Annual report of Rufus E. Lester, Mayor of the city of Savannah for the year ending September 30, 1886 to which is added the treasurer's report and reports of the different departments

ANNUAL REPORT
-OF-
-L \_ W
H H
ATA' H
MAYOR OF THE CITY OF SAVANNAH',
-FOR THEYESR ENDING DECEMBER 31, 11
-TO WHICH IS ADDED THE
TREASUIErS SEPOKT.
-ANDREPORTS OF THE DIFFERENT DEPARTMENTS.
SAVANNAH, GA.:
SAVANNAH TIMES STEAM PRINTING HOUSE.
1887.

MAYOR'S
CITY OF SAVANNAH,
MAYOR'S OFFICE, Jan. i, 1887.
FELLOW CITIZENS : My report of the "Financial Receipts and
Expenditures" of the city for the year 1886 is respectfully sub
mitted for your information.
The Treasurer's report is hereto appended as part of this re
port; and for general information the reports of the various city
officers concerning their respective departments will be appended
and published.
The receipts for the year, exclusive of the balance on hand on the
1st of January last, have been $580,840 17. The expenditures
have been $618,928 16, leaving a balance in the treasury of
$5,252 83.
The general purposes for which the money has been expended
and the sources from which the revenue has been derived are
shown by a "trial balance" of the Treasury books as follows :
TRIAL BALANCE, DECEMBER 31, 1886.
Expenditures. Receipts.
Asphalt pavement $29,60636 $ 15,32352
Board of Health 22,46559 11 50
Board of Health O. E. M 10,27292 4,99911
Bond compromise I
,303 80
City clocks 112 60
City Court 3,957 02
City Exchange 169 25
City lamps 24,929 00
4 MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
City lots 45,31800
Coupons from bonds of 1879 169,226 24
Coupons from bonds of 1883 ^7<759 9
1
Coupons from old city bonds 1,009 37
Interest 150 53
Docks and wharves 522 59
Dry culture 21,793 99
Fees 1,690 75
Fire Department 40,713 40
Ground rents
Incidentals 4,378 11
Jail
Laurel Grove Cemetery 6,108 69
Licenses
Market 5,664 14
Matured city bonds, issue of 1866 100 00
Opening streets 1,10000
Parks andsquares 10,140 29
Police 56,626 86
Police Court 54 50
Printingand Stationery 1,835 06
Public buildings 766 65
Quarantine 2,840 24
Rents
Salaries 18,387 96
Scavenger Department 16, 14996
Sinking fund bonds of 1879 22,598 75
Sinking fund bonds of 1883 6,022 50
Streets and lanes 44,709 40
Taxes,1879
Taxes,1880
Taxes,1881
Taxes,1882
Taxes,1883
Taxes,1884
Taxes, 1885 22597
Taxes, 1886 205 46
Water Works 30,012 30
2,440 00
212 92
242 OO
12, 444 73
197 5i
29. 134 78
27 55
285 47
1,462 75
60, 852 50
17,783 20
25000
60 50
333 5o
4,842 50
87 00
4,984 00
3,220 50
1,088 50
15 00
18 75
1875
108 10
359 15
2,149 77
79,435 77
290,547 20
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 5
Cash on hand Dec. 31,1886 5,25283
Balance account of ledger, being cash
on hand Jan. 1, 1886 43,34082
Total $624,180 99 $624,180 99
Interest coupons to the amount of $186,986 15 on the bonds of
the issues of 1879 and 1883 have been paid and $1,009 37 interest
on the old bonds.
THE BONDED DEBT.
The outstanding bonded debt of the city on Jan. 1, 1886, was
as follows:
Bonds compromise of1879 $3,349,700
Bonds compromise1883 359,850
Old bonds 24,400
Atlantic and Gulf Railroad bonds endorsed
by the city 2,500
The issues of 1879 and 1883 have been increased by the issues
in exchange for old bonds under the compromise arrangement,
by $3,100 of the issue of 1879 and $650 of 1883. But they have
been reduced by purchase and cancellation as follows: Bonds of
1879, $22,500; bonds of 1883, $6,000.
The debt has been further reduced by the purchase and cancel
lation of old bonds as follows: Old bonds $3,100; old bonds
Atlantic and Gulf Railroad endorsed by the city, $500.
A summary statement of the bonded indebtedness, including
the transactions of 1886, may be expressed as follows :
Bonds compromise 1879 issued
and outstanding Jan. 1,
1886.... $3,349,700
Issued 1886 in exchange for old
bonds 3,100
$3,352,800
Less redeemed and canceled
by Sinking Fund Com
missioners 22,500
Amount outstanding $3,330,300
6 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
Bonds compromise 1883, is
sued and outstanding Jan.
^isse 359,850
Issued in 1886 in exchange for
old bonds 650
360,500
Less redeemed and canceled
by Sinking Fund Com
missioners 6,000
Amount outstanding 354.500
Old bonds outstanding, Jan. 1,
1886 24,400
Less redeemed and canceled
in 1886 3,roo
Old bonds outstanding 21,300
Atlantic and Gulf railroad in
dorsed bonds outstanding
Jan. 1, 1886 2,500
Less redeemed and canceled
in 1886 500
Amount outstanding $2,000
Add 30 per cent, as per com
promise agreement 600
2,600
Total bonded debt, Jan. 1,
1887 $3,708,700
Except $23,900 the entire bonded debt of the city is embraced
in the bond issues of 1879 and 1883.
With the exception aforesaid these issues have funded the old
debts, including the city's indorsements of the bonds of the At
lantic and Gulfrailroad, in bonds bearing interest at the rate of 5
per cent, per annum. The following tables will give a succinct
account of these bonds :
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
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The market price of the city's five per cent bonds has gone be
yond par. Public confidence has had much to do with this.
But the vast amount of money seeking investment in good secu
rities has so lowered the rates of interest on money that it is not
surprising that our city bonds bearing five per cent, annual inter
est should command such prices.
It is a a source of public pride perhaps, to know that our securi
ties command such respect and confidence. At the same time it
may admit of doubt whether this is a public blessing, in as much
as the higher our bonds go the less our appropriations to the
sinking fund become available for the reduction of the public
debt.
PAVEMENT.
During the year Brougbton street, from Abercorn to West
Broad streets, has been paved with what is known as sheet as
phalt. This was done under the provisions of an act of the Legis
lature by which the property owners whose property immediately
adjoined the street should pay two-thirds of the cost, the city onethird and the street railroads to pay exclusively for the space be
tween the tracks and three feet on either side. The cost of this
pavement, exclusive of the space between the tracks of the Coast
Line railroad and the City and Suburban railway (which space the
railroad companies paved at their own expense), was $29,606 36,
the whole of which amount the city had to pay in the first in
stance.
For the pavement of the crossings outside of the line of pave
ment for the street proper, the city paid on its own account
$1,144 48- This deducted from the $29,433 14 left $28,288 66 to
be adjusted between the property owners, the railroad and the
city. The portion of the property owners was $15,868 23, of the
railroads $3,914 32, of the city $8,506 n.
The property owners have paid back to the city $15,150 30,
leaving a balance of $717 93 unpaid but collectable.
The railroads have refused to pay their portion, and the city in
attempting to enforce the collection, has been met with an appli
cation for injunction upon a bill filed in the United States Circuit
Court by the Coast Line Railroad Company, restraining the city
from collecting the sum assessed against this railroad as its por-
io MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
tion of the cost of the work.
The contention of this railroad company is that a contract was
made with it in 1873 by the city, evidenced by an ordinance by
which it was agreed that in case the city should at any time pave
any street upon which the railroad tracks should be laid, the rail
road should pave at its own expense the space between the tracksThat this necessarily implied that the railroad company should
not be required to pave any more ; and that an act of the Legisla
ture requiring more was violative of that provision of the consti
tution of the United States which prohibits States from passing
any law violating the obligation of contracts.
Should the courts sustain the contention of this railroad, the
entire cost of its assessment, $3,685 58, will fall exclusively upon
the city, and should the other railroad (the City and Suburban
Railway Company) also sustain its contention, its assessment,
$228 74, will also fall upon the city.
The result of the paving of Broughton street to the city in mon
ey is as follows :
Expended $29,433 I
4
Reimbursed by property owners $15,150 30
Outstanding against property owners
(good) 717 93 15,86823
$13,56491
Claim against the street railways 3,9I
4 3
2
$ 9,650 59
In addition to the paving of Broughton street several other
streets have been paved and repaired with stone at considerable
cost. This work having been done by the regularly employed
hands of the city whil^ engaged at other work makes it difficult
to get at its precise cost.
THE POLICE.
This force consisting of one chief, one assistant chief, four ser
geants and fifty four privates, perform the service efficiently.
The cost of maintaining it for the year has been $56,626 86.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. II
STREETS AND LANES AND PARKS AND SQUARES.
The expenses of these departments have been large for this
year; $44,709 40 has been expended on the streets and lanes, ex
clusive of the pavement of Broughton street, and $10,140 29 on
the parks andsquares, making the sum of $54,849 69. To the
credit of these departments is placed for receipts $1,148, leaving
$53,701 69.
There have been some extraordinary but necessary expenses in
curred by these departments, as will appear by the Treasurer's
report. Among other things a sewer was built on West Broad
street at a cost of $6,053. Forsyth Park railing has been repaired
and repainted at a cost of $2,967, and much more paving than
usual has been done.
FIRE DEPARTMENT.
This department continues to increase in efficiency, but the ex
penses of it have likewise increased. The expenses have been
$40,713 40, a much greater sum than last year. But an addition
al engine house has been built, a new engine has been purchased
and a bell tower has been erected These have cost $7,924 55.
These improvements and additions are permanent, and like ex
penses will not enter into the next year's accounts.
WATER DEPARTMENT.
This department is one of the few that yield a revenue.
It has paid in $47,903 65 ; $30,012 30 has been charged to its
account. Of this amount $3,159 46 was for the extension of
mains, $1,618 68 for the repair and maintenance of the old city
pumps, $4,803 42 for artesian wells and machinery for sinking
them. Deducting these amounts, viz: $9,581 56, from the $30,-
012 30. we have $20,430 74. This deducted from the $47,903 65
leaves $27,47291, the net income from the water works.
It has been determined by the Council to supply the city, if
possible, with artesian water. Machinery and apparatus have
been purchased for digging the wells. One has been sunk in
Greene square for the purpose of supplying that locality, and the
result appeared to be satisfactory. A number of wells will be
sunk at the site of the water works, and from these water will be
12 MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
supplied through the mains of the water works in place of the
river water. Two wells have been finished thereone two-inch
and one six-inch. A ten inch well is nearly completed.
The result from the wells now flowing seems to justify the be
lief that two more ten-inch wells in addition to the one now under
way will yield an ample supply of water. The estimated cost of
this is $10,000.
Should the experiment succeed we will have the opportunity of
being supplied with either or both the artesian or river water.
THE HEALTH AND CEMETERY DEPARTMENT.
Under the heads of "Board of Health," "Quarantine," and
"Laurel Grove Cemetery,'' in the Treasurer's report will be found
a statement of the accounts ofthis department. The salaries of
the Health Officer, City Physicians, Quarantine Officer, Keeper
of City Dispensary, Keeper of the Cemetery and all the expenses
of keeping the quarantine station, of cleansing and disinfecting
the city (not including the Scavenger Department), keeping up
Laurel Grove Cemetery, as well as the charities dispensed for
the maintenance ofthe indigent sick at the hospitals, are charged
to this department.
The expenses of this department have been $41,687 44, less
$11,560 86 receipts. Of these receipts $4,984 came from quaran
tine, $4,999 11 from work done in cleansing the city, for which
property owners have paid, and $1,462 75 from Laurel Grove
Cemetery for burial fees and sale of lots.
The Quarantine has been of no expense this year as no work
of any consequence has been done there. As some changes and
repairs are required the surplus of receipts over disbursements
will soon be absorbed.
CHARITIES.
The city has no hospital ofits own for dispensing public char
ity. It assists largely in maintaining the private hospitals and
provides physicians and medicines for the poor. For the care of
patients the city has paid during the year:
To Savannah Hospital $3,60000
To St. Joseph's Infirmary 3,60000
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 13
To Georgia Infirmary 2,400 00
$9,600 00
For medicines and maintaining city dispensary $4,3I
7
2
9
For salaries of city physicians IJS20 00
For burial expenses of poor 469 00
For maintenance of small-pox hospital 638 50
$i6,344 79
DRAINAGE.
This department, having under its charge the drainage of the
low lands in the suburbs and immediate vicinity of the city, has
expended in that work this year the sum of $21,793 99 and has re
ceived $242 on account of rent of Hutchinson Island. The ex
penditures include $990 99 expended on Hutchinson Island and
$11,767 50 for a sewer built south ofAnderson street in what is
known as the city extension.
The canals and drains have been kept in good condition by con
stant effort. The expense is justified bv the extent and necessity
of the work.
THE MARKET.
The receipts of this institution, have been $17,783 20, as fol
lows : $11,208 60 market fees, and $6,574 60 for rent of stores
and stalls.
The expenses have been $5,664 14, including $1,800 for repairs
making the net income $12,119 0
6-
CITY EXTENSION.
That portion of the city south of Anderson street taken within
the city limits by act of the Legislature of September 21st, 1883,
and exempted from taxation for ten years is known as the city ex
tension.
This portion of the city contributes nothing to the City Treas
ury except the small amounts derived from taxes on personal
property and business.
Very little has been done towards securing to the public the
right to the streets in this locality, although the streets have been
laid out and marked. It was confidently expected that the prop-
14 MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
erty owners would be very liberal in dedicating the streets, inas
much as their property is to be so much benefited thereby. But
I am sorry to say that while in some instances a disposition to be
libeial has been shown, the measure has not come up to the ex
pectation.
There being so much use for the revenues in the city north of
Anderson street, the City Council has not felt itself justified in
expending any very large sum of money in the improvement of
property that contributes nothing for its own improvement. In
fact, the finances of the city, however much the Council might be
disposed to be over liberal, are not sufficient to justify much ex
traordinary expenditure. Yet something has been done by the
city and some of the property owners there toward securing the
rights of way, and that section has been greatly improved by
the building of a large and effective drainage sewer through it,
the cost of which was $11,767 50.
On the 6th day of August of this year the city purchased a por
tion of this city extension, containing about one hundred acres,
for the price of $60,000 ; $45,000 has been paid, and the balance
$15,000, is held back to secure the perfection of titles.
By this purchase the city secures the streets that intersect this
land, and it is expected that the property may be disposed of at a
profit to the city, exclusive of the streets.
The amount paid out for this land properly belongs to the treas
ury and represents an additional balance there; or rather the land
is an asset of the city representing that amount in the treasury.
But for this purchase the balance in the treasury would be
$50,25283.
THE RIVER AND HARBOR IMPROVEMENT.
The work of improving the channel of the Savannah river,
under the plan of Gen. Gilmore, set forth in his report ofJanuary
16, 1882, has been continued by the general government. The
plan was to secure twenty two feet of water from the city to the
sea at mean low water. The estimated cost was $730,000. The
work was commenced in January, 1883, but its progress has been
desultory, owing mainly, perhaps altogether, to delays in and the
scantiness of the appropriations made from time to time by Con
gress.
MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT. 15
The work is not finished and $180,000 of the estimated cost re
mains unappropriated, The result of the work done has been
highly beneficial, and promises to justify when completed the ex
pectations of the engineers. The enforced dela5's have not only
retarded the work but must increase its cost.
The demands of commerce are beginning to require deeper
harbors. The class of ships that are now mainly engaged in the
carrying trade are of heavy draft, and light draft vessels are fast
disappearing. Deeper water is required. The government has
already favored other ports, whose importance, to say the most,
is no greater than ours, with appropriations to deepen their chan
nels to twenty-eight feet, and it is to be hoped that Savannah,
will not be less favored than other ports whose claims upon the
government are certainly no greater than hers.
No striking or remarkable occurrence has taken place in the
affairs of the city during the year.
The conservative influence of our people has kept the city in a
steady even course. The population has increased and the evi
dences of enterprise are abundant and assuring of increased pros
perity.
Respectfully submitted,
RUFUS. E. LESTER,
Mayor.
i6 MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
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4o MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
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MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT. 41
REPORT OF SINKING FUND COMMISSIONERS.
SAVANNAH, January i, 1887.
Hon. Rufus E. Lester, Mayor of Savannah :
DEAR SIRThe Sinking Fund Commissioners beg leave to
make the following report of matters connected with their de
partment, for year ending 31st December, 1886.
With the funds at our disposal, say $2.28 from the appropria
tion for 1885, and $25,000.00 for 1886, belonging to the Sinking
Fund for the bonds issued in 1879we have purchased bonds of
.that issue amounting to $22,500.00 in face value, viz :
Feb. 5, 1886... $3,000 at 993^ per cent $2,981,25
Feb. 5, 1886 3,000 at 99}^ per cent 2,98500
May 14, 1886 6,500 at 100^2 percent 6,53250
Aug. 3, 1886 5,000 at 101 percent 5,05000
Nov. 1886 5,000 at 101 percent 5,05000
Total $ 22,500 Costing $22,598 75
Prev'ly purchased.. 118,000 Costing 99.997 72
Total purchased $140,500 Costing $122,596 47
Leaving to our credit in hands ofTreasuer 2,403 53
1 We have also purchased bonds of the issue of 1883, of the face
value of $6,000.00, with the Sinking Fund provided for that
issue, viz:
Feb. 5,1886 $1,500 at 100 percent $1,50000
Apl. 7,1886 4.500 at 100^2 per cent 4,52250
Total $ 6,000 Costing $6,022 50
Prev'ly purchased 12,000 Costing.., 10,41000
Total purchases.... $18,000 Costing $16,432 50
Property ofMayor's Offt^
Savannah, Gu.
42 MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
All of which bonds, with the unmatured coupons attached
thereto, have been cancelled and handed to City Treasurer for
such final destruction as Council may direct.
We have verified the cancellation of $2,100 old bonds, of the
issue of 1866 and $1,000 of the issue of 1870 received in ex
change for a like amount ($3,100) of new bonds of the issue of
1879 and of a $500 A. & G. R. bond received in exchange for
$650 of new bonds of the issue of 1883 agreeable to the terms of
the compromise.
The new bonds stand as follows:
ISSUE 1879.
Total signed and made available for exchanging $3>5I
3>
000
Of which there has been issued in exchanges 3,498,200
Leaving in hands of Treasurer for exchanges $ 14,800
Of the bonds issued, $167,900 have been cancelled as follows :
Received for balances for ground rent lots $ 9,200
Special purchases as per previous report 18,200
Purchases out of Sinking Fund 140,500
Total amount cancelled $167,900
Which leaves now outstanding 3,330>300
ISSUE 1883.
Total signed and made available for exchanging $390,000
Of which there has been issued in exchanges 387,400
Leaving in hands of Treasurer for exchanges 2,600
Of the bonds issued $32,900 have been cancelled as follows:
Special purchases as per previous report $14,900
Purchases out of sinking Fund 18,000
Total amount cancelled 32,900
Which leaves now outstanding 354>500
..V*'
MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT. 43
All of which is respectfully submitted.
JOHN FLANNERY,
' S. GUCKENHEIMER,
C. C. CASEY,
JOSEPH D. WEED,
JOHN L. HARDEE.
Sinking Fund Commissioners.
44 MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
REPORT OF CORPORATION ATTORNEY.
SAVANNAH, GA., January ist, 1887.
Ubn. Rufus E. Lester, Mayor of Savannah:
DEAR SIRI have the honor to transmit a statement showing
the transactions in my department of the City (Government for the
year 1886.
The following ordinances passed by'Council have either been
prepared or passed upon by me during the year just closed.
1. To prohibit the sale of goods from the sidewalks or streets.
2. To define the fire limits of the city.
3. To amend the tax ordinance passed in Council December
30th, 1885.
4. To further amend the tax ordinance.
5. To amend an ordinance to grant to the Union Society in fee
simple Lots 6, 7, 20 and 21 Brown Ward.
6. To require security to be given by all contractors for the
faithful performance of their contracts with the Mayor and Alder
men of the City of Savannah.
7. To amend an ordinance laying out streets south of Ander
son street so as to do away with lanes south of Anderson street.
8. To provide for paving, grading and otherwise improving
Broughton street.
9. To increase width of pavements on Broughton streets.
10. To grant to County Commissioners site of jail.
11. To amend ordinance for paving, grading and otherwise
improving Broughton street.
12. To amend Harbor Regulations.
13. To increase width of sidewalks on Bull street between
State and Congress streets.
14. To provide for the paving, grading and otherwise im
proving Bull street from north side of State street to south side of
Congress street.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 45
15. To establish a quarantine ground and to prescribe regula
tions therefor.
16. To prohibit the selling of pools, &c.
17. To prohibit the occupation of any part of street or lanes by
by steps or porticos.
18. To amend harbor regulations.
19. To permit Savannah, Florida & Western Railway to ex
tend its track to the wharves now used by the Merchants and
Miners Transportation Company for the Baltimore Steamship
Line.
20. To regulate, repairing and keeping in good order of the
pavements and sidewalss in the City of Savannah.
21. To amend ordinance in reference to streets south of Ander
son street so as to more particularly designate and describe Bull
street.
22. To regulate laying of private sewers and making sewer
connections.
23. To amend ordinance so as to permit dry wells under cer
tain circumstances.
24. To amend ordinance in reference to keeping fish and poul
try25. To amend ordinance permitting Savannah, Florida & Wes
tern Railway Company to extend its track to wharves of Baltimore
Steamship Line.
26. To permit owners of Lot number five (5) First Tything,
Reynolds Ward to erect a platform for use of post office.
27. To amend ordinance in reference to erecting steps and por
ticos on streets.
28. To permit the Episcopal Orphans Home to build a wood
en building corner of Liberty and Jefferson streets.
29. To amend ordinance permitting Savannah, Florida & Wes
tern Railway Company to extend its track to Baltimore Steam
ship Line wharf.
30. To provide for improvement of sidewalks in City of Savan
nah.
31. To suspend ordinance relative to obstruction of sidewalks.
32. To amend ordinance as to Harbor Regulations, and to re
peal ordinances so far as they conflict with ordinance of March
12, 1873.
46 .MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
33. To levy taxes and raise revenues.
In addition to the duty of drawing ordinances for the commit
tees of Council I have attended a number of meetings and have
advised with the Committees whenever called upon.
During my absence from the City in July the Dillon Tract in the
southwest extension of the City, was purchased by the City, and
the onerous and delicate duties devolving upon me in this con
nection were performed by A. R. Lawton, Jr., Esq., with skill
and ability, and the City fully protected in its purchase of this
valuable tract.
The City and Suburban Railroad Company by certiorari
sought to reverse the decision of the Police Court of Savannah,
enforcing the ordinance requiring Companies operating street
cars to water their tracks so as to keep the dust laid, and failing
in the Superior Court to reverse said decision took the case to
the Supreme Court of Georgia, where the decision of the lower
Court was affirmed, the Court holding as follows :
1. Under a provision in the charter of a municipal corporation
giving it power " to make, ordain and establish such by-laws, or
dinances, rules and regulations as shall appear to them requisite
and necessary for the security, welfare and convenience of the
said city and its inhabitants, and for preserving health, peace and
good government within the limits of the same," the municipal
authorities were authorized to pass an ordinance requiring street
railroad companies to keep their tracks watered so as to lay the
dust, and imposing fine for failing so to do.
2. The defendant in this case was a successor of the Savannah,
Skidaway & Seaboard Railroad Co., the charter of which only
granted the right to construct the road outside of the city; and an
ordinance passed in 1868 gave it the power to construct and run
within the city limits ; and in that ordinance it was provided that
said company and its agents shall be under the same police regu
lation, and liable to fine as other persons for violation of the ordi-.
nances of the city of Savannah, which was confirmed by the
General Assembly. Therefore, the defendant was subject to such
an ordinance by its charter. Even if the company had not so
submitted itself to the police regulations and ordinances of the
city on entering it, it would be subject thereto.
3. An ordinance requiring all companies operating streets cars
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 47
in the city to water their tracks so as to keep the dust laid, was
not so partial and wanting in generality as to vitiate it.
Henrietta B. Collins brought an action against the City in the
Superior Court of Chatham County to recover damages for the
failure of the City to condemn and open certain streets South of
Anderson street. To this action a demurrer was filed and sustain
ed by the Court. The; plaintiff took the case to the Supreme
Court and the decision of the lower Court was sustained, the Su
preme Court holding that it is discretionary with a City wheth
er it will open a street or not, and "the exercise of its discretion
either way gives no right of action to any one who may have
miscalculated the final action of the City and expended money
accordingly."
The case of A. B. Hazzard against the City pending in Su
preme Court of Georgia, at time of my last report was heard in
that Court and the decision of the Court below granting a new
trial to the City was reversed, and the City paid the verdict of the
jury.
The cases pending in the Superior Court of Chatham County,
are:
(i.) Walter Blake, executor, etal, complainants, and The May
or and Aldermen of the City of Savannah, defendants.
(2.) J. H. M. Clinch, Executor, et al, Complainants and The
Mayor and Alderman of the City of Savannah, defendants.
Very Respectfully,
HENRY C. CUNNINGHAM,
Corporation Attorney.
48 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
REPORT OF CHIEF OF POLICE.
OFFICE CHIEF OF POLICE,
SAVANNAH, January i, 1887.
Hon. Rufus E. Lester, Mayor:
SIR :I have the honor to submit herewith my annual report
of the Police Department for the year ending, December 31st,
1886.
The aggregate strength of the department is fifty-nine (59)33
follows:
Chief 1
Assistant Chief 1
Sergeants 4
Privates ' 53
Total 59
The above does not include the Ocean Steamship Company's
Police Force consisting of
Sergeants 3
Privates 18
Total... 21
For
For
Ocean
City 59
Steamship Company 21
Total 80
During the year 1,968 arrests have been made, being 276 less
than the year previous. Of this number 866 were white and
1,102 colored.
The following were the crimes and misdemeanors for which the
arrests were made:
MAYORS ANNUAL REPORT. 49
u
p
U
re
o
Assault and Battery
Assault with Intent to Murder . .
Burglary
Carrying Concealed Weapons . .
Contempt of Court
Disorderly Conduct
Drunkenness
Disorderly Driving
Fighting
Gambling
Insanity
Interfering with officials
Larceny
Licentious Conduct
Lost Children
Murder
Resisting officers
Safe Keeping
Vagrants and suspicious characters
Violating City Ordinances ....
Arson
32
12
6
4
155
328
6
36
2
11
17
22
20
40
171
102
16
3
8
4
322
121
13
136
40
13
15
108
4
4
20
24
51
97
1
134
28
3
14
8
477
449
19
172
40
15
26
125
4
8
42
44
91
268
1
Total 866 1102 1968
Number of Lodgerswhite, 513; colored, 82 ; total 595
Number of animals impounded 209
Number of stores and dwellings found open 52
Number of fires 56
During the year twenty-one (21) privates were detailed as
sanitary inspectors who performed their duty in a thorough and
efficient manner.
Forty (40) breech-loading pistols are very much needed as
those now in use by the footmen, are old, worn out and un
reliable.
CASUALITIES AND CHANGES.
ResignedPrivate Fleming, T. W., May 15, 1886.
DismissedPrivate Mikell.J. W., January 29, 1886.
AppointedPrivate Mikell, J. W., February 27, 1886 ; Private
Masters, T. B., April 26, 1886.
5 MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
INVENTORY OF CITY PROPERTY AT POLICE BARRACKS.
4
2 Springfield Rifles, cal. 45.
19 Smith & Wesson's Pistols, cal. 45
84 Colts Pistols.
62 Pistol Holsters.
42 Bayonets and Scabbards.
000 Rounds of Rifle Ammunition.
500 Rounds of Pistol Ammunition.
61 Waist Belts.
120 Clubs.
61 Whistles.
78 Rattles.
61 Fire Keys.
16 Saddle Hories.
1 Wagon Horse
17 Halters.
16 Bridles and Bits.
16 McClellan Saddles.
16 Saddle Cloths.
16 Pairs of Spurs.
16 Pairs of Spur straps.
1 Wagon.
1 Ambulance.
2 Harnesses.
1 Feed Cutter.
3 Curry Combs.
3 Brushes.
1 Rake.
1 Shovel.
60 Iron Bedsteads.
60 Matressess.
60 Pillows.
60 Bed Spreads.
57 Spittoons.
3 Water Coolers.
12 Brooms.
61 Buckets.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 51
10 Chairs.
1 Hat Rack.
24 Towels.
2 Wardrobes.
18 Blankets.
7 Tables.
7 Desks.
1 Clock.
4 Stoves.
12 Tin Plates.
2 Cups.
UNIFORMS ON HAND NOT IN HANDS OF THE MEN.
12 Frock Coats.
3 Sack Coats.
1 Overcoat.
I am, sir,
Very Respectfully,
R. H. ANDERSON,
Chief of Police.
52 MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
REPORT OF CITY MARSHAL.
CITY MARSHAL'S OFFICE,
SAVANNAH, December 31, 1886.
Hon. Rufus E. Lester, Mayor.
SIRI herewith respectfully submit my report for the year
1886.
SIDEWALKS.
I have served notices where repairs have been necessary, and
lot owners who have not complied with the notice I have report
ed to Council, and carried out instructions received.
GROUND RENTS.
All lots reported to this office by the City Treasurer in arrears
for ground rent have been re-entered in compliance with or
dinance.
MARKET.
I have collected from rent of Stalls $3,868 00
And for rent of Stores 2,706 60
Making a Total of. $6,574 60
I have collected during the year $33,594 75 as follows :
Real estate1879 $ 15 00
Real estate1880 18 75
Real estate1881 18 75
Real estate1882 108 10
Real estate1883 348 15
Real estate1884 i,793 27
Real estate1885 i3,I
97 50
Real estate1886 50000
Stock in trade1884 1 5
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. $3
Stock in trade1885 415 25
Specific1884 40 00
Specific1885 145 00
Specific1886 8,581 65
Shipping 1883 11 co
Shipping 1884 15 00
Shipping 1885 11 50
Privy Vaults J.osg 23
Fire Department, sale of horse 22 50
Sales City Pound $6, $13, $2 2100
Sidewalks 2 00
Market stalls 3,868 00
Market stores 2,706 60
Advertising 87 00
Fees 628 00
$33,594 75
I have the honor to be
Your obedient servant,
L. L. GOODWIN,
City Marshal.
54 MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
ANNUAL REPORT OF CITY SURVEYOR.
CITY SURVEYOR'S OFFICE,
SAVANNAH, December 31, 1886.
Hon. Rufus E. Lester, Mayor.
DEAR SIRThe following report of the work done in the de
partments mentioned below is respectfully submitted.
Streets and Lanes, and Parks and Squares(Alderman HAM
LET, Chairman, until his death, May 26th.) Alderman THOMAS,
Chairman, appointed June 3d.
Dry CultureAlderman MELL, Chairman.
Public BuildingsAlderman NICHOLS, Chairman.
Harbor and WharvesAlderman BOG ART, Chairman.
- PoliceAlderman O'CONNOR, Chairman.
STREETS AND LANES.
The force employed in this department at the beginning of the
year, was as follows :
Superintendent 1
Foreman 1
Stableman 1
Cleaning Catch Basins 2
Cleaning Crossings 2
Pavers 4
Laborers 19
Laborers added in April ... 8
Laborers added in July 3
Pavers added in July 2
Bricklayer added in March 1
Total 44
Laborersdischarged 2, died 2 4
Number now employed 40
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 55
There are now employed on the streets and lanes twelve mules
and two horses, with fourteen single-horse tilt carts. Two of the
mules and two carts were purchased in July.
SEWERS.
A brick sewer in Price street, two feet three inches in diameter'
extending from the centre of Gwinnett street to the main sewer
in Bolton street, was built in January. Length, 275 feet. This
work was done by the street hands, with the addition of two hired
bricklayers.
A brick sewer in West Broad street, extending from Stone
street to the head of the main sewer in Hall street; was built in
April, Martin Cooley, contractor. Between Stone and Charlton
streets the diameter is twenty-seven inches, and between Charl
ton and Hall streets three feet. Total length, 2,260 feet. This
sewer is built with seven cess-pools in the centres of the inter
secting streets for inspection and cleansing when required. The
catch basins, fifteen in number, have been placed twenty-five feet
from the line of buildings on each side, leaving the roadway fifty
feet wide.
A pipe sewer in St. Julian street, connecting with the Drayton
street sewer, and extending west to the west line of the Trust lots,
180 feet in length, was laid down in November. Diameter of
pipe, twelve inches.
That portion of the Barnard street sewer between Charlton lane
and Huntingdon street had become so much obstructed as to
cause serious inconvenience to adjoining property owners having
closet connections, and although late in the season for the up
turning of the soil, it was deemed advisable to remove the ob
structions. This was done jointly by the street and health and
cemetery hands, in May.
CATCH BASINS.
The Street and Lane Committee having decided to change the
width of the sidewalks on Broughton street, between West Broad
and Abercorn, from ten feetthe existing widthto fifteen feet,
before laying down the proposed asphalt pavement, it became
necessary to change the location of the catch basins so as to con
form to the increased width.
There were removed for this purpose:
56 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
On Broughton street 23 catch basins.
In connection with New Price street sewer 3 "
Habersham and Gwinnett streets 2 "
In connection with new West Broad street sewer.. 15 "
V Opposite Electric Light Works on River street.... 1 "
Northwest corner New and Lumber streets 1 "
In connection with new sewer on St. Julian street 2 "
Southwest corner Bull street and Perry lane 1 "
Southeast corner Barnard and Bay streets 1 "
Southeast and southwest corners Barnard street
and Broughton lane 2 "
Northeast corner Jefferson and President streets.. 1 "
Total 52
These have all been properly trapped, furnished with cast iron
covers, and have water connections for supplying pure water.
v' A sewer of wood has been laid down from River street to the
river, through Kelley's wharf, one foot by two and one-half feet,
and forty-two feet in length, and a brick cess-pool built in con
nection with it.
PAVING (COBBLE STONE.)
February.
v Extended pavement on River street east of
Lincoln, 180 feet 680 square yards.
Took up and relaid to conform to grade of
new sewer and catch basins, same locality,
438 feet in length 1,460 " "
Paved Bay lane between Bull and Whitaker
streets, 302 feet in length 771 " "
March.
Paved from the south side of Hall to the south
side of Gwinnett street, 362 feet in length,
in Whitaker street 1,126 " "
Paved around catch basins on Price and
Gwinnett streets 12 "
Paved around catch basins at Habersham and
Gwinnett streets 24
Paved around catch basins at Habersham and
MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT. 57
Bolton streets 24
Paved around catch basins on West Broad
street 600 " "
Paved around catch basins at New and Lum
ber streets 6 " "
Paved around catch basins at Bull and St.
Julian streets 12 " "
Paved around catch bains at Bull and Perry
lane 6 "
Paved around catch basins at Bay and Bar
nard streets 6 " "
April.
Paved Hull street across East Broad, 24 feet
in width 202 " "
Paved gutter east side ofJefferson from Con
gress to Broughton street, 202 feet in
length 66
Paved gate ways in Park Extension 94 " "
Paved for City and Suburban Railroad Com
pany, Whitaker street 20 " "
May.
Paved roadway on New street from West
Boundary to Farm, 588 feet in length, and
connections with Lumber street and lane.. 1,378 " "
(This street, on the western declivity of the
city, had become so badly washed as to be
almost impassable. The portion paved
gives a roadway 18 feet wide, and uniform
ly graded. The storm water is confined to
the space paved, and obviates any further
wash.)
Paved around catch basin in New street 25 " "
Paved north and south sides of all crossings
on Broughton street between West Broad
and Abercorn 450 " "
fune.
Repaved Bay street from west side of Farm
to west side West Broad, 912 feet 1,520 " "
Repaved Bay street from the east side of
58 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
West Broad to the east side of Drayton,
2,063 f
eet: 6 inches 10,111
fitly, August, September and October.
Repaved track for City and Suburban Rail
road from Whitaker to Drayton, 724 feet.. 402
Repaved Bay street east of East Broad 420
Repaved gutter on Drayton street, north of
Broughton 49
Repaired pavement oifBarnard street, south
of Market, and around Market 240
Repaired Drayton street south of Gaston .... 190
November and December.
Repaired slips foot of East Broad street 40
^ZRepaired River street west of West Broad... 50
I, Repaired gutter on River street east of West
Broad 77
Repaired East Broad street and Whitaker
street 268
Repaired gutter on Congress, between Bull
and Drayton 60
Repaved east side West Broad, between Wil
liamson and River streets 1,091
Paved two gutters on East Boundary, be
tween McDonough and Perry streets 72
Paved gutter corner Broughton and Rey
nolds streets 18
Paved gutter on Jefferson street, south of
Gaston 17
Paved for C. & S. R. R. Co., eight feet in
width, from Bay street to Congress lane.... 405
Repaired slip foot of Lincoln street 20
Repaired slip foot of Abercorn street 30
Relaid gutter on East side West Broad street
between State and Broughton 136
Relaid pavement on Bryan street across
Whitaker 50
GRAYWACKE PAVING.
Paved gutters on south side Bay street from
MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT. 59
Drayton to Barnard, and north side Bay
street from Drayton to Bull 405 " "
Repaved eight feet in width on Bay street
between Drayton and Abercorn for C. &
S. R. R. Co 270 "
Repaired pavement on Bay street east of
Drayton 211 " "
Total 23,114 square yards.
Note.The cost of repaying tracks of C. & S. R. R. was paid
by the Company.
ASPHALT PAVEMENT.
The preparatory work of paving Broughton street between
West Broad and Abercorn with sheet asphalt, in accordance with
petition of adjacent lot owners, was begun in March, and the
whole work completed on the 23d of May.
Number of square yards paved with asphalt, 10,988. The
space between the rails of the tracks of the Coast Line Railroad
and the City and Suburban Railroad, has been paved with
granite blocks by the respective companies.
Twenty-eight fender posts of granite were placed at the street
corners of the intersecting streets. Six of these having since been
broken have been replaced with cast iron ones.
CROSSINGS.
49 new crossings with plank foot-ways have
been put down 2,828 square yards.
51 new crossings with flag foot-ways 2,715 " "
16 new crossings without foot-ways 679 " "
30 crossings on Bull street, between Bay and
Gaston, have been repaired 310 " "
146 total number crossings. 6,532 square yards.
Total amount of paving of all kinds 40,634 " "
STREETS GRADED.
Anderson, between Price and Habersham streets.
Habersham, between Gwinnett and Bolton streets.
Gwinnett, between Lincoln and Habersham streets.
60 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
Duffy, between Drayton and Abercorn streets.
Huntingdon, between Abercorn and Lincoln streets.
Bolton Lane, between Abercorn and Habersham streets.
All the lanes in the city have been graded by removing ac
cumulations of ashes and cinders, and other refuse, and thoroughly
cleansed twice during the spring and summer, independently of
the work of the scavenger department.
MACADAMIZED STREETS.
The following streets have been surfaced with gravel:
Wheaton street, from Hawkins' Mill to the Bilbo canal.
Bryan street, between Barnard and Montgomery.
Jefferson street, between Broughton and Bay.
St. Julian street, between Whitaker and Jefferson.
PLANK ROADS.
The easte-n side of the plank road on Wadley street, and the
southern side on River street, west of the Savannah and Ogeechee
canal, have been renewed, and the west and north sides on said
streets, and Bay street from the canal to Farm street repaired. A
very large amount of lumber has been used in this work. One
thousand feet in length on Wadley street has been filled up to the
level of planking during the year, the depth of filling being about
seven feet. A small portion of this street remains to be filled,
and that portion of River street west of Wadley. When the fill
ing is completed these great thoroughfares can be paved and a
heavy yearly expense for planking saved.
BRIDGES.
The bridge across the Savannah and Ogeechee canal on the
road connecting the yards of the Savannah Brick Manufacturing
Company, has been thoroughly repaired.
A small bridge has been built across Henry street at East
Broad.
The iron bridge spanning the Drayton street slip being no
longer required, has been removed to the slip at Abercorn street)
and placed on the line of the west side cf the street.
A new bridge has been built on Gwinnett street, crossing centre
ditch of the Springfield low lands.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 6l
Bridge across gutter on President street, west side Green
square.
Bridged gutter on Bay street opposite gas works.
Three hundred and twenty-six small foot bridges of wood,
crossing the gutters at the street intersections have been put
down during the year.
Sixty-four cast iron crossing plates in lieu of wooden bridges
have been used in street crossings.
RETAINING WALLS.
Retaining walls of wood have been placed at the following
points:
Corner of Waldburg and Abercorn streets, fifty feet in length
and three feet in height, to prevent the washing away of the ma
terial used in grading the streets up to their proper level.
Sixty running of curbing, two feet in height, at Barnard and
Anderson streets.
Six hundred and fifty-four running feet of curbing on New
street.
The Board of Managers of the Cottou Exchange, having been
authorized by the city, have built a substantial brick retaining
wall across the slip at Drayton street, on line with the south wall
of the Factors walk, and filled up that portion of the slip between
the new wall and Bay street.
TREES.
One hundred trees were planted during the early part of the
year. Two hundred and five have been planted during the
present month in the squares, the park extension, on Bay, South
Broad and Liberty streets. In the park eight, and in Thomas
square twenty-eight, and adjoining streets seventy-three. Total
number planted, 414.
The cutting down and removal of dead trees was begun Octo
ber 4th, and continues to date. Five men are employed. Three
hundred trees have been boxed.
STONE AND BALLAST.
The following stone has been purchased:
Two thousand feet crossing stone.
Two thousand and seventy-seven tons stone ballast.
62 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
Four hundred and six tons gravel.
Twenty thousand Greywacke blocks for Bay street gutters.
DRY CULTURE.
A plan for draining several large ponds of water between Bar
nard street and the Ogeechee road, in the city extension south of
Anderson street, had engaged the attention of the Dry Culture
Committee at the close of last year. These ponds had been par
tially drained for some years by means of a small wood sewer,
but this had decayed, and was broken and filled in in a number
of places, completely obstructing the flow of water. It was re
solved to construct a brick sewer in the line of Sixth street, com
mencing at a point midway between Burroughs and Florance
streets, and extending eastwardly to the east side of the right of
way of the Savannah, Florida and Western Railroad, with lateral
branches for draining the ponds in Jefferson and West Broad
streets. The size of the main sewer to be three feet in the clear,
with a nine-inch ring, and the branches thirty inches in the clear,
with a four-inch ring; an open ditch at the western end of the
main sewer to drain the largest of the ponds. The work was
begun on the 10th of March and finished the 10th of Julv. The
outflow from the sewer is carried off by an open ditch on the line
between the Millen lots and the Tenack lots, passing from thence
into the branch canal of the Cuyler swamp. All the branch
sewers which may hereafter be built in the southern extension
east of Florance street can have their outlets in the Sixth street
sewer.
LOVERS LANE.
The ditch on the southern side of this thoroughfare, in order
to afford drainage to the adjacent lands, has been maintained at
such a depth as seriously to diminish the width of the roadway,
and render traveling dangerous. A twelve-inch sewer pipe has
been laid from the intersection of the right of way of the Savan
nah, Florida and Western Railroad to the Waters road. Total
length
Brick catch basins with stone covers have been placed at all the
intersecting ditches, and the roadway graded down so as to fur
nish material for filling over the pipe; the space occupied by the
MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT. 63
ditch has now become part of the roadway, and the depth at
which the pipe has been laid affords better drainage to the ad
joining lands. The work was begun early in July and finished
the latter part of August, and has given general satisfaction to
the adjoining land owners and the traveling public.
BILBO CANAL.
The annual clearing out of the canal was begun on the ist of
March, and finished on the 10th of April, the force being increased
to eighteen men during its continuance. Whenever requisite the
sand bars and other obstructions have been removed since. It
became necessary also repeatedly, during the latter part of the
ebb tides, to stir the bottom of the canal with long handled hoes.
LAMAR'S CREEK.
This creek is the natural drainage outlet for all the low land
west of the Bilbo canal and north of the Perry lane canal. Owing,
however, to the soft and yielding nature of the bottom, it has
heretofore been impossible to preserve an open drain through the
centre of a depth sufficient for good drainage of the lands adjoin
ing. To accomplish this a double row of six-inch square piles
have been driven from a point near St. Julian street to the river.
The width between the rows is six feet, and the piles four feet
apart in the rows. The bottom braces are six inches square, and
halved against the piles at the level of low water mark, and
planked, with two-inch plank ; each row of piles is planked up
three and one-half feet above the bottom. Top braces of 4 x 10
scantling are jogged down against the opposite piles in each row
and securely bolted. The whole length of the box is 485 feet.
After completing the work, the ditch at; the base of the hill on
the east side of the city, also that along President street extended,
and the principal centre ditch leading to the drain, were straight
ened, widened and deepened.
MUSGROVE CREEK.
Owing to the importance of the work elsewhere an additional
force of five men, with a foreman, were put to work on the Spring
field ditches on the 19th of July. They have been employed on
this work, and in cleaning out Musgrove creek, until the present
time.
64 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
HUTCHINSON ISLAND.
A portion of the embankment on Back river between the first
and second breaks, west, is much exposed to the wash of the
tides at high water. The base of the embankment has become,
from this cause, undermined, and to prevent further damage the
outer slope has been substantially resetted with cypress plank.
Several trunks which leaked badly have also been put in good
condition.
DOCKS AND WHARVES.
New fender piles have been driven along the front of the wharf
at the foot of Abercorn street, and repairs have been made to the
planking at the Whitaker and Drayton street wharves.
LAUREL GROVE CEMETERY.
The sides of the large ravine in this cemetery have always been
in a wet condition, owing to hillside springs. To remedy this
and permit the surface to be graded, drain tiles of the diameter
of ten inches have been laid around the sides at a depth sufficient
to cut off the springs, and cross drains of the diameter of six
inches communicating with the centre ditch. The sides of the
ravine have been neatly graded, and the general appearance
much improved.
PUBLIC BUILDINGS.
The exterior wood work of the Police Barracks, also the ex
terior iron work and the brick facia under cornice and water table
courses have been repainted.
Closets have been put in office of Ocean Steamship Company,
Messrs. Ellis & Holt, Clerk of Council and in third story of the
Exchange building. Very Respectfully,
JOHN B. HOWARD,
City Surveyor.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 65
REPORT OF CHIEF ENGINEER SAVANNAH FIRE
DEPARTMENT.
OFFICE CHIEF ENGINEER
SAVANNAH FIRE DEPARTMENT,
SAVANNAH, GA., January i, 1887.
Hon. Rufis E. Lester, Mayor of Savannah:
DEAR SIR : I have the honor herewith to submit to you this,
the annual report of the Savannah Fire Department for the fiscal
year ending December 31, 1886, showing the condition of same,
cost of maintenance, number of alarms and fires, locations and
causes, owners or occupants of building, etc., losses and insur
ance on buildings and contents, strength of the Permanent and
Call Forces, also the Auxiliary force of the department, together
with all property in charge of this department, and valuation of
same.
I have also the honor to respectfully make suggestions and
submit recommendations for the interest of the service, for such
action as you may deem advisable.
PERMANENT FORCE AND COMPENSATION.
1 Chief Engineer $1,500 per annum.
1 Superintendent Fire Alarm Telegraph 900
1 Foreman Engine Company No.4 720
4 Engineers of Steamers, each $1,000. 4,000
1 Tillerman of Truck 720
3 Drivers of Apparatus, each $720 2,160
7 Drivers of Apparatus, each $600 4,200
2 Relief Drivers, each $600 1,200
3 Hose and Laddermen, each $600 1,800
23 Total $17,200per annum.
66 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
CALL FORCE AND COMPENSATION.
i Assistant Chief Engineer $450 per annum.
4 Foremen of Companies, each $150 600 " "
30 Hose and Laddermen, each $100 3,000 " "
35 Total $4,050 per annum.
AUXILIARY FORCE, VOLUNTEERS.
1 Foreman of Company.
25 Privates of Company.
ESTIMATE VALUE OF FIRE DEPARTMENT PROPERTY.
Apparatus, Engines, Hose Carts, Trucks, etc $31,400
Fire Alarm Telegraph 15,000
Real Estate 34,000
Hose Coupling, extra Suctions, etc 7.500
Horses 5,200
Harness, Blankets, etc 1,960
Fire Bells Towers and Strikers 3,600
Supplies, Tools, etc 1,600
Supply Wagon, Buggy and Cart 500
Bedding, Furniture, etc 1,000
Department Uniforms and Badges 1,000
Total $102,760
PROPERTY OF FIRE DEPARTMENT.
4 Steam Fire Engines, Tools, etc., complete.
4 Hose Carts (two wheels) complete.
1 Hose Carriage (four wheels, for double team) complete.
2 Hose Carriages (four wheels, single team) complete.
1 Hook and Ladder Truck, complete.
9 Sets of Double Harness, new and old.
6 Sets of Single Harness, new and old.
18 Horses.
1 Chiefs Buggy.
1 Supply Wagon.
1 Dump Cart.
3 Large Two-Story Brick Buildings.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 67
i One-Story Brick Building.
27 Bedsteads, Mattresses, Blankets, etc., complete.
1 Lot Chairs, Desks and Tables.
9 Heating Stoves.
1 Lot of Supplies Tools and Fire Department Appliances
extra.
6 Clocks.
3 Engine House Trips.
5 Small Fire Bells on Engine Houses.
1 Large Clock Bell on City Exchange, used by Fire Depart
ment.
1 Large Fire Bell known as "Big Duke" on Tower.
1 Angle Iron Bell Tower for " Big Duke " Fire Bell.
3,600 Feet 4-ply Rubber Hose, good.
1,250 Feet 4-ply Rubber Hose, middling.
1,200 Feet 4-ply Rubber and Cotton Hose, unreliable.
30 Feet of Condemned Engine Suctions.
350 Feet of Street Hose ^-inch and nozzles.
75 Feet of Street Hose i-inch and nozzles.
3 Wheel Barrows.
5 Tons of Engine Coal.
1 Street Sweeping Machine in charge of this Department.
For further property of the Fire Department and condition
of same, I respectfully refer you to accompanying report of the
Superintendent of the Fire Alarm Telegraph.
RUNNING CARD OF THE FIRE DEPARTMENT.
Engine Company No 1, all Alarms east of Bull street, N. to S.
Engine Company No. 2, all Alarms west of Bull steeet, N. to S.
Engine Company No. 3, answers to all first Alarms.
Hook and Ladder, No. 1, answers to all first Alarms.
Engine Company No. 4, all Alarms south of Jones street
E. to W.
Hose Company No. 1, all Alarms south of Jones street E. to W.
Engine Companies not responding on first alarm remain
hitched up in readiness for thirty minutes, and if their services
are needed, three blows will be sounded on all the fire alarm bells
as a signal for said companies to respond ; and for Hose Com
panies two blows will be sounded.
68 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
All companies not required to respond on first alarms if not
called by signal, should answer all other alarms while the first
fire is in progress, or until the recall signal of one blow on the
fire alarm is sounded, which is the signal that the fire is extin
guished.
Engine Company No. 3 and Hook and Truck Company No. 1,
which are located at Fire Department headquarters, South Broad
and Abercorn streets, respond to all first alarms.
CONDITION OF ENGINES.
Engine No. 1 is in very bad order, in fact it is in a dangerous
condition and requires a new boiler, the old boiler being as
thin as paper in some parts of the water leg and at the top of
steam drum. The engine needs new wheels, axles and suctions,
and general rebuilding. I recommend that said engine be rebuilt
or exchanged as part pay towards the purchase of a new steamer
of improved style.
Engine No. 2 is in first-class condition, except requiring one
length of river suction. Balance of suctions are all new and in
good condition.
Engine No. 3 is in first-class condition, and has an entire new
set of river and hydrant suctions, but the wheels of said engine
will require to be replaced by new ones, of wide rim and tire.
For sandy streets the present wheels are in a weak condition,
and liable to drop the engine in the street, which would entail a
cost equal to half the price of the engine.
Engine No. 4 is in first-class condition, being a new fifth size
LaFrance Rotary engine purchased during the past year, the
old steamer known as the John W. Anderson, built by Poole &
Hunt, having been given as part pay. Said No. 4 engine and
company are located in new quarters on east side of Barnard
street, between Hall and Huntingdon streets.
Hook and Ladder Truck No. 1 is in fair condition only. The
ladders on said truck are in dangerous condition, and are unsafe
for department use; are very old and broken, and have been
spliced on several occasions, the axles also are now showing
weakness. I was compelled to have fax 4-inch tires placed on
the wheels in order to keep them together.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 69
CONDITION OF HOSE CARRIAGES, ETC.
The two wheel hose carts of the Engine Companies No. 1, 2
and 3 are in fair condition, but are well worn.
The two wheel hose cart of Engine Company No. 4 is in firstclass condition, being a new one purchased during the past year
from Geo. A. Ainslie & Sons, of Richmond, Va.
The large four wheel hose carriage drawn by two horses of
Engine Company No. 3 is in good condition, said carriage hav
ing capacity for 1,400 to 1,500 feet of fire hose (4-ply rubber.)
The four wheel hose carriage in use by No. 1 Hose Company
is becoming well used up, said carriage not having been built
for horse power, but for hand purposes.
The four wheel hose carriage held in reserve is located at No.
4 engine house ; it is also in poor condition, being built for hand
purposes also.
The large supply wagon is badly worn, having been continually
used in hauling feed and bedding for horses, lumber and other
material for building and repairing the department houses, and
for all other purposes in and about said department.
Coal or dump cart is in fair condition.
The buggy in use in this Department is in first-class condition,
having been lately overhauled in every particular.
CONDITION OF HORSES.
The department has eighteen horses, all of which are in excel
lent condition with the exception of a few which will soon have
to be disposed of, as they are unfit for fire service on account of
age and long service ; during the past year nine horses of
the above number were purchased from Ohio, Kentucky
and Illinois, through Mr. Thomas Bowden, of this city, and
one of the old horses was sold to the city drainage depart
ment and the amount credited to this department. The other
old horses were disposed of in same manner, and one sold at
auction by City Marshal in December of 1885, was credited to
this department for 1886, as will be seen by returns made to
City Treasurer.
CONDITION OF HOUSES.
House of Engine Company No. 1 has gone through some
changes on first floor. The horses and stalls have been ar-
70 MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
ranged in order that the horses may become trained to their
duties on the sounding of the alarm bell. The sleeping apart
ment in this house is very much in need of painting and kalsomining throughout; also some other improvements are needed
looking to the comfort of the men who are on duty day and night.
House of Engine Company No. 2 is not in any way suitable
for fire department purposes for various reasons, viz.: the
property is not owned by the city, and is rented at the rate of
thirty-five dollars per month for the down stairs floor, the room
where the apparatus is located, and one room up in the third
floor for sleeping quarters, which is entirely too far from the appa
ratus. The other rooms are rented to a military company as a
drill room. Other rooms to different organizations for meeting
purposes, &c. The construction of the house, the height and the
turn of the stairs, and for various other reasons, the efficiency of
this company is very much impaired by these quarters.
House of Engine Co. No. 3, has been very much improved
during the past year and still needs other repairs and improve
ments for the comfort of the men.
House of Engine Company No. 4, has been newly and ex
pressly built for fire department purposes on East side of Barnard
street South of Huntingdon street, and is a two-story brick
building 70 feet deep by 43 feet wide, ceilings 13 feet high, and
has yard room for feed house, work shops and other sheds, 61
feet deep by 43 feet wide with front on Howard Street, with large
double gate for driving in and returning of the apparatus, &c.
The house is furnished with five stalls alongside of apparatus,
and is also so arranged for the purpose of housing a Hook and Lad
der truck, which is absolutely necessary for the southern section
of the city, and said house is also arranged with two large double
doors in front and rear for engine, hose cart and hook and ladder
truck. This house is furnished with slide-pole from sleeping
quarters to engine room in front part of house, and is also
furnished with the engine house trips for freeing the horses, turn
ing on the gas full head, stopping the clock, etc., at the first
stroke of the gong; and all that is needed to complete said
house, is proper furniture and covering for the flooring of the
sleeping quarters, etc. This may be said also of the other quar
ters of this Department.
MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT. 71
Hook and Ladder Company No. i house is in good condition,
exception of the rear walls in truck room need plasteringhas
never been completed since said building was erected.
Hose Company No. i house is not owned by the city, and is
in fair condition ; same being kept in repairs and in order by
city for the use of the Fire Department, as the city has the use
of said building as long as Mrs. Elizabeth Frew, the owner, has
no other use for said property.
CONDITION OF HARNESS.
There are nine sets of double harness, including new and old,
which are in fair condition; also, six sets of single harness in
good condition.
CONDITION OF HORSE BLANKETS.
There are sixteen service blankets and eighteen stable blankets,
which are in fair condition, with a few exceptions.
The fire alarm telegraph is in a fair condition, but will require
some portions of the lines to be rebuilt during the coming year,
some of the wire having been in use ever since the adoption of
the system in this city, and the wires are constantly breaking,
particularly in places where the trees are in contact; some of the
poles will, also, have to be replaced. This branch of the Fire
Department has given fair satisfaction during the past year, con
sidering the time of its being in operation. For further condition
and information, I will refer to report of Superintendent of Fire
Alarm Telegraph.
COST OF MAINTENANCE.
Pay roll account from Dec. i, 1885 to Nov. 30, 1886,
for permanent men, and from Oct. 1, 1885, to Sept.
30, 1886, for the call men $17,888 72
New engine house, plumbing, etc 3.169 34
New engine No. 4, less amount allowed for the old
engine J. W. Anderson . 2,709 74
Nine horses purchased 2,575 o
0
Hose, suctions and couplings 2,187 50
Iron bell tower, of angle iron, erecting, etc 1,67569
Incidental tools, oils, paints, waste, lamps, etc . . . 1,896 20
Engines, trucks, wagons, etc., repairing, horse shoeing 1,191 43
72 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
Bell striking machine 900 00
Uniforms, caps and shirts, etc 884 50
Harness, new and repairing 728 79
Forage, hay, corn, oats, bran, etc 1.639 I2
Lumber, saw dust, etc 640 59
Fire alarm supplies and repairs 570 67
New hose cart No. 4 and freight 369 78
Rent for No 2 engine house 420 00
Bedsteads, bedding, etc 205 16
Fire alarm box, with indicator 250 00
Fuel, coal and wood 160 00
Medicines for and treatment of horses 157 85
Gaslight , 191 52
Switch board, 4-circuit 75 00
Engine house trips 75 00
Telephone rent, Sept. 16, 1886, to Sept. 16, 1887 . . 6000
Printing and stationery 91 30
Total $40,713 40
There has been a total of 159 alarms during the past year, an
increase over preceding years as follows :
1884 77alarms
1885 97 "
1886 159 "
And for further details of fires and alarms, causes, losses, in
surance, location, signals, etc., see statistics.
In accordance with the ordinance requiring the recording of
all new buildings erected and altered, I have to report a total
number of buildings as follows :
Buildings, new 336
Buildings, remodeled 168
Total, . . 404
MATERIAL OK CONSTRUCTION.
Wood 263
Brick 73
Tojal 336
MAYORS ANNUAL REPORT. 73
STYLE OK BUILDINGS AND TO BE OCCUPIED AS FOLLOWS
Brick, lodge hall and stores 4 stories,
Cotton exchange 2 "
School house 2 "
3
2 "
2 "
1
4 "
Engine house, fire department .
Stores
Dwellings
Bank office 1
Stables and sheds 1
Kitchens and bath rooms 2
Kitchens 1
Wheelright and smith shop .... 2
Jail 2
1
1
1
1
1
3
9
1
10
29
1
4
5
4
1
1
Total.
Wood, dwellings 3stories,
Stores 3
Asphalt
2
pavement factory 1
Churches 1
Stables,
Offices
Kitchens
1
sheds,
1
etc 1
73
15
130
84
1
5
3
1
4
3
17
Total 263
REMODELED, ALTERED AND REPAIRED.
Brick, dwellings 20
" Stores g
" Schools j
" Churches j
" Offices 2
74 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
" Stables 3
Total 36
Wood, dwellings 93
' Stores, offices, schools, etc 39
Total 132
RECOMMENDATIONS.
The Assistant Chief of the Department and foremen of the
different companies are imperatively needed. The continued in
crease of the duties of the department and the growth of the city
demand that these positions be filled by permanent officers. Also,
the appointment of additional permanent men to each company,
thus reducing the number of call men. It has always been dem
onstrated that where men are at their post and accompany the
apparatus to fires, it enables the apparatus to be placed in service
immediately on its arrival upon the fire ground. On long runs,
when the call men are at their work or at home, delay has been
experienced on several occasions, and should the foremen of
companies be permanent officers, being always at their respective
stations, a greater degree of discipline and more effective service
would be obtained. It is absolutely necessary that every officer and
member of a fire department should become familiar with the con
struction of all buildings, business houses, etc., in their respective
districts, in order to avoid confusion and delay in time of fire. I
recommend an increase of pay of the permanent and call men
connected with this department to such an extent as, in your judg
ment, you deem proper and just. I would respectfully, but
earnestly, ask your careful consideration of this important matter
the present year.
Also recommend that each sleeping apartment in the different
houses of this department be furnished with suitable furniture and
carpet or matting for the comfort of the men who are on duty day
and night, exposed to all weather and danger when called upon to
save life and property of our citizens ; as, in order to perform that
important duty, they require comfort, particularly on their return
from a fire, when they have to arrange the apparatus and all ap
purtenances in readiness for another call before changing their
clothing, whether wet or cold, as the case may be, especially as
MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT. 75
they are not allowed to leave their quarters for such purpose.
Recommend that steamer No. I be sold, exchanged or rebuilt
at once, as said engine's boiler is in a very dangerous condition,
and the wheels are also coming to pieces and past repairing.
Recommend the purchase of additional fire alarm signal boxes
of the non-interfering pattern, and that the same be placed in
localities where great delay, and considerable loss of property,
have resulted owing to the great distance between the boxes at
present.
Recommend the purchase of a third size Hayes patent extension
hook and ladder truck,and the same be located at Fire Department
Headquarters, and the one now in use be placed or located at No.
4 Engine House on Barnard street, near Hall, for protection to
the southern section of the city ; as the truck now in use is being
very much worn from constant use, and particularly the large
ladders are very dangerous, having been broken in several places
and the ends of seve-al very much burnt. Having a truck in
each section of the city, would be a great benefit to the horses
and apparatus, as well as add greatly to protection in each section
because ladder facilities.
Recommend the purchase of a new hose carriage for No. I
Hose Company. The one now in use by said company is very
much worn, and may cause serious delay and loss to property,
etc., should an accident occur while answeiing an alarm. Also, the
purchase of a supply wagon, for the purpose of carrying an extra
supply of coal, fuel, connections, hose and other appliances in
connection with said fire service; the same to be stationed at Fire
Department Headquarters. That a brick addition be erected
on the east side of No. 3 Engine Company house, the same as
used by No. 1 Hook and Ladder Company. This station, known
as Fireman's Hall, is in need of additional room ; as there is lo
cated here a steamer, one large four-wheel hose carriage for
double team, one large two-wheel single-team hose cart, onehook
and ladder truck, one large wagon for general use hauling feed,
bedding, etc., one dump cart, sweeping machine, one buggy,
supply room for fire alarm and a general supply room, also the
fire alarm battery having been removed from City Exchange
Building to said station during the past year, also the large bell
tower located in the yard, all extra supplies and appliances,
76 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
horses for each apparatus and extra horses, etc. Therefore, the
building needs very much to be enlarged by an addition.
Recommend, also, that each of the fire stations be furnished
with telephones. And also recommend that further fire protec
tion be given to the citizens in the neighborhood of Robertsville
and the locality known as Bryan Row, which are the south-eastern
and south-western sections of the city, by locating a hose cart and
horse, and all appurtenances to a hose company, for each of said
sections.
Recommend that the street sweeping machine be turned over
to the Street and Lane Department, to be operated by the horses
and hands of said department; as, on several occasions, an alarm
of fire having been received, the department was one engine short
for want of the horses. And another disagreeable feature while
said machine is being operated by the firemen, is that it inter
feres greatly with the regular night watch at the houses of the
department and also breaks up the rest of the men and horses,
and it is not known at what moment they may be summoned by
the alarm to perform a more important dutythat of saving life
and property of our citizens.
Recommend that the house now occupied by No. 2 Engine
Company, on Congress street, be purchased and remodeled, said
building being poorly constructed for fire purposes and same
being in bad condition; or, that another site more suitable be pur
chased for said company.
Recommend that suitable railroad track iron be purchased and
placed on the floors of all the apparatus rooms, in order to pre
serve the floors from the heavy weight and act as guides for the
wheels when going out, which saves the doors of the house and
avoids delay. When the horses are going out in answering an
alarm they become somewhat excited, and these rails would be
a great preventative against such accidents.
WATER SUPPLY.
Water mains have been extended and an additional number
of fire hydrants placed in use during the past year in different
sections of the city, and a steam fire engine company with an en
tire new outfit placed in service, all of which has added materially
to the protection of life and property and has been highly ap
preciated by the public.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 77
Have been improved during the past year, and it is to be hoped
that the improvement will continue. The condition of the streets
has been a great drawback to the apparatus of this department,
owing to the heavy sand, high crossings, and particularly the
railroad tracks not being paved in between the rails nor outside,
thereby causing the heavy apparatus when crossing the rails to
bed deeply in the soft sand. Also, have experienced consider
able difficulty on the streets by builders and others obstructing
lanes and fire hydrants with building material and goods of all
description; also, by wagons, trucks, carriages, etc., and by dig
ging the streets for the purpose of laying gas and water or sewer
pipes, without notifying this department that the streets were
open.
CONCLUSION.
I desire to express my thanks to the Honorable Mayor, to the
City Council and Committee on Fire, for the interest manifested
in the success of the department; also, for their consideration of
the requirements of the department during the past year. Also,
to the officers and members of the Fire Department for their
active co-operation, at all times. To the Chief of Police and his
department my thanks are also due for efficient aid rendered at
fires. I also wish to tender my thanks to the various insurance
agents doing business in the city, for many favors received at
their hands in making up the annual losses by fire Also, to the
citizens in general, who so kindly aided the members of this
department on occasions of threatening conflagrations.
Respectfully submitted.
ADOLPH FERNANDEZ,
Chief Engineer Savannah Fire Dep't.
78 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
SAVANNAH, GA., December 31, 1886.
Adolph Fernandez, Chief Savannah Fire Department:
DEAR SIR.I beg to submit the following report of the City
Fire Alarm Telegraph System for the year ending December
31, 1886:
There have been sixty four alarms given since my last report,
and seventy-two keys relieved ; showing that more than one box
was pulled at the same time in sounding an alarm. I respect
fully report some of the fire alarm boxes are in bad condition,
and would recommend that they be replaced by new ones, for
the better protection of property.
The expenses of the system for the year have been $570.67 ;
which is greater than for the year 1885, and was caused by the
system being greatly improvedthe battery being enlarged in
changing from City Exchange to Department Headquarters and
striking the large bell in addition to the Exchange bell ; also,
adding one switch board, one new gong and indicator and three
new trips.
The Telegraph System is now in first-class order, with excep
tion of boxes mentioned above, and working satisfactory, as evi
denced by the few failures of the alarm to sound during the year.
PROPERTY ON HAND AND IN USE.
27 signal boxes.
1 station, police barracks.
8 large gongs.
4 small gongs.
1 call bell.
174 cell of battery, complete.
16 miles of wire.
1 set of repeaters.
2 striidng machines.
1 pair of climbers.
1 set of pulleys.
3 vises.
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MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT. 79
i pair pliers.
1 hatchet.
1 saw.
1 shovel.
1 sounder and key.
3 trips.
2 screw-drivers.
1 hydrometer.
3 galvonometers (onenot in use.)
85 zincs.
85 battery jars.
50 coppers.
^ mile of wire.
25 brackets.
40 pins.
20 insulators.
I also report the expenses of keeping city clocks in order for
the past year, $112.60.
Very respectfully,
J. W. JONES,
Supt Fire Alarm.
8o MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
REPORT OF THE SUPERINTENDENT WATER
WORKS.
SAVANNAH, GA., December 31, 1886.
Ho?i. Rufus E. Lester, Mayor of Savannah :
SIR.I respectfully report the following as the workings of the
Water Works Department, under my superintendence, for the
past year (1886) :
ENGINES.
The amount of water delivered to consumers of all classes
during the year, one billion, eight hundred and eighty-two mil
lions three hundred and twenty-seven thousands and eight hun
dred (1,882,327,800) gallons, exceeding the quantity delivered the
previous year one hundred and fifty-two millions three hundred
and twenty-nine thousand five hundred (152,329,500) gallons;
the excess being equivalent to one full summer month's supply,
and at the rate of one hundred and fifteen (115) gallons per day
for each and every one of a population of 45,000. To accom
plish this, with the present pumping capacity of the works, has
required the utmost care and attention, this great duty having
been performed (with but ten days' intermission, during which
time the small pump was put on duty as it became necessary to
make slight repairs and repacking large pump,) by the large, or
five-million-gallon pump entirely, greatly beyond its capacity,
and unable to furnish a satisfactory head elevation to consumers,
it has now become absolutely necessary to obtain additional
pumping capacity, either : to purchase a new and larger pump ;
or, to enlarge the pump ends of the five-million-gallon engine,
and thereby increase its capacity to seven million five hundred
thousand gallons. To do the last mentioned is quite practicable,
having now the steam cylinders and boiler capacity to warrant
the addition. It is very desirable to act in the matter at once, so
"V.'S* t^
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 8I
as to have the same finished before the hot months of summer
set in.
Both engines are in good order. Though the large engine
shows no perceptible signs of weakness or frictional wear, pru
dence would dictate a more thorough overhaul or examination.
It is certainly to the credit of the engines and their builders
(R. H. Worthington, N. Y.,) that, after four years and a half of
incessant service, they are performing a much greater duty, with
less fuel and with as perfect a vacuum as when first erected; and
this, also, without the cylinder-heads having been taken off, or
the piston having been seen during all that time.
BOILERS.
The boilers are in good condition, and have required very little
expense for repairs during the year, and, apparently, but a small
amount will be needed the coming year.
BUILDINGS.
The buildings are in good order, no perceptible damage having
been done by the shock of an earthquake on August 31, although
from the description given by engineer and fireman on duty at
the time they expected to see them fall to the ground. All of
the force of the quake seems to have been expended on two
small houses adjacent to the engine house and belonging to the
site, which were badly damagedone of them being unsafe for
occupation.
EXTENSIONS.
The main distributing pipes have been extended four thousand,
five hundred and fifty-two (4,552) feet, on the streets named
below:
On Anderson St., east from Abercorn st 927 feet 10-in. pipe
On Anderson St., west from West Broad st. 858 " 6-in. "
On Duffy st., east from Abercorn st 312 " 6-in. "
On Gwinnett st., west from West Broad St.. 396 " 6-in. "
On Burroughs st., south from Gwinnett St.... 1,219 " 6-in. "
On Duffy st., west from West Broad st 396 " 6-in. "
On Factory st., west from Wilson lane 444 " 4-in. "
Total 4)552 feet.
A^W10#WfvW^^| VWt
Offi
82 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
The aggregate now being thirty-three and three-quarters
(33M) miles of mains in the city.
HYDRANTS.
Twelve (12) new hydrants have been put in on the extensions
of mains. Total number of hydrants, three hundred and twenty
(320) in the care of the department.
CESSPOOLS AND SEWERS
Have been kept supplied with water, and it has required a large
quantity to keep them in good order, the dry season being so
prolonged, they would become foul and offensive so quickly.
Twelve additional cesspools on East Broad street, and two at foot
of West Broad street have been supplied, the cost of which has
added to the expense of their care.
FOUNTAINS.
The fountain at the intersection of St. Julian and West Broad
streets is the only one in the care of the department, and the only
one for the convenience and use of animals. It is in good order,
and has required no repairs.
LEAKS.
There have been six leaks repaired, four of them breaks in the
mains and two in lead joints, as follows :
1 on Habersham and Perry lane break in 6-in. pipe
1 on River street, near canal " 6-in.
* 1 on Jones and Guerard streets " 6-in.
1 on Bay and Randolph streets .joint in 6-in.
1 on River and Farm streets " 4-in.
1 on River street, foot of Price " 4-in.
6
The extreme cold weather in January caused a large number
of bursts in the fire hydrants from freezing ; they were so badly
broken it was necessary to take them out, and forty (40) have
been removed and replaced with new hydrants.
VALVES.
Six (6) new valves have been put in and located as follows:
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 83
1 on Anderson, at Abercorn street 10in. valve
1 on Anderson, at West Broad street 6-in.
1 on West Broad, at Gwinnett street 6-in.
1 on West Broad, at Duffy street 6-in.
1 on Factory, at Wilson street 4-in.
1 on Reynolds, at Broughton street 3-in.
CITY WELL PUMPS.
The city well pumps have been kept in good order, with re
newals where necessary, and an additional number of iron
pumps have been substituted for wooden pumps; they being
cheaper, healthier and more durable, with less liability to get out
of order, and repaired with more dispatch.
WASTE.
The continued heavy waste of water has increased to a much
greater extent than formerly, as is clearly shown by the fact that
quite as much water is pumped during the twenty-four hours of
Sunday as during other days of the week.
METERS.
It is advisable that meters should be adopted for large con
sumers, that mode of charging for water being more satisfactory
to all parties concerned.
ARTESIAN WELLS.
The well authorized by Council to be placed in Greene Square
was drilled to a depth of near four hundred feet, and a full supply
of water reached within two feet of the surface. One hand pump
was connected directly with the well and also a fire hydrant.
The two pumps on East Broad, which were abandoned on
account of the presence of oil in the wells, were connected also.
As the supply of this well seems to be inexhaustible, many other
pumps and fire hydrants can be supplied from same. The actual
cost of this well is seven hundred and sixty-six, $766.00^ dollars.
Since this well was completed, other wells have been drilled at
the works, at a comparative small cost, furnishing an unfailing
supply of pure water. An additional outlay of five thousand
($5,000) dollars would complete the same, and furnish the city
ftoptrty ofMrnyor** OffUe,
84 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
with a full supply of pure artesian water, at the same time keep
ing our supply connection with the river, as at present, alternating
with the water furnished as desirab'e, or as the Sanitary Com
mittee should advise.
.t*.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL KEPOBT. 85
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86 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
The entire expenditures of the department, as per exhibit in
cluded with this report, (and which embraces the bills passed at
last meeting ot Council, not in Treasurer's account,) has been
thirty-one thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight TOV ($31,868.61)
dollars ; which is in excess of the appropriation six thousand eight
hundred and sixty-eight iVo ($6,868.61) dollars, the appropriation
being twenty-five thousand ($25,000) dollars for the year. This
excess has been for extraordinary expenses, not contemplated at the
beginning of the year, and is fully explained in the exhibit of
expenses. The actual increase in the running expenses of the
department has been three hundred and seventy-two ($372.00)
dollars above last year. This is very readily off-set by the in
crease in the quantity of water pumped, the increase in quantity
being equivalent to one whole month's supply, or in expense
about sixteen hundred ($1,600) dollars.
Respectfully,
A. N. MILLER,
Sup't Savannah Water Wcrks.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 8j
REPORT OF CLERK OF MARKET.
SAVANNAH, GA., January i, 1887.
Ho?i. Rufois E. Lester, Mayor:
DEAR SIR.I have the honor to submit herewith a statement
of market fees collected through this office for the year endipg
December 31, 1886, and turned into the City Treasury:
Total amount collected $11,20860
Average monthly collections 934 05
Average weekly collections 215 55
I have the honor to be,
Your obedient servant,
WM. H. BORDLEY,
Clerk of Market.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
REPORT OF HEALTH OFFICER.
SAVANNAH, December 31, 1886.
Hon. Ruftis E. Lester, Mayor.
SIR.I have the honor to submit the following report of the
Health Office for year 1886:
As a community, the citizens of Savannah have every reason
to be grateful for the excellent state of health which has prevailed
during the past twelve months. No case of suspicious fever has
either been reported or suspected, neither has there been any
rumor of small pox or cholera.
Diphtheria and scarlet fever have existed in lesser degree than
for years past, six deaths from each disease having occurred ;
the report for 1885 being fifteen (15) deaths from diphtheria and
three (3) from scarlet fever.
In the compilation of the mortuary tables which accompany
this report, the census of 1885-1886 is adopted, viz: Whites,
26,675 I black and colored, 19,111. Total, 45,786.
The healthfulness of the climate is forcibly demonstrated by
the continued low death rate of the whites, which is 17.1 per 1,000
ofpopulation per annum. This report will compare most favorably
with the report of any city of the Union where vital statistics are
accurately tabulated.
I regret to say that the death ratio of the black and colored
population is very high, greater than it has been for years past,
being 49.8 per 1,000 of population.
This increased ratio for past year is in great measure due to
standard neglect and indifference of parents and so-called friends,
and to the prevalence of measles in epidemic form during the
summer months. This disease appearing at the season of the
year when euteric complications are prone, and when water
melons and cheap vegetables were at hand in abundance, the
heads of families had good opportunity (and seemingly embraced
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 89
it,) to rid themselves of their youthful encumbrances; the deaths
of black and colored children under ten (10) years of age for the
year being 466188 greater than for same ages during 1885.
Two hundred and forty (2411) blacks and colored and fourteen
(14) whites have died during the year without having a physician
in attendance. If the City Physicians did not of their own
volition follow up pauper cases to which they have been called,
it is reasonable to surmise that parents or friends would recall
them ; but, in nearly every instance where certificate of death and
burial permit has been furnished from this office, the statement
is made to me that no physician has been called, or that none
have seen the case for two or three weeks prior to death. Charity
physicians and free medicines are offered them by the city author
ities, which they refuse to accept. Hospital accommodation is
also rejected, except in cases of serious injury, or when they are
turned adrift by their kith and kin in consequence of old age or
chronic diseases.
Since negroes became free their death rate, wherever congre
gated in large numbers, has been very high ; this statement holds
good for all sections of the United States. Statistics prove, be
yond question of doubt, that prior to the emancipation of the
negro race their death rate was not greater, in fact it was smaller
in Savannah, than that of the white race. [See Table 4 of this
report.] It is just and proper that I should state that, in this
community, there are many excellent, worthy, thrifty colored
citizens. To these my remarks and deductions do not apply. I
write of the race, an incubus population.
Compilers of vital statistics still adopt the method of combin
ing populations and deaths of whites and blacks, and from this
produce and publish to the world the resulting ratio as the health
standard of Southern cities, thus perverting the intent of such
compilations and rendering such reports worthless, as they con
vey false ideas to white people who are disposed to seek homes
in the South. The health standard of Savannah, as it will be
promulgated outside of this report, will be 30.7 for year 1886;
while the correct standard is : whites, 17.1; blacks, 49.8. It will
b* seen that, by the 30.7 standard, 13.1 is added to the whites
and 19.1 taken from the blacks.
The Board of Sanitary Commissioners for the year were:
go MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
Hon. Rufus E. Lester, Mayor and ex-offcio Chairman, Aldermen
W. Duncan and R. D. Thomas, (the latter served until June,
when other Council appointment prevented attendance upon
meetings, and Alderman R. D. Bogart was appointed to fill the
vacancy,) Citizens J. F. Wheaton, George L. Cope, J. R. Saussy
and J. T McFarland, Health Officer and ex-officio Secretary of
the Board.
The sanitary condition of the city has been good; but the
streets and lanes from Bay street to State street, through the
great thoroughfares of the city, have presented as a constancy a
littered and untidy appearance. This habit of sweeping litter
into the streets and lanes has become a fixed custom, and, if the
ordinances of the city governing the removal of garbage and
litter are not made effective and rigidly enforced, this practice
will surely grow into an unsanitary nuisance.
The drainage of the low lands south aid south-east of the city
is much improved since last report. This section of city sur
rounding is in better sanitary condition than ever before, with
fair promise of still being speedily improved.
Nuisance complaints have been very few during the past year.
The old objectionable privy vaults have been well looked after
and have given as little trouble to the community as could have
been expected. The majority of nuisance complaints reported
to this office have related to defective plumbing, not only in
houses in which the plumbing work is of old date, but several
in which the plumbing work has been recently done have been
complained of, in consequence of the want of a sufficient supply
of water. The complaints have invariably been well-founded,
and the houses found in unsanitary condition. There should be
an ordinance which could compel owners of property having
sewer connections, to keep plumbing work in the best sanitary
condition.
The water supply of Savannah is its objectionable sanitary
point. I most earnestly recommend that the work of boring
wells, now in such fine state of progress at the City Water Works,
(with intent to supplying the city with artesian water) be pushed
to its earliest completion, and that every well pump in the city
be abandoned. The surface and seepage water furnished by
these pumps could not be much more polluted, and it is used by
MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT. 91
the larger portion of our population. With the fact staring us in
the face that cholera has crossed to this continent, it behooves the
city authorities to improve the water supply of this community
with as little delay as possible.
The quarantine regulations of this port were amended during
May, 1886, by Hon. The City Council, so that vessels from in
fected or suspected ports and localities, should be detained, dur
ing the summer and fall months annually, six days after fumi
gationfumigation being administered after unballasting and
cleansing. This change of ordinance has worked well, and is
unquestionably an advance in the right direction ; contra to the
former regulation, which required fifteen (15) days detention of
such vessels.
The entrance to the Quarantine anchorage is slowly but surely
filling up. Vessels drawing twelve (12) feet of water cannot be
taken into Quarantine at less than three-quarters (^) flood tide.
The wharfage of this anchorage will soon be available only for
the discharge of ballast from vessels much smaller than those now
treated there.
The accommodation for vessels for unballasting at the Quarantine
Station is totally inadequate, frequently causing unnecessary delay,
which is injurious to the rapidly increasing commerce of the port
I again urge upon the city authorities the necessity for increase of
wharfage at the Station. Moorages can be readily constructed on
the south side of the jetty, at no great expense, and such im
provement is absolutely demanded to prevent the banking up of
vessels which are subjected to unballasting at the Quarantine
Station.
No case of sickness has either been brought to Quarantine or
occurred on board of any vessel there detained.
The Sapelo Quarantine Station has been kept open during the
year. One vessel, the bark Trimpus, destined for this port from
Aspinwell, having had fatal cases of fever on board while at said
port and also during voyage, was sent to this Station for treat
ment. I advise the necessity for using every means to have this
outside Quarantine Station made a permanent one by the gov
ernment; the report of the Surgeon General M. H. S., just pub
lished, shows no intention of establishing this Lazaretto upon
such basis. The coasts of South Carolina, Georgia and Florida
92 MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
are dependent upon the keeping open of this station for the great
sanitary advantage of the removal of infected vessels from their
respective ports. I am indebted for much valuable sanitary in
formation received during the year from the Surgeon General's
Office M. H. S., U. S. A.
The correspondence which the Premier of England directed
during October, 1885, through the British Minister at Washing
ton, D. C, to Hon. the Secretary of State, U. S. A., reaching
through latter channel Hon. the Governor of the State of Georgia
and the Mayor of Savannah, making point regarding the quar
antine detention of the British steamship Sylvia at this port, based
as it was upon extreme presumption and meddlesomeness and
incorrectness, ended in a farcical flash-in-the-pan. In connection
with this attempt to interfere with State quarantine, it is eminently
proper that I state that the Health Board of Savannah filed letter
of complaint with the United States authorities at Washington,
D. C, against Horatio J. Sprague, Consul at Gibraltar, (the port
from which the steamship Sylvia sailed), for issuing of incorrect
and dangerous bill of health to said vesselthe bill ofhealth stating
that there was neither cholera, etc., or suspicion of same at port
of Gibraltar on August 24, 1886, the date of sailing of the Sylvia.
In answer to this, the health authorities of Savannah received
reply from the authorities at Washington, D. C, stating that
Consul Sprague had explained that, on day of sailing of the
Sylvia, the Consuls at Gibraltar had met and decided to give
clean bills of health, and that the explanation was satisfactory to
the United States authorities at Washington. Cholera (fatal
case) occurred at Gibraltar on August 18th, six days before sail
ing of the Sylvia, (this case making twelve (12) cases at said port
up to that date). Another case of cholera occurred there on
August 28th, four days after clearance of the Sylvia. It is use
less to say that the lame explanation which satisfied the United
States authorities at Washington, D. C, did not satisfy the health
authorities of Savannah.
Such instances as the one above cited, coupled with the follow
ing, gives an idea of the complete worthlessness of bills of health.
During November last, the captain of a Norwegian bark, who
arrived at this port from Bahia, South America, presented
^through accident and under envelope) two bills of health, both
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 93
bearing same date and written and signed in same hand-writing,
(signed, Consul at Bahia,) one stating that cholera and yellow
fever either prevailed or was suspected; the other stating that
yellow fever existed at the port of Bahia. I forwarded these bills
of health to Hon. the Secretary of the Treasury, through office
of Surgeon General M. H. S., at Washington, D. C. Comment
is useless! Reform, with integrity as the stand poi.it, is de
manded in this important sanitary department of the United
States service.
To H. M. C. Smith, Esq., Manager of the Tug Boat Company
of Savannah, the Health Department is indebted for universal
courtesy and aid in facilitating communication with the Quaran
tine Station. This courtesy has been cheerfully given, and has
afforded great assistance to the health authorities of the city.
I am, sir, your obedient servant,
J. T. McFARLAND. M. D.,
Health Officer.
94 MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
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IOO MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
REPORT OF SUPERINTENDENT OF ODORLESS
EXCAVATING MACHINE.
SAVANNAH, January i, 1887.
Hon. Rufus E. Lester, Mayor City of Savannah :
SIR.I have the honor to transmit herewith my report as
Superintendent of the Odorless Excavating Machine Department,
from January 1 to December 31, 1886:
The number of vaults cleaned from January 1, to December
31, 1886, 1,032.
The following amount of matter has been removed from the
above vaults for the year ending December 31, 1886: 79,084
cubic feet.
The expenses of the department have been, for the year, as
follows:
Salary of Superintendent $ 999 96
Time of hands 5.337 99
Repairs, harness, shoeing, blacksmithing,
barrels, etc 47005
Forage for stock 1,31960
Lime, cement, sand and brick 92 10
Hire of extra wagons i,793 50
Charcoal, tar, nails, tools, etc 78 47
Medical treatment to stock 1875
Hire of horse for Superintendent 162 50
$10,272 92
Against which was collected for cleaning
and repairing streets, by City Treasurer 63,959 88
For cleaning and repairing sinks, by City
Marshal 1,039 2
3
To be collected by City Treasurer for year
1886 285 28
MAYORS ANNUAL REPORT. IOI
To be collected by City Marshal
Notes turned over to City Treasurer for
collection.
Time of hands on Barnard street sewer,
assisting Street and Lane Department,
3,488 06
536 17
256 50
Net cost of Department for the year 1886, $3,784 86
Very respectfully,
Your obedient servant,
W. J. CLEARY,
Superintendent O. E. M.
MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
REPORT OF CITY PHYSICIAN.
EASTERN DISTRICT.
SAVANNAH, GA., January 3, 1887.
Col. R. E Lester, Mayor City of Savannah:
DEAR SIR.In compliance with a request of Mr. F. E. Rebarer,
I beg leave herewith to submit my annual report as City Physi
cian of the Eastern District of Savannah for the year 1886, from
January 1, 1886, to December 31, 1886:
Total number of patients attended, (exclusive of those sent to
the various hospitals, to whom visits were paid or who were seen
at my office,) 7,075. Of this number 4,711 were visited at their
own homes, and 2,364 treated at my office; giving a daily aver
age of 12.91 per diem of those in the city, and 6.41 per diem in
the office, or (nearly) 20, inclusive.
The number of deaths was 77 for the year, viz. :
Infantile convulsions 5
Undefined .' 4
Old age 2
Nephritis 1
Diphtheria 1
Typhoid fever 1
Dysentery 2
Puerperal convulsions 1
Marasmus 14
Malaria 2
Bright's disease 1
Jaundice 1
Scrofula 2
Mai nutrition 4
Inanition , 5
Pnuemonia 8
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 103
Peritonitis 1
Cancrum oris 1
Chronic diarrhoea 4
Obstructive amenhcea 1
Moribund, when seen 4
Suffocative bronchitis 1
Cancer of Uterus 1
Cholera infantum 4
Phthisis 3
Dropsy 2
Burns 1
Patients sent to Savannah Hospital, 120; discharged, 104;
died, 5; and eleven (11) still remain.
Patents sent to St. Joseph's Infirmary, 121; discharged, 107;
died, 5 ; and nine (9) still remain.
Patients sent to Georgia Infirmary, 106; discharged., 75; and
ten (10) still remain.
In submitting the above, I would say that the death rate in the
Georgia Infirmary is due to the fact that it is a very hard matter
to persuade patients (negro) to go into the hospital unless in
extremes.
Yours, truly,
W. W. OWENS, M. D.,
City Physician, East Dist., Savannah, Ga.
104 MAYORS ANNUAL KEPOKT.
REPORT OF CITY PHYSICIAN.
WESTERN DISTRICT.
SAVANNAH, GA., January 4, 1887.
Ho?i. Rufus E. Lester, Mayor:
DEAR SIR.I herewith submit my report as City Physician
for the Western District, for the year 1886, viz.:
I have had six thousand one hundred and seventy-seven
(6,177) office consultations, and made four thousand and twentythree (4,023) visits to the sick, making ten thousand and two
hundred (10,200) in all ; giving a daily average of nearly 17
office consultations and 14 visits.
I have signed about eighty-two death certificates. Only one
was due to climatic disease, and that was brought from the
country; they were mostly for children within their first year.
I have given three hundred and ninety-five permits to the
several hospitals, and now have remaining in them as follows :
Thirteen in the Savannah Hospital, seventeen in St. Joseph's
Infirmary, and ten in the Georgia Infirmary; making a total of
forty.
All of which is respectfully submitted.
JNO. M. JOHNSTON, M. D.,
City Physician for Western Division.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 105
REPORT OF KEEPER LAUREL GROVE CEMETERY.
OFFICE KEEPER LAUREL GROVE CEMETERY,
SAVANNAH, January 1, 1887.
Hon. Rufus E. Lester, Mayor :
SIR.I have the honor to report Laurel Grove Cemetery in
its usual good order and condition.
The work of draining the ravine with underground pipes has
been finished. The fencing around the Cemetery needs white
washing.
During the past year there has been received :
For sale of burial lots $70000
For burial fees 762 75
Total $1,46275
Amount paid for labor, material, tools, etc 6,108 69
Number of interments at the expense of the City:
Whites, from the city 24
Whites, from Savannah Hospital 31 55
Colored, from the city 88
Colored, from the Colored Infirmary 72 160
Total 215
The number of interments during the past year are as follows :
io6 MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
NUMBER OF INTERMENTS IN LAUREL GROVE CEMETERY AND CEME
TERY FOR COLORED PERSONS, FROM JAN. 1 TO DEC. 3I, 1886.
WHITE. COLORED. in
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January 21 7 28 62 27 89 117
February 16 3 19 44 22 66 85
March 18 5 23 75 13 88 in
April 17 8 25 67 Til 82 107
May 36 2 38 IOI 20 121 159
June 27 7 34 120 IO 130 164
July 18 8 26 76 25 lot 127
August >9 3 22 68 15 83 105
September 3! 3 33 84 9 93 126
October 23| II
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, 7
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39
83
66
22
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105
80
I
39
November 119
December ....-' 27, 4 3i 63 9 72 103
Number of interments from its opening, October, 1852: Whites,
13,362; colored, 21,237. Total, 34,599.
I have the honor to be, very respectfully,
Your obedient servant,
A. F. TORLAY,
Keeper Laurel Grove Cemetery.
MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT. 107
REPORT OF KEEPER CITY DISPENSARY.
OFFICE OF CITY DISPENSARY,
January 1, 1887.
Hon. Rufus E. Lester, Mayor:
SIR.I have the honor to submit the following report of the
number of persons supplied with medicines from the Dispensary
during the year ending December 31, 1886;
io8 MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
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In 1885 there was compounded 23,346 prescriptions, at cost
of $4,276.08, or 18 32 cents ; in 1886 there was compounded 24,789
prescriptions, at cost of $4,436.04, or 17.88 cents. Decrease in
cost of prescriptions, .44 cents.
In accordance with instructions received December 10, 1885,
from the Health and Cemetery Committee, no prescriptions were
furnished the county poor during this year.
Very respectfully,
LEWIS CASS,
Keeper City Dispensary.
MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
REPORT OF HARBOR MASTER.
SAVANNAH, January i, 1887.
Hon. R. E. Lester, Mayor:
DEAR SIR.I have the honor to report that I have deposited
with City Treasurer the sum of eleven thousand eight hundred
and sixteen dollars and seventy-three cents ($11,816.73), amount
of harbor fees and wharfage collected for the past year ; being
seven hundred and fifty-six dollars and thirteen cents ($756.13)
in excess of last year. Tonnage, eight bundled and eighty-eight
, thousand five hundred and eighty-six (888,586). There has been
ample room for all vessels. Annexed find a tabulated monthly
statement of tonnage and fees.
I am, respectfully,
Your obedient servant,
R. C. KENNEDY,
Harbor Master.
MAYORS ANNUAL REPORT. Ill
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112 MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
SAVANNAH RIVER IMPROVEMENTS.
REPORT OF LIEUT. O. M. CARTER, CORPS OF ENGINEERS.
UNITED STATES ENGINEER OFFICE,
SAVANNAH, GA., June 30, 1886.
COLONEL.I have the honor to submit the following report
of operations for improving the harbor at Savannah, Ga., during
the fiscal year ending this date.
The work of constructing wing-dams was continued under con
tract in force at the beginning of the year, until September, 1885.
Dredging, which had been temporarily suspended prior to the
close of last year, was resumed in August and was continued
until October, when operations were suspended from lack of
funds. During the year an accurate line of levels was run from
Cross Tides to Fort Pulaski, for use in the further study and im
provement of the river. All existing works were examined
during the present month, in order to determine their condition.
The adjacent channels were also carefully sounded out during the
same period.
CROSS TIDES DAM.
At the close of the last fiscal year the crest of this dam was at
the level of mean high water, the work of bringing it to this
height having been done as explained in my report for 1885.
Several slight breaks took place in the dam during the year,
caused by the unequal settlement of the log mattress foundation.
These breaks were repaired from time to time, by using brush
fascines and stone.
Experience has shown that rip-rap stone of the size called for
by the specifications will not hold here above mean low water,
but very good results were obtained by building the stone into a
sort of dry masonry wall. Even this has not held during the
entire year. A great deal of stone has been thrown off the dam
by fishermen and others interested in securing a short water route
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 113
from the Back river to Savannah, and these small breaks have
rapidly enlarged under the pressure of the head of water at the
dam.
Guage-readings, taken in January and February of this year,
show a difference in the mean low-water levels, above and below
the dam, of 2.9 feet.
In time of freshets this difference is greater.
There are at present two breaks near the middle of the dam,
one of which is 225 feet long, and from 3 feet above to 3 feet be
low mean low water; while the other is seventy feet long, and
from 1 to 5 feet above mean low water. The crest of the rest of
the dam has not changed-since last year's report.
The deep-water pockets, above and below the dam, have deep
ened somewhat during the year, but their areas have not mate
rially enlarged.
UPPER RICE MILL.
No work was done here during the year. Two small shoals
have formed in the channel, just above the foot of West Broad
street, the least mean high-water sounding over which is 20.5
feet. There is still a practicable channel, however, which is 21
feet deep at the same stage. A shoaling of 1 foot has taken place
here during the year.
GARDEN BANK SHOAL.
The wing-dams at this point are in good condition.
The shoaling opposite the entrance of the discharge pipe from
the Gas Works, mentioned in my last year's report, continued,
and in August 4,953.89 cubic yards were dredged from the
channel in this locality. The length of the shoal is about the
same as at the close of the last fiscal year, but the channel defined
by the 12-foot mean low-water curves has narrowed somewhat
during the year. The least mean high-water sounding in the
channel is now 19.4 feet, a shoaling of six-tenths of a foot having
taken place since the close of last year. There are lumps near
the channel, however, on which the high-water depth is only 18
feet, and dredging will soon be imperatively necessary at this
locality.
Large volumes of sand are washed from the city streets into
the channel here at every rain storm, and it will be difficult to
114 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
keep this shoal removed, as long as this is allowed to continue.
WRECKS CHANNEL.
During the months ofJuly and August work on the Fig Island
jetty was continued, and its crest brought up to about 5 feet
above mean low water. In the cyclone oi August 25, some dam
age was done to that portion of the jetty between spurs 10 and
n. The rest of the jetty is in good condition, with the excep
tion of a few gaps between spurs 1 and 4, which were caused by
the tearing out, by unknown parties, of stone and brush to make
room for the passage of small boats. The general crest of the
jetty has not changed. The silting up between the spurs and
along the north side of the jetty still continues, but the growth
of the marsh grass does not seem to have advanced any since
my last report.
The least mean high-water sounding in this channel is now
21.1 feet, a deepening of 1 foot during the year. Some shoaling
has taken place near buoy No. 14, at the lower end of the channel,
which indicates the necessity for the further extension of the Fig
Island jetty.
OBSTRUCTIONS.
Wing-dam No. 15 is in good condition. A cut 45 feet wide
was made in September to connect the 15-foot mean low-water
pools above and below this shoal.
The material removed was coarse sand.
From causes mentioned in my last year's report, some slight
shoaling has taken place since this dredging was done.. The least
mean high-water sounding over this shoal is at present 20.9 feet,
which is 1.1 foot more than at the close of the last fiscal year.
UPPER FLATS.
Wing-dams Nos. 4 and 23 have not changed since last year's
report. The gaps existing in Nos. 6 and 25 at the close of last
year, were filled with brush fascines and stone, and both dams
brought to an even crest. They are now in good condition.
No. 27, which had settled slightly in one or two places, was re
paired by re-distributing the stone on its crest. Both it and No.
10 are in good condition, and neither shows any sign of settle
ment.
Property ofMayor's Office,
Savannah, &a.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 115
The width and depth of the channel at this crossing have been
well maintained, and no shoaling has taken place except at the
lower end, between dams Nos. 10 and 27, where, for a distance of
400 feet, the depth is about 8 inches less than at the close of last
year. In September a cut 440 feet long, 45 feet wide and 15 feet
deep, at mean low water, was dredged through this shoal. The
least mean high-water sounding in this channel here at present is
21.4 feet.
LOWER FLATS.
Wing-dams Nos. 14 and 29 were slightly injured in the cyclone
of last August. About 100 feet of the outer end ofNo. 29 is now
2 feet below mean low water. The outer half of No. 14 varies
from 3 feet above to 2.5 feet below that level. Neither dam shows
any sign of settlement.
Wing-dam No. 13 is still unfinished.
In August a cut of 1,960 feet long and 45 feet wide was dredged
to fifteen feet deep at mean low water, for the purpose of con
necting the deep water pools above and below this shoal. The
upper portion of the cut has deepened since that time from 1 to 3
feet, and the lower portionopposite wing dam No. 13has
shoaled about 6 inches. The least mean high-water sounding
on the range is now 21.5 feet; a deepening of 1 foot during the
year.
LONG ISLAND CROSSING.
Wing dams Nos. 26 and 33, which, at the close of the last fiscal
year, had settled in a few places from 4 to 6 feet, were brought to
an even crest in July with brush fascines and stone. These dams
were both injured by the August storm. The outer half of dam
No. 33 is at present about up to the level of mean low water,
while the inner half is about 5 feet above that level. The crest
of dam No. 26 varies from about 1 foot above to about 4 feet be
low that level.
The channel defined by the 15-foot mean low-water curves is
somewhat more irregular than at the close of last year, and has
narrowed to 300 feet between the dams. Between stations Nos.
1 and 2, on Long Island, a shoaling of about 2 feet has taken place
during the year, the 15-foot mean low-water curves being now
separated from each other by a shoal about 4,100 feet in length,
116 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
over which there is a least mean low-water depth of 13.9 feet.
The upper 3-fathom curve below Venus Point has not changed
during the year, but the lower curve does not extend up stream
as far by 1,020 feet as at the. close of last year.
In some places to the northward of the channel, a shoaling of
from 3.5 to 4 feet has taken place.
The time has now arrived when the proposed contracting
works at the lower end of Jones' Island should be built.
OYSTER BED SHOAL.
When work was necessarily suspended in September, wingdam No. 31 was unfinished. Its crest throughout is at about mean
low water. It does not show any sign of settlement. The channel
over the old shoal, near spar buoy No. 11, for the improvement
of which this dam was built, has deepened in places from 3 to 4
feet during the year. The width has been maintained, and this
shoal can be considered permanently removed.
MISCELLANEOUS.
The Big Gap dam was repaired in September, by filling up the
hole at its eastern extremity with brush fascines and loading them
with rip-rap stone.
The gap was so irregular in appearance that fascine mattresses
could not be used; but, at slack low water, the hole was filled
with single fascines, these being placed close together, with their
axis perpendicular to the axis of the dam, and loaded heavily
with stone. With the exception of a gap about 25 feet in width,
near its middle, the dam is in good condition. Philbrick's Cut
dam was repaired in the same manner as the Big Gap dam.
There is at present a gap near the southern end of the dam wide
enough for the passage of small boats. The rest of this dam is
all right.
All of the other closing dams on the river are in good order.
At the close of active operations in October, the river was in
most excellent condition; but work has been at a stand still since
that time on account of lack of funds, and some shoaling has
taken place, which could have been controlled for a much smaller
sum than will be required for its removal.
During the past year several vessels of over 20 feet draught
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 117
have passed from the city to the sea, and vice versa, on a single
tide. In one instance a vessel drawing 20 feet 9 inches was
brought in ; a draught of 1 foot 9 inches greater than was ever be
fore brought to the city wharves. The record of draughts, which I
append, was compiled from the pilot records by Captain Kennedy,
the Harbor Master of the port, and shows that from 1872 to the
present time the available depths of water from the city to the
sea has increased over 3.5 feet. At many points this increase has
been much greater, and much larger vessels are now able to nav
igate the river than in former years.
Savannah is the chief port of the South Atlantic coast, the
second cotton port ofAmerica, and the first naval-stores port ofthe
world. Her commerce for 1885 was over $67,000,000. I append
a table of commercial statistics of the port, furnished by the Col
lector of Customs.
Charts of the river from Fig Island to Elba Island and form
Elba Island to Cockspur Island are transmitted herewith.
The following table shows the work done during the year:
JETTY WORK.
Date1885.
July, August, Sept.
July, August . . .
July, August, Sept.
July
July, August. Sept.
July, September .
Jiy
July
September ....
Locality. Matresses. Fascines
Total
By prev. rep'ts '84-'85
Agg'e during contract
Dam No. 31 . . .
Fig Island Jetty .
Cross Tides Dam
Philbrick's Cut "
Dam No. 6 . . .
Dam No. 25 . . .
Dam No. 26 . . .
Dam No. 33 . . .
Big Gap Dam . .
Sq. yds.
12,042.82
12,042.82
105.095.86
117,138.68
Cu. yds.
1,540.07
162.32
154-2.5
329-03
712.99
166.42
140.00
838.62
4,043.70
5,634-49
9,678.19
Stone.
Cu yds.
2,106.76
198.46
1,750-23
121.35
66.35
98.54
189.66
4,526.35
21,202.94
25,729.29
Il8 MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
DREDGING.
Date18S5. Locality. Cubic Yds
August
August, September
September ....
September ....
September, October
Total
By previous reports1884-85
Garden Bank
Lower Flats .
Upper Flats .
Obstructions
Wrecks . . .
4,953-89
8,167.41
1,687.73
3,i34-o5
20,531-43
38,474-5i
98,114.20
Aggregate during contract 136,588,7 J
Mr. A. S. Cooper, Assistant Engineer, has rendered valuable
service during the entire year.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
O. M. CARTER,
First Lieut. Corps of Engineers.
COL. Q. A. GILLMORE,
Corps of Engineers, U. S. A.
STATEMENT.
SAVANNAH BOARD OF TRADE, )
SAVANNAH, GA., January 18, 1887. }
Lieut. O. M. Carter, Engineer Corps, U. S. Army:
DEAR SIR.We, the undersigned, having been appointed a
committee to represent before Congress the needs of Savannah
to a larger appropriation for her harbor, respectfully request
from you such statistical and other information in regard to the
work under your immediate control as will enable us to dis
charge our duty most effectively.
Very respectfully,
HENRY R. JACKSON, RUFUS E. LESTER,
A. R. LAWTON, Mayor of Savannah.
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 119
E. P. ALEXANDER, JOHN FLANNERY,
Pres. C. R. R. Pres. Cotton Exchange.
JOHN SCREVEN,
W. W. GORDON, FRED. M. HULL,
H. B. PLANT, Pres. Board of Trade.
Pres. S, F. & W. Ry. Co.
UNITED STATES ENGINEER OFFICE,
SAVANNAH, GA., January 19, 1887.
Gen. Henry R. fackson, Chairmati, etc., Sava?inah, Ga:
DEAR SIR.Replying to your inquiry, I have to inform you
that the various reports of General Gillmore, contained in the
annual reports of the Chief of Engineers, U. S. A., for the years
1873 t0 1886, inclusive, will give you detailed information con
cerning the works of harbor improvement that have been exe
cuted at this port.
The project under which work has up to the present time
been done aims at securing a channel depth from the city to the
sea of 22 feet at mean high water. The cost of this improve
ment was estimated at $1,212,000.00, The appropriations up to
date aggregate the sum of $1,032,000.00, leaving the sum of
$180,000.00 yet needed to complete the scheme of improvement.
The commerce ot the port having increased very rapidly with
the improvement of the harbor, and a depth of 22 feet being
now considered entirely inadequate to the commercial needs of
the city, the River and Harbor Bill, approved August 5th, 1886,
authorized the Secretary of War to cause a survey of the
Savannah river from cross-tides above Savannah to the bar, to
gether with plans of improvement to be made, with a view to
obtaining 28 feet of water in the channel.
These surveys and plans have not yet been made, and the
sum of $180,000.00, submitted by the Chief of Engineers as the
amount that can be profitably expended in the fiscal year end
ing June 30, 1888, is simply the estimated amount required for
the completion of the present project. When work was sus-
120 MAYORS ANNUAL REPORT.
pended in 1885, vessels of from 20 to 21 feet draught were able
to go from the city to the sea on a single tide. From October,
1885, to November 1886, no work was done on account of lack
of funds, and some shoaling took place at points where the works
of improvement were in an unfinished state, which could have
been controlled for a much less sum than will be required for its
removal.
The desirability of securing the depth of water aimed at in the
present scheme of improvement being granted, considerations of
economy demand that the amount yet needed should be at once
available, in order that the completion of the work be not de
layed and its cost not increased.
Very respectfully,
Your obedient servant,
O. M. CARTER,
ist Lieut. Corps of Engineers, U. S. A.
LIEUT. O. M. CARTER'S REPORT TO COL. Q. A. GILLMORE,
CORPS ENGINEERS, U. 3. A.
UNITED STATES ENGINEER OFFICE,
SAVANNAH, GA., January 10, 1887.
Colonel:
In compliance with your instructions I have the honor to
transmit herewith statistics relating to the commerce and navi
gation of the port of Savannah from 1873, the year in which
the improvement of the harbor was resumed by the General
Government up to the present time.
These tables with which the letters referring thereto are ap
pended *show a steady growth of both the foreign and domestic
trade of Savannah. It is now the largest port of the South
All of the letters and all of the tables of statistics except three have been
mitted.
MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT. 121
Atlantic coast, the second cotton port of America, and the first
naval stores port of the world. The exports of cotton have
risen from less than five hundred thousand bales in 1872 to over
eight hundred thousand bales in 1886, and are still increasing.
The net receipts of the port for the year 1885-86 were greater by
over seventy-five thousand bales than those of the previous year,
and the receipts for the year 1886-87 up to the present time
are already about sixty thousand bales greater than those for the
corresponding period of last year.
The increase in value of the annual exports of naval stores is
still more remarkable. Starting with a value of less than fifty
thousand dollars in 1873, it reached a total of over three and a
quarter millions in 1886, with prospects for a still greater in
crease in the future. The receipts of spirits of turpentine for
the year 1886-87, U
P
to the present time, are thirty-five thousand
casks greater than those for the corresponding period of last
year, and the rosin receipts for this period are over one hun
dred thousand barrels greater. The value of the exports of
timber and lumber within the past fifteen years has risen from
about half a million dollars to over a million ; that of fruits and
vegetables from less than half a million dollars to nearly two
millions ; while that of pig iron has risen from about twentyfive thousand dollars to nearly two hundred thousand.
While the volumes of exports have thus increased and the
tonnage entered at the custom house grown from 1,074,367 tons
in 1873 to I
,3
28
,342 tons in 1885, the number of vessels en
tered and cleared during this period has decreased by one hun
dred and forty-five, from the fact that the increased depth of
water in the river allows vessels of much greater carrying capac
ity to visit the port than in former years. In 1873, when the
works of improvement were begun, the usual high water draught
was about fourteen and a half feet. At the close of active opera
tion in 1885 vessels of from twenty to twenty-one feet draught
were able to go from the city to the sea on a single tide, and
foreign and coastwise steamers of great carrying capacity have
largely replaced the small sail vessels which fifteen years ago
carried the great bulk of Savannah's commerce.
The increased facilities for navigation have resulted in greatly
reducing rates of marine freight and insurance, and this has had
122 MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
a direct effect upon the reduction of freights over the competiting land routes. So many causes, however, have been in opera
tion during the last fifteen years to secure reductions in these
directions that it is perhaps impossible to ascertain what portion
is due to the improvement of the harbor. Mr. Comer, the late
President of the Savannah Cotton Exchange, estimates it at 25
per cent., and this is perhaps below rather than above the actual
decrease, inasmuch as without the improvements already near
completion it would be impossible for a majority of the foreign
and coastwise steameis now plying to this port to enter the har
bor at all.
As to the advantages, prospective and realized through the
completion of the proposed improvements, it may be stated that
those already made have justified the extension of lines of rail
way into the interior, opening up to those places markets for their
products which before did not exist.
The Savannah, Florida & Western Railway system, embracing
over seven hundred and fifty miles of railway in Florida and
Georgia, with nearly one thousand miles of steamboat and steam
ship lines tributary thereto, depends largely for the shipment of
its freight upon the facilities afforded by the port of Savannah.
Through the Central Railroad system of Georgia, with over
twenty two hundred miles of railway in the States of Georgia,
Alabama and South Carolina, the richest timber, cotton, coal and
iron districts of those States find an outlet at Savannah to the
sea. With the extensions now being constructed the States of
Mississippi, Tennessee and Kentucky, as well as the great grainproducing sections of the West, will be brought nearer to the
Atlantic coast at Savannah than at any other point, and over
railways of easy grades, free from obstruction by snow and ice.
With increased shipments of heavy freights, such as grain, iron
and coal, deeper water at Savannah will be imperatively required.
The improvements heretofore executed and the expectations of
further improvements yet to be made have been the inducements
to develop the railway systems before mentioned. The sections
of country made tributary to Savannah by these railways are
among the richest in the United States, and to enable the port to
furnish an outlet to the growing commerce brought to it from the
interior, deep water is more than ever needed. The probable
MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT. 123
cost of maintaining the improvement after completion will be from
ten to fifteen thousand dollars a year.
Very respectfully,
Your obedient servant,
[Signed] O. M. CARTER,
1st Lieut. Corps of Engineers, U. S. A.
COL. Q. A. GILLMORE,
Corps of Engineers, U. S. A.
124 MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
EXPORTS OF UPLAND AND SEA ISLAND
COTTON
FROM THE PORT OF SAVANNAH, GA., AND VALUES PER BALE.
YEAR Exp. Foreign. Exp. Co
Bales
Upla'd.
astwi'e.
Bales
Sea I'd
Upland
value
in
Dollars
bale.
Sea Isl'd.
Value in
Dollars
per bale..
Total
Exports.
Bales
Upland&
Sea Isl'd.
TOTAL
ENDING
AUG. 31.
Bales
Upla'd.
Bales
Sea I'd
VALUE.
1872 . ... 291443
373,730
426,099
420.881
368,844
290,821
348,302
460,110
423,296
502,234
536,488
418,385
358,150
389,290
400,437
1,355
2165
3,472
2,354
1,374
1,138
2,937
1,786
796
5,561
2,137
613
1,649
1,568
1,483
158,553
241,978
222,073
190,041
165.898
192,352
258,054
233,012
303,779
1 374,832
| 394,833
394,658
296,345
317,874
383,316
4,084
6,774
4,489
5,557
5,493
4,733
8,459
6,500
10.730
9,640
15 404
11,442
7,606
17,515
21,3071
$74 00
97 00
72 50
70 50
60 00
52 00
51 25
46 00
5100
53 00
53 25
50 00
49 00
48 50
47 00
$137 00
178 00
98 25
118 25
106 75
96 50
80 50
77 50
100 00
101 00
88 50
93 00
124 00
99 25
86 50
458,435:
624,647
656,133
618 833
541,609
489 044
617 752
701,408!
73S,601j
892,2137!
748,862,
825,098!
663,750
726,247
806,543
$34,266,847 00
1873 61,314,818 00
1874 47,774,638 00
1875 44,005,476 00
1876 32,817,572 00
1877 25 691,547 00
1878 31,993,123 00
1879 32,525,777 00
1880 38.233,425 00
1881
1882
1883
48,019,799 00
40,495,221 00
41,773,265 00
1884 33,221,875 00
1885 36,191.441 00
[Signed] E. F. BRYAN,
Supt. Savannah Cotton Exchange.
SAVANNAH, GA., November 8, 1886.
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126 MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT.
TABLE
SHOWING THE VALUE OF THE COMMERCE (EXPORTS AND IMPORTS) OF
THE PORTS OF CHARLESTON, SAVANNAH AND NORFOLK, FOR SIX
TEEN YEARS, FROM 1870 TO 1885 (FISCAL YEARS).
YEARS.
CHARLESTON. SAVANNAH. NORFOLK.
Exports. Imports. Exports. Imports. Exports. Imports.
1870 $ 10,772,171
12,387,524
10,933,430
14,200,041
17,900,146
19,6.55,966
18,088,152
19 945,536
17,727,783
19,607,897
19,590.627
26,498,825
19,475,433
22,573,167
16,231,892
18,882,566
$ 505,699
621.559
740,971
746,139
803,575
680,343
455,562
148,693
134,564
131,185
202790
440,240
577,148
498,891
462,909
446,901
$ 29,749,058
32 857,902
28,246,607
32,675,500
30,213,471
29,666,666
22,681,753
16,199,441
18,544,963
21,527,235
23,992 364
27,575,161
19,745,658
22,813,347
19,947,349
20,871,446
$ 1,001,917
1,090,757
627,410
820,258
741,333
755,901
490,771
521.342
494,882
428,519
483,802
876,092
847,694
483,281
652,364
652,625
$ 1,307,440
678,048
888,037
1,235,068
1.831,036
5,243,986
7,053,841
6,716,338
8,693,680
9,830,352
14,065.455
17,8611770
17,730,532
18.445,548
12.353,256
14,797,181
$ 14,451
1871 94,091
1872 290,128
1873 146,367
1874 80,381
1875 18,929
1870 21,415
1877 8,973
1878 35,011
1879 33,814
1880 47,057
1881 113,688
1882 369,096
1883 186,355
1884 223,626
1885 130,214
$284,471,156 $ 7,597,169 $397,307,921 $ 10,968,948 $138,731,568 $ ' 1,813,596
7,597,169 10,968,948 1,813,596
$140,548,164
TABLE showing the Appropriations already made from 1870
to 1885 for the Ports of Charleston, Savannah and Norfolk.
Charleston $1,395,200 75
Savannah 982,000 00
Norfolk 435,ooo 00
The estimates called for are intended to give a depth at high
water at
Charleston of 28 feet.
Savannah of 22 feet.
Norfolk of 28 feet.
NOTE.This page was prepared by the Committee, and does not belong to the
preceding report.
VALUE IN DOLLARS OF EXPORTS AND IMPORTS.
Domestic and Foreign, at Port of Savannah, Ga., through the medium of ocean transportation^ from 1872 to 1886. Compiled by E. F. Bryan, Superintendent
Savannah Cotton Exchange, from the records of the Savannah Cotton Exchange, Savannah Board of Trade, and reports of the Agents of the several
steamship lines plying between this and Northern and Eastern ports. i
EXPORTS FOR YEAR ENDING AUG. 31.
Cotton
Naval Stores
Lumber and Timber ...
Rice
Pig Iron
Hides and Wool
Fruits and Vegetables.
Yarns and Domestics...
Miscellaneous
1886.
Total Exports 51,028,190
38,807,726
3,296,503
1,015,580
210,367
193,835
212,304
1.834,713
3,334,950
2,127,212
1885.
36,191.441
2,944,326
924,535
344,232
186,504
228,606
1,767,852
3,500,620
2,225,100
48,313,216
1884.
33,221,875
3,278,296
924,454
855,937
175,612
215,314
1,790,210
3,757,311
2,206,504
46,425,513
188!.
41,7F3,265
2,851,106
9*9,031
5S2,624
1'3,560
254.296
1.5:2,302
3,8(0,450
1,9(9,300
1882. 1881.
40,495,221
2,065,848
1,047,524
914,905
145,900
241,660
1,460,205
3,625,460
2,007,525
48,019,799
2,072,291
835176
879;480
158,760
2-25,390
1,200,150
3,729,605
1,865,250
1880.
53,915,9341 52,004,248 58,985,901
38,233,425
1,294,833
853 081
877,248
133,312
240,700
1,140,625
3,312.412
1,750,775
47,836,411
1879.
32,5215,777
958,682
669,064
685.728
125,200
2,915
89J,220
2,998,510
1,787,325
40,901,421
1878.
31,993.123
77-i;207
772,057
581,436
106,210
228,656
847,512
2,912,367
1,813,420
39,978,988
1877.
25,691,547
577,988
671,863
465,990
95,300
206,550
628,005
2,166,400
1,600,210
32,103,853
1876.
32,817,572
208,176
661.562
650;337
65,250
219,400
512,940
2,349,672
1,400,555
38,885,464
1875.
44,005,476
110,964
660,582
646,360
66,310
197,320
468,500
2,606,450
1,520,320
50,282,282
1874.
47,774,638
59.029
667:189
531,796
51,500
190,206
451,680
2,897,315
1,638,200
1873. 1872.
61,314,818
45,144
562,740
208,250
40,615
175,550
410,790
3,148,167
1,920,325
$ 34,266,847
""548,895
187,649
25,500
170,410
492,015
2,405,960
1,412,440
54,261,553 67,826,399 39,509,7'i6
IMPORTS.
Fertilizers 2,238.654
224,340
318,250
126,000
512,000
47,699,280
2,709.511
196,870
350 419
125,000
500,000
45,999,280
1,626.601
201,200
346,550
125 000
500,000
46,312 965
2,210,455
210.015
333,476
125,000
500,000
44,260,850
2,370,985
219,650
360,525
125,000
500,000
42,375,945
2,870,545
200,440
385,415
100,000
400,000
44,760,500
3,838,058
198,360
395,212
100.000
400,000
40,590,850
2,784,667
209,840
3fe555
100,000
400,000
39,209,410
3,116,788
187,350
382,012
100,000
400,000
38,702,315
2,715,728
190,525
400,880
100,000
400,10)
32,500,775
2,091,902
175,450
393.765
80,000
300,000
34 650,850
1,338,509
182,300
406,550
80,000
275.000
38,790,400
1,545,860
170,325
408.975
80,000
275,000
35,890,525
1,624,427
175,255
396,210
80,000
250,000
35.609 490
1,692,601
160,105
39)i400
80,000
250,000
30,275,950
Coal
Hay and Grain
Salts
Coffee
Miscellaneous
Total Imports 51,118,524 49,881,080 49,112,316 47,699,796 45,952,105 48,716,900 45,522,480 43,064,472 42,948,465 36,307,908 37,691,967 41,072,759 32,849,056
.. 1
The above statement does not include receipts and shipments by rail, nor does it include the value of domestic traffic, local manufactures, banking, etc.,
but is confined strictly to value of exports and imports which have a direct bearing upon our i water-ways transportation. While values have decreased dur
ing the past fifteen years about one-third, the values in 1886, compared with 1872 in volume, is nearly 50 per cent, greater. This is due to the large increase
in tonnage. The item of Miscellaneous in imports embraces bagging, iron ties, tobacco, boots and shoes, bacon, dry goods, hats, clothing, drugs, furniture,
hardware, crockery, sugar, flour, cigars, canned goods, and manufactured articles generally.

fnporty ofMayor'a OffUo,
SotHmnah, Q+.
MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT. 127
COASTWISE EXPORTS, CITY OF SAVANNAH, i{
COMPILED BY FRANK E. REBARER, CLERK OF COUNCIL.
ARTICLES . QUANTITY. VALUE.
Axe handles crates
Ballusters bundles
Barrels and kegs (empty)
Bones tons
Car wheels (old)
Cedar logs superficial feet
Clay cask*
Cotton (sea island) bales
Cotton (upland) bales
Cotton seed tons
Cotton seed meal tons
Cottonseed oil barrels
Deer skins bundles
Domestics and yarns bales
Eggs packages
Fish casks and barrels
Fruit (miscellaneous) packages
Grits barrels
Hides bundles
Honey barrels
Iron (old scrap) tons
Iron (pig) tons
Leather bundles
Lumber superficial feet
Manganese barrels
Melons
Merchandise (miscellaneous) ' packages
Moss Dales
Oranges barrels
Oranges boxes
Oysters barrels
Paint barrels
Paper stock bales
Kice barrels
Rice (rough) sacks
Eice flour sacks
Kosin barrels
hpints turpentine barrels
Schrimp packages
Sheepskins bundles
Shingles
Strawberries refrigerators
Syrup barrels
Tallow barrels
Terrapins barrels
Timber superficial feet
Turtles
Twine '.'.'.barrels
Vegetables barrels
Vegetables hoxes
Warps bales
Waste bales
Wax barrels
Wool bales
375
646
45,566
4,318
3.161
52,000
1.686
17,342
348,213
816
7,844
16,453
110
36,243
311
2,880
25,058
1(18
14,394
23
4,1H3
51,733
1,109
56,159,778
276
1,076.260
68,221
345
2,036
308,869
2,890
224
7,446
23,427
1,108
663
266,439
57,035
143
70
599,000
963
162
108
960
362,480
1,195
852
54,439
372.152
z50
103
50
5,802
750 00
3,230 00
56,957 5'i
64 770 00
23,707 50
3,640 000 00
33.720 00
1,272.073 70
14,624 946 00
11,424 00
164,724 00
493,590 00
3.300 00
1,630 935 00
1,866 00
43,200 OO
37,587 00
270 00
1,871,022 14
517 50
46,123 00
1,034.660 00
27,625 00
8,423,966 70
3,864 00
161,439 00
3,411,050 00
2,415 00
8.144 00
717,738 00
11,560 00
10,180 00
111,690 00
234 270 00
1,772 80
265 20
799,317 00
884,042 50
429 00
4,200 00
59,900 00
1,155,600 00
558 00
21.600 00
9,600 00
39 927 80
10,485 00
456 00
219,448 00
1,117,356 00
6,000 00
2,030 00
30,000 00
3,191 10
Total. 60,476,328 $43,119,493 44
127 MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT.
FOREIGN EXPORTS FROM SAVANNAH, 1886.
ARTICLES. Quantity. Value.
Cotton Sea Islands 1,041 bales . . lbs. 612.246 f 118,010
Cotton Uplands, 44 2,975 bales . . lbs 211,260,077! 19.382,494
Phosphate Rock . tons 855 5,540
Rosin (280 lbs to barrel) bbls 441,557
3,498,24#
693,635
Spirits Turpentine Sals 1.146,511
Cotton Seed . . . lbs 1,341,018; 11,920
Lumber . . . M .feet 13,887 187,510
Sawed Timber . . . . M. feet 3,752 51,633
Hewed Timber . . . M feet 88,340 12,788
All other 4,741
IMPORTS, PORT OF SAVANNAH, 1886 .
ARTICLES: Quantity. Value.
Fertilizers tons
.lbs
.lbs
M
25,940
1,211,714
14,550,153
255
29,321
$ 228,569
Coffee 80,359
Salt 15,268
6,115
Molasses
Wnrk<; of Art
.gals 4,643
4,343
Coal tons
gals
1,710
2,619
3,504
3,353
2,323
Carpets ...... sqr yds. 2,088 1,884
5,072
MAYOR'S ANNUAL REPORT. 129
VESSELS ENTERED AND CLEARED AT CUSTOM
HOUSE, 1886.
VESSELS. No. Tonnage. Men.
American Vessels, Entered
American Vessels, Cleared
Foreign Vessels, Entered
Foreign Vessels, Cleared
10
3
268
262
5,952
939
177,229
194,793
,185
24
3,719
3,970
Total Entered and Cleared Foreign . . . 543 378,913 7,898
Entered Coastwise 393
378
503,073
473,135
14,534
Cleared Coastwise 13,912
771 976,208 28,446
Total Foreign .... 543
771
378,913
976.208
7,898
Total Coastwise 28,446 . .
130 MAYORS ANNUAL REPORT.
MAYOR AND ALDERMEN, FOR 1887-88.
MAYOR,
RUFUS E. LESTER.
CHAIRMAN OF COUNCIL,
JOHN SCHWARZ.
VICE-CHAIRMAN OF COUNCIL,
JOHN J. McDONOUGH.
ALDERMEN,
ROBERT D. BOGART. JOHN J. McDONOUGH.
WILLIAM DUNCAN, M. D. GEORGE N. NICHOLS.
GEORGE S. HAINES. WILLIAM F. REID.
WILLIAM B. MELL. JOHN SCHWARZ.
GEORGE J. MILLS. DANIEL R. THOMAS.
HERMAN MYERS. DAVID WELLS.
MAYOR S ANNUAL REPORT. 131
STANDING COMMITTEES OF COUNCIL, 1887.
AccountsMills, Haines, Bogart.
AssessmentsMyers, Wells, Reid, McDonough, Mills.
City LotsHaines, Schwarz, Wells.
DrainageMell, Wells, Duncan.
FinanceBogart, Thomas, Myers, Mills, Haines.
Fire-Schwarz, Haines, Reid.
Harbor and WharvesMcDonough, Bogart, Mills.
Health and CemeteryDuncan, Reid, Schwarz.
MarketReid, Duncan, Mell.
PoliceNichols, Myers, Mell.
Streets and LanesThomas, Wells, Nichols, McDonough,
Schwarz.
WaterWells, Myers, Nichols.
BOARD OF SANITARY COMMISSIONERS,
Aldermen Duncan and Bogart. Citizens J. R. Saussy, J. F.
Wheaton and G. L. Cope.
COMMISSIONERS OF EDUCATION,
John R. F. Tattnall, from Citizens at Large. R. D.Walker, from
Commissioners Chatham County.
132 MAYORS ANNUAL REPORT.
CITY OFFICERS.
Clerk of CouncilFrank E. Rebarer.
City TreasurerCharles S. Hardee.
City MarshalRobert J. Wade.
City SurveyorJohn B. Howard.
Chief of PoliceRobert H. Anderson.
Assistant Chief of PoliceJohn Green.
Sergeants]. B. Killourhy, S. C. Lee, Henry Lingg, O. F. Reilly.
Messenger of CouncilJohn Harrison.
Corporation AttorneyHenry C. Cunningham.
Judge of the City CourtWilliam D. Harden.
Clerk of the City CourtPhilip M. Russell.
City SheriffLionel L. Goodwin.
Clerk of the MarketThomas A. Maddox.
Harbor MasterRobert C. Kennedy.
Health Officer]. T. McFarland, M. D.
Keeper of City DispensaryLewis Cass.
Keeper of the Laurel Grove CemeteryA. F. Torlay.
Keeper of Forsyth PlaceTheodore Meves.
Keeper of Pest HouseThomas Corr.
City Physicians-M. L. Boyd, W. W. Owens.
Chief FiremanAdolph Fernandez.
Assistant Chief FiremanGeorge. Monro.
Superintendent atid Engineer Water WorksAlvin N. Miller.
Scavenger ContractorWilliam Swoll.
City Printer"Savannah Morning News."
Port WardensWm. B. Adams, Lewis Wiggins, William R. Britchard,
S. J. M. Baker, John Powers.
Chimney ContractorsEastern Division, Daniel Sullivan. Western
Division, Albert Freeman.