toltune 14204
1 (1)
Col, Oglethorp to E. of Egmont
Frederica 13 June I739
Hy Lord
The favour of your Lordships of the I5 Fehy, gave me a great
deal of pleasure, as every thing from Bjy Lord Egmont certainly would.
I have not yet tewnrte heard what the Parliament has done.
Your Lordship mentions Geraldinos Swaggering in London, which is
more than the King his Masters Vice Soys and Generals do in our
Eeighhourhood.
The Govemour of Augustine is wonderful civil, hut I believe the
reason is Patience perforce. We are as Civil hut will not trust them,
nor permit any of their Boats, nor so much as one of their Men to come
amongst us, but correspond by Sea from Charles Town.
iff
Sir Thntnafl is very much in the Eight o-t it to say that this
A
Province is the Key to Mexico, but I should think that a very good
reason to an Englishman not to part with it. I hear that they are to
have a great Eeinforcement at Augustine, and fanilies to Settle there.
They receive the run-away Negroes, and have Strove to bribe our
Indians from us, but ray Party among the Creeks, particularly those who
were in England, Stick firmly to us, yet there are some Priests and
others Sent up by the French and Spaniards with presents to bribe the
mercenary Part, So that ray friends in the Nation have invited me to
come up. They are to have a general meeting in July, where they either
will renew their Assurances of Fidelity to the King or go into the
2 (1)
Spanish Interest. Ify Friends have sent do%m to invite me to he there
euid do not douht hut my presence will entirely settle them in an unani
mous Resolution to Adhere to his Majesty. Ihere are I5OO Warriours
KB belonging to this Nation, 3!heir meeting is to he at a Town of the
Cowhetas, about 5OO miles from the Sea, where the Deputys from all the
Nations 200 miles round meet, so that this Journey will he both expen-
(2) sive and troublesome, and unless it is absolutely necessary, I
woTjld willingly avoid it.
This wotild have been an excellent occasion for introducing a
Missionary, had I had a good one here.
NB Mr. Norris seems very unwilling to leave Samnnah, and seems
inclined to go to England if he is removed from thence. I have also
NB received your Lordships Letter of 26 Feby. We have a Chapel almost
built, and I shall give orders for a house, but things are grown so
dear that I fear 40 L will not build so large a house as Mr. Mmnric
Norris wants.
I hope your Lordship will make my Service acceptable to Lady
Egmont, the 2 Mr, is Archers, the 2 Mr. Towers's, Aldn. Heathcote, Mr.
Digby, Lord Limerick, Mr, Vernon, Mr. Lapotre, Mr. Smith, Lord Tyrconnel,
Doctor Bales, Sir Willm. Heathcote, Lord Shagtibrnig Shaftsbury, Mr.
Laroche, and the rest of the Tnastees, and believe me to be
My Lord
Your Lordships most obedient
humble servant
The Rt. Honble. the Earl of Egmont.
James Oglethorpe
3 (5)
Mr. Hu^ Anderson to E. of Sgmont
Charles Tovm I3 June 1739
My Lord
Some three month Since I wrote your Lordship which I hope came
safely to hand.
It was the first time I presumed to meddle with Politicks or
puhlick affairs and I am hopef\jll ray doing so will sppear to your
Lordship the effect of necessity no choice Mjr Cenius enclines me to
the Maturall and retired Scenes of life, Politicks Surmounts my
Capacity; so are they without the aim of my Amhition.
I can add nothing to ray former letter concerning the Puhlick
affairs Save that the continuance of those measures and resolutions
which takes from the Inhabitants the hopes of redress to their most
material grievances Still further increases the misery poverty and
HB dispersion of the yet remaining body.
I do assure your Lordship that I personally respect Mr. Ogle
thorpe and have alwise received civilities from him, Hor can I doubt
from the Honour his Majesty has conferrd on: and the confidence the
honble. Trustees have reposed in him, but that some great design for the
benefit of the Nation is to be brought about by his means tho artf\illy
Jt
orouded from the ylyes of the vulgar, but I must Sensibly regret that the
SB effecting it has proved so fatal to the first adventurers.
SB As for my own private concerns. X^on finding my little Stock
exhausted my family decreased, my servants useless and burthensome and
all the atten^ts of industry and frugality unavailing; I retired in
^ (5)
silence to this Corner of the World where Iseing invited to give a
weekly lecture upon natural Philosophy, natural History Agriculture and
Gardening, my Endeavours however unequal to such an Undertaking were
acceptable, and Fourty Gentlemen were generously pleased to Subscribe
three guineas each per Annum as a gratification, and accordingly honour
me with their Attendance once each week in the Hew Council-house,
others (6) who are not Subscribers take tickets for each ni^t at 2
Shill. Sterl. In what farther Shape I shall be usefidl to the Publick
or my Self I cannot yet determine.
I waited on the General before I engaged ny Self in this place
and acquainted him of my design which he was pleased to ^prove of. and
I did deliver unto his Excelly. a Memorial of such observations in
relation to the Publick Garden, the Silk and Wine Mantifactures, as did
occurr to me in the Course of my endeavours to serve the Eonble.
Trtisteee in the appointment they were pleased to honour me with, and
did then assure his Excellency as I now do your Lordship that I was
most willing to serve the honble. Board in any thing within the Com
pass of my power, and that only necessity could oblig me to retire from
a Colony where I had fixed ny affections and expended my means.
What further changes awaits my lot I Submitt to Providence but
I flatter my Self that no change of plafie will exclude me from your
Lordships Patronage, and if I mi^t presume to request the hour, of
being recommended by you to Mr. Glen who comes over Governour of this
Province, I mi^t expect favours from him on your Lordsps. Accoxmt
which my merit could not intitle me to. I lived some years in his
Neighbourhood in Scotland and I believe he is not altogether
5
ttnacquainted with w Character.
My Lord Amidst the disappointments I have met with this comfort
remains, That my most valuable possessions are Still my own and no wise
affected thereby, I mean, A Spirit xmcapable of envy or despair, an
Ambition in the lowest Stations of life to merit the approbation of the
Virtuous and a mind gratefully Sensible of your Lordships favours. I
am with great regard
My Lord
Yo\xr Lordships Most Obedt. and
most humble Servant
Hugh Anderson
(9) Copy of a Letter from Col, Oglethorpe to the Accomptant to the
Trustees for Greorgia dated at Frederica 15th of Jxme 1739*
I have received frequent and confirmed Advices that the Spaniards
are striving to bribe the Indians, and particularly the Creek Nation to
differ with us, and the Disorder of the Traders is such as gives but too
much room to render the Indians discontented, great Numbers of Vagrants
being gone up without Licences either from Carolina or us. Chigilly and
Malachee the Son of the great Brim, who was called Emperor of the
Creeks by the Spaniards, insist upon my comi-og up to put all things in
order, and have acquainted me that all the Chiefs of the Nation will
come down to the Coueta Town to meet me, and hold the generall Assembly
of the Indian Nations; where they will take such Meas'ures as will be
necessary to hinder the Spaniards from corrupting atid raising Sedition
6 (9)
amongst their People. As this Jo-orney thoti^ a very fatiguing and
dangerous one is quite necessary to he taken, for if not, the Spaniards
who have sent up great Presents to them will hrihe the Oorrtq)t part of
the Fation, and if the honester part is not supported, will prohahly
overcome them and force the whole Nation into a War with the English
fomo Chachi and all the Indians adviee me to go tq). Ihe Coueta Town,
where the Meeting is to he, is near 500 miles from hence it is in a
strait line 300 Miles from the Sea. All the Towns of the Creek Nation,
and of the Cousees end Talapousees, thou^ 3OO miles from the Oouetas
will come down to the Meeting. The Choctaws (lO) also and the Chlckesaws will send thither their Deputies, so that 7,000 Men depend upon
the Event of this Assemhly. The Creeks can fTirnish 1, 500 WarrioTirs,
the Chickesaws 500 and the Choctaws 5*000.
I am obliged to huy Horses and Presents to carry up to this
Assemhly.
(37) To the E. of Egmont
Erederica in Georgia 5 July 1739
Hy Lord
I received the pleasTire of your Lordships, and am not at all
Siirprised that the same Spirit which woTild have had me assassinated
here, sho\ild Spread false Beports.
Your Lordship was vdry good and Just in your opinion of them,
particularly upon their saying that I was obliged to keep out of the
7 (37)
way of the Soldiers, a thing entirely false; The mutinous and disorderly
Wretches who never knew what Discipline was, might hate them who
ejcpected Service from them, hut, I helieve no one was ever better
beloved by their officers, and the Majority of the men than I am, and
Since Colonel Cochrans departure, there hath not been the least
difference or uneasiness in the Regiment,
I have wrote a long Letter to the Trustees, and as I am just
Setting out for the Indian Ration must refer your Lordship to it. I
hope you will make ny Service acceptable to Lady Bgmont, your good
Family and Mr. Teiple, and that you will believe me to be
My Lord
Your Lordships
The Et. Honble. Most Obedt. hum, Servt.
The Earl of Egmont, James Oglethorpe
(55) Mr, Oglethorps directions and allowances to Hen. Parker and
John Lyndal relating to the Trustees Cattle. 6 Jiane 1739
16 July
Orders
Bailiff Henry Parker is to take care of and ixizx diliver into
the fence made for that purpose the Steers belonging to the Trustees
that were bought of Bellinger and Clay, and to take care of them till
the year comes round, keying them within the said Pence at the Rate of
3 Shillings 2, Head for branding, he is also to hunt up and brand and
8 (55)
tak care of all the other Steers and Bulls helonging to th.e Tnistees
at the rate of 5 Shillings head, which he is to he paid in Case he
either hunts them himself, or is present and assisting to those who
hunt them up, and keep them in the said Fence for the year. But if John
lyndall the Pindar without any assistance from Mr. Parker, hunts up any
branded Steers or hulls which are alreaiSy branded for the Trustees, or
any unhranded Steers or Bulls and brands them for the Trustees, they
not being of the Stock of Clays Cattle, then the Said John lyndall is
to deliver the said Bulls or Oxen into the charge of Mr. Parker within
the abovesaid Fence, and is to be allowed 5 Shillings head from the
Tmstees and Mr. Parker is to take care of the said Bulls and Oxen and
keep them in the Said Fence, and to be allowed 3 Shillings head for
the irw said Bulls and Oxen for the taking care of them during the
whole year and keeping them in the said Fence.
The said Pindar is to keep a Book of Eegister & Mr. Mercer late
Pindar is to give a Copy of his Book, and in the Same the Pindar is to
enter all the Cattle belonging to the Town and receive the usual fee,
and the standing orders entered in Court are to be therein ptirsued to
prevent the Clandestine killing and Stealing of Cattle, by which the
S
Pindar is to receive 4 head for each beast or each Cow and Calf ths-t
(56) belongs to the People, and nothing under two years old is to be
reckoned a Beast. And the Pindar is to have one Shilling for Cutting,
and one Shilling for branding, and in case the Person shall not pay the
Same, then the Pindar is to apply to a Magistrate who is to give him
Warrant to distrain upon the Calves for the Same. And for each Beast
or Cow and Calf as above belonging to the Trustees which the Pindar
9 (56)
shall hring up, he shall receive 5 Shillings and 1 Shilling for cutting,
and one Shilling for "branding. And for the Cattle which stay up all
Winter, the Pindar is to receive nothing. And the Pindar is to deli
ver the Cattle to ye Owners in some Pen or inclosed Place within the
Sown or Common. And with respect to those who will joyn and go out with
the Pindar and hunt tp their Cattle, they must come to some reasonable
agreement with the Pindar, since he being at a Constant charge in hunt
ing, ought to have a profit sufficient to defray that charge, and also
they giving their assistance and lessening his trouble, do deserve an
allowance therefore. And as the whole Province with all therein is
granted to the Triist by Charter, all the unmarked Cattle do of right
belong unto them. But adl Calves following Cows shall be deemed to
belong to ye Cow they follow and be marked with the mark of ye owner of
the said Cow. Also if any YoTUig Cattle unbranded and under two years
old shall follow a Cow, the said young Cattle shall be deemed to
belong to the owner of the said Cow and branded accordingly, but all
other unbranded Cattle should be taken up by the Pindar and marked for
the (Trustees.
Copy
H. Moore
(59) Mr. Oglethorpe to the (Trustees
Savannah l6 July 1739
Oentlemen
10 (59
I send yon "by Mr, Ausponnger abont twenty ponnds wei^t of Silk,
we hoped for five times the quantity, hnt for want of Room we made use
of the house where the Sick People used to he, and the infection had
such an Effect (as Camus tells me) that it occasioned a Sickness amongst
the Worms, which destroyed a great many. Some of the Silk was wound
last year, hut most this, I hope we shall ha/ve better Success next.
Several applications will he made to you for Lands, hut I hope
you will make no new grants whatever till we can get those already
granted, in Some manner cultivated. There is one Talfeur an Apothecary
Surgeon who gives Physick, and one Williams of whom I wrote to you
formerly, a Merchant who quitted planting to Sell Enm, To these Two
almost all the Town is in debt for Physick and Rum and they have raised
a Strong Spirit to desire that Lands may he alienable, and then they
would take the Lands for the debts, monopolize the Coinitry and Settle
it with Hegroes, They have a vast deal of Art, and if they think they
cannot carry this, they would apply for any other Alteration since they
hope thereby to bring confusion, and you cannot imagine how mux:h tmeasiness I have had here. I hope therefore you will make no altera
tions.
I desire you would send over an appointment to the Magistrates
of the Town Court of Savannah for the time being to proceed to put the
Rum Act in Execution.
There is lately a Considerable Trade Started up here and Mr.
Pallowfield Collector of Savannah, and Mr. Grant Naval Officer and
Searcher at St. Simons, vigilantly acquainted me that they had dis
covered that there were some Spanish Sugars inported here (60) which I
11 (60)
m
thiak OTJght to pay a duty to the King. I ordered the two Officers to
write to you, and f hope jou will order proper Lawyers to he consulted
and Send us advice what to do.
The French and Spaniards have used their utmost endeavours to
raise Disturhances amongst otir Indians, and the not deciding clearly in
the Act relating to them has given such insolence to the Carolina
Traders that the Indians have declared, if I do not come up to them
they will take Arms and do themselves Justice and have ordered a general
assembly of all the Kations to meet me, I Set out this night and am
Gentlemen
Your most obedient
Humble Servant
James Oglethorpe
To The Honble. The Trustees*
(67) Copy of a Letter from Mr. Bolzius to Mr. Ywvwa Vernon dx Dated
at Ebenezer July 19th 1739
Most Honoured Sir,
As your honour was pleased heretofore to bestow many Favours upon
me and my Flock, for which I return you most humble thanks, so I doubt
not but you will take my writing to you in the same good Part, as You
was always generously inclined to do formerly. I have taken the Liberty
some time ago to lay before Your honour by the Eevd. Mr. Ziegenhagen the
Charges of a House for xay Ministry, and since he wrote me Word, that you
12 (67)
did not dislike it l)ut had a mind to recommend it to the Hononrshle
trustees I make now hold to acquaint you humhly, that a very good, and
for obtaining the Ends of my Ministry very convenient House is now
hxiilt, & I have the Satisfaction of Seeing now hy sweet Eacperience what
Difference he between a Dwelling House and a Hutt, where I was forced
to live for the space of 3 Years to many Disappointments of my
Health & Ministerial Office. The Charges of this Building amount
hitler than I could imagine before. Viz. to I> 82. 12. but I make bold
to assure Your Honour, that Ministers of the Saltzburgers after my
Departure (68) will have the Benefit of this Hotxse longer than hundred
Years. Our Carpenters and other Saltzburgers have done their Work so
faithfully, as I could wish and bring before the Throne of Grace many
thanksgiving Sacrifices for having gained that way some Money for
biaying Hecessaries, for them selves and families, therefore look upon
their Wages as Benefactions bestowed upon them. General Oglethoipe was
so generous as to lend me some money and gave me liberty to take out of
the Store at Savannah some Provisions and other things for my Carpenters,
which was a good means to pay a part of their Wages, and I am very
willing to repay it very thankfully as soon as I am able to do it by
Hind Benefactors. The Honble. Trustees have been so generous as to
bear the Charges of Mr. Grownas House, for which Goodness he has
returned himself most humble Thanks in a Letter to Mr. Verelst. this
encourages ay Hope, their Honours will not take it amiss if I beseech
them most humbly for some assistance more towards the btxilding of my
House than they have botintifully Allowed allready. I have wrote a
Letter to Mr. Verelst a fortni^t ago but did not mention any thing of
13 (68)
my Hoxisef teing mo fimisliod at this tirae. Therefore I crave Yo'or
Homoiirs goodness to reconunend. the Uecessity and Charges of njr House to
the Honble. Trustees, which will he (69) of such a Weight and happy
Effect that it will make me rejoyce and thankfull to God and Benefactors.
If merciful God is graciously pleased to preserve my life I shall
endeavour my self to the utmost of ny strength to spend all the rest
of my Life in this House to the Honour of God, and to answer the
Prase worthy henefa.otions of my Dear Superiours, which the aime at hy
maintaining me in the Congregation of the Saltzhurgers And as every one
of my beloved Hearers is exceeding glad to see now a good House built
for my Congregation*s Use, so they do joyn with me in Prayers to beseech
the Almighty for rewarding you, and them for such a great favour, I
eag)ect cheaxfully from their and Your innate Goodness in Respect to the
charges of my House. His Excellency General Oglethorpe honoured Yes
terday our Town by His Presence and did like my House veiy well, and
was generously inclined to recommend it to their Honours, tne Trustees
in his next letter, being now for the Welfare of the Colony gone up to
the Indian Nations in the Motmtains. He was mighty kind to our In
habitants, especially to our Orphan House and has Paid out of his
Pocket L *40 for the Benefit of the Orphan House in lieu of those Sola
Bills, which the Honble. Trustees have sent over to be signed by Col:
Stephens and Bailiff Parker, which they execused them selves to do for
some Reasons, which they will, I believe, write themselves to the
Trustees. His Excellency Genl. (70) Oglethorpe was much troubled by a
great many Groundless Complaints of our Schoolmaster Ortman and his
Wife which he took the Trouble almost half a Day to inquire into. His
(70)
Wife was allways exceeding troutlesome ly her Scandalous Behaviour to
ny Congregation, and since Necessity for Stoping Wickedness in the Bud,
obliged me to forbid her the holy OJable till she would make satisfac
tion by leading a better Life, it occasioned the Schoolmaster to grive
me arid ny Fellow labourer very much hy Oppositions, slanderings and
false Imputations before the Magistrates at Savannah as well as before
General Oglethorpe, but to their own Shame and Confusion since the man
is grown by his Wife's Wicked Contrivances and Insinuations obstinat
and disobedient, he is a great Burthen to us and not at all usefull to
our School Tdiich oy Duty obliges me to acquaint Tr. Honour with He
could not be used in any measure to instruct our Children in the
English fongue which was heretofore a Great Six disappointment to us.
notwithstanding he pretended strongly to be a English Schoolmaster but
his wrong Proimnciation & great many mistakes in spelling, reading and
writing occasioned Genl. Oglethorpe to order me not to give him leave to
teach any Child English. (71)
I dare not trouble you any longer by my writing in Your Weighty
Affairs, but committ You & all Your praise wortly Undertakens to the
Grave & Conduct of merciful God, being with the greatest Respect and
hearty Salutations from me, Mr. Gronau, our Families and whole Congre
gation.
Your Honours
Most Obedient
&c.
15 (83)
Copy of the Proceedings of the Assembled Estates of
I,, g, all the Lower Creek Nation held on Saturday the
Eleventh Day of August Anno Domini 1739*
By Powers from His most sacred Majesty George the Second hy the
Grace of God King of Great Britain, Prance and Ireland dca. General
James Oglethorpe being Appointed Commissioner, was present in behalf of
His Majesty and opened the Assembly by a Speech. There were also
present at the said Assembly of Estates the Mico or Zing of the Coweta
Town Chichely Ninia Mico of the a said Town, Malachi Mico Son of Brim
late Effiperottr of the Creek Nation and the Chief men and Waxriours of
the Coweta Town. The Mico or chief King of the Oussitas, and Scisheligo
Mico next to the Zing of the Cussitas, Isheigo third Chief Man of the
Cussitas, and the other Chief Men and Warriours of the said Town, and
also Ochachaphoone one of the Chief Men of the Town of Palachuchulas,
Kelatte Chief War Captain, and other chief Men and Warriours being
Deputys sent with fxill Powers to Conclude all things for the said Town,
Tawmawme Mico of the TJsawles with several other Chief Men and Warriours
being Deputys sent with fxill Power to Conclude all things for the said
Town, Matalecheho War Captain of the Echelees with several other Chief
(84-) Men and Warrioxirs, being Deputy sent with fxill Powers to conclude
all things for the said Town. Neathacklo chief Man of Oosachees with
several other chief Men and Warriours, being Deputys sent with fxill
Power to conclude all things for the said Toxra. Occullaveche chief Man
of the Ohehaws with several other Chief Men and Warrioxirs being Deputys
with full Powers to conclude all things for the said Toxtfn. Hewanawge
Thalacho chief Man of the Oxmxilges xidth several other Ciiief Men and
16 (84)
Warrioijrs teing D^utys sent with full Powers to conclude all things for
the said Town. The Mico or chief King of the Occonys with several chief
Men and Warriours having full Powers to Conclude all things for the said
Town. Meathaclo second Chief Man of the Swagles with several other chief
Hen and Warriours being Deputys sent with full Powers to conclude all
things for the said Town. The said Estates being Solemnly held and
opened at the great Sqxiare in the Town of the Gowetas, and Adjourned
from thence to the Town of Cussitas and the Deputys having Drank
black Drink together according to the Ancient custom of their Eation
being a Religious form Transmitted down by their Ancestors. The whole
Estates declared by a general Consent, without one Negative that they
Adherred in their Ancient, Love to the Zing of great Britain and to
their Agreements made in the Year 1733 with the Trustees for Establishg.
the Colony of Georgia in America, a Counterpart of which Agreement, was
then Delivered to each Town, (85) and the Deputys of the Several Towns
produced the same and further Declared tlW3.t all the Dominions erritores and Lands from the River Savannah to the River St. Johns and all
the Islands between the said Rivers, and from the River Saint Johns to
the Bay of Appalache within which is all the Appalache Old Pislds, and
from the said Bay of .^)palache to the Mountains doth by Ancient Right
belong to the Creek Nation, and they have maintained Possession of the
said Ri^t against all Opposers by War, and can show the heaps of Bones
of their Enemies slain by them in Defence of the said Lands. And the
said Estates fxirther Declared that the Greek Nation hath for Ages had
the Protection of the Zings, and Qpeens of ^gland, and have gone to
War by Commission's from the Governours appointed by the said Zings and
17 (85)
Qaeens of England and that the Spaniards nor no other Nation have a
Eight to any of the said Land, and that they will not suffer them nor
any other Person, Excepting the Trustees for Establishing the Colony of
Georgia in America to settle upon the said Lands And they do acfetiow
ledge the Grant they have already made to the Trustees for Establishing
the Colony of Georgia in America all the Lands upon the Savannah Eiver
as far as the River Ogeeche and all the Lands along the Sea coast as
far as the River St. John's and as high as the Tide flows (86) and all
the Islands as far as the said Eiver particularly the Islands of
Frederica, Cumberland and Amelia to which they have given the Rames of
His Majestys Family out of gratitxide to Him. But they Declare that
they Did and do reserve to the Creek Nation all the Land from Pipe
makers Bluff to Savannah, and the Islands of Saint Cathrines, Osseban,
and Sappalo and they farther Declare that the said Lands are held by the
Creek Nation as Tennants in Common.
And the said Commissioner Doth declare that the En^ish shall not
enlarge or take vp any other Lands except those granted as above by the
Creek Indian Nation to the Trustees, and doth Promise and Covenant that
He will Punish any person that shall Intrude upon the said Lands which
the Creek Nation hath reserved as above Given under my Hand and Seal
this 21st Day of August at the Coweta Town 1739*
James Oglethorpe
18 (87)
By James Oglethorpe Esqr. General and Conmander in Chief of all
His Majestys Torces in South Carolina & Georgia &ca.
(L.S.) To all His Majesty's Subjects whom these Presents shall
come Greeting
Know ye that you are not to take up or settle any Lands beyond
the afforesaid Limits settled by me with the Creek Nation, at there
Estates held 11th Day of August 1739. as You shall Answer the same at
Yotir Peril Given under my Hand and Seal this 21st Day of August
1739.
James Oglethorpe
This is a true and Authentick Act made in the Square at Coweta
Town and in the Square at the Cussita Town and Translated ty a sworn
Intei^reter in the Presence of the affore mentioned Indians and under
mentioned Britons & of me
X
Lieut: Geo: Dunbar
Ensign Jno. Leman
Adjutant H: Mkay
Eneas M'intosh Esqr. Brother to
ye Laird of Mintosh
John Guthbert Esqr. of Drachers
Thos. Eyre Esqr.
Anthony Willy Esqr.
Which 1 do certify
Thos. Marriott
Mr. Bob; Mpherson Bror; to
Thos. M'pherson Esqr, of Dobradie
Mr. Jno. M:intosh son of Jno
M'intosh of Holmes
Mr. James McQueen Son of Jas.
McQueen of Corribrou^.
Mr. Keneth Bailie sone of
John Bailie of Ballrobart
Mr. John Me into^
Mr. George fihrtiMlBgg Cuthbert
Thos, Marriott
Of the Country of Inverness North Britain
19 (88)
Savanaah,ss. Before us the Baylifs & Recorder of ye Town & Country
aforesaid Appeard Jno. Cuthhert Esqr. of Drachies, Thos. Eyre
Esqr., Anthony Willy Esq.r. Mr. Eoht. Me pherson Bro; to Thos.
Me pherson of Dallrgidea Esqr. Mr. Jno. Me Eintosh son of Jno.
Me Kintosh of Holmes Mr. James MoQueen son of Jas. McQaeen of
Corrihrou^ Mr. Kenneth Bailie son of Jno. Bailie of Ballrohart
Mr. Jno. Me Kintosh and Mr. Thos. Marriott, & "being duely Sworn
Do Sererally depose that they were present at a Generali Assembly
held hy the Honhle. James Oglethorpe 20th the Estates of the
Creek Nation on the 11th of August last past in the Sown of
Cowetas & Cussitaws & Do Further declare that the substance of
the several sheets of paper here to Annex*d do Contain a True and
Authentick Awr. of what then passd & was Agreed on According as
the Interpreter Informd them
John Cuthbert
Sworn this 29th Day of Sep. 1739*
Thos. Eyre
Before us
A: Willy
Henry Parker
Rob: MPherson
R: Gilbert
Jno. Mackintosh
Thos. Christie
Jas. Mackqueen
Savannahss. Before us the Baylifs
Kenneth Baillie
and Recorder of the Town
John Mackintosh
& Country aforesaid,
Thos. Marriott
Appeared Mr. Thomas
Wiggins and being duely
Sworn Deposed that he
was Present at -Hie said
20 (88)
Places aforementioned as iirinnf (89) Interpreter Betwixt
the Honhle. Genl. Oglethorpe & the Chief of the Creek
Nation above Mentioned and that the substance of the
Sevl. Sheets of paper hereunto Annexd is a True &
faithfull Interpretation of what passd & was Agreed on
at the times & places above Specified
Ihos. Wiggins.
Sworn this 29 of Seprs 1739
Before us
Henry Parker
E: Gilbert
Thos. Christie
Appeard before me the
underwritten Persons & made oath
that the Above Writting is true &
that they were Present thereat
Sworn this 12th dgy Geo! Dtmbar
of October 1739* Jno* Leman
Tho, Christie
u
(93) Lajibence Eices affidavit of oppression reed, from Mr. fho.
Jones, received June 17^1.
Georgia, Savanah 22. Aug. 1739
Laurence Eice maketh Oath, tha.t having lately Served the Eonble.
21 (93)
Trustees for ests.Mishing the Said Province, in their Crarison et the
Town of Augusta, \mder the comand of Lieut. Eichsrd Kent, he ohtain*d
a certificate of Said Service from the Said Comander; That the Said
Certificate was directed to Mr. Tho. Jones Store keeper for the Said
Trustees, and intitled him, this deponent, to receive of the Said Tho.
Jones the clear & neat Sum of 4.15.0 Sterl. That on or about the 20th
of July last, he, this deponent, appl7*d to the Said Thomas Jones for
payment, who making Some Scmiples about it, and not giving a direct
answer. He, this deponent urged that he was in great necessity, and was
obliged to return to his wife and children in Philadelphia, to effect
which he beleived he Sho\ild be obliged to go by the way of Hew York for
want of other passage, which would be a double voyage, and consequently
more expensive; But notwithstanding all the arguments which this
Deponent co\ild use, altho drawn from justice and necessity, the Said
Jones 8nswer*d he had no money, and co\ild not pay it. That this
deponent Some time after meeting with the Said Jones at Mr. %tons
house at Savannah, he this deponent acquainted the Said Jones, that he
had offer*d the Said certificate to Several people for Sale at a dis
count, and that they had refused to have any thing to do with it: and
in further discourse acquainted him, that he, this deponent) was willing
to lose the odd money, and wo\ild assign over the Said certificate to any
One on the receipt of 4 L Sterl. And this deponent further Saith, that
the Said Thomas Jones did at that time answer, that he would have
nothing to do with it, but added, that if he, this deponent, wo\ild call
\;q>on him in the afternoon, he would enquire if any one of his acquain
tance had any ready money by them (or words to that effect). And this
22 (93)
deponent further Saith, that he (9^) did not go to the Said Iho. Jones
according to his appointment, hut went to hdm the next morning, when the
Said Jones proposed to him one Mr. Harris at the Puhlick Store jcfexs as a
proper person to treat with concerning the Said Certificate, adding,
he did not know hut he mi^t have Some money hy him, and further Said
he had aciiuainted the Said Harris of what he, this deponent, had before
declared he was willing to allow for prompt payment. And this deponent
as
further Saith, that he accordingly went to the Said Harris, who/aci this
deponent is credibly informed, is a Covenant Servant to the Said Thomas
Jones, and this deponent asked the Said Harris if Mr. Jones had ^oke to
hitn about his affair? that the Said Harris answer'd yes, and Seem*d
desirous to he in private in what he Said or did with this deponent.
That this deponent then deliver'd his Said certificate to the Said
Harris, and the Said Harris having given him this deponent a Sola hill
for 5 1 Sterl., he, this deponent return'd him the Said Harris 20
Shillings as change, whereby he receiv'd the neat Sum of 4 t Sterlg. &
no more in full Satisfaction for the value of the Said certificate.
And this deponent further Saith, that having received the Said
4 L, he, this deponent, offer'd to assign the Said certificate hy
endorsing his name thereon, hut the Said Harris answer'd that he would
take the Said certificate then as it was, and tell him another time in
what manner it Should he assign'd. And this deponent Saith, that the
next day he went again to the Said Harris to transfer the Said certi
ficate, at which time the Said Harris prodticed a p^er writing which
contained a form for Such assignment, and told him, this deponent, that
he must write a Copy thereof on the hack of Said Certificate, which he
23 (9^)
this deponent accordingly did, and Sign'd his name thereto.
And this deponent further Saith, that he has often Seen the Said
Tho. Jones write, and he verily heleives that the Said paper writing
containing a form for the Said assignment, wes the hand writing of the
Said Tho. Jones. (94)
And lastly, this deponent Saith, tiaat from the manner wherein
the Said Thomas Jones exprest himself in recommending the Said Harris,
as a proper person for this deponent to treat with, and the caution the
Said Harris used in paying the money as aforesaid, and receiving the
Assignment, he this deponent verily heleives that the value paid hy the
Said Harris for the Said certificate to him this deponent as aforesaid,
was the proper money of the Said Thomas Jones, and contrived on imrpose
to oppress him, this deponent, and draw from him an abatement of his
just due for prompt Payment.
Laurence Bice
Sworn this 22 day of
August 1739
Before me
Heniy Parker
(99) Port Augusta in Georgia Sep. l4. 1739
On the 5 of this Instant his Excellency James Oglethoipe,
Arrived here; This Fort is upon the Eiver Savannah, 250 miles from the
Sea; There is a little Town protected hy it. Inhabited hy English: It
was begun hy the General in his first Voyage to Georgia, and now there
24 (99)
are Several Traders Settled, with large Warehoioses of goods, and a
great trade drove to the Indian Nation. His first Days were Spent in
hearing and deciding several Differences among the People, making proper
Regulations, and granting Lands to several People who desired to
settle.
On the 6th Phony Mingo, King of the Chickesaws, waited on the
General. On the 7th a King of the Cherokee Indians arrived, with
several Warriors and other Attendants, making in all thirty three
Indians, to wait on the General. The small Pox and Rum being in the
Winter both carried xsp into the Nation by the txnlicensed Traders have
made terrible havock, near 1000 Warriors and hxinters are dead. The
Indians Loudly complained they were poisoned with Rum, and some of their
Towns have sent up to the French. The General immediately orderd the
Trtistees Laws to be more effectually put in Execution against Rum, On
the 13th arrived an Express from Savannah, with an Acct. that a Master
of a Sloop brou^t advice, that the Govr, of Rhode Island had granted
Commissions for fitting out Privateers against the Spaniards: The
General immediately dispatched Ensign Leman Express to Charles Town,
and himself sat out with the Utmost Expedition for Frederica, which is
about 400 miles from this place.
(123) Coll. Oglethorpes State of Georgia 11 Oct, 1739 Reed.
13 March 1739/40
Introductory Discourse to the State of the
Colony of Georgia
25 (123)
This may he
filled from
Coll.Stephens*!
return.
The Province of Georgia lyes from the most Northern Stream of
D. M
the Eiver Savennah (the mouth of which is in the Latitude of 32.00)
along the Sea Coast to the most Southern Stream of the Alatamaha (the
D. M
Southermost mouth of which is in 3O.3O and Westward from the Heads of
the said Eivers respectively in direct Lines to the South Seas. This
Province was part of South Carolina, the Eastern part and Southern part
inhabited by the Creek Indians, the Northern by the Gherokees and Chickesaws, the Western by the Choctaws, Bluemouths, Sibbolas, and other
Indian Nations to the South Seas. The Creek Indians acknowledged the
King of England for their Sovereign, yet made War with the People of
Carolina to Obtain Satisfaction for Injuries done by their Pedling
Traders. The War concluded by a Peace, which Obliged the People of
Carolina not to Settle beyond the Eiver Savannah and no English man was
Settled within this District, when the first Colony of Georgia arrived.
The Country was then all Covered with Woods. Mr. Oglethorpe agreed with
the Creek Indians, and purchased of them the Limits mentioned in the
Treaty. The Townji of Savannah was laid out and Built in \dd.ch there are
* Houses, Ships of 2. or 3OO. Tons can come to the Town, where
the Worm does not Eat, and the Eiver is Navigable for large Boats, as
D. M
fax as the Toxirn of Augusta, which lyes in the Latitude of 3305 is
by Water 222 Miles distant from Savannah, small Boats (by Water) can go
300 Miles further to the Cherokees. There is already a considerable
Trade in the Eiver, which Increases as the Settlements Increase. There
is in this Town a Courthouse, a Jayle, a Storehouse, A house for the
Trustees servants, a Wharfe or Bridge, a publick Garden of Ten Acres
Cleared, fenced & planted with Mi Mulberry Trees Oranges, Olives,
26 (124)
*!EMs may be
filled from
Coll.Stephenss
rettirn.
NB. the Ntimber
has not been
return'd Since
25 Augst. 1738
when there
were 260 acres
planted
Tines, Peaches &c* which have this Year by the Care of the Italian
Gardeners recovered the ill-treatment they met with, during my Absence,
though above 100,000 Mulberry !I?rees were intirely destroyed in the
ITursery before my Arrival a Guard house and some other Publick btiildings.
Eie frustees Servants wind Silk, and tho as yet but a small Quantity, it
will Increase considerably as the Mulberry Trees grow. There is a
Potter who Undertakes to make China, as soon as he can make proper
Furnaces. Some of the Jews have planted a little Vineyard, the Grapes
are very Fine, they this Year cleared & fenced * Acres which
they Plant this Year and do not Dotibt to make a Quantity of Wine in four
Years time, the Eiver three miles, there is an Indian Town, and at
Six miles distance are several considerable Plantations, And at 15
Miles distance is a little Village called Abercorn. Above that on the
Carolina Side is the Town of Purysburgh 25 Miles from Savannah, and on
the Georgia Side 15 Miles from Purysburgh, is the Town of Ebenezer,
which thrives very much. There is a very good House for each of the
Ministers, and an Orphan house, they have a great deal of Cattle and
Corn so that they Sell Provisions at Savannah For they raise more than
they can Consume. 30 Miles above the Ebenezer on the Carolina Side
is Pallichocolas, near which Mr. Elliot has a Cowpen with I8OO head
of Cattle, and there are many other Cowpens in the neighbourhood from
thence xg)wards for 30 or 40 Miles, so that a great Quantity of Beef may
be Yearly bought there, drove doTO to Savannah Killed & Salted for
Ejjport. Th Tallow & Hides will be of great use also to the Town of
Savannah, where there are Butchers who have already began to buy Cattle,
in order to drive them over, and Kill and Salt (125) Them for the
27 (125)
SMjjpin^, Five miles afeove Palichocolas on the Georgia Side lies the
Uchee Town, or Moxmt Pleasant to which about one hundred Indians belong,
but few of them stay now in the Town, they chasing rather to Live disperst. All the Lands from Ebenezer to the Eiver of Briars belong to
those Indians, who will not part with the same Therefore it cannot be
Planted. At 110 Miles above Mount Pleasant on the Carolina Side, is
Silver Bluoarj where there is another Settlement of Uchee Indians, on
both Sides the Eiver axe Fields of Corn planted by them. JO Miles above
*where there are
2 or 3 Families Silver Bluff is New Windsor,* on the Georgia Side lies the Town of
on the Carolina
Side & a small Augusta, just below the Falls. This was laid out by the Trvistees
Fort 7 miles
above New orders in the Year 1735/6 which has Throve prodigiously. There are
Windsor
several Warehouses thorou^ly well Furnished with Goods for the Indian
Trade, they this Year raised above 6000 Bushels of Corn There are Five
large Boats which belong to different Inhabitants of the Town, which can
Carry about 9 or 10,000 weight of Deerskins each. They exported last
Tear about 100,000 weight of Deer Skins from this Town, Hither all
the Indian Traders %d.th their Servants resort in the Spring. This June
there were above 2000 Horses and the Traders, Packhorsemen. Servants,
Townsmen, and others depending upon that Business, made about 600 all
White men, who live by their Trade in the Indian Nations, carrying upon
Packhorses all kinds of English Goods, for which the Indians pay Deer
Skins, Beaver and other Furs. Each Indian hunter is reckon'd to get 3OO
Wei^t of Deer Skins in a Year. This is a very advantageous Trade to
England, since it is mostly paid for in Woolen Goods and Iron. Above the
Town to the North West and on the Georgia Side of the Eiver, the
Cherokees live in (12 6) The Valleys of the Apelatian Mountains, They
28 (126)
were about 5000 Warriours, but have lost a Thouseud by Eum last Year.
The French are xJtx striving to get this Nation from us, which if they
do, Carolina must be Supported by / a vast Niimber of Troops, or Lost,
but as long as we keep the Town of Augusta, our Party in the Oherokees
can be so easily Purnished with Arms Ammunition & Necessaries that the
Prench will not be able to Gain any ground there. The Creek Indians
live to the Ifestward of this Town, their chief Town is the Cowetas 200
Miles from Augusta and 120 from the nearest Prench Port, the lower
Creeks consist of about a Thousand, and the upper Creeks of about 700
Warriours, upon the Edge of whose Country the Prench Port of Albamus
lies. They are sincerely Attached to his Majesties Interest, and they
emress
/o^^EZKsz the greatest Gratitude upon all Occasions, for the kind Reception
the Trustees gave to their Chiefs when in England, and for the Justice
with which the Nation is Treated here. They are ready to assist us
against either Prench or Spaniards. They received me with the greatest
Hospitality, and Obey all Orders as punctually as any Regular Troops can
do. Beyond the Creeks lye the brave Chickesaws, who Inhabit near the
Missisippi River and Possess the banks of it. These have resisted both
the Bribes and Arms of the Prench, and Traders sent up by us Live amongst
them. Ten Towns of the Choctaws also Trade with us. At Augusta the
Trustees have a Port where the Maintain a little Garrison of 15 Men
besides Officers, and the reason that drew the Traders to Settle the
Town of Augusta, was the Safety they received from this Port, it
stands upon a high Ground upon the Side of the River Savannah, which is
there l40 Yards wide and very Deep. Here I drank Wine made of Wild
Grapes, it was of a Pale Colour, but had much of the Taste and Sharpness
29 (126)
of Rhemish Wine. The people raise Some Wheat for their own Use which is
very good. (12?) Finding the great Value of the Town of Augusta, I
had a Road markd out hy Mr, Cuthhert with the Rangers, thro the Woods
from thence to Old Bhenezer, and the Cherokee Indians have mark'd out
one from thence to their Nation, so that Horsemen now can Ride from the
Toim of Savannah to the Nation of the Cherokees, all on the Georgia
Side of the River hut there are some had places which ought to he Cause
wayed and made good, and which I have not yet had means to do This
Road begins to he freqpaented and will every day he more so; and hy it
the Cherokee Indians can at ahy time come down to our Assistance. At
Old Ihenezer beside the Saw-Mill there are some Plantations of German
Families, as also a Cow Pen, where the Trust have a great number of
Cattle, and I hope with Care that they will amount to 6 or 700 Head hy
next Year hut they were very much Neglected, there not being Horses nor
Men Sufficient to drive up the Wild Cattle.
This is the Situation of the Settlements upon the River, at the
mouth of which the Island of lichee with the Lighthouse which is of the
greatest Use to all Ships that fall in with this part of America, hut
from Savannah Southward there are several Plantations (besides the
Villages of Han^sted & Highgate) which are Settled hy such of the In
habitants of the Town, as being able to Purchase Calttle, have Peti
tioned for Leases of Land, and are Settled upon the Lands hy my per
mission, until the Tr\istees pleasure he known concerning the Leases.
The Terms they propose are, the Lease to he for 21 Years renewable
every Seven Years upon paying one Years purchase of the in^roved Value,
The first Seven Years to he Free and no Fine paid for the first Henewal.
30 ik (127)
(Tbll. Stephens will write more particularly on this Head. 5!hese Set
tlements extend as far as the narrow Passages near Ogechee, upon which
Eiver lies Port Argyll in a Situation that Commands all the Provinces.
The next is Darien, where the Scotch are Settled, they have this Year
raised plenty (128) of Corn, have got into driving of Cattle, Supply the
Eegiment and Shipping with Fresh Beef (they "bought Droves of Cattle "by
the Assistance of the Trustees in Carolina, and Killed and Sold the Oxen
for as much as the whole Drove coat and so got the Cows clear) and they
have a great many good Sawyers who make an advantageous Trade of Lumber
the Buildings are mostly Hutts, but tight and warm, and they have a
little Port below the Town of Darien There is the Town of Frederica on
the Island of St. Simons, where there is a Port & Storehouses belonging
to the Trust, many good Buildings in the Town, several of which are
Brick, there is a Meadow in ye Neighbourhood that is Ditched in of 320
Acres, off which there is good Hay made. Ihe people have this Year not
planted much, they being cheifly Tradesmen, who make more by Working or
Selling to the Can^, than they can by Planting. Near the Cang) the
Country is very well Cultiyated, and great In^jrovements made, several
Lands not far distant from thence, having been gt granted in small Lots
to the Soldiers, many of whom are married, and those are the most In
dustrious and willing to Plant, most of the rest are desirous of Wives
but there are not Women enough in the Country, and indeed it would be
very necessary for the Support of the Place that they had Wives. There
are several little Villages upon the Island of St. Simons, and several
very handsome Houses "built by the Officers of the Eegiment, and there
has been Pot-herbs, Pulse and Fruit produced upon the Island, sufficient
31 (128)
to Supply both the Town and Garrison, but Corn, Beer and Meat they ha,ve
as yet from Blsewhere as It is true our People of Frederica have begun
this Year to Brew some Beer and also to Malt, and the Soldiers wives
^in Cotton, which they Knitt into Stockings. Between this Island and
Jekyll is Jekyll Sound, a very fine Harbour & the best Entrance (129)
the English have to the Southward of Virginia. This is an excellent
Station for Ships to Cruize upon the Spaniards it Commands their whole
homeward bound Trade, which must come thro the Gulph of Florida, and
D. M
near Saint Simons, the Entry lies in 3I.IO the place is Barred, upon
the Bar there is Water sufficient every TJrde to carry in Twenty Gun
Ships And taking ye best Opportunity 40 Gun Ships, nay the Pilot on
board Capt. Burrish acquainted me that a Sixty Gxin Ship provided she
was Listened and proper Weather chosen, might be carried in to Befit.
A great conveniency to a Squadron in this place is, that they can be
Supplied from the Darien with fresh Beef at a moderate price (as they
are Drovers they can buy cheap from the Stocks of Cattle in Carolina
and Virginia, distant from the Sea) in which Quantities soever shall be
wanting, and from the other parts of the Settlements with Pork. Upon
Jekyll Island there is but very little good Land; not above 3 or 400
Acres, the rest being Sandy Sea Beach. Mr. Horton has his Lot upon this
Island, and has made great Is^rovements. Kiere should be Batteries of
Canon to Command this Harbotir but I had neither Artillery from the 0rd~
nance nor money for Fortifications, yet at my own Expence I began a
Battery which Mr. Thomas made so expencive and tedious that the kings
orders not to Fortify, came before it was finished. To the Southward of
Jekyll lies the Island of Cumberland Ih and the Fort of St. Andrews
32 (129)
Sittiated upon a fine coiamanding Ground. SPhe Soldiers who have Wives have
had Lots granted them, which they have Improved very much, particularly
they have made a little Village called Ballimavee, there is about 24
families with good Hutts built, and all have cleared and Planted; beyond
St. Andrews is the beautifull Island of Amelia, where there are Orange
Trees wild in the Woods. Upon this Island is (I30) Stationed the
Trusts highland Servants and their Boats, they have a very good
Plantation & have raised Corn enou^ this Year to Support them Selves,
there is a little Port with a Sergeants Guard. Upon these Islands I
left a Stud of the Tr\ists horses and Mares when I went last for England,
and the Colts bred out of them are very good. Beyond this Island lies
St. Georges which was Qaitted by Agreement with the Spaniards, and
beyond that is St. Johns and the Spanish Out Guards, between 40 and 50
Miles distance from that Out Guard is Augustine.
We are now fully acquainted with the Country and what it will
produce. The Inland part is Hilly till it arises into Mountains,
mostly covered with Timber, Pine, Walnut, Oak end Beach; great part of
this is open Groves, very Grassy and little Vallies covered with Canes,
which feed Cattle to a large Size, the Land that has been Cultivated,
bears Indian Corn, Potatoes, Peas, Wheat, Earley and Eye with great
Increase. There are Quarries of Marble & other Stones and a pretty
many Agats in the Eiver, as alse Hoans & petrified Stone, of which I
shall send home some Sandies. As You come near the Sea, the ground is
more Level & Plat Lawrels, Cedars, Cyprus, Bays and Live Oaks, as well
as Pine, are of the hei^t and Size of Timber Trees the Shrubs are
Myrtle, prickle Pears and Sumach In the ^sland;^ the Orange Trees stand
33 (130)
the Winter, and grow wild to the Southward, the Mxilherry Trees thrive
prodigiously there is great Quantity of Honey in the hollow f. Trees,
and the Vines grow wild; hy Ejcperience they find that the Grafting upon
them Succeeds. The greatest Difficulties of the Colony I think are now
over the Boundaries are known, as is the Climate and manner of Agricul
ture So that more might he done now in One Year, than could before we
arrived at that Knowledge he done in Seven (I3I) hut our People are
Weak, they being Decreas'd hy vast Humhers having been Decoyed awsy to
other Colonies, many having taken to Idleness upon Shutting the
Store, went away hut those who remain raise Provisions of ye Bread
xk kind sufficient to feed many more Mouths than are here, and if an
Embarkation was to come in towards the end of next Summer it would he of
great Service to us. Both the Saltzhurghers and Hi^alanders are very
desirous of more of their Countrymen the Highlanders are willing to pay
the passage of 50. The Silk and Wine will certainly Suceed if well
followed, hut there are great Difficulties to get Humhers in a new
Country into a new kind of Produce. Several hundred thousands of Mulheriy Plants have been given to Freeholders at different times, yet
great H^xmhers were so Negligent that they took no Care of them. Numbers
also were destroyed when they burned the Woods in Winter to kill the
Vermin, for if the People then Neglect, the Fire catches into their
Plantations upon the Weeds and Corn Stalks which scorches the young
Trees and destroys them; though there have been such Ntimbers planted,
yet very few are left amongst the Freeholders. This Year they will
Plant again, Mr. Causton has some hundreds of Flourishing Trees. The
French Protestants also have some, for they know the value of them and
34 (131)
preserved them. There is more Trees of three Years stsnding in the
Garden than in all the rest of the Province, hut yoiing Trees planted
this Year there will he great lumbers; for as we give four Shillings a
how
pound for Silk halls, the people seeing/iiraxK much those get who have
Trees and have Fed Silk Worms now Wish to have them Themselves, and I
fancy they will take care of them; Besides that many of the Idle Ones
being gone out of the Province, the Eeminader set more into Lahoui.
Coll. Stephens will send You an Account upon Oath of whet advance the
Jews have made in Vineyards.
The Idle Beports of N-umhers of Georgians begging in the Streets
of Carolina are entirely false, there were between 30 and 40 Superntuneraries of my Regiment discharged for Crimes most of whom had been
Try*d, condemned and whipped out (I32) for Felony, Desertion, or being
in Foreign service and striving to Decoy the Men to the Spaniards, most^
of which Crimes merited Death, but by the mildness of the Courts
Martial they were only Sentenced to Whippings, and being Turnd out
Infamously. These men begged about Charles Town, and Contributions were
raised to Maintain them there, some dissafected People, particularly
for one Deane, who was Condemned for being a Papist, and having Own'd
that he wo-uld help to Surprize and deliver one of the Frontier Garrisons
to the Spaniards, This Crew had the Impudence in Charles Town Streets to
abuse Mr. Csuiogan and some Officers of the Regiment and Deane declared
that he was King James's man. Curs'd King George and all his Officers,
and Swore that he hoped to be Knee deep in their Bloods. None since I
came, left Georgia for mere want, nor I believe before I came; most
that have worked upon their Lands have Corn, Peas and Potatoes enough to
35 (132)
Subsist them, those who had not, or were hindered by Sickness, I gave
Allowances to; several indeed went to Carolina in order to Live with
more Idleness, several Pled thither from their Creditors, and went thro
that Province into others. The greatest part of those who ran to
Carolina, Bum being cheap (but Sixpence a Quart) drank excessively and
are Dead. There have indeed vast Numbers left this Province, or been
prevented from coming into it by the People of Charles Town, I beleive
several Thousands, and yet we have still a fine Body of People here, one
of whom is worth Three of those who Left us. You know that those the
Trustees sent to this ColorQr on the Publick expence, were men Ruin'd
in England, or Foreign Protestants, or Highlanders, the two latter being
Accustomed to Labour were not afraid of it here, and Subsist comfort
ably, Witness Ebenezer and the Darien, this Town was mostly Settled by
the former, many of the Unfortunate poor turn'd out to be Industrious
men, some of them have now Twenty head of Cattle, and have had this
Tear Eighty or a hundred bushells of Corn, besides great Losses that
(133) They have Sustained from the Idleness of their Neighbotirs, others
whom Idleness perhaps in England had Ruin'd came hither hoping to Live
in Idleness and avoid Labour, they Fled from Labour in Etirope, and when
they Saw it Stare them in the Face in Georgia, they fled from it into
Carolina, where they hoped to Live by Whipping of Negroes instead of
Working: But now the humotir of Forsaking the Colony is over; and if
ever the Trustees are able to Send another Embarkation of People (a
proportion of Laborious Women is wanting.) I think a little Time will
make this Province the most flotirishing of any in America. This Coloiy
lies between the French & Spaniards and Caroline, and if there was not
36 (133)
that Distance of an Intervening Province, it woTild he Impossible to
prevent a Seneral Revolt of the Negroes. Prom Georgia we can with Ease
invade the Spanish Florida and the French on the Missisippi.
To Stan up the present Scituation of the Colony. The Trust is in
Possession in Behalf of Ms Majesty, from the Garrison of the Okfushees
in the tpper Creek Nation (which they Settled Six Years ago) down to
the Gulph of Mexico hy the Appelachees, and from thence to Amelia.
TMs Garrison is near 400 Miles from the Sea; and a mark of Possession
within 40 Miles of the French Fort, and the Officer thst we have there,
keeps up the English Interest with the Indians, and the French cannot
Encroach ftn-ther without Hostilities. The Sea Coast lies from -Amelia
to the mouth of the Savannah, and is upwards of a Degree and a half
upon the Globe, but is confuted by the Boatmen who Row it, to be near
200 Miles by Water. From the mouth of the Svannah to Augusts is 236
Miles by water. In this Province which but Seven Years ago was all
Forests, are four Towns and the ebovementioned Settlements; It is well
watered, every part of it fit for Pasture, a great deal Stockd with
Cattle. (134) great part of it very xxfls rich land fit for Agricultvire,
end what is CMtivated produces Vines, Mulberrys. Orange and Olive
Trees, Peaches, Figs and most kinds of Fruits, that grow in Europe or
Asia; Potatoes, Cabbage, Carrots and all Pulse, Roots and Grain that
grow in Europe, Cotton Indigo, Cockineal alloes, true Alices, Sassa
fras, Snakeroot, Sumach, I^tle and many other Drugs that will not grow
in England. The boundaries of the lands sold by the Indians who Inhabit
the rest of the Province, ^1 I have sent home to You. The Indians in
that part of the Province of Georgia inhabited by them, not only Support
37 (13^)
s.
themselves; hut send yearly to Europe above L 20,000 Sterling worth of
Peer Skins aM Furs, and hy Instrticting them in other Valuable produce
of their Cotintry, they will increase the Consuugition of Woolen Cloathing
and pay in New Commodities, such as Wax, dying Drugs, Agats Ac. The
part cultivated by Europeans, wants only Industry and a Number of
people to produce in Quantities, what the few already here have rais*d
samples of. Ignorant and Sanguine People who know nothing of E\xsiness,
mi^t eacpect a Colony to grow to Perfection at once; but You who have
seen and overcome the Difficulties under which this Enterprise has
Labourd, know that the Success is greater than what One could reasonably
have hoped. Spanish alarms. Factions, and Idleness amongst some here
discouraged the Industrious The Jealousy and Rancour of otir Neighbo\irs,
omitted no underhand opposition that coTild be given to the Settling
Towns upon better Ports than that of Charles Town, The Enteiprize of
the Trustees Succeeding so well and with so much Reputation in Europe,
Envy raised a Spirit of Detraction against sucdti a society. Their
UhdertaMng was too good to be Approved of by bad men, too brace for
Cowards, and too Disinterested for a Selfish Age, therefore (135) Those
who were hopeless of Sharing the Honour of the Action, detracted from
the Merit of it. The Swiss and Popish Princes of Germany, fearing the
Loss of their Stibjects, Joyn'd the Cry, and the Spanish Emissaries were
glad of Fomenting tha.t Tenper, they wotild have persuaded, that so
large a Province, the whole Front so full of Sea Ports and Islands,
the Inland watered with Navigable Rivers, the Soil fruitfTill, and the
Air healtl^ was a barren Spot of Land not worth the keeping, at the
ZEE same time they made an Armament from Cuba at a vast eapence, to take
Voltuae 1^204
37a (41)
Oglethorpe Acct. of the Espences of the Colony from 22 Septlr.
1738 to 20 Jxine I739 with his explsuptions. Sent 5th. July
(42) Colli. Oglethorpe Explane.tion of this Acct. article hy Article.
Sent therewith 5 J^y 1739
I write this as an e3qplans.tion of the Acct. Sent to the frustees: If
there are any Articles which they do not think o-ught to le charged to
the Trustees Acct. I hope you will let me know them, and their objec
tions, that I may escplsin them.
a The First is to Mr. Jones the Storekeeper at Savannah,
h The Hext was to encourage the Soldiers to take up Lotts, and make a
road to them, which at first they Seem*d unwilling to do.
c I got John Barber to Settle at a place half way between Savannah &
Frederica, and a a Settlement there would be of great Service
in So wild a Country.
d That paid Dr. Logie was for taking care of that boy during his
passage hither.
e The Towns people of Frederica cut a road of 6 miles without pay, &
I gave them this to drink.
f I Sent Capt. Sutherland express to Savannah and Charles town with
letters to prevent any new demands being mad on the Trustees,
and to publish their advertisment.
g 1 also gave Something to the Sergeants and Soldiers to encourage
them to plant.
h The 9 Shillgs. pd. for making the St. Andrews Servts. cloaths and
the 9 Shillings paid for for Shoes for them will be paid in their
establishment here.
37b (42)
i The Palisades at Frederica Port are necessary to be kept ap for
keeping out hoggs &c.
k)
) See note on c.
L)
m) I issued a great deal of the provisions Sc for the Service of the
n.o) IPrust, therefore think it ou^t to hear a Share of the charges.
P)
) See note on c
4)
r See note on m,
8 Ihe Soldiers being ignorant of the Soil and Climate, I chose a Man
to he Overseer, and instruct them in planting; and I thought it
was an expence belonging to the Trustees, Since it was an
Improvment of the Province.
(43) An Acct, of Sundry Dishursments, made by Francis Moore, by my Order
James Oglethorp
1738
a Septembr. 22 To Mr, Thomas Jones, for wch. he is to account.
Pd, for bread & cheese given the Soldiers, whilst they were
making a road from the Camp to their lotts . * # *
C- 26 Gave to Jo. Barber who had Settled at Archers point between
Savannah and Frederica..
27 Paid Dr, Logie for Sundries Supplyd Jo, Teasdale, a Son of
a Freeholder Sent over by the Trustees.
2 - -
37c (^3)
OctoTsr.
Kovljr.
K
k
Gave to 1? Frederica Men who had cut a road from their town
to the ..^7-
2 Paid Mr. Hird for "building a Hutt for the use of the Trustees
Women Servants.......2 - -
Paid for pipes for the Indians. " ^
9 Paid Capt. Sutherland for his charges & going express to
Savannah & Charles town with Letters.5 *"
Paid in pt. for covering the Trustees Magazine at Frederica .... 4 - -
1 Paid Ensign Mace to he hy him paid for encouraging the Soldiers
to take & clear land, one half for the Soldiers, & one half
for the Serjeants.2 - -
11 Paid a Man for 9 days work, in helping to line the Trustees
Servants cloaths of St. Andrews. 9 *"
15 Paid a boat to carry Mr. Jones's baggage from St. Simons to
Frederica...310 *"
19 Paid for a pair of Shoes for an Indian Woman. 2 6
22 Paid Tho. Walker for 5 days work in mending the Trustees
^ palisadoes at Frederica. 15 *"
Paid do. for a Saw given Jo. Barber when he Settled at Archers
Point. 1^ -
23 Paid Tho. Sumner for 3 p^r of Small gates for the Fort of
Frederica. 12 *"
37d (43)
Z6 Paid for 6 pd. of Shot for the Indians. 2-
27 Paid for 2 Men and a ^ boat Sent to Darien on a Message. 8 -
m Paid Fra. Helo for work in tmloading one of the Transports .... 6 -
n Paid Will, Abbot for himself and Servt, in f\ill, for helping to
unload the Transports. 1 7 B
o Paid Edward Addison in full for do.^1 4 -
p Paid for 2 hens & one cock to Eoberson, who went to Settle
with Barber at Archers point. 42
Paid Sami, Davison for 14| days work at the Trustees Magazine
at Frederica.... 19-
q Paid for 2 Shifts for Mary Woodhouse, to encourage her to go
and Settle wth. Mrs. Eoberson at Archers Point. 8 -
r Paid Henry Eoberson & Edwd. Payne for one month's Service in
unloading Ships & Stowing goods. 2 10 -
s Decembr, 18 Paid Eichd, Oldner in pt. of Wages, being hired in order to
teach & encourage the Soldiers to plant. 1 10 -
27 Paid for freight of 15 Ton of goods from Savanah Store. 7 10 -
Carry'd over . . 41 18 0|^
37e (44)
a The boards from Dsrien were Sow*d ty the Trustees Servants.
h The Magistrates of Frederica had been diligent in detecting of Rum,
X made them this present.
c Thomas Jones is a half Indian, who is the head of a Party of Men
that understand the Woods very well, and came at the head of a
Party of Men to assist the Colony, when the Spaniards threatned
an Invasion in 1737. Mr. Causton wanting assistance, agreed
pay him, & his Men, hut only paid part. I paid him this on
accortnt of the remainder.
d I tho\ight it necessary to fence in a cow pasture at Frederica, which
is the only method to keep Cattel tame.
e The JO to Mr. Jones the Storekeeper you will find in his Accts.
f See note on h of the foregoing fol.
g It was necessary to build a clapper ax or wooden foot bridge across
a watry Savannah near a mile across, and till it was done, the
people going to the Txa Fort were in rainy times oblidged to
wade up to their knees.
h Barbara Campert took care of the Store house at Frederica, and
drest the victuals time there all the time of my being in
England: and as no money was paid to the Store from Savannah,
the debt remained till my arrival.
i Mr. Grant was Sent express to Charlestown on the Spanish Allarm.
k If the Trustees are not willing to pay the 10 paid to Mr. Bolzius
for the Orphan house at Ibenezar, he is willing to repay the
Same.
1 It was found necessary to have horses at Frederica, and the people
37f (44)
did not know which way to f come at them: So I ho'u^t 5
Carolina, and the Issues of the 4 will appear in the hooks.
m Capt, Eneas Mackintosh had 10 Rangers under his command, which I
reduced: But as he hinfflelf was willing to assist in bringing
in the IPrustees wild Cattel, which are generally hunted up in
May, I continued him on. Six months longer than his men.
n) The 58.1.2 for the Servants at Amelia, and the 3*6.0 for bonnets,
)
p) is part, and to be placed to the Establishment of Amelia, as
soon as our general Accts. are made out,
0 The Curriers Knife is repaid to the Store by the Tanners Acct.
1 The Canvas were necessary to be bought for the Service of each
Settlement
37g (45)
1738-9
a January
c
Fetruy.
d
e
f
g March
h
Brought over.41 18
5 Paid Greo. Spencer the "bricklayer for work at Darien. 1 11 5
6 Paid for carrying 100 "bushels of corn to darien, & for
"bringing 1400 foot of "boards from thence to Prederica .... 1 10 8
12 Gave to the magistrates of Frederica for their care and
dilligence in detecting Eum. 1 1 6
19 Paid "by Mr. Pury to Tho. Jones One of the Trustees Cattel
hunters on Acct. of his pay...15 --
1 Paid in pt. for fencing in a Cow pasture .. 3*
17 Paid for a Genoa for the use of Frederica.10 10-
21 Paid for 4 "barrils of "beef for the Trustees Servts. at Amelia . . 6 - -
Paid in full for fencing in a Cow pasture. 8--
Sent to Mr. Tho. Jones to purchasse provisions for the Chocktaw
Indians and other Services.. ..30
24 Paid Sami. Davison in pt. for "building a Clapper across the
Savannah ... 4 - -
25 Paid for 2 payr of Shoest for two of the Trustees Servants in St.
Andrews "boat... 9-
1 Paid Samuel Davison in full, for making the Clapper across the
Savannah... 2--
2 Paid Barbara Caii5)ert a dutch woman in fxill for 2 years & ^
Service as Cook for the Trustees Servts. at Frederica
endg. this dgy 10
37g (^5)
7 Paid to Mr. Jones, whicli he is to dishttrse on acct. of the
SilkManofacttire... 30 - -
i 8 AdTanc*d Hr. Patrick Grant on Acct, of a journey he made to
(Siarles Town upon affairs of the Trustees, before my
arrival note. 5 ** **
Paid Isaac Young, to encourage him to break Oxen to the
yoke rec^t. 84 8
Paid Tho. Salter for a chimney to the Watch houses in Savanah
rec^t. 4 - -
k 10 Paid Mr, Jones for the Eevd. Mr. Bolzius to assist the Orphan
house at Ibenezar rec^t. 10 - -
i 20 Paid in pt. for a large Canoa for the use of the Trustees
Servts. at Darien, to bring Wood &c down the Eiver,
rec^t, 13 April .. 3 *
L April 1 Paid for 5 horses & mares (of which 1 died); they were bou^t
in Carolina, & the rest were deliverd at Prederica
recpt. 17 7 6
m 16 Paid Capt. Eneas Mackintosh for 6 months Service at Port Prince
George, endg. 16 May next recpt... 18 15 -
n Paid for Sundries bought & Supply'd the Trustees Servts. at
Amelia ..58 i 2
37h (45)
7 Gave the Custom house Officers at Charlestown for instructions
how to act wth. relation to the Customs in Georgia recpt. . 2
Paid do. for hooks, papers, & printed Instrucjfeions for the
Custom house in Georgia, recpt. 4
Paid for a curriers Knife for the Tanner as recpt. I32
10 Paid for 66 honnets for the Trustees Servts. at Amelia. 36-
(page cut at this point)
(46) 1 See Note in the foregoing folio.
a Of the 62 Indian Shirts 22 were issued out at Savannah, the rest here.
h There is a natural meadow in this Country (call'd a Savannah) nearFrederica, which I had mowed, and between 20 & 3O loads of hay made
reeked in order to teach the people the use of a meadow, and
to keep the Cattel in winter.
c There were 10 horses for the Pindar necessary to drive up the Cattel
aViriMtiMrjtVaaJwjjtaaWKlA near Savannah, as well of the Trustees
as of the poor people, whose Cattel Since Mr. Vandeplanks death
have grown wild: 5y Computation they amount to above 5OO in the
town division, most part of which were in danger of being lost,
the Pindar not having horses to drive them up. These are besides the
Cattel at the Cow pen at Ebenesar who all belong to the Trust, and
by con5)utation amount to between 5 & 6OO. and besides 90 Steers,
which were deliver'd about a year before my arrival, to Mr.
Parkers charge, and for which he must account.
37i (^6)
d One of the Servants at Darien, a very industrious young Man, was desirous
of marrying a yo\ing Woman of the Hi^lsnds, who was Servt, to
Mrs. Montaigut: By paying for this Servant and letting him marry
her, I gained a family to Settle in the Province. A much less
charge than the bringing over from England would be, and made a
young pair as they thou^t happy.
e It appearing to me that the people of Darien were not fit for any
trade, & that by mere cultivating their lands, tho they were
very industrious, they would not be able to pay the debts
already due to the Trust and cloath themselves: But that they
understood taking care of Cattel, which business they chiefly
follow*d in Scotland, and the Country thereabout being very
proper for Cattel, and that it would be very beneficial to this
Province to have Cattel Slaughter*d at Darien for furnishing the
Regiment and the Men of War wth, fresh meat; I therefore lent
200 Sterl, to the people of Darien, and therewith paid for a
herd of Cattel, which was deliver'd to them, as you will find
by the enclosed, and for which they have given Security, and
already paid back Some part,
f QJhe Men Sent over by the Trustees to build a Saw Mill, with the assis
tance of Several other men finished the Same, And Mr, Causton
having not paid them, no more than others, there was a great deal
due to them, of which I have paid part,
g I have paid Mr, Cuthbert and Six Cattel hunters, being necessary, as
I mention'd in the Trustees letter,
h The moneys paid to Roberson is on account of building the Chappel,
37S (^6)
i One Crookshanks who had been a Stadki* Soldier in King Williams Am^y,
and came into the Trustees Service when I first was here, &
continued behaving very well, fell blind. I thonght the
cheapest way was to give him half a crown week (instead of
food) which is the kings allowance to Invalids, till Such time
as I have the Trustees orders concerning him.
k Fort Arguile being the middle way between the Daxien & Savannah,
when I dismist the 25 Eangers that were there, I was obliged
to keep on two. They have been of use, having Stopt Several
runaway Servts. assisted the Passengers, and fxirnish'd the
German Servants that are Settled there, with jadbc provision by
hunting. As Soon as the German Servts. have got in their crop,
I think to reduce those two rangers, & make a Saving.
L See note on h.
m See note on g.
n) Thomas Jones the Ranger, is the Same mentioned in the foregoing folo,
)
o) letter c
p The Cedar Posts bought of Mr. Carteret is for fencing in the Store house,
q Mr. Moore Mackintosh the keeper of the Store at Darien, has been
frequently obliged to attend here,
r See note on letter m. in the first folo. of this Acct.
37k (47)
1739
1 April
a
t
c
d
e May
Brotight Over , . , , 296 18 Ij
13 Paid to John Eeignier in full for a Canoa, he receiving 3
on the Same Acct, 20th. of last month, as 2. recpt. 9 - -
16 Paid for Paint &c for the Ministers house, and the ICrustees
garden gate as recpt. 1 1 10
22 Paid for making 62 Indian Shirts. 2l4
29 Paid for mending the IJrastees Cart. 6-
Ipcxii Paid 3 Men for making hay 1 day. 3
To Mr. Tho. Jones at Savannah, a Set of hills of exchange to
purchasse Ten horses for the Trustees. 50 - -
Paid Mr. Montaigut for a Servant marry*d to one of the Trustees
Servants at Amelia.. 8--
5 Paid for Cattel to he deliver*d to the People at Darien, wch.
have heen deliver*d accordingly. 200 - -
Paid Elisha Dohree one of the Trustees Clerks for Sallary
recpt.. 2 - -
Paid Samuel Smalwood Trtiatee Clerk on do. Acct. recpt. 2 - -
Paid Ja. Smyther on acct. of the Trustees Saw mill at Ehenezar
recpt. 30 - -
g Paid Mr. Jo. Cuthhert & 6 Cattle hunters years Sally, endg,
18 December 1738 as rec^t... 43 10
37-L (^7)
Paid Henry KEyers for Stmdry works for the Trustees as 2^ acct.
& recpt. ................. ... 2 11 -
h Paid Jo. Eoherson on acct. of hricks to he hy him delivd. et
Frederica, rect...3
i Paid Mr. Moore Mackintosh of Darien, in order for him to pay
a
5* 2, diem to Eoht Crookshanks grown blind in the Tr.
Service .... .............. .. 10-
l4 Paid making 4 Indian Shirts .................... 4-
k 19 Paid Laghlan Mackintosh & Will. Francis 6 months pay each, as
Hangers at Fort ATguile from 19 Oct. to 19 April 1739 .... 24 - -
recpt.
L Paid Jo. Eoherson for hricks to he deliverd hy him at Frederica
2. rec^t.3- -
Paid 5010. Walker for Work at Frederica Magazine .......... 8-
28 Paid Will. Francis for catching 2 Servts. & delivg. Jf them to
Savanah jayl 2. recpt.. ......... 4--
6ave to Will. Francis the Post, he having been down here at
Frederica a good while on e:^ences . ..1--
m 29 Paid Mr, Jo. Cuthhert & 6 Cattel hunters 3 months pay, from 18
43 10 -
March to 18 June next as 2. recpt. ........... ... iacxx^xJOt
n Paid Tho, Jones for his Service as Comandr. of a Party of
Eaixgers from 1 Jany. to 1 June 1739 as recpt.. ..11 5**
37m (4?)
0
P
q
Fai-d Mr, Jo, Outhhert to "be "by him paid to 4 Men, who Served
imder 53ao, Jones as Esiigers from 1 Jany, to this time in
full reqpt.18
Paid Mr. James Carteret for Cedar Posts delivd. to the Trustees
2, recept..
Given Mr, Moore Mackintosh of Darien on Acct, of his charges in
frequent journeys to Frederica <Sc. 5
r 31 Paid Jo. Humhle the Pilot for bringing 3 of the Transports up to
Frederica. ^ recpt. 1
June 1 Paid Elisha Dohree one of the Trustees clerks on Acct. of his
Sailary. rec^t. 1
2 Paid Mr, John Mackintosh of Darien for work done "by himself
and Servants at Darien for the Trustees 2 recpt. 2
Carry'd Over .... 776
10 -
4 2
2
37n (48)
a I liave had a Tesm of Oxen hroke for the Trustees Service, and to give
the people an exan^le, for nothing considerable can he done in
husbandry, without the help of Cattel.
b See note upon letter d in the 2d. Folo.
c See Note on b. in the foregoing Folo.
d I hired 4 Men froia St. Andrews for clearing Some pasture, the Trustees
Seir^ts. being Sickly, and eiin)loyed in unloading.
e Bailif Parker coming here about business, as also other people, I
chose Sooner to defray their charges at the Publick house, than
maintain them out of the Store, being glad to break through
that custom, which was necessary till a publick house was Set
up.
f See note on letter b. in the foregoing Folo.
g I Sent Mr. Upton up to Charlestown for affairs necessary for my
journy into the Indian Country.
h iTrSwurt Mr. Upton has a pretty little plaisterd house bxiilt, and Some
land cleard near Frederica. I thought it was cheapest to buy
his Improvments for Lodging a Minister, than hire a house till
the Ministers was built.
i See note above letter d.
k See Note on b in the foregoing Folo.
l) The lOOi : 30 5 and 40 , Should have been paid out of the 7IO L
)
m) bills Sent over by the Trustees; But as they were refused to
)
n) be Signed, I have paid the Sums, as directed by the Trustees.
370 (49)
1739
June
a
t
c
d
Bro-u^t Over .... 776
2d. Paid for fresh beef and Pork for the Indians.
Gave to Eobt. Paterson to defray the expences of the 1st.
Market at Frederica, which was this day. recpt.
Paid Sami, Smalwood a Tarastee Clerk on Acct, of Wages recpt. . .
Paid Elisha, Dobree do. on Same Acct, ^ recpt..
Paid Will, Huff in pt, for breaking 3 yoak of Oxen recept. . , 1
Paid Jo. Colwell on Acct. of his Sailary as Deputy S^urveyr.
E. rec^t. 2
8 Gave to the Interpreter of the Choctaw Indians ^ recpt. 1
9 Paid Tho. Walker for a Steer to be broke for the Trustees
E recpt. 3
Paid in full for fencing in the Town Covpen, cont, I3 cha,ins
at 6/6 chain, recpt. 4
Paid for making 3 cO'ts for the Choctaw Chiefs .
Paid Jo. Colwell on Acct. as Deputy Surveyr. recpt. 1
Paid 3 on acct, of mowing & making hay as e recpt. 1
Paid Lieut, Horton to be by him paid to 4 Men from St, Andrews,
who are at work at hire at 10 L Currency e month each . . .
2 5J
5 3
5 -
10 -
10 -
7 -
12 -
10 -
10 -
10 -
37? (^9)
e
f
g
h
i
k
12 Paid Jo. Haaabury for 1 months Service at Frederica Store
^ recpt.
Gave do. for fining down Some pipes of Wine, & jncRyaudLxtk
preventg. their Sowring recpt.
15 Paid Mr. Henry Parker Bailif of Savanah to enable him to build
a house, being a gift from the trustees promised formerly,
in lieu of Spending his time in their Service as recpt . .
16 Paid Mrs. Bennet for Sundries Stipplyd Mr. Parker during his
Stay at Frederica, who went thither on the Trustees
Acct. , recpt.
Paid Sami. Smal%fOod a Trustee Clerk on acct. of his Dallary.
E recpt.
Paid 3 Men on Acct. of mowing & making hay recpt.
18 Paid Mr. Tho. Upton for his trouble & charges in going to
Charles Town on the Trustees Acct. ^ recpt.
Paid Do. in pt. payment for a house & about 8 acres of cleard
land, now valuing, in order to be boia^t for religious
uses. ^ recpt.
Paid
Paid
for Men on hire from St. Andrews on Acct.
the Mowers to compleat payment for 22 Tun of hay at
1.2.0 ^ tun. ^ recpt.
15-
2 2-
10 - -
Z k
1 - -
l 7 -
5 - -
l0 - -
at#i5 -
6 1 1%
832.16.5i
37q (^9)
1 Sent to Mr. Jones at Savannah in order to pay Mr. Bolzius an.d
Mr, Gronau 70 L. and the remainder to purchasse Provi
sions for the Trustees Servants. 100 - -
m Sent to Mr. Jones to huy provisions for the Servants. 30
n 20 Paid the Eevd, Mr. MacLeod Minister of the Gospel at Darien. . . 40 - -
1002.16.5| _
1002 16
KB. Hhere has "been paid hy the people of Darien on
acct. of the Gattel, into the Storekeeper of
Frederica*s hands .17 7 -
Carry'd over. 985 9 5^
37r (50)
a I tlio-uglit it necessary to pursue the Trustees Intention for estab
lishing the Town, by putting the people into a way of earning
their bread in their different Trades, by furnishing the
Regiment with what they wanted, instead of letting the
money run away to ITexif York and other Colonies. I therefore
Sent the Stuns mentioned for the purposes. Some part of which
has been already repaid.
b For the Stopping of Rtinaways, Thieves, &c and Searching for Rum, I
thotight it proper to appoint a Watch house & a wa,tch man, 3
miles by Water, & 1 & | by land from Frederica, at a place
which coraands the River.
c I gave you before an acct. that instead of building a Single Chappel,
I had agreed for building a house in the Fort of 3 Stories 60
foot long by 20 foot wide. One Story under ground: the next I
designd for a chappel till Such time as a church can be built,
^d the t^jpermost for an Armory; wch, uppermost I Should be
willing to rent for the Kings Service, and to give 10 i ann
for it. It is now half finish'd. Besides the 22 i in Cash, I
have paid a good deal in provisions, as will appear from the book
of Issues.
378 (51)
1738
Ocfbr.
Novl)r.
Jany.
Fe'b.
1739
April
Broii^t Over. 985 9 ^
a. Loans
9 Paid for 176 of grease for Jo. Calwell to ena'ble him towards
Setting up his trade of Tallov? chandler & Soap hoiler.
reept. 1 9^
31 Lent Patrick Houston to enable him to Set rip a host for
furnishing provisions cheap to the Colony. reept.100 - -
22 Advancd Mr. Calwell on the Acet. before mentiond. reept. . . 13
Advancd Will. Moore to enable him to Set up his trade of
a Tanner as reepts. p-t Sundry times. 3 13
27 Advancd Sami. Perkins to buy half a Periagua, by which
means. One was purchassed into the Colony. reept. 20 - -
1 Advancd Jo. Walsh at Sundry times to enable him to Set up a
brew house, bujitvyrxxrxTviz. paying for
Malt, hopps &o. reept.. 53 H
Advancd iTho. Hird at Sundry times to enable him to Set up a
brew house, as reept. 68-9
19 Advancd Jo. Shaw to Set up the Trade of a hatter Cs-sh. 5 -
Advancd Philip Courtney v/ho was recomended by Ld. Egmont,
to enable him to build a house for a Shop &a Cash. 7 10 -
12^5 6 6i
Reed. pt. back. 9
Carryd forward .... 1236 6 6J
37t (51)
Carry* d forward.I236 6 ^
Td, Paid on Acct, of the Watch House
1738
Dechr, 3 Paid 4 Men for I6 dayswork. 2. 7.6
Peh. 1 Paid 2 Men for 21 dayswork. 1.17.6
Paid 2 Men for 1 months work each. 2.10.0
Paid 1 Man for 10 days. 8,4
3 Paid 1 Man for 14 days. 12.6
14 Paid 4 Men for l4 day each. 2. 7.6
May 31 Paid 1 Man for 6 weeks work ..1,13.9
11.17 1
c. Paid on Acct, of the Chappel & Armory
1738-9
Fehry, 1 To Tho. Walker onAcct.5. 0.0
To Oeo, Spencerdo. 2. 0.0
To Tho. Walker do. ...t 1. 5.0
1739
May 5 5!o Tho, Walker do. ... 10. 0,0
To Tho. Walkerdo. 4. 0.0
' 22 5 0
Carryd Over 1270 8 7i
3711 (52)
a Ihe Periagua hire is a very heavy article. I found 3 engaged in the
!Pr\istees Service before my arrival, besides the Colony Periagaa.
IChey had been einploy'd chiefly by Col. Cochran, and I finding
the Trustees Stores ei^ty of provisions, continued them on till
they were Supply* d, as also to bring dovm live Cattel 'md Wood
from Darien for building the Chappel. I hope to prevent hereafter
Such great charges, for I bought a great Canoa wch. the darien
people themselves will work, and bring down the Timber in. So
that there is only the prime cost of the Canoa, instead of 10
Sterl, per month, which is what a Periagua costs; But One and
Sometimes 2 Periaguas will be always necessary, and therefore
the cheapest way is Keeping the Colonys Periagua. Twenty pound
of this is entirely on the Kings Acct. And I believe all the
boat hire from the time of the arrival of the Regiment till my
coming here Should have been posted to the Same: But I know
not where or how it is to be recoverd.
b There are Several Boats absolutly necessary, which I have put upon the
cheapest foot I could possibly think of. There was the Carolina Scout
boat, 10 Men and a Master. 2. The Georgia Scout boat 10 Men and a
Master. 3* ie St. Andrews boat 7 Men and a Master. 4 The Advice
boat belonging to Savannah. 5 A boat belonging to Bbenezar.
6. And One to Darien, The Darien people workd the boat belonging
to that tovm without any charge to the Trustees, The people of
Ebenezar were paid by the Jobb. The 3 Scout boats were at 9 currency
month each man and 6 li meat 8s 6 L bread kind. 7* !Ehe Fort Arguile
boat; This was work'd by t^B Garison there; Having reduced that
37v (52)
garison, I put a German family with 2 Cattel hunters there, and
thereby Saved the charge of that garison there, and preserved the
comunication. 8 The Amelia Scout boat wch. I reduced, and mann*d
her with Trustees Servants, allowing them a Small yearly wages,
and therety Saved the Pay of 90 currency month, and paid the
former Men one months pay on their dismission.
I manned the Carolina, Scout boat with 6 Men and a Master, & use
her for a boat of carriage and Intelligence, and have Saved 36
currency month.
The St. Andrews boat is mann'd with Soldiers who attend the
Service of that garison, and are contented with provisions only,
without any pay but the Kings. It is absolutly necessary that
every considerable Settlement Should have a boat or two, or else
they would Suffer greatly for want of comunication & necessaries;
and it is cheaper to keep a boat constantly than to hire in case
of necessity at extravagant prices, end perhapps not be able to
hire in the greatest necessity.
Besides these. We have 2 boats. The 1 is the ordinary Pilot
boat, wch. is a yawl I bought at Deal, and which the Pilot at St.
Simons is at the charge of manning, he having the benefit of the
Pilotage.
The Other is the Cutter that I brought over, which I have used
-i^on all occasions. Sometimes as an extroardinary Pylot boat. Some
times carrying Messages and Expresses from one end of the Province
to the other and which I my Self also use when I travel by water.
They have 7 bread & 7 i meat week. She was manji*d by 7 able
watermen, & now by 6 and a Coxon; She has hxas brought in Several
37w (52)
Ships, & Saved one Sloop when it was aground, end just ready to
he wreck* d off the Bar.
OJhere is also one Periagua maim'd with 2 Men and a Master, for
(54) carrying provisions &c for the Service of the Colony: Aad
a Sloop for the Same purpose. And besides these, we were hereto
fore, obliged to hire Several Periagoas, which ran up to a vast
ejspence, but I hope to lessen that by the Service of the Colony
Periagua, as I have mentioned,
I Shall Send as Soon as I return from the Nations, an Acct. of
what I brou^t for the Irastees: But as I bought Parcells
together, and that part only was issued for the Trust, part for
my own use, & part for my Company, I could not make out what is
chaxgiable to the Trust, but by the Books of Issues.
I am
Sir
Yr. very humble Servant
James Oglethorp
To Mr. Harman Verelts
Prom Frederica 5 July 1739
37x (53)
Broii^t Over. 1270 8 7^
a. Paid on Acct. of Periagoa hire
1738
UovlDr.
Dec.
Janjr.
iDefore my arrival.
27 Paid Demetry on his Periagua Acct. hy his note ....
Paid Samuel ^acy in full for his Periagua hire from 24
30 Paid Demetry, On Acct. of his Periagua,. hy his note ....
29 Paid Do. On do. hy do.
19 Paid Jo. Hunt on Acct. of Periagua hire, for the kings troops
Pehy. 16
21
March 10
June 16
18
23
Paid Demetry
Septhr. 1738
on his
to
Periagua
23d. Jany.
Acct.
I738-9
hy his
.
notes.
Paid Andrew Barher Patroon of Demetry*s Periagua on acct. of
the Said ^eriagua.
Paid James Searles in full for his Periagua hire from 7
Hovhr. to 23 Dec. the whole time that I employd the
Paid
Periagua
Eutlidge &
.
Smith for 2 months Service in the Trustees
Periagua from 25 fehy. to 25 April 1739 at 1.2.6 each . . .
Paid Archibald Hamilton Patroon of do. Periagua for 2 months
Service from do. to do. time at 1.10.0 month .
Paid Will. Smith for 7 days hire of his Periagua to carry
corn from Prederica to JekylIsland.
Paid Lawrence Wurwick for 1. month Patroon of Trustees
Periagua from April to May 1739.
Paid Eutlidge & Barher for 1. months Service in do. from do.
1 15 11
15 11
20 - -
8 - -
38 - -
4 2 8
5 - -
15 6 8
4 10 -
3 - -
3 10 -
1 10 -
time
107.16.2
2 5
377 (53)
"b. Boats
1738-9
Jany. 19 Paid ttie Amelia Scout boat, a Patroon & 8 Men, from 8 Dec.
last to 8tb. Jau. 1738-9 .11. 5.0
The Passage boat, a Coxon from f 8 Jany. to 8 June
1739 being 5 months, at 14 ii ctirry. or I.I5.0
Sterl. 2, .8.15.0
Six Men from do. to do. at 9 I currency
or 1.2.6 2 onth Sterl.33*15.0
- 42.10.0
Paid for a Mast, Cordage, & making a Sail to
Paid for
the
mendg.
Frederica
a CoE^iass
Canoa .
& dark lanthorn &c.
Repairs, and Awning to the Cutter..
Paid Helo and Barber for rowing 1 month each in
the Frederica Canoa .
61.15.8
The Cutter - A Coxon from 14 Sept. 1738 to 8 April
1739 at 1.10.0 2month.
7 Men from do. to 24 April 1739 at 1.2.6 2 month . .
6 Men from 24 i^ril to l4 June 1739 at do.
6.6
10.7|
4.18.61
2. 5.0
10. 4.0
57.15.0
11. 5.0
61 15 8
79 4 0
Two months pay of the Cutter during the time the
Genl. was on his voyage to & from Charles Town,
wch. he has order'd to be deducted and placed
to his ownAcct. 18.15.O
Paid for Provisions for the boats when the Genl. was at
Charlestown, and a good Stock at otir coming away,
which he has orderd to be charged to his own Acct. I6. 0.7
(line at bottom of page cut off)
38a (138)
State of the Colony of Georgia
Transmitted hy Genl, Oglethorpe with his Letters dated 5th, & l4th,
Octor, 1739 receivd. 13 March. 1739
Account of Presents made to the Indians, And of other Eacpences attending
Col, Oglethorpes journey to them. Sent 20 Oct, 1739 slid received 7
March 1739/^0
Tho, Goodale for 5 horses from the Nation . , , , 5* 0,0
Do, his Acct, as hill.hi. 3,h
Alexander Macqueens hill , ..22.10,0
Do, for 12 horses.12, 0,0
To the Creeks Mr, Laghlan Machanes hill.234.12.7 . 18,11,0
Tho, Siggins hill.91,18.3
George Mackay for 3 horses from the Nation . , . 3 0.0
Ja, Cussins for 3 horses to the Nation.3, 0,0
Tho. Wiggins Interpreter to the Creek Nation . . 37,12,7
Eoht, Dunning Interpretr, to the Cherokees . , . 12.10,0
Mackensie & Eoach as hill.18, 1.1-1^
Sami. Browns hill...48,
To the Jo, Brownfeilds hill. 280.18.2^ , . ,136, 2,2^
Cherokees
Sami, Montaguts hill.48,18,8
Mr, lyre Agent in the Cherokee Nation I5, 0.0
Geo. Cuthhert for 2 horses to the Nation .... 2. 0,0
3Bb (139)
Pd. Cs>t. Cuthbert to be by Mm pd. to 4 Men
who assisted the Cattle hunters on foot in
biasing a road from Augusta to the Uchee Town . . 5* 0.0
ExtroardinspTies Pd. making 6 Indian flags.3.10.0
Pd. Mr. Gray to bear his charges in bringing
down a Party of CMckesaws.5* 0.0
Loans, that
have no rela
tion to the In
dian journey
Lent Mr. Ei. Kent to be Stop*d out of any
money Ms Eelations Shall Send Mm out of
England.20. 0.0
Lent Hen. Overstreet having a numerous family)
of cMldren, and recomended by the People of )
Augusts: being a. loan to buy Six Cows, )32.0.0
whidi 8jre to be as Security till the money )
is paid.)12. 0.0
Due to Lieut. Willie of the Garison in the
Indian Hation, of which Col. Oglethorpe
paid 110 L by draft on the Trustees.< 149. 8.8
(
Due to Capt. Macpherson for Ms ) (
own & 19 Dangers Service under Ms ) (
Comand to the 29 Septbr. 1738 . . -)-400.5.9i'( I89.13l4
Due to Do., from thence to ) (
16 Nov. 1738.)....( 61. 4.0
961. 6.7
NB. Cspt. Macpherson demands 240.2.6 more,
which the Comissioners for Stating the
Publick Accts. in Georgia wotild not allow
or certifie to be due. Of the former Sum
certified to be due Col. Oglethorpe paid
Mm 61.4.0
38
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Besides these Cspt, Willy has s conpeny in the Indien Nation; And a garison of 10 Men and a Lieut, at Augusta,
38 (135)
what they called the harren Spot, which I5OO men did not da.re to Do,
thoiagh the Coimtry was only Defended hy the Georgia Colony of Planters.
They now give out that it is abandoned, yet to their Cost they may find
that this abandoned Province will force them to take Shelter within the
The H-umble Ietition of Thomas Bauston of the Town of Savannah
in the said Colony of Georgia.
Sheweth
That your Petitioner with divers others arrived in the said
Colony on the first day of February 1732. And on such Arrival was com
manded by James Oglethorpe Esqr. to take the Charge of and deliver out
(as occasion required) all your Honours Stores; in which Truet and
Service he at all times behaved himself with an Implicit Obedience to
the Commands of the said James Oglethorpe, and with such diligence 8,s
shewed his earnest desire to be thought/ worthy of the Timst reposed
in him.
That your Petitioner endeavouring to shew his just acting therein
set down in Writing the several parcells quantitys and qualities of
Stores, in Books or other Memorials, which he from time to time received
and delivered in the most exact manner, as the great fatigue of Business
39 (171)
then Incumbent on your Petitioner to perform could with reason admit,
having (for the most part) no body to assist him, and at the best,
those who either could not write or were so negligent, that no dependance could be had on their Actions. And as the Books, Papers and
Memorials which e3!press the deliverys and receipts of the said Stores
are now remaining in yoiir Honours Magazine at Savannah or in the
Possession of those persons lately Commissioned by yotnr Honours to
receive them, yoTir Petitioner for more Certainty refers himself
thereto.
That the said James Oglethorpe judged it necessary to Settle a
Town by the name of Savannah, and divers other Towns & Tillages (Vizt)
Tybee, Skidowa, Thunderbolt, Fort Argyll, Han5)stead, Highgate, Abercom,
Ibenezer Josephs Town, Westbrooke and Grantham; which said
(172) several Settlements were (many of them) twenty or thirty Miles
distant from the said Town of Savannah.
That the said James Oglethorpe in the Month of March 1733.
departed the said Colony, and after some stay in South Carolina did
also in the Month of May 173^ embark for England; And before his depart\ire from Georgia, As well in divers expressions orders and Charges,
as also by Letters and orders in Writing diiring his Stay at South
Carolina, commit to yoTxr Petitioner the sole power of acting and persxiing (in his Absence) all necessary means and measures, as well for
supporting the said Settlements under any difficulties which might
happen, as also for preserving to them and others who might joyn the
Colony their Peace Safety and lawfull properties.
That yoTU* Petitioner being also one of the Bailiffs of the said
40 (172)
Town of Savaimela, he knew that in Virtue cf such Office, it was his
^ty to join the rest of the Magistrates in the Administration of
Justice when occasion required, and that being Yr. Honours Storekeeper
he was to joyn. Issue the stipulated food and working Tools; But as
your Petitioner did not in due time (or had not the opportunity to con
sider the difficulties which commonly arise by an Employ of so high a
nature as (solely) to hold the reins of a Discretional power for the
support of so great a number of people living in places so remote and
Guarding them against such distresses as might render the difficulties
of a new Colony easy to them, so your Petitioner must naturally be
uneasy at being obliged to bear so great a weight And as yoxir peti
tioner finds himself thereby plunged into difficulties, charged with
presun^tions and threatned with ruin on account of such employ. He
hopes that he may be allowd to say, that he ought to have been (in due
time more particularly instructed, and his real Authority made publick
to the Inhabitants, whereby he might have had a Certain rule for his
Bcqxiittal, as well) with regard to your Honours orders, as to the
demands and espectations of the people.
That your Petitioner being thus unhappily loaded with (173)
Business of the greatest moment to the being of the Colony endeavoured
to acquit himself by all the honest and just means that he could
Devise hoping that his endeavo-urs to Execute a Trust thus reposed in
him would (at least) excuse any mistakes which he might thro* Inadver
tency, or want of Judgment have made in the Execution. And your Peti
tioner the better to evidence a due regard to the said Orders, and the
sence of the Trust committed to him, enployed the most proper persons he
41 (173)
could proctire for keeping a just account and putting to Writing, as
well the particulars of all Goods and Moneys received, to and for the
Account of Your Honours or the Colony, as also the particulars of the
Issues and Payments made hy Tour Petitioner, to and for the said Account,
he jonx Petitr. always "believing and hoping that an Account thus kept
and entrys made "by Indifferent persons, as they would testify the Truth
thereof so it was the properest method he could take to demonstrate (if
occasion regiiired) the justness of his Intentions and those reasons
which were the Giiide to his Actions. And being Ignorant of any in
tended errors therein is desirous and ready to assist in an Examination
thereof; humbly conceiving that if Errors (of aiy kind) has happend,
they cannot (with Justice) be in^juted as a Crime to him, because he can
fully shew that the daily attendance in providing for the Emergencies
of the Colony in all its parts, guarding against the Designs of its
publick and private Enemys, hearing the Complaints which naturally
arose among the Inhabitants, deciding their differences, writing
letters on the Affairs of the Colony, and the supporting and encouraging
those, who gave some reasonable hopes of raising food by cultivating
Land or producing such Manxifactures as seemed likely to contribute to
the Tranquilily of the Colony and its future happiness, so far (un
avoidably) employed his time that it was in^iossible for him to give such
an attendance on the Accounts so directed by him to be kept, as wholly
to prevent such errors or omissions, for more certainty whereof and to
evince that such accounts were kept he refers himself, as well to the
said Books and paper Writings, which also remain in your said Magazine
or in the possession of such persons who are lately for that purpose
42 (173)
comission'd by Your Honours to receive and Examine them. As also to
such other evidence which (if required) he can and will produce. That
(174) the Situation of the several Settlements, as well in regard to
their distance and difficulties of passage, As also that the Lands
alotted to the Settlers were for the most part incapable of suitable
productions for their support, demanding a supply far exceeding the
Calculations made by the said James Oglethorpe before his departiire,
your Petitioner was obliged to draw several Bills of Exchange and pur
chase sundry Stores on Credit to support them, as the only means in
his power to prevent a Desertion, the particulars of which with the
applications thereof, being charg'd in the said Account, Your Peti
tioner for more Certainty refers himself thereto.
That the said James Oglethorpe in the mouth of Pebry. 1735
rettirned to the said Colony and fo\ind it in all its parts in Peace and
Safety, and the number of its Inhabitants greatly increased, and did
then declare to your Petitioner that he was well satisfied in your
Petitioners good Conduct, and particularly with the great diligence he
had used in supporting & keeping the Settlers together in his absence,
and was also well and so fully convinced of the necessity for such
Extraordinary expeuce, and of the difficulties whicdi the Inhabitants
laboTired under, th?>t he order'd yoTir Petitioner to continue the support
whicdi he had yeilded to in such absence, altho' the time limited and
quantity of Species stipulated for such support, had been (long since)
expired and conpleated; and also, caused several of the Inhabitants and
particularly the whole Town of Ebenezer to be removed to a more fertile
Soil,
43 (174)
^hat the said James Oglethorpe some small time "before and soon
after his said Arrival made other Settlements (Vizt) the Town of
Frederica on the Island St. Simons, The Darien on the Eiver Alatamaha,
on Jekyll Island, on OiMiberland Island, on Amelia Island, and Fort St,
George; And gave it also in Charge to your Petitioner to use his utmost
endeavours in providing and sending sufficient Stores to the said Town
of Frederica whereby the said Town and all the Settlements Scout Boats,
and Vessells attending their Service & Security might he from time to
time supplied with necessarys; And altho* (175) such additional orders
were a farther htirthen on your Petitioner, he the said James Oglethosrpe
hath many times acknowledged yoTir petitioners diligence therein.
That the said James Oglethorpe having resolved to return to
England and yo-ur Petitioner ei^ierimentally knowing the great fatigue
which attended the Station he acted in, the certainty that few or none
of the first Settlers in the Colony were able to maintain themselves,
that discontents (on that account) daily arose and would very probably
increase and that altho your petitioner had executed the Discretional
power for their support to the Satisfaction of the said James Oglethosrpe, he had many reasons to believe he had not gratified the expecta
tions of the people and was convinced it was inpossible for Mtn (under
such orders) to have better Success, and also well knowing that the
generality of the people on the northern side of the Colony had laid
before the said James Oglethosrpe soon after his arrival (piirsuant to his
own orders) their several grievances and wants and were promised dis
tinct answers, which had not been, and did not appear likely to be given
them, and yoTir Petitioner believing, that as every one naturally thinks
44 (175)
hifflself the best judge of his own necessitys, and that without some
publick hearing of what might probably be accus'd on your Petitioner
or some publick declaration hoxf far your Petitioner had duly executed
your Honours orders; so many Imaginations might ensue of Dangerous con
sequence to him, he your said Petitioner therefore in the strongest
terms he could devise apply'd to the said James Oglethorpe to be dis
charg'd from all publick en^loyments.
That the said James Oglethorpe refused to gratify your Peti
tioner in such request, and answered that such was the Satisfaction of
the people with regard to your Petitioners conduct that was he to
appoint an Election (by them) for the several employs which your Peti
tioner executed, he was well assured they would chuse your Petitioner,
and added that altho he believ'd your Petitioner (from the difficulties
of his employ) would receive great Satisfaction of mind by being dis
charg'd therefrom, such discharge would not then be to your Petitioners
Interest; and (176) promised that his Services would not be forgot, and
should be represented to your Honours in a meritorious manner, or
words to such effect.
That your Petitioner farther urged that his private account with
your Honours store, might receive such Credit as he thou^t proper and
then shewed him the said James Oglelihorpe an Account whereby your Peti
tioner stood charged for many Articles containing expences of House
keeping, maintenance of your Petitioners Family and Servants and other
incident charges which unavoidably attended the execution of his said
several eB5)loyments, and the daily entertainments of Indians & Strangers
being a necessary Hospitality for cultivating and preserving Friendships
in the infant State of the Colony.
45 (176)
Elat tile said ^ames Oglethorpe on sight of the said Account
declared the whole to he far short, of what mi^t he reasonably espected, in such cases and assured your Petitionerj^ that he need not he
uneasy on that account, because he would take care, that those things
should he settled in England to your Petitioners satisfaction or words
to the like effect.
Shat the said James Oglethorpe some small time before Ms depar
ture from the said Colony wMch was on the 22d. of Hovemher 173^
Ordered a Town to he settled by the name of Augusta two hundred miles
westward of the said Town of Savannah, and also ordered a Port to he
there built and appointed Mr. Roger Lacey Captain thereof; and for the
due Execution of such orders and estahlisMng a Garrison there, did also
Sign and deliver to the said Roger Lacey, written orders for the said
Roger Lacey to Guide Mmself by, wherein (amongst other tMngs) your
Petitioner was required to assist him the said Roger Lacey with sundrys
therein mentioned, and with such farther necessarys, as he your said
Petitioner (for future causes) should think fit. And also did Stipulate
with Rich, Cooper and James Smythers Milwrights for certain Wages to he
allowed to them, and a sufficient number of Workmen to erect a Saw Mill
at or near the said Town of Ehenezer, and ordered your Petitioner to
supply them with Boats, money, provisions and necessary (177) Utensils
for effecting the said Work; and also did Stipulate with Joseph Barker
to keep a Cow-pen at the same place, and ordered your Petitioner to
supply the said Josh. Barker with Wages and Provisions as well for him
self and Family as for such Labourers, and with such Materials and
Horses as he should necessarily require for such Service. And also did
46 (177)
Stipulate with. Mr. Robert Williams of Savannah to take care of, Oversee
and direct theanployment of sundry Labourers for begining a Road from
the said lown of Savannah tov/ards the West, which (in due time) mi^t
extend to, and be a safe passage to the said Town of Augusta, the
Indian Rations and Settlements on that quarter; and for that purpose
ordered your Petitioner to pay such Labourers and provide them with
Provisions and Materials.
That your Petitioner did by the directions of the said James
Oglethorpe write down an Estimate of the pay which was to be allowed to
the Captain and his Men, who were to keep Gairison at Augusta, also
the pay to be allowed the said Milwrights, Cowkeeper & Laboiarers; but as
a very great expence would naturally arise by the purchase of Bor ts,
Arms, Ammunition, Working Tools, Provisions and necessary materials as
well in Settling the said Town of Augusta on the footing of the said
written Orders as also for the supply of the said Saw Mill, Cowpen and
Roads and conveyiiag the same to each respective place; any Guess would
be very imperfect; so nothing for those uses was committed as perfect
in Writing, but was therefore left to your Petitioners Discretion; and
he did not then doubt, that the said James Oglethorpe would sufficiently
acquaint your Honours, that a very considerable expence must unavoidably
happen on those accounts beyond what was as aforesaid put into Writing.
That your Petitioner (well knowing) that the said James Ogle
thorpe had drawn divers Bills of Exchange on yoTir Honours and particu
larly a Bill for Five Hundred Potmds Sterling which was protested. And
also well knowing that your (178) Honours Stores were near enpty of
Provisions, and that divers Sums of Money were due and unpaid to sundry
47 (178)
persons for stindry Stores, and necessaries bonght, and Services before
that time done, and also believing that it was not in the power of the
said James Oglethorpe to leave any money or Value towards a reasonable
discharge of what was so due, and would very shortly be Demanded, and
consequently could not eiiable your Petitioner to defray the e3cpences of
the Colony, either supporting the several Settlements or executing his
said Orders, he your said Petitioner therefore thought himself obliged
in Duty to acquaint the said James Oglethorpe of ell such facts in as
plain a manner es he could (that is to say) of the small quantities of
yvumi-virnrvif Provissions then remaining in the Store, of the State of the
Cash and of the most material demands, that then were ejcpected to be
discharged, and e3cpresly desired that the said James Oglethoi^e woiild
acquaint the people at Savannah, that it could not be in your Petitioners
power (by reason of present demands and the vincertainty of future sup
port from England) to continue such assistance to them, as they (very
probably) by reason of their difficulties mi^t expect, to which the
said James Oglethorpe answered, that he could not say any thing, that
was angry or seemed unkind, when he was going to leave them, or words
to such meaning.
!Ehat the said Jfames Oglethorpe did order the people to meet him
in the Town House of Savannah, when and where he informed them, that it
was necessary for the V^elfare of the Colony that he should go to England,
that he would return to then in the month of June or July following, and
that in his absence, he had directed an assistance, which would be a
Loan to those who were Industrious in the Cultivation of Lands; but as
the said James Oglethorpe did not express what particular action should
48 (178)
intitle ea^h person to claim, or to what Valne, or in- what manner such
assistance was to he so claimed or granted, the execution thereof must
in a great measxire either he guided hy yoxir Petitioners discretion,
which would naturally raise an Odium upon him for assigning a merit to
(179) sx each persons Industry, or hy the Claimants themselves who could
not he all supposed to act on proper Principles, and therefore your
Petitioner most humhly submits if (under such orders) he could he
exempt from Reflections or an In^jutation of misconduct.
That your Petitioner also several times \irged to the said James
Oglethorpe that the difficulties which seemed thus to threaten in his
absence (from the State of the Colony and such orders) were In^jossihle
for your Petitioner to surmount; to which he the said James Oglethorpe
in substance answered, that as to the present demands and the imediate
expence, altho* it was not in his power to leave much Cash with your
Petitioner, the Sum of three Thousand Pounds would soon arrive in Sola
Bills which was intended to defray the expence of the Colony till the
25th of March following, which with proper Cautions might keep every
thing in due Action, till he could procxire a farther supply to he
Transmitted; and because he the said James Oglethorpe could not he
present to Sign those Bills, so as to render them Current He did obtain
a Credit from Messrs. Montaigut and Conpany at Savannah and did Request
other Credit of Messrs. Jenys and Conpany at Charles Town to pay Your
Petitioner Value on Account of them, and that as to any other difficul
ties tho* they might seem great or dangerous, he the said James Ogle
thorpe promised your Petitioner that he should he made easy, hy the
representations of him the same James Oglethorpe at your Honours Board
49 (179)
in England, and "by his Speedy retxim to Sgvsnnah, from all which
Declarations and eacjaressions of the said James Oglethorpe, and many
others, which your Petitioner cannot at present remember He did heleive
that the said James Oglethorpe might have particular Eeasons for not
mnlH ng a more plain Declaration to the People of that Power, whereby
your Petitioner was to gixide himself, or the difficulties which the
Colony was then in and was to struggle \inder in his absence; and did
also beleive and understand that as he the said James Oglethorpe had
often declared he had good hopes of receiving Military Succours from
his Majesty and the British Parliament for effecting the (180) Estab
lishment of the Colony, It was therefore the Intention and desire of
him, that the Inhabitants should (by all possible means) be kept to
gether, till such Succour should arrive.
That your Petitioner in regard to such belief and the obedience
he always was desirous of shewing to the Commands and Intentions of the
seJLd James Oglethorpe and the Sence he had of the then sad Circumstances
of the Colony did resolve to act accordingly to those Commands and In
tentions, And did not doubt that his endeavours to execute so necessary
an Obedience, and thereby preserve the Colony (till then) in safety
would be well accepted.
That the said James Oglethorpe at the time of his said departure
from the Colony did write sundry Letters directed to the respective
coiomanding Officers in the Southern division and elsewhere within the
Colony; wherein he acquainted each of them, that the said James Ogle
thorpe had left your Petitr. in the charge of the whole Colony, and as
such directed each of them to apply to your Petitioner for what each
50 (180)
person might require for its use and safety; which Letters having been
shewn to your Petitioner demands were accordingly made, and they were
severally supplyd, so far as your Petitioners power and utmost Diligence
cotild admit, the amount of which more than doubled your Honours estima
ted charges; and your Petitioner being apprehensive that as no Limita
tions was proper to be set to the demands of such Officers, he humbly
submits how far it was in his power to Lessen any such Charge.
That very few persons throughout the whole Colony co'uld be
properly said to support themselves, because if support or enploy was
not provided for the generality to subsist by, the rems-inder must want
or desert. And as such a State of affairs in the Colony was well known
Your Petitioners duty to the said James Oglethorpe forbids him to
Imagine, that he did not (l8l) represent them in such a light before
you; but your Petitioner is lead to beleive by many of your orders, that
your Honours were acquainted that very few of the Inhabitants had
atten^ted to Cultivate their Lands or raise food for their support, and
that many had met with ill success in the attenpt.
That your Petitioner being well assured of the benefit which the
whole Colony wotild receive, if the Inhabitants could be lead to Culti
vate their Lands and raise food, and if the Satisfaction which wotild
arise to your Honours from the success of such undertakings, and that
all means used to that end (by divers mistakes idle tales and other
Casualtys had prov*d ineffect\ial, did obtain a Grant from the said Jas.
Oglethorpe to take possession of a Tract of Land convenient for rasing
a Farm and maintaining a Stock of Cattle being willing to contribute
the fruits of all his Labours, and to set a personal exanqjle towards
51 (181)
obtaining sncli general good; for the more immediate effecting of which
your Petitioner ohtsined also leave of the said James Oglethorpe to
draw Bills of exchange on him for Two Hundred Pounds Sterling on Credit;
and as your Honours suhseq.uent orders confirm the said Grant of Land
and also shew that your Honours (having read the Letters of Advice which
express the use to v/hich the Value of such Bills were applyd) had
ordered payment; he your said Petitioner is lead to believe that the
said Value was intended to be a. Loan to him on the security of setling
such Farm, especially well knowing that many People had received equal
Loans to enable them to proceed in their respective MentifactTares, He
hoped that not only the said Two Hundred Pounds but also any other
charge which should appear to be reasonably expended therein exceeding
what shovild be due to him for his Services, would not be otherwise
charged on him, in regard that such undertakings were absolutely neces
sary for the hxgxxhKgk being of the Colony and was attended with far
greater difficulties and (182) immediate Gain to himself.
That your Petitioner in prosecuting such Design hath brought into
Tillage near one hundred acres of Land, hath built a dwelling House and
many out houses proper for Lodging Servts. covering his Cattle and
containing the produce of his Lend, is also possest of divers Cows,
calves, steers, horses and hogs besides fowls; so that your Petitioner
is well asstured if Diligence and desire to promote the Welfare of the
Colony is Meritorious; or he should be fotuid indebted; such Debt will
not be demanded of him, further than what may be reasonably spared from
the increase thereof.
That altho your Petitioner mi^t be well justified for the
52 (182)
reasons aforesaid to be tineasy tinder the burthen he had long struggled
with, he was much more affected by the advices he received from Commo
dore Dent at Jamaica soon after the Departure of the said James Ogle
thorpe, that the Spaniards had formed a design and might be daily
expected to invade the Colony; and concludes that it is easy to Imagine,
that all the sad state of affairs in the Colony before mentioned must
naturally appear with a Calamitous aspect; the Stores being near empty
of all necessary support and means of Defence, and no hopes of any
immediate supply. And as it therefore was impossible for any of the
Inhabitsuts to maintain their possessions, your Petitioner imagined
(tha-t a Eepresentation of such facts being laid before your Honours)
everything done by him at such a juncture and to guard against so great
a Calamity would be approved.
ThSit your Petitioner did not then presume to purchase such a
supply as might both answer the present occasion, and g\iard against
the like in futurity because he did believe that when those advices had
reached your hands some particular Instructions might be expected; and
your Honours having been pleased to approve of your Petitioners conduct,
and on that and many other occasions exprest your Satisfaction, that
your Petitionr. (I83) had not only managed the publick Stores with
prudence but also shewn a commendable regard for the Publick Safety.
And the said James Oglethorpe having also commanded your Petititr. on
the like accounts. And tha.t he the said James Oglethorpe might be soon
expected in the Colony with Military Succours your petitioner did not
doubt further commendations for taking farther Care (should other
occasion require) till such arrival happend.
53 (183)
That other certain advices of other Invasions succeeded and
altho' the execution vas said to he svispended for the present it was
evident that a very considerable reinforcement was arriv'd on the
Spanish frontiers; and the Colony might (without ar^r warning) he
attacked; your Petitioner therefore was obliged to he at a farther
extraordinary espence, as well to supply your Magazine whereby (in case
of such attack) the Inhabitants mi^t not want necessaries of Life, or
Ajnmunition when it was very probable they must soon be obliged to leave
their usual Labour, and spend their time in Military exercises; As also
to guard against a scarcity which (very lately) had like to have been
fatal and would be also such to the expected forces and your Petitioner
most hrunbly imagines that as the Inhabitants had also long laboured
under various difficulties and the industrious cultigaters of Land (in
particular) had from various causes fell short of their expectations,
and could not subsist without redress, so it became necessary (at such
a Crisis) to preserve its united Strength. And therefore your Petitioner
imagines that he must have doubted your Honours Goodness, and tender
regard towards the Colony, should he have been wanting in his endeavours
for its support*
That part of the said Military Forces being, (184) arrived under
the Command of Lieutt. Colo. James Cochran and he having delivered your
Petitioner an open order from the said James Oglethorpe as Genl. &
Commander in Chief directing your Petitioner to assist in conveying the
Officers & Soldiers to their respective Posts and in Landing & storeing
the effects belonging to them. And also an express Injunction not only
to accommodate the Officers in the best manner he could but particularly
5^ (184)
to psy the seme regard to the Commands & Desires of the said James
Cochran as if he the said James Oglethorpe was personally present. He
your said Petitioner did according to the earnest request of the said
James Cochran assist & accommodate him & them to a very great Value, and
charged the particulars thereof to their respective accounts; and as
such assistance & actings of your Petitioner was in obedience to the
orders of the said James Oglethorpe he humbly apprehends that such
orders & reasons (when produced) will Guard him against any blame that
may be inq)Uted to him on that account.
That your Petitioner having in all cases executed the Trust
reposed in him with his endeavours for frugality & regard to the Publick
Safety and received repeated approbations as well by your Honours orders
as by Letters from the said James Oglethorpe wherein the strongest
assurances were given tha t your Honours would never blame your Peti
tioner without first giving him opportunity to Justify himself; and not
being conscious of any Just cause is surpris'd to find himself discharg'd
from all Offices, given up to the arbitrary opinion of those who suc
ceed him in his eiiq)loy, and therefore have it in their power to raise
merits to themselves by Malicious representations of your Petitioners
conduct, and proceeded against (by them) without cause assigned in a
manner contrary to all Laws, Customs and Usages of the Mother Country,
and contrary to your orders under your Seal dated the 19th day of May
1738. (185)
Your Petioner therefore for these and other causes hereafter
mentioned most hTUBbly complaining alledgeth. That Mr. Thos. Jones whom
your Honours appointed to succeed him as Keeper of your Stores at
55 (185)
Savannah, well knew that your Petitioner had heen examined hy the said
James Oglethorpe; That the said James Oglethorpe had likewise published
in the Town House to a very great number of People, that he knew of no
Frauds or other Criminal matter which yorir Petitioner had committed,
and desired th8,t if such were known by other persons they should declare
it. And that the said Thomas Jones also well knew that no such natter
did then or at any time after appear by any sufficient proof whatever;
but that contrarywise that he the said James Oglethorpe had often
declared, that altho* the late expences for the support of the Colony
had much siirprised your Honours, such surprise was only owing to the
want of Accounts which ought to Imve been Transmitted to your Honours,
and that yotir Petitioner otight to have been assisted therein; and that
he plainly saw, that untill the Military succour with himself arrived
such expence was unavoidable; and also well knew that the said James
Oglethorpe upon a second examination in the presence of the Magistrates
of the said Town of Savannah did direct & order, that in pursuance of
some request which (he said) your Honours had made to him your Peti
tioner shovild enter into a Bond without farther Security to make up
his accounts, with all possible speed, so that he the said James Ogle
thorpe might Transmitt particular reasons for those late expences which
your Honours then seemd so much surprised at, suid tha.t (rendring an
Inventory of all the Accounts Books and delivering the Stores over to
the said Thomas Jones, he your said Petitioner should have the usual
Liberty, possession & access to all of the said Books and Vouchers
thereto belonging without any hindrance or other In^ediment; he your
said Petitioner likewise suffering the said Thomas Jones to have also
56 (185)
access thereto, as occasion might (186) require. And also well knew
thet in iat pursuance of such Orders he the said Thomas Jones did take
an Inventory of all the sa.id Books in such manner as he thought proper
And that your Petitioner did deliver or cause to he delivered over to
him the said Thomas Jones all the Stores which belonged to the Trust
before that time reposed in your petitioner, as soon and at such time
as he the said Thomas Jones thought fit to require such delivery or v/as
willing to receive them; And that in farther pursiiance of the said
Order your Petitioner at the request of the said Thomas Jones made a
draught of a Bond and acquainted him that he your Peti tioner was will
ing to execute such Bond; which Bond the said Thomas Jones received and
promised to peruse it and give answer concerning it in a short time.
And that your Petiitioner did soon ask the said Thomas Jones if the said
Bond was approved or ready for your Petitioner to execute offering again
that he was ready so to do, to which the said Thomas Jones answered,
that the Bond was well approved, and that the said James Oglethorpe had
declared it need not have been so extensive in the expressions or words
to such purport, and further declared that altho' he had not then
Leisure to attend it by reason of his attendance on the said James
Oglethorpe he should have more leisure when the said James Oglethorpe
was gone to the Southward and then iVmight be done; and promised to give
your Petitioner notice of such time.
Wherefore yoiir said Petitioner chargeth that he the said Thomas
Jones did soon after the said Jas. Oglethorpe was gone to the Southern
parts of the Colony, give out in speeches that your Petitioner had
imposed upon the Inhabitants by issuing the Stores at unreasonable
57 (186)
prices and had took such advance to his own Benefit, that yotir Peti
tioner was a very great Villain and deserved to he hanged; and the
better to si^port such Wicked false & malicious Speeches and render
(187) them more fatal to your Petitioner he the said Thomas Jones
nurtur*d & Countenanced any discontented person in any reproachfull
Tale which they or any of them would relate concerning such advsoice
promising they sho-uld he protected and have satisfaction against your
Petitioner when at the same time, he the said Thomas Jones knex^, that
I
every such advance was not only placed against such Credit as was just
for your Honovirs to discharge, and therefore to the only use & benefit
of the Colony, hut that also all such Stores as were issued and charged
to your Petitioner were also rated at the like advance and that such
advance was intended to guard against Losses by the great Waiste that
naturally attended so large a Store in this Climate under such well
known insufficient Storehouses and also against the common Waste in the
Issues and the Porterage, Clerkship and Charges thereof.
And your Petitioner further chargeth, that he the said Thomas
Jones wickedly & maliciously designing to destroy the good name &
Character of your said Petitioner as well in this Colony as in other
places where he was or should he known did invent & Report that your
Petitioner \^as incspahle of rendring any just account of his said
Trust, that he the said Jones had prepared Indictments against your
Petitioner which \^ould lay him fast, that he plainly saw that your
Petitioner had hut few Friends, and naraing some persons whom he imagined
were so, declared in the presence of sundry Witnesses, that they (mean
ing your Petitioners Friends) should soon he weary of taking part with
58 (187)
your Petitioner, and did also aci artftilly and wickedly prevail with Mr,
Thomas Christie the Recorder of the said Town of Savannah, And fanc:ttnE
(hy the hest Information yoor Petitioner can get) did make some ^ath,
whereupon he the said Thomas Christie issued a Warrant against yoior
(188) Petitioner charging him with a Design to abscond and secretly to
depart the Colony, and your Petitioner was thereby accordingly arrested.
And altho* the said Thomas Jones did not or could not make good such
charge, and only insisted that he suspected it it now appears That he
the said Thomas Jones by fair promises and artfull/ expressions did so
far prejxidice the said Thomas Christie that your Petitioner was ^
Obliged to find Stireties and be bound in a very large Penalty, not to
depart the Colony without your Honours Licence, or otherwise to go to
Goal, so that thereby yotir Petitioner alledgeth he is made a Prisoner
without cause assigned contrary to all Laws and usage hitherto known to
him or practiced in a Christian Country,
And your Petitioner further chargeth that the said Thomas Jones
in farther execution of his said wicked purposes did immediately i^on
such arrest, and before the said Thomas Christie had heard or Examined
the ma.tter charged upon yotir Petitioner in and by the said Warrant, in
a very Violent manner Seized upon all the Books, papers, vouchers,
letters & Accounts and in the presence of many Witnesses did reproach
yo\3r Petitioner with divers scurrilous names & speeches, and did by
Violence compel the Clerks then enployed (in purstiance of yoor Hono\3rs
orders) in making up the said Accounts to quit the said Books and their
enploy and immediately placed a Servant of his own to take charge of
all the said Books papers and accounts with express orders not to suffer
59 (188)
your Petitioner, or any of the said Clerks or persons so ea^iloyed to
enter the Room where such Books and papers were, without leave from him
the said Thomas Jones which person so eiEployed hy the said Thomas Jones
did lock up and secure the said Books and papers, so that your Peti
tioner and the said Clerks were very much prevented from dispatching
the said Accounts, and could not have access to them at any other times
th^n when the said Servant, who was commonly called your (I89) Peti
tioners Coaler could attend.
And your Petitioner farther chargeth that he the said Thomas
Jones in farther prosecution of his said wicked purposes and the better
(if possible) to perplex your Petitioners affairs & accounts Did very
frequently enter the Boom where the said Books were by himself, and con
tinue there for many hours at each time and your Petitioner having
missed many Bills of parcels, letters. Draughts and other Vouchers
relating to the account, which your Petitioner knows and can prove to
have been in the said Room, at the time of such Seizure; doth because of
such acting of the said Thomas Jones and many other Reasons which your
Petitioner takes upon him in due time to shew verily believe that the
same have been taken from thence by him the said Thomas Jones or his
Order And also that he the said Thomas Jones did immediately after
Seizing the said Books & Papers so threaten the said Clerks and every
person whom he imagined to be any ways conversant with your Petitioner,
that your Petitioner was frequently informed by people of good Reputa
tion, that they were under great danger of being ruined for holding any
conversation with, or speaking in fa,vour of your Petitioner, and parti
cularly hath denied common necessaries out of the publick Stores or
60 (189)
money to the said Clerks altho he well knew, that they who required
such necessaries had considerable Sums of Money due to them for such
Service; And that they were en^iloyed pursuant to your orders; and also
denied Payment or to deliver Stores as such and threatened to ruin
sundry Persons "being Workmen & Tradesmen who had Value due to them,
altho* he well knew, tha,t the Work done and goods for which such Value
was due were done and "bought to and for the use and account of your
Honours and the Colony and to and for no other use intent or purpose
whatsoever many of whom, he openly charged with "being well (I90)
Wishers to, and speaking in Pavour of your Petitioner.
And your Petitioner f-urther Chargether, That he the said Thomas
Jones wrote a Letter to the said James Oglethorpe at St. Simons and
t:W*TngB|r there"by inform'd him, that your Petitioner was preparing to
abscond and Conctracted with Captn. Stewart Master of the Ship Charles,
for that purpose. In consequence of which Information He the said James
Oglethorpe wrote to your Petitioner and acquainted him, that he the said
James Oglethorpe had received such Information from the said Thoma.s
Jones And that altho' he did not or could not give Credit to it, Yet by
Eeason thereof he was Obliged to give such Orders as would prevent the
Atten5)t end accordingly Ordered a Constable with a Sufficient number of
Assistents to go on Board the said Ship (which then lay at l^bee) and
continue there on Board till the said Ship should Sail over the Bar,
And tha.t such Officer and Assistants did so continue on Board for some
Weeks for no other Reason or cause whatsoever from which Violent and
extraordinary Measures many were unwarily lead to believe that the said
Information of the said Thomas Jones wa*s just and true; And tha-t your
6l (190)
Petitioner was conseq.ujently Guilty of some Extraordinary Crime; altho
the said / Thomas Jones well knew that there was no just Cause or
reason for it, In proof whereof the said James Oglethorpe heing in a
short time after at Savannah, Your Petitioner demanded in the presence
of the said gkanng James Oglethorpe, That the said Thomas Jones should
give Reasons for his said Information, to which demand the said Thomas
Jones answered, that it was not proper to name the persons who had
given Vi^wi such Accoxmts, And when your Petitioner insisted that such
excuse was not sufficient when Injuries of that Nature were Committed,
He the said Thomas Jones pretended that your Petitioners Goods were
removing hy Water and mentioned a particular time when in Fact the said
Thomas Jones well knew (and so the tnith was) that your Petitioners
Servants had "brought "by Water some provisions and necessaries from Your
Petitioners Farm to Savannah for the particular use & support (191 { of
such part of your Petitioners Family as were obliged to he in the said
Town with your Petitioner,
Anri your Petitioner further Chargeth, that he the said Thomas
Jones hath given out in Speeches, That your Petitioner should very soon
he confined in a more Severe manner and should not he suffered to go
any more to his Farm; and procur'd several Actions to he served at his
said Farm upon him, at the suit of people to whom yo-ur Petitioner was no
ways indebted and thereby hrou^t a Prisoner to Savannah, and also
us'd his utmost endeavours to procure others by insinuating to every
one who he the said Thomas Jones could find to have any demand on your
Petitioner, that every thing your Petitioner had would soon he Seized
in your Honours name whereby your Petitioner was very much prest for
62 (191)
Payment, and (with great difficnlty) prevented Actions being hronght
against him, and convinced them that what the said Thomas Jones had
reported was false. And your Petitioner and his Wife (through fear)
of disobliging the said Thomas Jones was drove to tarry wholly at
Savannah, and to leave your Petitioners Farm Goods and Stock of Cattle
to the Management of Servants, by whose neglects your Petitir. has
s\xffered more than Two Hundred Pounds Damages, three of his said
Servants having (by Quarrels among themselves) deserted his Service
and cannot be again procured, more than a hundred Hogs and fifty head
of other Cattle besides Fowls being also lost or otherwise destroyed
for want of such attendance as your Petitioner did use and order to be
given.
And your Petitioner further chargeth That he the said Thoms-s
Jones hath contrived divers ways to defeat your Petitioner of his just
ri^t, and particularly did endeavour to prevent your Petitioner from
receiving the Sum of Eight Pounds seventeen shillings & six pence
Sterling being Value for Mulberry leaves sold to the Silk Manufactury
insisting that your Petitioner was greatly indebted to your Honours and
the Colony, altho^ at the same time. He the said Thomas Jones must
beleive that your Petitioner stood Justly & fairly charged with every
thing that had been Issued or paid, or (192) could by any ways sr^jposed
to be Issued or Paid to your Petitrs. use and well knew that your
Petitioner had received no Credit in his said Accompt for his Service
as Storekeeper or for the executing the Office of first Bailiff in the
said Town of ^avannah or in any shape or form whatever for the great
Burthen which had lain on your Petitioner for several years in having
63 (192)
the General Charge of the whole Colony committed to him; Or as Agent or
Pactor for yoxir Honoxirs, for which yonr Petitioner is well advised he
may reasonably and with Honour make a Charge of. And also well knew,
that yo\ir Honours had declared that those Services should he dtily con
sidered so soon as the puhlick Acconrpts were laid before you. And also
that the Generality of the Articles mentiond in the said Acconrpt to be
delivered to the use of yoxir Petitr. at his House in Savannah were for
the most part apply'd to the General use of the Colony, and to st^iport
the Credit thereof. And that yo\ir Petitioner had in charge (among other
things) that he should Entertain all Indians and Strangers which were
Friends to the Colony, and that he yoxir Petitioner did also Lodge and
Dyet several Persons that were employd in the Service of the Colony,
and that therefore he the said Thomas Jones had no power, right, or
just pretence to hinder yo\ir Petitioner from receiving any Sum or Sums
of Money whatsoever.
And your Petitioner further ChargethjS, That the said Thomas
Jones the better to event your Petitioner from receiving the Value of
the said Mulberry leaves, did unaware (whilst your Petitioner was so
compelled to stay at Savannah order sundry persons in a hasty and
Violent laanner to gather and carry away the said Mulberry leaves within
the space of two days, altho the cam said Thomas Jones well know that
your Petitioner had particularly reserved in his Bargain, That no
leaves should be gathered but in the presence of some person whom yo\ir
Petitioner should appoint. And that the upper shoots of the Trees (might
not be injured) Your Petitioner (193) sold them for one half of the
usual Value. And also well knew that if due regard according to Honesty
64 (193)
and Justice bad been shewn to the bargain made, or the true Benefit of
the Silk Manufactury considered such leaves would have been taken a
full Month in gathering. By which Violent proceedings of the said
Thomas Jones your Petitioners Plantation of Mulberry Trees containing
seven hundred and ten Trees is become so ruinous and broken that two
years growth will not in any degree repair the Damage, which having been
Viewed by persons skilled in such matters is Valued at five Shillings
Sterling for each Tree,
All which proceedings with many others equally unjust whereof
your Petitioner is ready to shew good proof hath been so contrived,
aggravated and acted by him the said Thomas Jones or his Confederates,
and are so contrary to Law and Justice, That your Petitioner is with
good Reason apprehensive from the nature thereof, and from an Anonimous
Letter directed to your Petitioner and left at his House; he the said
Thomas Jones and his Confederates purposed so to Terrify your Peti
tioner, as to induce him to fly the Colony, whereby your Honours might
have bei perswaded that your Petitioner had acted unjustly, and that no
proper accompt cotild be formed or reason given for the late expences.
And your Petitioner is so much the more apprehensive that such was the
purpose of the said Thomas Jones and other his Confederates, because it
is publickly and well known. That your Petitioner has always shewn his
utmost readiness and Diligence in setting forth such Account; and that
notwithstanding all the obstructions which He the said Thomas Jones
raised and attenpted to raise to such proceedings of your Petitioner
and the Clerks employed pursuant to yoiu* Honours Orders, He your said
Petitioner can very easilly and fairly shew clear and particular Reasons
65 (193)
for the said Eacpences, and for more Certainty thereof, refers himself to
the partictilars (194) of the Account hereto annexd now remaining in
yoxar said Magazine or in the possession of such persons whom your
Honours have Commissiond to receive them.
Your Petitioner therefore most humhly heleiveth that any delay in
the perfecting the said Accompts is a very great Injury to the Colony,
and that great and commendable Character which yovar Hono\irs have justly
Merited by so Religious and Generous undertaking; further charges that
the said Thomas Jones eissuming to himself a Precedency in the Commission
lately Transmitted under Seal of your Hono-urs Common Council, doth daily
invent such unreasonable and malicious Suggestions against yovr Peti
tioner & in every respect shew so many and unfair and ensnaring Prac
tices, as plainly tend to prolong time, prevent the claimants of their
past due, ruin the Credit of the Colony, keep your Petitioner under
Terrours end Incertaintys, and prevent your honours from knowing the
Particular reasons for yo\ir charge. And your Petitioner is therefore
truly apprehensive that should it please the Almighty God to put a
Period to his Life in sommon with hundreds in this Climate, He is in
danger after all his known fatigue and faithfull Service, to leave a
Widow, an Orphan and the fruits of all his Labour at the mercy of those
who (while living) seeks and persues his Destruction.
In tender Consideration of all the said Facts and just appre
hensions of yo\ir said Petitioner herein before set forth, and for as
much as yotir Petitioner soon softer the said Thomas Jones openly com
menc'd his Malicious proceedings Did in due form Protest for Damages
against the said Thomas Jones and all persons concern'd in the
66 (194)
prosecuting and promoting any such unlawfull proceedings And that your
Petitioner hath good Reason to heleive he the said Thomas Jones is the
Author of a Letter dated at Savannah the d^ of and puh~
xxkK lishd in the Magazine of the Month of January last, wherein
divers false expressions are usd and publishd tending to defame (195)
your Ietitioner and prevent him of that Clemency and Bounty which he
apprehends he is justly Intitied to from your Honours And also that the
distance of place and particiilar Inclinations of those whom your Honours
are obliged to confide in, for the most part prevents any true Account
from being laid before You, and exposes your Petitioner to tedious and
heavy Resentments and cruel usages of the said Thomas Jones & other his
Confederates; and also doubting your Honours approbation (if in the
Infancy of the Colony) your Petitionr. should seek the Ordinary means
for redress, against those so immediately in yoTu: Honours Service and
upon the seal of Justice. And confiding that your Honours will drQy
consider the case of the Injur'd and Afflicted end will compel a just
Retribution for inj^uries committed by them. And also for as much as the
said Thomas Jones is now in possession of the said Stores in his own
right and for his own adventage, and therefore any lessening of the just
Value of the said Stores is an advantage to himself and an inj'ury to
yoTU Petitioner, and may be a farther prejudice to him shoud the said
Thomas Jones be permitted to continue in his Arbitrary and unj-ust manner
of proceeding.
May it please yo^lr Honours therefore to grant iniaxyaaot unto your
Petitioner the power of being piresent when his or any of the Store
Accounts are in Virtue of the said Comission under examination; and that
67 (195)
the CoBimissioners appointed hy Your Honours may te obliged to take
Cognizance of what your Petitioner shall from time to time offer con
cerning the said Accounts; that other Indifferent persons who have no
Interest in the good or had Issue of your Petitioners particular
AccoH^t and also his Cash Account he appointed to Examine them, and that
your Honoxirs will take into your consideration all the several facts
herein charged and complained of, and grant such Eeleif as in
your Wisdom shall appear just. And your Petitioner shall ever pray &c.
Signd
November 22d 1739. 5^! Canston
(208) Jo. Pallowfeild to the Trustees rec. 20 March 1739/^0
Savannah 2 Dec. 1739
May it please your Honours
The great and unedpected favour which yr. Honours were pleased to
confer on me, by appointing me yr. Second ailif for the Town of Savan
nah, cannot Sufficiently acknowledge; It is with Some confusion I take
upon me a place that am not very well qualified; But as it is the Will
of your Honours it Should be So, Shall think njy Self in duty bound to
discharge that Office with the utmost justice and impartiality according
to the best of my understanding. And as I know my own deficiency Shall
use the best of my endeavours to Set aside that defect by application
and Studdy. Shall likewise think it incumbent upon me to lose no
opportunity in letting your Honours know the proceedings of this place.
Abstract of Sundry Charges for Establishing Georgia in America taken from the Accompt Books at Savannah from
67a (200-201)
Value of Certify*d Accts. supposed to "be Releif of the Sick, Widows and Orphans 429
67b (200-201)
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Lieutt. Colo. Jsines Cochran Joseph Stringer
Thomas Canston John Vanderplank
Henry Parker Watts House George Stephens Patrick Maoksy Nohle Jones ^
68 (208)
Mr. Thomas Christie has not yet been admitted to take place as
first Bailif, notwithstanding he has made up his Accon^ts as I am told
himself, but Mr. Henry Parker is continued as usxial.
Mr. Williamson on the receipt of your letter came from South
Carolina here, and applyd to Col. Will. Stephens to obtain his comis
sion, being appointed by your Honours Recorder, But was refused the Same
when I was present with him; the people here Seem to resent the affair,
and intimate as much as if it were a contrived thing between Col.
Stephens and Mr. Jones Third Bailif, to keep Mr. Henry Parker on the
Bench in order to bring their own points to bear: and add that they
think it a great indignity offer'd to your Honours as well as to justice
to themselves in not obeying your comands, Mr. Williamson being a Man
very capable; Farther alledging, that if they presume to disobey your
orders in a thing they could no ways hinder being made publick, they
(mean the people) cannot hope for any knowledge of your Honours wherein
the Said Parties can keep them private.
I being at an uncertainty whether your Honours may think it con
sistent with my place to represent the (209) opinions of the people in
things of this natvire. Shall at present proceed no farther on that
Subject: only Seeing the confusion that it now ma,kes, and the bad
consequence that may attend, thou^t it proper to Submit it to the wise
consideration of the Board.
An affair happen'd, wherein Mr. Thomas Jones Third Bailif and
Cashkeeper, disallow'd of Mr. Tho. Christie being Magistrate, and Col.
Stephens joyn'd with him in opinion, which was always understood here
tofore the reverse.
69 (209)
I beg leave to Subscribe my Self
Your Honours most obedt. & most devoted
humble Servant
John Fallowfeild
(211) Mr. 10. Ejrre, to his brother in Ireland
Frederica 23d Dec. 1739/
Dear Brother
le 6th inst. I had the pleasure of receiving yours (dated ye
6th June) inclosed in a packet from Mr. Eyre to me, I was just then
retiu'ned from the nation of Cherrokee Indians whither the General had
sent me as Agent to the Trustees, and to demand the Assistance of that
people against the Spaniards, whom the General had Orders to attack in
those parts, I Succeeded so far that I had a Promise from the Chief men
of that laation that all their Young Men Should come down to our Assis
tance in two months. And brought dov/n one of their Kings to the General
to assure him of their readiness to assist him; at Frederica I found
that the General had gone with a Detachment of twenty men from each
Company to make an incursion into the Spanish Dominions, I made all the
dispatch possible after him, and had the good fortune to overtake him
the day after he landed on the Spanish side of the Eivdr St. Johns,
which Siver is the Bounds between the English and Spanish Teritorys,
this the 11th, The Genii, was so well pleased with me that he orderd
me to virrite two letters (one to Mr. Eyre, and the other to the Trustees)
70 (211)
upon the Drtun head, and dispatched a hoat off with them: 12th we
inarched about 15 miles, and detached several parties of Indians out to
Sco\ir the Country and to bring us in Intelligence, we Saw Several
parties of the Eneny, both Horse and Foot, but they thought proper to
withdraw into St. Augustine; we lay by the 13th for our Indians who were
out in Quest of the Enemy, at night they returned and gave us an Acct.
that they had drove the Enemy to within ten miles of Augustine, and had
killed a Eegroe one of their Scouts, this day we killed a great number
of Spanish (215) Cattle; The l4th we msirched back to our Boats, and at
night the General Betatched Lieut, Ihmbar, with a Serjeant and 12
men, ten Indians, two Boats and their Crews up the River St, John to
discover two Forts of which the Indians had given him an Acct., I was
the Only Cadet that Offerd his service to go, which the General accepted
of, who appointed me to Act as Engineer if we should meat an Enemy, and
gave me a Column with some Shells; we rowed up the River untill the l6th
at night, when we came to an Anchor, about 3 in the morning our Indians
went a Shore, and by the light of the morn found the Tract of a mans
foot, which they pursued untill they discoverd the Fort about 4 miles
distance from where we lay, we landed and got every thing ready with the
Greatest Expedition for the attack, which we made about ten a Clock,
the fire continued very hot on both sides for near 3 hours, we were
within fifty yards of the Fort without the least Shelter, and the Enemy
under Covert, and as we judged by their fire near equal our No. Lieut.
Dunbar finding that our Shells tho Several of them burst in the Fort did
hut little Execution, and that Several of our men were wounded, gave
orders to go on Board and leave nothing behind, which we did with a
71 (212)
great deal of Regularity, and at our Eeturii, gave them a triple discharge
of OTiT Arms, which they never retiirned, and killed their horses within
sight of their Fort. This Fort lies on the narrowest pass on the River,
and here it is at least two miles wide, in no other place less then 7,
its hanks are Coverd with Orange Trees which are loaded with Fruit, The
20th we came up with the General at Frederica, and were well Received,
He was well pleased with our Discovery of the Fort, and immediately gave
out orders to make preparations (213) for another Attempt, I expected to
have the pleasure of Seeing Picolata (the Fort so called) taken,
hut the General ddnyd my Request, and give me my dispatch for the
Cherokees, with Orders to bring down that people to our assistance.
This Dear Brother is an abstract of my Journal, and I hope you will
excuse my writing so much at large as I should if I had a larger
allowance of time, this day I am to set out for Savannah, (tho I am
returned hut 3 days from our Expedition;) and must defer writing to Mr.
Eyre untill I get there. You desire to know after what manner I Employ
my time in this part of the World; From September 28th 1738 when we
landed in America, to the following Fehy. I found Employment Enough in
following my duty. Making my Self perfect in the Manuel Excercise and
Evolutions, and clearing a ^ot of land for a Garden, in Conpany with
some other Gentlemen with whom I lived. In Fehy. our Genl. gave me his
Orders to wait on Capt. Thomas our Engineer at Fort St. Simons to
oversee the Building a Battery, there I continued untill June, when I
attended his Excellcy. up to the Nation of Creek Indians, I kept a
Journal up to that Nation, which I shoTOld Send to Mr. Eyre now, hut must
defer it untill I return from the Cherokees, which will he about the
72 (213)
time tha-t this comes to your hands. Mr. Eyre has sent me in money and
goods to the value of the Siam that you was so good as to remitt him
upon my Accot., besides Several Presents from himself, he behaves like
a Real friend to me, and Slips no opportunity of writing to me, his
letters are all full of good advice and assurances of his friendship,
besides his writing to me so frequently makes the Genl. take the more
notice of me. As to taking Debentures of Land in this Country, I beg
leave to observe that our Ancestors Settled in a peopled. Clear, and
fruitfull Country, end brought Sufficient with them to raise a (2lh)
Stock, I am in a Country Wild, woody and very Barren and but thinly
Inhabited, I have no servants to cut down Timber and clear the land
enough to plant for their own maintainance, and by that time, the Term
for which they were wnagwirgah engaged, would be elapsed. The Condition I
am in at present, without the assistance of Priends I cannot Support my
Self, besides the Profession I am engaged in, and to which Mr. Eyre
advises me apply my Self, will not allow me to think of taking land
unless I resolve to quit the Regiment. Dont let this and my former
Accounts both of my Self and this place, make You think that I want to
return home, no, I did not leave you to return so soon, or rather ever
to retxirn in a dependent way. I am satisfied tho I serve the General
without a Reward, provided he does not dispose of his favours to
Strangers who have more assurance, perhaps not more merit to recommend
them than we have. I never learned to Set a value upon my Self, but
when I see mean people taken notice of, I cannot avoid Complaining; But
now we have Action, I do not in the least doubt of being provided for.
We shall all march soon to beseige St. Augustine, If before the place a
73 (214)
Bullet takes me, it provides for me as well as a Commission wonld; upon
the whole, I assure you that I am determined to Carry a Musket all rsy
life rather then return to live at any mans table but my own. If I have
the good fortune to get a Commission I shall make Interest to return to
Europe for a few months, purposly to let some of our Relations know how
little I regard those that refused to lend me their assistance at my
first Setting out. I hope you have by this time brought Cept. John
Eyre to Terms, If at this distance, I can be any ways serviceable in
recovering my fortune from him, I shall be very ready to do any thing
that you shall Direct; I have mentioned to Mr. Eyre the kind Offer you
made me, to adva-nce 100 L for a pair of Colours for me, perhaps it may
be done at home if the War Continues, but here it Cannot, for our Genl.
will not allow any such thing as Buying or Selling a Commission in his
Regiment. I have nothing more to add, but that I am with my best wishes
for both yours and my Sisters health and heartily thank you for yoiir
favours
Yr. most affect. Brother and
humble Servant
Thomas Eyre
P. S.
In lieu of part of the next sum that you shall be so good to
remitt to Mr. Es^re, I beg of you to send me some Cloath and trimings
for a Suit of Cloathes, for were I to buy it here I should ruin my
Self, things are sold so extravagantly dear.
74 (219)
Frederica in Georgia 28 Deer. 1739
tfy lord
Tliere is no need, I am perswaded, of recommending the Bearer to
your lordship when once you know his Name and that is Mr. Horton who
Commanded in the Southern part of this Province and preserved the
Colony when it was threatned with a great Invasion from the Spaniards.
He is so thoroughly acquainted with the State of the Colony that it will
save your lordship the trouble of reading a long letter from
My lord
Your most obedient
humble Servant
James Oglethorpe
The Et. Honble. the Earl of Egmont.
(223) From Mr. Tho. Eyre a Cadet in Genl. Oglethorpes Eegiment to
Robert Eyre Esq.
Savannah 29 Decbr. 1739
Sir
I received your Paclset from Mr. Stephens the 6th of this month,
when I return'd from the Cherokees: Here I heard that the Genl. was
gone to revenge the death of two hired Servants whom the Spanish
Indians had kill'd in one of our Southermost Settlements. I overtook
him on the Spanish Side of the Eiver St. Johns, from whence Genl. 's
75 (223)
order I wrote one letter to you, and another to the Trustees acq.uainting
them with lay Success in the Indian Nation.
Por a particular Acct. of otir proceeding against the Spaniards, I
must heg leave to refer you to my "brothers letter, which I send you for
that reason.
I am "but just rettirnd from two Indian nations, and an expedition
against the Spaniards, but I am dispatchd back again to the Indian
Nation with orders to make all the expedition possible down with the
Indians: you will be pleased then to judge favotirably of me, and allow
that the Genl. has not granted me Siifficient time to be as particular as
I ought to be in my letters to you; even the copy of my jotirnal which I
promised to Send you, I must defer \intil I return from the Cherokees,
which will be the latter end of March next.
When I examind the particulars thai you was So good to Send me,
I found them all Safe & in good order, the Shot alone dissappointed me,
it turnd out to be a cask of btillets, which I rettimd to Capt.
Thompson, and took to the value of l4 Shillings for it: the Over
plus of the value of it he promises me to be accomptable for to you. As
affairs are here I do not know but btillets will be more Serviceable than
Small Shot, that is, in regard to the Publick; As to my Self, the Genl.
has So often, & in Such terms declared himself a.gainst any Such thing as
traficking among Soldiers, that unless I were entirely to quit the
Eegiment, I dare not -undertake to make any thing of those particulars
you Sent me. The occasion of the dispute between Lt. Col. Cochran &
Capt. Mackay (224) was endeavouring to make money by Selling goods &c
to the Soldiei's, and it is often made use of by the General as an
76 (224)
argument to dissuade those from it who have any design that way.
Your Garden Seeds were very acceptable, for tho it is not in iny
power to make use of them, I have an opportunity of obliging Some of our
Officers who have gardens, and encouraging others to be industrious, who
really were idle only for want of Seeds.
When the General call'd me away from St. Andrews to attend
Capt. Thomas last Feby. I was obliged to leave all the profits of my
garden to the Gentlemen with whom I lived, and from that time to this,
the General has found So much employment for me, that I have not had
time to think of clearing another Spot of land.
You mention'd in your letter the taking of land in this Country,
and were So good to advise me how I might raise another Eyre Coxirt in
Georgia; I assTire you that my principal view in coming here was to take
land. But I find that those who have brou^t over a number of Servants,
& all materials for building & planting, could not Save themselves by
it, but are indebted to the Stores for the best part of the provisions
they eat Since they came here. All our Settlements are near the Sea
Side, where the land is nothing but a vast heap of Sand, & I assTire you
produces nothing but Indian corn, & hardly that. A great many Soldiers
at their first coming took land on the terms the Trustees allow'd, but
the badness of the Soil, & the Small returns for their labour have so
discouraged them, that they have thrown up their lend & In^jrovments, &
chuse to live upon their pay alone.
Tis true there is both Silk end wine to go upon, as well as
planting, but we have no people here that understand the Improvment of
them two branches of trade. There is one Piedmontese family, and a few
77 (224)
in Savannah who are the only people that have uMertshen to make any
iB^rovment that way. This I assure you is the real truth, and yet I
have not mention'd half the difficulties or expence that attends plant
ing or Settling in this Country. Yet if it is yotir pleasure that I
Should take land, I Shall with the greatest readyness comply, for I
RhqTI always think my Self obliged to Settle in that way of (225) life
which Shall he most agreahle to the man that Supports and maintains me;
But then I must take my discharge from the Regiment, & quit all hopes of
being ever provided for in a Military way, which Since I have your
comsnds to declare my Self freely to you, is the way of life that I
always prefer'd, as did all our family. My brother was So kind to offer
to advance 100 L for me if it wotid purch8.se a payr of colurs; here it
cannot, for our Genl. will allow no Such thing as buying or Selling
Comissions in his Eegiment.
When my brother is So good to remit any more money on my Account,
I would beg to have it in linnen, for then I can oblige a friend with a
piece at an easier rate than they can get it here, without the Scandal
of being thought a Pedlar.
I beg the favour of you to Send me two Eegimental Guard Cloaks,
One for an Officer who is my friend & will repay me what ever it costs:
they are the best things we can have here to cover us from the dew or
Eain when we ly in the Woods. Mr. Stephens is So much my friend & So
ready to do me any Service, that I believe it would be needless to write
to him. If I could have a letter to Majr. Cooke, So as to deliver it my
Self, I be3.eive it might do me Service, for he has a Great Interest with
the General, & is our Ingineer now Capt. Thomas is dead.
78 (225)
I "beg leave to conclude with e,ssuring you once more, that I Shall
not neglect writing n every opportunity, & being very particular in
giving an Account of all proceedings here. I am Sir, with best respects
to Mrs. Eyre, your most obliged
& most obedt. humbe. Sei'vant
SThomas Eyre
(293) Sami, davison to Ld. Egmont
Frederica I6 Jany. 1739/40
May it please your Lordship
Gratitude obliges me to return my hearty thanks for your kind
thoughts of me at so great a distance in procuring me the place of
Overseer of the Trust Servants. Mr. Verelst writ me to apply to Dr.
Hawkins for the Commission and Instructions, but I find the Dr. has
appointed another Overseer in my Room, one thats a Trust German servant
who came over in December 1738 and who hardly knows a word of English.
In June last the Magistrates finding tha.t the Town began to be
populous thought it necessary to Licence another Publick house (one not
being Sufficient) and in regard to my Family they Licensed me, but Dr.
Hawkins and his Wife daily threaten to pull me down, in Spight to me
has Licensed another Publick house and I imagine he has writen against
me to the Honble. the Trustees. This ill treatment gives me a great
deal of uneasiness, his Wife said lately that She would la Damn her
Soul rather then not ruin me and my Family for Reasons I know not, and
79 (293)
himself said when my house was finished he wotad Sell my Children, one
to the Carpenter, and the other to the Plaisterer that did my house,
which is very cutting to a tender Parent. God has "blessed me with three
Small Children, the Eldest is hut four Years and three quarters Old,
I am obliged to heg yr. Lordships favour and Interest with the Honhle,
the Tr\istees that I may have my Licence continued for as I have a toler
able good trade I can thereby provide for my Family, whereas if it was
taken a way I shotad be at a loss what to do to Support them, I hope
(294) God will ax alway enable me to behave w Self so as to bring no
disgrace upon me. nor vexation to any of my kind Benefactors.
I have written to Mr. Verelst by this opportunity and have sent
him the Copy of my Acct. with the honble. the Trustees Signed by the
Clerk, also Copy of the Warrants by whom I was appointed Searcher, and
Constable, and a Petition Setting forth that having Signed the Trustees
Store keepers Acct, and acknowledged to be indebted to them, I beg that
they would please in discharge of the Same allow me on the balance The
Sallary for both Offices, and for a Servant and his provisions during my
being Constable; His Excellency General Oglethorpe told us that there
was a servant allowed to each of us Constables, but that Mr, Causton had
Sunk and Sq-uandered the money- I hope your Lordship will take my
case into Consideration tho at so great a distance, the heard duties and
the frequent alarms, terra ha-ve been exceeding heavy on ny Brother Con
stable and my Self having been obliged to watch 5 nights in ?: Neces
sity obliges me to trouble your Lordship with these particulars, and to
beg your favour and interest with the Honble, The Trustees to Grant my
Petition.
78a (286)
From March 1735/6 Ih Ih Ih Ih Pints Ih Qt.Molas- Ih oz; Ih fiall
To Fehy. l4th. 1736/7 Meat Eice Corn Flour Beer Cheese ses Butter Spices Sugar Vinegar
Delivered Him
His Allo^vance
616 246 145 210
572 208 208 208
267 36-3/^ 94
32 104
32i 16
24 16
30 3i
24 8
Eeced. more than his
Allowance 44 38 2 4-3/4 8^ 6
Eeceived less Do. 63 10
To Sundrys he has received Dr.
more than his Allowance Vizt,
Meat 44 a 2^
Eice 38 a 1^
FlOTir 2 a 1^^
Cheese 4-3/4a 4|^
Butter 8^ a 6^^
S'ugar 6 a 4^
Soap 1-3/4 a 5^
7 4
3 2
3
1 9
4 3
2
8-3/4
To Sundrys on Credit
Lindseys 2 yards & ife
Strouds 2ir Jtards a 4^ 2^
Candles Ih a 5^3/4
Ozenhrigs 12-3/4 yards 9^
Bread 14 Ih 2^
*1 }(} jslcfc Eggs 18 )
19 5-3/^
2
9 --a
2 1-3/4
10 0-3/4
2 4
Carried over L2 5 9-3/^
78b (286-287)
First Establishment
Mr. Samuel Davison* s Account with The Honble. The Trustees.
Enclosed to Mr. Verelts l6 Jany. 1739-40.
lb Qt. lb yards yds. yds. lb P. lb pr. Womn.
Salt Oyl Soap lamp Linsey Strouds Candles Ozenb: BreaxL Wine Eggs Tobacco. Shoes
14 16-1 25-3A 12 2i 37 12-3/4 14 1 18 3 3
48 18 24 1
1-3/4
3^ 1|
Brought over
Dr.
i 25 9-3/^
To Tobacco 3 lb 5
To Womens Shoes 3 pr 2/IO
To Men Shoes 2 pr, 3/9
To Soldier's Coat 1
To ^ Pins. 2 Sheets & 50 large
To Hank Bohliins
To Hails 600 4)^
1000. 8^ & 6r
100. 2/ ) Joint
600 8^ ) Labour
600 4^ )
Small Spikes 1 lb )
To Lard 3 lb 4^
Pipes. 12. & 2 q.t. Pease
Pewter Spoons 12 @ 2^%
Auger 1. of I'J Inch
To ggmnAic Sow & Barrow 11
To Cow & Calf. -=1.2.6
1 3
8 6
7 6
6 3
9
6
1
8
2 6
1 6-3/4
3 13 6
I 7 9 9|
78c (287)
pr. of Soldiers Eaiik Small lb Pewter Pts.of Cattle
Men Do. Coats Pins 'bobbin Hails Spikes Lard Pipes Spoons En^. & C.
pease Augers
6b0 1 Sow
2 12 Sheet 1 1000 & 6^ 1 lb 3 12 12 4 11 Cow
50 large I3OO mixt 1 Calf
By Sxmdrys he has received
less than his Allowance,
Vizt
Corn 63 lb @ 2/ p Bashe.
Molasses 10 qts. @ 1/4 p Gall
Vinegar kk Galls, at 1/6
Salt 34 lb
Oyl 3 pints
Cr.
2
3
6
1
3
4
9
0
13 Hi
Ballance carried to the next
Establishment Accottnt 6 15 10
7 9 9i
Errors & Omissions
excepted. Frederica August
ye 14th. 1739
Elisha Dobree.
78d (290)
It It Gall It It It It It Qt. Qt. Gall
___
Meat Corn Molasses Rice Flours Sugar Soap Salt Vinegar Lan^ Madeira
Qyl_
From ye 14 Fety.1736/7
to 1st. August 1737 375 581 11-5/8 I30 101 47-| 3 22 1 ^
From 1st Augt. 1737 to
25 Decemr. I737 3^6 938 12 30 lllj 12 11 19| 4 9-3/16
From Do. to the 29th
Septemr. 1738 662 796 57-3/^ 15^ 350^ 4 17 56 11 7
1353 2315 81^ 314 562-3/4 631 31 97i 16 9| 13-3/16
Allowance or Gift
2-1/3 heads 233.1176.14.
1120.1139.67^
lo Meat 1120 It 2*^ Xi
lo Corn 1139 It 2/7 p Bphll.
lo Molasses 67 Gall 1?7^
lo Rice 314 It @ l*^ ^
To Flour 562 It & li
To Sugar 63|' It 4 ^
To Soap 31 It 6^
To Salt 97|- It 1/4 p It f
To Vinegar 4 Gall I/6
To Oyl 2-3/8 Gall I/8
To Madeira I3-7/I6 Gall 3
To White Bread 42^4J-t @2**
To Middling Bread 88 It
To Brown & Ship Bread 125 It 1**^
To Beer 11 Gall Sx ^ l/4
To Candles 13j- It ^
To Oatmeal 2 It. 1^^
To Ozentrigs 58 Yds. 9*^
To Iron pot 1
To Potrack 1
To Hen^) 1 It
To Stock Locks 3. l/2^
968
2 12 8
5 6 1
1 12 8
3 10 3
112
15 6
2 4
6
3 m
2 - 3-3/4
7 Ij
12 10
15 7i
6 9
3
236
2
3 ^
7
3 6
To Hogs Lard ^ It , 2
To Herrings & Shads ll4 It 1*^ 96
To Cinnamon 6 oz^ 11.3 p It ^3
To Hutmegs 2 oz. 9 p oz, 1 6
To Ginger 12 oz. @ It 6
To Pepper 24 oz. 22^ p It 2 9
To Spades. 1 old troken 2
To Hooks & Hinges 2 pr. for his
House in Joint Latour
To Trace Chair 1 Lent
To Tin Lamp 1 1 3
To Pishing Line 1 2
To Staples 3 Joint Latour
Carried over L 33 12 0^
78e (290-291)
Second
Mr, Samuel Davison
Enclosed to Mr, Verelts
It Vfh. It og It Bro: Quarts It It Yds Iron Pot It Stock It It
Bread Mid:Do. Do. Beer Candles Oatmeal Ozentrig Pot rack Hemp Locks Lard Herrings
23-3/4 6 22 22 4
19 43 68| 22* 7*
39 10
_Z1
2
42-3/4 88 125|- 44* 13*
2
2
33 1 1 2 * 56
1 47
25 1 11
58 1 1 1 3 * 114
Brou^t over
To Milinary Ware Vizt,
21 oa./2 2^ thi^ead 1^*
4 oz 4^ thread @ 3^
2 oz jd Do 2^1
3 ps- Ferritting @ 4*^
2 ps. of White Tape
ro^lnd Laces )
odi a
troad Do.
paper Pins 28 rows each)
Do. 31 )
Do. 50 )
To Butter 30 It 7-
To Cheese 20* It 5^
To Potatoes 6-7/8 Bushll. l/l
To Indian Pease 1 Bushll.
To Hat 1
To Men Shoes 6 pr, @ 4/6
To Girls Shoes 1 pr.
To Totacco I3 It 5^
It 33 12 0*
2 8
1
1
1 7
1 1*
17
8
7
2
I
1 7
2 6
5 5
To Plains 7 Yards I/7 11 1
To Chizells 2 15
To Whip Saw files 4 5^* 1 10
To Hung Beef 17* 3^ p It 4 4*
teing Damaged
To Onions 4 Bunches 7^ 2 4
To Knives 1 3-3/4
To Blankets 1 64
To hand Sa%# files 2 @ 2^* 5
To 1 Saw Box , 7
To Hails 1400. 20r)
400. 8pJoint
200. 4^)Latour
Carried over !> 39 4 9*
78f (291)
Ee tsMishmeut
his Account with the Eontle. The Trustees From February l4th: I736/7 to Septr. 29th, I733.
16 Jauy. 1739-40
oz. oz, oz, oz. Stocks & Trace Tin Fish pr. Milinary Ih It
Cinnamon Nutmegs Ginger Pepper ^ades Hinges Chain Lan^) Lines Staples Ware Butter Cheese
pare
4 2 4 l6l 2 111 11
2 18 2i
2 8 8 12 18
6 2 12 24 1 2 111 31 30 20^
Dr.
Brou^t over I 39 4 9i
To Linseed Oyl 5 qts @ 4/p Qt.
To Bed Strouds 1-|^ ydw
To Womens Stockings 1 pr.
To Turpentine 1 Barr11. 35 It
for his House in Joint Latour
To White Lead 12 It 6^
To Narrow Hoes 2 I/8
To Wooden Bowl
To Eazor 1
To Wooden Ladle 1
To Wooden Ware omitted in the
first Estatlishment to the
28th. June 1736
Trenchers 6 )
Bowls 2 sm%ll )
Do. 1 large )
Pails 1 )
Ganns 1 )
To Ballance of the Acct*
for the first Estatlishemtn
5
7 6
2 9
6
3 4
8
5
6 15 10
1 47 11 7-3/4
Errors and omissions Excepted.
Frederica Augt, l4th I739.
Elisha. Dotree.
78g (291)
Bush; Bush; Pr.Men Pr. Girls Ih yard WhipSaw Ih Hung Bunch
Potatoes Pease Hats Shoes Do. Tobacco Plains Chizells files Beef Onions Ehives
2 1131 27 2 217^31
4-1/8 3 11 2 1
6-1/8 116 1 13 7 2 4 17i 4 1
By the Eemainder of a Warrant on
the Store for Puhlick Work in
1736
By Ballance due to the Honhle.
the Trustees
47 11 7-3/4
1-6
46 11 1-3/4
Ii
7811 (291)
Blan- hand Saw Qt. yds. pr. Ih Narrow Wood Wood
kets saw Box Linseed Bed Womn. Turpentine White Hoe Razors Bowls Ladle Fish
files Qyl Stronds Stockgs. . ^_lead_
1 2 1
5 li 1
Bar11.
1.35 Ih 12 2 1 1 1 11
12151^ 1 35 12 2 1 1 1 11
80 (29*+)
I have Cleared and Fenced ^ Acres of my 45 Acres, "besides my
Acre Lot which is 6^ Acres, I raised this Sea,son about 60 Bushells of Corn
50 Ditto Potatoes
8-Pease
But my Servant "being out of his time it will be very heard for me to
Cultivate the same Quantity of Land this year. I was promised a Premium
and great encouragement for industrious People, but the least we have
not found, I leave this to your Lordships Consideration, who is better
(295) able to make a true Judgment then I can. and being fully persuaded
of your Compasionate Consideration Emboldens me to take the freedom of
applying to your Lordship.
I shall always put up my Prayers to ^esven for your Lordship and
my Lady, with the rest of your E"oble family health and happyness and am
May it please your Lordship
Your Lordships most obliged and most
humble and Obedt. Servt.
The *^ark of
X
Samuel Davison
Mr. Horton who goes by this opportunity
has promised me to do vfhat he can in
my favour with the Honble. the Trustees
to grant my Petition.
P. S. I was told by his Excellency GeneraJL Oglethorpe that my
place a Seai'cher of Ships &c. would be worth to me L 40 Sterl. I have
had no other Consideration for it but L 10 tovfards building my House,
81 (295)
and L 7.10.0 let me on my Jfcss Note,
I Seized in Decem'ber 1738 two Negroes in pnrsuance to the Act
ggainst Employing Negroes in this Colony for which I have received no
Eewsxd. I have made no mention of this in my Petition chusing to refer
it first to your Lordship that you may mention it to the Honhle. Trustees
if you think it proper.
Mr. Moore Secretary to his Excellency has paid me L 2.10.0 for a
Quarters Salary as Constable from Michaelmass to Christmass last.
Et. Honhle. Earl of Egmont
(301) Mr. WMtfeild to Mr. Verelts
Savannah Jan: l6th 1739/^0
Sir
On Friday last God brought me hither - Mr. Habersham before I
came had looked out a proper tract of Land near Skedoway on which I
purpose building the Orphan House, as soon as possible and to take all
the Orphans in General into it Since I came I have perused the Grant,
but find it not made to me and my Successors for ever (at lest but very
indirectly) but only to such persons as I shell nominate in ny Will, So
that it is secured to me only for a little while, which is contrary to
By Intention and also to the Express words in the Copy from which the
present Grant was taken This I suppose the Eonble. Trustees would
alter immediately, for I would not think it wa,s a wilful mistake I
would desire also, since the Orphan house is intended for a Cliaritable
82 (301)
end, that it may "be exen^jted for ever from paying Quit Rents and all
manner of Taxes whatsoever, as also, that all Persons concerned in the
management of it, may never he obliged to hear Arms, or Serve in Civil
Offices For both these will be a great hinderance to the Education of
the poor Cnildren -- I think it best not to take any possession of Mr.
How's Lot, because Mr. Habersham has got 500 Acres altogether, and I
think it best to build the Orphan house in the Country, because the
Children will then be near their place of Work For it is my design to
teach them by honest labour how to get their own living It is a Con
stant Rule in my house. He that will not labour neither shall he eat
As the Orphan house will be veiy expensive and as I must necessarily be
obliged to go frequently from Savannah, I think it inconsistent with my
duty to keep the Parish under my Care, and therefore I intend to Resign
it very soon, but to do wha^t I can till (302) I go hence which will be
in about three months but in the latter end of the Summer I intend
returning from New England and Stay here three months longer Sy that
time I hope to have the Orphan house and Lands Compleat Stocked and
Settled This done, I p\irpose, God willing, to return again for a
Season to my Native Country Mr. Norris I beleive is made Chaplain of
the Regiment, but says he will Come now and then this way Had he been
given to Contention, he might have distrubed me in his Ministry For
the Trustees have given him a general Grant to excersise his Ministry
thro the whole Colony Neither have they taken up my presentation to
Frederica, so that we might have hindered each other But God forbid
any such thing should happen That all things may be easy, I shall
give up my Commission both for Frederica and Savannah The care of the
83 (302)
Orphan house at present is Stifficient for me. Pray my "best Respects to
the Honourable Trustees and desire them to send an Answer as soon as
possible to Sir
Your very humble servant
George Whitfield
(305) Copy of a Letter from Mr. Christie to the Trustees.
Gentlemen
I reed, a Letter signed Harman Verelst dated July l4th 1739
wherein he says the Trustees have been pleased to promote me to the
office of first Bailiff in the room of Henry Parker displaced.
And further says you are therefore desired to send Copies of the
Proceedings of the Town Court wch, have not been already sent to the
Trustees to the time Mr. Williamson shall be sworn in Recorder to
Succeed You.
Gentm. Your orders are so well obeyed that ny setting as first
Bailiff and my Commission is not only refused me but Mr, Parker is not
displaced nor is Mr. Williamson sworn in Recorder Altho he has personally
applyed for it so that I am Affraid If I should delay sending over the
Proceedings of the Town Court till Mr. Williamson is sworn in Recorder
it would tire Your P8,tience.
You will be well informed by me of the reasons for these Pro
ceedings so tha.t I slmll not mention anything farther here.
I have been continually visited by (306) Sickness for this five
Months past
8k SSt (306)
As Mr. Verelsts Letter to Mr. Stephens differs from mine and
seems to point out Mm as the Person directed to see those Court
proceedings transmitted to the Trustees I have for his satisfaction
taken with me tvro friends and inclosed the same in his presence directed
to Your Honrs, having at the same time also demanded my Commission and
the Execution of Your orders hut to no purpose.
I remain
(317) Mr. VThitfeild to Ld. Egmont rec. 10 April 17^0.
Savannah Jany. 28th 1739
Wiy Lord
The opinion I have of your Lordships disinterestedness, and
single intention to promote the welfare of tMs Colony emboldens me to
trouble your LordsMp with this Letter and here I cannot but inform
your Lordship that nothing will be done to any purpose till persons, to
whom the Trustees send their Orders, have courage and Eesolution to
execute them immediately. Several objections are made against building
the Jury Hoorn, tho a thing of such great necessity. Indeed Colonel
Stephens seems willing to do it but says he has not money Besides, I
now find Candles out of my own house for the Church. And the Parsonage
house is just in the same Condition that I left it. Tho a Room was
begun to be built yet it is now unfinished It often grieves me to
see how the Trustees must necessarily be baulked in their Expectations;
85 (317)
An(^ how good people will Certainly withdraw their hands when th^ are
informed (as I shall think it my duty to inform them in the most publick
manner if the affairs of Religion are not more regarded) how little is
to he seen for all the money they have contributed.
Your Lordship cannot conceive what a vast service the building of
a Church at this time wonld be to the Colony. It would not only keep
many from leaving it but also bring many Workmen hither Under God my
building the Orphan house has prevented Savannah being much deserted
(318) The Poor People are now a little Spirited up a gain I have near
30 hands at work and intend employing as many as offer themselves
I am going to set a Weaver to work to wea,ve Cotton and intend to
agree to take all the Cotton Flax and Hemp that shall be raised the next
year thro the whole Colony I am juat writing to the Trustees to make
them an offer of Building the Church if they will put the money into my
hands. I have only time to refer yoTir liordship to that Letter and Sub
scribe my Self
I'ly Lord
Your Lordships
most obliged humble
Servant
George Whitfield
(321) Mr. Whitfeild to Mr. Verelts reed. 10 April 17^0
Savannah 28 Jany. 1739/^
86 (321)
Sir
In a letter dated the 16th. instant, I was informed that Mr.
Hahershatn had taken up 500 Acres of Land which I find since lies on the
Continent opposite Westward to Mr. ITohle Jones his Plantation on the
Island of Hope, and adjoyning Southward to a Tract of Land possessed hy
Mr. Stephens and Mr. Mercer. This Tract of Land Mr. Hahershatn since my
arrival has surrenderd to me, and thereby has prevented my taking
possession of Mr. Hows Lot. I therefore desire that the Honourable
Trustees will be pleased to send me a fresh Grant of these 500 Acres of
Land to me and my Sxiccessors for ever, with the Immunities mentioned in
my last The Building of this Orphan house I find will be of great
Service to the Colony in general. It prevents many leaving the place
and I beleive will be an encouragement for others to Come over. It is
about 10 miles from the Tovm and I intend contributing largely towards
making a great Cart road from Savannah thither which will be very ser
viceable to all the Plantations thereabout. I am taking in many Chil
dren and am taking in fresh ones daily. I purpose employing Some of them
in the Cotton Manufactory.
I am just setting a Weaver to work and have engaged to take all
the Cotton that shall be planted in the Colony the ensuing year. So
that I hope Savannah, thro the Divine blessing, will yet lift up her
drooping head I am sorry to inform the Honble. Trustees that their
Orders are not punctually obey'd. Colonel Stephens says he has not
money to build the Jury Room. Little Care is taken a,bout the 5 Acre
Lot, and tho (322) a Hew Room was begun in the Parsonage house when I
left Savannah, yet I find it now unfinished.
87 (322)
lEhe Chisrcli or rather Court house I Supply with Candles out of my
own Store. And upon the whole it grieves me to think how insensibly
the Colony will decay unless more care is taken to obey the Trustees
orders. In a Letter sent from the honble. Triastees to Colonel Stephens
I fini they desire to know how the building of the Church goes on, I
answer not at all, nor any likelyhood of its being set on foot. And yet
nothing would more encOTirage the people. If the Trustees will put into
ipy hands the money that has been given on that Acct. I will make a
handsome addition to it and get the Ch-urch finished out of hand. If not
I believe it will never be done. Por the General in all likelyhood will
be more engaged every day. And no person here seems to have heart to do
any thing without his Orders I shall wait a little longer to see what
Amendments will be made in the Affairs of Religion, If theres no altera
tion for the better and the Church be not built, I shall think it my
duty to inform pious people in a Publick manner, how little good has
been done with their Charitable Contributions After I began this Mr.
Jenlcins the former Trustee for the Orphans has been with me
If the Trustees please I will take the Orphans effects into my
iiands. And I should be glad if the Magistrates will not settle with
him that he may have orders to give up his Accts. to me I have only
time to desire a Speedy answer and to Subscribe my Self
Sir
Your very humble Servant
George Whitfield
P. S.
Sir
88 (323)
I had not room to mention how sadly Captain Thomson has been
detained at Frederica he came hither hut last night, and a parcel I
sent hy him not yet deliverd. Such proceedings must he of great di
service to the Colony. Besides I find the Court house which was begun
when I left Georgia and was intended for a place of Worship, was put a
Stop to at the Generals arrival and nothing done towards it Since.
Savannah Jan: 28th 1739/^0.
Capt. Mark Carr to Genl. Ja. Can^hell
Hermitage 28 Jany. 1739/40
Sir
In whatever part of the world I shall happen to he Stationed in
I shall always think it my indispensihle duty to make all acknowledgemts.
for the many favours I have received from you.
And the only one left me here, is to give you Some Acct. of this
Infant Colony, with the proceedings of our General after his first
Advices of War with Spain; to do him justice he deserves a better pen,
hut as I had the honour to acconroany him in different Stations, I shall
endeavour at the best.
We are in the Latitude 3 1/2 much healthyer than our Neighbouring
Colony, but whether thats owing to the Generals prudent care of hinder
ing the use of Rum, and Slaves, or our higher Situation I shall not
determine. Last Season was the wettest has been known in America,
89 (325)
notwithstanding we lost not above 50 in 1200 people which was in Agues
and Fevers; for eight months nothing can he pleasanter, and in which
time great plenty of Venison, Turkey, and Wild Fowl might he got with a
little fatigue. The other four is a little too warm for a British
Consitution, hut as we came not here out of Choice we must learn to
*a Scotch termer
to use our- *thole. I am of Opinion if we would not oppose nature hy Sowing and
selves to it.
planting British Seeds and Plants, hut apply our Selves heartily to the
natural product of the Climate, Such as Indian Corn, Pease, Pumpkins,
Potatoes, &c, with Some few English Plants, Vizt. Cahage, Asparagus,
Heartychoaks, the Increase wo'dLd he Surprising.
As the whole length of the Colony (I mean towards the sea) is
ranged with Islands, there is a very good inland passage which in time
would have ruined (326) Carolina, if this Colony had not fallen under
the Tutelage of so indefatiguahle a man as General Oglethorpe, for as
there is no dept of water for our Shipping, the Spanish Launches would
have always had free passage to Charles Town, hut now S-urely prevented
hy the Generals foreseeing knowledge in making his first Settlement
upon these Islands.
It's great pity and a general loss to America he is not at tlids
time Supplyed vdth proper means to take Augustine, if he had, its my
humhle Opinion he would not leave Jack Spaniard one foot of Land this
Side of the Missisippy, this nat\xrally leads me to his personal hehaviour Since his Advices from England of an Eruption with Spain, which
I dare Say he received with great joy.
As I am Sensible all his kindness to me is owing to you. So I am
likeways Satisfied the Confidence he reposes in me is hy your
90 (326)
reconuaendation, -upon which he honoured me with his designs.
His first care was to look into the Situation and Sa-fety of his
outmost Settlements particularly Amelia, where there had "been two High
landers Murderd about a month before, thither he sent an Officers
Command, end dispatched proper people up the Nations where (foreseeing
what was to happen) he had been all Stimmer in great fatigue, while he
Was making this necessary defence: he likewpys was puting every thing
in readyness to reconature the Inemys Frontiers, and as he is very
assidous, he soon brought things to bear, that on the first of December
he embarked (on board 14 Canoes and boates) Three Captains, 5 Sub
Alterns, 5 Serjeants, 10 Corporalls, 5 Drums, 100 private, 3^ India.ns,
the Highland Hangers, and with Volunteers, in all near two hundred.
We landed on the Spanish Main the 4th about 12 at night, (32?) but as
he could find no place of Safety for his men, we were orderd to our
Boates and went farther up the Eiver where he had infoimation of a
look out, we landed the 5th by break of day, and marched in three divi
sions three leagues into the Country, but being wrong informed, marched
with great Order back to our boates, and Orders given out, no fires. So
that the General with his Brother Soldiers lived on raw Salt Beef and
Pork four days. There was a Captain and 40 Men orderd immediately up
the Hiver for discoverys, but came back next mornir^g without Seeing any
thing except a Pallmetto Hutt, which they burnt; On the 6th, we returned
to the mouth of the Hiver and landed. As his Excellency had had so
many reports of Forts, Lookouts end other places of Strength all along
that Coast, He was obliged to advance v/ith the utmost precaution. Here
we burnt their guard house which was for Six Horsemen as a Lookout; The
91 (327)
Indians were of great use here, for they not only were a Terrour to the
Spanish Indians, but they inspected the Inland Country, and brought us
plenty of Fresh Beef, and as the Senerall had Eeason to beleive they
were alarmed, fires was allowed, which refreshed the men much for jbuB
tho the V;inters may not be so Severe here as in England, yet the Sudden
alterations make us more Sensible.
3?he Enemy giving us no trouble, the Seneralls nightly Orders on
the 10th was to marfh early next morning, which gave great Joy. after
a proper guard appointed to attend the Boates, they marched in three
divisions, the Higjaland Hangers as an advance Guard, and your humble
servant with the Eear guard of the Militia. You must likeways know we
had a Small train of Artillery under a Sub Alterns Command. Upon the
March we were Alarmed with a Sudden return (328) of the Indians, that
they had discovered a Party of Horse and Foot retreating, which they
desired to pursue, it being granted, they Strippd and Eun like Hounds
in full Cry, and to do them Justice, they are fine breve fellows. IThe
Genii, after some Consultation with his Officers, gave Orders to march
with the utmost Eatpedition, and Order to Sustain the Indians, but we
immediately observed the Parties about three leagues before us, and the
Indians retTirning without hopes of Scalps. Having then marched upward
of 14 miles, and being near a fresh water Brook, we Encais^jed upon a high
ridge, now calld Oglethorpe Camp. The height and bleakiness of the
place, made me more Sensible of Cold than I before ever rttantk rememberd.
The Indians desired next morning to go for a Scalp, which they brought
(from a neighbouring Town called Moosa, inhabited by runaway Slaves from
Carolina) that night.
92 (328)
Provisions falling Scarce by longer Stay than the Generalls
expectation, the weather Severe, and the men fatigued. Several of them
being newly Eecoverd from Sickness, we ret\irned to our Boates, and after
a Command of a. Lieutenant and 40 men with 12 Indians was Sent up the
Eiver; After farther discoveries there iifas generall Orders for embarking
and they returned to their respective Garrisons the 18th.
Mr. Dunbar who Commanded the Party Sent up the Eiver St. Johns,
(now called Oglethorpes Lake) returned the 24th with advice that he had
fallen in with two Small Ports calld Peckalato and Port Pransisco de
Pupa 25 leagues the Eiver. He landed his men, and attacked it
briskley, but for want of Artillery was repulsed.
The Generall without loss of time, Orderd the Same number of men
his first Party was of (329) of, with two 4 pounders, two 2 pounders, 6
Swivells, 6 Cow horns. Some hand grenadors, imder the Command of Ensign
Mace, who is Sub Engineer, to Embark Jany. 1st and on the 4th in ye
Evening we came within 3 leagues of the Place, where we dropt Anchor.
I was immediately Orderd to Eschort the Indians, under the Com
mand of Messrs. Mathews, Jones, and Gray, who were to land as near the
Port as possible without discovery, which was easiely obey'd about 2 in
the morning, for the Spaniards had abandon'd the place, and gone to the
Opposite Port upon Mr. Dunbars r^ulse; however this could not be known
till day, but as Soon as discoverd, they burnt it to the ground, with
out waiting the Generall, and then made w'ha,t hast they could possible
to acquaint him. They met him about a league from the place, and as
soon as he had learned their informations, we Stood for St. Pransisco,
but the Indians vho were under no Command, iifas at work with the Port,
93 (329)
ere we co-uld possibly land, tho really the men were very brisk and
ready for Action. After the Generali had disposed of the Divisions as
he thou^t proper. Be orderd the Indians and Militia to divert the
Besieged vdth brisk fireing, till he raised the Battery, which being
immediately finished, he Orderd the Guns to fire upon the Fort, and then
Sent a Flag of Truce, which they trifleing with, Orderd a Second, which
had so good an effect, that they called for Quarters, and they that
night gave us possession of the Fort, end marched out next morning
prisoners of War.
It was a Tower muskett prove shot, with Strong Palisadoes, 10
Inches diameter, which is Commended from Loop holes out of the Manachock
holes (330) projecting 3 feet, it was lucky we took those Carriage guns,
for am of opinion all our Arms would have been to no effect. The
Generali has Strengthend it much, by throwing up a large bank, and left
a Command of An Officer and 30 men, with a Scout Boat well mand. He has
since Sent a Periago Commanded by a Lieut, end 36 men, as likewise a
Sloop well man*d to Cruise the lake. I am much Surprised the Spaniards
had no greater regard for this place, it being but I6 miles from Atigustine, and the only land Communication to Mexico. Their Post with all
their Letters, was taken the other day, by our People at that Fort. The
Greatest hardship the Generali has laboiired under, was for want of Horse
under Discipline. I am most assured if he had had 60 regular Dragoons,
he v;ould have been Master of Augustine before noxf.
The day after Fransisco Surrenderd, if the Genii, had been
Master of ye Eegular Troops beforementioned, he certainly would have
taken 50 of ye Spanish Troops, and near a 100 of their Foot, which KKZdt
94 (330)
we Jiidged was coining to the Helief of the ^ort, but observing our
numbers, returned with great precipitation.
The little Garrison consisted of a Serjt., one Corporall, nine
private and one Indian, which were relieved monthley; they had 5
Swivells, one Small Mortar, which widend from the Breach to the Musel,
so as to Serve for Shells of different Size, which they had, with hand
Grenades, and Some Confound in Bottles, with plenty of other ibimunition.
I shall here give you a Short Acct. of their Scituation at
Augustine, and their out Guards, from the Serjeants Examination.
He says there are two kinds of Troops in Augustine Vizt. The Old
Troops of the place (331) and those lately Sent from Spain.
Those Troops of the Place, consists of 3 Companys of Foot, One
of Horse, and One of Artillery, .Each by the Establishment is a 100, but
believes them not to exceed 70 effective in each.
The Troops that came over about 2 years ago, Consists of 8
Companys 50 each Establishment, but how many are dead he does not
know, these he s^ys are all of the Regular Troops of Spain, but there
are likeways Severall other Men that are not listed who have no pay from
the King, but have Arms and Officers, making one Company of Militia.
There are above 200 transports, a few Molatooes, and above 200 Negroes,
all Armed, within a league of the Town, There are 9 Villages of Indians
containing in all betwixt 4 or 500 able to bear Armes; The Ditch round
the Town of Augustine is a yard deep, and 3 yards wide, within which is
a Pallmetto Royal hedge, which is kept up by Setting fresh Pallmettos
as wanting. The Earth thrown up is faced with wood, mans height. They
have 10 Buiworks upon the Lines a 100 yards a distance. There are two
95 (331)
4 poimders, and other Cannon in each Buiwork with a Guard of 5 Men,
There are 4 Gates made of 4 inch plank.
The Castle he says is very Strong, the Ditch round it is 24 yards
wide, and 11 foot deep, which th^ can fill with water at pleasure, "both
Sides are faced with Stone, and lately they have made on the out Side of
the Ditch a Coverd way faced with Stone. The Walls of the Castle are 7
Ells thick, with 4 Sulworks, the Curtain about 60 yards. The parapet is
3 yards thick of Stones of that Breadth, the Walls are about 4 yards
high on the Inside, They have in all within the Castle about 50 Cannon,
3 of which are (332) 40 pounders, two 32 po-unders, and 2 24 pounders;
There axe Ambrazures, and all the Ramparts Casemated with lodging Rooms
under it, which doubled by flowering, would lodge all the people in
SkaoEKOt Florida; its Arched with Stones 3 foot thick and covered with
Earth of the Same thickness, they have plenty of water within the Castle.
They have belonging to the place 4 Launches and two Billanders, but the
two Billan6.ers for present is at the Havannah.
He Says they have no other Fort of Strength, but at St. Hark at
the Appellaches, where are 50 saen, 6 of each Conpany, one Capt. one
Lieut, one Ensign, two Serjeants, two Corplls., and two Drums. This
place is about 8 days journey from Augustine, on the Road to Mexico
(and I believe a Communication with the Gulph.) the rest of This
Examination was much to the Same purpose.
His Excellency is gone to Carolina, in hopes of some Assistance
from them, which their own Interest, I think will oblige them to. He
has raised one additional! Shrap Troop of Rangers, wch. he has hond. me
with, my Commission wch, is dated ye 19 Xbr. runs as Capt, I have a
96 (332)
Lieut. Cornet, Quarter Master, two Corplls., one French horn & 29
private Men, hqt Eange is to he from Fort St, Fransisco to ye Darien, wch.
I judge is near 200 miles distance, they will he of great pta- protection
from ye little Excursion of the Spanish Indians upon this Colony, in
time of peace, hut if the War continues, they*11 he of the utmost con
sequence. The is very Small Scarce able to Subsist on, Setting
aside ye hardships wch. perhapps is Lying 9 months in ye year on Bare
s
ground without ariy Covering, & all for 2,6 _ day, hut the Genii, designs
to push to have them on the Dragoon Estahlishmt. & I flatter my Self if
such a thing come upon ye Carpett youll give me yr. assistance, for
s
its you I thank for the 2,6. If you have any desire for any thing this
Country produces I shall use my utmost diligence to procure it, & shall
think it an honour to he esteemd
Yr. Dutyfull and Ohedt. Servt. &c.
Signed M. Carr.
(3^1) Genl. Oglethorpe to Col, Stephens, and by him Sent to the Trus
tees, arrived by Capt. Thompson 2 May 1740,
Frederica 2 Fehy, 1739/40
Sir
Since the Spaniards began hostilities by attacking Amelia, &
murdering the Men there, I pursued them into Florida, Swept the River
St. Mathao, by the Indians calld Alata, which the Spaniards would fain
now call St. Johns.
97 (3^1)
I landed on the Spanish Main, drove their Outgriards, and the
Indians hvirnt 3 Guard houses; I proceeded one daj'^s march to\rards St.
Augustine, Stayed 3 days hunting their Cattel, and ravaging the Country,
hut could not provoke them to Action. Their horse, and a party of
Negroe & Indians appeard, hut went off upon a gallop, and took Shelter
in their Ports.
The Spaniards had in S'lorida, besides the Portress of Augustine,
The Port of St, Harks, with a garison of 80 Regular Troops, 100 Spanish.
Transports, besides Kegroes, Indians &ce. This Port lies on the Bay of
Appelachee, which makes the most Eastern part of the Gulph of Mealco,
and by it, Augustine has a coraiinicstion with Mexico. It also influences
the Creek Indians, being not far from their Towns.
They had also built a new Port called St. Prancis de Pupa on the
Brittish Side of St. Mathao or Alato above mention'd. This Port was an
incroachment, and built not long Since to protect a Perry over the
River ^ Alata, to defend their comunicf?tion with St. Marks, and to give
them an Entry into that part of Georgia inliabited by the Creek Indians,
and also all the northern parts of Georgia and Carolina by Land, it
be but 5 days journey from this Port to Mr. Mathews (3^2) new Settle
ment, and that but two days Jo-urney from Savannah.
Over against this, on the South Side the Alata, wch. is there so
wide, as to be no longer a River, but a lake, they had a Port call'd
Picola.ta, in the Sh^e of a Star, and a Perry boa.t, going from the One
Port to the other.
They had also the Port of St. Diego, 7 league from the Alata, 6
from Augustine, and 3 from the Sea.
98 (342)
Ihey had another called Eossa, with a garison mostly Indians.
Another call'd Chiketo, with 4 Bastions, the Garison mostly
Indians, and partly Eegular troops, and lies about a league from
Augastine.
Another called Pinion.
And they were building a new one of Stone, called Moosa, to pro
tect the Plantations they had granted to Run away Negroes, who were
armed and Officer'd in order to garison the Same.
A particular Acct. of Augustine is inclosed.
On jny first inroad, the Spaniards quitted Moosa and drew off the
Negroes.
I Sent Lieut. Dunbar up the River with 2 Scout bor?ts, to destroy
what boats the Spaniards had, and to view their Ports and attack them
if weak;. Accordingly after 12 hours rovjing up the Alata, he came to
where it forms a Lake, in many places above 2 leagues wide, but
Streighten'd in One by 2 points. So that it was not above Two miles
wide. On the northern point was Port St. Francis, and on the Soutnern
point that of Picolata. He landed in the ni^t, and thought to have
Surprised the latter: But after Several hours firing, and 3 being
wounded, he found he could not carry it without cannon. So return'd.
On New years day, I set out with a Party of the Regiment,
accompany'd by Capt. Hugh Mackay, (343) Capt. Desbrisey, Lieut. Dunbar,
and Ensigns Mace, Mackay, Sutherland & Maxwell, and Adjutant Hugh Mackay,
the Rangers, Paunee Mico with the Chickesaws, and Capt. Gray the Uchee
King with the Nchees and Howitt, Hillispilli & lx Santouchy with the
Creeks, Mr. Mathews, Mr. Jones, 1 Periagua, 13 boats, and a Small
99 (3^3)
Privateer Sloop, who went in at the Hiver Alata.
On the 7th having got over many difficulties, by day breah, the
Indians Surprised & burnt the Port Picolata, the Spaniards having
abandon'd it.
At 10 the Same day, I lauded, and invested St. Francis de Pupa,
with the Indians & ^angers, & formed the Regular Troops, and landed 4
pieces of Cannon, posted them, & mark'd out a battery in Such manner
that they were Shelter'd from the Sight of the garison, by the woods.
In the mean time the Indians advanc'd as near as they could
under the Shelter of Trees, Some of which Stood within 100 yards of the
Port, but in most places the ground was clear'd 3OO yards round. The
Indians fired very briskly upon the Port, and the Spaniards return'd
the Same very hotly, till tovfards 3 a clock, when their fire lessen'd
considerably. This kept the Spaniards So amused, that they did not
discover our men at the Batteries, So that they work'd undiscoverd till
5 si a clock, when the Spaniards began to fire upon them, but the breast
work being then finish'd, they did no mischief. Before Sunset, the
Battery fired on the Fort, when I offer'd them terms; but they refus
ing, the Canons fired a Second time, which had So good an^ effect, that
they cry'd out for Quarter, became prisoners of War, & Surrender'd the
Port with 2 pieces of Cannon, 1 Mortar, 3 Swivel guns, I50 Shells, a
number of fidCxxscx^ glass bottels fill'd with powder and artificial fire
works, a Sufficient quantity of Amunition, provisions &c for a long
defence, (3^)
The Port consisted of a Strong new built Tower about JO foot
high, 16 foot Square within, with a Manchicolis above, which flank'd the
100 (344)
foot of the Tower; without that, a Rampart faced with timber a foot
thick & 12 foot high, fill'd tip within Side with 6 foot Earth, But the
garrison was very weak, consisting only of a Sergeant, a Corporal, 9
Soldiers & 1 Indian, the Governour having Since the first Inroad with
drawn the garrison from Picolata, & part of tha,t from Fupa. They
formerly consisting of a Comnission'd Office, and 30 Men.
I left a garrison in this place, and have added to the Eortification, it being of gaeat consequence. Since thereby the comunication with
the Creek Indians is Secured, and their means of invading the Northern
parts of the Colony is taken away, and if any party of horse comes from
Carolina, they may be here Shelter'd, till ferry'd over, and Picolata
at which they land, is within 21 miles of Augustine, and the Country
between is full Stock'd with Cattle & horses.
I have receiv'd Some letters from the Trustees relating to the
Title of lands, which I wish may not give room to the troublesome peoples
making new Cavils. I ha,ve not yet had time to consider well of it, but
think it would be right to take tiifem into mature consideration, that at
the Same time th^y are publish'd, they may be thoroughly explain'd to the
people, and thereby dissentions at this critical jtincture be prevented.
I am
Sir
Your very humbe. Servt.
Oglethoipe
I desire you would Shew this letter to Mr. Jones. I have Sent Mr.
Horton to England, & Capt. Heron to Charlestown, to Soliscite assis
tance for the Seige of Augustine, and other matters for the Safety of
the Province.
101 (3^5)
By the examination of the prisoners, which confirms former In
formations, the Castle of Augustine is a Fort "built of Soft Sone, with
4 Bastions, the Curtain 60 yards in length, the Parapet 9 foot thick,
the Eaupart 20 foot high, casmated underneath for lodgings, and arched
over, & newly made Bomh proof. There are 50 pieces of Canon mounted in
the Castle; they have "been Some time working on a coverd way, which
is not yet finishd. Sixteen of the Canon are "brass, and Some 24
pounders. The Town is intrenchd with 10 Saillant Angles, in each of
which are Some Small cannon.
The Forces in Florida consist by Establishment
Officers &
Men in each
1 Troop of horse. 100
1 Coii5)y. of Artillery. 100
3 Independent Companys of old troops,
each 100. 300
2 Companys of the Eegimt. of Asturias
each 53. 106
1 Conip.any of "Valencia. 53
1 Coa^any of Catalonia. .. . 53
2 Companys of Cantabria each 53 106
2 Companys of Mercia each 53. 106
Armed Negroes. 200
White Transports for labour ..... 200
1324
Militia of Inhabitants 1 Conpany
Indians, the niuaber uncertain
102 (353)
Coll. Oglethorpe to Mr. Jo. Mackintosh Moore, & the Eevd. Mr. Macleod
of Darien
Frederica 18 Feh. 1739/^0
Gentlemen
Mr. Whitfeild has offer'd to take care of the Orphan family that
is at yo-ur place. If they are So Small as you are desirous to have em
removed, you may Send them down to him: hut if you are desirous to have
them Stay, they will he continued on their Allowance. I leave this
entirely to your determination, and am
Gentlemen
Yr. very humhe. Servt.
James Oglethorpe
Mr. Jo. Mackintosh Moore & Mr. Macleods answer to Col. Oglethorpe
Darien 18 fehy. 1739.40
Eonhe. Sir
We ha<i the honour of yours of 17. Currt. With regard to the
Orphans in this place: But as Mr. Whitfeild has a grant from the
Trustees to take care of the Orphans in this Colony, We will not take
upon us to oppose it, especially as we expect he will educate them,
which is all at present from
Honhe. Sir
Yr. Excellencies most humhe. Servts.
Jo. Mackintosh Moore. Macleod.
103 (355)
Frederica 20 Fe'by. 1739/^0
reed. 2. May
Honlie. Gentlemen
It would "be unpardonable in me to pass "by the first opport^juaity
that Offer'd, & not return you njy hearty thanks for, and an acknowledg
ment of the provision made for me in yoixr Estimate of this year.
I have made a Representation of the present State of affairs,
which are consistent with my Instructions, to the proper people
appointed for that purpose, hy whom yoixr Honours will be better in
formed.
I shall always do my utmost in the Offices you have been pleased
to honour me with, both for forwarding your good designs, & the Success
of the Colony, in performance of which I hope to merit the contin\isnce
of your favoturs.
I am
Honoured Gentlemen
Yoiir most obliged & most
humbe. Servt.
Thomas Hawkins
(373) On board the Savanah Capt.
Gladman bound from Savannah
for Philadelphia
April 7- 17^
Gentlemen
104 (373)
I wrote to you ty Capt. lEhompson, as also from Charlestovm, &
hope to receive a Satisfactory answer to both the first opportunity.
I am now going to Philadelphia to raise fresh Supplies for the Orphan
house, arifi think it my duty with all honesty and plainess/ to acquaint
you of the declining State the Colony of Georgia at present is in.
Since my arrival, I have been at Frederica and Darien, as well
as at Savannah, & Scarce know wch. is the worst. Frederica is wholly
kept up by the Soldiery, & that too I fear by their Intemperance.
Very few as I could hear of intended planting any Corn; Scarce the
form of Religion was to be Seen amongst them, & but little content I
fear in the minds of the people.
She Darien Inhabitants I find depend more on Sawing than plant
ing, I Scarce Saw a garden with any thing in it thro the whole Town.
I made Some proposals to Mr. Macleod to build them a Church, but he dis
suaded me from it, because he Said it was uncertain whether the people
would continue there or not.
Savannah is deserted more and more every day. It is chiefly if
not wholly kept up by the money I expend for my biiildings & family.
The Moravians, by far the most pious & industrious people in the
Province are now ell gone, & I hear almost daily of fresh families that
intend to leave it very quickly. God willing, I propose planting near
20 Acres this Season, but I cannot hear of any One that intends to do
the like. And judge You, Gentlemen, how impossible it will be for a
Colony to Subsist long on its present footing, which is already in a
pitiable condition. (374)
It was reported that one of the Eonbe. Trustees was coming over.
105 (3?^)
I wish it was true, & So do many others, for then you might have a f-ull
Account of the nakedness of the land.
I assure you Gentlemen, I woxild do any thing that lay in ny power
to preserve the Province: Por that reason I have "begun the Orphan
house and the Church, "but cannot undertake to finish the latter, \inless
you are pleased to remit me the money given for tha,t purpose.
I Should, I believe, bring many friends over JDgk wth. me to
Settle: but at present the Conditions are So hard. tha,t I think to
take tp land in Pensilvanea for erecting a Negroe School, & providing
for all whom I intend to bring over with me at my next return from
England.
God willing, as Soon as I have traded our Sloop & collected more
money, I propose going to Savannah, and perhapps may leave Georgia in
order to come to England the latter end of this year or the beginning
of the next.
I Still pray God to direct and r\ale your hearts, & am
Gentlemen
Yr, very humbe. Servant
George ^i^Mtfeild
(375) Oil board the Savanah 9 April 17^0
Gentlemen
Since my writing the letter dated the 7th. inst. Mr. Seward is So
kind as to consent to be the bearer of it himself. He can acquaint you
in person of the State of the Colony, take your answers to former
106 (375)
letters, & bring over the remainder of the money given for building the
Church. Be pleased to msJce all possible dispatch, because Mr. Seward
intends returning very Speedily.
If the Clergyman whom I have Sent for comes over, you need not
Send over another Minister, the Parish of SaveJinah will be then taken
care of either by him, or
Hond. Gentlemen
Yr. very humbe. Servant
George bTiitfeild
(377) reed. 24 June
On Board the Savannah 9 April 1740
My Lord
Mr, Sev/ard the bearer of this, will inform you of the State of
poor Savannah, and also of the letters I have sent to the Honble.
Trustees. I doubt not, my Lord, of your willingness to do any thing
for promoting the good of the Colony, and therefore beleive your Lordship will take care that all possible dispatch may be given to the
Business about which he comes over When matters are brought to an
Extremity, there is hopes then they will amend I yet hope well of
Georgia, tho at so low an Ebb, but I verily beleive the Constitution
must first be alterd, and the Inhabitants and Managers of it taught
that unless the Lord be consulted and his Glory first designed, all
human Schemes for Establishing / a Colony will prove in vain That
107 (377)
all concerned in publick affairs may Act from this principles, and that
yo-ur Lordship in particular may do every thing with Singleness of heart
as unto Christ is the hearty Prayer of
My Lord
Yr. Lordships most obliged
humble Servant
George Whitfield
(385) Extract of a Letter from Savannah in Georgia dated 15- April
17^0.
This day a large Party of the Cherokee Indians arrived here,
having marched 50 miles; They are the stoutest Warriours of that
Nation, and under the Command of one of their Chiefs called, the Raven,
from his Vigilance and Courage. They embark to morrow, and proceed
under General Oglethorpe's Command against the %aniards. We have
received Advices, that on the 20th of this month, the King of the
Chickesaws marches from his Town with all his Men, and the Uchee King
sets out about the same time. These two Nations join the Creeks, and
are to march over Land to Port St. Francis de Pupa, where the General
has appointed the Indian Nations to rendezvous and he is to meet them
there. It is but twenty miles from thence to Augustine.
Extract of a Letter from Charles Town dated 23d. April 17h0.
The Colchester Man of War and Store Ship met with such bad
108 (385)
Weather at Sea, that they seperated; The Store Ship is arrived here safe
and the Man of Wax put into Virginia, (386) where She waits for some
Repairs. The Men of War now here, in readiness to assist the General
are, the Hector a ^0 Gun Ship, the Hamhorough a 20 Gtm. Ship, the Tartar
a 20 Gun, and the Wolf Sloop.
There are crazing aoout Augustine to prevent Supplies being
carried in; The Squirrel a 20 Gun Ship, the Phonix a 20 Gun Ship, and
the Spence Sloop.
The Indians are come down to ensist the General in large Numbers,
and the recruiting Work goes on here pretty briskly.
(389) Mr. Norris to Mr. Verelts
Frederica May 7th. 1740
Sir
As I had been much fatigued and hurryed when Captain Thomson
sailed, in the settling my affairs at Savannah, and my frequent Journeys
between the Nothern and Southern Parts of the Colony, the whole weight
of the Ministerial Labotirs lying on me, I was obliged to put off my
writing to the Honble. &c the Trxistees by that opportunity. Since I
came hither I looked for that leisure which would allow me to acquaint
them with the Spirittial State of the Colony, a Copy of my Eegister, an
Acct. of the Publick Libraries, and many other matters, which I should
recommend to their Attention. But as oixr Colonies here are engaged in
an offencive War against the Spaniards, General Oglethorpe thinks it
109 (389)
necessary I should attend the People on their Eacpedition against St,
Augustine, I hari not an hours notice hereof before the General sailed,
and I e^^ect hoxirly to he called upon to go with the remaining Bodj' of
Troops which are ready to embark, so that I am obliged to put every
thing out of my hands. However I hope Coll, Stephens has from time to
time acquainted the Trustees with the most material Circumstances of
what might have happened here, which will, I doubt not, prepare them to
enter upon such Resolutions as may reform the abuses which have too much
prevailed here,
I beg leave to obtain the favour of making my Duty and Compli
ments known to my Lord Bgmont, and the Eevd, Mr. Smith and to assure
them that I shall take the first opportunity of acknowledging the
favour of their kind Letters, and acquainting them with whatever may be
agreeable or Usefull. I am. Sir
Yr, most obedient Servant
Willm. Norris
To Eenjn. Martyn Esqr,
Charles Town in S, Carolina I3 May
1740
We have advice that the Spaniards have made the Castle of St,
Augustine Bomb-proof, that 1100 of them are in Garrison there, that the
Walls of this Portress are fifty foot high, and all the water about the
plane has been poisoned; So that the Army, its thought, will meet with
some difficulties in this Expedition,
no (393)
Two Transports are Sailed with Some Troops from the above Pro
vince, to he landed near St. Augustine.
His Majestys Ships the Phoenix and Spence are also Sailed that
way, and some more troops will soon be sent thither. The Same letter
adds, that Capt. Colebatch was arrived from England with 600 Barrels of
Gun-powder, Mortars, Shells, and all other necessaries fit for Bombard
ing, with 1000 Small Arms. And that on the 11th of April arrived at
Charles Town, Mr. Ilyre, Capt. Brown, and Capt. Holmes, with a large
Parigr of the Chief Warriors of the Cherokee Indians: These being
in^jatient for War, came first; others of the same Nation are to follow;
Several of them have killed 20 or 30 with their oi-m hands in
different Battles, General Oglethorpe arrived in the night from
SavsJinah to meet them, and proceeded for the Spanish Frontiers, whether
Several Nations of Indians, Vizt. the Uchees, Cliickesaws, and Talapooses,
are on their Marfih to join them.
(397) Sort St. George at the Mouth of the River St. Johans or
Matheo l4th. May 1740,
On the 9'fch General Oglethorpe pass'd into Florida, Caript upon the
Spanish side of the Piver St. Johan's and then Sent the Indians to
reconnoitre the Country, they brought in a Negro Prisoner which they
had taken near Port St, Diego, as also Letters from St. Augustine, 2
Sloops Arived with his Stores and some of the Regiment from Frederica,
and 4 Scooners with Stores from Charles Town and Captain Lieutenant
Maxwell and Ensign Beaumire with a Detachment of the Carolina. Regiment.
111 (397)
On the 10th in the Morning he inarched for Tort St. Diego and
encamped that Night at Lacanila halfway to Augastine, where he was
obliged to lea\e his Cannon the Sands being deep having no Horses to
draw them the Men could not carry them farther.
Captain Lieutenant Maacwell with a Party of the Hegimental Troops
and of the Carolina Regiment and Captain Brovm with (398) A party of
the Cherokee Indians to Invest the Fort and they Arived before it, about
the Middle of the night they Approached as near as they could and burnt
the House nearest to it, about daybreak they attacked it with great
Bravery, but the Ground being all Clear for 500 Yards round the
Spaniards fired very Strongly upon them with Cannon and Small Armes, so
that they were Obligd to retire, the General came up about 10 in the
morning and sent out the Indians to hunt up the Spaniards Horses, and
Cattle, he rode round with a very Few in Company to View the Works and
on the farthur side the place discovered 4 Spanish Horsemen he orderd
two Men to Charge them, who wounded one, took his horse and the rest ran
away. The Spaniards Continued forcing and the General surrounded the
Place with Guards and Gentries.
On the 12th in the Morning he sent one of the Spanish Prisoners
with a Drum to Summon the Garrison who Acquainted them v/ith the Kind
treatment he had received upon which they Offerd to treat, on which the
General Spoke to the Troops of both Regiments who were drawn up in Line
of Battle and the Indians and asked them if they were willing to give
up their Claim of Plunder & to Admit the Spaniards to a Capitulation
they with one Voice agreed to a Capitulation the Articles of which were
(399) 1st. That the Garrison should xad surrender Prisoners of
112 (399)
War and Deliver up the Fort with the Cannon and Stores to the Kin^ of
Great Brittain.
2d. That they should have Liberty of keeping their Baggage and
not he Plundred.
3d. That Seigr. Diego Spinosa to whom the Fort belonged being
built at his Charge and on his Lands, should hold hxs Slaves, Lands, &
such other Effects as were not already Plunderd in the field,
4th. That all Deserters and Negroe Runaways from Carolina should
not have the Benefit of this Capitvilation but be surrenderd to Dis
cretion.
The Garrison marchd out anc. Lieut. Dunbar Ensign Southerland
and Ensign Hogan of the Genls. Regiment and Lieut. Sauseur of the
Carolina Regmt. with a Party from both took Possession of the Fort and
of 9 Swivel Guns 2 Large Carriage Guns some Powder & Bullets & 70 Small
Armes ye latter of which were given to the Indians, the feigrtsntk
Capitvilation was Strictly kept. As soon as the Gate was taken Possision
of, an Alarm came that Succours were come by water, & the Horse by Land
to relieve the Garrison on which the Generali marched isx imediately
to meet them the Indians discovered some Horsemen who imediately ran
away and the General marching to the Landing Place which was 3 Miles from
the Fort found 2 large Launches that (400) iowd with 20 Oars each, but
the men had forsook then and the Guns v/ere gone, the Indians followd
them upon the Track, but they got into such thickety ground that they
could not overtake them, the Indians took the 3 Horses & one of the Men,
that escaped from the General, & between 40 & 50 Horses & Mares in the
Country and they and all the Troops live Plentifvilly upon fatt beef the
113 (^00)
Land is mostly fine Savanas wh. fish water ponds, there was very fine
wheat grown, in Diego Spinosas Faim, & some Vines & a Plantation and
good houses belonging to Don Pedro, about a Mile from it, & several
other Houses and Stocks of Cattle about the Covintry.
This Port is within 8 Hours march of Augustine.
(40l) 19 May 17^0 The following Accovint has been lately received
from the Camp of Florida in America.
That General Oglethoip)e passed into Florida over the Eiver St.
Mathoo otherwise St. Johan the 9th of May 1740, and sent a Body of
Indians to reconnoitre the Country, who brou^t in a Negroe Prisoner
takien near St. Diego; the same day two Sloops from Frederica and four
Scooners from Charles Town arrived with Stores and detachments of Men.
The next day the General Marched for Fort St. Diego and encamped that
Hi^t at Lacanela half way to Augustine, and sent a Party of the Troops
and Indians to Invest the Fort, where they Arrived about the Middle of
the Hi^t and at Day Break attacked it with great Bravery; But the
Spaniards firing very Briskly upon them with Cannon and small Arms, they
were obliged to retire. At ten in the Morning the General came up, and
sent out the Indians to drive up the Spaniards Horses and Cattle; whilst
the General was Viewing the Works a Party of the Spanish Horse appeared
but upon their being charged and one of them wounded, they retired and
one of their Horses was taken; after which the General surrounded the
Place with Guards and Gentries; And on the 12th in the Morning sent
(with a Drum) a Spanish Prisoner formerly taken to Summon the Garrison;
114 (401)
who acquainted them with the kind Treatment he and the other Prisoners
had received, upon which they offered to Treat, and a Capit'ulation was
agreed to on the following Conditions.
1st. That the Garrison should Surrender Prisoners of War and
deliver up the Fort with the Cannon and Stores to the King of Great
Britain.
2d. That they should have liberty of keeping their Baggage and
not he Plunder'd.
3d. That Signior Diego Spinosa to whom the Fort belongs, (being
Built at his Charge and on his Lands) should hold his Slaves Lands and
such other Effects, as were not already Plundered in the Field.
^ 4. That all Deserters and Negro Runaways from Carolina should
not have the Benefit of this Capitulation, but be Surrender'd to Dis
cretion. (402)
The Garrison Marched out, and Lieutenant Dunbar with three other
Officers and a Party of Men took possession of the Fort and of nine
Swivel Guns two large Carriage Guns some Powder and Bullets and Seventy
Small Arms; the latter of which were given to the Indians As soon as
the Gate was taken possession of an Alarm came that succours were come
by Water and the Horse by Land to releive the Garrison, on which the
General marched immediately to meet them, the Indians discovered some
Horse-men who immediately ran away, and the General marching to the
landing place which is three Miles from the Fort, found two large
Launces that rowed with Twenty Oars each, but the Men had forsook them
and the Guns were gone; The Indians followed them upon the Track but
they got into Thickety Ground so that they only took three Horses and
115 (^02)
one of the Men, and afterwards between Forty and Fifty Horses and Maxes
in the Country; And they and all the Troops live Plentifully upon fat
Beef, The ^and is mostly fine Savannas with fresh Water Ponds, there was
very fine Wheat growing in Diego Spinosa's Farm and some Vines, and a
Plantation and good House belonging to Don Pedro about a Mile from it,
and several other Houses and Stocks of Cattle about the Country. This
Fort is within ei^it hours March of Augustine.
After the taking Fort St. Diego General Oglethorpe marched out
an Additional Intrenchment to be made there left Lieutt. D-unbar with a
Garrison of Fifty Men and returned to the Eiver St. Mathoo with a few
Horse, leaving the rest of the Detachment to March at leisure, who
guarded dovni Fifty Prisoners, and he went over to St. George's Fort the
13th at Night.
On the 15th he passed the Eiver with the whole Corps Baggage
And Artillery and orderd the Can^) to be marked out at the Mouth of the
Eiver St. Mathoo in Florida. In the Evening he marched with the Highland
Conpany of Foot, and a Party of the Eegiment under the Command of Gaptn.
Mackay as a Convoy with Provisions to Fort Diego. (403) Enemy
Indians from a Wood, near the Fort, fired upon and killed a Servant who
was leading the General's Horse, The General with the Highlanders and
Troops entered the Woods on Foot and pursued the Indians six Miles to the
Fort of Moosa which is Eighteen Miles from St. Diego. There appeared a
Body of Horse and Foot and two Launces on the Eiver but they retired as
soon as the English came within tv/o Miles of them. The Eangers pursued
and took Thirty Horses and took Possession of several Spanish Houses
which the General preserved from burning some of them being very spacious
116 (403)
and good Building fit for Jjoarters for the ^ick &C the same day the
Generals Horse was killed. They all returned to Port St, Diego the same
light having Marched thirty six miles that day.
On the 18th the General returned to the River St, Mathoo, the
same day Commodore Pearce of the Hamhorou^ and Captn, Fanshaw of the
Phoenix came to an anchor near the Barr to confer with the General; The
Commodore having left Sr, Yelverton Pej/ton of the Hdctor and Captn,
Wsirren of the Squirrell to Block up the Bar of Augustine,
On the 19th in the morning the General went on hoard the Commo
dore and they returned together on Sheare, about Midnight three Indians
came to the General with advice that Fort St, Diego was attacked hy the
Spaniards, they having heard several Guns fired, whereupon the General
marched with some of the Troops, and found the same to he an Alarm
occasioned hy the Garrison and the Indians who were in the Woods firing
their Arms to clear them after the Rain; hut being there the General
marked out a Caa^ and on the 22d at night returned to the River St,
Mathoo to carry up the rest of the Troops to Fort St, Diego.
(409) From the Camp in Florida 24th of May 1740.
After the taking Fort St, Diego General Oglethorpe marked out an
additional! Intrenchment to he made there left Lieut. Dunbar with a
Garrison of 50 Men and returned to the River St. Matheo with a few Horse
leaving the rest of the Detachment to march a.t leisure, who guarded
down 50 Prisoners He went over to St. Georges on the 13th at Night
where Major Cook, Captn. Heron, Capt. McKay and Capt, Deshrisay were
117 (^09)
arrived with part of the Regment and also some of the Carolina Regi
ments. On the 15th he passed the River with the whole Corps Baggage
and Artillery and ordered the Camp to he mark'd out at the Mouth of the
River St. Matheo in Florida. In the Evening he march'd with the High
land CoBQ)any of foot and a Party of the Regiment vinder the Command of
Capt. McKay, Lieut. Delagall and Ensign McKay as a Convoy with Provi
sions to Port Diego. On the l6th as the Convoy arrived within sight of
Port Diego, the Enemy Indians from a Wood near the Port fired upon and
kil'd a Servant who vras leading the Genls. Horse & cat of his head, The
General with the highlanders & Troops enter'd the Wood on foot and (4l0)
Pursued the Indians so hard that they forced them to drop the head, and
followed them to the Fort of Moosa, within 6 Miles and 18 Miles from St.
Diego. There appear'd 2 Spanish Laxinches on the River, & a Body of
Horse and foot hut they retired as soon as the English came within 2
Miles of them. The Rangers Pursued and took 30 Horses & took Possession
of several Spanish Houses, which the Generali Preserved from burning,
some of them being very Spacious, and good Building fit for Quarters for
the Sick &c; 0 one of the General's horses was killed and his Cloak
Shot thro' in several Places. They all returned to Port St. Diego the
same Right having march'd 36 Miles thsat day; On the 18th the General
returned to the River St. Matheo the same day Commadore Pearse in his
Majesty's Ship the Flamborou^, and Capt. Fanshaw in his Majesty's Ship
the Phoenix, came to an Anchor near the Barr to Confer with the General,
The Commadore had left Sr. Yelverton Peyton in his Majesty's Ship the
Hector, and Capt. V/arren 0 in his Majestys Ship the Squirel to block up
the Bar of Augustine. On the 19th in the Morning the General went on
118 (410)
Board the Commedore, and (4ll) they returned together on Shore, about
midni^t 3 Inds. came to him with Advices, that they saw firing from the
Woods near- Fort Diego, & firing from the Fort that the Place being
attack'd by the Spaniards they would not Venture near but came to give
Notice.
The General immediately ordered a Detachment to March under
Capt. Heron and the Troops to get ready For Marching the next morning
each man to carry Six days Provisions. On the 20th he followed Coll.
Coch Cap. Norbury, and Desbrisay, Lieut, Demare Ensigns, Mackay, Tolson,
Mace, Sutherld. and &iaaaarA Stewart, Sergeants, Corporalls, Drums and
180 Private Men of the Regular Troops. The whole Company of Highland
Foot under the Comand of Capn, McEintosh and ^nsign Charles McKay
Collonell Vander Dussen, Lieutenant Col. Le Jiau Major CoHeton, Captain
Lafitte, Capt, MicEall Capt. Lieut. Maxwell Lieutenants Izards, Cadogan/
Inclaek end Parmentor, & Ensigns Gough, Blueraer Dawsey and Ladson v:ith a
detachment of 250 Private men of the Carolina Regiment They did not
get out till 10 in the morning when it was already grown hot, by reanon
(4l2) of the delay in getting out the Provisions They DMxJdbt marh'd to
Laeanela where the regular Troops & the Carolina Regiment halted till
sun set, beir^ excessively Fatigued with the heat of the day, but the
General with the Highland Company march'd on and overtook Capt. Heron,
and before s'on set arrived within Sight of Fort Diego and sent a De
tachment to See how all things Stood they return'd All Well and that
it was a false Alarm, occasioned by the Garrison and the Indians who
were in the Woods firing their Arms to Clean them after the Rain, which
the Hunters returning mistook The General marked out a Camp and on the
119 (^12)
22d. at Night returnd hither to carry up the rest of the Troops to
Fort Diego.
(413) Wrote at Sea June 4. 1740 on Board
the George Capt. ell hound from
Philadelphia to London - to he put in
the Post on my landing at Dover or Deal.
To the Honhle. Trustees for Establishing the Colony
of Georgia iijjAmerica
Gentlemen/
I am sent to England at this time hy Mr. Whitfield, among other
things to take over a friend to Supply his place at the Orphan House and
in Savannah - while he comes to England himself in the Spring his
work is so great he cannot well leave it without We having above 70
in Family and are daily increasing the Charge is also great hut
the lord provides richly for us so that we have lack of nothing V/e
Collected 1 70 Seri, at one Sermon in Oharles Town and L l40 Sterl. at
two Sermons in Philadelphia besides other lesser Collections
I am also to bring over the money which lies in your hands for
Building the Church at Savannah on the Credit of v/hich Genl. Ogle
thorpe at my proposal Joined with me in drawing each of us a Bill of
L 150 in order to begin that work which Mr, Whitfield has undertaken to
carry on and finish before I knew of my coming over Mr. Whitfield
drew a Bill upon you to Eeimburse me and put it in his brother Capt,
120 (413)
Whitfields hands who we met at Charles Town Yonr payment of v/hich
hill, will now he superseded hy my coming in Ixsa Person to receive it.
I em farther to acquaint you of the State of the Colony which is
nov/ almost wholly upheld hy the Ornhan house and Soldiery, most of those
who have no concern in (4l4) either, and are not immediately dependant
upon your Honours having left it or are about to leave it, I bbis
except the Saltzhergers at Ehenezer where I had not opportunity to go
hut was informed they did pretty well with some assistance from their
Friends abroad
It is thoToght that the proper means under God of Sstahlishing
^4e Colony are principally 3 Vizt 1st. An allowance of Hegroes.
2d. a Free title to the Lands and 3^- 3^^ Indenendant Magistracy
that is to Say such as are able and v/illine to serve without Fee or
Howard.
As to the first Mr. Whitfield is of opinion Hegroes may Lawfully
he used, there being Slaves both under the Law and Q-ospel Dispensetidn --
and tha.t it is the abuse and not the Use of Hegroes which is Criminal
As to the 2d. It cannot be expected persons will bring their
Fortunes and Familys and bestow their labour without an absolute free
Clear and unlimited Title to their Lands while there are many
hundred Thousand Acres of as good or better Land in South and Horth
Carolina. Unoccupyd, to be taken up on a Free Clear Title and a Free
use of Eegroes. I do not mean that the lands should be clear from Q,uit
Rents or Governmt. lazes which the Lands in other Provinces are Subject
to. but that they should be put upon an equall footing As to the
last means of a Free Magistracy I Suppose yoxir Honours will be glad to
121 (4l4)
find persons qualified as aforesaid who will \mdertake to execute the
same, ETow I heleive I can answer for two: that are "both atle. and tha.t
would accept of the office, purely for the good of the Colony and the
Benefit of their Fellow Creatures and would Act Impartially without
respect of persons tho they are Intirely ignorant of my Proposal which
I heleive is the farthest from (415) their thoughts I mean
Mr. John Brownfield and Mr. William Woodrooff.
As I design to take my Daughter over to he Educated in the
Orphan House. I am willing to tah:e up 500 Acres of Land ad.ioining
thereto, provided I may have a 5:06 Title and liberty for me or vsy
Heirs to leave it to the Orphan House or otherwise dispose of it as we
shall think fit
For Biy part Gentlemen I have (thro Grace) given up my Self and
Eortme to assist Mr. Whitfield in his generous Undertakings, for the
good of mankind end therefore (the Lord knoweth ay heart) I have no
other view hut the glory of God and the Good of the Colony which I
heleive will Settle apace if the Means^ abovementioned are used I am
perswaded in that Case, many persons of Substance would bring their
Iamilys and fortune and Voluntarily settle there which on the present
footing they will not do.
Pensilvannia is the most Elourishing Colony in Americaii there
being 70 Houses built last year in Philadelphia, and Tovms are Settling
every year, because Peace and Plenty Reigns there. Eor this Cause I
have Just laid out 2200 i upon 5000 Acres of the best land in the
Province, which is taken up in Mr. Whitfields name in Order to Erect a
Hegroe School upon, and to Settle such English friends whose Hearts God
122 (415)
shall incline to go over and where they may worship God in their own
way without being thou^t Enthusiasts for so doing This also they may
do in Georgia and therefore when the obstacles which now hinder are
Removed, I doubt not but many will like to go to Georgia, as well as
Pensilvania. but till then we cannot advise any so to do I shall be
in Tovm by the Will of God in a day or two after this comes to your
Office and if you please to Order yo\3r Secretary to write me a line or
Two when I shall wait upon (4l6) you I will come and bring with me a
Letter I have for you from Mr, Whitfield I wrote this now that my
Business, may be dispatched the sooner because I must hasten back to
Georgia as fast as possible.
I am
Be pleased to order yoxxr
Secretary to direct for
me at Mr. John Brays,
Brasion in Little Britain
London
May the Lord direct your Consultations
Gentlemen
Your very humble
tho unv/orthy Servant
William Seward
(417) 4 June 1740
The Manner of the Childrens spending
their time at the Orphan House in
Georgia
They rise about five o'clock, and each is seen to kneel down by
himself for a quarter of an hour, to offer up their private Prayers from
123 (^1?)
their ovm. hearts; diaring which time they are of ten Eadiorted what to
pray for, particularly that Jesus Christ would Convert them, and Change
their Hearts.
At Six all the Family goes to Church, where a Psalm is siing, and
the Second Lesson expounded hy Mr. V/hitfield, or in his absence, an
Exposition of it is read out of Henry or Burkitt by the President.
At our Eeturn home about 7, we Sing Bishops Ken's Morning Hymn;
and whoever is President of the House, uses Panily Prayer as the Spirit
gives him utterance, varying it according to the Circumstances we are
in, thanking the Almighty for past favours, and praying for a Supply of
whatever we then Stand in need of as to Temporals or Spirituals. Our
Doors are always open to Strangers, So that we are never without some of
the Parishioners at Family Prayer. Between Seven and eight we go to
Breakfast in the Same Room with the Children, who Sometimes Sing a
Bymn before. Sometimes after, and sometimes both before and after every
meal, as well as say Graces. During Breakfast the Business of the day
is talked of, and each appointed his Station, and perhapps Some usefull
Questions are asked the Children, or Exhortations gi\(en them.
From Eight to ten the Children go to their respective Employs, as
Carding, Spinning, picking Cotton or (4l8) Wool, Sev/ing, knitting. One
serves the Apothecary, who lives in the House, others Serve in the Store
or Kitchin; others clean the House, fetch Water, or Cut Wood. Some are
placed -under the ^aylor, who lives in the House; and we expect other
Tradesmen, as a Shoemaker, Carpenter, &c, to which others are to be
bo-und. As the Grace of God appee,rs in any, together with Suitable
Abilities, they are to be bred to the Ministry, and we have already one
124 (418)
or two in view for that purpose.
At Ten they go to School, some to writing. Some to res-ding. At
present there are two Hesters and one Mistress, iifho in teaching them to
read the Scripture, at the Same time estplain it to them, and Sing and
Pray with them more or less as they think fit, not by Form, but out of
their own hearts, whereby they teach both themselves and Children much
knowledge in the Scriptures, Exercise their Talents, and build each
other up in our most holy Faith.
At Noon we go to Dinner all in the same Boom, and between that
and two o'Clock every one is employed in something usefull, but no time
is allowed for Idleness or play, which are Satans darling hours to
tenpt Children to all manner of ^d.ckedness, as Lying, Cursing, Swearing,
Uncleaness &c. So that tho we are about 70 in Family, yet we hear no
more noise than if it was a private House.
From two till 4 they go again to School, as in the morning, and
from 4 to 6 to work in their Eespective Stations as before mentioned.
At Six the Children go to Supper, when the Master and Mistresss attend
to help them, and Sing with them, and watch over their words and
Actions. (419)
At Seven the Family all goes to Church, where is a Psalm and
Exposition after the Second lesson, as in the Morning service. And at
our Return about 8 many of the Parishioners come in to hear Mr, Whit
field Examine and Instruct the Children by way of Question and answer,
which perhgpps is as Edifying to ell present, as any of his Sermons or
Expositions, His main Business is to ground the Children in their
Belief of Original Sin, and to make them Sensible of their damnable
125 (419)
State by natxire, and the absolute Necessity of a Change to be wrought
on their Souls by the Power of God, before they can be in a Salvable
State, or have any real Eight to call themselves Cliristians; for this
purpose they are orderd to get by heart ye Excellent Articles of
Original Sjn. of Free V/ill. and of Justification.
At nine oOlock we go to Supper, and the Children up to their
Bed Hoorn, where some Person commonly sings and prays again with them;
before they go to Bed, each Boy, as in the morning, is seen to kneel by
his Bedside, and is order'd to pray from his own heart for a q.uarter of
an hour, Some person instructing them how to pray as in the morning; and
at ten o*Clock all the Family goes to Rest, unless any one or more
chooses to sit up an hour or two for their private Devotion, or Medita
tion, or Conference.
On the Lords Bay we all Bine on cold mea.t, prepared the day
before, because all may attend the Worship of God, which we have that
day four times at Church, which fills those kasss hours En^loyd at work
on the other days; and thus is our time all laid out in the service of
God, the variety of which is a Sufficient Relaxation to a well disposed
mind, and obviates (420) Ide Pretences for what is called Innocent,
(tho in Reality damnable) Recreations.
Here is no Room for pride or ambition, unless it be which shall
serve Christ most and best; for there is but one purse in the House, no
one having any other wages than Food and Raiment convenient for them, and
what need has any one for more? Indeed there is no visible Fund, because
all are taught daily to depend on, and Act their Faith in God, who having
begun the Work, will most Surely carry it on at the Orphan House, as well
as in every Believers Heartjl, /