The Colonial Records of the State of Georgia: Trustees’ Letter Book 1745–1752 - Volume 31
TheColonial Recordsof theState of Georgia

VOLUME 31

TheColonial Recordsof theState of Georgia

Trustees Letter Book17451752

VOLUME 31

Edited byKENNETH COLEMAN

Copies Made from Original Records in England andCompiled under Authority of Allen D. Candler, 1902

The University of Georgia PressAthens

1986 by the University of Georgia Press

Athens, Georgia 30602

All rights reserved

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data (Revised for volume 3)

Main entry under title:

Trustees letter book.

(The Colonial records of the state of Georgia; v.29 )

Copies made from original records in England and compiled under authority of Allen D. Candler, 1902.

Includes bibliographical references and indexes.

Contents: [l]. 1732-1738 / edited by Kenneth Coleman and Milton Ready -- [3]. 1745-1752 / edited by Kenneth Coleman.

l. Georgia--History--Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775--Sources. 2. Martyn, Benjamin, 1699-1763--Correspondence. 3. Verelst, Harman--Correspondence. 4. Colonial administrators--Great Britain--Correspondence. I. Coleman, Kenneth. II. Ready, Milton, 1938- III. Series: Colonial records of the State of Georgia; v. 29, etc.

F281.C71 vol. 29 [F289]975.8′0284-24142

ISBN 0-8203-0852-8

Transcripts of Crown-copyright records in the Public Record Office appear by permission of the Controller of H. M. Stationery Office.

Most University of Georgia Press titles are available from popular e-book vendors.

Printed digitally

Reissue published in 2021

ISBN 9780820359267 (Hardcover)

ISBN 9780820359250 (Paperback)

ISBN 9780820359243 (eBook)

CONTENTS


Foreword to the Reissue


vii


Preface


xi


Introduction


xiii


Trustees Letter Book


1


Index


283

These Volumes are for

Georgias Archivists and Librarians

This Volume is for

CARROLL HART

FOREWORD TO THE REISSUE

Volumes 29, 30, and 31 of the Colonial Records of Georgia consist of the official Letter Books of The Trustees for Establishing the Colony of Georgia in America, more commonly known as just the Trustees. These Letter Books deliver exactly what they promisecopies of all the correspondence the Trustees sent to their colonists in Georgiaand serve as companion pieces to other volumes in the series. In volumes 20-26, scholars can read the countless letters those colonists addressed to the Trustees on a wide variety of topics, while here in volumes 29-31, they can observe the Trustees responses to those requests. The number of letters going to London far surpassed the ones returning to Georgia, and that overwhelming paperwork contributed to the many reasons the Trustees administration of their colony failed. Nevertheless, the Trustees remained dedicated to the success of their venture throughout their tenure, and they did their best to keep up with the flood of documents they received by replying to as many as they could.

Because the Trustees managed Georgia from across the Atlantic Ocean, they obviously needed to send regular correspondence to their colonists to assist them with all aspects of daily operations. Many of the letters contained in these volumes are directed to the officials that the Trustees appointed to specific posts to maintain some semblance of law and order in the colony while they retained general oversight and complete authority for themselves. These letters include instructions about formal procedures (since the colonists had no practical experience in governance), answers to specific questions about both larger utilitarian matters and smaller everyday issues, and requests for additional information on all sorts of political, economic, agricultural, social, and religious topics. Their messages, especially to their appointees, became much more detailed as the colony matured and life became more complicated, which is reflected in the longer length of later letters. This attention to detail shows the Trustees dedication to the success of their colony and their subjects but also reveals their outwardly genuine interest in all matters regardless of how insignificant they may seem to historians. Critics may disapprove of the Trustees micromanagement, but more impartial scholars will appreciate all of those details because they offer countless opportunities for further research on the Trustees, their priorities, and their perspectives on the Georgia project and the people who took part in it.

The two unsung heroes of these three volumes of the Trustees Letter Books are Benjamin Martyn, the secretary for the Trustees, and Harman Verelst, their accountant. Both men were based in London and held their positions during the Trustees entire existence, and by doing so, they provided a consistent office through which all correspondence to and from the colony and Parliament traveled. Even though they had separate designations as secretary and treasurer, which imply different responsibilities, both men responded to communications regardless of the subject or author. Verelst, however, usually addressed specific fiscal matters such as payments for goods and services in addition to regular business. Neither replied personally; instead, they composed and transcribed whatever the Trustees had decided in their meetings. Nevertheless, Martyn and Verelst probably chose the language to use and applied the professional tone necessary to obtain the desired results, whether it be obedience from the colonists overseas or support from aristocrats at home. Because Martyn and Verelst handled all the paperwork generated by the Trustees, they possessed extensive knowledge about every aspect of the Georgia enterprise, and they more than likely acted as consultants at times because of their expertise, although no evidence exists to confirm that assertion. It makes sense, however, that in their quest to be effective administrators, the Trustees would ask Martyn and Verelst for information, and perhaps even for advice, because of their familiarity with all aspects of the colony. Recovering Martyns and Verelsts roles in the Georgia project is important and provides worthwhile avenues for future research to which these volumes contribute a significant amount of material, albeit indirectly.

These three volumes also present the Trustees perspectives and directions on issues other than colonial oversight. Both the Trustees and their colonists were interested in all facets of the economy including establishing a basic financial infrastructure and finding a viable crop to grow that would meet the Trustees expectations, add new produce to imperial commerce, and provide a stable income for the colonists. The Trustees also expressed concern throughout their tenure about relations with the nearby Indian nations, and they often reminded their colonists of the importance of maintaining peace with their Native neighbors for immediate safety reasons as well as greater diplomatic purposes.

Perhaps the most unexpected and noteworthy aspect of the Trustees letters is the consideration they showed for personal issues. Because the Trustees were a distant body of aristocrats far removed from Georgia and its daily trials and tribulations, scholars might assume that these men focused their attention solely on bigger bureaucratic concerns when in fact, many times, they would comment on more private matters. For instance, they would express sympathy when informed about individual deaths in the colony, and they frequently asked after the wellbeing of those who had been ill. These letters reveal a much more intimate side of the Trustees, one that academics often overlook, and they make these aristocrats more accessible, and indeed more human, to readers.

While each volume includes only seven years worth of letters (except volume 29), when taken together, all three volumes present a broad overview of the Trustees correspondence and their approach to administering the colony from afar. Their subject matter is wide ranging in topic but thorough in coverage, making it an invaluable source for anyone interested in early Georgia.

The last volume of the Trustees Letter Books brings the administration of Georgia by the Trustees to a close. It covers August 1745 through April 1752, when they informed the governing body of the President and Assistants that they had surrendered their authority over the colony to the Crown. Even though this volume represents the end of the Trustees, scholars should remain open minded while reading these letters and appreciate the material contained in them in the moment in which they were written and not in the shadow of the ultimate conclusion. As an institution, the Trustees were waning in influence over the colonists and were losing support among their aristocratic colleagues in London, but they still took note of what was happening in Georgia and sent directions overseas that they expected to be obeyed. They continued to discuss the same issues as in previous years, and they hoped that at least some of their goals might yet be achieved. Some scholars may speculate that the Trustees were in denial of the inevitable because of their persistent belief in their cause, but others may appreciate their consistency and perseverance right up to the end of their tenure. Future research about the Trustees must take these final years into account without letting the final demise of the Trustees overshadow their activities during this era and must link these later years to the early ones in order to present a more complete portrait of the Trustees operations and objectives.

Almost all of the letters contained herein are written to the President and Assistants as a collective organization rather than as individuals as was the case in the previous volume. That administrative body had become a recognized institution by colonists as their local government, and the Trustees eventually accepted it as such, although they never did give up their full control over their subjects. Because the Trustees never appointed anyone to fill these positions in the county of Frederica, the President and Assistants of Savannah oversaw the entire colony. All colonists came to look to this institution for the handling of everyday affairs, and it expanded its influence accordingly but unofficially. The letters from the Trustees to this supervising body became lengthier because they wrote them more infrequently and therefore had more topics to cover. However, they maintained similar characteristics to earlier missives in that they contain very precise directions about specific issues. To the very end, the Trustees sought to exercise their authority over the colonists in all matters even as their hold over them weakened.

The Trustees never admitted defeat or failure, even though they modified their restrictive land policies and relented on certain regulations, such as the prohibition of strong liquor and African slavery. Nevertheless, the Trustees remained dedicated to overseeing their colony and its many needs until their last days in charge. That dedication deserves recognition, and while they did not obtain their exact objectives, they did establish a colony that eventually became the state of Georgia.

Julie Anne Sweet

PREFACE

The history of Georgias colonial records has been a varied one. Her customs records were destroyed in early 1776 when the vessel upon which they had been stored for safekeeping was burned during the Battle of the Rice Boats at Savannah. During the Revolutionary War, Georgia sent many of her records as far north as Maryland to protect them, and some of these never found their way back to Georgia. Many old records were left at Milledgeville when the states capital was moved to Atlanta in 1868. As late as the twentieth century colonial records were destroyed in Savannah to make room for current records. Normal loss and destruction through improper use and storage over the years have taken their toll as well.

With all this loss and destruction, it is not surprising that most of the colonial records which survived are the letters, reports, and other documents sent to London by colonial officials and now deposited in the Public Record Office. Georgia first had these records copied in the 1830s and 1840s and they were used by several historians before being burned accidentally in the late nineteenth century. Early in the twentieth century the Georgia volumes (mainly P.R.O., C.O. 5/636-712) were copied a second time by the State.

Between 1904 and 19l6 twenty-five volumes of these transcripts were published as The Colonial Records of the State of Georgia (Volumes 1-19, 21-26). Allen D. Candler began compiling and printing these volumes, and William J. Northen and Lucian Lamar Knight assumed the work after Candlers death in 1910. Essentially Candler, Northen, and Knight arranged the transcripts and printed the volumes with no further editorial apparatus.

Immediately the published volumes had an influence upon the writing of Georgias colonial history. The unpublished transcripts, arranged in fourteen volumes in the state archives, have been used considerably less.

Publication of additional volumes, sponsored by the Georgia Commission for the National Bicentennial Celebration and the University of Georgia Press, was begun in 1976 as a part of Georgias participation in the nations Bicentennial. Publication has continued since as funds have become available.

The editor wishes to thank Julio E. Colon for a very competent job of proofreading this volume with him.

Athens, Georgia

Kenneth Coleman

INTRODUCTION

Volumes XXIX, XXX, and XXXI consist of the Letter Books of the Trustees for Establishing the Colony of Georgia in America. These letters, mainly to officials and people in Georgia, make clear that the Trustees first and foremost wanted to know everything that happened in the Colony. They asked about people (individually and collectively), land (how much had been surveyed, granted, cultivated, and abandoned), officials (loyalty to the Trustees was the main criteria for approval or promotion), silk worms and production, the Trustees Garden at Savannah, agriculture, colony accounts, descriptions of conditions in Georgia, and anything else they knew was happening in Georgia.

Originally the Trustees asked James Oglethorpe to give them the information they wanted. But they soon found that Oglethorpe would not take the time to answer their numerous queries. William Stephens proved to be the answer to the Trustees desire. In 1737 Stephens was appointed Secretary for the Affairs of the Trust within the Province of Georgia, and began to keep a journal for the Trustees on October 20, 1737, the day he arrived in Charles Town on his way to Georgia to take up his duties there. He kept his journal and corresponded with the Trustees until 1749, but no journal beyond 1745 is known to exist today. His last letter, dated July l, 1750, informed the Trustees of his infirmities and inability to serve them further. He died at his plantation of Bewlie in August 1753 and was buried there.

The Trustees correspondence makes it clear that they wanted very much to impose their image of what Georgia should be upon the colony. We know a great deal more about Trustee Georgia because of the Trustees insistence that they be told everything and because of Stephens attempts to satisfy them. We should thank the Trustees for their curiosity.

The letters of these volumes were written by Benjamin Martyn, the Secretary to the Trustees, and Harman Verelst, Accountant to the Trustees, apparently the only office force the Trustees ever had. Usually general matters were handled by Martyn and fiscal ones by Verelst. But both wrote about almost any subject when the other was not available to handle his usual correspondence.

Martyn wrote clearer and better composed letters. His knowledge of other languages besides English was better than Verelsts, and his spelling--not nearly so standardized in the eighteenth century as in the twentieth--was much better and easier to understand. Verelst was frequently concerned with the minutia of accounting and how officials in Georgia did not do what they had been instructed to do.

Little is known about Martyn and Verelst. There is a brief sketch of Martyn in the Dictionary of National Biography, XII, 1199-1200. Trevor R. Reese wrote Benjamin Martyn, Secretary to the Trustees of Georgia, Ga. Hist. Quarterly, XXXVIII, 142-147, and Harman Verelst, Accountant to the Trustees, ibid., XXXIX, 348-352.

Vol. XXXI (August 19, 1745-April 7, 1752) the final volume of the Trustees letter book, with the Trustees and their Common Councils minutes in Colonial Records of the State of Georgia, Vols. I and II, make the decline of the interest of the Trustees in Georgia clear. There were long intervals when there were no Trustee meetings nor letters from Martyn or Verelst to Georgia. Martyn and Verelst apparently acted on many items in the absence of Trustee meetings or consulted what Trustees were available.

In their last several years, the Trustees seemed more concerned with formal actions (appointing and removing officials, granting land, etc.) and less with the substance of what was happening in Georgia. When in late 1749 the Italian states which produced most of Europes silk forbad the export of raw silk, the Trustees intensified their urging for Georgians to produce more silk.

In his last few years of service as Trustees Secretary and President of Georgia, William Stephens seemed to have declined in efficiency, probably because of increasing age and infirmities. In 1750 Stephens was replaced by James Habersham as Secretary and by Henry Parker first as Vice President and then as President. Neither Parker nor Habersham seem to have operated as efficiently or as regularly as Stephens had done over his years in these offices. Undoubtedly they saw the decline of Trustee interest and were more concerned with their own affairs in the growing Georgia.

The Common Council of the Trustees held its last meeting on April 29, 1752. The Trustees held their last meeting on June 23, 1752. At this meeting the trustees ordered the Secretary to write at least one letter to the President and Assistants in Georgia. If this letter was written, it was not recorded in the letter book. After this meeting the seal of the Trustees was defaced, and they officially ended their life. Unfinished business of the Trustees was to be carried on by a committee appointed at this last meeting and by Benjamin Martyn, who became Board of Trade Agent for Georgia.

Editorial Guidelines

The volume divisions created by Allen D. Candler and Lucian Lamar Knight, the original compilers of this series, have been retained. This will facilitate references in works already published which used these volumes in manuscript.

Original spellings are retained unless the meaning is not clear. (Note. The Old English thorn th was usually written and printed as y in the early eighteenth century. This has been kept throughout this text. Thus ye is the, yt is that, and ym is them.) All raised letters have been lowered, abbreviations that are not clear have been expanded, and slips of the pen have been corrected silently. A single word may be explained in brackets immediately after its appearance in the text. More lengthy explanations will be given in footnotes. Punctuation, often scarce in eighteenth century manuscripts, has been supplied sometimes for the sake of clarity, though many sentences are long by modern standards. No attempt at uniform spelling, even of proper names, has been attempted; rather the original text has been followed. For proper names, a single most common spelling has been used in the index.

In the manuscript there is no consistency in the system of money notation. Thus 1.7.10 might be written that way, 1:7:10, or 1..7..10. Colons, fairly frequent, have been left as written, but the .. has been changed to a single period. When the pound sign is given after the figure it is often written as a lower case l with a line through it (l). These have been changed to for the sake of clarity.

Many, probably a majority, of the enclosures referred to in these letters are not filed with the letters. Some of them have been located, but many have not.

When letters, petitions, etc. from Georgia are acknowledged in the Trustee letters, an effort has been made to locate these. Most of them are in their correct chronological place in the letters from Georgia published in Vols. XX-XXVI of this series, and no editorial notation is made. If the letters have been located elsewhere or not located, this fact is noted in the footnotes.

Each document is given a short introduction which consists of the name of the writer and recipient, date written, place written, Public Record Office location, topic or topics treated, and method of transmission (vessel, captain, etc.) where given.

TheColonial Recordsof theState of Georgia

VOLUME 31

TRUSTEES LETTER BOOK

1745-1752

Harman Verelst to John Dobell, Aug. 19, 1745, Westminster, C.O. 5/667, p. 189, acknowledging receipt of letter and admonishing respect for the President and Assistants. By the Judith, Capt. Walter Quarme.

Sir

Your Letters of 27th. December, and 15th. and 21st. of February last were received, together with the Lists of the Inhabitants of Savannah, the Township of Vernonburgh, and the adjacent Villages, as also of the Orphan House at Bethesda;1 Which have given the Trustees great Satisfaction. And they hope you will continue your Endeavours to serve the Colony, which will always meet with every Encouragement in the Power of the Trustees. But I am directed in a particular manner to recommend to you, that you will show to the President and Assistants who are invested by the Trustees with the Care of the Civil Government of the Colony, that Respect and Submission, which is due to the Office they bear; And which the Trustees expect should be given by all who are dependant on the Trust. For without the Support of Civil Government, all Order is broke in upon; And dangerous Consequences must arise from any Endeavours of weakening that Authority; Therefore, not only by your own Example, but by all Ways and Means as you regard the Trustees Favour this stands in the strongest manner thus recommended to you.

You will receive some Instructions from the President and Assistants by this Conveyance, relating to Lists of Grants sent them made by the Trustees here and to Persons possessing Lands without Grants. To which you are to make the proper Returns to the said President and Assistants, to be by them transmitted to the Trustees.


Harman Verelst to Charles Watson, Aug. 19, 1745, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 190-191, giving accusations of Thomas Jones against Watson and suspending him from his offices. By the Judith, Capt. Walter Quarme.

Sir

Your Letter to the Trustees of the 18th. of April last has been laid before them in Answer to a Letter you therein mention was wrote to Mr. [William] Stephens which was an Intimation only, to know of him, if the Accusations alledged against you had any Foundation. But since you desire to know the Rise of them, and how supported, Mr. Thomas Jones, in his Letter to the Trustees of the 23d. of February 1742, which by his Attendance on then in England he has since confirmed, writes; That you borrowed of him Money at two different times Value 15 together, for which you gave him Promisory Notes; and instead of repaying him, had injured him to a great Degree. That you soon discovered your Self to be a profane Man, and had exceeded all he had known in the Colony, by your Industry in getting of Money, and in lavishly consuming it. That you had a convenient House in the Square fitted up with a Room therein for your Office as a Lawyer, but was seldom to be seen there, unless when some of the Indian Traders come to Town (who generally were litigious) and applied to you in Law Cases for Advice. That you kept also a Lodging, or an Office at Tisdales (a Publick House) where you accompanied with some Sawyers and labouring Men, who by their former Industry and Frugality had acquired and saved some Money; There you practised and instructed them to set and know the Main2 having a Box and Dice, with a Cloth to cover the Table at time (when other Company was near) to prevent the Noise by the rattling of the Dice. That Persons, who occasionally lodged at the House, had told him that you with others had continued playing at Hazard3 in your own Room from Dinner time, until two of the Clock next Morning. That he saw one of these labouring Men, who too late bewaild his Folly, whose Name was Alexander Ross, that came over a Servant, and since his time expired, had workd at sawing and other Labour, and by his Industry had got and laid up above 100 Sterling. That two others of them, Johnson and Tyrrell whom he had employed in sawing Timber, were so intent in following their Main, that they despised Labour; And that he had often Sums of Money in his Hands of Johnsons to keep for him, when sober and industrious, but that he was now become idler and in Debt. And Mr. Jones adds, that since this Gaming Office had been set up, the Town had not been amused nor disquieted with Advertisements & scurrilous Lampoons.

On the 6th. of March last, the Trustees wrote to you, about your absenting your Self from your Duty as Bailiff and Assistant, without Consent or Notice to the President and Assistants of your Design; And also about your going to Augusta, and concerning your Self with the Indian Traders, by no Authority or Direction. And therefore by that Letter you was suspended from the Offices of Bailiff and Assistant from the time you left Savannah. A Copy of which Letter is herewith sent you.

You have now your Charge exhibited, to which your Answer is expected. And you are hereby declared suspended from the Offices of Bailiff, Assistant, and Issuer of Sola Bills, until Satisfaction is received concerning this Conduct of yours.

A Copy of this Letter is sent to Mr. [William] Stephens, that he may acquaint the Trustees in what manner, and how supported, this Charge against you may be falsified. Which you alledge to be, not only a partial Accusation, but a notorious scandalous Falsity.


Harman Verelst to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, Aug. 19, 1745, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 191-193, concerning silk production, Salzburger agriculture, Uchee Indians, saw mill, Christopher Ortman, Christopher Hopkins, John J. Zubly, German servants, and implements sent to the Salzburgers. By the Judith, Capt. Quarme.

Reverend Sir

The Trustees last Letter by their Secretary to you was dated 25th. March, which they hope you have received, & the Machine for winding Silk, with the Copper for the Balls. It is great Pleasure to the Trustees to find your Peoples Inclination for raising this usefull Produce which in time will make Georgia flourish; And though the Trustees cannot afford a larger Bounty than 2s/a pound for the encouraging raising Silk Balls, yet the Quantity encreasing will make that a very sufficient Allowance. And for the better enabling the Trustees to pay the same, the Silk produced from such Balls will be sold by the Trustees in England for raising the Fund to pay the Bounty on the future Balls, which is the only reasonable Method of bringing the Production of Raw Silk in Georgia to Perfection by the Sale of the Silk answering the Bounty on the Balls. For Rewards exceeding that, the Trustees cannot undertake, having made no application for the Assistance of Parliament for these two Years past by Reason of the great Expence of the present War.

A Copy of your Letter of 22d. February, and your Original Letter of the 9th. of April last were both received; The Account you give of the Agriculture in Pine Land is very promising; And for the Encouragement of your People by this Ship will be sent you twenty Plough Shares and Coulters as advised for Use by Jethro Tull,4 together with some Scythes and other Articles, which Mr. [Friedrich Michael] Zeigenhagen5 applied to the Trustees for and are particularly mentioned by Way of Postcript to this Letter. The Trustees have also sent you Jethro Tulls Book of Agriculture. As to the Engine called a Wheat and Turnip Drill, the Expence will be about 18 Sterling and very uncertain if it will answer being made here and sent over.

It is with Concern the Trustees find the Uchee Indians so mischievous, and how to restrain them is the Difficulty; But as in your Journal to the Society for promoting Christian Knowledge (which the Trustees had the Perusal of) January 6th, last you mention, that the People will be disappointed, if the Wickedness of the Indians cannot be stopt, as is done in Carolina; The Trustees would have been glad, you had at the same time mentioned, how their Wickedness was stopt in Carolina, which Method please to acquaint the Trustees of.

The Usefulness of your Pounding Mill for Rice and Barley appears to be very great, and it is a particular Satisfaction to the Trustees to find the Perfection it is brought to.

As to the Assistance of 100 General Oglethorpe gave you by his Bill on me in the Year 1741, when his Account thereof comes under Consideration, the Trustees will at the same time consider of what you mention, concerning the Application thereof.

You are very sensible how much the Trustees have your Settlement at heart by the many good Things, as far as in their Power, they have done, and are inclined to do; But further Assistance in Money is not in their Power. They intend to recommend it to their Common Council, to make your Settlement a Present of the Iron and Timber of their late Saw Mill at Old Ebenezer, now in your Custody, being well satisfied of the good Use it will be put to; Which Benefaction will encourage you to proceed, as Ability will permit, in erecting so usefull a Work as a Saw Mill.

The Trustees have wrote to Mr. [William] Stephens concerning [Christopher] Ortmans being employed as Schoolmaster to the Germans about Savannah, and acquainted him, that you should have been consulted, who had with your late Fellow Labourer Mr. [Israel] Gronau, so charitably assisted those Germans with your Ministry; And the more so, as Ortman had renderd himself so obnoxious to your Congregation. The Trustees have also desired Mr. Stephens to call to an Account Christopher Hopkins the Cowpenkeeper, for his insulting you and your Congregation, and the savey answer he gave you, after the gentle Rebuke he had from you for the Disorders he and two others had committed in Drunkenness. And the Trustees have mentioned to Mr. Stephens your Request made to the President and Assistants, for the People at the Cowpen of Old Ebenezer to be assistive in bringing up the Saltzburghers Cattle. And hoped that the same had been accordingly complied with.

As to the Application for Mr. [John J.] Zubli to be Minister to the Germans about Savannah, he applied himself to the Trustees when in England and received no Encouragement from them by Reason of their not being in ability to maintain him; And also that if they had, they did not think him of Experience sufficient to execute such a Charge. But pursuant to your Advice, the Trustees will endeavour to send to the Reformed Germans at Vernonburgh a grave and experienced Pastor, whose Ministry may be acceptable to them, and under whom Mr. Zubli may become an Assistant, and thereby gain an Experience which may qualify him for their future Minister; and that until such Minister can be sent, the Trustees will take it kindly if you and your Fellow Labourer (who comes over in this Ship to succeed Mr. Gronau)6 as your Leisures will permit, to have some Regard to the Spiritual Assistance of such of these Reformed Germans, who will accept thereof.

The Trustees by this Ship also send over a Number of German Protestants, who were taken Prisoners in a Voyage from Rottendam to Philadelphia, and strippd of every thing by the Spaniards; But being released by the Cartell, and brought to England thus destitute, are by the Charity of the Government, and at their Expence sent over as Servants to Georgia, after their signing a Contract for that purpose (a Copy whereof you herewith receive with a List of their Names). They are consigned to the Care of the President and Assistants, with proper Instructions for the placing them out to Service. And you will be consulted about the Distribution of so many of them, as shall be allotted for Ebenezer.

Herewith you receive a Book for curing Distempers among Cattle; as also the Gentlemans Magazine, wherein Pages 353 and 354 is the Description and Figure of a Back Heaver for winnowing and cleaning Corn and a Method to keep Corn sweet in Sacks.

Sent by this Ship for the Saltzburghers vizt. In a Cask markd G3 X C No. 1. Twenty Plough Shares & Coulters, 4 doz. Scyths, 3 Brass Plates for Watchmakers, 2 Groce of Shoemakers Awl Blades, & 6 Cutting Knives with Handles.

In Canvas No. 2: 1 hd. wt. black Iron Plate for Stoves. Loose, 1 Straw Knife fixt with a Frame &c. A Box of Medicines for which the Society for promoting Christian Knowledge was applied to, But sent and paid for by the Trustees for Georgia with an Invoice in the Box of all that could be had of them in England and directed to Mr. Bolzius. As also 2 Cases marked H B E which came from Hambro. And 1 Case markd EBENEZER, which came from Amsterdam.


Harman Vere1st to Thomas Jenys, Aug. 19, 1745, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 194, concerning accounts with Paul Jenys. By the Judith, Capt. Quarme; by the Daniel, Capt. Summersett.

Sir

Your Favours of 13th. June and 15th. July last were recd, for which I thank you. I have now the Pleasure to state the Determination of your late Brothers Affairs with Mr. [Thomas] Causton, wherein the Trustees were concerned. And the Articles placed to Mr. Causton by the Trustees, as sent you in July 1740, were for the Sums of 592.9.- Currency in the Year 1735 for a Transaction on Mr. Caustons private Account, and 100 Currency as an Overcharge in Mr. Caustons Bill to William Butler charged by your late Brother to be for 293.12.-.

As to the 592.9.- it still appears a Transaction on Mr. Caustons private Account, and herewith you receive his State of it, and how discharged, with a Surplus due to him of 135.11.-Currency on that Account. But it also appears, that the said Mr. Causton drew on your late Brother the two following Bills, for which no Credit was taken in your said Brothers Account with the Trustees, vizt. A Bill dated 27th. September 1735 to Andrew Grant for 300. Currency, and a Bill dated 5th. November foll. to Samuel Lacey for 260 Currency, making together 560. Currency, whereout the said Overpayment of 135.11.- on Mr. Caustons private Account being deducted, which Mr. Causton claims of the Trustees in Account with them, the Balance in Favour of your late Brothers Estate, on these States against each other, appears to be 424.9.- Currency, which in Sterling at 700 P Cent, the then Exchange, amount to 60.12.8.

And as to the 100 Overcharge, Mr. Causton admits it to be wrong in him, and he now standing charged in Account with the Trust with the same Sum of 293.12.- for the Bill he drew on your late Brother, the Sterling of the said 100 at 740 P Cent the then Exchange, amounts to 13.10.3. Which together with the 60.12.8 above mentioned, makes in Sterling the Sum of 74.2.11 which the Trustees have agreed to pay to the Executors of your late Brother, whose Bill on the Trustees will be duly honoured for the said Sum of 74.2.11 in full of all Accounts between them and the Trustees.

Dr. Paul Jenys Esqr. with Thomas Causton ..... Cr.



Benjamin Martyn to William Stephens, July 17, 1745, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 195-197, concerning payment of quit rents, settlement of Thomas Caustons accounts, commissions sent to Ga., Joseph Averys surveys, court for Augusta, sale of Frances Watts lot, death of pilot John Humble, pay of William Moore as constable, plans for Salzburgers, and Indian harm to Salzburgers. By the Judith, Capt. Quarme.

Sir

You will receive herewith a List of all such Grants as Quits Rents are now become payable on or shall be within one Year;7 as likewise a Copy of the Clause in the Charter that requires the Payment of the said Quit Rents. And the Trustees direct you and the Assistants to appoint a proper Person to demand and receive the said Rents, such Person giving a sufficient Security; And an Account of his Proceedings from time to time must be transmitted home to the Trustees.

The Trustees have issued under the Seal of the Corporation a special Commission to Messieurs James Habersham, Frances Harris, and William Spencer, for the examining and stating Mr. Thomas Caustons Accompts with the Trust; And have sent likewise, Instructions under the Seal for their Conduct therein. Mr. Causton upon this is appointed to return to Georgia, in Order to settle his Accompts; And the Common Council direct you and the Assistants to pay him the Sum of 10. Sterling on his Arrival, and the further Sum of 20.- when the aforesaid Commissioners shall report to you and the Assistants, that they have finished his Accompts, pursuant to their Instructions. The Commissioners must deliver to Mr. Causton, Copies of such Reports as they shall make upon his Accompts, on his demanding the same; And the Trustees hope they will apply themselves as closely as they can to the Work that he may have no Room to complain of any Delays.

Mr. Causton has petitioned the Trustees, that a Lease may be perfected of those Lands, which Mr. Oglethorpe (as he alledges) ordered Mr. Noble Jones in the Year 1736 to put him in Possession of. The Trustees have therefore ordered, that you and the Assistants must direct a Survey to be made of the said Lands; And if they are not in the Possession of any other Person, then a Lease of them must be made to Mr. Causton, as he desires.

Mr. John Ulrick Driezler is appointed Schoolmaster at Frederica, for which he is to be allowed 10 Sterling P Ann.

A Commission, appointing Mr. Patrick Graham one of the Assistants in the Province of Georgia, is sent to you by this Conveyance; and he is to receive a Salary of 20 Sterling P Ann.

A Commission under the Seal, appointing the President and Assistants Commissioners for examining and stating Captn. Patrick Mackays Accompts, with Instructions for your Conduct therein, is likewise sent by this Conveyance.

The Trustees are concerned to find by your Journal that Mrs. [Margaret] Avery has been so obstinate, in refusing to deliver up the Surveys made by her late Husband for the Use of the Trust. It was undoubtedly right in you to prevent as much as possible the said Surveys being published, or falling into the Hands of those who might publish them, at a time when Great Britain is engaged in a War. Mrs. Avery has petitioned the Trustees, that a Gratification may be given her for the Surveys; They desire therefore you will acquaint her, that they cannot possibly judge, till they see the Surveys, what Gratification may be proper. Besides, as they were made by Mr. [Joseph] Avery by Virtue of his Office as Surveyor, for which he received an Annual Allowance, they belong to the Trustees; Who therefore insist on her delivering them into the Custody of you and the Assistants, and such other Papers and Effects as belong to the Trust, and were in the Possession of Mr. Avery at the time of his Death. And they direct you to acquaint her, that if any Money be due to her upon Account of her late Husbands Allowance, no Part of it must be paid till She surrenders the said Surveys, Papers and Effects; At the same time She may be told, that when it may be safe and proper to publish the Surveys (which can never be during the War) She may depend on receiving the Profits, which may accrue from the Publication of them.

The Trustees have received, and considered a Petition from several Inhabitants of the Town of Augusta, setting forth; The great Distance of the said Place from the Town of Savannah; And therefore praying that Captn. Kent (who is a Conservator of the Peace) may be impowered, with the Assistance of two Freeholders, to decide all Causes there, which do not amount to above 10 Sterling. Upon which the Trustees desire that you will send to Captn. Kent, to return to you the Number of Freeholders at Augusta, and the Names of proper Persons to be joind with him; And that you will transmit the Account of them to England, that the Trustees may be able to frame a proper Court of Judicature for deciding such Causes there.

The Trustees have confirmd your Sale of Mrs.[Frances] Watts and her Sons House, and fifty Acres Lot to Mr. James Habersham; And they have orderd the Sum of 41.1.9 to be paid to them here for the same. You must therefore retain so much out of the Money received from Mr. Habersham for the said House and Lot, for the Use of the Trust. And as to the Sum of 9.18.3 claimd by several Persons for building the aforesaid House by joint Labour, it being no Concern of the Trustees, they have left it to Mrs. Watts and her Son to adjust.

A Petition has been presented to the Trustees from Mr. Francis Moore, that John Humble late Pilot at St. Simons staved his Boat in Pieces in a Storm in the Year 1739/40; And being unable to provide another, Mr. Moore advanced him the Sum of 9 Sterling in Order to help him to purchase one. That he received of John Humble the Sum of 3 in part of the 9. Soon after which John Humble died, at which time Moore alledges there remained a Sum of Money due to Humble as Pilot. The Trustees have referrd this Claim to you and the Assistants, that you may examine whether any, and what Sum was due to Humble as Pilot, at the time of his Death.

Another Petition has been presented to the Trustees from Mr. Francis Moore setting forth; That William Moore a Tanner of the Town of Frederica has by Warrant from General Oglethorpe acted there as Constable, ever since the 20th. of January 1740/1, for which Service he has not received any Part of the 10.- P Ann. which the Trustees allow to each Constable; And that Francis Moore has a Letter of Attorney to receive whatever Sum of Money may be due to the said William Moore on Accot. of his Salary. The Trustees have referrd this Claim likewise to you and the Assistants to examine whether any thing and what may be due to the said William Moore.

The Trustees have ordered some Plough Shares to be sent over, which must be delivered to Mr. Bolzius for the Use of the Saltzburghers.

They are concernd to find that the Saltzburghers are made uneasy by the Indians adjoining to them, who steal and murder their Cattle; And they recommend it to you to find some means, if possible, of dissuading the Indians from such Practices, and of letting them know that the Saltzburghers are under the Trustees Protection, who must defend them from receiving any Injuries, as they would punish them for offering any to the Indians.


Harman Verelst to William Stephens, Aug. 19, 1745, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 198-209, concerning sola bills, Stephens accounts, silk and accounts of Thomas Jones, estimated expenses for Ga., land grants and quit rents, Thomas Caustons accounts, claims of Patrick Mackay, petition of Thomas Ellis, German servants, Salzburger cattle and trouble with Uchee Indians, John Dobells list of inhabitants, Charles Watsons defense of himself, debt of Peter Emerys widow, aids to silk raising, James Bull to Ga., Patrick Mackay and Charles Watson arrive in England, and tools sent to Ga. By the Judith, Capt. Walter Quarme.

Sir

The Trustees hope you have received the seasonable Supply of 1,000. in their Sola Bills sent you by the James Captn. Samuel Ball the 7th. of March last; When in their Letter, the Receipt of your Letter, Journal and Papers, sent in October before, was acknowledged. And on 16th. of said March by the same Ship, you was also acquainted that your Vouchers from 1st. December 1741 to Michaelmas 1742 had been examined, and found to agree with your Accounts within that time. And the Trustees now acquaint you, that the Vouchers for the Year ending at Michaelmas 1742 have been also examined, & found to agree with the Accounts for that Year. And you having been instructed to proceed in sending the like examined Copies of Vouchers, or Duplicates from Michaelmas 1743 to the 1st. of March following; The Accounts (when they arrive have been examined, and found agree, within that time) will then be fully authenticated to the time of the present Method taking Place which they are in, and is very satisfactory.

The Box you sent with the Raw Silk and Papers in December last was also received; Wherein were the examined Copies of Receipts from Michas 1739 to the last of November 1741, during the time of Mr. [Thomas] Joness Transactions, which will be examined with his Accounts within that time; And he being in England will be called upon to support any Deficiency, which may appear therein.

This Notice will relieve you from the anxiety concerning the above Particulars mentioned in your Letter of the 26th. February last,8 of which the Trustees received a Copy the 2d. instant, with your Original Letter of 30th. April last; And as the Original of the former never was received, it is supposed to be taken or lost.

With the 1,000. Sola Bills sent you as abovementioned was an Estimate, for one Years Expence in the Colony from Lady Day last, which amounted to 1,626.13.4, wherein any Saving that could be made, you were told would be acceptable; And the more so, for that the Trustees have made no Application to Parliament for these two Years past, on Account of the Exigencies of the Government in the present War. But the Trustees intend to make an Application in the next Session for a further Supply, which as probably will be but small, and will only be applied for the Support of the Civil Government; The Trustees therefore recommend the forwarding of Cultivation, as a Means of Subsistance by Produces, without depending upon uncertain Supplies.

The State of the Trustees Remittances to, and estimated Expences in Georgia from Michas 1743 appearing as follows.


The Deficiency therefore to answer said estimated Expences to Lady Day 1746 as above stated, appears to be 1,347.1

And towards the Supply thereof, the Trustees have by this Ship sent you in their Sola Bills 500, being 500d of 1. each & numberd 10,001 to 10,500. And they have also paid Mrs. [Frances] Watts and her Son as a Remittance to you 40.1.9, for you to change your Self with in Account with the Trust out of the Purchase Money of their Lot sold to Mr. [James] Habersham received or receivable by you for their Use; Whereby you will have a full Supply to carry on the said Estimated Expences to Michaelmas next. And the Trustees will take Care to remit timely Supplies for the Remainder to Lady Day next, before which time they will know what further Assistance can be obtained from Parliament; And of which you shall have due Notice.

In the Trustees Charter, there being a reserved Quit Rent for every hundred Acres of Lands, which the Trustees should grant, demise, plant, or settle, to commence after ten Years from the Date of such Grant, Demise, Planting or Settling. And the Colony of Georgia being in the thirteenth Year from the Arrival of the first Colonists, herewith you receive a List of the several Leases, Grants and Conveyances of Lands made by the Trustees to Persons intending ot go over and cultivate the same at their own Expence, with the Number of Acres to each, and the yearly Rents reserved, with their respective Commencements when the same first became payable; A Copy of which List you are to deliver to the Register, to make a Return thereof to you and the Assistants, which of them have been used, and who the present Claimants under them appear to be. And you also receive another List of the Trust Grants made out for allotting to Freeholders their Lots, who were sent by the Trustees, or joined the Colony, under the yearly Rents of 2d. Sterling for every fifty Acres granted, demised, planted or settled, by the Authority of the said Trust Grants; And also including Trust Grants for other Uses. A Copy of which you are likewise to deliver to the Register, to make a Return to the President and Assistants, how the said Trust Grants have been used, and of the Persons possessing Lots under them, with the Times which they or their Predecessors became first possessed thereof. In Order to ascertain the Commencements of their respective Quit Rents after their several Expirations of ten Years. And you are to instruct the Register, to make a List also of those Persons possessed of Lands, who do not appear to have any Grants thereof made to them, and to state therein the Commencements of their occupying or settling on such Lands, with the Quantities each possess. By all which, the President and Assistants will be enabled to give in Charge, the Rents to be collected to such Person as they shall appoint to receive the same by Order of and for the Use of the Trustees; To enable the Trustees to pay over to the Crown the Rents reserved by their Charter for the Lands so granted demised planted or settled, which are now due or shall hereafter annually become due and payable. And you are also to return to the Trustees, a List of those Grants, which on this Examination do not appear to have been used, and are thereby become void or forfeited. To which List you are to affix the Seal of the Province, to Support the exonerating all Claims of Quit Rents, which would otherwise have become payable to the Crown.

Herewith you receive a special Commission to Messrs. James Habersham, Francis Harris and William Spencer, who at the special Instance of Mr. Thomas Causton are appointed to examine and state his Accompts with the Trust, whereof Specimens have been made out with Mr. Causton in England, as far as the Materials the Trustees were possessed of enabled them; Copies of which and Instructions for their Assistance in this work are herewith sent you. The Trustees therefore recommend it to you to engage their entering into this necessary Service, and to give it all possible Dispatch. Mr. Causton, who comes over in this Ship, is to assist therein to explain and evidence the same in the best manner he can. And as Mr. Habersham and Mr. Harris are not in the Trustees Service, if you find they expect any Satisfaction for the time they shall employ under this Commission, you are to consult with the Assistants what reasonable Allowance may be proper to be made them on this Occasion, not exceeding five pounds a piece; Though the Trustees apprehend they would chuse to oblige the Trust in being the Instruments of stating Facts for the Trustees Judgment on Mr. Caustons Transactions.

You also receive a Commission and Instructions for the President and Assistants, to examine and state the Claims of Captain Patrick Mackay, whereof you herewith receive Copies, and of all Proceedings here in the Committees of Accots. And as Mr. Causton can be very assistive to you in this Examination, and has promised to be so; The Trustees hope it will shorten your Work with Captain Patrick Mackay; To whom you are to give Notice, that his Claims are sent over for Examination, and to acquaint him with the Objections arising thereto, after Mr. Causton has explained them to the President and Assistants. But you are to be particularly carefull, not to admit the Trustees to be accounted legal Parties in such Claims; The President and Assistants being only to state the Services performed, and how they have been satisfied; the Persons for which you will observe by the abovementioned Reports and Papers relating to this Affair. And the Trustees direct, that Mr. Charles Watson is not to be admitted to intermeddle in any manner whatsoever in this Examination. And they leave it to the President and Assistants, if Mr. Caustons Service to them on this Occasion be worthy Notice; That they may gratify him for the same not exceeding the Sum of five pounds.

The Petition of Thomas Ellis the Trustees will recommend to their Common Council; And they agree with you, that the future Surveyor should be paid only for what Service he does, pursuant to the Agreement you mentioned in the Minutes of the Proceedings of the President and Assistants the 3d. of March last.

Though the Trustees have long endeavoured to assist the industrious with Servants, without Success; Yet at last an Opportunity very providentially offered; That several German Protestants who were taken by the Spaniards on board an English bottomd Vessel in their Voyage to Philadelphia, and strippd of everything, being released by the Cartel and brought to England, are by the Charity of the Government, and at their Expence to be sent over to Georgia by this Ship as Servants; They are now at Gosport and will embark from thence. The Contract they have signed, and List of them distinguishing those who are to serve together, and those separate as appointed by the Trustees with the Bill of Lading and Invoice of what is sent over by this Ship; and consigned to you, will be inclosed to you in another Letter from Gosport, when they are embarked. They are seventy three in Number, whereof 12 are married People and must serve together, and one of them has a Son aged 6 Years, and another a Daughter aged 8 Years, who are too young yet to separate from their Parents. There is a Girl of 7 Years old, which belongs to Wests Mother, or Maria Ratien, which is too young to be separated from whom She belongs; And there is a Widow also, who has a Son aged 7 and a Girl aged 9, which are likewise too young to be separated from her. Therefore these Children must be under the Care of them to whom they belong, until they are of Ages fit to go out to Service; Which Age for that purpose, the Trustees determine to be 12 Years old. The rest of these Germans consist of 15 Men, 9 Women, 17 Boys, and 1 Girl, all fit for Service. In Consideration of which several Services, they are to be maintained and clothed by the Masters to whom they are placed out; And the Men of 21 Years of Age and upwards are to have fifty Acres of Land set out as soon after their Arrival as may be for each of them, and are to be allowed one Working Day in the Week to labour on their own Land, and to be maintained each of such Days also, as when working for their Masters. They are furnished with Clothing, Bedding, Arms, Ammunition, Working Tools, and Necessaries for themselves, which are sent over with them; And the Disposition of the said Servants are in the President and Assistants, and to be as follows.

To the President or any of the Assistants who cultivate Land and are at a Stop for Want of Help, two, to each of them to be allotted.

And if there are in the District of Savannah any within the above Description of having cultivated Land; and being at a Stop for Want of Help, one to each of them to be allotted. In which District Mr. [Thomas] Caustons Settlement may be considered.

And the rest are to be distributed among the Inhabitants of Ebenezer, and Township of Vernonburgh, with the adjacent Villages to the said Township, Consulting for the first with Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius, and for the other with Mr. [Michael] Burkholder.

The Trustees further direct, that the Children who are placed out from their Parents, may be in the same District wherein their Parents serve if it conveniently can be, whether that of Savannah, Ebenezer, or Vernonburgh; And that the Men Servants may have as much Benefit of their fifty Acres Lots, when set out for them as may be, each Man is to have his Lot set out for him within the District wherein he serves, and to be as near his Service as conveniently can.

The Contract for these Servants being for four Years for those of 17 Years old and upwards, and that the Males under 17 are to serve till 21, and the Females under 14 are to serve till 18. And there being also a Condition at their Request, that if those of 17 Years and upwards, at the End of three Years, shall be able to maintain themselves, their last Years Service is to be remitted. The Trustees therefore invest the Power of determining such Ability to maintain themselves, to the Judgment of the President, calling to his Assistance Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius & Mr. [Michael] Burkholder.

Mr. Bolzius having wrote to the Trustees, that the Saltzburghers had many Heads of Cattle in the Woods, partly branded, partly not, and consequently wild; That if the President and Assistants would be assistive to them by their People at the Cow-pen of Old Ebenezer to bring them up (for which he had twice petitioned) it would redound to their furtherance in making good Progress in Agriculture upon Pine Land. That other wild Cattle of the Neighbourhood had carried away their tame Cattle from their Range, and their People were not able to bring them up without good Assistance, who understand the Woods and are provided with strong Horses, Which Assistance required from the Cowpen People, the Trustees hope you have complied with. Mr. Bolzius also writes of the Mischiefs done to the Saltzburghers Effects by the Uchee Indians, which the Trustees are much concernd at, and recommend it to you to acquaint their Chiefs with such Disorders, and desire their preventing them for the future. He also writes, that the like Mischiefs had been stoppd in Carolina, the Method of which you are desired to know, and to pursue the same. For though the Friendship of the Indians is very desirable, yet the Restraint of them from Outrages is equally so. Mr. Bolzius is also made acquainted with the Contract for the Germans now going over as Servants, and that you was wrote to concerning [Christopher] Ortmans being employed as Schoolmaster to the Germans about Savannah; And the Behaviour of Christopher Hopkins the Cowpenkeeper. The Trustees for your Conduct have therefore sent you a Copy of their Letter to Mr. Bolzius, and they desire you would support and assit him in everything you can.

The Trustees have received from Mr. [John] Dobell particular Lists of the Inhabitants of Savannah, the Township of Vernonburgh, and the adjacent Villages, and of the Orphan House at Bethesda, which prove satisfactory. They have wrote to him by this Conveyance, and having recommended to him in a particular manner to pay a due Regard to the Civil Government; The Trustees to shew you the Care they have to support the Authority thereof, have sent you a Copy of their Letter to Mr. Dobell.

The Trustees have also received a Letter from Mr. Charles Watson, to justify himself from the Accusations against him; And to shew their Desire of being impartial, have sent him the Allegations and by whom made, concerning his Behaviour. And herewith you receive a Copy of his said Letter, and the Trustees answer to him. The Trustees therefore desire you will transmit to them the Defence the said Charles Watson shall make with your Observations upon the whole, in Order for the Trustees Determination thereupon.

The Trustees have received a Petition from the Widow Emerie9 and her Son and Daughter, relating to the Demand of 10 advanced the said Widow in the Year 1739 to buy her necessaries in England on her Return to Georgia, when her Husband was living, which he was to repay in Georgia. But as such Repayment was not made by him, and the Widow is not in Circumstances to answer the same, the Trustees will recommend it to their Common Council, to release her from the said Demand; Of which please to acquaint Mrs. Emerie.

The Trustees have by this Ship sent another Machine for winding Silk, and a Copper for putting the Silk Balls in, and also 15 Books of the Compendious Account of the Art of raising and nursing the Silk Worms, and Mulberry Trees; To forward as much as in them lyes the Prodcution of Raw Silk. For the Colony is expected, as soon as may be, to maintain it Self by usefull Productions.

There is one James Bull comes over by this Ship, by the Advice of Mr. Thomas Jones; The Trustees have a very good Character of him, and have agreed that he should have a Town Lot at Savannah, and one of the German Servants to assist him therein, in Consideration of his watchfull Care of the said German Servants in the Voyage. Mr. Jones will recommend him to fall into some Method of immediate Subsistance. And if he shall prove worthy the Trustees further Notice, when in their Power, he may become a usefull Man to the Colony.10

Herewith you receive a Book for curing Distempers among Cattle, as also the Gentlemans Magazine, wherein Pages 353 and 354 is the Description and Figure of a Back Heaver, for winnowing and cleaning Corn, and a Method to keep Corn sweet in Sacks.

[P.S.] You receive also Mr. Patrick Grahams Commission as an Assistant in the Civil Government of Georgia. And what Mr. [Benjamin] Martyn has mentioned about the Quit Rents, and the Clause in the Charter is supplied by this Letter.

[P.S.] Since writing the above the Trustees are informed by Mr. [Thomas] Bosomworth, that Captain Patrick Mackay and Charles Watson are arrived in England; Yet the Papers relating to Captain Mackay are nevertheless sent you; Georgia, where the Transactions were, being the only Place for examining and stating them. But the Letter to Charles Watson is kept to give him, when he shall apply to the Trustees. And by the Copy sent you, you will see the Trustees Disposition towards him.

There are a Parcel of Working Tools and Nails, which have lain at the Trustees Office for some Years, and unclaimd by any one; Though designd for a Person intending to go over to Georgia, who never went. Which the Trustees have sent to you in a Basket, to be disposed of to those who will make a proper Use of them.


A List of Leases Grants and Conveyances of Lands made by the Trustee for establishing the Colony of Georgia in America to Persons intending to go over and cultivate the same at their own Expences.






A List of Trust Grants made for parcelling out Lots to the Inhabitants of Georgia, and for other Uses.

Date of Grants Acres
1732 October 26.
To Thomas Christie, Joseph Hughes & William Calvert, in Trust for 50 Acres to each Man, who within 12 Months from the Date shall arrive and desire the same

5,000
1733 June 11
To John Barnes, Henry Parker & Joshua Sacheverel, in Trust for 40 Acres to each Man, who within 12 Months from the Date shall arrive and desire the same

2,800
October 18
To John Ambrose, Isaac King Clarke, and Arthur Ogle Edgecombe, in Trust for 40 Acres to each Man, who within 12 Months from the Date shall arrive and desire the same

2,800

To George Buckman, Christopher Ortman, and William Sale, in Trust for 50 Acres to each Man Saltzburgher, who within 12 Months from the Date shall arrive and desire the same

2,500
1734 October 16
To Peter Gordon, Thomas Causton, Henry Parker, and Thomas Christie, in Trust for 50 Acres to each Man Saltzburgher, who within 12 Months from the Date shall arrive and desire the same

2,500
1735 Septemr. 3.
To John Brownfield, Samuel Perkins, & Thomas Procter, in Trust for 50 Acres to each Man, who within two Years from the Date shall arrive and desire the same at the new Settlement at the Alatamaha

10,000
Septemr. 24
To Thomas Causton, Henry Parker, John Dearne, and Thomas Christie, in Trust for 50 Acres to each Man settled in Georgia, who have not had proper Grants within the Terms of the several Trust Grants heretofore made and expired, and to each Man, who within two Years from the Date, shall join the Colony and desire the same

10,000

Note. The Trust Grants of 11th. June and 18th October 1733 never were executed, and only part of the other Trust Grants, or some of them were. But a Return thereof is necessary to be made to satisfy the Auditor of the Plantations.


1736 March 31
To Thomas Causton, Henry Parker, Thomas Christie, and John West, in Trust to be cultivated for the Religious Uses of the Colony, (Note no Rent reserved)

300
1737 June 6
To William Horton, Thomas Hawkins, Willes Weston, and Thomas Hird, in Trust to be cultivated in Order to raise a Maintenance for a Minister at Frederica, and for other Religious Uses (Note no Rent reserved)

300
1738 May 17
To the Bailiff of the Town of Savannah for the time being in Trust for 50 Acres to each Man, who within three Years from the Date shall arrive and desire the same To the Bailiffs of the Town of Frederica for the time being in Trust for 5 Acres to each private Soldier and Non Commissiond

3,000
1738
Officer in General Oglethropes Regiment, To hold during his continuing a Soldier and no longer; and to his Successor or his being discharged, or not continuing; And after Reduction in the whole, or in part, to revert to the Trustees

3,000
1739 June 2
To the Reverend Mr. George Whitefield in Trust for the Use of an Orphan House in Georgia at 3.- a Year Rent; The first Payment to commence on the first day of the 11th. Year from the Date

500
1739 October 10
To the Reverend Mr. John Macleod Missionary at Darien in New Inverness in Georgia, in Trust to be cultivated for the Use of the said Mission at 1.16.- a Year Rent; The first Payment to commence on the first day of the 11th. Year from the Date

300
Harman Verelst to William Stephens, Oct. 4, 1745, Gosport,11 C.O. 5/668, pp. 210-214, concerning Thomas Caustons accounts, German servants, and things sent to Ga. By the Judith, Capt. Quarme.

Sir

The following Sums being charged on Mr. Thomas Causton as received or receivable by him for the Trustees of Georgia, being advanced by them on the Credit of the Claims the following Persons had in Georgia, and to be placed to the Trustees Account as received; To which Charge Mr. Causton having objected, for that no Part of such Sums came to his Hands. I have therefore sent you Copies of the Articles, as they stand in Charge; And desire that you will transcribe them, and lay them before the special Commissioners appointed to examine and state his Account with the Trust, that they may report if the same are chargeable on the said Mr. Causton, or remain unreceived, or unaccounted for by the Persons who were to pay the same for the Trustees Use. vizt.

1736Febry 9 From the Revd. Mr. Henry Chiffille at Purysburgh, on his Bond to John Lewis Tschiffely dated 13th July last for 25.- with10 p Ct. p Ann. Interest; delivered Mr. Causton 19th November last, to intitle John Lewis Tschiffely to receive the like Value inEngland 25.-.-
March 23 From Mr. Henry Parker, by Letter of Attorney from Mary Cooper for one Years Rent of her House at Savannah from 16 June 1735 advanced her in England, to be paid in Georgia to Mr. Thomas Causton 10.10.-

1737May 7


From William Duchee by Letter of Attorney from Frances Watts, for Rent of her House at Savannah at 12.- a Year Sterling, advanced her in England, to be paid in Georgia to Mr. Thomas Causton

Herewith you receive the Contract signd by the German Servants, with a List of their names, in the same Order they have signed; And the Determination of the Trustees, appointing those who are to serve together, and those who are to serve separate, conformable to the Muster made at Gosport, pursuant to the Instructions I recd from the Trustees. You also receive the Bill of Lading and Invoice of what is consigned to you; the Invoice mentions a small light Plough bought at Gosport, which is not in the Bill of Lading, but the Captain will deliver it. The sundry Parcels for the Use of the German Servants are to be under the Care of the President and Assistants, to distribute and deliver as the said Servants shall want them to use for themselves (they being furnished for their particular Service). And the Parcels for the Saltzburghers you will please to forward to Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius at Ebenezer who has the Care of them; Which may be sent with the Revd. Mr. Hermann Henry Lemke, who comes by this Ship to go to Ebenezer, and succeeded the late Mr. [Israel] Gronau there.

The Wives of the Germans who serve as Servants with their Husbands are to have the Working Day in the Week and their Subsistance to assist in the Cultivation of the Lands allotted to their Husbands, And the Widows and unmarried Women, in Case they can have Assistance from any of the Men Servants to cultivate Lands for them towards their Maintenance when out of their time, are also to have the working Day in the Week and their Subsistance, to labour with them on such Cultivation. And on Representations being made by the President and Assistants of such Cases of Cultivation being carried on for the Benefit of Widows and unmarried Women, the Trustees will recommend it to their Common Council to grant them such Lands for their Support, as they can be able to manage, not exceeding fifty Acres to each.

20.-.-
Invoice of what is shippd on board the Judith Captain Walter Quarme, and consigned to William Stephens Esqr. at Savannah in Georgia, by Bill of Lading dated the 12th. of September 1745. vizt. For the Use of the German Servants on board the p said Ship.



In a Cask No. (1) 15 broad Axes, 30 lopping Axes, 30 Grubbing Hoes, 10 best welded eyed broad Hoes, 10 best welded eyd narrow Hoes, and 2 Smiths Sledge Hammers.

In a Cask No. (2) 30 Claw Hammers, 15 best bright drawing Knives, 30 Shoemakers Awls sorted, 20 Wooden Dishes, 3 Wooden Platters, 3 1/2 dozen Trenchers, 10 smoothing Planes, 12 Gimblets sorted, 12 helved Hatchetts, 15 3/4 Inch Augurs, 6 inch & 1/2 Augurs, 4 Floodgate Box Irons & Heaters at 4s each, 4 more Do at 4s/6d each, 4 more Do at 5s/6 each, 15 broad Chissels, 15 Picking Gouges, 3 dozen & 6 pair Steel Shoe Buckles at 3d a pair, 2 dozen 2 pair Do. at 5d a pair, 6 pair large Sizars, 18 Razors, 2 Shingling Nails, 1 large Lath Nails, 18 pds. Rose, 150 6 inch Spikes, & 10 pair of Potthooks.

In a Cask No. (3) 20 Plough Shares & Coulters.

On a Board with Canvas & Cord No. (4) 3, 6 1/2 foot Steel X Cutt Saws whett & sett, 3; 7 foot Do. 2, 7 1/2 foot Steel Pitt Saws whett & sett, 2 Tillers to them, 2 Boxes to them, 6 Pitt Saw Files, 12 Cross Cut Saw Do. 6 more larger, & 8 best Steel Saw Setts.

In Canvas with a Board & Cord No. (5) 30 Handsaws fixt to work, 3 doz. Files to Do. 1 doz.Setts to Do. & 30 long Seyths.

In Canvas No. (6), 10 Frying Pans.

In Canvas No. (7) 15 Steel Spades.

In Canvas No. (8) 15 Steel Spades larger

In Canvas No. (9) 18 Iron Rakes fixt to work.

Loose, 3 Washing Kettles, and 20 small Iron Potts.

In a Case with Hinges, Lock & Key 30 Muskets 3 foot & 10 inches proved Barrels, Walnut Stocks, Bridle Locks, Brass Furniture, in 30 List Cases; And 200 Flints.

In 6 small Barrels or Kegs, 2 Cwt. Bullets, and 1 Cwt. Bristol Shott and Gunpowder in 3 half Barrels. For the Saltzburghers at Ebenezer, to the Care of the Reverend Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius.


In a Cask No. (1) 20 Plow Shares & Coulters made to Jethro Tulls Pattern, 4 dozen Scyths sorted, 3 Brass Plates for Watchmakers, 2 Groce of Shoemakers Awl Blades; & 6 Cutting Knives with Handles.

In Canvas No. (2) 1 Cwt. black Iron Plate sorted for Stoves.

Loose. 1 Straw Knife fixt with a Frame &c. A Box of Medicines directed for Mr. Bolzius.

HBE. 2 Cases from Hambrough.

And

EBENEZER.
1 Case from Amsterdam.

And for William Stephens Esqr. for the Use of the Colony.

A Machine for winding Silk and a small Copper for the

Silk Balls.

A Basket of Wrought Iron.

And a Box with Books, Papers and Letters


Besides which, there was bought at Gosport; and shipped there for the Use of the German Servants, a small light Plough.


And shipped also for Use in the Voyage.

A small Box of Medicines with Directions.
10 Bushels of Potatoes
10 Bushels of Turnips
5 Bushels of Onions
3 half hhds. of Vinegar, and two Brushes to sprinkle it between Decks.
The Determination of the Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia in America the 19th. of August 1745, appointing those of the German Servants12 to be shipped on board the Judith Captain Walter Quarme for Georgia who are to serve together, and those who are to serve separate. vizt.

To serve together To serve separate

John Windall Brakefield & Elizabeth his Wife, together with a Fatherless Boy named Conrad Philip Ulman aged 7 until fit to be put out separate.

Matthias West & Magdalena his Wife

Maria Ratien, the Wifes Sister of Matthias West, and Anne Dorothy her Daughter aged 7, until fit to be put out separate.

Jacob Ports and Magdalena his Wife

Catharina, the Mother of Matthias West.

Nicholas Litola

John Gasper Walthour

Jacob Gasper Walthour aged 14

George Michael Walthour aged 13

Salma Linebaker aged 11

George Adam Linebaker aged 10

Christopher Conradt Walthour

George Jacob Walthour

Margaret Barbara Walthour

John Martin


Jonas Mick and Anna Maria his Wife.

John Michael Boorman & Maria Effa his Wife, together with Jacob Yakeley his Apprentice aged 6, until fit to be out seprate.

Malachi Miller & Margaretta his Wife.

Jacob Kusmoul & Sevila his Wife

Jacob Illy and Agnes his Wife.

John Martin

John Staley & Marian his Wife.


Andreas Illy aged 13.

William Illy aged 10.

Michael Illy.

Jacob Illy junr.

John Philip Ports

Gottlieb Staley aged 16.

Philip Jacob Staley aged 12.

Frederick Staley aged 10.

John Staley junr.

Magdalen Staley.


Jacob Harman & Dorothea his Wife.


Ulrick Shaaf

Christopher Wyssenbakher.


Thomas Richard & Elizabeth his Wife.


Michael Richard aged 16

Peter Richard aged 13.

Laurence Richard aged 9

Iscariot Richard

William Richard

Anna Maria Wyssengert


Anna Catharina Knippling, her Son Jacob aged 6, and her Daughter Anna Margaret aged 9, until each of them are respectively fit to be put out separate from her.


Martin Knippling aged 13

Anna Catharina Knippling aged 11.


Jacob Wyssenbakher & Margaret his Wife.


Barbara Raagin

Maria Clora Frideling

John Adam Frideling aged 12

Frederick Fridling

Margaret Zoning

Barbara Zoning


Hans George Pett & Catharina his Wife, and their Daughter Rosina aged 8, until fit to be put out separate.


Michael Pett aged 12

Gasper Pett

By Order of the said Trustees Harman Verelst Accotant


Harman Verelst to William Stephens, Oct. 24, 1745, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 214, sending grapevine cuttings. By the Judith, Capt. Quarme.

Sir

By the Ship Judiths Detention by contrary Winds I had an Opportunity of sending the Earl of Egmonts Benefaction for your Self & those Inhabitants in the Northern part of Georgia who will make a right Use of them, a Tub containing Five hundred and fifty Vine Cuttings. There was not time to label them, but those with Yellow Wood are most of the white Muscadine Sort, and those with blacker Wood are most of them Burgundy with black Muscadines &c. I hope they will come in good Order, being so seasonably shipped.

The like to Major William Horton for himself and the Inhabitants in the Southern part of Georgia.


Benjamin Martyn to William Stephens, Oct. 28, 1745, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 215, telling of James Billinghursts interest in an island in Ga. By the Judith, Capt. Quarme.

Sir

Mr. James Billinghurst and his Family, who came over with General Oglethorpe are gone to Gasport to return to the Colony of Georgia by the Ship Judith, in Order to settle there. Before Billinghurst went, he desired a Grant of the little Island opposite to Mr. Noble Joness Fort.

The Trustees therefore desire that you will inform them whether any Grant of the said Island has been made to any other Person, and whether you have any Objection to their granting the same to Billinghurst; Or whether it is proper or not for them from the Situation of the Place, to part with it out of their own Hands.


Benjamin Martyn to the Rev. Dr. Philip Bearcroft, Oct. 28, 1745, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 215, informing him of the return of the Rev. Thomas Bosomworth to England.

Sir

The Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia has been much surprised at the Return of their Missionary the Revd. Mr. [Thomas] Bosomworth to England, without their Privity or Consent; And as they have received the Assistance of the Society for propagating the Gospel for supporting him in Georgia; They think it incumbent on them to take this first Opportunity of their Meeting, after a long Adjournment, of acquainting them with his Return, And have therefore ordered me to transmit to you the inclosed Letter which they have just received from him.


Benjamin Martyn to the Bishop of London, Nov. 1, 1745, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 215, requesting that payment be made to the Rev. Bartholomew Zouberbuhler, their missionary to Savannah.

My Lord

The Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia, having appointed the Revd. Mr. Bartholomew Zouberbuhler to succeed the Revd. Mr. [Thomas] Bosomworth, as their Missionary at the Town of Savannah in Georgia; They desire your Lordship will be pleased to send a Letter in his Favour to the Right Honble the Lords Commissioners of His Majestys Treasury, that the Sum of 20 as usual to Missionaries to the Plantations, may be paid to him.


Benjamin Martyn to William Stephens, Nov. 1, 1745, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 216, informing him of the appointment of the Rev. Mr. Bartholomew Zouberbuhler as a missionary to Savannah. By the Judith, Capt. Quarme.

Sir

The Reverend Mr. [Thomas] Bosomworth having quitted the Colony without Consent, or even Knowledge, of the Trustees; and having intimated, that he has no Intention of returning to perform his Duty as their Missionary at Savannah; They have appointed the Revd. Mr. Barth. Zouberbuhler to succeed him. He has been ordained Deacon and Priest by the Bishop of London, and besides being acquanted with the Country seems to be well qualified for the Office, as he is Master of the German Language, and has some Knowledge of the French; He readily offers to officiate in those Languages for the Germans and French, who are Inhabitants in and near Savannah, according to the Ceremonies of the Church of England.

The Trustees desire you will give Mr. Zouberbuhler all the Countenance and Assistance you can in Order to make his Duty as easy, and his Residence there as agreable as possible.

Mr. [Harman] Verelst will write fully to you about the Servants allotted to him, for the Cultivation of Lands for Religious Uses.


Harman Verelst to William Stephens, Nov. 2, 1745, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 216-217, sending matter on Patrick Mackays accounts and outlining Bartholomew Zouberburhlers duties and servants for.

Sir

Captain Patrick Mackay having been in England at a time when no meeting of the Trustees happend while he staid, and being returned to America on board the Hector Captain Rodger, left for the Trustees a Letter with sundry Papers, and an Accompt newly stated by him with new Claims; I have therefore, by the Trustees Order, sent you a Copy of that Accompt and the new Claims for the Consideration of the Commissioners, to whom his Accots. are referred, as also a Copy of my Report to the Trustees on the Perusal of his said Letter and Papers; for the Information of the said Commissioners, on the Matters arising from such Perusal.

The Reverend Mr. Bartholomew Zouberbuhler, being appointed Successor to Mr. [Thomas] Bosomworth is to have the Use of the Parsonage House and Furniture, and Library at Savannah; He engages to officiate, not only in English, but in German and French, according to the Rules of the Church of England, which he may do at different Hours at Savannah, the Villages of Acton and Vernonburgh, where the Germans are settled, be not so far distant but that they may come to Savannah, and he will visit them occasionally as the Service shall require.

The Trustees direct that he should have two of the German Servants of those in the Ship Judith he comes over with, to be employed in cultivating the 300d Acres of Land for Religious Uses at Savannah; He being Missionary on the same Terms as Mr. [Thomas] Bosomworth was. The Maintenance and Cloathing of which two Servants are in the Trustees Estimate. And Mr. Zouberbuhler will endeavour to hasten the Cultivation of the said 300d Acres, with those Servants, to ease as soon as possible the Incorporated Society from the 50 a Year Salary they pay, in Aid to the Trustees.


Benjamin Martyn to the Rev. Mr. Thomas Bosomworth, Nov. 5, 1745, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 217, accepting his resignation as missionary to Savannah.

Sir

Your Letter to Mr. [Harman] Verelst, dated York October 12th. 1745 has been laid before the Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia. They could not but be surprised at your having left the Colony without their Consent or Privity; However, as they lookd on your Letter as a Resignation of the Office of their Missionary, they have ordered me to acquaint you with their Consent to it, and that in Consequence thereof they have appointed another Gentleman to succeed you, who is already embarkd, and who has undertaken to fix his Residence altogether at Savannah.


Benjamin Martyn to the Rev. Dr. Philip Bearcroft, Nov. 11, 1745, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 217, asking 50 a year payment to Bartholomew Zouberbuhler as missionary to Savannah.

Sir

The Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia have ordered me to send to you immediately their Memorial to the Incorporated Society for propagating the Gospel that the Allowance of 50 p Ann. which was granted to the Reverend Mr. Thomas Bosomworth the Missionary at Savannah, may be transferred to the Reverend Mr. Bartholomew Zouberbuhler, and they desire youll lay it before the Society at their first Meeting.


Benjamin Martyn to John Terry at Frederica, Dec. 23, 1745, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 218-219, concerning Terrys suspension from office and his other problems. By the Loyal Katherine, Capt. White, in care of William Stephens in Ga.

Sir

The Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia in America have received the Copy of your Letter dated May 3d 1745, and likewise your Letter of July 11th. 1745.

In your last you acknowledge the Receipt of the Trustees Order intimating that Mr. [John] Calwells Office of Bailiff, and yours of Recorder of the Town of Frederica were both suspended. Upon this you have stated several Queries, to which the Trustees have ordered me to return you the following Answers.

You desire to know how far you have executed your Duty, and whether you have or have not acted according to the Trustees Orders. It was not for any Breach of Duty, or any Suspicion, that Mr. Calwell and you had acted contrary to the Trustees Directions that you were both suspended. But it was owing to the absence of the other two Bailiffs, who came to England without the Consent or Knowledge of the Trustees, by which (as I acquainted you then) the Administration of Justice it Self in that Part of the Province became suspended; So that the Powers of the Town Court ceasing, your Offices ceased of Course. And you must remember, that both Mr. Calwell and you represented to the Trustees the Difficulties or rather Impossibilities you lay under of executing your Offices, by the interposing of the Military Power.

You ask whether you are to receive, or whether the Trustees think, that any Money is due to you from the Salvors [Labours?]13 As this Affair has not been fully laid before the Trustees, they can give no Determination upon it. You must therefore apply to the President and Assistants, who, it is not to be doubted, will do Justice to all Parties concernd in that Transaction.

You desire to know whether you must continue in the Office of Register. To this I am directed to answer, that your appointment of Register was not an Act of the Trustees, nor was it with their Knowledge, and consequently they are not to pay any Salary for it; As they had appointed a Register for the whole Province, who is stationd at Savannah, it properly fell under your Office of Correspondent with the President at Savannah (for which you had a Salary) to transmit the Registry of the Southern part of the Province to him.

You ask whether you shall be paid your Salary as Recorder. To this the Trustees have ordered me to answer, you will undoubtedly be paid to the 14th. of June being the Time when you received the Order of Suspension, but no longer.

You say immediately after, that you dont know what Course you are to proceed upon. The Trustees thought, they had fully explaind themselves upon that Head in my former Letter to you. vizt. That since the Administration of Civil Government was suspended at Frederica, and as you had represented in a very ample manner the Affronts you received from, and the Hardships, and even Danger you was exposed to among the Military Officers there. They were willing to provide for you in the best manner they could at Savannah, where you would be more sure of Protection; And for this End they ordered a Lot of Land to be made out and granted you there, and told you they had it in their Thoughts to provide for you in some Office upon a Vacancy.

If you have not yet been sufferd to pass to Savannah, and find your Self still restraind by Captain [William] Horton, or others; You must apply to the President and Assistants, who have the Direction of the Civil Affairs for the whole Province, who will have Instructions sent to them about it.


Harman Verelst to William Stephens, March 1, 1745/6, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 219-221, concerning Trustee finances in Ga., appointment of bailiffs and assistants, appointment of Bartholomew Zouberbuhler as missionary to Savannah, capture of Stephens correspondence, copies of Stephens journal and proceedings of the President and Assistants desired. By the Loyal Katherine, Capt. White.

Sir

The Trustees hope that long before the Receipt of this Letter, you have by Captain Quarme recd their Letters of 19th. August, the 4th. and 24th. October, and 2d November last, with the 500 in their Sola Bills towards the Supply of their estimated Expences in Georgia to Lady Day next. They have now sent you a Bill for 300 drawn by Mr. John Tuckwell on Mr. [John] Pye at Savannah, out of Money in his Hands for the said Mr. Tuckwells Use, which when received you are to charge your Self with, and send Advice thereof to the Trustees; And you are to apply the same in further part of the estimated Expences before mentioned.

There will be sent you by the first safe Conveyance 500 more in the Trustees Sola Bills which with the Money Mr. [William] Hopton has recd, and was to charge himself with against his Services for the Trust, will fully answer the Trustees said estimated Expences to Lady Day next.

The Exigencies of the Government in the present War are such, that it was with Difficulty the Trustees could obtain a small Supply for defraying the Charges of the Civil Government, and all other Expences of the Trust whatever in England, as well as in Georgia, Which must be managed with the greatest Frugality; It being no more than 4,000 and to last two Years. For the Publick do expect, that in a reasonable Course of Time (as so much has been given for the supporting this Colony) the Inhabitants should find Means to support themselves. And the Trustees think it necessary to remind you, that the Government of the Colony will remain in them no longer than the Expiration of the 21 Years from the 9th. of June 1732, the Date of their Charter, which is about seven Years to come; When the Management of it will revert to the Crown. You are therefore to stir up the Inhabitants to a proper Industry in the Cultivation of their Lands, and raising Produces, that no Defict may happen for Want thereof.

Mr. Charles Watson having resignd his Offices of second Bailiff and Assistant at Savannah, the Trustees have settled with him all his Demands on them, and on the 17th. of January last he executed to them a Release; Mr. William Spencer will therefore succeed him as second Bailiff; And you are desired to let the Trustees know, if either Mr. [Samuel] Marcer or Mr. [Patrick] Graham who at present are only assistants, will execute the Office of 3d Bailiff in the Room of Mr. William Spencer; In which Case Mr. James Bull, who went over with the Germans on board the Judith (if you find him qualified) may be recommended to be an Assistant. The Incorporated Society for propagating the Gospel in Foreign Parts have agreed to pay the Reverend Mr. [Bartholomew] Zouberbuhler, who went Missionary to Savannah in Georgia with Captain Quarme, in the Room of Mr. [Thomas] Bosomworth 50 a Year from Michaelmas last; and with this you receive a Parcel from the said Society for him, whose Correspondence with them may come with you Conveyances to the Trustees, to be delivered to the Secretary of the said Society. And herewith you receive Mr. Zouberbuhlers Appointment from the Trustees dated 1st. November last under the Corporation Seal.

Mr. Zouberbuhler is wrote to by this Conveyance relating to the Sum of 22.1.- he desired the Trustees to advance for him on his going away, to satisfy some Demands on him; and the Trustees are pleased to order no more than 12.10.- of his Salary payable by the Incorporated Society from Michaelmas to Christmas last, to be applied towards reimbursing the said Advance, and to allow him the 9.11.- Remainder with the other Sums already paid him for his sudden Out Set to Georgia. I have therefore desired him to send me a Draught for the said 12.10.- on the Treasurer to the said Society, to make good the same to me, who stands answerable to Mr. Zouberbuhlers Creditors.

On the 26th. of last month I received a Letter from Mr. William Hopton of Charles Town dated 23d. of November before, advising me of two small Boxes he had forwarded from you, the one in October last by the Mercury Captain Thomas Wilkinson, and the other by the Ship Prince William Captain Pick, which were both taken, tho the said Letter by accident was saved. And the Trustees have not received any Letter from you since that dated 30th. April last, which was received 2d. August following.

Your Journal from 25th December 1744 to 26th. February following, and the Proceedings of the President and Assistants from 23d November 1744 to 23d February following, which the Trustees received in July last, having been by some Accident mislaid; You are desired to send Copies of them.


Harman Verelst to William Stephens, March 10, 1745/6, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 221, sending sola bills. By the Loyal Katherine, Capt. White.

Sir

Since writing the foregoing, the Trustees being informed that the Loyal Katherine Captn. White was under Contract to sail with the West India or Cape Breton Convoy whereby a safe Conveyance offered for sending the 500 more in the Trustees Sola Bills before mentioned, to compleat the Trustees estimated Expences in Georgia to Lady Day next; Herewith you receive the same, consisting of 500d of 1.- each No. 10,501 to No. 11,000 dated the 5th. instant, and filled up to your Self, Mr. Henry Parker and Mr. William Spencer, or any two of them to issue for the Purpous aforesaid. They are in a Box directed to you, and consignd to Mr. William Hopton at Charles Town, which the Trustees hope will come safe to Hand.

[Note on file copy of letter.]

Sent the 2d. Bill of the 300 Sett & Extract of the above by the Betsey Captain Meredith 5 April 1746.


Harman Verelst to the Rev. Bartholomew Zouberbuhler, March 1, 1745/6, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 221-222, telling of his salary payment and repayment of money advanced by Trustees before he left England. By the Loyal Katherine, Capt. White.

Reverend Sir

This accompanies a Parcel from the Incorporated Society for propagating the Gospel in Foreign parts, and also acquaints you that the said Society have agreed to pay you, in the Room of Mr. [Thomas] Bosomworth, Fifty pounds a year as Missionary to Savannah from Michaelmas last.

Your Appointment from the Trustees is sent to William Stephens Esqr. to deliver you, and they have been pleased to order, that only 12.10.- of your said Salary from Michaelmas to Christmas last, shall be applied towards the Reimbursement of the 22.1.- you desired them to advance to your Creditors on your leaving England; and the 9.11.- Residue, the Trustees have allowed you as part and in Addition to what they have already paid for your sudden Out Set in their Service to Georgia. For which 12.10.- please to draw a Sett of Bills of Exchange payable to me or Order, on the Treasurer to the said Incorporated Society to reimburse me that Value paid for you in London on your Setting out for Georgia; And send one of the said Sett by different Conveyances until you hear of my Receipt thereof.

You will therefore have your Salary from Christmas last for your own Use, and the Maintenance of the two Servants clear for their being employed in the Cultivation of Land as directed. Please to remember to correspond with the Trustees by every Opportunity and also observe the Instructions sent you by the Incorporated Society.

[P.S.] Herewith you have an Extract of a Letter Mr. Diespech received from St. Gall concerning what he wrote about the Remittance you expected.


Benjamin Martyn to William Stephens, March 10, 1745/6, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 222-223, concerning lack of correspondence from Ga., Parliamentary grant, Stephens to urge people to be industrious, cowpen at Old Ebenezer, Salzburgers and silk culture, and William Spencers appointment as bailiff. By the Loyal Katherine, Capt. White; by the Betsey, Capt. Joseph Meredith.

Sir

As the Trustees have received no Letters from you of a fresher Date than the 30th. of April last; They are impatient to receive some Account of the State of the Colony. The Uncertainty of Correspondence is so great, by the Number of Carolina Ships that are taken, that you see it is absolutely necessary, that Copies of all Letters from you should be sent by every Conveyance till you hear they are arrived in England, still remembering to give the proper Directions, to every Captain to throw the Packet overboard in Case of his Ships being taken.

The Trustees have obtained a small Supply from Parliament this Year for the Support of the Civil Government in Georgia, and all other Expences of the Trust whatsoever. The Sum is 4000 for two Years. The Exigencies of the Government made it difficult to obtain even this, and the Difficulty may, and probably will, be still greater than at present, unless the Parliament see, by the Produces raised in Georgia, and a greater Progress in them than has yet been made, that the Nation is like to reap the Benefit of having planted and supported the Colony to this time, and that some Returns will be made for the Money they have granted; For this Reason, the Trustees desire you will neglect no Opportunity of inciting the People to be industrious in the Cultivation of their Lands, and laying before them the Advantages, and even the Necessity of their being able in some time to support the Civil Government themselves, for if the Parliament should cease to support it, before they are enabled, the Consequences will be very unhappy. This Argument however must be used with great Caution, to quicken their Industry only, but not to frighten them, or give them Room to think their Labour will be unprofitable; Therefore the Trustees think it proper to remind you, without alarming the People with it, that the Government of the Colony will remain in them but a few Years longer.

As the Supply is so small, it must be managed you are sensible with the utmost Frugality; Whatever Savings can be made in the Extimate, you must acquaint the Trustees with. This leads them to enquire in what manner the Cowpen at Old Ebenezer is managed, and of what Use it is to the Trust, to oblige them to be at such an Expence about it. The Increase of Cattle there must be very great. They want therefore to know how these Cattle are disposed of. You have mentioned in some of your Letters, that at Captain [William] Hortons Desire, some Cattle were killd and barrelld up, in Order to be sold to him for the Use of the Army; But as no Account has been transmitted of what Money has been received from him, or how it has been applied, the Trustees desire you will send one.

As you informed the Trustees some time ago, that many of the People, especially the Saltzburghers, were disposed to learn the Art of winding Silk, and did not doubt but they could attain it without the Instruction of Mrs. [Jane Mary] Camuse; And as the Trustees sent over for this Purpose Machines and Books to instruct them in the Art, they desire to know what Progress any of them have made. If they have succeeded, or are in a way of succeeding a Saving may undoubtedly be made with Regard to Mrs. Camuse, who has not made good her Engagements with the Trustees for instructing the People. Youll therefore, Sir, by the first Opportunity write about it.

Mr. Charles Watson having resignd his Offices of 2d Bailiff and Assistant, Mr. William Spencer is to succeed him as 2d Bailiff. As Mr. [Harman] Verelst has wrote to you about finding a proper Person to succeed Mr. Spencer, it is needless for me to enlarge on it.


Benjamin Martyn to the Gov. and Council of S. C., April 3, 1746, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 223-224, asking if Ga. correspondence may be sent through them. By the Betsey, Capt. Meredith.

Gentlemen

The Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia are truly sensible, how requisite it is for the mutual Welfare of both the Provinces of South Carolina and Georgia, that a good Understanding should be established between them; As their Situation is contiguous, their Interests are in a manner connected, their Safety is dependant each on the other, and their Friends and Enemies are the same. The Trustees have, and will in all their Proceedings shew, that these are their Sentiments, and in a firm Persuasion that you are in the same Way of Thinking, they have ordered me to acquaint you with a Difficulty they lye under, and to desire your Assistance in it. For some time past, the Correspondence between them and their Officers in Georgia has in a manner ceased, and as they have great Reasons to believe it has not been owing to any Negligence in their President and Assistants, who have Orders to write by every Opportunity, they can impute it only to some unseen Stops in the Channel, tho which their Correspondence used to be conveyed. It being therefore of the utmost Importance to the Colony, that the Trustees should have frequent and full Information of the State of it, they hope you will be pleased for a time to receive and inclose, in yours to England, the Dispatches from Georgia to them, and to transmit to Savannah the Letters and Parcels directed thither from the Trustees; And whatever Expences may attend this, Mr. William Stephens the President at Savannah will have Orders to defray.

If Gentlemen, you will be so kind as to let Mr. Stephens know your Resolution, and put him in a Way of sending with the most Secrecy his Packets to you, the Trustees will look on it as an additional Obligation.


Benjamin Martyn to William Stephens, April 4, 1746, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 224, informing him that Ga. mail is to go through the Gov. and Council of S.C. By the Betsey, Capt. Meredith.

Sir

The Trustees having received no Letters from you of a fresher Date than last April, while Letters from other Persons in the Province find their Way hither; and knowing your Punctuality and Care, they cannot but think some Misfortunes attend your Packets particularly in the Conveyance. To remedy which, they have desired the Governor and Council of South Carolina, to permit yours to the Trust, and those from the Trust to you, to pass thro their Hands, and under their Covers. I have inclosed for your Perusal a Copy of the Letter to the Governor and Council, you will see by this that whatever Expences may attend the Conveyance of the Letters in this manner must be defrayed by you; It will be proper therefore for you to acquaint the Governor and Council, that you have received Orders for such Purpose.

You will receive herewith a Copy of my last Letter to you dated March 10th. 1745 [1745/6].


Benjamin Martyn to John Dobell, April 4, 1746, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 225, acknowledging receipt of his letter of Oct. 29, 1745. By the Betsey, Capt. Meredith.

Sir

Your Letter dated October 29th. 1745 relating to the Indian Traders has been received, and laid before the Trustees; Who as yet have only given Orders for my acknowledging the Receipt of yours.


Benjamin Martyn to William Stephens, July 18, 1746, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 225-228, concerning nonreceipt of letters from Ga., land for Salzburgers beyond Ebenezer Creek, Salzburgers mill and sale of lumber, Stephens thoughts on permitting rum in Ga., conditions in Ga. expecially silk production, Trustees cowpen and cattle, gifts to Salzburgers, land for religious purposes at Ebenezer, claim of Robert Parker to certain land, no Negroes to be allowed in Ga. By Charles Watson, a passenger on the Success, Capt. Thomson.

Sir

The Trustees have received Packets of Letters by different Ships from several Persons in the Colony, and they cannot but think it very unfortunate that all yours by some Fatality should miscarry; For except one short Letter dated the 22d of February last sent to Mr. [Harman] Verelst, in Relation to a Bill of Mr. [John] Tuckwells, they have not received any from you of a later Date than last April twelve month. They desire therefore that you will send them Copies of all such Letters as you have wrote to them since that time, and that you will make it a Rule to send them for the future Copies of all your Letters, till you hear they are received by the Trustees. They hope the Method which they have taken to procure your Letters to be sent with the Governor of South Carolinas Packets will prove a better and safer Channel than your Letters have hitherto come thro.

Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius has, in favour of the Saltzburghers, made an Application to the Trustees that the Land lying beyond Ebenezer Creek now in the Possession of the Uchee Indians, may be procured for and granted to them, in Order that the Settlement may be enlarged for the Reception of other Saltzburghers, who may go thither, and that they may be more secure from the Robberies of the Indians, by these being removed to a greater Distance; The Trustees therefore order that you and the assistants do find means to know whether the Uchees are disposed (as the Trustees are informed they are) to settle in any other Place, and to part with that Land by Ebenezer Creek; And what Presents they will expect in Return for their quitting it to the Trustees. And if you find the Presents are moderate, and can be easily purchased by you, then you must enter into an Agreement with them for the Land; You must not however exceed the Sum of Fifty pounds Sterling for the same, and must endeavour to purchase it as much cheaper as you can. This Land must afterwards be surveyd, and upon Mr. Bolziuss Petition to you and the Assistants must be run out, & annexed to the Settlement of Ebenezer, and appropriated for the Reception of other Saltzburghers. Upon your transmitting the Account of this Transaction afterwards to the Trustees, the agreement will be ratifyed by them, as likewise the Grant of the Land to the Saltzburghers.

The Trustees have resolved that the six Brasses, which were lent from the Store to Mr. Bolzius, be given to the Saltzburghers; You will be pleased therefore to let him know, the Trustees have sent their Directions for that Purpose. It is with great pleasure they see that the Saltzburghers have brought their Saw Mill to Perfection. It is to be hopd such an Example of Industry will have its proper Influence on other Inhabitants of the Province, especially when they come to see the Saltzburghers reaping the Fruits of their Industry. By Mr. Bolziuss account the Mill, with two Saws, will saw above One thousand feet of Boards in twenty four Hours. This, besides enabling them to build their Houses with greater Ease and Dispatch, may prove a very profitable Branch of Trade, not only to them, but the whole Province. In Order to this, it will be right to think of some Method for procuring Ships from the Sugar Colonies to come to Savannah for Lumber. The Trustees desire to know your Opinion, whether the Prohibition of Rum has been effectual, if it is not generally drunk in the Province, and whether admitting it to be brought from those Plantations by Way of Barter for Lumber will contribute to the Drinking of it more than at present; and if it should be admitted, what Restrictions you think may be of Service.

The Trustees desire you will send them as full accounts of the Province as possible by the first Opportunity; They want very much to be informed of the State of it, what Disposition the People are in at Savannah, whether they apply themselves more to cultivating their Plantations than they usd, what Progress is made in the Silk Business, whether any of the People understand as yet the Art of winding off the Silk, and whether Mrs. [Jane Mary] Camuse has made good her Agreement for instructing them to the Satisfaction of your Self and the Assistants; If She has not, there can be no Reason for continuing that Part of the Estimate, which makes her an Allowance for it.

I must repeat to you in this Letter, what I wrote May 10th. 1743, and the 10th of March last, that the Trustees want to know what Use the Cowpen is of, and whether it is necessary for them to be at such an Expence for it; The Increase of the Cattle there must be very great. The Trustees therefore desire to know what Number there was by the last Return, which the Cowpenkeeper made of them. Tho it might be right to employ such a Man at the beginning of the Colony, and when large Imbarkations might be expected, there can be no Reason for it at present, unless by a Sale of the Cattle, and applying the Money arising from it to the Use of the Trust, it may be thought necessary to continue him. And here the Trustees desire to be informd, whether the Money has been received, and what the Sum, from Major [William] Horton for the Cattle which you formerly mentioned to be sold to him for the Use of the Regiment; And what has in general been received from him or others upon account of any Sale of them. The Trustees are very glad that you gave Orders to [Christopher] Hopkins the Cow-penkeeper, not to disturb or give Offence to the Saltzburghers or the Keeper of their Cattle; and they hope you will repeat them, whenever it may be necessary.

Mr. [Harman] Verelst, by a Letter dated May 20th. 1743 acquainted you that for an Encouragement to the Saltzburghers, the Trustees did remit the Sum of 37 Sterling due from them. They hereby repeat their Orders, and desire you will acquaint Mr. Bolzius, that the said Sum is released and discharged. The Trustees likewise order that the Money due to the Saltzburghers for the Silk Balls, which they carried to the Store, be paid to them.

As no Land has yet been appropriated at Ebenezer in Order to be cultivated for raising a Support for the Ministers there, & others concerned in the Care and Education of the Saltzburghers; The Trustees order that the Surveyor be sent thither, and that he be directed to run out 500 Acres to be cultivated for Religious and Charitable Purposes, in such Place at Ebenezer as Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius shall appoint.

The Trustees find that a District of Land at the Mill River at Ebenezer has been said to belong to young Mr. [Robert] Parker, when Mr. Bolzius has applied for the same to be added to the Settlement at Ebenezer. The Trustees never made a Grant of this Land to Robert Parker the Elder or his Son. It is true that the Father, of his own Head, without any authority from the Trustees, built a Saw Mill upon this Land; And afterwards by a Letter dated December 24th. 1734 he applied to Mr. [Robert] Hucks (lately deceased) one of the Trustees for a large Scope of Land thereabouts, and insisted, that he should have Liberty to employ one or two Negro Servants for every fifty Acres. This being a Condition to which the Trustees could never give their Consent, they made no such Grant and the said Robert Parker the Father soon came to England, and never afterwards returned to Georgia. Robert Parker, the Son, by his Marriage with the Widow of William Sale had a Claim to a Grant of 300 Acres of Land, and thinking that by Virtue of this Grant (as he says in a Letter to the Trustees dated March 3d. 1734) he might settle upon any Land that was not already surveyd, he and his Servants accordingly went up to Mill Bluff, where his Father had erected the Saw Mill; and of his own Head likewise, without any Authority from the Trustees or any commissiond by them to authorize him, he erected a large Hut of Clapboards upon the said Land; But Mr. Thomas Causton, one of the Magistrates, and Mr. Noble Jones the Surveyor, then acquainted him, that if he offerd to settle there, they would chop or burn down his Hut, and opposd him to the utmost. It is evident therefore that so far from having granted the said Land, the Trustees and their Officers have both refused it. Besides, if there had been any Grant of the said Land to either of the said Parkers, it never has been cultivated, and is therefore forfeited of Course. The said Robert Parker the Son has likewise left the Colony many Years. As therefore it must be extreamly inconvenient to the Saltzburghers, whose Settlement will be continually extending, to have a large Tract of Land in the midst of them possessd by one who does not belong to them; The Trustees will never give their Consent to Robert Parkers enjoying the same, nor will they ever grant it to any but the Saltzburghers. They therefore order it to be run out, and added to their Settlement.

The Trustees are surprized to find that any Expectations are still kept up among the People of their being allowd the Use of Negroes. They desire that you and the assistants will take all Opportunities to discourage the same, and to convince the People that their own Industry will prove much more useful1 to them; and that if they were once permitted to have Slaves, they would soon become such themselves, by being Debtors to the Negro Merchants.


Benjamin Martyn to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, July 15, 1746, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 229-230, concerning Salzburger industry, Chretien Von Munch, Salzburger mill and silk production, land desired beyond Ebenezer Creek, Bolzius reasons against Negroes in Ga., land for Salzburger religious and charitable purposes, and Salzburgers forgiven store debt. By Charles Watson, a passenger on the Success, Capt. Thomson.

Sir

Your Packet of Letters dated in January and February last has been received. That, which was sent to my Care for Mr. [Friedrich Michael] Ziegenhagen, has been delivered to him. Your Letter likewise to Mr. [James] Vernon and all the rest as directed. Your Letters to Mr. [Harman] Verelst and my Self have been laid before the Trustees, who have ordered me to acquaint you with the Pleasure which they take in your Conduct, and the accounts which you send them from time to time of the Saltzburghers and the Comfort and Quiet in which they live. The Industry which they shew, being the best Foundation for their Happiness, is the most gratefull Return which they can make for the Trustees Care of them. The Trustees have writ as you desired to Mr. [Chretien] Von Munch, at Augsburgh, to return their Thanks for his Kindness and Benefactions to the Saltzburghers. They have likewise resolved to elect him a Trustee, if he has no Objection, as they hope he has not. The Trustees are very glad that the Saw Mill is brought to Perfection, and they have given Orders that the six Brasses which were lent from the Store at Savannah for the Use of it, be given for that Purpose. They are much pleasd with your Promise to promote as much as possible the Silk Business, and encourage the Saltzburgh Women to attain the Art of winding of Silk. This will be the chief, if not the only Work of Difficulty in it, and when they have got over this, which with Care and Perseverance theyll certainly do, theyll soon reap the Profits of it.

The Trustees are very well disposd to procure the Land which you mention beyond Ebenezer Creek, as necessary both for the Safety and enlarging of your Settlement, but it must be procurd from the Uchy Indians by gentle means and by Treaty; They send over therefore by this Conveyance, Directions to the President and Assistants to take the proper Methods for purchasing this Land of those Indians. It will be right therefore Sir, for you to present a Petition to the President and Assistants, describing the Tract of Land and desiring the same, when purchasd & surveyd, may be granted as an addition to the Settlement at Ebenezer, and may be run out and appropriated for the Reception of such other Saltzburghers as may be inclind to go over and inhabit there; This being sent over to the Trustees, they will grant the Land accordingly.

The Trustees are very glad that you found the good Effects of their recommending you and your People to the President and Assistants at Savannah; and they have no Doubt but you will always meet with Justice and Protection there, as you may always depend on the Care and Affection of the Trustees.

They are much pleased with your Letter to Mr. [George] Whitefield; Your Reasons against admitting Negroes into the Colony are good ones, and they are glad to find that they had a proper Effect on Mr. Whitefield. As the Trustees have always had the same Sentiments, and find these confirmd by your just Observations, and the Industry of the Saltzburghers, you may be satisfied that Negroes will not be permitted.

The Trustees approve of the Method taken by you for preventing any Idleness among your People, by allowing those only who are industrious in tilling the Ground, to partake of the Benefit of the Sale of Lumber sawd by the Mill.

The Trustees have sent Directions, that the District of Land at the Mill River (which was thought but without any Foundation to have belongd to Mr. [Robert] Parker) shall be added to the Settlement at Ebenezer, As no Land has yet been appropriated there, in Order to be cultivated for raising a Support for your Self and your Assistant, and for your Successors, and others concerned in the Education of the Saltzburghers, the Trustees have sent Orders for 500 Acres to be run out, where you shall like best, to be cultivated by joint Labour of the Saltzburghers, for Religious and Charitable Purposes.

I have written again to Mr. [William] Stephens by this Conveyance, that the 37 Sterling, which the Saltzburghers owd to the Store, is forgiven them; and likewise that the Money due to them for the Silk Balls, which they carried to the Store, shall be paid to you for them.

The Trustees approve of what you propose vizt. The building a large House for the Use of Widows and Orphans to be employed in making Silk at Ebenezer; and have it in their Thoughts to give a little Assistance towards it. I am sure Sir, upon my telling you that the Trustees have the Silk Business principally at heart, no Means will be left untried by you, to promote the Progress of it, and quicken the Saltzburghers Application to it.


Harman Verelst to William Stephens, July 25, 1746, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 231-233, concerning losses on the ship Judith, appointments of officials, memorial of Mary Bosomworth, pay for surveying, payment of silk bounties, sola bills to be sent, and method to keep corn sweet. By Charles Watson, a passenger on the Success, Capt. Thomson.

Sir

On the 4th. of last Month I received your Letter dated the 22d of February before which is the only one from you since April was twelve month. But the Trustees are willing to impute it to the Carolina Ships having been so unfortunately taken.

The Trustees were very sorry to hear the melancholy account of the Voyage the Ship Judith had, and the Loss sustaind therein; As Mr. [Thomas] Caustons Death was a part thereof, Mr. [William] Williamson has administerd to him in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury as Chief Creditor by marrying his Niece, whose Fortune was in Mr. Caustons Care, and for which he had given Bond. And as Mr. [James] Bull died in the said Voyage, who was intended for third Bailiff at Savannah, or an Assistant, an Application has been made by Mr. Charles Watson to return to Georgia under some appointment from the Trustees (a Copy of his Petition is herewith sent you); On which Application, the Trustees came to a Resolution to recommend him to the Common Council either for the Office of third Bailiff at Savannah, if neither Mr. [Samuel] Marcer nor Mr. [Patrick] Graham has accepted thereof; And in Case either of them have, then to remove Mr. [John] Pye from the Office of Recorder, and appoint Mr. Watson his Successor; As Mr. [John A.] Terry, whom the Trustees once thought of for that Office has left the Colony. Mr. Watson comes over in the Ship Success Captain Thomson, and brings with him the Trustees Letters, the Charge of his Passage is defrayed, and 10 has been paid him for Linnen and Necessaries on his going over, in Consideration that he cannot commence Salary till the Common Council have appointed him, and such Appointment has been received in Georgia.

The Trustees by the Post from Portsmouth the 5th. of December last received a Memorial from Mrs. Mary Bosomworth,14 desiring a Grant to her Husband Mr. Thomas Bosomworth, of a Tract of Land called Yamacraw from the West Line of the Town of Savannah to Pipemakers Creek; and also desiring Payment of an Account therewith sent, whereon the Sum of 1204.9.8 is stated to be the Balance; But the same consisting of a Claim for 100 a Year as Interpreter to the Indians for twelve Years, whereof the Sum of 200 is mentioned to have been received of General [James] Oglethorpe in part; and for 50 Reward for the first Load of Wheat, for 150 for Bounties on Corn, Pease, and Potatoes raised in the Year 1739, and for 4.9.8 for Bounties on Corn, Pease, and Potatoes raised in the Year 1742. And by the same Conveyance a Deposition of Mrs. Bosomworths was also received, taken before Mr. [Charles] Watson and Mr. [William] Spencer relating to the Corn raised (a Copy of which is herewith sent you). The Trustees on the 19th. of May last took into Consideration the said several Papers and Account, and Mr. Thomas Jones attending with the Account of Jacob Mathews, late Husband to the said Mrs. Bosomworth, wherein he stands indebted to balance with the Trustees in October 1738 to the Amount of 81.16.3 3/4, in October 1739 to the Amount of 17.18.10 1/4 more, and since that time in a further amount of 15.4.6 1/2 making together the Sum of 114. 19.8 1/2. The Trustees came to a Resolution to refer to the Consideration of their Common Council, that part of Mrs. Bosomworths Memorial which related to the Grant of the Tract of Land; and that Copies of the said Accounts of Jacob Mathews and Mary Bosomworth should be sent over to the President and Assistants in Georgia (which you herewith receive) with the following Instructions to them on this Occasion. vizt.

That no Salary as Interpreter was ever granted by the Trustees, and that whatever Mrs. Bosomworth has done in that Station, She has been fully satisfied for.

That as to the Reward of Fifty pounds claimd for the first Load of Wheat raised in Georgia, the Trustees never engaged themselves in any such Promise.

And as to the Bounties on Corn, Pease, and Potatoes raised in the Years 1739 and 1742 That the President and Assistants should examine into the Foundation of those Claims, Which not being properly made when other Claimants became intitled, and were paid, nor ever made in the Lifetime of Jacob Mathews, nor since his Death by his Widow (to the Knowledge of the Trustees), until by the said Memorial and Deposition of Mrs. Bosomworth. It thereby appears that in those Years no such Bounties were expected by the said Jacob Mathews, or his Widow, by their not applying in time for the proper Views and Measurement by two Freeholders, directed to certify the Quantities raised in Order to ascertain the Bounties; Which greatly affects the present Claims. But if it shall appear to the Satisfaction of the President and Assistants, that any thing is really due to the late Jacob Mathews or his Widow for such Bounties over and above what is due from the said Jacob Mathews to the Trustees; That they may be authorized to pay such Overplus.

Since which Memorial of Mrs. Bosomworths, her Husband, Mr. Thomas Bosomworth has drawn the following Bills of Exchange for the Trustees to pay for said Bounties. vizt. One for 50 dated 10th. February last, one for 50 dated 11th. of said February, and one for 54.9.8 dated 24th. of said February; In all of 154.9.8. To all which Bills, the following answer was given.

That all Claims for raising of Corn were to be made, and paid, if found due, by the proper Officers in Georgia, to whom the Trustees have wrote to examine the Claim of Mary the Wife of Thomas Bosomworth, and to pay what they shall find due to her on such Claim.

The Common Council of the Trustees having recommended all Savings in the estimated Expences in Georgia to be made which possibly may; The Surveyors Allowance on Mr. [Joseph] Averys Death will be one Branch of Saving, as surveying Business is to be only defrayed according to the Work done.

The Bounty of two shillings a pound on Silk Balls being part of the general incident Expences of the Colony, and not to be otherwise estimated, as the Quantities are uncertain which shall be raised, you will be carefull punctually to pay; That no Discouragement may be to the Production of them. And the Silk when wound off and sent over, will become a Fund on Sale thereof for future Bounties, which will be a proportionable increasing Fund to the Quantities of Balls raised and used in winding off, as sent to England for such Sale.

400 in Sola Bills are orderd to be made out, and if they can be got ready will probably come by this Ship; But as the Indorsement on the back of the said Bills, on Account of the War, is ordered to be new engraved from Bearer to Order, for the Safety of the Merchants here, to whom Sola Bills are remitted, to prevent their being negotiated when taken by the Enemy; The new printing them off and marbling them takes up some time.

The Trustees have sent you the Gentlemans Magazine for June last, wherein is inserted Dr. [Stephen] Haless Description of cheap and easy Methods to keep Corn sweet, and free from heating either in small or large Quantities.


Benjamin Martyn to Cretien Von Munch in Augsburg, July 21, 1746, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 234, telling him of Salzburger successes, thanking him for his gifts, and asking if he may be elected a Trustee.

Sir

The Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia in America have lately received several Letters from the Reverend Mr. Martin Bolzius at Ebenezer in that Colony. These all contain Accounts of the happy State of the Saltzburghers, the Industry which they use, the Peace which they enjoy, and the Prospect there is of the Prosperity of that Settlement. They raise a sufficient Subsistance for themselves. They are beginning to apply themselves to the raising of Silk which may in time prove very profitable to them; and they have already a Saw Mill which, with two Saws, will saw above one thousand feet of Boards in twenty four Hours; This, in a Country which abounds with Trees, will turn likewise to great Advantage.

As Mr. Bolzius takes all Opportunities to express his Gratitude for any Kindness shewn to the Saltzburghers under his Care; He has acquainted the Trustees with your extensive Generosity to them; Besides many Gifts in Money and Goods, he says, you have lent them about two hundred pounds, which enabled him to buy for the People a sufficient Number of Plow Shares, and other Things requisite for Agriculture & Husbandry and to supply the most necessitous with young tame Oxen for the Use of their Plows.

The Trustees Sir are so sensible of your Goodness to the Saltzburghers, that they have orderd me to return you their Thanks in the warmest and fullest manner possible; and as you are already united with them in a Disposition for promoting the Happiness of that Settlement, they hope you will consent to be united with them in another Sense, and that you will have no Objection to their electing you one of their Body. The Election will be at their next anniversary Meeting in the Month of March, which is the Time prescribd by their Charter for the Choice of new Trustees.15

If there are any other Gentlemen at Augsburgh whom you may think proper to be associated with you, by which means a Correspondence may be more effectually carried on for the Benefit of the Saltzburghers, and other German Protestants, who may wish for such an Asylum as Georgia; The Trustees desire you will be so kind as to name them, that they may be elected at the same Time.

I shall for your Satisfaction send with this a List of the Trustees, and likewise such Papers as may be necessary to shew you their Powers, and the Methods taken by them hitherto for establishing the Colony, and some Sermons which have been preachd for promoting the Charity.


Harman Verelst to William Stephens, Sept. 9, 1746, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 235, sending sola bills and giving new instructions for endorsement of them. By Charles Watson, a passenger on the Success, Capt. Thomson.

Sir

The Ship Success being Wind bound in Plymouth Sound, the Trustees have the Opportunity of sending the 400 in Sola Bills which they intended, which are numberd from 11,001 to 11,400 of 1. each in four Books; and in the Indorsement of them, the Word Bearer is now altered to Order.

You and the assistants in Georgia are therefore to instruct the Issuers of the said Bills, that they do inform the Persons to whom they shall be issued of this Alteration, for the better securing the Merchants Property in England, to whom they shall be remitted. And that it will be proper for the said Persons so first receiving them to indorse the said Bills to the Order of some other Person with whom they may negotiate them; and instruct such Persons so negotiating them, that the last Indorser or Indorsers who shall remit any of them to England be desired by the last Possessor of such Bill or Bills, fo fill up an Indorsement on the back of each of them, payable to the Person or Persons in England or his, her, or their Order, to whom such Bill or Bills shall be remitted, to prevent their being negotiated by an Enemy, if taken.


Benjamin Martyn to the Rev. Samuel Urlsperger at Augsburg, Oct. 1, 1746, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 235-236, giving conditions at and plans for Ebenezer.

Monsieur

Jai recu lhonneur de votre Lettre, du premier dAout, et je ne manquerai pas de ly communiquer a Messrs. les Trustees guand Ils sassembleront.

En attendant, comme Vous temolgnes quelque Inquietude touchant lIntroduction des Negres dans la Colonie, Jai la Satisfaction de vous assurer que ce Rapport est tout a fait sans Fondement; Jai par Ordre, du Messrs. les Trustees, ecrit une Lettre au Mois du Juillet passe, Monsr. Bolzius pour lui assurer que Messrs. les Trustees se confirment de plus en plus dans leur Sentiments, et que cest une Affaire absolument determine de nen jamais admettre; Et Messrs. les Trustees sont. convaincu, que la Dilegence des Ebenezeriens aussi bien que des Autres Colonistes, sera la meilleure Preuve de leur Inutilit.

Les Avis, que depuis peu Messrs. les Trustees ont recus de Monsr. Bolzius, concernant lEtablisement dEbenezer, et lIndustrie des Habitants, sont grand Plaisir a Messrs. les Trustees; Ils ont depuis le Receu de ces Lettres prit des Mesures pour le Bonheur du cette Establisement. Ils ont ajout aux Terres quils leur avoient accorde, a fin de mieux accommoder dautres quils voulent aller en ce Pais. Ils ont encore ordonner des Terres qui sont dans le Voisignage (maintenant appartenant aux Indiens) detre achettee, pour eloigner ces Indiens, et ces Terres seront aussi ajout Ebenezer. Ils ont aussi ordonner quelques Terres detre cultivee, et mis apart uniquement pour les Affaires Religieuses; Cest dire, pour maintenir Monsr. Bolzius, et les autres Messrs. quy viendront dans le Ministere apres lui, et aussi pour les Maitres dEcole &c.

Monsieur, Je suis fort fache, quil nest pas en mon Pouvoir de vous envoyer des Plan, ou Desseins Geographiques ; Mais Messrs. les Trustees nen ont que fort peu, et ceus la Ils gardent seulement pour leur propre Inspection, craignant de les rendre publiques en tems de Guerre; parceque les Ennemis pourroient si ils tomboient dans leur Mains, en faire un tres grand Mal la Colonie.

Translation of the above letter.16

Sir

I have received the honor of your letter of the first of August, and I shall not fail to communicate it to the Trustees when they meet.

In the meantime, since you express some concern over the introduction of Negroes into the colony, I have the satisfaction of assuring you that this report is completely without foundation and by order of the Trustees, I have written a letter in the month of July last to Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius to assure him that the Trustees are firmly fixed in their sentiments, and it is absolutely determined policy to never admit any; And the Trustees are convinced that the diligence of the Ebenezerians as well as that of the other colonists, will be the best proof of their uselessness.

The advices that the Trustees have received recently from Mr. Bolzius, concerning the leaders at Ebenezer and industry of its inhabitants, is very pleasing to the Trustees; and they have since receipt of these letters taken measures for the well-being of these leaders. They have added to the lands which had been given to them, in order to better accommodate others who may wish to go to this country. They have also ordered that other lands which are in the neighborhood (now belonging to the Indians) be bought in order to remove these Indians, and these lands will also be added to Ebenezer. They have also ordered that certain lands be cultivated, and set aside for religious purposes; That is to say, to maintain Mr. Bolzius and other gentlemen who will come into the ministry after him, and also for the schoolmasters etc.

Sir, I am very distressed that it is not in my power, to send you maps, or geographical sketches, but the Trustees have only very few of them and those they keep only for their own use, fearing to make them public in time of war, because enemies could if they fell into their hands, use them to do great harm to the colony.


Harman Verelst to The Rev. John Martin Bolzius, Nov. 11, 1746, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 236, forwarding packages from the Custom House.

Revd. Sir

Two Cases having been some time in the Kings Warehouse at the Custom House in London, waiting an Opportunity of being forwarded, the one markd AKB, and the other markd EB, containing Books, Medicines, and Wearing Apparel. The same are now sent by the Ship Dilligence Captain Davison Commander, a Copy of whose Bill of Lading you herewith receive; Which I hope will come safe to your Hands.


Harman Verelst to the Gov. and Council of S. C., Nov. 11, 1746, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 237, sending two parcels for the Salzburgers and asking that they be forwarded to Ga.

Gentlemen

Pursuant to the Trustees Letter of the 3d. of April last, They now trouble you with the Consignment of two Cases for the Saltzburghers at Ebenezer in Georgia; Which they desire your giving the proper Directions for their being forwarded to their President at Savannah, for his Care of them to Ebenezer; And he has Orders to defray the Expences thereof. I have therefore inclosed the Bill of Lading, that you may give Orders for receiving the same on Shore, and sending them by the first convenient Opportunity to Savannah.


Harman Verelst to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, March 6, 1746/7, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 237, telling of parcels sent for the Salzburgers.

Revd. Sir

With this you receive four Ovens of cast Iron in Cases sent from Germany to be forwarded to You; They are markd HW No. 1 to 4, and shippd on board the Neptune Captain Bellegarde, who goes under Convoy of the Adventure Man of War. There are several other Parcels, which this Ship could not take in, and will be shippd on board the Betsey Captain Hore to go by the same Convoy.

I am in hopes the large Case markd Ebenezer is in the Kings Warehouse here, which was thought to be sent by Captain Quarme, a Case with that Mark almost worn out; which has lain some time there being lately discovered; and if it is, it shall be forwarded by the Betsey. I have wrote to Mr. [Friedrich Michael] Zeigenhagen to know the Contents, in Order to claim it.


Harman Verelst to William Stephens, March 6, 1746/7, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 237-238, telling of loss of Ga. mail and items sent.

Sir

Your Letter dated 15th. September last, and Journals and Papers therewith were recd by the Tartar Man of War, and no other since February before. Mr. [William] Hopton sent me an Accot. of the Packages of Letters he had forwarded which shows the Fatality of the homeward bound Carolina Ships being so much taken. I hear the Firebrand, on board which Mr. Hopton advised me of a Box from you, is safe at Southampton after great Damage at Sea.

Please to forward the inclosed, with four Cases containing Cast Iron Ovens markd HW No. 1 to 4 to Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius, which were shipped on board the Neptune Captain Bellegarde, and consigned to Mr. Hopton to forward to you. By the Betsey other Parcels will be sent, and by the Adventure Man of War the Trustees Letters, in Answer to yours and the Papers herewith, with Sola Bills also for the estimated Expences in Georgia will be sent.


Harman Verelst to William Hopton, March 6, 1746/7, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 238, concerning captured mail and mail now sent.

Sir

Your Letter of the 20th. of August (Copy) and Original of 7th. October last I recd17 wherein you very carefully mention the Package of Letters &c. recd from Mr. [William] Stephens, and forwarded. But none came to hand but by the Tartar Man of War. I have advice that the Firebrand, after sustaining great Damage on our Coast is got into Southampton to refit, on board which you also sent a Box. The Loyal Katherine Captain White being taken, and carried into the Havanna, on board which was a small Box directed to Mr. [William] Stephens & consigned to you, which is of no Use to the Spaniards, nor to any but where it was directed; If there was any means of getting it from thence, the Trustees would be glad you would consult Captain White about it, if he is at Charles Town, or make such Inquiry after it, to get it, or the Contents as you find necessary in Order to forward to Mr. Stephens.

Inclosed you receive a Bill of Lading of 4 Cases, which please to forward to Georgia with the inclosed Letter. I shall consign more Parcels to you by the Betsey Captain Hore, who is expected will sail with the Adventure Man of War.


Benjamin Martyn to Gov. James Glen of S. C., March 10, 1746/7, Westminster, C.O. 5/688, p. 238, thanking him for agreeing to forward mail to Ga.

Sir

The Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia have recd your obliging Letter dated October 15th. 1746, and have ordered me to take this (the first) Opportunity to return their Thanks for your Promise to communicate to the Gentlemen of His Majestys Council at Charles Town, their Letter of April 3d. 1746; And likewise for the Readiness, with which you undertake to forward any Letters or Parcels passing betwixt the Trustees and their Officers in Georgia

As the Trustees are truly sensible, that it would be for the Benefit of both Colonies, to establish a good Correspondence between them by mutual Acts of Friendship; They will with the utmost Pleasure perform any which may be in their Power, for the Province of South Carolina.


Benjamin Martyn to Thomas Corbett at the Admiralty, March 10, 1746/7, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 239, requesting orders to naval officers to transmit mail to and from Ga.

Sir

The Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia desire you will procure an Order from my Lords Commissioners for executing the Office of Lord High Admiral, to Captain Hamar of the Adventure Man of War to receive on board a Box of Letters and Papers, directed to some Person in South Carolina, in Order to be forwarded to the Trustees Officers in Georgia.

The Trustees further desire, that Captn. Hamar may be instructed, to deliver their Lordships Orders to any other Captains of His Majestys Ships, who may be at South Carolina and on their Return to England, to take under their Care (during the War) any Boxes which may be directed to the Georgia Office.


Benjamin Martyn to Patrick Graham, March 13, 1746/7, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 239, appointing him to dispense medicines to the poor.

Sir

I have laid before the Trustees your Letter dated September 13th. 1746 wherein you mention the Allowance of 20 a Year in the Estimate for a Surgeon to dispense Medicines to such poor People as could not employ one, which Allowance has never yet been accepted by any Person; As you desire the said Allowance and Employment, the Trustees grant them to you, and more particularly for the Reason which you give as a Motive for their granting them vizt. That you may thereby give a closer Attendance at Savannah as an Assistant.

Such of the Medicines, which you have transmitted a List of as necessary, and such other as were thought proper, are ordered to be sent by this Conveyance, and are to be delivered out to you by the President and Assistants, when you want them.


Benjamin Martyn to the Rev. Bartholomew Zouberbuhler, March 14, 1746/7, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 239-240, recommending that he employ the Rev. John J. Zubly as an assistant at Vernonburgh and Acton.

Sir

The Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia having taken into Consideration the Difficulties, that must attend the Inhabitants of Vernonburgh and Acton coming to Savannah to Divine Worship, especially the Women and Children, those Settlements being at such a Distance from the Town; Or of your going thither to officiate to them, as might be necessary on many Occasions, especially when they are ill, to prepare them for Death, or to perform the Funeral Service, after. The Trustees having, I say, taken these into Consideration, do recommend it to you to make an Allowance of Ten pounds a Year to the Revd. Mr. Joachim Zubli, on Condition that he officaites for you as an Assistant at Vernonburgh and Acton; And, that you may be no Sufferer thereby, the Trustees have resolved, that during your making the said Allowance to Mr. Zubli, they will maintain a third Servant for you, whose Maintenance will amount to more than the aforesaid Ten pounds a Year.


Benjamin Martyn to John Dobell at Charles Town, March 14, 1746/7, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 240, expressing satisfaction with his work, hoping he will return to Savannah, and granting him a lot if he does.

Sir

The Trustees have recd your Copy of the Return of Grants & Leases which have been occupied, and of the State of Savannah distinguishing the Proprietors and Inhabitants; and likewise the Account of the School, which was under your Care. As they find no Reason to be dissatisfied with your Conduct, either as Register or Schoolmaster, they are sorry you have left the Colony so abruptly, from a Distaste to the Behaviour of any Persons in it; You had no Reason to doubt of the Trustees Protection, nor of their Encouragement whilst you performed your Duty.

I have laid before the Trustees likewise your Petition, that the Grant to you of a Town Lot in Savannah No. 1 in the first Tything of the lower new Ward, by the President and Assistants may be confirmd. The Trustees do confirm it, on Condition that you return within a Year to cultivate it, and that you occupy it by your Self or Servants. You are sensible that, upon your Application afterwards, you may have Leave of Absence, or a Power of Alienation.

The Trustees hope however that youll fix your Residence at Savannah; and they send Directions, that upon your Return thither, you shall be intrusted again with the Care of the School, and be replacd in the Office of Register, which will probably prove more beneficial to you, than it has been when an Act is past in Relation to the Tenures; Which the Trustees are preparing, in Order to be laid before the King, and which will satisfy the most scrupulous about them.


Benjamin Martyn to the President and Assistants in Ga., March 16, 1746/7, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 241-247, acknowledging receipt of journals and letters, Trustees willing for John J. Zubly to serve as minister at Vernonburgh and Acton, Christopher Ortman disapproved as schoolmaster, directions for building the church and jail at Savannah, land requested by John Milledge, return of land granted or leased desired, Negroes in Ga., licensing of public house at Augusta, sola bills captured, land grants approved, Patrick Graham to be surgeon to the poor, savings in annual estimates, state of the colony, industry of Germans should be a good example to the English, N. C. families to come to Ga., Yamacraw Indians, Savannah carpenters minimum wage, land for officials at Frederica, instructions for silk production. By the Adventure Man of War, Capt. Hamar.

Sir and Gentlemen

The Trustees have recd by the Tartan Man of War part of the Journal vizt. from December 25th. 1744 to the 26th. of February following, from June 24th. 1745 to the 31st. of August following, from October 18th. 1745 to the 31st. of December following, and from July 31st. 1746 to the 11th. of September following. They have likewise received Copies of some Proceedings of the President and Assistants, vitz. from November 23d. 1744 to the 23d. of February 1744/5, from June 15th. 1745 to the 31st. of August, from October 11th. 1745 to the 31st. of December, from July 21st. 1746 to the 28th. of August 1746. Two Letters from you Sir, to the Secretary dated June 24th. 1745, and August 31st. 1745. And Five to the Accountant dated June 24th. 1745, August 31st. 1745, October 18th. 1745, July 31st. 1746, and September 15th. 1746, some Plans of the Church at Savannah, and Schedules of the Papers sent. And they have taken them all into Consideration.

Upon reading the Journal of February 26th. 1744/5 the Trustees find, that the Germans and Swiss Settlers at Vernonburgh & Acton and the adjacent Places, had signed a Petition, setting forth the Want they were in of a Minister; and desiring that the Revd. Mr. Joachim Zubli might be appointed one. The Trustees never recd this Petition, but however, when they appointed Mr. [Bartholomew] Zouberbuhler the Minister at Savannah, they had the Petitioners and their Want in their Thoughts; And therefore Mr. Zouberbuhler was engagd and did agree to officiate and preach to them in their Language, as well as to the Inhabitants of Savannah in the English Tongue. However, the Trustees, being sensible that Savannah is at too great a Distance for them, especially the Women and Children, to go to Divine Worship there; They are willing to have Mr. Zubli reside among them, and officiate there for Mr. Zouberbuhler, to whom I write by this Conveyance, that the Trustees recommend it to him to make an Allowance of Ten pounds a Year to Mr. Zubli on Condition that Mr. Zubli shall officiate as an Assistant for him at Vernonburgh and Acton. That Mr. Zouberbuhler may be no Sufferer hereby, the Trustees will maintain a third Servant for him during his making the said Allowance, which Maintenance you can tell him, will amount to more than the Ten pounds to be given to Mr. Zubli. The Trustees approve of the two Acres of vacant Land between Vernonburgh and Acton being laid out by the Surveyor for the building of a Tabernacle, and of the Application of forty Shillings for the Purchase of Necessaries for the said Building. The Agreement of the People at Vernonburgh and Acton to build the Tabernacle by joint Labour was very pleasing to the Trustees, who desire you will recommend it to them to cultivate Land by joint Labour likewise for the Subsistance of their Minister. And on their agreeing to do this, the Trustees order that the Surveyor be directed to run out fifty Acres of the said vacant Land between Vernonburgh and Acton; Or if there is not such a Quantity of good Land there, in the most convenient Place he can find. On his doing this, and sending over thro your Hands the Survey and Description of the said Land, the Trustees will make a Grant of it for the Religious Uses of the Settlements at Vernonburgh & Acton.

Here I am orderd by the Trustees to acquaint you, that tho they think a Schoolmaster necessary at Vernonburgh and Acton, they entirely disapprove of, and disallow the Settlement of Mr. [Christopher] Ortman as such, and the Allowance of Twelve pounds a Year made to him by you as President and the Assistants. They are much surprised at the Resolution which you came to in Council vizt. That Mr. Ortman had been misrepresented to the Society for promoting Christian Knowledge without hearing any body upon that Subject but Mr. Ortman himself; and they order me to say, they cannot but take Notice of and condemn the Inference drawn by you vizt. That the placing Mr. Ortman at Vernonburgh, with an allowance of 12 Sterl. a Year is a Saving to the Trust; as if they were obligd to maintain every Body who for Misbehaviour may have been discharged.

Upon reading the Letter to Mr. [Harman] Verelst dated September 15th., 1746, the Trustees find the Church, so far from being finishd, remains yet a Skeleton, with only the Roof of it coverd. The Trustees cannot but wonder at it, since about 400 Sterl. has been expended on it; and since the Saltzburghers have sawd such Quantities of Plank, and could so easily have furnishd this for compleating the Building, you might very well have applied to them for what was wanted, without letting the Church stand still, and be so exposd to the Weather. If there had not been sufficient out of the 300 for incident Expences to have paid for the Plank, Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius would certainly have given the Trustess Credit for it. They direct you Sir and the Assistants, to see what Quantity will be wanted, and apply to Mr. Bolzius for some Cypress, or the most durable Sort of Plank, which the Saltzburghers can supply you with. The Outside of the Church must be Feather boarded, and then tarrd and then Sand must be strowd over to prevent the Tar running. The Inside of the Walls must be boarded likewise & painted, for Plaister Work, unless very well done, will some decay, and must be more expensive. Sir, you say, You wish it had been specified in the Estimate what Part of the 300 for incident Expences might have been applied to the Church; Surely this was needless, as the application of that Sum was in your Self as President and in the Assistants; you had sufficient Power to apply what was requisite for finishing the Work or at least what could be spard for going on with it; And where you thought you had not sufficient Power, you might have applied to the Trustees for more. The same may be observd with Regard to the Jail which you say is so necessary; And here the Trustees bid me tell you, that they are surprizd you have not sent over an Estimate of the Expence of building one, without which they must be at a Loss to give the proper Orders about it. However, what Boards may be necessary for this, or any other Work you must apply for at Ebenezer; And when the Accounts for the same are settled with Mr. Bolzius, they will be paid by the Trust.

The Trustees are glad you are in possession of the late Mr. [Joseph] Averys Plans. As it would be hazardous to send them over by a Merchant Man, since so many of these from So. Carolina are taken, the Trustees order, that they be sent home only in a Man of War; And, that they may not be spoild in the Passage, you must wrap them up in an Oil Skin, and put them in a Box, filling this up afterwards with Saw Dust.

It appears by the Proceedings of the President and Assistants January 30th. 1744/5 that Mr. John Millidge (who is stationd at Fort Argyle) has petitiond for a Grant of 500 Acres of Land on the River Ogeeche, and that he is recommended to the Trustees as an industrious Man. They wish they had been informd at the same time, whether Mr. Millidge has sufficient Substance and Ability to cultivate the Land if granted to him, because his Town Lot at Savannah appears to have been entirely neglected; However, if it shall appear to you that he has (independent of his Military Command) sufficient Means to cultivate the Land, the Trustees will have no Objection to granting the same, or so much of the 500 Acres as he may have Means for, on Condition however that he shall relinquish his Town Lot at Savannah.

The Trustees sent Orders August 19th. 1745, that a Return should be made to them of the Grants and Leases which have been occupied, in Order to ascertain the Quit Rents, and make a proper Return thereof to the Auditor of the Plantations; This has not been received by them, tho a Copy of One has been sent to them by Mr. John Dobell the Register. By the said Copy there appear to be Reasons given by you why the Proprietors of Lands have not occupied the same (particularly by Mr. Patrick Mackay, because he had not Negroes). The Trustees upon this direct me to say, their Orders were for you to state the Facts, but they did not require the Reasons.

The Trustees are extreamly surprisd at seeing in the Journal of August 21st. 1746, that the Revd. Mr. Thomas Bosomworth had sent to South Carolina for six Negroes, and had employed them on his Plantation. So notorious an Infraction of a Law, which the Trustees, upon the maturest Deliberations, have so often declard their Resolution to adhere to, calld for an immediate Inquiry and Punishment. The Trustees order me to say, that you had sufficient Power for this, and the first Step should have been to seize the Negroes. They observe at the same time in the Journal, that Negroes have been creeping into the Colony at Augusta, and other Places. And they cannot but wonder that you have not before this put a Stop to such Practises, nor proposd to them the Means of doing it; but have contented your Selves with seeing it, and complaining of it now.

The Trustees observe by the Journal July 30th. 1745, that you had licensd a Man to keep a Publick House at Augusta, with which Captn. Kent seemd to be offended, as it was a lessening his Authority. They say this should have been left to him for, as a Conservator of the Peace at Augusta, he has the same Power there as Justices of the Peace have in England; And, by being upon the Spot must be the best Judge, whether the Man was a proper Person to have such a License. Youll please to recollect that Captn. Kent was not a Conservator of the Peace, when the Powers for licensing were granted to the President and Assistants.

The Box of Sola Bills for 500, which was sent in April last by the Loyal Katherine Captn. White, was taken it seems and carried to the Havanah. Mr. [William] Hopton has been desired to use his utmost Endeavours to recover the Bills, which perhaps may not be very difficult, when it is known, that they cannot be of Use to any one till they are signd and issued in the proper Manner. If they are recoverd, theyll serve with the Bills sent over by this Conveyance to defray all the estimated Expences in Georgia to Lady Day next, and carry on a considerable Surplus for the estimated Expences of the ensuing year.

The Trustees have confirmd the Grants, mentioned at different times in the Proceedings. vizt. Of a 50 Acre Lot on Skeedaway Island to Thomas Sparnel, of a 50 Acre Lot at Abercorn to James Grant, of a 50 Acre Lot at Abercorn to Christian Dasher, and of a Lot in the Town of Savannah to Jacob Holbrook. They have likewise approvd of and confirmd the Purchase made by John Lawrence of the Lot No. 2 in the first Tything of the lower new Ward of Samuel Clee, provided that the said John Lawrence occupies the same by himself or Servants.

The Trustees have resolvd to grant the Allowance of 20 a Year in the Estimate for a Surgeon to dispense Medicines to such poor People as cannot pay for them, to Mr. Patrick Graham, who will thereby be able to give a closer Attendance at Savannah as an Assistant; And some Medicines are sent by this Conveyance, to be under your Care and deliverd out to Mr. Graham, as they may be wanted.

Upon this Occasion I am orderd by the Trustees to take Notice that, as the aforesaid Sum of 20 a Year has not been accepted by any Person, here must have been a Saving to the Trust. In other Articles there must have been Savings likewise. In particular in the Year 1743 the Sum of 70 was allowd for ten Persons to be instructed by Mrs. [Jane Mary] Camuse, and a further Sum of 65.- was allowd for the Maintenance of them whilst under Instruction; As there have been no Persons instructed by her, except two Girls for the Space of nine Weeks in the Year 1744, at the Expence of 4.10.-, there could have been no further application of the two aforesaid Sums that Way. The Sum of 100 a Year for a Land Surveyor must also have been savd, since Mr. [Joseph] Averys Death; for the present Surveyor, you are sensible, is paid for his Work as he does it. The Trustees expected that some Notice should have been taken of these, and other Savings. They likewise expected an Account of what Sums have been received by you for the Provisions with which the Regiment has been furnishd at different times from the Cowpen. They hope this Account has been carefully kept and they order it to be constantly transmitted to them; For this Sum as well as the several Savings must go in Aid of the Support of the Colony. I wrote in two former Letters Sir to you, dated May 10th, 1744 and July 18th 1746, that the Trustees desird to be acquainted of what Use this Cowpen is, and whether there is sufficient Reason for them to be at such an Expence as they are about it, and what the Number of Cattle was by the last Return, for the Increase of them must have been very great. Perhaps the Account of this and of the several Savings, and of the Application of the Money allowed for incident Expences since the Year 1744, may be with the State of the Northern Part of the Province, which you mention Sir in one of your Letters to be sent to the Trustees, and which they orderd and have long expected, but have not yet received, nor any Duplicates thereof; Which the Trustees impute to the frequent Captures of the homeward bound South Carolina Ships.

The Trustees are pleasd to see by the Journal August 15th. 1745, the great Improvement made in Cultivation by the Germans and Swiss, the Neatness in which their Plantations lye contiguous to each other for such an Extent with proper Habitations, the Comfort and Tranquillity in which they live at present, and the Foundation which they have laid for their future Plenty and Happiness. Surely such a Sight of the Country must be an Incitement to the English at Savannah and other Places to be industrious likewise, or it will be a perpetual Reproach to them. Can they be content to have it thought that Britons have less Strength, less Resolution, and less Virtue than every other People? Can they be content to see those, who were lately many of them their Servants, are now in a better Condition than they are, with Plantations still improving, whilst their Masters are in a manner totally neglected, or running into Ruins? That those have comfortable Houses, whilst These suffer theirs to fall into Decay? And that Savannah, which was designd to be the Metropolis of the Province, is become the Disgrace of it, most People here in England and in other Places forming their Judgement of the Colony from the decaying Condition of that Town? The Trustees desire that you will lay these Considerations before the People, that you will quicken in them, if possible, a Spirit of Industry and entirely turn their Minds from any fruitless Expectation of having Negroes to work for them. The same Concord and Agreement to work with join Labour, will do their Business as well as the Foreigners.

The Trustees are glad to see by the Journal of August 30th. and September 8th. 1746, that about forty Families are going from North Carolina to settle on the Ogeeche River; But they want to know in what manner those Families are to be settled, and what Quantity of Land each Family is to have. It appears by the Proceedings of the President and Assistants November 24th. 1743, that 6000 Acres of Land were reservd on the South Side of the great Ogeeche River for Mr. John Williams and such Families as he was to bring with him from Virginia; Which Reservation the Trustees approvd of. But there has been no Application to them since that time for Grants, nor do they find that there has been any to you.

The Trustees desire to know what Numbers of Yamacraw Indians there are, how they subsist, and on what Terms they are with Mrs. [Mary] Bosomworth, and how they behave towards our Settlements.

The Trustees have taken into Consideration the Advertisement which the Carpenters fixd up at Savannah that they would not work below the particular Prices specified therein. They have it in their Thoughts to send over an Act, to prevent such Combinations, which you must take Care to apprise the People of.

The Trustees have made Major [William] Horton and Mr. John Calwell Conservators of the Peace at Frederica. They have resolvd likewise to grant two Town Lots at Frederica to two Sons of Mr. Calwell, provided they are sixteen Years of Age; And to himself so much more Land contiguous to Frederica, as will make up 500 Acres with what he has at present.

The Trustees have sent over some more Books Intitled, a compendious Account of the Manner of breeding Silkworms &c, which must be disposd of among the People of Vernonburgh & Acton who may be most inclind to undertake the Silk Business; But the Trustees hope they will be so in general, since tis seen that the Saltzburghers by the same Books have acquird the Art of winding off Silk, and some Instructions are now sent over to make them perfect in it; Which written Instructions must likewise be given with the Books to the People of Vernonburgh and Acton, and all others in the Colony who are willing to follow the Example of the Saltzburghers.


Benjamin Martyn to William Stephens, March 14, 1746/7, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 247, concerning his request for a new grant of his lands in Ga.

Sir

I have laid before the Trustees your Desire, that a new Grant may be made to you of your Land in lieu of that which was lost, and that it may be settled upon your Son Newdigate instead of Thomas. They are very willing to do what you ask, and have had it often in their Thoughts; But a Difficulty is in the Way, vizt. That as the Intail in the former Grant was upon your Son Thomas by Name, they have it not in their Power. Would it not therefore be proper for you to settle the affair with your Elder Son? He has, it is plain, no Affection for the Colony, and therefore probably will never wish to live in it. He has, it is to be presumd an Affection for his Brother, and may be glad to see him provided for. In the mean time, you may depend on the Trustees persevering in the Resolution, to do every Thing in their Power for your Satisfaction herein.


Benjamin Martyn to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, March 16, 1746/7, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 247-249, concerning Chretian Von Munch, instructions about land at Ebenezer, sawmill and sale of lumber, items sent to Salzburgers, no Negroes to be allowed in Ga., and Salzburger silk.

Sir

In my last Letter to you dated July 18th. 1746 I acquainted you that I had laid before the Trustees your Letters of January 28th. & Febry. 22nd. & 24th. 1745/6. That they had taken the same into Consideration, and given their Orders upon your several Requests, that nothing might be wanting for your own Satisfaction, and for the Encouragement of the Saltzburghers under your Care. They sent their Thanks to Mr. [Chretien] Von Munch at Augsburgh as you desired, for his Kindness and Benefactions to the Saltzburghers, and I acquainted him at the same time, that they propose to elect him a Trustee and Corresponding Member for the Assistance of Saltzburghers and other German Protestants, who may desire to go to Georgia. I have had the Pleasure of an Answer from him, in which he expresses great Satisfaction at the Letter sent to him, and likewise a Desire to be chosen a Trustee.

I told you likewise in my last, that the Trustees had sent Directions to the President and Assistants; that the Brasses, which had been lent to the Saltzburghers, should be given to them; That the Sum of 37.-Sterl. which they owed to the Store, should be forgiven them; And that the Money due to them for the Silk Balls should be paid to them. The Trustees also sent Orders, that the Land beyond Ebenezer Creek should be purchasd of the Uchee Indians, and afterwards granted as an Addition to the Settlement of Ebenezer, and should be run out and appropriated for the Reception of other Saltzburghers, who may be inclind to go and settle there. They gave proper Orders also about the District of Land at the Mill River at Ebenezer, which had been claimd by Mr. [Robert] Parkers Son, and they doubt not but the President and Assistants have made you easy therein. They orderd likewise that the Surveyor should run out a Quantity of Land in such Place at Ebenezer, as you should appoint, to be appropriated and cultivated by the joint Labour of the Saltzburghers, for the Support of your Self, and the other Minister and your Successors; And for other Religious and Charitable Purposes.

As the Trustees were very much pleased with the Account you gave of the Saw Mill being brought to Perfection; They directed the President and Assistants to consider what may be the best Method for promoting the Sale of Boards cut by it, and to contribute every Thing in their Power to so good a Work, that the Saltzburghers may reap as early, and as much as possible, the Fruits of their Labour. And they have sent their Orders by this Conveyance, that whatever Boards may be necessary for the Church, or any other publick Buildings, they should be purchasd at Ebenezer. The President and Assistants therefore will let you know what Quantity of Plank will be wanted, and the Trustees desire you will take Care, that the best and most durable sort may be sent to them, and on as reasonable Terms as possible; And when the Accounts for the same are settled, the Trustees will order them to be immediately paid. They were much concernd at reading your Account of a Persons endeavouring to draw you into Schemes for the Sale of Lumber, which he was not in a Capacity to make good, and which might have provd very prejudicial to you, if he had not been so soon discoverd. The Trustees doubt not but this will for the future put you more upon your Guard against such tricking and designing Men; And it may not be improper for you upon such Occasions to consult the President and Assistants in Council, since by that means you may come at a better Knowledge of the People who propose to traffick with the Saltzburghers, and who must be obligd thereby to act openly, and therefore in all probability with more Honesty.

The Trustees have orderd some Paint and Oyl to be sent to you for the two Churches at Ebenezer, that the Inside Walls thereof may be painted; And they recommend it to you that the Outside Boards should be tarrd for the better Preservation of them, and that they should be sprinkled thick with Sand, in Order to prevent the Tar running.

The Trustees have likewise orderd some Chains for the Blocks to be dragd from the Saw Mill and some strong Cords of an Inch thick or thicker; And also a pair of Mill Stones for the Corn Mill, and some strong Leather for making two or three dozen of Horse Collars, to be sent to you, for the Use of the Saltzburghers, as you desired.

As the Trustees are desirous of shewing upon all Occasions how well satisfied they are with your Conduct in all the Civil and Religious Concerns of the Saltzburghers, They have paid 20 into the hands of the Revd. Mr. [Friedrich Michael] Zeigenhagen, to be laid out in the purchase of a new Gown and Cassock, and some other Clothing for you.

The Trustees hope that my last Letter made you perfectly easy with Regard to Negroes, and that you have no further apprehensions of their being admitted into the Colony. Since that I have written to Mr. [Samuel] Urlsperger at Augsburgh, who was full of the same Fears, and I have acquainted him with the Trustees Resolutions never to permit the Use of Negroes, that he may satisfy his Friends and others in Germany, who might be uneasy upon that Account. The Industry of the Saltzburghers will furnish a constraint & prevailing argument for the Prohibition.

Having mentioned their Industry, I cannot defer acquainting you with the Pleasure, which the Trustees have received in that Proof of it, the Silk, which you have sent over; They have showd it to one of the most eminent of our Italian Merchants, who is in possession of the famous Machine for organzining Silk. The Saltzburghers Silk has been organzind by him, and upon a Tryal and Examination of it, he has drawn up some Instructions for the Improvement of the Saltzburghers, which are inclosd with this Letter to you.


Benjamin Martyn to John Calwell, March 14, 1746/7, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 250, concerning his suggested removal, land grant, and appointment as a conservator of the peace.

Sir

As the Trustees Motive in proposing to you a Settlement in the Northern part of the Province was only for your own Good and Satisfaction, in Case you found your Self obligd, or was willing, to quit the Southern part; They are very glad that you have such Reasons for staying where you are, as the Improvements which you mention you have made. They are willing to grant two Town Lots to two of your Sons, but it would have been right in you to mention their Ages, that the Trustees might have known, whether they are able to cultivate the Land; And you should have mentioned their Christian Names, that the Grants might be made accordingly. If they are 16 Years of Age the President and Assistants will have Orders to appoint somebody to put them in possession.18

The Trustees are always willing to encourage Industry wherever they see it; And therefore they have no Objection to granting you more Land, so much as may make up 500 Acres, with what you have at present; But they cannot grant beyond this Quantity to any one Person. The Trustees suppose you will chuse this to be contiguous to Frederica.

The Trustees for your further Encouragement, have made you a Conservator of the Peace at Frederica, as they have likewise Major [William] Horton.


Harman Verelst to William Horton, March 14, 1746/7, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 250-251, sending his appointment as conservator of the peace, telling of John A. Terrys capture by the French, hopes for German servants, and recommending silk culture.

Sir

Your Letter of the 20th. of September last was recd the 12th. of December following and laid before the Trustees; Who being sensible that you have the Welfare and Peace of the Colony at heart have appointed you a Conservator of the latter for the Benefit of the former; And herewith you receive their Commission.

Mr. [John A.] Terry in his Voyage to England was taken Prisoner by the French, and remains so; He wrote to the Trustees for some Assistance, but as he came from Georgia without their Directions, non was given him.

The furnishing Servants for Georgia is the Plan the Trustees highly approve of, and are endeavouring to perfect. To open a Supply from Germany in the same manner as Philadelphia did.

The Trustees recommend to the Inhabitants in the South, the Pattern of Industry shown by the Saltzburghers, who have entered upon the Silk Affair with Success, and to whom full Instructions are going for perfecting the same; as also to the President and Assistants in Georgia for extending that Business of Produce, which by proper Management will not interfere with the necessary Labour for Maintenance.


Harman Verelst to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, March 18, 1746/7, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 251, concerning instructions on silk production.

Sir

I recd your Letter dated the 16th. of September last which I laid before the Trustees, and the Secretary having wrote fully to you, and mentioned some Instructions relating to the Production of Raw Silk to be sent you, they are intitled Remarks on a Book called the compendious Account of the Art of Breeding, Nursing, and right ordering of the Silk Worm, which you receive herewith; The said Book you received several of before, to which References are made.

The Instructions for drawing or winding off the Silk from the Coquons or Silk Balls will be sent you this Week by the Betsey Captn. Hore; But there being a perfect Model of a Machine sent with this Conveyance to the President and Assistants, they are directed to give you Notice thereof, and they with you to consider of making Machines therefrom, which is computed 4 Times the Size of every Material to be a true Proportion for them. It is compleatly fixed to prevent Mistakes by taking it to Pieces to put together again, with Marks and References; It has some Silk on drawn here from Cocoons, and properly crossd for working from them, which are fastend to it to shew the Method; The hollow Iron thro the Holes of which the Silk goes, is made so for sprinkling and receiving cold Water on it, when heated by the hot Water the Cocoons are in under it; And the Brass Wires support the Conveyance of the Silk to the Reel, and two Reels are necessary to each Machine when one is wet to be taken out for a dry one to supply it, but that will be in the other Instructions.

There is a Skain of Raw Silk sent for a Sample to make the Thread of all which may be drawn of the same Size, it being composed of 15 to 20 Cocoons or Silk Balls; a String of Cocoons from Italy is also sent to shew the manner of stringing them for breeding, and a small Brush of Heath for the Reeler to use to find the Ends of the Cocoons with.


Harman Verelst to the President and Assistants in Ga., March 18, 1746/7, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 252-257, concerning expenses in Ga. 1743-44, sola bills sent, estimate of Ga. expenses 1747-48, supplies sent, information about church building, mail to go via naval vessels, John Calwells appointment as conservator of the peace, and instructions on silk production. By the Adventure Man of War, Capt. Hamar.

Sir and Gentlemen

The Trustees have recd a Letter from the President to their Accountant dated 15th. September last, with the Journals, Papers and Accounts therewith sent by the Tartar Man of War; Among which is the General Account of Expences for the Year ending at Michaelmas 1744, wherein the Sum of 5.2.10 and the Sum of 31.2.6 1/2 being taken Credit for under the heads of repairing Indian Arms and of Charges of Indians going to War &c. besides the Sum of 62.14.1 for Charges of Indians on the Civil Account. And the said Sums of 31.2.6 1/2 and 5.2.10 appearing to be Military Expenses, you are to apply to Major Horton the Commanding Officer in Georgie to reimburse them to you. And the Trustees direct that no Military Expence whatsoever which may happen to incurr in Georgia shall for the future be defrayed with their Cash, and if any has been since Michaelmas 1744, and before the Receipt of this Letter you are immediately to apply to the said Commanding Officer for the Reimbursement thereof. There is also recd the Account of Payments made in Georgia for the half Year from Michaelmas 1744 to Lady Day 1745, with the State of the Balance then unapplied; But it will be more satisfactory to the Trustees to have the General Account of Expences in Georgia made up half yearly, under the several Heads thereof; You are therefore desired after making up the Years Account to Michas 1745, and the Years Account to Michas last, that you will make up the General Account for the half Year to Lady Day next, in the same manner, and so continue to do it half yearly. The Vouchers recd, which are either Duplicates or Copies of Receipts, or Mr. [William] Russells Affidavits where Receipts were not taken, have been examined for supporting the said Accounts from Michas 1743 to Lady 1745, and are found satisfactory, excepting in the Entry under the Receipt of Margaret Avery dated 30th. November 1744 for sundry Draughts &c. drawn by her late Husband on Account of Salary due to him as Surveyor amounting to 12.5.21/2. It is noted, Draughts drawn and Cash paid my late Husband 9.15.4, Sundrys out of the Trustees Magazine 2.9.10 1/2. Which Sundries being taken Credit for as Cash, the Trustees expect it should be explained to be part of Value which has been or is in Charge in the Accounts to them, for otherwise it ought not to be taken Credit for as Cash paid.

The Trustees estimated Expences in Georgia from Lady Day 1745 were computed at 1626.13.4 a Year, and the Particulars thereof sent over; But by the Account of the half Year ending the said Lady Day 1745 the real Expences appear to be much less, agreable to the Instructions sent the President to make all possible Savings in the computed Estimates, which the Trustees very much approve of.

The Balance unapplied at Lady Day 1745 by the said Account recd appears to be 268.-.5 1/4 besides what Shoes may be in the Store unused. Since which 500, in Sola Bills were remitted and received by the Judith Captain Quarme 400. more in Sola Bills by the Success Captain Thomson, and 378.1.9 more in Bills of Exchange and Monies which appear to have been recd by the President and Mr. [William] Hopton for the Trustees Use (including the Reimbursement of the 20 remitted Nicholas Rigby). But the 500 in Sola Bills sent by the Loyal Katherine Captain White having been taken, the Trustees have supplied that Misfortune by now sending 500 other Sola Bills to answer the same; And have also sent 600 more in Sola Bills towards compleating their Real Expences in Georgia to Lady Day next, the whole together amounting to 2646.2.21/4. And Mr. William Hopton has been wrote to about the said 500 Sola Bills, which were taken, the endeavour the Recovery thereof from the Havanna which if he succeeds in, and you receive the same, will bring you very forward in the ensuing Years Expences.

The 1100 in Sola Bills sent hereiwth consist of 600 of l each in six Books Letter A No. 11,401 to 12,000. And of 100 of 5 each in one Book Letter C No. 1,751 to 1,850.

The Trustees have herewith sent you an Estimate to taken Place as soon as you receive the same; Wherein some of the Heads of Account are reduced and thrown into the Article for Incidental Charges in the whole Province, the Nature of them being properly so; The Total now estimated for one Year amounts only to 1211.13.4, to which the Allowance to Tything men at Savannah and the Parish Clerk at Frederica as limited and described after the estimated Articles, may prove an Addition.

The Trustees have sent by the Betsey Captain Hore, which takes the Benefit of this Convoy, the Stationary Ware you desired, some Paint and Oyl for the Church at Savannah, some Medicines in a Chest (the Key of the Padlock whereof is sent herewith) and other Parcels; Whereof an Invoice will be sent you therewith; But it being noted in the Secretarys Letter, that you should tar the Outside of the Church, and strow Sand on it to prevent its running; And the Trustees having since received Information, that it may not so well answer as painting the Outside, it is left to your Direction to do therein what will best suit the Climate, and be most durable.

This Letter goes by the Adventure Man of War in the Box with the beforementioned Sola Bills, and Captain Hamar the Commander received an Order from the Admiralty, not only to take it on board, but also to direct, that when any Ship is bound from South Carolina to England, her Commander do receive on board and take Care of any Boxes of Papers directed to the Georgia Office; Which the Secretary of the Admiralty having signified to the Trustees, herewith you receive a Copy thereof; and another Copy is sent to Mr. [William] Hopton at Charles Town.

The Secretarys Letter to Mr. [John] Calwell and the Appointment of him a Conservator of the Peace at Frederica are sent you herewith, to consult Major Horton thereupon (the Letter being open for that purpose); For the Trustees have since the writing the said Letter been informed, that Mr. Calwell lately came from Augustine with a Flag of Truce. They therefore think it necessary you should have Major Hortons Account of the Occasion thereof, and his Opinion of Mr. Calwells Fitness to be thus taken Notice of, before the said Letter and Commission be sent to Mr. Calwell.

The Instructions relating to the Production of Raw Silk mentioned in the Secretarys Letter are intitled Remarks on a Book called the Compendious Account of the Art of breeding, nursing and right ordering of the Silk Worm, which you receive herewith; The said Book to which References are made, you received several of before.

The Instructions for drawing or winding off the Silk from the Cocoons or Silk Balls will be sent you this Week by the Betsey Captain Hore; But there being a perfect Model of a Machine sent with this Conveyance, you are directed to give Notice thereof to Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius, and not meddle with the present Position of it until he is present; That you and he may consider of making Machines therefrom, which is computed 4 Times the Size of every Material to be a true proportion for them. It is compleatly fixed to prevent Mistakes by taking it to Pieces to put together again, with Marks and References; It has some Silk on drawn here from Cocoons and properly crossed for working from them, which are fastend to it to shew the Method. The hollow Iron, through the Holes of which the Silk goes is made so, for sprinkling and receiving cold Water on it, when heated by the hot Water the Cocoons are in under it; And the Brass Wires support the Conveyance of the Silk to the Reel, and two Reels are necessary to each Machine, that when one is too wet, it may be taken out for a dry one to supply it; But that will be in the other Instructions. When you unfasten the above Model, please to untye first the Papers hanging to the hollow Iron, in each of which is a Cocoon with a little Silk on, from which thro each Hole of the said Iron it is drawn thro, and crossed properly before placed on the Brass Wires for conveying it to the Reel; Which Care is necessary, least this material Particular should be lost by breaking the Silk, or too suddenly drawing or winding off the Cocoons, which must be put into something to hold them when taken out of the Papers they are at present wrapped in; Then you may untye the two other Parts fastened with Tape and by turning the Reel, the Motion and Use of the whole is at once seen.

There is a Skain of Raw Silk sent for a Sample to make the Thread of all which may be drawn of the same Size, it being composed of 15 to 20 Cocoons or Silk Balls, and is a Sort of which larger Quantities may be sooner made and which is of more Use in England than the very fine Sort. There is also a String of Cocoons from Italy sent you to shew the manner of stringing them for Breeding, and a small Brush of Heath for the Reeler to use to find the Ends of the Cocoons with.



To such Tythingmen where ten Families or upwards are in the Tythings to which they severally belong 5.-.- a Year each is yet to be allowed; But no Tythingman is to have any Allowance as such, unless there are ten Families or upwards in the Tything to which he belongs. Which is expected will reduce the Number intitled to the 5.- a Year to under ten, who have heretofore been paid.

The Allowance of 20.-a Year to the Gardiner at Savannah is suspended, until the President and Assistants do certify to the Trustees, what Utility the Garden is of to the Trust, to answer the said Expence.

The 5.- a Year before allowed to the Parish Clerk at Frederica is not estimated to be paid, unless the President and Assistants are properly satisfied, that Divine Service is regularly performd there, which may require a Parish Clerk.

The 60 a Year to Mrs. [Jane Mary] Camuses Family, and the Allowance of 15 for the Extraordinaries in winding off Silk Balls are suspended, till further Order.

The 100 a Year to the Land Surveyor of the Province discontinued at Mr. [Joseph] Averys Death, and Mr. Thomas Ellis is paid for the surveying as he does it; Whereof for such Work as is performed for the Trustees, he is to be paid out of the Allowance for Incidental Charges in the whole Province, at the same Rate as he is paid by other People.

And the Allowances before estimated for mending Militia Arms Expences in the Execution of Justice in Criminal Cases, and Charges of the Indians when they come to the Towns in Georgia on a Civil Account, are to be defrayed out of the said Allowance for Incidental Charges in the whole Province being in their Nature occasional; And that Allowance found sufficient to bear the same.


Harman Verelst to the President and Assistants in Ga., March 18, 1746/7, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 257, telling of sending a machine for winding silk. By the Adventure Man of War, Capt. Hamar.

Sir & Gentlemen

This advises you of a Box directed to you on board the Adventure Man of War Captain Hamar, wherein is a Model of a Machine for the drawing or winding of Silk from the Cocoons, which requires Care in taking it out. At present it is fixed by two Pieces of Wood upon the Stand to keep it steady in the Voyage, into which Pieces Nails are drove from the Outside of the Box, but where Lines are markd on them, a small Saw will go thro one End of each Piece to reduce it, and the other Ends will then easily wrench from the Nails, and the Nails then being drove out backwards, will set the Machine at Liberty unhurt. But you had best take out all the Books of Sola Bills, and Letters and Parcels first.

There is two Cocoons fastend to the Model, and Silk drawn from them to shew the Use of the Machine, and if by Accident the Silk conveyed from the Cocoons to the Reel should be broke, the Instructions which will come by the Betsey Captain Hore will direct you how to put it right again, for the Model to work as the Machine should.

[P.S.] If this should be sent with the Box from Port Royal by Captain Hamar, you will defray the Charges attending the same.


Harman Verelst to the President and Assistants in Ga., March 23, 1746/7, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 257-259, listing items sent and sending painting and silk instructions. By the Betsey, Capt. Hore; by the Hopewell, Capt. Kitching.

Sir & Gentlemen

Herewith you receive an Invoice of what is shipped on board the Betsey Captain William Hore, and consignd to Mr. Wm. Hopton at Charles Town to be forwarded to you.

The Chest of Medicines therein mentioned are for the Supply of the Store under your Care, for Mr. [Patrick] Graham to dispense to those he shall have the Charge of for the 20 a Year allowed to him for that Service; There is a Partition between the Medicinal and Surgery, and the Particulars of each within the Chest, which lyes uppermost over each. There will now be no Occasion for Bills as heretofore; as the Trustees find the Medicines, and allow as above for the dispensing them.

The Case of Stationary Ware for your Use, and the Secretary, and Magistrates, contains also two Copper Basons for holding Cocoons whereof one with the Cutts, for the Use of the Germans at Acton and Vernonburgh, and the Saltzburghers, as wanted. The Machine for the said Germans may be made, either from the Model sent over, or the Machine there already.

In the said Case is also 4 round Brushes and 3 Sash Tools in a Bundle to be used in painting the Church at Savannah, for which 2 Casks of Oyl and 2 Casks of Paint are sent over. You are to direct to soke the Brushes in Water before used, and when dry to take one of them and dust the Boards well before the Paint is laid on; And that when the Paint is opend, it will be proper to keep it coverd with Water, in Order to keep it from Skinning. Some Paint must be taken out into a large Pott, then some of the Linseed Oyl must be taken and mix with it. The Work must be painted three times over, the first Time must be laid on thinnest, the next Time a little thicker, and the last Time thickest of all; But the first Colour must be thorough dry before it is painted over again, and likewise the second; And the Brushes must be kept in Water after they have been used, to prevent them drying.

The Box directed to you contains some fine Heath to make Brushes of according to the Sample sent you by the Adventure Man of War, for the Reelers of Silk to use to find the Ends of the Cocoons or Silk Balls with; And there is also some Brass Wire therein of a proper Size to fix in the Machines, which may be made from the Model sent over by the said Man of War; Of both which Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius must be supplied with.

The Instructions for drawing or winding off the Silk from the Cocoons or Silk Balls are not yet finished, by Reason it will be attended with a Draught of the Machine to referr to, for making them intelligible; But it is hoped, they will reach the Ship before her sailing from Spithead, and you are to let Mr. Bolzius have the immediate Use of them.

The rest of the Invoice vizt. Two Casks of Oyl, and two Casks of Paint, a Cask of wrot. Iron &c, a pair of Millstones, a Case directed to Mr. Bolzius, 2 Cases markd HPB, and 1 Pipe markd BL, all go to New Ebenezer; Which you are desired to forward to Mr. Bolzius there.


Invoice of Parcels shipped by the Trustees, and consignd to Mr. William Hopton at Charles Town, on board the Betsey Captain William Hore.


For Savannah


2

Rundletts, and 2 Casks containing 3 cwt. 3: 5 of Lead Colour Ground, and 22 Gallons & 1 Pint of Painting Oyl.

And the following Parcels for Ebenezer whereof the Invoice is sent to Mr. Bolzius.


2

Rundletts, and 2 Casks of Paint and Oyl

A

Cask of wrot. Iron &c.

a

pair of Millstones

a

Case directed to Mr. Bolzius

2

Cases markd HPB
And 1 Pipe markd BL


Harman Verelst to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, March 23, 1746/7, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 259-261, listing items sent, giving painting instructions, and silk winding machine. By the Betsey, Capt. Hore; by the Hopewell, Capt. Kitching.

Sir

Herewith you receive an Invoice of those Parcels sent you by this Conveyance, which supplies you with Paint and Oyl for preserving your two Churches, the one in the Town, and the other in the Plantations. The Brushes for the Paint are to be soked in Water before used, and when dry, with one of them the Boards are to be well dusted before the Paint is laid on. When the Paint is opened, it will be proper to keep it coverd with Water, in Order to keep it from Skinning; Some Paint must be taken out into a large Pott, then some of the Linseed Oyl must be taken and mix with it. The Work must be painted three Times over, the first Time must be laid on thinnest, the next Time a little thicker, and the last Time thickest of all; But the first Colour must be thorough dry, before it is painted over again, and likewise the second. And the Brushes must be kept in Water after they have been used, to prevent them drying.

The said Paint, Oyl, and Tools, together with a pair of Mill Stones for the Corn Mill, the Timber and Trace Chains, and Hempen Cord, and Leather for Horse Collars, the Trustees sent you on the Application of Mr. [Friedrich Michael] Ziegenhagen, representing your Wants thereof.

The Trustees also orderd 20 Sterl. to be paid to him for his purchasing you a new Gown and Cassock, and some Clothing; which is sent you as a Reward for your great Care and good Conduct in the Religious and Civil Concerns of the Saltzburghers in Georgia.

The Case markd HPB put into the Warehouse in November 1745 (which was after Captain Quarme sailed from London) is very possible that, you might have had Advice of as shippd then, which now comes by this Conveyance, and thereby you found it missing. You receive also another Case of the same Mark and a Cask from Hamburgh markd BL.

The Instructions for drawing or winding off the Silk from the Cocoons or Silk Balls are not yet finished, by Reason it will be attended with a Draught of the Machine to referr to, for making them intelligible; But it is hoped they will reach the Ship before her sailing from Spithead. And the President and Assistants in Georgia are to let you have the immediate Use of them.

There is also sent to the said President and Assistants some fine Heath to make Brushes of according to the Sample sent by the Adventure Man of War, for the Reelers of Silk to use to find the Ends of the Cocoons or Silk Balls with; And also some Brass Wire of the proper Size to fix in the Machines, which may be made from the Model sent by the said Man of War. Of both which they are orderd to supply you.


Invoice of Parcels ordered to be sent to Mr. Bolzius at Ebenezer, by the President and Assistants in Georgia, on their receiving the same from Mr. William Hopton at Charles Town, to whom they were consignd.

2 Rundletts and 2 Casks containing 3 cwt.:3:7 of Lead Colour ground, and 20 Gallons of Linseed Oyl.

A Cask containing 99 pds. of Hempen Cord of 2 Sizes and 2 Timber, and 12 Trace Chains.

A pair of Millstones

A Case directed to Mr. Bolzius containing, a Gown and Wearing Apparel sent from the Trustees as a Present to him, and also two dozen of tand Bazels19 for Horse Collars for the Use of the Saltzburghers, and 6 round Brushes, and 4 Sash Tools, to be used in painting their Churches.

HPB. A Case which came into the Kings Warehouse 2d November 1745.

HPB. A Case which came into the Kings Warehouse in December 1746.

& BL. A Pipe20 containing Beds, Linnen Medicines, Books and Stockings from Hamburgh, recd from Captain Plahn 19th. March 1746.


Harman Verelst to the President and Assistants in Ga., March 24, 1746/7, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 261-262, concerning letters received, officers appointed, and Samuel Clee. By the Betsey, Capt. Hore; by the Hopewell, Capt. Kitching.

Sir and Gentlemen

The Letter from the President to the Trustees Accotant dated 31st. July last was this day recd, together with the List of Leases and Conveyances under the Seal, and signd by the Register the 17th. of the said Month, which the Trustees are glad to have recd as there has been so unfortunate an Interruption to Correspondence in this Time of War.

Mr. [William] Stephenss Journal from 28th. May to 30th. July last was also recd, wherein Mrs. [Jane Mary] Camuses Behaviour appears very extraordinary, tho not more so than usual; The Trustees have great Reason to believe the Silk Production will be soon accomplishd by the Instructions sent and sending over, without being subject to the Caprice of this Woman. Mr. [Thomas] Bosomworths Behaviour in presuming to take Lands of the Indians will be duly considerd, and proper Instructions sent about it. And the Trustees direct you to call upon, and demand of him, the Remainder of the Furniture he had for the Parsonage House at Savannah, which he short delivered to Mr. [Bartholomew] Zouberbuhler, or the Value of what is deficient of the List of Particulars and that Receipt he signd under it to be accountable for the same, which was sent to Mr. William Stephens in September 1743 when Mr. Bosomworth went over, in Order that he might render an account thereof when requird.

It was very prudent in You the President and Assistants, not to give Way to the Propositions for drawing Bills on the Trustees in your Distress which Distress arose from the Loyal Katherine Captain White being taken; And the Method you took to relieve such Distress was also very well judged.

The Trustees are glad to find that the Cowpen produced you some Steers to help in Time of Need; But they are sorry to find that the German Servants prove lazy, and nice in their Food at the same Time.

You did well to assist Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius with the Timber Chain he wanted, and you cannot recommend your Selves more to the Trustees Favour, than by encouraging and countenancing him and the Saltzburghers under his Care, who are become an Example of Industry worthy the Imitation of every Inhabitant of Georgia.

Mr. [Thomas] Salters Proposition for making Bricks and the granting to him the Lease of ten Acres of Land on Hutchinsons Island for that purpose under the Conditions you mention, the Trustees think right, and will lay it before their Common Council for Approbation.

The Trustees also this Day recd the Presidents Letters to their Accotant dated 11th. 15 & 18 December last and one to their Secretary, with the Journal, Papers, and the Account & Copies of Receipts discharging Salaries &c. to 25th. June 1745 sent therewith by the Elliot Captain Liddle. As to the 20 paid Nicholas Rigby 26 November 1744, and placed to the Trustees account, if you charge your Self in the Trustees future Account with the said 20 received back for their Use, it will answer the same Thing and stand very regular; You are therefore to do so.

As the Trustees now know that Mr. [Samuel] Marcer has accepted the Office of 3d. Bailiff of Savannah; They will lay the same before their Common Council for appointing Mr. [William] Spencer the 2d. Bailiff, Mr. Marcer the 3d. Bailiff, and for removing Mr. [John] Pye & appointing Mr. Charles Watson, Recorder in his Room; And their several Appointments under the Seal will be sent you.

And as to what related to Samuel Clees Affair received from the President, it will, clear up that Matter to Mr. Gislingham Cooper the Banker, who had interested himself therein.


Harman Verelst to the Rev. Bartholomew Zouberbuhler, March 24, 1746/ 7, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 262-263, concerning parsonage furniture, John J. Zubly, and bill of exchange to Verelst. By the Betsey, Capt. Hore; by the Hopewell, Capt. Kitching.

Sir

Your Letter of the 14th. of August last I this Day recd, being the only one since your Arrival; Those you wrote before having been taken in their Passage. The melancholy Voyage you had gave the Trustees Concern, but the Provindential Preservation under such Distress, and your Ability to contribute to it, must be Duly acknowledged.

The small List of Furniture you recd from Mr. [Thomas] Bosomworth is very provoking in him to the Trustees, after their so amply supplying the Parsonage House, which he signd a List to be accountable for; The President and Assistants are therefore directed to demand the same of him, or the Value for what is deficient. The said signd List was sent over to Mr. [William] Stephens in September 1743 when Mr. Bosomworth went over, in Order to call him to an Account for the same when required; And herewith you receive a Copy of the Particulars, the Trustees then sent for that purpose.

The Letter from the Trustees Secretary by this Conveyance to you will set the Affair of Mr. [John J.] Zubli in a true Light, and conduct your Behaviour agreable to the Trustees Inclination concerning the Germans at Acton and Vernonburgh.

The Bill of 12.10.- you sent on Mr. Tryon, to reimburse me, I dont doubt but will meet with due Honour.


Harman Verelst to the President and Assistants in Ga., April 13, 1747, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 263, concnerning instructions for winding silk. By the Adventure Man of War, Capt. Hamar.

Sir and Gentlemen

In my Letter to you dated the 18th. of last month I acquainted you, that the Instructions for drawing or winding off the Silk from the Cocoons or Silk Balls would be sent you by the Betsey Captain Hore; But there was not Time to compleat them to go by that Conveyance, nor can they yet be finished; And if they were, the Detention of the Adventure Man of War for the Trade, and a Store Ship to be under her Convoy, makes it too late for their Arrival to make any Progress therein this Season. But they will be sent by the first opportunity after they are ready.

The Instructions already sent you will direct the Inhabitants how to preserve a sufficient Quantity of their best Cocoons this Year, for a plentifull Supply of Eggs for the next Springs; Of both which Advices now sent you please to acquaint Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius at Ebenezer.


Benjamin Martyn to Chretien Von Munch at Augsburgh, April 13, 1747, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 264, thanking him for his help to the Salzburgers, telling him of their progress in silk culture, Trustees to allow rum importation into Ga. to help lumber sales, Von Munch and Samuel Urlsperger elected corresponding members of the Trust, and communications from them welcome.

Sir

I recd the Honour of your Letter dated Augsbourg Janry 12th, which I laid before the Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia; They are truly sensible of your Goodness to the Saltzburghers at Ebenezer, not only in the Assistance which you have given them in Money and Effects, but in your Advice also. As you in particular recommend to them the Culture of Silk, I have the Pleasure to acquaint you, that they have sent over to the Trustees a small Parcel as a Specimen of their Industry. They learnt to wind it by Books only, and considering they had no other Instruction it was as good as could be expected. In Order however to make them perfect in the Art of winding it, an eminent Silk Merchant here, who made sufficient Tryal of theirs, has drawn up proper Instructions for them, which I have inclosd in a Letter to Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius.

That the Saltzburghers may reap some Fruits of their Labour from the Saw Mill which they have erected, the Trustees have it in their Thoughts to open a Way for disposing of the Lumber cut by it, and are now preparing a Law for permitting the Importation of Rum into the Colony of Georgia from the British Islands in America, by Way of Barter for their Lumber, which will probably prove an advantageous Trade to them in a short Time.

Sir, I should have acknowledged the honour of your Letter sooner, but I waited to have the Pleasure, which I now take, in acquainting you, That at the Anniversary Meeting of the Trustees, appointed for the Election of Members. You was unanimously chosen a corresponding Member. The Revd Mr. Saml. Urlsperger of Augsbourg was elected at the same time; His Zeal for the Happiness of the Settlement at Ebenezer will cooperate with yours, and the Trustees are persuaded that the Choice of two such worthy Persons, will prove of great Benefit to the Saltzburghers at present in the Colony, and any other German Protestants who may want such an Asylum.

Whatever you may, either jointly or seperately, find necessary to communicate to the Trustees, youll be pleasd to direct to me at the Georgia Office in Queens Square Westminster and your Letters shall be punctually laid before the Trustees, and shall be regularly answerd.


Benjamin Martyn to the Rev. Samuel Urlsperger at Augsburgh, April 13, 1747, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 265, concerning no Negroes to be allowed in Ga., Salzburger silk production, Trustees to allow importation of rum to help lumber sales, Urlsperger and Chretien Von Munch elected corresponding Members of the Trust, and communications from them welcome.

Sir

I hope you recd my Letter dated October 1st. 1746, and that it entirely freed you from Apprehensions, that the Trustees would ever consent to the Introduction of Negroes into the Colony of Georgia. Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius I believe is very well satisfied in that Particular. The Trustees have heard from him lately, and his Letters, as they usually are, were very satisfactory. He sent over a small Parcel of Silk raisd by the Saltzburghers at Ebenezer, as a Specimen of what they can do, and considering they had no Instruction in the Art of winding it, but what they found in Books sent to them, it was as well done as could be expected. In order however to make them more perfect, I have sent to Mr. Bolzius some Instructions drawn up by an eminent Italian Merchant, versd in the Business, who made Tryal of their Silk in Order to know wherein they were defective.

I hope the Saltzburghers will soon find the good Effects of their Labour in erecting their Saw Mill, for the Trustees are preparing a Law to allow the Importation of Rum from the British Islands in America into the Colony of Georgia, by Way of Barter for Lumber; By which means they will always be sure of a Market.

The Trustees, Sir, knowing your Zeal for the Welfare of the Saltzburghers at Ebenezer, and any other distressd Protestants who may want such an Asylum, have unanimously elected you a corresponding Member of the Trust, at the last Meeting appointed for such Elections. Mr. Chretien Von Munch of Augsbourg was chosen one at the same time, so that you will be able to assist each other in carrying on any necessary Correspondence with the Trustees; And whatever you may think proper to be communicated to them, your Letters, directed to me at the Georgia Office in Queens Square, Westminster shall be punctually laid before them, and shall be regularly answerd.


Benjamin Martyn to Chancellor of the Exchequer Henry Pelham, May 11, 1747, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 266, requesting the 4000 voted by Parliament be paid to the Trustees.

Sir

As you was pleasd to procure His Majestys Sign Manual Warrant and Order for issuing to the Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia in America the Sum of 4000 granted out of the Supplies for the Year 1746, for the further settling & improving the said Colony; The Trustees being in great Want thereof, desire you will order a Letter to the Auditory of the Exchequer, as usual, for issuing the same.


Benjamin Martyn to William Stephens, July 17, 1747, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 266-267, concerning sola bills, James Campbells petition for land, Archibald Campbells grant, James Billinghursts grant, Thomas Bosomworths land holdings, and minutes of the trial of John A. Terry for rape. By the Charming Nancy, Capt. Arthur Gould.

Sir

The Trustees are glad to find by a short Letter from you dated the 13th. of last March, that the Sola Bills for 500, which had been taken and carried to the Havannah, are recoverd; By these you and the Assistants will be able, not only to defray the estimated Expences to Lady Day last, but there will be a Surplus for the present Year; And another Parcel of Sola Bills for 500 will be sent by the first Opportunity.

James Campbell Esqr. Chief Engineer for the Provinces of South Carolina and Georgia has petitiond the Trustees for a Grant of the Lot on the Island St. Simons, which was formerly the Property of Captain Albert Desbrisay, but is now lapsed (as the Petition alledges) to the Trustees Capt. Desbrisay being dead without Issue. The Trustees order, that an Inquiry should be made by you and the Assistants, whether any Person is in possession of the said Land, or claims it as Heir to Captn. Desbrisay; And in Case there is none, They consent to Mr. Campbells being put in possession of it.

The Trustees have likewise resolvd to grant to Mr. Archibald Campbell, five hundred acres of Land within a small Distance of St. Simons.

General [James] Oglethorpe has acquainted the Trustees, that Mr. James Billinghurst applied for a Grant of the Island near the Orphan House, and he laid before them the Extract of a Resolution which You and the Assistants came to in a Council assembled February 12th. 1745/6 vizt. That there was no Objection to the said James Billinghursts having a Grant of the Island he petitiond for, either with Regard to the Situation or of its ever being granted to any other Person. The Trustees, upon this Minute, have resolvd to grant the said Island, Provided that it does not exceed 500 Acres, or that Mr. Billinghurst will not thereby, and other Means, be in possession of more than 500 Acres.

This leads me to acquaint you, that the Trustees have taken into Consideration the several Paragraphs in the Journal of May 30th., June 13th., and 16th., July 2d, 5th., and 19th. and November 14th. and 20th. 1746, relating to Mr. [Thomas] Bosomworth. They cannot help being alarmd at his Conduct, and at his setting in a manner the Laws at Defiance, not only in the Instance mentiond in a former Journal of employing Negroes, but in acquiring, by any means, such different Parcels of Land, which must be vastly beyond the Proportion allowd by His Majestys Charter to any Inhabitant of the Colony. The Trustees think you should have observd this to him, when he askd if you had no Objection to his putting such a Stock of Cattle on St. Catherines Island. However, they desire you will take the first Opportunity to talk with him and Mrs. [Mary] Bosomworth without acquainting them that it is by Order, or with the Knowledge of the Trustees; And that Youll explain to them His Majestys Charter, that the Trustees have not even a Power of granting more than 500 Acres to any one Person; And that no Possession, no Claim of Land, under any Title whatsoever, will be of any Avail, unless it is by a Grant under His Majestys Charter. In the mean Time, the Trustees desire you will take proper Methods for knowing, and for acquainting them, what Quantity of Land, as near as can be, Mr. Bosomworth has in possession.

It may be needless to observe to you, that some Caution and Tenderness must be usd with Mr. Bosomworth and his Wife in this Affair, least, in so critical a Time as the present War, they might find Means to make the Indians uneasy and incense them against the Trustees, and those under their Protection.

The Trustees desire that the Proceedings of the Town Court may be constantly sent to them, and particularly Those relating to the Prosecuting of Mr. [John A.] Terry for a Rape must be sent by the first Opportunity.


Benjamin Martyn to Alexander Gordon, Clerk of the Council of S.C., July 22, 1747, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 268, informing him of a lost packet. By the Charming Nancy, Capt. Arthur Gould.

Sir

I have recd yours dated March 31st. 1747, with Advice that you had put on board the Ship Fame Captn. Thomas Thompson a Packet, directed to the Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia. This Ship has not yet been heard of, and is therefore supposd to be lost.

The Trustees have a just Sense of the Kindness and Care, with which the Governor and Council of South Carolina have been pleasd to forward the Dispatches to them, and they desire you will deliver them their Thanks for the same.


Harman Verelst to the President and Assistants in Ga., Aug. 5, 1745, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 268, concerning appointments to office, sola bills recovered from the Spanish and more sent. By the Charming Nancy, Capt. Arthur Gould.

Sir and Gentlemen

In the Trustees Letter of the 24th. of March last you were acquainted, that the Appointments of Mr. William Spencer to the Office of second Bailiff of Savannah, Mr. Samuel Marcer to the Office of third Bailiff of Savannah (both of whom are also Assistants) and of Mr. Charles Watson to the Office of Recorder there, would be sent you under the Seal of the Trustees; By this Conveyance you receive the same. Please to take Notice, that upon Mr. Marcers being appointed the third Bailiff and Assistant, Mr. [Patrick] Graham is the fourth Assistant; And no fifth Assistant being yet appointed, the 20 a Year provided in the Estimate for such fifth Assistant will be saved until another is appointed. And there is also a Saving in the Salary of second Bailiff and Assistant for the time the said Offices were vacant.

On the 8th. of June last the Trustees Accountant received a Letter from the President dated the 13th. of March before with the agreable News of the 500 in Sola Bills sent by the Loyal Katherine Captain White, and taken by the Spaniards, having been recovered for the Service of the Trustees estimated Expences in Georgia, which by the Adventure Man of War Captn. Hamar, the Trustees had replaced by another like Value in Sola Bills; Whereby you have recd, not only sufficient to clear all the Trustees Expences in Georgia to Lady Day last, but an Advance to set you forward in the present Years Expences; And you now receive 500 more in the Trustees Sola Bills for the same Service, which consist of 200 of l each Letter A No. 12001 to 12200 in two Books, and 60 of 5.- each Letter C. No. 1851 to 1910 in another Book.


Harman Verelst to Charles Watson, Recorder of Savannah, Sept. 26, 1747, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 269, concerning his bill of exchange on Verelst. By the Friendship, Capt. William Cleeland.

Sir

Your Letter dated 10th. March last21 advising of the necessity you had to draw a Bill on me for 10 in favour of Mr. John Leggatt, by reason of your Illness on Ship board, and for six Weeks after you got on Shore at Frederica, has been laid before a Committee of the Georgia Trust; Who orderd the Payment thereof, and that I should send Notice to the President and Assistants at Savannah of the said Payment in Order for their charging you therewith in Case you have officiated in the Office of Recorder there from your Arrival at Savannah, so as to intitle you to the Salaries and Allowance to the Recorder and his Clerk before your Appointment came over, which was lately sent and is dated the 29th. of May last; But if otherwise, that then the said 10 should not be charged upon you out of what shall become due to you under the Constitution so appointing you Recorder; The Committee being of Opinion to allow the same as they had the other Sums paid you in England out of the Savings on their Estimate of the Salaries and Allowance to the second Bailiff, and one of the Assistants of Savannah in Georgia, from your leaving the Colony in the Year 1745 to Mr. Wm. Spencers succeeding you.


Harman Verelst to the President and Assistants in Ga., Sept. 26, 1747, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 269-270, concerning Charles Watsons bill of exchange on Verelst. By the Friendship, Capt. William Cleeland.

Sir and Gentlemen

Mr. Charles Watson having represented his Illness on Ship board, and after his landing at Frederica, by a Letter dated at Savannah 10th. March last, and that he was there from necessitated to draw a Bill on me for 10.- in favour of Mr. John Leggatt; I laid the same before a Committee of the Georgia Trust, who ordered the Payment of it, and that I should send you Notice thereof, in Order for your charging him with it in Case he has officiated in the Office of Recorder at Savannah from his Arrival there, so as to intitle him to the Salaries and Allowance to the Recorder and his Clerk before his Appointment came over, which was lately sent and is dated 29th. May last. But if he is not so intitled then the said 10.- is not to be a Charge upon him out of what shall become due to him under the Constitution so appointing him Recorder; The Committee being of Opinion to allow the said 10 as they had the other Sums paid him in England out of the Savings on their Estimate of the Salaries and Allowance to the second Bailiff and one of the Assistants of Savannah in Georgia from the said Mr. Watsons leaving the Colony in the Year 1745, until Mr. William Spencer succeeded him.


Harman Verelst to the President and Assistants in Ga., Oct. 31, 1747, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 270, concerning lost mail and suggestion that indigo may be raised in Ga. By the Hopewell, Capt. Kitching.

Sir and Gentlemen

Fearing the Betsey Captn. Hore, who sailed from England under Convoy of the Adventure Man of War, is taken; Herewith you receive Copies of the Trustees Letters dated 23d & 24th. March last sent by her. I have wrote to Mr. [William] Hopton to endeavour recovering the Parcels shippd on board and consignd to him to be forwarded to Georgia, in Case the Ship is at the Havannah or Augustine, and to Mr. Rutledge and Major [William] Horton to assist therein, if they can. For it is possible, a reasonable Consideration for them may obtain the Delivery. But if not, I have by this Conveyance sent anew the same Quantity of Stationary Ware, which went by the Betsey for your Use, the Secretary and Magistrates, which I hope will come safe.

Herewith you receive Father Le Bats Account of the Culture and Management of Indigo; Wherein Carolina having made a Progress it may be worthy the Attention of the Inhabitants of Georgia to consider of attempting.


Harman Verelst to the Rev. Bartholomew Zouberbuhler, Oct. 31, 1747, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 270, concerning lost mail. By the Hopewell, Capt. Kitching.

Sir

Your Letter by Mr. Hunter was recd 25th. September last, and will be soon taken into Consideration. Herewith you receive a Copy of the Trustees Letter dated 24th. March last to you, sent by the Betsey Captn. Hore, whom I fear is taken.


Harman Verelst to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, Oct. 31, 1747, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 271, stating the ship Betsey, feared captured by the Spanish. By the Hopewell, Capt. Kitching.

Reverend Sir

Fearing the Betsey Captn. Hore, is taken, herewith you receive a Copy of the Trustees Letter dated 23d. March last sent by that Ship. I have wrote to Mr. [William] Stephens and Mr. [William] Hopton, that in Case the said Ship is at the Havannah or Augustine, to endeavour the Recovery of the Parcels on board for you, which its possible may be come at for a reasonable Consideration. I was in hopes of better Success than miscarrying, from the Betseys sailing with the Adventure Man of War; And I should be glad to hear that the Parcels may be come at for your Sake, and the People under your care.


Benjamin Martyn to Thomas Swill, Deputy Auditor of Plantations, Dec. 22, 1747, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 271, concerning quit rents in Ga.

Sir

Your Letter to me dated the 4th. instant with the Extract of Memorials of Grants of Land in Georgia exhibited by the Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia and registerd in the Office of His Majestys Auditor General of the Plantations in America, has been laid before the Trustees.

As in the said Letter you are pleased to Signify, that you are directed by the Rt. Honble. Horatio Walpole Auditor General of the Plantations, to desire to know, whether any more Lands have been granted by the Trustees, than what are containd in the said Extract of Memorials, and whether any, or what part of the Quit Rents have ever been paid upon any of the Grants hitherto made, or to whom for his Majestys Use, according to his Letters Patent; That they may be duly accounted for, audited, and passd. In Answer to the same, I am directed by the Trustees to acquaint you, that being mindfull of His Majestys Directions in their Charter, They sent a Letter to their President in Georgia, dated 19th. August 1745, relating to the Commencement of Quit Rents there, and requiring a Return to be made, proper for ascertaining the said Quit Rents on each particular Grant. A Return has been made, which was recd in March last, but not being satisfactory to the Trustees; They have thought proper to renew their Orders to their Officers in Georgia, that another more compleat may be transmitted to them by the first Opportunity, which, as soon as recd, will be sent to the Auditor General of the Plantations.


Benjamin Martyn to William Stephens, March 10, 1747/8, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 272, requesting reports of land grants and occupiers for quit rent purposes, number of people in the various settlements in Ga., and telling him to handle Mrs. Lucy Mouses claims. By the Anson, Capt. Younge.

Sir

As the Ship, by which this is to be sent, is going upon very short Notice, I cannot be so full in writing to you as I should otherwise be; And shall therefore only mention one thing or two, which have come lately under the Trustees Consideration.

They received in March 1746/7 the Return which you sent (pursuant to their Order of August 19th. 1745) of the Grants of Lands in Georgia, in Order to ascertain the Quit Rents on each particular Grant; But upon examining this, they find it too imperfect to be laid before the Auditor General of the Plantations, for the only Trust Grants mentioned therein to have been executed were one dated October 26th. 1732 to Thomas Christie and others, which was executed in 1733, but no account in it of the present particular Occupiers of Land by Virtue thereof, nor of the Occupiers of Lands recommended for Grants, to whom Grants have not yet been particularly made; And one other of 500 Acres to the Revd. Mr. Thomas [George?] Whitefield executed in 1740, and still occupied. The Trustees therefore desire you will by the first Opportunity send over a full Return (properly authenticated) of all the present Occupiers of Land in the Northern and Southern parts of the Province, how long they have occupied the same, under what Grants, or if recommended for Grants, and by whom, or if possessd without any Authority.

The Trustees require likewise an Account to be sent to them of the Numbers of the People in the several Settlements of the Colony.

I hope I shall soon have an Opportunity of writing to you more fully.

P.S. Mr. [Samuel] Smith, one of the Trustees, having laid before them a Letter from Mrs. Lucy Mouse dated 15th. May last,22 relating to Peter Grants Lot and her Share of the Sale of Cattle at Skidoway; They recommend it to the Common Council, that if the Lot of the said Peter Grant be lapsed to the Trustees, it be given to the said Mrs. Lucy Mouse; And if it is not lapsed, that some other at Savannah be granted to her. And that Instructions be sent to the President and Assistants, that Justice be done her in relation to her Claim, that is to say. If the Trustees have no Demand stated shewing a Debt due to them from her on her Husband, that then her Share of the Stock arising by the Sale of Cattle at Skidoway be paid to her instead of its being paid to the Store; And that if any Debt is due, then the Balance above the said Debt be paid to her. Which you are desired to acquaint the Assistants with, and also Mrs. Mouse.


Benjamin Martyn to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, March 10, 1747/8, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 273-274, concerning reports of Bolzius to the Trustees, land desired by Salzburgers, Bolzius leadership, John Ludwig Meyer, Salzburger silk production, methods for destroying wild cattle, and sale of lumber. By the Anson, Capt. Yonge.

Sir

Your Letters of July 13th. August 29th. and September 3d and likewise the Continuation of your Journal from May to July 1747 have been all recd and laid before the Trustees. They are very much pleasd with the Accounts you send them from time to time of the Improvements made by the People under your Care, of their Industry, and the Happiness which they enjoy in Consequence of it; And you and they may depend upon the Trustees doing all in their Power to promote this upon every Occasion.

The Trustees have not been apprisd of the particular Difficulties which may have attended the procuring that Tract of Land near Ebenezer Creek from the Indians; As it was necessary to engage them to make a voluntary Cession of the Land, you are sensible it must require some time to prevail on them to do it by gentle means, and in an amicable manner. The Trustees however hope the Difficulties are removed by this time and that you have, or soon will have, the Pleasure of seeing that Tract of Land, as well as the other, which the Surveyor has been running out at Parkers decayd Saw Mill, added to the Settlement of Ebenezer.

The Trustees are sorry you have been made uneasy by the Reproaches of any People in the Province, meerly for having done your Duty, and setting them an Example, which they should have followed rather than revild. It may be your Comfort Sir however, that the Trustees are entirely satisfied with your Conduct, and you are reproachd upon no other Account, but what they themselves are vizt. Obstructing the Use of Negroes, and shewing how unnecessary and dangerous these would be to the Province. Tho the Uneasiness these Reproaches have given you may have induced you to desire to be no longer the Manager of the Secular Affairs of your Settlement, the Trustees hope you will not wholly give up the Management of them. As promoting Peace among Men was one great End of our Lord and Masters coming upon Earth, you are following his Example by endeavouring to establish Peace among the People under your Care. The Trustees therefore desire you will continue to act as a Conservator of it. As you have been so long their Pastor, and have acted so long with such a Fatherly Concern for them, you are best qualified for such an Office, and your Admonitions will have more weight whilst supported with a decent Authority. However, that you may not be obstructed hereby in your Ministerial Office, the Trustees resolve to make the Burthen as light as possible, by joining Mr. [John Ludwig] Mayer23 with you, and making him likewise a Conservator of the Peace at Ebenezer; And that he may be the Person to go to Savannah to transact any Affairs for the Saltzburghers and may be able to go as Occasion shall require, the Trustees have it in their Thoughts to make some Provision for him, till the People can enable him themselves. The Trustees hope, that both as Conservator of the Peace, and Agent for the Saltzburghers, he will in every thing consult with you and Mr. [Herman Henry] Lembke.

The Silk which you have sent over this Year has given great Satisfaction to the Trustees. It has in particular been viewd & approvd of by one of them, Mr. [Samuel] Lloyd, a Gentleman of great Experience and Knowledge in the Business to whom you was obligd for the written Instructions sent last Year. If any further Instructions should be necessary, you will receive them by the next Ship. The Trustees are so much pleasd with the Industry of the two Women who have winded off this Silk, that they intend to give them some Gratuity for it, which I hope to acquaint you with likewise by the next Ship. They hope the other Women of your Settlement will follow the Example, and apply themselves diligently to the Art of winding, for the more general the Knowledge and Practice of it become, the Work will be easier, a greater Quantity of Silk will be producd, and the Benefits arising from it to the Settlement will be more extensive and sooner seen; And besides, your People will have no Occasion to go to Savannah for a Market for their Mulberry Leaves.

The Trustees have under Consideration to find out some Method for destroying the wild Cattle in such a Way as may make it of most Service to the Province; And also for opening a Trade for the Lumber; They have already Assurances from Mr. William Beckford, a Gentn. of the largest Estate in the Island of Jamaica, that he will not only take himself every Year his Lumber from Georgia, but will indeavour to promote the Trade for it, among other Gentlemen and Planters of Jamaica, whither he is soon going. The only Difficulty is to provide Shipping for it, and this is not to be despaird of.

I hope I shall be able to write more fully to you soon. In the mean time, wishing you Health and Prosperity in all your Undertakings.


Harman Verelst to the President and Assistants in Ga., March 11, 1747/8, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 275, concerning expenses in Ga. and sola bills sent, items sent to Ga., and bellows for Thomas Lee. By the Anson, Capt. Young.

Sir and Gentlemen

The Trustees on the 14th. of January last recd a Letter from the President to their Accotant dated the 8th. of August before with the Journal and Papers therewith sent; The Advices from Savannah in May 1747 were recd the 31st. of August after, with which the Accounts of the Trustees Expences in Georgia to Christmas 1745 were recd (besides the General Account for the Year to Maichaelmas before). And by the said Accounts a Balance appears unapplied at Christmas 1745 of 783:7:5. Since which 1,100 in the Trustees Sola Bills, were sent you by the Adventure Man of War in March last, and 500 more by the Charming Nancy Captn. Gould in August following, which being all safe arrived, make together the Sum of 2,383.7.5 for defraying the Trustees Expences in Georgia from Christmas 1745. The Trustees therefore hope, that by good Oeconomy and the Reductions made in their Estimate sent by the Advneture Man of War, the same will prove near sufficient (if not fully so) to clear their Expences in Georgia to Christmas last.

By this Conveyance the Trustees send you 500 more in their Sola Bills consisting of 300 of l each Letter A. No. 12201 to 12500 three Books, and 40 of 5 each Letter C. No. 1911 to 1950 for the further defraying their estimated Expences in Georgia.

There is consigned to Mr. Wm. Hopton at Charles Town, to be forwarded to Savannah in Georgia, besides the Box wherein the said Sola Bills and the Trustees and other Letters now sent are packed three Boxes and a Chest for Ebenezer, a Box for Mr. [Bartholomew] Zouberbuhler, and a pair of Smiths Bellows packd and markd G x C.

The Parcels for Ebenezer you will forward, and let Mr. Zouberbuhler have his Box. The Occasion of sending the Smiths Bellows is, upon a Letter Thomas Lee sent to his Mother being shewn to the Trustees, wherein he desired her applying to his Uncle to get and send him a large pair of Smiths Bellows, and he would pay for them. The Trustees therefore to encourage his Industry, observing by the Accounts transmitted that Thomas Lee recd a Salary of 40s. a Year as Keeper of the Court of Savannah, and supposing him to be the Blacksmith wanting the said Bellows, have sent them over to your Care; They cost 4.-and if Thomas Lee is living, the Trustees desire you will credit him with the said pair of Bellows and receive from him in Work or Service the 4 they cost, charging the same to Accot. when so recd, and taking Credit for the Work or Service done by him to that Value. And in Case Thomas Lee should not be living you are to dispose of the said pair of Bellows for the Trustees Service to such other Blacksmith as may hereafter want the same.


Harman Verelst to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, March 11, 1747/8, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 276, concerning lost parcels, medicine and parcels for the Salzburgers, silk from Ebenezer, and John Ludwig Meyer to be appointed conservator of the peace. By the Anson, Capt. Young.

Sir

Your Letters of the 13th. of July, 29th. of August and 12th. of Septr. last were recd. The Trustees are well pleased that what they sent you have come safe to hand.

The Judith Captn. Arscott being lately arrived here, the Trustees will have the Captain again called upon to answer what you have now sent concerning the Case markd Ebenezer, which being contained in the Bill of Lading I have by me signd by the late Captn. Quarme, therefore Captn. Arscott, who had the subsequent Charge of it, or his Owner, I apprehend will become chargeable for the Value on the Evidence you have sent over.

Mr. [Friedrich Michael] Zeigenhagen having applied to the Trustees in behalf of Mr. [John Ludwig] Meyer the Surgeon at Ebenezer for the Supply of Medicines agreable to the List you sent him, the Trustees have complied therewith, and sent them in a Chest consigned to you with an Invoice of them therein, for Mr. Meyers dispensing them for the Benefit of the Saltzburghers in such manner as you shall think proper to intrust him with; And Mr. Zeigenhagen having advised me of three Boxes for Ebenezer being in the Kings Warehouse markd HPB, EEE and &, they are with this Conveyance forwarded with the said Chest of Medicines.

The Silk you sent from Ebenezer, and the Observations thereupon have been much approved. The Silk was sent to the Mills to be Organzined24 and on its Return the Gentleman (whose Remarks and Instructions concerning the Produce of Silk have been sent to Georgia) will send you his Thoughts on the Silk and Observations you sent from Ebenezer; And he hopes soon to hear what Effect those Remarks and Instructions already sent, have had in Georgia.

The Trustees intend to recommend it to their Common Council to assist you in the Care of the Civil Affairs at Ebenezer, by appointing Mr. [John Ludwig] Meyer a Conservator of the Peace in your District.


Harman Verelst to the Rev. Bartholomew Zouberbuhler, March 11, 1747/8, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 277, concerning cultivation of land for ministerial support. By the Anson, Capt. Young.

Sir

Your Letter to me dated the 11th. of May, and Copy of that to Mr. [Benjamin] Martyn dated the 26th. of Septr. last, have been recd. The Trustees are sorry to find that the employing your Servants in the Cultivation of Land have not answered their Intent, nor your Expectation; You know the Intent was to make the 300d Acres of Land assignd for the Use of a Minister, in Process of time to be productive of Ease to the Society for propagating the Gospel in foreign parts, by shortening the Continuance of their Stipend until by Supplies from the said Land the Stipend might be reduceable, and at last the Produce of the Land become sufficient to supercede the Necessity of continuing that Stipend.

The Trustees therefore desire you will state in what manner the said Servants have been employed, as you represent them to have been more Expence than Profit, the Timber itSelf on the Land when cut down; being some Produce; The Provision the Trustees made for their Clothing and Maintenance was to emply them in the cultivating Land to raise a Maintenance for a Minister, and not to be employed in any other manner, which induced the Incorporated Society to allow the 50.- a Year to you in the mean time, and first for the Term of Three Years, in Order that the Trustees might set forth, before the Expiration of that Term the Progress made towards a likelihood of raising such Maintenance and thereby encourage the said Society to renew their Temporary Stipend, which the Trustees will apply for. But they desire to be enabled by your next Letter to have a full Representation how the said 300d Acres may be made profitable for the End they were assignd, whether by sutable Rewards to joint Labour of your Countrymen to be employed therein in lieu of your two Servants, or by the third Servants being employed to cultivate them with your other two, under your Direction, as Mr. [John J.] Zubli is going to Carolina and nothing becomes payable to him for Assistance to the Germans for which such third Servant was intended You.


Benjamin Martyn to Secretary at War Henry Fox, March 21, 1747/8, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 278, objecting to Lt. Col. Alexander Herons raising recruits for the regiment in Ga.

Sir

The Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia have ordered me to acquaint you, that they think themselves, and the People under their Care and Government, much aggrievd by Lt. Col. [Alexander] Herons raising Recuits for the Regiment within the Colony. This must render abortive their Endeavours to settle and improve it, for which they have from time to time sent the People at the Expence of the Publick, and consequently must become a a Misapplication of the Money granted by Parliament for that Purpose. Besides, it is, as they conceive, contrary to express Orders given at the first raising of the Regiment. The Trustees are also of Opinion, that if the Officers of the said Regiment should be permitted to raise Recruits in any Part of America, it must prove of bad Consequence for many Reasons, which it would be needles to offer to your Consideration.


Benjamin Martyn to Secretary of the Admiralty Thomas Corbett, March 21, 1747/8, Westminster, C.0. 5/668, p. 278, informing him that the Trustees have no objection to Mark Carr as Admiralty judge for Ga.

Sir

I have acquainted the Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia, with what you was pleased to tell me, that my Lords Commissioners for executing the Office of Lord High Admiral have appointed Mark Carr Esqr. to be Judge of the Court of Admiralty in the Province of Georgia, upon the Representation of Lt. Col. [Alexander] Heron. The Trustees are so far from having any Objection to Mr. Carr, that they readily recommend him to their Lordships for the Office. But they cannot help observing, that the Application should have been made thro them, the Government of the Province being by His Majestys Charter vested solely in the Trustees.


Benjamin Martyn to Secretary of the Admiralty Thomas Corbett, March 23, 1747/8, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 278, acknowledging receipt of a letter from him.

Sir

The Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia have appointed a Meeting for next friday, when Ill lay before them the Letter of Yesterdays, Date with which You have been so kind to favour me.


Benjamin Martyn to Secretary at War Henry Fox, April 4, 1748, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 279, concerning defense of the Ga. frontier.

Sir

The Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia have recd the Honour of your Letter dated the 1st. instant, and the Papers transmitted with it; In Return to which, they have orderd me to say; That having been dischargd, ever since the Year 1738, from the Care of the Defence of the Colony, They have not from that time intermeddled with the Military Affairs; And as they have had no Intimation what Sum will be afforded, they are not Judges what Extimate of Expence will be necessary for the Provincial Defence and Safety of the Southern Frontier to the Provinces on the Continent of North America. But from a serious Perusal of the Papers and from the Information they have recd of the State of the Colony, they beg Leave to represent it as their Opinion; That the Friendship of the Indians is absolutely necessary to be cultivated, for which Purpose it is requisite the Presents should be given them from time to time, for which they apprehend there should be an Annual Fund. That a proper Number of Rangers is absolutely necessary to cover the several Settlements, it not being in the Nature of the Indians to be brought under the Discipline of that Service; And that a proper Number of Armd Vessels or Boats is likewise absolutely necessary to keep a Communication with the Forts, and protect the Islands.

The Trustees order me further to say, that when they shall receive His Majestys Instructions, they will use their utmost Endeavours to carry them into Execution.


Benjamin Martyn to William Chetwynd, April 7, 1748, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 280, concerning the southern boundary of Ga.

Sir

The Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia have orderd me to acquaint you, that as the Limits of His Majestys Possessions in America may come under Consideration at the Congress; They think it their indispensable Duty to lay before His Grace the Duke of Bedford,25 the several Agreements made with the Governor of Florida, and the Officers of the King of Spains Territories adjoining to the Colony of Georgia, before the Commencement of the Spanish War, shewing what the Trustees were then in possession of, pursuant to His Majestys Charter, together with undoubted Right of the Crown of Great Britain to the River Alatamaha, or St. Mattheo, of late by the Spaniards calld St. Juan; And also the Names of the Indian Nations in the Province of Georgia, in Alliance with His Majesty, and who have acted against the Spaniards during the present War, pursuant to His Majestys Orders.


Harman Verelst to the President and Assistants in Ga., May 7, 1748, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 280, concerning mail received and lost, and items sent to Ga. By the Two Sisters, Capt. Bogg.

Sir and Gentlemen

The Presidents Letter to me dated the 12th. of January last was recd in the Box to Mr. [Benjamin] Martyn the 15th. of last Month; But the Box to me, on board the Mary Billander Captn. Bostock, mett with bad Luck, the Ship being taken in her Passage to England.

Inclosed you receive an Invoice of the Contents of a Cask sent by the two Sisters Captn. Bogg, to be forwarded by Mr. [William] Hopton from Charles Town, for the use of the Germans settled at Acton and Vernonburgh; Which the Trustees desire may be immediately deliverd them, being an Assistance sent by the Trustees for the Encouragement of their Industry.


Benjamin Martyn to John Potter, Secretary to the Duke of Bedford, May 25, 1748, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 281, concerning the distribution of Indian presents in Ga. and S. C.

Sir

I have laid before the Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia your Letter dated the 26th. of April,26 written by Command of his Grace the Duke of Bedford, together with the Extract of his Graces Letter to Mr. [James] Glen, Governor of South Carolina, of the same Date, signifying that His Majesty hath been graciously pleased to direct the Sum of 3,000 Sterling to be annually sent from hence to be distributed in Presents to the Indians, contiguous to, and in Alliance with the Province of South Carolina and Georgia, in such manner, as the Governor Council & Assembly of South Carolina, in Conjunction with such Person, as shall be appointed by the Trustees for Georgia, shall judge most for His Majestys Service, and may best answer the intended Purpose of securing the Friendship of those Indians; And that particular Accounts, properly vouchd of the Distribution of these Presents are to be transmitted to his Grace from time to time. And further signifying (in your Letter to me) His Majestys Pleasure, that the Trustees should appoint such Person, to act in Conjunction with the Governor, Council and Assembly of South Carolina in the Distribution of the Present.

Sir, As the Trustees are always disposed to pay the readiest Obedience to His Majestys Commands, They will use their Endeavours to carry these into Execution with the utmost Punctuality, and will take Care, that Accounts of the Distribution of the Presents to the Indians, properly vouchd, shall be laid before his Grace from time to time; But, lest they should be guilty of any Mistake They beg Leave to observe to his Grace, that they apprehend, the Intention of his Majesty is, that two Persons should be appointed, one by them, and the other by the Governor Council and Assembly of South Carolina to act in Conjunction for the Distribution of the Presents.

They further beg leave to offer it to his Grace as their Opinion, that it might be proper to buy the Presents in England, as the Goodness of them could be more depended on, and as there would be a Saving of a least 20 p cent in the Purchase of them here.


Herman Verelst to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, May 27, 1748, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 282, concerning silk from Ebenezer, lost package for Salzburgers, and John Ludwig Meyers appointment as conservator of the peace. By the Arundel Man of War, Capt. Reynolds.

Revd. Sir

Your Favour of the 9th. of January last I recd, and when you send a Reply to the Instructions for producing Raw Silk sent you last Year, the Gentleman of the Trust, who is in the Silk way, will be able to judge wherein the Knowledge of the Saltzburghers in this Product is most deficient; His Opinion of the Silk you sent over, which has been organzind is, that it was good, considering it was the first Essay. I am glad of every Opportunity of promotion the Welfare of the Saltzburghers, and by the Trustees Order have put into the hands of a Lawyer, the Proofs sent over against Captain Arscott for the Case not deliverd, which Captain Quarme his Predecessor signed a Bill of Lading for, and was shippd by me, and also an attested Value of the Contents recd from Mr. [Friedrich Michael] Zeigenhagen, to support the Damage the said Captain or his Owner is charged to make good; And as the Captain is now in England, immediate Process will go out against him, if he does not make good the same, or his Owner for him.

[P.S.] Mr. [John Ludwig] Meyers Appointment as Conservator of the Peace at Ebenezer is sent over by this Conveyance. Mr. [James] Vernon has recd your Letter, and desires his Thanks to be returnd, and will himself acknowledge it very soon.


Harman Verelst to the President and Assistants in Ga., May 28, 1748, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 282-283, concerning appointment of John Ludwig Meyer as conservator of the peace, prohibition of Negroes in Ga., and the effects of James Bull. By the Arundel Man of War, Capt. Reynolds.

Sir and Gentlemen

My last to you was dated the 7th. instant by the two Sisters Captain Bogg, with a Cask of Ploughs and other Things for the Germans at Acton and Vernonburgh, sent them by the Trustees for the Encouragement of their Industry.

You now receive an Appointment of Mr. Johann Ludwig Meyer, to be a Conservator of the Peace in the District of Ebenezer, which you will please to forward to him.

The Trustees have also sent you an Instruction to tbe signified to the Inhabitants of Georgia, that the Introduction and Use of Negroes in Georgia will never be permitted by the Trustees.

In the Presidents Letter of the 12th. of January last to me, the State of Mr. James Bulls Effects is mentioned; and the Accot. thereof being transmitted, it appears that there is a Ballance of Cash in Georgia of 91.9.2 due to the Estate of the said James Bull, and the President proposing, that on the Trustees paying that Sum to the proper Representative of Mr. Bull in England, the Trustees should have Credit for it in Georgia as a Remittance for their Service. To which Proposition the Common Council of the Trustees having agreed, and orderd me to notify the same to Mr. Bulls Widow, the said 91.9.2 must be now charged as a Remittance from the Trustees towards their estimated Expences. And in August or September next, a further Remittance will be made in Sola Bills.


Benjamin Martyn to the President and Assistants in Ga., May 28, 1748, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 283-286, concerning correspondence received and lost, report on grants of land, plans for people at Acton and Vernonburgh, recruiting soldiers in Ga., Savannah wharf and Penelope Fitzwalter as Wharfinger, trade of Ga. lumber and other products, encouragement of silk production, John Ludwig Meyer appointed conservator of the peace, building church in Savannah, land grants, Thomas Bosomworths grants of land from the Indians, distribution of Indian presents. By the Arundel Man of War, Capt. Reynolds.

Sir and Gentlemen

Upon the last Month I recd the Box with the several Packets in it dated in January last, and the Schedule of the Papers dated in October last, which were sent by the Mary Billander Captn. Bostock, but never arrived; However, tis to be hopd the Correspondence will be carried on more securely for the future, since the Preliminary Articles of a Peace are signd and ratified.

In my last I acquainted you that the Return was imperfect and unsatisfactory, which was made of the Grants pursuant to the Trustees Order for ascertaining the Quit Rents; But lest any Accident should have happend to this Letter, you will receive a Copy of it by this Packet, in which youll see the Necessity of sending over as soon as possible a more full and correct Return, that it may be deliverd to the Auditor of the Plantations.

You will receive likewise by this Conveyance some Plows, Scythes, and other Necessaries for the People at Acton and Vernonburgh; The Trustees are much concernd to find their Plantations have so different an Appearance from what they had; No Encouragement, that is in your Power to give, should be wanting to recover a Spirit of Industry among them; But one thing the Trustees are in particular surprizd at, which is, to hear that Rangers have been raisd in their Plantations. If People, whom the Trustees have been at the Trouble of sending to Georgia, at the Expence of the Publick, in Order to settle and improve the Colony and raise by Labour a sufficient Maintenance for themselves and Families, are, after having made Improvements on them, to be enticd or even encouragd to abandon these and enter into the Military Service, it will in the most effectual manner defeat the Trustees Intentions, and their Care for supporting the Colony. They therefore expect, that you and the Assistants will remonstrate to the Commanding Officer, and others there, that it is contrary to the Design of his Majestys Charter, and of the Parliament in granting Money for supplying and supporting the Colony; And Genl [James] Oglethorpe says, that recruiting in Georgia is contrary to the Orders given at the first raising of the Regiment.

As nothing would more contribute to the Prosperity of the Colony, and recovering a Spirit of Industry among the Planters, than finding a certain and immediate Vent for the Products, the Trustees hope, that upon the Establishment of a Peace, a Trade may be opend and settled at Savannah, and when Ships can be sure of a Lading, they wont fail coming to the Market, especially if there are no Difficulties in their Way; Whatever may contribute therefore to bringing Ships to Savannah should be promoted, with the warmest Application. And in the first Place, as the Trustees are informd, that the Wharf there is not large and convenient enough, they have resolvd, that the Sum of 40.-, if found necessary, should be immediately applied for the enlarging it, and in doing this you must consult with People most experiencd in Shipping. The Trustees find there is a Wharfage Duty paid to Mrs. Fitzwalter,27 they dont know how this came, nor what is done for it. There must be very strong Reasons to induce them to consent to this, which they are not acquainted with; But till they see a Necessity for it, this Burthen should be taken away. There was a Crane some Years ago at Savannah, the Trustees suppose it is still in being, for it must undoubtedly be necessary in loading and unloading of Ships, where the Land is so high above the Water. As it is absolutely necessary that when Ships come up to Savanah, the Cargoes may be ready for shipping, some Warehouses at the Wharf may be proper for receiving Skins, and other Goods, and preserving them from the Weather; You must consult therefore with some Merchants about these, and take the Opinion of Workmen, what the Expence of building them may be and transmit the Estimate with the Dimensions of the same, to the Trustees. Mr. [William] Beckford, the most considerable Gentleman of Jamaica, has promisd to take all his Lumber (which every Year amounts to a great Quantity) from Georgia, and to promote the trading for it among other Gentlemen, who have large Plantations in that Island. This would bring Money into the Colony meerly for Labour, but Cargoes of Lumber alone wont answer. These must therefore and may easily be, filld up with other Effects, as Corn and Provisions of all kinds, which will prove of great Benefit to the Country Plantations.

The Trustees have resolvd to give the Sum of Five pounds Sterling, to each of the two Saltzburgh young Women, who have learnt the Art of winding Silk from the Cocoons, not only as an Encouragemt to them to persevere, but to induce others to follow their Example. That the People may see what is to be expected from their Industry in the Silk Business some of the last Anniversary Sermons will be sent over, at the End of which is printed a Letter from one of the most eminent Silk Merchants in the City of London, who is now in possession of Sir Thomas Lombes Engine at Derby, by which the Goodness, and great Profit of the Silk will appear.

The Trustees have appointed Mr. Johann Lodwick [Ludwig] Meyer a Conservator of the Peace at Ebenezer, who may be a fit Person to be appointed to go from time to time between Savanah & Ebenezer as an Agent for the Affairs of that Settlement; And they have resolvd, to allow a Sum not exceeding 20 Sterling in one Year for the Expences of his going, upon Mr. [John Martin] Bolziuss certifying to you the Services and Expences of the said Agent from time to time.

The Trustees cannot but be surprizd at seeing so large an Estimate sent over for finishing the building of the Church; They hope you have not staid for their Approbation of this before you proceeded to the Work. Because upon their Letters to you to appoint the Boards necessary for compleating it, to be bought of the Saltzburghers upon Credit, and upon their sending over Paint, Oyl, and other Necessaries, and Directions for in what manner the Work was to be carried on, they think the Labour could not amount to so great a Sum, as to oblige you to protract it for want of further Orders.

The Trustees have resolvd to grant 500 Acres of Land to Captn. George Dunbar, and 500 Acres also to Captn. Patrick Sutherland in the Southern part of the Province, where it may be found most convenient for them (excepting the Island of St. Simon). They have resolvd likewise to grant to Mr. Thomas Hawkins so much Land in the Southern part, as may with his present Possession make up 500 Acres, with the same Exception to St. Simons. The Lot, late in possession of Mr. Falkner at the Town of Frederica, if lapsed to the Trustees, is granted to Mr. John Hawkins; And Mr. William Shrubsole is to have a 50 Acre Lot upon the Island of St. Simons.

The Trustees are pleasd to see by your Proceedings from the 23d. of October 1747 to the 9th. of January following, that so many Persons have applied to you for Grants of Land in the Colony. There has been no Board of Common Council to confirm these Grants, but you and the Grantees may depend on the Confirmation of them the first that can be procurd. The Cautions you observe in seeing that those who apply have Abilities sufficient to cultivate their Lands are very satisfactory to the Trustees. The Design of Ship building would undoubtedly prove of great Advantage to the Colony, as would likewise opening a larger Trade with the Indians, and bringing it nearer to Savanah, that this may prove the chief Place for the Exportation of Skins, as it is the best situated for it. There can therefore be no Danger in granting Lands to those who propose this, and who enter into the usual Conditions of Grants. vizt. Keeping the proper Proportion of Servants to cultivate what they take up; But this must be left in great Measure to your Prudence.

The Conduct of Mr. [Thomas] Bosomworth in taking Lands under Grants (as he calls them) from the Indians is unjustifiable; And particular Directions will be sent over upon this Account. He ought to be sensible, that he cannot hold any Lands in the Province of Georgia, under any Power or Authority but what is derivd from the King, without forfeiting his Allegiance, and this Power by the Charter is vested in the Trustees. The taking up and holding Lands in this manner has always been discountenancd in every one of the American Colonies, and whenever any Acts have been passd in any of them, to secure the Possession of Lands to British Subjects in America, it has always been with an Exception to Lands taken up by Grants from the Indians.

The Trustees have lately recd a Notification of His Majestys Pleasure to appoint a Person, to act in Conjunction with a Person to be appointed by the Governor Council and Assembly of South Carolina, in the Distribution of Presents, to be sent from hence, to the Indians contiguous to and in Alliance with the Provinces of South Carolina and Georgia; You will therefore, when the Presents are sent be informed, who the Person will be to act for the Trustees in the Distribution of them, and of the Instructions he will receive for that Purpose.


Benjamin Martyn to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, May 28, 1748, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 287-288, concerning good conditions at Ebenezer, appointment of John Ludwig Meyer, Salzburger silk culture, and Ga. trade. By the Arundel Man of War, Capt. Reynolds.

Sir

I recd two Packets dated in January last and deliverd them as directed, one to Mr. [James] Vernon and the other to Mr. [Friedrich Michael] Zeigenhagen. Your Letter to Mr. Vernon has given great Satisfaction upon several Accounts; For the Health, which the People under your Care have enjoyd, when at Frederica and Pensylvania, many People, as you say, have been carried off by Fevers and other Distempers. In the second Place, for the Goodness of your Harvest, when the Crop faild in South Carolina last Year; And for the Supplies of Horses and Plows, which your People have had, which must forward your Agriculture. And above all, your Letter was highly pleasing, upon Account of that Tranquillity in which your People live, that Spirit of Industry which they shew, and the Sense they have both of the Spiritual and Temporal Blessings, which they enjoy in their Settlement.

AS I told you in my last, the Trustees had, out of Regard to your earnest Desire, appointed Mr. [Johann Ludwig] Meyer a Conservator of the Peace at Ebenezer; They have likewise resolvd to grant the Sum of 20 Sterl. within one Year, to enable him, to go between Savanah and Ebenezer, as an Agent for the Affairs of your Settlement; And I have by this Conveyance, writ to the President and Assistants, by the Trustees Order, that they must pay this Money upon your certifying to them the Services and Expences of Mr. Meyer from time to time in acting as such Agent.

The Trustees have resolvd to grant the Sum of Five pounds Sterling to each of the two young Women at your Settlement, who have learnt the Art of winding Silk from the Cocoons, not only as an Encouragement to them to persevere, but to induce the other Women to follow their Example. The Trustees are pleasd to see the Saltzburghers are busy in planting Mulberry Trees, they must find the good Effects of it, and as these Plantations increase, and the People improve in the Art of winding the Silk, theyll soon get the better of all their Difficulties, and will have a sufficient Recompence for the Pains they take at present. You will receive by the next Ship some of the last Anniversary Sermons preachd before the Trustees; At the End of which is a Letter from Mr. Lloyd, an eminent Silk Merchant, who takes Notice of the Silk which you sent over, approves of it as a very ingenious Essay; And shews what great Profit will arise from the Improvements and Increase of it.

The Trustees are very sollicitous to open, if possible, a Trade for Lumber, which would be of great Advantage to your Settlement. Mr. [William] Beckford, a Gentleman of great Fortune at Jamaica, has promisd to take all his Lumber from Georgia, which amounts yearly to a very great Quantity; He has promisd likewise to promote the trading for it among other Gentlemen, who have large Possessions in that Island; But the Want of shipping is the great Difficulty, and even this (it is to be hoped) will be surmounted, since a Peace is very near a Conclusion, and consequently the freight of Goods must be lowerd, and shipping more easily procurd.

As I have had but short Notice for writing to you, I am forcd to do it in a great hurry especially as I have other Letters to dispatch.


Benjamin Martyn to Gov. James Glen of S. C., May 28, 1748, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 288-289, concerning Indian present distribution. By the Arundel Man of War, Capt. Reynolds.

Sir

The Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia have recd a Letter from his Grace the Duke of Bedford, one of His Majestys Principal Secretaries of State, signifying that, His Majesty hath been graciously pleasd to direct the Sum of 3000, Sterling to be annually issued for Presents to be sent from hence to be distributed to the Indians contiguous to, and in Alliance with the Provinces of South Carolina and Georgia, in such manner as two Persons (one to be appointed by your Excellency, and the Council, and Assembly, and the other by the Trustees) shall judge most for His Majestys Service, and may best answer the intended Purpose of securing the Friendship of those Indians; and that particular Accounts, properly vouchd, of the Distribution of the Presents, are to be transmitted to his Grace from time to time.

Sir, The Trustees recd his Majestys Commands with the greatest Pleasure, and as they have the Welfare of both the Provinces sincerely at heart, and are sensible how much this Instance of his Majestys Goodness will contribute towards it; They will with Alacrity concur with your Excellency and the Council and Assembly, in the most effectual Measures for carrying them into Execution.

As His Majestys Intention by this Bounty, is the securing the Friendship of the Indians, the Trustees believe you, with them, will think it advisable, that the Presents should be distributed at such Places, as may be more easy and convenient for the Indians to go to; And therefore, that a Moiety of the Presents should be deliverd to them in South Carolina, and the other Moiety in Georgia; And that before they are distributed in Carolina, previous Notice should be given for the Person appointed by the Trustees, to attend the Distribution, as the Trustees will take Care in their Instructions, that Notice shall be sent to your Excellency of the Time when the Indians are to come to Savanah, or any other convenient Place in Georgia, that you may order the Person appointed for Carolina to attend the Distribution there; By this means the two Agents will always act in Conjunction, agreably to His Majestys Pleasure, and will be able jointly to vouch the Accounts, which are to be transmitted to his Grace from time to time.

As I was directed by the Trustees to acquaint you, Sir, in a former Letter, that they would be always ready to cooperate with you, in any Measures for the mutual Prosperity of the two Provinces, I have their Orders to assure you that they continue in the same Disposition, and will lay hold of every Opportunity in their Power to shew it.


Benjamin Martyn to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, May 31, 1748, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 289-290, concerning Thomas Bicklers appointment as constable, destruction of wild cattle, hired plantation in S. C., and German servants. By the Arundel Man of War, Capt. Reynolds.

Sir

I have just time to add two or three Words to what I wrote to you of the 28th. instant.

The Trustees have appointed Mr. Thomas Bickler a Constable at Ebenezer with an Allowance of 5p Ann. The Care of the Arms there is to be committed to him, and the mustering of the People upon any Occasion. His Business will be likewise to attend the Orders of your Self, and Mr. [Johann Ludwig] Meyer as Justices of the Peace, and serve the Warrants you may think proper to issue.

The Trustees have sent Directions to the President and Assistants, with regard to destroying the wild Cattle on Abercorn Creek, and Savanah River behind Abercorn and Josephs Town, and to clear the Swamps. They are to divide the Cattle among those in the first place, who may have a Right in them & afterwards among the most necessitous. The President and Assistants are acquainted with your kind Proposal to give up any Right the Saltzburghers may have in these Cattle, that there may be no Obstruction to destroying them on their Account.

The Trustees are pleasd to find the Term is expird for which you hird a Plantation over against Ebenezer on Savanah River in South Carolina, for the Use of the Orphan House, and that you have given it up again.

As a Peace with France and Spain is pretty near being establishd, there wont, as you say, be any Difficulty perhaps in procuring such German Servants as you want for your Settlement. I dont doubt but you have written to Mr. [Samuel] Urlsperger upon this; But however, I shall take the first Opportunity of writing to him likewise upon the same Account.


Benjamin Martyn to the President and Assistants in Ga., May 31, 1748, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 290-291, concerning destruction of wild cattle, encouragement of silk culture at Acton and Vernonburgh, charity to Christopher Ortman, inquiry if Negroes in Ga., bounty on indigo, and Thomas Bickler constable at Ebenezer. By the Arundel Man of War, Capt. Reynolds.

Sir and Gentlemen

Since I closd my Letter to you dated the 28th. instant I have had the Trustees Orders to acquaint you with a few more Particulars.

They find there have been great Complaints of the Increase of wild Cattle in the Swamps, on Abercorn Creek, and Savanah River behind Abercorn and Josephs Town, and of the Mischief done by them in drawing off the tame Cattle belonging to the Neighbouring Settlements. They therefore instruct and require you to give a Power to those Settlements to destroy the said wild Cattle, and clear the Swamps. And then to divide them among those in the first Place, who may have a Right in them, and afterwards among the most necessitous, especially the People of Acton and Vernonburgh. The Saltzburghers are willing to give up their Right in these Cattle, that there may be no Obstruction to the destroying them on their Account.

As I mentiond to you in my former, that the Trustees expected you would do every thing in your Power to revive a Spirit of Industry among the People of Acton and Vernonburgh, and as they had planted Mulberry Trees, the Leaves of which they were forcd to carry to Savanah for Sale. They desire you will encourage them to go on in their Plantations of these Trees, and that you will find some means of putting the Women of these Settlements upon acquiring the Knowledge of hatching the Eggs and feeding of the Worms for 1000 wt. of Leaves wont produce above 100 wt. of Cocoons, and therefore a Saving of the Carriage of 900 wt. is of more Value than the 1000 wt. of Leaves; that they may turn their Plantations to a better Account, than they can do by selling their Mulberry Leaves. And if you find them disposed this Way, whatever Assistance they may want towards carrying on the Work, must be given them.

In Regard to what you wrote about Mr. [Christopher] Ortman; As he is so old and infirm, and incapable of providing for himself, the Trustees are willing you should continue the Charity you gave to him.

The Trustees desire to know if Mr. Peter Baillon has any Negroes upon his Plantation; Or if any others in Georgia have, and how long they have had them.

The Parliament have lately granted a Bounty upon Indigo raisd in the British Plantations. The Act will be sent over to you, that you may communicate it to the People.

The Trustees have resolvd to appoint Mr. Thomas Bickler, a Constable at Ebenezer, with an Allowance of 5 p Ann. The Care of the Arms and mustering of the People there is to be committed to him.


Benjamin Martyn to William Stephens, May 31, 1748, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 291-292, appointing Stephens and Patrick Graham to distribute Indian presents. By the Arundel Man of War, Capt. Reynolds.

Sir

As, in my Letter to you and the Assistants dated the 28th. instant I informd you, that the Trustees had received a Notification of His Majestys Pleasure, to appoint a Person to act in Conjunction with a Person to be appointed by the Governor Council and Assembly of South Carolina, in the Distribution of Presents to be sent from hence to the Indians, contiguous to and in Alliance with the Provinces of South Carolina and Georgia; and that you would be informed who would be appointed by the Trustees for that purpose, I have now the Pleasure to acquaint you, that the Trustees have appointed Your Self; And as it may probably happen that Journies must be taken to several places, which might be inconvenient for you, they have appointed Mr. Patrick Graham to be your Coadjutor, and will send both the Appointments by this Conveyance, the Arundel Captn. Reynolds. Your Instructions are not yet prepared, but will be sent to you by the first Opportunity.

[P.S.] Youll be pleased Sir to inform Mr. Graham.


Benjamin Martyn to John Potter, Secretary to the Duke of Bedford, May 31, 1748, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 292, concerning distribution of Indian presents.

Sir

The Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia think it their Duty to acquaint his Grace the Duke of Bedford, that being desirous of giving the earliest Proof of their Obedience to His Majestys Commands, They have appointed, under the Seal of the Corporation, a Person for acting in Conjunction with a Person to be appointed by the Governor Council and Assembly of South Carolina, in the Distribution of the Presents to the Indians, contiguous to, and in Alliance with the Provinces of South Carolina and Georgia.

The Person, whom they have nominated, has been for many Years, and is now, the Commissioner for Indian Affairs in the Province of Georgia.


Benjamin Martyn to Peregrine Fury, agent for S. C., July 1, 1748, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 292, concerning Indian present distribution.

Sir

Before the Secretary at War comes to any Resolution who shall be appointed to purchase the Presents for the Indians, it may not be improper to offer one thing to his Consideration. You are sensible, that when the Indians come down to any of the English Towns, they expect to be entertaind with as much eating and drinking during their Stay, as they desire. Upon Occasion of these Presents many of the Chiefs will undoubtedly come from several Nations, and from distant Parts of both Provinces, and if they should be disappointed of the Entertainment they expect, the Disgust they may take wont perhaps be removd by any Presents they can receive. It is therefore submitted, whether some Part of the Sum of 3000 (which His Majesty hath been pleased to grant for Presents) should not be reservd to be sent over to both Provinces to defray any Expences they may be at in the Distribution of the Presents. It is certain the Trustees have not Ability to undertake any Expence of this kind, because they have not applied to Parliament for any Supply since the Session in 1745/6. They then recd only the Sum of 4,000; and they have no more remaining than just sufficient to Support the ordinary Expences of the Colony till Lady Day next.


Benjamin Martyn to Gov. James Glen of S. C., July 12, 1748, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 293, concerning Indian present distribution. By the Henrietta, Capt. Alex. St. Barbe.

Sir

By Order of the Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia, I acquainted your Excellency in a Letter dated May 28th. that; They would, with the greatest Alacrity, concur with your Excellency and the Council and Assembly in the most effectual Measure for carrying into Execution His Majestys Commands for distributing Presents (granted by His Majesty to be annually sent from England) to the Indians contiguous to, and in Alliance with the Provinces of South Carolina and Georgia; Which Distribution is to be made by two Persons; acting in Conjunction, one of them to be appointed by your Excellency and the Council and Assembly, and the other by the Trustees.

At the same time I informd your Excellency that the Trustees believd, you would be of the same Opinion with them, that it might be proper for the two Agents to distribute the Presents at such Places in both Provinces, as would be most convenient for the Indians to attend at, and that a Moiety of them should be distributed in each Province.

Sir, Upon this Plan the Trustees have framd their Instructions to their Agent (William Stephens Esqr.) and they have directed me to send you a Copy of the same, as a Proof of their Readiness to cooperate with your Excellency, and the Council and Assembly, in carrying on this Service in such a manner, as will best answer his Majestys gracious Intention of securing the Friendship of the Indians.


Benjamin Martyn to Secretary at War Henry Fox, July 23, 1748, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 293, concerning purchase of Indian presents.

Sir

The Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia in America having been informd, that a Recommendation has been made to you of a Person to be concerned in the Purchase of Presents for the Indians contiguous to South Carolina and Georgia, on behalf of South Carolina, take Leave to recommend Mr. Harman Verelst their Accomptant for this Service, on behalf of the Province of Georgia, he having formerly been employed by them in the making such Purchases.


Benjamin Martyn to the Rev. Samuel Urlsperger, July 25, 1748, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 294, concerning securing German servants for the Salzburgers.

Sir

Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius has represented to the Georgia Trustees, among other Things, that it would prove of great Service to the Settlement of Ebenezer, if a Number of proper German Servants, that is sober peacable and really industrious, could be procurd, and sent over to Georgia for them. The Trustees dont doubt but he has writ to you upon the same Subject, and describd the Sort of Servants he desires, and the Number of them; And as they are of Opinion, that nothing would more conduce to the Prosperity of the Saltzburghers than such a Supply of Servants, they cannot help recommending it to yours and Mr. [Chretien] Von Munchs Consideration. The Custom in Georgia is for Servants to work four or five Years, as they can be agreed with; But the Advantage to the Servants for their working five Years, is, they will have their Lands set out at the beginning of their Service, and will be allowd one Working day in a Week to labour, with their Masters Tools and Maintenance on their own Land, in Order to prepare their future Maintenance thereon; And each Man, who is of age, is allowd fifty Acres; Which Advantage of one Working day in a Week for themselves is not allowd to those Servants who serve only for four Years.

As there will probably be soon a General Peace, the Servants may be more easily procurd than in a time of War, and the Conveyance of them will undoubtedly be more safe, and less expensive. You will please to let the Trustees know what Hopes you have of assisting the Saltzburghers on this Occasion; And you will then be acquainted, how far the Trustees will be enabled to contribute towards the Passage of such Servants from Rotterdam to Georgia, by a future Supply they may receive from Parliament, their present Fund being near exhausted.


Harman Verelst to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, July 28, 1748, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 295, concerning mail received and lumber sold to the Trustees. By the Henrietta, Capt. St. Barbe.

Sir

Your Letter of the 29th. of January last was recd the 8th. of last Month, and on the 21st. instant a Copy thereof, and with it your Letter of the 29th. of February last, and a Certificate from the President and Assistants of their having recd from you 11,500 ft. of Board and Plank to be used in finishing the Church at Savannah; Which Letters and Certificate shall be laid before the Common Council of the Trustees the first Meeting they have and Mr. [Chretien] Von Munch shall be made acquainted therewith. But in the Summer the Gentlemen are out of Town, and eight to make a Common Council assembled, we must wait till towards Winter for.


Harman Verelst to Alexander Gordon, Clerk of the Council in S. C., July 28, 1748, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 295, acknowledging receipt of mail.

Sir

Your Favour of the 26th. of April last28 I recd the 21st. instant, and since that the small Box by Captn. Marshall. The Packet by Captn. Cleland did not come to hand. The Trustees are much obliged to you for your Care of their Dispatches.


Harman Verelst to the President and Assistants in Ga., July 29, 1748, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 295-297, concerning sola bills sent, accounts taken at sea, German servants, self-support in Ga., Indian present distribution, and receipt of mail. By the Henrietta, Capt. St. Barbe.

Sir and Gentlemen

By the Arundel Man of War Captn. Reynolds you were acquainted that a Remittance in Sola Bills would be made you in August or September; But as an Opportunity offered sooner, the Trustees have sent you 200 in 200 Bills of l each Letter A. No. 12501 to 12700 towards their estimates Expences in Georgia to Christmas next.

The Accounts and Vouchers taken at Sea, which were sent by the Mary Billander, you will supply by Duplicates of them as soon as you can. vizt.

The General Account of Expences defrayed in Georgia for one Year from Michaelmas 1745 to Michaelmas 1746.

The Account of Sola Bills recd and paid from the 1st. of May 1747 to the 31st. of August following, to discharge the Salaries and Expences from Christmas 1745 to Michaelmas 1746, and Duplicates of Receipts for the same, That for the Quarter to Christmas 1745, and Duplicates of Receipts for the said Quarter being arrived safe, whereon the Balance at Christmas 1745, is stated the 30th. of April 1747 to be 783.7.5 which is the Sum chargeable to the beforementioned Account of Sola Bills now wanting. And by the General Account of Expences defrayed in Georgia for the half Year to Lady Day 1747, it appears that the Balance due to the Trustees at Michaelmas 1746 was 928.17.- 1/4. These Balances I send you the amount of, to prove your being right when you send the abovementioned Account of Receipts and Payments for the three Quarters from Christmas 1745 to Michaelmas 1746, besides the General Account for the Year to Michaelmas 1746, which are wanting.

There was another Account and Vouchers also on board the said Ship, which must be supplied by Duplicates with all convenient Speed. Vizt.

The Account of Sola Bills recd and paid from the 1st. of September 1747 to the 30th. of the same Month for discharging one Quarters Salaries and Expences due at Christmas 1746, and Duplicates of Receipts for the same; The Balance of which Account brought to that for the Quarter to Lady Day 1747, which with the Receipts for the same are recd, appears to be 407.4.8 1/4 which Amount I send you to prove your being right, when you send the said Quarters Account of Receipts and Payments to Xmas 1746, which is wanting.

As the Preliminaries for a General Peace with France and Spain are signed, the Correspondence will become more regular and safe between Georgia and England; And if the Parliament shall enable the Trustees to assist in furnishing the Colony with German Servants for Hands to forward Cultivation (as the Trustees present Fund is very near exhausted) and to carry on the Civil Government thereof; They will be glad to apply what they may be enabled to do, in sending over such Servants, which in time of Peace may more easily be come at.

The many Hindrances the Colony has met with by being a Frontier, and the Desire of the Spaniards by their invading it, and of the French if they could have obtained it, have been Reasons for the Assistace of the Government; But as such Reasons will now be at an End, all possible Means of Self Support must be forthwith used, that the Effect of them may be soon hoped for, and the Nation thereby become eased of the Expences thereof.

Your Letter to the Trustees Secretary dated the 4th. of May last, and a Copy thereof have been recd, the one the 21st. and the other the 25th. instant, and opened by me in the Absence of the Secretary, to acknowledge the Receipt of them by this Opportunity. The Original shall be laid before the Trustees the very first time they meet, and their Resolution transmitted as soon as may be.

His Majesty has been pleased to order Presents to be purchased, and sent from England for the Indians contiguous to and in Alliance with South Carolina and Georgia; to be distributed by a Person to be appointed by the Governor Council and Assembly of South Carolina, in Conjunction with William Stephens Esqr. appointed for that purpose by the Trustees for Georgia; You therefore herewith receive his Instructions, to be Entered in your Books of Proceedings for your Guidance therein, and then to deliver them to the said Mr. Stephens for his Directions, a Copy of which the Trustees have sent to Governor [James] Glen, that the Person to be appointed by South Carolina may receive reciprocal Instructions from the Governor Council and Assembly of that Province.

[P.S.] On the 26th. instant a small Box was recd by the Townsend Captn. Marshall, forwarded by Mr. [Alexander] Gordon, with a Letter from the President dated 14th. March 1747, and Copies of Papers which had been before sent and taken.


Benjamin Martyn to the President and Assistants in Ga., Aug. 5, 1748, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 297-298, concerning a prize ship taken in Ga. by Capt. William Thomson. By the Henrietta, Capt. St. Barbe.

Sir and Gentlemen

Captain William Thomson by his Memorial to the Trustees dated the 28th. of last Month has represented, that by Virtue of a Letter of Marque be carried into Frederica in Georgia November 17th. 1746 a Swedish Ship called the Charles Henry Wrangle, laden with Sugars from Leogane, which he met with the 14th. of the same Month off Jekyll Bar, and had left in Port without proceeding to Condemnation in Georgia, intending to do it in the Admiralty of England; The former Captors of her having appeald to the Lords Commissioners of Prizes in England from her being adjudged as Swedish Property, and obtaind that Sentence to be reversd. He has also represented, that Lt. Col. [Alexander] Heron, the now Commanding Officer in Georgia, had raised a Pretence of Forfeiture of the Remainder of the Swedish Captains Cargo, for his having sold more than he had Occasion to do; But Captain Thomson has now begun Process for Condemnation of the said Ship and Cargo here, and desired the Protection of the Trustees for preserving his Property in the said Capture. I take the first Opportunity therefore to apprize you thereof, to prevent as much as in you lies any thing being done to the Prejudice of Captain Thomsons Right in the Premises.


Harman Verelst to William Stephens, Aug. 17, 1748, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 298, concerning mail received, method of transmitting mail, and accounts with the Trustees. By the Carolina, Capt. Wm. Trenn.

Sir

Your Letters of 20th., 23d., & 27th. of May last29 were recd yesterday, with your Journal and the Proceedings of the President and Assistants from January before.

The Occasion of Mr. [Alexander] Gordon being desired to forward Letters in Correspondence with the Trust, arose from the Interruption the War gave to that Correspondence; But as Peace is like to be restored, the Correspondence will return wholly to Mr. [William] Hopton, unless Occasional Opportunities may use Mr. Gordon in it. As to the large Balance you mention, wherein Mr. Hoptons Name is a part, what relates to him thereof was but two Sums he recd for Bills I sent him, the one of 12 and the other 6 which the Trustees paid Value for here, the other part arose from what you recd. vizt. For Mrs. [Frances] Watts 40.1.9; Mr. [Nicholas] Rigby 20 replaced, and 300 in Bills of Exchange, which made up the 378.1.9 mentioned in my Letter of the 18th. of March 1746 as part of the Remittances for the Trustees estimated Expences.


Harman Verelst to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, Aug. 17, 1748, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 299, concerning silk sent and lumber for Savannah church. By the Carolina, Capt. Wm. Trenn.

Sir

Your Letters of the 3d. & 9th. of May and 1st. June30 last were recd yesterday, with the Silk Cocoons, which I will shew to Mr. [Samuel] Lloyd, who has been long in Italy, and is entirely Master of the Silk Affair, and is one of Our Trustees for Georgia; This Return, and the Silk you have sent which will be expected soon will enable you to have very full Instructions to perfect this Work.

In my last of the 28th. of July you have Notice of my receiving the Certificate from the President and Assistants of their having recd 11500 feet of Board and Plank for the Church. I am now to acquaint you of my having Mr. [William] Russells Receipt for 1456 feet of Plank, and 400 feet of Inch and 1/2 broad Boards more deld. for the Use of the Church.

Mr. [Chretien] Von Munch has been made acquainted with your Request, and that Notice will be sent him as soon as the Money is orderd.


Benjamin Martyn to John Potter, Secretary to the Duke of Bedford, Dec. 21, 1748, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 299-303, concerning the disbanding of Oglethorpes regiment.

Sir

The Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia, being informd, that the Regiment which was Stationd in that Province, is orderd to be disbanded, and that three Independent Companies are to be formd, out of the same, and to be stationd in South Carolina, have directed me to acquaint You that they think it their Duty, on this Occasion, to lay before his Grace the Duke of Bedford his Majestys Principal Secretary of State, Some things which they conceive to be of the highest Importance, and which they desire his Grace will be pleasd to lay before his Majesty.

Monsieur [Thomas] Goraldino, Minister from the King of Spain, by a Letter to his Grace the Duke of Newcastle his Majestys Principal Secretary of State dated 21 September (2 October N. S.) 1736, a Copy of which is hereunto annexd,laid an absolute Claim to as far as 33 degrees and 50 Minutes of Latitude, which comprehends all the Province of Carolina as well as of Georgia, And this Claim with Alarms given at that time by the Spaniards to the Colony of Georgia, made the Trustees think it their Duty to present a Memorial to his Majesty dated August 10, 1737; That by a necessary Supply of Forces, the Province which is the Southern Frontier of North America, might be protected against the great Dangers that then Seemd to threaten it. Whereupon his Majesty Ordered this Regiment to be posted in Georgia and South Carolina for the Defence of the Southern Frontier of His Majestys Dominions on the Continent of North America.

The Trustees therefore from a Sense of their Duty think it incumbent on them to represent that the Colony of Georgia, by virtue of such Orders, will be left without Protection; and that the Spaniards, having before the War, laid a Claim to this Colony (which Claim the Trustees have never yet heard they have withdrawn) will, they apprehend look upon this Derelection as a tacit Acknowledgement of that Claim; And that thereby so many of his Majestys Subjects invited there under the Protection of his Majestys Charter, as well as Foreign Protestants, encouragd to take Refuge there, from Popish Persecution, will be exposd to the Rage of their inveterate and irreconcileable Enemies.


London 21 September (2 October N.S.) 1736

My Lord

The King my Master had the greatest Reason to expect, from what I had the Honour of hearing insinuated by His Britannick Majestys Ministers in September 1735, before Mr. [James] Oglethorpes Departure, that his Voyage to the Province called Carolina, would have been so far from being able to produce any Effect contrary to the Treaties subsisting between the two Crowns, that it might rather serve to settle the most perfect and best Intelligence between the Government of the abovesaid Province and that of Florida, which belongs to His Majesty; But contrary to these Expectations, the Governor of St. Augustin, the Capital City of the abovesaid Province of Florida, soon after the Receipt of the Letters which I directed to him by the said Mr. Oglethorpe in Order that he might contribute on his Part to so useful a Design, had the Mortification to see a Fortress (situated in the Territories of His Majesty eight Leagues distant from St. Augustin) attached by the Inhabitants of the new Colony called Georgia on the 3d. of March last, and that after they had killed a Soldier belonging to the Spaniards, who defended it, they cut his Head off and carried it away with them in Triumph; After which the said Inhabitants of Georgia had built a Fort upon the Territories of the Sovereignty of Florida, 25 Leagues to the Northward of St. Augustin, at the Entrance of the River of St. Simon, in which they had put a Garrison for its Defence, notwithstanding that formerly the Inhabitants of Carolina, who had built a Fort in the same Place, caused it to be demolished by Order of the Court of England, at the Request of That of Spain.

The Governor of St. Augustin having given the King an Account of the abovesaid Encroachments, has likewise mentioned, that he had just recd Advices from his Lieutenant who resides in the Fort of St. Mark in the Province of Apalache, that the Indians of the Provinces of Uchisses and Talapuzes, Subjects of His Majesty, had complained, that the English were then employed in building a Fort on the Territories of His Majesty, which are inhabited by the above-said Uchissese Indians, and that they had even given out, that they intended to build another on the Territories of the Talapuze Indians to the North West of St. Augustin, and that another Party of 300 English had appeared on the Frontiers of the said Province, and that having set up a Standard of War in a Town of Indians called Apalachicolo, they had summoned the chief Town of the abovesaid Province called Caveta, to join them in Order to make War against the Spaniards, acquainting them at the same time, that they were resolved to demolish the Fort of St. Mark, and afterwards to besiege St. Augustin, to which the Governor did not scruple to give Credit, since the English of Georgia made continual Incursions into the County of Florida, and molested the Inhabitants likewise.

The King has ordered me to represent to His Britannick Majesty, that such a Behaviour in the Inhabitants of Georgia looks rather like an Inclination to interrupt the Peace and good Intelligence happily subsisting between the two Crowns, than to settle their Duration; And as the Facts are glaring of themselves, and cant fail to strike the Mind Of His Britannick Majesty, which is so equitable and full of Justice, I thought I could not execute His Majestys Orders better than by submitting them to the Consideration of His Britannick Majesty, according to the Account given by the Governor of St. Augustin; To which I must add, that the Colony of Carolina being situated in 32 degrees of Latitude, and 294 1/2 of Longitude, and that the Colony of Georgia being to the Southward of the other. That of Georgia is without Dispute on the Territories of the King my Master; and even the former, according to the Treaty of Peace in 1670. By the 7th. Article of which, the Limits were settled precisely for the said Province, and that of Florida, at 33 degrees and 50 Minutes of Latitude, and 339 degrees and 20 Minutes of Longitude, tho the Town called Carolina was tolerated, because it was built before the making the said Treaty. And as by the 8th. Article of the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713, it is agreed that the Limits and Demarcations of the West Indies should remain on the same foot as they were in the Reign of Charles the 2d. of glorious Memory, the King my Master hopes, and does not doubt, but that His Britannick Majesty, by an Effect of his Uprightness and Justice, upon his being informed of what I have the Honour to communicate to your Excellency, will immediately give Orders to cause the Inhabitants of Georgia to be punished, who shall appear to have been guilty of interrupting the Peace between the two Nations, and that Observance be paid to the Limits which have been settled between the two Crowns, and that the Forts which have been built on the Territories in the Demarcation of Florida be immediately demolished. This is what I beg your Excellency to represent to His Britannick Majesty and to let me know his Royal Resolution.

I have the Honour to be &c.

Thomas Geraldino

To His Grace The Duke of Newcastle.


Harman Verelst to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, Jan. 2, 1748/9, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 303-304, concerning lumber sales, payment of bills of exchange, silk received and instructions on silk winding, By the Francis & John. Capt. Henry Boyton.

Sir

Your Letter of May 9th. and Postcript of the 1st. of June, and also your Letter of the 12th. of June last,31 have been received. The Trustees have allowed you 5s p 100 feet for the 11500 feet of Board and Plank you delivered for the Church at Savannah amounting to 28.15.-, and have also allowed you 6s p 100 feet for the 1456 feet of the red Pine Wood Plank, and 5s p 100 feet for the 400 feet of Inch & half broad Boards you since delivered for the Use of the Church amoting to 5.7.4. Both which Sums Messieurs Peter Meyer and Co. will give the proper Receipts on the Certificates sent over for the Use of Mr. [Cretien] Von Munch, to whom you desired Payment to be made.

Mr. [Friedrich Michael] Zeigenhagen having represented to the Trustees the Necessity you was under of drawing a Bill of Exchange for 46.16.6 3/4 on Mr. Broughton for the Bounty of 2s a pd. on the Silk Balls raised the last Spring at Ebenezer; The Trustees gave me Orders to pay the same, which I notified to Mr. Broughton, who directing the Bill on me, it was paid the 29th. of last Month, when it became due.

The Silk Cocoons you sent me, I forwarded to the Gentleman, to whom the Trustees are obliged to for the Instructions sent over relating to the Silk; and having lately received one of the two Boxes of Spun Silk, I sent the same to him for Examination and desired his Observations on both to forward to you as soon as possible.

You are referred to my Letter of the 18th. of March 1746 for the Instructions they sent you, which are very explicit, if duly attended to, and do recommend your reconsidering the same. The Trustees are satisfied of the Necessity of a Chimney to each Furnace, for carrying out the Smoke which to be sure for want of such Chimneys blackens the Silk, as you rightly observe. And another Thing very essential when the Silk is reeling, is to see your Women continually keep pouring in clean Water, and that the Fire be kept so hott as to keep the Water near boiling, and change the whole Water, and clean the Basons at least four times a day; Which will be another Means of making the Silk the brighter, and consequently of more Value.


Harman Verelst to the President and Assistants in Ga., Jan. 2, 1748/9, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 304-305, concerning sola bills and accounts, silk reeling instructions, and purchase of Indian presents. By the Francis & John, Capt. Henry Boyton.

Sir and Gentlemen

By the Henrietta Captain St. Barbe with my Letter of the 29th. of July last, 200 in Sola Bills was sent you, towards the Trustees estimated Expences in Georgia to Christmas last; And by this Conveyance you receive 100 more in Sola Bills, Letter A No. 12701 to 12800 being 100 of l each, to be applied for the same Use. And when the Trustees have made their Application to Parliament, they will order such Expences for the Ensuing Year as shall be found proper to be defrayed in Georgia by them, and send you Remittances for that purpose.

On the 2d. of last Month the General Account of Expences in Georgia for the half Year to Michaelmas 1747 was received; And the Trustees hope soon to have the Duplicates of those Accounts and Vouchers, which the Mary Billander had on board when taken at Sea, as in my last Letter were particularly described.

P.S. Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius having represented to the Trustees, that for want of a Chimney to the Furnace used in the Silk Affair, it blackens the Silk, the Trustees are satisfied of the Necessity thereof to each Furnace, and direct their being built; And it is very essential when the Silk is reeling, to see the Women continually keep pouring in clean Water, and that the Fire be kept so hot as to keep the Water near boiling, and to change the whole Water and clean the Basons at least four times a day; which will be another Means of making the Silk the brighter, and consequently of more Value. This being an Instruction Mr. [Samuel] Lloyd, one of the Trustees, gave me for the Saltzburghers. I communicate the same to you for the Benefit of Savannah.

The Lords Justices by their Warrant dated 25 August 1748 having appointed Mr. Jermyn Wright and my Self, to purchase the Presents for the Indians in South Carolina and Georgia, and to consign them to the Govr. Council and Assembly of South Carolina, for the Use of the two Persons who are to distribute them in Conjunction, to the Indians in South Carolina and Georgia; Which Presents by the same Warrant were to be in seperate Purchases. I have therefore sent a Copy of the Bill of Lading and Invoice for those I purchased to the Agent appointed by the Trustees, and desired his giving you a Copy of said Invoice; and I have also desired the Govr. of South Carolina to send you a Copy of the Invoice of those sent by Mr. Wright for the same Use in Order that you may the better control the Quantities distributed in Georgia, pursuant to the Trustees Instructions, when the Agent lays the Accot. of those distributed in Georgia before you for your Inspection and Approbation. The Presents purchased by both, go by this Conveyance.


Benjamin Martyn to the President and Assistants in Ga., Jan. 2, 1748/9, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 305-309, concerning conflicting land grants at Augusta, status of Savannah church building, silk production and encouragement, disbanding of Oglethropes regiment, land for discharged soldiers, government at Frederica, Bartholomew Zouberbuhlers dissatisfaction, and securing land from Uchee Indians for Ebenezer. By the Francis & John, Capt. Boyton.

Sir and Gentlemen

The Trustees recd a few days ago the Packet, which was sent from the President in a Box by the Glascow Man of War.

They have but few Things to observe upon in the Letters; But in the first place, they Order me to let you know they are well pleasd with the Caution you have shewn, with Regard to those who have applied for Grants of Land, in inquiring into their Abilities to cultivate the same; and they desire you will persevere therein. On this Occasion They have directed me to take Notice to you of a Petition (which has been given them thro the Hands of Dr. Mead) from William Gray of Augusta Planter dated February 16th 1747/8 That having been in possession of 500 Acres of Land for Eight Years and upwards, and settled on the same by and with the Permission of General Oglethorpe, and improvd and planted it, he now finds to his great Disappointment, that a Warrant is granted by you at the Desire of one James Frazer of Augusta, Storekeeper for Mr. William Yeomans of Charles Town, that the said Lands might be admeasurd and lain out by Thomas Ellis, Surveyor, for the Use and Benefit of Peter Shepherd, Patroon of the said Yeomanss Boat, who publickly professes himself a Papist, and that the said Lands have accordingly been laid out for Shepherd, to the great Damage of the Petitioner, which he can make full Testimony of.

Upon reading this Letter, the Trustees lookd into your Proceedings, and they found, that on the 22nd. of April 1747 Peter Shepherd petitioned you for a Grant of 500 Acres on an Island situated on the River Savanah, above 16 Miles above Fort Augusta, adjacent to the Uchee Old Field, and that you recommended him to the Trust for the same; But on the 16th. of Janry. 1747 the Surveyor acquainting you, that you were misinformed in the Quantity of Lands on the Uchee Island, whereby Peter Shephered was disappointed in having a Possession there as intended, and the said Shepherd renewing his Petition for a Grant at some other Place within the District of Augusta, you ordered him the like Quantity at new Savanah, near Lands belonging to Daniel Dourouzeaux.

The Trustees hope that Peter Shepherds Disappointment at the first place might be owing to the Surveyors finding that Land belongd to William Gray, especially as there is but the Difference of a Month between your last Order, and the Date of Grays Petition, and he might therefore be ignorant of your last Order; But if otherwise, you must make a full Enquiry into it, that, if the Allegations of his Petition are true, Justice may be immediately done him. The Trustees are informd by Dr. Mead, that Captn. Kent is in the same Circumstance as Wm. Gray, and Part of his Land has been granted to another; Enquiry must be made into that likewise, that Justice may be done him. And they desire you will, in all the Allotments of Land you may make, give a strict Charge, that in running them out for new Grantees, the Surveyor should take particular Care, never to encroach on the Property of others.

The Trustees expected you would have sent some Account of the Church being finished, but perhaps an Account may have been in some of the Letters, which have miscarried; However, They take it for granted, from your Silence about it, that it is now compleat.

The Trustees think that the Sum of 20 given by you in August last to the Widow Anderson was very right, as She has shewn a remarkable Zeal and Industry in the Silk Business. The Silk which has been received at different times from the Colony has been organzind, and woven into Damask; And by the Opinion of the Weavers and Mercers, thro whose Hands it has passd, or have seen it in the Piece of Damask, it answers all the Ends of the finest Piedmontese Silk, and some even give it the Preference. It will always be sure of a speedy and profitable Market, and to encourage all the People to apply themselves to gain the Knowledge of winding off the Silk, the Trustees intend, instead of paying them for the Balls, to pay them immediately for the Silk it Self, to as full a Value as can be afforded, allowing for Expences afterwards; and Mr. [Samuel] Lloyd, one of the Trustees, is settling the different Values for the different Sortments of Silk, which you will receive with further Instructions, by the next Packet. In the mean time the great Advantages arising from the Silk cannot be too strongly or frequently inculcates; and the Trustees hope for this from you, both by Example and Exhortation to the People; And they bid me say, the Progress made by the People in this Produce shall for the future be the Measure of their Favours. That you are in possession of a Treasure, of more Consequence than any Mine would be, and which will not require great Pains or Labour to produce. This has been for many Years recommended to you and by you to the People, from the Trustees, and they are more earnest in it now, from the Credit this little Silk has already gaind in the Town. It is very evident the Art of winding off the Silk from the Balls may be obtaind by reading proper Instructions, and closely observing them, and these Mr. [Samuel] Lloyd has furnishd you with. The Saltzburghers have shewn an Attention to them in a peculiar manner, the Trustees are therefore desirous of giving them all the Encouragement in their Power to persevere; This likewise they require you to do, and particularly that they be not only allowd, but assisted (where they may want it) to wind off the Silk themselves at Ebenezer, as it is not the Design of the Trustees to have this the Business of any particular Woman in the Province, but the Employment of every one.

His Majesty has been pleasd to signify his Orders (which Captn. [George] Dumbar carries over by this Ship to Lieut. Col. [Alexander] Heron) that Lieut. General [James] Oglethorpes Regiment shall be disbanded, and that three Independent Companies shall be formd out of the same, to be stationd in South Carolina; But, to shew His Majestys Care of his Subjects in Georgia, and that he is determind to maintain his indubitable Right, and preserve the Possession of the Colony, he has been pleasd to order a Detachment of two Officers, with Non Commission Officers in proportion, and forty private Men to be stationd at or near Frederica; And one Serjeant, one Corporal, and twelve Men in Jekyll Island.

Govr. [James] Glen is directed likewise by the Duke of Bedford, Principal Secretary of State, to make a Detachment of twenty Men with an Officer from Port Royal to be stationd at Fort Augusta.

These Detachments (considering we are now at Peace with all our Neighbours) are lookd on by the Government to be a sufficient Security for the present.

His Majesty has been pleasd also to order, that the Sum of 5. Sterling p head shall be given, at the time of disbanding, to such of the Soldiers as shall make it their Option to stay and settle in the Colony, rather than return to England; The Trustees therefore direct, that two of the Assistants should (on the Receipt of this) immediately go to Frederica, in Order to be present at the disbanding of the Regiment, and offer to each Man of such Soldiers a Grant of 50 Acres of good Land, in what Part of the Colony they may chuse, and not already granted with Provisions for a Year to them and their Wives and Children, in the same manner as have usually been given to those, who have been sent over at the Expence of the Trust; And you must transmit to the Trustees by the first Opportunity a List of such Soldiers who may resolve to stay, their Wives, and Children, and the Places where they may settle.

The Trustees direct that the two Assistants, who shall go to Frederica, should make an immediate Enquiry into all the Grants of Land made, or Lands possessd within the Island of St. Simons, or the Neighbourhood of it, how far they have been cultivated, and by whom possessd, or for whose Benefit; And particularly, a large Parcel of Land on the Island of St. Simons, said to be set apart for the Use of the Regiment; And also the 3000 Acres which were granted, upon the first Establishment of the Regiment, for five Acre Lots for each of the Soldiers. If any of those, who shall stay after their being disbanded, should chuse their Lots on these Lands (and these should be first offered to them) their five Acre Lots must then be made up fifty; And if there should be more than these Lands, so proportiond, would be sufficient for, Lots must be offerd to them as near adjoining as possible, that they may be able to assist one another in Cultivation. Offers must likewise be made to such of the Officers, who shall be disbanded, and may be inclind to stay, that if they have Grants already, they shall have all the necessary Confirmation of the same. And those who have not, must on their Desire be furnished with them, in proportion to their Abilities, and in what Part of the Colony they may chuse.

The Trustees likewise direct the aforesaid two Assistants to make an Enquiry what Number of Freeholders may be at present at Frederica, or near it, and whether sufficient to form a Town Court, that this may be revivd at that Place, in Case the Trustees should think proper; And they require as speedy an Answer to this as possible after the Enquiry. They would be glad to know at the same time if any One of the Assistants would be inclind to go to Frederica, and reside there as first Magistrate, and which of them, and what Terms he would expect.

The Trustees are concernd to find that you have any Apprehensions of Mr. [Bartholomew] Zouberbuhlers being dissatisfied, and looking out for Preferment in any other Place. He has performd his Duty so well hitherto, and so much better than any of his Predecessors that the Loss of him, could not easily be repaird. What the Trustees can, they are very willing to do, to make him easy. Mr. Verelst will write more fully to him than I have at present Time to do; But the Trustees have resolvd, to have the 300 Acres for Religious Uses cultivated in the best manner that can be for the Support, not only of himself, but his Successors; They intend that he shall have three Servants for this purpose, and that a Hut shall be built for the Convenience of his Servants on the 300 Acres. I must refer you, as I write in a hurry, to Mr. Verelsts Letter to him for the rest.

The Trustees want to know if you have taken any Steps towards obtaining of the Uchee Indians, the Lands lying a little above Ebenezer, in Order to be added to their Township; They desire youll take the first Opportunity of doing it, and acquaint them as soon as possible with your Proceedings.


Benjamin Martyn to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, Jan. 2, 1748/9, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 310-311, concerning silk culture, land above Ebenezer Creek, and peacetime military establishment. By the Francis & John, Capt. Boyton.

Sir

Your Letters of the 23d of July and the 5th. of August, together with your Journal, have been recd, and laid before the Trustees, to whom they provd very satisfactory. The Progress made by the Saltzburghers in the Silk is particularly so, and will prove highly beneficial to themselves in a short time. It begins now to be a Subject of Discourse here in London, for some of the Silk, lately sent over, among which was some of the Saltzburghers, had been organizind by Mr. [Samuel] Lloyd, the Gentleman who sent you the Instructions, and was afterwards woven into as fine a Price of Damask as has been seen. You may depend on the Trustees giving all the Encouragement in their Power, and that you can reasonably ask for your People to persevere in it; And I have by their Directions, and as you desird, wrote to the President and Assistants, that your young Women should be permitted to draw off the Silk themselves at Ebenezer.

I have likewise wrote to know what the President & Assistants have done, in relation to the Uchee Lands lying a little above Ebenezer, which they were to have purchasd of the Indians, in Order to be added to your Township. As this may depend a good deal upon the Humour of the Indians, with whom they must proceed in the gentlist manner imaginable, it may not be accomplishd perhaps so soon as could be wishd; But the President and Assistants have orders to take the first Opportunity to do it.

His Majesty has been pleasd (upon the Establishment of the Peace) to signify his Orders for disbanding Genl. Oglethropes Regiment, which Orders are to be carried over by the Conveyance by which youll receive this; You, and the Saltzburghers however need not be alarmd, as to the Preservation of the Colony, which is a Point His Majesty has resolvd upon, and has accordingly orderd a Detachment of 40 Men with proper Officers to be stationd at Frederica, and a Detachment of a Serjeant, a Corporal and 12 Men at Jekyll Island, and in Order to watch the Motions of the Indians, another Detachment of an Officer and 20 Men to be stationd at Fort Augusta, which last will guard the Passage into the Colony of Georgia by the River Savannah. Which Detachments (considering it is now a Time of Place with all our Neighbours) is lookd upon by the Government to be a sufficient Security for the present.


Benjamin Martyn to Gov. James Glen of S. C., Jan. 2, 1748/9, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 311, concerning peacetime military establishment. By the Francis and John, Capt. Boyton.

Sir

The Secretary at War has acquainted the Trustees for Georgia, that His Majesty has been pleasd to signify his Orders (which Captn. [George] Dunbar carries over to Lieut. Col. [Alexander] Heron) that Lieut. General Oglethorpes Regiment should be disbanded, and that three Independent Companies are to be formd out of the same, to be stationd in So. Carolina; But that a Detachment of two Officers, with Non Commission Officers in proportion, and 40 private Men are to be stationd at or near Frederica in Georgia; and 1 Serjeant, 1 Corporal and 12 Men in Jekyll Island.

He has likewise informd them, that His Grace the Duke of Bedford, principal Secretary of State, is by this Conveyance to signify to you Excellency His Majestys Orders likewise, for a Detachment of 20 Men with proper Officers to be made from Port Royal, to be stationd at Fort Augusta up the River Savanah.

Sir, As I had the Honour to inform your Excellency by a Letter dated March 10th. 1746, I have now the Trustees Orders to repeat, that they look on the Welfare and Interest of the two Provinces, South Carolina and Georgia, to be inseparable and They govern themselves by this Principle. They have no Doubt but your Excellency is of the same Opinion, and therefore hope you will give Directions to the several Officers of the Detachments to be made into the Province of Georgia, that upon all Occasions, they should submit to, and be ready to support the Civil Administration of Justice.


Harman Verelst to the Rev. Bartholomew Zouberbuhler, Jan. 2, 1748/9, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 312, concerning servants to cultivate his land, and lumber in Ga. By the Francis and John, Capt. Boyton.

Sir

Your Letter of the 2d. of August last, and Representation to the President and Assistants in Georgia, have been recd, and laid before the Committee of Correspondence of the Trustees; The Account you give of the Employment of your two Servants is very well testified, the Trustees have no Desire of preventing your receiving the Allowances for their Maintenance, though you have but one at present. Their great Aim is to have the Land appropriated for Religious Uses, so cultivated as to be hereafter productive of a Rent, and their Reason of having the Servants they allotted under your Direction was to hasten that good End, and for that purpose they have it in their Thoughts to supply you with two more Servants to be added to the One you have, to be employed at all proper times in the said Cultivation for your Benefit, and to order a good Hutt to be built, for their Residence on the Land; This dont hinder them from rendering you any Service in their Power, when unemployed in such Cultivation.

The Trustees have Reason to experct, there will be a Demand for Lumber from the West Indies, and that the Wood in Georgia will become so converted in Scantlings, Shingles and Staves by such Demand, as well as the Use the Saltzburghers at Ebenezer make of the Wood; That it will find its Value, though at present you represent it, as an Incumbrance, by Inability of converting it as cheap as Neighbouring Provinces. Laborious Servants cannot prove a Burthen, but possibly some People who have met with the contrary Sort, may have found them so.

The Trustees are very well satisfied with your Care in Spiritual Affairs, and will apply to get your Stipend continued from the Incorporated Society; You also find their Willingness to continue the Payment of the Allowances for two Servants, though you have but one at present, until they can send you two others to that one, fit for Labour, for your own and Successors Benefit on the Land for Religious Uses, which in the first place is for the Maintenance of a Minister.


Harman Verelst to William Hopton, Jan. 3, 1748/9, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 313, concerning the dispatch of mail to Ga. By the Francis and John, Capt. Boyton.

Sir

By the inclosed Receipt, You are intitled to receive a small Box, I shippd on board the Francis and John Captn. Boyton, by Order of the Trustees for Georgia, to your Care to forward to Georgia. The Trustees desire, that on Receipt of this, you will immediately get the Box on shore and by a special Messenger at their Expence, send it directly to Savannah, without waiting for the Opportunity of any Passengers who may be on board for Georgia. Please therefore to lose no time in the Dispatch required of you, and acquaint Mr. [William] Stephens you had the Trustees Direction for the Expence of this Express.


Harman Verelst to the Governor, Council and Assembly of S. C., Jan. 5, 1748/9, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 313-314, concerning purchase and distribution of Indian presents. By the Francis and John, Capt. Boyton.

Sir and Gentlemen

The Lords Justices by their Warrant dated the 25th. of August last having appointed Mr. Jermyn Wright and my Self to purchase Presents for the Indians in South Carolina and Georgia, and to consign them to you, the Governor Council and Assembly of South Carolina, for the Use of the two Persons who are to distribute them in Conjunction to the Indians in South Carolina and Georgia; Which Presents by the same Warrant were permitted to be in seperate Purchases, though for the same Use; I have therefore herewith sent you the Invoice and Bill of Lading for those I purchased, and shippd on board the Francis and John Captn. Henry Boyton, and consigned them as directed by the said Warrant, which I hope will come safe to Hand.

Please to instruct the Person you shall appoint to act in Conjunction with the Person appointed by the Trustees for Georgia in the said Distribution, to let me know how the Assortment I have sent proves, to answer His Majestys Royal Intention of giving the proper Presents to the said Indians; And if any Alterations may be necessary in the next Years Presents from those now sent, either in Quantities or Nature of them, I shall carefully observe it.

I have sent to Wm. Stephens Esqr. (the Person appointed by the Trustees for Georgia to act in such Distribution with the Person to be appointed by you) a Copy of the Bill of Lading and Invoice of the Presents purchased by me; You will please therefore to order a Copy of the Invoice Mr. Jermyn Wright sends you by this Ship, of those he purchased, to be sent to the President and Assistants in Georgia, whereby the whole Quantities and Species of Presents sent will appear, and enable the said President and Assistants, as well as you the Governor Council and Assembly, to controll the Quantities distributed by the said two Persons in Conjunction, in the respective Provinces, when the said Persons shall lay their several Accounts of Distributions in each Province before the respective Administrations in them for Inspection and Approbation, to vouch their said Accounts of Distributions in each Province, to be forwarded from South Carolina and Georgia to His Majestys Principal Secretary of State, as required by His Grace the Duke of Bedfords Letter; And in Order that this Service should not stop for want of the Personal Attendance of Wm. Stephens Esqr. in South Carolina, the Trustees have also appointed Mr. Patrick Graham, one of the Assistants in Georgia, to act for the said William Stephens, when it shall be necessary, in such manner as may best answer His Majestys intended Purpose of securing the Friendship of the said Indians; and to vouch the particular Accounts of such Distribution, pursuant to the Instructions given by the Trustees for Georgia, and such Instructions as you shall think necessary to give. A Copy of those given by the Trustees for Georgia are herewith sent you.


Harman Verelst to William Stephens, Jan. 5, 1748/9, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 315-316, concerning Indian present distribution. By the Francis and John, Capt. Boyton.

Sir

You being appointed by the Trustees for Georgia the Person to act in Conjunction with the Person to be appointed by the Governor Council and Assembly of South Carolina in the Distribution of Presents sent from England, for the Indians in South Carolina and Georgia; Which by the Lords Justices Warrant dated the 25th. of August last, were permitted to be purchased by Mr. Jermyn Wright and my Self, in seperate Purchases, though for the same Use; and were directed to be consignd to the Governor Council and Assembly of South Carolina, for the Use of the two Persons who are to distribute them in Conjunction, to the Indians in South Carolina and Georgia; I have therefore herewith sent you a Copy of the Invoice and Bill of Lading for those I purchasd and shippd on board the Francis and John Captn. Henry Boyton.

I have desired the Governor Council and Assembly of South Carolina to order a Copy of the Invoice of the Presents purchasd by Mr. Jermyn Wright and sent by this Ship, to be sent to the President and Assistants in Georgia; From whom you may have a Copy, and to whom please to give a Copy of the Invoice I send you, whereby the whole Quantities and Species of Presents sent will appear, which are to be distributed in Conjunction in both Provinces. I have sent to the said Governor Council and Assembly a Copy of the Instructions prepared by the Trustees and sent you which, with those the said Governor Council and Assembly shall prepare for the Person they shall appoint to act in Conjunction in this Service, will be the Rule for the said Distribution. And the said two Persons being to attest the Accounts of the Distributions made in each Province, and to lay the same before their respective Administrations, that is to say, the Account of those distributed in South Carolina before the Governor Council and Assembly in that Province for their Inspection and Approbation, and the Account of those distributed in Georgia before the President and Assistants in Georgia for their Inspection and Approbation; Which Accounts are to be sent to England from the said respective Provinces to His Majestys Principal Secretary of State, as required by His Grace the Duke of Bedfords Letter.

I have also acquainted the said Governor Council and Assembly; That the Trustees, to prevent any Stop to this Service for the Want of your Personal Attendance in South Carolina, had appointed Mr. Patrick Graham, one of the Assistants in Georgia to act for you when it shall be necessary, in such manner as may best answer His Majestys intended Purpose of securing the Friendship of the said Indians, and to vouch the particular Accounts of such Distribution pursuant to the beforementioned Instructions. A Copy of those given by the Trustees I have herewith sent you.


Benjamin Martyn to Lt. Col. Alexander Heron, Jan. 7, 1748/9, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 316, concerning land for disbanded soldiers. By the Francis & John, Capt. Boyton.

Sir

His Majesty having been pleasd to order that upon the Disbanding of Lieut. Genl. [James] Oglethorpes Regiment, the Sum of 5 Sterl. shall be given to each of the Soldiers of the said Regiment who shall be disbanded; And shall make it his Option to stay and settle in the Colony; The Trustees have orderd two of the Assistants in Georgia to attend at the Disbanding, and immediately put such Soldiers in possession of fifty Acres of good Land each Man, and have likewise resolvd to grant to them, their Wives, and Children Provisions for a Year, Provided They proceed in the Cultivation of their Lands, to raise a future Maintenance for themselves and Families; Which the Trustees have orderd me to acquaint You with, that You cooperate therein, as His Majestys Orders for Disbanding the Regiment, and paying the said Sum of 5 Sterl, to each of the said Men, are sent to you.


Benjamin Martyn to the President and Assistants in Ga., Jan. 7, 1748/9, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 317, directing inventory of stores and boats in southern Ga. By the Francis & John, Capt. Boyton.

Sir and Gentlemen

As the Trustees Storehouse at Frederica has been usd for the Kings Magazine of Stores, and as the Regiment is Ordered to be Disbanded; The Trustees direct, that the two Assistants, who are to attend the Disbanding of the Regiment, do employ a proper Person to take an Inventory of all the Stores and Provisions therein (describing the several Species thereof) and also an Account of what Boats and Vessels, and their several Appurtenance are in the Southward Part of the Province, whether belonging to His Majesty, or the Trustees, and the Assistants are to appoint a proper Person to take care of the said Stores, Boats &c to prevent any Embezzlemt. thereof, and to transmit as soon as possible a particular Account, distinguishing which may belong to His Majesty, and which to the Trustees.


Harman Verelst to the President and Assistants in Ga., Jan. 10, 1748/ 9, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 317-318, concerning sola bills and land for Capt. George Dunbar. By the Francis and John, Capt. Boyton.

Sir and Gentlemen

Captain George Dunbar having Occastion for a Remittance of 200 to pay in Georgia; The Trustees have recd Cash for their Sola Bills of Exchange dated the 2d. instant No. 12801 to 13000, Letter A. Value One pound each, delivered him for the same, and to whom by the Trustees Order I have given a Receipt for the said 200 to be paid into the Bank of England for answering the Payment of the said Bills on their Return to England, when issued.

These Bills were filld up at first as the former ones were, but to prevent any Inconveniency by Disappointment to Captain Dunbar, if by Accident it should so happen that two of the three Persons the Bills were filld up to should dye before his Arrival, his Name by Order of the Common Council of the Trustees was added in the Bodies of the said Bills, by an Interlineation in each; You are therefore to order the Indorsements on them to be filled up in Georgia to the said Captn. George Dunbar, or in such manner as he shall direct, the Trustees having recd Cash for their full Value, as abovementioned.

These Bills are to be Enterd in the Trustees Accounts in Georgia either Debtor or Creditor; But You are to direct a Minute of your Board to be taken, of the Order you shall give on this Occasion.

[P.S.] Captain Dunbar, who brings you this, having on 25th. of March last applied to the Trustees for 500 Acres of Land in lieu of his former Grant of that Quantity, which he agreed to surrender up, the Trustees recommend it to you to accommodate him therein in such manner as you can, and will best suit his intended Cultivation of them, with such Right of Common as before was wrote to you.


Benjamin Martyn to the President and Assistants in Ga., Jan. 14, 1748/9, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 318, concerning arms for discharged soldiers and James Habersham appointed an Assistant. By the Francis and John, Capt. Boyton.

Sir and Gentlemen

Orders are just given, and sent to Lt. Col. [Alexander] Heron, or the Commanding Officer of Lieut. Genl. Oglethropes Regiment, that the disbanded Soldiers should be permitted to keep their Arms, if they make if their Option to stay and settle in the Colony; The Lt. Col. perhaps may think proper to deliver up to the two Assistants (who are to attend the disbanding) the Arms for the Use of the said Soldiers chusing to settle there; In this Case, the said Assistants must give them to the Soldiers, after they are put in possession of their Lands, and no time must be lost in laying these out for them, for which Reason the Surveyor must accompany the Assistants, when they go to the Southward.

The Trustees have appointed Mr. James Habersham, an additional Assistant.


Benjamin Martyn to Lt. Col. Alexander Heron, Jan. 14, 1748/9, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 319, concerning delivery of arms to discharged soldiers. By the Francis and John, Capt. Boyton.

Sir

I am just informd that you will receive Directions from the Secretary at War, and the Board of Ordnance, that the disbanded Soldiers, who shall make it their Option to stay and settle in the Colony, should be permitted to keep their Arms. It may not be improper perhaps to use a little Caution in this Case lest the Soldiers, after having declard their Option, should go away with their Arms; These may therefore, if you think proper, be delivered to the two Assistants, who shall attend at the disbanding, in Order to be given back to the Soldiers immediately on their taking Possession of their Lands.


Benjamin Martyn to James Habersham, Jan. 14, 1748/9, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 319, informing him of his appointment as an Assistant. By the Francis and John, Capt. Boyton.

Sir

I have the Pleasure to acquaint you that the Trustees have just appointed you an additional Assistant to the four already in Georgia.


Harman Verelst to William Stephens, Jan. 16, 1748/9, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 319-320, concerning packet of mail and silk received. By the Francis and John, Capt. Boyton.

Sir

Yesterday the Boatswain of the Charming Nancy Captain White, brought a Box directed to the Trustees Secretary, containing the Contents of your Packet dated in October 1747 sent by the Mary Billander Captain Bostock, taken in her Passage to England; Of which Box p Captn. White, no Advice was given, and had the Captain omitted sending it, it might have been lost, and the Trustees had a second Disappointment of the said Contents, which were much wanted and particularly as to the Accounts now received.

Mr. [James] Habersham sent me a small Box of Silk from Ebenezer by the same Ship, and advised me of it. You will inquire how this Omission of Advice happend, that the like may be prevented for the future.


Benjamin Martyn to John Potter, Feb. 2, 1748/9, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 320-321, concerning Martyns letter published in Dutch and English newspapers.

Sir

I have laid before the Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia, Your Letter dated the 28th. of January last (which did not come to my hands till yesterday morning), that his Grace the Duke of Bedford having taken notice that a Translation in French of my Letter to you of the 21st of December last,32 in relation to an Order for disbanding the Regiment of Foot in Georgia, is printed in the Hague French Gazette of the 27th. of Janry. N.S., and that a Paragraph likewise relating to this Matter is printed in the Whitehall Evening Post of the 26th of Janry. his Grace had directed those two Papers to be sent to me, in Order to be laid before the Trustees &c.

Sir. It was with the utmost Concern and Surprize the Trustees found that a Paper from their Office, especially of such Importance, had made its way into any Foreign Gazettes, at this critical Juncture. They are truly sensible of the pernicious Consequences of it, for, no Notice being taken at the same time of what his Majesty has been graciously pleasd to order. vizt. That Detachments of Soldiers from three Independent Companies in South Carolina are to be stationd in proper Places in Georgia to preserve the Possession of the Province. The publishing this Letter seperately may tend to confirm the Spaniards in the Opinion, they have entertaind of their Right to the Provinces of Georgia and South Carolina, and it must necessarily raise Apprehensions and Distrusts in the minds of those foreign Protestants, who are already happily settled in Georgia and of those likewise who might be inclind, upon the Establishment of Peace, to go from Europe to join them; This Letter must occasion their Despair of finding that Protection which they have expected, and has been promisd to them, in that Part of his Majestys Dominions.

The Trustees read also, with the greatest Astonishment, the Paragrah in the Whitehall Evening Post relating to the said Letter, and containing invidious Remarks on the Disbanding of the Regiment; Remarks entirely foreign from their Sentiments, and which the Letter could not authorize the News Writers to make. They think it their Duty, on this Occasion to declare their perfect Satisfaction in what his Majesty has been pleasd to order. They have not one Doubt of the Safety of the People under their Care being preservd, or of the Possession of the Province of Georgia being maintaind.

In pursuance of his Grace the Duke of Bedfords Directions, The Trustees have made the strictest Inquiry in the best manner they could, whether any, or what Copies of my Letter to you have been given to any Person or Persons and to whom, and They do not find after such Inquiry, that any Copy of my said Letter has been given out of the Office to any Person except one which was given to Lieut. General [James] Oglethorpe at his desire on the day the said Letter was written.

The Trustees have directed me to say further, that they are entirely ignorant by whose Means or Contrivance the said Letter was communicated to the Authors of the Utrecht and Hague Gazettes, or the said Paragraph in the Whitehall Evening Post (which is varied from the Letter by the Addition of invidious Remarks) was there in inserted.


Benjamin Martyn to the President and Assistants at Savannah, March 11, 1748/9, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 322-325, concerning little recent mail, spirit of industry needed, silk production encouragement, time of meetings of president and assistants, need of wharf for lumber sales, James Habershams appointment as assistant, receipt of representation to admit Negroes to Ga. By the Fortrose, Capt. James Mackenzie.

Sir and Genlemen

The Trustees have orderd me to tell you, that they have recd but little Intelligence from you lately, at which they are surprisd, as there have been more frequent Opportunities of sending Packets since the Establishment of Peace, than there usd to be.

They hope this Peace will produce, what, all their Admonitions for several Years have been ineffectual in, that is, the raising a Spirit of Industry among the People, for they are concernd to find that the Inhabitants of Savanah, after so many Years Possession of their Lands, are obligd to have Recourse to New York even for Corn for their Subsistance. Upon this Occasion, the Trustees think it incumbent on them to acquaint you in particular, that their Term of Government of the Colony will expire in four Years and an half, and therefore it becomes more immediately necessary for you, to cultivate and improve your Lots, that these may be in a Condition to support you in a proper manner when your Salaries must cease; and they hope your Examples will have a good Effect on others.

If the People will yet give their attention to what has been so often recommended to them by the Trustees, vizt. The Produce of Silk; They may within these four Years make such a Progress, as may render the Province of the highest Importance in this Article, and recommend it to the farther Care and Bounty of the Government here; And, that nothing may be wanting in the Trustees towards promoting it; They have come to the following Resolutions that you shall be enabled to pay immediately to People who raise and produce the Silk.

The Sum of 14s Sterling for every pound of 16 Ounces of the first Sort of Silk of 5 or 6 Threads

The Sum of 12s Sterling for every pound of 16 Ounces of the second Sort of about 8 Threads

And 6s for every pound of 16 Ounces of the worst Sort.

As some of the People may be only able to raise Cocoons, and others only to wind the Silk, They must then be paid in the following Proportions. vizt.

For the Cocoons, which produce the first Sort, that is, those wherein one Worm only is containd, the Sum of One Shilling Sterling is to be paid for every pound of 16 Ounces; And as 10 or 11 pounds of these Cocoons will make one pound of Silk, the Sum of 3s Sterling must be paid to the Winder of it.

For the Cocoons, which produce the second Sort, which is of about 8 Threads, One Shilling Sterling is to be paid for every pound of 16 Ounces, and two Shillings Sterling to the Winder of every such pound of Silk.

For the Cocoons, which produce the worst Sort, that is, those wherein two or three Worms are intermixd, four pence Sterl. for every pound of 16 Ounces, and Is Sterl. to the Winder.

By the foregoing Prices and Regulations the Persons who wind off the Silk, or their Families, will have sufficient Encouragement to raise what Cocoons they can themselves; And those who raise the Cocoons will be encouragd likewise to employ their Female Children in learning to wind; And yet those who can do only one of the two will have an ample Profit from their Labour.

When any Cocoons are brought to be paid for, Mrs. Anderson, or some other Person, who understands the Art of winding must attend in Order to examine the Cocoons and give their Opinion to you of what Sort they are, that you may determine what the Owners of them are to be paid. And the Cocoons must be purchasd in time, or else they will prove useless, unless for Seed.

The Trustees desire to know, whether Mrs. Camuse raisd any Cocoons, or reeld off any Silk in the last Year, and what became of them; or it. For no Account has been recd of any Silk raisd at Savanah since the Year 1747, nor is that Silk yet recd which is supposd to be for want of a safe Conveyance.

As I told you in my last Letter, the Trustees direct that the Saltzburghers be at Liberty to wind off their own Cocoons at Ebenezer. They hope you have paid, as they orderd the Sum of 5 Sterl. for each of the two Women in that Settlement and as a third there has acquird the Art, they have resolvd to give her likewise the same Sum as a Reward for her Industry; They will also give the Sum of 40s Sterl. to every other Woman at Ebenezer, and in other Parts of the Colony, who shall qualify herself in the same manner within the next Year.

I have by the Trustees Directions, acquainted Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius with this; And they have resolvd to send over a Sum of Money to be deposited with him, in Order to pay the Saltzburghers, for the future, for their Silk, upon the Spot, in the Proportions as mentioned above.

Mr. Miller of Chelsea has been preparing some Instructions for cultivating Mulberry Trees, and with this are sent over to you, that you may give Copies of them among the People, who should be told likewise, that the black Mulberry Leaf is as proper as the white for the Worm, tho there is no greater Difficulty in raising one Tree than the others.

The Trustees want to be informd in several Things about which I have wrote to you; particularly the Church and what has been done with Regard to the Cowpen, and killing the wild Cattle.

The Trustees think you should have stated Times of Meeting, at least One day or two in the first Week of every Month, that those People of the Province, who are at a distance from Savanah, may not be liable to Disappointments (when they have Occasion to attend you) and to additional Trouble and Expence.

I have acquainted you before how much the Trustees have at heart the Opening of a Lumber Trade; They are still attentive to it; And as the Saltzburghers, by means of their Saw Mill, are most likely to begin such a Trade, every Encouragement which can be given, the Trustees require you to give; As they can float their Boards and Plank down the River Savanah, it is absolutely necessary that they should have a convenient Wharfe, for lodging and piling them ready for Shipping, and appropriated to themselves. The Trustees direct me to say they cannot see what Objection there can be to their having a Wharf of 60 or 70 feet in front, between the present publick Wharf and the Guard House, instead of being on the Upper Side of the Town of Savanah, which must be inconvenient for that purpose; The Town, and every Inhabitant of it, will reap the Benefit of having Shipping and a Market there, instead therefore of throwing any Difficulties in the Way, all should unite in removing them; And this the Trustees particularly expect from you.

You will receive herewith the Appointment of Mr. James Habersahm to be the 5th. Assistant, in Mr. Patrick Grahams becoming the 4th. by Mr. Samuel Marcers being the third.

P.S. I have this Instant recd your Letter dated January 12, 1748/9 with the Representation, which Ill lay before the Trustees the first Opportunity.


Mr. Millers Instructions how to plant, prune and manage

Mulberry Trees in Georgia.

The two Ways of propagating Mulberry Trees, are by Seed, and laying down the young Branches, which in one Year will be sufficiently rooted for transplanting.

The Seeds of the white Mulberry may be easily procured in Quantity either in the South of France or Italy.

The Seeds of the common Mulberry of Carolina may be gotten in the Woods when the Fruit is ripe, and this Sort I should prefer to the white.

These Seeds may be sown in the Spring and in one Year the Plants may be transplanted out.

These Trees should always be kept low like Hedges, for the more easily cutting off the Leaves, which is most expeditiously done with Garden Sheers, in the same manner as Hedges are clippd.

There should be new Plantations made every third or fourth Year, for which Purpose some of the lower Shoots should be laid down in the Ground, the Year before which is the most expeditious Way to propagate them.


Benjamin Martyn to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, March 11, 1748/9, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 325-327, concerning silk culture, payment of John Ludwig Meyer, wharf for lumber trade, and culture of mulberry trees. By the Fortrose, Capt. James Mackenzie.

Sir

I have recd and laid before the Trustees your Packet containing Letters and a Journal dated in October last.

It is with great Pleasure they see the Industry of the Saltzburghers in manufacturing the Silk, and your own Attention to this very usefull Product. Orders are again sent, by this Conveyance, to the President and Assistants to pay the Sum of 5 to each of the two young Women, who had learnt to wind, in case they have not been paid, as you complaind; And the Trustees have resolvd to give the Sum of 5 Sterling to the third young Woman, recommended by you, as a Reward for having acquird the Art; And they will give the Sum of 2 Sterling to every other young Woman, who shall make her Self Mistress of the same within the next Year. As in your Letter to the President and Assistants, dated October 8th. you was doubtfull whether the Sums orderd to be given to the two first young Women were to be a Yearly Allowance, I am directed by the Trustees to acquaint you, that they never designd them so, but only as Rewards for their Industry & Application, in having learnt the Art of winding; Indeed, as the Trustees could not afford to give such Annual Sums, so the People who raise the Cocoons, and wind the Silk, will not stand in need of them, as the Price they will receive for their Labour, and the immediate Payment of the Money, will be a sufficient Encouragement for their Perserverance. That the Money may be paid immediately to the Saltzburghers concerned herein, the Trustees intend to send over a Sum of Money to be deposited in your Hands, and to be paid by you, or by Mr. [John Ludwig] Meyer under your Directions, in the following Proportions. vizt.

The Sum of 14s Sterling for every pound of 16 Ounces, of the first Sort of Silk of 5 or 6 Threads.

The Sum of 12s Sterling for every pound of 16 Ounces of the second Sort of about 8 Threads.

And the Sum of 6s for every Pound of 16 Ounces of the worst Sort.

As some of the People may be able only to raise Cocoons, and others only to wind the Silk; They must then be paid in the following Proportions. vizt.

For the Cocoons, which produce the first Sort, that is those wherein one Worm only is containd, the Sum of Is. Sterl. is to be paid for every pound of 16 Ounces; And as 10 or 11 pounds of these Cocoons will make one pound of Silk, the Sum of 3s. Sterl. must be paid to the Winder of it.

For the Cocoons, which produce the second Sort. Is. Sterl. is to be paid for every pound of 16 Ounces, and 2s. Sterl. to the Winder of every pound of such Silk.

For the Cocoons, which produce the worst Sort, that is, those wherein two or three Worms have intermixd, four pence Sterling for every pound of 16 Ounces, and Is. Sterl. to the Winder.

By the foregoing Prices and Regulations the Persons, who wind off the Silk, or their Families will have sufficient Encouragement to raise what Cocoons they can themselves; And those who raise the Cocoons will be encouragd likewise to employ their Female Children in learning to wind; And yet those, who can do only one of the two will have an ample Profit from their Labour.

When any Cocoons are brought to be paid for, the young Women who are Winders, at least two of them, must attend, in Order to examine the Cocoons, and deliver their Opinion to you of what Sort they are, that you may determine what the Owners of them are to be paid; The Cocoons must be purchasd and deliverd to the Winders in time or else they will prove useless, unless for Seed.

I shall by this Conveyance, repeat the Trustees Directions to the President and Assistants, that the Saltzburghers are to have full Liberty of winding off all their own Silk at Ebenezer.

As in your Letter to the President and Assistants of October the 8th., you seemd to be under some Difficulty about the Directions of the Trustees, That 20 Sterl. p Ann. should be paid to Mr. [John Ludwig] Meyer, as Agent for the Saltzburghers, upon your certifying his Services and Expences. The Trustees did not mean by this, that every trifling Service, or minute Expence should be certified, but only his doing the Duty in general of such Agent.

The Trustees are truly sensible how advantageous it would be to your Settlement, and the Colony in general, to have a Lumber Trade opend. And they do not at present see any Objection to your having a proper Place; for a Wharf to be built (by your People as you propose) under the Banks of Savannah, to lodge and pile up the Boards, Plank &c. which may be waited down, in Order to be ready for Shipping. The Trustees will send their Orders, by this Opportunity to the President and Assistants to assign you the most convenient Place they can for a Wharf.

They are much pleasd with the Account you give in your Journal of September last, of the Crops of Corn, Pease, Potatoes, Rice &c raisd by your People; And particularly with your Method of planting your Mulberry Trees, with Pompions and other Things between them. As you mentiond in your Journal; a Want of proper Books to instruct your People in the Method of planting and pruning the Mulberry and other Trees; Instructions are prepard by a very ingenious Man, well versd in the Art of Gardening, and inclosd with this will be sent to you, so that I hope you will want no Knowledge necessary for cultivating the Mulberry Trees; And I am sure you want no Advice to encourage your People to be industrious in planting them.


Harman Verelst to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, March 25, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 327, concerning silk from Ebenezer, and packages sent. By the Fortrose, Capt. Mackenzie.

Sir

By a Letter from Mr. Harris by Captn. Hooper, dated at Charles Town in South Carolina 25 November last,33 I recd a Bill of Lading for the other Box of Raw Silk from Ebenezer by the Two Sisters Captain Bogg, which Ship I hope soon to hear of.

I have sent to Mr. [William] Hopton to be forwarded to Savannah, and from thence to you at Ebenezer, 3 Covered Boxes markd H.P.B., BE, & EL on board the Fortrose Captn. James Mackenzie, which I hope will come safe to hand.


Harman Verelst to William Stephens, March 25, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 328, telling of parcels shipped for the Salzburgers. By the Fortrose, Capt. Mackenzie.

Sir

By Bill of Lading dated the 23d instant I have consignd to Mr. William Hopton at Charles Town in South Carolina, Three coverd Boxes markd H.P.B., BE, and EL, which are to be forwarded to you, and by you to the Revd. Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius at Ebenezer; They being sent from Germany for the Saltzburghers to his Care, and at his Disposal; The Freight of them has been paid by the Trustees here. You are therefore to forward the said Parcels accordingly, with the Letter inclosed.

[P.S.] The said Parcels are shippd on board the Fortrose Captain James Mackenzie.


Benjamin Martyn to the President and Assistants in Ga., May 19, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 328-329, concerning allowing Negroes in Ga. By the Charming Judith, Capt. Taite.

Sir and Gentlemen

I have laid before the Trustess your Letter of the 4th. of May 1748, wherein you mention Abundance of People having applied to you for Grants of Land in Georgia, and Numbers of Negroes being introducd into the Province, and you give your Reasons, why you hope the Trustees might be inducd to permit them under Restrictions. I have acquainted the Trustees likewise with the Letter I wrote to you dated the 26th. of August 1748,34 in Answer to yours, and wherein I desired you would on Consultation with the principal People of the Province, send over what you thought might be usefull Regulations, in Case the Trustees should think proper to apply for the Repeal of the Act against Negroes. I have laid before them also the Representation in Consequence of my Letter, which is dated the 10th. of January 1748/9 which has the Town Seal affixd to it, and is signd by yourSelves and several other Inhabitants of the Province.

The Trustees could not but resent any Persons violating in so open a manner, a Law evidently made for the Security of the Province, especially as, from a constant Experience of the Trustees Attention to procure them all the Good in their Power, the People might hope for every thing being granted to their Petitions, which could be with Safety. But whatever the Resentment of the Trustees might be, They have come to a Resolution, to petition His Majesty, that the Law against Negroes may be repeald; And to pray, that an Act may be ratified for permitting them in the Province of Georgia, under such Restrictions and Regulations, as will be maturely considerd in His Majestys Privy Council, the Performance of which will most certainly be insisted on; And as they will be calculated chiefly for the Peoples Interest, a Sense of this, as well as Duty to His Majesty must undoubtedly enforce Observance of them.

There is One thing I ought here to apprise you of. vizt. That as it is the general Desire of the Nation to have the raising of Silk carried to the greatest Length and Perfection possible in Georgia, as being what is most wanted in England, and does not interfere with the Products of other Colonies, the Trustees do expect, that in the Act, to be prepared by the Council, Clauses will be inserted; which may provide and secure, that the Culture of Silk will not be prejudicd by the Introduction of Negroes, but rather promoted by it.


Benjamin Martyn to William Russell, May 19, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 329, informing him of his nomination for Naval Officer in Ga. By the Charming Judith, Capt. Taite.

Sir

I have laid before the Trustees your Letter to me dated December 31st. 1748; And They have come to a Resolution to recommend you to the Commissioners of the Customs for the Place of Naval Officer in the Province of Georgia. When you are appointed by them Ill give you Notice.


Benjamin Martyn to Richard Nevil Adlworth, May 29, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 330, concerning German protestants in England.

Sir

Several German Protestants have this Morning applied to the Trustees, and all edgd, that they have been prevaild on by one Mr. Riemensperger to leave their Habitations in Germany, and come over at their own Expence to England, in order to go & settle in South Carolina; and They not being provided for, as they expected, by him, and being left in great Distress, have petitioned the Trustees for Relief, and that they be sent over to Georgia. The Trustees have taken their Case into Consideration, and, least they should be left to starve, or should become burthensome here, and as they are proper Persons to be sent, the Trustees had agreed to send over fifty of them; But finding they were but seventy, and some of them Children, they have resolved to send over the whole Number, which are as many as their present Circumstances will enable them.

The Trustees hear likewise there are great Numbers coming from Germany, probably, upon the same Invitation, which, as it has happend to come to their Knowledge. They think it a matter of Respect to his Grace the Duke of Bedford, not to lose any time in communicating.


Benjamin Martyn to the Rev. Samuel Urlsperger at Augsburgh, March 23, 1748/9 0. S., Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 330-332, concerning publication of Martyns letter on Ga. defense, and silk raising.

Sir

Upon the Establishment of Peace in Europe it was thought necessary by the Government here to make a Reduction of part of the Army; upon this Occasion the Georgia Trustees, to manifest their Care of the People in that Colony, directed me to write a Letter to Mr. [John] Potter, Secretary to the Duke of Bedford, Principal Secretary of State, and represent the State of the Colony, as a Frontier, that some Forces might be left in it for its Security. Among other Things then represented, it was natural to take Notice of the Saltzburghers, and other Foreign Protestants, that they might not be left exposed to the Spaniards, who, as Papists, must be their irreconcileable Enemies. A due Attention, Sir was shewn to this Letter; The Trustees were assurd, the Colony would be sufficiently protected, and a constant Regard would be had to the Safety and Welfare of the Saltzburghers, and the other Inhabitants of it, and Orders were immediately given for a sufficient Number of Soldiers to be stationd in proper Places of the Colony, to maintain the Possession of it. By some Accident the Letter which I wrote to Mr. Potter stole abroad, and was publishd in the Utrecht and Hague Gazettes of the 27th. of January last N.S.; But no Notice was taken at the same time of the Measures of his Majesty, our King, orderd to be taken in Consequence of the said Letter. The printing this has justly given Offence to the Government, and the greatest Concern to the Trustees, lest ill grounded apprehensions and Fears might be raisd and spread in Germany, and other Parts of Europe, for the Saltzburghers, who are already happily settled there; and which must naturally tend to frighten other Protestants, who might be inclined to seek an Asylum there. To prevent the ill Consequences of this, as far as they are able, the Trustees have directed me to acquaint you with the foregoing Passages, and to send you part of another Letter, which I wrote to Mr. Potter, in Answer to a Letter from him, written by Order of the Duke of Bedford, being assurd you, and Monsr. [Chretien] de Munch will make the proper Use of it, to expel the Poison the other Letter may have spread.

Before the publishing my Letter in the Gazettes, I wrote to Mr. [John] Bolzius, and acquainted him with the Measures taken for the Protection of the Colony, and assurd him that he and the Saltzburghers could have nothing to apprehend, and that their Welfare would be a constant and great Object of the Care of the Trustees. I have the pleasure of informing you, that they go on very successfully in the Silk, and this must soon turn out greatly to the Advantage of their Settlement. This Produce will find Employment for any Numbers who may go from Germany to Ebenezer, that is, during the Season of feeding the Worms; and winding the Silk and it will yield Profits for an ample Support for such Numbers, tho they have other Means of raising this. The Trustees have been taking such Steps for the Encouragement of the Saltzburghers in the Culture of Silk, not only by giving Rewards to those who have already learnt the Art of winding it, but to such also who may hereafter require it, and by giving them Money for the Silk immediately on producing it, that they have no doubt, but their Application and Industry will be quickend and strengthened hereby.


Benjamin Martyn to the Rev. Samuel Urlsperger at Augsburgh, June 5, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 332, telling him of German servants being sent to the Salzburgers.

Sir

I hope you received my Letter dated the 23d. of March last which I wrote to acquaint you with some Particulars relating to the Colony of Georgia.

As the Saltzburghers there have from time to time been complaining of the want of Servants, and have applied to you as well as the Trustees, upon this account. I have the pleasure of acquainting you, that an Opportunity has just Offerd of supplying them with some. Seventy Persons, all Protestants from Saltzburgh and Wirtenburgh, were lately brought to England by one Mr. Reimensperger, in Order to be carried to South Carolina, but on their Coming here, they found themselves deceivd in his Promises, and their Expectations; Upon which, to relieve them in their Distress, the Trustees resolvd to send them over as Servants for four Years, to subsist them till their Embarkation, and give them their Passage to Georgia. This Number is the utmost their present Circumstances will enable them to send, which they think proper, to acquaint you and Monsr. [Chretien] de Munch with, that, if it should come to your knowledge that any other German Protestants may think of coming with Expectations of being provided for in the same manner they may not be disappointed.

But if any are desirous of joining their Countrymen in Georgia, and can themselves defray the whole Expence of their Passage thither, the Trustees will on proper notice given them, order Lands to be laid out for them adjoining to Ebenezer, and in the same Proportions the Saltzburghers there have; Which is all they are to do.

Youll please to communicate this to Monsr. [Chretien] de Munch.


Benjamin Martyn to Thomas Smith, Deputy Auditor, June 22, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 333, concerning records for quit rents.

Sir

I have recd your Letter of the 2d. instant,35 in which you say, you are directed by the Rt. Honble. Horatio Walpole Esqr. Auditor and Surveyor General of all His Majestys Plantations in America, to apply again, to know whether any more Lands have been granted by the Trustees, than what were containd in the Extract of Memorials of Grants exhibited by the Trustees, and whether any, or what Part of the Quit Rents have ever been paid upon any of the Grants hitherto made, or to whom, for his Majestys Use, according to his Letters Patent, that they might be duly accounted for, audited, and passd. I did acquaint you Sir, on the 22d. of December 1747, by Order of the Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia, that they had sent a Letter to their President in Georgia dated 19th. August 1745, relating to the Commencement of Quit Rents there, and requiring a Return to be made, proper for ascertaining the said Quit Rents on each particular Grant; That a Return had been made on March 1747, but not being satisfactory to the Trustees, They had thought proper to renew their Orders to their Officers in Georgia, that another more compleat might be transmitted to them by the first Opportunity.

I am now Sir, to acquaint you further, by Order of the Trustees, that They have received a Letter from the President and Assistants in Georgia dated November 5th. 1748, in which they say, That soon after the Receipt of the Trustees Orders, relating to the Grants and Possessors of Land, that Affair was taken in hand by them, but the remote Parts of the Colony being under great Confusion, occasiond by the frequent Exchanges and Alienations, obligd them to go back to the earliest Date of the Colony, which had taken up a considerable length of Time, and must necessarily yet more, but nothing should be wanting in them to compleat and perfect the same with the utmost Expedition.

The Trustees have recd another Letter dated February 22d 1748/9 to the same Purpose, and I am now repeating their Directions, that the Return may be as soon as conveniently can be.


Benjamin Martyn to William Wood, Sec. to the Customs Commissioners, June 22, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 334, recommending William Russell as Naval Officer for Ga.

Sir

The Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia desire you will acquaint the Honble. the Commissioners of His Majestys Customs, that They recommend Mr. Wm. Russel of Savanah in Georgia for Naval Officer in that Province. They desire to know what Security is proper to be taken in his Majestys Name, in the Town Court of Savanah, for his due Performance of the said Office a proper Assestation of which They will direct to be transmitted to England in Order to be lodgd at the proper Office in the Custom House.


Benjamin Martyn to the President and Assistants in Ga., July 7, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 334-338, concerning silk production, sola bills sent, salary and land and allowances for the Rev. Bartholomew Zouberbuhler, Yamacraw Indian lands, Nicholas Rigby and William Russell appointments, German servants to arrive, list of grants and possessors of lands needed, growth of mulberry trees, weaving at Vernonburgh and Acton to be discouraged, account of population desired, provisions for soldiers stationed in Ga., millwright to Ga., utility of Trustees cowpen, method of answering Trustees letters. By the Charles Town Galley, Capt. Peter Bogg.

Sir and Gentlemen

I acquainted you in my Letter dated March 11th. 1749 in what Proportions the Trustees had resolvd the People should be paid for the Silk produced by them, and for the Cocoons likewise; and that for their Encouragement to apply themselves with Spirit to the Culture of it, they should be paid upon the Spot upon producing the Silk, or the Cocoons. The Trustees direct this to be done to those, who bring these to Savannah, and for the Ease of the Saltzburghers, that they may wind off theirs at their own Settlement, Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius must be supplied by you with sufficient Sums in Sola Bills from time to time for the Payment of their Silk and Cocoons, the proper Vouchers for the Silk raised by them he is to produce to you, that it may come properly attested to the Trustees to be the Growth of Georgia; Which Caution must be observed likewise with all others.

You will receive by this Conveyance 1000 in Sola Bills filld up to you Sir, Mr. [Henry] Parker, Mr. [William] Spencer and Mr. [James] Habersham.

As the Trustees have a good Opinion of Mr. [Bartholomew] Zouberbuhler, as you have acquainted them he discharges his Duty in a proper manner, and as he is agreable to the People in general; They have resolvd to give him the Sum of 50 p Ann. besides the 50 p Ann. which the Society for propagating the Gospel are to pay him. They have resolvd likewise to allow him two Servants; And They direct you to get the Parsonage House repaird, and made convenient for him; Or else, as he has suggested, that it would be more convenient for him, if the House should be rebuilt, and on Allowance of 100 to him he will undertake this himself; The Trustees agree that this Sum should be paid to him at proper times, as he shall have Occasion for it in the Progress of building his House, provided it shall appear to you that the Work is performd in such manner, as to make it strong and lasting for those who may succeed him. The Glass for the Windows for his House are bought by the Trustees as part of the said 100 and amounts to 10.9.6.

It appearing to the Trustees that the Glebe Land is laid out in improper Places, and in different Parcels at such a distance from each other as must make it very difficult, if not impracticable to be cultivated by the Minister, with the Servants allowd him; And as the Glebe should be near his Residence, and there may not be a sufficient Quantity for it near Savanah, except that which was formerly inhabited by the Yamacraw Indians lying near to the River Savanah; The Trustees direct you to enquire if any of the Yamacraws are in being, and whether, if there are, They have abandond that Tract of Land, or if they may be inclind to surrender it to the Trust, with which you must acquaint the Trustees by the first Opportunity. It must be observd, that it cannot be given up to any private Person, and any pretended Agreements or Contracts, made with the Indians, for that Purpose, are ipso facto void; You must therefore enquire if any Attempts have been made to persuade the Indians to come into any such Contracts, and of what kind these are.

The Trustees have resolvd to grant to Mr. Zouberbuhler 500d Acres of Land; And also to his two Brothers Mr. Sebastian Zouberbuhler of New England, and Mr. Melchior Liekenstaiger of South Carolina, a Grant of 500 Acres each, as near adjoining to his as possible, if it shall appear to you that they have Abilities to cultivate the same.

The Trustees have appointed Mr. Nicholas Rigby your Clerk, Secretary for the Indian Affairs; and They have recommended Mr. Wm. Russel to be appointed Naval Officer in Georgia.

A Body of Germans, 63 in Number, are embarkd on board the Charles Town Galley (Peter Bogg Master) for Georgia, and are to be sent to Ebenezer to be indented Servants to the Saltzburghers. They are to have Lands in the most convenient Places allotted for them, and as they are to serve for four Years, it must be settled with their Masters, at the time of entering into their Service, whether they are to be allowd, during this, one day in the Week to work on their own Lands, or whether they shall have as much time, as so many days would amount to, deducted all together towards the End of their Service.

With these, 19 more are embarkd, in Order to settle among the Salzburghers; They go at their own Expence; And Each Male of them of 21 Years of Age is to have 50 Acres of Land set out for him at Ebenezer. Those of the Servants, who shall pay to you the Sum of 6. Sterling, the Expence of their Passage, within three Months, must be declared free, and have Lands immediately given them.

Your Letter Sir, dated Febry. 22d 1748/9 to Mr. Verelst, with the Proceedings of the President and Assistants from November 3d. exclusive to the 19th. of Janry 1748/9 inclusive, and your Journal from November 17th. 1748 to the 22d. of Febry 1748/9, both inclusive, are just arrivd. In your Letter you say You should have been glad to have been more particular relating to the Grants and Possessors of Lands &c than you are able; Whereof You and the Assistants in your Letter to the Secretary of the 5th. of November last wrote fully, and to which Letter you beg Leave to refer him. The Letter you refer to runs thus Your Letter of the 10th. of March relates wholly to the Grants and Possessors of Lands; Soon after the Receipt of the same, that Affair was taken in hand by the Board, but being a Matter of great Consequence, and the remote Parts of the Colony particularly the South, being under great Confusion, occasiond by the frequent Exchanges and Alienations, obliges us to go back to the earliest Date of the Colony, which has taken up a considerable Length of Time, and must necessarily yet more, but nothing shall be wanting in us to compleat and perfect the same with the utmost Expedition, and we hope agreeable to the Trustees Intention.

I am now directed to acquaint you, that the Trustees expect you should carry their Orders with regard to the Grants & Possessors of Land into Execution, with all the Expedition you conveniently can; For the Auditor of the Plantations is very impatient for the Account of the Grants, and the Commencement of the Quit Rents thereon.

The Trustees are concernd to find Sir by your Letter of Febry. the 22d. that the Culture of the Silk continues still in a languid State, and that you say the Original Cause still remains without Remedy. vizt. A Neglect of raising Mulberry Trees sufficient. They cannot but think a Remedy might have been applied before this time for as it is an express Condition in all the Grants of Land, that 1000 Mulberry Trees shall be planted and kept up on every 100 Acres of Land, you and the Assistants had it in your Power to see this Condition performd, or to have taken the Forfeiture; and the Trustees expect you to exact that Care, which, you say your Selves, has been wanting for the Preservation of the Young Trees, by fencing them in, or planting them in Places that are fencd, that they may not be injurd or destroyd by the Cattle. These Conditions must be inserted in all the Grants, for the Trustees will not ratify any Grants made by you, but upon those express Terms, which you must see are performd, or otherwise acquaint the Trustees, that the Forfeitures may be taken.

You say Sir likewise in your Letter, that the People of Vernonburgh and Acton are giving visible Appearances of reviving their Industry, that they are propagating large Quantities of Flax and Cotton, and are provided with Weavers who have already wove several large Pieces of Cloth, of an usefull Sort where of they sold divers, and some they made use of in their own Families. The Account of their Industry is highly satisfactory to the Trustees; But as to manufacturing the Produces they raise, they must expect no Encouragement from the Trustees; for setting up Manufactures, which may interfere with those in England, might occasion Complaints here; For which Reason you must, as they will, always discountenance them; and it will be necessary for you to direct the Industry of those People into a Way, which might be more beneficial to themselves, and would prove satisfactory to the Trustees, and the Publick, that is, to shew them what Advantages they will reap from the Produce of Silk, which they will receive immediately Payment for; And that this will not interfere with, or prevent their raising Flax or Cotton, or any other Produces for Exportation unmanufacturd

It appearing by your Proceedings lately, that many & large Tracts of Land have been made to new Settlers, the Number of People in the Province must be greatly increasd; It is of Consequence that the Trustees should be enabled to shew this Increase. They expect therefore that you will without Loss of Time procure the most exact Accounts you can of the Number of People in the different Parts of the Province, and transmit them by the first Opportunity. And They hope they shall receive these accounts before the next Session of Parliament; In these you will particularly note, what Number of Negroes have been introducd into the Province.

The Parliament have granted the Sum of 304.3.4 for certain Allowances in Provisions to the Detachments to be stationd in Georgia, besides their Pay. Mr. James Habersham is authorized by the Trustees to supply them with the said Provisions as follows (being the Plan on which Mr. Revel furnishd the Regiment). He is to take Receipts from the Commanding Officer, whether Commissiond or Non Commissiond, for the Quantities deliverd to him, by the said Officer distributed as undermentioned. vizt.

For seven days to each Person two pounds and one third of Bread or Flour, and not less than one Moiety of the latter, two pounds and one third of Beef, one Pint of Pease, two Ounces of Butter, and a Quarter of a Pint of Rice.

For the accommodating the said Detachments, & relieving them from time to time, the King will order a Boat with a Coxswain and ten Men, which Boat is appointed to be under the Trustees Direction.

In the former Part of this Letter I acquainted you that the 19 Germans who go at their own Expence, were to have Lands set out for them near Ebenezer; This is in Case they desire it there, but if they chuse to have it at Vernonburgh and Acton, Lands must be set out for them there, according to their Desire. A Millwright likewise goes by this Ship and pays his own Expence; He must have fifty Acres set out for him.

The Trustees observe that I wrote to you so long ago as May 10th. 1743 and likewise March 10th. and July 18th. 1746 to let you know that they wanted to be acquainted, what Use the Cowpen was of and whether it was necessary for them to be at such an Expence for it, and likewise what the Increase of Cattle there was, and what Returns the Cowpenkeeper made of them from time to time. But no particular answers have been made to them and as the wild cattle are much complaind of as being very troublesome and pernicious to many of the Planters, you must take into Consideration the proper methods of putting an End to this Evil, and acquaint the Trustees with them.

On this Occasion the Trustees order me to say They expect that all the Letters I write to you, should be answerd Paragraph by Paragraph.

P.S. A Copy of Mr. Millers Instructions about planting the Mulberry Trees will be inclosd with this.


Banjamin Martyn to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, July 7, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 339, concerning German servants arriving. By the Charles Town Galley, Capt. Bogg.

Sir

The Trustees have at last an Opportunity of gratifying you in what you have wishd for the Salzburghers. vizt. Some Servants from Germany, and they readily laid hold of it as soon as offerd. These are Men, Women and Children, sixty three, and as they seem a well disposd People, the Trustees have no doubt but theyll prove usefull likewise, and will meet with a kind Reception from their Masters and others. They are to have Lands allotted for them in the most convenient Places, and as they are to serve for four Years, it must be settled with their Masters, at the time of entering into their Service (to prevent all Disputes afterwards) whether they are to be allowd, during their Service, one day in the Week to work on their own Lands, or whether they shall have as much time, as so many days would amount to, deducted all together at the End of their Service.

The Trustees however have resolved, that in Case any of the said Servants shall within the Space of three Months from their Arrival in Georgia pay, or cause to be paid into the hands of the President and Assistants, the Sum of 6 Sterl. (the Expence the Trustees are at for their Passage) such Person or Persons so paying the same shall be declard to be free, and shall, each Man of 21 Years of Age, be immediately put in possession of 50 Acres of Land. The Trustees have likewise resolved that every married Couple shall serve together, and that no Girl under ten years of Age, or Boy under twelve, shall be seperated from their Parents.

I have acquainted Messrs. Urlsperger and Von Munch, with the sending over these Servants to you.

I shall by this Conveyance send to the President and Assistants the several Regulations on which the Trustees intend to form the Act for permitting Negroes in the Colony; And you will see a Regard has been had to those Points, which you wrote about to Mr. [Friedrich Michael] Zeigenhagen.


Benjamin Martyn to the President and Assistants in Ga., July 7, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 340-342, giving proposed regulations for Negro slaves in Ga. By the Charles Town Galley, Capt. Bogg.

Sir and Gentlemen

I acquainted you in my Letter dated May 19th. last, that the Trustees had resolvd to petition his Majesty that, the Act for rendering the Colony of Georgia more defencible by prohibiting the Importation and Use of black Slaves or Negroes into the same might be repeald and to prepare a Law by which Negroes may be admitted under several Restrictions and Regulations. They have this now under their Consideration, and as you took into Consultation with you upon this Affair several of the principal People of the Colony when you proposd the Regulations which occurd to you, you must assemble such again, that they may see the Regulations, upon which the Trustees think proper to form the Act, which do not differ widely from those which you transmitted; but there are some additional Ones, which the Trustees look on as absolutely necessary.

In the first place, They can never lose Sight of the Colony being a Frontier, of the Danger which must attend too great a Disproportion of Blacks and white Men, and the Facility with which the Negroes may make their Escape from Georgia to Augustine, if not sufficiently guarded; They have resolvd therefore, that every Man, who shall have four Male Negroes above the Age of 14, shall be obliged to have and constantly keep one indented white Male Servant aged between 20 & 55. If he shall have eight Male Negroes, he shall constantly keep two indented white Male Servants of the aforesaid Age, and for every four Negroes upwards he shall keep on additional white Male Servant of the aforesaid Age, his Sons not to be reckond among such white Servants. If any Person, having such Numbers of Negroes as aforesaid, shall refuse or neglect to provide such Male Servants in proportion within twelve Calendar Months, he shall forfeit for every Negro above the Number for which he has white Male Servants so aged, the Sum of 10 Sterl., and the further Sum of 5 Sterl. each Month after, during which he retains such Negro.

No artificer shall be sufferd to take any Negro as an Apprentice, nor shall any Planter lend or let out a Negro or Negros to another Planter, to be employd otherwise than in manuring and cultivating the Plantations in the Country.

Proprietors of Negroes shall not be permitted to exercise an unlimited Power over them.

All Negroes, imported into or born in the Province of Georgia shall be registerd; And no Sale of Negroes from one Man to another shall be valid, unless registerd. Inquisitions shall be made once in every Year, or oftener if need be, into the Registers by Juries in the several Districts, who shall immediately afterwards make their Reports to the Magistrates.

As other Provinces have greatly sufferd by permitting Ships with Negroes to send them on shore, when ill of contagious Distempers (as particularly South Carolina has often by the yellow Fever) proper Places must be appointed for such Ships as bring Negroes to Georgia, to cast Anchor at, in Order to their being visited, and to perform such Ouarentain as shall be orderd by the President and Assistants; And no Ships must be sufferd to come nearer than those Places, before they are visited by proper Officers, and a Certificate of Health is obtaind. And in Case of any contagious Distempers on board, proper Places must be appointed at a Distance from the Towns for Lazarettos, where the whole Crew of the Ship and the Negroes may be lodgd and supplied with Refreshments, and assisted towards their Recovery. You must acquaint the Trustees by the first Opportunity, with the Names and Descriptions of the proper Places for the Ships to stop at, & likewise where to perform a Quarentain if there are contagious Distempers on board, that those Places may be specified in the Act.

No Master shall oblige or even suffer his Negro or Negroes to work on the Lords Day, but he shall permit or oblige them to attend at some time in that Day for Instruction in the Christian Religion which the Protestant Ministers of the Gospel must be obligd to give them. The Minister or Ministers shall on all Occasions inculcate in the Negroes the natural Obligations to a married State, where there are Female Slaves cohabiting with them; And an absolute Forbearance of blaspheming the Name of God by prophane Cursing or Swearing. No Inter Marriages between white People and Negroes shall be deemd lawful Marriages; And if any white Man shall be convicted of lying with a Female Negro, or any white Woman of lying with a Male Negro He or She shall on such Conviction be, and the Negro shall receive a Corporal Punishment.

As the Culture of Silk is the great Object of the Trustees, and they are determind to make it, as far as lies in their Power, the Object of all the People in Georgia, by never ratifying any Grants in which the Conditions for planting, fencing, and keeping up the proper Number of Mulberry Trees are not inserted, and by insisting on the forfeiture of all Grants, where those Conditions are not performd, They have resolvd, that every Man, who shall have four Male Negroes, shall be obligd to have, for every such four, one Female Negro instructed in the Art of winding Silk. The Conditions, as mentiond in my other Letter are, that 1000 Mulberry Trees shall be planted on every 100 Acres, the same proportion to be observd in less Grants; And that, for the Preservation of the Trees against Cattle, the Planter shall fence in his Mulberry Trees, or plant them in places already fencd.

As there are several publick Works which are absolutely necessary, such as maintaining the Lighthouse, providing for the Pilot and Pilot Boat, the Repairs of the Church, the Wharf, and the Prison and building Lazarettos; And other publick Services, such as the Support of the Minister when other Supports shall fail, and several Officers of Civil Government as Constables, Tythingmen &c. And as some Funds will be requisite for these, the Trustees think nothing can be more reasonable than a Duty upon Negroes at Importation, and an annual Tax p Head upon the Possession of them, which Tax and Duty must be paid for the Use of the Trust into the hands of proper Persons appointed by the Trustees; It will therefore be requisite for you in your Consultation, to consider what Duty and Tax may in your Opinion be proper for the aforesaid Services, and other necessary publick Uses of the Colony, and transmit your Opinion hereon, under the Seal as before, by the first Opportunity.


Harman Verelst to Thomas Lee, July 6, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 342, telling him that an anvil is sent for him.

Mr. Lee.

Your Letter to Mr. Tomkins being brought to the Trustees representing you had paid the 4 for the Smiths Bellows the Trustees sent you, and that you wanted a large Anvill in Georgia; They have therefore, to encourage your Industry, sent You one by this Conveyance weighing 2 cwt.:2:9 which at 5d. a pound came to 6:1:-. And the President and Assistants are directed to credit you therewith until you repay the same for the Trustees Use in Georgia, in Work or Service.


Harman Verelst to James Habersham, July 6, 1749, Westminster, C.O.5/668, pp. 343-344, giving him instructions about provisions for troops to be stationed in Ga., and sola bills sent. By the Charles Town Galley, Capt. Bogg.

Sir

His Majesty having orderd Detachments from the three Independent Companies formd out of Genl. Oglethorpes Regiment, to do Duty in several Parts of Georgia, to preserve the Possession thereof; The Trustees were desird to furnish the said Detachments with certain Allowances of Provisions (over and above the Pay they receive from the Government) upon the Plan which Mr. Revell the Contractor furnished the late Regiment in Georgia; And that was to each Person for seven Days. Two pounds and one third of Bread or Flour and not less than one Moiety of the latter, two pounds and one third of Beef, one pint of Pease, two Ounces of Butter, and a Quarter of a Pint of Rice.

The Trustees therefore desire your supplying the said Provisions, and to receive Payment of the President and Assistants on the following Vouchers you are to deliver for the same; And I consulted Mr. Revell thereon, who advises the Bread to be baked in Georgia, and the Beef to be bought fresh there all the Year if it can; He says the Flour may be had from New York or Pensilvania and the Butter from New York.

You will consult the Commander of each Party of the said Detachmts. whether Commissiond or Non Commissiond Officer, as to the Quantities of each kind proper to be deliverd at a time; And you are to take his Receipt for the Quantities and kinds delivered by you, which he must acknowledge to have so received to make a regular Distribution thereof to the Individuals, specifying the Number under his Command, and that they were received for himself and them; On which Receipts you must compute the Valuation due to you thereon, which will intitle you to Payments for the same, and to the Vouchers to discharge this Service. And as the said Parties will naturally be glad of an Opportunity of laying out part of their Pay in making up the said Allowances of Provisions to the Quantities and kinds of Provisions they shall want, you will have an Opportunity of furnishing such of them at the same time as may require it.

A Boat is to be orderd by His Majesty, to be under the Trustees Directions to be mannd with a Coxswain and ten Men for relieving the Detachments in Georgia, and carrying the Provisions to them; But whether that Order will go by this or the next Conveyance is yet uncertain.

The Trustees have put your Name in to be one of the Issues of their Sola Bills, and 1,000 is sent by this Conveyance to clear off such Expences the Trustees had orderd on their reduced Estimate to Lady Day last, and upon Accot. of the said Estimate from that time, as well as the subsisting disbanded Soldiers and their Families for a Year who shall remain and settle on Lands in Georgia, and for the said Allowance of Provisions to the beforementioned Detachments doing Duty in Georgia, and 600 more for the same Services will be sent by the Apollo, the new Ship which Captn. Nickleson lately purchased, which will sail the latter End of this Month.


Harman Verelst to William Russell, July 6, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 344, telling of his recommendation to be Naval Officer in Ga.

Sir

The Recommendations of you to the Trustees, and your good Behaviour, have engaged their recommending you to the Commissioners of the Customs for the Office of Naval Officer in Georgia; And as soon as the Constitution and Instructions are got, which I sollicit for the same shall be forwarded to you.


Harman Verelst to Nicholas Rigby, July 6, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 344, telling of his appointment as Secretary of Indian Affairs in Ga.

Sir

Your Application for Secretary for the Indian Affairs, in which Office you represent to have acted without an Appointment from the Trustees, having been considerd. An Appointment of you to that Office is sent over by this Conveyance to the President and Assistants to deliver you.


Harman Verelst to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, July 6, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 345, sending medicines and telling that William Russell is appointed Naval Officer for Ga.

Sir

Mr. [John Ludwig] Meyer having sent a List of Medicines for the Saltzburghers at Ebenezer the Trustees orderd my getting them; They are sent by this Conveyance in a Chest directed Medicines for Ebenezer, which Chest will be sent to you. The Secretary having wrote fully about the Germans sent over by this Ship, I refer you to his Letter.

Your Recommendation of Wm. Russell to be Naval Officer has taken Place.

[P.S.] Since the above written I have recd an Accot. that the following Particulars of the Medicines Mr. Meyer wanted, are not kept by the Company at Apothecarys Hall, and therefore not sent. vizt.

lb 1 Couch. Marin Cet.

oz 3 Croc. Stahl

161b Extr Panchymag

oz 2 Flor. Oxci sal

oz 2 Gum Kedar

lb 1 Herb Arnic

lb 1 Rad Taraxac

lb 1 Vincetox

lb 1 Sal. Sedlicens

oz 4 Sem Anis Stellat

lb 1 Terr Segell Alb

lb 2 Tart Vitriol ex Ciner Clav. Par.

oz 2 Theriac Calest

Ys. Amar

Pell Polychrest

Troch Ackerin.


Harman Verelst to the President and Assistants in Ga., July 10, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 345-348, concerning Trustee estimates, expenses and accounts in Ga., glass for church and parsonage, anvil and medicines sent, appointments of Nicholas Rigby and William Russell, sola bills sent, and scythes and stones sent. By the Charles Town Galley, Capt. Peter Bogg.

Sir and Gentlemen

With my Letter of the 2d. of January last by the Frances and John Captn. Boyton, you received 100 in Sola Bills towards defraying the Trustees estimated Expences in Georgia to Christmas 1748; But the half Years account of Expences, which the Trustees received the 2d. of December 1748, amounted to 805.11.4 besides the Payments to Carpenters and others employed in finishing the Church; Which half Years Expence exceeding the Estimate the Trustees sent you the 18th. of March 1746/7 to take Place on its Arrival, occasiond an Arrear of Demands.

When the next half Years Account arrives, it will be then seen how the said reduced Estimate has operated.

The Parliament having granted a Supply for the further Improvement of the Colony, the subsisting disbanded Soldiers and their Families for a Year, who shall remain and settle on Lands in Georgia, and for an Allowance in Provisions (besides their Pay from the Government) to the Detachments of the three Independent Companies from South Carolina, who are to do Duty in Georgia to preserve the Possession thereof. The Trustees have by this Conveyance sent over 1,000 in their Sola Bills, consisting of five Books containing 500 of 1 each, Letter A No. 13001 to 13500, and of one Book containing 100 of 5 each Letter C No. 1951 to 2050, to clear off such Expences as they orderd to Lady Day last, and upon Account of the above mentioned Services from that time; Which Bills are filld up to Wm. Stephens Esqr. Henry Parker, Wm. Spencer and Jas. Habersham or any two of them to issue under your Direction, to whose Care the said Bills are committed.

And in Order to remind you of the Estimate the Trustees sent you the 18th. of March 1746/7, amounting to 1211.13.4 for a year (besides the 5 a Year to Tythingmen where ten Families or upwards were in their Tythings, and no more Tythingmen were to be employed than in such Tythings) herewith you receive a Copy of the said Estimate, with this Addition, that 40 a Year having been paid the Clerk of the Accounts in Georgia instead of 30.- that was estimated, the Trustees approve thereof; And they have also added the Article of 50. a Year they have allowed to Mr. [Bartholomew] Zouberbuhler as Missionary besides the 50. a Year he receives from the Incorporated Society, and the Allowance from the Trustees for maintaining and clothing two Servants for him; The Payments of which allowances made by the Trustees, they direct he may puncually receive Quarterly; But They have advanced him the 50 a Year Allowance from them to Christmas next.

The Allowance in Provisions to the Detachments doing Duty in Georgia (besides their Pay from the Government) is on the Plan Mr. Revell the Contractor used to furnish the Regiment with, Mr. [James] Habersham is therefore wrote to, to supply the Quantities and kinds thereof, which are as follow. To each Person for seven days, two pounds and one third of Bread or Flour, and not less than one Moiety of the latter; Two pounds and one third of Beef, one Pint of Pease, two Ounces of Butter, and a quarter of a Pint of Rice; And Mr. Habersham must proportion the Quantities of each kind he is to deliver to each Party for the serving so long a time at each Delivery as the Commander of the Party and he shall agree; Whose Receipt to Mr. Habersham for the same will be his Discharge, mentioning therein that the said Commander undertakes the regular Distribution thereof to the Individuals; and Mr. Habershams Valuations of the Quantities and kinds so delivered with his Receipts thereon for the Money, will be your Discharge for the Payments to him. For which a seperate head of Account must be made in the half Yearly General Accounts you shall send over to the Trustees, with certified Copies of the Vouchers supporting the same.

As to the Years Subsistance to the disbanded Soldiers of the Regiment and their Families, who shall remain and settle on Lands in Georgia; The expence thereof must also be made a separate head of Account, until their Years Subsistance is compleated.

A Boat with a Coxswain and ten Men for relieving the Detachmts. in Georgia, and carrying the Provisions to them, is intended to be ordered, and to be under the Trustees Directions; But whether that Order will go by this, or the next Conveyance, is yet uncertain.

Herewith you receive the Contract made with the Germans, sent over at the Trustees Expence as Servants, making 63 in Number and 55 1/2 Freights their Names who have signd it with those of their Families are indorsed on the back thereof, to prevent Mistakes. The Secretarys Letter furnishes you with the proper Instructions concerning them, but Mr. [Bartholomew] Zouberbuhler is to be supplied with two or three of them whom he shall chuse. He takes his Passage in this Ship and brings over nine Cases of Books containing the Library of the late Dr. Crow, to be added to the Books in Georgia for composing a Publick Library there; And herewith you receive a Catologue of the said Books now sent with Mr. Zouberbuhlars Receipt thereto, to be accountable to the Trustees for them, by which Catalogue a Survey of them may be occasionally made every one or two Years. In the Case No. 9 there are also packd in a Partition therein, 100 Horn Books, 200 Spelling Books, 100 Primers, 50 Psalters, and 50 Testaments, which Mr. Zouberbuhler desird to be sent over for School Books.

Mr. Zouberbuhler desiring that from the Plan of the Church you sent over, the Sizes of the Squares of Crowne Glass, and the Numbers of the different Sizes, for the Sides and End Windows, necessary for the Church, might be computed by the Scale of ten feet to an Inch for two Inches Sashes the said Dimensions are described on a long Stick of Wood Mr. Zouberbuhler brings with him; and the Trustees have sent by this Ship in three Boxes markd G X C No. 1 to 3, Two hundred and eighty Squares, including the spare ones in Case of Accidents for the said Windows, whereof 200 measure 16 1/4 Inches by 13 3/4 for the Side Squares and 80 measure 16 1/4 Inches by 11 3/4 for the End Squares; And they have also purchased for Mr. Zouberbuhler, which are in two other Boxes markd BZ No. 4 & 5, Four hundred Squares of Crowne Glass including spare ones, for the intended House for the Minister at Savannah, for which 10:9:6 has been paid and is part of the 100 Mr. Zouberbuhler applied for to be allowed him to build a Parsonage House with for himself & Successors, which the Secretary has acquainted you of.

Thomas Lee the Blacksmith, to whom the pair of Smiths Bellows was sent over the 11th. of March 1747/8 which he writes he paid you the 4 for, having desird an Anvill to be sent over to him to pay for in Georgia; by this Conveyance you receive one markd GxC weighting 2 cwt.:2:9 which cost 6:1:- And if Thomas Lee is living, the Trustees direct your giving him Credit for the same, and receiving from him in Work or Service the said Cost thereof, charging the same to Account when so received, and taking Credit for the Work or Service to be done by him to that Value; But if he should not be living you are to dispose of the said Anvill for the Trustees Service, to such other Blacksmith as may hereafter want the same.

Mr. [John Ludwig] Meyer of Ebenezer having applied for some Medicines, a Box containing such of them as could be got from the Apothecarys Company, and directed Medicines for Ebenezer is herewith sent to be forwarded to Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius by your Order.

For all which, with the Box of Sola Bills, a Bill of Lading is sent to the President, to demand of the Captain; and a Copy of the Charterparty, signd by the Captain by whom the Germans are sent, is also sent him to shew you, that you may be satisfied of his having fully complied therewith, and acquaint the Trustees thereof.

Nicholas Rigby your Clerk, being appointed Secretary for Indian Affairs, under the Act for regulating the Trade with the Indians, herewith you receive his Constitution; And Wm. Russell is recommended by the Trustees to the Commissioners of the Customs, to be appointed Naval Officer in Georgia; whose Appointment shall be transmitted by the first Opportunity after obtaind.

On the 4th. instant 600 more in Sola Bills were orderd to be made out on Account for the beforementioned Services in Georgia, and will be sent you by the next Opportunity.

Mr. Zouberbuhler having represented that some Scythes & Stones would be of Use to be sent over, the Trustees have sent in a Box, Markd GxC 3 dozen Scythes Stones & 4 large Ragstones, and in a bundle 24 Scythes, which are included in the Bill of Lading.


Benjamin Martyn to the President and Assistants in Ga., July 14, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 349, concerning German servants for them. By the Charles Town Galley, Capt. Bogg.

Sir and Gentlemen

Since my Letter of the 7th. instant, it has been recollected, that you might want such Servants as are allotted to you in the Estimate. In this Case the Trustees think proper for you to take them out of this Body of Germans. But as some of them are Lutherans, and others not, it will be better that yours should be of the last Number, as more proper for Mr. [Bartholomew] Zouberbuhlers Church.


Benjamin Martyn to Patrick Graham, July 14, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 349, acknowledging receipt of letter and journal. By the Charles Town Galley, Capt. Bogg.

Sir

I have recd your Letter and Journal two days ago, and have this day, by the Trustees order, laid the Contents of them before his Grace the Duke of Bedford, Principal Secretary of State.


Benjamin Martyn to Richard Nevil Aldworth, July 14, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 349-350, concerning distribution of Indian presents.

Sir

As His Majesty had been graciously pleasd to direct that the Sum of 3000 Sterl. should be sent annually from hence to be distributed in Presents to the Indians contiguous to, and in Alliance with the Provinces of South Carolina and Georgia; And that the Distribution of these Presents should be made by a Person to be appointed by the Governor Council and Assembly of South Carolina, and by such other Person as should be appointed by the Trustees of Georgia, who were to act jointly for that purpose; The Trustees did, in pursuance of his Majestys Orders, signified to them by his Grace the Duke of Bedford, appoint William Stephens Esqr. President in the Colony of Georgia, to act in the said Distribution; And in Case he could not attend, Mr. Patrick Graham was appointed his Coadjutor. Sir. The Trustees have just received Advice, that Mr. Stephens, upon Receipt of an Invoice of, and Bill of Lading for Presents, sent by the Francis and John Captn. Henry Boyton, which arrivd at South Carolina in April last, did immediately send Mr. Graham to Charles Town, to attend at the Opening of the Chests containing the said Presents, and to pursue the Directions his Grace the Duke of Bedford had been pleasd to send, vizt. That he should act in Conjunction with the other Person, to be appointed by the Governor, Council, and Assembly.

It appears that Mr. Graham thought proper to desire & insist, that a Moiety of the said Presents should be sent to Georgia. The Committee of the Assembly appointed to settle the Affair with him, were of that Opinion. But, after staying there some days, he was informd by the Governor, that He and the Council were of Opinion, that none should be sent to Georgia, or at least a small Part of them. Upon which thinking he could not perform his Duty, he returnd to Georgia.

Sir. The Trustees thought it incumbent on them to state the Fact, as it is transmitted to them, and to desire you will lay it before his Grace the Duke of Bedford; They submit the whole entirely to his Graces Judgments, but They think it their Duty to suggest that one great End of establishing the Colony of Georgia (as appears by the Preamble to the Charter) was to secure South Carolina against the Incursions of the Indians, who had laid that Province waste by Fire and Sword, but have never attackd it since the Establishment of Georgia; And, as Georgia is the Frontier, it might prove of bad Consequence, if those Indians, who lye nearest to the Spanish Indians, or those, who lye nearest to the French, should be disappointed or think themselves slighted; Especially having acted with so much Vigour and Faithfulness during the War, and particularly when the Colony was invaded.

P.S. I have taken the Liberty of sending you a Copy of the Letter I wrote to the Govr. of South Carolina in May 1748 upon this Occasion,; Which the late Mr. [John] Potter saw, and thought was agreable to his Graces Intentions.


Harman Verelst to Richard Nevil Aldworth, Aug. 1, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 351, concerning boat for troops in Ga. and Lt. Col. Alexander Herons Indian accounts.

Sir

Your Letter of the 14th. of last Month was this day laid before the Trustees,36 wrote by the Direction of His Grace the Duke of Bedford, signifying His Majestys Approbation of the Annual Expence of a Boat Coxswain and ten Men for the time to come for the Use of the Detachments of the South Carolina Companies, and to carry the Provisions from Frederica to the usual Stations, which is to be under the Direction of the Trustees of Georgia, and not to exceed 426.7.6.

I am commanded by the said Trustees to desire you will acquaint His Grace; That they are very ready to give their Directions concerning the said Boat; But as they have but one Way of defraying the Expences of the Colony, which is by issuing Bills for which Money is always retained in the Bank to answer them; His Grace will be pleasd on this Occasion to notify His Majestys Pleasure concerning the Expence of this Boat to the Lords Commissioners of His Majestys Treasury, that they may give the proper Directions for issuing the Money necessary for this Service.

And your said Letter having further signified, that the Duke of Bedford had likewise received the Kings Commands, to refer to the Trustees the Letters and Papers from Col. [Alexander] Heron relating to the Indian Account, and the Expence of the Boatmen &c. That They might transmit the same to be inspected and examined by their Agents in Georgia.

The Trustees have thereupon orderd me to acquaint you that all the said Letters and Papers are orderd to be copied and transmitted to their Agent in Georgia with proper Instructions for their proceeding on such Inspection, Examination, and stating the said Account; Which when Certified to them shall be laid before his Grace to receive His Majestys Pleasure thereon.


Harman Verelst to the President and Assistants in Ga., Aug. 9, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 352-353, concerning Indian affairs, account, and approval of funds for boat for troops stationed in Ga. By the Loyal Judith, Capt. Cowie.

Sir and Gentlemen

His Grace the Duke of Bedford, His Majestys Principal Secretary of State, having by His Majestys Commands referred to the Trustees the following Letters and Papers from Lieutenant Colonel [Alexander] Heron, relating to the Indian Account and the Expence of the Boat Men &c.

A Letter to the Duke of Bedford dated 2d. November 1748 with a Schedule containing the whole Expence of the Frontier from June 25th. 1747 to September 25th. 1748, amounting to 2154.15.61/2 with Eighteen Vouchers for supporting 2054.17.81/2 part thereof.

A Copy of a Letter from William Stephens Esqr. to Lieutenant Colonel Heron dated 25th. October 1748 in Answer to the Lieutenant Colonels Letter to him of the 16th. of the same Month.

And a Letter to the Duke of Bedford dated 2d. January 1748. That the Trustees might transmit the same to you, to be inspected, examined and stated what shall appear due from His Majesty thereon; In order that the Duke of Bedford may lay them before the King, when properly certified by you to the Trustees.

For which purpose herewith you receive Copies of the said Letters and Papers and full Instructions from the Trustees for your satisfactory Proceedings therein; To which Instructions you are required strictly to adhere to, it being for His Majestys Service to have this Examination very clear.

The Duke of Bedford has acquainted Lieutenant Colonel Heron thereof by this Conveyance; You will therefore use all possible Dispatch in making a proper Return to the Trustees on this Reference.

The Duke of Bedford having informed the Trustees that His Majesty approved for the time to come of the Annual Expence of Boat Coxswain, and ten Men, to be stationd at Frederica for the Use of the Detachments of the South Carolina Companies, and to carry the Provisions from Frederica to the usual Stations to be under the Direction of the Trustees, provided the Annual Expence attending it did not exceed the Sum of 426.7.6 as particularly specified in the inclosed Estimate. His Grace has thereupon notified His Majestys Pleasure to the Treasury that they might give the proper Directions for issuing the Money necessary for this Service. And his Grace has also signified to Govr. Glen and Lieutenant Col. Heron, his Majestys Approbation of the said Boat, that they might conform themselves to the Trustees Directions therein.

As this Service is approved, the Trustees direct you to inform your Selves if there is any Boat the Kings Property, now in Georgia fit for this Employment, to be stationd at Frederica for the use it is intended; And as Directions are soon expected from the Treasury concerning the Expence thereof, you will by the next Opportunity be acquainted therewith, and how the same is to be defrayed; As also the intended Sola Bills for the Trustees estimated Expences will be then sent.


Estimate of the Expence of a Boat to be stationed at Frederica in Georgia for the Use of the Detachments from the three Independant Companies in South Carolina doing Duty in Georgia to preserve the Possession thereof, and for carrying Provisions allowed to such Detachments.

A Coxswain at 3 a Month, & ten Men at 40s a Month each, for 12 Months is 276.-.-
Provisions for the said 11 at 6d a day each 100.7.6
Repairs of the Boat, Oars, Sails &c 50.-.-
426.7.6
Harman Verelst to Gov. James Glen of S. C., Aug. 10, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 353, concerning boat for troops to be stationed in Ga. By the Loyal Judith, Capt. Cowie.

Sir

His Grace the Duke of Bedford having sent the inclosed to the Trustees Care to forward, and notified to the Treasury His Majestys Pleasure concerning the Expence of the Boat, to be stationd at Frederica for the Use of the Detachments from the South Carolina Companies to do Duty in Georgia; for preserving the Possession thereof, and to carry the Provisions from Frederica to the several Stations.

The Trustees have directed the President and Assistants in Georgia to inform themselves, if there is any Boat now in Georgia, and the Kings Property, which may be fit for this Employment; And that when the Directions from the Treasury are given concerning the Expence thereof the same will be communicated in what manner it is to be defrayed; And such further Directions will be given by the Trustees as shall be then necessary.


Harman Verelst to Lt. Col. Alexander Heron, Aug. 10, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 354, concerning boat for soldiers to be stationed in Ga. and Indian expenses. By the Loyal Judith, Capt. Cowie.

Sir

His Grace the Duke of Bedford having sent the inclosed to the Trustees Care to forward, and notified to the Treasury His Majestys Pleasure concerning the Expence of the Boat to be stationd at Frederica for the Use of the Detachments from the South Carolina Companies to do Duty in Georgia, for preserving the Possession thereof, and to carry the Provisions from Frederica to the several Stations.

The Trustees have directed the President and Assistants in Georgia, to inform themselves, if there is any Boat now in Georgia, and the Kings Property, which may be fit for this Employment; And that when the Directions from the Treasury are given concerning the Expence thereof, the same will be communicated in what manner it is to be defrayed; And such further Directions will be given by the Trustees as shall be then necessary.

The Duke of Bedford having, by the Kings Command, referred to the Trustees your Letters and Papers relating to the Indian Account and the Expence of the Boatmen &c That they might transmit the same, to the President and Assistants in Georgia, to be by them inspected, examined and stated what shall appear due from His Majesty thereon; In Order that His Grace may lay them before the King when properly certified by the said President and Assistants to the Trustees.

The Trustees have in pursuance of the said Reference sent them Copies of the said Letters and Papers, with full Instructions for their Proceedings therein, and have desired their useing all possible Dispatch in making the proper Return.

And by the Trustees Orders you are hereby acquainted thereof.


Harman Verelst to William Stephens, Aug. 24, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 355, concerning Indian present distribution. By the Loyal Judith, Capt. Cowie.

Sir

Your Letter to the Trustees Secretary of the 6th. of last Month was recd the 10th. of this Month, with your Journal and the Proceedings of the President and Assistants, which will be taken into Consideration the first Opportunity; But the Trustees receiving at the same time a Packet from Mr. Patrick Graham, relating to the Presents sent from England for the Indians, and his Proceedings thereupon, requiring immediate Consideration, as a Matter of the highest Importance to the Welfare of both Provinces; The Trustees have wrote to Mr. Graham on that head by this Conveyance, and herewith you receive a Copy of their Letter to him for Guidance and which you are desired to lay before the next Meeting of the President and Assistants for their Information thereof.


Harman Verest to Patrick Graham, Aug. 24, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 355-357, concerning distribution of Indian presents and medicines ordered. By the Loyal Judith, Capt. Cowie.

Sir

Your Letters to the Trustees Secretary of the 24th. of May, and 8th. of July last were both received, and are very satisfactory.

The Trustees greatly commend your Conduct at Charles Town, and are obliged to you for the Copy of the Report of the Council and Assembly of South Carolina wherein this Affair of the Presents has in many Points been very judicially considerd, and especially that part of effacing the Impressions the Indians may have already received, and to prevent any Expectation of the Presents being annually renewed to them (which though intended, may not be performed by many unforeseen Accidents). That the Governor of South Carolina should inform the Indians, that these Presents are sent them by his Majesty, now that all his Enemies have made Peace with him, as a Token of his Affection towards the Indians, and of the Notice he hath taken of their good Behaviour during the War towards his Subjects in South Carolina and Georgia; Desiring that they may still live together, always like Brethren.

This Opinion of the Council and Assembly is so just and which being Known to Mr. [William] Stephens and you, the Trustees hope the same Example has been followed in Georgia for setting the Indians right in this Matter, in Case Presents have been distributed before the Receipt of this Letter; And if they have not been yet distributed the Trustees direct, that the same Reason for these Presents to the Indians may be given, as the Governor of South Carolina was by the said Report advised to give notwithstanding the Instructions the Trustees sent, that the Indians were to be acquainted that these Presents were intended to be renewed annually to them; The Reasons against it being so strong and unanswerable. And where the Example of South Carolina is a right one, it is a Justification to agree with that Province in such Example; The Trustees desiring that both Provinces should act for their mutual Benefit.

The Trustees observe that Abraham Bosomworth is appointed by South Carolina to act in Conjunction for the Distribution of the Presents in Georgia, and that their own Commissary is to act in Conjunction with Mr. [William] Stephens or you for the Distribution of the Presents in South Carolina; And that out of the Moiety of the Presents you received from South Carolina, to be in the Store at Savannah, such part as should be thought proper should be given to Mrs. [Mary] Bosomworth for her past Demands and Services. The Trustees therefore direct, that a proper Discharge be given by her for what She shall so receive, specifying the Particulars received from the two Agents by his Majestys Directions, in full of all Claims and Demands for past Services, and for Presents furnished by her.

It is also very proper, that all the Annual Presents should not be distributed at one time, whereby the Provinces would be unable to make Presents on special Occasions to Indians, which frequently happen with little previous Notice; And to obviate the Difficulty of both Agents attending on such special Occasions, and keeping the Indians in either Province to wait for them, Mr. Stephens may appoint under his Hand and Seal, a Person resident in Charles Town to act for him on such an Occasion, and the Commissary at Charles Town may do the same for a Person resident in Georgia, if Abraham Bosomworth should not be in the Way in Georgia.

As to the Charges attending your getting the Moiety of the Presents from Charles Town and of distributing the Presents in Georgia, satisfying the Agents appointed for this Service, and the Interpreters and Entertainment of the Indians, the Trustees think it right what you mention that the Government of South Carolina thought proper to dispose of some of the Presents to defray these Charges; And as these Presents were purchased at a ready Money Price, it is a good Fund for this Service, and the Agents certifying the Quantities sold for these Purposes, the Money arising by Sale thereof, and the Accounts of the Application in these Charges approved by the Authority in the Province where they arise, will no doubt be satisfactory to His Grace the Duke of Bedford. And this Method the Trustees think should be used in Georgia, if there are Presents left sufficient to be sold for answering the said Expences; And if not, that part of the Presents to be sent over this Year may be so applied; Which will be properly represented to the Duke of Bedford, in Order for his Pleasure to be known thereon.

The last Warrant for purchasing these Presents had a Deduction from it of 267.16.2 Sterling paid to Abraham Bosomworth for Service in the Creek Nations in the Year 1747, and is attended with Fees and Charges, and the passing on account in the Auditors Office; And therefore it will be better for the Charges of distributing the Presents, to be defrayed by Sale of part thereof in America, than to have an Account open for uncertain Expences to be defrayed here by Draughts on England for this Service, which may exceed the Provision to be made here for it.

It is observed that in the beforementioned Report, Mention is made that part of the Goods in each Invoice are improper, being bad in kind, and unfit for Indians; But it would have been right, had the Report mentioned the Particulars in Order to remedy the same for the future; As to the Valuation made of the Presents, and the Difference stated between each Invoice, I have my Bills of Parcels to support my Purchases, at the lowest Prices, and the best in kind; And Mr. [Jermyn] Wrights Purchases and mine are very near in Value though his are under the Amount, the Valuers of his Invoice made them.

There is only one thing more observable by the said Report. vizt. That Indians may go from one Place to another, and receive Presents in two Places; But this dont appear very probable, as the Indians are of different Nations, and the same Agents distributing the Presents in each Province, must know to whom they have before distributed Presents.

The Medicines you wrote for, will be orderd, and the other Parts of your last Letter considered by the next Opportunity.


Harman Verelst to Richard Nevil Aldworth, Sept. 11, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 358, recommending William Russell to be Naval Officer in Ga.

Sir

A Naval Officer being much wanted in Georgia, & repeated Applications made from thence for the appointing One for the Use of the Shipping frequenting that Province.

The Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia in America crave Leave to recommend Mr. William Russell of Savannah in Georgia (who has been some time employed by the Trustees as a Clerk to keep their Accounts there) as a fit Person to execute the Office of Naval Officer at the Ports in Georgia.

They therefore request your moving His Grace of Bedford on this Occasion, that His Majesty may be graciously pleased to appoint Savannah and Frederica, to be the Ports for importing and exporting Goods at and from, within the Province of Georgia in America; And the said William Russell to be the Naval Officer there; By Virtue of His Majestys Royal Commission directed to the President and Assistants of the Province of Georgia in America at Savannah in the said Province.


Harman Verelst to the President and Assistants in Ga., Sept. 29, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 358-360, concerning boat for Ga. troops, sola bills sent, permission for Harris and Habersham to build a wharf at Savannah, answers to Trustees letters to be made promptly, and things needed at Ebenezer for silk production. By the George Town Galley, Capt. Thos. Crosthwaite.

Sir and Gentlemen

In my last of the 9th. of August 1749 I mentioned that this Opportunity would acquaint you with the Directions from the Treasury concerning the Expences of the Boat, Coxswain and ten Men to be stationed at Frederica for the Use of the Detachments of the South Carolina Companies to carry the Portions of Provisions allowed them in Georgia from Frederica to the usual Stations, to be under the Direction of the Trustees; But such Directions about the Expence being not yet given, I am only to acquaint you at present, that at the Request of His Majestys Secretary at War, Richard Millechamp is to be appointed Coxswain of the said Boat, who formerly was employed in Noble Joness Guard Boat.

The 600.- last ordered in Sola Bills, the Trustees have by this Conveyance sent you filled up as the last were, to be issued under your Direction, to whose Care they are committed; They consist of three Books containing 300 of 1. each Letter A No. 13501 to 13800. And of One Book containing 60 of 5. each Letter C No. 2051 to 2110. And yesterday 400 more in Sola Bills were ordered to be sent you by the Ship which goes from hence in about a Month to Messrs. Harris and Habersham from their Correspondent here.

The Trustees have considerd the Petition of Francis Harris and James Habersham you sent over with your Minutes of the 19th. of April last, for Liberty to build a Wharfe in the Front of Savannah, leaving the Distance of 100 feet from the Publick Wharfe now in Use; And to have a Lease granted of 100 feet front under the Bluff for that purpose, to build the said Wharfe on part thereof, and to reserve the Residue for Vessels to lye on each Side as Occasion shall require; And the said Petition being proper to be complied with, the Trustees direct that they should have such Lease granted them on an easy Rent, and the Terms when settled between you and them shall be confirmed here; You are therefore to give them immediate Possession according to the Proposal, that they may forthwith proceed in their building such Wharfe.

Herewith you receive Copies of the Secretarys two last Letters dated 7th. July 1749, and the Trustees expect to have their Letters fully answered without Delay, it being incumbent on the Assistants in Case of any Indisposition of Mr. Wm. Stephens, to see that the Trustees Letters are duly answered; And as the two Assistants, who went to Frederica on the disbanding the Regiment were instructed by the Trustees Letter of the 2d. of January last, to make certain Inquiries when there, of which no Return is yet come; The Trustees hope the next Conveyance will bring it; And also the Knowledge if any Steps have been taken towards obtaining from the Uchee Indians the Lands wanted to be added to Ebenezer.

On Letters recd from Ebenezer, it being necessary for the Production of Raw Silk carrying on there, to have ten Sheds with Outside Boards from their Saw Mill, and to have Clay Furnaces or Stoves therein for the use of the Silk Worms, the Trustees have agreed that Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius should be enabled to defray the Charge thereof, not exceeding 40s each, or 20.- in the whole; And also that he should be furnished with 15.- more for getting ten more Machines for winding the Silk to be made at Ebenezer at 30s each.


Harman Verelst to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, Sept. 29, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 360, concerning receipt of mail and silk and silk production. By the George Town Galley, Capt. Costhwaite.

Sir

Your Letters of the 16th. of May last to the Trustees Secy. and Accomptant, and that of the 24th. of the same Month, with one from Mr. [John Ludwig] Meyer of the 12th. of June last37 to the Trustees Accotant and the Box of 49 pounds 13 Ounces of Silk from Ebenezer came safe to hand.

It is a great Satisfaction to the Trustees, and to Mr. [Samuel] Lloyd one of their Members and a very considerable Merchant in the Silk Trade, that your People benefit by his Instructions under your able Explanation of them; As to produce so great an Increase in Quantity and Improvement in the Quality of the Silk. And You may depend on it, that no Encouragement in the Trustees Power will be wanting to perfect this much wanted Manufacture from Georgia, which was so great an Object in View on its first Establishment.

The next Conveyance I hope will bring you full Answers to your abovementioned Letters; In the mean time by this Opportunity I am to acquaint you, that the Trustees agree to enable you to make ten Sheds with Outside Boards from your Saw Mill, and to have Clay Furnaces or Stoves therein for the Use of the Silk Worms as you propose, the Expence of each not to exceed 40s; And also that you should get ten Machines made for winding the Silk at 30s each; Which with the ten Copper Basons, to be sent you by the next Conveyance, will employ twenty of the most necessitous Families among the Saltzburghers.

Your Packet of Silk to Mr. [Chretien] Von Munch, was sent with your Letter to the Care of Mr. Peter Meyer to forward.


Benjamin Martyn to the President and Assistants in Ga., Nov. 24, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, p. 361, concerning the appointment of Edward Holt as schoolmaster at Savannah. By the Mary Snow, Capt. Pearson.

Sir and Gentlemen

The Rev. Mr. [Bartholomew] Zouberbuhler having, when he was in England requested the Trustees to appoint a Schoolmaster at Savannah; and the Rev. Mr. [Thomas] Broughton, Secretary to the Society for promoting Christian Knowledge, having recommended Mr. Edward Holt for this Employment; The Trustees have accordingly appointed him Schoolmaster at Savannah with a Salary of Twenty pounds a Year, and Parish Clerk there with a Salary of Five pounds a Year. His Salary for both Offices is advancd him to Lady Day 1750. The Payments therefore in Georgia must commence from that time.


Benjamin Martyn to the President and Assistants in Ga., Nov. 25, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 361-363, concerning troubles caused by Thomas Bosomworth and Malatchee, and Trustee action to encourage silk culture. By the Mary Snow, Capt. Pearson.

Sir and Gentlemen

Your Packet with the Letters of July 25, 1749 has been recd. The Trustees cannot but be surprisd at the audacious Behaviour of Mr. [Thomas] Bosomworth, and they only wait for your next Letters, to see whether the two hundred Creek Indians (which were expected) did arrive at Savannah, and whether any Demands were made in Person by Malatchie, or any other Indians, in favour of Mr. Bosomworth or his Wife; Or if any Menaces were offerd to you in Case of your Refusal, that they may lay the whole in a proper manner, before the Government, which they cannot do at present, as Your Account is founded only upon Reports. In the meantime, the Trustees have orderd me to tell you, they very much approve of your Resolution to assert his Majestys Rights and protect the Properties of the People under your Care, and they are pleasd with your Conduct in procuring an Interpreter, in Order to convince the Indians, how much they have been imposd upon by that Self Interested Man, Mr. Bosomworth, and what a fatal Tendency his spiriting them to make these Demands must have.

As the procuring such an Interpreter in this Exigence was a very necessary Step, and no Provision could be found for it in the Estimate, your Bill Sir for 100. which you drew on the Trustees account for this Service, and for defraying the Expence of receiving the Indians at Savanah, has been accepted and paid. If Mr. Bosomworth thinks he can hold Lands which belong to this Majesty, under another Authority independent of him, and thinks he can disclaim his Majestys just Rights, without forfeiting his Allegiance, he will find himself much mistaken; As he will likewise, if he thinks, because the Regiment is withdrawn, the Province will not, upon all Occasions be protected by the Government here.

Sir and Gentlemen.

I have often represented to you, by Order of the Trustees, how much they have at heart the Culture of Silk in Georgia, and what Wealth would arise from this Mine, not only to the Province, and every Individual in it, who would apply himself to this Produce, but also to Great Britain. If a proper Attention had been given to the frequent, and almost incessant Advice and Injunctions of the Trustees, you would now have reapd the Benefit, for by a late Prohibition of Raw Silk from the several States of Italy, the Price of this Commodity is raised almost double what it has been, and yet there is such a Scarcity, that many of our Looms must stand still for want of Work. What an Opportunity is here lost by the Idleness of the People! It is in vain to say they could not do it; Every Man could have planted and fencd in his Mulberry Trees, and might have been supplied with Silk Worm Seed. Every Woman could have learnt to wind the Silk, without waiting so many Years for Instruction by Mrs. [Jane Mary] Camuse. It is evident the Art of winding is not such a Mystery, by what the Saltzburghers have done; And they have come to such a Perfection, purely by Care and Application, that many of our most eminent Silk Merchants, and of our Fabricators declare the Silk made by them to be equal to the best, that is brought from any Part of the World. And, upon Experience of the Goodness of theirs, and what little Mrs. Anderson has done, and could do, the Merchants I believe will petition the Parliament this Session, to encourage the Culture of this most useful Produce in America. This is surely sufficient to rouze Every One to Industry and Success in it will be the most effectual Means of preserving Georgia independent of the Government of South Carolina; Whereas, if, after so many Years Tryal, Georgia continues unprofitable to her Mother Country; If, after such Sums have been expended, no Returns are made for them, particularly in the principal Article expected; It will be natural for the Government here, to refuse the Expence of keeping up a separate Magistracy, and Government there. I cannot proceed on this Subject without expressing, as I am directed, the Astonishment of the Trustees, that the Sums, which They orderd to be given to the young Women, who had learnt the Art of winding Silk, had not been paid in the Month of July last. This was sufficient to damp the Spirits of the Saltzburghers, and frustrate their Endeavours; But the Trustees say They are unwilling to think this Neglect or Refusal was owing to such a Design.

The Trustees order me again to repeat to you their Hopes, that You will yet exert your Selves for the Reputation, the Interest and even the Being of the Colony; That you will endeavour to raise a Spirit of Industry in the People, and turn it chiefly towards the Culture of Silk; That where there are no Mulberry Trees upon their Plantations, or not near the Number specified in the Grants, you will exhort, or even oblige them (by threatening to take the forfeiture of their Grants) to plant and fence in what are proper; That you will advise the Women in the Province to apply themselves to learn the Art of reeling Silk and for their Encouragement the Trustees have resolvd to continue, for a Year longer, the Reward of 40s Sterling to each, who shall acquire it within that time. They will send over by this Ship, or the next Conveyance, a Box containing two Ounces of Silk Worm Seed, which You must dispose of among those, who may want it, and have Mulberry Trees ready to furnish the Worms with Food; But part of this, at least a Moiety, you must without Loss of time send to Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius for the Saltzburghers; or the whole, if there are none at or about Savanah in immediate Want of it. The Trustees are in Expectation of another Quantity of Seed from Italy, which they hope they shall be able to send to you before the hatching of the Worms. And lastly, to shew how sollicitous the Trustees are for the Success of this Produce, they have resolvd to give a Bounty on the Cocoons, besides the Purchase of the Silk at the Rates inumerated the 11th. of March last, the Particulars of which will be inclosd to you in separate Instructions, with many usefull Observations.


Benjamin Martyn to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, Nov. 24, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/668, pp. 364-365, concerning silk culture and its encouragement. By the Mary Snow, Capt. Alexander Pearson.

Sir

I have recd and laid before the Trustees your Letter to me of May the 16th., and likewise that of May the 24th. 1749. It was with great Pleasure They read in your first Letter, that the Saltzburghers had recd new Life from what I wrote to you by their Orders on the 2d. of January 1748/9, and that they went on with Spirit in planting Mulberry Trees, and raising Silk Cocoons, as well as drawing the Silk off from the Machines, and that they had raisd above 700 pounds of Cocoons last Spring, and should have raisd more, if the Want of Seed had not limited them. The Trustees upon the first Receipt of that Letter, apprisd Mr. [Samuel] Lloyd, whose Instructions for reeling you have recd, and he immediately procurd a Parcel of Silk Worm Seed from Italy, which is as yet on board a Ship in the River, and will be sent to the President and Assistants if possible, by this Conveyance; If not, by the next however; And a Moiety of this Seed is orderd to be deliverd to you. Mr. Lloyd is in Expectation of another Parcel from Italy, which I hope will come soon enough for you to receive, before the hatching time. Here Sir, I cannot postpone the Pleasure, which I know it will give you, and has given the Trustees, to find the Silk you last sent approvd of highly by Mr. Lloyd, and many other eminent Merchants, and likewise by a great Number of our Weavers. So highly is it approvd of by them, that they have Thoughts of petitioning the Parliament this Winter, to encourage the Growth of Silk in America, from an Experience of the Goodness of yours. They are more readily inclind to this, because the Pope has lately prohibited the Exportation of Raw Silk from the Ecclessastical States in Italy, and the other States and Princes of Italy have servilely imitated him, as if he was to be their infallible Guide in Temporal as well as Spiritual Affairs. Whatever may be the Event of the Merchants Petition, the Trustees are determind, that nothing shall be wanting in their Power, that may contribute to the Welfare of your Settlement, and the Success of your People in the Produce of Silk. They are sorry, that the Regulations and Price of the Silk, which They sent to you, March 11th. 1749, and which were founded upon what our Merchants have been usd to pay in Italy, gave you such Concern, & disheartend you so much, as appeard by your Letter of May the 24th. last.38 The Trustees approve of your Conduct, in not shewing the Letter to the Saltzburghers, as you imagind it might have an unhappy Influence in dispiriting them; And to convince you how much they approvd of your Conduct, they immediately orderd your Bill for 74.9.11 drawn on Mr. [Thomas] Broughton, for so much paid by you to the Saltzburghers for their Cocoons, to be directly accepted and paid when due, and it has been paid. The Trustees have likewise taken into Consideration what Further Encouragement they can give, and they have resolvd that besides the Sum of 14 and 12 Shillings to be paid for a pound of the first and second Rate Silk, a Bounty shall be given upon each pound of Cocoons, which will raise the Sums (for them to pay) for a pound of good Silk, to be more than what you supposd was given by the Province of South Carolina. You will see the whole of this stated very clearly to you, in a Paper of Instructions to be inclosd to you, and likewise the Answer to the Question you proposd to me in your Letter of May the 24th. last. vizt. By what Rules your People should govern themselves in reeling the Silk, whether by those sent you on March 11th. 1749, or what were formerly sent you.

The Trustees have orderd the Sum of 20 to be sent to you, which They desire you will accept of as a Present from them. And that the Saltzburghers may have nothing to obstruct their Progress in the Culture of Silk, a Sum is orderd to be paid into your Hands, in Sola Bills, and another Sum will be soon afterwards sent, that they may be sure of a ready Payment both for their Cocoons, and Silk when reeld.

I wish you all Success in your laudable Endeavours.


Harman Verelst to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, Nov. 24, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 1-5, concerning encouragement of silk culture. By the Mary Snow, Capt. Alex. Pearson.

Sir

In my Letter of the 20th. of September 1749 I acquainted you, that I hoped this Conveyance would bring you full Answers to your Letters of the 16th. and 24th. of May before, which having had due Consideration, the Trustees are obliged to you for the Contents of them, and have orderd me to return you their Thanks; And that no Encouragement they can give should be wanting for promoting the Culture and Production of Raw Silk, They have agreed that the Regulations sent you the 11th. of March last should be taken in a Mercantile View for vending the Silk so raised for ready Money upon the Spot; And do now further resolve on a Bounty on Cocoons as hereafter is specified, over and above the Prices to be paid of 14s. Sterling for every pound of 16 Ounces of the first Sort of Silk of five or six Threads, of 12s. Sterling for every like pound of the Second Sort of about eight Threads, and of 6s. Sterling for every like pound of the worst Sort (meaning thereby the Silk produced from Cocoons wherein two Worms have interwoven, and some other Cocoons, such as weak, spotted and pointed ones, which are not fit to be put amongst those from which the other two Sorts of Silk should be produced, concluding to be sure, that the Cocoons are always assorted by proper Judges before they are given or sent to the Women, to reel into the respective Sorts of Silk above mentioned). Now in respect to the Silk drawn from fifteen to twenty Cocoons, which was once recommended to you, and of which you desired to know, if such Quality would be most eligible; I answer, that the said Quality of fifteen to twenty Cocoons, if clean even, and well Reeld, is almost as valuable as the fine Sort of five to six Cocoons; And therefore the Trustees are willing to give the same Price of 14s. a pound for it. But it must be rememberd, that the Value of this, depends upon the Cleanness and Neatness of it. And why it is judged most Eligible for your People to reel such a Sort is, because they can do as much again in a day as of the fine Sort; As You Your Self, in one of your Letters, very judiciously observed. Therefore if it should so happen, that some Women should have a better hand at, and delight rather to draw the fine Sort of five to six Cocoons, than this of fifteen to twenty; They might draw that Sort, and others the Sort of fifteen to twenty; And both of them be equally advantageous to your People, and answer the Intent of the Trustees.

This was the Plan which the Trustees upon mature Consideration, and Advice of Persons knowing in the Silk Trade, and Zealous to promote the Culture of Silk in His Majestys Dominions in America, had calculated as the most Elegible and Lasting that could be pitched upon, from the Consideration that they had all along been led to believe, that the Quantity of Mulberry Trees, as well Native as planted and cultivated, were so plentiful that any Quantity of Cocoons almost might have been annually produced with a great deal of Ease and Commodiousness to the Breeders of Silk Worms; And therefore the Trustees judged, that the Prices of Silk above stipulated of 14s, 12s, and 6s a pound for the respective Sorts of Silk, were an ample and sufficient Encouragement for Persons settled in the Country to undertake that Culture preferrable to any other that has hitherto been carried on in any part of America.

But since contrary to all Expectations it now appears from your several Letters to the Trustees, and Mr. [Friedrich Michael] Ziegenhagen; That your People have been at no small Trouble and Expence in raising and planting a great Number of young Mulberry Trees for the Food of Worms (which was believd might be had in the Colony for stepping out of Doors to gather the Leaves, and which would really have been the Case, if the repeated Orders of the Trustees, and the Conditions of their Grants had been complied with, of not only planting, as some have practiced, but also of preserving and keeping up as ought to have been, the 500d Mulberry Trees upon every fifty Acres stipulated). The Trustees zealously second your good Desires for prosecuting a Culture so much wanted, and have unanimously agreed to give your People all the Encouragement you can possibly ask for them; And therefore do Resolve, That besides the before mentioned Prices to be paid for the said respective Sorts of Silk, They will allow by Way of Bounty, as follows. vizt.

First. For all Cocoons raised in any part of Georgia, or by any Person whatever, wherein only one Worm has spun, and that is of a hard weighty and good Substance, 2s Sterling a pound of sixteen ounces.
Second. For all Cocoons wherein one Worm only has spun, of a weaker, inferior, spotted or bruised Quality (which consequently must make an inferior Silk) therefore only Is. Sterling a pound to be allowed on such.
Third. For all Cocoons wherein two Worms have spun and interwoven themselves, only Eightpence Sterling a pound to be allowed on such.
By all which Limitations you will conceive Sir, the Trustees have an Eye to the perfecting of this valuable Commodity by giving the greatest Bounty to those who produce the best Cocoons; And yet so, as not to leave those without Encouragement who have the Misfortune not to produce so good ones. Care must be therefore taken when Cocoons are brought to you, or to those who you shall think proper to appoint for inspecting into the Quality thereof that they be judiciously divided into the three Sorts before described, for regulating the Payments of the Bounty accordingly.

The Trustees have for the present orderd the Sum of 100 to be issued to you out of the Sola Bills now sent, for the Service of the Colony, to the Care of the President and Assistants, by this Conveyance; To enable you to pay for the Silk and Bounty now orderd, an Extract of which Order is herewith sent you for receiving the same. And by the next Conveyance 100. more will be ordered in the same manner, and for the same Service. And if it should so happen, which would be very pleasing to the Trustees it should, that the said Sums should prove far short of what is sufficient to pay for the said Silk, and Bounty on Cocoons, which the Trustees hope from your Zeal added to this Encouragement will be able to produce; You may depend on the first Notice received from you thereof, that they will immediately order you a further Sum in Sola Bills to answer the same, without your being made dependant upon the President and Assistants at Savannah, for their Pleasure in supplying you.

Therefore Sir, as you have it now in your Power independant of anyone, to encourage the Culture of Cocoons by giving the Bounty above specified; It were to be wishd that you could possibly thereby influence any other People in Georgia, though at a great distance from you, where Mulberry Trees may be easily come at for the Food of Worms, that they would breed some and bring you the Cocoons made therefrom, which may be easily curd either in the Ovens or the Sun, as your own Experience already mentions practicable, and thereby your Women that are capable of reeling them off (whose Number the Trustees now conclude are, and will annually increase) may be supplied with a sufficient Quantity of Cocoons to last them for six to ten Weeks time of Reeling (which is about the time the Reelers in Italy continue working). And which Quantity of Cocoons for such a long Supply of working, it is conceived not possible for your own People to raise.

Two Ounces of Seed is coming from Italy, and hourly expected, but if not in time for this, will come by the next Conveyance; And two Ounces more soon after; Of which you may depend. They will be sent to the President and Assistants, and you will have a Supply from them, not less than a Moiety as sent.

But Care should always be taken by your People to preserve Seed enough of their own, not to be in Want of any from Europe, which is attended with many Hazards in obtaining and conveying; And by all means omit not to recommend the preserving the hardest and stoutest Cocoons for Seed; And the Method of stringing such Cocoons for Seed, in the manner of those sent the President and Assistants 18th. March 1746, is the best Method that can be practisd, and therefore recommended to your People.

Notwithstanding the above Bounty on Cocoons is hitherto confined to those raised in Georgia; Yet I am instructed further to inform you, that if it should so happen, as probably it may (notwithstanding the sanquine Assurances to the contrary) that the Bounty on Cocoons or Silk in Carolina may not be so punctually complied with as has been given out; And that you could possibly influence any Person or Persons residing in any Part of the Province of Carolina to bring you the Cocoons they produce, you may readily pay them on Delivery thereof to you or your Agent, the Bounty before specified of the respective three Qualities, for one Year, and give out timely Notice accordingly; And you may depend that the Trustees will on the first Notice make good, whatever you shall disburse on that Account. Whereby you see Sir their great Aim and Desire is, to cultivate at any Expence any Quantity (even to a Glutt if possible) of Cocoons in his Majestys Dominions in America, and thereby enable England to quit Scores with the Papal Authority, who gave this Year the first Example to the other his Servile Sons, the Princes of Italy, to prohibit the Importation of Raw Silk, as you are informed by the Trustees Secretary.

The Trustees do not barely depend upon mere Wishes, that a much larger Quantity of Cocoons will be wanted than your People can possibly produce; But they are justified therein, not only from what is practisd in Italy, where they bring Cocoons thirty or forty Miles to Market, but likewise from the Desire that you have expressd of having, and which is executed by this Conveyance of sending you ten more Basons; And supposing you have but four already (though probably you have six erected) there will be then fourteen Basons at Work, the Trustees hope next Spring, and calculating as you do, at least two pounds of Silk a day made by the Woman to each Bason, and allowing her to work but thirty days, which is a very little Time indeed, there would be then reeld by said fourteen Women 840 pounds weight of Silk, to which calculating twelve pounds of Cocoons for every pound of Silk is above 10,000 pounds weight of Cocoons, a Quantity the Trustees doubt your own People are not able to supply; And therefore it becomes absolutely necessary to encourage the Culture of Cocoons as far round you as possible.

Your Letter of the 24th. of June39 last l recd the 11th. of last Month, advising me of a Bill you drew for 74.9.11 on the Revd. Mr. [Thomas] Broughton for the 2s a pound on 744 lb. 15 1/2 oz. of Cocoons raised by your People the last Spring, which Bill I authorized Mr. Broughton to direct to me as Accotant to the Trustees for Payment, and it is accordingly paid. The Trustees are very sorry for your having been so necessitated, and from a due Sense of your great Services in encouraging the Culture of Silk, and the Improvement of the Colony, and of the extraordinary Care and Trouble you have taken in the external as well as internal Welfare of your People, They have orderd that out of the Sum to be issued to you of the Sola Bills sent by this Conveyance, you would please to apply and accept of 20, as a Token of their Gratitude, for your own particular Use; And that you take Credit for the same thereout, which the President and Assistants have Orders to allow as a Voucher for so much thereof. And you will from time to time transmit to the President and Assistants, your Accounts and the Vouchers you take for the Payments you have Occasion to make out of the Moneys, which you shall by the Trustees Order receive from them on Account, in Discharge of the Receipts to be given by you for the same for them to transmit to the Trustees, you keeping Duplicates of the said Accounts and Vouchers by you in Case of Accidents; And the President and Assistants will thereupon deliver up to you, your said Receipts on Account.

Besides the Case with the ten Copper Basons, in one of which is a Bundle for you, there is a Case markd H.P.B. from Hambro, forwarded to you by this Conveyance.


Benjamin Martyn to Patrick Graham, Nov. 24, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 6, concerning Indian presents, medicines desired, and land desired by Graham. By the Mary Snow, Capt. Pearson.

Sir

I recd your Letter of the 24th. May last from Charles Town. I have also recd yours dated Savannah 8th. July 1749.

As to the first Part of your last Letter, and the whole of your former, which relate to your Conduct in procuring the Moiety of the Indian Presents to be sent to Savannah, you have already recd so full an Approbation of what you did, that I need not enlarge upon it here.

The second Part of your last Letter, which takes Notice of the Box of Medicines, and the new Articles which you mentiond as necessary to be put in it, you will find answerd, by the Chest of Medicines, which is sent by this Conveyance.

What you set forth with regard to your Plantation at Josephs Town, being surrounded with a Swamp, and being often so overflowd, that for several Years past you have been deprivd of the Benefit of your Cattle; And that you desire the 500 Acres of Land, formerly granted by Mr. [James] Oglethorpe in three Parcels. vizt. 200 Acres to Walter Augustine, 200 Acres to John Clarke, and 100 to some other Person, which you say have long ago been relinquishd by the first Possessors, I have laid before the Trustees; Who, on considering the same, find that Walter Augustine of Cat Island in South Carolina had a Grant of 500 Acres from the Trustees. They likewise find, that on the 19th. of May 1736 you had a Grant of only 100 Acres from them. They are very ready to gratify you, Sir, in any Thing within their Power; But you know, by his Majestys Charter, no Grant can be made of more than 500 Acres to any Person. However, if that Allegation in your Letter is true, that Walter Augustine left the Colony in 1737, is since dead in Carolina, and has left no Heirs, and if that Land is at present unoccupied, the Trustees are very ready to grant you so much of it, as may make your present Grant of 100 Acres, 500 compleat. If you find hereafter, that you may have Occasion for more, you can hold it only by Lease from the Trustees, and then it will be necessary for you to let them know, at what Rent you propose to take the Lease.


Harman Verelst to the President and Assistants in Ga., Nov. 25, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 7-11, concerning sola bills sent, stationery sent, encouragement of silk culture, silk accounts at Ebenezer, expenses of Indian relations, appointments of Edward Holt and William Russell, boat for soldiers stationed in Ga., and resolution and instructions of Trustees about silk culture. By the Mary Snow, Capt. Pearson.

Sir and Gentlemen

By the George Town Galley Captn. Crosthwaite, 600. in Sola Bills were sent you, and by this Conveyance you receive 400. more filld up as the last were, to be issued under your Direction, to whose Care they are committed; They consist of two Books, containing 200 of 1. each Letter A No. 13801 to 14000, and of one Book containing 40 of 5. each Letter C No. 2111 to 2150.

A Case of Stationary Ware is also sent by this Conveyance, containing one Ream of Demy, two Reams of Post, two Reams of Pott,40 and two Reams of Fools Cap Paper, 1400 Pens, and three pounds of Wax. For which Case, as also two Cases for Ebenezer, (the one directed to Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius, and the other markd H.P.B.) a Box of Medicines which Mr. Patrick Graham wrote for, as wanted at Savannah, and the small Box of Sola Bills and Letters. A Bill of Lading is sent to William Stephens Esqr., to whom they are consigned.

The People of Ebenezer having by their Industry & Application, under the Care of good Mr. Bolzius, made so great a Progress in the Culture and Production of Raw Silk for the promoting whereof no Encouragement in the Trustees Power will be wanting; The Trustees, on the Representation of Mr. Bolzius, have agreed, that the Regulations, sent the 11th. of March last, relating to the Prices to be paid for Silk produced in Georgia, should be taken in a Merchantile View for vending the Silk so raised for ready Money on the Spot; and have further resolved on a Bounty on Cocoons besides. The Particulars whereof are here inclosed, together with all the necessary Instructions for carrying on so usefull, and much wanted a Produce.

The Trustees order, that the Issuers of their Sola Bills by your Direction, do immediately issue to the Revd. Mr. Bolzius so many as will amount to 100. Sterling, for him to pay himself himself thereout a Reward of 20. for his singular Services in the Silk, and other external Affairs of his People, and the Residue upon Account for paying for the Silk and Bounty on Cocoons, pursuant to the Instructions sent him. And out of the next Conveyance of Sola Bills, which will be 600, 100 more will be orderd him upon the like Account; For which you are to take his Receipts upon Account, until he delivers you his Accounts & Vouchers in Discharge thereof, to be transmitted, with the other Accounts of the Trustees Expences in Georgia to them; And on his delivering you such Accounts and Vouchers, you are to deliver him up his Receipts, which shall be discharged thereby.

The 2s a pound on 744 1 b.:15 1/2 oz. of Cocoons raised at Ebenezer in the last Spring have been paid for by the Trustees, in their discharging Mr. Bolziuss Bill of 74.9.11 drawn on the Revd. Mr. [Thomas] Broughton for the same.

The Bill for 100 drawn by the President on me, for the Charges of an Interpreter, and Indians coming to Savannah, has been paid; And you shall have Advice, when the next Presents go from England for the Indians, that Application may be made by you to the Agents abroad who shall distribute those for Georgia, to reimburse the Trustees that Sum, by Sale of part of the said Presents; To which Agents you must give an Account of the Application thereof in the said Charges of an Interpreter, and the Indians, so fully and particular, that they may certify to his Majestys Principal Secretary of State, the Services for which the said 100. Value in Goods were sold to defray. And when such Reimbursement is made, the Trustees must have Credit for the same, as a Remittance on Account of their estimated Expences.

Mr. Edward Holt and Hannah his Wife come Passengers by this Ship, he being appointed Schoolmaster and Parish Clerk at Savannah, and by whom the Trustees Secretary has notified the same, and that his Salaries have been paid him in advance to Lady Day 1750.

Mr. William Russells appointment of Naval Officer in Georgia, and his Instructions, could not be ready by this Conveyance, by reason that in the same Instrument, Savannah and Frederica are to be appointed by his Majesty, the Ports in Georgia for importing and exporting Goods at and from; And the Attorney General is to settle the Draught of that Instrument, which you will acquaint Mr. Russell of.

With my Letter of the 9th. of August last you received an Estimate of the Expence of a Boat for the use of the Detachments of Soldiers doing Duty in Georgia, to be under the Trustees Direction; And in my Letter of the 29th. of September following, you were acquainted that Richard Mellichamp (who formerly was employed in Noble Joness Guard Boat) was to be the Coxswain thereof. I am now to acquaint you, that as the Sums, which are or shall hereafter become due on the said Estimate, are to be paid annually into the hands of the Accomptant to the Trustees of Georgia for the time being, when they shall have certified the Amount of the Sums, and the Payment of the same; I have thereupon wrote to Messieurs Harris and Habersham, to defray the Expences of the said Boat within the Estimate, as Fees are payable here on receiving the Money from time to time, and to send me proper Vouchers certified by you of the Payments thereof, to intitle me to receive the same for their Use in Reimbursements to them. This Boat, being under the Trustees Direction, is not confind only to the relieving the Detachments and carrying Provisions for their Use, but also is to serve as an Express or Advice Boat, or on any other necessary Service of the Colony, when not otherwise wanted for his Majestys Service; And is to be mannd with ten Men, besides the Coxswain. You will therefore appoint the said Richard Melli champ Coxswain, and the Men, if not already done, and give the necessary Directions for the Employment of the said Boat, according to the Intent of its Appointment. Messieurs Harris and Habersham are instructed what Vouchers to take for their Payments to this Service, which Instructions they will acquaint you of.


Resolutions of the Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia in America, for a Bounty on Cocoons, besides the paying for the Silk raised in Georgia, made the 16th. of November 1749. And some Instructions for the better carrying on so useful, and much wanted a Produce from Georgia.

Resolved

That the Regulations relating to the Prices of Silk to be paid in Georgia, sent the 11th. of March 1745/9, shall be taken as it was intended in a Mercantile View, for vending the Silk raised for ready Money on the Spot.

Resolved

That a Bounty on Cocoons (as hereafter is specified) be allowed and paid, over and above the Prices to be paid, of 14s Sterling for every pound of sixteen Ounces of the first Sort of Silk of five or six Threads, of 12s Sterling for every like pound of the second Sort of about eight Threads, and of 6s Sterling for every like pound of the worst Sort (meaning thereby the Silk produced from Cocoons wherein two Worms have interwoven, and some other Cocoons such as weak spotted and pointed Ones, which are not fit to be put amongst those from which the other two Sorts of Silk should be produced, concluding to be sure, that the Cocoons are always assorted by proper Judges, before they are given or sent to the Women to reel into the respective Sorts of Silk above mentioned). Now in respect to the Silk drawn from 15 to 20 Cocoons, recommended by the Sample sent over the 18th. of March 1746, if that Quality be clean, even and well reeld, it is almost as valuable as the fine Sort of 5 to 6 Cocoons; And therefore the Trustees are willing to give the same Price of 14s a pound for it. But it must be rememberd, that the Value of this depends upon the Cleanness and Neatness of it, and it is eligible to produce this Sort, as the Women can reel as much again of it in a day as of the fine Sort. Therefore if it should so happen, that some Women should have a better hand at, and delight rather to draw the fine Sort of 5 to 6 Cocoons, than this of 15 to 20, they might draw that Sort; and others the Sort of 15 to 20; And both of them be equally advantageous to the People, and answer the Intent of the Trustees.

This was the Plan, which the Trustees, upon mature Consideration and Advice of Persons knowing in the Silk Trade, and zealous to promote the Culture of Silk in his Majestys Dominions in America, had calculated as the most eligible and lasting that could be pitched upon, from the Consideration that they had all along been led to believe, that the Quantity of Mulberry Trees, as well native, as planted and cultivated, were so plentifull, that any Quantity of Cocoons almost might have been annually produced with a great deal of Ease and Commodiousness to the Breeders of Silkworms; And therefore the Trustees judged, that the Prices of Silk above stipulated of 14, 12, and 6s a pound for the respective Sorts of Silk, were an ample and sufficient Encouragement for Persons settled in the Country to undertake that Culture, preferrable to any other that has hitherto been carried on in any Part of America.

But since, contrary to all Expectations, that the Food of Worms is still scarce (which would have been otherwise, had the repeated Orders of the Trustees, and the Conditions of their Grants been complied with, not only to plant, as some have practised, but also to preserve and keep up as ought to have been, the 500 Mulberry Trees upon every fifty Acres stipulated) the Trustees, for prosecuting a Culture so much wanted have unanimously agreed to give all the Encouragement that can be possibly asked; And therefore do resolve that besides the beforementioned Prices to be paid for the said respective Sorts of Silk, They will allow by Way of Bounty as follows. vizt.

First. For all Cocoons raised in any part of Georgia, or by any Person whatever (wherein only one Worm has spun, and that is of a hard, weighty and good Substance) 2s Sterling a pound of 16 Ounces.
Second. For all Cocoons, wherein one Worm only has spun, of a weaker, inferior, spotted or bruised Quality (which consequently must make an inferior Silk) therefore only Is Sterling a pound to be allowed on such.
Third. For all Cocoons wherein two Worms have spun, and interwoven themselves, only Eight pence Sterling to be allowed on such.
By all which Limitations you may perceive, the Trustees have an Eye to the perfecting this valuable Commodity, by giving the greatest Bounty to those who produce the best Cocoons, and yet so, as not to leave those without Encouragement, who have the Misfortune not to produce so good Ones. Care must be therefore taken when Cocoons are brought, that they may be properly inspected into the Quality thereof, and judiciously divided into the three Sorts before described, for regulating the Payments of the Bounty Accordingly.

The Time of Reeling the Silk in Italy is from 6 to 10 Weeks in the Continuation of that Work; The Trustees wish that you had Women capable of reeling off the Silk from the Cocoons, and had Cocoons sufficient to employ Persons in that necessary Work.

Two Ounces of Seed is coming from Italy and hourly expected; But if not in time for this, will come by the next Conveyance; And two Ounces more soon after; a Moiety of which as recd must be sent to the Care of Mr. Bolzius at Ebenezer. But the People should always preserve Seed enough of their own, not to be in Want of any from Europe, which is attended with many Hazards in obtaining, and conveying. And by all Means you must not omit to recommend the preserving the hardest and stoutest Cocoons for Seed, and the Method for stringing such Cocoons for Seed in the manner of those sent you the 18th. March 1746, is the best Method that can be practisd, and therefore recommended to the People.

It being absolutely necessary to cultivate the Production of Cocoons as much as possible, the Trustees have agreed that for one Year, the Bounty before specified of the three respective Qualities shall be paid for Cocoons brought to Georgia, tho raised in Carolina.


Harman Verelst to the President and Assistants in Ga., Dec. 23, 1749, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 12, concerning bills drawn on Trustees, reports from Ga. hoped for, and silk worm seed sent. By the Two Sisters, Capt. Morton.

Sir and Gentlemen

On the 6th. instant I recd a Letter from the President dated the 28th. of July last,41 advising me of a Bill he drew for 58.15.1 in favour of Mr. Patrick Graham for the Expences he was at relating to the Indian Presents he obtained from Charles Town, to be distributed in Georgia, which Bill is accepted, and will be paid when due; And the Value thereof must be reimbursed the Trustees in the same manner as the Bill for 100 the President drew on me for the Charges of an Interpreter and Indians coming to Savannah, and then it must be creditted to the Trustees, as well as the said 100, as Remittances on Account of their estimated Expences. The Necessity of these particular Services is the only Reason why these Bills were accepted, to be reimbursed the Trustees as directed; The drawing Bills on the Trust being contrary to a Standing Order.

On the 11th. instant the Trustees Secretary recd a Letter from Mr. [William] Hopton at Charles Town, dated the 12th. of October 1749, advising him of a small Box directed to him, sent by the Brownlow Captain Jackson, for Liverpool; Which Ship being arrived, the said Box will be sent by Land from thence, and it is hoped will contain due Returns to the several Orders heretofore sent, and particularly to the Inquirys directed to be made by the two Assistants who were sent to the South, on the disbanding of the Regiment, which are impatiently expected; As also the Result of the Behaviour of the Indians, and the Bosomworths.

Herewith you receive an Ounce of Silk Worm Seed from Italy, of which you must supply Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius with one half for the Use of the Saltzburghers; Another Ounce will be sent you the next Month, to be divided in the same manner; And by the same Conveyance 600. in Sola Bills will be also sent you.


Benjamin Martyn to the President and Assistants in Ga., Jan. 7, 1749/50, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 13-14, concerning Bosomworth and Indian troubles, land grants, list of discharged soldiers, land north of Ebenezer, and list of landholders. By the Fortrose, Capt. Mackenzie.

Sir and Gentlemen

The Box directed to me, (in which were inclosd your Proceedings from June 15th. 1749 to September the 12th. following, a List of the Inhabitants, of the Grants, and other Papers was recd the 30th. of last Month, and the several Letters and Papers have been laid before the Trustees, who order me to tell you, They are pleasd with the whole of your Conduct with Regard to Mr. [Thomas] Bosomworth, his Wife, and the Indians, whom they brought to Savanah; They are so likewise with the Spirit, which appeard in the Inhabitants on that Occasion, which it will be proper to apprise them of. The Trustees intend to lay the whole before the Duke of Bedford, Secretary of State, and They dont doubt but such Directions will be soon sent, as shall put it out of the Power of Hr. Bosomworth, his Wife, or any of his Family to create any such Disturbances in the Province for the future.

In looking over the List of the Grants of Land, the Trustees find you have been negligent of some of their principal Directions transmitted to you in my Letter dated January 2d. 1748/9. That You may see wherein you have been so, They have orderd me to transcribe the same with their Observations thereon. vizt.

After having directed, that two of the Assistants should go to the Southern Part of the Province, to attend at the disbanding of the Regiment, was the following Paragraph. You must transmit to the Trustees, by the first Opportunity, a List of such Soldiers, who may resolve to stay in the Province, and of their Wives and Children, and the Places where they may settle. In return to this, you sent a former Account dated June 10th. that 151 Men, making with their Families 248 Souls, chose to stay in the Colony, and receivd the Sum of 5 Sterl. each (granted by his Majesty to such as would chuse to stay) but what part of those Men would take up Lands, or where, could not at that Time be come at. And in your Proceedings now sent, you only take Notice, on Septr. 8th. that some Soldiers disbanded out of the Regiment desire to settle at Augusta, and Mr. [Thomas] Ellis the Surveyor was orderd by you to go thither, and lay out Tracts of Land for them; and on the 12th. of Septr. you say Some disbanded Soldiers, that are settled at Ebenezer, applied to the Board for their Allowance of Provisions. By your not sending a particular List as they directed, the Trustees are disabled from making the proper Returns to the Offices, where they are expected; You must therefore without fail, send such a List by the first Opportunity.

In the said Letter of January the 2d. was the following Paragraph also The Trustees direct that the two Assistants who shall go to Frederica, should make an immediate Inquiry into all the Grants of Land made, or Lands possessd within the Island of St. Simons, or the Neighbourhood of it, how far they have been cultivated, and by whom possessd, or for whose Benefit; And particularly a large Parcel of Land on the Island of St. Simons said to be set apart for the Use of the Regiment; And also the 3000 Acres which were granted, upon the first Establishment of the Regiment, for five Acre Lots for each of the Soldiers. In your Return, you mention only one small Lot of Captn. Demeres on St. Simons, but take no Notice of that large Parcel of Land (which is calld the Farm) which the Trustees directed a particular Account of, or of the 3,000 Acres granted by them for the Regiment. The Trustees expect, that in your next Letter you should be more explicit in your Answer to their Directions on this Head.

There was another Paragraph in the said Letter of Janry the 2d. as follows The Trustees want to know, if you have taken any Steps towards obtaining of the Uchee Indians, the Lands lying a little above Ebenezer, in Order to be added to that Township. They desire youll take the first Opportunity of doing it, and acquaint them as soon as possible with your Proceedings. On this Article likewise you have been entirely silent. Wherefore, the Trustees direct me to say that in all the Letters sent to you, with Orders for any particular Things to be done, They expect you return your Answer, Paragraph by Paragraph.

There is another Point on which the Trustees have long desird explicit Accounts from you, as they are expected from them by the Auditor of the Plantations. You have sent over by the last Conveyance a List of the Inhabitants, and an Account where they are settled; But this List is defective, as you have not always put down to each Inhabitant the Quantity of Land possessd by them, or the time when they first occupied their Lots; Nor have you taken Notice of what Lots are vacant, or when they became so. You must therefore without Loss of Time amend the List, by supplying these Defects.


Harman Verelst to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, Jan. 13, 1749/50, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 15, concerning silk culture. By the Fortrose, Capt. Mackenzie.

Revd. Sir.

By the inclosed you will be able to demand 100 more in Sola Bills to be issued to you in Georgia upon Account, for paying for the Silk and Bounty on Cocoons at Ebenezer, pursuant to the Instructions lately sent you.

Another Ounce of Silkworm Seed is also sent to the President and Assistants for your immediate having one Moiety thereof for the Use of the Saltzburghers. The Trustees hope it will not arrive too late for Use. You are desired to keep the Eggs on the Paper hatched apart from those in the Box, and to be particular in advising, if any, and what Difference in the Goodness of each of the respective Sorts, as also to send to England 20 or 30 Cocoons from each of the two Sorts of Eggs, and 30 more produced from Eggs of the Saltzburghers own Breed, and not to fail herein.

Some time since Mr. [John Ludwig] Meyer forwarded the inclosed to the Trustees Secretary, and the three Barrels therein mentioned being lately arrived, are sent you for the Use intended by this Conveyance.


Harman Verelst to the President and Assistants in Ga., Jan. 13, 1749/50, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 15-16, concerning sola bills, silk worm seed sent, and items sent for Edward Holt and Ebenezer. By the Fortrose, Capt. Mackenzie.

Sir & Gentlemen

By this Conveyance you receive 600 more in Sola Bills, filled up as the last were, to be issued under your Direction, to whose Care they are committed. They consist of three Books, containing 300 of 1- each Letter A. No. 14001 to 14300, and of one Book, containing 60 of 5. each Letter C. No. 2151 to 2210; Whereof You are immediately to issue to the Revd. Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius so many as will amount to 100 Sterling, for paying for the Silk and Bounty on Cocoons, pursuant to the Instructions sent him; For which you are to take his Receipt upon Account, until he discharges himself thereof by his Accounts and Vouchers, to be transmitted to the Trustees with the other Accounts of the Trustees Expences in Georgia.

Herewith you receive the other Ounce of Silk Worm Seed from Italy mentioned in my Letter of the 23d of last Month; Whereof You must immediately supply Mr. Bolzius with one half for the Use of the Saltzburghers; The Trustees hope the Seed will not arrive too late for Use.

You are desired to direct, that the Eggs on the Paper hatched may be kept apart from those in the Box, and to be particular in advising, if any, and what Difference, in the Goodness of each of the respective Sorts, as also to send to England 20 or 30 Cocoons from each of the two Sorts of Eggs, and 30 more produced from Eggs of the Peoples own Breed, and not to fail herein.

With this Conveyance there is a Matted Bundle for Mr. Edward Holt the Schoolmaster at Savannah, and three Barrels for Ebenezer to be forwarded.


Harman Verelst to Edward Holt, Jan. 13, 1749/50, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 16, telling of items sent to him. By the Fortrose, Capt. Mackenzie.

Sir

By this Opportunity you receive a Matted Bundle, containing the Things you desired to be sent after you; The Charges whereof is allowed you as Necessarys for your Use.


Benjamin Martyn to Richard Nevil Aldworth, Jan. 10, 1749/50, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 16-18, concerning Bosomworth-Indian troubles and Indian present distribution.

Sir

The Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia have just recd a Letter from the President and Assistants, containing Matters of such Importance, that they thought it their Duty to lay a Copy of the same immediately before his Grace the Duke of Bedford.

The Revd. Mr. Thomas Bosomworth (who was sent some Years ago as a Missionary to Georgia) by his Marriage with a Woman, who was Interpreter for the Indians (for which She has been constantly well paid) has thought himself intitled, and by his Influence on the Indians sufficiently empowered, to make what Demands he pleased. He has for some time past thrown off in a Manner his Allegiance to his Majesty, and, under pretended Grants from the Indians, laid Claims to immense Tracts of Land independent of his Majestys Rights, and his Charter to the Trustees for granting the same. Since his Majestys Presents to the Indians have been sent, Mr. Bosomworth and his Wife have demanded a Moiety of the same for their own Use. They have, to the great Terror of his Majestys Subjects, brought down to Savannah above Seventy Indians in an hostile Manner, under Pretence of meeting and talking there with Mr. Abraham Bosomworth, their Brother, one of the Agents appointed for distributing his Majestys Presents, whom the Indians declard They had sent to England as their Agent. During their Stay at Savannah, he and his Wife, and the Indians for them, demanded that all their extravagant Claims of Land (which are totally inconsistent with his Majestys Charter) should be made good; On the Refusal of this, and the Moiety of the Presents, They behavd themselves in the most outragious Manner to the great Disturbance of the Peace, and did their utmost to exasperate the Indians, to the great Danger of the Inhabitants of the Province. Tho by the good Conduct of the Magistrates, and the Spirit of the People, the Indians were prevented from committing any Acts of Violence, yet some of them (who are most under the Influence of Thos. Bosomworth and his Wife) returnd home with Dispositions no ways favourable to the Province. The Trustees therefore take the Liberty of offering it to his Consideration, whether the Removal of Mr. Abraham Bosomworth from being one of the Agents for distributing the Presents in Georgia, may not be the most effectual Method for undeceiving the Indians with Respect to the Interest of Thomas Bosomworth and his Wife, by which only These insinuated to them the Presents were obtaind from his Majesty, and consequently for weakening that Personal Influence They have over some of the Indians, which They make Use of only for their own Emolument, and the Prejudice of the Province.

His Grace will be pleasd to observe, that the coming down of the Indians to Savannah, the entertaining them there, and providing another Interpreter in Order to undeceive and quiet them, was attended with a considerable Expence as such an Expence will accrue every Year, whether the Indians come to Savanah for his Majestys Presents, or these are sent up into the Country to them; The Trustees beg Leave to offer it, to his Graces Consideration, whether it may not be proper to signify, that the Sum of Two hundred pounds, part of the 1500 allotted for the Presents to the Indians in Georgia, should be paid into the Hands of the Trustees to answer such Expence, the Trustees not being able to make it good out of the Grants of Parliament.


Harman Verelst to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, March 3, 1749/50, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 18, telling of packages sent to Ebenezer. By the Neptune, Capt. Ambrose Judd.

Revd. Sir

Besides the Bundle Mr. [Friedrich Michael] Zeigenhagen brought me to forward with this to you, I have sent by the same Conveyance a Chest from Hambrough markd H.P.B. Ebenezer containing Religious Books and some Medicines for the Saltzburghers.


Benjamin Martyn to the President and Assistants in Ga., May 3, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 18-21, concerning mail received, representation of Georgians on the proposed Negro Act, type land to be granted, Parliamentary silk encouragement, and changes in land tenure. By the Neptune, Capt. Judd.

Sir & Gentlemen

On the 10th of April last, I recd the Box directed to me, in which were the Representation relating to the Negro Act, a Letter to me, another to the Accomptant, a Return of the Boats and Vessels in Georgia, and other Papers as mentioned in the Schedule; And the same day I laid them before a Common Countil of the Trustees.42

The Common Council, having taken into Consideration the Representation about the Negro Act, agreed to the Proposal in the first Article, vizt. that white Servants may be either indented, or hired for a Year certain. They likewise agreed to the Proposal in the second Article vizt. That Coopers shall not be understood to be under the Denomination of Artificers. In the 6th. Article, they have inserted a Penalty of 10 Sterling to be paid by any Person who shall oblige, or even suffer his Negro to work on the Lords Day. They have agreed to the Alteration in the 7th. Article vizt. That 500 Mulberry Trees shall be planted and properly fencd on every Plantation of 500 Acres, and the same Proportion in less Grants, and have likewise agreed to the Tax you have proposd in the 8th. Article. The Act upon the several Regulations proposd is preparing in Order to be laid before his Majesty in Council, and no Time will be lost in forwarding the same.

The Common Council observd, that among the Reasons given, why 500 Mulberry Trees only should be requird on 500 Acres, and the same Proportion on less, it is said that Tracts of Land are or may be taken up on low Swamps and other wet Places, which tho proper for the Culture of Rice, will not suffer Mulberry Trees to grow on them. They could not but wonder at this Remark in the Representation, because they orderd, and have always expected that every Lot of Land should have a Mixture of high and low Lands, and as it was the Duty of the Surveyor to observe this, it was the Interest of every Grantee to desire it, because he must otherwise be confind perhaps to the Culture of one Produce only.

I acquainted you in my Letter dated Novr. 24, 1749 with the Prohibition of importing Raw Silk from Spain and all the States of Italy, publishd by their several Sovereigns and Governments, and with the great Demand of fine Raw Silk for our Manufactures in England. I told you at the same time, I believd the Merchants would petition the Parliament for the Encouragement of the Culture of raw Silk in America. They did so in the last Session, and Specimens of the small Quantities imported from Georgia and South Carolina were producd to the Committee of the House of Commons (appointed to enquire into the same) some of it raw as imported, and some manufacturd into Velvets, Damasks, Sattins, and other Goods; And the Merchants, Throwsters, and Weavers, who attended, allowd the Silk to be as fine and good as any imported from Italy, from whence the finest Sort (which is most wanted) is usually brought. Upon these Proofs the House of Commons voted the Utility of cultivating Silk in America, and the Parliament passd an Act to take off the duty from it. Some of these Acts will be transmitted to you with this Letter, one or two of which must be deliverd to Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius, and the rest dispersed among the People of the Province, Those especially who are applying themselves to the Culture of Silk (tho all must be acquainted with it) because they may see the Necessity of their attesting before the proper Magistrate that the Silk was producd by them, expressing in the Affidavit in what Part of the Province they reside. The Act requires the Collector, Comptroller, and Naval Officer, or any two of them, to send a Certificate under their Hands and Seals, expressing the Marks, Number, Tale, and Weight of the raw Silk in each Bale, Parcel, or other Package, shippd on board any Ship with the Names, Place or Places of Abode of such Exporter or Exporters. As therefore no Collector or Comptroller of the Customs is yet appointed in Georgia (for want indeed of Trade to have made them necessary) such Certificates must be signd by you Sir, or one of the Bailiffs of Savanah, and the Naval Officer, till a Collector and Comptroller are established.

It is hoped, and thought probably, that the Parliament may hereafter grant a Bounty, to be paid for a certain Number of Years, upon your Silk, if they see any likelihood of the Produce becoming considerable. You see by all this what a Field there is for yours and the Peoples Industry to sow in, and what an harvest you must reap, if you wont be wanting to your Selves. The Trustees expect you should immediately acquaint the People throughout the Province with this, that they may immediately proceed (as you must exhort them) to the first Step necessary, which is, increasing the Plantations of Mulberry Trees, and properly fencing them; And whatever Progress is made by any of the People in doing this, you must by the first Opportunity acquaint the Trustees with, that they may have it in their Power to lay before the House of Commons early in the next Session; And whatever Assistance you can give to the People in procuring them Mulberry Plants, the Trustees expect you should. At the same time, Those, who do at present raise any Cocoons, and reel the Silk, you must advise to apply themselves principally to the finest Sort, as the Bounty may probably be given according to the Value of the Silk. I cannot conclude upon this head without telling you, that the importance of raising Silk in Georgia appeard so great to the House of Commons, that it was mentiond as the principal Reason for granting the Money in the last Session for the Support of the Colony. Your very Being therefore, as a seperate and independent Province, depends chiefly (I had almost said solely) on the Progress made in this Produce, and the necessary Proofs of it being laid before the Parliament.

For the Satisfaction of the People you must as soon as possible communicate to them throughout the Province the following Resolution of the Common Council of the Trustees That the Tenures of all Grants of Land whatsoever already made to any Persons within the Province of Georgia be enlarged, and extended to an absolute Inheritance, And that all future Grants of Land also shall be of an absolute Inheritance to the Grantees, their Heirs, and Assigns. Proper Deeds are preparing for freeing the Grants from those Restrictions, which have been hitherto throught requisite. The only Return which the Trustees desire from the People is, a proper Attention to their own Interest.


Benjamin Martyn to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, May 3, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 21-23, concerning Parliamentary silk encouragement, Negro Act, changes in land tenure, German servants, and silk worm eggs. By the Neptune, Capt. Judd.

Sir

I cannot omit the first Opportunity acquainting you with what I know will give you very great Pleasure, and will at the same time give the People under your Care fresh Spirit in the Culture of Silk, by increasing their Plantations of Mulberry Trees, and raising more Cocoons, and the Women applying themselves more generally to acquire the Art of reeling Silk. I told you in my Letter dated Novr. 24, 1749, that many eminent Merchants, and Weavers had Thoughts of petitioning the Parliament to encourage the cultivating of Silk in America, from an Experience of the fineness and Goodness of that raised by the Saltzburghers, and others in Georgia, and some raisd in South Carolina. They did petition accordingly, and Specimens of the Silk imported from Georgia and Carolina (the finest of which was allowd to be equally good from both Provinces) were produced to the Parliament, some of it raw as imported, and some manufacturd into Velvets, Damasks, Sattins, and other Goods; And the Merchants, Throwsters, and Weavers, who attended on that Occasion, allowd the finest Sort to be as fine and good as any imported from Spain or Italy. Upon the Proofs of this the Parliament voted the Utility of cultivating Silk in America, and passd an Act to take off the Duty upon it; One of these Acts will be deliverd to you by the President & Assistants, because you will see by it, that an Oath must be made before a proper Magistrate, that the Silk produced by the Saltzburghers, was cultivated from time to time by them, and at Ebenezer; And it must be put in a Bale or other Package, with a particular Mark, and Account of the Quantity, and then delivered to the President, to be properly certified by him, and the Naval Officer. It is not improbable, but the Parliament may hereafter go further, and grant a Bounty to be paid for a certain Number of Years, upon your Silk; If they do, it will be granted in all likelihood according to the Value of the Silk; And consequently it will be proper for the Reelers to apply themselves chiefly to the finest Sort. There is a great Demand for this for our Manufactures in England, the Pope, and the several Princes and States of Italy having prohibited the Exportation of any raw Silk out of their Dominions.

The Trustees are pleasd to find you are satisfied with the several Regulations, on which the Act for permitting the Use of Negroes in Georgia is to be formd.

The People may be satisfied, that the Trustees have the Prosperity of the Province constantly in their View, and only hope in Return that the People will have it in theirs also. That these may not have the least Thing to complain of, the Trustees have resolvd to enlarge all the Tenures of Lands already made to an absolute Inheritance, and that all the future Grants shall be in the same manner; And proper Deeds are preparing to free the Grants from those Conditions, which were necessary in the Infancy of the Colony, and could not properly be taken off during the War.

The Trustees have been in hopes of hearing from you how many of the German Servants, who were sent last Summer, were taken at Ebenezer, and indented to the Saltzburghers there, and whether any who were not Servants settled there. They hope I shall soon receive a Letter from you with regard to this, and with an Account of the Progress made by your Settlement in the Culture of the Silk. Some Eggs which were bringing from Italy, in Order to be sent to Georgia, unfortunately are all lost, by the Worms being hatchd in the Voyage, but another Parcel will I hope be procurd.


Harman Verelst to the President and Assistants in Ga., May 9, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 23, concerning Indian presents. By the Neptune, Capt. Judd.

Sir and Gentlemen

Your Letter to me with the List of Goods for Indian Presents sent in the Box directed to the Secretary was recd the 10th. of last Month, which List will be a Guidance to me in the future Presents; But none has been sent since the first, by reason that Mr. James Crokatt, the new Agent for Carolina, on representing to the Duke of Bedford, that less Value in Presents would do, and the rest to be reserved for the Charges attending the Indians, and the Distribution of the Presents, put a Stop thereto, until a new Consideration was had thereupon, which will not be till about July next; The Ministry being of Opinion, that the Province of Carolina should defray the Charges of the Indians and Distribution of the Presents, since the King sends the Goods, but Georgia is not in a Condition to bear that Expence, having no Provincial Funds for that purpose, which has been and will be further represented to the Ministry.


Harman Verelst to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, May 9, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 24, sending packet. By the Neptune, Capt. Judd.

Sir

On the 10th. of last Month I recd your Letter dated 4th. January 1749, which I laid before the Trustees; And their Secretary having wrote you fully, I refer you to his Letter. Mr. [Friedrich Michael] Zeigenhagen having brought me the Packet herewith sent you, I have the Pleasure of forwarding it, with my good Wishes to you and the People of Ebenezer, who are blessed and will be, with Success in their industrious Undertakings, under the Protection of that Divine Providence in whom They trust.


Benjamin Martyn to the Rev. Samuel Urlsperger, June 16, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 24-25, concerning Swiss who desire to go to Ga., arrival of German servants in Ga., and changes in land tenure.

Sir

I have recd the favour of yours dated April the 17th. 1750, which I have laid before the Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia, together with a Petition in Latin from John Weber, Leontius Schmidlinus, and others, dated Basil April 8th.

It was with the utmost Concern and Compassion, the Trustees read the unfortunate Case of the Petitioners, and they wish they were able to grant ample Relief to all such as are forcd to quit their Country, to fly from Persecution, and who suffer for the Truth. But what you observd from the Foreign Gazette is really true, the Power of the Trustees is circumscribd by the Smallness of the Parliaments Grant to them; However, what they are able, they are very ready to do; And as the Number of the Petitioners does not much exceed forty, if these can find any Friends who will bear the Expence of their Passage to England, the Trustees will find means of carrying them to Georgia, and will immediately give to each of the Heads of Families fifty Acres of good Land, at, or near Ebenezer, and will give them and their Wives Provision for a Year, with Tools for their Labour, and what is usually given to other Settlers. At the same time they will recommend to Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius, to find out Masters among the Saltzburghers for those who are under the age of 21, and fit for Service; And at the Expiration of their Service (which will be in proportion to the Distance they are at from Mans Estate, but none will be bound for less time than four Years) They will grant to each of the Males fifty Acres of land likewise, as near as conveniently can be to their Fathers.

The Trustees hope they shall have as early Notice as possible of the time, when the Petitioners will probably arrive in England, that they may without Delay provide a convenient Passage for them to Georgia.

I have the Pleasure, Sir, to acquaint you, that the Trustees have very lately recd Advice from Mr. Bolzius, of the safe Arrival of the Germans, who were sent to Georgia last Autumn, many of whom they have taken as Servants; Some of these Mr. Bolzius speaks of with Pleasure, and of One in particular, who proves very useful, as a Schoolmaster in their Out Settlements.

I inclose with this one of our Papers, printed by Authority, in which you will see some Resolutions which the Trustees have lately taken, with Regard to the Tenure of Lands in Georgia, which must make every Possessor of them perfectly easy.


Benjamin Martyn to Richard Nevil Aldworth, June 15, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 26-27, concerning expences of Indian Relations.

Sir

In pursuance of His Majestys Command signified by you the 14th. of July last from his Grace the Duke of Bedford, referring to the Trustees the inclosed Letters and Papers from Col. [Alexander] Heron, relating to the Indian Account, and the Expence of the Boatmen &c.; That they might transmit the same, to be inspected and examined by their Agents in Georgia.

The Trustees did without Loss of time transmit Copies of the said Letters and Papers to Georgia, with proper Instructions for that Inspection and Examination; And having lately recd a Return thereto, the Particulars whereof are hereunto annexd, it thereby appears; That the Stores and Provisions Lieut. Col. Heron found at Midsummer 1747, did belong to His Majesty, or the Trustees, and that the Provisions he recd since, were all at the Governments Expence; And the whole were more than sufficient to defray all the Expence of the Frontier of Georgia during his Command at Frederica, there being a Remain when his Command ceased; And therefore that nothing is due to Lt. Col. Heron for the same, as appears also by a short State from the said Return inclosed.

But I am directed upon this Occasion to desire you to represent to his Grace the Duke of Bedford, that the Expences attending this Examination amount to 38.12.10 1/2 as by the annexed Particulars; And that Mr. Griffith Williams, who had been the Storekeeper at Frederica, having been obliged to return from South Carolina, whither he was gone to imbark for England, and detained three Months upon his own Expence on this Examination, which could not have been perfected without him, the Trustees do think that he is intitled to a Reward of 50.

And to represent likewise, that the Trustees have been obliged to pay 158,15.1 for Charges attending the Indians coming down to Savannah, To receive the Presents sent them by his Majesty in the Year 1748, for which no Reserve was made to answer the Expence thereof; All which amounting to 247.7.11 1/2, the Trustees desire his Grace to lay the same before their Excellencies the Lords Justices, for their Order of Reimbursement.


Benjamin Martyn to William Stephens, July 16, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 27, relieving him of his offices as Secretary and President. By the Charming Martha, Capt. John Lesslie.

Sir

The Remembrance which the Trustees have of your former Services, and of the Exactness of your Correspondence, has led them to believe, that the late Omissions with Regard to this, and the Execution of their Orders, have been owing to your Age & Infirmities, which must make the Fatigue of the Offices of President, and Secretary within the Province, too great for you. From this Consideration, and the Necessity there is of having a ready Obedience paid to their Orders, a vigorous Execution of them, and punctual Accounts of them transmitted from time to time. They have resolved to relieve you entirely from the said Fatigue, and have appointed Mr. James Habersham to succeed you as Secretary. The Trustees have likewise appointed Mr, Henry Parker Vice President of the Province, who is intrusted solely with the Execution of the Office of President, with the Title of Vice President; They reserve to you however the Title of President, in Order to preserve your Respect, and the Salary of 80 a Year, to secure you a proper Support.


Benjamin Martyn to Patrick Graham, July 16, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 28, informing him of his appointment to distribute Indian presents. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Sir

The Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia having from a Consideration of the Age, and Infirmities of Wm. Stephens Esqr. resolved to relieve him from the Fatigue of acting as Agent in distributing the Presents sent by his Majesty to the Indians, in Conjunction with a Person appointed by the Govr. & Council of South Carolina; And They having receivd Proofs of your Diligence, Care, and Activity, in acting as Deputy to him, They have appointed you Agent for distributing the said Presents in his Stead.


Benjamin Martyn to James Fraser, July 16, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 28, informing him of his appointment as a Conservator of the Peace for Augusta. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Sir

The Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia have appointed You a Conservator to keep the Peace in the Town of Augusta, and the Precincts thereof. The Appointment under the Trust Seal is sent over, and will be delived, or sent to you by Mr. Henry Parker, Vice President of the Province; And the Trustees have no Doubt from the character which They have recd of you from the President and Assistants, but you will deserve that Confidence, which They place in You.


Benjamin Martyn to Noble Jones, July 16, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 29, informing him of his appointment as an Assistant. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Sir

The Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia have appointed you an Assistant in, and for the Province; And They hope that by your Care, and Attention to the Welfare of it, you will shew that They have not misplacd their Confidence, which They repose in you. The Appointment under the Trust Seal is now sent over.


Benjamin Martyn to Vice President Henry Parker of Ga., July 14, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 29-39, concerning his service as an Assistant and Vice President, instructions, Salzburgers sent to Ga., uchee lands north of Ebenezer, Yamacraw lands, lands claimed by Thomas Bosomworth, vacant lots at Savannah, Orphan House, method of laying out lands, sale of Trustee cattle and horses, Salzburger industry and servants, change in land tenure, resurvey of lands, list of lots and holders, list of discharged soldiers settled in Ga., suspension of Samuel Marcer as Assistant, operation of Town Court of Savannah, appointments of officials, repairs of lighthouse, displacement of Peter Joubert as schoolmaster, silk encouragement and Elizabeth Anderson, assembly of people to meet, Indian trade, James Habersham appointed Secretary, four Frenchmen sent to Ga., James Woolford comes to Ga., estimate of Ga. expenses. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Sir

I recd your Letter dated March 9th. 1749 by the hands of Mr. Griffith Williams June the 15th, and the same day I laid it before the Trustees, Who, to shew you They have a Regard to your past Services, have resolvd to give you the Sum of 100.- Sterl. in Consideration of the Trouble you have had in acting for the President, on Account of his Age and Infirmities. The Trustees had in great part ascribd to these the Neglect of their Orders and Correspondences lately, and had therefore, before the Receipt of your Letter, resolvd to continue him President (as to the Title only) with a Salary of 80 p Ann., but to supersede him as to the Execution of the Office, and likewise of the Offices of Secretary, and Commissioner for licensing the Indian Traders &c. At the same time, the Trustees having conceivd a good Opinion of your Prudence, Integrity, and Resolution, both from what they observd and heard of you, appointed You Vice President of the Province with a Salary of 50 p Ann. which together with your Salary and Allowance as first Bailiff, will They hope enable you to attend to the Publick Service, and at the same time to carry on the Improvements of your Plantation. The Trustees have no Doubt but you will support the Character and Duty of this Office of Vice President, with a proper Spirit and Application, and will see that all their Orders and Regulations are duly and strictly carried into Execution; For, as I said before, they have of late been much neglected, to the Trustees great Dissatisfaction.

You will receive by this Ship Instructions for your Conduct in general as Vice President, and will receive others by a Ship which will sail some time in next Month; And whatever further Instructions the Trustees may have to send you, they will be signified to you by me, as Secretary.

The Trustees expect you will take Care that Courts of Assistants are regularly held on a stated Day, at least once every Month, as the first Monday, or Tuesday, or-; And that publick Notice shall be given of such day, that the Inhabitants in every Part of the Province may know at what time to apply themselves to you on any Account without being disappointed; They also expect that full Minutes shall be taken, and kept of all your Proceedings, and sent over directed to me as Secretary (and Duplicates by other Ships) as often as Opportunities shall offer.

The Trustees send over by this Ship 61 Saltzburghers. Of these 24 (8 of whom are Men) pay their own Passage; And 37 (13 of whom are Men) go at the Trust Expence. As soon as they arrive, they must be sent to Ebenezer, and the Surveyor must be sent thither, in Order to lay out the Lots for those Men, who go at their own Expence, in such Places as Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius and they shall chuse. Those, who are sent at the Trust Expence, have signd a Contract to enter into Service (of the Saltzburghers they desire, and the Trustees intend) and as they are to have as usual one day out of six to work on their own Lots, These must be laid out as contiguous to their Masters, as conveniently can be.

I have often acquainted the President and Assistants, and particularly by Letters dated Janry-2d-1748/9 and Janry. 17th. 1749/30 that the Trustees directed them to sue their utmost Endeavours to engage the Uchee Indians to give up to the Trust the Lands lying a little above Ebenezer, in Order to be added to that Township. It seems the Indians do not inhabit, nor make Use of the said Lands, and these are become more necessary, as the Settlement of Ebenezer is so greatly increasing, for, besides the 61 Saltzburghers sent by this Ship, the Trustees have recd Petitions from Swisserland from many distressd Protestants to be sent thither likewise. Upon this Account, the Trustees expect, and doubt not but, you will take Care, that no Time be lost in engaging those Indians, in a Friendly Way, to give up the said Lands, and this will be best accomplishd the first time any Presents are deliverd to them, and some extraordinary may be given them on that Account.

I likewise acquainted the President and Assistants in my Letter dated July 7th. 1749, that the Trustees directed them to inquire, whether any of the Yamacraw Indians are in Being, & whether (if there are) They have not abandond that Tract of Land lying near to the River Savannah, which They formerly inhabited, or if they would be inclind to surrender it to the Trustees. The Trustees have recd no Information about this. It appears that the Indians are ready to surrender this Land, for it is Part of that which Mr. Thomas Bosomworth pretends They have granted to him, Upon this Occasion. They must be told, that Bosomworth, as a Subject of his Majestys, cannot hold any Lands under such Grant, or under any, but what is made by those who have a proper Authority from his Majesty so to do, and Those are the Trustees; And that Bosomworth is liable to be punishd for accepting any such Grants. The Indians may be askd, the first time any Presents are deliverd to them, whether They chuse to give up this Land, and the Islands (claimd by Bosomworth) to the King, or to Bosomworth? If they declare the first, the Trustees recommend it to you to have it done in the most publick manner, that it may be generally known; And in this Case, some extraordinary Presents may be given to those Indians also, if you see Occasion.

The Trustees think it absolutely necessary, that the Surveyor should make a Survey of this Land, and the Islands, and all other Lands claimd by Bosomworth, under the beforementioned pretended Grants, and, as soon as he can, make a Report, signd by him, of the Number of Acres they severally contain; Which Report you must transmit by the first Opportunity to the Trustees.

The Trustees want also to be informd what Lots at Savannah granted under the Trust Grant to Thomas Christie, Joseph Hughes and William Calvert, are vacant, and how long they have been so, what is become of the former Possessors of them, and whether any Relations or Assigns of these have lately claimd them or whether they are not forfeited to the Trust, and what Condition these are in, and the Buildings on them.

The Trustees recommend it to you, to inquire into the State of the Orphan House, and acquaint them with the Number of Children therein, their Ages, their Names, and how they are taken Care of, and employed.

The Trustees recommend it to you, that Care be taken, that in all the future Grants, and Settlements, which shall be made, these should be as contiguous as conveniently can be to those already made, that the Inhabitants may extend themselves gradually, and not be dispersd, it being necessary for mutual Protection, as well as Assistance, that they should be near one another; And this is become more necessary since Negroes are introducd. They also recommend it to you, that every Man should, if possible, have a Mixture of high and low Lands, at least that some part of it should be such as he can raise the proper Number of Mulberry Trees on, which he will be required by the Negro Law to do.

The Trustees have heard some time, that the Stock of Cattle at the Cowpen is sold to Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius for the Use of the Saltzburghers; They find this confirmd by the Proceedings of the President and Assistants, which came in the Box sent by the Nancy Captain White, and which I recd three days ago. They perceive there is a Dispute whether the Sum paid for the Cattle should be 400. or 350. St. As the Trustees think the Industry of the Saltzburghers deserves all the Encouragement They can give, They direct you and the Assistants to accept the last Sum of 350.

The Trustees have also heard, that the Houses, Mares, and Foals &c. belonging to the Trust, were to be sold at Auction; They expect to hear by the first Opportunity what the Produce of the Sale was, and that it is properly accounted for.

The Trustees approve of the giving to Mr. Bolzius from the Storehouse at Savannah the Iron, which lay there, in Order for his building another Saw Mill. They have resolvd to give him also the Sum of 20 Sterl. towards the Repairs of his House; And in Order to defray the Expences of supporting a large Family of the Germans, sent over by Capt. Bogg, whom no Body would take as Servants; The Trustees allow of his Application of the Sum of 18 Sterl. recd by him, for the Redemption of the Servitude of three of the German Servants. Mr. Bolzius is not to pay for the Iron.

I acquainted the President and Assistants in my Letter to them, dated May 3d. 1750, that the Trustees had resolvd to free the Grants of Land from the several Restrictions in them, and that all the Grants should be of an absolute Inheritance. This Resolution has been published several times in the London Gazettes, some of which are now sent over, in Order to be stuck up in the most publick Places in Savannah, and dispersd about in the Towns and principal Settlements of the Province. The Release of the Grants from the Restrictions, under the Trust Seal, is likewise sent over, which must be immediately registerd in the proper Office, and lye open for the Inspection of the Inhabitants of the Province. Notice must also be given to all the Landholders, that Each of these should, as soon as conveniently he can, give to you and the Assistants in Writing, the Date of his former Grant, with a Description of the Lands, containing the Number of Acres, the Part of the Province where they lye, and how they are bounded; Which Accounts must be sent to the Trustees, as soon as you can, after they are deliverd to you, that new Grants may be made out; under the Seal, upon this last Resolution, containing the several Descriptions of the Lands, in Order to ascertain the Peoples Property in them. A limited Day must be namd for their giving in the Descriptions of their Lands, and, when all are deliverd, the Surveyor must make a general Survey, and compare such Descriptions with the Places describd upon the Spot, to prevent Confusions which might arise by Incroachments one might make on another; And on a Report from you and the Assistants of the Surveyors Services herein, he will be considerd by the Trustees for the same.

In my Letter dated Janry. 7th. 1749/50, to the President and Assistants, there was the following Paragraph, vizt. There is another Point on which the Trustees have long desird explicit Accots. from you, as they are expected from them by the Auditor of the Plantations. You have sent over by the last Conveyance a List of the Inhabitants, and an account where they are settled; But this List is defective, as you have not always put down to each Inhabitant the Quantity of Land possessd by them, or the time when they first occupied their Lots; Nor have you taken Notice what Lots, which were granted, are become vacant, or when they became so. You must therefore without Loss of time amend the List by supplying these Defects. This Account Sir, the Trustees now expect from your Care and Diligence will be soon transmitted to them. Before I quit this Article, I must acquaint you, that the Trustees being attentive to every Thing, which may give a perfect Satisfaction to the Inhabitants, have resolvd to petition his Majesty, when he returns to England, that the Quit Rents may be reduced from four to two Shillings for every 100 Acres.

The Trustees have been at a Loss to know how many of the Soldiers (who receivd the Kings Bounty of 5. each man, at the disbanding of the Regiment, on Condition they chose to stay in the Colony) have continud in it, where they are settled, and how they go on in their Improvements. The President and Assistants were directed by a Letter form me dated Janry. 2d. 1748, and by another Janry. 7th. 1749/50, to transmit a list of them by the first Opportunity. And this was more immediately necessary, because a Sum being granted by Parliament for the Maintenance of such Soldiers, and their Wives and Children for a Year, it was incumbent on the Trustees, and still continues so, to lay such a List before the proper Officers. This is another Point, in which the Trustees expect your Care and Diligence, in transmitting such a List, and of their Wives and Children, and an Account in what part of the Colony they are settled.

The Trustees find by the Proceedings of the President and Assistants, that on the 21st. of April 1750, Mr. Samuel Marcer was suspended from acting as an Assistant, by a Letter from the President, written by the Advice of the other Assistants for obstructing the publick Business, and for his contemptuous Behaviour. The Trustees think they should have been more explicit on this Occasion, and should have specified in what Instances, and in what manner be misbehavd himself. This They require you now to do, and that the Charge against him by given to him, and that he be told he must give in his Answer thereto as soon as possible; And this with the Charge must be transmitted to them by the first Opportunity. In the mean time, They confirm the Suspension of him from acting as an Assistant; And They have likewise suspended him from acting as a Bailiff, till he has cleard himself from the Accusation. Upon this Occasion, the Trustees recommend it to you, to attend the Town Courts your Self, that there may be always two Bailiffs on the Bench when any Judicial Business is to be done. They hope that Justice is properly and regularly administerd, but are surprisd, that they have not for some Time recd any Accounts of the Proceedings of the Town Courts, the keeping and transmitting of which is part of the Business of the Recorder. The Trustees expect you will let them know, without any Partiality, how Mr. [Charles] Watson executes this Office.

The Trustees having heard a good Character of Mr. Noble Jones, have appointed him an Assistant, and the Appointment of him as such, under the Seal is now sent over, as is likewise the Appointment of Mr. James Fraser for a Conservator of the Peace at Augusta.

The Trustees have likewise appointed Mr. Patrick Graham Agent for distributing his Majestys Presents to the Indians in Georgia, in the Room of Mr. [William] Stephens.

The Trustees approve of Mr. John Penroses Appointment for Pilot at Tybee in the Room of David Cunningham, as he was so generally complaind of. They are sorry to hear the Lighthouse is in so bad a Condition. Repairs in time might have prevented its being so, and the Trustees think this might have been done out of the Sum of 350 annually allowed in the Estimate for incidental Expences; Or, if the Expence of repairing it would have been too great to have been taken out of this, an Estimate of it should have been sent to them for their Orders. The Trustees expect you and the Assistants will use all possible Methods for supporting it, and send them an Account of the Disbursements upon this Account, and what may be further necessary to be done, and an Estimate of the Expence it will come to.

The Trustees approve of the President and Assistants displacing Mr. Peter Joubert from being Schoolmaster at Savanah, on Account of his Neglect and Drunkenness, for which he was complaind of by Mr. [Bartholomew] Zouberbuhler.

I have not recd one Letter from Mr. Zouberbuhler since he went from hence last Year, which the Trustees are not a little surprisd at.

In all my Letters of some Years past, I have acquainted the President and Assistants with the Trustees great Attention to the Culture of Silk. The Parliament, and indeed the Nation have now an Expectation of this Produce becoming considerable in Georgia; The Trustees therefore hope you will exert your Self in promoting it as much as lies in your Power. Eight Copper Basons are sent over by this Ship, and 16 more will be sent by another next month. There must be distributed among such as shall be found most ready and inclined to make Use of them; And on the first Notice from you that more will be wanted, they will immediately be sent. Mrs. [Elizabeth] Anderson in particular must be supplied with what Basons She wants. The Trustees hear She lives in a small House, and but badly accommodated; You must therefore provide her a larger Habitation, and such Accomodations and Materials as are necessary for feeding of Silk worms, reeling of Silk, and instructing other Women, the Expence of which you must acquaint them with. She must be encouragd to instruct as many Women (whether white or black) as She can, in the Art of reeling, and the Trustees think it very proper that the Orphan Girls should attend her in the reeling time, in Order to be instructed. These will be intitled to the same Reward of 2 Sterl. each, which the Trustees have resolved to continue till Midsummer 1751 to each Woman, who shall acquire the said Art; And upon certifying the Services of Mrs. Anderson, and the Number of Women properly instructed by her from time to time, the Trustees will reward her accordingly, with which She must be acquainted. The Trustees expect you will inform them by the first Opportunity, whether She has yet instructed any Women, and if She has, the Names of them, and where They reside, and whether they have recd the Allowance of 2 Sterl. each for learning the said Art. In the mean time, if it shall appear to you and the Assistants, that She has been ready to instruct the People, and has been of Service in reeling of Silk, the Trustees direct you to give her, at your Discretion, a Sum not exceeding 20 Sterling as an Encouragement to her to persevere in her Industry.

The Trustees send over by this Ship the Appointment of an Assembly of the People to be held at the most leisure time before Lady Day next, such time to be settled by your Self as Vice President. The Constitution must be laid before the Assembly at their first Meeting by you, and the sooner they do meet the better, as whatever comes from the Assembly will carry the greater Weight. Tho the Appointment is only for this Year, it is designd by the Trustees for an Annual Assembly, if the Event of the Experiment be answerable to their Hopes. They have for some time intended such an Assembly upon the Establishment of a Peace, for many Reasons, and one has been lately offerd by the People themselves, vizt. Their Desire of preserving the Province, a separate and independent one. This you will easily see must be the probable Consequence of having an Assembly, if it is properly conducted.

As the Trustees have appointed You Commissioner for licensing the Indian Traders, They expect you will let them know from time to time what Numbers there are of those who trade in Georgia, and whether They take out their Licences duly at Savanah. Nothing will more readily conduce to the Prosperity of the Province than bringing Ships directly to Savanah, and they will soon come thither, when sure of Cargoes ready to be put on board; As therefore there are many Reasons to think the Traders would bring their Skins thither, if they could lodge them with Security from the Weather, and from Theft, the Trustees think it might be proper to have a publick Warehouse erected for this purpose at a convenient Place near the Wharf, where the Traders or Merchants might lodge their Skins, first putting a proper Mark on them to denote their Property, and paying for Warehouse Room what shall be judgd reasonable (which might be proposd by the Assembly) in proportion to the Number of their Skins and so likewise for the Weight or Quantity of other Goods; Such Payments to be as low as possible and ascertaind, and a Table thereof hung up at the Warehouse Door, and a Penalty to be affixed upon the Officer, who shall demand more, and such Payments to be applied to the Maintenance of the Warehouse Keeper, and Repairs of the Warehouse. The Trustees direct you and the Assistants to take this into Consideration, and to send over to them by the first Opportunity, what you think should be the proper Dimensions of such a Warehouse, and an Estimate of the Expence of building it. At the same time, if there are any Merchants, who are desirous of having Warehouses of their own, you must assign them the most convenient Spots you can, without incroaching on the publick One. As the Storehouse is of little or no Use at present, the Trustees think this may be usd as a Warehouse for Skins, but perhaps it may be too distant from the Wharf for heavy Goods.

The Trustees have appointed Mr. James Habersham, Secretary within the Province, with a Salary of 50 p Ann., in the Room of Mr. [William] Stephens. They hope that You and He, and all the Assistants will be careful and active in the Execution of these, and all their future Orders.

The Trustees send over by this Ship four French Men. vitz. Anthony Pages who has a Wife and Son aged 9 Years; Anthony le Sage, who has a Wife, Leonard Bodel, and Anthony Isaac le Bon. They must each of them have a Gun, and as two of them particularly understand the Culture of Silk, and the others are inclind to it, their Lots of 50 Acres each must be laid out contiguous to each other, and their Lands must be such as will be most proper for Mulberry Trees and Vines. These are all to have Provisions for twelve Months.

James Wool ford, who served eight Years in the Colony as a Servant to Mr. [William] Francis, is sent over with his Wife. His Lot must be laid out contiguous to Franciss, and enlargd to 50 Acres. He is likewise to have a Gun, and, as he speaks the Indian Language, the Trustees would have you grant him a Licence for trading with the Indians.

You will receive by a Ship, that will sail some time in next month, an Estimate of all the Expences, which the Trustees intend to defray. In the mean time, as the Cattle at the Cowpen are disposd of, the Cowpenkeeper is struck out of the Estimate, as is likewise the publick Gardiner at Savanah; And so are the publick Midwife, and two Constables at Frederica, and the two Pilots at Jekyll, for the Trustees are informd there are few or no Persons now left at St. Simons.


Benjamin Martyn to James Habersham, July 18, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 39-40, appointment as Secretary, Harris and Habersham, silk culture, boat and runaway servants, confidence expressed in Habersham and Henry Parker, and more Germans for Ebenezer. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Sir

The Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia have superseded Mr. [William] Stephens from the Office of Secretary, on Account of his great Age and Infirmities, to which They ascribe the late almost total Neglect of the Correspondence; And as They have appointed Mr. Henry Parker Vice President of the Province. They have appointed you Secretary with a Salary of 50 p Ann; And your Appointment is sent over by this Ship. You are besides continued an Assistant.

The Instructions for your Conduct are sent over with your Appointment, and you will receive the Trustees farther Orders from time to time, signified to you by me as Secretary; To whom They would have you direct your Letters, in Order to avoid that Confusion which must arise from a Variety of Correspondents. The Trustees are assurd that They can depend on your Punctuality in Writing, and in Order to make the Correspondence more certain, They recommend it to you to find out a proper Person at Charles Town, to whose Care all the Letters and Packets to and from Georgia may be committed, for they have great Reason to believe that at least proper Care and Diligence have not hitherto been usd by their Agent employd there. When you have found such a Person (which the Trustees fancy you will, by your Connexions with Merchants and others at Charles Town, be soon able to do) you will send his Name, and some Account of him, that the Trustees may consider what Stipend They shall allow him.

The Trustees are glad to find by your Letter to the Accountant dated May 17th. 1750,43 you and your Partner Mr. [Francis] Harris have such a commodious Wharf at Savanah, and such a Demand for Lumber and the Produces of Georgia. They are extreamly pleasd with what you say, that the Colony seems to thrive apace. Good Examples have a great Influence, and Habits of Virtue, and Industry may be as easily got, as Habits of Vice and Laziness, and they are strengthend and preservd by Peoples finding the Sweets of them. The Trustees hope that the great Demand for Lumber, and for Indigo at present, will not make the Inhabitants unattentive to what should be their principal Object. vizt. the Culture of Silk, which may be carried on at the same time, and which will never fail to find a Market, when the others may; They hope therefore you will upon all Occasions, and by all the Means you can, exhort and encourage the Inhabitants to be active in the planting of Mulberry Trees, and Culture of Silk.

The Trustees have read and considered not only what you say about the ten Oard Boat, and the Runaway Servants, but what appears in the Proceedings of the President and Assistants relating thereto, and They have laid the whole before the Duke of Bedford Secretary of State.

I have written the Trustees Orders fully to Mr. [Henry] Parker the Vice President, and as I have not time to enlarge to you, the Letters being just going. I must refer you to his Letter; But I cannot conclude without saying, the Trustees have a great Confidence in both of you, and They dont doubt but by his and your Attention to their Orders, and your Care and Spirit in executing them, you will merit this Confidence; And, by so doing, may soon see the Province in a flourishing Condition. At the same time, if there is any Thing which either of you can suggest to the Trustees, as necessary to be done for the Benefit of the Province, They expect you will, and you will always find in them the utmost Readiness to do what shall appear reasonable, and may be in their Power.

[P.S.] I believe you may soon expect another Imbarkation of German Protestants to be settled at Ebenezer.


Benjamin Martyn to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, July 18, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 41-43, concerning German servants and settlers sent, sale of cattle to Salzburgers, gift of iron for sawmill at Ebenezer, gifts to Bolzius, change in land tenure, and assembly of the people. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Sir

The Trustees are concernd to find by your Letter to the Accountant dated Febry. 15th. 1749,44 that you have had so much Trouble with some of the Servants, who were sent to you by Captain Bogg. Those People have made a very ungrateful Return to the Trustees for their Charity in taking such Care of them, & relieving them from begging about the Streets in London, to which they were in a manner reducd. The Trustees want to know how many of them deserted your Settlement, and how many others have from time to time, and, if you can learn, in what Part of South Carolina they are, and how they are subsisted and settled.

There are sent by this Ship 61 Protestants, who came from Germany at their own Expence, with a Desire to be settled at Ebenezer. They had all of them intended to pay their Passage to Georgia, but finding They had not Money sufficient, 37 have petitioned the Trustees to send them, and have enterd into a Contract of Servitude for Terms of Years, which Contract is sent over with them. The other 24 go at their own Expence, and Orders are sent for the Surveyor to lay out the Lots of the Men among these immediately, where You and They shall agree, and the Lots of those who are Servants, as near to the Masters, who shall take them, as conveniently can be, that they may work one day in six on their own Lands.

The Trustees are informd by the President and Assistants, as They were by you, that you have purchasd the Cattle at the Cowpen. The President and Assistants say, you at last agreed to pay the Sum of 400 St. in several Payments at different times, and that the last is to be of 50. at Lady Day 1753. The Trustees have always been ready to give all the Encouragement in their Power to the Industry of the Saltzburghers, and are willing to do so now, and have therefore resolvd to release you and them from the said last Payment of 50 at Lady Day 1753, but hope, in Consideration of this, you will find Means to make the other Payments sooner.

As a farther Encouragement, the Trustees have resolvd to give the Saltzburghers the Iron, which was deliverd you from the Storehouse by the President and Assistants upon your Application to them, in Order for your building another Saw Mill, and which you had agreed to pay for.

The Trustees have likewise resolvd to give you the Sum of 20 Sterl. towards the Repairs of your House, with which I have acquainted Mr. Henry Parker, who is made Vice President of the Province, Mr. [William] Stephens being superseded from acting as President, on Account of his Age and Infirmities; And in Order to defray your Expences of supporting a Family of the Germans sent over last Year by Capt. Bogg, whom in your Letter of Febry. the 15th. you say, No Body would take as Servants. The Trustees allow of your Application of the Sum of 18 Sterl. received by you, for Redemption of the Servitude of three Servants sent by Captn. Bogg.

I acquainted you in my Letter dated May 3d. 1750, that the Trustees had resolvd to enlarge all the Tenures of Lands in Georgia to an absolute Inheritance. A Release for this purpose is now sent over to the Vice President and the Assistants. It will be necessary upon this Occasion for each Inhabitant of your Settlement to give to you the Date of his former Grant, with a Description of his Lands, containing the Number of Acres, where they lye, and how they are bounded, and his Christian and Sir name; And when these Accounts are deliverd to you, you or Mr. [John Ludwig] Meyer, must deliver them to the Vice President and Assistants, who will transmit them to the Trustees, who will immediately make out separate Grants, under their Seal, upon this last Resolution of an absolute Inheritance, and containing the several Descriptions of the Lands, in Order to ascertain each Inhabitants Property in them.

The Trustees send to the Vice President by this Conveyance, the Appointment of an Assembly of the People, to be held at Savanah some time before Lady Day next, such Time to be namd by the Vice President. This Assembly is to have the Power of proposing and representing to the Trustees, what shall appear to be for the Benefit of any particular Settlement, and the Province in general. The Town of Ebenezer are impowerd to send two Deputies to it, and it is to be hopd you can find two proper Ones, who understand the English Language. As this is designd by the Trustees for a Foundation for an Annual Assembly to be constituted hereafter, you see Sir, the Necessity there is of the Saltzburghers in general applying themselves to learn the English Language, which upon many other Accounts would be highly serviceable to them.

[P.S.] You may soon expect another Imbarkation of Protestants, who have fled from Persecution at Lucerne.


Harman Verelst to John Ludwig Meyer, July 20, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 43, informing him of medicines and utensils sent. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Sir

The Trustees having allowed you the Medicines & Untensils in the List you sent over, with your Letter of the 21st. of October last, the same come to you in a Box by this Conveyance, in which is an Invoice of their Particulars.


Harman Verelst to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, July 20, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 43, forwarding a chest from Samuel Urlsperger. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Revd. Sir

Mr. Albinus giving me Notice that Mr. [Samuel] Urlesperger had sent a Chest for Ebenezer, which was deliverd into the Kings Warehouse last Month from Hambro and markd EE. I took the first Opportunity of forwarding it by this Conveyance, and hope it will come safe.


Harman Verelst to the Vice President and Assistants in Ga., July 20, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 44, concerning Lt. Col. Alexander Herons accounts, German servants sent, Frenchmen sent, James Woolford and Mary Gibbs to Ga., Germans sent, and sola bills and parcels sent. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Sir and Gentlemen

The Returns the President and You made to the Examination of the Accounts, transmitted by his Majestys Order, which Lt. Col. [Alexander] Heron had sent to England, prove very satisfactory; The Trustees have laid them before the Duke of Bedford, and recommended Mr. Griffith Williamss Service therein.

By this Ship 37 Germans, whereof some are in Families, are sent as Servants to Ebenezer, and you herewith receive the Contract they signed, and they have an English and German Copy thereof.

The Trustees have also sent over four French Men, who are to be settled together in some convenient Place, two of them understand the Production of Raw Silk, their Names and Families are. vizt. Anthony Pages, Margaret, his Wife, and Michael Lucas his Wifes Son. Anthony Le Sage, and Jane his Wife. Leonard Bodel, and Anthony Isaac Le Bon. There are two Bundles of Working Tools for their Use markd GxC. French, and They are to be allowed Subsistance for one Year from their Arrival.

James Wool ford, late a Servant in Georgia, returns by this Ship with his Wife Sarah he lately married; And Mary Gibbs comes over to her Father & Brothers in Georgia.

There are 24 Germans who pay their own Passage, and to the Men of whom, beside the French, 50 Acres of Land are to be granted to each, and there is a Cask and 3 Bundles of Working Tools for the said Germans markd GxC Germans, which the Trustees give them; But they are not to be allowed Subsistance in Georgia by the Trustees.

There is also on board a Case containing 8 Copper Basons for the Use of the Silk Reelers, to be distributed to those who can use them, as Occasion shall require, a Box directed for Mr. [John Ludwig] Meyer at Ebenezer, a Chest markd EE for Ebenezer, and a Box directed to You and the Assistants containing 400 in Sola Bills in 3 Books. vizt. Two of 1- each No. 14301 to 14500 and 1 of 5- each No. 2211 to 2250., to be issued under your Directions for defraying the Trustees estimated Expences in Georgia; For all which, with the Parcels of Working Tools, a Bill of Lading is sent to Mr. James Habersham, the Trustees Secretary, to whom they are consignd.


Benjamin Martyn to Richard Nevil Aldworth, July 26, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 45, concerning boat for troops stationed in Ga.

Sir

His Grace the Duke of Bedford having been pleasd by Letters, dated August 4th. 1749, to signify to his Excellency James Glen Esqr. Govr. of the Province of South Carolina, and to Lieut. Col. [Alexander] Heron, his Majestys Pleasure that a Boat, Coxswain, and ten Men should be stationd in Georgia for the Use of the Detachments from the South Carolina Companies, and to carry the Provisions from Frederica to the several Stations; And that the said Boat, Coxswain, and ten Men should be under the Directions of the Trustees, agreably to an Estimate of the Annual Expence thereof, sent with the said Letters; And that Govr. Glen should conform himself to the Trustees Applications, and Lieut. Col. Heron to their Directions therein.

I am now commanded by the Trustees, to desire you will acquaint his Grace, that, on the 7th. of January 1748, They gave Directions, that two of the Assistants in Georgia should attend on the disbanding of the Regiment, and take an Inventory of what Boats and Vessels were in the Southern Part of the Province belonging to his Majesty, and to appoint a proper Person to take Care of them.

The Trustees have recd a Letter from the President & Assistants in Georgia, with an Inventory of the said Boats, and were thereby acquainted, that the Boat Prince George, which was deliverd by Lieut. Col. Heron, for the Use of the Detachments in Georgia, had only Eight of the ten Men, orderd by his Majesty, employd therein; and that the said Boat was too small to answer the intended Service, whereas the Hanover Boat, which Lieut. Col. Heron took with him to Charles Town, and which lies useless there, is capable of performing the Service much better and the Coxswain and ten Men, orderd by his Majesty, will be sufficient to man the same.

I shall inclose herewith an Extract of the said Letter, and Copy of the said Inventory, for his Grace the Duke of Bedfords Perusal; And the Trustees beg his Graces Directions to Govr. Glen, and Lieut. Col. Heron, that the Hanover Boat may be deliverd to the Order of the President and Assistants in Georgia, for the Uses specified in his Graces Letters.


Harman Verelst to Capt. George Cadogan at Augusta, Aug. 15, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 46-47, concerning proposed church at Augusta, change in land tenure, and assembly of people in Ga. By Pickering Robinson on the Stephen and Mary, Capt. Wm. Paine.

Sir

The Petition signd by your Self and Messrs. John Rae, James Fraser, James Campbell, and David Douglass, dated April 12th. 1750,45 with the Plan of the Church built at Augusta, has been laid before the Trustees for Georgia who were extreamly pleasd to see such a Regard for Religion, as is shewn by the Petitioners, and the Inhabitants of Augusta. The Trustees have taken the first Opportunity of applying to the Society for propagating the Gospel, for a Missionary to be appointed at that Place; And as his Grace, the Arch Bishop of Caterbury has assurd Mr. [James] Vernon, that he will himself lay the Petition before the Society, and recommend it to them, the Trustees think you may reasonably promise your Selves Success in it.

The Trustees have resolvd to grant the Ground for the Church, and a sufficient Quantity for a Church Yard, and likewise 300 Acres of Land to be cultivated for the Support of the Minister there; It will be necessary therefore to have this immediately surveyd and run out, and They hope Mr. James Fraser (whom they have appointed a Conservator of the Peace) will see it performd and acquaint them with it. The Trustees have no doubt but the Inhabitants, who have discoverd so laudable a Zeal, will contribute by the Labour of their Servants to the Cultivation of the Land for the future certain Support of a Minister.

The Trustees have resolvd to give the Petitioners, the Glass for the Windows, the Pulpit Cloth, and Sacramental Ornaments, as They have requested, and will send them over, under the Care of the Missionary.

The Trustees have sent to Georgia a Release (under the Seal) of all the Grants of Land from the several Restrictions in them; And to give all the Satisfaction in their Power to the Inhabitants, and Encouragement for their Industry, They have sent over an Appointment for an Assembly to be held at Savanah at the most leisure time between Michaelmas and Lady Day, such Time to be namd by Mr. Henry Parker, who is now made Vice President of the Province. This Assembly is authorisd, to propose, debate, and represent to the Trustees, what may appear to be for the Benefit not only of the particular Settlements, but of the Province in general. The Town of Augusta is impowered to send two Deputies to this Assembly; The Trustees therefore desire you will apprise the Inhabitants of Augusta of this appointment, that They may have as early Notice of it as possible, tho They will hear of it from the Vice President.


Harman Verelst to James Habersham, Aug. 15, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 47, sending copper basons for silk reelers. By the George Town, Capt. Crosthwaite.

Sir

Please to acquaint Mr. Vice President [Henry] Parker that by this Conveyance only 8 of the 16 Copper Basons, mentioned in the Secretarys Letter to him, are sent for the Use of the Silk Reel, in Georgia, and the other 8 shall come by the next Opportunity that offers.

[P.S.] The Case with them will be forwarded to you by Mr. Wm. Hopton from Charles Town, to whom it is consignd.


Benjamin Martyn to the Vice President and Assistants in Ga., Aug. 15, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 47-49, concerning the assembly of the people, change in land tenure, act allowing Negroes in Ga., general survey of Ga. to be made, and Pickering Robinson comes over. By Pickering Robinson on the Stephen and Mary, Capt. Wm. Paine.

Sir & Gentlemen

You will receive by this Conveyance the Copy of an Appointment for an Assembly to be held at a proper time between Lady Day and Michaelmas next. The Original, under the Trust Seal, was sent over by the Charming Martha, as were the Release of the grants from the several Conditions in them, and Letters with full Instructions from the Trustees on may Points of Consequence; Which They hope you will receive long before this comes to your Hands, as that Ship has saild above these three Weeks.

The Act for permitting the Introduction and Use of Negroes is prepard and will be laid before his Majesty in Council, as soon as he arrives in England. There is but little Variation in it from the Proposals signd by your Selves, and other Inhabitants of the Province; With Regard however to the Duty of 15s p Head at the Importation, I must acquaint You, that this is thought proper to be laid on the Negroes of twelve Years of Age and upwards, already in the Province as well as those which shall hereafter be brought into it, because it is but just, that those, which have been introducd contrary to Law, should be subject to pay at least the same, as those which will be introducd under the Law. There is another material Alteration in the Act. vizt. The Importation of Negroes is only allowd to be made at Savanah, for which there are many Reasons, and One in particular, because there are no Magistrates now in the Southern Part of the Province to see and take Care that the Quarentine, when necessary, shall be duly performd. In Consequence of this, one Lazaretto only will be wanted. vizt. That on the West Side of Tibee Island. Every Captain or Master of a Ship, who shall land any Negroes in any other Part of the Province, or shall land them at all before his Ship is visited, and a Certificate of Health is obtaind, will be liable to a Penalty of 500. Sterling, and a Forfeiture of his Negroes so landed. The Trustees hope and expect, that you will act with Spirit in the Execution of this Law, when sent over to you, and in seeing every Article of it strictly performd, as the Restrictions in it are calculated so evidently for the Welfare of the Province; And in the mean time, before the Act is transmitted to you, as the Inhabitants are generally apprisd of the several Articles in it, the Trustees hope you will recommend to them their conforming themselves thereto.

The Trustees send over by this Ship an Appointment for Mr. [James] Habersham, and Mr. Pickering Robinson (who is now embarking for the Colony) to inquire into, and report to them as soon as conveniently can be, the State of the several Settlements, and of the Colony in general; And to inquire what has been done, and by whom, in the Culture of Silk, and to promote this in the most effectual manner, for which Mr. Robinson is qualified, having attaind the Knowledge of it in France, and carrying over with him a considerable Quantity of Silk Worm Seed, which he is to distribute among those, who have Mulberry Trees for feeding the Worms, and have Conveniences for taking Care of them, and can reel off the Silk. In this, and the visiting and inquiring into the State of the Settlements, the Trustees expect you will give him all the Assistance in your Power; If Mr. Habersham cannot accompany Mr. Robinson in this Inquiry, the Trustees empower and direct him to recommend a proper Person in his Stead, to be approvd of by you; And as they have a good Opinion of Mr. Noble Jones, who must be well acquainted with every Part of the Province, They think he may be a proper One for this Purpose; And on your Report to them of his Performance of the Work, and what you think he may deserve for his Trouble, the Trustees will take it into Consideration; In the mean time, the Expence of travelling on this Account, which need not be great, must be defrayd by you.


Benjamin Martyn to James Habersham, Aug. 15, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 49-50, concerning a general survey of Ga., silk culture, and knowledge of Pickering Robinson about silk culture. By Pickering Robinson on the Stephen & Mary, Capt. Wm. Paine.

Sir

The Trustees have joind you with Mr. Pickering Robinson (who is now embarking for Georgia) in an Appointment to inquire into, and report to them, the State of the several Settlements, and of the Province in general, and to inquire what has been done by particular Persons, and whom, in the Culture of Silk, and to promote this in the most effectual manner. As he is a young Gentleman, They have joind you with him, because They are sensible They can depend on your Care and Judgment, and They wish your Business may permit you to accompany him in visiting the different Parts and Settlements in the Province; But if it will not, You must recommend to the Vice President and Assistants, another Person in your Stead, on whose Care You think You can rely; And as Mr. Noble Jones is well acquainted with the Colony, and the Trustees have a good Opinion of him, They think he may be a proper Person for this Purpose. The Expence of travelling upon this Account will be defrayd by the Vice President and Assistants, and on their Report of the Performance of this Work, and their Opinion what it may deserve, the Trustees will reward the said Person for his Trouble. In the mean time, it is absolutely necessary this Inquiry should be made as soon as possible, that the Trustees may have it in their Power to lay the State of the Colony, before the Government, in the next Session of Parliament.

Mr. Robinson has been in France, and has attaind a Knowledge of the Culture of Silk in every Branch of it; And he carries over with him a considerable Quantity of Silk Worm Seed; He may be very usefull therefore in this Produce; Which the Trustees have so much at heart; But being an absolute Stranger to Every One in the Province, he will want Assistance and Advice, how he may do the most Service herein, which the Trustees hope & expect you will give him, and that the Vice President & Assistants will do the same.


Harman Verelst to the Vice President and Assistants in Ga., Aug. 16, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 51-54, concerning sola bills sent, Trustees accounts with Ga. officials, and Trustees estimated expenses in Ga. By Pickering Robinson on the Stephen and Mary, Capt. Wm. Paine.

Sir & Gentlemen

By this Conveyance you receive 1,000. in the Trustees Sola Bills of Exchange in six Books, whereof five are Letter A of 1.-.- each No. 14,501 to No. 15,000. and one Letter C of 5. each No. 2,251 to No. 2,350. Which are filld up to Henry Parker Esqr. Patrick Graham, and James Habersham, or any two of them to issue; Mr. [William] Stephenss Name being left out by reason of his great Age and Incapacity.

The Trustees hope you are now fully supplied, and will have no Occasion to be in Arrear, But that They may be satisfied of the Application of the Sums They have paid here for Cash recd. for their Use in Georgia, as well as of the Sums in their Sola Bills which They have sent since the last Accompt of them from Georgia They recd, being for the half Year ending at Michaelmas 1747, as also be answered to the two following Articles arisen before Michas. 1747 which do not appear to have been Accoted. for to them. They have sent you the following Charge to be examined into and accounted for within the Expences They estimated. vizt.




And there is also 350 payable by Installments, received and receivable from the Reverend Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius and others at Ebenezer, for the black Cattle at the late Cowpen, which is to be applied towards defraying the Trustees estimated Expences in Georgia, which now are as follows vizt.

a Year

To the President of the whole Province

80.-.-

To the Vice President

50.-.-

To the 3 Assistants (the 2d & 3d Bailiffs being no longer Assistatns) 20 a Year each

60.-.-

To an Assistant for the Affairs of Ebenezer

20.-.-

To the Clerk to them

5.-.-

To the Secretary of the Trustees within the Province

50.-.-

To his Clerk

25.-.-

To the 1st. Bailiff of Savannah at 30. a Year, and for the Maintenance and Clothing of two Servants for him at 12:3:4 a Year each

54. 6.8

To the 2d. Bailiff there at 20 a Year, and for the Maintenance and Clothing of two Servants for him at 12:3:4 a Year each

44. 6.8

To the 3d. Bailiff there, the same

44. 6.8

To the Recorder of the Town Court at Savannah at 20 a Year, his Clerk at 20 a Year, and for the Maintenance and Clothing of one Servant at 12:3:4 a Year

52. 3.4

To two Constables at Savannah at 10 a Year each.

20.-.-

To a Schoolmaster there at 10 a Year, & in Consideration of teaching all Children sent him without any other Expence for them 10 more

20.-.-

To the Parish Clerk there

5.-.-

To the Publick Midwife there (besides 5s p Laying)

5.-.-

For the Maintenance and Clothing of two Servants for cultivating 300d Acres of Land for the Residing Minister at Savannah at 12:3:4 a Year each

24. 6.8

To the said residing Minister (besides what the Incorporated Society allows him as Missionary

50.-.-

To the Schoolmaster at Vernonburgh and Acton

12.-.-

To the Pilot at Tybee 40 a Year* and for one Hand and Provisions not exceeding 10. a year

50.-.-

To the Register of the Province (when appointed)

20.-.-

For Relief of the Sick and Poor in the whole Province (including some occasional Relief to the Widow Vanderplank when wanted) not exceeding

50.-.-

For a Surgeon and Apothecary to dispense the Medicines

20.-.-

For a Clerk for keeping the Accounts in Georgia

40.-.-

And to William Spencer the 2d. Bailiff, in Consideration of his having acted as an Assistant (which is not longer required of him) during his continuing 2d. Bailiff.

10.-.-
811.10.-
Besides which, to such Tythingmen at Savannah as are employed in whose Tythings are ten Families or upwards, 5. a Year each, not exceeding nine, being the last Number which appeard to be employed in the Year 1747.

But as to every other Expence of paying the Bounty on Silk Balls or Cocoons lately orderd, the Purchase of the different Sorts of Silk when wound, and the incident Charges not particularly provided for, Care must be taken to defray the same in a satis factory and judicious Manner, having due Regard to the Payment of what relates to the Production of Silk in the first Place, and being as sparing in all other Instances as possible, letting only the Necessity of the Service be the Guide.


Harman Verelst to the Vice President and Assistants in Ga., Oct. 16, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 54-55, concerning Edward Holt, stores in Kings magazine, boat for troops in Ga., and items sent to Ga. By the Loyal Judith, Capt. James Cowie.

Sir & Gentlemen

Your Letter and Accompts by the Mary Snow Captain Pearson came safe to hand, and will, receive due Consideration; In the mean time, the Behaviour of the Schoolmaster Mr. [Edward] Holt, being so much complaind of, in Case it continues so, the best Method will be to send him and his Wife back to England, to provide for themselves here.

As to the Stores in the Kings Magazine, and Mr. [William] Abbotts Application for Payment for his Case of them, the Trustees have no Occasion for any Stores of their own, nor to be at any Expence of keeping them. It is therefore most prudent to dispose of them and satisfy Mr. Abbott what is reasonable thereout for the time he will have had the Care of them, previous to the Sale, and state a particular Account thereof distinguishing if it is possible, which of them may be judged to belong to the Trustees, and which of them to his Majesty, separating the Values of each Property, and paying Mr. Abbott for his Care proportionably out of each.

The Duke of Bedford having wrote to Govr. [James] Glen and Lt. Col. [Alexander] Heron to deliver to your Order the Hanover Boat for the Uses of the Detachments from the South Carolina Companies, and to carry Provisions from Frederica to the several Stations; And sent his Letters under Fly Seals to the Trustees; Herewith you receive the said Letters to send for the said Boat by, and Copies of them for your Perusal.

Govr. Glen certified [Daniel] Demetres Boat Service from the 30th. of May 1749 to the 2d of September foll. which was refused Payment, and you was every prudent in not concerning your Selves with that time of Service, which is a proper Consideration here; But your certifying for the time Demetre serves in Georgia what is justly due to him will receive due Honour.

By this Conveyance you will receive a Case with the remaining eight Copper Basons, for the Use of the Silk Manufacture; And there is also a Chest for Ebenezer markd H.P. Bolz. to be forwarded there. Both which are consigned to Mr. Wm. Hopton at Charles Town, a Copy of which Bill of Lading is sent to the Trustees Secretary Mr. [James] Habersham.


Harman Verelst to Capt. George Cadogan, Oct. 26, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 55-56, concerning proposed church at Augusta. By the Loyal Judith, Capt. Cowie.

Sir

His Grace the Arch Bishop of Canterbury having laid the Trustees Memorial, with the Petition from Augusta and the Plan of the Church, before the Society for propagating the Gospel in Foreign Parts, for a Missionary to be appointed at Augusta, the said Memorial is referrd to a Committee for Consideration; And it is expected will have a favourable Report, on Condition that the Inhabitants do build a House for the Minister, and by Subscription amongst themselves allow him Twenty pounds Sterling a Year, in Addition to what the Society shall allow; In Order to encourage a worthy Clergyman to go over for this good Purpose.

Which Conditions, by this Opportunity offering, I acquaint You of in the mean time.


Harman Verelst to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, Oct. 26, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 56, concerning silk sent, silk bounty, accounts, and items sent from Germany. By the Loyal Judith, Capt. Cowie.

Sir

Your Letter of the 14th. of June last, and the Silk by Captain Pearson came safe to hand; But Mr. [Samuel] Lloyd being out of Town, your Observations will be considerd on his Return.

Your Distinction of deserving and undeserving the Bounty for encouraging the raising Silk is very judicious, and when the Trustees meet next will be duly weighd, that the same Measure may be dealt to all.

Your Accounts and Vouchers were sent to the Trustees, and this Method of your having Money upon Account, and discharging it by Payments vouched, entirely prevents your former Necessity of drawing Bills on England.

By this Conveyance you will receive a Chest from Hambro with Books and Medicines for Ebenezer, markd H.P. Bolz, which, I hope will come safe to hand.


Harman Verelst to the Rev. Bartholomew Zouberbuhler, Oct. 26, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 56-57, concerning Edward Holt, payment of salary and maintenance of servants, and services in Savannah church. By the Loyal Judith, Capt. Cowie.

Sir

The Trustees recd your Letter about Mr. [Edward] Holt the Schoolmaster, and are sorry he proves contrary to the Recommendation of him, and of theirs and Mr. [Thomas] Boughtons Expectations. On this Occasion the Vice President and Assistants are wrote to, that in Case he continues the like Behaviour, to send him and his Wife back to England to provide for themselves here.

I am sorry your Salary and Maintenance of the Servants for the Cultivation of the Land set apart for the Minister was not paid, as it became due, notwithstanding the Directions given for it by the Trustees; and as before the Receipt of this a large Supply of Sola Bills will be recd in Georgia, you are desired to apply for and receive your future Salary and Maintenance of Servants from the Issuers of the Trustees Sola Bills.

The Bill you drew for 43:5:- due to you the 25th. of June last is duly honoured, but as it is contrary to the Trustees Method of Payment, they will by the next Conveyance enforce their former Directions at the first Meeting of the Trustees, when the late Letters from Georgia by Captain Pearson will be taken into Consideration.

It is a great Pleasure to hear that Divine Service is performed in the Church at Savannah.


Benjamin Martyn to the Vice President and Assistants in Ga., Oct. 26, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 57-59, concerning troubles with the Upper Creeks and Mary Bosomworth, annexing Ga. to S. C., method of answering Trustees letters, encouragement of silk culture, and mail received and needed. By the Loyal Judith, Capt. Cowie.

Sir and Gentlemen

The Box by Captn. Pearson has been recd, and the several Letters and Papers in it laid before the Trustees; As They are always attentive to the Welfare of the Colony, They have without Loss of Time laid a Copy of the Letter to me dated July 29th. 1750, signd by Messieurs [William] Stephens, [William] Spencer and [James] Habersham, relating to Mrs. [Mary] Bosomworths Journey to the Upper Creek Indians, and also the Representation signd by the Magistrates and several of the Inhabitants about the stragling Indians, before his Grace the Duke of Bedford, Principal Secretary of State; And They question not but some vigorous Measures will be taken to free his Majestys Subjects in the Province from their Apprehensions on Account of these Indians. In the mean time They hope, and doubt not but, you will be watchful for the Security of the Province, and in Case of Necessity, you will immediately apply to the Governor of South Carolina, that the Independent Companies stationed there may march to your Assistance.

The Representation against annexing the Province of Georgia to that of South Carolina will be duly considered; But as the Trustees think such a Representation from a regular Assembly will carry still more Weight, and as They wait with Impatience to hear the Assembly has met, and to see the good Effects of it, They will postpone till then, any Application on this Account, especially as They have Reason to believe, no Steps will be taken by the Government here, for some Time at least, for annexing the Province to that of South Carolina, as apprehended; And They are of Opinion, that when the Province is seen to be in a flourishing Condition, and the Culture of Silk particularly goes on with Success, no such Steps will be taken at all, but Georgia will continue a separate Province.

The Trustees are pleasd to find by your Letter to me dated the 19th. of July last, that you are got into a regular Method of Corresponding, and answering all my Letters Paragraph by Paragraph, And They hope you will continue to do so, for by this means They can more clearly see, how their Orders are carried from time to time into Execution, and what may be farther necessary for the Welfare of the Province.

The Trustees are sorry to find, what you say in that Letter, and what indeed They have long apprehended, that sufficient Industry has not been used in planting, nor Care taken in fencing and preserving the Mulberry Trees; However, They receive great Pleasure from the Assurances you give them, that you will use your utmost Endeavour to promote the planting, and properly fencing in all the Plantations, as They do likewise, from seeing in the Representations signd by such a Number of the Inhabitants dated the 7th. of July last, that they are sensible of the great Benefits which must accrue to themselves and the Publick from the Culture of Silk, and that they are convincd that this can be carried on, and the Art of winding it acquird by every Person, with great Facility, and that it will become the earnest Attention, and general Care of all the Inhabitants; You may assure your Selves and them, that nothing will be wanting here to encourage it. What you say in the said Letter, that as Bounties are designd as special Incitements to Industry in the Produces proposd to be raisd, it is necessary that they should be punctually paid, is undoubtedly true; And the Trustees are sorry to find, you have not been able to do this. But that such a Misfortune may not happen again, They will by the first Opportunity send over a sufficient Sum in Sola Bills, to be appropriated for this Service only. Eight more Copper Basons are sent by this Conveyance, and on the first Intimation from you, what farther Number will be wanted, They will be immediately sent, to be distributed among those who shall be disposed and ready to make Use of them.

The Trustees are pleasd to see, you have sent them Informations about several Things which They wanted to know, and about which I wrote to you the 14th. of July last, and particularly the List of the Disbanded Soldiers who took up Lands, the Number of Negroes in the Province, the Accounts to Michas 1749, and Copies of the Records of the Town Court to the 21st. of February 1748/9, the Deficiencies from that Time They hope will be soon supplied. What farther Directions there are in that Letter of July 14th. and in those Letters which were sent in August last by Mr. Pickering Robinson that are not performd, the Trustees recommend to your Observance and Care, and especially the transmitting to them the Trust Accounts to Michas. 1750, as soon as these can properly be made up.


Benjamin Martyn to Richard Nevil Aldworth, Oct. 25, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 59-62, concerning actions of Thomas Bosomworth and Creek Indians.

Sir

On the 10th. of January last, I troubled you with a Letter, by Order of the Trustees for establishing the Colony, and inclosed with it the Copy of a Letter from the President and Assistants in Georgia, relating to the Behaviour of the Revd. Mr. Thomas Bosomworth, which the Trustees thought it their Duty to lay before his Grace the Duke of Bedford.

I acquainted you Sir, in my Letter that this Mr. Bosomworth had been sent as a Missionary to Georgia, and by his Marriage with a Woman, who was Interpreter for the Indians (for which She was constantly well paid) and by her Influence on the Indians, he thought proper; That, under pretended Grants from the Indians, he laid Claims to immense Tracts of Land, independent of his Majestys Rights, and his Charter to the Trustees for granting the same. That upon his Majestys being graciously pleased to grant Presents to the Indians in South Carolina and Georgia, Mr. Bosomworth and his Wife demanded a Moiety of those allotted for the Province of Georgia for their own Use. That, to obtain their Ends, they brought down to Savanah above 70 Indians in an hostile manner under Pretence of meeting and talking there with Mr. Abraham Bosomworth their Brother, one of the Agents appointed for distributing his Majestys Presents, whom the Indians said They had sent to England as their Agent. That during their Stay at Savanah Mr. Thomas Bosomworth and his Wife demanded, that all their extravagant Claims of Land (which are totally inconsistent with his Majestys Charter) should be made good; And that on the Refusal of this, and the Moiety of the Presents, They behaved themselves in a most outrageous Manner, and did their utmost to exasperate the Indians; But by the steady Conduct of the Magistrates, and the Resolution which appeard in the Inhabitants, the Indians were prevented from committing any Acts of Violence, yet they returned home with Dispositions no Ways favourable to his Majestys Subjects in the Province.

Sir, The Trustees were in hopes, that upon Mr. Thos. Bosomworth and his Wife declaring afterwards their Sorrow for their past Conduct, before the Magistrates and their Brother, They would have behaved themselves more Dutifully to his Majestys Government established in the Province; But They now find, by a Letter lately received from the Magistrates, that Mr. Bosomworth and his Wife persist in the same unwarrantable Claim of Lands, and continue in the same mutinous Conduct; And that this Conduct has so dangerous a Tendency, that, if some vigorous Measures are not taken, it may not only be productive of an Indian War, but may be attended with mischievous Consequences still more extensive.

The Trustees therefore think it their Duty to lay a Copy of the said Letter from the Magistrates, and likewise a Copy of a Representation from the Magistrates and several of the Inhabitants, of the great Hardships and Danger they labour under from Parties of the Stragling Indians before his Grace the Duke of Bedford.


Here follows the letter of William Stephens, William Spencer, and James Habersham, dated July 29, 1750, which is printed in CRG, XXVI, pp. 41-43, not including the printed P.S.


Harman Verelst to Harris and Habersham, Oct. 31, 1750, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 62, concerning payment for food for troops in Ga. By the Loyal Judith, Capt. Cowie.

Gentlemen

Your Letter of the 20th. of July last which I recd from Mr. [Samuel?] Lloyds Brother the 4th. instant (Mr. Lloyd being out of Town) was laid before the Committee for Money Affairs of the Georgia Trust yesterday, and the 213.14.10 Value in Provisions supplied the Detachments in Georgia for 52 Weeks to the 23d. of June last, is ordered to be paid Mr. Lloyd for the Commanding Officers Receipts for the same.

The Committee think it very reasonable you should receive immediate Payment for your future Supplies, and hope there will be sufficient of Sola Bills in Georgia to answer them; For which the President and Assistants must send over the Commanding Officers Receipts to England, to shew the Application. But as this is a Service the Trustees desire to have punctually defrayed, as well as performed, if by any Accident you should not receive such Punctuality in Georgia, you may, after the proper Receipts from the Commanding Officers are examined by the President and Assistants, remit such Receipts to your Correspondent in England for Payment here.


Benjamin Martyn to the Vice President and Assistants in Ga., Feb. 14, 1750/1, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 63, sending sola bills for silk expenses, telling of Jonathan Copps appointment as missionary to Augusta, directing land for support of Copp, and sending items for the church at Augusta. By the Charming Nancy, Capt. White.

Sir and Gentlemen

In my Letter to you dated October 26th. I acquainted you that the Trustees would send over by the first Opportunity, a sufficient Sum in Sola Bills to be appropriated for the Payment of the Bounties on the Silk Balls, and the Silk wound from them. This is the first Opportunity the Trustees have had, and They accordingly send You Sola Bills for 400; Of which Bills for 200 are to be send to Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius for him to apply in that manner, and the Bills for the remaining 200 are to be applied by you likewise in Bounties; and what Surpluss may be in your Hands is for other Extraordinaries. Bills likewise for 400. more are sent also by this Ship (the Charming Nancy Capt. White) for the Ordinary Expences of the Colony.

The Society for propagating the Gospel in Foreign Parts have, at the Trustees Request, appointed Mr. Jonathan Copp, a Missionary for the Town of Augusta; And the Trustees have resolved to grant 300 Acres of Land, to be cultivated for Religious Uses for the Town of Augusta; They direct You therefore to give the proper Orders, that the same be set out as soon as conveniently may be, and in the most convenient Place.

The Trustees send over by this Ship some Purple Cloth for the Pulpit and Communion Table, a Silver Cup and Patin, and some Glass Windows for the Church at Augusta, which are consignd to Mr. Habersham, and must be forwarded to Augusta as soon as possible.


Benjamin Martyn to Capt. George Cadogan, John Rae, James Frazer, James Campbell, and Daniel Douglass at Augusta, Feb. 14, 1750/1, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 64-65, concerning appointment of Jonathan Copp as missionary at Augusta and the conditions of his appointment. By the Charming Nancy, Capt. White.

Gentlemen

Your Memorial dated Augusta April the 12th. 1750 to the Trustees, praying, in behalf of your Selves and the other Inhabitants of Augusta, that They would procure from the Society for propagating the Gospel in Foreign Parts, a Missionary for the Town of Augusta, was immediately, on the Receipt thereof, taken into Consideration; And the Trustees prepard a Memorial to the same Purport to the said Society which together with your Petition and the Plan of the Church sent over by you, were laid before them by his Grace the Arch Bishop of Canterbury; In Consequence of which, the Society, at a General Meeting held on the 16th. of last November, came to a Resolution, to appoint Mr. Jonathan Copp (who is ordaind Deacon and Priest by the Bishop of London) such Missionary with a Salary of 50 p Annum, and that his Salary should commence from Michaelmas last, on Condition that a House is provided for him at Augusta, and that a further Sum of20p Ann. be securd to him by Bond from the Inhabitants of Augusta, which the Trustees doubt not but you will take Care shall be made good to him.

The Trustees have resolvd to grant 300 Acres for Religious Uses for the Town of Augusta; And I shall send over by this Conveyance, their Orders to the Vice President & Assistants, that the Surveyor be sent, as soon as conveniently can be, to set the same out; And the Trustees doubt not but the Inhabitants, who are so well disposd will contribute to, and assist in the Cultivation of the same for the future Maintenance of the Minister there.

The Trustees send over likewise by this Ship (the Charming Nancy Capt. White) some Purple Cloth for the Pulpit and Communion Table, a Silver Cup and Patin, and some Glass Windows for the Church, which will be consignd to Mr. James Habersham, who will have Directions to forward them to you at Augusta, as soon as possible.

Mr. Copp, who is appointed the Missionary, has a very good Character, with Regard both to his Morals and his Preaching and the Trustees dont doubt but his Behaviour will be agreable to the Inhabitants, and that They will make his Residence among them agreable to him.

[P.S.] In a letter dated October 26th. 1750 you were acquainted by Mr. Verelst with the Conditions, on which it was expected the Society would appoint the Missionary; Which were, as is mentiond above, that the Inhabitants should build a House for the Minister, and allow him 20 p Ann. in Addition to what the Society should allow.


Benjamin Martyn to James Habersham, Feb. 18, 1750/1, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 65-66, concerning Ga. silk and indigo, Habershams acceptance of the office of Secretary, sola bills sent to pay silk bounty, and items sent for church at Augusta. By the Charming Nancy, Capt. White.

Sir

Your Letter dated Savanah November 2d. 1750 was recd yesterday, and laid before the Trustees this Morning; As it was not forwarded from Charles Town till December the 27th. They are in daily Expectation of more Letters by other Ships, for They are very impatient to know what Steps have been taken about calling the Assembly, and how they proceeded; And also what Progress is likely to be made this year in the Silk, Indigo, and other Produces. As the Approbation, which the Georgia Silk has met with from our Merchants and Manufacturers, has been taken Notice of in many of my Letters; It may not be improper here to assure you also, that the Indigo is highly approvd of. At the Sale of it, twas thought to be little inferior to the French Indigo, and bore a very high Price, as I doubt not you have been informd by Mr. [Samuel] Lloyd. The Trustees hope that these Testimonies of the Goodness of the Produces will animate all the Inhabitants in general to apply themselves with the utmost Industry to the raising them, that Great Britain may soon see and acknowledge the great Utility and Importance of the Province, with Regard to the Quantity as well as the Quality of their Products.

The Trustees were glad to see that you accepted with Pleasure the Office of Secretary within the Province, which They conferrd upon you unaskd, from their Confidence in your Care, and Zeal for the Prosperity of the Province.

I have acquainted the Vice President and Assistants, that Sola Bills for 800.- are sent by this Conveyance, of which 400 are for the ordinary Expences of the Province, and the other 400.- for Premiums on the Silk Balls, and the Silk wound form them, and for Rewards to the young Women who have learnt the Art of winding. Of this last Sum a Moiety is to be immediately paid into the hands of Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius for the Silk Business, and the other Moiety is to be disposd of by the Vice President and Assistants at Savanah in the same manner. If this last is not all wanted at Savanah, and the 200.- to be sent to Mr. Bolzius should not be found sufficient to answer the Demands for Premiums at Ebenezer, Mr. Bolzius must be further supplied out of the Moiety allotted for Savanah. As this Letter is written subsequent to that I wrote to the Vice President and Assistants, you must inform them of the Trustees Directions herein.

The Inhabitants of Augusta having built a Church at their own Expence, the Trustees have procurd from the Society for propagating the Gospel, a Missionary for that Town who will soon embark for the Province. The Trustees send by this Ship some Purple Cloth for the Pulpit and Communion Table, a Silver Cup and Patin, and some Glass Windows for the said Church; They are consignd to you, and the Trustees doubt not but you will see them forwarded by the earliest Opportunity to Augusta.


Harman Verelst to the Vice President and Assistants in Ga., March 5, 1750/1, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 67, sending sola bills for silk bounty. By the Charminig Nancy, Capt. White.

Sir and Gentlemen

The Trustees by this Conveyance have remitted you 800 in their Sola Bills of Exchange, consisting of 4 Books containing 400d. of 1. each Letter A No. 15001 to 15400, and of one Book contg. 80 of 5. each Letter C No. 2351 to 2430. And have directed the Application of them in the following manner. vizt. 400 of them for the Extraordinary Expences of the Colony to Lady Day next, 200 more of them for the Culture of Silk (exclusive of that Service at Ebenezer) and other Extraordinaries ; And the remaining 200 are to be issued to Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius at Ebenezer for the Culture of Silk there, and for which he is to account to the Trustees, and send a Duplicate thereof to you; For the obtaining of which 200 Issue to him, he has the Trustees Orders by this Conveyance.


Harman Verelst to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, March 5, 1750/1, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 67, telling him of sola bills sent for silk bounties. By the Charming Nancy, Capt. White.

Sir

By this Conveyance the Trustees have sent over Sola Bills to the Care of the Vice President and Assistants in Georgia, whereof 200 Value are orderd to be issued by you for defraying the Charges arising by the Culture of Silk at Ebenezer, and for the Application whereof you will please to send the Trustees your Account, and let the Vice President and Assistants have a Duplicate thereof. They transmitted your Account of the Application of the former 200. which was very satisfactory to the Trustees.

This Letter is your Authority to receive the Issue of the 200. in Sola Bills now orderd by the Trustees for the abovementioned Purpose.


Harman Verelst to James Habersham, March 5, 1750/1, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 68, telling of sola bills and other items sent to Ga. By the Charming Nancy, Capt. White.

Sir

I have sent, consignd to Mr. Wm. Hopton of Charles Town by this Conveyance, to be forwarded to you, a small box containing 800 in Sola Bills, to be issued under the Direction of the Vice President and Assistants; with several Letters, which you will take Care of according to their Directions; There is also a Box of Books, with some Purple Cloth and a Silver Cup and Patin therein, and two Boxes of Glass, in Sash Squares, to be forwarded to Augusta for the Use of the Church there, and Mr. [Jonathan] Copp the Missionary appointed for that Place, who goes by this Conveyance.

[P.S.] The small Box is directed to the Vice President and Assistants, and the 3 others are markd G x C No. 1 to 3.


Harman Verelst to Capt. George Cadogan, John Rae, James Frazer, James Campbell, and David Douglass at Augusta, March 5, 1750/1, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 68-69, telling of supplies and books sent for the church at Augusta. By the Charming Nancy, Capt. White.

Gentlemen

Mr. [James] Habersham the Trustees Secretary in Georgia, forwards to you a Box of Books markd G x C No. 3, in which are seven Yards of fine Purple broad Cloth for the Pulpit, and Communion Table, and a Silver Cup and Patin; And also forwards two Boxes of Glass Sash Squares for the Church Windows at Augusta, cut from the Plan you sent over, markd G x C No. 1 & 2. The Number of the Squares are 340 (including 28 spare Ones) and are computed for 32 Squares in each Sash for the 8 Side Windows of the Church, and 56 Squares for the Window at the Altar, whereby the middle part of that Window may be made two Lights higher than the other Windows, taking 40 Squares for that middle part, and one Light of each Side thereof no higher than the Side Windows, taking 8 Squares of a Side of the said middle part; Which middle Square being turnd down with Plaistering to join the two Side Heights will form an handsome Window for that Part of the Church. The Books in the Box No. 3 (besides 16 Common Prayer Books, and 1 Book of West and Lyttelton on the Resurrection, which were deliverd Mr. [Jonathan] Copp, the Missionary appointed for Augusta) are, a large Church Bible, and folio Common Prayer Book, 6 Books of the Importance of a Religious Life considerd, 12 Books calld Faith and Practise of a Church of England Man, 7 Bibles, 13 Duty of Man, 12 Companion for the Sick, 50 Dr. Gouchs shewing how to walk with God, 20 Help and Guide to Christian Families, 6 Common Prayer Books, 12 the young Christian instructed, 11 West and Lyttelton on the Resurrection, 12 Spelling Books, 2 Nelsons Fasts and Festivals, and 1 Christian Pilgrim. The Particulars of which you have this Notice.


Benjamin Martyn to James Habersham, March 8, 1750/1, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 69-71, concerning mail received, vacant lots, silk culture, Habershams journal, and Ebenezer lands. By the Charming Nancy, Capt. White.

Sir

Two days ago I recd the Box (with the several Letters and Papers in it) which You sent by the Friendship Capt. Folger, which I can now only acknowledge the Receipt of by Capt. White, as he is preparing to sail immediately; However You may depend on it, and must assure the Vice President and Assistants, that the Trustees will soon take into Consideration this Proceedings, and the several Letters sent by them and You, that They may send their Orders fully thereon by Capt. Lesslie in the Charming Martha, who will in about three Weeks sail directly for Port Royal.

Among other Things You may expect, I believe, their Directions about the Lots which have become vacant, either by the Death of former Possessors, without their leaving any Heirs to claim them, or by their totaly relinquishing them for Years contrary to the Conditions of their Grants, and some perhaps by their never being occupied from the beginning.

I cannot omit this Opportunity of signifying to you the Satisfaction which the Trustees have in the Reception which you gave Mr. [Pickering] Robinson, and the Vice President, Your Self, and Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius acting so readily in Concert with him. The Trustees hope and doubt not but, this Union will be establishd, and will continue, as it must be the surest Means of promoting effectually the Culture of Silk, which is now becoming the Object of the Publick here, as it has long been a principal One with the Trustees. They are pleasd with the Filature which is erecting at Savannah, and as the Curiosity of the Inhabitants must lead them to see this, and observe the Facility with which They can carry on this Produce at their own Plantations, it is not doubted but the good Examples set by the Magistrates, joind with their Exhortations will bring them at last to know their own Interest. The Trustees will expect with Impatience the Account of this Years Produce. You will therefore take the first Opportunity of sending it, and at the same time some Calculation, or Guess, whereabouts the next Years may probably amount to, which may in some Measure be formd, from the Increase of Mulberry Trees planted, from the Increase of the Silk Worm Seed, and of the Number of People applying themselves thereto. Tho the Silk wound by Mrs. Gautier was not properly done, yet as She did it without any Instruction, and without the proper Implements, it is a great Proof of her Ingenuity, as well as her Industry; The Trustees therefore think you did very well in giving her those Encouragements you did, and whatever further Ones may be necessary to induce her to persevere, the Trustees direct the President and Assistants to give her, because She has set so good an Example to the other Inhabitants.

The Trustees approve of your Method of keeping your Journal, and they are glad to find by your Letter of the 31st. of December last, that They may expect Accounts of the several Ships which have been loaded at Georgia for Eighteen Months past, with the Manifests of their Cargoes; And They hope you will add your Observations on what may have hinderd the introducing more Shipping hitherto, and what may contribute to it for the future.

As the Trustees are sorry to find the Uchee Land turns out so indifferent, contrary to Expectation, and the Reports of it. They are pleasd with the Zeal you have shewn for the Settlement of Ebenezer, and for accommodating the Old Inhabitants there with proper Portions of good Land, They having undoubtedly a prior Right to late Comers; As it is necessary however that these and any future Ones should be as near as possible to Ebenezer, both for Spiritual and Temporal Assistance, whatever good Lands can be found within any tolerable Distance of Ebenezer must be particularly reservd for those Germans, who shall hereafter be inclind to join that Settlement.


Benjamin Martyn to the Vice President and Assistants in Ga., March 11, 1750/1, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 71-72, concerning mail received, presents for Indians, and sending a copy of the treaty of peace with Spain. By the Charming Nancy, Capt. White.

Sir & Gentlemen

As Capt. White in the Charming Nancy is on the Point of Sailing, I can only acknowledge by this the Receipt of the Box, with your Proceedings, Letter and other Papers, by the Friendship Capt. Folger, which was brought to the Office five Days ago. The Trustees will very soon take into Consideration the Matters containd in the several Papers, and then I shall be able to send their Directions fully by Capt. Lesslie in the Charming Martha, who will sail directly for Port Royal in about 3 Weeks. There is One Thing however, about which I must take this Opportunity of sending their Orders, as the Presents for the Indians are going by this Ship. In your Proceedings on the 21st. of July 1750,47 you take Notice of Malatchee and some Indians with him having done a good deal of Mischief to the Plantations of John Millidge and [John] Kays, out of Revenge for thier having, the former especially, publickly discountenancd their Behaviour at Savanah, when they acted in so riotous a Manner; And You submit it to the Trustees, whether it may not be proper to stop, out of their Quota of the next Presents to be given to Malatchee and those Indians, sufficient to make Good the Damage They did. The Trustees are absolutely of Opinion You should not, lest it should exasperate them to do more Mischief; But when the Presents are deliverd to them by the Agent, it will be proper for him to represent to them, that in Case They do any Mischief hereafter to any Inhabitant of the Colony, either in his Person, or Plantations, proper Notice will be taken of it; and those Indians, who shall be guilty, will be distinguishd from the rest by having no Presents given to them.

You receive herewith inclosd a printed Copy of the Treaty concluded at Madrid the 5th. of October last, between Mr. [Benjamin] Keene, his Majestys Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, and his Catholick Majestys Minister Plenipotentiary. This Copy was transmitted to the Trustees by his Grace the Duke of Bedford, his Majestys Principal Secretary of State, with his Majestys Orders that the Treaty should be made publick, and observd throughout the Colony of Georgia, to the End that the Inhabitants may reap the Benefit of his Majestys unwearied Endeavours for procuring them such Commercial Advantages, and avoid giving the least Ground for such Complaint, as may, in any wise, interrupt the good Harmony, so happily establishd between the two Crowns. And this the Trustees expect you will take particular Care of.


Benjamin Martyn to the Vice President and Assistants in Ga., April 18, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 73, concerning land for Capt. Philip Delegal. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Sir and Gentlemen

The Trustees have resolved to grant a Lot of 500d. Acres of Land to Capt. Philip Delegal, and They direct it to be laid out as soon as conveniently can be, and as near as possible to his Son Philip Delegals on the Fork of the little Ogeeche River; Or if there is not a sufficient Quantity of good Land for his Lot at that Place, it must be laid out for him in any other Part He or his Agent commissiond by him may like best, Provided it does not incroach on what is granted to any other Person.


Benjamin Martyn to the Vice President and Assistants in Ga., April 27, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 73-75, concerning refusal of Trustee petition for funds, Trustee belief that funds will be provided, death of the Prince of Wales, Joseph Ottolenghe to go to Ga., and Negro act before Board of Trade. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Sir and Gentlemen

As Capt. Lesslies Ship is fallen down to Gravesend, and a Person is waiting to carry this Letter to be sent by his Ship, I can write you but a few Lines at present; However, I must acquaint you with a late Transaction, lest the hearing of it from others, aggravated by their Conjecturs (especially they being ignorant of what has passd subsequent to it) might make a melancholly Impression on your Selves, and the Inhabitants of the Colony.

The Trustees Petition for a Supply met with a Refusal a few days ago in the Committee of the House of Commons; But this has not in the least disheartend them; On the Contrary, with their accustomd Zeal for the Welfare of the Colony, the Trustees have represented the Importance of it, and the Consequences of neglecting it, in such a Light to the Administration, that They have no doubt of receiving the same Supply which They had last Year, tho it may be granted to them in another Manner; Nay, They have great Reason to believe that this Disappointment will in the End have an happy Effect, in securing more firmly the Independency of the Colony, and the Rights and Properties of the People. These great Ends, I can assure you, the Trustees are incessantly labouring to obtain and secure, and I believe, I shall soon have the Pleasure of sending you an account of their Success. There was a large Meeting of the Trustees at Lord Shaftesburys four days ago, and their Treaty with the Administration for these Purposes is in the fairest Way of succeeding imaginable. They direct me therefore to desire you will not be alarmd your Selves, and will do your utmost to prevent the Inhabitants being so, at any Reports You may hear from any Persons in South Carolina on Account of the Money being refused on the Petition; And that You will not regard the Letters from other Persons here, that may tend to raise any Apprehensions on this Account, as some may probably be sent by Enemies of the Colony, but that You will be assured that their Sentiments are truly conveyd to you in this Letter.

On the 20th. of last Month his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales died of a violent Pleuritick Fever, to the inexpressible and general Grief of the Nation. This was signified to the Trustees, by the Secretary of State, and the Privy Council have sent them an Order for altering the Prayer for the Royal Family in every Part of the Publick Service, a Copy of which Order is herewith transmitted to You, that it may be signified to the several Ministers of the Gospel, who officiate in Georgia, who are to conform themselves thereto.

Mr. Joseph Ottolenghi takes his Passage in the Charming Martha with his Wife and a Servant; He is to reside in Georgia, as a Catechist for instructing the Negroes. He is a very sensible Man, and a serious well disposd Christian, and is much regarded by several Dignitaries of the Church, as well as by the Trustees. He is to have a Salary from the Society for propagating the Gospel, and another from the Associates of Dr. Bray; From his Knowledge, Zeal, and Temper there is great Reason to hope his Labour will not be in vain, and to make this the more effectual, the Trustees desire, and doubt not but, you will countenance and assist him to the utmost of your Power; As he has livd chiefly in a Silk Country, and is not unacquainted with the Culture of it, he may be of great Service in teaching and persuading the Negroes to apply themselves to it with Care.

There is a Proviso in the Act prepared by the Trustees for permitting the Use of Negroes, that the Female Negroes shall be instructed in the Art of reeling. This Act has been presented to the Council, and is still under the Consideration of the Lords of Trade, and the Trustees hope, it will not be long before it is presented, and receives his Majestys Consent.


Harman Verelst to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, April 27, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 75, telling of mill stones and books sent. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Sir

Your Letter of 29th. November last, desiring a pair of Mill Stones 3 feet 6 Inches wide p Diameter, and the Nether Mill Stone 12 Inches, and the Runner 10 Inches thick. They are sent by this Conveyance markd C X C, and are the whitest Sort that could be got; And you will receive a Box of Books Mr. [Friedrich Michael] Zeignehagen desired me to forward to you, which is markd H. Bolzius Ebenezer. Which I hope will come safe to hand.


Benjamin Martyn to the President and Assistants in Ga., July 10, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 76-82, concerning memorial to King on utility of Ga., need of proof that Ga. in a thriving state, actions of Assembly in Ga., Assembly not to enact laws, no equity court to be created, Negro tax, action on Assembly recommendations, Trustees Garden, Indian trade, appointment of officials, Salzburgers to come to Ga., and orders for praying for the royal family. By the Ann & Elizabeth, John Hunt; by the Antelope, Capt. MacClellan.

Sir and Gentlemen

I acquainted you in my Letter dated April the 27th. by the Charming Marth Capt. Lesslie, that the Trustees Petition for a Supply had miscarried in the Committee of the House of Commons; But that this had not slackend their Zeal for the Welfare of the Colony; As a Proof of this, I must now acquaint you, that They have presented a Memorial to his Majesty setting forth the Steps They have taken in establishing it, and the present State of the Province with regard to the Number of the People (some Enemies having propagated with great Industry a Notion that there are very few in it), with regard likewise to the Produces, especially the Silk, and the great Reason there is to expect that this will prove considerable from the Application of the Inhabitants to it; They have set forth also the great Use the Colony has already been of to South Carolina, the great Advantages which may be hopd for from it to the Publick, and the bad Consequences which may attend the neglecting it. This Memorial is now before the Government for their Consideration, and I can assure you, the Trustees neglect no Means nor Time to render it effectual; In the mean while, as you see how great the Industry of the Enemies of Georgia has been to undermine and destroy it, You will see how much depends on the Industry of its Inhabitants on the other hand to support its Being and Credit. It is become therefore absolutely necessary for you to send by the first Opportunity, the strongest and most Authentick Proofs you can, that the Colony is now in a thriving State.

I recd the Box directed to me, and brought by the Laird of of Urie Campbell; And I laid before the Trustees the several Representations of the Assembly, and your Letters, and Mr. [James] Habershams Journal, which were containd therein.

The Trustees are very well satisfied with the Conduct of the Assembly, tho They do not see any immediate Occasion for granting what is desired in two or three of the Representations, as I shall acquaint you in the Progress of this Letter.

The Representation relating to the Reservd Lands, and the Reasons in it against suffering private Persons to purchase these Lands from the Indians appear to the Trustees to have been well considerd; And They direct me to acquaint You, that They are much concernd to find Mr. Thomas Bosomworth persists in so Unnatural, undutiful, and illegal an Attempt, as to enter into Treaties with any Indians for the purchase of Lands within the Bounds of his Majestys Charter, for by the Treaty with the Creek Nation made in the Year 1733, and confirmd and explaind by Another in 1739, it is declard by the Indians, that They will not suffer any Persons whatsoever to settle on the Lands in the Colony, but the Trustees; And therefore They could not treat with any other Person for the Sale of the Reservd Lands; Nor can any Title be made to these but by an Agreement to be made betwixt the Trustees and the Creek Nation in general. The Trustess are glad to find Mr. Patrick Graham is gone up to the Creek Nation with Instructions and full Powers to purchase these Lands with the Presents, which have been sent over; And hope They shall hear he has succeeded; In the mean time, you must immediately give Publick Notice, in the Name of and by Order of the Trustees, that All his Majestys Loving Subjects are cautiond to avoid entering into any Bargains with the Bosomworths for such reservd Lands, that They may not be deceivd by laying out their Money for the Purchase of Lands, to which the Bosomworths have, and can make no Title.

The Trustees have already laid before the Government the two Representations of the Assembly, relating to the Junction of the Province with South Carolina, and relating to the Reduction of the Quit Rents; Which They have backd themselves with the strongest Reasons They could give, and are now expecting the Issue. In the mean time to shew You, They neglect nothing in their Power to preserve the Independency of the Colony, They send over by this Opportunity a Constitution for a perpetual Assembly of the People, the last being only for one Year.

That Part of the Representation relating to the Silk, which mentions the general Application of the Inhabitants to this Produce, gives the Trustees great Pleasure; And they hope this will be perseverd in, it being the surest Foundation the Inhabitants can stand on. The other Part of the Representation, which says, Their Hopes of making Silk a Staple are founded on the Continuance of the Encouragements granted by the Trustees for a certain Number of Years, You must be sensible the Trustees can give no Answer to at this Juncture; But there may be a more proper Time hereafter for such an Application to the Government. In the mean while you must acquaint the Inhabitants, that the strongest Inducement, which can be laid before the Government for their continuing such Encouragements, will be the Progress made in this Produce; For, as this advances, so will the Attention of the Publick to the Utility of the Province, and the Desire of still farther promoting it. It will be absolutely necessary therefore for you to send over as soon as possible a full Account, authenticated in the best Manner you can, of the Silk reeld in the Province this last Season, and at the same Time an Account of the several Persons applying themselves thereto; and from thence, and the Increase of the Mulberry Plantations, the best Calculation you can make of what Silk may be raisd in the next Spring and how this may be increasd from Year to Year.

The Representation of the Assembly, desiring the Power of making By Laws, and that there may be in force till disapprovd of by the Trustees, has been taken into Consideration; And the Trustees direct me to say, that They very much dislike the Proposal, and They cannot see any immediate Occasion for granting such a Power; But on the Assemblys proposing any Laws which may be thought requisite, They know, and may depend on it, that the Trustees will lose no Time in forming and procuring them.

The Trustees have considerd the Representation of the Assembly, desiring that a Court of Equity may be appointed at Savanah, that such Persons who think themselves aggrievd by any Verdict on Judgment in the Town Court might appeal to; And They have orderd me to tell you, that They think such a Court would prove of bad Consequence, as it would tend to the Encouragement of vexatious Suits, and must detain the Inhabitants too long from the Business of their Plantations.

The Trustees have likewise taken into Consideration the Representation of the Assembly, desiring that such Persons, who bring Negroes into the Province from South Carolina, or other Provinces, may not be obliged by the Negro Act to pay any Duty on the Importation of their Slaves; And that those, who had Negroes on their Plantations, before They were permitted to introduce them, may be likewise free from the said Tax; And They have directed me to acquaint you, that They cannot see any Reason for granting such an Indulgence, especially as the Duty is so low as 15s. on each Negro, and as the Application of the Duty will be for the Good of the Province in general; Besides, the Act is now out of the Hands of the Trustees, and lying before the Government for their Consideration.

The Trustees have likewise considerd the Representation of the Assembly relating to the District of Savanah, and the several Requests containd therein; And in the first Place They are sensible that a Deck Boat would be very proper for the Pilot at Tybee; But as the maintaining such a One is beyond their Power, and as the Benefits of it would extend to the Navigation in general on that Coast, as well as the Province of Georgia in particular, They intend to lay this before the Government. The Fire Engine for the Town of Savanah the Trustees have granted, and One will be sent over as soon as conveniently can be, with two Lengths of Pipes, and three dozen of Buckets. As to the making of publick Roads from Savanah to the distant Parts of the Colony, the Trustees cannot undertake it, and They think it reasonable that the Inhabitants should make these themselves, as They do in other Provinces; And the Method for doing this, and obliging the Inhabitants to it, may be proper for the Consideration of the Assembly, that a Law for this Purpose may be formd on their Proposals. The Trustees approve of your Application of the Sum of 25 Sterl. for repairing the Storehouse, in Order to convert it into a convenient Market, as proposd in the Representation, and the Report of Messrs [Pickering] Robinson and [Noble] Jones; But as to the Expence of building a Piazza at the Front and two Ends, and an Apartment for the Clerk of the Account, They cannot undertake it. You see with how much Difficulty the Trustees obtain any Money for the Support of the Government of the Colony, and how much They are confind in the Sum granted them, and must therefore be sensible They cannot divert the Sums appropriated for this, and for the Encouragement of the Silk to All the publick Buildings which might be usefull. It was to provide for these, the Trustees laid the Duty on the Importation of Negroes, and you see how necessary it was. The Trustees indeed think it is time the Inhabitants should do something themselves for the Repairs of the Publick Works, and They hope the Method for this will soon be taken into Consideration by them. The Repairs of the Lighthouse are not immediately requisite, since the whole Foundation has been lately repaird, as appears by the Report of Messrs. Robinson and Jones. As to the preserving the Weather Boarding from the Injuries which may be done to it by the Weather, a Method proposd by Dr. [Stephen] Hales is inclosd with this, and the necessary Materials from hence will be sent by this Ship; And it is hopd this Paint will prove of great Service in all the Buildings, both publick and private.

The Trustees observe in the Report of Mr. Robinson and Mr. Jones, that the Trust Garden of ten Acres is gone to Decay, & that the Ground is found too bad for Mulberry Trees, but that there are four large Olive Trees in it, which seem to thrive well, and have blossomd and bore Fruit. Nature has pointed out to you, that these Trees are proper to be planted there, and wherever the Soil is like it, which should be recommended to the Inhabitants. It is well known in other Countries, as Italy and France, that the same Soil is never fit for the Mulberry and the Olive Trees.

The Representation of the Assembly relating to the District of Darien &c. has also been laid before the Trustees, who find by your Letter of the 25th. of last February, that the Principal Thing applied for in the Representation, vizt. a Conservator of the Peace and a Constable has been taken Care of by you, in appointing Capt. John Mackintosh for the Conservator and Mr. Audly Maxwell Conservator for the District of Midway River and Great Ogeeche, in Order to decide little Controversies, and trifling Debts under 40s. Sterl., with the Assistance of three creditable Neighbouring Freeholders; And the Trustees approve of the said Persons appointed by you. As to the Application for two Pilots with Boats to be stationd at St. Simons, and at Pine Island on Ossabaw Sound, the Trustees agree to what You say in your aforesaid Letter, that in the present State of the Southern Part of the Province, such an Expence can answer no valuable Purpose. But that Part of the Representation, desiring that a small Party may be stationd at the Pass on the Road to Augustine over the Alatamaha River, will be laid before the Government, as such a Party may be necessary not only to prevent the Incursions of Spanish and other Indians, but to prevent the running away of Negroes to Augustine.

The Trustees have taken also into Consideration the Representation of the Assembly relating to the District of Augusta setting forth, that the Indian Trade in the Province is almost entirely monopolizd by a Company of seven Persons at Augusta, who have not only a general Store in Augusta, but have likewise Each of them Licences for different Towns in the Indian Nations. The Trustees are very sensible of the many Inconveniencies attending any kind of Monopolies, and will discourage them as far as lies in their Power; They think that You, Sir, as Commissioner for licensing the Trade with the Indians, may in some measure prevent this Monopoly for the future, by refusing Licenses to such Persons as are engagd in it; But in Order to make it more effectual, the Trustees will apply to the proper Persons in the Government here, that Instructions may be sent for confining the licensing Traders with the Creeks, Chickesaws, and other Nations to the West and South West, to the Province of Georgia; And with the Cherokees, Cuttawbaws, and other Nations to the Northward, to the Province of South Carolina.

Some Standard Weights and Measures are sent by this Ship, and as Augusta is the principal Place for carrying on the Trade with the Indians, these must be sent thither, and the Indians must be informd that the Trustees, always mindfull of their Friendship, have sent these, that strict Justice may be done them. If any such Weights or Measures are wanted in other Places, they may be made in Wood after these.

The Trustees have appointed You, Mr. [Henry] Parker, President of the Province in the Room of Mr. [William] Stephens; and the Appointment is now sent. They have also appointed Mr. Pickering Robinson and Mr. Francis Harris Assistants, as They think it may be of Service to them to stand in that Rank, when the Government of the Colony comes to be new modeld; But till the Trustees are assurd what Steps will be taken by the Government on the Memorial, They cannot put these Gentlemen on the Estimate. An Appointment is also sent over for Mr. Noble Jones as Register with the same View, but he cannot be put on the Estimate for the aforesaid Consideration. Appointments likewise of Mr. John Rae and Mr. James Campbell, Conservators of the Peace at Augusta, Mr. Audly Maxwell Conservator for the District of Midway River and Great Ogeeche, and Mr. John Mackintosh a Conservator at Darien, pursuant to your Recommendations, are sent over likewise by this Ship.

P.S. The Trustees have just received Advice that 158 Saltzburghers will be here in a fortnight, and are to embark for Georgia at their own Expence, in Order to be settled at Ebenezer. Herewith you receive a Copy of the Order of Council for Praying for Their Royal Highnesses George Prince of Wales, The Princess Dowager of Wales, The Duke, The Princesses, and all the Royal Family; to be Published in the Churches in Georgia.


Harman Verelst to James Habersham, July 13, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 82, telling of bundles sent on the Ann and Elizabeth. By the Ann and Elizabeth, John Hunt.

Sir

By this Conveyance I have by the Trustees Order forwarded to Charles Town, to be sent you from thence by Mr. Wm. Hopton, the following Parcels shippd on board the Ann and Elizabeth, Capt. John Hunt, which I have acquainted the President and Assistants of, with the Purposes for which they were sent. G x C No. 1 a Jarr, No. 2 a Firkin, No. 3 a Firkin, a Case with an Engine, a Case with a Beam and Weights, a Matted Bundle with Planks and Ropes, Weights loose 3 of 56 lb. & 1 of 28 lb., and a Basket and a Bundle with Measures.


Harman Verelst to the President and Assistants in Ga., July 13, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 83, telling of supplies sent on the Ann & Elizabeth. By the Ann and Elizabeth, John Hunt.

Sir & Gentlemen

By this Conveyance I have sent under Consignment to Mr. Wm. Hopton at Charles Town in South Carolina, to be forwarded by him to Mr. James Habersham; the Trustees Secretary in Georgia, the following Parcels markd G x C. vizt.

In a Jarr No. 1 25 Gallons of Linseed Oyl

In a Firkin No. 2 0 Cwt.: 3 Qrs.: 19 lb. of English Oaker

In a Firkin No. 3 1:0:17 of Spanish Brown

For Materials towards the Paint recommended in Mr. Martyns Letter to preserve Boards and Timber.

In a Case. A 3d Size Fire Engine for Savannah, with 2 forty feet Lengths of Pipes and Brass Screws, with 3 dozen of Buckets of the best Sort.

As also the following Parcels, to be sent to Augusta, as by Mr. Martyns Letter. vizt.

In a Case and Matted Bundle. A very good large Square End Beam fitted with Steel Square Hooks, Rings and Swivels, Ropes and Planks, fit to weigh 200 or 300 in an End, and small Weights, of 14 lb. 7 lb, 4 lb, 2 lb, & 1 lb. 1/2 lb & 1/4 lb Brass. And loose, 3. 56 lb. of the best Iron Weights well adjusted, and a 28 lb. wt. Brass.

In a Basket. An Iron bound 1/4 Peck Corn Measure, Do. 1/2 Peck, Do. Peck, Do. 1/2 Bushel, Do. Bushel, a Quart, Pint, and 1/2 Pint Wood Measure; and a Gallon, Quart, Pint, and 1/2 Pint, Copper Ale Measures.

In a Bundle. A Lignum Vitea Role, and 3 Seald Yards, and 3 Seald Ells.


Harman Verelst to Gen. James Oglethorpe, July 6, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 84, asking payment of funds due to Trustees.

Sir

The Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia in America having had no Supply granted for that Colony in the last Session of Parliament, and their Expences incurring without any Fund to answer them, but the Money due to them from Your Self and Others; I received their Commands this day to attend You with your Accompt, that the Balance thereof being 1,412:0:2 1/2 might be paid them, to carry on the Service of their Trust; But You being gone out of Town before I came, this waits upon You to know what Answer I am to give the Trustees and this Occasion.


Harman Verelst to Gen. James Oglethorpe, Aug. 12, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 84-85, asking payment of funds due to Trustees.

Sir

I having by the Trustees Order wrote to you the 6th. of last Month, that the Balance of your Accompt with them might be paid, to carry on the Service of their Trust; And you having been pleasd to acquaint me, that the Discharge You had delivered in to their Charge was in your Favour, and that the Trustees Claims on You for Reimbursement of Articles in your Accompt with the Government were not payable until such Accompt was allowed by the Treasury on the Auditors State thereof; Which the Trustees apprehend You mistake, for such Sums were allowed by the Auditor as received by you to replace their Money.

I have thereupon received the Trustees Commands (in the Absence of the Secretary) to send you the inclosed State of the Sums defrayd with their Cash for his Majestys Service, which the Auditor has allowed You towards your Discharge of the Sums received by You from his Majesty for that Service; On which Allowance the said Sums were then payable to the Trustees by you.

As by their Disappointment in Parliament They are in great Want of the Money to carry on the Service of the Trust, They hope you will be pleasd to pay into the Trustees Accompt at the Bank of England, the Balance due from You to them on the inclosed State being 1,411.10.21/2; Which They desire may be within the present Month of August, because the Trustees have at this Time so many Payments to make, that They hope You will be so kind as to forgive their being so pressing.


Harman Verelst to Gen. James Oglethorpe, Aug. 24, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 85, concerning Oglethorpes accounts with the Trustees.

Sir

Your Letter to the Trustees of the 17th. instant was this day laid before them,48 wherein you mention, that besides the Account you delivered them some years since, there is another Account of Expences made by You for them not then brought in. Which the Trustees are Surprized at, and the more so, as you made no mention thereof the 17th. of January 1748 when you was present on the Delivery of your Account, which has been examined and determined.

They therefore desire you would as soon as possible, let them know what such further Demand you say you have on them is; The present Circumstances of the Trust admitting of no Delay.


Benjamin Martyn to the President and Assistants in Ga., Aug. 26, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 86-89, concerning encouragement of silk culture, lumber sales, Ga. population, new land grants, lands for William Gerard Von Brahm and five Von Munchs, hope for Parliamentary grant, and Ga. expenses. By the Antelope, Capt. MacClellan.

Sir and Gentlemen

I wrote to You the Trustees Sentiments on the several Representations of the Assembly, by the Ann and Elizabeth Capt. Hunt; a Copy of that Letter is sent to you with this. I informd you therein, that the Trustees had presented a Memorial to his Majesty setting forth the State of the Colony, the Necessity of supporting, and the Consequences of abandoning it, that this Memorial had been referrd to the Lords Commrs. of his Majestys Treasury, and the Lords of Trade, but They had not then made any Report thereon. I can now give you the Pleasure of letting you know, that They have, tho the Council have not yet taken their Reports into Consideration, as They were made but just before the Adjournment for the Vacation. The Lords of Trade had a Conference with the Trustees, when They made their Inquiry into the State of the Province, and They were so well satisfied, by the Papers then laid before them, of the Importance of it, that They have made a very full and favourable Report, and particularly have given it as their Opinion, that the Colony ought not to be annexd to South Carolina, but should be preservd an Independent Province. And They have annexd to their Report the Representation of the Assembly against uniting them.

The Trustees have recd a Letter from Georgia with an Advertisement publishd by you in May last, taking Notice of their Orders for paying the People for their Silk Balls in proportion to the Value of the same, and likewise for the Silk reeld from the Balls, with the several Prices in proportion to the Goodness of it, and that at the End of the Advertisement you give Notice, That to prevent Disputes, and give a general Satisfaction, you would pay the following Prices to all Persons for Cocoons, after sorted, raisd within the Colony, who should deliver them as aforesaid curd or bakd, which you found by several Experiments would be equal to what was allowd by the Trustees on the several Assortments of Cocoons and Silk aforesaid; Namely, for the first 3s/6, for the second ls/6, and for the third Sort ls/ld. Tho this Calculation comes near the Prices proposd by the Trustees, yet as it was not thoroughly understood, by the Inhabitants, the Trustees find it has given a Dissatisfaction to some of them; The Trustees are sensible the Method proposd was prudently intended, and there might be good Reasons for it, yet as it is absolutely necessary that the People themselves should have no Doubts, and should at the same time have all the Encouragements that can be given, to begin, and persevere in the Culture of Silk, by receiving immediate Payments on producing their Silk Balls; And likewise to obviate any Doubts you Your Selves might have about interpreting the Trustees former Orders, They again repeat them, that the Inhabitants be paid for their Cocoons or Silk Balls, in the Proportions before prescribd by their Letter November 25th. 1749, on the Delivery of their Balls, and that They be paid afterwards for the Silk reeld from the Balls, in the aforesaid proportions; But Notice must be given that, in Order to ascertain the Silk being reeld from the said Balls, and to prove its being the Produce of Georgia, it may be proper for those, who expect to receive the Bounty on the Balls, to leave them to be reeld off at the Publick Filature; Or if They can and will reel the Silk from them at their own homes, this should be certified on Oath to be reeld from the same Balls on which They recd the Bounty, the Sum of which must be specified in the Certificate. Notice must likewise be given, that the Inhabitants cannot suffer, nor be paid for the Silk disproportiond to the Value of their Balls, in having these bakd, and their Silk reeld at the publick Filature; Because the Balls of the first Sort are bakd together, so are those of the second, and those also of the third. The Trustees wish you had acquainted them with any Uneasiness among the Inhabitants about the manner of paying them, and if you can suggest any Method for encouraging them to forward this Culture in a better manner, They expect You will.

I acquainted you, in mine of the 10th. of July last, of the Necessity there is for your sending over Authentick Proofs of the Colonys being in a thriving State; I must now repeat the Trustees Directions herein; not only for Accounts of the Increase of your Produces, but also of the Ships freighted from the Colony with Lumber, and as near as you can the Number of the Inhabitants, and to be sent by the first Opportunity.

I must likewise put you in Mind of the Trustees Directions in my Letter dated July 14th. 1750, that Notice should be given to all the Landholders, that Each of these should, as soon as conveniently he could, give to you and the Assistants in Writing the Date of his former Grant, with a Description of the Lands, that new Grants might be made to them free from the several Restrictions formerly in their Grants; And that a limited Day should be named by your for this giving in the Description of their Lands. The Trustees cannot but wonder that They have heard nothing from you relating to this, because They are impatient to ascertain all the Peoples Property in their Lands, as soon, and as strongly as They can, which it becomes more necessary for them to do, as their Time of Government is so near its Period.

By this Ship (the Antelope Capt. Mac Clellan) 161 German Protestants are embarkd for Georgia, of whom 57 are Men, 50 Women, 26 Boys, and 28 Girls. They are to be settled at, or as near to Ebenezer as They can be, and 50 Acres must be run out as soon as possible for the Men of 21 Years, who are not Servants. There are among them two Gentlemen, vizt. Mr. [David] Kraaft, who is to have 500 Acres contiguous to Ebenezer, and Mr. Von Brahm, who has the Care of conducting the whole Body. To this Gentleman likewise 500 Acres are granted, his Name is William Gerard Von Brahm. His Land is to be laid out with 2500 Acres more, which are granted in 5 Lots of 500 Acres each, to Mr. Christian [Chretien] Von Munch, Mr. Thomas Von Munch his Eldest Son aged 29, Mr. Charles Von Munch his second Son, aged 27, Mr. Christian Von Munch aged 25 his third Son, and Mr. Remegius Von Munch aged 34 his Son in Law. These six Lots of 500 Acres each are likewise to be contiguous to Ebenezer, and are to be laid out together as Mr. Von Brahm is to have the Care of cultivating them till the other Proprietors arrive. He has some Servants with him, and more will soon be following. He has been a Captain in the Bavarian Service, but was forcd to quit on being converted from Popery. He is esteemd a good Engineer, and as he is desirous of running out the 3000 Acres himself, the Trustees consent that he should, with the Surveyor. All the Servants are to have 50 Acres each Man, when out of their Time.

There were on the 5th. of June 1749 some Working Tools in the Store at Frederica. The Germans of this Embarkation must be assisted with them, and an Account sent over of the Particulars so applied. A Copy of the Charterparty is sent with them. And there is a Box for Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius sent by this Ship, markd H.P. Bolzius.

The Parliament will meet this Year in the beginning of November. The Trustees intend to make their Application to them for Money as soon as possible; And as They have Reason to believe They shall succeed in it, They will, when assurd of Success, without Loss of time, send over sufficient Sums to reimburse what has been expended on the Silk, and other Accounts; But it is absolutely necessary that a clear State should be made of this, and of what You think may be wanted for the Silk next Season, and should be sent by the very first Opportunity, and likewise a State of your other Payments for Salaries.


Benjamin Martyn to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, Aug. 24, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 89-91, concerning silk culture, sawmill, Salzburger prosperity, more Germans to Ga., land for Von Munchs, Von Brahm, and Kraaft. By the Antelope, Capt. MacClellan.

Sir

I recd the Favour of your Letter dated May the 1st and likewise your Letter to Mr. [Samuel ?] Lloyd, which I immediately forwarded to him. I laid your Letter to me before the Trustees, who are extreamly pleasd with the Account you give of the Silk Business being in a prosperous Condition at Ebenezer. You are so justly sensible of the many Advantages which this Produce will gain and secure for your Settlement, and the Colony of Georgia in general, that it is needless to dwell on, or make any farther Observations to you; Your Zeal is already sufficient, and so is your Knowledge of the great facility, with which the Silk can be raisd, and increasd, till it becomes a considerable Staple. It differs from almost all other Produces in this, vizt. the Market can never be overstockd, it will always, if good, be sure of a great and ready Price for it, and interferes with no other Produce. The Trustees are impatient to hear what Quantity you raisd this last Season, and They desire You will by the first Opportunity acquaint me by a Letter, what Quantity you may reasonably expect to raise the next Season. A Judgement of this may be formd from the Increase of your Mulberry Plantations, the Quantity of Seed which you have reservd, and the Number of young Women at your Settlement, who have learnt the Art of reeling. The Trustees will be able from hence to judge what Increase of Silk may be annually expected, adn it may be of Use to the Colony for the Publick to know it. You speak of Difficulties and Obstacles which have been thrown in the Way of Mr. [Pickering] Robinson and Mr. [James] Habersham in conducting this Affair. Such are always to be expected in every Undertaking, how easy and beneficial soever it may be, but They should rather animate than discourage those who are concernd in it, and the Trustees dont doubt but They will have this Effect on you, as well as Mr. Robinson and Mr. Habersham. What are plainly the Effects of Idleness or Envy are only to be disregarded.

It was a great Pleasure to the Trustees to see the Saltzburghers have finished another Saw Mill, and so much to your Satisfaction. By means of these the Trade for Lumber between Georgia and the Sugar Islands will be greatly increasd, and the Saltzburghers will quickly reap the Fruits of their Industry. Directed and animated by you, They now enjoy that Happiness and Plenty which They wanted before, and it will be the constant Endeavour of the Trustees, that They may enjoy them in perfect Security. They will be continually seeing their Countrymen flocking in Order to partake of these Blessings with them. An Embarkation of 161 Persons is now making; They are lately come from Germany with Mr. [Peter] Schubdrein, who left you in February last. They are to be settled as contiguous to your Settlement as can be, and I shall send by them a Letter to the President and Assistants with the Trustees Directions to this Purpose. In the surveying the Lands for them, They and the Surveyor will doubtless consult with you. By a Letter from Mr. [Chretien] Von Munch, and by Letters from other Persons, the Trustees find They may shortly expect more Protestants from Germany, in Order to join and strengthen your Settlement. At Mr. Von Munchs Desire, the Trustees have granted him 500 Acres of Land, and to four of his Sons 500 Acres each, and 500 Acres more to Mr. Gerard Von Brahm, who is to have the Care of the whole, and is going over, having this Embarkation under his Conduct. He is a Man of Parts, & Spirit, has been a Captain in the Bavarian Service, and is a very good Engineer. Mr. Von Munch speaks highly of him. I dont doubt but hell be of great Service and Comfort to you. He carries his Lady over with him, as does another Gentleman, Mr. David Kraaft, to whom the Trustees have likewise given 500 Acres of Land, which are to be contiguous also to Ebenezer. A Chest with Books & Medicines from Hall[e] for You is just arrived, and sent by this Ship, it is directed thus H.P. Bolz. at Ebenezer.

With the sincerest Wishes for your Welfare.


Harman Verelst to the President and Assistants in Ga., Aug. 26, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 91-92, telling of German protestants brought to Ga. By William Gerard Von Brahm. By the Antelope, Capt. MacClellan.

Sir and Gentlemen

By Order of the Revd. Mr. [Friedrich Michael] Zeigenhagen, his Majestys German Chaplain, I contracted for the Ship Antelope John Mac Clellan Master, for bringing over to Georgia the 161 German Protestants now imbarkd therein, on the Advice Mr. Zeigenhagen received from the Revd. Mr. [Samuel] Urlesperger at Augsburg in Germany, when on their Way to England to imbark at their own Expence.

I have sent a Copy of the Charter Party I enterd into for that purpose to Mr. [James] Habersham, the Trustees Secretary in Georgia, and have desird him to inquire of Mr. [William Gerard] Von Brahm, the Gentleman who has the care of conducting the whole Body (and who has a Copy thereof in the German Language) how the said Charter party have been complied with in the Voyage, and acquaint the Trustees thereof; And if duly fulfilld on the Ships Arrival in Georgia.

I have sent You a List of the People now added to the Colony thereby.


Harman Verelst to James Habersham, Aug. 26, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 92, concerning Germans coming to Ga., and packages for Ebenezer. By the Antelope, Capt. MacClellan.

Sir

Inclosd is the Copy of a Charter party for the Ship Antelope John Mac Clellan freighted by me, by Order of the Revd. Mr. [Friedrich Michael] Zeigenhagen, which brings over 161 German Protestants from Germany at their own Expence. Mr. [William Gerard] Von Brahm, who has a German Copy thereof, and has the Care of conducting the whole Body, will acquaint you how it has been complied with in the Voyage, which you will communicate to the Trustees, as also whether duly fulfilld on the Ships Arrival. I have sent to the President and Assistants a List of this Additional Number of Inhabitants to Georgia.

There is on board this Ship a Box from the Kings Warehouse markd H.P.B. for Ebenezer, and a Chest with Books & Medicines from Hal1[e] in Germany markd H.P. Bolz. at Ebenezer; Which you will take Care to forward with the People and their Baggage to Ebenezer.

There is no particular Bill of Lading for them, as the Ships whole Cargoe is for the same place; But I have advisd Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius of them.


Harman Verelst to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, Aug. 26, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 93, concerning Germans coming to Ga., and packages for Ebenezer. By the Antelope, Capt. MacClellan.

Revd. Sir

Mr. [Friedrich Michael] Zeigenhagen having desird my Chartering a Ship for the German Protestants now imbarkd at their own Expence on board the Antelope John Mac Clellan Master for Georgia; It gave me great Pleasure to be instrumental in assisting so large an Addition of Inhabitants to their Countrymen in Georgia, already made happy by your good Conduct and Influence over them.

The Number embarkd are 161, of which I have inclosd you a List, and I got their Passage for 4:10:- Sterling each freight; as the Ship is to fetch Rice from Port Royal, the Owner could better afford it. I have sent Mr. [James] Habersham a Copy of the Charter Party, to examine how it has been fulfilld, and Mr. [William Gerard] Von Brahm, who has the Care of conducting the whole Body, has a Copy thereof in the German Language.

There is on board this Ship a Box from the Kings Warehouse which came from Hamburgh about four Months ago, markd H.P.B. for Ebenezer, and a Chest from Hall[e] markd H.P. Bolz. a Ebenezer, which arrived in the River from Hamburgh but last Thursday; Both which I have desird Mr. Habersham to forward to you with the People and their Baggage. I took no particular Bill of Lading for them, by reason the Ships whole Cargoe is for the same Place.


Benjamin Martyn to Chretien Von Munch at Augsburgh, Aug. 27, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 94-95, concerning servants for Ebenezer, runaway servants, Germans going to Ga., land for Von Munch and his sons, and Trustee application for a Parliamentary grant.

Sir

I recd the honour of your Letter from Augsbourgh dated July 22d. by Mr. [Friedrich Michael] Zeigenhagen, and without Loss of time I laid it before the Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia. It gives them great Pleasure to see a Man of your Character interesting himself with so much Zeal for the Inhabitants of Ebenezer, and They should put the utmost Confidence in your knowledge for chusing Servants for them; But the Trustees find it absolutely out of their Power to contribute anything towards the Expence of sending them to Georgia. They having been disappointed in a late Application to Parliament for Money for the Colony. They are very sensible of the great Use and Benefit, Servants would be of to the Inhabitants, and heartily wish They had Ability to send a proper Supply of them. They are sorry They are obligd to give the same Answer with regard to the building an Hospital, and House of Correction, and likewise the Physician as you propose, which at the same time They think very proper. They dont doubt but by the prosperous Condition, into which the Saltzburghers are now getting, They will soon be able by their joint Labour to build such an House, and as They have great Numbers of Horses which They purchasd, They may with Ease supply their Physician as he may want.

What you mention about the Runaway Servants being stopt in Carolina, and sent to their Masters at Ebenezer, has been under the Consideration of the Trustees; But This can only be effected by Orders from the Administration here to the Governor in South Carolina, which the Trustees have already applied for; But Sir, you will be sensible, that at such a Distance, it is often a long time before the Governors can be brought to put the Orders They receive in Execution; The Trustees however wont fail to apply for fresh Orders, and stronger than the last might be.

The Trustees are restraind Sir, by their Charter from granting such a Quantity of Land as 3,000 Acres to any Person, or indeed more than 500; But They have done what will perhaps amount to the same, and They hope will be to your Satisfaction. They have granted to you 500 Acres, to your three Sons, your Son in Law, and Mr. [William Gerard] Von Brahm, 500 Acres each of them. Some of the Trustees were on board the Ship last Saturday, on which about 160 Persons from Germany embarkd under the Care of Mr. Von Brahm, to see that They were well accommodated; And They were much pleasd to see they were so, and that the People were perfectly satisfied, and Orders are sent by the Trustees that They shall be furnishd with Tools on their Arrival, and that their Land be immediately laid out for them. Mr. Von Brahm (who answers the Character you gave of him) carries Orders likewise for yours, your Sons, and his Lot, to be immediately laid out under his Direction, and where he shall chuse it.

The Trustees propose making an Application to the Parliament for Money at their Meeting, which will probably be in November next; And if They find themselves enabled to pay the Passage of any Servants from hence to Georgia, I will not fail of giving you the earliest Notice of it, and of the Number They can pay for.


Benjamin Martyn to James Habersham, Aug. 28, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 95-97, concerning silk culture, silk culture with indigo and rice, Cherokee troubles, and militia regulations. By the Antelope, Capt. MacClellan.

Sir

The Packets were closd, which are to go by this Ship, the Antelope; But your Packet with two Letters to me of the 12th. and 13th. June, and others to Mr. Verelst (which was forwarded from Charles Town July 12th. by the Live Oak Capt. Rodger) arriving last Night. I have just Time (as the Antelope is now falling down the River) to acknowledge the Receipt of it, and to acquaint you with the great Satisfaction the Trustees have in the Zeal and Diligence shewn by Mr. [Pickering] Robinson and your Self in the Culture of the Silk. The Trustees wish you had receivd the Sola Bills sooner, but however your Bills drawn on Mr. [Samuel] Lloyd and Mr. Verelst are accepted (except Mr. [Bartholomew] Zouberbuhlers).

As you both think an Additional Filature at Savanah absolutely necessary, and likewise a House to lodge and assort Cocoons, an Oven, and Well, and likewise a Filature at Ebenezer; And as You believe the Expence of the whole will not exceed 300, the Trustees are willing to do every Thing which may keep up and promote the present laudable Spirit in the Colony for the Improvemt. of the Silk, They therefore give their Consent to the erecting the said Works; And They will order the Number of Basons, of the Dimentions you recommended, to be got ready to send by the Ship charterd by your Self and Partner.

Mr. Robinson and You both say, You will take Care that at the same time You shall spare no Pains to make the Filatures &c. usefull, They shall be done with the utmost Frugality; And therefore it is needless for me to dwell on this; But I must assure you that a Frugality in these Points, as well as in all others, is absolutely necessary.

It gives the Trustees no little Pleasure to see the Inhabitants are at last come into an Opinion of this Culture; And that They propose sending their Daughters, as well as their Young Slaves, to acquire the Art of reeling. They may by this means make every Branch of their Families highly usefull, and when once They have attaind this knowledge, it is to be hopd, nay believd, their Profit will not suffer it to lye unemployd. The Trustees will expect with Impatience the Silk reeld off this Year, and both your Remarks on the Culture, and the Names of those Persons who were employd in the Filature, with the Accounts of the raw Silk Each of them producd.

Your Remarks in your Letter of June 13th. are very just Ones. People should apply themselves to different Cultures, and This They probably will do as They reap the Fruits of their Industry, and as this becomes habitual, The Culture of Silk wont interfere with the Indigo, and Rice; But whilst their Attention is so closely twind to the first, it would be pity to divert it, till They have made some Progress, and then their Interest will keep it up.

You dont distinguish whether the People killd by the Cherokee Indians belongd to the Province of Georgia, or Carolina; But the Trustees suppose the last. What you did in regulating the Militia was very right. What you say about the Necessity of having the Colony better guarded, and that this would conduce to the Increase of the Settlements, will at a proper time be laid before the Government by the Trustees.


Harman Verelst to the Rev. Bartholomew Zouberbuhler, Aug. 28, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 97, telling him that his bill drawn on the Trustees was refused. By the Antelope, Capt. MacClellan.

Sir

In my Letter of the 26th. of October last I acquainted you, that your drawing for your Salary and Maintenance of the Servants for the Cultivation of the Land set a part for the Minister at Savannah, part of the Trustees Annual estimated Expences in Georgia, was contrary to the Trustees Method of Payment, for which Sola Bills are sent over.

Your Bills therefore in favour of Messrs. Harris and Habersham for 18:11:8 for the Quarter to Christmas 1750, and in favour of Messrs. Austin and Laurens for the like Sum for the Quarter to Lady Day last, are or will be both returnd, for I could not accept them for the above Reason.


Benjamin Martyn to Claudius Amyand, Aug. 28, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 98, concerning memorial to the King for funds for Ga.

Sir

The Trustees for establishing the Colony of Georgia having recd the honour of a Letter from the Earl of Holdernesse dated the 26th. instant, signifying that his Majesty having been pleasd, upon the Resignation of his Grace the Duke of Bedford, to appoint his Lordship Secretary of State for the Southern Department, the Trustees were to address their Letters to him for the future; And his Lordship having been pleasd to say he would be punctual in laying them before the King, and in transmitting to the Trustees such Instructions and Orders, as his Majesty might think fit to give for their Guidance and Direction.

I am directed Sir by the Trustees, to desire you will return their Thanks to his Lordship for this obliging Notice and Offer, and as They are fully apprisd of his Zeal for the Interest of his Majestys Dominions in America, They desire you will lay before his Lordship the Copy of a Memeorial, lately presented to his Majesty, setting forth the State of the Province of Georgia, transmitted with this. The Memorial has been referrd by the Council to the Lords Commissioners of his Majestys Treasury, and the Lords of Trade; And as it will, with their Reports, be soon taken into Consideration by the Lords of the Committee of Council, the Trustees flatter themselves with the hopes of his Lordships Presence at that Committee.


Harman Verelst to Pickering Robinson and James Habersham, Aug. 28, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 99, thanking them for encouraging silk culture. By the Antelope, Capt. MacClellan.

Gentlemen

I recd your Letter of the 7th. of June last, and the Bills you have drawn on me towards reimbursing your Advance of the Charges incurrd in the Silk Manufacture are duly honourd. Your Letter gave great Satisfaction, and the Trustees are very sensible of your great Service in promoting this usefull Manufacture; Which Increased Progress therein. They hope on the true Representation thereof, will produce a proper Effect in the necessary Encouragement being given to perfect so great a Work; To obtain which, the Trustees best Endeavours will be exerted in the next Session of Parliament.


Harman Verelst to the President and Assistants in Ga., Aug. 28, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 99, telling of sola bills and Trustee finances. By the Antelope, Capt. MacClellan.

Sir and Gentlemen

I recd your Letter of the 7th. of June last, as also one from Messrs. Robinson and Habersham of the same date, advising me of 300 in five Setts of Bills of Exchange drawn on me towards their Reimbursement of the Charges incurrd in the Silk Manufacture; Which I have duly honourd for the forwarding so essential a Service. The Honouring of which Bills, and the 800 in Sola Bills, you have (since the said Draughts) received from Charles Town, forwarded there by the Charming Nancy Captain White in March last from this Office, will prove very assistive until you have a further Supply, which the Trustees will forward, as soon as They shall be enabled by a Vote in Parliament.


Benjamin Martyn to James Habersham, Oct. 3, 1751, London, C.O. 5/669, pp. 100-101, concerning the memorial of the Trustees to the King, draft for silk expences paid, application of Glasgow merchants for lands, land grants for settlers, silk worm seed from Portugal, and population of Ga. needed. By the Success, Capt. Jsaack [Isaack].

Sir

I acquainted the President and Assistants in my Letter dated the 27th. of last August, that the Memorial of the Trustees to his Majesty relating to the State of the Colony had been referrd to the Treasury, and to the Lords of Trade, that a very favourable Report had been made on it by the Board of Trade, and that the Memorial with the Reports would be taken into Consideration by the Council, on their Meeting towards the latter End of this Month. As from the time of my last Letter to this, there has been no Meeting, you will readily imagine I can write no further on this head; Only this I may venture to assure you, the Trustees have no Reason to doubt of the Success of the Memorial particularly in securing the Independency of the Colony.

I acquainted you likewise by a Letter of the same Date in August, that the Trustees were very sensible of the Zeal Mr. [Pickering] Robinson and You had shewn for promoting the Culture of Silk; And that your Bills drawn on Mr. [Samuel] Lloyd and Mr. Verelst on this Account were accepted; They are now paid, but the Trustees being determind to have all Expences in the Colony defrayd by Sola Bills, They will send these in due time, as They shall be enabled, that there may be no Occasion for future Drafts on them.

The Trustees have had an Application from ten Persons, chiefly Merchants in Glasgow, for 500 Acres of Land Each of them. Their Names are, as follows. Messrs. John Stevenson, James Dennestone, Michael Herries, Alexander Walker, Andrew Blackburn, James Johnson, William Crawford, John Crawford, James Walker, & Richard Oswald, the last is a Merchant in London. Mr. James Walker, who is One of them, is soon to embark for Georgia, and on his sending advice of the several Lots being surveyd, the Other nine are to send over a proper Number of Servants to cultivate their several Lots. It is absolutely necessary that it should be a Condition of their Grants, to send over a proper Number of Servants to cultivate their Lands within twelve Months from the Survey of their Lots, or else that these should revert to the Trust, to prevent the Inconveniences of Lands being appropriated, and yet uncultivated, adjacent to other Plantations. As these ten Lots will take up a considerable Quantity of Land, it probably will be best to set them out towards the Southern Part of the Province, and the Trustees recommend it to the Magistrates, that particular Care be taken, in setting them out, not to straiten, incommode or discourage the Saltzburgh Settlements, which will be considerably and Yearly increasing.

Having mentiond these Grants, I must again repeat the Trustees Directions, which I acquainted you with in July 1750, and also last August, that no Time be lost in requiring all the Inhabitants to give in the Quantity of Acres They possess, with a Description of the Situation, and Boundaries of them, that full and free Grants may be made of the same, without the former Conditions, which were annexd to the Grants; Because the Trustees would have nothing undone for the Welfare of the People, and the Security of their Properties.

As You last Year, and You and Mr. Robinson did this Year commend the Seed from the Portugal Silk Worms, a Relation of Lord Shaftesburys undertook to procure some from thence, and has lately receivd Advice of its being sent from Oporto, but withou mentioning the Quantity; I hope it will be soon sent to you, of which you shall have further Notice.

The Trustees are very impatient for an accurate Account of the Numbers of the People; If such a One is already sent, and more are since arrivd in the Colony, a further Account must be sent without Loss of time, that the Trustees may lay it as accurately as possible before the Government.


Benjamin Martyn to James Habersham, Nov. 8, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 102-103, concerning basins for silk culture, silk culture encouragement, silk worm seed from Portugal, sola bills to be sent, population and land descriptions needed. By the Live Oak, Capt. Rodger.

Sir

I acquainted you by my Letter dated the 28th. of last August, by the Antelope Capt. Mac Clellan, that the Trustees had not only consented to the erecting an Additional Filature, a House to lodge and assort Cocoons, an Oven, and a Well at Savanah, & a Filature likewise at Ebenezer; But, that They had resolvd also to send over the Number of Basons, and of the Dimensions, recommended by Mr. [Pickering] Robinson and your Self. A Case with half of these Basons is sent over to you with this by the Live Oak Capt. Rodger, and the Remainder will be sent by the first Opportunity.

I informd you also in my Letter dated October the 3d., that on your commending the Seed from the Portugal Silk Worms, a Gentleman had procurd a Quantity from thence, but it was not arrivd at that time. The Trustees have since receivd it, and it turns out extreamly to the Satisfaction of Mr. [Samuel] Lloyd. There are two Yards of Cloth quite coverd with the Eggs, making in the whole about 16 Ounces; Half of these were sent, on the same Cloth on which they were laid, packd up in a Box, by the Success Capt. Isaack, and the other Moiety will be sent, in the same manner, if not by this Ship, by Another which will be soon sailing, and by which you will have a Letter of Advice of the Box either from Mr. Lloyd, or my Self. Mr. Lloyd thinks the People should not, out of Greediness or Ambition of making a great Quantity of Silk in one Year, strip their young Trees of all their Leaves, because They will be hurt, if not absolutely destroyed, by this Means; But he will I believe send Mr. Robinson or your Self his Sentiments on this Head.

You will see, by the Expence which the Trustees have resolvd to be at in erecting the Filatures &c, that They have no Doubt of receiving a Supply this Session of Parliament for supporting the Colony; As soon as this is Voted, or They have a positive Assurance of it, They will immediately send over a sufficient Sum in Sola Bills to answer the Bounties on the Silk, and the Salaries to be paid in the Colony, that no Bills may be drawn on them for the future, by which They may know their certain Expences; In the mean time, as the Difficulty of their procuring Supplies must be so very evident to the President and Assistants, the Trustees expect They will embark them in no Undertakings or Expences, which are not unavoidably necessary.

I must again repeat to you, that the Trustees are very impatient for an Accurate Account of the Numbers of the People, and likewise the Quantity of Acres possessd by the several Inhabitants, with a Description of the Situation and Boundaries of them, that full and free Grants may, without Loss of time be made of the same, without the former Conditions, which were annexd to their Grants.


Harman Verelst to Harris and Habersham, Nov. 8, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 103-104, concerning payment for provisions and boat for soldiers in Ga., and bills of Bartholomew Zouberbuhler and Robinson and Habersham. By the Live Oak, Capt. James Rodger.

Gentlemen

Your Letter of the 18th. of May last I recd the 27th. of August fol. and the Trustees have paid Mr. [Samuel ?] Lloyd the 108.2.8. for the six Months Provisions you supplied the Detachments of Soldiers doing Duty in Georgia from 24 June 1750 to 22 Decr. foll.

On the 3d. of September last I applied on [Daniel] Demetres and your behalf to the Secretary at War for Warrants for the several Pay Bills for Boat Service to 27th. February last, by two Memorials, the one for that from 3d. Septr. 1749 to 27 Novr. foll, amounting to 114.10.8 1/2, and the other for the four Pay Bills from that time amounting to 377.16.2. But the Secretary of War being out of Town, I did not obtain the Warrants till last Month. The Charges of which last are as under. vizt.

Paid by Mr. Harman Verelst the 14th. of October 1751 for His Majestys Royal Sign Manual, countersignd by the Secretary at War for 377.16.2 the Amount of 4 Pay Bills for Boat Service for the Detachments from the 3 Independent Companies in South Carolina, doing Duty in Georgia from 28 November 1749 to 27 February

1750/1 4. 4.
Paid at the Treasury for Docketting the said Warrant there the 22d. of Do 2. 2.-
And paid for the Entry thereof at the Army Pay Office - 10.6
6.16.6
Which List of Fees, let Demetre charge in the above Particulars in the first Pay Bill made out by him for Boat Service, after the Receipt of this Letter, as Charges paid by me for you in England, on receiving the Reimbursement of the Pay Bills for Boat Service in Georgia from 28 November 1749 to 27 February fol.; And I have wrote to the President and Assistants to allow the same therein; And the future Expence of like Pay Bills being thus reimbursed, you will be acquainted with as the Charges shall arise, to be Entered in the first Pay Bill after in like manner.

The Warrant for the 114.10.8 1/2 cost 3.13.6 in Charges, but that cannot properly be claimd by Demetre, as it was for Service before he enterd the Georgia Service. I therefore paid Mr. Lloyd for your Use only 481.16.10, and gave him the Accot. of the Charges I paid, being together 10.10.- which makes up the Sum of the five Pay Bills, and is 492.6.10.

Mr. [Bartholomew] Zouberbuhlers Bill the Trustees did not think fit to honour, and he has been acquainted therewith.

Messrs. Robinson and Habershams Bills for 300 were ordered Payment of, and 250 of them are discharged, the Remainder has not yet been demanded.


Harman Verelst to the President and Assistants in Ga., Nov. 9, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 105, concerning payment for provisions and boat for soldiers in Ga., bills of Robinson and Habersham, and basins for silk culture. By the Live Oak, Capt. Rodger.

Sir and Gentlemen

The four Pay Bills for Boat Service in Georgia from 28th. November 1749 to 27 February fol. certified in favour of [Daniel] Demetre amounting together to 377.16.2 have been reimbursed by the Kings Warrant on the Paymaster of the Army, and the Fees paid by me thereon amounted to 6.16.6, which I have acquainted Messrs. Harris & Habersham, and desired them to direct Demetre to charge the same in the next Pay Bill for Boat Service, after their Receipt of my Letter, which you will please to allow therein as a necessary Charge in England for the Reimbursement of this Service to February 27th. 1750/1, so defrayed by them; And on future Notices of further Fees paid for Reimbursement of subsequent Pay Bills, the like Allowances of the real Charges so paid here to be included in the next Allowance of any Pay Bills after, always mentioning the Time of Service so reimbursed, which occasiond such Fees.

The Trustees orderd the 300 Bills drawn on me by Messrs. [Pickering] Robinson and [James] Habersham, with your Leave to be duly honoured; But Care will be taken to send Sola Bills for the future in due time, as the Trustees shall be enabled so to do; Of which I have acquainted Messrs. Robinson and Habersham, and returnd them the Trustees Thanks for their great Zeal in so very important a Service as the Silk Culture.

By this Conveyance 12 Copper Basons are sent over, pursuant to the Instructions Messrs. Robinson and Habersham sent to the Trustees Secretary; They are packd in 3 Cases markd G x C No. 1 to 3; and Mr. [William] Hopton is desired to send them from Charles Town to Mr. [James] Habersham.


Harman Verelst to Pickering Robinson and James Habersham, Nov. 9, 1751, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 106, telling of payment of bills for silk bounties and sending of basins for silk culture. By the Live Oak, Capt. Rodger.

Gentlemen

Your Letter to me of the 7th. of June last was laid before the Trustees, as also that of the same date from the President & Assistants permitting you to draw on me for 300 in Bills of Exchange (the Sola Bills sent in March before not being then arrived) for paying the Bounty on Cocoons, and for the Silk reeld off. The Trustees have duly honoured them, and return you their Thanks for your great Zeal in so very important a Service as the Silk Culture; But Care will be taken to send Sola Bills for the future in due time, as the Trustees shall be enabled to do.

By this Conveyance you will receive 12 of the Copper Basons you desired in your Letter to the Trustees Secretary, of the Dimensions and made in the manner your Instructions prescribed; They are packd in three Cases, markd G x C No 1 to 3; and consignd to Mr. [William] Hopton, who is desired to forward them from Charles Town to Mr. [James] Habersham (as he is the Trustees Secretary in Georgia). The Case No. 1 contains two Basons, made quite round, and are 18 Inches deep, and 24 Inches Diameter with an upright Rim 1 1/2 Inch high.

The other 2 Cases contain five Oval Basons in each, made 9 Inches deep, 18 Inches wide, and 27 Inches long, with a flat Rim 1 Inch broad, and an upright Rim 1 1/2 Inch high.


Benjamin Martyn to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, Jan. 23, 1752,49 London, C.O. 5/669, pp. 107-109, concerning arrival of German protestants in Ga., Ga. to remain a separate colony but the Trustees to give up their authority, Parliament voted funds for Ga., filature at Ebenezer, lands for Chretien Von Munch, and supplement for Bolzius and Herman H. Lembke. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Sir

The Trustees have just heard with the greatest Pleasure that the German Protestants, who went in the Antelope Captain Mac Clellan, are safe arrived in Georgia; And They hope, in pursuance of their Orders sent to the Magistrates by the same Ship, that They were set down upon Lands to theirs, and your Satisfaction.

I must take this (the first) Opportunity to relieve you, and the Saltzburghers under your Care, from any Fears or Apprehensions you may have had, that the Colony of Georgia might be put under the Government of South Carolina, upon the Expiration of the Trustees Term of Government; For the Trustees, knowing that many Arts have been used to procure this, and being ever mindfull of the Rights, and the Welfare of the Inhabitants, have been extreamly vigilant & active to preserve the Independency of the Province of Georgia, and thereby to confirm all the People in their Rights and Possessions. At the same time, They have found it will be greatly for the Advantage of the Colony for them to Surrender their Trust into the hands of his Majesty, that a new Administration of Government may be soon Established, which can and will more powerfully protect and support the Province, than the Trustees have lately been Enabled to do. This indeed has likewise been required of them, and in such a manner, that They found, if They should refuse, They could not expect a Prolongation of their Term of Government, nor Supplies of Money to carry it on; You must not ascribe it therefore to any Unwillingness in them to Continue the Guardians of the People, but to their Desire of securing for them more able Protectors. A new Administration of Government in the Colony will soon be settled, but till that commences, the Trustees Powers will continue, and all the Magistrates and other Officers will continue also to exercise their several Employments. The assembly of the Province will still remain, notwithstanding the Dissolution of the Trust, and all the Grants and Deeds made in perpetuity under the Trustees Seal will continue so; Do not therefore, worthy Sir, Suffer any of the People under your Care and Influence to be Alarmed, or give way to any Sinister Impressions from ungrounded or 111 intended Advices from Others, Encourage them still to persevere with Alacrity in their Cultivation, and especially in the Culture of Silk, to which, I can assure you from the Progress lately made in it, the Government here are disposed to give a particular Attention; And to Convince you that the Assurances, I have herein given you from the Trustees, are well grounded, a Supply of Money was yesterday Voted in Parliament, to Enable the Trustees to defray all the Expences as usual upon the Estimate till Midsummer next, and to pay the Bounties on Silk and Silk Balls, and the Rewards to those who may acquire the Art of Reeling, which may become due in the Ensuing Season.

I acquainted Mr. [James] Habersham in my Letter dated August the 28th. that the Trustees had resolved to be at the Expence of erecting a Filature at Ebenezer, and I have informed the President and Assistants, in my Letter sent, by this Conveyance, that They must Supply your Filature with the proper Number of Basons for it.

I received a Letter about a Month ago from Monsr. [Chretien] Von Munch, with his Thanks to the Trustees for their Grants of Land to him and his Sons, and Assurances that he should send over People from time to time to Cultivate the same. I wrote to him by the last Post to Acquaint him with the Trustees Surrender, and to assure him at the same time, that this need not alarm him or prevent him in his Design of going on with the Cultivation of the Lots, or sending over more German Protestants to Georgia, as the Colony will certainly be powerfully supported, & protected.

The Trustees had resolved to make good, (as long as the Parliament should enable them) the Deficiency of 1/2 p Cent (amounting to 12:10:- p Annun) upon the Allowance to you and Mr. [Herman H.] Lempke from the Society for promoting Christian Knowledge, which Deficiency arose from the reducing of Interest in England, and was to Commence at Christmas 1750; You are Sensible Sir, the Trustees can no longer make this good; But to shew their Regard for you to the last, They have Resolved to remit to the Saltzburghers the Money due from them to the Trust for the Cattle purchased by them from the Cowpen, on Consideration of their making good the aforesaid Deficiency. I have acquainted the President and Assistants with this Resolution of the Trustees.


Benjamin Martyn to Pickering Robinson, Jan. 23, 1752, London, C.O. 5/669, pp. 109-111, concerning silk encouragement, land for Robinson, estimate of silk production and cost for the coming season. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Sir

I received two days ago by the Charming Nancy Capt. White, the Copy of a Letter from you and Mr. [James] Habersham dated the 19th. of August last the Original of which came with the Silk by the Charming Martha Capt. Lesslie.

The two Points proposed by you. vizt. That Encouragements should be given to the planting of Mulberry Trees, and for a sufficient Number of People to learn the Art of Reeling; And also for the Public to become the immediate Purchasers of the Cocoons, at 3s. p lb., 2s/3, ls/6, and Is. p lb. for 12 or 14 Years certain, cannot come with in the Consideration of the Trustees; For if They could have obtained a Renewal of their Term of Government, the Supplies granted to them by Parliament must have been put upon a greater Certainty than they have been for some time past; But now They are about to Surrender their Trust into the hands of his Majesty, which you will see more fully Set forth, and the Reasons of it explained, in my Letter to the President and Assistants; However, their Surrender need not alarm you, nor discourage you in your laudable Endeavours to serve the Colony, and your Country in general promoting to the utmost the Culture of Silk; On the Contrary, I hope it will animate you to pursue it with greater Alacrity; as the Government of the Colony will be lodged in Hands more able to Support it than the Trustees have been, and Who with more Ease can procure the Bounties & Encouragements proposed by you and Mr. [James] Habersham I can with Truth assure you, that, from the Progress lately made in the Culture of Silk, there is a thorough Disposition in those, who will probably have the Colony under their Care, to give a particular Attention to it. They are Acquainted with the great Use of the Filature last Season, and that two more are to be erected before the next; And if their Expectations from these are but answerd in the Manner I hope they will, there can be no doubt of their Obtaining the most Satisfactory Bounties and Encouragements for the People to persevere in the Culture. In the mean time, the Trustees will recommend to them the proper Method of giving these, and in the manner you propose, rather than by a Bounty of 20 p Cent on the Silk advalorem; And that you may Continue still to Act with your usual Zeal, and with a proper Authority, the Trustees will recommend you as well as the other Assistants, to the particular Favour of the Government here. At the same time, to give you all the Marks of their Regard in their Power, they have granted you 500 Acres of Land, and that you may be situated as near to Savanah as possible, in Order to Inspect the Works at the Filature there with the greatest Conveniency, They have resolved (as I have acquainted the President and Assistants) to give you the Preference on the reserved Indian Lands near Savanah, as soon as these shall be given up by the Lower Creeks, as they have been by the Upper; And this will probably happen soon, if not already accomplished, for his Majestys Presents to the Indians will speedily be sent over, and there is the greatest Reason to believe that a Moiety of them will be given for the Indians in Georgia. If you do not Chuse to Stay till the Cession of the Lands is actually made by the Indians, or if there is any other Tract of Land (not already granted) that you make Choice of, the President and Assistants have Directions to Order it to be set out for you, and the Trustees have granted two Lots of 500 Acres each to your Father and Uncle Mr. Thomas and Mr. William Robinson, and 500 Acres to Mr. Samuel Barker. All to be laid out as near as conveniently can be to your own; Youll please therefore to Send as soon as possible a Description of the said Lots, as to the Situation, and Boundaries of them.

I believe it would prove of great Consequence if you could send me early some Computation, founded on Reasons (which you may gather from the Number of your Reelers, the Quantity of your Silk Worms, and of the food for them) of the Increase in the Silk which may be raised this Year, and of what Money may be necessary for the several Payments on this Account; Not that Supplies for the Same will be deferred till I can receive this Computation; for as the Parliament have voted already a Sum of Money for the Trustees, a Sum will soon be sent over sufficient to make good all the Bounties and Rewards promised for the ensuing Season.

I shall at all times be extreamly glad to hear from you, for any Services, which may possibly be in my Power to do, you may always freely command.


Benjamin Martyn to the Rev. Bartholomew Zouberbuhler, Jan. 23, 1752, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 111-112, concerning Joseph Ottolenghe and Trustee surrender of their control of Ga. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Sir

Your Letter to the Revd. Mr. [Samuel] Smith about Mr. [Joseph] Ottolenghi has been communicated to the Trustees, who have directed me to tell you, that you was under a great Mistake, in supposing that any Notice was to be given you from them in relation to him, for the Associates of Dr. Bray were the Society, who sent Ottolenghi for the good Work of converting the Negroes; You had the proper Notice from Dr. [Thomas] Broughton, who was appointed by the Society for propagating the Gospel and the Associates, to give it you.

The Trustees are about to Surrender their Trust into the hands of his Majesty, and therefore you must not expect any further Allowance of the 50 a year given you by them than till Midsummer next; But They will recommend you and your Congregation to the favour and Protection of the Government, as They shall all the Other Members of the Colony.


Benjamin Martyn to Joseph Ottolenghi, Jan. 23, 1752, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 112, concerning his work among Negroes. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Sir

Mr. [James] Vernon and Mr. [Samuel] Smith have received your Letters dated in July last, and have laid them before the Trustees, who are very sorry to find, that you have taken up other Thoughts, and enterd into other Views, than what you set out with from England. It will not be in the Trustees Power to put you into any other Employment, than what you have undertaken, nor will it be to Enable you to keep any Servants for the Cultivation of Lands for you, They having Surrenderd their Trust into the hands of his Majesty; But They will recommend you to the Associates of the late Dr. Bray, who are intrusted with the good Work of instructing the Negroes; and sent you for that purpose to Georgia. This requiring a perpetual travelling from Plantation to Plantation, where the Negroes reside, is utterly inconsistent with your Scheme of Sitting down at Savanah in a good Employment, or with an Estate; And the Trustees doubt not but the Associates of Dr. Bray will do Every thing in their Power to Encourage you to persevere in the good Work you have undertaken, in which I wish you all imaginable Success.


Benjamin Martyn to the President and Assistants in Ga., Jan. 23, 1752, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 113-119, concerning Ga. to remain a separate colony, Trustees surrender of their charter, Trustee government to continue until new one created, Parliamentary grant, building of filatures, funds due by Salzburgers forgiven, surveyors appointed, new land grants, vacant lands, purchase of Creek lands by Patrick Graham, lands granted to Pickering Robinson and Philip Delegal and others, sola bills to be paid, Trustees continuing interest in Ga., and Ga. government to be under the Board of Trade. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie; by the Industry, Capt. Pearson.

Sir and Gentlemen

I acquainted you in my Letter dated the 10th. of July last, that the Trustees Petition for a Supply having miscarried them in the House of Commons, They immediately presented a Memorial to his Majesty, Setting forth the State of the Colony, and the great Importance of it, not only on Account of its Situation and Ports, but its Produces, and especially of the Silk; And therefore They prayd for his Majestys Protection and Support of the Province. And I informed you at the same time, that this Memorial was referrd to the Lords Commissioners of his Majestys Treasury, and likewise to the Lords of Trade, by his Majestys Council. In my Letters of August 26th. and October 3d. I acquainted you, that the Lords of the Treasury, and the Lords of Trade, had made their Reports on the Memorial, and that the last was very full and favourable on behalf of the Province. On the 19th. of last Month, the Memorial and the Reports were taken into Consideration, in the fullest Council that has been known for many Years; But, previous to this, the Trustees, ever mindfull of the Rights and the Welfare of the People, and knowing that many Arts have long been used to get the Province annexed to South Carolina, and thereby to make room for other Peoples Claims under Obsolete Grants, were extreamly vigilant and active to Support the first, and disappoint the last. When the Council met, there was a Committee of the Trustees attended, and by Representations in Writing, as well as by Word of Mouth, They, in the most Strenuous Manner, set forth the Justice and Necessity of preserving the Independency of the Province, and confirming all the Inhabitants in their Rights and Possessions; And They desired at the same time that the Arrears of Quit Rents might be remitted, and that for the future these should be reduced from 4s to 2s for each 100 Acres. I can now with pleasure venture to Assure you, that the Trustees have the greatest Reason to believe that They shall Succeed in all these Points. I must likewise acquaint you that by the express Resolution of the Council, it appeared to be in vain for the Trustees to expect any Grant of Money from Parliament for the Support of the Colony, without an Absolute Surrender of their Trust; And They found, that if They should refuse to Comply therewith, they could not obtain a Prolongation of their Term of Government, nor Supplies of Money to carry it on. They therefore desiring to procure the People a Protection, which They could not give them, and finding that the best Service They could do the Colony, was to Surrender their Trust into the hands of his Majesty, out of a Regard to the People, and not from an Unwillingness to Continue their Friends and Protectors, They assented to the Surrender, and the means of Effecting the same, and Constituting a new Government, are now under Consideration. In doing this, you may depend on the strictest Regard being had to the preserving of the Rights and Priviledges, and Possessions of the Inhabitants. The Trustees Powers will Continue till the new Government commences, but all the Grants and Deeds made in perpetuity under the Trustees Seal, and the Constitution of the Assembly which by the last Appointment was made perpetual, will remain in full force, notwithstanding the Dissolution of the Trust, they having been Executed by the Legal Authority then Subsisting. I thought it proper to State this whole Affair fully to you, in Order to prevent any Sinister Impressions from Ungrounded or 111 intended Advice from Others. I am directed further to Acquaint you, that till a new Government is formed, and you have the proper Notice thereof, you are your Selves, and all the several Officers are (which you must immediately Signify to them) to Continue in the Exercise of your respective Employments, to which you were appointed by the Trustees, who are Satisfied with your Care and Diligence, that They will in the strongest Manner recommend you to his Majesty, to be Continued in the same, under such Administration of Government as shall be Established, and will give you the Characters, which They think you deserve, and which They doubt not but you will support; In the mean time, Nothing can more effectually tend to Establish you in the Opinion of the Government here, than your using your utmost Prudence and Diligence, at this Juncture to prevent any Apprehensions or Uneasiness arising in the Minds of the Inhabitants, and to Encourage them to persevere with Alacrity in their Cultivation, and especially in the Culture of Silk, to which, I can assure you from the Progress lately made in it, the Government here are disposed to give a particular Attention, and to Convince you, that the Assurances I have herein given you from the Trustees are well founded, a Supply of Money was yesterday Voted in Parliament, sufficient to defray all the Expences as usual upon the Estimate, and the Provisions for the Troops, till Midsummer next, and to pay the Bounties on Silk and Silk Balls, and the Rewards to those who acquire the Art of Reeling, which will be necessary to be paid the Ensuing Season.

I shall be able to acquaint you very soon of the particular Sums to be sent over to you, and in what manner They will be sent.

I acquainted Mr. [James] Habersham in my Letter November 8th. by the Live Oak Capt. Rogers, that 12 Copper Basons were then sent, of the Dimensions recommended by Mr. [Pickering] Robinson and himself; 12 more of the same Dimensions are sent by this Ship, and as the Trustees sent their Orders August 28th. for Erecting two more Filatures, One at Savanah, and the Other at Ebenezer, They hope that these are by this time, or will be Erected before the Season for Reeling begins; They recommend to you in the strongest manner to make these as convenient and usefull as possible, and commodious for the People employed therein, that they may be perfectly defended from any Inclemency of the Weather, if the Estimate for these is something exceeding it will be made good, as the Trustees look on the raising these Filatures, and thereby promoting the Culture of Silk in the most vigorous manner, to be of the highest Importance to the Colony. Mr. [Noble] Jones Estimated the two Filatures, of 60 feet long and 24 feet broad, and two Stories high, for Storing, Sorting &c of the Cocoons with a Room therein for Silk after it is Reeled, the Whole to be fitted up with necessary and convenient Shelves, Presses &c., also a large Oven, and Shed over it, a Well with Windlass &c. and a Shed for Storing Fire Wood for each of the Filatures, and the fencing for Each, at 350 Sterl., but some Allowance will be made for exceeding this Estimate, in the Supplies to be sent over; As the having constant Supplies of fresh Water for the Filature during the time of Reeling is absolutely necessary, if the proper Wells are not Compleated soon enough, some Persons must be employed and hired for that purpose, to Carry daily sufficient Quantities to be kept in large Tubs or other Conveniencies at the Filature; In many Places of Italy they have no other Method, and in some Places two or three Water Carts are Employed all day long for the Filature; I must again repeat to you, that you cannot for your own Interest and the Honour and Welfare of the Colony, be too Active in promoting and Extending the Culture of Silk; and the Progress you shall make in it this Season will be the strongest Argument with the Government to Grant further Bounties in the next, and to Continue them some time longer.

The Trustees had resolved to make good (as long as the Parliament should Enable them) the Deficiency (amounting to 12:10:- p Annum) upon the Allowance to Mr. [John Martin] Bolzius and Mr. [Herman] Lempke from the Society for promoting Christian Knowledge; Which Deficiency arose from the reducing of Interest here, and was to Commence at Christmas 1750; As the Trustees can no longer make this good, They have resolved to remit to the Saltzburghers the Money due from them to the Trust, for the Cattle purchased from the Cowpen, on Consideration of their making good the aforesaid Deficiency.

The Trustees have appointed Mr. Henry Yonge and Mr. Thos. Ellis Joint Surveyors of the Province.

The Trustees cannot help thinking that the People have been very negligent of their own Interest, in not Complying with the Directions sent in July 1750, and July last, for their sending over, as soon as possible, the Description of their Lands, as to the Situation and Boundaries, that full and sufficient Grants might have been made from the Trustees of the same; They hope They shall yet receive these Descriptions, and soon; But however, if They do not before their Act of Surrender, They will take all the proper Means in their Power to secure the Peoples Possessions.

In yours of January 2d. 1750/1 you say you are at a Loss to Determine what Lands the Trustees deem vacant, as their late Release had taken off all former Restrictions, except for want of Heirs, which you could not come to any Certainty about, not knowing what Relations the Original Grantees might have. And in the next Paragraph you Complain of the Grievance that so much of your most convenient and best Lands are granted to People, who have left the Colony, or have never been in it, and consequently lye unoccupied. This the Trustees think sufficiently explains what they meant by Vacant Lots, for the Release from the Conditions in the Grants, could only be intended for the Quiet and Satisfaction, of the People, who were in Possession of their Lots, but could, by no Construction whatsoever, extend to those who had abandoned their Lots, and left them unoccupied; And still less to those who had never been on them, for this must have tended to Subvert the good Intentions of the Trustees to promote a general Cultivation of the Lots; But you will receive further Directions for your Conduct herein.

I have laid Mr. [Patrick] Grahams Journal and Letter to me of the 21st. of August before the Trustees, Who are very well pleased to find he has so far Succeeded, as to have brought the Upper Creeks into a Cession of the Reserved Indian Lands near Savanah, and the three Islands of St. Catherine, Ossebaw, and Sappelo; And the Lower Creeks have absolutely disavowed any Treaty with the Bosomworths for the said Lands, to the Trustees for a Year or two, the next Step will probably be an Absolute Cession of them, and this may be procured when the next Presents are given them, which I hope will be soon, for I know some are designed to be sent over speedily, and the Trustees by their Representations have prevailed, I believe, to get a Moiety of them for the future appropriated for the Indians in Georgia; A proper Appointment and Authority for you Sir, and the Assistants, to treat with the Indians, for the purchase of the said Lands, and Instructions for your Conduct therein were Sealed by the Common Council in last May,50 but the sending them over was postponed till the Trustees could hear of Mr. Grahams Return from the Upper Creek Nation, and till They could hear of the Effect of his Journey; The Appointment is now sent for your Authority in making the Treaty, and so are the Instructions, but the greatest Part of these are now become useless, as the Upper Creeks have already made an Absolute Cession, and the purchasing of Presents with the Trust Money is likewise unnecessary, as you will soon receive his Majestys, to Enable you to perfect the Treaty with the Lower Creeks. The Expences, which Mr. Graham was at in his Journey, the Trustees direct you to Defray, as you proposed by the Sale of the Frederica Stores, and if these should not be sufficient the remainder must be paid to him out of the next Presents; The Trustees intend to send him besides, as soon as They receive the Supply Voted them, a Present for his Trouble and Services, and I hope I shall soon acquaint him with it.

The Trustees have resolved to Grant to Mr. Pickering Robinson 500 Acres of Land, and as his Inspection of the Work in the Filatures will make it necessary for him to Reside as near to Savanah as possible, They have Resolved to give him the Preference on the Reserved Lands near Savanah, and he must be put in Possession of the same as soon as They are given up by the Indians, Or if he Chuses his Land in any other Place, not already granted, his Lot must be set out for him accordingly. The Trustees have likewise granted 500 Acres to Mr. Thos. Robinson, and 500 Acres to Mr. Wm. Robinson, and 500 Acres to Mr. Saml. Barker, all to be laid out as near as conveniently may be to Mr. Pickering Robinsons; They have also granted 500 Acres of Land to Mr. Wm. Backshell of South Carolina, and 500 Acres to Capt. [Philip] Delegal [Sr.] as near to his Sons, on the South of Ogeeche,as can be, without Incroaching on, or incommoding any other adjacent Settlement.

The Trustees think it absolutely necessary that you should give immediate Publick Notice in Georgia, and publish the same in the Carolina Gazettes, that Whoever is possessd of any of their Sola Bills should forthwith produce them in England in Order to be paid.

All I have further in Charge to Say at present is, that as the Government here has not thought it Expedient to Continue the Authority of the Trustees, it is a Matter of great Satisfaction to them, that after having Applied themselves for several Years, with the most Affectionate and Unwearied Care to raise the Colony of Georgia, and promote its Happiness, They are to deliver it over to such hands, as leave them no Room to doubt but that, by the Blessing of God on the Honest Industry, and good Disposition of the Inhabitants, They shall have the Pleasure to see the Province thrive apace, and become Considerable enough in a few Years to Convince the most Prejudiced against it, that the Trustees have always judged right in representing Georgia, as a very Valuable Part of his Majestys Dominions.

The Trustees are Determined to persevere in the utmost Endeavours for its Welfare, during the short Continuance of their Authority as Such, when that shall cease, They will never Cease in their private Capacities to improve every Opportunity of doing the best Offices in their Power to the Colony.

For my own Part, I have always been most sincerely Attached to the Interest of the Colony, and the Prosperity of all the Inhabitants, and I have the most gratefull Sense of the Marks you have given me of your Approbation and Esteem, which I shall endeavour to Cultivate, if a future Opportunity should be given me of Convincing you how much.

P.S. January the 25th.

I can now with Pleasure acquaint you, that the Administration of the Government will be appointed by, and the Care of the Colony afterwards will be lodged, in the Lords Commrs. for Trade and Plantations, at which Board the Earl of Halifax presides, Who, as well as the other Lords, has a just Sense of the Importance of the Colony, which is evident from their Report, which as I acquainted you before, was very full and favourable on its Behalf.


Benjamin Martyn to James Habersham, Jan. 24, 1752, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, pp. 120-122, concerning opening of filatures, comparison of Ga. with Italy and France for silk culture, Trustees have secured all Georgians wanted and independence for Ga., and encouragement of silk culture. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Sir

I have not had an Opportunity of writing to you since the 8th. of November last, by the Live Oak Capt. Rogers, tho I have received since then, the Box by the Charming Martha Capt. Lesslie, with the several Letters and the Proceedings of the President and Assistants &c and your Journal, which I immediately laid before the Trustees. The Success which attended the opening of the Filature and carrying on the Reeling Work therein, which made it Obvious to every Spectator with how much facility this Valuable Culture of Silk may be extended, to such an Advantage, that it may soon set the Colony of Georgia on a foot with any of the Provinces, gave the highest Pleasure to the Trustees, and has given them an Opportunity of making many Converts among the People of Consequence, who were incredulous on this Point before; And surely the least Reflection on the vast Benefits which must arise from this to the Planters, will make these Exert themselves with the utmost Alacrity; By your Accounts the Advantages on the Side of Georgia are vastly Superior to what they have in Italy, and the Southern Parts of France; In the first One Ounce of Eggs produces an hundred; In Italy and France, not above thirty Ounces. In Georgia 11 lbs. of Cocoons produce from 22 1/2 to 24 1/2 Ounces of Silk, in Italy between 16 & 18 Ounces. Both these Instances, plainly shew, how much stronger the Worms are, and so perhaps dos the earlier hatching of them, at least it proves as they are hatched in Georgia in the Month of April, and in Italy not till the middle of June, the Georgia Silk may be brought earlier to Market than even the Italian. In the coldest Parts of Italy they usually continue reeling from 50 to 70 days, and in the warmer part from 70 to 90 days; Georgia is still much warmer than the warmest Parts of Italy, but however, supposing they only continue 50 days, and a Woman reels off 22 1/2 Ounces each day, the produce from her Labour will be 70 lbs.: 5 oz of Silk, by which 56:5:- will be gained at only a Shilling an Ounce for the Silk, and in this I confine my Self to the lowest Price, as I have to the lowest Calculations; These great Advantages cannot be too frequently recommended to the People, nor can their sending their Daughters, and even their young Female Negroes to the Filatures to learn the Art of reeling, for in this Respect the Planters are on a better foot than Men are in most other Countries, for the more Daughters and other Females a Planter has in his Family, the richer he will be. There are now about 1900 White People in the Province, and if 500 only of these can acquire the Art of reeling (and it is now found to be no difficult Task) there will be 35,156 lbs. 4 Ounces of Silk raised in a year, which at 16s only a pound Averdupois, will be worth 28,125- Sterling. How profitable a Staple may this soon be brought to be, and with little Trouble, by People who are perhaps of least Use in other Produces, and with no Drawbacks from the Planters Profit, like what there are in Italy, for the Eggs are his own, so are the Mulberry Trees (and these it is evident can be raised in vast Abundance, and speedily) and the Wood necessary to be burnt under the Copper Basons is likewise his own; and this article alone in Italy is generally Calculated to Cost as much as the Labour Each day of reeling the Silk, which is 18d. a good Reeler, and 9d. for a Boy or Girl to turn the Wheel.

I now must Acquaint you, that tho the Trustees are about to Surrender their Trust into the hands of his Majesty (an Account of which you will see fully Set forth and explaind in my Letter to the President and Assistants). They have fully Secured, I may Venture to Assure you, all the Principal Points the Inhabitants of the Colony would wish for, and in particular the Independency of the Colony, the Setting aside of the Old Claims of People in South Carolina under Obsolete Grants, and a Reduction of the Quit Rents, and I doubt not a Remission of Arrears of them, which may be due at this time; An Administration of Government will soon be Settled, and I am persuaded to the Satisfaction of the Inhabitants, and Those who will most probably have in England the appointing and directing afterwards the Administration of Government in Georgia, are extreamly well disposed to Encourage and promote the Culture of Silk; And They will have a much greater Power of Effecting this, than the Trustees could ever procure; I have desired Mr. [Pickering] Robinson to send me, as soon as possible, some Computation of what he can judge, with his Reasons for it, will be the Increase of Silk this Season. I forgot to add, and of the following Year, which I must desire you to Supply, and to Send me, as it may prove of great Consequence. I look on my Letters to Mr. Robinson, and you, on this head, tho separate Ones, to be written as to both, as I do not doubt but you will Communicate them and as I am persuaded you act with the greatest Harmony, Both being in pursuit of the same Object, the Service of the Colony, and the Good of the Publick.


Harman Verelst to James Habersham, Jan. 27, 1752, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 122, telling of shipping copper basins for silk culture. By the Charming Martha, Capt. Lesslie.

Sir

By the Charming Martha Capt. Lesslie, under Consignment to Messrs. Smith and Gordon at Port Royal in South Carolina, to be forwarded to you, You will receive three Cases markd G x C No. 1 to 3, containing 12 more Copper Basons of the same Sorts & Dimensions as the 12 which were sent by the Live Oak Capt. Rodger in November last for Use in the Silk Culture. Of which you will please to Acquaint Mr. [Pickering] Robinson.


Benjamin Martyn to Secretary at War Henry Fox, March 4, 1752, no place of writing given, C.O. 5/669, p. 123, informing him of the surrender of Ga. by the Trustees and ending of Trust aid to soldiers in Ga.

Sir

The Georgia Trustees being soon to Surrender their Trust into the hands of His Majesty, They think it incumbent on them, to Acquaint you therewith, as They shall not be able to furnish the Detachments of Troops stationed in Georgia, with Provisions beyond Midsummer next; And as by the Dissolution of the Trust, the Certifying the Services of the Scout Boat, and the Payments for the same, cannot go any longer thro their Channel.


Benjamin Martyn to the Rev. John Martin Bolzius, March 4 & 16, 1752, London, C.O. 5/669, pp. 123-125, concerning arrival of Germans in Ga., poor people in Carolina, escaped Ga. servants in Carolina, encouragement of silk culture, and sale of Ga. silk at high prices. By the Fortrose, Capt. Mackenzie.

Sir

I have recd the Favour of yours dated November the 27th. last, by the Antelope Capt. Mac Clellan, who has given the Trustees great Satisfaction by his Care of the Germans whom he carried over, which indeed the Trustees have always recommended in the strongest manner to the several Captains, who have been concerned in any Embarkations for Georgia. The Trustees read with great Concern the Paragraph in your Letter relating to the poor People, who were sent to Carolina by the Merchants Messrs. Hope of Rotterdam, who had evidently no View to the Welfare of those Unfortunate Emigrants, but Solely to their own Interest. The Trustees have shewn your Letter to a great Man, who will have the Power perhaps to prevent in a great Measure such Misconduct for the future, and has a Disposition to do it; I mean the Earl of Halifax, who presides at the Board of Trade and Plantations; He will likewise be able to check the Governor of South Carolina, from inviting, or at least receiving into, and harbouring in that Province, the runaway Servants from your Settlements, and will have more Power to procure them to be restored, than the Trustees could have.

The Trustees hope that the Filature is Erected by this time at Ebenezer, as They sent Directions for it in last August. The Sight of so many People at Work in Reeling, in a commodious Place, will, it is to be hoped, animate all the Inhabitants of your Settlement, to pursue with Zeal their own Interest in this Culture; And give me leave to Say, the greater Progress They make in it, the more sensible They will be every Year of the Advantages. It is very plain, that the Climate of Georgia is fitter for this produce, than even any part of Italy, for, by Mr. [James] Habershams Account of the Reeling in the Filature at Savanah last Season, it appears that the Cocoons yield almost a third more Silk, than they do in Italy, and that the produce of Eggs is double the Quantity of what is produced from the same Number in Italy, which are the greatest Proofs that can be given of the Superior Strength of the Worms; I must therefore again desire you Sir to Exhort all the People under your Influence, as well as new Comers, as the Old Inhabitants, to lose no time in raising all the Mulberry Trees They possibly can. Mr. [Samuel] Lloyd says that in Italy, even in the coldest Parts of it, They are employed in Reeling from 50 to 70 days, and in the warmer Parts from 70 to 90 days, and even longer. Georgia is warmer than any Part of Italy, (to which undoubtedly is owing the greater Strength of the Worms) as therefore the Food for the Worms increases, the Quantity of Cocoons will increase likewise, and the Employment in Reeling will soon come to Continue as long in Georgia every Season, as in the warmest Parts of Italy. If then a Woman can reel off in one day 20 Ounces of Silk (and five of the Women in the Filature reeled off even the first day last Year from 22 1/2 to 24 1/2 Ounces). And if this Silk will produce at least Is. an Ounce, She will earn from 50 to 80 or 90 in a Season; Surely this must be a great Encouragement for all the People to Apply themselves to this Culture with the utmost Industry, as the most profitable, and the soonest capable of being so of any Produce whatsoever; I dont say this from any Doubts I have of your receiving under the Lords for Trade and Plantations, who will have the future Care of the Colony, the same Encouragements for some time, as have been given by the Trustees, for I am persuaded you will have them, if there appears by the Progress made in the Culture of Silk, any Reason for inducing the Government here, to believe it will become a considerable Staple.

March 16th, 1752

Since I wrote the above, there has been a publick Auction of the Silk which was raised last Year in Georgia, and brought home by the Charming Martha Capt. Lesslie. There was a great Number of Merchants, Weavers, and other Persons versd in the Silk Business at the Sale. It met with a general Approbation, and sold at so high a Price as 20s. and 20s. and 4d. a pound of 16 Ounces, which is at last is. & 3d. an Ounce; Whereas in the foregoing Paragraph I supposed the Value to be but Is. an Ounce. I am persuaded I need not Add any Thing to this Relation of the Sale, to Animate you, and by your Means the Inhabitants of Ebenezer, to Apply themselves with all the Assiduity They can to planting of Mulberry Trees, and learning the Art of reeling. They will soon reap the most fruitfull Harvests, which I hope you will long enjoy the Satisfaction of seeing.


Benjamin Martyn to the President and Assistants in Ga., March 8, 1752, New Bond St., London,51 C.O. 5/669, pp. 125-127, concerning new government for Ga., Trustee transition period, Trustee bills and salaries to be paid, encouragement to silk culture, dismissal of Samuel Marcer as Assistant and Bailiff, Edward Holt, and final Trustee accounts. By the Fortrose, Capt. Mackenzie; by the Industry, Capt. Pearson.

Sir & Gentlemen

Finding that I can write a few Lines by Capt. Mackenzie, who is to fall down the River tomorrow, I cannot neglect the Opportunity of confirming what I wrote to you in the Postcript of my Letter dated January the 21st. vizt. That the Government of the Colony will for the future be under the immediate Care and Inspection of the Lords Commissioners for Trade and Plantations, who will have the Appointment, not only of the several Officers in the Civil Government in Georgia, but the other Provinces also in America; You may therefore, and so may all the Inhabitants, depend on all your Rights and Interest being fully secured and protected, and that the Prosperity of the Province will be duly Attended to, and promoted with greater Vigour than the Trustees have been Enabled to do, with regard both to the Improvement of the several Produces, Especially the Silk, and the Increase of the Colony, by large Embarkations from time to time. I told you in that Letter of January 21st. that the Trustees would recommend you all in your respective Stations to the Lords of Trade, this They have done, and have no Doubts but you will find the good Effects of their Recommendation. I must again Acquaint you, that the Trustees will certainly provide for all the Expences orderd by them on the Silk, or on other Accounts for this Year, and likewise for all the Expences in the Estimate up to Midsummer next, not by Sola Bills which it would be improper to send, as the Trustees Term of Government is so near expiring, but by Bills drawn on me, and the Letters of Advice specifying them to be drawn for the Services of the Trust, and for what Services, and these to be Certified by you Sir, as President, and Mr. [James] Habersham as Secretary; Tho I say, the Expences will be defrayd up to Midsummer by the Trustees, They may be possibly carried on by them beyond that time, if the new Form of Government is not Established before the King goes to Hanover, which will be in about a Month; However, at all Events You, and the other Officers in the Province are to continue to Act in your respective Stations till the new Form of Government and the Powers thereof arrive, and You may depend on the several Salaries being paid till then.

The Trustees are sorry to find the Inhabitants have not put that Confidence in them, which They might safely have done, in regard to the Silk, and have so far given Way to their own fears, and the idle Reports from the Neighbouring Province; That after having discovered so much Zeal, as They did on Seeing the Progress of the Silk Culture in the Filatures last Season, They have since become negligent of planting their Mulberry Trees, as if willing to give up all Thoughts of the Culture; The Trustees therefore hope you will All of you endeavour to revive that Spirit, or raise it where there was none before, for making Mulberry Plantations as general as possible, being assured that the utmost Encouragements will be given, and regularly Supported for a proper time for this Culture, if the Government here can see that Silk is likely to become a considerable Staple; And of this every Person in the Province must be convinced, who will allow himself but an hour to reflect on the quick Growth of the Mulberry Trees in Georgia, the Quantity of Silk reeld from the Cocoons, one third more than in Italy from the same Quantity of Cocoons, the large Increase from the Silkworms Eggs, double what it is in Italy, and the constant Demand for the Silk in England, and the great Value for it. That the Trustees may do all in their Power to promote it, and to Encourage the People to persevere they now repeat their Orders, which They sent in August last, for the Additional Filature to be erected at Savanah, of the Dimensions proposed by Mr. [Pickering] Robinson, and the Other at Ebenezer, if not already built; The Bills for Payments for these must be drawn on me at Samuel Lloyds Esqr., and yours Sir and Mr. [James] Habershams Certificates of the same, or Letters of Advice to me of them, must be sent thither likewise.

The Trustees have ordered me to Acquaint you that, as Mr. Saml. Marcer has not given in a regular way any Answer to your Charge against him, and your Reasons for suspending him, nor exculpated himself, They do not allow of the Payment of his Salary as Assistant from the 21st. of April 1750, the time of his Suspension. And They have, and do hereby dismiss him from the said Office, as likewise from the Office of Bailiff of the Town Court; And They have resolved to make Mr. Wm. Russel Bailiff in his Room.

The Trustees observe, that in a Letter of yours to the Accotant, dated in August last, You say, it is probable You shall be obliged to Send Mr. [Edward] Holt to England. They are sorry he has so misbehavd himself as You represent; but however, if he chuses to return with his Wife to England, rather than continue in Georgia, and be a Planter, They will be at the Expence of his freight to England, out of Compassion to him.

The Accounts of the Disbursements, for every Service for the Trust, up to Midsummer next, must be made out as soon as possible after, and sent me, directed to Mr. [Samuel] Lloyds.


Benjamin Martyn to Pickering Robinson, March 8, 1752, New Bond St., London, C.O. 5/669, pp. 128-129, concerning fear of Robinsons leaving Ga., Trustee recommendation of Robinson to the Board of Trade. By the Fortrose, Capt. Mackenzie.

Sir

Your Letter to me dated December 19th. from Savanah has given the Trustees an inexpressible Uneasiness, from an Apprehension that You might quit the Colony, before the Ensuing Season for the Silk begins, and before their Letters might arrive, written in January last, to Assure the Preisent and Assistants, that the Parliament had Voted a Sum to Enable them to Defray all the Expences of the raising the Silk this year. The Trustees were the more uneasy, because They knew your Knowledge, your Zeal, and your Example had tended very much to raise a Spirit in the People for promoting this Culture, and They foresaw that by this Spirit, a great Increase might be Expected, especially if the two new Filatures were erected, and by such an Increase, They were well assured the Government here would readily enter into vigorous Measures to Encourage the People by proper Bounties and Rewards, to make Silk a considerable Staple.

The Lords Commissioners for Trade and Plantations have now the Power of nominating all the Civil Officers in the other Provinces of America, and will have the same in Georgia, on the Trustees Surrender. Before the Arrival of your Letter, the Trustees had recommended you in the warmest manner to the Earl of Halifax, who presides at the Board of Trade, and have done the same since the Receipt of your Letter, in hopes that you have not left the Province; and have acquainted his Lordship, that from the Knowledge of the Silk Business, which you acquired in France, the proofs you gave of this in the Works at the Filature last Season, your Zeal, and Activity, You was extreamly proper to have the Inspection and Conduct of the Culture of Silk in general in Georgia, and to be employed by the Government for this purpose; And the Trustees have no Doubts of the good Effects of this Recommendation. And I can with Truth assure you, that Lord Halifax and the other Lords of Trade are disposed to promote the Produce of Silk with all the Vigour imaginable, and there can be no Doubt but the Encouragements for carrying on this usefull Work, will be equal to the Occasion, to their Interest for procuring such Encouragements.

Give me Leave to Say, that when the Trustees named you an Assistant, it was not from a Supposition that the small Salary annexed to that Office could be any Inducement to you to Accept of it; But as, They foreknew the Change of Government, and their own Surrender, They out of regard to you, made this Appointment, judging it most probably that the Assistants might stand as Members of the Council under a new Government. Your worthy true Friend Mr. [Samuel] Lloyd will write more fully and Satisfactorily to you on these Points than I can; But I will not Conclude, without Acquainting you with my Hopes, that I shall hear of your Continuance in Georgia, and then I am persuaded I shall hear of the Success of the Silk.


Benjamin Martyn to Samuel Marcer, March 9, 1752, London, C.O. 5/669, p. 129, dismissing him as Assistant and Bailiff. By the Fortrose, Capt. Mackenzie.

Sir

I am ordered by the Trustees for Establishing the Colony of Georgia to Acquaint you, that as you have not given any Answer to the President and Assistants, to their Charge against you, especially as their Reasons for suspending you carried in them very great Weight, They have dismissed you from the Offices of Assistant, and of third Bailiff of the Town Court at Savanah.


Benjamin Martyn to James Habersham, March 9, 1752, no place of writing given, C.O. 5/669, pp. 130-132, concerning mail received, new grants to land, encouragement to silk culture, method of Trustee payments in Ga., and Trustee officers to act until replaced. By the Fortrose, Capt. Mackenzie.

Sir

I have recd by the Antelope Capt. Mac Clellan, your Letters of the 18th. and 19th. of December last, and the Duplicates of your Letters of the 19th. and 20th. of August, and of your Journal from the 5th. of March to the 31st. of July. I have recd likewise Messrs. [Pickering] Robinsons and [Noble] Joness Account of the State of Savanah, and wish it had extended to the Settlements in the other Parts of the Province, that the Trustees might have been able (as They have desired) to deliver a clear, an exact and full Account of the whole Province, to the Lords Commissioners for Trade and Plantations, who will have the Government and Protection of it under their Care for the future; As the Trustees are disappointed in not receiving an Account of the Numbers of the present Inhabitants, They are likewise extreamly so, at not having the Descriptions of the several Lots the People are in Possession of, for which I have so often sent their Directions. The People are uneasy (Mr. Robinson acquaints Mr. [Samuel] Lloyd) at not having proper Grants to shew their Property, and yet They have neglected the doing what was requisite to enable the Trustees to make and send them such Grants; But, as you say, in your Letter of December 18th. that the President and Assistants had orderd all Persons to bring in their Claims of Land the 7th. of January last, the Trustees still hope They shall receive them before the Surrender of their Trust, that They may leave the People perfectly easy with regard to their Lots. As however, it is now certain, that the Government of the Province will be under the Inspection of the Lords Commissioners for Trade and Plantation, the People may depend on their Interests and Rights being fully secured, and that a thorough Attention will be given to the Welfare and Prosperity of the Province in general. I can venture likewise to Assure you, as you may the Inhabitants in general, that the Lords of Trade are thoroughly disposed to carry on the Culture of Silk with all the Vigour imaginable, and to procure all the necessary Bounties and Encouragements for this purpose; What these will be, you must be sensible it is impossible now to Ascertain, but most probably they will be the same which the Trustees have lately given, at least there can be no doubt but they will be full as great, as their Lordships will certainly be better enabled, and will be more regularly and powerfully supported than the Trustees have been, especially if the Progress made in the Silk next Season should give the Government here any Reason to think it may become a considerable Staple. For this purpose, I must desire you will send me an Account of this Years Produce, by the first Opportunity, and likewise some probable Calculation what the Annual Increase may be with proper Encouragements (specifying these) and your Reasons for it, arising from the Increase of the Mulberry Plantations, the Increase of Eggs, and the Number of Reelers.

As the Trustees Government is so near expiring, the sending of Sola Bills for Payments for the Cocoons, and the Silk, and the Encouragements to those who may this Year acquire the Art of Reeling, and for the defraying the Expences in the Estimate, and any Others directed by the Trustees, will not be proper, because the Time would probably be long before such Bills might be returned; And therefore the Trustees think it more adviseable, that you and Mr. [Francis] Harris, or any other Persons should (if you can without any prejudice to Your Selves) advance the Sums requisite for the aforesaid Payments (as perhaps the Persons, to whom they may be due could not Stay for them) and then to draw upon me (which They empower you to do) specifying in the Letters of Advice, that they are for Services of the Trust, and for what Services, and You may depend on the Bills being duly Accepted and paid. And as before your Bills can be recd, the Trustees may cease to have an Office in Queens Square Westmr., Youll send the Bills to me, to be left at Mr. [Samuel] Lloyds in Devonshire Square, London, and direct your Letters of Advice to me, to be left there likewise, or put them under Cover to him.

The Trustees have recommended the President and Assistants, as well as your Self, to the Lords of Trade in the strongest Manner, and You may depend (I doubt not) on the Efficacy of their Recommendations. As the actual Time for the Trustees Surrender is not yet fixed, and may not possibly take Place till after the Kings Return from Hanover, where his Majesty will be going in about a Month, the President & Assistants, and Your Self as Secretary, and all the respective Officers in the Province, are to continue to Act in your several Employments till there is a new Plan of Government Established; And You may all depend on the usual Salaries being paid, after Midsummer till the new Government takes Place.

That part of your Letter of December 18th. relating to the Silk and the People growing negligent and unconcerned about the Culture of it (being discouraged by Reports from South Carolina), and relating likewise to your Apprehensions of Mr. [Pickering] Robinsons designing to leave the Province, and your laying aside the Building of the Additional Filature at Savanah, gave the Trustees great Uneasiness; For They would not have ventured to Order the Building of the two Filatures, nor have encouraged the other Expences for the Silk, if They had not been pretty well assured of a Supply from Parliament this Year to Enable them. I shall add nothing more on this head, than the hopes that You will still go on with Vigour, and will have the Assistance of Mr. Robinson continued in this usefull Work, that the People may yet be Animated by his Example, and by Seeing the Works in the Filature to Enlarge their Plantations of Mulberry Trees, as much and as soon as possible.

The Contents of your Letter of December 19th. gave great Satisfaction.


Harman Verelst to the President and Assistants in Ga., March 14, 1752, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 132, concerning Samuel Marcers salary and stationery sent. By the Industry, Capt. Pearson.

Sir and Gentlemen

Your Letter of the 8th. of August last being laid before the Trustees, with Mr. Samuel Marcers Account, who appears over paid at Michaelmas 1750; The Trustees have determined that he has no Right to the Salary of Assistant from the day he was Suspended.

By this Conveyance you will receive a Box of Stationary, containing 1 Ream fine Writing Demy

1 Ream large Dutch Post

800 large Pens

2 pds. Super fine Wax

& 300 Colony Wafers.


Benjamin Martyn to Pickering Robinson, March 16, 1752, no place of writing given, C.O. 5/669, p. 133, concerning sale of Ga. silk and future encouragements. By the Industry, Capt. Alexr. Pearson.

Sir

Tho I know Mr. [Samuel] Lloyd will Acquint You with the general Approbation given to the Georgia Silk at a publick Auction of it last Friday, at the Exchange Coffee house, and the high Price at which it sold, vizt. 20s and 20s & 4d p lb. of 16 Ounces, yet I cannot neglect this Opportunity of assuring you that the Expectations of the Publick are greatly raised, and if there is any Appearance from this Years Produce, that their Expectations are likely to be Answered, no Encouragements I am persuaded will be wanting to Carry on the Culture to such an height, as may soon make the Province of Georgia the most considerable in North America. As You will have so great a Share in the Reputation of this, I hope you will long Enjoy all the Advantages of it.


Benjamin Martyn to the President and Assistants in Ga., March 16, 1752, London, C.O. 5/669, pp. 133-134, concerning sale of Ga. silk and future encouragements, fire engine for Ga., surrender of Trust power in Ga., and Indian treaties to remain in effect. By the Industry, Capt. Alexr. Pearson.

Sir and Gentlemen

Herewith you will receive a Copy of my Letter to you dated January 23rd. by the Charming Martha Capt. Lesslie, and a Copy of my Letter of the 8th. instant by the Fortrose Capt. Mackenzie. I have very little to Add to this last, except the telling you, that the Silk reeled in the Filature last Year, and brought home by the Charming Martha, was last friday sold by publick Auction at the Exchange Coffee house, and it went at so high a price as 20s. and 20s. and 4d. p lb. of 16 Oz. Which was higher than most Italian Silk sells at, and even at a Par with the best Piemont.52 As there was a great Appearance of Merchants, Weavers, and other Traders, and as the Silk met with a general Approbation, the Expectations of the Publick are greatly raised, of this Culture becoming highly advantagious to Great Britain; and this must of Course make the Province of Georgia, one of the most considerable in North America. From what was done in the Filature last Year (when five Women reeled off, Each of them 22 Ounces of Silk the first day) and from what is known to be the usual Produce of a Persons reeling in Italy, in which Work, in the warmer Parts, They are usually employed from 70 to 80, nay 90 days, You may easily judge, and convince all the Inhabitants of what an Advantage this Produce must be to them, in three or four Years, when They may have sufficient Stocks of Mulberry Trees.

The Trustees are not a little Surprised that They have had no Intelligence of your receiving the Fire Engine, which They sent at your Desire, which was shipped on board the Ann and Elizabeth Capt. Thomas Hunt, and the Bill of Lading was dated the 11th. of July last.

As I told you in my last, I believe the Trustees will not make the Surrender of their Trust before Midsummer, nor before Christmas I believe; But however, the Accounts of all Expences up to Midsummer must, as I then said, be made up as soon as possible, and sent to me to Samuel Lloyds Esqr.

P.S. Lest the Indians should receive any bad Impressions, by means of any idle Reports or Insinuations, with regard to the Trustees Surrender, it may be proper for you to Inform them that the Treaties, made with them by the Trustees, will remain in full force; And that the Trustees, who made the said Treaties, were Authorised by the King, who is now taking the Power into his own Hands, and is taking them into his own Protection.


Benjamin Martyn to James Habersham, March 16, 1752, London, C.O. 5/669, p. 135, concerning sale of Ga. silk and future encouragements, and Ga. accounts. By the Industry, Capt. Pearson.

Sir

I have very little to Acquaint you with, since my Letter of the 9th. Instant, sent by the Fortrose Capt. Mackenzie, except that there was last Friday a publick Auction at the Exchange Coffee house, of the Silk brought home by the Charming Martha. There was a great Appearance of Merchants, Weavers, and other Traders. The Silk was greatly and generally approved of, as You will readily judge by the high Price it went at, which was 20s. and 20s. and 4d. p lb. of 16 Oz. which is higher than most, even of the Italian Silk, sells for. You may remember that in my Letter to You, January the 24th., I supposed the Value of this Silk might be 16s. a pound of 16 Ounces, and at that rate calculated the produce of 500 Womens Labour in reeling at 28,125.- Sterl. p Ann; But at 20s. a pound, at which this Silk was sold at the Auction, the Produce would be 35,156.- Sterling. Such a Profit! That I am persuaded I need not add any Thing further to recommend the Culture of Silk. But however this I cannot help saying, the Publick Sale has showd the Value of the Produce in Georgia; It has tended to raise the Expectations of the Publick, and if these are answered in any Degree by the Produce this Season, and the Peoples applying themselves in general to the planting of Mulberry Trees, I am sure They may depend on all the Encouragements They can reasonably desire. The gaining however such an Annual Sum in the Province, as I mentioned, would of It Self be a sufficient Encouragement, and as a sufficient Stock of Trees might be raised in five or six years, and such a Number of Women might easily acquire the Art of reeling within that time, it is certainly in the Power of the Inhabitants with a little Industry and Perseverance (if They will not liston to, or be drawn away by any Whispers or idle Rumours) to Carry the Culture to such an height.

It is now thought, that the Trustees will not Surrender their Trust before Midsummer next, nor probably before Christmas next; However, (as I have acquainted the President and Assistants) the Accots. of all Expences must be made up to Midsummer, and sent over, as soon as conveniently can be after, directed to me at Samuel Lloyds Esqr.


Harman Verelst to James Habersham, April 4, 1752, Westminster, C.O. 5/669, p. 136, concerning accounts of Mrs. Harrison as midwife. By the Neptune, Capt. Rutherford.

Sir

The inclosed Accot. from Mrs. Harrison being sent over to Mr. [Samuel] Lloyd to Enquire into, I have returned it to you, with the following Observations thereon, vizt.

That the 18:10:- was not paid to Capt. Thomson, to whom Mrs. Harrison made the Sum payable to, as balance thereof.

That the 1:5:- paid her for the laying of 5 Women was so paid 11th. Janry 1743, with her half years Salary to Christmas 1743.

That the 8th. December 1744 She recd her like Salary to Midsr. 1744, but Nothing then is supposed was Charged by her for the Laying of Women, as nothin was paid, nor no Notice taken of any Claim made.

That the 29th. of August 1745 She recd her like Salary to Lady Day 1745, and no Mention of any Women laid.

That 24th. December 1746 She recd her like Salary to 25th. Septr. 1745 and no Mention of any Women laid.

And that since the Non Payment in Georgia of the above mentioned 18:10:- as balance of the said Account drawn for by her on Mr. [William] Stephens 30th. May 1747, She recd the 7.10. for her like Salary therein Charged from 25th Septr. 1745 to Lady Day 1747, at two Payments, the One on the 31st. of August 1747 of 5.- to 25th. Septr. 1746, and the Other the 10th. of December foll. of 2.10.- to Lady Day 1747.

The Question therefore remains, when the 44 Women, part of the 49 charged in the said Account by her as Inhabitants at Frederica laid by her, were so laid; And what Reasons were given for her not being paid for them, if before Claimd by her, which ought to have been at the different times of receiving her Salary as well as the 25s. for the five paid for to her the 11th. Janry. 1743, with her Salary to Christmas 1743. And if this can be made out to the Satisfaction of the President & Assistants, that such Inhabitants were delivered by her, and were Poor, and for which She has recd no Satisfaction, it is but Justice to pay her for the said 44, or so many as shall appear fit Objects for such Relief.


Benjamin Martyn to the President and Assistants in Ga., April 7, 1752, London, C.O. 5/669, pp. 137-138, concerning dismissal of Samuel Marcer and appointment of William Russell, land grants, Trustees giving up authority in Ga. By the Neptune, Capt. Rutherford.

Sir and Gentlemen

I acquainted you in my Letter dated March 8th. that the Trustees had absolutely dismissd Mr. [Samuel] Marcer from the Offices of Assistants, and third Bailiff of the Town Court, and that Mr. William Russell was made third Bailiff in his Room. Mr. Russells Appointment, under the Seal of the Corporation, is herewith sent to You.

The Trustees have since my last resolved to grant 500 Acres of Land to Each of the following Persons. vizt. Mr. James Campbell, Mr. John Williams, Mr. Roderick Gwynn, Mr. William Aldridge, and Mr. George Applebee. These Gentlemen have had Notice given them, that They must inmediately go over themselves, or send proper Agents to get the Lands surveyd, and to Enter on, and take possession of the same by cultivating some parts thereof.

The Trustees are not a little disappointed to find so many Ships are coming from South Carolina, and that no Packet arrives by any of them with the Descriptions of the Peoples Lands, which They have so much desired, and which I have so often wrote for; However, that every Persons Property and Right to it may stand as clear and unexceptionable as possible, you must exhort the Inhabitants, who have any Minutes made by you at your Meetings for Lands, of which They have not yet taken Possession, to get the same surveyd, and to Cultivate some Parts thereof without Loss of Time.

I acquainted you in my Letter dated the 3d. of October last, by the Success Capt. Isaack, that the Trustees had resolved to grant 500 Acres of Land to Each of the following ten Persons. vizt. Messrs. John Stevenson, James Dennestone, Michael Herries, Alexander Walker, Andrew Blackburn, James Johnson, William Crawford, John Crawford, James Walker, and Richard Oswald. As these Gentlemen have, I believe, altered their Minds, by having given up to me the Letter which I wrote to you, and delivered to them, in which the Resolution of the Trustees was signified, there will be no Occasion to make any Reserve of Lands on their Account.

I acquainted you in my Letter March 16th. by the Industry Capt. Pearson, that it was as yet doubtfull whether the Trustees would surrender at Midsummer, or stay till after the Kings Return from Germany, which may be a little before Christmas; But however, at all Events You and all the several Persons in the Trustees Estimate were to Continue to Act in your Respective Stations, till a new Form of Government should take Place in the Colony. That You may see how fully Authorised You will be to Act in such manner. It has been referred by the Privy Council, and the Lords of Trade, to the Attorney and Sollicitor General, to Consider and report in what manner you may be empowered to Act; And They have reported, that the proper Method will by a Proclamation, upon which the Attorney and Sollicitor have been directed to draw up such a Proclamation. The first Opportunity that offers, after it is settled and signed, I will certainly acquaint you with it.


Benjamin Martyn to James Habersham, April 7, 1752, London, C.O. 5/669, pp. 138-139, concerning Pickering Robinson and silk culture and surrender of Trustee authority in Ga. By the Neptuen, Capt. Rutherford.

Sir

As I have an Opportunity of writing two or three Lines to you by Capt. Rutherford, I make Use of it with Pleasure to let you know, that your Letter to Mr. [Samuel] Lloyd, acquainting him with the Return of Mr. [Pickering] Robinson to Savanah, and his taking his Place with Mr. [Francis] Harris at the Board of Assistants, gave the Trustees the highest Satisfaction. Tho You have said Nothing about the erecting of the second Filature, the Trustees hope Mr. Robinsons Return was early enough to get this compleated soon enough for the Silk Season.

You will find by my Letter to the President and Assistants of this day, that a Proclamation is preparing by the Attorney and Sollicitor General to Empower You all to Act in your respective Stations from the time of the Surrender, till the new Form of Government shall take Place in the Colony; From hence You may reasonably Conclude that the Surrender will be at Midsummer, or before, and that a Regard will be had to you, in the establishing of the future Government. However, tho the Surrender may be made before Midsummer, a certain Number of the Trustees will be authorized to dispose of the Money granted in the last Session, and to deliver the Accounts of the same to the proper Offices here. The Accounts of all Disbursements up to Midsummer must therefore, as I acqauinted you in my Letter of March the 16th. be made out as soon as possible, and sent over to me.


Benjamin Martyn to William Russell, April 7, 1752, London, C.O. 5/669, p. 139, informing him of his appointment as Third Bailiff of the Town Court at Savannah. By the Neptune, Capt. Rutherford.

Sir

The Trustees having appointed you third Bailiff of the Town Court at Savanah, in the room of Mr. Samuel Marcer, your Appointment for the said Office, under the Seal of the Corporation, is sent by this Conveyance to the President and Assistants, to be delivered to you; And the Trustees have no Doubt, but your Conduct will very well justify the Choice They have made.



1. The letters are given in order in CRG, XXIV, 349-351, 353-358. The list of inhabitants has not been found. It was noted as received by the Trustees in their meeting of Aug. 19, 1745. CRG, I, 472.

2. Samuel Johnsons A Dictionary of the English Language (London, 1755; reprint, London, 1983), gives one meaning of main as a hand at dice. This is evidently the meaning here.

3. A game of dice.

4. Jethro Tull was an eighteenth-century English agricultural reformer, especially noted for his new methods of plowing.

5. Zeigenhagen was chaplain to the Royal Lutheran Chapel in London and often concerned with Salzburger affairs.

6. The Rev. Hermann Henry Lemke.

7. This list is below pp. 17-22.

8. This letter has not been located.

9. There is confusion in the E. Merton Coulter and Albert B. Saye, eds., List of Early Settlers of Georgia (Athens, 1949) about the deaths of Michael and Peter Germain and the remarrying of their widows. See under Peter and Anne Emery (pp. 72-73) and Michael and Peter Germain and their families (p. 75). Evidently Emery married Anne Germain, the widow of Will Germain, not Michael Germain as the List says.

10. Bull, Thomas Causton, Capt. Quarme, and several others died on board the Judith on the way to Ga. See CRG, XXV, 8.

11. A town located on Portsmouth harbor, opposite Portsmouth.

12 None of these servants are included in the List of Early Settlers, which ends in 1741.

13 In the original manuscript this word looks like Salvors (one who engages in salvage), though it could be Labour which makes more sense here.

14. This memorial has not been located, but it is summarized in the minutes of the Trustees for May 19, 1746. CRG, I, 487-488.

15. Von Munch and the Rev. Samuel Urlesperger, both of Augsburg, were elected Corresponding Members of the Trust at the March 19, 1746/7, meeting of the Trustees. CRG, I, 499.

16. This translation was made by Professor Lee B. Kennett of the History Dept., Univ. of Ga.

17. Neither of these letters has been located.

18. The List of Early Settlers gives John, a son, and Constance, a daughter, both born in Ga.; but no birth dates are given.

19. Bazel, bazil, or basil was sheep skin tanned in bark.

20. A large cask of varying capacity.

21. This letter has not been located.

22. This letter has not been located, but is summarized in the Trustees minutes of Dec. 21, 1747, CRG, I, 505.

23. John Ludwig Meyer was a surgeon who arrived in Ga. in 1741, settled at Ebenezer, and seems to have been selected by Bolzius as an assistant in secular affairs. References to him are found in CRG, XXV and XXVI.

24. Made into a twisted yarn used as the warp thread in fine fabrics.

25. The Duke of Bedford was Secretary of State for the Southern Department, which would handle the peace negotiations of 1748.

26. This letter has not been located.

27. Penelope Fitzwalter came on the Ann with her first husband John Wright. He died in December 1737. Afterwards she married Jospeh Fitzwalter, the gardner of the Trustees Garden in Savannah. He died Oct. 28, 1742. Joseph Fitzwalter was appointed wharfinger on Dec. 31, 1741. Upon Penelopes request, she was given the office after Josephs death. CRG, VI, 20, 51; XXV, 337-338.

28. This letter has not been located.

29. The letters of May 20 and 23 are in CRG, XXV, pp. 295-298, but that of May 27 has not been located.

30. The letter of May 3 is in CRG, XXV, pp. 286-290, but those of May 9 and June 1 have not been located.

31. The letter of June 12 is in CRG, XXV, 298-300, but that of May 9 with the postcript of June 1 has not been located.

32. This letter is printed above pp. 110-112.

33. This letter has not been located.

34. This letter is not in the Trustees letter book.

35. This letter has not been located.

36. This letter has not been located. There are no minutes of a meeting of the Trustees nor of their Common Council on Aug. 1, 1749, nor can any record of such a letter be found in the minutes of either body. See CRG, I and II.

37. This letter has not been located.

38. These objections of Bolzius are not in his letter of May 24, but in that of July 6, 1749. See CRG, XXV, 382-385.

39. This letter has not been located, but Bolzius mentions this bill in his letter of May 16, 1749, to Verelst. CRG, XXV, 372.

40. A kind of paper originally with a pot as a watermark.

41. This letter has not been located.

42. The representation on the Negro Act is apparently dated 26 Oct. 1749. The minutes of the Common Council for April 11, 1750, give the date of the letters to Martyn and Verelst as 18 Jan. 1749/50.

See CRG, XXV, 430-447, 453-468; II, 504-505.

43. This letter has not been located.

44. This letter has not been located.

45. This petition has not been located.

46. Frances Cox married Lt. James Watts after the death of her husband, Will Cox, in 1733. She and her children (Eunice and Will) returned to England in 1734 after the death of Watts. There is an earlier reference to her property in CRG, XXX, 314-315.

47. This should be July 25, not 21. CRG, VI, 328.

48. No copy of this letter has been found but it is treated in the Trustees minutes of Aug. 24, 1751. CRG, I. 566-567.

49. On Jan. 1, 1752, the British Empire adopted the Gregorian Calendar which began the year on January 1, rather than March 25 as had the old Julian Calendar. Hence the custom of using double year dates between January 1 and March 25, as used in this volume, was discontinued.

50. CRG, I, 558-559.

51. In the May 6, 1752, Trustee minutes an entry directs that papers and books at Harman Verelsts house (where the Trustee office has been located since June 1742) be removed to Mr. Shropshires Bookseller in New Bond Street. Henceforth Martyns letters are dated from London. The two remaining letters which Verelst wrote were headed from the Georgia Office, Westminster. The post office was to be directed to deliver all mail addressed to Martyn or Verelst at the Georgia Office to the New Bond Street address. CRG, I, 576.

52. Piemonte is the Italian spelling of Piedmont, that part of Northern Italy where silk was raised in the eighteenth century.

INDEX

Abbott, William, Kingss storekeeper at Frederica, 214

Abercorn Creek, wild cattle on, 101-102

Accounts, copies of those taken at sea needed, 106-107

received from William Stephens, 10

to be investigated, 210-212

to Michaelmas 1749, 217

to Michaelmas 1750, 218

of expenses in Ga. needed, 276, 277, 280

Acton, Bartholomew Zouberbuhler to hold services at, 30

clergyman for, 52-53, 54-55, 75

industry revived and cloth manufactured, 142

parcels sent for, 92

plows and other things sent for, 94, 95

schoolmaster, 55

silk culture, 59, 70, 71, 102

wild cattle for, 102

Admiralty, requested to send mail to Ga. via naval vessels, 51-52

Adventure Man of War, brings mail for Ga., 50, 64, 69, 75, 80

Agriculture in pine land, account by John Martin Bolzius, 3-4

Aldridge, William, land grant, 279

Aldworth, Richard Nevi 1, boat for soldiers stationed in Ga., 154-155, 205-206

Bosomworth troubles, 182-183

218-219

Indian presents, 153-155, 182-183, 189-190

informed German protestants in England, 135

William Russell recommended to be naval officer in Ga., 160-161

Algionby, William, land grant, 19

Ambrose, John, trust grant, 20

Amory, John, land grant, 19

Amyand, Claudius, secretary to the Duke of Holderness, 247-248

Anderson, Elizabeth, aids silk culture, 116, 129, 165, 197-198

needs better house, 197

Ann and Elizabeth, brings mail for Ga., 235, 236

Anson, brings mail for Ga., 84, 85, 87, 88

Antelope, brings Germans to Ga., 243, 244, 267

brings mail for Ga., 238, 241, 242, 243, 244, 247, 248

Anvil, sent to Thomas Lee, 146, 151-152

Apollo, to come to Ga., 148

Applebee, George, land grant, 279

Appointment of officials, commissions sent to Ga., 80

Arscott, Capt., lost parcels for Ebenezer, 88, 94

Artisans, not allowed to have Negro apprentices, 145

Arundel, brings mail for Ga., 95, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102

Assembly of people in Ga., authorized by Trustees, 206-207

instructions for sent, 198, 203

not allowed to make laws, 232

to be made permanent, 231

representations of, 231-233, 238

Trustees disapprove recommendation for a court of equity, 232

Trustees want to know about, 222

Trustees well pleased with, 231

Assistants, appointment of new ones, 8, 125, 126, 130, 191, 235, 270

at disbanding of regiment, 117, 124

report on items at Frederica, 162

to be recommended by Trustees to government, 257

courts of to be held on stated days, 192

Associates of the Late Dr. Bray, to pay salary of Joseph Ottolenghe, 229, 258

Augusta, church at, 206, 220-221, 223, 224, 225

conservators of the peace appointed, 191, 235

court at desired, 9

land for support of religion, 206

missionary for, 206, 214-215, 220-221

Negroes at, 57

number of freeholders, 9

power of Capt. Kent, 57

public house at, 57

soldiers to be stationed there, 117

to be sent two deputies to Assembly, 207

Augustine, Walter, land grant, 19, 172

Austin and Laurens, Bartholomew Zouberbuhler draws bill on, 247

Avery, Joseph, died, 45, 58

payments as surveyor, 65

surveys made, 8-9, 56

Avery, Margaret, accounts of her late husband, 65

refuses to give up husbands surveys, 8-9

Backs hell, William, land grant, 263

Baillie, John, land grant, 18

Baillie, Thomas, land grant, 19

Baillon, Peter, Negroes on his plantation?, 102

Baker, John, land grant, 19

Barker, Samuel, land grant, 257, 263

Barley mill, at Ebenezer, 4

Barnes, John, trust grant, 20

Basins, for Salzburger silk culture, 171, 172

for silk reelers, 204, 207, 214, 250, 253, 254, 261, 266

Bateman, William, land grant, 18

Bathurst, Sir Francis, land grant, 18

Bearcroft, Dr. Philip, concern about Thomas Bosomworths return to England, 28

asked to support Bartholomew Zouberbuhler, 30

Beckford, William, to purchase lumber from Ebenezer, 86, 96, 99

Bedford, Duke of, accounts of Lt. Col. Alexander Heron, 154-156, 204

boat for soldiers stationed in Ga., 154-158, 205-206

Bosomworth troubles, 178-179, 182-183, 216, 218-219

disbanding of Oglethorpes regiment, 110-111

expenses of Indian relations, 189-190

Indian present distribution, 99-100, 103, 122, 153-154, 182-183

Indian presents purchase, 92-93

James Crokatts ideas on Indian presents, 187

Martyn letter printed in Dutch and English newspapers, 126-128

Patrick Grahams journal laid before, 153

soldiers to be stationed at Augusta, 120

southern boundary of Ga., 91-92

told of German protestants coming to England, 135

Treaty of Madrid sent to Ga., 227

William Russell recommended to be naval officer in Ga., 160-161

Bellegrade, Capt., brings packages for Salzburgers, 50

Bellows, smiths, sent to Ga., 87, 146, 151-152

Bethesda, list of inhabitants, 1, 16

see Orphan House

Betsey, brings mail for Ga., 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 70, 72, 73

brings parcels for Ga., 50, 51, 66, 70-72

feared taken by enemy, 82, 83

Bickler, Thomas, appointed constable at Ebenezer, 101, 102

Billinghurts, James, application for grant of land, 79

to settle in Ga., 28

Bills of exchange, for silk culture paid, 248, 249

funds in William Hoptons hands, 109

not to be drawn on Trustees, 74

received in Ga., 65

to pay final Trustee expenses in Ga., 269, 273-274

to pay for Indian presents distribution, 177-178

Bishop, Philip, land grant, 17

Bishop of London, asked to back Bartholomew Zouberhubler as minister to Savannah, 28, 29

Blackburn, Andrew, applies for land in Ga., 249

no land grant for, 279

Blair, David, land grant, 19

Board of Trade, favorable to Ga. remaining a separate colony, 238

see Lords of Trade and Plantations

Boat, for pilot at Tybee, 233

for soldiers stationed in Ga., 142, 147, 151, 154-158, 161, 174-175, 205-206, 214, 251-253, 267

report on by Habersham, 201

Boats and vessels in Ga., return of, 183

Bodel, Leonard, comes to Ga., 199, 204

Bogg, Capt. Peter, brings mail for Ga., 139, 143, 144, 147, 149, 152, 153

brings parcels for Ga., 92

Bolzius, Rev. John Martin, asks for land about Ebenezer Creek, 38-39

bill of exchange paid, 167, 171

gift of 20 from Trustees, 167, 171

given 20 for repairs on his house, 202

gown and clothing for, 61-62, 72-73

hired plantation in S. C., 101

hopes to secure servants for Ebenezer, 105

informed of silk and lost parcels, 93-94

journal to Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, 4

leadership at Ebenezer, 85-86, 173-174

letters and journal received, 41, 106, 109, 131

letters to, 3, 41, 49, 60, 63, 72, 83, 85, 88, 93, 98, 100, 106, 109, 112, 118, 131, 133, 143, 148, 162, 166, 167, 180, 183, 186, 187, 201, 203, 215, 223, 229, 241, 244, 254, 267

manages secular affairs in Ebenezer, 85-86

method of preventing idleness among Salzburgers, 42

opinion on German servants recently arrived, 189

opposition to Negroes in Ga., 62, 77, 85

parcels feared captured by the enemy, 83

parcels for, 23, 49, 50, 88, 133-134, 215, 240

parcels lost, 88

payment for cattle bought of Trustees, 212

pleased with proposed Negro Act, 186

president and assistants to help, 15

reports Salzburger activities, 3-6, 85, 98

silk cocoons received from, 109

silk culture, 63-64, 114, 162, 163, 166-172, 184, 215, 241

silk worm seed sent for, 166, 178, 180, 181

supplies sent for, 71, 92

to aid in distribution of servants, 15

to certify expenses of John Ludwig Meyer, 97, 99

to collect information for new land grants, 203

to pay Salzburgers for silk, 113, 129, 139, 173-174, 180, 220, 222-224

told of defense measures for Ga., 136

Trustees payment to, 255-256, 261

Trustees pleased with, 41, 60-62

see Ebenezer and Salzburgers

Books, sent to Rev. Bartholomew Zouberbuhler, 151

sent for Salzburgers, 229-230, 242, 243, 244

Books & papers, sent to Ga., 25

Boorman, John Michael, comes to Ga., 26

Boorman, Maria Effa, comes to Ga., 26

Bosomworth, Abraham, payment to out of Indian presents, 160

to distribute Indian presents for S. C., 159, 182

Bosomworth, Mary, asks land at Yamacraw and payment of salary, 44

bounty for crops requested, 44-45

demands for land, 164

Indian interpreter, 182

Indian presents to be given to, 159

instructions on Trustee regulations, 79

relations with Yamacraw Indians, 59

troubles at Savannah, 182-183

visit to Upper Creeks, 216

Bosomworth, Rev. Thomas, accepting land grants from Indians, 98

bad behaviours, 218-219

claims Yamacraw lands, 44, 74, 79, 193-194, 231

demands and Indian trouble, 164, 178-179, 182-183

drawn bills of exchange on Trustees, 45

furniture from parsonage, 74, 75

gives Trustees information, 17

Negroes on his plantation, 56, 79

paid by SPG, 33

resigns as missionary to Savannah, 29, 30

returns to England, 28

Bosomworths right to Creek lands, disavowed by Lower Creeks, 262

Bostock, Capt., mail received after capture, 126

taken by enemy, 92, 95

Bounty, on silk, 3, 45, 165-166, 168-169, 175-177, 220

for crops raised requested by Mary Bosomworth, 44-45

on corn, pease, and potatoes, ll

Boyd, Thomas, land grant, 19

Boyton, Capt. Henry, brings mail for Ga., 112, 113, 115, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126

Bradley, William, land grant, 19

Brakefield, Elizabeth, comes to Ga., 26

Brakefield, John Windall, comes to Ga., 26

Bray, Associates of Dr., support of Joseph Ottolenghe, 258

Bricks, Thomas Salter proposes to make, 74

Brigham, George, land grant, 18

British, not doing well in Ga., 58-59

Broughton, Thomas, bill of exchange by John Martin Bolzius on paid, 167, 171

recommended Edward Holt as schoolmaster, 163, 215

Brown, John, land grant, 19

Brownfield, John, trust grant, 21

Brownlow, brings mail from Ga., 178

Buckman, George, trust grant, 20

Bull, James, comes to Ga., 16-17

death, 43

effects of, 94, 211-212

may be recommended for assistant, 33

Burkholder, Michael, to aid in distribution of servants, 15

Cadogan, Capt. George, church at Augusta, 206, 224-225

informed of missionary for Augusta, 214-215, 220-221

Calvert, William, trust grant, 20

Calwell, John, appointment as conservator of the peace, 59, 63, 66

land grant, 59, 62-63

suspension as bailiff, 31

Campbell, Archibald, application for grant of land, 79

Campbell, James, appointed conservator of the peace, 235

church at Augusta, 206, 224-225

land grant, 78, 279

Campbell, Laird of Urie, brings mail from Ga., 231

Camuse, Jane Mary, bad behaviour, 74

instructions in silk winding, 36, 39, 58, 164

produced any silk?, 219

Canterbury, Archbishop of, requests missionary for Augusta, 206, 214-215

Carolina, brings mail for Ga., 109

Carolina ships, taken by enemy, 50

Carpenters schedule of prices, disapproved by Trustees, 59

Carr, Mark, Trustees approve for admiralty judge for Ga., 90

Carteret, James, land grant, 20

Catawba Indians, to be licensed by S.C., 234

Cattle, book on diseases sent, 5, 17

number at cowpen, 39-40

sale of those on Skidoway Island, 84-85

sold at cowpen, 199

sold by Trustees to Salzburgers, 202, 212

sold for use of army in Ga., 36

wild, to be destroyed, 15, 86, 101-102, 130, 143

Causton, Thomas, accounts, 8, 22-23

accounts with Paul Jenys, 6-7

commission to determine accounts, 13

death of, 17, 43

denies Robert Parkers location of sawmill, 41

estate of, 43

petition for lands, 8

returns to Ga., 8, 13

trust grant, 21

Charles Town Galley, brings mail for Ga., 139, 143, 144, 147, 149, 152, 153

Charming Judith, brings mail to Ga., 134, 135

Charming Martha, brings mail for Ga., 190, 191, 192, 200, 201, 203, 204, 228, 229, 254, 256, 258, 259, 264, 266

to sail directly for Port Royal, S. C., 227

Charming Nancy, brings mail for Ga., 80, 220, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226

mail received from, 126

Charter party, for German servants, 152

Cherokee Indians, kill settlers, 247

traders to be licensed by S. C., 234

Chickesaw Indians, traders to be licensed by Ga., 234

Chiffille, Rev. Henry, on bond of John Lewis Tschiffely, 22-23

Christie, Thomas, land grant, 20

lot in Savannah, 194

trust grant, 20, 21, 84

Church at Augusta, plans and supplies for, 206

Church at Ebenezer, paint and supplies for, 61, 72-73

Church at Savannah, cost estimates high, 97

finished?, 116, 130

lumber for, 61, 106, 110, 113

paint and other supplies for, 70-72, 97, 151

plans received by Trustees, 54

services held in, 216

to be finished, 55-56, 66

Clabert, William, lot in Savannah, 194

Clarke, Isaac King, trust grant, 20

Clarke, John, land granted to, 172

Clee, Samuel, affairs of, 75

land sale approved, 57

Cleeland, Capt. William, brings mail for Ga., 81

Cochran, Lt. Col. James, land grant, 19

Commissioners of Royal Customs, William Russell nominated for naval officer in Ga., 138-139

Constables at Frederica, struck from estimate, 199

Cook, Major William, land grant, 19

Cooper, Gislingham, affairs of Samuel Clee, 75

Cooper, Mary, letter of attorney to Henry Parker, 23

Copp, Jonathan, appointed missionary to Augusta, 220-221

Corbett, Thomas, informed no Trustee objections to Mark Carr as admiralty judge for Ga., 90

request to send Ga. mail by naval vessels, 51-52

Corn, bounty on, 11

imported from New York to Ga., 128

information on cultivation sent to Ebenezer, 5

machines for cultivation, 17

raised by Salzburgers, 133

Corn mill at Ebenezer, stones for sent, 72

Court, desired at Augusta, 9

Court of Equity, Trustees will not allow in Ga., 232

Cowie, Capt. James, brings mail for Ga., 155, 156, 213, 214, 215, 216

Cowpen, at Old Ebenezer, 5, 36

cattle sold, 194, 199

necessity of, 39-40, 58

produced steers, 74

report on desired, 143

sale of cattle from, 58

status of, 130

Cowpenkeeper, struck from estimate, 199

Cox, Will, sale of lot, 210-211

Crane, at Savannah to unload ships, 96

Crawford, John, applies for land in in Ga., 249

no land grant for, 279

Crawford, William, applies for land in Ga., 249

no land grant for, 279

Creek Indians, land cession, 262-263

reserved lands, 231

traders licensed to be by Ga., 234

treaties say land only to be bought by govt., 231

Creeks, Upper, fear of troubles caused by Bosomworths, 216

Crokatt, James, S. C. agent and Indian presents, 187

Crosthwaite, Capt. Thomas, brings mail for Ga., 161, 162, 207

Crow, late Dr. William, library sent to Ga., 151

Cunningham, David, removed as pilot at Tybee, 197

Customs officials, none in Ga., 185

Cuthbert, John, land grant, 19

Daniel, brings mail for Ga., 6

Darien, conservators of peace and constable appointed, 234

Dasher, Christian, land grant, 57

Dearne, John, trust grant, 21

De Brahm, William Gerard, see William Gerard Von Brahm

Defense of Ga. frontiers, Trustees ideas on, 91

Delegal, Philip, land grant, 228

Delegal, Philip, Sr., land grant, 263

Demere, Capt., land grant of, 179

Demetre, Daniel, payment for boat service, 214, 252-253

Dennes tone, James, applies for land in Ga., 249

no land grant for, 279

Desbrisay, Capt. Albert, status of his land, 78

Diespech, Mr., letter from, 35

Dietzius, Andreas Golofredus, land grant, 18

Disbursements from Ga., report needed, 271

Dobell, John, letter regarding Indian trade, 38

list of grants sent to Trustees, 56

list of inhabitants sent to Trustees, 16

register and schoolmaster, 53

Trustees receive accounts from, 53

Trustees satisfied with his work, 53

work for Trustees in Ga., 1

Douglass, David, church at Augusta, 206, 224-225

Driezler, John Ulrick, schoolmaster at Frederica, 8

Duchee, William, letter of attorney from Frances Watts, 23

Dunbar, Capt. George, land grant, 19 97, 125

orders to disband regiment, 117

sola bills issued to, 124-125

Ebenezer, center of Germans, 226

church at, 61, 72-73

conditions at, 49

filature at to be built, 246, 255, 267

Germans coming to, 202, 240, 242, 245

John Martin Bolzius manager of secular affairs 85-86

land for religious and educational purposes to be laid out, 40

mills at, 61, 72-73, 202, 229-230, 242

paint and supplies for churches, 72-73

parcels for sent, 87, 181, 203-204, 214

prosperity at, 241-242

servants for, 15, 204 silk culture, 73, 76, 86, 187, 241 silk from, 88, 162, 166, 215

Thomas Bickler constable at, 101

to send two delegates to Assembly, 203

Uchee land to be added to, 60, 118. 119

see John Martin Bolzius and Salzburgers.

Ebenezer, Old, cowpen, 4, 36

sawmill, 4

Economy in Ga., people urged to work hard and improve, 3.5-36

Edgecomb, Arthur Ogle, pay for, 7

trust grant, 20

Egmont, Earl of, sends grapevine cut tings to Ga., 27

Elliot, brings mail from Ga., 74

Ellis, Thomas, surveyor, 14, 115, 179, 262

Emery, Anne, debt forgiven by Trustees, 16

Emery, Peter, death of, 16

Exchange Coffee House, sale of Ga. silk at, 275, 276, 277

Expenses, accounts and funds for, 87, 114

estimated for Ga., 11-12, 57-58, 66, 67-69, 150, 199, 212-219, 269

for year 1744, 64-65

from Lady Day 1745, 65

must be kept low, 32-33, 251

to be made up every half year, 65

Trustees need to know expected ones, 241

Falkner, Mr., land of, 97

Fawsett, Thomas, land grant, 18

Filature, great success, 264-265

method of operations, 261

to be built at Ebenezer, 255

two new ones to be built, 226, 246, 250, 251, 261, 267, 270, 271, 280

Finley, William, pay for, 7

Fire engine, sent to Savannah, 233, 236, 276

Firebrand, brings mail from Ga., 50, 51

Fitzwalter, Penelope, collects wharfage duty at Savannah, 96

Fletcher, Henry, land grant, 18

Florida, border troubles with Ga., 111-112

Folly, John Martin, comes to Ga., 26

Fort St. Mark, English try to demolish, 112

Fortrose, brings mail for Ga., 128, 131, 133, 178, 180, 181, 267, 269, 271, 272

Fox, Henry, Indian present purchase, 104-105

Trustees give ideas on Ga. defense, 91

Trustees object to about recruiting in Ga., 89-90

Trustees to surrender charter, 267

France, peace with, 101, 107

Francis, William, James Woolford his servant, 199

Francis & John, brings mail for Ga., 112, 113, 115, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126

Fraser, James, appointed conservator of the peace for Augusta, 191, 197

land grant, 115-116

things sent for Augusta church, 224-225

to see to land for support of religion at Augusta, 206

Frederica, Assistants to report on items there, 162

government at suspended, 32

inventory of kings magazine, 124

land grants near to be investigated, 117-118

population and local government, 118

schoolmaster at, 8

soldiers to be stationed there, 117

to be made port of entry, 161, 174

Frenchmen, four come who understand silk culture, 199, 204

Frideling, John Adam, comes to Ga., 27

Frideling, Maria Clora, comes to Ga., 27

Fridling, Frederick, comes to Ga., 27

Friendship, brings mail for Ga., 81

Frying pans, sent to Ga., 24, 25

Funds for Ga., Trustees feel certain to receive, 228-229

Fury, Peregrine, Indian present distribution, 103-104

Gambling, Charles Watson carries on, 2-3

Gardner at Savannah, struck from estimate, 199

Gascoigne, Capt. James, land grant, 19

Gautier, Mrs., wound silk, 226

Gentlemans Magazine, copy sent, 5, 17, 45-46

George Town, brings mail for Ga., 207

George Town Galley, brings mail for Ga., 161, 162

Georgia, has been of great use to S. C., 230

not to be added to S. C., 216-217, 238, 254, 266

to remain a separate colony, 119, 198, 231, 259-260

Georgia correspondence, agent in Charles Town to handle, 200

difficult, 35, 37

hurt by Carolina ships being taken, 35

little recently, 33-34, 38, 43

on vessel taken to Havana, 51

received, 64, 74

to go through Gov. of S. C., 37, 38, 51

William Hopton to handle, 109

Georgia defense, soldiers to be stationed at Augusta, Frederica, and Jekyll Island, 117

Georgia enemies, trying to destroy colony, 230

Georgia exports, account needed, 240

Georgia frontier, protected by the British, 107

Georgia general conditions, report made by Trustees, 238, 248, 249

reports needed, 39, 208-209, 230, 238-240

thrives, according to Harris and Habersham, 200

Georgia government, new to be established, 270, 271

respect for, 1

to be supported by troops stationed in Ga., 120

to be under Lords Commissioners for Trade and Plantations, 269, 271, 273

Geraldino, Thomas, claims Ga. and S. C. for Spain, 110-112

Germain, Anne, married Peter Emery, 16n

Germain, Michael, death of, 16n

Germain, Peter, death of, 16n

German servants, arrived in Ga., 23-24, 188-189

cnarter party for, 152

coming to Ga., 14-15, 23-24, 137, 140-141, 143-144, 202, 204

conditions of new ones, 23-24

contract with, 151

lazy and particular about food, 74

names of those sent to Ga., 25-27

needed at Ebenezer, 105, 244-245

report on desired, 187

runaway, 201-202, 245

should be easier to secure with peace, 101

to be taken by president and assistants if desired, 152

unsatisfactory, 201-202

Germans, arrive in Ga., 254

coming to Ga., 5, 135, 137, 140-143, 201, 202, 203, 204, 240, 242-245

good care on trip to Ga., 267

improvements and cultivation, 58

working tools for new arrivals, 240

Glascow Man of War, brings mail from Ga., 115

Glasgow merchants, apply for land in Ga., 249

no land grant for, 279

Glebe for Savannah minister, needs to be relocated, 140

Glen, Gov. James of S. C., boat for use of soldiers in Ga., 156-157, 205-206

certifies boat service of Daniel Demetre, 214

Indian presents, 92-93, 99-100, 104, 108, 121-122

to deliver Hanover Boat to Ga., 214

to station troops at Augusta, 117

Gordon, Alexander, Ga. mail sent through, 109

lost Ga. mail, 79-80

sends Ga. mail from S. C., 106

Gordon, Peter, trust grant, 21

Gough, William, Jr., land grant, 18

Gough, William, Sr., land grant, 18

Gould, Capt. Arthur, brings mail for Ga., 80

Graham, Patrick, appointed assistant, 8, 17, 80, 130

Indian present distribution, 102-103, 122, 123, 153-154, 158-160, 172, 177-178, 190-191, 197

land grant, 19, 172

letter and journal received, 153

medicines desired, 160

medicines sent for, 70, 71, 172-173

secures Creek lands, 231, 262-263

surgeon to the poor, 52, 57

to be bailiff?, 33, 43

Grant, Andrew, bill of exchange, 6

land grant, 18

Grant, James, land grant, 57

Grapevine cuttings, sent by the Earl of Egmont, 27

Gray, William, land grant of, 115-116

Gregorian calendar, adopted by Britain, 254

Gronau, Israel, replaced by H. H. Lembke, 23

Gwynn, Roderick, land grant, 279

Habersham, James, appointed assistant, 125, 126, 130

appointed Secretary, 190, 199, 200, 222

bill of exchange accepted, 246

buys Frances Watts land, 9, 12, 210-211

journal, 226, 231, 264

mail received by Trustees, 246, 264, 272-273

on commission to settle Thomas Caustons accounts, 8, 13

provisions for soldiers, 142, 147, 150

silk culture, 126, 241-242, 246, 248, 249, 266. 270, 273-274

to issue sola bills, 147-148

to make report on Ga. in general, 208-209

Trustees have great regard for, 201

Hague French Gazette, Martyns letter printed in 127-128

Hales, Dr. Stephen, method of keeping corn sweet, 46

method of repairing lighthouse, 233

Halifax, Earl of, Bolzius letter shown to on treatment of people to S. C., 267

heads Board of Trade, 264

Pickering Robinson recommended to, 271-272

Halle, books and medicines sent from to Ebenezer, 242, 243-244

Hamar, Capt., brings mail for Ga., 64, 69

brings sola bills to Ga., 80

takes mail for Ga., 75

Hamilton, Paul, land grant, 19

Hanover Boat, for use of soldiers in Ga., 205, 214

Harman, Dorothea, comes to Ga., 26

Harman, Jacob, comes to Ga., 26

Harris, Francis, appointed Assistant, 235, 280

on commission to settle Thomas Caustons accounts, 8, 13

Harris and Habersham, Bartholomew Zouberbuhler draws bill on, 247

bills for soldier provisions and boat expense, 251-253

boat to bring supplies for, 161

provisions for soldiers in Ga., 219-220

report that Georgia prospers, 200

to pay expenses for soldier boat, 175

wharf at Savannah, 161-162, 200

Harrison, Mrs., midwife, account of, 278

Haselfoot, James, land grant, 18

Hawkins, John, land grant, 97

Hawkins, Thomas, land grant, 97

trust grants, 21

Hay, Robert, land grant, 19

Henrietta, brings mail for Ga., 104, 106, 108

Heron, Lt. Col. Alexander, accounts of, 204

boat for use of soldiers in Ga., 157-158, 205-206, 214

Claims part of cargo of captured ship, 108

expenses of Indian relations, 189-190

Indian accounts, 155-156

land grant, 20

recruiting in Ga., 89-90

to disband regiment, 117, 123-124

Herries, Michael, applies for land in Ga., 249

no land grant for, 279

Hetherington, Joseph, land grant, 17

Hetherington, Robert, land grant, 18

Hetherington, Theophilus, land grant, 18

Hird, Thomas, trust grant, 21

Holbrook, Jacob, land grant, 57

Holderness, Earl of, appointed Secretary of State, 247-248

Holmes, Samuel, land grant, 18

Holt, Edward, appointed schoolmaster at Savannah, 163

bad behavior, 213, 215, 271

comes to Ga., 174

package sent for, 181

Hooper, Capt., brings mail from Ga., 133

Hope, Messrs. of Rotterdam, bad treatment of people to S. C., 267

Hopewell, brings mail for Ga., 70, 72, 73, 82, 83

Hopkins, Christopher, behaviour as cow-penkeeper, 15

insults Salzburgers, 5

not to disturb Salzburger cattle, 40

Hopton, William, agents for mail etc. going to and from Ga., 33-34, 50 51, 70, 87, 92, 109, 121, 133, 178, 207, 214, 224, 235, 236, 253, 254

funds received from, 211

money on hand, 109

received funds for Trustees, 65

to endeavor to secure items from captured ships, 82, 83

to try and recover captured sola bills, 57

Hore, Capt. William, brings mail for Ga., 70, 72, 73

brings parcels for Ga., 51, 66

brings supplies for Ga., 70-72

feared taken by enemy, 82, 83

Horses, of Trust sold, 194

Horton, Major William, conservator of the peace at Frederica, 59, 63

land grant, 19

letters to, 27

purchase of Trustee cattle for army, 36, 40

to be consulted on John Calwells appointment, 66

to endeavor to secure items form captured ships, 82

trust grant, 21

Hospital for Ebenezer, proposed, 245

Houstoun, James, land grant, 18

Houstoun, Patrick, land grant, 18

Hucks, Robert, Ga. Trustee, 40

Hughes, Joseph, lot in Savannah, 194

trust grant, 20

Humble, John, pilot at St. Simons, 9

Hunt, Capt. John, brings mail for Ga., 235, 236

Hutchinsons Island, Thomas Salter wants to make bricks upon, 74

Illy, Agnes, comes to Ga., 26

Illy, Andreas, comes to Ga., 26

Illy, Jacob, comes to Ga., 26

Illy, Jacob, Jr., comes to Ga., 26

Illy, Michael, comes to Ga., 26

Illy, William, comes to Ga., 26

Incorporated Society, salary for Rev. Bartholomew Zouberbuhler, 121

Independent companies, to be stationed in S. C., 110, 117

Indian Affairs, Nicholas Rigby appointed secretary, 140, 148, 152

Indian interpreter, charges for approved, 164, 174

Indian lands near Savannah, to be given up soon, 257, 262

Indian presents, bad items purchased, 160

Bosomworths claim part, 182

distribution, 98, 99-100, 102-105, 108, 122, 123, 153-154, 158-160, 174, 187, 227

expenses for distribution, 177-178

for Ga. & S. C., 92-93

Patrick Grahams report on, 172

purchase of in England, 114, 121-123

received from England, 190

to aid Creek land cession, 263

to be distributed by Patrick Graham, 190

Indian trade, letter from John Dobell regarding, 38

licensing of traders, 234

Trustees urge, 97

with Creeks, Chickesaws, and others to S W, 234

Indian trade at Augusta, monopolized by seven men, 234

weights and measures for, 234-235

Indian traders, Henry Parker to license, 198

need warehouse at Savannah, 198-199

small monopoly at Augusta, 234

use Charels Watson as lawyer, 2

Indian treaties, to remain in full force under royal government, 276

Indian troubles, caused by Bosomworths, 182-183

Indians, and defense of Ga., 91

steal and kill Salzburger cattle, 10

Indians at Savannah, Trustees pleased with action of whites, 178

Indigo, book on culture sent, 82

culture in Ga., 246-247

demand for, 200

from Ga. highly praised, 222

Parliamentary bounty on, 102

South Carolina made progress in, 82

Industry, brings mail for Ga., 259, 269, 275, 277

Industry, Georgians need spirit of, 128

Inhabitants, list of by John Dobell, 1, 16

Iron, given to Salzburgers for sawmill, 194-195, 202

wrought, sent to Ga., 25

Isaack, Capt., brings mail for Ga., 249

Italian silk culture, not as good as in Ga., 270

Italian states, prohibit export of raw silk, 164

Jackson, Capt., brings mail from Ga., 178

Jail, needed at Savannah, 56

Jamaica, sale of lumber to, 86, 96, 99

Jekyll Island, pilot at, 199

soldiers to be stationed there, 117

Jenkins, Edward, land grant, 18

Jenys, Paul, accounts of, 6-7

land grant, 19

Jenys, Thomas, accounts of Paul Jenys, 6-7

Johnson, James, applies for land in Ga., 249

no land grant for, 279

Johnson, Mr., gambler, 2

Jones, Noble, appointed Assistant, 191, 197

appointed Register of Ga., 235

boat for public use, 161

denies Robert Parkers location of sawmill, 41

report on conditions at Savannah, 272-273

suggests market at Savannah, 233

surveyor, 8

to work with Pickering Robinson on report of general conditions in Ga., 208-209

Jones, Thomas, accounts of, 10

accusations against Charles Watson, 1-3

Josephs Town, wild cattle at, 101

Joubert, Peter, displaced as schoolmaster at Savannah, 197

Judd, Capt. Ambrose, brings mail for Ga., 183, 186, 187

Judith, brings mail for Ga., 1, 2, 3, 6, 10, 22, 27, 28, 29

brings servants to Ga., 25-27

ill fated voyage to Ga., 75

lost parcels for Ebenezer, 88

Julian calendar, discontinued by Britain, 254

Kays, John, plantation damaged by Indians, 227

Keene, Benjamin, negotiates treaty at Madrid, 227

Kent, Capt. Richard, conservator of the peace, 9

part of land granted to another, 116

power as Conservator of the Peace at Augusta, 57

Kings Magazine [at Frederica], to be disposed of, 214

Kitching, Capt., brings mail for Ga., 70, 72, 73, 82, 83

Knippling, Anna Catharina, comes to Ga., 27

Knippling, Jacob, comes to Ga., 27

Knippling, Martin, comes to Ga., 27

Kraaft, David, land grant, 240, 242

Kusmoul, Jacob, comes to Ga., 26

Kusmoul, Sevila, comes to Ga., 26

Lacey, Samuel, bill of exchange to, 6

Lacy, James, land grant, 17

Lacy, Roger, land grant, 17

Lambe, Bulfinch, land grant, 18

Land, claimed by Thomas Bosomworth, 182

Land for religious uses, 40, 118, 120, 182, 206

Land grants, at Frederica to be investigated, 117-118

by president and assistants, 115-116

descriptions for new ones needed, 240, 250-251, 262, 273, 279

made in Ga., 17-22, 57, 97-98, 134, 142

and mulberry tree planting, 141

list for quit rent purposes, 12-13, 56, 95, 141, 178-179, 195-196

lists of, 1

Land leases and conveyances, list sent to Trustees, 73-74

Land tenure, release of grants from conditions, 207

to be made permanent for all grants, 185, 187, 189, 195, 202-203, 206

Land vacant, how determined, 262

Lawrence, John, land grant, 57

Laws, not to be made by Assembly of People, 232

Lawyer, Charles Watson acts as one, 2

Lazaretto, required for infected slave ships, 145, 208

Le Bat, Father, account of culture of indigo, 82

Le Bon, Anthony Isaac, comes to Ga., 199, 204

Lee, Thomas, keeper of court of Savannah, 87

sent anvil and bellows, 87-88

146, 151-152

Leggatt, John, bill of exchange of Charles Watson to, 81

Lembke, Herman Henry, comes to Ga., 5, 23

pastor at Ebenezer, 86

Trustee payment to, 255-256, 261

Le Sage, Anthony, comes to Ga., 199, 204

Le Sage, Jane, comes to Ga., 204

Lesslie, Capt. John, brings mail for Ga., 190, 191, 192, 200-201, 203-204, 228-229, 254, 256, 258-259, 264, 266

to sail directly to Port Royal, S. C., 227

Liddle, Capt., brings mail from Ga., 74

Liekenstaiger, Melchoir, land grant, 140

Lighthouse, repairs to, 197, 233

Linebaker, George Adam, comes to Ga., 26

Linebaker, Salma, comes to Ga., 26

Litola, Nicholas, comes to Ga., 26

Live Oak, brings mail from Ga., 250-253

Lloyd, Samuel, dealings with Harris and Habersham, 219, 251

likes silk worm seed from Portugal, 251

mail for, 241

on silk culture in Italy, 268

procures silk worm seed from Italy, 166

reports on sale of Ga. indigo, 222

says not to strip mulberry trees of all leaves, 251

Trustee silk expert, 99, 109, 114, 116, 119, 163, 166, 275

Lords of Trade and Plantations, to have charge of Ga. government, 264, 269, 271, 273

see Board of Trade Lots, directions about vacant ones, 225

Loyal Judith, brings mail for Ga., 155-156, 213-216

Loyal Katherine, taken by enemy, 51, 74, 80

takes mail for Ga., 31-32, 34-35

Lucas, Michael, comes to Ga., 204

Ludovicus, Nicholaus, see Zinzendorf, Count of

Lumber, exported from Ga., account needed, 240

for church at Savannah, 55-56, 106, 110, 113

may rum be bartered for?, 39

produced by Salzburgers, 61, 77

sales to West Indies, 120, 242

to be sold to Jamaica, 96

Trustees hope for trade, 99, 130, 132, 200

Lutherans, among German servants, 152

MacClellan, Capt. John, brings Germans to Ga., 243, 244, 267

brings mail for Ga., 238, 241, 242, 243, 244, 247, 248

MacGillivray, Archibald, land grant, 19

Mackay, Capt. Patrick, accounts, 29

arrived in England, 17

claims of to be determined, 13

does not occupy his grant, 56

land grant, 19

Mackay, Lt. Hugh, land grant, 19

Mackay, John, land grant, 19

Mackenzie, Capt. James, brings mail for Ga., 128, 131, 133, 178, 180, 181, 267, 269, 271, 272

Mackintosh, Capt. John, conservator of the peace for Darien, 234, 235

Macleod, Rev. John, trust grant for Darien missionary, 22

Madrid, Treaty of, copy sent to Ga., 227

Mail, more certain with peace, 107

lost, 79-80, 95

Mail for Ga., instructions to William Hopton, 121

Mail from Ga., hoped for information, 178

little received, 128

lost, 92

not received, 106

received, 87, 95, 106, 107-109, 178, 216, 217-218, 225, 227

Malatchee, damages plantations, 227

demands for Bosomworth and trouble, 164

Manufacturing of cloth, disapproved by Trustees, 142

Marcer, Samuel, 33, accepted office?, 33, 43

accepts job as bailiff, 75

appointed bailiff, 80

appointment as Assistant, 130

dismissed as bailiff and Assistant, 270, 272, 279

salary stopped at suspension, 275

suspended as Assistant and Bailiff, 196

Market at Savannah, public storehouse to be converted into one, 233

Marshall, Capt., brings mail from Ga., 108

Martyn, Benjamin, attached to welfare of Ga., 264

tells Rev. Samuel Urlsperger of published letter, 135-137

Mary Billander accounts lost when captured, 106-107

lost mail from Ga., 95

mail received after capture, 126

taken by the enemy, 92

Mary Snow, brings mail for Ga., 163, 166, 167, 172, 173

Mathews, Jacob, claims for bounties on crops raised, 44-45

Maxwell, Audly, appointed constable and conservator of the peace, 234, 235

McPherson, James, bill of exchange, 7

Medicines, for Salzburgers, 88, 148-149, 152, 203, 215, 242, 243, 244

sent to Ga., 25, 52, 70, 71

sent to Patrick Graham, 57, 160, 172, 173

Mellichamp, Richard, to be coxswain on boat for soldiers, 161, 174

Mercury, captured by enemy, 33

Meredith, Capt., takes mail for Ga., 34, 35, 36, 37, 38

Meyer, John Ludwig, conservator of the peace at Ebenezer, 86, 89, 94, 97, 98-99

duties at Ebenezer, 101

medicines sent for, 88, 148-149, 152, 203

package for sent to Ga., 180, 204

salary of, 132

to aid Bolzius in silk culture, 131

to collect information for new land grants, 203

Mick, Anna Maria, comes to Ga., 26

Mick, Jonas, comes to Ga., 26

Midwife, struck from estimate, 199

Midwife at Frederica, account of, 278

Military expenses, to be paid by army, 64-65

Militia regulations, approved by Trustees, 247

Mill, for rice and barley, 4

Milledge, John, plantation damaged by Indians, 227

request for land, 56

Miller, Malachi, comes to Ga., 26

Miller, Margaretta, comes to Ga., 26

Miller, Mr., instructions for cultivating mulberry trees, 130-131, 133, 143

Millstones, sent for Ebenezer, 229-230

Millwright, goes to Ga., 143

Ministerial support at Savannah, land and servants for, 89

Missionary for Augusta, applied for by Trustees, 206

Moore, Francis, petitions to Trustees about debts due him, 9

Moore, George, land grant, 18

Moore, William, constable at Frederica, 9

Morton, Capt., brings mail for Ga., 177

Mouse, Lucy, land and interest in Skidoway cattle, 84-85

Mulberry trees, instructions for growing, 130-131, 133, 143, 185

more to be planted, 185

must be planted according to regulations, 141, 146, 165, 184

not to be entirely stripped of leaves, 251

Salzburger method of planting, 133, 168-169

will not grow at Trustees Garden, 233

Munitions, sent to Ga., 25

Musgrove, John, land grant, 19

Naval officer for Ga., William Russel recommended, 135, 140, 148, 152, 160-161, 174

Naval vessels, to take mail to Ga., 66

Navy, requested to carry mail to Ga., 51-52

Negro act, considered by Lords of Trade, 229

Ga. representations on, 183-184, 186

Negroes, act to allow in Ga., 207-208

any in Ga.?, 102

duty on importation, 146, 208, 232, 233

in Ga., 56-57, 134

intended law on, 144

John Martin Bolzius opposes, 85

not to be admitted to Ga., 48, 62, 94

number in Ga., 217

people desire to use, 40, 41

proposed regulations for, 134, 144-146

reasons against Negroes, 42

run away to St. Augustine, 234

to be taught silk reeling, 246

Neptune, brings mail for Ga., 183, 186, 187, 277, 278, 280

brings packages for Salzburgers, 50

New Bond Street, location of Trustees office, 269

Nickleson, Capt., to come to Ga., 148

North Carolina, settlers coming to Ga., 59

OBrien, Kennedy, land grant, 20

Officials, salaries paid by Trustees, 212-213

Ogeechee River, new settlement on, 59

Oglethorpe, James, accounts with Trustees, 236-238

assistance to Salzburgers, 4

bill of exchange on, 7

border troubles with Spanish, 111-112

disbanding of regiment, 110-111, 117, 119, 123-124

information on James Billinghursts application for land, 79

letter about disbanding of regiment in Dutch and English newspapers, 126-128, 135-137

ordered land for Thomas Causton, 8

payment to Mary Bosomworth, 44

recruiting in Ga. against his orders, 95

Olive trees, grow at Trustees Garden, 233-234

Onions, sent to Ga., 25

Ormston, Thomas, land grant, 19

Orphan House, report of conditions desired, 194

Orphan house at Ebenezer, plantation in S. C., 101

Ortman, Christopher, not to be schoolmaster at Vernonburgh and Acton, 55

schoolmaster at Ebenezer and Savannah, 4-5, 15

trust grant, 20

Trustees willing to continue charity for, 102

Ossabaw Island, ceded by Creeks, 262

Ossabaw Sound, no pilot needed, 234

Oswald, Richard, applies for land in Ga., 249

no land grant for, 279

Ottolenghe, Joseph, comes to Ga. as catechist for Negroes, 229

duties require travel, 258

knows silk culture, 229

sent to Ga. by the Associates of Dr. Bray, 258

Trustees cannot put into other position, 258

Ovens, of cast iron for Salzburgers, 50

Pages, Anthony, comes to Ga., 199, 204

Pages, Margaret, comes to Ga., 204

Paine, Capt. William, brings mail for Ga., 206, 207, 209

Paint, sent to Ga., 233, 236

Paint and supplies, for church at Savannah, 70-72

Parcels, for Ebenezer, 172, 242, 243, 244

sent to Ga., 92, 235-236

Parish clerk at Savannah, Edward Holt, 174

Parker, Henry, appointed President of Ga., 235

appointed to license Indian traders, 198

appointment and instructions as Vice President, 190, 191-199, 200, 202

letter of attorney from Mary Booper, 23

pay for duties as acting president, 192

recommended that he attend Town Court, 196

trust grant, 20, 21

Trustees have great regard for, 201

Parker, Robert, Sr. & Jr., claim of land at Mill River at Ebenezer, 40-41, 42

land at Mill River to be added to Ebenezer, 60-61, 85

Parliamentary act, to encourage silk culture in Am., 186

Parliamentary grant, for 1752, 241, 251, 255, 260-261

made for Ga., 149-150

money to be paid, 78

needed, 107

received for 1746, 35-36

refused for 1751, 228, 230, 236, 244

to pay for silk in 1752, 271, 274

Parliamentary petition, to encourage silk growing in America, 165, 166, 184, 185

Parsonage at Savannah, to be repaired or rebuilt, 139-140, 151

Peace with France and Spain, almost established, 101, 105, 107

southern boundary of Ga., 91-92

Pearson, Capt. Alexander, brings mail for Ga., 163, 166, 167, 172, 173, 259, 269, 275, 277

Peas, bounty on, 11

raised by Salzburgers, 133

Pelham, Henry, asked to issue Parliamentary grant money, 78

Pember, Mary, land grant, 19

Pennefather, John, land grant, 18

Penrose, John, appointed pilot at Tybee, 197

Perkins, Samuel, trust grant, 21

Pett, Catharina, comes to Ga., 27

Pett, Gasper, comes to Ga., 27

Pett, Hans George, comes to Ga., 27

Pett, Michael, comes to Ga., 27

Pett, Rosina, comes to Ga., 27

Physician for Ebenezer, proposed, 245

Pick, Capt., captured by enemy, 33

Pilot at Tybee, David Cunningham, removed, 197

John Penrose appointed, 197

Pilots at Jekyll, struck from estimate, 199

Pine land, agriculture in, 3-4

Pinkerton, Henry, land grant, 17

Plows, sent for Salzburgers, 4, 10

sent to Ga., 23, 24, 94

Plows and other implements, for Vernonburgh and Acton, 95

Polhill, Nathaniel, land grant, 18

Population, about 1900 whites in Ga., 265

list of inhabitants received, 178, 180

list of people prepared by John Dobell, 1

Trustees desire exact number, 250, 251, 273

Trustees desire report on, 142, 240

Trustees want list of settlers in various settlements, 84

Ports, Jacob, comes to Ga., 26

Ports, John Philip, comes to Ga., 26

Ports, Magdalena, comes to Ga., 26

Ports of entry in Ga., Savannah and Frederica, 161, 174

Portugal, silk worm seed coming from, 250-251

Potatoes, bounty on, 11

sent to Ga., 25

raised by Salzburgers, 133

Potter, John, concern for letter printed in Dutch and English newspapers, 126-128

disbanding of Oglethorpes regiment, 110-111

Indian presents, 92-93, 103

late secretary of Duke of Bedford, 154

Prayers for Royal Family, new form, 229

President and Assistants, letters to, 53, 64, 69, 70, 73, 75, 80, 81, 82, 87, 92, 94, 95, 101, 106, 108, 113, 114, 124, 125, 128, 139, 144, 149, 152, 155, 161, 163, 173, 177, 178, 181, 187, 230, 238, 242, 248, 252, 269, 275, 278

may have servants, 14, 152

position in Ga., 1

recommended by Trustees for new govenment, 260, 269, 272, 274

stated times for meetings, 130

to encourage people in industry, 95-96

President of Ga., Henry Parker appointed, 235

Preston, George, Jr., land grant, 19

Prince George, too small a boat for soldiers in Ga., 205

Prince William, taken by enemy, 33

Prince of Wales, died, 229

Proctor, Thomas, trust grant, 21

Provisions, for disbanded soldiers, 148, 150-151

for soldiers stationed in Ga., 142, 147, 149-150

imported from New York to Ga., 128

raised by Salzburgers, 133

to be sold from Ga., 96

Public house in Savannah, Tisdales 2

Public works, need support, 146

Pye, John, bill of exchange drawn on, 32

recorder, 43

removal, 75

Pytt, Rowland, land grant, 19

Quarantine, required for infected slave ships, 145

Quarme, Capt. Walter, brings mail for Ga., 1, 2, 3, 6, 10, 22, 27, 28, 29

brings servants to Ga., 25-27

death of, 17n

lost parcels for Ebenezer, 88, 94

Quit rents, arrears to be remitted, 259

collector to be appointed, 7-8

due on Ga. land, 12-13, 56, 83

list of grants and leases for, 84, 95, 141, 195-196

list of grants upon which due, 7-8, 17-22

records relating to, 138

Trustees to petition for reduction, 196, 231

Raagin, Barbara, comes to Ga., 27

Rae, John, appointed conservator of the peace, 235

church at Augusta, 206, 224-225

Rangers, and defense of Ga., 91, 95

Ratien, Anne Dorothy, comes to Ga., 26

Ratien, Maria, comes to Ga., 26

Recruiting, in Ga. objected to, 90, 95

Register, to make list of people with land and no grants, 12

Religion, for Negroes, 145

of German servants, 152

see church and ministers by name

Religious and educational support, land for at Ebenezer, 40, 42-43

Reynolds, Capt., brings mail for Ga., 95, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102

Rice, culture in Ga., 133, 246-247

Rice mill, at Ebenezer, 4

Richard, Elizabeth, comes to Ga., 27

Richard, Iscariot, comes to Ga., 27

Richard, Laurence, comes to Ga., 27

Richard, Michael, comes to Ga., 27

Richard, Peter, comes to Ga., 27

Richard, Thomas, comes to Ga., 27

Richard, William, comes to Ga., 27

Riemensperger, Mr., brought German protestants to England, 135

Rigby, Nicholas, appointed secretary of Indian affairs, 140, 148, 152

funds remitted to, 65, 109

payment to, 74

Roads, public, Trustees suggest that people make, 233

Robinson, Pickering, appointed an Assistant, 235

cooperation with James Habersham, 266

fear he may leave Ga., 271-272, 274

land grant, 257, 263

recommended to Earl of Halifax, 271-272

report on conditions at Savannah, 272-273

returns to Savannah, 280

silk culture, 208-209, 241-242, 225-226, 246, 248, 249, 266, 270, 271-272

suggests making market at Savannah, 233

to make report on Ga. in general, 208-209

Trustees approve of, 257

well received in Ga., 225

Robinson, Pickering and James Habersham, bill of exchange paid, 252-253

Robinson, Thomas, land grant, 257, 263

Robinson, William, land grant, 257, 263

Rodger, Capt., brings mail from Ga., 250, 251, 252, 253

Ross, Alexander, gambler, 2

Royal Family, form of praying for, 235

Rum, bartered for lumber, 39

is its prohibition effective?, 39

to be allowed in Ga., 77

Russel, William, appointed Bailiff for Savannah, 270, 279, 280-281

appointed naval officer, 174

receipt for boards for church at Savannah, 110

recommended for naval officer in Ga., 135, 138-139, 140, 148, 152, 160-161

records for accounts, 65

Rutherford, Capt., brings mail for Ga., 227, 278, 280

Rutledge, Mr., to endeavor to secure items from captured ships, 82

St. Barbe, Capt. Alex., brings mail for Ga., 104, 106, 108

St. Catherines Island, ceded by Creeks, 262

St. Simons Island, few persons left on, 199

land grants on and near, 179

no pilots needed, 234

Sacheverel, Joshua, trust grant, 20

Salaries, of Ga. officials, 212-213

Sale, William, land grant, 18

trust grant, 20

widow marries Robert Parker, Jr., 40

Salter, Thomas, proposition to make bricks, 74

Salzburgers, assistance from James Oglethorpe, 4

cattle, 5, 10, 15, 40, 194, 202, 212, 262

desire lands above Ebenezer Creek, 15, 38-39

desire servants, 105

healthy, prosperous, hard workers, 76, 77, 98

lumber trade, 97, 106, 130

medicines for, 88, 152, 215

model for industry at Frederica, 63

money owed to store to be forgiven, 43, 60

parcels sent to, 6, 61, 72-73, 172, 173, 215

provisions raised, 133

reasons against Negroes, 42

sawmill, 39, 42, 130, 194-195

settlement considerably increasing, 250

settlers to Ga., 192-193, 235

silk bounty, 40, 43, 60

silk culture, 3, 42, 43, 70, 71, 72, 76, 77, 93-94, 99, 116, 118-119, 131-132, 139, 166-172

silk of high quality, 62, 88, 165

silk worm seed for, 165

silk wound by women, 59, 96, 99, 129, 164-165

Trustee regard for, 4, 10, 42, 74

wharf, 130

willing to give up rights in wild cattle, 102

see John Martin Bolzius and Ebenezer

Sandford, Cornelius, land grant, 18

Sapelo Island, ceded by Creeks, 262

Savannah, decaying, 58-59

fire engine to be sent over for, 233

list of inhabitants, 1, 16

report on state of, 272-273

to be made port of entry, 161, 174

vacant lots in, 194

Savannah minister, land for his support, 89

Savannah trade, must be encouraged, 96

Sawmill, at Ebenezer, 4, 42, 61, 194-195, 202, 242

Robert Parkers, 40-41

Schmidlinus, Leontius, petition of people who want to go to Ga., 188-189

Schoolmaster at Savannah, Edward Holt, 174, 213, 215

Peter Joubert displaced, 197

Schubdrein, Peter, secured German settlers, 242

Scythes, sent to Ga., 152

Secretary, William Stephens removed and James Habersham appointed, 200, 222

Servants, for Rev. Bartholomew Zouberbuhler, 118, 139

land for, 143

needed in Ga., 107

runaway, 201, 245

work own land one day a week, 105

to work land for relgious uses, 120

Trustees trying to get more, 63

see German servants Settlement pattern, suggested by Trustees, 194

Settlements, reports on different ones wanted, 208-209

Shaaf, Ulrick, comes to Ga., 26

Shepherd, Peter, patroon of boat, 115

Shipbuilding, Trustees approve, 97

Ships, loaded in Ga. for export, 226

Shoes, sent to Ga. by Trustees, 11

Shropshires Bookseller, location of Trustee office, 269

Shrubsole, William, land grant, 97

Silk culture, advantages of, 241

amount of silk produced in 1750, 232

at Ebenezer, 42, 43, 76, 77, 86, 93-94, 96-97, 99, 113, 114, 118-119, 131-132, 162, 163, 166-167, 187, 215, 241, 268

at Vernonburgh and Acton, 102, 142

basins for sent, 207, 214

books to aid, 16, 59

bounties on, 43, 45, 113, 165-166, 168-169, 175-177, 213, 215, 220, 222-224, 231-232

by Salzburgers told to Samuel Urlsperger, 136-137

estimate of increase, 257, 266, 273

expenditures for, 241, 246-247, 250, 251

freed of Jane Mary Camuses actions, 74

Frenchmen who understand come to Ga., 199, 204

Ga. superior to Italian, 265, 267-268, 270

great advantage to Ga., 264-265, 267-268

how well carried on at Savannah?, 39

in Ga., 116, 128-130

in languid state, 141

in S. C., 167

instructions to be sent, 63-64, 66-67, 75-76

items to help sent to Ga., 25, 70, 71-72, 73

machines for sent, 16, 69

Negroes to be taught, 146

Parliamentary encouragement of, 165, 184-185, 186

payment for, 139, 238-239

Pickering Robinson and James Habersham aid, 225-226, 246, 248, 249

report on conditions of, 208-209

to be encouraged, 116, 164-166, 166-172, 173-177, 197-198, 200-201, 217, 238-239, 264-265

to be encouraged by royal government, 256-257, 260-261, 270-277

Trustees to provide for, 269

Silk culture in Ga., greatly desired in England, 134-135

Silk from Ebenezer, 3, 113, 133, 215

Silk from Ga., highly praised, 62, 88, 222

received, 10

sold at high price, 268, 275, 276, 277

Silk manufacture in England, hurt by Italian prohibition of export of raw silk, 164

Silk, raw, Italian states prohibit export, 164, 166, 171, 184

Silk reeling, Elizabeth Anderson to instruct women in, 197-198

female Negroes to be instructed in, 229

progress made in?, 36

reward to women who learn, 96, 99, 165, 198

Silk worm seed, coming from Portugal, 250-251

procured from Italy, 166, 170, 178, 180, 181

to be sent to Ga., 165, 170, 178, 187

Skidoway Island, sale of cattle on, 84-85

Slaves, see Negroes

Smith, Samuel, Bartholomew Zouberbuhlers letter to, 258

interest in affairs of Lucy Mouse, 84-85

letter from Joseph Ottolenghe, 258

Smith, Thomas, told of delay in securing quit rent information, 137-138

Smiths bellows, sent to Ga., 87

Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, journal of John Martin Bolzius sent to, 4

Society for Propagating the Gospel in Foreign Parts, missionary for Augusta, 206, 214-215, 220-221

sends parcels to Bartholomew Zouberbuhler, 34

to pay Bartholomew Zouberbuhler, 33, 34

to pay salary of Joseph Ottolenghe, 229

Sola bills, accounts of use needed, 107

captured and taken to Havana, 57, 65-66, 78, 80

issued to Capt. George Dunbar, 124-125

issued to Rev. John Martin Bolzius to pay for Salzburger silk, 167, 169-170, 171-172, 173-174, 180, 181

how endorsed, 47

new method of paying, 45

not to be used for final Trustee bills in Ga., 269-270, 273-274

sent to Ga., 10, 11, 12, 32, 34, 47, 65-66, 78, 80-81, 87, 94, 106, 114, 139, 147-148, 149, 150, 152, 161, 173, 178, 181, 204-205, 210, 211, 220, 222-224, 248-249, 251

should be sent to England for payment, 263

Soldiers, disbanded, arms for, 125-126

land for, 125-126

list of those in Ga., 217

list of those in Ga. wanted, 179, 196

rewards and provisions if they remain in Ga., 117

who remain in Ga., 123-124, 148-151

Soldiers in Ga., 149-150

boat for their use, 142, 154-158, 205-206

Harris and Habersham paid for provisions, 219-220

provisions for, 142, 251, 267

Soldiers, independent companies to be stationed in S. C., 110

needed on road to St. Augustine, 234

to be stationed at Augusta, Frederica, and Jekyll Island, 119-120

South Carolina, bad treatment of people taken there, 267

bounty on silk production, 167

fear of annexation of Ga. to, 216-217

German servants run away to, 202

governor and council to forward Ga. mail, 49, 51, 79-80, 106, 109

Indian trade with Cherokees, Catawbas, and others to N, 234

not to annex Ga., 254, 266

South Carolina and Ga., Indian present distribution, 108, 114, 121-122, 123, 153-154, 158-159

Spain, border troubles, 91-92, 110-112

claims Ga. and S. C., 110-112, 127

peace with almost established, 101

preliminary peace signed, 107

Sparnel, Thomas, land grant, 57

Spencer, William, appointed bailiff, 33, 36, 75, 80

deposition of Mary Bosomworth before, 44

on commission to settle Thomas Caustons accounts, 8, 13

Staley, Frederick, comes to Ga., 26

Staley, Gottlieb, comes to Ga., 26

Staley, John, comes to Ga., 26

Staley, John, Jr., comes to Ga., 26

Staley, Magdalen, comes to Ga., 26

Staley, Marian, comes to Ga., 26

Staley, Philip Jacob, comes to Ga., 26

Stationery, sent to Ga., 70, 71, 173, 275

Stephen and Mary, brings mail for Ga., 206, 207, 209

Stephens, Newdigate, heir to William Stephens, 60

Stephens, Thomas, heir to William Stephens, 60

Stephens, William, accounts, 210-211

accounts from received, 10

Assistants to act if indisposed, 162

directed to tell Mary and Thomas Bosomworth their rights in Ga., 79

draws bill on Trustees, 177-178

Indian present distribution, 102-103, 104, 108, 122-123, 153-154, 158-160

journal lost, 34

land grant, 19

letter about Ga. items, 10-17

letters and journal received, 10, 50, 54, 74, 141

letters to, 7, 10, 22, 27, 28, 29, 32, 34, 35, 37, 43, 47, 50, 59, 78, 84, 102, 109, 122, 126, 133, 190

no longer to issue sola bills, 210

no recent correspondence, 35

relieved as secretary and president, 190, 192, 200, 202, 235

wants new land grant, 59-60

Stevenson, John, applies for land in Ga., 249

no land grant for, 279

Stirling, Hugh, land grant, 18

Storehouse at Savannah, might be used as Indian trader warehouse, 199

to be converted into a market, 233

Success, brings mail for Ga., 38, 41, 43, 47, 249

Summersett, Capt., brings mail for Ga., 6

Supplies, in Kings Magazine, 214

sent to Ga., 70-72

sent to Salzburgers, 61, 72-73

Suppo-rt of religion and education, land for at Ebenezer, 61

Surgeon to the poor, appointed, 52

Surveyors, appointed, 262

method of payment, 14

to make report of all lands claimed by Bosomworths, 194

savings in estimated, 58

Surveys, made by Joseph Avery, 8-9, 56

Sutherland, Capt. Patrick, land grant, 97

Swedish ship, captured and carried to Frederica, 108

Swill, Thomas, quit rents for Ga., 83

Swiss, desire to go to Ga., 188-189

improvements and cultivation, 58

Tailfer, Patrick, land grant, 18

Taite, Capt., brings mail for Ga., 134, 135

Tartar Man of War, brings mail from Ga., 50, 51, 54, 64

Terry, John A. left Ga., 43-44

suspension as recorder at Frederica, 30-32

taken prisoner by the French, 63

trial for rape, 79

Terry, William, land grant, 18

Thomson, Capt. William, captured ship at Frederica, 108-109

takes mail for Ga., 38, 41, 43, 47

Tisdales, public house in Savannah, 2

Tools, for new German arrivals, 204, 240

sent to Ga., 17, 24-25

Town Court of Savannah, proceedings not received, 196

proceedings of needed, 79

records sent to England, 217

Vice President Henry Parker to attend, 196

Townsend, brings mail from Ga., 108

Treaty of Madrid, copy sent to Ga., 227

Trenn, Capt. William, brings mail for Ga., 109

Trustees, anniversary sermons sent, 99

consider Ga. and S. C. of common interest, 120

correspondence, method of answering, 143, 162, 180, 217

finances at low ebb, 32-33, 35-36

funds difficult to secure, 233

garden gone to decay, 233

government surrender, 128, 254-255, 256-257, 260, 266, 278-280

have care and affection for Salzburgers, 42

have welfare of Ga. at heart, 186-187, 230

office location, 269, 274

out of town in summer, 106

memorial on general conditions in Ga., 230, 259-260

request for funds refused by Parliament, 228

work for Ga. a great satisfaction to them, 263-264

Tachiffely, John Lewis, bond of, 22-23

Tuckwell, John, land grant, 19

bill of exchange of, 32, 38

Tull, Jethro, book on agriculture sent to Salzburgers, 4

Turnips, sent to Ga., 25

Two Sisters, brings mail for Ga., 92, 177

Tybee, pilot at, 197, 233

Tyrrell, Mr., gambler, 2

Uchee Indians, hurt Salzburgers, 15

wickedness noted by John Martin Bolzius, 4

Uchee land, difficulties of cession, 85

not very good, 226

Salzburgers desire, 38-39, 42, 60, 180, 193

yet secured for Ebenezer?, 118, 119

Upton, Thomas, land grant, 19

Urlsperger, Rev. Samuel, assured no Negroes to be allowed in Ga., 62, 77

elected corresponding member of Trust, 77-78

interest in Germans coming to Ga., 243

report on happenings at Ebenezer, 47-49, 77, 188-189

sends chest for Ebenezer, 203-204

told that German servants going to Ebenezer, 105, 137, 144

written to for German servants, 101

Utrecht Gazette, Martyn letter printed in, 127-128

Verelst, Harman, purchase Indian presents, 114, 121-123, 160

Vernon, James, Bolzius correspondence with, 41

letter from Joseph Ottolenghe, 258

mail for, 98

missionary at Augusta, 206

Vernonburgh, Bartholomew Zouberbuhler to hold services at, 30

clergyman for, 5, 52-53, 54-55, 75

industry revived and cloth manufactured, 142

list of inhabitants, 1, 16

parcels sent for, 92

plows and other implements for, 94, 95

school master, 55

servants for, 15

silk culture, 59, 70, 71, 102

to receive wild cattle, 102

Vice President and Assistants, letters for, 204, 207, 210, 213, 216, 220, 223, 226, 228

Vinegar, sent to Ga., 25

Virginia, settlers coming to Ga., 59

Von Braham, William Gerard, brings Germans to Ga., 242, 243, 244, 245

infromation on his background, 240

land grant, 240, 242, 245

Von Munch, Charles, land grant, 240

Von Munch, Chretien, corresponding member of Trust, 42, 46, 60, 76-77, 105

land grant, 240, 242, 245, 255

payment made to, 113

proposes physician and hospital for Ebenezer, 245

silk from Ebenezer sent to, 163

tells of more Germans coming to Ga., 242

thanked for aid to Salzburgers, 42, 46, 60, 76

told of German servants for Ga., 137, 144, 244-245

told of published letter, 135-137

told of Salzburger success, 46

will be informed of Bolzius mail, 106, 110

Von Munch, Remegius, land grant, 240

Von Munch, Thomas, land grant, 240

Von Reck, Philip George Frederick, land grant, 19

Wade, Edward, land grant, 19

Walker, Alexander, applies for land in Ga., 249

no land grant for, 279

Walker, James, applies for land in Ga., 249

no land grant for, 279

Walpole, Horatio, collection of quit rents in Ga., 83, 137-138

Walthour, Christopher Conradt, comes to Ga., 26

Walthour, George Jacob, comes to Ga., 26

Walthour, George Michael, comes to Ga., 26

Walthour, Jacob Gasper, comes to Ga., 26

Walthour, John Gasper, comes to Ga., 26

Walthour, Margaret Barbara, comes to Ga., 26

Wardrop, Joseph, land grant, 18

Warehouses, needed at Savannah, 96, 198-199

Watson, Charles, accusations of Thomas Jones against, 1-3

appointed recorder, 75, 80, 81-82

arrived in England, 17

bill of exchange paid, 81-82

deposition of Mary Bosomworth before, 44

neglects duties as bailiff and assistant, 3

resigned as bailiff at Savannah, 33, 36

suspended as bailiff and assistant, 3

to return to Ga. and desires office, 43-44

Trustees ask how he executes his office, 196

Watts, Frances, funds for, 109

land sold to James Habersham, 9, 12, 210-211

letter of attorney to William Duchee, 23

Weaving, at Vernonburgh and Acton, 142

Weber, John, petition of people who want to go to Ga., 188-189

Weights and measures, sent to Augusta for the Indian trade, 234-235, 236

West, Catharina, comes to Ga., 26

West, Elizabeth, land grant, 19

West, Magdalena, comes to Ga., 26

West, Matthias, comes to Ga., 26

Weston, Willes, trust grant, 21

Wharf at Savannah, needs to be improved, 96, 130, 132-133

Whetstones, sent to Ga., 152

White, Capt., brings mail for Ga., 31, 32, 34, 35, 220, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226

mail received from, 126

taken by enemy, 51, 74, 80

White servants, proportion to Negroes, 144-145

Whitefield, Rev. George, land grant for Bethesda, 22

Negroes in Ga., 42

trust grant, 84

Whitehall Evening Post, Martyn letter printed in, 127-128

Wilkinson, Capt. Thomas, captured by enemy, 33

William, Griffith, carries mail to London, 192

services of, 204

storekeeper at Frederica, 189

Williams, John,land grant, 18, 279

to bring settlers from Va., 59

Williams, Robert, land grant, 18

Williamson, William, administers Thomas Caustons estate, 43

Wood, William, informed that William Russell nominated for naval officer in Ga., 138-139

Wood, Capt. William, land grant, 20

Woodrooffe, William, land grant, 19

Wool ford, James, comes to Ga., 199, 204

Wool ford, Sarah, comes to Ga., 204

Wrangle, Charles Henry, captured ship at Frederica, 108

Wright, Jermyn, purchase Indian presents, 114, 121-123, 160

Wyssenbakher, Christopher, comes to Ga., 26

Wyssenbakher, Jacob, comes to Ga., 27

Wyssenbakher, Margaret, comes to Ga., 27

Wyssengert, Anna Maria, comes to Ga., 27

Yakeley, Jacob, comes to Ga., 26

Yamacraw Indians, number and how they subsist, 59, 140

will they surrender their lands, 140, 193-194

Yeomans, William, Charles Town merchant, 115

Yonge, Henry, appointed surveyor, 262

Young, Isaac, land grant, 19

Younge, Capt., brings mail for Ga., 84, 85, 87, 88

Zeigenhagen, Friedrich Michael, applied for help for Salzburgers, 4

applies for medicines for Salzburgers, 88

Bolzius correspondence with, 41, 188

contents of packages for Salzburgers, 50

informed of regulations on Negroes, 144

information about silk bounty for Ebenezer, 113

interest in Germans coming to Ga., 243, 244

lost parcels for Salzburgers, 94

mail for, 98

purchase gown and clothing for John Martin Bolzius, 61-62, 72-73

Zinzendorf, Count of, land grant, 19

Zoning, Barbara, comes to Ga., 27

Zoning, Margaret, comes to Ga., 27

Zouberbuhler, Bartholomew, appointed missionary to Savannah, 28, 29

bill of exchange, 75, 216

bill of exchange refused, 246, 247, 252

books sent to, 151

complaints about Edward Holt, 215

dissatisfied in Ga., 118

funds not paid when due, 215-216

furniture for parsonage, 74, 75

Joseph Ottolenghe, 258

land grant, 140

letter received, 82, 197

Library of late Dr. Crow sent, 151

mail feared taken by enemy, 82

parcel for sent, 87

pastor for Vernonburgh and Acton in person or by assistant, 54-55

Peter Joubert complained of, 197

plan of church and glass for it, 151

recommended to employ John J. Zubly as his assistant, 52-53, 75

request for schoolmaster at Savannah, 153

salary and expenses, 30, 33, 34-35, 120-121, 139-140, 258

scythes and stones needed, 152

servants for, 29, 30, 89, 120, 139-140, 151

to give services in English, French, and German, 29-30

type Germans proper for his church, 152

voyage to Ga., 75

Zouberbuhler, Sebastian, land grant, 140

Zubly, Rev. John J., desired by inhabitants of Vernonburgh and Acton, 54-55

going to South Carolina, 89

recommended as assistant to Bartholomew Zouberbuhler, 52-53, 75

wants to be minister in Ga., 5