Annual message to city council of Hon. Wallace J. Pierpont, mayor together with the reports of the city officers of the city of Savannah, Georgia, year ending December 31, 1915

ANNUAL MESSAGE
TO
CITY COUNCIL
OF
Hon. WALLACE J. PIERPONT
MAYOR
TOGETHER WITH THE
REPORTS OF THE CITY OFFICERS
OF THE
CITY OF SAVANNAH, GEORGIA
YEAR ENDING
DECEMBER 31
1915
OFFICIALS OF THE CITY FOR 1915 AND 1916
REPORTS Of PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS
BUDGETS FOR 1915 AND 1916
ORDINANCES PASSED DURING 1915 AND 1916
STATE LAWS RELATING TO SAVANNAH ENACTED 1915
PRESS OF
M. S. ft D. A. BYCK CO.
SAVANNAH.GA
INDEX
Page
Annual Message, The Mayor's'. ________ 39- 47
Acts of the Georgia Legislature 1914-1915, Relative to
Savannah ______________________ 457-473
Board of Tax Assessor's Report-.________ 385
Budget for the Year 1915_____________i___ 21- 24
Budget for the Year 1916_______ 35- 38
Building Inspector's Report..._______.. 392
Bacteriologist ________..___________ 507-542
City Government, 1915__________________ 11- 20
City Government, 1916__________________ 25- 34
City Attorney's Report_________:________ '377-383
Chief Engineer __________j__________ 239-293
*
City Marshal's Report___________________. 386-389
Clerk of Market, Report__________________ 390-391
City PhysiciansReport of
Dr.F. S. Belcher___________________ 556
Dr.L. J. Chedel____________________ 555
Dr. C. C. Middleton__________________ 553
Dr. Lloyd B. Taylor__________________ 554
City Dispensary _____________________ 565-575
Comptroller's Report __________________ 53-137
Department of Public Health______________ 475-575
INDEX (Continued)
Page
Electrical Inspector's Report_______________ 203-206
Electrical Examiners, Report Board of__________ 218-219
Fire Alarm Service, Report of______________ 207-210
Fire Department, Report of________________ 187-237
Fire Inspector's Report___________________ 211-213
Food Inspector's Report_________,________ 543-552
Gamewell System, Report of______________ 145-148
Health Department, Report of______________ 475-575
Health Officer _'______________________ 479-492
Harbor Master ______________________ 393-394
Index'_____________________________ 7-8-9
Investigation of Water Supply of Savannah,
See Appendix at end of book
Library. Report of, White_________________ 357-373
Library, Report of. Colored _______________ 3*74-376
Mayor's Annual Message___________________ 39- 47
Marshal's Report __________________________ 386-389
Market Report, Clerk of__________________ 390-391
Machinery, Superintendent, Report of___________ 217
Memorial to Mayor Davant_______________ 49- 51
Moving Picture Operators Examining Board______ 220
Oglethorpe Sanitorium _________ 557-558
Ordinances. Resolutions, Communications, and
Reports Adopted During the Year 1915____..__ 397-456
INDEX (Continued)
Page
Police Department _____________________ 139-186
Police Matron's Report__________________ 149-150
Police Surgeon _________________ 150
Park and Tree Commission________________ 307-340
Public Library, White__________..________ 357-373
Public Library, Colored ________________ 374-376
Playgrounds _'_______________________ 341-356
Park View Sanitarium _________________ 559-560
Plumbing Inspector ____________.__.__ 563-564
Recorder _________________________ _ 395
Sinking Fund, Report of____________ 384
Savannah Hospital, Report of______:______ 561-562
St. Joseph's Hospital, Report of______________ 557
Tax Assessor's Report___________________ 385
Water Supply of Savannah, Investigation of,
See Appendix at end of book
Water Works Department. Report of___________ 295-306

CITY GOVERNMENT
FOR THE
YEAR 1915

MAYOR AND ALDERMEN FOR 1915
MAYOR
R. J. DAVANT, died October 9
W. J. PIERPONT, elected October 18
CHAIRMAN OF COUNCIL
Alderman W. J. PIERPONT, to October 18
Alderman W. H. WRIGHT, from October 18
VICE-CHAIRMAN OF COUNCIL
Alderman W. H. WRIGHT, to October 18
Alderman J. C.-SLATER, from October 18
ALDERMEN
J. W. DANIEL
GEO. B. ELTON
J. E. FOY
H. L. KAYTON
JOSEPH A. LOGAN
H. H. LIVINGSTON
J. A. G. CARSON,
from October 27
W. J. PIERPONT,
resigned October 18
W. A. PIGMAN
E. A. M. SCHRODER
J. C. SLATER
W. W. WILLIAMSON
W. H. WRIGHT
COMMISSIONS
PARK AND TREE
P. D, DAFFIN, Chairman, term expires January 1, 1918.
T. H. McMILLAN, term expires January 1, 1919.
R. M. BUTLER, term expires January I, 1919.
CHARLES S. ELLIS, term expires January 1, 1916.
I. A. SOLOMONS, Secretary, term expires January 1, 1918.
PLAYGROUNDS
Mayor DAVANT
Aldermen SCHRODER, KAYTON
Mrs. W. L. WILSON, Mrs. GRACE MENDES
Miss JANE JUDGE
Messrs. GEORGE J. BALDWIN, N. B. F. CLOSE
JOHN R. DAVIS, WILLIAM J. FLOOD
MARION LUCAS, LEO MORISSEY
H. F. MYERS, G. M. OLIVER
W. G. SUTLIVE, W. J. STEWART
Rev. GEORGE SOLOMON, Rev. JOHN S. WILDER
PILOTAGE
JAMES M. BARNARD, Chairman, term expires February 13,
1920.
E. A. ARMAND, Secretary, term expires February 13, 1923.
GEORGE F. ARMSTRONG, term expires February 13, 1917.
J. FLORANCE MINIS, term expires February 13, 1918.
JOSEPH HULL, term expires February 13, 1919.
WILLIAM W. WILLIAMSON, term expires February 13, 1921.
VAN B. AVERY, term expires February 13, 1922.
MASSIE SCHOOL
HON. R. J. DAVANT
F. R. CASSELS H. C. SHUPTRINE
COMMISSIONS(Continued)
SINKING FUND
GEORGE J. MILLS, Chairman
LEOPOLD ADLER JOHN F. PAULSEN
CHARLES G. BELL
(One vacancy, January 1, 1915)
BOARD FOR CONSTRUCTION NEW PUBLIC
LIBRARY BUILDING
Mayor DAVANT
Aldermen SCHRODER, PIGMAN
Messrs. F. G. BELL, JOHN G. BUTLER
ROBERT FECHNER, A. B. HULL, A. R. LAWTON
W. W. MACKALL, J. W. MOTTE
JOHN M. THOMAS
Architect H. W. WITCOVER
BOARD OF MANAGERS FOR PUBLIC LIBRARY
(Appointed by the City of Savannah)
H. W. WITCOVER, JOHN M. THOMAS
G. ARTHUR GORDON, JOHN L. TRAVIS
WILLIAM M. DAVIDSON
(Appointed by the Georgia Historical Society)
WM. W. GORDON, CHARLES ELLIS
OTIS ASHMORE, H. WILEY JOHNSON
DR. THOS. J. CHARLTON
BOARD FOR CONSTRUCTION MUNICIPAL
AUDITORIUM
Mayor DAVANT to Oct. 9; Mayor PIERPONT from Oct. 18
Aldermen KAYTON, WILLIAMSON
Messrs.. GEORGE M. GADSDEN, GEORGE A GREGORY,
J. C. MANNING, THOMAS M. HOYNES, M. M. HOPKINS
Architect HENRIK WALLIN
STANDING COMMITTEES OF COUNCIL
FOR 1915
ACCOUNTS
Aldermen ELTON, LIVINGSTON, W1LLIAMSON
ASSESSMENTS
Aldermen LOGAN, SLATER, DANIEL, PIGMAN, SCHRODER
CITY LOTS AND OPENING STREETS
Aldermen SLATER, SCHRODER, PIGMAN
DRAINAGE
Aldermen KAYTON, FOY, LOGAN, SLATER, SCHRODER
FINANCE
Aldermen PIERPONT, WILLIAMSON, SLATER, FOY, KAYTON
FIRE
Aldermen PIGMAN, SLATER, WILLIAMSON, LOGAN, FOY
HARBOR AND WHARVES
Aldermen WILLIAMSON, LOGAN, ELTON
STANDING COMMITTEES OF COUNCIL FOR 1915
(Continued)
HEALTH
Aldermen DANIEL, L1VINGSTON, LOGAN
MARKET
Aldermen LIVINGSTON, DANIEL, KAYTON
NEAR BEER
Aldermen WRIGHT, SLATER, LIVINGSTON
PLAYGROUNDS
Mayor DAVANT
Aldermen SCHRODER, KAYTON
POLICE
Aldermen SCHRODER, ELTON, WRIGHT
PURCHASING BOARD
Mayor DAVANT
Aldermen PIERPONT, WRIGHT
Chief Engineer CONANT
STREETS AND LANES
Aldermen WRIGHT, FOY, PIGMAN, ELTON, SCHRODER
STANDING COMMITTEES OF COUNCIL FOR 1915
(Continued)
TRADE AND COMMERCE
Aldermen PIERPONT, FOY, DANIEL, WILLIAMSON, PIGMAN
WATER
Aldermen FOY, PIERPONT, KAYTON
SANITARY COMMISSIONERS
Aldermen DANIEL, WILLIAMSON
Citizens DR. W. R. DANCY, MR. JOSEPH SOLOMON
COL. BEIRNE GORDON
CITY OFFICERS, 1915
RICHARD J. DAVANT_________Mayor (Died October 9)
WALLACE J. PIERPONT______Elected Mayor October 18
THOMAS GAMBLE____________Secretary to the Mayor
THOMAS HALLIGAN_____________Clerk of Council
CHAS. V. HERNANDEZ_______Assistant Clerk of Council
HARRY J. NORTON__________Secretary Purchase Board
M. L. MELDRIM_________________Chief of Police
B. S. BRYANT_____________First Lieutenant of Police
J. F. BERNHARDT________Clerk of the Police Department
C. S. HARDEE___________________City Treasurer
G. B. PRITCHARD____________Assistant City Treasurer
JAMES FURSE_____________________Comptroller
E. R. CONANT____________________Chief Engineer
W. O'D. ROCKWELL________..Assistant Chief Engineer
JOHN ROURKE, JR.________________City Attorney
D. S. ATKINSON_____________Assistant City Attorney
MONTAGUE GAMMON________Director of Playgrounds
GEO. D. SEMKEN___________________City Marshal
J. H. PAPOT_________________Deputy City Marshal
DR. L. B. TAYLOR______________ ) White
DR. L. J. CHEDEL_______________ j City Physicians
DR. C. C. MIDDLETON___________. ) Colored
DR. F. S. BELCHER_____________. j City Physicians
GEO. LEWIN___________________Clerk of Market
E. B. HARTLEY____________Assistant Clerk of Market
THOS. H. LAIRD__________________Harbor Master
W. F. BRUNNER__________________Health Officer
V. H. BASSETT___________________Bacteriologist
C. J. MELVIN______________Chief Sanitary Inspector
D. C. GILLES________________Chief Food Inspector
THOMAS F. FLEMING______________Food Inspector
LEWIS BLISS, C. R. SHOUSE, J. T. WELLS,) Inspectors
G. W. ROBINSON, NAT HARRISON, J. E. I of Naval
REGISTER, J. F. BLISS, AND R. B. JEWETTJ Stores
JOHN R. EASON________________Building Inspector
A. B. LAROCHE_________Keeper Laurel Grove Cemetery
CITY OFFICERS 1915(Continued)
J. T. McCORMICK_______Keeper Bonaventure Cemetery
HENRY WILLIS (COL.) _____Keeper Laurel Grove Cemetery
J. D. HARAIS_______________Keeper City Dispensary
F. M. HULL______________________Port Warden
C. W. TANNER________________Plumbing Inspector
JOHN E. SCHWARZ___________________Recorder
L. A. EAST________Superintendent Scavenger Department
JOHN H. MONROE______Chief Engineer Fire Department
A. J. TOSHACH___Assistant Chief Engineer Fire Department
J. P. FIGG______Superintendent and Engineer Waterworks
G. NOBLE JONES____________Chairman Tax Assessors
D. T. ELLIOTT___________________ ) Tax
JOSEPH M. DREYER________________ j Assessors
J. CHRIS WERNTZ______________Custodian City Hall
BUDGET FOR THE YEAR 1915
Operating Expenses General Government:
Executive and Legislative:
Salaries of Aldermen and salaries and expenses of offices of Mayor and Clerk of
Council, including publishing of Council
Proceedings and of Mayor's annual report ___________________-__$ 20,400.00
Finance and Accounts:
Comptroller's office, salaries and expenses 7,120.00
Treasurer's office, salaries and expenses_ 9,925.00
Assessment of Taxes:
Tax Assessor's office, salaries and expenses _______-_____________ 5,187.13
Marshal's Office:
Salaries and expenses____-_ 6,150.00
Law Department:
Salaries and expenses 5,000.00
Municipal Building:
Salaries and expenses of custodian and
assistants, and fuel, lights, elevator operation and other expenses of City Hall
building, including clock expenses 6,300.00
Police Court:
Salaries of Recorder and of Clerk and
other expenses 3,550.00
Pensions:
Police department ___-_________ 4,886.40
Fire department _______________ 3,480.00
Highway and Sanitation departments_ 3,300.00
Widows and Orphans, Police aid Fire departments _________________ 2,304.00
Miscellaneous:
Salary and expenses of Building Inspector _______________ 1,735.00
Salary of keeper of powder magazine 300.00
Total General Government..____ $ 79,637.53
Police Department:
Salaries and expenses, including new uni- _-
forms and military reserve________ $ 160,000.00
Fire Department:
Salaries and expenses, including new uniforms and chimney sweeping expenses. 125,000.00
BUDGET FOR THE YEAR 1915(Continued)
Board of Health:
Salaries and expenses, office of health officer _____________________ 30,000.00
Salaries and expenses, bacteriological
laboratory _________________ 7,500.00
Salaries and expenses, plumbing inspector _____________________ 1,700.00 $. 39,200.00
Sanitation Department:
Salaries and expenses____________ 135,000.00
Highway Department:
Street lighting _______-________ $ 47,000.00
Ornamental street post 1'ghting__ 3,400.00
Salaries and expenses____________ 40,000.00 90,400.00
City Stables and Shops:
Salaries and expenses _____________ 2,260.00
Harbor and Wharves:
Municipal wharves, repairs 500.00
Other salaries and expenses.-____ 3,400.00 3,900.00
Board of Purchase:
Office supplies and expenses 50.00
Waterworks Department:
Salaries and expenses ___________ 69,000.00
City Market:
Salaries and expenses ___________ 7,900.00
Park and Tree Commission:
Baffin Park _____________ 500.00
Other parks and squares 14,250.00
Bonaventure Cemetery 6,750.00
Laurel Grove Cemetery __________ 6,250.00 27,750.00
Playgrounds:
Salaries and expenses 11,500.00
Industrial Farm:
City's proportion as per agreement with
county ____________________ 3,600.00
Public Library:
White _____________________ 10,000.00
Carnegie Public Library (colored)____ 1,200.00 11,200.00
Charities:
Outdoor poor relief_-_ 715.00
Poor in institutions_ 1,260.00
Contributions to associations 2,640.00
Contributions to hospitals (white) 9,546.66
Contributions to hospitals (colored) 5,400.00
City physicians 3,000.00
City dispensary _____ 4,500.00
Donations for purpose of tax payments 4,100.00 31,161.66
BUDGET FOR THE YEAR 1915(Continued)
Interest on Bonded Indebtedness:
Bonds maturing in 1959_________ 108,135.00
Bonds maturing in 1943____ 9,517.50
Drainage bonds (serial) dated 1914___ 26,824.70
Auditorium bonds (serial) dated 1914__ 9,147.90 153,625.10
Sinking Fund:
Bonds maturing in 1959___ 30,000.00
Bonds maturing in 1943______ 1,000.00
Drainage (serial) bonds maturing April
15, 1915 _-____ 5,500.00
Auditorium (serial) bonds maturing October 15, 1915 --_ 2,000.00 38,500.00
Notes Payable:
Issued prior to January 28, 1913, maturing in 1915 _- 54,743.55
Interest Accrued on Notes:
Issued prior to January 28, 1913_____ 1,131.24
Rehabilitation Cemetery Trust
Funds:
Payments made prior to 1913 (one-third) 4,163.12,
Total operating expenses, interest
and other fixed charges-______________$1,049,722.20
NEW IMPROVEMENTS, ETC., TO BE MADE IN 1915,
TO BE PASSED ON BY COUNCIL
BEFORE EXPENDITURE:
Health Department:
Repairs to smallpox hospital__ $ 250.00
Police Department:
Furniture and fixtures, new..__ $ 150.00
Automobiles (ambulance and runabouts) 3,300.00
Live stock ______________ 500.00
Gamewell System (extension and repairs) 975.00 4,925.00
Highway and Sanitation Departments:
Live stock ___-_______-____ 2,000.00
Placing street signs _______ 1,000.00
Paving streets (city's proportion)__ 50,000.00
Opening streets _______ 35,000.00
Steam hoister for excavating, etc 1,300.00 89,300.00
Harbor and Wharves:
Repairs to wharf foot of Abercorn street 1,000.00
Waterworks Department:
Extensions __-_-- 15,000.00
BUDGET FOR THE YEAR 1915(Continued)
Artificial Stone Walks:
10-foot diagonal walks. Forsyth Park.
Gaston to Hall streets ________ 780.00
Parks and Cemeteries:
Extending and renewing water mains,
Bonaventure Cemetery, artesian wells 500.00
Repairs to keeper's residence, etc., Laurel
Grove Cemetery ____-_______ 300.00
Repairs to greenhouse, Laurel Grove
Cemetery _.______ 150.00
Repairs to vaults and tombs. Colonial
Park ______________________ 300.00
Tree planting _______._ 1,000.00 2,250.00
Publicity:
Advertising, conventions, etc. 15,000.00
Total improvements $ 128,505.00
Total budget ___ $1,178,227.20
CITY GOVERNMENT
FOR THE
YEAR 1916

MAYOR AND ALDERMEN FOR 1916
MAYOR
WALLACE J. PIERPONT
CHAIRMAN OF COUNCIL
Alderman W. H. WRIGHT
VICE-CHAIRMAN OF COUNCIL
Alderman J. C. SLATER
ALDERMEN
J. A. G. CARSON
J. W. DANIEL
GEO. B. ELTON
J. E. FOY
H. L. KAYTON
JOSEPH A. LOGAN
H. H. LIVINGSTON
W. A. PIGMAN
E. A. M. SCHRODER
J. C. SLATER
W. W. WILLIAMSON
W. H. WRIGHT
COMMISSIONS
PARK AND TREE
P. D. DAFF1N, Chairman, term expires January 1, 1918.
T. H. McMILLAN, term expires January I, 1919.
R. M. BUTLER, term expires January 1, 1919.
CHARLES S. ELLIS, term expires January 1, 1921.
I. A. SOLOMONS, Secretary, term expires January 1, 1918.
PLAYGROUNDS
Mayor PIERPONT
Aldermen SCHRODER, H. L. KAYTON
Mrs. GRACE MENDES, Mrs. W. L. WILSON
Miss JANE JUDGE
Messrs. N. B. F. CLOSE, W. G. SUTLIVE
C. V. SNEDEKER, JR., G. M. OLIVER
THOMAS L. FINN
Rev. GEORGE SOLOMON, Rev. JOHN S. WILDER
(Alderman KAYTON, Chairman; C. V. SNEDEKER, JR., ViceChair man)
PILOTAGE
JAMES M. BARNARD, Chairman, term expires February 13,
1920.
E. A. ARMAND, Secretary, term expires February 13, 1923.
GEORGE F. ARMSTRONG, term expires February 13, 1917.
J. FLORANCE MINIS, term expires February 13, 1918.
JOSEPH HULL, term expires February 13, 1919.
WILLIAM W. WILLIAMSON, term expires February 13, 1921.
VAN B. AVERY, term expires February 13, 1922.
MASSIE SCHOOL
HON. W. J. PIERPONT
C. G. BECK W. G. SUTLIVE
COMMISSIONS(Continued)
SINKING FUND
GEORGE J. MILLS, Chairman
LEOPOLD ADLER JOHN F. PAULSEN
CHARLES G. BELL
(One vacancy, January .1, 1916)
BOARD FOR CONSTRUCTION NEW PUBLIC
LIBRARY BUILDING
- Mayor PIERPONT
Aldermen SCHRODER, PIGMAN
Messrs. F. G. BELL, JOHN G. BUTLER
ROBERT FECHNER, A. B. HULL, A. R. LAWTON
W. W. MACKALL, J. W. MOTTE
JOHN M. THOMAS
BOARD OF MANAGERS FOR PUBLIC LIBRARY
(To assume charge July 1, 1916)
Mayor PIERPONT
Alderman J. A. G. CARSON
Mrs. WALTER S. WILSON, Mrs. P. W. MELDRIM
Mrs. J. G. SMITH, Miss HORTENSE ORCUTT
Messrs. W. F. McCAULEY, JOHN M. THOMAS
JOHN L. TRAVIS, J. W. GRIFFITH, THOMAS GAMBLE
H. W. WITCOVER, J. RANDOLPH ANDERSON
(Chairman, J. RANDOLPH ANDERSON; Vice-Chairman,
H. W. WITCOVER)
Architect H. W. WITCOVER
BOARD FOR CONSTRUCTION MUNICIPAL
AUDITORIUM
Mayor PIERPONT, Aldermen KAYTON, WILLIAMSON
Messrs. GEORGE M. GADSDEN, FRANK G. BELL, THOMAS
M. HOYNES, M. M. HOPKINS
Architect HENRIK WALLIN
STANDING COMMITTEES OF COUNCIL
FOR 1916
ACCOUNTS
Aldermen ELTON, LIVINGSTON, WILLIAMSON
ASSESSMENTS
Aldermen LOGAN, SLATER, DANIEL, PIGMAN, SCHRODER
CITY LOTS AND OPENING STREETS
Aldermen SLATER, SCHRODER, PIGMAN
DRAINAGE
Aldermen KAYTON, FOY, LOGAN, SLATER, SCHRODER
FINANCE
Aldermen WILLIAMSON, CARSON, SLATER, FOY, KAYTON
FIRE
Aldermen PIGMAN, SLATER, WILLIAMSON, LOGAN, FOY
HARBOR AND WHARVES '
Aldermen WILLIAMSON, LOGAN, ELTON
STANDING COMMITTEES OF COUNCIL FOR 1916-
(Continued)
HEALTH
Aldermen DANIEL, LIVINGSTON-, LOGAN
MARKET
Aldermen L1VINGSTON, DANIEL, KAYTON
NEAR BEER
Aldermen WRIGHT, SLATER, LIVINGSTON
(Abolished April 30)
PENSION BOARD
Aldermen WRIGHT, PIGMAN, SCHRODER
Dr. F. WAHL
PLAYGROUNDS
Mayor PIERPONT
Aldermen SCHRODER, KAYTON
POLICE
Aldermen SCHRODER, ELTON, WRIGHT
PURCHASE BOARD
Mayor PIERPONT
Aldermen WRIGHT, SLATER
Chief Engineer CONANT
STANDING COMMITTEES OF COUNCIL FOR 1916
(Continued)
STREETS AND LANES
Aldermen WEIGHT, FOY, PIGMAN, ELTON, SCHRODER
TRADE AND COMMERCE
Aldermen CARSON, FOY, DANIEL, W1LLIAMSON, PIGMAN
WATER
Aldermen FOY, ELTON, KAYTON
SANITARY COMMISSIONERS
Aldermen DANIEL, WILLIAMSON
Citizens DR. W. R. DANCY, MR. JOSEPH SOLOMON
COL. BEIRNE GORDON
CITY OFFICERS, 1916 ,
WALLACE J. PIERPONT_.Mayor
THOMAS GAMBLE__________..Secretary to the Mayor
THOMAS HALLIGAN__________,__.Clerk of Council
CHAS. V. HERNANDEZ______Assistant Clerk of Council
M. L. MELDRIM____________-____Chief of Police
B. S. BRYANT_____________First Lieutenant of Police
J. F. BERNHARDT________Clerk of the Police Department
C. S. HARDEE__________________-City Treasurer
G. B. PRITCHARD____________Assistant City Treasurer
JAMES FURSE__________-Comptroller
E. R. CONANT___________Chief Engineer
W. O'D. ROCKWELL__________Assistant Chief Engineer
ROBERT J. TRAVIS__________-___City Attorney
D. S. ATKINSON_____________Assistant City Attorney
MONTAGUE GAMMON______Director of Playgrounds
(Resigned)
CLARENCE GOETTE__________Director of Playgrounds
(Elected June 7)
GEO. D. SEMKEN___________________City Marshal
J. H. PAPOT_________________Deputy City Marshal
DR. L. B. TAYLOR______________ { White
DR. L. J. CHEDEL_______________ j City Physicians
DR. C. C. MIDDLETON___________. ) Colored
DR. F. S. BELCHER_____________. j City Physicians
GEO. LEWIN___________________Clerk of Market
E. B. HARTLEY____________Assistant Clerk of Market
THOS. H. LAIRD__________________Harbor Master
W. F. BRUNNER___________________Health Officer
V. H. BASSETT___________________Bacteriologist
C. J. MELVIN_________Chief Sanitary Inspector
DR. D. C. GILLES______________Chief Food Inspector
THOMAS F. FLEMING______________.Food Inspector
LEWIS BLISS, C. R. SHOUSE, J. T. WELLS,) Inspectors
G. W. ROBINSON, NAT HARRISON, J. E. I of Naval
REGISTER, J. F. BLISS, AND R. B. JEWETT j Stores
JOHN R. EASON________________Building Inspector
A. B. LAROCHE_______Keeper Laurel Grove Cemetery
CITY OFFICERS 1916(Continued)
J. T. McCORMICK_______Keeper Bonaventure Cemetery
HENRY WILLIS (cotj
Keeper Colored Section Laurel Grove Cemetery
j. D. HARMS___..Keeper City Dispensary
F. M. HULL____________ __________Port Warden
C. W. TANNER________________Plumbing Inspector
JOHN E. SCHWARZ___________________Recorder
L. A. EAST________Superintendent Scavenger Department
JOHN H. MONROE______Chief Engineer Fire Department
(Dismissed April 18)
A. P. McFARLAND______Chief Engineer Fire Department
(Elected May 24)
A. J. TOSHACH___Assistant Chief Engineer Fire Department
J. P. FIGG______Superintendent and Engineer Waterworks
G. NOBLE JONES____________Chairman Tax Assessors
D. T. ELLIOTT__________-___-____. J Tax
JOSEPH M. DREYER________________ J Assessors
J. CHRIS WERNTZ_______________Custodian City Hall
FRANK WILBY______________Traffic Bureau Managei
BUDGET FOR THE YEAR 1916
Operating ExpensesGeneral Government:
Executive and Legislative:
Salaries of Aldermen and salaries and expenses of offices of Mayor and Clerk of
Council, including publishing of Council
Proceedings and of Mayor's annual report __-_______-_________ $ 21,500.00
Finance and Accounts:
Comptroller's office, salaries and expenses $ 5,300.00
Treasurer's office, salaries and expenses 8,750.00 14,050.00
Assessment of Taxes:
Tax Assessor's office, salaries and expenses ____________________ 6,123.00
Marshal's Office:
Salaries and expenses 4,885.50
Law Department:
Salaries and expenses ________ 7,500.00
Municipal Building:
Salaries and expenses of custodian and
assistants, and fuel, lights, elevator operation and other expenses of City Hall
building, including clock expense 6,560.00
Police Court:
Salaries of Recorder and of Clerk and
other expenses _______________ 3,610.00
Pensions:
Police department _____________ 4,886.40
Fire department _______________ 3,480.00
Health department __________ 420.00
Highway and sanitation departments 5,600.00
Widows and Orphans, Police and Fire departments _________________ 2,004.00 16,390.40
Municipal Court:
Salaries and expenses _ 15,000.00
Freight and Traffic Bureau:
Salaries and expenses _- 7,500.00
Miscellaneous:
Salary and expenses of Building Inspector ___________________ 1,735.00
Salary of keeper of powder magazine 300.00 2,035.00
Total general government ___ $ 105,153.90
Police Department:
Salaries and expenses, including new uniforms and military reserve 160.750.00
BUDGET FOR THE YEAR 1916(Continued)
Fire Department:
Salaries and expenses, including new uniforms and chimney sweeping expenses. 1127,000.00
Board of Health:
Salaries and expenses, office of health officer ________1__ ________ $31,425.00
Salaries and expenses, bacteriological
laboratory _______ 7,692.00 Salaries and expenses, plumbing inspector _______;__:___ 1,754.00 40,881.00
Sanitation Department:
Salaries and expenses 148,700.00
Highway Department:
Street lighting _________________ 47,400.00
Ornamental street post lighting 3,200.00
Salaries and expenses ___ 49,980.00 100.580.00
City Stables and Shops:
Salaries and expenses -_ 2.090.00
Harbor and Wharves:
Salaries and expenses _- 3,535.00
Board of Purchase:
Office supplies and expenses_______ 50.00
Waterworks Department:
Salaries and expenses __ 69,000.00
City Market:
Salaries and expenses __-___ 8,000.00
Park and Tree Commission:
Baffin Park __________________ 2,500.00
Other parks and squares________ 15,000.00
Bonaventure Cemetery ___________ 8,000.00
Laurel Grove Cemetery _______ 6,500.00 32..000.00
Playgrounds:
Salaries and expenses ________ 13,300.00
Industrial Farm:
City's proportion of expenses ____ 3,600.00
Public Library:
White _____________________ 10,000.00
Carnegie Public Library (colored)____ 1,200.00 11,200.00
Charities:
Outdoor poor relief ___________ 700.00
Poor in institutions 1,260.00
Contributions to associations _____ 3,440.00
Contributions to hospitals (white)___ 9,546.66
Contributions to hospitals (colored).__ 6,400.00
City physicians ________________ 3,000.00
City dispensary _________________ 5,OOttOO
Donations for purpose of tax payments 4,000.00 33,346.66
Total operating expenses __-__ $ 859,186.56
BUDGET FOR THE YEAR 1916(Continued)
Interest on Bonded Indebtedness:
Bonds maturing in 1959___________ $108,135.00
Bonds maturing in 1943_______ 9,517.50
Drainage bonds (serial) dated 1914___ 26,545'.31
Auditorium bonds (serial) dated 1914__ 8,886.56
Drainage bonds (serial) dated, 1916___ 15,000.00 $168,084.37
Sinking Fund:
Bonds maturing in 1959____ 31,000.00
Bonds maturing in 1943________ 1,500.00
Drainage (serial) bonds maturing April
15. 1916 ____________-_ 6,500.00
Auditorium (serial) bonds maturing October 15, 1916_______________ 2,500.00 41,500.00
Notes Payable:
Issued prior to January 28, 1913, maturing in 1916 _____________ 28,505.29
Interest Accrued on Notes:
Issued prior to January 28, 1913__ 340.52
Total operating expenses, interest
and other fixed charges. $1,097,616.74
NEW IMPROVEMENTS, ETC., TO BE MADE IN 1916
TO BE PASSED ON BY COUNCIL
BEFORE EXPENDITURE:
Fire Department:
Fire alarm system, extensions and repairs $1,560.00
Police Department:
Furniture and fixtures, new_________ $ 150.00
Automobile __________________ 1,200.00
Live Stock _________.,________ 1,000.00
Gamewell system (extension and repairs) 1,000.00
Emergency motorcycle station, East Side 600.00 3,950.00
Highway and Sanitation Departments:
Live stock ___________________ 3,000.00
Placing street signs ____________ 1,000.00
Paviner streets (city's proportion)_ 35,000.00
Opening streets ________________ 30,000.00
Automobile for surveyor 500.00
Five sets grate bars for incinerator_ 625.00
Pony planer, rip and cut-off saw for shops 900.00 71,025.00
Harbors and Wharves:
Repairs to wharf foot of Abercorn street. 1,000.00
Repairs to wharf foot of W. Broad street 1,500.00 2,500.00
Publicity:
Advertising expenses ____________ 7,500.00
Waterworks Department:
Improvements to plant ______..____ 70,09826
Extensions distribution system _____ 37,00000
Meters _____ 10,000.00
Oil house, stock room and stable_____ 1,000.00 11849826
BUDGET FOR THE YEAR 1916(Continued)
Libraries:
New public library, furniture, lighting
fixtures and exterior standards___ $6,000.00
Park and Tree Commission:
Tree planting ______._______ $1,000.00
Extending and renewing water meters,
Bonaventure Cemetery __________ 500.00
Paving roads, Bonaventure Cemetery 500.00
Paving roads, Laurel Grove Cemetery___ 500.00
Repairs to keeper's residence, Bonaventure Cemetery ___.________ 300.00
Tools. ______ 250.00
Live stock __________________ 500.00 3,550.00
Total new improvements, etc.___ $ 214,583.26
Total budget _____________ $1,312,200.00
ANNUAL MESSAGE
OF
WALLACE J. PIERPONT
MAYOR
SAVANNAH, GEORGIA
REVIEWING OPERATIONS FOR YEAR
1915

ANNUAL MESSAGE
OF
WALLACE J. PIERPONT, Mayor
OF SAVANNAH
SAVANNAH, G\., March 15, 1916.
The Board of Aldermen, City.
GENTLEMEN:Suffering from a persistently depressing illness, with the face of death confronting him every minute of the
day, realizing that the opportunities for further public service
were limited and likely to slip from his weakening grasp at any
time, our late mayor, the Hon. Richard J. Davant, left behind him
a record of achievement for 1915 that indicated in some degree
his devotion to public interests and the zealous desire to promote
the welfare of Savannah that animated and sustained him throughout his public career. It remains for me but to summarize the
record of the work done under his direction in order that the published reports of the municipal government over which he presided for not quite three years may, in a measure, record those
forward steps that are to be credited to his sagacious initiative
and his intelligent executive supervision.
Three distinct forward steps stand out with peculiar clearness
as monuments to the brief period Mayor Davant was enabled to
put into practical effect the ideas that had probably long germinated in his mind. One of them, the playground system, was further broadened in its scope during the past year. It is no idle
assertion to say that with a history of less than two years it is so
fully established as a public institution in the esteem of Savannahians that no iconoclastic hands will ever be laid upon it to de-
42 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
stroy or mar its usefulness to the children of our city. Considering the moderate expenditures made upon it, $11,700 in 1915, it
has attained a surprising efficiency and included within its operations an astonishingly large number of boys and girls, from babyhood to years approaching maturity. Fpr the year 1916 its usefulness has been further widened by arrangements to add one
small ground in a thickly populated section.
The second movement inaugurated by Mayor Davant, that
looking to the erection of a modern library building and the reconstruction of the library work along the lines of the highest
public efficiency, also found definite form in 1915 in the preparation of the plans of what, it is confidently "believed, will' be accepted as one of the best designed structures of this class in the
country. With that painstaking thoroughness that marked his entire official life, he, and those associated with him on the commission, delved into the details of library buildings, and as a result
of their conscientious and unsparing efforts the structure now
nearing completion at Bull and Thirty-sixth streets may justly be
regarded as one of the most beautiful in the city as well as one
of the best adapted to its purposes in the United States. On this
building, in addition to the generous appropriation of $75,000
from the Carnegie Corporation, the municipality is expending approximately $15,000, making with the cost of the lot, $15,000, a
total investment of $105,000. For its management I have, in accordance with the ordinance adopted by Council, provided a commission of twelve members, under whose direction the development of the library will come along lines that will best promote
the interests of the general community. The usual appropriation
of $10,000 for the operation of the library has been made for
1916, with $3,000 additional from last year's appropriation available for new books when the library is opened in its new home.
The third project that awakened the enthusiastic interest of
Mayor Davant, the municipally owned and directed auditorium,
is now at the stage where contracts will soon be let and the work
of construction begun. The same careful, intelligent methods
that marked the library project have been followed in this. It
has been realized that wisdom does not call for precipitate haste
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 43
in building and that it is far bettter to make progress slowly on a
structure designed to serve the public for a half century or
longer than to hasten its erection at the expense of completely
satisfactory results. In this, as with the library building, the experience and judgment of experts in several lines have been
called into the service of the city, and our people have the reasonable assurance that no effort has been spared by the commission
of aldermen and citizens in charge that would tend to insure a
building perfect for the purposes for which it is to be used. Bids
have been called for and before the spring has closed the contractors should be engaged in its construction. When conventions begin to assemble here in 1917 the auditorium will be ready
for their use and the conveniences and comforts that it provides
will undoubtedly be an effective asset in placing Savannah in the
front rank of convention cities.
Hampered as the city has been by the necessity of meeting
heavy past obligations, it has not, as the finance committee has
pointed out in a report given to the public, been in position to
continue the maintenance of its departments and the prosecution
of public improvements on the scale the public desires, and at
the same time materially reduce its outstanding indebtedness.
It was deemed wise in 1915 to meet the public demands for betterments to as great an extent as possible. Working along the
usual lines, the municipality last year expended for street paving,
a class of betterments that always awakens public approbation,
approximately $75,000, the city's proportion being $30,000. The
Committee of Council expended this money along the lines of intelligently planned development. In 1915, for instance, Bay
street extended was improved with stone blocks from West Broad
street to the city limits, and the Louisville road with brick from
the Ogeechee canal to Stiles avenue, giving more satisfactory
communication in those directions to the manufacturing districts
and the country beyond. The policy of the city is to facilitate fire
protection in all directions by means of improved thoroughfares,
and, while those not acquainted with the entire paving system of
Savannah may think that this or that street could have been
paved with better results than some that have been improved, a
44 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
glance at the map showing the entire paving of the city will convince them that the aldermen have been guided by good substantial reasons in their selection of the thoroughfares. No. investment outside of drainage and water that a municipality makes
tends more to its development than good paving. The visitor
who finds a city with its highways improved and clean leaves with
an impression that tends to make him a future investor if not an
actual resident, and the comfort and convenience of our own
people justify the largest expenditure possible in that direction.
Because of this it is to be regretted that heavy demands are to be
faced in the next few years for water and other purposes that will
preclude more than a moderate investment in paving, unless
bonds are resorted to. and we are so close to our constitutional
limitations in that respect that wisdom seems to dictate no fresh
obligations of that nature for the time being.
Street opening and the removal of old encroachments continue to receive considerable attention. The city is to bek congratulated on the legislation secured two years ago, which materially strengthened its position with regard to the opening of
new tracts contiguous to the corporate limits, or within its fixed
boundaries. The new law is found to work admirably and it is
a pleasure to note that the developers of outlying sections have
shown a commendable willingness to co-operate with the city
officials and avoid the errors of the past. It is not improbable
that the next few years will see many subdivisions laid out, in
anticipation of the rapid expansion of the population there is
reason to expect, and the good results of the legislation referred
to will become more and more apparent. With no expenditures
on its part for new streets and lanes the city can devote its appropriations for street opening to the cleaning up of the section
inside the old corporate limits where numerous encroachments
and barriers to neighborhood development remain to be removed,
involving a considerable outlay. During the year 1915 there was
purchased over one million feet of land for streets and drainage
rights-of-way, at a cost of approximately $41,000.' To several
new sub-divisions water mains were extended under a satisfactory arrangement by which the city takes over the mains and re-
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 45
imburses the expenditures when the revenues therefrom reach
7 per cent, on the investment.
The water situation that developed early in the year was
handled with especial skill by the chief engineer and health
officer, and the purity of the water restored by their vigilant and
untiring efforts. Through the assistance of government experts,
as well as by the thorough investigations of our own officials and
the expert secured by the city, the municipality is in possession
of exceedingly valuable information relative to its water supply,
present and prospective. The necessity remains, however, of
providing a new, more adequate and better designed reservoir,
and of improving the general water plant, which shows the inevitable signs of deterioration after a constant service of nearly
a quarter of a century. It is planned to begin the rehabilitation
of the plant during the present year. And in this connection it
may not be amiss to say that unless a sinking fund is provided the
city is apt, every twenty or -twenty-five years, to confront a repetition of this situation on a much larger scale. Even at its present
normal growth in population Savannah will have 60,000 to 75,000
more people twenty-five years from now, with a likelihood of the
increase being closer to 100,000. The waterworks even with the
improvements now necessary, will not be adequate for the demands that will be put upon the plant even a decade hence. It
is still an open question as to whether the'supply of artesian
water will be adequate for the increasing needs of the city beyond
a limited term of years. Opinions differ as to that, but it is grati-
.fying to again direct attention to the wise policy the city pursued
last year in securing the right-of-way of the Ogeechee canal from
the city to the Ogeechee river, a step that will mean much if the
occasion should arise to resort to other than subterranean sources
of supply.
General health conditions were never better than in 1915.
The unceasing watchfulness of the health officer is to be credited
with much of the improvement that year by year has marked Savannah's mortality reports. He has been a most faithful guardian
of the public welfare. The extension and improvement of the
drainage and sewerage system will further promote the health-
46 -MAYOR'S AXX UAL REPORT
fulness of the community. Our greatest asset is good health and
the fact that it is maintained at so moderate a cost is highly pleasing to our people and a most effective advertisement abroad. The
two sewerage and drainage contracts, under the $600,000 bond
issue, were satisfactorily completed during the year, without
friction or delay, and another bond issue of $400,000 voted, the
proceeds of which will do much to complete the system and furnish sanitary facilities over large districts hitherto denied them.
Even after the expenditure of this million dollars it is apparent
that in a few years* further demands will come for additional outlays in this direction to keep up with the increase in population.
Only the city that stands still, or is going backward, can hope to
go on from year to year with a stationary budget, or without unusual demands for public betterments, and Savannah, fortunately, is not in that class and is less likely to be. The efficiency
of a government is not to be judged solely by the amount of
money it expends. As long as public monies are honestly and intelligently applied taxpayers and citizens generally will profit by
the increasing revenues they contribute to the treasury. Every
dollar judiciously laid out for sewerage, drainage, water, paving,
health and the reasonable expansion of the departments of public
safety, is a dollar contributed by the citizens and used for the protection of their health, their property, their lives, and the comforts and conveniences that mean so much to the urban dweller
of our day. I feel safe in asserting that with a board of aldermen
constituted as this is, representing the business acumen, stability
and integrity of Savannah, waste is almost eliminated, dishonesty
is unknown, and our people are served faithfully and with the
same care that marks their private business affairs.
The reports of the various departments submitted herewith
give that detailed information to the city's operations that every
citizen is entitled to know. I regret that our citizens do not more
fully avail themselves of the opportunity to study these reports
and acquaint themselves with what the public servants are doing.
A well-posted citizenry is the best assurance of a well-conducted
municipal government, and honest criticism is a proper spur and
stimulus to renewed intelligent exertion on the part of those in
MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT 47
the public service. The heads of the several departments have
shown a commendable devotion to their duties and responsibilities, and I am sure welcome suggestions and criticisms that are
intended to promote the efficiency of the labor they and their
forces put forth.
As for 1916, as pointed out, the library will be completed and
the auditorium will be well under way, in fact should be completed, or practically so. The waterworks improvements will begin ; there will be the usual quota of new street paving, the customary progress in street opening, the municipal transportation
bureau will be established as an aid to general business interests,
and minor improvements will come in the various departments.
The outstanding indebtedness will be materially reduced, the purpose being to pay off twenty per cent, of this floating debt each
year during the term of this administration. While it is to be regretted that this old burden forced a heavier tax rate, it is gratifying to know that citizens generally appreciated the conditions
that compelled the increased rate and have shown a spirit that,
speaks strongly of their devotion to the interests of their beloved
city.
The prospects for the expansion of Savannah in trade, in industries, in commerce and in the resulting wealth and population, were never better. It has never been so well equipped as
now to assume and hold a commanding position as a great port,
it has never before loomed so promisingly as a manufacturing
center; there is abundant reason to anticipate that our jobbing
and retail trade in Georgia and adjacent states will show a rapid
expansion. The only deterrent element is the still too conspicuous failure to thoroughly fuse our local energies for the great
work that is upon us, but the sentiment against persistent dissensions, against excessive partisanship, against lack of team
work, is growing more and more pronoimced, and in the end will
triumph. The municipal government, I am sure, within the confines that the law permits, will proudly play its part as a leader
and as a co-laborer in the work of promoting Savannah's development in all directions. Respectfully submitted,
W. J. PIERPONT, Mayor.

MEMORIAL TO MAYOR DAVANT
Report of committee (memorial) on the public services of the
late Mayor, the Hon. R. J. Davant, presented to City
.Council on October 27, 1915, and ordered spread upon
the minutes:
Major Davant came to the mayoralty well equipped for its
varied duties and arduous responsibilities. His was no novice
hand placed at the helm. Long service with the municipal government had peculiarly equipped hiirTfor the higher position to
which his fellow-citizens called him. For years prior to his actual
official connection with the administration of city affairs he had
shown a deep and unremitting interest in its business and had
become acquainted with the workings of its departments and the
needs of an ambitious and growing community.
Elected an alderman in 1903, he was at once made vjcechairman of council, a position held by him for four years. On
his third election as alderman he became chairman of council,
filling that important office for two years, his aldermanic career
extending over the six years, 1903-08. For this entire time he
was a member of the board of education. His committee work
in council was varied and of the greatest service to the city. The
importance of a more adequate drainage and sewerage system
was then being impressed upon the community and his clear
brain and sagacious judgment were of value on the special committee handling these problems. As chairman for several years
of the committee in charge of the fire department he warmly
espoused improvements calculated to increase the efficiency
of that department and make it a more adequate protection to
the lives and property of the people.
His genial, manly, loyal nature endeared him to the .employes of that and other .departments with whom his official
duties then and in more recent years brought him in contact.
On the finance, streets and lanes and water committees he obtained a valuable experience that stood him in good stead when
he assumed the executive control of municipal affairs.
In every sphere of activity in which he was placed the late
mayor rendered faithful, yeoman service, studying the best interests of the city, conserving its means, and seeking to give to
its tax payers the fullest return possible for the monies expended.
On the committee charged with the erection of the city hall he
was of great value. He entered zealously into the planning of
the handsome structure that is now one of the chief buildings
of Savannah. Criticising intelligently, suggesting wisely, supervising comprehensively, his name upon the tablet in its main
corridor attests valuable service rendered over the entire period
of conception and execution of the plans that gave to the municipal government a home in keeping with the importance of the
city. In this, as in all other matters entrusted to him, he delved
into the details and made himself master of every feature. Ingrained in his very nature was this love of thoroughness in anything to which he put his hand. It was one of the many sterling
traits of his strong character.
Inaugurated as mayor in January, 1913, he at once put into
effect ideas that had long been entertained. The accounting
system of the city, he realized, was obsolete and inadequate for a
corporation expending beyond a million dollars yearly. As a result of his efforts Savannah today has an accounting system as
perfect as that of any other municipality. This was but one of
several progressive steps speedily submitted to council and cordially approved by it. The needs of the children, deprived of
proper opportunity for physical development, had strongly appealed to his sympathetic nature. His own intense love of outof-door life led him to seek to confer health-giving advantages
upon the boys and girls of the community. The playground system of today, the work of his administration in which he probably felt the deepest pride, stands as a monument to his successful efforts. It wil! continue an enduring and ever-widening
memorial, keeping his name fresh in the minds of future generations, more permanent than a monument of granite.
Health matters early pressed upon him for attention. The
solution of them has been in every way gratifying^ The most
modern destructor plant in the United States today disposes of
all of the city waste along absolutely sanitary lines. The exten-
sion of the drainage and sewerage systems has been wisely completed as far as the funds in hand permitted. In other directions
his administration was likewise governed by a progressive and
far-seeing spirit. The municipal wharf attests his desire to meet
new commercial conditions. The library building, now in course
of construction, tells of his prompt efforts to improve the conditions surrounding that important educational bureau. If his life
had been prolonged his keen interest and quick grasp of essentials
would have made him of the utmost value in the handling of the
new auditorium.
Major Davant was re-elected in December, 1914, the first
mayor chosen under the law extending the term to four years.
Some of his plans failed of fruition because of the lack of time
allotted him to carry them through. But while death has removed
him from the sphere of activity in which he was serving the
public so well these plans have not died with him. The seeds
planted by him will yet spring into life and bring their full harvest of consummated projects. Savannah today is a better, more
beautiful and happier city because Richard J. Davant lived and
planned and worked for it. His was a useful and successful life,
impressing once more upon the public consciousness the fact that
he who lives for others has grasped the secret of true joy and
high honor and solved the meaning of life itself.
To us who were officially associated with him during the
nearly three years of his mayoralty his death came with the sense
of a deep, personal loss. The memory of the courteous, affable,
loyal, generous-hearted man and faithful, efficient official will
long remain with us.
In conclusion your committee would recommend that this
tribute be spread upon the minutes of council.
Upon motion of Alderman Wright, the report was ordered
spread upon the minutes, and a copy of same sent to Mrs.
R. J. Davant. Respectfully submitted,
W. J. PIERPONT,
Mayor and Chairman.
JOHN E. FOY,
WM. W. WILLIAMSON.

ANNUAL REPORT
OF THE
COMPTROLLER
OF THE
CITY OF SAVANNAH
FOR THE YEAR ENDED
DECEMBER 31
1915
JAMES FURSE
COMPTROLLER

REPORT OF COMPTROLLER
SAVANNAH, GA., January 1, 1916.
HON. WALLACE J. PIERPONT, Mayor
CITY OF SAVANNAH, GA.
DEAR SIR:
I herewith submit the report of the Accounting Department of the city for the year ended December
31, 1915.
The financial condition of the city in condensed form is as follows:
FINANCIAL CONDITION
ASSETS
Current Assets __ _ _ _ _________
Special Fund for Purchase of Books,
Savannah Public Library ____ _
Deferred Assets _ _ _ ___ _ _
Capital Account Cash _____ _ ____
Land, Buildings, Permanent Improvements
and Equipment _ _ ___ _
Total __ _ __
Years Ended December 31,
1915
$ 255,610.91
3,833.37
12,156.71
147,667.00
11,166,266.77
1914
$ 237,487.84
23,649.99
571,203.90
10,471,052.57
INCREASE
$ 18,123.07
3,833.37
695,214.20
$ 1 1 ,585,534.76 1 1 ,303,394.30 '$ 282, 1 40.46
DECREASE
$ 11,493.28
423,536.90
o

tn
w*o
O

HI
FINANCIAL CONDITION(Continued)
LIABILITIES
Current Liabilities __ _ _ _.._ _ . _
Trust Funds for Perpetual Care of Lots _____
Deferred Liabilities _____ . .. ___ .._
Reserve for Purchase of Books, Savannah
Public Library __.._ _ .. __ _ _ _
Funded Debt, less Sinking Fund..- _ __
Total Liabilities .. ___________
Excess of Assets over Liabilities __ ___ .
Total __ _ ____ _ _
Years Kniletl
191G
$ 421,942.25
8,000.00
53,458.10
3,833.37
3,321,000.00
$ 3,808,233.72
7,777,301.04
$11,585,534.76
December 31,
1914
$ 435,344. lt>
12,163.12
54,492.87
3,159,500.00
$ 3,661,500.15
7,641,894.15
$11,303,394,30
INrilKASK
$ 3,833.37
161,500.00
$ 146,733.57
135,406.89
$ 282,140.46
niWRKASW
$ 13,401.91
4,163.12
1,034.77
The increases and decreases above are shown in detail on the General Balance Sheet Statement,
Exhibit A.
O y)
tn
w
T)
O
po
H
The Cash Receipts and Disbursements for the year are shown in the following condensed statement.
For details of cash receipts see Schedule 1.
CASH STATEMENT
Current
Funds
1 1
Balance January 1, 1915 __ |$ *6,682.80
Receipts during the year:
Schedule No. 1__ _______
Proceeds from sale of
$200,000 Auditorium BondsCemetery Trust Funds _
For Purchase of Books, etc.,
for New Library__ _ _ _
1,396,537.03
Library
Funds
Drainage
Bond Funds
Auditorium
Bond Funds
M"3
I
if is 3*0 OJOO
C'O'-H
MfcKo
Special Fund to
Bonds Redeem
1883 of
Funds Trust Bonaventure
Cemetery
Funds Trust Grove Laurel
Cemetery Sinking
Fund
TOTAL,
1!
____ I$S71,203.90|_ _ __|$400.00]$ 100.0b|$3,3S6.00|$l,12S.OO|$55,000.00|$ 624,496.10
$3,833.37
15,856.84
$203,274.40
10,667.87
Total Receipts I$1,396,537.03|$3,833.37J$ 15,856,84J$213,942.27| - __
5,313.12 1,600.00
31,000.00
1,396,537.03
203,274.40
26,524.71
6,913.12
31,000.00
3,833.37
$5,313.12|$l,60d.OOJ$311OOO.OOi$l)668,082.63
Total -.--_|$l,389,S'54.23|$3.83"3.37"|$587,060_74|$2i^
^Overdraft | " ~ f ~\ \_____ 1 I____I |"~ i I
CASH STATEMENT(Continued)
Disbursements during the
year:
Pay Checks _____
Redemption of Bonds Matured in 1909.._ __ ____
Redemption of Bonds Matured in 1959 _____
1
Current
Funds
$ 543,922.71
683,791.32
153,146.25
& s
i
Drainage
Bond Funds
$587,060.74
Auditorium
Sond
Funds ,
i
$ 66,275.27
n
1
'u'O a>oo
ftEJ CU^
$400.00
Special ! ' Fund to
Bonds Redeem i
1SS3 of!
'
Funds Trust Bonavjnture
Cemetery j.
i
Funds Trust !
Grove Laurel Cemetery '.
.2~
_i ^
18,000,00
a
$1.197,258.72
683,791.32
153,146.25
400.00
18,000.00
Total Pisbursements -|$1,380,860.28|_____[$587,060.74|$ 66,275.27|$400.00|____(_____|_____|$18,000.00|$2,052,596.29
BalanceDecember 31. 19151$ 8,993.95|$3,833.37|____ j$147,667.00| ----!$ 100.00|$8,663.12|$2,725.00|$68,000.00|$ 239,982.44
The Income Account for 1915, as compared, with the previous year, is stated in condensed form, as
follows:
INCOME STATEMENT
Operating Revenues (Schedule 5)_ _______
Additions to Income (Exhibit B) ___ __
Total _ _ __________
Operating Expenses (Schedule 6)_ _ _
Deductions from Income, including Rehabilitation Cemetery Trust Funds (Exhibit B)
Total _ _ ___ __ _ _
Net Operating Income _ _ _
Additions to Property through Income, including payments of notes for outlays issued prior to January 28, 1913 (Exhibit B)
Deficit ___-_ __ ___ __
Years Ended December 31
$
$
1915
1,140,002.47
6,426.24
1,146,428.71
840,403.38
189,822.10
$
$
$
1,030,225.48
116,203.23
149,728.94
33,525.71
$
$
1914
1,120,463.28
5,842.57
1,126,305.85
828,585.84
160,268.09
$
$
$
988,853.93
137,451.92
298,173.63
160,721.71
INCREASE
$ 19,539.19
583.67
$ 20,122.86
11,817.54
29,554.01
$ 41,371.55
DECREASE
$ 21,248.69
148,444169
$ 127,196.00

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INCOME STATEMENT(Continued)
The operating Expenses for 1915 Include the following extraordinary expenditures charged to the
Water Works Department:
Examination of water situation by George C. Whipple and others ________________$ 710,49
Supervision by Engineering Department_______________ _____________ 447.50
Examination and repairs of wells at River Station____________. ______ ____'__ 1,044.78
Repairs of reservoir at River Station_______________ _________________ 1,667.51
Examination and repairs of wells at Gwinnett Street Station ___________________ 82.08
Examination and repairs of conduit at Gwinnett Street Station, including construction of by-pass_ 3,851.07
Treating water with hypochloride of lime___ ______________ 1,133.79
Total _____________________________________ _________$8,937.22
The payment out of current income for the year 1915 of the capital account liability for notes payable for outlays falling due during the year, $54,743.55, and the payment for rehabilitation of a proportion, $4,163.12, of the amount due trust funds for perpetual care of cemetery lots results in the deficit
shown, $33,525.71. The elimination from Income Account of these two items would change the deficit for
the year to a surplus of $25,380.96.
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The General Balance Sheet of the city as of December 31, 1915, compared with the previous year,
may be subdivided under the following captions
CAPITAL ACCOUNT BALANCE SHEET
ASSETS
Cash _ _ __ ____ _
Due from Current Funds ____________
Land, Buildings, Permanent Improvements,
and Equipment __ _ _ _ _ _
Total ____ .__ _ _
LIABILITIES
Notes Payable _ _ _ _ _ ________
Due to Current Funds __ _ _
Deferred Liabilities, _ __ __
Funded Debt __ __ _ ___ _
Total Liabilities ___ ____
Excess of Assets over Liabilities _
Total ___ ____ _
Years Ended December 31
1915
$ 147,767.00
2,163.19
11,169,493.44
$11,319,423.63
$ 28,505.29
5,032.05
3,389,100.00
$ 3,422,637.34
7,896,786.29
$11.319.423.63
1914
$ 571,703.90.
10,471,052.57
$11,042,756.47
$ 83,248.84
1,192.87
3,215,000.00
$ 3,299,441.71
7,743,314.76
$11.042.756.47
INCREASE
$
s
2,163.19
698,440.87
276,667.16
$ 5,032.05
174,100.00
$
$
123,195.63
153,471.53
276.667.16
DECREASE
$ 423,936.90
$ 54,743.55
1,192.87
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SINKING FUND BALANCE SHEET
ASSETS
Cash on Deposit for Redemption of Bonds
maturing in 1943 _ ______ ______
Cash on Deposit for Redemption of Bonds
maturing in 1959_ _ _ __ __
Total ___ __ _ __ _
LIABILITIES AND RESERVES
Sinking Fund Reserve.- __ __ _ ___
Years Ended
1915
$ 1 ,000.00
67,000.00
$ 68,000.00
$ 68,000.00
December 31
liiH
$ 55,000.00
$ 55,000.00
$ 55,000.00
-
1NOHKASK
$ 1,000.00
12,000.00
$ 13,000.00
$ 13,000.00
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TRUST FUND BALANCE SHEET
ASSETSCash on Deposit for Perpetual Care of Lots
in Bonaventure Cemetery _ _____
Cash on Deposit for Perpetual Care of Lots
in Laurel Grove Cemetery _ _________
Due from Current Funds _ _ _ _____
Total __ __ _ ________
LIABILITIES AND RESERVES
Bonaventure Cemetery Perpetuity Fund Account _ __ _ _ __ _______
Laurel Grove Cemetery Perpetuity Fund Account _ _ _ ___ _____
Total _ ___ _ _____
Years Ended
1915
$ 8,663.12
2,725.00
8,000.00
$ 19,388.12
$ 16,663.12
2,725.00
$ 19,388.12
December 31
1914
$
$
$
$
3,350.00
1,125.00
12,163.12
16,638.12
15,113.12
1,525.00
16,638.12
INCREASE
$ 5,313,12
1,600.00
$ 2,750.00
$ 1,550.00
1,200.00
$ 2,750.00
DECREASE
$ 4,163.12
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CURRENT ACCOUNT BALANCE SHEET
ASSETS
Current Assets ___ _________ _
Due from Capital Funds _______ _ _
Special Fund for purchase of Books, Savannah Public Library _ ____ _ _
Deferred Assets ____ ________ __
Total Assets _ _._ ________
Deficit of Assets over Liabilities. '_ __ _
Total _ _____ _ __
LIABILITIES
Current Liabilities ___ _ _ _ ..__ _
Due to Capital Funds __ _ _ ___ _
Trust Funds for Perpetual Care of Lots ____
Reserve for purchase of Books, Savannah
Public Library- _ _ _ _
Deferred Liabilities __ _ _
Total _ _ _ _ _
Years Kmtecl
1916
$ 252,384.24
5,032.05
3,833.37
12,156.71
$ 273,406.37
187,485.25
$ 460,891.62
$ 393,436.96
2,163.19
8,000.00
3,833.37
53,458,10
$ 460.891.62
December :il
1014
"$ 237,487.84
23,649.99
$ 261,137.83
156,420.61
$
$
417,558.44
352,095.32
12,163.12
53,300.00
$ 417,558.44
INCRKASK
Y 14,896.40
5,032.05
3,833.37
j
$ 12,268.54
31,064.64
$ 43,333.18
$ 41,341.64
2,163.19
3,833.37
158.10
$ 43,333.18
HKCRKASK
$ U, 493.28
*
$ 4,163.12
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The revenues and expenses of the municipal industries are as follows:
Water Works Department
Revenues _ ___ _ _ ___ __ __
Expenses _ ___ _ _ _ ___ _
Net Revenue. __ _ __ _
Bonaventure Cemetery
Revenues _ __ __ __ _ _
Expenses __ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _
Net Loss _ _ __
Laurel Grove Cemetery
Revenues __ __ ___ _ _ _____
Expenses _ _ _ _ _
Net Loss _ _ ____ __ _ _
City Market
Revenues
Expenses ____ ___ __ _______
Net Revenue __ ____ _ ________
Years Ended December 31
1915
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
148,334.63
*78,090.49
70,244.14
6,338.56
7,055.74
717.18
1 ,635.00
6,659.09
5,024.09
19,944.56
7,482.28
12,462.28
1914
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
144,874.96
68,471.38
76,403.58
6,350.96
6,904.86
553.90
'1,811.50
6,191.01
4,379.51
20,620.02
8,457.98
12,162.04
INCREASE
$ 3,459.67
9,619.11
$
$
150.88
163.28
$
$
468.08
644.58
$ 300.24
DECREASE
$ 6,159.44
$ 12.40
$ ' 176.50
$ 675.46
975.70
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'Includes extraordinary expenditures of $8,937.22.
The Operating Expenses of the several departm ents for the year have exceeded the estimated budget
authorizations therefor by $26,094.19 as follows:
General Government, including Pensions _
Police Department- _-__ ______________
Fire Department _____ ______________
Health Department ____ _____________
Bacteriological Laboratory. __ _ _ _ _
Departments under supervision of Chief Engineer _ ___ ____ it. _________
Charities __ ___ _ ______ __ ___
Industrial Farm __________ _ __
Publicity or Advertising _ _ _ ___ _
Libraries ___ _ _ __
Playgrounds
Park and Tree Commission. _ ______ __
Water Works Department. ___ _ _ __
City Market _____ ____ ________
Total
Actual
Kxponses
$ 84,175.42
158,337.04
125,407.17
32,410.31
7,906.03
249,785.82
32,935.33
3,600.00
7,720.94
11,200.00
11,694.61
29,657.94
78,090.49
7,482.28
$ -840,403.38
Budget
Autliurijjutlons
$ 79,637.53
160,000.00
125,000.00
31,700.00
7,500.00
231,610.00
31,161.66;
3,600.00
15,000.00
11,200.00
11,500.00
29,500.00
69,000.00
7,900.00
$ 814,3*09.19
Overdraft
$ 4,537.89
407.17
710.31
406.03
18,175.82-
1,773.67
194.61
157.94
9,090,49
$ 26,094.19
Underdraft
$~ 1,662.96
7,279.06
417.72

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OPERATING EXPENSES
The comparative operating expenses may be summarized as follows:
General Government, including Pensions. _
Police Department _______ _ _ _ _
Fire Department _ _ ___ _ _ _
Health Department _ __ __ ___ _ _
Bacteriological Laboratory. _ _ __ _ _
Sanitation Department __ _ __ __ _
City Stables and Shops_ _ ___ __ _
Highway Department.. ___ _ __ _ _
Harbor and Wharves Department _ _ __
Board of Purchase Department- __ __ _
Water W.orks Department _ ____ __ ___
Years Ended
1915
$ 84,175.42
158,337.04
125,407.17
32,410.31
7,906.03
150,413.15
2,124.89
93,729.85
3,465.13
52.80
78,090.49
December 31
1914
$ 78,707.41
154,015.63
128,187.33
31,053.60
7,331.75
159,743.23
2,077.28
99,314.20
3,721.14
46.93
68,471.38
INCREASE
$ 5,468.01
4,321.41
1,356.71
574.28
47.61
5.87
9,619.11
DECREASE
$" 2,780.16
9,330.08
5,584.35
256.01
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OPERATING EXPENSES(Continued)
City Market ______ ___ ________
Charities _ ___ ___ __ __ _
Corrections Industrial Farm __ __ __
Libraries __ ____ ___ _ _ _ _ _
Playgrounds _ _ __ _ __ ___ __ _
Publicity or Advertising __ _ _ ______
Daffin Park ____ __ ___ _ _____
Other Parks and Squares _ ____ _____
Bonaventure Cemetery _ __ __ ____
Laurel Grove Cemetery _ _ _____ _
Tree Planting ____ _ _____ ___ _
Colonial Pa'rk Repairs of vaults and tombs_
Total ___________ _
Years Ended
1915
$ 7,482.28
32,935.33
3,600.00
11,200.00
11,694.61
7,720.94
500.00
14,143.18
7,055.74
6,659j09
999.95
299.98
$ 840,403.38
December 31
1914
$ 8,457.98
31,212.72
3,600.00
10,360.00
6,624.50
6,258.09
500.00
14,806.82
6,904.86
6,191.01
999.98
$ 828,585.84
INCREASE
$ 1,722.61
840.00
5,070.11
1,462.85
150.88
468.08
299.98
$ 11,817.54
DECREASE
$ 975.70
663.64
.03
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ASSETSREMUNERATIVE AND REALIZABLE
The assets shown on Exhibit A, classified as land, buildings, permanent improvements, and equipmentremunerative and realizableconsist of the following:
Water Works
Lands _ __ _ _ . __ __ _ _ _ _ _
Buildings _ ^_ __ __ __ _ _ __ _ ___ _ _ __
Wells and Conduits _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ _ _____
Distribution System ____ _ ___ _ _____ _ _ _______ _
Machinery and Equipment _ ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _______
Live Stock and Vehicles ____ __ _ __ _ _ __ _____ __
Furniture and Fixtures _ _______ _.__ _ _____ _
Market
Land
Buildings _
$ 31,404.00
63,125.00
84,970.00
461,907.00
142,16400
1,050.00
40.00
$ 125,000.00
150,000.00
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$ 784,660.00
$ 275,000.00
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ASSETSREMUNERATIVE AND REALIZABLE(Continued)
Bonaventure Cemetery
Land ____________ ________ ____________________
Buildings ___ ___ _ ___ ___________ _ ______ _.___
Pumping Plant _ _ ___ __ _.. ___ _ _______
Equipment __ ___________________ __ _ _ __ _
Laurel Grove Cemetery
Land ____ _. _______ ____ _ _ ______ ___
Buildings _ _ __ _ _ -_ _
Green House _ _ _ _ ___ __ ____ _ _ __ _ _
Equipment _ ____ _ _________ _ __ _ _ ______
Ground Rent, Lots
Wharf Lots Nos. 73 8, and 9, between Bull and Drayton Streets _ _
Total ___ __ __ ______
$ 160,805.18
500.00
5,700.00
777,33
$ 1,996,48
4,800.00
600.00
408.60
$ 167,782.51
$ 7.805.08
72,795.26
64,556.61
$ 1,372,599.46
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ASSETSUNREMUNERATIVE AND REALIZABLE
The classification of the properties (see Exhibit A) under the head of land, buildings, permanent improvements and equipmentunremunerative and realizableis as follows:
Land ___________________$ 329,867.99
Buildings ________________ 503,403.28
Equipment _______________ 271,665.20
Furniture and Fixtures..________ 49,775.35
Parks and Squares ___________ 4,177,500.00
Total ____________$5,332,211.82
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Detail statements of the land, buildings, and parks and squares are shown in this report. See Schedules 2, 3 and 4.
ASSETSUNREMUNERATIVE AND UNREALIZABLE
The following is a summary of the assets classified on Exhibit A as land, buildings, permanent improvements and equipmentunremunerative and unrealizable:
New Streets ______________$1,046,751.03
Storm Water Sewers_________ 670,600.00
House Drainage Sewers________ 260,000.00
Bridges _________________ 11,001.94
Pavements _______________ 1,334,265.08
Sidewalks ________________ 380,447.63
Street Landings _. ___________ 97,500.00
Street Signs __________-___ 843.22 O
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Total ____________$3,801,408.90
DRAINAGE BOND EXPENDITURES
The expenditures to December 31, 1915, for storm and sanitary drainage from proceeds ($604,797.00)
from sale of $600,000.00 drainage bonds are as follows:
Engineering Service ________________________ $ 1,861.50
Jaudon Engineering Co., under contract______________ 3,000.00
Jaudon Engineering Co., for field force______________ 1,252.73
Jaudon Engineering Co., compromise settlement__________ 3,500.00
SalariesClerical _________________________ . 2,350.79
SalariesInspection _________________________ 11,895.68
SalariesSupervision _______________________ 1,524.94
SupervisionHorse and buggy, feed and rent __________ 431.47
SupervisionProportion of cost of automobile________._ 460.73
Printing and Stationery_______________________ 315.40
Postage _____________________________ .24
Telephone and Telegraph______________________ 84.98
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DRAINAGE BOND EXPENDITURES (Cont'd)
Office Supplies and Expenses____________.^____ $ 70.40
Traveling Expenses _____________.._________ 250.00
Express Charges _______________________ _ _ 163.04
Premium on Surety Bonds____________________ 37.50
Law Expenses ___________________________ 31.15
Advertising for Bids _________________________ 644,23
Printing, Signing and Validating Bonds_____________ 1,229.00
Rights of Way ___________________________ 13,209.32
Sewers Constructed by the City__________________ 8,112.03
Pittsburgh Testing Laboratory, for testing material _______ 1,236.41
Testing Machine __________________________ 643.53
Engineering Instruments _ .______________^____ 488.37
Payments to Contractors _______________________ 543,543.73
Repaying after Contractors _____________________ 6,296.64
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Total _________________=,______ $602,633.81
PROCEEDS AND EXPENDITURES AUDITORIUM BONDS
Auditorium Bonds ($200,000.00), dated October 15, 1914, were sold during the year, the proceeds v
being $203,274.40. >
The expenditures to December 31, 1915, on account of construction of the Auditorium, are as follows: O
Crt
Printing, Signing and Validating Bonds _ $ 495.00
Law Expenses _______________ 219.90 . Printing and Stationery __________ 13.50
Advertising for Bids, "Sale of Bonds" __ 63.00
Architect's Fees ______________ 1,708.00
Purchase of Site ______________ 54,913.38 O
Total _____________ $57,412.78
NEW PUBLIC LIBRARY
The expenditures upon the Savannah Public Library to December 31, 1915, are as follows:
Cost of Site_________________$15,045.71
Telephone and Telegraph_________ .32
Traveling Expenses _____________ 150.00
Architect's Fees ______________ 2,510.64
Prizes for Inscription___________ 25.00
Fire Insurance Premium_________ 50.00
Payments to Contractor_________ 14,391.00
$32,172.67
Less received from Carnegie Corporation, 16,901.64
Cost to the City__________$15,271.03
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TAXABLE PROPERTY AND BONDED INDEBTEDNESS
The property within the City of Savannah, assessed for the purpose of taxation, as shown on the books
as of December 31, 1915, is as follows:
Real Estate __________________________________________$38,923,132.00 O
Personal Property ______________-________________________ 17,830,171.00 ^
Franchise Assessments of Public Service Corporations _________________ 1,310,089.00
-Total ______________________.________.____________$58,063,392.00 g
The bonded indebtedness of the city is limited to 7% thereof, or to _____________$ 4,064,000.00
The actual funded debt (outstanding bonds less sinking fund), as of December 31, 1915, is_____________________________ $3,321,000.00
Add new drainage bonds, authorized, not issued_______________ 400,000.00 2
3,721,000.00
The funded debt of the city is accordingly within the constitutional limit by_._______$ 343,000.00
DONATIONS OF TAXES
Included in Operating Expenses, under the head of Charities, the donations during the year for the
purpose of payment of taxes, etc., are as follows:
Bethlehem Baptist Church__________Water rent, July 1, 1914, to December 31, 1915___$ 22.50 *:
Bethel A. M. E. Church____________Execution for street paving, East Broad street___ 52.32
Board of Trustees, Trinity Church______Execution for street paving, Lot P, Heathcote Ward- 197.18
First Tabernacle Baptist Church______Real estate taxes, year 1914_____________ 20.80 >
Immanuel Baptist Church_________Water rent, second half year 1915__________ 5.00
Jewish Educational Alliance________Executions for street paving, Barnard and Charlton
streets ______________________ 335.77 >
Orphan Home, Protestant Episcopal Church_Real estate taxes, year 1914________.____ 340.55
St. Mary's Home_______________Executions for street paving, Habersham street__ 580.59
Society of African Missions in Georgia__. Water rent, second half years 1914 and 1915____ 28.00
South Side Baptist Church__________Real estate taxes, year 1914_____________ 65.33
Union Society____________________Real estate taxes, year 1913______________ 1,788.54 >-3
Union Society________________Real estate taxes, year 1914__-___________ 1,788.54
Total ________________________ ________.._____$5;225.12
The budget for 1916, adopted December 22, 1915, was planned by City Council very carefully, every
effort having been made not to underestimate necessary expenditures and not to overestimate probable
revenues. With all departments striving to operate as economically as possible, it is confidently anticipated
that the result of the operations for 1916 will not show a deficit.
This department has earnestly endeavored to give the accounts, revenues, and expenditures of the
city that careful attention which a private corporation would require and which an interested public de- >
mands. *<
The exhibits and schedules following are:
EXHIBIT AGeneral Balance Sheet. g
SCHEDULE 1Cash ReceiptsCurrent Account.
SCHEDULE 2LandUnremunerative and Realizable.
SCHEDULE 3BuildingsUnremunerative and Realizable.
SCHEDULE 4Parks and SquaresUnremunerative and Realizable. O
EXHIBIT BIncome Statement.
SCHEDULE 5Revenues.
SCHEDULE 6-r-Operating Expenses.
Respectfully submitted,
JAMES FURSE, Comptroller.
8
GENERAL BALANCE SHEET-Exhibit A.
' ASSETS
Current Assets
Cash on Deposit and with Treasurer _____
Accounts Receivable
Not Considered Delinquent __________
Delinquent and Executions Issued _____
Revenues Receivable
Not Considered Delinquent __________
Delinquent and Executions Issued ____
Less Reserves for Discounts and Abatements _____________ __
Materials and Supplies ________________
Total Current Assets ___ _
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$ 8,993,95
12,198.63
19,882.96
200,503.28
26,260.85
$ 226,764.13
33,550.00
$ 193.214.-13
21,321.24
$ 255,610.91
her_31 _____
1014
$ 3,157.7?
9,477.78
16,441.82
192,438.00
20,368.82
$ 212,806.82
26,456.90
$ 186,349.92
22,060.60
$ 237,487.84
INCREASE:
$ 5,836.23
2,720.85
3,441.14
8,065.28
5,892.03
$ 13,957.31
7,093.10
$ 6,864.21
$ 18,123.07
OKI 'KHAKIS
$ 739.36
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GENERAL BALANCE SHEETEXHIBIT A(Continued)
ASSETS
Cash Deposited in Special Account for
Purchase of Books, etc., for New Public Library __ __ ___ _____
Deferred Assets
Unexpired Insurance Premiums _ _____
Unexpired Surety Bond Premiums
Working Fund Clerk of Council _
Expenditures for Sidewalks In Suspense
Expenditures for Street Pavements In
Suspense __ _ _ _ _ ___ ___
Expenses in Suspense Municipal CourtTotal Deferred Assets __ _
Capital Account Cosftv
Proceeds from Sale of Bonds of April 15,
1914 Balance ___ ____ _ __
December 31
1915
$ 3,833.37
$ 1,661.94
316.30
90.00
4,096.52
5,379.80
612.15
$ 12,156.71
191*
$ 1,494.91
25.45
90.00
974.29
21,065.34
$ 23,649.99
$ 571,203.90
INCREASE
S 3,833.37
$ 167.03
290.85
3,122.23
612.13
DECREASE
$ 15,685.54
$ 11,493.28
$ 571^,203.90
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GENERAL BALANCE SHEETEXHIBIT A.(Continued)
ASSETS
Proceeds from Sale of Bonds of October
15, 1914 Balance __________
Total Capital Account Cash _
Land, Buildings, Permanent Improvements
and Equipment
Remunerative and Realizable- _ _ _ __
Unremunerative and Realizable.. __ _
Unremunerative and Unrealizable _____
Construction in Progress 810,1 and
Sanitary Drainage _ _ ____ _ _
Auditorium _ _ ___ ___ _ _
Total Land, Buildings, Etc,__
Total _ _ ___ _
December 81
1915
$ 147,667.00
$ 147,667.00
$ 1,372,599.46
5,332,211.82
3,801,408.90
602,633.81
57,412.78
$11,166,266.77
$11,585,534.76
1914

$ 571,203.90
$ 1,376,693.13
5,331,087.11
3,728,486.36
34,785.97
$10,471,052.57
$11,303,394.30
INCREASE
$ 147,667.00
$ 1,124.71
72,922.54
567,847.84
57,412.78
$ 695,214.20
$ 282,140.46
PECRRASR
$ 423,536.90
$ 4,093.67
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GENERAL BALANCE SHEETEXHIBIT A.(Continued)
LIABILITIES .
Current Liabilities
Overdraft Exchange Bank of Savannah.
Notes Payable Demand _
Notes Payable Time ______ _
Audited Vouchers Payable ___ _____
Audited Pay Rolls Payable- __ __
Unclaimed Wages _ _ _ _ ___
Coupons Due and Unpaid ____ _____
Total Current Liabilities _____
Reserve for Purchase of Books, etc., for
New Public Library ___ _ _ __
Deferred Liabilities
Interest on Notes Payable, Accrued Not
Due ______ _ _ ___ __ _
Interest on Funded Debt, Accrued Not
Due _ _ __ _ _ __
Savannah and Ogeechee Canal Co. __
Total Deferred Liabilities ___
Decera
1915
$ 355,000.00
28,505.29
23,885.15
7,576.88
489.93
6,485.00
$ 421,942.25
3,833.37
$ 967.61
52,148.44
342.05
$ 53,458.10
her 31
1914
$ 9,840.52
284,000.00
83,248.84
43,573.66
8,221.62
307.02
6,152.50
$ 4?5,344.16
$ 4,117.50
4fi 24Q 1 7
4,126.25
$ 54,492.87
INCREASE
$ Ti.ooo'.oo
182.91
332.50
3,833.37
$ 5,899.32
DECREASE
$ 9,840.52
54,743.55
19,688.51
644.74
$ 13,401.91
$ 3,149.89
3,7g4.20
$ 1,034.77
O
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GENERAL BALANCE SHEETEXHIBIT A.(Continued)
LIABILITIES
Trust Funds for Perpetual Care of Lots
Bonaventure Cemetery ______ __
Laurel Grove Cemetery ____________
Less Cash Deposited in Special Accounts,
total Trust Funds _ __
Funded Debt Bonds Outstanding
Series of 1879 Maturing in 1909
Series of 1883-^-Maturing in 1913 _ _
Series of 1909 Maturing in 1959 _ _
Series of 1913 Maturing in 1943 __ __
Series of April 15, 1914 Maturing
Serially
Series of October 15, 114 Maturing
Serially _ __ ____ ____________
Total __ _______
December 31
191S
$ 16,663.12
2,725.00
$ 19,388.12
11,388.12
$ 8,000.00
$ 100.00
2,385,000.00
211,500.00
594,500.00
198,000.00
$ 3,389,100.00
1911
$ 15,113.12
1,525.00
$ 16,638.12
4,475.00
$ 12,163.12
$ 400.00
100.00
2,403,000.00
211,500.00
600,000.00
$ 3,215,000.00
1NCUKASK
$ 1,550.00
1,200.00
$ 2,750.00
6,913.12
$ 198,000.00
$ 174,100.00
PKOREASK
$ x 4,163.12
$ 400.00
18,000.00
5,500.00
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GENERAL BALANCE SHEETEXHIBIT A.(Continued)
LIABILITIES
Less Sinking Fund and Cash with Treas.
applicable to Redemption of Bonds _
Total Funded Debt ____ ___
Total Liabilities ____ __
Surplus of Assets Over Liabilities
Balance, December 31, 1915____ __
Sinking Fund Reserve _ _ ___ __
Additions to Property through Income ___
Deficit in Current Fund Account, as of
December 31, 1915 ___ __ __
Total Surplus _ __ __
Total __ ._ _____
December 31
1915
$ 68,100.00
$ 3,321,000.00
$ 3,808,233.72
$ 7,441,383.72
68,000.00
455,402.57
187,485.25
$ 7,777,301.04
$11,585,534.76
1914
$ 55,500.00
$ 3,159,500.00
$ 3,661,500.15
$ 7,641,894.15
$11,303,394.30
INCREASE
$
$
$
12,600.00
161,500.00
146,733.57
$
$
135,406.89
282,140.46
DECREASE
__
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CASH RECEIPTSCURRENT ACCOUNTSCHEDULE 1
Real Estate Taxes__ _ ___ : ______
Less Discount. __ __ _ _ __ _
Personal Property Taxes. _ __ ___
I ace T^iopnitfi t1
Franchise Taxes _ _ ___ _ ___ _
Less Discount __ __._ _ __ _
Specific Taxes____ ___ __________________
Less Discount _ __ _ ___ ___
Near Beer Licenses
Less Discount __ ___ __ _ _ _ _
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
Years Kndert
1916
535,186.49
48,903.53
486,282.96
242,127 .48
22,953.53
219,173.95
12,284.92
1,226.11
11,058.81
141,544.04
11,429.60
130,114.44
67,062.50
6,615.00
60,447.50
Peeomber 31
1914
$ 772,176.79
72,225.50
$
$
$
$
$
699,951.29
142,058.94
11,549.30
130,509.64
64,350.00
6,315.00
58,035.00
INCREASE
$ 17,422.10
857.67
$ 16,564.43
$ 2,712.50
300.00
$ 2,412.50
DECREASE
$ 514.90
119.70
$ 395.20
..____.. _
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CASH RECEIPTSCURRENT ACCOUNTSCHEDULE 1(Continued)
Badges _ _ ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Less Discount __ __ _ _ _ __
Sink Cleaning Fees _ __ _ _ _ _
Less Discount __ _ __ _ __
,--
Rents Meter Water _ _ _ _ _
Less Discount _ i. _ _____ _ _
Rents FJat Rate Water. __ ___ _
Less Discount _ ____ _ _ _
Market Vault and Stall Rents _ __ _
Less Discount __ _ ___ ________
Years Ended December 31
1915
$
$
$
$
$
'$
$
$
$
$
17,052.00
1,038.50
16,013.50
2,269.90
150.40
2,119.50
20,727.17
, 1,773.83
18,953.34
141,048.96
12,759.57
128,289.39
16,380.16
43.20
16.336.96
1914
$
$
$
$
$.
$
$
$
$
$
16,855.50
1,044.60
15,810.90
2,486.25
179.04
2,307.21
19,143.73
1,584.73
17,559.00
137,050.39
12,342.41
124,707.98
17,112.13
120.80
16.991.33
INCREASE
$ 196.50
$ 202.60
$
$
$
$
1,583.44
189.10
1,394.34
3,998.57
417.16
3,581.41
DECREASE
$ 6.10
$
$

$
$
216.35
28.64
187.71
731.97
77.60
654.37
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CASH RECEIPTS CURRENT ACCOUNT SCHEDULE 1 (Continued)
Market Fees __ _ ____ ; ___________
Police Court Fines ____ ______________
Plumbing Inspection Fees _ _ _________
Electric Inspection Fees _______ ____
Harbor Fees _ ____ ________ __
Surveying Fees _________ _____ 'r
Ball Permits __ _ __ ______________
Miscellaneous Fees and Permits ___ _
Sidewalk Charges__ _____ ____ _____
Street Repair Charges ____ __________
Paving Street Assessments. __ __ ___
Miscellaneous Charges _ ______ _
Miscellaneous Collections
Police Department, __ _____ _
Fire Department __ _ _________
Health Department ____ _ _
Highway and Sanitation Departments _
Sales of Ground Rent Lots and other Lands.
Interest on Daily Cash Balances ____ _
Interest on Sinking Fund Deposits __ _ __
Yours Kmlecl
1015
$ 3,619.10
15,008.00
1,640.50
1,553.50
5,553.90
1,085.00
1,420.00
3,597.71
7,126.87
1,284.26
43,001.88
10,502.83
" 398.67
366.09
433.19
313.22
3,305.17
1,943.95
3,966.34
Docomber 31
1914
3,670.20
14,909.80
1,643.00
1,734.75
6,093.76
1,295.00
1,350.00
3,086.60
4,070.52
2,628.28
37,578.21
18,768.08
619.92
45.55
566.10
1,188.16
566.50
1,353.48
- 411.09
1NOUKASH
98.20
70.00
511.11
3,056.35
5,423.67
320.54
2,738.67
590.47
3,555.25
DKCKKASB
60.10
2.50
181.25
539.86
210.00
1,344.02
8,265.25
221.25
132.91
874.94
AXXUAL MAYOR'S REPORT 88
CASH RECEIPTSCURRENT ACCOUNTSCHEDULE 1(Continued)
-
Ground Rent Interest _ _ _ _ __ _ _
Interest on Delinquent Accounts _ _ __
Bonaventure Cemetery
Sale of Lots_ ___ ___ __ _
Other Collections ___ __ _ _ _ _
Laurel Grove Cemetery
Sale of Lots_ _ __ _ __ _
Other Collections- _ _ _ _ __
Central of Georgia Ry. Co., account Ogeechee Canal _ _ ___ _ __ _ _ _
Current Fund Expenditures Refunded
Drainage Bond Funds _ _ _ __
Auditorium Bond Funds _ ____ _
Standard Fuel Supply Co., account Municipal
Wharf ____ ____ _ _ __ _ _ __
From Carnegie Corporation, account Library
Borrowed Money, Net _ _ _ ______
Total Receipts _
Years Ended
1915
$ 4,321.34
12!. 55
2,424.80
6,483.43
1,189.52
1,635.00
29,000.00
58,106.96
10,442.26
16,90~1.64
71,000.00
$ 1,396,537.03
December 31
1914
$ 4,351.89
48.51
2,112.57
5,993.08
1,367.55
1,746.50
10,000.00
29,035.03
10,000.00
203,000.00
$ 1,435,115.48
1.W c,ti-_<Afci-c_
73.04
312.23
490.35
19,000.00
29,071.93
10,442.26
16,901.64
DECREASE
$ 30.55
178.03
111.50
10,000.00
132,000.00
$ 38,578.45
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SCHEDULE 2.APPRAISED VALUE OF CITY LANDSUNREMUNERATIVE AND
REALIZABLE, AS OF DECEMBER 31, 1915.
GENERAL CITY:
City Hall Lot, 120x90______________________________ $120,000.00
Brampton Wharf Tract400 feet on Savannah River, west of city, 1,000 feet
depth ___________________________________ 10,000.00
Fig Island (east part) originally contained 36J/2 acres, now about 50 acres and
still growing ________________________________ 30,000,00
Hutchinson Island5 acres on Back River (outside city limits)______ 500.00
King's IslandIn Savannah River, opposite Pipemaker Creek, 33 acres (outside limits) __________________________________ 9,900.00
BATTERY WARD (Springfield):
Lot 893.84 acres________________________________ $ 5,760.00
Lot 904.25 acres________________________________ 6,375.00
12,135.00
BROWNSVILLE WARD:
Part of Lot 623,608 sq. ft.________________,_________ $ 198.44
Strip'of Lot 67 628 sq. ft.__________________________ 34.54
68 757 sq. ft.___________________________ 41.63
441,725 sq. ft.___________.______________ 94.37

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MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 91
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APPRAISED VALUE OF CITY LANDS(Continued)
FIRE DEPARTMENT:
Brown WardLot 73, southwest corner Abercorn and Oglethorpe avenue__ $ 15,000.00
Cuthbert WardEast half of Lot 8, south side Henry street_________ 1,350.00
Forsyth WardLot 23, east side Barnard street_______________ 3,750.00
Kelly WardLots 1 and 2, southeast corner Gwinnettand Paulsen_____ 1,500.00
N. Oglethorpe WardLot I, northwest corner Indian and West Broad___ 8,000.00
Solomons WardLots 53 and 54, southeast corner Barnard and 38th____ 2,500.00
Washington WardWest half of Lot 37, north side of Broughton_.__.._ 2,500.00
34,600.00
HAYWOOD WARD:
Lots 29, 30, 315,428.72 sq. ft.__________________________ $ 597.15
Strip of Lot 12l,396.28.sq. ft.__________________________ 209.44
806.59
HEALTH DEPARTMENT:
Pest House Tract, on Timber Landing Creek10 acres __________ $ 1,000.00 O
1,000.00
HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT: . City Lots (Springfield) in Daniel Ward, adjoining Laurel Grove Cemetery
1^4 acres ___________________________________ $ 9,000.00
City Pound Lot, Abercorn and Perry Lane__________________ 10,000.00
19,000.00
vO N)
APPRAISED VALUE OF CITY LANDS(Continued)
DANIEL WARD:
Strip of Lot 671 acre_____________________________ $ 2,200.00
MELDRIM WARD:
Lot 37Strip of land at Burroughs and 35th streets_____________ 100.00
MARSHALL WARD:
Lot B of sub-division of Lot 15__________________________ 450.00
NORWOOD WARD:
Lots 61 and 63___________________________________ $ 1,200.00
Strip of Lot 13126 sq. ft.____________________________ _ 13.86
Strip of Lot 15324 sq. ft._____________________________ 37.64
Strip of Lot 11126 sq. ft._________. ________________ 31.50
Strip of Lot 13324 sq. ft.____________________________ 81.00
1,364.00
PARK AND TREE DEPARTMENT:
Forsyth WardLot 24 (greenhouse)______________________ 3,750.00
POLICE DEPARTMENT:
Police Headquarters LotHabersham and Oglethorpe avenue________ 25,000.00
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APPRAISED VALUE OF CITY LANDS(Continued)
SCHWARZ WARD:
(Millen Lots) northeast part of Lot 12580 sq. ft.__..__..._..______ $ 34.80
South part of Lot 1451,060 sq. ft.____________________ 63.60
South strip of Lot 146 378.75 sq. ft.________..__.._________ 22.75
South strip of Lot 35 710 sq.ft.______________.______ 42.60 $ 163.75
SOLOMONS WARD:
Strip of Lot J215.1 sq. ft.________________.__________ 53.78
Strip of Lot T144.9 sq. ft.___________________________ 36.22 90.00
SOUTHVILLE WARD:
Lot N4,520 sq. ft._______________._________, _____, 800.00
Lot 04,584 sq. ft._____________________________ 800.00 \a
Lot C42d street4,050 sq. ft._________________________ 800.00
Lot 212,700 sq. ft._______________._______________ 600.00 O
Triangular Lot D408 sq. ft..._________. _______________ 40.80
Triangular Lot 23215.6 sq. ft._________________________ 20.00
East strip of Lot 411,240 sq. ft.________________________ 250.00
Lot R2,295 sq. ft._______________. ________________ 450.00
Lot S2,295 sq. ft.__________________.______.______ 450.00 4,210.80
APPRAISED VALUE OF CITY LANDS(Continued)
THOMAS WARD:
(Savannah Public Library) Lots 33, 34, 35; west part of Lot 36; north part
Lots 52, 53 and 54_______________________ $ 15,192.53
TURNER WARD:
Artesian Well LotGwinnett and Philpot__________________ 300.00
TRIANGULAR LOT A:
Northwest corner Blue avenue and Alien street, containing 2.65 acres (outside
city limits) ____________________________ 1,590.00
TRIANGULAR LOT 90:
(Springfield) 5.72 acres (outside city limits)________________ 1,716.00
TRIANGULAR LOT 99:
(Springfield) 4.62 acres (outside city limits)______1 _________________ 1,386.00
POWDER MAGAZINE TRACT:
4J/2 miles on Ogeechee Road21.6 acres_________________ 2,160.00
CANAL PROPERTY:
Strip on west bank Ogeechee Canal280x34_ _ _________ __ 2,000.00
WARING WARD:
West part of Lot 37, Lot 38, and east part of Lot 39Site for colored library 1,050.00
WILLIAMS WARD:
Triangle at Louisville Road and Stiles avenue6,125.5 sq. ft._______ 600.00
WRIGHT WARD:
Strip of Lot 15273.24 sq. ft.___________________________ " 19.13
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APPRAISED VALUE OF CITY LANDS(Continued)
GRAYSON WARD:
Lot No. 1 Strip_______________________ 1,259.22 sq. ft.
3 1,134.00 sq. ft.
4 __________________________ 2,250.00 sq. ft.
152 ___________________________ 949.00 sq. ft.
151 __________________________ 965.76 sq. ft.
150 ________ _ _________ 982.44 sq. ft.
149 ___________________________ 999.12 sq. ft.
148 ___L______________________ 1,015.92 sq. ft.
X
Strip on east side of Paulsen street of above five Lots _____ 906.97 sq. ft.
X
Lot No. 145 __________________________ 472.86 sq. ft.

144 __________________________ 1,082.64 sq. ft.
143 __________________________ 1,099.44 sq. ft.
142 __________________________ 1,116.12 sq. ft.
141 __________________________ 1,134.00 sq. ft.
O
Strip, on east sidfi of Paulsen street of above five Lots ___ 343.80 sq. ft.
Lot No. 140 __________________________ 1,150.68 sq. ft.
139 __________________________ 1,166.16 sq. ft.
138 ___________________________ 1,182.96 sq. ft.
137 ___________________________ 1,084.00 sq. ft.
134 __________________________ 746.60 sq. ft.
APPRAISED VALUE OF CITY LANDS(Continued)
Lot No. 133 __________________________ ,266.48 sq. ft.
132 __________________________ ,283.16 sq. ft.
131 __________________________ ,299.84 sq. ft.
130 __-_________________________ ,316.52 sq. ft.
129 __________________________ ,333.20 sq. ft.
128 ___________________________ ,350.00 sq. ft.
127 .._________________________ ,366.68 sq. ft.
126 ____________________._____ ,070.61 sq. ft.
123 ____________________.______ ,040.95 sq. ft.
122 ___________________________ ,450.20 sq. ft.
121 ___________________...______ ,466.88 sq. ft.
120 __..________________..._____ ,483.56'sq. ft.
119 ___________________________ ,505.04 sq. ft.
118 __._______________..________ ,517.04 sq. ft.
117 __. _______________________ ,533.72 sq. ft.
116 ___________________________ ,549.92 sq. ft.
115 ___________________________ ,001.61 sq. ft. '_;. .:. i; .<.;! 43,877.10 sq. ft.
Total ___________.__________________________________
$ 7,678.49
$329,867.99
SCHEDULE 3.- -APPRAISED VALUE OF BUILDINGSUNREMUNERATIVE AND
REALIZABLE, AS OF DECEMBER 31, 1915.
GENERAL CITY:
City Hall ____________________________________ $220,000.00 >
Powder Magazine ___________ J.______________________________ 2,300.00 O $222,300.00
POLICE DEPARTMENT:
Police Headquarters _________________________.__ 50,000.00
Emergency Motorcycle Station, Thomas Park________________ 539.60 50,539.60
FIRE DEPARTMENT:
Engine House No. 1_________.________________ 9,000.00 ,-,
" 2_______________._______________ 12,000.00 w
" 3 (Headquarters) _____________-_______ 25,000.00
" " 4________________________________ 8,000.00
", . " " 5_..____________________________ 10,000.00
" 6________________________________ 8,000.00
" " 7________________________.________ 16,000.00
88,000.00
VD
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APPRAISED VALUE OF BUILDINGS(Continued)
HEALTH DEPARTMENT:
Buildings on Pest-House Tract
1 two-story frame dwelling (Smallpox Hospital)___________1
2 one-story frame detention barracks ________________ > $ 2,000.00
1 one-story frame building for ambulance____________ J
SANITATION DEPARTMENT:
Incinerator Plant ______________________________ 126,563.68 o
HIGHWAYS DEPARTMENT:
City Lot Buildings
1 Office Building _____________________________ 1,000.00
1 Main Building (City Stables)_____________________ 5,000.00
2 Sheds, west of main stable______________________ 3,500.00
4 Shops (carpenter, paint, wheelwright and blacksmith) ________ 2,100.00 r
1 Store Room, west of blacksmith shop________________ 100.00
1 Pipe-testing Shed ___________________________' 150.00
2 Open Sheds __.._______________________. ____ 150.00 o
12,000.00
PARK AND TREE DEPARTMENT:
Keeper's Residence, Daffin Park___________,__^________ 1,200.00
Stables and Work Shop, Gwinnett street, west (not on city's property)__ 800.00 2,000.00
Total _________________.___.___________ $503,403.28
SCHEDULE 4.
APPRAISED VALUE OF PARKS AND SQUARESUNREMUNERATIVE AND
REALIZABLE, AS OF DECEMBER 31, 1915.
8
NAME ACRES
PARKS:
Adams ________________________________ 1.
Baldwin ____.____________________________ 1.2
Cann _________________________________ 2.18
Dasher _______________________________ .2
Daffin ______________________.___________ 80.40
Dixon ___________________________-_______ 1.29
Entelman ________________________________ 1.
Emmett _________________..___________________ 4.75
Forsyth__________________________________ 10.
Gaudry ________________________________
Grayson ________________________________ .75
Guckenheimer ______________________________ .2
Kavanaugh __________________. __________
Lattimore __.._____________. ___
McCauley ____________________. ___________ .2
$
AMOUNT
12,000.00
25,000.00
10,000.00
4,000.00
250,000.00
15,000.00
20,000.00
200,000.00
1,000,000.00
15,000.00
17,000.00
20,000.00
20,000.00
20,000.00
12,000.00
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APPRAISED VALUE OF PARKS AND SQUARES(Continued
NAME ACRES
Myers_____________. ____________ 1.56
Solomons _________________ .______________ 1.2
Thomas _____________________. __________ 2.
Theus _______________I__.......____________ 1.2
Tiedeman _______________. ____ .________'__ 2.75
Vetsburg ______________ . ____..__________ 1.
Park at Bull and Estil avenue____________________ 2.
StrandBay, East and West_________..__________
SQUARES:
NAME ACRES
Chatham _______________________________ 1.02
Chippewa ____________ ____________________ 1.40
Calhoun ______________________________ .91
Columbia ___________________..____________ .55
Crawford _____________________..___________ .56
Elbert ______________________ .____________ .53
Franklin_____________________.___________ .50
Greene _________'.___________...__________ .50
AMOUNT
$ 7,000.00
10,000.00
50,000.00
15,000.00
75,000.00
18,000.00
2,500.00
250,000.00
$2,067,500.00
AMOUNT
$ 70,000.00
200,000.00
75,000.00
50,000.00
40,000.00
50,000.00
60,000.00
40,000.00
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APPRAISED VALUE OF PARKS AND SQUARES(Continued
NAME ACRES
Johnson _..____________________________ 1.19
Lafayette _______________________________ .99
Liberty _ ...______________________________ .50
Madison ____________________ .___________ 1.07
Monterey _:_____________________________ .96
Oglethorpe ___________.._________________ 1.05
Orleans _______________________________ .99
Pulaski ________________________________ 1.16
Reynolds ___________________..___________ .98
Telfair ____________________.________.._ ,98
Troup ___________________ ______________ .55
Warren ________ ______..________ _ _ _ __ _ .54
Washington __________________._________ ,54
Wells __________ ______ ___ __________ 1.40
Wright _____.______________.__.'__________ .85
Whitfield _______________-___________________ .53
Total ____________...__.... ..___________:
AMOUNT
300,000.00
75,000.00
50,000,00
175,000.00
125,000.00
75,000.00
70,000.00
70,000.00
100,000.00
100,000.00
60,000.00
50,000.00
40,000.00
20,000.00
150,000.00
65,000.00
$2,110,UUO.OO
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$4,117,500.00
INCOME STATEMENTEXHIBIT B.
Total Revenues (Schedule 5)_ _ _ _
Additions to Income:
Interest __ _-_ __ _ _ _ __ _____
Miscellaneous Additions ___ _ _ _ _
Total _ ___ _ _ ___
Total Revenues and Additions to Income
Operating Expenses (Schedule C) _ _____
Deductions from Income:
Sinking Fund Provision Bonds of 1959
and 1943 _ _ ___________
Drainage Bonds matured April 15, 1915 _
Auditorium Bonds matured Oct. 15, 1915_
Interest on Funded Debt _ _____
Interest on Notes Payable : __ _ _
Years Ended December 31
1915
$
$
$
$
$
$
1,140,002.47
6,376.24
50.00
6,426,24
1,146.428.71
840,403.38
31,000.00
5,500.00
2,000.00
129,201.00
16,334.42
1914
$
$
$
$
$
$
1,120,463.28
5,795.60
46.97
5,842.57
1,126,305.85
828,585.84
29,000.00
117,241.41
10,267.30
INCREASE
$ 19,539.19
580.64
3.03
$ 583.67
$ 20,122;86
11,817.54
$ 2,000.00
5,500.00
2,000.00
11,959.59
6,067.12
DECREASE
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104 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT Oo
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INCOME STATEMENT(Continued)
Police Department Furniture and Fixtures _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _
Police Department Emergency Motorcycle Station, Thomas Park _ ______
Fire Department Automobile _ _ _
Fire Department Extensions Fire
Alarm System _ _ __ ___ _
Highway and Sanitation Departments:
Automobiles _ ___ _ ___
New Street Signs _ _ ___ _ _
Steam Hoister _ _ _ _ __ _
New Live Stock _ _ ____ __ _ _
Harbor and Wharves Department :
Automobile for Harbor Master. __ .
Water Works Department :
Extensions Distribution System _ .
Automobile _ __ _ ____________
Liquid Chlorine Apparatus _ _- .___
Years Ended
1915
1,560.00
130.00
425.00
171.15
1,300.00
2,850.00
520.00
9,957.84
500.00
600.00
December 31
1914
$ 1R3.55
539.60
987.00
672.07
3,804.50
11,790.50
INCREASE
1,560.00
130.00
1,300.00
520.00
500.00
600.00
DECKEASB
$ 163.55
539.60
562.00
500.92
954.50
1,832.66
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INCOME STATEMENT(Continued)
Construction of New Sidewalks on
City's Property __ __ _ __ _ __
Cost of New Streets and Opening and
Grading Thereof ___ __ _
City's Proportion of Cost of Paving
Streets _ _ _ _
Extensions of Water Mains, Bonaventure Cemetery _ .. _ ___________
Incinerator Plant ____________________
Municipal Wharf, between Bull and
Drayton _____ ____ __ _
Carnegie Library Site __ __ ____ ___
Land in Grayson Ward, 43,877.10 sq.
feet
Miscellaneous Strips of Land_ __ _
Total
Years Knddrt
1815
$ 1,020.74
38,917.30
32,813.35
500.00
7,678.49
$ 103,309.93
December 31
1014
$ 1,426.89
17,335.30
22,802.72
82,762.02
54,556.61
15,192.53
212.50
$ 216,002.99
INCREASE
21,582.00
10,010.63
500.00
7,678.49
OKPRBASK
$ 406.15
1
82,762.02
54,556.61
15,192.53
21? EA
$ 112,693.06
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INCOME STATEMENT(Continued)
Less:
Sales of Bonaventure Cemetery Lots _
Sales of Laurel Grove Cemetery LotsSales of Ground Rent Lots _ ______
Sales of Other Land and Equipment _
Inventory Adjustments of Value of Live
Stock and Equipment _ _ _______
Total ___ __ _ __ _ _ _ _
Net Additions to Property through Income.. _
Notes Payable for Outlays Issued Prior to
January 28, 1913 _ _ _ __ _ _ __
Rehabilitation Cemetery Trust Funds_ _____
Total Deductions from Net Operating
Income _ __ _ _ _________
Deficit __ _ _ _ __ ____ _
Years Ended
1915
$ 2,424.80
1,189.52
3,325.13
1,385.09
$ 8,324.54
$ 94,985.39
54,743.55
4,163.12
$ 153,892.06
$ 33,525.71
December 81
19H
$ 2,112.57
1,302.55
1,315.20
1,433.03
7,549.72
$ 13,713.07
202,289.92
95,883.71
$ 298,173.63
$ 160,721.71
INCREASE
$ 312.23
2,009.93
$" 4,163.12
DECREASE
$ 1 13.03
47.94
7,549.72
$ 5,388.53
$ 107,301.53
41,140.16
$ 144,281.57
$ 127,196.00
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OPERATING REVENUESSCHEDULE 5
Real Estate Taxes __...._ .... . .._ _ _....
Less Discount-- ..... __ .. _.. _____
Personal Property Taxes- __ ____ __
Less Discount ____ _ __ __
Franchise Taxes- ___ _ _ __ ___
Less Discount _____ ___ _
Specific Taxes _ _ __ _____ ____ __
Less Discount.- _ __ ___ _
Near Beer Licenses ___ _ _ _ _ ___ ___
Less Discount _ _ __ _ __ _____
$
$
$
$
$
$
Yours lOmleel
1(115
542,808,36
52,630.57
490,177.79
245,156.59
23,569.64
221,586.95
12,440.20
1,242.48
11,206.72
141,070.50
11,379.60
129,690.90
67,062.50
6,615.00
60,447.50
December 31
11)14
$ 526,079.49
51,331.37
$
$
$
$
$
474,698.12
244,731.34
23,684.52
221,046.82
12,662.58
1,264.75
11,397.83
141,689.50
11,493.05
130,196.45
64,350.00
6,315.00
58,035.00
$ 16,728.87
1,249.20
$ 15,479.67
425.25
$ 540.13
$ 2,712.50
300.00
$ 2,412.50
DKORIOASK
$ 114.88
$ 213.33
22.27
$ 191.11
619.00
113.45
$ 505.55
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OPERATING REVENUES(Continued) lj
i
=52 50
t460
17 PO
WOO
W25 MOO
moo
MOO
600
757fi
HOO
',7 SO
1810
1490
7904
iSRfi
INCREASE
$ 190.50
$ 196.60
517.40
165.00
$ 3.00
113.00
DECREASE
$ 6.10
$ 186.25
82.00
$ 247.00
527.86
16.64
153.90
299.50
28.64
$ 270.86
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OPERATING REVENUES(Continued)
Surveying Fees _ ______ ______
Wharfaop Fees
Water Meter Inspection Fees ____________
Ball Permits _ _ ____ _____________
Moving Furniture Permits _ _ ___________
Police Court Fines _ _ __ ___ ______
Police Department Services ______ ___
Rents Miscellaneous City Property _ _
Rents Municipal Wharves ___ ________
Rents Meter Water ____ ___ __ _ _
Less Discount ___ ___ ______
Rents Flat Rate Water __ ______ _
Le'ss Discount ___ _ _ _ _
Years Kmleu
1915
$ 1,085.00
328.09
1,420.00
4.00
14,998.00
1,800.00
198.00
85.00
20,626.69
1,773.83
$ 18,852.86
140,990.34
12,759.57
$ 128.230.77
December 31
1914
$ 1,295.00
285.00
1.00
1,350.00
15.50
14,899.80
1,910.00
273.25
110.00
19,058.71
1,584.73
$ 17,473.98
138,348.74
12,334.76
$ 126,013.98
INCUKASR
$ 43.09
70.00
98.20
1,567.98
189.10
$ 1,378.88
2,641.60
424.81
$ 2,216.79
1>KOUKA8K
$ 210.00
1.00
11.50
1 10.00
75.25
25.00
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OPERATING REVENUES(Continued)
Rents Old Water Works' Tract ___ __
Miscellaneous Water Charges __________
Market Vault and Stall Rents ____ _
Less Discount
Market Fees _ ___ __
Bonaventure Cemetery
Care of Lots. _ _ _ _ ___________
Burial Fees ___ _______ _
Water Rents __ __ __ ____ _____
Miscellaneous _ _ _ ___ _
Laurel Grove Cemetery
Burial Fees _ _ _ _ _____
Miscellaneous _ _ _ _ _ __
Miscellaneous Other Revenue ______ _
Total Revenues ____ ________
Years Ended
1915
$ 200.00
1,051.00
16,368.66
43.20
$ 16,325.46
3,619.10
3,292.70
762.50
945.75
1,337.61
1,575.00
60.00
1,007.91
$ 1.140.002.47
December 31
1914
$ 200.00
1,187.00
17,061.62
120.80
$ 16,940.82
3,679.20
3,438.74
643.50
950.08
1,318.64
1,745.50
66.00
1,005.70
$ 1.120.463.28
INCREASE
$" 119.00
18.97
2.21
$ 19.539.19
DECREASE
$ 136.00
692.96
77.60
$ 615.36
60.10
146.04
4.33
170.50
6.00
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OPERATING EXPENSESSCHEDULE
6
GENERAL GOVERNMENT
Executive and Legislative
Salary of Mayor ______ __ _____
Salary of Mayor's Secretary ___ _
_
Salaries of Aldermen ____ _________
Salaries of Clerk of Council & Assistant
Salary and Uniform of Porter __________
Office Expenses and Supplies __________
Printing and Stationery.. _____ _
_
Postage, Telephone and Telegraph _____
Surety Bond Premiums ______ _
_
Publishing Mayor's Annual Report _
_
Publishing Council Proceedings, etc. __
Badges _ _ _ __ ___ _ ___
Salary of Clerk of Commissioners of
Pilotage __ _ ___ _ _ ___
_
Miscellaneous Expenses ____________
Total _ _ _ _ _ ___ ______
Yfars Knilcd
IftlB
$ 5,845.16
2,100.00
3,110.00
5,258.06
493.90
147.28
253.65
217.25
15.25
1,261.62
2,090.00
71.59
75.00
1,427.77
$ 22,366',53
1 >eon $$
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OPERATING EXPENSES(Continued)
GENERAL GOVERNMENT
Comptroller's Office
Salary of Comptroller __ __ _ _
Salaries of Office Clerks__ _ _ _ _
Office Expenses and Supplies _ _ __
Printing and Stationery. __ _ ____
Postage, Telephone and Telegraph. __
Surety Bond Premiums. __ __ ____
Total _ _
Treasurer's Office
Salary of Treasurer __________________
Salaries of Office Clerks __ _ _____
Salary and Uniform of Porter... __ _
Office Expenses and Supplies. _ _
Printing and Stationery _ _ _____
Postage, Telephone and Telegraph. _ __
Surety Bond Premiums.. ... ___ _
Years Kiulecl
1915
$ 3,500.00
1,103,36
13.13
188.25
34.24
1.67
$ 4,840.65
$ 2,313.43
5,883.28
733.90
78.93
307.65
224.65
144.36
December 31
1914
$ 3,500.00
1,800.88
15.22
550.35
2.00
19.63
$ 5,888.08
$ 2,500.00
6,236.05
733.75
76.78
822.15
277.68
150.39
INCREASE

$ 32.24
,
1
$ .15
2.15
DECREASE
$ 697.52
2 OQ
362.10
17.96
S 1,047.43
$ 186.57
352.77
514.50
53.03
6.03
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OPERATING EXPENSES(Continued)
GENERAL GOVERNMENT
Furniture and Fixtures Repairs and
Replacements ______ _ __ ___
Badges __ _ ___________ ___
Commission on Coupons _____________
Total
Assessment of Taxes
Salaries of Tax Assessors.. ___________
Salaries of Office Clerks. ___ __ __
Office Expenses and Supplies ________
Printing and Stationery ____ __ _ __
Postage, Telephone and Telegraph ______
Surety Bond Premiums _ _ _
Furniture and Fixtures Repairs and
Replacements __ _ _ _ _ __ __ ___
Total _ _____________
Years Kncletl December 31
191B
$ 17.67
184.66
57.60
$ 9,946.13
$ 3,800.00
2,058.34
39.72
199.11
131.00
17.24
$ 6,245.41
$
1914
10.45
167.04
$
$
$
10,974.29
3,785.34
1,102.37
25.40
294.59
172.00
22.22
2.50
5,404.42
INtTKKASK
$ 7.22
17.62
57.60
$ 14.66
955.97
14.32
$ 840.99
nBOKRASK
$ 1,028.16
$ 95.48
41.00
4.98
2.50
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OPERATING EXPENSES(Continued)
GENERAL GOVERNMENT
Marshal's Office
Salary of Marshal__ _ _ __ _ _
Salaries of Deputies and Office Clerks. _
Office Expenses and Supplies ___ _
Printing and Stationery ___ _ _
Postage, Telephone and Telegraph
Surety Bond Premiums ____________
Stable Expenses _ __ _ _____________
Maintenance of Equipment ___ _
Motor Vehicles Operation _ _
Motor Vehicle Maintenance __
Total __ ___ __ ______
Years Ended
1915
$ 1,800.00
3,254.00
35.95
79.85
60.00
38.84
148.67
28.69
23.02
2.25
$ 5,471.27
December 31
1914
$ 1,800.00
3,948.00
35.95
261.05
100.00
47.53
146.63
35.50
$ 6,374.66
IfN oivfliA&lli
$ 2.04
23.02
2.25
U J?*l_,rl KJ A!b a
$ 694.00
181.20
40.00
8.69
6.81
$ 903.39
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OPERATING EXPENSES(Continued)
GENERAL GOVERNMENT
Law Department
Salaries of City Attorney and Assistant. _
Salary of Special Agent _______________
Litigation Expenses __________________
Miscellaneous Items _________________
Damage Settlements and Judgments _____
Total ________ _ __________
Registration and Elections
Salaries in re Registrations ____________
Salaries in re Elections _______ __
Printing and Stationery ___ ________
Miscellaneous Items __ _ ____ __
Total _ __________ _ _
Municipal Building
Salary of Custodian. ___ _ _ __
Salary of Engineer. ____ __________
Fuel _'
Lights ___ _ __ _ __ __________
Ice - _ - _ _
Yours Ended
1915
$ 4,159.68
257.34
29.80
2,866.10
$ 7,312.92
$ 344.64
514.00
20.05
35.55
$ 914.24
$ 1,200.00
840.00
229.00
594.17
101.28
December 31
1014
$ 3,600.00
40.00
152.65
68.50
1,222.50
$ 5,083.65
$ 1,200.00
840.00
821.55
121.50
INOEIBASH
$ 559.68
104.69
1,643.60
$ 2,229.27
$ 344.64
514.00
20.05
35.55
$ 914.24.
.62
UTOKA..H
$ 40.00
38.70
20.22
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OPERATING EXPENSES(Continued)
GENERAL GOVERNMENT
Insurance __ _ _ _ _ __ __ _
Elevator Operation ___ ___ _ _
Elevator Maintenance _ _ _ _ _
Building Maintenance _ _ _ _ _
Furniture and Fixtures Repairs and
Replacements _ _____ ________
City Clocks' Expense _ ___ _ ___
(a) Cleaning Expense Labor ___ _ _
(b) Cleaning Expense Material ___ _ _
Towel Service _ _ ... _ __ _
Surety Bond Premiums _ _ _ _ _
Salaries and Uniforms of Porters. _ _
Miscellaneous Items ______ _
Total _ __ ___ ____ . _
CourtsSalary of Recorder ______ _ _
Salary of Clerk _______ ___ _
Printing and Stationery. _ __________
Maintenance of Court Building _ _ _
Years Ended
1915
$ 454.52
1,004.46
794.83
103.93
263.50
300.00
487.00
115.93
130.00
5.04"
513.80
64.50
$ 7,201.98
$ 2,500.00
900.00
325.25
December 31
1914
$ 487.31
891.10
65.87
81.53
43.57
300.00
638.77
130.00
5.62
493.75
25.00
S 6,145.57
$ 2,500.00
900.00
137.88
82.40
INCREASE
113.38
728.96
22.40
219.93
20.05
39.50
$ 1,056.41
$ 187.37
DECREASE
$ 32.79
> OtJ.OnP
.58
$ 82.40
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OPERATING EXPENSES(Continued)

Furniture and Fixtures- Repairs and
Replacements ____ ___________
Total _
Pensions and Gratuities-
Tax Assessors ___ ____ : _ _______
Police Department _ _______ ,__
Fire Department __ -__ _ ____ ._
Highway and Sanitation Departments _
Widows and Orphans of Policemen and
Firemen ___ ____ - _____________
Health Department __________________
Total _ _
Miscellaneous
Salary of Building Inspector _____ _
Other Building Inspection Expenses _ .._
Care of Powder Magazine _____________
Total __ _______ _______
Total General Government ____ _
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
Years Knrtert
liHf.
9.75
3,735,00
4,666.40
3,480.00
3,510.85
2,079.00
297.50
14,033.75
1,500.00
272.64
334.90
2,107.54
84,175.42
December 31
1014
$
$
3,620.28
876.67
4,406.41
3,245.00
3,327.72
2,294.00
$
$
$
$
14,149.80
1 ,500.00
236.66
300.00
2,036.66
78,707.41
1NCHRAKM
$
$
$
9.75
114.72
259.99
235.00
183.13
297.50
$
$
$
35.98
34.90
70.88
5,468.01
DKCKKASK
$ 876.67
215.00
$ 116.05
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OPERATING EXPENSES(Continued)
i
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Wi>i-rIW
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^AFFTY PHI IPF HFP'T > 1 1 * Wl^iV^JQ JLJCrl 1
Salary of Chief of Police__ _ ____________
Salaries of Subordinate Commanding Officers
Salaries of Patrolmen __ _ _ , _______
Salaries of Detectives _ _ _ _ _ _
Salaries of Office Clerks. __ _______
Other Salaries __ _ ____ _ __ __
Office Expenses and Supplies ____________
Printing and Stationery. __ _ _ _______
Postage, Telephone and Telegraph. _______
Lights _ _ __ ____ ________
Fuel _ __ ._ __, _ _ __ ___ _ _
Insurance _ _ _ ___ _ _______
Surety Bond Premiums _ __ _ _ ____
Telephone System Operation and Maintenance ___ ___ __ _ _ _ _ ____
Motor Vehicles Operation _ _ __ _
Motor Vehicles Maintenance _ _ ___ _
Years Ended
1015
$ 2,600.00
17,471.82
96,389.89
10,198.47
1,800.00
4,541.61
166.53
325.06
574.44
454.27
469.00
153.43
28.56
1,500.00
874.61
2,512.02
December 31
1914
$ 2,600.00
16,982.99
93,390.30
9,471.71
1,786.70
4,490.00
87.31
389.12
654.27
897.70
142.64
31.89
1,109.78
878.00
2,630.73
INCREASE
$ 488.83
2,999.59
726.76
13.30
51.61
79.22
_-O.U /
10.79
390.22
DECREASE
$ 64.06
79.83
3.33
3.39
118.71
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OPERATING EXPENSES(Continued)
PUBLIC SAFETY POLICE DEP'T
Maintenance of Other Vehicles.
Maintenance of Buildings
Care of Live Stock _ _
Replacement of Live Stock__ _ ______
Care of Uniform Equipment
Replacement of Uniform Equipment _______
Collars, Gloves, etc., for Patrolmen ________
Jail Operation
Dog Impounding Expenses ___ -
Police Military Reserve
Equipment and Maintenance Thereof ______
Furniture and Fixtures Repairs and Replacements _
Miscellaneous Items
Total - _ _ . .
Yenvs 1'Jnclftrt
1915
$ 133.35
263.62
6,312.14
385.00
75.75
3,739.09
76.45
2,075.34
1,070.90
3,000.00
145.43
746.74
36.70
216.82'
$ 158,337.04
December 31
1914
$ 197.90
523.16
6,651.07
345.00
99.85
2,962.61
2,205.80
1,112.83
3,000.00
170.90
754.44
170.75
278.18
$ 154,015.63
INCKKAS10
40.00
776.48
76.45
$ 4,321.41
UKtUlKAHW
$ 64.55
259.54
338.93
24.10
130.46
41.93
25.47
7.70
134.05
61.36
MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
OPERATING EXPENSES(Continued)
jrUoLlL. bArnli rlKb IJiirAKlJVltiNl
Salaries of Chief and Assistants _ _______
Salaries of Captains and Lieutenants__ _____
Salaries of Engineers and Stokers ____ _
Salaries of Chauffeurs and Drivers______ _
Salaries of Inspectors ___________ _
Salaries of Office Clerks ___ _______
Other Salaries _ _ __ _ _ _ _______
(a) Office Expenses and Supplies ________
(b) Station Houses Expenses and Supplies
Printing and Stationery _ _ ____ _ _
Postage, Telephone and Telegraph _ ______
Lights ___ _ _ _ _
Fuel ______ __ __ ______ __
Insurance _ ___ _ _ ___ _____
Surety Bond Premiums- _ _ _ _ _
Fire Alarm System Expenses _ _ __ _
Motor-Drawn Apparatus Operation _ _
Motor-Drawn Aooaratus Maintenance _
Years Ended
1915
$ 5,559.17
20,512,38
9,774.04
3,017.96
6,855.00
1,500.00
58,105.50
206.03
791.18
288.81
241.80
335.76
548.00
14.30
1,900.00
1,024.05
3,186.06
December 31
1914
$ 5,280.00
20,563.89
9,712.53
2,788.36
5,898,00
1,498.26
57,796.56
117.00
280.15
215.66
1,391.63
1.57
21.40
i ry*4. QC
1,072.94
5.841.20
INCREASE
$ 279.17
61.51
229.60
957.00
1.74
308.94
89,03
791.18
8.66
26.14 }--;-;-
865.05i
l_*.i_itjJt\_*iAC5.EJ
$ 51.51
_.. _ _ _ . .J
507.87
1.57
7.10
48.89
2.655.14
o
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OPERATING EXPENSES(Continued)
PUBLIC SAFETY FIRE DEPARTMENT
Horse- Drawn Apparatus Maintenance __
Care of Live Stock ________ _______
Replacement of Live Stock ________ _
Care of Uniform Equipment- __ __ _ _
Replacement of Uniform Equipment _ _
Maintenance of Buildings _ .._ _ _ _ ._ _
Furniture and Fixtures Repairs and Replacements _ __ _ _ _ _
Medical Attention ____ __ _ ______
Refreshments for Firemen on Duty __ _
Replacement of Hose _ ___ _________
Electric Inspection __ _________ _
Chemical Supplies _ _ ____ _____ _
Chimney Sweeping __ ____ __________
Traveling _________ ______________
Miscellaneous Items ____ _ _____ .
Total ________ ____ __
Years Kmlert
1015
$ 129.48
1,577.27
250.50
1.00
3,421.04
724.54
206.65
6.00
25.95
2,265.39
1,537.20
142.08
956.06
150.00
153.97
December SI
1914
$ 303.84
1 ,504.49
3,882.26
2,214.38
743.75
82.50
2,409.25
1,509.90
177.82
901.18
150.00
793.86
S 125,407.17)$ 128,187.33
INOREAHK
72.78
250.50
1.00
25.95
/
27.30
__________J
54.88
DRt'RKASK
$ 174.36
_ _ _ I
i
461.22
1,489.84
537.10.
76.50
143.86
35.74
639.89
$ 2,780.16
V,
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OPERATING EXPENSES (Continued)
PUBLIC SAFETY BOARD OF HEALTH
Salary of Health Officer __ _ ___ _
Salaries of Office Clerks _ __ _ _
Salary and Uniform of Porter _ _ _ __
Office Expenses and Supplies _ _ _ _
Printing and Stationery- ___ _ __ _
Postage, Telephone and Telegraph. __ _
Insurance _ __ _ _ ____ _ _ _
Sanitary Inspection _ _ _ _ _ __
Milk Inspection ______ ___ _ _____
Salary of Chief Food Inspector _ ___ _
Salaries of Other Food Inspectors _ _____
Other Food Inspection Expenses _ _ _ _
Plumbing Inspection __ . ___ _ __
Sink Inspection _ ___ _ __ _ _ _
Sink Cleaning _ ____ _ _ _ _
Small-pox Hospital Operation _ _ _
Small-pox Hospital Maintenance _ _____
Care of Live Stock_ _ ___ __ __ _
Replacement of Live Stock_ ___ _ _____
Motor-Vehicles Operation _ _ ___ __
Motor-Vehicles Maintenance _ __ _
Years Ended December 31
1915
$ 3,973.11
2,700.00
493.90
56.81
317.37
188.30
49.06
8,225.00
903.05
2,000.00
2,580.00
171.16
1,712.57
900.00
2,141.67
1,050.86
300.35
.595.99
10.00
528.33
420.15
1914
$ 3,600.00
2,845.16
493.75
56.36
184.75
173.82
55.01
7,743.79
900.00
913.94
2,580.00
189.03
1,674.62
899.20
2,429.00
1,259.88
210.70
487.36
490.12
482.87
INCREASE
$ 373.11
.15
.45
132.62
14.48
481.21
3.05
1,086.06
37.95
.80
89.65
108.63
10.00
38.21
DECREASE
$ 145.16
5.95
*
17.87
287.33
209.02
62.72
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 123
OPERATING EXPENSES(Continued)
PUBLIC SAFETY BOARD OF HEALTH
Other Vehicles Maintenance ___________
Vaccination Service _________ _____
Disinfection Service _ ___ __ _ _
Burial Expenses _________ _ _____
Bacteriological Laboratory
Salaries ________ ____ ______
Chemicals, Glassware and Other Supplies
Fixed Equipment _ _ ___ ________
Library ________ __ ___ _ _ ______
Postage, Telephone, Printing and Stationery ______ ______ ___ _____
Other Expenses ______ _____ ______
Diphtheria Antitoxin _____ ___________
Tetanus and Meningitis Serums __ __ __
Furniture and Fixtures Repairs and Replacements _____ ___ _____
Miscellaneous Items ________ _ _
Exhibit at Jacksonville, Fla. _ ___ _ _
Total _ ____ __ ___ ___
Years Kmleil
laiB
$ " "267707
56.14
2,364.96
207.25
5,845.83
430.12
409.80
511.74
282.00
426.54
174.30
48.67
* 26.20
.50
$ 40.316.34
Itaeember 31
1D14
$ "712.75
141.70
68.25
2,358.90
136.25
5,340.00
687.57
480.41
823.77
117.50
21.73
55.75
60.55
310.86
$ 38,385.35
1NCHRASR
$~ 154^26
6.06
71.00
505.83
409.80
31.33
282.00
56.80
26.94
$ 1,930.99
URORKASB
S 141.70
12.11
257.45
(,
j
397.23
81.95
60.05
310.86
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'Credit
OPERATING EXPENSES(Continued)
SANITATION DEPARTMENT
Salary of Chief Engineer Proportion _ _
Other General Salaries __ __ _ _ __
Cleaning Sheet Asphalt Streets ____________
Cleaning Other Paved Streets __ __ _____
Cleaning Unpaved Streets and Lanes _ _
Garbage Collection _ __ ____ _ __ _
Garbage Disposal ____ __ _________
Incinerator Operation ___ _ _ __
Clinker Disposal ______ ____ _ _
Weighing Refuse and Delivery of Same to
Hoppers _ __ _ _ _ _ __ . ._
Incinerator Maintenance __ __ ___ _
Steam Furnished Water Department Credit
Maintenance of Equipment--- ___ _.. _
Years Ended
1915
$ 1,725.00
6,517.88
9,117.77
21,406.84
4,442.95
30,858.30
_ _ j
16,246.87
837.02
1,555.74
2,923.75
3,655.00
14,830.66
December 31
1014
$ 1,800.00
6,177.50
8,575.03
24,335.25
8,242.64
36,757.90
2,282.23
13,040.96
1,099.06
1,066.75
1,213.75
4 403 nfl
9,493.41
INCREASE
$ 340.38
542.74
3,205.91
488.99
1,710.00
748.00
5,337.25
DECREASE
$ 75.00
2,928.41
3,799.69
. 5,899.60
2,282.23
262.04
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OPERATING EXPENSES(Continued)
SANITATION DEPARTMENT
Maintenance of Storm Sewers _____ _
Maintenance of Sanitary Sewers ____ _
Care of Live Stock ___ ___ _ ____ __
Replacement of Live Stock _______________
Dry Culture Expenses _ _ ___ _ ___ __
Sprinkling Streets _____ ___________
Sweeping Crossings _ __ _ _ __ _
Oiling Catch Basins _ __________________
Cleaning Catch Basins ___ ____________
Garbage Disinfection _ __ __ _ __ _ ..
Cutting Weeds __ _____ _ _ ___________
Insurance __ ___ - - ___ -
Miscellaneous Items _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Total __ ______ __ _ _____
Years TCnded
1916
$ 3,212.95
2,565.67
20,174.24
6,620.02
996.72
1,451.72
760.24
5,827.75
84.30
1,378.48
516.48
16.80
$ 150,413.15
December 31
1914
$ 2,330.09
4,943.20
1 8.734. U)
3,839.16
7,824.60
1,008.77
2,229.25
1,180.25
5,845.02
69.60
1,519.70
508.92
29.00
159,743.23
INCREASE
$ 882.86
1.440.05
14.70
7.56
OKCHKASK
$ 2,377.53
3,839.16
. 1,204.58
12.05
777.53
420.01
17.27
141.22
12.20
$ 9,330.08
O Jfl
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OPERATING EXPENSES(Continued)
CITY STABLES AND SHOPS DEPARTMENT
Salary of Chief Engineer Proportion _
Other General Salaries _ ___ _ _ _
Maintenance of Buildings __ __ _ _
Insurance ___ ___ ___ __________
Furniture and Fixtures Repairs and RePlacements __ _ __ _ _ _ _
Miscellaneous Items _ _ ______ _ _
Total __ _ __ _____ _ _ _____
Years Ended
1915
$ 575.00
1,230.00
91.69
173.40
50.00
4.80
$ 2,124.89
December 31
1914
$ 600.00
1,205.00
106.44
160.48
5.36
$ 2,077.28
INCREASE
$ 25,00
12.92
50.00
$ 47.61
DECREASE
$ 25.00
14.75
.56
.._ _ _ _ ___
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OPERATING EXPENSES(Continued)
HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT
Salary of Chief Engineer Proportion _____
Engineering and Surveying Salaries _
Engineering and Surveying Supplies _____
Other General Salaries _____ _ _____
Office Supplies and Expenses ____________
Printing and Stationery _ _____________
Postage, Telephone and Telegraph ________
Insurance _ __ _ ___ _ _
Surety Bond Premiums__ ______ _
Street Lighting __ _ __ ___
Ornamental Street Post Lighting __ ___
Maintenance of City Sidewalks ___________
Maintenance of Streets and Lanes _ _
Resurfacing Unpaved Streets and Lanes _ _
Regrading Streets with Gravel City's Proportion ______ _ _ _, __ _ _
Years Rnrtefl
Ifllti
$ 2,300.00
5,238.25
519.72
4,510.00
251.38
359.21
247.41
1 13.73
17.48
45,891.31
2,872.50
65.97
6,702.07
9,703.25
761.69
"December 31
1914
$ 2,400.00
7,042.75
185.39
4,837,50
112.75
377.45
190.07
135.10
23.78
45,049.84
1,973.14
9,378.38
8,042.50
2,898.37
INCHKASK
$ 334.33
138.63
57.34
841.47
899.36
65.97
1,660.75
1 'rA-IxPjArii1,
$ 100.00
1,804,50
327.50
18.24
21,37
6.30
2,676.31
2,136.68
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OPERATING EXPENSES(Continued)
HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT
Maintenance of Bridges. __ _ _________
Maintenance of Equipment _____ _ _
Motor-Vehicles Operation _ _____ _
Motor-Vehicles Maintenance __ __ ___ _
Care of Live Stock ____ ____ _
Replacement of Live Stock. _ _ _ _
TVflVf*liti o
Furniture and Fixtures Repairs and Replacements _ _ ______ _ __
Placing Catch Basins _ __ _ ___ _
Construction of Crossings _ _ ____ _
Salary and Uniform of Porter _ _ __ _
Miscellaneous Items _ _ ____ _ _
Total __ _ __ __ ___ ___
Years Ended
1015
$ 275.63
4,534.13
305.99
469.74
6,935.24
73.50
282.70
388.06
497.89
412.95
$ 93,729.85
December 31
1914
$ 598.67
3,383,46
69.73
159.65
8,439.05
1,741.34
75.00
42,50
112.05
987.97
493.75
564.05
$ 99,314.20
INCREASE
1,150.67
236.26
310.09
31.00
170.65
4.14
DKORKASR
$ 322.99
1,503.77
1,741.34
75.00
599.91
151.10
$ 5,584.35
W
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OPERATING EXPENSES(Continued)
HARBOR AND WHARVES DEPARTMENT
Salary of Harbor Master and ClerkOffice Expenses _________________
Boat Expenses __________________
Municipal WharvesRepairs ______
Total
BOARD OF PURCHASE DEPARTMENT
Stationery and Printing, Postage and Other
Office Supplies _____________________
Total
$"-"
$
$
$
Years Kndert
191B
2,700.00
177,59
419.70
167.84
3,465.13
52.80
52.80
December SI
$
$
$
$
1914
2,712.50
222.59
506.42
279.03
3,721.14
46.93
46.93
INOnKASR
$ 5.87
$ 5.87
OKOKEASK
$ 12.50
45.00
86.72
111.79
$ 256.01
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OPERATING EXPENSES(Continued)
WATER WORKS DEPARTMENT
Superintendence _ __ __ _ _
Salaries of .Office Clerks. __ __ __ _
Inspection Salaries _ _ _ __ _______
Office Expenses and Supplies. _ ___ -
Printing and Stationery _ __ __ __
Postage, Telephone and Telegraph __ _
I d cii T*Q n p A
Surety Bond Premiums ____ _ __ _
Operation Gwinnett St. Pumping Station
Fuel _ __ _ ___ ______ __
Fuel Handling ____ ___ ________
Lubricants and Waste. _ __ _ __
Wages _ _ _ _ __ _ ___ _
Other Expenses _ ____ _ _ _
Steam Furnished by Incinerator __ ___
Operation River Pumping Station
Fuel _ ___ _ _ _ _
Lubricants and Waste _ __ _ _____
Waees _ _ _..__ _ ___ ___ _
Years Ended
1915
$ 2,000.00
3,255.83
7,963.49
61.20
227.60
231.00
271.40
6.40
12,734.23
233.03
860.35
13,844.74
62.17
3,655.00
5,549.97
195.24
8.777.75
December 31
1914
$ 2,000.00
2,625.00
7,561.79
98.76
296.20
295.00
201.87
12.27
13,875.85
. 284.20
852.09
13,787.75
72.89
4,403.00
4,406.16
123.09
8.674.05
INCREASE
$ 630.83
401.70
69.53
8.26
56.99
1,143.81
72.19
103.70
DECREASE
S 37.56
68.60
64.00
5.87
1,141.62
51.17
10.72
748.00
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OPERATING EXPENSES(Continued)
WATER WORKS DEPARTMENT
Other Expenses _____________________
Maintenance Gwinnett St. Pumping Station
Wages __________ __ _
Material _ ______________ __
Maintenance River Pumping Station
Wages _ _ _____ _____
Material _ ________ _____
Maintenance Distribution System
Wages ___._________
Material __ _ _ ____ _ _
Tools, Repairs and Replacements ____ __
Care of Live Stock __ _________________
Traveling
Meter Service Expenses ___ _ ________
Maintenance of Vehicle Equipment. _
Plumbing and Turn Cock Expenses ________
Furniture and Fixtures Repairs and Replacements __ _ _ _____ _
Miscellaneous Items _______ _ __
Years Ended
1916
$ 141.15
11.00
1,838.89
436.26
3,709.30
26.70
17.10
- 520.61
100.00
1,091.80
141.77
1,147.40
34.74
8,937.22
December 31
1914
$ 141.50
1,700.53
8.55
304.68
3,675.78
162.22
30.08
515.20
100.00
1,045.25
55.13
1,095.00
46.50
21.03
INOnKASI"!
$ 11.00
138.36
131.58
33.52
5.41
46.55
86.64
52.40
8,916.19
D10CUKASK
S .35
8.55
135.52
12 08
11.76
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OPERATING EXPENSES(Continued)
WATER WORKS DEPARTMENT
Motor- Vehicle Operation ___ _ __
Motor-Vehicle Maintenance ______ _
Total _ ___ _ __ _________
CITY MARKET DEPARTMENT
Salaries of Superintendent and Assistant _
Printing, Stationery and Office Supplies. __
Postage, Telephone and Telegraph. _
Surety Bond Premiums ___ ______
Lights ____ _____ _ __ _
Maintenance of Building- _ ____ _ _____
Maintenance of Equipment ______________
Furniture and Fixtures Repairs and Replacements _ _ __ _ ___________
(a) Cleaning Labor _ _ _ _ __ _____
(b) Cleaning Material __ __ _____
Miscellaneous Items __ ____ _ __ _____
Repairs to Roof __ _ _ _ __________
Total _ __ _ __ ___ _
Tears Ended
1915
4.65
2.50
$ 78,090.49
$ 2,880.00
92.47
40.00
7.19
1,375.06
193.21
10.10
.75
2,675.25
208.25
$ 7,482.28
December 31
1914
$ 68,471.38
$ 2,865.00
150.17
40.00
8.04
1,577.12
145.45
35.55
2,811.05
.60
825.00
$ 8,457.98
INCREASE
4.65
2.50
$ 9,619.11
$ 15.00
47.76
.75
\ 72.45
__.. ...._ ___ ,
DECREASE
$ 57.70
QC
202.06
25.4S
.60
OOK HA
$ 975.70
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OPERATING EXPENSES(Continued)
VjoAKIlinb ou A Divtno
Out Door Poor Relief __________ _
Poor in Institutions ______ _ __ _ _
Contributions to Associations _ ___________
Contributions to Hospitals White _______
Contributions to Hospitals Colored _ _ _
City Physicians' Salaries ____ __ __
Dispensary Salaries .. __ ___________
Dispensary Rent ______ _ ________
Dispensary Medicines ____ _ _ _
Dispensary Other Expenses _ _________
Donations for Purpose of Tax Payments ____
Total _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ____
Years TSnded
1916
$ 643.60
1,260.00
3,138.22
9,546.66
5,400,00
3,000.00
1,970.00
480.00
2,090.32
181.41
5,225.12
$ 32,935.33
December 31
1914
$ 678.95
1,260.00
2,640.00
9,000.00
5,400.00
3,000.00
1,920.00
480.00
1,953.09
141.96
4,738.72
$ 31,212.72
INCREASE
$ 498.22
546.66
50.00
137 93
an AC,
486.40
$ 1,722.61
PKCRKASR
$ 35.35 o
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OPERATING EXPENSES(Continued)
CORRECTIONS
Industrial Farm __ _ __ _ _ _ _
Total ____ __ ______ _
LIBRARIES
Public Library White _ _ -,_ ___
Public Library Colored _ _ __ _
Total _ __ _ _ __ __ _. __
PLAYGROUNDS
Salary of Director ___ __ __ ___________
Other Salaries ___ __ ___ __ _ ___
Expenses and Supplies ____ ___ __
Total __ _ _ __ __ _ __
Years Ended December 31
1915
$
$
$
$
$
$
3,600.00
3,600.00
10,000.00
1,200.00
11,200.00
3,000.00
6,925.40
1,769.21
11,694.61
1914
$
$
$
$
$
$
3,600.00
3,600.00
10,000.00
360.00
10,360.00
1,972.20
4,127.79
524.51
6,624.50
INCREASE
$ 840.00
$ 840.00
$ 1,027.80
2,797.61
1,244.70
$ 5,070.11
DECREASE
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OPERATING EXPENSES(Continued)
PUBLICITY OR ADVERTISING
Annual Convention Grand Lodge Knights
of Pythias ___- ____________________
Atlantic Deeper Waterways Association_____
Dixie Highway _________________________
Entertaining Columbus Automobile Club_
Federation of Women's Clubs_____________
Investigation of Lindsay Pine Spirits Inspection Act ________________________
May-Week Festival ___________..__
National Rivers and Harbors Congress______
Savannah Tourist & Convention Bureau____
Southern States Development Co.__________
Total ________________
Years Kntlert
1915
$ 500.00
4,402.23
197.61
129.35
650.00
500.00
125.00
100.00
1,000.00
116.75
$ 7,720.94
December 31
1914
For Corresponding
Details
see
1914
Report.
$ 6,258.09
1NOKBASE
$ 1,462.85
DKCHKAKK
*
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OPERATING EXPENSES(Continued)
PARK AND TREE COMMISSION
Daffin Park ___ __ ___ _ ______
Other Parks and Squares _ ________
Bonaventure Cemetery _ _ ____ _
Laurel Grove Cemetery _ __ _ _ _
Tree Planting _ _ _ ____ ______
Repairs to Vaults and Tombs, Colonial Park_
Total __ _ ____ __ __
TOTAL OPERATING EXPENSES _
Years Ended December 31
1915
$ 500.00
14,143.18
7,055.74
6,659.09
999.95
299.98
$ 29,657.94
$ 840,403.38
1914
$ 500.00
14,806.82
6,904.86
6,191.01
999.98
$
$
29,402.67
828.585.84
INCREASE
$ 150.88
468.08
299.98
$ 255.27
$ 11.817.54
DECREASE
$ 663.64
.03
a. > j-1
90
W
h3
O
3

ANNUAL REPORT
OF THE
POLICE DEPARTMENT
SAVANNAH, GEORGIA
FOR THE YEAR
1915
M. L. MELDRIM
CHIEF OF POLICE

HEADQUARTERS POLICE DEPARTMENT
SAVANNAH, GA., January 1, 1916.
Hon. W. J. PIERPONT,
Mayor of Savannah,
City Hall, City.
DEAR SIR:
I have the honor to transmit to you my third annual report
for the Savannah Police Department, which covers the year 1915,
including tabulated statistics showing the routine work of the
department.
While the arrests for 1915 totaled 11,480, showing an increase of 1,019 over the previous year, this is not to be taken as
an evidence of a decrease of the law-abiding spirit among our
citizens. Outside of the naturally increased number of arrests
caused by the growth of our city, I believe the economic conditions growing out of the great war has increased the wandering
population of our country, and Savannah getting its share of
this, has an additional quota from which arrests are made. This
same economic condition has also had its inevitable effect on the
more needy classes of our own citizens, notably the negroes, and
from this source has come more than the usual arrests for petty
larcenies and the like.
That the wandering class of population has had a noticeable
influence on the number of arrests made is indicated by the considerably greater number of arrests made last year over the
previous one for loitering, as suspicious characters, and such like.
In the same connection it is interesting to note a most appreciable
falling off in the number of persons arrested for disorderly conduct and for being "Drunk and Disorderly."
142 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
Before leaving the subject of arrests I want to call attention
to the fact that all cases made are classified as arrests, thus docket
cases where the parties are not actually taken into custody but
appear in court in answer to a subpcena are included as arrests.
The work of the department during the past year has been
successfully carried on, and I feel that the entire personnel of
the department is deserving of commendation for the class of
work the men are doing.
The city has progressed to a stage, and the needs of the department are such that I feel warranted in advocating the beginning of the installation of a flash-light signal system in connection with the Police Gamewell System. This is a system by
which the desk sergeant or other officer at Police Headquarters
can flash a signal by night, and ring a gong by day, at designated
boxes and thus attract the attention of officers who are known to
be in the vicinity. Without going more fully into the advantages
of this system I shall only say that the value of. it in emergencies
particularly must be easily apparent. Its installation could be
begun with the apparatus put on one or two boxes. I call your
attention to the recommendation along this line in the report of
Mr. T. P. Sandiford, which is made a part of this report, and in
which I agree.
The efficiency of this department in co-operating with the
departments of other cities in the detection of criminals and their
identification, an advantage of mutual nature, depends largely on
the establishment of the Bertillon Finger Print System, and the
employment of a man to operate it. Independently of this is
needed a small printing outfit for the getting out of circulars,
which it is very often necessary to send out on short notice.
I recommend the retirement on pension of Detective C. T.
Christie and Patrolman B. Ungar, as they are physically unfit for
the further performance of their duties. Both men are old in the
service and have done loyal and efficient work for many years,
but they have now arrived at a stage where I think retirement
would be a benefit to the city and the men themselves.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 143
I desire to repeat the recommendations of myself and other
police chiefs, made during a long number of years, for the construction of a new station house or city prison. As this will
probably not be practicable in the near future I recommend as a
more immediate necessity the installation of a steam or hot air
heating plant for the present station house and the main building.
I believe the cost of this would be saved in a couple of seasons
in the cost of coal outside of the more efficient service to be
gained.
I want to urge .the putting down of an artificial stone sidewalk on the west side of Habersham street from Oglethorpe avenue south alongside the city's property at Police Headquarters.
The present pavement is worn and unsightly.
Among the more serious injuries to members of the department during 1915 was the wounding of Patrolman T. Brennan by
a pistol shot fired by a drunken sailor on May 26th. Mr. Brennan was incapacitated for seventy-five days. Sergeant J. S. Halford was hurt by his horse falling on him on February 27th, and
he did not recover until March 20th. Sergeant H. Center was
injured on July 19th, when a "jitney" automobile ran into his
horse on Barnard street. Sergeant Center was incapacitated for
seven days. Ambulance Driver J. Rice was hurt while cranking
the police ambulance on November 2d, and while he has returned to work he has not yet fully recovered from the effects
of the injury.
The work of the Detective Department under Chief of Detectives J. J. Murphy during the year I consider excellent and
worthy of commendation. The percentages of stolen property recovered and other work of this department are shown in tables
in this report.
I also desire to compliment the work of Mr. T. P. Sandiford,
the electrician, and his assistant, Mr. E. H. Todd, in keeping the
Gamewell System in better working order than I have known it
to be in recent years.
144 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT .
I desire to extend my acknowledgments for the kindness,
consideration and assistance rendered me during the year by the
Mayor and members of Council and the Police Committee, and
to his honor, Judge Schwarz, Recorder of Police Court.
Very respectfully,
M. L. MELDRIM, Chief of Police.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 145
REPORT ON GAMEWELL SYSTEM
SAVANNAH., GA., January 1, 1916.
Mr. M. L. MELDRIM,
Chief of Police.,
Savannah, Ga.
DEAR SIR:
I beg to make the following report:
The general condition of the Police Signal System has been
much improved during the past year by repairs to both the overhead and underground equipment.
Further improvement would have been noted if material
recently purchased had arrived in time for installation. However, this insures an early start in the work for the new year.
The material received and not yet installed consists of one tape
register, two street boxes, fifteen hundred feet of five-pair lead
encased cable, and five thousand feet of twisted outside wire.
My assistant, Mr. E. H. Todd, has labored faithfully and intelligently in the work of the year, and I desire that he be given
credit for much of the improvements made. As a result of his
careful attention to the duties assigned him troubles have been
greatly reduced and the service much improved over previous
years.
When funds are available additional street boxes and material should be purchased. A start should be made this year on
the installation of a flash-light or call system, the value of which
could be demonstrated with only one or two stations costing approximately five hundred dollars. To this could be added other
stations as they might be desired.
146 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
On January 17th Sergeant J. S. Halford and Patrolman J.
J. Sullivan received shocks while attempting to open box 321 at
Bolton and Atlantic avenue. On investigation I found trolley
current feeding back to the pipe that runs from the box to the
top of the pole. A temporary wire carelessly placed by one of
the street railway employees had caused the box to be charged
with 500 volts direct current, which under the conditions existing on that particular day caused these men to receive quite a
severe shock. They were, however, uninjured and continued on
duty.
, Very respectfully,
T. P. SANDIFORD,
Superintendent Fire Alarm Telegraph.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 147
POLICE GAMEWELL TELEGRAPH BOXES
FIRST CIRCUIT
12 Bay and Habersham
13 Bay and Randolph
14 Bay and East Broad
15 Bay and Drayton
22 Broughton and East Broad
24 Congress and Bull
25 President and Randolph
31 York and Bull
45 Indian and Farm
SI Bay and West Broad
53 Broughton and West Broad
144 City Market
SECOND CIRCUIT
21 Bay and Schwarz Avenue
23 Oglethorpe Avenue and East Broad
32 Anderson and Waters Road
33 Liberty and Randolph
43 Oglethorpe Avenue and Farm
54 Broughton and Farm
121 Oglethorpe Avenue and West Broad
122 Louisville Road and Dooley Avenue"
125 Liberty and West Broad
133 Charlton and Jefferson
215 Liberty and East Broad
314 Wheaton and Waters Road
148 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
THIRD CIRCUIT
123 Gwinnett and Stiles Avenue
124 Gwinnett and Magnolia
131 Union Station
132 Cohen and West Boundary
152 Gaston and West Broad
212 Gaston and Whitaker
221 Gwinnett and West Broad
242 Gwinnett and East Broad
243 Jones and East Broad
312 Gaston and Lincoln
313 Hartridge and East Broad
321 Bolton and Atlantic Avenue
\
FOURTH CIRCUIT
34 Estill Avenue and Waters Road -
35 Park Avenue and East Broad
42 Forty-second and Montgomery
52 Estill Avenue and Bull
213 Park Avenue and West Broad
214 Anderson and West Broad
322 Park Avenue and Abercorn
323 Henry and Bull
331 Anderson and East Broad
341 Thirty-eighth and East Broad
412 Thirty-sixth and Ogeechee Road
413 Thirty-sixth and Bull
44 Reynolds and Forty-seventh
41 Motorcycle Sub-station, Thomas Park
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 149
MATRON'S REPORT
SAVANNAH, GA., January 1, 1916.
Mr. M. L. MELDRIM,
Chief of Police,
Savannah, Ga.
DEAR SIR:
I beg to submit the following report showing the number of
white girls and white women who came under my charge during
the year 1915, and the disposition of the Cases against them.
Very respectfully,
MRS. L. E. FISHER, Matron.
January __________ 10 July ____________ 15
February __-_____ 18 August ____________ 23
March ___________ 15 September ________ 14
April ___________ 13 October __________ 14
May ____________ 13 November _______ 10
June ____________ 15 December _________ 7
Total _____________________________167
DISPOSITION OF ABOVE CASES
Dismissed _______________________ 38
Sentenced _____________________________ 66
Sentenced and sentence suspended______________ 16
Released ____________________________ 17
Remanded to City Court_____________________ 6
Remanded to Superior Court______________ 3
Turned over to U. S. authorities__________ 1
Turned over to other authorities___________ 1
Turned over to parents_____._______ 2
Turned over to Associated Charities______________ 2
150 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
Turned over on lunacy warrant_________________ 2
Sent to the Crittenden Home_____________________ 1
Sent out of the city________________________ 1
Sent home ____________________________ 3
Used as a witness._____________________ 8
Total ____________________________167
SAVANNAH, GA., January 1, 1916.
Mr. M. L. MELDRIM,
Chief of Police,
Savannah, Ga.
DEAR SIR:
I beg to advise you herewith the number of visits made to
prisoners at the police station house, and to members of the Police Department during the year 1915:
Visits to patrolmen________________________216
Visits to prisoners________________________276
Very respectfully,
L. J. CHEDEL,
City Physician and Acting Police Surgeon.
SAVANNAH, GA., January 1, 19^6.
Mr. M. L. MELDRIM,
Chief of Police,
Savannah, Ga.
DEAR SIR:
I beg to advise you herewith the number of visits made to
prisoners at the police station house, and to members of the Police Department during the year 1915:
Visits to patrolmen____________________________ 94
Visits to prisoners________________________ 56
Very respectfully, *
L. B. TAYLOR,
City Physician and Acting Police Surgeon.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 151
DOG CATCHER'S REPORT
SAVANNAH, GA., January 1, 1916.
Mr. M. L. MELDRIM,
Chief of Police,
Savannah, Ga.
DEAR SIR:
I respectfully beg to render the following report as to the
number of dogs caught and the amount of cash collected during
the year 1915. Very respectfully,
W. W. THOMSON, Dog Catcher.
DOGS CAUGHT CASH RECECVED
January _______________ 75 $ 26.00
February ______________ 52 14.00
March ________________ 68 21.00
April __________________ 54 21.00
May _________________ 65 28.00
June _________________ 65 17.00
July _________________ 53 10.00
August ________________ 48 13.00
September ______________ 43 13.00
October _______________ 37 14.00
November ______________ 64 17.00
December ______________ 33 15.00
Totals _____________657 $209.00
CALLS RESPONDED TO FROM MOTORCYCLE
SUB-STATION
January _ 86 July ________ 188
February _________ 104 August __________ 154
March __________ 145 September ________ 148
April ___________ 114 October __________ 153
May ____________ 142 November _..._____ 154
June ___________ 134 December ________ 140
Total _____________.____________1662
152 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
OPERATING EXPENSES POLICE DEPARTMENT,
YEAR 1915
Amounts Appropriation
Expended for 1915
Salary of Chief of Police__$ 2,600.00 $ 2,600.00
Salaries of Subordinate Commanding
Officers ___________ 17,471.82 17,833.00
Salaries of Patrolmen_ 96,389.89 99,055.00
Salaries of Detectives_ 10,198.47 10,240.00
Salaries of Office Clerks________ 1,800.00 1,800.00
Other Salaries 4,541.61 4,560.00
Office Expenses and Supplies 166.S3 90.00
Printing and Stationery 325.06 . 300.00
Postage. Telephone and Telegraph 574.44 650.00
Lights ----- 454.27 400.00
Fuel ______- 469.00 400.00
Insurance _____-__________ 153.43 130.00
Surety Bond Premiums 28.56 25.00
Telephone SystemOperation and Maintenance __-_--_ 1,500.00 1,500.00
Motor VehiclesOperation _____-_ 874.61 800.00
Motor VehiclesMaintenance __ 2,512.02 2,000.00
Maintenance of Other Vehicles _ 133.35 125.00
Maintenance of Buildings _ 263.62 400.00
Care of Live Stock 6,312.14 6,000.00
Replacement of Live Stock 385.00 __________
Care of Uniform Equipment 75.75 100.00
Replacement of Uniform Equipment 3,739.09 3,190.00
Collars, Gloves, etc., for Patrolmen 76.45 ________
Jail Operation 2,075.34 2,200.00
Dog Impounding Expenses 1,070.90 1,200.00
Police Military Reserve _ 3,000.00 3,000.00
Traveling- ____ 145.43 200.00
Equipment and Maintenance Thereof_ 746.74 800.00
Furniture and FixturesRepairs and
Replacements 36.70 200.00
Refreshments for Patrolmen on Duty__ 50.00
Miscellaneous Items _______-__ 216.82 150.00
Total Operating Expenses ___$158,337.04
OUTLAYS
Furniture and Fixtures _$_________
Automobiles _____ 2,400.00
Xew Live Stock ______ 450.00
Extension of Gamewell System_ 529.56
Emergency Motorcycle Station, Thomas
Park _____________________ _________
Motorcycles ____-__________ 495.00
$160,000.00
150.00
3,300.00
500.00
975.00
Total Outlays ____________$ 3,874.56" $ 4,925.00
Total Police Department __$162,211.60 $164,92500
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 153
CHANGES IN DEPARTMENT DURING 1915
PROMOTED
Private W. J. Morse_______to_ -Sergeant
APPOINTMENTS
Private E. J. -Reeves Private W. F. Godbold
Private B. L. Woods
Private T. L. Mattox
Private A. G. Miller
Private Paul Lederer
Private H. H. Harms
Private J. M. Waters
Private J. W. Stewart
Private F. Adkins
Private J. C. Ryan
Private Benj. Bluinberg
RE-APPOINTM ENTS
Private J. H. McGrath Private C. L. Bell
Private J. T. Kelly Private D. Sullivan
REDUCED
Sergeant E. D. Alexander______to______. .Private
DISMISSALS
Private J. B. Barthelmess
Private J. H. Monsees
Private P. P. Turner
Private H. Fine
Private J. T. Kelly
Private S, Bradley
Private W. L. Nichols
Private M: S. Cowart
Private H. Reisen
Private C. R. Long
Private J. D. Longabaugh
RESIGNATIONS
Private F. S. Freeman Private W. D. Kennedy
Private C. L. Bell
Private J. W. Pruitt
Private Paul Lederer
Private Benj. Blumberg
PENSIONED
Private M. J. Counihan
154 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
NUMBER OF DAYS LOST BY EACH MEMBER OP THE
DEPARTMENT
On Account of Sickness, Sickness in Family, Injured on Duty, Special
Leave, Excused, Vacation, Suspended, During Year 1915
' KNAME f ! ff |t
X \ Si. -S
c; 1 o "c
f. \ Zs So
.M. L. Meldrim.- - _____ ' __ ' _.! - -
B. S. Bryant __ ___ __ __ 4 __
P. J. Eivers _ _____ 4 _ ___
"Sffl "o>
<urt
c._
KJ
1
J A Woods '
Excused
J. F. Bernhardt _ _ _ - _ ' __ :__ - 2-_ -
J J Reilly - ; 1
D. J. Cronin __ _ __ ___ ' 2 2 ____ __
J. S. Halford ___ _ __ :_ _ 22 _
J. D. Semken __________ __ _! __ __
1
Vacation
in
10inin
10
10
Suspended
10'
10in
11 10
L. P. Morgan- ____..--- 2 2 ____
J. J. Clancy __ .__ _ _ _ __ 1 2 ___.
E. D. Alexander _ _____[ 3 _ _
H. Center _____ _____ 3 1 ; 7
P J Kelly ! 6' 4'
1
22 __
81 __
J. J. Murphy ___ _______ __! __ _!
J. C. McCarthy _________ ' __ > __ ' __
C. T. Christie __ - _ 21' __ 141 _ M. Scully - ____ - __ _ 1 __ __ - 1*
M. G. Cohen _________ -_ _ 1 __ _
J. K. Beach _ _. ___ ! _ 1 __ -
T. F. Bentley _ ______ ( -1 12]
J. P. DeLeon _________ _j__ _| __ ____
F. Adkins ______ ___ ' 6' __ 1
J. M. Akin_ __ _______ ' . 2' _ __
1
P. L. Anderson _____ _ -' 4 1 1 ! _ .
J. L. Andrews ___ __ _ 5' !(____ __
C. J. Atkinson ____ ____ ! 3' _ 1
\V. A. Bazemore _ 3! __
G E Beach 8' 2
1
2
l! 1
W. L. Becker __ _ ____ - 3' _ __ ______
C L Bell 28' . L_ -1
S. Berner ____ _ _ __ 17' 1' __
L. Blumberg __ __ f ______
R. F. Brant ___ _____ 5S 1 2 __ _ __
4 1
3 1
1
S. Bradley _ _ ___ __ __ 1 _ - - __
10
10
-
10]
10in
in
10inin
10
10in
10in
10
10.___
19
1
10 1
101 __ loL1
10
10
T Brennan _ _ __ ___ __ ! 74'. 1 11
H. T. Brown _________ 27' 1L_ _
C. Burns _______ - ___ ' 16: 2' - ____
1 1! 10 *1!
E. L. Bell ____ -_ ___ - 3! 3L_ __
T. J. Cameron__.___ _ ____ 14' I 1 __ __
21 10 l! 10

1

'rt
g
15
14
10
12
10
10
14
33
10
14
IS
12
35
48
20
10
45
25
10
10
22
10
8
13
16
19
14
16
20
13
28
33
14
58
76
40
19
18
26
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 155
NUMBER OF DAYS LOST BY EACH MEMBER OF
THE DEPARTMENT(Continued)
NAME
R. C. Cannon ________________
W. S. Cave __ ______ __.
T. F. Cleary _ __ ________
S- W. Coursey. _.
M. T. Counihan ______________
M. F. Clark _ - __ ______
A p Ptarlr
M. S. Cowart ________
E. F. Davis __ -_ _
J. A. Darsey M. F. Davis -
R. F. Dooley- __
R. F. Donaldson _
J, J, Doherty- - _
P. J. Fahey
J. Farrell ___ _ ______
J. A. Felder _ -
H. Fine ______ -
R. A. Forehand __
W. H. Fleming- __________
C. J. Flvnn _______.___
M. C. Gallaher _____ _
Sickness
4
3
S
50
6
6
11
1
2
16
Sickness
1Family in
Injured
jiDuty on
11
1
2
4
931
1
isL:.. ::::
171 16
2_
16
21 1
21 4
121 __
21 2
4!
W. F. Godbold ______ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ _
"3 9
"o>
aaQ,OJ wj
1
8
1
1
IExcused 1
1
i
1
1
2
-fVacation
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
Suspended

2
3
10| 4
10! 3
101. -
io|.._.
10L
161 __ 10! -
2! - 101 _
..,
_._. 101 __
101
10 i 10
10
in
1! 10

M. Goslee _ _____ ___ __ 9! ! 101
J. Guilfoyle ______ 36! ____
H. H. Harms__- _ - _ _ ___ __ _
R. J. Hayes _ -
P M Hendricks
li 2
21
E. H. Henry ______ __ __ 41 __
W F Hodges _ __ __'_ _ 3
H. P. Howard- _______
H W Hutto
71 2 4'
5! 11 10! __
11 !
__ I
4
H. C. Hutson ______ ___ __ 3i __ __ __ ... __
4
1
1
1
5
J
2
1
1
2
1
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
3
2
____
.___
1
__
H A. Heape ___ _ _____ 11 101
A. T. Jackson ________
T Keane -
71 1
481
F. J. Kearney ____ _ __ __ 4L___ __
H. H. Kemp _ _______ 4! _ __ _ _
C W Keller _. __ _ 21
W. D. Kennedy _____________
J. T. Kelly __________________
6! 2
__ 1
1
1
1
1
1
10
10
10
10
10
____ ._._ -_ - 10
2
___.
__
1
i
3
&
11
16
1
25
50
21
17
3
21
17
22
26
10
103
44
45
12
26
13
17
23
14
15
19
52
1
17
18
21
12
14
23
20
13
1!
20
59
15
16
13
10
14
156 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
NUMBER OF DAYS LOST BY EACH MEMBER OF
THE DEPARTMENT(Continued)
1
NAME | |
5 _
5 -E
C. F. Leech.. __ __ _ ___ 18 __
G. P. Lively ____ ___ _ _
C. R. Long . 2 . __
R. F. Lovett _ _ __
P. Lederer .
T. E. McAlpin ___ _____ ! - _,' 1
J. J. McGinley. __ _____ 4' 2
J. McGrath _____ ____ 36' __
J. H. McGrath ______ ___ H_ __
R. H. Malette ___ ____ 7:'__ _
J Milikin j
Injured |Duty on
1
J. H. Monsees ____ _ __ -| . 1!
W. J. Morse ____ _____ _ 2'
C. M. Malphus _________ __ _ __
D. D. Miles _____ _____ 25 1
A G Miller 51 2
4
. o g
?
o._ x
5T-2 ; *
1
1 1
10 1
_ 1
1 1
.2
--I"-
20 __
__ 1
T L Mattox. _ __ . __ _. __ I 1
L. H. Xantz _____ __ _ _ 1
J. J. O'Reilly_ ______ __ _ - . - 3
H. T. Page .___ _____ 5i ___
W C Parker 51
__ 1
5_ -
1
J Poulos _ ____ ___ ! S __ __ 1
H. H. Price _ ____ ___ __ _ -
J W Pruitt 5
11 1
H. L. Price __ ________ V __ - ! 1
B. R. Pryor ____ ______ 3! 6
H L Pun-is 2 1
11 1
2
T. A. Quarterman- ___ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ 11
H. Reisen __ ___ __ . __ ____
\V. L. Roberts _______ __ 21 __ _. . __ 1
J. A. Rowse ... _ . _ _.
E. J. Reeves _ __ J ! 10! SI __ 1L__. . _ _.
s
0
1>
10
10
!10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
R
8
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
Suspended
"1
-
1
"~
1
~
____
____
10' 1
10L
10! 2
8
J C Ryan __ 1'
M. H. Sherrod. ____ ___ 3 2
L. B. Simpson __ _ _ _ ___ 9' __
1 __
G W Slocum 3' 1
5! 11 10L _
11 1! 10L __
10!
C. E. Stephenson ___ ___ ___ __ _ _ __ _ 10'_ . _
.T. J. Sullivan.. __ __ __ I. - 2- __ 1
'D. Sullivan _ ___ ____ ____ _ _ _ 1
G. Smith _ - __ __ 3! __ . ___ 1
H. C. Taylor. ________ 151 If __ __ L_ .
B. Ungar ___ __ __ _ . 20'
! 10 ____
(. .
' 10L
10' 2
10!
J, A. L. Weber _ _____ 6' 1L. _ _ __ 10'._
"a
29
12
17
19
20
12
18
37
1
18
16
1
12
30
41
IS
9
11
14
21
16
16
12
6
13
21
IS
11
1!
13
12
24
1
21
21
13
10
13
1
14
28
30
17
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 157
NUMBER OF DAYS LOST BY EACH MEMBER OF
THE DEPARTMENT(Continued)
NAME
E. L. Williams _________
T. O. Wilson __ _ __ _
R. G. Williams ____ ___
J. C. Wilson- . _ _ .
W. S. Winn _ _ ___ __
H. W. Wright _ _ ______
B. L. Woods ________________
J. O. Wallace ___ __ _ _
Mrs. L. E. Fisher ____________
G. L. Smith _ _____
J. W. Hennessy _ ___
P. P. Turner__ __ ____ _.
J. J. McGrath ___________
J. Rice __________ __ __
W. H. Tuttle ___ __ _______
J. Rottenberg _ _ _ __
J. W. Waters ___ ,____
W. W. Thomson- ___ _
W. C. Fraser.__- ____________
Sickness
4
in
3
S
1
IS
?. ?,f>
17in
3
?7
?
Sickness Family in
1
S
S
?.?
__
?.1
__-_
>>
3
^
s
....
~~35
Special
Leave
1
11
1
?
....
3
3
?
3
1
Excused
1
1
1
?
Vacation
1fl
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m
8
inin
m
in
10
10
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in
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I
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o
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14
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37
12
158 MAYOR'S AN'XUAL REPORT
NUMBER OF ARRESTS MADE BY EACH MEMBER
OF THE DEPARTMENT DURING YEAR 1915
For explanation of fractions see note at end of report.
NAME RANK ARRESTS
M. L. Meldrim_________Chief of Police____ 10 1-3
B. S. Bryant__________1st Lieutenant_____ 146 5-6
P. J. Eivers___________2d Lieutenant_____ 651-3
J. A. Woods__________3rd Lieutenant_____ 175 1-3
J. J. Reilly___________1st Sergeant_____ 32-3
D. j Cronin____________Sergeant _ 21 1-6
J. S. Halford__________Sergeant ________ 25 1-2
J. D. Semken__________Sergeant ________ 1-2
J. H. Lange______________3ergeant ___ 3 1-2
L. P. Morgan__________Sergeant ___ 51 5-6
J. J. Clancy___________Sergeant ______ 55 1-2
E. D. Alexander________Sergeant & Private__ 62 2-3
H. Center.___________Sergeant ________ 52 2-3
P. J. Kelly___________Q. M. Sergeant_._ 5
J. J. Murphy__-_________Chief of Detectives_ 247 1-4
J. C. McCarthy________Detective _______ 1085-6
C. T. Christie__________Detective _______ 861-3
M. G. Cohen__________Detective _______ 162 1-3
M. Scully____________Detective _______ 1825-6
J. K. Beach___________Detective _____'___ 1221-2
J. P. DeLeon__________Detective _______ 102 1-4
J. F. Bentley__________Detective _______ 159 1-3
F. Adkins-___________Private _________ 60
J. M. Aiken__________Private ________ 43 1-2
P. L. Anderson_________Private ________ _ 3291-3
J. L. Andrews__________Private ________ 34 1-3
C. J. Atkinson_________Private ________ 105
.M. A. Bazemore________Private _______i_ 65
G. E. Beach__________Private ________ 575-6
W. L. Becker__________Private ________ 13 1-6
MAYOR'S AXNUAL REPORT 139
NUMBER OF ARRESTS MADE BY EACH MEMBER
OF THE DEP'T DURING YEAR 1915(Continued)
NAME RANK ARRESTS
E. L. Bell____________Private _________ 30 1-3
S. Berner____________Private ________ 101 1-2
L. Blumberg__________Private ________ 68 1-6
R. F. Brant___________Private ________ 60 M
S. Bradley___________Private ________ 3
T. Brennen___________Private ___.____ 37
H. J. Brown__________Private ________ 147 1-2
C. Burns___.________Private _______ 136 5-6
C. L. Bell___________Private ________ 4 1-3
T. J. Cameron_________Private ________ 40 1-2
R. C. Cannon__________Private ______.__ 59
W. S. Cave__________Private ________ 33 1-6
T. F. Clarey__________Private _______ 25 1-2
S. W. Coursey_________Private ________ 1273-4
M. J. Counihan________Private ________ 1-2
M. F. Clark__________Private ________. 106 1-2
A. C. Clark___________Private _________ 402-3
M. S. Cowart_________Private _ 34
E. F. Davis___________Private _________ 3
J. A. Dorsey__________Private ________ 192 1-4
M. F. Davis__________Private ________ 46
R. F. Dooley__________Private ________ 140
A. M. Dominick________Private ________ 91 1-3
R. F. Donaldson________Private ________ 16
J.J. Doherty__________Private ________ 951-3
P. J. Fahey___________Private _________ 39
J. Farrell____________Private ________ . 302-3
J. A. Felder__________Private ________ 257 1-4
H. Fine_____________Private ________ 28
M. B. Fleming_________Private ________ 131
R. A. Forehand________Private ________ 985-6
W. H. Fleming_________Private _______ 98 1-3
C. J. Flynn___________Private ________ 89 1-2
160 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
NUMBER OF ARRESTS MADE BY EACH MEMBER
OF THE DEP'T DURING YEAR 1915(Continued)
NAME RANK ARRESTS
Al. C. Gallaher_________Private 1001-2
F. Godbold___________Private _______ 14 1-2
M. Goslee____________Private ________ 89 1-3
J. Guilfoyle__________-Private _ 42
H. Harms____________Private _ 21 1-6
R. J. Haye$__________.Private _ 462-3
P. M. Hendrix_________Private _______ 2782-3
E. H. Henry__________Private __.___ 36 1-4
J.A.Herman__________Private 791-6
W.F.Hodges__________Private ___ 1975-6
H. P. Howard_________Private ________ 128 1-6
H. W. Hutto__________Private _ 35
H. C. Hutson__________Private ___ 55 1-3
H. A. Heape__________Private _______ 115 1-2
A. T. Jackson__________Private _ 190 1-3
T. Keane____________Private _ 25 1-6
F. J. Kearney__________Private _______ 35
H. H. Kemp__________Private ________ 75
C. W. Keller__________Private ___________ 22 1-3
W.D.Kennedy________Private ________ 173-4
J.T. Kelly____________Private ______ 21
C. F. Leach_________..Private ________ 194 1-3
G. P. Lively__________Private ______ 42 1-2
C. R. Long___________Private ________ 261 2-3
J. D. Longabaugh_______Private _______ 1165-6
R. F. Lovett__________Private ________- 287
P. Lederer___________Private ___ 18 1-2
J. H. McGrath_________Private 44
T. E. McAlpin_________Private ________ 24 1-2
J. J. McGinley_________Private ________ 246 1-6
J. McGrath___________Private ___:___. 51 1-3
R. H. Mellette________Private _______ 1151-3
J. Milikin_.________..Private ___________ 1785-6
MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT 161
NUMBER OF ARRESTS MADE BY EACH MEMBER
OF THE DEP'T DURING YEAR 1915(Continued)
NAME RANK ARRESTS
W. J. Morse_______:___Private and Sergeant 287 1-6
C. M. Malphus______Private ________ 19
D. D. Miles__________Private ________ 35
J. H. Monsees_____Private ___ 0
A. G. Miller__________Private ________ 56 1-2
T. L. Mattox__________Private ________ 31 2-3
L. H. Nantz__________Private ________ 31
W. L. Nichols__________Private ________ 2
J. J. O'Reilly__________Private _________ 143 1-6
H. T. Page___________Private ________ 22 1-2
W. C. Parker__________Private _______ 45 2-3
J. Poulos____________Private _________ 31
H. L. Price____________Private ________ 24
H. H. Price__________Private ________ 65 -2
J. W. Pruitt__________Private ________ 19 -2
B. R. Pryor__________Private ________ 33
H. L. Purvis____________Private ________ 55 -2
T. A. Quarterman___________Private ________ 44 -4
E. J. Reeves__________Private ________ 62 -2
J. Ryan_____Private ________ 74
H. Reisen____________Private ________ 18 1-2
W.L.Roberts_________Private ________ 61 1-2
J. A. Rouse______________Private _________ 631-2
M. H. Sherrod_________Private ________ 49 1-6
D. Sullivan___________Private _________ 22 1-3
Gus Smith___________Private ________ 277 1-4
L. B. Simpson_________Private ________ 34 1-6
G. W. Slocum_________Private _________ 33 1-2
C. E. Stephenson_______Private ________ 835-6
J. J. Sullivan__________Private ________ 59 1-6
J. W. Steward_________Private ________ 36 1-3
H. C. Taylor__________Private ________ 227
P.P.Turner__________Private ________ 6
162 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
NUMBER OF ARRESTS MADE BY EACH MEMBER
OF THE DEP'T DURING YEAR 1915(Continued)
NAME RANK ARRESTS
B. Ungar_____________Private _________ 16 1-2
J. A. L.Weber_________Private _ 114
J. W. Waters__________Private _______ 51
E. L. Williams_________Private ________ 78
T.O.Wilson___________Private _________ 201 1-3
R. G. Williams_________Private _________ 2471-2
J. C. Wilson__________Private _________ 2
W. S. Winn___________Private ________ 26 1-6
H. W. Wright_________Private _________ 34 1-2
J. O. Wallace__________Private ________ 49
B. L. Woods___________Private _________ II
G. L. Smith__________Stable keeper _____ 1
W. H. Turtle__________Patrol driver _____ 2
J. Rottenberg__________Patrol driver __ 0
J. Rice_____________Ambulance driver ___ 0
J. J. McGrath__________Ambulance driver __ 2
Docket cases made by citizens, and arrests by County
Police _________________________ 417
Total ________________________11,480
NOTE: The fractions are explained by the fact that when
an officer makes an arrest in company with another officer, or
officers, each officer participating in the arrest is credited with
his proportion of the arrest. For an instance: If two officers
arrest three persons, each of the two officers are credited with
one and one-half of an arrest.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 163
CAUSE OF ARRESTS MADE DURING 1915
Abandonment of Wife and Children..__________ 2
Adultery and Fornication_________________ 41
Arson _____________________________ 5
Assault and Battery____________________ 55
Assault with Intent to Murder_______________ 55
Assault with Intent to Rape_______________ 4
Assaulting and Stabbing________________ 111
Attempted Burglary _____________________ 14
Attempted Larceny from House_____________ 2
Attempted Larceny_____________________ 25
Attempted Robbery by Force________________ 12
Attempt to Cheat and Swindle_______________ _ 6
Attempt to Pick a Pocket__________________ 3
Attempting to Stab______________________ 3
Attempting to dispose of Mortgaged Goods________ 1
Abortion ___________________________ 1
Attempted Blackmail_____________________ 2
Attempted Cattle Stealing________________ 1
Aiding Prisoner to Escape_________________ 4
Arrested on Request of Other Counties__________ 133
Arrested for Probation Officer_______________ 33
Arrested for U, S. Authorities___ 12
Bastardy ____________ 1
Beating Board Bill______________________ 10
Burglary _________ 155
Concealed Weapons __________ 30
Carrying a Weapon without a License 8
Cow Stealing ________________________ 7
Cheating and Swindling__________________ 55
Contempt of Court_____________________ 55
Cruelty to Animals___________________ 80
Deserters, Army and Navy________________ 11
Deserters from Foreign Vessels______________ 34
164 MAYOR'S AN'XUAL REPORT
CAUSE OF ARRESTS MADE DURING 1915(Cont'd)
Disorderly Conduct ________;_____________ 2,510
Disposing of Mortgaged Property_____________ 7
Disturbing Public Worship_________________ 1
Drunk on the Public Highway_______________ 4
Drunk and Disorderly___________________ 1,536
Escaped Convicts ______________________ 35
Forgery ___ 9
Gambling __________________________ 399
Fornication ________________________ 3
Horse Stealing ________________________ 3
Involuntary Manslaughter _________________ 8
Inciting Riot _________________________ 3
Keeping a Disorderly House________________ 6
Keeping a Gambling House_________________ 13
Keeping a Gambling Device..___ 28
Keeping a Lewd House___________________ 3
Kidnapping _______________________ 1
Larceny after Trust____________________ 70
Larceny from the House___ 198
Larceny from the Person__ 20
Larceny over $50.00____________________ 10
Larceny, Simple ______ 593
Larceny of Automobile____ 5
Loitering ___ 764
Lunacy __________ 82
Malicious Mischief _____________' 6
Mayhem __________ 1
Murder ______ 5
Manslaughter ________ 4
Obtaining Money under False Pretenses. 2
Perjury ___- 3
Picking Pockets __ 7
Public Indecency x 5
Pointing a Pistol___ 35
Rape _____-____ 8
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 165
CAUSE OF ARRESTS MADE DURING 1915(Cont'd)
Robbery by Force_____________________ 46
Receiving Stolen Goods__________________ 25
Shooting at Another____________________ I
Shooting on the Public Highway____________ 2
Stealing a Ride on a Railroad Train____________ 22
Street Walking ______________________ 1
Suspicious Characters _____-__________ 1,046
Seduction ___________ 4
Trespassing _________________________ 9
Turned over to U. S. Court________________ 2
Uttering Forged Checks__________ i
Vagrancy ______ 8
Incendiarism __________________ 1
Violating Dog Ordinance..______________ 485
Violating Garbage Ordinance____ 4
Violating Milk Ordinance_________________ 9
Violating Restaurant Ordinance-_________ 7
Violating Traffice Ordinance____________ 1,462
Violating City Ordinance__________________ 678
Violating Near Beer Ordinance___________ 29
Violating Pawn Shop Ordinance_________ 1
Violating Weed Ordinance______________ 36
Violating Gitney Ordinance________________ 23
Violating Ordinance to Register Automobile________ 99
Violating Ordinance to Register Motorcycle______ 36
Violating Pure Food Law 1
Violating Prohibition Law__ 70
Violating Health Ordinance_______ 7
Wife Beating _____________- 2
Total ________________-________ 11,480
166 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
CLASSIFICATION OF ARRESTS MADE DURING 1915
White Men ___________________________ 3,454
White Women _________________________ 290
White Boys __________________________ 147
White Girls __________________________ 10
Chinamen __________________________ 5
Negro Men __________________________ 5,394
Negro Women ________________________ 1,558
Negro Boys __________________________ 479
Negro Girls __________________-______ 143
Total __________________________ 11,480
DISPOSITION OF CASES
Sentenced __________________________ 4,495
Dismissed ___________ 4,054
Sentence Suspended __________________ 218
Turned over to Superior Court _______-___ 262
Turned over to City Court ______ 957
Turned over to' Ordinary's Court _______ 84
Turned over to juvenile Court __ 137
Turned over to various Sheriffs, etc. ______ 133
Turned over to Foreign Vessels ___ 34
Turned over to Army and Navy _____ 11
Suspicious Characters Released __ 1,046
Held for U. S. Court ____________ 14
Turned over to Probation Officer _ 35
Total _________________ 11,480
ARRESTS EACH MONTH .
January __ 833
February ______:____________________ 867
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 167.
March _____________________________ 931
April _____________________________ 1,504
May _____________________________ 1,063
June ______________________________ 962
July _______________________________ 834
August ____________________________ 1,007
September _________________________ 861
October _____________ _______________ 896
November ___________________________ 927
December _____________________ 795
Total ________________.________ 11,480
ARRESTS IN PREVIOUS YEARS
1910 _________________________________ 9,965
1911 __________________________________ 10,433
1912 _________________________________ 10,350
1913 _______________________________'__ 11,363
1914 _________________________________ 10,461
FINES COLLECTED IN POLICE COURT
Fines collected in Police Court during 1915______$14,998.00
FINES COLLECTED IN POLICE COURT EACH
YEAR FROM 1907 TO 1914, INCLUSIVE
1914 ______________________________$14,900.00
1913 __________-__________________ 23,519.95
1912 ____________________________ 25,590.85
1911 __________________________ 25,200.35
1910 ______________________________ 23,562.20
1909 ________________________________ 19,332.01
1908 ____________________________ 35,113.60
1907 _.________________________ 18,255.25
168 MAYOR'S A.VXUAL REPORT
GAMEWELL CALLS AND PRIVATE TELEPHONE
CALLS
! WAGON CALLS RETURN CALLS
lanuarv
February _ _
March _ _ _ _
April _ _
Mav _ ___
June _
July _____________
August _
September _____
October _ _______
November _ _
December _ _ _
Total ____
Gimewell
Box
380
417
361
347
320
324
318
403
298
359
302
336
4.167
Private
Phone
101
92
103
CO
112
71
104
112
96
116
4Q4
109
1.199
G-mewell
Box
388
419
372
356
343
326
343
409
331
354
288
343
4.273
Prititi
Phou
65
63
62
50
58
46
57
77
65
66
71
78
758
Officers
Reports
18,234
!Q fi^Q
21,277
19,573
19,063
17,350
16,838
17,977
19,800
19,824
19,399
18,656
227.650
AMBULANCE CALLS
[ White | Colored | Tot-1
January _ _ _-
February _
March _ _ _
April _ _ ; _
May __ ._ _ _
June _ _ .
Iu!y _ __
August __ __
September _ _ _
October _ __ _ ____
November _ _ _
December _ _____ __
Total __ _
- __ __ _] 40 |
. ___ _ ! 33
_ __ __ : 57
- ___ _ 1 38
. ___ | 45
. ___ __l 36
.____-____] 43
.___-_-__' 48
.____ ___ ! 46
I 57
___________! 45
. __ _ _J 52
| _
. __ _ I 540
70 | 1 10
55 88
61 118
62 100
59 104
61 97
66 109
107 155
71 117
87 144
78 123
78 130
855 1 1.395
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT .169
PRISONERS HELD FOR SAFE KEEPING FOR
OFFICERS PASSING THROUGH CITY
Date Prisoner Color Officer Arrested for
Jan.
3 LeRoy A. Jackson (w) Sergt. Burmeister U. S. Army
3 W. H. Hill (w)____ Sergt. Burmeister _ U. S. Army
3 Henry Farrar (w) Sergt. Burmeister U. S. Army
5 James Murtha (w) Corp. Daughty U. S. Army
8 Jessie Lancaster (c)_ Marshal Zimmerman_ U. S. Authorities
8 Chas. L, Lee (c)'__ Marshal Zirnmerman. U. S. Authorities
17 Sam Morgorell (w)_ W. F. Chapman Game Warden
17 Mike Priss (w)____ W. F. Chapman Game Warden
Feb.
2 Annie Wright (c)_' Warden John Seay Milledgeville. Ga.
9 Emanuel Carter (c)__- C. W. Hood Webster, Ga.
19 Omar Henderson (w)_ Warden John Seay__ Milledgeville, Ga.
19 Jessie Austin (w) Warden John Seay__ Milledgeville, Ga.
March
3 Earnest Wells (w) _- W. S. Bagwell Laurens, S. C.
3 Edw. Wingard (w)__ W. S. Bagwell Laurens, S. C.
3 J. W. Willis (w)___ G. S. Godbold A. C. L. Authorities
8 H. W. Orvin (w)___ W. H. Poythress Effingham Co., Ga.
12 Sidney Roberts (w)_ J. W. Green Brooklett, Ga.
22 John Washington (c)_ S. E. Zitteruer Marlow, Ga.
22 Emma Garvin (c)___ S. E. Zitteruer Marlow, Ga.
May
9 J. Seidner (w)___ John A. Galatian.. Elizabeth, N. J.
U Isaac Frazier (cl___ M. A. Gibson Bryan County. Ga.
19 Joseph W. Gates (c)__ Detective Calhoun __ Jacksonville, Fla.
20 John A. Barrett (w) Sergt. Pluskat U. S. Army
22 Mitchell Thomas (c) W. C. Bird Houston Co., Ga.
June
15 Vincent Ford i'w)___ Corp. Randal U. S. Army
23 Calhoun Madden (w)_ Corp. Dillon U. S. Army
24 Frank Sykes. (c)___ Sheriff Mallard Bulloch Co.. Ga.
29 Claude H. Badford (w) Sheriff Beach O'Brien, Fla.
July
17 Dan Carey (c)_____ U. S. Marshal Wilson U. S. Authorities
25 M. E. Gupton (w)__ Sheriff Pierce _.._.. Sylvania, Ga.
Aug.
19 Man Der.bar (c)___ Norman Harden Waynesboro. Ga.
20 Homer Lovett (c)__ C. H. Scott Sylvania, Ga.
Sept.
9 Squire Mitchell (c)_ C. H. Scott Sylvania, Ga.
20 Oliver Coilins (w)__ Sergt. Nunnally U. S. Army
20 Calhoun Madden (w)- Sergt. Nunnally U. S. Army
20 Sylvester Freeman (w) Sergt. Nunnally U. S. Army
20 Edward Walker (w)._ Sergt. Nunnally U. S. Army
25 Ben Smith (c)_____ J- S. Deveaux Ware County, Ga.
25 Geo. Brown (c)__ J- S. Deveaux Ware County, Ga.
Oct.
16 J. L. Decks (w)___ Corp. Davis _ U. S. Army
26 E. J. Leach (w)___ Corp. Davis ______ U. S. Armv
170 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
PRISONERS HELD FOR SAFE KEEPING FOR
OFFICERS PASSING THROUGH CITY(Cont'd)
Date Prisoner Color Officer Arrested for
Oct.
17 Simon Mazon (c)__ Sheriff Robinson __ Pierce Co., Ga.
20 Lewis Scarboro (w)_ Corp. Stenson _____ U. S. Army
24 Gee- Bell (c)_____ Sheriff Sikes _____ Tattnall Co., Ga.
25 Wi'.lie Smelros (w)_ Corp. Sloan ___ U. S- Army
30 Waison Brown (c)__ Sheriff Kennedy __ Effingham Co., Ga.
Xov.
8 J. S. Van "Burs (w)_ Sergt. Kahler ____ U. S. Army
8 H. B. Culler, (w)___ Sergt. Kahler ____ U. S. A.-my
8 ]. E. Carpenter (w)_ Sergt. Kahler __.... U. S. Army
9 E. B. Price (w)____ Sergt. Linceford"_- U. S. Army
9 A. J. Turner (w)___ Sergt. Linceford __ U. S. Army
25 Ri-hird Free (w)___ Detec've Wortliington Jacksonville, Fla.
25 Thomas Ward (V)__ Detec've Worthington Jacksonville, Fla.
28 Robert Cra->vford (c)-- Sheriff Padgett ____ Collinton, S. C.
Dec.
9 Lung Hop (Chin'man) U. S. Marshal U. S. Authorities
9 Yick Lee (Chinaman). U. S. Marshal_ U. S. Authorities
9 Jung Pou (Chinaman)- U. S. Marshal U. S. Authorities
9 Hue Hong (Chinaman) U. S. Marshal____ U. S. Authorities
9 Jung Yee (Chinaman). U. S. Marshal____. U. S. Authorities
9 O. Ben (Chinaman)_ U. S. Marshal..__ U. S. Authorities
14 Herbert Parker (w)__ Sergt. Dillon _____ U. S. Army
22 Sam Jones (c)_____ Sheriff Turner __ Offerman, Ga.
30 Richard Hall (c)___ Sheriff Johnson ._.. . MiHen, Ga.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 171
FUGITIVES FROM JUSTICE ARRESTED BY THE
SAVANNAH POLICE DEP'T FOR OTHER CITIES
Date Fugitive Color Arrested for Arrested by
Jan.
I Edw. J. Flanagan (w)- U. S. Army R. J. Hayes
3 Mack Smith (c)___- Augusta, Ga. W. S. Winn
3 Geo. LaMott (c)___ Augusta, Ga. W. S. Winn
4 Henry Plas (w)____ S. S. Vandurden P. M. Hendrix
4 P. D. Roddenberry (w) Blackshear, Ga. P. M. Hendrix
5 Will Groover (c)___ Statesboro, Ga. P. L. Anderson
7 William Reynolds
alias Glover (c)___ Beaufort, S. C. T. E. McAlpin
9 Henry Hall (c)____ Screvcn County M. B. Fleming
14 Wm. Carver (w)___ S. S. Merrimack___ T. E. Flaherty,
O. S. S.
14 W. Mumford (c)___ Bryan Co., Ga. H. E. Harley.
C. C. P.
14 Snelson Harris (c)__ Bryan Co., Ga. H. E. Harley,
17 H. Whitney. alias C. C. P.
Cullem (w)_____ U. S. Navy______ C. E. Stephenson
20 Henry Green (c)__- Greenville, S. C. S. Berner
20 James Clark (w)___ Manning, S. C... R. H. Mclletle
26 Hlger Jorgenson (w)_ S. S. Baltique_ C. F. Leach
29 James Santiago (c)_ S. S. Laura Mersk McGinley & Long
29 John D. DeLopias (c)_ S. S. Laura Mersk._ McGinley & Long
30 John Johnson (c)__ Brunswick, Ga._______ Sergt. Cronin
31 Willie Barns (c)___ Millen, Ga.____ Murphy, Beach &
Feb. Christie
3 Saul Britten (c)___ Ridgeland, S. C.-- C. J. Flynn
"3 Clep Pierce (w)..___ Dublin, Ga.______ W. J. Morse
4 Moso Gilliard (c)___ Ridgeland, S. C. H. H. Kemp
4 Fred Williams (w)__ U. S. Authorities___ H. H. Kemp
5 Prince Gilliard (c)__ Ridgeland, S. C.___. T. J. Carneron
6 Wm. Krook (w)___ S. S. Lisa_ Morse & Dooley
6 Wallace EIHotte (c) Appling County Lieut. Woods &
9 W. B. Davis (w)__ Sergt. Center Long
II Frank Akerman (w)__ Bulloch County Christie & Beach
18 Jack C. Murphy (w)__ Columbia, S. C.___- M. Scully
21 Charlie Baldwin <c)_- Orangeburg, S. C.__ Lieut. Woods &
Long
22 N. Goldberg (w)___ Waycross, Ga.____ DeLeon & Cohen
22 Gaffus Johnenson (w)_ S. S. Smyrna. Doherty & Fine
22 Halvdon Ber (w)__ S. S. Eina Jarl Doherty & Fine
22 Oscar Durham (\v)_ S. S. Eina Jarl_ Doherty & Fine
23 Karla Erik (w)-___ S. S. Eina Jarl___. M F. Clark
24 John Wesley (c)___ Orangeburg, S. C-_ Lieut. Bryant &
JMilikin
26 Chas. McNeil (c)___ Appling Co., Ga._ M. B. Fleming
27 Fedrick Alston (c)__ Beaufort, S. C._ T. O. Wilson
28 Wm. Roberson (c)__ Millen, Ga._ Lieut. Bryant &
March Milikin
2 R. H. Leber (w)___ Jacksonville, Fla._ McCarthy & Scully
172 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
FUGITIVES FROM JUSTICE(Continued)
Date Fugitive Color Arrested for Arrested by
March
3 Chas. alias Henry
Ashley (c)__ Burke Co., Ga.__ Lieut. Woods
3 John Scott, alias
Bijo (c) Burke Co., Ga. Lieut. Woods
5 Ed Davis (c)_____ Columbia, S. C____ Meldrim &
5 John Young, alias McCarthy
Herbert Stauss (c)__ Columbia, S. C,-. ._-_ Meldrim & Bentley
6 Sallie Coleman (c)__ Xewberry, S. C. Murphy &
McCarthy
8 Geo. DeLang (w)__ S. S. Uto_-_ Beach & Christie
8 Eugene Kristensen (w) S. S. Uto Beach & Christie
8 Mulo Koski (w)___ S. S. Uto Beach & Christie
12 Olaf Olsen (w)____ S. S. Leander__ H. L. Pwrvis
13 W. J. Growe (w)___ U. S. Authorities___ Murphy & Cohen
15 Frank Wright (xv)____ Augusta. Ga._ C. R. Long
15 Geo. Britt (c)______ Jesup, Ga.________ M. Scitlly
19 Harry Bulter, alias
Plant (w)______ DeSoto Co., Fla_ Lieut. Woods &
Long
19 Pompy Mickin (c)__ Levington Co., S. C._. T. O. Wilson
22 Will Hopkins (c)___ Tattnall Co.. Ga.__ W. H. East. C.C.P.
24 Edward Peterson (w)_ S. S. Baltic______ Murphy & Cohen
24 Carl Frizell (w)____ S. S. Baltic^____ Murphy & DeLeon
24 G. V. Johanson (w)_ S. S. Baltic.__ Cohen & DeLeon
26 Jim Demetra (w)___ S. S. Panaghe Vagliaco J. C. McCarthy
2? Andrew Yargarroday (w)___-___ S. S. Dania March. M. A. Bazemore
April
3 Orear Dortry (c)__ Rockyford, Ga. Woods. Long & "
Milikin
5 Bud Boone (c)____ Statesboro, Ga._._ Bryant, Scully &
Milikin
6 Plato Gant (c)___ Augusta, Ga.__ M. Scully
12 Arthur Childes, alias
Carter (c)______ Statesboro, Ga._ Lieut. Woods
12 Will Davis, alias Turner Richardson (c)_ Statesboro. Ga. Lieut. Wonils
13 Clarence Stiles (c)__ Palm Beach, Fla.__ Errant & Milikin
14 J. J. Ard (w)_____ Effingham Co., Ga. P. L. Anderson
20 L. E. Clark (w)____ Effingham Co., Ga._ J. J. Murphy
22 Ed Olefson (w)___ S. S. Edduside____ P. M. Hendrix
27 Ed Duncan (c)____ Statesboro, 'Ga._ Lieut. Woods
28 James Jones (c)___ Statesboro, Ga._ Lieut. Woods
29 Walter Golden (c)__ Bryan Co., Ga._ Sheriff Sipple
30 Percy Beach (w)___ Bethesda Orph. J. A. Darsey
May
1 E. W. Houston (c)__ Wayne Co., Ga._ M. G. Cohen
1 Willie J. Smith (c)__ Ferman, S. C.___ M". B. Fleming
3 Ben Bryant (c)____ Effingham Co., Ga._ M. B. Fleming
7 James Pounder (c)_ Brunswick, Ga. _ Sergt. Clancy
7 Solomon Black (c)__ Beaufort, S. C. DeLeon & Scully
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 173
FUGITIVES FROM JUSTICE(Continued)
Date Fugitive Color Arrested for . Arrested by
10 W. J. Pooser (w)___ Jacksonville, Fla.__ J. A. Felder
26 Henry Brown (c)_____ Jenkins Co., Ga.__ Long & Milikin
27 Minnie Buchanan (c)_ Aiken, S. C._ Woods & Gauslee
29 Gus Inginan (w)___ S. S. Hesprees___ M. F. Davis
29 Gottfird Anderson (w) S. S. Hesprees____ M. F. Davis
30 Joe Walker (c)____ Tybee Island, Ga.__ Long & Milikin
June
1 Nennie Towns (c)___ Washington, Ga.___ C. R. Long
2 .Pauline AtcLoud (w)_ Crittenden Home__ Lieut. Bryant
5 I. Green (c)______ Bulloch Co., Ga.___ C. Burns
12 W. L. Flanders (w)_ Macon, Ga._____ Lieut. Eivers
IS James E. Stover (c)__ Thompson, Ga.____ C. R. Long
19 Albert Golden (c)__ Hampton, S. C.___ C. Herb. 6.S.S.P.
28 P. P. Bacon (w)___ U. S. Navy______ Dooley & Clark
28 B. G. Ginnsley (w)_ Columbia, S. C.___ M. G. Cohen
29 Sh'erman Mason, alias
Charles Butts (c) Milledgeville. Ga.__ E. J. Reeves
July
6 Joe Walker (c)_ Guyton, Ga___ P. L. Andersen
9 Porter Crawford (c) Statesboro, Ga.____ Bryant & Milikin
12 William Pearson (c)~ Screven Co., Ga.___ Coursey
12 Monday Durham (c) Jacksonville, Fla.___ W. H. Fleming
15 McPherson Roberts
(w) Berrien Co., Ga.___ J. F. Bentley
16 W. L. Belcher (w)____ Jesup, Ga.___ J. C. McCarthy
17 A. M. Smith (w)___ Pierce Co., Ga.____ J. F. Bentley
24 T. C. Lee (w)_____ Sylvania, Ga._____ P. M. Hendrix
24 Chas. Guest (c)____, Valdosta, Ga.__ .___ C. R. Long
24 P. Hendrix (c)___ Bulloch Co., Ga.___ Lieut. Woods
31 Freeman Talinger (c)_ Sandersville, Ga.___ C. W. Hood,
Aug. O. S. S. P.
1 Cecil Mattox (c)___ Jenkins Co., Ga...___ Murphy &
McCarthy
2 H. L. Lander (w)_____ Bryan Co., Ga___ P. L. Anderson
3 Albert McBride (c)_ Decatur, Ga._____ Bryant & Milikin
3 R. L. Lollis (w)___ Abbeville, Ga... ___ M. G. Cohen
7 Leonidar Evans (c)_ Taylor Co., Fla.___ Lieut. Woods
9 C. W. Lines, Jr. (w)__ Wilrningtor.. N. C.__ Woods & Long
14 Geo. Brake (w)___ Waycross, Ga._.___ J. K. Beach
15 Lula Carter (w)__. _ Blumendale, Ga._ _ Woods & Long
17 Wm. Tyson (c)____ Jesuo, Ga._______ Clancy & Fleming
21 Chas. Hill (c)_____ Ellabelle, Ga._____ Bentley & Christie
24 Chester Brown (c)__ Augusta, Ga._____ J. J. Murphy
28 J. V. Holmes (w)___ Perry, Ga._______ J. C. McCarthy
29 Peter Cavanaugh (w)_ U. S. Authorities___ R. H. Mellette
29 John Perrv (c)-___. Bulloch Co., Ga.___ Bryant & Long
29 Chas. Williams (c)__ Bulloch Co.. Ga.___ Bryant & Long
29 H. A. Simons (w)_- Lexington, S. C.___ Bentley & Beach
Sept.
7 Lem P. Pierce (c)__ Evans Co., Ga-___ W. H. Fleming
7 Wilson Hinton (c)__ Washington, D, C._ J. C. McCarthy
174 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
FUGITIVES FROM JUSTICE(Continued)
Date Fugitive Color Arrested for Arrested by
8 F. B. Martin (w)__ Macon, Ga._____._ Christie & Beach
11 Chas. Williams (c)__ Rockyford, Ga.____ Sergt. Clancy
12 Saul Matthews (c)__ Waynesboro, Ga.___ T. J. Cameron
15 Harry Collins (w)____ Claxton, Ga______ J C. McCarthy
16 Ned Perry (c)_____ Dublin, Ga.______ R. J. Hayes
17 G. I. Talmage (w)____ Jacksonville, Fla.___ Murphy & Bentley
18 Jim Brown (c)__ Burke Co., Ga.____ J F. Bentley
18 James Star (c)_-_ Burke Co., Ga.____ J F. Bentley
22 C. E. Godbee (w)___ Offerman, Ga._____ C F. Leach
24 Wjllie Raden (c)___ S. S. Merrimack___ T E Flaherty,
O. S. S. P.
29 Mrs. A. E. McGhee (w) Macon, Ga._____. J. F. Bentley
Oct.
8 W. M. Manz (w)___ Bulloch Co., Ga.___ P. L. Anderson
8 August H. Werner (w) U. S. Authorities___ J. J. Murphy
10 Jens Peterson (w)__ S. S. John Siem____ McCarthy & Scully
10 Christian Hansen (\vj_ S. S. John Siem___ McCarthy & Scully
10 Oscar Jacobson (w)__ S. S. John Siem_,_ McCarthy & Scully
14 G. O. Franklin (w)__ Bulloch Co., Ga.___ T O. Wilson
14 Mrs. G. O. Franklin
(w) _-_._____ Bulloch Co., Ga.___ R. G. Williams
14 Stephen Hawk (w)_ U. S. Army______ P. M. Hendrix
15 Wyley Jones (w)__ Charleston, S. C.___ D. D. Miles
15 Joe Brown (w)____ U. S. Army______ G. W. Slocum
17 Bob Thompson (c)_ Augusta, Ga-_____ Woods & Longabaugh
!7 Geo. Washington (c)_ M'illen, Ga._______ G. Smith
18 Chas. Williams (c)___ Rock-ford, Ga._____ F. Adkins
19 Jack Prescott (w)-_ Waync-sboro. Ga.___ Bentley & Beach
25 C. R. Campbell (w)_ Stateshoro, Ga.____ M Scully
30 Otto Siass (w)____ S. S. Yaring______ Lieut. Woods
30 Wm. Stonebouiich (w) S. S. Varing______ R. H. Mellette
30 Gus Hankanson (w)__ S. S. Varing___ J J. Murphy
30 Alvin Tulvach (w)__ S. S. Varing______ J. C. McCarthy
30 Rudolph Anderson (w) S. S. Varing______ McCarthy &
DeLeon
30 Joe Hansen (w)___ S. S. Varing______ McCarthy &
DeLeon
30 Joseph Nudleman (w)_ L'. S. Army___ Parker & Miles
Nov.
3 G. W. Akridge (w)_ Worth Co., Ga.___ Scully & Cohen
5 Primus Adams (c)__ Columbia, S. C.___ Scully & Cohen
6 J. W. Browning (w)__ Jesup, Ga. ._.___ Scully & McCarthy
7 Haller Jan (Chinaman") U. S. Authorities-__ Cohen & Christie
7 Charlie Lee (China'n) U. S. Authorities-._ Cohen & Christie
8 Willie Turner fw)___ Jesup. Ga._______ J. F. Bentley
10 W. H. Grant (w)___ Brunswick, Ga.____ Lieut. Woods
11 Ry Hin (Chinaman)_ S. S. Madeline_____ J. McGrath
12 Henry Pittman (c)__ Fulton Co., Ga.____ Scully & DeLeon
12 Hewlett Ratcliffe (w)_ U. S. Authorities___ Murphy &
McCarthy
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 175
FUGITIVES FROM JUSTICE(Continued)
Date Fugitive Color Arrested for Arrested by
12 Mrs. Hewlett Ratcliffe
(w) __________ U. S. Authorities_ Murphy &
McCarthy
14 Cora Livingston (c)__ Hampden, S. C. J. H. McGrath
15 W. M. Long (c)___ Waycross, Ga.____ M. F. Clark
16 Geo. W. Lee (w)___ Chicago, III.__ Lieut. Elvers
16 A. V. Johnson (w)__ Statesboro, Ga. Woods & Clark
18 James R. Powers (w)_ U. S. Navy- J. M. Aiken
19 Walter Fason (c)___ Liberty Co., Ga.___ Murphy & Beach
19 Sam SmilH (c)___ Liberty Co., Ga. Murphy & Scully
21 Chas. Wilson (w)___ U. S. Navy.__ P. J. Fahey
21 Harry Taylor (w)__ U. S. Navy.__._____ P. J. Fahey
26 W. O. Hallman (w)_. U. S. Authorities___ S. Berner
Dec.
1 Willie Williams (c)_ U. S. Authorities___ DeLeon & Harms
3 Sam Green (c)_____ U. S. Authorities__ J. A. Herman
3 Sam Thomas (w)___'. Clinton; N. C. Scully & Cohen
9 Dorsey Hammond (c)_ Darlington, S. C. P. L. Anderson
11 Hattie Heitzel (w)__ Kissimmee, Fla.__ Lieut. Bryant
13 Jessie Bradgon (w)_ Florence, S. C.- T. J. Cameron
15 Ben Calvin (c)___ Hampton Co., S. C. J. J. Murphy
16 W. Pape, alias Harris
(c) __________ Effingham Co., Ga._ J. P. DeLeon
16 Philip Bohannon (w)_ U. S. Army__ Sergt. Semken &
Hendrix
19 Peter Peterson (w)_ S. S. Ulsburg_____ R. F. Dooley
19 Siefied Peterson (w)_. S. S. Ulsburg____ R. F. Dooley
19 Vans Hansen (w)___ S. S. Ulsburg____ R. F. Dooley
24 James Addison (c)__ Ridgeland, S. C. M. B. Fleming
27 Palmer Addison (w)__ U. S. Army M. B. Fleming
FUGITIVES FROM JUSTICE ARRESTED FOR THE SAVANNAH POLICE DEPARTMENT IN OTHER CITIES
DATE
July 20_..
September 12 _
October 26 _
November 24 _
November 24 _
November 29 _
November 29 _
FUGITIVE
0. C. J. Tiedemann __
S. M. Lux, alias
Adolph Lauck _ _
Chas. Wililams __
B. E. Pittman ______
Arthur McFeely _ _
Frank Burke _________
Julius Felton ___ _
Color
W
W
C
W
W
C
C
CHARGE
Larceny
Cheating and
Swindling _____
Burglary ________
Larceny ________
Larceny _ _ ___
Larceny _ ______
Larceny ________
Arrested at
New York __
Macon _ __
Americus ____
Augusta _ .
Augusta _ _
Guy ton __ _
Guy ton ____ _
Brought Back
by
J, J. Murphy
J. C. McCarthy
J. P. DeLeon
J. C. McCarthy
J. C. McCarthy
M. G. Cohen
M. G. Cohen
REPORT ANNUAL MAYOR'S 176
MAYOR'S AXNUAL REPORT 177
REPORTS MADE TO POLICE DEPARTMENT BY
PAWNBROKERS DURING YEAR 1915
January _____________________________ 22,000
February ____________________________ 20,000
March _____________________________ 20,500
April _______"_______________________ 18,860
May ______________________________ 20,600
June ______________________________ 20,450
July ______________________________ 19,000
August _____________________________ 21,750
September ___________________________ 19,860
October ____________________________ 20,320
November _________________________ 21.760
December ______________. ___________ 21.875
Total __________________________246,975
AMOUNT OF PROPERTY REPORTED LOST OR
STOLEN AND AMOUNTS RECOVERED
LOST OR STOLEN RECOVERED
January ________________$ 4,359.50 $ 2,103.50
February ________________ 3,131.00 1,559.00
March ________________ 4,694.00 2,938.00
April __________________ 4,443.00 2,564.00
May __________________ 3,793.50 2,333.50
June__________________ 2,729.00 1,236.00
July __________________ 4,875.00 " 2,846.00
August_________________ 5,118.00 3,960.00
September ______________ 5,492.00 3,699.00
October ________________ 5,404.00 3,400.00
November _______________ 6,003.00 4,824.00
December _______________ 9,989.00 7,800.00
Total _____________$60,031.00 $39,263.00
REPORT OF ACCIDENTS, LOST CHILDREN, ANIMALS, IMPOUNDED, ETC.
1
Babies Deserted ...._. .. ___ _ _ . _____
Suicides __ ___ .. _
Dead Bodies Found.- _______.. __ __ _ .....
Deaths Reported to Coroner .. ..__ .....
Defective Sidewalks Reported- _ __ _ _ ... .._
Klectric Lights Reported Out _ - ._
Lost Children _ _____ _ _ _
Motorcycles and Autos Found __ _ _ .
Accidents
Motorcycle
Street Car __ - - _ -_- ___ _____
Other Vehicles _____ _____ _
Jan
20
()
0
2
1
1
1
13
35
1
0
7
7
3
3
2
Fch
8
1
0
0
0
3
0
13
34
0
3
5
5
1
3
6
Men
10
1
0
2
0
2
0
31
28
0
0
6
10
1
4
5
A>'I
4
0
I)
0
1
2
22
13
0
1
5
7
1
2
6
May
8
0
I)
2
1
0
3>1
28
0
0
4
15
2
4
2
-Jun
2
1
0
0
1
0
12
29
0
1
10
10
1
3
2
July |Ag|Sept|Oct|Nov| Dec |Total
3
0
0
0
0
0
18
17
1
4
7
13
3
1
6
12
2
0
0
I)
1
13
20
0
3
2
9
2
4
S
9
I)
0
0
0
1
1
15
28
1
0
3
17
2
3
2
11
1
0
1
0
0
0
16
16
0
0
9
25
0
g
3
11
2
1
1
0
1
0
14
26
0
0
8
15
1
4
3
7
1
0
1
2
3
1
13
44
0
2
3
9
1
1
3
105
9
1
9
6
28
6
213
318
3
14
69
142
18
40
45
MAVOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 179
LODGERS ACCOMMODATED
January ___________________________ 254
Febraary ___________________________ 139
March _____________________________ 143
April ___________________________ 55
May ______________________________ 24
June ____________________________ 40
July ____________________________________ 28
August _____________________________ 27
September ___________________________ 56
October ____________________________ 52
November ________________________ 78
December ___________________________ 109
Total __________________________ 1,005
SALARIES PAID MEMBERS OF THE DEPARTMENT
1 Chief ______________________at__$2,600.00
1 First Lieutenant ________________at__ 1,920.00
Second Lieutenant ______________at__ 1,580.00
Third Lieutenant ________________at__ 1,520.00
Clerk (Police Department and Police Court)_at__ 1,800.00
Clerk (Detective Department) ________at__ 900.00
Matron _____________________at__ 600.00
Chief Detective ________________at__ ,680.00
3 Detectives ___________________at__ ,280.00
2 Detectives ___________________at__ ,220.00
2 Detectives __________________at__ ,160.00
1 First Sergeant _________________at__ ,320.00
6 Sergeants __________________at__ ,300.00
1 Sergeant ____________________at__ ,120.00
2 Sergeants __________________at__ 1,180.00
8 Patrolmen ___________________at__ 1,020.00
9 Patrolmen __________________at__ 1,080.00
180 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
33 Patrolmen ___________________at__ 960.00
55 Patrolmen ___________________at__ 900.00
1 Electrician (half salary) ___________at__ 900.00
1 Assistant Electrician (half salary) ______at__ 540.00
4 Drivers _____________________at__ 900.00
1 Stable Keeper _________________at__ 1,200.00
1 Stable Keeper (night) ____________at__ 780.00
1 Dog Catcher __________________at__ 720.00
1 Assistant Dog Catcher (c) __________at__ 360.00
1 Porter (c) ___________________at__ 360.00
MEN UNDER PENSION
1 Sergeant ______________'_____at__$ 746.56
2 Sergeants ____________________at__ 560.00
1 Sergeant ____________________at__ 650.00
2 Privates _____________________at__ 540.00
1 Private _____________________at__ 510.00
1 Private ____________________at__ 300.00
?
'I
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 181 '!
INVENTORY POLICE DEPARTMENT PROPERTY
JANUARY 1, 1916
Buildings at headquarters ______$50,000.00 '
Sub-station, Thomas Park ______ 530.00 $ 50,530.00
Land, at headquarters ________ 25,000.00 25,000.00 " i
GAMEWELL SYSTEM j
Operated jointly by Police and Fire Departments
Value of Police Department's portion only shown |
Batteries, Racks, Extra Parts____$ 670.00 I
Charging Board, Operating Board, !
Inter-connections, Extra Parts_ 1,800.00
52 Street Boxes, Extra Parts_____ 7,800.00
4 Desk Telephone Sets, 1 Gong Indicator, Inter-connections ____ 230.00
89,900 feet Overhead Wire______ 899.00
24 Street Manholes __________ 600.00
8,375 feet Underground Conduits__ 2,093.75
60 Iron Posts with Box Attachments. _ 750.00
2,700 feet, 15 prs. Underground Cable 540.00
2,700 feet, 10 prs. Underground Cable 455.00
2,700 feet, 6 prs. Underground Cable 229,50
15,400 feet, 5 prs. Underground Cable 1,078.00
33,400 feet, 3 prs. Underground Cable 1,670.00
100 Iron Posts, Top Fixtures_____ 100.00
362 Cross-Arm Outfits, complete__ 181.00
1 New Gamewell System Tape Register for Desk Sergeant's Office.- 275.00
Outlet Boxes, Pipes and Fittings__ 250.00
Extra Material on Hand________ 475.00
Tools and Appliances_________ 50.00 20,146.25
LIVE STOCK
*29 Horses at $150.00 each_____$ 4,350.00 $ 4,350.00
*Two died, 1 sold, and 2 bought during 1915.
182 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
INVENTORY POLICE DEPARTMENT PROPERTY
January 1, 1916(Continued)
MATERIAL AND SUPPLIES
6 tons Coal _______________$ 48.00
250 bales of Hay____________ 260.00
30 sacks of Oats____________ 50.00
Stationery- _______________ 15.00
4 Buckets _______________ 1.50
10 Brooms ______________ 5.00
4 cans Stove Polish _________ .40
Y2 case of Soap____________ 2.00
y2 case Washing Powders___ __ 1.00
2-3 case of Bon Ami__________ 1.00
Potash _________________ .75
1 box Starch______________ 1.50
3 dozen bottles Blueing________ 2.00
3 Brushes _______________ .50
Clothes Pins _____________ .10
32 Face Towels ___________'_ 7.00
45 Bath Towels ____________ 10.00
36 Sheets, Patrolmen's Beds_____ 8.00
32 Sheets, Prisoners' Beds_____ 6.00
50 yards Bunting___________ 2.50
1 Yi bx Gamewell Tape Register Paper 15.00
5 extra Automobile Tires_______ 175.00
15 gallons Automobile Oil______ 8.40
12 gallons Motorcycle Oil_______ 5.50
150 pounds Dope Auto Grease___ 12.00
30 gallons Disinfectants _______ 20.00 $ 658.15
FURNITURE AND FIXTURES
4 Roll Top Desks___________$ 100.00
5 small Flat Top Desks________ 25.00
1 Flat Top Desk (standing)_____ 7.00-
1 Wood Filing Cabinet________ 10.00
2 small Wood Filing Cabinets____ . 5.00
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 183
INVENTORY POLICE DEPARTMENT PROPERTYJanuary 1, 1916(Continued)
1 Remington Typewriter_______ 30.00
1 Smith Typewriter__________ 75.00
2 Prisoners' Prop'y Cabinets (wood) 30.00
3 Clocks ________________ 15.00
105 Clothes Lockers__________ 262.00
3 large Tables _____________ 50.00
6 small Tables ____________ 15.00
8 Revolving Desk Chairs_______ 40.00
90 Chairs _______________ 90.00
1 Kerosene Oil Heater________ 6.00
2 Electric Heaters___________ 20.00
7 Heating Stoves___________ 35.00
1 Cook Stove and Utensils_____ 5.00
2 Wooden Cabinets__________ 10.00
I Medicine Cabinet and Contents__ 5.00
5 Electric Fans___i________ 50.00
2 Art Squares_____________ 55.00
II Rugs________________ 25.00
20 Cuspidors for offices________ 5.00
30 Wooden Cuspidors for sta'n house 5.00
2 Book Cases_______"_____ 12.00
2 Metal Filing Cases_________ 40.00
1 Combination Metal Filing Case__ 100.00
5 Desk Portable Lights________ 10.00
1 Metal Clothes Locker_______ 20.00
1 Warrant Case_________ 2.00
4 Water Coolers________________ 15.00
1 Mimeograph Machine________ 5.00
20 Window Shades___________ 5.00
Floor Covering, linoleum_______ 20.00
4 pairs Handcuffs___________ 20.00
15 Blankets, officers' beds______ 15.00
7 Beds, 7 Mattresses, 16 pairs Pillows, officers' beds________ 25.00
184 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
INVENTORY POLICE DEPARTMENT PROPERTY
January 1, 1916(Continued)
40 Blankets, prisoners' beds_____ 30.00
29 Mattresses, 11 Iron Cots, 17 Pillows, prisoners' beds________ 50.00
SUB-STATION FURNITURE
Desk, 2 Chairs, 1 Oil Heater, Water
Cooler, 1 Electric Fan______ 75.00 $ 1,419.00
ROLLING STOCK
1 colored Auto Ambulance (Kissel) __$ 2,450.00
1 white Auto Ambulance (White)_ 2,300.00
1 Auto Patrol Wagon (White)____ 2,100.00
1 Auto'bile Touring Car (Hudson) __ 800.00
10 Motorcycles _____________ 1,200.00
1 horse-drawn Patrol Wagon_____ 40.00
1 Dog Catcher's Wagon________ 10.00
1 Buckboard ______________ 75.00
1 Supply Wagon____________ 25.00
3 Bicycles _____________ 30.00
AUTO AND MOTORCYCLE TOOLS'AND MATERIAL *
9 sheets Emery Cloth, 1 box Tapered
Pins, 1 box Woodward Keys, I box
Grinding Compound, 1 box Fisk
Filler Cut, 1 box, 1 box 3-16 Stove
Bolts (2-in. long), 1 box3-16 Stove
Bolts (lj/2-in. long), 1 Grip (Indian), 1 Intake Manifold (Kissel),
1 Blow Torch, 1 can Red Enamel,
\y2 feet New Chain (for motorcycles), 2 Motorcycle Axles, j/2
pound Patching Rubber, 1 Pedal,
18 Spokes, 1 Socket Wrench Set, 1
Speed Governor (Kissel), 1 Hud-
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 185
INVENTORY POLICE DEPARTMENT PROPERTY
January 1, 1916(Continued)
son Casing (used), 1 coil Spring
Wire, I second-speed Sliding Gear
(Hudson), 2 Flat Files, 2 Round
Files, 2 Half-round Files, 1 Socket
Wrench,! Hand Drill, 2 Spanner
Wrenches, 1 Hudson Valve
Wrench, 1 Eiseman Magneto
Wrench, 1 Valve Lifter, 1 pair
Chain Pliers, 1 Chain Tool, 1 Nipple Grip, 9 Open-End Machinist's
Wrenches, 2 Screw Drivers, 1
large pair Pliers, 1 large 18-inch
Monkey Wrench, 16 Tire Chain
Repair Pieces, 1 Vice, 2 Rims
(ambulance and patrol), 1 bottle
Shellac, }/2 bottle Neatsfoot Oil, 1
Funnel for Buick, 1 piece Chain
5 ft. 6 in., 1 39-tooth Sprocket, 2
Brake Drums, 2 39-tooth Sprockets, 2 Brake Drum Nuts, 1 old
35x5 Auto Casing, 1 Machinist's
Hammer, 1 Cold Chisel, 1 Punch,
Y2 can Cement, 1 28x2J/2 Tube, 4
old Tubes, 2 Door Irons (for White
Ambulance), 1 old Motorcycle
Tank, 3 Belt Laces, 1 can White
Lead ________________ 40.00 $ 9,030.00
EQUIPMENT
4 sets Single Harness_________$ 30.00
35 Saddles ______________ 200.00
35 Bridles ________________ 55.00
33 Saddle Blankets and Covers____ 155.00
42 Stall Halters ____________ 25.00
186 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
INVENTORY POLICE DEPARTMENT PROPERTY
January 1, 1916(Continued)
5 Shovels ________________ 3.00
1 Platform Scale ___________ 5.00
1 Bowser Gas Tank and Pump____ 200.00
3 Oil Tanks ______________ 20.00
2 Wheelbarrows ____________ 5.00 $ 698.00
UNIFORM EQUIPMENT
Collars and Gloves on hand_____$ 120.00
50 Web Cartridge Belts________ 15.00
133 Helmet Wreaths__________ 50.00
125 Summer Caps___________ 75.00
125 Winter Caps____________ 125.00
144 Badges _______________ 72.00
125 Cap Badges____________ 75.00
94 Club Sockets____________ 23.50
115 Clubs _______________ 57.50
118 Whistles ______________ 25.00
115 Uniforms _____________ 575.00
120 Uniforms _____________ 1,440.00
120 Overcoats ____________ 1,200.00
115 Black Hats ____________ 100.00
107 Helmets ______________ 20.00
133 Pistol Holsters___________ 33.25
97 Belts ________________ 50.00
25 pairs of Spurs___________ 15.00
33 pairs of Puttees___________ 60.00
62 Springfield Rifles and Bayonets_ 124.00
42 Winchester Rifles, .38 caliber___ 336.00
125 Colt's Revolvers_________ 1,250.00
30 Sabres ________________ 15.00
Ammunition on hand _________ 2.50 $ 5,858.75
Grand Total __________ " $117,543.90
TWENTY-SIXTH ANNUAL REPORT
OP THE
PAID FIRE DEPARTMENT
OF THE
CITY OF SAVANNAH
FOR THE YEAR ENDING
DECEMBER 31
1915
JOHN H. MONROE
CHIEF ENGINEER

FIRE COMMITTEE REPRESENTING THE CITY OF
SAVANNAH, YEAR 1915
W. A. PIGMAN, Chairman
JOHN E. FOY W. W. WILLIAMSON
J. C. SLATER J. A. LOGAN
\
FIRE DEPARTMENT
JOHN H. MONROE________________Chief Engineer
A. JOHN TOSHACH_______First Assistant Chief Engineer
THOMAS J. FOGERTY____Second Assistant Chief Engineer
VOLNEY B. JONES____________________Secretary
J. C. McDOWELL."______________Electrical Inspector
T. P. SAND1FORD_Superintendent Fire Alarm and Telegraph
E. H. TODD__Asst. Superintendent Fire Alarm and Telegraph
WALTER L. ZEALEY____.__Superintendent of Machinery
S. W. PECK_______Assistant Superintendent of Machinery
J. C. TYSON________________Chief Fire Inspector
F. J. KILROY____________________Fire Inspector
J. A. BERGMAN___________________Fire Inspector
CHARLES W. TAYLOR_____________Fire Inspector
N. J. FRIZZELLE, JR.________________Fire Inspector
CHARLES KAMINSKY______________Fire Inspector
CHIEF ENGINEER'S REPORT
To the Honorable Mayor and Board of Aldermen of the City of
Savannah:
GENTLEMEN:
.1 have the honor to submit to you my third annual report of
this department, for the year ending December 31, 1915. This
being the twenty-sixth annual report of the paid Fire Department
of the City of Savannah:
At the close of the year 1915 the total number of members
of the department was as follows:
1 Chief Engineer.
1 First Assistant Chief Engineer.
1 Second Assistant Chief Engineer.
1 Secretary.
1 Electrical Inspector.
1 Superintendent of Fire Alarm and Telegraph.
1 Assistant Superintendent of Fire Alarm and Telegraph.
1 Superintendent of Machinery.
I Assistant Superintendent of Machinery.
1 Chief Fire Inspector.
5 Fire Inspectors.
2 Regular Drivers Chief's car.
I Relief Driver Chief's car.
7 Captains of Engine Companies.
1 Captain of Truck Company.
1 Captain of Chemical Company.
7 Lieutenants of Engine Companies.
192 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
1 Lieutenant of Truck Company.
1 Lieutenant of Chemical Company.
6 Engineers of Pumpers.
63 Privates.
105 Total.
During the year the following changes in the department
took place:
6 Privates resigned.
2 Privates dismissed.
1 Inspector dismissed.
9 Privates appointed.
1 Inspector appointed.
1 Lieutenant reduced to Private by request.
1 Private promoted to Lieutenant.
1 Chimney Sweeper died.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 193
FIRE DEPARTMENT BY COMPANIES
FIRE STATION No. 1
518-522 Broughton Street, East
NAME POSITION SERVICE
Jerry Murphy____Captain _____________15 years
Thos. J. Duffey___Lieutenant.___________ 6 "
Claud D. Henderson_Engineer ____________ 4 "
M. J. Roache_____Private _____________15
T. Ryan ________Private _____________ 7
T. Welsh _______Private ______...._-12 "
T. G. Kearney____Private _____________12
G. F. Byrnes_____Private ________ 7 "
W. F. Fallen_____Private ________1____ 1 "
FIRE STATION No. 2
Indian and West Broad Streets
NAME POSITION SERVICE
Chas. V. Egense___Captain _____________31 years
W. J. Powers_____Lieutenant ____________ 4
G. F. Kilroy_____Engineer ____________zll
L. F. Henderson___Private _____________17
Geo. Campsen ___Private ____________ 7 "
W. J. Hanlon_____Private ____________ 5 "
J. C. Hirt_______Private _____________10 "
C. D. Quarles____Private _____________ 5 "
T. A. Maguire____Private _____________ 3
J. W. Whallen____Private ____________ 9 "
A. C. Rollerson___Private _____________ 2
194 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
FIRE STATION No. 3
Oglethorpe Avenue and Abercorn Street
NAME POSITION SERVICE
A. M. Rogers_____Captain _____________17 years
J. Hunter _______.Lieutenant _____ 8
S. C. Gardner____Engineer ____________ 2
R. B. Hearne_____Private _____________16
J. P. Duffey______Private _____________19 "
J. L. Eady_______Private _____________ 2
H. V. Summerlin___Private _____________ 3 "
T. Foran _______Private _____________ 2
R. P. Shehan_____Private _____________ 6
A. C. Turner_____Private _____________ 2 "
A.L.Alexander-___Private _____________ 2
FIRE STATION No. 4
606 Barnard Street
NAME POSITION SERVICE
D. P. Murphy____Captain _____________17 years
T. J. Fogarty_____Lieutenant ___________10
W. F. White______Engineer ____________10 "
Geo. C. Donnelly__Private _____________25
W. H. Remley____Private _____________14
E. J. Seymour____Private _____________ 9
E. M. Bart______Private _____________ 3 "
C. H. Zace______Private _____________ 4
F. E. Leonard____Private _____________ 4 "
J. B. Minor______Private ____1________ 2 "
J. J. Whallen_____Private _____________12 "
FIRE STATION No. 5
11 Henry Street, East
NAME POSITION SERVICE
D. V. Whitaker____Captain _____________16 years
M. F. Sullivan____Lieutenant ______-______-13
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 195
Leo Walsh ______Engineer _____.___ - _ 9 years
R. E. Long______Private ___________ 3
O. H. Clarke_____Private _____________ 3 "
C. W. EHis______Private _____________12 "
J. O'Leary ______Private ____________22 "
S. V. Paul______Private _____________ 3 "
W. J. Futch___^..Private _____________17 "
B. Blumberg _____Private ____________ 4
FIRE STATION No. 6
38th Street and Barnard
NAME POSITION SERVICE
C. M. Burnham___Captain _____________19 years
Chas. Stein ______Lieutenant ___________ 8
C. Christensen ___Engineer ____________17
W.J. Cleary_____Private _____________31 "
J. A. McGrath____Private _____________15 "
M. F. Harvey_____Private ______________ 9
J. J. Hearne_____Private _____________20
M. Shefftall______Private _____________ 2 "
J. W. Wittee______Private _____________ 6 "
J, M. Smith_____Private ___________ 3 months
FIRE STATION No. 7
Gwinnett and Paulsen Streets
NAME * POSITION SERVICE
E. V. Pacetti_____Captain _____________17 years
B. Leddy _______Lieutenant ___________17 "
S. W. Peck______Engineer ____________10 "
A. Smith _______Private _____________ 5
J. J. Fitzpatrick____Private _____________10
B. E. Sheppard___Private ____________10 "
W. E. Turner_____Private _____________ 2 "
W. L. DuFour-___Private _____________ 7 "
J. H. Bell______Private _.__________ 7 "
Geo. Schroder____Private _____________ 2 "
196 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
CHEMICAL COMPANY No. 1
Oglethorpe and Abercorn Streety
NAME POSITION SERVICE
Geo. E. Johnson_Captain _______________15 years
J. F, Hartnoll_____Lieutenant ___________ 6
E. T. Morrisey____Private _____________14
R.J.O'Keefe_____Private __,.-__.,________ 8 "
J. P. Chaplin, Jr.___Private ____________ 5
Wm. M. Fogarty___Private _____________ 1
TRUCK COMPANY No. 1
Oglethorpe Avenue and Abercorn Street
NAME POSITION SERVICE
A. P. McFarland___Captain ______________30 years
T. Flynn _______Lieutenant _________________I7
J. C. Bailey______Tillerman ___________12 "
J. C. Shehan_____Driver ______________12 "
B. F. Potter______Ladderman ___________ 4 "
J. R. Wohanka____Ladderman ___________ 9
L. W. Hathaway___Ladderman ___________ 3
J. C. Anderson____Ladderman ______ 1 "
W. B. Hartley____Ladderman ___________ 2 months
J. P. Kavanaugh_..-Driver Chiefs car_______ 9 years
Albert Hirt ______Driver Assistant Chief's car_ 6
W. F. Carrick____Relief Driver ________1_12 "
PENSIONERS OF THE DEPARTMENT
MONTH
J. J. Connolly, pensioned January 22, 1913________$62.50
C. A. Christinas, pensioned March 12, 1912________ 50.00
John Carrick, pensioned March 8, 1911__________ 37.50
W. W. Pringle, pensioned February 4, 1914________ 45.00
. F. H. Thompson, pensioned February 4, 1914__"____ 45.00
Louis Treboney, pensioned February 18, 1914______ 50.00
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 197
ESTIMATED VALUE OF FIRE DEPARTMENT
PROPERTY
Lands __________________________$ 60,000.00
Buildings __________________-______ 62,600.00
Fire Alarm System____________________ 36,250.00
Live Stock ____'___________________ 2,000.00
Fire Apparatus _____________________ 102,600.00
Tools ___________________________ 2,100.00
Hose ____________________________ 15,817.50
Harness _______________:_________ 250.00
Furniture and Fixtures_________________ 4,500.00
Material and Supplies_________________ 550.00
Uniform Equipment __________________ 1,050.00
Motorcycle ______________________ 200.00
Old Wagons and Buggies_______________ 150.00
Total _______________________$288,067.50
HOSE SUPPLY
LENGTHS FEET
Engine Co. No. 1_______________ 54 2,700
Engine Co. No. 2________________ 56 2,800
Engine Co. No. 3________________ 57 2,850
Engine Co. No. 4________________ 51 2,550
Engine Co. No. 5________________ 51^ 2,550
Engine Co. No. 6________________ 48 2,400
Engine Co. No. 7_______________ 42 2,200
Chemical Co. No. 1______________ 4 200
Truck Co. No. 1________________ I 75
Total ______..__________364 18,325
198 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
LIVE STOCK IN THE DEPARTMENT
Ten Horses at $200.00___________________$2,000.00
ROLLING STOCK
Automobile Pumpers and Hose Wagons, Automobile Combination
Chemical and Hose Wagons, Automobile Chemical Engines,
Reserve Steam Engines, and Aerial Extension Truck
and Ladder. All of American. La-France Fire
Engine Company's Make.
The roiling stock of this department consists of the following pieces:
7 Auto Pumpers, type 12, 100 h. p., develops 110, 6 cylinders
each.
4 Auto Combinations, Chemical and Hose Wagons, type 10, 48
h. p., develops 72, 4 cylinders each, with 40-gallon chemical
tanks under seats.
I Auto Chemical Engine, triple tank, with two 50-gallon and one
40-gallon, type 10, 40 h. p., develops 72, 4 cylinders each.
CHEMICAL ENGINES (Dismantled and out of service)
1 Chemical Engine with Holloway double tank, 85 gallons each.
RESERVE STEAM ENGINES
2 first size Double Pump American-LaFrance Fire Engines.
1 double extra first size Double Pump, American-LaFrance Fire
Engine.
HOOK AND LADDER TRUCKS
1 American-LaFrance Aerial Extension Ladder, 75 feet long.
1 Rumsey's Light Steel Frame Truck, with 35-gallon Chemical
Tank hung under frame.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 199
2 City Service Trucks, Savannah Fire Department make, each
with a 65-gallon Chemical Tank hung under frame.
1 Leverich's Wood Frame Tiller Truck.
HOOK AND LADDER TRUCK (Dismantled and out of
commission)
1 Hay's Aerial Extension 'Ladder, 55 feet long.
OLD WAGONS AND BUGGIES IN THE DEPARTMENT
3 old one-horse wagons, used in hauling supplies.
1 old buggy.
CHIEF ENGINEER'S AUTOMOBILES
1 Chief Engineer's" Automobile, Haynes make.
1 First Assistant Chief Engineer's Automobile, Stevens-Durea.
1 Second Assistant Chief Engineer's Automobile, Hudson make.
MOTORCYCLE
1 Thor Motorcycle, used by the Electrical Inspector.
RECEIPTS FOR THE YEAR FROM DIFFERENT SOURCES
Savannah Water Works, account of 145 gallons gasoline
and 25 gallons Autoline, used at water works pumping out wells _____________$ 27.10
Receipts from Electric Inspection fees_________ 1,510.50
Receipts from sale of old scrap rubber_________ 102.91
Receipts from two (2) horses sold at public outcry__ 149.50
Receipts from barrels sold_______________ 10.50
Receipts for steam engine nests, old sacks, and repair
of hose __________________ 50.00
Receipts for supplies used at the Georgia-Carolina lumber fire (outside city limits)______________ 33.18
200 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
Repairs to Police Department's Automobile______ 27.92
Returns from chimney sweeping for the year_____ 846.40
Streets and Lanes Department: 2,442 gallons gasoline
and 87 gallons Autoline________________ 305.66
City Marshal, 136 gallons gasoline and one gallon Autoline _________________________ 22.32
Total amount collected_______________$3,105.99
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 201
ACCIDENTS OCCURRING IN THE DEPARTMENT
DURING THE YEAR
FEBRUARY 21, 1915. While fighting a fire at 2.30 p. m.,
Private O. H. Clark of Engine Company No. 5, cut his hand on
a piece of broken glass, but with the prompt attention of the City
Physician was only" off a few days.
After responding to Box 125, to a fire at the Chatham Wood
Yard, the horses backed No. 5 Truck into a tree and smashed the
end of the 28-foot ladder thereon. This was at 12.08 a. m.
While responding to an alarm of fire at Pooler, Ga., Chemical No. 1 got stuck in the mud, but was pulled out with the assistance of another car.
FEBRUARY 28, 1915. While responding to Box 64, Engine
Co. No. 6's pumper collided with Engine Co. No. 5's wagon at
Bolton and Jefferson streets, damaging the tank and footboard
on Engine Co. No. 5's wagon, but not injuring the pumper. This
occurred at 11.48 a. m.
MARCH 3, 1915. While responding to a fire at 37th and
Barnard streets, Private J. J. Hearne fell from the track, slightly
injuring himself. A physician was called, but his injuries were
found to be only slight.
APRIL 4, 1915. While responding to Box 58, First Assistant
Chief Toshach's car skidded on the street car tracks at Broughton and Whitaker streets, striking a wagon standing near the
curbing, owned by the Atlantic and Pacific Tea Co., breaking the
shaft of the wagon and slightly damaging the lamps on the automobile. Chief Toshach was thrown out and was braised up, but
got up and proceeded on to the fire.
APRIL 17, 1915. While Track Co. No. 2 was responding to
a fire caused by Fire Alarm Box 53 being turned in, the left
rear wheel smashed and the entire truck had to be thrown out of
service. This was at 9 a. m.
202 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
MAY 17, 1915. At 11.23 a. m., while getting off Engine Co.
No. 5's pumper, Private 0. H. Clark had his foot run over by
the Wheels of the pumper. He was only slightly injured and
never lost any time from the injury.
AUGUST 25. 1915. Engine Co. No. 5, while pumping out a
well at the Savannah Water Works Department, at 11 p. m., Private Ellis ran a nail in his foot, putting him out of commission
temporarily.
SEPTEMBER 3, 1915. Engine Co. No. 2's pumper, while responding to a fire called by Box 57 on Margaret street, backed
into a telegraph pole, bending up the fenders on the machine,
which were later repaired.
OCTOBER 5, 1915. Truck Co. No. 1, at headquarters, while
exercising at 6 a. m. in the morning,, turning into Abercorn street
at Broughton, coming south, extension ladder smashed several
lights in a passing street car going north on Abercorn street. No
damage was sustained by the truck.
NOVEMBER 12, 1915. While fighting a fire at Wayne and
West Broad street, Box 35, Lieutenant Flynn of Truck No. 1, fell
through a roof, injuring his shoulder. He was laid up for several
days, and upon return to his work was placed on light duty.
NOVEMBER 16, 1915. While responding to a telephone call
on South street, the gears on Engine Co. No. 6's pumper were
stripped trying to get out of the heavy sand.
DECEMBER 8, 1915. While responding to a fire at 407
39th street, east, at 10.20 p. m., Engine Co. No. 6's pumper had
her gears stripped, and had to be thrown out of service until new
ones could be installed.
DECEMBER 25, 1915. At 11.45 a. m. while responding to &
fire at 32d and Ash streets, the driver of Engine Co. No. 5's wagon
backed her into First Assistant Chief Toshach's car, damaging the
fender, hand-rail and gasoline tank on the wagon, and putting
Assistant Chief Toshach's car temporarily out of commission.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 203
REPORT OF THE ELECTRICAL INSPECTION FOR
1915
SAVANNAH, GA., December 31, 1915.
MR. JOHN H. MONROE, Chief Engineer,
The Savannah Fire Department,
Savannah, Ga.
DEAR SIR:
I have the honor of submitting to you my report for the year
1915, which is as follows:
Total number applications received______________2,476
Total number defects corrected, including old buildings being repaired or rewired__________________1,139
TOTAL NUMBER OF INSPECTIONS MADE
Lights ___________________20,300
Fans ______________________________ 950
Motors _____________________L. __________ 400
Electric Irons _,______________________ 150
Electric Heaters _______________________ 100
Electric Pianos ________________________ 25
Electric Rectifiers __________________ 11
Electric Stoves _________________________ 10
Electric Welders _______________________ 2
Arc Lights _________________________._ 30
Total__________________________21,078
204 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
RECEIPTS FOR THE YEAR FROM INSPECTION
FEES
January ___________________________$ 112.50
February _________________L ________ 112.00
March ____________________________ 144.50
April ____________________________ 120.00
May _____________________________ 147.50
June _____________________________ 124.00
July ______________________________ 112.75
August ____________________________ 114.25
September _________________________ 169.75
October ___________________________ 127.75
November ___________________-______ 137.50
December _________________________ 88.00
Total _________________________$1,510.50
EXPENSES FOR THE YEAR
Gasoline and Oils used__________________$ 17.48
Repairs, replacements, and parts for motorcycle..___ 76.40
Printing and Stationery._________________ 17.00
Uniforms ________________________... 29.95
Salary ___________________________ 1,500.00
$1,640.83
FIRES CAUSED BY ELECTRIC WIRING
1 Caused by grounded wire on roof.
1 Caused by cross of high tension on cut-in.
2 Caused by lightning.
1 Caused by leaking gas on a combination fixture by a short
circuit.
1 Caused by an electric iron, carelessness.
1 Caused by cloth being used around an electric globe to
darken room.
7 Total.
- MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 205
I have recommended that the city ordinance governing the
charge for electric inspections be amended, which is at this time
taken up by City Council.
ELECTRICAL FIRES AND HOW CAUSED
I beg to state that at this time with but few exceptions the
wiring in the City of Savannah is very good.
During the year we experienced a few electrical fires which
were caused from different things. One was caused by poor insulation at the combination fixture, which of course set fire to the
laths. I am endeavoring to overcome fires of this nature by requiring the electricians doing work in the city to either replace the
plaster at the outlets on finished walls, or install a steel plate or
outlet box, which will make them practically fireproof, and.will
eliminate fires of this nature. We had a fire caused from a cut-in
wire being grounded against a metal cornice of a roof. ,1 will say
right here that I am requiring the removal of remodeling of all
dead cut-ins. I have taken this same stand regarding open and
exposed work in buildings within the conduit district, either on the
inside or outside, by not allowing such work to be done. This I
think will remove a good many fire risks, that would otherwise
show up. As a rule, when this department responds to a call
which turns out to be an electrical fire, it develops that it is caused
by leaking gas, and in a few cases high tension. It is a very
difficult matter to start an electrical fire in a building where gas
is not installed, as for instance in case of lightning striking the
wires; most buildings are so wired as to take care of high tension
current, it being taken direct to the ground at the entrance. Even
if it's a combination fixture, and there is a slight discharge of the
gas, it will result in little damage unless there's gas enough discharging to ignite. Along this line will say that I am recommending to all electrical contractors, and asking their assistance in trying to separate the gas from the electrical fixtures. In this way
I feel sure that if it is carried out from year to year, electrical
fires will be eliminated. During the year several fireproof buildings have been wired, consequently the fire district is in better
206 MAYOR'S AN'XUAL REPORT
shape than ever before. I would also say that electrical equipment is increasing each month.
Thanking you and the entire department for your valued
assistance during the year, also the electrical contractors of the
city at large, for their support in assisting me to improve the electrical wiring of the city. I wish to also thank them for their
promptness in correcting defects, and I respectfully ask their continued assistance and support during the coming year.
Yours very truly,
J. C. McDOWELL, Electrical Inspector.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 207
REPORT OF FIRE ALARM SERVICE, YEAR 1915
T. P. SANDIFORD, Superintendent Fire Alarm and Telegraph
SAVANNAH, GA.., December 31, 1915.
MR. JOHN H. MONROE, Chief Engineer,
Savannah Fire Department,
Savannah, Ga.
DEAR SIR:
I beg to make the following report of the Fire Alarm Service
for the year ending December 31, 1915, together with an inventory of the Fire Alarm System, a resume of the year's work, and
my recommendations for the year 1916.
INVENTORY
, City Hall equipment___________________$4,000.00
Engine House equipment________________ 3,500.00
Outside Gongs and Indicators____________ 300.00
Two Tower Bells and equipment____________ 4,000.00
106 boxes (fire alarm)__________________ 14,250.00
Overhead wire and fittings________________ 2,500.00
Cables, conduit, manholes, and posts____________ 7,500.00
Extra material and equipment________________ 200.00
Total _______________________$36,250.03
FIRE ALARMS RECEIVED DURING THE YEAR
Fire alarms from street boxes________________ 113
Fire alarms pulled at 12 M. (test boxes)__________ 292
False alarms from street boxes________________ 20
Total ____________________________ 325
208 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
The condition of the Fire Alarm and Telegraph System as a
whole has been greatly improved during the past year; cables and
overhead wires having been worked on at every available opportunity. The storage battery system that operates the alarm circuits and instruments were all fitted with new battery plates.
Fire Alarm Box 74, located on the old Gordon Wharf, has
been moved to Augusta avenue and DeLyon street, and its number
changed to Box 522.
Fire Alarm Box 54, located at Bay and Mill streets, has been
moved to Waters avenue and Thirty-third street, and its number
changed to 217.
Fire Alarm Box 91, located at River and West Broad streets,
has been moved to Bay and West Broad streets, and its number
changed to 54.
Fire Alarm Box 512, located at Bay and West Boundary
streets, has been moved to Gwinnett street and Stiles avenue.
HURRICANES AND SNOW STORMS
There were no hurricanes or snow storms during the year to
cripple the service., but several severe lightning and wind storms
prevailed. The damage done by these, however, was practically
in each instance repaired the same day it occurred, and did not
result in the loss of any equipment.
DATES THE SYSTEM WAS INTERRUPTED
FEBRUARY 11, 1915. Some one removed the fuses from cutout box at Jones lane and Lincoln street, opening number seven
(7) circuit until trouble could be located and remedied. This
again occurred on March 7, 1915.
MARCH 19, 1915. Lineman from the .Savannah Electric
Company, while working at Louisville Road and Dooley avenue,
made several faulty connections on our wires, which resulted in
irregular taps coming in for about an hour or more.
JULY 3, 1915. Fire Alarm Box 64 was pulled for a fire and
it failed to operate, due to another box being pulled for a fire at
the same time.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 209
AUGUST 31 1915. Fire Alarm Box 52, was pulled for a fire
and failed to operate, due to the box having been damaged by a
lightning storm some three days previous. Through this day and
the first part of the following month (September) taps would
come in at irregular intervals from number two (2) circuit. These
taps were no doubt being sent in by some one in a position to do
so, and then not be easily caught, as was demonstrated by the fact
that they ceased immediately when I began investigations at the
suspected locations. In addition to the usual amount of minor
troubles and features that develop on tests, beg to state that from
September 9 to 20, 1915, interruptions to the service was occasioned several times for short periods by repair men of the Southem Bell Telephone Company, working on the Seaboard Air Line
Cable, through which Box 324 is connected.
NOVEMBER 8, 1915. Fire Alarm Box 19 was pulled for a fire
and failed to operate, due to the hard rubber button on the plunger
rod of the non-interference attachment having been burned on
one side at some previous time, and not detected before it had
caused the failure.
NOVEMBER II, 1915. Fire Alarm Box 522 was pulled for a
fire and failed to operate, which was due to the party closing the
door immediately after pulling the hook down.
NOVEMBER 28, 1915. Fire Alarm Box No. 6 was pulled and
failed to operate, due to the fact that it was pulled while another
box was being pulled.
CHANGE OF SIGNALS
Signals have been changed in such a manner that two taps
are now sent in when a fire is under control, and again two taps
when the apparatus has returned to its quarters. One tap at
twelve (12) o'clock noon, in place of two taps as heretofore.
On October 12, 1915, the tower bells were tolled for the
funeral of Mayor Richard J. Davant.
On three (3) occasions the department responded to alarms
that were occasioned by irregular taps, due to faulty connections
in cables where repairs were being made.
210 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
In my former reports I have called attention to the needs
of the outlying districts where additional boxes should be placed.
I am here pleased to report that our requirements for the next
three (3) years has been provided for as far as new boxes are
concerned, and that the first shipment is expected to arrive in the
near future, at which time the work of installation will be inaugurated.
RECOMMENDATIONS
I would recommend that a tape register with a time stamp
be provided for headquarters, to get and prepare more accurate
data on each alarm and interruption of service. This if tried out
would be found to be practically indispensable.
I also recommend the purchase of three (3) six-inch gongs,
one to be placed at the Chief of the Fire Inspector's residence,
one for the City Hall, and one for the second floor of Fire Headquarters.
The work of my assistant, Mr. E. H. Todd, during the past
year has been of great help, and I desire to commend him for his
faithful and intelligent service, without which my showing at this
time would be much less creditable. During the coming year, if
he remains in this department, I hope to make many changes and
additions that will further improve the service.
In conclusion I would respectfully refer you to all previous
recommendations, not contained in this report, some of which are
more needed at this time than when first mentioned, but as they
are on record in previous reports, are omitted here.
Yours rspectfully,
T. P. SANDIFORD,
Superintendent Fire Alarm and Telegraph.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 211
REPORT OF J. C. TYSON, CHIEF FIRE INSPECTOR,
YEAR 1915
SAVANNAH, GA., December 31, 1915.
MR. JOHN H. MONROE, Chief Engineer,
Savannah Fire Department,
Savannah, Ga.
DEAR SIR:
I have the honor to submit herewith my annual report for the
year 1915, which covers in detail the duties performed by the Inspectors, together with the number of inspections made and defects found and corrected.
During the year there were 57,393 inspections made by this
department, as shown elsewhere in this report.
The majority of the defects found were caused by inflammable material in the buildings and yards, defective stovepipes,
and defective fireplaces and flues.
I invite your attention to my last year's report relative to the
construction of new buildings, with regards to fireplaces and flues,
as well as the careless manner in the installing of stovepipes.
A marked decrease in fire losses during the year is shown
elsewhere in this report as compared with previous years.
Your Chief Inspector has for a second time made an earnest
effort to ascertain the actual values of properties and the losses
thereon, as well as the insurance carried and their losses. I have
been aided in this very materially by the local insurance agents
and the building inspector, and I wish to extend my thanks to
them for their kindness.
*
The value of property involved that the fire department was
called to within the city limits amounted to $8,502,067.50, and
loss $122,746.02, or 1.44 per cent., as compared with 3.6 per cent,
loss during the previous year.
In my last year's report I referred to the necessity of an ordinance covering theatres and moving picture houses, relative to
212 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
entrances, exits and standing room, and I urged that some definite action be taken thereon.
I am indeed glad to welcome the auto supply wagon and suggest that the Inspectors be instructed how to operate it.
The Inspectors in this department have been zealous in the
performance of the various duties assigned them, and are accomplishing a great deal of good in the prevention of fire hazards.
The office space assigned this department is entirely too
small and I urge that better and more adequate accommodations
be furnished as soon as possible.
The Chief Inspector is badly handicapped in the performance of his various duties by not having a vehicle of some kind at
his disposal.
As we have had an unusual number of grass fires during the
latter part of the year, I suggest that the property owners be required to have all grass and weeds cut during the fall of the year,
thus obviating the dangers that arise from this cause.
A very large percentage of our fires are due to carelessness
caused by the public being uninformed as to the. dangers of fire
which menace life and property. It is almost impossible to believe that, with the high standard of intelligence of our citizens,
this carelessness, these avoidable fires, would continue if our
people were made to realize understandtngly what the hazards
and dangers are, how they can be avoided and what the cost of
life and property will continue to be if these dangers are not eliminated. The public should be taught not only the lesson of fire
prevention, but the personal responsibility of each individual in
this great question. The problem of teaching the public is a great
one; it requires an extensive, intelligent and complete campaign
that will reach everyone, but who_can reach the public best is the
question?
The work might best be started in the public schools. The
school authorities should be induced to incorporate in their instructions the subject of fire prevention. The daily papers should
also, at stated intervals, publish certain "dont's" with a view of
instructing the people.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 213
If we are to be an up-to-date and progressive city, we should
look to the better conditions of overhead wires, particularly in the
business section, and endeavor to work out some plan looking to
the doing away with the overhead construction entirely, and placinging all wires underground; to accomplish this would require
the co-operation of all city departments to work in harmony with
the Public Utility Companies in the accomplishment of such a
plan. The advantages to the city from such a change would be
to remove a lot of unsightly poles and wires, thereby making our
city, more beautiful and diminishing the hazards from the standpoint of fire and the protection of life and property to a great
extent.
RECOMMENDATIONS
I recommend that at least one more Inspector be appointed.
The salaries of Inspectors who have served this department for
two or more years be increased to $100.00 per month, and those
who have served one year or more be increased to $95.00.
I further recommend that the Chief Inspector be furnished
with a vehicle to better perform his duties.
In conclusion I desire to express my thanks to the Inspectors
who have labored with me, for their loyalty and cheerfulness in
responding to all calls both day and night. I also wish to thank
the officers and members of the Police Department for the assistance rendered the Inspectors. To the managers, operators,
and employees of theatres and moving picture houses, I wish to
express my appreciation for their cordial co-operation.
Permit me to express to you my thanks for the many kindnesses shown us during the year, to First Assistant Chief Toshach,
and Second Assistant Chief Thos. J. Fogerty, and Secretary Volney B. Jones, I extend my thanks for the courtesies shown.
Respectfully submitted,
JAMES C. TYSON, Chief Fire Inspector.
REPORT OF FIRES FOR Till. YEAR 1915
SHOWING ACTUAL VALUES AND LOSSES SUSTAINED TOGETHER WITH INSURANCE CARRIED AND AMOUNTS SAVED
Months
1
January _ _
February _
March __
April
May ___ .
Tune ._..
July ______
August _ _
September
October _,
November _
fecember _
Value ofBuildings
$ 882,025.00
040,487.00
311,475.00
..".6,200.00
858,882.50
182,600.00
146,600.00
173,650.00
317,350.00
409,4^5.00
C55.420.00
028,885.00
$4,061,899.50
1
Value ofContents
? 718,000.00
650,450.00
184,790.00
134,915.00
28D.630.00
145,250,00
67,450.00
290,725.00
261,350.00
123,070.00
236,263.00
438,275.00
$!!,540,168.0Q
j3
3f
3
g
Si,fioo,925,oo
1,290,937,00
496,265.00
301,115.00
646,512.50
327,850.00
214,050.00
464,375.00
578,700.00
532,495.00
S91.683.00
1,067,160.00
$8,502,067.50
Loss onBuildings
$ 706.50
3,122,39
1,165,90
2,115.28
595,50
2,248.00
804,17
720.75
60.50
833.00
8,986.57
' 7,985.80
$ 29,344.36
1 Loss on
Contents

$ 6,274.00
2,534.00
908.2S
5,266.62
503.00
478,00
692.75
724.84
847.20
1,753.00
8,294.50
65,125,50
$ 93,401,68

M
3
1
? 6,980.60
5,656.39
2,074.15
7,381.90
1,098.50
2,726,00
1,496,92
1,445.5!)
907,70
2.-586.00
17,281.07
73,111.30
$ 122,746.02
1
Insurance o
Buildings
$ 652,275,00
546,200.00
190,500.00
111,700,00
331,200.00
96,000.00
86,767.00
94,300.00
159,250.00
277,500.00
3ft2.100.00
350,100,00
$3,197,893.00
I
Insurance o
Contents
$ 622,150.00
584,600.00
145,780.00
105,850.00
262,350.00
94,200.00
28,200.00
268,200.00
- 163,800.00
48,800.00
91,700.00
278,850.00
$2,684,480.00
Total Insurance
hi, 274,425.00
1,130,800.00
336,280.00
.17,550.00
593,550.00
190,200.00
114,967.00
,162,500,00
313,050.00
326,300.00
393,800.00
628,950,00
$5,882,372.00
Saved onBuildings
f 882,218.50
637,364.61
310,309.10
253,764.72
356,287.00
180,357.00
145.795.8S
172,929.25
317,289.50
408,592.00
646,433.43
620,899.20
$4,932,240.14
Saved onContents
$ 711,726.00
647,916.00
183,881.75
129,968.38
289,127.00
144,757.00
66,757.25
290,000.16
260,502.80
121,317.00
Total Saved
$1,593,944.50
1,285,280.61
494,190.85
383,733.10
645,414.00
325,114.00
212,553.08
462,929.41
577,792.30
529,909.00
227,968.50. 874,401.93
372.149.BO 993,048.78
$3,446,071.34 $8,378,311.48
Percentage of Total liosn 1.4 per cent. Percentage of Insurance Loss 1.9 per cent.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 215
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FIKE INSPECTOR'S REPORT 1915
Months
January _ ____
February ___ __ _
March _____ _.^__ _
April _
May ______ __ ____
June _____
July
August _ __ _ _ __
September __ _____
October ____ _ _
November ____ __
December __________
Third K.Oon
Inspection
59
263
352
51
79
344
163
215
197
371
Fourth O.K. on
Fifth and Inspection
47
41
17
169
45
75
39
174
Broken "Window Ordered Glass
Repaired
1
2
1
4
2
3
Places with Gasoline on
Hand
73
30
4
25
5
3
3
8
41
19
27
Metal Ordered
Under Aroundor
Stoves
72
67
20
18
54
109
37
16
33
44
27
42
Gasoline Tanks
Underground
1
1
3
4
1
1
c
o
I*- O'E
s HE&
298
503
705
456
464
569
119
109
282
160
201
193
' Out Parties on
Second Visit
60
204
562
303
214
208
379
188
278
294
171
186
Doors andWin Buildings dows in
Obstructed i
2
4
3
6
5
13
19
25
Duties Special
Such Answer- as
Ing Alarms, Etc.
101
87
179
61
70
91
103
141
192
201
216
290
2

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292
255
180
164
383
239
161
255
364
87
418
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MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 217
REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF
MACHINERY FOR YEAR 1915
SAVANNAH, GA., December 31, 1915.
MR. JOHN H. MONROE, Chief Engineer,
Savannah Fire Department,
Savannah, Ga.
DEAR SIR:
I have the honor to submit to you herewith my report of the
operations in my department for the year 1915:
At the close of the year I find the different fire apparatuses
of the department, with but few exceptions, in excellent working
order.
In addition to. my daily and weekly inspections of the machines in this department, I have attended all night and day
alarms, with the exception of that time when I was unfortunately
laid up sick. During the year I have turned out from the shop
four hundred and ten (410) different jobs, which consumed altogether something like 2,500 hours. This besides the many calls,
both day and night, for minor repairs and adjustments.
In my last year's report I recommended the purchase of a
large lathe and shaper, which is needed as bad or worse than
it was last year. It's something that a department as large as
this one should under no condition be without.
With the valued assistance of my assistant, Mr. S. W. Peck,
and the help of Private Bell, of Engine Co. No. 7, I have been
able to keep the department up to the standard, so far as repairs
and replacements are concerned.
Yours very truly,
WALTER L. ZEALEY,
Superintendent of Machinery.
213 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
REPORT OF THE BOARD OF ELECTRICAL
EXAMINER FOR THE YEAR 1915
SAVANNAH, GA., December 31, 1915.
MR. JOHN H. MONROE, Chief Engineer,
Savannah Fire Department,
Savannah, Ga.
DEAR SIR:
We respectfully submit herewith a report of the examinations held by this Board from January 1, 1915, to December 31,
1915, and our recommendations for the year 1916:
EXAMINATIONS HELD
Applicants passed on first examination____..________ 2
Applicants passed on second examination._-_________ I
Applicants failing on first examination_i_____ 2
Total number examinations_______________ 5
CERTIFICATES ISSUED
Number of certificates issued___________________ 3
Number failing to receive certificates.__________ 1
Total number applicants_________________ 4
A RESUME OF THE WORK DONE BY THE BOARD
The duties of the Board as prescribed by the city ordinance
is the examining of anyone desiring to engage in the electrical
wiring, construction and repair business in the City of Savannah.
Our work has been, however, largely instructive and educative to
the end that applicants failing to pass have been in" nearly every
instance given individual instruction by members of the Board,
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 219
preparing them for the next examination. This was found necessary to pass experienced electricians who were deficient in either
technical knowledge or mathematical training, both of which are
essential to superintendents and foremen. No regular meetings
of the Board have been held. Applicants desiring to stand examinations, have been required to give notice Kirough the Electrical Inspector. Meetings are held whenever found convenient.
We respectfully recommend that compensation to the journeyman electrician serving on the board be provided for, as his
duties require his attendance on the Board at any and all times
when examinations are desired wh'ich often consume the greater
part of an afternoon or evening and interfering with his regular
employment or business.
We also recommend that the ordinance be amended giving
the Board authority to charge applicants a fee for each examination held. This will provide a fund to cover expenses of the
Board, including compensation for the journeyman member.
In conclusion permit us to say that we have endeavored to
raise the standard of electrical wiring, construction and repairs in
the City of Savannah, by certificates of satisfactory examinations, only when applicants have shown that they were thoroughly
qualified to do or direct work of this character, and as stated
above, when deficient in any particular the applicant has been
given instructions and advice by members of the Board. We feel
that we have been successful in improving local electrical conditions as we have on several occasions been given testimony to
this effect, by applicants who failed on their first examination
and who were enabled to pass very creditably after further preparation.
Yours very truly,
J. E. JORDAN, Chairman.
1. P. SANDIFORD.
J. C. McDOWELL.
220 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
REPORT OF MOVING PICTURE OPERATORS EXAMINING BOARD FOR YEAR 1915
SAVANNAH, GA., December 31, 1915.
MR. JOHN H. MONROE, Chief Engineer,
Savannah Fire Department,
Savannah, Ga.
DEAR SIR:
We beg to submit to you our second annual report for the
work done during the year 1915:
NUMBER EXAMINATIONS HELD
First-class operators passed on first examination________ 3
First-class operators passed on second examination______ 2
Second-class operators passed on first examination______ 2
Total number examinations held____________ 7
SPECIAL EXAMINATIONS HELD FOR TRAVELING
OPERATORS
Passed ________________________________ 6
Failed _______________________________ 1
Total
We respectfully refer you to our recommendations of 1914
and most earnestly request that some action be taken thereon.
In conclusion will say that we find -that the work of this
Board is a great help to the department. It increases the safety
of the public who visit moving picture houses, in having a competent operator in charge of the booth.
Respectfully submitted,
J. C. McDOWELL, Chairman.
J. C. TYSON.
I. I. REBESKE.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 221
REPORT OF CITY PHYSICIAN AS TO NUMBER OF
CALLS MADE DURING THE YEAR 1915
SAVANNAH, GA., December 31, 1915.
MR. JOHN H. MONROE, Chief Engineer,
Savannah Fire Department,
Savannah, Ga.
DEAR SIR:
I beg to state that during the year 19151 have made a total
of 291 calls to firemen in your department.
I wish to state, however, that the number of serious cases
have been few. The majority of the calls were made to firemen
who were either suffering from colds or la grippe.
Yours very tn ly,
LLOYD B. TAYLOR, City Physician.
222 MAYOR'S AN'XUAL REPORT
ALARMS
MANNER OF RECEIPT
MONTH BOX ALARMS TELEPHONES LOCAL FALSE TOTAL
January__ 13 17 3 1 33
February 16 23 5 5 44
March __ 19 33 3 7 55
April ___ 10 16 2 2 28
May ____ 8 19 2 6 29
June ___ 5 17 1 2 23
July____ 6 11 2 _ 19
August _ 7 14 1 2 22
September. 8 11 1 1 20
October_ 6 17 1 _ 24
November- 20 32 4 4 56
December 15 74 9 6 98
133 284 34 36 451
FALSE ALARMS RECEIVED DURING THE YEAR
Boxes ________________________________ 20
Telephones _____________________________ 16
Total ____________________________ 36
DAYS OF WEEK ON WHICH ALARMS RECEIVED
Sunday ______________________________ 54
Monday _________________________ 73
Tuesday ______________________________ 72
Wednesday ________________________ 61
Thursday _____________________________ 64
Friday __________________________i___ 60
Saturday ______________________________ 67
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 223
NUMBER OF RUNS MADE BY COMPANIES
Engine Co. No. 1________________________ 50
Engine Co. No. 2_________________________ 87
Engine Co. No. 3_______________________ 79
Engine Co. No. 4_________________________ 122
Engine Co. No. 5________________________ 107
Engine Co. No. 6________________________ 88
. Engine Co. No. 7________________________ 61
Truck Co. No. 1_________________________ 33
Truck Co. No. 2_________________________ 16
Truck Co. No. 3_________________________ 87
Truck Co. No. 4_________________________ 43
Truck Co. No. 5_________________________ 42
Chemical Co. No. 1_______________________ 149
Chief's car ___________________________ 97
Assistant Chief's car_______________________ 209
i
NUMBER FEET OF HOSE LAID BY COMPANIES
Engine Co. No. 1_____________________ 17,250
Engine Co. No. 2_____________________ 19,550
Engine Co. No. 3______________________ 22,900
Engine Co. No. 4_____________________ 14,300
Engine Co. No. 5_____________________ 16,950
Engine Co. No. 6_____________________: 12,000
Engine Co. No. 7_____________________ 9,650
Totals ________________________ 112,600
NUMBER GALLONS CHEMICALS DISCHARGED
Engine Co. No. 1_____________________ .516
Engine Co. No. 2_____________________ 750
Engine Co. No. 3_____________________ 507
Engine Co. No. 4______________________ 859
Engine Co. No. 5______________________ 606
Engine Co. No. 6_____________________ 408
224 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
Engine Co. No. 7_____________________ 68
Chemical Co. No. 1____________________ 3,853
Total ________________^________ 7,567
NUMBER FEET LADDERS RAISED BY COMPANIES
Engine Co. No. 1_________________________ 56
Engine Co. No. 2_________________________ 168-
Engine Co. No. 3________________________ 90
Engine Co. No. 4_________________________ 104
Engine Co. No. 5_________________________ 160
Engine Co. No. 6________________________ _
Engine Co. No. 7________________________ __
Truck Co. No. 1_________________________ 399
Truck Co. No. 2_________________________ 25
Truck Co. No. 3_________________________ 219
Truck Co. No. 4_________________________ 6i>
Truck Co. No. 5______1__________________ 156
Chemical Co. No. 1_______________________ 230
Totals ___________________________1,675
NUMBER OF MILES TRAVELED BY COMPANIES
Engine Co. No. 1_____________________ 62%
Engine Co. No. 2______________________ 127%
Engine Co. No. 3______________________ 149%
Engine Co. No. 4______________________ 158%
Engine Co. No. 5_____________________ 153
Engine Co. No. 6_____________________ 1121/4
Engine Co. No. 7_____________________ 108%
Chemical Co. No. 1____________________ 257
Truck Co. No. 1______________________ 31%
Truck Co. No. 2_______________________ 13%
Truck Co. No. 3_____________________ 8414
Truck Co. No. 4____________________1__ 53%
Truck Co. No. 5________________._____ 45%
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 225
Chief's car___'______________________ 200
Assistant Chief's car_________________ 489%
Total _________________________ 2,045
ORIGIN OF FIRES
HEATING
Dwellings ___________________ 147
Businesses _________________________ 18
Others ____________________________________________
Total __________________________ 165
ILLUMINATING
Dwellings _____________________________ 12
Businesses ___________________________ 3
Others __,________________________________________
Total _________________________ 15
MISCELLANEOUS
Dwellings _____^_______^L_:.___________ 87
Businesses ___________________________ 76
Others ______________________________ 72
False _______________________________ 36
Total ___________________________ 271
Grand Totals ___~_________..______ 451
CAUSE OF FIRE ALARMS
Smoke issuing_________________________ 365
Explosions ___________________________ 19
Foul chimneys ________________________ 31
False __________________._____________ 36
Out of city (not included) ___________________ 18
Tojal _____________ ____________ 451
226 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
CAUSE OF FIRES
Mischievous children ___________________ 36
Electric wires, etc.________________ 8
Overheated stoves and furnaces_______________ 11
Defective construction ________________-_ 3
Defective fireplaces ______________________ 14
Defective flues ________________________ 50
Flying sparks __________________________ 22
Foul chimneys __________________________ 31
Explosions _____________________________ 19
Carelessness _________________________ 81
Incendiary ________________________ 5
Unknown ____________________________ 122
Others ____________________________ 3
False ____________________________ 36
Total _________________________ 451
. HOW FIRES WERE EXTINGUISHED
Out when department arrived__________________ 127
Brooms ______ __________________ _____ 27
Sand _______________________ ,_____ 3
Buckets water _______________________ 39
Pyrene ______________________________ 4
Chemicals _____________________.____ 145
Hydrant streams ___________________________ 40
Engine steamers __________________________ 30
False alarms _________________________ 36
Total ___________________.._--_-_.___ 451
FIBE STATISTICS, YEAR 1915
Month
January _ ______
February ______ _ _ __
March _ _____ _ ____
April ___ ___ ________
May ______ . __ ____
June
July ________________________
August _______ _______
September _ _ __ __ _ __
October _ __ _ ____ _____ _
_
November ____ __
_
December ______ _ _ _
_

Fire Originated in
Brick, Iron
Stone, Cement
Buildings
11
4
8
4
6
4
7
4
5
6
6 9
74
Buildings "Wood
16
31
34
18
13
14
10
14
13
15
36
55
269
Other Buildings
5
4
6
4
4
3
2
2
1
3
10
28
72
I
1
5
7
2
6 2
2 1
4 6
36
Confined to
Point
29
30
46
19
23
19
15
17
17
18
35
79
347
Confined to
Floor
3 35
2
1
1
4
4 4
27
Confined to
Building
4
1 2
2
2 2
2
11 3
29
Extended to
Adjoining Property
2 11
2 6
12
Conflagrations
$
3 h
1
5
7
2
6 2
2 1
4 6
36
3e
33
44
55
28
29
23
19
22
20
24
56
98
451
Out ofCity
1
3
2 1
2
1 1
1
3 3
18
g >
KJO
W *0 O
FIRES OUTSIDE THE CORPORATE LIMITS 1915
Date Time
Jan. 1 _. 2.45 PM
Jan. 21 1.40 AM
Feb. 20 .. 11.08 AM
Feb. 23 9.40 AM
Mar, 17 .. 6.20 PM
Mar. 20 5.35 PM
April 28 . 7.BOPM
June 28 ,._ 4,45 PM
June 28 5.45 PM
July 14 12.45PM
Aug. 12 .. 10.26 PM
Sept. 27 _ 10.52 PM
Oct. 6 3,40AM
Oct 17 _. 11.26 AM
Oct. 29 _. 1.30 PM
Location
Thunderbolt Road
Blyod Heights
Pooler, Ga.
West of Stllea avenue
Figg Island
Louisville Road
Waters Road
Ogeechee Road
Ogeechee Road
Thunderbolt, Ga. Thunderbolt Road Fair street, near Augusta Road Twickenham Terrace West Stiles avenue
McCarthy avenue, west of Stiles avenue
Owner
Savannah Athletic
Ass'n
J. B. Gotchell
C. Patterson
C. W, Weeks llyals Estate
J. Rourke Co.
Georgia-Carolina Lumber Co
Frank Smith
J. C, Farr
J. C. Farr
Mrs. E. Tllton
W. A. Wlngate
S. Williams and others
(colored)
M. B. Cavanaugh
nyals Estate
G. S. McCarthy
Occupancy
Bnll Park
Dwelling and Store
Dwellings
Dwellings
Dairy and Dwelling
Schooner loaded with
cross-ties
Saw Mill
Road House
Dwelling
Dwelling
Dwelling
Road House
3 1-story Dwellings
Dwelling
Dairy and Dwelling
Row 1-story Dwelling!
Value
Property
$ 10,000.00
4,550.00
t
5.300.00
325,000.00
6,500.00
2,000.00
1,995.00
4,200.00
1,450.00
3,900.00
3,600.00
3,000.00
1,100.00
Loss on
Property
f 5.00
2,500.00
4,800.00
14,000.00
60.00
5.00
1,995.00
2,400.00
1,325.00
2,427.50
1,900.00
28.00
18.00
Remarks
Grass ami fences burning; other properties protected
Prevented total destruction of this,
and protected surrounding properties
Protected surrounding properties
This building destroyed, but surrounding was saved One man sent with four (4) extinguishers to put out fire
This place four (4) miles beyond corporate limits, and hard work on the
part of this department saved the
plant
One mile beyond corporate limits; prevented destruction entire property
This place three (3) miles beyond city
limits (Incendiary); prevented loss
of property
fncendlary; total loss; saved adjoining properties
Protected all adjoining properties
Saved surrounding property
Protected all surrounding property
Protected other adjoining properties
Protected all adjoining property and
saved dairy and dwelling
Protected this and adjoining property
FIRES OUTSIDE THE CORPOBATE LIMITS-Continued
Date Time
Nov. I _- 4.12AM
Nov. 12 3.10 AM
Nov. 23 '_ 10.55 AM
Dec. 3 4.25 PM
Dec. 4 __ 8.35AM
Dec. 4 _- 4.10PM
Dec. 4 9.56 PM
Dec. 7 _- 10.56AM
Dec. 8 . 3.55PM
Dec. 9 1.20PM
Dec. 9 2.34 PM
Dec. 9 __ 5.0? PM
Dec. 9 5.42PM
Dec. 12 5.50 PM
Dec. 14 4.49 PM
Dec. 27 3.57 PM
Dec. 23 _. 12.12 AM
Location
West Stiles avenue
Jasper Springs, Augusta Road
Washington street, Dale
avenue Gfith street and Middleground Road
Waters Road Lathrop avenue
Montgomery, Ga.
Vernon View, Ga.
Thunderbolt Road
Waters Road and Elec tric Road crossing
Thunderbolt, Ga.
Blyod Heights
Avondale, Thunderbolt
Road ."ifith and Bull streets McCarthy avenue, near
.Stiles avenue
Thunderbolt Road
57th & Jefferson streets
Owner
Ryals Estate
C. Graham
J. P. Smtrsky
Mrs. Shakles
T. Carter
S. C. 0. Co. Miss E. Hatch
W. N. Pratt
R. Semkens Savannah Ath. Ass'n Savannah Electric Co.
S. Byrd
M. J. O'Leary
W. W. Gordon Kstate
W. Howard
P. WIggins
Savannah Ath. Ass'n
J. McKenz;e
A. Robinson
Occupancy
Dairy and Dwelling
Road House

Dwelling
Stables
Dwelling
Works
Dwelling
Dwellings
Dwellings
Ball Park
Lot Cross-ties
Dwelling
Vacant Lot
Vacant Lot
Dwelling
Dwelling
Ball Park
Dwellings
Value
Property
3,000.00
11,000.00
1,000.00
220.00
235.00
3,000,000.00
5,750.00
17,500.00
10,000.00
1,700.00
6,000.00
750.00
2,250.00
10,000.00
1,000.00
$2,500,000.00
Loss on
Property
1,300.00
11,000.00
625.00
220.09
25.00
75.00
368.00
9,036.76
1,700.00
122.10
5.00
450.00
(60,128.86
Remarks
Prevented Its entire destruction
(Incendiary); water supply too far
away to reach this fire with apparatus available; department at two
other fires at this same time
Adjoining property saved
Adjoining property saved
Adjoining property saved
Saved property from destruction
Saved property from destruction
Prevented total destruction
Grass fire; property saved
No water in vicinity to use
Prevented entire destruction
Grass fires; protected all adjoining
property
Grass (Ires; protected all adjoining
property
Property saved from destruction
Property saved from destruction
Grass and fences burning, but property saved
Prevented destruction of property
32 nails.
FALSE ALARMS 1915
Date
January 17 _____ _ _ __________________
February 1 ______ _ __ ___ _____
February 21 ___ ___ _ __ ______ _ _
February 27 _ _ __ __ _ ___ ____ ___
February 27____ _ _ __
March 3 _ ________ _________ __
March 3 _ _ __ _ __ __ __ _________
March 11 ___ __ ___ _ _ . ___ __
March 22 _ _ __ _____ __ ____ ___
March 23 ___ ________ ___________
March 24 ____ __ __ ___ __ ________
March 28 __ __ ____ ________________
April 9 ____ __ __ __ ___ _ _ __
April 27 ___ _ _ ____ ______ __
May 6 ___ _ ______ _ _____ _
May 10 ______ __ _ _____ ______
4)
P
8.20 PM
9.10PM
7.05 PM
11.48AM
11.56AM
4.20 PM
11.48PM
8.24 PM
5.47 PM
3.33 PM
7.53 PM
7.13PM
9.34 PM
8.50 PM
6.50 PM
6.06 PM
K
om
26
523
49
64
131
523
216
29
34
Telephone
1
3 1H
1
4
7
2
Remarks
39th and Burroughs
Wire trouble
Bay St. Extension
36th and Burroughs
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232 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
GENERAL REMARKS
I would respectfully suggest that something be done with
reference to the enforcement of the city ordinance regarding the
cutting of weeds within the city limits. This department has been
called to a number of grass and weed fires this winter, due to
the owners of the property not cutting the same at the proper
time. It is an added expense to this department to be called out
on fires of this nature and it could be obviated altogether if they
were cut at the proper time of year.
The only rolling stock added to the department during the
year was one automobile, which was purchased during the latter
part of the year, and which is being used by myself. The car
previously used by me has been turned over to First Assistant
Chief Toshach, while the one used by him is being thoroughly
overhauled to be kept in reserve.
During the year the department had three (3) fires which it
was necessary to call for assistance, as follows:
On March 18, 1915, at 3.26 a. m., Fire Alarm Box 26, the
Helfisch Candy Factory, 321-323 East Broad street. This factory was in the midst of a district of wooden houses, and a very
bad place indeed. The immediate property was valued at about
$5,500.00, and the loss sustained amounted to $1,330.00.
On November 29, 1915, 2.10 a. m., the department responded to an alarm from Box 57, which turned out to be George
Montgomery's stables. The property involved amounted to about
$10,000.00, and the loss sustained was about $4,700.00. This
building was surrounded by small negro tenement houses. I
might say also that the entire roof of the building had collapsed
and fell in prior to the department reaching the scene. Much of
the work done at this fire was the saving of the adjoining
property.
On December 16, 1915, at 6.45 a. m., the department responded to a cotton fire at Pearce and Battey's warehouse, on
Bay Street Extension, just west of Wadley street. The property
involved amounted to $195,000.00, while the loss sustained
amounted to $66,000.00.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 233
In this connection I want to say that the fire loss this year,
which is 1.4 per cent., is the lowest in the history of the Savannah Fire Department. The entire losses for the year 1915 were
$122,746.02, divided as follows: Buildings, $29,344.36; contents, $93,401.66. During the year this department responded
to fire alarms involving $8,502,067.50, within the city limits.
While this is true, the department responded to fire alarms outside the city limits, properties valued at $2,500,020.00.
Referring to the fire prevention plan advanced by Chief Fire
Inspector Tyson in his report, would state that the public generally should start a fire prevention campaign, and I know of no
better place to start such a campaign other than the public schools
and the local newspapers. With the co-operation of the newspapers, I believe that a lot of good could be accomplished along
this line.
The returns from the Chimney Sweeping Department, which
are shown elsewhere in this report amount to $846.40.
During the latter portion of the year the department lost the
chimney sweeper, Mr. T. A. Gunderson, who died under date of
December 9, 1915, of natural causes. The vacancy has not up
to the present time been filled.
I wish to state further in regard to the chimney sweeping
proposition that during the month of December, upon the instructions of the Mayor and the Fire Committee, this department
turned over to the City Treasurer, several hundred dollars worth
of uncollected chimney sweeping bills. '
During the year the American-La France Fire Engine Company, according to their original contract, placed on all of the
machines in this department large siren horns. I might state that
these large horns were unobtainable at the time they installed
the machines in this department.
In my last year's report I commented very strongly on the
motorizing of the big aerial truck at headquarters, also the two
steamers now held in reserve.
I think that by all means this truck should have a tractor
placed under it. The department has been extremely lucky this
year by not having any serious accidents to its horses, otherwise
234 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
it would have been necessary to have purchased at least two
more horses.
I would most respectfully suggest that Engine Company No.
5 pumper be made into a Combination Chemical and Pumper.
The approximate cost to turn this pumper into a Combination
Pumper and Chemical would only be about $350.00. This department already has in reserve two 85-gallon, and one 25-gallon
tanks, which could be placed on this pumper. This would be of
untold benefit to the southern section of the city. This section
of the city is badly in need of a chemical; by this arrangement
it could be made to answer practically all telephone calls with
the exception of those coming from the factory districts.
I wish to thank His Honor the Mayor, and the Honorable
Fire Committee for their kind expressions relative to giving this
department a new headquarters building. In my 1913, as well as
my last year's report I urged that something be done regarding
this building. The conditions that existed at that time exist today, only worse. It is to be regretted that the city's finances
would not allow of the building of new headquarters, and it is to
be hoped that the city fathers will see their way clear to give
the department this building next year.
A matter of vital interest to the parents, guardians and the
public at large is one referring to large gatherings of children on
the stages of the theaters, giving tableaux, entertainments, etc.
The lives ofthese children are placed in great jeopardy, in the
event of a fire occurring, by the fact that the costumes worn by
the children on such occasions are made of the very flimsiest
fabrics, many of them being made of paper; any of these might
easily catch fire by accident, or carelessness of others, with
matches, etc., while they are on the stage. To prevent jeopardizing the lives of these children, and perhaps to prevent a great
tragedy, I would suggest that it be made compulsory on the part
of the parents and guardians to see that all fancy dresses and
other clothing worn by the children at any of these entertainments given in the theaters, or other places of entertainment, be
treated by a solution that makes such dresses non-inflammable.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 235
This solution is made by dissolving one pound of ammonium
phosphate in one gallon of cold water. By soaking fabrics in
this solution for five minutes, then wringing them out and allowing them to dry, they become non-inflammable and remain so
until again washed out. This solution is perfectly harmless to
fabrics and will not harm the skin; it will keep indefinitely and
can be used several times before its strength is exhausted.
One of the greatest dangers to children crowded on stages
and other places of entertainments is caused by fright, panic,
and stampede, and no gathering of children in these places
should be allowed unless a proper detail of firemen and policemen are present to prevent any unnecessary excitement that
may cause fright and panic and endanger the lives of the
children.
I very much regret that by the death of our Mayor, Richard
J. Davant, the City of Savannah has been deprived of its executive head and this department one of its best friends. He departed this life under date of October 9, 1915. Previous to becoming Mayor of the city, he was chairman of the Fire Committee, and his friendship was shown on many occasions by his
keen interest in the personnel and individual members of this
department. His many acts of kindness were appreciated and
will never be forgotten.
RECOMMENDATIONS
Referring to the recommendations of Mr. T. P. Sandiford,
the City Electrician, regarding the purchase of a tape register
and a timing stamp for Fire Department Headquarters, also the
three (3) additional gongs, I would urge that these be purchased at once.
Following up the recommendation of Chief Fire Inspector
Tyson for the placing.of all overhead wires under ground in the
business section of the city, would recommend that this be done
in sections, and that the entire district be from Abercorn street
to West Broad street, and from River street to Liberty street.
That three (3) years be allowed for the making of this change.
236 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
I would most respectfully recommend that the Honorable
Fire Committee and His Honor the Mayor, take up with the local Insurance Association, regarding this department responding
to calls outside the corporate limits of the City of Savannah.
I feel that the City of Savannah should be reimbursed for such
services rendered, based on the amount of insurance carried on
the property involved. As is shown elsewhere in this report, the
total amount of property involved and liable to destruction by
fire outside the city limits was $2,500,000.00. I feel that the City
of Savannah should be reimbursed for these services on the
ground that while we are responding to an alarm outside the city
limits, the city is being deprived of the apparatus performing this
outside service. Most of the large cities over the country are
adopting the rule of not attending fires outside their city limits.
I want to again recommend to the City of Savannah the
purchase of a fire boat.
The late Mayor Davant, just prior to his death, had taken
this matter up with the large moneyed interests on the river
front, and I understand met with a great deal of encouragement.
I would most earnestly suggest that the matter be again taken up
and carried to a successful conclusion. My two previous reports
will both show the absolute importance of this suggestion.
I wish to again recommend that the members of this department be let off duty every sixth day instead of every eighth as
at present. An additional number of five men in the department
would enable me to keep up the full complement.
In my last year's report I recommended that the Board of
Public Safety be authorized by ordinance, to condemn and tear
down any building within the city limits, damaged or depreciated
more than fifty (50) per cent. I want to say that there are a
number of old unsightly buildings in the City of Savannah that
need to be torn down, and at present there is no ordinance authorizing the removal of these old buildings.
IN CONCLUSION
In conclusion, I desire to extend my thanks to His Honor
the Mayor, and to the Honorable City Council and the Commit-
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 237
tee on Fire, for their kind co-operation during the past year.
I want to extend my thanks to the various heads of the city
departments, and to the city officials in general, for the interest
manifested by them in my behalf.
To my valued assistants, A. John Toshach, Thomas J. Fogerty, and my secretary, Volney B. Jones, I wish to express sincere thanks for their assistance in the conduct of the department.
My secretary, Mr. Volney B. Jones, has been most invaluable to
me in taking care of the various details of the department, and
has been most diligent at all times, and has proved to me that he
has always had the very best interest of the city at heart.
Respectfully submitted,
JOHN H. MONROE, Chief Engineer.

ANNUAL REPORT
OF THE
CHIEF ENGINEER
OF THE
CITY OF SAVANNAH
FOR THE YEAR ENDING
DECEMBER 31
1915
E. R. GONANT
CHIEF ENGINEER

REPORT OF CHIEF ENGINEER
SAVANNAH, GA.,, February 21, 1916.
Hon. WALLACE J. PIERPONT,
Mayor, City of Savannah.
DEAR SIR:
I would respectfully submit the following report upon the
operation of the department under my charge for the fiscal year
ending December 31, 1915.
This is my third annual report, and 1 am enabled to furnish
cost data of work carried on during the year in a more accurate
and satisfactory manner than has been done heretofore. This
has been brought about by a more systematic keeping of records
of the cost of every branch of work performed, and with the assistance obtained from a comprehensive and modern system of
accounts kept by the Comptroller, whose tabulated report of detail expenditures and amounts available is rendered me monthly.
A municipal report should be such a statement as to convey
to the taxpayers exactly and concisely what has been accomplished during the year, how much the work has cost as a total
and where practicable, what it has cost per unit. Also it should
show the condition'of affairs as they now stand, with recommendations for further improvements, or for such changes in the
operating work that will bring about greater efficiency and be to
the greatest advantage to the city. * '
No better evidence of the rapid expansion of the city can
be furnished than by the records of improvements that have been
executed during the fiscal year, ending December 31, 1915.
The extension of the storm water and sanitary sewerage system was carried rapidly forward, and the funds available from
the bond issue of $600,000 were exhausted in October.
242 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
The construction of the trunk sewer on the east side of the
city not only accomplished an outlet sewer capable of caring for
the storm water and sanitary drainage for quite a large portion
of the city, but it brought about the elimination of the old Bilbo
Canal, which in the past has been an eyesore to the city, as well
as a disease-breeding spot.
Another most important improvement that was brought about
with no expense to the city was the elimination of one of the
open canals on the west side of the city, with the rehabilitating
of the other.
The old Ogeechee Canal, from where it intersects Musgrove
Creek Canal to the mouth, was excavated so as to give a free
flowing channel for the drainage of some ten square miles of land,
and the old Musgrove Creek Canal, which formerly had been
used, has been filled to the top of its banks with the material
dredged from the new slip of the Ocean Steamship Company.
A considerable amount of paving was done during the year.
Streets leading from the business section of the city on the
west side to the manufacturing district, which were formerly in
bad condition were paved, together with several streets in the residential section.
The city acquired for opening streets and drainage rights
over a million square feet of land, and in addition to the above
the city acquired from the Central of Georgia Railway Company
and the old Savannah and Ogeechee Canal Company thirty-four
(34) acres of land within the city limits, and one hundred and
twenty-six (126) acres of land between the city limits and the
Ogeechee river.
During the year a number of old highway bridges were eliminated by reason of doing away with the old Bilbo Canal and the
Musgrove Creek Canal, and by the rehabilitating of the Ogeechee
Canal.
Lesser improvements carried on during the year consisted
of the extension of the lighting system, the grading of a number
of streets and lanes, etc. .
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 243
In order to show the expenditures made and the work accomplished by my department, I herewith submit in more or less
detail the work done and the expenditures made for each branch
of the work executed under my direct supervision.
The total operating cost of all of the departments under my
charge for 1915 was $244,143.00, as against $259,057.43 for 1914.
This shows a reduction in the operating expenses in 1915, over
1914 of $14,914.43, notwithstanding the fact that an additional
45,000 square yards of pavements were cleaned, and there was
an increase in the cost of street lighting in 1915 over 1914 of
$2,700,00.
This reduction was brought about by a thorough reorganization of the forces at the beginning of the year, of an adjustment
of wages, and not the least to a much greater efficiency of the
entire force. There is a growing interest in the work, not only
by those immediately in charge of the forces, but by the men
themselves.
SANITATION DEPARTMENT
CLEANING STREETS AND LANES: Street cleaning, like the
housekeeper's work, is never done and has to be repeated day
in and day out. It is not a kid glove job, and the best streetcleaning superintendent is one that does his work well, that is,
willing to get on without anybody speaking of him, but if his work
is neglected he gets quick notice and condemnation. '
The street cleaner's task is more directly reducible to a question of dollars and cents than is the case with some other branches
of work. The superintendent that makes a continual study of
street cleaning is chiefly responsible for economy and efficiency,
and for the latter these must be considered the cheapest method
of cleaning streets.
Second, the best method of reducing litter.
Third, a paving policy with a view of adopting types of pavements which are the most economically cleaned.
Flushing the streets with an ample supply of water is the
most economical method and perhaps the most satisfactory
method of street cleaning, but unfortunately this method cannot
244 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
be adopted in Savannah; for instead of washing material into
our catch basins and from them into sewers, we must keep as
much foreign matter out of our sewers as possible, the grades of
same being easy and the greater the amount of foreign material
that may enter same the greater the liability of sewer stoppages.
For this reason, hand and machine sweeping is required for
cleaning our streets.
Second, the prevention of litter in streets has perhaps been
carried further during the past year than at any previous time.
Co-operation between the Police Department and my department has resulted in a diminished scattering of paper and light
rubbish upon the streets. The civic societies of the city, with
some degree of success, have taken a hand in trying to educate
the people to realize that a clean street cannot be had if carelessness in scattering rubbish over the streets is kept up.
This department has placed in various streets and lanes in
the down town district two hundred and fifty (250) wooden boxes
into which merchants and others place rubbish, and these boxes
are furnished without cost to the property owners.
Third, in considering paving of streets, a type of pavement
should be adopted that can be readily cleaned, providing the cost
of such pavement is reasonable and is of a durable type.
A pavement that quickly deteriorates and becomes rough becomes more difficult to clean each year, so that durability and
smoothness of pavement must be considered in adopting new
work. The cleaning of rough pavements costs not less than 20%
more than smooth pavements.
It will be seen then, that the cleaning cost can be reduced by
a policy of prompt repairs to pavements, and in this city, while
we have some brick pavements that are badly worn, it is the intention to keep a continual patrol of our streets so as to discover
defects and immediately make repairs.
The cost of street cleaning not only depends upon the character of the street surface, but also upon the class of labor employed. Some cities employ able-bodied men who are capable
MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT 245
of doing an honest day's work. Savannah has no poor farm, and
has in the past cared for a certain element, who have been unfortunate, by giving them work upon the streets. This practice
grew to such an extent, that when I first took hold of this work,
I dare say there was less than 50% efficiency procured, and not
only were there men employed incapable of doing a day's work,
but another class who had been held over from term to term for
other reasons, which were very unsatisfactory and very unreliable. An improvement could only be made gradually, and at this
time the irresponsible laborer has been eliminated. Many of the
very old employees, on account of their physical condition, have
been retired by pension, giving them half of their customary
pay. There are, nevertheless, at this time assigned for street cleaning duty quite a large force of men who on account of their physical condition and age cannot be expected to do the work that
could be obtained from able-bodied help, but conditions are such
that they have to be cared for. The taxpayers observe this help
upon the street more than elsewhere, and unfortunately assume
that the rate of work done by this class fixes the progress of the
work for the entire department. This, however, is wrong, and I
take pleasure in reporting to you, that as a whole, outside of a
limited force employed upon the street, the labor class, working
under this office are now working in an efficient and satisfactory
manner.
With the class of men employed upon street cleaning, the
cost of cleaning our streets must be expected to be somewhat
higher than if we had the class of help that is employed in the
majority of the cities for this work.
The area of paved streets, the unit cost of cleaning same per
square yard, and the total cost for cleaning same during the year
1915 is contained in the following tabulation:
246 ____ MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
COST OF STREET CLEANING PER SQUARE YARD
FOR 1915
141,300 square yards sheet asphalt @ 8.07 cents per
square yard for the year___________$11,402.91
332,162 square yards asphalt block @ 1.964 cents
per square yard for the year________ 6,523.66
396,558 square yards vitrified brick @ 2.575 cents
per square yard for the year________ 10,211.37
132,600 square yards granite block @ 3.360 cents
per square yard for the year________ 4,455.36
111,843 square yards cobble stone @ 4.793 cents
per square yard for the year________ 5,360.63
1,114,463 $37,953.93
In order that comparison can be made of the cost for various classes of pavements we should consider the number of
cleanings that are made of the pavements in question.
The sheet asphalt pavements are cleaned daily.
The following are the number of cleanings per week for
the other types of pavements:
Asphalt Block: Bull and Gaston streets daily; other
streets two and three times each week.
Vitrified Brick: Two and three times each week.
Granite Block: Two and three times each week.
Cobble Stone: When needed, averaging once per week.
Reducing the paving cost per square yard cleaned, it is observed that the cost of cleaning sheet asphalt is 8.07 cents per
square yard annually.
Asphalt Block: 1.964 cents per square yard annually.
Vitrified Brick: 2.575 cents per square yard annually.
Granite Block: 3.360 cents per square yard annually.
Cobble Stone: 4.793 cents per square yard annually.
MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT 247
The above cost includes all labor, care of stock and collecting of the sweepings and disposal of same to parties who pay
$250.00 per year for same, delivered at dump grounds.
The mechanical cleaning of streets is done with horse-drawn
sprinklers and by hand sweeping, with cart collection of the
refuse.
It is recommended that the budget for next year contain an
item for the purchase of motor-driven apparatus for sprinkling.
Some cities have tried motor-driven apparatus for street sweeping; whether or not this motor equipment for sweeping has been
perfected sufficiently to make the machine practical and economical will require more study on my part, but with the cost of
stock rapidly increasing, I am satisfied that where motor trucks
can be employed, they will produce not only greater efficiency,
but also greater economy.
CLEANING UNPAVED STREETS AND LANES: The problem of
keeping our unpaved streets and lanes clean is a difficult one.
The surface of these streets are generally of soft sandy loam
material, and leaves, rubbish and paper collecting in same are difficult to remove.
Some householders, merchants and occupants of offices consider it a personal privilege to dump ashes and rubbish in the
streets and lanes, and some contractors and others, making repairs to buildings, are careless about making proper arrangement
for the care of old building material and allow it to remain on
or be scattered over the streets.
The amount expended for cleaning the unpaved streets and
lanes during the year 1915 was $4,442.95. Co-operation of the
householders, the merchants, the occupants of offices and the
people as a whole, with my department, is absolutely necessary
if we are to have that which is desired and what is often talked
about, a clean city. Again, the more streets we pave the nearer
we accomplish what we are after.
At this time there are between sixty and seventy-five miles
of unpaved streets and lanes, more or less used for traffic.
248 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
REFUSE COLLECTION AND DISPOSAL
REFUSE COLLECTION : The collection of refuse and garbage
is carried on in the following manner:
Household garbage is placed in the same can as the lighter
household rubbish, and household ashes are also permitted to be
placed in the same can, or in separate receptacles if the householder elects, so that the refuse collection of Savannah is done
at one time and consists of all garbage, light household rubbish,
light restaurant and hotel garbage, stable sweepings and rubbish
collected from stores, warehouses and public buildings.
All of the above refuse is destroyed by the high temperature
incinerator plant, and during the past year the city's waste was
successfully destroyed without a single complaint having been
received from a property owner or taxpayer.
Ashes and cinders are to a large extent collected from manufacturing plants, not by necessity, but because same are desired
for surfacing soft sand streets and lanes, and about eight hundred (800) tons were collected and stored at the Destructor
Plant to be added to the excess vegetable garbage collected during July and August, when same included fifteen to eighteen tons
of watermelon rinds daily, the cinders being used to materially
assist in destroying the wet garbage, and was the only fuel required in doing so.
Stable sweepings from the city lots, amounting to 4.0 tons
daily, are sold under contract at the stables for $252.00 per year.
Dead carcasses are sold under contract, which gives a small
revenue for same of $150.00 per year.
The total amount of refuse collected during the year was
26.298 tons of garbage and rubbish.
One thousand two hundred and fifteen tons of cinders were
delivered at the incinerator and approximately 2,000 tons were
used for hardening streets.
536 tons of paper.
29 tons of condemned fish.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 249
57 carcasses of cows, 306 carcasses of horses and mules,
10 carcasses of sheep, 368 carcasses of dogs, all sold
under contract.
The total cost of collecting this refuse was $65,863.00, which
includes all labor, maintenance of equipment, care of stock and
incidentals. This makes the cost of collection 2.26 cents per
ton.
REFUSE DISPOSAL: As stated above, all the garbage, rut-
bish, household, cinders and a proportion of the manufacturing
cinders were disposed of by the burning of same at the Destructor Plant.
The amount of material destroyed, by months, was as follows:
January ______________ 2,381 tons
February ______________ 2,025 tons
March ________________ 2,188 tons
April ________________ 2,154 tons
May ________________ 2,110 tons
June ________________ 2,016 tons
July _________________ 3,199 tons
August _______________ 2,854 tons
September _____________ 2,035 tons
October _______________ 2,236 tons
November _____________ 2,083 tons
December _____________ 2,380 tons
Total ____________27,661 tons
The excess quantity shown in July and August is due to the
large amount of watermelon rinds destroyed during these two
months, and in order to properly destroy same, which last year
amounted to fifteen (15) tons per day, additional cinders were
added to the furnaces, amounting to approximately four hundred
(400) tons per month.
The total expenditures for 1915 for destroying the city's
refuse by incineration was, for
250 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
Incinerator operation__________$17,083.89
Weighing refuse and delivery of same
to the hoppers ___________ 1,555.74
Maintenance, including outlays ____ 2,923.75
Total _______________$21,563.38
From which there should be taken $4,800.00 for steam furnished the water works, leaving a net total cost of $16,763.38, or
a net cost per ton of refuse destroyed of 59.7 cents.
Savannah Destructor Plant has attracted widespread interest
from many municipalities and many engineers.
Considerable time was expended by me in ascertaining the
correct cost of operation for one year from the time it was accepted and believing that the taxpayer would be interested in the
cost and operation of the plant, I am submitting the following
extracts from a paper, which was prepared by me and read before
the American Society of Municipal Improvements, at Dayton,
Ohio, last October:
During the past year you have read of the difficulties experienced in some cities in reaching a satisfactory settlement with the
contractors who have installed high temperature destructor plants.
On account of considerable publicity regarding this matter undoubtedly many city officials are skeptical as to the success of the
modern high temperature destructor plants, and it is my pleasure
to report to you with considerable detail the efficiency of operation of the high temperature destructor which has been in operation in Savannah for a period of time sufficient to form a very
good opinion as to its efficiency, and also of the true cost of destroying refuse of the character found in Southern cities.
By my investigation, and from information received, it is my
opinion, in many instances the failure to operate destructor plants
in a satisfactory manner has been due to the lack of study of
local conditions and the employment of incompetent supervisors
to operate the plant.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 251
The high temperature destructor plant at Savannah is of the
Heenan-Froud type, and was constructed by the Destructor Company, of New York City. It was completed in March, 1914, and
after necessary tests were made of the plant, and after it had been
operated for five months by the Destructor Company, to make
sure that all guarantees could be carried out, the plant was accepted and final payment was made on September 2, 1915.
The proceedings of A. S. M. I. Convention of last year, 1914,
also the September issue of the American Journal of Public
Health, gives a detail description, furnished by me, of the plant
and other data concerning the same. The plant has a rated daily
capacity of destroying 130 tons of mixed refuse, which consists
of household, hotel and restaurant garbage and rubbish collected
from households and stores, and ashes from buildings, excepting
manufacturing plants. Street sweepings and carcasses of dead
animals are sold for revenue, and are not delivered to the plant.
The total cost of the plant including outlays other than that
paid the contractor, was $127,000.00. It was built upon city property, so that the purchase of land was not necessary, and the
amount stated does not include any credit for the land occupied.
The principal guarantee made by the Destructor Company
was that it would destroy 130 tons of refuse in twenty-four hours,
based upon a type of refuse that would have 45% garbage, 40%
rubbish, 5% manure, and 10% ash. It was further guaranteed
that no odors or abnoxious gases shall escape from the building
or stack. At no time during the operation of the plant shall the
temperature in the combustion chamber fall below 1250 degrees
F., and that an average temperature of 1500 degrees shall be
maintained, that the number of pounds of steam generated in the
boiler from and at 212 degrees, per pound of refuse consumed
shall not be less than 1.3 pounds, that the net effective capacity
in horse-power for steam utilization over and above that required for operating the plant shall be 330 horse-power, based
on 34]/2 pounds per boiler horse-power. Further, that the cost
per ton for incineration with the plant consuming 130 tons daily,
252 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
based upon a certain schedule of wages and with certain forces
shall not exceed 40.4 cents per ton. '
Another guarantee is that the amount of refuse consumed
shall not be less than 68 tons per square foot of grate area. I
can report that all the guarantees have been met.
While we do not have 130 tons of refuse to consume, we
have for a considerable portion of the last year consumed the
refuse collected with one furnace, showing that the capacity of
the two units is in excess of the guarantee.
Official tests also showed that the capacity exceeded the
amount stipulated. No odors or obnoxious gases escaped from
this building or stack. The temperature in the combustion chamber exceeds the guarantee, and in fact at times it rises above
a safe limit, and we have installed a sprinkling apparatus so that
when necessary the refuse can be sprinkled before it is taken to
the furnaces. Sufficient tests have been made, and the practical
working of the plant shows that the amount of steam generated
exceeds the requirements. The operating cost per ton of refuse
incinerated, based on the full capacity of the plant, has been met
during tests, but during practical operation we do not have any-
' where near 130 tons of refuse, and the operating cost for destroying the amount is necessarily greater per ton than 40.4
cents, however, this unit cost would be met if the plant was
worked to its full capacity.
The condition of the plant at this time, after operating for
a year and a half is excellent The same linings that were originally installed in the furnaces are still being used, and probably
will be good for another six months. Very little work has been
required in repairs to the brick lining of the combustion or furnace chambers. At the base of the combustion chamber a little
damage was done to the walls in removing the ash, which vitrified and had to be picked when removed. This trouble was readily obviated by keeping a layer of dust from the chimney against
the floor wall. The principal cost of maintenance has been in
keeping the armatures of the motors in good condition. No
MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT 253
doubt much of this trouble is due to dust. Certain repairs also
had to be made to the electric conveyor or hoist. Much of the
expense of maintaining the plant the past year, the amount of
which will be given below, one-half of which is paid for by the
Destructor Company, so that the actual cost to the city for the
maintenance of the plant for the last year will be considerably
less than that stated in the tabulation.
One feature of the plant could be improved upon, that is, the
method of carrying the refuse to the furnace containers, which
is by an electric crane with Heyward Bucket. This is more expensive than it should be, but up to this time a more economical
arrangement has not been put in use, although steps are being
taken to reduce the operating cost of conveying the refuse. Other
than this feature, I do not know where any general improvement
could be made to our plant. I may say that it is very successful.
In the year and a half it has been in operation it has never been
shut down but once or twice, and then only for a period of less
than a day.
The refuse delivered to the plant consists of 40 to 45% in
weight garbage, approximately 50% rubbish, and 5 to 10% ashes.
In the rubbish there is a great amount of tin cans and other indestructable matter. During our watermelon season, in July and August, the amount of garbage is increased between 15 and 20%
per day, due to the collection of watermelon rinds. This year
it averaged fifteen tons per day and last year about twenty tons
per day. During these two months when there is an excess of
garbage we add to the refuse hopper about 10% additional
weight of ashes and cinders. This cinder is collected during the
season when it is not necessary for consuming the garbage, and
the only labor cost involved is the wheeling of the cinder from
the storage pile to the hopper during the period when the excessive collection of garbage takes place. No other fuel whatsoever
is used for destroying our refuse. The clinker from the plant
varies from 20 to 30%, according.to the refuse burned, and about
half the clinker in weight is more or less vitrified. At first it was
believed that this clinker would have no value, but after a trial in
254 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
using this material as a foundation for hardening streets it was
found that it is eminently adapted for this purpose, and the
streets that have been hardened with the clinker, and have been
in use for over a year stand up under heavy traffic, and it is
found to be far more durable than the use of gravel. Considerable of the clinker is sold to property owners, who pay a nominal price for same, and in one instance seventy-five cars have
tfeen filled, and hauled by railroad twenty-five miles to be used
as a foundation upon beach sand over which gravel was placed,
and this roadway, some two miles long, has stood up very well.
The tin and sheet iron oxidizes and compacts with the ash and
carbon, making a very solid foundation strata.
All steam from the plant, in excess of that used for operating the plant, is conveyed to the pumping station, and by so doing has reduced the cost of fuel at the station considerably, as
will be shown in the tabulation shown below.
The amount of refuse consumed and the cost of operation
has been compiled for one year dating from September 1, 1914,
to September 30, 1915, inclusive.
During this period 27,495 tons of refuse was destroyed,
equivalent to 75.33 tons per day. The month that the burning
was the heaviest was during July, when the daily average amount
destroyed was 105 tons. The lowest month was February, when
the average was 66,tons per day. The amount of clinker and ash
obtained was approximately 8,950 tons.
COST OF OPERATION:
The total cost of operation for 12 months was_____$15,300.00
or per month of__________________ 1,275.00
or per day of____________________ 42.50
The above is based upon the following schedule:
1 engineer, per shift of eight hours__________$ 4.00
1 cranesman, per shift of eight hours________ 2.25
1 laborer, per shift of eight hours___________ 1.50
3 stokers, each per shift of eight hours_____k_ 1.75
This is equivalent for each_______________ 13.25
Shift of eight hours or per day of twenty-four hours_ 39.75
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 255
To this is added an appropriate charge for Superintendent's
services, who also acts as Superintendent of Garbage Collection.
During the months of July and August an extra stoker has to be
employed at times so that the average operating cost per day for
the year is, as stated above, $42.50. All of the refuse collected
is weighed, and the weighman is paid $2.50 per day, which would
amount to $972.50 for the year.
A laborer is required in the tipping room, where the refuse
is delivered to the hopper from the carts. This could be charged
to either the collection of garbage or the destroying of garbage.
As stated above, during July and August some extra labor is required in transferring cinders from the storage supply to the
hopper.
The total amount paid for this labor during the year was
$695.00.
The cost of removing clinker from the clinker platform to
final place of deposit for the year was, for labor $1,836.00, for
teams $579.00, making a total of $2,415.00.
The credit for steam furnished the pumping station for the
year $5,446.00. For clinker sold $217.84. 'Credit for clinker
used in hardening streets and road surfaces was $656.60. Making a total credit for the clinker $899.44.
Total maintenance cost for the year amounted to $1,213.11,
however, the city is to be reimbursed for a considerable portion
of this by the Destructor Company. Under the guarantee of the
Destructor Company the maintenance of the plant for a period
of five years shall not exceed 1 % of the contract price, which was
$120,000.00, making the maintenance allowance $1,200.00.
As stated above, the principal item of expense during the
year was upon the electric motors and the inspection and upkeep
of the electric apparatus, which cost $559.36. This amount is
considered excessive, and it is anticipated that this amount will
be very much less in the future. The cost of general repairs
amounted to $274.46, and for the purchase of tools, fixtures, records and other minor items $219.81.
256 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
For oils and waste $159.48.
The expenditures for outlays during the year was approximately $1.167.00, which expenditures were for constructing
clinker platform, retaining wall, rebuilding clinker carts, laying
drainage pipe, etc.
Recapitulation of the operating cost for twelve months and
cost of destroying refuse, including interest on investment and
depreciation of plant:
Refuse destroyed ______________26,795 tons
Total cost of operating plant_______________$15,300.00
or per ton_________________55.65c
Total maintenance cost_________________ 1,213.11
or per ton___________________ 4.52c
Total operating cost____________________ 16,513.11
or per ton________________60.17c
Credit for steam furnished pumping station_____ 5,446.00
or per ton__________________20.33c
Total net operating cost__________________ 11,067.11
or per ton_i________________39.84c
Cost of labor in tipping room__________ 695.00
or per ton__________________12.16c
Cost of weighing______________________ 972.50
or per ton___________________ 3.24c
Total cost, including above______________ 12,734.61
or per ton_____________!.____45.24c
Cost of clinker removal_________________ 2,415.60
or per ton______________ 8.79c
Credit for clinker_____________________ 899.44
or per ton__________________________ 3.36c
Net cost removing clinker__________ _____ 1,516.16
or per ton____________________ 5.43c
Total cost, including clinker removal_____..____ 14,250.77
or per ton__________________v_50.67c
Interest on investment assumed to be $127,000.00 at
4% amounts to____________________ 9,080.00
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 257
or per ton destroyed_____________18.47c
Total cost, including the above_____________ 23,330.77
or per ton__________________69.14c
Depreciation of plant, giving due weight to all of the
various portions of the plant, it is assumed that
the annual depreciation will amount to_ 6,100.00
or per ton destroyed____________22.18c
Total cost of destroying refuse for twelve months, including jll of the above, amounts to________ 29,430.77
or per ton________________91.32c
In order to make a comparison of the cost of destroying
refuse in various cities, it is necessary to have not only the maintenance and labor operating cost, but also the interest on investment should be considered as well as depreciation of the plant.
With the plant working at full capacity, the cost per ton would
be very much less than that noted above, and the total cost
would be no more. As the interest on the investment and the
depreciation would remain the same and the only additional
force to operate the plant would be one or two laborers, and very
slight additional force would be required to remove the clinker.
AH of this extra cost would be more than made up by the additional steam that would be furnished by the burning of the additional refuse. There is apt to be much stress laid upon the
actual cost of destroying the refuse. It will be seen from the
above tabulation that the labor cost is only 43% of the total so
that upon making investigation before installing a plant of this
character the facilities by which the clinker can be handled, and
the use to which the by-products can be put to is equally as important as the actual labor cost for operation.
The operation of the plant at Savannah will be watched
closely. It has met with the approval of the officials of the city
and people of Savannah. The refuse is being destroyed in a
sanitary manner. The building is located close to one of our
pumping stations and no objectionable feature has arisen of any
character since the plant commenced operation.-
258 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
A recommendation is submitted to you, which I feel confident will result in a saving in the operation of the plant, and
that is, to change the present method of conveying the refuse to
the furnaces by an electrically operated method, to conveying
same by a steam hoisting engine. Also instead of generating
power to operate the plant and to work the fans, to purchase
electricity from one of the electric companies supplying lights to
the city, and to convey all the steam that is acquired from the
burning of refuse to the water works and drawing from the water
works sufficient steam under a uniform pressure to work the
hoisting engine in carrying the refuse to the furnaces. I feel
confident that with the change, the operating cost will be reduced
considerably.
MAINTENANCE OF SANITARY AND STORM
SEWERS
SANITARY SEWERS: A number of minor breaks occurred in
the sanitary sewers, which in number were 38. The cost of
maintenance, repairs and cleaning out stoppages was $2,565.67.
STORM SEWERS : There were more breaks and stoppages in
storm water sewers than with sanitary sewers, and the amount
expended during the year was $3,212.95. There were fifty-two
repairs made and many stoppages cleared away.
Besides repairs and clearing of stoppages of storm water
sewers and sanitary sewers, there was constructed 1,960 lineal
feet of storm water extensions, ranging in size from 8 inches to
24 inches. There were also constructed 1,415 feet of sanitary
sewer extensions, ranging in size from 4 inches to 8 inches.
The location and lengths of extensions are noted below:
SANITARY SEWER EXTENSIONS:
Maupas Avenue and Reynolds Street______ 300 ft. 8-in.
Wells Square ____________________ 60 ft. 4-in.
Maupas Avenue East, East Broad Street___I. 300 ft. 8-in.
48th Street and Parkside Place__________ 180 ft. 8-in.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 259
41st Street west of East Broad Street______ 375 ft. 8-in.
45th Street east of Reynolds Street________ 200 ft. 6-in.
Total _________"_____:_____1415ft.
STORM SEWER EXTENSIONS:
Anderson Street and Waters Road________ 337J ft. 12-in.
43rd and West Broad Streets___________ 100 ft. 8-in.
34th and Drayton Streets____________ 362J ft. 6-in.
Lincoln, Gaston to Gordon Streets________ 375 ft. 12-in.
Gwinnett Street West_______________ 45 ft. 15-in.
East Broad Street, 39th Street to Lane_____ 120 ft. 18-in.
Atlantic Street, 40th to Lane________.__ 330 ft. 24-in.
East Broad Street, Harmon to 37th Street____ 132$ ft. 12-in.
Paulsen Street, East 37th Street_________ 27$ ft. 8-in.
Collins Street East_________________ 85 ft. 8-in.
Waldburg Street East_______________ 45 ft. 8-in.
Total _____________________1960 ft.
The extension of the storm water and sanitary sewer system
of the city is referred to later on in this report.
CARE OF LIVE STOCK: During the fiscal year the cost of
caring for live stock used by the sanitation department was $20,-
174.24. This includes feeding, care of stock at city lots and
shoeing.
, The average feed furnished the stock consists of 14 pounds
of hay and 14 pounds of crushed oats per day.
The mean monthly cost per head of stock for the year was
$11.63. The mean cost for shoeing is 24*/2 cents per hoof.
The number of head of stock used by the sanitation department is 117 per day.
DRY CULTURE: By dry culture is meant the cleaning of
canals and ditches within the city limits; also caring for the
flood gates in the canals which have their outlets into the Savannah river.
260 MAYOR'S AN'NUAL REPORT
During the fiscal year there was expended for dry culture
$6,620.02.
Approximately 50,000 lineal feet of canals and 370,000
lineal feet of ditches were cleaned during the year; 800 lineal
feet of new ditches were constructed, and 8,600 cubic yards of
sand was removed from sand traps.
The elimination of the Alusgrove Creek Canal on the west
side of the city and the elimination of the Bilbo Canal on the east
side of the city, which also eliminates the old Bilbo Canal flood
gate, together with the extension of the storm water and sanitary
sewers, which will reduce the operating cost of dry culture in the
future.
A new concrete and steel flood gate, which will be referred
to later, was constructed on the west side.
SPRINKLING STREETS: The city has approximately 70,000
square yards of streets and lanes with gravel or cinder surface,
and during the dry periods it is imperative that these streets and
lanes be sprinkled, and during the year 1915 there was expended
for this purpose $996.72.
SWEEPING CROSSINGS: The city had at the end of the year
1,221 crossings.
These crossings are located where the streets adjoining same
are unpaved, and they have to be frequently and regularly hand
swept.
The amount expended for sweeping crossings during the
year 1915 was $1,451.72, which is at the rate of $1.18 per crossing per year.
OILING CATCH BASINS: Between April and the middle of
October, which is the mosquito-breeding season, a gang consisting of two men make a regular weekly inspection of all catch
basins, and treat same with a low grade kerosine or crude oil.
Not only does this gang treat catch basins, but they are always on the lookout for deposits of stagnant water, and treat
same with the oil as necessary. The result of this economical
treatment is that the mosquito is very greatly eliminated.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 261
Information furnished me at various times during last summer was that there was very little trouble experienced with mosquitos, notwithstanding the fact that we are located upon a fresh
water river and surrounding the city are low lands, but fortunately these lands are well drained by the county.
The total amount expended during 1915 for oiling catch
basins was $760.24, which is only 1 cent per capita. I do not
know where the same amount of money is expended for any sanitary or other improvements that results in as much benefit to
the people as a whole as the amount referred to above, used for
the extermination of the mosquito.
CLEANING CATCH BASINS: At the end of the year the city
had 1,573 catch basins, which are periodically and regularly
cleaned. The average number of cleanings per year is 15, and
the total number of cleanings made during 1915 approximated
23,000.
The amount expended for this work was $5,827.05, making
the average cost of cleaning 25.3 cents.
CUTTING WEEDS: The cutting weeds involves a considerable expenditure. During the early fall months there is considerable growth of weeds upon unused streets and upon the edges
of ungraded streets. This is a matter that requires prompt attention, both for health reasons and also on account of the risk
of fire after the weeds die. Then again, there are certain lots and
canal banks owned by the city that require attention, and the
amount expended during 1915 for cutting of weeds upon the city's
domain was $1,378.48.
This concludes the operating expenses coming under the
head of the sanitation department, which was $150,413.15, as
against $159,743.23 for the preceding year, showing a decrease in
the cost of operating the department of $9,330.08.
CITY STABLES AND SHOPS DEPARTMENT: Three years ago
an allotment of $15,000.00 was made for the construction of new
stables and work buildings for the city lots, but on account of the
262 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
more urgent improvements the allotment was never made available, and since then the old buildings have been retained and
, kept in as presentable and useful condition as possible with very
small expenditures for the upkeep of same.
During the year 1915 only $106.44 was expended in repairs
to the buildings.
There is located at the city lots the buildings of the city
stables, which are capable of housing 150 head of stock, blacksmith, wheelwright and harness shops. A limited warehouse and
shop space for housing the city's proportion of the city's equipment, housing for brick testing and pipe testing apparatus, besides general office for the superintendent and his assistant.
The upkeep of all the equipment and implements used by
the city is carried on at the shops, with the exception of forge and
machinery work, which has to be done at a foundry or machine
shop. The shoeing is all done at the city lots and the average
cost per hoof is 24j/ cents.
The following gives some idea of the work done at the city
lots.
All stock is cared for, which includes the shoeing of same.
All of the scavenger wagons and carts, of which there are
over 100 are kept in good condition, as well as all wagons and
buggies used by my department, and often work is done upon this
class of equipment for the other departments.
Painting required for all of the equipment.
All equipment, such as concrete mixers, sweeping machines,
sprinkling machines, scrapers, etc., are kept in good condition.
A good deal of work is done outside of the shops proper
by the force employed; for instance, all repairs to wharves,
landings, steps on factors* walk and repairs to bridges, etc.
Particular attention is paid to the care of stock, and the feeding of same is carried on upon a well defined basis. The average cost of feeding is $11.00 per animal per month; shoeing 95
cents, proportionate cost of keeping $2.87, veterinary service 45
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 263
cents, making the total cost per head per month a little more
than $15.00.
In order to prevent tetanus a proportion of the stock is kept
inoculated with anti-toxin.
The average number cared for during the year 1915 was 160.
This includes stock that was rented.
At the end of the year there were 30 horses and 120 mules.
Fifteen head of stock was purchased during the year, and twelve
head of stock were condemned and sold, or died.
The feed during the year 1915 was entirely oats and hay, of
which there were 21,750 bushels of oats consumed and 419.5 tons
of hay.
A veterinary surgeon is employed on a monthly basis, and
the loss of stock by sickness, considering the liability of tetanus
is remarkably low, and this record is due to a large extent to the
careful consideration paid to the care of the stock.
From the first of the year to October 31st, the dogs picked
up from the streets were impounded at the city lots. During this
period 640 dogs were taken to the pound, of which 209 were delivered to the owners upon payment of $1.00, 327 were killed arid
104 released. The immediate control of the collection of dogs
was under the Police Department.
The cost of operation of the stables and shops together with
the cost of the expendable material is directly assessed proportionately against the cost of the work done by the various departments.
While new buildings are needed for the city lots, it is not
considered advisable to construct these at the present time, for
it may become advantageous to the city to sell the land upon
which the present buildings are located and to. locate the city
lots near the Destructor Plant.
The Superintendent of the city lots during the past year was,
Mr. R. H. Clements, who, before having this office had experience with shop work and care of stock, and his close attention
264 ^ MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
and experience has enabled the work to be carried on, together
with the care of stock in a business-like and satisfactory manner.
It has been suggested that proposals be received for doing
the work at the city shops under contract. There are numerous
reasons, in my opinion, why this is impracticable.
In the first place the work is very varied. It would be difficult to specify and contract for the work in such a manner as
would eliminate misunderstanding between the contractor and
the city.
Secondly, the wages paid to the men at the city lots are no
higher than that paid by any machine shop or blacksmith shop.
To send wagons to various shops, or to send stock to be shod
away from where they are stabled would require time, and there
would be much loss of time in stock and labor.
Thirdly, the work as now carried on is co-ordinated with the
general work, and co-operation between this, department and
other construction departments results in economy and efficiency.
Material bought for the city lots is by open bidding, inviting competition, and is bought just as cheap as outsiders could obtain
same, and with an efficient and experienced labor force, paid
current wages, I do not see how the city can benefit by contracting for this work, where the contractor would have to provide
shops, machinery and allow for profit.
HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT
The work carried on under the highway department consists
of the maintenance of streets and lanes, both paved and unpaved.
The lighting of the city, the regrading and resurfacing of streets,
the maintenance of bridges, docks and wharves, the construction
of crossings and building of catch basins.
STREET LIGHTING: The amount expended for street lighting, including the ornamental street post lighting for the year
1915 was $48,763.81.
Eleven arc lights were installed during the year, making the
number of arc lights at the end of the year 76 1. The distribu-
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 265
tion of the various types of city lights on December 31, J915,
other than the arc lights, was the same as was reported in my annual report for 1914.
With the rapid growth of the city many requests are received for additional lights, and it would be advantageous, if, as
recommended in my last report, a supplementary contract could
be made so that we could obtain lights for certain localities of a
more moderate power and at a lesser cost.
The City of Savannah is well lighted. Favorable comments
have been made by engineer visitors and others as regards the
lighting system of Savannah, and in some respects it is a difficult
city to light, on account of the large number of foliaged streets,
which interfere with the lighting.
With the rapid extension of the city more lights will have
to be put in during the year 1916, and provision has been made
in the budget for a reasonable number of additional arc lights.
SIDEWALKS: There was only a small expenditure made for
the maintenance of sidewalks in squares or adjoining property
owned by the city, and in addition to these there are fifty-nine
sidewalks which the city has to perpetually maintain.
The public have evidently appreciated efforts on the part of
this office to improve the condition of the sidewalks, and to lay
sidewalks where none existed, for only on few occasions during
the past year have exceptions been taken to orders issued for repairs and for the relaying of sidewalks.
During the year 1915, 957 notices were served upon property owners to relay or repair sidewalks, of which 300 were to lay
new sidewalks.
. Six thousand two hundred and five (6,205) square yards of
new concrete sidewalks were laid for property owners by the city,
and the cost of same was assessed against property owners.
Two hundred and sixty-five (265) square yards of exempt
sidewalks were laid by the city, and paid for by the city.
266 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
One thousand five hundred and ninety-six (1,596) square
yards of brick sidewalks were laid by the city for property owners, and billed against the property owners.
Private contractors and property owners laid approximately
twenty-five thousand (25,000) square yards of new concrete sidewalks during the year, and five hundred (500) square yards of
brick pavements were laid by the property owners themselves.
The cost of concrete sidewalks laid by the city varies from
80 cents to 90 cents per square yard, which includes all necessary
grading.
In connection with this work, and where curbing was not
placed for paving proper, there were laid during the year 1915
seventeen thousand (17,000) lineal feet of granite curbing, which
was assessed against the property owners, the average cost being
33 cents per foot for straight curbing and 40 cents per foot for
circular curbing.
This department also laid for the Park and Tree Commission
one thousand and fifty-four (1,054) square yards of sidewalks in
Forsyth Park.
Reference was made in my report of last year to ordinance
being passed requiring property owners to maintain and keep in
good repair the sidewalks abutting their property, and calls attention to the owners or lessees of property being liable for damages that might arise, growing out of personal injuries, by reason of defective sidewalks.
The work done during 1915 has resulted in a very marked
improvement as regards the general condition of the sidewalks,
but at this time there are a large number of old brick walks,
which are reaching the point when they must be replaced with
concrete walks.
MAINTENANCE OF STREETS AND LANES: This includes repairs to the various pavements of asphalt block, bricjc, stone and
sheet asphalt.
During the year $8,000.00 was expended for repairs.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT . 267
REPAIRS TO PAVED STREETS: The distribution of the expenditures for repairs to and yardage of pavements, are, as follows:
Seven thousand four hundred and twenty-five (7,425) square
yards of vitrified brick, $3,500.00.
Three thousand one hundred and fifty-five (3,155) square
yards asphalt block, $1,200.00
Two thousand nine hundred (2,900) square yards of granite
block, $1,000.00.
One thousand seven hundred and twenty (1,720) square
yards of sheet asphalt, $1,940.00.
One thousand eight hundred (1,800) square yards cobble- '
stone pavements, $360.00.
Total yardage of pavements repaired seventeen thousand i|
(17,000) at a total cost of $8,000.00. !f
This includes the necessary new material required for the
repair work.
The allotment for this class of work was not sufficient to
make some extensive repairs to the pavements that are required,
but the allotment for 1916 is considerably greater than that for
1915, and several of the old brick pavements will be extensively
overhauled.
RESURFACING UNPAVED STREETS AND LANES, AND REPAI'RS TO
GRAVEL STREETS: During the year $10,464.00 was expended for
this work.
At first glance this would seem a large amount for the results obtained, but when the mileage of the unpaved streets are
considered, the cost of keeping same in a safe condition is not at
ajl excessive. There are at least 70 to 75 miles of unpaved
streets and lanes which require attention.
There are fifteen miles of streets surfaced with gravel cinders or shells that also have to be repeatedly repaired in order to
kee'p them in safe condition.
MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
Twelve thousand (12,000) square yards of gravel streets
were repaired for the city by the county, for which work the city
paid the county $507.00.
The amount necessary for this class of work must be increased annually, rather than decrease, until extensive permanent
paving of our streets is done.
The city has been growing rapidly, and the streets formerly
used but very little are now extensively used, and until they are
paved they must be kept in a safe passable condition for traffic.
On December 31, 1'9I5, the city had 44.5 miles of permanent paved streets. Considerable work was done during the year
in the surfacing of our sand, streets and roads on the outskirts of
the city by using manufacturing cinders and also clinker obtained from the Destructor Plant. This improvement, though
only of a temporary nature is much desired by property owners
having garages on the lanes which have no surfacing, and as far
as practicable the requests of property owners for this material
have been complied with.
During 1915 approximately four miles of streets and lanes
were surfaced with cinders.
The clinker and ash from the Destructor Plant makes a remarkably good road surfacing when covered with sand or loam
for such streets as lie on the outskirts of the city, but the material is not used for streets where it is anticipated permanent
paving will be put down in the near future, for it would be difficult material to remove when once put down. The clinker 5s
composed to a large extent of vitrified material, tin cans or other
receptacles, and after being rolled the material together forming, as stated above a very hard foundation, which under heavy
traffic stands up even better than any gravel that can be obtained.
There were two hundred and forty-five thousand (245,000)
square yards of unpaved streets and lanes graded during 1915,
and thirty-seven thousand (37,000) square yards were resurfaced and graveled, besides one and one-half miles (IJ/fc) of
streets worked over by the county for the city.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 269
MAINTENANCE OF BRIDGES: The expenditure for maintenance of bridges during the fiscal year was only $761.69.
My report of 1914 contained a description of the bridges
owned by the city. During the fiscal year 1915, the Bay street
bridges crossing Musgrove Creek Canal were removed, and the
Ocean Steamship Company filled in the old Musgrove Creek
canal bed where Bay street crosses same, and Bay street at the
beginning of the year was being paved, which pavement will be
carried over Musgrove Creek Canal on the new filling.
The Louisville Road Bridge, which crosses the Ogeechee
Canal was replaced with a concrete structure, the cost of which
was entirely met by the Central of Georgia Railway Company, in
accordance with the agreement between the company and the
city, whereby the city gave up a portion of Musgrove Creek
Canal to the company and obtained the Ogeechee Canal right of
way.
Louisville Road bridge crossing Springfield Canal was widened during the year. This bridge will be done away with as soon
as that portion of Springfield Canal is filled in. The diverting of
the Springfield Canal into Ogeechee Canal, south of Louisville
Road permits of the abandonment of Springfield Canal where
Louisville Road crosses same.
Three bridges on the east side of. the city, which formerly
crossed the Bilbo Canal were abandoned as the open canal was
replaced with concrete structure and the old bed filled in, enabling
the doing away of the bridges at Wheaton street; at the intersection of Perry lane, where it crossed the Atlantic Coast Line
tracks and also the bridge at Saint Julian street.
PLACING CATCH BASINS: Thirty-six new catch basins were
constructed during the year, exclusive of fifty-eight constructed
under contract for the extension of the storm water and sanitary
sewerage system, making the total existing number on December 31, 1915, one thousand five hundred and seventy-three
(1,573).
270 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
The amount expended for the thirty-six catch basins put in
by hired labor was $282.70.
Catch basins being put in are all of one type, but of two
sizes.
NEW STREET CROSSINGS: The number of street crossings
put in during the year 1915 was thirty-seven (37) at a cost of
$388.06. The total number existing at the end of the year was
one thousand two hundred and twenty-one.
The above work completes that coming under the division
of the Highway Department, except for certain items which are
not important enough to dwell upon.
The total expenditures for operating the Highway Department during 1915 was $93,729.85, as against $99,314.20 for
1914, showing a decreased expenditure of $5,584.35.
OUTLAYS
By outlays is meant the expenditure of money for special
improvements requiring special allotment, and for purchase of
land necessary for opening streets and lanes for other purposes.
OPENING STREETS: During the year 1915 the city acquired
the following property totaling nine hundred and sixty-two thousand nine hundred (962,900) square feet:
Deed Square
No. Feet
Paulsen StreetLots 115 and 116, Grayson Ward._708 4,800
Paulsen StreetLot 117, Grayson Ward_______717 2,400
Paulsen StreetLot 118, Grayson Ward_____715 2,400
Paulsen StreetLots 121 and 122, Grayson Ward716 4,800
Paulsen StreetLots 125 and 126, Grayson Ward__697 4,800
Paulsen StreetLots 127 and 128, Grayson Ward707 4,800
Paulsen StreetLots 130, Grayson Ward_____703 2,400
Paulsen StreetLots 138 and 139, Grayson Ward704 4,800
Paulsen StreetLots 140, 141 and 142, Grayson
Ward _________________________706 7,200
Paulsen StreetLot 148. Grayson Ward______705 2,400
Paulsen StreetLots 150 and 151, Grayson Ward698 4,800
Paulsen StreetLot 152, Grayson Ward_______714 2,400
Barnard StreetSouth from Nephew Street 868.8 -
feet _________J_______________695 65,160
Montgomery StreetFrom A. C. L. Crossing to
LaRoche Division 754 feet___________695 34,604
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 271
Deed Square
No. Feet
49th StreetFrom Barnard to Montgomery 626
feet __________________________695 37,549.8
SOth StreetFrom Barnard to Montgomery 632
feet _____-_________-__________695 37,912.2
51st StreetFrom Montgomery to Barnard 638
feet __________-_____________695 38,274.6
48th LaneFrom Barnard to Montgomery 645
feet __________________________695 9,930
49th LaneFrom Barnard to Montgomery 629
feet ___:______________________695 10,064
SOth LaneFrom Barnard to Montgomery 635
feet __________________________695 10,160
Bulloch and 40th StreetsPart of Lot 15, Demere
Ward -_________-_____-_-710 737
SOth StreetFrom East Broad to A. C. L. Railway
(Strip 20 feet) ____________________718 24,700
45th StreetFrom West Broad to Montgomery
(Lots 57 to 64) ___________________738 9,521.5
45th StreetFrom Hopkins to Minis Canal (Strip
20 feet) ________________________726 24,400
Paulsen StreetLots 217 and 220 and parts 218,
219 and 222 Glatigny and Harmon Wards____740 7,890.23
Hopkins StreetFrom south corporate limits to a
point south of SOth Street_____________711
Stevens StreetFrom south corporate limits to a
point south of SOth Street______________711
Stevens StreetFrom south corporate limits to a
ooint south of SOth Street_____________711
Bulloch StreetFrom south corporate limits to a
point south of SOth Street_____________711
Florence StreetFrom south corporate limits to a i .,> in/r
point south of SOth Street_____________711 ?" iu-"5yt>
SOth Street LaneFrom Hopkins Street to Florence Street ___________711
51st StreetFrom Hopkins Street to Florence
Street _________..______________711
51st Street LaneFrom Hopkins Street to A. C.
L. Railway right of way711
52nd StreetFrom Hopkins Street to A. C. L.
Railway right of way___711 ,
Florence StreetPart of Lot 161, Colding Ward__722 700
Reynolds StreetLots 127 and 130 and parts of
12S, 128, 129, 132 Glatigny Ward_____-___741 7,721.31
Hopkins Street(Nelson property), Garfunkel
Ward -___________________________721 15,201
Bulloch Street(Nelson property), Garfunkel
Ward _________________________721 15,000
SOth StreetStrip 20 feet (Nelson property) Garfunkel Ward _____________________721 2,300.
225,730
272 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
Deed Square
No. Feet
Whatley AvenueFrom Hopkins to 52nd Street_724
Hopkins Street52nd Street to Whatley Avenue__724
Stevens Street52nd Street to Whatley Avenue_-724
Bulloch Street52nd Street to 53rd Street___724
Florence Street52nd Street to Whatley Avenue-724
53rd StreetHopkins Street to Whatley Avenue724
52nd LaneHopkins Street to Whatley Avenue724
53rd LaneHopkins Street to Stevens Street724 J
Montgomery StreetLot 45, Norwood Ward730 3,600
Montgomery StreetLot 62, Norwood Ward739 3,600
West Broad StreetLot 203, Coldinp- Ward___736 1,750
Auditorium SiteLots 21. 22, 27, 28, Jackson Ward
Deed Nos. 728, 729, 731, 733, 734 and 737____ 22,000
Total _____________ 962,900
The deeds of transfer are on file with the Clerk of Council,
and also recorded at the Court House.
The total amount expended by the city for land acquired for
opening streets for the year 1915 was $30,487.59. There was
also paid for a tract of land between Vine and Paulsen Streets
not chargeable to opening streets, $7,678.49. This tract was purchased in connection with acquiring land for the opening of Paulsen Street for sewerage right of way. There was paid for land
from money available from the $600,000.00 bond issue for rights
of way for sewers $4,554.52 during 1915 and $8,654.82 in 1914,
for the same purpose, which land was acquired so that a street
could be opened through same, where a sewer was constructed.
The cost of the land purchased was prorated in a manner that
would properly assess the cost proportionately between the money
available for the extension of the sewer system for acquiring
streets and the allotment for opening streets.
The allotment for opening streets also includes cost of grading new streets, of which twenty-six thousand (26,000) square
yards were graded during the year. This grading included 47th,
48th, 49th, 50th and streets in the tract known as the Parkside
Land Company, 50th, 51st, 52nd, 53rd, Hopkins, Florence and
Whatley Streets in the Wilkinson Tract, 39th and Terrace Streets
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 273
in the Morrison Tract, Paulsen Street from 37th Street to Anderson Street, 31st Street from Paulsen Street to Harmon Street,
32nd Street from Paulsen to Harmon Street.
There was expended for this work $8,429.71.
NEW PAVING: The paving of new streets was carried on
regularly and continuously during the year 1915. The total cost
of the pavement laid was $87,867.65. The principal paving done
was that on Louisville Road, where the roadway was widened five
feet, the street car tracks were removed from the side of the
roadway to the center of the street, two bridges widened and the
paving of this street resulted in a very marked improvement.
The paving of Bay Street extension from West Broad Street
to the Ogeechee Canal, with stone block, was a much needed improvement, and with the continuing of same to the city limits,
which work at this date is completed, results in giving a good
roadway of permanent material from the city to the manufacturing district west of same. Other pavements of asphalt block and
brick were laid in the residential district. Some work was done
for the Savannah Electric Company and the Ocean Steamship
Company and others, who paid for the entire cost of the work.
It will be seen from the tabulation below, giving the cost of
area paved and material used that asphalt block was used principally for the residential district, granite block for the streets
where there is heavy traffic and brick was used for the Louisville
Road and to some extent for other streets.
The granite block was so laid as to produce a pavement far
superior to the older type of pavement where this material has
been used. The method of laying was to carefully cull the block
as to the depth and width, carefully preparing the bottom so that
the various depths of block could be laid with the result of having a uniform top surface. Small crushed stone was used to partially fill the crevices, after which the pavement was thoroughly
rolled with a twelve-ton roller; the Joints were then filled with
concrete grout, mixed in the proportion of one part cement and
one part sand.
STREET PAVING DONE DURING 1915 FOR WHICH ASSESSMENTS HAVE BEEN MADE AGAINST PROPERTY
OWNERS FOR COST OF SAME.
STRKKT
42nd St., Montgomery to Florence ______
Gwinnett, Union Station Viaduct to
Stiles Ave.
Habersham St., 31st to 34th Sts. ________
Habcrsham St., 34th to 37th Sts. _______
C. of Ga. Viaduct, Louisville Road _
Florence St., 37th to 42nd ___ _ _
Harris St., West Broad to Purse _______
Bay St., West Broad to Farm _
East Broad, Gwinnett to Henry__ _ _ .
Louisville Road, Canal to Stiles Ave. ____
West Broad St. front SavannahElectric Company _ _ ______
Liberty St. between Savannah Electric
Company's Car Tracks _ _
Perry Lane, Bull to Whitaker __ _
Bay St., Farm to Ogeechee Canal Bridge
I
Aspt. Blk.
Gran. Blk.
Vit. Bk.
Aspt. Blk.
Aspt. Blk.
Vit. Bk.
Aspt. Blk.
Vit. Bk.
Gran. Blk.
Vit. Bk.
Vit. Bk.
Gran. Blk.
Vit. Bk.
Vit. Bk.
Gran. Blk.
Gran. Blk.
Gran. Blk.
;1
Y'ards Square
4,096.47
4,070.
633.16
3,609.32
5,210.98
758.32
3,746.69
1,343.27
2,518.15
6,034.9
6,561.36
664.62
1,893.47
34.6
74.6
139.3
3,716.5
I 1
Lineal Fet |
1 i
2,639.91
4,512.39
618.17
1,480.82
2,049.80
1,464.72
966.34
1,765.28
2,900.
3,883.97
1,612.33
Total ____ ______ _ ____ _ |4S,105.71|23,893.69
!Total Cost
i,
6,993:13
10,346.05
1,137.91
6,184.06
8,929.47
2,081.33
7,626.86
2,212.68
S.510.89
9,321.21
12,168.60
943.97
3,544.19
37.05
300.76
2,168.29
8,361.20
r
Third City's' One
jProportion
I'
2,307.56
3,448.69
379.30
1,638.40
2,390.87
2,S42~29
737.56
1,836.97
1,888.75
2,826.24
1,014.61
2,787.07
Intersecting City
|and Streets
|Uffies
280.16
2,308.31
639.97
1,403.66
993.45
40.48
444.86
1,195.66
806.75
1,289.28
i|
| Property to Cost
Owners 1
1I
4,334.96
4,589.05
758.61
2,636.84
3,378.07
4,091.12
1,434.64
3,229.06
2,581.86
4,845.71
37.05
300.76
2,168.29
4,284.85
! Railroad Cost t
Companies !
'1
70.45
1,268.85
1,756.87
2,081.33
3,654.94
3,689.90
943.97
2,529.58
Cost Square jper
iYard
1.707
2.169
1.797
1 714
1.714
2.745
2.036
1.647
2.189
1.545
1.855
1.420
1.872
2.250
37,867.65|23,708.31|9,402.58|38j670.87|15,995,89| _____
i
Cost Frn per
Foot
1
1.748
1.529
1.227
2.213
2.333
1.735
1.527
2.081
1.303
1.455
S. E. Co.
S. E. Co.
S. &W.
S.F.S.C.
O.S.S.C.
3.457
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 275
The cost of this work was no more than the average cost of
all the granite block pavements that have been laid in the city
in the past. It is recommended that a thorough investigation be
made of newer types of pavements that are being extensively laid
in various parts of the country, to see if conditions both as to
character of traffic, cost of material and climatic conditions does
not warrant a change from the types of pavements heretofore
used.
At this writing an investigation has been carried far enough
to warrant the laying of one course concrete, and this type of
pavement will be laid for some of the streets during the fiscal
year 1916.
Asphalt block is excellent material for paving, but on account
of the high freight rate, the purchase of this material atthis date
is prohibitive, material alone having advanced from $1.24 per
square yard to about $1.50 per square yard, due not to the manufacture of the material, but to the freight rate increase. Very
few schooners come to this port at this time light for lumber or
other shipments for the north.
Street paving is one of the most important municipal improvements, and yet it is one that is most carelessly handled by
many,municipalities. Very often types are selected by city officials, who have not made a sufficient study of traffic conditions
or of types of material suitable for climatic conditions at the localities where work is to be carried on, and also thought is not
given to the smoothness of pavements, the latter feature entering greatly into the cost of cleaning streets.
This city has been able to lay paving material upon the
natural soil without a foundation, and most of the pavements
so laid has been of reasonable endurance, owing to the types of
vehicles that have prevailed in the past, but with the rapid introduction of motor trucks it would be folly to continue a type of
paving that will not have a foundation sufficient to withstand
heavy motor trucks, which are bound to displace horse-drawn
vehicles.
276 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
The writer, therefore, cannot recommend the continuance of
pavements on the natural soil without a foundation, except perhaps upon residential streets where there will be light traffic and
where heavy trucks will not be used.
The one course concrete pavement has perhaps grown more
rapidly in use the last two years than any other types. Even if
the surface of this pavement, after a few years' use, should become roughened, or if some crack should form, there would still
be the foundation which could be surfaced with an asphaltic preparation at a nominal cost.
The writer also believes one of the very best types of pavements for residential streets, where moderate traffic is to be expected, is a concrete foundation four or five inches in depth, on
which is laid 2-inch asphalt block or asphaltic concrete top. The
advantage of the asphalt block is that no expensive plant is required to put on the surface or top coating. To put on asphaltic
concrete would require a plant costing about $6,500.00, however,
this city has at this time a large area of pavement, which is deteriorating, and which will deteriorate more rapidly in the future
with the heavier traffic developing, and the plant referred to
can be used advantageously in carpeting, with an asphaltic preparation, many of our worn pavements. ,
The work being carried on at the present time is by hired
labor, the city purchasing necessary material. Most of the paving done by municipalities is by contract, and in most instances
the cost of paving by contract is undoubtedly less than where it
is done by hired labor, but the situation in Savannah is peculiar.
The city has always employed a certain amount of white labor.
Should paving be done by contract, the contractors would not
employ this class of labor, and the force accustomed to city
employment would be thrown out of work. If the city had a
large amount of paving to be done, I am of the opinion that it
would be best to contract for same; but with the nominal amount
that is to be done from year to year, and with the increasing
efficiency brought about by a more careful supervision of the
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 277
work, there is a question whether it is advisable to change the
method of doing our work at this time.
The total expenditures made for outlays for the year 1915
was $73,865.62, as against $43,223.98 for 1914. The excess expenditures for 1915 over 1914, is due to the larger area of street
surface purchased on account of the extension of the storm
water and house drainage sewerage system.
HARBOR AND WHARVES DEPARTMENTS: The operating expenses for the Harbor and Wharves Department for the year
1915 was $3,465.13, as against $3,721.14 for 1914. Only a very
small amount of this was expended for repair to wharves, most
of the expenditures being for the salary of the Harbor Master
and his clerk, and for incidental expenses pertaining to the
office.
The maintenance of Savannah Harbor by the Federal Government was satisfactorily kept up during the fiscal year. On
December 31st, the general depth from the city to the deep
sea was 28 feet, which depth is referred to as local mean low
water. The controlling depth at the end of the year was 24 feet
and this depth only existed for very short distances.
During the fiscal year 1915 a very extensive improvement
was under way by the Ocean Steamship Company. A new slip,
with new terminals was well advanced towards completion at
the end of the year.
The city received $328.00 for wharfage fees for use of the
new dock during fhe year.
OUTLAYS HARBOR AND WHARVES: The expenditures for
this department, for outlays, during 1915 was $520.00, which
was expended for purchase of an automobile for the Harbor
Master, to take the place of the launch previously used by him,
which was sunk and rendered useless by a steamer, the owner
of which paid the city for the loss of same.
278 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
EXTENSION OF STORM WATER AND SANITARY SEWERAGE SYSTEM: My report for 1914 considered the work to be done with
the money available from the bond issue of $600,000.00; also
the proposals received for the work and the general description
of the types of material that were to be used for this work. The
contract work was well under way at the beginning of the fiscal
year, and all of the work was completed before the end of October. The progress made by both contractors was most satisfactory.
The following tabulation shows the character of the work
and different class of material, together with the quantities and
cost of same. The unit prices are not given, as these vary somewhat for the different sections:
Character of Work and Cost
Material Quantities
Excavation _1_____________ 114,169.54 cu. yds. $130,416.23
Overhaul _______________ 56,820.7 1,704.62
Extra brick in place__________ 10,603 159.04
Reinforced concrete__________ 12,555.37 106,103.26
Stone mass concrete in place 443.11 3,340.60
Sand in place!_____________ 610.15 729.71
Steel bars in glace___________1,043,251.9 pounds 25,180.52
Manholes ________________ 2,013.83 feet 8,034.90
Manhole covers ___________ 198 2,340.00
Lumber _________________1,323,338.21 feet 34,069.90
Piling for main outlet sewer_____ 48,578.25 " 14,595.75
Extra cost __1_____________ 60 " 1,126.03
Catch basins ______________ 59 2,591.96
For main outlet sewer, intakes,
tidegates, etc.____________ 981.73
Cast iron pipe_____________ 9,165 tons 274.95
General extra work (force account)
Stubs, C. B. connections, etc.___ 4,132.84
Reinforced concrete box sewer
7'xl3' ________________ 2,848.9 feet
Reinforced concrete box sewer c t inc]uded in ex.
7;xll'x6"._ _______. 3,936.7 cavation, concrete, steel,
4'nxlo" concrete box scwer lf)7022 ,. lumber, etc., noted above
Reinforced concrete box sewer
4'x6' _________________ 1,458
o
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280 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
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MAYOR'S AXN'UAL REPORT 281
The cost of each section and the amount bid for each section is shown in the following tabulation:
1 BID CONSTRUCTION
Section 1-A ___________$136,994.00 $132,342.80
Section 2 _____________ 126,801.30 141,732.02
Sections_____________ 86,535.70 85,031.66
Section 4 _____________ 48,687.50 48,803.24
Section 6 ____________ 24,297.70 29,029.94
Section?_____________ 83,030.20 81,283.50
Sections____________ 21,182.10 25,187.33
Total ____1 ___________$527,528.50 $543,410.49
Construction ________________________$543,410.49
Bid ______________________________ 527,528.50
In excess of bid__________..____$ 15,881.99
The estimate of this office for doing the work called for was
$535,000.00. The amount paid for construction $543,410.00. The
cost of the work being but $8,000.00 in excess of the estimate,
which, however, is accounted for by the fact that two chahges
were made in the location of the sewers, which increased the
original cost $3,000.00, and there was returned to the city by
the Central of Georgia Railway Company and the Atlantic Coast
Line Railroad Company $2,939.00, covering the cost of extra
reinforcement which was required under their tracks where same
crosses Bilbo Canal, so that the cost of constructing the work
actually proposed when bids were called for was somewhat less
than the original estimate made by this office. The location of
the sewers constructed are shown upon the attached drawing.
The city, by hired labor, constructed 2,050 lineal feet of
sewer on Florence street at a cost of $4,700.00. There was relaid 568 lineal feet of sewer by extra work with the contractors
on Paulsen street at a cost of $3,075.41.
The completion of the work accomplished a great improvement on the east side by having the old Bilbo Canal done away
282 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
with. The old drainage canal outside of the new concrete section has been completely filled in between Gwinnett street and
a point several hundred feet north of Wheaton street. To entirely fill the old bed of the' canal outside of the concrete construction from the latter point to the Savannah River will require about 10,000 cubic yards of filling, which work can be done
later on.
A recent inspection of several of the lines of sewers that
were completed under contract shows the infiltration or percolation of water into the sewers to be very small, in fact, less than
the allowable amount for such construction.
Bonds furnished by the contractors who did the work remains in force for one year after the completion of the system,
and they hold the city harmless from any damage due to settlement and guarantees that any defects disclosed in material or
workmanship within the year will be made good without cost
to the city.
A complete detail statement is placed on file in my office
giving all the quantities for each class of material placed in each
section by the contractors who did the work. There is also on file
profiles and plans giving all necessary locations as to location of
manholes, catch basins and other details necessary for office data.
OGEECHEE CANAL: The agreement entered into between
the City and the Central of Georgia Railway Company on October 10, 1914, provided for the diversion of Musgrove Creek
Canal into Ogeechee Canal from where the first lock above the
river was formerly located to where the canal entered the Savannah River. The work was started in 1914, and was completed
during the fiscal year 1915.
This required the dredging out of the Ogeechee Canal so as
to give a free flow of the water to the river.
The construction of a concrete and steel flood gate to control the incoming and outgoing tide. The construction of a new
bridge where the canal crosses the Louisville Road.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 283
Besides the excavation, there were many old flats, much
piling and an old flood gate.
By an agreement with the Central of Georgia Railway, the
city gave up whatever rights it had to the Old Musgrove Creek
Canal, where same passes through the Central of Georgia Railway property, but in return the Railway Company conveyed to the
city the right of way for the Ogeechee Canal from the mouth to
the City Limits, which embraces approximately thirty-four acres
of land and the right of way from the city limits to the Ogeechee
river, embracing approximately one hundred and twenty-six acres.
The Central of Georgia Railway advanced to the city $39,-
000.00 to pay for the physical work required for diverting the
- flow from Musgrove Creek into the Ogeechee Canal. All of the
work done by this office with hired labor, and all of the work
proposed to be done to carry out the improvement was accomplished with the funds given the city so that this improvement
did not cost the city one cent, and brought about a highly desirable improvement as to sanitary and health conditions, and is in
every way to be considered one of the best improvements that
the city has made in recent yars.
The actual work done donsisted of the removal of approximately 75,000 cubic yards of material at a cost of approximately
30 cents per cubic yard, making a total cost of $22,500.00.
The. cost of the concrete and steel flood gate was approximately $12,000.00; of the reinforced concrete bridge at Louisville Road $5,500.00, other miscellaneous work was done costing approximately $700.00, and there remained unexpended at
the end of the year approximately $300.00, which will be used in
strengthening the bridge abutments at Bay street.
Since the diversion of the flow from Musgrove Creek to
Ogeechee Canal, the Ocean Steamship Company have completely
filled in the bed of the old Musgrove Creek Canal through its
property with material dredged from its new slip.
This work permitted of the abandonment of one of the city's
bridges across the Musgrove Creek at Bay street, which bridge
284 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
would have had to have been replaced with a concrete structure
this year had not this work been done.
The old flood gate in Musgrove Creek would have had to
have been rebuilt if the diversion of the flow from Musgrove
Creek had not been made, so that the city escaped an expenditure
of not less than $12,000.00 or $13,000.00 by having had this improvement made at this time.
It may become necessary, and it is expected with the steady
growth of the city that a surface water supply will eventually
have to be resorted to give an ample supply of water to the city,
and the right of way now obtained to the Ogeechee River may
become a valuable asset to the city for a water conduit from the
river should the water supply be taken from this source.
ENGINEERING AND SURVEYING: All surveys and map work,
both for general improvements and routine work was under the
immediate charge of Mr. W. O'D. Rockwell, assistant chief engineer, who keeps a well defined system of all records and a complete filing and index system of maps and drawings.
Last year was a very busy year for this department, on account of the rapid progress of the construction of the extension
of storm water and sanitary sewerage system, the rehabilitation
of the Ogeechee Canal with work of construction incident to
same. Besides the necessary work done in connection with giving locations, grades, all the sewer work and other extraordinary
improvements, the following work was done:
Survey of lots for private parties_______________ 366
Plats made of the above lots for private parties______ 216
Measurements of street pavements for assessment rolls__ 9
Miscellaneous measurements and surveys_________ 222
Grades and lines for curbing, grading and miscellaneous
purposes ____ 115
Levels taken for miscellaneous purposes___ 6
Profiles for street grades, etc.____________ 9
Street lines given during the year_,_____ 302
Grades and lines given for sidewalks_________ 102
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 285
Estimates prepared for street paving, grading, etc._____ 50
Maps and plats of lots____________L ____________ 13
Maps and plats of streets____________________ 10
Maps and plats miscellaneous_________________ 25
Tracing of lots_________________________ 21
Tracing miscellaneous_____________________ 64
Blue prints____________________________ 500
Miscellaneous reports, etc.___________________ 25
The amount paid to the city for surveys made by this department was $1,085.00. A tabulation of the land acquired for opening streets for drainage rights of ways and for other purposes was
given in the paragraph upon outlays for opening streets and
city lots.
There was no land sold during the year.
MISCELLANEOUS OFFICE WORK: A careful record is kept
of all permits issued, and the following tabulation gives the number issued and for what purposes:
House Drainage Connections_________________ 139
Water Connections _____________________ 551
Cleaning Sanitary Sewers._____________ 536
Cleaning Storm Sewers_____________________ 148
Cement Sidewalks ______________________ 210
Building Space ___________-__________ 105
Electric Signs __________________________ 39
Gasoline Tanks ___:____________________ 27
Trees Removed _________________________ 54
WESTERN UNION TELEGRAPH CO.
Repairs to underground conduit________________ 1
POSTAL TELEGRAPH COMPANY
"Poles set _____________________________ 8
Poles removed _________________________ I
SAVANNAH GAS COMPANY
Repairs to conduit ______________________ 277
286 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
SAVANNAH LIGHTING COMPANY
Poles set _________________________ 112
Poles replaced ________________ 19
Conduits repairs _______________ 5
SAVANNAH ELECTRIC COMPANY
Repairs to conduit__________________ 10
Repairs to tracks________________________ 32
Metal poles ___1____________ 12
Wooden poles set ________________________ 297
Wooden poles removed _____________________ 218
Total ___________________________2801
The number of permits issued for 1914 was 1,084, showing
that a very great increased number were isssued in 1915 over
1914.
BOARD OF PURCHASE: The Board of Purchase was organized two years ago.
While a considerable saving resulted from the new method
of purchasing supplies during the first year of its existence, the
benefit of the new method of purchasing supplies has been more
apparent during the fiscal year 1915 than it was the preceding
year.
It took some time for the various departments to become
accustomed to the new method of making purchases, and in some
instances the full appreciation of this method of handling this
branch of the city's business was not at first appreciated by some
of the merchants, however, the method adopted is now understood by all the departments, merchants and dealers, and they
realize the fact that open competition is invited, with the result
that close competitive bidding usually takes place whenever proposals for material or equipment are invited.
The actual saving by obtaining satisfactory prices, is not
by any means the total saving resulting by this modern method of
making purchases. The control of making requisitions and fol-
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 287
lowing up the orders of the various departments results in unnecessary buying; also standardizing such articles for the various departments as is practical, results in a decided saving to
the city over the old system of each department buying independently as they liked.
Below is a report of the Secretary of the Board of Purchase,
giving in brief the action of the Board during 1915:
CITY OF SAVANNAH, GEORGIA.
OFFICE OF THE BOARD OF PURCHASE.
SAVANNAH, GA., February 19, 1916.
MR. E. R. CoNANTj Purchasing Officer,
Board of Purchase, City.
DEAR SIR:
With the close of the year 1915, two years have elapsed
since the Board of Purchase for the municipal government was
organized.
During the year 1914 the Board purchased all supplies that
amounted in the aggregate to over $100.00, and the regular daily
purchases were made by the various departments of the city.
In January, 1915; a new rule was established by the Board,
which placed the buying of all supplies on a more systematic
basis.
The requisitions for supplies are now all presented to the
Secretary of the Board, and in turn, an order is. issued after the
requisition is carefully scrutinized by him. AH requisitions for
supplies that would exceed $100.00, or that require a resolution
of Council are acted upon by the Board of Purchase, prior to the
issuing of orders.
During the past year I issued over five thousand orders, and
checked all bills presented against these orders, signing same
before they were forwarded for a re-check by the Comptroller.
By having requisitions presented for all supplies required by
the various departments to the Secretary, the merchants of the
288 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT

city are given an equal chance to compete for business, and the
city's purchases are distributed more evenly to all.
I have made an earnest endeavor to effect a saving in the
purchasing of supplies wherever possible, and can say frankly
that the citizens and taxpayers have benefited immeasurably by
the system of purchasing now in vogue.
It is impossible to accurately estimate the saving to the city,
resulting from the installation of the Board, due to the fact that
in prior years there was no correct method of statistical accounting used, and for further reason that the purchasing of supplies are increasing with the growth of the city departments.
However, it may be confidently stated that without the Board of
Purchase the expenses of the city would have been several thousand dollars greater than they actually have been.
On account of the European War, prices on various materials have rapidly advanced, this being especially the case in
drug supplies for the city dispensary. In this connection, I am
glad to report that I was enabled to effect a saving at one time
of $150.00 on the purchase of quinine.
I have now installed an up-to-date system of filing, and the
records of the office of the Board of Purchase are up to date.
In conclusion I want to extend my thanks to the members
of the Board for the many kindnesses shown me, and at the same
time wish to commend the office of the Comptroller for valuable
assistance rendered to the Board.
Yours very truly,
H. J. NORTON,
Secretary Board of Purchase.
INVENTORY OF PROPERTY UNDER MY CHARGE: At the end of
the fiscal year a very careful inventory was taken of all of the
stock of expendable material, supplies, equipment and tools. To
publish a complete list of same would necessarily lengthen this
report.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 289
A summary of the principal items together with the value of
same is given below:
Horses ____________ 23
Mules __________________ 120
Wagons, Carts and Buggies, 1-Horse
Carts ________________ 60
Scavenger Wagons _________- 38
Miscellaneous Wagons ___ 13
Buggies ____________ 9
Harness, sets ______________ 103
Building city lots ___________
EQUIPMENT
Water Sprinklers ____________ 3
Steam Rollers _________._____ 3
Portable Derricks ___________ 1
Pipe Testing Machines _________ 1
Concrete Mixers ____________ 2
Crushers with motor __________ I
Machine Sweepers ___________ 3
Mowing Machines ____________ 2
Earth Sweepers _____________ 19
Precision Instruments, Incinerator __
Spare parts for Incinerator___________
Squegee Sweepers ___________ 1
Miscellaneous Equipment ____________
Sundry Tools and Small Implements_
Automobiles _______________ 3
Expendable Material (including paving
material, sewer pipe, paints, oils,
etc. __________________________
Engineering and Surveying Instruments ________________________
Total _______________________
VALUE
$ 9,000.00
1,500.00
12,000.00
600.00
2,500.00
1,200.00'
700.00
1,000.00
300.00
600.00
100.00
200.00
700.00
1,500.00
800.00
1,400.00
1,500.00
1,200.00
6,500.00
900.00
$44,450.00
290 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
A comparison of the inventory taken at the end of 1915, with
the inventory taken the previous year, and allowing for the purchase of articles during the year 1915, shows very little loss of
small articles during the year, in fact, the loss entailed would
hardly warrant a complicated system of keeping track of tools
furnished the hands, as the cost of such would be equal or
greater than the value of the tools lost during the year.
SPECIAL WORK
WATER WORKS : During the latter part of 1914 and the early
part of 1915, analyses of Savannah's water supply made by representatives of the United States Public Service developed the
fact that the character of the water was not entirely satisfactory,
in fact, the water failed to comply with the standard set by the
Government for drinking water for use on railroads, which covered interstate traffic.
The contamination of the water was not at any time exces-
sive, but it was well that the contamination was discovered before it did become serious, and before it became a menace to the
health of the city.
The operation of the water department has never been nor
is it now under the control of this office, but I was asked in August to make a thorough investigation of the physical condition
of the water works system, and ascertain if possible, the cause
or causes of the contamination.
This investigation disclosed a bad break in the main brick
conduit connecting the wells on Stiles avenue with the Gwinnett
Street Pumping Station.
Eliminating the section of the broken conduit by constructing a by-pass over this section and doing other work that will be
noted below, the temporary contamination of the water ceased
and the supply became normal.
At my recommendation Prof. Geo. C- Whipple, an expert
sanitary engineer was employed to thoroughly examine the water
situation and was asked to make recommendations, and a full detail report covering his investigation has beenx submitted to
Council.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 291
Mr. R. B. Dole, geologist, and Mr. L. W. Stephenson, chemist, were detailed by the Director of the Geological Survey, upon
request of the city, to study the ground water supply of Savannah,
with special reference to its sanitary condition. A very complete
and valuable report was submitted thereon to the Mayor and Aldermen on July 29, and another supplementary report on December 30, 1915. This investigation was done without any expense to the city.
I have studied these reports, and have made a special study
of what is required to extend the water supply, and have obtained from many manufacturers of air lifts and individual pumping systems tentative estimates for increasing our supply, and
my report has been submitted to you giving recommendations for
the water works extension and rehabilitation.
The physical work that was done under my supervision,
was, as stated above, the elimination of the brick conduit by constructing bulkheads in same and constructing a cast iron pipe by
pass around the section that was cut out. All of the well heads
and flange connections on the twelve wells on Gwinnett street
were uncovered, examined and brick housing put around each
with wooden covers. That portion of the brick conduit between
wells Nos. 7 and 12 was thoroughly cleaned, pet cocks were put
on the wells, the air lift system examined, tests were made of the
capacity of the pumps and the air lift system.
While the water was contaminated a Hypo Chlorine apparatus was installed at the Gwinnett Street Station and also at
the River Station. This apparatus at the Gwinnett Street Station
was later changed to a liquid chlorine treatment apparatus. The
pump well, and the overflow ell outside of the building was covered. The open reservoir, 70 feet in diameter, at the River Station was covered with sheet metal, after constructing necessary
frame for same, and other detail work was done, which is mentioned in my report to the Mayor and Aldermen. This work was
done with the co-operation of Mr. Figg, Superintendent of the
Water Works. The amount of expenditures made upon the work
carried out under my supervision was approximately $8,000.00.
292 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
My recommendations consist of increasing the reservoir
capacity, by building a reservoir of 2,000,000,000 gallons at Gwinnett street, installing a new air lift system at same plant, which
with a new air compressor will bring about greater economy and
greater efficiency in obtaining water from the aquifer with the
construction of a new cast iron conduit leading from the wells
to the reservoir and so constructed that a gravity flow of water
can be obtained from the well heads tc the reservoir; which permits this conduit to be built near the surface of the ground.
Further, as funds permit the installation of a new pump, the driving of additional wells, which when done, will result in the elimination of the River Station. At present the cost of pumping at
the River Station is about $37.00 per million gallons pumped.
The same amount of water can be pumped at the Gwinnett Street
Station at a cost of less than $12.00 per million gallons; thus by
the extension of the water supply at the Gwinnett Street Station,
considerable saving will ensue to the city.
Besides the above many minor changes are dwelt upon in
the report.
In closing my report I wish to briefly refer to the interest
taken by the superintendents and assistants during the year.
To each of my superintendents, Mr. G. W. Alien, Mr. L. A.
East, and Mr. J. H. Heery, is due much credit for the marked
improvement as regards the efficiency and good management of
the work directly in charge under each of them during this year.
I was particularly fortunate in obtaining the services of
educated, and in most instances, experienced engineers for the
inspection of the large drainage work and the supervision of the
work was at all times thorough and carried on in a satisfactory
manner.
Regular inspectors who looked after service cuts, sidewalks,
etc., applied themselves diligently to their work and a very
marked improvement is noticed in the care which plumbers and
others exercise in getting out necessary permits and in complying
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 293
with the regulations as to openings in streets for sewer and
water connections.
The undesirable element of the general working force have
been pretty well culled out. To be sure, there is an unfortunate
class of labor employed in cleaning the streets, which are more
visible to the taxpayer and public than the working force upon
other improvements, and it is asked that due allowance be made
for this type of employees, many of whom have served the city
for a long period of time, are well along in years and many are
partially incapacitated or wholly unfit for hard labor.

ANNUAL REPORT
OP THE
WATERWORKS
DEPARTMENT
OF THE
CITY OF SAVANNAH
FOR THE YEAR ENDING
DECEMBER 31
1915
J. P. FIGG
SUPERINTENDENT nd
ENGINEER

WATER DEPARTMENT
COMMITTEE ON WATER
JOHN E. FOY, Chairman
GEO. p. ELTON H. L. KAYTON
JOSEPH P. FIGG _________ Superintendent and Engineer
THOMAS J. SHEFTALL _______________ Chief Clerk
WM. P. RIDLE ______ Foreman Extension and Repair Work
ROBT. T. RUSSELL_/lssf. Foreman Extension and Repair Work
SAMUEL COOLEY__- __________ Chief Water Inspector
LAWRENCE P. CONE
CHAS. B. PATTERSON _
EUGENE W. SIKES ____
WM. BARNWELL
_,, .., FELIX
WM. G. COOPER ____
WM. T. SMITH ______
ROBERT C. FETZER _
GEORGE R. SMALL ________ Meter Reader and Repairer
THOMAS J. McELLINN _________ Turncock and Plumber
THOMAS J. REID, first assistant __ ^ _ . ., . 0,
cr Awrus D niTAD-rcoMAivT { Engineers Gmnnett St FLAVOR B. QUARfERMAN, engineer V n . _, ,. irtuxr t> orr? CD f Pumping Station JOHN B. SITLER, engineer _____ . I
BLAKE M. COOPER ___________ \ Compressor Oilers
WM. F. BOYLSTON ________ ___ I Gmnnett Street
WM. J. KELLY ___________ ' ___ J Pumping Station
JOHN M.THEE
J
'MENDEr~"_i"_i".""r_7_7_ir_"_-i ^ water insPectrs
c< ,
LEVI A. STANFIELD____________. Street J. ROY BEVILLE_ Pumpmg Statln
JACOB LASKY ________________________ Florist
SIFLEY F. COOK, first assistant __ 1 . ^TIO i- wriiiio - ( engineers CHAS. E. WILLIAMS, engineer ___ V n . . 0. .. /^UAO M M DOIIAC [ River Pumping Station CHAS. M. McBRIDE, engineer ___ J
JOHN W. GAILLARD ________ ) ..
JOHN C. GARWES _________ . I D . _ . ^ t.
JOHN FLATHMAN_______________ ) ^er Pumping Station
REPORT OF WATERWORKS DEPARTMENT
SAVANNAH, GA., January 1, 1916.
Hon. W. J. PIERPONT, Mayor.
DEAR SIR :I have the honor herewith to submit the annual
report of the Waterworks Department for the year ending December 31, 1915, including operation, expenditures and additions
to system during that period.
OPERATION
The physical condition of the department during the past year
has been satisfactory and operation safe. A noticeable exception
however being a report of the contamination of water supply
made by Dr. Joseph R. Ridlon, of U. S. Marine Hospital Service.
This report was considered by the Committee on Water, and referred by them to the Health Department for investigation and
correction, a full report of which will doubtless be included in
the report of that department.
ACCOUNTS
The accounts on water have been handled during the year by
this department and a satisfactory increase of receipts noted.
By re-arrangement of accounting system, effective January 1,
1916., these accounts have been placed under the supervision of
the Comptroller.
OPERATING EXPENSES
General Expenses
Superintendent ____________________$ 2,000.00
Salaries of office clerks________________ 3,255.83
Inspection salaries ___________________ 7,963.49
Office expenses and supplies_____________ 61.20
Printing and stationery ________________ 227.60
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 299
Postage, telephone and telegraph __________ 231.00
Insurance ________________________ 271.40
Surety bond premiums ___________ 6.40
Total ______________________$ 14,016.92
Operation Gwinnett Street Pumping Station
Fuel ___________________________$ 12,734.23
Fuel handling _____________________ 233.03
Lubricants and waste ___________________ 860.35
Wages __________________________ 13,844.74
Other expenses ____________________ 62.17
Steam furnished by incinerator_______i___ 3,655.00
Total _______________________$ 31,389.52
Operation River Pumping Station
Fuel ___________________________$ 5,549.97
Lubricants and waste _________________ 195.24
Wages _____________________ 8,777.75
Other expenses ____________________ 141.15
Total ___________________$ 14,664.11
Maintenance Gwinnett Street Pumping Station
Wages ________________________$ 11.00
Material ________________________ 1,838.89
Total ___________________$ 1,849.89
Maintenance River Pumping Station
Material _________________________$ 436.26
Total ___$ 436.26
300 MAYOR'S A\TXUAL REPORT
Maintenance Distribution System
Wages __________________________$ 3,709.30
Material 26.70
Total _______________________$ 3,736.00
*
Miscellaneous Expense
Tools, Repair and Replacements ___________$ 17.10
Care of Live Stock ___________________ 520.61
Travelling _________________________ 100.00
Meter Service Expenses _______________ 1,091.80
Maintenance Vehicle Equipment ___________ 141.77
Plumbing & Turncock Expenses ________ _ 1,147.40
Furniture & FixturesRepairs & Replacements __ 34.74
Motor VehicleOperation __________. 4.65
Motor VehicleMaintenance _____________ 2.50
Total _______________________$ 3,060.57
A utomobile
Automobile __^_____________________$ 500.00
Total _______________________$ 500.00
Miscellaneous Items
Wells, Conduit and Reservoir ____________$ 8,937.22
Liquid Chlorine Apparatus _______-- 600.00
Total _______________________$ 9,537.22
Grand Total __________________$ 79,190.49
Outlays
ExtensionsDistribution System __________$ 9,957.84
Total _. -_____________________$ 9,957.84
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 301
NOTEAmount of $9,537.22 appearing in report under miscellaneous items was expended under direction of Mr. E. R.
Conant, Chief Engineer and Dr. W. F. Brunner, Health Officer,
on account of water contamination and improvements to reservoir, conduit and wells at Gwinnett Street and River Stations.
APPROPRIATIONS AND DISBURSEMENTS
Amount Appropriated for
Operating Expenses __________________$ 69,000.00
Extensions of Mains __________________ 9,537.22
Total _______________________$ 78,537.22
Amount Disbursed for
Operating Expenses __________________$ 69,153.27
Miscellaneous Items __________________ 9,537.22
Automobile _______________________ 500.00
Extension of Mains ___________________ 9,957.84
Total _______________________$ 89,148.33
RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES
Total Receipts for the Year 1915____________$148,334.63
Total Expenditures ___________________ 78,090.49
Net Revenue __________________$ 70,244.14
THE TOTAL PUMPAGE FOR GWINNETT STREET
AND RIVER PUMPING STATIONS
IS AS FOLLOWS:
GALLONS
Gwinnett Street Station ______________ 3,333,449,750
Daily Average ________________ 9,132,739
River Station ___________________ 448,253,670
Daily Average _________________ 1,228,092
302 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
Total Gwinnett St. and River Stations_____ 3,781,703,420
Total Daily Average (Both Stations) ____ 10,360.831
COAL CONSUMPTION
TONS
Gwinnett St. Station ____________________3,590.3
Daily Average ________________________ 9.8
River Station _________________________1,428.3
Daily Average _____________________________ 3.9
Total Consumption (Both Stations) _____:_____5,018.6
Daily Consumption (Both Stations) ____________ 13.7
EXTENSIONS OF MAINS
LOCATION SIZE IN FT. IN.
Park Ave. from Stiles Ave. to S. A. L. Shops_____2896 8
Maupas Ave. from East Broad St. to Paulsen _____1632 6
Ogeechee Canal West Side from Bryan St. to Crawford's Pickery ____________________1488 6
41st. St. from Price St. to Atlantic Ave. ________1464 6
37th. St. from Price St. to Reynolds _________1044 6
Ohio Ave. from Louisiana Ave. to New York Ave._1128 6
46th. St. from Bull St. to A. C. L. Rd. ________ 600 6
Price St. from 37th. St. to 38th. St. __________ 444 6
38th. St. from East Broad St. to Reynolds _______ 432 6
Total ________________________11,128
Total Miles of Mains, 88 Miles and 1138 Feet.
FIRE HYDRANTS PLACED
Northwest Corner Price Street and Seiler Avenue.
North 37th Street East of Price Street.
Northeast Corner 37th Street and East Broad Street.
Northeast Corner 37th Street and Reynolds Street.
Northeast Corner Maupas Avenue and Reynolds Street.
North Maupas Avenue East of Reynolds Street.
Northeast Corner Maupas Avenue and Atlantic Avenue.
North Maupas Avenue East of Atlantic Avenue.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 203
Northeast Corner Maupas Avenue and Paulsen Street.
North 46th Street West of Bull Street.
North 41st Street East of Price Street.
Northeast Corner 41st Street and East Broad Street.
Northeast Corner 41st Street and Reynolds Street.
Northwest Corner Park Avenue and Stiles Avenue.
North Park Avenue and Johnson Street.
Southwest Corner Park Avenue and Chapman Avenue.
Northwest Corner Ohio Avenue and Alabama Avenue^
West Side Ogeechee Canal (Tison's Stables).
West Side Ogeechee Canal (Crawford's Pickery).
Northwest Corner 36th Street and Paulsen Street.
Northwest Corner 35th Street and Paulsen Street.
FIRE HYDRANTS REPLACED
Northeast Corner Florence Street and 40th Street.
Northeast Corner Bay Street and Ann Street.
North Bay Street East of Farm.
Southwest Corner 39th Street and West Broad Street.
South Harris Street West of West Broad Street.
Grass Plat Barnard Street and Liberty Street.
Northeast Corner West Broad Street and Gaston Street.
Northwest Corner West Boundary Street and Bay Street.
Southeast Corner Gwinnett Street and Magnolia Street.
North Henry Street at Subway.
Northeast Corner Florence and 42nd Street.
Southwest Corner Park Avenue and Barnard Street,
Total to DateEight Hundred and Twenty-One.
NEW VALVES PLACED
Location SIZE IN INCHES
Price and 38th Streets, North Side of 38th Street______ 6
37th and East Broad Streets, West Side of East Broad Street. 6
Maupas and Atlantic Avenues, East Side of Atlantic Avenue 6
Maupas and Atlantic Avenues, West Side of Atlantic Avenue 6
Maupas Ave. and East Broad St., West Side of East Broad St. 6
304 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
SIZE IN INCHES
46th and Bull Streets, West Side of Bull Street_______ 6
38th and East Broad Streets, West Side of East Broad___ 6
41st Street and Atlantic Avenue, West Side Atlantic Avenue. 6
41st and East Broad Streets, West Side of East Broad Street.. 6
Ogeechee Canal and Bryan Street, West Side of Bryan Street 6
Ohio and Louisiana Avenues, South Side of Louisiana Ave._ 6
Park and Stiles Avenues, West Side of Stiles Avenue____ 8
Park Avenue and S. A. L. Shops________________ 8
Park Avenue and West Broad Street, E. Side of W. Broad St. 6
FIRE CONNECTIONS PLACED
Location SIZE IN INCHES
Ocean Steamship Co.________________New Slip 4
Frank & Co. ______________217 West Broad Street 6
U. S. Custom House___Southeast Corner Bull & Bay Sts. 2
Crawford & Co.___Hull St. West Side Ogeechee Canal 6
WATER METERS PLACED
Thirty-one new meters have been placed during the year,
making a total in service of two hundred and seventy-four.
MISCELLANEOUS
Broken Mains Repaired _______: ______________ 7
New Valve Boxes Placed _______________ __ 54
Water Shut Off for Leaks _________________ 520
Water Meters Tested and Repaired ___________ 58
Leaks Reported _____________1________ 21,549
Inspections Made _______________________204,902
Re-Inspections _________________________ 23,602
Cesspools Inspected __________________________ 750
Cesspools Repaired ________ 150
Gas Meters Tested _____________________ 10
Leaks Mains Caulked _______________ 25
New Taps Placed ______________________ 242
Valves Packed __________________-____ 100
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 305
Water Shut Off for City Taxes ______________ 13
Water Turned On _______________________ 10
New Nozzles in Fire Hydrants ____________ 6
Taps Placed in Wells, River Station ____________ 13
Water Services Transferred ________________ 46
Valves Replaced ____-_____________ 2
Drinking Fountains Placed ________________ 5
Fire Hydrants Location Changed ____ _________ 4
Mains Lowered (24-inch Bryan St. & Ogeechee Canal) _ 1
Fixtures Inspected _____________________ 850
Fixtures Inspected for Leaks _______________. 78
Water Turned Off for Leaks _______________ 64
Water Turned Off by Request ______________ 50
House Drainage Tanks Inspected _____________ 632
House Drainage Tanks Adjusted _______ 62
Removed (Six-inch Main Paulsen St. from 34th to 36th.
528 feet and replaced on acount of Drainage)___ 1
Removed (Four-inch main, Henry St. & Waters Ave.) _ 1
Removed (12-16-20-inch main, Indian Lane & Canal) _ 3
324 feet (24-inch main, Stiles Ave. By-Pass)_____ 1
AH valves and hydrants have been cleaned and packed when
necessary.
PUMPS, COMPRESSORS AND BOILERS
The pumps, compressors and boilers at both stations are in
good condition. Boiler Number 5 at Gwinnett Street was retubed and boilers Numbers 4 and 6 at same station were partially retubed on report of Boiler Inspector.
BUILDINGS AND GROUNDS
Main buildings at both stations are in good condition. Beg
to report stable and oil house at Gwinnett Street in bad order
and should be replaced by new structure; also beg to advise the
need of a stock and tool room at Gwinnett Street. Grounds are
in good condition as far as possible to keep them, constant hauling from destructor renders them unsightly.
306 MAYOR'S AXN'UAL REPORT
i
WELLS
Our well supply in my judgment is adequate for all present
and immediate needs, under test made during the past year,
Gwinnett Street wells gave a yield of approximately 16,000,000
gallons, wells at River Station yielded 6,000,000 gallons, making
a total of 22,000,000 gallons for all purposes. Our daily pumpage for the past year was 10,360,831 gallons, showing thereby a
reserve supply approximately 12,000,000 gallons.
On account of contamination previously referred to in my
report, eight hundred feet of water conduit at River Pumping
Station was abandoned by direction of Health Officer and wells
Numbers 4, 21, 22, 23, 24 and 25 discontinued and concreted to
a depth of one hundred feet.
In order to augment supply wells Numbers 8, 11, 12 and 14,
which were not in service were made available, thereby restoring
supply to within 1,000,000 gallons of previous yield.
RECOMMENDATIONS
Would recommend that permanent roadway be constructed
at Gwinnett Street Station to accommodate hauling of destructor refuse.
Beg to call His Honor's attention to my report of the year
1913 in reference to purchase of an additional pump, preferably
a 15,000,000 gallon for Gwinnett Street Station to which I now
suggest the necessity of an additional Air Compressor. These
services are necessary and I would respectfully urge consideration.
In conclusion, I wish to thank His Honor, the Board of
Aldermen, and the employes of the department for their cooperation in the successful management of the department for
the past year.
Very respectfully,
J. P. FIGG,
Superintendent and Engineer.
ANNUAL REPORT
OF THE
PARK AND TREE
COMMISSION
OF THE
CITY OF SAVANNAH
FOR THE YEAR ENDING
DECEMBER 31 -
1915
P. D. DAFFIN
CHAIRMAN

PARK AND TREE COMMISSION
CHARLES S. ELLIS______Term Expires January 1, 1916
PHILIP D. DAFFIN ______Term Expires January 1, 1918
ISAIAH A. SOLOMONS ____Term Expires January I, 1918
THOMAS H. McMILLAN ___Term Expires January 1, 1920
ROBERT M. BUTLER _____Term Expires January 1, 1920
Chairman
PHILIP D. DAFFIN
V ice-Chairman
CHARLES S. ELLIS
Secretary
ISAIAH A. SOLOMONS
Superintendent
WILLIAM H. ROBERTSON
Foreman
WILLIAM J. LOVE
Keeper Laurel Grove Cemetery (White Portion)
A. B. LAROCHE
Keeper Bonaventure Cemetery (White)
J. T. McCORMICK
Keeper Laurel Grove Cemetery (Colored Portion)
HENRY WILLIS
REPORT OF THE PARK AND TREE
COMMISSION
SAVANNAH, GA., January 1, 1916.
HON. W. J. PIERPONT, Mayor,
City.
Sir:
In accordance with Section 6 of an Act of the Legislature
of the State of Georgia, approved November 30, 1895, to create
and organize a Park and Tree Commission for the City of Savannah, the Commissioners have the honor to submit this report of
their doings for the past year:
OUR PUBLIC GROUNDS
ACRES
Forsyth Park _________________________ 10.
Forsyth Extension ______________________ 21.
Colonial Park _________________________ 6.6
Twenty-five Squares ____________________ 21.8
Oglethorpe Green ______________________ 3.44
Liberty Street Green ____________________ 2.18
Dasher Park _________________________ .16
Thomas Park _________________________ 2.
Wells Square _______________________:_ 1.4
Emmet Park ________________________ 4.75
Myers Park __________________________ 1.56
Cann Park _________________________:__ 2.18
Dixon Park __________________________ 1.29
Grayson Park _______________ 1.75
Daffin Park __________________________ 80.40
Park in Southville Ward (not named) __________ .17
Tiedeman Park ________________________ 2.75
McCauley Park ________________________ 1.2
Solomons Park _:_________________=._____ 1.2
Theus Park _________________________ 1.2
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 311
ACRES
Baldwin Park _____
Guckenheimer Park
Entelman Park __.
Kavanaugh Park ___
Vetsburg Park _____
Lattirnore Park __.
Gaudry Park ______
Adams Park _______
Total ___________________________ 175.43
Total area of Parks and Squares _____________ 175.43
Laurel Grove Cemetery (White, 57.1; Colored, 60.8)__ 117.9
Bonaventure Cemetery __________________ 99.69
Total area of our public grounds __________ 393.02
FINANCIAL STATEMENT
PARKS AND SQUARES
There was appropriated ________________$ 14,250.00
There was expended _________________ 14,250.00
TREE PLANTING
There was appropriated ________________$ 1,000.00
There was expended __________________ 999.95
Balance unexpended ______________$ .05
BONAVENTURE CEMETERY
There was appropriated ________________$ 6,750.00
There was expended _________________ 6,750.00
LAUREL GROVE CEMETERY
There was appropriated _______________$ 6,250.00
There was expended _______._________ 6,250.00
312 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
DAFFIN PARK
There was appropriated _______________$ 500.00
There was expended _________________ 500.00
Special Appropriation Bonaventure Cemetery
Artesian Wells and Water Mains
There was appropriated _______________$ 500.00
There was expended _________________ 500.00
Special Appropriation Artificial Stone Walks
Forsyth Park (Expended by Chief Engineer)
There was appropriated _______________$ 780.00
There was expended _________________ 781.92
Appropriation overdrawn ___________$ 1.92
Special Appropriation Laurel Grove Cemetery
Repairing Keeper's Residence
There was appropriated ________________$ 300.00
There was expended _________________ 300.00
Special Appropriation Laurel Grove Cemetery
Repairing Greenhouse
There was appropriated __._______$ 150.00
There was expended ____ 149.98
Balance unexpended _________$ .02
*
Special AppropriationColonial ParkRepairing Vaults and Tombs
There was appropriated $ 300.00
There was expended _________________ 299.98
Balance unexpended __________$ .02
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 313
BONAVENTURE CEMETERY
Receipts
Received from sale of lots ______________$ 2,424.80
Received from burial fees _______________ 762.50
Received from care of lots _____________ 3,341.72
Received from water rents _______________ 967.44
Received from miscellaneous work _________ 1,359.77
Received from fees for deeds to lots ________ 52.00
Total amount paid to City Treasurer_____$ 8,908.23
i
LAUREL GROVE CEMETERY
Receipts
Received from sale of lots, white __________$ 710.37
Received from burial fees, white__________ 1,575.00
Received from sale of lots, colored ________ 539.15
Total amount paid to City Treasurer _____$ 2,824.52
FORSYTH PARK
The regular routine work was carried on as usual.
We placed many new benches, also repaired and painted
all others in this park.
While on the subject of benches, feel that it is only right
and proper to state that the wanton destruction of them still
continues and certainly some'steps should be taken to protect
the property of the City from vandals. Although the benches
are placed in their proper positions and anchored down, still
they are moved from their original positions to such other parts
of the park as best suits the person or persons who may wish
to use them and many times they are mutilated and destroyed,
surely they should be protected for those who wish to use them
properly. We earnestly hope that Your Honor will take cognizance of this matter and issue the necessary instructions
covering it.
314 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
The walks have been edged and the gra$s kept mowed and
in good condition.
The fountain and fence have been repaired and painted
and now present a most beautiful appearance.
Through the courtesy of Messrs. John Rourke and Sons and
The Savannah Press, we now have two iron tablets bearing the
following legion regarding the fountain, one of these plates
being on the fence facing north and the other on the fence
facing south:
I This Fountain modeled after that in
the Place De La Concorde
Paris, France.
Was erected by the
City of Savannah
under a Resolution adopted by City Council
'March 4th, 1858.
Committee on Design
Mayor
Richard Wayne
Aldermen
George A. GordonN. B. Knapp.
We have rebuilt the large Wistaria arbor out of Red Cedar
and Cypress and it is both very artistic and attractive in design,
besides which it is exceedingly substantial and will be serviceable for a great many years to come. We have also planted additional Wistaria vines on it and they are making such splendid
growth that in a very short time the arbor although very large,
will be completely covered with this beautiful and graceful vine.
We set out a number of very large Cedar trees throughout
this park and are growing Wistaria on them.
The beds bordering on the Huntingdon Street walk have
been planted in Iris and same are making fine growth and will
be very attractive.
We have made a permanent planting around the fountain,
using what is known as a formal planting, having a lawn, a hedge
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 315
of Pittosporum varigata next to the basin coping and specimens
of Juniperus oblonga and Arbor vitae.
The entire park was planted in Italian Rye Grass and has
made a magnificent showing, giving the park the appearance of
perpetual spring.
We gave permission for the erection of two comfort stations
in this park, same to face Hall Street and one to be between
Bull and Drayton Streets and the other between Bull and Whitaker Streets but for some reason the said stations were never
erected.
We still have trouble with persons removing and destroying
plants and shrubs, so much so, that it hardly seems worth while
to expend money in that way. We trust, however, that that condition will improve so that we can carry out a comprehensive
plan that we have in mind for the improvement of this park.
There has been a certain amount of skating on the walks in
this park and while some effort Has been made to stop the practice, it has not entirely ceased and we ask that it be stopped
entirely as the walks were put there for the comfort of pedestrians and the skating takes away that comfort and safety to
which they are entitled, besides doing very material damage to
the walks themselves. While the Commission is always willing
that the children be given ample opportunity for legitimate play
and exercise, they are not willing that it should be done in a
manner that damages city property, aside from the fact that
they are using walks that were built entirely for pedestrians.
The Commission has had complaints from elderly persons stating
that they were actually afraid to walk on the walks provided for
them, because the skaters nearly run over them and many times
forcing them to walk on the grass to avoid being struck; now it
is all right to think of the children and to give them plenty of
wholesome pleasure but lets not forget the older persons, for
most certainly they are entitled to just lots and lots of consideration from the younger generations, so let us think a whole lot
about their comfort and pleasure, too, and try and make the last
days of their lives just as safe, pleasant and bright as we possibly can. You know that even children grow to be old some
316 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
day and then they will think how very strange it was that they
were not more thoughtful of their elders, so let us stop the
skating on the park walks and give them up entirely to pedestrians to whom they rightfully belong, especially to those who
have passed many of the milestones of life and perhaps have
only a few more miles to travel before they pass on into the
great beyond.
We have planted new trees.
We have removed the dead trees and trimmed others.
We have planted a number of beds in Hydrangeas and are
gradually getting away from the planting of annual and perishable plants and flowers and are going more extensively into the
planting of permanent shrubs and flowering plants, so that we
will always have something in bloom, no matter what season
is on.
Aside from the fact that .the caring for and planting of
tender and perishable plants is exceedingly expensive, the effect
is of such short duration, that the expense in our opinion is not
warranted and that is why we are discontinuing the practice.
The remaining Sphinx at the entrance to this park was so
badly crushed by a falling tree during a storm, that it could not
be repaired, so we have removed not only the remains of the
Sphinx but the brick pedestals on which they rested.
The Commission had been asking for an appropriation for
years and years to continue the laying of the concrete walks in
this park and were finally rewarded by an appropriation of
$780.00 for the laying of a walk from Gaston and Drayton
Streets to Hall and Whitaker Streets, this particular walk being
designated by City Council when appropriation was made, and
while this walk under the law comes specifically under the jurisdiction of the Park and Tree Commission, but as the resolution
making the appropriation available, stated that the work was
to be done under the supervision of the Chief Engineer and to
avoid friction we did not contest it but beg here to respectfully
request that in future all appropriations made for park work
or park improvements be made entirely under the control of the
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 317
Park and Tree Commission to meet the requirements set out by
law and for other reasons.
We beg here to state that the entire work of laying this
walk was performed by the Chief Engineer's Department and
under his supervision and the Park and Tree Commission had
nothing whatever to do with its actual construction and is in no
way responsible for any of the work performed on same, but for
its own information did make mental notes as the work progressed.
The total cost of this work was shown to be $781.92, as per
copies of vouchers submitted to us 'by the Chief Engineer's
Department.
We beg to respectfully call the attention of Your Honor to
the fact that we are very desirous of completing the concrete
walks in this park and beg to advise that the total cost as estimated by the Engineer's Department for the completion of all
walks is a little over $3,000.00, and we earnestly hope that you
will make a determined effort to allow an appropriation to cover
this very much needed work.
BULL STREET SQUARES
AH of these squares were planted in Italian Rye grass and
have been very much admired because of their striking green appearance during the winter months, when so much else is brown
and uninviting, and we trust that we may continue this planting,
for it adds so much to the attractiveness of our city.
We have kept the grass mowed, the walks edged and the
squares in good condition generally.
We have removed the dead trees and trimmed such other
trees as required it.
We have planted out the usual flower beds and same added
no little to the beauty of the squares.
We are still annoyed by the countless number of thoughtless
persons who continually throw waste paper and other rubbish in
these squares, instead of using the receptacles placed there to
receive it, and besides the cost of picking it up, there is another
318 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
and most important side, that of making the squares look dirty
and appearing unkept, and so we urge that some steps be taken
to stop this practice, for it need not obtain.
We are not wedded to the waste paper sack receptacle idea
and rather abhor them, but they were placed there as an experiment and we regret to report that the chief use made of them
seems to be only by the man who picks the paper up, he using
them for the dumping of his collections. It was our idea that if
the receptacle proved of value and the public used it for the
purpose for which it was intended, then receptacles of neater
and more substantial appearance would be installed to take their
places but up to this time we do not feel that the expenditure
would be warranted, still, if the public proves the contrary to us,
then we will most certainly do our part towards making them
more nearly fit in with the landscape.
Again we must .harp upon the unsightly paths made by the
unnecessary crossing of the grass plats in these squares, and it
does really seem that something could be done to stop this habit
of thoughtless persons, for it simply ruins the entire appearance
of the squares and no matter how well the balance of the square
might be kept up, still its beauty is marred by the paths made
across the other plats and we most earnestly ask that some steps
be taken at an early date to break up the practice, for it seems
that many of.our citizens are devoid of civic pride.
GREENHOUSE
We beg to respectfully advise that we have discontinued the
use of the Barnard Street Greenhouse for the purpose of housing
annual and tender foliage plants, as the greenhouse was in such
condition that it was impossible to properly take care of them
and as no answer was made to our continued request for an appropriation with which to repair it, and as the decay continued,
the greenhouse has gotten past the repair stage and would require rebuilding throughout, and so we transferred such of our
stock as we could to the greenhouse at Laurel Grove Cemetery
and are taking care of it there along with the plants used at the
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
said cemetery. It is our intention to use all material available
in the old Barnard Street Greenhouse for the extension of the
greenhouse at Laurel Grove Cemetery, thereby concentrating our
greenhouse department and decreasing the cost of heating and
the labor incident to the operation of the said greenhouse, which
in the end is bound to be more economical and efficient.
THOMAS PARK, WELLS SQUARE AND
DASHER PARK
THOMAS PARK. We have planted Italian Rye grass as usual.
The practice of skating still continues in this park and we
earnestly ask that it be stopped as the walks were placed there
for the use and same purpose as those in Forsyth Park and
pedestrians can not have any comfort whatever while such a
condition lasts and further these walks already have been very
much damaged by skating.
Trees and shrubbery were trimmed and shaped up and put
in good condition generally.
New benches were placed. The other benches were repaired and painted.
Although there is a police sub-station in this park, the removal and destruction of benches is something that should but
does not receive attention and a glance over this park will show
benches to be away from their original positions, and you will
find them lying in all sorts of conditions and in various stages of
destruction, and we sincerely hope that some drastic action, if
necessary, be taken to stop this uncalled for destruction of benches which have been placed there for the convenience and comfort
of our citizens and visitors alike.
It is indeed very discouraging and disheartening to say the
least, to continually have the property under your charge destroyed and thereby having to constantly spend money on repairs
and replacement, when that same money could be utilized in the
extension of the comforts which we are trying so hard to afford
the public.
320 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
It is with exceeding regret that we have to acknowledge
that we get no co-operation in the protection of the property
mentioned and trust that the coming year will bring that cooperation which we so much need.
We planted Crepe Myrtle hedges in this park as a part of a
scheme to beautify it and they have been trampled upon and
destroyed and it almost seems useless to attempt anything further
until some help is given us by their protection.
It is impossible to use the attractive fountain in this park
simply because the children who frequent the park will persist
in stopping up the water overflow and thereby causing it to run
over the coping and bring about discomfort to those persons who
use the walks around it. We deplore this condition, but it seems
very hard to overcome.
WELLS SQUARE. This square is still used as a public playground and it would be useless to attempt to make any definite
improvement in it.
The trees have received our attention but no other work has
been done.
It became necessary for us to remove a fair size house that
had been built in the forks of a large Live Oak tree on the
Montgomery Street side of this park, the said house having been
fastened to the tree with vary large spikes, which caused the
tree to be bruised and in time something serious might result
from this thoughtless act.
There is great need for the building of concrete walks in
this park as the present walks are worn out and are no longer
serviceable. In this connection beg to say that no walks of a
permanent nature were ever placed in this park.
We asked for an appropriation to construct this work but
same was not provided.
Permission was given the Playground Commission to erect a
flag pole in this square.
It became utterly impossible for us to keep benches in this
park as they were no sooner placed than some person or persons
would mutilate and destroy them, so the Commission much to its
regret decided that it would have to abandon the placing of
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 321
benches in this park until such time as it could be assured that
they would remain unmolested.
This condition set us to thinking and our superintendent investigated the methods pursued in other cities and found that
some had come to the conclusion that the construction of concrete benches was the solution, so both Boston, Mass., and the
Bronx, New York City, have begun the construction of these
benches and so far have found them to be entirely satisfactory,
so our superintendent recommended the construction and placing
of re-enforced concrete benches, with heavy wooden slats, these
benches to gradually take the place of all benches in our parks
but the expense of construction was heavy and that made it impossible for the Commission to undertake at that time but it is
our purpose to take this matter up during the coming year and
ask for a special appropriation to cover the cost of making this
type of bench, for while the initial cost is greater, they will be
lots cheaper in the long run and should last for a great many
years and give much better results.
Even the type of wooden bench which we have been using
would give very satisfactory results but for their destruction and
it just seems that there is no way to stop it.
DASHER PARK. This park received only routine care.
PARK AT ESTILL AVENUE AND BULL STREET
This park was transformed from an unsightly dumping
ground into a most attractive little park.
We have made a permanent planting of many different kinds
of shrubbery so that the park will present an attractive appearance at all seasons of the year. Also planted a large specimen
Live Oak tree in the center with Dogwood and Red Bud trees on
the front and side.
We also planted in Italian Rye grass so that it would be
pretty and green all winter.
322 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
SQUARES EAST AND WEST OF BULL STREET AND
NORTH OF GASTON STREET
All of these squares have received general care.
The grass has been mowed and kept in good condition.
The walks have been edged.
The waste paper and rubbish has been picked up and carted off.
The grass plats have been raked and kept clean.
Some of the squares are badly in need of new walks and we
trust that same will be given early consideration.
We graded and planted Telfair Square in Italian Rye Grass.
We replaced all of the dead Palmetto trees in these squares.
Bon fires should not be permitted in these squares under any
circumstances, as they cause injury not only to the grass but
also to the ground itself. An instance of why they should not
be allowed is best illustrated by the fact that a bon fire was built
around a palmetto tree in the square at Houston and McDonough
Streets and the tree was almost consumed.
We beg to call attention to the fact that in Franklin square,
one of the Palmetto trees had almost been girdled and the other
has had one side chipped off and initials cut into it.
The cutting across of the various grass plats in these squares
continues and we respectfully ask that it be stopped.
THE STRAND
We have replanted the Arbor Vitaes but owing to the abuse
of them have not had much success.
We have planted some flower beds and they added to the
general good appearance.
Hedges have been trimmed and kept in order.
We also planted Italian Rye Grass as has been our custom
for some years past.
The grass has been kept mowed and the walks edged.
Paper and rubbish has been picked up and removed.
Plants, flowers and grass have been watered and cared for.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 323
We beg to report that the Strand has been kept in excellent
condition throughout the year.
Again we have to complain of the cutting across of the various grass plats.
As no appropriation was made for the further improvement
of the Strand, none has been attempted, and that portion east of
the City Hall and lying directly in front of Factor's walk is still
an awful eyesore and should receive attention.
We built two iron arches over the entrances to the bridges
leading to Factor's walk and when covered with Privet, they will
add greatly to the general appearance of the Strand.
We desire to call attention to the skating on the walks on
the Strand and feel that the practice should be stopped, because
same is annoying to pedestrians and injurious to the walks and
then the skaters take a perfect delight in getting a good start
and then landing in the Arbor Vitae plants along the walkways,
which does them most serious injury and from which they never
fully recover.
Bamboo and othef plants on the Strand have been broken
and destroyed by vandals and although a standing reward of
$50.00 was offered by City Council in August, 1914, it has seemed to avail nothing and the practice continues; is there not something that will stop these things and enable us to keep a pretty,
attractive city without the hand of the despoiler always hanging
over us, ready to commit some act of vandalism or desecration.
COTTON EXCHANGE CIRCLE
This circle was planted in short staple cotton the past year
and presented a very unique appearance.
MYERS AND CANN PARKS
It seems very unfortunate that our many appeals to have
these parks curbed should go unanswered but we trust that
during the coming year this work will be done, because it is
hardly worth while to commence any improvement in a park
that has no defining lines from the streets around it.
324 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
This section is building up very rapidly and really the parks
are now needed.
Trees were planted in Myers Park a number of years ago
and they have made a good growth and with the addition of
curbing, concrete walks and benches, the appearance and usefulness of this park will be materially increased.
GRAYSON PARK
This park was very much improved during the past year.
The grass was kept mowed, walks scuffled and edged.
We planted .twelve exceedingly large Live Oak trees, these
trees being transplanted from 37th Street; where they were too
thick and therefore not needed.
We also planted a number of single specimen of Crepe
Myrtle and they are beginning to make a pretty showing and in
another year or two they will be very handsome shrubs.
We also set out eight clumps of Oleanders and they have
made splendid growth.
A number of miscellaneous shrubs were also set out in the
intersection of walks at the center of the park.
The fountain was cleaned out and repaired but the children
will persist in stopping up the waste and it has been impossible
to run it.
Four concrete urns were purchased by the residents around
this park and by permission of the Park and Tree Commission
were placed in this park and planted, adding much to its already
attractive appearance.
The Park and Tree Commission gave its consent for the erection of a police motorcycle sub-station in this park and hopes
that it will be a great benefit to the public at large and also to
the park itself.
The need of new walks in this park is very apparent and. we
trust that Council will see its way clear to grant an appropriation to cover the cost of their construction.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 325
DIXON PARK
Only general care was given this-park during the past year.
Trees were replaced, grass mowed, walks scuffled and edged.
New walks are very badly needed in this park and we hope
for an early appropriation for their construction.
GRASS PLATS
We graded the Bull Street grass plats south of Park Avenue
to Estill Avenue and planted them in Italian Rye Grass and they
made a marked contrast in appearance over what they were before we understood the work.
This is the character of work that we are so anxious to do
over the entire city but it is sometimes very slow and tedious
and requires both time and money.
No specific appropriation has ever been made to cover the
work of grading and reshaping the grass plats, except in one
instance, and that was one made some years ago to cover the
work on East and West Broad Streets.
Just a casual observation will show the great necessity for
this work and we do hope that Council will see its way clear to
give us some help in this direction, so that we can make our
streets more attractive by having the grass plats in proper shape
and we assure you that nothing will add more to the appearance
of the streets than grass plats to proper grade and then afterwards cared for.
While no specific appropriation has been made to cover this
work, still we have from time to time done miscellaneous filling
and grading and will continue to do as much as we can with the
limited means at our command.
.Most of the grass plats were either mowed or the weeds
and tall grass cut and removed.
The subject of obstructions and encroachments on grass
plats has become a very serious problem and the Commission
have come to the conclusion that it will be necessary to make
all persons remove encroachments and obstructions, as none
have obtained permission of the Park and Tree Commission to
326 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
place them there. We consider them exceedingly unsightly and
shall insist that they be removed without Unnecessary delay. In
this work we hope for your hearty co-operation and support.
TREES
During the past year we planted 590 trees and the following will show the variety and number of each:
Sweet Gums ______________ 402
Live Oaks __________________ 62
Dogwoods _________________ 43
Palmettos ________________ 31
Ironwoods ________________ 18
Red Oaks ________________ 16
Sugarberry _____________ 10
Magnolia_________________ 6
Sycamore _______________ 1
Camphor ________________ I
Total________________ 590
Trees were wired and otherwise cared for.
Again it becomes necessary to call the attention of Your
Honor to the necessity of making the appropriation for tree
planting available at the first meeting of City Council in January, so as to allow as much time for tree planting during the
proper season as possible, otherwise, we are badly handicapped
and cannot begin to accomplish what we should except by running
tree planting into a dragged out season, which is exceedingly
unwise and often means the loss of many trees and this should
not be made necessary, we, therefore, beg to ask that you kindly
bear this matter in mind and let us have the tree planting appropriation promptly.
While the Commission had in mind for some time the whitewashing of the trees on Drayton Street as a safeguard against
accidents, still it did not wish to do so until the matter had public
approval and so when the Rotary Club requested that it be done
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 327
and as that body is composed of many of our leading citizens,
we felt safe in doing so and the trees were therefore whitewashed
as requested.
The Commission, however, wishes the public to know that it
is opposed to the whitewashing of trees other than those on
Drayton Street, and they are requested not to do so, as it will
make it necessary for us to have the removal of the whitewash
from the trees done by the persons applying it or ordering it
done, and we sincerely trust that this will not become our duty
at any time.
TRIMMING OF TREES
This branch of our work has been given very careful attention during the past year and the trees are showing up in better
form and we hope to be able to continue this work in order that
all of our trees may get the attention which they need and before
it is too late.
In connection with this branch of our work, we think that it
is proper to recommend that a regular gang be employed for no
other purpose than to care for the proper trimming and other
attention which our trees require constantly and this can only
be accomplished by the making of a special appropriation to cover
the work, which we trust can be done in a very near future.
We must not lose sight of the fact that it is very important
to give trees the proper attention at the right ime in order that
they might be kept from decay, fungus and insect troubles, all of
which come to trees which are not properly looked after. Of
course healthy trees are sometimes attacked but not nearly so
often as trees which have been weakened by some cause that
might have been averted by prompt and careful treatment, thereby serving to prolong the life and usefulness of the tree.
SPRAYING OF TREES
During the year this branch of our work has received attention and we feel that our efforts were rewarded, for we have been
able to control the insect troubles to a very large degree and to
328 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
prevent in a measure the spreading of them. We hope to accomplish even more this year.
This is another important branch of our work th.at should be
handled by a special appropriation.
REMOVAL OF TREES
We removed during the year 187 trees and the following
will show the variety and number of each:
Sycamore _________________ 36
Mulberry ____________._____ 31
Elm _____________________ 27
Chinaberry ________________ 24
Water Oak _________________ 22
Sweet Gum _________________ 15
Live Oak __________________ 7
Dogwood _______________ 5
Maple _____________ 4
Poplar ___________________ 3
Ash _____________________ 2
Red Bud __________________ 2
Haven ____________________ 2
Cedar ____________________ 1
Sugarberry __________ _____ I
Crepe Myrtle ______________
Catalpa _______________
Willow ____________________________
Locust _____________________
Red Oak ___________________
Total________________ 187
EMMET PARK
This park has received general and routine care.
Trees have been trimmed and looked after. ..
The hedges have been trimmed and kept in order.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 329
The grass has been mowed, the walks edged, the grass plats
raked and the rubbish removed.
The benches have been mutilated and destroyed and in some
instances carried away from the park; need protection badly,
otherwise seems useless to put them there.
PARKS IN ARDSLEY PARK
These parks were not as carefully looked after the past year
by the Ardsley Park Land Company, as formerly, but as a whole
they presented a fair appearance.
PARKS IN CHATHAM CRESCENT
These parks were very well kept up the past year by the
Chatham Land & Hotel Company and looked most attractive.
COLONIAL PARK
This park was kept in splendid condition the past year.
The grass was kept mowed and the walks edged.
The shrubbery was trimmed and looked after, generally.
The grass plats were raked and the rubbish removed.
The ruthless destruction of vaults and tombstones continues
and every few years the City is called upon to spend money repairing them.
There is certainly a very great need of more lights for this
park and we trust that additional ones will be provided for at an
early date.
Benches have been placed but they are removed from their
original positions and many times both mutilated and destroyed.
We have removed the old Mulberry trees from the vaults
and also many other trees of no value and some that really have
been quite a detriment both in appearance and possible damage
to vaults.
330 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
REPAIRING OF VAULTS AND TOMBS COLONIAL
PARK
We have gone very carefully over the vaults and toombs and
have repaired all of those which were in need of it and also reset
in brick foundations such headstones as had been broken off or
removed from their foundations.
We found quite a number of the slabs to tombs which had
become almost covered up and these we raised up about four to
six inches above the ground level and put continuous foundations under them, so that they should not give any further trouble or be of any expense whatever to the City unless molested
by mischievous persons.
We think it would be an excellent idea to reset all of the
slab headstones in brick foundations, so as to make them more
secure, as there seems to be a tendency to uproot these stones
and move them from one place to another.
We experienced considerable difficulty in performing the
repair work in this park on account of the meanness of the boys'
who frequent it, who in a spirit of mischief, would often try and
push over the newly set headstones or remove the repair work
from the vaults before the cement would set up, but by perseverance and determination combined with watchfulness, we finally
completed the work which we set out to do.
If people who frequent this park would leave the vaults, etc.,
alone, there would not be much repair work to do and the vaults,
tombs, and stones would remain in good condition for many
years to come.
BAFFIN PARK
We filled in a very large depression just east of the S. W.
approach, doing away with the breeding places of countless mosquitos. This depression was formerly a part of the DeRenne
canal.
We also filled in some of the low portions lying adjacent to
47th Street.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 331
We filled in and brought up almost to the finish grade that
portion lying between the two western approaches and Waters
Avenue, and with a little additional work this portion will be
completed in so far as grading is concerned.
We also procured some fine top soil from the grading of
certain grass plats on 37th Street, East, and this we have used as
a top dressing on the above portion and so when spring sets in
our top dressing will show the results of such work and will
sprout into a fine grass lawn, without the long wait incident to
the building of one under other conditions.
Upon our request and with the co-operation of the Chief
Engineer, City Council authorized the laying of a drain pipe in
what was a tributary of the DeRenne canal, said part of canal
cutting directly across the N. W. approach and preventing its
use, but after the drain pipe was laid by the Chief Engineer's Department, our department with the generous aid of the Chatham
County Commissioners, filled in the 400 feet of said canal and
brought same to grade and now the main entrance to the park
is in shape to be used.
Also upon our request and with the co-operation of the Chief
Engineer, City Council made an appropriation for the purpose
of laying curbing on the Waters Avenue portion of said park and
also the entrances to the N. W. and S. W. approaches, this work
being done by the Chief Engineer's Department, so that the
western end of the park is now defined and makes a very much
more attractive appearance and one that adds greatly to the
general outlook.
We also with the aid of the Chatham County Commissioners
filled in the big ditch in Waters Avenue, said ditch being just outside of the western line of Daffin Park, this ditch having been
a menace for a long time and one into which many automobiles
found their way, so by filling in the said ditch, we not only removed an eyesore but did away with a most dangerous one.
We will replace the dead trees in the early part of the
year 1916, this work being necessary because of the poor drainage in the park but by the use of dynamite and deep blasting, we
332 MAYOR'S AXN'UAL REPORT
have to a very large extent overcome this condition and from now
on the loss of trees should be very low.
We have also found it an excellent idea to blast for all new
trees planted in this park, in fact, we have been doing this work
for several years and the results have proved that it is well
worth while, as the trees grow off better and are more thrifty in
growth, and show a much more healthy condition.
We also raised a fair crop of both oats and hay, which were
used in feeding our stock. We were so successful with our first
crop that we planted another oat crop in the fall and expect
unless all signs fail, to make good on this one, too, then we will
follow again with hay. This is of tremendous help to our department and we will continue it just so long as we feel that we
can consistently do so.
The privet hedge along the central mall was worked and
trimmed several times during the year.
We have practically completed the Keeper's house and with
very little work it will be entirely finished.
Our appropriation for this park was exceedingly small but
we really accomplished a great deal with it but hope that from
now on Council will see its way clear to be more liberal with
appropriations for the improvement of this park, as it is being
built around rapidly and there is certainly just cause and reason
for its being improved and you know that park work is oftentimes very slow, expensive and tedious and means steady and
persistent plodding if one expects to accomplish proper results
and with all of that must be combined a whole lot of patience.
Now we have plenty of the steadiness, persistence, patience and
the progressive plodding habit and what we need most now is
the money, so that we can exercise it and we are satisfied that we
can give results that will thoroughly satisfy.
The grading work is the first and most important work to be
done in this park, for until it is accomplished, it is impossible to
provide all of the features called for on the plan, which has been
adopted for its improvement and then too you cannot possibly
plant trees unless you have the ground to proper level. As
everything depends practically on the grading and as grading is
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 333
expensive work, let us get together and work hard to finish the
grading work so that the other things can be done and the park
made available for use.
MISCELLANEOUS
We commenced the planting of trees in the Parkside Land
Company's tract, this work being done entirely at their expense.
Up to the first of the year we had planted 26 Palmetto trees,
and expect to complete the Palmetto and also the hardwood planting for the said company very early in the coming year.
We delivered 43 loads of wood to the worthy poor and to
the various charitable institutions.
We rebuilt our wagons, trucks and water tank.
Mowing machines were repaired by our own workmen, but it
will be impossible to make them hold out for another year and so
it will be necessary to purchase new ones.
We purchased one new set of harness and repaired others
on hand.
The Cadillac automobile which we purchased February 1st,
1913, has been and still is of wonderful assistance to us and
makes it possible for us to accomplish a great deal more work
than heretofore. We beg to report that it is still, giving remarkable service and entire satisfaction.
We procured and erected in the Park Extension a yellow
pine tree 60 feet in height and with all its limbs, this being done
at the request of the Municipal Christmas Tree Committee, and
we were informed that it served the purpose to the entire satisfaction of the Committee, and of this we were truly glad, for we
always stand ready to add our little help to any enterprise that
tends to uplift and bring our people closer together.
At the request of Mayor Pierpont, we made a temporary
planting of pine trees on the municipal wharf during the meeting
of the Atlantic Deeper Waterways Convention and they gave a
touch of life to the river front that it had not seen since the
erection of the row of buildings south of River Street. We feel
that the suggestion was a good one and we were only too glad
to carry out Mayor Pierpont's request.
334 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
We removed the large Live Oak trees on Waters Avenue at
the request of the Chief Engineer, it being apparent to us that
it was entirely necessary to properly carry out the plan of improvement laid out for this Avenue, and while it seemed a sacrilege, still under the circumstances there was no other alternative.
Beg here to say that the removal of the stumps of these
trees was rather a slow and expensive job, because it was necessary to load them on a truck for removal to a point outside of
the range of houses where it would be possible to blow them to
pieces with dynamite, which was done and the pieces removed.
One of these stumps alone measured 12 by 15 feet and weighed
over six tons, so the task was no easy one, still we accomplished
it without mishap.
The Commission is being constantly called upon to allow the
parks and squares under its jurisdiction, to be diverted to other
uses and purposes and we feel now that we have given up aboui
all of the parks and squares that we consistently can and that w5
must hold integral the rest of our park system, otherwise if we
meet this call and that call, the time will come when we will
have very few parks or squares left to fill their original intention,
so let the City acquire other lands to take care of the things
which come up from time to rime and not ask us to relinquish
the parks and squares.
BONAVENTURE CEMETERY
This cemetery was given excellent care during the past year
and everything seemed to run along very smooth.
The various grass plats were planted in Italian Rye Grass
and the contrast between it and the somber coloring of Live Oak
trees and the Spanish Moss was most striking and effective.
We filled in a very low place in Section A, this being near
the entrance gates, and it has done much to improve that particular section of the cemetery.
We have done a great amount of filling over the river bank,
in order to protect it from the constant wash of the tide, waves,
and wind, and an observation of same will show" that much good
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 335
has been accomplished. This work will be continued each year
so that no possible encroachment may occur.
We planted 73 Magnolia and 78 Cedar trees.
We had a new tin roof put on the office building located in
the Circle, of this cemetery, the old one having rusted out completely.
We repaired the artesian well with the appropriation allowed,
so that now the pump is connected direct and we have had no
further trouble with it.
Out of the appropriation allowed for the repair of the artesian wells and extension of water mains, we repaired the well as
stated and laid 1050 feet of 2-inch water main.
The pump was overhauled and put in good condition
throughout.
We cared for 371 lots under annual agreement.
We furnished water to 374 lots.
We also cared for 56 lots in perpetuity, for which the City
of Savannah has received the sum of $16,470.00 in trust to provide for their care and maintenance.
In addition to the above we have done a great deal of miscellaneous work on lots and have attended the funerals, besides
which we have kept up the general work in the cemetery.
We had a small piece of land on which we grew a fair crop
of corn and hay and this helped to feed the stock used in the
cemetery.
We bought one McCormick mowing machine for use on the
unsold lot areas.
We repaired our wagons, etc.
Again we call attention to the urgent need of a new residence
for the Keeper and sincerely trust that in the very near future
it will be possible to make an appropriation to cover the construction of same.
In October of the year 1915, we commenced the clearing
and cleaning up of Section N, containing 289 lots, this Section
to be* sold off in perpetuity only and we expect to place same on
sale in the early part of the coming year.
336 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
While we have been selling perpetuity agreements for lots
in other sections of the cemetery and although it is possible to
place any lot in perpetuity at any time after same has been purchased, still, we decided to open up a section containing perpetuity lots only.
LAUREL GROVE CEMETERY
This cemetery has been kept in splendid condition the past
year. The circle and grass plats on main entrance roadway were
planted in Italian Rye grass and have been most attractive.
During the spring and summer season we had all of the
flower beds planted out and they were much admired.
We have made W. A. Snyder a special officer for the protection of this cemetery and we are glad indeed to report that he has
been very diligent and efficient in the performance of the duties
required of him. Largely through his efforts, the practice of
stealing plants, flowers and garden tile has practically ceased.
He has been very active in keeping out of the cemetery, such
persons as loafers and hangers on and this has done much to
make the moral atmosphere better and his efforts in this direction will be greatly appreciated by all persons who have the interest of the cemetery at heart.
We have had a great deal of trouble with persons cutting
through and jumping our fences and we desire the public to
understand that we are determined to break this practice up,
feeling that all persons who have business in the cemetery, must
enter it through the entrance gates and leave it the same way,
otherwise, we expect to continue making arrests of all persons
who will persist in this violation.
We commenced the filling in of those portions of the Ravine
Section adjacent to the roadways and by the end of the year
1916, we will have practically completed this work. In this we
have received great assistance from the Chief Engineer's Department, as the hauling in of street sweepings has taken care of
most of the fill.
We repaired the greenhouse with the appropriation allowed
for that purpose and it is now in fairly good condition.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 337
All tender plants in our charge are being cared for in this
greenhouse.
We care for 13 lots in perpetuity, for which the City of
Savannah has received the sum of $2,725.00 in trust for their
care and maintenance.
We beg to call especial attention to the fact that we have
cared for the Mary E. Williams lot as per agreement entered
into with the Mayor and Aldermen.
There was a special appropriation of $300,00 allowed for the
repair of the Keeper's residence and with the sum allowed, the
following work was performed:
We built a complete new front upstairs porch, the old one
having rotted away entirely, we replaced some of the porch posts,
repaired the cornice, repaired the blinds, repaired the front stairway in residence, put in new valleys on the main house and also
on the tool house, also repaired all leaks in the roofs and then
painted the roofs to the residence, the tool house, the barn and
also the morgue, with two coats of roofing paint, replaced all
broken window lights and reputtied all sash, repaired all brick
work and chimneys on residence and also repaired brickwork on
tool house, barn and fence, also put new plaster in some rooms
and cleaned out and filled up all cracks in walls, also painted the
walls two coats of flat paint and all inside wood work painted
one coat of lead and oil, all exterior wood work given two coats
of lead and oil and plastered brick work on main house, tool
house and barn were given one coat of cement color wash; in
fact, we put the residence, tool house and barn in good condition
for the sum of $300.00, this being accomplished by the closest
and strictest watch on time and material.
We feel that we really accomplished wonders when we tell
you that the bids received for the painting alone of the Keeper's
residence and tool house, were in the neighborhood of the
$300.00 allowed.
We repaired our cart and bought a new set of cart harness.
We also bought new tools and grave boards.
We were constantly having trouble at the entrance gates,
in that the roadway was always wearing into holes and making
Mf:
338 __ MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
it very uncomfortable for persons riding in any kind of vehicle,
so to overcome this, we had a concrete apron constructed at a
total cost of $51.00 and we have had no further trouble. This
apron is 6 inches in total thickness; 4*/2 inches being devoted to
a concrete base of 5 parts crushed stone, mixed with 1 part
Portland cement and 3 parts sharp river sand and the top l]/2
inches thick with a mixture of 1 2-3 parts Portland cement to 2
parts sharp river sand, and the price per yard was $1.25.
LAUREL GROVE CEMETERY
COLORED PORTION
This cemetery has been kept in very good condition under
the care of the present keeper, who seems to take personal interest in its upkeep.
With our assistance he hauled quite a number of loads of debris from the rosin oil mill of Mr. W. B. Mott and used this for
the purpose of paving the main roadway from the entrance in
the cemetery to the first main cross road, and this has helped very
much, for after heavy rains the roadway was so soft as to make
vehicle travel rather difficult. All of-this material was given
to us.
We rebuilt the porch to the keeper's office, waiting room
and tool house, also retinned it, and painted the entire roof with
two coats of roof paint and in addition to this we painted the
woodwork both inside and out with two coats of lead and oil
paint and this building is now in fine condition.
We furnished a new set of tools.
We also opened up a new burial section, this being possible
because of a large drainage pipe having been laid through the
cemetery, before which time it was impossible to dig a grave
without striking water. We expect to have available during the
coming year additional ground for burial purposes, this ground
we are now breaking up and getting in shape to be sold off
into lots.
I attach to this report the mortuary statistics of the keepers
of the cemeteries. Yours respectfully,
P. D. BAFFIN, Chairman.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 339
MORTUARY REPORT OF BONAVENTURE
CEMETERY
(WHITE)
January 1st, 1915, to January 1st, 1916
January ___
February _
March _ _ _
April _ _ _
May _ __
June ______
July ______
August
September _
October _
November _
December
Grand Total.
Died Savannah in
7
1
5
11
4
5
fi
fi
7
5
in
is
82
ISavannah DiedOut of
1
3
1
1
?,
?
4
3
5
?,
24
4>
On

gS1
if
1
1
?,\
1
6
from One Removed
'Another Lott
li
1
3
4
2
+>*->
&
1 <=>&
g-J-
-S
OjS
Eo
c
eX
1
1
2
Laurel from Received
Grove Cemetery
1
fl
10
from Received
Cathedral Cemetery
1
3
4
Received from
Cemeteries Other
1
1
for BurialGrave Dug
Old ofRecords
1
1
3
1
8
4
19
16
4
6
11
Q
11
11
18
17
134
Respectfully,
J. T. McCORMICK, Keeper.
340 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
MORTUARY REPORT OF LAUREL GROVE CEMETERY FOR 1915
January
February __
March
April _ _ _ _
May _ _
June _
lulv
August _ _ _
September _ _
October _ _ _
November _
December _ _ _
White
5
c
5
c
'
21
29
20
21
13
11
22
19
22
20
26
1 Grand Total _ J241
Still Bornand preBIrtlis mature
1 2'
3' 3'
7
4
5
4
6
5
4
3
3
(C
C
c
t.
C
Q
i
2
4
6
4
o
4
7
5
3
6
4.
3
49| 51
"a
1
Free Burials
28 6
38 4
31' 1
28' 6
22 3
22 2
33j 9
27 3
32 6
27! 4
32' 8
1341 57
Colored
X4-1

5
56
61
71
70
61
48
64
78
52
59
61
69
||
3
gjj
||

7
10
9
10
8
5
8
15
11
4
5
750 98
Other Interments
2
3
7
9
6
6
5
3
5
2
5
10
63
a
EH
64
71
88
88
77
62
74
89
72
72
70
84
911
Free Burials
11
13
13
13
14
14
! 15
3
> 10
10
I 4
1 15
135
Total inInterments
Both Cemeteries
85
99
126
119
105
84
96
122
99
104
97
116
1252
INTERMENTS
Interments during year (White)_______________ 341
Interments during year (Colored).._____________ 911
Total number of interments_______________1,252
Free burials (White) ____________________ 57
Free burials (Colored) ____________________ 135
Removals in Cemetery (Adults, 2; Children, 6)______ 8
Removals to Bonavenrure Cemetery (Adults, 8; Children, 2) 10
Respectfully,
A. B. LAROCHE, Keeper.
ANNUAL REPORT
OF THE
PLAYGROUND DIRECTOR
SAVANNAH, GEORGIA
FOR THE YEAR
1915
MONTAGUE GAMMON
DIRECTOR

REPORT OF THE MUNICIPAL PLAYGROUNDS
SAVANNAH, GA., January 1, 1916.
To the Honorable Wallace /. Pierpont, Mayor, City of Savannah,
and Chairman of the Playground Commission, and to the
Board of Aldermen
GENTLEMEN:
The Director of Playgrounds submits herewith the annual
report of the Department for the year ending December 31, 1915.
ORGANIZATION
The Playground Department has an office on the first floor
of the City Hall where the Director may be found in the forenoons. The force consists of seven women and four men employed regularly, and a number of substitutes who are employed
from time to time during the absence of the playleaders, or on
unusual occasions when additional help is required. On each
playground one leader is1 designated to taRe charge. From the
first of October to the first of July sessions are held in the afternoons alone and are of 3j/ hours' duration. The hour for opening and closing is shifted according to the season, so as to have
the closing hour occur at dusk. From July the first to October
the first, forenoon sessions of 2J/2 hours are also held. The
playleaders are engaged and paid by the day. The rate fixed for
beginners is $1.33 per afternoon session, and 67 cents per forenoon session. In order to secure competent men it has been
found necessary to offer them somewhat higher rates than the
above. Two of the women earned, in 1914, promotion to the position of "Playleader in charge" at $1.75 per afternoon session.
The Playground Director has been employed by the Commission
with authority to appoint and discharge playleaders, and the entire plan, we believe, has been satisfactory.
344 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
HANDCRAFT WORK
The forenoon sessions of 2J/2 hours throughout the summer
were devoted to teaching the children basket-making and other
simple forms of constructive work. While the playleaders gave
their entire attention to this activity, no compulsion was exercised, or was needed, in enlisting the attention of the children.
The swings, see-saws and other paraphernalia were put in place,
and each child was free to choose his own recreation. The interest evoked in basket work was remarkable. This was the case,
not with the children alone, but with the mothers, as well. Indeed a number of men became interested and made baskets. A
large number of mothers acquired a permanent interest in this
type of handwork, and as one result, a craft club, composed of
those ladies who are especially talented or skilled, was organized
in the autumn and has held weekly meetings since. The children
produced more than two thousand baskets of every imaginable
type. They were not required to follow model forms, and wonderful ingenuity and individuality were in evidence in the fifteen
hundred baskets placed on exhibit. "Scarcely any two of these
were alike. The results excited the admiration and wonder of
the public, when placed on exhibit, and it is safe to predict that
twice as many people will be basket makers in the summer of
1916. We have a number of letters from citizens commending
the handcraft work as conducted on our municipal playgrounds.
We hope to make this activity take the practical and useful
form of a local industry.
WORK OF THE LEADERS
A detailed report of the efficiency of each individual worker
is attached to this general statement. As a body the playleaders
are competent, faithful and energetic. The remarkable success
of the playgrounds in this city is chiefly due to their efforts. The
assignment of leaders is as follows:
Anderson PlaygroundMiss Turner.
Davant PlaygroundMiss Swindell, Mr. Lightfoot.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 345
Forsyth PlaygroundMr. Brace, Miss Beecher, Miss Lippman, Miss Smith.
Franklin PlaygroundMr. Richter, Miss Stern.
Wells PlaygroundMiss Reddy, Mr. Lee.
Miss Beecher and Mr. Brace are employed for six hours per
day throughout the year. Throughout the winter they have special assignments for work in the evening recreation centers and
clubs, and certain forenoons are spent in the office. These two
leaders also have under their direction the organization of tournaments and competitions for the city at large, exclusive of the
other playgrounds. We mean to indicate here that Forsyth Playground, in addition to being used as a playground for the children
of the immediate vicinity, also serves as a general sport field for
the community. Mr. Brace has conducted a large number of
tournaments for teams from the public schools and for the city
at large. He now has in progress a series of games in indoor
baseball in which eight school teams are entered, playing twice
each week. The attendance of boys at Forsyth is so large that
the only way in which it is possible for Mr. Brace to handle the
numbers is in the organization of leagues for them. An indoor
baseball series for smaller boys is now in progress in which four
teams compete. The larger boys are contesting in basketball
with eight teams. Thus there, are twenty regularly organized
teams now playing a schedule of games on Forsyth Playground
in addition to the regular interplayground series in basketball
which includes ten teams of girls and eighteen teams of boys,
who play on Forsyth at times. It has been found necessary to
give Mr. Brace an assistant on two afternoons of each week,
when the school series of games is in progress.
In addition to the assignments mentioned above, Mr. Richter
has been visiting Bethesda Orphanage two afternoons each week,
assuming direction of the recreation of these boys. A statement
from the Superintendent of the Orphanage with reference to this
feature of our activities is appended.
During the latter half of the summer period Miss Mercer
Griffith was placed in charge of a handcraft class for the east
346 MAYOR'S ANNUAL, REPORT
side section, where the Commission has been unable to open a
playground because of its inability to secure a suitable location.
The Asbury Memorial Methodist Church made this handcraft
class possible by tendering the use of its building and grounds
for the purpose. The results obtained were very gratifying. A
large number of ladies participated in the handcraft work and
produced some of the best specimens made in the city. Their
expressed purpose in doing this was to enlist the sympathy and
support of the Commission and public in their desire to secure a
permanent playground for their section of the city.
PROFESSIONAL PREPARATION
One of the most necessary factors in the success of any
teaching staff lies in continuous professional preparation throughout the term of service. Our local playleaders have all been
trained in Savannah, and this renders the need for continuous
efforts in this direction all the more important. Throughout the
year, as in 1914, weekly conferences were held on Saturday
mornings, and the entire month of June was devoted to a Normal
Institute in Play. A very able force of experts was assembled to
give the specialized instruction for the Normal Institute. One
hundred sixteen persons were enrolled and fifty-four of them received certificates of attendance or proficiency. Instruction in
basketry and handcraft was one of the new and prominent features of the Normal Institute, in fact, one of the reasons for conducting the Normal Institute was a desire to furnish an opportunity to instruct the playleaders in the art of basket-making,
which it was proposed to introduce as one of the regular playground activities for the summer months. The chief change in
the plans for the Normal Institute for the spring of 1916 consists in an elaboration of the courses of instruction and a decision,
made by the Committee of the Playground Commission delegated
to this work, to charge a nominal fee in order that' some compensation may be given those who act as instructors, and who
so generously volunteered their services in 1915.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 347
FESTIVALS
One of the functions of a playground or recreation department is the conduct of public celebrations, on special days and
occasions, which may serve to bring the community together and
unite them in a common interest and give them an opportunity to
enjoy wholesome forms of recreation. In fact the entire task of
such a department lies in the education of the people so that
leisure time may be well spent.
The Playgrounds celebrated, for the children, a number of
festival days. During "May Week" one afternoon was given to
games and folk dances in which twelve hundred children took
part. The May Festival Committee, on another afternoon, provided one hundred sixty-two automobiles in which about one
thousand of the same children enjoyed "a delightful ride. The
Playgrounds also were prominent in the men and boys' athletic
meet which was the feature of the last day of the May Festival
week. Thus the Playground Department, which was instrumental
in bringing about the organization of the May Week Association,
induced many local groups to co-operate in this movement, and
contributed three afternoons of the entertainment.
On October 12th, while the Federation of Women's Clubs
of Georgia was in session in Savannah, a demonstration of our
playground activities was conducted for the benefit of the delegates. About six hundred children, including the boys of Bethesda Orphanage, took part. The visiting ladies were very much
pleased. That the interest in this affair was genuine, and secured definite results, was proved by the fact that your Director,
after invitation, appeared in Columbus and Augusta in behalf of
a movement to install a similar system of municipal playgrounds
in those cities. Letters manifesting interest and appreciation
were also received from Macon, Griffin, Brunswick and a number
of smaller places.
The Georgia Federation of Women's Clubs requested that
they be permitted to use a set of ten lantern slides showing views
of the Savannah Playgrounds, which had been prepared in con-
348 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
nection with the talk on civics given at their general meeting here.
This has been done and these slides are now being used all over
the State and serve to give some good advertising. A set has also
been sent to the Playground Association of America and are now
being used in the Middle West.
The Playground Association of America is utilizing the wave
of enthusiasm for playgrounds which resulted from this demonstration, by sending two special agents to South Georgia to assist
these cities in establishing systems.
The individual playgrounds each celebrated many special
days such as excursions to the country, picnics, mothers' days, a
flag-raising and so on.
TOURNAMENTS AND INTERPLAYGROUND
COMPETITIONS
The policy of conducting competitions has been continued
and has proved uniformly successful. In fact these have been so
varied and so numerous that it has been found difficult to provide trophies for all of the team championships. The weight
classifications established on the playgrounds in 1914 have become standards for the city and are being used by the Y. M. C.
A. and other organizations. Girls' tournaments have been conducted in basketball, dodge ball, indoor baseball, volley ball, cage
ball, center-circle, relay racing, and soccer football. For the
boys, there have been leagues in baseball, basketball, relay racing, dodge ball, cage ball, football, and volley ball. Savannah
is the only city in the world, we believe, whose playgrounds conduct, on such a widely successful scale, football competitions for
the younger boys. This has been done for two years, without a
single accident. In 1915, fourteen teams competed, making one
hundred fifty boys or more.
In the summer series of interplayground competitions, the
Davant girls won the championship and the Franklin boys were
the victors.
ACCIDENTS
The Playgrounds have been fortunate in the" year 1915 in
that serious accidents have been reduced to a minimum. One
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 349
fifteen-year-old boy broke his ankle in sliding to base during a
baseball game. There have been no other cases of broken arms
or other serious injury. Minor cuts, and bruises, the necessary
result of playing vigorous games, and using the swings and other
apparatus, are infrequent. Each playground is supplied with a
first-aid box, bandages and disinfectants, and attention is given
to each one of these cases. The necessity of prompt application
of a disinfectant and proper care for a wound is being brought
to the attention of the children.
The above facts, in themselves, make an excellent argument for the wider use of the playgrounds, and the further extension of the system so that all the children of the city may be
reached. The Playgrounds are evidently far safer for children
than the streets, for we have had in Savannah during the last year
a number of fatal accidents to children playing in the streets,
and numerous serious injuries.
INFLUENCE
Playgrounds were opened in Savannah on June 8, 1914. In
the brief period that has since elapsed, there has been such a
development of the system that it is difficult, in a reasonably
brief report, to cover all the complexities of the situation. We
are very confident that the Playgrounds have become an accepted and indispensable feature of community life in this City,
and that they are making it a better place to live in. The children have formed the habit of engaging in vigorous games, and
of being outdoors a larger proportion of the time. They are
healthier and hardier, more muscular and more vigorous. The
boys are not using bad language and are not smoking and fighting as much as they did. Crap shooting, which was very common
has been almost completely eradicated. A group of about twenty
large boys who, formerly, constantly engaged in this pastime in
Colonial Park, now confine their attention to indoor baseball,
football, and other wholesome games. The larger girls, especially in Davant Playground, have acquired physical characteristics that are striking even to the casual observer. The Play-
350 MAYOR'S AXNUAL REPORT
grounds have brought about the condition that basketball is almost a universal sport in the winter. It is difficult to find an
exact measure of the moral effect of playground work. The most
tangible result we have been able to discover is the statement of
the chief of police, that his department has a greatly reduced
number of complaints, from property owners and others, of marauding by mischievous gangs of boys. The records of arrests
and their classification, for the years 1914 and 1915, is shown
below:
1914 1915
White Men __________ 3,089 3,454
White Women ________ 330 290
White Boys ______:___ 206 147
White Girls __________ 11 10
Negro Men ___________ 4,817 5,394
Negro Women ________ 1,607 1,558
Negro Boys __________ 329 479
Negro Girls __________ 75 143
Chinamen ___________ ___ 5
Total __________10,461 11,480
It will be noted that there has been a general increase distributed among all the items except that of white women and
white boys. The chief of police has explained to me that in the
case of white women, the decrease has been brought about by the
difference in the method of treating certain cases. He believes
that the large decrease for white boys is due to the work of the
Playgrounds. This decrease amounts to 24 per cent. If this be
the correct explanation for this decrease, this result alone would
justify the expenditure necessary to maintain a system of playgrounds.
GROUNDS
The greatest difficulty experienced on the playgrounds during 1914 was the presence of great quantities of dust whenever
dry and pleasant weather continued for any length of time/ The
sandy surface disintegrates so easily that clouds of dust are easily
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 351
raised, and the continual hard usage destroyed such grass as grew
upon some of the playgrounds. This year one hundred dollars
were spent in installing water boxes and hose, and great improvement of the objectionable condition has resulted.
EQUIPMENT
Some additions were made to the equipment installed on the
playgrounds, especially on Forsyth. Two more frames were
erected for the baby swings, and a large slide was added here.
A small slide was also placed in Franklin Playground. An inventory is attached showing that the total present value of all
articles now on hand is $1,343.00.
ATTENDANCE
The attendance throughout the year has been very satisfactory. It is given in detail in the table found below. (The method
of reporting attendance was changed on the first of May, 1915,
from using a week as the unit to that of a half-month, in order
that the period for reporting attendance might correspond with
the pay-roll period):
ATTENDANCE BY WEEKS AND HALF-MONTHS FOR 1915
Week ending
January 9 _________ 7,233
16 ___________ 7,758
23 ___________ 7,863
30 ___________ 9,929
February 6 __________ 8,248
13 ___________ 10,647
20 ___________ 8,485
27 ___________ 9,901
March 6 ___________ 9,430
13 ___________ 11,393
20 ___________ 9,872
27 ___________ 10,473
April 3 ___________ 6,916
10 ___________ 14,418
17 ___________ 12,797
352 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
24 ___________ 13,513
May 1 ___________ 13,833
15 (half month)___ 31,941
30 ___________ 22,304
June 15 ___________ 15,397
30 ___________ 15,731
July 15 ___________ 17,679
30 ___________ 23,674
August 15 ___________ 15,928
31 __________ 21,609
September 15 ___________ 21,220
30 ___________ 18,269
October 15 ___________ 10,535
30 ___________ 18,506
November 15 ___________ 18,163
30 ___________ 16,243
December 15 __________ 12,806
31 _______i__ 11,315
565,046
This shows that the total attendance at all the playgrounds
for the year 1915, exclusive of Bethesda, was 565,046. The total disbursements for the year are close to $11,800. The cost
therefor for each child per day was two cents and eight one-hundredths of a cent. Of the 365 days, 52 were Sundays and three
were holidays that we observed. This leaves 310 days on which
the playgrounds should have been open. A further subtraction
needs to be made, however, for those on which such bad weather
prevailed that the playgrounds could not open at all. Using 300
days as the total number of sessions, the average attendance per
day was 1,883. The average attendance for 1914 was 1,625.
Thus there has been a net gain in average attendance of 258
over last year.
EXTENSIONS
After approval by the Commission your Director submitted
the following recommendations to Council as including the most
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 353
necessary steps in the further extension of our recreation system:
1. East Side Playground, $4,000 the first year (Mayor Davant having advised the Director that he would recommend the
purchase of the Guerard property at $12,000 for this purpose.)
2. One new playground in the northeast section of the city,
to be conducted in Washington and Greene Squares, reserving
one for the boys and one for the girls and small children, $1,000.
3. Tennis courts in the Park Extension, six courts for
$500 or $600.
4. Visiting playleaders for orphanages, $375.
5. Two playgrounds for negroes, $1,200 to $1,400.
6. Public musical concerts in Forsyth Park, $1,000.
7. Lighting playgrounds at night, $500.
8. Handcraft classes next summer in Henry, Barnard,
Waters, 37th and 38th Street Public Schools, obtaining permission for use of two rooms in each school, $300.
Thus an opportunity for growth is provided. With a continuation of the policy by the city of allowing for one or more additional playgrounds each year, we shall ultimately catch up with
the needs.
The members of the Playground Commission have been very
faithful in their attendance upon the meetings and have shown
a genuine interest in the Playgrounds by real service on various
committees. We wish very much that the Commission could
know how great a stimulus the monthly meetings are to the Director. We wish to take this opportunity to thank the Chairman,
the members of the Commission, the heads of the various city
departments and their subordinates, all of whom have co-operated most fully in furthering the work of this department.
Very respectfully yours,
MONTAGUE GAMMON.
354 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
SAVANNAH, GA., January 6, 1916.
MR. MONTAGUE GAMMON,
Director Public Play Grounds, Savannah, Ga.
MY DEAR MR. GAMMON :
I beg to hand you herewith a report of the operations of the
Bethesda Playground from October 18, 1915, to December 31,
1915.
Your Mr. Arthur Richter took up the work on the first mentioned date, and has visited us since, every Monday and Thursday afternoon, 3.30 to 5.
The first few meetings were spent in teaching the boys the
games played on the Savannah playgrounds. A little later a
league was formed, consisting of three groups. The first of
these groups was made up of the older boys and was in charge
of Mr. Hearne. They played indoor baseball, cage ball, hustle
ball relay, volley ball, and the standard athletic events. The second group, made up of the intermediate boys, was in charge of
Mr. Richter. They played volley ball, cage ball, hustle ball, pursuit ball, ran relays,'and engaged in the standard athletic events.
The smaller boys were not organized into teams, but played
under the leadership of Mrs. Burroughs and Miss Lanier, being
taught the ring games. Miss Beecher visited us one afternoon
and taught singing games to these small boys. Several times
afterward I overheard them singing the songs of those games.
Mr. Richter has done excellent work and the boys have responded well, showing a very satisfactory degree of interest.
The league was to have ended up the year with an athletic
meet of nine events and twenty-seven prizes, but owing to the
Christmas season being a busy time for the boys, the meet was
postponed and will be held now very shortly. After that, the
Watermelon League will be formed for winter and spring, terminating in a watermelon cutting at its close.
We think the playground has been in every way a success
with our boys and we are very desirous that it continue.
Very truly yours,
O. W. BURROUGHS.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 355
INVE
]
NO. OF
PIECES
4
7
9
9
5
5
20
12
12
12
3
84
8
4J/2
3
30 '
30
30
28
2 doz.
6
6
4
8
2
2
5
12
3
4
NTORY OF EQUIPMENT Aft
flOW ON HAND FOR THE Yl
DESCRIPTION
Gal. pipe frame for six swings_@
Gal. pipe frame for baby swing
Pairs basketball goals _ _ _
Basketball backs and support- _
Sand boxes _ _ _ _ _ _
Gal. pipe frame for see-saw_ _
Boards for see-saw _ _ _
Locks (6 @ $1.00, 6 @ 50c)__
Horizontal bars and uprights _
Horizontal bars and uprights _
Backs and uprights. _ __
Supply boxes _ _ _
Stilts uprights for volley ball _
Stilts uprights for jumping
standards _ __ _____
Bladders _ _ _ __ _ __
SUPPLIES
Baby swings, seats, attachments
Swing seats, attachments ____
Basketballs _ _ ________
Indoor baseballs _ _ _ _
Volley balls __________
Soccer __ _ _ _ ___
Footballs __ _____________
Baseball bats __ _ __ ___
Baseball mits _ ___ ______
Baseball masks _ _ __ _ _
Baseball bases __ ___ _
Jump stand, ropes _ _ _
Metal circle _ ___ ______
Benches _ ___ _ _ _
ID SUPF
SAR 1916
$75.00 S
6.00
5.00
15.00
1.00
2.25
.75
6.00
3.00
5.00
4.00
9.00
4.00
10.00
1.00
3.00
2.50
4.00
8.40
3.00
3.00
3.00
2.00
2.00
1.00
2.00
'LIES
VALUE
B 300.00
42.00
45.00
135.00
5.00
45.00
4.50
9.00
25.00
16.00
72.00
20.00
45.00
3.00
90.00
75.00
112.00
16.80
18.00
12.00
12.00
12.00
4.00
4.00
4.00
5.00
12.00
6.00
356 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
NO. OF
PIECES
5
4
30
1 doz.
1
Ij/? doz.
3
4
10
DESCRIPTION
Logs __ _
Ladders _ _ _ __ _
Loose portions of equipment _
Frames "Slide for Life"
Window screens _ __ _
Rawhide lacings _ _ _ _ _
Graphanola and carriage _
Graphanola records _ _ _
Picture frames _ _ _
Picture frames _ _ __ _ _
Lantern slides (6 @ 50c, 4 @
75c) _ __
Total _ __ -._ __
8.00
1.50
65.00
1.00
.75
.50
VALUE
4.00
30.00
32.00
45.00
3.00
65.00
18.00
2.25
2.00
6.00
$1,343.55
ANNUAL REPORT
OF THE
PUBLIC LIBRARY
OF THE
CITY OF SAVANNAH
FOR THE YEAR ENDING
, DECEMBER 31
1915
WILLIAM HARDEN
LIBRARIAN

ANNUAL REPORT OF THE BOARD OF MANAGERS
OF THE PUBLIC LIBRARY
SAVANNAH, GA., January 1, 1916.
To the Honorable Mayor and Aldermen of the City of Savannah,
and to the Georgia Historical Society:
GENTLEMEN:
The thirteenth Annual Report of the Board of Managers of
the Savannah Public Library is herewith submitted in accordance with the agreement entered into between the City and the
Georgia Historical Society in 1903 establishing a public library
for this city. The accompanying reports of the Librarian and
Treasurer are so full and complete that but little else need be
added.
It is gratifying to note that, notwithstanding a reduction
of $3,833.33 in the city's appropriation for the year 1915, the
number of books taken out and the number of visitors for the
year were larger than ever before in the history of the library.
The number of books taken out was 125,759, which was 13,-
331 greater than in the previous year, and the number of visitors was 119,000, which was 6,163 greater than in the year before. Owing to this reduction in the appropriation it was not
possible for the Board of Managers to purchase new books for
the last six months of the year, and in consequence there was
a noticeable decrease in the use of the library by the public
during this time. Now, however, that the city appropriation
has been restored for the next year, the Board will be able to
supply the demand for new books, and a large increase in the
use of the library is expected.
It will be seen from the report of the Librarian that all
classes of our people use the library freely, and we have good
reason to believe that their needs are supplied so far as it is
possible to do so with the means at our command. Much inter-
360 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
est has been manifested in the children's department, and it is
the purpose of the Board to cultivate a love for reading good
books in the minds of the young, in order that the habit of using
the library may be formed early, and a proper appreciation of
the world's literature may be developed.
The accounting system of the Board is such as that it is
easy to see at a glance its financial condition. The receipts and
expenditures are duly kept in an approved form, and monthly
statements are made by the treasurer. Vouchers are kept for
all expenditures, and the books of the Treasurer are regularly
examined by the finance committee.
As this will probably be the last report of this Board as at
present constituted, it may be well to review briefly the work of
this body for the past thirteen years of the library's history.
Until the year 1903 Savannah had no free public library.
The Georgia Historical Society possessed an excellent library
of about 23,500 volumes, which were available to its members,
and a commodious building conveniently situated for public use.
With the progress of modern civic development, the need of a
free public library for the use of all the people of Savannah
became more and more apparent., and in 1903 an agreement
was entered into by the city and the Georgia Historical Society,
by which the Society's library of 23,500 volumes could be at
once made available to the public, and other facilities afforded
by which the white people of this city could at once enjoy the
privileges of a free library. The public spirit of the city and
the altruistic motives of the Georgia Historical Society were
alike most commendable, and the experience of thirteen years
has shown the wisdom of the steps taken by them. The city at
the least cost has thus been able to furnish to our citizens the
free use of a large and excellent library, and the Georgia Historical Society has the satisfaction of aiding the city to a permanent establishment of a building and library of its own.
During the past thirteen years the use of the Public Library
has steadily grown, and gradually its educational and uplifting
influence is reaching all classes of our people. In 1904, the first
full year of its operation, there were about 25,000 volumes in
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 361
the library. Now there are 57,242. Then there were 78,117
visitors. For the past year there were 119,000. Then there were
55,041 books taken out. In 1915 there were 125,759 volumes
taken out.
These comparisons will indicate in part the growth and use
of the library since its establishment. With the limited means
at its command the Board of Managers has faithfully endeavored to serve the public in the best possible way. The library has
been completely cataloged, a children's department has been
established, and many other features have been added for the
use' and convenience of the public.
While the Public Library as at present constituted has been
of great benefit to our city, and while its use by the public is
rapidly increasing, it has long been recognized that the future
needs of Savannah will demand a larger and more commodious
building than the one now occupied. This need has been
several times pointed out in the annual reports of this body. It
is a matter of congratulation that the city will soon possess
such a building, and it is the sincere wish of this Board that
this new building may become a central fountain of intellectual
life for our people. The education of the future will deal largely
with the real things of life, but it will also demand more of
books. Our libraries must become the repositories of human
knowledge,the accumulated legacies of the past to future generations. It has been truly said that it is not its intellect that
renders the modern world superior to antiquity, but its intellect
plus the heritage of two thousand years of thought and discovery
transmitted to it through books.
In the establishment of a free public library for Savannah
the Board feels that both the city and the Georgia Historical
Society have done a great service to our people which is worthy
of public appreciation and commendation. The meetings and the
actions of the Board of Managers have been entirely harmonious
and unselfish, and the work of those actively connected with the
library has been faithful and earnest.
Respectfully submitted,
OTIS ASHMORE, Chairman.
362 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
LIBRARIAN'S REPORT
SAVANNAH, GA., January 1, 1916.
To the Board of Managers of the Savannah Public Library:
GENTLEMEN:
The report now to be submitted is the thirteenth addressed
to your honorable body under the management of the combined
interests of the City of Savannah and the Georgia Historical'Society, so happily begun early in the year 1903, and it is probably the last that will be presented to the Board as at present
constituted. Your Librarian has held his office, by your courtesy,
throughout the whole period, and can truthfully say that he has
not once failed to receive your hearty co-operation and liberal
support in any measure proposed by him in the management of
the trust committed to his keeping. For the confidence in his
judgment and the kindness with which you have upheld him so
invariably, he returns his most grateful thanks.
It will not require a close inspection of the accompanying
tables to convince you of the fact that the past year was the
best we have had in every respect. This is apparent to even an
inattentive observer; and, in view of the fact that, through unforseen circumstances, the annual appropriation of the City was
curtailed to a large extent, the excellent showing is so much the
more remarkable.
The number of books given out in 1915 exceeds that of 1914
by 13,331, and the number of persons visiting the Library during
the last year was 6,163 greater than for the year 1914. The increase in both of these respects was made entirely during the
first seven months, and a decrease began in August and was kept
up through the remainder of the year, not, however, sufficient to
overcome the large gain already made. That decrease was the
effect of the discontinuance of the purchase of new books, resulting from the cutting off of the City's appropriation for maintenance to the extent of $3,833.33, and it was more apparent in the
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 363
duplicate collection than in the general circulation. If this failure
in the supply of books had not occurred, the increase in circulation would have been greater to an extent incalculable. Of
course, with the falling off of the duplicate collection there was
a corresponding diminution in the rent collected from that
source. The gain of 13,331 in circulation was as follows:
Adult Department, 8,195; Children's Department, 5,136. The
duplicate collection circulation fell off from over one thousand
every month up to, and including July, at a steady rate, until
it ran down to the insignificant figure of 261 in December.
The work of every member of the staff has been entirely
satisfactory, and all are to be commended for their diligence
and their efforts to make the Library as useful as possible to
the public.
The increase in volumes added, together with the sources
from which such additions came, will be seen in the following
statement:
Number of Volumes at Beginning of Year 1915_____ 53,690
Number of Volumes Added by Purchase
Adult Department ________________ 2,023
Children's Department ______________ 1,455
3,418
Number of Volumes Added by Gift________ 213
Number of Volumes Added by Government___ 236 3,927
57,617
Number of Volumes Worn Out and Condemned_____ 375
Total Number of Volumes at Beginning of Year 1916_ 57,242
We have sent to the bindery and received back in reinforced library binding 421 volumes in the Adult Department,
and 27 in the Children's Department. The reason for the small
number in the latter is that most of the children's books are
bought in proper library binding.
The work of repairing books not actually needing re-binding
goes on regularly, and the assistants have so renewed 335 vol-
364 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
umes in the main Library, and 684 in the Children's Department.
Special mention should be made of the activities in the
matter of serving the children of our City in library work. The
branch established by your authority last year has been fully
maintained, and has been entirely successful. The need for it
has been thoroughly proved; and its value to the community is
greatly appreciated by the people of the northeastern section of
Savannah. Without making any special appeal to the Board,
Miss Dodgen has inaugurated a system of lending books in
other districts, in order to find out whether there is actual need
for branches in those places; and the result is such as to make
it clear that there is a demand for branches in the places in
which the experiment has been made, and it would not surprise
me if the citizens living in those districts do not petition the
City Council to take steps in that way before a great while.
In order that you may be impressed with the necessity for
doing something in this direction, I will close this report with
some facts showing how the work in the Children's Department
and its one branch is progressing, and indicating the interest
which the little people take in what is being done for their
entertainment and education. During the year stories have
been told one hundred and four times, with an attendance of
10,102 young ones eager to hear the tales which are selected
with the purpose not only of entertainment but primarily of instruction. This information, together with the statistics herewith relating to the circulation of books, etc., will impress you
with the importance of library work among the youth of
Savannah.
Respectfully submitted,
WM. HARDEN, Librarian.
MONTHLY CIRCULATION OF BOOKS, 1915
MONTH
January _
February __
March ______
April _______
May _ _
June __ _
July ________
August _____
September _
October
November ___
December _
Total __
"3

g
o
fi
6
6
4
4
9
?,
3
_
5
1
46
rt
%
V
I
53
44
60
41
26
34
40
34
32
29
39
21
' 453

Offi
1
61
43
49
39
33
53
47
28
18
21
81
49
522
*
0
1!
820
981
1,327
1,031
Q44
1 OQ3
1 41 1
991
775
695
671
673
11,602
1
o
I
115
135
145
107
101
934
181
118
85
87
96
79
1,483
*!s| $ *3
tfl
67
76
97
70
53
QO
82
51
67
51
65
38
807
x
fi<
a
5
55
33
45
35
29
48
60
37
47
50
47
27
513

H
Hi
c
E
106
114
88
104
85
on
74
78
85
95
83
62
1,064
=
4)
w
5
442
525
528
373
378
426
392
298
326
361
459
378
4,886
in
O *>
CO
a
488
569
589
451
500
44 c
474
406
317
440
395
306
5,380
B
w
O
e
8,751
9,215
9,851
8,763
8,081
8,866
9,470
8,636
8,301
6,740
6,798
5,531
99,003
3o
H
10,964
11,741
12,785
11,018
10,234
11,578
12,233
10,680
10,053
8,574
8,734
. 7,165
125,759
Adult Department __
Children's Department
80,170
45,589
2!
Z
G
>
r

1*fl
O
Total..___________________________________ 125,759
366 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
CLASSIFIED CIRCULATION IN BOTH DEPARTMENTS, 1915.
Adult
Dept.
General _____ _ _ _ 1 29
Philosophy __ ______ '__ __ 406
Religion __ __ ___ __ __ | 100
Sociology ______ _ _ 889
Philology _ __ __ __ ___ 11
Natural Science _ _ __ _ 217
Useful Arts _________ _ 288
Fine Arts ________ __ _ 506
Literature __ _ __ _ _ 2,785
History _ _ __ _ __ _ __ 2,510
Fiction __ ______ ___ __ 72,429
1 Children's
Dept.
17
47
422
10,713
1,472
590
225
558
2,101
2,870
1 26,574
Total
46
453
522
11,602
1,483
807
513
1,064
4,886
5,380
99,759
Total ____________I 80,170! 45,589! 125,759
I_______
CARDS ISSUED, 1915
SIOXTH 1 Adults I Children 1
January _ _ .
February ___ __
March _ __ _
April __ _
May __ ___ _ _ _
June __ _
July ___..,___
August ____ _ __ _
September _ _
October _ _ _ _
November _ ______
December _ _ _
Total ______
1 I
.__-_! 1231
._ ______ 1 1101
____________ 1 711
_ __ . __ 1 68'
______ __ 1 661
.____________! 81!
___ _ 1 89!
, __ _ ____ 1 621
__ . __ ! 85)
,__._________! 72|
._ _ ____ ' 491
_-_ _ __._i 31'
! !
_ ______ ! 907!
169 1
1101
88' 60'
59'
1201
791
501
43!
261
471
34'
i
885!
Total
292
220
159
128
125
201
168
112
128
98
96
65
1.792
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 367
VISITORS, 1915
MONTH
January _ _ __
February _ _ _
March __ __ ___ _. _
April _ _ _______ _ _
May _ ____
June __ _ _ __
July __________________________
August __ __ _____
September _ _ _ -- ____
October _ ___ _ _ _ _____
November __ __ __ _
December ___ _ _ _____
Adults
7,202
7,333
7,549
6,955
6,326
6,676
6,743
6,931
5,864
5,669
5,741
4,279
Children
'
4,089
3,895
4,181
3,442
3,514
4,025
5,168
3,788
3,805
2,649
3,193
2,983
., . .
Total
1 1 ?01
11,228
11,730
10,397
9,840
10,701
11,911
10,719
9,669
8,318
8,934
7,262
Total _____________I 77,268! 4 l,732r 119,000
DUPLICATE COLLECTION CIRCULATION, 1915
January _____-- 1,126
February _______________________ 1,115
March ____
April _____
May ___
June _____
July _____
August __
September
October _
November
December
1,206
1,239
1,174
1,160
1,080
930
854
604
511
261
Total __________________________ 11,260
MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
MONTHLY VISITS OF LIBRARY COMMITTEE, 1915
January ____________________________ 11
February ____________________________ 10
March ______________________________ 10
April ______________________________ 11
May _____J________._______________ 12
June _________________________________ 9
July _________._________ 4
August ____________________.____ 10
September __________________________ 8
October ___________________________ 2
November __________________________ 2
December ________________________ 5
Total ___________________________ 94
RECEIPTS FROM PINES, RESERVES, AND DUPLICATE COLLECTION, 1915
MONTH
January _ _ _ __ _
February _ ____ __ _ _ _ _ _ _
March _ _
April _ ___ _ __ __ _ _
May _
June ___
July _________.._____.____.____.___._
August _ _
September _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _
October _
November _ __ __ _ ___ _ _ _ _ _
December
\
Total
FINKS
Adult
Dep't
$ 48.80
45.22
60.47
49.08
57.24
49.72
49.52
44.07
43.64
55.04
55.82
60.22
$ 618.84
Children's
Dep't
$ 11.16
6.49
. 10.69
10.18
12.39
11.39
9.31
6.43
8.36
11.98
7.75
9.33
$ 115.46
RESERVES
$ .30
.32
.28
.42
.20
.30
.24
.18
.12
.14
.22
.06
$ 2.78
RENT OP
BOOKS
Duplicate
Collection
$ 59.15
53.65
64.78
68.93
62.88
65.60
54.33
44.74
41.22
37.81
33.63
19.28
$ 606.00
Total
$ 119.41
105:68
136.22
128.61
132.71
127.01
113.40
95.42
93.3*
104.97
97.42
88.89
$ 1,343.08
O
370 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
CLASSIFIED LIST OF PERIODICALS SUBSCRIBED
FOR, 1915
literary Reviews _______________________ 6
Popular Literature _____________________ 29
Historical ___________________________ 4
Fine Arts _________________________ 6
Useful Arts _________________________ 11
Bibliography _________________________ 4
Religion ____________________________ 5
Domestic Economy ____________________ 9
Juvenile ___________________________ 7
Music _________________________ 1
Horticulture ____________'___________ 2
Humor ____________________________ 3
Science _________ 13
Sociology _____________ 4
Trade _____________________________ 2
Technical _______________ 5
Total__________________________ 111
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 371
CLASSIFIED LIST OF CARD HOLDERS
Architects _ _ _ _.
Artists _ _ _' _ .
Authors ___ _ _.
Bakers _ _ _ _ ___
Bankers _ _ _ __
Blacksmiths _ _ .
Boiler Makers ___ .
Bookbinders _ _ '__
Brewers ___ __ _
Brokers _ _ _ _.
Butchers _ _ _ _.
Cabinet Makers _ _.
Carpenters _ _ ___
Chemists _ _ ______
Civil Engineers ______
Clergymen _ ______
Clerks __ _ _ _ _
Conductors _ _ _
Contractors ____ __
Dairymen _ _ _ _
Dressmakers _ __ _ .
Druggists _ __ _
Editors _ _ _ _ _
Electricians _ _
Engineers __ ______
Exporters _ __, _ _ _
Firemen ___ _ _
Grocers _ _ _ _
Hairdressers _
Inspectors _ _ ___ _ -
Insurance Agents _
Iron Workers _ _
Jewelers _ ___ ___
Females no employment _ __ _ _ _ _
Journalists __ ____
7
16
8
16
30
20
12
9
36
' 11
14
12
45
9
25
15
3,208
28
18
13
14
27
11
39
33
14
70
47
10
28
43
18
12
3,225
25
Kindergarten Teachers_
Lawyers _ __ _ ___
Letter Carriers __
Machinists _ ______
Managers _ _ _ _
Merchants _ _ _
Milliners _ ___ _
Musicians _ _ __
Painters __ __ _
Paper Hangers _ _ _
Pawn Brokers _ _ _
Photographers
Physicians _ _ _
Pilots ___ __ _
Planters _ _ ____
Plumbers _ _ _ _
Policemen _
Printers __ _ _ _____
Railroad Officials _
Real Estate Agents _
Reporters _ _ ____
Secretaries _ _ _ _
Steamship Officials _
Stenographers _ _ __
Students ___ _
Teachers __ __ __ _
Telegraph Operators _
Tinners _ _ _ _ _
Trained Nurses _ _
Upholsterers _ _ _
Watchmen _ ___
Wood & Coal DealersMales no employment
Wheelwrights _ _ _
Total-. __________
71
72
12
129
128
319
U
54
25
10
11
16
31
13
27
30
38
56
18
42
18
49
30
331
9,471
186
31
24
80
11
30
9
2,044
15
20,611
372 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
TREASURER'S ANNUAL REPORT
January 1, 1915, to January 1, 1916
Receipts
Cash on hand, January 1, 1915_____________$ 1,515.98
From City of Savannah ________________ 7,000.00
From Duplicate Collection Book Rent________ 637.45
From Fines and Reserves _____________. _ 730.52
From books lost and paid for____________ 28.54
* . $ 9,912.49
Expenditures 9
Salaries _________________'$ 5,529.00
Binding ___________________ 220.05
New Books _______________ 2,806.02
Periodicals ______________ 292.80
Fuel ____________________ '109.75
Lighting _________________ 280.90
Stationery _______________ 142.15
Printing __________________ 50.55
Repairs ______________________ 72.75
Improvements _____________ 31.22
Furniture __________________ 24.35
Insurance ________________ 20.00
Miscellaneous _____________ 268.73
$ 9,848.27
Cash on hand, January I, 1916__________$ 64.22
Respectfully submitted,
JOHN M. THOMAS.
Treasurer.
The Finance Committee has examined the accounts and
books of the Treasurer of the Public Library from the first of
January, 1915 to the first of January, 1916, and find the same
correct, with proper vouchers produced, and a balance in the
hands of the Treasurer of sixty-four dollars and twenty-two
cents ($64.22).
WM. M. DAVIDSON,
Chairman Finance Committee, Public Library.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 373
BOARD OF MANAGERS
Appointed by the Appointed by Georgia.
City of Savannah Historical Society Term Expires
John M. Thomas Charles Ellis Dec. 31, 1915
___________ Otis Ashmqre Dec. 31, 1916
John L. Travis H. Wiley Johnson Dec. 31, 1917
Wm. M. Davidson Dr. Thos. J. Charlton Dec. 31, 1918
H. W. Witcover Wm. W. Gordon Dec. 31, 1919
OFFICERS
OTIS ASHMORE ______________________Chairman
CHARLES ELLIS ___________________Vice-Chairman
JOHN L. TRAVIS ____________________Secretary
JOHN M. THOMAS __________________Treasurer
LIBRARY STAFF
WILLIAM HARDEN _____________________Librarian
Miss MAUDE HEYWARD __________First Assistant Librarian
Miss SELINA HEYWARD _____________Assistant Librarian
Miss MARY C. MCCANTS____________Assistant Librarian
Miss LILY DODGEN ________Librarian Children's Department
Miss PAMELA LUCAS_____Assistant Librarian Children's Dep't
CHAS. S. READ_______________________janitor
LIBRARY COMMITTEE
T. J. CHARLTON, M. D. H. WILEY JOHNSON, ESQR.
FINANCE COMMITTEE
WILLIAM M. DAVIDSON H. W. WITCOVER
JOHN L. TRAVIS, ESQR.
374 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
ANNUAL REPORT OF COLORED LIBRARY
SAVANNAH, GA., January 1, 1916.
To the Mayor and Aldermen of the City of Savannah:
GENTLEMEN:
I herewith submit report of Carnegie Colored Public Library
for year 1915.
In submitting the report I respectfully call your attention
to the commendable growth of the Library and its great step in
meeting the needs of the colored citizens of Savannah as is most
clearly shown by this most excellent report of our Librarian.
A study of this report clearly shows the need of more books
for children and the great opportunity along this line to do good.
Therefore, in view of this need I respectfully recommend that
the City increase the annual appropriation at least $300.00,
making a total of $1,500.00, in order that this good work begun
to aid the children may be carried on more effectively.
As Chairman of the Board, and seeing the needs of the
Library, I also most earnestly recommend the purchase by the
City, an addition to the present domain of the Library, of the
two lots of twenty-two and a half feet on either side of the
Library.
Trusting that these reports may commend our work to you,
and that these two recommendations may meet with favorable
consideration at your hands,
I am very respectfully,
A. L. TUCKER, Chairman.
SAVANNAH, GA., January 1, 1916.
To the Board of Trustees of the Carnegie Colored Public Library:
GENTLEMEN:
In submitting this report of the work of the Carnegie Colored
Public Library for the year ending December-31st, 1915, I am
pleased to say that there has been a marked increase in the number of those who used the library during the past year, and that
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 375
the facilities and advantages which it affords are being more and
more appreciated by those whom it is intended to serve.
This is especially noticeable in the case of the young people
and the children. The story hour recently established has been
instrumental in directing attention to the library, and has been
very successful in interesting the children in its work. The
stories told have been the means of creating in the children an
ardent desire and a keen appetite for reading.
During the short period of the existence of the story hour,
983 children have been in attendance and have listened to the
stories, and 3,535 have visited the library during the year.
When it is considered that these children are acquiring the
reading habit, that they will be the adult readers of the immediate future, and that the library is providing them with wholesome and instructive literature, the great amount of good that
is being accomplished by the library becomes at once very
evident.
Number of Volumes in Library, January 1st, 1915___ 2,656
Number of Volumes Added by Purchase
Books for Children ____________ 35
Books for Adults ______________ 69
104
Number of Volumes Added by Gift_______ 417 521
3,177
Number of Cards Issued _________________ 325
Number of Books Issued to Borrowers__________ 2,941
Number of Visitors ____________________ 2,101
Respectfully submitted,
P. A. DENEGALL, Librarian.
376 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
TREASURER'S REPORT OF CARNEGIE COLORED
PUBLIC LIBRARY FOR THE YEAR 1915
ASSETS
Appropriation by the City_______________$ 1,200.00
Amount of Demurrage Collected__________ 6.14
Amount of Rebate on Insurance_________ 1.50
Total___________________.____$ 1,207.64
EXPENDITURES
Salary of Librarian ___________________$ 415.00
Salary of Janitor ____________________ 240.00
Interest on the Option on the Two Lots East & West 150.00
Coal ____________________________ 8.00
Printing Cards for Use of the Library________ 29.75
On Account of Insurance________ 35.35
Books, Magazines and Other Periodicals______ 236.45
Lighting Library ____________________ 24.52
Other Minor Incidental Expenses Fully Reported_ 60.98
Total_______________________$ 1,200.00
Receipts _________________________$ 1,207.64
Expenditures _______________________ 1,200.00
Balance on Hand________________$ 7.64
Respectfully submitted,
JOHN McINTOSH, Treasurer.
ANNUAL REPORT
OF THE
CITY ATTORNEY
AND
REPORTS
OP THE
SINKING FUND COMMISSION
BOARD OF TAX ASSESSORS
CITY MARSHAL
CLERK OF MARKET
BUILDING INSPECTOR
HARBOR MASTER
RECORDER
OF THE
CITY OF SAVANNAH
FOR THE YEAR ENDING
DECEMBER 31
1915

REPORT OF CITY ATTORNEY
SAVANNAH, GA., January 1st, 1916.
HON. W. J: PIERPONT, Mayor,
Savannah, Ga.
DEAR SIR: I beg to submit this my report as City Attorney
for the year 1915:
CASES ON HAND AT LAST REPORT
1. The suit of Garmany vs. Mclntire, Sheriff, in which
the City is collaterally interested, is still pending in the City
Court of Savannah.
2. The injunction filed by John Nicholson, et al, against
the Park and Tree Commission of the City,.in which the plaintiffs
attempted to enjoin the enforcement of certain rules promulgated by the Park and Tree Commission, has been adjusted satisfactorily to the parties interested, and has been dismissed.
3. The case of Standard Fuel Supply Company against
the Central of Georgia Railway Company and the City to enjoin
the pavement of River Street, is still pending in the Superior
Court.
In this case, however, the City is not directly involved.
4. The case of Mabel Webb against the City for $20,000
damages alleged to have been sustained by stepping in a hole
in the sidewalk brought in the City Court of Savannah, was under direction of Council settled for $1,000.
5. The case of Fannie D. Griffin against the City claiming
$20,000 damages was similarly settled for $150.00.
6. The case of W. W. Williamson, et al, as Executors of the
estate of Schley brought suit against the City to recover $20,000
for depreciation of value of lots in Schley Ward adjoining the
right-of-way of the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Company when
the tracks of that railroad were raised, is still pending.
380 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
7. The suit of John D. Harms against the City, brought
February 27, 1913, which was taken to the Supreme Court by
the City and there the judgment of the Superior Court overruling the City's demurrer was reversed, was dismissed by Judge
Charlton on August 25, 1915. This case was then by Bill of
Exceptions appealed to the Supreme Court of Georgia where it
is now pending.
The following new cases were filed against the City during
the year 1915, in the City Court of Savannah:
1. Josephine Pitts filed suit on January 20, 1915 claiming
damages in the sum of $2,500.00 for injuries alleged to have
been sustained by stepping upon a defective part of a sidewalk
on Bay Street. This case was tried on the 1st day of December,
1915, when the plaintiff obtained a verdict for $200.00, which
was paid.
2. On April 19, -1915, C. E. Bennett brought suit for $10,-
000 for injuries alleged to have been sustained on July 13, 1913,
by stepping on a defective portion of the sidewalk on St. Julian
street. This case is still pending.
3. On April 19, 1915, Joe Simmons, John Preston, Robert
Hamilton and Morris Young filed suit against the City each
claiming damages in the sum of $1,000 for injuries alleged to
have been sustained on the 2nd day of December, 1914, when
the steps at the foot of Lincoln street leading into the river at
that point gave way and precipitated these men into the river.
These cases are still pending.
4. On October 16th, Frank Simmons filed suit against
the Mayor and Aldermen claiming damages in the sum of $1,000
for injuries alleged to have been sustained on the 10th day of
July, 1915, by stepping into a defective trap-door on Bryan
street. This suit is still pending. The heirs of the estate of
James Mclntire own the property to which the trap-door was attached and have been notified of the pendency of this suit and
vouched into Court to defend the same/
MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT 3S1
5. On October 18, 1915, J. W. Manns filed suit against the
City and Gadsden Contracting Company claiming damages for
alleged injuries sustained by him in the laying of the City's
sewers through property he had leased in the southern section
of the City. This suit, in so far as it related to the City, was
dismissed on demurrer.
6. On November 17th, Thomas Wilson filed suit against
the City claiming $500.00 damages for injuries alleged to have
been sustained on July 10, 1915 when he stepped into a defective door on Bryan Street. This is the same door that Frank
Simmons claims he stepped into. The heirs of the estate of
Mclntire have been vouched into Court in this case also. The
case is still pending.
7. On December 20th, Rev. J. M. Milton filed suit against
the City claiming damages in the sum of $5,000 for injuries
alleged to have been sustained by stepping into a defective portion of President Street. This suit is still pending.
8. On December 30, 1915, James L. Rankin filed suit
against the city for $120.00 which he claims to be*due him for
work done in the Treasurer's office in 1912. This suit is still
pending.
The following new cases against the City have been filed in
the Superior Court:
1. The cases of G. F. Hewlett, et al, filed April 24, 1915,
and C. J. Stegin, et al, filed May 4, 1915. These cases were
brought to enjoin the enforcement of the jitney bus ordinance.
They were sustained by the Superior Court but an appeal was
had from that decision to the Supreme Court, and the cases are
still pending in that court.
2. Harvey Granger and others brought suit against the
City to enjoin the enforcement of the automobile license ordinance, in which the state license tax was attacked as unconstitutional. This case was decided in favor of the petitioners and
likewise appealed to the Supreme Court where it is now pending.
382________MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT__________
3. On November 13, 1915 the Solicitor General brought a
petition against the City to validate the $400,000 bond issue.
This case was promptly concluded and the bonds issued in conformity with the law.
4. On December 14, 1915, Hagar R. Bonds brought a
suit against the City to enjoin the City from requiring her to
move a fence from Lot "S," Southville Ward, the plaintiff and
the City both claiming the title to this lot. This suit is still
pending.
5. On November 29, 1915, M. Boblasky brought a petition
for certiorari to the Superior Court from the Police Court of the
City of Savannah appealing from the decision of the Recorder
fining him for violating the City's prohibition ordinances. This
certiorari case is still pending.
6. To the October Term, 1915, W. D. Monsees, C. G.
Stegin and nineteen others brought certiorari proceedings appealing from the decisions of the Police Court fining them for violating the City's jitney bus ordinance. These cases are still pending.
7. On November 9, 1915, P. F. McDermott brought a
certiorari appealing from the decision of the Mayor sitting as
Recorder in the Police Court of the City, in which McDermott
was fined $200.00. This certiorari is still pending.
During the year, with the assistance of the Assistant City
Attorney, I have drawn a large number of contracts, passed upon
and had confirmed by the court the bond issue of $400,000 for
the further extension of the house drainage and storm sewerage
systems of the City, condemned several pieces of property for
opening streets, examined the titles to all property purchased by
the City and either drawn or superintended the drawing of all
ordinances and most of the resolutions introduced in council. I
have rendered numerous opinions to the different officers of the
City, attended all meetings of Council and many committee meetings, and on a number of occasions at the request of City officers
I have appeared in Police Court to prosecute persons charged
with violating City ordinances.
__________MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT________383
I particularly wish to commend the Assistant City Attorney,
Mr. David S. Atkinson, for the valuable aid and assistance he has
rendered me. Besides assisting in the preparation of many of my
opinions and the trial of cases in court, he has had complete
charge of investigating the titles of property purchased by the
City, and the drafting of most of the ordinances. All of his
duties he has ably and promptly performed.
Respectfully submitted,
JOHN ROURKE, JR.,
City Attorney.
384
~~i""
MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
ANNUAL REPORT OF SINKING FUND
COMMISSION
Savannah, Ga., January 1, 1916.
HON. W. J. PIERPONT, Mayor,
City of Savannah.
DEAR SIR:
The "Sinking Fund Commissioners" respectfully submit
their thirty-sixth Annual Report.
We have purchased only 18,000 bonds of the issue of 1909,
and none of the issue of 1913 during the year; although we have
advertised, there seems no disposition to offer any of the above
issues unless at a much higher figure than the Board were inclined to paythis accounts for so few bonds acquired.
The amount available for 1915, these issues
$30,000$1,000 _______________$ 31,000.00
Carried over from last report__________ 55,000.00
$ 86,000.00
Cost of the $18,000$107.00 and interest _ 19,577.25
Bal. to credit of Sinking Fund, Dec. 31, 1915_$ 66,422.75
Total debt of 1909_______$2,385,000.00
Total debt for 1913______ 213,000.00
$2,598,000.00
Respectfully submitted,
GEO. J. MILLS, Chairman,
CHARLES G. BELL,
JOHN F. PAULSEN,
LEOPOLD ADLER.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 385
ANNUAL REPORT OF BOARD OF TAX ASSESSORS
Savannah, Ga., January 1, 1916.
To the Honorable The Mayor and Aldermen of the City of
Savannah, Savannah, Ga.
SIRS:
Following is the report of the Board of Tax Assessors for
the year 1915:
Assessed Valuations For Taxation
Real Estate ______________________$ 38,923,132
Personalty ______________________ 17,830,171
Franchises (less exemptions) ____________ 895,627
Assessment on Real Estate, omitted through error
and subsequently placed on books_______ 1,700
Total for 1915 __________________$ 57,650,630
Total for 1914 ________________ 56,492,817
Gain during the year _____________$ 1,157,813
Assessment of new buildings completed during 1915
First Quarter __________________ 98,360
Second Quarter _________________ 178,625
Third Quarter __________________ 167,345
Fourth Quarter _________________ 225,085
Total ____________________$ 669,415
Respectfully submitted,
G. NOBLE JONES, Chairman,
JOSEPH M. DREYER,
DANIEL T. ELLIOTT.
Assessors.
3S6 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
ANNUAL REPORT OF CITY MARSHAL
Savannah, Ga., January 1, 1916.
Hox. W. J. PIERPONT, Mayor,
Executive Office.
DEAR SIR:
I have the honor to submit herewith my annual report for
the year 1915, same being my third report.
The collections from all sources amounted to $69,871.54, as
per itemized statement attached, an increase of $15,672.48 over
the previous year.
GROUND RENTSAll lots reported to this office by the City
Treasurer have been re-entered for arrears of rent, as required
by ordinance.
REAL ESTATEThis item shows a total collection of $20,-
807.58, being the largest amount collected from any specific
item during the year, showing an increase of $4,194.89 over the
previous year.
PERSONAL PROPERTYReceipts from this source amount to
$6,135.67, which is the largest amount that has ever been collected from this source by the Marshal's Office.
SPECIFICThis item shows a total of $16,550.89, an increase
of $2,283.70, which is largely attributed to the hard and efficient
work of the Deputy Marshal.
NEAR BEERThis item shows a collection of $4,380.00,
which is also a large increase over the previous year.
PAVING ASSESSMENTSThis item shows a collection of $13,-
136.61, which is an increase of $5,224.58 over 1914.
SIDEWALK CHARGESDuring the past year, through the cooperation of the Chief Engineer's Office, we have succeeded in
disposing of a large number of Executions for Sidewalk Repair
Charges which have accumulated in this office since 1909. This
item shows an increase of $1,054.42.
SINK CLEANING FEESThis item shows a total collection of
$200.65.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 387
MARKET RENTSThis item shows a collection of $4,974.36,
a decrease of $667.47, owing to the fact that the Market Committee reduced the rental on the three front Fish Stalls in the
Market, and several of the Fish Dealers having surrendered
their leases.
CITV PROPERTY RENTSThis item shows a collection of
$162.00, which is a slight increase over 1914.
EXECUTION FEESThis item shows a total of $1,165.00, an
increase of $83.14 over 1914.
In addition to our usual work this office served 945 Sidewalk Repair, New Sidewalk and Street Paving Notices issued
through the Chief Engineer's office.
I attribute the continued, increase in Specific and Personal
Property to the new system of personal delivery of notices to
all delinquents, and the hard and efficient work of the Deputy
Marshal with the assistance of the clerk in the office.
Owing to the city constantly growing larger, and the increasing number of business houses being established, I would
respectfully recommend that you appoint an additional Deputy
Marshal.
In conclusion I desire to express my thanks and appreciation to the Police Department, and also the Recorder, John E.
Schwarz, for their assistance and co-operation during the past
year.
Respectfully submitted,
GEO. D. SEMKEN,
City Marshal.
388 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
CITY MARSHAL'S OFFICE
Itemized Statement of Collections, Year Ending
December 31st, 1915
Real Estate1900__________________$ 1.45
1901____________ 1.45
1902____________ 1.10
1907____________ 12.77
1908____________ 13.77
1909____________ 15.15
1910____________ 21.85
1911____________ 88.09
1912_____________ 272.92
1913_____________ 3,769.14
1914____________ 16,533.30 ' "
1915____________ 76.59$20,807.58
Personal Property
1912____________$ 3.47
1913____________ 129.28
1914___^________ 2,195.78
1915____________ 3,807.14$ 6,135.67
Specific
1913___________$ 197.00
1914____________ 713.50
1915____________ 15,640.39$16,550.89
Near Beer
1915____________$ 4,380.00$ 4,380.00
Paving Assessments
J906____________$ 10.00
1909____________ 2.00
1910____________ 140.40
1911____________ 15.00
1912____________ 295.10
1913____________ 1,609.47
1914____________ 3,854.78
1915____________ 7,209.86$13,136.61
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 389
Sidewalk Charges
1909____________$ 7.31
1910____________ .82
1911____________ 136.52
1912____________ 134.14
1913____________ 280.57
1914____________ 911.45
1915____________ 411.18$ 1,881.99
Sink Cleaning Fees
- 1908____________$ 4.00
1911____________ 4.00
1912____________ 4.00
1913_____-______ 31.00
1914____________ 31.50
1915____________ 126.15$ 200.65
Market Rents
1914____________$ 237.75
1915____________ 4,736.61$ 4,974.36
City Property Rents
1914____________$ 34.00
1915____________ 128.00-4 162.00
Execution Fees
. 1907____________$ 1.00
1908_____t_________ 2.00
1909_____________ 3.00
1910____________ 7.00
1911____________ 10.00
1912____________ 16.00
1913^___________ 82.00
1914____________ 517.00
1 1915_____________ 527.00$ 1,165.00
Interest__________$ 111.03$ 111.03
Advertising________ 46.00 46.00
Miscellaneous ______ 319.76 319.76
Total___-________$ $69,871.54
390 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
ANNUAL REPORT OF CLERK OF THE MARKET
SAVANNAH, GA., January 1, 1916.
HON. W. J. PIERPONT, Mayor,
DEAR SIR:
I beg to submit the financial report of the City Market for
the year just closed, as follows:
Rents Collected by Rents Collected
MONTH Clerk of Market by City Marshal
January _ ________ $ 908.50 $ 656.43
February _______ 885.50 394.18
March _________ 1,105.50 463.18
April __________ 877.00 376.18
May __________ 886.50 361.43
June __________ 1,083.50 251.84
July __________ 862.00 482.52
August _________ 1,098.00 333.43
September ______ 880.50 378.43
October ________ 861.50 368.43
November.______ 1,070.50 343.43
December _______ 868.00 572.18
Total ______ $11,38^00 " $4,981.66
Less Discount____ 43.20
$11,387.00 $4,938.46
Comparative Statement of Receipts, Etc., for Two Years
Market fees collected by Clerk__ ____ __
Market rents collected by Clerk- _ _ __
Market rents collected by City Marshal. _____
Total _ __ __________ _
Expenses _ __ _ _ _ _____ _
1915
__ __ $ 3,619.10
11,387.00
4,938.46
___ $19,944.56
_ __ 7,482.28
1914
$ 3,679.20
11,349.50
5,591.32
$20,620.02
8,457.98
Increase Decrease
$ 60.10
$ 37.50
652.86
$675.46
975.70
Net Revenue _____________________ $12,462.28 $12,162.04 $300.24
Your attention is invited to the fact that the market rents collected by the Clerk increased $37.50 over
the previous year. The collection of market fees decreased $60.10, caused by bad year for the truck fanning interests. The collections by the City Marshal decreased $652.86, chiefly because of reduction in rent
of fish stalls.
I beg to repeat the statement in my last year's report that if the facilities of the market were improved
the income would assuredly increase proportionately and the service to the public be greatly bettered.
With the assistance of the Chief Food Inspector and his Assistants, the sanitary condition of the market
was maintained at a higher standard than ever before. The Clerk of the Market has earnestly endeavored
to keep everything as clean as possible, and to promptly destroy all unsanitary food.
Close attention was given to the weights and measures, and all improper measures were destroyed.
The Clerk of the Market thanks the Market Committee for their kind interest and constant assistance.
Respectfully submitted,
GEORGE LEWIN, Clerk of Market.
w
3XI
-3
392 iMAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
ANNUAL REPORT OF BUILDING INSPECTOR
Savannah, Ga., January 1, 1916.
HON. W. J. PIERPONT, Mayor, Savannah, Ga.
DEAR SIR: I beg to hand you my report for the year 1915:
Number of Permits Issued in 1915___591
Number of Buildings Completed_____554
Number of Buildings Unfinished for 1915_ 37
Number of Buildings Not Built______ 24
204 Two-Story Frame Buildings (Cost) ______$ 468,850
193 One-Story Frame Buildings ___________ 131,240
3 Two-Story Brick Veneered ___________ 20,500
13 Two-Story Brick Buildings ____________ 55,900
7 Three-Story Brick Buildings ___________ 107,000
55 Two-Story Frame Buildings Remodeled _____ 41,250
1 Two-Story Brick Warehouse ___________ 17,000
1 Nine-Story Concrete Hotel ____________ 150,000
1 Two-Story Brick School House _________ 60,000
1 Five-Story Brick Bank Building Remodeled___ 75,000
1 Three-Story Re-inforced Concrete Feed Mill__ 10,000
1 One-Story Brick and Stone Library_______._ 65,000
. Ocean Steamship Co. to Superstructure____ 300,000
Ocean Steamship Co. Docks and Wharves______ 500,000
1 One-Story Steel Construction for Cotton Shed_ 15,000
28 One-Story Brick Buildings _________ 34,150
32 New Porches on Frame Buildings______ 3,775
10 Two-Story Frame Apartments ___________ 38,900
56 One-Story Frame Buildings Remodeled _____ 14,800
22 Two-Story Brick Buildings Remodeled_____ 40,850
7 Three-Story Brick Buildings Remodeled____ 14,050
60 One-Story Frame Garages ___________ 13,460
28 One-Story Frame Stables _____ 4,235
Total_______________________$ 2,180,960
27 Buildings Brought Over From 1914_________$ 53,775
Very respectfully,
JOHN R. EASON, Building Inspector.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 393
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE HARBOR MASTER
SAVANNAH, GA., January 1, 1916.
HON. WALLACE J. PIERPONT, Mayor,
Savannah, Ga.
DEAR SIR:
I submit herewith statement showing the number of vessels
arriving at this port during the year 1915, giving the net tonnage
of same, also amount collected for harbor fees.
The inland steamers and small craft plying local waters, of
which there are quite a number, are not included in the statement.
Included in the American steamers, there are twenty-one
vessels with a net tonnage of 58,249 tons that took cargoes to
foreign ports.
Respectfully submitted,
THOMAS H. LAIRD,
Harbor Master. .
Coastwise vessels and barges handling solid cargoes in and
out of the Port of Savannah during the year 1915.
Inward Cargoes
10 Vessels_______11,594 Tons_____Hard Coal
44 Vessels._____45,922 Tons_____Soft Coal
5 Vessels_______ 4,434 Tons_____Cement
8 Vessels________ 5,607 Tons_____Fertilizers
6 Vessels________ 6,032 Tons_____Gravel
3 Vessels_______ 3,065 Tons_____Phosphate Rock
4 Vessels________ 3,517 Tons_____Salt
4 Vessels..-____ 6,565 Tons_____Stone (crushed)
84 86,736
Outward Cargoes
10 Vessels With 218,803 Cross Ties__ 9,407,375 feet lumber
16 Vessels With 8,865 Piling ____ 7,141,500 feet lumber
32 Vessels With Lumber _______14,849,880 feet lumber
58 Vessels 31,398,755 feet lumber
VESSELS ARRIVING AT SAVANNAH DURING THE YEAR 1915
MONTH
1915
February __
April ____
July __ ....
September
No%'ember _
December ...
T6tal
Ar
St
1'
60
55
56
54
58
54
58
60
59
62
56
52
684
nerlcan
earners
n
1
141,625
130,314
131,750
138,466
143,601
128,745
155,290
151,259
149,859
154,520
146,220
132,517
1,704,166
American
Kail
<J
55
12
3
10
4
1
4
5
2
3
2
2
2
*50

1
6,836
2,035
10,604
2,168
577
2,504
2,862
1,500
2,051
903
2,354
748
35,142
Foreign
Steamers
i
49
38
30
17
18
5
8
8
12
27
19
10
241
M

H
88,664
69,100
53,016
33,738
39,215
8,252
16,816
16,943
23,022
49,648
35,359
15,290
449,072
Foreign
Sail
6 'A
1
3
2
6
1
1
1
4
19
OQ
1
1,462
3,817
' 3,361
7,142
786
1,775
365
4,536
23,244
1
1
3
a
i
2
1
3
3
17
Tugs

s
122
G8G
6!>G
199
356
126
301
634
3,110
Barges
d
X
1
1
3
6
7
4
2
6
6
8
9
12
65
S

922
922
2,317
4,638
(5,322
2.633
.1,399
4,194
4,427
5,252
5,747
7,125
45,898
Harbor
Foes
875.00
757.00
691.42
421.00
450.00
199.22
254.60
245.00
337.60
542.00
398.00
383.66
5,553,88
Foreign Vessels
by Nationality
British _
Chile __ .._
Danish __ _
Dutch ___ -
Italian . _ _
Norwegian
Total __.
d
?,
2
88
1
28
12
1
4
8
1
39
4
22
31
241
'e *!
5,228
201,161
1,653
37,436
23,687
4,234
9,648
19,992
1,242
50,923
6,110
39,809
44,959
449,072
o &
tn
>
X
X
cl
"a
O
Recapitulation925 Steamers, 2,153,238 Tons; 69 Sail Vessels, 58,386 Tons; 17 Tugs, 3,110 Tons; 65
Barges, 45,898 Tons. Making a Grand Total of 1,076 Vessels with 2,260,632 Net Tons.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 395
ANNUAL REPORT OF RECORDER
SAVANNAH, GA., January 1, 1916.
HON. W. J. PIERPONT,
Mayor of Savannah, City.
DEAR SIR:
I beg herewith in compliance with your request to submit
my annual report for the year 1915.
The report is identical with the details furnished by the
Chief of Police covering arrests, convictions, acquittals, suspensions, sentences imposed, fines collected and every other incident
and circumstance connected with or appertaining to both the
Police Court and the Police Department.
Respectfully submitted,
JOHN E. SCHWARZ,
Recorder of Savannah.

ORDINANCES
OF THE
CITY OF SAVANNAH
TOGETHER WITH
IMPORTANT RESOLUTIONS, COMMUNICATIONS AND REPORTS
ADOPTED DURING THE YEAR
1915
ComtibJ by
THOMAS HALLIGAN
Cltrk of Council

ORDINANCES
ATLANTIC COAST LINE R. R.LAYING OF SEWER
PIPE ACROSS RIGHT-OF-WAY
Resolution by Committee on Drainage:
Resolved, by the mayor and aldermen of the city of Savannah, in council assembled, That the said city enter into the
contract regarding the laying of a sewer pipe across the rightof-way of the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Company, hereto
attached and marked Exhibit -"A," and the mayor is authorized
to execute the same in the name and behalf of said city.
Adopted and Approved April 28, 1915.
EXHIBIT "A."
This agreement, made and entered into this___________
day of_______, 1915, by and between the Atlantic
Coast Line Railroad Company, a corporation created and organized under and by virtue of the laws of the state of Virginia,
party of the first part; and the mayor and aldermen of the city
of Savannah, a municipal corporation, under the laws of the
state of Georgia, party of the second part:
Witnesseth: That the party of the first part for and in consideration of the sum of one dollar, to it in hand paid by the
party of the second part, the receipt whereof is hereby acknowledged, and the performance of the covenants hereinafter contained on the part of the party of the second part, does hereby
give and grant unto the said party of the second part, the right
and privilege to lay, under the tracks and across the right of
way of the party of the first part in the city of Savannah, Georgia, one twenty-four (24) inch cast iron sewer pipe at Fiftieth
street, 1,379 feet west of mile post 52 of the Atlantic Coast Line
Railroad Company's main line in the city of Savannah, Georgia,
as shown in red on plat attached hereto and made a part hereof;
said pipe to be placed nine (9) feet below base of rails.
-WO MAYOR'S AXXt'AL REPORT
This privilege is granted to the said party of the second
part upon the express condition, and it is a part of the consideration for this contract, that the party of the second part shall lay
and maintain said pipe in a manner satisfactory to the engineer
of roadway of the party of the first part, and in the event that
the said pipe shall become in need of repairs, the said party
of the second part shall repair same upon notice given to it by
the said party of the first part; and upon the failure of the said
party of the second part to make such repairs, the said party of the
first part may make all necessary repairs; but at the cost of the
party of the second part, which said cost the party of the second
part hereby agrees and promises to pay on demand.
It is further understood and agreed that the said party of
the second part shall assume entire responsibility for all damages caused in any manner by the said pipe to the property or
employees of the party of the first part or to any other person
or property, and that the said party of the second part shall
protect and save harmless the said party of the first part from
any and all damages and losses caused in any manner from the
said pipe howsoever resulting.
It is also understood and agreed that the party of the second
part will at any time, upon thirty days' written notice given to
it by the party of the first part, change and alter the location of
sand pipe line to conform to any changes or improvements that
may be made by the party of the first part in its tracks or roadway at said location.
It is further understood and agreed that this agreement shall
not be binding until it has been ratified by proper ordinance or
resolution of the city council of the party of the second part, a
copy of which resolution or ordinance is attached hereto and
made part of this contract.
In Witness Whereof, the said party of the first part has
caused this contract to be signed in duplicate by its general
superintendent, and the party of the second part has caused the
same to be signed by its mayor, attested by its clerk of council,
and approved and ratified by its city council in session at a
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 401
duly authorized and called meeting of said body, and its corporate
seal affixed on the day and year first above written.
ATLANTIC COAST LINE RAILROAD COMPANY,
By______________________-____ _____________
General Superintendent.
Witness as to signature of Supt. A. C. L. Railroad Co.:
N. P. Chatham County, Georgia.
THE MAYOR AND ALDERMEN OF THE
CITY OF SAVANNAH,
Mayor.
Witness as to signature of City Officers.
N. P. Chatham County, Georgia.
Attest________________________.
Clerk of Council.
AUDITORIUM SITEMESSAGE FROM MAYOR
DAYANT ON
Savannah, Ga., March 6, 1915.
The Board of Aldermen, City:
Gentlemen: The auditorium bonds having been sold and
the money now on deposit to the credit of the city and the business interests of the city being naturally anxious for as prompt
action as possible "in the selection of a site, the preparation of
plans and the actual construction of the auditorium, in order
that we may be able to invite large conventions to Savannah
for 1916, I feel that the city council should at once begin the
402 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
consideration of the site question, it being impossible to take
any steps as to plans until that has been decided..
With this in mind, I would suggest that your honorable body
at once constitute itself into a committee of Ole whole for the
purpose-of considering the suggestions that have already been
sent to the mayor, as well as others that may now be tendered,
having one or more public hearings in order that every possible
site may receive due consideration and the arguments of those
favoring it be heard in detail.
In this connection I beg to submit for your careful consideration the propriety of using the site of the present city
market for a building that will combine an auditorium with a
market. As every member of council is aware, the present
market is inherently defective for the purposes for which it
is used. Large sums have been expended upon it without converting it into a satisfactory market building. Further large
expenditures are required to convert it into anything approaching a modern, sanitary market, and even then it will remain unsatisfactory in many respects, there being certain defects that
cannot be remedied except at a prohibitive cost.
The site is one that commends itself to all business men.
The area is sufficient for an auditorium with large seating capacity and with the various committee rooms, broad aisles, wide
lobbies and other features that an auditorium of the first class
should possess. It will give the finest lighting and ventilating
opportunities, the facilities for ingress and exit can be made
most ample, and the transportation facilities to it from every
part of the city excel those offered by any other site that has
been suggested. In the very heart of the business section, it
will bring visitors to the center of the retail district and will
make the auditorium the feeder to local business interests that
it is designed, in a measure, to be.
Such a use of the present market site appears to me in no
wise inconsistent with the purposes for which the auditorium
bonds were issued. The entire amount derived from their sale
will be used in the construction of the building. From the general funds in the city treasury can be appropriated money for
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 403
the construction of an up-to-date refrigerator plant in the market and for the entire equipment of that portion of the building
along the most approved sanitary lines. By this means an
auditorium much larger and much better equipped for its purposes can be had than if the city is called upon to expend
$50,000 to $60,000 for a site elsewhere that will not be as large
or as advantageously located. At the same time provision can
be made for the entire elimination of the street traffic that has
for years surrounded the present market and added to the unsanitary conditions affecting it. In Franklin Square sheds can
be erected and provision made there for the sale of produce
from country wagons. By this means a source of trash will be
eliminated from the vicinity of the auditorium-market building
and the approaches to it kept entirely clean. The streets surrounding can probably be somewhat broadened.
The effect of the erection of the auditorium on the site
indicated would undoubtedly be a speedy improvement in the
character of the buildings surrounding the square and on the
streets near by. In fact, it is easy to appreciate a decided
stimulus being given to retail trade in that locality and the
pressure on Broughton street being relieved to some extent.
With a modern market available, comparing most favorably
with those of the North and West that are recognized as setting
the standard to-day, the class of food supplies handled will be
improved and the whole atmosphere of the market will be bettered. With an auditorium of the size and character that will
be possible under this plan Savannah can invite any convention
that gathers in the United States with an assurance of facilities
available for the proper transaction of its business. ' In presenting these arguments for your consideration, and for the consideration of all of our fellow citizens, I have but one object in
view, the promotion of the interests of Savannah along two lines
that fortunately can here be united and worked out, it appears
to me, to the satisfaction of everyone.
Respectfully submitted,
R. J. DAVANT, Mayor.
Received as Information in Council March 10, 1915.
404 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
AUDITORIUM SITEREPORT ON
To the Honorable Board of Aldermen, City of Savannah:
Gentlemen: The committee to which was referred the
question of recommendation of a site for auditorium, beg to
report as follows:
After a thorough investigation in regard to selection of
combined market and auditorium, we find it would be necessary
to put that part of the building to be used for market purposes
in strictly modern condition, installing refrigerating plant and
do other work necessary to the market, will cause a large appropriation from the current funds of the city, as none of the
bonds' money could be used for this purpose. Even if the city
was in condition this year, or at the beginning of the next current year, to cause this outlay we have cortcluded after mature
deliberation that we should respectfully recommend that the
market be eliminated for auditorium purposes.
The committee has considered the two other sites to which
they were restricted, and after careful consideration respectfully
recommend that the two trust blocks to the west of Orleans
Square, commonly known as the Habersham property, and the
block to the north be acquired, and that McDonough street be
closed by an act of the legislature, and that the auditorium be
erected upon this site.
Respectfully submitted,
JNO. E. FOY.
R. J. DAVANT.
Adopted and Approved.
I concur as to recommendation that city market site be
eliminated, but dissent as to recommendation that Habersham
site be acquired for auditorium purposes.
In Council August 4, 1915.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 405
AUDITORIUM BONDSDATE AUTHORIZED
By Finance Committee:
An ordinance to authorize the sale of $200,000 face" value
in bonds of the city of Savannah, issued for the purpose of the
purchase of a site for and the erection of a public auditorium.
Section 1. Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen ot
the city of Savannah in council assembled, that $200,000 face
value of bonds bearing date, the 15th day of October, 1914,
issued for the purchase of a site for and the erection of a public
auditorium, be and the same are, awarded as follows, to-wit:
$102,000 of said bonds maturing from 1915 to 1931 inclusive, to
the Oglethorpe Savings & Trust'Company, of the City of Savannah, for the sum of I01J/2 and accrued interest; and $98,000 of
said bonds maturing from 1932 to 1939, inclusive, to John L.
Hammond & Company, of the city of Savannah, at 101.78 and
accrued interest.
Sec. 2. Be it further ordained that all ordinances and parts
of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance, be and the same
are, hereby repealed.
Ordinance Passed February 17, 1915.
AUTOMOBILES, HACKS, ETC.REGULATING
RATES FOR
By Committee on Police:
i
An ordinance to amend an ordinance adopted by council
April 15, 1915, and entitled, "An ordinance to prescribe fares
and rates to be charged by automobiles, hacks and all passenger
and baggage vehicles in the city of Savannah; to provide a
penalty for the violation thereof and for other purposes," and
the amendment thereof, and for other purposes.
Section 1. Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of
the city of Savannah, in council assembled, That the ordinance
adopted by council April 15, 1914, entitled, "An ordinance to
406 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
prescribe fares and rates to be charged by automobiles, hacks
and all passenger and baggage vehicles in the city of Savannah;
to provide a penalty for the violation thereof and for other purposes, as amended by an ordinance adopted July 22, 1914, be
and the same is hereby further amended by striking from said
ordinance as amended subsection "A" of section 1 and inserting
in lieu thereof the following:
"(a) Within the district bounded as follows: Commencing
at the foot or northern end of Randolph street and running south
on Randolph street to Liberty street (including Tybee depot and
yards), thence west on Liberty street to East Broad street;
thence south on East Broad to Gwinnett street; thence east on
Gwinnett street to Atlantic avenue; thence south on Atlantic
avenue to Fortieth street; thence west on Fortieth street to
West Boundary street; thence north along the western line of
West Boundary street (including the Brinson Railroad depot
and Laurel Grove Cemetery) to Bay street; thence west along
Bay street to the western city limits; thence north along the
line of the western city limits to the Savannah river; thence
east along the southern line of the Savannah river to the point
of beginning, the rate of transporting passengers by all horsedrawn vehicles, from one point to another within said boundaries
shall not exceed twenty-five (25c) for each passenger.
Sec. 2. Be it ordained that all .ordinances and parts of
ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be, and the same are
hereby, repealed.
Ordinance Passed November 24, 1915.
AUTOMOBILES AND MOTORCYCLESREGULATING
By Committee on Police:
An ordinance to amend an ordinance entitled, "An ordinance
to amend an ordinance to regulate automobiles, motorcycles and
other vehicles in the city of Savannah, to provide for the regis-
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 407
tration of automobiles, motorcycles and similar vehicles; to prescribe rules to regulate traffic upon the streets and lanes of said
city, and for other purposes," approved January 21, 1914.
Section 1. Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of
the city of Savannah, in council assembled, That the ordinance
approved by council January 21, 1914, and entitled "An ordinance to amend an ordinance to regulate automobiles, motorcycles
and other vehicles in the city of Savannah, and to provide for the
registration of automobiles, motorcycles and similar vehicles; to
prescribe rules regulating traffic upon the streets and lanes of
said city, and for other purposes," be and the same is hereby
amended by inserting in lieu of the words "first day of March"
as they occur in the first section of said ordinance the words
"first day of May."
Sec. 2. Be it further ordained, That all ordinances and
parts of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance, be and the
same are, hereby pepealed.
Ordinance Passed April 14, 1915.
BICYCLES AND MOTORCYCLESDEALERS TO REPORT PURCHASES OF SECOND-HAND
By Alderman Daniel:
An ordinance to require dealers in bicycles and motorcycles
to report purchases of second hand bicycles and motorcycles to
the police department; to prescribe a penalty for the violation
of same, and for other purposes.
Section 1. Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of
the city of Savannah in council assembled that it is hereby
made the duty of all retail dealers in bicycles and motorcycles,
doing business in the city of Savannah, to make daily reports to
the chief of police of said city by ten o'clock city time, each
morning, of all purchases of second-hand bicycles and motorcycles, giving the make and factory number of the bicycle or
bicycles and motorcycles and such descriptions as will make
identification of same easy.
408 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
Section 2. Be it further ordained that every violation of
the provisions of these ordinances shall be punishable before
the police court of the city of Savannah, by a fine not to exceed
fifty ($50.00) dollars and imprisonment not to exceed ten (10)
days, either or both, in the discretion of the court; and in addition to this, the license of such party so violating this ordinance
shall be subject to revocation by the mayor of the city of
Savannah.
Section 3. Be it further ordained that all ordinances and
parts of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be and the
same are hereby repealed.
Ordinance Passed March 17, 1915.
BICYCLES AND MOTORCYCLESDEALERS TO REPORT PURCHASES OF
X
By Alderman Daniel:
An ordinance to amend an ordinance entitled, "An ordinance
to require dealers in bicycles and motorcycles to report purchases of second-hand bicycles and motorcycles to the police
department; to prescribe a penalty for the violation of same, and
for other purposes.
Section 1. Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of the
city of Savannah, in council assembled, that an ordinance entitled, "An ordinance to require dealers in bicycles and motorcycles to report purchases cf second-hand bicycles and motorcycles to the police department; to prescribe a penalty for the
violation of same," be and the same is hereby amended by adding after the words bicycles and motorcycles, in the tenth and
eleventh lines of said ordinance in the printed proceedings of
council the words, as well as all second-hand bicycles and motorcycles repaired by said retail dealers or repairers, so that when
said section is amended shall read as follows:
"Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of the city of
Savannah, in council assembled, that it is hereby made the dutj
of all retail dealers in bicycles and motorcycles doing business
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 409
in the city of Savannah to make daily reports to the chief of
police of said city by 10 o'clock, city time, each morning, of all
purchases of second-hand bicycles and motorcycles, as well as
all second-hand bicycles and motorcycles repaired by said retail
dealers or repairers, giving the make and factory number of the
bicycle or bicycles and motorcycles and such descriptions as will
make identification of same easy.
Sec. 2. Be it further ordained that all ordinances or parts
of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be, and the same are,
hereby repealed.
Ordinance Passed August 18, 1915.
BONDSHOUSE DRAINAGE AND STORM SEWERAGE SYSTEM
By Committee on Finance:
An ordinance to provide for the issuance of $400,000.00 face
value in bonds of the city of Savannah, the proceeds of the sale
of said bonds to be used for the extension of the house drainage
and storm sewerage systems of the city of Savannah, and to
provide for the assessment and collection of an annual tax to pay
the principal and interest on saidv bond issue of $400,000.00; to
provide for the annual maturity of bonds in consonance with the
resolution passed by the mayor and aldermen of the city of
Savannah in council assembled on the 7th day of July, 1915
and for other purposes.
Whereas, on the 12th day of October, 1915, an election
called by the mayor and aldermen of the city of Savannah, in
council assembled, by resolution adopted July 7, 1915, was held
by the qualified voters of the city of Savannah under the terms
and provisions of an act of the legislature of Georgia, approved
October 14, 1879, to be found on pages 40 and 41 of the Georgia
laws for the years 1878-79, and embodied in article 1 chapter
3, volume 1, of the code of the state of Georgia (1910) to determine the question whether the city of Savannah would incur a
debt by the issuance of bonds to the amount of $400 ooo on fac*
410 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
value, the proceeds of the sale of said bonds to be used for the
extension of the house drainage and storm sewerage systems of
the city of Savannah, the said election having been held at the
court house in and for the county of Chatham and state of
Georgia, under rules and regulations governing elections of the
mayor and aldermen of the city of Savannah, and under provisions of law relating to municipal elections as amended by an
act of the legislature of Georgia, approved August 15, 1910, entitled, "An act to provide for the registration of voters prior to
any municipal election in the city of Savannah, Georgia, touching the issuance of its municipal bonds; to make all needful
rules and regulations for the same, and to require that no person
be permitted to vote unless registered, and for other purposes,"
notice of said election as required by law having been given for
the space of thirty days next preceding the day of election in the
Savannah Morning News, the newspaper in which the sheriff's
advertisements for the county of Chatham are published, and
Whereas, the said resolution calling said election provided
that said issue of bonds should be divided into two hundred
bonds of five hundred ($500.00) dollars each, face value, and
three hundred bonds of one thousand ($1,000.00) dollars each,
face value, payable within twenty-five (25) years from their
date, and bearing interest, payable semi-annually, at the rate of
four and one-half per cent. (4]/2 %) per annum, and
Whereas, the said resolution provided that said bonds should
be paid and retired as follows: At the expiration of the first
year of their life, $4,000.00 face value of said bonds shall be
paid and retired, and each and every year thereafter an increase of $1,000.00 face value of bonds over and above the
previous amount of bonds retired shall be paid and retired; that
is to say, the second annual payment shall include and retire
bonds of the face value of $5,000.00; the third annual payment
shall include and retire bonds of the face value of $6,000.00,
and so on, the payments adding each year $1,000.00 of the face
value of bonds to the number last paid and retired, thus retiring
all of the bonds by their maturity, and
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 411
Whereas, the said resolution further provided that a sinking
fund should be established for the purpose of carrying out said
plan of payment and retirement of said bonds, and
Whereas, the result of said election was declared on the
13th day of October, 1915, by the said mayor and aldermen of
the city of Savannah in council assembled, the officers calling
or ordering the election in the presence of and together with
the several managers, who brought up the election returns,
and
Whereas, the said election resulted in favor of the issuance
of said bonds, and
Whereas, the Honorable Walter G. Charlton, judge of the
Superior Court of Chatham county, eastern judicial circuit of
Georgia, did on the 27th day of November, 1915, as provided
by law, render a judgment confirming and validating the issuance
of the said bonds, now, therefore,
Section 1. Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of
the city of Savannah, in council assembled, under the authority
aforesaid, that the said mayor and aldermen of the city of
Savannah, for the purpose of extending the house drainage and
storm sewerage systems of the city of Savannah, shall issue
bonds of the city of Savannah to the principal amount of
$400,000.00 face value, and said issue of bonds is hereby authorized. The said issue of bonds shall be divided into two hundred
bonds of five hundred ($500.00) dollars each, face value, and
three hundred bonds of one thousand ($1,000.00) dollars each,
face value. The said bonds shall bear date of issue the 1st day
of March, 1916, and shall be payable in gold coin or its equivalent,
shall bear interest at the rate of four and one-half (4}/2%) per
cent, per annum, payable semi-annually, and this interest shall
be represented by coupons attached to said bonds. Said coupons
shall be lithographed or engraved with a facsimile of the signature of the city treasurer. Interest on said bonds shall be payable in the cities of New York and Savannah at the option of
the holder. The proceeds from the sale of said bonds shall be
used by the city of Savannah for said extension of the house
drainage and storm sewerage systems of the city of Savannah.
412 -MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
Section 2. Be it further ordained that a tax shall be levied,
assessed and collected annually on all taxable property in the
city of Savannah, sufficient in amount to pay the principal and
interest at their respective maturities of the said $400,000.00
house drainage and storm sewerage system bonds; the said
bonds shall mature, be paid and retired as follows: At the expiration of the first year of their life $4,000.00, face value, of
said bonds shall be paid and retired, and each and every year
thereafter an increase of $1,000.00, face value, of bonds over
and above the previous amount of bonds retired shall be paid
and retired; that is to say, the second annual payment shall
include and retire bonds of the face value of $5,000.00, the third
annual payment shall include and retire bonds of the face value of
$6,000.00, and so on, the payments adding each year $1,000.00
of the face value of bonds to the number last paid and retired,
thus retiring all of the bonds by their maturity.
Section 3. Be it further ordained that said bonds shall be
sold at the highest and best prices obtainable from bidders for
same, but in no event for less than their face value, and the
mayor and aldermen of the city of Savannah and the finance
committee of said city are hereby clothed with full power and
authority touching the sale and delivery of said bonds, either as
a whole or in such amounts and from time to time as they may
deem best; and they are further clothed with full power and
authority touching all other matters pertaining to the issuance,
form and disposition of said bonds not herein specifically provided.
Section 4. Be it further ordained that this ordinance and
the provisions hereof, relative to the expiration, retirement and
maturity of said indebtedness, shall be and is hereby made a
contract by the mayor and aldermen of the city of Savannah
with any and all persons holding any or all of said bonds representing said indebtedness.
Section 5. Be it further ordained that all ordinances and
parts of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance are hereby
repealed.
Ordinance Passed December 22, 1915.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 413
GARBAGE, ETC.COLLECTION OF
By Committee on Streets and Lanes:
An ordinance to revise, consolidate and amend the several
ordinances of the city of Savannah having reference to the collection of garbage and other refuse, the use of receptacles for
garbage and other refuse and for other purposes.
Section 1. Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of
the city of Savannah, in council assembled, and it is hereby
ordained by the authority of same, that the chief engineer of
the city of Savannah shall have full and complete control of the
scavenger department, including the removal of garbage from
yards, streets, lanes and other portions of the city.
Sec. 2. Be it further ordained that it shall be the duty of
the chief engineer to have collected in a proper and sanitary
manner from all parts of the city refuse consisting of household,
hotel and restaurant garbage; all rubbish, excluding building material debris; from market, households, hotels, restaurants and
stores; ashes and cinders except from manufacturing plants and
stable sweepings and to carry and deposit same either at the
destructor plant or at any such place or places that meet with
the approval of the health department and the committee on
streets and lanes. The department shall on Sundays have carts
ready for the removal of any garbage or offensive matter that
it may deem necessary to remove.
Sec. 3. The owners, tenants or occupants of houses having
yards or enclosures, and all occupants of houses, merchants,
shopkeepers, grocers and tradesmen occupying premises to
which no yards are attached, shall keep a metal receptacle, as
herein described, of sufficient size, in which shall be deposited
all the garbage, rubbish, ashes and other waste matter generated
in said building or enclosure, and the said filth of every description shall be placed in said metal receptacle for removal by the
scavenger department. It shall be unlawful for any occupant
of a house, merchant, shop-keeper, grocer or tradesman to sweep
into or deposit in any street or lane in this city any paper, trash
or rubbish of any kind whatsoever, but the same shall be kept
414 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
in the metal receptacle hereinafter provided for, for removal by
the scavenger department of the city. Any person not having a
yard may put the said receptacle containing the offal, rubbish,
etc., in the street or lane for removal by the scavenger department, provided the receptacle so put in the street or lane shall
be at all times tightly closed, and shall not in any way interfere
with the traffic on said street or lane; and any person other than
the owner interfering with or troubling the said receptacle so
put in the street or lane shall be punished, on conviction thereof
in the police court of the city of Savannah by a fine not exceeding $50. or imprisonment not exceeding 30 days, either or both,
in the discretion of the court .
Sec. 4. Be it further ordained that the persons referred to in
the preceding section are not required to keep more than one
receptacle, but such receptacle shall be metal, of sufficient size
to hold the garbage and refuse to be deposited in it, and shall
have a close fitting top or cover. The top or cover shall at all
times, except when said receptacle is being filled or emptied, be
kept tightly closed.
Sec. 5. Be it further ordained that it shall be the duty of
every occupant of any building, residence or place of business
in the city of Savannah, to place the receptacle referred to in the
preceding sections just inside or outside of the gate in the street
or lane, at or before 7 o'clock a. m., city time, and where there
are no lanes, inside the property line and within five (5) feet of
the street entrance, and the scavenger department shall have
free access to these barrels and boxes from 7 o'clock a. m. to
6 o'clock p. m. of each day. Where there are narrow alleyways,
on which abut three or more houses, it shall be the duty of the
occupants of the said houses to provide metal receptacle at the
point where the alleyway opens on the street, in which receptacle
it shall be the duty of the occupants to deposit the matter and
material for removal by the scavenger department. It shall be
the duty of the sanitary inspectors to see to the carrying out of
these provisions.
Sec. 6. Be it further ordained, Any person violating the
provisions of this ordinance, or any of them, shall be subject
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 415
upon conviction before the police court of the city of Savannah,
to a fine not exceeding $50 and to imprisonment not exceeding
30 days, either or both, in the discretion of the court, and each
day's violation or neglect of said provisions, or any of them,
shall constitute a separate and distinct offense.
Sec. 7. Be it further ordained that all ordinances and parts
of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be, and the same are,
hereby repealed.
Ordinance Passed March 31, 1915.
BONDS FOR SEWERAGE AND DRAINAGE SYSTEMS
CALL FOR ELECTION FOR $400,000.00 ISSUE
Resolution by Committee on Finance:
Be it resolved by the mayor and aldermen of the city of
Savannah, in council assembled, as follows:
1. Th.at an election be held by the qualified voters of the
city of Savannah on the 12th day of October, 1915, under the
terms and provisions of an act of the legislature of Georgia,
approved October 14, 1879, to be found on pages 40 and 41 of
the Georgia laws for the years 1878-1879, embodied in article 1,
chapter 3, sixth title of volume 1 of the Code of the state of
Georgia (1910), for the purpose of authorizing an issuance of
bonds by the city of Savannah for the amount of $400,000.00 face
value, the proceeds of the sale of said bonds to be used for the
extension of the house drainage and storm sewerage systems of
the city of Savannah. Said election shall be held at the court
house in and for the county of Chatham, state of Georgia, under
the rules and regulations governing the election of the mayor and
aldermen of the city of Savannah, and under the provisions of
the law relating to municipal elections, as amended by an act of
the legislature of Georgia approved August 15, 1910, and entitled "An act to provide for the registration of voters prior to
any municipal elections in the city of Savannah, Georgia, touching the issuance of its municipal bonds, to make all needful rules
416 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
and regulations for the same, and to require that no person be
permitted to vote unless registered, and for other purposes."
2. That, as required by said act of August 15, 1910, all persons desiring to vote at said election shall register in the office
of the city treasurer in a book to be kept in said office for a
period of thirty days beginning sixty days prior to the election
herein provided for, and only such persons can vote at said election as have registered during said thirty days in said book.
3. That the following notice, to be signed by the mayor or
acting mayor of the city of Savannah and the clerk of council,
under the seal of said city, of the said election, shall be published for the space of thirty days next preceding the day of
the election, in the Savannah Morning News, a newspaper published in the city of Savannah, in which the sheriff's advertisements for the said county are published, to-wit:
"Notice of an election to determine the issuance of $400,-
000.00 in bonds of the city of Savannah.
Notice^ is hereby given to the qualified voters of the city of
Savannah that an election shall be held at the county .court house
on the 12th day of October, 1915, between the hours of 8 o'clock
in the morning and 5 o'clock in the afternoon, city time, to determine the question whether a debt shall be incurred by the
city of Savannah tc be represented by an issuance of bonds in
the sum of $400,000.00, face value, to be divided into 200 bonds
of $500.00 each, face value, and 300 bonds of $1,000.00 each,
face value, the proceeds of which shall be used by the city of
Savannah for the extension of its house drainage and storm
sewerage systems. The said bonds shall be payable within
twenty-five (25) years from their date, shall bear interest at the
rate of 4J/2 per cent, per annum, said interest being paid semiannually, and shall be paid and retired as follows:
At the expiration of the first year of their life $4,000.00, face
value, of said bonds shall be paid and retired, and each and
every year thereafter an increase of $1.000.00, face value, of
bonds over and above the previous amount of bonds retired shall
be paid and retired; that is to say, the second annual payment
shal! include and retire bonds of the face value of $5,000.00;
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 417
the third annual payment shall include and retire bonds of the
face value of $6,000.00, and so on, the payments adding each
year $1,000.00 of the face value of the bonds to the number last
paid and retired, thus retiring all of the bonds by their maturity.
A sinking fund shall be established for the purpose of carrying
out this plan of payment.
The said bonds, in the event their issuance is authorized,
shall be sold for not less than their face value.
The following shall be the form of ballots to be used:
"For incurring a debt of $400,000.00 by the city of Savannah
for the extension of its house drainage and storm sewerage
systems.
Against incurring a debt of $400,000.00 by the city of
Savannah for the extension of its house drainage and storm
sewerage systems.
This election shall be governed and controlled and managed
as are elections for the mayor and aldermen of the city of Savannah, and voters qualified to vote in the said city of Savannah,
and who have registered as required by the terms and provisions of the act of the legislature of Georgia, approved August
15, 1910, and entitled: "An act to provide for the registration
of voters prior to any municipal elections in the city of Savannah,
Georgia, touching the issuance of its municipal bonds, to make
all needful rules and regulations for the same, and to require
that no person be permitted to vote unless registered, and for
other purposes," shall be qualified to vote at said election.
Witness the official signature of the____________,
mayor, and the official signature of the clerk of council, under
the seal of the city of Savannah, this_day of _______1915."
4. That in the event two-thirds of the qualified voters of
the city of Savannah, registered as aforesaid, vote to issue the
said bonds as provided for in the foregoing notice, then the said
bonds shall be issued, and for the purposes herein mentioned,
and they shall be divided, made payable, bear interest, disposed
of, and otherwise comply with the terms and provisions set forth
in said notice.
Adopted and Approved July 7, 1915.
418 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
CITY ATTORNEYELECTION OF ASSISTANT
By Committee of the Whole:
An ordinance to provide for the election of the assistant city
attorney of the city of Savannah and for other purposes.
Section I. Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of
the city of Savannah, in council assembled, That from and after
the passage of this ordinance the assistant city attorney of the
city of Savannah shall be elected by the mayor and aldermen of
said city at the time and in the manner as other city officers.
Sec. 2. Be it further ordained that the present incumbent
in the office of assistant city attorney shall hold his office until
the next election of city officers, in January, 1917.
Sec. 3. Be it further ordained that all ordinances and parts
of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be and the same
are hereby repealed.
Ordinance Passed December 8, 1915.
COWSREGULATING AND KEEPING OF SAME
By Alderman Daniel:
An ordinance to amend an ordinance adopted by council
August 11, 1909, and entitled: "An ordinance to provide regulations touching the keeping of cows, stables for cows, dairies,
milk and the sale of milk; and for other purposes designed to
secure purity in the milk consumed in the city of Savannah," and
for other purposes.
Section 1. Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of
the city of Savannah, and it is hereby ordained by the authority
of the same, that section 2 of that ordinance, adopted by council
August 11, 1909, and entitled: "An ordinance to provide regulations touching the keeping of cows, stables for cows, dairies,
milk, and the sale of milk; and for other purposes designed to
secure purity in the milk consumed in the city of Savannah," be
and the same is hereby amended by striking from said section
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT ' 419
the word and figure "four (4)" and inserting in lieu thereof the
words and figures, "three and one-half (3J^)," so that said
section 2, when so amended, shall read as follows:
"Sec. 2. Be it further ordained, that no building or shed
shall be used for stabling cows kept within the city limits which
is not well lighted, ventilated and drained, provided said cows
be kept in a stall or stalls having windows or doors on at least
two sides, all stalls to be not less than three and a half (3J/->) feet
in width by six (6) feet in length, and provided further, that said
stalls and premises shall be kept in absolutely perfect sanitary
and hygienic condition, and free from offensive odors."
Section 2. Be it further ordained, that all ordinances and
parts of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be and the
same are hereby repealed.
Ordinance Passed October 18, 1915.
FIRE BALLOONSPROHIBITING SALE OF
By Committee on Fire:
An ordinance to prohibit the sale, sending up or illumination of any toy balloon, commonly known as fire balloons, and
to provide a penalty for the violation thereof and for other
purposes.
Section 1. Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of
the city of Savannah, in council assembled, that from and after,
the passage of this ordinance it shall be unlawful for any person,
firm or corporation in the city of Savannah to sell illuminated
toy balloons, commonly known as fire balloons.
Section 2. Be it further ordained, that from and after
the passage of this ordinance it shall be unlawful for any person
to send up, illuminate or light any toy balloon, commonly, known
as fire balloons.
Section 3. Be it further ordained, that any person, firm or
corporation violating any provision of this ordinance shall, upon
conviction before the police court of the city of Savannah, be
420 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
fined a sum not to exceed $25, or imprisonment not to exceed
thirty days, either or both, in the discretion of the court.
Section 4. Be it further ordained, that all ordinances and
parts of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be and the
same are hereby repealed.
Ordinance Passed November 24, 1915.
GASOLINE AND BENZINEREGULATING STORAGE AND USE
By Fire Committee:
An ordinance to amend an ordinance adopted by council
April 13th 1904, and entitled: "An ordinance regulating the
storing, keeping and using of gasoline, benzine and naphtha in
the city of Savannah," and for other purposes.
Section 1. Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of
the city of Savannah, in council assembled, that the first provision of section 1 of the ordinance adopted by council April
13th, 1904, and entitled, "An ordinance regulating the storing,
keeping and using of gasoline, benzine and naphtha in the city
of Savannah/' be and the same is hereby amended by striking
therefrom the words and figures, "One Hundred (100)" and inserting in lieu thereof the words and figures, "One Hundred
Twenty (120)," so that the said first provision of section 1 of
said ordinance when so amended shall read as follows, to-wit:
"First. Not exceeding one hundred twenty (120) gallons
of gasoline, naphtha or benzine may be kept in metallic cases,
provided such metallic cases shall be constructed and piped in
accordance with the rules of the national board of fire underwriters; and provided, further, that such metallic cases shall be
placed three (3) feet underground and eight (8) feet away
from any building, subject to the approval of the superintendent
of the fire department.
Section 2. Be it further ordained that all ordinances and
parts of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be and the
same are hereby repealed.
Ordinance Passed July 21, 1915.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 421
JITNEY BUSESREGULATING
By the Committee on Streets and Lanes:
An ordinance to regulate the business of operating j'itney
buses in the city of Savannah, to define the same, to provide and
impose licenses thereon, to impose penalties for the violation
thereof, and for other purposes.
Section I. Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of
the city of Savannah in council assembled, that the word "person" wherever used in this ordinance shall be construed to include individuals, co-partnerships, corporations and every kind
of association.
Section 2. Be it further ordained that every person operating vehicles, hacks, automobiles, motor bus, or any self-propelled vehicle engaged in carrying passengers for hire to and
from any point of the city of Savannah, or to a particular point
or between the particular points or termini in the city of Savannah, or from a point in the city of Savannah to or from a point
outside of the city for a specified fare, shall be held and deemed
for all purposes of this ordinance to be operating the business
of a j'itney bus. Provided, however, that automobiles used as
private cars, ambulances, hotel, railroad or steamship buses,
sight-seeing buses and touring cars, operating from specified
stands upon the public streets, or from a garage upon telephone
call, and which have no specified routes of travel, and while
operating strictly within the usual functions thereof as hithertofore defined and generally understood, with or without rates
fixed by ordinance, shall not be construed as jitney buses within
the meaning of this ordinance.
Section 3. Be it further ordained that every person operating a jitney bus or a line of jitney buses shall pay a license of
Ten Dollars ($10.00) per seat, based upon the seating capacity
of each car as designated by the manufacturer, up to and including five passengers, exclusive of the driver, and for each
additional seat over five passengers, exclusive of the driver, Five
Dollars ($5.00) per seat.
422 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
Section 4. Be it further ordained that before the license
imposed by section 3 of this ordinance is issued, the person proposing to engage in the business of operating jitney buses shall
file a written application with the mayor and aldermen of the
city of Savannah, in which application shall be specified the
routes which it is desired to cover and the number of and class
of vehicles to be used.
Section 5. Be it further ordained that every person, before
engaging in the business of operating jitney buses in the city of
Savannah, shall provide and file with the clerk of council a bond,
with good and sufficient surety, in the sum of Five Thousand
Dollars $(5,000.00) for the operation of one jitney bus, and
when it is desired to operate more than one of such vehicles, a
bond shall be filed in the maximum sum of Ten Thousand Dollars ($10,000.00), and it shall be the duty of the clerk of council
to present such bond to the finance committee of council at its
first regular meeting, or at a meeting called for that purpose, and
said bond and security shall be acceptable to said finance committee, and the bond shall be approved as to form by the city
attorney, before it shall be lawful for any person to operate any
such automobile or vehicle as a jitney bus, and it shall be and is
hereby made the duty of any person engaged in the business
herein defined to keep and maintain such bond or bonds to the
amounts herein specified during the whole period of time that he
is engaged in such operation, and said bond shall be conditioned
to respond for the payment of any damages recovered for a
breach of duty as a common carrier, and for damages caused to
any person or property by the negligence or carelessness of
operation of any automobile or other vehicle owned or operated
by the person filing such bond, the person so injured in his
person or property shall have a right of action thereon, and
such bond shall not be voided by recovery, but may be sued upon
and recovered from time to time. It shall be the duty of the
clerk of council to file all such bonds received in the office of the
clerk of superior court of Chatham county.
Section 6. Be it further ordained that it shall be unlawful
for any person to allow, permit, or cause any automobile or any
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 423
other vehicle used in the business herein defined to be operated
by any person other than one over twenty-one years of age,
skilled in the art of driving automobiles, and having a sufficient
knowledge of the English language to carry on an intelligent
conversation. The names of such operators shall be registered
with the chief of police, and he shall report to the council the
names of any operators who are not qualified under this section,
or the operation of any such automobile or vehicle by any person whose name is not so registered, and any violations by any
such operator of the traffic ordinance of the mayor and aldermen
of the city of Savannah; and the mayor may, if he finds any
such operator unqualified or that any such violation of the
traffic ordinance has been committed by any such operator, revoke all licenses issued to the said person.
Section 7. Be it further ordained that it shall be unlawful
for any person to engage in the business of operating jitney
buses without making the application and paying the license and
receiving same as herein provided, and receiving from the clerk
of council a badge for each jitney bus operated by him, which
badge shall be always worn by the driver on the outside of his
coat while operating said jitney bus.
Section 8. Be it further ordained that no person paying
the tax and taking the license hereinbefore provided for shall
operate its vehicles upon any other route or in any other places
than may be required by the public convenience or necessity,
and as provided in its application to the council of the mayor
and* aldermen of the city of Savannah, and specified in the
receipt given by the mayor and aldermen for said tax.
Section 9. Be it further ordained that it shall be unlawful
for any person after paying the tax and taking out the license
herein specified to operate jitney buses on any other route than
the route designated in its application and approved by the
mayor and aldermen.
Section 10. Be it further ordained that every person operating a jitney bus or line of jitney buses shall have paiflted in a
conspicuous place on both sides of such jitney or jitneys the
word "JITNEY," the route, termini, and the fare charged.
424 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
Section 11. Be it further ordained that it shall be unlawful
for any jitney bus or jitney buses to carry or transport more than
one person over and above the number given in the named
capacity of said car by the manufacturer, and for which license
has been issued, and said extra person shall not be allowed on
the running board or outside of said jitneys.
Section 12. Be it further provided that all jitney buses shall
make their stops to discharge and take on passengers on the
near side of the street intersections on the right hand side of the
street traveled, leaving the cross "walks open, and shall pull up
to the curb to make all such stops, nor shall such vehicles receive or discharge passengers while in motion, nor shall such
vehicles stand in the street a longer time than is necessary to
take on and discharge passengers, and not more than two minutes at any one point.
Section 13. Be it ordained that it shall be unlawful for any
jitney bus to operate in the city of Savannah unless the state
number is displayed at all times, and is registered in the office
of the clerk of council as now provided for by ordinance .
Section 14. Be it further ordained that the violation of any
provision or regulation of this ordinance, and any failure to
comply therewith, shall be subject, upon conviction before the
police court of the city of Savannah, to a fine not exceeding
one hundred dollars and to imprisonment not to exceed thirty
days, either or both in the discretion of the court, and each
day's failure or neglect to comply, after the provisions of this
ordinance shall become effective, shall be held and deemed a
separate and distinct offense, and punishable accordingly.
Section 15. Be it further ordained that the provisions of
this ordinance shall become effective ten days from the adoption
and approval thereof.
Section 16. Be it further ordained that all ordinances and
parts of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be and the
same aft hereby repealed.
Passed in Council April 14, 1915.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 425
JITNEY BUSESREGULATING
By Committee on Finance:
An ordinance to regulate the business of operating jitney
buses in the city of Savannah, to define the same, to provide and
impose licenses thereon, to impose penalties for the violation
thereof, and for other purposes.
Section 1. Be it ordained, by the mayor and aldermen of
the city of Savannah, in council assembled, that the word "person" wherever used in this ordinance shall be construed to include individuals, co-partnerships, corporations and every kind
of association.
Section 2. Be it further ordained that every person operating vehicles, hacks, automobiles, motor bus, or any self-propelled vehicle engaged in carrying passengers for hire to and
from any point of the city of Savannah, or to a particular point
or between the particular points or terminal in the city of Savannah, or from a point in the city of Savannah to or from a point
outside of the city for a specified fare, shall be held and deemed
for all purposes of this ordinance to be operating the business
of a jitney bus. Provided, however, that automobiles used as
private cars, ambulances, hotel, railroad and steamship buses,
sight-seeing buses and touring cars, operating from specified
stands upon the public streets, or from a garage upon telephone
call, and which have no specified routes of travel, and while
operating strictly within the usual functions thereof as hitherto
defined and generally understood, with or without rates fixed by
ordinance, shall not be construed as jitney buses within the
meaning of this ordinance.
Section 3. Be it further ordained that every person operating a jitney bus, or a line of jitney buses, shall pay a license
on each car, up to and including five (5) passengers, of $25
per car and for each car seating over five (5) passengers, $35
per car.
Section 4. Be it further ordained that before the license
imposed by section 3 of this ordinance is issued, the person proposing to engage in the business of operating jitney buses shall
426 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
file a written application with the mayor and aldermen of the
city of Savannah, in which application shall be specified the
routes which it is desired to cover and the number of and class
of vehicles to be used.
Section 5. Be it further ordained that it shall be unlawful
for any person to operate any automobile, or other vehicle used
in the business herein defined, other than one who has registered, and obtained a license as a chauffeur, as provided under
an Act of the General Assembly, approved November 30th,
1915. Such license to be obtained on or before the first day
of March, 1916.
Section 6. Be it further ordained that it shall be unlawful
for any person to engage in the business of operating jitney
buses without making the application and paying the license
and receiving same as herein provided, and receiving from the
clerk of council a badge for each jitney bus operated by him,
which badge shall be always worn by the driver on the outside
of his coat while operating said jitney bus.
Section 7. Be it further ordained that no person paying the
tax and taking the license hereinbefore provided for shall operate its vehicles upon any other route or in any other places
than may be required by the public convenience or necessity,
and as provided in its application to the council of the mayor
and aldermen of the city of Savannah, and specified in the receipt given by the mayor and aldermen for said tax.
Section 8. Be it further ordained that it shall be unlawful
for any person after paying the tax and taking out the license
herein specified to operate jitney buses on any other route than
the route designated in its application and approved by the
mayor and aldermen.
Section 9. Be it further ordained that every person operating a jitney bus or line of jitney buses, shall have painted in
a conspicuous place on both sides of such jitney or jitneys, the
word, "Jitney," the route, termini and the fare charged.
Section 10. Be it further ordained that it shall be unlawful
for any jitney bus or jitney buses to carry or transport more
than one person over and above the number given in the named
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 427
capacity of said car by the manufacturer, and for which license
has been issued, and said extra person shall not be allowed on
the running board or outside of said jitneys.
Section 11. Be it further provided that all jitney buses
shall make their stops to discharge and take on passengers on
the near side of the street intersections on the right hand side
of the street traveled, leaving the cross walks open, and shall
pull up to the curb to make all such stops, nor shall such vehicles receive or discharge passengers while in motion, nor
shall such vehicles stand in the street a longer time than is
necessary to take on and discharge passengers, and not more
than two minutes at any one point. Except at stands to be hereafter established by committee on streets and lanes.
Section 12. Be it further ordained that it shall be unlawful for any jitney bus to operate in the city of Savannah, unless
the state number is displayed at all times, and is registered in the
office of the clerk of council as now provided for by ordinance.
Section 13. Be it further ordained that the violation of
any provision or regulation of this ordinance, and any failure to
comply therewith, shall be subject, upon conviction before the
police court of the city of Savannah, to a fine not exceeding one
hundred dollars and to imprisonment not to exceed thirty days,
either or both in the discretion of the court, and each day's failure or neglect to comply after the provisions of this ordinance
shall become effective, shall be held and deemed a separate and
distinct offense, and punishable accordingly.
Section 14. Be it further ordained that should any of the
provisions of this ordinance be held illegal or unconstitutional,
the same shall not vitiate the remaining provisions of said ordinance, but all of such provisions not held illegal or unconstitutional shall remain in full force and effect.
Section 15. Be it further ordained, that the provisions of
this ordinance shall become effective, unless otherwise provided
herein, thirty days from the adoption and approval hereof.
Section 16. Be it further ordained, that all ordinances
and parts of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be, and
the same are hereby repealed, saving and excepting an ordinance
428 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
entitled: "An ordinance to regulate the business of operating
jitney buses in the city of Savannafi, to define the same, to provide and impose licenses thereon, to impose penalties f.or the
violation thereof, and for other purposes," adopted and approved
April 14, 1915, to which this ordinance is supplementary.
Ordinance Passed December 22, 1915.
LIBRARY FUND FOR PURCHASE OF BOOKS FOR
PUBLIC
By Committee on Finance:
An ordinance to amend an amendment to an ordinance entitled: "An ordinance to amend the budget set forth in the
preamble to the tax ordinance for the year 1915, by striking out
the item of $10,000 for public library, where it appears in said
preamble, and by inserting in lieu thereof $7,000; to provide for
$3,000 to be placed in a fund for the purchase of books for the
new public library of the city of Savannah, and for other purposes," adopted and approved July 21, 1915, and for other purposes.
Section 1. Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of
the city of Savannah, in council assembled, that the above stated
ordinance be amended by striking out the item of $7,000, where
it appears in the above entitled ordinance, and inserting in lieu
thereof, the sum of $6,166.66.
Section 2. Be it further ordained that the item of $3,000,
where it appears in said ordinance, be stricken and there be
inserted in lieu thereof, the sum of $3,833.33.
Section 3. Be it further ordained that all ordinances and
parts of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be and the
same are hereby repealed.
Ordinance Passed December 22, 1915.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 429
LIBRARYREDUCING APPROPRIATION TO
PUBLIC
Ordinance by Finance Committee:
An ordinance to amend the budget set forth in the preamble
to the tax ordinance for the year 1915, by striking out the item
of $10,000 for public library, where it appears in said preamble,
and by inserting in lieu thereof $7,000; to provide for $3,000
to be placed in a fund for the purchase of books for the new
public library of the city of Savannah, and for other purposes.
Section 1. Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of
the city of Savannah in council assembled that the budget set
forth in the preamble to the ordinance to assess and levy taxes
and raise revenue for the city of Savannah, etc., adopted December 30, 1914, be and the same is hereby amended by striking
$10,000 for public library where it appears in said preamble,
and inserting in lieu thereof the sum of $7,000.
Section 2. Be it further ordained that the sum of $3,000
eliminated from said item in the budget be placed in a fund by
the city treasurer for the purchase of books for the new public
library of the city of Savannah, donated by the Andrew Carnegie Corporation.
Section 3. Be it further ordained that all ordinances and
parts of ordinances conflicting herewith are repealed so far as
they apply to this special case, the tax ordinance in all other respects being unimpaired and unaffected.
Ordinance Passed July 21, 1915.
LIBRARYBOARD OF TRUSTEES FOR COLORED
By Finance Committee:
An ordinance to provide for the election of a board of trustees for the colored library of the city of Savannah; to fix the
term of office; to provide regulations for the conduct of said
library, and for other purposes.
430 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
Section I. Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of
the city of Savannah, in council assembled, that after the passage
of this ordinance, a board of trustees of the colored library shall
be elected by council, to consist of ten colored citizens, residents
of the city of Savannah, whose terms of office shall be as follows, to-wit: Two of said trustees shall be elected for the current year, 1915, and their term of office shall expire January 1st,
1916. and their successors shall be elected by council for the full
term of one year, from January 1st, 1916; two of said trustees
shall.be elected to hold office for the period until January 1st,
1917. and their successors shall be elected by council for the full
period of two years, from January 1st, 1917; two of said trustees
shall be elected to hold office for the period until January 1st,
1918. and their successors shall be elected by council for the
full period of three years, from January 1st, 1918; four of said
trustees shall be elected to hold office for the period until January 1st. 1919, and their successors shall be elected by council
for the full period of four years, from January 1st, 1919. The
members of said board shall hold their office until their successors
are elected.
Sec. 2. Be it further ordained, that the sums of money appropriated in the budget for the city of Savannah for the year
1915, and all sums hereafter appropriated, shall be expended by
and under the direction of the said board of trustees, and the said
appropriations shall be drawn from the treasury of the city of
Savannah on the warrant of said board, and shall be paid from
time to time by said board in the payment of salaries, purchase
of books and other necessary expenses of said library.
Sec. 3. Be it further ordained, that an itemized statement
of all amounts so paid out shall be made annually, on or about
the first day of December in each year, to the mayor of the city
of Savannah, and by him submitted to council for its information.
Sec. 4. Be it further ordained, that said board of trustees
shall exercise a strict and rigid supervision of said library, and
shall pass all necessary rules and regulations for the government
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 431
and conduct of the same, which shall be submitted to council
for its approval.
Sec. 5. Be it further ordained, that said trustees shall have
the authority to elect a librarian, and, if necessary, an assistant
librarian, or designate some officer or officers to perform the
duties of librarian or assistant librarian, and shall appoint and
discharge said officer or officers at pleasure.
Sec. 6. Be it further ordained, that all ordinances or parts
of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be and the same are
hereby repealed.
Ordinance Passed March 17, 1915.
LICENSES TO RESTAURANT KEEPERS, FRUIT
DEALERS, ETC.REVOCATION OF
By Alderman Daniel:
An ordinance to provide for the cancellation and revoking of
licenses issued to restaurant keepers, fruit dealers, and any other
business, where it is made to appear to the satisfaction of the
mayor and aldermen that the person so engaged in business, has
been guilty of violating the prohibition law of the state of Georgia in connection with the said business, and for other purposes.
Section 1. Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of the
city of Savannah, and it is hereby ordained by authority of the
same that whenever the chief of police of the city of Savannah
shall- have reasonable cause to suspect that any restaurant keeper, fruit dealer or any other person, firm or corporation engaged
in any business in the city of Savannah, has violated the prohibition law of the state of Georgia in connection with the running of said business, he shall report the same to the mayor of
the city of Savannah, and the mayor shall make an ex-parte investigation of the same. If the mayor shall determine there is
reasonable ground for preferring said charges, he shall report the
same to the city council, stating in writing the facts consisting the
charges, and the city council shall investigate the same in open
meeting, giving the person accused an opportunity to be heard.
432 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
If after a hearing the city council shall determine that the person
so accused is guilty of violating the prohibition law of the State
of Georgia in connection with the running of his business or the
said prohibition law has, with his knowledge, been violated upon
his business premises, then the city council shall revoke and cancel the licenses issued to said accused party, for conducting his
business at the place where the prohibition law was so violated.
Sec. 2. Be it further ordained that a majority vote of the
mayor and aldermen present shall be sufficient to revoke and
cancel the licenses as aforesaid, the mayor having a vote in
case of a tie.
Sec. 3. Be it further ordained that on failure or refusal
of the chief of police or mayor of the city of Savannah to act as
provided in the first section hereof, that any alderman of the city
of Savannah may have by a communication to council, prefer
such charges, and ask for an investigation. If the petition for
an investigation is granted by council, then at the next meeting
of council, unless postponement is had for cause, the accused
party shall be tried, the same as if the charges had been regularly
preferred through the mayor and chief of police.
Sec. 4. Be it further ordained that upon such investigation
subpoenas shall be issued for witnesses by the clerk of council
and shall be served by the city marshal, his deputy or any police
officer of the city of Savannah, and on failure of a witness to
obey the subpoena he shall be punished for contempt by imprisonment fcr not more than five (5) days, and fined not more
than twenty-five ($25.00) dollars, either or both, at the discretion
of the mayor- The mayor of the city of Savannah being the
judge of the contempt charges.
Sec. 5. Be it further ordained, that when a license is so
cancelled, the offending party shall not be granted another
license to conduct the same character of business until the expiration of the calendar year.
Sec. 6. Be it further ordained that a hearing under the
provisions of this ordinance shall not be a bar to a trial before
the police court of the city of Savannah or any other judicial
tribune.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT _____433
Sec. 7. Be it further ordained that from and after the passage of this act, all licenses shall be granted subject to the provisions of this ordinance.
Sec. 8. Be it further ordained that all ordinances and parts
of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be and the same
are hereby repealedOrdinance Passed October 18, 1915.
PAPER, BILLS, POSTERS, ETC.THROWING SAME
IN STREET
By Committee on Streets and Lanes:
An ordinance to prohibit the throwing of paper, bills, posters,
circulars, advertising matter and litter, etc., upon the stoops,
piazzas, porches, lawns, gardens, yards and walks of residences,
or upon any vacant lot within the limits of the city of Savannah;
to prescribe a punishment for the violation thereof, and for
other purposes.
Section 1. Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of
the city of Savannah, in council assembled, that from and after
the passage of this ordinance it shall not be lawful for any person to throw, cast or place any paper, bills, posters, circulars,
advertising matter, waste paper, rubbish, trash or litter upon
the stoops, piazzas, porches, lawns, yards, gardens or walks of
any residence or upon any vacant lot within the limits of the
city of Savannah, unless he shall first obtain permission to do so
from the owner or person in possession.
Sec. 2. Be it further ordained, that all such bills, posters,
circulars or advertising matter when distributed in the cky of
Savannah, shall be delivered at the doors of residences personally to some inmate of such residences and not in any case left
loose to be blown about the premises or streets.
Sec. 3. Be it further ordained that any person violating this
ordinance shall, upon conviction before the police court of the
city of Savannah, be fined in a sum not exceeding ten ($10) dollars and imprisoned not exceeding five days, either or both, in
434 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
the discretion of the court, and any person instigating, directing
or encouraging the principal offender shall be deemed equally
guilty, and in the discretion of the court receive punishment as
above provided.
Sec. 4. Be it further ordained that all ordinances or parts
of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be and the same are
hereby repealed.
Ordinance Passed July 7, 1915.
PAPER, BILLS, ETC.TO PROHIBIT THROWING
ON STREETS, SIDEWALKS, ETC.
By Alderman Daniel:
An ordinance to amend an ordinance entitled, "An ordinance to prohibit the throwing of paper, bills, posters, circulars,
advertising matter and litter, etc., upon the stoops, piazzas,
porches, lawns, gardens, yards and walks of residences, or upon
any vacant lot within the limits of the city of Savannah; to prescribe a punishment for the violation thereof, and for other purposes."
Section 1. Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of
the city of Savannah, in council assembled, that an ordinance
entitled, "An ordinance to prohibit the throwing of paper, bills,
posters, circulars, advertising matter and litter, etc., upon the
stoops, piazzas, porches, lawns, gardens, yards and walks of
residences or upon any vacant lot within the limits of the city of
Savannah; to prescribe a punishment for the violation thereof,"
be and the same is hereby amended by adding an additional section to said ordinance to be known as section 3, as follows,
to-wit:
Be it further ordained that it shall be unlawful for any person to hand any free advertising matter, bills, posters, circulars
or any other matter of a similar description to any person upon
the streets of the city of Savannah.
Sec. 2. Be it further ordained that sections 3 and 4 of said
ordinance shall hereafter be known as sections 4 and 5.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT' 435
Sec. 3. Be it further ordained that all ordinances or parts
of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be and the same are
hereby repealed.
Ordinance Passed September I, 1915.
POLICEREGULATING HEIGHT AND WEIGHT
By Committ.ee on Police:
An ordinance to amend section 469 of the code of Savannah
(1907), prescribing the height, weight and minimum chest meas-
.urement of applicants for appointment on the police force of
the city of Savannah, and to prescribe a minimum height, weight
and chest measurement.
Section 1. Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of the
city of Savannah, in council assembled, that section 469 of the
code of Savannah (1907) be and the same is hereby amended
by striking therefrom the following line, on page 119 of the
published code, to-wit:
5 feet 7 (height), 140 (min. weight), 180 (max. weight),
34 (min, chest measurement).
Sec. 2. Be it further ordained that from and after the passage of this ordinance no person shall be appointed at a patrolman on the police force of the city of Savannah who does not
measure 5 feet 8 inches in height, weight 145 pounds or over,
and have a minimum chest measurement of 35 inches.
Sec. 3. Be it further ordained that all ordinances and
parts of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be and the
same are hereby repealed.
Ordinance Passed February 3, 1915.
POLICEAMENDING SECTION 470 CODE OF
SAVANNAH
By Committee on Police:
An ordinance to repeal an ordinance adopted by council
February 24, 1909, and entitled, "An ordinance to amend para-
436 'MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
graph three (3) of section 470 of the code of Savannah."
Section 1- Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of
the city of Savannah, in council assembled, that the ordinance
adopted by the mayor and aldermen of the city of Savannah, in
council assembled, on the 24th day of February, 1909, and entitled, "An ordinance to amend paragraph three (3) of section
470 of the code of Savannah," be and the same is hereby repealed.
Sec. 2. Be it further ordained that all ordinances and parts
of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be and the same
are hereby repealed.
Ordinance Passed February 3, 1915.
POLICE APPOINTMENTS, AGE OFAMEND SECTION 470 CODE OF SAVANNAH
By Committee on Police:
An ordinance to amend section 470 of the code of Savannah.
Section 1. Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of the city of Savannah, in council assembled, that section
470 of the code of Savannah be amended so that section three
(3) thereof shall read as follows: "3. No person shall be appointed a policeman of the said city who shall be at the date of
such appointment over thirty-five (35) years of age."
Sec. 2. Be it further ordained that all ordinances and
parts of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be and the
same are hereby repealed.
Ordinance Passed February 3, 1915.
POLICEREPEALING SECTION 1065 CODE OF
SAVANNAH
Ordinance read in council the first time, August 4, 1915,
read the second time, August 18, and referred to the committee
of the whole, the committee having approved its passage, it
was read the third time, October 18, adopted and approved.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT . 437
By Alderman Daniel:
An ordinance to repeal Section 1065 of the Code of Savannah of 1907.
Section 1. Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of
the city of Savannah, in council assembled, that section 1065
of the Code of Savannah of 1907 be and the same is hereby
repealed.
Sec. 2. Be it further ordained that all ordinances and
parts of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be and the
same are hereby repealed.
Ordinance Passed October 18, 1915.
POOL ROOMS
By Finance Committee:
An ordinance to prohibit the granting of a pool room or
billiard room license after the present year to engage in business on Broughton street, between the western line of Lincoln
street and the eastern line of West Broad street, inclusive; and
to prohibit the granting of any new pool room or billiard room
license for the present year within said area.
Section 1. Be it resolved by the mayor and aldermen of the
city of Savannah in council assembled," that after the present
year, 1915, no pool room or billiard room license shall be granted
to any person, corporation or association on Broughton street
between the western line of Lincoln street and the eastern line
of West Broad street
Sec. 2. Be it further ordained that no new pool room or
billiard room licenses shall be granted to any person, corporation or association within said area to engage in business during the present year.
Sec. 3. Be it further ordained that all ordinances and parts
of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be and the same
are hereby repealed.
Ordinance Passed February 3, 1915.
438 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
REAL ESTATE TRANSFERS
By Committee on Finance:
An ordinance to require transfers of real estate to be recorded with the board of tax assessors, and to require that all
taxes up to the end of the prior quarter before such transfer
be paid, and for other purposes.
Section 1. Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of
the city of Savannah in council assembled, that from and after
the passage of this ordinance, all transfers of real estate in the
corporate limits of the city of Savannah shall be filed by the
grantee for record with the board of tax assessors, and all taxes
due said city up to the end of the previous quarter shall be paid
before such transfer is recorded.
Sec. 2. Be it further ordained that all ordinances and
parts of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be, and the
same are hereby repealed.
Ordinance Passed February 3, 1915 .
ROADWAYS AND SIDEWALKSDEFINING WIDTH
AND LOCATIONS
By Committee on Streets and Lanes:
An ordinance to define the widths and locations of roadways
and sidewalks on portions of certain streets in the Eastern section of the City of Savannah, and to require sidewalk pavements
on said portions of said streets to be laid, and for other purposes.
Section 1. Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of
the city of Savannah, in council assembled, that the roadways
and sidewalks of those portions of those streets lying in the
eastern section of the city of Savannah as described below, shall
be of the following widths and locations:
Anderson street from Waters avenue to Cedar street shall
have a roadway 56 feet wide, sidewalks 5 feet in width and
located 2 feet from property line.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT . 439
Thirty-first street, Thirty-second street and Thirty-third
street from Waters avenue to Cedar street, each shall have a
roadway 30 feet in width, sidewalks 4 feet in width, and located
2 feet from the property lines.
Thirty-fourth street, Thirty-fifth street, Thirty-sixth street
and Bee street from Waters avenue to Cedar street, each shall
have a roadway 24 feet in width, sidewalks 4 feet in width and
located 2 feet from the property linesFortieth street, Forty-first .street and Forty-second street, each
shall have a roadway 26 feet in width, sidewalks 4 feet in width
and located 2 feet from the property lines.
Cedar street from Henry street to Thirty-fourth street shall
have a roadway 30 feet in width, and sidewalks 5 feet in width
located 2 feet from the property line. Cedar street from Fortieth street to Dale avenue shall have a roadway 30 feet in
width and sidewalks 5 feet in width, located 2 feet from the
property lines.
Live Oak street, from Henry street to Thirty-fourth street
shall have a roadway 30 feet in width and sidewalks 5 feet in
width, located 2 feet from the property lines. Live Oak street
from Fortieth street to Dale avenue shall have a roadway 30 feet
in width and sidewalks 4 feet in width, located 2 feet from the
property lines.
Waters avenue, from Henry street to Dale avenue, shall
have a roadway of varying widths, as shown on a map of sale in
the office of the engineer of the city of Savannah. The curb
lines of the roadway shall be 7 feet from the property lines. It
shall have sidewalks 5 feet in width, and located one foot from
the property lines.
The roadway of each of the said portions of the said streets
shall be located in the center of the streets, of equal distance
from the opposite property lines.
Sec. 2. Be it further ordained, that all persons owning
property on either side of those portions of those streets specified in the foregoing section, shall immediately after the passage
of this ordinance lay a pavement on the sidewalk opposite their
property of artificial stone (cement) and said pavement shall be
440 . MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
of the width specified in the foregoing section. The said sidewalk pavement shall be laid on the level or grade directed by
the chief engineer of the city of Savannah.
Sec. 3. Be it further ordained, That the property owners
aforesaid shall also lay curbing and do other things incident to
the construction of said sidewalks.
Sec. 4. Be it further ordained, That if any of the owner or
owners of any property on either side of those portions of the
streets above specified shall fail to lay the sidewalk pavement
and curbing in front of their property as herein required, then
the city shall proceed to do so, after a lapse of thirty (30) days
from the time notice of the requirements of this ordinance shall
have been given to such owner or owners, which notices shall be
served by the marshal of the city of Savannah.
Sec. 5. Be it further ordained, That in the event the city
shal proceed to do the work as provided in the preceding section
said work shall be done at the expense and cost of such owner
or owners, and in the event the bill thereof shall remain unpaid
for a period of ten days after its presentation to such owner or
owners, then said bill for said costs and expenses shall be turned
over to the city treasurer, who shall issue an execution for its
collection, together with all costs against said owner or owners
and the abutting property., which execution shall be levied and
made in the manner pointed out by law for the levy and making
of the tax executions issued for taxes due the city of Savannah.
Sec. 6. Be it further ordained, That all ordinances and
parts of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be and the
same are hereby repealed.
Ordinance Passed February 3, 1915.
ROADWAYS AND SIDEWALKSDEFINING
WIDTHS AND LOCATIONS
By Committee on Streets and Lanes:
An ordinance to define the widths and locations of roadways
and sidewalks on portions of certain streets in the eastern sec-
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT ' 441
tion of the city of Savannah, and to require sidewalk pavements
on said portions of said streets to be laid, and for other purposes:
Section 1. Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of
the city of Savannah, in council assembled, that the roadways
and sidewalks of those portions of those streets lying in the
eastern section of the city of Savannah as described below shall
be of the following widths and locations:
Thirty-first street from East Broad street1 to Waters avenue
shall have a roadway 30 feet wide, sidewalks 5 feet in width and
located 2 feet from the property lines.
Thirty-second, Thirty-third and Thirty-fourth streets from
East Broad street to Waters avenue shall have a roadway 30
feet wide, sidewalks 5 feet in width and located 2 feet from the
property lines.
Thirty-fifth street from Price street to Waters avenue shall
have a roadway 30 feet wide, sidewalks 4 feet wide, located 5
feet from.the property lines.
Thirty-sixth street from Price street to Waters avenue shall
have a roadway 30 feet wide, sidewalks 4 feet wide, located 5
feet from the property lines.
Thirty-seventh street and Seiler street shall have a roadway
30 feet wide, sidewalks 5 feet in width, located 2 feet from the
property lines, from Habersham street to Waters avenue.
Thirty-eighth street shall have a roadway 25 feet wide, sidewalks 5 feet in width, located on property lines, from East Broad
street to Waters avenue.
Thirty-ninth street from East Broad street to Waters avenue
shall have a roadway 30 feet wide, sidewalks 5 feet in width,
located 2 feet from the property lines.
Fortieth street from East Broad street to Waters avenue
shall have a roadway 30 feet wide, sidewalks .5 feet wide, located 1 foot from the property lines.
The roadway of each of the said portions of the said streets
shall be located in the center of the streets, of equal distance
from the opposite property lines.
442 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
See. 2. Be it further ordained that all persons owning
property on either side of those portions of those streets specified in the foregoing section shall immediately after the passage
of this ordinance lay a pavement on the sidewalk opposite their
property of artificial stone (cement) and sai<| pavement shall
be of the width specified in the foregoing section. The said sidewalk pavement shall be laid on the level or grade directed by
the chief engineer of the city of Savannah.
Sec. 3. Be if. further ordained, that the property owners
aforesaid shall also lay curbing and do other things incident to
the construction of said sidewalks.
Sec. 4. Be it further ordained, that if any of the owners
or owner of any of the property on either side of mosc portions
of the streets above specified shall fail to lay the sidewalk, pavement and curbing in front of their property as herein required,
then the city shall proceed to do so, after a lapse of thirty (30)
days from the time notice of the requirements of this ordinance
shall have been given to such owner or owners, which notices
shall be served by the marshal of the city of Savannah.
Sec. 5. Be it further ordained, that in the event the city
shall proceed to do the work as provided in the preceding section,
said work shall be done at the expense and cost of such owner
or owners, and in the event the bill thereof shall remain unpaid
for a period of ten days after its presentation to such owner or
owners, then said bill for said cost and expenses shall be turned
over to the city treasurer, who shall issue an execution for its
collection, together with all costs against said owner or owners
and the abutting property, which execution shall be levied and
made in the manner pointed out by law for the levy and making
of the tax executions issued for taxes due the city of Savannah.
Sec. 6. Be it further ordained, that all ordinances and
parts of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be and the
same are hereby repealed.
Ordinance Passed May 26, 1915.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 443
ROADWAYS AND SIDEWALKSDEFINING
WIDTHS AND LOCATIONS
By the Streets and Lanes Committee:
An ordinance to define the widths and location of roadways
and sidewalks on portions of certain streets in the eastern section
of the city of Savannah, and to require sidewalk pavements on
said portions of said streets to be laid, and for other purposes.
Section I. Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of
the city of Savannah, in council assembled, that the roadways
and sidewalks of those portions of those streets lying in the
eastern section of the city of Savannah as described below shall
be of the following widths and locations: ^ Wright street, from Waters avenue to the west property line
of Lester property shall have a roadway 36 feet wide, sidewalks
5 feet in width and located two feet from the property lines.
Gwinnett street, from Waters avenue to the west property
line of Lester property shall have a roadway 36 feet wide, sidewalks 5 feet in width and located 2 feet from the property lines.
Waldburg street, from Waters avenue to tlie west property
line of Lester property shall have a roadway 36 feet wide, sidewalks five feet in width and located two feet from the property
lines.
Collins street, from Waters avenue to the west property
line of Lester property shall have a roadway 36 feet wide, sidewalks five feet in width and located two feet from the property
lines.
Bolton street, from Waters avenue to the west property line
of Lester property shall have a roadway 30 feet wide, sidewalks
five feet in width and located two feet from the property lines.
Park avenue, from Waters avenue to the west property
line of Lester property shall have a roadway 30 feet wide, sidewalks five feet in width and located four feet from the property
lines.
Duffy street, from Waters avenue to the west property
line of Lester property shall have a roadway 30 feet wide, side-
444 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
walks four feet in width and located four feet from the property
lines.
Live Oak street, from Thunderbolt road to Anderson street
shall have a roadway 30 feet wide, sidewalks five feet in width
and located two feet from the property lines.
The roadway of each of the said portions of said streets
shall be located in the center of the streets, in equal distance
from the opposite property lines.
Sec. 2. Be it further ordained, that all persons owning
property on either side of those portions of those streets specified in the foregoing section shall immediately after the passage
of this ordinance lay a pavement on the sidewalk opposite their
property of artificial stone (cement) and said pavement shall be
of the width specified in the foregoing section. The said sidewalk pavement shall be laid on the level or grade directed by
the chief engineer of the city of SavannahSec. 3. Be it further ordained, that the property owners
aforesaid shall also lay curbing, and do other things incident to
the construction of said sidewalks.
Sec. 4. Be it further ordained, that if any owner or owners
of any of the property on either side of those portions of the
streets above specified shall fail to lay sidewalk pavement and
curbing in front of their property as herein required, then the
city shall proceed to do so, after a lapse of thirty (30 days from
the time notice of the requirements of this ordinance shall have
been given to such owner or owners, which notices shall be served
by the marshal of the city of Savannah.
Sec. 5. Be it further ordained, that in the event that the
city shall proceed to do the work as provided in the preceding
section, said work shall be done at the expense and cost of such
owner or owners, and in the event the bill thereof shall remain
unpaid for a period of ten (10) days after its presentation to
such owner or owners, then said bill for said cost and expenses
shall be turned over to the city treasurer, who shall issue an
execution for its collection together with all costs against said
owner or owners and the abutting property, which execution shall
be levied and made in the manner pointed out by law for the levy
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 445
and making of the tax executions for taxes due the city of
Savannah.
Sec. 6. Be it further ordained that all ordinances and parts
of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be and the same are
hereby repealed.
Ordinance Passed June 9, 1915.
SALARIES OF CITY OFFICERS
By Alderman Pierpont:
An ordinance to fix the salaries of the city officers of the
city of Savannah for the term of two years for which they are
elected by city council on January 25, 1915-
Section I. Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of
the city of Savannah, in council assembled, that the salaries of
the city officers elected on January 25, 1915, for the term of two
years, shall be as follows: Building inspector, $1,500; clerk of
council, $2,400; clerk of police department, $1,800; city treasurer, $2,300; city attorney, $3,000; city marshal, $1,800; city
physicians, $750 each; clerk of market, $1,500; harbormaster,
$1,800; health officer, $4,000; chief of police, $2,600; chief engineer of fire department, $2,700; superintendent of water
works, $2,000; chairman tax assessors and ex-officio clerk of
board, $2,300; tax assessors, $750 each; chief engineer, $4,800.
Section 2. Be it further ordained that all ordinances and
parts of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be and the same
are hereby repealed.
Ordinance Passed January 25, 1915.
SALARY OF MAYOR
By the Finance Committee:
An ordinance to fix the salary of the mayor of the city of
Savannah at six thousand ($6,000.00) dollars per annum.
446 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of the city of
Savannah, in council assembled, that from and after the 25th
day of January, 1915, the mayor of the city of Savannah shall be
paid a salary at the rate of six thousand ($6,000.00) dollars per
annum, the same to be paid as are other salaries of city officials.
Section 2. Be it further ordained that all ordinances or
parts of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be and the
same are hereby repealed.
Ordinance Passed January 6, 1915.
SEWERSPURCHASE OF RIGHTS-OF-WAY FOR
By Committee on Drainage:

An ordinance to provide for the purchase of a sewer rightof-way through the lands of the estate of Minis, west of the
corporate limits of the city of Savannah.
Section 1. Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of
the city of Savannah, in council assembled, that the committee
on drainage be and they are hereby authorized to purchase from
the heirs of the estate of Minis the fee simple title to a right-ofway 20 feet in width through the lands of the estate of Minis,
between Hopkins street and Minis canal, west of the corporate
limits of the city of Savannah containing 24,400 square feet and
shown upon a map of same made by W. O'D. Rockwell, assistant
chief engineer of the city of Savannah, on the 14th day of April,
1915, at and for the sum of 5c per square foot.
Section 2. Be it further ordained that the payment for said
property shall not be made until the title is approved by the
city attorney.
Section 3. Be it further ordained that all ordinances and
parts of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be and the
same are hereby repealed.
Ordinance Passed April 14, 1915.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 447
SIDEWALKS TO BE KEPT IN GOOD REPAIR
By Committee on Streets and Lanes:
An ordinance to amend an ordinance to require owners and
lessees of abutting realty to keep the sidewalks in good repair, to
make such owners or lessees of said abutting realty or other persons, liable to reimburse said city for certain amounts paid out
as damages, to require public notice to be given calling upon said
owners and lessees to comply with the requirements of this ordinance, to direct and empower the director of public works to have
sidewalks laid, relaid or repaired, to prescribe the material to be
used in laying and relaying said sidewalks, to authorize the city
treasurer to issue executions against said abutting property owners for the expense of work done on sidewalks, to prescribe a
penalty for violation of this ordinance, and for other purposes,
adopted and approved May 3, 1911, by striking the words: the
"director of public works" wherever the same appears in said
ordinance, and inserting in lieu thereof the "chief engineer."
Section 1. Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of
the city of Savannah, in council assembled, that an ordinance entitled: An ordinance to require owners and lessees of abutting
realty to keep the sidewalks in good repair, to make such owners
or lessees of said abutting realty or other persons, liable to reimburse said city for certain amounts paid out as damages, to require public notice to be given calling upon said owners and
lessees to comply with requirements of this ordinance, to direct
and empower the director of public works to have sidewalks laid,
relaid or repaired, to prescribe the material to be used in laying
and relaying said sidewalk, to authorize the city treasurer to issue
executions against such abutting property owners for the expense
of work done on sidewalks, to prescribe a penalty for violation
of this ordinance and for other purposes, adopted and approved
May 3, 1911, be amended by striking the words "director of
public works" wherever the same appears in said ordinance, and
inserting in lieu thereof, the words "chief engineer."
Sec. 2. Be it further ordained that all ordinances and parts
448 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be and the same are
hereby repealed.
Ordinance Passed February 3, 1915.
SIDEWALKSPRESCRIBING WIDTHS AND PAVEMENT OF
By Committee on Streets and Lanes:
An ordinance to prescribe the width and location of sidewalks on Harris street, in the city of Savannah between West
Broad street and Purse street, and to provide for the pavement
thereof, and for other purposes:
Section 1- Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of
the city of Savannah, in council assembled, that the sidewalks
of Harris street in the city of Savannah, between West Broad
street and Purse street, shall have a width of five feet, commencing at the curb line of the roadway, and all persons owning
property on either side of said portion of said street, on the
date of the passage of this ordinance shall immediately thereafter lay a pavement on the sidewalk opposite their property of
concrete cement, said pavement shall be five feet in width, commencing at the curb line, and shall be laid on the level and grade
directed by the chief engineer of the city of Savannah.
Sec. 2. Be it further ordained that the property owners
aforesaid shall also lay curbing and do other things incident to
the construction of said sidewalk pavement.
Sec. 3. Be it further ordained that if any owner or owners
of any property on either side of the portion of the street above
specified shall fail to lay the sidewalk pavement and curbing in
front of. their property as herein required, that the city shall proceed to do so, after a lapse of thirty days from the time notice of
the requirements of this ordinance shall have been given to such
owner or owners, which notices shall be served by the marshal
of the city of Savannah.
. MAYOR'S ANXUAL REPORT 449
Sec. 4. Be it further ordained that in the event the city
proceed to do the work as provided in the preceding section, said
work shall be done at the expense and cost" of such owner or
owners, and in the event the bill thereof shall remain unpaid
for a period of ten days after its presentation to such owner or
owners, then said bill for said cost and expenses shall be turned
over to the city treasurer, who shall issue an execution for its
collection, together with all costs against said owner or owners,
and the abutting property, which execution shall be levied and
made in the manner pointed out by law for the levy and making
of the tax executions issued for taxes due the city of Savannah.
Sec. 5. Be it further ordained that all ordinances and parts
of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be and the same are
hereby repealed.
Ordinance Passed February 3, 1915.
SIDEWALKSLAYING OF
By Committee on Streets and Lanes:
An ordinance to provide for the laying of sidewalks in that
section of the city of Savannah bounded on the north by Waters
and Rivers streets, on the east by West Broad street, on the south
by Hull street and on the west by West Boundary street, to prescribe the widths of same, the material to be used, and to require
the owners of abutting property to lay the same:
Section 1. Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of the
city of Savannah, in council assembled, that all sidewalks in that
section of the city of Savannah, bounded on the north by Waters
and Rivers streets, on the east by West Broad street, on the
south by Hull street and on the west by West Boundary street,
shall be of the width and made of the material as fellows:
Ann StreetWidth of sidewalk, 4 feet; material, brick.
Laurel StreetWidth of sidewalk, 6 feet; material, brick.
Walnut StreetWidth of sidewalk, 6 feet; material, brick.
St. Gaul StreetWidth of sidewalk, 6 feet; material, brick.
450 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
Poplar StreetWidth of sidewalk, 6 feet; material, brick.
Fahm StreetWidth of sidewalk, 10 feet; material, cement.
Lumber Street (Bryan to Joachim)Width of sidewalk, 6
feet; material, brick.
Lumber Street (Bryan to Hull)Width of sidewalk, 6 feet;
material, cement.
West Boundary StreetWidth of sidewalk, 6 feet; material,
brick.
Water Street (Indian to River)Width of sidewalk, 10 feet;
material, brick.
Hull StreetWidth of sidewalk, 10 feet; material, brick.
Oglethorpe AvenueWidth of sidewalk, 10 feet; material,
brick.
York StreetWidth of sidewalk, 10 feet; material, brick.
President StreetWidth of sidewalk, 4 feet; material, brick.
Zubly StreetWidth of sidewalk, 6 feet; material, brick.
Congress StreetWidth of sidewalk, 6 feet; material, brick.
Bryan StreetWidth of sidewalk, 9.5 feet; material, brick.
Olive StreetWidth of sidewalk, 6 feet; material, brick.
Bay Street (West Broad to Fahm)Width of sidewalk, 6
feet; material, cement.
Bay Street (Fahm to Ogeechee canal)Width of sidewalk,
10 feet; material, brick.
Joachim StreetWidth of sidewalk, 6 feet; material, brick.
Mill StreetWidth of sidewalk, 6 feet; material, brick.
Indian StreetWidth of sidewalk, 13 feet; material, brick.
River Street (north side, east of Fahm)Width of sidewalk,
5 feet; material, brick.
River Street (south side only west of Fahm)Width of
sidewalk, 9-5 feet; material, brick.
River (south side, east of Fahm)Width of sidewalk, 10
feet; material, brick.
Sec. 2. Be it further ordained, that all persons owning property on either side of that portion of those streets specified in the
foregoing section, shall immediately after the passage of this
ordinance lay a pavement on the sidewalk opposite their property
of the material specified in said section, and said pavement shall
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 451
be of the width there specified. The pavement shall be laid on j j (
the level or grade directed by the chief engineer of the city of
Savannah.
Sec. 3. Be it further ordained that the property owners
aforesaid shall also lay curbing and do other things incident to
the construction of said sidewalk pavement.
Sec. 4. Be it further ordained that if any of the owner or
owners of any property on either side of those portions of the
streets above specified shall fail to lay the sidewalk, pavement
and curbing in front of their property as herein required, then
the city shall proceed to do so, after a lapse of thirty (30) days
from the time notice of the requirements of this ordinance shall
have been given to such owner or owners, which notices shall be
served by the marshal of the city of Savannah.
Section 5. Be it further ordained, that in the event the city
shall proceed to do the work as provided in the preceding section, said work shall be done at the expense and cost of such
owner or owners, and in the event the bill thereof shall remain
unpaid for a period of ten days after its presentation to such
owner or owners, then said bill for said cost and expenses shall
be turned over to the city treasurer, who shall issue an execution
for its collection, together with all costs against said owner or
owners, and the abutting property, which execution shall be levied
and made in the manner pointed out by law for the levy and
making of the tax executions issued for taxes due the city of
Savannah.
Sec. 6. Be it further ordained that all ordinances and parts
of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be and the same are
hereby repealed.
Ordinance Passed September 1, 1915.
STOOPS AND PORTICOSERECTION OF
By Alderman Daniel:
An ordinance to amend section 1063 of the Code of Savannah of 1907, and for other purposes.
452 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
Section 1. Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of the
city of Savannah, in council assembled, that section 1063 of the
code of Savannah of 1907 be and the same is hereby amended
by striking from said section the words beginning at the twelfth
line of said section and ending in the fourteenth line, as follows,
to-wit:
"And provided, further, that nothing herein contained shall
be held to prevent the mayor and aldermen from permitting the
erection of steps or porticos in the streets of the city on any
block on which the majority of the lots already have steps or
porticos in the streets."
Sec. 2. Be it further ordained that all ordinances and parts
of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be and the same is
hereby repealed.
Ordinance Passed October 18, 1915.
STREETS AND LANESCONNECTIONS TO BE
MADE BEFORE IMPROVEMENT OF
By Committee on Streets and Lanes:
An ordinance to provide that all gas, water, sewerage, electric
conduits and other connections must be made to the curb line before any street or lane is paved, and for other purposes.
Section 1. Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of the
city of Savannah in council assembled, that whenever any street,
lane or other highway in the city of Savannah is to be paved,
notice shall be served by the city marshal, .at least twenty days
prior to the beginning of such pavements, upon the owners or
agents of owners of the property alongside such street, lane or
other highway to be paved, and upon each company or corporation known as utility corporations having gas, water, sewerage,
electric conduits or other underground connections, that all such
connections must be made to the curb line before such pavement
is laid.
Sec. 2- Be it further ordained that any person guilty of a
violation of any of the provisions of this ordinance or a refusal
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 453
or failure to comply with such ordinance shall, upon conviction
before the police court of the city of Savannah, be subject to a
fine not exceeding one hundred ($100.00) dollars and imprisonment not to exceed thirty (30) days; either or both, in the discretion of the court, and in addition to this, if said connections
are not made prior to such pavement, the person, company, or
corporation refusing or failing to comply with such notice shall
be prohibited from making any underground connections whatsoever; which would require the tearing up of street pavements,
for a period of five years from the completion of such pavements.
Sec. 3. Be it further ordained that all ordinances or parts of
ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be, and the same are
hereby repealed.
Ordinance Passed February 3, 1915.
STREETS AND WARDSNAMING OF SAME
By Committee on City Ldts and Opening Streets:
An ordinance for describing and naming the streets and
ward in the territory incorporated within the city's limits by an
act of the legislature, approved August 17, 1914, and for other
purposes.
Section 1. Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of the
city of Savannah, in council assembled, that all that territory
bounded on the north by the north property line of Dale avenue,
extending from the west side of Waters avenue to the west side
of Bee road (a part of said north property line being a part of
the corporate limits of the city of Savannah, as defined by an act
of the legislature approved December 12, 1901); on the east by
west line of Bee road and the prolongation of said west line to its
intersection with an unnamed street in the Norton sub-division,
2,526.8 feet south of the north line of Dale avenue. South by
the north line of said unnamed street, extending westwardly to
the west side of Waters avenue. West by the west line of Waters
avenue, extending from said unnamed street northwardly to the
north line of Dale avenue (said west line of Waters avenue being
454 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
a part of the corporate limits of the city as defined by an act of
the legislature, approved December 12, 1901), having been annexed to the corporate territory of the city of Savannah by an
act of the general assembly of Georgia, approved August 17,
1914, shall have streets and wards named and described as
follows:
The street having an east and west direction extending between Waters avenue and Bee road will, beginning with the street
immediately south of Daffin Park, be named Forty-seventh, Fortyeighth, Forty-ninth, Fiftieth and Fifty-first streets, respectively,
the same, excepting Forty-seventh street, being continuations of
the streets of the same name, west of Waters avenue. The
lanes traversing the above described territory have an east and
west direction, and will be parallel with and known by the names
of the streets immediately north of them- The streets having a
north and south direction in the above described territory will be
named as follows, to-wit: The street extending along the west
boundary of said territory from Dale avenue to the south corporate limits, shall be known as Waters avenue; the streets east
of and parallel with Waters avenue, shall be named respectively,
Live Oak street, Cedar street and Ash street and Hickory street.
Section 2. Be it further ordained, that the entire section of
the described territory bounded on the north by Dale avenue, on
the east by Bee road, on the south by the unnamed street of the
Norton sub-division before mentioned, and on the west by Waters
avenue, shall be known and designated as Pierpont Ward.
Section 3. Be it further ordained that all ordinances and
parts of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be, and the
same are hereby repealed.
Ordinance Passed February 3, 1915.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 455
STREETS AND LANESTO PURCHASE SAME
FROM SAVANNAH REAL ESTATE AND
IMPROVEMENT COMPANY
By Committee on City Lots and Opening Streets:
An ordinance to provide for the purchase from Savannah
Real Estate and Improvement Company of certain streets, lanes
and avenues lying south of the corporate limits of the city of
Savannah, in consideration of the grading and curbing of the
streets conveyed, and for other purposes.
Section 1. Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of the
city of Savannah, in council assembled, that the city purchase
from Savannah Real Estate & Improvement Corripany those
streets, avenues and lanes in the sub-division of said company
south of the corporate limits of the city of Savannah, lying between the southern corporate limits of the city on the north,
the southern and eastern lines of Whatley avenue on the south
and east and the western line of Hopkins street, and the western
boundary of said sub-division on the west. The consideration of
said purchase being that the city will grade and curb the following streets and avenues in said sub-division, to-wit:
Whatley avenue from the corporate limits of the city of
Savannah on the north to the western boundary line of the land
of said company on the west.
Hopkins street from the corporate limits of the city. of
Savannah on the north to Whatley avenue on the south.
Stevens street from the corporate limits of the city of Savannah on the north to Whatley avenue on the south.
Bulloch street from the corporate limits of the city of Savannah on the north to Fifty-third street on the south.
Florence street from the corporate limits of the city of
Savannah on the north to Whatley avenue on the south.
Fifty-third street from Hopkins street on the west to Whatley avenue on the east.
All of which is shown upon a map of plat of same made by
W. O'D. Rockwell, assistant chief engineer of the city of Savannah, on June 23, 1915.
456 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
Sec. 2. Be it further ordained that the mayor of the city of
Savannah is authorized and directed to enter into a contract with
the said Savannah Real Estate & Improvement Company to carry
out the terms of this ordinance.
Sec. 3. Be it further ordained that all ordinances and parts
of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be and the same are
hereby repealed.
Ordinance Passed July 7, 1915.
WATER MAINSPURCHASE OF THOSE AT ELOYD
HEIGHTS
By Committee on Water and Committee on Finance:
An ordinance to purchase water mains at Eloyd Heights and
for other purposes.
Section 1. Be it ordained by the mayor and aldermen of the
city of Savannah, in council assembled, that the sum of $876.05
be and the same is hereby appropriated from the city treasury for
the purpose of purchasing from Mrs. Annie E. Doyle and
Laurence T. Doyle the water mains laid at Eloyd Heights in
Chatham county, Georgia, east of the corporate limits of the
city of Savannah, which mains are now connected with the city's
water system, provided the said Mrs. Annie E. Doyle and Laurence T. Doyle will deed to the city all the streets and lanes
through which said water mains are run.
Section 2. Be it further resolved that all ordinances and
parts of ordinances in conflict with this ordinance be and the
same are hereby repealed.
Ordinance Passed May 12, 1913.
ACTS
OF THE
GEORGIA LEGISLATURE
1914-1915
RELATIVE TO
CITY OF SAVANNAH

FOR VARIOUS MUNICIPAL PURPOSES
An act to amend the several acts relating to and incorporating the mayor and aldermen of the city of Savannah, and for
other purposes.
Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the
state of Georgia, and it is hereby enacted by authority of the
same, that no action for damages to person or property of any
character whatever shall be instituted against the city of Savannah unless within six months from the happening or infliction
of the injury complained of, the complainant, his executors and
administrators shall give notice to the mayor and aldermen of
said city of such injury in writing, stating in such notice the date
and place of the- happening or infliction of such injury, the manner of such infliction, the character of the injury, and the amount
of damage claimed therefor.
Section 2. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
That the said municipal corporation is hereby authorized and empowered to condemn property for the purpose of acquiring sites
for libraries, auditoriums, wharves, squares, playgrounds, and all
other public purposes. Provided, however, that this provision of
this act shall not repeal any of the provisions of the act of the
legislature of Georgia of 1895, approved December 11, 1895,
Act. 76, 1895, giving authority to the said city to condemn property for the purpose of opening streets, etc. The said municipal
corporation shall proceed in condemning property for the purposes here mentioned under the terms and provisions of an act
of the legislature of this state, approved December 18, 1894, entitled, "An act to provide for the uniform method of exercising
the right of condemnation, taking or damaging private property,"
and to be found on pages 95, 96, 97, 98, 99 and 100 of the volume
containing the published laws for the year 1894. The fact that
the property needed by the said municipal corporation for the
460 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
purposes here mentioned may be owned or used by a railroad or
other corporation shall be no bar to the exercise of the right of
condemnation hereby conferred.
Section 3. The said mayor and aldermen shall have full
power and authority to regulate the use of the streets of the city
of Savannah for business purposes and no person, firm or corporation shall have the right to use the streets of said city of Savannah for business purposes without first having obtained the
consent and license of the mayor and aldermen of the city of
Savannah.
Section 4. In the event of a vacancy in the office of mayor
or aldermen of the city of Savannah, any citizen of the city of
Savannah shall be eligible to election to such office, and the
mayor and aldermen shall elect such successor.
Section 5. Said mayor and aldermen shall have power and
authority to close any portion of a street or streets when necessary for the purpose of erecting an auditorium or other municipal building. ,
Section 6. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the
State of Georgia and it is hereby enacted by the authority of the
same that, from and after the passage of this aci, the corporate
limits of the city of Savannah shall be extended so as to embrace
the right-of-way of the Thunderbolt branch of the Savannah
Electric Company from the present Eastern corporate limits of
said city, opposite Bolton street in said city, in an easterly direction to the eastern side of a public road known as Skidaway
Road, the said extension being thirty (30) feet in width and approximately twenty-four hundred (2400) feet in length, and is
bounded on the north by the northern line of the right-of-way of
sajd Electric Company, on the east by the eastern line of Skidaway Road, on the south by the southern line of the right-of-way
of said Electric Company, and on the west by the present eastern
corporate limits of the city of Savannah.
Section 7. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid
that the said mayor and aldermen shall have power and authority
to appoint a traffic expert for the city of Savannah, who shall be
an expert in the matter of all freight and passenger rates affect-
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 461
ing the city of Savannah, and whose duties shall be defined by
the said mayor and aldermen with a view of avoiding any freight
or passenger rate discriminations against the said city. The
mayor and aldermen shall also have power and authority to appoint such assistants as in their judgment such traffic expert
may need to properly perform his duties, and shall provide for
the compensation of such officers when so appointed, and provide for all other expenses incident to the said office.
Section 8. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
That all laws and parts of laws in conflict with this act be, and
the same are hereby repealed.
Approved August 16, 1915.
,N. E. HARRIS, Governor.
ABOLISHING JUSTICES' COURTS AND ESTABLISHING MUNICIPAL COURT
An act to carry into effect in the city of Savannah the provisions of the amendment to Paragraph 1, Section 7, of Article 6
of the Constitution of the State of Georgia, ratified October 2nd,
1812, relating to the abolition of Justices' Courts and the office of
Justice of the Peace in certain cities, as further amended by an
act of the legislature of Georgia, approved July 29th, 1914, and
ratified November 3rd, 1914, relative to the abolition of said
courts and officers in the city of Savannah, and the establishment
in lieu thereof of such court or courts or system of courts as the
General Assembly may deem necessary; and in pursuance thereof to abolish all Justices Courts and the office of the Justice of
the Peace in the city of Savannah, and to establish in lieu thereof
the Municipal Court of Savannah; to define its jurisdiction and
powers; to provide for the appointments, qualifications, duties,
powers and compensation of the judges and other officers thereof;
to provide for pleading and practice and rules of procedure and
new trial therein; to abolish the office of constable in said city;
to define the jurisdiction of said court as to amount and subject
matter, and the territorial jurisdiction of each section thereof,
and for other purposes.
462 MAYOR'S AN'XUAL REPORT
Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the
State of Georgia, and it is hereby enacted by authority of the
same, that effective January 1st, 1916, all Justices Courts and
the office of justice of the Peace and Notary Public Ex-officio
Justice of the Peace in the city of Savannah, and the office of
Constable in the city of Savannah, be and the same are hereby
abolished, and in lieu thereof the Municipal Court of Savannah
is hereby created and established with the jurisdiction, judges and
officers hereinafter provided.
Section 2. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
that the territorial jurisdiction of said Municipal Court of Savannah shall be co-extensive with the corporate limits of the city of
Savannah as same now or may hereafter be, and in addition
thereto the said court shall fiave territorial jurisdiction over that
part of the county of Chatham not located in the corporate limits
of the city of Savannah.
Section 3. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
that the jurisdiction of the Municipal Court of Savannah as to
civil and criminal matters shall in all respects be the same as the
jurisdiction of Justices Courts in the county of Chatham at the
date of the passage of this act, and in addition thereto, the said
court shall have jurisdiction in trover and bail trover proceedings, in which the value of the property sued for, excessive of
hire does not exceed the principal sum of one hundred dollars.
Section 4. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
that the procedure, pleading and practice in said Municipal Court
of Savannah shall be the same as that prescribed by law at the
date of the passage of this Act for Justices Courts, and an appeal, certiorari, and all other matters, the procedure in said court,
except where changed by this act, shall be the same as prescribed
by law for Justices Courts.
Section 5. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
that where an appeal is taken so that if the case were in a
Justice Court that said appeal would be heard by a jury in a
Justices Court, then such appeal shall be heard and determined,
as fully as said jury would determine it, by the other two judges
who did not preside at the original hearing of the case, unless
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 463
the party appealing shall, at the time of making said appeal, damand in writing a trial by jury and deposit with the clerk the
sum of three dollars as jury fees, and if said two judges disagree,
such appeal shall be tried by a jury, and in the event of such
written demand or disagreement by said two judges, the said
Municipal Court jury shall be selected and impaneled as is now
provided in Justices Courts, except that the jurors may reside in
any district of the city of Savannah, and each juror shall receive
for his services the sum of fifty cents for each case actually tried
by him. Jurors shall be paid by the clerk of said court out of
the costs taxed and collected by said court for jury fees of which
he shall keep a separate record. In addition to the other costs to
be taxed by the court, the court shall tax against the losing party
three dollars in each case tried by a jury as costs for jury fees,
and if the party originally making the written demand for trial by
jury and depositing with the clerk the said sum of three dollars
as jury fees prevails in such proceedings the amount of said
deposit shall be taxed as aforesaid against the losing party as a
part of- the cost in the case, and if recovered, shall be refunded
to the party depositing same, after all cost have been paid.
Section 6. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
that there shall be a Chief Judge and two Associate Judges of
said court, and each of the three judges of said court shall have
all the power, authority and jurisdiction that a Justice of the
Peace now has under the laws of Georgia. Any attorney-at-Iaw
who is a resident of Chatham county, and who has practiced law
continuously for one or more years, shall be elegible to hold office
as associate judge of said court, but in addition to the foregoing
qualifications, the Chief Judge of said court must have practiced
law for five years or more. No such judge or chief judge shall
hold any other public office of honor, trust or profit, or practice
as an attorney or counsellor at law, but each judge of said court
shall devote his whole time and capacity, as far as public interest
demand, to the duties of his particular office as prescribed by law.
Section 7. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
that the chief judge of said court, in addition to the exercise of
all powers as a judge of said court, shall have the general super-
464 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
intendence of the business of said court. He shall have the
power to divide the court into sections or divisions, and to determine the division of the business of said court, and shall assign the judges to attend to the duties of said court and the divisions or sections thereof. He shall prescribe the hour for the
opening of said court, and for the attendance of judges, clerks
and bailiffs thereof, and shall generally have authority to make
such rules, not inconsistent with the provisions of this act, or
with the published rules of the court, as shall in the judgment
of said chief judge, seem advisable for the prompt and satisfactory disposition of the business of said court, provided that in the
. ase of the illness or absence of said chief judge he may designate
by an order duly filed with the clerk of said court, one of the associate judges of the court to act as chief judge pro tempore,
who shall have the foregoing powers and authority given in this
section to the chief judge, during the illness or absence of the
chief judge.
Section 8. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
that the chief judge of said court shall be ex-officio a judge of
the city court of Savannah, and he is hereby directed to preside in
the city court of Savannah in the trial of criminal cases, in the
trial of cases where the judge of the city court is disqualified; and
in such other cases as may be required by law or by the exigencies
of the court, as ex-officio judge of the city court of Savannah,
said chief shall, while presiding therein, have all the power and
authority of the judge of the city court of Savannah.
Section 9. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
that the chief judge and the two associate judges of said Municipal Court shall be elected by the mayor and aldermen of the city
of Savannah in council assembled within thirty days from the date
of the approval of this act, one associate judge shall be elected for
a term of one year beginning January 1st, 1916, and expiring
December 31st, 1917. The other associate judge shall be elected
for a term beginning January 1st, 1916, and expiring December
31st, 1918. The chief judge shall be elected for a term beginning
January 1st, 1916, and expiring December 31st, 1920. The successor to said judges so elected, shall be elected by the voters of
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT ____465
Chatham county qualified to vote for members of the General
Assembly, that is to say, the sucessors to each of said judges and
the chief judge shall be elected at the general State Election held
next preceding the expiration of his term of office. The judges
so elected shall hold office for a term of four years or until their
successors are elected and qualified. In the event of the death,
resignation or removal from office of any one of said judges, the
mayor and aldermen of the city of Savannah shall elect the successor or successors of said judge or judges, and the successor
or successors of said judge or judges so elected shall hold office
until the next general State election when a judge shall be elected by the people to fill the unexpired term or terms of said judge
or judges who may have died, resigned or been removed from
office.
Section 10. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
that the chief judge of said Municipal court shall receive a salary
of four thousand five hundred dollars ($4,500.00) per annum,
and each of said associate judges a salary of two thousand and
four hundred dollars per annum, payable monthly as hereinafter
provided. It shall be unlawful for ahy judge, clerk, bailiff, or
deputy clerk or deputy bailiff or other officer of said court directly or indirectly to charge or receive for his own use any fees,
emoluments or perquisites of office other than the salaries provided by this act.
Section 11. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
that any judge or the chief judge of said court may be impeached
for misfeasance or malfeasance in office, said impeachment shall
be preferred by presentment of the Grand Jury of Chatham
county, and said impeachment shall be tried before the Superior
court of said county under the rules governing the trial of misdemeanors. The impeachment of the judge or chief judge by the
Grand Jury shall operate to suspend him from office until the
impeachment is tried. If the verdict of the jury impaneled to
try the impeachment, be for the impeachment, the court shall
enter a judgment removing said judge or chief judge from office,
and the chief judge or judges so removed, shall thereafter be
ineligible to hold said office. If the judgment of the court be
466 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
against an impeachment, said judge or chief judge shall be restored to his office as though no impeachment had been preferred.
Section 12. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
that should any of the judges of said Municipal Court be disqualified from interest or otherwise, from sitting in any case
pending in said court, said judges or a majority of them, may
elect some practicing attorney at law to act as judge pro hac
vice, who shall exercise all the functions of a judge or judges in
such disqualified case or cases.
Section 13. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, that the judges of the Municipal Court of Savannah shall
be commissioned by the mayor and aldermen of the city of Savannah, after election as hereinbefore set forth, and before entering
upon the discharge of the office, each of said judges shall take
and subscribe an oath in substance the same as that provided for
the judges of the Superior Court of the State. Said oath shall
be taken before the Judge of the Superior Court of Chatham
county or the judge of the City Court of Savannah or the Ordinary of Chatham county.
Section 14. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
that the judges of said Municipal court shall on the first day of
January, 1916, organize said court and shall prepare and promulgate such rules of procedure and practice, not inconsistent with
this act and with the laws of the state, as may be necessary or
proper to cany on and facilitate the business of said court. Such
rules may be modified or changed from time to time, and shall be
binding upon the officers of said court, the attorneys practicing,
and parties litigating and the witnesses attending therein. AH
such rules shall be promptly filed with the clerk of the Municipal
Court and shall be printed within a reasonable time after their
adoption, and furnished upon application to the members of the
bar and the public generally.
Section 15. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
that there shall be a clerk and bailiff of said Municipal Court who
shall receive a salary of one thousand five hundred dollars
($1,500.00) per annum payable monthly. Said clerk and bailiff
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 467
shall be elected by the mayor and aldermen of the city of Savannah, in council assembled, for a term of four years from January 1st, 1916, and may be removed from office by said mayor
and aldermen during their said terms upon charges duly made
and filed in writing of misfeasance or malfeasance and upon conviction thereof. Said bailiff may appoint a deputy bailiff, with
the approval of the chief judge of said court, who shall receive
a salary of nine hundred dollars ($900.00). per annum payable
monthly as hereinafter provided and who shall hold office at the
pleasure of said bailiff and chief judge.
Section 16. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
that in the event the three judges of said Municipal Court certify
that additional officers are necessary in order to properly conduct
the business of said court, there shall be appointed by the clerk
with the approval of the chief judge a deputy clerk, and by the
bailiff with the approval of the chief judge an additional deputy
bailiff and such deputies shall be paid at the rate of three dollars ($3.00) per day each for each day serving, provided that no
deputy shall be appointed to serve for a term exceeding thirty
days without the approval of the mayor and aldermen of the city
of Savannah as to the length of said term. The chief judge of
said Municipal Court is authorized to remove such deputies appointed in pursuance of this section, at any time that he thinks
the duties of the court do not require such additional service.
Section 17. Be it further enacted that the clerk shall be
responsible for the acts of the deupty clerk, and the bailiff shall
be responsible for the acts of the deputy bailiff or deputy bailiffs.
The said clerk shall give bond in the sum of five thousand dollars
($5,000.00) and said bailiff in the sum of two thousand five hundred dollars ($2,500.00) with good security payable to the mayor
and aldermen of the city of Savannah, conditioned for the faithful
performance of the duties of his office by himself and his deputies, and for the true and prompt payment and accounting for all
moneys by himself and by his deputies.
Section 18. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
that the clerk of said Municipal Court touching the business of
said court shall have and exercise all of the duties, powers and
468 MAYOR'S AXNUAL REPORT
authority provided by law for the clerk of the Superior Court of
Chatham county, so far as the same are applicable to and not
inconsistent with the provisions of this act, and such other duties
pertaining to the business of said court as may be designated by
the judge of said court or a majority of them. The clerk shall
also have complete power and authority co-existent and coordinate with the power of the judges of said Municipal Court
under this act, to issue summary processes and writs which are
issuable as a matter of right, to issue garnishments and attachments, to administer oaths and take affidavits, to accept and approve bonds, and to discharge any and all other functions ministerial in character, which under the laws of this state are performed by justices of the peace. The deputy clerks of said Municipal Courts shall have and exercise all the functions and be
subject to all the responsibilities and requirements of the clerk
of the court.
Section 19. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
that the bailiff and deputy bailiffs of said Municipal Court shall
have and exercise all duties, powers and authority touching the
business of said court provided by law for the sheriff of the Superior Court of Chatham county, so far as the same are applicable
to and not inconsistent with the provisions of this act, and such
other duties pertaining to the business of said court as may be
designated by the judges of said court or a majority of them.
Section 20. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
that the terms of said court shall commence on the first Tuesday
of each month, and each term shall continue from day to day,
but not to run longer than the Monday preceding the commencement of the succeeding term. Suits shall be filed, served and
answered as now provided by law for suits in Justices Courts,
provided that answers' to garnishments may be filed at any time
during the first week of the term at which said garnishments are
answerable. All summons, executions, warrants, writs and proceedings of any kind issuing from said Municipal Court shall be
issued in the name of the chief judge of said court, and signed
by the clerk or deputy clerk of said court, all executions, warrants,
writs, and summary processes of any kind issuing from said
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 469
Municipal Court shall be directed to all and singular the bailiff
and his lawful deputies of said Municipal Court, and to all and
singular the sheriff and deputy sheriff of this state, and shall be
executed as is now provided by law for proceedings in Justices
Courts.
Section 21. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
that judgments, executions and all other processes and proceedings from said Municipal Court shall have the same effect and
lien as is now provided for similar proceedings in the Justice
of the Peace Courts.
Section 22. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
that all laws of force at the date of the passage of this act relating to and governing Justices of the Peace and Justice of the
Peace Courts as to all matters and things of every kind and character, shall apply to said Municipal Court, the judges thereof and
the proceedings therein, so far as the same may be applicable
unless inconsistent with the provisions of this act.
Section 23. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
that the mayor and aldermen of the city of Savannah shall provide and maintain a suitable place for holding said court, at some
place in the city of Savannah as near to the court house as may
in the discretion of the mayor and aldermen, be conveniently and
reasonably obtained; and shall provide the necessary furniture,
blanks, books, typewriters, and stationery for the use of the
said court; and shall provide for the payment of the salaries of
the judges, clerks, bailiff, deputy bailiffs and all other expenses
of said court. The County Commissioners of Chatham County
shall, so far as possible, co-operate with the mayor and aldermen
in providing a place or places for the holding of said court.
Section 24. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
that the costs and fees charged in said Municipal Court of Savannah shall be the same as are provided by law at the time of the
passage of this act for Justices Courts and constables in the
county of Chatham for similar services, except jury fees; provided that when the amount recovered shall not exceed the sum of
twenty dollars the charge shal be one-half of the present fees
charged.
470 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
Section 25. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
that each party filing suit or proceeding of any character in said
Municipal Court of Savannah shall deposit with the clerk of
said court at the time of the fifing or commencement of said proceeding the sum of two dollars, as costs of suit, provided however, that the said deposit shall not be required of any person
who shall subscribe an affidavit to the effect that from poverty
he is unable to pay the same, and provided further, that if the
party making such deposit shall finally prevail in said suit or proceeding, the amount of said deposit shall be taxed against the
losing party in said suit, and if recovered as against a losing
party defendant, shall be refunded to the party depositing the
same, after all costs have been paid.
Section 26. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
that when a party shall make oath that through his poverty he is
unable to make the deposit of two dollars hereinbefore provided
for or is unable to pay costs or to give bond, any other party at
interest or his agent or attorney may contest the truth of such
pauper affidavit by verifying affirmatively under oath that the
same is untrue, or the chief judge of the Municipal Court may
notify the party filing the said pauper affidavit that the court
desires the truth of the same tested. The issue thereby formed
shall be heard and determined by the court under the rules of
the Court, and if the charges be sustained, judgment shall be
rendered as if no affidavit had been made or bond given. If the
said charge be not sustained, where the contest has been made by
the opposite party, his agent or attorney, the cost of such hearing
shall be taxed against the party complaining. The judgment of
the court on all issues of fact touching the ability of a party to
pay costs, give bond, or to make the deposit of two dollars shall
be final.
Section 27. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
that an accurate record of all costs, fees and charges in said
court shall be kept by the clerk of said court, and that all costs,
fees and charges of every kind and collected by any of the officers
of said court shall be immediately turned over to the clerk of
said court and entered at once by said clerk on his records, and
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 471
on or before the fifth day of each and every month it shall be
the duty of the said clerk of said court to furnish the treasurer of
the city of Savannah a complete, accurate and sworn copy of all
costs, charges and collections and to pay over all of the moneys
collected to the said treasurer of the city of Savannah, and said
moneys so received by said treasurer for the clerk of said court
shall be held to the credit of said court and paid out, together
with any deficiency which it shall be the duty of the said mayor
and aldermen of the city of Savannah to supply to said treasurer,
by said treasurer upon a warrant signed by the chief judge of
said court. Failure of the clerk of said court or of the officers
of said court to promptly comply with the provisions of this section shall make it the duty of the mayor and aldermen of the city
of Savannah to immediately remove such official from office, provided upon sufficient excuse in writing, the time for the compliance by said official with this requirement is not postponed, by
the chief judge by order duly made and filed.
Section 28. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
that it shall be the duty of the chief judge of said Municipal Court
to see to it that the officers of the court are diligent in the collection of costs, and to this end he shall call the execution docket
of the court on some fixed day of each term and shall adopt such
measures and rules as will insure the payment of costs by the
parties liable for the same.
Section 29. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
that a complete set of the published reports of the Supreme Court
of Georgia and the Court of Appeals of the State of Georgia, and
the acts of the General Assembly of Georgia, commencing with
the acts of 1910, and future acts and reports and the Code of
Georgia of 1910, shall be furnished by the State Librarian to the
clerk of said Municipal Court of Savannah for the use of said
court.
Section 30. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
that the power and authority of the judges of said Municipal
Court of Savannah to punish as for contempt of said court, shall
not exceed a fine of twenty-five dollars or imprisonment for ten
days in jail, either or both in the discretion of the court, and the
472 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT ______
matters, acts and things which may be held by said Municipal
Court shall be the same as are now prescribed within the jurisdiction of the Superior Courts of said state.
Section 31. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
that all matters pending and undisposed of on the first day of
January, 1916, in the Justices Courts and Notary Public ExOfficio Justice of the Peace Courts in the city of Savannah, shall
be and they are hereby transferred to the Municipal Court of
Savannah for trial and disposition therein, and all final and other
processes in the hands of the officers of Justices Courts in the city
of Savannah or in the hands of officers of courts of Notaries
Public, ex-officio Justice of the Peace, shall be by them returned
to said Municipal Court, and all records and papers in said Justices Courts shall be delivered to said Municipal Court. The
officers of the Justice Courts hereby abolished shall be entitled
to all uncollected costs which may have accrued in cases in their
respective courts so transferred up to the first day of January,
1916, upon the collection of the same by the officers of said
Municipal Court of Savannah. Any Justice of the Peace or constable who shall fail to transmit such suits, papers and documents
and to return such processes within three days after written demand for such transmission and delivery has been made by the
clerk of said Municipal Court of Savannah, shall be held in contempt of said Municipal Court and shall be punished as provided
herein in cases of contempt.
Section 32. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid,
that all laws and parts of laws in conflict with this act be and the
same are hereby repealed.
Approved August 13, 1915.
N. E. HARRIS, Governor.
TO CLOSE McDONOUGH STREET
An act to authorize the mayor and aldermen of the city of
Savannah to close and abolish that portion of McDonough street
in Jackson Ward in the city of Savannah from Barnard street on
J
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT________473
.
the east to Jefferson street on the west, and bounded on the north
by lots twenty-one (21) and twenty-two (22), Jackson Ward, on
the east by Barnard street, on the South by lots twenty-seven (27)
and twenty-eight (28) Jackson Ward, and on the west by Jefferson street, and to authorize the mayor and aldermen of the city of
Savannah to use said portion of said street for public purposes,
and for other purposes.
Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the
State of Georgia and it is hereby enacted by the authority of ci'.e
same,'That the mayor and aldermen of the city of Savannah are
hereby authorized and empowered to close and abolish that
portion of McDonough street in Jackson Ward in the city of
Savannah from Barnard street on the east to Jefferson street on
the west, and bounded on the north by lots twenty-one (21) and
twenty-two* (22), Jackson Ward, east by Barnard street, south by
lots twenty-seven (27) and twenty-eight (28), Jackson Ward, and
the west by Jefferson street, and the said mayor and aldermen of
the city of Savannah are authorized to use said portion of said
street for the purpose of erecting thereon an auditorium and for
other public purposes.
Section 3. Be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid
that all laws and parts of laws in conflict with this act be and the
same are hereby repealed. j 1
1 Approved August 16, 1915. ?
N. E. HARRIS, Governor.

ANNUAL REPORT
OF THE
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC
HEALTH
OF THE
CITY OF SAVANNAH
FOR THE YEAR ENDING
DECEMBER 31
1915
INCLUDING REPORTS OF
THE BOARD OF SANITARY COMMISSIONERS BY THE
HEALTH OFFICER. BACTERIOLOGIST. THE
CHIEF FOOD INSPECTOR AND
PLUMBING INSPECTOR
REPORTS OF THE
CITY PHYSICIANS. HOSPITALS AND J
THE CITY DISPENSARY
W. F. BRUNNER
HEALTH OFFICER

BOARD OF SANITARY COMMISSIONERS
Mayor W. J. PIERPONT
Alderman JOHN W. DANIEL, M. D.
Alderman WM. W. WILLIAMSON
Col. BEIRNE GORDON
MR. JOSEPH M. SOLOMONS
WM. R. DANCY, M. D.
W. F. BRUNNER, M. D., Secretary and Health Officer
HEALTH DEPARTMENT
Officers and Employes
W. F. BRUNNER, M. D.______________Health Officer
V. H. BASSETT, M. D.________________Bacteriologist
DEWITT C. GILLES, D. V. M._______Chief Food Inspector
JANE VAN DE VREDE, R. N.______Assistant Bacteriologist
BARNETT COHEN____________________Chemist
H. A. POWERS____________Secretary to Health Officer
W. F. BENET____________________Clerk of Records
C. J. MELVIN_______________Chief Sanitary Inspector
B. L. McDONALD____________________Disinfector
THOS. W. FLEMING _______________Food Inspector
A. S. OTTO_____________________Milk Inspector
J. M. KEATING____________________Stenographer
R. C. SMITH-_Inspector of Hotels, Restaurants and Bakeries
G. R. MONAHAN__________________Sink Inspector
GEORGE LEWIN____________Assistant Food Inspector
BARTLEY DONOVAN_______District Sanitary Inspector
Y. E. MOREL____________District Sanitary Inspector
CHAS. COLEMAN __________District Sanitary Inspector
JOHN RIEDEMAN __________District Sanitary Inspector
L. W. STERN_____________District Sanitary Inspector
W. B. SPANN ____________District Sanitary Inspector
J. V. DOWLING____________District Sanitary Inspector
L. B. TAYLOR, M. D., City Physician for Whites (Northern District) .
L. J. CHEDEL, M. D., City Physician for Whites (Southern District) .
F. S. BELCHER, M. D., City Physician for Colored (Western
District).
C. C. MIDDLETON, M. D., City Physician for Colored (Eastern
District).
HARRIET ADAMS__Caretaker and Nurse, Smallpox Hospital
REPORT OF BOARD OF SANITARY
COMMISSIONERS
Savannah, Ga., Jan. 1, 1916.
To the HON. W. J. PIERPONT, Mayor,
City of Savannah, Ga.
SIR:
The report for the year which ended December 31st, 1915,
of that part of the sanitary work which came under the jurisdiction of your Health Officer is submitted. Accompanying this
report are the reports of Dr. V. H. Bassett, City Bacteriologist,
and that of Dr. DeWitt C. Gilles, Chief Food Inspector. Attached
to this report are the reports of the City Physicians, Keeper of
the City Dispensary, and those of the different hospitals receiving
aid from the city.
There was no outbreak of transmissible disease during the
year.
DEATHS FROM NATURAL CAUSES
ANNUAL RATIO PER 1,000
TEAR
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
Whites
568
543
442
449
440
Colored
1,234
1,107
1,038
1,074
1,133
Total
,802
,650
,480
,523
,573
Whites
16.22
15.09
11.95
11.81
11.59
Colored
30.75
27.00
24.71
24.99
26.39
Total
24.00
21.46
18.98
18.49
19.39
From this table it will be seen that, in spite of an increasing
population, the white death rate is steadily decreasing. The same
condition does not obtain in the colored race. The reason for
this condition of affairs is apparent. We have not thrown around
them the safeguards we place around the white population in the
congested districts in which the colored people live. The absence
480 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
of any building laws throws the colored population into those
sections of the city which do not have the same sanitary utilities
enjoyed by the whites, and this is the effect in deaths from
Tuberculosis; his death rate for same being four times greater
than the whites, and, in Pneumonia, three times as great. When
a child is born, the white child has got four chances against the
Negro's one to reach his first birthday. Even before the birth of
the child, the white baby has a five-to-one chance of being born
alive over the Negro, and, again, your Health Officer urges that
a Commission be appointed to look into the sanitary and moral
evils which surround the Negro. The colored and Negro people
are advancing rapidly, but without the sanitary and moral support
of the controlling element; namely, the white people, his progress
must be retarded.
PRINCIPAL CAUSES OF DEATH
Total
225
151
126
115
52
Tuberculosis _
Brights Disease _____
Pneumonia _ ____
Heart Disease _ _
Pellaera _ _ ______
Whites
28
51
30
34
10
Colored and
Negroes
197
100
96
81
42
TRANSMISSIBLE DISEASES
As stated above, there were no outbreaks of any of the transmissible diseases.
DIPTHERIA
There were 115 cases reported among the whites, with 3
deaths, and 26 cases among the colored people, with 1 death, the
death rate being about 3%, the lowest ever recorded.
SCARLET FEVER
There were 25 cases among the whites and 6 among the
colored, with no deaths.
MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT 481
SMALLPOX
The only case that occurred during the year was in the
person of a white man who came here from Winston-Salem,
N. C., who, upon arrival here, was found to be ill of Smallpox.
This is conclusive proof of a well vaccinated population. It is
also in evidence that, after years of looking after the colored
population, in the same careful manner adopted towards the
white, the Negro is appreciative and will not hide the disease. It
is doubtful if any other city in the South can show the same
obedience to sanitary laws that the Negro shows here.
MEASLES
This is not a reportable disease. There were no deaths
among the whites and only one among the colored.
WHOOPING COUGH
One death ooccurred among the white population and three
among the Negro.
TYPHOID FEVER
There were 7 deaths among the whites and 13 among the
colored.
BIRTHS
We, still, do not obtain from doctors and midwives over 80%
of the births occurring in the city. Physicians are gradually
reporting their cases and yet there are a few medical men of
good standing who only report their births when compelled to do
so. The 1915 births are exhibited in this table.
MONTHS Whites Colored Total
January _________ 84 84 168
February ________ 56 57 113
March ___________ 52 64 116
April ___________ 80 63 143
May ___________ 61 73 134
482 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
June __ __ _.
July
August _
September _ _.
October _ _ _ .
November _ .
December
- ._ 61
76
92
. __ 70
79
74
74
64
84
83
83
68
73
77
125
160
175
153
147
147
151
Grand Total ______ 859 873 1,732
SANITARY INSPECTION
The value of this part of the health work is hardly appreciated by our people, and this is to be expected, for most of the
work is done on private premises. A table shows, in a measure,
the work done in this direction. In connection with this matter,
your attention is called to the neglect of citizens to remove the
rank growth of weeds that are found from July until November
of each year. Fully 80% of the people are under the impression
that the Health Department does not prosecute this work with
vigor, but the facts are that the necessity of removing this
vegetable growth is not thoroughly realized by the owners of lots
containing such vegetation, because they seldom live near the
property on which the growth is found. Your Health Officer, for
years, advocated a more stringent law which should be enforced
when prosecutions are made and the offender should be punished
by the proper authorities. It is the fight of 80% of the people
against the other 20%.
SUMMARY OF SANITARY INSPECTION FOR THE
YEAR 1915
Bathtub waste pipe choked__________________ 69
Bathtub corroded _.______________________________ 10
Bathtub leaking _______________________ 45
Bathtub (no waste pipe sewer connection) ________ 3
Bathtub waste pipe in disrepair__:____________ 2
Bathtub without trap ____________________ I
MAYOR'S ANNUAL, REPORT 433
Bathtub without waste pipe __________________ 3
Bathtub waste pipe leaking __________________ 9
Bathtub (new bathtub recommended) __________ 8
Bathtub waste pipe disconnected_______________ 9
Plumbing Inspector (matters referred to)__________ 41
Building Inspector (matters referred to)__________ 17
Chief Engineer Fire Department (matters referred to)_ 6
Chief Engineer (low places in streets and lanes) _____ 166
Chief Engineer (city sewers and cesspools in bad order). 5
Chief Engineer (city sewers and cesspools choked)___ 25
Chief Engineer (defective sidewalks reported) _____ 83
Chief Engineer (delayed scavenger service reported)__ 26
Chief Engineer (no scavenger service reported)_____ 35
Chief Engineer (streets and lanes reported for cleaning). 31
Chief Engineer (ditches under Dry Culture for cleaning)- 37
Chief Engineer (no large garbage box for public school). 2
Debris, such as old tin, old building material, etc., in yards. 22
Low places in yards _________________>____ 62
Low places in alleys ____________________ 4
Low places in lots __________.___________ 26
Low places in fields and tracts_______________ 3
Low places under houses __________________ 19
Low places in railroad yards ________________ 3
Basements holding water___________________ 4
Power house wheel pit holding water. ____________ 3
Cellars, wet, damp or musty_________________ 34
Cellars holding water on account defective brickwork___ 3
Warehouse holding water __________________ 2
Stormwater in yards __________________ 38
Stormwater under houses _______________ 32
Stormwater in alleys ____________________ 1
Stormwater in excavations ___________ 2
Private ditches for cleaning_________________ 7
Ogeechee canal embankment preventing Stormwater from
running into canal _____________________ 5
Manure in yards _____________________ 5
Manure in stable yards ___________________ 7
484 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
Manure in stable lots _________________ 14
Manure in stables ______________________ 5
Privy houses partially dilapidated _____________ 8
Privy houses generally dilapidated _____________ 48
Privy houses with dilapidated roof _____________ 3
Privy houses with no door or with same dilapidated___ 9
Privy house flooring generally dilapidated_________ 8
Privy house dilapidated weatherboarding _________ 16
Privy vault improperly constructed _____________ 5
Privy vault (waste from same escaping to yard)____ 7
Privy vault caved ____________________ 4
Privy vault curbing in disrepair ______________ 24
Dry well caved __-______________________ 2
Rainwater leaders missing _____________ 14
Rainwater pipes partially missing_____________ 17
Rainwater leaders choked by leaves, etc.__________ 16
Rainwater gutters rotten _________________ 22
Rainwater leaders improperly diverting rainfall_____ 33
Rainwater gutters entirely missing ____________ 4
Rainwater gutters partially missing _____________ 6
Rainwater gutters choked by leaves, etc.__________ 4
Rainwater gutters not connected to stormwater sewer_ 3
Rainwater valleys broken _________________ 4
Roofs of dwellings leaking__________________ 93
Sinks cracked ______________________ 2
Sink waste pipe broken __________________ 41
Sink waste pipe not connected to sewer__________ 4
Sink waste pipe (none) ___________________ 12
Sink (no trap) _________________________ 14
Sink leaking to flooring _________________ 53
Sink entirely loosened from frame_____________ 7
Sink trap leaking ______________________ 6
Sink trap in bad order.___________ 9
Sink waste pipe leaking __________ 40
Sink waste pipe in general disrepair___________ 3
Sink baseboard rotten and unsanitary ___________ 3
Sink waste pipe disconnected ____________ 24
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 485
Sink waste pipe discharging contents to yards______ 8
Sink connection to yard brick drain in disrepair__ 16
Sink waste pipe choked ___________ 215
Sink (new one recommended) ___________ 12
Sewers choked ___________________ 417
Sewers broken ________________________ 393
Sewers open _______ 3
Sewers condemned _________________ 19
Soil pipe stack broken and leaking____________ 4
Sewer connection (none for plumbing fixtures)____ 13
Sewage leaking to yards___________________ 232
Sewage escaping to streets and lanes______________ 35
Sewage leaking to alleys __________________ 37
Sewage leaking to lots ________________ 2
Sewage escaping under houses_______________ 13
Rainwater settling in yards ________________ 26
Rainwater settling under houses _____________ 28
Rainwater settling in alleys ________________ 7
Trash in yards of vacant premises____________ 769
Trash in vacant houses ___________________ 18
Trash on lots _______________________ 10
Trash in alleys ________________________ 11
Trash in factories _____________________ 4
Trash in cellars _____________________ 9
Trash under houses _______.!_____________ 10
Urinal in bad order _____________________ 1
Urinal waste pipe choked__________________ 6
Urinal entirely disconnected _______,________ 5
Urinal trap leaking ______________________ 3
Urinal waste pipe leaking __,____________ 5
Urinal supply pipe leaking_________________ 4
Water closet house general dilapitated __________ 104
Water closet house partial dilapidated __________ 6
Water closet house (no roof) _____________ 12
Water closet house with leaky roof ________ 24
Water closet house (no door) _____________ 9
Water closet house (flooring partially dilapidaded) ___ 101
486 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
Water closet house (flooring generally dilapidated)_ 193
Water closet house (flooring laid at improper level)_ 57
Rank vegetation in yards of untenanted premises____ 265
Rank vegetation in alleys ________________ 4
Rank vegetation in streets and lanes __________ 11
Water closets choked ____________________l 3,464
Water closet (trough style) choked ___________ 15
Water closet general bad order._____________ 41
Water closet (bowl, trap, etc., entirely disconnected)__ 6
Water closet (no bowl) __________________ 5
Water closet bowl broken _________________ 13
Water closet bowl cracked __________________ 8
Water closet bowl loosened ________________ 11
Water closet bowl entirely disconnected _________ 14
Water clos.et bowl overflowing with water ________ 30
Water closet bowl overflowing with waste _________ 22
Water closet bowl requiring re-setting __________ 162
Water closet bowl (new one recommended) _______ 6
Water closet bowl leaking _________________ 13
Water closet bowl holding unflushed waste ________ 90
Water closet bowl rim loosened and leaking _______ 2
Water closet trap broken ____________________ 5
Water closet trap loosened, causing leakage _______ 17
Water closet trap disconnected ___________ 16
Water closet waste pipe broken ______________ 15
Water closet waste pipe loosened _____________ 6
Water closet waste pipe disconnected __________ 36
Water closet waste pipe leaking ______________ 48
Water closet trap (no vent cover)_____________ 11
Water closet trap (vent improperly fastened)______ 2
Water closet bad order (not specified) __________ 8
Water closet (new one recommended) __________ 6
Water closet tank (no tank) _______________ 18
Water closet tank casing rotten _____________ 10
Water closet tank broken __________________ 12
Water closet tank loosened _____________ 53
Water closet tank entirely disconnected _________ 32
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 487
Water closet tank overflowing or leaking to partition or
flooring ________________________ 249
Water closet tank valve or parts thereof missing ___ 82
Water closet tank valve or parts thereof in bad order_ 27
Water closet tank in bad order (not specified) _____ 57
Water closet tank (new one recommended)__ 42
Water closet flush pipe (none) ______ 93
Water closet flush pipe choked _______.______ 53
Water closet flush pipe broken _____-_________ 55
Water closet flush pipe mashed _____________ 3
Water closet flush pipe punctured ____________ 5
Water closet flush pipe disconnected from bowl ____ 9
Water closet flush pipe disconnected from tank ____ 14
.Water closet flush pipe leaking ______________ 321
Wash basin waste pipe choked ______-________ 3
Wash basin waste pipe leaking _________ 3
Wash basin (no sewer connection to waste pipe) ___ 1
Fire hydrants leaking _____________________ 14
Yard hydrants leaking ____________________ 1,794
House hydrants leaking ________________ 30
Kitchen hydrants leaking __________________ 145
Bathtub hydrants leaking___________________ 68
Wash basin hydrants leaking _____________ 4
Store hydrants leaking _____________ 6
Water supply to premises leaking ____________ 6
Water supply pipe from main leaking __________ 35
Water supply pipe to yard valve water closet______ 10
Water supply pipe underground ______________ 12
Street sprinkler leaking ___ *_______________ 12
Water supply pipe at sidewalk leaking __________ 6
Water supply pipe to yard hydrant leaking _______ 3
Water supply pipe to yard water closet tank ______ 495
Water supply pipe to house water closet tank ____ 26
Yard water closet tank valve leaking or flushing______ 867
No water to yard water closet tank ____________ 726
No water to auto tank closet _____________ 6
No water to premises ____________________ 42
488 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT__________
No water to house water closet tank ________ 8
No water to automatic valve water closet_________ 7
Insufficient water supply to yard water closet tank 91
Insufficient water supply to water closet in bathroom_ 6
Lot open to trespassersused as a privy__ 1
Excavationfoecal waste lodging in same________ 2
Fish house unsanitary _______ 1
Fair grounds inspected ____ 1
No drip pan for refrigerator in store 2
Water closet too close to bedroom windows________ 1
Stagnant water in excavation____ 2
Fish ponds holding stagnant water______________ 4
Privy building too close to dwelling___________ 1
No sanitary conveniences for premises________ 19
Urine thrown into yard____________________ 1
Vault pits used for privy purposes______________ 6
Sink waste pipe discharging into barrel___________ 1
Dilapidated and unsanitary buildings________ 3
Row of eight houses general dilapidation and very unsanitary
Hack stands causing nuisance account of urine and manure, 6
Chicken coops offensive _______________ 3
Premises found to be fire risk________________ 4
Privy vaults cleaned by unauthorized persons______ 5
No sewer connection for bar sink_____________ 2
Horse stable built against bedroom_____________ 1
Water closet on vacant premises abused__________ 8
Fence obstructing garbage removal_____________ 2
Gate of premises open, causing trespassing and abuse of
yards ____.*.__________________ 9
Gate of premises down, causing trespassing and abuse of
yards ____________________________ 9
Fence of premises open, causing trespassing and abuse of
yards ____________ 11
Fence of premises down, causing trespassing and abuse of
yards ________________ 18
Houses open to trespassing, with consequent abuse____ 15
Hogs found in corporate limits________________ 50
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 489
Park fountains choked____________________ 5
Privy vaults cleaned __________________ 349
Privy vaults filled _______________________ 12
Surface privies cleaned __________________ 261
Dry wells cleaned ________ 39
Tubs cleaned ______-_________________ 124
Buckets cleaned _____________________ 5
Drawer closets cleaned _________ __________ 59
Cisterns cleaned _____ 1
Sewers referred to Plumbing Inspector ___________ 4
Cesspools referred to Plumbing Inspector_________ 1
Water Closets referred to Plumbing Inspector_______ 32
Vent pipes referred to Plumbing Inspector_________ 5
Bathtubs referred to Plumbing Inspector__________ 18
Bathtub waste pipes referred to Plumbing Inspector.___ 3
Sinks referred to Plumbing Inspector ___________ 8
Sink waste pipes kitchen sinks referred to Plumbing Inspec. 6
Urinals referred to Plumbing Inspector__________ 2
Rainwater pipes referred to Plumbing Inspector_____ 2
Plumbing in general bad order referred to Plumbing Inspector __________________________ 18
' DOCKET CASES MADE FOR
Selling milk without permit_________________ 4
Keeping cow without permit ________________ 3
Not covering milk containers at time of delivery_____ 1
Running cookshop without permit______________ 3
Keeping screen doors of eating place open__ ___ __ I
Running restaurant without permit_____________ 2
Not cutting rank vegetation and properly disposing of the
same ____________________________ 71
Not having proper garbage receptacle____________ 3
Not effecting clearance of stoppage in sewer_______ 4
Placing trash and garbage on street or sidewalk_____ 1
Obstructing sewer with sticks, rags, etc.__________ 2
Hauling meat through the streets without properly covering
same ____________________________ 3
Selling immature veal ____________________ 2
490 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
Slaughtering crippled cow without notifying Health Officer,
Abusing Inspector in discharge of his duty._____________
Conducting unsanitary restaurant ____________________
Conducting unsanitary bakery _______________________
Smoking in bakery (by employe)______________________
Removing two dead bodies without official burial permit___
Failure to register as midwife and failure to report births_
During the construction of the new concrete sewer which
follows the course of the abandoned Bilbo canal it became necessary, in midsummer, to detail a sanitary inspector for a daily
examination of defective drainage and impounded foecal waste,
the odors from which, at times, were highly objectionable.
As usual, the matter of the proper disposition of rank vegetation was taken up by this department, with only partial success.
Seventy-one docket cases were made against owners of property
or their agents on account of disregard of the law touching on
this matter. Our inspection of property overgrown with rank
weeds began in the early summer and continued for several
weeks, during which time we examined and reported practically
every such lot in the corporate limits, several thousand in all.
A special survey of the sanitary conveniences in use, in
that section of the city south of Anderson Street to the Granger
Tract, and eastward to the city limits from East Broad Street,
was made by our inspection force, this being to determine to what
extent ditches were being used for taking care of sewage from
plumbing fixtures in the houses more or less recently erected in
the said section. A report of this inspection was made to the
Board of Sanitary Commissioners by the Health Officer.
At the approach of summer, a special cellar inspection was
made by the inspection force, this being ordered on account of
an excessive rainfall which affected cellars to a noticeable extent.
The inspection covered the whole of the wholesale and retail
district and was quite thorough.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 491
FOOD PRODUCTS
The enforcement of the laws governing the sale of food
products has been under the direct supervision of Dr. Gilles,
Chief Food Inspector. The improvements in the restaurants,
hotels and bakeries have been great, but there is one food product which cannot be handled intelligently until the product
(meat) passes through one central point of inspection. At the
present time it is impossible to pass on the meats brought in
here by railroads, wagons and from the half-dozen or more
butcher pens around the city. There should be a municipal
abattoir where all meats should be inspected before being placed
on the market. It is the opinion of those who know that such
an institution could be made self-supporting. It is doubtful
whether there is a city other than Savannah still following the
obsolete custom of allowing meats to be placed on sale without
the proper sanitary safeguards thrown around the slaughtering,
refrigeration and other sanitary control of the same.
WATER
The Health Officer, as far back as the year 1912, called the
attention of the city authorities to the necessity of investigating
the city's water supply. By this he meant an investigation should
be made to ascertain whether the present artesian supply would
be adequate in the next four or five years, and in his report for
the year 1914 he made the unqualified statement of the lack of
competent control of the water situation as to the conduct of the
Water Department and the inefficiency of its head. Since that
time it has been proved that, mechanically at least, the River
Pumping Station is defective; that the Gwinnett Street Pumping
Station had mechanical defects that were apparent to the layman;
that they were not recognized until pointed out to the Water Committee and the Board of Sanitary Commissioners by the Health
Department. It was found that the source of supply of the water
was absolutely beyond contamination and what pollution occurred
was through mechanical defects, necessitating the application of
purifying methods which were suggested by the Health Department and carried out under the supervision of the Chief Engi-
492 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
neer. This procedure has protected the citizens against a polluted
water supply. There has been some disloyalty among a small
percentage of our citizens, but the great mass of the people have
remained loyal and their confidence in the city authorities has not
been misplaced, which is amply proved when there was no sickness due to the water supply. At the same time there must be a
reorganization of the entire water system. The Health Officer has
touched lightly on this matter, but the documentary evidence
produced to the Water Committee and the Board of Sanitary
Commissioners sustained the Health Officer in every statement
he has ever made about the water question. He considers a detailed account of what has occurred as unnecessary for this report,
but the record of facts are on file.
The City of Savannah obtained the services of Messrs.
Stephenson and Dole, water experts from the Geological Survey
of the Interior Department, United States Government, Washington, at no cost to the city. Mr. Stephenson, years before, had
made a survey of the underground waters of the Georgia coastal
plain, from which we derive our water. Mr. Dole remained with
us for some time and made, first, a preliminary report. On returning for further observation, which resulted in a complete
report of the needs of Savannah for water supply, which is a
classic. It cost nothing and it is with a feeling of satisfaction to
the Health Officer that he states that the work of the Health
Department before his visits showed a thorough general knowledge of the situation, most of the credit of which should go to
Dr. Victor H. Bassett, City Bacteriologist, who, for months, performed not only the duties assigned to him for health work, but
also the mechanical work belonging to the functions of another
department. The Health Officer considers that, in justice to the
people of the City of Savannah and to himself, and with no other
idea save that of restoring to the people of this city a water
supply beyond pollution, these statements are made. As information, not once in the work did the Health Officer lack the majority
sentiment of the Water Committee and the Board of Sanitary
Commissioners.
Yours respectfully,
W. F. BRUNNER, M. D., Health Officer.
Annual Report of Deaths from Natural Causes in the City of Savannah, Ga., for 1915
CAUSE OF
DEATH
Abscess _ ___ - - _
Abscess of Brain _
Abscess of Leg __
Anaemia
Angina Pectoris __
Apoplexy __ _ ___
Asthma _ __ _ _ __
Brain, Inflammation of
Brain, Congestion of
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Annual Report of Deaths from Natural Causes in the City of Savannah, Ga., for 1915Continued
CAUSK OF
DKATfl
Hrights Disease - - -
Hronchitis Capillary
Cancer of Bladder -
Cancer of Liver ________
Cancer of Stomach _____
Cancer of Uterus _
Child Birth _ _ ______
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Annual Report of Deaths from Natural Causes in the City of Savannah, Ga., for 1915Continued
CAUSE OF
DEATH
Cystitis
Cholycystitis
Cellulitis
Diarrhoea
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Empyaema _
Enteritis
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Epilepsy
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Annual Report of Deaths from Natural Causes in the City of Savannah, Ga., for 1915Continued
CAUvSK OF
DKATH
Gall Stones __ __
Gastritis . ______
Gastro Enteritis _
Hepatitis __ ___
Heart Disease _ _
Heart Disease, Valvular.
Hydrocephalns _____
Insanity _____
Ileo Colitis _______
Intestines
Hemorrhage of ____
Obstruction of _
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Annual Report of Deaths from Natural Causes in the City of Savannah, GaM for 1915Continued
CAUSF, OF
DEATH
Lungs, Cyst of
Lungs, Congestion of -
Lungs, Oedema of __
Meningitis, Tubercular...
Old Age
Osteonyelitis __._
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Annual Report of Deaths from Natural Causes in the City of Savannah, Ga., for 1915Continued
CAUSE OF
DEATH
Patent Foramin Ovale
Peritonitis, Puerperal T^rtl 1 n fy ra
Ptomaine Poisoning
Pyaemia _________
Syphilis - ___
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Annual Report of Deaths from Natural Causes in the City of Savannah, Ga., for 1915Continued
CAUSE OF
DEATH
Tetanus
Tabes Dorsalis __
Umbilicus.Hemorrhage of
Ulcer of Leg
Undefined ____________
Uraemia -
Urethia, Stricture of
Uterus, Rupture of
Goitre ___________
Raynaud Disease - ______
Totals- ______ _
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AGE SUMMARY
Month
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February
April _
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Total
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1573
DEATHS FROM VIOLENCE, STILL BIRTHS, PREMATURE BIRTHS, ETC.
CAUSE OF
DEATH
ACCIDENTS
Fracture of Femur ___
Suffocation ___ _
Total ________
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DEATHS FROM VIOLENCE, STILL BIRTHS, PREMATURE BIRTHS, ETC.Continued
CAUSE OK
DEATH
HOMICIDES
Incised Wound ______
Poison, Carbolic Acid
Total .. _
SUICIDES
Strangulation ____
Total ______ .
Still Births __
Deaths Under 10 Years
Deaths Without
Physician
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195
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 503
LONGEVITY
WHITEMALES Age
Walker, William ______ 92
Madison, Lawrence H. 85
Reilly, Edward _______ 84
Chandler, Frederick ___ 83
Tuch, Jacob ________ 82
Gamble, Thomas, Sr.___ 82
Moore, Sibran T. _____ 82
Freundt, Alderberte H.__ 79
Duncan, A. McC. _____ 78
Walker, James C. _____ 78
West, Alonza _______ 78
Black, Henry G. ______ 76
Desboullons, A. L. ____ 76
Freeman, E. W. F._____ .76
Hutton, John _______ 70
Oppenheimer, Edwin N. 76
Gunderson, T. A. _____ 75
Hartnagle, Joseph 75
Knowles, William _____ 75
Steinbach, Louis __-_ 75
Alden, A. S. _____'___ 74
Foster, James L. _____ 74
Gaza, W. A. _________ 74
Marmelstein, Chas. A.___ 74
Radford, Lemuel T. ___ 74
Cummings, Wm. S. ____ 73
Farr, Joseph M. _ 73
Smith, Julius J. _______ 73
Walker, Rustin K. _____ 73
Fleming, James _ 72
Goolsby, Frank ______ 72
Gorham, Joseph 72
Long, Henry ________ 72
Von Newton, Carl ____ 72
Cannon. W. J. _______ 71
Hancock, Elmer H. ____ 71
Jewitt, Richard B. _____ 71
Metzger, W. B. ______ 71
Coats, Albert W. _____ 70
Hawkins, W. S. _______ 70
Wallace, Wm. G. _____ 70
WHITE FEMALES Age
Cohen, Henrietta. Mrs. _ 96
Driscoll. Mary, Mrs. ___ 93
Minis, Frances. Mrs. __ 93
Easterland, Johanna, Mrs.- 92
WHITE FEMALES Age
Gammert, Elizabeth, Mrs. -
Evans, Margaret, Mrs.
Ruckert, H. K., Mrs.__._..
Wbb, Mary S. A., Mrs.__
88
87
86
86
Redding, C., Mrs. 86
Thomas, M. W., Mrs.___ 85
Falligant, Sarah Jane, Mrs. 82
Frederick, Catherine, Mrs- 82
O'Rourke, Catherine, Mrs.- 82
Sanders, Emma M., Mrs._ 81
Bewan, Frederica, Mrs._ 80
Jones, Julia Snead,-Mrs.__~ 80
McBride, Jane, Mrs.____ 80
Ryan, Marie A., Mrs.___ 80
Badenhoop, Sophia, Mrs. 79
LaMotte, Helen, Mrs. __ 79
Beytagh, Maria T., Mrs._ 78
Cowan, Sarah S., Mrs.___ 78
Farr, Mary I., Mrs._____ 78
Xeenan, Sister Gertrude_ 78
Pacetti, Catherine M., Mrs. 7S
Stephens, Mary, Miss___ 78
Otta, Frances E., Mrs.___ 77
Reppard, Mary C.______ 77
Smith, Sue Cole, Mrs.___ 77
Shuman, Emily, Mrs.____ 77
Calvitt, Ella F., Mrs.___ 76
Davis, Mary R., Mrs.- 76
Dillon, Elizabeth, Mrs.__ 76
Purse, Laura A., Mrs.___ 76
Woodcock. Celestial. Mrs.- 7t>
Denham, Carrie. Mrs.___ 75
English, Annie E.. Mrs.__ 75
Cook, Margaret, Mrs.___ 74
McConnell. M. A. E., Mrs.. 74
Twiggs, Lucy E., Mrs.__ 74
Fremal, Emma. Mrs.___ 73
Pierce, T. F., Mrs._____ 73
Thornton, Sarah, Mrs.__ 73
Webna, Rebacca H.. Mrs. 73
Levy, Johanna. Mrs. ____ 72
Nickerson, F. M., Mrs.__ 72
Savage, Ann V., Mrs.___ 72
Smith, Anna. Mrs. ____ 72
Sturt, Julia A., Mrs._____ 72
Coward. Sarah, Mrs.____ 70
Anington, Missouri. Mrs. 70
Deavours. M. E., Mrs.__ 70
504 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
LONGEVITYContinued
WHITE FEMALES
Mclnerney, Ellen M., Mrs.
Perry, Emma C, Mrs.-- __
COLORED MALES
Boles, London __________
Robinson. George ____ _
Johnson, George _____
Jackson, Mack ___ -
Peters, Peter __ _ - _
Richmond, Aaron _ _ . _
Rivers, J. W. ____ _____
Walker, Jno. C. ___ -
Sawyer, Frank G. _ --
Simmons, Joe _
Henderson, Steven _ McDuffie, Toby __ - __
Reed, William _ __._
Tavlor. Reuben
Age
70
70
70
70
70
Ase
95
87
84
K>,
82
82
80
80
80
80
78
78
76
75
75
75
74
74
73
72
72
72
COLORED MALES
Bell, James ______________
Roberts, Martin
Roberson, Robert ____
COLORED FEMALES
Benjamin, Nellie ________
Gilford, Margaret ________
Olds, Jane M. _______
Baker, Betsy __ __________
Dilling, Dolly __________
Mitchell, Harriet __
Scarborough. Cecelia _ _
Age
70
70
70
70
70
70
70
70
Age
in?
m
80
80
80
77
7S
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74
74
74
73
7?,
7?
70
70
NATIVITY
PLACE OF
DEATH
Georgia Other than
New York
Florida
Kentucky _ -
Mississippi ____________
Massachusetts - -
Ohio ___ _____
Michigan ____ -
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United States __ _
West Indies
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MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 507
ANNUAL REPORT OF THE BACTERIOLOGIST
FOR THE YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31, 1915
Savannah, Ga., December 31, 1915.
DR. W. F. BRUNNER, Health Officer and Secretary Board of
Sanitary Commissioners, City of Savannah.
SIR:
The City Bacteriologist makes the following report of the
work of the Laboratory for the year ending December 31, 1915:
REGULATIONS FOR LABORATORY WORK
The Department offers facilities for the laboratory diagnosis
and quarantine control of the communicable diseases, for the
examination of milk, milk products and other food, for the e\-
amination of water and ice, and for making such other examinations, bearing on problems of municipal health, hygiene and
sanitation, as may be ordered by the Health Officer.'
The facilities of the Department are properly applied only
to those examinations which have a direct bearing on public
health. Clinical examinations which have only a private interest
are, therefore, not made. Services of this kind should be procured from practicing physicians or from commercial clinical
laboratories which make a specialty of this kind of work.
The facilities of the laboratory should be applied only to
those lines of work in which, by public report, inspection, and
systematic efforts for public education and prophylaxis, adequate
results can be obtained in the line of improvement of public
health.
By a regulation of the Board of Sanitary Commissioners,
specimens from patients with communicable diseases reportable
by law to the Health Officer, as the official representative of the
Board, are not examined until such report has been made by the
attending physician as required by law. The enforcement of this
regulation has resulted in a much more complete and prompt
508 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
report of such communicable diseases, and in a more complete
control of such communicable diseases. Any delay in such examinations is chargeable to the attending physician who has
failed to make such required reports.
Venereal diseases are not at present examined, since they
are not reportable by law, and for the further reason that no
systematic effort is made for the control of such diseases. As
soon as such provisions are made, examinations for the diagnosis
of such venereal diseases will be included in the list of required
work. This change is recommended.
It is desired to render as full a service as possible. Physicians and others who desire special examinations should, therefore, make application to the Health Officer, who will issue an
order for such examinations as are required for the control of
public health.
The following examinations are made for physicians on
submission of specimens. Special outfits are supplied for the
collection of specimens, and examinations are made only on
specimens collected in such outfits. Leaking specimens are not
examined, on account o'f the danger of handling such leaking
specimens.
(1) Examinations of swabs and cultures for diphtheria
bacilli, for diagnosis.
(2) Examinations of cultures from diphtheria convalescents for control of quarantine.
(3) Examination of blood specimens for the diagnosis of
typhoid fever, by the Widal reaction.
(4) Examination of blood for malarial and other parasites.
(5) Examination of sputum, urine, and pus, for tubercle
bacilli.
(6) Examination of dogs and other animals for the diagnosis of rabies.
(7) Examination of feces, etc., for the parasites and ova
of hookworm and other parasites.
(8) Examination of the urine of suspected typhoid patients
for the diazo-reaction.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 509
(9) Examination of the urine and feces of typhoid patients
and convalescents, or of typhoid carriers, for typhoid bacilli.
(10) Examination of the blood of typhoid patients, by culture methods, for typhoid bacilli.
(11) Examination of exudates, from cases of opthalmia,
by bacterioscopic and cultural methods.
(12) Examination of fluid obtained by lumbar puncture for
the diagnosis of meningitis.
(13) Such special examination as may be ordered by the
Health Officer.
Stations are maintained at the following points, at which
specimen outfits may be obtained, and where specimens may be
left for collection: x
Solomons' Drug Store, Bul! and Charlton Streets, Telephone
No. 63. '
Kieffer's Pharmacy, West Broad St. and Park Avenue, Telephone No. 3660.
Persse's Drug Store, Abercorn and Henry Streets, Telephone
No. 584.
Knight's Pharmacy, 102 Oglethorpe Ave., E., Telephone No.
539.
Stanton's Drug Store, 102 Liberty Street, West, Telephone
No. 571.
Schwalb's Drug Store, 2026 Habersham Street, Telephone
No. 931.
Hamilton's Cdllinsville Pharmacy, Anderson Street and
Waters Avenue, Telephone No. 153.
Specimen outfits are also supplied to the hospitals of the city.
Specimens are collected daily (Sundays and holidays included) at 5 P. M. from the stations. Specimens are not collected from hospitals. Specimens from hospitals should be sent
to the nearest station before 5 P. M., daily. Specimens which
require prompt examination should be sent directly to the laboratory.
Specimens secured after 5 P. M. or at night should not be
sent to the stations, except for collection at 5 P. M. on the following day. Such specimens should be delivered to the station
510 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
at Knight's Pharmacy, Oglethorpe Avenue and Drayton Street.,
where an incubator is maintained for the incubation of such specimens as require it. Specimens left at Knight's Pharmacy during
the night are collected at 9 A. M., and are ready for immediate
examination.
The Bacteriologist, or one of his assistants, is subject to
call at any time, night or day, for the examination of swabs from
suspected diphtheria cases.
Complaints in regard to irregular service should be directed
to the Bacteriologist or to the Health Officer.
The following outfits for the collection of specimens are
supplied and may be obtained by physicians, or by patients on
order of physicians, from the stations, from hospitals, or from
the laboratory:
(1) Outfit for collection of sputum.
(2) Outfit for making diphtheria swabs and cultures.
(3) Outfit for securing blood for the Widal reaction.
(4) Outfit for securing urine for the diazo-reaction.
(5) Outfit for blood culture, typhoid fever.
(6) Outfit for securing blood smears, for diagnosis of malaria.
(7) Outfit for securing specimens of feces, for parasites.
(8) Outfit for mass specimens of feces.
(9) Outfit for collecting spinal fluid, for diagnosis of meningitis.
(10) Outfit for collecting exudate, from cases of ophthalmia, for bacterioscopic examination and culture.
The outfits for blood culture, for mass specimens of feces,
and for diagnosis of ophthalmia are not placed at culture stations,
but are furnished to physicians only on special request.
The data blanks are numbered serially, dated, and filed after
examinations are made. Reports are made on special forms to
both physician and health officer by mail. Reports are sent by
telephone to physicians who can be reached by telephone.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 511
WORK OF THE YEAR 1915
The total number of examinations made in 1915 was eleven
thousand three hundred and twenty-two (11,322), an increase
of eight hundred forty (840) over the year 1914. The total
number of examinations for communicable diseases was two
thousand five hundred and seventeen (2,517), an increase of
thirty-nine (39) over 1914. The total number of examinations
for other purposes was increased by eight hundred and one
(801), the increase being largely due to examinations of water
specimens. There was some decrease in the number of examinations of foods.
The work of the year is presented in tabular form in Table
No. I.
TABLE No. I
Showing Laboratory Examinations Made in 1915 by Months
1915
Examinations of Sputum and Other Material for
Tuberculosis, Positive _.-- -. - _.. _
Examinations of Sputum and Other Material for
Diptheria Cultures for Release of Quarantine,
Positive
Diptheria Cultures for Release of Quarantine,
Negative - _ _
Typhoid Fever, Widal Test, Positive. __ ___ ____
Typhoid Fever, Tilood Cultures - _____
Animal Parasites (Other than Malarial), Positive _
Animal Parasites (Other than Malarial), Negative _
Ophthalmia, Negative ____________________________
Special Examinations ___ _ __ _
Chemical Examinations, Milk, Cream, Food, Water,
Etc
Bacteriological Examinations, Milk, Cream, Food,
Water, Etc. __ _ ___ _ _ _ __ _ __
Grand Total _________________ ______________
a
a >,
9
27
20
36
16
21
3
8
3
1
1
13
4
2
1
21
218
434
838
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4
38
9
62
22
15
1
10
13
6
16
19
226
420
861
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64
6
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5
5
4
10
3
1
13
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9
20
269
273
722
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33
4
26
5
6
2
12
1
2
22
7
17
1
22
255
254
681
X
rt _< r~i
5
26 "id
2
1
7
19
6
2
27
4
21
11
281
324
746
V
C
3 1 i
13
21
5
5
""16
26
5
1
43
5
15
14
298
631
1,092
>,
15
15
29?
70
4
7
12
29
7
8
34
4
9
14
331
511
1,086
frb
<
6
32
7
13
2
7
8
57
8
3
1
38
9
10
1
38
266
450
956
a. <u
in
4
37
8
15
3
6
10
62
12
2
10
41
7
6
5
6
16
280
565
1,095
-*^
0
O
6
31
34
41
29
23
5
35
7
29
8
12
1
2
14
303
610
1,190
>
o
y,
8
45
23
34
23
31
2
10
2
7
20
3
16
1
8
274
507
1,014
(j l_
Q
6
48
18
24
27
22
6
17
1
3
17
5
6
2
1
"13
320
505
1,041
"a
.*-
o
H
96
431
136
364
138
144
70
295
46
1
12
38
310
66
139
11
9
1
210
3,321
5,484
11,322
11,322
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 513
RESUME OF THE WORK OF EIGHT YEARS
In Tables Nos, II, III, and IV, is presented a resume of the
work of the laboratory since its establishment.
In making these estimates, the total number of examinations, both chemical and bacteriological, is listed. In many
instances two examinations have been made on one specimen.
The total number of specimens is about one-third less than the
total number of examinations.
TABLE No. II
Showing number of Laboratory examinations made yearly
since 1908:
1908 (3 Months)____________ 405
1909 ___________________ 2,603
1910 ____________________ 8,735
1911 ____________________ 10,098
1912 ____________________ 8,250
1913 ____________________ 8,224
1914 ____________________ 10,482
1915 _______ J____________ 11,322
Total ________________ 60.119
514 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
TABLE No. Ill
Review of the work of the Laboratory since October, 1908,
showing number of clinical examinations and number of bacteriological and chemical examinations of food, etc.:
TEAR
1908 (3 Months) 284
1909 _______ 1,947
1910 ________ 1,779
1911 ________ 2,168
1912 ________ 2,081
1913 ________ 2,787
1914 ________ 2,478
1915 _______ 2,517
Clinical Food
Examinations Examinations Total
121 405
656
6,956
7,930
6,169
5,437
8,004
8,805
2,603
8,735
10,098
8,250
8,224
10,482
11.322
Grand Totals _16,041 44,078 60,119
TABLE No. IV
Showing Total Number of Examinations by Years
Total No. Examinations for Diphtheria
Total No. Examinations for Animal Parasites __
Total No. Examinations for Meningitis __ _
Total No. Examinations for Ophthalmia
Total No. Examinations for Special Purposes
Total No. Examinations Food, Etc., Chemical __
Total No, Examinations Food, Etc., Bacteriological
Grand Totals ____
1908
3Mos
35
34
156
24
20
15
56
65
405
1909
310
284
553
265
353
7
175
245
411
2,603
1910
379
200
621
228
176
4
171
3,474
^ 48?
8,735
1911
393
342
876
192
128
89
148
4,099
3,831
10,098
1912
491
299
590
304
175
25
197
2,854
1 ^1 Z
8,250
1913
547
458
909
409
149
16
199
2,522
2,915
8,224
1914
540
388
897
319
198
5
181
3,357
4647 '
10,482
1915
527
424
782
348
205
11
10
210
3,321
5d<M
11 V>7
Total
3,222
7 17Q
5,384
2,089
. 1,504
157
10
1,296
19,928
74 1 150
fiO 119
K]
o
* tfl
G
mD
o
Pi
516 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
EXAMINATION FOR THE DIAGNOSIS AND CONTROL OF COMMUNICABLE DISEASES, 1915
TUBERCULOSIS
Five hundred and twenty-seven (527) specimens were examined in 1915 for the diagnosis of tuberculosis, as compared
with five hundred and forty (540) in 1914. Tubercle bacilli were
demonstrated in one hundred and thirty-six (136) specimens.
The examinations are made by the direct method and many
duplicate specimens are examined. In negative cases, before
making a report, an average search of twenty-seven (27) minutes
was made. It is believed that this long search, applied to duplicate specimens, is preferable, where time is available, to the
examination by concentration methods, and that this method of
search is of great value, especially in the diagnosis of early cases.
MALARIAL FEVER
Three hundred and forty-eight (348) specimens were examined for malarial fever. The malarial parasite was demonstrated in thirty-eight (38) specimens. An average time of
twenty-five (25) minutes was spent on each specimen reported
as negative. Aestivo-autumnal parasites were found in twentynine (29) specimens, tertian parasites (single brood) in seven
(7) specimens, and tertian parasites (double brood) in two (2)
specimens. These examinations have been of material help in
the diagnosis of malarial fever. Thin smears are examined in
most cases. It would be profitable to apply Von Ezdorf's method
of examining thick smears in some of the doubtful cases, and
physicians are requested to submit both thin and thick smears,
in separate outfits, for the trial of this method. The large number
of negative reports is explained by the fact that many cases,
which are clearly not malarial, are submitted for examination.
TYPHOID FEVER
Four hundred and eleven (411) specimens of blood were
submitted to the Widal test for typhoid fever. This number included many duplicate specimens, and also specimens from many
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 517
cases which finally were determined not to be typhoid fever.
Seventy (70) specimens gave positive tests. Forty-six (46)
specimens gave inconclusive tests, and were for the most part
submitted to further examination. Two hundred and ninety-five
(295) specimens gave negative results. Only one (1) specimen
of urine was examined by Ehrlich's test. Twelve (12) blood
cultures were examined. For this purpose, both Simon's Tube
Culture Outfits and Rosenow Blood Culture Outfits are supplied,
but these are not much used. It is believed that the systematic
use of blood cultures would be useful in the diagnosis of typhoid
fever.
ANIMAL PARASITES
For the diagnosis of infection with animal parasites (other
than malarial), two hundred and five (205) specimens, mainly
fecal, were examined. Parasites were found in sixty-six (66)
specimens, as follows:
Hookworm __________________ 55
Cercomonas Intestinalis __________ 6
Encysted Flagellates ____________ 1
Taenia Saginata ______________ 3
Oxyuris Vermicularis ___________ 1
Ascaris Lumbricoides ___________ 1
Trichocephalus Trichiuris _________ 1
Including two double infections with hookworm and cercomonas.
MENINGITIS
Eleven (11) examinations were made for meningitis, all
negative.
DIPHTHERIA
Seven hundred and eighty-two (782) examinations of swabs
and cultures were made for the diagnosis of diphtheria. Of the
reported cases, eleven (11) were laryngeal, two (2) nasal, and
one hundred and twenty-three (123) pharyngeal. A total of
518 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
one hundred and thirty-six (136) cases were reported as positive.
In addition, three hundred and sixty-four (364) cultures were
examined and negative reports made. Two hundred and eightytwo (282) cultures were examined for control of quarantine, of
which one hundred and thirty-eight (138) were reported as positive, necessitating longer periods of isolation. The average
period of quarantine, under culture control, was fifteen and onehalf days (15J/2 days). It is again recommended that two consecutive negative cultures be required for release of quarantine.
In fifty-five and nine-tenths per cent. (55.9%) of the positive
cases, an immediate diagnosis was made by bacterioscopic examination of the swabs.
RABIES
Ten (10) animals were examined during the year for infection with rabies, and in nine (9) cases a positive diagnosis of the
infection was made. In addition, five (5) cases of dog bite came
under observation, in which observation of the live animals determined the fact that there was no danger of infection. Three
dogs, considered from the symptoms to be rabid, were killed but
not submitted for examination.
The bacteriologist repeats the advice of previous years, that
all cases of dog-bite should come immediately under the care of
a physician, whose directions should be carefully followed. All
wounds should be cauterized. Dogs thought to be rabid should
not be killed, unless this is necessary to prevent their biting
people or animals, but should be kept under observation, and
in case of death examined. The examination after death from
the disease is much more conclusive. An exception might be
made, on the advice of the attending physician, in cases in which
the bites have been inflicted on the face or neck.
SPECIAL EXAMINATIONS
Two hundred and ten (210) special examinations, mainly
clinical, were made during the year.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 519
MILK
Two thousand, eight hundred and thirty-seven (2,837) samples of milk were examined. Both chemical and bacteriological
examination shows the milk to be of the same good quality as
that examined in 1914. The regular examinations are listed in
Tables Nos. V, VI, VII, VIII, and IX. The number of illegal
samples is very small. There has been a decided improvement
in the milk supply, as determined by the bacterial count, as shown
by the fact that 16.3% of the total number of samples contained
excessive bacteria in 1914; and only 10.9% in 1915.
A number of special tests were made, showing that preservatives were used to a very slight extent; and that samples were
free from special fermenting organisms of objectionable character.
Twenty-eight (28) samples, defective, as determined by the
regular tests, were examined with the Immersion Refractometer,
and of these, seventeen (17) were found to be adulterated by the
addition of water.
TABLE No. V
Table showing the results of the examination of two
thousand, eight hundred and thirty-seven (2,837) specimens of
milk with regard to content of solids other than fat (solids not
fat.
Standard, not less than 8.5% of solids not fat.
No. of Samples Percentage
Samples with 9% of solids not fat,
or more _____________2,501 88.1%
Samples with from 8.5 to 8.9% of
solids not fat _________ 321 11.3
Samples with from 8.0 to 8.4% of
solids not fat __________ 10 0.4
Samples with less than 8% of solids
not fat ______________ 5 0.2
Samples below standard of 8.5% of
solids not fat _________ 15 0.6
520 MAYOR'S AXNUAL REPORT
TABLE No. VI
Showing the results of the examination of two thousand,
eight hundred and thirty-seven (2,837) samples of milk with
regards to total solids. Standard 12% of total solids.
No. of
Samples Percentage
Samples with 13% of total solids or
more _______________2,328 82.0
Samples with from 12.5 to 12.9% of
total solids ___________ 396 14.0
Samples with from 12 to 12.4% of
total solids ___________ 90 3.2
Samples with less than 12% of total
solids (below standard)____ 23 0.8
TABLE No. VII
Showing the results of the examination of two thousand,
eight hundred and thirty-seven (2,837) samples of milk with
regard to fat content. Standard not less than 3.5% fat.
No. of
Samples Percentage
Samples with 4% of fat or more_2,238 78.9%
Samples with from 3.5 to 3.9% of
fat ________________ 503 17.7
Samples with from 3 to 3.4% of fat, 79 2.8
Samples with less than 3% fat___ 17 0.6
Samples with less than standard of
3.5%. fat _____________ 96 3.4
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 521
TABLE No. VIII
Table showing the results of the examination of two
thousand, eight hundred and thirty-five (2,835) samples of milk,
with regard to the bacterial content. (Standard during the
period, November 1st to April 1st, not more than 100,000 bacteria
per CC; standard during the period from April 1st to November >>
1st, not more than 300,000 bacteria per CC.) 'i
No. of J Samples Percentage (J
Samples with less than 50,000 $
bacteria per CC________1,837 64.8 Nf
Samples with more than 50,000, but ijjjj
less than 100,000 ________ 419 14.8
Samples with more than 100,000, but
less than 300,000________ 362 12.7
Samples with more than 300,000, but
not more than 1,000,000___ 181 6.4
Samples with more than 1,000,000
bacteria per CC ________ 36 1.3
Samples not meeting the standards
indicated above ________ 310 10.9
322 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT yo
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MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 523
CREAM
The chemical standard for cream is that it shall contain not
less than 18% of butter fat. Two hundred and forty-five (245)
samples of cream were examined in 1915, and only four (4), or
1.63% of the samples, were found to be illegal.
The bacteriological standard for cream is that it shall contain
not more than 500,000 bacteria per CC. during the period from
November 1st to April 1st; and not more than 1,000,000 bacteria
per CC. during the period from April 1st to November 1st. Two
hundred and forty-five (245) samples were examined during the
year, and of these, fifty-nine (59), or 24.1 %, were illegal. There
is evidently room for improvement in cream from a bacteriological standpoint, though the product is of good fat content, as
determined by chemical analysis.
ICE
Nine (9) samples of ice were examined bacteriologically
during the year and found to be of a high degree of purity. The
examinations were made for the purpose of certifying to the
purity of the product used by interstate carriers. Since the ice
used here is made from pure artesian water, or from distilled
water, by artificial freezing methods, the product should be and
is a pure one.
Artificial ice made from natural waters sometimes contains
in the center of the cake, a white deposit; this is due to the fact
that the natural salts of the water, which are usually washed
out before the cake is finally frozen solid, have been in part
caught by the freezing process. As the ice melts, this substance
forms a white layer over a part of the ice. These salts, which are
mostly lime and magnesia salts, are entirely harmless, and are
in fact, the same substances as the famous minerals which are
claimed to be found in many mineral waters.
WATER EXAMINATIONS
Prior to January, 1915, the work of this department in regard
to examination of the city water supply, had been restricted to
524 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
an occasional bacteriological analysis of tap water. At no time
had excessive numbers of bacteria been found, and fermenting
organisms of the colon type had never been found, even in quantities of water up to 300 CC. These examinations, while small in
number, were sufficient, we believed, since we had an artesian
supply, to determine the quality of our supply. It is now evident
that our position would have been correct, if the equipment of the
water stations, from wells to pumps, had been kept in order, but
the events of this year have shown that the number of examinations made was not sufficient to safeguard the supply against
defective equipment.
In the latter part of January, 1915, Dr. John R. Ridlon, an
officer of the United States Public Health Service, stationed in
Savannah, and at that time engaged, as a part of his duty, in the
examination of the water supplies of the cities of Georgia and
neighboring states, in the interest of interstate carriers, reported
that the water supply of Savannah was not of that high degree
of purity which should be secured with a supply of artesian water.
These findings were at once confirmed in this department and
reported to the Health Officer. An inspection of the water
stations at River Station and Gwinnett Street Station was made
and samples of water from both supplies and from taps examined.
It was found at that time, as will be shown in detail, that the
water supply at Gwinnett Street Station was good, but that the
supply at River Station was contaminated to a certain extent by
the entrance of surface water. An investigation was begun and
continued during the year, to determine the source and character
of the contamination. Since the findings are of some value in
determining not only the character of the water supply and the
sources of its contamination, but also the condition of the waterworks equipment, a detailed report is appended.
A total number of one thousand and eighty-eight (1,088)
samples of water was examined, as follows:
Samples from Wells at River Station________ 264
Samples from Conduit at River Station_____ 95
Samples from Reservoir at River Station_____ 180
MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT 525
Samples from Gwinnett Station Reservoir____ 228
Samples from Gwinnett St. Conduit and connections ______________________ 63
Samples from Springfield Well OutletGwinnett
Station ______________________ 12
Samples from Taps in City, North of Liberty St.__ 165
Samples from Taps in City, South of Liberty St.__ 57
Samples from Wellsnot City Supply______ 24
Total _______________________1,088
STANDARD OF PURITY FOR CITY WATER
Since it will be necessary, in discussing the results of these
analyses, to refer to the standard adopted by the United States
Public Health Service, as a standard of purity for water used by
interstate carriers, it will be given here. The U. S. standard*
requires that a water contain not more than 100 bacteria per cubic
centimeter (as grown at 37 C.); and that not more than one
Ten-CC test of five tests on each sample contain organisms of
the colon type (of fecal origin). Also, that the water be entirely
free from any organisms of transmissible diseases. No water can
be used on the trains and boats entering and leaving Savannah
(if in interstate traffic), unless it meet this standard of purity.
While the above standard was not intended to be applied
generally to city supplies, and while the supplies of many cities
using partly purified river or lake water would fail to meet this
standard, it is evident that Savannah, with an artesian supply,
should have a very pure water; in fact, we should apply a stricter
standard than that applied by the Public Health Service to waters
of various origin, many of them surface waters. Our supply at
the reservoirs should meet a standard about as follows: The
bacterial content should be very low, as low as fifty (50) bacteria
per CC. The water should contain no fermenting organisms of
the colon type. The water should contain no disease producing
organisms. The investigation made shows that our water at its
source meets this stricter requirement. Thus the examination
of water from Well No. 17 at River Station (a well which dis-
526 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
charges separately from other wells of the system) shows the
following results: Ten examinations made at various times
during the year show an entire absence of harmful organisms.
t The average bacterial count of the ten samples showed only
twelve (12) organisms per CC. The lowest count was two (2)
bacteria per CC, the highest (and the only count exceeding fifty
(50) in number) was eighty-five (85). At no time were any
fermenting organisms of any type found, in five (5) tests of each
sample, each 10 CC of water. The water from this well is of
a degree of purity which should be equalled by that from each of
the wells, and in fact, by water from reservoirs and taps. In
addition, the examination of other city wells, shown to be intact
as to casings and connections, and of water from six artesian
wells, the property of private parties, located in various parts
of Savannah, showed that the deep water is of a high degree of
t purity. The corollary is that, if the water in the reservoirs and
taps is shown to depart from this standard of purity in any
marked degree, it has, therefore, been changed by the entry of
some contaminating agent, probably surface water. This has
been demonstrated in numerous instances to a certainty, even to
the point of locating the holes through which the contaminating
surface water entered.
After a preliminary inspection of the waterworks plants, in
which inspection Dr. Ridlon, at the request of the Health Officer,
joined, the Bacteriologist undertook an investigation of the reservoir waters at each station, to determine the source of the
trouble. Fourteen (14) samples of water were secured from
Gwinnett Station Reservoir. The average bacterial content was
eleven (11) organisms per CC; the lowest count was three (3)
becteria per CC; the highest, thirty-seven (37) bacteria per CC.
Fermenting organisms of a harmless type were secured in seven
(7) of the specimens. Organisms of the colon type were secured
only twice, and not in excess of the number allowed by the rather
strict United States standard. Every sample secured at this
time passed the U. S. standard, and we concluded that the trouble
did not come from Gwinnett Station. It was necessary at a later
time, as will be shown, to modify this conclusion.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 527
On the contrary, of ten (10) samples taken at River Station
Reservoir, seven (7) failed to pass the U. S. standard. The
average number of bacteria was ninety-four (94); the highest,
three hundred and twenty-five (325). Three (3) of the samples
contained bacteria in excess of one hundred (100) per CC.
Seven (7) of the ten (10) samples contained fermenting organisms in excess, and five (5) of the samples contained colon bacilli,
in three (3) samples to excess. It was evident that the main
source of the contamination at that time was at River Station.
Inspection of River Station at that time showed the following: One well, No. 4, had been cut out in November, 1914, for
the reason that dirty water was observed to come from that well
in sufficient quantities to cause the water in the reservoir to be
visibly dirty. The well was cut out of use, but no investigation
was made by the water department to determine what was the
cause of dirty water appearing in the discharge from an artesian
well. Nor was any efficient effort made to determine whether
any other wells were similiarly affected. Inspection further
showed that the reservoir at River Station was uncovered and
open to the entrance of dust, dead animals, and vegetable debris,
which might be the source of some of the contamination found.
Four of the wells and their connections were located in a low
area covered with water and debris. The main conduit also ran
through this same low area. It was evident that if the connections were not intact, there was ample opportunity for the entrance of contaminated surface water.
Since the condition of Well No. 4, which had been cut out
on account of its delivery of dirty water in November, 1914,
would possibly throw light on additional sources of contamination
still active, a study of this well was made. It was determined
that there was a defect in the casing of this well by the following
evidence:
1. The well at times discharged dirty water. This in itself
was sufficient evidence of a defective casing. The well was
disconnected and its discharge studied. After a period of rest
the well would discharge, for a period of about 1 minute, clear
water; then for a period of from one to three minutes, a highly
528 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
turbid water would be discharged. After that period had passed,
the well would then discharge clean water, and this would continue as long as the well was continuously blown. Evidently
the dirty water came from water which had leaked into the space
between outer and inner casings, during a period of rest, through
a hole in the outer casing. Leakage could not occur during the
period of pumpage, because the air pressure in the well was
greater than the pressure of the ground water.
2. The top of the well was closed off and air pressure put
on the well. Air in quantities was observed to bubble up in the
dirty water around the outside of the well casing. This was also
sufficient evidence that there was a hole in the casing, since the
air pressure was not sufficient to drive air to the bottom of the
casing, and its escape on the outside of the casing was evidence
that there was a hole. The escape of air from alongside any
other well casing was likewise to be accepted as evidence of a
defective casing.
3. Bacteriological examination of the water discharge from
Well No. 4 also demonstrated the presence of a defect in the
casing. A sample taken from the first flow showed a bacterial
count of two thousand, three hundred (2,300); all five samples
(ten CC each) showed fermenting organisms of both putrefaction
and colon types; soil bacteria were also numerous. This was
indisputable evidence of leakage. A further test made after long
flow showed that leakage did not occur during pumpage, the count
being low and fermenting organisms being absent. This is
important in bearing on the methods of the examinations of the
wells, showing that examinations made with the wells connected,
and during continuous flow,, cannot certainly determine the presence of leaks.
4. A Fluorescein Test, was made on the well. Fluorescein
is a dye, the presence of which in water can be determined if
only one part is present in 200,000,000 parts of water. For that
reason it is useful in determining the presence of _leaks. One
pound of the dye was placed in the well pit, outside the casing.
In from eight to ten hours, traces of the dye appears in the well
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 529
water, and a few hours later the dye was present in quantities.
This was indisputable evidence of a leak in the casing.
5. On demand of the Health Officer, and against the protest of the Superintendent of the Waterworks Department, who
insisted that the well was all right, the City Engineer was ordered
to pull up the casing, and a hole about one inch in diameter was
found in the outer casing at a depth of about 40 feet below the
soil surface.
The knowledge secured by the study of Well No. 4 was
applied to the study of other wells at River Station, and to water
samples from conduit and reservoir.
Two hundred and sixty-four (264) samples of water were
examined from wells at River Station, ninety-five (95) samples
from conduit (including eight (8) special samples to determine
leakage into the conduit), and one hundred and eighty (180)
samples from the reservoir. The results of these examinations
and the accompanying inspections are detailed below.
WELL No. 23
This well was located in a low area and the well head
covered with dirty water. On shutting the valve and applying
the air pressure, air was observed to bubble up around the well
casing. As in the case of Well No. 4 above, this was good evidence of leakage. In addition, two samples of water were secured from this well; both samples contained over 100 bacteria
per CC (310 and 340 respectively), and fermenting organisms
were found in excess. Colon bacilli were present.
WELL No. 24
This well was located on a little higher ground, but its
discharge passed through a conduit passing through the low area.
Here again, as in Well No. 4, a test of the well, with valve closed
and air pressure on, showed leakage of air around the outside of
casing. This was indisputable evidence of a defect in the casing.
Two samples of water were examined from this well; one was
low in bacteria (57), the other very high (1,600). Both samples
contained fermenting organisms of the colon type in excess.
530 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
WELL No. 22
This well was also located in a low area and the well head
covered with water. The flange at the well top was defective and
water could be seen to flow from the outside through the defect
into the well. An open privy, with surface discharge, was located
a short distance from this well. A bacteriological analysis was
not needed to show contamination. A sample was tested, however, and the count found to be high (310); fermenting organisms were found in each of 5 Ten-CC Tests, and colon bacilli in
2 of 5 Ten-CC Tests. The condition of this well was a distinct
danger to the water supply.
WELL No. 21
This well was also located in a morass. There was no
physical evidence of defects and the water, as tested, was found
to be good. The well was condemned on account of its location.
These four wells and their connections were located in a
very undesirable location. There was certain evidence that they
leaked. On the recommendation of the Bacteriologist and on
demand of the Health Officer, and against the protests of the
Superintendent of the Waterworks Department, after much delay,
these wells and their connections were entirely cut out, and the
wells filled with concrete to the depth of 100 feet.
WELL No. 2
This well, located near the reservoir, was repeatedly examined. In all, fifty-five (55) samples of water were tested from
Well No. 2. At first, samples taken while the well was running
were usually very good. An occasional sample taken from the
first water over showed high counts. Finally the well was disconnected and it was discovered that after the first gush of clear
water, the well yielded turbid water for two or three minutes,
then came clear water. The same condition was observed in
Well No. 4, and taken as evidence of a leak. Finally the well
was examined and about 4 feet below the soil surface a defective
leaking flange was found. This was repaired. The water, as
tested after repair, continued to show high counts and occasional
MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT 531
fermenting organisms of colon type. A Fluorescein Test was
made, but without results. Finally, since the River Station water
was being treated with hypochlorite, this well was reconnected
and its water used. While the examination demonstrated one
defect, which was repaired, the tests were not at all conclusive
that other defects had been excluded. <
WELL No. 3
Thirty-eight (38) samples of water were examined from this
well. Conditions were found similar to those in Well No. 2.
At first occasional samples, especially the first water over, showed
high counts. Not much progress was made until the well was
disconnected. Then, as in Well No. 2, and also as in Well No' 4,
turbid water was secured after the first gush of clear water. A
defective flange was found just below the surface, through which
dirty surface water was leaking. This was so located that leakage
occurred only when the surface was flooded with water, as in
times of heavy rain. After the repair of the flange, the last six
samples of water tested were good, and the well was again put
into commission.
The remaining wells at River Station were tested as well as
possible with the facilities secured. Enough has been shown to
demonstrate that leaks can be detected only by a joint physical
examination of the well (which must be thoroughly done with
the well disconnected), and bacteriological examination. Eightysix (86) samples were examined from the other wells, and a few
small leaks at flanges discovered. Some of the wells were clearly
intact. The conditions of others remained doubtful. On account
of the fact that the water at the reservoir was being treated with
hypochlorite, the wells were continued in commission, despite
the fact that occasional high counts were secured and that fermenting organisms were discovered in samples from some of the
wells.
The presence of demonstrated defects, due to rusting in the
casings of at least three (3) of the wells, makes it possible that
other defects occur. Their demonstration by bacteriological
methods alone is impossible until the defects become large
532 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
enough to allow the entrance of considerable masses of surface
water. It must be remembered that such contaminated water
is diluted with large amounts of pure artesian water from the
deep strata. It is evident that a careful physical examination of
the wells is also necessary for the detection of defects. Such
examinations of all the wells have not yet been made, despite
the fact that the experts employed by the city to give advice concerning the waterworks have advised that such examinations be
made.
Attention was then turned to the conduit. A series of eight
(8) tests on conduit water and an examination of the conduit
showed that water was entering the conduit during periods of
rest from some unknown source. On recommendation of this
department and against the protests of the Superintendent of the
Waterworks Department, that part of the large conduit at River
Station which passes through the low area in which water collected, was cut out of use and abandoned, and the conduit plugged
just south of Well No. 7.
A study of conduit water was continued. It had early been
noticed that, owing to the intermittent method of pumping at
River Station, the impurities came over in the first water pumped
after a period of rest. Samples from the conduit taken during
a period of active pumping were often pure, while at the same
time samples taken from reservoir and taps failed to pass the
standard. A study of conduit water was therefore made to determine the difference between the "first water over" and water
taken during long periods of pumping. Thirty-four (34) samples
of "first water over" were taken from the end of the conduit.
The average bacterial content of these samples was three hundred and forty-nine (349) bacteria per CC. Of the thirty-four
(34) samples, twenty-five (25) contained bacteria in excess of
100 per CC. In fifteen (15) samples fermenting organisms were
present in excess. On two occasions, colon bacilli in excess were
isolated. Over two-thirds of the samples failed to pass the
standard of the United States Public Health Service. Compare
the results for water taken from the conduit after periods of
pumping. Sixty-one (61) samples were so taken. The average
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 533
bacterial count of these samples was fifty-five (55). Only eight
(8) samples had a count in excess of 100 per CC. In eleven
(II) instances fermenting organisms were found in excess; in
two (2) samples colon bacilli were found in excess. Over fourfifths of the samples passed the strict standard of the U. S.
Public Health Service.
The conclusions to be derived from the study of conduit
water were that leaks existed in the conduit or its connections;
that such leaks were not active during the period of pumping,
owing to the fact that the pressure in the conduit was greater
than the pressure of the ground water (the conduit is near the
surface); but that leakage occurred during the periods of rest.
On the recommendation of this department and against the
protests of the Superintendent of the Waterworks Department,
an examination of the conduits and its laterals was ordered. The
conduits and a part of the laterals were uncovered and a total
number of eight (8) leaks was discovered. Most of these leaks
were small, but some of them were large enough to allow the
entrance of a steady stream of water the size of a pencil.
Continued tests of the reservoir water showed that the
bacterial counts were high and that colon bacilli appeared,in the
water. On the recommendation of this department, a recommendation which was concurred in by Dr. Ridlon of the U. S. Public
Health Sfirvice, the water at River Station was treated, on and
after June 9, 1915, with calcium hypochlorite, in order to remove
any residual impurities. This method of purification is in wide
use in the United States; over 200 cities purify water with hypochlorite or with chlorine. The process is entirely harmless.
The chemical is entirely decomposed and the main product is a
chloride, similar to the chlorides already present in the water.
Since the chemical is added in the proportion of about one to
two parts to each million parts of water, and since the water
contains already about 200 parts of solids (minerals) per million
parts of water, it is evident that very little additional mineral is
added. The only objection to the process is that occasionally
some unavoidable by-products (which are also harmless) impart
a disagreeable taste and odor to the water.
534 MAYOR'S AXKUAL REPORT
The addition of the hypochlorite was controlled by chemical
tests of the salt and of the stock and feed solutions. One hundred and sixty-four (164) tests of such kind were made during
the year.
During the remainder of the year a study was made of untreated water from the reservoir or conduit, and of treated water
at River Station. During the first ten days the results were not
good, since we did not have a stock of hypochlorite of high
chlorine content. The tests after that period resulted as follows:
Of untreated water at River Station reservoir, seventy-five
(75) specimens were examined. The average bacterial count
was one hundred and ten (110) bacteria per CC. Twenty-seven
(27) specimens, or 36%, had counts in excess of 100 per CC,
the U. S. standard. In eighteen (18) specimens, fermenting
organisms were found in excess (presumptive colon tests); in
four (4) specimens, colon bacilli were found in excess, but not
all the specimens showing presumptive tests were completely
examined for the identification of the fermenting organisms.
Of treated water, seventy-seven (77) samples were tested.
The average bacterial count was ninety-two (92), or below the
standard; twenty-four (24) specimens, or 35%, had counts in
excess of 100 bacteria per CC. Presumptive colon tests were
secured sixteen (16) times; colon bacilli were found in excess
in five (5) samples, all fermenting organisms being tested out.
The results are not so satisfactory as they should have been,
though the treatment undoubtedly aided in safe-guarding the
supply. The failure to the best results with hypochlorite treatment is due partly to the fact that it was found difficult, with the
apparatus available, to secure an even feeding of the hypochlorite solution. The immediate control of the process was in the
hands of the engineers, who, though competent men, had other
more important duties to perform. Finally, there is abundant
evidence that the leakage was not continuous, and therefore, with
difficulty was controlled by a minimum hypochlorite feed. The
first few thousand gallons pumped in the morning, after a night's
interval of rest, undoubtedly contained the larger part of the
leakage. There was also evidence that leakage occurred also to
MAYOR'S ANXUAL REPORT 533
a greater degree immediately after rains. On this account the
use of hypochlorite has not been entirely satisfactory, and it was
recommended that a liquid chlorine apparatus be installed (which
has been done during the year 1916).
It should have been stated in the beginning that one of the
possible sources of contamination of the artesian water at River
Station was the entrance of water from the Savannah River
through the old supply main to the river. This was examined in
February and at several times during the year. The valves were
found to be closed and the main empty and dry. "It is probable
that water could not be pumped through this supply pipe, even
if desired, without some preliminary work in clearing the inlet.
It has, therefore, not been a source of leakage.
Another possible source of leakage of river water into the
supply is through check valves placed between the mains running
from River Station and the supply pipes of several industrial
companies which have supplies of both city and river water. The
danger from this source was pointed out by Prof. Whipple.
These valves were investigated by the City Engineer, who has
made a report on their condition. In my opinion, the bacteriological examinations do not show any reason to believe that there
has been any considerable leakage through these valves. Additional safeguards should be secured against the possibility of
contamination of the city water in this way, by requiring double
valves. Some city official should be charged with the duty of
frequent and systematic examination of these valves.
In the first part of this report it was stated that the examination of the supply at Gwinnett Station failed to show any
evidence of contamination of the water at that station. The conditions were somewhat different from those at River Station.
At Gwinnett Station a large amount of water is pumped, from
six to ten times the amount pumped at River Station. Pumpage
is constant, and any leakage is diluted with a very large amount
of pure water, making the detection of small leaks difficult. By
the same reasoning, the dilution of the leakage would render it
relatively unimportant as affecting the quality of the supply.
536 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
Tests were continued, and during March, April, and May,
samples were taken occasionally. The bacterial counts were
uniformly low, but fermenting organisms were found, and occasionally, colon bacilli, though usually not in excess. Since the
artesian supply should not contain these organisms, a search
was made for their point of entrance. On the 21st of May,
Dr. Ridlon, at my request, took duplicate samples from the Gwinnett Station reservoir, and our findings were identical, a water of
low bacterial count and entirely free from fermenting organisms.
Despite this finding, a further series of tests showed that leaks
existed, and that during periods of rain and consequent flooding
of the surface, contaminated water entered the supply.
The outlet of the Springfield well, the oldest well at Gwinnett
Station, is separate from that of the other twelve (12) wells.
On that account it was easy to test the water from this well
separately. Five (5) samples of water from the outlet of this
well were examined in February. The average bacterial count
of these samples was seventy-five (75) bacteria per CC. One
sample had a count in excess of 100 bacteria per CC. Colon
bacilli in excess were found in two (2) specimens. This was
considered evidence of leakage. An examination of the outlet
showed that the roots of trees were hanging out of the end of
the pipe. It was stated that this had been observed for some
time, and that occasionally large masses of roots had been pulled
out of the opening. No responsible person connected with the
water department seems to have perceived that this was evidence
of a hole in the outlet pipe. The pipe was uncovered and it was
found that that part of the discharge pipe passing from the well
to the Springfield canal was of iron with leaded joints, but that
the remaining portion of the discharge pipe was of terra cotta,
and that the joints of this last portion had been penetrated by
the growing roots of trees, leaving defects through which surface
water was at times entering. The defective piping was replaced
with iron pipe with leaded joints. After the repair of the discharge pipe, seven (7) samples of water were examined and
all but one passed the test. The average bacterial count was
thirty-six (36) organisms (all saprophytic water bacteria) per
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 537
CC. Colon organisms were not found in any of the specimens
and the water was declared of good quality.
A continued study was made of the water from the Gwinnett Station reservoir. During June, July, and August, forty-six
(46) samples were examined. The average bacterial count was
twenty-one (21) bacteria per CC. In one specimen only, the
count exceeded the limit of 100 bacteria per CC, Fermenting
organisms in excess were found in fifteen (15) specimens (presumptive test). In three (3) specimens colon bacilli were found
in excess, not all the fermenting organisms being identified.
Judging from these average figures the water could not be condemned as bad, and in fact many of the samples showed a very
low count, and an entire absence of any fermenting organisms.
The almost continual presence, during the latter part of August,
of fermenting organisms of the colon type, despite the low
bacterial counts, justified us in the conclusion that at times
surface water was entering the supply through defects in the
equipment. A search for such defects showed that during times
of rain, when the surface of the ground was flooded, surface
water could enter through defective man-hole covers and through
defective pipes for release of the compressed air from the tunnel.
During August, on four days, the 8th, llth, 18th and 31st,
respectively, the rainfall was in excess of one inch, and the
entire amount for the month was 9.44 inches. The Superintendent of the Waterworks denied the presence of such defects, but
an investigation was ordered by the Acting Mayor, and the Assistant City Engineer reported the presence of such defects, and
gave the opinion that in time- of heavy rain leakage occurred.
The pipe for discharge of air from Well No. 12 at Gwlnnert
Station was found to discharge under the pavement at the corner
of the Louisville Road and Lathrop Avenue, and at times of
rainfall the air could be seen bubbling up through the spaces
between the bricks, and dirty water trickling down. After some
delay these defects were repaired.
The constant presence of colon bacilli in the water of the
Gwinnett Station reservoir during the period following August
20th, for several days justified the conclusion that other defects
538 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
existed. An inspection of the Gwinnett Station tunnel was
ordered, and on three occasions in August and September, the
tunnel was entered by the City Engineer, the Health Officer, the
Bacteriologist and others, and the defects located. A special
report has been made on these inspections. Suffice it here to
state, as showing the source of the contamination found in the
analyses reported, that the following defects were found: Several small leaks, about ten in number, were located. These are
probably of little importance. A long crack in the roof extended
along in the neighborhood of Wells Nos. 2 and 3. In the low
area on Stiles Avenue, just beyond Well No. 7, a large crack
was found in the roof of the tunnel sufficient to admit one's
hand. Surface water was entering or conduit water passing out
through this defect, depending on the position selected for observation, and on the level of the surface water. This part of the
tunnel was afterwards isolated by the installation of a by-pass.
These defects accounted for the contamination noted, in part at
least.
On account of the conditions found it was recommended, to
avoid any possibility of harm resulting, that that water at Gwinnett Station likewise be treated with hypochlorite. The treatment
was begun on the 23rd of August, and on the 19th of December
liquid chlorine was substituted for the hypochlorite. As will be
seen, this treatment rendered the water entirely safe.
From the 1st of September to the end of the year, one
hundred and nine (109) samples of untreated water from Gwinnett Station reservoir were examined. The average bacterial
count was fourteen (14) bacteria per CC. In fourteen (14) of
the samples the count was in excess of 100 bacteria per CC.
Fermenting organisms in excess were found in forty-two (42)
samples. Colon bacilli in excess were found in twenty-eight (28)
samples, practically all of the fermenting organisms being identified. Water of this character, while not so very bad, should not
be used without treatment.
During the same period thirty-four (34) samples of water,
treated with hypochlorite (or with chlorine gas), were taken from
the pump well at Gwinnett Station. The results show that the
.MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT 539
treatment had been entirely satisfactory. The average bacterial
count was six (6) bacteria only. The highest count observed
was thirty-two (32) bacteria per CC. None of the samples exceeded the standard of 100 bacteria per CC. Fermenting organisms in excess were found in three samples only (Presumptive
test); and colon bacilli in excess were found in not a single specimen. Seventeen (17) samples of treated water were also taken
from a tap in Gwinnett Station. The results were equally as
good as regards the colon content, not, a single specimen containing colon bacilli in excess. These results are interpreted as
demonstrating that the conditions at Gwinnett Station are temporarily under entire control, subject to the final decision as to
the changes necessary in the Gwinnett Station tunnel.
During the investigation of the conditions at Gwinnett
Station sixty-three (63) samples of water were taken from
various points in conduit and well pits, and the information
gained was of substantial value in locating the leakage.
During the whole investigation, as at River Station, the
influence of rainfall was noted, in that leakage was noted as
occurring during periods of heavy rainfall. One instance is given
for illustration: After a rainfall of 1.43 inches on the 18th of
November, the samples from Gwinnett Station reservoir showed
a bacterial count of three hundred and eighty (380) bacteria per
CC, and colon bacilli were found in each of five Ten-CC tests.
The investigation of tap water in the city was continued
during the year. It was early noted that water samples from taps
in the vicinity of Bay Street gave a higher bacterial count than
water from taps in the southern part of the city. While the
mains from the two water stations communicate in the city, that
part of the city north of Liberty Street is mainly served by water
from River Station, while that part of the city south of Liberty
Street is mainly served by water from Gwinnett Station. On this
account the specimens from these two areas are reported separately.
One hundred and sixty-six (166) specimens were taken from
taps north of Liberty Street. The average bacterial count was
two hundred (200) bacteria per CC. In one hundred and three
540 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
(103) specimens the count exceeded the standard of one hundred (100) bacteria per CC. In seventy (70) samples fermenting organisms were found in excess. In twenty (20) samples
colon bacilli were found in excess.
Fifty-seven (57) specimens were examined from taps south
of Liberty Street. The average bacterial count was seventy-two
(72) bacteria per CC. Only nine (9) specimens contained bacteria in excess of one hundred (100) bacteria per CC. Fermenting organisms of colon type were found in twenty-eight (28)
specimens, and colon bacilli were found in excess in nine (9)
specimens.
The methods of analysis recommended by the American
Public Health Association were used. Counts were made on
slightly acid agar-agar medium, after two days incubation at 37
degrees Centrigrade. Presumptive colon tests were made in 2%
lactose bouillon. Colon bacilli were identified by subculture on
Wurtz's medium and on Endo medium. One hundred and fifteen
(115) subcultures of fermenting organisms were studied in
detail. Occasionally organisms of the proteus group were
isolated. In seventeen (17) samples, organisms identified as
Bacillus pyocyaneus were isolated. No other pathogenic organisms were found.
Dr. John R. Ridlon, of the United States Public Health Service, on repeated occasions confirmed, at my request, many of
the findings reported. The experts brought to the city, at
the request of the Bacteriologist and on recommendation of the
Health Officer, for the confirmation of these findings, have fully
justified our conclusions as to the character and sources of the
contamination. The special reports of Messrs. Stevenson and
Dole, and of Prof. Whipple, are already in your hands.
Your Bacteriologist regrets that he must consider it his duty
to report that the detection of the sources of contamination have
been delayed by the lack of co-operation on the part of the Superintendent of the Waterworks Department.
CONCLUSIONS
1. The deep water of our artesian supply is of a high
degree of purity.
MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT 541
2. If the equipment at the water station, from the strata
to the pumps had been maintained in good condition, the water
at the taps would always have been of good quality.
3. The supply of water has been contaminated to a certain
extent, through defects in equipment. Some of these defects
were apparent to the most casual observer. Other defects would
not have escaped a careful periodic inspection.
4. As to the extent of ,the contamination, it was sufficient
at one time to disqualify our supply for use by interstate carriers,,
and to render it necessary to purify the supply by the use of
hypochlorite, in order to insure its use by interstate carriers.
Judging by the bacteriological analyses, your Bacteriologist has
never considered the untreated water a source of great danger,
but he has considered that its use, without treatment, was inadvisable. It is a matter of congratulation that no increase in
sickness has resulted from its use. The really serious matter for
consideration is that defects, some of large size, were found to
exist in the casings of some of-our wells and in parts of the
conduits.
5. It is recommended that, until the water equipment can
be rehabilitated as recommended by Messrs. Stevenson and Dole,
and by Prof. Whipple, the water at both stations be treated continuously with hypochlorite (or chlorine gas), and that some
competent person, if necessary without other duties, be made
responsible for continuous effective treatment.
6. Finally, it is recommended that some city official be
held responsible for the condition of the water equipment from
wells to pumps. From the standpoint of public health this is far
more important than the conditions of the service pipes.
INVENTORY
An inventory of apparatus, furniture, supplies and books is
made yearly, and entered on a card index, a copy being transmitted to the Chairman of the Health Committee. The inventory
taken January 1, 1915 shows the following items and amounts:
Office and Laboratory furniture and fixtures_$ 3,591.60
Microscopes and accessories_________ 1,215.10
542 MAYOR'S AXN'UAL REPORT
Optical equipmentother than microscopes_$ 1,600.90
Apparatus and supplies____________ 2,681.09
Chemicals and stains_____________ 285.04
Glassware _______________"___ 927.70
Library ____________________ 2,939.59
Exhibits ____________________ 174.13
Total ___________:________$13,4I5.15
FINANCIAL STATEMENT
The budget for the year was seven thousand, five hundred
dollars ($7,500). The expenditures were as follows:
Outfits for specimens______________$ 58.31
Printing ____________________ 80.90
Chemicals and glassware__________ 431.15
Gas ________________________ 175.68
Laundry _________-________________ 16.84
Stamps (not including mailing yearly reports) 60.00
Stationery ____________________ 42.03
Animals _____________________ 1.00
Fixed equipmentapparatus _________ 428.55
Ice ________________________ 53.92
Telephone ____________________ 70.00
Miscellaneous expenses.___________ 131.50
Library _____________________ 499.44
Salaries _____________________ 5,845.83
Total expenses ______________$7,895.15
The excess of expenditures over the budget was due to the
expenses of the extensive examination of water supplies.
In conclusion, the Bacteriologist wishes to express his obligations to the Health Officer, to the members of the Board of
Sanitary Commissioners, and to his Assistants.
Respectfully,
V. H. BASSETT, M. D.,
Bacteriologist.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 543
REPORT OF CHIEF FOOD INSPECTOR
Savannah, Ga., January 1, 1916.
DR. W. F. BRUNNER, Health Officer,
DEAR SIR:
Your Chief Food Inspector herewith respectfully submits his
report of the Food Inspection Division for the year 1915.
. As a whole the work has progressed favorably, considerable
improvement having taken place during the year not only in the
places dispensing foods, but in the foods themselves.
RESTAURANTS
The restaurants, cook shops, etc., have been inspected once
or twice a week in addition to the monthly scoring of the larger
restaurants.
The score card system inaugurated during the latter months
of last year has continued to give very satisfactory results and has
been a great help in maintaining the restaurants in good sanitary
condition and causing old restaurants to be remodeled and new
ones built with the idea of better sanitation and a correspondingly
higher score.
A number of inquiries have been received and much favorable comment has been made from other cities in regard to the
scoring system.
A change has been made in the scorecard during the year,
as it was noted that the restaurants could obtain a rather high
score by keeping their dining rooms clean and being careless in
the kitchen. The change of giving a higher score in the kitchen
resulted naturally in cleaner kitchens.
The following table gives the scores and averages for the
year:
544 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
RESTAURANT SCORES
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Baltimore Restaurant ____ 1747472
B. & B. Rest., Broughton St..79l80'S2
B. & B. Rest., W. Broad St.__!83!85!86
Bryan's Cafe __ _! - I
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81 79I83180
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88
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88
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767
80.6
84.2
79.6
Capitol Restaurant _____,!86'85;85i89;89!89i89I88i83!8S|86f88! 86.8 Eliopolos'_Restaurant -_---|7S|82;84[86j85i85i87|82|79Jg[79;83[ 82.5 Clayton's Restaurant (Col.)--l78757678l80'81i79|7976J7576!77
Colbert's Restaurant <CoI.)-.!7272|76!79;86!78!75}-7S[74|75[74|75
77.5
75.9 Collins Hotel & Restaurant__[94:95l95;94'94;94l93|92;90192i93|93l 93.2 Commercial Restaurant ___IIiL_[__|88l85i86l87i86l8S: c.l 86.1 The Cookery _________192:91191192! c.|f_-|!III 91.5
De Soto Hotel & RestaurantJ94:95 ; 93!93'93l93i91i89;90!90i9i:921 92.0 Dow Ham Chop Suey Rest._-!757276|78l c.'__|~!~!~l~l-JI 74.6 Geiger Hotel & Restaurant.-i94'9S ; 95'95 : 95': 94l 92I92i93:92193!92l 93.5 Georgia Restaurant _____!87: 87:86! c.!__j__L-L_L-l1__|__| 86.6 Georgia Dining Parlor (Col.)!76t c. 1 __l-.i..i..|._LJ--|__L_i__| 76.0 Greek Cafe __________|82i82: 81!83'86!86!83;83l82l83i82I84! 83.0 Greek American Cafe ___I73!7573l77!83i77l75!74!7476|77l80l 77.1 Harris' Restaurant (Col.)__I747577!80!80!80i79l__l79!78!81!82l 78.6 Hick's Hotel & Restaurant_!96!96196!96'95l94!$l3l92!91l9l! RL.I 94.0
F. M. Hueye Chop Suey___I81i82:82!82!80|c.l._ll-l__L-i._l 81.4 Italian Restaurant ______177174'c.!._l__l_.l_-!--1-l__!i._! 75.5 Italian Restaurant ______\..].Jt ..\..\90'.93\9l\92\92\c.\.J.J 91.6 Klein the Chef___'_____I94'94'93:95:95i95l 93!93!91l90190!901 92.7 Lamas' Restaurant ______!77!731c.L_!__L_|__lI_J_-!_J__I 75.0 Liberia Lunch Room ____l7473i73L_l80!76:74l76lc.L.I_.L.! 75.1 Liberty Restaurant _-_--_J_-L_L_L_!_J91l90:90l90l90l90:9l! 90.2 Manhattan Restaurant ___l87:89'90'9i:88: __L|*92l90l 91l92i9II 90.1 New Manhattan RestaurantIIIILJ_J__I II1931951 94.0 National Restaurant _____i84! 89'84!90i92:92!90'90[9i:92l92i92[ 89.2 Olympia Restaurant _____I89'90!91i92i91193191 !90I90I92I92I92! 91.0 Pekin Restaurant (Col.) __LJ-_L-L-L_LJ86I84'84I81I84'851 84.0 Peter's Restaurant ______I86t88'87!89l88!89188!87i80'80[79!88l 85.7
Pulaski Hotel & Restaurant I I ! I i I I I I I ! I !
(Peoples) ________[_J85I87:88I88I87I82'82I82!80I82!84! 84.2 Plaza Restaurant _______!_J__!__L_L_l__l._!-i-l194193! 93.5 Queen City Lunch Room__!78751 88!88 I 87!89!85; 84I82!83!82!83! 83.6 Raderick's Restaurant ___191 1 90I88I 90'90!90!89!90I90189!90!89I 89.6 Railway Lunch Room ___ISO'SII c.l!__l__l__l__IIIII 80.5 Rosenhagen's Lunch Room__l87;86'89!90!89l86!85l85!86!85I87!86l 86.7 Savannah Hotel & Restaurant'95:95!95!95194'94l93l94!94!94!94!93! 94.1
Silver Moon Restaurant ___I82!81I83'86I86I86!85!83I83!82!84I83I 83.6 Southern Restaurant _____!87'85r 8Sl 84!88r87!8Slc.l__L-!..L_ 85.8 Star Restaurant _______!87'89I88I90I90:90I90I89!85I87I88I89 88.5 Subway Lunch Room ____!777978l 82l82180I80Ic.!.i*7l!69l76l 77.4 Tom's Chop Suey Restaurant'8l!82!82[84!82180W8l!8QI81178l80l 81.0
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 545
RESTAURANT SCORESContinued
Xi*
a
c
a"->
February
Union Station Restaurant _ 196195
The Place to Eat (Whittle's)
White's Cafe _ _ ______
Chop Suey (Charles Young) _
Young's Restaurant (Col.) __
Zuch's Restaurant _ _
Zuch's Lunch Room _
Average _ ___ __
89
7>
90
91
89
82
90
91
1
"u
u
rt 1% c.
<
95196
8184
90190
81182
|
li
! >>
! 03
r*k
96
86
89
83
|
u
>~t
i \>t
>^>
95194
84183
90188
80179
I
to
<
93
c.
89
c.
t.
o
.e
i SJ
SJ
IK
October
1November 1December
92193193193
90 90190192
1
82179
92|90!90'|89!90 90191 J9ol90
<u .60
^ a
t~ i*
<U
0 >
X
94.2
83.6
89.6
83.6
80.5
75.0
90.0
90.4
84.8
Note.c. Closed.
Col. Colored.
* Changed hands.
R Remodelling.
BAKERIES
The inspections of the bakeries have been made two or three
times a month and these have been maintained in a generally
satisfactory condition.
MEAT INSPECTION
Since the appointment of a more competent meat inspector
there has been a noticeable improvement in the meat supply of
the city.
No attempt has been made to concentrate the supply to any
one point for inspection, stamping, etc., principally because of
the lack of proper cold storage facilities. Under existing conditions it has seemed more practicable to devote the time which
such inspection would take to the inspection of the meat at the
green groceries, cold storage establishments, etc.
While the former method has not been given a trial the
latter method has been giving good results as is shown by the
general improvement of the meat kept on hand by the dealers.
546 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
GREEN GROCERIES
Considerable improvement has been made in the green
groceries during the past year, but it is to be regretted that this
improvement has not been greater.
The green groceries present problems not met with in other
food establishments, these are more often than not run as a side
line to one or two other lines of business and are apt to be
slighted as a result. Many of these places are necessarily run in
the poorer sections of the city, where cleanliness is not easily
maintained and where it is not considered imperative either by
the proprietors or the patrons. Another factor peculiar to these
places is that small capital is required for the purchase of stock
and the fixtures are often made by unskilled labor and the natural
result is that while they are not necessarily insanitary they are
crude and unsightly.
The inspections of the green groceries in these poorer sections have been made at frequent intervals and have resulted in
considerable improvement not only in the places themselves but
in the meat handled; the idea has been dissipated that meats not
fit for the white trade may be sold to the negro.
FISH HOUSES
The inspections of the fish houses, more especially those
doing a retail business, have been made at very frequent intervals. These have been maintained in good sanitary condition
and have been made to put up screens during the year. The fish
kept during the year have been unusually good, due to the reduction in the size of the stock kept, partly because of the more rigid
inspection and in part to the scarcity of fish from the fisheries
in Florida.
SLAUGHTER PENS
' The inspections of the slaughter pens used by the local
butchers have been made at irregular intervals and have been
found to be in good sanitary condition when compared with most
country slaughter pens.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 547
BOTTLING ESTABLISHMENTS
The work of inspecting the bottling establishments of the
city has been limited to considerable consistent work in the
spring, when these places were preparing for the busy season.
At that time these places were put in good sanitary condition and
since that time only occasional inspections have been made.
TABLE OF INSPECTIONS
MONTH
January ____
February ___
March
April _ _
May _ _
June _ __ _
July _______
August _ _
September _
October ____
November _
December _
Total ' __
Green
Groceries
650
623
R7?
545
701
634
372
703
716
714
635
769
7,789
Restaurants
355
439
48fi
31?,
36S
295
453
363
319
325
365
440
4,527
W
O
1- &a
m
53
26
7!0
41
38
3?
83
62
19
37
82
85
578
W
O
(A
-c a o
ffi
106
103
m
p>?,
55
64
73
83
84
64
61
38

889
*-
4>
M ^rt
CS
8
9
13
4
11
5
10
14
16
17
21
7
135
CJ ho
eg
"5 2 Oc
45
58
80
30
?4
14
3?
44
40
35
27
32
461
iV
n2 ro ^j
55 P-t
3
4
3
3
3
4
.._-
1
3
1
23
Special and Miscellaneous
19
12
10
3
?,
?,
6
9
5
12
80
"
fe*
o
HH
1,239
1,283
1,380
1,000
1,203
1,104
1 0?Q
1,281
1,204
1,200
1,192
1,383
14,482
548 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
CONDEMNATIONS 1915
MONTH
January _ _ _
February _ _
March ___ _
April __ _ _
May _ _
June _
July
August __
September _ _
October __
November _
December _ _
Total _ _
K
75
602!
393
510
1,616
952
997 i
1,632
400!
498
90
7,765
o
fc
103
81
23
87
33
15
52
120
110
a
V
e
o
1
34 10
j
138
60
45
525
180
_ i
624! 172 820
ellaneous Products t
gS
160
71
195
35
329
155
284
280
197
69
188
1.964
X
o
192
15
120
327
cj
JZ

350
100
600
50
75
rt ._
wi ^
set:
1 cs.
34

1.175! _
TUBERCULIN TEST ON DAIRY HERDS
The work of testing the dairy cows for tuberculosis was
commenced in April and continued until well into July, when it
became absolutely necessary to discontinue it on account of the
heat and flies causing the pre-injection temperatures to be high
and making it necessary to leave many animals out of the test as
well as causing the temperatures of many others to give a suspicious reaction after the injection of tuberculin. It will be noted
in the following table that the percentage of suspicious cases
is large. The' animals considered suspicious were those whose
temperatures showed an increase after the injection of tuberculin, but not to a sufficient extent to warrant condemnation of
those whose temperatures rose 2 degrees Fahrenheit but did not
show a curve typical of the tuberculin reaction. Some of these
suspicious cases will upon re-test give a reaction while others in
all probability will fail to react.
THE FOLLOWING TABLE SHOWS THE RESULTS of TUBERCULIN TESTS on DAIRY HERDS:
No.
1
?,
3
4
5
fi
7
8
ft
10
11
12
NAME
Vale Royal Dairy __
F. M. Butner __ _
Rvalc Fctatp
J. P. Brown _
J. S. Wansley ______
R. J. Knight __ _
W. W. Wicoff __ _
J. H. Meyers __ ____
J. W. Jennings _ __ _
Springfield Dairy _ _
0. K. Dairy ___ _
E. M. Mood ________
DATE
April 4, 5, 6, 7 _ __ . _____ _
April 15, 16, 19, 20 ____ _
April 22, 23, 29, 30 _ __ __ _
May 6, 7 _ __ __ __
June 24, 25, 28, 29 ____ _ __
July 1,2,6,7__ _____ _ _
July 8, 9, 12, 13__ _____._________
July 20, 21___ ___ _____________
July 23, 24, 25, 26 ___ __ ______
December 2, 3, 7, 8 ______________
December 14, 15, 16, 17 ___ _ _
December 21, 22 _ _ ___
Total _ _______
H.
57
75
104
52
60
25
63
41
54
52
68
37
688
R.
31
11
00
1
CO
24
5
1
2
00
3
3
81
S.
28
10
5
1
2
7
3
1
4
00
1
3
65
Total
116
96
109
54
62
56
71
43
60
52
72
43
834
%H.
49.1
78.1
95.4
96.2
96.8
44.6
88.8
95.4
90.0
100.0
94.4
86.0
82.5
%R.
26.7
11.4
00.0
1.8
00.0
42.8
7.0
2.3
3.3
00.0
4.2
7.0
9.7
%s.
24.1
10.4
4.6
1.8
3.2
12.6
4, o
2.3
6.7
00.0
1.4
7.0
7.8
550 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
The work started with the largest dairy and has continued by
testing the next largest in their regular order.
12 dairies have been tested to date, the total number of
animals being 834, of which 81 reacted to the test; 65 were suspicious and the 688 remaining were tagged as healthy.
It will be noted in the table above that most of the reactions
were found in three of the herds; namely, No. I, No. 2, and
No. 6. It is also interesting to note that in herd No. 11 the only
reactions found (3) were animals from herd No. 2, which animals
had not been tested because of high pre-injection temperatures
or advanced stage of pregnancy. In herd No. 7 were found 5
reactions, 4 of which had been kept for some time with herd
No. 6 and in herd No. 9; 1 of the 2 reactions had also been kept -
with herd No. 6 for some time.
A rather peculiar situation noted in the results of this work
was that the two herds showing the largest percentages of disease
were the only herds which had the tuberculin test applied previous, and that made by me. Herd No. 1 having had a private
test made a few months previous to the one made by this department. Only a few reacters were found according to the
manager, these it was claimed were disposed of, a considerable
number were suspicious it was claimed and these were isolated
in a separate part of the bam during milking time when the cows
were stabled.
On the test made by tflis department all but one of the previously suspected cases gave a typical reaction as well as some
of the others which were said not to have reacted at the previous
test.
Herd No. 6 had been given a private test at some previous
time and only a few reactions were said to have been found.
When the official test was made, however, the herd had a very
high percentage of reactors.
The assumption would be that the spread of tuberculosis in
the herds was very rapid, but it is much more likely that there
was an error in the interpretation of the results of the private
tests, if the statement made by the manager of herd No. 1 as to
the method of this interpretation was accurate. The fact that
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 551
such a large percentage of the previously suspected cases gave a
typical reaction would also lead to this supposition.
It is rather difficult to explain why 2 out of 12 dairies should
contain over 65% of the tuberculous animals without more
knowledge of the past history of these herds, but the assumption
would be that in purchasing cows indiscriminately as they have,
tuberculous animals have been admitted to the herd and during
the time that the herds have been together the disease has gradually spread.
Excluding the 2 dairies showing the largest amount of tuberculosis the percentage is rather low and would lead to the belief
that tuberculosis is not only relatively rare, but that it spreads
very slowly as, with the two exceptions mentioned above, none
of the herds have ever been tested and the disease has had an
opportunity to spread for years.
When it is considered that in 10 of the dairies tested, containing 662 animals, we had only 26 reactors or 3.9% and that
no especial precaution has been taken either to prevent the entrance or to eliminate the presence of tuberculosis, it is evident
that the disease spreads very slowly. This, however, is what
would be expected where the animals are kept out of doors practically all the time, being stabled only for milking.
One unpleasant coincident indirectly connected with this
work was an outbreak of hemorrhagic septicemia at one of the
dairies.
Three animals in more or less advanced stages of pregnancy
were taken sick six days after the test was finished and one of
them died.
An autopsy on this animal showed nothing definite nor did
the symptoms of the others.
The natural assumption by the owners was that the test was
responsible, but this was not considered at all likely as the test
was made as it had been in several hundred cases before with
no such result and owing to the method of preparation of the
tuberculin there was practically no chance for its contamination.
A few days later another animal died and two more were
sick, one of which had not been tested. The autopsy on this
552 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
animal made by Dr. Jasme and myself revealed lesions of hemorrhagic septicemia in its pectoral form and the symptoms of the
sick animals were more or less characteristic so that a clinical
diagnosis of hemorrhagic septicemia was made and the heart was
brought to the laboratory where Dr. Bassett recovered the organism of the disease from the heart blood, thus verifying the diagnosis.
About thirty dairies remain to be tested and the work of
testing these will be carried on as rapidly as is possible. It is.
hoped that these may be finished before the warm weather makes
it necessary to stop.
Judging from the results of the tests made on the twelve
largest dairies it should be a comparatively easy matter to eliminate tuberculosis from the dairy herds. With .the exception of
herds No. 1 and No. 6 the number of animals now diseased is
small and the possibility of the spread of the disease is comparatively slight. With the slaughter of the diseased animals it is
hoped few reactors will be found on the next test.
The complete elimination of the disease from herds No. 1
and No. 6 will take a longer time owing to the larger number of
diseased animals and the corresponding greater opportunity for
the distribution of the disease.
Since the testing for tuberculosis has started there has been
a disposition on the part of the dairymen to buy cows which have
been tested for tuberculosis. In but one case have these tests
been made by the State authorities, and I have recognized no
cows as having been tested unless tagged with the official tag
used by the State. In all cases, however, where cows have been
tested before being brought in from the other herds in the state
no cases of tuberculosis have been found.
Very respectfully,
D. C. GILLES, D. V. M.,
Chief Food Inspector.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 553
REPORT OF CITY PHYSICIANS
EASTERN DISTRICT
Savannah, Ga., January 1, 1916.
HON. W. J. PIERPONT, Mayor,
City of Savannah, Ga.
DEAR SIR:
I beg to present herewith my Report as City Physician for
the Eastern District of the City of Savannah, for the year ending
December 31, 1915:
O.C. H.V. P.T. C.H. G.I.
January ____ 204 145 276 14 13
February ___ 168 159 268 5 10
March _____ 159 177 299 4 20
April ______ 260 207 417 17 18 '!
May ______ 242 118 321 18 19
June ______ 173 115 247 7 14
July ____-_ 233 176 347 15 29
August _____ 235 125 339 16 17
September __ 232 129 323 13 24
October ____ 395 201 517 9 22
November __ 209 151 330 13 12
December __ 190 163 317 7 9
Total ____ 2,700 1,866 4,001 138 207
Respectfully submitted,
C. C. MIDDLETON, M. D.,
City Physician (Colored) Eastern District.
554 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
NORTHERN DISTRICT
Savannah, Ga:, January 1st, 1916.
HON. W. J. PIERPONT, Mayor,
City of Savannah.
SIR:
I herewith submit my Annual Report as City Physician of
the Northern District for the year 1915:
Number of Patients Treated __________ 2,609
Number of House Visits ____________ 2,905*
Number of Office Calls ___________.__ 1,349
Number of Visits to Firemen _________ 291
Number of Visits to Policemen ________ 98
Number of Visits to Prisoners ________ 57
Patients Sent to St. Joseph's Hospital __ 75
Patients Sent to Savannah Hospital _____ 74
Patients Sent to Park View Sanitarium ___ 59
Patients Sent to Georgia Infirmary _____ 13
Respectfully submitted,
LLOYD B. TAYLOR, M. D.,
City Physician, Northern District.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 5SS
SOUTHERN DISTRICT
Savannah, Ga., January 14, 1916.
HON. W. J. PIERPONT, Mayor,
City of Savannah.
MY DEAR SIR:
I beg to submit to you this, my Annual Report, for the year
1915:
House Calls ___________________ 3,001
OfBce Calls ___________________ 1,720
Patients Treated __________________ 2,943
To Savannah Hospital _____________ 37
St. Joseph's Infirmary ______________ 42
Park View Sanitarium ______________ 23
Georgia Infirmary ________________ 14
Charity Hospital __________________ 2
I hope you and your Honorable Board of Aldermen will see
that this is not a fair compensation at a salary of $750.00 a year
for such services and I respectfully ask you to increase salary
of City Physician.
Very respectfully submitted,
L. J. CHEDEL,
City Physician, Southern District.
556 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
WESTERN DISTRICT
Savannah, Ga., January 1st, 1916.
HON. W. J. PIERPONT, Mayor,
Savannah, Ga.
DEAR SIR:
I herewith respectfully submit my Report as City Physician,
Western District, for year ending December 31st. 1915:
MONTH N.P. H.V. O.C. G.I. C.H.
January ___ 377 274 109 16 5
February ___ 390 279 148 14 5
March _____ 524 390 181 24 5
April ______ 472 431 192 24 8
May ______ 544 338 238 14 6
June _____ 667 451 275 23 9
July ______ 602. 451 243 22 7
August ____ 661 394 289 14 4
September __ 795 391 419 20 5
October ____ 778 406 304 18 8
November __ 679 437 285 20 5
December __ 592 581 247 22 6
Total ____ 7,081 4,823 2,930 231 73
Very respectfully,
F. S. BELCHER, M. D.,
City Physician, Western District.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 557
ANNUAL REPORT OF ST. JOSEPH'S HOSPITAL
JANUARY, 1916
Number of Patients Remaining in the Hospital
December 31, 1914 __________ 40
Received During the Year ____________ 1,298
Number Treated ________________ 1,338
Number Discharged ______________ 1,289
Number of Deaths ______________ 39
Surgical Operations ____________ 453
Number of Births ________________ 52
Number of Patients Remaining in Hospital December 31, 1915 _______________ 49
SISTER M. DOMINICA,
Superioress.
YEARLY REPORT OF CITY PATIENTS AT OGLETHORPE SANITORIUM YEAR 1915
Total Number of Patients ___________ 27
Total Number of Days ______________ 562
REPORT OF CITY PATIENTS CARED FOR at OGLETHORPE SANITORIUM FOR THE YEAR OF 1915
XAME OF PATIENT
Earnest Mackay _ _
Susan _ _ _ _
Susan, Re-entered _ _
G. Brey _ _ _ __
Madeline Roco _ _
Geo. Woods _ _____
Catherine Cordray __
Henry _ _ _
Dick
Dick, Re-entered ____
Earl Smith _ __ __
John Arden _ _ _
Audrey Sanderline _ _
Katherine Sanderline _
Roland Anderson __
Clarence Anderson ____
Miss R. M. Ivey
Mrs. Sarah Braggs ____
Julia Townlan _ __
Mrs. H. E. Besselieu__
" Re-entered
Fannie Sullivan _ _
Mrs. M. R. Morton __ (
" Re-entered
Dioniosos Caralivanos _
Jerry Baker ___ __
John Knight _ _ _
Total __ __
Total No. Pts. __ 27
Date of Admission
Jan. 18
Feb. 2
Aug. 26
Feb. 2
Feb. 9
Feb. 9
Feb. 18
Feb. 21
Feb. 27
Aug. 26
Mar. 3
May 8
May 29
May 29
July 6
July 6
Aug. 3
Aug. 27
Sept. 14
Nov. 28
Dec. 24
Nov. 15
July 26
Nov. 15
Dec. 11
Jan. 16
Jan. 16
Date of
Leaving
Hospital
Jan. 19
June 1
Oct. 8
Feb. 4
Feb. 10
Feb. 10
Feb. 18
Apr. 21
June 1
Oct. 8
Mar. 6
June 1
May 30
May 30
July 6
July 6
Aug. 16
Oct. 19
Sep. 28
Dec. 17
Jan. 12
Nov. 22
Aug. 41
Nov. 22
Jan. 81
Jan 17!
Jan 17
1 1
r- Oifn Admitted on
Bfospitol Certificate of
118
1
1
1
1
60
93
43
3
24
1
1
f
1
13
53
14
19
* 19
7
7
7
* 28
1
1
__ 562
Dr. W. F. Brunner
Dr. W. F. Brunner
Dr. W. F. Brunner
Dr. W. F. Brunner
Dr. W. F. Brunner
Dr. W. F. Brunner
Dr. W. F. Brunner
Dr. W. F. Brunner
Dr. W. F. Brunner
Dr. W. F. Brunner
Dr. W. F. Brunner
Dr. W. F. Brunner
Dr. W. F. Brunner
Dr. W. F. Brunner
Dr. W. F. Brunner
Dr. W. F. Brunner
Dr. W. F. Brunner
Dr. W. F. Brunner
Dr. W. F. Brunner
Dr. W. F. Brunner
Dr. W. F. Brunner
Dr. W. F. Brunner
Dr. W. F. Brunner
Dr. W. F. Brunner
Dr. W. F. Brunner
Dr. W. F. Brunner
Dr. W. F. Brunner
1918.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 559
REPORT OF PARK VIEW SANITARIUM, 1915
Savannah, Ga., January 15, 1916.
HON. W. J. PIERPONT, Mayor.
SIR:
The Directors of the Park View Sanitarium have the honor
to submit to the Mayor and Aldermen of the City of Savannah
their Annual Report for the year ending December 31, 1915.
The care of the Sanitarium includes: Treatment, lodging,
nourishment, medicines, surgical appliances, surgical operations
and care of obstetrical cases.
The Sanitarium has received without limitation, all patients
sent in by physicians of Savannah, the Police Department; in
fact, all deserving patients living in Savannah.
The following table shows the record of city patients; the
appended list of the total work done by the Sanitarium for the
year:
560 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
YEAR 1913
Januarv
February ___ _
March __ _- _
April _ . _
May _____ _____
June _
July ___________
Aitcnicf"
September __
October _ _ _
November _
December _
c.
5 ^
c a
C
503
308
472
443
327
472
538
492
455
478
335
481
0
J=
<^
49
34
42
40
34
36
46
40
51
56
31
39
jj~a
V
PH
24
15
20
20
15
22
23
?^
31
28
17
24

fZ
25
19
22
20
19
14
23
15
20
28
14
15
V)
ts
1
1
I
1
en
J

V
0
>>
2
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
3
Total ____ 5,304 ! 498 ' 264 234 16
Total Number of Patients Admitted
During Year 1915 ______________ 1,391
Total Number of Hospital Days _________ 14,64V
Total Number of Births______________ 41
Total Number of Deaths _____________ 34
Total Number of Surgical Operations, 1915 __ 592
Patients Moribund when Admitted________ 16
Mortality _____________________ 2.44%
Mortality, Less Moribund ____________ 1.29%
Total Cost Per Patient Per Day_________$ l.88]/2
It is impossible to compute separately the cost of private
and city patients. Mr. Charles Neville, Public Accountant, finds
the average total cost per patient per day to the Sanitarium to
be $1.881/2-
Respectfully submitted,
L. C. SAVILLE, R. N.,
Superintendent.

MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 563
ANNUAL REPORT INSPECTOR OF PLUMBING
Savannah, Ga., January 1, 1916.
HON. W. J. PIERPONT,
Mayor, City of Savannah, Ga.,
DEAR SIR:
Herewith, I have the honor to submit my report for the
year ending December 31st, 1915:
PLUMBING INSPECTIONS FOR THE YEAR 1915
MONTH FIXTURES INSPECTED A
January _ ___ _ 234
February _ _ .
March _ _ .
April '_ ___ _ .
May _ _ _ _ .
June _ _ _
fuly
August _ _ _ _ _-
September __ _ _ .
October _ _ _
.November _ _ .
December _ ___ .
Grand Total _ .
237
222
353
257
. 269
286
344
481
206
165
229
3,283
MOUNT OF FEES
$117.00
1 18.50
111.00
176.50
128.50
134.50
143.00
172.00
240.50
103.00
82.50
114.50
$1.641.50
I am pleased to report that there was an increase of $162.00
in the inspection fees over the preceding year.
Besides the above-mentioned inspections, I also made the
other inspections shown herewith:
For owners of property, their agents or tenants___ 35
Water taps for Water Department__________ 285
House-drainage sewers ________________ 145
Stormwater sewers __________________ 75
Inspections at request of Health Officer_______ 35
564 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
During the latter part of 1914 I submitted the rough draft
of a plumbing ordinance, better suited to our present needs than
the one in effect since 1897, to City Attorney Rourke in order
that he might put it in such form as to be enacted into an ordinance to take the place of the present one, but, so far as I know,'
nothing tangible has been done. I would recommend that such
an ordinance be adopted by City Council. It has been very
carefully considered by me and several other plumbers who
worked with me in its preparation.
I would also call your attention to the fact that the work of
this office is so great at times that the Inspector, by himself, is
unable to properly discharge all of the duties and this is to ask
that an Assistant Inspector of Plumbing be appointed to work
under the direction of the Inspector of Plumbing. In this connection I would recommend that the house-drainage sewer system
be placed under the jurisdiction of this office in the matter of
inspections, both from the main City sewer to the property line
and, again, from the property line to the point of junction with
the house fixtures. This function properly belongs to the
Plumbing Department and it should be supervised by a man of
good training and experience in plumbing and sewerage work
and this recommendation is especially in order at this time, when
the lateral sewers to the trunk lines are being laid.
In the matter of getting about from place to place in making
my inspections, this is to inform you that the horse given me at'
the City Lot some time ago is in a very unfit condition and I
feel certain that he will not be able to be driven very much
longer. I do not think the horse could stand the severe heat of
the approaching summer.
In conclusion, I wish to thank your Honor, the Committee on
Public Health and the Board of Plumbing Examiners for cooperating with me in discharging the duties of my office.
Yours respectfully,
C. W. TANNER,
Inspector of Plumbing.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 565
ANNUAL REPORT OF CITY DISPENSARY
Savannah, Ga., January 1, 1916.
To THE MAYOR AND ALDERMEN,
City of Savannah, Georgia.
SIRS:
I beg herewith to render my annual report of the City Dispensary for the year ending December 31st, 1915.
There were 23,971 prescriptions filled, an increase of 6,403
over last year. The number filled with increase over last year
is as follows:
MONTH INCREASE
January _______ 443
February ____ 536
March _____ 721
April ______ 631
May ______ 350
June ______ 563
July ______ 406
August _____ 459
September ___ 475
October ____ 515
November ___ 794
December ___ 510
Totals ____ 6,403
WHITE
769
573
756
703
610
574
.524
492
633
626
725
659
7,644
COLORED
,028
' ,111
,408
,333
,345
,414
,328
,549
,477
,496
' ,528
,310
16,327
TOTAL
1,797
1,684
2,164
2,036
1,955
1,988
1,852
2,041
2,110
2,122
2,253
1,967
23,971
Besides supplies for the Police Barracks, Abrahams Home,
Home for Aged, Episcopal Orphans' Home, Day Nursery, Fresh
Air Home, District Nurses, Tuberculosis Nurses, City Physicians
and other special orders.
NUMBER OF PRESCRIPTIONS PRESCRIBED BY THE FOLLOWING PHYSICIANS:
Belcher __ __
Middleton _______
Taylor ___________
Chedel __________
Morrison, J. _______
Iseman ___ __
Usher, S. ___ __
Tyson __ __ ____
Lee _ __ __ _
Martin, R. V. _____
Corson __________
Stothart, W. ___ _
Daniels _ _ ____
Leftwich _________
Pinckney _ _ ___
Morrison, A. ______
January
356
273
26
108
391
84
87
46
39
30
17
39
26
6
11
25
February
370
326
175
67
130
69
68
28
30
30
16
32
18
3
7
62
1
a
3
472
432
299
86
170
86
67
27
40
29
30
20
29
10
19
32
u
O.
<
396
396
343
95
93
66
63
35
29
50
24
29
32
31
12
10
&
2
495
350
83
276
86
78
77
29
32
18
28
40
32
23
23
58
<u
c 3 1 >
639
245
291
74
37
63
43
32
38
42
32
17
36
30
29
54
-S1
P >-
589
283
241
113
41
69
27
53
47
13
38
49
21
15
30
3
4-
(A
&3
<
619
386
207
115
42
108
71
75
56
21
57
1
27
17
27
__
September
624
362
381
103
25
83
46
69
47
25
41
19
17 '33
26
October
690
380
338
85
42
96
58
71
29
43
10
19
17
38
15
Xovember
614
356
345
145
26
117
64
40
28
45
43
67
41
42
35
December
495
261
299
113
82
95
7,3
61
47
48
43
32
27
28
27
"a
*->
o
H
6,359
4,050
3,028
1,380
1,165
1,014
744
566
462
394
379
364
323
276
261
244
ANXUAL MAYOR'S REPORT 566
NUMBER OF PRESCRIPTIONS PRESCRIBEDContinued
Heriot _____
Williams _ _
Stothart, J. _ ___
Winders __ _____
Wahl ___ __ _ Wilson _ _ _
Harris, W. A. _ _ _
Collier __ _ _
Reid ___ __
Orear ___ ______
Gibson ___ _ _
Baker ___ __ _ _
Edwards _ _
Brannen _
Thomas ____ _
Love _ _ ______
t
a
a
a > >
!3
11
13
21
23
6
16
12
11
9
20
1
6
6
8
1
February
19
.15
24
17
15
9
1
4
5
5
41
14
6
3
4
Hn!
^
18
?t
26
16
20
7
7
?l
4
15
?c
11
7
10
8
u
p, <
15
13
16
8
17
14
5
6
5
4
6
5
10
13
73
Js?;
23
16
13
5
13
8
7
20
5
17
2
6
5
6
&>
c
3 I >
28
15
17
22
11
50
2
12
8
7
7
12
1
j, "3
i->
11
35
20
14
9
22
2
3
12
2
11
3
3
4-
Vt
a to
a
<
8
19
17
21
5
22
4
2
11
11
9
10
9
6
1
September
1
52
7
10
14
7
9
1
11
2
5
6
5
1
. -October
8
14
10
10
16
2
19
4
6
5
6
4
8
Xovember
31
28
6
10
16
3
3
19
2
14
7
2
6
i
December
27
19
12
11
19
3
22
8
10
6
4
9
*c3
*_)
O
H
202
197
194
168
152
144
129
108
99
92
90
86
83
73
73
73
o
50
in
"d
O
NUMBER OF PRESCRIPTIONS PRESCRIBEDContinued
Adams ___________
Carter ___________
DeCaradeuc _______
Farmer __ _ __ _
Redmond _________
Norton, W. __ ___
Stothart, E. _______
Exley __ _______
Myers ____________
Johnson __ _______
Rogers ___ ________
Usher, C. _________
Underwood -
Bovde
Jackson _ __
Fischer _ _ _ _
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1
55
18
7
11
1
7
?,
1
4
1
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February 1
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16
8
4
2
11
1
5
3
10
' 6
J3
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s
11
10
3
fi
1
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3
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29
10
1
5
5
2
8
4
2
4
6
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17
7
5
6
1
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5
1
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5
13
fi
3
4
1?
6
8
?,
2
4
3
fi
1
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4
fi
5
4
fi
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4
4
3
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3
4
3
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6
4
4
1
2
3
1
2
1
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i
1
fi
5
P,
fi
1
2
8
5
2
8
1
2
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3
5
5
5
6
4
3
3
2
5
3
1
2
Novembe'
fi
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12"3
2
4
1
3
2
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1
11
December
7
3
18
1
9
2
1
3
8
3
2
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67
66
64
61
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38
35
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31
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26
25
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NUMBER OF PRESCRIPTIONS PRESCRIBEDContinued
Barrow ___ _ ___
Usher, J. A. _ _ _
Crawford __ _ __
Causey __ __ _ __
Brunner _ _______
Cooper _ ______
Lang __
Righton _
Jones __ ___ ___
Blake ___ __
Weinberg _ _ _
Tompkins _ ______
Brent _ _ _ __
Corbin __________
Norton, G. _ _ _
Harman ____
January
1
3
6
1
1
1
1
?.
\
February
7
3
3
1
u
u
rt
^
1
3
?,
fi
1
3
3
Ut O.
1
2
3
2
2
3
2
1
5
1 a
5 3
4 1
3
4 __
4 4
2 __
2
2 3
1 1
1
1
jj>*3 i,
1
?,
I
2
5
3
?,
--
4->
tfl
bo
<
1
1
5
8
_-
September
i
1
1
3
1
?
3
?,
1
2
October i
1
1
3
1
6
1
2
1
3
2
4
1
I
November
10
5
1
3
3
3
2
2
1
December
?,
,
?,
13
1
4
__
"5
0
H
25
22
22
19
19
19
18
16
15
15
15
9
8
7
8
o
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c/5
w 11
o
70
570 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
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MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 571
THE EXPENDITURES WERE AS FOLLOWS:
January
Rent ____________________$ 40.00
Wages __________________ 160.00
H. C. Frech ______________ 3.4!
H. F. Klug __.___________.,__ 1.25
Electricity ________________ - 1.10
Columbia Drug _____________ 174.39
Solomons _________________ 88.29
Ash-Bond Printing Co. ________ 13.90
Insurance ________________ 9.10
Total _________________$491.44
February
Rent ____________________$ 40.00
Wages __________________ 160.00
H. F. Klug________________ 1.15
H. C. Frech _______________ 2.68
Scrubbing and cleaning _________ 4.00
Gas ____________________ 3.24
Columbia Drug Co. ___________ 61.99
Electricity ________________ 1.65
Small's Cash Grocery __________ 5.40
Solomons Co. ______________ 6.14
Total __________________$286.25
March
Rent ____________________$ 40.00
Wages ___________________ 160.00
Scrubbing and cleaning _________ 4.00
Electricity ________________ 1.40
Solomons Co. _______________ 90.02
Small's Cash Grocery __________ 1.60
Ash-Bond Printing Co. _________ 9.00
Columbia Drug Co. __________ 97.31
Total _________________$403.33
572 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
April
Rent ____________________$ 40.00
Wages __________________ 160.00
Scrubbing and cleaning _______ 4.00
Columbia Drug Co. ___________ 180.81
Solomons Co. ______________ 8.59
Electricity ________________ 1.25
Gas ____________________ 1.88
H. C. Frech _______________ .67
Total __________________$397.20
May
Rent ____________________$ 40.00
Wages __________________ 160.00
Scrubbing and cleaning _______ 5.00
Electricity _________________ 1.45
Kenny's _________________._ 6.05
H. C. Frech _______________ 4.70
Gas ____________ _______ .22
Ice ____________________ 2.50
Solomons Co. _______________ 199.94
Total __________________$419.86
June
Rent ____________________$ 40.00
Wages ___________________ 160.00
Scrubbing and cleaning________ 4.00
Columbia Drug Co. ___________ 147.07
H. C. Frech _______________ 2.24
Electricity _________________ 1.50
Gas ____________________ .22
Total ___________ _____$355.03
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 573
July
Rent ____________________$ 40.00
Wages __________________ 160.00
Gas _____________________ .22
Telephone ________________ 9.00
Electricity ________________ 1.55
Solomons Co. _______________ 177.71
H. C. Frech _______________ 2.45
Total __________________$390.93
August
Rent ____________________$ 40.00
Wages _________________ 160.00
Scrubbing and cleaning_________ 4.00
Columbia Drug Co. ___________ 109.75
H. C. Frech _______________ .60
Electricity _________________ 1.80
Savannah Press _____________ 5.00
Gas ____________________ .66
Ice _____________________ 1.00
Total __________________$322.81
September
Rent ____________________$ 40.00
Wages ____________________ 160.00
Scrubbing and cleaning _________ 4.00
Kenny's ___________________ 5.15
H. C. Frech ________________ 2.51
Wachtels _________________ 2.00
M. S. & D. A. Byck____________ 17.50
Ash-Bond Printing Co. _________ 22.00
Electricity ________________ 2.10
Gas __________.__________ .44
Solomons Co. ______________ 233.25
Total __________________$488.85
574 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
October
Rent ____________________$ 40.00
Wages __________________ 160.00
Scrubbing and cleaning _______ 5.00
Gas ____________________ .44
Electricity _________________ 2.35
H. C. Frech ________________ .50
Wachtels _________________ 1.10
Solomons Co. _______________ 63.58
Columbia Drag Co. ___________ 279.29
Total _________________$552.26
November
Rent ___________________$ 40.00
Wages ___________________ 160.00
Scrabbing and cleaning ________ 4.00
Gas ____________________ .66
Electricity _________________ 3.00
Coal .____________________ 7.75
Solomons Co. ______________ 207.07
Total __________________$422.48
December
Rent ____________________$ 40.00
Wages __________________ 160.00
Columbia Drug Co. _____________ 159.70
Wachtels __________________ 2.10
Gas ___________________ .66
Scrubbing and cleaning _________ 4.00
H. C. Frech _______________ 1.31
Small's Cash Grocery __________ 2.18
Electricity _________________ 2.95
Total ________________$372.90
MAYOR'S AX.VUAL REPORT 3/3
TOTALS:
January __________________$491.44
February __________________ 286.25
March __________________ 403.33
April ____________________ 397.20
May ____________________ 419.86
June ____________________ 355.03
July _____________________ 390.93
August __________________ 322.81
September ________________ 488.85
October ___________________ 552.26
November ________________ 422.48
December ________________ 372.90
Total ________________$4,903.44
an increase of $431.33 over last year
I wish to call your attention to the fact that though there
has been an increase in the number of prescriptions and expense
of running the place, the average cost of per prescription has
been 20}^ cents as against 25 9-10 cents for last year.
Respectfully yours,
JNO. H. HARMS,
Keeper City Dispensary.

REPORTS ON CONDITION OF
WATER SUPPLY
AT
SAVANNAH, GEORGIA
INDEX
TO DIFFERENT REPORTS ON CONDITION OF
WATER SUPPLY AT SAVANNAH, GA.
PAGES
Preliminary Report on Savannah Water Supply, by
L. W. Stephenson and R. B. Dole________ 1 to 14
The Water Supply of Savannah, Ga., by R. B. Dole__ 15 to 89
Report of Hazen, Whipple and Fuller, by Prof. Geo.
C. Whipple, upon Condition of Water Supply at
Savannah _____________________ 91 to 110
Supplementary Report of Prof. Geo. C. Whipple,
upon Analysis of the Water of Savannah____111 to 115
Final Report by R. B. Dole, on the Chemical Composition of the Water Supply of Savannah____117 to 123
Report of the Power Specialty Company, giving an
Analysis of Savannah Artesian Water used for
Boiling at Destructor Plant____________125 to 128
Report by E. R. Conant upon the Present Water
Supply System of the City of Savannah, with
Recommendations for its Extension_:_____129 to 154
PRELIMINARY REPORT ON
SAVANNAH WATER SUPPLY
BY
L. W. STEPHENSON
United Sut Geolojitt
AND
R. B. DOLE
United Statts Chemiit
Department of the Interior
UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
Washington
OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR
HON. R. J. DAVANT, Mayor,
City of Savannah.
July 29, 1915.
SIR:
We have the honor to submit the following preliminary report on the condition of the waterworks of the city of Savannah,
with recommendations for certain urgent repairs and examinations.
It is our opinion that the ground-water supply in the aquifer
is unpolluted, but that it is polluted through subsurface leaks in
the collecting system after it leaves the aquifer. This report
recommends certain measures for the repair of these leaks and
the further protection of the supply.
What should be the future water supply is a matter for
more mature consideration after certain data have been obtained
regarding the probable needs of the city of Savannah. Whether
the city should construct additional wells and pumping stations
or should construct filtration works for treating water from either
Savannah river or Ogeechee river depends on the relative quality
of the supplies, the prospective consumption and prospective
drop in ground-water level in the next twenty years, and the relative cost of the three projects. These factors will be discussed in
another report. *
The log of the city well indicates 290 feet of clay with
interbedded subordinate layers of marl, underlain by 220 feet of
strata, chiefly limestone, with subordinate interbedded layers of
marl. The city water supply of Savannah at both River station
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
and Gwinnett station is derived chiefly from this lower 220 feet
of rock, which in the words of Slichter* is "uniformly a porous
limestone, or rather one full of cavities." At present more than
ten million gallons of water are drawn daily from this limestone,
which is ample proof of the vast quantity it contains.
Slichter states that the casings of the wells at Gwinnett
station extend through the overlying clays and marls to the rock.
It appears, therefore, that barring defects in the casings and conduits, the water supply is amply protected from local surface
pollution for the 250 feet or more of clay and marl overlying the
water-bearing limestone is probably impervious to water; but
even if these materials were not completely impervious and allowed the downward circulation of surface water any impurities
either in the form of suspended matter or of disease-producing
organisms would be effectually filtered out in the clays, sands
and marls above the limestone.
The log of the Mutual Fertilizer Company's well, two miles
northwest of the post office and near River Station, indicates
essentially the same set of conditions as that at Gwinnett station. Here the water-bearing limestone penetrated in the lower
95 feet of the well is protected by a covering of more than 200
feet of "tough, dark green, sandy marl," probably clay.
The age of the water-bearing limestones at Savannah has
not been definitely determined, but incomplete fossil evidence
indicates that they include in. descending order representatives of
the Chattahoochee, Vicksburg and Jackson formation. These.
three formations together form a water-bearing sheet of vast
extent in Southern and Southeastern Georgia. At Savannah they
lie at depths of 235 to more than 500 feet. The formations dip
slightly coastward, rising gradually northwest of Savannah and
finally outcropping at the surface. The belt of outcrop of the
Chattahoochee, Vicksburg and Jackson formations extends from
Decatur, Miller and Early counties, in Southwestern Georgia, in
a general northeasterly direction to Savannah river. Albany,
Slichter, C. S., U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 67. pp. 97-
101, 1902. See also U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 341, p. 1S6,
1915.
-MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
Hawkinsville and Dublin are situated on the Vicksburg, the middle of the three formations.
Between Oconee river in Laurens county and Savannah
river in Screven county the limestones are largely concealed by
a thin covering of younger formations, chiefly sand. This area
is the intake or catchment area of the waters drawn on for the
city supply at Savannah. The nearest point of the catchment area
directly northwest of Savannah is about fifty miles and the
farthest point about seventy-five miles. Rain water entering the
limestones in the catchment area moves slowly by gravity down
the gently inclined strata, its passage being facilitated by the
pores and cavities of the limestone, and also by porous, sandy
layers known to be interbedded with the limestone. Any polluting matter or infectious bacteria in the water of the catchment
area at the time of its entrance into the limestones would be removed by natural filtration or would die during the long slow underground journey of fifty to seventy-five miles, and the water
would arrive at the wells in Savannah in a state of absolute sanitary purity.
During the latter part of 1914 Dr. J. R. Ridlon of the
United States public health service called attention to the excessive bacterial content of the water in Savannah and the frequent presence of B. coli; as a result of this Dr. W. F. Brunner,
city health officer, and Dr. V. H. Bassett, city bacteriologist, instituted under your direction a bacteriological study and a sanitary
inspection of River station, toward which suspicion was especially
. directed. The results of the bacteriological examination are summarized in the table on page eight. As a result of these tests
wells Nos. 2, 3, 13 and certain others were disconnected and
well No. 25 was also disconnected because the conduit to it was
long, passed two wells high in bacteria, and leaked.
WELL NO. 4
Early in 1915 air was observed bubbling in the water-filled
pit around the head of well No. 4. Fluorescein put in the pit appeared in the well water at the end of fourteen hours; later when
heavy jacks were used, the casing parted at 160 feet and the
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
upper portion was removed. An oval hole about two inches long
was found near a collar at forty feet. There has been some debate as to whether this hole was caused by a defect or by corrosion, but it may be noted that other parts of the removed casing
show indisputable evidence of corrosion and deterioration. The
well hole is said to have been plugged with concrete down in
the red clay, but above the end of the unremoved casing.
WELL NO. 2
It was observed by Dr. Bassett that well No. 2 yielded turbid
water during the first three or four minutes of blowing, but that
the water always became clear after blowing fifteen to thirty
minutes. Excavation around the top of the casing uncovered the
flanges of the 7-inch and 10-inch casings, which were apposed
but not bolted together, and the evidence indicates that the temporary turbidity of the water was caused by entrance of muddy
surface water between the flanges and between the two casings.
The flanges were then partly bolted and a pit was dug around
the top of the casing about ten feet in diameter and ten feet
deep. None of the bacteriological examinations of this water
recorded in the table on page eight were made after the flanges
had been bolted.
WELL NO. 3
A similar temporary turbidity can now be observed in the
water from well No. 3. The top of the casing of this well is
surrounded by a shallow brick wall and the flanges are under
water. Air has been observed bubbling up in this pit but examination shows that it comes from an uncaulked leak in the 24-inch
conduit that crosses one side of the pit and not from a leak in
the casing.
FLUORESCEIN TEST
After inspection of River station it was decided to test well
No. 2 by means of fluorescein for the purpose of ascertaining
whether surface drainage could enter the casing. Accordingly,
the water in the pit surrounding the casing was pumped down
several inches below the flanges and one kilogram of fluorescein
8 MAYOR'S AX'XUAL REPORT
in solution was emptied into the pit at 1:00 p. m. July 13. The
well was alternately blown one hour and rested one or two hours
for two daysnight and daybut no trace of fluorescein was observed, though hourly samples were collected. Samples also
were collected frequently from well No. 1, about fifty feet from
well No. 2; from well No. 3, about 150 feet from well No. 2; and
from well No. 13, about 200 feet from well No. 2. None of the
samples showed a trace of fluorescein and the water level in the
pit around the head of well No. 2 rose about two inches during
the test, thus showing that the solution was effectually sealed off
and prevented from penetrating the ground. During the entire
test the water level in the pit was below the flanges on the casings
and none of the samples from well No. 2 was turbid.
WELL NO. 13
One or two turbid samples came from well No. 13 during
the test, but as the top of this casing is open and the well is out of
commission this turbidity is probably due to dirt and inside scale
that could readily be obviated. There may, however, be leaks in
this casing, and it would be advisable to test it with fluorescein in
the manner similar to that used on well No. 2. It would also be
advisable, either before or after such test, to replace the elbow
connection but leave the valve closed and collect daily samples
for some time for bacteriological examination through a brass
petcock in the elbow connection. This arrangement would doubtless obviate the possibility of contamination of the water after
leaving the aquifer.
Before our inspection the 24-inch and some of the smaller
conduits carrying water from the wells to the pump reservoir
had been uncovered, inspected and caulked. The 24-inch conduit
apparently is now tight except for the leaky joint at well No. 3.
The intake reservoir has recently been lined with cement and
seems to be in good condition. The connection with Savannah
river had been inspected by Dr. Bassett, who states that the valve
is tightly closed and the intake sealed with mud and perfectly
tight, a condition indicating that no river water pollutes the
system.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
SUMMARY OF BACTERIOLOGICAL EXAMINATIONS OF WELL WATERS AT RIVER STATION,
FEBRUARY TO JUNE, 1915
(Dr. V. H. Bassett, City Bacteriologist)
0.
fc
*
p
1
2
3
5
G
7
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9
11
12
13
17
19
25
Diameter Feb., 1915
u
1
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o>S
10
10
10
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
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6
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June, 1915
i *2
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Remarks
No physical evidence of leak except small defect above water line.
Welt now in service.
Turbid water in first 3 minutes of
test. Loose flanges 2 in. below surface. Test made before flanges
were bolted together.
Turbid water in first 3 minutes of
test. Loose flange 2 in. below surface. Tests made without bolts in
flanges.
No physical evidence of leak.
No physical evidence of leak.
No physical evidence of leak.
3 JUsed only since June 9 after period
of disuse. Casing treated with 2
3
S
0
2
Ibs. hypo; high count 2 days later.
Used only since June after long period of disuse. No physical evidence of leak.
Not suitably isolated for testing.
Not suitably isolated for testing.
First pumped in June after long
period of disuse. Casing covered by bagging.
No physical evidence of leak.
No physical evidence of leak, but
well head not fully uncovered.
Not examined.
*TotaI In 1915. tSeveral sterile.
10 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
STATIC HEAD OF WELLS AT RIVER STATION
Day. ! Hour.
Ft. Below -T<
Casings
Well
No. 2
JuH- 13 11:00 a. m.l
jl2:20 p. m.l 20.5
July 14
2:10 p. m.
3:10 p. m.
5:15 p. m.
9:15 p. m.
10:20 p. m.
1:20 a. m.
6:40 a. m.
7:40 a. m.
: 9:00 a. m.
9:55 a. m.
:10:55 a. m.!
'12:00 m.
2:20 p. m.
3:00 p. m.
5:00 p. m.
7:00 p. m.
i 3:00 p. m.
j 8:15 p. m.
July 15
11:00 p. m.
1:00 a. m.
4:00 a. m.
5:00 a. m.
6:00 a. m.
6:15 a. m.
21.2
Well
No. 13
21.5
20.7
20.2
21.2
22.6
21.4
15.2
14.0
12.6
19.6
19.9
21.1
20.8
21.1
21.4
21.6
21.3
21.1
13.7
13.3
13.1
13.2
12.8
jpsof
%eir
No. 8
184 lo.'t
14.2'
19.7
15.6
Remarks.
Fluoreseein put in at 1:10 p. m.
Compressor shut down at 9:35 p. m.
Compressor started at 6:45 a. m.
Compressor shut down at 8:10 p. m.
Compressor started at 6:20 a, m.
FLUCTUATION OF WATER LEVEL
During the progress of the fluorescein test a few measurements of water level, recorded in the above table, were made:
The tops of the casings are two to three feet above the surface of the ground and were not tied to city datum by leveling.
Nevertheless the measurements from the tops of the casings
show the fluctuation in water level. Between 11:00 a. m. and
9:15 p. m., July 13, while the well system at River station was in
operation, the head in Well No. 13, which has been cut out,
ranged from 20.2 to 22.6 feet. This fluctuation is due partly to
tide and partly to intermittent interferrence among the wells.
Mr. S. F. Cook, chief engineer at River station, states that tide
makes a difference of three to four feet in the static head. At
10:20 p. m., 45 minutes after blowing of the well system had
stopped for the day, the head in well No. 13 had risen 6.2 feet
and the head in No. 8, an active well, stood at 18.4 feet. At 6:40
a. m., July 14, 5 minutes before blowing started, well No. 13 had
MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT 11
recovered 8.8 feet and well No. 8 not less than 4.2 feet; the recovery of well No. 8 was probably greater than that, the first
measurement having been made some time after blowing had
stopped. Well No. 13 recovered 2.6 feet during the same period.
At 7:40 a. m., 55 minutes after blowing started in the general
system, well No. 13, still cut out, had fallen 7.0 feet and at 9:55
a. in., 2 hours and 15 minutes later, had fallen 8.5 feet. Similarly, during the night of July 14, well No. 13 recovered 7.4 feet
in 2 hours and 50 minutes and 8.3 feet in 9 hours and 50 minutes, while well No. 8 recovered at least 4.0 feet in 10 hours.
These crude measurements show that the static head in the
vicinity of River station falls 8 to 9 feet soon after blowing is
started and rises about the same distance during the night. Evidently then, the water-bearing strata are full of channels and
cavities that afford intimate connection among the wells.
PROBABLE SOURCES OF CONTAMINATION
The thick wall of impervious clays over the water-bearing
limestones constitutes a highly efficient seal against surface contamination. This opinion is corroborated by the results of Dr.
Bassett's examinations, which show high bacterial counts in water
from some wells and low counts in water from others nearby, a
condition that could not exist if the water in the aquifer itself
were contaminated. The obvious conclusion is that the pollution
of the supply occurs through leaks in the casings, flanges, valves
and conduits. The air pressure would not prevent the entrance of
infiltrating material. The leaks already discovered and stopped
in the largest conduit at River station, the unbolted underground
flanges, the forcing of turbid water from some wells, and the
occurrence of highest bacterial counts in June while the groundwater level was highest corroborates the conclusion that the system has been, and still is, subject to the entrance of contaminated
sub-surface water. The situation of River station within a few
hundred feet of large factories with privies, small sewers, and
other sources of pollution gives excellent opportunity for serious
infection.
12 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Each well at both stations should be subjected to rigorous inspection and examination for the purpose of discovering
and stopping leaks; excavations should be made around the tops
and the flanges, elbows, valves, etc., tested for leaks. A petcock
or other proper appliance should be provided at each well for
taking samples, and daily bacteriological examinations of the
water of each well should be made for not less than
sixty days. This applies to both River station and Gwinnett station. It might be desirable to provide concrete and
brick housings for the well tops in order that the connections
may be open to inspection at frequent intervals. In any event,
surface water should not be allowed to collect around the wells,
and privies, trash heaps and other potential foci of infection in
the vicinity of them should be removed. This also applies to
Gwinnett station as well as to River station.
2. The conduits not already uncovered and examined at
River station should be inspected and put in good shape.
3. The brick conduit at Gwinnett station should be carefully
inspected for leaks, as this conduit is now twenty-four years old
and it is not at all improbable that it is subject to infiltration in
places. A section of it was in such bad condition that it was in
danger of collapsing and had to be rebuilt as long ago as 1900.
The connections between the wells and the conduit should
receive special attention in order to insure their tightness. If
the conduit is found to be leaky and otherwise in poor condition
it should immediately be repaired.
4. The intake reservoir at Gwinnett station should be covered by an arched reinforced concrete top. The water in this basin
is now exposed to air and sunlight and is likely to develop unpleasant tastes and odors. It is also exposed to contamination by
dust, flies and feet-scrapings from the walk that crosses it. When
the concrete top is put on 6-inch openings should be provided over
the end of the brick conduit and over the outlet of Springfied
well for collection of samples of water.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 13
5. The wire screen around the reservoir at River station
should be replaced by a riveted strip of galvanized iron. Groundwater keeps better and is less likely to develop organisms that impart unpleasant tastes and odors to it if air and sunlight are rigidly excluded. The need of such protection is aptly illustrated by
a heavy organic growth observed at Gwinnett station where
seepage from the intake reservoir had run out on the floor.
6. The sewerage at Gwinnett station should be so altered
that there will be no opportunity for drainage from the garbage
disposal works next door to back into the pumping station, which,
I understand, has occurred.
7. The treatment of the water at River station with hypochlorite should be indefinitely continued. The hypochlorite apparatus should, however, be installed in a permanent structure
outside the intake reservoir so that it will be unnecessary to enter
the reservoir to tend the apparatus. The conduit carrying the
hypochlorite solution should open at the several water inlets in
order to effect immediate and intimate contact with all the well
water. A more efficient regulating apparatus for the dosage
tank should be at once installed.
8. Daily bacteriological examinations of water from the intake reservoirs at both stations should be continued for some
time. If the tests at Gwinnett station indicate excessive bacterial
content or the presence of B. coli apparatus for proper treatment
of this supply with hypochlorite should be put into operation.
9. The flanges between the casings of wells at River station should be provided with gaskets and bolted together. If continued tests of the wells that have been cut out then show their
waters to be unpolluted it may be possible, in the discretion of
the city health officer, to put some of them again into service.
10. The air outlets along the conduit at Gwinnett station
should be carried ten feet above ground and should be water-tight
below ground. At present those that could be inspected end at
the surface and are covered by open boxes with wooden covers.
One air vent that was uncovered was found half full of dirt. Dust,
dirt, bugs, small animals and other filth obviously can enter and
pollute the conduit in the present condition of these openings, and
14 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
doubtless surface drainage can enter some of them under certain
conditions.
11. In order to protect the ground-water supply from pollution a city ordinance or state law should provide for proper plugging of abandoned holes in and around the city; it should specifically provide that the hole be plugged with soft wood at a depth
of not less than 200 to 250 feet in the casing and that the casing
then be filled to the surface with concrete.
12. In anticipation of the use of water from Savannah river
or Ogeechee river preliminary surveys should be made for the
purpose of selecting sites near these streams for construction of
a pumping station and a filtration plant. In order that proper information regarding the quality of these waters may be at hand
when the time comes for designing new waterworks daily samples
of water from each stream should be examined for turbidity, color
and alkalinity for a period of two years, and frequent bacteriological tests should be made.
13. The bacteriological and chemical tests above recommended include (a) daily tests of the water from each pumping
station for an indefinite period, (b) daily tests of the water from
each well at each station for not less than sixty days, (c) special
tests along the conduits and around the casings, and (d) daily
tests of the water of Savannah and Ogeechee rivers for color,
.turbidity and alkalinity. These tests should be made under the
supervision of the city health officer and there should be close
co-operation between the health department and the water department in conducting them and in making alterations and repairs. The bacteriological and chemical work can be carried
on in the excellent laboratory already installed by the City of
Savannah, but funds for extra assistance will, of course, be
needed for efficient and prompt carrying out of the tests.
Very truly yours,
L. W. STEPHENSON, Geologist.
R. B. DOLE, Chemist.
Approved: PHILIP S. SMITH, Acting Director.
THE
WATER SUPPLY
OF
SAVANNAH, GA.
BY
R. B. DOLE
U. S. Geological Survey
DECEMBER 30, 1915

CONTENTS
PAGE
Introduction _____________________ 19
History __________________________ 20
Gwinnett Street Station____________________ 22
River Station __________________________ 23
Consumption of Water________________ 25
Chemical Composition of the Ground Water______ 31
Cost of Operation of Waterworks______ ________ 35
Yield and Static Level of Wells________________ 42
Decrease of Flow at Gwinnett Street Station____ _ 42
Yield of Wells, Gwinnett Street Station, October, 1915_ 47
Drawdown and Recovery of Wells, Gwinnett Street
Station, December, 1915 ______________ 48
Drawdown at River Station, July, 1915_________ 53
Yield of Wells, River Station, December, 1915_____ 54
Drawdown and Recovery at River Station, December
10-11, 1915 ______.._______________ 58
Ground Water Level in Relation to Sea Level_____ 64
Water Level in Relation to Cost of Pumping______ 66
Future Consumption __________________ 69
Influence of Sanitary Sewerage on Consumption______ 71
Future Supply _________________________ 72
Additional Ground Water Supply and Pumping Station. 73
Filtration of Savannah River Water___________ 76
Chemical Composition of the Water of Savannah River. 79
Discharge of Savannah River______________ 82
Filtration of Ogeechee River Water____________ 86
Sanitary Conditions ____________________ 87
Study of Water Conditions________________ 87
ILLUSTRATIONS*
(At end of report.)
Fig. 1.Plan showing location of wells at Gwinnett Street
Station.
Fig. 2Plan showing location of wells at River Station.
Fig. 3Diagram showing total annual pumpage Savannah
Water Works compared with total population of Savannah, 1886-
1914, inclusive.
Fig. 4.Graph showing relation of draft and drawdown of
wells, Gwinnett Street Station, December 10-11, 1915.
Fig. 5Graph showing drawdown and recovery of water
level during continuous operation of compressor, River Station.
Fig. 6Graph showing drawdown and recovery of water
level during intermittent operation of compressor.
Fig. 7Diagram showing average daily total pumpage by
months 1905-1914, inclusive, Savannah Water Works.
Fig. 8Diagram showing daily pumpage at Gwinnett Street
and River Stations during 1914, Savannah Water Works.
*NoiEIllustrations not printed, but are on file in the drafting room of the Chief Engineer's office.
INTRODUCTION
In July, 1915, at the request of the Mayor of Savannah, L.
W. Stephenson and R. B. Dole were detailed by the Director of
the United States Geological Survey to study the ground-water
supply of Savannah with special reference to its sanitary condition. A report thereon was submitted July 29, and was incorporated in the official proceedings of the City Council for September 15. Several of the improvements therein recommended
for protection of the supply against pollution have already been
made. Reports on the water situation were submitted to the
City Council on September 29 by E. R. Conant, chief engineer,
and by George C. Whipple, consulting engineer, and another
report has been prepared by Mr. Conant dealing with proposed
improvements and extensions of the water supply in both source
and distribution. Copies of all these reports have been available to the writer, who made a second visit to Savannah in December for the purpose of further study of conditions.
The pressing situation at Savannah has rendered it advisable to review in some detail past conditions from both physical and sanitary standpoints in order that proper information
may be available for projected improvements in the water supply and this report has therefore been prepared chiefly for the
purpose of furnishing such data for guidance in the future. It
is desired to express appreciation of the hearty and earnest co- i
operation rendered by Dr. W. F. Brunner, health officer, Mr. E. j
R. Conant, chief engineer, and many other officials of the City
of Savannah.
20 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
HISTORY
The first municipal water supply of Savannah was taken
unfiltered from Savannah River through an intake at the site
of what is now known as River Station, at the foot of Stiles
Avenue, on the bank of the river opposite Marsh Island.* This
supply was used from 1854 to 1887, when the increased pollution
of the stream finally led to the abandonment of this unfiltered
source. The total costf of the construction and maintenance of
the system until 1856 was about $207,000. By the end of 1887
the city had constructed and put into operation 14 flowing wells,
none more than 400 feet deep, at River Station, and in 1888 the
entire supply, except 8 hours' pumpage from the river, was taken
from the wells. During 1888 and 1889 additional wells were put
down to the number of 9, making in all twenty 6-inch, two 10-
inch, and one 4-inch well. In the latter part of 1889 it became
necessary to assist the wells by pumping water from the river.
In the spring of 1890 one of the 10-inch wells was deepened to
1,009 feet, but the yield was increased so little that deepening
was abandoned as a means of gaining more water. Three wells
were "shot" by explosives without greatly increasing the yield.
A 12-inch well, bored at this time on the Springfield plantation
to a depth of 1,550 feet, has become an adjunct of the Gwinnett
Street system. Two 10-inch wells were put down at River Station during 1890 and 1891. River water was, however, required
again in the latter part of 1891 because the pumps could not be
adequately supplied from the twenty-five wells.
An improved plant was then designed by Mr. Thomas T.
Johnston, C. E., and under his direction the system known as the
new works on Gwinnett Street was constructed. Twelve wells
were put down along Stiles avenue, flowing into a brick conduit,
which carried the water to a wet well at Gwinnett street pumping
station. That system was put into service in the winter of
1892-93, and cost about $420,000, including machinery, wells,
Johnston, T. T., The new artesian well supply of Savannah, Ga,,
Eng. News. vol. 29. p. 527, 1893.
tAnnual report of the superintendent of waterworks of Savannah for 1895. ' '
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 21
and necessary additional mains. There is no record indicating
that river water was pumped into the mains after December,
1892. River Station was shut down in March, 1893, and apparently was not utilized again till 1899, during which year it
was found necessary to pump from the wells at River Station
36,000,000 gallons of water. In 1900 the suction pipes of the
new system were lengthened, an additional available supply of
about 160,000 gallons thereby being gained in the wet well and
the flow from the wells being increased when the water in the
conduit was at its lowest level. In the same year 230 feet of
the conduit was repaired, 56 feet of it being renewed. River
Station, pumping well water only, was operated 48 hours in
May, 233 hours in June, and from July 21 to August 28, while
repairs on the conduit were being made.
Because of demand for increased supply River Station was
again started on June 1, 1901, and was run into September,
1902, pumping a total of 644,000,000 gallons. An air-lift was
installed for the Springfield Well in July, 1901, by means of
which the discharge of that well was increased from 566,720
to 1,210,464 gallons. In July, 1902, an air-lift plant for the
entire system of wells at Gwinnet Street Station was put into
operation, and River Station was shut down in September. An
air-lift plant was installed at River Station in 1908, and that station, in more or less continuous daily service, has furnished 7
to 9.5 per cent, of the total supply since January .15, 1909. At
present Gwninett Street Station is reported to be furnishing
water to the full capacity of one of the duplicate pumps, and
River Station is operated during the daytime at a rate sufficient
to maintain the required pressure in the city, besides being available for night operation in emergency.
Thus the history of the ground-water supply of Savannah
is like that of the ground-water supplies of many other large
cities. The system was originally built to supply a moderatesized city from a few flowing wells penetrating a relatively unused aquifer. As the demand for water increased with the
growth of the city more wells and larger pumps became needed.
The heavy draft on the water-bearing strata by city and private
22 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
wells locally lowered the static level until air lifts were required.
Extension of the mains in response to demand for city water and
installation of house drainage for improved sanitation have resulted in increasing the consumption, until the city is now confronted with the dilemma of demand for more water against
lowered static level and consequent decreased available supply.
GWINNETT STREET STATION
Gwinnett Street Pumping Station is situated at the corner
of Gwinnett Street and Stiles Avenue. It is equipped with two
10,000,000-gallon Holly duplex compound pumps of the Gaskill
type an.d two 10,000,000-gallon Ingersoll-Rand cross compound
air compressors.* The pumps and the compressors are alternately operated.
The water is forced by compressed air from a series of 12
wells and one deeper well, known as the Springfield well, in
Gwinnett Street about 2,000 feet east of the pumping station.
(See plan of layout, Fig. 1.) The series of 12 wells are placed
about 300 feet apart along Stiles Avenue, north of the pumping
station. They are 12 inches in diameter and are cased to a
depth of 250 feet,f below which they are bored to an average
depth of about 500 feet into the limestone from which the water
comes. The water is forced from the wells into a conduit laid
on the opposite side of the street and flows into the pumping
station. The conduit is 6 feet in diameter to a point opposite the
pumping station where it curves in toward the station and enlarges to a diameter of 8 feet. The circular conduit is constructed of brick seated on a concrete base, and it is laid at sea level.
The bottom width of the wet well into which the water flows is
10 feet, top width 11 feet 7 inches, and length 124 feet; capacity
below suction pipe, 15,048 gallons; capacity to springing line of
conduit 40,128 gallons; capacity to overflow, 88,580 gallons.
Springfield well, 12 inches in diameter, was bored in 1890 to a
depth of 1,550 feet. It was originally cased to a depth of 1,009
feet, but the casing has apparently been perforated at a higher
Capacities given by superintendent of waterworks.
fEng. News, vol. 29. p. 528; length of casing, 225 feet, according to report of James Manning, superintendent of waterworks, for 1891.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 23
level; the water forced from it by compressed air flows through
a separate iron pipe into the side of the wet well at Gwinnett
Street Station. The station and the main series of wells were
constructed in 1891 and 1892, and the complete system was put
into service March 21, 1893. (See plan of layout, Fig. 1.)
RIVER STATION
River Station is situated at the foot of Stiles Avenue on the
south bank of Savannah River. It was constructed about 1887,
at the close of which year 14 artesian wells were in use. Between then and 1891 the number of wells was increased to 25,
data regarding which are given in the following table:
TABLE IRECORD OF WELLS AT RIVER STATION
Well
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
nil
t'n.iliiK
10
10
10
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
4
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
10
10
inietei- In Inch
Uft
7
7
7
OH
Air
2
2
2
43/4 l!/4
4M
43/4
43/4
43/4
4?4
43/4
43/4
43/i
43/4
7
7
1!4
1J4
l!/4
K/4
1^4
H/4
i!4
i!4
V/4
2
2
Ut'pths 111 foot
Well j I.ift
380 1 115.0
380 ! 116.5
380
380
380
380.
380
380
380
380
380
380
380
380
380
380
380
380
336
470
402
417
430
500
500
112.2
113.6
114.3
114.7
114.7
113.2
115.2
109.9
113.8
114.0
114.6
112.2
115.0
Air
iojT
104
104
105
105
105
105
106
106
103
100
103
100.6
103
104
104
Klevixtlon of well*
18.62
18.62
18.07
17.73
18.37
19.15
18.14
20.66
20.76
18.85
17.97
13.34
19.40
18.36
19.14
17.07
16,07
17.47
16.12
16.60
10.35
10.77
10.25
13.14
15.96
Point of measurement on well unknown.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 25
Several of the wells are on a 1,500-foot conduit parallel to
Stiles Avenue and the rest are on various laterals. (See plan of
layout, Fig. 2.) Certain wells were cut out and parts of the conduits were closed early in 1915. In December, 1915, thirteen
wells were in operation. The station is equipped with two compound duplex Worthington pumps, one of 5,000,000-gallon and
one of 7,500,000-gallon capacity, and one 7,500,000-gallon IngersolI-Rand air compressor.* This station has been operated during
the day and at other times as required since January 15, 1909,
as an auxiliary to Gwinnett Street Station..
CONSUMPTION OF WATER
The total annual, average daily, and per capita consumption
per 24 hours for the period 1886-1914, inclusive, according to
. the pumping records of the water department are shown in table
2, on next page. The figures here and elsewhere have been
.Tounded off for ease in comparison.
Capacities given by superintendent of waterworks.
26 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
TABLE 2TOTAL ANNUAL, AVERAGE DAILY, AND
PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION FOR 24 HOURS
OF WATER IN GALLONS, 1886 TO
1914, INCLUSIVE
Tear
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
Total
consumption
(million gallons)
1,882.3
2,086.4
2,135.8
2,435.7
2,426.6
2,394.6
2,445.5
2,448.2
2,402.7
2,402.6
2,253.2
2,184.0
2,295.0
2,199.4
2,200.5
2,307.2
2,748.2
3,119.4
2,809.4
3,220.4
3,275.0
3,144.5
3,337.1
3,863.9
3,744.1
3,957.4
3,619.6
3,497.8
3,624.1
Average dally
consumption
(mllfion gallons)
5.16
5.72
5.84
6.67
6.65
6.56
6.68
6.71
6.58
Per Capita Consumtion Per
24 Hours*
Gallons
135
145
143
159
154
148
147
144
138
6.58 [ 135
6.16 124
5.98 118
6.29 121
6.03 113
6.03 i 111
6.32 1 14
7.53 . 133
8.55 : 149
7.68 ' 131
8.82 148
8.97 148
8.62 ; 139
9.12 : 145
10.59 165
10.26
10.84
9.89
158
164
147
9.58 | 140
9.93 143
Estimates of population based on U. 8. Censuses for 1880, 1890. 1900,
and 1910.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 27
The figures in table 3 indicate that the population of the city
has increased by 11,000 to 12,000 per decade since 1880; consequently, the population year by year during the period 1886-1914,
inclusive, has been estimated, for calculating the average daily
per capita consumptions shown in table 2, on the reasonable assumption that the annual growth has been as regular as the
growth per decade. These estimates of population are considerably smaller than those noted at various times in the reports of
the superintendent of waterworks, but this difference does not
influence their usefulness in comparing year with year.
TABLE 3.Population of Savannah in census years.*
1880 __________ .________ 30,709
1890 ___________________ 43,189
1900 ____________________ 54,244
1910 ___________________ 65,064
The regular increase of population has not been reflected in
a regular increase in consumption of water, as the figures in
table 2 show. This difference is clearly shown by fig. 3. Several
normal factors that have affected consumption may be mentioned: (I) great consumption during fires; (2) great consumption
during extraordinarily cold spells; and (3) sudden annual increases because of extension of house drainage. It is impossible to make exact allowance for all these effects without intimate daily knowledge of the Operation of the plant. Yet, even
with reasonable allowance for these effects, the daily consumption of water has fluctuated much more than is usual in a city of
regular growth, and comparison of the consumption with the
history of the works leads to some significant inferences. After
the establishment of the ground-water system at River Station
the consumption per capita per 24 hours increased to 159 gallons in 1889, while the number of wells was being increased
from 14 in 1887 to 23 at the end of 1889. The slight fall in consumption in 1890 was attributed by the superintendent of the
waterworks to operation of the small pump while the large one
Census of 1910, voL 1. p. 84.
28 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
was being repaired; that is, it was due, not to decreased de
mand, but to inability to furnish. Indeed, the superintendent
stated that "the 23 wells in operation had for some time failed
to yield an adequate supply and the deficiency was made up of
river water, which gave general dissatisfaction." After Gwinnett
Street Station was started and River Station was shut down the
average daily pumpage gradually decreased from 6,710,000 gallons in 1893 to 6,030,000 gallons in 1900, in spite of increase in
population and extension of the water mains 19 miles during
the period 1886-1900. The necessity for increased supply was
mentioned annually by the superintendent of waterworks. The
increased consumption in 1901 followed operation of the auxiliary plant at River Station; after installation of the air lift in
1902 the consumption during the first ten months of 1903 was
greater than that during the corresponding months of 1902. The
per capita consumption jumped from 114 gallons in 1901 to 133
gallons in 1902, and ranged from 131 to 149 gallons during 1903-
1908, while the Gwinnett Street Station, assisted by the air lift,
supplied most of the water. As soon as an air lift was put into
operation at River Station and the pressure throughout the entire
city was increased from 20 to 50 pounds the per capita consumption, representing the need for water plus waste, jumped to 165
gallons. Since 1909, with both stations in commission and air
lifts increasing the available supply, the average daily consumption has been nearly 10,000,000 gallons and the per capita consumption has dropped from 165 in 1909 to 143 gallons in 1914.
(See also table 4.)
Many complaints of willful waste have been noted, and the
praiseworthy diligence of the city departments in co-operation has
resulted in discovering and repairing many leaks in house connections. In consequence of a pitometer survey made early in
1912 the daily pumpage was reduced nearly 1,000,000 gallons
and the per capita consumption was reduced from 164 to 147
gallons. Yet with due allowance for such factors the foregoing
facts make it evident that the per capita consumption has been
influenced by available supply more than by any other factor.
MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
TABLE 4DAILY AVERAGE AND PERCENTAGE
INCREASE OF CONSUMPTION OF
WATER, 1891-1914
Tear
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896-1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
Increase of average daily consumption
Million gallons
a 0.09
.12
.03
a .13
.00
a .60
.31
a .26
.00
.29
1.21
1.02
a .87
1.14
.15
a .35
.50
1.47
a .33
.58
a .95
a .31
.35
Percentage
a 1.4
1.8
.4
a 1.9
.0
. a 9.1
5.2
a 4.1
.0
4.8
19.1
13.5
a 10.2
14.8
1.7
a 3.9
5.8
16.1
a 3.1
5.7
a 8.8
a 3.1
3.7
aDecrease.
The average daily consumption for the ten years, 1905-1914,
is nearly 10,000,000 gallons and the consumption per capita per
24 hours during the same decade practically 150 gallons. That
the present -rate of consumption in Savannah is high can be seen
from the rates recorded in table 5, for 12 cities of similar population and for 16 very large cities. Continued attention to leaks
and household waste will probably reduce the rate in Savannah;
yet there is constant tendency in American cities toward increase
W
30 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
in per capita consumption with extension of mains, increase of
pressure for high buildings, better irrigation of parks, and more
installation of house drainage, water closets, and bath tubs.
TABLE 5CONSUMPTION OF WATER PER CAPITA
PER 24 HOURS IN CERTAIN
AMERICAN CITIES*
City Population Per capita
consumption
I Gallons
Augusta. Ga. ____________' 41,040 231
Mobile Ala. _________.__: 51,521 194
Columbia, S. C. __________ 26,319 161
Savannah, Ga. ___________; 65,064 149
Asheville, N. C.___________! 18,762 133
Macon, Ga. _____________i 40,665 123
Galveston, Tex. __________ 36,981 108
Charleston, S. C.__________ 58,833 109
Wilmington, N. C. _________ 25,748 109
Atlanta, Ga. ____________i 154,839 105
Tampa, Fla. _____________ 46,782 I 97
Raleigh, N. C. ___________ 19,218 j 91
Jacksonville, Fla. _________ 90,187 73
I
Albany, N. Y._____._____' 100,253 224
Denver, Colo. ___________ 301,408 216
Washington, D. C._________ 358,000 190
Birmingham, Ala. ________ 132,625 151
Los Angeles, Cal. ________ 319,198 144
Baltimore, Md. __________' 558,485 135
Milwaukee, Wis. __________ 373,857 128
St. Louis, Mo. ___________; 687,029 123
Boston, Mass. ___________' 670,535 118
Richmond, Va. ___________ 127,628 118
Memphis, Tenn. __________i 131,105 107
Indianapolis, Ind. _________: 233,650 97
San Francisco, Cal. ________' 465,000 . 85
Minneapolis, Minn. ________ 301,408 80.
New Orleans, La. _________I 339,075 65
St. Paul, Minn.___________ 214,744 61
Computed from data In the McGraw Waterworks Director}': McGraw Publishing Co., New York.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 31
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE GROUND
WATER
Six samples of water collected August 3, 1915, by Dr. V. H.
Bassett, were analyzed by me with the results given in table 6.
The water of Springfield well is highest in mineral content,
because of its greater content of the alkalies and the acid radicles, particularly sulphate and chloride, and consequently it is
less desirable for industrial uses. The water is very low in iron
and is no harder than the other waters. There is nothing whatever in the analysis to indicate that the mineral ingredients of
the water would be in any way detrimental to health.
Analysis 5 and 7 show that the water from the battery of
wells at River Station and that from the battery at Gwinnett
Street Station are practically alike in composition. If more wells
had been included in the composite for River Station the analysis
would undoubtedly have shown that the waters from the two
stations are practically identical. Analysis 7 shows a water somewhat higher in alkalies and sulphate but slightly lower in calcium
than No. 5: the differences, however, are very small. Both
analyses represent calcium carbonate waters of moderate mineral
content. The waters would not cause foaming and probably
would not cause corrosion in boilers. The water from Gwinnett
Street Station contains about 147 parts per million or 1.23 pounds
per thousand gallons of scale-forming constituents, and that from
River Station about 136 parts per million or 1.13 pounds per
thousand gallons. All the waters contain so little iron as to be
practically negligible in laundries, dyeworks, or households.
The waters from wells Nos. 1, 13, and 19 at River Station
are practically identical in composition. The water from well
No. 2 at River Station is slightly but definitely higher in total
solids, bicarbonate, chlorine, and sulphate. The differences may
be an indication that well No. 2 receives water from some stratum
nearer the surface than the others, though it is not impossible
that its higher mineral content is caused by the light draught on
the well during the past 4 or 5 months.
32 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
None of 'the above data have any reference whatever to
probable pollution of the waters, as they are mineral, not sanitary analyses. It may be added, however, that the mineral analyses do not indicate the presence of anything deleterious to health.
For comparison a table is added giving analyses (5), page 30;
(6) page 33; (8) the municipal, supply of Savannah from 12
wells 475 to 500+ feet deep and one well, 1,550 feet deep, by
Dr. Edgar Everhart,* of Atlanta, on a sample collected April 11,
191!, (9) the deep wells formerly the municipal supply of Savannah 500-)- feet deep, by C. F. Chandler,* on a sample collected in 1886, and (10) of Savannah River near Augusta (see
table, page 69). The analyses of the well waters-show fair agreement, the differences doubtless being caused by uncertain admixture of the more highly mineralized water from the deep well.
Refer to U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 341, pp. 191, 192.
TABLE 5ANALYSES OF WATER FROM SAVANNAH WATERWORKS
PARTS PER MILLION
Constituents I 6
Total solids at 180 C._ __
Silica (Si02 ) __
Iron (Fe) ______
Calcium (Ca) _ ____
Magnesium (Mg) __ _ _'_
Sod. and potassium (Na-f-K)
Carbonate radicle (COa ) _
Bicarbonate radicle (HCO3 )
Sulphate radicle (SOJ _
Chlorine (Cl) _____
Nitrate radicle (NO8 )
Total hardness as CaCO: , __
186
5.2
120
13
6.5
.15
81
204
4.8
134
26
9.8
Tr.
82
177
5.8
115
11
5.0
Tr.
81
172
4.8
115
10
5.1
.15
84
176
52
.04
28
7.7
13
5.4
119
10
6.5
.10
84
292
34
.04
18
13
67
6.0
156
39
44
.15
83
183
53
.03
24
7.4
18
5.0
119
15
6.4
.10
82
1. Well No. 1. River Station.
2. Well No. 2, River Station.
3. Well No. 13, River Station.
4. Well No. 10, River Station.
5. Pump vat at end of tunnel, Gwlnnett Street Station.
6. Outlet of Springfield Well, Gwlnnett Street Station.
7. Composite of equal parts of Nos. 1, 2, 3, ana 4.
Samples collected August 3, 1915, by Dr. V. H. Bassett, bacteriologist
of the City of Savannah; analyses by R. B. Dole.
o
fd
w *d
o $a HI
TABLE 6ANALYSES OF WATER FROM SAVANNAH WATERWORKS(Concluded)
PARTS PER MILLION
______ _ Constituents J 5
Total dissolved solids at 180" C.__7____~_________| 176
Silica (SiO.,) _____________________ 52
Iron (Fe) ______________________ .01
Calcium (Ca) __________..________ 28
Magnesium (Mg) _________.._________ 7.7
Sodium and potassium (Na+K)___________ 13
Carbonate radicle (CO.,)______________ 5.4
Bicarbonate radicle (HCO,)_____________ 119
Sulphate radicle (SO.,) __________.____ 10
Nitrate radicle (NO,) _________________ .10
Chlorine (Cl) _________.__._.________ 6.5
Organic and volatile matter_____________________
Turbidity _____________________________________
Suspended matter ______________..._._
Co-efficient of fineness of suspended matter,- .__ _
292
34
.04
18
13
67
6.0
156
39
.15
44
8
220
58
1.0
26
10
17
2.0
170
8.0
.4
7.0
9
"a229
55
b .4
25
7.2
11.7
11
2.2
11
9.9
10_
60
23
.44
5.7
.8
12
.0
30
6.0
.6
2.1
172
142
.77
aAt 100" C.
bl*62O3-f-A12O3. Trace of phosphate (PCM).
r.. Pump V. at end of tunnel, Owinnett Street Station.
G. Outlet of Springfield Well, Gwlnnctt Street Station.
S. Municipal supply of Savannah, 12 wells 470 to GOO-I- feet deep find 1 well 1,550 feet deep; collected April 11, 1911;
analysis by Dr. Edgar Everhart, Atlanta, Gu.
0. Deep wells former municipal supply of Savannah, 500+ t'cet deep; sample ciillectetl in 1886, C. P. Chandler, analyst.
10. Average composition of the water of Savannah Hiver near Augusta. Ga.
o
73
X
X
.a
w"0
o
MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT 35
COST OF OPERATION OF WATERWORKS
Tables 7, 8, and 9 give the cost of maintenance and operation, respectively, of Gwinnett Street Station from 1893 to 1914,
of River Station from 1890 to 1914, and of the waterworks system
exclusive of pumping stations from 1890 to 1914, and these
charges are summarized in table 10, which shows also the total
cost per million gallons of the water supply. These tables have
been compiled from the statements of bills passed by the superintendent of waterworks as printed in the annual reports, and as
it has not been possible accurately to analyze each item, the compilation should be regarded as approximate, though it is probably
near enough to the correct values to serve as a basis for estimates.
In the reports of the superintendent of waterworks the salaries
of superintendent, clerks in the waterworks office, and inspectors
were charged to River Station prior to 1893, and thereafter till
1914 to Gwinnett Street Station. The amount to be deducted for
these salaries, estimated from the analyzed costs for 1914, has
been deducted from the reported salaries for Gwinnett Street Station. All charges for "improvements" have been charged to general upkeep of the waterworks, and all charges for new construction have been segregated so far as they could be identified in
table 11.
Table 12 gives the statement of earnings and expenditures
of the waterworks department. The expenditures include all
items of operation, maintenance, and construction except the
initial cost of the two pumping stations, one of which cost $420,-
000. That the waterworks has increased the revenues of the
city by more than $1,000,000 since 1885 and has increased them
more than $60,000 every year since 1910 and that no sinking
fund for waterworks has been maintained are facts that should
not be forgotten in giving consideration to the cost of improvements now needed.
TABLE 7ANNUAL COST OF MAINTENANCE AND OPERATION OF GWINNETT
STREET STATION, 1893-1914
Year
f!893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
$1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
Salaries*
$ 11,606.67
9,606.51
10,270.42
11,341.04
10,890.34
10,700.53
11,073.14
11,336.17
9,472.97
9,451.42
9,712.92
12,796.31
14,610.98
14,690.10
14,238.17
14,601.59
17,879.89
16,424.02
17,520.75
16,201.83
21,120.19
14,087.75
Fuel and
supplies
$ 10,997.58
6,966.04
7,734.12
7,637.37
8,647.81
7,542.61
7,210.59
6,581.99
7,030.28
11,659.61
25,543.11
10,180.85
13,208.80
17,205.69
16,273.16
15,766.77
19,408.01
16,865.76
17,947.84
20,509.24
21,419.02
19,415.14
Repairs
$ 3,332.76
2,038.35
1,445.60
473.80
5,336.79
1,124.13
696.02
3,846.80
1,051.84
1,507.58
2,681.00
2,127.50
353.80
934.08
1,272.05
1,289.66
1,271.30
5,661.34
1,322.91
665.09
668.07
2,072.89
Incidentals
$ 152.65
12.00
225.72 '
1,801.78
1,129.76
505.51
285,19
94.75
232.06
116.83
340.74 -
721.75
1,138.07
1,077.35
694.13
695.89
785.99
722.16
500.79
403.98
325.10
-
Total
f$ 26,089.66
18,622.90
19,675.86
21,252.99
26,004.70
19,872.78
19,264.94
$ 21,859.71
17,787.15
22,735.44
38,277.77
25,826.41
29,311.65
33,907.22
32,477.51
32,353.91
39,345.19
39,673.28
37,292.29
37,780.14
43,532.38
35,575.78
Estimated by subtracting an estimate of overhead salaries,
tlncludlng operation of River Station about 70 days.
^Including operation of River Station 1,000 hours.
TABLE 8ANNUAL COST OF MAINTENANCE AND OPERATION OF RIVER
STATION, 1890-1914
Year
*1890
1891
*1892
1893-1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
Salaries
$ 7,100.83
8,007.00
8,314.66
6,227.24
5,601.80
6,438.42
8,148.75
9,484.50
8,682.60
Fuel and
supplies
$ 10,453.90
9,982.91
11,145.80
4,556.71
2,418.59
4,846.74
3,481.91
5,064.43
4,529.21
Repairs
$ 8,876.90
8,121.01
5,234.34
2,059.50
x
441.08
471.70
139.18
62.98
476.31
198.83
280.48
446.18
1
Incidentals 1 Total
$ 1 15.85
98.75
48.74
156.35
228.75
181.47
172.62
184.45
168.50
$ 26,547.48
26,209.67
24,743.54
t
2,215.85
1,333.74
t
2,485.65
2,580.51
441.08
471.70
11,151.88
8,264.84
11,934.09
12,013.94
14,997.91
13,657.99
JBstimatert by subtracting an estimate of overhead salaries.
f.Station shut flown except for 1,000 hours' operation in 1893, cost of which Is included under Gwinnett Street Station.
JCost of operation for about 70 days included under Gwinnett Street Station.
u
00
TABLE 9ANNUAL COST OF GENERAL MAINTENANCE AND OPERATION OF
WATERWORKS
Year
1S90
1891
181)2
ISM
1894
1X95
1890
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
Salaries*
? 5,500.00 r>,!ioo.oo
6,000.00
6,000.00
6,000.00
6,500.00
c.noo.oo
G.GOO.OO
7,000.00
7,000.00
7,000.00
7,500.00
7,1500.00
7,500.00
8,000.00
8,000.00
8,000,00
8.GOO.OO
8,500.00
9,000.00
9,000.00
9,000.00
12,150.00
12,150.00
12,186.79
Extensions
$ 5,594.78
12,262.41
4,437.11
6,973.21
12,243.66
8,352.58
9,954.78
12,555.01
11,910.20
1,736.00
3,400.63
2,367.28
3,969.78
11,803.92
C.068.02
6,889.16
5,935.59
1,927.03
1,220.30
8,896.15
6,416.57
9,755.09
5,358.65
4,867.94
11,790.50
Improvements
? 1,292. nr>
409.20
1,995.68
9,530.94
2,204.24
1,549.59
2,516.68
829.92
1,261.11
613.33
11.85
156.50
41.15
1,568.93
105.00
58.68
220.35
6,227.24
4,364.84
348.85
1,812.03
302.57
3,838.00
Meters
$ 4.4,-,
84.88
9.40
4,363.28
4.32
.34
2.51
544.35
975.25
2,421.55
3,190.00
1,601.88
293.91
1,042.25
Other charges
$ 861.65
503.17
632.33
752.11
725.12
558.13
835.86
643.15
tl3,396.27
631.33
591.54
90.91
13.09
504.83
823.31
1,140.08
975.40
787.39
J4.810.32
1,057.61
2,472.04
Total
$13,253.53
18,674.78
11,154.32
15,730.40
28,499.72
17,614.95
23,203.51
22,214.84
33,136.39
10,628.44
11,609.82
9,970.38
11,641.88
19,345.07
15,636.95
14,994.16
13,994.27
11,152.21
11,087.96
26,238.72
23,178.36
23,081.33
25,732.88
18,672.03
31,329.58
O *9
en
w *a
o
Estimated.
(Includes extra charges for water service to Seventh Army Corps.
^Includes $3,554.35 for pltometer survey.
TABLE 10TOTAL COST OF MAINTENANCE AND OPERATION OF WATERWORKS,
1890-1914, INCLUSIVE
Year .
1890
1891
1892
ISJ93
1S94
1895
1896
1897
1898
1S99
1900
1901
1902
1903
1994
1905
190B
1907
1908
1909
1D10
1911
1912
' J913
1914
Total annual cost
Gwtnnett
Street
Station
$ 26,089.66
18.622.90
19,675.86
21,252.99
26,004.70
19,872.78
19,264.94
t 21,859.71
17,787.15
22,735.44
38,277.77
25.826.41
29,311.65
33,907.22
32,477.51
32,353.31
39,345.19
39,673.28
37,292.29
37,780.14
43,532.38
35,575.78
River
Station
$ 26,547.48
26,209.67
24,743.54

2,215.85
1,333.74
2,485.65
2,580.51
t 441.08
t 471.70
11,151.88
8,264.84
11,934.09
12,013.94
14,997.91
13,657.99
General
$ 13,253.53
18,674.78
11,154.32
15,730.40
28,499.72
17,614.95
23,203.51
22,214.84
33,136.39
10,628.44
11,609.82
9,970.38
11,641.88
19,345.07
15,636.95
14,994.16
13,994.27
11,152.21
11,087.96
26,238.72
23,178.36
23,081.33
25,732.88
18,672.03
31,329.58
Total
$ 39,801.01
44,884.45
35,897.86
41,820.06
47,122.62
37,290.81
44,456.50
48,219.54
55,226.02
31,227.12
33,469.53
30,243.18
36,957.83
58,063.92
41,935.06
44,305.81
47,901.49
43.629.72
43,441.87
76,735.79
71,116.48
72.307.71
75,526.96
77,202.32
80,563.35
Cost per million gallons of water pumped
Gwinnett
Street
Station
$10.66
7.75
8.19
9.43
11.97
8,66
8.76 .
t 9.93
7.71
9.69
12.27
9.19
9.10
10.35
10.32
9.70
11.25
11.38
10.36
11.35
13.58
10.92
River
Station
$10.94
10.94
10.11
62.07
10.28
6.41 '
30.55
31,81
33.35
41,44
51.50
37.30
General
$ 5.46
7.80
4.56
6.42
11.86
7.33
10.29
10.13
14.44
4.83
5.28
4.32
4.24
6.20
5.67
4.66
4.27
3.55
3.32
6.79
6.19
5.81
7.11
5.34
8.65
Total
$16.40
18.74
14.67
17.0S
19.61
15.52
19.72
22.10
24.06
14.20
15.21
13.11
13.45
18.61
14.93
13.76
14.62
13.87
13.02
19.86
18.99
18.27
20.87
22.07
22.23
* Including operation of River Station about 70 days.
f Including operation of River Station 1,000 hours.
^Station not operated; cost of maintenance ami repairs.
wx)
O
i' fi m*~i'm
, fe
TABLE 11EXPENDITURES FOR CONSTRUCTION OF WELLS AND PUMPING
STATIONS, 1890-1914
1890 Boring and connecting artesian wells at River Station _______________$ 11,792.43
1891 Boring and connecting artesian wells at River Station __________________ 2,948.17
1892 Boring and connecting artesian wells at River Station ________________ 300.00
1893 Boring and connecting artesian wells at River Station _______________ 9'3.28
1908 Extending and enlarging water mains, installing air lift & new boilers at River Sta. 41,484.83
Construction at River Station 1890-1914 ____________________$ 56,618.71
1892-95 Cost of Gwinnett Street Station complete -_____________________*$427,553.03
1895 Fountain _________________ _______________________ 497.84
1896 Electric light plant, Gwinnett Street Station __ __________________ 2,376.86
1901 Air lift for Springfield well, Gwinnett Street Station _______________ 453.11
1902 Installation of air lift system, Gwinnett Street Station _______________ 24,811.51
1903 Installation of duplicate compressor, Gwinnett Street Station ____________ 4,726.07
1904 Air lift construction, Gwinnett Street Station _____________________ 5,095.56
1905 Air lift construction, Gwinnett Street Station _____________________ 5,058.95
1909 Construction, Gwinnett Street Station _____ ___ ________ ______ 11,315.62
1910 Construction, Gwinnett Street Station _________ __________ 1,395.93
~ Capitalization of Gwinnett Street Station __________________$483,284.48
Statement of H. M. Lofton, Superintendent of Waterworks, In annual report for 1895.
o
r
w *.
o
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 41
TABLE 12RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES OF
WATERWORKS DEPARTMENT, 1886-1913*
Tear
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
Total _ .
Receipts
$ 47,903.65
47,174.33
51,975.08
54,920.68
66,010.51
67,485.12
73,359.38
72,481.77
73,648.42
75,388.37
79,953.27
79,562.61
83,392.45
84,700.68
90,497.60
93,626.14
96,768.18
98,862.02
104,102.00
108,011.34
109,304.61
114,311.68
1 16,340.54
122,981.41
125,939.91
133,136.77
137,191.17
143,571.37 1
Expenditures
$ 30.012.30
49,803.40
39,770.57
43,520.91
52,426.04
50,081.64
^36,211.13
41,880,89
49,251.70
57.163.81
65,317.36
48,280.39
52,906.63
31,313.35
33,482.13
30,841.93
61,677.30
62,849.91
47,030.62
49,364.76
47,901.49 .
43,629.72
84,926.84
87,852.12
72,512.41
72,327.71
75,526.96
77,202.32
Surplus
$ 17,891.35
t
12,204.51
11,399.77
13,584.47
17,403.48
37,148.25
30,600.88
24,396.72
18,224.56
14,635.91
31,282.22
30,485.82
53,387.33
57,015.47
63,784.21
35,090.88
36,012.11
57,071.38
58,646.58
61,403.12
70,681.96
31,413.70
35,129.29
53,427.50
60,809.06
61,664.21
66,369.05
$1,060,534.72
Record of receipts and expenditures 1S86-1S94, Inc., taken from annual report superintendent of waterworks; 1895-1904, inc., from report for
1904; 1905-1913. inc.. from annual reports.
fDeflclt, $629.07.
^Exclusive of construction of Gwinnett Street Station, about $420,000.
42 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
YIELD AND STATIC LEVEL OF WELLS
The elevation to which the deep water rises at Savannah is
vitally important in estimating the future yield of the ground supply, as the cost of lifting the water increases with the depth to it.
The recorded measurements prove that the cost of obtaining the
supply has gradually increased to a high figure chiefly through
the effect of local drawdown on the water level. As the probable future yield of the present wells and those that it is proposed to drill depends on this factor it is discussed in as much
detail as the measurements permit.
DECREASE OF FLOW AT GWINNETT STREET
STATION
The water in the first well bored in the vicinity of Savannah
(prior to 1887) stood at a static level of 41 feet above sea level*
(mean low tide). Subsequent wells of various depths in a wide
range of adjacent territory showed practically the same level, but
after a number of wells had been bored the static level of inter-,
mediate wells became lower. In 1890, with a daily pumpage of
6,000,000 gallons from a battery of one 10-inch, one 4-inch, and
twenty 6-inch wells at River Station the static level there was 7
feet above sea level: at Springfield well, 10,000 feet south of
River Station, at the same time and before any continuous pumping had been done there, it was 28 feet (exactly 27.67) above
sea level; and at a point 9 miles south of River Station it was
41 feet, the original level. It should be noted, however, that
the wells at River Station were irregularly spaced and arranged,
were close together, and were connected to a long leaky cast-iron
suction pipe laid to no grade.
In 1890 and 1891 the flow of Springfield well, about 2,000
feet east of Gwinnett Street Station, was measured by Mr. Johnston at different levels of outflow with the results given in table
13. When the air lift was installed for Springfield well in July,
This and following data regarding early conditions abstracted chiefly
from an article by T. T. Johnston, consulting engineer, on the artesian
water supply of Savannah: Eng. News, vol. 29, pp. 527-529, 1S93.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 43
1901, the yield by flow without air was 566,720 gallons and the
yield by forcing with air was 1,210,464 gallons*, or slightly less
than the natural flow in 1890 with an outlet 20.57 feet above sea
level. The flow decreased 442,870 gallons, or 43 per cent, in
four years, from 1893 to 1897.
TABLE 13FLOW OF SPRINGFIELD WELL
Year
1890
1891
,
1897
1901
Elevation of
outlet above
sea level.
Feet
27.67
25.67
22.77
20.57
13.00
24.40
22.68
21.80
21.79
7.00
7.00 (?)
7.00 (?)
Flow.
Gallons per 24 hours
No flow
482,000
1,000,000
. 1,360,000
2,500,000
623,000
977,000
1,133,000
1,172,000
f 3,000,000
1,019,590
t 566,720
t Estimated; not measured.
JAnn. rept. supt. of waterworks for 1901.
When the first seven wells at Gwinnett Street Station were
put into operation in December, 1892, on an 1,800-foot conduit
and with an elevation in the wet well 8 feet above sea level, they
flowed 6,500,000 gallons per 24 hours, and the static levels in
wells 10, 11, and 12 were respectively, 14.93, 15.96, and 16.20
feet above sea level, according to measurements by Mr. Johnston.
On March 21, 1893, when all 12 wells were put into service, with
the same level in the wet well the total flow was 9,500,000 gallons per 24 hours. In 1897, the flow of each well was measured,
with the results given in table 14.
Ann. rept. supt. waterworks for 1901.
TABLE 14FLOW OF WELLS AT GWINNETT STREET STATION IN 1897-
Well
No. 1
No. 2
No. 3
No. 4
No. 5
No. 6
No. 7
Flow. Gallons per 24 hours
713,460
460.460
543,950
361,790
485,760
293,480
452,870
Well
No. 8
No. 9
No. 10
No. 11
No. 12
Springfield well
Plow.
Gallons per
24 hours
452,870
399,740
468,050
371,910
485,760
5,490,100
1,019,590
o
X
X
c
> r1
w
T)
O
Stephenson, ti. W,, and Veatch, J. O,, Underground waters of the Coastal Plain of Georgia:
Water-Supply Paper 341,p. 187, 1915.
TJ. S. Geol. Survey
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 45
These measurements show that wells 4, 6, and 11 flowed
much less than the others in the battery. The wells were then
back-flushed by forcing into them strong reverse flows. This resulted in radical improvement, the net gain in flow being 100,000
gallons a day on well No. 2, and 200,000 gallons a day on well
No. 4. The flow of well No. 6 on May 12 and May 18 before
flushing was, respectively, 295,000 and 304,000 gallons per 24
hours. The flow on May 18, 19, 20, and 24, after flushing, was
respectively, 433,000, 395,000, 400,000, and 389,620 gallons per
24 hours. An 8-inch main was then laid along the row of 12
wells and connected with each through a 6-inch pipe and gate
so that any well could be flushed at will. It is understood that
the wells were flushed and measured regularly from 1897 to
1901. In 1900 the increase by flushing was 746,603 gallons per
24 hours, and in 1901 the increase was only 430,100 gallons per
24 hours and was temporary. Table 15 summarizes the available
measurements of flow.
TABLE ISFLOW OF BATTERY OF 12 WELLS AT
GWINNETT STREET STATION IN
GALLONS PER 24 HOURS
Tear
March 21, 1893
1897
f!900
|1901
Aueust 15. 1901
Before flushing
9,500,000
5,590,100
5,104,275
5,229,980
After flushing
*5,900,000
5,850,878
5,660,080
**4.908.080
Approximate yield after flushing 3 wells.
tU. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 341, p. 1SS.
tAnn. rept. supt. of waterworks for 1901.
Result of a second test made an unknown number of days after
flushing.
46 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
The daily yield of the battery of 12 wells at Gwinnett Street
Station decreased 4,009,900 gallons between 1893 and 1897,
equivalent to an average decrease each year of 1,000,000 gallons. Between 1897 and 1900 the daily flow before flushing decreased 385,825 gallons, equivalent to an average decrease each
year of 129,000 gallons; the daily yield after flushing decreased
only 50,000 gallons a day in the same period. The flow before
flushing in 1901 was 125,705 gallons a day greater than that before flushing in 1900, but the ultimate yield after flushing was
942,798 gallons a day less than that after flushing in 1900. According to the annual report of the superintendent of waterworks the natural flow of the 13 wells (including Springfield well)
at Gwinnett Street Station in August, 1902, was 5,147,380 gallons a day and it was then increased to 10,305,336 gallons a day
by operation of the air lift. From then till October, 1915, no
measurements of the supply were reported, except a statement in
the annual report of the waterworks department for 1913 to the
effect that a recent test of the Fire Underwriters had shown that
the wells would yield a flow of 18,000,000 gallons a day. As the
total daily flow of the 13 wells in 1901 was 5,474,800 gallons the
decrease in the daily flow during the following year was 327,420
gallons.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 47
YIELD OF WELLS, GWINNETT STREET STATION,
, OCTOBER, 1915
On October 18, 1915, a test of the yield of the 13 wells at
Gwinnett Street Station was made by the chief engineer with
the results given in table 16.
TABLE 16YIELD OF WELLS, GWINNETT STREET
STATION, OCTOBER 18, 1915
Duration of test______________ 60 minutes
Total revolutions of pump*________ 1,450
Range of speed of pump__________ 23.6325.00 R. P. M
Range of speed of compressor______ 77.5-80 R. P. M.
Range of air pressure at compressor__ 55.50-57.50 pounds
Av. capacity of wet well per inch of depth 836 gallons
Fall of water in wet well in 60 minutes_ 9 inches
Equivalent fall in gallons per hour_______ 7,524 gallons
Pumpage in one hour___________ 652,500 gallons
Yield of wells in one hour________ 644,976 gallons
Equivalent yield in 24 hours______ 15,500,000 gallons
Holly compound duplex pump, 40-inch stroke. 30-inch cylinders, 5-
Inch piston rods; 450 gallons per revolution with allowance for slippage.
48 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
During this test the air pressure was 8.5 to 10.5 pounds or
about 20 per cent, greater than during the measurements of
drawdown on December 10-1 1, and consequently the yield of the
wells was greater than during the later test. The water raised
into the conduit flowed continuously into the wet well, from which
it was removed continuously by the pump. The test shows that
the 13 wells will yield water for one hour at the rate in round
numbers of 15,500,000 gallons per 24 hours. If the rate of
drawdown is not excessively greater than that observed at River
Station during a similar test it may reasonably be concluded that
the 13 wells at Gwinnett Street Station may furnish 15,000,000
gallons in 24 hours. It is unsafe to conclude, however, that this
continuous draft could be maintained for an indefinite period, as
the following discussion of drawdown demonstrates.
DRAWDOWN AND RECOVERY OF WELLS, GWINNETT STREET STATION, DECEMBER, 1915
On December 10-11, 1915, the drawdown of two wells under
normal conditions of pumpage was measured at the request of
the writer under the supervision of the chief engineer, with the
results indicated in table 17.
TABLE 17WATER LEVEL UNDER WORKING CONDITIONS AT GWINNETT ST.
STATION, DECEMBER 10-11, 1915. OBSERVATIONS MADE UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE CHIEF ENGINEER OF THE CITY OF SAVANNAH
d
.S*3
t
a w
a o
o
13
S
9:15
10:15
11:15
12:15
1:15
2:15
3:15
4:15
5:15
6:15
7:15
8:15 9'15
c
o
lot.
c <o
rtt!
fi*
goS~
^
K"a
Qis
Feet.
26.60
27.20
26.00
26.50
26.55
26.70
26.85
26.90
26.23
27.00
26.75
26.10
22.30
10:15)21.85
$ >
4-* s7sJS 1-1
>iQj
P <U
M
Oipg
ISin
Feet.
11.47
12.07
10.87
11.37
11.42
11.57
11.72
11.77
11.10
11.87
&
|
A
(a)
3
449,041
449,950
450,850
451,756
452,675
453,625
453,553
455,427
456,279
457,130
11.62l458,Q13
10.97
7.17
6.72
458,874
459,703
460,509
a

P.
%-< o
a
ra
r.p.m.
15.15
15.0
15.10
15.32
15.83
15.47
14.57
14.20
14.18
14.71
14.35
13.82
13.43
13.25
L.
3
O
b*0)
a
S
1
S
Gallons.
409,000
405,000
407,700
413,600
427,500
co"
'.
v"
rt o
^0
*-< *rt
w"^
oil
Feet.
5.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
417,600) 5.9
393,300
383,400
383,000
397,400
387,400
373,000
362,700
357,800
5.9
5.9
5.9
6.0
6.6
6.6
6.0
5.0
_
1
fc.
1

'o
I
10:30
11:30
p. m. 12:30
1.30
2:30
3:30
4:30
5:30
6:30
7:30
8:30
9:30
10:30
1 1 :30
e
o
E-iJ
o
|S
V* f-i
So
5?
Feet.
15.7
15.65
15.70
15.75
15.95
16.23
16.23
15.95
16.15
16.10
15.90
14.80
14.3
14.05
C C*>
t- cj
"2*1
"n"*
"rt
^
o o *.i ^ ^ ,*fi
cd o w
SlSft
Feet.
0.1
.01
.09
.14
_ 34
- '.62
.62
.34
.54
.49
.29
+ .81
+ 1.31
+ 1.56
TABLE 17WATER LEVEL UNDER WORKING CONDITIONS AT GWINNETT ST.
STATION, DECEMBER 10-11, 1915. OBSERVATIONS MADE UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE CHIEF ENGINEER OF THE CITY OF SAVANNAH
c
a
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Ifi
o
a
H
c
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co>
g
So&
$3
3-
Qis
| Feet.
11.15
Dec. 11 1 12:15
a.m.j 1:15
2:15
3:15
4:15
5:15
6:15
7:15
8:15
9:15
21.75
21.80
22.00
21.90
21.85
21.80
21.70
21.65
26.00
26.85
27.40
l
OI*7J
aj VI * &JJJ
*|
Wi2
r,$
_,
H
S
a
o
M
Feet. |
6.62
6.67
6.87
6.77
6.72
6.67
6.57
6.52
461,304
462,070
462,810
463,540
464,668
464,990
465,720
466,465
10.87467,294
11.72:468,195
12.271469,103
G
3
C. 'o
a
<o
&
r.p.m.
12.77
12.33
12.17
18.80
5.37
12.17
12.42
13.82
15.02
^
3
O
,C
I*
S
8
a
P,
g
ft
(Gallons.
344,700
333,000
328,500
507,600
144,900
328,500
335,200
373,000
405,400
15.13|408,600
"'c "
o"*
iC <U
rtn
||
^3
"l
0*"
QSs
Feet.
4.9
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
4.3
5.6
_ _-. - .
o
rt
V Cft
o
"8
01
S
Dec. 11 a. m. 12:30
1:30
2:30
3:30
4:30
5:30
6:30
7:30
8:30
9:30
10:30

V**
tcS
cm
2
oe
|o
to 3
Q&
Feet.
13.90
13.85
13.75
13.70
13.60
13.55
13.75
15.00
15.40
15.60
13.70
fTo"" ""^"M
C rt
flJ.M 3
"" M ft
^S
g/,^
&3
Feet.
+ 1.71
+ 1.76
+ 1.86
+ 1.91
+ 2.01
+ 2.06
+ 1.86
+ .61
+ .21
+ .01
+ 1.91
NOTE The flange on Well No. C Is 15.13 feet and the flange on Well No. 13 (Sprlngflclcl well) Is 15.61 feet above low water at Fort Pulashl, The compressor was started at a spreil of 70 R, P. M. with a pressure at the receiver of 47 pounds iiei- square Inch and was thereafter operated at a speed to Rive approximately a constant depth in the wet well. The total pumpaKC during the 24 hours was 9,027,itOO gallons.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 51
Well No. 6, the 6th in line from the station and about the
middle of the series of 12 wells spaced 300 feet apart, was uncapped and shut off and the depth of water measured hourly for
24 hours. Well No. 13 (Springfield well) about 1,840 feet east
southeast of well No. 1 and 2,125 feet southeast of well No. 6,
also was uncapped and tested. The total pumpage during the
24-hour test was 9,027,900 gallons at various rates, and the water
in the wet well ranged in depth above suction from 6.0 feet at
10 a. m. to 6.6 feet at 8 p. m. to 4.3 feet from midnight till 7
a. m. As each inch of depth is equivalent to 836 gallons this
range represents a total difference of 23,000 gallons in content of
wet well during the test. As the greatest depth occured at the
time of greatest pumpage, however, the fluctuation of draft in relation to drawdown may be compared with rate of pumpage; and
the difference is more or less negligible because the equivalent
capacity of one inch depth of the wet well is somewhat less than
the equivalent displacement of two revolutions of the pump.
The relation between draft and drawdown is graphically and
clearly shown in fig. 4. While the pumpage ranged from 385,000
to 430,000 gallons an hour between 9:15 a. m. and 8:15 p. m.,
December 10, the water level in well No. 6, in the vicinity of
greatest draft, was 10.8 to 12.1 feet below sea level, and the
water level fluctuated promptly with any change in rate, as the
rises at 11:15 a. m. and 5:15 p. m. indicate. During the same
period the water level in well No. 13, about 2,000 feet from the
nearest well under draft, was 0.0 to 0.8 feet below sea level and
showed less fluctuation with changes of rate of pumping, though
the fluctuations are apparent and concordant. After 8:15 p. m.
while the rate of pumpage was being reduced the water level in.
Well No. 6 rose rapidly to 6.6 feet below sea level and ranged
between 6.5 feet and 6.8 feet till 6:15 a. m., December 11, after
which it immediately dropped to 10.9 and then to 12.2 feet below
sea level as the rate of pumpage increased. Meanwhile the level
in well No. 13 recovered to 2.1 feet above sea level. The apparent enormous change in rate of pumpage between 2:15 and
1:15 a. m., Dcember 11, is obviously due to error in reading the
52 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
counter at 3:15 a. m. and the true pumpage during this 2-hour
period is indicated by the dotted line in fig. 4.
This comparison shows that (1) with an average pumpage
of 400,000 gallons an hour with 11 wells in operation the average
water level in the vicinity of greatest draft was 11.6 feet below
sea level; (2) with an average pumpage of 340,000 gallons an
hour the average water level was 6.7 feet below sea level; (3)
with an average pumpage of 380,000 gallons an hour the average
water level was 11.6 feet below sea level. That is, an increased
draft of 40,000 to 60,000 gallons an hour on the 11 wells depressed the average water level in the vicinity of greatest draft
3.9 feet. This is a very important point for the cost of raising
the water increases with the depth to water.
These measurements also show the marked effect of local
drawdown. While the average level in well No. 6 was 11.6 feet
below sea level, the average level in well No 13, about 2,000 feet
eastsoutheast and southeast of the zone of greatest draft, was
0.4 foot below sea level, and the average level at River Station,
10,600 feet north of Gwinnett Street Station, was 6 feet above
sea level under intermittent resting conditions. At night, while
the average level in well No. 6 was 6.7 feet below sea level, the
average level in well No. 13 was 1.7 feet above sea level and at
River Station was 8:8 feet above sea level after 12 hours' rest.
At 9:15 a. m., December 11, the water level of well No. 6 was
12.27 feet below sea level, that of well No. 13 at Gwinnett Street
was 0.1 foot above sea level, and that of well No. 13 at River
Station after a night's rest was 9.21 feet above sea level.
These differences all together show that the heavy continuous draft along the line of 12 wells at Gwinnett Street Station
has resulted in an average total depression there to a point 8.4
feet lower than at Springfield well 2,000 feet away, and 15.5 feet
lower than at River Station about 11,000 feet away. This very
striking result of local overdraft on the waterbearing stratum
shows that the increased draft following the operation of 8 new
wells near Gwinnett Street Station will cause still greater drawdown and will therefore increase the cost of pumpage. The
drawdown can not be exactly predicted but it will probably be to
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 55
about 16 feet below sea level in this vicinity with an increased
continuous draft of 3,000,000 gallons per 24 hours for 2 or 3
years.
DRAWDOWN AT RIVER STATION, JULY, 1915
According to tests made at River Station in 1915, between
11 a. m. and 9:15 p. m., July 13, while the compressor was operated the water level in well No. 13, which had been cut out,
ranged from 2.1 to 4.5 feet below sea level, the fluctuation being
partly due to the influence of tide in backing up the artesian
water at its ocean outlet. Forty-five minutes after the compressor
had been shut down for the day the water level in well No. 13
had recovered to 2.9 feet above sea level and in No. 8, an active
well, stood at 2.7 feet above sea level. At 6:40 a. m., July 14,
about 5 minutes before the compressor was started the water level
in well No. 13 was 5.5 feet and in well No. 8 not less than 6.9
feet above sea level. The recovery of well No. 8 was probably
greater than that, the night measurement having been made
some time after blowing was stopped. At 7:40 a. m. on the 14th
of July, 55 minutes after the compressor was started, the level in
well No. 13, still cut out, had fallen 7.0 feet, or 1.5 feet below
sea level, and at 9:55 a. m., two hours and fifteen minutes later,
had fallen 8.5 feet, or to 3.0 feet below sea level. At 5:00 p. m.,
on July 14, the level in well No. 13 was 3.5 feet below sea level.
Similarly, during the night of July 14, well No. 13 recovered 7.4
feet in two hours and fifty minutes and 8.3 feet in nine hours
and fifty minutes after shutting down, while well No. 8 recovered
at least 4 feet in ten hours. These measurements correspond to
recovery of well No. 13 during these nights to levels of 5.3 feet
and 5.5 feet above sea level. It is stated by Johnston* that the
static level at River Station was about 7 feet above sea level in
1890; that he refers to the working level under pumping and
not to the true static level after resting is made evident by the
fact that the wells flowed at that time whereas now they do not.
The measurements show that the static level in the vicinity of
Ens. News, vol. 29, p. 527, 1S93.
54 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
River Station falls 8 to 9 feet soon after the air lift is started
and rises about the same distance during the night: and that the
level while pumping is now 3 to 4 feet below sea level. These
relations are illustrated in fig. 5, and details of the measurements
were given in the preliminary report.
It is reasonable to assume that the static level is lowered
more slowly year by year, but that it has been lowered greatly
since the installation of the pumping system is beyond question,
and the water level at River Station while the compressor is
being operated is now below sea level.
YIELD OF WELLS, RIVER STATION, DECEMBER,
1915
The yield of the 13 wells now connected at River Station
was measured by the chief engineer December 7, with the results given in table 18.
TABLE 18YIELD OF WELLS, RIVER STATION,
DECEMBER 7, 1915
Duration of test_______________ 60 minutes
Total revolutions of large pump*______ 823
Range of speed of pump _____1____ 10-14.5 R. P. M.
Range of speed of compressor-_____ 100-115 R. P. M.
Range of air pressure at air tank____ 4345 pounds
Equivalent of pumpage in 24 hours____ 6,625,147 gallons
Equivalent of drawdown in reservoir in
24 hours _________________ 500,736 gallons
Equivalent yield of 13 wells in 24 hours_ 6,124,411 gallons
The speed of the compressor was gradually increased from
110 to 115 R. P. M., the water being continuously lifted into the
concrete reservoir and pumped from it. During the test the total
fall of water level in the reservoir was 8 inches. As there is
some uncertainty regarding the capacity per inch of drawdown of
Compound duplex Worthington pump, 36-inch stroke, 26%-inch
pump cylinders, 3-inch piston rods.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 55
the reservoir and regarding the pump slippage per revolution the
yield should be called roundly 6,000,000 gallons per 24 hours.
On December 11, I tested the yield, with the small pump in
continuous operation and the compressor also in continuous operation as nearly as possible at the uniform speed of 110 R. P. M.
for 92 minutes with the results given in table 19.
56 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
TABLE 19YIELD OF WELLS, RIVER STATION,
DECEMBER 11, 1915
Time
* 9.28
9.30
9.39
9.45
9.51
10.00
10.05
10.15
10.17
10.30
10.45
fll.OO
11.15
11.30
Distance from
top of reservoir
to water
Feet ' Inches
1
7 8
7 .5
_ _
5 9
-
4 10.5
4 0
3 .5
1 9.5
_ 10 '
1 3.5
2 1.5
Period
9.28 to 9.45
9.45 to 10.00
, 10.00 to 10.15
10.15 to 10.30
10.30 to 10.45
10.45 to 11.00
10.30 to 11.00
1 Speed
of pump Counter
nrt pump
R. P. M.
245,900 /
545,914 j
-
546,067

546,225

546,373
-
546,520
546,666
546,802
546,929
9.82

10.20

10.53

9.87

9.80
9.07
9.07
8.47
547,053 8.27
Air pressure
Pounds per
square in.
j:
46.5
46.0
_
46.0
45.75
45.5
45.25
-
Yield per minute
Gallons
4,750
4,200
4,420
4,200
4,690
3,940
4,310
SUMMARY :
Duration of test_____________
Total revolutions of small pump
Range of speed of pump________
Range of speed of compressor________
Range of air pressure at air tank___
Pumpage per revolution_______
Rise of reservoir in 92 minutes_______
Capacity of reservoir per inch of rise__
Pumpage in 92 minutes _____________
Increased content of reservoir in 92 min.
Yield of 12 wells in 92'minutes_____
Equivalent yield of 12 wells in 24 hrs._
Compressor started.
^Compressor stopped.
92 minutes
902
9.1-10.5 R. P. M.
109-111 R. P. M.
45.25-46.5 pounds
212 gallons
82 inches
2,627 gallons
191,224 gallons
215,414 gallons
406,638 gallons
6,360,000 gallons
MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
This test with one less well gave greater yield because the
compressor was operated continuously at greater speed instead
of having breen gradually run up to high speed as in the first
test. In other words, both tests measure the capacity of the airlift system and not necessarily the maximum yield of the wells.
The yield for any given air pressure should be studied in relation to the drawdown of the water in the wells.
The capacity of the pump was reported as 212 gallons per
revolution and two measurements of the diameter of the reservoir at different times by different persons are respectively 74.5
and 72.0 feet. The average of these diameters gives the capacity
per inch of filling of reservoir is 2,627 gallons. From 11:15 to
11:30 a. m., after the compressor had been shut down and the
water above the inlets of the well system had been removed from
the reservoir, the pump was rated by comparing the number of
revolutions with the drawdown. The drawdown was 10 inches
and the revolutions counted 124; the calculated capacity of the
pump is 211.8 gallons per revolution.
The calculated yields during the test range from 3,940 to
4,750 gallons per minute in irregular order. This fluctuation is
apparent, not real, for it is easily accounted for by errors introduced by inaccurate measurement of the water level in the
reservoir, which fluctuated wave-like while the compressor was
operated, and by lack of absolute synchronism between observations of the water level and reading the pump log. Yet the tests
show that there was no marked decrease of yield following the
marked fall of water level in the wells at the commencement of
the test.
Briefly, the tests prove that the compressor at River Station
will furnish water from 13 or 12 wells for an hour and a half at
the rate of 6,000,000 gallons per 24 hours. It may reasonably be
concluded from the record of drawdown discussed in the following
section that the 13 wells may furnish 6,000,000 gallons in 24
hours. The tests do not, however, prove that the compressor
could raise water from the wells continuously for an indefinite
period at the rate of 6,000,000 gallons per 24 hours, as the observations of drawdown will show.
58 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
DRAWDOWN AND RECOVERY AT RIVER STATION, DECEMBER 10-11, 1915
Between 8:50 a. m. and 6:15 p. m., December 10, the compressor was operated 3 times for 75 to 85 minutes each time at
2-hour intervals (series 1-3), and after no operation during the
night it was operated from 9:28 to 1 i :00 a. m., December 11
(series 4). The record in table 20 gives the drawdown and recovery during these periods as measured in well No. 13, which
was cut out for this purpose. Fig. 6 shows graphically the same
record and makes clear the causes of the fluctuation. The relative positions of the wells can be seen in Fig. 2.
TABLE 20RECORD OF DRAWDOWN AND RECOVERY, RIVER STATION, DECEMBER 10-11, INCLUSIVE, 1915
FIRST SERIES; COMPRESSOR RUN 75 MINUTES
Time After
Starting
Compressor.
Minutes
0
10
25
70
90
100
115
130
160
190
220
Depth to Water
Feet
9
17
19
20
12
11
10
10
10
9
9
Inches
4
5
3.75
7.5
3
4.5
9.5
6
.5
10.75
10.5
Drawdown ( ) or
Recovery ( + ).
Feet
8
1
_ j
+ 8
+ o
+ o
+ o
+ o
. + 0
+ 0
Inches
1>
10.75
3.75
4.5
10.5
7
3.5
5.5
1.75
.25
Drawdown ( )
or
Recovery ( + )
Per Minute.
Inches
9.7
1.5
.35
+6.7
+ 1.0
+ .47
+ .23
+ .18
+ .06
+ .01
Operation of
Compressor.
Started
Stopped at 75 minutes
VIAYOR 1
tf>
d
r1
w
s
w"*
Ol
TABLE 20RECORD OF DRAWDOWN AND RECOVERY, RIVER STATION, DECEMBER 10-11, INCLUSIVE, 1915(Continued)
SECOND SERIES; COMPRESSOR RUN 85 MINUTES
Time After
Starting
Compressor.
Minutes
0
15
30
60
80
120 .
160
220
270
Depth
Feet
9
19
19
20
21
12
11
10
10
to AVater
Inches
10.5
2
11
8.75
3.5
2
2
8.75
8.75
Drawdown
Recovery
Feet

9
0
_ o
0
+ 9
+ 1
+ 0
0
<r+v;
Inches

3.5
9
9.75
6.75
1.5
0
5.25
0
Drawdown ( )
or
Recovery ( + )
Per Minute.
Inches

_ 7 4
.6
.32
.34
+3.1
+ .3
+ .09
0
Operation of
Compressor.
Started
Stopped at 85 minutes
O
X
c|

>g
W
O
ft' ^
TABLE 20RECORD OF DRAWDOWN AND RECOVERY, RIVER STATION, DECEMBER 10-11, INCLUSIVE, 1915(Continued)
THIRD SERIES; COMPRESSOR RUN 80 MINUTES
Time After
Starting
Compressor.
Minutes
0
30
65
90
110
125
140
155
185
245
305
Depth to Water
Feet
10
20
22
14
12
12 .
11
11
10
10
10
Inches
8.75
9
9
2
9
2
10.5
7.5
7.25
1.5
1.5
Drawdown ( ) or
Recovery ( + ).
Feet
_
10
_ 2
+ 8
+ 1
+ 0
+ 0
+ o
+ 1
+ 0
0
Inches

0.25
0
7
5
7
3.5
3.0
.25
5.75
0
Drawdown ( )
or
Recovery ( + )
Per Minute.
Inches

4.0
.7
+ 10.3
+ .85
+ .47
+ .23
+ .20
+ .41
+ .10
0
Operation of
Compressor.
Started
Stopped at 80 minutes

O
2
d.
r*
M
O
3
TABLE 20RECORD OF DRAWDOWN AND RECOVERY, RIVER STATION, DECEMBER 10-11, INCLUSIVE, 1915(Continued)
FOURTH SERIES; COMPRESSOR RUN 92 MINUTES
Time After
KtnrtliiK
Minutes
0
11
20
32
46
60
74
88
98
103
108
113
118
126
133
143
152
Depth t
Peot
9
18
19
20
21
21
21
22
15
13
12
12
12
11
11
11
10
> Water
Inches
2.5
6
8.5
8
3
7
10.5
1
2
7
7
5.5
2
7
4.5
.5
10
Drawdown () or
llurovery (-I-).
1-Vot
Drawdown ()
or
Kecovery (-(-)
I'or Minute.
Inchon
Operation of
Compressor,
Inches

_ 9
1 0
_ Q
0
0
0
+ 6
-!- i
+ 1
+ 0
+ o
+ 0
+ o
+ o
+ 0
3.5
2.5
11.5
7
4
3.5
2.5
11
7
0
1.5
3.5
7
2.5
4.0
2.5
_
10.1
1.6
.96
.50
.29
.25
.18
+ 13.9
+ 3.8
+ 2.4
+ -3
+ -7 .
+ .88
+ .36
+ .40
+ .28
Started
Stopped at 92 minute;
O
en
W "d
O
MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT 63
In series 1, which began after a night's rest of the wells, the
water level in well 13 fell 9 feet 4 inches during the first 10
minutes of operation, but fell only 15.75 inches in 45 minutes
after the compressor had been running 25 minutes. In series 2,
which commenced 2 hours 25 minutes after the compressor had
been stopped in series 1, the water had not reached its former
level by 6.5 inches; the drawdown was 9 feet 3.5 inches in the
first 15 minutes but only 16.5 inches in 50 minutes, after the
compressor had been running 30 minutes. Similarly, in series 3
the water level had recovered to within 10 inches after resting 3
hours, and fell 10 feet in 30 minutes, and later only 2 feet in
35 minutes. After the wells had rested for 15 hours 13 minutes
the level had recovered practically to what it was the day before,
and the drawdown was 9 feet 3.5 inches in 11 minutes, and only
17 inches in 56 minutes after 32 minutes' operation.
The recovery is similarly abrupt and shows that the water
flows freely through large openings in the aquifer. Yet Fig. 6
shows several significant facts that must be recognized: (1) the
recovery after even short intermittent operations is not complete
for several hours; (2) the total drawdown is greater at the end
of the day than at the beginning; (3) the drawdown after 30
minutes' operation is not negligible; it was respectively 0.35,
0.33, 0.69, and 0.30 inch a minute with an air pressure of 43-46
pounds per square inch in the four tests. It was fairly regular
for three tests but doubled in the third test at the end of the day
when the wells had not had time to recover. This excess of
draft over inflow explains the gradual depression of the static
level and the mutual interference of the wells in this part of the
city, and it is a warning that excessive draft can not be put on
the wells without excessive lowering of the water level.
During the summer the compressor is often run continuously for 12 hours, but at slower speed, and the total pumpage is
2,000,000 gallons or less per 24 hours compared with this
maximum yield of 6,000,000 gallons per 24 hours. Consequently,
as the drawdown is not so rapid during the summer after the
sudden drawdown at the beginning of the operation, the aquifer
64 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
can furnish continuously the supply demanded. But it may
safely be predicted that increased continuous draft will be followed by increased continuous drawdown. This is graphically
illustrated by comparison of series 1 with the observations of
drawdown made in July, 1915 (see Fig. 5.) After a 9-foot drawdown in July the water level ranged from 20 to 22.5 feet below
the top of the casing in well No. 13 while the compressor was
operated about 13 hours; it then recovered rapidly, then more
slowly, during a rest of 10 hours, nearly to where it had been
the day before. Comparison of this with the quick drawdown
and recovery during the short operation during December, also
shown in Fig. 5, indicates the striking difference between response under continuous and that under intermittent drafts. It
should also be noted that although the drawdown in December
with intermittent draft was nearly that in summer with continued
draft, yet it is distinctly and measurably less, and the normal
water level after recovery was 3 feet higher in December than in
July. These measurements illustrate well the. limitations of the
aquifer, and the lesson drawn from them may'profitably be applied to conditions at Gwinnett Street Station where the draft is
greater and the water level is lower. Each year the drawdown is
a little greater and the recovery is a little less than the year
before and the average water level under operating conditions
becomes depressed.
GROUND-WATER LEVEL IN RELATION TO SEA
LEVEL
The observations of drawdown show that the water level at
River Station during draft is 4 feet and at Gwinnett Street Station under normal draft is 12 feet below sea level. This depression naturally brings up consideration of the ultimate danger
of obtaining brackish water through backflow of ocean water.
The observations indicate that the drawdown is local within 4 or
5 miles in a north and south direction; how the drawdown has
affected wells from Savannah eastward toward the ocean in the
direction of ground-water flow remains to be determined. On
MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT 65
December 12, Doctor Brunner and the writer visited some 20
wells east and southeast of Savannah and the general impression
was received that wells striking the same aquifer as that struck
at Savannah now head only 2 or 3 feet above sea level whereas
20 years ago some of these wells headed 30 feet or more above
sea level; furthermore that the water level decreases westward
toward the local depression at Savannah. These are impressions
that should be verified by precise measurements. The following
notes are appended regarding wells east of Savannah.
NOTES ON WELLS EAST OF SAVANNAH
1. Well at Convict Camp, 385 feet deep by 2.5 inches
diameter. Water level now 5 to 10 feet below the surface.
Daily pumpage, 4,500 gallons. Well 8 years old and never flowed.
2. Well of J. H. Myers, 8 miles south of courthouse, 385
feet deep by 3 inches diameter. Water level 5 feet below surface in summer of 1915. Well 3 years old.
3. Well of J. H. Alien, one-fourth mile from Myers place,
357 feet deep by 3 inches diameter. Now flows at a level at least
5 feet above the level of a nearby swale. Drilled in April,
1915, by Louis Conway, Bloomingdale.
4. Well of J. C. Hardee, Vernon View, 10 miles from
courthouse. 361 feet 8 inches deep by 4 inches diameter.
Water now heads 8 feet 7.5 inches above surface.
5. Well of G. W. Wiley, Isle of Hope. This is the oldest
well on the island and once headed 32 feet above the surface.
It now heads less than 3 feet at high tide.
6. Well of J. W. Warren on Skidaway Road, 4.5 miles from
courthouse. 340 feet deep by 3 inches diameter. Water level
now 7 or 8 feet below surface. Drilled in May, 1915.
7. Bonaventure Cemetery. New well 8 inches diameter,
drilled in 1915 to 354 feet but plugged to 304 feet with concrete
to keep out quicksand. Water level now about 4 feet above
high water in nearby slough. Old well 3 inches diameter by
318 feet deep. Water level now about 1 foot above high water
in nearby slough. In January, 1911, it headed 3 feet higher than
66 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
it does now,.but its head has been affected by the new well
drilled near it.
The open channels in the water-bearing strata apparently
permit the ground water to surround the local depression at
Savannah and thus to keep up the head in wells nearer the coast.
Yet the level of these wells has been depressed by the drawdown
at Savannah. Present conditions make it doubtful that brackish
water will be obtained at Savannah for many years. Nevertheless, as a precautionary measure four or five of these outlying
wells should be selected for regular observation. The static level
should be accurately measured at least 6 times a year and samples of water from them should be examined as often for their
content of chloride. The depression of water level in these wells
and increase in their content of chloride will measure the danger
of brackish water at Savannah. The chloride content of the
water from the battery of 12 wells at Gwinnett Street Station
August 3, 1915, was 6.5 parts per million and in the battery of
wells at River Station on the same day was 6.4 parts per million.
The present chloride content of water from wells nearer the
coast in the same stratum should be practically 6.5 parts.
WATER LEVEL IN RELATION TO COST OF
PUMPING
The effect of the fall of head on the cost of pumping is indicated by the data in tables 21 and 22 regarding the annual fuel
consumption per million gallons of water pumped at Gwinnett
Street and River Stations. At Gwinnett Street Station about
1,460 pounds of coal per million gallons of water pumped was
consumed during the period 1898-1901, inclusive, after the
routine of steam production and coal economy was established
and before the air lift was installed. During the period 1905-
1907 after the air lift was installed and economical routine had
again been established the consumption was about 2,300 pounds
of coal per million gallons of water pumped, the increase of 840
pounds having been caused by the use of air for blowing the
wells. According to the reports of pumpage and fuel the con-
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 67
sumption of coal per million gallons of water pumped at Gwinnett Street Station has increased since 1907 from 2,300 to 2,-
800 pounds, or 22 per cent. It was nearly 2,900 pounds in 1913.
Part of this increase of consumption may be due to decreased
efficiency of the pumps, each of which has been operated half
the time for 23 years, but their physical condition now is stated
to be excellent and their term of service is not half concluded.
Most of it must be due to the greater energy required to raise
the water from the wells. The average pumpage per well per
minute given in the last column of table 21 is not especially
significant in this connection, except as representing the fluctuation in the average consumption, because it is not entirely a
measure of the maximum capacity of the wells. The figures
show that the wells have yielded during the past 6 years 469 to
527 gallons per minute per well on the assumption that the 13
wells discharge continuously at equal rates, which is not the^
true condition.
Comparison of the data in tables 21 and 22 shows that the
fuel consumption per million gallons of water pumped at River
Station is twice that at Gwinnett Street Station, and the data in
table 22 shows a similar, though not so regular, annual increase
in the consumption of coal per million gallons of water pumped.
Comparison of fuel consumption at River Station during 1890-
1892 with that during 1909-1914 is precluded by the fact that
during the earlier operation different boilers, under which wood
was burned, were in operation.
68 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
TABLE 21PUMPAGE AND FUEL CONSUMPTION
AT GWINNETT STREET STATION,
1892-1914, INCLUSIVE
Tear
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914"
Total
pumpage
Million gallons
f98.4
2,301.2
2,402.7
2,402.6
2,253.2
2,184.0
2,295.0
2,163.7
2,132.6
2,065.4
1,073.9
1,271.9
3,119.4
2,809.4
3,220.4
3,275.0
3,144.5
3,337.1
3,499.0
3,484.3
3,599.6
3,329.7
3,206.6
3,257.9
Total
consumption
of coal
Tons
____
2,027
2,200
,894
,779
,617
,672
,578
,562
1,511
927
1,942
4,078
2,960
3,711
3,846
3,629
4,221
4,887
4,888
4,809
4,674
4,636

Consumption of
coal per million gallons of
water
Pounds
-._.
,762
,831
,577
,571
,481
,457
,459
,465
,463
1,726
3,054
2,615
2,107
2,305
2,349
2,308
2,530
2,793
2,803
2,806
2,807
2,892

&-
ft3 Q) 3
Gallons
_ _
336
352
352
330
320
336
317
311
302
270
444
456
410
471
479
460
487
512
510
527
486
469
477
Calculated on assumption that 13 wells discharge continuously at equal rates.
December only.
JBefore starting air compressor, 7 months.
SAfter starting air compressor, 5 months.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 69
TABLE 22PUMPAGE AND FUEL CONSUMPTION
AT RIVER STATION, 1909-1914, INCLUSIVE
TEAR
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
Total
Fumpage
Million
gallons
364.9
259.8
357.8
289.9
291.2
366.2
Total
consumption
of coal
Tons
1,028
771
1,045
925
914

clt
G^ C p, lA
o >
U ?
Pounds
5,634
5,935
5,841
6,382
6,277

Average dalls
pumpage
Million
gallons
1.000
.712
.980
.792
.798
1.003
S
12 S-5
Gallons
1,390
990
1,360
1,100
1,110
1,390
The relative costs of operation of the two stations are given
in table 10. The cost of operation of Gwinnett Street Station
has been $10.40 to $11.40 per million gallons of water pumped
for the past seven years, as compared with $9.10 to $10.35 per
million gallons from 1904 to 1908 inclusive, under similar conditions except for increased consumption and decreased water
level. The average cost of operation of River Station from 1909
to 1914 inclusive was $37.66 per million gallons of water
pumped. This annual excess cost of River Station over Gwinnett
Street Station for 2,000,000 gallons a day is approximately the
interest of $420,000 at 5 per cent.
FUTURE CONSUMPTION
For purposes of estimating future consumption a per capita
consumption per 24 hours of 150 gallons is undoubtedly low
enough, as this figure has recently been exceeded in the city.
If the population of Savannah increases at its present rate for
40 years it will become about 95,000 in 1930, about 110,000 in
1940, and about 125,000 in 1950. If 150 gallons per capita per
24 hours be assumed for consumption the average daily consumption in 1920 will be 12,000,000 gallons, in 1930 about 15,-
000,000 gallons, in 1940 about 17,000,000, and in 1950, about
20,000,000 gallons. The present consumption is double that 30
years ago.
TABLE 23AVERAGE DAILY PUMPAGE BY MONTHS, 1905-1914, INCLUSIVE,
IN MILLIONS OF GALLONS
January _..._ __ _ _ _ _______
February _.. __ ___ ____________
March __ ____ ______ _____
April _ _
May ___ _____ .. _ .. ___ _ _
June _
July
August _ _
September ___ __ _ _ _
October _ ____ _ _ _________ __
November. _ _ _____ _ _
December ____ _ _____________
1905] 1906| 1907| I908| 1909) 1910) 191 1| 1912) 1913
8.85
9.39
9.12
9.28
8.95
8.88
8.56
8.44
8.74
8.86
8.78
8.09
8.12
8.48
8.92
8.89
8.88
8.89
9.13
9.37
9.32
9.35
9.03
9.24
9.71
8.88
8.55
8.13
8.66
8.46
8.72
8.81
8.53
8.49
8.30
8.12
8.31
8.82
8.61
8.96
9.08
9.18
9.09
9.50
9.56
9.50
9.46
9.33
12.06
12.85
9.98
8.95
10.39
11.04
11.02
10.46
10.49
10.23
9.85
9.85
11.10
9.44
9.32
9.29
9.86
10.26
10.64
10.63
10.68
10.54
10.66
10.59
10.09
9.77
9.77
9.89
10.47
11.14
11.45
1.56
1.72
1.75
1.28
1.13
12.19
10.39
9.33
9.44
9.64
9.46
9.51
9.68
10.03
9.86
9.81
9.53
9.59
10.04
8.70
8.87
9.71
10.08
10.18
9.90
9.65
9.85
9.37
9.24
1914
8.99
8.97
9.64
9.62
10.06
10.44
10.50
10.32
10.74
10.14
9.82
9.79
Image
9.90
9.70
9.19
9.13
9.57
9.78
9.88
9.87
9.95
9.86
9.64
9.49
AYOR'SXXUAL REPORT
_______ MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT_____ 71
If the average per capita consumption is 150 gallons during
the year it is considerably greater than that during certain months
as shown in table 23. The rate is also greater during certain
days and during certain hours of the day. For some of these
peak loads provision can be made by the capacity of the wet
well, but the limited storage can not be depended on for any
great length of time and consequently the supply available from
the wells for emergencies like fires and very hot or very cold
days must be considerably in excess of 150 gallons per capita.
According to table 23 the present rate ranges from 9,000,000
gallons per day in winter to nearly 11,000,000 gallons per day
in summer. (See diagram of average daily pumpage by months,
Fig. 7.) The^daily pumpage during 1914 (see Fig. 8) was less
than 8,000,000 gallons only 2 days, between 8,000,000 and 9,-
000,000 gallons 39 days, between 9,000,000 and 10,000,000 gallons 161 days, between 10,000,000 and 11,000,000 gallons 141
days, and more than 11,000,000 gallons 22 days. The lowest
recorded pumpage is 7,908,750 gallons, January 18, and the
highest is 11,889,140 gallons, November 21.
INFLUENCE OF SANITARY SEWERAGE ON
CONSUMPTION
Though the present consumption of water per capita per
day150 gallonsis rather high compared with that of many
cities of similar size and characteristics, this amount will probably be appreciably increased by the installation of extensive
house drainage, which an issue of $600,000 in municipal bonds
assures, unless extraordinary efforts are made to decrease loss
by waste and leakage. According to estimates of the director
of public works and the chief engineer the city had 26 miles of
storm sewers in 1909, 26.89 miles in 1910, 28.088 miles in 1911,
28.586 miles in 1912, and 39.3 miles at the end of 1913. Twentyfive miles of this is terra cotta, ranging in size from 8 to 30 inches,
1 mile is constructed of cement, and 13.3 miles of brick. In
1913, the total length of the sanitary sewers was 53 miles, of
which 51 miles is terra cotta ranging from 6 to 30 inches in
MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
diameter, 2 miles of brick ranging from 30 to 42 inches diameter,
and a very small amount of iron pipe. By vote of the citizens
on December 6, 1911, the City Government was authorized to
issue $600,000 in bonds for the completion of the city's house
drainage and storm sewerage systems. Provision must therefore
be made for the increase in the consumption of water that will
follow the increased number of bath-tubs, water-closets, and
flush tanks installed with the house drainage system.
FUTURE SUPPLY
The present consumption of water in Savannah exceeds the
capacity of half the duplicate pumping machinery at Gwinnett
Street Station to the extent of one-third to one-half of the much
smaller well capacity at River Station; and the safe normal yield
of the wells at Gwinnett Street Station probably has been
reached. Increased draft there means increased loss of head and
increased cost of pumping. Increased draft on these wells has
increased the cost of fuel at Gwinnett Street Station in the past
6 years about 22 per cent. The depression of the water in the
wells below sea level brings to consideration the safety of lowering much further the water table without danger of drawing
brackish water from the ocean. The wells at River Station are
30 years old, several of them are in poor condition, they are so
closely grouped as to interfere too much with one another, and
they can not be safely depended on for an increased supply for
any considerable length of time. These considerations make it
advisable to provide immediately for increased source of supply.
It was proposed by the able consulting engineer who designed
Gwinnett Street Station to extend the brick conduit toward
River Station and to add wells to the system in that direction.
The immediate necessity of the city for increased supply at
minimum construction cost makes the extension of Gwinnett
Street Station the only feasible solution of the emergency. Mr.
E. R. Conant, chief engineer, in a report dated November 18,
1914, recommended construction of additional wells, construction of a storage reservoir, reconstruction of the leaky conduit,
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 73
and discontinuance of pumping at River Station. In so far as
this is a pressing emergency the advisability of expenditure in
this manner can not be questioned. The city is in urgent need
of increased supply for fire protection. In consideration of this
emergency, however, it should not be forgotten that the old
brick conduit is now leaky and in poor condition, and its replacement by a cast-iron lead-jointed conduit should be included in
the emergency repairs. In view of the present local level of the
ground water in the vicinity of Gwinnett Street Station and the
certain knowledge that the ground water level has been greatly
depressed by excessive draft and will continue to be so depressed
by the much greater draft to be put on it locally by additional
wells, it should be recognized that this provision of additional
wells and additional pumping equipment with reconstruction of
the conduit is temporary and will not provide adequate supply
for the City of Savannah for an indefinite length of time.
The only permanent solutions of the water-supply problem
are to construct a new system of wells and a new pumping station 3 or 4 miles south of Gwinnett Street Station or to construct
a new pumping station and a filtration plant taking water either
from Savannah or Ogeechee River. These two propositions are
briefly discussed in the following sections. It should be understood that the estimates of cost are only roughly approximate and
are given only to convey an idea of the expenditures involved.
These alternatives should be made the subject of careful engineering and sanitary study, and plans for the adoption of one
or the other should be prepared and carried into effect before
the present projected additional supply at Gwinnett Street Station shall have become equalled by the consumption. A synopsis
of some of the observations involved in such study is appended
to this report.
ADDITIONAL GROUND-WATER SUPPLY AND
PUMPING STATION
Increase of the supply by constructing another system similar to that at Gwinnett Street Station may be considered. In
view of the local lowering of the static level such an expensive
74 MAYOR'S AN'XUAL REPORT
station should be located not less than 3 or 4 miles south of
Gwinnett Street Station in order that it may safely be depended
on as a source of supply for a reasonable number of years. The
consumption of water has increased more than 50 per cent,
since 1893, when Gwinnett Street Station was put into operation. At the present per capita consumption and the present
rate of increase of population, the average daily consumption in
1920 will be 12,000,000 gallons and in 1930 about 15,000,000
gallons; that is, 5 years hence the consumption will be 2,-
000,000 gallons a day, or 20 per cent, more than at present, and
in 10 years hence 5,000,000 gallons a day, or 50 per cent, more
than at present; it may be estimated on this basis that another
station of the same type and size as Gwinnett Street Station would
furnish sufficient additional water for the city for not more than
20 years, before the end of which time it would be necessary to
provide still additional source of supply. Gwinnett Street Station has cost for construction about $480,000 and its duplication
at another place would now probably cost $500,000.
The cost of construction of new wells and well attachments
for such a station in distinction from pumping machinery may be
roughly estimated on the basis of the original costs of Gwinnett
Street Station as follows:
Cost of new wells and attachments exclusive of land:
Twelve wells 500 feet deep and 1,000 feet apart,
complete __________________$30,000.00
Connecting wells to conduit _________ 4,000.00
Cast-iron conduit ________________ 55,000.00
Wet well ____________________ 12,000.00
Two compressors and connections installed_ 55,000.00
Housing of compressors and wet well_____ 40,000.00
Incidentals, 10 per cent. ____________ 20,000.00
Engineering and other top costs, 6 per cent_ 13,000.00
Total _____________________$229,000.00
Or, roundly, $230,000.00.
MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT 75
The cost of construction of new pumping equipment for
the ground-water plant may also be roughly estimated from the
original cost of Gwinnett Street Station. No charge is included
for water mains or connections because a similar cost would
apply to a pumping station at a filtration plant.
Cost of ground-water pumping equipment exclusive of land
or water mains:
Two pumps, 10,000,000 gallons each _____$ 80,000.00
Housing of pumps and boilers ________ 40,000.00
Boilers _____________________ 25,000.00
Incidentals, 10 per cent. ___________ 16,000.00 "\\
Engineering and other top costs, 6 per cent_ 10,000.00
Total ______________________ $171,000.00
Or, roundly, $1 70,000.00.
The cost of maintenance and operation of a new station (
would be greater than the present cost of operation of Gwinnett t'
Street Station (1) through increased cost of fuel because a large ^
part of the power consumed at Gwinnett Street Station is now
furnished by the city from the garbage crematory, (2) by in- '.j,
creased cost of fuel transportation, and (3) by increased power ,
for pumping through a 3- or 4-mile water main. *l
The annual cost of maintenance and operation of a new ,'tj
pumping station at a new ground-water plant can be estimated "f
from the present and past cost of operation of Gwinnett Street T
Station (see Table 6). It is calculated below for 1925 on the ^
assumption that Gwinnett Street Station would then supply 10,-
000,000 gallons a day as it does now, that the new station would
supply 5,000,000 gallons a day, and that River Station would be
shut down. u j
Annual cost of maintenance and operation of new pumping
station at new ground-water plant:
Salaries _____________ _______$ 18,000.00
Fuel and supplies ______________ 15,000.00
I
5
76 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
Repairs _____________________ 1,700.00
Incidentals ___________________ 700.00
Total per annum______________$ 35,400.00
The cost of raising the water from the wells may be roughly
estimated as one-third the salaries, and one-half the fuel, repairs,
and incidentals, or about $15,000 per annum.
The conditions of porosity of the water-bearing strata and
the depth to water 3 or 4 miles south of the present station would
probably be similar to those at the present station, and the static
level would probably be nearly but not quite that of Springfield
well in 1890. These are, however, assumptions that must be
proved by putting down test wells before any extended operations
are contemplated for the construction of a new station.
FILTRATION OF SAVANNAH RIVER WATER
Another and what may be a more attractive proposition is
to procure a new supply by filtering the water of Savannah River.
This large stream will furnish water for the city for an indefinite
period and the filtration plant, pumping plant, and intake may be
constructed at one place, operated as one plant, and designed
to allow for construction of additional units of each type as the
consumption increases. Tables 25 and 26 show the mean monthly and minimum discharges of Savannah River at Augusta, Ga.,
and Woodlawn, S. C. The results of complete mineral analyses
of water from Savannah River at Augusta, taken through a period
of one year and analyzed in composites of 10 consecutive samples are given in table 24. The analyses show that the water,
though muddy, is very soft and low in mineral content and is in
every way suitable from a mineral standpoint as a source of domestic supply. Mechanical, rather than slow sand, filtration,
would probably be the better method of purification as the suspended matter in the stream is at times too fine to be removed
completely by slow sand filtration. It has the added advantages
of lower cost of construction and smaller area of land occupied.
Some of the advantages of a river supply may be noted:
MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT ___77
1. The water from the river is softer than the well water
and therefore more desirable for use in boilers, laundries, and
households. The well water is practically unused in boilers because softer surface water is now readily available for railroads
and for manufacturing. The introduction of a filtered surface
water would doubtless result in the sale of city water to several
large consumers not now using city water.
2. The entire plant would be permanently located at one
place for an indefinite period and it could be expanded at low
cost to meet demand for increased supply.
3. The cost of maintenance and operation, according to
the rough estimates, would be less than that of Gwinnett Street
Station plus the cost of maintaining and operating another station
like Gwinnett Street Station.
The only economic disadvantage seems to be the abandonment of the present pumping station, which is economically supplied with power from the garbage reduction works. In reference to this point, it may be said that the Gwinnett Street Station has been in continuous operation for 23 years and must be
in operation at least 6 years before a new plant is completed and
will have, therefore, cost the city annually only 3.5 per cent, of the
total capitalization, $480,000. It might also be possible to utilize
at the new station the pumps now at Gwinnett Street Station, as
they are apparently capable of efficient duty for a long time.
Johnson* estimates the cost of construction of mechanical ' ^
filters in this country, except for places at which very unusual
features are encountered, at about $12,000 per million gallons of
daily capacity, exclusive of pumps. Comparison of this estimate
with the costs of several plants now in operation shows that it is
reasonable. He estimates the cost of maintenance and operation
at $3 to $5 per million gallons of water filtered, exclusive of
pumping and interest on investment. The larger the plant the
lower the unit cost of filtration; on the other hand, the more
coagulant required the greater the cost of operation. As a filtration plant at Savannah should have an initial capacity of at
*Johnson, Geo. A., The purification of public water supplies; U. S.
Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 315, pp. 54-63.
78 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
least 20,000,000 gallons a day the construction of it on the
above basis would cost about $240,000, to which should be added
the cost of a new pumping station and the cost of low-duty pumps
for supplying the filters. The cost of maintenance and operation,
exclusive of interest and depreciation and pumping would be
$11,000 to $18,000 a year with the present average consumption
of 10,000,000 gallons a day and $17,000 to $28,000 a year with
a daily consumption of 15,000,000 gallons 10 or 15 years hence.
Thus the cost of construction of filters would be about $240,-
000 as compared with about $230,000 for a new system of wells.
The annual cost of maintenance with the present consumption of
10,000,000 gallons a day would be about $11,000 to $18,000 as
compared with the present annual cost of procuring ground water,
exclusive of pumping into the mains at Gwinnett Street Station
and River Station, of about $23.000. The annual cost of maintenance and operation of filters with a daily consumption 10 years
hence of 15,000,000 gallons would be $17,000 to $28,000 as
compared with an annual cost of procuring the same amount
from wells at Gwinnett Street Station and a new station of
about $29.000. Thus the initial cost, exclusive of pumping, would
be $10,000 greater but the cost of maintenance and operation
would be less than that of a ground-water system.
The operation of a filtration plant would require as accessories in the same place low-duty centrifugal pumps for supplying
the filters and a high-duty pumping station of 20,000,000 gallons
daily working capacity to replace Gwinnett Street and River stations and the projected ground-water plant. The pumps at Gwinnett Street Station would be available for reserve at this station.
Cost of construction of pumping station at filtration plant
exclusive of land and water mains:
Two high-duty pumps, capacity 10,000,000 gallons each ___________________$ 80,000.00
Five centrifugal pumps, 5,000,000 gallons ea. 15,000.00
Boilers ______________________ 30,000.00
Housing for pumps and boilers________ 80,000.00
$205,000.00
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 79
Incidentals, 10 per cent. ____________ 20,500.00
Engineering and other top costs, 6 per cent_ 13,500.00
Total _____________________$ 81,000.00
This charge of $81,000 per annum may be compared with
that of $40,000 per annum, the present cost of operation of
Gwinnett Street Station plus $35,400, the estimated cost of
operation of a new' ground-water pumping system, or about
$75,000. The difference between these rough estimates is insignificant. The present cost per annum of pumping 10,000,000
gallons of water a day at two stations is about $52,000.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE WATER OF
SAVANNAH RIVER
Daily samples of water were collected at the waterworks
intake above Augusta, Ga., by the United States Geological Survey from October 25, 1906, to October 22, 1907, inclusive. These
were united in sets of 10 consecutive samples and analyses were
made from the composites thus obtained. The results of the
analyses are given in table 24.
Total _____________________$239,000.00
Or, roundly, $240,000.00.
This would make the total cost of construction of filtration
plant, with pumping station, exclusive of land and water mains, ,
about $480,000, or practically the present construction charge
against Gwinnett Street Station.
The annual cost of maintenance and operation of the entire U'
plant on an estimated daily consumption 10 years hence of 15,-
000,000 gallons may be roughly approximated as follows:
Annual cost of maintenance and operation of filtration plant
and pumping station in 1925:
Filtration, 15,000,000 gallons a day _____$ 28,000.00
Salaries for pumping station ________ 20,000.00
Fuel and supplies _______________ 30,000.00
Repairs and incidentals ____________ 3,000.00
TABLE 24MINERAL ANALYSES of WATER from SAVANNAH RIVER Near AUGUSTA, GA.*
(Parts Per Million Unless Otherwise Stated)
Dato (l!>0(!-7)
Ki'om
Oct. 23
Nov. 4
Nov. 14
Nov. 24
Dec. 4
Dec. 14
Dec. 24
Jan. 3
Jan. 13
Jan. 23
Feb. 3
Feb. 13
Mar. 13
Mar. 23
Apr. 2
Apr. 12
Apr. 22
May 2
May 12
To
Novr~3
Nov. 13
Nov. 23
Dec. 3
Dec. 13
Dec. 23
Jan. 2
Jan. 12
Jan. 22
Feb. 2
Feb. 12
Feb. 22
Mar. 22
Apr. 1
Apr. 11
Apr. 21
May 1
May 11
May 22
4-1*
3
H
~45
40
35
40
55
65
85
60
16
60
150
20
22
15
45
210
340
265
45
3
0)
""
MS
"33
17
12
17
20
22
55
46
10
41
127
17
15
14
42
205
316
248
38
*j
'3c
II
So
0.73
.42
.34
.42
.36
.34
.65
.77
.62
.68
.85
.85
.68
.93
.93
.98
.93
.94
.84
I
O t3
H
_

-
_
_

_
_
_
_
_
_
3.2

3
I
w
21
28
32
32
34
31
36
24
17
30
23
13
12
20
23
26
20
17
37
fe
c
1
0.20
.30
.20
.30
.30
.40
.7
.40
.40
.7
1.2
.9
.9
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
.22
"ri
O
s
3
n U
5.4
6.2
4.4
4.9
6.4
6.2
3.9
3.9
6.0
8.2
5.4
7.6
5.6
8.4
8.4
7.6
5,5
7.2
5.9
to
g
3
1
S
s
1.2
Tr.
Tr.
Tr.
3.2
2.8
Tr.
1.6
4.8
2.8
.8
1.2
Tr.
Tr.
Tr.
Tr.
Tr.
1.6
.4
a
csQ
IJJ +
w
_
_
_
_
_

_
_
_
.
_

_
13 ~
4 *^

g
m
i
i
0.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
<M
o
a

II
32 ~27~~
24
17
2022 '
22
115
17
27
34
20
24
20
27
27
24
19
24
50
4J
3
B^ is
W 5'
_
_
_
_
_
_
_

_

.

_

5.5
s
3
Z
l
xtt
0.1
.6
.7
.8
.6
.5
.3
.8
.8
.4
.9
.6
.6
.5
.3
.3
.4
.2
.8
^
D
c'C
o
S
o
~" 3.0
3.0
1.5
1.5
1.8
2.0
3.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
3.0
3.0
2.8
3.0
2.5
1.5
3.0
3.0
1.7
3
1
5
3s
!"56
77
59
64
74
72
78
54
60
70
53
52
42
55
59
52
42
45
90
a
'5u
%
&
|f
^2-
9.6
9,0
10.4
9.2
9.6
10.8
11.0
11.2
9.3
9.3
14.2
9.2
9.4
8.4
8.5
8.4
11.6
9.5
8.3
Water Supply Paper 23G, p. 99.
TABLE 24MINERAL ANALYSES of WATER from SAVANNAH RIVER Near AUGUSTA, GA.*
(Parts Per Million Unless Otherwise Stated)
Date (100fi-7)
From
May 23
June 2
June 12
June 22
July 4
July 14
July 24
Aug. 4
Aug. 14
Aug. 24
Sept. 3
Sept. 13
Sept. 23
Oct. 3
Oct. ' 13
To
June 1
June 1 1
June 21
July 3
July 13
July 23
Aug. 3
Aug. 13
Aug. 23
Sept. 2
Sept. 12
Sept. 22
Oct. 2
Oct. 12
Oct. 22
Mean % of anhydrous residue
x
;g
1
130
175
300
425
315
425
400
575
475
160
270
200
300
65
25
172
a
13
gu
&I
wg
142
259
23!
338
255
446
419
424
318
75
159
72
299
59
25
142
4J
m ttt
.5. Q)
0 C
E
80
1,09
1.65
.77
.79
.81
1.05
1.05
.74
.67
.47
.59
.26
1.00
.91
1.00
.77
I
u
'S
o
H
5.2
14
9.6
14
9.4
18
14
46
28
7.9
11
9.2
21
5.6
2.4
-
o in
1
55
31
21
17
15
25
30
14
15
16
22
18
19
14
16
21
23
35.0
0)
feI
.20
.54
.08
.06
.20
.26
.04
Tr.
.04
Tr.
.04
.00
.04
Tr.
.00
.44
t .9
I

1
5.2
4.9
5.1
5.1
5.0
5.0
4.7
5.1
5.1
5.0
5.0
6.0
6.0
4.6
5.3
5.7
8.7
|
S
3
S
'"
I
.4
.4
.2
.4
.7
_
.4
.6
.5
.5
.4
.5
.2
.4
.5
.8
1.2
a
G'S^
3$^ las
13
11
12
11
12
12
13
11
10
13
11
12
9.2
9.6
11
12
18.3
(D
S
c
t
o9
f9.6
t?.2
fir.
tTr.
t?.2
j-9.6
.0
|3.6
.0
.0
.0
.0
.0
f2.4
.0
22.6
S
fl
o
ta!
32
27
17
35
37
24
9.8
22
32
30
40
34
40
33
32
32
30
o
0) "3
X5 o
3tt!
5.7
6.1
5.6
5.8
5.5
7.3
7.4
6.8
6.7
6.0
5.3
5.8
4.9
4.7
6.0
6.0
9.1
a
a
3
a
If
.7
.7
1.1
1.6
.2
.9
.0
3.0
.3
1.0
1.0
.7
.0
.7
.0
.6
1.0
o
0)
_o
o1.8
1.4
1.4
1.6
1.4
1.2
Tr.
1.8
1.7
2.0
2.2
2.2
1.6
1.9
1.8
2.1
3.2
0
3 n _w"3
3-8
03
78
61
51
54
67
76
53
53
56
63
58
64
49
53
61
60
1
1CQ
60
C J
M m
ll
8.3
9.8
8.2
8.8
7.7
8.4
7.6
7.4
9.5
6.5
6.8
6.1
10.9
6.3
5.2
_
Analysis October 25, 190G. to May 11, 1007, by J.
W. D. Colliiis.
tAbnormal; computed as HCO3 In the average.
tPe2O3.
R. Evans; May 12 to October 22, 1901, by R. B. Dole, Chase Palmer and
82 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
After the suspended matter has been removed from the
water of Savannah River it is much lower in mineral content
than the well water. Its probable content of scale-forming ingredients is 41 parts per million, or 0.34 pound per thousand gallons. The suspended matter ranges from 10 to 450 parts per
million during the year.
DISCHARGE OF SAVANNAH RIVER
Observations of river heights have been maintained since
1875 by the City of Augusta, Ga., at the city highway bridge, 125
miles above Savannah. The channel is straight for a long distance above and below the bridge and is about 560 feet wide at
low water. The banks are high but will overflow at times under
a part of the length of the approaches and at very high stages for
a long distance on either side of the river beyond the ends of the
bridge. The bed of the stream is sandy and undergoes considerable change and the current is swift. Discharge measurements
were made by the United States Geological Survey from 1889
to 1906 from the downstream side of the North Augusta bridge
at Thirteenth Street in the City of Augusta, 1 mile above the
gage. Owing to the control of the discharge of Savannah River
at Augusta by users of waterpower the daily gage readings are
not a correct index of the true discharge. The errors from this
source are greatest at low and medium stages. This station was
discontinued December 31, 1906, and another station was established at Woodlawn, S. C. Table 25 gives the mean and the
lowest discharge during each month from 1901-1906, inclusive,
at Augusta. The lowest recorded discharge in this 6-year period is 1,450 second-feet. All data collected at this station from
1899 to 1905, inclusive, and low-water discharge from 1892 to
1905, inclusive, have been compiled in U. S. Geological Survey
Water-Supply Paper 197 on the water resources of Georgia.
The discharge measurements in 1906 are given in Water-Supply
Paper 204, page 31. Gage heights after 1906 have been recorded and reported by the United States Weather Bureau,
Washington, D. C.
MAYOR'S ANXUAL REPORT 83
The station at Woodlawn, S. C., is located at the Charleston
and West Carolina Railway bridge, 1,000 feet from the depot at
Woodlawn, 17 miles above Augusta and 10 miles above the
Augusta Water Power Dam. It is 5 miles above Stevens Creek,
which is a large tributary from the South Carolina side. It was
established November 9, 1905, and has been maintained continuously except from August 27 to October 12, 1908, when the
gage was destroyed by a flood which washed out the two main
spans of the East Channel bridge. Both banks overflow slightly
at extreme high stages. An island which divides the channel into
two sections also overflows at high stages the overflow basin
through about 900 feet of wooden trestle. The bed of the stream
is composed mainly of rock and is quite rough causing broken
and irregular current in some portions of the cross section. Conditions of flow appear to be constant and an excellent rating has
been developed for low and medium stages.
Table 26 gives the mean and the lowest observed discharge
during each month from 1906 to 1910, inclusive, at Woodlawn.
Full information regarding these measurements and gage heights
has been published in United States Geological Survey WaterSupply Papers Nos. 168, 204, and 242.
TABLE 25MEAN MONTHLY AND LOWEST DISCHARGE IN SECOND-FEET OF
SAVANNAH RIVER ,AT AUGUSTA, GA., 1901-1906, INCLUSIVE*
Drainage Area, 7,300 Square Miles
Period
January
February _ _ _
March __ _______
April ___ ____
May ___ _ _ _
June __
July
August _ __ __
September ________
October _ _ _ __
November __ __
December _ _ _
Year _ . _____
1901
Mcnn
14,300
16,600
15,100
25,400
15,300
19,600
8,980
26,300
20,600
9,170
7,550
18,600
16,500
Lowest
7,680
7,440
6,500
10,500
7,280
8,400
6,350
5,600
8,740
7,120
7,120
7,120
5,600
1902
Mean
11,700
27,600
36,000
13,500
8,390
7,490
5,060
5,840
7,460
6,420
5,850
12,700
12,300
Lowest
8,000
10,000
12,900
9,200
6,000
4,650
3,400
3,920
3,920
3,740
3,920
6,800
3,400
1903
Mean
10,600
39,600
32,900
19,900
10,000
18,300
8,150
9,050
5,320
4,180
4,980
4,400
14,000
Lowest
7,600
8,800
13,300
11,000
7,000
8,200
4,840
4,650
3,920
3,400
3,400
3,740
3,400
1904
Mean
5,580
9,210
8,580
5,510
4,290
4,090
3,770
11,700
3,800
2,080
3,020
4,770
5,530
Lowest
3,880
4,560
5,430
4,680
2,690
2,360
2,060
3,880
2,440
M.450
2,060
2,780
1,450
1905
Mean
7,080
18,800
7,280
5,420
9,760
4,700
12,600
7,740
4,220
3,920
3,790
19,300
8,710
Lowest
4,300
4,520
5,100
4,410
4,090
3,690
4,860
3,890
2,800
2,650
2,960
3,590
2,650
1900
Mean
30,900
10,600
23,300
10,800
8,020
16,100
19,500
16,200
19,600
18,700
8,820
9,580
16,000
Lowest
8,890
7,450
6,900
7,080
4,250
5,100
5,400
7,080
8,040
8,250
7,080
6,900
5,100
Compiled from data published in U. S, Oeol, Survey Water-Supply Papers 75, 83, 98, 127, 168, and 204. fLow days in October occurred on Sundays when tho mills were not running and water was being held back by the dam.
AXXUAL MAYOR'S REPORT
TABLE 26MEAN MONTHLY AND LOWEST DISCHARGE IN SECOND-FEET OF
SAVANNAH RIVER AT WOODLAWN, S. C., 1906-1910, INCLUSIVE*
Drainage Area, 6,000 Square Miles
Period 1906 1907 tinos 1909 1910
Mean [Lowest) Mean | Lowest | Mean [lx>west| Mean JLowestj Mean [Lowest
January _ _ _ _ _ _
February
March _ __ ____ _
April _ __ ___ _ _ _ _ _
May
June _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _
July _ _ __
August _ _ _ _ ___ __ _
September ___ ___ _ _ _
October ______ ___ ___ __
November ____ _ _______ _
December _ ___ _ ____ _
Year ____ _ _ _ ___ _ .
23,400
10,300
18,900
10,500
8,210
12,600
16,100
14,400
16,500
16,000
9,030
9,780
13,800
9,140
7,540
7,230
7,080
5,760
5,220
5,760
8,170
8,170
8,490
7,540
7,230
5.220
10,500
12,900
9,780
9,550
7,220
7,840
6,810
5,370
6,070
3,790
9,780
18,900
9,040
7,230
7,380
6,180
5,760
5,490
4,700
3,960
3,280
2,640
2,850
3,060
5,360
2,640
19,700
25,700
17,300
19,100
9,820
12,800
10,300
26,300
10,400
8,920
9,890
14,200
15,400
8,660
10,900
8,010
9,830
7,700
6,630
5,220
4,960
6,500
4,960
5,620
6,330
4,960
12,900
21,000
22,300
9,870
16,500
19,100
13,100
11,300
8,240
6,780
4,650
7,020
12,700
7,700
6,080
11,000
7,700
7,560
8,620
7,000
5,350
5,110
4,420
3,980
4,090
3,980
8,760
14,000
12,700
7,060
11,100
10,500
3,980
6,330
6,200
5,230
5,000
5,590
w a
O fd
Compiled from data in U. S, Geol. Survey Water-Supply Papers 204, 242, 262, and 282. fThe monthly estimates from August to December, 1908, are liable to some error and should be used with caution. Measurements in 1909 and in January 1910 indicate that the obstruction of the stream by a span of iron bridge crosswise in the main channel a short distance near the station altered the channel conditions and necessitated a new rating for 1909 and 1910. 00 in
86. MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
FILTRATION OF OGEECHEE RIVER WATER
As a project of filtering the water of Ogeechee River is regarded favorably by some it is well to include studies of this
stream with those of Savannah River. The arguments in favor
of using Ogeechee River water are briefly (1) the city now owns
a right of way to Ogeechee River in the bed of old Savannah and
Ogeechee Canal; (2) the water of Ogeechee River is believed
to cany less suspended matter than that of Savannah River and
if this is so it would cost less to filter; (3) brackish water now
runs to the docks at Savannah and it is feared that it might
eventually reach an intake in Savannah River. The possession
of a right of way is of course a distiifbt financial advantage though
it is outweighed by other considerations. Though the water of the
Ogeechee may carry less suspended matter it is much more
highly colored and probably lower in alkalinity than the water
of Savannah River and these factors would increase the cost of
filtration of Ogeechee River water. The proper location of an
intake iri Savannah River would be determined by the results
of chemical examinations of the river water to determine how
far up brackish water may reach.
The drainage basin of Ogeechee River above the entrance
of Canoochee River covers about 3,800 square miles and including Canoochee River about 5,100 square miles. No extensive measurements of stream discharge in this stream are
available but the discharge would be much less than that of
Savannah River which drains an area above Savannah of about
11,000 square miles, heading in the Piedmont Plateau region,
whereas Ogeechee River heads in the Coastal Plain and drains
a much greater proportion of swamp land. The average density
of population in Savannah River drainage basin was about 49 persons per square mile and in Ogeechee River basin above the
Canoochee about 27 persons per square mile in 1915. Though
the sewage of Augusta, Ga., enters Savannah River this pollution
is 125 miles above the City of Savannah and would not involve
serious trouble in connection with filtration.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 87
SANITARY CONDITIONS
The sanitary condition of the city supply has been carefully
studied under the direction of Dr. W. F. Brunner, health officer,
and serial bacteriological examinations have been made. General
sanitary conditions were discussed in the preliminary report by
Stephenson and Dole, dated July 29, 1915.
In view of the occasional recurrence of B. coli in the water
supply and the recurrence of conditions that will naturally accompany projected repairs the writer is of the opinion that (1)
the chlorine gas apparatus at Gwinnett Street Station should be
immediately put into condition for operation and operated when
in the opinion of the health officer its operation is advisable;
(2) the hypochlorite apparatus at River Station should be kept
in good working order and operated similarly; (3) the portion
of the brick conduit at Gwinnett Street Station between well 7
and the pumping station not already repaired should be cleaned
and repaired by caulking and plastering, inside or outside as indicated, as soon as this repair is feasible; (4) the regular bacteriological examinations of both water supplies should be continued indefinitely; (5) the automatic valves excluding surface
water at privately-owned plants should be inspected, tested, recorded, and periodically examined under the direction and supervision of both the health officer and the chief engineer; and (6)
all deep wells active or abandoned within the city jurisdiction
should be inspected and recorded, and adequate provision should
be made for protection of the city supply when private wells are
abandoned or their use discontinued. Constant attention to these
matters is necessary for proper prevention of pollution of the
city water supply. .
STUDY OF WATER CONDITIONS
The proposed extensions of the water supply and the probable change of source in the near future make it highly necessary
for the city to conduct certain regular studies of ground-water
and surface-water conditions in order to obtain the detailed information that will be required for properly planning future de-
88 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
velopments. These studies involve relatively little expense and
their performance in advance of construction is necessary if improvements are to be made efficiently and economically.
(1). Systematic observations of depletion of the groundwater supply should be conducted. This involves regular observations of drawdown in relation to pumpage at both stations.
The speed of the compressors and the air pressure should be
regularly recorded. A small well at River Station could doubtless be spared for regular observations of drawdown. Regular
observations of drawdown should be made near the middle of
the series of wells at Gwinnett Street Station; it will doubtless
prove advisable to sink a 4-inch well 500 feet deep near well No.
6 or No. 7 and to provide it at the top with a water-tight well 4
feet in diameter by 30 feet deep in which a recording gage
could be installed. Sufficient information should be obtained regarding the static head of deep wells in the city and in outlying
districts south and east of the city to enable plotting of the
ground-water level. The static head and chlorine content of
several wells east of the city should be determined as often as
six times a year.
(2). Systematic studies should be conducted on the physical, chemical, and bacteriological conditions of the water of
Ogeechee and Savannah rivers. This involves selection of
proper sampling stations in reference to the possible location of
intakes. The frequency and number of examinations should include at least weekly determinations of chlorine, alkalinity, color,
suspended matter, bacteria per cubic centimeter, and B. coli at
several points in cross sections of each stream. It would be well
to make monthly sanitary analyses of water from at least three
points in the cross section of each stream, including determinations of nitrogen in its various forms. For this purpose the
laboratory should be equipped for chemical analysis of water.
(3). Daily gagings should be made of both streams at selected stations and the influence of tide should be observed.
$4). The under run of brackish water in Savannah River
should be studied by systematic determination of chlorine in
several cross-sections.
MAYOR'S AXNUAL REPORT 89
(5). Careful analyses of costs of operation and maintenance of the present waterworks should be made.
The results of these studies will form the basis for future
improvements of the system in an efficient economical manner.
They may properly be undertaken by the present health office and
engineering personnel with additional assistants and with advice
from specialists in waterworks construction.
R. B. DOLE,
Chemist.

REPORT
OF
HAZEN, WHIPPLE & FULLER
BY
PROF. GEO. C. WHIPPLE
UPON CONDITION OF WATER SUPPLY
OF SAVANNAH

HAZEN, WHIPPLE & FULLER
Construction Civil Engineers, Forty-Second Street Bldg.,
30 East Forty-Second Street, New York
Telephone, 5911 Murray Hill
Cambridge, Mass., Sept. 20, 1915.
To the Honorable, the Mayor and Board of Aldermen,
Savannah, Ga.
Gentlemen:
At the request of Mr. E. R. Conant, chief engineer, I have
made an investigation of the condition of the water supply of
your city with reference to its quality, its sufficiency arid the
future needs of the city. I arrived in Savannah on Thursday,
September 2, and remained until Wednesday, September 8. During this time I made as careful an examination of the plant as
was possible and studied the records of the water department
and health department, being shown every courtesy by the chief
engineer, Mr. J. P. Figg, the superintendent of the water works,
Dr. W. F. Brunner, the health officer, Dr. V. H. Bassett, city
bacteriologist, and other officials to- all whom I wish to extend
my thanks for their co-operation. I was also shown the report
recently made by Messrs. L. W. Stephenson and R. B. Dole of
the United States Geological Survey. On September 6 I met
the members of the board of aldermen and informally reported
the results of my findings. I now beg to present a report of the
investigation which will include the results of a few observations
and analyses made since the day of our meeting.
94 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
DESCRIPTION OF THE SUPPLY
The city is wholly supplied with artesian well water pumped
by means of the air lift. There are said to be no surface wells
used in the city, but several of the manufacturing concerns, railroads and large buildings have their own independent artesian
wells. The well water is hard and river water is used for boiler
purposes in many places, this being much softer.
The principal pumping station of the city is at Gwinnett
street, where the supply is obtained from twelve 12-inch wells
located 300 feet apart on Stiles avenue, and the Louisville road,
at depths of 500 to 600 feet, and from the Springfield well, 1,550
feet deep on Gwinnett street. The twelve wells discharge into
a brick reservoir conduit 6 feet in diameter and 3,000 feet long,
which terminates in a concrete well (capacity 65,000 gallons)
within the pumping station and from which the pumps take
wat- r. The Springfield well has a separate pipe to this pump
well. There are two air compressors, each with a rated capacity
of 1,800 cubic feet of free air per minute, used to raise the water
from the wells to the brick conduit, and two Holly pumps, each
with a capacity of 9.5 million gallons a day, which force the
water into the 42-inch main leading to the city distribution system. This system was installed in 1892. Originally the wells
flowed naturally into the conduit, but as their head gradually
failed it became necessary to raise the water by power and the
air lift was installed in July, 1902.
Prior to the establishment of the Gwinnett street works
the supply was obtained from the pumping station at the river,
where the river water was used from 1882 to 1887, river and
well water from 1887 to 1891-and artesian water only since 1891.
The station was shut down from 1903 to 1908, inclusive, but
since 1909 has been operated as a supplementary and reserve
station, water being pumped only during the day time and for
fire purposes when needed. There are 25 wells, but less than
half of them are now available for actual service. Several have
been recently filled because of fear of contamination. The air lift
is used, but the station has but one air compressor, which has a
MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT 95
capacity of 800 cubic feet of free air per minute. There are
two main pumps, both old, but said to be in fair condition. They
have capacities of 5 and 7.5 million gallons a day, but cannot be
used together. Water is delivered to the city through a 24-inch
force main, which enters the down-town section not far from the
most congested area.
The total capacity of the two plants working together under
the most favorable conditions may be said to be about 22,000,000
gallons a day for a short period of timesay 24 hours, or such
as would cover the time of a severe fire. Of this supply about
17,000,000 would be obtained from Gwinnett street with both
pumps working, and 5,000,000 from the River station, the maximum capacity of the wells now there. This supply has been recently curtailed by about 2,000,000 gallons on account of filling
certain wells.
CONTAMINATION OF THE WATER
Until the present year no systematic analyses of the water
supply appears to have been made. A few scattered bacteriological tests have been made from time to time, but as they were
found to be satisfactory no records of them were kept. Being
derived from great depths there was no reason to think the
water to be anything but safe, and there was nothing in the
records of the vital statistics of the city to cast suspicion on the
watera fact which is still true at this date. I have carefully
studied the typhoid fever statistics (and also those of malaria,
a disease often confused with typhoid fever in the records) and
can find nothing to indicate that the water supply has played any
part in the spread of the disease in Savannah.
Yet when, during the latter part of 1914 and the beginning
of the present year, Dr. F. R. Ridlon of the United States public
health service, began a study of the water supply as a part of a
systematic study of all water supplies served to passengers by
interstate common carriers in the United States, it was found
that the bacteriological analyses of the water supply of Savannah
were not satisfactory. The numbers of bacteria were higher
96 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
than they should be and the presence of B. coli, an organism
indicative of contamination with fecal matter of animal or human
origin, was observed. In fact, the water failed to comply with
the standards set by a commission appointed by the secretary of
the treasury (of which commission I happened to be a member).
These standards are rather strict so far as B. coli is concerned,
and there are many public water supplies of American cities
which fail to come up to them, and some of these supplies are
generally regarded as satisfactory. The numbers of B. coli
actually found in the Savannah water have not been as large as
' the numbers found in the water supplies of many unfiltered and
some filtered supplies of the country. But an artesian supply
like that of Savannah ought easily to comply with the United
States government standard so far as B. coli is concerned. In
such a supply B. coli should be practically absent.
The contamination of the Savannah water supply has at no
time been excessive and there is no evidence to show that it has
actually done harm. The local department of health was amply
justified, however, in conducting an active investigation to discover why the numbers of bacteria were higher than they should
be. and the studies made by Dr. F. R. Ridlon, Dr. Brunner, Dr.
Bassett, and by Messrs. Stephenson and Dole disclosed sources of
contamination hitherto unsuspected and which were without
question a menace to the health of the city. It was indeed fortunate that they were discovered before trouble actually occurred.
In connection with this study several hundred analyses of
the water at different points in the supply have been made by
Dr. Bassett. I will not attempt to analyze these results in detail
but instead will refer to the conclusions which may be reasonably
drawn from them and from experience with other similar supplies.
THE AQUIFER
The first question that naturally arises is: Does the deep
lying ground water contain bacteria in any such numbers as
those found?
MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT 97
We cannot answer this definitely from the data at hand, but
the chances are strongly against it. The water probably enters
the ground at a distance of fifty or seventy-five miles and flows
at a very low velocity through porous materials until it is withdrawn through its wells at Savannah. During this long flow all
dangerous bacteria would die or be removed so that the deep
ground water at Savannah may be regarded as originally safe.
It is not absolutely certain, however, that the water in the ground
would remain sterile, because in limestone formations the channels are often large and the process of filtration incomplete. In
many wells of the country bacteria similar in almost all respects
to B. coli have been found, and they have presented problems
of peculiar difficulty in the interpretation of the bacteriological
results. Again in a region where wells abound there is always
a chance that some abandoned well hole may permit f the
downward flow of surface water or water from near the surface
of the ground. The fact that most of the wells known to be
tight have given good results when individually tested, is a strong
indication that the deep lying ground water which furnishes the
supply of the city is uncontaminated. Care should be taken,
however, of all abandoned wells, lest pollution of the water occur. This can be done by plugging the wells at proper depths.
The city should maintain a list of all existing deep wells and
keep records of all new wells dug, whether public or private, and
inspections made in order that this matter be not lost sight of.
If the bacteria are not found in the ground water and are
found in the tap water they must enter somewhere. Let us
consider some of the possibilities.
RIVER STATION
It was found that in some cases surface water was entering the wells at the River Station. The wells numbered 1 to 7
were put down in 1887-8, and hence are more than a quarter of
a century old. They are double cased, the pipes being apparently of wrought iron. The well water is not corrosive., being hard
and containing but little free carbonic acid, but the outer tube
98 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
is exposed to the action of the upper ground waters, which may
be corrosive. In fact, when the casing of well No. 4 was drawn
up (it parted at a depth of about sixty feet, although 136 feet
deep) one length contained a hole half an inch in diameter
caused apparently by exterior corrosion. This permitted water
to enter the outer casing and flow downward between the casings
and out through the well into the supply. That polluted water
entered in this way was demonstrated by the bacteriological results and by actual tests with colored dyes. Whether there are
other holes in the old well tubes is unknown, but not at all improbable, especially as it is said that iron pryrites is found in the
region.
In other cases it was found that where the well tubes had
been extended upward by the addition of short pieces of pipe
the flanges of the outer casings had not been properly bolted and
consequently leaked. This also gave opportunity for the entrance of polluted surface water.
Another possible source of pollution was found in leaks in
the horizontal pipes connecting the wells. The leaks in the
pipes and well heads have been repaired as far as they are known
to exist, but the search has not been entirely completed for certain wells seldom used. The only method of telling whether the
well casings leak is that of continued bacteriological tests.
There seems to be no chance of any water being drawn by
the pump from the old river intake under the conditions now
existing.
As a precautionary measure certain of the wells which are
now badly located, were recently disconnected and plugged.
This was a drastic remedy, and while justified as a measure
looking towards the permanent improvement of the supply, it
has temporarily reduced the quantity of water available for fire
protection by about two million gallons, thus making an immediate extension of the works all the more imperative.
The water at the river station is pumped by the air lift into a
circular concrete reservoir which has been but recently covered.
This offered possibilities of bacterial contamination, for besides
the possible danger of inward leakage of ground water there
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 99
was the added chance of bacteria and B. coli being added to the
water from the dust of the air, the droppings of birds and animals, and the actual multiplication of bacteria and other organisms in the reservoir itself. The roof will do away with this
danger of a considerable extent.
I see no reason to believe that these sources of contamination appeared suddenly during the present year. The bacteriological tests made prior to 1915 are all too few to be used as an
index of past conditions. It is much more reasonable to suppose
that the troubles have been gradually developing during the last
few years.
GWINNETT STREET STATION
The analyses of the Gwinnett street station have shown the
water to be better than that pumped at the River station, but yet
at times unsatisfactory. In seeking for the cause it was found
that a portion of the pipe line leading from the well to the station
was not cast iron, but tile, through the joints of which roots had
penetrated. This has been replaced with cast iron pipe.
The wells of this system were found to have been covered
with earth and through the ventilators there was some chance for
the admission of dust and surface water. These conditions have
been largely rectified, but there is still some work to be done.
The brick conduit, which is usually called the reservoir, had
been partially inspected before my arrival. The inspection was
completed in my presence. In general it was found to be in
fair condition, but in several places there were inward leaks of
surface water, and in one or two of these the conditions were
bad. These will be referred to later. Probably the amount of
contamination received by the Gwinnett street works has been
small.
The pump well in the pumping station is not covered, is
subject to the contamination from the excrement of birds, which
at times enter the building in large numbers. Dust is blown in
from the street and carried in by the feet of persons who walk
over the wood platform above the basin. There is no evidence
of inward leakage of ground water.
100 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
Thus it will be seen that while the water in the aquifer may
be uncontaminated there are chances for bacteria to enter the
system, and perfect sterility or even absolute freedom from
B. coli is not to be expected. Even the air used to raise the water
from the well contains bacteria and B. coli, and on windy days
this may be a factor,though always a minor one and usually
negligible. Then it must be remembered years ago river water
was pumped and even now, after the lapse of many years, it is
not improbable that some deposits of mud exist in dead ends in
the pipe system throughout the city.
RIVER WATER CONNECTIONS
There is another possible source of trouble, namely, the connections of the mains and service pipes, in railroad yards and
factories along the shore with pipes which receive water from
the river. River water is used for boiler purposes and in some
cases as an auxiliary supply for the sprinkler systems which protect buildings against fire. In some cases the pipes carrying
river water are physically connected with the city pipes, check
valves being used to prevent the river water on the mill side of
the check from entering the city pipes. These connections are
of long standing. Their number, their location, their condition,
the relative pressures on opposing sides of the valve, are not
matters of record as they should be. They may all be in a satisfactory condition, but such connections with old and rusty valves,
liable to be kept open by the inclusion of a nodule of rust or by
a twig, have caused epidemics of typhoid fever in other cities.
Although a detail of administration, it is nevertheless a matter
of importance, and should be regularly looked after.
DRAINAGE SYSTEM
Recent extensions of the drainage system have made it
necessary to cut the water pipes in some places. At such times
a temporary local fouling of the water has occurred. This may
at times have been the cause of certain high bacterial counts.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 101
DISINFECTION OF THE WATER
When it was found that the supply was subject to contamination in the ways indicated the health officer caused the water
to be disinfected. A temporary rig for applying bleaching
powder was installed at the River station, and since June 21st
both waters have been disinfected with this chemical, using from
6 to 10 pounds per million gallons of water. This was the best
course to pursue, but the method used has been so crude, and
the application of the chemical so irregular, that some water has
been overdosed, giving rise to odors in the city, while some water
has been underdosed and thus imperfectly disinfected. On the
whole the benefits have been marked, particularly in the reduction of B. coli. At the River station reservoir the samples collected between February 1st and June 21st contained on an average of 64 B. coli per litre; since June 21st, 6 per litre. At the
city hall the average number of B. coli per litre before June 21st
was 160, since that date, 35. The United States government
standard limit for B. coli may be said to be about 150 per litre.
(One litre is about a quart.)
These results are not altogether satisfactory and indicate
that not all leaks have been found and that disinfection is not as
thorough as desirable. Yet, in my opinion, the present chance
of infection due to the use of the water is negligible. If I lived
in Savannah I should not hesitate to drink the water without
boiling.
In my opinion, however, the chances of undiscoverable leakages at the River station are so numerous that a more substantial
apparatus for applying bleaching powder should be installed and
used at all times whenever the station is operated. The present
location of the apparatus over' the reservoir is objectionable. At
the Gwinnett street station the use of a disinfectant should be
discontinued as soon as repairs on the brick conduit have been
completed.
Between well No. 7 and well No. 8 the conduit was built
with a sag in order to pass under the Ogeechee canal and a drainage ditch. Trouble existed at this point at the time of construe-
102 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
tion. Settlement occurred, and later the construction of a
railroad bank and the raising of the grade of the street increased
the load on the arch to such an extent that cracks occurred at
the quarters of the circle. Repairs were made about 1900, but
at the time of our recent inspection it was found that for a distance of about 250 feet the conduit was leaky, and as the tile
pipe which conveyed the water of the polluted drainage ditch
across (and above) the brick conduit was also cracked, there was
opportunity for the polluted water to get into the water supply.
The fact that the soil was largely clay prevented any rapid inflow
of water, so that actually the pollution was probably small. The
situation was a serious one however.
Measurements showed that the arch had settled so that instead of being circular the horizontal diameter was from 7 to 9
inches longer than the vertical diameter, with wide cracks at the
top and bottom and at the springing line. It was decided that
this part of the conduit should be rebuilt and protected against
further leakage by inserting a steel (or cast iron) pipe inside of
the brick conduit, filling the space between with concrete. The
tile drain was also to be replaced by a cast iron pipe. These
repairs were well under way before I left the city. In order to
provide for an emergency call for fire protection a temporary
by-pass is being constructed around the sag in order that water
may be obtained from wells 9, 10, 11 and 12. -It was fortunate
that this condition was discovered, for a break in the conduit at
the sag would have temporarily deprived the city of water and
caused a serious pollution of the supply.
The inspection showed the existence of a number of minor
leaks which can be caulked from the inside, and of a few cracks
nearer the pumping station which need to be watched and which
may have to be repaired before long from the outside. There
is a large amount of sand accumulated in the conduit and this
should be removed.
At one point between well No. 2 and well No. 3 there is a
drainage ditch which crosses and cuts into the brick conduit put
in not long ago. It is said to be tight at the present time, but
inasmuch as the water carried by the drainage pipe is polluted
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT ___103
it is a condition which may some time in the future suddenly
cause trouble, and in the interest of sanitation should be rectified '
by the use of an inverted syphon. As the repair will be a difficult
one and might cause a crack in the brick reservoir conduit it i
should not be attempted until after the extensions or me plant
mentioned beyond have been completed. The crossing should be
frequently inspected, meantime.
LACK OF ADEQUATE FIRE PROTECTION
The present works do not afford adequate fire protection
to the city. This was pointed out by the National Board of Fire ,
Underwriters in a report made by them in January, 1913. The
superintendent of waterworks has recommended an additional 4
fifteen million gallon pump at Gwinnett street, but nothing has
been done. In my judgment it would be highly imprudent to
neglect the matter longer. There has been no increase in pumping capacity for nearly a quarter of a century. Even with all
pumps working the demands for water at times of a large fire
could scarcely be met, and with one pump shut down for ordinary 1
repairs there would be a serious shortage. It is very doubtful,
moreover, if the wells themselves would yield enough water in
such a time of stress, and the city has no visible supply of water I
above ground There is but one line of pipe between the Gwinnett street station and the city and an accident to that would I
throw a burden upon the River station which it could not bear. i
To rectify this condition there is needed a new pump at j.
Gwinnett street, more wells and a new force main to the city. ;
The brick conduit should be extended southerly with its present <
diameter some two thousand feet, or preferably there should be
a steel conduit to collect the water and a covered masonry
reservoir, near the Gwinnett street station, holding at least two
million gallons of water, or enough to supply the city for four or i
five hours. The latter would have the advantage that it would '*.
permit of the shutting down of the compressed air system for i
repairs. Estimates of cost should be made, however, before the
capacities and details of these enlargements are decided upon. '
104 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
The air lift method is an expensive method of pumping water.
It is probable that power transmitted electrically to pumps located
in the individual wells would be cheaper and better for the new
wells.
PROPOSED ABANDONMENT OF THE RIVER
STATION
At present this station acts as a reserve. The actual quantity
of water pumped is scarcely more than a million gallons a day,
yet men must be on duty day and night so as to be ready in case
of fire. This is an expensive mode of procedure. Considering
the precarious quality of the water, the fire hazards which surround this plant, the increasing interference of privately owned
wells in this region, the necessity of using bleaching powder
continuously with attendant odors difficult to be avoided in a
plant intermittenly operated, it is my judgment that arrangements
should be made for the discontinuance of this plant after suitable
additions have been made to the plant at Gwinnett street.
Inasmuch as the 24-inch pipe from this station feeds the
business section of Savannah, the new force main from Gwinnett
street should be carried northward to connect with this 24-inch
line.
CONSUMPTION OF WATER
In studying the records of the department I have been struck
with the large consumption of water in Savannah.
The computation of the per capita consumption depends
upon the population used. According to the U. S. Census
Bureau this, in 1914, was about 70,000 persons. On this basis
the per capita consumption was about 142 gallons daily. Local
estimates of population are higher. If the census population
was ten per cent, less than the true population the per capita
consumption would still be nearly 130 gallons daily, a high figure.
The following figures are based on the census figures, taking
them at their face value, and the published figures for water consumption, themselves in danger of error by not correctly allowing
for pump slippage.
MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT 105
In 1870 the consumption was 60 gallons per capita daily, and
in 1880, 68 gallons; these with the river water jn use. In 1890,
with well water in use (river water used to supplement the
supply), it had increased to 152 gallons. In 1900 it dropped to
107 gallons, and rose to 159 gallons in 1910. The maximum
rate occurred in 1911 when it reached 165 gallons. As a result
of efforts to curtail waste the per capita consumption dropped
to its present figure.
When one considers the large proportion of negroes, who
as a class use much less water than the white population (because
their houses have fewer fixtures), and when one considers the
individual wells and river water used by railroads and manufacturing establishments, it must be that this large per capita
consumption includes a great amount of waste. Another fact
indicating waste is the large night pumpage, which amounts to
nearly three-quarters of the daily rate. There cannot be such a
large proportion of water actually used at night.
The pitometer survey made in 1911 indicated that there were
no large leaks in the mains, but that the wastage occurred
through innumerable small leaks in the houses. Such leaks are
preventable. The flush valves in the sewer also consume much
water and should be carefully watched to prevent excessive use
and leakage.
A daily consumption of 100 gallons per capita ought to
suffice for the needs of a city like Savannah, including lawn
sprinkling. There are limits to the underground sources and it
would be far better for the city to conserve these sources than
by extravagance to hasten the day when a return to the use of
surface water will be imperative. Restriction of waste will likewise bring immediate return in the form of reduced pumping
costs, although it manifestly will cause some expense to property
owners here and there to stop the leaks in the plumbing fixtures.
This waste restriction will not to any great extent lessen the need
of increased capacity of service for fire protection, and will not
take the place of the enlargements to the system here recommended.
106 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
METERS
If all the water consumers of the city would keep their fixtures tight the desired decrease in the consumption would at
once result. But experience has shown that consumers will not
permanently keep fixtures tight unless it is for their financial
interest to do so. The use of meters supplies the necessary spur
and automatically acts as a preventer of waste. With this system it is the negligent who must pay, whereas, at present the
careful pay more (in taxes) because of the negligence of their
neighbors.
Water is a manufactured commodity delivered at the house
and should be paid for according to the quantity delivered.
At present only the large consumers have metered services.
A few house meters were tried in 1895, but soon given up. Evidently, however, the system did not have a fair trial. To be
successful the meterage of house services should be practically
complete, and a fair scale of meter rates should be adopted. A
common method is to establish a minimum charge entitling the
consumer to a reasonable quantity of water, and to fix a scale of
rates for the use of larger quantities of water in excess of this.
To establish equitable rates for large and small consumers entails
a study of the cost of the water service and its constituent elements.
The per capita income of the Savannah water department
is less than $2.00 per yeara figure lower than that of most
American cities. The average waterworks' receipts in this
country are about $2.50, incomes of $3.00 to $4.00 per capita
being not uncommon.
I personally believe Savannah would be better off with the
meter system, but before resorting to this I recommend that concerted action be taken immediately to restrict waste within the
houses, and that the water department look carefully after the
mains and the flush tanks and sewers.
FUTURE SUPPLY OF THE CITY
Savannah is a growing city. In fifteen years its population
is likely to reach 100,000 or more. Large cities have higher per
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 107
capita consumptions than small cities. Hence in spite of waste
restriction a larger supply must be provided for. Even with an
average daily rate of 100 gallons per capita for the year, the
maximum draft during the day is liable to run up to fifteen or
seventeen million gallons for a city of 100,000, while ten millions
more would be needed for fire purposes. In twenty years the
quantities of water and the capacities of the system must be even
larger.
Will the artesian wells yield these large quantities of water?
There is no way of telling, because no one can foresee the demand
that will be made on the aquifer by other parties than the city of
Savannah. The best thing to be done is to keep systematic
records of the height of the artesian water in order to determine
the rate at which it is being depleted. To this end each well
should be so arranged that it can be shut off and its level ascertained, and one or more wells should be systematically observed
each.week from this time on. Doubtless the United States Geological Survey would be willing to assist in making a hydrographic study of the aquifer. '
SURFACE WATER SUPPLIES J
Aside from the well water supply the city is not well located
with respect to available water supplies. The two obvious
sources are the Savannah River and the Ogeechee River. Either
would require filtration, but either could be satisfactorily filtered |
and used if necessary. ;
The Savannah River is very muddy. It receives the sewage
of the city. It is tidal and said to be brackish at Savannah under
certain conditions of the tide. If used, the intake would have to j
be located several miles up streamprobably ten miles, and perhaps more. This would greatly increase the cost of the water
supply, as it would mean not only filtration but double pumping. ,
The advantages would be an unlimited supply and a softer water.
The Ogeechee River is much cleaner than the Savannah '
River, but has a brownish color, because of the flow through
cypress swamps. The color would be removed by filtration. The
natural point of intake would be at the upper end of the Ogeechee >
108 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
canal and the pipe line would naturally follow this canal, the
distance being something like seventeen miles. To pump water
this distance would be expensive; to allow it to flow in the open
canal would be unwise, hence the cost of such a project would be
expensive.
The Ogeechee water is soft. To decolorize it would require
the use of alum. This would invite troubles due to the corrosion
of pipes and rusty hot water would probably be the result. After
being accustomed to the clear artesian water the consumers
would find this very troublesome.
Evidently it is for the best interest of Savannah to adhere
to its well supply for as long as possible, and to take all necessary
measures to conserve it.
Bearing in mind the possible necessity of using surface
water at some distant date, it would be well to secure the cooperation of the U. S. Geological Survey in studying the tidal
condition of these rivers and the quality of their waters at different seasons.
RECOMMENDATIONS
The following is a summary of my recommendations:
1. At the River station all of the wells and connecting
pipes, valves, etc., should be made perfectly tight, and put into a
good operating condition. Each well should be provided with a
tap for obtaining samples and for observing the height or pressure of the water. A new and permanent apparatus should be
provided for applying bleaching powder to the water in the suction pipe of the pump. Galvanized iron sides should be placed
around the reservoir to exclude light and dust. These repairs
should be made as inexpensively at possible, looking towards the
future abandonment of the plant.
2. The wells at Gwinnett street should be put into a good
clean and operative condition. They should be enclosed in concrete pits with covers, so as to be readily accessible, and each
well should be arranged for sampling and for testing the head.
The conduit should be repaired and cleaned, the sag strengthened
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 109
and protected against pollution by the use of a steel pipe laid
within the conduit, and the drain crossing ultimately removed and
replaced by an inverted siphon of cast iron.
3. A new pump of a capacity of about 15,000,000 gallons,
capable of operating under a pressure of 70 pounds should be
installed at Gwinnett street, with such additional boiler capacity
as may be required. The new pump would probably require an
addition to the pumping station building.
4. A new force main 36 inches in diameter should be laid
from the Gwinnett station to connect with the present 24-inch
line from the River station at some point near the Springfield
canal.
5. A covered masonry reservoir holding at least 2,000,000
gallons should be constructed at Gwinnett street and connected
with the present pump well and with the new pump.
6. At least six new wells should be driven at Gwinnett
street, south of the station, in continuation of the present line on
which well No. 1 is located. It will probably be advisable to
operate these individually by power electrically transmitted from
the main station, and to use a steel pipe line rather than brick,
conduit to carry the water to the reservoir.
7. Provision should be made for the regular daily analysis
of the water from each station, and for such further detailed
analyses as may be necessary to establish the tightness of the
pipe lines and wells and the efficiency of the disinfection at the
River station.
'8. The department of health should have its laboratory
equipped for the chemical analysis of water as well as for bacteriological tests.
9. The disinfection of the water at Gwinnett street should
be discontinued after the repairs to the conduit have been completed.
10. The water department should employ a capable young
engineer to work under the direction of the chief engineer, and
co-operate with the present superintendent in improving the
present condition of the plant, make the surveys necessary for
the new works, collect samples of water, study the river water
110 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
connections and check valves in the mills, lay out systematic
extensions to the distribution system, systematize and extend the
office records, and otherwise improve the service. This will give
the superintendent more time to devote to the all-important
matter of the pumping station, and the installation of the new
machinery.
11. Various matters of detail, which need not be here mentioned, have been discussed with your chief engineer and with
the superintendent of water works.
CHEMICAL ANALYSES
I have been asked to make chemical analyses of various
samples of water. Some of these analyses have been made, but
other samples have not yet arrived. In order not to postpone the
presentation of the report the results of these analyses will be
made the subject of a supplementary statement.
Respectfully yours.
GEORGE C. WHIPPLE.
Referred to Committee of the Whole.
SUPPLEMENTARY REPORT
OF
PROF. GEO. G. WHIPPLE
UPON ANALYSIS OF THE WATER OF
SAVANNAH

October 15, 1915.
To the Honorable, the Mayor and the Board of Aldermen,
Savannah, Ga.
Gentlemen:
The following are the results of the analyses of samples
of river water collected by me on September 9, 1915, and of
samples of well water received from Mr. E. R. Conant, October
1, 1915.
SAVANNAH RIVER WATER
This sample was collected near the shore opposite the
River Station September 9, 1915. It had a brown color due to
the presence of suspended matter.
(PARTS PER MILLION)
Turbidity ______105
Color ________190 (Due in part to
suspended matter)
OdorFaint, earthy and very faint vegetable.
Chlorine ______ 8.5
Total Hardness ___ 20.0
Alkalinity ______ 14.0
Incrustants _____ 6.0
This analysis shows that mechanical filtration would be
necessary for the purification of the water and that not only
alum, but lime (or soda) would have to be used. This is due to
the fact that the water is quite soft. At the time of collection
the amount of chlorine in the water was relatively low.
114 -MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
OGEECHEE RIVER WATER
This sample was collected on September 9, 1915, at the end
of the Savannah and Ogeechee Canal. It had a brownish appearance due chiefly to coloring matter, but in part to turbidity.
(PARTS PER MILLION)
Turbidity ______ 2
Color ________100
OdorDistinct Vegetable.
Chlorine ______ 3.7
Total Hardness ___ 20.5
Alkalinity ______ 14.0
Incrustants _____ 6.5
This analysis shows that mechanical filtration would be
needed for the purification of this water on account of its high
color. Its hardness was about the same as that of the Savannah
River and in addition to alum, lime (or soda) would have to be
used in connection with filtration. The chlorine was lower than
that in the Savannah River sample collected on the same day.
SAMPLES OF WELL WATER
The samples of well water were received on October first.
The only tests made were those relating to hardness and alkalinity. The results were as follows:
(PARTS PER MILLION)
Chlorine Total Hardness Alkalinity
River Station Well No. I _
7 ____
11 _
12 __ _
17 .
6.5
_ 7.0
_ _ 6.5
6.7
6.5
89.0
95.0
90.0
103.0
95.0
99.0
97.0
98.0
102.0
99.0
River Station Tap Water (Representing the mixed water from
Wells Nos. 1,2, 3,4,5, 6, 7, 8,
9, 11, 19,) 6.7 98.0 97.0
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 115
Gwinnett Station Springfield Well, 36.0 95.0 123.0
Gwinnett Station Tap at and of
Conduit ___-________ 7.0 91.0 100.0
With the exception of the Springfield well the above samples
gave substantially the same analysis. The total hardness was
found to be about five times as great as that of the water in the
Savannah River or Ogeechee River. As is quite common with
deep wells on the South Atlantic Coast, the alkalinity exceeded
the hardness. This means that the water contains no incrustants,
but does contain sodium carbonate, which to some extent mitigates the effects of the hardness in boiler use. The sample from
the Springfield well was tested for magnesium and found to
contain 25.0 parts per million. The tap sample at the River
Station contained 30 parts per million of magnesium.
The above analyses were made not for the purpose of determining the sanitary quality of the water, but to ascertain its
general character for domestic and industrial use and to enable
a comparison to be made between the well water and the river
water.
It is evident from the analyses that the river water properly
filtered could be made satisfactory for domestic and industrial
use. It probably would not be quite as clear as the well water.
It would be softer, but on the other hand would contain some
incrustants. It would be somewhat warmer in temperature
during the greater part of the year. On the whole it is my
opinion that the filtered surface water would be less satisfactory
(for general use than the well water. The analyses here given
tend to corroborate my previous recommendation fliat it is for the
best interest of the city to hold to the well water supply for as
long a time as possible and to take all necessary steps to protect
and conserve it.
Very respectfully yours,
GEO. C. WHIPPLE.

FINAL REPORT
BY
R. B. DOLE
United States Chemitt
ON THE
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE WATER
SUPPLY OF SAVANNAH

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNITED
STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEYFINAL REPORT OF R. B. DOLE, UNITED STATES
CHEMIST, GIVING CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE WATER SUPPLY
/" OF SAVANNAH
September II, 1915.
COMPOSITION OF THE WATER SUPPLY OF SAVANNAH, GA.
The Springfield well is highest in mineral content, because
of its greater content of the alkalies and the acid radicles, particularly sulphate and chloride, and consequently it is less desirable for industrial use. The water is very low in iron and is
no harder than the other waters. There is nothing whatever in
the analysis to indicate that the mineral constituents of the water
would be in any way detrimental to health.
Analyses 5 and 7 show that the water from the battery of
wells at River Station and that from the battery at Gwinnett
Street Station are practically alike in composition. If more wells
had been included in the composite for River Station the analyses
would undoubtedly have shown that the waters from the two
stations are practically identical. Analyses 1 shows a water
somewhat higher in alkalies and sulphate but slightly lower in
calcium than No. 5; the diflerences, however, are very small.
Both analyses represent calcium carbonate waters of moderate
mineral content. The waters would not cause foaming and
probably would not cause corrosion in boilers. The water from
Gwinnett Street Station contains about 147 parts per million or
1.23 pounds per thousand gallons of scale-forming constituents,
and that from River Station about 136 parts per million or 1.13
120 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
pounds per thousand gallons. All the waters contain so little iron
as to be practically negligible in laundries, dyeworks, or households.
The waters from wells Nos. 1, 13, and 19 at River Station
are practically identical in composition. The water from well
No. 2 at River Station is slightly but definitely higher in total
solids, bicarbonate, chlorine, and sulphate. The differences may
be an indication that well No. 2 receives water from some stratum
nearer the surface than the others, though it is not impossible
that its higher mineral content is caused by the light draught on
the well during the past 4 or 5 months.
None of the above data have any reference whatever to
probable pollution of the waters, as they are mineral, not sanitary, analyses. It may be added, however, that the mineral
analyses do not indicate the presence of anything deleterious to
health.
ANALYSES OF WATER FROM SAVANNAH WATERWORKS
PARTS PER MILLION
CONSTITUENTS 1 2 I 3
Total solids at 180 C._ ______ __ _ _ __
Silica (SiO2 ) ___ __ ._ ___ _ __
Iron (Fe) _ _ ______ __ _________
Calcium (Ca) __ ___________ ___ _
Magnesium (Mg) _____ ____ __ ___ ______
Sodium and potassium (Na-f-K) __ ___ _
Carbonate radicle (CO,) _ _ __ _ _ _ _
Bicarbonate radicle (HCO3 )__ _______ _ _
Sulphate radicle (SO4 ) _______ ____________
Chlorine (Cl) _ _________ __ ________
Nitrate radicle (NO,) _ _____ __ _
Total hardness as CaCO, __ _ 1 __ L __ ___
186
5.2
120
13
6.5
.15
81
204
4.8
134
26
9.8
Tr.
82
177
5.8 115"
11
5.0
Tr.
81
172
4.8
115
10
5.1
.15
84
176
52
.04
28
7.7
13
5.4
119
10
6.5
.10
84
292
34
.04
18
13
67
6.0
156
39
44
.15
83
183
53
.03
24
7.4
18
5.0
119
15
6.4
.10
82
6
7)
CO
>
X
X
cl
w<T3
o
90
1. Well No. 1, River Station.
2. Well No. 2. River Station.
3. Well No. 13, River Station.
4. Well No. 19, River Station.
Samples collected Auprtmt 3, i9ir>, by Dr. V. H. Bassett, Bacteriologist of the City of Savannah.
5. Pump vat at end of tunnel, Gwlnnett Street'Station.
6. Outlet of Springfield well, Gwinnett Street Station.
7. Composite of equal parts of Nos. 1, 2, 3, and 4.
ANALYSES OF WATER FROM SAVANNAH WATERWORKS(Continued)
PARTS PER MILLION
CONSTITUENTS
Total dissolved solids at 180" C. ___ _ ______ __ _ -
Silica (SiO..) _ _ _______ _ __ _______ ______
Iron (Fe) _ ___ ________ ' _ __. _______ ____
Calcium (Ca) ___ _ _ ___________ _ _
Magnesium (Mg) _____ __ _ ______ _ ___ __
Sodium and potassium (Na-fK) __ _ _______ ___
Carbonate radicle (CO.,) ______________ ____ __
Bicarbonate radicle (HCO.,) _ _ ___ __ __ _ ______
Sulphate radicle (SO.,) ________ _______ _ _ ___ _
Nitrate radicle (NOn ) _ __ _ __________ -
Chlorine (Cl) _ _____ _______ _______ _ _
Organic and volatile matter _ _ _ _____ ___ __ __
Turbidity ___________ _ _ .. __ __ .. _ ________
Suspended matter _ __ _ _ ____ ____ __
Co-efficient of fineness of suspended matter ____ ____ __
5
176
52
.04
28
7.7
13
5.4
119
10
.10
6.5
6
292
34
.04
18
13
67
6.0
156
39
.15
44
8
220
58
1.0
26
10
17
2.0
170
8.0
.4
7.0
9
229
55
f.4
25
7.2
11.7
11
2.2
11
9.9
__
10
60
23
.44
5.7
.8
12
.0
30
6.0
.6
2.1
172
142
.77
o

CO
PI >u
o fo "-3
At 100 degrees C. fFe2O3+A12OS.
5. 1'ump vat at end of tunnel, Gwlnnett Street Station. 9.
B. Outlet of Springfield well, Gwlnnett Street Station.
S. Municipal supply of Sav'h, 12 wells 475 to DOO + ft.
deep, and one well 1,550 ft. deep; collected April 11, 10.
1911; analysis by Dr. Edgar Everhart, Atlanta, Ga.
Trace of phosphate (PO4).
Deep wells former municipal supply of Savannah,
500-fft. deep; sample collected In 1886; C. F. Chandler, analyst.
Average composition of the water of Savannah
River near Augusta, Ga.
. MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 123
For comparison a table is added giving analyses (5) as
above, (6) as above, (8) the municipal supply of Savannah from
12 wells 475 to 500+ feet deep and one well 1,550 feet deep, by
Dr. Edgar Everhart,* of Atlanta, on a sample collected April 11,
1911, (9) the deep wells formerly the municipal supply of Savannah 500-J- feet deep, by C. F. Chandler,* on a sample collected in 1886, and (10) of Savannah River near Augusta. Daily
samples of water were collected in midstream from the highway
bridge above Augusta from October 25, 1906, to October 22,
1907. These daily samples were united in composites of 10
consecutive samples, and analyses of the composites thus obtained were made by J. R. Evans, R. B. Dole, Chase Palmer, and
W. D. Collins of the United States Geological- Survey. The
figures given represent the average of the analyses of the composites.
The analyses of the well waters show fair agreement, the
differences doubtless being caused by uncertain admixture of
the more highly mineralized water from the deep well.
After the suspended matter has been removed from the
water of Savannah River it is much lower in mineral content than
the well water. Its probable content of scale-forming ingredients
is 41 parts per million, or 0.34 pound per thousand gallons. The
suspended matter ranges from 10 to 450 parts per million during
the year.
Very truly yours,
R. B. DOLE,
Chemist.
Refer to Water-Supply Paper 341, pages 191 and 192.

REPORT
OF
THE POWER SPECIALTY COMPANY
GIVING AN ANALYSIS OF SAVANNAH
ARTESIAN WATER USED FOR
BOILING AT DESTRUCTOR PLANT

POWER SPECIALTY COMPANY
111 Broadway
NEW YORK
February 10, 1916.
E. R. Conant, Chief Engineer,
Savannah, Ga.
Dear Sir:
The samples of water arrived and we have completed our
analyses of the same. We report the figures to you below, same
being in grains per United States gallon:
From Heater Water
SOURCE OF SAMPLE to Boiler Column
Density __________________ 1.00068 1.00136
Acidity or Alkalinity___________ Alkaline Alkaline
Turbidity _________________ 25.
Suspended Matter ___________
Total Solids in Solution ________26.82 90.28
Total Organic and Volatile in Solution, 17.02 10.26
Total Minerals in Solution-.______ 9.80 80.02
Iron-Aluminum and Silicon Oxides__ 3.03 .93
Calcium Oxide ______________ 2.33 11.43
Magnesium Oxide ____________ .67 .42
Sodium Oxide ______________ .31 23.29
Chlorine __________________ 1.67 23.91
Sulphuric Anhydride ___________ .70 14.70
Commenting on these analyses, would say, you will quickly
note by studying them how rapidly the solids concentrate in the
boiler as evaporation goes on, and of course, with as large a per-
128 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
centage of impurity as is present in the original water the solids in
the boiler will multiply rapidly. The remedy, of course, is to
change the water as often as possible in the boiler. With a water
of this kind we should say change every week if a possible thing,
but certainly do not run longer than two weeks without changing.
The calcium oxide or lime is largely in the form of carbonate
of lime and an open feed water heater, where the water is
brought up to the boiling point, would be a very great help in
precipitating a lot of the impurity and would also keep the boiler
free from considerable amount of organic matter which seems
to be present in the water.
As to the use of a compound, would say, we know of nothing better than graphite for water of this character. The action
of graphite is mechanical and not chemical, so there would be
no additional solids in solution in the water circulating in the
boilers. Strong blowing down should be practiced with the use
of graphite.
We have requested the United States Graphite Company of
this city, who make a specialty of boiler graphite, to write you
fully pertaining to their product and its use. We have found it
very beneficial.
If there is any other information we can furnish we shall
certainly be glad to do so upon application.
Yours very truly,
POWER. SPECIALTY CO.,
By W. E. Dowd, Jr.
REPORT
BY
E. R. GONANT
Chief Engineer
UPON THE PRESENT WATER SUPPLY
SYSTEM OF THE CITY OF
SAVANNAH
WITH
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ITS
EXTENSION
NOVEMBER 18, 1915
INDEX
PAGE
History of Artesian Well Supply_______________ 131
Future Supply of Water____________________ 132
Quality of Water _______________________ 134
Pumpage of Water_______________________ 135
Cost of Pumping______________________'__ 136
Description and Condition of Equipment__________ 136
Wells and Conduits.______________________ 136
Necessity for Extension of System_____________ 139
Additional Wells Required__________________ 141
Force Main and Distributing System___________ 142
Meters _____________________________ 143
Drainage Pipe Crossing Conduit_______________ 144
Miscellaneous Work Recently Done_____________ 145
Comparison of Air Lift System with Individual Well Pumps 146
Recommendations __________ 148
Estimates of Cost_______________________ 152
Conclusion _____J.__ _ 154
Savannah, Ga., November 18th, 1915.
Honorable Mayor and Aldermen,
Savannah, Ga.
Gentlemen:
In accordance with your request, I am submitting the following report on our present water supply system, its capacity, the
efficiency of operation of same, the necessity for extension and
my recommendations for extending the supply.
In connection with the present supply and future requirements, there is also considered information concerning the past
and present available ground water supply, together with the
probably availability of this supply as well as surface water
supply.
HISTORY OF ARTESIAN WELL SUPPLY
The first known experiment made in order to obtain an
artesian flow was in 1882, by the late Mayor Dan G. Purse. To
the surprise of the people a flow of pure water was obtained, so
that in 1885, after three wells had been bored in the city and
three on Tybee Island, and all of these had resulted satisfactorily,
the city, in 1886, bored their first artesian well, and at the end
of 1887 the river supply was abandoned.
In 1888-1889 the number of wells driven at the old water
works site amounted to twenty-three, but by 1890 the demand
for water grew to such an extent that the supply from the artesian
wells became inadequate, and it was found necessary to again
resort to the river supply.
At the end of 1890 one of the wells at the Gwinnett Street
Station was completed and connected to the system so that it
became unnecessary to continue the use of the river water, but
this was only temporary, for in 1891 there was some trouble in
obtaining a sufficient supply by direct flow, and it was again
132 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
found necessary to resort to the river; then the city adopted a
project for increasing the artesian well supply and installing an
air lift system, and after same was completed in 1902, the water
supply problem was solved, and since then the supply has been
obtained solely from the artesian well system.
FUTURE SUPPLY OF WATER
Before considering an extension of the Water Works System, involving a considerable expenditure of money, we should
make as thorough investigation as possible to ascertain if the
subterranean supply will be capable of producing a sufficient
amount of water for a considerable period of time with the increased draft upon same, and also whether the cost for obtaining
the necessary supply by pumping will not be out of proportion
to the operating cost of obtaining a surface water supply, but at
the same time quality of the supply must be considered.
When the artesian wells were first driven they were selfflowing, but in the course of a very few years the static head of
the wells increased and the flow rapidly decreased. At the time
this gave considerable concern, but after an investigation it was
found that the subterranean supply still existed, but on account
of driving a number of wells close together the draft upon the
subterranean supply at that point influenced the flow, and
mechanical methods were resorted to in order to go after the
water.
At first it was supposed that the wells were choked and
water pressure was applied to the wells, temporarily resulting in
an increased flow; later air compressors were installed for the
purpose of carrying compressed air into the wells at a calculated
distance below the top of the well, which varied from 60 to 100
feet. This method resulted in a decided increase in flow.
To sight the result of the air lift system, let us compare the
flow of the wells at the Gwiryiett Street Station at the time the
air lifts were installed and since, then.
On December 9th, 1892, a pumping test was made of the
seven wells then connected and completed. These seven wells
MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT 133
gave a flow of seven million gallons per day. These corrseponding seven wells recently have given a daily supply of between
nine and ten million gallons, showing that as far as the supply
is concerned, an 'increased amount of water has been obtained
from same.
A recent test of the thirteen wells, at the Gwinnett Street
Station, gave a flow of approximately sixteen million gallons,
which amount was very little, if ever, exceeded at any time since
the air lift system has been installed. Without any doubt, thta
amount will be increased to approximately seventeen to eighteen
million gallons with a re-arrangement of the submergence of the
air lift pipe in the wells.
To the layman the submergence of the air lift pipe is little
understood, but it 'is one of the important features of the pumping system, and a systematic study of each well is needed at this
time, which will result in increasing the flow of the wells.
Referring to the" report of the Government Geologist and
Chemist, who, with other government officials have made a study
of the subterranean water supply of this section of the country,
and they state that there are water bearing subterranean stratas
of vast extent in the southern and southeastern portion of Georgia. At Savannah one of same is found at a depth of 350 to 50d
feet.
The catchment area drawn upon for the city's supply at
Savannah lies between the Oconee River, in Laurens County, and
the Savannah River, in Screven County, which territory is from
50 to 75 miles from Savannah. Rain water entering the catchment within this area moves slowly by gravity, and its passage
is facilitated by pores and cavities in the limestone.
Just as long as rain water falls there will be a regular and
continuous flow to the aquifer from which our water is drawn,
and it would appear that the only trouble that may be anticipated
for many years to come is perhaps the heavy draft at some one
locality where many wells are bunched together, which will result
in the lowering of the static head and which will necessitate a
greater expense in going after this water.
134 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
It is my opinion that the city can, without any reservation
or fear, extend a system of wells and increase the capacity of
its pumping apparatus so that there will be an ample supply of
water for a period of time equal to the expected life of the
apparatus that may be installed.
Without considering the quality of water, if the city considers a surface water supply from the Savannah River or the
Ogeechee River, the initial outlay would be many times the
necessary expenditure for increasing the artesian well supply,
and for either river pumping and filtering would have to be
resorted to, which in all probability would result in cost of operation of a surface water supply system equal to or greater than
the operating cost for obtaining water from the artesian well
supply for a considerable period of rime, say perhaps fifteen or
twenty years.
QUALITY OF WATER
From reports received from Prof. Whipple and from Messrs.
Dole and Stephenson, they express an opinion that the water
being obtained from the aquifer is not contaminated.
The reason for the local contamination of our water supply
has been found to be due to mechanical defects in the conduit
or in the wells, and this local contamination appears to have been
almost entirely overcome by the elimination of certain wells
whose casings have undoubtedly been perforated by surface
water by the discontinuance of a portion of our brick conduit,
which was found to be badly broken; by the stoppage of certain
leaks in the cast iron conduit and by the general overhauling of
flanges and connections and cleaning out of certain conduits.
The report of Prof. Whipple shows from chemical analyses
that the water is suitable for domestic and industrial use; that
it contains no encrustments; that it is much cooler water than
surface water and it is his opinion that the artesian well water
would be more satisfactory than the filtered surface water, and
that it is for the best interest of the city to hold to the well water
supply for as long a time as possible, and that the city should
take necessary steps to protect and conserve same.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 135
Chemical analyses were made by Prof. Whipple of Savannah
River water and Ogeechee River water. With either of these
waters, in order to obtain a suitable supply for, domestic use, it
would be necessary to adopt mechanical filtration. For the purification of the water, that not only alum, but lime and soda would
have to be used, either with the Savannah River water or the
Ogeechee River water. 'Of course, the softness of the surface
supply would be many times greater than with the artesian well
supply.
Mr. R. B. Dole, Government Chemist, reports there is nothing found in the analyses of the artesian well supply which is in
any way detrimental to health. All the waters contain so little
iron as to be practically negligible for households, laundries or
dye works, and that the analyses does not indicate the presence
of anything deleterious to health.
PUMPAGE OF WATER
The average daily pumpage from 1871 to 1880 was 1.6
million gallons, but at that time there were many private wells
in use, so that the pumpage of the water does not truly indicate
the consumption. Between 1881 and 1890 the daily pumpage
amounted to 4.8 million gallons; between 1891 and 1900, 6.4
million gallons; between 1901 and 1910, 8.6 million gallons.
Assuming the same daily increase should occur for the next
twenty years that has occurred for the decades between 1881 and
1910; the consumption from 1911 to 1920 would be approximately 12 million gallons, and from 1921 to 1930 would be
approximately 16 million gallons.
Now, the average daily consumption does not at all regulate
the requirements for pumping the necessary supply. For instance, during the months of July and August the daily consumption is ten per cent, greater than for the average of the year;
then the daily consumption varies, so that the requirements for
pumping must be equal to the maximum daily requirements for
domestic use, plus what might be required for emergency use,
such as for serious conflagration covering many hours, or per-
136 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
haps a day. Exclusive of what might be required for fire purposes, there is a record of a daily consumption during the cold
spell in winter of 16 million gallons pumpage.
COST OF PUMPING
Taking the cost for the last ten years, the cost of pumping
at the Gwinnett Street Station has averaged $12.50 per million
gallons pumped. This includes the operating expenses of the
plant, but does not include extension of main or other expenditures.
The cost of operation at River Station from 1909 to 1914,
six years, has averaged $37.51 per million gallons pumped.
The total expenditures for the water works for the ten years,
1905 to 1914, was $679,716.00. The total revenue for the ten
years was $1,255,664.00; this revenue has not been set aside for
a sinking fund for extension, but has been applied to the current
revenue from which expenditures were made for all departments.
DESCRIPTION OF THE EQUIPMENT AT THE
PUMPING STATION WITH DESCRIPTION OF
CONDUITS, RESERVOIR AND WELLS
GWINNETT STREET STATION
Two Holly-Gaskill Duplex Pumps, installed in 1892, rated
capacity 9,500,000 gallons per day.
Two Rand Air Compressors, Corliss Type, installed in 1902-
1903. Each has a rated capacity of 1,800 cubic feet of air per
minute.
Six horizontal return tubular boilers, installed in 1892, maximum steam pressure allowed, 100 pounds.
Fuel used, bituminous coal.
WELLS
Twelve 12" wells, located on Stiles Avenue, possibly 300 feet
apart; depth of the wells, 500 feet. One well, Gwinnett Street,
1,500 feet deep.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 137
CONDUIT RESERVOIR
The twelve wells on Stiles Avenue flow into a 6 ft. diameter
brick conduit, by gravity flow the water is carried to a pump well
inside the water works building. The one well on Gwinnett
Street is connected with the pump well by a 12" cast iron pipe.
There is no other reservoir than the conduit above referred to
and the pump well. The capacity of the pump well is 65,000
gallons, of the conduit 900,000 gallons, but only about 600,000
gallons is available, for the suction pipe leading to main pump
can only go to within about 3 feet of the bottom of the pump
well. The city has no stand pipe or storage basin. The condition
of the pump engine is fair. They have been in continuous use
for 23 years.
The condition of the Rand Compressors is fairly good.
The boilers'having been in service for 23 years, and cannot
carry the steam pressure they were built for, but are in fair condition.
As far as is known at this moment the casing of the wells
are in good condition, and the piping from the wells to the main,
and the piping from the compressors to the pumps have not
seriously deteriorated, otherwise there would be an interference
with the working of the wells.
The air lift system needs a thorough adjustment.
The building is in excellent condition, of fireproof construction, and has very little hazard from the outside.
The conduit connecting the twelve wells is of brick and
concrete construction. The bottom of the invert is level, with
the exception of about 300 feet, where the maximum depression
is 4J/2 feet. This depression was necessary at the time of construction on account of passing under the old Ogeechee Canal
and under a ditch draining quite an area to the west of the
conduit.
Recently, when it was found that the water was somewhat
contaminated, a very close inspection was made of the condition
of the reservoir. The remaining portion of the reservoir is
generally in good condition. A few leaks were found, and
138 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
naturally there must be some percolation through the brick at
certain localities as the conduit passes supersaturated soil.
RIVER STATION
There are installed two Worthington Compound Duplex
Pumps, one with rated capacity of five million gallons per day
and the other with seven and one-half million gallons per day.
The condition of the pumps is fair.
There is one Ingersoll-Rand Air Compressor, with rated
capacity of 800 cubic feet of air per minute, the condition of
which is good.
One of the pumps has been in use for 43 years, the other
33 years.
The air compressor has only been in use seven years.
There are three boilers of the horizontal return tubular type,
which were installed in 1908 and 1910, and are in good condition.
WELLS
Originally there were twenty-five wells, but many have been
killed, and at this time only thirteen are in operation. These
wells are irregularly located within a quarter of a mile of the
station and are connected by cast iron pipe to a receiving reservoir of about 365,000 gallons capacity. From this reservoir the
water is pumped direct into a 24-inch main leading to the city.
The wells that are in operation range from 4 to 6 inches in
diameter and have a depth of from 400 to 500 feet.
There is no certainty of the casing of some of these wells
being in good condition, for the removal of one developed corosion to such an extent that the piping showed a hole of 54 of
an inch in diameter, and other portions of the casing was more or
less pitted.
Some of the wells are located under buildings in yards now
occupied by private corporations, and where it is difficult to
control the drainage condition around same. In my opinion, it
will only be a short time before contamination of the water may
occur by reason of bad casings.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 139
The reservoir is in good condition.
The building enclosing the pumping apparatus is in good
condition, but the fire hazard is considerable, there being a box
factory close' to the building on one side, and a building where
tin cans are manufactured on the other side. The maximum
capacity of the wells at this time is approximately 6,000,000
gallons.
There is a conduit leading to the river, but the suction pipe
has not been capable of operating for many years, nor is it at
this time, on account of being closed by mud and debris around
the end of the pipe.
OPERATION
The two pumps and the two air compressors are running
alternatively about a month at a time, except in case of fire,
when it is necessary to immediately put both into operation.
There are two batteries of three boilers each, and the three
boilers are used in rotation, three at a time.
The normal pressure in the main at the pumping station
ranges from 47 to 50 pounds, and this pressure is maintained in
the main in the city. The pressure at the various hydrants
ranges from 40 to 45 pounds.
The station is operated continuously in three 12-hour shifts.
At the River Station, pumping is only carried on during the
day, but the station is operated continuously with three shifts,
the same as the Gwinnett Street Station.
NECESSITY FOR EXTENSION OF OUR WATER
SUPPLY SYSTEM
The capacity of the wells is not equal to the maximum rate
required for domestic consumption and fire, should a fire occur
when the rate of domestic consumption is at or near its maximum.
At this time there may be obtained from the wells at the
Gwinnett Street Station sixteen million gallons.
From the River Station 6,000,000 gallons, making a total of
twenty-two million gallons.
140 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
There has been pumped for domestic purposes alone during
a cold spell of weather, a supply at the rate of over fifteen million
gallons. In case of a prolonged fire there should be available
an excess supply over that required for domestic use, of from
nine to ten million gallons per day. The increased required
supply can be readily obtained, and is a small matter as compared
with the requirements for pumping and delivering same.
The most dangerous feature of our system is the lack of any
reservoir or storage. If, during a fire of any extent, one of the
compressors got out of order at the Gwinnett Street Station, and
by chance the only one pumping was at the River Station, there
would be no water supply to speak of, for the wells are not selfflowing and the pumping engines would draw from the reservoir
all water available within one hour or less.
With the breaking down of one pump and the air compressors in operation there would be a serious reduction and loss of
pressure in the main with only one pump at Gwinnett Street
working.
Economy is not possible under the present method of operation with two pumping stations. As shown above, the cost of
pumping at Gwinnett Street Station is only $12.50 per million
gallons pumped, whereas at the River Station it is $37.51 per
million gallons pumped, and if the water pumped at the old
station was pumped at the Gwinnett Street Station, allowing for
fuel necessary to pump same, there would have been a saving of
$48,000.00 to the city during the past six years, or $8,000 per
year.
The pumping equipment is so limited that if a general overhauling of the pumps should be required it would necessitate the
shutting down of the pumps for a considerable length of time,
and the shut down might be very serious in case of a serious fire
occurring during the overhauling, and with the plant that has
been in operation for twenty-three years, it would not be at all
surprising to have a break, which might require a shut down for
a considerable period of time.
The conduit connecting the wells on Stiles Avenue with the
pumping wells at the Gwinnett Street Station is constructed of
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 141
brick and concrete. The invert being of concrete lined with
brick; the arch entirely of brick.
While, as stated above, the condition of this conduit is
generally good, yet the type of material used in same would not
be considered of the best type at this date on account of the
danger of percolation of surface water from the outside into the
conduit. A slight contamination may occur after rain, due to
percolation. It is very difficult to make satisfactory repairs or
to keep it clean, on account of not being able to shut off the
water, for to do so would entirely cut off the supply of water,
other than a small amount derived from the River Station.
While this conduit, in my opinion, will be suitable for use
for many years to come, yet, on account of its being located in
supersaturated soil, it may require a good deal of attention in the
future and there should be constructed at as early a date as possible an auxilary reservoir.
The equipment at the Gwinnett Street Station, while capable
of pumping all water that is now available from the thirteen
wells, provided both units are put into operation, would not be
capable of supplying the necessary amount of water with an
extension of the well system and the cutting off of the River
Station.
The necessity for either an additional air compressor or for
individually electrically operated pumps at the wells is apparent.
If the extension of our water supply is favorably acted upon;
likewise the installation of additional boilers to furnish steam
for the operation of the pumping equipment.
ADDITIONAL WELLS REQUIRED
It is apparent that the city will be benefitted by the abandonment of the River Station, after the extension of the system is
made at the Gwinnett Street Station. The operation will be
carried on at one central point. The elimination of a questionable supply now being derived from the River Station will be
accomplished.
The installation of a new pump, a new compressor or electrically driven pump units with new boilers will considerably
142 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
reduce the unit cost of obtaining water, for the new units could
be used continuously for domestic use and the old units held for
emergency use; extension then of wells should be made at
Gwinnett Street Station.
It has been ascertained that the greatest flow has been obtained from wells located in an approximately north and south
line. Further, it has been determined that there has been no
appreciable increased flow from the very deep wells. The greatest water-bearing strata lies at a depth of approximately 500 feet,
therefore, with the extension of wells it would appear that they
should be driven on a line prolonged from the series of wells
from Stiles Avenue. This can be readily done by driving a line
of wells on Stiles Avenue west of Gwinnett Street, and they can
be spaced from 300 to 400 feet apart.
With the construction of a large reservoir near the pumping
station it would not be necessary to construct a reservoir conduit,
but one of such size that will accomodate the flow from additional
wells that will be driven at this time and with the flow that may
be expected from additional wells that will be driven in the
future.
FORCE MAIN AND DISTRIBUTING PIPES OVER
THE CITY
From the Gwinnett Street Station a force main extends for
a distance of 3,900 feet on Gwinnett Street to West Broad Street,
where it connects with the large arteries of the distribution system.
A 24-inch main extends from the River Station about 8,700
feet to a distributing system in the vicinity of Ogeechee Canal.
Should a break occur in the single 42-inch main from the
Gwinnett Street Station to the distributing station the water
supply of the city would be practically cut off, as the supply
from the River Station would be wholly inadequate
The Board of Underwriters have recommended an additional
force main to be laid from the Gwinnett Street Station to the
distributing system by a different route.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 143
Prof. Whipple, in his report recommends, in order to rectify
the lack of fire protection, a new force main to the city, and if
the River Station is abandoned there should be a connection
from the new main from Gwinnett Street Station to the present
main that runs from the River Station so as to give adequate
fire protection to the northwest section of the manufacturing
district.
Of course, there is at this time a connection between the
Gwinnett Street force main with the 24-inch main from the River
Station, this consisting of a 24-inch pipe down West Broad Street,
but there are several arteries connecting with this supply pipe,
and with the abandonment of the River Station, the independent
sub-main should be run between the two force mains.
The system of main feeders throughout the old portion of
the city is well laid, although there are insufficient connections
and also several mains required to be extended and looped.
There are a number of 4-inch pipes located in different parts
of the city, which should be replaced at as early a date as practical.
METERS
The consumption of water in Savannah is very high, varying
from 120 to 150 gallons per capita per day. At this time it is
approximately 140 gallons.
A large per cent of the population of the city are negroes,
which, unless there is a great waste with the fixtures, would be
expected to use very much less water per capita than the white
population.
Many of the manufacturing establishments, hotels and railroads have their individual wells or derive water from the river.
There must be and is a great amount of waste water, and as
Prof. Whipple states in his report, that a tremendous waste exists
from the fact of the large amount of night pumping, which
amounts to nearly % f tne day rate.
A pitometer survey was made in 1911 at a cost of several
thousand dollars, and the survey showed that there were no large
leaks in the mains, but that the wastage occurred from innumer-
144 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
able small leaks in the mains and the flush tanks in the sewer
man holes holds very much more water than is necessary and
there is a great deal of waste with same.
To conserve the supply of water may lengthen the period of
time when the artesian water system can be used. The restriction of waste will reduce the pumping cost. The introduction of
meters will bring about a great reduction in the consumption or
rather waste of water.
At the present time there are in service 243 meters, and
these are generally placed with the large consumers.
DRAINAGE PIPE CROSSING WATER CONDUIT
Referring to the drainage pipe that cuts into the top of the
6-ft. reservoir conduit in Stiles Avenue, I would state that all
danger from contamination of the water supply has been obliterated. There has been constructed in this 3-ft. drainage pipe
two brick bulkheads, one on either side of where it intersects
the water reservoir, so that there will be no flow through the
drainage pipe where it passes over and through'a portion of the
reservoir. I have been able to bring this about by tapping the
Park Avenue sewer about 1,000 feet west of Stiles Avenue, and
for the present the flow west of Park Avenue will enter Magazine
Ditch, but the prospective drainage work on the west side will
provide for a sewer that will intersect the present sewer and the
flow can be transferred to the new sewer. The flow east of
Park Avenue will go direct into Springfield Canal. This arrangement need not be considered to be permanent, for when the new
water reservoir is constructed the drainage pipe can be carried
under the new reservoir pipe, but this arrangement at this time
would be impractical on account of the danger of breaking the
main water conduit, which, if it occurred, would be disastrous,
as it would cut off the water supply until the reservoir could be
rebuilt at this point.
MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT 145
WORK THAT HAS BEEN DONE RECENTLY
GWINNETT STREET STATION
The elimination of the brick Conduit between wells Nos. 7
and 8 by means of constructing bulkheads in the culvert near
each man hole.
The laying of a 24-inch cast iron pipe for a by-pass between
the two wells so that the flow of the five wells north of the broken
section of the conduit can be carried to the pump well.
The uncovering of the well head flanges and other connections at each of the twelve wells on Gwinnett Street with the
construction of brick houses around each well head with wooden
covers.
The cleaning of the brick conduit of sand and floculent
matter between wells Nos. 7 and 12, together with the caulking
of small leaks that were found in this section of the conduit.
The placing of pet cocks on wells at Gwinnett Street in order
to better ascertain the pressure on each well.
Determining the air pressure on each well.
Testing the capacity of the Gwinnett Street wells.
Overhauling the piping of wells Nos. 9, 11 and 12.
The covering of pump well at Gwinnett Street Station and
also covering of the flowing well just outside the building.
New housing around steam exhaust well and also around
cut-off valve from overflow chamber, housing around hydrants
and for protection of fire hose kept within same.
The installation of hypo-chlorite apparatus.
RIVER STATION
The covering of reservoir with sheet metal.
The installation of hypo-chlorite apparatus.
Putting in pet cocks in well connections, in order to obtain
samples of water and also to determine the air pressure in wells.
The uncovering of the greater portion of the conduit leading
to the conduit from the well.
The removal of 140 feet of well casing, in order to ascertain
its condition.
146 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
The filling of five wells, supposedly contaminated, with concrete.
Making test of air pressure on a number of wells and also
testing the capacity of the wells.
Overhauling many flange joints and connections, both at
this station and at the Gwinnett Street Station.
The removal of toilet from the building and constructing
one at the river.
A great deal of work has been done by the Bacteriologist in
analyzing water from the wells, reservoir and conduits at both
stations, in order to ascertain the condition of the water and
much more miscellaneous work was done than above noted, in
order to ascertain where and how the contamination of the water
supply took place.
The amount of extraordinary expenditures resulting in the
water situation to date is $8,000.00.
COMPARISON OF THE AIR LIFT SYSTEM WITH
INDIVIDUAL WELL PUMPS
When the artesian wells were first operated they were selfflowing and no auxiliary method of obtaining water was necessary. With the lowering of the static head (by this is meant the
difference in elevation between the surface of the water in the
well and the discharge pipe), the water was raised to the receiving reservoir by the means of compressed air. The pipe carrying
the compressed air from the air compressor to the wells has a
certain required submergence in the wells, which is definitely
fixed in order to bring about the greatest efficiency of flow. With
the air compressor system there can be a large number of wells
widely separated, and a considerable distance from the air compressor, and all can be operated from one central system. It is
more reliable and more durable than individual well pumps. The
cost of raising the water, after the plant is once installed, is
claimed to be less by the individual pump system than by the air
compressor system. The initial cost of the individual well pump is
very much greater than the cost of air compressor with necessary
piping. It is further claimed that the air lift system will increase
,
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 147
the pumpage over the individual well pumps, provided there is
sufficient air and it is properly controlled. While the fuel cost
of the air lift system operation is higher as compared with
economical plunger pump; again, with the air lift system secondary pumping is necessary, whereas with the individual well
pumps the flow from the well can be pumped directly into the
force main, this method would require the centrifugal type of
deep well pump. In order to install plunger pumps, it is necessary to increase the size of the casing to provide for the submergence cylinder and valves. This materially increases the
cost of installation, and if any sand is brought up from the well,
the maintenance cost of keeping the cylinders in good condition
is considerable. In order to adapt centrifugal type of deep well
pumps, the casing must also be enlarged and must be absolutely
straight, and the use of this type of well pump brings about a
most economical fuel cost, and is claimed to be more reliable
than the plunger type. If electrically operated, I see no reason
why the individual well pumps cannot be controlled from one
central station, but this method of operation is more expensive
than individual steam operated pumps. Owing to the comparatively small loss incurred in transmitting, air pipe wells can be
operated at a long distance from the central point, where the air
compressor is located. We have wells in operation approximately 3,000 feet from the air compressor at the Gwinnett Street
Station, yet it has been ascertained that the loss of compression
at the furthermost well has been but a very few pounds less
than the nearest well, which is 200 feet from the pumping station.
The efficiency of the air lift system depends to a large
extent, as stated before, upon the proper submergence of the air
pipe into the well, which usually varies one and one-half to two
times the difference in elevation between pumping level and the
point of discharge, and also the method of distributing the air
at the foot of the air lift pipe. There are patented devices for
distributing the air at the foot of the air pipe, and records are
on file where the adoption of these patented devices has increased
the flow of the wells as much as 40%. It is my opinion that the
efficiency of our present wells can be materially increased with
148 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
the adoption of an air distributing device, such as are in use at
other plants.
1 am not prepared at this time to express an opinion as to
which method of raising the water at our wells would be most
economical and most advantageous. To determine this would
require much detail study, and I should like to visit the cities
that have adopted the individual well pump system, in order to
thoroughly inspect the existing conditions at these localities, and
compare the existing conditions here with the conditions there,
and to study the cost of operation and the initial cost of installation. The cost of installation and operation of the air compressor
system is well determined by our experience, but a further study
of the other system is worthy. From all the information so far
gathered there are not many places where the individual well
system has been adopted.
If further investigation would indicate that the individual
well pump system would be adaptable for existing conditions
here proposals can be invited from the manufacturers of well
pumps as well as from manufacturers of air compressor systems,
calling for proper guarantees, and acceptance can be made for
the proposal that would appear most advantageous to the city,
however, such an advertisement would no doubt bring many
proposals with guarantees which would not be fully understood
unless a previous thorough investigation of the pumping system
was made.
RECOMMENDATIONS
1st. Eight new wells near the Gwinnett Street Station,
estimated to increase the supply nine and one-half million gallons.
In recommending this number it is estimated that the River
Station will be abandoned.
2nd. Installation of fifteen million gallon duplex pump,
capable of furnishing seventy pound pressure in the force main.
3rd. Installation of air compressor with capacity of not less
than 2,500 cubic feet of compressed air per minute, or as an
alternate to this, the installation of electrically operated individual well pumps.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 149
4th. The construction of a two million gallon reservoir to
be located within the water works tract at Gwinnett Street Station.
5th. To install an extra battery of boilers.
6th. To make addition to building, if found necessary, for
installation of new pump and other equipment. The present
stack is of ample size and height to furnish draft for additional
boilers and there is plenty of space for installation of extra
boilers. It may be necessary to put an ell on the main building
for the extra pump.
7th. Abandon River Station for domestic use, but it may be
advisable to keep in working condition the pump and other equipment for emergency use, and if this is done, it is further recommended that the suction pipe to the river be put in working
condition. The abandonment of this station, together with the
operation of the new units at the Gwinnett Street Station, will
materially reduce the cost of pumping.
8th. Construct an auxilary force main from the Gwinnett
Street Station to West Broad Street; also a 24-inch pipe from
the 42-inch force main to the river main, which supplies water
for the greater portion of the manufacturing district, which main,
while necessary for domestic purposes, would be a safeguard
for fire purposes.
9th. To construct new conduit from the new wells to the
new reservoir, and to construct connections from the conduit to
the individual wells.
10th. To connect the new reservoir with the old conduit
on Stiles Avenue.
11 th. To repair the broken section of conduit on Stiles
Avenue between wells Nos. 7 and 8 with cast iron pipe, and to
do the work in such a manner that this section will become a
part of the new conduit when it becomes necessary to construct
same to take the place of the present brick conduit.
12th. To immediately take necessary steps to conserve the
water supply of the city by adopting more vigorous method in
having property owners stop leakages, and also have various
city departments exercise greater care as regards the use of
150 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT______
water, and to gradually require the installation of meters. If it
is believed that the installation of house meters cannot be successfully done at the start, it is recommended that all large
consumers of water be required to have the consumption of water
metered.
13th. To improve the distribution system of water pipes
throughout the city. Some small mains should be replaced by
large ones, especially the 4-inch type.
14th. Making a study of the air lift syphoning in the Stiles
Avenue wells with the expectation of improving the method of
delivering air at the foot of the pipe.
15th. Abandonment of the present method of lighting
Gwinnett Street Station with its own power, purchasing necessary lighting from one of the electric light companies. This will
make a saving of $700.00 per year.
16th. Increasing the size of the coal bins so that the
capacity of same can be made considerably larger.
17th. Installing valve in well connections with the reservoir, so that when any water main fails to act that there will not
be a flow back into the wells from the reservoir; also the installing of apparatus whereby it will be known at the pumping station
whenever any wells fail to pick up or is not in operation.
To pass an ordinance requiring manufacturing plants or
other corporations, who have connections between the river
supply and our force main to install valves satisfactory to the
city and to arrange for regular inspection of same.
To pass an ordinance governing the control, as far as it is
legal to do so, of individual wells within the city limits, so that
if. in abandoning it, it should be properly plugged to prevent
any possibility of the contamination of aquifer with surface
water.
18th. To make necessary research work, which will embody
a study of existing conditions as to waste with a view to introducing a meter system.
To make a systematic study of the distribution pipes over
the city, together with the spacing of the valves and hydrants,
MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT 151
with a view of making such changes and extensions as may be
found necessary, to extend and systematize the office records.
To make a study of the wells now in operation by ascertaining the well flow of each.
The static head of each under different conditions.
The proper submergence of the air lift pipes.
This is very important, for in my opinion, it is possible to
increase the flow of the present wells materially. Ascertaining
the increase in the static head, from the time they were driven,
of the wells in this section, would, if there was sufficient data
available, to 'assist materially in determining how long the city
can obtain water from the subterranean supply.
19th. Regular analyses of the water should be made, and in
connection with this work I would recommend monthly chemical
analyses of the Savannah River and Ogeechee River flow. Complete analyses may not be necessary, but such data obtained as
will show varibility of the character of the water under freshet
and normal conditions; also conditions for various seasons of the
year.
20th. Frequent inspection should be made of the brick
conduit and necessary analyses of the water should be made
from the flow coming from the conduit into the pump well, in
order to determine whether any contamination occurred from
percolation into the conduit from the outside.
As stated before, this conduit may sometime in the future
cause trouble with the water, and if finances will permit of replacing this conduit with cast iron or steel pipe, I would consider
it a worthy improvement; however, this work cannot be done
until a new reservoir is constructed and the water supply increased by driving additional wells.
21st. In order to systematically and intelligently carry out
necessary research work, and also to give assistance to the Superintendent of the Water Works it is deemed necessary to recommend to you the employment of an assistant experienced in water
works construction and also who had experience and training
as a sanitary engineer.
152 MAYOR'S AXXUAL REPORT
ESTIMATES OF COST
1st. Boring eight 10-inch artesian wells, estimated
to increase the supply nine and one-half million
gallons. In estimating this number it is estimated that the River Station will be abandoned _________________________$ 8,000.00
2nd. Fifteen million gallon duplex pump______ 35,000.00
2-A. Constructing foundation, installing pump and
making connections to well and force main__ 6,000.00
3rd. Installation of air compressor__________ 15,000.00
4th. Two million gallon concrete reservoir with concrete cover ____________________ 50,000.00
5th. Installation of two boilers, including foundation and connections ______________ 5,000.00
6th. Extending ell to building to accomodate equipment __________________________ 2,000.00
8th. Auxilary 42-inch force main to West Broad
Street ______________________ 30,000.00
Auxilary 24-inch main Gwinnett Street to
River Station force main____________ 15,000.00
9th. New conduit connecting new wells with reservoir and reservoir with pump well_______ 30,000.00
10th. To connect new reservoir with old conduit on
Stiles Avenue __________________ 5,000.00
12th. It is expected that the users of water will pay
cost of installing meters___________________
13th. A more thorough study of the distribution system is required before even an approximate
estimate can be prepared.
16th. Increasing capacity of coal bins________ 1,000.00
17th. Installing gate valves in 13 wells and installing
electrically operated contrivance at the pumping station to indicate the working of the wells, 300.00
20th. To re-construct cast iron pipe conduit in place
of brick conduit _________________ 35,000.00
The above totals ________________$237,300.00
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT 153
The amount at first glance appears to be a pretty large sum
for the rehabilitating and extension of the water works system,
but when it is borne in mind that the net revenue for the last ten
years only amounted to $576,000.00, and that no sinking fund has
been created to provide for extension or rehabilitating of the
water works system, the amount called for at this time is not so
unreasonable.
Anticipating that it is out of the question to call for a bond
issue at this time for such an expenditure, and further, that the
current revenue cannot be drawn from for any such amount, I
am submitting the following estimates of the more urgent expenditures, anticipating that all of the recommendations made
above cannot be carried out next year or possibly the year following.
The most urgent work, with estimates of cost of same, assuming that River Station will be abandoned after the following
work is done:
1st. Boring eight new wells_____________$ 8,000.00
2nd. Purchase of pump and installation of same
with connections ________________ 39,000.00
3rd. Air Compressor _________________ 15,000.00
(NOTEIf when proposals are received and accepted for electrically operated individual
pumps, initial cost is estimated at $32,000.00.)
4th. One million gallon reservoir__________ 25,000.00
(This can be constructed so as to extend and
enlarge same to two million gallons the following year.)
5th. It is my opinion that the present boiler, with
steam furnished by the Destructor Plant, can
be used the coming year and the installation of
new boilers can go over to the following year.
8th. While the laying of a force main has been
recommended by the Fire Underwriters and by
Prof. Whipple, this work, if necessary, can be
postponed another year.
154 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT
9th. To construct new conduit connecting the new
wells with the new reservoir and to connect
new reservoir with pump well__________ 30,000.00
10th. Connect new reservoir with old conduit pipe_ 5,000.00
llth. To repair broken section of conduit on Stiles
Avenue _______________________ 5,000.00
$121,000.00
Your Superintendent of Water Works has for many years
urged the installation of new pump and other necessary equipment to operate same; Fire Underwriters have repeatedly urged
an extension of the water supply system. The experts who have
reviewed the situation have also noted the serious shortage of
water supply with the lack of equipment for furnishing supply
for fire purposes; for domestic use the present well supply and
equipment furnishes the necessary amount.
The City of Savannah need not anticipate going to a large
expenditure for surface water for many years to come, but the
water supply should be conserved in every way possible.
I have but recently been called upon to inspect and become
acquainted with the conditions as regards pump equipment, wells
and connections, but it is very apparent that we are liable to have
trouble at any time with the old equipment. We may have
trouble with the old wells on account of defective casings and
not only should we consider the extension of the water supply
for fire protection, but also for health protection, and the recommendations that have been made by the Fire Underwriters, your
Superintendent of Water Works and others are endorsed by me.
Respectfully yours,
E. R. CONANT,
Chief Engineer.