A STANDARD HISTORY
OF
Georgia and Georgians
By LUCIAN LAMAR KNIGHT
ILLUSTRATED
VOLUME IV
THE LEWIS PUBLISHING COMPANY
CHICAGO : : NEW YORK 1917

l/n
,.. u
.COPYRIGHT 1917 BY
THE LEWIS PUBLISHING Co.
("V

Georgia and Georgians
WILLIAM H. FISH. Georgia may well felicitate herself upon the high standard ever maintained by the bench and bar of the state and is signally favored in claiming at the present time as chief justice of the Supreme Court the commonwealth the eminent lawyer and jurist whose name initiates this paragraph, and who by his character and services has signally honored his native state. The following brief review of his ancestral history and personal career can not fail of enduring value as a concrete addition and integral part of the annals of Georgia.
William Hansell Fish, eighth chief justice of the Georgia Supreme Court, was born in the City of Macon, judicial center of Bibb County, this state, and the date of his nativity was May 12,1849. He is a son of Hon. George W. and Martha E. (Hansell) Fish, both likewise natives' of Georgia and repre sentatives of honored and influential pioneer families of this commonwealth. The original American progenitors of the Fish family immigrated from Wales and became early colonial settlers in Virginia, whence representatives of a later generation removed to North Carolina-. Joseph Fish was born in North Carolina and became one of the pioneer settlers of Washington County, Georgia, His son William wedded Sarah Harvard, of Laurens County, and they removed to Baldwin County, where they maintained their home many years, George W. Fish, father of the present chief justice, having been their eldest son. After his marriage to Miss Martha E. Hansell George W. Fish removed to Bibb County, where he became a citizen of prominence and influ ence, as shown by the fact that while he was still a, comparatively young man he was elected to represent the county in the State Legislature. In 1854 he removed with his family to Oglethorpe, Macon County, where he passed the remainder of his life and where he long held precedence as one of the leading lawyers of that section of the state. At the time of his death he was presid ing on the bench of the District Court of the Thirteenth Senatorial District.
Mrs. Martha E. (Hansell) Fish, who survived her husband by several years, was a daughter of Maj. William Y. and Susan (Harris) Hansell, and thus was a representative of two of the most distinguished families of Georgia. Her father was for many years engaged in the practice of law in Cobb County, was recognized as one of the most able and influential members of the bar of Northern Georgia, and was the general counsel for the Cherokee Indian Nation in its controversies in regard to territorial rights in Georgia. Augus tine Harris Hansell, who was for nearly half a century a judge of the superior courts of Georgia, and Gen.^ Andrew J. Hansell, a distinguished lawyer and legislator, were sons of Maj. William Y. Hansell. The American ancestry of the Harris family traces to Rev. Henry Harris, a Baptist clergyman who immigrated from Glamorgan, Wales, in 1691, and became a resident of Vir'ginia, where he obtained from the English crown a grant of land ten miles square, on the south bank of the James River and a few miles below the pres ent City of Richmond. Walton Harris, great-grandson of Rev. Henry Har ris and grandfather of Mrs. Martha E. (Hansell) Fish, became an early set-
1841

1842

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

tier in Greene County, Georgia, was a soldier in the War of the Revolution, in connection with which he was captured and made a prisoner of war at the siege of Augusta, Georgia, This state granted to him a land bounty in rec ognition of his services in the Revolution. The maternal grandmother of Chief Justice Fish was a daughter of Augustine and Anne (Byne) Harris, the latter of whom was a daughter of Edmund Byne. Edmund Byne came from King & Queen County, Virginia, and settled in Burke County, Georgia, about the year 1784. Anne Byne was likewise a representative of the dis tinguished Lewis family of Virginia, in the distaff line. Iverson L. Harris, who was at one time an associate justice of the Supreme Court of Georgia, was a brother of Mrs. Susan (Harris) Hansell.
The present chief justice of the Supreme Court of Georgia acquired his preliminary educational discipline in the schools of Oglethorpe, this state, and he was eleven years of age at the inception of the Civil Avar, the closing period of which found him still too youthful to be eligible for military serv ice. He well recalls the privations and widespread distress that prevailed in Georgia during the latter part of the war and during the last two years of the great fratricidal conflict he devoted himself to aiding as far as possible in the work on his father's plantation near Oglethorpe. In 1866 he was matriculated in the University of Georgia, and in this institution he was grad uated as a member of the class of 1869 and with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. In the university he was a classmate of a number of others who at tained to distinction in connection with public, professional and general civic affairs in Georgia, In preparation for his chosen profession Judge Fish en tered the law department of the fine old University of Virginia, the law school having then been under the direction of that distinguished southern teacher of law, the late John B. Minor. The death .of his father compelled .Judge Fish to discontinue his course in the law school prior to graduation, but he continued the study of law after his return home and in 1871 was admitted to the bar of Macon County, at Oglethorpe, the judicial center of the county. At Oglethorpe he continued to be engaged in the general prac tice of his profession until 1877, when he was appointed judge of the County Court of Macon County, and by successive reappointments he continued to serve on the bench of this tribunal for nearly fifteen years, until 1891. As the law authorized a county judge to practice before courts other than that over which he had jurisdiction, the private practice of Judge Fish increased to large proportions during his service on the bench and he became known *as one of the representative lawyers and jurists of the southwestern part of the state. In 1891 the Georgia Legislature unanimously elected Judge Fish to fill a vacancy on the bench of the southwestern circuit, the bar of the circuit having supported him and shown full appreciation of his admirable equip ment for this higher judicial position.
In October, 1896, was adopted an amendment to the state constitution and by the provisions of this amendment three associate justices were added to the personnel of the Supreme Court of Georgia, provision being made also for the choosing of these additional justices by a special popular election to be held in December of that year. A democratic convention assembled in Atlanta in November to nominate the three candidates for these places. Apropos of the work and results of the convention the following pertinent record is consistently reproduced at this juncture:
"This assemblage might properly be designated a lawyers' convention. The delegates were either lawyers or men who were willing to accept the judg ment of lawyers as to the qualification of the candidates for the high judicial office. No convention has assembled in Georgia in recent years where the pres ence of the lawyer and the influence of the lawyer more thoroughly prevailed than in this judicial convention of 1896, and it was this convention that called Judge Fish to the supreme bench. The wisdom of those who brought about

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1843

this translation from the circuit to the supreme bench has been amply jus tified by the career of Judge Fish upon the ultimate tribunal of jurisprudence

in the State of Georgia,"

_

Upon the death of Presiding Justice Lumpkm of the second division or

the Supreme Court, in 1903, Judge Fish was appointed to fill the vacancy,

and in 1905 upon the death of Chief Justice Simmons, he was appointed,

by Governor' Terrell, chief justice of the Supreme Court, to which position he

was subsequently elected by popular vote and without opposition to fill the

unexpired term. Judge Fish has been unwavering in his allegiance to the democratic party

and has given effective service in behalf of its cause, though he has manifested

no desire for public office aside from the direct line of his profession. From

1893 to 1905 he served as a valued member of the board of trustees of the

University of Georgia, and from 1894 to the present time he has been a trus

tee of the Wesleyan Female College, at Macon. Both he and his wife hold

membership in the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, and he has served

zealously in the office of steward, besides being active in the various depart

ments of church work. From an admirable review of the career of Chief Justice Fish, prepared by

Andrew J. Cobb, are taken the following quotations:

"His work as a member of the supreme court of Georgia begins in the

100th volume of the Georgia Reports, with the case of Conley versus Buck,

and in this first opinion filed by him is shown that thoroughness and accuracy

which has characterized all of his judicial work. During the period of his

service on the supreme bench he has written more than 2,000 opinions. These

opinions deal with many of the varied and intricate questions which are

bound to arise in the litigation of a state with the wealth, industrial enter

prises and population of Georgia. As illustrations of the learning and

research of Chief Justice Fish attention may be called to the cases of the

Brush Electric Company versus Wells (110 Georgia, 192), involving the fel

low servant doctrine; Smnpter versus Carter (115 Georgia, 893), dealing

with the questions of real-estate law; Rylander versus Alien (125 Georgia,

206), involving the right to transfer a policy of life insurance to one having

no insurable interest in the life of the transferrer; Prince versus Barrow

(120 Georgia, 810), discussing the powers of a court of equity- whe're an

executor is vested with a discretion as to the amount to be received by a benefi

ciary under the will; Brigham versus Overstreet (128 Georgia, 447), involv

ing the law of farm fixtures; and Morrel versus Hoge (130 Georgia, 625),

on the law of voting trusts. The position of Judge Fish in the history of

the supreme court is fixed, and he takes rank with those occupants of that

bench who have aided in maintaining the- high standard which the court achieved under its first judges. No more capable, faithful and conscientious

official has ever been called into the public service."

On the llth of January, 1876, was solemnized the marriage of Judge Fish

to Miss Mary P. Hines, of Saiidersville, Washington County, she being a

daughter of Joseph H. and Susan E. (Harrison) Hines, formerly of Burke

County, this state, and a sister of Judge James K. Hines, who was at one time

on the bench of the Middle Circuit of Georgia and who later served as special

counsel of the Railroad Commission of Georgia. The only child of Judge and

Mrs. Fish is a daughter, Nina, who is the wife of Henry S. McCleskey, of Little Rock, Arkansas.

EON. JOHN SLAUGHTER CANDLER. The long and distinguished services rendered the State of Georgia by Hon. John Slaughter Candler, ex-solicitorgeneral, ex-judge of the Superior courts and ex-associate justice of the Supreme Court, haye> eminently entitled him to a place among the most helpful and forceful citizens of the commonwealth. Few men have been more greatly

1844

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

honored by their state, and few have been more justly deserving of the honors given them, or have vindicated in greater degree the faith and confidence reposed in their integrity and abilities. He is a representative of a family the history of which has been largely the history of the political, profes sional, religious and commercial life of the state, and the members of which, in, the various walks of life, have arisen to distinguished and influential
positions. The Candler family was founded in America by Daniel Candler, a native
of Ireland, who emigrated to Virginia in the eighteenth century. His son, William Candler, married Elizabeth Anthony,, a daughter of Marc Anthony, the latter of whom had come to this country from Genoa, Italy, and settled in Virginia. From this couple descended the various Candlers of Georgia. More than one of the "ancestors of Justice Candler took an important par ticipation in the War of the Revolution. His paternal great-grandfather, William Candler, was a colonel in the patriot army; Samuel Slaughter, his father's maternal grandfather, was a captain in the same forces, while Fred erick Bealle, his material great-grandfather, was an officer of Maryland
troops in the winning of American independence. John Slaughter Candler was born October 22, 1861, near Villa Rica,
Carroll County, Georgia, and is a son of Samuel Charles and Martha (Bealle) Candler. His father was a merchant and farmer, and is remembered as a man of distinct and marked characteristics, predominant among which were love of truth, honesty and courage, both moral and physical. He was also a man of prominence and influence in his day, and at different times served as senator and representative in the General Assembly of Georgia, as presi dential and vice presidential elector and as colonel of the State Militia.
Justice Candler passed his boyhood on the home farm and was brought up under excellent training, early learning the value of money and the labor required in its acquirement, for his father, while not overexacting, was not indulgent and the only money which he was allowed was that which came as a direct result of his own exertions. In speaking of his boyhood and his early training, Justice Candler has said: "I owe whatever I may be to the fact that Lwas required to do regular work at regular hours and made to know that manual labor is honor and strength. As a boy I never had a cent of money that I did not earn. My father did not believe in giving money to boys. On the other hand, he believed that, every dollar earned was a valuable lesson. He gave us opportunities to earn money and insisted upon a full compliance with our part of every contract before we should receive its fruits. Again, he instilled into our minds the importance of abso lute obedience to law and respect for authority. In school, if I was punished, whether I thought justly or not, my father always sustained the teacher, and very, early in life I found I had nothing to gain by appeals to him against the exercise of authority on the part of either my teacher or mother. I never heard a complaint on the part of either my father or mother against the other. My father taught us that our mother was: the best woman in the world and was always right, and my mother followed the same course as to my father.' To these lessons and to consistent religious training at home and the perfect example set for me by my parents, I owe whatever I may be."
The public schools of Carroll and Bartow counties furnished Justice Candler with his early education, and he afterwards attended the Boys' High School, in Atlanta, and was graduated therefrom in 1877. Following this, he entered Emory College, at Oxford, Georgia, where he pursued the regular literary course and received the degree of Bachelor of Arts, in June, 1880, and while at college united with the Kappa Alpha Order, a Greek letter college fraternity of southern origin, founded upon distinctive southern prin ciples and sentiment. His attachment to this order was very strong, as was evidenced after leaving college, when, although laboring under heavy duties

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1845

and responsibilities, he served it for four years in the capacity of knight commander, the highest executive office, with jurisdiction over the entire southern states. After his graduation from Emory College, Justice Candler was for eighteen months engaged in teaching in the schools of DeKalb County and then gave up the vocation of educator to enter upon the study of his chosen profession, the law, in the office of Candler & Thomson, a strong legal combination of Atlanta, the senior member of which was his elder brother. He was admitted to the bar in March, 1882; at Decatur, Georgia, in DeKalb County, the Superior Court being presided over at that time by Judge George Hillyer, and entered practice at once, soon building up a very satis factory business of the most desirable kind that can come to a young lawyer.
Justice Candler had been a member of the bar only five years when he was chosen as solicitor-general of the Stone Mountain Circuit, at that time presided over by the venerable jurist, Judge Richard H. Clark, who was then rounding out a long career on the bench and still retaining the keen sense of justice which marked his whole career in the' ermine. In the capacity of solicitor-general, the early training of Justice Candler began to make itself shown, for his duties were discharged with vigor and courage and the willful violator of the law found little sympathy or tenderness at his hands. When, after nine years of service as solicitor-general, he was appointed, in 1896, to succeed Judge Clark as judge of the Circuit Court, it was feared by many that he would be unable to draw a distinction between the old office and the new, but these fears were soon put to rest. In the words of another biog rapher: "Endowed by nature with an accurate conception of justice, trained to differentiate the right from the wrong, and having absorbed, no doubt, from his venerable predecessor that ability to see innocence as well as guilt, his administration as judge has brought forth from those who watched most closely, the statement that in his circuit the innocent were safe from molesta tion, and the 'guilty were certain of conviction. He stood as the true repre sentative of the law, which is a shield to the innocent and a sword to the guilty. Often called upon to preside in other circuits, he made the same impression as to the importance and the willingness- to enforce the law wher ever he presided that he had made upon the people of his own circuit. Having fine executive ability, he inaugurated reforms in the administration of his courts which have been lasting all over the state."
Justice Candler, in 1902, was elected by the people of Georgia one of the associate justices of the Supreme Court, and, having resigned his position as judge of the Stone Mountain Circuit, began the discharge of his new duties on November 1st of that year. Here his efficiency in his judicial office was but a continuation of the characteristics which had marked his former labors. He continued to serve in this office until January 15, 1906, when he resigned, having been warned that the exacting duties attendant thereto would impair his health, and once more resumed private practice, as the senior active partner in the firm of Candler, Thomson & HirsCh, the successor of the firm with which he had pursued his study of the law as a young man.
The judicial^work of Justice Candler while on the Supreme Court bench is contained in nine volumes of the Reports of the Supreme Court, from Yol. 116 to Vol. 124, inclusive. During his brief service of less than four years, he wrote more than 300 opinions, and had to deal with many important and perplexing questions. Among these opinions attention may be called to the following, which contain evidence of his high abilities and general fitness:
Sanford vs. Fidelity Company, 116 Ga. 689, involving the right of a surety company to compel payment by the principal when the creditor is inactive; Ring vs. Ring, 118 Ga. 523, in which the term "cruel treatment" as used in the divorce law is defined; Gardner vs. Georgia Railroad Company, 117 Ga. 523, laying down the rule that one exercise of the power of eminent

1846

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

domain does not exhaust the power; Wilcox vs. Kehoe, 124 Ga. 484, involv ing the doctrine of covenants running with the land; Hendrick vs. Daniel, 119 Ga. 388, construing one of the clauses of the Evidence Act of 1889; Rountree vs. Rentz, 119 Ga. 885, dealing with questions arising under the act providing for the validation of municipal bonds. His vigor of expression and terseness of statement are best exemplified in some of his dissenting opinions, as in the cases of Cawt'horn vs. State, 119 Ga. 395; Morgan vs. State, 119 Ga. 964; Crosby vs. State, 121 Ga. 198; Fatten vs. State, 117 Ga. 230; Davis vs. State, 120 Ga, 433. His sense of humor sometimes displays itself, as in his opinion in Morris vs. State, 117 Ga. 1. The last work done by Justice Candler were the opinions in the Georgia and Central Railroad Tax cases, reported in 124 Ga. 596-630.
The greater part of Justice Candler's labors have been along the line of his. profession, but other phases of good citizenship have been in no way neglected by him. He inherited, no doubt, from his father, who was a colonel in the state militia, and from three great-grandfathers, who were officers in the Revolutionary war, a predilection for military service, and his connec tion therewith has been characterized by the same fidelity and ability that have marked his labors in the duties of peaceful pursuits. He was still a young man, just out of college, when he was made aide-de-camp on the staff of Governor Stephens, and was judge advocate general on the staffs of the three succeeding governors, McDaniel, Gordon and Northen, from 1884 until 1893; colonel of the Fifth Georgia Regiment from 1893 until 1901, and colonel of the Third Georgia Regiment of Volunteers, U. S. A., during the SpanishAmerican war. He has continued to maintain his interest in fraternal organizations that he evinced during the college years, and at*this time is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias, the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and the Improved Order of Red Men.
As previously shown, Justice Candler's life has been broadly influenced by his early training. Under the teachings of his mother he early adopted the faith of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, and has continued as a devout Christian gentleman, combining within himself the fearless convic tions of a Primitive Baptist with the aggressive methods of a Wesleyan Methodist. He was a lay delegate to the North Georgia Conference in 1885, 18^9 and 1904, and to the General Conference at St. Louis, in 1890. "When he entered upon his career, he selected as his model Chief Justice Hiram WarnerJ a lifelong friend of his father, and with the shining example of this great man and eminent jurist before him constantly, studied, practiced, prosecuted and presided. Politically a democrat, in the civic affairs of Atlanta, Justice Candler has taken some active part, having served his city as alderman on a number of occasions and acting as presiding officer of the General Council for three full terms by unanimous elections. Still in the prime of life, Justice Candler. has many years of usefulness still before him, and the state of his birth, to the welfare of which he has so unselfishly contributed, will no doubt be the recipient of his capable and devoted services for a
long period to come. Justice Candler has been twice married. On January 16, 1884, he was
united with Miss Marguerite Louise Garnie, and they became the parents of two children: Asa Warren, now a member of his father's firm, and a captain in the Fifth Regiment National Guard of Georgia; and Miss Allie. Having lost his first wife, Justice Candler married Mrs. Florida George Anderson, a daughter of Rev. Jemes Hardin George, for many years a prominent clergy
man of the Protestant Episcopal Church of Georgia.

SAMUEL M. INMAN. The death of Samuel M. Inman, long known as "the first citizen of'Atlanta," on January 12, 1915, at the age of seventy-two,

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1847

recalls a life which should be an inspiration to the living. As a constructive business man and a citizen of broadest liberality and creative genius he impressed his career upon his home city to its lasting advantage, and by his sustained operations as a merchant lor almost half a century he really became on of tiie merchant princes of America. A man of great wealth and the creator of great industrial enterprises, his life emphasized the truth that enterprise and wealth are not inconsistent with the highest standards of
character and conduct. The original ancestry of the Inman family was English. It was an ancient
family name in Great Britain. The Inmans became identified with America in the Colonial period. In the Revolutionary war the patriots had no more valiant soldier than Capt. Shadrack Inman, who at the head of his troop of horse was in the forefront of almost every one of the partisan engagements fought in the desperate campaign in the South during the years 1779-1780. He was the right-hand man of such leaders as Twiggs and Clarke, and after participating in many victories he fell while gallantly leading his command in the battle of Musgrove's Mill, the most complete victory won by the patriots in any of the engagements, since with the loss of four killed.and nine wounded they inflicted upon their enemies a Ipss of sixty-three killed and
160 wounded and captured. The late Mr. Inman of Atlanta was a great-grandson of Abednego Inman,
who also served as a Revolutionary soldier. The line of descent was traced through John Inman, a son of Abednego, through Shadrack W. Inman, who in his time was one of the most highly esteemed merchants of Atlanta. Shadrack W. Inman married Jane Martin, and while their home was at Dandridge, Jefferson County, in East Tennessee, their son, Samuel Martin Inman, was born, February 19, 1843. Mr. Inman's two brothers, John H. and Hugh T. Inman, both now deceased, made a great success in a business way. An uncle, Walker P. Inman, also a successful business man, was one of
the best loved men who ever lived in Atlanta. The early education of the late Mr. Inman was acquired in the Maryville
College of Tennessee. He was sent from there to Princeton University, and was a student there when the Civil war broke out. At the age of eighteen he left college and offered his services to the Confederacy, joining Company K of the First Tennessee Cavalry, which became a part of Jolmston's Western Army, and he served part of the time as lieutenant of the company, and was also detailed on special duty with the division staff.
At the close of the war in 1865 he established himself in business for a
short time at Augusta, Georgia, but in 1867 moved to Atlanta. Here he became a partner with his father under the firm name of S. W. Inmau & Son, this being changed in 1869 to S. M. Inman & Company. For a great many years the firm of S. M. Inman & Company stood in the front rank of cotton firms of the world. An honorable trader, dealing in actual cotton, buying, selling and exporting, by his rare judgment and rigid integrity he built a name in the mercantile world second to that of no other man in the business. AVith a fortune amassed through his connection with the cotton business, he was for many years a director in the Atlanta National Bank, the Lowry National Bank, the Equitable Life Insurance Company, and the Southern Railway, and was a stockholder in the East Atlanta Land Company and in many other large enterprises. In the early days he foresaw the greatness of Atlanta and from time to time invested until he became one of the largest holders of real estate, and much of his estate is now composed of the valuable
ground and improvements of this city. He could never be brought to accept public office and chose to exercise
his influence through his business and through his position as director and trustee in many public and quasi-public institutions. To the people of Atlanta he was always known affectionately as Sam Inman, and was always ready to

1848

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

spend and to be spent in the service of Atlanta. The great Technological School is due more to his efforts than to those of any other one man since he led in the movement which resulted in its erection. He subscribed 'heavily to the school at its beginning, and secured from the city $75,000 and a pledge of $2,500'annually for its support. As a member of the board of commis sioners of the school its instant and splendid success was largely due to his wisdom and labors. The Young Men's Christian Association, the hospitals of the city, and nearly every other constructive philanthropy is a permanent record to his benevolence and business judgment.
When the business men of Atlanta undertook the Cotton State Exposition in 1895 Mr. Inman was made chairman of the finance committee. In this capacity he bore the many burdens of this great undertaking. The exposi tion commenced September 18, 1895, scheduled to continue 100 days. It was soon discovered that $100,000 would be immediately necessary or the exposi tion would be compelled to close its doors at the command of the sheriff. It was then that Mr. Inman undertook to give half of the amount needed if the other fifty directors would furnish the remainder. This was done and the exposition continued a success.
Mr. Inman's name will always be closely associated with the growth and development of that noble institution known as Agnes Scott College. His work in behalf of that institution was taken as the main theme of an editorial which appeared in the Atlanta Constitution at the time of Mr, Inman's death. A few paragraphs taken from that editorial will throw some further light upon the career of this great Atlanta citizen and his work and influence.
"An incident which at Mr. Inman's request received publicity for the first time after his death illustrates his characteristic devotion and characteristic modesty and generosity. For some years one of the projects nearest to his heart has been' Agnes Scott, he holding the position of chairman of the board of trustees. A few months ago when he felt his health failing, he made it known to the trustees that he wanted to resign and that if the trustees would relieve him he would donate $25,000 to the institution, with the understanding that the gift be duplicated. The transfer was quietly arranged, the new chair man undertaking the work of raising the additional subscription. In two weeks the duplicate subscription had been completed, adding $50,000 to the fund.
, "Previously Mr. Inman had contributed fifty thousand dollars to the Agnes Scott on condition that the amount be duplicated. The condition was met. So, first and last, this one institution has been helped by him directly and indirectly in an aggregate of one hundred fifty thousand dollars. Equally typical was his gift of the old homestead on Peters street as a Presbyterian orphanage. Oglethorpe University will also be his debtor for a large sum. The story of Mr. Inman's advance of fifty thousand dollars to save the expo sition of 1895 is well known, and yet all of these were but few of his many acts of benevolence and charity.
"Mr. Inman was a type of the Southern Christian gentleman who brought over their creed from the old regime and practiced it, not in words but deeds. Achieving much in business, generous and intelligent in philanthropy, vigilant in his civic duty, he shunned publicity. His desire simply was service, and if that desire was fulfilled he was satisfied. Forward civic movements found him in the forefront, but always without noise. Philanthropy found in him a ready friend, but an unpretentious one. Essentially cultured, he was democratic. He worked side by side with the pioneers of Atlanta building this city from a mass of debris to its present greatness. But he never asked, nor courted, praise for his service. To him it was all 'in the day's work' a matter of course, warp and woof of his nature, tasks to be met and dis
charged as a duty. "These characteristics explain how he won the title of the 'first citizen of

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1849

Atlanta.' In his achievements, no less than his unvarying gentleness and consideration, he eminently deserved it."
At the same time another writer in the Constitution recalled Mr. Inman's many years of close association and friendship with other native Tennesseans who were among the first and foremost in Atlanta's development, namely James W. English, Robert J. Lowry and William T. Newman, Reviewing the records of Atlanta's past from Reconstruction days to the present, this writer found that "in every civic movement initiated since the war; in every enterprise, state or national, where Atlanta had a part; in every opening for the city's progress, industrial, artistic or social, the names of these four men illuminate the pages. When they agreed that Atlanta should'achieve in move ments far reaching, or those only local, success was achieved as the city's churches, schools and hospitals testify.
"Mr. Inman won the title 'first citizen' when at a crucial moment in the inceptive days of the Cotton States and International Exposition of 1895, he made possible the success of that enterprise. He was with his three friends on the committee of citizens who promoted the Grady Hospital; who were the first to work for and contribute to the Georgia School of Technology, and subsequently the first givers to the fund for Oglethorpe University.
"Mr. Inmari presided over the first conference held in any Southern state looking to a system of industrial education to be applied in the common school system. Out of that conference grew a wide-spread interest in the subject throughout the industrial South and with him associated in this effort for a more practical education were his three friends.''
In conclusion this writer also testifies to the individual character of Mr. Inman. He was an individual who, "alone anywhere, at any time, would have stood the test of the highest standards of Christian manhood and citizen ship. He possessed the first requisite in his masterly self control, that highest principle of civilization. . No matter what the incident, whether antagonistic to his views, whether complex, involving traditions and prejudices Mr. Inman was splendidly self contained, fearlessly sincere and forcefully reserved. He was tolerant of the views of any man, though he might differ from him, and 'he was God-blessed with a rich store of common sense.''
Concerning his work in behalf of Agnes Scott College, to which he gave so liberally of his money, and of which he served as a member of the board of ^trustees from 1899 and as chairman of the board from 1903 until his death, the president of the college said: "He gave, however, far more to the college than dollars. He gave himself, his interest, his influence, his leadership and his prayers. It is impossible to estimate the value of these things. The interest he has awakened in the college in Atlanta and through out the whole country, the friends he has made for it, his leadership in the Board, and wherever he has been known, have been potent factors in placing
the institution upon its present large basis."
In the resolutions passed by the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce Mr. Inman
was referred to as "one of the master builders of Atlanta and'a leader in all that is best in Southern civilization," and declared that in his death "Atlanta
loses its first citizen, Georgia one of its noblest men, and the South not only a great man of affairs and a leader in its development, but a great example
of civic virtue, a pattern and inspiration to the youth of the land."
Resolutions of similar purport were passed by the Retail Merchants Asso
ciation of Atlanta, and the finance committee of the city council, of which
Mr. Inman was a member at the time of his death, declared: '' Samuel M.
Inman has on many occasions when the progress and good name of the city
of Atlanta was at stake promptly come forward with his fortune and his
influence to tide the city over the crisis; by his life as well as generous
contributions he has made possible'the development and establishment of some

1850

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

of the leading educational institutions in and near Atlanta and posterity will reap the benefit of his devotion and his liberality."
Mr. Inman was survived by his wife, two sons, Henry and Frank M. Inman, and one daughter, Mrs. J. W. Cooper of Philadelphia. He was twice married, his first wife was Miss Jennie Dick of Rome, Georgia. They were married in 1868 and she died in 1890, and was the mother of his two sons and daughter. In December, 1892, Mr. Inman married Miss Mildred McPheeters. Mrs. Inman was born at what is 'now Bedford City, Virginia, and was closely associated with her husband in much constructive social and civic work in Atlanta. She is president of the Atlanta Art Association. She was also a vice president of the Cotton States Exposition at Atlanta in 1895. She is a member of the Society of Colonial Dames and of the Daughters of the American Revolution.
\
LIETJT.-GEN. JOHN B. GORDON was born in Upson County, Georgia, July 6, 1832, and died in Florida, where he had gone for his health, on January 9, 1904. Young Gordon was well educated. In 1852 he was graduated from the Georgia State University, and a few months later was admitted to the bar. His career from that time up to the outbreak of the war in 1861 differed in no respect from that of the average young lawyer.
In 1861, he became a Confederate soldier and was elected captain of a company known as the "Raccoon Roughs." His natural talent for war was such that he won almost immediate promotion, first to major and then to lieutenant-colonel. In December, 1861, during his first year of service, he became .lieutenant-colonel of the Sixth Alabama Regiment and in April, 1862, was promoted colonel. At Seven Pines, Malvern Hill and other engagements he led a brigade and in November, 1862, was promoted to the regular grade of brigadier-general. At Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, the Wilderness campaign and Spottsylvania Court House, he added to his fame, being promoted to be major-general for the part he took in the last named battle. He afterward commanded either a division or a corps, was commissioned a lieutenant-general and during the later portion of the war was at times in command of fully half of Lee's army. At Appomattox he is said to have led the last charge against the Federal army.
At the close of the war General Gordon returned to Georgia to assist in the work of Southern re-construction, and in 1866 represented his state in the National Union Convention. He was elected to the United States Senate in 1873 over Alexander Stephens. He was re-elected in 1879, but, on account of his firiancial circumstance, resigned during the second year of his second term, in spite of a widespread protest, and not long afterward became identi fied with the Louisville & Nashville Railroad. Still later he was active in the building of the Georgia Pacific Railroad. His two terms as governor of Georgia covered the years 1886-90, and in the latter year was sent to the United States Senate. Also from 1890 until his tleath in 1904, General Gordon was at the head of the United Confederate Veterans.

HON. NASH R. BROYLES, associate justice of the State Court of Appeals of Georgia, who for many years prior to entering upon his present duties held the office of city recorder of Atlanta, was born in this city, October 16, 1868, and is a son of the late- Col. Edwin Nash Broyles, and a member of one of Atlanta's first families. Col. Edwin Nash Broyles was born in Buncombe County, North Carolina, November 14, 1829, a son of Maj. Cain Broyles, an able legal practitioner and an officer of some prominence during the War of 1812, and Lucinda (Nash) Broyles, a descendant of John Nash, the famous Revolutionary hero for whom the City of Nashville, Tennessee, was named. H& was still a lad when he moved to Greene County, Tennessee, and for some time lived at Greeneville, where he secured his elementary education. Subse quently Colonel Broyles attended Washington College, at that time under the

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1851

management of Prof. A. A. Doke, a Presbyterian clergyman of note and a graduate of Princeton, and at college the youth distinguished himself for his proficiency in logic and mental philosophy. When he was admitted to the bar, he began practice a.t Greeneville, with such contemporaries as Gen. Thomas D. Arnold and Judge Samuel Milligan, of Greeneville, William H. Sneed, of Knoxville, and Thomas R. Nelson, of Jonesboro.
In 1853 Colonel Broyles came to Georgia and first located at Cedartown, where he remained in practice for some time. He was fortunate in making the acquaintance of Governor Brown, Vho, impressed with the abilities of the
young legist, made him compiler of the statutes of the preceding Legislature, in 1857. During the war between the states, Colonel Broyles, although an ardent lover of the Union, loyally endorsed the cause of the Confederacy, and rendered the government important and valuable service in various capacities. During the war he was private secretary and military aide to Governor Brown. At the close of hostilities he took up his residence at Atlanta, and there con tinued in active practice during the remainder of his life. On all questions touching the interests of the general public, Colonel Broyles was one of the best posted men in Georgia, but he was bound heart and soul to his profession, and political offers could not attract him from his devotion thereto. It was his honest belief that he could best serve the public and his community by confining his work to the courts and leaving the political tasks to those whose inclinations ran in that direction. Ever a close student,"he 'continued his studies to the last, even when extended ill health had enfeebled his activities and dimmed his faculties. Pie passed away February 13, 1897.
Colonel Broyles was twice married, first in 1861 to Miss Elizabeth D. Arnold, the accomplished and cultured daughter of Gen. Thomas D. Arnold, and one of the most brilliant women of the South, and second in 1883, to Miss Sallie Trippe Hardy, daughter of Dr. Weston Hardy, of Cartersville, Georgia, Four surviving children were born to the first union. Hon. Arnold Broyles, clerk of the Fulton County Superior Court; Hon. Nash R. Broyles; Mrs. Pearl Broyles Parks, the wife of Lloyd Parks; and Bernard C. Broyles, a prominent citizen of Atlanta. To the second union there was born one son, Harold
Hardy. Nash R. Broyles graduated from the Atlanta public schools at the age of
fifteen years, and entered the University of Georgia, at Athens, graduating from its literary department in 1888 and its law department in 1889. Imme diately thereafter he became his father's law partner, father and son prac ticing together under the firm style of Broyles & Son until the former's death in 1897, after which the son continued alone. In 1893 Nash R. Broyles was appointed United States Commissioner, by Judge William T. Newman, and held that position until 1899, when he was elected recorder of the City of Atlanta. This latter office he filled with signal ability, with the result that, by repeated re-elections, he served until November 14, 1914, when he resigned to accept the higher position which he now fills. Upon his re-election as recorder, by the people, after a hard fight waged against him by the disorderly element of Atlanta, a banquet in his honor was given, January 3, 1911, by the citizens of Atlanta. -This notable affair was attended by the governor of the state, the justices of the Supreme and Appellate courts, the federal judi ciary, the mayor, and the council of the city, and several hundred of Atlanta's
most prominent citizens. At the August primary, of 1914, Judge Broyles was overwhelmingly nomi
nated to become one of the associate justices of the State Court of Appeals, which nomination was fully ratified at the polls on the 3d of November following. This promotion at the hands of the people was one which could not be construed otherwise than as a strong endorsement of the splendid record he had made as recorder and in other capacities. The oath as associate justice of the Court of Appeals was administered to him by Governor J. M.

1852

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

Slaton, November 14,1914, and he is now one of the three judges who compose that distinguished body.
Nash R. Broyles was the first judge of the first Juvenile Court ever estab lished in the South. He held this judgeship for many years, along with the office of city recorder of Atlanta, and it was chiefly due to his efforts that the Fulton County Reformatory for Juveniles was established. His first entry into state politics was unique and spectacular. In 1912, just thirty days before the primary, he announced his candidacy for the Court of Appeals against Judge J. R. Pottle, an able jurist and a very strong man politically, and, without making any campaign, tied Judge Pottle and later, in the state convention, withdrew in his favor. This is the only known instance in the history of the state where a state-wide political contest resulted in a tie, where only two candidates were in the field.
Judge Broyles is a democrat, a member of the Episcopal Church, and belongs to the Chi Phi college fraternity. It is said that every man has a hobby. If Judge Broyles has one, it is the subject of law-enforcement. He earnestly believes this to be the most serious question in the United States today. He is deeply concerned at the increase of crime in the country, and never loses an opportunity to plead before his fellow-citizens for better lawenforcement. He has spoken with telling effect on this subject, without any reward, or the hope thereof, in all sections of Georgia. When the unfortunate and bloody riot occurred in Atlanta, in 1906, by his firm and unyielding attitude on the bench, and his swift and severe punishment of the ring leaders of the outrage, while his life was being hourly threatened and an armed guard had to protect his home and family, day and night, he did more to stop the. rioting and restore law and order than all the bayonets of the soldiers. His great aim in life has been to render equal and exact justice and with the technicalities of procedure he is often impatient, especially since these sometimes serve to protect the guilty; but he has always been rigid in probing for the facts and fearlessness as a judge as his stand for righteousness, for law and for truth.
Judge Broyles was married November 8,1894, to Miss Harriet D. Hall, of Charleston, South Carolina. They are the parents of one daughter, Mrs. Sargent Hamilton of Washington, District of Columbia.
i
HON. WALTER COLQUITT CARTER. A public service that is notable both for its length and for its high quality has been that rendered by Judge Carter, now United States commissioner at Atlanta. He has been commissioner of the United States Court in the city for many years, and at the present time is the only Federal official of that class in the city. Beginning with the year ] 885 he has been continuously in the service of the United States Government at Atlanta, first as assistant in the office of the United States district attorney, then as clerk of the United States District Court, and finally as United States commissioner. With each year of increasing experience and familiarity with his duties the individuality of his service has come to mean more than his office ordinarily signifies.
Born in Murray County, Georgia, June 22,1855, he is of old and substan tial Georgia stock. His father, Col. Samuel M. Carter, was the son of Farish Carter, and both of them .successively lived upon a plantation in Murray County where Judge Carter spent a portion of his early life. Before the war Colonel Carter operated an extensive plantation with many slaves. Judge Carter's mother was a Colquitt, daughter of Walter T. Colquitt, and a sister
to the late United States Senator Alfred H. Colquitt. For his early education Judge Carter was sent to Nelson County, Vir
ginia, and afterwards was under the instruction at Baltimore of Richard Malcolm Johnson, who later became famous as a southern character writer. He finished his education in the noted old business college at Poughkeepsie,

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1853

New York, and then returned to Georgia to take up his active career. At the age of twenty-two he was elected a member of the State Legislature. Not long afterward he was appointed to a clerkship in the office of the United States district attorney under Ben H. Hill, Jr., who was then United States district attorney, and in 1891 was appointed clerk of the United States District Court, an office he held until 1911, a period of twenty years.
In November, 1898, he married Miss Nannie Sue Hill, daughter of Col. John M. Hill of Newnan, Georgia. Mrs. Carter's mother, whose maiden name was Susan Calhoun, was a member of the prominent Georgia family of that name. Judge Carter and wife have one son, Walter Colquitt Carter, Jr., born
June 'l2, 1904. Judge Carter has many genial qualities which manifest themselves both
in his official and social relations. His steadfast loyalty to his public duties has brought him general public esteem, and at the same time he enjoys the friendship of a host of men prominent in politics, business and the professions. He is a member of the Capital City Club and the Piedmont Driving Club and
in politics is a democrat.
HENRY W. GBADY, notable as a newspaper man and an orator, was born in Athens, Georgia, May, 1851, and died in Atlanta on December 23, 1889. His parents were Capt. William S. and Anne Elizabeth (Gartrell) Grady. He came of good stock. His father was of Irish blood, and his mother was Scotch. Through his mother he was related to quite a number of notable Georgia families, such as the Lamars, the Cobbs, the Moores, and the Bennings. His father a man of large estate, who inherited a full measure of the fighting blood of his Irish ancestry,, promptly joined the Confederate army on the outbreak of the war between the states, and fell upon one of the battlefields of Virginia.
Mr. Grady's early boyhood was spent in Athens. Immediately after the war he entered the State University, and later -took courses in the University of Virginia. The brilliancy which characterized his later life was shown even in early youth; and while a college student he made his mark and was promi nent both at Athens and the University of Virginia, especially in an oratorical way in the various societies to which he belonged, and in the columns of the college papers. After leaving the university he bought an interest in The Rome Commercial, which he speedily made one of the brightest papers in ;the state. But after the loss of his investment, the young editor moved to Atlanta, where he bought an interest in The Herald. Financially that, also, was a failure and Mr. Grady's next move was to the New York Herald. He became Georgia correspondent of the Herald and editorial writer on the Atlanta Constitution. In 1880 he bought an interest in the Constitution and was a firm supporter of Governor Colquitt. He had become widely known as a Southern journalist, and in 1886 leaped into fame as an eloquent orator by his response to the toast, "The New South," at the dinner of the New England Society of New York.
Had Henry Grady been so disposed he could have spent the remainder oi his_life on the platform; but he accepted only a very few of the invitations which poured in upon him from every side. He took an active part in the local prohibition campaign in 1887, and made some of his greatest speeches m opposition to the liquor traffic. He delivered notable addresses at Dallas, Texas, in 1887; Augusta, Georgia, in November, 1887; at the University of Virginia in June, 1889; at Elberton, Georgia, in the same month; and at Boston, Massachusetts, in December, 1889 this last being but a very short time before his death.

CHARMS M. CANDLER. Full appreciation of the manifold advantages and attractions of his native state has been shown by this representative member

1854

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

of the Georgia bar and his unwavering loyalty has been manifested not alone in sentiment but also in action, his services having been potent in the further ance of the civic and material welfare of the Empire Commonwealth of the South. A broad-minded and progressive citizen, Mr. Candler is Avell known
throughout Georgia and is familiarly referred to as Murphey Candler. His inviolable hold upon popular esteem has been often given distinctive assurance and his name has been frequently mentioned in connection with nomination for governor of the state in which he is a scion of an old and distinguished family. He is of the fifth generation in line of direct descent from Col. William Candler, who rendered distinguished service as a patriot soldier and officer in the War of the Revolution and who became the founder of the family in Georgia. Hon. Milton A. Candler, father of him whose name initiates this review, was for thirty years senior member of the law firm of Candler & Thomson, of Atlanta, and was not only one of the able and steadfast lawyers who lent dignity and distinction to the bar of the state, but was also long and prominently concerned with public affairs in Georgia. He represented the state as a valiant soldier of the Confederacy in the Civil war and was called upon to serve in many high offices of public trust, a specific tribute to his memory being entered on other pages of this publication, so that further data are not demanded in the present connection. His wife, whose maiden name was Eliza C. Murphey, was a daughter of Hon. Charles Murphey, representa tive of the Atlanta district in the United States Congress under the adminis tration of President Pierce.
Charles Murphey Candler was born at Decatur, DeKalb County, Georgia, on the 17th of March, 1858, and after due preliminary discipline he was matriculated in the University of Georgia, in which he was graduated as a member of the class of 1877 and from which he received the degree* of Bachelor of Arts, He made an excellent record as an undergraduate, was class speaker during his sophomore and junior years in the university, and in his senior year was the champion debater of the.institution. Inherent predilection and ambitious purpose led Mr. Candler to prepare himself for the profession that had been signally dignified by the character and achievements of his honored father, and after giving close and effective attention to the study of law he was admitted to the bar, in Atlanta, in 1879. In the capital city of his native state he has won and maintained high prestige as one of the representative
members of the Georgia bar. Mr. Candler's association with public affairs in Georgia had its virtual
inception in 1886, when, as a young man of twenty-eight years, he was elected a representative of DeKalb County in the Lower House of the State Legisla-. ture, in which he thus served four years. In his second year in the Legislature he was joint author of the present public-school law of the state, and he was otherwise active and influential in the work on the floor of the House and in the deliberations of the various committees to which he was assigned. Con cerning his public career the following pertinent and succinct record has been given and is worthy of reproduction in this article: '' After an interval of thirteen years he came back to the General Assembly in 1902, and in that year he was the author of the present franchise tax law of Georgia, a law that has brought millions of dollars into ,the state treasury without working hardship upon any one. His services from 1902 to 1909 were continuous in the Legislature, and in the year last mentioned he resigned the office of Representative in the House to.qualify for appointment to the important position of which he has since been the efficient incumbent, that of member of
the Board of Railroad Commissioners of Georgia, of which body he is the chairman. From 1902 to 1904, inclusive, Mr. Candler was a member of the lower house of the legislature; in 1905-(j he was a member of the state senate. He was re-elected to the House of Representatives for the term of 1909-10, his resignation having, however, taken place before he had qualified, as' he

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1855

had in the meanwhile received appointment as a member of the Board of Railroad Commissioners. In 1906 Mr. Candler was joint author of the present child-labor law of Georgia, and in 1907 he formulated and ably championed to enactment the present railroad commission law of the state. In 1907-8 he was chairman of the house committee on appropriations. In 1908 he was chairman of the house committee on convict-lease investigation and had much to do with the abolition of the extremely odious convict-lease system that had been a blot on the escutcheon of Georgia. At the present time Mr. Candler is serving with great circumspection and ability as chairman of the Board of Railroad Commissioners, a body that owes its enlarged jurisdiction and powers to the law of which he himself was the author, as previously noted. During these years of public service Mr. Candler has steadily grown in the confidence and esteem of the people and has frequently and urgently been pressed to become a candidate for governor. He has made a special study of the tax system of the state and earnestly advocates much needed reforms in the same. In three different legislative sessions he introduced general taxreform bills providing for a modern system, with assessment and equalizing boards, both state and county, and with insistent advocacy of the policy of separating the sources of taxation in the state in general, the various counties and the municipalities. It is perhaps within the bounds of consistency to say that upon methods of taxation he is to-day one of the best informed men in public life in Georgia. He and his former law partner, Hon. Hooper Alex ander, were for years leaders in the General Assembly of the state in every movement looking to public improvement; and though they did not accom plish all they desired or all that was needed, they have left the indelible stamp of their loyal and earnest efforts upon the history of the state, with also a record of much good accomplished for the perpetual benefit of the State of Georgia and its people."
Mr. Candler accords the staunchest of allegiance to the democratic party and is a most effective exponent of its principles and policies, with broad and well fortified opinions concerning matters of governmental and economic import. His character is the positive expression of a strong, true and stead fast nature, and he well merits the unequivocal and uniform confidence in which he is held in the state which has been his home from the time of his nativity. Mr. Candler and his wife are zealous members of the Presbyterian Church, in which he is an elder and superintendent of the Sunday school. He is a member of the board of trustees of Agnes Scott College, one of the admirable educational institutions of Georgia and the entire South, and his civic progressiveness and public spirit have been shown in so many ways that they are evident to all who make even a cursory survey of Georgia history within the past quarter of a century.
In 1882 was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Candler to Miss Mary Scott, a daughter of Col. George "W. Scott, of Decatur, who was a leading manufac turer and capitalist of the state and the founder of Agnes Scott College, of which mention is made in the preceding paragraph. Mr. and Mrs. Candler have five children, namely: Laura E., George Scott, Rebekah, Milton A., and Charles Murphey, Jr.

WILLIAM SCOTT KENDEICK, M. D. Among southern physicians whose names are^at once recognized both on the basis of their individual attainments and their high professional associations, one of the chiefs is Dr. William Scott Kendrick, who was formerly dean of the Atlanta College of Physicians and Surgeons, was_ incumbent of the chair of medicine in the Atlanta Medical College, of which he was one of the organizers, and is now senior professor of medicine, medical department of Emory University and has for a number of years conducted a large practice in his home City of Atlanta.'
VDol.oIcVto2r Kendrick was born in Chattooga County, Georgia, a son of Thomas

1856

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

and Martha (Scott) Kendrick. Both parents were natives of York County, South Carolina, his father of English and his mother of Scotch-Irish lineage. His father was a farmer and died in 1876, and of the twelve children the first three died in infancy, and all the others are still living. There has been no death in the family for more than half a century, a fact which indicates the sturdiness of the line.
Doctor Kendrick as a boy had rural surroundings and rural advantages. He attended a country school in the Dirt Town Valley of Chattooga County. So well did he make use of his opportunities that when still a boy he was elected principal of this large country school, and for five years pursued with success and with generous appreciation the duties of educator. Doctor Kendrick began the study of medicine under Dr. Robert Battey of Rome, Georgia, and received his degree of Doctor of Medicine from the Atlanta Medical College. After two years of practice Doctor Kendrick went abroad, and spent one year in post-graduate work.
He later became dean of the Atlanta Medical College, an office he held for practically twenty years. He was largely instrumental in effecting the con solidation in 1900 of this institution and the Southern Medical College, sub
mitting to the coalition the title of the Atlanta College of Physicians and Surgeons. He was elected dean of the new school and remained the executive head of the institution until September, 1905, when he resigned the office as well as the headship of the chair of medicine to found a new school, named the Atlanta School of Medicine. In that he filled a similar chair to the one he had held in the old. In establishing the new college there was associated with him, outside of his teaching colleagues, his wife, who had been a most wonderful aid to him in all his college career. He was largely instrumental after an urgent appeal from the representatives of the American Medical Association and the Carnegie Foundation in consolidating the Atlanta College of Physicians and Surgeons with the Atlanta School of Medicine, and here, as before, assumed the head of the chair of general medicine. Doctor Kendrick holds a rather unique position in the naming of medical colleges. In the consolidation in 1900 of the Atlanta Medical and the Southern Medical colleges he submitted the name the Atlanta College of Physicians and Sur geons, which was endorsed by the faculty. In the consolidation of the Atlanta College of Physicians and Surgeons with the Atlanta School of Medicine in 1913, he was instrumental in removing the name Atlanta College of Physicians and Surgeons, also the Atlanta School of Medicine, and put back his former name, the Atlanta Medical College. The fact that this college came to rank as one of the foremost institutions of the kind in the South must be credited in no small degree to the effective direction given by Doctor Kendrick. He is senior professor of medicine, medical department, Emory University.
Doctor Kendrick is medical director of the Southern States Life Insurance Company, is chief state consultant and examiner of the New England Benefit Insurance Company and state referee for the Mutual Benefit of New Jersey. Among southern physicians Doctor Kendrick is regarded as a physician and surgeon of the highest attainment, and one who has been singularly successful as an able and popular educator. So far as the popular expression of influence from one man can be measured, that from Doctor Kendrick already transcends anything that he might have accomplished as an individual practitioner, since he has been able to impress his ideals as well as his knowledge upon hundreds of young men preparing for a life of service in this splendid social profession. The greater part of his time is given to his executive and class room duties in the Atlanta Medical College. He is also a member of the Medical Asso
ciation of Georgia. Doctor Kendrick has for the years since he attained manhood given regu
lar support to the democratic party. He is a ruling elder in the Central Presbyterian Church of Atlanta, and Mrs. Kendrick is also an active member

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1857

of that church. On December 28, 1887, he married Miss Tallulah Groves, daughter of Maj. William L. and Jane (Scott) Groves, of Chattooga County. Doctor Kendrick and wife have no children.

JOHN WILLIAM LINDSEY. The incumbent of the important office of com missioner of pensions of Georgia, John William Lindsey has occupied this position for sixteen years, but for much longer has he contributed of his energies in the service of the state. In his long connection with public affairs is contained a service that for variety and usefulness is notable, and in each of his official capacities he has maintained an enviable reputation for devotion to duty and conscientious labors in behalf of the public welfare.
John William Lindsey is a Georgian by nativity, born on a farm four miles from Irwinton, Wilkinson County, August 1, 1843, a son of Isaac and Martha (Moore) Lindsey. The family is of sturdy Scotch-Irish origin, the first ancestor in America having emigrated from Ireland to America subse quent to the War of the Revolution and settled in South Carolina, A greatuncle of John William Lindsey, John Lindsey, distinguished himself in the ranks of the patriot army during the winning of independence, particularly in the battles of King's Mountain and Cowpens. James Lindsey, the grand father of John William Lindsey, was married in South Carolina to Sarah Frost, and in 1814 they moved from Edgefield County, South Carolina, to Wilkinson County, Georgia, where the family has since resided, its members for the most part being engaged in agricultural pursuits.
John W. Lindsey grew up on the homestead of his father, who was a sub stantial farmer of Wilkinson County, and his early education was secured in the public schools of Irwinton, which he was attending at the outbreak of the war between the South and the North, in 1861. He was soon accepted in the Confederate army as a private in Company I, Third Georgia Regiment, A. R. Wright, colonel, 'this being a regiment of young men which gave a splendid account of itself in some sanguinary fighting. As a soldier, Mr. Lindsey dis played those qualities which in after years were to gain him high position, being never absent from his company except when wounded. At the battle of Spottsylvania, May 14, 1864, he was severely wounded, and even to this day feels the effects of his old injury. An elder brother in the Confederate service met a soldier's death on the awful battlefield of Gettysburg, and an other brother, also in the service of the South, received a dangerous wound.
When his military.service was completed, Mr. Lindsey, then a young man of twenty-one years, having decided upon the law as the profession in which his life's success would be worked out, entered the law office of Col. Eli Gumming, as a clerk, studying law in the intervals of his work, and in November, 1868, was admitted to the bar by Judge Green Foster, then pre siding over the Ocmulgee Circuit. Mr. Lindsey entered actively upon the practice of his profession at Irwinton, and has continued to be engaged therein ever since. His present law partner is the Hon. G. H. Carswell, of Irwinton, who takes care of the practice while Mr. Lindsey is in public service.
For many years Mr. Lindsey has devoted his energies and abilities to the public service. He served for a number of years as mayor of Irwinton, was a member of the General Assembly in 1884-5, chairman of the board of educa tion from 1892 to 1899, appointed a visitor to West Point Military Academy by President Harrison, in 1892, was the democratic elector from the Tenth Congressional District of Georgia, in 1892, and cast the vote of that district in the electoral college for Grover Cleveland for president and Adlai Steven son for vice president, was elected solicitor-general of the Ocmulgee Circuit in 1888 by the General Assembly to fill the unexpired term of Robert Whitfield, resigned, was appointed commissioner of pensions by Governor Alien D. Candler in 1899, re-appointed by Governor J. M. TerreR, in 1903 and 1906, when the office became elective, and since that time has been regularly elected

1858

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

over his opponents for this office. His earnestness, honesty and unassuming ability have retained him in office, and the final result of his progressive and faithful service is not only to firmly establish him in the confidence of the local public, but to give him a national standing on all matters connected with the pension service of the United States.
Mr. Lindsey has long been a devout member of the Baptist Church. He has been a lifelong democrat, and has always been stanch in his support of his party's principles, policies and candidates. A firm friend of education, he has done much to advance its cause, and other issues for which he has faith fully labored have been the extension and systematic development of internal waterways and the building of a complete system of public highways, thus giving to every section quick and direct transit for persons and commodities.
On January 12, 1869, Mr. Lindsey was married to Miss Julia F. Tucker, the youngest child of Judge John R. and Mary Rutherford (Mathis) Tucker, of Washington County, where both the Tuckers and the Mathises have been known and honored for generations. Five children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Lindsey, two who are deceased: Maj. Julian R., of the Eleventh Cavalry, United States army, graduated from West Point in 1892 and has seen active service in Cuba, China and the Philippines; Mary Gertrude, who is the wife of James A. Carswell, of Wilkinson, associated with Mr. Lindsey in his extensive farming interests; and Mrs. Annie Florea (Lindsey) Price, who is her father's capable and energetic assistant in the pension office.
HON. JOSEPH M. TERRELL. On Sunday morning, November 17, 1912, in Atlanta, Georgia, there passed from earth's scenes one of Georgia's foremost citizens, the Hon. Joseph M. Terrell, a man honored and beloved all over the state. -Mr. Terrell was born in Meriwether County, Georgia, June 6,1861, the son of Dr. Joel E. G. and Sarah (Anthony) Terrell. His father was a noted physician of that county, who, during the war, only failed to enlist in the Confederate service because of a petition presented to the Government by the citizens of the county requesting that he be allowed to remain at home to care for the sick and wounded, in which line of duty he rendered valuable service. His mother, Sarah Anthony Terrell, was a daughter of Dr. Joseph Walker and Martha (Render) Anthony, her father being a prominent medical practitioner of Meriwether County.
The early life of Joseph M. Terrell gave promise of that which was to follow. At the early age of fourteen years he had acquired a good common school education and never attended school after this. Although a ripe scholar, as attested by his many state papers, he never attended college. After leaving school he took charge of his father's plantation and successfully managed it, but while he liked agriculture and always retained his interest in it, his ambition was set in another direction. Even at this early age he was already dreaming of being a lawyer and of the wide field of usefulness this noble profession would open up to him. It was not surprising, there fore, to those who knew him that he left the farm after a few years to enter upon the study of his chosen profession in the office of Maj. John W. Park of Greenville. Before he had reached his majority he was admitted to practice and opened an office in Greenville. Here and in the counties com posing the Coweta Circuit he followed his profession for a number of years, taking first rank as an able and conscientious attorney. His public life began in 1884, when he was elected to the House of Representatives from Meriwether County, entering that body as its youngest member. In 1886 he was re-elected. These legislatures had as members some of Georgia's most distinguished sons, who afterwards became governors, senators and judges, filling various posi tions of honor and trust in the state. Young Terrell early proved himself to have an aptitude for statecraft, which placed him easily among the first of his contemporaries. In 1890 he was elected to the State Senate, where, as

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1859

chairman of the finance committee, he won the confidence and admiration of the entire state for the familiarity and ability with which he handled the financial questions affecting the people. In 1892 he was elected attorney general over two able and distinguished competitors. "While the incumbent of this office he was remarkably successful with the litigations he conducted for the state and during this period, of the many cases he handled before the Supreme'Court of the United States he never lost one.
At the expiration of his ten years' term as attorney general, a longer term thaji had been served by any of his distinguished predecessors, Mr, Terrell became a candidate for governor, and was nominated for that high office over two distinguished Georgians on the fifth of June, 1902 a birthday present, he was wont to say, from the people of his beloved state. The day following the nomination he was just forty-one years old. The success of his administration as governor is evidenced by the public records of the state. Perhaps the most enduring fame which will abide from his administration was the establishment of agricultural schools in each congressional district
of Georgia. Although not a college graduate, Mr. Terrell always manifested the'
greatest interest in the education of the youth of the state, and much was. done by him to advance the cause of education along all lines as citizen, legis
lator and governor. Upon the death of the lamented Senator Clay, the appointment of United States senator was tendered to Governor Terrell by Governor Joseph M. Brown, which he accepted and held for about one year. While serving in the Senate as an ambassador from Georgia, without warn
ing came the sudden stroke which cut short in the prime and vigor of his useful manhood this loved and distinguished Georgian. The attack of paralysis came early in 1911. For a while Mr. Terrell rallied from the shock and apparently improved, but Bright's disease overtook him, and the weak
ened condition of his system, rendered so by the paralytic stroke, made it impossible for him to withstand its ravages, and he died at his residence at 121 Juniper Street, Atlanta, at 7.10 o'clock on the morning of Sunday, November 17, 1912. His death caused mourning throughout the state. Through respect to the former governor and United States senator, Governor M. Brown issued an official proclamation ordering flags on all public buildings in the state at half mast on Monday, the day of the funeral, and giving per mission for the body to lie in state in the rotunda of the capitol. The governor also called his official.staff and all state house officers to act as an official escort for the remains. All state house offices were closed from 11 o'clock until after the funeral and the capitol flags were displayed at half mast for ten days. Four of the senator's brothers and two brother s-in-law acted as pallbearers: Dr1 . E. B. Terrell, "W. A. Terrell, J. R. Terrell, H. W. Terrell, Hines Holt, of Columbus and R. Spivey of Greenville. After services, in the Second Baptist Church the body was escorted to the terminal station and taken to Greenville, Meriwether County, where it was interred in the family burial ground. The escort was composed of some of the foremost citizens of Atlanta and of the state,, including Governor Joseph M. Brown, Governor-elect John M. Slayton, ex-Governor W. J. Northen, ex-Governor Henry D. McDaniel, Justices Fish, Lumpkin, Evans, Beck and Hill, of the Supreme Court of Georgia; Clark Howell, ex-attorney general, and many other judges, public officials and members of the Atlanta Bar Association, besides a number of prominent citizens in various walks of life. One of Senator Terrell's old friends, who had been a boyhood playmate and served with him in the Legislature, Judge Hiram Warner Hill, associate justice of the Georgia Supreme Court, furnished a biographical tribute to the departed Georgian, to which we are indebted for the principal facts in regard to his career which appear in this article. Judge Hill further said: "To every student of the history of Georgia and her public meii for the past quarter

1860

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

of a century, the public record and career of ex-Senator Terrell is familiar. "Whether viewed as lawmaker in the capacity of representative, state and
United States senator, or as chief counsellor of the state as attorney general; or as chief executive guiding and directing the ship of state for the perma
nent happiness and prosperity of her people, or as a private citizen without fear and without reproach, he stood every inch a man. His was a full wellrounded character. It was as natural for ex-Senator Terrell to have pursued
the course in public and private life he did as it is for a duck to swim. It was a part of his being. His public career is a part of the history of his state and country. Ex-Senator Terrell was a born leader of men. He gave promise
of this in his early infancy. As a boy his comrades recognized in him a leader. It was a leadership that attracted by the law of love and not that which impelled through fear. His friends followed 'Joe' Terrell in later life wherever he led because they loved and had an abiding faith in him. He was
pre-eminently a lovable man. No one left his presence without being made to feel that he was his best friend. It was easy for a man of his type to be a
leader.
"Though gentle and kind as a woman, one not knowing him must not get the idea that he was lacking in firmness or courage. He possessed both of these qualities to a large degree. But his whole life refutes the idea that in
order to be firm and a bold fearless leader one must be harsh or cruel. His very nature was gentleness, kindness, firmness and manly courage. He was
possessed of the most optimistic and hopeful nature and always lived in
the light. The shadows and darkness had no place for him. Only the bright side of things was visible. Even in the valley of the shadow this character
istic did not desert him.
"While Georgians point with pride to his brilliant and successful public career, it is his genial personality upon which his friends love most to dwell.
He was as approachable as a child and yet he had the manly dignity which never failed to command respect. No one in trouble ever failed to have a listening ear. No friend elated with success ever failed to receive his hearty congratulations. The rich and the poor, the powerful and the weak alike had access to his counsels. His hand was ever open to the needy, and his lips ready to speak comfort and cheer to the disconsolate and sorrowing. One 'of the most beautiful traits of ex-Senator Terrell's life was his pure Christian character. Amidst all the storm and stress of political strife he never wavered in his devotion and following after Him who was his guide and example. Such a life must be an inspiration to the youth of the land for generations to come. Such a life does not go out it simply goes on.
"For his rugged honesty, fidelity to duty, purity of life, and lofty patriot ism, this loyal friend and able statesman will be secure in the hearts and
affections of the people he loved so well."
Mr. Terrell was married in 1886 to Miss Jessie Lee Spivey, the daughter of Thomas Spivey of Meriwether, Georgia. Mrs. Terrell and four brothers survive Mr. Terrell. They are: Hon. J. R. Terrell, solicitor general of the
Coweta Circuit; Dr. E. B. Terrell, of Greenville; Dr. H. W. Terrell, of LaGrange and W. A. Terrell, of Decatur.

HENRY WALKER TERRELL, M. D. In these days of strong competition
and advanced knowledge in all the arts and sciences it is by no means an easy task to attain a high place in so difficult a profession as that of medicine and he who does so must be a man of strong mentality and a hard worker,
and must, moreover, have sterling moral qualities if he would hope to gain a ' high class of patronage. One of those who have successfully passed all tests
requisite to this end is Dr. Henry Walker Terrell of LaGrange, who, is one
of the leading physicians and surgeons of LaGrange, Troup and Meriwether counties, and one of five noted physicians in the Terrell family. Doctor

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1861

Terrell was born in Greenville, Meriwether County, Georgia, October 12, 1871 the son of Dr. Joel E. G. and Sarah (Anthony) Terrell. His paternal grandparents were David M. and Eliza (Chapman) Terrell, the former being a prominent and highly respected citizen and planter of Meriwether County.
Dr. Joel E. G. Terrell, father of the subject of this memoir, was graduated in the first class of Atlanta Medical College and afterwards attended Jeffer son Medical College at Philadephia, where also he was graduated. He began the practice of his profession in his native City of Greenville, and became one of its leading medical practitioners, which position he retained until his death in 1886 at the age of fifty-three years. During the war he was anxious to enlist but the citizens of Greenville and Meriwether County got up a strong petition, which they presented to the Confederate Government, beg ging that he be allowed to remain with them to attend 'to the sick and wounded, as the city and county had only two other doctors whose services were available for home use. The request was granted and it was commonly said that the doctor did far more good to the cause by his services at home than he could possibly have done by engaging in military service. He and his wife were active members of the Baptist Church, in which he was a deacon. Mrs. Dr. Joel Terrell was a daughter of Dr. Joseph Walker Anthony, her mother's maiden name being Martha Render. Her father, a graduate of the old University of Pennsylvania, was a prominent medical practitioner in Meriwether County and was the eldest of the three physi cians who ministered to the sick in that county during the war. He died in 1875 at the age of seventy years. His wife survived him several years. To Dr. Joel E. G. Terrell and wife six children were born, as follows: Annie, who married Hines Holt and died in 1912; Joseph M., now deceased, a former governor of Georgia and United States senator, to whom further reference will be made; E. B., a graduate of the University of Louisville, Kentucky, who became a physician but retired from active practice in 1913, owing to poor health; William A., now engaged in the insurance and real estate busi ness at Decatur, Georgia; J. Render, a resident of Greenville, Georgia, who is solicitor general of the Coweta Circuit, and Dr. Henry Walker Terrell, whose name forms the caption of this article.
Henry Walker Terrell, who was the youngest, member of his parents' family, acquired his literary education in the schools of Greenville and then entered the Atlanta Medical College, where he was graduated in the class of 1892. Beginning the practice of his profession in Columbus, Georgia, he remained there one year, at the end of that time returning to Greenville. Here he remained five years and then, in 1898, came to LaGrange, where a larger field of activity awaited him. Since then he has established himself 'firmly among the leaders of his profession in this locality. His office and laboratory are equipped with X-ray apparatus and other modern accessories. Like his late brother, the ex-governor, he is a man of firm convictions but of a kind and amiable disposition, qualities which have made for him a host of friends. Doctor Terrell is a member of the county, state and American Medical associations, being councillor for the fourth district of the Georgia Medical Association. He is chairman of the LaGrange Board of Health. A democrat in politics, he has, however, no political aspirations, but served as mayor of Greenville in 1895-96. His religious affiliations are with the Bap tist Church, in which he is a deacon. His maternal uncle, Dr. Edward R. Anthony, of Griffin, Georgia, is a well known physician, being one of the five doctors in the family.
Dr. Henry W. Terrell was married, December 12, 1894, to Miss Lena McGehee, a native of Meriwether County and daughter of Olin W. and Ophelia (Hall) McGehee. Her father died in 1913, while serving in the Legislature as member from Meriwether County. He was a well to do farmer and a Confederate veteran. Doctor and Mrs. Terrell are the parents of one

1862

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

child, Lena, who was born in LaGrange, September 29, 1905. Mrs. Terrell is an active leader in missionary and orphan home work and is a lady of wide acquaintance highly esteemed by her numerous friends.

COL.'ROBERT F. MADDOX. Of the lives and characters that entered into making Atlanta the metropolis of the southeastern states, perhaps none better deserves the memory and gratitude of later generations than Col. Robert F. Maddox. Colonel Maddox, who died at his home in Atlanta, June 6, 1899, in his seventy-first year, well deserved the position and esteem accorded to "a leading citizen." There is much of encouragement and inspiration to be found in the career of such a man apart from its intrinsic historical relation with the growth and upbuilding of his home city.
The rugged strength of his character, his varied ability and the eminent qualities of his mind and heart, were undoubtedly due in part at least to his ancestors. He was born.in Putnam County, Georgia, January 3, 1829, a son of Edward and Mary F. (Sale) Maddox, both of whom were Scotch people, and Colonel Maddox exemplified some of the more notable traits and char acteristics of the Scotch character integrity, sturdiness and piety, and in his own career he gave peculiar force to those elements. Edward Maddox was a successful planter and early in the nineteenth century had moved from
Troup County to Putnam County. His wife, Miss Sale, came of a Lincoln County, Georgia, family. Colonel Maddox's grandfather, Notley Maddox, had distinguished himself as an officer for the war in American independence.
Along with good character Colonel Maddox developed a rugged physique and vigorous health by his early life on a farm. It was this health which enabled him to accomplish so many difficult undertakings requiring physical endurance as well as mental and moral equipment. The excellent academic training of his youth he supplemented by constant observation and by an intimate experience and knowledge of men and affairs. He possessed the rare faculty of being able to assimilate all that he learned, and was therefore well equipped for success at the outset of his career.
In 1851, at the age of twenty-two, he moved to LaGrange, Troup County. A little later he was elected sheriff, and resigned from that office to become county treasurer. He identified himself with LaGrange as a merchant, and from first to last was more than ordinarily successful in the handling of business affairs. Though the opportunities at LaGrange were not sufficient to keep Colonel Maddox for any length of time, he really laid the foundation of his business career there, and also gained a valuable knowledge of public affairs. On the city council of that place he was associated with such men as Benjamin H. Hill, John E. Morgan, Judge Bigham and others who subse quently made names for themselves in Georgia political life.
In 1858 Colonel Maddox moved to Atlanta. Atlanta at that time had about 15,000 inhabitants, but it was the wide-awake spirit of the community and the possibilities for the future which mainly attracted Colonel Maddox and caused him to change his residence. It has been well said that Colonel Maddox was not more fortunate in making this change of residence than Atlanta was fortunate in securing him as a citizen. An eminent and constant public spirit was combined with his boundless vitality and energy and caused him to support and work for any and every movement that promised sub stantial benefit to the community and his fellow citizens. For three years Colonel Maddox conducted a rapidly growing and prospering mercantile establishment at Atlanta, but in 1861, when already recognized as-one of the first merchants of the city, he closed up his store with patriotic promptness and organized the Calhoun Guards, of which he was made captain. Shortly afterwards Governor Brown placed him temporarily in charge of 6,000 troops at Camp McDonald. In 1862 he was made lieutenant colonel of the Fortysecond Georgia Regiment, and in 1863 colonel of the Third Georgia Reserves.

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1863

He distinguished himself as an excellent soldier, was a capable and fearless leader, and for four years he gave himself with uncompromising devotion to the cause of the South and the defense of its flag.
The fact that there has been since the war such a regeneration of southern resources and activities that there has come about "the new South" must be largely due to the courage, resourcefulness, and vigorous determination of such men as Colonel Maddox. He returned to Atlanta after the war without money, without business, and with nearly every other influential and formerly wealthy citizen in practically the same plight as himself. Undismayed by the outlook,, he went to work with characteristic determination, and succeeded so well that his name must be permanently identified with the annals of banking in Atlanta and with the real upbuilding and growth of that metropolis during the past half century. He was soon engaged in a profitable business, and was also called upon for many important public services. In 1866 he represented Fulton County in the Legislature. While in the Legis lature Governor Jenkins appointed him state agent to buy food for the destitute sufferers under an appropriation of $200,000 made by the state. So scrupulous and exact was he in his performance of this duty that he received the cordial personal thanks of the chief executive. In later years Colonel Maddox served in both branches of the city council, and brought to his position in the lower branch of the council abilities that were impera tively needed in the time of reconstruction. He served as chairman of the finance committee, and besides wiping out the city's floating debt succeeded in reducing the rate of interest from 18 to 7 per cent.
For the first fourteen years after the war Colonel Maddox was chiefly identified with the cotton business and with dealing in tobacco and fertilizers, In 1879 he organized the Maddox-Rucker Banking Company, and undoubtedly as a banker he impressed his influence most strongly upon the commercial life of the city. He made the company one of the strongest institutions in the South, and served as its president practically twenty years until his death. His interests extended to many other enterprises, and any undertaking with which he had anything to do was the stronger thereby and in some notable instances he brought prosperity out of apparently inevitable disaster. From 1889 to 1891 he was president of the Atlanta and Florida Railroad. When the celebrated "International Cotton Exposition" was held at Atlanta in 1881 Colonel Maddox served as one of its directors, as a member of the executive committee.
In his business and personal character Colonel Maddox is described as one who was punctilious in all his business engagements, and enjoying com pletely the confidence of associates and the esteem of fellow citizens. He never swerved from the path of the strictest rectitude, and it has been well said that though he accumulated an immense fortune there were no dirty shillings in the splendid legacy which he bequeathed to his children, no stain upon the honored record which he left behind at the close of his long and useful career. Colonel Maddox was an active member of the First Metho dist Episcopal Church, and was as liberal in his religious and charitable benefactions as in support of public enterprises.
In 1860 Colonel Maddox married Miss Nancy Reynolds, who was born in Covington, Newton County, Georgia, a daughter of Colonel Permedus Rey nolds, one of the leading citizens of that county. Mrs. Maddox died in 1890. There were two children: Robert F., Jr., whose career is sketched in follow ing paragraphs; and Eula M., wife of Henry S. Jackson, a son of the late Justice Howell Jackson of the United States Supreme Court.

ROBERT FOSTER MADDOX. The only son of the late Col. Robert F. Maddox has likewise distinguished himself in the larger business and civic affairs of

1864

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

Atlanta, and as a banker in particular his name is not unknown in many diverse parts of the United States.
Born in Atlanta April 4, 1870, he was reared amid the surroundings of wealth and influence, but has justified his station in life by his own ability. He attended the Atlanta schools as a boy, later the University of Georgia up to 1887, and in that year entered Harvard University at Cambridge, Massa chusetts. Returning home after a college career, in 1889 he entered the Maddox-Rucker Banking Company in the capacity of collector. Since that time he has advanced through all the executive grades to the position of vice president. In 1908 the Maddox-Rucker Banking Company, which was founded by his father nearly thirty years before, was converted from a state bank into the American National Bank, the same officers being retained at the reorgani zation.
As one of Georgia's leading bankers, Mr. Maddox has served as president of the Georgia Bankers Association, as vice president of the American Bankers Association, and in May, 1915, was elected a member of the Executive Council of the American Bankers Association. He is vice president for the South of the United States Chamber of Commerce and has served two terms as presi dent of the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce. His interests outside of banking are large and extensive and connect him with many commercial enterprises in the South. He is a director in the Georgia Railway & Power Company, the Seaboard Air Line Railway Company, the Old Dominion Guano Company, the Maddox-Rucker Company, the Trust Company of Georgia, and the Pratt Laboratory. He has served as a director in many of the fairs and exposi tions held in Atlanta, and has taken an active part in all civic enterprises. He is a trustee of the Martha Berry School and of Vanderbilt University. In 1906 he was elected member of the Board of Commissioners of Roads and Revenues of Fulton County. However, the public service by which his name is most closely identified with the history of Atlanta began in 1908. At that time there was a crisis in Atlanta's affairs, and at a large mass meeting of the leading citizens Mr. Maddox was nominated mayor and after one of the most exciting campaigns of three weeks in the political annals of the city he was overwhelmingly elected. During his term, 1909 and 1910, he gave to Atlanta's government all the vigorous qualities which have characterized his business career, an unceasing vigilance in behalf of its best interests, and a personal integrity that made the office one of real dignity and service. Though urged to stand for re-election, which was assured without opposition, Mr. Maddox felt that many of the objects for which his first campaign had been waged had been accomplished and that his business interests demanded he give them his time and attention, and he therefore declined a second term. How well appreciated was his administration of the mayor's office is indicated by the fact that on his retiring he was presented with a handsome silver service of twenty-five pieces, bought with the proceeds of a popular subscription.
Mr. Maddox was president of the Capital City Club in 1912-13, and is a member of the University, Piedmont Driving, Druid Hills and Atlanta Athletic clubs. He is a stanch supporter of the democratic party, is affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, is a Mason and Shriner and belongs to the First Methodist Episcopal Church South.
The home of Mr. Maddox, said to be one of the most beautiful residences in the South, is named Woodhaven, and is situated just outside the city limits of Atlanta. In June, 1895, he married Miss Lollie Baxter, daughter of Nathaniel and Laura (Lavender) Baxter, of Nashville, _ Tennessee. Her father, who represented one of the most prominent families in Tennessee, entered the Confederate army at the age of sixteen, served with credit to the end of the war, first in the artillery and for a time with the cavalry under Gen. N. B. Forrest. On returning to Nashville, he practiced law with his father, Judge Nathaniel Baxter, but subsequently was elected president of

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1865

the First National Bank of Nashville, which position he resigned to accept the presidency of the Tennessee Coal, Iron & Railway Company. He was the moving spirit in this organization in the establishment of the company's steel plants in the Birmingham district. In 1912 Mr. Baxter was president of the Tennessee State Senate. He died at Nashville in October, 1913.
Mr and Mrs, Maddox have two children: Robert Foster, Jr., and
Nathaniel'Baxter Maddox.

NATHANIEL J. HAMMOND was born in Elbert County, Georgia, December

26 1833 and died at his home in Atlanta, Georgia, April 20, 1899. For the

last thirty-nve years of his life he was a leader of the bar and one of the

most prominent men of Georgia.

_

1 His boyhood was spent at Culloden in Monroe County, where he acquired

the fundamentals of an education. He entered the University of Georgia in

1850 and was graduated in 1852 with honors. He read law and was admitted

to the bar in 1853. From his admission to the bar up to 1882 he practiced law

with his father under the firm name of A. W. Hammond and Son. In 1886,

he formed a partnership with his son under the firm name of N. J. and T. A.

Hammond. This partnership continued for the remainder of his life.

From 1861 to 1865 he served as solicitor-general of the Atlanta Circuit.

In 1865 he served as a delgate in the Constitutional Convention of that year,

and later in the same year he became reporter of the Supreme Court and held

that position until 1872,. when he resigned to accept the attorney-generalship

of the state, which he held until 1877. In 1877, he was a member of the

Constitutional Convention, which formulated the organic law under which

the state now operates. In that convention he was a conspicuous figure.

In 1877, upon the death of Judge Woods, the bar of Georgia, in' most compli

mentary terms, recommended Mr. Hammond as his successor on the bench

of the Supreme Court of the United States.

In 1879 he was first elected to the Federal Congress as a democrat. His

first entry into Congress was as a member of the Forty-sixth Congress, and he

was re-elected to the Forty-seventh, Forty-eighth and Forty-ninth congresses.

His congressional career extended from March, 1879 to March, 1887.

In 1891-92 he was a member of the commission which adjusted the con

troversy between the state and the lessees of the Western and Atlantic Rail

road on the expiration of the lease in 1890. His fellow commissioners selected

him as chairman of the board; and when the service was finished signified by

formal resolution their approval and appreciation of his able, faithful,

laborious and conscientious discharge of duty. Prior to his entry into

Congress, he represented many great corporations. After his retirement

from Congress, his practice was most varied. He served for many years as

a member of the board of education for the City of Atlanta, and was for

twenty-five years one of the trustees of the University of Georgia, being chair

man of the board at the time of his death, and for a number of years pre

viously. He was president of the board of trustees of the Atlanta College of

Physicians and Surgeons, and his last public appearance was in connection

with that institution, when in his representative capacity he delivered an

address in the Grand Opera House in Atlanta.

JOSHUA HILL, a lawyer and congressman, was born in Abbeville District, South Carolina, January 10, 1812. He was admitted to the bar in 1838, and located for practice at Monticello, Jasper County, Georgia. Ten years after ward he moved to Madison, Morgan County. He was an old-line whig and as a member of that party was elected first to represent Georgia in the House of Representatives of the United States Congress in 1857, and re-elected in 1859 and 1861. During the troublous times of 1860-1861, when Lincoln was elected, Mr. Hill was an open and pronounced Union man, opposing secession

1866

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

with might and main. When on the 23d of January, 1861, soon after the State of Georgia in convention passed the secession act, Mr. Hill did not hesitate to declare that he believed the State of Georgia had no such right. At that time he was in Washington City, as one of her representatives. All the representatives from Georgia at once withdrew from that body except Mr. Hill.
Mr. Hill's position was by no means kept a secret at any time during the late Civil war, and upon the issues he represented his friends, in 1864, placed him before the people as a candidate for governor of Georgia, After the war, early in 1866, he was appointed collector of customs at the port of Savannah, which position he held for one year, resigning to accept that of registrar in bankruptcy, which position he held three or four years, rendering much valuable and kindly service to many unfortunate debtors.
During the session of the Georgia Legislature in 1868 Joshua Hill and H. V. M. Miller were elected to represent Georgia in the United States Senate. When these gentlemen appeared and applied for seats they were refused, although the, members to the lower house who were elected a-t the same time were at once admitted. About the time these gentlemen applied for seats the Georgia Legislature had proceeded to expel its negro members, con sequently at the election the United States Senate claimed that these men had not received the majority of votes, consequently were not legally elected. Soon after this, however, the Legislature saw fit to ratify the fifteenth amendment, so that this act entitled the sovereignty of the state to be recognized. Hence, as Georgia had become a state, Messrs. Hill and Miller were admitted to seats in the United States Senate early in 1870. In 1877 Mr. Hill's friends in Morgan County elected him a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention.
Mr. Hill died at his home in Madison, March 6,1891. Having enjoyed the reception of many large fees in important cases, he left quite an estate. When in Washington City he made some wise investments which enhanced very much in value. With these belongings and his investments in Georgia, he is said to have left an estate of at least $500,000, a very fit ending of the career of a seventeen-year-old boy who walked the most of his way to Georgia.

GEORGE WINSHIP of Atlanta died at Sarasota, Florida, April 11, 1916. Thus came to a close a long and beautiful life, full of good deeds as of years. It is fortunate that the record of his long life can be written largely in the words of an eminent biographer, Bishop Warren A. Candler, and the follow ing paragraphs are taken from what Bishop Candler wrote of him both before and after his death.
He was a well bred man, for in his veins mingled the -blood of the best stock of the New England Puritan and the Virginia Cavalier. His parents were Joseph and Emily (Hutchings) Winship. On his father's side his earli est American ancestor was Edward Winship, who came from England early in 1634 and settled at Cambridge, Massachusetts. He was one of the original members of the "Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company" of Boston, having been recruited for that company in 1638. He was also selectman from 1637 to 1654, and representative for the year 1663-1664 and 1681-1686. The descendants of Edward Winship and the ancestors of George Winship served with distinction in the Indian wars of Colonial times and in the
Revolutionary war. On his mother's side Mr. Winship's earliest American ancestor was
Rev. Houte Wyatt, who came from England in the good ship George, land ing at Jamestown, Virginia, October, 1621, in company with his brother, Sir Francis Wyatt, the governor of Jamestown, and becoming minister to the governor during his first administration. Among other ancestors of Mr. Winship's mother were John Hutchings of Norfolk, one of the signers of the charter of that city granted in 1735, and John Bonner and Richard Gate,

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1867

who were heads of old Virginia families well known and highly honored before and during the Revolutionary period.
If there be anything in heredity, the strong, brave, devout man that he was might have been expected from such an ancestry.
George Winship was thrice married; first to Mary Eugenia Speer on November 14, 1860, by whom four children were born to him; second, to Lula Lane, October 14, 1879, by whom two children were born; third, to Elizabeth Thiot (widow of J. H. Bailey) who bore him one child.
Mr. Winship received his education in the village academy at Clinton, Georgia, at which place he lived until he was seventeen years of age, when he came to Atlanta and entered the iron works of his father, where he learned the machinist's trade. There he fixed those habits of life, as well as acquired
the skill, by which his success was won. His principal business was that of manufacturer, mainly as a manufac
turer of cotton ginning machinery in the same place where he learned the machinist's trade. Besides success in that branch of commerce he was drawn, by reason of his great financial ability into a number of other lines. He was a director for many years of two building and loan associations. He was also a director of the Atlanta Home Insurance Company from its organiza tion, of which he was vice president and president. When the Trust Com pany of Georgia was organized he was made a director, and for many years served on its executive committee and as its vice president and president. He was also a director of the Merchants Bank of Atlanta, and when that corporation was liquidated he was one of the receivers appointed to wind up its_ affairs. He was also president of the Atlanta Banking and Savings Company and a director of the Atlantic Ice and Coal Corporation.
While he was eminently successful as a business man he did not limit his efforts to personal and private ends. He served well many public inter ests, and his unselfish devotion to the good of others was as marked as the ability with which he managed, great enterprises and the modesty with which
he lived a spotless Christian life. He served gallantly in the Confederate army as a member of Cobb's
Legion from the spring of 1862 to the end of the war between the states. He never sought or accepted political office, but as jury commissioner of Fulton County for twelve years, and as water commissioner of the City of Atlanta for eight years rendered most valuable services. He was a trustee of Emory College, Oxford, Georgia, for many years, and made generous gifts for the betterment of 'that old and honored foundation for Christian learning. He was also a trustee, of the Georgia State School of Technology, bringing to the service of that institution the technical skill acquired in youth and the financial wisdom and administrative ability of his maturer years. He was one of the founders of the Wesley Memorial Church and the Wesley Memorial Hospital in Atlanta, was a trustee of both and left to the former a bequest of $5,000 and to the latter $10,000. To the Methodist Orphans' Home at Decatur also he left $5,000.
From his youth he was a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, being an official of the First Methodist Church of Atlanta for more than fifty years. No enterprise of his church ever escaped his attention or failed to receive aid from his generous hands. Besides the gifts to the insti tutions which have been mentioned, he left legacies to Young Harris College and the Reinhardt Normal College amounting to $10,000. His deeds of private generosity no man could number. He went about doing good, as did
the Lord whom he loved and served. But towering above all that he did was what he was. He was greatest in
his splendid, spotless character. Virtue seemed easy to him. He lived the life of a Christian man without straining to maintain it. His industry, punctuality, integrity, modesty, charity and faith seemed matters of second

1868

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

nature to him. In small things and great he seemed to have vast stores of mental and moral power in reserve. In the doing of all his duties he was never in a hurry and never behind time. He was in every sense of the word a Methodist; for there was nothing of disorderliness in his makeup. He was a man of massive simplicity, whose character was also adorned by a thousand tender graces which drew all hearts to him. In his city and his church there was no more beloved man and no man who deserved to be loved more.
A more perfectly rounded man I have 'never known. There was a splendid congruity between all the elements of his admirable personality. His robust, manly form was a suitable habitation of the broad mind and generous soul which dwelt within it. His virtues never ran to compromise nor fanaticism; they looked as if they were carefully intended and carried to perfection with the precision of an artist's hand. In every relation of life, private and public, he was four square and faultless. If he had human infirmities, as all men have, they were so minor when compared with his virtues that those who knew him best found it hard to see them. The writer of this sketch (Bishop Candler) has known him many years and has heard him mentioned in many circles of men; but he has never heard an ill word said of him. Criticising adversely George Winship, would be certain self-condemnation in the City of Atlanta where he lived more than fifty years. At the sight of him affectionate approval rose in the heart and-terms of eulogy fell from the lips of men who had eyes to perceive and hearts to love genuine and unostentatious goodness.
The five living children of the late Mr. Winship are: Frances, now the wife of Robert Taylor of Baltimore, Maryland; Cora, wife of James H. Nunnally of Atlanta; George Winship, Jr., and Joseph Winship, both promi nently identified with Atlanta manufacturing; and Charles Thiot Winship. The two daughters are the children of Mr. Winship's first wife, while the two oldest sons, George and Joseph, were born to his second marriage, the youngest child being of his last marriage. *

ARTHUR G. HOBBS, M. D. In the work of his profession this well known and specially successful physician and surgeon realized the consistency and expediency of concentration of effort and thus he has given his attention almost exclusively to the diagnosis and treatment of the diseases of the eye and ear. He became one of the representative oculists and aurists of the South, controlled a large and important practice and maintains his residence and professional headquarters in the City of Atlanta, his offices being in the Candler Building.
Now Hearing the half-century mile-post on the journey of life, Doctor Hobbs has made the passing years count in large and beneficent achievement in his chosen profession and is known as a man of high intellectual attain ments as well as of great discernment and skill in his chosen vocation, but he has recently retired from an active practice and devotes the greater part of his time to his literary contributions. Doctor Hobbs was born in the State of Kentucky, in which fine old commonwealth his father was long and success fully engaged in the practice of medicine, so that the son may have inherited a distinct predilection for the exacting calling that was signally dignified by the character and services of his honored father. After completing his academic studies he was for a time a student in Center College,, in Kentucky, and finally he was matriculated in the medical department of Louisville Uni versity, in which institution he completed the prescribed three years' course and was graduated with the degree of Doctor of Medicine. Concerning the earlier stages of, his professional career the following statements have been made and they are worthy of perpetuation in this connection:
"Dr. Hobbs' ambition was finally to confine his practice to the treat-

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1869

ment of the diseases of the eye, ear, nose and throat, but he realized the expediency of' fortifying himself first by a period of service as a general practitioner. Accordingly he established his residence at Petersburg, Indiana, a village about fifty miles distant from his old home in Kentucky, and there he continued in successful general practice about three years. He then went to the city of New York and took a most effective post-graduate series of courses and work appertaining to the disorders of the eye, ear, nose and throat. He incidentally availed himself also of the clinics of the great hospitals of the national metropolis and thus added materially to his knowledge of the special line of professional work to which he has long devoted himself and in which he has gained authoritative status as well as unequivocal success. In the city of New York Dr. Hobbs studies under the direction of such eminent physicians as Drs. Noyes, Agnew, Bosworth, Heitzman and Mittendorf. In later years he has further studied and investigated along his special line of practice, and his work has been thus carried forward under the direction of the most distinguished oculists, aurists and rhinologists both in America and in Europe, he having passed a year in study abroad, and that under most
favorable auspices," Doctor Hobbs established his residence in the city of Atlanta in the year
1881, and here he has continued in successful practice as a specialist in the treatment of the diseases of the eye and ear, as well as the nost and throat, during the long intervening period of more than thirty years. He built up within an incredibly short time a substantial and representative practice and he has long held status as one of the representative members of his profession in the fair metropolis and capital city of Georgia, his sterling character and distinguished achievement having given to him inviolable vantage-place in
popular confidence and esteem.
In 1914, owing to the sickness of his son, Victor, Doctor Hobbs gave up the most of his practice to take care of this son, who died 1916. The Doctor now devotes most of his time to writing, contributing articles and stories for magazines and he has also written two novels, not yet published. Although he still maintains his office he practices but little, giving the most of his time to his literary work.
For ten years Doctor Hobbs served as a valued and popular member of the faculty of the Southern Medical College of Atlanta, in which he held the chair of diseases of the eye, ear and throat. He resigned this position only when the exigent demands of his private practice rendered this action virtually imperative. In 1891, at its convention held in the City of Chicago, Doctor Hobbs had the distinction of being elected president of the American Rhinological Association, besides having been the youngest member ever thus hon ored by the association and the only one from the South. He is actively identified with many other of the leading professional organizations of the United States, including the American Medical Society, and he is an active and valued member of the Georgia State Medical Association and the Fulton County Medical Society. A writer of much versatility, Doctor Hobbs has made many valuable contributions to the literature of his profession and also to other scientific publications. He continued to be an indefatigable and appreciative student and kept in the front rank of his profession both in diversity and comprehensiveness of scientific knowledge and also in the appli cation of the same in the alleviation of human suffering or affliction. The practice of Doctor Hobbs was almost entirely confined to office work, and he rarely left his headquarters to visit patients, save for the purpose of perform ing operations in his special field of practice or when called into consultation by professional confreres. It has consistently been said that '' Scores crowd his reception room daily and an idle moment during his office hours is a rare thing."
In the year 1882 was solemnized the marriage of Doctor Hobbs to Miss

1870

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

Lillie Hendricks, a niece of the late Hon. Thomas A. Hendricks, of Indianap
olis, Indiana, who was the Democratic candidate for vice-president of the United States in the campaign of 1876. Mrs. Hobbs is a popular figure in the social life of the Georgia metropolis and is a gracious chatelaine of her attractive home.

FRANCIS HODGSON ORME, M. D. Perhaps the last man in the world to have laid claim to heroism, was .the late Dr. Francis Hodgson Orme, who, for over a half century was an honored and beloved resident of Atlanta. He was admired as an able member of a noble profession and as a man of broad view and enlightened understanding, but he was venerated when the heroic story was told of his faithful, devoted, unselfish work in a plague beset city, from which every soul had fled that could leave. At that time a mere youth in years, with but little practical experience to support him in a time of such grave danger, he nevertheless, faltered not in the path of duty, and his name is engraved on the page of history, as one of the pitifully small number of medical men whose heroic efforts proved so invaluable in the great yellow fever epidemic of 1854-55, at Savannah. Later life brought him many other dangerous situations to face, but none ever more completely proved the moral fiber of the man or illustrated better the devotion he felt for his profession and its meaning.
Francis Hodgson Orme was born in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, Jan uary 6, 1834, and died at Atlanta, Georgia, January 28, 1913. His father, Archibald Orme, died when he was six years old, three other of his children surviving him, but now-all deceased: Aquilla Johns Orme, Mrs. J. "W. Cul-
pepper, and William Priestley Orme, all once of Atlanta, the last named being very prominent in railroad circles.
It is not difficult to trace the Orme ancestry as for five generations it belonged to Maryland. The first of the name, Robert Orme, came to America in the seventeenth century. Col. Archibald Orme, the great-grandfather of Doctor Orme, was an officer during the Revolutionary Avar, as was also an other ancestor, Col. Richard McAllister. The maternal great-grandfather of Doctor Orme was Dr. Joseph Priestley, an English natural philosopher who became famous. He made many discoveries with regard to the prop erties of fixed 'air and in 1776 he communicated to the Royal Society his observations on respiration, in which he first experimentally ascertained that the air parts with its oxygen to the blood as it passes through the lungs. This learned body gave him lasting credit for his careful experiments and conclusions, and he was made a member of the Royal Society. He also discovered oxygen gas. In 1794 he came to the United States and died at Northumberland, Pennsylvania, in 1804.
After the death of her husband, the mother of Doctor Orme removed with her children to Milledgeville, Georgia, where Francis was placed under the care of his uncle, R. M. Orme, at that time the well known editor of the Southern Recorder. He impressed his family with his alertness of intellect and was afforded instruction from private tutors and in several academies, and in 1850, having shown a decided preference for the science of medicine, was accepted as a student by Dr. -James B. Gilbert, at Savannah, where he closely applied himself and later became a student in the^ medical depart ment of the University of New York, from which he was creditably graduated,
with his diploma, in 1854. Doctor Orme was then but twenty years of age. He returned to Savannah
and formed a partnership with his preceptor's successor, Dr. W. H. Banks, with bright prospects and every assurance of professional success ahead of
him. Then came the epidemic that has many times devastated the fair South, the scourge of yellow fever. Only those who have passed through a test of courage of this kind can speak authoritatively of true heroism. During two

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1871

weeks of the most alarming stage of the epidemic, Doctor Orme was the only one of five homeopathic physicians of the city who was able to attend to patients and the strain became too great. For ten days afterward he was prostrate' himself with the fever but he recovered although at this time eight physicians and two medical students of the city succumbed.
In 1861 Doctor Orme moved to Atlanta and this city continued his home during the rest of his most active and useful life. At the time he accepted the homeopathic system of practice, there were very few practitioners of it in the South but he lived to see its wonderful spread and to assist in its remarkable achievements. He became a member of the American Institute of Homeopathy in 1859 and in 1887 his colleagues elected him to the presidency of that body, conferring on him the highest honor in their gift. His address upon the opening of the annual session is remembered as a masterful exposi
tion of homeopathy, abounding in facts, a document lucid, learned and informatory. On other occasions Doctor Orme was honored by his professional brethren and by other organized bodies. In 1878 the president of the Amer ican Institute of Homeopathy appointed a committee of eleven prominent physicians of this school, chiefly yellow fever experts, to meet in the City of New Orleans, and, as a scientific body, to investigate yellow fever especially in regard to the efficacy of homeopathic treatment for the same.
Earnest in his devotion to his profession all his life, he never admitted disturbing influences, in the way of politics or commercial projects to any large part of his consideraton. He was by no means ,a recluse or pedant but l his interests were so distinctively in the line of his profession that he had to be recognized first of all as a physician and later as a learned author and polished public speaker.
Doctor Orme was married in 1867 to Miss Ellen, Vail "Woodward, who survives and resides in a charming home at No. 233 Ponce de Leon Avenue, Atlanta. Mrs. Orme comes of a very ancient American family and is a member of the Daughters of the American Revolution and the Society of the Colonial Dames. On both sides her ancestors took part in the Revolutionary war, and her great-grandfather, Capt. Benjamin Vail, was killed in the battle of Minisink, while in command of a company. One daughter was born to Doctor and Mrs. Orme, Elizabeth "Woodward, and one son, Frank. The latter is married and resides with his family at Atlanta, where he is in business. The former married Francis C. Block, who died in 1908.
In marked degree Doctor Orme commanded the respect and enjoyed the esteem and friendship of different schools of medicine from his own, having always been sincere and open-minded and in discussion dignified and courteous. More than once his associates spoke of him as able and influential not only as an exponent of the science of medicine but* also as a man, his exemplary character, his public and private speech, his acts as well as his precepts, all having an uplifting influence. His beneficent life was given to the service^of humanity.

AQUILLA JOHNS ORME, one of the representative attorneys of Atlanta, has been engaged in active practice in this city during a period of twenty-one years, in which time he has gained a substantial reputation as a close student of the law and a painstaking, able and thoroughly reliable lawyer. He has the added distinction of being a native son of Atlanta, and was born April 30, 1874, his parents being Aquilla Johns Orme, Sr., born at Dauphin, Penn sylvania, January 23, 1838, and Kate (Harman) Orme, born at Forsyth, Georgia, February 19, 1850.
The original ancestor of the Orme family in America was the Rev. John Orme, D. V. M., who was born in England, in 1691, and came to America in 1720, in answer to an appeal made by the Presbyterians of this country to the Presbyterian synod of England, and continued actively in the work of / the ministry until the time of his death. In the ancestral line of Mr. Orme,
Vol. IV--3

1872

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

Col. Archibald Orme and Col. Richard McAllister were gallant officers in the Continental forces during the War of the Revolution, and Mr. Orme is a
descendant also of Ninian Beall, who served in the earlier Colonial wars, while his paternal grandfather, Archibald Orme, was a soldier during the War of 1812. Aquilla Johns Orme, Sr., enlisted in 1861 as a soldier in the army of the Confederacy, becoming quartermaster's guard in the First Georgia Infantry. He took part in all the engagements in which that regiment par ticipated, and was one of the number lost on the Laurel Hill retreat, when
he was compelled to go six days without food. In the maternal line/Mr. Orme is a grandson of Zachariah Edward and
Apsyllah Anne Harman, the former of whom was a distinguished lawyer of his day and locality, and a great-grandson of Zachariah Harman, who served as a soldier during our second war with England. He is also descended from Capt. John Holmes, Capt. William Bentley and John Milner, each of whom was an American officer in the Revolutionary war, and of John Nilner, who
was a soldier during the Colonial wars.
The rudimentary education of Aquilla Johns Orme was obtained in the public schools of Atlanta, and subsequently he entered the Virginia Military Institute, at Lexington, Virginia, from which he was graduated in 1893. At that time, under excellent preceptorship, he took up the study of his chosen profession, the law, and made such rapid progress therein that he was admitted to the bar of his native state in the following year. He at once entered practice at Atlanta, and this city has continued to be -his field of endeavor as well as his home. Mr. Orme has been connected with much important litigation, his success in which has won him an established position among the strong and forceful lawyers of a city which does not lack for legal talent of the highest order. His practice is of a very important and desirable nature, and his fellow-practitioners acknowledge him as a worthy opponent. In 1903 Mr. Orme was appointed by Gov. Joseph M. Terrell to the office of solicitor of the Criminal Court of Atlanta, a position in which he
discharged the duties capably and conscientiously. Professionally, Mr. Orme is affiliated with the Georgia Bar Association.
Both in business and social circles of Atlanta he enjoys a wide acquaintance and has numerous friends, and he enjoys distinctive popularity among his fellow-members in the Capital City Club and the Piedmont Driving Club. On attaining manhood he gave his allegiance to the democratic party, and while he has never been an active politician, has always supported its candi dates and policies. His co-operation may always be counted upon in move ments making for civic advancement. Mr. Orme is a member of the First Baptist Church, and holds membership on its finance committee.
On April 6, 1899, Mr. Orme was united in marriage with Miss Callie ,'Cobb Jackson, daughter of Henry and Sally (Cobb) Jackson, of Athens,
Georgia, and four children have been born to this union, as follows: Aquilla Johns, Jr., born March 22, 1900; Sarah Cobb, born August 20, 1902; Callie Jackson, born January 13, 1905; and Cornelia Jackson, born March 14, 1911.

HOWELL COBB, solicitor-general; six times member of Congress; speaker of the United States House of Representatives; governor of Georgia; secretary of the treasury; president of the Provincial Congress of the Confederate States; colonel, brigadier-general and major-general in the Confederate army, was born at Cherry Hill, Jefferson County, Georgia, September 7, 1815. At, the time there were few school facilities in Georgia, and in order to give his children educational advantages, Col. John A. Cobb moved to Athens, where later his son, Howell, entered college and graduated in 1834. As there were no law schools in the state, he entered the office of Gen. William Harden, a distinguished lawyer with a large practice. He was admitted to practice in 1836 and located at Athens, He was elected solicitor-general of the Western
Circuit, but on account of the prevailing whig majority failed of re-election

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1873

in 1840. But although barely twenty-five years of age he was elected as a democrat to the Twenty-eighth Congress, having as one of the fellow con
gressmen, Alexander H. Stephens. In December, 1849, he was elected speaker of the House of Representatives, being then only thirty-four years of age.
The session lasted from December 3, 1849, until September 30,, 1850. It was not only one of the longest, but one of the most exciting in our history, for during that Thirtieth Congress! Mr. Clay, on his return to the Senate, introduced what has since been called the ''Compromise of 1850,"'which, as amended, provided that California should be admitted, although its consti
tution prohibited slavery; that the balance of the territory acquired from Texas should be divided into territories without the Wilmot Proviso; that the slave trade, but not slavery, should be prohibited in the District of Colum bia, and that effectual provisions for the rendition of fugitive slaves should
be enacted and enforced. His support of the compromise measure brought him the enmity of the radical state rights democrats. He refused to be a candidate for re-election, but was chosen governor as a vindication of his congressional career. He served one term.
In 1852 he had a correspondence with Governor Means, of South Carolina, as to the boundary line between the two states, in which Governor Cobb took the position, still generally accepted by those who live on the eastern border, that the Georgia line extends to the low water mark on the Carolina side of
the Savannah River. At the expiration of his term of office Governor Cobb entered upon the
practice of law, to which he devoted himself for the next three years, though at the request of party leaders he made several addresses at the North in support of Franklin Pierce, democratic nominee for President. He was not, however, allowed to remain in private life, and in 1855 was re-elected to Congress, serving on the committee of ways and means, and putting forth all of his energies and influence in an attempt to avert the threatened conflict between the two sections. He supported Buchanan, and in September, 1856, made a speech in Westchester, Pennsylvania, in which he contended for the right of Kansas and Nebraska to determine each for themselves whether slavery should or should not be recognized within its limits.
On his election'in 1856 President Buchanan tendered Mr. Cobb the position of secretary of the treasury, an appointment which was'heartily approved by the party and the public in the confident expectation that he would be the master spirit and dominating mind of the cabinet.
In December, 1860, when President Buchanan read the message which he proposed to submit to the approaching session of Congress, a difference arose in the cabinet because of the President's denial therein of the right of seces sion. Mr. Cobb objected to that portion of the message. Jeremiah Black, and other members of the cabinet, supported the President, who sent the message to Congress December 4, 1860. Mr. Cobb, on December 8, 1860, tendered his resignation as secretary of the treasury, and thenceforward
history was rapidly made. He was subsequently selected as a delegate to Provincial Congress of the Confederate States, which met at Montgomery, Alabama, in February, 1861, and was selected as president of that body. Still later he raised a regiment for the Confederacy and his gallantry and ability advanced him from a colonelcy to the rank of major-general.
At the termination of the war, and on his release on parole, General Cobb: returned to his family, who were then in Macon, and formed a partnership with James Jackson, afterwards chief justice of Georgia, for the practice of law. Following in the wake of the war and the destruction of property, there was an unexampled amount of litigation brought about by the upsetting of old institutions, and the creation of new problems. Although Mr. Cobb had long been out of the active practice of the profession, he soon had an immense business, and gave to it the same thoroughness of attention that

1874

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

had characterized him throughout his life. In the few years left him, he
made a number of able arguments, among which probably the most notable was in the Supreme Court on the Stay law, which Chief Justice Lumpkin declared to have been among the greatest of the many arguments to which he had listened while on that bench.
And thus, at fifty, he had again taken up his early profession, turning aside only to make his celebrated "Bush-Arbor Speech" in Atlanta, July 23, 1868, when he, General Toombs, B. J. Moses, and Senator Hill spoke to one of the greatest audiences that ever gathered in Georgia on the issues arising out of the war. .This was his last appearance before the people he had so long, served. He went north on a business trip, and while in conversa tion with his wife and Bishop Beckwith, in the Fifth Avenue Hotel, New York, he was suddenly stricken with apoplexy, and died October 9, 1868, without a word.

JESSE MORGAN WOOD. While his excellent work as a lawyer at Atlanta during the past twelve years has been the basis of his career, Jesse M. Wood, who is a member of the firm of Napier, Wright & Wood, is also well known in municipal affairs, is a member of the city council at the present time, and during the past four years has in many ways impressed his influence and ability upon municipal life.
His is one of the oldest families in the section of Georgia immediately surrounding the capital city. Jesse Morgan Wood was born in Atlanta March 17, 1879, a son of Moses and Julia Ann (Walker) Wood. The Wood family was of Irish and the Walkers of Welsh stock. Both the Wood and Walker families were pioneers in Fulton County. The paternal grandfather, Jesse Wood, came to Georgia from the Anderson district of South Carolina in 1822, and settled on a farm in what is now Fulton County but was then Henry County. A portion of that farm is now inside the corporate limits of Atlanta. His settlement there was many years in advance of Atlanta's beginning as a town. Jesse Wood spent the rest of his days in Fulton County, and he died during the '80s. For many years he served on the board of trustees of the First Methodist Episcopal Church of Atlanta when its house of worship stood on the present site of the Candler Building. Moses Wood and his wife Miss Walker were both born in Atlanta and are still living in that city. The father served throughout the entire four years of the war between the states, and is now living retired in his eighty-first year, having long been identified with the real estate business. Both he and his wife, who is now in her seventyninth year, are still in vigorous health.
The sixth in a family of seven children, five sons and two daughters, of whom three sons and two daughters are living, Jesse Morgan Wood is the only son whose home is in Atlanta, and that city has been his home ever since birth. He attended the public schools, graduating from high school in 1897, and in the fall of the same year entered the sophomore class of Emory College at Oxford, Georgia, where after spending three years hfe was graduated A. B. in 1900, standing seventh in a class of fifty young men. While in college he was a member of the Phi Delta Theta fraternity.
The three years after leaving college Mr. Wood spent as principal of the Osceola High School at Kissimmee, Florida. By teaching he also carried on his law studies and in 1903 was admitted to the bar at Kissimmee, but imme diately came to Atlanta and took up the practice of his profession, to which he has been closely devoted ever since. He is now junior member of the firm of Napier, Wright & Wood, his senior partners being George M. Napier and James T. Wright. This is one of the best known law firms in the capital city, and has large offices on the twelfth floor of the Atlanta National Bank
Building. Mr. Wood is a member of the Atlanta Bar Association and- served two

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1875

years as its secretary. He is a member of the Methodist Church and a demo crat in politics. In 1911 he was elected by the Sixth Ward as a member of the city council and was again returned to that body in 1913. He is con sidered one of the most valuable workers in the council, and has taken a very active part in the city's legislation during the past four years, having served on every important committee. In Masonry he belongs to various York Rite bodies, is past master of Capitol City Lodge No. 642, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, a lodge which he helped to organize and of which he became the first worshipful master. He is also affiliated with the Royal Arch, Knights Templar and the Mystic Shrine. He is past chancellor of Delphi Lodge No. 68 of the Knights of Pythias. Other membership relations are with the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce, the Capitol City Club and the Atlanta Athletic Club.
On June 7, 1905, Mr. Wood married Miss Mamie Lewis Hicks of Kissimmee, Florida, daughter of Dr. Milton J. Hicks, a prominent physician of that place. Mr. and Mrs. Wood have two sons: Milton Hicks Wood, born October 22,1906 and Jesse Morgan "Wood, Jr., born July 19,1915.

HENRY M. WOOD. An old adage says, "Heaven helps those who help themselves," and so we find it the rule in every community that the most successful men are those who are the most energetic and self reliant. The kind of success thus attained is more satisfactory, on the whole, than that which comes fortuitously and without personal effort, as it builds up and strengthens the character of the man instead of weakening it. A good ex ample of self-made man may be found in Henry M. Wood, clerk of the' Board of Fulton County Commissioners, who has been a resident of Atlanta for about a quarter of a century, Mr. Wood was born in Columbia County, Florida, April 3, 1860, a son of James and Emily (Hightower) Wood. The father, James Wood, was born of English parentage on one of the Thousand . Islands in the St. Lawrence River, and came to Georgia with his parents when about ten years of age, the family locating at Elberton, in Elbert County. James Wood later removed to Columbia County, but at a still later period returned to Georgia in time to serve four years in the Confederate States' army with a Georgia command. After the war he located at Macon, where for many years he was cashier of the City Bank. He died about thirty-five years ago. His wife, Emily Hightower Wood, was born in Pike County, Georgia, and reared near Barnesvi'lle in that county, in the vicinity of what was known as the Hightower Mills, which belonged to her father. The Hightower family of Pike and Upson counties, of which she was a member, was one of the most prominent in that vicinity prior to the war, owning large plantations and large numbers of slaves. She died in 1892.
Henry M. Wood, who is now the only living child of his parents, was reared and educated at Macon, Georgia. Being a mere boy when his father died, and the only son, he was compelled to go to work at an early age. to help earn a living for himself, his mother and his three sisters. Owing to this cause he was able to attend school not over one year in his life and never attended a business college; yet, in spite of this lack of early educational advantages, he has the reputation today of being one of the finest and most expert accountants in all the State of Georgia. He is now serving his eighth two-year term as clerk of the Board of Fulton County Commissioners, and during his sixteen years' service as such has made for himself a name as an expert bookkeeper and accountant of which any man might be proud. His work, which was especially heavy during the building of the new million dollar Fulton County courthouse, is a model of neatness and accuracy, and has been so thoroughly satisfactory in every way that he has been re-elected to his position without opposition. Before coming to Atlanta in 1890 Mr! Wood spent three years in the auditor's office of the Central of Georgia Railroad,

1876

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

at Savannah, and it was there that he became a trained accountant. After coming to Atlanta at the date mentioned he was chief clerk in the Central of Georgia general freight office for nearly ten years before assuming the duties of his present position. In politics he is a democrat. Mr. Wood is past master of Atlanta Lodge No. 59, Free and Accepted Masons; past master and secretary of Piedmont Lodge No. 447, Free and Accepted Masons, which he helped to organize in 1902, becoming its first master, and which is now the second largest Masonic Lodge in> Georgia, the Gate City Lodge of Atlanta being the only one that is larger; past high priest of Mount Zion Chapter, Royal Arch Masons; member of Jason Burr Council, Royal and Select Masters; Atlanta Commandery, Knights Templar, and Yaraab Temple of the Mystic Shrine, all of Atlanta.
On December 15,1892, Mr. Wood was united in marriage with Miss Annie Heywood of Atlanta, and they have three sons, James R., Henry H. and
Clifford Palmer. The two eldest are now young men, aged twenty-one and nineteen years respectively, while Clifford Palmer is now twelve years old.
Mr. Wood enjoys a happy home life and he and his family have many warm friends in Atlanta and the vicinity. His career shows the value of self help in the concentration of mind and effort toward a definite purpose.

THOMAS P. JANES, farmer, physician, and the first commissioner of agri culture of the State of Georgia, was born in Crawfordville, Taliaferro County, Georgia, in 1825. His father, Hon. Absalom Janes, at one time said to be- the most successful and extensive cotton planter in Middle Georgia, was for at least a quarter of a century a prominent Georgia legislator, having represented his county in the Lower House many terms consecutively, two or three terms without any opposition. In 1839 he moved to Penfield, the then site of "Mercer Institute," which afterwards developed into Mercer University. There Thomas P. obtained a partial collegiate education and afterwards secured the A. B. and M. D. degrees from Columbia University, Georgetown, Virginia.
Although thoroughly equipped for professional success, he preferred to engage in agricultural pursuits, and long before the advent of the Civil war, very much to the surprise of his neighbors and friends, he fully demonstrated the commercial value of the cotton seed as a fertilizer, and also was foremost in advocating the rotation of crops. But his most enduring work was the solid founding of the Georgia Department of Agriculture in his capacity as
its first commissioner, from 1874 to 1880.

HON. JOSEPH M. BROWN. The Brown family of Georgia have given the state two of its most noted governors. Joseph Emerson Brown was the great war governor of Georgia, and probably the most popular of Georgia's long line of chief-executives. Joseph M. Brown, his son, retired in 1913 from the governor's chair at Atlanta, and is now employing his capital and time in the pleasant pursuits of agriculture on a magnificent scale, with his home at Marietta. Mackey Brown, respectively the father and grandfather of these two Georgia governors, was a native of South Carolina, and saw active service during the War of 1812 under General Jackson at the battle of New Orleans. At the close of the war he married in Tennessee Miss Sally Rice, but later
returned with his family to South Carolina. Governor Joseph E. Brown was born in what was then Pickens District,
now Oconee County, South Carolina, April 15, 1821. From the home farm in that section the family removed to Union County, Georgia, and later to Lumpkin County, where they lived until 1859. In that year the family re moved to Cherokee County, where Mackey Brown died March 24, 1874, past the age of seventy-seven. He was born February 11, 1797. Throughout his life he was a hard working farmer and in only moderate circumstances,

';%fe:^!^?|!S^|i^;^liK
^^^::^fe^^^Mi^k^^A^^i^^2!^S^^^?^fe^<fie^^*^ifi^*sMBai

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1877

though he enjoyed the highest respect of every community where he lived.

He was a splendid type of the old time Christian, and an active worker in

the 'Baptist Church. His wife passed away six weeks after his death, also at

the age of seventy-seven. They had thirteen children, eight of whom grew

up, and Joseph E. was the third in order' of birth, and the oldest of those that

reached maturity.

'

Joseph Emerson Brown received his rudimentary education in the old

field schools of Georgia, but for ten months was a student in the Calhoun Acad

emy, of his native state. Beginning life as a school teacher at Canton, Geor

gia, he studied law by the light of pine knots, and lived with extreme frugality

in order to save sufficient money to enter Yale University. Through the kind

ness of Dr. John "W. Lewis, who supplied him with funds, he was able to con

tinue his studies in Yale until completing the law course at the age of twenty-,

four. Returning to Canton he took up practice in that town in 1845, and soon

attained high rank as a lawyer and gained prominence in public life, and was

one of the many great Georgians in the decade of the '50s. His first office

was that of state senator from the district comprising Cobb and Cherokee

counties, during 1855-56-57. He was then elected judge of the Blue Ridge

Circuit but in the fall of 1857 was nominated for governor of Georgia, and in

a spirited campaign defeated Benjamin H. Hill, and entered upon the long

est continuous service as governor in the records of the state. He held the

office four successive terms, and was the executive of the state throughout the

Civil war period. The state capital was then at Milledgeville. At the close

of his term as governor he resumed the 'practice of law in Atlanta, where he

located largely through his desire to give his children the best opportunities

for an education. In 1868 Governor Bullock appointed him chief justice of

the state, and he served 2y2 years, including portions of the years 1868 to

1870. He resigned from the supreme bench in 1870, having become interested

in the organization of the Western & Atlantic Railroad Company.

Governor Brown undertook the construction and management of this rail

road with characteristic vigor and on December 27, 1870, was elected presi

dent of the company, an office he held for twenty consecutive years. In July,

1880, he was appointed by Governor Colquitt to fill General Gordon's unex-

pired term in the United States Senate, and was subsequently elected by

the State Legislature, with a vote of 28 to 12 in the Senate, and 118 to 48 in

the House. In 1884 he was re-elected for the full term of six years, receiving

192 out of the 193 votes cast. He declined re-election as senator, and the

last few years of his life were spent in retirement. His death occurred Novem

ber 30, 1894. Governor Brown's gift of $50,000 to the State University at

Athens has furnished the means of an education to hundreds of struggling

young men. It is known as the Charles McDonald Brown Scholarship Fund,

so called in memory of a beloved son. The interest of this fund is loaned to

young men, and on repayment is added to the principal. At this time (1916)

it amounts to more than $170,000. Governor Brown was married July 13,

1847, to Miss Elizabeth Grisham, who was born in Pendleton County, South

Carolina, July 13, 1826, and died December 26, 1896. There were eight chil

dren : Julius Lewis, who was born May 31,1848, and died September 4, 1910 ;

Mary Virginia, wife of Dr. E. L. Connally of Atlanta; Governor Joseph M.,

bom December 28, 1851; Franklin Pierce Brown, who was born April 15,

1853, and named in honor of the then President of the United States, arid

died December 18, 1871; Elijah Alexander Brown, born September 4, 1855,

and a resident of Atlanta; Charles McDonald Brown, who died in August,

1882; Sally Eugenia, a resident of Atlanta; and George Marion Brown,' born

October 5, 1865, and a resident of Atlanta.

Joseph M. Brown was born in Cherokee County, Georgia, December 28,

1851. Though reared in a family of wealth and distinction, he early showed

1878

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

his independence and self reliance and made his career on the basis of individ ual merit rather than on the prestige of his father's name. He was educated in Oglethorpe University, graduated A. B. with the class of 1872, and took first honors of his class, his general average being 99% per cent. For one year he studied law in the office of his father and brother Julius, and was admitted to practice at Canton August 5,1873. In the fall of 1874 he entered Harvard University, and spent a portion of one year there, until the strain of continuous study impaired his eyesight and compelled him to spend two years in almost absolute retirement. Governor Brown speaks of those two years as the longest and most trying period of his life.
It was with great consideration and care that he chose his career. Hfe uncle by marriage, John H. Boston, advised him to take up railroading. His father was at that time president of the Western & Atlantic and was strongly opposed to the plan, thinking that his son was looking for an easy berth and
was not disposed to rely upon his own efforts. This, however, was not the case. Governor Brown has always been noted for the strength of his convic tions and his determination to continue along a course which his judgment
dictated, and without the knowledge of his father he wrote to Col. E. W. Cole, president of the Nashville & Chattanooga Railroad, applying for a minor position, and requesting Colonel Cole not to consider his relationship or friendship with Governor Brown in assigning him a place in the railway service. Before any definite results had come from this communication with Colonel Cole, Mr. Brown's mother intervened in the situation. Her course of reasoning was that for a father, who had served four terms as governor and for a number of years as president of a railroad, to refuse the request of his own son for a position on his road would be looked upon as a judgment that the son was incompetent. Governor Brown was soon brought to perceive that his son had no desire for a soft job with a good salary, but was actually in earnest in his determination to begin railroading at the bottom. The son was eventually offered his choice between a position as ticket auditor at $90 a month or a clerkship at $40 per month. He accepted the latter, and in Feb ruary, 1877, entered the offices of the Western & Atlantic Railway as a com mon clerk and with the desire to prove his ability without favoritism, ten months later he was promoted to railroad freight conductor, with a run last ing eleven hours each day. Six months later occurred a vacancy in the reshipping department, and while filling the duties of that office he also worked over time three days each week in rechecking the bills of the Louisville & Nash ville Railroad. During the yellow fever plague in Chattanooga Mr. Brown was appointed assistant claim agent for the Western & Atlantic Railroad, and four months later was advanced to claim agent. Governor Brown says that it was the proudest moment of his life when he began signing his name " J. M. B., !. A." and his satisfaction, in that distinction was not surpassed when he signed his first paper as governor of Georgia.
Mr. Brown remained as claim agent seventeen months, from March, 1879, to the summer of 1880. He was then appointed ticket auditor, the position which he had refused to accept at the beginning of his railroad career. He was next appointed car accountant. As such he devised a system for keeping separate accounts with every individual freight and passenger car, involving
a complicated systqm of record for the 1,500 cars on the road. This system has subsequently been adopted and is in use today on all the important rail road systems in America. On December 28, 1881, General McCrea resigned his position as general manager of the Western & Atlantic owing to ill health, and died in February, 1882. Mr. Brown was at that time elected by the board' of directors as general freight agent, and subsequently in February, 1884, was promoted to general freight and passenger agent, succeeding W. B. Wrenn, who has resigned to take similar service with the closest competitor of the Western & Atlantic, namely the East Tennessee, Virginia and Georgia,

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1879

now a part of the Southern System. Beginning with 1884, railroad competi tion reached a crisis in Georgia. .There was an open war of rates, and both freight and passenger tariffs were cut to about one-third of the normal. Freight was frequently hauled in those times for $2 a car load. At first Mr. Brown proved the aggressor in meeting the competition of the rival roads and in reducing rates, and in a short time ruin apparently confronted the entire transportation system. Then he adopted a strategic move which prob ably was regarded with alarm by the directors of the road. He raised the rates on his lines to normal conditions, and as a result all the traffic was, at once shifted to the competing lines, whose freight yards were blocked withfreight cars, and in a short time it was an utter impossibility to handle the business, and the shippers found that cheap rates were no salvation as com pared with reasonable transportation service. This was the crisis of the rate war, and a conference was soon arranged by which the various competing lines agreed to a restoration of normal tariff charges.
Mr. Brown continued as freight and passenger agent until February, 1889. At that time he was married, and as. a wedding present the company made him traffic manager. He held that position nearly ten years, until Sep tember 1,1898. On December 27, 1890, the railroad was taken over as a part of the Nashville, Chattanooga & St. Louis, and Mr. Brown remained with the new company until the dose of his active career-as a. railroad man.
In 1904 Governor Joseph M. Terrell appointed Mr. Brown railroad commissioner, an office he held until August 29, 1907. At that date came the memorable order from Governor Hoke Smith suspending Mr. Brown from the railroad commissionership for political reasons. As it turned out, that suspension order led to the election of Mr. Brown to the governor's chair. It introduced a great factional fight between the friends of Governor Smith and those of Mr. Brown, and the latter finally yielded to the persuasions of his friends to become a, candidate for governor. He was nominated and his election by the people was a popular vindication of his course as railroad commissioner. He entered upon hisjfirst term as governor of Georgia June 26, 1909, and on July 1, 1911, received the democratic nomination, which was equivalent to election for a second term, and entered upon the second
term January 25, 1912. Governor Brown was married at Augusta, Georgia, February 12, 1889,
to Miss Cora Anna McCord, who was born in Lincoln County, Georgia, a daughter of Dr. Jabez P. and Mary (Duff) McCord. Both her parents were natives of Georgia, and died within one week of each other from typhoid
fever when Mrs. Brown was about seven years of age. She was after that
reared in the homes, first of her grandmother,' McCord, and after her death,
successively by her Aunt Harriet Kennedy and her Uncle Zaeheriah McCord.
To the latter home, in Augusta, she went for the purpose of receiving an
education. Governor Brown's three children were all born at Marietta;
Joseph Emerson Brown, born January 17, 1890, graduated A. B. from
the University of Georgia in 1911, lives at Cherokee Mills, in Cherokee
County, and on March 6, 1915, married Miss Dolores Gill, daughter of John
Ponce de Leon and Mary (Douschka) Gill. Charles McDonald Brown, the
second son, born November 3, 1892, graduated A. B. from the University of
Georgia in 1914 and is now a student in the law department of .the Uni
versity of Virginia. Cora MeCord Brown, the only daughter, was born
on the first day of May, 1895, and is a graduate of the Lucy Cobb Institute
of Athens, Georgia. Governor Brown and family are active members of
the Baptist Church.
Governor Brown is a member of the Chi Phi College fraternity, and has
many prominent social relations. He is well known as an author, his prin
cipal books being: "The Mountain Campaigns in Georgia, 1886;" "Kenne-

1880

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

saw's Bombardment, or How the Sharpshooters Woke up the Batteries, 1890," and "Astyanax, 1906."
Governor Brown has for ten years been a director of the First National Bank of Marietta and for the past four years has been vice president. On November 3, 1914, he bought one of the finest water power plants in the state, known as the Cherokee Mills, located in Cherokee County. He is now engaged in a general milling business, comprising grain and feed mills, saw mills, cotton gins, and other industries. The Cherokee Milling property contains 450 acres, and he also owns 1,000 acres of fine farm lands -adjacent to the water power site. Governor Brown is furnishing an important incentive toward a revision of the long standing agricultural methods of the state, and favors the raising of grain and cattle in preference to cotton. He has arranged with his tenants to change from the culture of cotton to the raising of corn and oats and the production of cattle. Such change cannot be effected without considerable loss to tenants, and Mr. Brown has furnished the necessary funds required for this purpose, and has thus set a valuable example to other large land owners in the state.
The large estate covered by the Cherokee mills property and the land adjoining is one of many associations to the Brown family. Governor Brown's father bought the thousand acres of farm lands from his wife's father on September 1^, 1856, and during the rest of his life owned and operated it as a plantation. This land was sold at an executor's sale in August, 1905, and was bought in by R. W. Boone. Several months later Governor Joseph M. Brown bought the land, and thus recovered its posses
sion into the family name. Thus this notable figure in Georgia railroad circles and in political life
is rounding out his career in the ideal life of the planter; and it is his inten tion to devote the energies and time still remaining to him to the improve ment of an ideal modern plantation, one that will be valuable not only for its own sake but as an example in the new era of Georgia agriculture.

H. M. SEYMOUR-ADAMS, M. D. One of the representative physicians and surgeons of the younger generation in the City of Atlanta, where he main tains 'his offices in the Candler Building, Doctor Adams gives his attention in virtually an exclusive way to the surgical branch of his profession and has built up an excellent practice, the constant expansion of which affords the best voucher for his special skill in this department of his exacting vocation and indicates also his secure place in popular confidence and esteem.
At Elberton, the judicial center of Elbert County, this state, Doctor Adams was born on the 4th of June, 1883, a son of Hiram G. and Parthenia K. (Sey mour) Adams, both likewise natives of Georgia. Hiram G. Adams passed his entire life in this state and his death occurred at his home at Elberton, on the 3d of September, 1910, his widow being still a resident of that place and having celebrated her seventy-seventh birthday anniversary in 1915. The father of the Doctor was one of the gallant and loyal sons of Georgia who rendered effective service as a soldier of the Confederacy in the war between the states. He endured the full tension of the great conflict, took part in numerous important engagements, was at one time severely wounded and was finally captured by the Federal forces, after which he was held as. a prisoner of war at Old Fortress Monroe for a period of eighteen months. In later years his interest in his old comrades did not wane, as was shown by his active and appreciative affiliation with the United Confederate Veterans. Hiram G. Adams became one of the substantial landholders and representative citi zens of Elbert County and was a scion of an honored pioneer family of Georgia, in which state his father, George Adams, likewise passed his entire life, a successful planter at the time of his death. The lineage of the family

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1881

traces back to sterling English origin and the first representatives of the name in America settled in Virginia, in the colonial days.
Doctor Adams is indebted to the schools of his native city for his early educational advantages and during his boyhood and youth he passed his vacation periods on the plantation of his father, near Elberton. In pursuance of higher academic studies he attended the John Gibson Institute, at Bowman, Elbert County, and thereafter he completed a partial course in the University of Georgia. In preparation for his chosen profession he entered the Atlanta College of Physicians and Surgeons, but previously had taught one term of school, when twenty years of age. With characteristic zeal and receptiveness he carried forward his studies in the medical college, in which he was gradu ated as a member of the class of 1909 and from which he received his degree of Doctor of Medicine. For three years thereafter he served as interne in Grady Hospital, Atlanta, where he gained most comprehensive and valuable clinical experience and thus fortified himself the more effectually for the general practice of his profession in an independent way.
Since 1911 Doctor Adams has been engaged in practice in Georgia's fair capital city and metropolis, where he specializes in and devotes his entire attention to the surgical branch of his profession, in which his skill and earnest application have given him high reputation, with many delicate major and minor operations of successful order standing to his credit. The Doctor is actively identified Avith the Fulton County Medical Society, the Georgia State Medical Society, the Southern Medical Association and the American Medical Association. Though subordinating all else to the demands of his profession, he finds opportunity for and satisfaction in observing the social amenities and is a popular member of the University Club and the Ansley Park Golf Club, the while his civic loyalty and progressiveness are indicated through his mem bership in the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce and his staunch allegiance to the cause of the democratic party, both he and his wife holding membership
in the Baptist Church. On the 28th of June, 1911, was solemnized the marriage of Doctor Adams
to Miss Nettie K. Drake, of Asheville, North Carolina, and she is a popular factor in representative social activities in Atlanta.

ROBERT M. HOLLAND. So often the prosperity of a community rests, to a great degree, on the extent and solidity of its manufacturing enterprises. They may be well planned and amply financed but, unless they are equally well superintended, they will not satisfy owners and stockholders for they will not enlarge in scope and importance but rather fall behind and perhaps, in the end, be entirely retired from the business field. Such has been the history of many concerns. Of such importance, then is the superintendency of a modern manufacturing plant on a large scale, considered, that much dis crimination is shown in selecting such an official. His qualifications must not only be knowledge and industrial efficiency, but must' include administrative ability and a large measure of understanding of human nature and motives. In this regard, The Hightower Box & Tank Company, of Atlanta, is particu larly fortunate, for its superintendent, Robert M. Holland, is a man of thorough industrial experience and, as one of the police commissioners of this city, occupies a prominent place in public confidence. He has also recently been elected to the office of deputy sheriff of Fulton County on the democratic ticket and will assume charge of the duties of that office on the 1st of Jan
uary, 1917. Robert M. Holland was born at Springfield, Tennessee, during his father's
term as sheriff of Robertson County, and is a son of Lawson Dempsey and Mary (Williams) Holland. The mother of Mr. Holland was born in Tennessee and died in her native state when Robert M. was but five years old. His father's second marriage was to Mrs. Elizabeth (Neal) Crotzer, who still sur-

1882

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

\ vives and who is affectionately recalled by her step-son because of her motherly care in his youth.

Lawson Dempsey Holland, father of Robert M. Holland, was born in Ten nessee, August 11,1829, and is a well known retired resident of Atlanta. For a number of years he was active and influential, in politics in Tennessee and also in business circles at the capital. For eight years he was sheriff of Robertson County, removing then to Nashville, where he carried on a real estate business for twenty-five years. While a resident of that city he organized the detective department of the Nashville police force and was one of the original members of the organization, one that has proved of inestimable service to the municipal authorities. Although now, eighty-seven years of age.. Mr. Holland preserves an interest in all that concerns Tennessee although his home has been in a sister state for some years.
Robert M. Holland attended the public schools of Nashville. He was yet in his 'teens when he determined to learn a self-supporting trade, making choice of the woodworking industry and entering a factory at Nashville, where he continued for nineteen years. So apt and faithful was he in apply ing himself that he very soon won the attention of his superiors in the PrewittSpurr Manufacturing Company shops, and after four years of work he was made foreman of the plant, continuing in that position for fifteen years.
In 1900 Mr. Holland came to Atlanta and accepted the position of fore man of the bucket department of the Hightower Box & Tank Company of this city, where he remained until 1903, when he became superintendent of the Pierpont Manufacturing Company, of Savannah, Georgia, a concern that manufactures tubs and boxes. One year later Mr. Holland returned to the Hightower people and was made superintendent of its plant at Atlanta and has served as such continuously, with the exception of two years, from 1907 to 1909, during which he was superintendent of the Macon Box & Crate Works, of Macon, Georgia. Thus, for a quarter of a century Mr. Holland has occupied a responsible office in connection with important manufacturing plants, and that his services have been contributive of peace and efficiency, can be easily proved.
Mr. Holland has always been affiliated with the democratic party and, as a public spirited citizen, has been active in matters of public welfare. At pres ent he is serving as a member of the board of police commissioners, represent ing the Tenth Ward.
On April 11,1886, Mr. Holland was united in marriage with Miss Amanda Belle Morgan, who was a resident of Nashville, Tennessee, and they have one son, Archibald Addison, who was born April 16, 1887. The latter was mar ried in May, 1909, to Miss Ella Shockley, of Atlanta, and they have two chil dren, Evelyn and Robert M. Holland.
Mr. Holland and family are members of the Bonnie Brae Methodist Epis copal Church, of which he is a steward and a lay reader.,

ALFRED CUTHBERT, lawyer, state legislator, congressman, and United States senator, was a native of Georgia, born at Savannah in 1786. His father was Col. Seth John Cuthbert, a Revolutionary officer. He graduated from Princeton College in 1803 and began the practice of law'in Monticello, Jasper County, in the same year. He was elected to the State Legislature, and when Dr. W. W. Bibb, then a congressman, was appointed United States senator, Mr. Cuthbert was elected to fill out his unexpired term in the Thirteenth Congress as a democrat. He was re-elected to the Fourteenth Congress, serving the major part of his term, but resigning in 1816. He appeared' again as a mem ber of the Seventeenth Congress, in 1821, and was re-elected to the Eighteenth and Nineteenth congresses, serving at that time six years, until 1827. When John Forsyth, United States senator from Georgia, was appointed secretary of state by President Jackson, in 1834, he resigned from the Senate, and

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1883

Mr. Cuthbert was elected to fill the vacancy. He was re-elected then for the full term, and served from January 12, 1835, to March 3, 1843. He did not take further part in public life, but died near Monticello on July 9, 1856.

COLONEL W. L. PEEL. As president of the American National Bank of Atlanta, Colonel Peel is at the head of a great institution, with prestige, age, influence and solid integrity as resources outside of those usually printed on its financial statements. The president of this bank has long been one of the leaders in financial and business circles, and his life has had numerous rela tions with the city outside of .those circles. Colonel Peel has a gifted per sonality, rich in the resources of life as in those of material wealth. Both he and Mrs. Peel have done much to vitalize and adorn those activities which make a city a real center of living and culture as well as of commercial great ness. The influence of their characters cannot be measured by the ordinary standards of achievement.
"William Lawson Peel was born in Webster County, Georgia, the only son of James Gamble Peel and his wife, Elizabeth .Stapleton. Both the Peels and Stapletons were among the early settlers of Burke and Washington counties. Their ancestry originated among the oldest families of Yorkshire, England, whose descendants emigrated to this country in the time of Charles I. Mr. Peel's great-grandfather, John Peel, who married Sarah Gamble, was a Georgian soldier of the Revolution. In another line, his great-grandfather, George Lawson Stapleton, served in the Continental Army in Virginia. His grandfather, George Stapleton, of Jefferson County, was a major in the War of 1812, and fought also in the early Indian wars.
Reared on his father's farm, Colonel Peel left it in 1870 to take a position in the Bank of America. Prom there he came to Atlanta to become cashier of the Bank of the State of Georgia. Thus for fully forty-five years his work has been identified with banking, and for the greater part of that time his name has been associated with the leading financiers of Georgia. In 1880 he formed a partnership with R. F. Maddox and J. W. Rucker under the firm name of Maddox-Rucker Banking Company, which only a few years ago was reorganized as the American National Bank. Of that institution in the past thirty-five years he has been successively cashier, vice president and president.
For fully forty years the home of Colonel and Mrs. Peel has been the radiant center of hospitality and some of the best social culture in the South. In 1874 he was married in Washington, D. C., to Miss Lucy Cook, daughter of General Phil Cook, and one of the belles of the South. Mrs. Peel has been for years one of the social, literary and musical leaders in Atlanta, and from her elegant home on Peachtree Street, which has been the family residence for a quarter of a century, dispenses a delightful hospitality. Their guest book might be taken as almost an authentic record of the social roll in Atlanta, and contains many distinguished names whose owners have been
guests of the house during the last forty years. Of the four children who have blessed their home, Lucy married William H. Kiser; Sarah married William A. Tilt of New York; Marian is the wife of Dr. Phinizy Calhoun; while a son, William Lawson, Jr., died in childhood.
In the forty years that Atlanta has been his home Colonel Peel has been one of the builders of the city, has been ever ready with time, influence and money to further every public enterprise, and there has hardly been a move
ment of any importance during that time with which his name has not been connected. It was through his efforts that the great city organ was purchased and the free organ concerts established some years ago. As president of the Atlanta Music Festival Association, Colonel Peel has added many laurels to
the city's crown by the splendid success under his leadership of the annual engagements of the Metropolitan Opera Company, which surpass anything

1884

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

outside of_ New York City and which' throng the city with cultured crowds enthusiastic in their praise.
Colonel Peel served as an aide on the staff of Governor Terrell, Governor Brown. Governor Hoke Smith and Governor Slaton respectively. Outside of his position as a banker he is president of the Old Dominion Guano Com pany, the Southern Fertilizer Association, is president of the Bond Sinking Fund Commission, and has membership on numerous boards. He is a mem ber of the Methodist Church, of the Capital City, Piedmont Driving, East Lake and Druid Hills clubs, and of the Georgia Society of the Sons of the Revolution.

CHARLES E. MURPHEY, M. D. Self-reliance and ambitious purpose have characterized the career of Doctor Murphey, who personally devised the means by which he was enabled to complete his professional education and fit himself for ,a work in which his success has been large and equivocal. For
fully thirty years he has been engaged in general practice in the City of Atlanta, where he maintains his offices in the Empire Building, and his character and achievement entitle him to designation as one of the represen
tative physicians and surgeons of his native state. He is a man of high pro fessional attainment and has been prominent in the educationl work as well as the practice of his chosen and exacting vocation.
Dr. Charles Ernest Murphey was born at Hamilton, Harris County, Georgia, on the 29th of July, 1857, and is a son of John W. and Camilia
(Gorham) Murphey, the former of whom died when the Doctor was a mere boy, the lineage of the Murphey family tracing back to staunch Scotch-Irish stock. The family name of the first wife of John W. Murphey was Lowery, and the four children of this union are now deceased. Doctor Murphey was but thirteen years of age at the time of his mother's death, and thus he was doubly orphaned while still a lad. His mother, who was born at Hamilton, Harris County, this state, had three children, all of whom still survive her, Mary being the wife of Charles'C. Hawkins, of Americus, this state, and Walter E., being a resident of Tucson, Arizona.
After the death of his mother Doctor Murphey was taken into the home of his half-sister, the late Mrs. Eliza A. Beall, of Waverly Hall, Harris County, where he attended school, his education having later been forwarded by his attending the public schools of the City of Nashville, Tennessee. Depending on his own resources he thereafter pushed earnestly forward to the goal of his ambition, and in 1884 he was graduated in the Atlanta Medical College, with the degree of Doctor of Medicine. In the following year he took a course in the New York Post-Graduate School of Medicine, and the autumn of the same year, 1885, he established his permanent residence in the City of Atlanta, where he has since continued in active practice as a physician and surgeon and where his zeal and ability have not only brought to him' tech nical success and prestige but also definite temporal prosperity. For a period of five years he served as professor of the diseases of children in the Southern Medical College of Atlanta, and he has been indefatigable in keeping abreast of the advances made in medical and surgical science. In 1887 he completed a post-graduate course in the celebrated New York Polyclinic, and he is a close student of the best standard and periodical literature of his profession. He is a member of the Fulton County Medical Society, the Georgia State Medical Association, the Southern Medical Association and the American Medical Association. He has been a frequent and valued contributor to medical periodicals and is always ready to give to his professional confreres the benefit of his experience and research. While his practice has been of general order the Doctor has given special attention to the diseases of women and children, and in this field his success has been unequivocal, his knowledge
and-skill virtually authoritative.

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1885

Doctor Murphey is naturally found aligned as a staunch supporter of the cause of the democratic party and as a citizen he is loyal and progressive. For two terms he represented the Fourth Ward in the city .council and in 1915 he was a member of the Atlanta Bond Commission. Both he and his wife are zealous members of Grace Church, Methodist Episcopal, South, and he has served for the past thirty years as .a member of its board of stewards.
In November, 1887, was solemnized the marriage of Doctor Murphey to Miss Bennetta Crawford, daughter of the late Bennett Crawford, who was a representative member of the bar of Columbus, Muscogee County, this state, and a brother of Judge Martin Crawford, a former justice of the Supreme Court of Georgia. Doctor and Mrs. Murphey have an only daughter, Mary, who remains at the parental home and is a popular young woman in the social life of her native city,, she being a graduate of the well known Holland Seminary in Virginia.

GEORGE WESTMORELAND. During a period of thirty-five years of consecu tive practice at the bar Mr. Westmorland's ability and success have eminently justified his choice of vocation and he is now known and esteemed as one of the representative attorneys and counselors at law in the City of Atlanta, which has been the stage of his professional labors since 1891. Here was formed in 1899 his partnership with his elder brother, the late Judge Thomas P. Westmorland, and the firm of Westmorland Brothers continued to be one of the foremost at the bar of Fulton County until the death of Judge West moreland, on the 26th of April, 1914, since which time'the surviving brother has continued in individual control of the extensive and important law busi ness built up by the firm.
George Westmoreland was born in Greenville County, South Carolina, and is a representative of a well known and highly honored family of that
state. In his native county he was reared to adult age and received his early educational discipline. At the age of sixteen years he assumed a clerical position in a drug store in the Town of Greenville, where he continued to be thus employed for a period of eight years. The self-reliant and insistent ambition which he showed at this early period in his career caused him to put forth strenuous efforts toward the gaining of further education and pre paring himself for the profession which he has dignified by his ability and
effective services in the later years of his exceptionally successful career as a lawyer. By studying and reciting his lessons on alternate nights while employed in the drug store Mr. Westmoreland contrived to prepare himself for college, and at the same time he acquired a thorough knowledge of book keeping and general accounting. For six years he had charge of the books of the store in addition to his other duties, and by this dual service he accumu lated a sufficient sum of money to enable him to defray his expenses while attending college. In 1875 he resigned his position in the store and entered
Furman University, in the same town in South Carolina, and after close application to study in this institution for two years he felt assured of ade quate academic training to justify him in entering upon the work of pre paring himself for the legal profession. He read law under the effective preceptorship of the firm of Earle & Wells, of Greenville, and after a brief preparatory.course of eight months he was admitted to the bar of his native state by a special act of its Legislature, the law providing that such prelim inary study should be continued for two years but the work-having been most effectively covered by Mr. Westmoreland in a period of sixteen months less duration. He was examined in the Supreme Court by Capt. George G. Wells, Solicitor James S. Cothran and Judge Joseph N. Norton, who pro nounced the ambitious young applicant splendidly qualified to engage in the practice of law. 'His former preceptors, appreciative of his earnestness and ability, promptly admitted him to partnership in their firm, the title of

1886

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

which was thereupon changed to Earle, Wells & Westmoreland. This effec tive alliance continued until 1880, when Captain Earle removed to the
national capital, aijd Mr. Westmoreland continued his successful practice at Greenville, until 1891, when he retired from control of the second largest law business at that place and came to Georgia, his associate in practice dur ing the later period of his residence at Greenville having been Henry J. Haynsworth.
In the year last mentioned Mr. "Westmoreland established his permanent home in the City of Atlanta, and in this broader and more important field of professional endeavor it may well be said that his success, has been pro nounced and unequivocal. Here he first formed a partnership with L. B. Austin and this alliance continued until the 1st of January, 1893, when he became a law partner of Hon. John B. Goodwin, who. was at that time mayor of Atlanta. This partnership continued until 1899, when Mr. Westmoreland withdrew from the firm and entered into partnership with his brother, Judge Thomas P. Westmoreland, who had the distinction of having served as the first judge of the Criminal Court of Atlanta, an incumbency which he retained from 1891 to 1895. The firm of Westmoreland Brothers assumed secure vantage-ground as one of the strongest at the bar of Atlanta and Fulton County, its principals being men of high professional reputation and unqualified personal popularity. The association of the brothers con tinued with all of fraternal and professional harmony until the senior mem ber of the firm, Judge Westmoreland, was summoned to the life eternal, on the 26th of April, 1914, as already noted in a preceding paragraph.
While engaged in practice in Greenville, South Carolina, George West moreland served several years as county attorney of Greenville County, and in Atlanta he held for three years the office of assistant city attorney, a position which he resigned in 1897. . Though an insistent and effective advocate of the principles of the democratic party, Mr. Westmoreland has considered his pro fession, entitled to his undivided allegiance and has only once consented to become a candidate for office aside from the direct line of professional activity. In 1910 he accepted his party's nomination for representative of Fulton County in the State Legislature, to which he was elected and in which he served one term, during which he proved a loyal, influential and valued worker on the floor of the house and in the deliberations of the various com mittees to which he was assigned. He is a popular member of the Atlanta Bar Association and the Georgia State Bar Association, is affiliated with the Masonic fraternity, in which he has received the chivalric degrees in Atlanta Commandery of Knights Templar, besides being also identified with the Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine and the Knights of Pythias. Both he and his wife hold membership in the Baptist Church.
On the 15th of December, 1880, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. West moreland to Miss Elvira T. Smith, daughter of Julius C. Smith, of Green ville, South Carolina, and a granddaughter of the late Rev. Basil Manly, who was a distinguished clergyman of the Baptist Church and who served also as president of the University of Alabama. Mr. and Mrs. Westmoreland became the parents of four children, Caroline, Sarah, Elvira and John L. All of the children received collegiate educations and all are living except the second daughter, Sarah, whose death occurred on the 2d of October, 1906. Caroline is the wife of Dr. Charles Edward Dowman, Jr., their marriage hav ing been celebrated March 25, 1908, and the Doctor being a representative physician and surgeon in the City of Atlanta, Georgia, where Mrs. Dowman is a popular figure in representative social circles and in musical activities, she being a talented musician. The youngest daughter, Elvira, was united in marriage to Julian Prade, on the 10th of October, 1912, her husband being a business man in Atlanta. The only son, John Lenoir Westmoreland, who was born on the 16th of February, 1893, was graduated in Mercer University

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1887

as a member of the class of 1914 and received therefrom the degree of Bache lor of Arts. He then entered the law department of the University of Georgia, in which he was graduated in June, 1915, with the degree of Bache lor of Laws, his admission to the bar being followed by his becoming associated with his father in practice, under the firm name of "Westmoreland & West-
moreland.
GENERAL JAMES LONGSTREET, strictly speaking, could be fairly credited to three states. He was born in Edgefield District, South Carolina, January 8, 1821; was reared to the age of twelve'in Augusta, Georgia; was appointed a cadet to West Point from Alabama, to which state his family had removed, and for many years during the latter part of his life was a citizen of Georgia. He was one of the most prominent figures in the War between the States. Seldom in independent command, he takes rank after Jackson as the ablest of Lee's subordinates. During the war he earned the title of "Lee's Old War Horse," and won it honestly, because in the great campaigns made by the Army of Northern Virginia, Longstreet's Corps could always be depended
upon to hold up its end of the line. General Longstreet's father died when he was twelve years of age, and his
mother moved to North Alabama, from which state he was appointed to the United States Military Academy at West Point in 1838. Graduated in 1842 he was made brevet second lieutenant of the Fourth Infantry and served until 1844 at Jefferson Barracks, Missouri. In 1844-5 he was on frontier duty at Natchitoches, Louisiana. He served in Texas and in the Mexican war and at the storming of Chapultepec in September, 1847, was severely wounded. He had already been brevetted captain for gallantry. In 1849-51 he served as chief of the commissary department in Texas, and at the outbreak of the Civil war had been advanced in the regular army to the rank of major of staff and paymaster. He resigned from the United States army and the Confederacy commissioned him a brigadier-general in July, 1861. In October he was pro moted major-general and commanded the rear of General Johnston's army
during the retreat from Yorktown. In the battle of Williamsburg, May 5,1862, he was in immediate command
on the field, of the fighting force composed of his own and part of D. H. Hill's divisions and Stuart's Cavalry Brigade. He commanded the-right wing in the battle of Seven Pines and was in command of his own and A. P. Hill's divisions, constituting the right wing of the army, in the seven days' battles before Richmond. He was in command of the right wing again in the second battle of Manassas and in the Maryland campaign of 1862. At the battle of Fredericksburg, December 13, 1862, he commanded the first corps of the army, which constituted the left wing, Jackson being commander of the second corps. His promotion as lieutenant-general was dated October 9,1862. The brilliant victory at Marye's Hill, Fredericksburg, was won by Longstreet, who was in immediate command. In the spring of 1863 he was on duty at Suffolk, Vir ginia, south of James River; but after Chancellorsville and the death of Jackson, he rejoined Lee in the Pennsylvania campaign. He reached the field of Gettysburg on the afternoon of the first day's battle. In command of the right wing, Longstreet's corps participated in the second day's battle, and on the third day under orders from Lee, Pickett's division of Longstreet's corps, reinforced by Pettigrew and Trimble, made the charge against the Federal position on Cemetery Hill, which will go down in history as one of the most desperate and heroic, even if disastrous, charges in all history. In the battle of Chickamauga he was commander of the left wing and'crushed the Federal right opposed to him, becoming, as D. H. Hill writes, "the organizer of vic tory on the Confederate side, as Thomas was the saviour of the army on the other side." Ordered to return with his command to Virginia, he reached Lee jusH>efore the Wilderness campaign, and on May 6th came on the field.

1888

'

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

After convalescing from his wound, which he there received, he rejoined the army and during the siege of Petersburg commanded on the north side of the James. On the retreat to Appomattox he commanded the advance and the main portion of the army.
At the close of the war President Johnson told him that he could never receive amnesty, but later his civil rights were restored to him; and in 1869 President Grant appointed him surveyor of customs at the port of New Orleans. Grant and Longstreet were old army friends, and the Union commander had married Longstreet's cousin. He knew that his old friend was in hard cir cumstances and.not a man of business qualifications. It was a generous and kindly act on Grant's part, but many of the Southern people for a time had unkind feelings toward General Longstreet for his acceptance of the position. This, however, in time wore away, and for the last twenty years of his life he enjoyed a full measure of the regard of his people., In 1878, he was made supervisor of internal revenue, and in .1879 he was appointed postmaster at Gainesville, which became his home for the remainder of his life. In 1880, by appointment of President Hayes, he served as United States minister to Turkey; in 1881, he was made United States marshal for the District of Georgia, and in 1897, on the resignation of Gen. Wade Hampton, he was appointed United States railroad commissioner by President McKinley. He died at his home in Gainesville, on January 2, 1904.

NATHANIEL A., PRATT, M. D. Renowned as a man of high scientific attain ments, as an engineer and discoverer, it was given to Doctor Pratt to wield a wonderful influence in connection with the development of the natural resources and industrial activities of the South, and the states of this favored section of our great national domain must accord to him a debt of perpetual honor for his services and character. He was a native of Georgia, a scion of the second generation of the Pratt family in this state and of one whose name has been worthily linked with the annals of American history since about the middle of the seventeenth century. His career was one of stupendous and fruitful activity and concerning him the following con sistent statements have been written: "In. his forty years of intense activity he probably did more as a developer of the South than any other one man. With him his work was everything. If the discovery which was to benefit his fellow men brought him profit, it was all in the day's work; but the dis covery was the thing worth while. No more useful man has lived in Georgia, and his sons are following in his footsteps." Though Doctor Pratt effectively prepared himself for the profession of physician and surgeon he did not engage in the practice of his profession, as he preferred to devote his splendid energies to scientific pursuits and the development of resultant industries of the greatest practical value.
The lineage of the Pratt family traces back through the colonial era in Connecticut and Massachusetts to Hertfordshire, England, where records still extant show that the family has been established since mediaeval times. Lieut. William Pratt, of the eighth generation of the family in Hertford shire, was a son of Rev. William Pratt, of Stevenye, England, and came to America with Hooker in 1633. He first settled in Massachusetts, and in 1636 he and his brother John were found numbered among the original settlers to whom lands were allotted at Hartford, Connecticut. In 1637 Lieut. William Pratt was one of the soldiers who took part in an expedition against the hostile Pequot Indians, and for his services in this connection he was allotted
100 acres of land. The Rev. Nathaniel A. Pratt, D. D., a lineal descendant of Liieut.
William Pratt, was graduated in Tale College in the class of 1820, pursued thereafter an ecclesiastical and philosophical course at Princeton Theological Seminary, New Jersey, was licensed to preach in 1823, and in the following

,

!--;

*

'"1
'

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1889

year was formally ordained a clergyman of the Presbyterian Church, by the Presbytery of New Brunswick, at Shrewsbury, New Jersey. In 1825 he came from Saybrook, Connecticut, to Georgia and assumed the pastorate of the Presbyterian Church at Darien, Mclntosh County, an incumbency which he retained for a period of fourteen years.
On the llth of March, 1830, Rev. Nathaniel A. Pratt wedded Catharine Barrington King, a daughter of Roswell King, of Darien, and in 1840 he
and his wife and children were one of the seven families who became the founders of the town of Roswell, Cobb County, his associates having been Roswell King, Barrington King, James Bullock, Bayard Hand, John Dunwoody and John Lewis, who were accompanied by their respective families. In 1854, in recognition of his high attainments and zealous labors as a clergyman, Rev. Nathaniel A. Pratt received from Oglethorpe University the degree of doctor of divinity. He and his devoted wife became the parents of ten children, of whom Dr. Nathaniel Alpheus Pratt, subject of this memoir, was the third in order of birth. Concerning the now thriving little city of which he was one of the founders the following pertinent state ments have been recorded: "The establishment of the town of Roswell was effected two years after the removal of the Cherokee Indians, which was' completed in 1838. At this time Roswell King erected in the town named in his honor a cotton mill which is in successful operation today, the property of the Roswell Manufacturing Company, this mill being one of the earliest
erected in the South." Rev. Nathanial A. Pratt continued his earnest services as pastor of the
Presbyterian Church at Roswell until his death, in 1879, in the eighty-fourth year of his age and the fifty-sixth year of his active work in the ministry. His life was one of consecration and he labored faithfully and fruitfully in his high calling.
Dr. Nathaniel Alpheus "Pratt was born at Darien, Mclntosh County, Georgia, on the 25th of January, 1834, and thus was a lad of about six years at the time of the family removal to the new town of Roswell, where he acquired his preliminary educational discipline. In 1852 he was grad uated in Oglethorpe University, 'from which institution he received not only the baccalaureate degree but also that of master of arts. For a year or more after his graduation he remained at the university as a member of its faculty. In 1856 he was graduated in the Savannah Medical College, with the degree of doctor of medicine, but, as previously'stated in this context, he never practiced his profession as a physician, his entire active life having been devoted to scientific pursuits, especially to chemistry, mineralogy and geology. It can not be other than proper at this juncture to quote freely from a previously published review of the signally able and prolific scientific activities of Doctor Pratt, minor paraphrase being indulged in the repro duction :
After his graduation he followed up his scientific studies at the Lawrence Scientific School of Harvard University, as a pupil of Prof. Louis Agassiz in geology, of Prof. E. N. Horsford in chemistry, and Professor Wyman in engineering. It will be noted, therefore, that he had the advantage of receiv ing his scientific instruction from the most distinguished men of the day.
He was a man of untiring industry and the most methodical habits. His mind received and retained impressions with the utmost facility and his information on all scientific subjects was marvelous.
"After Dr. Pratt's death a manuscript found in his desk gave a complete record of his life work from graduation up to a period of six years preceding his demise. From this record we learn that from 1858 to 1861 he was professor of chemistry in Savannah Medical College. The year 1861 found him installed as professor of chemistry and geology at Oglethorpe .University; but the outbreak of the war between the States carried him into

1890

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

the service of the Confederacy. He organized a company under the name of Jordan Grays, the title having been given in honor of Hon. Lee Jordan, of Baldwin county, whose generosity enabled it to procure its entire equip ment. This company was mustered into the service of the State of Georgia on the 28th of November, 1861, the personnel of its officers having been as follows: Captain, Nathaniel Alpheus Pratt; first lieutenant, William Caraker; second lieutenant, Aleck Moffett; and junior second lieutenant, William B. Stubbs.
" Immediately after organization the Jordan Grays were ordered to the coast at Savannah, but in the course of a few months the Confederate States Government, recognizing Dr. Pratt's unusual scientific ability, detached him for service in the Confederate States Nitre & Mining Bureau, the commission assigned him being that of assistant chief, with the rank of lieu tenant colonel of cavalry. As the chief scientific observer of the bureau, his services were largely used in the investigation of the native resources of the South, particularly in connection with war materials and supplies, one of the interests of the Nitre & Mining Bureau being the manufacture from animal matter of nitrate of potash to be used in the production of gunpowder. Dr. Pratt served in this capacity throughout the war, his headquarters being at the Nitre & Mining Bureau, in Augusta, where an extensive chemical laboratory had been established and was maintained by the Confederate States Government.
"At the close of the war, in 1865, Dr. Pratt removed to' Charleston, South Carolina, with the intention of constructing works for the manufacture of commercial fertilizers, as he fully realized that the future of the South would depend upon the development of its native resources and in the upbuild ing of industrial enterprises. Of such enterprises he well understood that those most needed were such as were more nearly related to the great agricul tural interests. The reason for his selection of Charleston as the location for his proposed chemical works was that during his search of the Southern States for materials for the manufacture of gunpowder he saw certain rocky nodules north of the city of Charleston, on what was known as Charleston Neck, which excited his curiosity and interest. He carried a few of these nodules to Augusta for examination and full chemical investigation,, as he had convinced himself that the material was phosphate of lime precisely the crude material needed for the manufacture of commercial fertilizers. Unfor tunately, and before his analyses could be completed, the entire chemical laboratory of the Nitre & Mining Bureau was suddenly destroyed by fire, Dr. Pratt losing not only the samples and the results of the investigation he then had under way but also a large amount of his own property. Upon
his arrival in Charleston he immediately renewed his investigation of these
deposits, which he believed to be of the highest grade and exactly the
material desired by him, and on August 10, 1867, he completed a series of
exhaustive analyses of this rock from the Ashley river basin, proving that
he had in hand the highest grade and most extensive deposits of phosphate
of lime then known to the world. In the following October he organized
the Charleston Mining & Manufacturing Company, of which the chief financial
supporter was George T. Lewis, of Philadelphia. A large territory covering
the phosphate rock deposits was acquired and active mining operations were
instituted on a large scale.
"In 1868 Dr. Pratt organized the Etiwan Phosphate Company and
erected the largest sulphuric acid works in the United States and this in
the face of adverse written opinion expressed to his board of directors by
Eastern experts, to the effect that the climate of Charleston was totally
unsuited for the manufacture of sulphuric acid. These works proved
immensely successful and the enterprise thus established by Dr. Pratt rapidly

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1891

expanded in scope and importance, with the result that within a very few years after his first sulphuric acid plant was built at Charleston, the county
of Charleston manufactured more of this acid than did any state in the Union. "In 1868 Dr. Pratt published and distributed a pamphlet describing
his discovery of the native bone-phospates of South Carolina, their distribu
tion on land and their deposition in the beds of the rivers contiguous to Charleston and Beaufort. He incorporated in this pamphlet a map of South Carolina, Georgia and Florida and indicated by a line on the same the" probable location at which native bone-phosphates might in future be found. .Curiously enough, the line which, was thus traced on the map of Florida was found to cover the precise territory in which, thirty years afterward, the great Florida phosphates were discovered.
"In 1868 Dr. Pratt applied to the legislature of South Carolina for a
charter and for permission to dredge the rivers for phosphate on condi tion of paying the state one dollar a ton royalty. Those were the so-called 'Reconstruction' days and a corrupt legislature, finding itself unable to dis pose of the privilege to another applicant at the rate of twenty cents a ton royalty, was finally 'influenced' by the other applicant to kill Dr.
Pratt's application and give the privilege to the other applicant at the one dollar a ton royalty offered by the Doctor. The latter thus lost the valuable
privilege of dredging the navigable waters of the state for phosphate, but the State of South Carolina gained millions of dollars through his sense
of justice. "His reputation as a scientist being now thoroughly established, in the
autumn of 1870 Dr. Pratt was elected professor of applied science in Wash ington & Lee University, at Lexington, Virginia. This call came to him just before the death of General Robert E. Lee, who was then president of the institution; but having already made his plans for an extended visit to England and continental Europe, in order to study still further the great branches of chemical manufacture into which he had entered and which greatly interested him, Dr. Pratt decided first to make this visit, which
he did, and upon his return in 1871 he accepted the university chair men tioned, to continue its honored and valued incumbent until 1876, in which latter year he resigned, in the belief that his greater usefulness lay in the practical development of the native resources of the South.
"In 1872 Dr. Pratt invented a valuable process for the manufacture of acid phosphate, and in the following year he obtained a legislative' charter for the Virginia Chemical & Mining Company, with the intention of develop ing the pyrites deposits at Tolersville, now known as Mineral, Virginia, where exist great quantities of high-grade ores suitable for the manufacture of sulphuric acid; but his financial backer in this enterprise died suddenly and the undertaking was abandoned. Among his other practical activities were the organization of the United States Fertilizer Company, of Camden, New Jersey, and the discovery, in association with Dr. George Little, of the halloysites and bauxites of Georgia and Alabama. In 1879 the Doctor opened in Atlanta the Georgia Geological, Chemical & Mining Bureau, and in 1879-80 he served as state chemist. In 1881 he organized, with Cin cinnati capital, the Georgia Chemical & Mining Company and built its plant. In manufacturing its sulphuric acid he used pyrites from Haralson county, Georgia, for this purpose having erected one of the two successful pyrites furnaces then in existence in the United States. In 1882 he engineered and constructed the Nashville Fertilizer Company, at Nashville, Tennessee, and in 1883, in association with H. H. Colquitt and others, organized the Furman Farm & Improvement Company, the works of which he erected at East Point, Georgia, In the same year he discovered, the rich lithia waters near Austell, Cobb county, this state, and assisted in their development. In 1885 and 1889 Dr. Pratt served as geologist to the Department of Agricul-

1892

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

ture _of Georgia. From 1889 to 1895 he was occupied in prosecuting the location and development of the phosphate deposits of Florida, and in 1894 established in that state, with his sons, Arthur W. and George L. as coad jutors, the Florida Geological, Chemical & Mining Bureau. In 1895 the Doctor removed to Lithia Springs, Douglas county, Georgia, where he resided until 1900, when he established his residence at Decatur, DeKalb county, which continued to represent his1 home until his death, on the 31st of October, 1906.
"In addition to his scientific attainments Dr. Pratt invented a number of valuable chemical processes. He was an inventor by right of birth. His maternal great-grandmother, Sarah. Fitch, was a sister of John Fitch, the American inventor, of East Windsor, Connecticut, to whom authorities assign the credit for the original invention of the steamboat, seventeen years before Fulton ran his 'Clermont' on the Hudson river. In 1785 Fitch had com pleted his first model of a steamboat. Two years later a successful trial trip
with a second boat was made on the Delaware river, on which trial trip Robert Fulton was a passenger, and in the summer of 1790 a steam passenger boat built by him made regular trips for fares between Philadelphia and Burlington, with a speed of eight miles an hour. In spite of the success of his invention he was unable to obtain the requisite funds to insure the business success of the enterprise, and his first steamboat having not been able to earn its expenses, he went to France, hoping to obtain from the French Government contracts for steamboats. He was unsuccessful, however, in persuading the French authorities that his invention was one of practical order, and he accordingly returned to the United States. In 1817 a committee of the New York Legislature formally declared that John Fitch was the inventor of the steamboat. The Encyclopedia Britannica and other modern authorities likewise concede to him this honor and distinction."
The intrinsic nobility of the character of Doctor Pratt was on a parity with his distinguished achievements as one of the world's benefactors, and both the South and the State of Georgia may well take pride in claiming him a native son and in doing him honor for all time.
On the 14th of November, 1855, was solemnized the marriage of Doctor Pratt, at Milledgeville, Georgia, to Julia Eliza Stubbs, fifth daughter of Baradall Palmer Stubbs and Eliza (Hammond) Stubbs and a granddaughter of Col. Abner Hammond, a soldier and officer with the patriot forces in the war of the Revolution, who was secretary of state for Georgia from 1811 to 1823 and was the incumbent of this office when the seat of the state government was removed to Milledgeville, to which city he removed with his family from Louisville, Jefferson County, the old capital.

ALONZO C. RILEY, JR. One of the younger members of the Atlanta bar, who has already established a promising and profitable practice Alonzo C. Riley, Jr., belongs to a prominent Georgia family, is a son of a lawyer and judge, 'and with a fortunate environment in youth and influential connec tions has made rapid progress since his admission to the bar.
Alonzo C. Riley, Jr., was born at Marshallville in Macon County, Georgia, June 28, 1885, the oldest soil of Judge Alonzo C. and Lula A. Frederick Riley, both of whom are now living at Fort Valley, Georgia. His father has for many years been active in the Georgia bar and is now serving as judge of the Houston County and City courts. Mr. Riley, Jr., is a direct descendant on his father's side fro'm the Hon. John Adam Trentlen, the first governor
of Georgia. His early youth was spent at Perry in Houston County, where he had the
advantages of the Perry public schools, graduating from the high school there at the age of fifteen. He then spent two years in the North Georgia Agri cultural College, and at the age of eighteen, in 1903, accepted a clerkship

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1893

in the office of the state commissioner of pensions, the Hon. John W. Lindsey. He continued under the direction of Mr. Lindsey five years, and in the meantime studied law, his studies being under the direction of Mr. Lindsey and also his father, Judge Riley.
Admitted to the bar in 1907, Mr. Riley has since practiced as' a member of the Atlanta bar. He is now serving as city attorney of the College Park Corporation, a town near Atlanta. He has membership in the Atlanta Bar Association and the Georgia State Bar Association, is a Master Mason, being affiliated with Gate City Lodge No. 2, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, at Atlanta, is a member of the Atlanta Athletic Club and attends the First Methodist Episcopal Church of that city. Mr. Riley is now president of the Atlanta Alumni Chapter of the Sigma Nu college fraternity.

. EDGAR EVERHART, PH. D. The science of treating of the relations and combinations of atoms, chemistry, is one so complex, so wonderful and so illuminative in reference to not only organic but inorganic life, and the con stant further discoveries through its aid seem so necessary even to the point of sustaining of life, that a life devoted entirely to its study cannot fail to command interest and admiration, even in those whose tastes and mental equipments are lacking or deficient along this line. Chemistry covers so wide a field that a modern professor of chemistry, confining himself to physiological chemistry, must possess technical knowledge that would qualify him for almost any other profession. A scientist of this order is Dr. Edgar Everhart, a member of the faculty of the Atlanta Medical College.
There have been military heroes in the ancestry of Doctor Everhart, one testimonial being a monument erected in Connecticut, to Laurence Everhart, a great-uncle several generations removed, following the war of the Revolu tion, and, among the family heirlooms, is a sword that was used by an Ever hart in every war in which the United States has participated, and yet it is a peaceful family, numbering ministers and quiet students among its numbers.
Edgar Everhart was born in Stokes County, North Carolina, April 8, 1854, and is a son of Rev. George M. and Cornelia Adelaide (Banner) Ever hart. The latter was born also in Stokes County and numbered the Bynums and Hamptons among her kindred. The father of Doctor Everhart was born in London County, Virginia, and among his American ancestors were the DeKalbs. He spent his life as a clergyman and at Charlotte, North Carolina, he preached the last sermon before Jefferson Davis and his cabinet which they heard during the war between the states. Doctor Everhart with his father was paying his respects to President Davis when the latter received a telegram announcing the assassination of Lincoln. The youth received his early educational training from his father and tutors and then entered Raince College, from which he was graduated in 1873, and later studied in Columbia. In search of more thorough instruction, .he sought the help of the distinguished scientists of Germany and studied under Fresenius, at Wiesbaden, and later received his Ph. D. degree at the University of Freiburg, and from other institutions received the degree of A. B. and A. M. He has devoted his talents and the activities of his life entirely to his profession, has been an enthusiastic student and is a member of a number of scientific bodies. Prior to becoming professor of chemistry in the Atlanta Medical College, he was assistant professor of chemistry at Stevens Institute, was chemist with a geological survey and was professor of chemistry at the University of Texas.
Doctor Everhart was married in 1881 to Miss Elfrida B. Keller, and they have three children-. Elfrida Adelaide, who' is the wife of Ralph B. Van
"TTT
Wormer, of "Waycross, Georgia; Ethel, who is a graduate of the Atlanta High School, and resides at home; and Edgar Everhart, Jr. The last named

1894

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

was graduated from the Georgia School of Technology, in 1914, with honors, and apparently has a brilliant future in store, for, although only twenty-one years of age, he has been tendered a position as a mechanical engineer by one of the largest business concerns in Ohio. The hospitable family home is maintained at No. 150 North Jackson Street, Atlanta.
All his life a student and more closely interested in his laboratory experi ments than in politics, Doctor Everhart has never entered vigorously into any political campaign but has, nevertheless, been consistent in the support he has given to candidates of the democratic party. As a result of the world war in Europe, chemistry is having still greater demands made upon her possibilities than ever, and to such students as Doctor Everhart the challenge inspires a spirit of greater study and still closer experimentation.

GOVERNOR CHARLES J. JENKINS was not a Georgian born, but his life from the age of eleven was spent in the state, and to Georgia he gave a loyal devo tion and a patriotic service second to that of no man in its history. He was the son of Charles Jones Jenkins; was born on his father's plantation known as ''the Grimball Hill Place," in Beaufort District, South Carolina, on the 6th of January, 1805, and died at his home in Summerville, near Augusta, Georgia, in 1883. In 1816 the family moved to Jefferson County, Georgia. Charles J. was educated both in South Carolina and Georgia. After a partial course at Franklin College, Athens, he graduated at Union College, Schenectady, New York, in 1824. He studied law in Savannah, was admitted to practice in 1826 and after three years' residence at Sandersville, moved to Augusta, and in 1829 was elected a member of the General Assembly for Richmond County. In 1831 he was elected attorney-general of the State of Georgia, and solicitor of the Middle Circuit. Before the expiration of his term as attorney-general he resigned and became a candidate for the General Assembly. He was defeated that year and the next, but in 1836 was elected to the Lower House and returned for each of the five following years. He was returned again in 1843; and then the elections having been made biennial, he was again elected in 1845-1847-1849. He served as speaker of the House in 1840,1843 and from 1845 to 1847. He was a member of the State Conven tion which adopted what is known as the Georgia platform of 1850; in 1856 entered the State Senate to fill out the unexpired term of Andrew J. Miller and in 1860 was appointed by Governor Joseph E. Brown an associate justice of the State Supreme Court. He served until shortly after the close of the war. In 1865 he was elected a member of the convention called to restore Georgia to her Federal relations. In the same year he was elected governor under the Confederacy, but was duly inaugurated under Federal control. His position was a very perplexing and trying one and, without going into the merits of the case, his clashes with the Federal military commanders resulted in his removal in 1868. He also carried with him all the executive documents and the state moneys. They were never secured by the military authorities, but were later returned to the regularly constituted civil authorities of the commonwealth.
Governor Jenkins went to "Washington City, where he was confronted by a demand from Gen. Thomas H. Ruger, the military governor, for the return of the books, papers and seal. He promptly declined. General Ruger de manded his arrest which demand, however, was not honored. From Wash ington he went tq New York, and thence to Baltimore, looking after the second bill which he had filed to test the constitutionality of the Reconstruc tion Acts. The winter of 1867-68 was spent in Baltimore. The summer of 1868 he passed in Halifax, Nova Scotia, returning to Baltimore for the winter. In the spring of 1869 he was again in Georgia; and after a short sojourn he went to Europe, where he spent some eighteen months. Toward the close of 1870 he returned to his home at Summerville, near Augusta, where he resided

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1895

for the remainder of his life, leading a retired, gentle life honored and be loved by the people of Georgia. Only once was he called from his retirement. In 1877 the people of Georgia called a Constitutional Convention. He was made president of that convention and rendered his last service to Georgia in assisting to frame the organic law under which the state has since prospered.

<>

HENRY FORT SCOTT, M. D. Of distinguished intellectual ancestry and

bearing a name that, for several generations, has been especially notable in

different sections of the country, Dr. Henry Fort Scott, a very prominent

physician of Atlanta, has upheld family tradition and has gained distinction

in the field of medicine. Doctor Scott was born at Fredonia, in Chambers

County, Alabama, June 26, 1853, and is the only surviving child of his par

ents, who were Henry M. and Sarah J. (Ragland) Scott.

From Scotland the great-grandfather, Archibald Scott, came to the United

States and settled in Pennsylvania about 1770. He completed his education

at Liberty Hall, in Rockbridge County, Virginia, the center that later devel

oped into Washington College and subsequently Washington and Lee Univer

sity. In 1772 he was licensed to preach by the Lexington presbytery, of

which he was a valued member until his death in 1798, and as a Presbyterian

minister established some of the leading'churches in Augusta and Rockbridge

counties, Virginia. He married a daughter of Doctor Ramsey, a distinguished

physician and educator, and they reared a large family, many members of

which became particularly distinguished as ministers and educators. Georgia

easily recalls the Reverend Doctor Scott, of Atlanta, who was notable both in

his ministerial capacity and as an author, and his still more distinguished

father, Prof. Archibald Henry Scott, who, at different times, was president

of educational institutions at Greensburg, Salem, Milledgeville and Hamilton,

and who taught the classics to many of the men who, later, became eminent

in various parts of the South.

Henry M. Scott, father of Doctor Scott, was born in Georgia and for

many years before retirement was engaged in a mercantile business. When

war was precipitated between the states, he enlisted in the Confederate service

and continued at the front until overtaken by disability, when he returned

home and until the close of hostilities was engaged in the business of supply

ing stores to the army. He married Sarah J. Ragland, a daughter of Burrell

Ragland, also of Georgia.

Henry Fort Scott attended school in boyhood at Augusta and at Lex

ington, and after his parents moved to Atlanta, late in 1867, he had the

advantage of private tutors by whom he was prepared for Bowdon Collegiate

Institute, an institution of some note at that time, situated in Carroll County,

Georgia. From there he entered Oglethorpe University, from which he was

graduated in 1872. Making choice of medical science for a career, he then

applied himself to study under local physicians and in 1874, was graduated

from the Atlanta Medical College, with a brilliant record. Although the-

youngest member in a class of forty-two, he led in the prizes secured for

scholarship, and in the same year was appointed demonstrator of anatomy

in the college. He served in that capacity during 1874-5 and at the same

time, through service as city physician, secured valuable experience.

Enthusiastic in pursuit of medical knowledge, Doctor Scott determined

to perfect himself along certain lines through wider opportunities, this

resulting in a professional visit abroad in the spring of 1876. He visited

the famous clinics of London, Paris, Vienna and Berlin, passing three years

in the Frederick William University, in the German capital, -where he was

graduated magna cum laude, this being the second highest grade attainable.

While abroad he came under the direct instruction of some of the most

eminent men of medical science the world had yet known, and, with well won

honors himself, then returned to Atlanta.

..

1896

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

Doctor Scott resumed the practice of medicine in this city, at first covering

the general field, but later limiting himself to diseases of the eye, ear and

throat, and for two years he was on the faculty of the Southern Medical

College as lecturer on this specialty. Although intensely interested in this

restricted line, and "so thoroughly competent, the time came when he found

it advisable to give up the close microscopic work necessary, in order to save

his own eyesight, and returned to the general field of practice in which he

has been unusually successful. He is held as an authority on many subjects

connected with medical science and his contributions to medical literature

are welcomed by many medical publications. He has, on many occasions,

been chosen as orator for the state medical association, of which he is an

honored member, and he belongs to also the Atlanta Society of Medicine and

the American Medical Association. He keeps closely in touch with the

quickening movement of the times but is not led away by new methods or

modern theories, having the solid older medical knowledge as a sound founda

tion on which he can rest and for himself can test the value of many of the

modern discoveries and determine their true value. .

Doctor Scott was married in 1879 to Miss Lula S. Felker, who is a daugh

ter of Stephen Felker, of Monroe, Georgia. They have three children, two

sons and one daughter: Henry F., Jr., Hugh M. and Lula Belle. Doctor

Scott and family are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church and he has

served on the official board. For many years he has been a Knight Templar

Mason and he is a charter member of the Old Guard Battalion of the Gate

v

City Guard.

SAMUEL EVAN TAYLOR. One of the most responsible business posts in Atlanta is that of special agent for the State of Georgia for the Standard Oil Company of Kentucky, occupied by Samuel Evan Taylor. Mr. Taylor is a resident of twenty years' standing in Atlanta, and the branch of the Standard Oil Company of which he has charge is one of the most important in the South. He has the supervision of more than 150 agents in Georgia, and about sixty people are employed in the Atlanta office. In spite of the complexity and vastness of modern business organization, personality is as valuable today as in the period of greater individualism, and the tact and fair dealing of Mr. Taylor have served not only to increase the business of his company but also to preserve and strengthen the cordial relations between that corporation and the general public.
Samuel Evan Taylor was born in Birmingham, England, July 19, 1865, and is the only representative of his family to become an American. His father, now deceased, was Samuel Taylor, a native of Birmingham, while his mother is Helen (Bown) Taylor, who was born in Stowe, England. Mr. Taylor's mother and a brother and sister are still living at Birmingham.
His brother is Leslie Bown Taylor, vice president and general manager of
the Westley-Richards Company of Birmingham, a firm of world reputation
as manufacturers of guns, pistols, and small arms of every description.
Mr. Taylor spent his boyhood in England and was educated at King
Edward VI Grammar School in Birmingham. In early manhood he came to
America, and rose to an important position with the Erie Car Works, Lim
ited, of Pennsylvania. In 1895 he resigned that work to become cashier in
the Atlantic office of the Standard Oil Company. From that he was promoted to state manager. Mr. Taylor is a democrat in politics, but has had no part
in practical politics. He is a member of the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce,
of the Atlanta Athletic Club, the Capital City Club, and is affiliated with
Georgia Lodge No. 96, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, and the Royal
Arcanum. In April, 1892, Mr. Taylor married Miss Anna Slider. His home
is at 62 West Tenth Street, and his office on Ponders Avenue at Means Street.

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1897

MAJ.-GEN. AMBROSE R. WEIGHT was born in Louisville, Jefferson County, April 26,1826, and died in Augusta, Georgia, December 21, 1872.
He was admitted to the bar and moved to Dooly County to practice his profession. The new country was unhealthful, and he returned to Jefferson.
In 1850 his father died, and his share of the estate brought him a competency. In the meantime he had built up a fine practice in'Louisville. In January,
1859, he moved to Augusta and formed a co-partnership with Judge William Gibson. In the presidential campaign of that year he was a warm supporter
of Bell and Everett, or the "Union Ticket," as it was termed. After the election in 1860, always an ardent Southern and states-rights man, he affiliated with the secessionists in Georgia and earnestly advocated the pas sage of the ordinance of secession. After the passage of the ordinance, he was appointed a commissioner to Maryland, while Governor Johnson was appointed commissioner to Virginia, for the purpose of inducing those states to secede. He visited Maryland, but failed in his mission. Seeing that war was inevitable, General Wright returned^ to Augusta and in April, 1861, enlisted as a private in the Confederate Light Guards, one of the companies of the Third Georgia. He was chosen colonel of the regiment and his suc cessful expeditions against the enemy in' North Carolina advanced him to a brigadier-generalship. He was promoted just prior to the seyen-days' battle around Richmond. His brigade afterward participated in the various severe engagements of the Virginia campaigns and played a conspicuous part along the line of the Emmettsburg Road, Gettysburg, and in the general retreat he held a Federal Corps in check at Manassas Gap pending the arrival of Ewell. In the fall of 1863 he was elected to the State Senate, of which he was chosen president, and at the adjournment of the Legislature he returned to the front and resumed command of his brigade. This he led through the Wilderness campaign and in the siege of Petersburg. He was placed in command of the post at Augusta, in the fall of 1864 was promoted to be major-general and commanded a division in the operations around Savannah and was with General Johnston in North Carolina at the time of the final surrender. In the spring of 1866 he reopened his law office in Augusta and became one of the editors of the Chronicle and Sentinel. He was elected a delegate from the state-at-large to the Democratic National Convention, in 1872, and was elected to represent the Eighth Congressional District in the fall of that year,
but died, as stated, in the following December.

CLARK HOWELL. To few of the greater of the daily newspapers of the country has it been given to achieve such distinctive national reputation as the Atlanta Constitution, and the present editor, Hon. Clark Howell, has proved effectually that he has not stood in the shadow of greatness 'though in his present editorial, position he is the successor of that eminent Georgian and splendid orator, the late Henry W. Grady, whose reputation transcends limitations of time and place. Mr. Howell stands today as one of the fore most representatives of southern journalism, with broad and beneficent influ ence in public affairs in Georgia, and historic consistency makes incumbent the offering in this publication of a brief review of his career. Concerning him may be given in a prefatory way the following estimate, written by one familiar with his career and appreciative of his character and services: "Mr. Howell's career holds within its recorded and its potential chapters the strong blend and inspiration of the old and the new South. He is national in his mental horizon, seeing issues in other than their local bearings or their immediate effect; he leans, temperamentally, rather to that which is . proved and established, yet his career shows a strong grasp of the elements of progress and improvement; he has a definite comprehension of the resources and possibilities of Georgia, the South and the whole country and an earnest

1898

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

desire to promote their development; lie is energetic, buoyant and persistent; his loyalty to his word and to his personal friendships is proverbial."
The great Civil war was ravaging in the South at the time when Clark Hpwell was ushered into the world, and thus he has no personal memory of the conditions that obtained during the patrician old regime, though fully appreciative of its traditions and gracious ideals. He was born at the old home of his mother, at Erwinton, Barnwell County, South Carolina, on the 21st of September, 1863, and is a son of Capt. Evan P. and Julia (Erwin) Howell, the devoted mother having returned from Atlanta to her old home as a refugee ahead of General Sherman, then at Chattanooga on his way to Atlanta. Captain Howell was then with the Confederate forces and was in command of his battery of artillery at the battle of Chiekamauga when this, his first child, was born. After the close of the war Clark Howell was afforded the advantages of the grammar and high schools of Atlanta, in which city his father, acquiring a controlling interest in the property, became editor in chief of the Atlanta Constitution in 1877. He entered the University of Georgia in the autumn of 1880, and in 1883 he was graduated with the degree of bachelor of arts. Immediately after his graduation from the university. Mr. Howell, went, for the training, to the national metropolis, where he served as a reporter on the "New York Times. Later he held a position on the night telegraph desk of the Phila delphia Press, and in both of these connections he manifested the ability which has marked his association with independent journalism in later years. While on the Philadelphia Press he obtained a famous and historic interview with Hon. Samuel J. Tilden, an interview that effectually silenced the national democratic demand for the renomination of Tilden for the presidency of the United States. Concerning this noteworthy achieve ment on the part of the ambitious and self-reliant young newspaper man, the following pertinent statements have been written: '' Tilden had refused to make utterance on the subject and public opinion conceded to him the nomination if he would consent to accept it. He broke his long silence by a definite interview with the young reporter and positively withdrew his name from consideration. The interview was published the next day in virtually every daily paper in the country," and the talk of the renomination of the "old ticket" ended.
In 1884 Mr. Howell returned to Atlanta, where he was assigned to the night desk in the office of the Atlanta Constitution. It was at this time that he came into association with the brilliant and lamented Henry W. Grady, who was at the time managing editor of the Constitution and who had achieved national fame as an orator, patriot and publicist and who was making a deep impress upon the history of the United States. It has well been said that it is not strange that " under such virile and inspiring preceptorship the broader qualities of the nature of young Howell should have undergone an infinite quickening," and the quotation continues with the following statements: "when Grady was in demand for speeches throughout the coun try, young Clark Howell was left practically in full charge and control of thve news department of the leading paper in the South. It was then he was laying the generous foundations for the executive ability, the thorough knowl edge and the wide sympathies imperative to the man in his present position."
The very nature of his position early made vital Mr. Howell's interest in local affairs of a public order, and he broadened to become well versed in matters of general economic and governmental polity. In 1886 he was nominated for the Legislature, this action having been taken by one of the local factions entirely without his knowledge that his name was even under consideration. At the polls he led the ticket. As representative of Fulton County in the Legislature he served three consecutive terms, with distinctive loyalty and broad grasp of affairs, the while the estimate placed upon him

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1899

by his confreres is shown by his having served at twenty-seven years of age as speaker of the House during his last term, further significance being given to this preferment by reason of the legislative assembly during that term having been known as the "Farmers' Alliance Legislature," its members representing the best and most productive industrial element in the citizen
ship of the state. Upon the death of Henry W. Grady, in 1889, Clark Howell, then only
twenty-six years of age, succeeded him as managing editor of the Constitu tion. He completed his term in the Legislature and refused to "become a candidate for re-election, as he believed that his enlarged responsibilities in connection with the newspaper should receive his entire time and attention. In 1897 his father disposed of his interest in the Constitution and retired from business, and although at the time Clark Howell owned but a few shares of the stock of the corporation, he had shown such fidelity, circum spection and executive and editorial ability that the new owners elected him to succeed his honored father in the position of editor in chief, and this is one of the few instances in the history of American journalism where so young a man has been given undisputed control of the policies and direction of a paper of the importance of the Atlanta Constitution.
In 1901" Mr. Howell repurchased the shares of stock which had previously been sold by his father, and later became associated with his brother, Albert Howell, Jr., and Roby Robinson, in acquiring the interests of the largest stockholder, Col. William A. Hemphill. At this juncture a reorganization of the corporation was effected, Mr. Howell continuing in the position of editor in chief, and later becoming general manager of the whole property. These conditions have since obtained in the control of this old and important newspaper enterprise and the Constitution has not been permitted to abate by one jot or tittle its high standard, either from a literary standpoint or as an effective vehicle of news and exponent of the interests of Atlanta, of Georgia and of the entire South, the while Mr. Howell has directed its political policies with the discrimination, loyalty and circumspection that mark him one of the really great editors of the United States. He is a member of the board of directors of the Associated Press, a position which he has held since its organization in 1900. His civic loyalty is of the most sincere, insistent and helpful order and has been manifested in manifold directions, including his service for a number of years past as a member of the board of trustees of the University of Georgia.
In 1896 Mr. Howell was elected Georgia's member of the Democratic Na tional Committee, a position in which he has continued since, being now the oldest member in service completing his twenty-fourth year in 1920. A succinct survey of the salient points in his political or public career is that given in the following liberal quotations from a previously published review:
" Under the rotation plan of electing State Senators, the right in 1900 fell to Fulton county. Mr. Howell was tendered the nomination and was elected without opposition, and he was chosen president of the senate through the unanimous vote of its members. At the expiration of his term the designation of a senator for this district would naturally have fallen to Clayton county, but that county established a new precedent in Georgia politics by voluntarily abrogating its right in favor of Fulton and incidentally as a mark of appreciation of the services of Mr. Howell, who was re-elected as the senator from the district and again chosen president of the upper house of the Legislature, in which his total period of service aggregated -five years."
The key to Mr. Howell's success in professional and public life may largely be found in the broad, constructive policies exemplified in the Atlanta Con stitution.
Mr. Howell has been twice married, in 1887 to Miss Harriet Barrett, of Augusta, by whom there'survives one son, Clark, Jr.; and in 1900 to Miss

1900

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

Annie Comer, of Savannah, the children of the second union being three sons, Hugh Corner, Albert; Jr., and Julian.

ROBERT G. STEPHENS, M. D. We are told that one of the most famous temples for the teaching of the healing art, in the infancy of medical science, was erected on the Island of Cos, in the Aegean Sea, the birthplace of Hip pocrates, the "Father of Medicine." It must be a question over which more than one young physician and surgeon has pondered as to the equipments of such a temple for the curing or alleviating of the ills which afflicted then as they do now the human race, as they compare the great schools of learning, with their libraries, their clinics and their trained instructors, from whicii they have received their degrees after years of hard study. They have had every opportunity to perfect themselves in anatomy, as such opportunities were unknown in early days, also the advantages to perfect in surgical technique, which the ancient students had no chance to practically experience. Yet, in every complete medical library will, at the present day, be found excerpts
at least from writings by those students in the ancient temples, and some of them are full of sound wisdom. Thus, wide, deep and broad is the science of medicine, old as history and yet, daily, making such strides forward that seemingly the future can hold but few more secrets.
Among the enthusiastic and successful medical men of Atlanta, one of diligent observation and breadth of view, is Dr. Robert Grier Stephens, whose large practice gives evidence of the confidence and esteem in which he is held. He was chief medical examiner of the Atlanta public schools from June, 1910, to June, 1915.
Robert Grier Stephens was born at Crawfordsville, Georgia, June 17, 1881, and is a son of Col. John A. and Emma Simpson (Reid) Stephens, and a grand-nephew of that great Southern statesman, Hon. Alexander H. Stephens.
Col. John A. Stephens, father of Doctor Stephens, was a man of both professional and military prominence. He was born at Hamilton, in Harris County, Georgia, October 22, 1838. During the war between the states he served with rank of major in the Confederate army, and following the close of the war served as state senator and as adjutant-general of Georgia, from 1882 until 1886, in .December of the latter year resigning, and his death occurred April 12, 1887. From 1869 until 1877 he engaged in the practice of law in Atlanta and was one of the law partners of Gen. Lucius J. Gartrell, who was a distinguished man of Georgia in his day. In 1877 Colonel Steph ens removed from Atlanta to Crawfordsville and from there, in 1881, to Washington, Georgia, which continued to be his home during the rest of his life. On January 14, 1867, he was united in marriage with Mrs. Emma (Simpson) Reid, widow of Capt. James Reid, who was adjutant of the Sixth Georgia regiment and was killed at the battle of Seven Pines, in May, 1862. Mrs. Stephens was born in Wilkes County, Georgia, July 9, 1842. She was a daughter of W. W. Simpson, a prominent planter before the Civil war in Wilkes and Hancock counties and also a prosperous banker, a man of stand ing and affluence. Mrs. Stephens survived until June 23, 1900. Four chil dren were born to John A. Stephens and wife, of whom Robert Grier is the youngest. Lucy died in infancy, and Mrs. Janie Avary and Alexander W.
both reside at Atlanta,
After being graduated from the University of Georgia as an A. B., in 1902, Robert G. Stephens became a student in the College of Physicians and Surgeons at Atlanta, where he was graduated in 1905, and for one year thereafter was resident physician of the Wesley Memorial Hospital at Atlanta. Since 1906 he has maintained his office in the Chandler Building, Atlanta, and through medical skill and qualifications, has built up a very large prac tice, substantial because it is founded on knowledge and not on experiment.

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1901

i
In 1908-9 he was lecturer on physical diagnosis, in the Atlanta School of Medicine, and in 1910 was elected chief medical examiner for the city's public schools. During his university life he belonged to the Kappa Alpha fraternity and in the medical school entered the Chi Zeta Chi, and for two years held the position of supreme historian of that fraternity, a national position. He is an active member of the Fulton County Medical Society and of the Medical Association of Georgia.
On October 22, 1907, Doctor Stephens was united in marriage with Miss Lucy Evans. Mrs. Stephens is a daughter of the late Gen. Clement A. Evans, one of Georgia's most distinguished sons. Doctor and Mrs. Stephens have three children: Allie Walton, Emma Simpson and Robert Grier, Jr.
As a broad-minded, conscientious citizen, Doctor Stephens keeps well informed concerning all that affects Atlanta's future and in voting for public officials he is careful as to their efficiency. Like his father before him, he is a democrat. He holds membership in the patriotic order of Sons of Veterans, and with his family belongs to the Presbyterian Church.

REV. DUNBAR H. OGDEN, D. D. Some of the most conspicuous leaders in the religious world of the South during the past half century have held the pastorate of the Central Presbyterian Church of Atlanta. Dr. James T. Leftwich, a prince of orators, was called from his labors as a pastor of this flock to one of the most noted churches of Baltimore. Dr. William E. Boggs, who succeeded him, a ripe scholar and a much beloved man, became, in after years, chancellor of the University of Georgia. Dr. Givens B. Strickler and Dr. Theron H. Rice, were both called from this church to professorships in Union Theological Seminary at Richmond, Virginia, the former to the chair of systematic theology, the latter to the chair of homiletics.
Dr. Dunbar H. Ogden, the present pastor, worthily ranks with his dis tinguished predecessors in this apostolic succession. Though he is still a young man, his spiritual and intellectual gifts, his skill as an organizer, and his genius for command, have equipped him in a marked degree for leader ship and made him a conspicuous figure in the councils of his grea,t denomina tion. He belongs to the noted Ogden family which began its American his tory some two centuries and a half ago, in old Elizabethtown, New Jersey. This branch of the family was founded by John Ogden, a pious English emigrant, who was instrumental in founding the Colony of New Jersey, and who became one of the ruling elders in the First Presbyterian Church of Elizabethtown. On the 250th anniversary of this historic church, Doctor Ogden, a lineal descendant of John Ogden, the pioneer, was invited to par ticipate in the observances and memorial services, in compliment to his revered ancestor.
Robert Ogden, the great-grandfather of Doctor Ogden, was settled for a time at Hillsboro,'North Carolina, where he married a daughter of Governor Nash, the second chief executive of North Carolina under the state consti tution. Subsequently he removed to Louisiana, settling first at Baton Rouge and^ later in New Orleans. Judge Abner Nash Ogden, grandfather of the subject of this sketch, was for many years a justice of the Supreme Court of Louisiana and was recognized as one of the foremost jurists of his time. The Ogden family has long been prominent in Louisiana's professional, social, literary and business life, and not a few of its members have risen to national distinction. Gen. Frederick Nash Ogden was the recognized leader of a famous organization, known as the White League, to which was due the overthrow of the "carpet-bag rule" in the days of so-called reconstruction in the South after the close of the Civil war. The 14th of September is still celebrated in Louisiana as the anniversary of the state's redemption.
Doctor Ogden's father, W. F. Ogden, was a lawyer by profession and was a man of superior mental endowments. But the management of large

1902

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

property interests kept him from taking any conspicuous part in the public life of the state. His name was a synonym for integrity, wherever it was known. The maiden name of Doctor Ogden's mother was Elizabeth Hunt. She was a daughter of David Hunt, a wealthy planter who owned numerous estates along the Mississipi River and who built a lasting monument to his name in the princely benefactions which he bestowed upon religious, educa tional and benevolent enterprises. The whole lower Mississippi Valley is still fragrant with the memory of this beloved humanitarian and philan thropist.
When the subject of this sketch was only five months old he was bereaved of his mother's gentle care and influence but was fortunate in having her place supplied, in large measure, by his paternal aunt, Miss Elizabeth Ogden, who reared him from childhood and who left the impress of her rearing indelibly stamped upon his character.
Dr. Dunbar H. Ogden was born in the City of New Orleans, on the 12th of April, 1878. His boyhood days were passed partly in his native city and partly on a plantation some few miles distant therefrom. This plantation, known by the somewhat odd name of "Hole-in-the-Wall," is mentioned by Mark Twain in his celebrated "Life on the Mississippi." Young Ogden received his elementary education at Chamberlain-Hunt Academy, Fort Gibson, Mississippi, and at Tulane High School, in New Orleans. Financial reverses overtaking his father, Dunbar, while still a lad, began work as a stenographer, relinquishing for the time being his educational pursuits. But the training of early years bore fruit in a resolution, formed at this period, to enter the ministry of the Presbyterian Church, and he lost no time in putting this resolution into effect. Next to his aunt's influence, perhaps the most powerful individual factor in shaping his life as a minister of the gospel was the influence which radiated from the personality of that grand old man of New Orleans, Dr. Benjamin M. Palmer. Entering the South western Presbyterian University, at Clarksville, Tennessee, young Ogden too*k a four years' course, his degree of Bachelor of Arts having been received in 1*898. He pursued also his theological studies at this institution, in which he was graduated in 1900 with the degree of Bachelor of Divinity.
Doctor Ogden has filled three important pastorates, viz.: The First Pres byterian Church of Columbus, Mississippi, five and one-half years; the First Presbyterian Church of Knoxville, Tennessee, three years; and the Central Presbyterian Church of Atlanta, of which he has now (1915) been pastor for six years. While occupying his first pastorate, at Columbus, Mississippi, he married Miss Grace Augusta Cox, a lineal descendant of John and Priseilla Alden, of pioneer New England renown. Six children, three boys and three girls, have blessed this happy union.
Doctor Ogden's present charge, the Central Presbyterian Church of Atlanta, is one of the largest churches in the Southern Presbyterian General Assembly, perhaps the most vigorous in its varied activities, and the influence which radiates from its pulpit is felt throughout the entire South. His work as pastor has been characterized by increasingly rich results along both spiritual and temporal lines. The degree of Doctor of Divinity was conferred upon Doctor Ogden by Davidson College, within the period of his Knoxville pastorate. As a public speaker he is most- effective in addressing student bodies and in stimulating the religious thought of the young people of the church. One of the characteristics of his ministry has been the fre quency with which he has preached in college centers throughout the South. Doctor Ogden is a profound student not only of theological textbooks but also of present-day sociological and moral problems. His discourses are usually brief, always clear-cut, and seldom fail to impress his hearers. He never sounds an uncertain note. He seizes the sermonic element in the cur rent events of the day and relates himself to the life of his generation in

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1903

such a way as to give his messages a modern application and a vital power for godliness. He holds to an orthodox interpretation of the word of God and is a strong believer in the doctrinal standards, but he preaches theology in terms of modern life rather than in the obsolete molds of scholasticism. His preaching is distinctly ethical. The following extract from an editorial which appeared in one of the Atlanta papers shortly after Doctor Ogden began his pastorate in the Georgia metropolis will fitly conclude this article by summarizing in a brief statement the character of his work. The article is most consistently reproduced in this connection and from its context the following extracts are made:
"For several Aveeks past Dr. Dunbar H. Ogden has been preaching to immense congregations at the Central Presbyterian Church. The seating capacity of its spacious auditorium, which accommodates 1,500 people, has been tested by the crowds which have nocked to hear this eloquent evangel; and notably large has been the attendance upon, the night services. Even the galleries have commenced to wear an animated aspect. Men who have riot heretofore been recognized as church-goers have been irresistibly attracted by this new magnet in the local pulpit. Young and old have felt the magnetic spell which this eloquent interpreter of the divine oracles has cast upon pew
and aisle and corridor at this place of worship; and strangers, observing the churchward drift from Sabbath to Sabbath, have quietly dropped into the
current.
"Dr. Ogden is a man of gifts both versatile and varied. He possesses the contagious enthusiasm of youth. He is also a student. It is never a dis jointed discourse or a medley of mere words which his hearers get. He preaches with animation, with earnestness, with power, with purpose. But the real secret of his magnetism lies in the fact that he brings a message to his day and time, a message which it needs to hear. The truth which he preaches is not new. It is" the trumpet blast of the old gospel. But is keeps his congregation awake. One very important thing which this messagebearer of the twentieth century has learned is that brevity is characteristic of the age and that sermons to be effective must be sententious, epigramatic, to the point. Consequently, he seldom preaches long. But his sermons do the work of dynamos. Keep an eye on this prophet in Israel, for unless the signboards are misleading there is every reason to believe that against the evil tendencies of the time he will prove a bulwark of strength and power
for righteousness."

ALEXANDER HAMILTON STEPHENS. The Little Giant of the South, frail of body but dauntless of soul, was born in Wilkes County, February 11, 1812. His mother died shortly after his birth. His father married again, but both he and his second wife died in 1826, when Alexander was fourteen years of age. The boy then made his home with a maternal uncle who resided in Warren County. It was his first intention to prepare for the ministry and his earlier studies were directed toward that end, but when he had completed two years of his course at the University of Georgia, he determined upon dedicating himself to the law. He graduated in 1832, spent two years there after in teaching, and in 1834 located at Crawfordsville and began the sys tematic study of his profession. In July of that year he was admitted to the bar.
In 1836 Mr. Stephens was elected to the State Legislature. In those days? the ablest men were not averse to entering the General Assembly. From the hour of his first speech in the House of Representatives he was regarded as a man of mark. He was re-elected to the House of Representatives, and later, in 1842, was elected to the State Senate. In 1843 he was nominated by the whig party as their candidate for Congress. James H. Starke, of Butts County, was the democratic nominee. Mr. Stephens' personal influence and
Vol. IV-5

1904

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

power were never shown to greater advantage than in this campaign. His youthful appearance, his slender figure and boyish voice contrasted strangely with the cogency of his arguments, the copiousness of his knowledge and the power and persuasiveness of his eloquence. It was in this campaign that he utterly routed Walter T. Colquitt, the ablest stump speaker in Georgia, in a joint debate at Newnan, As a result of this contest Mr. Stephens was elected at the age of thirty-one to represent the state in the Federal Congress.
After sixteen years in Congress Mr. Stephens retired to his home at Liberty Hall, as he hoped, to spend the rest of his days in quiet. His name was constantly spoken of in connection with the office of President, but he steadfastly declined the appeals of his friends who urged him to become a candidate for the great office. Mr. Stephens was bitterly opposed to seces sion, but Mr. ToombSj his great contemporary, led the movement in favor of secession and won. Then followed, as Mr. Stephens had predicted, the bloodi est war of all time. The Confederate Government was established by eleven Southern states with Jefferson Davis as president, and Alexander Stephens as vice president. Then followed all the bloody horror, from the firing on Fort Sumter to the surrender of General Lee at Appomattox. After the sur render Mr. Stephens was arrested and sent to prison at Fort Warren in Boston Harbor, remaining there from May 25, 1865, to October 12th, following.
In January of the following year Mr. Stephens and H. V. Johnson were elected by the Legislature to the United States Senate, but were not allowed to take their seats, Mr. Stephens moved quietly through the awful Recon struction period of his state, urging the people to be patient.
In 1868 he was elected professor of political science and history in the University of Georgia, but on account of ill health was compelled to decline. In 1870 he completed the second volume of his history and then wrote a school history of the United States.
In 1873 on the death of Gen. A. R. Wright, who had been elected to Con gress from the Eighth District, Mr. Stephens' old district, he was prevailed upon to enter the race for Congress, and was elected without opposition from any quarter, the republicans and democrats alike voting for him. On his return to Congress his influence in that body became even greater than it had ever been.
Mr. Stephens could have remained in Congress until his death had he so desired, but the people of Georgia, with a desire to testify again their great affection for him, elected him governor in October, 1882. He was inaugurated on the following November and filled the office until Sunday morning, March 4, 1883, when he was retired by death from his earthly labors.

WALTER RANDOLPH DALEY. Success in any pursuit can only be achieved by effort, and when we see a man occupying a prominent place in the front rank of a difficult profession, like that of law, we know that he is a worker and a man of intellectual power. Among the successful lawyers of Atlanta, Georgia, is Walter Randolph Daley, member of the firm of Daley & Cham bers, whose offices are located in the Grant Building, this city. Mr. Daley is a native Georgian, having been born in Effingham County, May 2, 1857. In his veins runs Irish blood, his paternal grandfather coming to this country from Ireland and settling in the Barnwell district of South Carolina. There, *in Barnwell County, was born Hon. Alexander W. Daley, the-father of the subject of this memoir. Removing to Effingham County, Georgia, in early manhood, he resided in that county, and in Scriven and Tatnall counties, Georgia, until 1869. He then removed to Johnson County, this state, where he died April 1, 1873, at the age of fifty-three years. For several years he practiced law in Reidsville, Tatnall County, and later for several years in Wrightsville, Johnson County, which was his place of residence at the time

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1905

of his death. A man of great ability, he took a prominent part in public affairs, serving in the Georgia State Senate one term, representing Tatnall, Liberty and Mclntosh counties, and being a member of the last session of the state Legislature which met at Milledgeville, Georgia, just prior to the removal of the capital to Atlanta. He was also a member of the constitu tional convention in 1865, representing the same three counties above men tioned. Hon. Alexander Daley was twice married; the second time in the early '50s to a widow, Mrs. Brinson, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Clifford Williams. She died at Wrightsville, Georgia, October 5, 1905, in her eighty-fourth year. Of this second union five children were born four sons and one daughter as follows: Alexander F., a lawyer and ex-judge of the Superior Court, now deceased, who resided at Wrightsville, Georgia; Francis W., now deceased; Walter Randolph, whose name forms the caption of this article, and who was third in order of birth; Claudius C. and Laura M., both of whom live in Atlanta.
The early life of Walter R. Daley was chiefly spent in Reidsville and Wrightsville, Georgia. While still residing in the latter place, in the early '80s, he began the study of law in the office of Mynatt & Howell, in Atlanta, arid was admitted to the bar December 12, 1881. Beginning the practice of his profession in Wrightsville, he remained there until his removal to Atlanta in 1890. Here he has continued in the active practice of law and for many years past has been the senior member of the firm of Daley & Chambers, his legal associate being Aldine Chambers, one of the prominent attorneys of Atlanta. The firm has a large clientele and handles a large amount of important law business annually, the reputation of its two members for the skillful and successful handling of cases being among the best, Mr. Daley belongs to the Atlanta Bar Association and the Georgia State Bar Associa tion. Politically he is a democrat both by inheritance and principle, but has never sought or held any political office. He served, however, for five years on the Atlanta Board of Education, and for about half that time was presi dent of the board. He is affiliated fraternally with the Masonic Order, in which he has advanced as far as the Chapter, and with the Elks, and is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church South.
Mr. Daley was married, May 24, 1883, to Miss Mattie McCauley Arline, of Wrightsville, Georgia. They have four children, three sons and one daughter, namely: Wallace T. and Walter Erie, both lawyers of Atlanta, who are associated with the firm of Daley & Chambers; Lucile and Claudius, all four of whom reside at home.
DBS. HEEBEET E. TETJAX AND FLOEENCE TIPPETT TEUAX. No era earlier than the twentieth or late nineteenth centuries could have produced such noble combinations of professional equality and married companionship as those of the Professors Curie of Paris or the Doctors Truax of Atlanta. The latter pair form the united subject of this sketch. Dr. Herbert Truax and Dr. Florence Truax present a fine example of two admirably blended medical careers, each in itself of exceptional distinction and each lending inspiration and added prestige to the other. For more than a dozen years the domestic and professional affairs of these two doctors have been united, both having been prominent and successful physicians in Atlanta before that time.
Dr. Herbert Elmer Truax comes of a Canadian French family who trace their ancestry back to the French Huguenots bearing the name of de Truax. The coat of arms used by the original Count de Truax has been identified by his American descendants. That early scion of the French nobility is said to have lived in the dim period during which battle-axes were used in warfare, and is reputed to have wielded such a weapon with never-failing accuracy. Anglo-Saxon contemporaries pronounced his a "true axe" indeed, asserting that the name "de Truax" was fitly borne. In'migrating to

1906

GEORGIA AND GEOBGIANS

America, the de Truax or Truax family settled in and about Toronto.
Near that city was born, in about 1830, one Galloway Truax, who was destined to become a physician and the father of that Dr. Herbert Truax whose name stands at the head of this review. Another migration of a branch of the Truax family brought Galloway Truax in early years to
De Kalb County, Illinois. In that state Doctor Truax spent his active life as a physician. His wife was a lady of Canadian birth and English descent, named before her marriage Mary Roxana Stiles. With her Dr. Galloway Truax was permitted by a gracious providence to spend sixty .beneficent years of wedded life. As they neared old age and retired from life's more strenuous activities, they owned a winter home at Talapoosa, Georgia, where they lived for about ten years; but eventually they came to live in Atlanta, with their son, Dr. Herbert Truax, with whom they resided until their deaths. Mary Roxana Truax passed from earthly life on January 18, 1911. Her husband followed her to the shadowy border on July 26, 1912. At the little City of Genoa, Illinois, stands the monument erected to their memory by their son, Dr. Herbert E. Truax.
The birthplace of that distinguished son of the parents above described was in De Kalb'County, Illinois. There Herbert Elmer Truax was born on March 29, 1861. Gifted with the birthright of scientific interest as well as of mental alertness, he made thorough use of the educational facilities at his disposal. Ascending his chosen ladder of learning, round by round, he was barely twenty-five when he stepped upon the professional stage as a doctor of medicine. The original alma mater of Doctor Truax was the University of Iowa, in' the medical department of which institution he gained strong and stable foundations for his life-work. But Doctor Truax was not to be satisfied with mere fitness; his must be exceptionally superior preparation. After a few years of successful practice in Iowa, he passed to the Chicago College of Physicians and Surgeons. There he pursued post-graduate studies, which he completed in 1890. He then proceeded to practice as a specialist in eye, ear, nose and throat diseases in that same metropolis. Remaining in Chicago for eleven years, he won during that time yet a third diploma, graduating in 1894 from the Hahnemann Medical School of that
city.
In 1901, Dr. Herbert Truax located in Atlanta, where he has ever since been actively engaged in hospital work. In 1904 he won a professional partner as well as a life companion in Dr. Florence Tippett. The two physicians had known each other for some time in Atlanta, but at the time of their marriage both were in attendance at the Congress of the National Medical Association at St. Louis, during the season of the world's fair in the Missouri city. This auspicious occasion Doctors Truax and Tippett chose as the appropriate time for uniting their lives and careers. On June 13th of that summer they were made man and wife in the City of St. Louis and returned to Atlanta as the Doctors Truax.
We here turn back to a consideration of the biographical details of the life of Dr. Florence Truax during the years when she was known as Miss Florence Tippett, M. D., and for some brief facts concerning her ancestry. Her American forbears were first located on the Atlantic seaboard of the United States. Her great-grandfather Heath was none other than that illus trious Gen. William Heath, who was a member of George Washington's staff during the Revolutionary war. The general's sons went westward to Ohio, and it was in Ross County of that state that his granddaughter, Catharine Heath, was born, on January 11, 1842. Licking County, in the same state, was the birthplace of Camberland Tippett, whose natal day was January 28, 1837. When these two reached maturity they married, and Camberland Tippett entered the ministry of the Methodist Episcopal Church. Their life together was fated to be comparatively short. They settled in Piatt County,

GEORGIA AND GEOEGIANS

1907

Illinois, where the Reverend Tippett ministered to the spiritual needs of many villages and a wide expanse of country, performing more than 700 marriage ceremonies and countless baptisms during the fifteen years of his activity as a clergyman. On October 1, 1875, he died at the age of thirtyeight years. Mrs. Tippett survived her husband through thirty-five years of widowhood. Her life closed at Monticello, Illinois, on l\farch 16, 1909, at the age of sixty-seven years.
A Methodist Episcopal parsonage in Piatt County, the home of that once young minister and his wife, was the birthplace of the little Florence Tippett, now so well known as Dr. Florence Truax. The date of her birth was Decem ber 18, 1871. Although her father died when she was a 'small child, her ability and perseverance were such that an education beyond the good fortune of most women at that time was for her a foregone conclusion. In 1895 she was graduated from the University of Illinois, one of the leading and largest state universities of the United States, though at that time its women students were few. In 1897, Miss Tippett came to Atlanta in search of a better climate than that afforded by her native state. She here entered the Atlanta Med ical College, from which institution she was graduated in 1900, taking first honors in her class of twenty-six, of which she was the only lady member. Since that time Doctor Tippett-Truax has done post-graduate work in med ical colleges of Cincinnati, Chicago and New York City. At the first of these above-named cities, she 1 pursued special courses in surgery. As Doctor Tip pett, she established an enviable reputation as a practicing physician in
Atlanta. Since the Tippett-Truax marriage, the two Doctors Truax have been asso
ciated together in all their work. As has been stated above, Dr. Herbert Truax had been prominently and successfully engaged in hospital work ever since locating in Atlanta. Since 1904 Dr. Florence has given her invaluable assistance to this work, which has in turn provided an exception ally advantageous field for her peculiar talents. In 1907 the Doctors Truax established the Sanitarium de Truax at Number 497 Cherokee Avenue, in Atlanta, and conducted it on a most successful basis for seven years. In 1914 Doctor Truax was commissioned as a surgeon in the French army and sold the Sanitarium de Truax in order to be free for the service. Arrangements having been made with the French ambassador at Washington, Doctor Truax proceeded at once to Johns Hopkins Hospital for some special preliminary work in surgery, directly in line with his purposed work abroad. AVhile per forming an operation at that hospital, he became infected with tetanus serum and came near losing an arm before his recovery. This necessitated a change in his plans. Instead of sailing for France to add unique distinction to his reputation as a surgeon in the French army in the most tremendous war the world has ever seen, Doctor Truax returned to Atlanta, and rejoining his wife, continued the inestimably useful work for which they are so well known. The Doctors Truax have since that time established a new hospital. This institution is located at 201 Capitol Avenue, in Atlanta, and is known as the Co-operative Hospital. The cases taken here are general in scope and receive the skillful and experienced treatment of the two doctors themselves.
Dr. Florence Truax finds time for various social and philanthropic asso ciations, in addition to those of a professional nature. She is a member of the Daughters of the American Revolution; the Southern Association of College AVomen; the Southern Women.'s Medical Association; the Writers' Club of Atlanta; and the Women's Club of the same city. Her religious affiliation is Methodist and she has charge of the medical department of the Wesley House Settlement. She also holds the office of president of the Women's Third Ward Civic Club. '
Dr. Herbert E. Truax, though an almost phenomenally busy man, with many professional responsibilities, is more popular with his fellow-men than

1908

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

are most physicians. His genial nature makes him a favorite in many frater nal organizations, including the Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and the Knights of Pythias. Both he and his wife belong to the Fulton County Medical Society, the Medical Association of Georgia, the Southern Medical Association and the American Medical Association. Their combined reputations travel through many states and their work of healing renews many lives. They have no living children of their own, but their hundreds of patients and ex-patients, old and young, claim them with an appreciation not always vouchsafed to mere kindred. It is therefore with signal pleasure that the writer presents this review of Dr. Herbert E. Truax and Dr. Florence T. Truax, his wife.

GROVEB MIDDLEBROOKS. There is no doubt but that the members of the bar form one of the most brilliant sections of society, in the general scheme that includes educative influence and chance of personal advancement. In every community it is to the lawyer that each one turns for advice, not alone on legal subjects, and to his judgment is submitted the weighty matters affecting commercialism and permanent development. Hence comes the dig nity inherent in the profession and few, indeed, are the practitioners who ever rise many steps, who do not sacredly preserve its ethics. In part, perhaps, this explains why so many of the thoroughly educated young men of school and college choose the law, with its difficult professional road to travel, as a career. Atlanta has many examples and one whose future appears espe cially promising is Grover Middlebrooks, who is junior member of the pros perous law firm of Bryan, Jordan & Middlebrooks, with offices in the Candler Building at Atlanta.
Grover Middlebrooks was born at Atlanta, October 14, 1887. His par ents, Capt. William M. and Mattie Lee (Turner) Middlebrooks, were born in Harris County, Georgia. They were married in Atlanta in 1885 and have lived in this city ever since, Captain Middlebrooks being a well known merchant here. During the war between the states he was an officer, captain of his company, in the Confederate army.
After being graduated from the Atlanta High School, in 1904, Grover Middlebrooks entered the University of Georgia, where he was graduated with the degree of A. B. in 1907, and completed his course in law in the university in 1908. Continuously since that time he has practiced law at Atlanta, and in 1913 entered into his present partnership with Shepard Bryan, under the name of Bryan & Middlebrooks. Mr. Bryan of this firm is president of the Atlanta Bar Association, to which Mr. Middlebrooks belongs, as he does also the Georgia State Bar Association.
In political sentiment Mr. Middlebrooks is a democrat and is ever deeply interested in public matters from a democratic standpoint. Mr. Middlebrooks has a wide circle of personal friends, possessing an agreeable manner and displaying those generous and uncritical qualities which make companion ships enjoyable. He is a Master Mason and belongs to the Capital City and the Atlanta Athletic clubs, and is an influential factor in the progressive work of the Atlanta. Chamber of Commerce.

ROBERT TOOMBS, soldier, financier and statesman, was a native of Wilkes County, Georgia, born July 2, 1810. He commenced his higher courses in Franklin College, but completed his classical training at Union College,
Schenectady, New York, in 1828. He then studied law for a year in the Uni versity of Virginia, and in March, 1830, was admitted to the bar in Elbert County, Georgia. For many years thereafter he maintained a practice which was never excelled in accumulative importance by any in the state. He served as a member of the Georgia Legislature from 1837 to 1840 and from 1841 to 1844. His congressional career began as a member of the Twenty-

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1909

ninth Congress in 1845, .to which he was elected as a states-rights whig. He was re-elected to the Thirtieth, Thirty-first and Thirty-second congresses. He was then promoted to the United States Senate, his service in that body beginning March 4, 1853. He served a full term; was re-elected, and was in the second year of service of the second term upon the outbreak of the war. He had therefore sixteen years of continuous service in the Federal Congress. Upon the election of Lincoln, he recognized the fact that there was no longer any hope for the South under the Constitution, and that its only safety lay in separation. He took up the argument in favor of secession in Georgia in conjunction with the Cobbs and with Joe Brown; and notwithstanding the tre mendous ability of the opposing leaders, Alexander Stephens, Ben Hill and Herschel V. Johnson, Georgia was aligned with the secession column.
Toombs headed the Georgia delegation sent to Montgomery to organize the provisional government. It was confidently anticipated by many that he would be elected president of the new republic. When Jefferson Davis was chosen, his masterly ability as a financier marked him out as the logical man for secretary of the treasury but, instead, he was made secretary of state. There was but little to do, and his bold and active spirit chafed under the inaction of a highly honorable .position, but under the then existing con ditions, one of small utility. He resigned his position to enter the Confed erate army, and was commissioned as a brigadier-general. He was fifty-one years old, an age at which most men are not anxious to take up the arduous life of a soldier. He had had some previous experience in the Creek war of 1836. He was given a brigade of Georgians, and from the day he took com mand of his brigade until he sorrowfully resigned in 1863, he led it in the most gallant and heroic fashion. Always at the front on his famous gray mare, Lady Alice, it is not surprising that he was severely wounded. In the spring of 1863 General Toombs, having recovered from his wounds received at Antietam, rejoined his command, and in March, 1863, resigned from the Confederate army. A man of great magnanimity, he yet could not fail to understand that he was not altogether in favor with the administration at Richmond; and feeling that inadequate recognition had been given to his services, he returned to Georgia and labored zealously from that time to the end of the war as inspector-general of Gen. G. W. Smith's division of Georgia Militia, commonly spoken of as "Joe Brown's Army." He took part in the battles around Atlanta, siege of Savannah, a-nd battle of Pocataligo, South Carolina.
At the close of the war he was marked by the Federal Government as one of the men to be seized and, if possible, punished, but he made his escape to Elbert County, and thence to Habersham, and spent the time between that and July, 1865, in various parts of Georgia, always zealously assisted by his friends, and finally succeeded in reaching Paris, France, in July, 1865. General Toombs returned to Canada in January, 1867,. and then called on President Johnson, an old friend, on his way south. The interview between him and President Johnson was lengthy, but never made public. He was never restored to citizenship in the United States, as he refused to the end of his life to ask Congress for pardon.
He resumed the practice of law in partnership with his son-in-law, General Dubose^a man then in the prime of life, and the practice was so successful that it is said that his fees during his remaining period of active practice amounted to more than $1,000,000. He fought with all his strength and energy against the Reconstruction government in Georgia, and was a mighty factor in its overthrow.
To the people of Georgia, though not in official life, he was always a leader and they listened to him gladly. He took strong ground in favor of the new constitution in 1877,- and was elected a member of that body. He was made, chairman of the committee on legislation and of the final committee on

1910

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

revision, and to him Georgia owes those admirable features in that constitu tion which has preserved the state from many ills. During the sitting of the convention, it ran out of the necessary funds to insure its continuance, the provision of the state having been only in the sum of $25,000, which proved insufficient. General Toombs promptly said that, "if the State of Georgia would not pay her debts, he would," and at once placed a sufficient amount in the hands of the president of the convention to enable it to complete its labors. His share in this convention was his last public service, and the greatest service of his life. Thoughtful men now know what the people of Georgia owe to Robert Toombs for his great work in the convention of 1877. The remaining years of his life were spent for the most part in the quiet of his home at Washington. The funeral of his life-long friend, Alexander H.
Stevens, who died while serving as governor, March 4, 1883, was the occasion of his last public appearance, and he himself passed away September 30, 1885.

HON. GEOEGE HILLYEE. To have reached the high altitudes of attain-

ment in but one line of human endeavor, is sufficient achievement for the

great majbrity of the most earnest and ambitious of men, and a casual

survey in any community will prove that but comparatively few have had

the courage, the indomitable will and the steady persistency that are abso

lutely necessary as adjuncts to natural endowments, even for this limited

success. In considering the life and public services of so distinguished a

If

citizen of Atlanta as Hon. George Hillyer, whose notable achievements have

been not only in one avenue but, with equal efficiency, in a score, respectful

personal interest may be forgiven, for his efforts have not only brought

deserved and dignified honors upon himself but have added to the Tin-

diminishing luster of his state and section..

Judge Hillyer comes of distinguished ancestry. On the paternal side,

the Mayflower colonists had occupied their .bleak New England settlement

but ten years, when John Hillyer, a native of England, crossed the mighty

sea and settled at Granby, Connecticut, where he lived until his death, some

twenty years later. The great-grandfather of Judge Hillyer, Dr. Asa, Hillyer,

was a surgeon in the Patriot army and served through the entire Revolution

ary war. His son, Shaler Hillyer, was the founder of the family in Georgia,

removing from Connecticut to that state, in 1796. Among his sons were:

John F., who was a minister in the Baptist Church for nearly seventy years

and died in Texas at the age of eighty-nine years; Shaler G., who was also

a minister for sixty-nine years and died at Atlanta; and Junius, who became

the father of Judge Hillyer.

Junius Hillyer was born in Wilkes County, Georgia, in 1807, and died in

1886. He became eminent in the law and long was a prominent jurist,

member of Congress, and citizen of Athens and of Monroe, Georgia; moving

to Decatur at the close of the war. He married Jane Watkins, who was a

daughter of George Watkins. She was a lineal descendant of an early colonist

of that name, who accompanied Cap! John Smith when he landed at James-

town, Virginia, in 1607. One of the maternal line of uncles of Judge Hillyer

was Peter Early, who was governor of Georgia during the war period of

1812-1814, and another, of an older generation, was George Walton, who was

a signer'of the Declaration of Independence. Junius Hiliyer had five sons:

Eben, a physician, of Rome, Georgia; George; Shaler, who died in 1868;

Carlton, |or many years auditor of the Georgia Railroad, at Augusta, Georgia;

and Henry, a member of the Atlanta bar.

George Hillyer was born at Athens, Georgia, in 1835, and there attended

a primary school for some years. When thirteen years of age his father re

moved with'his family to a farm near Monroe, in Walton County, and there

the years of early youth were passed while he was attending a grammar

school at Monroe and was prepared for college by Hon. W. W. Thomas, then

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1911

an educator and statesman of that section. In 1850, George Hillyer entered Mercer University (then located at Penfield, Georgia, but afterward moved to Macon) and was graduated from that institution in July, 1854, securing honors in all branches of- study. Deciding upon the law as a career, he began its study under the supervision of his father, at Monroe, and in 1855 was admitted to the bar. For two years afterward Mr. Hillyer was associated with his father in a general practice, and afterward, until the opening of the war between the states, was in partnership with Hon. Hope Hull. Already the brilliant young lawyer had become recognized in public life, having, in 1860, represented the-old Sixth District of his state in the National Demo cratic Convention that met at Charleston, in which he registered his preference for the nomination of Hon. Howell Cobb for president.
The first company raised for the war in Walton County was known as Company C, Ninth Regiment Georgia Volunteers, or the Hillyer Rifles, was organized through Mr. Hillyer's zeal and he was commissioned captain of the same and served until October, 1863. Between that date and the sur render he served the State of Georgia as auditor of the old Western Atlantic Railroad, and as major commanding a battalion of state troops. Captain Hillyer participated in the battles of Dam No. 1, in Virginia, in 1862; Garnett's Farm; Suffolk and Fredericksburg, Virginia, and Gettysburg, where he lost in killed, wounded or captured, every man of his company but ten; and in the siege of Charleston, South Carolina. He commanded the regi ment both at Fredericksburg and Gettysburg; all officers above' him having fallen or been carried wounded from the field.
When hostilities finally were brought to a close, Captain Hillyer settled at Atlanta and entered upon a professional and public career of honor and great usefulness, during which he has been identified with much that has contributed to the progress and permanent development of Georgia. Resum ing the practice of law, he continued alone until 1867, when he associated his brother Henry with him,-a partnership which continued until 1892. For eighteen months Mr. Hillyer was associated with Blewett Lee, a son of Gen. Stephen D. Lee, a former prominent officer in the Confederate service. When Mr. Lee accepted the tender of a position as an instructor in the Northwestern University, Chicago, this partnership was broken and Mr. Hillyer subse quently became a member of the widely known law firm of Hillyer, Alexander
and Lambdin.
Although the claims of bench and bar have always been more or less para mount in the busy life of Judge Hillyer, public affairs, in connection with his profession and otherwise, have largely occupied his attention, resulting in legislation of the utmost importance, added revenues and additional prom inence to the state. When only twenty-tAvo years of age, in 1857 he was elected to the General Assembly from Walton County, in 1859 and 1860 serving as chief clerk of the House of Representatives, and, as previously mentioned, served as auditor and four years later was one of three commissioners chosen by the Legislature to audit all claims against the Western & Atlantic Rail road. This commission discovered that it had over 1,200 suits and claims to audit, involving nearly $2,000,000. Judge Hillyer fortunately had associated Avith him two other commissioners possessed of legal wisdom and discretion commensurate in good degree with his own, and settlement was effected for about one-fifth of the sums claimed. After this difficult problem was solved, Governor James M. Smith indorsed the work in a special message to the Legislature.
From 1870 to 1874, Judge Hillyer served ably as a member of the State Senate from the Thirty-fifth District, which embraced Fulton, Clayton and Cobb counties. In the important sessions of this period, during which the state was practically rehabilitated, no man took a more vital interest or worked more efficiently than Senator Hillyer. In 1877 he was appointed

1912

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

judge of the Superior Court of Fulton County by Governor A. H. Colquitt, twice afterward being re-elected to the same judicial position by a unanimous vote. Early in the beginning of his third term as judge of the Superior Court, however, he decided to resign from the bench, desiring to again re-enter private practice. He was, however, not long permitted retirement from the public arena, his quality of conscientious citizenship being so well known and valued that, in 1885 he was elected mayor of Atlanta for a term of two years. In 1874, when a new charter for Atlanta had been formulated to take the place of the old and obsolete measure, Judge Hillyer had taken so active and public spirited a part in drafting the sections relative to the city's financial system, that the people felt that his was the guiding hand they desired to secure its passage through the Legislature and place it upon the statute books.
His.efforts were entirely successful. He served Atlanta as mayor with the wise discrimination that had ever before and has ever since, marked his public conduct, and under his administration great reforms were brought about and public utilities developed. It was largely through his untiring efforts whilst
in the office of mayor, and for many years afterwards as president of the city's board of water commissioners, that this beautiful city secured its unex celled system of water works and his encouragement has ever since been given to measures of all kinds Ms judgment has approved of as being practically beneficial.
.In 1864 Judge Hillyer was sent as a delegate from the Fifth Congressional District of Georgia to the Democratic National Convention that nominated Hon. Grover Cleveland for the presidency, and it is a matter of history that Judge Hillyer, who, in that convention, introduced the first tariff-for-revenueonly resolution, that was ever presented in open convention. In 1892 he was again a delegate to the Democratic National Convention from the same dis trict, In August, 1907, Judge Hillyer was appointed a member of the State Railroad Commission by Governor Hoke Smith, and he has served as such ever since, having been twice elected by the people of the state.
In June, 1867, Judge Hillyer was united in marriage with Miss Ellen Cooley, a daughter of Hollis Cooley of Rome, Georgia, and they had five chil dren born to them: Elizabeth, who is now deceased, .was the wife of Francis M. Coker, Jr., of Atlanta; Minnie, who is the wife of Dr. J. D. Cromer" of Atlanta; Marian, the wife of Dr. Bernard Wclff of Atlanta, now deceased; George, who is an electrical, mechanical and consulting engineer, graduated first from the University of Georgia, at Athens, and later, from Cornell Uni versity, where he secured his professional degree; and Ellen, who is the wife of Alfred C. Newell, of Atlanta. The family's social connections make them familiar with all that is best and most desirable in their own and neighboring cities. For many years Judge Hillyer has been a member of the Second Baptist Church at Atlanta; active in committee and board work of southern Baptists; and both by example and precept he has been influential in further ing the higher things of life. His connection with the Masonic fraternity
dates back to youth.
Ordinarily the biographer might be excused if he called attention to the 11 slippered ease of age" in mentioning one who has counted as many birth days as has Judge Hillyer, but not so in this case. Added years have seemed to have but increased efficiency, broadened circles of usefulness, opened wider the doors of effort and revitalized every faculty. The wisdom and dignity of age are present but the visible signs of his years are entirely absent. "When he celebrated his eightieth birthday in March, 1915, he received the con
gratulations of his hosts of friends while at his desk in the State Capitol and performing His duties as vice chairman of the State Railroad Commission. A pleasing appreciation of this honored Georgian came at that time from Murphey Candler, the chairman of the railroad commission, who said:
" Judge Hillyer is one of the most. remarkable men I know. He is more alert in both body and mind than many men half his age. He is a man of

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1913

the highest ideals arid of the most sterling character, and possesses an excep tionally amiable and loving disposition. It has been both a privilege and a pleasure for me to have been associated with this fine Christian gentleman on the Railroad Commission, of which he is a most conscientious and efficient member.''

HARRISON JONES. Although comparatively a late comer into the legal world of Atlanta, Harrison Jones possesses the highest qualifications for his profession in a quick grasp of salient points, as well as oratorical gifts of no mean nature, and has already achieved prominence and popularity. Mr. Jones was bom at Marion, Smyth County, Virginia, May 23,1887, and is the eldest son of Samuel Dews and Elizabeth (Harrison) Jones, natives of Virginia, the father of near Lynchburg, Campbell County, and the mother of Roanoke, Roanoke County. The parents of Mr. Jones are both living and now reside at Atlanta, whither they came directly from Virginia, in 1898. Samuel Dews Jones is one of the prominent men of Atlanta, being president of the Atlanta Stove Works and ex-president of the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce and of the Atlanta Freight Bureau. Before leaving Virginia he practiced law for ten years at Marion, Virginia, and for a like period was president of the Southwest Virginia Institute at Bristol, now known as Virginia Interment College, one of the leading southern schools for women. On both sides of the family, Harrison Jones is of Revolutionary stock, and on his paternal side is descended from the Indian maiden, Pocahontas. On the maternal side he belongs to the distinguished Harrison family of Virginia.
Harrison Jones was eleven years when brought to Atlanta by his parents, .and here he completed the primary education which he had commenced in the public schools of his native state. After some further preparation he entered the University of Georgia, where he received the degree of Bachelor of Arts, and then entered the University of Michigan, from which institution he was graduated with the class of 1910 and the degree of Bachelor of Laws. Immediately after completing his law course he was admitted to the bar and entered upon the practice of his profession at Atlanta. He was formerly a member of the firm of Brantley, Jones & Brantley, it being composed of Hon. William G. Brantley, Sr., William G. Brantley, Jr., and Mr. Jones. This firm has since been dissolved, owing to the removal of Mr. Brantley, Sr., to Washington, D. C., and Mr. Jones is now practicing alone.
Mr. Jones belongs to the Atlanta Bar Association." He is well known in -club and social circles, being a member of the University Club, the Piedmont Driving Club and the Ansley Park Golf Club. He also holds membership in the Chamber of Commerce, is president of the University of Georgia Alumni Association of Atlanta and president of the Carnegie Library Board of this city. He is also well known in the National Guard, in which he has held the ranks of first lieutenant and captain. Mr. Jones belongs to the Baptist Church.
On October 8, 1913, Mr. Jones was married to Kathryn Gordon, of Atlanta, formerly of Columbus, Georgia. They have no children.

JOHN QUINCY BRANTLEY, M. D. It is doubtful if- any one family has contributed more able members of the medical profession to Georgia during the last fifty or sixty years than that bearing the name Brantley. Dr. John Q. Brantley, who for a number of years has been prominent in professional circles at Atlanta, is only one of a numerous relationship that has been identified with the same profession, and he may properly be said to come from a family of doctors, both his father and grandfather before him having done their part in alleviating pain and suffering among a large circle of patients in their respective communities of Georgia.
Born on a farm in Gwinnett County, Georgia, November 25, 1880, John

1914

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

Quincy Brantley is a son of the late Dr. Quincy Lueius Brantley and a grandson of Dr. L. G. Brantley. Dr. L. G. Brantley, who was a well known practitioner and for many years a resident of Social Circle, Georgia, had three sons and one daughter who adopted the same profession. Their names were: Dr. James P. Brantley, of Atlanta; Dr. William A. Brantley, of Lithonia, Georgia; Dr. Lucy McCullough, now deceased;, and Dr. Quincy L. Brantley, also deceased. Quincy L. Brantley's professional services were chiefly performed in Gwinnett County. He died in Cobb County February 19, 1898, as a result of injuries received in a railroad accident. His widow, whose maiden name was Sarah J. Hutching, was born and reared in Gwinnett. County and is now living with her son Dr. John Quincy at Atlanta. Pur suing the family relationship with the medical profession still further, it should be stated that Dr. John Q. Brantley has a brother, Dr. Henry Grady Brantley, also numbered among Atlanta's physicians, while one of his.
cousins is Dr. James L. E. Brantley, also of Atlanta. John Quincy Brantley grew up in Gwinnett County, and from early
years his education was directed with a view to his entering the medical profession. In 1898 he graduated from the Roswell High School, and in 1905 from the Georgia College of Eclectic Medicine and Surgery at Atlanta. Subsequently in 1909 he received a degree from the Hospital Medical College of Atlanta. Since 1905 he has been actively engaged in the practice of medicine at Atlanta. In addition to his private practice he also filled other engagements, and during 1910-11 was Professor of Obstetrics in the Hospital Medical College and is now Professor of the Practice of Medicine in the
Georgia College of Eclectic Medicine and Surgery. He is a member of the Georgia State Eclectic Medical Association and
the National Eclectic Medical Association, has fraternal affiliations with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Junior Order of United American Mechanics, and is a member of the Baptist Church. In 1903 Doctor Brantley married Miss Maud Lillian Tinney, who died November 30, 1914, leaving one
child, John Q. Brantley, Jr., now eight years of age.

THOMAS JACKSON RIPLEY. The City of Atlanta is well provided with
members of the learned professions, who stand high in their respective call ings. Among the successful lawyers is Thomas Jackson Ripley, who is a native of the city, having been born on Peachtree Street, July 14, 1862. His father, Thomas Ramsey Ripley, who was the grandson of a Revolutionary soldier, was born in the State of New York and came to Atlanta, Georgia, in 1848. The remainder of his life was spent in this city, where he was engaged in business as a crockery and queensware merchant, for many years, both before and after the Civil war, being located on Whitehall Street, During the war he served for a short time in the Home Guards, but was soon
relieved from military duty on account of sickness. He died in 1888 at the age of sixty-five years. In 1849 he was married in Atlanta to a southern girl, whose maiden name was Laura Daniel Conner, and who was born at Conway, Horry County, South Carolina, November 10, 1832. She is still
living, her home being at Kirkwood, Georgia, and is now in her eighty-third year. In spite of her advanced age she enjoys remarkably good health and is able to attend to all of her own business. From her father, Daniel Conner, she inherited a number of slaves, and it is said that she never allowed one of them to be whipped. Her grandfather, William Conner, was a Revolutionary soldier, from which it will be seen that Thomas Jackson Ripley is
descended from Revolutionary stock on both sides. As to the Civil war, he had relations on both sides of the conflict. Mrs. Laura D. Ripley is in many' respects a remarkable woman, being especially noted for her kind heart and
strong sympathetic nature. During the war, when five Union soldiers who had captured the Southern locomotive "General" and had themselves been

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

'

1915

captured by the Confederates, were being led past her house to their execu tion, she plead for their lives to be spared, but plead in vain, as the soldiers, mere boys, were taken on and executed.
Thomas Jackson Ripley was named for the famous Confederate general Thomas Jonathan Jackson. He has resided in Atlanta all his life, with the exception .of nine years from the age of ten to that of eighteen which were spent on a farm in Barlow County, Georgia. Graduating from the University of Georgia in 1884, with the degree of A. B., he then began the study of law in the office of Hon. Joseph Henry Lumpkin, now one of the justices of the Georgia Supreme Court. He was admitted to the bar in 1888, since which time he has been engaged in the active practice of law in Atlanta, and has gained a high rank in'his profession. For fully twenty-five years Mr. Ripley has served in the Georgia State Troops, and is now a retired lieutenant-colonel. For five years he was captain of Company D, Fifth Georgia regiment, known as the Atlanta Rifles, a command which, at Kansas City, Missouri, in 1890, in a national prize drill, won the first prize, defeating the crack military organizations of the United States. During the SpanishAmerican war he served as first lieutenant of Company E, Third Georgia Volunteers. He is a member of the Atlanta Bar Association, and of the Presbyterian Church. In politics he is a democrat, but has never been a candidate for office.
Mr. Ripley was married, November 25, 1890, to Miss Pauline Howard, of Decatur, Georgia, the daughter of George J. Howard, a lieutenant in the Confederate States Army, who died at Augusta, Georgia, in 1898. Mrs. Ripley is a member of Robert E. Lee Chapter, Daughters of the American Revotioii, being of Revolutionary descent on both sides, the same as her husband. Mr. Ripley and wife have two daughters, both married and residents of Atlanta, namely: Louise, the wife of D. J. Maclntire, Jr., and Laura Howard,' wife of Edward Stauverman. They have also one grandchild, Louise Elizabeth Maclntire, now one year old. Mr. Ripley resides within one block of the house in which he was born more than fifty years ago. He has now in his law office the original secession papers, which fell to him
by will. His uncle, Maj. John Steele, was secretary of the Georgia secession
convention.

ROBERT M. CHARLTON was born in Savannah, Georgia, on January 19, 1807, and died there on January 18, 1854. Robert M. Charlton, in addition to receiving the most liberal education obtainable, had the very great ad vantage of association with a father who was one of the foremost men of his day. Admitted to the bar before he was of legal age, at the age of twentyone he was elected to the State Legislature. At twenty-three he was appointed United States district attorney by President Jackson, and at twenty-eight became judge of the Eastern Judicial Circuit. His father had served six terms as mayor of Savannah, and perhaps no honor which came to the younger Charlton during his life was so highly appreciated by him as his first election to the office of mayor of Savannah, at the age of thirty-two, and he subse quently served two other terms. Charlton Street in Savannah was named in honor of his father shortly after his death, and Charlton County in South Georgia also perpetuates the family name. At the age of forty-four, in the year 1852, he succeeded his distinguished townsman, John McPherson Berrien, in the United States Senate, and while holding that position was hon ored with the appointment as a trustee of the Smithsonian Institution, at Washington. He was among the incorporators of the Georgia Historical Society, and to him is chiefly due the existence of the Episcopal Orphans' Home.
In addition to his legal work and his public service he was a man of fine literary tastes, with strong poetic tendencies, and rested himself in the

1916

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

intervals of his labor by literary work, such as contributions to the Knicker bocker, the leading magazine of that day, and by the publication of poems, which he finally gathered together into a volume, including a few written by his brother, Dr. Thomas Jackson Charltou, who died at the early age of thirty, a man of the most brilliant promise. Judge Charlton's " Sketches of Court and Circuit Life" give full play to that kindly humor which-was the delight of his friends. In 1838 he published a volume of Georgia Reports, and his son, himself a distinguished lawyer, in quoting some brief extracts from that work, draws out that sense of humor, strong common sense, and exact equity, which distinguished his father and has a strong likeness to the work of that distinguished jurist, Chief Justice Joseph Henry Lumpkin.

DAVID J. LEE. Probably a hundred buildings could be pointed out in the City of Atlanta and its environs which would testify to the constructive ability of David J. Lee, who for practically forty years has been one of the leading general contractors and builders of the city. One who is steadily engaged in such a business through such a long period of time is justly entitled to more than casual mention, and the service he has rendered has been a not inconsiderable factor in Atlanta's growth and prosperity.
When David J. Lee was born on Luckie Street November 14, 1853, Atlanta was a small town, and had only recently attained the dignity of the state capital. His father was Joel F. Lee, a cabinetmaker by trade, who was born in South Carolina, came to Atlanta in 1845, being one of the pioneer settlers, and died there in 1867 at the age of thirty-seven. He married Elizabeth B. Thurman, who was born in Atlanta, daughter of Benjamin F. and Nellie. (Sailors) Thurman. She died in 1886. Joel F. Lee and wife were married in 1848 and had a family of ten children, seven boys and three girls: John W., Alonzo F., Annie E., David J., Albert, Isaac B., Ella, Sallie S., Joseph Daniel and Thomas B. The only ones .now living are David J., Ella and Sallie. Ella is the widow of William Day, and Sallie the widow of William P. Chevalier, and both these widowed sisters now live with their brother David J. in Atlanta,
Throughout his life David J. Lee has been a resident of Atlanta. At the age of seventeen, after a more or less irregular attendance at local schools, he started out to learn the carpenter's trade. The experience which gave him his first qualifications for his present business was- seven years in a planing mill, following which he was for three years an apprentice under an expert carpenter and builder. At the end of this time he had mastered all the details of the trade and industry, and soon afterwards, became a general contractor and builder, and has followed that profession in Atlanta for nearly forty years. In that time he-has constructed several hundred houses in the city. During the past fifteen years all the building operations and rep air'work of the real estate firm of Forrest & George Adair, Atlanta's best known real estate firm, has been under his personal charge and care, and these operations of themselves constitute a large and important business.
Mr. Lee is a member of the Presbyterian Church, is affiliated with the Improved Order of Red Men, belongs to the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce, and in politics is a democrat. A noteworthy fact in his career is that he has never been ill a day in his life and has never required the attendance of a physician. Twice married, he has lost both his wives, and as already stated is living with his two widowed sisters. His first wife was Miss Margaret Rice, and after her death he married Miss Nannie J. Glore. By his first wife Mr. Lee has five living children, and three by the second marriage. The names of these children in order of age are: Mary E., wife of W. J. Bullard; David J., Jr.; Alonzo F.; Birdie, now Mrs. Charles Gowan; Ella, now Mrs. Thomas Milam; George T.; Charles G.; and Nellie E.

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1917

JAMES DIXON ROBINSON. It is only since the advent of the present gener ation that the South has come to realize in something like adequate measure the full extent of her resources. In ante-bellum days little attention was paid to anything but the raising of cotton, and, in some few states, sugar and rice. Today manufacturers are springing up on every hand and in
great variety, furnishing numerous avenues of employment to the population
and increasing the aggregate wealth of this section, which, moreover, is more evenly distributed. The state of Georgia has not lagged'behind in the indus
trial race, but is well up in the vanguard of progress, her sons proving them selves as good business men as their neighbors, or even as their Northern
prototypes. Among those who stand in the front rank of business men in the City of
Atlanta is James Dixon Robinson, president of the A. M. Robinson Company, wholesale dealers in dry goods and manufacturers of shirts and other gar ments. Mr. Robinson is a native Georgian, having been born at Monticello, Jasper County, October 30, 1874, the son of Augustus M. and Jennie (Maddux) Robinson. On the paternal side he is of Scotch-Irish descent. The father, who founded the A. M. Robinson Company in 1881, continued to be its head and front until his death in 1901. His wife, who survives him, is a widow now residing in Atlanta.
The subject of this sketch was educated in the Atlanta public schools, and at an early age began industrial life as an employe of the A. M. Robinson Company's wholesale house. Beginning at the bottom, he worked his way through all the different departments of the business, his service including several years' experience as traveling salesman. By the time he had reached the age of twenty-one he had shown such capacity that his father placed him in charge of all the buying for the firm, and on the father's death he suc ceeded to the position of president, which he has since retained. When the A. M. Robinson Company was first established by the elder Robinson it was purely a wholesale dry goods concern, and it was so continued until after the father's death. Since the son, James D., became its president and took complete charge, the business has been greatly expanded and, in addi tion to continuing and enlarging the wholesale department, the firm has oper ated two large factories in Atlanta, one devoted to the manufacture of pants and overalls and the other to that of shirts and athletic underwear. About two hundred women are employed in each factory, or 400 in all. The A. M. Robinson Company manufactures the famous Aragon brand of shirts that is known the country over. It has also the distinction of owning and oper ating the only factory in the South which manufactures high grade laun dered shirts. James Dixon Robinson, who has now been at the head of these large enterprises since his father's death, and who was practically in full charge of the business for several years before that .event, has become one of Atlanta's foremost and most successful wholesalers and manufacturers. He is a director of the Fourth National Bank of Atlanta and of the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce and a director of the Georgia Railway & Electric Com pany. A member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, he belongs also to the Masonic Order, is a member and vice president of the Capital City Club, a member of the Piedmont Driving Club and of the Druid Hills Golf Club. He served on the staff of both governors Candler and Terrell, with the rank of colonel.
Mr. Robinson was married June 1, 1899, to Miss Emily English, daugh ter of Capt. James W. English, who is president of the Fourth National Bank of Atlanta and one of the city's foremost men. He and his wife are the parents of four children two sons and two daughters as follows: Emily English, Jennie Warren, James Dixon, Jr.. and Harry English. Mr. Robinson is one of the workers of the community, and his business fore sight and enterprise have brought comfort and prosperity into hundreds of homes.

1918

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS'

PAUL B. TRAMMELL. In his native state it has been .given to Mr. Trammell to wield definite influence in financial, industrial and public affairs and in all of the relations of life he has accounted well for himself and to the fine commonwealth to which he has ever paid loyal allegiance. He is at the present time a valued member of the board of railroad commissioners of Georgia, is president of the First National Bank of Dalton, Whitfield County, in which city he maintains'his home, and he had previously served as internal collector of revenue in Atlanta. In the furtherance of the interests of his native state he has given effective service as representative of the Forty-third District in the Upper House of the Legislature, and in his home city emphatic assurance of his hold upon popular confidence and esteem was accorded when he was elected mayor of Dalton.
Mr. Trammell was born in Catoosa County, Georgia, on the 3-d of April, 1859, and thus was an infant at the time the Civil war was precipitated, with eventually resultant devastation of the states of the South. When military operations were initiated he was taken by his parents to White County, where he remained until the close of the war, after which he passed two years in Gordon County, from which section removal was then made to Whitfield County, where he continued to advance his education until he had prepared himself for higher academic discipline. He finally was matriculated in the University of Georgia, in which institution he was graduated as a member of the class of 1878 and from which he received the degree of Bachelor of Arts. Soon afterward he established his residence in the City of Atlanta and after clerking one year in a local dry-goods establishment he entered the employ of S. M. Inman & Company, the well known and extensive cotton factors, with whom he continued in service three years. He then returned to Whitfield County where he identified himself with the great basic industry of agriculture and eventually purchased an interest in a cotton compress in the City of Dalton, this interest, now one of importance, having been retained by him during the long intervening years.
Soon after his return to Whitfield County, Mr. Trammell began to take an active part in public affairs of a local order and became one of the stalwarts in the camp and service of the democratic party. In 1888 he was elected representative of the Forty-third Senatorial District in the State Senate, and he proved a most loyal, indefatigable and efficient exponent of the interests of his district and an earnest worker in behalf of wise legislation for the state at large. The high estimate placed upon his service is shown by the fact that he served three successive terms in the Legislature, the latter two as a member of the Lower House, to which he was elected as representative of Whitfield County in 1890 and re-elected in 1892. In the Senate he was assigned to membership on the committees of finance, railroads and corporations, and in the House he was a valued member of the committees on railroads, agriculture and military affairs. In the sessions of 1890 and 1891 Mr. Trammell was chosen speaker pro tern, of the House and proved a most discriminating and
popular presiding officer. In 1893 Mr. Trammell was appointed United States internal-revenue col
lector for the district of Georgia and established his residence and official headquarters in the City of Atlanta, where he continued the incumbent of this position until 1907, when he returned to Dalton, where he has since served as president of the First National Bank and given his attention also to his other, varied and important capitalistic interests in this section of the state. In 1910 Mr. Trammell was elected mayor of Dalton, and he was according a most effective administration of the municipal government when further official preferment came to him, in his appointment, in 1911, by Governor Hoke Smith, to the position of member of the board of railroad commissioners of the state, an office of which he has since continued in tenure and in which he has given characteristically faithful and efficient service.

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1919

He retired from the mayoralty after serving one term, his appointment as a member of the railroad commission having been made to fill the vacancy caused by the retirement of Hiram Warner Hill, and the ensuing general election, in 1912, having made him the regular incumbent of this office, to which he was re-elected in 1914, for the full term of six years, beginning in December, 1915.
On the 12th of December, 1883, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Trammell to Miss Fannie McAfee, daughter of the late Dr. J. R. McAfee, who was a representative physician and surgeon of Dalton. Mr. and Mrs, Trammell have had three sons and one daughter, and the only daughter, Ruth, the eldest of the number, died at the age of three years. The three sons are Paul B., Jr., McAfee, and Leander Newton.
Mr. Trammell is affiliated with the Masonic fraternity and the Knights of Pythias, and both he and his wife hold membership in the Methodist Episcopal Church, South.

RICHARD I. HILLEY. Numbered with the representative men of Atlanta are some who have devoted practically their entire lives to the material up building and improvement of this section and one of these is R. I. Hilley, whose achievements in the line of contracting and building have been notable enough to bring him reputation and fortune. For forty-five years he has been a resident of this- city and has seen it develop in population from 25,000 to 200,000, and in his business life covering thirty years, has had much to do with the city's material expansion and in making it the place that it is, one of beautiful residences and solid business houses.
Richard I. Hilley is a native of Georgia, born in Butts County, August 12, 1857, and is a son of Robert S. and Lucy (Flarity) Hilley. Robert S. Hilley was born January 22, 1822, in Jefferson County, Alabama, on the site of the present manufacturing City of Birmingham. During the war between the states he served as a soldier in the Confederate ,army, and in 1870 came to Atlanta where the rest of his life was passed, his death, occur ring September 23, 1897. He married Lucy Flarity, who was born at Spartansburg, South Carolina, April 12, 1828, and died May 12, 1907. Her father was born in Ireland and in that land the family name was written 0'Flarity. To Robert S. Hilley and wife nine children were born, five sons and four daughters and three sons and.three daughters are living: Robert S.. Jr., Clarence 0., Richard J. and Mrs. Susan E. Tinsley, all of Atlanta; and Mrs. Judson E. Chambers, of Birmingham, Alabama; and Mrs. Sarona E. Head, of St. Louis, Missouri.
Reared on his father's farm and the sixth in order of birth in a large family, Richard I. Hilley did not have the best of educational advantages but put to good use every opportunity he had and had the energy to push him self forward along the line of work he had chosen for a life career. Gradually he made his way upward after coming to Atlanta in 1870 and it would be a long list that would cover all the contracts he has since then completed and the handsome buildings he has erected. For several years he was engaged on contract work of much importance for the United States Government. In 1898, upon the outbreak of the Spanish-American war, he hastened con struction of temporary barracks for the Government at Atlanta and later built the Government barracks at Land's End, South Carolina, known as Fort Freemont. This occupied three winter periods of six months each, or eighteen months in all. He built also one of the buildings at Fort Barancas, Florida, on Pensacola Bay. From 1902 to 1904 he was engaged on general contract work for the government at Fort Oglethorpe, near Chickamauga Park, entailing eighteen months of time and the contracts amounting to the vast sum of $100,000. He also built the Union stock yards at Atlanta.
During all this time Mr. Hilley lived at Atlanta and since 1898 at his
Vol. IV 6

1920

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

present place, No. 188 State Street, Mr. Hilley tells a very interesting story concerning his home property. Seventeen years ago, when he bought the place, it was* a very hilly vacant lot, this appearance and condition, however, not .affecting Mr. Hilley quite so unpleasantly as it might have done others who did not comprehend what grading and filling might accom plish. He went to work to make a "home" of it and has admirably suc ceeded. A handsome residence with every modern comfort stands in the midst of a beautiful lawn, and every shrub and tree here were placed by Mr. Hilley himself. One of the ornaments of his lawn, in which he takes much pride, is an umbrella tree, which in its graceful stateliness is a beauti ful object to view. Some nine years since he set out two trees of this variety, placing one in rich mold turned up by grading, and the other on a hard-pan base. In the gracious development of the one tree, from its advantageous situation, and the stunted and barely nourished bush that represents the other tree, one who desires to philosophize may make a human comparison, and he usually need not go far to secure the types.
On July 28, 1889, Mr. Hilley was united in marriage with Miss Mary A. Slaughter, who was born in Tennessee. After serious illness her death occurred July 8, 1915. She left no issue.
In politics Mr. Hilley has always been a staunch democrat and many times might have served in public offices if he would have consented to do so, but the only office he ever accepted was that of a commissioner on the board of waterworks, representing the Fifth Ward. After holding the office for two years and performing his duties efficiently at all times, he resigned in order to give more attention to his beloved wife who at that time was so seriously ill that she died in the following month.
Mr. Hilley is a member of the Presbyterian Church. Notwithstanding the hardships that are attached, more or less, to the business he has followed so many years, he is rugged and hearty, his vigorous appearance belying his age. In manner he is friendly and companionable and there are many who prize him highly as a friend and an honorable man. He bears a rather uncom mon name and those who are students of nomenclature or the etymology of names, might discover whether Mr. Hilley, Mr. Hill and Mr. Hills, who recently found themselves in each other's company, descended from a common
ancestor.

JAMES GUSTIN HALL, M. D. A physician and surgeon with a broad and ample experience in his profession, covering twenty years, Doctor Hall is well known in Atlanta outside the limits of his own private practice through his capable service for several years as a physician. 'He is carrying on his professional activities in the city where he was born and reared, and since taking up his profession has made a creditable name for himself.
Born in Atlanta September 5, 1872, Doctor Hall is a son of the late Micajah Hall, who was one of the earliest wholesale grocers in Atanta, and afterward conducted a retail shoe business on Peachtree Street for twenty-two years. He was born in Hall County, Georgia, and died August 6,1907, in his fifty-sixth year. Dr. Hall's mother before her marriage was Lydia Goodwin, who was born in DeKalb County, Georgia, and is still living at Atlanta. Doctor Hall had four brothers and sisters who are now deceased, and has an older brother and a younger sister still living. His brother is Harrison Pinckney Hall, and the sister, Laura Emily is now Mrs. R, M. Stokes. They all live in Atlanta.
Dr. James G. Hall acquired his early literary education in the Atlanta public schools and the Atlanta Boys' High School, this being supplemented by a course in the Creighton Business College of Atlanta, where he was well trained in commercial technique including stenography and bookkeeping. He early made choice of medicine as his profession, and in 1892 entered the

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1921

Atlanta Medical College, from which he was graduated M. D. in 1895. Since that date his practice has been continuous in Atlanta, and has brought him a deservedly high reputation. As city physician he has been employed since 1911, having first been elected by the city council in that year, and re-elected in 1913 and again in 1915 without opposition. -Be is a member of the Fulton County Medical Society, belongs to the First Presbyterian Church, is a Royal Arch Mason, Knight Templar and a Shriner, and also affiliates with the Inde pendent Order of Odd Fellows, the Loyal Order of Moose and the Improved
Order of Red Men. December 18, 1895, soon after beginning his practice as a physician,
Doctor Hall married Miss Annie Virgin of Macon. They have two sons,
James Goodwin and 'Claud Pinckney, aged nineteen and seventeen respec tively. The older son is a graduate of the Atlanta High School and is now preparing for entrance to West Point Military Academy. The younger son
is a student in the Georgia School of Technology.

JAMES HAMILTON COUPER, who was one of the most cultured and suc cessful planters of Georgia was born at Sunbury, Liberty County, in 1793. He was not more than one year old when his father moved to Glynn County, which remained his home until his death in 1867.. He received a liberal education, graduating with first honor from Yale University in a class of eighty two members. After graduation he traveled for some time in Europe and while there made a careful and exhaustive study of the Holland system of dikes. Upon his return to Georgia,' he proceeded to put the knowledge that he had thus acquired, into practical operation on the plantations of his father in Glynn. The system of diking and flood gates established by him proved most efficient, with the result that during the forty or fifty years of his management of Hopeton plantation such a thing as flooding by freshet was entirely unknown. The system established by Mr. Couper became the model not only for Glynn County but planters from all along the seaboard of the South visited his home for the purpose of studying and understanding and using his system. Mr. Couper not only personally directed and superintended the work on his own large plantations, but he had the control and management of large plantations belonging to others.
Mr. Couper was one of the pioneers of Georgia in the extensive cultivation of cane. He carried its cultivation and its manufacture to a higher state than it has been carried since that day. At one period he planted more than 700 acres in cane. In 1829 he erected on Hopeton plantation the most com plete sugar mill to be found anywhere within the Southern states. So far as Mr. Couper's books of accounts disclose, he converted all of his sugar cane into sugar and molasses. There is no record left by him indicating that he ever put his crop of cane or any part of it into syrup.
Mr. Couper was ever alert to the necessity of diversifying his crops. He made many experiments with new and untried plants. His father, John Couper, who was a contemporary of Thomas Jefferson, and on intimate terms with him, experimented during his life, in a limited way, with the growth of olive trees. The first plants that he set out were obtained for him from France by Mr. Jefferson. James Hamilton Couper, in later years, pursued the cultivation of the olive with his usual energy and demonstrated that olives could be successfully grown on St. Simon's Island. The two hundred trees _ brought from France, through Mr. Jefferson's aid, were planted on St. Simon's Island. They were five months in transportation and yet very few of them died. This orchard is now one of the most interesting relics left on the old plantation.
While Mr. Couper was thus extensively engaged with experiments in the_ cultivation of sugar cane and cotton and rice and olives and other crops ; and while engaged in the pursuit and the enjoyment of literary and scientific

1922

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

subjects, his active mind was ever awake to seize upon any idea that occurred to him, or was suggested by others, looking to the improvement or the increased prosperity of the people and the state. The one thing in his long life that stamps him with farseeing wisdom, was his faith and .belief in the ultimate value of cotton seed. He was really the pioneer in the matter of extracting oil from cotton seed. He began the manufacture of oil from cotton seed in the fall 'of 1834. At that time he had two mills, one at Mobile, Alabama, and the other at Natchez, Mississippi. The enterprise demanded larger capital than Mr. Couper could control and he was compelled to aban don it under serious loss to himself, but time has long since vindicated his faith in cotton seed oil and his wisdom in undertaking its production.
Notwithstanding the weighty responsibilities resting upon Mr. Couper, he found ample time to cultivate his literary and scientific tastes, and became prominent in the field of science and letters. His correspondence was solicited by almost all of the learned societies in this country and by many in Europe. He became the leading conchologist of the South, and his researches into the then new field of germ life attracted attention to him as a miscroscopist in the laboratories of various universities. On June 30, 1845, he was made a member of the American Ethnological Society. It is claimed for him that if he did not actually lay the foundation for the present magnificent museum now in Washington, that he contributed materially thereto by the donation of a splendid collection of fossils at the very beginning of its foundation. He contributed likewise to the splendid museum in Philadelphia. In Septem ber, 1861, Mr. Couper presented his large collection of fossils and valuable specimens of natural history to the College of Charleston, South Carolina.
WALTER A. SIMS. A representative younger member of the bar of the capital city and metropolis^ of Georgia, Mr. Sims maintains his office in the Fourth National Bank Building and controls a substantial practice, in which he gives special attention to damage suits. Pie is a strict observer of the ethics of his profession and in the field of law work designated he has achieved many important victories in the courts, as he never assumes charge of a case in the justice of which he does not thoroughly believe, with the result that he brings to bear his best efforts in furthering the cause of his client, the while he presents the same with convincing zeal and earnestness, with exact knowl edge of the points of law involved, with admirable resourcefulness as an advocate and with characteristic determination to conserve equity and justice. Such an attitude and such ability are the true basis of worthy success in the exacting profession of law.
Walter Arthur Sims was born on a farm in Dawson County, Georgia, and the date of his nativity was September 19, 1880. He is a son of John New ton Sims, who was born in Cherokee County, this state, on the 28th of October, 1848, and who is now living virtually retired in the Village of Buckhead, Fulton County, not far distant from Atlanta. He achieved success as an agriculturist .and merchant and honored his native state by his valiant service as a soldier of the Confederacy in the Civil war. He is a son of William and Mary (Dean) Sims, and he was but three years of age at the time of his mother's death, the parents having come to Georgia from Tennessee and the lineage of the Sims family tracing back to staunch Irish origin, the original American progenitors having been two brothers who came to this country prior to the Revolution. Of these brothers the ancestor of Walter A. Sims was Benjamin Sims, concerning whom two widely contrasting facts are to be ncted,-T-one being that his father was a baron in the Emerald Isle and the other being that he himself weighed more than three hundred pounds.
On the 14th of May, 1871, John Newton Sims wedded Miss Susan Grover, who was born in Pickens County, on the 24th of February, 1856, and of the nine children of this union five sous and four daughters the subject of this

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1923

review was the fourth in order of birth. The parents and all ot the children are living and thus death has never entered the immediate family circle. Of the children the eldest is Arie, who is the widow of Charles J. Hester and who resides in the City of Birmingham, Alabama; Miss Annie Mae Sims remains at the parental home; Emory Speer and Walter Arthur are residents of Atlanta, as is also Mrs. Maude Green, the next in order of birth; and the other children are Claude Eugene, Frederick T., Ralph Grover and Ruby Beatrice, the last two mentioned being twins, twenty-two years of age in 1915, and Ruby B. being now the wife of U. B. Freeman, of Atlanta.
Walter A. Sims was graduated in the Atlanta High School at the age of sixteen years, and with this adequate preliminary fortification he entered the law department of the University of Georgia, in which institution he was graduated as a member of the class of 1899 and from which he received the degree of Bachelor of Laws, with concomitant admission to the bar of his native state. This distinction came to him when he was but eighteen years of age and he at once entered upon his professional novitiate, in the City of Atlanta. H'e was <a practicing lawyer for two years prior to the attaining of his legal majority and in his graduation in the law school was the youngest member of his clsss. These facts and his subsequent advancement and suc cess in his profession attest alike his receptive mentality, his determined purpose and his ambition, the while the success he has achieved vouches also for his sterling attributes of character.
Mr. Sims is known as a staunch and effective advocate of the principles and policies for which the democratic party stands sponsor and he has been an active worker in its local ranks. He was once a candidate for representa tive of Fulton County in the lower house of the State Legislature, and was defeated by only eighteen votes, his successful opponent having been Hon. John M. Slayton, the present (1915) governor of Georgia. He is an active and popular member of the Atlanta Bar Association and both he and his^wife
hold membership in the Baptist Church. On the 7th of January, 1903, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Sims to
Miss Edna Belle Cheshire, of Atlanta, she being a daughter of Napoleon H.
Cheshire, one of the prominent citizens of Fulton County and ,a veteran of
the Confederate service in the war between the states. Mr. and Mrs. Sims
have two sons and one daughter, namely: Lowry Arnold, Hal, and Evelyn
Cheshire.

FRANK M. BROTHEETON. Natural advantages as to location and a citizen ship made up of the highest type of educated and cultured people, friendly, kind, generous and hospitable, would not prove enough to make a city pros perous nor so develop it that it could hold a place of any prominence with sister communities. It must have solid business houses conducted by men who recognize the value of wide commercial relations and have the .courage to maintain their own enterprises and the public spirit to assist others. To such men may be attributed the present commercial importance of Atlanta and among these no one has been more useful and continuously interested than Frank M. Brotherton, who has the distinction of conducting
the only exclusive stove store in this city. Frank M. Brotherton belongs to a prominent family of Atlanta, in which
city he was born January 1, 1869. He is the second son of the late Capt. William H. Brotherton, extended mention of whom will be found in this work. Mr. Brotherton has spent practically his entire life at Atlanta. He attended the city schools and then took a course in Hiwassee College, in Eastern Tennessee, immediately thereafter beginning his business career as a merchant and for nearly a quarter of a century h^s been identified with the retail stove trade. For more than twenty years he conducted a stove store at No. 40 South Broad Street, but in 1913 removed to his present

1924

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

location, No..61 South Pryor Street. As a business man, Mr. Brotherton has high standing both as to ability and methods. He is an active and valued member of the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce.
Mr. Brotherton was married on January 1, 1891, on his twenty-second birthday, to Miss Lorena A. Russey, who was born at Americus, Georgia, and they have had the following children: Elvira, Paralee, William H., Lorena A., Dorothy Catherine, Emma Frances, Susan Camden, Ruth and Frank M. Of these Ruth died in infancy and Frank M. died at the age of twenty-two months.
While interested as a good citizen, in public affairs, Mr. Brotherton is not active in politics. He is somewhat prominent, however, in fraternal circles,
being a member of the Travelers' Protective Association, of the Knights of Pythias and the Elks, while as a Mason, he has attained the thirty-second degree and is a Knight Templar and a Shriner.

THOMAS H. JEFFRIES. As a great writer once said, "Biography is the
only true history." Every man's life teaches some useful lesson and fur nishes to some extent an example, either to follow or to avoid. The present biography is worth perusing as showing that any man of intelligence and enterprise can overcome great handicaps in early life and achieve success and an honored place among his fellow citizens if he has the will to do so. Thomas H. Jeffries, the present ordinary of Fulton County, Georgia, and a resident of Atlanta, was born on Capitol Avenue, this city, April 16, 1854, son of Henry Franklin and Martha (Defoor) Jeffries. The father was a native of Rocldngham County, Virginia, who came to Atlanta in early man hood. He was a contractor and builder by occupation, and constructed the first car shed on the site of Atlanta's present union station. His earthly career, however, was short, as he died October 26, 1854, when but twentynine years old. He had married early in 1853 Martha Defoor, a native of DeKalb County, Georgia, the subject of this sketch being their only child. The mother died on May 16, 1854, little more than five months before the death of her husband, their son being thus left an orphan in the fullest sense of the word. Fortunately he found a refuge in the home of his maternal uncle, Thomas Moore, of Moore's Mill, on Peachtree Creek, near Atlanta, who had married Elizabeth Defoor, Mrs. Jeffries' sister. They became as second parents to him, treating him as if he had been their own son, and to this day he reveres their memory, as they were the only parents he ever knew.
During his boyhood young Jeffries worked on his uncle's farm and in the mill Moore's mill which was a familiar landmark of former years, but was long ago torn down. He attended school but little in his early boyhood, but at the age of eighteen years he entered Emory College, at "Oxford, Georgia, where he spent five and a half years, graduating with the degree of A. B. in 1877. On November 22d of the same year he was married to Annie Laura Greene, a member of an old family of Fulton County, and he and his young wife settled on a farm in Whitfield County, Georgia, ten miles from Dalton, where they lived happily for nine years, and here all his children were born. During the first year on the farm Mr. Jeffries taught school but afterwards gave all his attention to agriculture. On August 3, 1886, Mrs. Jeffries fell sick with typhoid fever and died, leaving him with four young children. Remembering his own youthful experience, he placed them in the care of his Uncle and Aunt Moore, with whom they found a good home, as he knew they would. He then came to Atlanta, of which city he has since been a resident. From 1886 to 1889 he was associated with his uncle in the milling business. After this for three years he was secretary and treasurer of the Manta Stove Works, with which concern he has been connected officially ever since, being* now its vice president In 1893 he entered the office of the clerk of the Superior Court of Fulton County as a

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1925

deputy and served continuously in that capacity for twenty-two years, or until April 30, 1915, on which date he was overwhelmingly elected ordinary of Fulton County, to succeed the late John R. "Wilkinson. He is now the incumbent of this office, having assumed its duties May 7, 1915. Mr. Jeffries' popularity throughout the county is evidenced by the fact that, although he had two opponents in the campaign, he received 3,899 votes to 1,263 cast for them both. In politics he is a democrat.
Mr. Jeffries is one of the most prominent Masons in Georgia, having all the degrees of the order except the thirty-third, which is attained by but few. He is past presiding officer in all the subordinate bodies of York Rite Masonry and is a past grand master of the Grand Lodge of Georgia; also deputy grand high priest of the Grand Chapter of Royal Arch Masons of the state. In the Improved Order of Red Men he is just as prominent, being a past gre.at sachem of that order in Georgia, and at present great senior sagamore of the Great Council of the United States. If he lives until September, 1916, he will become great incohonee of the order the highest position in it, He also belongs to the Elks and Knights of Pythias, being a past chancellor of the latter order. His religious affiliations are with the Methodist Episcopal Church South. As a man of business ability he is widely recognized, and is now serving as president of the board of trustees of the Southern College of Pharmacy. On November 29, 1899, Mr. Jeffries was united to his second and present wife, who was in maidenhood Miss Mildred Fuller. His children, who are all by his first wife, are: Mabelle, Werner Moore, Clymer Defoor and Alice, all of whom have attained maturity. In view of Mr. Jeffries' past record it is safe to say that his stability of character and devotion to duty will not fail him in the future and that he will administer the duties of his present office in a manner satisfactory to his fellow citizens.

JAMES R. GRAY. The widely known and honored editor and chief of the Atlanta Journal, one of the most prosperous and influential daily newspapers of the South, is a native Georgian and a scion of a family that was early founded in the '' Empire State of the South'' and the name of which has been most worthily linked with the development and progress of this fine common wealth. Born shortly prior to the inception of the Civil war, which pros trated the states of the South and laid waste many of their fine institutions and customs, James R. Gray was reared to adult age under the conditions of what is now uniformly considered an odious period of misrule in the South, the period of so-called reconstruction. Thus it was that he early gained fellowship with measureable adversity, learned the lesson of selfreliance and through such strenuous discipline laid the foundations for the strong, virile and constructive ability that has denoted him as a man among men and given to him as a natural prerogative a large measure of success. Through his own energies Mr. Gray fitted himself for the legal profession, of which he became a representative member in his native state, but none can doubt that in his present and important field of endeavor he has amply justified his change of vocation.
James Richard Gray was born at Adairsville, Bartow County, Georgia, on the 30th of September, 1859, and is a son of Col. John "W. Gray and Sarah J. (Venable) Gray, his father having served as lieutenant colonel of the Eighth Georgia Battalion in the war between the states and having been one of the distinguished soldiers and officers in the great conflict in which he struggled to uphold the traditions and customs which had made the old Southern regime one of ideal order in manifold respects. The mother of Mr. Gray was a lineal descendant of Abram Yenable, of Devonshire, England, whose sons became colonial pioneers of Virginia, served in the House of Burgesses of that his toric Old Dominion, and represented the same as patriot soldiers of the Con tinental Line in the War of the Revolution. In noting the conditions and

1926

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

influences that compassed the early life of James R. Gray it is deemed but consistent to make liberal quotation from a previously published estimate of
his character and services: "During Mr. Gray's boyhood there was established in the neighborhood
where he lived one of the most famous schools of the State. A man of renown, of strong character and of high scholastic attainments, John H. Fitten, opened a classical school at Adairsville, where was laid the foundation of character and education for many of the youths of the South. There were no accessories that suggested wealth or even convenience. Textbooks and a shelter, with an able, loyal and conscientious instructor, were all that could be had in those days of struggle and privation. After leaving this classical school young Gray became a student in the North Georgia Agricultural Col lege, another institution that has given to the state many able and distin guished men who knew little of the smiles of fortune in their youth and noth ing of easy stages toward the goal of high intellectual attainments. In these schools young Gray was prepared for the battles of life, and well was he girded for the fray. Possessing a splendid physique, over six feet in height, handsome and of athletic mould, he possessed the physical ability to with stand the most strenuous mental tension. He aspired to the profession of law, and in 1879, one year after graduating, he was admitted to practice. For twenty-two years he was a prominent and influential member of the bar of the City of Atlanta and none can doubt that he contributed his quota to the upholding its high prestige. For several years he was junior member of the law firm of Ellis & Gray, and later became head of the important and success ful law firm of Gray, Brown & Randolph. As a lawyer he was eminently successful and won both fame and fortune."
After having purchased in association with others a controlling interest
in the Atlanta Journal, the leading daily newspaper of Georgia, Mr. Gray assumed in 1891 the dual position of editor in chief and general manager of the same, and apropos of his association with this important enterprise the following pertinent statements have been written: "He has proved his apti tude for this work and his commanding ability as a newspaper publisher by pushing the Atlanta Journal forward to greater success than it had known
previously, and has made it a splendid, productive property, a paper of great influence in connection with political and general civic affairs, and a monu
ment to his genius and enterprise. Socially, politically and in every way Mr. Gray is a peer among the best. A true and loyal friend, a man of strong con victions and unquestioned courage and integrity of purpose, he stands for ward as one who has achieved success under conditions far from fortuitous,
and, having satisfied reasonable desires of ambition, seeks to be a useful, help ful, patriotic citizen. As editor of the Atlanta Journal he championed the
candidacy of Hoke Smith for governor in 1906, and conducted one of the most vigorous and effective newspaper campaigns in the history of Georgia, his efforts having contributed not a little to the sweeping victory of Gover
nor Smith and to the enactment of some of the most important measures that were issues of the campaign. Mr. Gray was made chairman of the commit tee on platform and resolutions at the Macon convention which nominated Hon. Hoke Smith for governor, and was the author of the important declara tion of principles embodied in the platform adopted at this convention. Mr, Gray has manifested no personal ambition for public office but has been spe
cially active and influential in political affairs in his native commonwealth. In 1904 he was a delegate from the State at large to the National Democratic Convention and was chosen chairman of the Georgia delegation. Again in 1912 he was a delegate from the State at large, and was chairman of the Democrat Delegation at St. Louis in 1916."
On the 16th of November, 1881, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Gray to Miss May Inman, daughter of Walker P. Inman, one of Atlanta's most
substantial and honored citizens. Mr. and Mrs. Gray have five children.

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1927

MARION SMITH. The old adage, "Blood will tell," is exemplified in the lives and careers of many of the successful men of today, especially in the South, where generations of good heredity have much to do in the making of a man. Among those who can lay some claim to this advantage is Marion Smith, a successful attorney at law, of Atlanta, who was born in this city,
November 16, 1884, the only son of Hoke Smith, the distinguished Georgia, statesman and United States senator, whom he greatly resembles in facial appearance. On his mother's side he is related to the distinguished Cobb family of Georgia, Mrs. Hoke Smith being a daughter of Gen. Thomas R. R. Cobb.
Marion Smith was graduated from the Atlanta High School in 1900, at the age of sixteen years. His collegiate education was acquired in the Univer sity of Georgia, where he spent three years. He then studied law under the mentorship of his father and was admitted to the bar in 1904, since which time he has been successfully engaged in the active practice of his profession, being now a member of the firm of Little, Powell, Smith and Goldstein. A member of the Atlanta Bar Association, he served as its first vice president in 1914, and also belongs to the Georgia State Bar Association and the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce. His other society affiliations are with the Capital City Club; the University Club of Atlanta, of which he was one of the organizers; the Masonic fraternity, in which he has taken eighteen degrees; the Sigma Alpha Epsilon college fraternity; the Piedmont Driving Club and the Atlanta Athletic Club, of all of which he is an active and popular mem ber. Mr. Smith gives his allegiance to the democratic party, but aside* from taking a very active part in his father's campaigns for governor and for United States senator, he has not been engaged in politics.
Mr. Smith was married November 12, 1913, to Miss Sarah Brock Rawson, of Atlanta, who is a member of an old and respected Atlanta family. He and his wife are the parents of twin daughters, Marion Cobb Smith and Lucia Rawson Smith. Although as yet but a young man, Mr. Smith has given evi dence of marked ability and his future career will be watched with interest by his numerous friends, who know he can be depended upon to maintain the
honor of the family name.

"WILLIAM OWENS, M. D. There are many cases where professional success, especially in the field of medicine, has been gained at great cost, the long years of confining study preceding the arduous labors and ,the responsibilities
of practice, frequently serving to break down a constitution not made of iron and thereby changing the whole current of a life. Not always has the worn
out physician another equally absorbing interest to turn to, but Dr. William Owens, a very well known specialist in diseases of the eye, nose and throat, at Atlanta, found, when health and nerves succumbed to the unusual strain put upon them through the demands of his profession, in another and en
tirely different line of activity, an opportunity for continued usefulness and time for the expenditure of effort of a more or less public spirited character. It is largely due to his efforts and chiefly through his instrumentality, that
the beautiful site of the New Oglethorpe University was secured near Atlanta.
William Owens was born October 14, 1865, at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and is a son of Rev. John and Lydia (Smiley) Owens, and a grandson of
Rev. William Owens, in memory of whom was erected in the City of Pitts burgh, a fiae monument, by the Baptist bodies of Western Pennsylvania and Eastern Ohio. Rev. William Owens was born in Wales and there became an accepted preacher. In 1831, accompanied by his wife, Mary, and their three
sons, Reese, John and William, he came to the United States and remained
until his death, which occurred in 1876. For fifty years he continued in the ministry and preached with such power and conviction, that he was recog
nized as one of the most eminent clergymen of the Baptist faith. Through

1928

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

his efforts the Chatham Street Baptist Church at Pittsburgh was founded

and built. In his time there were large congregations of Baptists who were

pioneers from Wales and settled in both Pennsylvania and Ohio and they

welcomed a-teacher and preacher who could expound the scriptures in their

own tongue. His eldest son, Reese Owens, amassed a large fortune, and

although he continued to reside at Pittsburgh, he was identified with the great

packing interests of Chicago and was associated with the men who established

the great Chicago stockyards.

The father of Dr. William Owens, Rev. John Owens, was born in Wales

in 1826 but was educated entirely in the United States, being graduated in

1850 from what is now Bucknell University at Lewisburg, Pennsylvania, He

entered the Baptist ministry and, like his distinguished father, became a

moral power and for a half century continued his ministerial labors. His

death occurred at the home of his son, Dr. William Owens, at Atlanta, Feb

ruary 27,1911, when'he was aged eighty-six years. He was a remarkable man

in many respects. His younger brother, William Owens, was also a man of

distinction. He was graduated from an Ohio university and became a lawyer,

making his home in the City of Pittsburgh, where he died in 1877.

Rev. John Owens married Miss Lydia Smiley, who was born in Chester

County, Pennsylvania. She died in 1870, leaving two children, a son and

daughter, William and Abigail. The latter is the wife of Alton Everett

Wheeler, M. D., a well known physician at Atlanta.

|

Although but five years old when deprived of a mother's love and solici-

Al

tude, William Owens was gently reared and, although not a robust child,

applied himself to study and thus prepared for .a collegiate course, entering

the Western University of Pittsburgh. Before he was able, however, to con

clude his university course, his health gave way so completely that he sought

the more even climate of California in which to recuperate. He remained

there for 2y2 years, during this time continuing to study in private, and

in 1890 came to Georgia, selecting Atlanta as a home because of its mild

climate and other inviting features. In 1897 he was graduated from the

Southern Medical College of Atlanta and following that spent almost two

years abroad, attending clinics and doing post graduate work in London,

Paris and Vienna.

Upon his return to Atlanta Doctor Owens entered immediately into a

heavy practice as an eye, ear and nose specialist, for which branch of his

profession he had especially prepared by scientific study and experience, and

for the seven succeeding years sought neither respite nor recreation. The

strain was too intense and as he found it so, decided to turn aside and retire

before necessity compelled him, although many professional rewards within

his grasp urged otherwise. Having previously accumulated extensive real

estate interests in Atlanta, he turned his attention to their personal manage

ment, finding, fortunately, that he was also a good business man and that

contentment and even fortune might await his efforts. He has added to his

original-interests and at present is president of the Silver Lake Park Com

pany and in that capacity was very helpful in securing the university site

before mentioned, one of which every citizen of Atlanta is proud.

Doctor Owens was united in marriage on November 11, 1909, with Miss

Lillie Dalton White, who was born at Atlanta and is ,a daughter of Hon.

Edward White, who, for many years, was prominently connected with the

Atlanta Constitution. Mrs. Owen is a graduate of Brenau College, at Gaines-

ville, Georgia. Doctor and Mrs. Owens have two sons, Edward and John

Reese, aged respectively four and five years. Doctor and Mrs. Owens are

members of the First Baptist Church of Atlanta. Atlanta offers agreeable"

social entertainment to those whose tastes lie in that direction, and Doctor

Owens enjoys his popularity as a Mason, a member of the Knights of Pythias,

and the Capital City, the University and the Piedmont Driving clubs.

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1929

JAMES L. RILEY. This well known and representative business man of Atlanta, where he conducts a prosperous enterprise as fire insurance under writer, is a scion of the staunchest of southern lineage, the family having been founded in South Carolina in the colonial era of our national history and having there been one of no little prominence and influence during five or more generations.
James Lawton Riley was born in Hampton County, South Carolina, on the 13th of March, 1868, and is a son of Edward Samuel and Martha (Lawton) Riley, both of whom were born in Beaufort District, that state. He whose name introduces this article was a child at the time of the family removal to Forsyth, the judicial center of Monroe County, Georgia, and when he was eight years old removal was made to the City of Atlanta, where he acquired his early education in the public schools.
Mr. Riley initiated his association with the insurance business when he was twenty years of age, and in this important field of enterprise he has worked his way to an essentially commanding position as an underwriter and broker. He is now representative of a large number of the strongest and most celebrated insurance companies in the world, and through close applica tion, progressive policies and undeviating integrity he has developed a business of broad scope and importance. Mr. Riley has accumulated, and that entirely through his own efforts, a substantial fortune, and he has made large and judicious investments in Atlanta real estate. Concerning him the following statement has consistently been made: '' His standing in the commercial and social life of Atlanta is high, and few citizens enjoy a greater measure of personal popularity."
Though a stalwart supporter of the cause of the democratic party, and imbued with helpful civic loyalty, Mr. Riley has never manifested ambition for public office, though he is always to be counted upon for co-operation in movements projected for the general good of the community. He is a mem ber of the Capital City Club, the Piedmont Driving Club and the Brookhaven Country Club, is actively identified with the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce, and he holds membership in the First Baptist Church. His business office is on the second floor of the Empire Building, and his family home is an attractive residence at 1163 Peachtree Street.
In the year 1908 was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Riley 'to Miss Ada Lea Norfleet, who was born and reared in the City of Memphis, Tennessee, she being a daughter of Frank M. Norfleet, one of the most prominent couon factors of that city. The two children of this union are James Lawton, Jr., who was born March 12, 1911; and Octavia Stinson, who was born October
27, 1911
GEORGE W. CRAWFORD, lawyer, congressman, cabinet officer, and governor, was born in Columbia County, Georgia, on December 22, 1798. He was graduated from Princeton College, New Jersey, in 1820, and on his return to Georg0i7 a, became a law student in the office of Hon. Richard H. Wilde,' in Augusta, and was admitted to the practice of law in 1822. Five years after his admission to the bar, he was elected attorney-general of the state, which office he retained until 1831. He also represented Richmond County for several successive years in the State Legislature, having been first elected in 1837, and continuing with the exception of one year to represent the county until 1842. In 1843 he was elected a representative to Congress, but the same year was nominated by the whig convention as their candidate for governor, and was elected by a large majority. He was re-elected in 1845. In 1849, Governor Crawford was appointed secretary of war in President Taylor's Cabinet, which position he held until the death of the President, when he resigned. Returning to his beloved state he sought the quiet of a life retired from political agitation until 1861, when he was chosen as the president of

1930

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

the State Secession Convention, this being the closing chapter in his public life. As a lawyer he was eminently successful.
At one time a resident of Augusta, believing the health of his family his first consideration, Governor Crawford moved ten miles above the city on the Georgia Railroad, erected a palatial home and a beautiful church, giving it the name of Bel-Air, where he lived in retirement the balance of his life, and died there in 1872.

COL. WILLIAM MACON CRUMLEY. One of the interesting and prominent

men of Atlanta is Col. William Macon Crumley, interesting because his life has

been eventful and full of worthy achievement, and prominent because of his

conception of true public spirit, which has influenced his action in assisting

in worthy movements, and also because of the high place he occupies in the

business World.

William Macon Crumley was born at Macon, Georgia, April 7, 1847. He

is of Scotch-Irish descent but for generations his people have been residents

of the South. His parents were Rev. William Monroe and Mary (McLane)

Crumley, the former of whom was born at Anderson, South Carolina, February

29, 1816, and the latter in White County, Georgia. He was not afforded col

legiate advantages after completing primary studies, largely on account of

the disturbed condition of public affairs at that time, but his subsequent les

sons in the school of experience, probably taught him far more important

things than any he could have acquired in text books. A boy of fifteen years

he enlisted for service in the Confederate army, extended mention of which

will be included in this article. After the return of peace he secured a self-

supporting position with a business house and through night study and a

wide -range of reading added to his book knowledge. For forty-two years

he was connected with the Beck & Gregg Hardware Company, of which he

became vice president. In 1910 he sold his interest and in the same year

became one of the founders of the Crumley-Sharp Hardware Company, of

Atlanta, of which he has since been president. He is widely known in the

hardware trade and served for two years as president of the Southern Hard

ware Jobbers' Association.

.

Colonel Crumley was married February 25, 1875, to Miss Carrie Berry,

and they have four living children: R. M., who is vice president of the Crumley-

Sharp Company; Mrs. Zulette Franklin; AVilliam Gregg, who is a physician;

and1'Charles Locke Crumley. Colonel Crumley and family are members of

the First Methodist Church, Atlanta. The family residence is No. 40 Forrest

Avenue. While Colonel Crumley has always adhered to the principles of the

democratic party he has never consented to accept any office of a political

nature. He is one of the solid, representative and upright citizens of Atlanta,

a natural development from a youth of fearless courage, real stamina, self

control and unselfishness.

No record of Col. William Macon Crumley should ever be published with

out including the thrilling story told of him in '' Camp Fires of the Confed

eracy," under the title of "The Boy Courier," written by the late Gen.

Clement A. Evans, under whom Colonel Crumley later served as adjutant-

general of the Georgia Division, U. C. V., of which body he is at present a

past commander. Entire credit is given by the present biographer to the

book above mentioned.

The Richmond Hussars, of Augusta, Georgia, were mustered among the

first companies into the Confederate service and ordered with General Cobb's

Legion, to Richmond, from which time they did hard and gallant battle for

the Confederacy to the end. There was in Augusta, at the time the hussars

were ready to leave for the seat of war, a boy, son of a minister, who so

ardently besought officials to give him a place in the ranks, that permission

was finally given, and the lad, but little over fourteen years of age and only

.. f

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1931

four feet high, took his place proudly beside the hussars. After the company

reached Virginia, General Cobb was requested by General Kershaw, the

division commander, to send him a courier. Already the bearing of the boy

soldier had- won the attention of General Cobb, and the youth was at once

detailed and ordered to report to Kershaw. Immediately on meeting a strong

attachment sprang up between the division commander and his gallant little

courier, and the entire command soon knew this, and to this day speak of

him with affection and pride. General Evans, in his story, gives the name

of this courier as William Crumley and takes occasion to mention appreci

atively the lad's father, Rev. William Monroe Crumley, in connection with

his ministrations as chaplain.

The entire story is so interesting that did space permit, it would appear

entire in this work, but a partial relation of several examples of the " little

courier's" bravery and resourcefulness must suffice. One day, during the

seven days' fighting around'Richmond, Courier Crumley inadvertently found

a group of Union soldiers bearing down upon him as he, alone, was hauling

down a hostile flag, and through his quick assumption of authority not only

took them prisoners but succeeded in marching the whole body to General

Kershaw and delivering them up. For this act of bravery the general pre

sented his sword to the gallant courier.

There were many thrilling events during the Battle of Fredericksburg

which well deserve relation, and among the heroic actions detailed by General

Evans in the book referred to was William Crumley's ride across the open

hill in a storm of shot and shell. To quote General Evans' words:

1 ' The story is brief, and so was the ride, for Crumley never rode faster nor

better in all his life. When General Cobb was wounded, Kershaw was ordered

to reinforce the line behind the stone wall, which was done by moving the

brigade rapidly over a hill to a stone wall. After getting into position it

became necessary for Crumley to be sent across the hill in full view and

exposed to the enemy's fire. 'Which way shall I go?' said he to the general.

'Right over the hill,' was the reply." General Evans' story goes on:

"Crumlevv ,i in his own words relates his ride as follows: 'The goeneral replied right over the hill, so I backed off to get a good start and dug my

spurs into old Montgomery's side. He leaped the bank and carried me up the

hill and over the top, in the face, it seemed to me, of the whole Yankee army

.as I rode. They were behind an old fence row, only about seventy-five yards

in front of our line, and our troops almost ceased firing, as if to see whether I

got over safely.' " In a letter to Mr. Crumley, written by his beloved com

mander, at a later date and under other conditions, may be found affectionate

remembrance of this deed and, quoting it from General Evans' book, may

serve as a fitting close to this brief biography. To many the book and the

story are already familiar, and there are those still living among the thinning

ranks of veterans on both sides of the great struggle, that recall this particu

lar heroic deed among others of lesser moment. The letter, which is preserved

by the family of Mr. Crumley as one of their choicest possessions, says:

"I often think of my brave little boy courier, who followed my fortunes

in so many perilous trials, and can see you now running the gauntlet of

Marye's Hill, at Fredericksburg, through the heaviest of fires, and coming

through safely, to the relief of all who witnessed the gallant deed. Your chil

dren will never know what a true hero you were, the equal of any who wore

the gray, but God knows and will reward you for duty nobly done, and I hope,

dear Crumley. you and I shall meet where good deeds are rewarded more

fitly. Your friend and old comrade, %

J. B. KERSHAW."

AVILLIAM THOMAS WINN. The insurance business at Atlanta interests many progressive and practical business men with the result that this city has .an established reputation as an insurance center. Among the representative

1932

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

firms engaged in fire and casualty insurance is that of Smith, Winn Com

pany, with offices in the Walton Buidling, Atlanta, of which William Thomas

Winn is a partner.

William Thomas Winn was born near La Grange, Georgia, August 15,1875,

and is a son of William Henry and Nancy Eleanor (Johnson) Winn. Mr.

Winn's ancestors have lived in Troupe County, Georgia, for practically a

century.

After coming to Atlanta, in 1881, Mr. Winn attended the public schools

and subsequently took a business course at the Young Men's Christian Associa

tion. Shortly afterward he entered the insurance field and after occupying

positions of trust and responsibility, went into the business for himself and

for the past eight years has been considered one of the leading insurance

men of Atlanta. He is a member of the firm of Smith, Winn Company, formed

in 1910 by the consolidation of Winn & Lowndes, F. C. Robinson & Co., and

Mayberry, Smith & Co. This firm has added largely to the solid reputation

of the city as a business center.

Mr. Winn was united in marriage in 1897 with Miss Emma Estelle Jett,

of Atlanta, and they have two sons, aged respectively seventeen and thirteen

years. Mr. Winn and family enjoy a beautiful home, their residence being

situated at No. 205 Euclid Avenue.

,

Taking a deep interest'in public affairs and in the well being of his city,

Mr. Winn has, at times, been willing to accept public responsibilities. For

fpur years he served as secretary of the Fulton County Democratic Executive

Committee; for two years served on the Atlanta Board of Health; for four

years, from 1907 to 1910, was a member of the city council, and was elected in

1912 as county commissioner of Fulton for the term closing January 1, 1917.

Mr. Winn is affiliated with a number of fraternal organizations. He is a

Knight Templar Mason, a member of the Scottish Rite and is also a Shriner.

For seven years he was secretary of Kibla Temple, No. 123, Dramatic Order of

the Knights of Khorassan, and imperial representative to the imperial palace

of the order from 1904 to 1913. For the past eight years he has been a

member of the grand lodge of Knights of Pythias of Georgia. He belongs to

the Baptist Church and in this connection finds work he enjoys in furthering

benevolent movements and in using his influence advancing public as well

as personal welfare.

JAMES STODDAED BOYNTON was born in Henry County, Georgia, May 7, 1833. His youthful ambition was of a military nature and for a time attended a school devoted to that specialty, but the death of his father and lack of funds forced him to abandon his aims in that direction. Instead, he commenced the study of law and in 1852 was admitted to practice. In 1860 he was elected Ordinary of Butts County over a popular opponent whose party had a majority in the county.
Though exempt from military duty by virtue of his office as ordinary, in 1861 he enlisted as a private in Captain Hendricks' company from Butts County, the Thirtieth Georgia Regiment, and served seven months as a private. When the regiment was reorganized in 1862 Private Boynton was elected major. In December, 1862, he became lieutenant-colonel. His regiment served at Savannah, Charleston, Wilmington, Pocotaligo, and Jacksonville; but in May, 1863; was ordered to Jackson, Mississippi, and went through the arduous campaign in that state, and joined the Army of Tennessee a few weeks before the Battle of Chiekamauga. In November of that year Mr. Boynton located for practice at Monticello, but moved to Jackson in 1858 and formed a profes sional partnership with James R. Lyons. In the engagements before Jackson, at Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge, Dalton and in the battles around Atlanta, Colonel Boynton showed his ability and bravery. Only July 2, 1864, he was;

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1933

badly wounded near-Atlanta and permanently disabled for active military service.
During the war Colonel Boynton had moved his family to Griffin, where after the war he resumed the practice of the law. In 1866 he wa,s elected judge of what was then known as the "County Court," which position he held until the court was abolished. From 1869 to 1872 he was mayor of Griffin. In 1880 he was elected state senator, and was unanimously elected president of the Senate. In 1882 Fayette County was entitled to the senator under the rotation system, but yielded the right to name.a Fayette County man, and named Colonel Boynton for re-election, and he was returned to the Senate and again made president of that body.
On the death of Governor Stephens, in 1883, he became governor of Georgia by virtue of his office as president of the Senate. He was twice elected judge of the Superior Court of the Flint Circuit, resigning his posi tion in 1893 to accept the office of division counsel of the Central of Georgia Railway. Company. In 1896. against his wishes, the people of Spalding County called him to represent them in the Lower House of the Georgia Legislature. This was his last political or public office. He died at his home in Griffin, December 22, 1902, at the age of sixty-nine years.

FRANK P. RICE. Though a native of New England and a scion of the staunchest of colonial ancestry in that section of America, where was cradled . much of our national history, Hon. Frank P. Rice has been a resident of Georgia from his boyhood, and this state, and especially the City of Atlanta, must ever pay to him and his memory a debt of high honor for the splendid achievement that has been his in the furtherance of their progress and their civil and material prosperity. Mr. Rice may justly be designated today as one of the venerable pioneer citizens of the fair capital city and metropolis of Georgia, and this history would be incomplete were there failure to enter within its pages a brief record concerning the life and services of this strong and distinguished citizen, who has ever stood exponent of the highest civic ideals and who has worked earnestly and effectively for the general advance ment of the city and state that has represented his home for nearly seventy years.
Frank P. Rice was born at Clarmont, Sullivan County. New Hampshire, on the 28th of October, 1838, and his parents, who were natives of Vermont and of English and Welsh lineage, were representatives of colonial families in New England, each of which gave loyal and valiant soldiers to the Conti nental Line in the war of the Revolution. Mr. Rice was a lad of nine years when he accompanied his parents to their removal from the old Granite State to Georgia, and the family home was established in Atlanta, the popu lation of which city did not at that time exceed l',500. Concerning the earlier stages of the life of Mr. Rice in Georgia the following pertinent statements have been written and they are worthy of reproduction in this connection: 11 Impressed by his father with the necessity and the duty of industry, he began, when a mere boy, to grapple with the stern realities of life as a vender of newspapers and such other articles as were readily sold about the passenger depot and on the streets of Atlanta. Many of the old people who knew him in boyhood were ready in later years to bear testimony to his youthful energy and industry. The quality of a business man, exemplified in his childhood, has proved a distinguishing characteristic during his long and useful career. When eighteen years of age Mr. Rice conceived the purpose of learning a trade, and soon, with the consent of his father, inden tured or bound himself for an apprenticeship of S1^ years to William Kay, of Atlanta, this action having been taken for the purpose of enabling him to learn the art and trade of book-binding. The contract of apprenticeship was signed in due form and placed properly upon record. Young Rice

1934

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

faithfully observed these terms of agreement until the prescribed term of service ended and he was an acknowledged master of his trade. His faithful observance of every obligation during his term of apprenticeship was illus trative of his attitude during the later years of a signally active and pro ductive business career He has invariably been true to all of his contracts, has never suffered a debt to remain unpaid a day beyond its maturity, and has never violated any agreement into which he has entered. The skill he had attained, and his habits of industry and temperance, soon secured him a good situation at fair wages.
"Atlanta was then making her first strides in the path of her 'manifest
destiny,' and Mr. Rice, with keen perception, saw opportunities; to accumu late money more rapidly by abandoning his trade. He therefore decided to hold it in reserve for possible emergencies, and engaged in the business of contracting for stone masonry and other work of material improvement, then greatly in demand in the growing young city. In this business he exercised a faultless judgment and realized good profits on all of his con tracts. When scarcely arrived at manhood Mr. Rice undertook, by contract,
to construct all of the stone work required on the line of the Savannah, Griffin & Northern Alabama Railroad, and he carried out his agreement with fidelity and to the satisfaction of the railroad company.
"In these earlier years of earnest endeavor and after the time of his marriage, every dollar that Mr. Rice realized, in excess of his family* expenses, were invested in Atlanta city property. With his characteristic foresight, he had prescience of the city's future prospects and felt justified in putting his surplus earnings into local real estate. When the war between the states of the North and the South was precipitated Mr. Rice joined the Third Regiment of Georgia State Troops and was chosen lieutenant of Company B. At the conclusion of his military service he was appointed special agent of the Atlanta & West Point Railroad, in which position he was vigilant, faith ful and efficient. As a result of the ravages of the war Atlanta was devastated and laid in ruins. Thousands returned to find their once fair city a literal mass of bricks and ashes. Among, the number of loyal and determined citizens who resolved to rebuild and advance the city far beyond its previous status was Frank P. Rice. Still confident of the great future of Atlanta, he went to work with energy and discrimination, and from that day to the present he has labored to promote her varied interests, civic and material. Along these lines no citizen has accomplished more than Mr. Rice.
"Considering the contemplated Air Line Railroad, later known as the
Richmond & Danville, an important auxiliary to the growth and general prosperity of Atlanta, Mr. Rice gave his influence freely to the promotion of the success of this enterprise, and before its completion he purchased large bodies of land along the surveyed line of this road, giving the right of way through his property thus obtained. When the road was finished he embarked extensively in the milling and lumber business along its route, /and for eighteen years he continued to prosecute this enterprise with great profit, furnishing a large portion of the lumber utilized in building up the
City of Atlanta." The foregoing statements indicate to how great an extent Mr. Rice early
developed his power as a progressive business man and as a loyal and publicspirited citizen, and the passing years have been marked with large and worthy achievement on his part. Even the following succinct narrative relative to his continuous advancement will clearly demonstrate this fact. The Georgia Western Railroad, designed to connect Atlanta with the coal fields of Alabama and to constitute an artery of general travel and transpor tation, had been chartered and was a' hopeful project for the Gate City, as Atlanta has well been termed. After years of delay, with incidental doubt
as to the completion of this railway line, the charter became the property of

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1935

a syndicate interested in the defeat of the enterprise. Mr. Rice compre hended the object and plan of this organization and determined if possible to defeat the same. To accomplish this purpose he became associated with other citizens in preparing and obtaining a charter for a railroad to pass from Atlanta to Alabama in the same general direction and involving similar privileges to those granted to the Georgia Western Railroad. When the syndicate Owning the old charter saw that a road would be built under a new charter they sold their franchise, and the Georgia Pacific was completed under the latter grant, accomplishing for Atlanta all that was anticipated from the Georgia Western. Mr. Rice contributed largely to the attaining of this splendid result.
The entry of Mr. Rice into the arena of politics was mainly due to the fact that for years he had given his influence in behalf of the political advance ment of friends. Anxious for their success, he applied himself to the study of u men and measures," and soon he gained broad and exact, information concerning the material, financial and economic questions of the day. Natur ally modest, he regarded this knowledge and the influence he possessed, as the property of others, who sought political preferment, and he was always ready to aid in the election of those whom he considered most devoted to and most able to promote the interests of the city, county, state and repub lic. He was, therefore, frequently appointed a delegate to political conven tions called to nominate candidates for city, county, state and Federal offices. It is a known fact that his friends were always successful. But the time came when observant men; impressed with his popularity and with his capacity for usefulness as a representative citizen, urged him to become a candidate, in 1871, for councilman of the City of Atlanta. He consented and was elected triumphantly. In 1873, 1875 and 1887 he was re-elected to the same office. His majority over his opponents was in each instance large, for he received the support of the people without regard to color, condition or party, although he has always been an avowed democrat. These successive preferments demonstrated the high esteem in which he was held, an esteem resulting from his just, honorable, useful and charitable life.
Mr. Rice assisted in establishing the splendid system of public schools which has proved so great a benefit to the children of Atlanta and so important a factor in the increase of the city's population and wealth. The first appropriation of $100,000 to this grand educational conception received his unqualified favor and his vote. No one has been more closely in sympathy with the policy of general education, nor has any one proved a more earnest advocate of the most liberal system of free schools than can be supported by the people. He has uniformly given his influence to the advancement of Atlanta's educational system, so adjusted as to distribute its benefits equitably to the children of the several wards without respect to race or color. As councilman he was always placed on the most important commit tees, such as finance, tax, public-property and others involving the maximum of practical work in behalf of the material interests of the city. He has invariably favored the judicious application of the available municipal funds to the sole improvements, embracing streets, waterworks, sewerage, etc., and he gave effective aid in the organization of efficient fire and police depart ments.
In later years equally valuable municipal service has been accorded by Mr. Rice through his membership on the city water board, as representative from the Sixth Ward. To this important office he was elected December 15, 1902, and of the same he continued the honored and valued incumbent until his term as commissioner of the board expired in 1907, when he refused to accept the office again. On the 9th of September, 1903, he was elected president of the board of water commissioners, to succeed George W. Har-
Vol. IV--7

1936

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

rison, resigned, and by successive re-elections he continued in tenure of this

position until his final retirement from office as a member of the board.

Mr. Rice was one of the organizers of the Atlanta Board of Health and

served nine consecutive years as a member of the same. During this period

no one was more vigilant in looking after the healthfulness of the city, in

the providing of the best possible sanitary conditions and in the enforcing

of hygienic regulations to preserve the public health.

*

When the question of locating the state capital was submitted to the

people of Georgia, Mr. Rice, as a member of the citizens' committee, labored

most zealously in behalf of Atlanta, and, with others of that committee,

he deserves credit for the result that followed, the selection of Atlanta as

the capital of the state. In the year 1880 he was elected a representative of

Fulton County to the house of representatives of the Georgia Legislature,

defeating his opponent by a very large majority and leading by several

hundred votes all other candidates in the race. He was regarded as one

of the most industrious, practical and resourceful members of the house and

pursued a course that gave him the highest standing with the members of

that body. The high estimate placed upon his services by his constituency

was shown by his re-election in 1882, and he thus served two consecutive

terms. During his membership in the house of representatives Mr. Rice

was placed upon many important standing committees, among which may be

mentioned the committees on finance, corporations, railroads, public property,

and military affairs. He was assigned also to several special committees of

importance, including those appointed to draft and report a general railroad

law, and to redistrict the state. In the legislative session of 1880 a member

of the house, introduced a bill to provide for the erection of a new capitol

for the state. This measure was defeated, notwithstanding the ability with

which it was championed. Its defeat had the effect of placing the location

of the capital again in a condition of uncertainty, as many regarded the

action of the house as an expression of public sentiment and as an indication

of danger to the claims of Atlanta as the seat of the state government.

In 1882 Mr. Rice, impressed with the great importance of settling this

vexed question permanently in favor of Atlanta, resolved to devote all of his

influence to the passage of a bill providing for the erection of a state capitol

that would satisfy the people and prove equal to the demands of the com

monwealth. Actuated by this loyal purpose, he went into council with his

own mind, and studied the question earnestly and critically. He then,

unaided by anyone, prepared a bill which commanded the approval of his

judgment and which he introduced in the house of representatives, on the

3d of November, 1882. For this measure he labored day and night until

he received the executive sanction, on the 8th of September, 1883. To say

that he was untiring in the advocacy of this bill and that he watched every

step of its progress with sleepless vigilance, is but to state an undeniable

truth. Although unaided in the preparation of the bill, in the work of

obtaining its enactment it became necessary to command the support of a

majority of each branch of the general assembly, and it was to the enlisting

of this support that he put forth his prodigious efforts. He followed the

measure to the finance committtee of the house, to which committee it had

been referred, and urged with all possible zeal and ability a favorable report

on the bill. Having gained his point in the committee room he followed the

bill back to the floor of the house, where its passage was secured primarily

through his able championship. Still inspired by his resolve to make this

bill a law, Mr. Rice followed its course into the Senate, where, having no

voice in that body, he used every influence in his power with the finance

committee and with individual senators to insure the success of the measure,

which was the offspring of his own brain and which he was determined to

foster and conduct to its final triumph. In the interims of legislative sessions

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1937

he called upon members of the house and senate in detail and urged the importance of settling the capital question and the passage of his bill. If any legislator ever deserved credit for a legislative enactment, Mr. Rice deserved the gratitude of the people of Atlanta and the state at large for his achievement in this case. It gives to Georgia a splendid capitol which is the pride of every citizen and the object of admiration on the part of all visitors to the capital city. The capitol was erected at smaller cost that any other similar building on this continent and without any extra appropria tion. The history of this bill from its preparation to its introduction in the house and its passage by both branches of the Legislature shows the capacity of its author in conceiving its manifold details and his power in conducting it over strong opposition to ultimate success. To accomplish this result it was necessary to combat a multitude of arguments based on sectional prejudices or timid fears. It was known that the passage of the measure would fix the capital at Atlanta, thus defeating the hopes of all rival communities and localities, and many were fearful that the taxpayers would disapprove the imposition of an additional tax to meet the expenses of construction. Mr. Rice was firmly convinced that the best interests of the entire state would be conserved by establishing permanently the capital at Atlanta, and he worked as if inspired in his effort to accomplish the result. It is now known and appreciated how ably and triumphantly he served Atlanta and Georgia in this emergency, -and this one achievement alone entitles his name to last honor in the history of this great commonwealth of the South.
In the Legislature Mr. Rice also introduced and championed to success ful issue the bill by which that great corporation, the East Tennessee, Virginia & Georgia Railroad, was chartered. The importance of this road and its vast benefits to Atlanta and the state can not be overrated. He was a member of the special committee that framed and reported to the house the present railroad law of Georgia, and he gave his influence to its enact ment. During both terms of his service in the house of representatives he answered to every roll-call and was present at every meeting of the com mittees of which he was a member. All who were associated with him will bear testimony to his constant industry, his keen perception and watchful ness of everything affecting the interests of his constituency and the people of the state at large. On questions of finance, taxation, education and internal improvements his opinions were always sought, for his judgment was con sidered an unerring guide.
' In 1882 Mr. Rice was a member of the committee of the general assembly that was appointed to visit and report upon the technological schools of the North. For some time he had considered the establishing of such a school for Georgia, and when he and the other members of the committee returned 'from their tour of investigation his zeal in behalf of this measure was greatly increased. The report of the committee was the initiation of the legislative movement that resulted in the establishing in Atlanta a state technological school. This institution has proved of great practical benefit to Georgia and its ambitious young men, and Mr. Rice has reason to take pride that he was able to do effective work in bringing about its establish ment, and that under most favorable auspices.
On the 3d of October, 1888, further political honors came to Mr. Rice, in his election to the State Senate, as representative of the Thirty-fifth Senatorial District, comprising the counties of Cobb, Clayton and Fulton. In this campaign he had a severe contest. In the primary election he defeated his opponent by more than 500 votes. Although placed before the people as the democratic standard-bearer of the district, he was opposed_ by an inde pendent candidate who used every possible power to insure his 'own success; the result was the election of Mr. Rice by a majority of about 1,500 votes. Entering upon his senatorial duties, he was appointed chairman of the com-

1938

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

mittees on corporations and on public property, besides being assigned also 'to the committees of finance, railroads, and auditing. During the sessions of 1888 and 1889 the Senate Committee on Corporations did more work than any other committee, and much of the business that came before it was of great importance, involving in many cases intricate questions'of law. Sena tor Rice evinced his characteristic industry, discrimination and sound judg ment, his record in the Senate being one of distinction. Many of the bills that were referred to the committee on corporations were in conflict with the constitution of the state. None of these escaped the critical observation of the chairman and they were reported back to the Senate with a clear expres sion of his views, which in every instance were approved and confirmed by that body. Always present at the meetings of the committees of which he was a member, the impress of Senator Rice's opinions was generally stamped on every report. He was a member of the special committee thatframed the bill providing for the lease of the Western & Atlantic Railroad and he aided in the passing of this bill in the Senate. This was a measure of importance and resulted in a lease of this state road for a period of twenty years, at an annual rental of $430,000.
In 1891 Mr. Rice was elected a member of the Atlanta Board of Alder
men, and in this capacity he served three years. During this period he rendered most efficient and valuable service to the city. As chairman
of the finance and tax committees he was untiring in his efforts to advance .the financial interests of Atlanta. His reports as chairman of the com
mittees mentioned, submitted in 1892, show a perfect familiarity with
the city's resources. A fund of information is contained in each of these
reports and indicates exhaustive research and investigation such as few other men would have taken the pains to make, these tabulated and comparative reports.affording at a glance the true financial status of Atlanta in. that and
preceding years. The report of the tax committee presents a comprehensive
view of the material improvements of the city, the amount of taxes levied and collected, the amount in default, and contains many wise suggestions as to
municipal policies. It is a most creditable fact that under the administration of Mr, Rice as chairman of the finance committee all of the current expenses of the city in 1891 were paid from the city's income, besides leaving a clear
surplus of $16,300. The current expenses of the year 1892 likewise were
paid from the city's income and the surplus at the end of the year was $6,300. During Mr. Rice's term of service as chairman of the tax commis sion large sums were added to the annual receipts of the city treasury. The splendid bridge that spans the railroad excavation on Forsyth 'Street is
mainly due to his influence. It was his conception and he warmly advocated the improvement. In this connection he worked with his usual zeal and energy until the bridge was completed and formally delivered to the city
authorities. Mr. Rice was a member of the board of directors of the International and
Cotton States Exposition and also a member of the executive committee.
None did jnore to make successful this great exposition, which did much to bring Atlanta prominently before the world as an industrial'and commercial
center and as a most delightful place of residence. All that touches the civic and material wellbeing of his home city and
state is a matter of vital interest to Mr. Rice, and it is gratifying to note
that in the midst of his many services in their behalf it has been his also to achieve for himself large and worthy financial prosperity, so that he
is rated among the most substantial capitalists of Georgia's capital city.
He owns a large amount of central and well-improved city property, from which he derives a handsome income, and he has made also judicious invest-.
ments in suburban lands. It is a remarkable fact that although he has made a great number of sales of real estate in and around Atlanta there has

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1939

never followed therefrom a single legal controversy. This indicates his scrupulous care in the examination of the titles and also an integrity that is never sacrificed to expediency or unfairness. His course has been dominated by the highest principles and he has merited success and the respect and honor of men. Mr. Rice is a man of broad mental ken, of well-trained intellectual powers and of wide and varied experience. He has been a. student of the .best in literature, has traveled much and has profited by all experiences that have been his in the multifarious relations of life. Con cerning him it has consistently been said that "his record reveals him as an honorable, good and eminently useful man who has done his utmost to serve liis city, county and state and to advance the welfare of each, a man who has proved also a true and practical friend of humanity and who places accurate valuations upon men, though ever tolerant in judgment and kindly in his attitude toward all." His name will pass on to the pages of history as that of one of the really great and distinguished citizens who have honored Georgia by their character and services.
In his early manhood Mr Rice became a member of the First Methodist Church of Atlanta, and he has served many years as a steward of the same, both he and his wife being zealous and liberal in the support of church work and well ordered charities and benevolences.
On the 2d of August, 1861, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Rice to Miss Mitchell, a daughter of the late Rev. Isaac G. Mitchell, who at that time held a pastoral charge in Atlanta. Of the two children of this union the first born, a son, died in infancy. The surviving son, Charles F., is one of the successful business men and popular citizens of Atlanta, which city has been his home from the time of his nativity.
i
WILLIAM CARROLL LATIMER. A scion of patrician and influential old southern families, Mr. Latimer has been a resident of the City of Atlanta since 1904 and has achieved distinctive prestige as one of the representative members of the bar of Fulton County.
William Carroll Latimer was born in Abbeville County, South Carolina, on the 31st of March, 1879, and is a son of Hon. Asbury C. and Sarah Alice (Brown) Latimer, both likewise natives of South Carolina. Hon. Asbury C. Latimer was long recognized as one of the most able and influential citizens of South Carolina and represented his state with marked distinction in the United States Congress, in which he first served as a member of the House of Representatiyes and later as a member of the Senate. He was the honored incumbent of the office of United States senator from South Carolina at the time of his death, which occurred on the 20th of February, 1908, in the City of Washington, District of Columbia, as the immediate result of a surgical operation from which he was unable to rally. He was fifty-six years of age when he was thus called from the stage of life's mortal endeavors, and by his character and services he signally honored the state which he so ably represented in the national Legislature. His widow, who now maintains her home at Belton, South Carolina, is a daughter of the late Dr. William Carroll Brown, ^ong a prominent physician and influential citizen of Anderson County, that state, and she is a niece of Hon. Joseph E. Brown, a former governor of Georgia.
After his graduation in Wofford College, South Carolina, Mr. Latimer entered the law department of the historical old University of Virginia, at Charlottesville, in which institution he was graduated as a member of the class of 1903 and from which he received his degree of Bachelor of Laws. In the following year he established his residence in Atlanta, where he has since continued in the successful practice of his profession and where his precedence in his chosen vocation represents the result of ability and close application. Mr. Latimer has appeared in many important litigations in the various courts

1940

GEOEGIA AND GEORGIANS

of the Capital City of Georgia and is known not only as a resourceful advocate at the bar but also as a counselor admirably fortified in the science of juris prudence.
Holding inviolable his faith in the basic principles of the democratic party, Mr. Latimer has shown a lively interest in political affairs, has been influen tial in the councils of his party in Georgia but has never manifested any predilection for official preferment of political order. He is affiliated with the various York Eite bodies of the Masonic fraternity, including an Atlanta commandery of the Knights Templar, and holds membership also in the ad junct organization, the Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. He is identified with the Capital City Club, the Piedmont Driving Club and other local organizations of social order, and holds membership in the Fulton County Bar Association and the Georgia State Bar Association.
In the year 1908 was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Latiiner to Miss Frances Wallace, of Paducah, Kentucky, and they have four children: Wil.liam Carroll, Jr., May Wallace, Asbury Church well, and Frances Wallace.

WILLIAM B. BAKER. When the poet Pope, out of the wealth of weary experience that shattered health and lost opportunities had brought to him, wrote that one immortal phrase of his masterpiece, '' Know Thyself,'' he gave to the world a bit of advice of inestimable benefit that has doubtless aroused and awakened the ambition in the life of many walking, as it were, blind folded, that.has led on to success. Self knowledge points the way the path should lead, it inspires effort and confidence follows and it is often the only needed fulcrum for achievement. These thoughts come in considering the interesting story, largely as the result of his own remarks along the same line, of one of Atlanta's steadfast men, William B. Baker, president of the' Atlanta Ice and Coal Corporation, who is also a member of the American Association of Economics and probably one of the best known expert auditors in the State of Georgia.
William B. Baker was born August 12,1868, in Pike County, Georgia, and is a son of Dr. William Battle and Annie M. (Jackson) Baker, the latter of whom survives and resides with her son, William B., at Atlanta. Mr. Baker's family history leads far back to an English ancestor and all along the line have appeared military heroes. As early as 1656 Jasper Baker is on record as witnessing a deed in Virginia. He was, perhaps, one of three brothers of
the name, who appear to have subsequently moved to Warren County, Georgia, and it is certain that his sons participated in the Revolutionary war.
Edwin Baker, the grandfather of William B. Baker, was born in Vir ginia in 1782, and in Warren County, Georgia, married Nancy Darden. He became a man of .affairs and represented Warren County in the Legislature, for twenty-five consecutive years. His sons were men of brilliant military record during the war between the states, all serving the Confederate cause with marked gallantry. John Harris Baker was a member of the Thirteenth Georgia Volunteers, in 1862 being major of this regiment, later lieutenant-
colonel and still later was commissioned colonel. This regiment served in 1861 in West Virginia; in December of (that year
was sent to Gen. E. E. Lee, then commanding at Charleston; in the spring of 1862 served on the Georgia coast with distinction on Whitemarch Island, and was sent back to Virginia with Lawton's Brigade in time to take part in the seven days' battles. From that time it served in the army of Northern Vir ginia until the close of the war. Upon the death of Colonel Ector early in 1862, Marcellus Douglas was appointed colonel". He was killed at Sharpsburg while gallantly leading his regiment and was succeeded by James M. Smith. John Harris Baker, at that time major of the regiment, was promoted to lieutenant-colonel and afterwards was commissioned colonel.
The name of Alfred Baker is indissolubly associated with the splendid

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1941

Confederate military service of the Baker Volunteers, and Caswell's-Georgia Battalion of Sharpshooters, as will appear by this sketch of his special devo tion to the brave boys of that command and his general warm support of the Confederate cause. He lived several years after the war ended, enjoying the honor in which he was held by Confederate soldiers, and remaining true to their memories and proud of their fame to the last. Alfred Baker was born' in Warren County, Georgia, February 8, 1811, and died June 16, 1896, in Summerville, Richmond County, near Augusta, Georgia. He was son of Edwin Baker, who was born in Virginia in 1782. His grandfather was John Baker, an Englishman, one of three brothers, who came to America some time before that date and fought with distinction in the Revolutipnary war. This grandfather married Miss Patty Harris, of Virginia. The family then t moved to Warren County, Georgia, and there Edwin Baker married in 1809, Miss Nancy Darden, of Georgia, and represented Warren County in the Legislature for twenty-five years consecutively. He was a very popular and prominent man and highly educated for that time.
William Battle Baker, father of William B. Baker of Atlanta, died when his son was but one month old. He was a prominent physician in Pike County, Georgia. During the Civil war he had served as captain of a com pany in the Fifty-third Georgia Volunteers, this regiment being a part of the splendid brigade of General Semmes in Virginia. Captain Baker served under the above gallant officer until his death at Gettysburg, then under General Bryan during the Chattanooga and Knoxville campaign of Longstreet, with whom he returned to Virginia and served in the overland cam paign and around Richmond. At all times he was a brave and efficient officer.
Too young to realize the loss he had sustained in the death of his father, William B. Baker had, necessarily, through boyhood and early youth, fewer opportunities than would otherwise have been the case, but he attended school and, after numerous experiences, drifted into mercantile life. It takes a long time for a country to recover from the ravages of war and years passed 'Over fair Georgia after the end of hostilities before business adjustments came and prosperity once more encouraged and repaid industry. It was a period when other men beside Mr. Baker found it difficult to find the proper niche, the equal balance that undoubtedly was necessary in order to make plans effective and results satisfactory. This problem he solved in his own way and it can
be told no better than in his own words. "I was a failure up to the time that I was thirty years old. I always
seemed to try to carry more than I could comfortably pack up to that period of my life, but from the time the thirtieth milestone was passed, fortune seemed to smile on me more benignly. I attribute my success, such as it has been, to a closer study of life and economics. When I found that I needed expansion and a wider viewpoint, I took advantage of what extra hours that could be found, and read and studied to the end that I might grasp the more intimate affairs of life and conquer my mercantile problems."
The Atlantic Ice and Coal Corporation, of which Mr. Baker is president and with which business he has been identified for more than twelve years, was organized at Atlanta, Georgia, and at present operates large establish ments in sixteen Southern cities and affords employment to from 2,000 to 3,000 men. The concern is worked on the co-operative plan, which has proved a success as a business system and has proven also most satisfying in other directions. Mr. Baker is a thoughtful, well read man and is a large con tributor to the school of economics at the University of Georgia, and has presented several valuable sets of works on modern economics to the institu tion, besides delivering lectures during the school term to the student body, on the subject of accounting. He is, in, large measure, responsible for the recent passage of the certified accountant law in Georgia, and has, for years,
been .a leader along the lines of expert auditing.

1942

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

Mr. Baker was married March 22, 1892,, to Miss Perla Pope, who is a daughter of Judge J. S. Pope, of Pike County, and they have two sons: William Pope Baker and Ernest Battle Baker, both at present being students in the University of Georgia, the elder a senior in the medical department. The entire family belongs to St. Mark's Methodist Episcopal Church, Atlanta. Mr. Baker belongs to the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce and is a life member
of the Capital City Club.

CLIFFORD L. ANDERSON. Through his activities in manifold directions has .

General Anderson effectually maintained the high honors of a name that has

be'en one of special prominence and influence in the history of Georgia, and

in the ancestral line on the distaff side have likewise been found many dis

tinguished representatives. General Anderson is one of the able and influen

tial members of the bar of his native state, and is engaged in the practice of

his profession in the City of Atlanta, as senior member of the important law

firm of Anderson & Rountree, with offices in the Trust Company of Georgia

Building. He has been foremost in the bringing of the Georgia National

Guard up to its present high standard, both in personnel and military effi

ciency, and he had command of the entire organization in this state, with

the rank of brigadier-general, until his voluntary retirement, in October,

1912, with full rank. He has also found time to accord loyal and valuable

service in public positions of important order and is known as one of the vital,

progressive and liberal citizens of the metropolis and capital city of his native

commonwealth.

Gen. Clifford LeConte Anderson was born in the City of Macon, judicial

center of Bibb County, Georgia, on the 7th of July, 1862, and is a son of

Clifford and Anna (LeConte) Anderson, his father having been a man of

eminence in Georgia and to him being paid a memorial tribute on other

pages of this work, so that a repetition of data concerning his career and the

family history is not demanded at this juncture. William LeConte, maternal

grandfather of General Anderson, was a brother of Doctors Joseph and John

LeConte, who have consistently been designated as "two of the most eminent

scientists our country has ever produced." The maiden name of the wife

of William LeConte was Sarah Nisbet and she was a sister of Hon. Eugenius

A. Nisbet, one of the first members of the Supreme Court of Georgia. The

LeConte family' representatives who became progenitors of the American

branch were French Huguenots who left France to escape religious persecu

tion, shortly after the revocation of the famous Edict of Nantes, and found

refuge in America, settlement here being made in New Jersey. In the latter

part of the eighteenth century William LeConte, great-great-grandfather of

him whose name initiates this article, came from New Jersey to Georgia,

where he acquired an extensive landed estate, in Liberty County. He was

survived by two sons and in the division of his estate the Liberty County

property came into the possession of his son Louis, great-grandfather of Gen

eral Anderson. Concerning Louis LeConte it has been stated that he himself

was a "famous man of his day as a botanist and naturalist, and these traits,

which made his two grandsons so famous, appear to have been virtually

hereditary in the family." William LeConte, grandfather of General Ander

son, died at the early age of twenty-seven years, and about the year 1843 his

widow contracted a second marriage, both she and her husband having passed

the residue of their lives in the City of Macon. The distinguished and loved

1

Georgian poet, the late Sidney Lanier, was a first cousin of General Anderson,

whose father's sister, Mary, became the wife of Robert S. Lanier.

In the City of Macon General Anderson gained the major part of his

early educational discipline in well ordered private schools, and after due

preparation he was matriculated in Mercer University, in that city, in the

academic or literary department of which representative institution he was

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1943

graduated as a member of the class of 1880 and with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. In 1883 he was graduated in the law department of his alma mater, when he received the degree of Bachelor of Laws. In Macon the general
was admitted to the bar and initiated the practice of law on the day he attained to his legal majority, and though he was successful in his practice in his native city he had the self-confidence and ambition that prompted him to enter a broader field of professional endeavor by removing to Atlanta in 1886. Here he has since been actively engaged in practice during the long intervening period of nearly thirty years, and within this time he has been concerned with much of the important litigation in the various courts of the Capital City and where he has gained prestige as one of the really eminent members .of a
bar of exceptional distinction.
In a significant sense General Anderson possesses that great desideratum, mens sana in corpore sano, and his virile powers have found exemplification in avenues aside from that of his profession. In 1914 he completed his fourth consecutive term of service as a member of the Board of Commissioners of Roads and Revenues for Fulton County, of which office he became the incum bent on the 1st of July, 1899, so that his total period of service covers sixteen years, his retirement having been entirely voluntary, as he declined to continue
his service for a fifth term.
It is imperative that in this review .shall be made special mention of the long and prominent service given by General Anderson in connection with the state militia of Georgia. In 1883 he became a private in the organization known as the Macon Volunteers, and after his removal to Atlanta, in 1886, he enlisted as a member of the Gate City Guards, in which organization he was commissioned first lieutenant in the autumn of that year. A year later he was promoted captain, and from 1892 to 1894 he served on the military staff of Governor North-en, with the rank of lieutenant-colonel. In 1895 the general retired from the militia, but in 1901 he again indulged his predilection for military affairs and resumed ids association with the Georgia National Guard, in the office of lieutenant-colonel of the Fifth Regiment of Infantry. In January of the following year he was promoted colonel, and as such he had command of the Fifth Regiment until October, 1907, when he was pro moted and received commission as brigadier-general, with command of all of the troops of the Georgia National Guard. As previously noted in this con text, he continued the popular, efficient and honored incumbent of this office until his voluntary retirement, in October, 1912, and he still retains deep interest in the fine military organizations over which he thus had command and to the furtherance of whose proficiency he contributed in generous
measure. For many years General Anderson served as chairman of the Georgia
Child-labor Committee; he is at the present time vice president of the Juvenile Protective Association, likewise a state organization; and he was formerly vice president for Georgia of the National Good Roads Association. The gen eral is now one of the directors of the American Highway Association, and in all things he is active and loyal in supporting measures and enterprises tending to advance the civic and material welfare of his home city and native state. General Anderson is a valued member of the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce, is identified with the American Bar Association and the Georgia State Bar Association, is affiliated with the Masonic fraternity, and in Atlanta holds membership in the Capital City Club, the Piedmont Driving Club, and the University Club. Both he and his wife are members of the Presbyterian Church and in politics he accords unwavering support to the cause of the democratic party. General Anderson is a man of fine intellectuality and his appreciation of the best in literature is indicated in his library of nearly 5,000 volumes, besides which his law library is specially complete and com prehensive. The general is an interested principal in a number of the impor-

1944

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

tant financial institutions and business corporations of Atlanta and is a director of several of these.
On the 10th of September, 1884, was solemnized the marriage of General Anderson to Miss Kittle Van Dyke, daughter of Wilson J. and Jeanette (Ballon) Van Dyke, and of the three children of this union two are living: Annie Adora, who is the. wife of John Gelzer, Jr., of Atlanta, Georgia; and Clifford Van Dyke Anderson, who is a resident of the City of Montgomery, that state.
STEPHEN ELLIOTT was first bishop of the Protestant Episcopal Church in Georgia. He was born at Beaufort, South Carolina, August 31, 1806, the son of Stephen Elliott, LL. D., a famous naturalist of his day, a man of great attainments, an able writer, and possessed of strong character. Bishop Elliott graduated from Harvard University in 1824, studied law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced his profession in Charleston and Beaufort from 1827 until 1833. He then applied for orders in the Episcopal Church, and was ordained deacon in 1835 and priest in 1836, and in 1840 elected first bishop of the diocese of Georgia, and consecrated on February 18, 1841. On first coming to the state, in addition to his duties as bishop, he acted as rector of St. John's Church, in Savannah. The church was undertaking to support a female institute at Montpelier which was embarrassed with debt and having a hard struggle for existence. At great sacrifice, Bishop Elliott gave up his ministerial charge in Savannah and took charge of the institute, assuming the debt. From 1845 to 1853 he lived at Montpelier, and carried on this work in addition to the burdens of the diocese.
In 1844 there was added to Bishop Elliott's load the appointment of provisional bishop of Florida. He heartily entered into the movement to establish the University of the South, under the patronage of the Episcopal Church. Upon the death of Bishop Meade he succeeded as senior bishop of the council. He was active and prominent in the efforts which brought about the reunion of the two branches of the Episcopal Church. His latter years were spent in Savannah, where he added to his other duties the work of rector of Christ Church. During his life he published several volumes of sermons and addresses, and worn out with his great labors died on December 21, 1866, in his sixty-first year.
THOMAS H. MORGAN. That fidelity and appreciation which make for large and worthy achievements have been significantly shown in the career of Mr. Morgan, who is recognized as one of the leading architects of Georgia and who is distinguished among his friends and associates for his uncompromising business integrity and his loyalty to the best ideals and interests of his profes sion, in the work of which he has been actively ^and successfully engaged in the City of Atlanta for nearly forty years.
Thomas H. Morgan was born near the City of Syracuse, in Onondaga County, New York, and the date of his nativity was'December 11, 1857. He is a son of Dr. John H. and Elizabeth (McDonald) Morgan, whose marriage was solemnized in Syracuse, where the latter died in the year 1865. Doctor Morgan was born at Manlius, Onondaga County, New York, in 1836, but he lived the greater part of his life in Knoxville, Tennessee, where he was sum moned to eternal rest in 1887, secure in the high regard of all who had come within the compass of his benignant influence. His parents were natives of England and came from Herefordshire to the United States in 1834, in which year they established their home at Manlius, New York, where both died in 1842. Doctor Morgan carefully prepared himself for the profession of his choice and was one of the first representatives of the homeopathic school of medicine in the State of Tennessee, where he attained to distinctive prestige not only in his profession but also in connection with public affairs and fra-

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

.1945

ternal organizations. On the 4th of July, 1876, the centenary of the signing of the Declaration of Independence, he became the founder of that noble patriotic organization, the Order of the Golden Cross, which exercises both benevolent and insurance functions and which now has many thousand members.
Shortly after the close of the Civil war Thomas H. Morgan joined his father at Knoxville, Tennessee, where he attended the public schools and also private schools and where he later pursued higher academic studies in the University of Tennessee, which was then known as East Tennessee University. Within the period of his school days in Knoxville, in the summer of 1876, Mr.-Morgan took up the study of arhitecture as1 a pastime and he became so attracted to the art and its practical application that he decided to leave school and devote himself to the thorough and scientific study of architecture with a view to making the profession his permanent vocation. After three years of technical study, in Knoxville, St. Louis, Missouri, and New York City, Mr,* Morgan established his residence in Atlanta, in which city he arrived on the 7th of March, 1879. Here he became an assistant in the office of Parkins & Brace, then a representative Atlanta firm of architects, and on the 1st of January, 1882, upon the retirement of the senior member of the firm Messrs. Brace and Morgan formed a partnership alliance under the firm name of Bruce & Morgan. This association continued twenty-two years, Alex ander C. Bruce having retired from the firm on the 1st of January, 1904. Since that time Mr. Morgan has been associated with John R. Dillon, under the firm title of Morgan & Dillon, and they have proved most effective coad jutors in the control of a specially large and important business. During the many years that Mr. Morgan has been engaged in the work of his profession in Georgia he has been concerned with the designing and erection of many of the finest buildings in the South, and his most important work within recent years has been, with his associates, in the planning of steel and fireproof office buildings in Atlanta, notably the Grant, the Austell, the Empire, the Atlanta National Bank Building, the Fourth NationalBank Building, the Third Na-. tional Bank Building, the Healey Building, the Fulton County Courthouse, the Oglethorpe University buildings, and the Germania Bank Building in the City of Savannah.
Mr. Morgan is a fellow of the American Institute of Architects, a member of the Georgia Chapter of the American Institute of Architects, of which he was president three years, and he is identified also with the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce, the Capital City Club, the Piedmont Driving Club, the Robert Burns Club and the "Old Guard." He was for two years vice president and member of-the board of directors of the Kobert Burns Club and during the year of his incumbency of the office of vice president of this representative organization he was instrumental in securing the plans and accurate dimen sions of the Burns cottage, in Alloway, Scotland, and in reproducing the cot tage on the beautiful grounds of the Atlanta Club, which perpetuates the name and memory of the loved Scottish poet.
In the summer of 1879 Mr. Morgan became a member of the old Gate City Guard, with which he continued to be actively identified for many years. He was a member of its first board of trustees and assisted in the purchase of its first armory building,' at the corner of Peachtree and James streets, besides having been closely concerned with the work of reconstructing and remodel ing the old building in such a way as to make it properly adapted for the use of the organization. He was also influential, as a member of the executive committee, in reviving the old organization and forming the present "Old Guard." In the Masonic fraternity Mr. Morgan is affiliated with the lodge, chapter and commandery bodies of the York Rite, with the Scottish Rite bodies and with Yaarab Temple, Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, of which he is number 38.

1946

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

In his civic attitude Mr. Morgan has ever been progressive and publicspirited, and while he has naught of desire for public office he accords unfalter ing allegiance to the democratic party, and none in the least familiar with his professional career can fail to realize that he has contributed much to the physical development and metropolitan attractiveness of Georgia's fair metropolis and capital city.
On the 5th of September, 1889, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Morgan to Miss Sarah Elizabeth Hyde, daughter of the late Arunah W. and Elizabeth (Russell) Hyde, of Hydeville, Rutland County, Vermont, the wedding cere mony having been performed at Springfield, Massachusetts. Mr. and Mrs. Morgan have one daughter, Elizabeth Hyde Morgan, born in Atlanta, and who was married to Mr. Edward Spalding Lewis in Atlanta, April 22,1915.
V
PRESTON S. ARKWRIGHT. The Georgia Railway & Power Company is one of the important corporations of the state, with headquarters in the City of Atlanta, and its interests have been signally advanced through the able admin istration accorded to its affairs by Mr. Arkwright, who is president of the company, as was he also of its predecessor, the Georgia Railway & Electric Company. He has been identified with other large corporate and industrial interests in his native state and though he is a member of the Georgia bar and achieved success in the practice of his profession he is better known as a progressive captain of industry and man of affairs, the while he takes a loyal and liberal interest in all that touches the civic and material welfare and advancement of the state within whose borders he has lived from the time of his nativity.
Preston S. Arkwright was born in the City of Savannah, Georgia, on the 24th of February, 1871, and is in the very prime of his strong and resourceful powers as one of the constructive elements in the citizenship of this favored commonwealth of the Union. He is a son of Thomas and Martha (Stanley) Arkwright, the former of whom was born at Preston, Lancashire, England, and the latter in the City of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where their mar,riage was solemnized. He whose name initiates this article received his per sonal cognomen in honor of his father's native place, and after availing himself of the advantages of the public schools of Savannah he continued his studies in the Catholic convent school conducted by the Sisters of St. Joseph at Sharon, Georgia, after which he was a student in turn in the South Georgia Agricul tural and Mechanical College, at Thomasville, and the North Georgia Agricul tural and Mechanical College, at Daholonega. He also graduated from the
University of Georgia in 1890 with the Bachelor of Philosophy degree. In
preparation for the profession of his choice Mr. Arkwright next entered the
law department of the University of Georgia, in which he was graduated as a
member of the class of 1891 and from which he received the degree of Bachelor
of Laws, with virtually concomitant admission to the bar of his native state.
Thereafter he was engaged in the active and successful general practice of law
until 1901, when he retired from the work of his profession to assume the office
of president of the Georgia Railway & Electric Company. Of this position he
has continued the resourceful incumbent since the reorganization of this very
important corporation, in 1912, under its present title of Georgia Railway
& Power Company. Mr. Arkwright is identified with various representative
social and other civic organizations in his home City of Atlanta, and both he
and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South.
On the 2d of June, 1896, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Arkwright
to Miss Dorothy T. Colquitt, daughter of Hon. Alfred H. and Sarah (Bunn)
Colquitt, of Atlanta, and two children of this union are Dorothy Colquitt and
Preston Stanley, Jr.

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1947

HON. JOSEPH HENRY LUMPKIN. In his lifetime one of Georgia's most distinguished citizens, Hon. Joseph Henry Lumpkin, for more than a decade wore the mantle of an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the state. He came of an honored line of ancestors. The Lumpkin family has been identified with the State of Georgia since the year 1784, and its members have distinguished themselves in the various walks of life. It was founded in America by Dr. Thomas Lumpkin, who came from England as one of the early settlers of King and Queen County, Virginia. A grandson of Doctor Lumpkin, George Lumpkin, migrated from the Old Dominion to what is now Oglethorpe County, Georgia, in 1784, accompanied by his son, John, who was then, a married man with children. The latter was a man of fine appear ance, carrying his six feet of height in an erect manner. John Lumpkin served in numerous public capacities, being for many years a justice of the peace in Wilkes County, and after the creation of Oglethorpe County serving for a long time as judge of the Inferior Court. He was a member of the Legislature which passed the rescinding act of the Yazoo Fraud, a member of the convention which formed the second Constitution of the State of Georgia, was a Jeffersonian elector and was for many years clerk of the Superior Court of Oglethorpe County, in addition to serving in various minor capacities.
John Lumpkin was the father of ten sons and one daughter, and eight of the sons and the daughter lived to rear families. By reason of their father's position, the children were able to secure unusual advantages, and the eight sons who became heads of families were all strong men, two of them reaching distinguished positions. Between the years 1804 and 1841, Wilson Lumpkin, one of these sons, filled every position within the gift of the people of the state, including legislator, congressman, governor and United States senator, and also served in various public positions not elective. Another son, Joseph Henry, became the first chief justice of the State Supreme Court and was universally accounted one of the greatest jurists Georgia has ever known. In his younger years he had engaged in agricultural pursuits, but from boy hood he had a passionate love for books and study, and while other lads of his age were devoting their time to sports, he preferred to employ himself in improving his mind. The most laborious work in the field could not so tire him that he did not care for his books, and often he studied into the small hours of the morning. He was a man of great learning, of varied information and of rare oratorical powers. A grandson of John Lumpkin, John Henry Lumpkin, born in 1812, died in 1860, was a legislator, served six years in Congress, and in 1856 was a leading candidate of the democratic party for nomination to the office of governor. A great-grandson of John Lumpkin Samuel Lumpkin, filled various appointments before becoming associate justice of the Supreme Court, serving thirteen years in that capacity, and still another great-grandson was Judge Lumpkin, the subject of this sketch. Thus' it will be seen that in every generation from 1784 to the present, some member or members of the family have served faithfully and well the people
and the state. William Wilberforce Lumpkin, son of Joseph Henry Lumpkin the elder,
and father of Judge Lumpkin of this review, was a distinguished man of letters, a professor in the University of Georgia and a teacher of elocution and rhetoric. Like his father, he was a man of deep piety and was for years an elder in the Presbyterian Church. He married Maria Louisa King, a woman of strong character, whose life was consecrated to the training of her children and to the sacred duties of her home.
Joseph Henry Lumpkin was born September 3, 1856, at Athens, Georgia, and there received his entire education. Entering the State University, he was graduated in the class of 1875, and although a stripling of less than nineteen years of age, received the highest honors, and was recognized by his instructors as an unusual fine classical scholar. From his grandfather he

I'

1948

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

inherited his great love of books. When he left the State University, he went to the .City of Atlanta, where he began the study of law, applying himself so assiduously that in 1876 he was admitted to the bar. He immediately formed a partnership with Capt. Harry Jackson, a leading practitioner of the day, and in the following year was appointed assistant reporter for the Supreme Court of the state, and in 1882, when the Hon. Harry Jackson resigned as reporter, Mr. Lumpkin was advanced to that responsible position. In this capacity his service made him thoroughly familiar with court deci sions and the practice, so that when he resigned to enter the active practice of his profession he was a thoroughly equipped lawyer. That even at this time his decided talents were recognized and appreciated is shown in the words of Chief Justice Bleckley, who said of him at the time of his retire ment: "In directing that the resignation be accepted and recorded on the minutes, I will observe for the court that it is with great regret that we part with an officer whose services have been, so faithful and so efficient. Mr. Lumpkin's faculty for reporting is remarkable. He can, with more facility and expedition than almost any other man I have ever known, arrive at the true contents of a record or opinion and present them in a condensed form, making a sort of miniature of any case, however large its proportion, and yet a miniature that reflects its features accurately."
During the time that he was in active practice, in the absence of the attorney-general of the state, Governor Northen stated 'that he frequently sought Mr. Lumpkin's opinion, and became so favorably impressed with his clear perception and sound judgment that he advanced him by appointment to the judgeship of the Superior Court of the Atlanta Circuit, upon the resig nation of Hon. Marshall J. Clarke, an appointment which took effect Septem ber 16, 1893. He filled the unexpired term, and was then elected by the Legislature, for a term of four years, and at the conclusion of that term was re-elected without opposition, by popular vote (the mode of election having been changed) for another full term. Judge Lumpkin was serving in this latter term, when in 1905, upon the resignation of Justice Joseph R. Lamar, he was appointed by Governor Terrell as associate justice of the Supreme Court. In 1906, at the expiration of his term, he was elected by the people without opposition for a full term of six years, and this was followed by a re-election in 1912 for another six year term on the Supreme Bench. While, naturally, Judge Lumpkin was found at his best in matters pertaining to the law, his learning was comprehensive and covered a wide range of subjects. Upon those who know him, Judge Lumpkin impressed himself as a profound and learned jurist, a gentleman of the old type, of untarnished honor and unquestioned integrity, a polished scholar, possessing in a marked degree the graces of diction, a useful citizen and an upright man. Judge Lumpkin never married. Judge Lumpkin died' suddenly in Atlanta from paralysis, after a brief illness, on September 6,1916. In 1914 the University of Georgia conferred upon him the degree of LL. D.
ALBERT F. BELLINGRATH. As executive head of the Bellmgrath Plumbing Company, one of the most important concerns of this order in the Georgia metropolis, Mr. Bellingrath is to be designated as a representative business man and loyal and progressive citizen of Atlanta, which has been his place of residence from the time of his birth and in which city he is successfully identified with a branch of business enterprise of which his honored father was a pioneer in Atlanta. He enjoys unalloyed popularity in the business and social circles of his native city, is a member of the directorate of the Atlanta Builders Exchange and is a valued member of the Master Plumbers' Association of this city, of which latter he formerly served as secretary.
Mr. Bellingrath was born in Atlanta on the 22d of April, 1867, and is a son of Albert and Mary G. (McMillan) Bellingrath, the former of whom was

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1949

born in the thriving little industrial City of Lennep, Rhenish Prussia, and the latter in Quincy, the judicial center of Gadsden County, Florida. Born in the year 1838, Albert Bellingrath acquired his early educational training in the schools of his fatherland, and in 1852, when about fifteen years of age, he immigrated to the United States and established his residence in Fayetteville, North Carolina, where he found employment at the trade of coppersmith. In 1856 he came to Atlanta, Georgia, which was then but a small city, where he was in the employ of the Georgia Railway Company until 1866, save for an interval during the Civil war, when he was detailed for service in the manufacturing of alcohol and spirits of nitre for the Confederate Government, In 1866 he became associated with his brother Leonard and with Calvin W. Hunnicutt in the steam-heating and plumbing business, under the firm name of Hunni cutt & Bellingrath, and the firm built up a specially large and prosperous enterprise along this line, with long continued prestige as one of the foremost concerns of the kind in Atlanta. Operations were continued under the original title until 1902 a period of nearly forty years, and Albert Bellingrath passed to the life eternal on the 7th of January of the following year, secure in the high regard of all who knew him and recognized as one of the representative pioneer business men of the fine metropolis and capital of the State of Georgia. Through his civic loyalty and enterprising business policies Mr. Bellingrath contributed his quota to the material, civic and industrial upbuildng of Atlanta, where his venerable widow still resides; of their eight children five are living.
Albert F. Bellingrath, whose name initiates this review, is indebted to the public schools of Atlanta for his early scholastic discipline and was here gradu ated in the Boys' High School as a member of the class of 1884, after which he was for some time a student in the University of Tennessee. In June, 1884, Mr. Bellingrath became associated with the plumbing business estab
lished by his father, but in June of 1887 he assumed a position in the office of the city engineer of Atlanta, with which department of the municipal service he was thus connected until June of the following year, when he resumed his association with his father's firm, for the purpose of completing a thorough and practical apprenticeship to the plumbing trade. He familiar ized himself with all details of this line of enterprise and became a skilled and discriminating artisan, his experiences in this practical way have later been a potent factor in the insuring his pronounced success in his independent business career. After the completion of his apprenticeship Mr. Bellingrath broadened his experience by service in charge of tapping and repair work for the city waterworks, this work receiving his attention for one year, after which he became superintendent for the firm of which his father was a member, an incumbency which he retained seven years and in which connection he had supervision of a large number of important contracts.
In 1897 Mr. Bellingrath formed a partnership with John F. Clemmons, with whom he continued to be associated in the general plumbing business until 1900, in September of which latter year he effected the organization of the Bellingrath Plumbing Company, of which he has been general manager from the time of its inception and which now controls one of the most extensive and important business enterprises of this order in Atlanta, this substantial advancement being largely due to the thorough technical knowledge and the upright and progressive business policies that have marked the administration of its affairs on the part of its popular president.
Mr. Bellingrath was prominently identified with the organizing and devel oping of the Master Plumbers' Association of Atlanta and in 1904 he was elected its secretary, a position which he retained three years. He has served also as vice president for Georgia of the National Association of Master Plumbers and was a delegate to and attended its convention in 1903, in the City of San Francisco, California. Incidentally he found present a large

1950

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

delegation from Missouri and these delegates made an earnest plea for the holding of the next convention of the association in the City of St. Louis, but though Mr. Bellingrath was the only delegate from Georgia so effectively did he exploit the manifold attractions and advantages of his home city and so insistently urge that it was the most logical place for the holding of the next convention, that he succeeded in gaining to Atlanta the convention of the association in June, 1905, the newspaper press stating at the time that this noteworthy result was achieved entirely through the effective oratory of Mr. Bellingrath on the convention floor and his masterly presentation of the claims of his native city.
In politics Mr. Bellingrath has always been known for his unfaltering allegiance to the democratic party, though his civic loyalty has been expressed through effective sentiment and action rather than through manifesting any ambition for political ofiice. Both he and his wife are members of the Pres byterian Church, in which he has served as elder, and he was one of the char ter members of the Georgia Avenue Presbyterian Church of Atlanta, in the organization of which he gave active and valued assistance. In the timehonored Masonic fraternity Mr. Bellingrath is affiliated and is a charter mem ber of E. A. Minor Lodge, No. 603, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, besides which he is identified with Barnes Lodge, No. 55, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and Chippewa Tribe, No. 50, Improved Order of Red Men. From 1889 to 1894 he was a member of the Atlanta Artillery, in which splendid military organization of the Capital City he was a non-commissioned officer. He initiated and vigorously championed the movement that eventuated in the organization of the Atlanta Builders' Exchange, which was formally organized on the 30th of April, 1908, and of which he was a director.
On the 10th of June, 1896, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Belling rath to Miss Lillie Council, daughter of George W. and Calli'e (Barwick) Council, of Americus, this state, and the children of this union are: George C., Mary Alberta, Albert F., Jr., Lillie R. and Calline A.

BENJAMIN F. MEEKS. To some men knowledge is a thing so desirable in itself that time and effort are considered well spent in acquiring it even when, in pursuing their daily vocations, such knowledge is not a necessary possession. This tendency, however, has much to do with their success in any line, for, with a taste for real knowledge, no detail in business life is without a meaning and that meaning they are pretty sure, for their own satisfaction, to thoroughly understand. To a large degree, business success is due to mental discipline, and the more varied and thorough is a man's knowledge of other vocations, the better he is prepared to meet the problems of his own. In this connection reference may be made to Benjamin F. Meeks, who is president of the B. F. Meeks Construction Company, of Atlanta, widely known in the general contracting business, and qualified also for the practice
of medicine,'a graduate of the Atlanta Medical College. Benjamin F. Meeks, in his ancestry, combines honorable old families of
the South, He was born at Rome, Georgia, August 21, 1874, and is a son of Benjamin F. and Mary C. (Huckaby) Meeks. On both sides the ancestry leads back to English* forefathers, and on the maternal side, some of the mem bers have been ennobled. Robert C. Huckaby, the maternal grandfather, was born in England and when he came, as a young man, to the United States, he settled in Anderson County, South Carolina. There his daughter, later the mother of Benjamin F. Meeks, was born August 6, 1836. She died at Newnan, Coweta County, Georgia, February 11, 1915, when in her seventy-ninth
year. Archibald Meeks, the paternal great-grandfather, was born in England
and when he came to the United States located in Floyd County, Georgia, and there James Meeks, the paternal grandfather, was born, married and reared

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1951

his family. One son, Benjamin F. Meeks, was born at Rome, Georgia, August 8, 1836. He died at Newnan, Georgia, January 20, 1897. His business was contracting and building, his work covering all departments of this industry including the building of numerous steamboats that plied on the Coosa River. During the entire period of war between the states, he served as a soldier in the Confederate army, facing many hazards and passing through innumerable dangers but surviving all and returning unharmed to his home when hostilities ceased. His family of children consisted of four sons and four daughters and of these two sons and two daughters, survive: Benjamin F., his father's namesake; Alfred M., who is a farmer near Newnan, Georgia; Susie, who is Mrs. Oliver P. Payne, of Newnan; and Estella, who is Mrs. George W. Waits, of Atlanta.
During the first eight years of his life, Benjamin F. Meeks lived with his parents at Rome, Georgia, and then accompanied them when removal was made to Jacksonville, and two years later to Atlanta, and the last named city has been his home ever since although, in 1886, his parents removed to Newnan, Georgia. He attended the public schools in the different cities, mainly at Atlanta. Before entering into business he decided to take a full medical course, not with any idea of ever practicing but to satisfy his desire for scientific knowledge. In 1897, therefore, he entered the Atlanta Medical Col lege and completed the entire course in 1900. He did not seek a degree but the training and knowledge are his nevertheless.
After completing his medical studies he embarked in a general contracting business at Atlanta and in 1906 established the B. F. Meeks Construction & Equipment Company, of which he was sole owner. In 1910 this was succeeded by the B. F. Meeks Construction Company, which was incorporated in the same year. Mr. Meeks became president of this important concern, and W. E. Dunn is secretary and treasurer. This company does a general contracting business, in the line of street and sewer work, the building of sidewalks and of paved country roads and the construction of reservoirs and waterworks plants. Its business field is the entire South. Its equipments are all of modern construction and employment is given a very large force of men.
On October 7, 1894, Mr. Meeks was united in marriage with Miss Allie Earhart, who was born and reared at Haralson, Coweta County, Georgia.
In politics always a democrat, Mr. Meeks has never desired public office finding his business interests sufficient to absorb his time, nevertheless he is a wide-awake citizen and is ever ready to co-operate with others in advancing movements of public welfare concerning city or section. He is a member of the National Good Roads Congress. His Masonic connections are of long standing and of great importance, including membership in Palestine Lodge No. 486, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons; Mount Zion Chapter, No. 16, Royal Arch; Atlanta Commandery No. 9, Knights Templar; and Yaarab Temple, Ancient Arabic Order Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, of Atlanta. He is scarcely less interested in the Odd Fellows and is a past high priest of Em pire Encampment. Mr. and Mrs. Meeks are active members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. In private life they are hospitable and friendly and both are interested in charitable movements.
JOHN FORSYTE, lawyer, diplomat and statesman, was born in Frederick County, Virginia, about the year 1781. When, he was old enough, following the customs of many Georgia youths, he went to Princeton College, and graduated in 1799. His early inclination was for the law, which profession he studied in Augusta, and was admitted to the bar in 1802. His success was rapid, rising to the position of attorney-general in 1808 and being elected to Congress in 1812. From this position he was elevated to the United States Senate in 1815 and his career as a statesman was fully begun.
The first event that brought him into national notice was his successful
Vol. IV 8

1952

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

manipulation of the treaty between the United States and Spain, by which the Territory of Florida was added to our general domain. A treaty had already been concluded between the two governments in 1819 by which Spain ceded Florida to the United States and the United States ceded Spain all claims to the territory west of the Sabine, and agreed to pay $4,000,000 for
the equivalent of the value of the territory exchanged. Spain had agreed to use this money in satisfying certain losses that had
been sustained by the citizens of the United States by the depredations of Spanish cruisers more than twenty years before, which claims had been acknowledged by the Spanish government as far back as 1802. Another article which involved the legality of various land titles complicated matters and made it impossible to carry the treaty into effect until they had been adjusted. This delicate task was accomplished by Senator Forsyth, at Madrid, after the diplomatic negotiations with Spain had extended over a
period of four years. Upon the satisfactory conclusion of this treaty, Forsyth was elected to
Congress in 1823, where he remained until 1827, and in the latter year he was elected governor without opposition. At the conclusion of his term in 1829 the Legislature sent him to the United States Senate. He opposed the tariff
of 1832, as did the Southern senators generally, as well as the doctrine of nullification, which had been suggested by Calhoun and the convention in South Carolina, Probably Forsyth's power as a leader was never shown to greater advantage than in the famous anti-tariff convention in 1832.
Senator Forsyth continued the firm defender of President Jackson in his administration. The removal of the public deposits from the Bank of the United States, the dismissal of Duane as Secretary of State, the controversy with Congress, all bitter and stirring questions drew Forsyth into the arena. In the controversy between the President and the Senate, and after the pas sage of the measure censuring his conduct, Forsyth stood forth the champion
of the President. President Jackson appointed him Secretary of State, in place of Louis
McLaiie, resigned and his nomination was1 confirmed by the Senate June 27, 1834. For seven years he held this office, during the remainder of Jackson's
term and until Van Buren retired in March, 1841. With the election of General Harrison, John Forsyth passed off the stage
of public affairs. The hero of Tippecanoe died one month after he was in augurated, and October 21, 1841, John Forsyth also passed away in his six
tieth year.

. JOHN DOZIER LITTLE. One of the foremost members of the Georgia bar, John Dozier Little has won his position through no happy chance. His career, from the time that he left college halls, has been one of constant application and steady industry, of success well and*'worthily won. Born at Talbotton, Talbot County, Georgia, April 17, 1871, he belongs to a family of mixed Scottish and French Huguenot descent, and is a son of Judge William A. and Sarah Virginia (Dozier) Little, this branch of the Little family having been founded in Virginia in about 1760, while the Dozier family was established
in,South Carolina in 1748. The Little family was brought to Georgia by William G. Little, the grand-
father of John Dozier Little, who came here in 1830, settled in Wilkinson County and became a man of prominence during his day, serving several years in the State Senate. William A. Little, his son and the father of John D., was born in 1838, in Baldwin County, Georgia, and was educated for the law, in which he had made all arrangements to engage when the breaking out of the war between the North and the South disturbed his plans. Putting aside his private aspirations, he enlisted in ,July, 1861, as a private in a company of state troops, and at the expiration of his brief enlistment,

: '

.:

'

;

^ | .I I f I | | |

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1953

joined Company C of the Third Georgia Cavalry, with which he served until transferred to Company F, Twenty-ninth Georgia Battalion. His company being attached to the cavalry corps of the western army, commanded by the famous Gen. Joe Wheeler, he saw much arduous and dangerous, service, and was once taken prisoner, but had the good fortune to be exchanged within a month. After being promoted to the rank of lieutenant, he was transferred to the gulf coast, and was later made captain, a rank which he held at the time hostilities ceased.
Returning to Talbotton, Captain Little began the practice of his chosen profession, in which he made rapid strides. He was made county solicitor in 1866, and from that time forward held various offices of increasing importance, being assistant secretary of the State Senate in 1868, solicitor-general of the Chattahoochee Circuit in 1872, a member of the constitutional convention in 1877, having in the meantime removed to Columbus, a member of the House of Representatives and chairman of the finance committee in 1882, and also a member of that body in 1884 and 1886, and from 1884 until 1888 speaker thereof. In 1891 he served by appointment for one year as attorney-general of the state, refusing to become a candidate for the office, and his long and distinguished career was crowned by seven years of eminent service upon the supreme bench of the state.
John Dozier Little was a small lad when his father removed to Columbus, and in that city the lad was reared. He was given careful and thorough edu cational training, attending the Slade School for Boys and being prepared by a private tutor for entrance into the University of Georgia, from which institution he was graduated in 1888 with the degree of Bachelor of Arts, Two years later the Bachelor of Laws degree was conferred upon him, and in October, 1890, he entered upon the practice of his profession in association with his father. Mr. Little came to Atlanta January 1, 1902, and at that time became partner in the law firm of King, Spalding & Little, a partner ship which was conceded to be one of the strongest combinations of legal talent in the state. On January 1, 1909, this firm was mutually dissolved, and Mr. Little was associated with the firm of Payne, Little & Jones for three years. For the past 4y2 years he has been the head of the firm of Little, Powell, Smith & Goldstein. This firm is engaged principally in corporation law, represent ing some of the leading interests of the country. As a lawyer Mr. Little has displayed the possession of talents of the highest character. He has a keen, alert and vigorous mind, masterful and careful of detail, broad and compre hensive in its grasp. His services once enlisted in behalf of a client, his great powers of mind, coupled with his vast knowledge of the law, and experience in its practice, and his strong personality, are applied to his client's cause with all the vigor and earnestness, diligence and devotion, in his power. He has always been a tireless worker and a close student, and aside from his legal studies is an omnivorous reader, preferably along biographical lines. A man of culture, refinement and broad information, he is an acknowledged leader in the social life of Atlanta, and holds membership in many clubs and and societies, the list including the Maryland Club, of Baltimore; the Uni versity Club, of New York; the Sigma Alpha Epsilon college fraternity; and the Capital City, the Piedmont Driving, the Mechanical and Manufacturers, the Transportation and the Athletic clubs, of Atlanta. He was one of the organizers and for several years president of the Brookhaven Country Club, and is active in the chamber of commerce. His religious affiliation is with the
Episcopal Church.
In political matters a democrat, Mr. Little has contributed in various ways to the public service, having for seven-years been one -of the representatives from Muscogee County in the General Assembly, and for four of these years, 18984901, speaker of the House.
Mr. Little was married to Mrs. Ilah Dunlap Jordan, of Macon, Georgia, a

1954

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

beautiful and accomplished lady and one of the acknowledged social leaders of Atlanta. She is a daughter of the late Capt. S. S. Dunlap, one of the pioneer merchants of Macon, with a record of more than a half century in business, and the founder of the largest hardware firm in that city.

WALTER B. HAMBY, M. D. It is seldom that one finds, in the stern compe

tition of today, one individual possessing the rare combination of talents which

make for an equal degree of success in widely diverging fields of endeavor.

The qualities and gifts which go to make up the successful practitioner of

medicine, the more brilliant they are, tend the more to make him a specialist;

the talents required to conduct large commercial and industrial enterprises

are usually unsuited for excellence in other directions; the courtesy and refine

ment which make one a leader in social life usually unfit him for the active

battles which business requires of its votaries. However, no matter how rare

may be the combination of these elements, it is possessed in the character of

Dr. Walter B. Hamby, one of the best known citizens of Atlanta, now retired

from a successful medical .practice, and at present one of the leading business

men of the city.

Doctor Hamby was born July 18,1866, in Gwinnett County, Georgia, a son

of Tandy K. and Mary A. (Moore) Hamby, the former a native of Walton

County, and the latter of Cobb County, Georgia. The family was founded in

this state by David C. Hamby, the grandfather of the doctor, who came here

from North Carolina, The Hamby family originated in Yorkshire, England,

some centuries ago, where the name appears as Hanby and where there is still

found a locality bearing the name. From Yorkshire members moved into

Lincolnshire, and the latter family, it would appear, increased and developed,

while the Yorkshire branch disappeared. That a number of the name came

to America during the colonial period is proven by the fact that, in 1790,

there were twenty-two families of Hambys in the country one in Maryland,

seven in North Carolina and fourteen in South Carolina, and the recurrence

of the names of the heads of the various branches, and particularly of those

of Samuel, William and Stephen, go to show that all were descended from the

same immigrants. For example, in Maryland is found Samuel at the head of

one family; in South Carolina, John, Samuel, William, Stephen, Nathaniel,

Francis and Isaac; in North Carolina, John, Samuel, William and Stephen.

The name appears in the eighth volume of the "Proceedings of the Harleian

Society," page 221, and in "The Genealogist," fourth volume, page 111;

sixth volume, page 160. In Metcalf's "Visitations of Suffolk" he refers to the

name Hanby and says "See Hamby," which proves the identity of the two

names. The family is of considerable antiquity, for Burke gives the Hamby

coat-of-arms, granted to the Lincolnshire family, under date of March 12,

1568, and describes it as: Azure, three close helmets, or. Crest: a hawk, volant

proper, beaked, legged, and inside of wings, or. The change of name from

Hanby to Hamby appears to have taken place in Lincolnshire and evidently

some of the Lincolnshire families adhered to the old form, for one old coat-of-

arms is extant, granted to the Hanbys of Lincolnshire.

Tandy K. Hamby, the father of Doctor Hamby, was born in Walton

County, Georgia, and throughout his life was engaged in agricultural pur

suits. At the outbreak of the war between the North and the South, he enlisted

as a private in the Seventh Georgia Regiment, and through valiant and faith

ful services won repeated promotion, being the possessor of the rank of cap

tain when hostilities were brought to a close. He then settled in Gwinnett

County, Georgia, but subsequently removed to Cobb County, where he passed

the last years of his life.

*

Walter B. Hamby was brought up on his father's farm in Cobb County

and his education was secured in the public schools. The last year of his

preparatory studies was passed in the private school of P. D. Wheeland, near

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1955

Marietta, Georgia, arid he then began his medical preparation in the Atlanta Medical College, from which he was graduated in March, 1888. At that time he opened an office and began practice at Marietta, but after one year removed to Mableton and continued to follow his profession for five years, and in March, 1,894, entered the service of the State of Georgia as a physician in the penitentiary department. This position he held for six years, when he was made warden and physician, a dual capacity in which he continued several years. In 1904, in association with Col. W. M. Toomer, formerly of Waycross, but now of Jacksonville, Florida, he formed the firm of Hamby & Toomer and became lessee of the state prisoners under the system then prevailing. In 1906 Doctor Hamby bought out Colonel Toomer's interest and continued as sole lessee until 1909, when the contract expired and the leasing system was abolished. During the fifteen years that Doctor Hamby was connected with the prison department he resided at a number of places in Georgia, and while residing at Thelma held, for two years, the position of postmaster. In 1906 he bought the interests and properties of the Calhoun Brick Company, of which he became president, but.after four years in that capacity disposed of his holdings therein. He has at this time various interests in important enter prises and his business success has been along large and impressive lines. While his professional life was one which yielded him a large measure of success and an excellent standing among physicians, the accumulation of great interests in real estate gradually forced him more and more from active practice, so that at the present time he is retired from his calling as a practi tioner, although he continues to keep fully abreast of its many interesting advances and discoveries by much reading, investigation and study. Aside from his medical literature, he finds his greatest pleasure in historical works. Politically, Doctor Hamby is a democrat, but his public activities have been rather as a good citizen than as an aspirant for public office. While engaged in active practice he was a valued member of the Georgia State Medical Society and the American Medical Association. He is a member of the Atlanta Athletic Club o-f Atlanta, is affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Order
of Elks, and is a thirty-second degree Mason, belonging to all the Masonic
bodies from the Blue Lodge to the Shrine. Doctor Hamby was married in 1891 to Miss Emma D. Barber, daughter
of J. N. and Eliza A. (Alexander) Barber, of Cobb County, and to this union there was born one son: Earl Newton, who died at the age of fourteen years,

CHARLES W. McCLURE. Energy, progressive policies and distinctive initia tive and executive ability have given to Mr. McClure substantial vantage ground as one of the representative business men of the City of Atlanta and the State of Georgia, where he is executive head of the McClure Ten Cent Company, which operates an admirable chain of 5 and 10 cent stores in which goods are sold up to the limit of $1 an article. It has been well said that "the great business that has grown up under this corporate title is due to the industry, sagacity and unflagging energy of Mr. McClure, who is in the very prime of his strong and resourceful manhood and whose career offers both lesson and inspiration to every ambitious young man starting out in life without financial reinforcement or other fortuitous aids.''
Charles Wylie McClure represents in his character and achievement the excellent traits of the fine Scotch-Irish stock of which he is a scion, though he is an American of Americans and claims no better heritage than this. He was born in Washington County, Illinois, on the 4th of July, 1866 a natal date that can not but fortify him in the loyalty and progressiveness of the true American spirit and he is a son of James and Sarah (McKinley) McClure, the former of whom was born at Chester, South Carolina, of staunch Scottish lineage, and the latter being a member of a family that immigrated from the north of Ireland to the Province of Ontario, Canada, in 1840, her

1956

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

parents removing thence to Illinois a few years later, and becoming pioneers of that great commonwealth of the Middle West. James McClure devoted virtually his entire active career to agricultural pursuits, and as a young man had removed from the South to Illinois, where he became a substantial agri culturist in Washington County, Ms rich prairie land having been purchased at a reasonable figure in the early days and good use having been made by him of the advantages afforded for progressive industry in the state of his adoption.
Charles W. McClure was reared to the sturdy discipline of the home farm, and waxed strong in mind and body in this ever benignant training school of industry. After availing himself of the advantages of the public schools he completed a course of study at the Coulterville Academy, in Randolph County, Illinois, and concerning the inception and advancement of his business career the following record has been given, the same being well worthy of perpetua tion in this connection: "His father's farm was remote from the great centers and the lad longed for the larger activities obtainable only in more populous communities. At the age of twenty years he struck out for himself and showed even then the self-reliance and resourcefulnes that have conserved his success in later years and in broader fields of endeavor. His initial venture was the selling of tinware and other household goods through the rural dis tricts of southern Illinois, and in eight months' experience he so prospered as to become convinced that his true vocation was that of a merchant. There after he was identified with various lines of enterprises for a number of years, his course ever being forward toward the goal of greater achievement, and in 1896, as a young man of thirty years, after characteristic circumspection and deliberation, Mr. McClure decided to establish a five and ten cent store in the city of Atlanta, Georgia, which at that time had'no establishment of this kind. He opened a small store on lower Whitehall street, where he applied himself incessantly to work and the maturing of policies for advancement, and where he laid securely and admirably the foundation for the great success which he has since achieved. In three years he was able to open business on a far more extensive scale at the present location of his main retail store, at the corner of Whitehall and Hunter streets, where the immense four-story building, full of attractive goods from basement to attic, is a very beehive of industry and activity.''
In the year 1900, to meet the ever increasing demands placed upon him by an appreciative patronage, Mr. McClure amplified his functions and facili ties by effecting the organization and incorporation of the McClure Ten Cent Company, and on the 15th of February, 1907, he opened a second retail establishment, on Mitchell Street, this having been destroyed by fire on the 7th of May of the following year. Undaunted by this adverse fortune, he moved steadily and courageously forward, and his business showed a con stantly cumulative tendency. The McClure Ten Cent Company now repre sents in its business activities the largest concern of the kind in the southern states, and its fine chain of stores are a monument to the great constructive and initiative ability of Mr. McClure. The company now operates stores in Atlanta, Macon, Griffin, Athens, Marietta, Rome and Newnan, Georgia; Chat tanooga, Tennessee; and Greenwood 'and Union, South Carolina. The stores are filled with virtually everything needed in household affairs, are a credit to the cities in which they are established, and every housekeeper within the McClure trade zones looks upon these establishments as bulwarks of domestic supply and economy. In addition to the extensive retail business controlled by the epmpany, Mr. McClure has amplified operations into the wholesale field. His original wholesale establishment was in the Commerce Hall Build ing and was opened in the autumn of 1909. In September of the following year removal was made to the present spacious quarters at the corner of Broad and Hunter streets, where the. building occupied has a frontage of 150 feet

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1957

on Broad Street and ninety feet on Hunter Street. As importers, jobbers and distributors the company here carries complete lines of dry goods, notions, glassware, hardware, tinware, enamelware, imported and domestic china, toys, dolls, crockery, etc., and here Mr. McClure maintains his private offices.
It would naturally seem that the control and supervision of so extensive and complex an enterprise as that of the McClure Ten Cent Company would preclude the chief executive from directing his attention along other avenues of activity, but, with strong mind and body and a restless energy that enables him to '' toil terribly,'' as was said of a distinguished English statesman, there seems to be no limitation of activity over which he will not leap. He was the organizer of the McClure Realty & Investment Company, which likewise has felt the power of his able guidance and which has acquired some of the most valuable real-estate holdings in Atlanta, with large incidental profit to the interested principals. Further than this, Mr. McClure finds time and oppor tunity for participation in general civic affairs, as a man of broad views and
utmost loyalty and public spirit, and he has been influential in political affairs in Georgia, especially as an ardent representative and exponent of the cause of the progressive party. As a member of this party he was a delegate to its first national convention, held in the City of Chicago in August, 1912, and he was elected the first representative of Georgia on the national committee of the new party. In the campaign of 1912 he ardently supported the party and its candidate for the presidency, Col. Theodore Roosevelt, and in the Georgia campaign of 1914 he had the distinction of making, with Hon. George R. Hutchens, of Rome, the first race of the progressive party or of any other party except the democratic for the United States Senate. In this election the progressive party carried more than thirty counties and received about 30,000 of the popular vote a significant showing under the conservative policies that have long obtained in Georgia politics. In local affairs, where no issues of national importance are involved, Mr. McClure maintains an inde pendent political attitude and gives his support to men and measures meeting the approval of his judgment.
Apropos of the signally successful and interesting business career of Mr. McClure the following' quotations are consistently made: "Mr. McClure ?s working code is one of simple order. He says: 'Preserve your physical vigor; learn to do some useful thing well; do your work thoroughly and enthusias tically ; aim high, work hard and never be discouraged; have a clear conscience, honor in all things, and charity toward all men.'
'' The position to which Mr. McClure has attained in the commercial world is best illustrated by the fact that when the five and ten cent merchants of the United States organized an association, in the city of Cincinnati, in Septem ber, 1910, he had the honor of being elected its first president, and that he was re-elected at the second annual meeting, at Niagara Falls, and again at the national meeting of the following year, at Indianapolis, so that he served three consecutive terms. The man who, within less than twenty years, has built up from a small beginning a business of such great proportions as to make him the representative man of one of the great commercial interests of the country, has in him such qualities of leadership as to make altogether inept mere words of commendation.
"Mr. McClure is a public-spirited man, keenly interested in everything tending to advance welfare of his home city and state, and though he is not a politician in the ordinary acceptation of the term, he is a politician in the broader sense that he is interested in good government and gives his influence and co-operation in the furtherance of the same. He is a strong advocate for diversification of agricultural production in the South and believes that the various states as well as the nation should give large consideration and sup port to industrial education."
On the 15th of May, 1900, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. McClure to

1958

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

Miss Cora B. Rutherford, of Baldwin, Illinois, and of the three children of this union two are living, Helen and Sterling.

DAVID JACKSON BAILEY was born in Lexington, Oglethorpe County, March 4, 1812, and died in his home in Griffin, Georgia, on June 14, 1897. He was of Virginia stock his parents having moved from near Petersburg, Virginia, and settled on a plantation near Lexington, Georgia, just prior to his birth. There he was reared, receiving the greater part of his education from a private tutor, who was himself a most accomplished man and of rare ability as an instructor. When he was fifteen years old, his father moved to Florida, where they lived for two years, and then upon the death of his mother returned to Georgia and settled first in Talbot County, removing thence to Jackson, Butts County, where the larger part of Mr. Bailey's life was spent.
He selected law as a profession, applying for admission to the bar when he was only nineteen years old, and by special act of the Legislature was admitted at the same time with Robert Toombs and Daniel Campbell two other young Georgians under twenty-one, who afterwards became eminent.
On the outbreak of the Seminole war he was made captain of a company and served through the war, occupying the same position in the war with the Creeks. Again he was elected representative from Butts County, and this time served, but declined to serve a second time. He declined a fourth election as representative, and Avas then elected secretary of the Senate, Judge James Jackson (a former justice of the Supreme Court) serving under him as assistant secretary. After holding this office a period he was elected a state senator from his district, and at the beginning of his term was elected presi dent of the Senate, being then but thirty years old. Again the people de manded his service, and in 1851 he was elected to the Federal Congress as a states' rights democrat. At the end of his term he was re-elected, and then returned again to his practice. At the end of his first term he was tendered the democratic nomination for governor; but as there was danger that a whig might be elected from his congressional district over anyone but himself, he declined the nomination, and Herschel V. Johnson, his former law partner, was nominated and elected.
For the ensuing years up to 1861 Colonel Bailey practiced his profession quietly. When what is now known as the Secession Convention was called to meet in Milledgeville, he was a member.
A Southerner in every fibre, he cast his lot with his native state with enthusiasm, and raised a regiment for the Confederate service known as the Thirtieth Georgia, with which he served as colonel, and discharged his military duties with the same fidelity and the same distinction that had characterized him in political life. In the fall of 1861, he moved his family from Butts County to Griffin, and established them in the delightful old home built upon ante-bellum lines, which, standing in a little park of sixty acres, was an ornament to the town.
CAPT. LAVENDER R. RAY. A citizen of Georgia all his life, an honored member of the Atlanta bar and a gallant Confederate soldier and officer dur ing the Civil war, it was hard, indeed, to find a better type of Georgian than the man whose name heads this brief sketch.
Capt. Lavender R. Ray was born at Newman, Georgia, December 15, 1842, being the younger of two sons of the late Judge John Ray and his wife, whose maiden name was Bethenia Gilliam Lavender. Judge John Ray, the father, was also a lawyer by profession and, not only that, but was a man of very high legal ability and had an extensive law practice at Newnan, Georgia, for a period of fifty years, or from 1828 to 1868. He was of Scotch-Irish descent, born in County Donegal, Ireland, in 1794. He came to America at the age of 18, or in 1812. He had received a splendid education back in his

W^^^^ai^^^X!^^ ':' "*..

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1959

native country and in addition to that he was a very fine penman. He studied law in Staunton, Virginia, under William Wirt and was admitted to the bar in the State of Virginia. He came to Georgia in 1826 and first located in Wilkes County, where he taught school one year while awaiting admission to the Georgia bar. One of his pupils at that time was Robert Toombs, who later became Georgia's renowned statesman. In 1828 he located in Newnan, Georgia, where he practiced law until his death, which occurred in 1868. He was the leading democrat in that section of the state, and was the recipient of many high political honors. He served as presidential elector in the year 1861 for the State of Georgia, casting the vote of his state for Jef ferson Davis and Alexander H. Stephens, for president and vice-president, respectively, of the Confederate States of America. He served as president of the board of trustees of the Newnan Seminary from the time it was organ ized until his death, and was a liberal contributor to the financial support of that institution.
The parents of Judge Ray, back in County Donegal, Ireland, were David Ray and his wife, whose maiden name was Lucy Atchison. They lived at. Balla Davit in County Donegal. During the long period of his residence at Newnan, besides being a prominent member of the bar at that place, Judge Ray had extensive plantation interests in that vicinity and was a large grower of cotton. He was married December 25,1833, to Bethenia Gilliam Lavender, a descendant of Capt. John Knowles of Jamestown, Virginia, who came from England to the Virginia Colony in 1663, and located at Jamestown. Capt. John Enowles had a daughter named Bethenia who married William Giles, the ancestor of Gov. William B. Giles, of Virginia. Governor Giles and wife had a daughter named Mary who married Thomas Hardin and they in turn had a daughter named Susannah who married Capt. Charles Ellis an officer of the King's Militia of Albermarle County, Virginia. Captain Ellis and wife had a daughter named Edith, who married Devereux Gilliam, the latter being a nephew of the Rev. Devereux Jarrett, a distinguished Episcopal minister, of Virginia who was called "The Rising Star" of the Episcopal Church in that state, for the reason that the church was chiefly re-established by him after the close of the Revolutionary war.
Devereux Gilliam and his wife moved to Tennessee in 1787 and settled at the Junction of the Holstein and French Broad Rivers above Knoxville, where later a fort, known as Fort Gilliam, was erected to fight the Cherokee Indians. (See Ramsey's History of Tennessee.) Devereux Gilliam and wife had a daughter named Mary, who married John Lavender, a native of Winchester, Virginia, and son of George Michael Laubinger, a Pennsylvanian of German descent, who served in the Revolutionary war, and who was enrolled in that war under the name of Lavender. It will be seen therefore that the name Lavender was originally spelled Laubinger. George Michael Laubinger, pre vious to the Revolutionary war, had been a soldier under General Forbes in the French and Indian war, and had contributed greatly to that officer's military achievements in'that war. (See Henning's Statutes of Virginia.)
Mrs. Bethenia Lavender Ray, mother of Captain Ray, was a sister of George Michael Lavender, who became a pioneer resident of Floyd County, Georgia, and for whom Lavender Mountain was named. Mrs Ray died in 1867. Captain Ray was the fifth of six children born to Judge John Ray and wife, four daughters and two sons. Only one of these children is living. That is a daughter, namely, Mrs, Emmett Ray Lowe, of Atlanta.
Capt. Lavender R. Ray was reared at Newnan, Georgia. When the Civil war broke out he was a student at the University of North Carolina, at Chapel Hill. He at once put aside his books and, upon returning home joined Com pany A, First Georgia Infantry, as a private. He was then but eighteen years of age. He served throughout the full four years of the war and at its close was a lieutenant and ordnance officer of the division of cavalry commanded

1960

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

by Maj.-Gen. P. M. B. Young. He was with Stonewall Jackson on his cam paign to Bath and Romney, in Virginia, in January, 1862. He was with Gen. N. B. Forrest at the capture of Murfreesboro in August, 1862. At this time he was in the cavalry service, and during the progress of the fight he had his horse killed under him by a cannon ball. He took part in the battle of Stone River in December, 1862. At Huntsville, Alabama, in July, 1862, he entered the enemy's lines under a flag of truce and remained there during the following night. The federal commander in charge of the enemy, whose guest he was for the time, was General Mitchell, well known as a map-maker. At this time a son of General Mitchell was being held a prisoner by the Con federates, and the object of the mission under a flag of truce was to arrange for an exchange of the general's son for a number of Confederate soldiers which were held by him. The exchange was duly consummated. From July,. 1863, to July, 1864, Captain Ray was on duty at the Confederate arsenal in Atlanta, being in charge of the ammunition storehouse and powder magazine. In November, 1864, he witnessed, from Jonesboro, Georgia, the burning of Atlanta. He was then at the headquarters of Gen. Alfred Iverson at Jones boro, being at the time ordnance officer of General Iverson's division of cavalry. He, along with General Iverson's command, followed General Sherman's army on its "March to the Sea," and later pursued it on through the State of South Carolina. Still later he accompanied Gen. P. M. B. Young, who had succeeded General Iverson, on General Young's campaign against the Federal general, Potter, at Camden, South Carolina and was under General Young on April 19, 1865, when he fought the last battle of the Civil war east of the Mississippi River, the same taking place at Boykin's Mill; 1 Sumter County, South Carolina, the very same day on which the general armistice was signed between Generals Joseph E. Johnston and William T. Sherman.
At the close of the war Captain Ray returned to Newnan, where he studied law, and in March, 1866, he was admitted to the bar. On June 20, 1871, he married Miss Annie Felder, daughter of Capt. Calvin W. Felder and his wife, whose maiden name was Mary Ann Jackson. The Felders lived at Americus, Georgia. From 1876 until 1880 Captain Ray was captain of the Newnan Guards of the Georgia state troops. In 1880 he was elected one of the presidential electors for the State of Georgia, and he cast his vote for the democratic ticket of that year, to-wit, Winfield Scott Hancock and William H. English. In 1882-83 he served in the lower branch of the State Legisla ture from Coweta County. He was the author of the bill which established the office of county administrator for the State of Georgia. In 1884-85 he served in the State Senate from the Thirty-sixth Senatorial District. Upon leaving Newnan, his home town, he gave the city a park, which is situated near the business section of the town and is known as Ray Park. In 1891 he removed to Atlanta, where he afterward practiced his profession, and of which city he was an honored and esteemed citizen. In 1911 the University of North Carolina, which he had left to enter the Civil war, in 1861, gave him an honorary diploma, in recognition of his gallant services during the Civil war and of his distinguished services since that war. During his residence at Newnan, Captain Ray served as superintendent of the Presbyterian Sun day School and as master of the Masonic lodge at that place. In 1895 he served as grand regent of the Royal Arcanum order of the State of Georgia. He was a Royal Arch Mason and a member of the Atlanta Bar Association.
Captain Ray and wife have an only daughter, namejy, Miss Ruby Felder Ray, an accomplished and gifted young lady, who is now state editor of the Daughters of the American Revolution, of which she is a prominent member. The widow of Captain Ray is a lineal descendant of Capt, Henry Felder, of Orangeburg, South Carolina, and is also a lineal descendant of Col. John Williams, both of whom were officers in the Revolutionary war, the former serving from South Carolina, and the latter from North Carolina.

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1961

At the time of his death, Captain Ray held the position of first lieutenantcommander of Wheeler's Corps of Cavalry Veterans, of Atlanta, and he was also lieutenant-colonel of the Georgia Division United Confederate Veterans, Lavender R. Ray died of apoplexy in Atlanta on May 27, 1916. This illness followed the fatiguing trip to the Confederate Veterans' Reunion in Birmingham, Ala., which he attended as delegate from "Wheeler's Corps of Cavalry Veterans of Atlanta The funeral took place at his home, 84 W. 14th Street, Dr. S. L. Norris conducting it. The burial took place in the family burial grounds in Oak Hill Cemetery at Newnan, Georgia, and was attended by the mayor and city council of Newnan in a body and practically all of the older people of the town.
r
MORRIS BRANDON. For a period of virtually thirty years Hon. Morris Brandon has been engaged in the practice of his profession in the City of Atlanta, where he has been concerned in much of the important law business in the various courts and where he has secure vantage-place as one of the essentially representative members of the bar of Fulton County and as a citizen of unqualified civic loyalty and progressiveness. Mr. Brandon is a scion of a family founded in North Carolina in the colonial era of our national history. The Brandon name has been prominent in Great Britain from the time of King Richard II, frequent reference to the family being given in standard publications of chronology in England, Ireland and Scotland, and this ancient Irish-English family being one of untarnished fame and several generations having found influential representation in the English counties of Norfolk and Suffolk.
He whose name initiates this review was born on the fine old homestead plantation of his father, near Dover, Stewart County, Tennessee, and is a son of Col. Nathan Brandon and Minerva E. (Morris) Brandon,1 both likewise natives of that county, their respective parents having removed to Tennessee from North Carolina. Colonel Brandon was born at Tobaccoport, Stewart County, Tennessee, on the 18th of January, 1820, and his wife was born at Bumpus Mills, that county, on the 10th of February, 1828.
Colonel Brandon was long numbered among the prominent lawyers and influential citizens of Stewart County and served with distinction in both the House of Representatives and the Senate 'of the Tennessee Legislature. It was also his to accord gallant service in defense of the cause of the Confederacy during the Civil war. He was about forty years of age at the inception of the great conflict between the states of the South and the North and promptly enlisted in Company E of the Fourteenth Tennessee, Regiment, in which he was made captain of his company at the time of the organization of the same. When the regimental organization was completed he was advanced to the office of major, and later his gallantry and efficient service gained to him promotion to the position of lieutenant-colonel. He took part in the spirited campaign in West Virginia in 1861, participated in a number of its leading engagements, and also in the Battle of Fort Donelson, Tennessee, on the second day of which memorable conflict, February 15, 1862, he was so seriously wounded as to be incapacitated for further service in the field. Both he and his wife continued their residence in Tennessee Until their death and Colonel Brandon ever stood exponent of lofty ideals and utmost loyalty to his native state, besides serving in the Legislature, of which commonwealth he was also a member of its con stitutional convention held within a short time after the close of the Civil war.
The boyhood days of Morris Brandon were compassed by the conditions and influences that followed the Civil war and in addition to receiving due preliminary educational advantages in his native county he attended also private schools at Elkton, Kentucky. In pursuance of his higher academic training he entered Vanderbilt University, at Nashville, Tennessee, in which institution he took a special course, not applying for a degree. In preparing

1962

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

himself for the profession that had been signally honored by the character and services of his father, he was matriculated in the law school of historic Yale University, in which he was graduated as a member of the class of 1884 and from which he received the degree of Bachelor of Laws. His professional novitiate was served in the Village of Dover, in his native county, and after there winning his spurs he soon sought a broader field of endeavor, with the result that in January, 1886, he came to Georgia and opened a law office in the City of Atlanta, where he has since continued in the successful practice of his profession and where he has gained recognition as one of the versatile and resourceful members of the bar of the Georgia capital and metropolis. He is at the present time a member of the law firm of Brandon & liynds, with offices in the Empire Building, and this is known as one of the strongest and most important legal alliances in the state, its other principal being John A. Hynds, Esq., who is known as one of the leading lawyers of the Atlanta bar.
In politics Mr. Brandon accords unfaltering allegiance to the democratic party and is an effective advocate of its principles and policies. In 1898 he was elected representative of Fulton County in the State Legislature, in which he made an excellent record in the furtherance of .constructive legislation and in the safeguarding of the best interests of the state at large. Mr. Brandon has manifested a specially lively interest in all that concerns the welfare and progress of his home city, is actively identified with the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce, has served as a,member of the municipal board of police commis sioners and is a director in a number of important industrial and business corporations that lend to the commercial prestige of Atlanta. In the timehonored Masonic fraternity he has completed the circle of the York Rite and received also the thirty-second degree of the Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite, besides being affiliated with the adjunct organization, the Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, and with the local organizations of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias, the Improved Order of Red Men and other representative organizations in Atlanta, includ ing the Capital City Club, the Piedmont Driving Club, the Atlanta Athletic Club and the University Club. He is a valued member of the Georgia Bar Association, the American Bar Association and the Atlanta Bar Association, and is affiliated with the Phi Delta Theta college fraternity.
On the 1st of June, 1892, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Brandon to Miss Harriet Frances Inman, daughter of AValker P. and Harriet Cordelia (Dick) Inman, of Atlanta, where Mr. Inman was an honored and influential citizen for many years prior to his death. Mr. and Mrs. Brandon have three children Morris, Jr., Walker P. Inman, and Nathan Christopher.

MILTON DARGAN. Among the substantial citizens and trustworthy busi ness men of Atlanta is Milton Dargan, whose name carries weight in fire insur ance circles throughout the entire South, and as manager of the southern department of the Royal Insurance Company of Liverpool, England, he fills a very responsible position. Mr. Dargan comes of sturdy stock, originating in Ireland and Scotland and his interesting ancestry is clearly traced.
As early as 1655 Timothy Dargan emigrated from Ireland to South Caro
lina, accompanied by his wife, Catherine, and probably by his brother, John Dargan. The Dargans soon became men of affairs and responsibility, as indi cated by their names, being connected with church matters especially. In a later generation Edward S. Dargan, of this family, moved to Alabama and in 1844 was elected mayor of Mobile. He was also a representative to the Twenty-ninth Congress and in 1849 was chief justice of the state. In 1861 he was a delegate to the secession convention and was a member of the first Confederate Congress. Of the South Carolina Dargans, Hon. George W. Dargan was four times elected a member of the National Congress. Rev. Edwin Charles Dargan, who is pastor of a Baptist Church at Macon, is a noted

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1963

preacher, lecturer and author. There have been men of mark bearing this honorable name in other sections of the South.
Milton Dargan was born at Sumter, South Carolina, February 22, 1862, and is a son of John W. and Jane Elizabeth (MeCoy) Dargan, the former of whom was a banker at Sumter and before the war between the states, a large planter. Although the public schools had not reached their present state of efficiency in his native neighborhood, when he was a boy, Mr. Dargan had excellent advantages in private schools and subsequently attended Furman University at Greenville. He secured an appointment through merit and scholarship, to the United States Naval Academy and continued under instruc tion there for three years, deciding then against a maritime life in favor of a business career.
There is no doubt but that Mr. Dargan can recall, through the haze of the past, the incidents of his first day as a clerk in a fire insurance office, a notable day for him, as it marked his beginning in a business which has claimed his entire attention ever since. He entered the employ of the firm of Dargan & Trezevant, at Dallas, Texas, in January, 1884, remaining for three years in the office and then traveling for the firm as special agent over Texas. After being elected secretary of the Texas Fire Underwriters' Association, he served continuously until 1889, when it disbanded, and then entered the service of the Queen Insurance Company of Liverpool, England, and remained with that company until January, 1894. At that time Mr. Dargan was made southern manager for the Lancashire Insurance Company of Manchester, England, with headquarters at Atlanta, and in 1900 was made manager of that company in the United States, this promotion necessitating his removal to the City of New York. In 1902 the Lancashire Insurance Company was merged with the Royal Insurance Company of Liverpool, and Mr. Dargan was offered the position of southern manager of the Royal, not the least of the reasons for his accepting being that it made certain his return to Atlanta. Under his management this company has developed and prospered and it is doubtful if there is another fire insurance company in any part of the South that is so well and favorably known. For this line of business Mr. Dargan seems to have had natural capacity; that certainty and accuracy, that plausible manner of speech which leads to doing the right thing at the right time; an engaging personality and an organizing and executive ability far beyond that of the ordinary business man.
On December 7, 1887, Mr. Dargan was united in marriage with Miss Effie Pauline Rauch, a daughter of Jacob and Emma Rauch, of Dallas, Texas, and they have two children: Milton, who was married November 20, 1913, to Miss Annie Lee McKenzie; and Helen R., who was married November 20, 1914, to J. Dozier Lowndes, of Atlanta, Mr. Dargan and his family belong^ to All Saints' Episcopal Church, of which he has long been a vestryman.
In his political sentiments, Mr. Dargan is a democrat. In insurance circles he has been signally honored at times, for two years serving as president of the Southeastern Underwriters' Association; served also as president of the Southern Adjustment Company; is chairman of the board of directors of the Cotton Insurance Association and a director of the Royal Indemnity Com pany of New York. He is also on the directing board of the Third National Bank of Atlanta. Mr. Dargan has wisely given reasonable recreation a place in his life, believing that existence may be made more desirable and more use ful when a little play occasionally takes the place of stern duty; hence he has identified himself with a number of the rather exclusive social organizations at Atlanta and in several has filled official positions. He is a member of the Piedmont Driving Club, of which he was president for two years; for the past six years he has been vice president of the United States Golf Association, and belongs also to the Capital City, the Athletic and the Druid Hills Golf clubs.

1964

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

JOHN ASHLEY JONES. It is a trite remark to make that life, under the most favorable circumstances, is uncertain, hence it would seem that every man or woman who assumes, in the different enterprises into which he or she enters, responsibilities that the death of the individual would also destroy, might, unreprehensibly, pass out of existence unsung and unremenibered by kindred or community. How few, however, in the vast aggregation that means humanity, pass through life without responsibilities, natural or assumed, and to each one of these is attached a penalty a provision for the helpless, for the very young, for the old, for the weak brother and afflicted sister, away outside, perhaps of personal relationships. Each year the field of insurance grows broader as realization becomes clearer as to the accidents and the uncer tainties which attend the paths of all. Great capital is invested in corporations which securely and beneficently carry out vast schemes and methods by which the living can assure themselves of certain provision being made for those left behind when the final summons comes. The great City of New York, with its thousands of avenues of opportunity and its men of stupendous fortunes, has long been the home of some of the stable organizations of this character and of these, perhaps, there are none in which confidence is so securely placed as the New York Life Insurance Company, the resident agent and chosen representative of which, at Atlanta, is John Ashley Jones.
John Ashley Jones was born at Walthourville, Liberty County, Georgia, August 27, 1871. His father, Maj. Dunwody Jones, was born May 1, 1842, in Mclntosh County, Georgia, and his mother, Mary Cornelia (Ashley) Jones, was born at Walthourville, October 30, 1848. For over 150 years Mr. Jones' people have been residents of Georgia and in the military annals of the state the name may many times be found in connection with valorous deeds. It was Maj. John Jones, the great-great-grandfather, who led the forlorn hope charge on the Springhill battery in the Revolutionary war, when the Ameri cans besieged the British in Savannah, and where Major Jones lost his life. In the War of 1812 Capt. Joseph Jones, the great-grandfather, commanded the old Liberty Independent troops in Florida, Rev. John Jones; D. D., the grandfather, was a chaplain in the Confederate army and then served for a quarter of a century as chaplain of the Georgia Senate. In the war between the states, the father, Maj. Dunwody Jones, was an officer of General AYinder's staff.
John Ashley Jones attended the Atlanta public schools and in 1888 was graduated from the Boys' High School. For several years afterward he was a, bank clerk prior to selecting the insurance field, but in 1895 he identified himself with the New York Life Insurance Company, which connection has been mutually pleasant and profitable. As resident agent he maintains his office in the Empire Building.
Mr. Jones married Miss Maude Allgood, who was a daughter of A. P. Allgood, a pioneer cotton manufacturer of Trion, Georgia, and a well known busi ness man of the state. She died January 15,1914, leaving one daughter, Mary Allgood Jones, a young lady of many personal attractions, a favorite in social circles, and one of the best known horsewomen of the country. Although Mr. Jones takes an intelligent, well informed interest in public matters and gives hearty support to the democratic party, his ambition has never led to the acceptance of political office. For many years he has been identified with the Masonic fraternity and is a Knight Templar and a Shriner, as well as a mem ber of the leading social clubs of the city. He is numbered justly with the stable, public spirited and representative men of Atlanta.

DR. RICHARD BANKS was a native Georgian, born in Elbert County in 1784. After obtaining the rudiments of education, he entered the State Uni versity, taking a classical course, graduating in the same class with the famous Chief Justice Joseph Henry Lumpkin. Later he decided to study medicine

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1965

and entered the University of Pennsylvania, where, after a two years' course he was graduated with the degree of M. I)., in 1820. He then spent one year in the hospital work, and returning1 to Georgia established himself in prac tice in the Village of Ruckersville in his native county.
In 1832 Doctor Banks moved to Gainesville, Hall County, where he resided until his death in 1850. This town was within a few miles of the Cherokee Indians at the time of his removal there, and the Federal Government em ployed Doctor Banks to visit the Indians and see if he could alleviate the ravages of smallpox. He performed this duty, vaccinated many of them, and treated many, and greatly amazed the Indians by restoring to sight a number of them who had been blind for years. It is pleasant to know that his prac tice brought him in such an income that he acquired a competency and was enabled to rear his family in easy circumstances. In honor of his memory, the General Assembly of Georgia in 1858 organized the County of Banks.

FRANCIS STEBBINS BARTOW. Though Brig.-Gen. Francis S. Bartow fell in the first great battle of the gigantic war between the states, he did not fall as an unknown or an untried man; for Georgia did not contribute to the Confederate cause a more brilliant or more capable man than this patriot soldier who had already won an enduring fame in civil life. Francis S. Bartow was born in Savannah on September 6, 1816. After obtaining an acade mic education, he studied law under Judge John MePherson Berrien, one of the eminent men of Georgia, and married a daughter of Judge Berrien. He entered upon the practice of his profession in his native state and won imme diate recognition. In 1857 Francis S. Bartow was a candidate for Congress on the know-nothing ticket from the First District. The democrats won the state by a narrow majority in a majority of the congressional districts, Bartow being one of the defeated candidates. In 1856 he.had been made captain of a volunteer company in the City of Savannah, composed of the best young' men in the city, 150 strong, and known as the "Oglethorpes." He took a prominent part in the deliberations of the Secession Convention, said to have been the ablest body of men ever brought together in Georgia. Upon the secession of Georgia and its adherence to the Confederacy, he was promptly elected a member of the First Confederate Congress from the Savannah Dis trict and was made chairman of the Committee on Military Affairs, and he it was that was responsible for the Confederate gray uniforms. As captain of the Oglethorpes, he was one of the detachment which seized Fort McAllister. Just before the outbreak of hostilities, and when war appeared inevitable, the Oglethorpes being advised by their captain from Montgomery, where he was in attendance upon the Congress, responded by a telegram to President Davis, offering their service for the war. This is said to have been the first company which made a tender of services for the entire war. The company departed for Virginia on May 21, 1861, having been attached to the Eighth Georgia Regiment, of which Bartow had been elected colonel. The Oglethorpes were escorted to the train by; all the military organizations of the city and by an immense throng of citizens, amid the salutes of artillery. The fact that their colonel was such a prominent member of the Confederate Congress and such an eminent Georgian, gave special eclat to him and his company. They car ried off with them certain arms belonging to the state, and this fact led to some sharp correspondence between Governor Brown and Colonel Bartow. But his brilliant career was hurrying to a close. On that eventful and bloody Sunday, July 21, 1861, one of the fiercest conflicts of modern times had been raging for hours. It was yet undecided. The Seventh Georgia was com manded by Col. Lucius J. Gartrell, an ex-member of Congress, whose son, Henry Clay Gartrell, was killed in that battle. General Bartow commanded a brigade consisting of the Seventh, Eighth, Ninth and Eleventh Georgia and First Kentucky regiments, this brigade bearing the very brunt of the fighting,

1966 .

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

and in the charge which was led by Bee of South Carolina and Bartow of Georgia, and which finally swept the Federals from the Henry House plateau and won the victory, Bartow fell, and as Colonel Gartrell caught him in his arms, he uttered his historic exclamation: "They have killed me, boys, but never give up the field.'' After the battle of Manassas the body of Bartow and others of his comrades were brought home and lay in state in the City of Savannah. General Bartow's mother then an old woman a sweet, lovely and gentle patriot as she laid her hand upon his bier, said: "My son, I gave you to your country, and now I give you back to your God."
The Oglethorpe Light Infantry have erected a shaft in his honor upon the battlefield of Manassas, and the State of Georgia changed the name of Cass County to Bartow in honorable remembrance of her noble and immortal son.

EUGENE C. CALLAWAY. The spirit of twentieth century enterprise which has stimulated and produced in such an important degree the development of Atlanta as one of the greatest industrial centers of the South has no better representative than Eugene C. Callaway, whose name represents executive position in several of Atlanta's leading commercial institutions and an active part in the city's wholesome upbuilding and enterprise. Mr. Callaway belongs to the generation which has grown up since the war, is a man of remarkable personality, energy and capacity for business, and while absorbed in the management and direction of his private affairs, has at the same time identi fied himself intimately with the larger life and activities of Atlanta.
He was born at Cuthbert, Georgia, October 26, 1864, and represents a prominent old Georgia family. The Callaway family has long been identified with the City of LaGrange, where Mr. Callaway's father, Thomas Merrill Callaway, was born. The mother was Mary Warthen Long of Cuthbert, a daughter of Col. William Long, who died in the Confederate service. Mr. Callaway received his education entirely through private instruction. Both his father and mother were cultured and educated people, and gave personal supervision to his studies, while for several years he received private instruc tion in Latin, Greek and higher mathematics from President Cox of the South ern Female College. He was prepared for college but gave up the idea of a college career in order to enter practical life as a business man.
One of his earlier accomplishments was the organization of the hat firm of Stovall-Callaway Company, later the Callaway-Truitt Company. With the training and experience of earlier years, his interests have been continually broadening, and while always more or less actively identified with manufac turing is now at the head of several financial and other concerns of recognized validity in the city and state. In 1909 he organized the Gate City Realty Company, of which he is president, in 1910 with other associates organized the Imperial Construction Company, which erected the eight-story fireproof Imperial Hotel, and is still president of the hotel company. In 1910 he also organized the Fulton County Home Builders, of which he is president. Mr. Callaway is president of the Metropolitan Trust Company, one of the city's most substantial financial institutions, and of which he was the chief organizer; is president of the Gate City Coffin Company, one of the city's oldest and most successful manufacturing enterprises; and has given the benefit of his expe rience and judgment as director of several of Atlanta's financial institutions. He was a director of the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce in 1908-09; is a director of the Atlanta Freight Bureau and the Young Men's Christian Association. A highly successful business man himself, it has been his ambition and a guiding motive of his work for a number of years to place Atlanta in the front rank of southern cities.
While not a politician, and never an office holder, Mr. Callaway has been an ardent progressive democrat. In October,. 1903, he married Miss Elizabeth Johnson. His office is in the Candler Building and his home at 66 East
Fourteenth Street.

f $
| | | | .| f I

.1

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1967

FRANK MARTIN INMAN. In the merchandising of staples many a man has found the path to prosperity and the successful handling of cotton has, for years, been a business that has engaged the attention of the keenest and most far-sighted captains of industry throughout the South. From its planting to its flowering and to the final gathering of the snow-white bursting bolls, this southern product holds, as it were, the actual subsistence of thousands of people, ranging from the owner of the sunny cotton fields, through the army of dusky cultivators and gatherers, and afterward through its "gin ning" to the. warehouse to be baled, often, before started on its land or water journey, having come into possession of the merchants and brokers, whose interests exceed all others, for the cotton market is one of vast importance. With great cotton harvests the South has never had to envy, other sections their fisheries, their mines or their grain fields. Seldom, indeed, has any exigency arisen, when cotton in Georgia has not been as great a king as corn in Illinois. One of the able business men of Atlanta, who has been largely interested in cotton for many years, is.Frank Martin Inman, who has large interests of many kinds in the State of Georgia.
Frank Martin Inman was born at Atlanta, Georgia, May 5, 1876, and is a son of Samuel M. and Jennie (Dick) Inman. They were natives of Dandridge, Tennessee, and from there came to Atlanta following the closing of the war between the states. From his first location at Atlanta until his death, Samuel M. Inman'was one of the stable, substantial arid honored men of this city. His son, inheriting many of the father's, characteristics and showing a citizen ship equally valuable, has been made his father's successor in large business corporations as well-as has succeeded him in positions of public confidence.
Frank Martin Inman secured his early education in the Boys' School, at Atlanta, afterward entering the University of Virginia, becoming a member of the class of 1895. His first entrance into business was in the cotton trade and his business capacity was thoroughly tested and as time went on he became the head of the Atlanta firm of Inman, Akers and Inman, one of the' largest cotton mercantile firms and exporters in the South. Progressive and enterprising, Mr. Inman investigated other lines and showed excellent judg ment and business acumen in making further investments, becoming treasurer of the Aldora Mills, of Barnesville, Georgia, and of the Blount Carriage and Buggy Company of Atlanta, Since his father's death he has been a director of the Lawry National Bank, and succeeded him .also as a trustee of Agnes Scott College and as a member of the executive committee of Oglethorpe University. He maintains his office in the Atlanta National Bank Building.
Mr. Inman was married in December, 1899, to Miss Mary Louise Reese, whose people were residents of Sparta, Georgia, and they have four children: Louise, Samuel M., Frank M. and Reese. The family home is at No. 1060
Peachtree Street, Atlanta. Mr. Inman was reared in the political beliefs of the democratic party
and has always given it hearty support but has never consented to be a candidate for a political office. With other representative men of Georgia, he sees a great future for Atlanta and it is largely through the enterprise and stability of such as he that it will be brought about. He is a member and an official of the North Avenue Presbyterian Church. Social life, in some phases, is agreeable to him and he values his membership in such organiza tions as the Capital City, the Piedmont Driving and the Brookhaven clubs.

DR. DAVID C. BARROW. Standing pre-eminent among the educators of the state, David C. Barrow, chancellor of the University of Georgia, is also widely known in literary circles throughout the country. He entered upon his career as a practitioner of law, but after several years realized that his real vocation was to be found in the school room, and during thirty-seven years he has labored as an instructor, the last nine having been passed in
Vol. IVi-9

1968

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

the distinguished and responsible position of which he is now the incumbent. Doctor Barrow was born in Oglethorpe County, Georgia, October 18,1852,
and is a son of David C. and Sarah E. (Pope) Barrow. His father, born in Baldwin County, Georgia, in 1815, served as a young man in the Seminole Indian war, following which he became a planter and continued to be so occupied during the remaining years of his life. He died in 1898, at the age of eighty-three years. Mr. Barrow was married in Oglethorpe County, Georgia, to Sarah E. Pope, also a native of this state, who passed away when thirty-three or thirty-four years of age. Of their nine children, David C. was the eighth in order of birth.
David C. Barrow was eight years old when taken by his parents to Athens, Georgia, and here his early education was obtained in the public schools. He made rapid progress in his studies, and when only seventeen years of age entered the University of Georgia, and graduated from that institution in 1874. During this time he had been absent from the university two years. After his graduation, he was connected with the State Geological Survey for two years, and then took up the practice of law, but two years experience in that profession persuaded him his life work was to be in another direction and in the fall of 1878 he began educational labors in the University of Georgia, teaching mathematics and engineering. From 1883 until 1889 he was professor of civil engineering and from 1889 until 1906, professor of mathematics. In 1906 his distinguished abilities, high character and excellent executive capacity were recognized by his election to the position of chancellor of the University of Georgia, a position which he has since retained. During his administration the institution has grown and prospered, and has become one of the leading universities of the United States, with a constantly increasing membership. Chancellor Barrow is a democrat in his political views, and is a man of broad information upon questions of national importance. He holds membership in various college fraternities, and is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church and a teacher in the Sunday school. A man of great literary ability, he has at various times been honored by societies throughout the United States.
On February 5,1879, Chancellor Barrow was married at Athens, Georgia, to Miss Frances Engle Childs, daughter of Asaph K. and Susan (Ingle) Childs, former residents of Athens, where Mr. Childs was a well known and successful merchant. To this union there have been born four children, as follows: Mrs. S. J. Crow, the wife of Dr. S. J. Crow, of Johns Hopkins University, and the mother of two children S. J., Jr., and David Francis; Benjamin H., engaged in the real estate business at Athens, is married and has one child, Susan Frances, his wife before marriage having been Miss Henry Lucas, a member of a prominent family of Athens; Eleanor, who is the wife of Rev. H. L. J. Williams, professor of the university at Sevierville, Tennessee; and Prof. David Francis, instructor in mathematics at the Uni versity of Texas, a graduate of the University of Georgia, and a doctor of philosophy, Harvard University, married Miss May Augusta Arnold, of
Oglethorpe County, Georgia.

HUGH M. SCOTT. Among the leading members of the Atlanta bar whose youth has seemed no detriment in the way of professional attainment, is Hugh M. Scott, a member of the firm of Brown & Randolph, Parker & Scott, leading attorneys of this section of Georgia. Mr. Scott belongs to one of the old and distinguished families of the South and is a native son of Atlanta, born in this city on June 19, 1883. His parents are Dr. Henry Fort and Lulu S. (Felker) Scott, the former of whom has been eminent in his pro fession for many years.
In the excellent public schools of Atlanta, Hugh M. Scott pursued his studies until he had completed two years of the high school course, when he

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1969

entered the University of Georgia, from which institution he was graduated with the degree of A. B., in 1903, continuing at the university until he had completed his law course. In 1906 he was admitted to the bar and his pro fessional advance has demonstrated his legal ability. In 1911 he became a member of his present firm, one that handles much of the important law business of this part of the state.
Mr. Scott was united in marriage December 9, 1913, with Miss Emily "Winship, who belongs to one of the old families of Atlanta and is one of the hospitable hostesses of the city, an educated and charming lady. Mr. Scott is a member of the First Methodist Episcopal Church of Atlanta.
In politics Mr. Scott is a democrat but has never offered for public office, his profession claiming his entire attention, but he has settled convictions and igives hearty support to all local movements that promise to be beneficial to Atlanta and her institutions. He is a member of the Atlanta and the Georgia State Bar associations and also a member of the Capital City and the Piedmont Driving clubs.

JOHN K. GEWINNER. In the satisfaction that comes through knowledge of the fact that through their own energy they have built up a large enterprise, many men, no doubt, find great recompense for earlier effort and self-denial and it certainly is true that many such men through their capacity and stability, are bulwarks, in a business sense, in any community. Such a man is John K. Gewinner, who is the active head of the Johnson-Gewinner Com pany, of Atlanta, one of the leading automobile accessory and supply houses
of the South. John K. Gewinner was born at Macon, Georgia, August 26, 1883. He is a
son of Napoleon and Mary (Falvey) Gewinner. The mother was born at Atlanta, but the father, who was of German parentage, was born at Kingstree, South Carolina.
In the public schools of Macon, John K. Gewinner secured his educational training, one that he made practical because he applied himself closely to his text books in the knowledge that further advantages would have to be pro vided by himself. He found himself possessed of a mechanical inclination and an aptitude for business and these he wisely turned to account. For a time he worked as an employee for others, in the meanwhile mastering details that made it possible for him, when less than thirty years of age, to command such confidence that he could build up and largely control so large an enter prise as is the Johnson-Gewinner Company and to so enlarge its sale field as to include as sale territory almost the entire southern states. He stands as one of the younger business men of Atlanta, nevertheless his undertakings have been so uniformly successful and his business methods have been so openly honest, that he is numbered with the city's representative men com
manding public confidence. Mr. Gewinner was married on June 28, 1905, to Miss Agnes Hury, and
they have two sons, John K. ari'd George H., aged respectively ten .and seven years. The family reside at the Ponce De Leon apartments.
In political sentiment Mr. Gewinner has been a consistent democrat but has never sought any public office' although ever ready to support others in whom he can rely and to contribute to public-spirited enterprises. He is a Knights Templar Mason and belongs to the Rotary and the Advertising Men's clubs. As president and general manager of his large business con cern he is in a position, to see much further development in this section, not alone in his own line, which, of course, is contributive, but in others which in the aggregate will add largely to the general welfare of all the people.
t
CALVIN WELBORN HUNNICUTT. "Atlanta's oldest pioneer citizen" is a phrase which only partly described the significance and influence of the posi-

1970 ,

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

tion occupied by the late Calvin Welborn Humiicutt, who died at his home on Spring Street, Atlanta, January 20, 1915. In his eighty-eighth year he had spent nearly seventy of them in Atlanta, Of no other citizen could it be said with so much truth that his career reflected the entire history and de velopment of Atlanta from a rural village to a thriving metropolis. Of the many lives that have entered into the foundation and upbuilding of Atlanta, none is more worthy to be considered in a history of pioneer personalities than that of the late Calvin Hunnicutt. Of a city as of an individual it can be said that the greater part of present achievement has come down from the past. Without business judgment, the industrious activity, the sterling citizenship of such men as Calvin Humiicutt, it is impossible to conceive of the splendid existence of such a city as Atlanta. He was a pioneer merchant, accumulated a modest fortune which was swept away in the vortex of the Civil war, again went to work and built up an establishment with trade con nection all over the Southeast, and on retiring from active participation in business left that as a monument to his enterprise.
Calvin "Welborn Hunnicutt was born in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, February 27,1827. When he was six years of age his father removed to Montgomery County, North Carolina, and several years later established a new home in Cobb County, Georgia, Calvin Hunnicutt spent his boyhood in the country, had only six months of regular schooling in his life, and got his education by active contact with the world and with men. While his early environment was not that of actual poverty, it was one of hard and strenuous conditions, and in spite of all that can be said in favor of such circumstances it is only the exceptional boy who rises superior to them and achieves a con spicuous success in the world. The best results from his boyhood experience were the toughening of his physique by work in the fields and woods, and perhaps the vigor and freshness of mind which he brought to his subsequent tasks in the commercial field.
It is said that when the Hunnicutt family removed from North Carolina to Georgia they stopped in what is now the West End, Atlanta, at Whitehall Inn. At that time there was not another house in sight, and practically the entire business and residence district of Atlanta was covered with rolling forests of hickory and oak. On the farm near the Chattahoochee River young Hunnicutt continued to follow the plow, but at the age of twenty sought a diversion from that work in gold mining in Pine County, where lie worked at wages of 30 cents a day. After four months of this hard and unremunerative toil he planted and cultivated a few acres in cotton near Salt Springs. From the Salt Springs he went to Atlanta in 1847, and entered a six months' con tract with the dry goods and clothing house of Haas & Levi, with board and lodging as his only remuneration. A month later the firm thought so well of his ability as to send him to take charge of the branch store at Cartersville, and gave him $12.50 a month salary. An epidemic of smallpox in Bartow County in 1849 caused the business to shut down, and he returned to Atlanta to resume work in the central store. By 1850 he had mastered the details of business so thoroughly as to be made manager of the store, and his salary of $720 a year is said to have been the largest paid to any young man in Atlanta
at that time. In 1852 Mr. Hunnicutt and a fellow clerk, John Silvey, embarked their
small capital of $500 in a stock of dry goods and clothing, and opened a store on Whitehall Street under the name Hunnicutt & Silvey. They pros pered almost from the start and in spite of their limited resources they had such credit with the central markets that at one time they purchased as much as $15,000 worth of goods on credit. In 1858 Mr. Hunnicutt sold his share in the business to David H. Dougherty and then went into the drug trade with James A. Taylor, under the firm name Hunnicutt & Taylor. Their business was located at the corner of Edgewood and Decatur streets, now known as

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1971

"Five Points." The rent for this location was over $1,000 a year, and it was freely predicted that Mr. Hunnicutt would fail because of the high rent, but he disappointed expectations, and in a short time was one of the most prosperous merchants of Atlanta,
In 1861 Mr. Hunnicutt organized the Fulton Dragoons, a cavalry troop, was elected captain but resigned that office in favor of his friend Caleb Whaley, and accepted the position of first lieutenant. In 1862 Mr. Hunnicutt was detailed by the Confederate government to duty in the ordnance and medical department at Cuthbert and Atlanta. The business firm comprising Mr. Hunnicutt, Leonard Bellingrath. and James A. Taylor, in 1862 began the manufacture of alcohol for their trade, but their plant was soon taken over by the Confederate government and though still operated by the business partners its product was turned over to the .government.
When the war broke out Mr. Hunnicutt's present worth was estimated at about $65,000. With the close of the war he was practically penniless, and had to start at the foot of the ladder, but like the city which had been de vastated at the same time, he was destined to rise above failure and place himself among the leaders in business in the new city and the new South. His first enterprise was to rent a sawmill near Cuthbert, and with the assist ance of a former negro slave to cut timbers for frame houses that were sent to Atlanta. Returning to Atlanta early in 1866 Mr. Hunnicutt engaged for a time in brick making, but soon afterwards formed a partnership with Leonard Bellingrath and engaged in the plumbing and gas fitting business. The combined capital of the partners was only $350. Their capital was only a fraction of a per cent of the value of their character and enterprise, and from their modest beginnings they built up one of the largest-establishments in its line in the South, increasing with adaptation to modern business con ditions and operated as a general hardware, electric light fixtures and copper smith store, until in later years its average stock was valued at upwards of $100,000, housed in a large three-story building constructed especially for the firm. Mr. Hunnicutt continued to be associated with the active management of this business until about 1900, when he retired and was succeeded by his son, J. E. Hunnicutt.
Mr. Hunnicutt was identified with many enterprises of early and later Atlanta, was at one time president of the Georgia Stove Works, and vice president of the Atlanta Banking Company. He was a charter member of the first fire company organized at Atlanta in 1851. Before the war he was elected a member of the general council of the city, and was re-elected in 1859, but resigned on account of ill health. He is given credit for having organized the Fulton County Board of Commissioners, having been elected to that office in 1881, and continuing his services thirteen years, eight of which were spent as chairman of the board. He was a charter member of Atlanta Lodge No. 59, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, which he served as master, was affiliated with the Royal Arch Chapter, was for many years a member of the First Methodist Church and a steward, and was a member of the .
Pioneer Citizens Society of Atlanta. On December 3, 1857, Mr. Hunnicutt married Miss Letitia A. Payne,
daughter of Edwin Payne, a Virginian by birth. To this marriage were born six children, four of whom survive their honored father: Luther L., de ceased ; Mary, wife of Alston H. Greene, of Atlanta; Joseph Edgar, now at the head of the large business established by his father; Eddie P., deceased wife of Dr. C. 0. Tyner of Atlanta; Letitia A., wife of W. W. Drake of Atlanta; and Sallie F., wife of W. R. Prescott.
In concluding this article a brief estimate of the services and character of the late Mr. Hunnicutt may be quoted in the words of one who knew him and wrote while the pioneer was still alive:
u Mr. Hunnicutt is distinctly a business man, a man whose efforts have

il
fr

1972

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

tended to build up Atlanta and make a great city. He came here when the place consisted of only cross roads stores and has always had faith that the city would grow to a large and prosperous metropolis. Modest, plain and unassuming, he has worked his way up to his present independent position,
respected of the whole community."

DR. WILLIAM BARNETT was a son of Nat Barnett, who came from Amherst County, Virginia, to Georgia in the Revolutionary period, and he was kin to the Crawford family which cut such a large figure in Georgia history. Wil liam Barnett and his brother Joel were both gallant soldiers of the Revolu tionary struggle, both being then young men. In that early time there was a great demand for doctors, and with some natural aptitude for the profession, Doctor Barnett took up the practice of medicine, giving his services freely to the poor, without regard as to whether they were able to pay him or not. He became, as a result of his personal popularity, sheriff of his county. He was then sent to the General Assembly for a number of years and became presi dent of the Senate. In 1812, when the elder Howell Cobb, then a member of the Twelfth Congress, resigned to take up active service in the army, Doctor Barnett was a candidate to fill out Mr. Cobb's unexpired term. His opponent was the celebrated John Forsyth, one of the great men of Georgia's history, and whose reputation was afterwards national and international. Doctor Barnett ran as a states-rights democrat, and an evidence of his popu larity is to be found in the fact that he beat Forsyth in that campaign. He was re-elected to the Thirteenth Congress, which carried his service up to March 2, 1815, and immediately after the close of the session he was ap pointed by President Madison a member of the commission to establish the boundaries of the Creek Indian reservation. This was his last appearance in the public life of the nation, though he may have later served his constituents in positions of a local character. Eventually he moved to Alabama, where after a residence of a few years he died.

AMOS TAPPAN AKERMAN was born in Portsmouth, New Hampshire, Feb ruary 23, 1821. His father was a land surveyor. He fitted for college at Phillips Exeter Academy and graduated from Dartmouth in 1842. Imme diately upon graduation he went South. For several years he was principally employed in teaching school. In 1846 he entered the household of Senator John M. Berrien of Savannah, Georgia, as tutor of Mr. Berrien's children, with part of his time at his disposal for the study of law. In 1853 he moved to Habersham County, where he practiced law. A little later he entered into partnership with Judge Hester in Elberton.
Mr. Akerman was a Union man until after the outbreak of hostilities, as were many others in Georgia at that time. In 1863 he became ordnance officer in Colonel Toombs' regiment of the State Guard for home defense. The regiment served near Athens, Atlanta and Savannah until February, 1864, and was called out again in May, when Sherman approached Atlanta. Before joining the colors Mr. Akerman was married in Athens, on the 28th of May, to Martha Rebecca Galloway. The next day he went to Atlanta and was made assistant quartermaster of the militia division under Gen. Gustavus Smith. Atlanta was evacuated on the first of September and the command was in gradual retreat for the next few months through Georgia and South Carolina and back again into Georgia, until in April, 1865, they were furloughed indefinitely by Governor Brown, '' for the Confederacy was falling.''
Mr. Akerman returned to Elberton, and as soon as the courts were opened, resumed the practice of law. He was a member of the Constitutional Con vention of 1867-8, and his work in that body marked him as one of the leaders of his state in ability and character. He was practically the author of the judicial system in the new constitution, a system considered by some of

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1973

the ablest lawyers in Georgia the best the state had ever enjoyed. But there was a strong movement in the convention to insert clauses in the constitu tion which would permit the repudiation of all previous private indebted ness, and as he was unable to defeat the movement and did not wish to become a part of it, he resigned and went home. When the constitution was submitted to Congress for approval, Mr. Akerman's stand was vindicated, because Congress struck out the repudiating clauses.
Mr. Akerman's political convictions made him a republican during the
political readjustments of the Reconstruction period and he remained a firm adherent of that party to his death. He was a member of the convention that nominated General Grant for President in 1868 and was on the repub lican electoral ticket in Georgia. President Grant appointed him district attorney for Georgia and the Senate - confirmed the appointment; but Mr. Akerman would not take the test oath and his disabilities had to be re moved by Congress, when it met in December, 1869, before he would assume the office.
In June, 1870, when Rockwood Hoar of Massachusetts retired from the attorney generalship of the United States, the President sought for a Southern republican to fill the vacancy, and appointed Mr. Akerman, much to the latter's surprise. He assumed office in July and served until January 10, 1872. At this time he changed his Georgia home to Cartersville, the county seat of Bartow County, where the remainder of his life was passed. Under political pressure he resigned January 10, 1872, and retired to private life and the practice of his profession. He died December 21, 1880.

HON. I^ILLIAM R. HAMMOND. Judicial experience is one of the most valu able qualifications of a lawyer, and when, after a period of public service on the bench, a lawyer resumes practice at the bar, it is with a fund of knowledge and a closer insight into the methods of dealing with cases than he could pos sibly have otherwise acquired. Such an advantage has William R. Hammond, of the Atlanta bar and formerly judge of the Circuit Court. As a judge he proved able, courageous and unprejudiced, and as a lawyer he has reached a foremost place and in both capacities has won the confidence of the public.
William R. Hammond belongs to Georgia, born at Franklin, in Heard County, October 25, 1848, was educated in his native state, married here and from choice has followed his. profession and thereby reflected credit and honor on the state that gave him birth. His parents were Judge Dennis F. and Adeline (Robinson) Hammond. Of their nine children three survive: Octavia, who is the wife of A. D. Adair, of Atlanta; William R.; and John D., who is a member of the North Georgia Conference of the Methodist Episcopal
Church, South.
Judge Dennis F. Hammond was distinguished on both bench and bar. He was born in South Carolina, in 1819, and when he came to Georgia as a young man, settled first in Lincoln County, was admitted to the bar in 1840 and fifteen years later was elected to the Superior Court bench as judge of the Tallapoosa Circuit and served until 1862, and in 1870 was elected mayor of Atlanta. He continued in the practice of law, for some years associated with his son, William R., at Atlanta, removing then to his orange plantation near Orlando, Florida. His death occurred in 1891.
William R. Hammond was but two years old when his parents removed to Newnan, Georgia, where he received his primary education, and after the family came to Atlanta, in 1862, he had excellent advantages in the private schools of this city in which he was prepared for college, and in 1867 he entered the State University at Athens, Georgia, from which institution he was more than creditably graduated two years later, carrying off the honors of his class, a fact to recall with justifiable pride as among his classmates were those who have become notably prominent in both state and nation.

1974

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

After completing his university course with brilliance, Mr. Hammond entered his father's office as a law student, and was admitted to the bar in 1870, following which his father admitted him to a partnership and they con tinued together as a law firm until 1881, when Judge Hammond, as mentioned above, moved to Florida'. In 1882 a vacancy on the circuit bench of the Atlanta Circuit was occasioned by the resignation of Judge Hillyer and the General Assembly elected William R. Hammond to succeed, and so acceptable did Judge Hammond prove that he was re-elected for a term of four years. As a judge his decisions were sound and logical but neither the honor nor the emoluments entirely satisfied his ambition, and in November, 1885, he resigned from the bench and resumed his private practice.
In consulting the court records it may be proved that as a lawyer Mr. Hammond has been concerned in some of the most complicated and important litigation of the state, and on one occasion in particular the judge pronounced Mr. Hammond's argument the finest he had ever heard. After leaving the bench he formed a partnership with Judge John I. Hall, who afterwards became assistant attorney-general of the United States. The law firm of Hall & Hammond became famous and controlled an extensive practice throughout the state. Judge Hammond's professional success has been, unusual but his career lias ever been marked with the expert knowledge necessary together with the understanding of human nature that he has cultivated, and honorable devotion to his clients.
Judge Hammond was united in marriage with Miss Laura Rawson, a daugh ter of Hon. E. E. Rawson, one of the prominent citizens at that time at Atlanta.
While his profession has demanded a large part of his attention, Judge Hammond has become interested financially in several of the flourishing enter prises that have helped to make Atlanta something of a commercial center. Perhaps, though, if he has an interest nearer to his heart than his profession, it may be the cause of education, for which he has labored without remunera tion for the past quarter of a century, during a number of years serving thus on the board of education. He is a life trustee of the Wesleyan Female Col lege, and is chairman of the board of trustees of Trinity Methodist Church.
CHARLES DODD MONTGOMERY was born at Talladega, the county seat of Talladega County, Alabama, July 26,1851, angl is a son of Hugh Montgomery, a native Georgian, born in.Gwinnett County, February 22, 1814. He was a farmer by occupation and a son of William Montgomery, who came to Georgia from North Carolina and settled in Gwinnett County at a time when the Indians were still to be found here in great numbers.
William Montgomery, who was of Scotch-Irish Presbyterian stock, removed in later years to Floyd County, Georgia, where he passed the remainder of his life and died. For many years he was an elder in the First Presbyterian Church of Rome, Georgia, He was twice married, his first wife being Catherine Boyle, who was of Scotch descent, and who became the mother of Hugh Montgomery. For his second wjfe, William Montgomery married a Mrs. Turner, but they had no children. William Montgomery was a well-to-do man in his day, owning large plantations and numerous slaves, and was in the habit of keeping large sums of money on hand at all times, which he loaned to his neighbors. At one time more than $10,000 was stolen from him by one of his negro slaves, who, it was alleged, was persuaded to commit the robbery by a disreputable white character of the community named Berry, and this theft resulted in one of the most noted robbery eases in the annals of Georgia. William Montgomery died in Floyd County, Georgia, at the remarkable age of ninety-five years. He and his first wife had a family of seven daughters and seven sons, Hugh being the third son. Two of his brothers, Stiles and George Montgomery, were killed while fighting in the army of the Confederacy

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1975

during the war between the states, but Hugh was too old to participate in that conflict.
Hugh Montgomery was married in 1846 to Miss Caroline Elizabeth Orr, who was born in Jackson County, Georgia, in 1820, daughter of William and Sarah (Anderson) Orr, the latter of whom was the daughter of Capt. James Andersen, an officer in the patriot army during the War of the Revolution. William Orr and his brother, James, lived in Jackson County, Georgia, where they owned and conducted a wagon and implement shop. It is worthy of note that in this shop in Jackson County the two Orr brothers built. the first successful cotton gin in the State of Georgia, and while patterned after the Whitney gin, which one of them had previously seen, it was known as the Orr gin all through that section of the state. Later on William Orr removed to Talladega County, Alabama, where he and his three sons, Anderson, James and .Craig, manufactured cotton gins until the outbreak of the struggle between the South and the North, when the factory was converted into a spinning mill, and this was later destroyed by the Federal troops.
Hugh Montgomery and his wife removed from Georgia to Talladega County, Alabama, in 1849, locating on a farm just outside of-the Town of Talladega, where both died, the father in 1886 and the mother in 1896, aged, respectively, seventy-two and seventy-six years. Three sons and three daugh ters were born to them, Charles Dodd being the second son and third child. He has one brother, Albert Ulysses Montgomery, living at Hattiesburg, Mis sissippi, and one sister, Mrs. Emma Lokey, living at Birmingham, Alabama.
Charles Dodd Montgomery received a good high school education at Talla dega, Alabama, and resided on his father's farm near that city until 1873, when he came to Atlanta, being then twenty-one years of age. Here he em barked in business life in the employ of M. C. & J. F. Kiser, wholesale mer chants, beginning in a modest capacity, as a mere helper and clerk, and work ing his way up to the position of traveling salesman. On January 1, 1889, his faithful and capable services were further recognized and rewarded when he was made junior partner of the concern, although he still continued his activities on the road as traveling salesman. In 1892 the above firm was succeeded by that of Kiser, Moore, Draper & Company, Mr. Montgomery con tinuing as junior partner and traveling salesman. When M. C. Kiser died, in 1894, the firm was dissolved, and in 1895 Mr. Montgomery became one of the organizers of the M. C. Kiser Company, wholesale dealers in shoes. He remained as secretary and stockholder of this company until 1910, when he disposed of his interests in the concern. On January 1, 1915, Mr. Montgomery joined Paul C. Smith in the establishment of the firm of Montgomery & Smith, fire insurance, casualty, fidelity, bonds, etc., and since that time the partners have developed one of the leading agencies in this line in the city, maintaining offices at No. 511 Empire Building. Mr. Montgomery is a Royal Arch Mason, a Knight Templar and a Shriner. He is a member of the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce, has identified himself with various movements for civic betterment and progress, and bears an excellent reputation among business men of solidity and worth. His religious connection is with the Central Presbyterian. Church, in which he is serving as an elder.
On January 14, 1880, Mr. Montgomery was united in marriage with Miss Ellie M. Rushton, of Atlanta, who died October 4,1889. Mr. Montgomery has not remarried. He has one living son, Charles Dodd Montgomery, Jr., a gradu ate of Davidson College,,Atlanta Law School and the law department of Columbia University, and now one of the well known and capable members of the Atlanta bar.

HAMILTON MCWHORTER. It has been within the power and ambition of Judge McWhorter to achieve distinction as one of the essentially represen tative lawyers and jurists of his native state and to add materially to the

1976

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

prestige of a family name that has been one of marked prominence and

influence in connection with Georgia history. In his profession he gives

special attention to railroad and other corporation practice and in this

domain is recognized as one of the leading authorities in this state, his

residence and professional headquarters being in the City of Athens, judicial

center of Clarke County.

Judge MeWhorter was born in Greene County, Georgia, on the 1st of

July, 1858, and is a son of Hon. Robert L. and Nancy Pope (Thurmond)

McWhorter, both lifelong residents of this state, as representatives of old

and distinguished Georgia families. Robert L. McWhorter passed the closing

years of his life in Greene County, where he was the owner of a valuable

landed estate and carried on extensive operations as an agriculturist. He

was a gallant soldier of the Confederacy in the war between the states, and

served during the entire period of the great conflict, his ability and valor

having led to his promotion to the rank of major of the Third Georgia

Regiment. He took part in many important engagements and received

wounds of minor order, though not long incapacitated for service as a result

of these injuries. In later years he perpetuated the more gracious memories

and associations of his military career through active and prominent affilia

tion with the United Confederate Veterans. Major McWhorter died in

1900, at the patriarchal age of eighty-nine year's, and his widow died on

July 27th in the eighty-fifth year of her age. -The original American pro

genitors of both families settled in Virginia in the colonial era of our national

history and from the Old Dominion came the pioneer representatives of both

in the State of Georgia. Of the five children of Major and Mrs. McWhorter

Judge MeWhorter of this review was the fourth in order of birth.

Major McWhorter was long a prominent and influential figure in public

life in Georgia, where he served fifteen years as a member of the Lower House

and fifteen years as a member of the Senate of the State Legislature a record

that has had few parallels in the annals of this commonwealth. Aside from

his legislative service he filled divers other positions of public trust and was

a man whose noble character and distinctive ability gave him impregnable

vantage-place in popular confidence and esteem.

After the completion of a course in the Mercer High School at Penfield,

Judge McWhorter entered the University of Georgia, in which he was

graduated as a member of the class of 1875 and from which he received the

degree of bachelor of arts. In 1877 he was graduated in the law department

of the university and his admission to the bar of his native state was virtually

concomitant with his reception of the degree of bachelor of laws. The judge

engaged in the practice of his profession at- Lexington, the judicial center

of Oglethorpe County, where he continued his residence until 1903, when

he established himself in practice at Athens, which city has since continued

the stage of his specially successful and important professional work. In

1890 he was elected to the bench of the Northern Circuit, to fill out an unex-

pired term, and in 1892 he was elected for the regular term of four years.

He made an admirable record on the bench but his predilection has been for

railroad and corporation practice rather than for the exercise of judicial

functions, so that he resigned his position on the bench on the 1st of July,

1895. In the following February the judge was appointed advisory counsel

for the Southern Railway in Georgia and as its representative in Georgia he

\

continued the valued incumbent of this office until 1906, when he was

advanced to the position of assistant general counsel of the entire system

of this important corporation, an office of which he stilled continued in tenure,

with jurisdiction throughout Georgia, Florida, Alabama and Mississippi.

Judge McWhorter has attained, to specially high reputation as a railway

J

lawyer andv his authoritative knowledge of legal matters in this field of

]

service has-been recognized by the highest tribunals. He is a prominent and

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1977

honored member of the Georgia State Bar Association, of which he served as president in 1898-9, and he is a member of the National Bar Association. The judge is a stanch and effective advocate of the principles and policies for which the democratic party stands sponsor, and both he and his wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South. In 1894 Governor Atkinson tendered him appointment to the position of associate justice of the
Supreme Court of the state, but he declined to accept this distinguished position, as he felt it expedient to give his undivided attention to his large and important private practice. A position on the bench of the Supreme Court was again tendered to him in 1903, by Governor Terrell, but on this occasion also he declined the office, though his distinctive eligibility was fully recognized by his professional confreres throughout the state.
The temporal rewards of 'the able services given by Judge McWhorter in his chosen profession have been large and worthily won. He has thus become one of the most substantial capitalists of Clarke County, and his financial investments are varied and important. He is a director of the Southern Mutual Insurance Company and the Columbia Insurance Com
pany, both of Athens, is a director and general counsel of the Augusta Southern Railroad, is a member of the directorate of the Tallulah Falls Rail way Company, of which he is general counsel, and is a director also of the Hartwell Railway Company and the Elberton Southern Railway Company. Since 1908 Judge McWhorter has served as trustee from the state at large of the University of Georgia, and he is a trustee of the Georgia State Normal School, at Athens.
At Washington, this state, in the year 1880, was solemnized the marriage of Judge McWhorter to Miss Sallie Pharr, daughter of Marcus A. and Camilla (Oliver) Pharr, the latter of whom is still living. Mr. Pharr was a valiant soldier of the Confederacy in the Civil war and was one of the honored and influential citizens of Wilkes County at the time of his death. In conclusion is entered brief record concerning the children of Judge and Mrs. McWhorter: Mrs. Julia P. Price resides at Highshoals, Oconee County, and has one child, Sarah. Camilla is the wife of Andrew C. Erwin, of Athens, and they have two children Mary Cobb and Sarah. Marcus P. was graduated in the law department of the University of Georgia and is now engaged in the practice of his profession in the City of Atlanta, where
he is associated with the representative law firm of McDaniel & Black. Hamilton, Jr., was graduated in the literary department of the University of Georgia and is now identified with important business interests in the City of Atlanta. Robert Ligon was graduated in the University of Georgia and is now a member of the class of 1917 in the law department, of the historic old University of Virginia. Howard Hart is a student in the University of Georgia. Miss Sally is a student in the Salem Academy and College, at Winston-Salem, North Carolina; and Thurmond is attending the Augusta Military Academy at Fort Defiance, Virginia.

GEORGE >MILTON MCKENZIE. . A Georgia business man of noteworthy achievements is George Milton McKenzie, now president of the McKenzie
Trust Company of Atlanta. For about thirty years he has been one of that city's progressive business men, and his work must be mentioned in connection with that group of men who have energized this community into the com mercial metropolis of the southeastern states.
George Milton McKenzie was born in Macon County, Georgia, April 20, 1860, a son of Andrew James and Martha (Wiggins) McKenzie, the former of Houston County and the latter of Macon County, Georgia. Both the McKenzie and Wiggins families were of Scotch descent, and have long been prominent and worthy residents of Georgia.
George M. McKenzie was educated in the public schools of Georgia, and

1978

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

early manifested that inclination for business which has brought him to his present high position: He came to Atlanta during the decade of the '80s, and for a number of years was associated with his brother, William Marshall McKenzie., Their combined efforts have made the name one 'of the most substantial in business affairs in Georgia. For a number of years Mr. McKenzie was closely identified with the Atlanta Oil & Fertilizer Company, one of the leading local industries. The McKenzie Trust Company, of which he is president, has its offices in the Healey Building, and is one of the strong financial concerns of the state.
Mr. McKenzie was married March 6, 1888, to Miss Annie Thrasher, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Early W. Thrasher, of a well known Georgia family which removed from this state to Florida and prior to the Civil war were among the largest land and slave owners in the state. They have two chil dren : Annie Lee, who on November'20, 1913, married Milton Dargan, Jr., of Atlanta; and William Kenneth, aged eighteen. Mr. McKenzie is ,a member of the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce, of the capital city and Piedmont Driv ing clubs, and of the Ponce de Leon Avenue Baptist Church. He is one of the prominent figures in the city both in club and social activities and in 'business affairs. The McKenzie residence is at 1418 Peaehtree Road.

EDGAR WATKINS. There are many points of special interest in both the1 genealogical and personal records of this native son of Georgia, in which commonwealth it has been given him to attain to marked prestige as an attorney and counselor at law, as a contributor to the standard and periodical literature of his profession, as a citizen of the highest civic ideals1' and of much influence in the business and social activities of Atlanta, where he still maintains his residence, though he is now the incumbent of the position of attorney for the Interstate Commerce Commission, his official duties in this connection causing him to be absent from Georgia's capital city for varying intervals and this preferment having come to him on the 1st of February, 1914, as a merited tribute to his professional ability and his authoritative and comprehensive knowledge of the functions of the national organization with which he is thus identified. Mr. Watkins is a scion of a family that was founded in Virginia in the colonial days and one whose name has been promi nently identified with the annals of Georgia history since about the time of the War of the Revolution, interesting data from a previously published article being well worthy of reproduction in this article, with but slight paraphrase:
u The Watkins family is one of very ancient origin and untarnished fame in Wales and England, and the branch of which Edgar Watkins belongs came to Virginia about 1720. His great-grandfather, Moses Watkins, came to Georgia and settled in Oglethorpe county about the time of the Revolu tion. His grandfather, Reese Watkins, who wedded Miss Nellie Young Herrin, in Habersham county, removed thence to Campbell county and settled in that portion of that section that is now included in Douglas county, Where, in 1845, was born their son Moses Denman Watkins, father of Edgar. Mr. Watkins would seem fairly to have inherited his legal ability, for the first digest of Georgia laws ever published was brought out, in 1800, by Robert and George Watkins, who belonged to the same branch of the family.
"Moses D. Watkins entered the Confederate Army in 1861 and was a loyal and valiant soldier in the great conflict between the states of the South and the North. After the close of the war he became a farmer and merchant in what is now Carroll county, where he became an honored and influential citizen and where he achieved large and worthy success. He married Miss Divine Howard Word, and of their children three sons and three daughters
are living." Edgar Watkins was born in the part of Campbell County that is now
Carroll County and the date of his nativity was July 31, 1868. After avail-

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1979

ing himself of the advantages of a well ordered academy at Whitesburg, that county he entered the University of Georgia, in the law department of which institution he was graduated as a member of the class of 1889 and with the degree of Bachelor of Laws. His professional novitiate was served at Carrollton, judicial center of his home county, and though he began prac tice shortly before attaining to his legal majority his energy, ability and ambition soon enabled him to build up a substantial practice, the estimate placed upon him in the community having been shown when, in 1892, he was chosen solicitor of the Municipal Court of Carrollton. In the following year, however, though he was destined eventually to renew his .allegiance to his native state, Mr. Watkins found a broader field of professional activity than that in which he had been laboring, since he removed to the West in 1893, and, after a preliminary survey for the purpose of choosing an eligible loca tion, established himself in the practice of his profession in the City of Hous ton, Texas. In 1898 he had the distinction of being elected president of the Houston Business League, and it has consistently been said that this prefer ment was a "very high compliment to a young man so lately established in the community and not engaged in commercial activities." From 1900 to 1902 Mr. Watkins was a member of the Houston board of aldermen, and thereafter he served two years as president of the board of education of that city. Concerning his career in the Lone Star State the following pertinent statements have been written: "It thus appears that he was not chary of giving his time and service to the public welfare, but this was not .all. As an elder in the Presbyterian church and as president of Young Men's Christian Association, he made a most distinguished record in the upbuilding of a strong and healthful religious sentiment in the community. Always loyal to the great common people, his reputation grew throughout Texas most amaz ingly in those active years, and when, in 1907, he decided to return to Georgia, there was a profound feeling of regret on the part of a multitude of the best men in Texas. Governor T. M. Campbell, under date of July 20, 1907, wrote him a most feeling letter, in which he expressed his deep regret not only in the removal from the state of a most valued friend but also in the loss to Texas of a citizen of such value to the commonwealth. In Houston his loyal friends gathered on July 27, 1907, and gave him a parting banquet, expressive of their friendship and good will.
"When Mr. Watkins first went to Houston he became a member of the law firm of Alien & Watkins, which later was amplified under the title of Alien, Watkins & Jones. When Mr. Alien was appointed to the bench the firm became Watkins & Jones, and later, when former Governor Hogg was admitted to the firm its title was changed to Hogg, Watkins & Jones. In October, 1907, after his return to his native state, as one of the special counsel for the State of Georgia before the United States circuit court, Mr. Watkins maintained, in a masterly argument, the rights of the Railroad Com mission and the State of Georgia, in establishing lower passenger fares, in which he was opposed by Hon. John C. Spooner, former United States senator from Wisconsin, and by other able counsel. He has won a reputation which puts him in the front rank of his profession, first as a young lawyer in Texas and now as a representative member of the Georgia bar.''
Concerning the professional and civic activities of Mr. Watkins since his return to Georgia interesting data could well be given that would far transcend the limitations of an article of this nature, but consistency is con served when the following appreciative statements are reproduced, with minor elimination and other changes in the original context:
U 0n the 7th of January, 1909, at the annual banquet of the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce, when the Hon. Clarence Ousley, of Texas, was the guest of honor, Mr. Watkins was selected to introduce Mr. Ousley, and in the few moments which he took for the discharge of that duty he set forth

1980

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

in graphic fashion the bonds of kinship between Texas and Georgia and the debt which Texas owes to Georgia for that immense number of her best citizens who are of Georgia blood. On that occasion Mr. Watkins brilliantly justified on his home soil the reputation which he had made in Texas.
"Edgar Watkins is a many-sided man. In addition to his public and church work he is devoted to the fraternal societies. In addition to being affiliated with the various York and Scottish Rite bodies of the Masonic fra ternity, in which he has received the thirty-second degree of the Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite, he is identified also with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Benevolent & Protective Order of Elks, the Knights of Pythias, and the Phi Gamma Delta College fraternity. In his home city he is a member of the Capital City Club, and the Piedmont Driving Club, and at Washington, D. C., where his official duties with the Interstate Commerce Commission require his presence much of the time, he is a member of the University Club. It would naturally be inferred that a practicing lawyer with all these outside interests would find little time for making books, but Mr. Watkins, with characteristic energy and ability, has written and published a large volume entitled 'Shippers and Carriers of Interstate Freight,' this being an authoritative and comprehensive submis sion of the subject in all its relations, and'the second edition of the work was issued in 1916, indicating the wide demand for the publication. Mr. Watkins' taste in reading is as varied as in other directions and denotes his broad mental ken as well as the versatility of his talents. He is known as a pro found student of his profession and along scientific lines, but is able to find relaxation and entertainment in lighter literature, especially detective stories.
"Mr. Watkins is impressed that Georgia needs a more thoroughly equipped, and therefore more effective and legitimate, tax system, under which all property shall bear its fair proportion of the cost of government and the support of the state institutions. Economy in Federal expenditures he insistently urges and believes to be essential to the general welfare. He is the advocate of liberal policies in education and in the training of all sorts and conditions of men for productive endeavor, especially in the promo tion of scientific methods and policies in connection with the basic and all important industry of agriculture and its allied enterprises. A good class of immigration into Georgia would, in his judgment, be of positive value not only to the state but also of benefit to the immigrants themselves."
In 1914 Mr. Watkins served as president of the Atlanta Bar Association, and this vouches for his personal popularity among his professional confreres in the Capital City of Georgia, as well as for his high standing at the bar. His address at the opening of the new courthouse in Atlanta on September 8, 1914, is fittingly reproduced at4his point.
"Appropriately have those in authority determined that this occasion should not pass without fitting observance of its importance. We are here to dedicate a temple, not to mirth or pleasure, selfishness or greed, but to justice and judgment, which the psalmist tells us are the habitation of the
throne of God. '' This beautiful temple is but the handiwork of man, but we here dedicate
its use to a cause that is divine. Pagans have depicted Justice as a blinded goddess, seeking thereby to teach that parties should not be seen, but that the just cause by whomsoever presented should prevail. But Justice should not be blind. True she should know no parties, but she should clearly see the cause. She should tear from her eyes the old and dusty rags 'that obscure, yea, sometimes eclipse, the truth, and 'execute judgment and jus tice in the earth.' This is not to say that there should be no guides to justice. What is meant is that forms should be means and not ends; that the letter which killeth should not control the spirit which maketh Justice alive and active; that none, however despised, however mean, however guilty, should

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1981

be deprived of a just judgment in the particular cause presented. Lynch law executed outside the court room is dangerous, but it is only when Judge Lynch enters the portals of a temple such as this that his acts become abso lutely destructive of law and society. Were I of those whose prayers availeth, 1 should on this occasion humbly invoke the Divine Seat of Judgment that neither lawyer, juror, nor judge should ever in this or other like temple
feel or be influenced by the spirit of the mob. '' This temple must have its priests who serve at its altars. These are of
three classes, having distinct duties to perform, but duties of equal impor tance. In dedicating this temple these priests should consecrate themselves anew to the service in which they are to engage. The priestly classes are law
yers, jurors and judges. "Lawyers sometimes mistake their true calling. They receive and some
times deserve the adverse criticism of laymen. But, from a somewhat ex tended knowledge of lawyers, <I can truthfully bear testimony to the fact that, in character, loyalty and devotion to their high calling, they are the peers of any, and while men of no other class have so frequent opportunity to betray trusts committed to them, none so infrequently prove recreant to
these trusts. "It is our duty to aid the other two priestly orders in seeing that justice
and judgment shall prevail. To my brethren of the order to which I am proud to belong I beg to be permitted to say: Abate not your energy, loyalty and devotion to client, but remember that all your acts should be subservient to the great cause which this temple typifies.
"There are those who say that the jury obstructs rather than aids the cause of justice. It must be admitted that jurors are human and, therefore, err. The proper function of the jury is to determine wherein lies the truth when those who seek justice' here present conflicting statements. While jurors may be, and sometimes are, influenced by passion or prejudice, than the jury system no better human agency has been devised whereby the grain of truth may be discovered in the chaff of conflicting testimony. Unfor tunately, under our system of jurisprudence judges must give jurors a charge that is little more than a statement of abstract principles of law, the applica tion of which to the particular facts of the case is difficult. Confused by these statements and deprived of the aid which the judge should be permitted to give, it is no wonder that sometimes jurors in their bewilderment follow prejudice or bias and thus miss the truth. -
"Limit the jury to its proper function and permit the judge, as in the Federal and some State systems, to reduce abstract principles to concrete applications, and the usefulness of this order of the priesthood will be in creased and the defects of the jury system greatly reduced.
"It should be held an honor to serve as a juror in this temple, and all called so to do should feel a sacred obligation to perform that duty as a servant of Justice.
"That the judge should possess learning and integrity is so obvious a fact that no reference thereto need be made. It is equally as important that he should be a man of courage, unaffected by popular clamor. His is the more conspicuous place and upon him depends to a large extent the opinion which the public has of the administration of justice. There are handicaps upon the performance of his duties which make his service less satisfactory. As has already been indicated, the law in Georgia prevents his being as effective an aid to a jury as he might be. He is sometimes unjustly blamed for defects in the procedure under which justice is administered. This blame should not be directed to the judge nor to any of those who administer at the altars of the temples of Justice. That there are many and glaring defects in the rules of procedure in courts is admitted everywhere. Lawyers in their associations, local, state and national, discuss these defects and propose remedies. Such

1982

GEORGIA AiND GEORGIANS

/

proposed remedies are rarely adopted, but for the failure to adopt them neither the judges nor the lawyers as a class are responsible. The people, directly or through their representatives, should make the substantive laws, but the rules of procedure should be prescribed by those who administer them.
"We read in newspapers and other publications, and frequently hear in addresses, criticisms of lawyers and judges because of defects in the rules under which justice is administered. Instead of criticising these, place the blame where it belongs, upon the people and their representatives in legislative bodies. If you wish those rules simplified and made effective as a means of obtaining just judgments, give to the judges the power to make and alter them.
4 "The archaic rules of adjective law which now hinder justice had their origin
in methods of procedure that grew up under the administration of 'judges. These rules when adopted were suited to the needs of the times, but legisla tive bodies have either prevented the judges from altering these rules to meet changing conditions, or have themselves, without adequate knowledge, sought to prescribe new rules.
"Restore to the priesthood the right to prescribe the ritual that shall be used in the temples dedicated to justice, and then should there be failure to obtain justice and judgment, criticism may appropriately be directed at the priests; but until then refrain from such criticism.
"As President of the Atlanta Bar Association, I am permitted in behalf of its members to accept for them service in this temple.
"In conclusion, may I repeat for our guidance the advice of that great lawyer and judge, Logan E. Bleckley, who said:
" 'Meditate upon the exalted character and claims of truth; let'the intellect embrace it as both the end and means of knowledge,, and let the affections attach themselves to it as an object of desire and devotion.' "
Mr. Watkins is identified also with the Georgia State Bar Association and the Texas State Bar Association. Both in a generic and a partisan sense is Mr. Watkins essentially a democrat, and he is admirably fortified in his con viction concerning matters of economic and governmental polity. Both he and his wife are most zealous members of the Presbyterian Church and they are popular factors in the representative social activities of Atlanta.
On the 1st of March, 1894, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Watkins to Miss Belle Cameron, daughter of John Thomas Cameron and Rachel (Barnett) Cameron, and the four children of this union are: Edgar, Jr., Robert Cameron, James Hogg, and John Allan.
His services as an attorney for the Interstate Commerce Commission now engross the major part of the time and attention of Mr. Watkins but he has not abated in the least his interest in the general work of his profession, to the literature of which he has made many valuable contributions, especially to legal encyclopedias and leading periodicals. He stands as a fine type of loyal, steadfast and useful citizenship and as an ornament to the bar of his native
commonwealth.

BERNARD WOLFF, M. D. Engaged in the practice of his profession in the City of Atlanta, Doctor Wolff is known as a man of specially high technical attainments and is prominent and influential in the educational work of his profession as well as in various other, allied lines, with a wide reputation as one of the leading specialists in the South in the diagnosis and treatment of the diseases of the skin. In fortifying himself for the exacting vocation of his choice he had the best of advantages, both in America and Europe, and as one of the representative physicians of Georgia he is eminently entitled to
consideration in this publication. Doctor Wolff was born at River Bound, Prince Edward County, Virginia,
on the 27th of March, 1868. His father died before they left Prince Edward, in June, 1869, and when he was but two years of age the family removed to

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1983

the City of Richmond, that state, where he attended school until he had attained to the age of thirteen years. The family then returned to Prince Edward County and located at Farmville, the county seat, where he attended school for two years. In 1882 the doctor entered fine old Hampden-Sidney College, Virginia, where he continued the pursuit of higher acedemic studies until 1886. In the autumn of that year he was matriculated in the medical department of the historic University of Virginia, at Charlottesville, in which he was graduated, in 1888, with the degree of Doctor of Medicine, besides having had the distinction of being historian of his class. In the following autumn he was appointed assistant demonstrator of anatomy in his alma mater, and of this position he continued the incumbent until April, 1889, when he went to the City of New York, where he completed a one year's post graduate course in the College of Physicians and Surgeons, representing the medical department of Columbia University, In the national metropolis he gained also valuable clinical experience, through interne service in the Roose velt and Chambers Street hospitals and through his association, as assistant resident physician, with the Willard-Parker Hospital, devoted to the treat ment of contagious diseases. Thereafter he served a year at the clinic of Vanderbilt Hospital in New York, and later he became a private student under the preeeptorship of Dr. George T. Elliott, the eminent dermatologist.
Insistent ambition prompted Doctor Wolff to acquire still further pre liminary discipline, and in May, 1892, he went to Europe, where he availed himself of the privileges of leading hospitals in Germany and England and where for a time he was assistant to Dr. P. G. Unna, recognized as the most eminent dermatologist in the world. In March, 1893, he went to the City of Paris, where he further qualified himself through the experience gained in the celebrated Hospital of St. Louis, under such distinguished physicians and surgeons as Besnier, Hallopeau, Fournier and Vidal.
In June, 1893, Doctor Wolff embarked for the return voyage to his native land and soon after his arrival he established his home in the City of Atlanta, where he has since continued in the successful practice of his profession and where he concentrates his professional abilities and energies as a specialist in the treatment of the diseases of the skin, in which he is a recognized authority. He is professor of dermatology in the Atlanta Medical College, and has been the incumbent of this chair since 1908, besides which he formerly lectured on dermatology in the Southern Medical College, another of the prominent in stitutions of Atlanta. He is official dermatologist to the Grady Hospital and the Atlanta Hospital; was secretary of the Georgia State Commission on Tuberculosis in 1906; was president of the Fulton County Medical Society in 1902; and has served for fifteen years as editor of the Southern Medical Record and its successor, the Atlanta Journal-Record of Medicine. The doctor is a valued member of the Georgia Medical Association, was formerly identified with the New York State Medical Society and the Harlem Medical Association of that state; is a fellow of the Virginia State Medical Society; and holds membership in the American Medical Association and the Southern Medical Society.
Doctor Wolff has made many valuable contributions to the standard and periodical literature of his profession, including monographs and varied technical papers, and is the author of a valuable textbook for the use of students and practitioners of medicine, the same having been issued in 1906 and being entitled "Practical Dermatology." In 1909 and 1910 he served as president of the Atlanta Board of Health.
Aside from his many and distinguished professional affiliations and serv ices. Doctor "Wolff is identified with the National Scotch-Irish Society, the Society of the Sons of the American Revolution, the Capital City Club and the University Club, both of Atlanta. He holds membership in the Presby-
Tol. IV-10

1984

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

terian Church.and in politics he pays unequivocal allegiance to the democratic party.
Maj. Bernard Likens Wolff, father of the doctor, was likewise a native of Virginia, where he was a successful planter and where he died soon after the close of the Civil war. In this great conflict he served the Confederate cause as a member of the military staff of Gen. W. N. Pendleton, with the rank of major. He was a son of Christian D. Wolff, who likewise was a native of Virginia, where the family was founded in the colonial days, the original American progenitor having been John George Wolff, who came from the Rhenish Palitinate of Germany to America in 1730. The maiden name of the mother of Doctor Wolff was Eliza Preston Benton McDowell, and she was a daughter of Hon. James McDowell, who served with distinction as governor of Virginia, and was a descendant of Ephraim McDowell and John Preston, both of whom emigrated from Londonderry, Ireland, in 1727, and estab lished their residence in Virginia. Gen. William Campbell, great-great grandfather of Doctor Wolff in the maternal line, was a native of Augusta County, Virginia; married Miss Elizabeth Henry, a sister of the great patriot, Patrick Henry; served as brigadier general of Continental troops in the War of the Revolution, in which he was in command of the patriot forces in the historic battle of King's Mountain. The genealogical record of Doctor Wolff is one of most interesting order and one in which he may well take pride. Apropos of this statement it may further be said that he is a great-nephew of Thomas H. Benton, of Gen. Wade Hampton, of William C. Preston, and of John* B. Floyd, who served as secretary of war under; President Buchanan all of these names being conspicuous and distinguished in the annals of American history.
On the 18th of October, 1894, was solemnized the marriage of Doctor Wolff to Miss Marian Hillyer, daughter of Judge George Hillyer, of Atlanta, and the names of the three children of this union are here indicated, with respective dates of birth: Ellen McDowell, August 7, 1895; Marian Hillyer, November 28, 1907; and Bernard Preston, June 15, 1909.
BRYAN MORELL THOMAS. The late Brig.-Gen. Bryan M. Thomas was one of Georgia's brilliant soldiers, coming of prominent Revolutionary stock. Born near Milledgeville, on May 8, 1836, he entered the Oglethorpe Univer sity a famous school of that day, and was in the junior year, when in 1854 he was tendered an appointment at West Point, from which he was graduated in 1858. He was commissioned second lieutenant and assigned to Company A, Fifth United States Infantry. His first service was under Gen. Albert Sidney Johnston in the Utah campaign against the Mormons. He was then under General Canby in his expedition against the Indians in 1859-60. Dur ing the Navajo campaign (March 1860-61) he was in command of his com pany and saw his first military service in the campaign against the Indians in New Mexico and Utah. When Georgia seceded, he forwarded his resignation to th.e War Department in April, 1861, and returned home. He tendered his services to the new government; was first commissioned lieutenant and as signed to duty as drill master. From there he was attached to the staff of Brig.-Gen. J. M. Withers. He was engaged in the battles of Shiloh and Cor inth; served through the. Tennessee and Kentucky campaigns of 1862; and participated in the battles of Mumfordsville, Perryville, Murfreesboro arid Chickamauga. In the meantime, he had been promoted to the rank of major, and was with General Withers in Alabama, when General Polk recommended that he be appointed colonel and assigned to the cavalry brigade of General Clanton. On August 14, 1864, he was commissioned brigadier-general, and was given a brigade of Alabama reserves consisting of the First, Second and Third Alabama reserves, afterwards known as the Sixty-first, Sixty-second and Sixty-third Alabama regiments. To this was attached the Seventh Alabama

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1985

Cavalry, Abbey's Mississippi battery, Wade's Louisiana battery, and Winston's Tennessee battery. He was assigned to the Gulf Coast country and served for the remainder of the war in the department commanded by Gen. Dabney H. Maury and Gen. Richard Taylor. He participated in the defense of Spanish Fort and Blakely; and in one of the very last engage ments of the war, April 9, 1865, in an, effort to protect the eastern defenses of Mobile, he was taken prisoner and confined as prisoner of war at Dauphin Island until the latter part of June, when he was released and returned home.
General Thomas first engaged in planting in Dooly County, Georgia, but his military training had not fitted him for that sort of life, and in 1881 he settled in Whitfield County and was appointed by General Longstreet United States deputy marshal for the northern district of Georgia. He held that position three years, and then established a private school, which he con ducted several years. In 1891 he was appointed superintendent of public schools at Dalton, which position he held until his death on July 16, 1905.

REV. W. C. BASS, D. D., was born in Augusta, Georgia, on January 13, 1831, and died in Macon, Georgia, on November 15, 1891 Though a minister of the gospel and an active preacher, his life work was in the school room, and in his thirty-five years of connection with the Wesleyan Female College
of Macon, he rendered to the state a service which will be producing fruit for generations to come.
Doctor Bass was educated at Cokesbury, South Carolina, and at Emory College, Oxford, Georgia, and was graduated from the latter named institu tion in 1852. He went to Greensboro, Georgia, as an assistant to Dr. C. W. Smith in the Greensboro School for Boys, and there was laid the foundation of that beautiful friendship between these two men, both then young, which continued for life. After one year, Doctor Smith was! elected a professor in Wesleyan Female College, and Mr. Bass was left as principal of the school, which position he retained for tw:o years. He was then elected to the chair of natural science in the Madison Female College, Madison, Georgia. He had been there but one year when he had an invitation to become professor of natural science in Wesleyan Female College at Macon. This he declined
because of his conviction that it would not be just to the people at Madison. So he remained with them until at the close of his fifth year he was tendered the position in Wesleyan and accepted. The remaining thirty-five years of his life were spent with Wesleyan. He filled the chair of natural science until 1874, when he was elected president, as successor of Dr. E. H. Myers. 'In the meantime, his lifelong friend, Dr. Cosby W. Smith, had been professor of mathematics at Wesleyan; and they associated themselves together in the lease of the school. This partnership continued until the sudden death of Doctor Smith in 1888, when Doctor Bass became sole lessee. Naturally it shared in the misfortunes of the southern people and had a hard struggle for existence. It w'as indeed fortunate for the school that in those hard years, a man of Doctor Bass' ability was put at the head of it. During his adminis tration, George I. Seney, a generous hearted man of New York City, made a donation of $125,000, which made possible the rebuilding of the college on lines commensurate with its needs. There was no endowment. The country was poor, and yet Doctor Bass brought the school up to an average attend ance of 250, which was indeed a most remarkable showing.
Doctor Bass is entitled to a more specific mention of his preaching work. For twenty years he maintained a monthly appointment at Swift Creek; had another at Bass (both founded by himself, and one of them called by his name), and maintained another monthly appointment for thirty-five years in Damascus. Though never actually in the itinerant work, he was from 1867 to the end of life a continuous member of the South Georgia Confer
ence, being regularly appointed year after year to the college. During the

1

1986

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

last two years of Ms life his health was feeble, but he stood at his post until June, 1894, when he gave up his'position, moved to the home of his son-inlaw, R. F. Burden, and died a few months later.

THOMAS J. HIGHTOWEE. The manufacturing interests of a city like At lanta, with its rich outlying territory, are of the utmost importance as a means of general prosperity and those concerns that are ably financed and carefully and intelligently directed, are as building stones in constructing for her greater future. In this connection readily comes to mind the Hightower Box & Tank Company, of which Thomas J. Hightower of Atlanta, is president and manager as well as main owner,
Thomas J. Hightower was born in Cherokee County, Georgia, January 20, 1860, and is a son of Thomas J. and Eliza E. (Henderson) Hightower, the former of whom survives, being now in his eighty-sixth year, and is one of Atlanta's most esteemed citizens. The latter died in 1886 at the age of fifty years. During the war between the states Captain Hightower was active in military affairs and during the siege of Atlanta his wife and children resided in the northern part of the state. The family consisted of seven sons and one daughter: Milton H., who is a resident of Hogansville, Georgia; and Alien R., Harry H., Thomas J., John B., Albert S. and Mark, all of-. whom are residents of Atlanta; and Ida Ruth, who is the wife of Charles A. Sisoon, also of Atlanta. Although the father of the above family has reached beyond the psalmist's allotted term, he is yet as vigorous and active as a man one-half his years, and he takes justifiable pride in the fact that all his chil dren show in both physical and mental health that they came from virile stock.
After the return of the family to Atlanta, Thomas J. Hightower attended the city schools and later the Virginia Military Institute, at Lexington, Vir ginia. When the time came to select a future path he chose a business career and for fourteen years he engaged in the retail drug business. This long experience served to make him an expert pharmacist. Close confinement became irksome and in 1891 he took charge of the Hightower Box & Tank Company, with which he has been identified ever since, in which as indicated above, he is financially concerned and of which he is president and manager. This is one of Atlanta's large and prosperous industries and under normal business conditions, over 100 men are employed in the plant. Mr. Hightower has shown himself an able and farsighted business man and recognition of his business capacity as well as of'other qualifications, led- to his election in the fall of 1914 as a member of the board of county commissioners, for a term of four years. The elements which contribute to a man's success in his own business, go far to bring about like results when applied, as they are by Mr. Hightower, to the business of the public.
Mr. Hightower was married June 7, 1905, to Miss, Georgia Broughton Hays, of Louisville, Kentucky. Personal beauty of a high order belongs to Mrs, Hightower and at one time, in a beauty c&ntest she was awarded a prize, with' five others, for being one of the most beautiful young women in the entire State of Kentucky. Her mother likewise, Georgia Broughton, daughter of Colonel Broughton, a railroad contractor residing at Lagrange, Georgia, was, in her day, accorded the same token of public admiration. The South has been noted for its beautiful women for many years and to be selected as superior types indicates that Nature has been unusually generous in bestow ing grace and charm. Five sons have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Hightower, the four survivors being: William H., Robert E., George B. and Harry H. The eldest born, Thomas J. Ill, died at the age of five years.
In politics Mr. Hightower is a democrat. He takes a good citizen's interest in all local matters and is a leading factor in the Atlanta Chamber of Com merce, and he belongs also to the Capital City Club. Both he and wife are members of the Episcopal Church. The pleasant social life of the city finds

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1987

them interested and ever ready to contribute in the circle in which they
belong.
J REV. RICHARD ORME FLINN, D. D. Personally distinguished through intellectual achievements and through long continued and strengthening efforts in the ministry, Dr. Richard Orme Flinn, pastor of the North Avenue Presbyterian Church of Atlanta, may .also lay claim to a noble heritage in a notable ancestry. 'Doctor Flinn was born August 8, 1870, in the old Orme residence, at Milledgeville, Georgia, the only child of his parents, Rev. William
and Mary (Orme) Flinn. The Flinn family is of Scotch-Irish origin and even before1 the American
Revolution members of this family were found in North Carolina and in other states they became known through their intellectual achievements and their substantial characters. Many have been prominent figures in the Pres byterian Church. Rev. Dr. Andrew Flinn, a son of John and Hannah (Moore) Flinn, was the first honor man in the first class that graduated from, the University of North Carolina, in 1799 was moderator of the Presbyterian General Assembly at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and became the first pastor of the Second Presbyterian Church of Charleston, South Carolina. Another son of John and Hannah (Moore) Flinn, was Joseph Flinn, who was an elder in the Rocky River Church, Cabarrus County, North Carolina, and two elders of this church, Adam Alexander and Robert Query, were signers of the Mecklenberg Declaration of Independence, May 20,1775. Rev. Andrew Flinn con tinued pastor of the "Old Flinn Church" at Charleston until his death and his remains were interred within its walls, his ashes resting beneath the cen ter aisle before the pulpit.
Rev. William Flinn, D. D., father of Rev. Richard Orme Flinn, was a son of Rev. Joseph Flinn and was born in Cabarrus County, North Carolina, Jan uary 20, 1818. Early in life he united with the Rocky River Church and while yet a youth entered Davidson College, in which institution he was the first honor man, graduating as valedictorian in 1840, in the first graduating class. For three years he was a student in the Presbyterian Theological Semi nary at Columbia, South Carolina, and was licensed Jo preach in 1844. He occupied many positions of trust and responsibility during his forty-eight years of active service in the ministry, serving as pastor at Demopolis, Ala bama, Milledgeville, Georgia, New Orleans, Louisiana and Mobile, Alabama, and was a professor and vice chancellor of the Southwestern Presbyterian Uni versity. During the entire four years of the war between the states, he served as chaplain in the army in Virginia and Georgia, during which time he was closely associated with Gen. T. R. Cobb and subsequently with Gen. Howell Cobb.
On November 2, 1869, Rev. William Flinn was united in marriage with Mary Orme. She was born at Milledgeville, Georgia, February 6, 1844, and died in Virginia, August 8, 1871, on the first anniversary of the birth of her only child. She was noted for her beauty, piety and charity.
On the maternal side Dr. Richard Orme Flinn comes of original English stock and through marriage, from one of the historic families of America. His maternal grandfather, Richard Orme, was of a prominent Georgia family in the early annals of the state, a large planter and was editor of the old Southern Recorder, when Milledgeville was the capital of Georgia. The mater nal grandmother of Doctor Flinn was Abigail Adams, of the Adamses of Massa chusetts, who gave two presidents; to the United States. In Doctor Flinn's, branch of the family were noted ministers and educators. His great-grand father, Dr. John Adams, was principal of Phillips Academy, Andover, Massachusetts, and his great-uncle, Rev. William Adams, D. D., was the first pastor of the Madison Square Presbyterian Church, New York City, and after wards was president of Union Theological Seminary, New York. The maternal

1988

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

grandmother grew through childhood in the same circle as did the noted Beecher family and she was a playmate of Rev. Henry "Ward Beecher and his noted sister, Mrs. Harriet Beecher Stowe.
Another member of his family whom Doctor Flinn may recall with pride was the late Rev. J. "William Flinn, D. D., a cousin, who was chaplain and pro fessor of philosophy in the South Carolina College, at Columbia.
Richard Orme Flinn passed his early life as his father's constant com panion, the latter spending the first ten years after the death of his young wife, at New Orleans, removing later as his responsibilities domanded, to Clarksville, Tennessee, and to Mobile, Alabama. The father's study was the child's chosen playroom and there he learned his first lessons and absorbed considerable knowledge also from his father's visitors as they discussed serious aspects of the military struggle that was over and talked also of the deep things of life that ministers of the gospel, when together are apt to ponder over and to ask and give explanation and interpretation to each other. Deep impres sions were made on the youthful mind. His father was very hospitable and many of the leading men of the South gathered at times around his board, and young Richard, from his place by his father's side often profited by the inspir ing things he heard related. He attended the public schools as he grew older, then Tole's Academy, the Mobile High School and Richardson's Military School, in Alabama.
In his sixteenth year Richard 0. Flinn entered the Southwestern Presby terian University of Clarksville, Tennessee, where he pursued his studies for four years, with the ambition of taking an A. M. degree, but his father's fail ing health made it necessary to leave school before accomplishing it. He then entered a business house at Macon, Georgia, but shortly afterward found it possible to resume his studies and then entered the. theological seminary at Columbia, South Carolina. While there he was president of the historic mis sionary society of the seminary and while at the Southwestern University he was a member of the Washington Irving Literary Society, a charter member and one of the first presidents of the Palmer Society and a member of the Theta Chapter of the P. K. A. fraternity. After his first year in the seminary, by provisional license he spent his vacation of 1892 in preaching at Roehelle, Hawkinsville and Eastman, in the turpentine and lumber camps of the then newly opened section of the South Georgia flatwoods. During his second year in the seminary he was licensed to preach by Harmony Presbytery, Wedgefield, South Carolina, April 7,1894, at which time he began regular work, min istering to the churches in territories adjacent to the seminary while he con tinued his studies and thus served Hepzibah, Hebron and Tirzah churches in Sumter County, and Richland Church in Richland County. The first sermon he ever preached was in the Colored Presbyterian Church of Columbia, South Carolina, which was an evangelistic appeal, to the congregation,, his text being "No man can come to Me except the Father which sent Me draw him.''
In the spring of 1894, at the conclusion of his seminary course, Doctor
Flinn accepted the call to the Kirkwood Church and was licensed to preach
at a meeting of the Atlanta Presbytery at Rock Springs, and his pastorate at
Kirkwood continued until 1898, when, in response to an urgent appeal he was
transferred to the Macon Presbytery in order to undertake the work of estab
lishing Presbyterianism in the newly opened country in the pine belt. For six
months he labored at Cordele and in the fall of 1898 he was called to assist
the late Doctor Barnett in the First Church, Atlanta. On the day that Doctor Flinn assumed his duties, Doctor Barnett died and thus Doctor Flinn was left
in full charge. About this time arose a movement to organize a new church
in North Atlanta and after having the officials of both churches tender him
the pastorate he accepted the duties in the new colony and on January 1,
1899, began his work as pastor of the North Avenue Presbyterian Church
where he has ever since remained. As one of the special incidents of his life

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1989

may be named his uniting with the Jackson Street Presbyterian Church on
December 2,1883, of which his father was then pastor.
Doctor Flinn during his years in the ministry has been the recipient of
many tokens of honor, appreciation and esteem. The degree of Doctor of
Divinity was bestowed many years since. He was elected representative to the Pan-Presbyterian Council that met at Glasgow, England, in 1896 and was
the moderator of both Presbytery and Synod. He is a member of the General Assembly's Committee on Home Missions and chairman of its sub-committee
on Evangelism; is chairman of the Synodical Committee on Evangelism; is a
member of the executive committee of the Commission on Evangelism of the Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America; is a trustee of the
Thornwell Orphanage at Clinton, South Carolina, and is also a trustee of
the Donald Fraser High School, of Decatur, Georgia. He has been actively
identified with much of the larger work of the church and was a member of the
assemblies that met at Savannah, Georgia, and at Lewisburg, West Virginia,
and, in fact, for the last seven years has been closely connected with the'im portant measures of the General Assembly. From the time of its institution
and for two consecutive terms he was secretary of the Systematic Beneficence
Committee of the Assembly, and in this office his work was invaluable. Doctor Flinn was, additionally, a member and vice chairman of the Assembly's cam
paign committee on Evangelism and Stewardship and is chairman of the sub
committee on Evangelism of the Assembly's Campaign Committee on Home Mis
sions. With Dr. L. G. Broughton, of London, England, he was officially asso ciated in the directorship of the Atlanta Bible Conference, an interdenomina tional organization. In May, 1912, Doctor Flinn was host to the General
Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in the United States, which met at his
church, and at the same time three other assemblies met simultaneously by invitation in the City of Atlanta, and Doctor Flinn was made chairman of
the joint committee that prepared the program of the popular meetings of the
four assemblies.'
In mentioning the special features of the ministry of Doctor Flinn, the
following facts may be noted. He was instrumental in building the edifice of Hebron Church in South Carolina, in the early days of his ministry. At Kirkwood he was the first pastor and organized the forces of a congregation
which has always maintained a hign order of efficiency. While there he was a member of the household of the late Gen. John B. Gordon, whom he installed
as one of the elders in the Kirkwood Church. The record of his brief pastorate at Cordele showed a church building and furnishings left without debt. In the North Avenue Church at Atlanta, history has been repeated. This was organized with 116 members and with no church funds on harid. By 1908 the
enrollment had grown to 796, and at the present writing (1916) the member
ship is 1,328 and the church is considered one of the most important in the entire denomination. Doctor Flinn's ministry has carried his name to distant
parts. He has devoted much time to evangelistic work and has traveled exten
sively both in America and abroad on these journeys he has taken photographs which have been developed into lantern slides and used in travel lectures.
The duties of his large pastorate fyave so largely engrossed him that he has not found much leisure for purely literary work, nevertheless there are a
number of magazine articles, pamphlets, essays and poems to his credit. For over a year he furnished a Saturday evening sermon for the Atlanta Georgian.
On March 8,1898, Doctor Flinn was united in marriage with Anna Emery, who is a daughter of Henry F. and Elizabeth (Branham) Emery, the former
of Kirkwood and the latter of Oxford, Georgia. Doctor and Mrs. Flinn have
had five children: Emery, Mary Orme, Richard Orme, Jr., Elizabeth Flurnoy and William Adams, all of whom survive except Mary Orme.

HON. WILLIAM EVERARD HAMILTON SEARCY. Probably no state in the
Union in proportion to its population is better provided than Georgia with men of marked ability, high moral character and public spirit. A prominent

1990

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

example of this class is Col. William E. H. Searcy of Griffin the Confederate soldier, ex-state senator, editor, lawyer, and for over thirty years the official reporter of the Flint Circuit Court.
Colonel Searcy was born in Monroe County, Georgia, March 3, 1847, a son of Daniel Bartlett and Camilla (Thweatt) Searcy. His father was a well known physician and planter. Four children blessed this union, namely: James T., who married Sarah V. Green; Fannie M.,.who married Abner TV Holt: William E. H., of this review, who married Eugenia P. Rogers;
and S. C. A. Searcy, who married B. F. Davis, first, and at his death L. 0. Hollis. The children of these families have intermarried with the best families of the state. The grandfather of Colonel Searcy, the Hon. William Searcy, of Milledgeville, Georgia, and later of Talbot County, Georgia, served several times in the Legislature of the state, and by appointment of Governor Troupe conducted the distribution of the lands obtained from the Indians by the state among the citizens of Georgia. This distribution was done by lottery all tax payers' names being placed in one wheel and the numbers of the various land lots in another wheel. The drawings" were made by his sons, John S. and William H., and the result announced to the public by William Searcy all being done in full view of the people who were assembled in front in multitudes. This was a delicate and important position, reflecting great confidence and requiring the greatest honor and fairness. Governor Troupe paid him the honor of saying he knew of no man in whom he would rather confide the important trust.
Colonel Searcy's great-grandfather, Daniel Searcy, of Johnson County, North Carolina, was a soldier of the Revolution his sword being kept in the family many years. His brothers Bartlett and Reuben, and perhaps John and Richard, were also soldiers, being the comrades and friends of Daniel Boone in the campaigns of Kentucky. 'At Boonville, Kentucky, on a monument erected to the memory of the pioneer soldiers of that state, the name of Bartlett Searcy is inscribed on the shaft.
The great-great-grandparents of Colonel Searcy were John Searcy, Jr., who was a member of the Colonial army in 1754, and his wife, Annis Searcy, being citizens of Granville County, North Carolina,
Colonel Searcy's great-great-great-grandparents were John and Phoebe Searcy, residents of Granville County, North Carolina, who came to America about the year 1728 from England, possibly Nottingham, where the records and tombstones of Widmerpool Church contain the names of Searcys promi nent in the church. The tradition of the family is that they came originally from Wales. This John and Phoebe Searcy are the parents of the Searcys of America, They had five sons: John, Jr., now represented by the person heading this article; William, now represented by Hon. W. W. Searcy, a lawyer and ex-representative of the Texas Legislature at Brenham, Texas; Bartlett, now represented by Hon. Charles Searcy, president of the Waco Banking Company of Waco, Kentucky, and also ex-state senator of Kentucky; Reuben Searcy, represented by Dr. J. T. Searcy, now superintendent of the State Asylum of Alabama; and Richard Searcy, whose posterity is unknown.
Colonel Searcy's maternal ancestors for three generations were named James Thweatt. One, his grandfather, who married Frances Flanders Moore, a daughter of Nancy Moore, and the latter a daughter of Martha Hughes Walton, resided in Monroe County, Georgia, was a surgeon in the War of 1812 with Great Britain, being stationed at Savannah, and also represented his county in the Legislature. This James Thweatt's father was James Thweatt of Sparta, Hancock County, Georgia, who married Eliza beth Peterson of Virginia, and the father of that James was James Thweatt of Petersburg, Virginia, who married Sarah Studevant of Virginia: The Thweatts intermarried with the Hamiltons, Mitchells, the Napiers, Reeces, Birdsongs, Kennons, Fluellens, Manlys, Bosses, Searcys, Germans, and other families of Georgia. Colonel Searcy's maternal grandmother was a descend-

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1991

ant of Jessee Hughes of the Huguenots of James River, Virginia, and also of Robert Walton, who came from England, in 1862, with William Penn, and afterwards settled in Virginia. Jessee Hughes' wife was Sallie Tarlton, a first cousin to the British General Tarlton, whose soldiers committed depredations upon her home because Jessee, her husband was a soldier of the Revolution. One of the indignities offered was to destroy her feather beds and pillows, giving their contents to the winds with great hilarity. Robert Walton had two sons, Robert, Jr., who married Sallie Hughes (daughter of Jessee), who became the mother of George Walton, who signed the Declara tion of Independence and afterwards became the governor of Georgia, and George Walton (brother of Robert, Jr.), who married Martha Hughes (also daughter of Jessee), from whom Colonel Searcy, sprang. The descendants of the Hugheses and Waltons, thus doubly related as children of brothers and sisters intermarried, moved to Georgia, and settled in and near Augusta, Georgia, and in Columbia County. George Walton's family history is already written. Colonel Searcy's branch intermarried with the Jenkins, the Forts, the Hammonds, the Wrights, the Bennings, the Moores, the Lainars, the Thweatts and other prominent families of Georgia.
Colonel Searcy's ancestors on all sides for generations have been Christian people, good citizens, ever ready to discharge all the duties of life. He him self was named for Everard Hamilton, his cousin, who was secretary of the State of Georgia, and a beloved citizen.
Colonel Searcy was given a liberal education, having attended Montpelier Farm School (the first scientific school of agriculture in Georgia), the Georgia Military Institute at Marietta, Bryant & Stratton's Commercial College at Nashville, Tennessee, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and the Columbian University at Washington, District of Columbia. His diversified education in agriculture, commerce, literature, law and military science has made him a citizen of versatile talents. Colonel Searcy was a soldier in the Confederate army, entering the Georgia Military Institute early in 1862 for military training.
While a student of the Georgia Military Institute the cadets were used in protecting the lines of railway that carried supplies to the Confederate armies of the East and West. They were taken out when occasion required for that purpose, and that was a good service to be rendered by a fourteenyear-old boy. Later the cadets joined the army of Joseph E. Johnston and served under his successor General Hood, and were also at the siege of Savannah under General Hardee. Entering the service regularly as orderly sergeant, Colonel Searcy fought in the ranks of his company and nearly at the close of the war was promoted to ordnance sergeant of the battalion. A later order making him sergeant major was not published only because of the surrender of General Johnston. Faithful as a soldier, he was working up, though still a youth, to higher positions of honor when the war closed.
After a two years' course in law, Colonel Searcy graduated with the title LL. B. from Columbian College (now George Washington University), in Washington, D. C. He was admitted to the bar in 1870 and practiced until his appointment as official court reporter of the Flint Circuit, which position he has held for over thirty years, with a short intermission on account of sickness. During his career he was also a journalist, having been editor in chief of the organ of the State Farmers' Alliance of Georgia when it had 80,000 members, and was vice president of that organizatipn. He has also been connected with other papers. He was the first to publish a temper ance paper in the state after the Civil war The Temperance Watchman. He was a leading spirit in the orders of Good Templars and United Friends of Temperance which pledged over 30,000 people in the state to the tem perance cause during the '70s. He has always been a warm prohibitionist, having never taken a drink of intoxicating liquor refusing the same even in'the army when it was gratuitously handed to the troops. .Colonel Searcy

1992

GEORGIA\ AND GEORGIANS

has also been a member of the church for forty-seven years, and a Sunday school worker over forty years, and is still faithful in serving these causes.
Colonel Searcy is the author of several books. One, "The Shorthand
Reporter," which teaches the art, has had a wide sale. Another, "The Short hand Court Reporter," giving his experiences in court for thirty years. Still another,'' The Way to the Kingdom," is a religious book for those seek ing a religious life. 'He has other books in manuscript unpublished for want of time due to his many official duties.
In 1913 Colonel Searcy was elected state senator and served in that capacity to the satisfaction of his constituents and the state for two years. He performed his duties with the ability and fidelity which have marked his
execution of every trust,
In 1869 Colonel Searcy was married to Eugenia Pauline Rogers, the daughter of Dr. A. C. and Mrs. Rebecca A. Rogers. She was born at Culloden, Monroe County, Georgia. Mrs. Searcy is a lady of culture and belongs to the distinguished families of Lanes and Lockets. Jessee Lane, her great
grandfather on her father's side, fought in the battles of Cowpens, King Mountain, Eutaw Springs and Guilford Court House, with his sons. From Jessee Lane has sprung many distinguished grandsons, among whom are Joseph Lane, governor of Oregon, and candidate for vice president of the United States in 1860, Governor Alfred Colquitt of Georgia, Governor David Swain of North Carolina., and Governor Henry Lane of Indiana, and Senator Lane of Alabama, and lieutenant-governor of North Carolina are also closely connected. His granddaughters were no less distinguished one being the
wife of Crawford Long, the discoverer of anesthesia, one the wife of Judge Ezzard of Atlanta, and another the wife of Judge Rice of Gainesville, and another the wife of Bishop Aticus Haygood, another the Georgia authoress, Loula Kendal Rogers. Her mother was a great-granddaughter of David Locket, a soldier of the Revolution.
Colonel Searcy and wife are the parents of only one son, William Everard Hamilton Searcy, Jr., born in 1872. After acquiring his elementary educa tion in the schools of Griffin, Georgia, this son attended Emory College in Georgia, now Emory University, and Columbian University in Washington, District of Columbia, and Emerson College in Boston. He practiced law in
Oklahoma for a few years, then returned to Griffin, where he has since been an active member of the bar. He has been elevated to the judgeship of the Flint Circuit Court, to which office he has recently been re-elected without opposition. Previous to his elevation to the bench he held the office of city attorney of Griffin many years, was registrar in bankruptcy,, also attor ney for the Southern Railroad and the City National Bank. He is now president of the public school board of the City of Griffin. Judge Searcy married Miss Alice Drake of Griffin, a lady of rare attainments and virtues, and a great-granddaughter to Col. Abraham Drake, a soldier of the Revolu tion. They are the parents of five children -. Henrietta Eugenia, Daniel Bartlett, Emory. William, William E. H. (third) and Alice Camilla.
Colonel Searcy and wife and Judge Searcy and his family are among the most esteemed and influential residents of Griffin, prominent members of the best society of the town, and also ready to give their valuable aid to every worthy cause.
The picture of Colonel Searcy accompanying this sketch was taken in his seventieth year. He is still "hale and hearty" performing all the active duties of life in church and state.

GEORGE A. VINSON, M. D. For more than twenty-five years Dr. George A. Vinson has been located in Atlanta, engaged in medical and surgical practice of such high quality that adjectives are unnecessary in referring to it. So well known are Doctor Vinson's offices in the Inman Building and so numerous and confident are his patients that his professional life needs no comment here. It

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1993

will therefore be of particular interest to note the main facts of his life and of his immediate family history. The Vinsons are a race of southerners, having been residents of Georgia since the middle of the nineteenth century and before that time a part of South Carolina's population. In Union District of that state lived Willis Vinson and his wife, Sarah Going Vinson; and there also lived Thomas Comer and his wife, nee Vance. In the former of the two homes a son was born on September 11, 1828, who was named Elijah H. Vinson; to the latter household, on January 21,1833, came a little daughter, Jane Comer. Both children were reared in Union District, and as they grew older, their childhood attachment developed into romance and Elijah Vinson and Jane
Comer were married. They later removed to Cherokee County, Georgia, where it was their good fortune to rear a large and exceptionally healthy family. Although the first child, a daughter named Araminta, did not survive infant ills, each of the succeeding six sons and four daughters is living today, three of the former being physicians. Mrs. Delia Foster resides in Milton County, Georgia; Dr. George A. Vinson, the special subject of this sketch, lives and practices in Atlanta, as does his brother, Dr. William D. Vinson; the third brother, Elijah C. Vinson, is a citizen of Culman County, Alabama; Mrs. Letha Broadwell lives in Roswell, Georgia; John P. Vinson is another of Atlanta's residents; Dr. Samuel L. Vinson practices in Nichols, Georgia; Mrs. Carrie Broadwell, like her sister Letha, lives in Roswell, their husbands being brothers; Mrs. Fannie Ramsey resides in Montgomery, Alabama; and Tulley Pierce Vinson is a citizen of Dallas, Texas. The father of this goodly family long since passed to his rest, leaving behind him an enviable record as a worthy man, a loyal Confederate soldier, a faithful husband and. father. The date of his death was May 3, 1887, his age at that time being fifty-nine years. Mrs. Vinson, rich in years and in the honor of her children and friends, died June 1, 1915, in the Atlanta home which she shared for so many years with
the doctor and his family. At the Woodstock home of the Vinsons in Cherokee County, occurred on
March 20, 1858, the birth of George A. Vinson, to whom this biographical review is dedicated. Ambition and mental acquisitiveness marked his per sonality from the first. In the quiet, healthful serenity of his father's farm, his life plans grew and unfolded from year to year. His earliest tutelage was that of the country schools of Cherokee County. From that stage of his edu cation he passed to the.high school located at a point known as Little River Camp Ground, near Woodstock. At the age of twenty he became a teacher in the public schools of his county and continued in that valuable service for three years. Such capacity for strenuous work had young George Vinson that he was able to combine with his teaching a definitely planned course of medical study. His first professional alma mater was Atlanta Medical College. His work in that school was followed by a course at the Southern Medical College, located in Atlanta. From the latter institution he was graduated as Doctor of Medicine, on March 3, 1881, taking second honors in a class of thirty-nine.
Doctor Vinson's first practice was established at Roswell, Georgia, where he remained -for seven years. In 1888 he pursued post-graduate courses in the New York Polyclinic. For two years thereafter he practiced at Marietta, Georgia. It was on January 1, 1891, that the doctor established his residence and superior professional status in the City of Atlanta. There he has -since remained, in successful practice and with a growing circle of loyal adherents. His work as a physician has now covered more than a third of a century of time and his reputation and influence have been correspondingly far-reaching. He was formerly a member of the faculty of the Women's Medical College of Atlanta an institution which does not now exist. On July 28,1916, he went
to the New York Polyclinic and took a special course in stomach diseases and
physical diagnosis.
At the beginning of his medical career Doctor Vinson's first marriage
was contracted. The first Mrs. Vinson was a daughter of Judge Givens W.

1994

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

Arnold, a former ordinary of Milton County. The date of the marriage of Doctor Vinson and Miss Lula Arnold was July 20, 1881. Mrs. Vinson died on July 27,1909. In the following year the doctor was again married. Miss Loretta G. Buchanan was an Atlanta lady and became Mrs. Yinson on March 19, 1910. The Vinsons are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, of which society Doctor Vinson for many years was steward. He is a member of the fraternal organization of Ancient Free and Accepted Masons. Politically he is a democrat, but has never been a candidate for'office. Though broad in his interests and social in his bearing, Doctor Vinson's attention is mainly
given to his home and his profession. Pre-eminently a physician, he well deserves the reputaton accorded him by his large clientele and equally wide circle of friends.

CLAUDE L. ASHLEY. Looking back to the days of colonial settlement in Georgia, the student of state history cannot fail to note the frequent recur rence of certain names, alone, and in connection with others through inter marriage or because mutually concerned in matters of public import. One of these old state names is that of Ashley, and another that of Dunham, both of these being well known at Atlanta, where resides a worthy representative who is found in the person of Claude L. Ashley, who at present is the leader of the city council.
Claude L. Ashley was born in Liberty County, Georgia, December 7, 1865, and is a son of Col. William P. M. and Fannie (Braisden) Dunham.
The Ashley family in America are direct descendants of William Lordawick Ashley, a native of England and evidently a man of station there in the days of Queen Anne, for it was that sovereign who gave him a grant of land situated in the new world, between the Ashley and Cooper rivers, near Charleston, South Carolina. In that section the Ashleys prospered and increased in numbers and importance and when the Revolutionary struggle came on, one Nathaniel Ashley was found in' the ranks as a soldier. Immedi ately after the close of the Revolutionary war, Lordawick Ashley, son of Nathaniel, removed from South Carolina to Georgia and settled in Telfair
County. William A. Ashley, a son of Lordawick Ashley, was the paternal grand
father of Claude L. Ashley. He was born in Telfair County, Georgia, in 1799, and was a planter and slaveholder. In 1821, at Princeton, New Jersey, he was married to Mary Jane Morford, and then located in Camden County, Georgia, where Mrs. Ashley died in 1830. She was born at Princeton, New Jersey, in 1800, and was the mother of two children: William P. M. and Catherine, the
latter becoming the wife of a Mr. Lang. William P. M. Ashley was born in Camden County, Georgia, May 14,1825,
and died in the same county January 2, 1888. At the opening of the war between the states he was, like many others, in affluent circumstances, and, as he believed the Confederate cause was right, he dedicated himself, his profes sional knowledge as a civil engineer, and a large part of his fortune, to the cause. Not content with this, he raised a company lor the state defense, which was known as the Altamaha Scouts, of which he became captain, and subse quently, as the war continued, he was called to still higher office, becoming colonel of the Third Georgia Volunteers and as such commanded his regiment at the dread Battle of Chickamauga. There he was so severely wounded that continued service in the field was no longer possible, therefore his professional knowledge was utilized in detail duty. At the close of the war he was with General Johnston's army in the surrender. There were many noble men of that period who in their course had pursued a path which seemed to them right and could never, under any circumstances, change their convictions, hence, at no time could they be brought to take the oath of allegiance. They had proved their faith in their convictions by fighting and suffering for them
and could not deny that faith.

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1995

Col. W. P. M. Ashley was united in marriage on February 14,1846, to Miss Fannie Baisden Dunham. She was born in Liberty County, Georgia, in 1826, and died at the home of her daughter, Mrs. Dunwoody Jones, at Atlanta, in 1897. Her parents were Rev. Dr. Jacob and Sarah (Baisden) Dunham, and many members of the Baisden family reside at Live Oak, Florida. Rev, Dr. Jacob Dunham was a minister in the Baptist Church. He- was a son of John and Sarah (Clancy) Dunham, both of whom were born in England and were brought to America in youth, crossing the ocean on the same vessel with General Oglethorpe, in 1733. After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Dunham settled at Eagle Neck, in Mclntosh County, Georgia, where George Dunham became a rice planter. His will, recorded in Book A, of the 'colonial records
of the state, shows him to have been a man of large estate, his possessions including lands and slaves.
To William P. M. Ashley and wife a family of eight children was born, but two of these surviving: Claude L., and Mrs, Dunwoody Jones, of Atlanta.
Claude L. Ashley attended the public schools in .Liberty County but has been a resident of Atlanta since 1888. He is a man of scholarly tastes and finds much pleasure in his library, his tastes in reading being largely along the line of history. He has shown much interest in local affairs, particularly in civic government and is now serving in his third year in the general city council, representing the Fourth Ward. In many ways and on many occasions he has displayed qualities of leadership in this body and his good judgment and good citizenship is universally recognized.
On October 27, 1892, Mr. Ashley was united in marriage with Miss Eliza beth Miller, a daughter of Capt. Hiram Miller, a veteran of the Federal army, who, during the war between the states, like the late Colonel Ashley of the Confederate army, was severely wounded at the Battle of Chickamauga. Mr. and Mrs. Ashley have one daughter, Margaret Elizabeth, who was born January 12, 1902. She is a precocious child and in her tastes promises to be literary, like her father showing a preference for history. Mr. Ashley and his family belong to the Methodist Episcopal Church. He has long been
identified with the Masonic fraternity.

LEMUEL P. GRANT, civil engineer, railroad promoter, and leading citizen of Atlanta, was a New1 England farmer's boy. He was born on his father's farm, August 11, 1817, in Frankfort, Maine, and went to school at irregular intervals until he was nineteen years of age. Then he took a position as rodman in the engineer corps of the Pennsylvania & Reading Railroad. J. Edgar Thompson, an old friend who had preceded him several years in coming South, was at that time chief engineer of the Georgia Railway Com pany. Needing the services of just such a man, he 'offered Grant a position. This was in 1840 when the road had just been completed to Madison, Georgia. As soon as it was determined to extend the road farther west Grant was entrusted with the duty of securing the. right-of-way to its western termination.
At that time there was no such place known on the map of Georgia as Atlanta, and the western terminus of the Georgia road was uncertain. The general opinion was that it would be Decatur, but there being such a decided opposition to the building of railroads in and around Decatur, that the good people decided that the railroad should not only stop there, but should not even enter its corporate limits; hence, another point, and really the most natural one, was the present location of Atlanta. In obtaining the right-ofway through lands from Decatur to this new point, Mr. Grant met great and decided opposition, in one instance the owner of the land declaring most positively that a road should not pass through his lands. After several days of ineffectual parleying with this man Mr. Grant decided to buy the man's land himself, thus accomplishing the desired end. Having laid aside a small amount from his earnings Mr. Grant paid him the sum asked for and he

1996

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

i
himself granted the right-of-way. Mr. Grant did not make this purchase for an investment. He did it solely to further the interest of the road and to save the little town, Terminus, from receiving a serious backset. In.after years he was one of the important factors in making Atlanta. Although he was moved to a nobler and holier purpose than that of mere gain in buying this lot the trade proved a most profitable one. To this original lot he added many purchases of land, and became the owner of a large landed estate, most of which now is known as South Atlanta.
Upon these possessions, near a fine cool spring, Colonel Grant built a magnificent residence. This spring is now the place of popular resort in Grant Park. For at least forty years there was only a winding narrow path leading to the spring. In 1882 he made to the City of Atlanta a splendid gift of 100 acres of this land,, and an ideal place in the southern corporate limits of the town, filled with natural springs and bubbling fountains, to be used in public perpetuity for the City of Atlanta.
Although honestly opposed to secession, after his adopted state went out of the Union Colonel Grant was very active on all occasions in behalf of the Southern cause. At the proper time he was put in charge of the defenses of Atlanta.
But Colonel Grant was, primarily, a railroad man. For many years he was superintendent of the Montgomery & West Point Railroad, resigning in 1848 to accept the presidency of the Georgia Railroad. Five years afterward he resigned his position to become the engineer and chief of the Atlanta & "West Point, this position allowing him to remain at home with his family, which place he held until the time of his death. He was one of the very first men to originate the Georgia Western, afterward known as the Georgia
Pacific, becoming an important link in the present grand Southern system. His death occurred January 11, 1893.

BRIG.-GEN. GEORGE T. ANDERSON was a native Georgian. Originally a planter, he entered the Mexican war from civil life and made during that conflict a good record as a soldier, being rated as a captain. His record in the Mexican war led to his appointment to a position in the regular army, in which he served for some years, but resigned several years before the Civil war and returned to Georgia, taking up the duties of civil life until 1861. When the Eleventh Georgia Regiment was organized in 1861 he was elected its colonel and went with the regiment to Virginia. During the seven days' battle around Richmond h,e was in command of a brigade consisting of the First Regulars, the Eighth, Ninth and Eleventh Georgia, being attached to Magruder's division, and served in that struggle with distinction. Still hold ing the rank of colonel he commanded this brigade through the battle of Second Manassas and the struggle at Sharpsburg. At Sharpsburg he con ducted himself with such gallantry and showed such skill in the management of his command that on the first of November, 1862, he was promoted brigadier-general, the duties of which position he had been performing for the greater part of the year. From that time on his brigade was everywhere in the thick of the struggle. It was in the action of Fredericksburg; but at the time the battle of Chancellorsville was fought was with Longstreet in Southeastern Virginia. In the desperate struggle for the possession of Round Top at Gettysburg on the afternoon of July 2,1863, Hood's division, to which Anderson's brigade was then attached, lost more than 2,000 officers and men, killed and wounded, and among the severely wounded were Generals Hood and Anderson. By the September following General Anderson was suffi ciently recovered to go with Longstreet to the assistance of Bragg in North Georgia, and after the investment of Chattanooga, with his brigade he marched , with Longstreet into East Tennessee and took part in the siege of Knoxville.' and the assault upon the Federal works. Here Anderson's brigade was again in the midst of desperate fighting and maintained its high reputation. In

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1997

the second day of the battle of the Wilderness Anderson's and three other brigades under Mahone attacked the Federal left wing in flank and rear and rolled it up in confusion toward the plank road, and then back upon the Brock road. At Spottsylvania, at Cold Harbor, and throughout the weary struggle around Richmond, Anderson's brigade was everywhere conspicuous. In the final campaign he was attached to Field's division of Longstreet's
corps. After the war General Anderson returned to Georgia and became local
freight agent of the Georgia Railroad at Atlanta. Later on, he was appointed chief of police for the City of Atlanta, and applying to the police force mili tary discipline, brought it to a high standard of efficiency. When he retired from this position he removed to Anniston, Alabama, where he held position of chief of police and was later made tax collecter of the county, which posi tion he was filling at the time of his death in 1906.

LLOYD CLEVELAND. Admitted to the bar in 1881, Lloyd Cleveland has for nearly thirty-five years found abundant opportunities for a successful pro fessional career at Griffin, and his reputation is second to none among the members of the bar of Spalding County.
Born in Griffin July 13, 1861, he is a son of James Rice and Mary H. (Beall) Cleveland. Both parents were born in Georgia, the father being of English and the mother of Scotch stock. His father was a dentist by profession.
Attending the common schools as a boy and later Mercer University of Macon, Lloyd Cleveland was graduated in July, 1880, and after continuing the study of law privately for a time, was admitted to the bar in 1881. Since then he has been constantly engaged in practice, and in addition to a large volume of private business is now serving as division counsel for the Central of Georgia Railroad Company. He also represents as attorney the Spalding County Merchants and Planters Bank and the Griffin Banking Company, and is a director in the latter. He is a member of both the Spalding County and the Georgia Bar associations.
Fraternally Mr. Cleveland is affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and is a Knight Templar Mason and Shriner. On November 9, 1886, he married Miss Maggie E. Thompson of Greenville, Georgia, and a native of this state. They are the parents of two sons. Phillip McLauren, the older, is now a young attorney associated with his father in practice. The second son is Alan, who is a student and also a practical young farmer.

EMMETT SAMUEL McDowELL, SR. Among the smaller cities of Georgia few, if any, can boast of a higher standard of citizenship, with respect to business enterprise, moral fibre and public spirit, than that of Griffin, in Spalding County. Among the prominent men of this thriving burg who have materially aided in establishing its reputation is Emmett Samuel McDowell, who for a number of years has been closely connected with public affairs and has proved himself at all times an active and useful citizen. Mr. McDowell first saw the light in Talbot County, this state, October 6, 1867, his parents being Telemachus Peter and Elizabeth (Freeman) McDowell. The father was a farmer and merchant who served in the Confederate army as a member of Colquitt's Brigade.
Emmett S. McDowell was educated in the public schools of his native county, and subsequently engaged in mercantile business in Harris County, where he remained for a number of years. In 1890 he established himself as a merchant in Griffin and was thus occupied for eighteen years. He then engaged in the fire insurance and general real estate business, which he still conducts with prosperous results. Since coming here he has identified himself closely with the life of the city and has been frequently called upon to serve

1998

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

in public office. In December, 1914, he was elected mayor pro tempore, while at the present time he is serving as alderman from the Fourth > Ward, a mem ber of the Finance Committee, member and chairman of the Police Committee, member of the Street Committee, and member and chairman of the Commit tee on Partitions. In all of these various activities he has shown a com mendable diligence and a fidelity to the trusts reposed in him -that have won for him in a high degree the confidence of his fellow citizens. This he has done not for public applause, but from a strong sense of duty founded upon a firm belief in the principles of sound morality and religion. As a member of the Presbyterian Church, he takes an active part in its good work and is now serving it in the office of deacon.
On November 27, 1890, Emmett S. McDowell was united in marriage with Amanda Day Ellis, of North Carolina. He and his wife are the parents of five children, who are receiving a sound moral and Christian training, namely: Gertrude Vivian, Elizabeth, Emmett Samuel, Jr., James Peter and Sarah Bay.

DR. WILLIAM HERBERT AUSTIN. The profession of medicine, one of the noblest to which a man can devote his talents, is at the same time one that makes large demands upon those who practice it. To be a successful physician and surgeon requires natural adaptability to the work, mental powers above the average, a strong constitution to stand the strain of overwork and broken sleep, and unwearying perseverance and application, not only to master the principles bf the science, but also to keep in touch with its rapid progress, which is one of its distinguishing features at the present day. For this last mentioned reason, and to attain a higher degree of efficiency, many prac titioners devote themselves exclusively to special branches of the healing art, thus having an advantage along those lines over the doctor who engages in general practice. To this class belongs William Herbert Austin, M. D., of Griffin, Spalding County, Georgia, who makes a specialty of treating diseases of the ear, eye, nose and throat. Doctor Austin was born in Tuscaloosa, Alabama, November 27,1875, his parents being Abraham and Bertha (Wolff) Austin. The father was a designer by profession, the family being well known and respected in that locality. The subject of this biography acquired his advanced literary education in the University of Maryland, which he quitted with a good record. He then entered the Atlanta Medical College, where, after pursuing the usual course of study, he was graduated in 1909. Subsequently he continued his medical studies in Chicago and New York, and also in Europe, visiting and working in various large schools and hospitals. After returning to his native land he established himself in Griffin, where he has since devoted himself to the special practice already mentioned. Having a thorough knowledge of his profession and a complete office equipment, and endowed, moreover, with a genial disposition and refined and courteous manners, he has been very successful and has a large and increasing practice. He is a member and secretary of the Spalding Medical Association, also of the State and American Medical associations, thus keeping in close touch with the advances made by his profession along the new lines constantly oponing out through modern discoveries. As a good citizen he has a large share of local pride and is keenly interested in the development and prosperity of the community in which he resides, cheerfully lending his aid and influence to the support of any worthy cause. He is affiliated with various fraternal societies, being a thirty-second degree Mason and Noble of the Mystic Shrine, also a member of the Odd Fellows, Red Men, and Benevolent and Protective
Order of Elks. *0n June 7, 1911, Doctor Austin was united in marriage with Daisy Cor
nelia Maynard, of Spalding County, Georgia, Their union has been blessed by two children: William Herbert, Jr., and Jack Larkin.

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1999

ELIJAH LEWIS CONNALLY, M. D. A lofty and conspicuous office building

in the center of Atlanta's business district is a monument to the career and

achievements of a citizen who for many years practiced medicine at Atlanta,

and since giving up his profession has kept himself a live and vital factor of

the community in many ways. Doctor Connally has well earned the distinc

tion associated with the classic phrase '' otium cum dignitate.'' He was quali

fied to practice medicine before the war, served with Georgia troops through

the great struggle between the North and the South, resumed practice fully

half a century ago, and for more than forty years has been a prominent and

useful resident of Atlanta.

Born May 6, 1837, in Floyd County, Georgia, he comes of a long line of

ancestors who severally and individually have been identified with the life and

affairs of several southern states. His great-grandfather was Thomas Con

nally, who was born in Virginia, was a recruiting officer in the Revolutionary

war, and by his marriage to Polly Price had eleven sons and five daughters.

From Virginia he moved to North Carolina, and impressed the influence of a

firm character upon many young people through his work as a teacher. The

college records show that he donated in November, 1792, 100 acres of land

for the founding of a university at Chapel Hill, now University of North

Carolina. About 1800 he transferred his residence to George, first locating

in Franklin County. Both he and his descendants made themselves factors

in the development of this state. Doctor Connally's grandfather, David

Connally, moved into that portion of PeKalb County that is now Fulton

County. He married Elizabeth Christian, a descendant of Thomas Christian,

who was one of the first settlers of the James River country in Virginia.

Doctor Connally's parents were Thomas "W. and Temperance (Peacock)

Connally. His mother belonged to a well-known Georgia family, her father

being Lewis Peacock. Thomas W. Connally located as a pioneer in Floyd

County when the Indians still claimed ownership to much of its land. When

his son, the doctor, was seven years of age the family removed to Fulton

County and he characterized himself not only by his ability in providing

for his family and home, but also as a public-spirited citizen. He was a

member' of the party convention which nominated Governor Joseph E. Brown

for the second time.

Beginning his education in the country schools, Doctor Connally prepared

for his profession in the Atlanta Medical College, where he was graduated

M. D. in 1859. Only a very brief opportunity was allowed him for private

practice before the war began. March 19, 1861, he was elected surgeon in

the volunteers commanded by Capt. George W. Lee. This command, with

four or five companies of Georgia and Mississippi troops, subsequently became

part of the First Confederate Regiment, under Col. John B. Villepigue, of

South Carolina. Doctor Connally, after examination, was commissioned

assistant surgeon in that regiment. He was first under fire on November 22

and 23, 1861, at Pensacola. He was afterwards successively at Mobile, Fort

Games, Fort Morgan and Spring Hill, engaged in hospital duty, and subse

quently at Albany, Georgia. In May, 1864, he was made chairman of the

Conscription Medical Examining Board of the Second Congressional District

of Georgia. He continued that work until early in 1865, and after that was

on duty at Macon'until the close of the war.

"When Doctor Connally began practice at Albany, Georgia, July 22,1865,

his total assets consisted only of a suit of Confederate gray and $1.50 in

cash. He interrupted his practice in Albany during 1868 in order to spend

five months in -New York hospitals, and in 1872 removed from Albany to

Atlanta, where he continued the work of his profession for a number of

years. ^ While in later years he has enjoyed freedom from the cares and

responsibilities of the active physician and has had many business interests

to employ his time, Doctor Connally still keeps posted on medical subiects

VVnoll. ITVV--1111

v

)

2000

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

and is regarded as one of the best-read men in general literature and history in his home city. Early in his practice at Atlanta he was made chairman of the first board of health of the city in 1874. He has long been a member of its chamber of commerce, and was also on the board of education for many years. As an old soldier he is a member of Camp No. 159 of the United Confederate Veterans, and has been exceedingly generous in assisting his more unfortunate comrades of the great war. He has been of great service to the cause of church and charity, has served as an official of the Second Baptist Church a number of years, is a trustee of the Theological Seminary at Louisville, and is a member of the Home Misison Board of the Southern Baptist Convention.
Doctor Connally was nlarried April 15, 1874, to Miss Mary Virginia Brown, daughter of Governor Joseph E. and Elizabeth (Gresham) Brown of Atlanta. Her father, Joseph E. Brown, to whose career as one of the fore most Georgians, a special sketch is devoted on other pages, was four times governor of Georgia, in addition to his distinguished services in the Legis lature and on- the bench, and gained fame as the "War Governor of Georgia." He was also eleven years a United States senator. Mrs. Connally is a sister of Joseph M. Brown, whose more recent service as governor of Georgia is fresh in the minds of the people. To the mariage of Doctor Connally and wife were born six children. Those still living are: Joseph Brown; Mary, Mrs. John S. Spalding; Thomas W.; Sally Brown, now Mrs. Hiram Warner Martin; and Frances, now Mrs. Hal F. Hentz, of Atlanta. For a number of years Doctor Connally lived in the historic Calhoun home at Atlanta, the place that was occupied by Col. James M. Calhoun while he was mayor of the city during the war and from whicn he went to surrender the city to Sherman. In 1887 Doctor Connally moved to a beautiful place in the west. end of Atlanta, known as "The Homestead," where the comforts of the city are combined with large and beautifully cultivated grounds. Doctor Con nally has made much of his opportunities to enjoy the pursuits of a country gentleman.
In the course of many years Doctor Connally has found many ways in which to exercise a worthy influence in the life and affairs of Atlanta. The culmination of this was the erection in 1915 on the southeast corner of White hall and Alabama streets, in the very heart of the retail district, of a modern steel fireproof office'building, five stories high, with both basement and subbasement. This building has been so planned and constructed that it may ultimately be increased to a sixteen-story building. The Connally Building, as it is known, not only adds to the facilities and space required in Atlanta's business district, but is also notable as an architectural contribution to th city's building plan. It is at once one of the most handsome and most valuable of Atlanta's many'office structures.

MAJ. JAMES HENRY SMITH. Among the men of note in any community there are some who attain distinction in one particular sphere of activity only, while others show a versatility of talent which makes them useful to their fellow men in various ways. To the latter class belongs James Henry Smith, of Griffin, Spalding County, who has won honorable success as merchant, banker, politician and soldier. Major Smith was born 'near Newnan, in Coweta County, Georgia, November 24, 1864, the son of James Cooper and Lucy Greenwood (Thurman) Smith, his father being a well known and prosperous merchant., After completing the usual course at the public schools he finished his literary education at Franklin Institute and the University of
Georgia, where he had a creditable record. He then began industrial life in the employ of cotton firms at West Point, this state, remaining there until 1890, at which time he came to Griffin. Here he found employment in the Merchants and Planters Bank as assistant cashier and was thus occupied for

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2001

three years, subsequently becoming cashier and vice president of the Savings Bank of Griffin. By this time he was recognized as a capable man of affairs and in 1899 was elected alderman from his ward, serving until 1912, This proved but a stepping-stone to a higher position, for in 1912 he was elected mayor of the city, being honored with a re-election in 1914, as an endorsement of his previous administration. In addition to his other activities he is vice president of the Griffin Grocery Company, a thriving concern which enjoys
a large and growing patronage. For a long time Major Smith has been deeply interested in military affairs. He was formerly a captain in the Fifth Regi ment and retired from that organization with the rank of lieutenant-colonel.
Later he became major of the Second Battalion, Second Regiment of Infantry, whence he derives his present title. As an officer he is efficient and soldierly, maintaining good discipline without harshness and ever ready to promote the good of the service. His efforts in this direction have been appreciated and he is well liked by the officers and men of his command. His fraternal affilia tions are with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks.
Major Smith married, in 1901, Miss Carrie Payne Atwater, of Thomaston, Georgia, and they are the parents of two children, Antoinette and James Henry, Jr. Few people in Griffin have a wider or better earned popularity
than Maj. James H. Smith. i
HON. CHARLES GARDNER MILLS. In reviewing the lives of representative citizens the biographer often finds it difficult to decide on the respective merits of those entitled to honorable mention and to award to each his due meed of praise. No hesitation, however, can arise in classing the subject of this memoir among those men of Georgia who, by ability, industry and in tegrity, have achieved a marked success in life and won a high place in public estimation. Judge Mills was born in Macon, Georgia, May 3, 1887, a son of Charles Gardner and Mary Elizabeth (Reid) Mills, the father being a cotton factor by occupation. He acquired his elementary education in the public schools of Griffin, subsequently attended the University of Georgia, at Athens, this state, and was graduated in law at Mercer University, Macon, Georgia, in 1909. Since then he has been engaged in general law practice in Griffin, being now a member of the well known firm of Mills & Gumming, which has a large and growing clientele. Both as a lawyer and as judge of the Criminal Court of Griffin he has shown a comprehensive grasp of the principles of jurisprudence which- indicates the trained legal mind, and has won the respect and esteem of the members of his profession generally. He served his third term as judge and in his second term was a member of the city executive committee, of which he is chairman. On July 13, 1915, he resigned as judge of the Criminal Court to accept the position of city attorney of Griffin, to which he was elected July 13,1915. He was also appointed referee in bankruptcy June 27, 1916, and elected on the county executive committee in December, 1915. Aside from his profession, he is interested as a director in the Farmers & Merchants Warehouse Company, and also operates a large plantation of 2,000 acres, requiring the use of thirty-five plows. This place, which has been in his family for four generations, is one of the finest ancestral estates in this locality, and, owing to the judge's care, presents a flourishing and attractive appearance.
On April 2, 1913, Judge Charles G. Mills was united in marriage to Rosa lind Blakely Mills, of Griffin. He and his wife are the parents of two children, Charles Gardner, Jr., and Rosalind Blakely. The Judge is a Free Mason of the York Rite and a Noble of the Mystic Shrine, belonging also to the Benevo lent and Protective Order of Elks, He and his family stand high in the regard of their neighbors and are prominent members of the best society of Griffin and the vicinity.

2002

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

HENDLEY VARNON KELL. Every community -is estimated largely by the men of worth it has produced, or who reside within its borders and contribute to its moral or material advancement. The City of Griffin, Georgia, can boast of a goodly number of capable, enterprising citizens of high moral integrity, among whom is Hendley V. Kell, president of the H. V. Kell Company and now holding the office of county commissioner. Mr. Kell was born in Spald-
ing County, Georgia, March 23, 1869, the son of John Mclntosh and Julia Blanche (Monroe) Kell. The father, who graduated at the Annapolis Naval Academy in 1843, was subsequently an officer in the United States navy, serving therein until 1861, when, on the breaking out of the war, he entered the Confederate navy as lieutenant. He saw service on the Sumpter and the famous privateer Alabama, and continued to fight for the Confederacy until its collapse, at which time he was an officer on the Richmond. On his return home he engaged in farming in Spalding County and was a well known and highly respected citizen. From 1886 until his death in 1899 he was adjutant-general of the state.
Hendley V. Kell acquired his literary education chiefly in the public schools, which he attended until 1887, then taking a course in the Alabama Polytechnical Institute, at Auburn, Oklahoma. For five years subsequently he was employed in the census office at Washington, D. C., after which, in 1895, he engaged in farming and has since continued in. that occupation. Other interests, however, have from time to time engaged a part of his time and attention. In 1900 he founded the H. V. Kell grocery house, and in 1904 organized, as a stock company, the H. V. Kell Company, of which he is president. His fellow citizens, recognizing his business ability, in 1911 elected
him county commissioner for a term of six years, and he is now serving as chairman of the board and has been since re-elected. As a live, up-to-date citizen, with a pride in local achievement, Mr. Kell has few superiors. Dili gent and conscientious, he puts his heart into every task that comes his way and is never satisfied until it has been well and efficiently accomplished. It is to men of this type that every thriving community owes such degree of progress and prosperity as it has attained.
In 1897 Mr. Kell was married at Auburn, Alabama, to Miss Caro Dowdell, of Auburn, Alabama. She died in 1900, and in 1907 Mr. Kell contracted a second marriage with Miss Evey Kenan, of Darien, Georgia. Of this union there is one child, Evey Livingston Kell. Mr. Kell is a member of the Protestant Episcopal Church, in which he was formerly junior warden and
is now vestryman.

BRIG.-GEN. ROBERT H. ANDERSON was a native Georgian, born in'Savan nah, October 1, 1835. His early education was obtained in the schools of his
native state, and at the age of eighteen he secured an appointment to the United States Military Academy at West Point, whence he graduated, in 1857, as brevet second-lieutenant of infantry. (In 1879 and 1887 he served as a member of the board of visitors of that institution.) In December, 1857, he was promoted second lieutenant of the Ninth Infantry. In 1857 and 1858 he was on duty at Fort Columbus, New York, and from 1858 to 1861 was stationed at the then far western frontier fort, Walla-Walla, in what is now the State of Washington. He was absent from duty on furlough when the troubles between the North and South culminated. In common with the
army officers of Southern birth, he believed that his paramount allegiance' was due to his state, and in consonance with this belief he resigned his position in the United States Army and offered his services to the Confederate Gov ernment. He was appointed first lieutenant of artillery, his commission dating from March 16, 1861. On June 30, 1862, he was made major of the First Battalion of Georgia Sharpshooters, still remaining on the Georgia coast. This command, with the help of its other officers, he brought to the

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2003

Highest state of discipline and efficiency. On January 20, 1863, he was pro moted colonel and placed in command of the troops stationed in and near Fort McAllister, which was attacked by Federal monitors, and General Anderson attracted general attention by his successful defenses, which demonstrated
that sand embankments were more than a match for a new revolving iron clads. General Beauregard in his official report to the War Department very highly commended the conduct of officers and men engaged in this affair. Colonel Andersen was then given command of the Fifth Cavalry, which was transferred to the Army of Tennessee and assigned to the brigade of Gen. "W. W. Alien, composed of the Georgia Cavalry regiments known as the Third, Eighth, Tenth and Twelfth Confederate. Of this brigade, to which his regiment was added, Colonel Anderson was soon in command, and on July 26, 1864, was commissioned brigadier-general. This brigade, together with Dibrell's, composed Kelly's division, one of the very best of Wheeler's splendid cavalry corps, which made such a distinguished record in the Western Army, and General Anderson's brigade was attached to the West ern Army until the final surrender near Durham's Station, North Carolina,
April 26,1865. General Anderson returned to his native city and in 1867 was made chief
of police, holding that office at the time of his death, on February 8,1888.

JAMES OSGOOD ANDREW. In a log cabin, the home of a country school teacher, near Washington, Wilkes County, Georgia, the future bishop, James Osgoocl Andrew, was born on May 3, 1794. His mother was a lady of great refinement and good education for those times, and had been brought up in a home where there was abundance. She, like her husband, was a devoted Christian, and as James was her oldest son she gave much care to his early training. Circumstances became narrower in the little family as the years went on, and so much depended on the oldest boy that his life was one of toil and privation. His father taught him to read and write and the princi
ples of grammar and arithmetic. While he was but a boy he joined the church, and when he was eighteen,
with his father's full consent, he joined the South Carolina Conference (which then covered Georgia) as an itinerant preacher. His parents equipped him as best they could, and in 1812 he went as a junior preacher on a low country circuit in South Carolina. Afterward he was put in charg'e of a large circuit in Eastern North Carolina, and later on a circuit in Georgia. He lived in log cabins, preached every day, had few books, but studied them well, and rapidly grew in favor as a preacher. He was sent to the largest city in the southern section Charleston. Here, to the dismay of his older brethren in the min istry, he married a lovely and portionless orphan girl, Miss Amelia McFarland. Her father had been a Scotch sea captain. Her mother was a saintly American woman of Gernuan descent.
The limits of this space forbid any very extensive account of Bishop Andrew's career as a preacher in charge of stations, circuits and districts. He soon became one of the leaders in his conference. He was eloquent, intel ligent, sensible and profoundly pious and, while a young man, was selected by his brethren as a member of the General Conference. He had removed to Georgia and was stationed at Augusta when he was chosen for the third time to the General Conference. He was decidedly a conservative, and was recog nized by the conservatives as a wise leader. When a bishop was to be selected to his great astonishment and dismay, while a cultured college man of posi tion and wealth was chosen as one of two t bishops he was selected as the other.
In 1832 he began his episcopal labors and at the division of the church on the slavery question, many years afterward, Bishops Soule and Andrew were made associates. From that time until 1866, for more than twenty

2004

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

years, there was. no relief from the heavy toils and the weighty cares of his office. The Civil war came on with all its horrors. While he had always been a conservative, he was no less a warm Southerner. He took no part in the contest personally, but sympathized very warmly with his own people. He retired from the bishopric in 1866 and died March 1, 1871.

MARCUS FINDLEY CARSON, M. D. To attain high rank among the members

of a notable but exacting profession like that of medicine is not possible to

everyone, but depends upon the possession of certain special qualities, includ

ing strong mentality, a high degree of industry and perseverance and a native

adaptability to the healing art, supported by a strong and vigorous constitu

tion. That these qualifications are possessed by the subject of this memoir

may be inferred from his present position as one of the leading and most

popular physicians and surgeons of Griffin, Georgia, a city large enough to

furnish plenty of competition along professional lines, as in others. Doctor

Carson was born at Holly Springs, Marshall County, Mississippi, on June

29, 1873. His parents were George Lupkin and Georgiana (Westbrook)

Carson, the father being a well known citizen of that place, engaged in the

insurance andy real estate business. In 1882 the family removed to Gaines-

ville, Hall County, Georgia, where young Carson, then a boy of nine years,

attended the public schools for the usual period. A few years subsequently

he attended the University of Georgia for two years, He then spent two years

in Bellevue Medical College, New York, in the study of his chosen profession.

The knowledge thus gained was supplemented by a course at Tulane Uni

versity, at New Orleans, Louisiana, where he was graduated from the medical

department in 1894: In the same year he came to Griffin and established him

self here as a physician. He had made a good beginning but, feeling the

desirability of a more practical acquaintance with every branch of his profes

sion, so necessary to the general practitioner, and also wishing to study Euro

pean methods of treatment, he went to London, England, where he spent a

year in Guy's Hospital. Then returning home, he resumed general practice

in Griffin, where he has since remained, having achieved a pronounced suc

cess. His ability is widely recognized, both by his professional brethren and

by the general public, and his popularity is enhanced by his record as a useful

and public spirited citizen. At various times he has served with credit in

public office. For two years he was city physician and for the same length of

time county physician, and for a number of years he has been a member of the

board of health, serving six years as chairman. At the present time he is an

efficient member of the board of education and trustee of the Tuberculosis

Hospital. He is a member of the county, state, and American medical

associations, and is fraternally affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective

Order of Elks.

..'.j:l;-4

Doctor Carson was married in June, 1905, to Jaconia Mills, of Griffin,

Georgia, and he and his wife are the parents of three children, Marcus Findley,

Jr., George L. and Thomas Mills. The family are affiliated religiously with the

Presbyterian Church, in which the doctor holds the office of deacon. As a

relaxation from the duties of his profession, Doctor Carson spends a part of

his time in the management of his fine modern farm of 250 acres, which is

situated at the city limits. Here he has a large dairy of sixty cows, all of the

appointments being of the most complete and u/p to date kind. As a grower

of alfalfa he is acknowledged to hold the record in this locality.

HOLLINS NICHOLAS RANDOLPIJ. One may hope that the time will never come when pride of ancestry vanishes, when no longer will remembrance of brave deeds, heroic sacrifices and great public services performed by family founders create pride and arouse a spirit of emulation in descendants, that works for both individual and community good. In addition to the possession

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2005

of historic and distinguished .ancestry and the inheritance of an old and noble name, Hollins Nicholas Randolph, general counsel of the Federal Reserve Bank, of Atlanta, has many other claims to the favorable consideration of his fellow citizens. His achievements in the law have been notable; political pre ferment has been thrust upon him; business success has resulted from his able and judicious management of his own and others' affairs, and, because of personal wholesomeness and charm of manner, his welcome is assured and his influence beneficial in the city's most cultured and exclusive social circles.
The ancestral lines of Mr. Randolph's lineage reach to many of the first families of not only Georgia but of Virginia. One illustrious kinsman was John Randolph,'' of Roanoke,'' who claimed descent from the Indian princess, Pocahontas, whose romantic history must ever be of absorbing interest to Americans. Another great-great-grandfather of Hollins N. Randolph, was Thomas Jefferson, the third President of the United States and the author of the original draft of the immortal document, the Declaration of Independence. On the maternal side, the Roscommon Dillon family, of Roscommon, Ireland, contributed a lord- chief justice to England. But however your acquaintance one could never learn from Mr. Randolph himself any of the above facts of his ancestry, as he is a man of great modesty, one who believes absolutely in each man of each generation "making good" himself, as he expresses it, with out reliance on ancestors, however illustrious. He is of the sort who believes that distinguished ancestors are ,a liability rather than an asset, because their possession makes it essential to be worthy of the same in addition to making
a success yourself. Hollins N. Randolph was born near Charlottesville, Albemarle County,
Virginia, February 25, 1872. His parents were "William L. and Agnes (Dillon) Randolph, the latter of whom was born at Savannah, Georgia, and the former in Virginia, where he was reared and educated and during the war between the states, served as an officer in General Armistead's Division, Con federate army. The son received his preparatory education at Pantop's Academy, near Charlottesville, Virginia, and in 1891 entered the University of Virginia, an institution his ancestor had founded and from which he was graduated in 1895, with the degree of B. L. He took an academic course for three years and began his law course in 1894, and on June 29, 1896, he was admitted to the bar at Atlanta, which city has continued to be his home.
When he entered upon the practice of his profession, Mr. Randolph was first a member of the law firm of Gray, Brown & Randolph, which later became Brown & Randolph, and still later Brown & Randolph, Parker & Scott, a firm that represents corporations, banks and railroads. Mr. Ran dolph has shown distinguished ability as a lawyer ,and is general counsel for the Atlanta Savings Bank, the Atlanta Loan and Banking Company, the Atlanta and Macon Railway Company, division counsel for the Seaboard Air Line Railway, and in 1915 was appointed general counsel for the Federal Reserve Bank, at Atlanta. Additionally he is a director of and counsel for a number of corporations, including the Mount Vernon Woodberry Cotton Duck Company, of Baltimore, Maryland, and other concerns. He is ,a mem ber of the executive committee of the Atlanta Bar Association, and has served as chairman of the committee on uniform practice (law) of the United States Court for the Georgia Bar Association.
On October 17, 1899, Mr. Randolph was united in marriage with Miss Caroline Tison Walter, of a well known Savannah family.
While yet a university student, Mr. Randolph became interested in politics aiid in 1895 was elected president of the Jefferson Society and at the same time _ became editor of College Topics, the university journal. When his activities brought him into a broader field, his influence widened and he has been a loyal worker in the democratic party. He was sent as a delegate from Georgia to the national democratic convention in Baltimore, in 1912,

2006

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

and on that occasion was peculiarly honored in receiving the appointment as chairman of the special committee on transportation for the convention. In 1914 he became a member of the Georgia democratic executive committee and has long been looked on as a party leader in the state.
It was while he was in the university that Mr. Randolph first became interested in fraternity work, becoming a member of the Theta Nu Epsilon, and was also initiated into the Virginia Delta chapter of the A. T. 0. and ever since has taken .a lively interest in all matters pertaining to the Alpha Tau and is one of the Atlanta Alumni Association, and on the occasion of the Twenty-second Congress, held at Atlanta in December, 1910, he delivered an eloquent address on behalf of the association. He has long been identified also with the Masonic fraternity and belongs also to the social organizations that invite relaxation, at Atlanta. In 1898 he was elected commander in chief of the Georgia Division of the United Sons of Confederate Veterans and has always had the interests of this organization close to his heart. With just recognition of his ancestry, Mr. Randolph, also, has served as vice president of the Descendants of Signers of the Declaration of Independence.

WILLIAM PERRIN NICOLSON, M. D. To have attained eminence in an honorable, but arduous and difficult profession is an achievement that can be accomplished only by men or women of exceptional natural ability with an abundant capacity for hard work. An illustration of what can be accom plished through the possession of these qualities may be found in the career of Dr. William Perrin Nicolson, of Atlanta. Doctor Nicolson was born in Middlesex County, Virginia, February 4,1857, a son of George L. Nicolson, M. D. His mother, Mrs. Bettie B. Nicolson, was formerly Miss Wellford, of Fredericksburg, Virginia. Through his father's mother he is descended from the Wormley family who built a home at Rosegill, Middlesex County, in the seventeenth century. Ralph Wormley, first known as "King of Virginia," was a member of His Majesty's Council of State and collector of the Rappahannock River. This appears on a document dated September, 1686, con ferring the "Freedom of New York City," and now in possession of the doctor. Doctor Nicolson's grandmother was daughter of Ralph Wormley, fifth. The estates of the family were originally conferred by the Crown.
Dr. George L, Nicolson, father of Dr. William P./ was a prominent physician, who was educated at Philadelphia and Paris, and who was all his life a practitioner in the country.
William P. Nicolson was educated in a university school at Deer Chase, the family home a school which was always conducted by a graduate of the University of Virginia. At the age of eighteen years he entered the Uni versity of Virginia and after one year of study received his diploma. In the following year he took another degree from the Medical College of Virginia, at Richmond. Subsequently he served two years in the hospital at Richmond. After completing this service he was elected professor of anatomy and clinical surgery in the Southern Medical College being then organized in Atlanta, and thus became a citizen of Georgia. In a short time he was elected the dean of the college and was afterwards its president until the consolidation of this school with the Atlanta Medical College into the College of Physicians and Surgeons. The same chair he occupied in this institution until 1910, when he resigned after teaching thirty-one years. He enjoyed a reputation among the classes of being a luent and impressive teacher. For twenty years Doctor' Nieolson has held the position of professor of anatomy and oral surgery in the Southern Dental College and is also president of the institution. During his residence in Atlanta he has held many positions in the profession in addi tion to the college work. He has been president of the Atlanta Society of Medicine, president of the Georgia State Medical Association, vice president of the Southern Surgical and Gynecological Association, and was secretary

/ ', / ! * i

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2007

for the United States to the surgical section of the Third Pan-American Med ical Congress held at Havana, Cuba. His practice for many years has been limited to surgery. In several lines of work he has contributed somewhat notable articles to the medical press, among them: "Celluloid Plates for Cov ering Openings in the Skull," "Treatment of Hand Injuries by Wet.Anti
septic Dressings," "Catgut as a Skin Suture," etc. Doctor Nicolson was married in 1891, at Atlanta, to Miss Carolyn Crane,
daughter of M. Benjamin E. Crane, and a noted beauty. They have three children: William Perrin, Jr., Robert Lowry and Carolyn C. The eldest is now a student at Columbia University, and was a student in Berlin at the opening of the present war. Doctor Nicolson is an Episcopalian in religion and a vestryman of All Saints Church. He has a tasteful and commodious residence at 689 Piedmont Avenue, while his offices are located in the Haley
Building, Atlanta.

FRANK HAWKINS. Among the native sons of the fair Southland who have become prominent and influential in connection with business affairs of broad scope and importance in the City of Atlanta and who stand exponent of utmost loyalty and progressiveness, is Frank Hawkins, who has been presi dent of the Third National Bank of Atlanta from the time of its organiza tion and who was the founder of this representative and substantial financial institution of the Georgia metropolis. He has identified himself also with other important business interests of Atlanta, where he is a director in a num ber of corporations that have had much to do with the furtherance of the industrial and commercial prestige and metropolitan precedence of the city. Among the more prominent of such corporations in which he is a director may be noted the Georgia Railway & Power Company, the Atlanta Ice & Coal Corporation, the Atlanta Steel Mills, the Gate City Cotton Mills, the Milsted Cotton Mills, the Empire Oil Company, and the Trust Company of Georgia.
Mr. Hawkins was born in Carroll County, Mississippi, in 1856, and is a son of Frank and Ann C. Hawkins. The father was born in North Carolina and was a representative of one of the most distinguished and influential families of that fine old commonwealth. In the '50s he removed to Missis sippi, accompanied by his family and a goodly number of slaves, and he became one of the extensive planters and influential citizens of the state of his adoption. He was a man of strong individuality, keen mentality and much business acumen, and his loyal'interest in public affairs was indicated by his effective service as a member of the Mississippi Legislature. Both he and his wife continued their residence in Mississippi until the time of their death. The following interesting record concerning the Hawkins family is well worthy of perpetuation in this- publication:
"Philemon Hawkins, Sr., of sterling English lineage, was born in Glou cester County, Virginia, in 1817. He was a remarkable man. By the exigencies of time and place' he was denied the advantages of definite academic education in his youth, but his alert mentality and strong character enabled him effectually to overcome this seeming handicap. He removed into the wilderness of North Carolina and in 1770 he was one of the leading men of that colony, both in wealth and influence. He served as chief of staff under Governor Tryon in the struggle with the historic 'Regulators,' but four years later, at the inception of the war of the Revolution, he ardently espoused the cause of the American patriots. He served in the first Provin cial Congress and as a member of the convention that framed the first con stitution of North Carolina. He left four sons, John, Philemon, Jr., Benja min and Joseph, all of whom held the rank of colonel and all of whom saw active and arduous service as officers of the Continental Line in the Revolu
tionary war. Benjamin, United States senator from North Carolina on Washington's staff, passed the last twenty-five years of his life in Georgia,

2008

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

was one of the strong and noble patriots of America and was an honored and prominent citizen of Georgia at the time of his death. Colonel John Hawkins became the father of five sons who attained to maturity, namely: General John H., Micajah Thomas, Colonel Joseph, and General M. T. Hawkins. Colonel Philemon Hawkins, Jr., had seven sons: "William (Governor of North Carolina in 1811), John D. (grandfather of him whose name initiates this article), Joseph W., Benjamin F., Philemon III, Frank, and George "W. All
of these sons except the eldest were graduated in the University of North Carolina. John D. Hawkins served as a member of the North Carolina Legis lature, but his most important public service was that rendered when 'he became one of the founders of the Chapel Hill University, of which he was a trustee during virtually his entire active career.
"In the first three generations of the Hawkins family in North Carolina there were seven colonels, three generals, one governor, one representative in
Congress, one United States Senator, numerous State legislators, and one State Comptroller, besides which all of these men filled public positions of less con spicuous order. It would be hard to find a family that has contributed more liberally to the public service, and, curiously enough, representatives of the
name have rarely been found a,s seekers after public preferment. As a rule . they have been able business men and successful planters, and official position
has come to them not so much through their own seeking as through the
demands of their constituents. The men of military rank among them won their rank by valiant and effective service in time of conflict, and were not
merely honorary officers." At the inception of the Civil war, which brought disruption and distress to
his native state as well as other commonwealths of the South, Frank Hawkins, of this review, was a lad of about five years, but two of his older brothers were sufficiently advanced in years to enter the Confederate service. One of these, Rhesa R. Hawkins, of Mississippi, was but sixteen years old at the time of his enlistment in a Mississippi regiment, and he was captured at the battle of Gettysburg, in. July, 1863, after which he was held as a prisoner of war, at Fort Delaware, until the close of the war. The other brother was John D. of North Carolina, who served with signal gallantry during the entire period of the
war and whose death occurred shortly after its close. The preliminary educational discipline of Frank Hawkins was received in
the schools of Carroll County, Mississippi, and was supplemented by an effective course of study in the fine old University of the South, at Sewanee, Tennessee. After leaving college Mr. Hawkins engaged in the mercantile business in Mississippi, and after having achieved excellent success in his operations along this line he disposed of his mercantile establishment and engaged in the banking business at "Winona, Montgomery County, that state, where he continued to be identified with this enterprise from 1889 to 1894, besides having become concerned with divers other business interests. Placing 'a consistent estimate upon his own ability and desiring a broader field of activity, Mr. Hawkins removed to the City of Memphis, Tennessee, where, in 1894, he became one of the interested principals in a firm engaged in the whole sale hardware trade. Success again attended his efforts and, having accu mulated a fair capital, he removed, in 1895, to Atlanta. Concerning this action on his part the following pertinent statements have been written: "He recognized that Atlanta was a strategic point from an industrial and commer cial standpoint, that it was normally certain of development into a large city, that its location was healthful and that it offered a great opportunity to intelli gent business men. He had a natural aptitude for the banking business, and soon after establishing his residence in Atlanta he proceeded to organize the Third National Bank, of which he was elected president at the time of its incorporation. Within the intervening years, he and his loyal associates have developed a banking institution which, initiating business with a capital of

1

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2009

$200,000, now has a capital and surplus amounting to $2,000,000, with total assets of nearly $8,000,000, That this splendid result has been largely due to the progressive policies and mature business judgment of the president of the institution is cheerfully conceded by his valued associates in the great enterprise, and the Third National Bank now ranks among the staunchest and most effectively conducted in the entire South."
Mr. Hawkins is essentially a business man and has had no desire to enter the turbulence of so-called practical politics, though he accords unwavering allegiance to the cause of the democratic party. He holds membership in the Capital City and Piedmont Driving clubs of Atlanta, is-affiliated with the Masonic fraternity, and is a communicant and vestryman of St. Luke's
Church, Protestant Episcopal. Mr. Hawkins has been twice wedded, his present wife, Mrs. Alberta C.
Hawkins, being a popular figure in the representative social activities of Georgia's fair capital city. Mr. Hawkins has three daughters, Misses Louise E. and Margaret M., and Annice, who is the wife of Thomas M. Kenan, Jr., of Atlanta.

SHEPPARD W. FOSTER, D. D. S. Success is the inherent prerogative of such determined and valiant personalities as Doctor Foster, who has not only achieved distinctive success and prestige in his chosen profession but who has also gained precedence as a progressive and influential man of business, besides which he is an exponent of high civic ideals, is tolerant and kindly in judgment, generous and considerate in his relations with his fellowmen and ever ready to lend a helping hand to those in affliction and to aspiring youth. That he is the friend of the, person who is striving to make advance ment in the world is but natural, for he felt the lash of necessity in his youth, early assumed responsibilities and wrought out his own success through per sonal ability and well ordered effort. The doctor stands today as one of the leading representatives of the dental profession in Georgia, as is signified by his incumbency of the office of dean of the Southern Dental College, in the City of Atlanta, with the upbuilding of which .admirable institution he has been prominently and influentially identified and of whose faculty he is an honored and valued member.
Dr. Sheppard Walter Foster was born at Little Oak, Pike County, Ala bama, on the llth of June, 1861, the lineage of the family tracing back to sterling English origin and the first representatives of the family in America having settled in Virginia, in the colonial epoch of our national history, where the earlier generations retained the original English orthography of the name, Forester. The doctor is a son of John L. and Martha A. (Rountree) Foster, the former of whom was born in Henry County, Georgia, and the latter in McDonough County, this state, within whose borders the respective families were founded in the pioneer days. John Lewis Foster, farmer, soldier, edu cator and orator, was a man of high intellectual attainments and of exalted character, and his life was devoted to the service of humanity rather than to the accumulation of wealth. He was a young man at the time of his removal from Georgia to Alabama, in which latter state both he and his wife continued to reside until their death. He was long and prominently identified with educational work in. Alabama, ,as a successful and popular teacher in the common schools, and there also he was concerned with agricultural pur suits, though he never attained to more than moderate financial prosperity. When the Civil war was precipitated he forthwith subordinated all else to ten der his aid in defense of the Confederacy, and when his son Sheppard W., of this review, was but a few months old, this gallant and loyal son of the fair Southland went to the front with the Alabama Volunteer Regiment in which he had enlisted and with which he served during virtually the entire period of the great conflict between the North and the South, with a record that

2010

GEOR/GIA AND GEORGIANS

reflects enduring honor upon his name and memory. At the time of his enlistment he left his wife' and two sons with none too ample provision for sustenance during the period of his absence, but his wife unselfishly urged him on in his loyal devotion to the South and bravely faced the problems and contingencies incidental to his absence, she and her children having been graciously given protection and a home by one of the generous citizens of the same neighborhood. The husband and father finally returned from service June 19, 1865, a worn and tattered veteran of the war which brought sadness, privation and desolation to the Southern States, and he again turned his attention to the labors of peace, constant and faithful in doing whatsoever his hand found to do. The military record of John Lewis Foster is quoted
as follows: "Private, Company C., Forty-sixth Alabama Regiment, Pitt's Brigade. Field Officers: M. L. Wood, Montgomery, colonel; 0. Kyle, lieuten ant colonel; Handley, major; N. G. Otis, Columbus, Ga., captain. Enlisted at Henderson's Stork, Pike County, Alabama, March 22, 1862, 129 men in com pany. Encamped at Greenville, Alabama, April 5, 1862. Left there Novem ber 15th; went to Loachapoka, Alabama. "Went to Chattanooga, Tennessee, July 12th. Remained there on Lookout Mt. and'CMckamauga one month. Went to Knoxville, Tennessee. From there to Blaines X Road's, and fought first battle at Taxwell, Tenn., thence to Baptist Gap, there fought second battle, thence to Powells River, to Cumberland Gap, September 19th. Thence back through Tennessee, Alabama, and Mississippi to Vicksburg, at the siege of Vicksburg. Back to Demopolis, Alabama, thence to Chickamauga, Georgia, Dalton, Resaca, Marietta, Atlanta, Lovejoy, Palmetto, Decatur, Ala bama; Tuscumbia, Florence, Columbia, Tennessee, Franklin; was at Battle of Franklin and Battle of Nashville. Was captured at Nashville and carried to Camp Douglas at Chicago and remained a prisoner to the close of the war." He was engaged in teaching-for a number of years after the close of the war, but finally contracted paralysis and died at his home at Little Oak, Pike County, Alabama, March 15, 1883. The childhen of- Mr. and Mrs. Foster are: Rev. Robert A. Foster, Graceville, Florida; Drs. S. W. and M. F. Foster, Atlanta; Dr. J. H. Foster, Havana, Cuba; Mrs. W. C. Sanders, Luverne, Alabama,; Mrs. Booker Lawson, Fort Valley, Georgia; and Mrs. James T. Douglas Brewton, Alabama.
Under the direction of his father Sheppard W. Foster acquired his pre liminary educational discipline, which was necessarily of desultory order, owing to the unstable conditions prevailing during the so-called reconstruc tion period in the South, where Northern "carpet-baggers" looked more to personal aggrandizement than to aiding in reviving the prostrate industries of the South. Doctor Foster continued to attend school during a threemonth term each year until he had attained to the age of twenty years, and in the meanwhile he found employment at farm work. Concerning his ambitious purposes and his determination in the overcoming of obstacles the following estimate has been given: "At the age of twenty-one years he accepted a position as clerk in a dry goods store, in which position he con tinued three years, at the same time being largely medium 'of providing for the support of his widowed mother and others of the children. Under trying conditions he succeeded in saving sufficient funds to take one course in the dental department of Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee. It was against the advice of his friends that he thus began the study of his profes sion, but the distinction and success which he has since achieved therein has fully justified his action at that time. After leaving Vanderbilt University at the completion of his first course, of lectures and work he returned to his native village, where he engaged in the practice of dentistry during the ensuing vacation, for the purpose of getting means to return to the university for the next session. In February, 1887, he was graduated in the department of dentistry of Vanderbilt University, from which he received the degree

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

' 2011

of Doctor of Dental Surgery. He was valedictorian of his class, besides having won medals for the installation of the best gold fillings. It was necessary for him to remain in the City of Nashville for several days after his graduation and there to practice dentistry in an obscure way until he had
accumulated sufficient money to pay a week's board and defray the expense
of his transportation to his home." Doctor Foster initiated the independent practice of his profession at
Decatur, Alabama, where he soon built up a prosperous business, besides becoming an active and valued member of the Alabama State Dental Society, of which he served four years as secretary, besides doing effective committee work and presenting valuable papers "on scientific subjects per
taining to operative and laboratory dentistry. The doctor continued in active practice in Decatur until 1894, when he found a broader field of professional endeavor by removing to Atlanta, where he has since become one of the fore most representatives of his profession in Georgia. In 1895 he became a mem
ber of the Georgia State Dental Society, of which he has since continued one of the most popular and valued members and to the success of whose activities he has contributed in large measure. Doctor Foster was for many years iden tified with the old Southern Dental Association, of which he served as record ing secretary for a period of eight years. At the convention of this association in 1894, at Old Point Comfort, Virginia, he read a most interesting paper on the subject of "Laboratory Fillings," this applying to the manu facturing and use of cast or moulded gold fillings to be made from impres
sions and cemented into the assigned cavities. The great value of these methods has now become uniformly recognized by the profession at large. This effective system of installing a large percentage of gold fillings, Doctor Foster's paper, presented as noted, constituting the first literature presented
on this important subject. The doctor has been a member of the southern branch of the National Dental Association from the time of its organization, still holds membership in the Alabama and Georgia State Dental Societies, and is an honorary member of each the North Carolina, South Carolina, Florida and Mississippi- State Dental societies, besides which he has been and continued an influential member of the National Association of Dental Facul ties, in which he has filled various important offices, including that of president.
In 1896 Doctor Foster was elected to the chair of materia medica, pathology and therapeutics in the Southern Dental College, which office he continued the incumbent for several years and since has held the chair of general pathology, besides which he has served also as dean of the faculty of this institution for nearly a score of years. Under his able administration the enrollment of students in the college has expanded greatly and manifold improvements have been made in the various scientific facilities and acces sories of the institution, which is one of the highest grade and of wide reputation.
Doctor Foster is a man of most gracious and winning personality, consid erate, buoyant and optimistic, and his circle of friends is limited only by that of his acquaintances. His private benevolences and charities have been mani fold and invariably unostentatious, both he and his wife are earnest members
of the Methodist.Episcopal Church, South, he has received the chivalric or maximum degrees in York Rite Masonry, besides being affiliated with the Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, and'in politics he gives unwavering allegiance to the democratic party, with well fortified opin ions concerning economic and governmental affairs. He and his wife are popular factors in the representative social life of Atlanta and their beautiful home, at 711 Peachtree Street, is a center of gracious hospitality.
In addition to his professional work and associations Doctor Foster is known as a man of marked business acumen and progressiveness. He is the

.'tl

2012

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

president of the business conducted under the title of the Golden Eagle Buggy Company, is the owner of agencies for the sale of automobiles, and is a trustee of the Southern Dental College. As a citizen he is loyal, liberal and public-spirited, and he takes deep interest in all that concerns the civic and material welfare of his home city.
While he was a resident of Decatur, Alabama, was solemnized the mar riage of Doctor Foster to Miss Sophie Lee Jackson, daughter of the late Dr. Walter C. Jackson, a representative physician and surgeon of Montgomery, that state. Doctor and Mrs. Foster have no children.

ROBERT B. WALKER. Identified with the newspaper and general printing business the major period of the time since his boyhood, Mr. Walker has become one of the able and popular representatives of journalism in his native state, and as editor and publisher of the Dallas New Era he is making the paper admirably justify the statement that appears its generic title in each edition, to the effect that it is "Devoted to the upbuilding and progress of Dallas and Paulding county." The genial and unvarying consideration shown by Mr. Walker to all with whom he comes in contact marks him as an exponent of the gracious social code that made the fine old regime in the South definitely an ideal, and yet none who knows the man can fail to realize his intrinsic strength, his broad mental grasp and his assurance in the upholding of his honest convictions.
At Cassville, in that part of Cass County that now comprises Bartow County, Georgia, Robert B. Walker was born on the 20th of August, 1859, and he is a son of Francis M. and Letitia M. (Barna) Walker, both natives of North Carolina and representatives of sterling old southern families. Francis M. Walker was born in the year 1828 and in his youth he learned the trade of shoemaker. In 1850 within a short time after attaining to his legal majority, he established his home at Cassville, Georgia, where he continued in the work of his trade in connection with a general boot and shoe business, for more than forty years and where he lived retired during the last eight years of his long, honorable and useful life. He passed to his reward in 1901, at the age of seventy-three years, and his memory is cherished in the community that was his home for so many years. His father, Philip Walker, and also two of his sisters were practical shoemakers, and all of the number did most efficient service in making shoes for Confederate soldiers during the progress of the Civil war, Francis M. Walker having not been permitted to enlist as a soldier as the authorities considered that his services could be equally valuable to the cause through his work in making shoes for the soldiers, his loyalty being equally as great and benignant in results as though he had borne arms in defense of the cause which called forth his utmost fealty. After the close of the war he began to take a specially active interest in local politics, under the depressing conditions of the so-called Reconstruction in the Southern States, and he did all in his power to further the reviving of the prostrate industries of his home commonwealth. Philip Walker, grandfather of the subject of this review, came from North Carolina to Georgia in 1856 and joined his son in old Cass County, but later he and his wife removed to Tennessee, in which state they passed the residue of their lives. Mrs. Letitia M. (Barna) Walker survived her honored husband by several years and was seventy-three years of age at the time of her death, which occurred at Cartersville, Bartow County, in 1909. Of the six children the eldest was James E., who became a talented artist and gained special distinction as a painter of portraits, and whose death occurred in the City of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 1882, when he was but twenty-six years of age; Martha is the wife of Henry J. Sligh and they reside at Gadsden, Etowah County, Alabama; Robert B., of this review, was the next in order of birth; Thomas M. is private secretary, in New York City, to one of the executive officials of the Standard Oil Company; Madeline is the

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2013

wife of James H. Banton, of Atlanta; and Herbert Y., who was graduated in Emory College, with the degree of Bachelor of Arts, has been cashier in the office of the state treasurer of Georgia, in the capitol building in Atlanta, where he is in point of continuous service the oldest attache of this depart ment, he having been the incumbent of the position of cashier from the time it was established.
The public schools of Cartersville, the judicial center of Bartow County, afforded to Robert B. Walker his early educational advantages, and when but thirteen years of age he initiated his association with the "art preservative of all arts," by assuming the dignified and autocratic position of "printer's devil" in the office of the Cartersville Standard, in the meanwhile continuing to attend school at intervals. He became a competent compositor and through early and later association with the newspaper business he has shown unmis takably the consistency that such discipline is equivalent to a liberal education. After continuing his work at Cartersville during a period of several years, Mr. Walker went to the City of Atlanta, where he found employment in the office.of the Scott Printing Company. In this establishment he completed the training that made him eligible for service as a journeyman printer, and finally he returned to Bartow County and established his residence at Adairsville, where he purchased the plant and business of the Adairsville Banner, in co partnership with Thomas A. J. Majors. He continued as one of the editors and publishers of this weekly paper one year, and impaired health then com pelled him to seek a change of climate and also less sedentary occupation. He accordingly sold his interest in the Banner, and during the ensuing five years he traveled about somewhat extensively and in the meanwhile applied himself to occupations that permitted him to be out of doors. Finally, with recuperated physical powers, he returned to Cartersville, where he was more or less directly interested in newspaper work until 1894, when he purchased the Acworth Post, in the Village of Acworth, Cobb County. Of this paper he was editor and' publisher seven years, at the expiration of which he sold the property and business to good advantage, after having developed the enter prise into one of successful order. He then, in 1901, found a broader field of endeavor by purchasing the plant and .business of the Dallas New Era, a paper that was founded in 1882, by a man named Breckenridge, and that was owned by W. Z. Spinks at the time Mr. Walker assumed control. The paper had been permitted to undergo a gradual waning in influence and at the time when Mr, Walker's guiding hand was applied its fortunes were at somewhat low ebb; Under his pervasive and progressive management the paper has made splendid advancement in circulation, influence and advertising patron age, and the plant also has been brought up to a modern standard in both the newspaper and job departments. In 1907 Mr. Walker erected for the accom modation of the same his present substantial and modern building, constructed of concrete blocks, and the establishment is a veritable model as what is com monly designated as a country newspaper office. The Era is known for its terse and well taken editorial utterances, it has been made a staunch exponent of the interests of Dallas and Paulding County, as well as of the principles of the democratic party, and that it has not lacked for popular appreciation is shown in the fact that the paper now has a circulation of nearly 2,000 copies, which is a splendid showing for the field in which it is published. Mr. Walker, both through the medium of his paper and through personal influence is zealous in advancing the cause of the democratic party, and as a citizen he is essentially liberal and progressive. In addition to his business establishment he is the owner of his attractive home in Dallas, and is also a director of the Commercial Savings Bank of Dallas.
On the 8th of August, 1894, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Walker to Miss Belle Lang, who was"born at Cartersville, Bartow County, a daughter of Edward R. Lang, who was a gallant soldier in the Confederate service in

2014

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

the Civil war and who was a resident of Cartersvilie at the time of his death, his widow having survived him and having there been summoned to eternal rest in 1912. Mr. and Mrs. Walker have no children.
DR. MILTON ANTHONY, founder of the Medical College in Augusta, came from a family which has left a strong impress upon the State of Georgia. He was born in 1784, it is uncertain whether in Virginia just before his people came to Georgia, or in Wilkes County, just after they came. His early educational advantages were limited, but he was a lover of learning, acquired such education as was possible! in those days, selected the medical profession, and by hard work wrought himself forward to the front rank. He settled in Augusta, and in 1822 his name headed the list of the members of the medical society of Augusta. In 1825 the Legislature created the State Board of Physicians and madei him one of its members. In 1828 the Legis lature authorized the establishment of a medical academy within the cor porate limits of Augusta and made Doctor Anthony one of the trustees. He had already, in connection with Dr. Joseph A. Eve, one of his pupils, a species of medical school connected with the hospital, but was handicapped by the inability to confer degrees. In 1829 the Medical Academy was changed to the Medical Institute of the State of Georgia, and in 1833 to the Medical College of Georgia. Of this institution Doctor Anthony is the founder, and his most strenuous labors were put into getting it on a sound footing, never resting till he had seen a substantial edifice, supplied with library and museum. While he only lived five years after the establishment of the college, he had the pleasure of seeing sixty-two physicians graduate in those five years.
In August, 1839, the yellow fever epidemic broke out in Augusta. That was its first appearance there. There were no experienced nurses. The faculty had but little experience, and Doctor Anthony did remarkable work in this emergency and so overtaxed his strength that when attacked in turn by the disease, he became an easy victim, and died September 19, 1839. He was buried in the college grounds, with a Latin inscription on the slab cover ing his remains and a marble memorial tablet placed in the lecture room setting forth his abilities, his labors and his virtues.

DANIEL APELING, a sterling patriot and gallant soldier, was born in Columbus County, Georgia, August 1, 1787. Both his parents were Virginians.
Daniel Appling was educated in private schools of Columbia County, which at that time were said to be the best in the state, and in youth became well grounded in the English branches and the -classics. In 1805, at the age of eighteen, he enlisted in the regular army of the United States and was commissioned lieutenant. For a little while he was a recruiting,officer and was then stationed at Fort Hawkins, a fort on the Ocmulgee River opposite the present City of Macon. In the Indian troubles then prevalent, young Appling distinguished himself, and his record in the War of 1812 advanced him to the rank of brevet lieutenant colonel in command of a regiment.
When the war ended Colonel Appling returned to Georgia. The Legis lature passed resolutions eulogistic of his military record and voted him a sword of honor, but he died before the resolution could be carried into prac tical effect, in March, 1818. The sword was purchased, however, by the succeeding Legislature, and for more than fifty years was kept in the execu tive office first at Milledgeville and later at Atlanta. In 1880 the Legis lature made the Georgia Historical Society of Savannah the permanent custo dian of the sword.

JAMES N. BRAWNER, M. D. Specialists in the art of healing are very old. Herodotus, 484 B. C., called by Cicero the Father of History, mentions the

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2015

specialists in Egypt, his chronicle reading that "each physician applies him self to one disease only and not more.'' In that ancient record may be found proof that each disease afflicting humanity has in it serious enough elements to make its complete understanding the work of a lifetime. In modern days the work of the specialist is recognized at its true scientific value and in the great medical body, to those students and investigators who have so unselfishly and conscientiously, with microscope and test tube, penetrated the deepest mysteries of life and brought. forth help and healing, no tribute of honor, admiration and appreciation seems too high. Atlanta is the home of a very able body of medical practitioners and specialists are found here, among whom no one has more well founded claims to prominence than Dr. James N. Brawner, who is the owner and founder of a private sanitarium for the treat ment of diseases of the nervous system
James N. Brawner was born March 22,1876, at Cataula, in Harris County, Georgia, and is a son of James M. and Mary (Buchanan) Brawner, who are residents of Troup County, Georgia. In the public schools the youth received his early education while growing up on his father's plantation, near Chipley, and in 1895 he was graduated from the Chipley High School. Already having made choice of the profession of medicine as a life career, he entered the College of Physicians and Surgeons, at Baltimore, Maryland, and was gradu ated there in 1899 and in the same year entered into practice at Atlanta. A student and an enthusiast, Doctor Brawner was not content with the usual routine of the general practitioner, and in 1900 he established at Atlanta a Pasteur Institute, for the treatment of hydrophobia, locating it at No. 85 Luckie Street. The first officers of the institute were: Dr. H. R. Slack, of LaGrange; Dr. C. D. Hurt, Dr. Claude A. Smith and Dr. James N. Brawner, all of Atlanta; and B. W. Hunt of Eatonton, Georgia.
In this innovation Doctor Brawner proved his courage. It was the first institution/of its kind in the southern states, south of Baltimore, Maryland. The value of the Pasteur treatment at that time was doubted by a great many reputable physicians and considerable opposition developed. The mat ter was finally brought before the Medical Association of Georgia, and after a spirited discussion, the association recommended Doctor Brawner's estab lishment at Atlanta ano' he continued in charge of the institute until 1909, when the Georgia State Board of Health commenced to administer the Pasteur treatment free of charge. Doctor Brawner's attitude had been fully justified.
In addition to his enterprising work in connection with the Pasteur Insti tute', Doctor Brawner has made a specialty of the treatment of nervous and mental diseases. In 1910 he established a private sanitarium, locating it on the Marietta Electric Line, near Smyrna, Georgia, which is a beautiful suburb of Atlanta. The surroundings are quiet and peaceful, the accommodations comfortable, even luxurious, and the treatment scientific and successful.
Doctor Brawner was married on June 25, 1902, to Miss Nellie Barksdale, who was reared at Atlanta and is a daughter of Charles E. Barksdale, a well known resident. Doctor and Mrs. Brawner have four children: James N., Jr., Nelle, Charles and Margaret.
Doctor Brawner maintains his city office in the Grant Building.
HENRY R. DONALDSON, M. D. A representative physician and surgeon of the City of Atlanta, Df. Henry Rutledge Donaldson maintains his well appointed offices in the Grant Building, and aside from the secure prestige he has won in his exacting vocation there are many other points which make consonant the recognition accorded to him in this history of Georgia, He is a native son of the South and is a scion of distinguished Colonial ancestry, besides being a representative of a prominent and influential family of Alabama, where he became one of the prominent and honored physicians and which he himself is an able and popular exponent.
Vol. IV 12

2016

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

Doctor Donaldson was born at Eastaboga, Talladega County, Alabama, on .the 13th of July, 1878, and is the eldest son of Dr. John Thaddeus Don aldson, whose death there occurred in 1903, after he had devoted many years to the practice of his profession, which he honored by his character and services.
Dr.. John Thaddeus Donaldson was born in Greenville County, South Carolina, on the 20th of August, 1842, and he was reared to adult age in his native state.- When "the Civil war was precipitated it became his to render loyal and gallant service in defense of the cause of the Confederacy. He became _ first lieutenant of Company D in General Hamption's Legion, and
.with this celebrated command he lived up to the full tension of the great conflict between the states of the North and South. He was several times wounded in battle and participated in many important engagements, includ
ing the battles of Seven Pines, First and Second Manassas, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg and other of the important battles in which General Lee's army was involved. During'-a portion of his four years' services he was detached from his command and assigned to detailed duty in charge of forty scouts, the principal function of this company being to impress horses for the use of the Confederate cavalry. Doctor Donaldson participated in twenty-seven important battles and was four times wounded, his military record being one that shall inure to the last honor and distinction of his name.
After the' close of the war Dr. John T. Donaldson entered the celebrated old Jefferson Medical College, in the City of Philadelphia, and later he com pleted his professional studies in the South Carolina Medical College, at Columbia, in which he was graduated with the degree of Doctor of Medicine. In 1870 he engaged in. the practice of his profession in Talladega County, Alabama, where he became one of the prominent and honored physicians and surgeons of that part of the state and where he continued in the active work of his profession until virtually the time of his death, which occurred on the 1st of September, 1903.
On the 4th of February, 1875, was solemnized the marriage of Dr. John T. Donaldson to Miss Emma Carolyn Turner, who still maintains her home in Talladega County, Alabama, where she was born on the 9th of September, 1855. She is a daughter of Capt. Edwin Childs. Turner, who was a pros perous planter and prominent citizen of that county. Captain Turner com manded a company in the Confederate service during the war between the states. His father, Matthew Turner, was a wealthy and influential citizen of Talladega County prior, to the Civil war and was the owner of a fine plantation and of many slaves. He was accredited with being the second wealthiest man in Talladega County, where he owned several thousand acres of land and where his corps of slaves numbered more than 100. Capt. Edwin C. Turner wedded Miss Emma Rutledge, a .daughter of Henry Rutledge, in whose honor Doctor Donaldson of this review was named.
Henry Rutledge was the son of Edward Rutledge, who was one of the 'signers of the Declaration of Independence and who served as a member of the Colonial Congress. This distinguished ancestor of Doctor Donaldson married a daughter of Arthur Middleton, who likewise was a signer of the Declaration of Independence and a member of the Colonial Congress. John ' Rutledge, who served as Colonial governor of South Carolina, was a brother of Edward. The foregoing data give evidence that Doctor Donaldson is a direct descendant of two of the signers of the immortal document whose provision led to the attaining of independence and the founding of the great
republic of the United States. Dr. Henry R. Donaldson acquired his preliminary education in his native
county and in 1896, at the age of seventeen years, he was graduated in Howard College, Alabama, from which he received the degree of Bachelor of Arts, besides having been the youngest member of his class. In preparing

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2017

for his chosen profession he availed himself of the Atlanta College of Physicians and Surgeons, which has secure status as one of the leading institutions of technical education in the South, and in the same he was graduated in 1899, with the degree of Doctor of Medicine. He has since been continuously engaged in the general practice of his profession in the Georgia metropolis and capital city, and during this entire period of more than a decade and a half he has maintained his offices in the Grant Building. He has subordinated all other interests to the demands of his profession and has become one of its specially successful and popular representatives in Atlanta. The Doctor is identified actively with the Fulton County Medical Society, the Georgia State Medical Association, the Southern Medical Asso ciation, and the American Medical Association. He is assistant surgeon in Grady Hospital, was formerly a member of the surgical staff of Tabernacle Infirmary, and is examining' surgeon for several leading insurance com panies. He holds membership in the Baptist Church, he has received the thirty-second degree in the Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite of the Masonic fraternity, besides being identified with the adjunct organization, the Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. He is past chancellor of the Knights of Pythias, is affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and holds membership in the Druid Hills Golf Club.
On the 7th of December, 1903, was solejnnized the marriage of Doctor Donaldson to Miss Bessie Tays, of Statesville, North Carolnia; they have no
children.
WINFIELD PAYNE JONES. The Atlanta bar represents a body of able men, some of these brilliant orators and others conspicuous in the different branches of jurisprudence, but all are men of thorough legal training, whether of long or short experience. It is a body of dignity as well as learning and here par ticularly, has the law opened, at times, a wide door to opportunity for service and promotion in other directions. No name in all the annals of law in the United States arouses more respect and admiration than that of Chief Justice John Marshall, who not only brought distinction to his state and country through great political service, but who, during his thirty-five years as chief justice established precedents by his decisions, in the interpretation of the constitution, that have been accepted ever since. He was the great-great grandfather of "Winfield Payne Jones, one of the prominent members of the Atlanta bar.
Winfield Payne Jones was born at Warrenton, Virginia, May 21, 1881, and is a son of Thomas Marshall and Elizabeth Winter (Payne) Jones. They were born in Fauquier County, Virginia, where, for generations the family names have been known and honored. Through another descending line, Mr. Jones can claim kindred with Admiral Raphael Semmes, a distinguished naval officer during the war between the states, and the author of several historical works.
An apt pupil, Winfield P. Jones was early prepared for collegiate life and entered the Georgetown University, from which he was graduated in 1901, subsequently becoming a student of law in the University of Georgia, where he secured his degree of B. L. in 1903. He immediately opened an office at Atlanta and has continued in this city, his talents receiving recognition and a foremost place at the bar long since assured. He maintains his office in the Georgia Trust Building.
On June 1, 1909, Mr. Jones was united in marriage with Miss Florence Hendricks Hobbs, and they had two children: Carroll Payne, six years old, and Arthur Hendricks, who died at age of two and one-half years. The pleasant family home is at No. 97 West Fourteenth Street, Atlanta.
Although a pronounced democrat and loyal to the core in the interests of his party, Mr. Jones seeks no political office for himself. He desires good

2018

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

government and the adoption of legislative measures which will encourage general peace, prosperity and contentment and lends his influence willingly to support educational and moral enterprises. He belongs to the Atlanta Athletic Club but since leaving the university, where he belonged to one of the fraternities, he has not united with any other organization, his home and his business affording enough satisfaction to make life fully worth the
living.

HARVEY HILL. In the legal profession Mr. Hill has demonstrated that it has not been necessary for him to profit by or to stand in the shadow of paternal and ancestral greatness, though none could be more appreciative of the character and achievement of a father and grandfather of such dis tinction as applied to these forbears of himself, and he holds today secure vantage-ground as one of the strong and resourceful members of the bar of the metropolis and capital city of his native state. He is the only surviving child of the late Hon. Charles Dougherty Hill, formerly solicitor-general of the Atlanta Circuit Court, and is a grandson of Georgia's eminent statesman, the Hon. Benjamin Harvey Hill, whose name is written prominently on the history of this favored commonwealth. Mr. Hill has been engaged in the practice of his profession in Atlanta for nearly twenty years and is known and honored as one of the representative members of the notably distin
guished bar of Pulton County.
Mr. Hill was born in Twiggs County, Georgia, near the City of Macon, on the 2d of December, 1873, and was duly christened Benjamin Harvey Hill, in honor of his distinguished grandfather, but he has dropped his first personal name and is known simply by the second, Harvey. He is the only son of the late Hon. Charles Dougherty Hill, and Caroline Holt (Hughes) Hill, both of whom are deceased, and the only other child was his younger sister, Henrietta, who died at the age of three years, so that he is now,the only surviving member of the immediate family. On other pages of this publication are entered special memorial tributes to his father and his paternal grandfather, and thus it is not necessary further to review the family data in the present article.
After the completion of a thorough academic course in Emory College, at Oxford, Georgia, Harvey Hill continued the study of law in the office and under the able preceptorship of his honored father, in Atlanta, until he had made himself eligible for admission to the bar, this recognition having been accorded to him on the 16th of October, 1896. Though no formal partnership relation has ever been made, he has been most pleasingly associated from the beginning of his professional career with those distinguished Atlanta lawyers, Reuben R. and Lowry Arnold, two of the most prominent members of the bar of Georgia's capital city. This informal alliance has continued to the present time and since the 7th of September, 1909, Mr. Hill has been the law partner of Arminius Wright, under the firm name of Hill & "Wright. The members of this firm, together with several other prominent members of the Atlanta bar, occupy, with the Messrs. Arnold, previously mentioned, a fine suite of offices on the ninth floor of the Hurt Building, and the general association of these representative attorneys and counselors at law proves of uniform value to all concerned. The firm of Hill & Wright controls a large and important law business and Mr. Hill has high standing as a versa tile advocate and as a counselor of mature judgment and broad and accurate knowledge of the science of jurisprudence. He is an active member of the Atlanta Association and the Georgia State Bar Association, and though he is unwavering in his allegiance to the democratic party he has deemed his pro fession worthy of his undivided fealty and has never appeared as a candidate for political office. He is affiliated with Atlanta Lodge, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and the Chi Phi college fraternity, and in his home

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2019

city is identified with such representative organizations as the Capital City Club, the Druid Hills Golf Club, the Piedmont Driving Club, and the Atlanta Athletic Club.
On the 12th of June, 1907, Mr. Hill wedded Miss Mary Blount Ridley, daughter of Dr. Frank Ridley, Sr., a prominent physician and surgeon of the City of La Grange, this state, and a great-granddaughter of Judge Blount Ferrell, of La Grange, who was a distinguished lawyer and jurist of Georgia. Mr. and Mrs. Hill have two children, Benjamin Harvey, who Was born May 13, 1908; and Florida Ferrell, who was born May 10, 1913. A third child, Charles Francis, died in infancy.

EGBERT HOLT HARRIS. The most successful men in any community are, in general, those who at an early age have had to depend upon their own resources. Among those up to date and stirring citizens of Atlanta, Georgia, who illustrate the value of self help is Robert Holt Harris, lawyer, whose upward career for some years past has been marked with interest by his friends. Mr. Harris was born in Murray County, Georgia, in January, 1879, on his father's side being of Scotch descent. The Harris family at an early date was settled in Pennsylvania, the large and thriving City of Harrisburg in that state having been named for one of Mr. Harris' ancestors. Thence some members of the family seem to have gone South, as in or about 1830 Rufus Harris and his wife, whose maiden name was Wright, and who were the grandparents of the subject of this sketch, came to Georgia from East Tennessee, and settled in Murray County. There Nelson Wright Harris, father of Robert H., was born, December 13, 1841, and there he still resides, being now seventy-one years old. He married Elizabeth Rebecca McCamy, who was born in Murray County in 1848 and was of Scotch-Irish descent. Her father was Robert McCamy, the son of William McCamy, who came to Georgia from East Tennessee and established a trading-post in Murray County. Robert McCamy, who was a wealthy planter and slaveholder, died in 1868. His daughter, Mrs. Harris, passed away February 26, 1910. The family of Mr. and Mrs. Nelson Wright Harris numbered six children, three sons and three daughters, all of whom are now living. They are, respectively, in order of birth: John; Dinie Maud, now Mrs. John M. Wright; Mrs. Emogene Treadwell; Robert Holt; Annie, who is now Mrs. Marcus L. Loughridge, and Seth Julian.
Robert H. Harris spent his boyhood days on a farm. He attended Emory College at Oxford, Georgia, for one year, and later finished his literary, education at Young Harris College, where he was graduated in 1901 as bachelor *of arts. His legal studies were pursued in the University of Georgia, where he was graduated from the law department in 1903. Since then he has been engaged in the practice of his profession in Atlanta and has gained a high reputation as a safe and able lawyer, making a specialty of land titles. In spite of the recent and prevailing depression in business caused by the European war, he has been kept steadily busy with his law practice, having all that he can attend to. During his junior year in the University of Georgia Mr. Harris was elected president of his law class and . served as such throughout that year. During his senior year he was president of the Demosthean Debating Society. As evidence of his self-reliance and his ability to overcome difficulties, it may be stated that when he came to Atlanta to begin practice, he was not only absolutely without financial resources but was a thousand dollars in debt, as he had made his own way through the university and still owed that much on his education. After twelve years' practice he is in comfortable circumstances and although not a. rich man, as riches are estimated nowadays, owns a larger estate than many men acquire in a lifetime of toil. This success he has attained without extraneous help of any kind, but solely through his own efforts certainly a

2020

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

creditable record and one worthy of emulation by aspiring youths. As a citizen he is public spirited and progressive, a supporter of good government. His religious affiliations are with the Methodist Episcopal Church. Mr. Harris was married, October 26, 1909, to Emma Chenault Burke, of Danville, Ken tucky, and they have one child now living, Nell Bronston, who was born December 16, 1910.
WILLIAM FRANKLIN DYKES. Among the men who are lending distinction to the personnel of Georgia's educators is the principal of the Boys' High School of Atlanta, who has been identified with that splendid institution as a teacher and principal for the past twenty-one years, He is a school man who comes into close contact with his pupils and the public at large, and having no need for that aloofness by which some professional men keep themselves apart from the people whom they serve, he is more generally known to the public and among his large circle of friends as simply Frank Dykes. For the past eight years he has held his present position as principal of the Boys' High School.
His birth occurred on a farm in Macon County near Montezuma, Georgia, January 1, 1871. His father, Dr. William Madison Dykes, was in his time a prominent physician and planter in Macon County and during the war between the states served as a surgeon in the Confederate army. Doctor Dykes was also born in Georgia, was graduated from the Jefferson Medical College at Philadelphia, and in addition to his professional service at one time represented Macon County in the State Legislature for one term. His death occurred at the age of sixty-five. Doctor Dykes married Nancy Beverly, who was born in Georgia, a daughter of Judge W. M. Beverly of Macon County, and she died at the age of sixty-three. Professor Dykes has three brothers and one sister living, John B. Dykes, a farmer at Montezuma; Dr. James Robert Dykes, formerly a surgeon in the United States army and now living retired at Montezuma; Thomas J. Dykes, a merchant and planter at Montezuma; and Claudia L., wife of William H. Rice of Marshallville, Georgia.
William Franklin Dykes was reared in Macon County and in addition to the public schools attended the academy at Marshallville. In 1886 he entered Emory College at Oxford, spending four years there and graduating A. B. in 1890, well among the first in point of scholarship in a class of twenty-four. He was only nineteen years old when he graduated, and in the meantime had taught one term of school during the summer of 1888 in Coffee County. Since .1890 he has given his entire attention to the profession of teaching, and with twenty-five years of successful experience is now one of the best known of Georgia's educators. His first work after leaving college was as principal of the public schools at Tennille and after one year he became assistant principal of the West End Academy at Atlanta. Two years later, in 1894, he took a position as instructor in the Boys' High School, and has continuously been identified with that institution for twenty-one years, the past eight years as principal.
He is a member of the Georgia State Teachers' Association and well known , among the teachers of the state. He also belongs to Ponce de Leon Avenue
Baptist Church, of which he is a charter member. January 31, 1894, Pro fessor Dykes married Miss Kate Latham, who was born and reared in Atlanta. Their only living daughter is Miss Helen Dykes, now a young lady of twenty, living with her parents.
HIRAM PARKS BELL. The late Col. Hiram P. Bell was born in Jackson County, Georgia, January 19, 1827, was reared on a Georgia farm near Gumming, Forsyth County, and obtained his first task of his classical training in the academy of that place. At the end of a two years' course in that insti tution Mr. Bell became a teacher himself, and pursued that avocation while

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2021

studying law. He was admitted to the bar November 28, 1849, when about twenty-two years of age, and entered upon the practice of his profession January 1, 1851, at Gumming. The first public position to which Mr. Bell was called was as a delegate to the Secession Convention of 1861. By this convention he was elected commissioner to Tennessee, with instructions to present the Ordinance of Secession as enacted by Georgia, with reasons for its adoption by Tennessee, and to ask co-operation in the positions taken by the Georgia convention. He was elected to the State Senate October, 1861. In 1862 he organized a company of which he was made captain, and which became Company I of the Forty-third Georgia Regiment in the Confederate service. Because of this connection with the Confederate army he resigned his seat in the State Senate in October, 1862, that he might remain with his regiment, then stationed at Georgetown, Kentucky. His distinguished service gave him rapid promotion in the army. After serving as captain he. became lieutenant-colonel upon the organization of the Forty-third Regiment of
Georgia Volunteers in March, 1862. He was wounded and disabled on Decem ber 29, 1862, at the battle of Chickasaw Bayou, near Vicksburg. 'He was promoted to the colonelcy of his regiment upon the death of Colonel Harris, who was killed at Baker's Creek. This position and all subsequent connec tion with the army Colonel Bell -was compelled to resign because of the serious
nature of his wounds. Upon his retirement from active service in the army Colonel Bell was
elected to the Second Confederate Congress in November, 1863. He served on the committees on privileges and elections and post offices and post roads. After secession the people of his district believed they could not do better than continue the public service that had been so entirely acceptable, and Colonel Bell was1 chosen the first senator from the Thirty-ninth Senatorial District o'f this state. In November, 1872, he was elected to the Forty-third Congress of the United States and after an interval of one term was elected to the Forty-fifth Congress, He served on the committees on coinage, weights and measures, banking and currency, and education and labor. He was a member of the Electoral College in 1868 that cast the vote of the state for Seymour and Blair, and was a delegate to the National Democratic Conven tion that met at St. Louis and nominated Tilden and Hendricks in 1876. The last political position held by Colonel Bell was as state senator, again representing the Thirty-ninth District. He was made chairman of a joint committee on constitutional amendments and took active interest in all meas ures of special concern to the state government.
Colonel Bell was a prominent member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South; was a trustee of "Wesleyan Female College, the leading Methodist college for women in the South, from 1874 forward, and a trustee of Emory, the state Methodist college for men, for the same period of time. For years he was one of the trustees for the Orphanage under the control and support of his denomination, located at Decatur, Georgia. He was married to Miss Virginia Lester January 22, 1850, and to their marriage were born six children. Mrs. Virginia Lester Bell died April 30, 1888, and Colonel Bell was united in marriage to Miss Anna Adelaide Jordan, of Eatonton, June 11,' 1890. Colonel Bell died at the home of'his son, Judge George Bell, in Atlanta, on August 16,1907.

CARLISLE P. BBMAN was born in Hampton, Washington County, New York, May 5, 1797. In his sixteenth year he accompanied his brother, Rev. Nathan S. S. Beman, to Hancock County, Georgia, where he was pastor of a church and rector of a large boarding school. Carlisle was both a pupil and a teacher there. He graduated from Middleburg College, Vermont, in 1818, and two years- after associated himself with his brother in the conduct of his academy. At the same time he pursued his theological studies and

2022

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

continued them until the close of 1823. At the beginning of 1824 he took charge of the Eatonton Academy, but he was forced, by continued ill health, to abandon the.school. At Bethany, Green County, April 3, 1824, he was licensed to preach the gospel by Hopewell Presbytery.
In 1827 he assumed the charge of the Mount Zion Academy, formerly taught by his brother, as principal, and continued at the head of this school until his removal to Midway, near Milledgeville, in 1835, as rector or principal of the Manual Labor School, then established at that place by Hopewell Presbytery. This school was soon after elevated to a college under the name of Ogiethorpe University and transferred to the care and control of the Synod of South Carolina and Georgia, with Rev. C. P. Beman as its first president. This position he held from 1836 to 1840.
At the meeting of Presbytery at Forsyth, April 5, 1829, the church of South Liberty, Green County, which had recently been organized, mainly through his ministry as a licentiate, presented a call to Mr. Beman for his pastoral labors in that congregation. July 11,1829, he was regularly ordained and installed pastor over that people. 'Mr. Beman retained his connection with the school at Mount Zion while pastor of South Liberty Church. April 2, 1833, his pastoral relations to that church were dissolved, having continued only about four years. He never formed any' other pastoral connection.
At the close of the year 1840 Mr. Beman resigned the presidency of Ogiethorpe University and removed to La Grange. He established a high school at that place and remained in charge until 1844. "While residing in La Grange he organized the Brainerd Church in Heard County, and preached for this church several years, although the place of worship was
twenty miles from his residence, and for five> days of each week he was con fined in the schoolroom. In 1846 he returned to Mount Zion and established a private boarding school, with a limited number of boys and young men. He continued this school until about 1859, when he retired. In 1855 the honorary title of Doctor of Divinity was conferred upon him by Ogiethorpe University. He died at his home in Mount Zion, Hancock County, on December 12, 1875.

JAMES L. BEAVERS. The Arcadian days may come when evil-doers no longer menace the health, prosperity and happiness of a regenerated people, but no such epoch has been noted thus far in the twentieth century. The forces of evil yet prevail and until communities awaken an4 not only call to their aid the protective activities of their governmental organizations, the most effective of which is the "long arm" of the police department, but give gen uine encouragement and sincere assistance to the same, permanent improve ment may not be expected. Each American city has its body of police more or less efficient, but not every city has had so wise, brave, resourceful and deter mined a chief of police as had Atlanta in James L. Beavers, who served in that office with remarkable success from his appointment in August, 1911, to the time of his removal from office, in August, 1915.
James L. Beavers is a native son of Georgia, born in Clayton County, February 19, 1866, and the old hewed loghouse still stands on the Beavers farm, which his father cultivated for many years before engaging in business as a merchant. James L. Beavers is a son of George W. and Seppie (Lasseter) Beavers. The father was born January 26, 1839, in Milton County, Georgia. He was reared on a farm and left the old homestead at the begin ning of the war between the states to become a soldier, entering the Forty-
fourth Georgia Volunteers, He served in "Stonewall" Jackson's division until the death of that gallant officer; was wounded at the battle of Chancellorsville, Virginia, in 1863, and at the battle of 'Spottsylvania Court
House, May 10, 1864, he was captured by the Union forces and was confined at Fort Delaware until the close of the war, a period of ten months. After

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2023

leaving the farm he became a country merchant, in Milton County, and later, after removing to Atlanta, of which city he is now a retired resident, he
engaged for a time in a wood and coal business. He is of Welsh ancestry, his grandfather having emigrated from Wales and settled in North Carolina, in which state his father, Aulsey Beavers, was born, later removing to Milton
County, Georgia. Prior to the war between the states, George W. Beavers was married to a
Miss Huie, who died during the war period, the mother of two children: Dora, who became the wife of Alfred Jett and both are now deceased; and Reuben E., who is survived by a widow and six children, all being residents of Atlanta. Immediately after the war Mr. Beavers was married to Miss
Seppie Lasseter, who was born in Clayton County, Georgia, a daughter of Jesse Lasseter. She died in 1869, the mother of two children: James Litchfield and Sarah Frances. The latter became the wife of Linton S. Bethea and the mother of eleven children, nine of whom survive her, her death occurring March 15, 1915. The third marriage of Mr. Beavers was to Miss Lucinda Nisbet, who is now deceased. She was the mother of two daughters, one of whom died in childhood, the survivor being Mrs. Lula Jackson, now
of Decatur, Georgia. James Litchfield Beavers was three years old when his mother died and
five years old when his father moved to Roswell, Milton County, with whom he remained until he was sixteen years of age. During the next two years he lived with his maternal grandparents, when he married, and for one year afterward resided on a farm in Clayton County, moving then to Hapeville, in Fulton County, where, for two years, he cultivated a truck farm. In 1887 Mr. Beavers came to Atlanta and embarked in a retail grocery business on West Mitchell Street, conducting it for two years on a paying basis.
On January 26, 1889, Mr. Beavers became first identified with the police
department of Atlanta, starting out as a patrolman and was continuously connected with this organization for twenty-six years and six months to a day. During that long period he had honorably filled every position of the department. After a service of ten years as a patrolman he was made a sergeant and later a captain, serving as such f6r four years and many times proving his efficiency before he was made chief of police, on August 11, 1911. From the very first he showed what would be the policy of his administration, aggressive attacks on commercialized vice, one result of which was the closing of Atlanta's "red light" district,' in 1912. This formerly unheard of exer
cise of police power brought him the approval of the city's best citizenship, but, as in every public condition, there were interests that had not been consulted and therefore withheld what seemingly should have been universal commendation. This move of Chief Beavers seemed to arouse the citizens of other southern cities where similar evils prevailed, and has resulted in equally stringent civic laws all over the country. In many other directions Chief Beavers displayed his particular fitness for the office he so admirably filled and there are many among the earnest and law-abiding citizens of Atlanta who feel and express their regret that the best chief of police that the city ever had has been removed from this important office by a board of commissioners who, they believe, were in sympathy with the interests that were not consulted when the "red light" district was closed.
On February 7, 1884, James L. Beavers was united in marriage in Clayton County, Georgia, with Mrs. Martha Idella (Jones) Huie. She is the daughter of Edward Lovelace and Lucy (Thurman) Jones, and was the widow of John Patterson Huie at tne time of her second marriage, to which two sons have been born: Paul Litchfield Taylor Beavers and Reuben Willis Beavers. Both sons are married, and in the home of the former are two grandchildren, William James and George Willis Beavers.
From his youth Mr. Beavers has been a member of the Presbyterian

1

2024 -

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

Church and is an elder in this body at Atlanta. He is identified with the Masonic fraternity and the Improved Order of Red Men, and belongs to the International Association of Police Chiefs of the United States and Canada,
and for the past three years has been a member of the executive committee of this organization, this fact illustrating the extreme regard in which he is held by this high authority.

WILLIAM L. GILBERT, M. D. Not only because of professional skill and personal stability may attention be called to Dr. William L. Gilbert, a promi nent physician and surgeon of Atlanta, but also stress may be laid on his public spirit and other qualifications which have led to his being entrusted by his fellow citizens with the duties pertaining to responsible public offices. Doctor Gilbert was born March 22, 1866, on a farm in Fulton County, Geor gia, five miles south of Atlanta. His parents were Jeremiah S. and Matilda J. (Perkerson) Gilbert.
Jeremiah S. Gilbert, father of Doctor Gilbert, still resides on his old homestead farm in Fulton County and was born in Georgia of Scotch-Irish parents. His father, Dr. William Gilbert, was a well known physician, who died about the time of the war between the states, in which Jeremiah S. par ticipated as a Confederate soldier. He-married Matilda J. Perkerson, who was born in Fulton County, Georgia, and died in the same county when aged sixty-seven years.
William L. Gilbert was reared on his father's farm and was, to some extent, interested in agriculture until he was nineteen years of age. At that time, after completing the public school course, he applied himself indus triously to the study of medicine and became a student in the Atlanta Medical College, from which he was graduated in 1888. Subsequently he took a post-graduate course in old Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, where he was creditably graduated in 1891. Since that time Doctor Gilbert has been in practice at Atlanta and has built up a professional reputation which is one of solidity as was manifested in the public confidence that brought about his election in 1908 as a member of the board of health and his advancement to the presidency of this body. He served with marked courage and usefulness until 1915, when he resigned in order to assume the duties of a county commissioner, to which office he was elected in the fall of 1914. With an experience of twenty-seven years in medical practice, Doctor Gilbert gave himself largely to his patients and, for one who, for so long a time, bore the weight of responsibilities of such a character, his appearance belies his age. His profession demanded alertness and strength of person ality, and the same qualities will serve him well in -the office which for some time will claim a large part of his attention.
Doctor Gilbert was married in 1889 to Miss Minnie Holcombe, who died in 1900, leaving two daughters, Laura Belle and Minnie Holcombe, the former of whom is now the wife of J. T. Holland of Atlanta.
Identified with the Fulton County Medical Society, the Georgia State Medical Society and the American Medical Association, Doctor Gilbert prizes highly all these professional ties. He belongs also to the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce and the Atlanta Athletic Club and for many years has been both a Mason and an Elk. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal
Church.
HON. PEYTON L. WADE. There has not arisen in the State of Georgia within the present generation a more brilliant or accomplished lawyer or a finer citizen than Hon. Peyton L. Wade, associate judge of the Court of Appeals. Before being elevated to the bench, Judge Wade had for a long period of years been engaged in general practice at Dublin, where his profes sional associates unhesitatingly placed him among the most able practitioners

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

' 2025

who ever graced the bar. Mr. "Wade is a native son of Georgia, having been born at the old family homestead, "Lebanon Forest," in Screven County, January 9, 1865, and is a son of Robert M. and Frederica (Washburn) Wade.
The Wade family, an old one in both England and Wales, was established in New England in the early colonial period of America, this being of English origin, while another branch, said to be of Welsh origin, was founded in Spottsylvania County, Virginia, the latter being the one from which Judge Wade is descended. Rev. Peyton L. Wade, the paternal grandfather of the judge, was in early life a member of the Georgia Conference of the Methodist Epis copal Church, with which he was identified as an earnest .adherent of the faith until his death, at an advanced age, in 1866. His extended landed estate was located in Screven County, Georgia, and his plantations were cultivated by slave labor, he having more than 500 negroes prior to the war between the South and the North. Rev. Peyton L. Wade was a man of greiat learning, and wielded a strong and distinct influence in his community. He was married twice, having no children by his first union, while his second wife was Elizabeth Robert, a lineal descendant of Pierre Robert, a French Huguenot and early settler of South Carolina. On the maternal side, Judge Wade's grandfather was Joseph Washburn, a native of Massachusetts, and a member of a family which was founded in that state by John Washburn, who settled at Duxbury in 1631. Perhaps no man in the history of this country has had a more distinguished array of descendants than the old Puri tan emigrant, whose progeny furnished throughout the following generation men of prominence in every walk of life. He was himself one of the early secretaries of the colonies, and Col. Seth Washburn, the great-great-grand father of Judge Wade, commanded a regiment during the Revolutionary war, and afterwards was the incumbent of various positions of an official character. Judge Emory Washburn, brother of Joseph Washburn, the grandfather of Judge Wade, was the last of the whig governors of Massa chusetts, was for many years Bussey professor of law at Harvard University, and, in addition to other legal and historical works, the distinguished author of "Washburn on Real Property," which is still a recognized authority. Joseph Washburn, as a young man, went to Savannah, Georgia, where he passed the remainder of his life and became a man of influence and promi nence, being for many years president of the old Savannah Bank. He was three times married, his second wife being Martha Ingersoll, a native of Mas sachusetts, and a member of the well-known family of that name, and she became the grandmother of Judge Wade.
Robert M. Wade, the father of Judge Wade, was born March 5,1840, and grew to manhood in Screven County. He was married to Frederica Washburn, who was born in Savannah, Georgia, August 31, 1844. Receiving a military education in the Military Institute at Marietta, Georgia, from which he was graduated in 1860, Mr. Wade studied medicine at Savannah until 1862, when he was given a lieutenant's commission in the Confederate army, which he entered as a member of the First Georgia Regulars, but resigned on account of a severe illness, and again enlisted in Savannah, a few weeks after his return home. He saw much active service, and during the latter part of the war was transferred to the staff of Gen. Frank W. Capers, of the Georgia Militia, with the rank of captain and was serving actively when he surrendered with the army of Gen. Joseph E. Johnston, in 1865. With the cessation of hostilities, he resumed his medical studies and subsequently engaged in the practice of his profession until 1898, when, owing to impaired health, lie retired. After a residence of nearly a quarter of a century at Athens, he passed away at that town, December 7,1904. His wife, the mother of Judge Wade, died in Athens, Georgia, June 16, 1916.
The period of Judge Wade's college career was one of particular bril-

2026

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

liance, in which he displayed many of the talents that in after life were to carry him to high position. At the time of his graduation from the Univer sity of Georgia, in 1886, he ranked fifth "distinguished," in the Bachelor of Arts degree, was class tree orator and junior speaker on composition, having won the latter place in a competitive contest. He was one of the editors of the college paper, and one of the editors of the first "Pandora" published at the university, to which he contributed many pieces of rhyme in that and subsequent issues. He was senior speaker, having won his place on class standing, and was class poet of the class of 1886. That talent and ability were not lacking among the forty-seven members of that class is shown by the names of those who made up the roll, which included John M. Slaton, of Atlanta, former president of the Senate; W. L. Clay and J. D. Carswell, of Savannah; W. E. Wootten, of Albany, and John W. Grant, of Atlanta, one of the leading capitalists of the state, who has given much time to the public service.
After his graduation, Judge Wade began the study of law under the capable preceptorship of his uncle, U. P. Wade, of Sylvania, Screven County,
a distinguished lawyer of his day who served as a member of the General Assembly in both houses, and as a member of the constitutional convention of 1877. Judge Wade was admitted to the bar in November, 1888, and went to Athens, where he opened an office and practiced for six months, but in 1889
removed to Dublin, where he continued to be engaged in practice until he was elevated to the bench of the Court of Appeals as associate judge, in
February, 1914, was elected without opposition later in that year to fill the remainder of the unexpired term to which he was appointed, and on June 6, 1916, became chief judge of the court. Judge Wade has always been abso lutely devoted to his profession and has allowed no other influences or inter ests to interfere therewith. It was his fortune to be possessed at the outset of his career with a predilection and inherent talents for the law, a founda tion upon which he built a substantial structure of thorough and comprehen sive legal knowledge by years of training, assiduous study and varied experi ence. As the years passed he advanced steadily both in position and the emoluments attached to such a position, until he became justly regarded as one of the foremost lawyers of his part of the state. Politically a democrat, he did not allow political matters to divert him from his beloved profession, and had no experience in office of a public nature until being appointed to his present position. As a jurist he has maintained his high standing in the
law and strengthened his position in the confidence of practitioners all over the state.
When not engaged in the arduous duties of his judicial office, Judge Wade is often to be found in his magnificent library, which includes in addi tion to his law library a private library of more than 3;000 volumes and many costly editions. Unlike many others, he did not give up his studies when he left college halls, but has continued in earnest investigation and research, and loves his books as the true student, not merely as an accumulator. Fra ternally, Judge Wade belongs to the Knights of Pythias and the Royal Arcanum, and also holds membership in the Phi Gamma Delta fraternity, which he joined while at college, and is a member of the University of Geor gia Chapter of Phi Beta Kappa.
Judge Wade was married April 13, 1895, to Miss Gussie K. Black, daugh ter of the late George R. and Georgia (Bryan) Black, of Screven County, Georgia, Mrs. Wade's father, George R. Black, was a lieutenant colonel in the Confederate army, and a member, in later years, of the Forty-seventh Congress. Her grandfather, Edward J. Black, was a member of the Twentysixth, Twenty-seventh and Twenty-eighth Congress, and one of the prominent
and influential men of his day. Judge and Mrs. Wade have one daughter, Frederica Washburn.

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2027

JOHN LEWIS TYE. Thirty-five years of honorable and successful practice at the Atlanta bar have made John Lewis Tye one of the best known legists of Georgia, a legal bulwark in fact, his age, important services, fine personal appearance and well-stored mind contributing" to a whole of great practical importance to his city and his state. Mr. Tye is a native son of Georgia, born at McDonough, March 4, 1859, his parents being Dr. L. M. and Mary Ann (Crockett) Tye, the former a native of North Carolina who came to McDon
ough, Georgia, about 1840. For a number of years the Tye family has occupied an honorable, if not
distinguished, position in England, and there the name is very ancient, being found in Suffolk and Essex under the present spelling of Tye. Also a very old spelling of the name is Teigh, the Irish form of the name is Tighe, and the word originally meant "a piece of pasture land," the. name being derived, in all probability, at a time when men were taking surnames from some individual who was a large owner of pasture land or raiser of stock. There is also a family tradition that the family is of Scotch-Irish descent.
The public schools of McDonough furnished John Lewis Tye with his preliminary educational training, and he was thirteen years of age when he entered a preparatory school at Kirkwood, Georgia, from which he went to the State University. There he was graduated with the degree of Bachelor of Arts and the class of 1876, and among his classmates were: Andrew J. Cobb, L. M. Landrum, B. M. Hall and George D. Thomas. Following his graduation from the university, Mr. Tye entered the law department of Columbia University, where he was given his degree in 1880, and there, as he had at the university, he displayed marked talents as a student and debater, giving evidence even then of the possession of talents that were to take him to a foremost place in his profession.
At the time of his graduation from Columbia University, Mr. Tye located at Atlanta, where he opened offices and entered actively upon the practice of his chosen calling. His undoubted talents soon won the young man recogni tion and business of the most desirable kind came to him. His ambitions were centered upon his calling, outside interests could not call him from its duties, and as the years passed he steadily arose both in his profession and the compensations and rewards which attend the successful lawyer. While he could not find the time from his practice to engage in political affairs, he was, from the start, a stanch democrat, and in 1884 was nominated as an elector on the democratic ticket, a capacity in which he had the pleasure of voting for the first democratic president to be elected after the Civil war. Mr. Tye formed a partnership, in 1890, with Mr. J. Carroll Payne, thus founding the firm of Payne & Tye, which became one of the strong legal combinations of the state and remained as such for a period of twenty years, this firm having probably the largest corporation business of any concern in Atlanta, and participating in nearly all the important railroad litigation which came before the courts of the state. A fee of $25,000 was granted the firm for being able to secure jurisdiction of the property by the state courts of the Atlanta & Florida Railroad Company, of which the United States had gained possession. The firm -of Payne & Tye was mutually dissolved in 1908, and since that time Mr. Tye has continued in active practice, retaining a large part of the old business and adding thereto much new and important practice. At the present time he is attorney for the Nashville, Chattanooga & St. Louis Railway, the Louisville & Nashville Railroad and the Western & Atlantic Railroad. He holds membership in the various organizations of his profession, and the high regard in which he is held by his professional brethren may be estimated by his election to the vice presidency of the American Bar Association, one of the highest honors attainable by an attorney. Mr. Tye is an active member of the Chamber of Commerce, and is a director in the Third National and Georgia Savings banks, both of Atlanta. He has

2028

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

at all times been an earnest friend of education, morality and religion, and with his family is a member of the North Avenue Presbyterian Church. While his home attracts Mr. Tye in greater degree than any outside pleasure, he enjoys also the companionship of his fellow-men, and holds membership in the Masons and is a popular member of nearly all the prominent Atlanta clubs. He has never ceased to be a student of his profession, but also studies other subjects, principally history and current literature.
Mr. Tye was married in 1883 to Miss Carrie "Wilson, a daughter of Benjamin J. Wilson, of Atlanta, and seven children have been born to this
union: Myrtle; Benjamin, who is an attorney; John L., Jr.; Carroll; Ethel; Carolyn and William.

WILLIAM T. ASHFORD. In a rapidly developing and expanding city like Atlanta, solid, reliable, far-sighted business men find many legitimate oppor
tunities, and this has been the case with William T. Ashford, one of Atlanta's capitalists, who, at present gives the larger part of his time and attention to the management of an enterprise that he established in 1908, this-being the Ashford Park Nurseries.
William T. Ashford is a native of Georgia, and was born in Clark County in 1845. After a preliminary course in school he entered Miami University, at Oxford, Ohio, where he was graduated in 1868. His first business connec tion was with the wholesale dry goods firm of Moore & Marsh, at Atlanta, Georgia, beginning at the bottom of the ladder and through industry and business fidelity rapidly advancing until he became so indispensable that he was admitted to partnership. For many years the name of this firm carried with it great weight all over the South, and Mr. Ashford, as the active managing partner, became widely known. For twenty-eight years he was associated with the firm and helped to develop its interests. In 1890 Mr. Ash ford became president of the Kenesaw Company of Atlanta, which was organ ized for the purpose of manufacturing and selling fertilizers and expanded into a great enterprise.
In the meanwhile Mr. Ashford invested in much land in the neighbor hood surrounding Atlanta and its advance in value has been phenomenal, largely caused by the expansion of the city toward the north. Land that he secured for $30 per acre, but nine years ago, he now declines to sell for ten times that amount. In 1908, in association with his son-in-law, H. C. Caldwell, he established the Ashford Park Nurseries, on his land ten miles north of Atlanta, where he owns 900 acres, situated on Peachtree Road, exactly in the advancing path of the city's expansion. The nurseries occupy about 200 acres and the firm has found their enterprise one of great success and of still greater expansion. For many years Mr. Ashford has taken a great deal of pleas ure' in the beautifying of his country home, on the corner of Peachtree Street and Ponce de Leon Avenue, and the management of his nurseries afford him occupation that is very congenial as well as remunerative. In every business enterprise with which his name has been connected, public confidence has never been misplaced, and when purchasers from at home or at a distance receive their orders from the Ashford nurseries! they know that satisfaction
is assured both in quantity and quality. In 1872 Mr. Ashford was united in marriage with Miss Jennie Kirkpat-
rick, who was born at Chillicothe, Ohio, and died at Atlanta, in 1911. One
daughter survives, Mrs. H. C. Caldwell. During the war between the states, Mr. Ashford followed in the direction
that he felt duty called, serving for eighteen never to be forgotten months as a member of the Troupe Artillery, a Georgia body of soldiers that did valor ous service in the Confederate army, with which he shared in the continuous
fighting from June 15, 1864, to April 2, 1865, in the siege of Petersburg, Virginia. He fortunately escaped all serious injury and after hostilities

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2029

closed returned to Georgia. Never desiring public office, he has not taken any active part in public affairs, but has always cast his vote in support of prin ciples he believes to be just and right. For many years he has been a member of the First Methodist Episcopal Church, South, of Atlanta, and has always been ready and willing to further benevolent and charitable movements.

ROBERT H. JONES, JR. The qualities of a fine mind, the endowments of a finished orator and leader among men, and a steady and persevering industry have given Robert H. Jones, Jr., an accumulation of distinction
and accomplishment such as rarely falls to a young lawyer who has only recently passed his thirtieth birthday. Mr. Jones is a Princeton University man, has his law degree from the University of Georgia, and his numerous social and scholarship honors during his college career are the more note worthy for the fact that he practically paid every cent of his expenses for a higher education through his own earnings.
Of a notable Southern family, Robert H. Jones, Jr., was born at Jack sonville, Florida, June 7, 1884. H'is father, Robert H. Jones, Sr., has for a number of years been a prominent citizen of Atlanta, was born'in Liberty County, Georgia, and at Jacksonville, Florida, was engaged in the wholesale grocery trade. In 1889 the family removed to Atlanta, where the parents still reside. The paternal grandfather, Maj. Andrew Maybank Jones, was also a native of Liberty County, Georgia, and gained his title of major by service in the Civil war. The maiden name of the mother of Mr. Jones was Susan Gilchrist Baker, who was born in Florida, daughter of Judge James D. Baker, who represented the State of Florida in the Senate of the Confed
eracy during the war.
Robert H. Jones, Jr., was graduated from the Boys' High School of Atlanta in 1901, taking the first honors in a.class of thirty-three. The next year was spent in one of the business departments of the Atlanta Constitution, and by the practice of rigid economy he saved $200. This he at once invested in a higher education. lie took the money with him in the fall of 1902 and entered Princeton University, where he completed the full four years course, graduating A. B. in 1906. Woodrow Wilson, now President of the United States, was president of Princeton University throughout his college career. The $200 served only to give him a good start on his collegiate course, and he paid the rest of his way through Princeton by doing reportorial work for the various newspapers throughout the country. In Princeton he was editor of some of the university publications, and though a student depending on his own means he won social popularity. His graduating class consisted of 276 members, and he was awarded the distinction of the Phi Beta Kappa honors, the significance of which is that he was one of the first ten in stand point of scholarship.
After his return to Atlanta he was for a few months engaged in insurance work, and in January, 1907, entered the law department of the University of Georgia, and completed the full two years' course in one year and a half. There again he paid his own way by work along similar lines he had fol lowed in Princeton. Mr. Jones graduated LL. B. in June, 1908, and at once took up the practice of law, which he has continued with promising success.
Mr. Jones is a democrat, and has much admiration both for his former college president and the present national executive. He is secretary of the Princeton Alumni Association of Georgia, and was formerly president of the Atlanta Sigma Alpha Epsilon Association. In Masonry he holds membership with Piedmont Lodge No. 447, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, is a member of the "Westminster Presbyterian Church, of the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce, of the Atlanta Bar and the Georgia State Bar Association, and is secretary and general attorney for the Atlanta Development Company.
On November 5, 1910, Mr. Jones married Miss Kate Waldo of Atlanta,

2030

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

daughter of A. L. Waldo and a niece of Gov. John M. Slaton of Georgia. They have three sons and one daughter: Albie Waldo Jones, born February 25, 1912; Robert H. Jones III, born September 8, 1913; Nancy Waldo Jones, born February 20, 1915; and Slaton Martin Jones, born June 2, 1916.
ISAAC WHEELER AVERY, lawyer, journalist, historian and distinguished Confederate soldier, was born at St. Augustine, Florida, May 2, 1837. He enjoyed his first educational training from the Rev. George White, a noted, teacher, clergyman and historian of Georgia, and was graduated from Ogle-thorpe University in 1854, winning at the early age of fourteen the first sophomore prize in declamation. He taught school for a year, and at nine teen was reporting the work of the Legislature for two of the leading demo cratic papers of the state. He read law, and was admitted to the bar at Savannah in 1860.
At the outbreak of the war he was a young lawyer just entering upon the practice of his profession. He was a member of the Oglethorpe Infantry, of which Francis S. Bartow was captain, and before the conclusion of hostilities had risen from the ranks to the position of colonel of cavalry, commanding a brigade.
In 1866 Colonel Avery established himself in his profession at Dalton, Georgia, and soon gained) a practice, and in that year wrote a digest of the Georgia Supreme Court Reports. In 1867 he was a member of the first demo cratic convention which met after the war, and to him was delegated the important duty of writing a platform.
In 1869 Colonel Avery moved to Atlanta, where the remainder of his life was spent. For some years he was also the editor of the Atlanta Constitu tion, and was also connected at one time with the Atlanta Herald. In 1872 he was a delegate-at-large to. the presidential democratic convention, and served on the platform committee. The same year he became a member of the State Democratic Executive Committee, and served as secretary. From 1877 to 1883 Colonel Avery served as secretary of the Georgia executive department. In 1876 he started and -conducted the Evening1 Capital for one year, during which he successfully carried prohibition of the liquor traffic in Atlanta, and then sold out. In 1881 he published a history of Georgia, covering a period of about thirty years, from 1850 to 1880. In 1886 he was strongly urged for United States minister to Austria, and was from 1887 to 1889 chief of the Public Debt Division of the United States Treasury. In 1890 he became associate editor for Georgia of the National Encyclopedia of American Biography.
In 1892 Colonel Avery began a movement for the establishment of direct trade between southern ports and foreign countries. In this he was so suc cessful that the first year saw several lines in operation, running from Bruns wick to Liverpool, and from Charleston, Savannah, Wilmington, and Pensacola to various foreign ports, and from Fernandina to London. This movement was due solely to his initiative and energy. He died at his home in Atlanta, Georgia, on September 7, 1897, just entering his sixty-first year.
HENRY LEWIS BENNING, lawyer, judge, soldier, patriot, was a native Georgian, born in Columbia County, on April 2, 1814, being one of eleven children. While he was quite young his father removed to Harris County, Georgia, and General Benning's entire life was identified with that section of the state. As a boy he attended the famous school of Doctor Beman, where he was prepared for college and entered the sophomore class of Frank lin College (now the state university), Athens, Georgia, and was graduated at the age of twenty. At the age of twenty-one, in May, 1835, he was admitted to the bar in Columbus, Georgia, and that city was his home for the remainder of his life. In 1837 he was appointed solicitor-general of his circuit by Governor McDonald, and later elected to the General Assembly.

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2031

On September 12, 1839, General Benning was married to Mary Howard

Jones, only daughter of Col. Seaborn and Mary (Howard) Jones. Mrs. Ben

ning 's father was one of the most eminent lawyers of his day.

General Benning resigned his official position and formed a law partner

ship with Colonel Jones. At a later date Col. John A. Jones, son of Col.

Seaborn Jones, was admitted, and the firm was known as Jones, Benning &

Jones. In 1853, then only thirty-nine years of age, he was elected to the

Supreme Court the youngest man up to that time ever elected to that

bench and one of the youngest who has ever filled that position down to the

present time. He served six years, and then resumed the practice of his

profession. He was a strong democrat and an ardent states' rights man.

In 1860 he was vice president of the Baltimore national convention, and in

December of that year a member of the Georgia convention which adopted

the ordinance of secession. The Georgia convention in January, 1861,

appointed him a commissioner to the Virginia convention. In August, 1861,

he raised a regiment of which on the 14th of that month he was elected

colonel. On the 15th his command left for Lynchburg, Virginia, where it

was numbered as the Seventeenth Georgia and assigned to Toombs' brigade.

From Manassas to Sharpsburg, to Fredericksburg, to Chickamauga, to the

Wilderness and to Appomattox first at the head of his regiment, and later

at the head of his brigade he was always on the firing line. Placed in com

mand of Semmes' brigade while General Semmes was absent on sick leave, he

was a little later promoted brigadier-general* and given Toombs' old brigade.

His brigade was attached to the division first commanded by Hood, later by

Field, which was part of Longstreet's corps. At Sharpsburg, September 17,

1862, with two regiments of his brigade, the Twentieth and Second, he

defended the bridge over the Antietam Creek for hours, exposed to the enfilad

ing fire of Burnside's infantry and artillery who were assaulting. The

Federals never carried the bridge, but finally crossed at a ford lower down.

At Chickamauga he had two horses shot under him. Cutting a third from

an army wagon, he rode bareback into the fight at the head of his brigade.

In the Wilderness during the second day's fighting, while leading his brigade,

he was shot through the shoulder. The wound proved to be a very serious

one and disabled him for six months, and he never recovered the perfect use

of his arm. This was the occasion of his first furlough. Through the bloody

storm of the three days' fighting at Gettysburg he emerged unscathed, though

his brigade was in the storm center on Little Round Top. In the long and

arduous campaign around Petersburg, during one of the fiercest attacks made

by the Federals, his brigade on one occasion held its position against the

entire Federal strength for several hours. At Appomattox, preparing to

make an attack on (the enemy, he was informed by a courier that General Lee

was negotiating a surrender. It is said of him that this broke his heart, a.nd

in one minute years were added to his age. But, forming up his brigade, he

marched to the rendezvous and was able to show "all present or accounted

for."

General Benning returned to his home to find his property burned, his

family in'poverty, and. thrown upon him the widow and children of his

brother-in-law. Colonel Jones, and the orphan children of his sister, Caro

line (Mrs. B. Y. Martin). With his brave little wife he took up the burdens

of life, and though her courage never failed, her strength was not equal to

the strain, and though born of a long-lived race, she passed away June 28,

1867 as truly a victim of the war as was her gallant brother, who had fallen

at Gettysburg. After her death, General Benning devoted himself to her

aged mother (then eighty years; old and childleSvs), with the devotion of a

son.

One of the last acts of the Confederate administration was to promote

General Benning to the rank of major-general. Strong m,an as he was, the

VVnoll. ITVV__1135

'



'

2032

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

great labor rendered necessary by the conditions surrounding him broke his strength, and on the 8th day of July, 1875 (then but sixty-one); while on his
way to the court room to engage in a case in which he was profoundly interested and on which he had spent the greater part of the preceding night, he fell by the wayside and within twenty-four hours had passed to his
reward.

HAROLD HIESCH. Since beginning his practice as a lawyer in Atlanta in 1904, Harold Hirsch has attained some unusual distinctions in his profession, particularly in his skillful handling of litigation involving the federal, trade mark and patent laws. His most brilliant legal work was the defense of the Coca Cola Company in the Government suit brought against that institution at Chattanooga. He succeeded in winning a final verdict that was a testi monial to the purity of the Coca Cola Company product. He has conducted much other litigation involving trade-marks and unfair competition all over the United States.
Harold Hirsch was born in Atlanta October 19, 1881, a son of Mr. and Mrs. Henry Hirsch. His father was a native of Germany and his mother came from Richmond, Virginia. Harold Hirsch is a graduate of the Univer sity of Georgia, where he was popular in social affairs, stood high in scholar ship and also participated actively in athletics. He was graduated A. B. in 1901, and then attended the Columbia University Law School of New York City, having his degree LL. B. from that institution in 1904. ]\Ir. Hirsch is a graduate of the Boys' High School of Atlanta, and a year or two ago gave an annual scholarship to be awarded a student of that institution and con ferring upon its recipient the privileges of the University .of Georgia.
Mr. Hirsch is a member of the Atlanta Bar Association. He is a democrat and takes much interest in local affairs. He is ,well known in club circles, being a member of the University Club, the Standard Club and the Knights of Pythias. At the present time Mr. Hirsch is a member of the law firm of Candler, Thomson & Hirsch,-with offices in the Candler Building. He was married in 1906 to Marie E. Brown, daughter of S. B. Brown of Albany, Georgia. They have two children: A daughter, Ernestine, aged six, and Harold, Jr., aged two. Mr. Hirseh resides at 70 Waverly Way.
CHARLES DE WITT KNIGHT. About thirty years ago a green country lad came into Atlanta from a farm in one of the rural districts of Northern Georgia. With a father who was practically an invalid as a result of his service in the Confederate army, and with the necessities of poverty spurring him to action, he accepted the first work of an honorable nature which he could find, and was soon engaged in carrying paving blocks on the streets. Charles De Witt Knight has always had a thorough appreciation of the dignity of labor, and has never been ashamed of the hard manual toil of his earlier years, which was in every sense highly creditable to him. He is now and has been for a number of years one of Atlanta's leading citizens and business men, was for years in the active train service of the Southern Railway system, and is still on the'rolls of that company's employees, though seldom called to active duty, and is also secretary and treasurer of the Piedmont Laundry Company, and a member of the Atlanta City Council.
Born at Marshallville,- Georgia, February 26, 1869, Charles De Witt Knight is a son of the late James Edward Knight, and a grandson of William Edward Knight. Charles D. was a very small boy when his grandfather died at Marshallville, Georgia. James Edward Knight was a locomotive engineer on the Central of Georgia Railway, was born at Macon, Georgia, and died at Powder Springe in 1903, During the war between the states he ran an ammunition train between Atlanta and Macon, and at the battle of Jonesboro in 1864 the Yankees captured both him and his tr&in. He later

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2033

made his escape, but the train was destroyed by its captors. For several years subsequently he lived in Atlanta, but finally removed to Powder Springs, where he died. The mother of Charles D. Knight was Miss Cath erine Langley, who was born and reared in Gwinnett County, Georgia, and died at Powder Springs in July, 1903, surviving her husband by only about five months. Charles D. Knight has one sister, two years his junior, Mrs. Mary Phillips of Atlanta.
He was only fifteen years of age when the family removed to Atlanta for a brief residence. His parents were always people in moderate self-respecting poverty, and consequently the boy had only a limited education and out of sheer necessity had to take up self-supporting work when very .young. For his first work at Atlanta he was paid only 50 cents a day. The streets were then being paved with Belgian blocks, and his duties were carrying these blocks to the negroes who were laying them. At the age of sixteen he promoted himself to a better position in the grocery store of W. E. Lively on the corner of Frazier and Crumley streets. For two years he continued as a clerk in the Lively store, sleeping on a cot in the rear, and taking his meals with the Lively family. His wages at tie beginning were but $3.50 a week, but at the end of two years he was being paid $5 a week. Nearly all this money was promptly paid over to his parents. His father's health was at that time completely broken, and consequently he was no longer able to earn a living, and the brunt of responsibilities for the family's support
devolved upon young Charles. The real beginning of his career, however, was at the age of eighteen,
when he was employed as a flag man on the old East Tennessee, Virginia & Georgia Railroad, now a part of the Southern System. There he was paid $45 a month. He began with that road in 1887, and in 1890, when only twenty-one, was promoted to freight conductor. In the following year, at twenty-two, he was made a passenger conductor. These rapid promotions were not due to any "pull" or other influence, but entirely through his unflagging vigilance, faithful performance and efficiency as a railroad man. Mr. Knight was in active service on the same road as passenger con ductor for a period of eighteen years, from 1891 to 1909. His runs were from Atlanta to Brunswick on the south and from Atlanta to Chattanooga on the north.
In 1909 he secured a leave of absence from the railroad on account of ill health, and for the same reason has never been in active railroading since that time, though he is still carried on the roll of the Southern's passenger conductors, since he has never resigned and was never discharged. The Southern Railroad sends him his annual pass as it always did, and he is in reality subject "to call," so to speak, and while he may never again be in steady active service owing to health, it is his wish to continue the present relations with the road until his death. Not infrequently he is called upon to do service as a passenger conductor on the Southern Railway on special occasions. As recently as July 4, 1915, he was in charge of the Shriner Special from Atlanta to Chattanooga when it started oil its long journey to the Seattle convention.
Since his retirement from the railway service in 1909 Mr. Knight has given his attention to the laundry business, as secretary and treasurer of the Piedmont Laundry Company, located at 83 Trinity Avenue. This is a busi ness which was established by himself and his half-brother, W. C. Cole, in 1907, two years before he gave up railroading. The Piedmont Laundry has made a remarkable growth during its eight years and is now one of Atlanta's five leading steam laundries.
Few men have more active relations with the social and civic affairs of the community than Mr. Knight. He is a Royal Arch and Knight Templar Mason, a Shriner, is an Elk, a member of the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce.

2034

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

and a member and steward of St. John's Methodist Episcopal Church. One work to which he has given much of his time in recent years is the-South eastern Fair Association, of which he is a director and'has been one of the most loyal supporters of the movement since it was inaugurated. 'This association held its first exhibition at Atlanta in the fall of 1915. The plan is to extend its scope and features until ultimately it will be one of the greatest fairs in the United States. Its buildings are at Lakewood inside the corporate limits of Atlanta, and these buildings are of concrete, constructed with the idea of durability and permanency.
For the past twenty-two years Mr. Knight has been a member of the Order of .Railway Conductors, and has taken an active part in its national conventions. On two different occasions he has been the recipient of public honors. In 1910 he was elected police commissioner from the Second Ward, but after serving one year, he resigned to become a member of the City Council, to which he was elected in 1911, and re-elected in 1913. In each of these three campaigns for public office he never asked a single man to vote for him. The offices came wholly unsought, and he was elected because the people had thorough confidence in his ability to render capable service. Since entering the City Council nearly four years ago he has served as chairman of the committee on the auditorium. He also took an active part in organizing Atlanta's Convention Bureau, and during the past four years has been chairman of the committee of council on conventions.
On March 18, 1891, he married Miss Minnie Eugenia Baker, who was born and reared at Ben Hill, Fulton County, Georgia. Their only son, Earl
De Witt Knight, is now assistant manager of the Piedmont Laundry Com pany. This son was married March 19, 1914, to Miss Ruth Cornelius of
Atlanta, and they have an infant daughter named Louise Eugenia, born May 19, 1915.

WILLIAM H. BROTHERTON. Active in business affairs, trustworthy in

public office, honored and esteemed in the circles of acquaintance and friend

ship, and beloved in a large domestic connection, the death of William H.

Brotherton, which occurred at Atlanta, February 29, 1908, affected many

in different walks of life not only in his own city but over a much larger

territory, for both in war and peace he had been a man of worth and enter

prise. Mr. Brotherton was born near Benton, Polk County, Tennessee, in

1839, and was a son of Rev. Levi and Winnie (Epperson) Brotherton. His

* fj

parents were both natives of Tennessee, the father having been born in

Greene County in 1810. He was an ordained minister in the Methodist

Church and preached for more than sixty years in Tennessee and Georgia.

He died November 22, 1893.

When his father was assigned to the church at Dalton, Georgia, in 1848,

William H. Brotherton accompanied the family to the new home and there

attended school and grew to the age of fifteen years. At that time he engaged

in the capacity of a clerk with John F. Senter, at VamelPs Station, which

was situated ten miles north of Dalton, on the Eastern Tennessee, Virginia

& Georgia Railroad. One year later he became a clerk in a drug store at

Dalton and several years afterward, accepted a position with fair salary in

the dry goods house of C. B. Wellborn, at Dalton, but on account of his

previous railroad experience he soon afterward was appointed to fill a posi

tion on the W. & A. Railroad. This position he satisfactorily filled until

there was a change in the road's management, when he returned to Mr. Well

born. In 1858, when nineteen years of age, he embarked in a dry goods

business on his own account, which he conducted until 1862, at Tilton, Georgia.

It was in the second year of the war between the states that Mr. Brother-

ton decided to close his business and enter the Confederate army, and en

listed at Big Shanty in the Thirty-ninth Georgia Regiment and was made

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2035

second lieutenant of Company C, with which he served under Gen. Kirby Smith through the Kentucky campaign, after which he was made commissary, with the rank of captain. Captain Brotherton served in this capacity until the evacuation of Vicksburg, when the Confederate Congress abolished the office of regimental commissary. His services, however, had been too valu able to be dispensed with and he was feappointed by the secretary of war and was'ordered to report to the general army commissary at Atlanta.
Captain Brotherton was first assigned* to duty at Atlanta and later to Albany, Georgia where his activities were continuous, including the building of two packing houses and an abattoir. He received all the cattle from Southwestern Georgia and Florida and had them slaughtered and pickled for army consumption. Later, when sent to West Point, Georgia, he acted as post commissary and had charge of the issuance of provisions to the troops in transit and to the local hospitals. He also received what was called all the ''tax in kind" from Northern Alabama and Georgia, and followed orders faithfully in disposing of it. Considering his comparative youth, his per formance of so many unusual duties to the satisfaction of all concerned, marked him as a man of solidity of character as well as of great executive ability. Although often in danger throughout his long period of military connection, he escaped unhurt but; lost a beloved brother, James M. Brotherton, who was killed near Jackson, Mississippi, April 19, 1863.
In April, 1865, immediately after the close of hostilities, Captain Brotherton came to Atlanta, where he invested his sole capital in dry goods and established himself on the same corner which he continued during his active years to occupy, subsequently improving his property and making it one of the most valuable corners in the city for business purposes. Two years after coming to Atlanta he had become a leading citizen because of his enter prise and public spirit and in 1868 he was elected a member of the city council and served one term, subsequently, in 1873 being again elected and twice afterward, in 1882 and 1883, was re-elected. On March 4, 1895, Captain Brotherton was re-elected to the office of police commissioner, in which he had previously served for a number of years. He was active in many public ways and it was through his efforts that in Atlanta, in Fulton County and in the State of Georgia, that the Australian ballot system was adopted. As a token of honor and appreciation, the avenue known as
Brotherton Street perpetuates his name.
Captain Brotherton was married on February 6, 1859, when in his nine teenth year, to Miss Melvina Faralee Williams, the fifteen-year-old daughter of William Bennett and Susan Washington (Camden) Williams. The father of Mrs. Brotherton was born and reared in Tennessee and from there came to Barton, Georgia, in the early '50s, where he became a harness and saddlery merchant. When the war between the states was declared he refugeed to Acworth, Georgia, where he did not live to see its termination.
Mrs. Brotherton was born at Hillsboro, Coffee County, Tennessee, June 7, 1843. She continues to reside in the old Brotherton residence at No. 235 South Forsythe Street, Atlanta, which has been one of the most hospitable homes in the city. Although Mrs. Brotherton married in girlhood and be came the mother of twelve children, she has not only preserved her comeliness but her health, never having been dangerously ill in her life and still is far more vigorous than others many years younger. Eight of her twelve chil dren yet survive and ten grew to maturity. The record stands thus: Emma Clifford, who died at the age of twenty years; Laura, who died in infancy; Jimmie, who is the widow of Frank A. Small resides with her mother at Atlanta; William M.; Frank M.; Charles H., who is a resident of East Point; Susan Paralee, who is the wife of George I. Walker, of Atlanta; Robert L., who died in 1914; Edgar L., who is a resident of New Orleans; Libbie Louise, who is the 'wife of John M. Berry, of Rome, Georgia; Paul, who died in infancy; and Harold P., who lives at East Point, Georgia.

2036

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

Captain Brotherton and family were ever held in the highest regard in social circles although he ever found 'his greatest pleasure in his home. He
formed no fraternal relations but was very active as a member of the
Methodist Church and was a trustee of Trinity and a steward in the same, this church being known as the strongest in the Methodist body in the state.

JAMES L. ANDERSON. Georgia has reason to feel proud of many things and of many names and her industries and professions have brought her wealth and fame. The legal profession in Georgia has contributed to the state's prominence and in the long record of honorable names to none,is attached more consideration than that of Anderson. For several generations this name has adorned and strengthened court procedures in different parts of the state and a worthy representative is found at Atlanta in James L. Anderson, who prepared the annotations to the Georgia Civil Code of 1895, and is a lawyer of great ability.
James L. Anderson was born at Macon, Georgia, June 29, 1864, and is the second living son of Hon. Clifford and Anna (Le Conte) Anderson. The late Judge Anderson, a sketch of whom will be found in this work, was a distinguished member of bench and bar in Georgia and for ten years served the state as attorney general. Not only did he possess great legal talent himself, but, seemingly, bequeathed the same to his four living sons, all of whom are notable in the profession. Three of the sons: Clifford L., James L. and Custis N., belong to the Atlanta bar, while the fourth, Robert Lanier Anderson, is a member of the Macon bar. Talent other than legal belongs to the family, Robert Lanier Anderson having been named for Robert Lanier, who was the father of Sidney Lanier, the celebrated Southern poet and author. He also was a lawyer and in practice for a time at Macon, his birthplace, but later devoted himself to music and literature and from 1879 until his death in 1881 was lecturer on English literature in Johns Hopkins Uni versity. He was a first cousin of the Anderson sons, Robert Lanier marrying Mary, sister of the late Judge Clifford Anderson. For forty years Judge Anderson and Robert Lanier were law partners at Macon.
James L. Anderson was reared at Macon and was prepared for college by tutors and in private schools, later entering Mercer University, from which he was graduated in 1883. He entered his father's office as a student of law and was admitted to the bar in 1885, and for seventeen years engaged in law practice at Macon, during some years being a t partner with his father. In 1902 he came to Atlanta. In 1895 he completed, after arduous application for three years, the annotations to the Georgia Civil Code, an invaluable
document. On February 2, 1886, Mr. Anderson was united in marriage with Miss
Mary Shields Jones, who is a daughter of the late Donald Brace Jones, for merly a prominent cotton factor at Macon. Mr. and Mrs. Anderson have three daughters: Ruth, who is Mrs. Sam Wilson, of Atlanta; Mary, who is Mrs. John G. Chapman, of Macon; and Elizabeth, who resides at home.
While never willing to accept political office for himself, Mr. Anderson has been a very potent factor in democratic politics in the state. In 1908 he managed the candidacy of Hon. Hoke Smith in the campaign for governor and brought it to a very successful conclusion, Mr. Smith carrying more counties than all of the four other candidates put together. He has been tendered many offices and positions of great responsibility have been sug gested for his consideration, but he has never been tempted because of his devotion to his own profession. He is a member of the Atlanta and of the
Georgia State Bar associations.

SANDERS McDANiEL. A scion of old and honored families of the South and a native son of Georgia, Mr. McDaniel has won secure prestige as one

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2037

of the influential and representative members of the bar of the City of Atlanta and has achieved success in the exacting profession that has long been dignified and honored by the character and services of his distinguished father, Hon. Henry Dickerson McDaniel, who is a former governor of Georgia and who is still engaged in various activities, private and public, though he is nearing the venerable age of four score years. He and his wife maintain their home at Monroe, the judicial center of Walton County, within whose borders both were born and reared, the maiden name of Mrs. McDaniel having been Hester Felker. On other pages of this publication is entered a brief review of the career of Hon. Henry D. McDaniel,. as a loyal and honored citizen who has contributed much to the civic and material progress and pros perity of the state which has been his home from the time of his birth and as chief executive of which he served with marked ability and distinction.
Sanders McDaniel was born at the old family home in Monroe, Walton County, on the 19th of September, 1867, and as indicative of his noteworthy ancestry in the paternal line it may be stated that he is of the sixth genera tion in line of direct descent from John Baldwin and Henry Terry, who were of English lineage and who Avere colonial settlers in Prince Edward County, Virginia. Henry McDaniel, of Amherst County, Virginia, was the great-great grandfather of Sanders McDaniel and removed from the Old Dominion State to South Carolina more than a century ago, his genealogy having traced back to sterling Scotch-Irish origin. Mr. McDaniel is a scion of the fifth genera tion in direct descent also from John Holliday, of Lincoln County, Georgia, and of John H. "Walker, who was a native of Maryland and a pioneer of Lincoln County, Georgia, whence he later remove.d to Walton County. These two ancestors were of English descent and Mr. Walker was a valiant patriot soldier of the Continental line in the war of the Revolution. Ira Oliver McDaniel, grandfather of him whose name initiates this review, was one of the early merchants and influential citizens of Atlanta, where he served a number of terms as a member of the city council and where he gave earnest co-operation in support of measures and enterprises tending to conserve the social and material welfare of the community. Stephen Felker, maternal grandfather of Sanders McDaniel, was born in South Carolina and was a son of Peter Felker, who removed from that state to Tennessee in an early day, the son Stephen eventually coming from Tennessee to Georgia and becoming one of the substantial and influential citizens of Monroe, Walton County, where he passed the residue of his life, as did also his wife, whose maiden name was Malinda Harben, and who was a daughter of Thomas and Hester Harben, besides being a grand-niece of the historic frontiersman, Daniel
Boone.
Sanders McDaniel attended the schools of his native town until he had
completed the curriculum of the high school and he then entered the Univer
sity of Georgia, in which he was graduated as a member of the class of 1886
and from which he received the degree of Bachelor of Arts. He then began
reading law under the effective preceptorship of his honored father and in
1887 he was admitted to the bar in the Superior Court of Walton County.
He forthwith instituted the active practice of his profession in his home City
of Monroe, where he became local counsel for the Georgia Railroad and the
Gainesville, Jefferson & Southern. Railroad. In 1895 he removed to Atlanta,
in which city he has continued his professional activities with unequivocal
success and gained high standing at the bar of the Georgia metropolis. He
has long held responsible counselships with several prominent corporations
oi; the South. In the general practice of his profession he is senior member
of the firm of McDaniel & Black, which controls a large and important law
business and maintains its offices in the fine building of the Trust Company
of Georgia. Mr. McDaniel is president of the Central Bank Block Associa-

2038

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

V,
tion, an important real estate company of Atlanta, the building of which is situated on Whitehall Street viaduct at the juncture with Railroad Street.
Though he has considered his profession worthy of his undivided allegi ance and thus has manifested no desire for public office, Mr. McDaniel is intrinsically loyal and progressive in his civic attitude and is an unwavering supporter of the principles and policies for which the democratic party; stands sponsor. He is affiliated with the Chi Phi college fraternity and in Atlanta holds membership in various civic organizations of representative order, including the Capital City Club and the Piedmont Driving Club.
On the 14th of May, 1895, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. McDaniel to Miss Anne Henderson, daughter qf William A. and Harriet (Smiley) Henderson, of Knoxville, Tennessee, and they have one child, Harriet Smiley, named in honor of her maternal grandmother.

HENRY D. MCDANIEL. A member of a group of able and distinguished men whose character and achievements have transcended local restrictions and made them specially potent and benignant figures in history of develop ment and progress in Georgia, Hon. Henry Dickerson McDaniel, former governor of this commonwealth, is known as a lawyer of high attainments and as a citizen of exalted ideals and utmost loyalty. He has been a resi dent of the Empire State of the South from the time of his nativity to the present and is a representative of one of the representative pioneer families of the state. Now venerable in years, he has retired from the work of his profession, except in an advisory capacity, and resides, in the fine little City
of Monroe, county seat of .Walton County, where he was born on the 4th of September, 1836, and where his* unqualified tenure of popular confidence and esteem makes impossible any consistent application of the scriptural aphorism that "a prophet is not without honor save in his own country." His father, Ira Oliver McDaniel, a native of South Carolina, came to Penfield, Greene County, Georgia, in 1832, and in 1842 to Henry County. As one of the pioneers he afterwards became a prominent and influential mer chant in the City of Atlanta, where, in an early day, he served several terms as a member of the city council and where he did well his part in laying
the foundations upon which has been reared the beautiful metropolis of the state. The wife of Ira 0. McDaniel was a daughter of Daniel Walker, a pioneer merchant of Monroe, Walton County, Georgia, and the latter was a son of John H. Walker, who was a native of Maryland, a patriot soldier in the war of the Revolution, and an early settler of Georgia.
In his youth Henry D. McDaniel received excellent educational advan tages, including those of Mercer University, then at Penfield, Georgia, and now at Macon, this state, in which institution he was graduated as the honor member of the class of 1856. When the cloud of impending civil conflict spread its pall over the national horizon this vigorous young Georgian was opposed to the secession of the southern states. He was, however, the young est member of the Georgia Secession Convention and his loyalty caused him with many of the minority and with many other delegates to subordinate his personal opinions, and to vote for and sign the formal ordinance of seces sion. At this historic convention he was made a member of the standing committee on relations with the slave-holding states of North America. When
the clash of arms came he promptly entered the ranks of the Confederate army, in which he rose to the rank of major and with his gallant command participated in many of the important engagements marking the progress of the great internecine conflict. Major McDaniel especially distinguished himself in the great Battle of Gettysburg, in which he was the leader of the gallant Anderson's brigade on the third day of the conflict. In the retreat from Gettysburg through Maryland he was shot through the body and was captured by the enemy. As a prisoner of war he was confined in

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2039

Northern military hospitals for a period of five months, and in December, 1863, he was sent to the Union prison on Johnson's Island, in Lake Erie, where he was held in captivity until the close of the war, his release having been given him July 28,1865, when he received his formal parole.
Major McElaniel has long been a prominent and influential figure in the political activities in Georgia, as a stalwart and effective advocate of the cause of the democratic party, to which his allegiance has never wavered. He was a member of the state constitutional convention of 1865, and -during the distressing period of so called reconstruction in the southern states he
loyally counseled moderation in sentiment and action and did all in his power to bring renewed prosperity to the prostrate and devasted Southland. In October, 1872, he was elected .representative of Walton County in the lower house of the'State Legislature, having in the meanwhile attained to high standing as a member of the bar in the state. Further evidence of his im pregnable place in popular confidence and esteem was given when he was elected a member of the State Senate, in 1874, and in his re-election in 1878 and 1880. In April, 1883, came the crowning period of his public career, in that he was then chosen governor of Georgia, to fill the unexpired term of the Hon. Alexander H. Stephens, one of the most distinguished characters in the history of Georgia and that of the Confederacy. He ably completed the term of his deceased predecessor and in 1884 was elected governor for the full term, which ended in 1886. Utmost loyalty, discrimination and efficiency marked his administration as chief executive of this commonwealth, and his record has become an integral and worthy part of the history of the state. As governor he had the distinction of approving the act providing for the erection of the new capitol and he chose the five capitol commissioners, he
himself being an ex-officio member of }he commission, which effected the erection of the fine state building and that entirely within the limitations of
the appropriation made for the purpose. Within his gubernatorial term nearly $1,000,000 were paid upon the principal of state bonds, and the interest upon the bonded indebtedness of Georgia was reduced about $130,000 in each year of his service as governor. He proved a master of economic and governmental problems and through his efforts much has-been accomplished that has proved of enduring benefit to the state. While serving as a member of the Legislature he became the author and earnest cham
pion of the bill, presented in the session of 1874, providing for the taxation of the railroads of the state in the same manner as other property, and he had much to do in effecting the passage of, this important act, Georgia thus becoming one of the first states of the Union to make such provision and her example having been emulated by nearly all other states in later years. He is at the present time a member of the directorate of the Georgia Railway & Banking Company and has other large and important capitalistic interests. His continued interest in the well-being of the state is manifest in divers
directions, notably through his service as president of the board of trustees of the University of Georgia, a position of which he is still the valued incum bent; he has served as a member of this board uninterruptedly since 1884.
As a young man Major McDaniel wedded Miss Hester Felker, daughter of Stephen Felker, who was born in South Carolina, whence he accompanied his parents on their removal to Tennessee. From the latter state he came
to Georgia and established his home at Monroe, Walton County, where both he and his wife passed the residue of their lives.: the maiden name of Mrs. Felker was Malinda Harben and she was a kins-woman of Daniel Boone, the historic frontiersman and patriot whose name is written large .on the yearly annals of America. The only children of Major and Mrs. McDaniel are: Landers McDaniel, of the law firm of McDaniel & Black, Atlanta, Georgia, and Mrs, Edgar L. Lichenor, of Monroe, Georgia.

2040

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

JAMES FRANCIS BROACH. The legal profession of Dodge County includes among its members James Francis Broach, who, during the short period of four years of practice, has gained an established position at the bar of East man. Mr. Broach is a native of Walton County, Georgia, where he was born July 22, 1879, and is a son of William H. and Sally (McElroy) Broach. His paternal grandparents were William and 'Samantha Broach, while on the maternal side he is the grandson of Rev. Frank M. and Fanny McElroy, the maternal grandfather having been a well known minister of the Methodist , Episcopal faith.
William H. Broach was born in Walton County, Georgia, in 1849, was there reared on a farm, and when only sixteen years of age, in the closing year of the Civil war, entered the service of the Confederacy. When he returned to his home he completed his education and engaged in farming, a vocation in.which he has been engaged throughout his life, although he has occupied himself with various other ventures and has a number of important interests at Monroe, the county seat of Walton County. He is still hale and hearty, active in body and alert in mind, at the age of sixty-five years. He was married in Walton County to Miss Ally McElroy, who was born at Athens, Clarke County, Georgia, and who died in 1881, at the age of thirty-five years, when her son, James Francis, was a babe of two years. There was one other child in the family, Miss Emma Broach, who is a member of the faculty of the public schools at Marietta, Georgia.
James Francis Broach attended the country schools of Walton County and passed his boyhood on the home farm. With an agricultural career in view, he was sent to the agricultural college at Dahlonega, where he was first lieutenant of cadets at the military academy, and was graduated from that . institution at the age of twenty-foucr years. Farming did not appeal to him as a vocation and he turned his attention to teaching school, for three years being principal of the public school at Iron City, Georgia, and during this time became interested in the law, to which he devoted much private study. Later he entered the University of Georgia, as a student of the law department, being graduated therefrom with his degree June 22, 1911, and after his admission to the bar in the same year began practice at Eastman, which has since been his field of endeavor. Mr. Broach has built up an excellent general practice, and is the representative of a number of important interests of Eastman and the surrounding territory. He bears an excellent reputation in professional circles, holds membership in the Oconee Circuit Bar Association, and is devoted absolutely to his practice.
Fraternally, Mr. Broach is identified with the Masons and the Knights of Pythias, his religous connection is with the Christian Church, while his politi cal support has always been given to the democratic party. He is unmarried.
HARRY GEORGE HASTINGS. It is the enviable distinction of the president of the wholesale and retail seed house of H. G. Hastings Company of Atlanta, that in the past fifteen years he has contributed as much as any other one man in Georgia to the improvement of agricultural conditions in the South. While the City of Atlanta has come to represent the commercial and indus trial center of the southeastern states, it is probably true that no one institu tion with headquarters there has a more vitalizing and invigorating relation with the great agricultural districts than the firm just named; H G. Hastings is a successful business man not only in the ordinary commercial sense, but as a man who has combined good'judgment with high ideals, commercial integrity with a high standard of adequate service for value received, and the prosperity that has followed his efforts has been only incidental to a great work for agricultural betterment and improvement which many years ago his mind conceived and which he has been steadily carrying on toward
greater perfection and influence. While the following article is designed as suggestive comment and descrip-

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2041

tion of Ms individual life work, it is only justice to pay some consideration to his forebears and to give proper credit for what he has accomplished to the excellent inheritance he received from the past. The Hastings family is both an ancient and honorable one,- not only in England but in the New "World. The lineage goes back to Robert de Venoix, who came from Venoix near Caen in Normandy, as a follower of William the Conqueror to England. He was made mareschal or portreeve of Hastings in Surrey. While the name above given designates the town from which he came in Normandy, in England on account of his official position he was put down in the year 1086 as Robert de Hastings. The Hastings families multiplied and prospered, and in the year 1295 Sir Henry de Hastings appears on the writs of that day as Baron Hastings. A little later Sir Thomas de Astley appears under the title of Baron Hastings among those who fought at Evesham against Henry III, and appears to have acquired the title by marriage. In modern times the present Baron Hastings, still bearing the family, name of Astley, is the twenty-first baron. In 1529 one of the Hastings family became Earl of Huntingdon, and the present earl, the fourteenth of the line, bears the name of Warner Francis John Plantagenet Hastings. In America various mem bers of the Hastings family have won distinction. Thomas Hastings came from England and settled in Watertown, Massachusetts, in 1634, and from him is descended a numerous family which from New England spread over all the states between the Atlantic and Pacific. One of the descendants of the American progenitor was George W. Hastings, who was a newspaper publisher in Ohio. He married Candace L. White, and to their union Harry George Hastings was born at Springfield, Ohio, March 8, 1869.
Harry G. Hastings was educated in the public schools of Springfield, Ohio, followed by a course in the Oberlin College of Ohio and also in business schools. In 1884 the family removed to Florida, and there he became inter ested in agriculture and horticulture in Putnam County. In that county he made his first venture in the seed and nursery business. Having succeeded in a moderate way, he planned his life work on larger lines, and chose as the central point for his business the City of Atlanta, the continued growth and development of which he early recognized. Mr. Hastings moved his business to Atlanta in 1899, and has since developed an enterprise which is considered the largest of its kind south of Philadelphia. His trade connections are now all over the South from the Atlantic to the Pacific and to many foreign countries. Through the house of H. G. Hastings Company are distributed 'the products from many farms operated especially for the purpose of grow ing seeds. Mr. Hastings is also president of the Hastings Farm Company, a farm corporation owning and operating 3,200 acres in Troupe County, Georgia, largely for seed growing purposes. So far as known this is the largest acreage under one ownership engaged in seed production in the United States.
Early in his career Mr. Hastings directed his efforts toward the realiza tion of certain ideals, and considered his business not only as a matter of private success but in its relations to the larger good. He was convinced that southern agriculture was at a low ebb by reason of outworn methods and the utter absence of anything like seed selection. His chosen work was to remedy these evil conditions. One of the many factors in the improve ment of agricultural conditions would be the furnishing of seeds bred up with the highest productive vitality. Given good seed the agrieulturist would have every encouragement to suit his methods to realize the highest crop production. Thus Mr. Hastings has not been satisfied to be merely a seller of seeds, but has aimed at being a producer and seller of better seeds than the people had been accustomed to get. His firm was the first seed house in the United States to establish a- seed breeding department as a part of a commercial seed business. In this connection he has distributed among his customers a vast amount of useful literature, and is interested in two

2042

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

corporations one the South Ruralist Company, owning and publishing the Southern Ruralist, an agricultural paper with over a quarter million circula tion, and of which Mr. Hastings is a director, and the Ruralist Press, of which he is the vice president. Through these journals Mr. Hastings has been able to reach and help hundreds of thousands of people. The Ruralist Press has one of the largest and most complete printing organizations in the South. In addition to all these facilities Mr. Hastings has never lost an opportunity to utilize the general press and current periodicals for the expression of his ideas on agricultural problems, and the Atlanta papers have often invited him to contribute his views on current agricultural
questions. The work that has chiefly interested him aside from his business affairs
has been the development and encouragement of the boy's corn clubs and the girl's canning clubs of Georgia, and in all Southern states. This work, organized under the joint auspices of the United States Department of Agri culture and Georgia State Agricultural College, has terminated each year in the annual Georgia Corn Show, held for many years in the State Capitol under the auspices of the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce and which later, was merged into the exhibits of the Southeastern Fair.
Recently some of 'Mr. Hastings' fundamental convictions and views on general agricultural conditions were summarized, and they may be properly repeated in this sketch. It is said that he takes little stock in the ''Back to the Farm" movement and insists that the real solution of the present day problem is "to stay on the farm," a result that can only be obtained by better agricultural education, and by establishing firmly in the minds of the farm boys and girls the fact that Georgia and Southern farms, rightly and intelli gently handled, show better opportunities than -does town or city life for the majority. He contends that the old Southern agricultural system is funda mentally wrong, and that if continued on present lines it can only bring disaster both to country and city. He has contended for years for better feeling between city and country, for less indifference on part of city folk toward problems of the country, and for allaying the common feeling of suspicion and distrust held by farmers and small town people toward the city. He insists that their true and fundamental interests are identical; that neither can prosper at the expense of the other; and that all should
strive in harmony toward a common goal. Mr. Hastings has traveled practically over all the United States and in
many foreign countries, and believes that the Southeast presents the great-' est opportunity for agricultural and horticultural development. He is a Georgian by choice, not by the accident of birth, and as such is proud of the opportunities presented by the state and section and is doing all he can to rouse his fellow citizens to a realization of their opportunities.
That such a man should be individually prosperous is a matter of encour agement to all high minded men, and can excite no envy. In his business relations with the public he has acted on the principle that any business transaction which does not yield a profit to both parties concerned is not a proper transaction, and that the greatest good to the greatest number is
the real foundation of any successful business, Mr. Hastings is a vice president of the Atlantic Chamber of Commerce,
also chairman of the agricultural committee of the Atlanta Chamber of Com merce ; a vice president of the Southeastern Fair Association; a life member and a director of the Georgia Agricultural Society; a life member and former secretary of the Florida State Horticultural Society; a prominent member of the American Seed Trade Association, being chairman of its crop improve ment committee and a member of its membership committee is a member of the Georgia, Horticultural Society and an ex-president of the Georgia Breeders' Association; ,is a director of the Georgia Chamber of Com-

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2043

merce; ex-president of the Georgia Poultry Association; a member and director of Atlanta's best business organization, the Rotary Club; a member of the Ad-Men's, Club; and belongs to the Capital City and the Atlanta Athletic Club of Atlanta. The Southeastern Fair is a truly educational institution, not only for Georgia but for all the Southeastern states. This fair differs essentially from others of its kind in the South, and it is the . design that it shall become an annual Southeastern exposition.
December 25, 1891, Mr. Hastings married Miss Pearl M. Freeborn, daughter of William and Emma (Eyles) Freeborn. Their three children /\are: William Raymond, Harry Stanley and Donald Madison Hastings.
PAUL F. BROWN, D. D. S. One of the younger members of professional circles at Atlanta, Doctor Brown enjoys a large practice in dentistry with offices in the Grant Building, and is well known in the city both socially and professionally.
His birth occurred in Charlotte County, Virginia, on a farm, July 10, 1879. He is the oldest son of Rev. Paul F. and Sallie (Edmunds) Brown, who are now living at Estill, South Carolina, where his father is pastor of the Presbyterian Church. Doctor Brown comes of old Virginia stock on both
sides. His early life was spent in the various localities to which the duties of his
father as a minister called him, and he attended the Chattanooga, Tennessee, High School, and later the Summerlin Institute at Bartow, Florida. He was also graduated from the Florida Military Academy at Bartow, and in 1906 took his degree D. D. S. from the Atlanta Dental College. His first year in practice was spent at Jacksonville, Florida, but he then removed to Atlanta and is now profitably established in his work in that city.
Doctor Brown has his home at Chamblee, a suburb of Atlanta. He is an elder in the Central Presbyterian Church. By his marriage April 25, 1907, to Miss Bessie E. Young he has three sons: Samuel Y., Paul F. Ill and
William Caskey.

WILLIAM EDWIN DUNN, a prominent citizen of Atlanta, is a general con tractor by occupation and has been president of the board of water commis sioners since 1912. He was born in Atlanta on August 28, 1864, and is a son of William Edwin Dunn, Sr., the latter a native son of the State of North Carolina and by trade an iron worker in a rolling mill.
William Edwin Dunn, Sr., came to Atlanta from his native state prior to the Civil war period and was married here in 1858 to Malinda Theresa Horton, of Greenville, North Carolina. She came to Atlanta with her parents, Benja min Franklin and Mary (Vickers) Holter. They were people of excellent family, the father of Boston birth and the mother a daughter of South Caro lina. To William Edwin and Theresa (Horton) Dunn were born three sons, two of them now living. Both are residents of Atlanta one of them the sub ject of this review and the other James Benjamin Dunn. The third son, Horace, died in infancy. The father was living in Atlanta when the Civil war broke out. He was exempt from service, for the Confederacy required the labor of every iron-worker in the South for the manufacture of munitions of war, but Mr. Dunn was not content with any but field service. He was wounded in action during the early part of the war, death coming as a result some two weeks before the birth of his youngest son, William 'Edwin, Jr., in August, 1864.
Mrs. Dunn survived her husband for twenty years. She was long an invalid, and her son William missed many of the advantages that fall to the lot of the average child. He never knew his father, and his mother's con tinued ill-health made it necessary for him to early begin to earn his own living. He undertook to add something to the family fortunes when he was

2044

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

five years old by selling papers in the streets of Atlanta, and summer and winter he was seen plying his trade with an energy and talent that marked him for a successful business man of the future. He never knew the luxury of shoes in those days, and many .other material comforts were denied him. When he was nine years old he went to work in a furniture factory at a weekly wage of 25 cents. He was a year in that work, then secured a place in another furniture establishment at 25 cents a day. It should be mentioned, however, that the first factory is still owing him six weeks' wages at 25 cents a week, for along toward the end of his year of service, the concern failed, owing him for the previous six weeks' labor. The second establishment was the Trowbridge Furniture Company, and he was with that house until he was seventeen years old, when he went to Chattanooga and secured work in a planing mill. He began at a daily wage of $1.75 as a laborer, and his rise in the business was steady and consistent, carrying him through every pha&v; of activity up to the position of superintendent of the works. It was while in Chattanooga that he met and married his wife, who was Sarah Elizabeth Montgomery, better known in Chattanooga and among her friends everywhere as "Sallie." They were married on December 23, 1884. Mrs. Dunn was born on the Chickamauga battlefield on August 15, 1867, and is the daughter of William Freeland Montgomery, a native Georgian and a farmer. He served the Confederacy throughout the Civil war, and was an honored citizen all his days. His wife was Mary Elizabeth Seagle, born in Pickens County, South Carolina, and she was a first cousin of the well known barytone singer, Oscar Seagle, widely known in musical circles. Mrs. Dunn was one of five children born to her parents, four of them being alive today. They are John Alex ander Montgomery, of Oklahoma; Thomas Newton Montgomery, of Chatta nooga, Tennessee; James William Montgomery, of Nashville; and Mrs. William E. Dunn of Atlanta. Mrs. Dunn had a twin sister, who is deceased. She was Nannie Montgomery, and she married John J. Leddy, of New Jersey. She died at the early age of twenty-four years.
In 1888, four years after his marriage to Sallie Montgomery, Mr. Dunn returned to Atlanta and re-entered the service of the Trowbridge Furniture Company as its superintendent. In 1892 he resigned that position, gave his attention to a private business venture, with the result that in the same year the Atlanta Table Company was organized and incorporated under his direc tion, he filling the office of president. He was the head and front of that con cern for sixteen years, selling his interest in it in 1908. The Atlanta Table Company is still one of Atlanta's leading manufacturing industries. Mr, Dunn's talent for organization and development was not permitted to lie dormant thus early, for in the same year of his withdrawal from the Atlanta Table Company's affairs he organized and incorporated the W. E. Dunn Box and Lumber Company, becoming its president. In 1909 the plant was com pletely destroyed by fire, after one successful year of business. Mr. Dunn suffered a loss of about $60,000 as a result of that conflagration, as he had but little insurance, and while it crippled him somewhat, he was not discour aged. While he made plans for the future, he accepted a position as superin tendent of the Atlanta Pole and Novelty Company, and in 1910 he was one of a company to organize the B. F. Meeks Construction Company. He has served the company from then until now as its secretary and treasurer, and their concern is today one of Atlanta's foremost enterprises of its kind. They devote their entire attention to the construction of streets, sidewalks, sewers and waterworks, and their operations are carried on throughout Georgia, Ala bama, Tennessee and South Carolina, the ramifications of the concern being steadily extended as business conditions warrant.
Mr. Dunn served creditably on the Atlanta Park Commission for two years as vice president, and for eight years past has been a member of the Board of Water Commissioners of the city. For the past four years he has been presi-

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2045

dent of the board, and during the year prior to his election to the office of president he served as vice president. His duties in the office of president of this board call for just such qualities as have made Mr. Dunn's life a busi ness success, and no man endowed with less of character and executive ability than he could so successfully handle the position. His fellow citizens, recog nizing his peculiar talent for this work, have retained him in the president's chair during the past four years, and his service has given unqualified satis
faction. Mr. Dunn is a Mason with Knight Templar and Shriner affiliations and
he is a member of the Knights of Pythias and the Red Men. He is a member of the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce and he and his wife are members of the Grant Park Methodist Episcopal Church.
Fourteen children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Dunn six boys and eight girls. A son and a daughter have been claimed by death. The living children are here named as follows: Bessie Theresa, the wife of William A. Kimball of Atlanta; John Trowbridge, who married Lizzie Andrews; William Edwin, Jr.; Henry Grady; Davie Clara; Sarah Margaret; Charles Finley; Horace Horton; Emily Earl; Lillian Christine; Annie Louise and Laura May. They have four grandchildren William Edwin Kimball, Mary Catherine Kimball, Martha Elizabeth Kimball and Sarah Ellen Kimball. The two deceased children of the Dunns were Nellie Lee, who passed away in her fifth year, and Glen Berry, who was two years old when he died.
The family live in a large house of fourteen rooms at No. 85 Park Avenue, which Mr. Dunn built in 1907. It is a modern American home, perfect in its appointments, and presents an air of comfort and refinement that is indica tive of the best in modern American architecture. Mr. and Mrs. Dunn have a host of friends in their home city, and the family moves in leading circles
of the community.

JUDGE RUFUS THOMAS DORSEY. Every man has a motive principle which is the mainspring of his character. With one it is ambition, with another wealth, pride or pleasure. That of the late Rufus Thomas Dorsey was duty, the noblest of all, being, as it is, the only one which abrogates self, and which is therefore too seldom deliberately chosen. Judge Rufus Thomas Dorsey was born in Fayetteville, Georgia, October 2, 1848, and died in Atlanta, Georgia, February 3,1909. His parents were Solomon and Sarah (Glass) Dorsey, and his paternal grandfather John Dorsey, who was the first of the family to settle in Georgia, The name of Dorsey is said to have been derived from D'Arcy, under which form it is an ancient one in England, dating back to the Norman conquest. It was first anglicized into Darcie, then Darsey and finally changed to its present form. The earliest progenitors of the family in this country seem to have settled in Maryland at a very early date in the his" tory of that colony, as the old records show that Richard Preston, of Calvert County, left in his will, probated January 8, 1669, certain lands to his kins man, Ralph Dorsey, and named as residuary legatees of certain other lands his kinsmen, James and John Dorsey (or Darsey). This evidences the fact that the family has been established in Maryland for more than 240 years.
Solomon Dorsey, father of the judge, was a farmer, a man of high charac ter and superior mentality, who occupied a commanding position in his com munity and was universally honored and esteemed. For a number of years prior to the Civil war he held the rank of colonel of militia and continued to hold it during a part of the war, but, impelled by an ardent patriotism, he enlisted in the active armies of the Confederacy and served as lieutenant in the Second Georgia Regiment until the end of the struggle.
Rufus T. Dorsey acquired the first elements of knowledge in the schools of Fayetteville and later attended the select school of Prof. W. H. Andrews
at Campbellton, where he obtained a sound, practical education. When the

2046

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

war between the states broke out he was but thirteen years of age and hence
too young to enter the struggle, but toward the close of it he became the" mem ber of a command organized for home defense and with it did duty at Macon. Completing his school in 1868, he then took up the study of law and was admit ted to the bar in his native town in the following year. In connection with his taking up the study of the law one of his sons tells an amusing story. It appears that young Dorsey was put to work in a field with his brother, John Manson Dorsey, in company with the negro slaves of his Grandfather Dorsey, but whenever he came to a stump in his row would mount it and make a speech. This oratorical practice greatly interfering with the work of the negroes, at his brother's request he was taken out of the work.
Owing to the war and its aftermath Mr. Dorsey had been unable to obtain a college education, the lack of which he keenly felt, but which he nobly over came in his later years. He had the usual struggle of a youig lawyer in a country town. In 1870 he formed a partnership with Colonel Hughey and they practiced together in Fayetteville until the colonel moved to Texas two years later. Mr. Dorsey then continued alone, practicing in all the courts of the circuit until 1879. By that time he had established a reputation as a sound
and even brilliant lawyer and was now in a position to seek a wider field of usefulness and opportunity in his profession. He accordingly came to Atlanta. Before doing so, however, he had had some political experience which had helped to make him more widely known. He had served in the General Assembly in 1873 and 1874, being the first democratic member of the Legis lature from his county after the war, and only winning the struggle after the
most determined opposition. During his term in the General Assembly he was a prominent and influential factor in the restoration of the laws of the
state, which had been brought into much disorder by the Reconstruction regime. Mr. Dorsey had not been long in Atlanta before he was appointed judge
of the City Court, which had jurisdiction in city and criminal business, but did not interfere with his general practice. After he had served as judge for about a year a law was passed limiting the practice of judges, and he accord ingly resigned the office. He had served long enough, however, to gain the reputation of a strong judge, for not one of his decisions while on the City Court bench was ever reversed. This was a record seldom equalled. At times during his residence in Atlanta he served efficiently as a .member of the city council and also as a member of the board of health.
His first legal partnership in Atlanta was with Judge William Wright and John S. Bigby, both former judges of the Coweta Circuit. They continued together until 1889, at which time the firm was dissolved and Judge Dorsey thereupon associated himself with Albert Howell, Jr. Col. P. H. Brewster being later admitted, the firm became Dorsey, Brewster and Howell.- For more than fifteen years subsequently this firm was one of the leading law firms in the South, having at one time the largest corporation business of any in this section. In 1906 Arthur Heyman and Hugh M. Dorsey were admitted, the firm then becoming Dorsey, 'Brewster, Howell and Heyman. This firm was the legal representative of a number of large corporations, in cluding half a dozen great railroad systems, the Southern Express Company, the Western Union Telegraph Company, the Pullman Palace Car Company, the Atlanta Constitution, and others. A noteworthy point in Judge Dorsey's career is that he was elected to every position he ever filled without opposition and unanimously, except on the occasion of his first election to the General
Assembly. Judge Dorsey was a lawyer of surpassing ability. Thoroughly grounded
in the principles of jurisprudence, he was also a fine speaker and logical ' reasoner, and had a most engaging manner. Equally at home before the judge or the jury, he seldom left the court room defeated. And this ability was not confined to one branch of his profession, as he took first rank in both

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2047

civil and criminal law, something which can be said of but few lawyers. His first reputation was won as a criminal lawyer, and at one time his criminal practice grew so large that he could take no more cases. He was interested in some of the most notable murder cases which came up during that part of his career, and what were known as the "Dalton cases," where he assisted in the prosecution and succeeded in convicting several of Dalton's principal merchants. After the firm of Dorsey, Brewster and Howell was organized the partners made an agreement that they would cut out the criminal practice, and Mr. Dorsey then devoted himself to civil law practice, in which he made as great a record as he had in the criminal branch of his profession.
Judge Dorsey was a man of refined tastes, much interested in art and very fond of good pictures. During his life he accumulated quite a collec tion of excellent paintings, the study and contemplation of which gave him great pleasure. As a boy he had an extremely youthful appearance, even for his years, on which account, it is said that on the surrender of Cobb's forces at Macon, the Federals promptly released him. He was a devoted member of the Methodist Church, being for many years a steward of Trinity Church, in Atlanta, and taking a deep and active interest in all religious work. Aside from his great legal ability, the most noteworthy point of his character was that he never sought to accumulate money, nor even to achieve a great repu tation, but simply to do good in the world to be a thoroughly good man and good citizen, and to serve his fellow men in such ways as would contribute to their happiness and well-being. "And so it came about that no man in the community was better loved. His death was mourned by the people of Atlanta as an untimely taking away of one of the most highly valued citizens in the community. He left behind him, indeed,, a good name, which, as the wise man said, 'is more to be desired than great riches/ "
On May 12, 1870, Judge Rufus T. Dorsey was united in marriage with Miss Sarah Matilda Bennett, a daughter of Camelius E. and Emily (Strickland) Bennett, who survives him. They were the parents of six children,
four sons and two daughters Hugh Manson, Rufus Thomas, Jr., Mary Faith, Cam Dawson, Erastus Roy and Sarah Emily, in regard to whom the following facts will complete this record. Hon. Hugh Manson Dorsey is a practicing attorney of Atlanta and solicitor general of Fulton County, being first ap pointed several years ago to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Charles D. Hill. He married Miss Adair Wilkinson, of Valdosta, Georgia. Dr. Rufus Thomas Dorsey is a practicing physician of Atlanta, who married Miss Laura Witham, daughter of William S. Witham of Atlanta. Mary Faith is now the wife of Dr. S. B. Yow, of Lavonia, Georgia. Cam Dawson Dorsey is a lawyer of Atlanta, who married Miss Minnie Adams, daughter of Judge Samuel Adams, of Savannah, Georgia. Erastus Roy Dorsey, a lawyer of Atlanta, married Miss Margaret Northen, daughter of the late Hon. Charles S. Northen, of Atlanta. Sarah Emily is the wife of L. Z. Rosser, Jr., a lawyer of Atlanta and one of the judges of the Municipal Court of this city. It will be seen that all four of the sons of the late Judge Dorsey are professional men, three of them being lawyers and the fourth a physician, all being residents of Atlanta. Both sons-in-law are also professional, men, one being a physician and the other a lawyer.
Mrs. Sarah Matilda (Bennett) Dorsey, who resides at No. 10 East Six teenth Street, Atlanta, was born in Fayette County, Georgia, September 9, ' 1848, the daughter of Camelius E. and Emily Chapel (Strickland) Bennett, as already mentioned. Her paternal grandfather, William Bennett, came to Georgia from Virginia, locating first in Cobb County, and afterwards remov ing to Fayette County. On the outbreak of the war he organized and drilled the first company of soldiers in Fayette County, and wished to enter the service himself, but was not allowed to do so, on account of his advanced age. At the time of his death in 1873 he was eighty-six years old! Camelius E.
Vol. IV 14

2048

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

Bennett, Mrs. Dorsey's father, was born in Franklin County, Georgia, and
died June 19,1897. He was a merchant and farmer by occupation and during the war a Confederate soldier. His marriage to Emily Chapel Strickland
took place November 14,1839. She was born May 6,1821, and died February 25, 1887. Mrs. Dorsey is passing her declining years in comfort and ease, beloved by her children, in whose careers she may take a justifiable pride, and
esteemed by a wide circle of friends, most of them belonging toi the best
families in Atlanta.

EDWARD J. BLACK, jurist and statesman, was born in Beaufort District,
South Carolina, in the year 1806. He was chiefly educated in Georgia under the care of one of his uncles, and after completing an academic course at
Augusta commenced the study of law. Before he was twenty-one he was admitted to the bar, subsequently forming a copartnership with Judge Reid, with whom he practiced for some time. He soon married Miss Kirkland, of Barnwell District, a lady of beauty and considerable wealth, and, settling on
a plantation in Screven County, Georgia, in 1832, devoted himself to planting, politics and the practice of his profession.
The public life of Mr. Black commenced in 1829, when he served two terms in the Georgia Legislature,'having been elected on the whig ticket from Richmond County. After the expiration of his second term, in 1831, he was
the candidate of his party for the office of attorney-general, coming within
three votes of election. In 1839 he was elected to Congress, and during his first term withdrew from the whig party. This act may have cost him re-
election to the Twenty-seventh Congress, though he was rewarded for it in 1842, when he was again elected, this time as a democrat, taking his seat and serving until the end of the second session in 1845. This terminated Mr. Black's public services and he retired to private life.
For several years prior to his death, Mr. Black had suffered from tuber culosis, and this had tended much to weaken his energy. After his last term in Congress, he retired to his home in Augusta, remaining there until 1846, when he went with his family to Barnwell District, South Carolina) where he passed away in less than a month after his arrival.

GEORGE R. BLACK, lawyer, soldier, planter and congressman, was born in Screven County, Georgia, on March 24,1835, and died at Sylvania, Georgia, on November 3,1886. Colonel Black was a descendant from the colonial stock
of our country, his forebears in two lines being Scotch and Irish, and in the third uncertain, as, while the name of Robison is both Scoth and English, the original immigrant appears to have come from Ireland. His father, E. J.
Black, one of the prominent men of the state in his day, looked after the education of his son, sending him to the University of Georgia and to the South Carolina College which latter school he left in his senior year, in 1856, on account of the students' rebellion of that year. One of his uncles, Robert Raymond Reid, was, like his father, a most distinguished lawyer and
public man, who rose to high place. The example of his father and uncle before-him, Colonel Black turned to the law; was admitted to the bar in Savannah in 1857, and started in the practice of his profession in that city; but his private interests as a planter in Screven County shortly compelled 'him to settle in Sylvania, where the remainder of his life was spent, except for the period of the Civil war and of public service.
Colonel Black had the gift of winning friends. He had been popular as
a student at college, and was popular as a young lawyer. In November, 1860, he was elected first lieutenant of the Phoenix Riflemen, which was stationed for a time at Fort Pulaski and which gradually developed into the Sixtythird Georgia Regiment. Of this he became lieutenant-colonel, his command
being assigned to Mercer's Brigade of Walker's Division, Army of the Ten-

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2049

nessee, and participating in the1 campaign from Dalton to Atlanta. Stricken
down by serious illness before the close of the campaign, Colonel Black was
sent to the hospital, at Griffin, and so missed the disastrous end. At the conclusion of the war he resumed the duties of civil life. He was
a delegate to the Constitutional Convention of 1865, and to the National Democratic Convention at Baltimore. From 1874 to 1877 he was a member of the State Senate. A large and successful planter, he served as vice presi
dent of the State Agricultural Society, and was prominent in the agricultural field. Notwithstanding his activities as a planter and as a public man, he
conducted successfully a law practice. As a member of the law firm of Black, Dell and Wade, he was engaged in every leading case that came before the
Screven courts. He was elected as a democrat to the Forty-seventh Congress, covering a period from 1881 to 1883, and began what promised to be a useful
and brilliant political career, which was cut short by a paralytic stroke just before the end of his term. He returned to his home in Sylvania, and sur vived some four years, during which time his mind was active; he was able to conduct his business affairs and retain his interest in the law firm, not liking
to be considered as on the retired list; but as his lower limbs were prac tically useless from the time of the stroke up to his death, he was necessarily
compelled to abstain from public life.

ROBERT R. JACKSON. That the elements of success lie in the individual himself has been distinctively exemplified in the career of Judge Jackson, for his advancement from lowly position has been achieved entirely through his own ability and efforts. Denied all save the most nominal educational ad vantages in his youth, he early gained fellowship with arduous toil in connec tion with the work of the farm on which stood the rude log house which was the place of his nativity, and his progress to his present position as one of the successful and highly respected members of the Atlanta bar has been marked by constant struggle and by the overcoming of obstacles that would have daunted a less valiant and determined soul. Who has known adversity is the more appreciative of success and makes the better use of it. Coming to Atlanta with his young wife and with naught of capitalistic resources, the future lawyer and justice of the peace first found employment with the street-car company, at a merely nominal stipend, and his initial service began on the site of the pretentious and modern Atlanta "skyscraper," the Hurt Building, in which he now maintains his law offices.
In a primitive log house, little more than a cabin, on a farm in Gwinnett County, Georgia, Robert R. Jackson was born on the 21st of June, 1869, and he is a son of James R. and Martha (Bagwell) Jackson, the former of whom was born in that county, on the 21st of March, 1821, a representative of a pioneer family of Georgia, and the latter of whom was born in Anderson County, South Carolina, in 1833. She was the second wife of James R. Jack son and was sixty-eight years of age when she passed to the life eternal. Her husband, who was a country school teacher, merchant and farmer, survived her by several years and continued to reside in Gwinnett County until his death, in August, 1908, at the venerable age of eighty-seven years.
He whose name introduces this review attended school in a 'most desultory way from the time he was' seven years old until he had attained to the age of sixteen years, the most extended period of his attending school in any one year having been a single month, and the shortest period having been four days. The youth was not lacking in ambition and self-reliance, and that he had confidence in his ability to face the battle of life was demonstrated in a significant way when, at the age of nineteen years, he assumed marital re sponsibilities, the bride of his choice and the devoted companion and help meet of the present time having been but sixteen years old at the time of their marriage.

2050

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

After his marriage Judge Jackson established his home in a small log house on a farm in his native county, and two of his highly prized souvenirs, displayed in his law offices of the present time are the pictures of the log cabin in which he was born and that in which he initiated his independent career as a man of family, each of these pioneer type of Georgia, structures having been a primitive dwelling of only one room. Judge Jackson continued to give his attention to agricultural pursuits in his native county and in a limited way until 1895, in September of which year he and his wife made their way to the railway station at Stone Mountain, Dekalb County, where they purchased tickets for Atlanta, in which city they arrived with a cash capital of 52 cents, 15 of which were prodigally expended forthwith for three
bowls of soup. The first regular employment obtained by Judge Jackson was in the street
car barn on Exchange Street, where he began his service at 11 o'clock on the night of March 2,1896, his stipulated compensation being 8 cents an hour. He continued in the employ of the Atlanta Consolidated Street Railway Company 7% years, during the major portion of which period he held the position of motorman. He severed his association with the street-railway
service on the 30th of October, 1902, and thereafter he served fourteen days as a member of the Atlanta police force. His only definite official act in this time was to effect the arrest of one negro newsboy, at 1 o'clock in the morning, and when this youthful culprit cried and otherwise showed consternation at the approach of the patrol wagon, his captor released him and told him to run, a privilege of which he promptly availed himself, the new policeman having never looked upon his indulgence on this occasion as constituting a matter of culpable malfeasance in office.
After his brief experience in a constabulary office Judge Jackson was "unattached" for a day and a half, and he then purchased an interest in a brokerage business on Decatur Street, where he was associated with Pliny Miner in the prosecution of this enterprise until December, 1908. In that year he was elected justice of the peace for the district designated as No. 1422 Georgia Militia, the justices of the peace,having jurisdiction throughout the entire corporate limits of Atlanta, which at that time had a population of about 150,000. Judge Jackson assumed his official duties on the 1st of Janu ary, 1909, and continued the zealous incumbent of his judicial position for a period of forty-one months, within which he disposed of somewhat more than 25,000 cases. Shortly after assuming office he purchased a small library of law books and in addition to giving close attention to the study of the same he decided to make this application not only of service in his official capacity but also a means for preparing himself for the practice of law, though he was forty-one years of age at the time. While serving as justice of the peace he attended the Atlanta Law School thirteen days during the first term and twenty days of the second term. He therefore passed successfully an examina tion before the state board of law examiners, and in July, 1911, he was admitted to the bar of his native state, by Judge William D. Ellis. On the 5th of that month he resigned his position as justice of the peace and he has since given his entire attention to the practice of law. He is a member of the law firm of Gober & Jackson, with offices at 1004 Hurt Building, and the firm has built up an excellent practice, Judge Jackson having achieved a success that fully justifies his choice of vocation. He is an active and loyal worker in behalf of the cause of the democratic party and his character and achieve ment have gained to him the confidence and goodwill of those with whom he has come in contact in the varied relations of life.
On the 23d of December, 1889, was solemnized the marriage of Judge Jackson to Miss Nancy Marian Pounds, who like himself was born and reared in Gwinnett County, their joint financial assets at the time of their marriage having been a single twenty-dollar gold piece. Judge and Mrs. Jackson have

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2051

three sons, all of whom are married and well established in life. Harman II., the eldest son, married several years ago and has two sons; and the younger sons, James E. and Robert R., Jr., have recently assumed connubial responsi bilities, the latter being now a student in the Atlanta Law School.

JOHN D. SIMMONS. When he was only seven years old John D. Simmons first stormed the barriers of business on the streets of Atlanta as a newsboy selling the Atlanta Constitution. Never for any considerable period since then has he been divorced from the newspaper business. He is one of Atlanta's old newsboys, who have made good, and his position in that city is now recognized by a number of prominent associations, though he would un doubtedly choose to be known first and last as manager of' the circulation department of the Atlanta Journal and as a director of the Atlanta Journal
Company. The Simmons home in which he was born May 27, 1872, was at No. 163
Walton Street in Atlanta/ This city has been his home for all his lifetime up to the present. His grandfather was John D. Simmons, who came to Georgia from North Carolina and was one of the early settlers in Hall County, where he conducted a large plantation and owned a number of slaves before the war. His loyalty to the South during the struggle between the states was marked by a devotion which was well emphasized in the incident that is recalled con cerning him. He was at one time during the war offered a valuable block of real estate between Forsyth and Broad streets in Atlanta, for the considera tion of two of his slaves, but he declined the offer, since he fully believed that the Confederacy would triumph. This block of property is today worth
several hundred thousand dollars. Moses T. Simmons, father of John D., was a soldier in the Confederate
States army, and a member of Cobb's Legion of Cavalry. His younger brother, James 0. Simmons, served in the infantry division of Cobb's Legion. This younger brother is still living, his home being in Clark County. After the close of the war Moses T. Simmons embarked in a mercantile business on Marietta Street in Atlanta, and gave his attention to that for several years. Along in the '70s he served as a councilman from the Fifth "Ward. The business firm of which he was a member was Simmons & Hunt. Moses T. Simmons died July 27, 1883. His wife, whom he married in 1868, passed away August 6, 1899. Her maiden name was Mary Anna Elizabeth Morris. She was born at Jonesboro, Georgia, in 1849,' daughter of Joseph S. and Charity (Simmons) Morris. They became the parents of five children, four daughters and one son, all of whom are living. The daughters are: Clara A., Mrs. Harry Morgan of Atlanta; Missie 0., Mrs. W. A. Wells of Thomasville, Georgia; Annie Laurie, Mrs. Virgil B. Harper of Atlanta; and Mattie T., wife of Rev. Charles E. Hitt, a Baptist minister of Atlanta.
Such schooling as John D. Simmons had at the outset of his career was acquired in the public schools of Atlanta. He attended school most of the day, and sold papers night and morning, from the time he was a boy of seven. He was just eleven years of age when his father died, and he at that time assumed still heavier responsibilities, for which he .was well qualified by native energy and by his previous work as a newsboy.
In August, 1883, he became carrier for the Atlanta Journal, and from that day to this he has been identified with that old and influential paper of the state. For the past twenty-five years he has been manager of the Journal's circulation department, and a number of years ago he acquired membership on the board of directors of the Atlanta Journal Company. He is also officially identified with several important business enterprises in Atlanta.
He is president of the George W. Case Investment Company; president of the Burkert-Simmons Company, funeral directors; and a stockholder in various other concerns.

2052

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

;

For many years he has ^taken much interest in fraternal affairs, and in fraternal circles is perhaps one of the hest known men in Georgia. He is a thirty-second degree Mason, also a Knight Templar and Mystic Shriner, and a prominent Elk. In Masonry he is past master, past high priest, past
eminent commander, past thrice illustrious master, and past senior warden of Hermes Lodge of Perfection. His home lodge is Hermes Lodge of Perfec tion in Scottish Rite Masonry. In the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks he is a past exalted ruler and at present a district deputy grand exalted ruler of Georgia North. He is also a past chancellor commander in the Knights of Pythias; past consul commander in the Woodmen of , the World. He is a member and chairman of the board of stewards of the West > Side Methodist Episcopal Church, South. Mr.- Simmons is a former president of the International Circulation Managers Association; is a member of the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce, and in politics is a democrat.
On August 13, 1890, he married Miss Carrie F. Hutchins of Newton County, Georgia. Mr. Simmons has done a great deal in the world of prac tical affairs, and also deserves credit for being the father of a large family of children, ten in number now living, five sons and five daughters. Their names are William H., John L., Mary Lou, Mattie T., Joseph D., Annie, Luther, Henry H.,'Charity and Violet (twins). The oldest son, William H., married Miss Mary Lou Oaks of Decatur, Georgia.

JOHN H. POWELL, M. D. Of the benignant school or system of eclectic medicine and surgery Doctor Powell stands as one of the most distinguished representatives in the South, and this statement is given further .assurance . when it is noted that he is president of the eye, ear, nose and throat section of the National Eclectic Medical Association and the first Southern physician ever given this preferment. In 1915 Doctor Powell entered also upon his third successive term as president of the Georgia Eclectic Medical Associa tion. He is established in the practice of his profession in the City of Atlanta, and concentrates his work and service as a specialist in the diag nosis and treatment of the diseases of the eye, ear, nose and throat, in which domain he controls one of the most extensive and important practices in the entire South, besides being a recognized authority in his chosen sphere of
special professional work. Doctor Powell was born at Lenoir, the judicial center of Caldwell County,
North Carolina, on the 23d of September, 1869, and is a son of Jones E. and Annis S. Powell, the family lineage tracing back to sterling English origin. In America the Powell family has presented a number of dis tinguished physicians, including Dr. Seneca Powell, of Nev York, and Dr. A. M. Powell, of North Carolina. Another honored,scion of this family is Major Powell, a prominent executive of the United States Geographical
Survey.' Dr. John H. Powell acquired his general medical education in the Atlanta
Medical College, and in 1893 he ,was graduated in the Georgia College of Eclectic Medicine and Surgery, another of the admirable institutions of Atlanta. From the latter college he received his degree of Doctor of Medi cine, and the earlier period of his professional career found him engaged in general practice. Desirous of fortifying himself for special branches of practice, Dr. Powell "later completed effective post-graduate courses in the New York Eye and Ear Infirmary and the Chicago Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat Hospital and College, besides pursuing further effective study and investigation along these lines in leading institutions in the City of London, England. His success as a specialist has been on.a parity with his earnest and careful preparation and in authoritative knowledge, and he has been established in practice in Atlanta, as a specialist in the treatment of the diseases of the eye, ear, nose and throat, since 1905. For ten years he was

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2053

a member of the faculty of his alma mater, the Georgia College of Eclectic Medicine and Surgery, and, as previously noted, he is serving his third term as president of the Georgia Eclectic Medical Association, the councils and work of which have been significantly vitalized under his administration. His well-appointed offices are at 316 Atlanta National Bank Building, and his
attractive home is at 840 Peachtree Street. Though loyal in all that makes for good citizenship and earnest in the
support of good government, general and local, Doctor Powell has had neither time nor inclination for public office, but is found aligned as a stalwart advocate of the cause of the democratic party. In his home city he holds membership in the Capital City and Country clubs.
In 1893 was solemnized the marriage of Doctor Powell to Miss Kathleen
Kelley: they have no children.

EDWIN F. JOHNSON. No man, comparatively, comes closer to his public
than the professional advertiser, his work connecting him with both ends of the chain that results in profitable publicity. The exploiting of wares is the seeding of the ground for future commerce, and the better the quality of the seed, the richer will be the harvest. The recognition of present-day advertising as a substantial prop to business, has been a feature of modern times, and the founding and capitalization of large concerns in this field, has been of more recent date. Atlanta, progressive through her wide-awake busi ness men, has, in her midst, a well founded enterprise of this kind, amply financed and ably officered, the Johnson-Dallas Company, which, in its seven
years of existence, has met with phenomenal success. Its inception and subse quent prosperity may be largely attributed to the keen foresight and business ability of Edwin-F. Johnson, who has'been president and general manager
from the beginning. Edwin F. Johnson belongs to an old Georgia family, his ancestry on both
sides reaching far back in the history of the state, and on both sides also he is of Revolutionary stock. He was born at Atlanta, Georgia, July 30, 1878, and is a son of Rev. William A. and Aurelia (Shropshire) Johnson. Rev. William A. Johnson, a retired Baptist minister, is an esteemed resident of Atlanta. He was born in Fayette County, Georgia, a son of Rev. Berry L. Johnson, a Baptist minister, born also in Georgia* His father, a native of England, came to Georgia from Virginia after serving as a soldier in the
Revolutionary war. The mother of Edwin F. Johnson was born in Coweta County, Georgia,
and died when her son was but five years old. She was a daughter of Judge Joshua Shropshire, who practiced law in both Fayette and Coweta counties and subsequently served as judge of the Superior Court in his judicial dis trict. The Shropshire family is of English descent and the Georgia branch to which Mrs. Johnson belonged, was founded by five brothers, who emigrated from Shropshire to the American colonies and settled in Virginia prior to the Revolutionary war. All took part in that struggle and two of them fell
in battle. Edwin F. Johnson attended the public schools and during his school days
showed many evidences of literary talent. When nineteen years of age he accepted reportorial work on the Atlanta Journal, entering upon a field of work in which he continued for twelve years, serving later in the same capacity on the Atlanta Constitution for a time, and still later city editor of the Atlanta Georgian. Subsequently going to Memphis, Tennessee, he be came a reporter on the staff of the Commercial-Appeal, but returned to
Atlanta in a few months to become managing editor of the Atlanta News. About this time, 1904, Mr. Johnson went to New York, desiring experience
in a wider field, and remained in the metropolis for two years, during the first seven months being a reporter on the Brooklyn Eagle, and for the last eighteen

2054

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

months, on the New York American. In every position he demonstrated news paper knowledge and journalistic ability. He has always possessed that certain press sense that recognizes news as news and he has always been able to place this news before the public in acceptable form.
In 1906, when Mr. Johnson returned to Atlanta, he became the first city editor of the Atlanta Georgian, a paper just established, and continued for one year, when he resigned to become advertising manager of the Georgia Railway and Electric Company, satisfactorily finishing his contracts with that concern, from which he resigned on February 15, 1910, in order to embark in business for himself. On the above date he was one of the organ izers and incorporators of the Johnson-Dallis Company, a concern devoted exclusively to general advertising and printing. The business operates under a capitalization of $50,000 and represents an investment of about $125,000. Mr. Johnson, as previously mentioned, is president and general manager and employment is afforded sixty people. It is the only enterprise of its kind at Atlanta and probably has no competitor in the entire South.
On November 6, 1907, Mr. Johnson was united in marriage with Miss Katharine Gholstin, of Atlanta. -
Mr. Johnson is a very active citizen and at present is one of the leaders of the city council, representing the Sixth Ward. In this body he is chairman of the police committee, and by virtue of that position is a member of the board of police commissioners. He has been one of the most useful mem bers of the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce, belongs to and is deeply interested in the Southeastern Fair Association and the Atlanta Merchants and Manu facturers Association, the Atlanta Freight Bureau and the Atlanta Conven tion Bureau. Although an unusually busy man he finds time for recreation and social pleasures, having a wide circle of personal friends, and valued membership in the order of Elks and.the Knights of Pythias, belonging also to the Capital City, the Piedmont Driving, the Atlanta Athletic and the Druid Hills Golf clubs.

JAMES D. CROMEE, M. D. For nearly a score of years Doctor Cromer has been engaged in the successful practice of his profession in the City of Atlanta, where he maintains his offices at 1301 Fourth National Bank Build ing. Thorough technical preparation under the most auspicious conditions has combined with broad and varied experience to fortify him admirably for the work of his chosen and exacting vocation and he is known as a physician and surgeon of high attainments and as one whose unequivocal success has given him precedence as one of the representative members of his profession in the capital City of Georgia, where he has long controlled a substantial prac tice and where he is held in unqualified popular esteem as a broad-minded and public-spirited citizen.
Of staunch German lineage on the paternal and of English on the maternal side, Dr. James Dawkins Cromer was born in Newberry County, South Caro lina, on the 1st of January, 1868, a son of James L. and Coralie Valeria, both likewise natives of South Carolina, the former having been born in Newberry County, on the 21st of August, 1838, and the latter in Union County, on the 18th of January, 1841. James L. Cromer was a son of Thomas H. Cromer, who was a successful planter in South Carolina, where he continued to reside until his death, as did also James L., whose career was one of prominent identification with agricultural pursuits and who also conducted a successful mercantile business. He was one of the representative planters and honored and influential citizens of his native county at the time of his death, which occurred on the 16th of December, 1870. His widow survived him by nearly a score of years and was summoned to the life eternal on the 17th of October, 1888. She was a daughter of James and Susan (Morgan) Dawkins, who passed their entire lives in South Carolina.

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2055'

Doctor Cromer was about three years old at the time of his father's death and soon afterward he accompanied his widowed mother on her removal to Spartansburg, South Carolina, where he was reared to adult age and received his early education. At the age of eighteen years he entered the Webb School, at Bellbuckle, Tennessee, in which institution he was a student for a period of four years and in which he was graduated in 1890. In the autumn of the same year he was matriculated in the literary department of the celebrated Vanderbilt University, in the City of Nashville, and after an academic course of two years he became a student in the medical department of the same in stitution, in which he was graduated as a member of the class of 1894 and from which he received his degree of Doctor of Medicine.' Professional mediocrity has never had aught of appeal to Doctor Cromer and from the beginning he has been satisfied with nothing less than the most thorough fortification for the work of his humane calling, with the result that he has availed himself of every opportunity for advancing himself along professional lines, has done effective post-graduate work and has applied himself diligently to the study of the best standard and periodical literature pertaining to medicine and surgery, thus keeping abreast with the best thought and methods of the day. In 1894-5 the doctor completed a post-graduate course in the celebrated New York Polyclinic, and during 1896-7 he further pursued his technical studies and research in the medical school of the great University of
Vienna, Austria. In September, 1897, Doctor Cromer initiated the active practice of his
profession and the City of Atlanta has been continuously the stage of his
effective and successful services as a physician and surgeon. Here he has a large and representative clientage and has high standing as one of the able and loyal exponents of medicine and surgery in the city of his adoption. He is an appreciative and valued member of the Fulton County Medical Society, and the Georgia State Medical Society, besides being in active affiliation with the Southern Medical Association- and the American Medical Association.
In the Masonic fraternity Doctor Cromer has completed the circle of the York Rite and received the thirty-second degree of the Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite, besides being affiliated with the Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. He is a member of St. Mark's Church, Methodist Episcopal, South, and he is a member of its board of trustees. Mrs. Cromer is a .member of the Second Baptist Church.
On the 8th of June, 1911, was solemnized the marriage of Doctor Cromer to Mrs. Minnie (Hillyer) Cassin, daughter of Hon. George Hillyer, of Atlanta, and the one child of this union is James Dawkins Cromer, Jr.

JOHN BENNING DANIEL, late wholesale druggist and manufacturer of

Atlanta, had a long and distinguished career, which came to a close with his

death on October 26. 1914. He was born at Lincolnton, Lincoln Countv,

*

7

i/ /

Georgia, November 24, 1845. On both sides of the house he came of vigorous

and virile stock. His father, Joshua Daniel, was a native of North Carolina,

but in early manhood crossed the border line into Georgia, where he dis

tinguished himself among the pioneers who endured the hardships and braved

the perils of the frontier belt. The elder Daniel was a man of rugged mold,

prone rather to action than to speech,, and a judge of human nature rarely

excelled for his keen insight into character. 'He was also a man of proven

courage. "When once he resolved upon a course of action he took no thought

of consequences. Blunt and outspoken, he despised sham. He was in no

sense of the word a diplomat; he cared nothing for the makeshifts of ex

pediency; he despised whatever savored of double dealing; and his sole aim

in life was to be right. Like his Scotch-Irish ancestors he was also tenacious

of his convictions, which he deliberately formed.

The maiden name of J. B. Daniel's mother was Mary Ann Lamar. She

2056

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

belonged to the noted family, of French-Huguenot origin, which since the time of the Revolution has distinguished itself in each generation, contributing scores of illustrious names to the national field and forum. Her father, Peter Lamar, was one of the wealthiest freeholders of the state. He owned large plantations, operated numerous slaves and wielded an extensive influence in public affairs. Her mother, Sarah Cobb Benning, united in her person two of the finest of Georgia strains. The daughter of this noble house was richly dowered with the graces of her lineage; and though the war engulfed the fortune which she expected to inherit, it only emphasized the high station to which she was born. Her personality was dominant. The political leaders of the day often paid her tribute. She possessed rare mental and spiritual accomplishments. At repartee she was unexcelled; and in conversational gifts she could readily cope with the brightest men of her time. Withal she was rigidly pious. She reared her household in the Calvinistic faith, exacted im plicit obedience and filial homage from her children, and admonished them alike by precept and by example to seek first the kingdom of. righteousness. For guidance even in the secular affairs of life she consulted the divine
oracles. The Bible was her constant companion and at the time of her death she had read it through from cover to cover, sixty-six times. From such parents the subject of this sketch derived his governing principles and habits.
The children born to Joshua Daniel and Mary Ann-Lamar were: Wilbeforce, deceased, who became an officer in the famous Oglethorpes; Regina, deceased, who married J. D. Ingles and after the war went with her husband to Mexico; Martha, deceased, who married A. L. Sheppard; Jane, who mar ried A. E. Fleming; John B., deceased; and Clara, deceased, who married George Walton Knight; besides three children who died in infancy.
John Benning Daniel was a lad of some five or six years when the family left the old home place in Lincoln County and migrated to the uplands, locating in Floyd County on the banks of the Oostanaula River. Another change was made after a time to Sugar Valley in Gordon County, and at last the family settled in Calhoun, where the youth received the greater part of his elementary training in the local schools.
At the outbreak of the war, though still short of sixteen, young Daniel enlisted in the Lamar Confederates, a company which was organized in Lin coln County by his maternal uncle, Lafayette Lamar. The company was afterwards incorporated with the Fifteenth Georgia Regiment as Company H and dispatched to Virginia to participate in the opening of hostilities. The Georgia troops arrived upon the scene too late to participate in the first battle of Manassas; but there were hardships and dangers enough in store for the unseasoned recruits. Centreville was the first place at which camp was pitched. Later the regiment advanced to Falls Church and eventually fell back to Warrenton, where Captain Lamar, the gallant commander of Com pany H, died from exposure to the severe weather. The subject of this sketch, who was none too robust, also contracted fever at the same time and was hurried to Richmond, where for weeks his life hung in the balance with the odds seemingly against him. As soon as he was strong enough to leave the hospital he was taken to the home of an excellent family in Richmond by the name of Williams. Due to the many delicate and kind attentions he received at the hands of these Virginia friends the young soldier's convalescence was rapid. He was visited while here by his kinsman, L. Q. C. Lamar, who came to see him in company with Judah P. Benjamin, then secretary of state in the cabinet of President Davis. Both men were of the opinion that the army was no place for so immature and frail a lad; and young Daniel was later discharged and sent home, presumably upon the recommendation of these
eminent officials. But the martial enthusiasm of the youth was not to be circumvented by the
political powers. In the spring of 1862 the First Georgia Regiment returned

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2057

home, the period of enlistment having expired. Some of the members at once re-organized into the Oglethorpe Artillery, and among the new recruits was John B. Daniel. In the subsequent operations of the war the Oglethorpes were destined to achieve distinction on many an ensanguined field. It is doubtful if a braver or a finer lot of men were ever mustered together. The organization was first attached to the First Georgia Battalion of Artillery and ordered to Chattanooga. Enroute, there occurred at Tilton, Georgia, a collision, which materially affected the whole future career of the organiza tion. Most of the horses belonging to the men were killed in the wreck, and when they arrived in Chattanooga, the Government was unable to continue them as an artillery organization and they were dismounted and formed into the Twelfth Georgia Battalion of Infantry, the Oglethorpes forming one of the companies. The battalion was next ordered to Khoxville, Tennessee, but was afterwards dispatched to Big Creek Gap in the Cumberland Mountains, to guard this important defile.
When Savannah was threatened by the Federal gunboats in the fall of 1862, the Oglethorpes, having been well drilled in artillery tactics, were de tached and sent to Thunderbolt, and put in charge of the heavy guns as part of the Sixty-third Georgia Regiment. There they remained a period of more than a year until after the battle of Missionaijy Ridge. The regiment was then ordered to reinforce General Johnston at Dalton,' Georgia. In the subsequent maneuvers of the campaign under this superb master of the art of war, the Oglethorpes bore an important part, participating in the splendid series of retreats and countermarches which have earned for this great commander the soubriquet of the modern Fabius. Mr. Daniel always considered General Johnston among the foremost soldiers of modern times and especially lamented the removal of Johnston from command on the eve of the battle of Atlanta. After the evacuation of Atlanta the Oglethorpes were dispatched to Jonesboro, where a heated engagement took place; and still later they were ordered to Dalton, under instructions to destroy the railroad track. Thence they hurried into Alabama and moving northward across the Tennessee River to Franklin, but while that battle was being fought the Oglethorpes were in charge of a, salt train which had to be put across the Tennessee River. After Franklin and Nashville they fell back to Meridian, Mississippi, and after an intermittent journey, riding and walking by turns, they at length reached Augusta a remnant only of the heroic band which in 1862 marched with exultant tread to battle. Amid the waning fortunes of the Lost Cause the^e was little thought of abandoning the struggle on the part of the unconquered Oglethorpes. Pluckily they resumed the march through South Carolina, and crossing into North Carolina they participated in the last battle of the western army at Bentonville, and finally surrendered with General Johnston
at Greensboro. Depressed in spirit but undismayed by the tragic ordeal of defeat, John
B. Daniel returned to Georgia, a veteran of the Western Army but still a beardless youth. He accepted the situation in good faith. He wasted no time in vain regrets. It was the Old South for which he had battled; but it was the New South to which he now gave his allegiance whose youthful vigor was in his veins whose morning light was upon his forehead. The old homestead in Gordon County having been abandoned by the family on the eve of Sherman's march to the sea, young Daniel decided to settle in Atlanta. The streets were still covered with the charred embers; but phoenixlike, the unsubdued metropolis was already beginning to emerge from the ashes. Something of the future growth and greatness of the South ?s Gate City was prefigured. So the young soldier reasoned that here was the appointed arena for his coming combat. He was well prepared to make the most of his oppor tunities. The vicissitudes of an armed conflict had inured him to hardships. At first, however, the young soldier's patience was sorely tried. For six

2058

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

months, clad in his worn suit of Confederate gray, he walked the streets of Atlanta without finding employment. But he was not discouraged. At last through the offices of two life-long friends, Capt. R. M. Farrar and Mr. A. J. Orme, he secured a clerkship in a drug store, owned and operated hy W. T. and L. S. Mead on Marietta Street near the corner where the Fourth National Bank Building now stands. Thereupon he brought to the city l)is aged parents whose support devolved upon him; and he also undertook in addition the maintenance of two widowed sisters whose households imposed no light burden upon his young shoulders.
The position which was thus secured by Mr. Daniel was modest enough. But it gave him what he wanted a start in the business world, and reso lutely he went to work. There was no shirking of his task, no restlessness or vacillation. Nor did he once permit himself, through envy of his more fortunate comrades, to become dissatisfied with the lot which fate had assigned to him; and it constitutes an eloquent commentary upon his steadfastness of purpose in adhering to one particular thing that the large and splendid business of which in later years he was sole proprietor is the ultimate out growth of this obscure start in life. The firm to which he attached himself in the fall of 1865 underwent frequent changes in the years that followed. But John B. Daniel remained |he one constant and certain quantity amid these repeated fluctuations. ' He .was satisfied to bide his time. By dint, of faithful adherence to duty, always placing the interests of his employers first, never loitering at his task, never unmindful of his manners, he rapidly advanced from one position to another, always justifying the new responsi bilities put upon him, always bettering his best. He also managed by rigid self denial to save something each year, notwithstanding the burden of heavy household expenses. At last he- acquired an interest in the business and began to share in the profits. In 1877, forming a partnership with E. W. Marsh, Jr., under the firm name of Daniel & Marsh, the new combination thus formed took over the entire business; and in 1881 acquiring the interest of Mr. Marsh, he became the sole proprietor of the establishment, now one of the largest in the southern states.
As a synonym for integrity the name of John B. Daniel was for years known and recognized throughout the South. This was due to the fact that full weight and just equivalent were his undeviating business rules. He never dealt in anything but purest drugs and never once abrogated the old fashioned principles upon which in the last analysis all enterprises miist rest for solid success. The mania for speculation and the lure of fast living never enticed him from the beaten path of safe investment. As a result of close application to business, combined with a somewhat unusual faculty for organ ization, he built up one of the largest wholesale drug houses in the South. He also engaged extensively in the manufacture of proprietary articles and gradually extended the area of his sales to every state in the Union.
Mr. Daniel never married. Three nephews now carry on his extensive business, all of them having been trained under his watchful eye. Well informed, he kept himself posted on the current issues of the day, and was ready at all times to discharge his duties as a citizen, but he never sought or desired public office, preferring the quiet routine of his congenial sphere of labor. His habits of life were simple, and his faith in the unseen realities serene and unshaken. He was an elder in the First Presbyterian Church of Atlanta, a teacher in the Sabbath school, a friend to worthiness in what ever guise it appeared, and a gentleman whose courtly manners preserved the velvet traditions of the old school. Conscientious in all the duties and relationships of life, the diligent pursuit of business did not stifle his better impulses nor blunt his finer feelings; and high above the things that perish he maintained an abiding loyalty to the things which endure.

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2059

COL. DUNCAN G. CAMPBELL, one of the builders of Georgia in the first half of the nineteenth century, was born in North Carolina on the 17th day of February, 1787. He died on the 31st of July, 1828, in the forty-second year of his age. He was educated at Chapel Hill University, North Carolina, and graduated in 1806. In 1807 he came to Georgia and studied law, was admitted to the bar, and Judge Griffin, his preceptor, being compelled by ill health to resign his practice, transferred it to Mr. Campbell, who thus had the advantage of a good start early in his practice. In 1816, not yet thirty years of age, he was elected solicitor-general of the western circuit. At the expiration of his term as solicitor-general he was elected a representative in the Legislature from Wilkes County. His services were- so satisfactory that he was re-elected for the three succeeding years. He had in the meanlime formed a professional connection with Garnett Andrews, who took care of the practice for the firm while Mr. Campbell was rendering public service. "While in the Legislature he had the honor of being the first man in Georgia to introduce a bill for the education of females.
On the 16th of July, 1824, Colonel Campbell was appointed in connection with Maj. James Meriwether, a son of the old Revolutionary hero, Gen. David Meriwether, as commissioner to secure a treaty with the Creek Indians for the sale of their lands in Georgia and Alabama. The Legislature of Georgia voted him the confidence and gratitude of the people of the state and the authorities proceeded, to survey and distribute the land in the treaty
negotiated.

COL. WILLIAM CANDLER, a gallant Revolutionary soldier, and progenitor
of a family which has given to Georgia preachers, bishops, lawyers, judges, gov ernors and, financiers, which today is perhaps the most prominent family in the state, was born in 1736. It can not be definitely stated whether he was born
in Ireland or in Virginia, but the weight of evidence seems to be in favor of Virginia, a short time after his parents came from Ireland. Though coming
from Ireland, his people were of English descent on the paternal side. About 1768, his father, being then dead for several years and the estate administered, William Candler moved from Virginia to St. Paul's Parish, Georgia, and set tled in a Quaker settlement known as Wrightsboro, in what is now McDuffie
County. By 1771 he was a prominent man in the colony. He became a captain of the Royal Militia, under the English Government, but upon the outbreak of the Revolutionary war, he promptly affiliated with the patriots, and in the reorganization of the forces became a major under the Revolutionary Govern
ment. This title he held until the early part of 1779, when at a further re organization, he appears to have been made a colonel. Efts regiment was the
upper regiment of Richmond County, while Col. Elijah Clarke commanded the lower regiment.
From that time on until the end of the active campaigns, Colonel Candler's
life was one of incessant activity. When the British overran the state, a major ity of the patriot militiamen refugeed beyond the borders, so that Colonel Candler's regiment came to be known as the refugee regiment of Richmond
County. This regiment was an outgrowth in 1780 of the previous organization. The close of the war found him stripped of everything, practically, but his land,
but the Legislature afterward reimbursed him and he rebuilt his fortune. When the Legislature met in January, 1784, he was one of the members from
Richmond County. This was his last public service, and he died in July, 1784. At the time of his death, he owned 6,000 acres of land in the coun
ties of Richmond, Wilkes and Washington, besides much personal property.

GENERAL PHILIP COOK. Lawyer, soldier and leader in public affairs, it is said that no man in his lifetime in Georgia was more entirely beloved by the people than Gen. Philip Cook. One of the state's most distin-

2060

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

guished sons, he was a soldier in two wars, and with five years of military service to his credit, rising to the rank of brigadier general in the Con federate army. He served four years in the State Senate, ten years in Congress, and four years as secretary of state, making in all twenty-three years of public life.
This distinguished Georgian was born on his father's farm in Twiggs County, July 30, 1817. As a boy he attended the old field schools of his county, at the age of fifteen entered an academy at Jefferson conducted by Milton Wilder, and was a student in Forsyth, Georgia, when the Seminole war of 1836 broke out. He enlisted in a company commanded by Captain W. A. Black. This company was in General Scott's command, which rescued Gen eral Gaines when the latter was surrounded by the Seminoles.
After this military experience he entered that old Georgia school known as Oglethorpe University, but three years later transferred his student career to the University of Virginia. He was called home in 1841 on the death of his father, and for three years practiced law at Forsyth. After that he was in practice at Oglethorpe until 1861.
At the beginning of the war he was an honorary member of the Macon County Volunteers, and when that company responded to the governor's call he mustered in with it and nineteen other companies at Augusta in May, 1861. Though forty-four years of age at the time and with more than average military experience he joined as a private. When his company was assigned at Portsmouth, Virginia, to the Fourth Georgia Infantry he was at once appointed adjutant of the regiment. In that capacity he continued until after the seven days' battles around Richmond, and then upon the unanimous recommendation of the officers of the regiment, commissioned lieutenant colonel. At Malvern Hill he was severely wounded by a fragment of shell. After the regiment had passed through the severe conflicts of Second Manassas and Sharpsburg he was commissioned November 1, 1862, colonel. He was with his regiment in action at Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville, and at Chancellorsville was wounded in the leg and disabled for three months. During this enforced absence from the army he was elected a member of the Georgia State Senate, spending forty days, but upon full recovery returned to his command at Orange Court House. During the session of 1864 he again resumed his place in the senate, returning to the army as soon as the assembly adjourned.
His commission as brigadier general bears the date August 5, 1864. He was promoted to that rank to succeed General Doles, who met death at Cold Harbor. The brigade thereafter was familiarly known as Doles-Cook Bri gade. He was in command of his brigade in Early's disastrous Valley Cam paign, and then joined the army at Petersburg, where he was wounded in the right elbow and captured and remained in the Petersburg Hospital until July 30, 1865.
After the war he resumed practice at Oglethorpe, but was almost imme diately called to public life, being elected to the Thirty-ninth Congress which met in December, 1865. To this Congress he was denied admission. Then followed the reconstruction period, when the real leaders of the South had to bear as patiently as they could the restraints on military government. When the carpet baggers were overthrown in Georgia, General Cook was again elected to Congress, taking his seat in the forty-third session in Decem ber, 1873. He was re-elected to the next four congresses, and served con tinuously for ten years in that body. In that time he was considered one of Georgia's ablest representatives and there as elsewhere discharged his duties with fidelity to the state and with credit to himself.
In 1870 General Cook moved to Americus, where he continued his law practice ten years, but in 1880 turned his legal business over to younger men and retired to his farm. As a planter he was not only progressive but far
in advance of his times.

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2061

One of his last important services to the state was as a member of the commission which superintended the erection of the present state fapitol. Governor McDaniel appointed him one of the five commissioners in 1882. Georgia will always be proud of the work of this commission. Of the original appropriation of $1,000,000, $20,000 were paid for the site, and after the building had been completed the commission returned to the treasury $118.50. This was almost a unique record, since Georgia secured not only one of the handsomest state houses in the country but also a building complete in every detail and costing within the original limits of the appropriation.
These duties performed General Cook in 1888 again returned to his farm, but in 1890 Governor John B. Gordon appointed him secretary of state to fill a vacancy. He was elected for the full term and re-elected in 1892, and while in his second term his death occurred on May 22, 1894. He was (after an interim of four years) succeeded in the office of secretary of state by his son, Philip Cook. General Cook's daughter Lucy, at whose home he died in Atlanta, is the wife of Col. W. L. Peel, and is one of Georgia's most intel lectual women, a leader in the state's social, religious, educational, and patriotic activities.

JOSEPH HOWARD BRADFIELD, M. D. There is no nobler profession than that of medicine. To relieve the suffering of mankind, cure the sick, or, if need be, smooth the way to the grave, is an occupation which often carries with it a higher reward than mere pecuniary emolument; sometimes, indeed, the only reward that the physician receives, for his duty calls him to render his services to the poor as well as to the rich, and the good physician does not hesitate, but administers to all alike. To attain success in this honorable profession is not an easy task, for there is always an abundance of competition, and he who would reach the front rank, or even a respectable place lower down, must be a man of energy and perseverance, and specially qualified in many other ways for his arduous duties.
Among the successful physicians and -surgeons of the State of Georgia is Dr. Joseph Howard Bradfield, of Atlanta, who has been located in this city for the last twenty-two years. Doctor Bradfield was born in Troup County, Georgia February 14,1865, a son of Doctor Joseph and Mary Jane (Dix) Bradfield. His paternal grandfather was Louis Bradfield, a planter, who was a native of Georgia. Dr. Joseph Bradfield, father of the subject of this memoir, was born in North Carolina, not far from Danville, Virginia. He was grad uated in medicine at Charleston, South Carolina, and practiced his profes sion in Troup County, Georgia, for more than forty years, dying in 1884 at the age of sixty-three. His wife, Mary Jane Dix, who was born near Aiken, South Carolina, is still living and resides in Troup County, this state, being now a widow eighty-seven years old, but still vigorous. She is the daughter of Jonathan Dix, a planter who removed to Troup County from South Caro lina, and is also a first cousin of Wade Hampton, the distinguished South Carolina soldier'and statesman. Dr. Joseph Bradfield and wife have twelve children, eight of whom attained maturity, five being still living. The sur vivors are: Mrs. Henrietta Jones, of Atlanta; Mrs. Jennie B. Langford, of Gainesville, Georgia; Joseph H., the subject of this sketch; Dr. John R. Bradfield, of McRea, Georgia, and Mrs. Alice Woodward, of Mountville, Georgia.
Joseph Howard Bradfield was reared to the age of sixteen in Troup County, Georgia. He then ,came to Atlanta and entered the employ of the Stratton Express Company as an express messenger, remaining with that con cern about eight years. During about half of that time he was a railroad mes senger, traveling on the various railroads, and during the other half he was employed as a general utility man. While working for the express company he spent much time in private study under the tutorship of Peter A. Heard, a well known educator of that day. During the last years of his service with

2062

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

this company he spent his leisure time reading medicine, often pursuing this study while being whirled over the country in an express car. In 1893 he was graduated from the Atlanta Medical College^ and began the practice of his profession in'Atlanta, where he has since remained. As physician and surgeon he has achieved a marked success and is now one of the most popular members of the medical fraternity in the city. For some years he has been a member of the board of health and is now its vice president. He is a mem ber of Fulton County Medical Society and of the Georgia State Medical Society and is an earnest student, keeping well in the van of his profession. In politics he is a democrat, while his religious affiliations are with the Meth odist Episcopal Church. Fraternally he is a member of the Masonic order, the Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias and the Improved Order of Bed Men.
,0n March 14, 1893, Dr. Joseph H. Bradfiejd was united in marriage with Miss Emma Dohrer, of St. Joseph, Missouri, but a native of Des Moines, Iowa. He and his wife are the parents of two daughters, Mildred Magdalene and Marion, who are now young ladies residing at home.

HENRY E. HARMAN. To offer within the necessarily circumscribed -limita tions of a publication of this order an adequate review of the life history of Henry Elliot Harman, editor, publisher and poet, is well within the realm of the impossible. He has made his influence potent in the domain of busi ness activities, as editor and publisher of excellent trade papers, but he shall be best remembered for his productions in the field of literature and poesy. It is much to have had a touch of gentle thought and to have glorified and idealized the common things of life. Mr. Harman has marked with gentle appreciation the true and genuine phases of nature and human life, has real ized that poverty and riches are of the spirit, has, in his poetical contribu tions especially, shown himself thankful for life and for memories that are good and sweet, so that he has been able, to a greater extent than is vouch safed the average mortal, to come within sight of the gracious castle of his dreams. He has contributed definitely to the literary prestige of Georgia and is entitled to definite recognition in this history of the state.
Henry Elliot Harman is a scion of sterling German stock in both the agnatic and distaff lines, but is a true son of the fair Southland. He was born near Lexington, South Carolina, on the 18th of March, 1866, and is a son of Franklin James and Jane Rebecca (Meetze) Harman. His father, who was born in 1831 and died in 1902, was a successful planter and locally influential citizen of South Carolina and was a descendant of Jeremiah Har man, who immigrated to America from Germany in 1690 and settled in the Lexington district, South Carolina, where he became one of the earliest repre sentatives of the German element of American citizenship, the family name of his wife having been Leitz. In the material line Henry E. Harman is descended from John Yost Miitze, the German pronunciation of the patronymic having led to the change of orthograph in America to Meetze. Family tradi tion is to the effect that John Yost Miitze was a youth of about eighteen years when he came to America as a Hessian soldier to serve with the British forces in the War of the Revolution. He became convinced of the justice of the cause of the struggling colonies and deserted the British army to ally himself with the patriot American forces. After several narrow escapes he found refuge in the American lines and enlisted as a Continental soldier, a position in which he gave yeoman service in behalf of national independence! After the war he established his residence in what is now Lexington County, South Carolina, where he became the forebear of a large and influential family. As a young man he became one of the founders of the Lutheran Church in South Carolina, where he served with zeal and consecration as one of the early clergymen of this denomination. The tablet which marks his grave bears this inscription: "Sacred to the memory of the Reverend J. Y. Meetze, who departed this life May 7, 1833. Age 76 years 5 months and 5 days."

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2063

On the homestead plantation, which was the place of his birth, Henry E. Harman passed the period of his childhood and early, youth, and after avail
ing himself of the advantages of the local schools he entered Pennsylvania
College, a Lutheran institution at Gettysburg, where he continued his studies until he had completed a portion of the course of the senior year, when cir
cumstances rendered it expedient for him to leave college and to assume prac tical responsibilities and activities. Years later, in recognition of his excel
lent literary work, his alma mater conferred upon him the degree of Bachelor of Arts, and in 1915 conferred the degree of Doctor of Literature in recog nition of his literary work. Concerning the business career of Mr. Harman
it is deemed consistent to draw largely from a previously published record,
though minor changes are made in the reproduction of the context: '' Soon after leaving college Mr. Harman became publisher of the Waynes-
ville Courier, at Waynesville, the judicial center of Haywood -county, North Carolina. A mere youth, and without any preliminary training in practical
journalism, he showed his pronounced talent by successfully conducting this
paper for two years. Even at that early date he saw that there was a good field in the South for trade journals, and, with the courage of his convictions,
he removed to the historic old town of Winston Salem, North Carolina, where he founded and became the publisher of the Southern Tobacco Journal.
He developed this into a paying property and sold it at a handsome profit. From that time to the present he has been identified with the publication of trade papers in the South to a larger extent than any other man, and he has
made an enviable success of each venture in this important field of enterprise. "In 1899 Mr. Harman established his residence in Atlanta, where he
became the founder of the Southern Architect, the Cotton Seed Oil Magazine,
the Tobacco Journal and other trade papers, all of which have been placed on a profitable basis and all of which have been influential in the furtherance
of industrial and commercial progress and stability in the South. In 1905 Mr. Harman was elected president of the Southern Periodical Publishers' Association, and through successive re-elections he has since continued the
popular and valued incumbent of this position."
In the person of Mr. Harman, Nature produced a true poet, and his pro ductions have been essentially the poesy of Nature, to whom he has thus paid due tribute. In an article) of this order it is impossible to enter details con
cerning his work as a poet, save to give an outline and to offer reproduction of certain commendatory statements on the part of high literary authorities. His first volume of poems, entitled "In Peaceful Valley," appeared in 1902. In 1906 was published his second work, "At the Gate of Dreams," and in 1909 appeared "-In Love's Domain," which was followed in 1910 by "Gates .of Twilight. w In 1912 was published his collection entitled "Dreams of Yes terday," and in 1914 "A Bar of Song."
Incidental to the issuing of '' Gates of Twilight'' there came the following
words from an authoritative source: "While this lyric singer is far too well known to require any introduction in the South, perhaps few Georgians realize the far-reaching results of the work of^ this versatile literary man
and editor. "While enjoying a national reputation as the publisher of trade journals and technical literature, his fame as a singer promises to be even
more far-reaching. Certainly there could be no better proof of his versatility than is offered in his day's work, the business hours being devoted to the pro duction of some abstract article, replete with the technicalities of a recog nized expert, when, with the evening hours, comes this same man with a song, some lilting fantasy, rich in original style, facile and felicitous in expression,
and at the same time carrying a depth of feeling that appeals directly to the heart. Some of Mr. Harman's previous volumes, too, were given a most con spicuous place in the corner devoted to Southern poets at the Appalachian Exposition. '
Vol. IV--15

2064

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

From another appreciative source are taken the following extracts: "Mr. Harman's verse will compare favorably with the work of the best of our Southern poets and breathes the spirit of true poetic genius. His poetry is characterized by an exquisite musical lilt, by an artistic touch, by an original power, of both thought and versification, and by an adherence to familiar themes, in the development of which is displayed the dominance of high ideals of sentiment. The following dedicatory verses express definitely the author's philosophy:

" 'WTho walks the ways of sweet content, Outward and back again; Who feels the thrill that joy has sent O'er all Love's sweet domain! Whose nights are filled with music sweet And days with ne'er a pain, Where perfumes of rare blossoms meet Adown Love's fair domain! Come walk with me this little while Across the amber plain, And learn with Joy and me to smile, Content on Love's domain.' "

From an article that appeared in the Boston Transcript of May 9, 1914, from the pen of William Stanley Braithwaite, are taken the few quotations which follow:
"A new and significant volume has been collected and prepared for pub lication, which shows in every way a decided advance in all qualities over the poet's previous work. Before examining this work, however, I wish to show how secure an appreciation Mr. Harman's poetry has won from the leading critical authorities of the South. Professor Carl Holliday, of Yanderbilt University, who has a national reputation as an authority on Southern lit erature, .past and present, pays to his work this compelling tribute: 'Mr. Har man's poetry Is of a standard surprisingly high. I should venture to put such poems as "Day and Night," "Gates of Twilight," "The Master Fate," and "Memory of a Song" among the most graceful verses produced in America during the last twenty years. They have not only grace but contents as well.' Dr. Lucian Lamar Knight, editor of the Library of Southern Literature, says of his poetry that it is ' characterized by an exquisite lilt, by an original power both of thought and versification.' And from the head of an English depart ment in Trinity College, Professor H. H. Peckham, in a critical review, is the assertion that Mr. Harman is a 'true singer, one whose muse bursts into song without forcing. Melody, spontaneity and color are the qualities of genuine poetry, and all of these he possesses.'
"I found in Mr. Harman's poetry not an echo but a feeling for nature, a spiritual passion, though it concerns itself with the humbler things of life, that makes the glow in the art of Sidney Lanier. There is much of that poig nant personal utterance common in both poets, the difference being that in Lanier the soul searches through the infinite for the divine manifestations of peace and beauty, while in Harman the soul is content to find in common experiences, close at' hand, the same divine manifestations of peace and beauty. * * * Mr. Harman has paid his tribute to Lanier in verse, but a greater tribute is that influence shown in his own exquisite embodiment of nature on which the master's song cast a wizard spell. The reverent acknowl edgment of the younger poet is touched to expression as he gazes upon the live-oak, at Brunswick, Georgia, under which Lanier wrote the superb poetry of the 'Marshes of Glynn.' 'Thou faithful oak,' he sings

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2065

" 'still-fanned by marsh-swept breeze, Which cooled his brow, whose heavenward lifted gaze Saw all the beauty and the comradeship of trees; Keep .green his memory, sing each day his praise. You look upon the pictured marshes there That stretch away toward the murmuring tide; The wavering grasses are as green and fair As when he watched them, seated at your side. To you was known the longing of his soul. His love of marsh, of birds, the sea and trees: His whispered words of tenderness you hold; , You keep the secret of his garnered sheaves.' "
The critical estimate and appreciative tribute of Mr. Braithwaite closes as follows:
"Poetry that has so much feeling, so many charming graces of expres sion, in which the rich and varied sentiments of common human experience are woven all through with the fragrance and mystery, the delightful companion ship of nature, is certainly worthy of that wider admiration among poetry lovers which it is steadily winning. In closing one may draw an analogy in recommending Mr. Barman's poetry with the thought in that beautiful stanza in the poem he wrote on 'Oglethorpe' for the unveiling of the memorial to his memory in Savannah, Georgia, where he tells us that,
" 'The marble long has slept within its tomb, Hidden in silent gloom, But now it lifts its plaudits to the sky For every passer-by.' " ,
From an editorial which appeared in the Atlanta Constitution of May 20, 1914, is made the following extract, as a fitting final tribute in this article to the poetic genius of Mr. Harman:
"It is rare, in these days of materialism, that a poet sings with sufficient, clearness to draw to him the eyes of the nation. That is what Mr. Harman has done. It is the more notable in that, like Edmund Clarence Stedman, the fam ous banker-literateur of New York, he adds practical achievement to his re markable gifts as a poet and a scholar.''
In the midst of the exactions of business and his graceful and noble com munion with the muse of poesy, Mr. Harman is fully appreciative of social amenities and associations and takes loyal interest in all that concerns the civic and material welfare of the community. He and his wife hold member ship in the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, and in Atlanta he is a mem ber of the Athletic, the University and the Piedmont Driving clubs.
On the 3d of August, 1887, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Harman to Miss Ella S. .Walser, daughter of the late Prof. Henry Walser, who was at that time a member of the faculty of Yadkin College, in Davidson County, North Carolina, The three children of this union are Henry Elliot, Jr., Mildred Ella, and Dorothy Sutton.
JAMES ROBERT WHITAKER. Now one of Cartersville's leading attorneys, James R. Whitaker, has had a career which well illustrates the value of courage arid persistency in the face of great odds. His sole ambition from early boyhood was to become a lawyer, but his time and services were needed from childhood on the home farm, since the family had lived in reduced cir cumstances since ,the war and his father was an invalid. He struggled along from year to year, gradually getting a, little education, until qualified to teach school, was a successful educator in Georgia for a number of years, and finally

2066

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

achieved his great object in admission to the bar, and for the past four or

five years has made himself one of the leaders in the community of Cartersville.

James Robert Whitakef was born in Anderson County, South Carolina, September 20, 1880, a son of Joseph Tally and Fannie (Morris) Whitaker!

His grandfather was the Rev. Lorenz D. Whitaker, a native of Virginia, who

spent his life in the active ministry of the Methodist Church, and died in

Oconee County, South Carolina. Joseph T. Whitaker when a young man

enlisted at the beginning of the war between the states, served in all the

campaigns with his regiment, and while his only injury was the loss of a

thumb his health was completely wrecked by the hardship of army life, and

his last twenty years were spent in confirmed invalidism. He died at the age

of fifty years. As a result of the war the family had lost practically all its property, ,and in such circumstances. James R. Whitaker and his brothers had

to assume responsibilities far in advance of their years. He learned to plow

when only six years of age, and toiled early and late in order to wring a

living from the soil. When eighteen years of age he and his brothers had

earned enough to buy a farm and stock it with horses and cattle and thus

the family reached some degree of comfort and prosperity. The mother is now living with her children at Hartwell, Georgia. There are seven children,*

mentioned briefly as follows: Selma, widow of Robert E. MeGuken, living

at Hartwell; Lena, wife of J. T. Hayes, of Royston, Franklin County; Nora,

wife of Jacob S. Heaton, a farmer near Hartwell; John H., a farmer in Hart

''County; James R.; Joseph McSwain, a merchant and farmer at Clayton, Texas; and William P., a resident of 'Portsmouth, Virginia.

.Tames Robert Whitaker had his first education in the country schools of

Anderson County, South Carolina. As a result of his own hard work and

ambition he found the means to continue his schooling in the Hartwell Insti tute, a coeducational school which he attended for three years altogether.

He completed his literary course and at the age of twenty-one was given a certificate and became a teacher at Johnston in Edgefield County, South

Carolina. He spent -two years as a teacher there, was connected with the

schools of Hart County, Georgia, for the two following summers, and the remainder of these two years in the Franklin County schools at Carnesville.

He became principal of the high school at Kingston in Bartow County for

two years, was then offered and accepted the principalship of the Carters-

ville High School, and after one year there became president of the Pine

Log College of Bartow County, an incumbency which he held one year. Dur

ing the last two years of his work as a teacher he devoted all his spare time

to the reading of law, having cherished this passion since early youth. His

preceptor in directing his law studies was Judge A. W. 'Fite. He later entered

the Atlanta College of Law and was graduated LL. B. with the class of 1911.

After his admission' to the bar Mr. Whitaker at once opened an office for practice at Cartersville, and soon had a flourishing business and has since

had many influential relations both with legal affairs and with other local

interests. Some of the chief cases tried in the courts of Cartersville during 1914 and 15 had him as an attorney on one side or the other.
After opening his law office in Cartersville Mr. Whitaker became an active

member of the Sam P. Jones Memorial Methodist Church, and has been offi

cially identified with its work and has served as assistant superintendent of

the Sunday school. In 1912 he was elected chairman of the Bartow County

*'*

Democratic Executive Committee, while in 1913 the board of road and

revenue commissioners appointed him their attorney. In 1914 Mr, Whitaker

was elected chairman of the' Bartow County Board of Education. He is

active in democratic politics,'is noted for his ability as^a persuasive and

impressive public speaker, and is one of the best advocate's in the local bar.

He is a Master Mason and is also affiliated with the Independent Order of

Odd Fellows.

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2067

Mr. Whitaker was married at Hartwell in Hart County, Georgia, 'October 2,1904, to Miss Eula Lee Fleming, who was born in Hart County, a daughter of Samuel T. and Nancy (Bowers) Fleming. Her father was a prominent merchant at Bowersville and died in March, 1914. Her mother is a member of the well known Bowers family, in whose honor the Village of Bowersville was named. Mr. and Mrs, Whitaker are the parents of five children: .Robert Fleming and James Lee, both born in Hart County; Samuel, Nancy and Elizabeth, all of whom were born in Bartow County.

WILLIAM LITTELL FUNKHOUSER, M. D. A physician of unusual attain ments and accomplishment in his profession, Dr. W. L. Funkhouser comes of several generations of Southern lineage and is a cultured and scholarly gentleman. His rank and standing as a physician may be judged from his professional affiliations. Doctor Funkhouser is superintendent of the Curry Hospital at Rome, is a member of the Association of Southern Railroad Surgeons, is secretary of the Seventh District Medical Society, president of the Floyd County Medical Society, of which he ^s vice president in 1914, and a member of the Georgia State, the Southern Medical and the American Medical associations. He is medical director of the Cherokee Life Insurance Company, medical inspector of public schools at Rome, on the executive com mittee of the state board of health, and for the past six years has been secre
tary of the United States Pension Examining Board. Dr. William Littell Funkhouser was born at New Market, Virginia,
August 1,1879, son of Samuel and Lucy (Littell) Funkhouser. Both parents are of Southern family, his father a native of Virginia and his mother, of Maryland. The Funkhousers originated and dwelt for many generations in Zurich, Switzerland, and early in the nineteenth century representatives of the name came to America and settled in Virginia. The grandfather of Doctor Funkhouser was Rev. Joseph Funkhouser, a Methodist minister, who preached in the German language in Rockingham County, Virginia, for several years. Samuel Funkhouser, father of Doctor Funkhouser, came to Rome, Georgia, in search of health in 1881. Here he was engaged on a large and successful scale in the real estate business, organized the Rome Land Company, and for a number of years was its president. He took a very active and prominent part in the upbuilding of Rome. His death occurred August 8, 1901, at the age of fifty-four. He was prominent in the Methodist Episcopal Church, and served as first steward of this church until his death. His widow who is still living is also an active member of the church. She is now sixty-two years of
age, and lives at the old home in Rome. Doctor Funkhouser, an only child, received all the advantages that well
to do and cultured parents could bestow, and after leaving the Rome High School entered the high school at Washington, D. C., to take courses in physics and chemistry. In 1900 he entered the University of Maryland, and was grad uated M. D. in 1904. Returning to Rome, Doctor Funkhouser in a short time had laid the foundation for his large and distinctive practice as a phy sician. He is considered somewhat of a specialist in the treatment of chil dren's diseases. Every year Doctor Funkhouser takes what he calls a vaca tion, but in reality it is a continuation of his studies to enlarge the scope of his ability in his chosen profession. He usually attends post-graduate courses in the Harvard University.
Doctor Funkhouser is a Royal Arch and Knight Templar Mason and also a member of the Mystic Shrine, is a democrat in politics, and he and his family are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He is a member of the Rome Country Club. On June 22, 1904,'Doctor Funkhouser was married in Floyd County, Georgia, to Miss Martha Lucy Morton, who was born in Floyd County, a daughter of Clinton Parks and Anna (Crane) Morton, of Clark County, Georgia. Mrs. Funkhouser is prominent in church

2068

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

charity and club work. They are the parents of three children, all of them born at Rome, as follows: William Littell, born September 7, 1907; Lucy Littell, born June 10, 1905; and Morton Lee, born September 28, 1912.
HON.-HENRY GREEN HILL. When the new County of Barrow was formed, in January, 1915, the people of this community chose as the first incumbent of the office of ordinary, Henry Green Hill, of Winder, thus fittingly recogniz ing the substantial qualities of one who had lived* and labored among them for a number of years. Judge Hill had devoted his activities heretofore' to mercantile lines, and through his own efforts had built up a well-established business and a reputation for honorable dealing and straightforward transac tions, but at the same time had been known as a citizen who had the welfare of the community at heart, and in whom his fellow-citizens could place unlimited confidence.
Henry Green Hill is a product of the community in which he now resides, having been born in Walton County, Georgia, May'5, 1870, and is a son of W. H. and Cammie J. (Smith) Hill, also natives of Walton County. This is one of the old and honored families of the locality, having been founded here by the grandfather of Judge Hill, Carter Hill, a native of South Caro lina, who migrated to Georgia in young manhood and for many years was a well known planter. He also served as tax collector of Walton County for many years and was a man of influence among his fellow-citizens. W. H. Hill wash born .in 1835, was brought up on his father's plantation, and received good educational advantages, so that when he started upon a career of his own he chose the vocation of educator, and for many years taught in. the schools of Walton County. He also became well known in public life and was elected justice of the peace of the cut off district of Walton County, a capacity in which he was serving at the time of his death in 1885, at the age of fifty years. Mrs. Hill,, who was born May 25, 1842, still survives and makes her home at Winder. There were four sons and four daughters in the family, of whom Judge Hill was the fourth in order of birth.
Henry Green Hill received his education in the public schools of Walton and Jackson counties, and for a time after completing his studies was engaged in work connected with the farm. His tastes, however, ran in a different direction, and in 1905,he removed to AA7inder and engaged in the mercan tile business as a member of the firm of Antry, Perry & Hill. Later, with the retirement of Mr. Perry, the firm became Antry & Hill, and this style continued until the present firm of Griffith, Hill & Company was formed. Mr. Plill owes his business success to no other agencies than his own hard work and inherent ability. He has left nothing to chance, neither has he looked for aiding circumstances. From the time that he entered upon his career he has devoted himself closely to his business interests, and has directed his activities in such a manner that his business record is a clean and honor able one. A democrat in politics, Mr. Hill took little interest in public matters save as a good citizen, until January 5,1915, when he was conferred the honor of being elected to the first judgeship of the new County of Barrow. He has been the incumbent of this office but a short time, but has already shown that the confidence of the people in him was not misplaced. With his family. Judge Hill attends the Christian Church, of which he has been a member since boyhood.
On February 7, 1892, Judge Hill was married in Gwinnett County, Georgia, to Miss Emma Perry, daughter of W. T. and Martha Perry, the latter of \tfhom is still living. Six children have been bom to this union: Rowena Pearl, born in 1893 in Gwinnett County, and now the wife of George Thompson.; Miss Ruby, born in Walton County, in 1896, a graduate of the Winder High School, residing at home with her parents; W. Henry, born in 1899, in Walton County, and now attending the graded schools; Perry and

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2069

Minnie, twins, born in 1903 in Walton County, the former of whom is attend ing school, while the latter died in infancy; Woodfin, born at Winder in 1905 and now attending the graded schools; and Lawson, born in 1912 at
Winder.

FRANCIS WITHERS CAPERS, educator, soldier and philanthropist, was born in Charleston, South Carolina, August 10, 1819. He was the eldest son of Bishop William and Susan McGill Capers. After a thorough academic course, he entered Randolph-Macon College, Virginia, subsequently gradu ating at the age of nineteen years in the Charleston, South Carolina, College, taking highest honors in the class. After graduation he became tutor hi his alrna mater. Upon the organization of the South Carolina Military College, he became professor of literature with the rank of first lieutenant, and held his professorship until 1844, when he was elected professor of Transylvania University, Kentucky. In 1846, he resigned to accept the superintendency of the Kentucky Military Institute, a Mate college of high grade.
Whilst engaged at this institution, the Legislature of South Carolina determined to place the South Carolina Military Academy upon the footing with that of the United States . West Point Military Academy. To this end an annual appropriation of $50,000 was made and Francis W. Capers Reorganized the -academy. This soon came to be recognized as second only to West Point Academy. In the year 1859, Governor Brown, of Georgia, antici pating the possibility *of a conflict between the northern and southern states, gave much consideration to the preparation necessary to meet the .issues that might arise. To this end, he urged the re-organization of the Georgia Mili tary Academy, located at Marietta, and appointed Major Capers superintend ent of his school. He remained as superintendent of the Georgia Military Institute until the ending of the war.
When the northern army first began to invade the soil of Virginia, Gov ernor Brown, of Georgia, fearing a similar trouble on the coast of Georgia, organized the State Militia into three la.rge brigades. To the command of one of these brigades Governor BroAvn appointed General Capers. After ward he organized the Georgia Cadets, first into an engineering corps and then into an infantry battalion, in both of which capacities they performed fine service. The Capers Military Institute was, however, destroyed and in the summer of 1865, after the war, General Capers opened a private school in the City of Augusta. In 1867 he was called to the chair of mathematics in the South Carolina College.
For over a half century he devoted his energies and experience to the training of many hundreds of young men. General Capers died in Char leston, in January, 1891.

DAVID E. BUTLER, statesman, Indian fighter, attorney, legislator, and Bap

tist divine, was descended from a distinguished family. He was born in

Wilkes County, Georgia, during the year 1819. His father died in 1822 and

his mother in 1827, and the orphaned boy lived for several years with an

aunt and a maternal uncle. In his earlier boyhood he attended school at

Washington, Georgia, especially at th'e manual labor institute which later

developed into the university. While there, with some comrades, he served

in the Indian Avar in Florida, In 1837 he commenced to read law in Wash

ington, soon thereafter being admitted to the bar. Here he practiced his

profession for several years and during this term as a lawyer two noteworthy

incidents of his life occurred, of which he was always proud to speak as long

as he lived.

/

The first of these was that of all the noted lawyers in Georgia with whom

that good old man, Jesse Mercer, was acquainted, he chose Colonel Butler

to write his will and become its executor. Until this large estate was wound

2070

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

up Colonel Butler gave it close attention, from which Mercer University reaped quite a sum of money. The other incident, of which Colonel Butler was proud, he worked most faithfully with the board of trustees of Mercer until he had the labor feature abolished. The working of the boys for a few hours and studying the balance of the clay seemed to be to Colonel Butler inconsistent from the very outset. Besides it proved far from being profitable to the institution.
Becoming dissatisfied with the law as a profession he went to Augusta in 1850 and became a member of a mercantile firm. Becoming a large cotton planter he had several plantations, one in Lowndes County, in Pineywoods, Georgia, near the Florida line. In 1861 he became a Baptist minister, and after a long, honorable and most useful life he died at his home in Madison.
In his1 later years Colonel Butler gave much attention to the interest of the Baptist denomination, being president of the Georgia Baptist Convention seven years and fifteen years president of the board of trustees of Mercer University. During his administration as president of the trustees, Mercer prospered most wonderfully. lie was for many years president of the Senate of the State of Georgia.

G. DUKE Ross, of Winder, is known not only as one of the leading members of the Barrow County bar, but as a journalist of distinction and note. Prior ' to entering the legal field, he was for many years engaged in newspaper work, principally for the Atlanta Constitution, and 'as the editor of the Winder News, and he gained a reputation in this direction second only to a few men in the State of Georgia. While compared with some of the biographies in this work, Mr. Ross is a late comer into the field of law, but the progress he has already made in his calling would indicate that he is to have as successful career as an attorney as he did as a newspaper man.
G. Duke Ross was born at Jefferson, Jackson County, Georgia, March 24, 1871, and is a son of Capt. T. L. and Evelyn Caroline (Lay) Ross, natives of Georgia, His father, born in 1836, was brought up to agricultural, pur suits, and was engaged therein when the war broke out between the North and the South, and raised a company which became a part of the Sixteenth Georgia Regiment and which was attached to Gordon's Brigade. He served as captain of this company and in the Battle of Gettysburg received a wound which caused his removal to the hospital, but upon his recovery he rejoined his regiment at the front and continued in active service until the close of the conflict. He then resumed farming and also became the owner of a mill at Jefferson, where he likewise engaged in mercantile pursuits, all of his ventures proving successful ones. He became a prominent and influential man in his community and was elected to various local offices, finally being elevated to the county bench, on which he served for a number of years. Judge Ross died in 1910, at the age of seventy-fofir years, Mrs. Ross having passed away in 1901, when sixty-five years of age, They were the parents of eight children, of whom G. Duke was the seventh in order of birth.
After laying the foundation for his education in the public schools of Jackson County, G. Duke Ross entered Martin Institute, at Jefferson, Georgia, and when he had graduated therefrom entered upon his career in journalism as a compositor upon the Athens Banner. Subsequently he became a linotype operator for the Atlanta Constitution, and later traveled extensively holding positions in this capacity in twenty-eight states, as well as in foreign countries. He formed a wide acquaintance in journalistic circles and established a reputation as a strong and virile writer, but his inclinations led him elsewhere, and after some preparation he entered the Chattanooga College of Law, from which he was graduated in May, 1914. While at college he was president of his class, and was presented a token of honor in appreciation of his work. Since receiving his degree Mr. Ross

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2071

has been engaged in practice at Winder, where he has already been successful in building up an excellent practice. He has allied himself with the various organizations of his profession, and has continued to be a close and careful
student. Politically Mr. Boss is a democrat, but has found no time to devote to
active participation in political matters, although the interests of his com munity have in him a stanch supporter. Fraternally he is connected with the local lodge of the Knights of Pythias, and the Independent Order of
Odd Fellows, at Atlanta. Mr. Ross is unmarried.
Lucres A. HOUSE. Twenty-three years of association with the business and financial interests of Winder has established for Lucius A. House, presi dent of the Farmers Bank, a reputation for ability, resource and unflagging industry. He is one of the captains of success who have piloted their OAVTI craft to harbor, and in his many years of experience he has evolved the belief that hard work rarely injures anyone, and that honesty alw ys pays.
Mr. House was born in Jackson County, Georgia, November 7, 1869, and is a son-of John II. and Eliza (Collins) House, His grandfather, John G. House, who was born in Georgia, had a district named in his honor, and for many years was engaged in farming, planting and school teaching, becoming the owner of a large tract of land. John II. House was born in Jackson County, Georgia, in 1837, and was engaged in farming as his father's assistant when the Civil war came on. He offered his services and was accepted as a member of Captain Reynolds' company, in the Sixteenth Georgia Infantry, and after three years of brave and faithful service received his honorable discharge. He participated in numerous important battles, but escaped without wounds or capture. His death occurred in 1906, at the age of sixty-nine years, after he had spent many years in successful planting opera tions. He was laid to rest in Jackson County. Mrs. House, who was born in Oglethorpe County, Georgia, is still living at the age of seventy-two years. They were the parents of thirteen children, of whom Lucius A. is the fourth
in order of birth. The early education of Lucius A. House was secured in the public schools
of Rockwell, Georgia, this being supplemented by one year of attendance at Winder, and one year at Martin Institute, Jefferson. On December 12, 1892, he entered upon his business career at Winder, in the employ of Smith, Carrithers & Company, a firm with which he was connected until October 15, 1902, when he left to become cashier for Smith & Carrithers, bankers. With that institution he continued until March, 1914, when, at the organization of the Farmers Bank, he was made its president-and has continued as the direct ing head of this concern to the present time. Mr. House is known as one of the most'capable bankers of Northern Georgia, and few men have a more comprehensive knowledge of finance. Through tact, fair representation and business integrity, he has won the confidence of the community, a valuable asset indeed, and one which assures a continuation of his present prosperity. Politically he is a democrat, while his fraternal connections include mem bership in the Blue Lodge and Chapter of Masonry, of the former of which
he is treasurer. On December 10, 1897, at Winder, Mr. House was united in marriage
with Mrs. Lell Smith Eberhardt, daughter of John and Martha Smith, of Oglethorpe County, Georgia, and to this union four children have been born: one who died in infancy; John Clyde, born in 1898, who is attending the graded schools; Edith, born in 1903, also a public school student; and Lucius Gibson, born in May, 1908, who is also a public school pupil.
The City of Winder, located on the Seaboard and Gainesville & Midland railways, half way between Atlanta and Athens, Georgia, has about 3,500 inhabitants, who are among the most energetic, enterprising and progressive

2072

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

to be found in the South. Winder is ideally located in the midst of a prosperous and fertile farming country, with the finest of roads leading out into the county, a number of modern manufacturing plants, four first-class banks that would do.credit to; any large city, several splendid office build ings and a number of up-to-date stores. Several cotton and fertilizer mills are in operation here, and there are also to be found the best of railroad facilities. Until recently Winder was located in Jackson County, but a re-survey was made in 1914, and January 15,1915, a new county was formed, of which Winder became the county seat. By popular acclaim it was decided, to name the new county after Hon. David C. Barrow, chancellor of the Uni versity of Georgia, and thus there came into existence Barrow County. In March, 1915, the new county seat was dedicated .and the occasion was made notable by the presence of many prominent men and women of the South land, Chancellor Barrow being one of those present. Among the men who have made the success and development of Winder possible there may be named: Lucius A. House, president of the Farmers Bank; John A. Thomp son, president of the Winder Oil Manufacturing Company, and vice president of the Farmers Bank; T. A. M-aynard, president of the Winder Banking Company and owner of the Maynard' Building; Warren H. Toole, president of the First National Bank, and Drs. F. L. Saxon, Matthews, Saunders, William H. Bush and L. N. Hodges, together with a number of lawyers, these including Col. George A. Johns, W. H. Quarterman and G. Duke Ross. It has been wise and fortunate in the selection of its first administrative officers, its ordinary, Hon. H. G. Hill, being a man of high character and standing, as is also its county clerk, Hon. George N. Bagwell. All in all, from present indications, Winder is destined to become, at an early day, a city of more than ordinary consequence.
ABSALOM H. CHAPPEL was born in Hancock County, Georgia, on the 18th day of December, 1801. After graduating from the classical school at Mount Zion, Hancock County, he read law for about two years in the office of a distinguished lawyer of New York. His law studies were completed in the law office of Judge Augustin S. Clayton, of Athens, in connection with the University of Georgia, and he was admitted to the bar in 1821. He imme diately began the practice of law in Sandersville, Washington County, Georgia, but moved, in 1$24, to Forsyth, Monroe, County, where he continued in the practice about twelve years, when he located at Macon, Bibb County, where he remained until 1858. He then became a resident of Columbus, Georgia, where he died on December 11, 1878, having nearly completed his seventyseventh year. During his twelve years' residence in Monroe County he repre
sented that county both in the House and Senate of the Georgia Legislature. In 1836 he was a delegate to the celebrated Knoxville Convention, assembled for the purpose of devising railway communication between the Atlantic
Ocean and the West. He was one of the original subscribers and promoters
of the Monroe Railroad, the first road constructed in Georgia. It is now a
part of the Central, between Macon and Atlanta. In 1837 he was a delegate'
to a convention of merchants and others of South Carolina and Georgia to promote direct trade with foreign countries.
In 1839 he was appointed by Governor Gilmer as a commissioner, with
John McPherson Berrien and W. W. Holt, to arrange and digest a system of
finance for the state. In 1842, after his removal to Macon, he was elected to
Congress for the term of 1843-44, and went out with the southern wing of the
whig party with which he was aligned. In 1845 he was elected to the State
Senate from Bibb County and was made president of that body.
In 1849, pursuant to resolution of the General Assembly, together with
Bishop Elliott and Doctor Mercer, he was appointed a committee to report

I

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2073

on the "poor school" laws and to recommend advisable alterations in the
same. In 1853, as chairman of a special commission appointed for that purpose,
he submitted an elaborate report on the state of the treasury, public debt, central bank, the state road, penitentiary and lunatic asylum. He was trustee of the University of Georgia for many years, and was a devout and active member of the Protestant Episcopal Church.
His removal to Columbus in 1858 was with a view of retiring from public life. He figured, however, in secession agitation and at the close of the war, was elected as delegate from Columbus to the Conservative Convention held in Macon on December 5, 1867, and was one of a special committee of five to prepare an address to the people of Georgia and of the United States on the political conditions. He resumed the practice of. law in Columbus after the war for a while, but much of his time was devoted to his planting interests in Alabama, His latter years were devoted to literary pursuits, and in 1873 he published the "Miscellanies of Georgia, Historical, Biographical, Descriptive," etc., replete with most valuable and accurate information upon the interesting topics of which it treats.

REUBEN W. CARSWELL, jurist, and Confederate brigadier-general, was born in Louisville, Jefferson County, Georgia, September 26, 1828.
After having availed himself of the best opportunities for an education in his native county he was sent to Oxford, where he graduated at Emory in 1850. Returning home he at once commenced the study of law under the noted Gen. A. R. Wright and in the following year was admitted to practice. He was elected to the Legislature in 1858 and 1860, and when the war com menced he at once enlisted and was commissioned lieutenant-colonel of the Forty-eighth Georgia Regiment of Volunteers. In 1863 Governor Brown appointed him brigadier-general of state troops, in which capacity he served during the last eighteen months of the war. He resumed his practice at Louisville in June, 1865, and after moderate success, in 1881 he was ap
pointed judge of the Superior courts of the Middle Circuit, This position he held for six years, being compelled to resign on account of ill health.

WILLIAM H. QUARTERMAN. To properly interpret the law and master

/

its numerous complexities requires constant and unremitting attention, and

>/"

this incessant devotion frequently precludes the idea of the successful lawyer

indulging in activities outside of the straight path of his profession, espe

cially if his vocational duties are of an important character. There are men,

however; who are able to find the time, to engage in outside interests, and

who by the very reason of their ability in and knowledge of the law are fitted

to gain success therein. William H. Quarterman, of Winder, has been known

to the people of this community for twenty-two years as a close devotee of

the law, but he has found time to engage also in the real estate and loan

business, and to discharge in a capable manner the duties of citizenship.

Mr. Quarterman was born at Cuthbert, the county seat of Randolph

County, Georgia, March 6,1867, and is a son of Dr. K. A. and Helen (Jones)

Quarterman. He belongs to a family of Scotch-Irish origin, whose ancestors

settled in the Midway district of South Carolina, and later moved to Liberty

County, Georgia, where the grandparents of Mr. Quarterman, Thomas and

Elizabeth Quarterman, were born. They passed their lives in the pursuits

incident to life on a Georgia plantation, and reached advanced years, being

well known people of their community. The maternal grandfather of Mr.

Quarterman was Capt. Joseph Jones, who was also a well known planter, and

whose death by accident occurred prior to the war between the states.

Dr. K. A. Quarterman was born in 1839, in Liberty County, Georgia,

and there received a good education, attending the state university, and

2074

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

graduating in medicine from Franklin Medical College; Philadelphia, Penn sylvania. He had entered upon the practice of his profession prior to the Civil war, and when that conflict broke out was made chief of the hospital corps at Savannah and Macon, Georgia, serving in the Confederate army until peace was declared. With this excellent training as a foundation, he re-engaged in practice, at Cuthbert, Randolph County, later taught school two years at Valdosta, Georgia, and in 1877 returned to Walthamville, Liberty County, where he practiced medicine until his death. Doctor Quarterman died in 1901, at the age of sixty-two years, while Mrs. Quarterman survived him until 1912, and was sixty-seven'years old at the time of her demise. There were eight children in the family, of whom William H. was the third in order of birth.
William H. Quarterman attended the public schools of Liberty County,
under Capt. S. D. Bradwell, first president of the State Normal school, and following this entered the University of Georgia, where he was graduated with the degree of Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Philosophy, in 1888. Two years later he completed his legal course and was given the degree of Bachelor of Laws, and at once entered upon the practice of his profes sion. Subsequently he spent several years at Jessup, Douglas, Waycross and Nashville, but March 1, 1893, came to Winder, which has since been his field of practice and the scene of his numerous successes. Mr. Quarterman is known as a thorough and profound lawyer, and^s equally at home in every department of his profession. He is local attorney for the Seaboard Railway and the First National Bank of Winder, as well as for other large interests, and has been connected with much important litigation tried in the courts here. He has served as city court solicitor for the Jefferson City Court, as city attorney of Winder and as a member of the school board, and at one time was a candidate for the office of solicitor general of the circuit. A democrat in his political views, he has been active in'his party's ranks, and is chairman of the Democratic Executive Committee of Barrow County. Fraternally, Mr. Quarterman belongs to the Knights of Pythias, and his religious connection is with' the Presbyterian Church. Since coming to Winder he has interested himself in farming, as the owner of property occupied by tenants, and investments in desirable land led him into the realty business. He is now the owner of much valuable real estate in Barrow and other counties adjacent, and deals likewise in loans and bonds. His reputa tion as a business man is equally high with his standing as a lawyer.
Mr. Quarterman was married at Roswell, Georgia, June 29, 1893, to Miss Mary B. Brumby, of Athens, Georgia, daughter of the late A. B. Brumby, of that city. To this union there have been born five children: William H., Jr., born in 1896, who graduated at the University of Georgia with A. B. degree in 1916; Keith A., born in 1900, who is attending the Winder -High School, as a member of the ninth grade; Miss Mary B.; born in 1905, who is attending the graded schools of Winder; Helen Louise, born in 1894, who died in 1901; and Alex-B., born in 1899, who died in 1904. Mr. and Mrs. Quarterman occupy a handsome home at Winder and take a prominent part in all social events in the city.

. FRANK PHILLIP KERN. The spirit of twentieth century enterprise which has stimulated and produced in such an important degree the development of Atlanta and vicinity as one of the greatest industrial centers of the South has no better representative than the president of the Southern Iron & Equipmenj^ Company, which is one of Atlanta ?s largest industries. Mr. Kern, who came to Atlanta many years ago, has proved himself an unusually forceful director of large affairs, possessing the personality, energy and capacity requisite for the successful growth of a big business, and while absorbed'in the management of his enterprise he is at the same time identified intimately with the larger life and activities of his home city.

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2.075

Of German ancestry, Frank Phillip Kern was born -in Terre Haute, Indiana, May 30, 1867, a son of J. and Mary J. (Stephens) Kern. His father, who was born in Germany, was an early settler in Western Indiana, and helped develop that section of the country. The mother was born in
Indiana, As a boy Frank P. Kern lived in the vicinity of Terre Haute, and com
pleted his education at Bloomingdale Academy in that part of Indiana. He early became identified with manufacturing, and for years has been regarded as an authority on all matters pertaining to iron and railroad equipment work. As a manufacturer he has specialized in railroad equipment, and under his management the Southern Iron & Equipment Company has sup plied for years a large amount of the material used by the railroads of the Southeastern states. The company's shops are located along the Southern Railway & Belt Line, at the edge of the city.
In politics Mr. Kern is a democrat, actively interested in his party's success, but has never sought any political honors for himself. In Masonry he is a Knight Templar, has taken the various degrees in the Scottish Rite and is affiliated with the Temple of the Mystic Shrine. He also belongs to a number of social organizations, including the Brookhaven Country Club and the Atlanta Athletic Club. Mr. Kern married Miss May Henry, and they are the parents of two children. Their home is-at 20 Peachtree Place, and his offices are in the Grant Building.

GREEN HILL BRANDON. The firm of Barclay & Brandon, Company, funeral directors and embalmers of Atlanta, is a business which has been in continuous existence in that city almost thirty years. Mr. Green Hill Brandon,- who is president of the incorporated company, has himself been identi fied with the capital city of Georgia as a funeral director for a quarter of a century, and has supplied much of the progressiveness which has been the chief characteristics of this firm.
He comes of an old southern family, and was born at Franklin, Tennes see March 14, 1857. His father, John H. Brandon, was an architect by pro fession, and it is worthy of note that he was architect for the first state capitol erected at Austin, Texas. He also furnished plans for many other public buildings in different parts of the country. John H. Brandon was born at Columbia, Tennessee, and served in the Confederate army, along with his five brothers, all of them in the First Tennessee Regi ment. These five soldier brothers were Charles H., Edmond, Alexander, James and Walter. All are now deceased except Walter, who lives at Dyersburg, Tennessee. The son James was killed at Marietta, Georgia, during the war, but all the others lived to return home. These six brothers were the sons of Charles H. Brandon of Columbia, Tennessee, whose father in turn was Hydron Brandon, who came to America from England and was one of the pioneers in the State of Tennessee. Green Hill Brandon's mother was Mary Hill, who was born at Franklin, Tennessee, daughter of Dr. Green Hill, a physician in whose honor this son was named. Dr. ,Green Hill's wife was Margaret Kirkpatrlck. John H. Brandon died about 1869, and his wife three years later. Of their six children Green Hill was the second. His three brothers and tWo sisters are: Charles H. Brandon, who is president of the Brandon Printing Company, a large concern at Nashville, Tennessee; Miss Mary of Nashville; Mattie, the widow of George H. Beasley, of Nash ville; James, who lived in San Francisco many years, and is now deceased; and John Alexander, of Nashville.
The old homestead of the Brandon family was at Franklin, a city which was in the direct path "of many of the campaigns fought during the Civil war. He was a boy of seven or eight years when the bloody battle of Frank lin was fought in 1864. The Brandon home, a frame building, was riddled

2076

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

with bullets, though none of the occupants were hurt, since the mother and her four small children, while the battle was in progress, all laid fiat on the floor to escape the missiles which penetrated the walls. Mr. Brandon received his early education at Franklin, and as a boy served a four years' appren ticeship at the jeweler's trade. He concluded this apprenticeship when only seventeen years of age, and thus got an early start in the world's activ ities. At Nashville thereafter he spent one year clerking for George R. Calhoun, in his jewelry store, and then took up the jewelry business (for himself at Hopldnsville, Kentucky. He made a start there before his nine teenth birthday, and at the age of twenty, October 11, 1877, married Miss Maggie Mills of Hopkinsville. For thirty-nine years Mr. and Mrs. Brandon have continued their companionship, have shared their prosperity, and have reared their children to do them honor.
The jewelry business at Hopkinsville continued until 1888, in which year his store and stock were completely destroyed by fire and without insurance. In 1889 he came to Georgia, first locating at Dalton, which was his home for four years. At Dalton in 1890 he took up the undertaking business, and in 1892 removed to Atlanta, and became associated in business with the late John F. Barclay, under the firm name of Barclay & Brandon. Mr. Barclay had originally established the business in 1886, under the firm name of Wiley & Barclay. Thus for thirty years the name Barclay or Brandon has been continuously identified with this line of work in Atlanta, Mr. Brandon has been manager and active business head of the concern since 1892, and since the firm was incorporated August 1, 1908, has1 been its president. Since incorporation the business has been conducted as the Barclay & Brandon Com pany, though Mr. Barclay died in 1909 and since then no one of his name has had any financial or other connection with the corporation The vice presi dent of the company at the present time.is Robert M. Brandon, only son of the president, and he is also assistant manager.
No firm of undertakers and funeral directors in Georgia have exhibited more progressiveness than this. Their headquarters are at 246 Ivy Street, and they have every equipment and facility for the highest standard of service, including automobile hearse, private chapel, private ambulances, and sldllful and experienced professional service. It is noteworthy that the first rubbertired hearse in America was built for the firm of Barclay & Brandon in 1895. Mr. Brandon brought the first private ambulance to Atlanta in 1901, and in 1913 he brought the first automobile hearse to the state. He has himself officiated at many noted funerals during the past twenty-three years. In 1893 when the body of Jefferson Davis, former president of the Confederacy, lay in state for twelve hours in Atlanta while en route from New Orleans to Richmond, Virginia, Mr. Brandon was the local undertaker in complete charge. He also officiated at the funeral of Gen. Clement A. Evans and at the funerals of Hon. Charles F. Crisp, exspeaker of the National House of Representatives, of the United States Sena tor A. S. Clay, of Julius Brown, son of the war governor, and of many
others. Mr. Brandon is a member and former president of the Georgia State
Funeral Directors' Association, and served three terms as its president. He is a life member of the National Funeral Directors' Association, and for one term was on the Georgia State Board of Embalmers. For eleven years he was a member of the municipal board of health, and during that time served as president and was also secretary several different times. He was a charter member of the Board of Associated Charities of Atlanta, and for many years a director. He belongs to the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce, is a member of the Christian Church, and fraternally is identified with the Masonic Order, the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and the Knights of Pythias. He is just as well known for his civic and social activities as for
the profession by which he has so capably served the city.

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2077

Mr. and Mrs. Brandon. have three living children, one son and two daughters, all of whom are married. Gertrude is now Mrs. "W, A. Gheesling; Lelia is Mrs. Clayton S. Berry; and the son is Robert M. Braudon. All live in Atlanta.
TIIERON S. SHOPE. A native sou of Georgia whose mental ken lias been widened to broad horizon through earnest study and varied experience in connection with the practical affairs of life is Theron S. Shope, who stands as one of the representative newspaper, men of Georgia, and who has the distinction of being editor of The Dalton Citizen, which has been authori tatively designated as one of the fifty-two best weekly newspapers in the United States, this decision as to its status having been rendered in conso nance with the results of a pooled vote taken in 1914 by the school of journal ism of the University of Oregon, after a most extensive and careful investiga tion. In the- City of Dalton, the judicial center of Whitfield County, Mr. Shope is also general manager of The A. J. Showalter Company, of which he is also a director. Tim company has one of 'the largest and most modern printing and publishing establishments in the State of Georgia, the facilities and appointments of all its departments being of the highest grade and its business of great volume.
The splendid enterprise of The A. J. Showalter Company had a modest inception and the founder was Anthony J. Showalter, a man of initiative, energy and marked constructive ability. The company has become the fore most in the South in the publishing of trade periodicals, and is also the largest undenominational music-publishing house in the entire South. The volume of its business received from the City of Atlanta alone has attained to the significant annual average of .$50,000, and its general business in printing and publishing emanates from all parts of the South, under which conditions it may readily be understood that the corporation represents one of the most important industrial enterprises in the thriving City of Dalton and that its operations have added materially to the commercial prestige and material prosperity of the city in which its fine and extensive plant is situated. In 1911 the old plant of the company was destroyed by fire and this misfortune was not without its benignant influence, for it compelled the erection of a new plant and back of the enterprise was the capital and con trolling progressiveness that brought about the construction of the present model plant, the substantial brick building having been designed with special care in providing light and the best of sanitary conditions and its equipment throughout being of the best known to the printing and publishing trade. The aggregate floor space utilized is 20,000 square feet, and the business'gives employment to a corps of about fifty persons, each depart ment having its requisite quota of skilled workmen.
As editor of The Dalton Citizen it has been within the powers of Mr. Shope in later years to develop the old established weekly paper into one of the best in the Union and greatly to augment its success and precedence, its circulation now exceeding 2,000 copies each week. The Citizen was founded in 1850, has long been the official weekly paper of AVhitfield County, and is today a most effective exponent of local interests and director of public opinion.
Theron S. Shope, a man who has come to the front through his own ability and well ordered efforts, was born in Gilmer County, Georgia, on the 6th of April, 1874, and is a son of Rev. Eldridge B. and Sarah (Anderson) Shope, the former of whom was born in Cherokee County, North Carolina, and the latter in Habershain County, Georgia. In his native state Rev. Eldridge B. Shope was reared to adult age and there, he received in the common schools his early educational training. As a young man he came to Georgia and here his marriage was solemnized within a comparatively short

2078

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

time thereafter. After careful preparation he was ordained a clergyman of

the Baptist Church, and thereafter he served for many years as pastor of

the church of this denomination at Ellijay, Gi.lrner County, a faithful servant

in the vineyard of the Divine Master and one who has labored with much

ability as well as with consecrated zeal. He was widely known through

Gilmer and Murray counties and there he is still held in affectionate esteem

by all who came within the sphere of his gracious and noble influence. In

1900 he removed with his family to Oglesby, Texas, where he holds a

pastoral charge, and where both he. and his wife are continuing the earnest

labors. _ Of the six children Theron S., of this review, is the eldest. Mrs,

Sarah (Anderson) Shope, the devoted wife and mother, is a member of one

of the old and honored families of Georgia.

It is a deplorable but recognized fact that the financial emolument of

clergymen in rural districts is seldom hi consonance with the earnest and

self-abnegating service rendered, and thus it was that Theron S. Shope was

reared in a modest home and without the fortuitous advantages of even

moderate wealth, though culture, refinement and high ideals compassed him

in the formative period of his character-building and were of greater value

than mere material wealth. Early in life he began to earn his own living,

and none in American loyally can, fail to appreciate the value of such dis

cipline, which moulds and fortifies the individuality and opens the vista in

which lie the possibilities of large and worthy achievement. Mr. Shope

gained hi the parental home both lesson and inspiration, so that he made

good use of the direct educational advantages afforded to him and also applied

himself to study in leisure hours, with a determination to acquire the great

est possible fund ol: knowledge and to win for himself success in life. In

the Village of Ellijay there came to him. the opportunity of assuming the

exalte?! office of "devil 7 ' in a newspaper office, and when only a boy he thus

gained his initial knowledge of the (; art preservative of all arts." He

learned the printer's trade and it has consistently been said that thorough

training in a .newspaper office is equivalent to a liberal education. At the

age of sixteen years Mr. Shope went to the City of Atlanta, where, as a

journeyman printer, he found employment in the establishment of the

Atlanta Newspaper Union and later with the Franklin Printing & Pub

lishing Company. In 1893 he transferred his residence to Dalton and

assumed a position in the office of the Dalton Argus. After being thus

engaged three years he resigned his position to accept one with The A. J.

Showalter Company. lie remained in this position for several years, and

was promoted to the forcrnansbip of the printing department. From this

position he was transferred to the business office, where he was installed as

manager. His technical knowledge of the printing business has combined

with his superior executive ability to make him specially successful in his

service in this important capacity, besides which he has become a member of

the directorate of this important corporation.

In a private sense as well as in his editorial capacity Mr. Shope stands

exponent of the utmost civic loyalty and progressiveness, and he takes a lively

interest in all that touches the social and material welfare of his home city.

On the 15th of December, 1909, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Shope

i

to Miss Mary Helen. Huff, who was born in Eastern Tennessee but who was

j

reared and educated in Georgia, she having been a resident of Dalton at

i

the time of her marriage. Helen Shope is their only child.

j

JOHN C. ROLLINS, M. D. Successfully engaged in the practice of his

profession in his native city of Dalton, Doctor Rolling has high status and

unqualified popularity as one of the able and representative physicians and

!

surgeons of Whit Held County, and that he is a scion of one of the sterling

i

pioneer families of Georgia needs no further voucher than the statement

i

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2079

that his paternal great-grandfather was one of the first to receive from the Government a grant of land in Georgia in recognition of loyal and gallant service as a patriot soldier in the War of the Revolution, this statement giving also the assurance that the Rollius family was founded in America in the
colonial era of our national history. Dr. John Calvin Rollins was born in the City of Dalton on the 25th of
November, 1875, and is a son of John S. and Sarah (Thomas) Rollins, both of whom were born and reared in Murray County, this state. John S. Rollins was born in the year 1838 and his wife in 1851, the respective families having been ones of prominence and influence in Murray County.
Mr. Rollins was a son of Calvin and Sarah (Stroud) Rollins, both natives of Murray County, Georgia, where the former was born in the year 1812 and where he eventually became an extensive planter and the owner of a large number of slaves. He was a leading member of the Primitive Baptist Church in his county and was a man whose fine character gave him secure vantage place in the esteem of all who knew him. He died in the year 1887, and his father, a veteran of the Continental Line in the Revolution, was the soldier-patriot to whom was given a grant of land in Georgia, as stated in the opening paragraph of this article. This honored founder of the Georgia branch of the family was a native of South Carolina and represented that commonwealth as a Revolutionary soldier, he having passed the latter years of his long and useful life as a pioneer citizen of Georgia and having been eighty-six years of age at the time of his death.
John S. Rollins was tiie eldest in a family of ten children, the second in order of birth being Martha, who is the wife of James McMahon, their home being in Tennessee; Nancy is the widow of Stephen Anderson and resides in the City of Chattanooga, that state; Elizabeth became the wife of Ralph Jackson and she was a resident of the State of Oklahoma at the time of her death; Julia is the wife of Boss Cobb, of Comauche, Oklahoma; Fannie R. is the widow of James Crimm and she likewise is a resident of Comanche; Viola died at the age of nineteen years; Robert, who was a soldier in a Georgia regiment during the Civil war, died in the State of Texas, in 1913; Luther also was a resident of the Lone Star State at the time of his death; and Boss passed his entire life in Murray County, Georgia, where he died at the age of twenty-two years.
Reared and educated in his native county, John S. Rollins there con tinued his identification with the basic industry of agriculture until there came the call to higher duty and his immediate response to the same. When the South found it necessary to defend her rights on the field of battle he enlisted in the Confederate ranks, as a member of the Thirty-ninth Georgia Regiment, and after he had taken part in numerous engagements he was captured by the enemy and held for some time as a prisoner of war. He was finally paroled and after his exchange was effected he promptly re-enlisted and proved anew his valor as a faithful soldier of the Confederacy. Among the most noteworthy battles in which he took part were those of Mission ary Ridge and Atlanta, After the war he resumed his activities as a farmer in Murray County but he came eventually to Whitfield County, where he became a prominent representative of the same line of industry, the closing years of his life having been passed in the City of Dalton, where he died on the 1st of February, 1910, his widow still remaining on the old home stead, and having celebrated her sixty-third birthday anniversary in 1915.
John S. Rollins was thrice wedded, his first marriage having been with Miss Frances Ann Wood, daughter of George Wood, of Murray County. She was survived by five children, namely: Cora, who became the wife of Thomas W. Cox and who died in the year 1913; William Jefferson, who is now a resident of Comanche, Oklahoma; Margaret, who is the.wife of Robert 0. Mitchell, of Dalton, Georgia; Albert L., who is a prosperous farmer of
Vol. IV 16 '

2080

GEORGIA AND GEOEGIANS

Whitfield County; and Dora, who is the wife of James Kirby, of Yellville, Arkansas. Of the second marriage of John S. Rolling no children were born. His third marriage, to Miss Sarah Thomas, resulted in the birth of eight children, of whom Dr. John C., of this review, is the eldest; Charles Edward died at the age of twenty-two years, in 1892; Robert Franklin is a representative farmer near the Village of Redclay, Whitfield County; Thomas Oliver is manager of the Indian Refining Company, of Dalton; Jessie is the wife of William Yates, of Ringgold, Catoosa County; Maude remains with her widowed mother at the old homestead; Arthur Earl, who is a progressive farmer of Whitfield County, married Miss Ruth Vining and they have one child, Arthur; Ernest, who likewise is numbered among the prosperous farmers of Whitfield County, wedded Miss Winnie Robertson, and their one child is Kathryn Louise.
Dr. John C. Rollins continued to attend the public schools of Dalton until he had completed the curriculum of the high school, and that he made good use of these advantages is shown by the fact that he proved himself eligible for pedagogic honors and services. For a period of eight years he devoted his attention to teaching during the summer months, principally in the rural schools of Murray and Tattnall counties, and through this medium he accumulated the funds that enabled him to defray the expenses of his professional education. He entered the medical department of the Uni versity of Georgia, where he prosecuted his studies during the winter terms, his summers being given to teaching as previously noted. He was graduated with honors as a member of the class of 1904, and after receiving his well earned degree of Doctor of Medicine he forthwith instituted the practice of his profession in the City of Dalton, where his success has been on a parity with his recognized ability and where he now controls a specially large and representative practice. He is a close and appreciative student of the best in medical and surgical literature and thus keeps in touch with the advances made in both branches of his profession. Further influence is given to him in this direction through his active affiliation with the Ameri can Medical Association, the Georgia State Medical Society, the Whitfield , County Medical Society, the Southern Medical Association, the Southern Clinical Society, and the Georgia Surgeons Club. The doctor has won high vantage-ground as one of the leading physicians and surgeons of his native county and as one of the foremost representatives of his profession in this section of the state. The doctor can give no negation to his strong allegiance to the democratic party and is most loyal and public-spirited in his civic attitude, but he deems his exacting profession worthy of his undivided time and attention, subordinates all extraneous interests to its demands, and thus has had no desire to enter the arena of so called practical politics. He is affiliated with the Dalton organizations of the Knights of Pythias and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and was reared in the faith of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, of which both he and his wife are members. The only definite diversion from the arduous work of his profes sion that Doctor Rollins consents to indulge is an occasional extended automo bile tour with members of his family, and on one occasion they made by means of his modern touring car the journey from Dalton to New York City, find ing the trip most interesting throughout.
On the 23d of September, 1903, was solemnized the marriage of Doctor Rollins to Miss Anna Tolula Lane, who likewise was born and reared in Whit field County and who is a daughter of John D. and Ella (Robinson) Lane, both of whom were born in this county, where they retained their residence until 1907, Mr. Lane having been a successful merchant here, and having been engaged in the same line' of enterprise at the present time in the thriving little City of Ardmore, Oklahoma, to which state he removed in 1907. Doctor and Mrs. Rollins have three children, Evart Lane, who was born December 20.

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2081

1905;' John Daly, who was named in honor of his maternal grandfather and who was born August 10, 1907; and Annie Sue, who was born March 31, 1914.

BERT A. TYLER. Whitfield County and its attractive judicial center, the thriving and ambitious little City of Dalton, have not failed to accord a tribute of appreciation to the enterprising and progressive citizen gained to them when Mr. Tyler here established his home, for his vital optimism and insistent public spirit have proved dynamic forces in furthering civic and material advancement and he has gained, prestige and unalloyed popu larity as one of the representative business men and loyal citizens -of Dalton, where his influence has been so directed and so effective as well to entitle him to that modern and expressive sobriquet, a "live wire." A man of northern birth and training, he is thoroughly en rapport with his chosen city and state, alive to their manifold attractions and advantages and ever ready to exploit the same. Such men are an acquisition in any community, and it is gratifying to accord in this history of Georgia a brief sketch of the career of this valued and adopted citizen.
Mr. Tyler was born at Monroe, Ogle County, Illinois, and is a son of Horace C. and Abigail (Piper) Tyler, both likewise natives of that state and representatives of sterling pioneer families of the same. Horace C. became a prominent agriculturist and stock-grower in Ogle County, where he was the owner of a valuable landed estate and was influential in community affairs. He was active in political circles in his county and was called upon to serve in various and important offices of public trust in the county. He died in 1879, at the age of forty-four years, and his widow continues to reside on the old homestead in Ogle County during the summer mouths, each suc cessive winter season being by her spent at her attractive winter home in Florida. Of the seven children one died in infancy; Eleanor is the wife of George L. Lewis and they reside at Evanston, one of the most beautiful suburbs of the great City of Chicago; Cora is the wife of Arthur L. Funk, of Tulsa, Oklahoma; Bert A., of this review, was the next in order of birth; Rose is the-wife of Wilbur M. Cipperly, of Rockford, Illinois; Blanche is the wife of Samuel Clark, of Mounds, Creek County, Oklahoma; and Frank likewise maintains his home in Mounds.
Bert A. Tyler attended the public schools of Monroe, Illinois, until his graduation in the high school, and in the department of pharmacy of the great Northwestern University at Evanston, that state, he was graduated as a member of tne class of 1892 and with the degree of Graduate in Pharmacy. He initiated his business career by assuming the position of manager of the drug department of the Williams and Mills Company of Evanston, and this incumbency he retained five years, at the expiration of which his impaired health caused him to resign and seek a change of climate, his physical health never having been of robust order, though his ambitious spirit has never recognized this as a definite handicap. From his native state Mr. Tyier went to the City of New Orleans, Louisiana, where he accepted a position in the branch establishment of the Charles Munson Manufacturing Company, a Chicago corporation. He remained thus engaged in the Crescent City one year and then returned to Evanston, Illinois, where he formed a copartner ship and engaged in the retail drug business, under the title of the TylerLeffingwell Drug Company. The enterprise was continued successfully under the original partnership alliance until 1906, when the health of Mr. Tyler became very precarious, under which conditions he disposed of his business interests and removed to Dalton, Georgia, a city whose salubrious climate and favorable location caused him to hope that here he might recuperate his physical powers. At a point two miles distant from the city he purchased a small farm, upon which he erected a modern residence and made other

2082

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

improvements, his belief being that the measurable devotion to life in the open would enable him to regain his wonted health a hope in which, fortu nately, he was not disappointed.
Within a short time after coining to Dalton Mr. Tyler further identified himself with local interests by becoming a stockholder in the Dalton Buggy Company, the other interested principal being George L. Lewis, his brotherin-law, with whom he became associated in the buying of the interests of the other stockholders. Mr. Lewis, as previously noted in this context, is a resident of Evanston, Illinois, and thus the entire active management of the
business has devolved upon Mr. Tyler, who has adopted most progressive policies and built up a substantial and prosperous enterprise in the sale of automobiles, carriages, buggies, machinery, etc., the establishment being one- of the largest and best equipped of the kind in this section of Georgia. Alert and vital in his civic attitude, Mr. Tyler has vigorously given his earnest co-operation in the furtherance of measures and enterprises tending to advance the best interests of his home city and county, has taken the initiative in various movements and has become a recognized leader in the business circles of Dalton. He was one of the organizers of the Dalton Chamber of Commerce and has been at the forefront in defining and carry
ing forward its work and the upholding of its high civic ideals. He is serving as president of this vigorous organization in 1915 and is also an active and popular member of the Dalton Country Club, of which he was one of the organizers. He has entirely recovered his health and this happy condition has but added to his enthusiasm in regard to the city and state of his adop tion. He has done much to bring about harmony between opposing factions in business and public affairs in Dalton, and to a large degree was instru mental through effective championship of progressive policies in municipal affairs, in causing the city to issue bonds to the extent of $125,000, in 1909, for the purpose of making needed improvements in the waterworks and sewer age systems of the city, the installing of modern street paving, and the upbuilding of the public schools, this municipal munificence having been demanded and all expenditures being now recognized by the citizens in general as fully justified and as of enduring value to one of the foremost of the minor commercial and industrial cities of the South. In this connec tion Mr. Tyler applied himself diligently and unselfishly, as he has done in other movements for the general good of the city. He is deeply interested also in the good-roads movement, is always ready to contribute liberally of his time and money in the advancing of such worthy enterprises, and is spe cially active in the promotion of the construction of what is to be known as the Dixie Highway, a fine modern road from Chicago to Florida.
In polities Mr. Tyler maintains an independent attitude and both he and
his wife hold membership in the Presbyterian Church. Mrs. Tyler is a
popular factor in the representative social life of the community and as a
gracious chatelaine has made her beautiful home a center of generous hos
pitality, this fine home, though situated on a farm, being in comparatively
close proximity to the city and having the most approved modern appoint
ments and facilities, including electric light. Mrs. Tyler is active in the
various church societies with which she is identified, and also in the local
chapter of the Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution and in
leading women's clubs of Dalton. Mr. Tyler finds ample opportunity to
indulge his insistent proclivities as a student of botany, and finds much,
pleasure in investigating and scientifically assigning place to the various
forms of plant life in the South. He is also fond of equestrian exercise and
of golf, and in his stables he keeps several fine saddle horses. He has made
many friends in business and social circles since establishing his home in
Georgia, has formed the acquaintance of numerous citizens of prominence in

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2083

public affairs in the state, and counts as a personal and valued friend the present chief executive of this commonwealth, Governor. Slaton.
On the 30th of October, 1895, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Tyler, of Evanston, Illinois, to Miss Bertha Kellogg, who was born in the City of Grand Rapids, Michigan, and who is a daughter of Gideon and Emma (Donaldson) Kellogg, the'former a native of the State of New York, and the latter of Michigan. Mr. and Mrs. Tyler have one child, Elizabeth Abigail, who was born at Evanston, Illinois, on the 18th of December, 1896, and who
remains at the parental home.
JUDGE RICHARD H. CLARK was born in Springfield, Effingham County, Georgia, on March 24, 1824. His father,'Josiah H. Clark, was a native of Dorchester, Massachusetts, and was a kinsman of Charles Sumner. Imme diately after completing his academic studies at Springfield, Massachusetts, he read law, and was admitted to the bar in 1844. He then located at the frontier Town of Albany, South Georgia, where he remained in practice and as a citizen of public affairs! for twenty years.
In 1849 he was elected to the State Senate, but afterwards refused to enter politics. He did, however, take an active part in the famous convention of 1857, when the celebrated deadlock occurred on the nomination of governor, the result of which, largely through Mr. Clark's efforts, was to bring Joseph E. Brown first into public notice. In 1861 Judge Clark represented his, dis trict in the Secession Convention, and in 1862 became judge of the South western Circuit, which position he retained until he resigned and moved to Atlanta, in 1866. Before the infirmities of ill health had overtaken him, Governor Brown had appointed him in connection with Jared Irwin and Thomas R. R. Cobb to codify the laws of Georgia. It was an herculean task, and the way in which the duty was performed entitled the members of that commission to the undying gratitude of Georgia. To Judge Clark perhaps more than to either of his colleagues the credit of compiling this first code was due. He again entered upon the active practice of law in Atlanta, and again his health compelled him to retire. In 1876 he accepted the appoint ment as judge of the City Court of Atlanta, and after serving most accept ably resigned that place to become judge of the Stone Mountain Circuit, which office he filled up to his death, in Atlanta, February 24, 1896.

THOMAS R. R. COBB was born in Jefferson County, Georgia, April 10, 1823, and while yet a child his father moved to Athens, Georgia. Being a man of very considerable wealth, owner of productive plantations and many slaves, his family lived in luxury. Having attained the required age, Tom
Cobb entered the University of Georgia and graduated with the first honor in the class of 1841. Soon afterward the family estate became involved and was bankrupt, the young man being thus put to a severe test at the outset of his career. He was admitted to the bar in 1842 and formed a partnership with his brother, Howell Cobb, but before the end of the year the latter was elected to Congress and he was left to practice alone.
Mr. Cobb was appointed reporter of the Supreme Court in 1849. In this admirable school, at a time when the decisions of the court were based upon
the great principles of law and equity, he sat at the feet of the ablest lawyers at the bar.
Among his greatest works as a lawyer was his codifying the laws of Georgia, Previous to that time digests had been made and he himself had
written a digest of the laws of Georgia. A committee was appointed by the General Assembly to codify these laws, and the civil and criminal laws were
assigned to Mr. Cobb, and his Code of Georgia was made the law of the state. In the midst of a laborious practice he was foremost in every move
ment for the good of the community in which he lived. He was the chief

2084

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

factor in building the Presbyterian Church and was active in every church work. He was the promoter and organizer of Oconee Cemetery. He was the founder of Lucy Cobb Institute and its mainstay in the days of its infancy. He was an influential trustee of the University of Georgia, and to all these enterprises he gave his personal attention.
Mr. Cobb was a delegate to the convention which passed the ordinance of secession. In his earnest advocacy of this measure he would agree to no compromise nor assent to any plan which contemplated that Georgia should remain in the Union. In the organization of the Confederate States as a. member from Georgia he took a prominent part. He was assigned to the Committee on the Permanent Constitution, and that state paper, although adapted from the old constitution,' was largely the work of his brain. It was the one work he had come to. do and having finished that he was ready to retire. Offers of civil office were made to him, but he declined them all, feel ing that duty and honor called him to the field. He organized and com manded Cobb's Legion, a body comprising the three arms of the service, infantry, cavalry and artillery. Until the president separated them, in order to drill his legion, Colonel Cobb had to familiarize himself with the manual of each branch of service. Having had no previous military experi ence whatever, this meant hard and earnest work; but he accomplished it, and at the first review earned the praise of General Magruder for the admirable way in which he handled his men.
Colonel Cobb was promoted to brigadier-general in November, 1862. At the battle of Fredericksburg his brigade was stationed in the sunken road behind the stone wall, the target for six successive attacks of the Federal army. Away across the battlefield stood old "Federal Hill," the house which has been his mother's home and in which she had been mar ried. In the yard on a little knoll was placed a Federal battery, firing shot and shell into the Confederate line behind the wall. General Cobb had dismounted in an interval of the attack, and was walking up and down the road encouraging his men, when a shell, fired it was said from the battery on Federal Hill, exploded arid struck him, severing the femoral artery and causing his death shortly afterward.

GEORGE G. GLENN. To a family name that has been one of no little distinction in connection with civic and material activities in his native State of Georgia, Hon. George Grant Glenn has contributed new honors through his sterling character and noteworthy achievement. He is engaged in the prac tice of his profession in the City of Dalton and is recognized as one of the foremost criminal lawyers in Northern Georgia, with unmistakable leader ship at the bar of Whitfield County; he has achieved splendid work as a legislator and is now serving, in 1914, his third term as representative of Whitfield County in the State Legislature; .he has become known for his versatility as a writer and lecturer; his character is the positive expression of a strong and loyal nature; as a citizen he gives earnest support to all measures and agencies tending to promote the moral, educational and material welfare of the community; he has, in short, given excellent account of him self in all of the relations of life, and to such .men it is most gratifying to accord definite consideration in a publication of the province assigned to the one at hand.
George Grant Glenn was born in Whitfield County, Georgia, on the 28th of October, 1868, and is a son of Jesse and Eliza (Crook) Glenn, the former of whom was born in Gwinett County, Georgia, on the 21st of December. 1833, and the latter of whom was born on her father's fine plantation in Greenville District, South Carolina, a daughter of William and Nancy (Evans) Crook.
Jesse Glenn was a son of James and Maria (Thompson) Glenn, the former

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2085

of whom was born and reared in the State of New York and the latter in Georgia, where their marriage was solemnized and where in his youth Mr. Glenn received a liberal education. Early in the nineteenth century three brothers of the Glenn family made their departure from the old Empire State, Robert having settled in Louisiana, James, grandfather of the subject of this review, having established his home in South Carolina, where as a teacher he achieved marked success and prestige in educational circles of the period, and the third of the brothers went to the West, after which his family lost all trace of him. From South Carolina James Glenn removed to Georgia and established his residence in Chattooga County, where he continued his services as an able representative of the pedagogic profession, besides accumulating property and becoming a citizen of prominence and influence, both he and his wife passing the remainder of their lives in this state.
Largely under the personal direction of his father Jesse Glenn acquired an excellent education, and like his sire he became a successful and popular teacher, his services in this field having been initiated when he was a youth, in Chattooga County, whence he later removed to Whitfield County. He was a resident of the latter county at the inception of the Civil war and to him came the distinction of having recruited the first company in this county for the Confederate service, that of Company H and he afterwards organized the Thirty-sixth Georgia Regiment and was its colonel. Upon the organization of Company H he was chosen its captain by acclamation, and the gallant little command became a part of the regiment commanded by Col. Paul J. Sims. Captain Glenn proved a most dashing and intrepid soldier and officer, and his nerve and daring were often looked upon as approaching rashness, It is certain that his enthusiastic valor led him into the very thick of the fray in the various engagements in which he participated and that his courage brought grave penalties, in that he received severe wounds. In the Battle of Vicksburg he lost one-half of his left hand and a part of his left shoulder, these grievous wounds having been caused by a bursting shell, and his arm having ever afterward been practically useless to him. While in active service at the front Captain Glenn was detached from his regiment and sent, by Gen. A. W. Reynolds, to Northeastern Georgia with authority to recruit a brigade. With characteristic energy and finesse he expeditiously accomplished this work insofar as was possible before the time when his mission became fruitless, owing to the termination of the war and the ultimate attending disaster to the Confed erate cause and the interests of the stricken and prostrate South. It will thus be seen that the physical infirmity resulting from his wounds did not in the least dampen the loyalty and ardor of Captain Glenn, and that high distinc tion would have been his had he been permitted to raise his brigade is evident from the fact that after the close of the war there was sent to him his com mission as brigadier general, an honor that he deeply appreciated. How pleasing to record that this gallant veteran, with the strength of his noble manhood, permitted the passing years to so soften the animosities entailed by the Civil war, that when the Spanish-American war was precipitated, many years later and at a time when he was nearing the psalmist's span of three score years and ten, his military zeal and intrinsic patriotism prompted him, in spite of venerable age and physical infirmity entailed by ancient wounds, to tender his services in the recruiting of a company for this modern conflict at arms. His very age and infirmity through wounds caused his overtures to be rejected. Captain Glenn was a man of high ideals and noble aspirations. He was never known to betray a friend or to harbor malice against an enemy. He was a natural leader in thought and action, yet his genial optimism and unvarying consideration for others gained to him troops of friends and caused him to exemplify involuntarily the truth of the statement that "The bravest are the tenderest; the loving are the daring." This honored and revered Georgian passed the closing years of his long and useful life in the

2086

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

City of Dalton and was summoned to eternal rest on the 20th of March, 1904. about two months after his seventieth birthday anniversary, his loved and
devoted wife having passed away three years previously, at the age of sixty-
two years. Prior to the Civil war, and when but nineteen years of age, Captain Glenn
was appointed judge of the Inferior Court of Chattooga County. He removed to Dalton in 1852, and after the war he served four years as postmaster of this city, under the administration of President Grant. He was a stalwart republican in his political proclivities, and represented Georgia on the presi dential electoral ticket at the time of the election of President Harrison and later of President McKinley. Through thorough training and broad experi ence he became one of the prominent and representative members of the bar of Whitfield County. He was a man of fine physical constitution and great vigor, of utmost urbanity and graciousness of manner, and frequent attention was drawn to his remarkable facial resemblance to Rev. Henry Ward Beecher. Of the seven sons of Captain Glenn four died in infancy, and concerning those who attained to manhood the following brief data are given: Williams Crook Glenn, who became recognized as one of the leading lawyers of Georgia and also as one unexcelled in intellectual attainments, died at the age of fortytwo years, in the City of Atlanta, where he was at the time a member of the prominent law firm of Glenn & Rountree. Thomas R. Glenn, who was for
merly United States deputy collector of internal revenue, resides in the City of Dalton and is now sheriff of Whitfield County. Hon. George Grant Glenn, whose name initiates this review, was the next in order of birth. Alexander M. Glenn met his death as the result of injuries received in an explosion in Dalton and was twenty-one years of age at the time. Charles A. Glenn, who became a prosperous farmer in Whitfield County, died at the ago of twenty-four years.
In the public schools of Dalton George G. Glenn continued his studies until he had been graduated in the high school, and he then turned vigorously to preparing himself for the profession in which his father had gained success and high honors. Applying himself closely to the study of law under the effective preceptorship of his father, he proved himself eligible for and was admitted to the bar of his native state on the 31st of October, 1889 three days after attaining to his legal majority. His professional novitiate was served in Dalton, and from 1896 until the spring of 1902 he was engaged in the practice of his profession in the City of Atlanta, as an associate of the firm of Glenn & Rountree, of which his eldest brother, the late Williams C. Glenn, was the senior member. In 1902 Mr. Glenn returned to Dalton, and in the following year he was elected representative of Whitfield County in the State Legislature, his effective service continuing through 1902-3-4. In 1908-9 he was again found the loyal and efficient incumbent of this office, and in 1914 he was once more elected representative of his county in the Lower House of the Legislature. As a legislator Mr. Glenn has shown great dis crimination, loyalty and zeal during each term of his service, and he has been influential in the enactment of many measures of great importance to the state and its people. The election to office of this popular citizen is the more significant as indicating his hold upon the confidence and esteem of the people of his county, in that the same is normally a democratic stronghold and he has invariably been elected as a republican, his activities and influence having made him one of the leaders of the republican party in his native state. Though essentially practical, of marked maturity of judgment, Mr. Glenn is animated by the most wholesome spirit of charity and good will and is spe cially earnest in his upholding of the unfortunate and misguided, with broad humanitarian spirit and with naught of intolerance. This attribute of his is always in evidence and is not to be restrained by objective power or influence. The following clause from his published platform at the time when he ap-

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2087

peared as candidate for the Legislature in the autumn of 1914 tells its own story: "I favor and will vote for all temperance and moral laws which seek to build up a high moral plane and better life for the people of Georgia. Especially do I favor the industrial schools, and the reformatories for un fortunate women and wayward boys. I want to give them a chance in life and hold out a helping hand to those unfortunate classes. It is my earnest wish and desire to do all in my power to help my fellows."
In the Legislative Assembly of 1903 Representative Glenn introduced the very important bill prescribing a 2-cent passenger rate on all railroads oper ating in Georgia, and at that session he was assigned to the house committees here noted: General judiciary, Western & Atlantic Railroad, temperance, penitentiary, University of Georgia, and State Sanitarium. An.irrepressible humorist and dominant wit, Mr. Glenn had made innumerable contributions that have "added to the joy of nations," and not even in the dignified halls of legislation has he seen fit to submerge his tendencies. In the session of the Georgia Legislature in 1908 he introduced freak bills the text of which was published and copied in newspapers and magazines throughout the country and including the leading New York dailies. The grotesque humor and facetiousness of these productions, it is needless to say, had no tendency to cause a feeling of depression and grief on the part of those who heard or read. One was known as the rainbow-hosiery bill, another as woman's wiles, or the blandishment bill, and with all of austere dignity Mr. Glenn presented a pre tentious amendment to the Shaw mosquito bill a legislative document and not the appendage of the insect'. In the legislative'session of 1914 Repre sentative Glenn came to the front with another of his famous "joker" bills, the text of the same being to effect the legalization of the dances known as the tango and turkey-trot, and authorities being quoted in reversion to the days of King Solomon and King- David.
Under appointment by President Harrison, Mr. Glenn served four years as a representative of the United States census department. In 1910 he was elected judge of the City Court of Dalton, for a term of four years, but his liberal ideas and policies in the treatment of defendants appearing in his tribunal led to the abolishing of the court entirely after he had served one year a result which he has viewed with unqualified satisfaction. He in variably gave unfortunate persons the benefit of a doubt, tempered justice with mercy, suspended sentences and remitted or reduced fines, and other wise brought consternation to many lawyers appearing in his court, his in terpretations having, however, been in consonance with law and precedent and his functions having been exercised with a humane spirit that might well be emulated in other tribunals. The same attitude has made him a strong criminal lawyer, and he gives special attention in his practice to this branch. He is local attorney in Dalton for the Southern Railroad and has other influ ential and important elements of clientage. Pie is affiliated with the Inde pendent Order of Odd Fellows, the Junior Order of United American Mechanics, the Improved Order of Red Men, the Order of Phoenix and the Woodmen of the World, and is identified with representative social organiza tions in his home city and also in Atlanta. His wife holds membership in the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, in which denomination the Quillian fam ily has maintained leadership for generations, five or more of its representatives having been clergymen of the church, and such preferment having been given by both the Northern and Southern conferences. Mr. Glenn is the author of a succinct history of the life of the noted Cherokee Indian of Georgia, Chief Vann, and copious extracts from this biography and tribute have been pub lished by leading papers throughout the Union. With his proclivities as a humorist and his ability as an orator, Mr. Glenn is much in demand on the lecture platform, and in this line he has contributed his quota to the high pres
tige of Georgia as a state of high literary standing and distinctive culture.

2088

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

In the year 1891 was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Glenn to Miss Mollie Rebecca Quillian, daughter of William C. and Jane (Tye) Quillian, her father being a prominent agriculturist and business man of Whitfield County. The five children of this union are Jesse G., Edgar Latnam, Bessie I., and Lillian and Lucille, who are twins. In conclusion it may be stated that Mr. Glenn is now out of polities. He states that from the present time on he will at all times be independent in his affiliations, and proposes to vote the "national Prohibition ticket."

HARLAND J. WOOD. In the autumn of 1912 the voters of Whitfield County elected to the Court of Ordinary a native son of the county, and his adminis tration has fully justified the popular confidence thus manifested, for Judge Wood has a broad and exact knowledge of the county and its people, has, shown marked discrimination and administrative ability and is proving an ideal executive, with no manifestation of autocratic tendencies and with scrupulous fidelity in protecting the interests of all who have business in his court.
Judge Harland Joshua WTood was born in Whitfield County on the 7th of January, 1873, and is a son of Isham and Ainanda (Calhoun) Wood. Isham. Wood was born in South Carolina, in 1826, and thus was seventy-four years of age at the time of his death, in 1900, the demise of this honored citizen of Whitfield .County having occurred at his fine homestead farm, where his
widow still resides. He established his residence in this county in 1847 and thus was entitled at the time of his death to honors as a pioneer citizen. When the Civil war interrupted the pervasive peace and prosperity of the fair Southland Isham Wood was one of the loyal men who promptly tendered their aid in defense of the Confederate cause. He enlisted as a private in the first company of volunteers recruited in Whitfield County, by Capt, Jesse Glenn, concerning whom specific mention is made on other pages of this work, in the sketch of the career of his son, Hon. George G. Glenn. This company became a part of the Thirty-sixth Georgia Regiment but was later attached to the regiment commanded by Col. Paul J. Sims, its members having distinguished themselves in many hard-fought battles, including that of Vicksburg. Mr. Wood served during the entire period of the war and made a record that shall inure to the lasting honor of his name and memory. In later years he main tained the deepest interest in his old comrades in arms and signified this by his affiliation with the United Confederate Veterans. Be was a man of strong individuality and high principles, was inflexible in his allegiance to the demo cratic party and was a consistent member of the Missionary Baptist Church, in which his widow also has long held membership. They became the parents of eleven children, all of whom are living except one, and all of the number are members of the Missionary Baptist Church except one, James, his affilia tion being with the Methodist Episcopal Church, South. Concerning the children brief record is here entered in the respective order of their birth: Sarah is the wife of George W. Parson, a farmer in Gordon County; James Henry is postmaster at Rockyface, Whitfield County, where he is engaged also in the mercantile business; John J. is a representative merchant in the City of Dalton; Miss Lou Wood died at the age of thirteen years; William T. re
sides at Rockyface and is one of the progressive agriculturists of his native county; Bury is a prosperous farmer in Walker County; Emma is the wife of Rev. John L. Kennemer, a clergyman of the Methodist Church, and they reside in the City of Dalton; Judge Wood of this review was the next in order of birth; Charles L. is successfully engaged in the mercantile business at Dalton; Mary is the wife of William S. Thompson, who likewise is a merchant in Dalton; and Addie is the wife of Dr. Thomas 0. Rollins, a representative
physician of this city. At Dalton, the judicial center and thriving metropolis of his native county,
Judge Wood was afforded the advantages of the public schools, including the

,,'>,.
?gf'^^; :'.';* S-^r,-;
; ^IP^^

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2089

high school, and thereafter he continued to be associated in the work and management of the homestead farm of the family until he had attained to the age of twenty-three years. He then became associated with his brother James in the conducting of a general merchandise store at Rockyface, the enterprise having been developed into one of large scope, with attendant success of unqualified order, and the copartnership between the brothers having con tinued thirteen years, at the expiration of which, in 1909, Judge Wood sold his interest and purchased a fine farm of 510 acres, in Whitfield County. On this excellent landed estate he effectively resumed his allegiance to the great basic industry under whose benignant influences he had been reared, and he assumed assured precedence as a successful farmer and stock-grower, his farm having been given over largely to the growing of cotton and corn.
From the time of attaining to his legal majority Judge Wood has been a stalwart and earnest advocate of the cause of the democratic party, and his career as a public official was initiated in 1907, when he was elected a member of the board of county commissioners, a position of which he continued the efficient incumbent four years. His ability and personal popularity conspired to make further official preferment his portion almost without interruption of service, for in 1912 he was elected judge of the Ordinary Court of Whitfield County and in assuming the duties of this office he, as a matter of course, established his residence in the .City of Dalton, where he is giving the most careful and systematic attention to the important post to which he has been called. The judge is a man widely known for his genial and kindly nature, his tolerance in judgment and his conservative views. With all of considera tion he spares neither time nor effort in bringing about an amicable adjust ment of all estates and matters that are handled by his court, and his kindly intercession has in many cases brought about a friendly settlement and re stored pleasant relations among opposing kinsfolk. He has thus been able to discourage expensive litigations and the fomentation of animosity, with the result that those who have heeded his counsel have come to look upon him as a friend and philosopher, though some of them appeared before him in an attitude of belligerency against other interested persons. In his official func tions as in all other relations of life Judge Wood places true estimates upon his fellow men and their interests, and his broad views and abiding human sympathy make him the ideal executive in the office of which he is the honored and valued incumbent. The judge is affiliated with the Masonic fraternity, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Junior Order of United American Mechanics, and the Woodmen of the World. Both he and his wife hold membership in the Missionary Baptist Church and are active in the various phases of its work. He still retains possession of his valuable farm and gives to the same a general supervision.
On the 3d of March, 1898, was solemnized the marriage of Judge Wood to Miss Ella Ault, who, like himself, was born and reared in Whitfield County and who is a daughter of Jacob A. Ault, long a prosperous farmer of this county. Judge and Mrs. Wood have five children, namely: Ivan Ora, Lucille, Neal, Florine, and Ralph.

CAPT. WILLIAM JOSEPH KINCAID. A Georgian who did big things in his active years, and whose prosperity, honorable position, and contentment are well won and well deserved, is Capt. William Joseph Kincaid, now living retired at Griffin. Mr. Kincaid has been through the entire routine of ex perience and achievement. - He comes of one of the solid old families of the South, but his own boyhood was one of limited opportunity. He served in the Confederate army until a wound and capture took him from the service and left him at the close of the war practically an invalid and heavily in debt. He possessed some ,of the finer genius for business operations, made a success in a small way as a country merchant, and then a few years after

2090

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

the war engaged in cotton manufacturing at Griffin, where for years he has been regarded as the foremost citizen.
Born on a farm in Burke County, North Carolina, January 3, 1841, he is a son of Milton Wilburn and Mary Abigail (Bristol) Kincaid. The Kincaids are an old Scotch Presbyterian family, and some centuries ago were identified with the nobility of Scotland. The founder of the family in America and the ancestor of William J. Kincaid was his great-grandfather, John Kincaid, Sr., who was born in the North of Ireland about 1710, emi grated to America, landing first at Philadelphia, settling near Carlisle, Penn sylvania, but about 1750 coming South and settling in Tryon, now Lincoln County, North Carolina, Late in life, about 1792, he moved from Lincoln
County to Burke County, North Carolina, and bought 1,400 acres of land six miles north of Morgantown. It is said that most of this land
is still owned by his descendants, and it was on part of this magnificent estate that William J. Kincaid was born. John Kincaid, Sr., was twice married and had altogether a family of eighteen children. Not only he but four of his sons, Capt, John Jr., William, James and Robin, gained the grati tude of their nation and theh\ descendants by gallant and active service as soldiers in the American Revolution. The son James already mentioned was the grandfather of William J. Kincaid.
Thus the Kincaids have been identified with North Carolina more than a century and a half, and while the name has not frequently appeared in connection with the higher honors of public affairs, the members of the fam ily have been noted for personal integrity and patriotism among the men and the exalted purity of the women.
One who has made an excellent study and has written a charming appre ciation of the career of William Joseph Kincaid has written of his early life and experiences as follows: a PIe was reared on a farm in the backwoods where schools were scarce. His early educational opportunities were very poor, as the schools were limited to two or three months each winter, and the teachers were ignorant and incompetent He left the farm at the age of thirteen, having managed to acquire a fair knowledge of the three rudi mentary branches. When about seventeen, realizing his lack of book learn ing, he gave up his position as clerk in a store, and at his own expense attended a school at Rutherford Academy, Burke County, North Carolina, for ten months, after which he taught a country school for five months. Returning to town, he spent the next two years, until the commencement
of the Civil war, as clerk in a store. u He served in the war between the states from beginning to end, a period
of four years and two months. At the first call to arms, April 17, 1861, he joined Company G, First North Carolina Volunteers, which was the first company raised in his county for the Confederate army, and without any
solicitation whatever, he was made first sergeant. " Sergeant Kincaid with his company participated in the first battle of the
war at Big Bethel, June 10, 1861. There he saw the first Confederate soldier killed Private Wyatt of his regiment; and five minutes later he saw the first Federal officer killed in battle Major Winthrop of New York.
"In November of the same year he was appointed by the Governor of his state first lieutenont of Company D, Eleventh North Carolina Infantry, and the following year at the age of twenty-two was promoted to captaincy of his company, and served with that rank, taking part with his command in the battles of Big Bethel, White Hall and other small battles, until July 1, 1863, when he was desperately wounded at Gettysburg. He was left on the battlefield when Lee's army retired and was captured and detained in the field hospital twenty-one days. After this he was held in the hospital at David's Island, New York, and was a prisoner at Bedloe's Island John son's Island, Point Lookout and Fort Delaware till the middle of June after

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2091

the surrender, notwithstanding the fact he was unable, on account of his
wounds, to do military service. "After the war Captain Kincaid found himself in wretched health,
caused by the severe wounds received at Gettysburg and nearly two years' imprisonment. Financially his indebtedness consisted of four hundred dol lars, borrowed while in prison, and his assets were forty dollars arid not a garment fit to wear. But his courage was still dominant, and hope, with
radiant smiles, assured him that the good things of this world belonged to him who honestly wins and dares to take them. He accepted the first employment he could find; he did not wait for it to come to him but hunted it up. This was a position as salesman in a Baltimore jobbing dry goods and notion house. A year later he secured a silent partner, who had a little money, and they started a mercantile business in a small way at Wilson, North Carolina. After five years he and his partner divided forty thousand
dollars profit."
The Georgia citizenship of Captain Kincaid began in 1871 when he estab lished his home at Griffin. For about twelve years he continued his mercan tile operations, and in 1883 turned his attention to those larger industrial enterprises with which his name is so closely linked. At that time he se cured subscriptions to stock and organized the Griffin Manufacturing Com pany. This was the first cotton mill built in Griffin, and one of the first mijls operated by steam power built in any small town in the state. In a few years it was recognized as one of the most profitable and successful cotton mills in the United States, and it furnished an object lesson for the building of a large number of mills all over the South, and the investment of millions of dollars in such enterprises. After the success of his first ven ture Captain Kincaid in 1889 organized a second company in Griffin and built the Kincaid Mills, and some years later in 1900 he built the Spaldiiig Mills. This group of three mills has done more than anything else to give Griffin its prestige and prosperity as an industrial center. In all his busi ness affairs Captain Kincaid has been actuated by a spirit of high idealism and a desire to benefit others besides himself. He had come to realize when a southern soldier how helpless is a purely agricultural people, and it was therefore not only enlightened self interest but an enlightened patriotism to the land which he loved so well which caused him to bring into being indus tries which would diversify the activities of the people and cause an industrial to exist alongside and co-operative with the agricultural life of the South. Captain Kincaid for many years also was president of the Atlanta, Griggin and Macon Electric Railway Company.
He was twice married. On June 6, 1867, Miss Addie Vale Blackwell became his wife. He married Miss Mary Alice Phelps on October 23, 1872. There are three children, two by the first wife and one by the second. Hattie Blackwell is now Mrs. W. B. Young of Wilson, North Carolina. Ben J. Whitely lives at Wilson, North Carolina. Addie Yale is Mrs. Dr. J. M. Thomas of Atlanta, Georgia.
Outside of the splendid material achievements which are associated with his career, Captain Kincaid is one of the most interesting men in Georgia by personality and character. The writer already quoted says of him: "In his earlier days Captain Kincaid was full of energy and notably ambitious, as he is today. Whatever his engagement or his work, he pursued it with diligence and strong purpose to accomplish well. He has always given close attention to detail and accuracy. As a youth he was physically vigorous and eagerly anxious to succeed. He worked upon the farm as a boy with quite as much painstaking and attention to detail as he has given as a mill president to the large industries under his control. He was never con fronted by a task to which he surrendered. He always prepared himself well for the demands he was exoected to meet and then met them with determined

2092

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

purpose to succeed. His message to young men and to the world might well be put in these words: ' In all the affairs of this life, difficulties become less formidable as you approach them; that all things are attainable to him who brings to bear integrity, tenacity of purpose and courage.'
"Captain Kincaid has always been fond of books but his tastes have been altogether too practical and his inclinations too much towards the industrial to give much attention to polite literature or fiction. He is espe cially fond of history and biography. He loves and he studies things and men. He is fond of inquiring into what has occurred and what brought it to pass. Few men as busy as he know more of personal, political and general history.
"Captain Kincaid is a most pleasing companion. His close attention to business has not made him brusque or abrupt, but, on the other hand he has remained genial and sunny through all the thought and care and study that have been necessary to build the great industries he has managed. Pos sibly the most commendable feature in the life of this busy man is the beau tiful consideration bestowed upon his employees. He never takes advan
tage of their ignorance of their helplessness. It gives him pleasure to see them accumulate by husbanding their resources. He counsels them as to individual and home life and encourages them to industry and thrift. He does not work his people as machines for the money he can get out of them, but deals with them as human beings for whom he most generously provides, while his intelligence and humane consideration direct their strength and their effort for mutual service."

JAMES J. COPELAND. That alert and appreciative mentality that makes possible the attainment of high intellectual powers is possessed in a significant degree by Mr. Copeland and its definite manifestation is found in his excellent professional ability, his fondness for the study of political economics, philos ophy,- history and other advanced forms of literature. He is a young man of marked ambition and steadfastness of purpose and is not only one of the representative younger members of the bar of his native county but also a loyal citizen who is always instant in upholding and exploiting the manifold advantages and attractions of Georgia, especially his native county and his fine home City of Dalton, the judicial center of Whitfield County.
James Judson Copeland was born on a farm in Whitfield County, Georgia, on the 25th of November, 1882, and is a son of James Monroe Copeland and Sally (Dobson) Copeland, natives respectively of Cherokee and Whitfield counties and representatives of well known families of Northern Georgia, The lineage of the Copeland family is traced back to the staunchest of Scottish origin and he whose name introduces this article is'a scion of the fifth gen eration in America. The founders of the family in the United States came from the northeast coast of Scotland and the ancestor of James J. Copeland settled in the South Carolina colony. He served as a patriot soldier in the War of the Revolution, and by reason of this fact the subject of this sketch is eligible for membership in the Society of the Sons of the American Revolu tion. Alexander Copeland, grandfather of James J. of this review, was the founder of the Georgia branch of this worthy colonial family. He first settled in the vicinity of Athens, McMinn County, Tennessee, in the early '50s, and later he removed to Walker County, where he became a prosperous planter and where he continued his residence until 1906, when he removed to Floyd County, where he lived in gracious retirement during the evening of his life and where he died on the 24th of December, 1912, at the patriarchal age of ninety years. He was a man of strong mind and inflexible will, and his life was guided and governed by the highest principles of integrity and honor, sothat he commanded uniform respect, though tenacious in his opinions and ever ready to defend the same. Four full years of loyal service were ren-

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2093

dered by him as a soldier of the Confederacy in the Civil war, and after having been captured by the enemy he was incarcerated in the Federal prison at Columbus, Ohio. With seven other prisoners of war he contrived to escape from this place of confinement in the capital city of the Buckeye State, but only two of the number survived the ensuing hardships. The escape was made in mid-winter and he and his comrades set forth with clothing that offered meager protection against the climatic rigors. Alexander Copeland. in his furtive journeying to the South, was compelled to swim the .various rivers which he encountered, often in icy waters, and necessity compelled him to protect his only clothes, which he strapped upon his naked back when he thus crossed the streams. He arrived at his home in tattered garments and utterly exhausted, but considered himself fortunate in having made good his escape and having been able to endure the incidental trial and hardships of exposure, hunger and almost constant danger of recapture on his long and weary journey from Ohio to Georgia. The wife of this gallant veteran bore the maiden name of Melissa Sartin, is of German lineage, is a native of Tennessee, and now resides in Floyd County, at the venerable age of eightyseven years, in 1915.
James Moriroe Copeland, the third in a family of seven children, was born
in Cherokee County but was reared to adult age in Walker County. He was for years 'a prosperous -agriculturist of Gordon County, and in his home his venerable mother is cared for with the utmost filial solicitude, his homestead
farm being situated near the City of Rome; his wife died in 1895, in Gordon County, and was thirty-nine years of age. Mr. Copeland is a deacon of the Baptist Church, in which the family has held membership for three or more
generations. Concerning the children of James M. and Sally (Dobson) 'Copeland brief record is entered in the following paragraph.
Beatrice died at the age of twenty-two years; Frank G. is a railroad con
ductor by occupation and maintains his home in the City of Chattanooga, Tennessee; James J., of this sketch, was the next in order of birth; Sterritt D. was graduated in Mercer College, with the degree of Bachelor of Arts, and is at the present time principal of the high school at Pendergrass, Jackson
County; Eolian M. is the wife of Edward T. Malone, of Fort Worth, Texas; Robert Earl is engaged in the mercantile business in the City of Chattanooga, Tennessee; and Florence L. is attending school at Oostanaula, Georgia,
To the schools of his native county James J. Copeland is indebted for his early educational discipline, and in pursuance of higher branches of study he
was matriculated in Mercer University, in which he was graduated as a mem ber of the class of 1907, with the degree of Bachelor of Arts, and from the law department of which he received in the following year the degree of
Bachelor of Laws. In 1909 Mr. Copeland began teaching in the public schools of the Village of Cohutta, Whitfield County, and his influence and success in the pedagogic profession were exceptional. He became the virtual founder
of the high school at Cohutta, and continued as its valued and popular prin cipal until 1914, when he resigned, greatly to the regret of the community, and established his residence in the City of Dalton, the county seat of his
native county, where he engaged in the practice of law. His sterling char acter, excellent professional attainments and personal popularity have com
bined to give him unusual success in the initiative period of his law practice
and he already has high standing at the bar of Whitfield County, with every assurance of becoming one of its leading members, for within him are the ability, energy and ambition that make for large and worthy success in the exacting profession of his choice. He is attorney for the Mascot Stove & Foundry Company of Dalton, and otherwise has gained an excellent clientage.
Though he has not as yet manifested ambition for political preferment, Mr. Copeland accords unwavering allegiance to the democratic party and is well fortified in his opinions concerning economic and governmental policies. He

2094

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Patriotic Order of Sons of America, the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and the Junior Order of United American Mechanics, Mr. Copeland is an active and zealous member of-the Baptist Church and is. a teacher in the Sunday school of this denomination in the City of Dallas, his. circle of friends in his native county being limited only by that of his acquaintances.
JAMES WAITSTILL BRADLEY, M. D. While a continuous practice of thirtyfive years has brought Doctor Bradley the distinction of being the oldest physician of Adairsville or of Bartow and Gordon counties, the usefulness of his service is not to be measured in years alone. It is said that Doctor Bradley has covered more miles of travel in and about this section than any of his contemporaries, and he has been most indefatigable in attending his patients, scattered over a large range of territory. Doctor Bradley is a fine type of the family physician, and hundreds of his patients feel that his cheerful presence is as valuable as his medicine. Doctor Bradley also has a standing among the front rank of Georgia horticulturists, and has pursued his fondness for coun try life by developing one of the largest peach orchards in his home county.
James Waitstill Bradley was born in Caldwell County, North Carolina, March 30, 1850, a son of Burton and Theresa (Costephens) Bradley. The following incident explains the origin of the Costephens family in this country. The great-grandfather of Doctor Bradley was a native of Dublin. As a young boy while playing hide and seek upon a vessel that was being loaded with freight for America he asked a sailor to hide him where his companions could not find him. The sailor secreted the boy, and then forgot all about the incident. The youth probably fell asleep and did not come to light until after the ship had left port. He never heard of his family and friends again, and gave his name as Costephens. After some varied experiences he settled in North Carolina, married and reared a family of five children.
Burton Bradley, father of Doctor Bradley, was the son of William, who was a farmer and mill owner and man of large means in Caldwell County, North Carolina. For many years he operated a mill on King's Creek in that county and died in the early '50s at the age of sixty years. Burton Bradley spent his early life in Caldwell County and was educated for the ministry. As a young man he began preaching in the primitive Baptist churches of North Carolina, but in 1855 came to Georgia and for many years preached the Gospel without pay in Gordon County, and continued that work until old age settled upon him. He acquired a good farm, and that was the business which he pursued for profit. His death occurred at the age of eighty-five, and he was one of the best loved men in Gordon County. His wife died in 1896 at the age of seventy-three. Of the thirteen children, six died in infancy, and brief mention of the others are as follows: William C. Bradley, who was killed June 27, 1862, while participating in one of the Confederate charges in the battle of Cold Harbor; John A., who likewise became a Confederate soldier, joined the First Regiment of Georgia State Troops and was captured during one of the engagements in front of Atlanta, and since the war has followed farming and preaching, and died in 1891 at the age of forty-six; Samuel, who died in 1873 at the age of twenty-one; Dr. James W.; Robert H., who is a prominent horticulturist and'since 1880 has lived at Fresno, Califor nia; Dr. Richard S., who is a graduate of the Southern Medical College at Atlanta, is engaged in practice at Folsom, Georgia; Dr. Jeff Davis, who graduated from the Southern Medical College and is now in practice at Kings ton, Bartow County.
James W. Bradley spent his early life in the country districts of Gordon County, and while there attended the public schools and made good use of his opportunities for an education. His active career began as a teacher, and a desire to see the West led him out to Texas, for two years he was a teacher

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2095

in Leon and Grayson counties. He then came home with the determination
to induce his parents to go to Texas, but was unable to persuade his father on account of the latter's devotion to his church congregation, and he was also loth to leave the fine farm. Doctor Bradley in early life intended to
study law, his inclinations in this direction being increased by his ability as an orator and debater. However, in 1876, the old family physician, Dr. Morris J. Dudley, induced the young man to read medicine. With Doctor Dudley as his preceptor, and with more than ordinary natural ability as a student, Doctor Bradley pursued his reading with characteristic energy, and in 1878 entered the old Atlanta College of Medicine, where he was graduated
with honors in the class of 1880. His first practice was done in his native County of Gordon, but on February 26, 1881, he moved to Adairsville, and
that city has been his home and the scene of his professional activities ever
since.
Doctor Bradley is affiliated with the Masonic order and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. Early in his career he made farming his recreation, and has been almost as successful as a horticulturist as in his profession. For many years he has owned the farm, and has given special attention to the raising of peaches. In 1904 he shipped forty carloads of his own fruit to market. In 1895 Doctor Bradley built a pleasant home on a large and beau
tiful site in Adairsville and his is now one of the most attractive homesteads
in that little city.
In 1883, in Adairsville, Doctor Bradley married Miss Eugenia Catherine
Johnson of Gordon County, a daughter of Thomas and Jane (Durham) John son. Her father was for. many years a leading druggist of Adairsville, and
both parents are now deceased. Her father was born in Guilford County. North Carolina, while her mother was a native Georgian. Doctor Bradley and wife have two children. Emma Catherine is the wife of J. R. Combs of Adairsville. Thomas Harwood, who graduated from the local high school and
the University of Kentucky in the business course, now plans to take up the study of medicine. This son was married July 2, 1914, to Charleysam Crawford, who was born in Buena Vista, Alabama. Mrs. Bradley is one of the leading members of the Baptist Church, and has served as president of the Missionary Society and is also active in woman's club work.

HENRY MADISON YEACH. Nearly half a century ago the late James M.

Veach established and began the operation at Adairsville of a flour and corn

mill. Its wheels have been turning ever since, machinery from time to time

remodeled and brought up to modern efficiency, has been making products

that are of the highest importance to the people of that community. It is a

business with a history, and around the institution have been associated the

enterprise, the azseful activities and the prosperity of the Veach family for

all these years.

Henry Madison Veach, a so-n of the founder of this mill, is now one of the

leading citizens of Adairsville, where he is serving the community as mayor,

and has long been identified with milling and banking. He was born in

Adairsville October 30, 1867, a son of James Madison and Julia (Echols)

Veach. His father was born at Middleton, Virginia, the son of a farmer in

rather humble circumstances, and in early life left home in order to see the

country and earn his own living. Arriving in New York City, he found

employment there, but later came south to Georgia, and finally settled in

Adairsville, where he was the pioneer merchant and one of the very earliest

settlers. During the war between the states he was put in charge of the

commissary department, since his health would not permit him to join the

ranks as a soldier. It was in 1867 that James M. Veach built and began the

operation of the flour and grist mill now for many years conducted as the

J. M. Veach Milling Company. vol. iv-ir

The mill had an original capacity of 100

2096

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

barrels per day. This was developed as a very profitable enterprise, and there has been no secession in its activities for the past fourteen years. James M. Teach also conducted a large store at Adairsville, and was one of the men who built up the town. His energy in business affairs was fully equalled by his public spirit, and he was the kind of man whom people delight to honor with responsibilities above his aspirations. At one time he was put in nomina tion without his knowledge for the office of legislator, and was elected and served one term, though he never had a taste for public life. He was also a member of the Masonic fraternity. His death occurred at Adairsville in 1897 at the age of seventy-four years. His widow is now living in a pleasant home at Adairsville. Of their seven children four died in infancy. The
oldest of those living is George A. Veach, who is associated with his brother Henry M. in the milling business. The only daughter is Annie,* wife of Noah H. Grady, residing at Chattanooga, Tennessee.
Henry M. Veach was educated in the public schools of Adairsville, and after leaving high school took a course in the Eastman Business College at Poughkeepsie, New York, from which institution he is a graduate. His busi ness training came in his father's mill, and after the death of the elder Veach the business was incorporated and is now owned jointly by him and his brother George. The mill has since been enlarged, and today they are the largest wheat and corn mills in Bartow County, with a daily capacity of 350 to 400 barrels.
In 1899 Henry M. Veach and others: organized the Bank of Adairs ville with a capital of $15,000, which has since been increased to $25,000. The prosperity of this institution is well indicated by the surplus of $50,000. which has been accumulated through the earnings of the bank above the dividends paid to the stockholders. Mr. Veach has been president of the bank since its organization. He has also served on the city council and was one of the men who gave Adairsville its present waterworks system and in other ways has been identified with local upbuilding and improvement. Mr. Veach is a member of the Masonic fraternity and the Mystic Shrine and the Knights of Pythias, and has a large circle of friends among the prominent men of Georgia. He is associated with Asa B. Candler and other prominent financiers as trustee of the $400,000 fund, as a director of the Bankers Trust Company of Atlanta, which controls 150 banks in Georgia and other states. It is a noteworthy fact that the J: M. Veach Milling Company throughout its forty-eight years of business existence has never been a plaintiff or defendant in any suit brought in the Superior courts of the state. Mr. Veach is a man of rare business acumen, is conservative without being a reactionary, and his pleasant personality has brought him hosts of personal friends.
George Albert Veach, his older brother, was born in Adairsville April 14, 1862, and finished his education in Dahlonega College. At the age of seven teen he entered his father's mill and is a practical mill man. He has served Bartow County as county commissioner and as chairman of the board of roads and revenue for two years. His business interests extend to the owner ship of 3,000 acres of fine farm land in Bartow County, and he has the supervision of twenty or more tenant farmers.
George A. Veach is a Knight Templar Mason. He was married October 14, 1885, at Cass Station, Georgia, to Miss Mattie Dobbins, a native of Griffin, Georgia, and a daughter of Miles G. Dobbins. Mrs. Veaeh is an active mem ber of the Baptist Church and of its Missionary Society and of the Woman's Club. There are. six children of their union.

JOHN COFFEE, Indian fighter, planter and congressman, was born in the State of Virginia, in 1780, and when a small boy his father moved with his family to Hancock County, Georgia. He was not associated with General Jackson in his campaigns, as was his cousin and namesake of Tennessee, but

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2097

later on he became a personal friend of that distinguished man. His military services appear to have been rendered to the State of Georgia in connection mainly with the Indian troubles of the first twenty-five years of the nine teenth century. In his youth he moved from Hancock County to Telfair County. Most of his military service was rendered in South Georgia and Florida, and as it was a wilderness country, he is said to have cut out and built a road for the transport of his munition and supplies, which for half a century was known as the "Old Coffee Road," and a part of it is recognized on the records of the state as the boundary line of Berrien and Coffee coun ties. The latter county was organized and named in honor of General Coffee by the Georgia Legislature in 1854. He served his county for several terms in the State Legislature, and this, combined with his military record, brought him into prominence as one of the leading men of the state, so that in 1832 he was elected to the Twenty-third Congress. In 1834 .he was re-elected to the Twenty-fourth Congress, and was a useful, though not a showy member of Congress, but from the time of his entry into the House his health was infirm and steadily grew worse, so that on September 25, 1836, he died at his home four miles southeast of Jacksonville, and was buried there.
MARK ANTHONY COOPER, who did so much to develop the resources of Georgia, came of a numerous family which had migrated from Virginia to Georgia, He was born in Hancock County, Georgia, near Powellton, on April 20, 1800, and died at Etowah, in Bartow County, in the eighty-fifth year of his age. After obtaining an academic education he entered Franklin College, Athens, but soon afterward became a pupil at the South Carolina College, from which he was graduated in 1819 with the degree of A. B. He then entered the law office of Judge Strong, in Eatonton, Georgia, and was admitted to the bar in 1821. He at once engaged in the practice at Eatonton in partnership with James Clark. Although he made a success at the bar, his business qualifications were so strong and his bent in that direction so decided that about 1833 he organized a company with $50,000 capital and built a cotton factory on Little River, near Eatonton. He furnished the plan of the building, superintended its construction and adjustment of the water power. This was the first well-built water factory in Georgia, except that of Mr. White, at Athens. By this time he had decided to move to Columbus, Georgia, and engage in banking. He sold his stock in the cot ton factory for par and interest, collected the money due him and went to Columbus about 1835. At Columbus he organized a banking company with $200,000 cash capital, and began business as a banker of discount and deposit. He declined to issue bills as was customary at that time. Aided by a -strong board of directors he managed this bank success fully over long years, which included the panic of 1837,' and paid annual dividends of 16 per cent, Back in 1831, in connection with Charles P. Gordon, he had agitated the building of a railroad from Augusta to Eatonton. This was the first movement looking to the actual building of a road in Georgia, In 1833 he served in the State Legislature with this same Charles P. Gordon, and they obtained a charter superseding the one granted in 1831, and this charter with various amendments, is now the charter of the Georgia Railroad and Banking Company. It was drafted in 1833 by William Wil liams, of Eatonton, Georgia, and under that charter the road was built to Madison, Covington, Decatur, and to a place called Marthasville, (now the City of Atlanta), with a branch to Athens. From Atlanta,, the State of Georgia, in the midst of great opposition and trouble, built a road to Chatta nooga, then called Ross Landing, on the Tennessee River. Mark A. Cooper was a warm and zealous advocate of this measure. A great celebration took place upon the completion of the road, in which Mr., Cooper was a very

2098

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

prominent figure, and thus he had the pleasure of seeing his dream of 1831 realized a railroad from Augusta to Chattanooga. Later on, with his .own means, he built a branch of this road to his works, at Etowah, and was a prime factor in the building of the Cartersville and Van Wert Railroad, afterwards extended to Cedartown, and called the East and West Railroad.
In 1836, there were troubles with the Seminole Indians. Five companies of volunteers were organized at Macon in a battalion, and Mark A. Cooper elected as major and commanding officer. He took active part in the cam paign in Florida. In 1838 he was elected to Congress and a few years after ward developed important iron properties in Bartow County. He was elected to Congress as a state rights democrat, was active in politics through the Civil war period and for long afterward. He was also active in all the great movements for the development of his state for a period of more than thirty years. He was the first president of the Georgia Agricultural Society, greatly interested in the state fairs at which his cattle frequently won prem iums, was one of the early trustees of the Mercer University and later became a trustee of the University of Georgia, a position which he held for nearly forty years.

WILLIAM HARRELL FELTON. One of the most eminent Georgians of his
day and generation was the late William Harrell Felton of Cartersville. As a physician, a preacher, a farmer, and legislator in state and nation, he everywhere exhibited the sterling strength of his character and an inde pendence of judgment such as few men in any time or place have possessed, and throughout a long lifetime went about doing good, ministering to the unfortunate, playing the part of a disinterested and unselfish leader, and walking upright in the fear of God. It is a matter of .good fortune that a competent review of this splendid citizen can be published in this history of Georgia.
The only child of John and Mary D. Felton, he was born in Oglethorpe County, Georgia, June 19, 1823. The Feltons came out of England and were settled in the American colonies at a very early time, the exact date not being recorded. Descendants of the family are found in New England, Pennsyl vania and North Carolina. John Felton was a farmer, and in early manhood served as a captain in the War of 1812 against England. He participated in some of the notable campaigns against the hostile Indians in Georgia. He was under General Floyd in the campaign along the western frontier, the line of which was then represented by Fort Hawkins, near the present City of Macon, and Fort Mitchell, near Columbus, long before those towns had been established. This campaign closed Vith the battle of Challubbee when the hostile Upper Creek Indians were driven across the Chattahoochee River. This opened the way for white settlers to locate in this section of Georgia.
The late William Harrell Felton inherited the patriotic spirit of his father and the strong mental characteristics of his mother, as well as her facial resemblance. His early boyhood was spent on the Oglethorpe planta tion. His education being the chief desire of his parents, they removed to Athens where the growing boy might be prepared for university in the grammar schools of that town. In 1842 he was graduated from Franklin College with a speaker's place, and soon afterwards began the study of medi cine. He was graduated in medicine at Augusta in 1844, being chosen vale dictorian of his large class. A few years later he moved to Cass, now Bartow County, and resided there until his death in 1910 at the ripe old age of
eighty-seven. Doctor Felton's first public service came with his election to the Georgia
Legislature in 1851. About the same time he had entered the ministry of the Methodist Episcopal-Church South, as a local preacher. For a number of years, including the Civil war epoch, he devoted himself to his active duties

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2099

as a physician and a private citizen. His military service was confined to
medical attention to the sick and wounded in the hospitals of Macon. After
the war he gave his time and attention to the farm and to his various civic
interests which demanded notice during and after the Reconstruction period.
One of the notable chapters in Georgia politics concerned his vigorous campaign for Congress during the '70s. Early in 1874 he was repeatedly
urged to come out as an independent democratic candidate for Congress. Not until June of that year did he announce himself for that honor. The people
of the Seventh District had found many reasons for dissatisfaction, claiming
that ring rule and unfair nominating methods demanded a revolt and insist
ing that he was the man who could lead the independent movei^int. The
Seventh District covered fourteen populous counties, and much of the country had to be personally canvassed in private conveyances. The excitement was intense from the start. Every other district in the state having submitted to
the regular nominating convention, though with more or less dissatisfaction/ Felton's heroic venture immediately made him^ the conspicuous head and front of a campaign such as Georgia had not known for many years and which focused upon him public attention not only throughout the state but from other states as well. As the campaign progressed speeches and newspapers exhibited intense feeling, and the campaign was not free from that disagreeable feature known as "mud.slinging." Neighborhoods and church congregations
were divided, even families split upon the merits of the opposing candidates. The approach of the election intensified feeling and as a measure to save its
face the regular democratic organization deposed its first candidate and put up a second man. Then with every force at its command the attack began
anew on the independent candidate. Every day but Sunday the candidates were on the stump, often three times a day, and not until the last vote was cast on the day of election was the hard work slackened. Partisan feeling
ran so high and outside bets were so many that the result was held back for three days, but the final returns gave Doctor Felton a majority of eighty-two
votes in a contest where more than 15,000 ballots were cast and counted. For three successive campaigns Doctor Felton continued to lead this vigorous in
dependent movement, and each successive time received handsome majorities as an independent candidate. Then, as is not unusual in democratic com munities, the enthusiasm abated and the regular organization returned to
power, and three times his candidacy was defeated. In one of these elections he carried a contest into the Lower House of Congress, since he felt assured that the methods used were brazen and arbitrary, but failed to unseat the member at "Washington. Doctor Felton ever afterward insisted that this struggle to restore honesty to public elections meant more than a personal
honor to himself and was really of regenerative value to the entire state, since it aroused public opinion to the need of reform, and he was but the simple and humble instrument of such awakening. It could only have been a matter
of great gratification to him that in these political campaigns, extending
throughout a dozen years and filled as they were with' vituperation and abuse, he passed through the ordeal unscathed and without the smell of fire on his garments.
Doctor Felton's career in Congress was one both of honor and achievement.
He was a member of the Georgia delegation which then contained such names as Hill, Brown, Stephens, Colquitt and Gordon, but among them all none en joyed a fairer record in Washington than William Harrell Felton, and no
Georgia representative of that time was received with more unqualified respect
and esteem by the members of other states than this vigorous independent. While he was fiercely antagonized by the regular democratic organization of
Georgia, both speakers Kerr and Randall were so impressed with his states manlike qualities that for two terms they gave him a place on the committee of commerce as a democrat, a .committee which at that time controlled the

2100

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

improvements of rivers and harbors, and for one term he was on the ways and

means committee, always the most important committee of the house. In

these committees he served with such notable men as Abram Hewitt, Fernando

Wood, James A. Garfield, Kelly, and William McKinley. His diligent atten

tion to the interests of his constituents has been frequently eulogized. He

was known as a sane and safe adviser at all times, was always at his post of

duty and true to his people, his section and himself.

After being defeated for Congress Doctor Felton served three successive

terms in the Georgia Legislature, from 1884 to 1890. This marked the close

of his active participation in public affairs. While in the Legislature he took

the lead in three of the greatest movements in Georgia's political history

during the last quarter of the past century. One of these was for securing

proper scope and authority for the railroad'commission. The second was for

the establishment of a reformatory for juvenile offenders. The third, on the

'judgment of competent critics, is regarded as the most valuable revenue

enactment in the annals of the state, and concerned the second lease of the

Western & Atlantic Railway. This lease was finally effected in all its substan

tial provisions the same as written out in the home of Doctor Felton, and for

twenty-nine years Georgia will receive annually $420,000 as' revenue for her

railroad property. Doctor Felton gave to this measure the greater part of

two successive terms, and to him more than to any other member it stands as

a monument. It is said that no individual Georgian in public life ever

fathered a measure which has brought so much actual cash into the state

treasury.

,

Coming to the more intimate characteristics of Doctor Felton, it is possible

to say much and yet still leave much unsaid. He was never a writer of books,

but as a logician and capable public speaker no man in the state has enjoyed

a greater reputation among his own people. His habit of mind was keenly

analytical and when he marshaled his facts and summed up his conclusions

his argument was matchless in strength and force, and also had the great

advantage of being illuminated by an eloquence of oratory which rendered

his public address as charming as it was convincing. As an impromptu de

bater he had no superior among his contemporaries. He had the faculty of

thinking quickly and connectedly and giving rounded and forcible expression

to his thoughts while on his feet. Some of the debates in which he partici

pated in Congress and in the state capital of Georgia are still fresh in the

minds of living men, and all who heard him listened with delight to his ready

satire and scathing denunciation of error and evil.

As a pulpit orator his fame covered all of Northwest Georgia. One of his

political opponents once said that Doctor Felton would have made a superb

lawyer if he had turned that way for a profession. It was the remark of

another that he could have led his church if he had devoted his time and

energy to the ministry. Also he might easily have been one of the state's

most valuable political leaders if he had been willing to obey the rules 'and

methods of political organizations. But there was born in him a germ of

independent thought and purpose which he never allowed to become repressed,

and which caused him to refuse to yield to dictation or ideas of political

expediency. He could have nothing in common with political trading,, and

thus politics brought him no rewards in money and the only offices he ever

held he had to wrest from politicians by his vigorous leadership and a de

termined contest in a time when the public conscience was awake. It is one of

the salient faults of a democracy that such men, capable of so much wise and

disinterested service, cannot be permanently retained in those high positions

where real statesmanship can be made most effective.

Doctor Felton was always jealous of his good name. No public speaker

or newspaper editor ever assailed it who did not regret the effort to defame

a man who was a living exemplification of the ideals expressed in the words

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2101

"sans peur et sans reproche." When such attacks upon his character and

motives were made, they were promptly challenged and defeated.

To 'all the young men who came under his influence Doctor Felton com

mented an independent, fearless life as against submission and subservience

such as might give fame and wealth on the one hand, but at the same time

jeopardize the things to be better loved an honest desire to serve one's

country with loyalty, truth and patriotism, to be useful in one's day and

generation and to give the people an example of integrity, honesty and virtue.

Doctor Felton was twice married, and has two surviving children. His

first wife was Miss Ann Carlton of Athens. In 1853 he married Miss Rebecca

Latimer. For more than half a century they shared life's experiences in

common and except when absent during his public service always lived in the

same locality in Bartow County, where Doctor Felton cultivated more than

sixty crops during all the history-making years, and where those who knew

him best keep him in kindest remembrance. Mrs. Felton is still living at

Cartersville, now eighty years of age, and sometimes spoken of as Georgia's

''Grand Old Woman." She was actively associated with her husband during

all his public career and has many of the qualities of vigorous expression and

courageous independence of opinion which were fundamental in Doctor Fel

ton. A sufficient illustration of this is found in an article recently published

in the Augusta Chronicle, in which Mrs. Felton, taking as her theme "The

Subjection of Women and The Enfranchisement of Women," makes a strong

plea for justice and equality and woman's political rights. While the article

cannot be quoted sufficiently to indicate the trend of the argument there are

portions of two widely separated paragraphs which will serve to illustrate

how trenchantly Mrs. Felton fights in behalf of any reform she'believes to be

in the interests of social justice. "This woman's movement," says she, "is

a great movement of the sexes toward each other, with common ideals as to

government as well as common ideals'in domestic life, where fully developed

manhood must seek and find its real mate in the mother of his children, as

well as in the solace of his home. The time has long since passed when the

hard-drinking, fox-hunting, high-playing country squire was excused because

of his generosity and hospitality. He was not the equal of his sober mate,

whose hand held the distaff, who made good cheer from kitchen to drawing-

room. The call of the age is for partnership in the family, in the church, in

the state and national affairs, between men and women." And again:

"There can be no retreat in this war. While the opposition is often rabid

and in a manner insulting to those who see the end from the beginning and

who have the courage to express their honest and well substantiated convic

tions, we remember it is also so in reform movements. Twenty-odd years ago,

when Georgia was full of bar rooms and liquor distilleries I dared to go,

upon request, to various towns and cities in Georgia and demand protection

from the destruction that walked in darkness and wasted at noonday and

which destroyed thousands of Georgia homes and crucified the hopes of tens

of thousands of mothers and wives in our own state. I was not only fought

by those who were making fortunes out of the liquor traffic, but by politicians

and even churchmen."

!

WILLIAM CONSTANTINE .GRIFFIN, M. D. A worthy representative .of the
medical profession in Georgia is Dr. W. C. Griffin of Cartersville, who, through upwards of forty years of successful professional work there, has dignified his calling by his earnest life and labors and has won a prestige by which he well merits recognition among the prominent men of his state. He comes of old established and prominent southern lineage, and by his own career has increased the association of service and talent which belonged to the family in the various generations.
William Constantine Griffin was born in Lee County, Georgia, April 10,

2102

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

1855, a son of Thomas C. and Nancy (Bivens) Griffin. His father was born near Monroe in Union County, North Carolina, in 1811, and died November 22, 1899. The grandfather, Thomas Griffin, was born in 1779, and his wife Anna in 1778. The Griffin family is of Irish origin. The doctor's mate'rnal grandfather was Nathaniel Bivens, who was 'born in North Carolina Novem ber 18,1787, and his Welsh ancestors on coming to America settled in Virginia. Nathaniel Bivens died Nivember 14, 1845, and his wife Margaret was born October 4, 1793, and died June 3, 1857. Practically all the different genera tions have supplied members of the planting and slave holding class of the different Southern states. Thomas C. Griffin and wife moved to Lee County, Georgia, in 1854, locating on a farm near Smithville. That was their home until 1861, when, the father bought a farm in Floyd County. A portion of this land subsequently was incorporated in North Rome and is now, as a result of various improvements, a highly valuable section. In 1866 Thomas C. Griffin removed from his Floyd County farm to Gordon County, and was actively engaged in its cultivation until his death.. The Gordon County farm is located on the Oostanaula River, and a part of the land is now covered by the Village of Oostanaula on the Southern Railway. Thomas C. Griffin was a man of great vitality, and though he lived to the age of eighty-eight was almost to the end active in looking after his interests. His wife, who was born March 11, 1814, in Union County, North Carolina, and died in 1890 at the age of seventy-six, was also a well preserved woman, reared a large family of twelve children, and devoted most of her life to their training and to the duties of her household. Her parents were .active members of the Baptist Church. Brief mention of the twelve children is as follows: Sarah Ann, born May 10, 1833, died in January, 1916, at Rome, the widow of W. A. Brooks; John J., born July 7, 1835, and died December 25, 1912, was prom inent as a farmer in Gordon County, an active member of the Baptist Church, and one of the leading men in local politics, having represented his county several terms in the Legislature; Thomas James, born April 23, 1837, was wounded while serving as a soldier in the battle of Petersburg on June 23, 1864, and died as a result of his wounds on the following day; Ellen D., born June 14,1842, is now living at Cassville, Georgia, the widow of J. K. Haynes; Henry F., born September 23, 1839, and died in 1848; Eliza A., born Febru ary 3, 1845, is the widow of M. M. Wright of Floyd County; Nathaniel B., born March 10,1847, is a farmer at Lacy, New Mexico; Joseph C., a physician, was born February 12, 1849, and died September 21, 1883; Columbus F., also a physician, was born May 16, 1853, and died February 17, 1895; Rilla J.; born May 11,1857, is the wife of J. G. Kinnebrew of Rome; William C. is the eleventh in order of birth; and Margaret Idela, born July 12, 1859, died at Cassville, June 24, 1894, as the wife of J. B. Crawford.
Dr. W. C. Griffin spent most of his youth on the Floyd County farm, acquiring his education in the public and preparatory schools at Rome. At the age of twenty he took up the study of medicine and pharmacy, reading under the direction of his brother, Dr. C. F. Griffin. He also attended the old Atlanta College of Physicians and Surgeons, and in 1878 was graduated in medicine, surgery and pharmacy from Vanderbilt University at Nashville. In the same year he took up active practice as a physician and also established a drug store at Resaca, where he remained until 1891. Since the latter year his home has been in Cartersville and his business, his influential connections and associations readily place him among the foremost medical men of Bartow County. He is a member of the Bartow County and Georgia State Medical societies and the American Medical Association, is surgeon for the Seaboard and the Southern railways, a member of the Seaboard Surgical Association, and is also local surgeon for the North Carolina & St. Louis Railroad. He is the senior medical examiner for all the insurance companies doing business at Cartersville. Doctor Griffin is a member of the Baptist Church, and fra ternally is identified with the Knights of Pythias order.

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2103

Doctor Griffin was first married at Resaca, Georgia, to Miss Elizabeth Hill, who died in 1894. She was a native of Gordon County, a daughter of J. W. and C. M. Hill. The three children of this union were: Dr. Clark H., a dentist at Cartersville; Myrtle, who lives at home; and Joseph Caldwell, who died at the age of twenty-six, being a druggist by profession. In 1895 Doctor Griffin married Miss Lala Bass, who was born in Charleston, South Carolina.
Doctor Griffin during his residence at Cartersville, has, so far as the heavy demands upon his time for professional service permitted, co-operated with all movements for local development, and is the owner of a considerable amount of improved real estate in that city and vicinity. He has served as chairman of the board of health at Cartersville, and for his recreation he usually spends a few weeks each year hunting and fishing in Florida and also travels extensively. Mrs. Griffin is active in church and club affairs at Cartersville.

MOULTEIE M. SESSIONS. One of the leading authorities on Georgia finance, industry and business is Moultrie M. Sessions, president of the Sessions Loan & Trust Company of Marietta, Georgia. Mr. Sessions is a lawyer of more than thirty years' experience, and for more than a quarter of a century has been engaged in the loan and real estate business. Investors and readers of financial literature all over the country are familiar with his name through his numerous articles on business subjects, with particular reference to Georgia, published from time to time in such journals as the Financial World, the United States Investor and others. Perhaps the two most notable articles written by Mr. Sessions, and with a large distribution in many states, were'those entitled "The Land of Promise and Fulfillment," and "What Georgia Has to Offer to Prudent Investors."
The Sessions Loan & Trust Company has a business record actually extending back to 1887, when Mr. Sessions first began handling in a formal way the business of making loans on Georgia realty. The company was formally organized and incorporated in 1909, with an authorized capital of $300,000. Mr. Sessions was the founder of the business and has been its president from the time of incorporation. This company makes a specialty of confining its loans to first liens on Georgia real estate, and disposing of the securities to investors in many parts of the country. It has been a prominent factor in bringing capital into Georgia, and the company has offered the medium of a clearing house for the hundreds of thousands of dollars which have come from capitalists in various parts of the country to the practical farmers of Georgia, who need extra capital in order to develop and extend their business. Mr. Sessions has pursued a very able and con servative policy in building up his company. While handling the loan busi ness as an individual, for twenty-three years, he had the exceptional record of never having lost a dollar for his clients. His conservatism was illus trated in the fact that when the company started in business it was begun with only $25,000 paid in capital, instead of availing itself of the right to sell and issue the entire $300,000 authorized capital. Carefully and methodi cally, with the experience of many years in the business, and with the judg ment of a sound lawyer, he has laid a solid foundation for a great business, and there is probably no financial organization in the state on a sounder basis than the Sessions Loan & Trust Company. Mr. Sessions in his auto mobile has traveled over almost every county and district of Georgia for the personal inspection of properties on which loans are asked, and it is said that his knowledge of values and men is practically infallible. It has been the policy of the company to handle nothing but gilt-edge loans, and the company employs in every county where it does business one of the most reliable lawyers for the investigation of and to examine prospective loans. Through this company the loans are taken by investors in all parts of the

2104

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

country in sums ranging from, $250 to $50,000. Some of the larger loans are taken by savings banks, insurance companies, and other large industrial corporations.
Moultrie McKinney Sessions was born in Cherokee County, Georgia, August 22,1863, a son of Judge William M. and Melissa (McKinney) Ses sions. His father was for many years one of the most prominent lawyers of Georgia, served as judge of the Superior Courts of the Brunswick Circuit, and gave to his son a prestige of a name always associated with the highest moral character and integrity. The earliest American ancestor was Mr. Sessions' great-grandfather, John Sessions, who fought in the Revolutionary war under Gen. William Moultrie and later under Gen. Francis Marion.
Mr. Sessions received his early education in the common schools at Blackshear and Marietta, and studied law in the firm of Phillips & Sessions, being admitted to the bar in 1882. For the first three years he practiced in the Blue Ridge Circuit of Elmore County, and then became associated with his father Judge Sessions, continuing as a lawyer with his father for a number of years. In the meantime, in 1887, he took up his present busi ness jointly with the private practice of law, and in the course of years his reputation has become best known as a financier. He is still in the practice of law and is local attorney at Marietta for the Southern Railroad. The Sessions Loan & Trust Company recently completed a handsome office build ing, at a cost of about $20,000. It is the first really modern office building in Marietta, and furnishes handsome quarters for the company and also for other offices. The building is a distinct credit to the enterprise of the company and also to the city. Mr. E. R. Hunt is vice president and director and ex-governor. Joseph M. Brown is a director of the Sessions Loan & Trust Company.
Mr. Sessions has high standing among the mortgage loan agents of the United States, and in March, 1914, was one of the organizers of the Farm Mortgage & Bankers' Association, formed in New York City. The object of this association is to standardize forms in the handling of farm loans, and to eliminate the incompetent and unscrupulous individual loan agents. Mr. Sessions was honored by being made one of the twelve members of the first board of governors of the association.
In politics Mr. Sessions is a democrat, and is a member of the Atlanta Athletic Club, and gets his chief recreation in motoring. He is a member of the Presbyterian Church. His first wife was Miss Alice Paige, daughter of Joseph and Sarah (Stebbins) Paige of Toledo, Ohio. At Kalamazoo-, Michigan, June 1, 1898, Mr. Sessions married Miss Jane Isabelle Drake daughter of Benjamin and Soledad Drake of Modesta, California, The chil dren by the first marriage are: Joseph Paige, William Moultrie and Lewe. By the present Mrs. Sessions there are four children: Archibald Drake, Lee M., Gordon M. and Lucile Sessions. The residence of Mr. Sessions is one of the most attractive old colonial homesteads of Marietta. It is located on Kennesaw Avenue, and is the old Archibald Howell home, which was built in 1850 by Mr. Archibald Howell. It is still one of the handsomest private homes in the state, and though much improved and remodeled retains the splendid simplicity of its original lines. It was one of the few places not destroyed when General Sherman brought the Federal troops through this
section of Georgia in 1864.
HON. JAMES MONROE NEEL. For more than forty years James Monroe Neel has been actively identified with the Georgia bar. His home is at Cartersville, and as senior member of the firm of Neel & Neel, controls the largest and most distinctive practice in general and corporation law in Bartow County. His family has been identified with the South for many generations. His father was a gallant soldier in the Confederate army. Mr. Neel therefore

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2105

inherits the traditions and culture of the old South, and through his individual career has increased the prestige of the family name. Mr. Neel had dis charged with ability and scrupulous integrity many duties and trusts in behalf of the public. While a member of the Legislature he added as a joint author to the jurisprudence of his state one of the valuable acts now found on the statute books. His life and career have in every sense been commendable and place him among the leading Georgians of the present generation.
James Monroe Neel was born in what is now Gordon County, Georgia, January 22, 1850. His parents were Joseph L. and Mary Ann (Swain) Neel, his father a native of Alabama and his mother of South Carolina. The Neel family is of Irish descent, and the grandfather, James H. Neel, was born in Jasper County, Georgia, and was a planter and slave owner prior to the Civil war. Joseph L. Neel grew up near what is now Birmingham, Alabama.
He began life as a merchant at Adairsville, and at the outbreak of the war abandoned his business and enlisted in Company H of the Fortieth -Georgia
Infantry. He was captain of his company, served in several of the impor tant Southern campaigns, was made prisoner at Vicksburg, was wounded while with General Johnston at Atlanta, and was again wounded in the battle of Bentonville. The war over, he returned to Adairsville and took up farm ing and merchandising. He was active in behalf of the democratic party in local, state and national politics for many years. Prior to the Civil war he served one term in the Legislature at Milledgeville, Georgia, and repre sented Bartow County in the Legislature at Atlanta in 1873-74. His death occurred in March, 1909, when at the venerable age of eighty-four years.
He was a member of the Masonic fraternity and attended the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. His wife, who died in 1902, was an active Baptist. Of their six children two died in infancy. James M. Neel is the oldest of those who reached maturity. His sister, Miss Nora Neel, is a resident of Cartersville. Joseph N. Neel is a merchant in Macon. 'William J. Neel, who died at Cartersville in 1908, was for seven years associated with his brother in the practice of law, at one time represented Floyd County and later Bartow County in the State Legislature, and was a graduate of George town University Law School at Washington, D. C.
James Monroe Neel grew up in Bartow County, was a boy at the time of the war, in consequence of which his education was much interrupted, and subsequently attended Kentucky University at Jjexington, Kentucky. For about two years he was a teacher, and pursued his law studies'in the office of his uncle, David W. Neel, who was at that time serving as ordinary of Gordon County. Mr. Neel was admitted to practice February 1. 1874, and his first location was at Calhoun as junior partner to Col. W. R. Rankin. In 1875 he came to Bartow County and opened an office in Adairsville. He soon removed to Cartersville, Georgia, and there became the associate of Gen. William T. Wofford, with whom he remained two years until the retirement of the general. His next partner was Judge Robert L. Trippe, who two years later moved to Atlanta. In 1881 Mr. Neel became head of the firm of Neel, Conner & Neel. This relationship was dissolved when his brother, William J. Neel, received a government appointment from Presi dent Cleveland. Mr. Neel continued in practice alone for several years, and then became senior member of Neel & Peeples, his junior partner being Oscar Peeples. Since 1907 Mr. Neel has had as his associate his son, J. M. Neel, Jr., under the firm name of Neel & Neel.
This is the leading firm of lawyers in Bartow County. M-r. Neel individ ually or as a firm is local attorney for the Seaboard Air Line, the Louisville & Nashville and the N. C. and St. L. 'Railways, and they are also attorneys for the First National Bank of Cartersville, the Georgia Peruvian Ochre Company, the Etawah Mining & Developing Company, the J. M. Veach Milling Company of Adairsville, and the American Textile Company.

2106

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

In 1885 Mr. Neel was appointed by Governor McDaniel as judge of the city court of Cartersville, Bartow County, and held that office until the close of 1889. In 1892 he was sent to the Legislature, served during the sessions of 1892-93, and it was at that time that he became author of what is known as the Neel Pleading Act, found in the Georgia statutes for 1892-93. This act is regarded by lawyers as one of the most important improvement
of recent years in court and legal procedure. Mr. Neel is a busy man, a strenuous worker throughout most of the year,
and during the summer season he usually takes his vacation in the mountains of North Carolina. The chief center of his interests, however, is in his library, and he is said to own one of the finest law and private libraries in Bartow County. Mr. Neel is a member of the Baptist Church, is a deacon, and since 1912 has been chairman of the board.
In 1875 at Adairsville he married Miss Anna M. Anderson, who was born in Bartow County, a daughter of 0. D. Anderson, who was one of the leading merchants of Adairsville. Mrs. Neel died in. 1881, leaving three children: Miss Ella Neel of Cartersville, a graduate of the Shorter College of Rome; Joseph F., who is engaged in truck farming at Oakland, Florida; and Oliver A., cashier of cotton mills in Charlotte, North Carolina. In January, 1883, at Cartersville Mr. Neel married a sister of his first wife, Julia M. Anderson, who died in May, 1909. To this union were born six children: Laura, who was a student in Shorter College and is now the wife of Gratton Hammond of Winter Garden, Florida; Juliette, wife of Marvin R. McClatchey of Atlanta; J. M., Jr., who graduated from Cumberland University in the law class of 1907 and is now associated with his father; Robert W., a graduate of the Georgia School of Technology and now located at Oswego, New York; Isa, attended Shorter College; Frederick, who is in
the local high school. .

JOSEPH MORRIS MOON. When the bar and citizenship of Bartow County are under consideration the distinctions of honest and capable service are readily awarded to Judge Moon, who has undoubtedly proved himself one of v the most useful and popular men in Cartersville and vicinity.
Joseph Morris Moon was born June 24, 1852, in Allatoona, Bartow County, Georgia. His parents, Pleasant Lafayette and Sarah (Morris) Moon, were both of Scotch-Irish descent, and both natives of the State of South Carolina. They had a common school education, but grew up in a time when the opportunities of culture were limited. Both spent their early years on a farm in Cobb County, Georgia, and were married November 15, 1849. The father died June 21, 1902; and the.mother December 21, 1906.
Judge Moon attended the common schools in Cartersville and has lived in that city since infancy. At the age of seventeen he entered Emory and Henry College in Virginia, attending the fall sessions of two successive years, or ten months altogether. At the age of twenty-one, he spent three months in the law school of the University of Georgia, and is a graduate
of that institution. Just forty years ago, in 1875, Judge Moon took up the active practice of
law at Cartersville and the favors which were early shown him in his practice have been continued in increasing degree to the present time. Judge Moon has accumulated a large law and literary library, owns a comfortable cottage home, but like many men who have done the best work in the profession has gathered no large fortune. He has practiced in the supreme, appellate and the United States courts, has handled much litigation of importance, but without startling incident. Along with honesty and sound learning every lawyer must possess a certain amount of fearlessness in order to be successful, and yet Judge Moon has had only two difficulties in all his career as a lawyer in upholding his side of the contention. These two difficulties

WILLIAM M. GAMMON

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2107

were with two stalwart men, who in both cases were the aggressors and assail ants, though Judge Moon deterred both of them from doing him vio lence, although physically they were twice his weight. In both instances he stood his ground, threatened his adversaries with serious consequences, and put one of his hands into his hip pocket, on one occasion producing no other weapon than a plug of tobacco and on the next time bringing out a soiled handkerchief after his assailants had departed, those being the only weapons
in his armory. Judge Moon was too young for service in the war between the states, and
has always been a man of peace and a lover of peace, and has as little sympathy with armed aggression between nations as between individuals. He was not a volunteer during the Spanish-American war, .feeling that his country was abundantly supplied with soldiers, and probably as a matter of principle would not have volunteered for that or any other war beyond the shores of our own nation. At the age of thirty he was honored with the office of mayor of Cartersville for one term, and in 1908-09 was again the chief executive. For several years he was a member of the city school board, and at the pres ent juncture occupies a position of judge of the city court, having jurisdiction throughout the county in civil matters to unlimited amount and over mis demeanors. For ten years he has served as county administrator.
Judge Moon in politics is a democrat, but has participated in party affairs no further than he deems to be the duty of an, ordinary citizen. He has joined no secret orders and has confined his membership to social and literary clubs. He considers himself a private in the ranks of militant Christianity with membership in the Methodist Episcopal Church at Cartersville.
At Cartersville, January 29, 1891, Judge Moon married Emma Lola Puckett, daughter of Capt. William M. and Mary (Wirm) Puckett. Her parents were of Scotch descent, and her father a merchant. To their union have been born two children, still unmarried, named Lanelle and Ina Collins
Moon.
WILLIAM MELVILLE GAMMON. The first .commissioner o Rome, elected to that office as the first incumbent under the commission form of govern ment, AVilliam Melville Gammon, until the time of his death, which occurred March 9, 1916, held the distinction of being the oldest merchant of the city, having been uninterruptedly,in business here since 1867. "The Grand Old Man" of Rome prior to this time had followed a brilliant military career, having won promotion in the Confederate army for bravery in action, and his entire life was characterized by a courageous performance of duty under all circumstances and conditions. Mr. Gammon was born at Jonesboro, Washington County, Tennessee, January 22, 1842, and was a son of William Gamble and Adelaide (Aiken) Gammon, natives of that state. He came from an old and honored Tennessee family which was founded in the Big Bend State in 1762 by the great-grandfather of Mr. Gammon, Richard Gammon, a native of England who emigrated to the new world and located at Blountville, Sulli van County, Tennessee, where he followed merchandising until his death. He continued hale and hearty as long as he lived, reaching the advanced age of ninety-seven years, and the year preceding his demise he had been married for the second time.
The grandfather of William M. Gammon was born at Blountville, Ten nessee, and was brought up in his father's business, to which and the rest of ' the estate he succeeded. During the War of the Revolution he fought with the patriot troops, and at the battle of King's Mountain was captain of an infantry company. He died of typhoid fever at the age of fifty years. Mr. Gammon married Susan Walton, who was born near Baltimore, Maryland, and who lived to the age of 102 years.
William Gamble Gammon was born in 1812, in Tennessee, and as a young

2108

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

man entered upon a career in banking and merchandise at Jonesboro. When' the Civil war broke out his sympathies were with the cause of the South, and he became a department quartermaster in the Confederate army and served as such until peace was declared. In 1865 he came to Rome, Georgia, where he continued as one of the city's leading men until his death, in 1895, when eighty-three years of age. He served as chairman of the county board under the supervision of which were built the first bridges and laid the first macadam roads in Floyd County. He originated the chain gang, which so greatly assisted in building roads and making other public improvements. Mr. Gamman was financial agent for the East Tennessee Railroad that ran from Knoxville to Bristol, and in each of his various connections was known as a man of the highest ability and one, upon whom dependence could be placed. The mother died in 1875, at the age of fifty-one years. Of the ten children in the family, none now survive.
William Melville Gammon was a sophomore at Emery & Henry College, Washington County, Virginia, when the Civil war commenced, and he enlisted for service in Company L, First Virginia Cavalry. Fifteen* months later he was promoted for bravery to lieutenant of the Sixtieth Tennessee Infantry. During his service in the cavalry regiment he participated in the first battle of Bull Run and the engagement at Seven Pines, and was wounded in a skirmish just prior to the engagement at Mechanicsville, being shot through the arm. This, however, confined him to the hospital only ten days. While in the infantry service he participated in the battles of Chickasaw Bayou
and Champion Hills, and was captured by the Federals at the battle of Big Black and confined as a prisoner on Johnson Island for twenty-one months, his exchange being effected in February, 1865. He then crossed the river of ice and joined Johnson's army in South Carolina, continuing to serve there with until the cessation of hostilities.
Mr. Gammon remained in Virginia until 1867, and there he and one of his brothers, John A. Gammon engaged in mercantile pursuits which turned out very successfully, although they disposed of their interests to invest $10,000 in a drove of mules, which they took overland to Rome, Georgia. They also made a great deal of money in buying Confederate.state bank money at a nominal price, upon which they realized full value later, the state banks of Savannah and Charleston, South Carolina, and the Union Plantation Bank of Tennessee redeeming their money issues at par. This was the money which was invested in the mules, which, in turn, brought the means which formed the foundation for Mr. Gammon's mercantile life at Rome.
After a perilous overland trip, replete with adventures among the bush
whackers', Mr. Gammon safely reached Rome, and here, in 1867, began a dry goods store, which, in later years, was succeeded by a gentleman's ready-towear and haberdashery business. Since that time he has continued to be engaged successfully in business, and at the same time has taken an active part in the upbuilding .and development of the city.
During the Reconstruction period, from 1867 until 1872, Mr. Gammon devoted a large part of his means to the cause of the democratic party, although he never sought personal reward for this service. While he was an active politician, he was not an office-seeker, and it was difficult for his fellow-citizens to induce him to accept preferment. He served as a member of the county board for eight years, and also was a member of the city council, and when the commission form of government was adopted he was chosen by his party for the office of first commissioner. In'placing his name before the public, together with those of his running-mates, a newspaper notice spoke as follows: '' The following ticket is announced as candidates for first and second com
missioners of Rome, in the coming election, or subject to the usual democratic primary, if called. If elected, these men will have no combination of interested fixers behind the scenes to control their action, nor any special bunch of men

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2109

to secretly reward for putting them on the job. They will have no pets, but the taxpayers, and will be free to reward them for their confidence; nor will they attempt to disturb any harmless habits of the people." In February,
1915, Mr. Gammon was elected to office by a majority of 316 votes, and assumed the duties of office April 1st of that year. In commenting upon the election the Rome Tribune-Herald said, in part: "Mr. Gammon, the chief
commissioner, is known as a trusted public official. He served two terms as the chairman of the board of county commissioners, and is known throughout
the state as an advocate of good roads. He is the senior partner of the firm of W. M. Gammon & Son, and a successful business man. He is a Con
federate veteran, a Roman of many years' residence, and a man of, high eharacter and unswerving will." The same newspaper said, in an editorial:
"It was a great day for Rome when the people selected Hon. W. M. Gammon,
as the head of the new commission form of government. It is fortunate indeed
that they will be able to command the services of so able, patriotic and honest a man to serve their interests. It was a hard fought campaign, the issues were tightly drawn,' the forces clo'sely matched. Yet the expression of the
.people was free and untrammelled. It was the greater compliment to Mr. Gammon that victory perched upon his banner after such a struggle. Now that the contest has been decided, the people of Rome with one accord should join hands and give the new chief magistrate clothed with such extraor dinary powers all the assistance in their power. Mr. Gammon has lived in Rome for fifty years during this period he has won, the respect; admiration and confidence of a great majority of the people. He deserves all that he has received a man of positive views, yet not unreasonable, he is well suited
to solve the many difficult problems that will come before his administration. Experienced in government, well versed in political economy, coupled with a
fine intelligence and undoubted strength of character, the people of Rome can look forward to an administration of their affairs that will bring pros
perity, growth and progress. It was a fine compliment to the one who may well be termed 'Rome's first citizen;' that he was selected for so important a
position as that of first commissioner. That he will never betray the trust, all who are acquainted with Mr. Gammon's character and disposition can vouch for. The Tribune-Herald feels that it can congratulate the people on so excellent a selection. Now let us all forget campaign asperities and ani mosities and join hands together for the general good."
Mr. -Gammon was married in 1872, at Rome, to Miss Eliza Wardlaw Bowie, daughter of Langdon Bowie, a native of Charleston, South Carolina. She died at Rome, August 28, 1909, having been the mother of twelve children,
of whom six survive, namely: Adelaide Aiken, who is the wife of H. D. Cothran, of New Orleans; Langdon Bowie and William Melville, Jr., who were, until the time of his death, associated with their father in business at Rome, under the firm style of "W. M. Gammon & Sons; and Misses Rosa
Kingsbery, Eliza Wardlaw and Isabelle Martin, all of this city. As the members of his family now are, Mr. Gammon was identified with
the Presbyterian Church. All are well known in social circles, and their
hospitable home has been the scene of numerous brilliant social functions.

''

,*

MARTIN JENKINS CRAWFORD was born in Jasper County, Georgia, March

17, 1820. He was the son of Maj. Hardy Crawford, a planter and prominent

gentleman of Middle Georgia of that day. His schoolboy days were spent at

Brownwood Institute near La Grange, Georgia, his parents having removed

to Harris County, Georgia, when he was a boy. He afterwards was at Mercer

University. He read law and was admitted to the bar when quite a young-

man, and being under age was authorized to practice his profession by a

special act of the General Assembly of Georgia. He located at Hamilton,

Harris County, Georgia, and at once took a prominent position at the bar.

He' represented that county in the State Legislature. He moved to Columbus,

2110

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

Muscogee County, Georgia, in 1849, and remained a citizen of Columbus till his death. In 1854, at the age of thirty-five, he was appointed from a bar of unusually high character by Governor H. V. Johnson to the office of judge of the Superior Courts of the Chattahoochee Circuit, which position he held a year of more. In 1853 he formed a partnership with Hon. Porter Ingram
and with only such interruptions as were caused by his public duties, con tinued to practice with him for about twenty-five years.
In 1855 he was nominated by the democratic party as a candidate for Congress against the know nothing or American party and was elected by a good majority. He was returned for two successive terms, and was still a member when Georgia seceded from the Union. On the happening of this event, he was elected by the Legislature as one of the delegates from Georgia . to the Provisional Congress of the Confederate States at Montgomery, Ala bama, and was afterwards appointed by President Davis, together with John Forsyth, of Alabama, and Governor Romaine, of Louisiana, on the Peace Commission to the United States Government. It is, a matter of history that this mission failed but not from want1 of proper effort on the part of these able and distinguished men who constituted the commission. Feeling it his
duty to serve his country in war as well as in peace, Judge Crawford, in 1862, raised the Third Georgia Regiment of Cavalry Volunteers, and was elected its colonel. He remained with them during the years 1862 and 1863.
At the close of the war Judge Crawford entered again upon the practice of the law with his former partner and continued this until 1875, when he was again appointed judge of the Chattahoochee Circuit, filling that posi tion for five years.
In 1880, while still on the Superior Court bench, he was appointed by Governor Colquitt one of the associate justices of the Supreme Court of Georgia and was subsequently elected to that office, which position he was holding at the time of his death, July 22,1883.

NATHANIEL MACON CRAWFORD, A. M., D. D., Baptist minister, scholar and educator, was born at the old Crawford homestead, known for many years as Woodlawn, near Lexington, Georgia, March 22, 1811. He was the son of the distinguished William H. Crawford. Nathaniel Macon Crawford, so named in honor of Hon. Nathaniel Macon of North Carolina, spent most of his time, until his fourteenth year in Washington City, where his father was called by his public duties. At the age of fifteen he entered the sophomore class of Franklin College, now the University of Georgia, from which he was graduated three years thereafter with first honors.
On leaving college, Mr. Crawford studied law in his father's office, and although admitted to practice, he never followed the legal profession. His first official duties were as clerk in the executive department at Milledgeville during Governor Gilmer's administration. While in this office, during the year 1837, he was elected Professor of Mathematics in Oglethorpe University, at Midway, Georgia, which position he held four or five years. In 1844 he was ordained as a Baptist minister; was pastor of the Baptist Church in Washington, Georgia, in 1845, and in 1846 was called to the First Baptist Church of Charleston, South Carolina. From 1847 to 1854 he filled the .Chair of Biblical Literature in Mercer University. In 1854 he was elected president of that institution. Two years later, leaving Mercer, he accepted the Chair of Mental and Moral Philosophy in the University of Mississippi. In 1858 he returned to the presidency of Mercer University, and continued at its head during the Civil war, when it was maintained practically as a high school. At the close of the war in 1865 he accepted the presidency of Georgetown College, Kentucky. This position he held for six years when, on account of failing health, he resigned and retired to his farm near Tunnell Hill, Georgia,
where he died in 1871.

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2111

JAMES ERWIN PATTON. The desirable rewards that are attainable in for tune, character and influence through a life of industry and probity, find a worthy illustration in the life of James Erwin Pattern,- of La Fayette. With no extraordinary endowment of faculty, unaided by inheritance or friendly support, he was early forced to enter into the life and activities which a rising community offered in a humble capacity, and to follow up the opportunities which opened before him with steadiness and industry. Thus he gained, step by step, the rare fruits of well-directed enterprise, and today finds himself at the head of important industries, connected with the leading financial institution of his part of the state, and a trusted repository of important interests. His remarkable career has in every way been an .honorable one, and should prove of particular interest to those who are admirers of self-
made manhood. Mr. Patton was born near Brevard, Buncombe (now Transylvania) County,
North Carolina, July 5, 1855, and is a son of James and Louisa (Lowry) Patton, natives of the Old North State. His grandfather, Erwin Patton, was born in Pennsylvania, where he married a Miss Orr and settled on the western forks of the French Broad and Davidson rivers, in North Carolina, there continuing to be a prominent planter and slave owner of his community until his death. He was the father of seven sons and seven daughters, James Patton being the ninth in order of birth.
James Patton was born in 1808, in Buncombe County, North Carolina, and was there reared, educated and married. He moved to Walker County, Georgia, in 1857, and there invested his large means in lands and slaves and started upon a promising career as a planter. Like many others, however, the fortunes of war decreed that he should be on the losing side, and after the struggle between the South and North had started his fortune was rap idly decimated. From a man of means, owning two fine and valuable plan tations, he suddenly found himself bereft of the accumulations of his life, and he died a practically poor man in 1864, at the age of fifty-six years. During the time he had resided in Walker County, Mr. Patton had contributed generously to its development and upbuilding, and was particularly active in the work of the Presbyterian Church, of which he was a lifelong member. Mrs. Patton was a member of one of the first families of North Carolina. The Lowry family produced many notable men and families, closely connected with them being the Silers and Robinsons. Col. James Lowry, a noted char acter of his time in North Carolina, represented' Buncombe County in the State Legislature for some years. James and Louisa (Lowry) Patton were the parents of four children: Ella Swayne, born in Buncombe County, North Carolina, who died in Walker County, Georgia; James Erwin, of this notice; Mary Elizabeth, born in Walker County, who is still a resident here; and Jessie A., born in Walker County, who is now the wife of John E. Shuford, and resides at La Fayette.
James Erwin Patton was a child of two years when brought by his parents to Walker County, Georgia, and was only nine years of age'when his father died and' the famity found that they would have to give up the luxurious comforts that they had up to this time known. The war had not yet closed, conditions were unsettled and the outlook was very dark for the little family, and young James was forced to leave school and place his lad's shoulder to the wheel to aid in the support of his mother and sisters. From that time, aided by his mother, he practically secured his own education. For a number of years he worked on the homestead place, but on attaining young manhood he secured a teacher's license and for two years engaged in teaching in the country districts. He did not intend, however, to follow a professional career, and when he had saved enough money and felt the opportunity was right, formed a partnership with Joseph A. Miller, and embarked upon a mercantile venture that was to prove the nucleus for his fortune of today. The first
Vol. IV 18

2112

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

store of the company was a small frame structure and the stock was of a modest character, but the young partners were energetic and enterprising and the trade which was attracted warranted the -removal to larger quarters. Several years later the Miller interest was purchased by Judge James D. Hill, who was succeeded by S. M. Warthen, and still later A. S. Sparks was admitted to the firm, Avhich then adopted the style of Patton, Warthen & Sparks. The business was at all times successful, the stock was constantly increased, and the store room was enlarged from time to time, until finally
the growing firm bought a modern brick business block, on the leading busi ness comer of the Square, at La Fayette, and there had, aside from ware houses, 5,600 square feet of floor space, doing the largest and best mercantile business at La Fayette.
After a number of years in this business, during which time he gave his best energies to its development, Mr. Patton disposed of his interest to embark upon his career as a banker. In 1899, in company with J. P. Shattuck, he organized the Bank of La Fayette, an institution with a capital of $20,000, which has since been increased to $60,000, with a surplus of $40,000, and undivided profits of $14,000. Since that time Mr. Patton has served in the capacity of cashier of this institution, which is known as a safe and conserv ative monetary concern and the leading bank of Walker County, Georgia. Mr. Patton's well known integrity and probity have done much to inspire confidence in depositors, and his business energy and ability have been con stantly given to the concern's best interests. Mr. Patton was also one of the organizers of the Union Cotton Mills of La Fayette, of which he is a director. This firm, which manufactures cotton cloth, was organized in 1891, with a capital of $100,000, which has been enlarged to $200,000, the men behind this factory having $500,000 invested in modern factories, machinery and up-to-date equipment. , Here are employed 350 people, with a monthly pay roll of $4,500. In 1903 Mr. Patton was one of the organizers of the La Fayette Cotton Mills, which occupy modern, sanitary brick structures. This concern commenced operations with 1,500 spindles and 150 looms, and now operates 2,000 spindles and 200 looms, giving employment to 150 people in the manufacture of converting cloth, with a pay roll of more than $2,500 monthly. Mr; Patton has been the president and active head of this concern since its organization, and in its management has displayed the possession of business powers far beyond the ordinary. He is also a director of the Walker County Hosiery Company, 'of La Fayette, which was organized in 1904, and which now gives employment to 300 people, with a monthly pay roll of $4,400. He is extensively interested in real estate affairs and has done his share in the building up of La Fayette. While he is a stalwart democrat and interested as a citizen in all that affects his community, he has never found the time to enter politics as a seeker for personal preferment. As one of the enthusiastic members of the Chamber of Commerce and a booster of his adopted city, he is willing at all times to give all possible information regarding commercial or industrial industries or agricultural resources. He belongs to the Maple City Club and the Odd Fellows, and is a Shriner in Masonry. With his family, he belongs to the Presbyterian Church, in which he is an elder.
Mr. Patton was married the first time at Cartersville, Georgia, to Miss Fannie Jackson, of Bartow County, Georgia, daughter of Z. W. and Elizabeth (Hill) Jackson, Mr. Jackson being a pioneer farmer and veteran of the Civil war. Mrs. Patton died, leaving one daughter: Mary Lou, who is the wife of N. C. Napier, editor of the Walker County Messenger, of La Fayette, and has two children, James Patton and Francis Jackson. Mr. Patton was married the second time to Miss Eliza Vennable, a native of Bartow County, Georgia, and daughter of Samuel Vennable, farming people of Bartow County, . Mr. Vennable being a Confederate veteran. Mrs. Patton died in the faith of the Presbyterian Church, which she had joined after her marriage, although

GEOEGIA AND GEORGIANS

2113

she had formerly been a Methodist. They had one child: Thomas Vennable, now a resident of Atlanta, Georgia. Mr. Patton's third marriage was to Miss Margaret Moore, who was, like her husband, born in Buncombe County, North Carolina, a daughter of Hamilton and Mary (Gudger) Moore. To this union there have been born two children: James Moore and Margaret. Mrs. Patton, an accomplished lady and a charming hostess, has devoted much of her time to various charities. She is active in the work of the Presbyterian Church, and particularly of the Ladies' Missionary Society, and is a popular member of the Daughters vof the American Revolution and the Daughters of
the Confederacy.

OSCAE JOSEPH ESPY. It has been as an editor and newspaper man that
Mr. Espy has made his career of chief interest in Northern Georgia, and he is now editor and proprietor of the Summerville News, the official paper of Chattooga County, and in many ways one of the superior papers in general form and appearance among all the small town weeklies of this section of
the state. Oscar Joseph Espy was born in Floyd County, Georgia, February 14,1877,
a son of Rev. David T. and Dorothy Elizabeth (Duke) Espy. His mother was born in Floyd County, while her parents were natives of North Carolina. Thomas Espy, the paternal grandfather, was a farmer. His son, David T. Espy, was born in Floyd County, Georgia, in 1849, and in early life entered the ministry of the Baptist Church. "While his church engagements were not sufficient to afford a livelihood for his family, he was also a farmer and was an operator of saw and planing mills. He gave all the energies that he could
spare to the church. From Floyd County he removed to Chattooga County, and died there in 1896. His widow is still living in the old home place. Of their ten children two are deceased. George D., the oldest, is a prominent hardware merchant at Summerville, is active in democratic politics as chair
man of the executive committee, and has served on the city council; Mattie, who died in Texas, was the wife of D. T. Murdock; the third is Oscar J.; Effie is the wife of E. A. Robinson of Fries, Virginia; Dayton S., who died in 1912, was a leading merchant at Summerville and very active in the Baptist Church; Mary is the wife of S. M. "Wade, a mill owner at Summerville; Reverend Thomas is a Baptist minister and serves four different churches in Chattooga County; Battie is the wife of J. Gordon Alien, a Summerville merchant; Boyce P. is a printer, employed by the Summerville News; Ruth
Espy is a student.
Oscar J. Espy for his education attended the public schools of Chattooga
County, and at the age of twenty-one became an apprentice in the newspaper office at Trion conducted by J. J. Burns, After two years there he came to Summerville and found employment with the firm of Hunt & McWhorter, editors and owners of the Summerville News. Two years later he bought the interests of Mr. McWhorter. The News is one of the oldest papers in point of continuous existence in Northern Georgia, having been established twenty-
eight years. Its first owner was Joseph Raine, and Brown Colernan, the latter's interest going to John Cain, who was succeeded by J. G. Hunt and J. W. McWhorter. In 1903 Mr. Espy bought the McWhorter interests and in 1907 Mr. Hunt sold his share to George D. Espy. In 1911 Mr. Espy bought his brother's stock, and then sold a quarter interest in the enterprise
to N. K. Bitting. Mr. Espy thus has three-fourth ownership in this excellent paper. Since he took control of the business the News has more than dou bled its subscription list, and has a circulation throughout Chattooga County
and over North Georgia of 1,800 copies. The plant is a modern one, and the equipment includes a linotype machine and modern presses. Besides the newspaper a large job printing business is done.
Mr. Espy is a member of the Masonic fraternity, and active iij the Baptist

2114

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

Church. On July 28,1898, at his mother's home in Chattooga County he mar ried Miss Iowa Y. Parham, a daughter of Adolphus M. Parham, a well known farmer at Trion, Georgia. To their marriage have been born ten children, Roy B., the oldest, having been born at Trion, April 13, 1900, while the others are: David Thomas;. Annie Myrtle, who died at the age of two years; Joseph; Catherine Elizabeth; Mary Pauline; Willis Bryant; D. M.; Carrie B., and George D. The family are all members of the Baptist Church.

WILLIAM MARSHALL MAYO. To the office of chief of police in the City of Atlanta, William M. Mayo, who was elevated to th'e responsibility in August, 1915, brought the experience acquired by many years of service in the police department, a courage and efficiency which have never been chal lenged, and lofty ideals of public service and duty.
His is one of the older families of Georgia. Chief Mayo was born in Jasper County, on the banks of the Ocmulgee River June 29, 1870. His paternal grandparents were Rev. John Mason and Martha Mayo, the former one of the early settlers of Butts County, Georgia, whither he came from Spartansburg County, South Carolina. In Butts County he combined the vocations of farmer and local preacher. The father of Chief Mayo is John Mason Thomas Mayo, who is still living at Stark, Butts County. He was born just below Macedonia Baptist Church in Butts County June 10, 1844, and is now in his seventy-second year. He is a veteran of the war between the states, having served with the Thirtieth Georgia Regiment during that struggle. Fefore the close of the war he had a lieutenant's.commission. At the battle of Franklin, Tennessee, he was severely wounded by a Federal sharpshooter, was captured, and spent several months in the Federal prison at Camp Chase, Ohio. Since the close of the war he has followed in turn the pursuits of farmer, miller and merchant. His first wife, and the mother of Chief Mayo, was Mary Jane Dodson, who was born in Cherokee County, Georgia, a daughter of Charles and Mary Dodson. She died April 25, 1909, in her seventy-first year, and since her death the father has married Mrs. Jessie Kilgore.
For the first twenty-five years of his life William Marshall Mayo lived in Butts County, gained his education in the country schools of Flovilla, and* had a varied experience and training on his father's farm and in his father's mill and store. On March 3, 1895, he* arrived at Atlanta, and has now been identified with that city for more than twenty years. His first employ ment here was with the Atlanta Terra Cotta Works, but in September, 1895, he became a special policeman at the Cotton States International Exposition then being held in Atlanta. That was his first experience as a police officer, but after three months, when the fair closed, he resumed his place with the Terra Cotta concern and remained until April 1, 1897. He was then made a patrolman on the Atlanta police force, and his record of faithful perform ance of duty led to his promotion on January 10, 1905, as station sergeant. In April, 1905, he was promoted to captain, and held that rank until April 1, 1907, when the fortunes of a municipal election caused his reassignment as station sergeant. On November 14, 1910, he was again made captain, and held that rank until elected police chief of Atlanta August 2, 1915.
Chief Mayo is justly proud of his fine family of children. July 28, 1888, he married Miss Annie Laura White. She was born and reared in Butts County, and was an acquaintance and school mate of Mr. Mayo while they were children. To their marriage have been born nine children, eight of whom are still at home, five sons and four daughters, named as follows 3 Henry Lanman, John Mason Taylor, Susie Leontine, William Marshall, Jr., Julia Elaine, Annie Laura, Allman Dodson, Alvin Wren and Mary Jane. Susie Leontine is now the wife of William 0. Rutledge of Atlanta.
Chief Mayo is popular as a citizen in Atlanta and is well known in

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2115

fraternal circles. He is affiliated with Lebanon Lodge No. 655, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, at Atlanta, and is a member of Uniform Lodge No. 123, Knights of Pythias, and of the Improved Order of Red Men and Knights of Khorassan. He and his wife are members of the Baptist Church.
JAMES PUTNAM SHATTUCK. The record of successful business and pro fessional men needs no introductory preface among the citizens of their native county, and James Putnam Shattuck, to a sketch of whose career this article will be devoted, is undoubtedly a member of the class thus referred to. Through his strict personal integrity and honorable dealings, combined with brilliant business qualifications and eminent professional talents, he has become not only one of the leading manufacturers and bankers, but also one of the most prominent lawyers and highly esteemed citizens of Walker County.
James Putnam Shattuck was born in Walker County, Georgia, June 27, 1863, and" is a son ofrRev. William L. and Martha (McWilliams) Shattuck, and a grandson of Artemus Shattuck. The grandfather, a native of Connecti cut, left home at the age of twenty-one years and settled on a new farm in the State of New York, where he began to clear off the timber. It was while thus engaged that this sturdy old pioneer suffered the anjury that changed the whole course of his life, for while cutting his timber his foot was caught in the fork of a falling tree in s,uch a way that it could not be extricated. He was alone in the woods, with no help near, and the weather was bitterly cold. Realizing that to remain as he was was to freeze to death, he tried in every way to free himself, and finally, in desperation, managed to hack off his foot at the ankle, with his pocket knife. Binding the wound in his red bandana handkerchief, he managed after a long struggle to crawl across the snow, over a mile, to his cabin home in the woods. After his recovery, he found himself incapacitated for farm work, but did not allow himself to become discouraged, and finally found employment in traveling from town to town by wagon and selling tobacco to merchants. Several years later he removed to Mississippi, where a brother, the president of a college, was residing, and while living there his first wife, whom he had married in New York, died of fever. Subsequently he removed to the mountains of North Carolina, where he recovered his own health, and after three years spent there came with his two children to Walker County, Georgia, settling here in 1846 or 1847. Here he continued to be engaged in planting during the remaining years of his life, operating his property with slave labor. He died in 1878, at the age of eighty-four years. Mr. Shattuck was an ordained minister of the Baptist Church, and preached that faith both in North Carolina and Georgia. Mr. Shattuck was married in North Carolina to Mary Cadwell, who died in Mississippi in the early '40s, the mother of two sons: Alvin, who left Georgia for Texas in 1850, participated in the Civil war, and died in Cherokee County, Texas, in 1912; and William L., the father of James P. Shattuck. Artemus Shattuck married later Miss Mary Lyles, a native of Walker County, Georgia, who died several years after their marriage, without children.
Rev. William L. Shattuck was born in 1839, in North Carolina, was taken by his father as a child to Mississippi, and then back to North Carolina, and was still small when brought to Walker County, Georgia, He received his education in the country schools of this locality, and grew up on his father's plantation, and was married in 1849 to Martha McWilliams, the daughter of William McWilliams and his wife, who had been a Miss Wall. At the begin ning of the Civil war, Reverend Shattuck enlisted in Company I, Ninth Georgia Infantry, and served four years, participating in a number of hardfought engagements, including Bull Run, Seven Pines, Richmond and Chickamauga, and while he received no serious wounds, was at various times burned by powder and had two bullets pass through his clothing. Like his father, he was an ordained minister of the Baptist Church, and after the war preached

2116

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

for seventeen years at Trion, Chattooga County, and at various charges in Walker County, Georgia. Throughout his life he was engaged to some extent in agricultural pursuits, and through industry and perseverance accumulated a moderate competence. Reverend Shattuck died March 16, 1915, while vis iting a daughter, Mrs. G. W. Ransom, who lived about five miles out of La Fayette, Georgia. His death removed from the community one who was sincerely and devotedly loved by the people among whom he had lived and labored and who had come to know his many sterling qualities of mind and heart. Mrs. Shattuck, also well known and greatly beloved, survives him and lives at the old home in advanced years, having been born October 14,1838. They were the parents of seven children, namely: Annie, who died in 1890, as the wife of T. E. Shaw, of Walker County; James Putnam, of this notice; Sarah, who is the wife of G. W. Ransom, a farmer residing five miles from La Fayette, in Walker County; John A., who was engaged in farming in Walker County up to the time of his death in 1896; George C., who died in 1898 at the age of twenty years; and William Judson and Francis J., mer chants of La Fayette.
James Putnam Shattuck received his early education in the public schools of Walker County and Suinmerville, and following some preparation entered the University of Georgia, where he received his degree of Bachelor of Arts in 1886 and his law degree in 1889. His father had paid for his university education, with the understanding that the money was to be returned to him, and thus the young lawyer entered upon his career in debt. He soon, how ever, attracted to himself a good professional business, and was able to clear off his indebtedness. When he began practice at La Fayette, he associated himself with H. P. Lumpkin, under the firm style of Lumpkin & Shattuck, this partnership continuing for a period of twelve years. Mr. Shattuck then practiced alone until July, 1914, when he became senior member of the firm of Shattuck & Shattuck, his associate being Norman Shattuck, who is distantly related to him. While Mr. Shattuck carries on a general practice, he has specialized and probably won his greatest success in the field of corporation law, a department in which he is generally recognized as one of the foremost practitioners in Northwest Georgia. He has participated in much important litigation, and has been retained at various times as special or general counsel by such important institutions as the Central of Georgia, Railway and-the Tennessee, Alabama & Georgia Railroad. He belongs to the various organ izations of his profession, and holds a high reputation among his fellowpractitioners as one who has always respected the highest ethics of the pro fession.
Primarily a lawyer, Mr. Shattuck's energetic spirit and fine abilities have carried him into various other lines of endeavor, gaining him a name as one of the principal upbuilders of the City of La Fajette. In 1899, with James Patton, he organized the Bank of La Fayette, with a capital of $20.000, which through its earnings has been increased to $60,000, with a.surplus of $40,000, and undivided profits of $14,000. Mr. Shattuck has served as president of this institution since its inception and under his able management and direc tion it has grown and prospered, and maintained a high reputaton in banking circles as well as in the confidence of the people of this locality. In 1904 Mr. Shattuck became the organizer of the Walker County Hosiery Mills, of which he has since been president, an industry which gives employment to 300 people and has a monthly pay roll of $4,400. He was one of the organ izers, also, of the Union Cotton Mills, manufacturers of cotton cloth, of which he has been secretary since the death of Capt. A. R, Steel, in 1901. This com pany was organized in 1891, with a capital of $100,000, but which has since been increased to $200,000, while the backers of this concern have fully $500,000 invested in modern factories, equipment, machinery, etc. It gives employment to 350 people, and has a monthly pay roll of $4,500. Mr. Shat-

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2117

tuck is also an extensive land owner in Walker County and other parts of North Georgia.
A democrat in his political views, Mr. Shattuck has at various times been called upon to contribute of his time and abilities in the public service. He served very capably as mayor of La Fayette, giving the city a business-like administration that did much to place civic matters upon a sound financial basis, subsequently acted as county attorney of Walker County, and was later called upon to complete the unexpired term of H. L. Forrester, who died while the incumbent of the office of county treasurer. While the duties of his profession and his vast business interests make constant demands upon his strength and his time, he is always ready to do his full share in a civic way. Mr. Shattuck belongs to the Georgia Bankers 7 Association, and is fraternally affiliated with the Masons, in which he has attained the Royal Arch degree. He belongs to the Baptist Church, in which he has served for some years as deacon.
%
COL. ROBERT MARION WALLACE GLENN. A prominent member of the Georgia bar for more than thirty years, during a large portion of that period Col. Robert Marion Wallace Glenn has been a leading figure in public life. His public service has been of great public value to his constituents, and he is an enthusiastic democrat, but he has never thrust himself forward as a can didate for preferment, and at times has declined favors at the hands of his party. A popular, whole-souled and liberal-minded man, his geniality of manner adds a particular charm to a fine legal mind and broad and states' manlike ability.
Colonel Glenn was born in Walker County, Georgia, on what a few years later became the famous battleground of Chickamauga, September 6, 1858, and is a son of Robert J. and Susan (Jones) Glenn. His grandfather, George M. Glenn, removed from South Carolina to Newton County, Georgia, in 1835, and there became a leading planter and slave owner and a man of prominence, influence and means. He died in 1861, at the age of sixty-seven years. He was first married to a Miss Childress, who died in the early '40s, leaving six children, and his second wife, by whom he had four children, bore the maiden name of Susan McCullough.
Robert J. Glenn, the fourth of his father's children by his first marriage, was born at Spartanburg, South Carolina, March 10, 1829, and was reared and educated in Walker County, Georgia, where he took up planting as his life work. At the outbreak of hostilities between the South and the North, he enlisted in Company G, Sixth Georgia Cavalry, which formed a part of the famous cavalry organization under the intrepid and brilliant Gen. Joe Wheeler, and took part in many engagements, including Atlanta, Dalton and Marietta, and the campaigns in Tennessee and North Carolina. Following the close of the war, Mr. Glenn returned to his operations as a planter and con tinued to be engaged therein during the remainder of his life, winning success and material prosperity through good management and industry. He died March 9, 1909, at the age of eighty years, while Mrs. Glenn died on April 2, 1908, only several months prior. They were members of the Christian Church and had the respect and confidence of those among whom they lived for such a long period. Married in 1853, four of their children grew to maturity, namely: Dormia, who is the wife of J. R. Hunter, a farmer of Walker County; Henry H., a planter of Walker County, who died in October, 1914; Robert Marion Wallace, of this review; and Nannie, who became the wife of Prof. J. A. Sartin, of Walker County, died June 1, 1915. Robert J. Glenn was a Mason, and in his political views was a democrat, although he was not an office seeker, being content to pursue his quiet agricultural operations.
During his youth, Robert M. W. Glenn attended school during five days of the week, worked on the home farm one day, and rested on the Sabbath, this

2118

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

program being continued until lie reached the age of fourteen years. He remained on his father's farm until he was eighteen years of age, at which time he began teaching in the country schools of Walker County, and contin ued thus off and on for two years, although a part of this time was spent in furthering his own education. At this time he became interested in the law, and, finally deciding to adopt it as his life work, began its study under the preceptorship of Judson C. Clements, of La Fayette, who has for some years been and is at present a member of the Interstate Commerce Commission, at "Washington, D. C. In 1880 Mr. Glenn was admitted to practice, after exam ination under Hon. John W. H. Underwood, at that time judge of the Superior Court. He at once began practice at La Fayette, and also entered actively into democratic politics, being elected, in 1884, a member of the State Senate, to represent the Forty-fourth Senatorial District. He served two years at that time, and in 1890 was again sent to that body. Colonel Glenn was the author of the bill known as the Fifty-day Session Bill, which subsequently became a law, but the achievement which gave him his greatest prestige was as father of the Railroad and Canal Law, an amendment to the Constitution, authorizing the secretary of state to grant all charters of railroads, canals, express companies, telephone companies, banks, etc. At its introduction, this bill was bitterly opposed on all sides, but Mr. Glenn's eloquence and the force of his arguments eventually won over the opposition, and while only a twothirds vote was needed for the passage of the bill, at its final vote there were found but six or seven against its passage.
During his career of more than thirty years as a lawyer, Colonel Glenn has been identified with much important litigation, and has at various times represented large mining and railroad interests, and in this connection, without relinquishing any of his legal duties which had devolved upon him, he has assumed a vast financial and managerial responsibility. In the field of rail road construction in Walker County, as well as in the handling of mining properties, he has attended to the thousand details of large undertakings with the skill of a trained expert and the prudence and sagacity of a practical lawyer. He is the owner of farms and mineral lands in Walker County, and has one of the finest homes at La Fayette. Aside from the organizations of his profession, he has various fraternal and social connections.
Colonel Glenn was married June 11,1895, to Miss Clara Warthen, a native of that county, and a daughter of Nathan G. and Adeline (Marsh) Warthen, natives of Georgia. The father of Mrs. Glenn was a prominent planter, a large slave owner prior to the Civil war, and a Confederate soldier during that struggle. The Marsh family were among the wealthiest and most prominent planters in Walker County, and were also very active in the work of the Baptist Church. Colonel and Mrs. Glenn have one child: Robert Marsh, born in 1902, at La Fayette, Georgia, and now a student at school. Mrs. Glenn is one of the best known and most popular ladies in social circles of La Fayette. She has been for many years organist at the Baptist Church, where she belongs also to the Women's Missionary Society, and holds membership also in the local chapters of the Daughters ofthe American Revolution and the Daughters of the Confederacy.
ROBERT SIDNEY GARMANEY. The successful management of a plantation containing 6,000 acres of land in a community where competition is keen and high standards prevail presupposes the possession of a comprehensive mastery of the science of agriculture, unbounded energy and high business ability. When to the responsibilities that such a position entails are added the duties of a high office in the public service, the individual who assumes such labors must be accounted one of. the strong and capable men of his community. Such a combination of personal qualifications is found in Robert Sidney Garmaney, manager of the great plantation of the Laurient Land Company, and sheriff of Walker County, Georgia.

* t
i (

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2119

Mr. Garmaney has been a lifelong resident of Walker County, as he was born here October 28, 1861, a son of Newton Garmaney, and a grandson of Capt. Hamilton Garmaney, a native of Ireland. The grandfather, with two of his brothers, George and John, emigrated from his native Erin to the United States during the early 730s, and all located at once in the South, George at Savannah, Georgia, John in South Carolina, and Captain Hamilton at Lawrenceville, Gwinnett County. The grandfather, a man of energy, strong character and enterprise, became a man of prominence in his community. He raised, organized and drilled a company of militia, at the head of which he was placed as captain, and fought the Creek Indians, and later was made warden of the state penitentiary, a capacity in which he came to Walker County. After some years here, he moved to Catoosa County, and there passed the remaining years of his life. When he was in his fifties, he met his death while hunting, at Ringgold, when his gun was accidentally dis charged by the trigger catching upon a twig. He and his wife were the parents of five children, namely: William Newton; Washington, who died in Texas; Josephine, who is the wife of William Witherspoon and resides at Atlanta; Fannie, who married Moses Dodson and died at Chattanooga, Ten nessee ; and Journegan, who died at Ringgold, Georgia.
William Newton Garmaney was born in 1837, in Gwinnett County, Georgia, and was reared to agricultural pursuits, in which he was engaged throughout his life. He and his wife were very religious, highly respected people, arid reared their children to lives of industry and probity. Mrs. Garmaney was Miss Addie Knox before her marriage, a native of Gwinnett County, Georgia, and a daughter of Samuel Knox, and died in 1891, at the age of forty-four years. She and her husband were the parents of ten children, namely: Mary, who was the wife of William Brooks and died in Walker County; Margaret, who married W. H. H. Scudder and lives at Chelsea, Oklahoma; Emma, who is the wife of John H. Watt, a farmer of Walker County; George Hampton, a resident of Birmingham, Alabama; William Knox, who lives at Chattanooga, Tennessee; Robert Sidney, of this review; Ida, who is the wife of William L. Connolly, of Beeville, Texas; Clark B., who lives at Birmingham, Alabama; Lulu, who is the wife of Samuel Parks Hall, a prominent farmer and mer chant of Walker County; and John Winter, deceased.
Robert Sidney Garmaney received his education in the country schools of Walker County and was brought up to agricultural pursuits. As a youth he engaged in farming on his own account, and so continued until 1893, when he was elected sheriff of Walker County. So capably and fearlessly did he discharge the duties of his office that he was re-elected three times, serving four terms or eight years in that capacity. At the close of his last term, he
undertook the general management of one of the largest plantations in Georgia,
a tract of 6,000 acres, known as the Laurient Land Company's plantation.
He was placed in entire charge of this enormous cotton and corn farm, and
has continued as its general manager to the present time. In the operation
of this tract Mr. Garmaney has displayed a high order of executive ability
and a capacity for work that is extraordinary. He is alert to every improve
ment which science devises for the guidance and help of agriculturists, and
has steadily maintained the family reputation for thoroughness of labor and
strength and integrity of character. In the fall of 1914, he'was again per
suaded by his friends to accept the nomination for the office of sheriff of
Walker County, and was elected to that office, in which he is now serving.
His record in the sheriff's office is one beyond reproach. In the performance
of duty he has shown himself absolutely fearless, and in handling the criminal
element has displayed sagacity, judgment and the possession of shrewdness
and accuracy in deduction. It is a queer contradiction of his character, that

2120

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

while he is stern in his enforcement of the law, he is of a singularly gentle and quiet disposition. He owes the success he has gained in life to nothing else but hard, honest work, and while he has undergone hardships and mis fortunes, his cheerful optimism has carried him safely through to more pros perous conditions and circumstances. While he is an enthusiastic democrat, Mr. Garmaney prefers to work in behalf of his party in a modest and unosten tatious manner. He belongs to the Methodist Episcopal Church, in the faith of which he was reared, and is a member also of the Masons and the Independ ent Order of Odd Fellows.
On June 11, 1885, Mr. Garmaney was united in marriage at Cave Spring, Floyd County, Georgia, at the home of the bride, to Miss Julia McCleary Jones, a native of Mississippi, and a daughter of L. W. and Mary (McCleary) Jones, natives of Mississippi and New York, respectively, and subsequently prominent people of Floyd County. To Mr. and Mrs. Garmaney there have been born five children, all in Walker County: William Perry, a banker of Marlborough, New York; Robert, who died at the age of twenty years, in Walker County; John Hampton, a traveling salesman with headquarters at Savannah; Wert W., a student of pharmacy at the University of Georgia; and Jennie May, who resides at home and is attending school. Mrs. Gar maney has been active in the work of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and like her husband has many friends at La Fayette.

MAJ. JOEL CRAWFORD was born in Columbia County, Georgia, on June 15, 1783. He obtained a liberal education in his native state and completed his law studies in Connecticut. Upon his return to Georgia, the journey of six weeks being accomplished on horseback, he began the practice of law at Sparta, in 1808, but soon moved to Milledgeville, and was for a time in partnership with the father of the late Justice L. Q. C. Lamar. At the out break of the War of 1812 he left home as a lieutenant in a company of dragoons commanded by Captain Steele, in the army then serving on the western frontier of Georgia and operating against the Creek Indians. Lieu tenant Crawford was almost immediately made aide-de-camp of the com manding-general, with the rank of major, and under the leadership of Gen. John Floyd, they invaded the Creek country with an army of 3,600 men. In the campaign of 1813 and 1814 Major Floyd served with distinguished gal lantry. The campaign was an arduous one during the winter of 1813-14, over the rugged country now known as North Alabama, and several successful battles were fought with the Indians on the Tallapoosa River. In each of these battles Major Crawford was noted for his gallantry in action, and twice had his horse shot from under him. l
At the close of the war he resumed the practice of law at Milledgeville, and served his state as a member of the lower house in the Legislature from 1814 to 1817. He was then elected to the Fifteenth Congress as a democrat
and re-elected to the Sixteenth Congress, but declined further election. In 1826 he was appointed one of the board of commissioners to run the boundary line between the states of Georgia and Alabama, and then .practically retired from public life and devoted himself to his numerous and growing family
and his large estates, but in 1837 he was called upon by the General Assembly to act as a state commissioner in the erection and construction of the Atlantic and Western Railroad, and was appointed president of the board of commis sioners. After a happy married life, extending over a considerable period, he was, in late middle life, left a widower, when he sold his beautiful home in Sparta, Georgia, and removed to one of his plantations near Blakely, Early County, where he .spent the remainder of his life, and there peacefully
passed away on April 5,1858.

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2121

WILLIAM H. CRAWFORD, lawyer and statesman, who in his day was the foremost man in Georgia and ranked high in the national councils, was then
and is now considered by many thoughtful students of our ^ history to ha,ve been the greatest man credited to Georgia in all of its history. He was, born in Amherst County, Virginia, on February 24, 1772, and died near Elberton, Georgia, on September 15, 1834, in his sixty-third year of his age.
Young Crawford had very limited school advantages. He went to school a few months in South Carolina, and showed such aptitude that his father
determined to send him abroad to Scotland for a complete education. This plan fell through owing to untoward circumstances, and he was then trained in the best of the country schools, obtaining a fair English education until 1788, when his father died and the lad was compelled to resort to school teach ing to aid his mother in supporting a large and almost helpless family. In
1794 he entered Carmel Academy, Columbia, where he remained two years; in 1796 became an instructor, as well as student, in the Richmond Academy, Augusta, and in 1798 was appointed rector of that institution.
In the spring of 1799 he removed to Oglethorpe and entered upon the practice of his profession at Lexington in what was then called the Western and was later known as the Northern Circuit. In 1807, after having served four years in the State Legislature, he was elected to the United States Senate to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of Abraham Baldwin. He completed that term and in 1811 was re-elected without opposition, and served until 1813, when he was tendered the office of Secretary of War by President Madison. This position he declined,' and he was then tendered the position of Minister to France. He accepted this post, resigned from the United States Senate, and filled the position of Minister to France for two years, from April. 1813, to April, 1815. In October following he was made
Secretary of the Treasury by President Madison, and during that winter was strongly solicited to allow his name to be put in nomination for the presidency.
This he declined, because he was yet a young man comparatively and did not care to antagonize Mr. Monroe. Notwithstanding his declination and the ab sence of a number of his strongest and most intimate friends, who refused to at tend when the caucus was held, out of the 119 votes cast fifty-four of them went to Crawford and sixty-five to Monroe. It was believed at the time that if Mr. Crawford had consented to allow his name to be presented that he would have been nominated without difficulty. Mr. Monroe came to the presidency in 1817 and asked Mr. Crawford to retain the treasury portfolio, which he did, and held it during Monroe's two terms, which expired in 1825. When the election came on toward the close of Monroe's second term Mr. Crawford was a candi date, but a paralytic stroke received about that time so disabled him that a combination made against him by other candidates was able to defeat him, and John Quincy Adams was chosen President. President Adams promptly tendered the treasury portfolio to him, but after nearly nine years of service in that position under two presidents, and years of very hard service they had been, with his impaired health Mr. Crawford felt unequal to the duties and returned to Georgia,
In 1827, after the death of Judge Dooly, Governor Troup appointed Mr. Crawford judge of the Northern Circuit. In those days the position of a circuit judge in Georgia was one of great honor and dignity, and Mr. Craw ford did not hesitate to accept. In 1828 the Legislature elected him to the same office without opposition, and three years later, though there was a candidate against him, he was again elected on the first ballot. He died while serving this last term and in the active discharge of the duties of the office. He set out from home on his way to court on Saturday, was taken ill that night at the house of a friend, Mr. Valentine Meriwether, near Elber ton, and died at 2 o'clock on the succeeding Monday morning.

2122

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

COL. CLOVIS DEMPSEY RIVERS. Colonel Rivers was admitted to the Georgia bar more than a quarter of a century ago, but a large part of the intervening time was spent in practice and in other business activities in the State of Texas. He has long been accounted one of the ablest attorneys at Summerville, and has also been a vigorous exponent of good citizenship and at six different times has been honored with the office of mayor, of which he
is the present incumbent. Clovis Dempsey Rivers was born at Fort Deposit, Alabama, February 16,
1867, though his family has long been identified with Chattooga County, Georgia, His parents were Capt. John W. and Eliza (Thurman) Rivers. The ancestry on both sides goes back to Huguenots who came to this country more than a century ago. The paternal grandfather was Dempsey Rivers, who was born in South Carolina and settled in Chattooga County, Georgia, in 1833. His native county was Chesterfield. Dempsey Rivers was a planter but was strongly opposed to secession and was likewise hostile to the institu tion of slavery. He became a prominent citizen after locating in Chattooga County, and served for many.years as judge of the Interior Court, and was otherwise active in local politics. He was drowned in the Chattooga River in 1875 at the age of seventy-five. His wife was Nancy McDuffy, a native of South Carolina, who died in 1855. Capt. John W. Rivers was born in Chat tooga County, but prior to the war became a gin salesman in Alabama, living in Butler and Lowndes counties. In spite of his sentiments in favor of the Union and against slavery, at the outbreak of the war he enlisted as private in the Confederate army and was promoted to captain of the First Arkansas Battery. He participated in the battles of Pea Ridge, Shiloh, Richmond, Kentucky, Murfreesboro, Tennessee, Missionary Ridge, and in the sieges of Macon and Atlanta. He was in command at the State House in Milledgeville at the surrender. During his military experience he had two horses shot from under him. Some time after the war Captain Rivers returned to Georgia and became a Chattooga County farmer, and lived there until his death in 1913 at the age of seventy-nine. His widow is still living at the old home, at the age of sixty-five. Colonel Rivers was the oldest of their children. His sister Octavia E., who was also born at Fort Deposit, Alabama, is the wife of John A. Strange, a merchant at Summerville; Cordelia, the first of the family to be born in Chattooga County, is the wife of John Lowe, a farmer of that county; John J. is a farmer in Chattooga County; Lillie is the wife of Gordon Kellett, a Chattooga County farmer; and Herbert H., also
farms in the same county. Colonel Rivers up to the age of nineteen lived at home, did farm work
and attended the public schools. He then took up the study of law under Judge John and Col. J. D. Taylor of Summerville, and in 1880 was admitted to practice by Hon. John W. Maddox, judge of the Superior Court of the Rome circuit. As a lawyer he began his work in Summerville and remained there until 1890. In that year he moved out to Texas and did a law practice at Hempstead from 1894 until 1898. Colonel Rivers in 1898 enlisted in Company C of the Second Texas Volunteer Infantry for service in the Spanish-American war, and at the termination of his term of enlistment he returned to Texas and took up farming in the southeastern part of that state in Newton County. After selling out in 1901 he returned to Summerville, Georgia, and for the past fourteen years has handled a large general practice as an attorney and has likewise been interested in farming. He has been elected and has served as mayor of Summerville for six different terms.
Colonel Rivers is a democrat and a man of influence and leadership wherever he is. He has a command of both the French and Spanish lan guages, and is noted as one of the most scholarly lawyers of the Chattooga County bar. He is a lover of books, and owns one of the best private libraries in Northern Georgia. His fondness for the old masters of literature amounts

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2123

almost to a passion. His interests are wide and varied, and lie finds constant pleasure in the study of nature, and takes more than an amateur's interest in flowers, birds and all the visible forms of the world's life. He possesses an optimistic nature, is genial and pleasant in companionship, and has a host of loyal and devoted friends. Among his business interests he has part owner ship in a fine cotton plantation near Summerville.
JOSHUA P. JOHNSTON. There are some features about the work of Judge Johnston as judge of Ordinary for Chattooga County that might well serve as a model for the incumbents of such offices in this state and elsewhere. Judge Johnston has been primarily concerned during his official term, extend ing over the past ten years, securing the most advantageous settlement of the many cases in chancery brought before him. Obviously it is not to the advantage of any one concerned except the lawyers to have a protracted litiga tion over the division of property. Judge Johnston has a remarkable record in this respect and his entire influence has been cast in the direction of peaceable adjudication, toward compromise and reconciliation and the avoid ance of costly strife. These methods have made him universally admired and honored in his county, where he has for many years been regarded as one of the leading citizens.
Joshua P. Johnston was born in Chattooga County July 16, 1848, a son of Rev. Joshua P. and Elizabeth (Hood) Johnston. His mother was born either in Henry or Newton County, Georgia, a daughter of Joshua Hood, who was also a native of this state. Joshua Hood was a millwright by occupation, and followed that calling in Northern Georgia. Many mills in that section were erected or equipped by him, and he was a sterling character in his gen eration. His daughter, Elizabeth Johnston, died October 2, 1869, and was a woman of fine Christian character and of splendid influence both at home and among her social acquaintances. The paternal grandfather of Judge Johnston was Joshua Johnston, who settled in Walker County, Georgia, in that portion now Chattooga County, in 1838. He was a planter and died there at the age of seventy-seven, and was a deacon of the Baptist Church. Johsua P. Johnston, father of Judge Johnston, was born in Wilkes County, North Carolina, July 8, 1820, and spent the first seventeen years of his life in that locality. He tnen came to Georgia with his parents, and early in life was ordained as a minister of the-Baptist Church. He spent his entire career as a teacher, largely in Chattooga and Walker counties, and also in Cherokee County, Alabama. The day before his death he preached a sermon. The end came suddenly on October 8, 1900, when he was eignty years of age, and his sudden demise was a great blow to his family and many hundreds of people whose hearts and character he had influenced felt a deep sense of bereavement when he was taken away. Rev. Joshua Johnston after the death of his first wife married Elmina Quinn, a native of Georgia, and the one daughter of this union is Mary, wife of Jerome H. Spencer of La Fayette, Georgia. Judge Johnston was the oldest of the thirteen children born to his father's first marriage. The others are: Mathew Noah, who was a farmer and died in 1898; Randolph B., who was a farmer and blacksmith and died January 19, 1913; Rebecca, who is the widow of A. F. Shaw a.nd resides at McLemores Cove in Walker County; Martha J., wife of R. C. Boss, a farmer of Walker County; John M., who died in 1880 at-.the age of twenty-five; James H., also deceased, who was a farmer and merchant; Holly E., widow of G. W. Shaw and a resident of Walker County; Nancy, who died in 1880 as the wife of D. W. Lawrence of Walker; Joseph F., who is a merchant at La Fay ette; Benjamin J., who died at the age of eighteen; Dr. J. J. Johnston, who is a graduate of the Atlanta Medical College and is in practice at Rome; and one that died in infancy.
Judge Johnston has spent nearly all his life in Chattooga County, and as

2124

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

a boy had a thorough discipline in farm work and at the same time attended the public schools. His independent career was begun as a.merchant and farmer in the Dirttown Valley of Chattooga County, where his father was one of the first settlers, having located there prior to the removal of the Indians. While at Dirttown Judge Johnston was elected and for eight years held the office of justice of the peace. In January, 1905, he was elected Ordinary judge for Chattooga County. Following this election to the office of Ordinary he moved from his farm, which he still owns and operates, into a pleasant home in Summerville. Judge Johnston is essentially a man of peace and this characteristic has been a large factor in enabling him to secure a peaceable settlement of most of his cases, which before many judges would have been fought out and bitterly contested at a heavy cost both to the public and to the individual litigants.
Judge Johnston was a democrat, and he and his family are all active Baptists. In 1879 at the home of the bride in Gordon County he married Miss Emeline Climer, who was born in Gordon County, a daughter of Bennett and Mary (Johnson) Climer. To this union were born six children: John P., who died at the age of eight years; Margaret, wife of C. S. Thomasson of La Fayette, Georgia; Alice, wife of C. F. Orr, a Chattooga County farmer; Miss Jennie, at home; Fannie, wife of James F. Major, a farmer near Mento, Chattooga County; and Miss Georgia J., still at home.

WILLIAM BUTT CODY, whose recent election by unanimous choice of the council to chief of the Atlanta Fire Department served to impress anew upon the minds of a grateful community his name and valuable services, comes into his present office not only by merit and efficiency but also by seniority, since he is the oldest member of the' department and began fighting fires in Atlanta when the service consisted entirely of a volunteer organization. In the modern city no municipal service has 'been developed to a higher point of efficiency and of greater usefulness to the property and welfare of citi zens than that of fire protection. It has been well said that the fireman is the favorite popular hero of peace, and no one perils his life so constantly and no one gives it quite so dramatically as the fireman.
When the election of a new chief of the fire department came up in the city council July 5, 1915, Mr. Cody received at the first ballot sixteen votes to the ten votes cast for the other two candidates, and by a rising vote the.council then declared the election of Mr. Cody unanimous. An interest ing comment on his election is that found in the issue of the Atlanta Georgian, as follows: "The fact that he is called 'Captain Bill' is sufficient proof that he is an official who is loved, but how he won by such a comfortable majority over the former chief, who was regarded as. strongly entrenched, was a big surprise to many. The secret of his success gives an insight into the strange course of human events, for Captain Bill owes his election to his love for the spirited fire horses and his attention to the children, who, through his long service of thirty-seven years as a fire fighter, were attracted to the fire station to see the fat and well groomed steeds, just at the time when motor apparatus was relegating the horse to more commonplace service. Through the long years of his service he won the undying affection of many an Atlanta child. Those little boys have grown into men and are occupying seats in the city council. He treated rich and poor alike, showing a genuine affection for all children. And when he offered himself for the office of chief, his friends were too many and too strong for any opposition.' ?
It has been inevitable that Chief Cody should frequently be asked whether he is a relative of the famous Col. William F. Cody, better known as'" Buffalo Bill," and his reply is that both are descended from the same original Irish stock,'though the relationship is too remote for either to.regard the other as a close relative. William Butt Cody was born in Warrenton, Warren

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2125

County, Georgia, July 9 1858, and of a sturdy family relationship, so that
no member of the Cody name has ever been known to commit suicide or be confined in an asylum of any kind, a fact which in these times of social
degeneration is a high testimonial to any family name. His father and
mother were David Thomas and Mary Elizabeth (Andrews) Cody. His
father, a native of "Warren County, Georgia, spent the greater part of his life in Warrenton engaged in merchandising, and also served as deputy
sheriff of the'county. During the Civil war he was a Confederate soldier, and died a few years later in 1868 at Warrenton. Chief Cody's paternal
grandfather was Edmund Cody, a large planter and slave owner of Warren County. He died in New Orleans in 1858. His mother, Miss Andrews, was
the daughter of Clayburn Andrews, and she died in 1875. Chief Cody was
the oldest of four children, and he now has two sisters living. Jennie V. is the widow of Angus Tanquery, late of Paris, France, where Mrs. Tanquery
now resides, and her two sons are fighting bravely with the troops of France in the present European war. The other sister is Mrs. Sarah Olive
Schneider, a resident o'f Brooklyn, New York, and widow of Philip Schneider. For the first eighteen years of his life Chief Cody lived in Warrenton,
Georgia and finished his early education in the Warrenton Academy. He came to Atlanta in 1876, where for several years he was employed in a planing mill. In the latter part of the year 1876 he became a member of Atlanta's Volunteer Fire Department, and is the only member of the present fire department whose service antedates the organization of
the regular paid system of fire protection. In those days he received no pay for his services, responding when called upon and applying himself vigor
ously to working the old-fashioned apparatus then owned by the city. In
July, 1878, he was advanced to a position as driver in the Mechanic Fire Company No. 2 at the corner of Alabama and Washington streets, and then
began drawing monthly wages of $60. In May, 1882, he became a driver in the Talulah Fire Company No. 3, which was located on the present site of the Grant Building. From 1876 to the present time Chief Cody has been
constantly in the service of the Atlanta Fire Department, has filled every position, has passed all the grades, and finally, as already noted, on July 5, 1915, was promoted from captain of the No. 6 station to fire chief.
Chief Cody is a member of the Georgia Lodge No. 96, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, of Atlanta Lodge No. 78 of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and of Eureka Council No. 7, Junior Order of United Ameri
can Mechanics, He is a democrat but was never a candidate for any political office. He is also a member of the North Avenue Presbyterian Church.
July 13, 1879, he married Miss Lizzie Tolbert, who died in 1888. Decem
ber 11, 1895, occurred his marriage with Miss Leila" C. Butt, of Atlanta:
Chief Cody is the father of eight living children, three sons and a daughter by his first marriage, and also three sons and one daughter by his present
wife. The names of his children in order of age are as follows: Clinton Cranford; William Thomas; John Leonard; Mary Elizabeth, now Mrs. Mary
Elizabeth Williams of Texas; Louie Robinson; Wellborn Butt; Helen Har
riet; and Edward Leilon.

DONALD W. HERNDON, D. D. S. Prominent among the men of Walker County whose skill and talents have placed them in .eminent positions in pro fessional life is found Dr. Donald W. Herndon, of La Fayette, a most courteous
and accomplished member of the fraternity of dental practitioners. Not alone in the field of his profession, however, has Doctor Herndon been successful, for as a business man and manufacturer he is credited with large accomplish
ments, and in civic affairs has been prominent for a number of years, at this time being the chief executive of his city. He is a native of Chattooga
County, Georgia, born December 23,1879, and a son of Reuben T. and Martha L. (Wear) Herndon.

2126

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

The founder of the Herndon family in Georgia' was an uncle of Doctor Herndon, James Herndon, who located in Chattooga County prior to the transference of the Indians to the Indian Territory. He was the first sheriff of Chattooga County and his daughter was the first white.child born in that county. She later became the wife of Robert Patrick and died in Chattooga. County, where she had spent her entire life. Reuben T. Herndon was born in York County, South Carolina, in 1833, and was sixteen years of age when he came to Georgia and settled in Chattooga County. As a young man he engaged in agricultural pursuits, and was thus engaged when the Civil war came on, when he enlisted in the Confederate army. After a short period he was honorably discharged because of disability and returned to his farm, where he continued operations until his death in 1899. He was an industrious and hard-working agriculturist, developed a good farm, was known as a public-spirited citizen, and had the respect and confidence of his neighbors and associates. He married Martha L. Wear, who was born in Cherokee County, Alabama, and they became the parents of two children: Donald W., and a child who died in infancy. Mr. and Mrs. Herndon were active workers in the Presbyterian Church.
Donald W. Herndon received his education in the public schools of Chat tooga County, the high school at Gaylesville, Alabama, where he graduated at the age of eighteen years, and Atlanta Dental College, where he received the degree of Doctor of Dental Surgery in 1904. During his first year of practice he was located at Lyerly, Chattooga County, but soon desired a broader field, and in 1905 came to La Fayette and opened an office. The science of dental surgery is one of the most important among the various branches of professional knowledge on which civilized humanity is more or less dependent for the maintenance of healthful conditions and for exemption from physical distress. But, as in medicine and surgery, the science of dentistry is constantly, developing new phases of usefulness, and in order to insure success the dentist of today must keep fully abreast of the latest achievements of his profession. He must add skill to thorough research and combine close application to his task with the ability gained through experi ence. Such a practitioner of his art is Doctor Herndon, whose professional skill and dexterity have attracted to him a large and representative practice. "While Doctor Herndon has devoted the major part of his attention to his practice, he is not unknown in business circles, having been connected with a number of important enterprises which have contributed to La Fayette 7s importance and prestige. He is a director in the Bank of La Fayette, is a partner in the Farmers Hardware Company, one of the leading mercantile establishments of its kind here, and in 1914 was the organizer of the La Fayette Fertilizer Company, in which he is a director. He owns a pleasant home, and generally passes his summer vacations in travel, accompanied usually by his family. The doctor has always been an enthusiastic booster of the interests of La Fayette, and has attracted capital and professional skill to this city by his presentation of agricultural, industrial, commercial and professional con ditions as he has found them. A democrat in politics, he has taken an active part in civic affairs since his arrival at La Fayette. In 1910 he was elected to the mayoralty, in 1911 was made a member of the city council, in the fall of 1912 was elected mayor for the years 1913-14, and in the fall of 1914 received the re-election to the chief executive's office for the years 1915-16. As councilman he was an important factor in floating bonds for raising the money used in the erection of the municipal water and light plant, and as mayor he was just as active in the voting of bonds for the sewerage system now under course of construction. He is giving the people of the city a clean and thoroughly efficient administration and is vindicating the faith and con fidence which they reposed in him. Fraternally, Doctor Herndon belongs to the local Blue Lodge and Chapter of the Masonic order, to the Independent

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2127

Order of Odd Fellows, in which he has passed through the chairs, and to the Woodmen of the World. He is a member of the Presbyterian Church and at present serves in the capacity of deacon.
On June 7, 1905, Doctor Herndon was married to Miss Susie Holland, of Chattooga County, Georgia, daughter of Charles J. and Emmeliiie (Gilbert) Holland. Mr. Holland, who is now dec-eased, was a well-known agriculturist and merchant of Chattooga County. To Doctor and Mrs. Herndon there have been born two children, both at La Fayette: Charles, born April 26, 1908; and John, born June 21, 1910. Mrs. Herndon is active in the work of the Presbyterian Church, and is well and favorably known in social circles of La Fayette.
MABVIN MONROE HEAD, M. D. Through father and son a wide community around Zebulon in Pike County has had the benefit of the capable medical services of Doctors Head for more than thirty years. Not only professional success but influential activity as citizens have marked the careers of these well known physicians.
Dr. James Monroe Head, the father, was born in Monroe County, Georgia, December 26, 1853, a son of George W. and Lavinia (Clay) Head, the latter a member of the same family made conspicuous by the great Henry Clay. The family for many years lived in Virginia, whence they came into Georgia. James M. Head acquired his early, education under private instructors, at tended the medical department of the University of Georgia, graduating 'M. D. in 1877, and has been continuously in practice in Pike County since that year. He is a member of the Georgia State and American Medical associations, is affiliated with the Knights of Honor, is an elder in the Presby terian Church, and for several years served as mayor of Zebulon. In 1912 he purchased the Times-Journal at Zebulon, and has since been its editor and publisher. On November 19, 1879, he married Miss Lutie Pope, a daughter of Cadesman and Lucy Pope, farming people of Pike County. Five children were born: Marvin Monroe, Perrin Boylston, Horace W., Lucy Pope, and Douglas Lamar.
Few physicians in this part of the state have accomplished more or gained higher recognition in the profession than Dr. M. M. Head, though he is still but a young man and has the promise of many years of beneficenj; activities before him. He was born in Merriweather County, Georgia, October 19,1880, was educated in the Gordon Institute at Barnesville, Georgia, from which he graduated in 1899, and soon afterwards entered the Atlanta College of Physicians and Surgeons, from which he was graduated M. D. in 1902. He at once located at Zebulon, and has now been in continuous practice for thir teen years. Some of the distinctions which indicate his standing in the profession should be mentioned. He is president of the Pike County Medical Society, being also a member of the Georgia State and American Medical associations, is a member of the visiting board of the Georgia Academy for the Blind, is local surgeon for the Southern Railroad and a member of the Association of Southern Railroad Surgeons. He was also mayor of Zebulon for five years, and through these mediums he has made himself an effective factor in the life of his community.
Doctor Head is also interested in Masonry, being a member of several of the York Rite bodies including the council, and is affiliated with the Knights of Pythias and the Woodmen of the World. He is a steward in the Methodist Church. Outside of his profession he looks after the management of a large farm of 1,100 acres in Pike County. On April 27, 1905, he married Miss Susie Anna DuPree, daughter of Judge Elijah F. DuPree, one of the old and prominent lawyers of Pike County. They have one child, Marvin Nicholson.
JUDGE ELIJAH FLEMING DUPREE. Many consecutive terms of service in anv office of whatever nature indicates undeniably a measure of efficiency and
"Vol. IV-19

2128

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

popularity on the part of the-man who is thus distinguished and gives him a high place in his community. One of the oldest lawyers of Pike County, Judge Dupree has served many years on the county bench and is now judge of the City Court of Zebulon. His legal learning, his thorough integrity and ability in the judicial office, have served to keep him in a position of dignity and promise in his home county for many years.
A native Georgian, he was born in Merriweather County January 15,1849, a son of John R. and Eliza (Pullin) Dupree, who were substantial farming people in Merriweather County. His father came from Virginia. Judge Dupree was educated in the public schools and in 1872 graduated from the University of Georgia, and after a course of private law reading was admitted to the bar in June, 1873. He at once established his office and began practice at Zebulon, and for many years has enjoyed an extensive general practice, though his public duties have demanded the greater part of his time.
His first important elevation in public life was his service in the State Legislature during 1880-81. In 1892 he was appointed judge of the County courts and was on that bench for eighteen consecutive years. On the establish ment of the City Court at Zebulon he was made its judge, and has adminis tered it impartially and efficiently ever since. For several years Judge Dupree also served as mayor of Zebulon, and at another time was a member of the city council.
He is an honorary member of the Georgia State Bar Association, is director and attorney for the Bank of Zebulon, and is the owner of several hundred acres of farm land in Georgia. For a number of years he has been a deacon in the Zebulon Baptist Church and lacks none of those qualities and interests which make up the sound and dependable citizen.
On June 2, 1875, Judge Dupree married Biddie Ophelia Reaves, a daugh ter of Sidney K. and Caroline Reaves, a substantial family of farming people in Pike County. To their marriage were born five children: Robert Sidney, a farmer; Jessie, wife of J. H. Jordan, who is in the cotton business in Atlanta, Georgia; Susan, wife of Dr. M. M. Head of Zebulon; Mattie Reaves, the wife of Ottis E. Stewart, an insurance man at Savannah, Georgia; and Gussie May, who is a graduate of Shorter College.
JOEL ABBOTT, physician and statesman, was born in Fairfield, Connecticut, March 19, 1776. After receiving a liberal academic education he studied medicine under his father, who was a prominent practicing physician at Fairfield for more than a quarter of a century. After his graduation he moved to Washington, Wilkes County, Georgia, in 1794. He acquired a large practice, entered politics and, after holding various local offices was elected in 1809 to represent Wilkes County in the Georgia Legislature. He was re-elected to this position for two successive terms, and by a handsome majority each time.
In 1817 Doctor Abbott was elected to the Fifteenth United States Congress, leading his ticket by a large majority. He was re-elected to the Sixteenth, Seventeenth and Eighteenth Congresses and represented Georgia continuously in the lower house of Congress from December 1, 1817, to March 3, 1825.
While thus serving his state Doctor Abbott became the intimate friend of .such men as Henry Clay, who was at that time speaker of the House; John C. Calhoun, John Randolph and his own colleagues from Georgia, among whom were John Forsyth, Thomas W. Cobb, R. R. Ried, George R. Gilmer, Alfred Cuthbert, Wiley Thompson and others. During his service in Congress Doctor Abbott did much efficient work in committee and on the floor of the House. He was on the committees on Slave Trade, Commerce and others equally important.
In the early part of 'the last century the profession of pharmacy had not been separated from that of medicine, and in order to be a good doctor it was

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2129

necessary to become an adept in pharmacy. Doctor Abbott had so mastered both of these professions that the Medical Society of Georgia elected him as a delegate to the convention which met in Philadelphia in 1820 to prepare
the first National Pharmacopoeia. Soon after his retirement from Congress Doctor Abott's health became
impaired and he died November 19, 1826. He left several children who with their descendants have honored the name which Doctor Abbott bequeathed them, not only at the bar, on the rostrum, and in the pulpit, but in various, other ways. Doctor Abbott bought and improved the home where Gen. Robert Toombs afterwards lived, and his good wife laid out the grounds which as. a flower garden has been the admiration of three generations.

ALFRED GUMMING was born in Augusta, Georgia, on January 30, 18291 He was appointed to "West Point, and graduated in 1849. He served as an aide to General Twiggs at New Orleans from 1851 to 1853; was promoted to first lieutenant on March 3, 1855,. and captain of the Tenth Infantry on July 20, 1856. 'He served in the Utah Expedition, 1859-1860, which was commanded by Albert Sidney Johnston. He was at his home in Augusta on a furlough when his state seceded, January 9, 1861, and instantly forwarded his resignation from the United States Army, and offered his services to his state. He was promptly elected lieutenant-colonel of the Augusta Volunteer Battalion, composed of five companies, and took charge of the arsenal of that. city. Two regiments were immediately raised by the state, and he was assigned to duty as major of the Second Regiment and placed in command of the arsenal, where he remained two months. Preferring active service, he went to Richmond and applied for service in the field, and was com missioned as lieutenant-colonel of the Tenth Regiment C. S. A.; served as such until October, 1861, and was promoted to be colonel. In September, 1862, he was promoted to be brigadier-general and given command of the Alabama brigade, which he led at Antietam, and other historic engagements, includ ing the Atlanta campaign. Finally, on August 31, 1864, at the bloody battle of Jonesboro, he received his second wound of such a serious character as to totally' disable him for further service. At the close of the war he settled in Floyd County, where he engaged in farming until 1880, when he moved to Rome. He resided in Rome until about 1896, when he returned to Augusta,, his old home. He died at the residence of his son in Rome, Georgia, on December 5, 1910.

PLEASANT LEONIDAS MOON, M. D. The medical profession is well repre
sented in Atlanta by a number of capable physicians and surgeons. Amongthose who have made their mark and established a high reputation is Dr. P. L. Moon, who has convenient and well appointed offices in the Atlanta National Bank Building. Doctor Moon was born at Cartersville, Georgia, April 12, 1869, the son of'Pleasant LaFayette Moon, a merchant, who served in the Quartermaster's department of the Confederate States army. He was reared and educated in Cartersville and subsequently spent several years as a clerk: in mercantile stores in Cartersville, Rome and Atlanta. Having other ambi tions, however, than those connected with mercantile life, he applied himself to the study of medicine and in 1897 was graduated from the Atlanta Medical College, in the following year being graduated from the Atlanta College of Pharmacy. Since 1897 he has practiced his profession continuously in Atlanta,, except in 1911, when he took a post-graduate course in Chicago. A close and earnest student, he keeps well abreast of the advances made in medical and surgical science and has built up a large practice. He is physician at the Atlanta Children's Home, and was appointed a member of the Atlanta Board of Health for a two-year term. He is a member of the 'county and state medical societies.

2130

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

Doctor Moon was married in 1901 to Annie Eliza Lane, of Temple, Georgia, and they have two children a son and daughter namely: Pleasant Leonidas, Jr., born in August, 1902, and Sarah Annie Mae, born in May, 1904. The family reside at 366 Washington Street. Doctor Moon is a member and steward of St. John's Methodist Episcopal Church. He is widely known and respected, not only as a competent man in his profession, but also as a public spirited citizen who takes a lively and sympathetic interest in whatever makes for the material or moral betterment of the community in which he resides, and who may always be counted upon as a friend to progress.
WILLIAM P. FAIN. For a life that is only forty years distant from birth. William P. Fain has accomplished the unusual and exceptional. Getting his first experience in the grocery trade at the age of thirteen, by the time he was twenty he was co-partner in a wholesale house at Atlanta, and the firm of Fain & Stamps has since been developed to one of the largest wholesale houses in Atlanta. This record of achievement indicates that Mr. Fain possesses versatile ability, and along with the upbuilding of a commerical house he has also combined commendable public spirit, and for a number of years has been a member of the Atlanta Board of Police Commissioners, and is now its chair man. He is also state manager in Georgia and Florida for the Reserve Loan Life Insurance Company of Indianapolis. The man who has done all this was born on a farm seven miles south of Atlanta at Ben Hill, Fulton County, November 18, 1875. His father, John J. Fain, now living retired at Atlanta, was for many years a farmer and merchant, and for sixteen years was deputy sheriff of Fulton County. The mother, whose maiden name was Martha Fannie Stamps, is now seventy years of age, but has a vigor which causes her to pass for a woman of fifty. Mr. Fain has a brother and one sister living, the former being Miss Beulah Fain of Atlanta and the latter Columbus Leek Fain, also of that city.
Mr. Fain has spent all his life in Fulton County, lived on a farm for a . number of years, but has been a resident of the city since 1899. Leaving
school at the age of thirteen, he found employment as shipping clerk with Kelley Brothers, wholesale grocers. He was with that firm five years, being advanced from shipping clerk to bookkeeper, and finally to traveling salesman. At the age of eighteen he was selling groceries on the road for Kelley Brothers, but with his experience and with a modest accumulation of capital, in 1895, at the age of twenty, resigned his position and engaged in the wholesale grocery business for himself. He organized the well known firm of Fain & Stamps, his partner being his cousin, William 0. Stamps. For twenty years this house has been steadily going ahead, and is now located at 2 Washington Street, which has been its headquarters for the past ten years. The first loca tion was on Broad Street, and the two partners began business in a very limited way, their combined capital amounting to just $1,000. Since then the only money that has been put into the business for enlargement and extension has come from the profits of the business. At the present time the firm handles an aggregate business valued at $1,250,000 a year, and they keep twelve sales men steadily employed.
For a number of years Mr. Fain has also been prominent in local city politics as a democrat. Up to 1908 his home was in Oakland City, a suburb of Atlanta which at that time was incorporated as the Tenth Ward. Mr. Fain was for three years a member of the Oakland City Board of Aldermen, and when he became a resident of the Tenth Ward in 1908 he was chosen a mem ber of the board of police commissioners, and though in 1910 he removed from the Tenth to the Second Ward he has continued to serve on the board con tinuously since 1908. On March 1,1913, he was elected chairman of the board ' of police commissioners after a unique contest which had involved frequent balloting among the board at intervals covering an entire year. There was

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2131

v

a persistent deadlock, and in 1914 in a single night the board cast 386 ballots for chairman. On each one of these 386 ballotings Mr. Fain received six votes, seven being necessary for election, since the board comprised twelve members. Many other times an effort was made to break the deadlock, but without success until at the first meeting in March in 1915, when Mr. Fain received the extra ballot required for election.
He is a member of the Masonic order, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Knights of Pythias, belongs to the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce, and worships in the Methodist Episcopal Church. On July 1, 1915, Mr. Fain was appointed general agent of the Reserve Loan Life Insurance Company of Indianapolis, for the states of Georgia and Florida. He is now devoting all his attention to his duties in this new line of work, Avhich involves much responsibility, but his success in building up other business is proof that he will be a master hand in promoting the business of this well known company over the two states. He still retains his wholesale grocery interests, the active manager being his partner, Mr.
Stamps.

GEORGE L. BELL. In making record in this history concerning the courts and lawyers of the Empire State of the South there is special consistency in according specific recognition to Judge Bell, who has been a member of the bar of Georgia for nearly forty years and who is now serving on the bench of the Superior Court of the Atlanta Circuit, with high standing both as a legist and jurist. By his character and services he has conferred dignity upon his profession and honor upon his native state and prior to assuming his present judicial office he had served three years as standing master in chancery of the United States District Court for the northern district of Georgia, so that his experience in connection with jurisprudence has been specially wide and varied.
Judge Bell was born at Gumming, Forsyth County, Georgia, on the 10th of March, 1857, and is a son of Hiram P. and Virginia (Lester) Bell, the former of whom was born in Jackson County, this state, in 1827, and the latter at Lawrenceville, Gwinnett County, in 1833, both being representatives of Sterling pioneer families of the state. On other pages of this publication is entered a memoir to the late Hiram P. Bell, and thus it is unnecessary in the present article to offer further review of the family history.
After due preliminary discipline Judge Bell was matriculated in Emory College, at Oxford, Georgia, in which institution he completed his literary or academic education, after which he began the study of law under effective preceptorship, his admission to the bar 'having occurred in 1877. He forth with engaged in the practice of his profession at Gumming, the judicial center of his native county, and there his distinctive success as one of the leading members of the bar of Forsyth County set at naught any possible applica tion of the scriptural aphorism that'' a prophet is not without honor save in his own country." In 1893, under the administration of President Cleve land, he was appointed assistant United States district attorney for the northern district of Georgia, whereupon he established his residence at Gainesville, Hall County, which city continued to be his home until 1897, when he removed to Atlanta, his residence being now at Inman Park, one of the most attractive suburban residence districts of the Georgia metropolis. "While the incumbent of the office of district attorney Judge Bell conducted the prosecution of many important felony cases for the Government, and one of the most noteworthy of these was the celebrated Murray County " Whitecap" cases, as they were commonly designated. .The technical charge against the defendants was s that of conspiracy, and their trials attracted much interest on the part of the public, even outside of the borders of the state. The charges against the malefactors were substantiated and all were
convicted.

2132.

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

On the 9th of December, 1905, Judge Bell resigned the office of United States district attorney and resumed the private practice of his profession, in Atlanta, where he formed a partnership alliance with his son Clarence and Charles L. Pettigrew, under the firm name of Bell, Pettigrew & Bell. In 1906 he was appointed standing master in chancery of the United States Dis trict Court for the northern district of the state, and of this position he continued in tenure until August 20, 1909, when he was appointed a judge of the Superior Court of the Atlanta Circuit, on the bench of which impor tant tribunal he has since continued to serve with distinctive zeal and efficiency, he having been twice re-elected, and each time without opposition,
a noteworthy tribute and one that indicates the high estimate placed upon his ability and service in this responsible judicial office.
From the time of attaining to his legal majority Judge Bell has been a stalwart advocate and supporter of the principles and policies for which the democratic party stands sponsor, and in 1888-89 he represented Forsyth County in the Lower House of the State Legislature, in which he made an admirable record and in which he was assigned to various important com mittees, including those on judiciary, corporations, and ways an,d means. The judge is affiliated with Kappa Alpha College fraternity and he is an active and popular member of the Atlanta Athletic Club. Both he and his wife hold membership in the Methodist Episcopal Church, South.
On the 22d of November, 1881, was solemnized the marriage of Judge Bell to Miss Helena Jones, daughter of the late Thomas H. and Susan (Hoyle) Jones, of Norcross, Gwinnett County, and they have four children: Louise, Clarence, Jennie Sue, and George L., Jr.

CHARLES REDDING GWYN. Cashier of the Bank of Zebulon since its organ ization, Mr. Gwyn has not only been an individual factor of prominence in commercial affairs in Pike County, but is related to families which have been prominent in this section of Georgia from the early days. Mr. Gwyn is a grandson of Dr. Charles Frederick Redding, who was born in Monroe County, Georgia, August 27, 1825, but spent many years in Zebulon, where he died in 1899, and was a man of such character and influence as to deserve special mention in a history of Georgia. His parents were John and Martha (Dozier) Redding, of Monroe County, Georgia. Doctor Redding secured a common school education and afterwards attended medical college at Augusta. He was one of the first if not a charter member of the Georgia State Medical Association. After gaining his education he removed from Monroe County to Pike County in 1846, and spent many years of useful service not only in his profession but in public affairs, and died in the fullness of years and honors at his home in Zebulon, April 17, 1899. As a democrat he served as clerk of the Superior Court of Pike County from 1862 to 1872 and was active in early military affairs, being adjutant in Company G of the Twenty-seventh Georgia Regiment. One of his important interests throughout life was his relations with the Methodist Church, and he was also a .member of the Masonic order. On October 29, 1848, at Zebulon, Doctor Redding married Mary Jane Temperance Mangham.
Mr. Gwyn through the marriage of his grandfather, Doctor Redding, to Miss Mangham, is also a great-grandson of Wiliy Eppison Mangham, who was likewise a prominent and honored citizen of Pike County and held important offices in the county and lived an exemplary and useful career. Widely known throughout this section of the state and affectionately known as "Uncle Wiliy" he was born in Putnam County, Georgia, January 9, 1805, a son of Willis Austin and Temperance (Brewer) Mangham. He grew up during the first quarter of the nineteenth century, gained a common school education, but equipped himself for work as a teacher, which he followed a number of years. Later he was a merchant and farmer. As one of the pioneers of Pike County,

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2133

he settled there about 1822, and lived at or near Zebulon untjl the date of his death in 1891. He was a democrat, and served as Ordinary of Pike County from 1844 to 1854. He was a very loyal and consistent member of the Baptist Church, and was one of its deacons. In Pike County, December 20, 1827, Wiliy E. Mangham married Malinda Mira Holmes, daughter of James C. and Rebecca (Pope) Holmes of Wilkes County, Georgia. Their only daughter, Mary Jane Temperance, married 'Dr. C. F. Redding as above stated, and she is now living at Zebulon, a venerable and lovable woman of eighty-four years. Doctor and Mrs. Redding had two children: "Wiliy M. Redding, who died in 1897, and.Rebecca Dozier (Redding) Gwyn, the latter the mother of Charles
Redding Gwyn. Charles Redding Gwyn was born at Zebulon, Georgia, April 2,1874, a son
of William 0. and Rebecca D. (Redding) Gwyn. His father served through out the Civil war and was a lieutenant in Company A of the Thirteenth Geor gia Regiment, and subsequently became prominent in public affairs. He was a native of Georgia, was a farmer by occupation, and served ten years as sheriff of Pike County. He was killed while performing his duties in that office by members of the notorious Delk gang on April 2, 1896.
Mr. Gwyn grew up in Pike County, and acquir-ed a liberal education, having graduated from Emory College in 1897. In April of the following year he was admitted to the bar, and forthwith took up active practice at Zebulon. For three years he served as court solicitor, and has also been clerk and treasurer of the city. For the past ten years, however, he has devoted his principal time and attention to the Bank of Zebulon, which was organized in 1905, with a capital stock of $15,000. Its first officers were: C. H. Humph rey, president; W. J. Franklin, vice president; and C. R. Gwyn, cashier. This is now one of the strongest banks of Pike County and in 1914 has a capital stock of $25,000 and surplus and undivided profits of $12,500, and deposits of about $65,000. At this time the president is W. J. Franklin, the vice presi dent P. M. Sullivan, and the cashier Mr. Gwyn, who has thus consecutively served in the office of cashier for ten years. The bank owns its own home, a substantial one-story brick building 20x50 feet.
Mr. Gwyn is serving as deacon and treasurer of the Zebulon Baptist Church. He was married November 26,1902, to Miss Bessie Floyd of Monroe County, Georgia, daughter of Walter B. Floyd, a farmer in that locality. Their three children are named Caroline, Charles Redding, Jr., and William Floyd. Mr. Gwyn takes much interest in fraternal affairs, is a past master of the Blue Lodge of Masons, a member of the Royal Arch Chapter, and is past chancellor of the Knights of Pythias. At the present time he is a trustee of the public schools. His principal diversion is found in farming, and he owns and operates an excellent place of 200 acres in Pike County. Besides his business as a banker he is local representative at Zebulon for several of the leading fire insurance companies.
ROBERT EDGAR HIGHTOWER. President of the Thomaston Cotton Mills, and vice president of the Aldora Cotton Mills, Robert Edgar Hightower is one of the prominent figures in the cotton industry of Western and Central Georgia, and has been instrumental in the development of several enterprises which have added to the wealth and prestige of the locality while contributing to his own financial strength and reputation. Mr. Hightower is a product of Upson County, and a member of the old and distinguished Hightower and Andrews families, which were founded in Georgia about 1780, coming hither from North Carolina.
James W. F. Hightower, the father of Robert Edgar Hightower, was born in Georgia, and prior to the outbreak of the war between the states became a large plantation holder and owner of many slaves. When that struggle came on he enlisted in Holloway's Grays, a noted organization of the army of the

2134

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

t

Confederacy, but subsequently secured a substitute, in order to organize Company B, of the famous cavalry division of Gen. Joe "Wheeler, with whose command he continued to serve during the remainder of the war, participating1 in many important engagements and establishing an excellent military record. When peace was declared he returned to planting, but much :of his fortune had been swept away by war's insatiable demands, and in 1870 he took up his residence at Thomaston, where he established a stock and mule market, which, under his able management, was developed into one of the largest enterprises of its kind in the state. He was known as one of the foremost business men of Upson County and rounded out a long and useful career, dying, respected and esteemed, in 1890. Mrs. Hightower, who.had been Louisiana'Virginia
Andrews, passed away in 1861
Robert Edgar Hightower was born on his father's plantation in Upson County, Georgia, April 1, 1864, and was a child of six years when brought to Thomaston. He enjoyed good educational advantages and attended fthe Robert E. Lee Institute and entered the general merchandise business, in which he was engaged for three years. He subsequently became agent for the M. & B. Railroad, at Thomaston, and in March, 1901, began his connection with the cotton industry, as treasurer of the Thomaston Cotton Mills, continuing in that capacity until March, 1911, when he was made president of that con
cern. As the director of the policies of this industry, as well as vice president and general manager of the Aldora Cotton Mills, which has offices at Thomaston and mills at Barnesville, Georgia, Mr. Hightower continues to occupy a leading position in the business world of Upson County, where his associates justly consider him a man of business judgment, foresight and great capacity.
Mr. Hightower was married February 9, 1887, to Miss Mattie Lou Harri son, of Thomaston, daughter of Hon. G. A. Harrison, president of Robert E. Lee Institute and one of the foremost educators of the state. To this union there have been born three sons: William Harrison, treasurer and a director of the Thomaston Cotton Mills, and a graduate of Georgia School of Tech nology; Robert Edgar, Jr., assistant treasurer and director in charge of the cotton purchasing department of the Thomaston Cotton Mills; and Julian Thompson, a graduate of Robert E. Lee Institute, who is in the Georgia School of Technology.

ALFRED HARVEY BLACK, M. D. The incumbent of an advanced position in the ranks of his profession by reason of the possession of superior natural attainments, aided by a comprehensive training and a thorough knowl edge of human nature, Dr. Alfred Harvey Black is firmly established in the confidence of the people of Thomaston and Upson County. Engaged in practice here since 1891, he has shown himself such a thorough master of his calling that he has been able to build up an excellent professional business, while as a citizen he has shown himself ready to do more than his share in
behalf of the public weal. Doctor Black was born in Sumpter County, Georgia, July 27, 1869, and is
a son of J. Harper and Sarah (Perdue) Black. His father, a native of Upson County, Georgia, was engaged in manufacturing here for many years and also held large farming interests, being one of the prominent and influential men of his community. After attending the public schools of his native county, Alfred Harvey Black enrolled as a student at the Southern Georgia Male and Female College, and was afterwards a student in Mercer University for two years. With this preparation he embarked upon a career as an educator, and for several years taught in the public schools of Surnpter County, but he had not given up his ambition to enter the profession of medicine, and after some private study entered Tulane University as a student in the medical department. Graduated with the degree of Doctor of Medicine April 1, 1891, Doctor Black came to Thomaston and opened an office. He

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS '

2135

experienced the usual difficulties which face the young physician endeavoring to gain a foothold, but his talents and undoubted ability soon attracted patients to him, and as the years have passed he has built up a large and important practice. He has various connections with the organizations of his profession, belonging to the Georgia Medical Society, the Sixth District Medical Society, the Southern Medical Association and the American Medical Association, and his standing among his fellow-practitioners is 'that of a physician who respects the highest ethics of the calling. Unlike many others, he did not give up his research and investigation when he left college halls, but has been a close and careful student, and at various times has taken post graduate work at New York and in other localities. He has been successful in a material way, also, and has shown his faith in the future of this section of Georgia by investing his capital in farm lands and other real estate interests. Doctor Black has continued to maintain a helpful interest in the work to which his young manhood was given, as evidenced by his being president of the Upson County Teachers Association and a trustee of Robert E. Lee Insti tute. With his family, he belongs to the Methodist Episcopal Church, and is a member and chairman of the board of trustees.
Doctor Black was married to Miss Mary Cato, of Sumpter County, Georgia, September 16, 1888, she being a daughter of Dr. J. F. Cato, for many years a practicing physician and surgeon of Sumpter County. Two children have been born to Doctor and Mrs. Black: Mary W., and Kathleen, the latter of whom is still attending school.
JUDGE JOHN A. CUTHBERT, of Georgia, and later of Alabama, was born at Savannah, Georgia, June 3, 1788, and died on Mon Louis Island, near the City of Mobile, on September 22, 1882, ninety-four years old. A member of the Sixteenth Congress from Georgia, he lived to be the oldest surviving member of the National House of Representatives in the United States. He graduated at Princeton University in 1805, and was the last survivor of that class.
Judge Cuthbert entered the legal profession at his majority and com menced practice at Eatonton. Later he moved to Liberty County, and for many years represented that county in the General Assembly, either in the Senate or in the House. In 1819 he was elected a representative to the Six teenth Congress. The position which he had attained by this time in Georgia may best be evidenced by the fact that he was put forward by his party as the opponent of the celebrated John Forsyth for the United States Senate. The vote was 'a tie, and it was only the next day that Forsyth's friends were able to secure his election by bringing in the odd man necessary. In the feud between Clarke and Troup which agitated Georgia for twenty-five years, Judge Cuthbert was friendly to the Clarke faction, and the domination of the Troup faction between 1823 and 1833 prevented his election to the United States Senate. He was a brilliant political writer, and after two moves, first to Forsyth and then to Milledgeville, he became the editor of the Federal Union, between 1830 and 1835. In 1837 he moved to Alabama and settled at Mobile. He practiced his profession there quietly until 1840, when he was elected by the General Assembly of Alabama judge of the court of Mobile, and in 1852 was appointed by the governor judge of the Circuit Court of the same county. After retiring from the bench, he continued in the active practice of his profession until his death in 1881 or 1882.
PROP. JOSEPH T. DERRY was born in Milledgeville, Baldwin County, Georgia, December 13, 1841, in which county and Putnam he -resided until nine years of age, when the family moved to Charleston, South Carolina, and then after two years to Augusta, Georgia. Educated chiefly in the private schools of Augusta and the venerable Academy of Richmond County,

2136

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

he then passed through Emory College, Oxford, graduating in 1860. In April of the following year he enlisted as a private in the Confederate Army.
He left Augusta with the Oglethorpe Infantry, which became Company D of the First Regiment of Georgia Volunteers and served during the fol lowing year in the Virginia campaign. At the expiration of his term of service he re-enlisted in the Twelfth Georgia Artillery. He was captured at Kenesaw Mountain, Tennessee, in 1864 and held a prisoner of war at Chicago until June, 1865.
Since his return to Augusta, Georgia, in the fall of 1865, Professor Derry has become well known as an educator and an author. He was principal of Houghton Institute, Augusta, Georgia, 1866 to 1868; principal of a select classical school, 1868 to 1870, and in this year the degree of Master of Arts was conferred upon him by Emory College; from 1870 to 1879 he was associate principal of Richmond Academy, and. from 1879 to 1896 he was professor of languages in Wesleyan Female College? Macon, Georgia. From this time he was engaged in Atlanta in conducting a select school until the year 1900. Thus for thirty-five years he was continuously employed in some of the best educational institutions of Georgia.
His prominent literary activities began amidst his professional duties soon after the Civil war closed. First from his pen came, in 1876, Derry's History of the United States (Catechetical); "A Guide to Georgia" in 1878;
in 1880, a larger, improved history of the United States in narrative form; "The Story of the Confederate States;" specific articles for the Century Magazine, the Eycyclopedia Americana, and the Confederate History of
Georgia as one of the twelve volumes of the extensive work entitled Confed erate Military History, 1898, of which Gen. Clement A. Evans was author and editor; in 1900, with Hon. R. F. Wright, "Georgia Historical and Industrial;" in 1904, "Georgia's Resources and Advantages;" "The Strife of Brothers."

HENRY HARRISON BIRDSONG. In the general insurance field of Georgia, and particularly in the line of fire indemnity, Henry Harrison Birdsong has established a substantial position for himself, and since 1907 has developed one of the leading agencies of Upson County, located at Thomaston. Still a young man, during his career he has been engaged in a number of pursuits, but until entering his present line of business had not found his proper groove.
Mr. Birdsong is a product of the farm, born on his father's homestead in Upson County, Georgia, October 5, 1884, a son of Henry F. and Nannie E. (Smith) Birdsong. His father, born in Virginia, was brought as a lad to Georgia, and was eighteen years of age when he -enlisted as a private in Com pany B, Burnet's Battalion, for service in the Confederate army, which company had been organized at Thomaston by his father. Henry F. Birdsong passed his entire active career in agricultural pursuits in Upson County, and became a substantial farmer and highly esteemed citizen.
After attending the public schools of Upson County, Henry H. Birdsong took a course in Robert E. Lee Institute, and began his business career as a clerk in a general store at Thomaston. After a few years he entered the employ of a cotton company, with which he served as buyer for three years, and in 1907 entered the insurance business, in which he has continued with a constantly-growing clientele. While he handles insurance of all kinds, he has made a specialty of fire insurance, and is now representing the leading old line companies of the South. Mr. Birdsong is well and favorably known in busi ness circles, and also in fraternal affairs, being a member of the Knights of Pythias and Odd Fellows lodges at Thomaston.
FRANK ORME, One of the native sons of Atlanta who has here found ample scope for the exercise of his excellent initiative, constructive and

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2137

executive powers and who has been the most influential factor in the upbuild ing of a substantial and important business enterprise of benignant order and wide ramifications, is Frank Orme, who is secretary and treasurer of the Southern States Life Insurance Company, of which he has the distinction of having been the organizer. He is a vigorous and progressive man of affairs and through his able efforts and those of his associates the company of whichhe is an executive has been developed into one of the most important corpora
tions of its kind in the South. Mr. Orme was born in Atlanta on the 2d of August, 1870, and is a son
of Dr. Francis Hodgson Orme and Ellen Vail (Woodward) Orme; the former
of whom was born at Dauphin, Pennsylvania, and the latter at Bluffton, South
Carolina. It is pleasing to note that on the paternal side Mr. Orme is a direct descendant, in the fifth generation, of the distinguished Dr. Joseph Priestly,
the discoverer of oxygen gas, and that his great-grandfather, Col. Archibald
Orme, was a gallant soldier and officer of the Continental Line in the War of the Revolution, in which conflict he served as colonel of a Maryland regi ment. Capt. William Pope, one of the great-grandfathers of Mr. Orme in the maternal line, was likewise a Revolutionary soldier, having been a member of General Marion's command in South Carolina. The father of Mr. Orme lent his quota to the military honors of the family by his gallant service as a soldier of the Confederacy in the Civil war.
In June, 1886, Frank Orme was graduated in the Boys' High School of Atlanta, and in pursuance of further educational discipline he entered the famous Virginia Military Institute, at Lexington, in which institution he was
graduated in July, 1890. Returning to Atlanta, Mr. Orme here initiated his business career by assuming a position with the Maddox-Rucker Banking Com
pany, and with this company, the bank of which later became reorganized to
constitute the present American National Bank, he rose to the position of assistant cashier, and office of which he continued the incumbent until 1905,
when he resigned. In the early part of the following year Mr. Orme effected the organization of the Southern States Life Insurance Company, and from the time of its incorporation he has served as secretary and treasurer, as well
as a member of its directorate. The business of the company, ably managed and on a most substantial basis, has now reached large volume, and the com pany offers to patrons the best of indemnity upon favorable terms. Mr. Orme is also first vice president and a director of the Realty Trust Company of
Atlanta, and is one of the ambitious and alert business men of the younger generation in his native city.
Mr. Orme gives unqualified allegiance to the democratic party, is a mem ber of the Capital City Club and the Piedmont Driving Club, and is affiliated with the Society of the Sons of the American Revolution and with the Kappa
Alpha college fraternity. The general offices of the Southern States Insurance
Company are in the Candler Building, and the residence of Mr. Orme is at 510 North Jackson Street.
On April 28, 1909, was solemnized the marriage of Mr; Orme to Mrs.
Mary (Phillips) Tolbert, and they have three daughters Mark, Mary Phillips and Nancy.

WILLIAM REESE PHILLIPS. For two decades before the war and for many years afterwards, William Reese Phillips was a prominent Georgian, active in public affairs, as a merchant and manufacturer, and well known in banking and other business interests at Atlanta from the close of the war until his death.
He was born at LaGrange, Georgia, June 24,1818, spent his boyhood there and prepared for a business career. From there he moved to Griffin, where he became prosperous and prominent in the social and political life of the community, serving for six years as mayor of Griffin. He is mentioned as one

2138

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

of the early settlers of Spanieling County in White's Historical Collections
of Georgia. Two years before the war in 1859 he moved to.Savannah and engaged in
the cotton business. During the war he owned the Newton Manufacturing Company, two cotton factories, the Okmulgee Manufacturing Company and the Heard County_ Mills, and these furnished large supplies for the Con
federate government. Mr. Phillips died at Atlanta, December 22, 1890. Several years before
his death he had retired from active business, but for nearly a quarter of a century was one of the vital factors in Atlanta's growth and development. He was one of the original members of the board of directors of the Atlanta
National Bank when it began business in 1865. Mr. Phillips was married in 1843 to Miss Mary Sanford Johnson. They
le,ft a large family of children and many of their descendants are among the
well, known people of Georgia.

JOHN NEWTON MCEACHERN. President of the Industrial Life and Health Insurance Company of Atlanta, one of the leading insurance companies of the South, Mr. McEachern in ability and by practical achievements is a leader in the field of insurance, and that he is a man of striking originality and inde pendence of judgment and action is well indicated in the fact that twenty-five years ago he came from a farm; worked as a solicitor in insurance, and in a short time conceived and laid the foundation for the great company over which he now presides. Mr. McEachern spent his early life as a farmer,us a man with country as well as city sympathies, and during his residence at Atlanta has taken a prominent part in educational and religious affairs.
John N. McEachern was born in Cobb County, Georgia, April 9, 1853, a son of David N. and Esther M. A. (White) McEachern. On both sides his family are Southern people, and were represented in a sterling citizenship which identified itself with the Confederacy. His father, who was descended from the Scotch people who settled and gave the peculiar vigor of their na tional character to so many sections of the Carolinas, was born in Cabarrus County, North Carolina, in 1814, grew up and was trained as a farmer, finally moved to Georgia, and spent his last years in Cobb County. During the war President Davis appointed him a commissioner to look after the interests of the wives and widows of the Confederate soldiers of Cobb County. Esther (White) McEachern who was also born in Cabarrus County, North Carolina, in 1817, had a brother, Wilkes W. White, who organized a company in Mari etta as a part of. the Seventh Georgia Infantry, of which regiment Captain
White rose to be colonel. On account of a severe wound in one of the seven days' battles around Richmond he was compelled to retire from active service.
John Newton McEachern grew up in Cobb County, attended the public schools, and began life-as a farmer. In that location he displayed the indus,try and energy which have characterized his career in the insurance field, but it was largely a matter of economic circumstances that prevented him from attaining a satisfying success. As is well known the conditions during the latter part of the last century were peculiarly unfavorable to southern farm ers, and against these circumstances no amount of industry could fully
prevail. With only a very moderate success as a- farmer to his credit, Mr. McEach
ern in 1889 determined to change his vocation entirely. Coming to Atlanta, he became a solicitor for a 'Baltimore insurance company. It was a happy choice, and brought out the strongest qualities of the man. For two years he sold insurance, acquired a working knowledge of the insurance business, and made a thorough study of conditions in that department of business. His observations confirmed his judgment that Atlanta and Georgia should'have ian industrial company of its own. With extremely limited capital, but with

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2139

the enthusiasm and persistence which all his friends now recognize and esteem,
Mr. McEachern in 1891 organized the Industrial Life and Health Insurance Company of Atlanta. During the first year a total of 734 policies were writ ten. Measured as a beginning, that was a satisfactory aggregate, but in sub sequent years the business has grown not by addition but by multiplication,
and twenty years later Mr. McEachern as president of the company had the satisfaction of seeing fully 200,000 policies in force. 'The Industrial Life and Health Company has already gained a secure status as one of the fore most of southern insurance companies and in stability, resources, and ade
quate service it is one of the best organizations in the country. Mr. McEach ern, though more than a quarter of a century ago he withdrew from the tfarm to a business more adaptable for his talents, has always retained an interest in rural life, and has some extensive agricultural property in his native county.
Mr. McEachern is one of the stanch democrats, though less concerned with state and national politics than with good government in his home city. As a resident of the seventh ward he has represented that district in the city council, and has also served on the Atlanta police board. He takes a very active interest in religious and philanthropic affairs, is a steward in the Park Street Methodist Episcopal Church, South, a director in the "Wesley Memorial Hospital, and in various enterprises conducted under the auspices of the "Wesley Memorial Church. He is a trustee of the Young Harris College and of the Murrayville Institute. To the full measure of his opportunities and his influence he has in every possible way sought to extend the munificent influence of public education over the state, and his interest in education and philanthropy is one of the tests by which a splendid citizenship can be meas ured. Mr. McEachern is also affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Junior Order of American Mechanics and several of the Masonic bodies. He is a member of the Atlanta Club and the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce.
September 30, 1896, Mr. McEachern married Miss Lula C. Dobbs", daugh ter of Ransom and Vesta (Dupee) Dobbs of Cobb County. Their three children are Elizabeth Florine, John Newton and Lula Christine McEachern.

SHEPARD BRYAN. Engaged in the active practice of his profession in the City of Atlanta since 1893, Mr. Bryan has gained distinctive prestige as one of the successful,. influential and representative members of the bar of Georgia's metropolis and capital city, and the estimate placed upon him by his professional confreres is indicated by the fact that he was president of the Atlanta Bar Association for the year 1915. In the control of a large and important law business he is associated with Lee M. Jordan'and Grover Middlebrooks, as senior member of the firm of Bryan, Jordan and Middle-
brooks. Mr. Bryan was born at New Berne, the judicial center of Craven County,
North Carolina, on the 8th of December, 1871, and is a son of Judge Henry R. Bryan, who still lives in that city, where he was born in the year 1836, and who has long been one of the prominent and honored lawyers and jurists of that historic commonwealth, his father, Hon. John H. Bryan, having likewise been an eminent member of the bar of North Carolina, in which state he passed his entire life, having followed the activities of his profession both at New Berne and at Raleigh, the capital of the state, and having, as a whig, represented North Carolina in the United States Congress from 1825 to 1829. His uncle, the late Hon. William Shepard Bryan, of Baltimore, was judge of the Maryland Court of Appeals for sixteen years, and the latter's son, the
late William Shepard Bryan, Jr., who died before he had attained to the age of fifij years, was likewise a distinguished member of the Maryland bar and served as attorney general of that state. It will thus be seen that representa-

2140

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

tives of the Bryan family have lent much of distinction and dignity to the history of American jurisprudence, by virtue of integrity of character, high attainments and effective services. The maiden name of the mother of him whose name initiates this article was Mary Biddle Norcott, and she likewise is a representative of an old and influential North Carolina family. She is a woman of most gracious presence and gentle personality and has long been a popular figure in the representative social life of her home community.
Shepard Bryaii acquired his early education in his native town and then entered upon a course of higher academic discipline by entering the Uni versity of North Carolina, in which institution he was graduated as a member of the class of 1891 and from which he received the degree of Bachelor of Arts. Thereafter he was a student in the law department of the same uni versity and in 1892 he was admitted to the bar of his native state. On the 19th of January of the following year, he established his residence in the City of Atlanta, Georgia, where he has since been engaged in active general practice and where his success has been of unequivocal order on a parity with his excellent professional attainments and his earnest devotion to his exacting vocation, as a representative of which he is well upholding the high prestige of the name which he bears. He has taken a lively and loyal interest* in the general activities of the Atlanta Bar Association, which is an acknowl edged conservator of high professional ideals. -He is identified also with the Georgia State Bar Association, of which he has served as vice president, and is now chairman of its executive committee, and holds membership in the American Bar Association. Mr. Bryan served on the military staff of Gov ernor Terrell, with'the rank of lieutenant colonel. He is broad-minded, pro gressive and public-spirited in his civic attitude, is a valued member of the Capital City Club and the Piedmont Driving Club of Atlanta, besides which he is affiliated with the Masonic fraternity, the Knights of Pythias- and the Alpha Tau Omega college fraternity, of which he was formerly worthy high chancellor, and he is identified with the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce, as a member in full sympathy with its high civic ideals and progressive policies.
Well fortified in his opinions concerning matters of economic and govern mental import, Mr. Bryan is unfaltering in his allegiance to the democratic party and has given effective service in the furtherance of its cause, notably during his incumbency of the office of president of the Young Men's Demo cratic League of Fulton County. He is eligible for membership in the Society of the Sons of the American Revolution, his mother being a descendant of Gen. John Simpson, a distinguished officer of the patriot forces in the War of the Revolution, and she is a- descendant also of Roger Clapp, who was one of the early settlers and builders of the City of Boston, Massachusetts. .
On the 14th of January, 1909, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Bryan to Miss Florence King Jackson, daughter of the late Henry Jackson, a promi nent lawyer and honored and influential citizen of Atlanta. Mrs. Bryan is a granddaughter of the late Gen. Henry R. Jackson, long a representative citizen of Savannah, and also of the late Gen. Thomas R. R. Cobb, of Athens, this state, both of whom were distinguished officers of the Confederacy in the Civil war. Mr. and Mrs. Bryan have three daughters Marion Cobb, Florence
Jackson, and Mary Norcott.
REV. WILLIAM FLETCHER QUILLIAN. With its membership of millions of earnest, conscientious, God fearing people, that great religious power known as Methodism, has won its place as a world religion. The old story of its simple beginning is inspiring, and the record of its phenomenal growth testifies to the human needs it has satisfied. Go where one will, even to remote corners of the earth and even there will be found the Methodist preacher. With no weapon but the peaceful banner of his faith, he has faced and' con quered armies of both moral and physical enemies and has steadily pointed

1843-1905 Photograph furnished by his youngest son, Dr. Gamett W. Quillian

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2141

the way into paths of righteousness. From the time when the disciples of Wesley first carried the faith across the sea and joined the pioneer forces that were advancing civilization to the uttermost sections of the United States, Methodism has been in the forefront, an irresistable force in the country for the. revolutionizing of mankind and turning him from evil doing.
The most comprehensive annals have never half told the tale of the work and worth 'of the early Methodist preachers, nor can any memoir do full justice to those who succeeded them in their task. Volumes might be filled with true incidents showing their fervent faith, their zeal, devotion and self denial that would be as absorbing in interest as any romance ever penned by a master hand. Methodism in Georgia has called to its ministry manymen rarely gifted, and one of these, whose soundness of religion and innate goodness left a lasting impress on his day and generation, and who was well known over the state and universally beloved, was the late William Fletcher Quillian, whose long and useful ministry covered almost forty years.
William F. Quillian was born August 7, 1843, in the old homestead of his parents, now in the Town of Leo, White County, Georgia, in the foothills of the Blue Ridge mountains. He was of Christian parentage, his ancestors for generations having been consistent members of the Methodist Church. His father, Osborne Phillips Quillian, was born in White County, Georgia, June 15, 1816, and died March 23,1878, and he was laid to rest in the Mossy Creek churchyard, in White County. His mother, Jane (Williams) Quillian, was born in White County, Georgia, April 20,1820, and this remarkable lady yet survives. Although in her ninety-sixth year, her bodily activity is but little restricted and her mental faculties remain unimpaired. She is a ten derly cared for member of her only surviving daughter's family, Mrs. L. F. Finger, at Gainesville, Georgia. On November 15, 1838, Osborne Phillips Quillian and Jane Williams were united in marriage and twelve children were born to them, eight sons and four daughters. The family record reads thus: Sarah Melinda, James Headers, William Fletcher, George Knox, Asbury Chappel, Harwell Parks, Martha Jane, Mary Elizabeth, Osborne Benson and Barney Milligan, twins, and John Wiley and Julia Ann. All the sons chose professional careers, four becoming preachers and two others dying before like intentions were carried out; the three others, surviving, being Harwell, who is a physician at Winder, Georgia; Asbury, a dental surgeon at Athens; and Wiley who is a minister, and a member of the North Georgia Conference. Mrs. Martha Finger is the only surviving daughter.
William F. Quillian was reared in a comfortable, refined, Christian home, where hospitality was one of the first laws and which was ever a place of cordial welcome to ministers of the gospel. A peaceful, religious atmosphere surrounded him in childhood and that he was early susceptible to it was evi denced by an experience he had when not more than five years old, one to which he very often reverently referred. His mother's pious influence was strong over him and it was not unusual for him to see her bowed in prayer, but on this certain occasion his spirit and hers seemed to be in complete unity and he never forgot the sense of peace and joy that overwhelmed him as if in answer to her prayer that he might become a good and useful man, and sealed the petition with her tears. In after years when he knelt at the altar at the Mossy Creek campground and intelligently accepted Christ as his personal Savior, he again experienced that same peace and joy that had fallen as a* benediction on him in childhood.
Before William F. Quillian reached the age of manhood, in fact when but eighteen years of age, the fearful conflict of the war between the states fell upon the land, and with the manly courage which marked many times of crisis in his life, he went forth to battle and for four years fought bravely for the cause of the Confederacy. He went where he felt duty called him and in its performance received at one time a painful wound in his left leg. There

2142

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

is no doubt but that he was a brave soldier but so little did personal feelings of enmity enter his heart that he often expressed himself, in after years, as glad that he never knew for a certainty that his bullets ever found a mark.
At the close of the war he returned home practically penniless. Because of the unsettled condition of the South at that time there was no chance for him to complete his interrupted education but he was familiar enough with the rudiments to enable him to teach school and his natural optimism gave him courage to look forward to better days. It was not long, however, before he recognized a call to preach and he applied for admission on trial in the traveling ministry, at the session of the North Georgia Conference, held in Atlanta, November 27 io December 2, 1867. In those days the law of the church allowed a young preacher to take two years of the prescribed course of study in one, if so inclined, and Mr. Quillian, although traveling a hard moun tain circuit, undertook the task and successfully passed the examinations. Accordingly he was ordained a deacon by Bishop Robert Paine, in 1868, at Griffin, Georgia, and at Augusta, in 1870 was ordained an elder. He was strong in faith and prayer and scores Avere converted to God as the result of his preaching. Twelve years later, during his pastorate at Asbury Church, Augusta, he entered the medical college there and was graduated with honor, carrying on successfully at the same time the work of a growing church.
Doctor Quillian's long and useful ministry covered the following appoint ments : Lumpkin Circuit, 1868; Lincolnton Circuit, 1869 and 1870; Homer Cir cuit, 1871; Dahlonega, 1872; Broad River, 1873 and 1874; Oarrollton, 1875 and 1876; Paynes Chapel, Atlanta, 1877, 1878 and 1879; Livonia, 1880 and 1881; Asbury, Augusta, 1882 and 1883; presiding elder of the Dalton Dis trict, 1884, 1885 and 1886; First Church, Rome, 1887, 1888 and 1889; First Church, La Grange, 1890; St. James, Augusta, 1891 and 1892; Cartersville, 1893 and 1894; First Church, La Grange, 1895 and 1896; Grace Church, Atlanta, 1897 and 1898; Madison, 1899 and 1900; Gainesville, 1901 and 1902; and First Church, Dalton, 1903 and 1904.
No family in Georgia than the one to which the late Doctor Quillian be longed, has done more according to their means, for old Emory College. On June 4, 1897, Bishop Candler, then president of Emory College, received the following letter from Dr. William F. Quillian:
"To the Board of Trustees of Emory College: . "Desiring to promote the cause of Christian education and to advance the theological literature of Methodism, and believing that I can, most effectively, do this by laying the foundation of a lectureship at the college of my church,' located at Oxford, Ga., I give to Emory College fifty shares-of $10 each, of the capital stock of the Country Bank Stock Security Company (estimated to be worth $550, that amount I paid for the same), to be held or sold and rein vested by the board of trustees, for the purpose of founding a lectureship on the following conditions and plan :
'' This sum, together with any other amounts'which may be given by myself or others for this purpose, shall be safely invested and the interest added to the principal until the sum of $3,000 shall have been reached. But one course of the lectures may" be provided for at an earlier date by special dona tion, provided no part of the principal of this fund shall be thus used. Theret after the interest, together with any appropriations made to this fund from 'other sources, shall be used for the maintenance of a lectureship in Emory College. The lecturer shall be elected by the board of trustees upon the nomi"nation of the faculty, three names being submitted in nomination from among the ministers of the Methodist Episcopal Churches in the United States, pro vided, however, that in case this fund eventually yields an income of suffi cient amount to secure the services of a Methodist from any other part of the world, such person shall not be ineligible by reason of his residence. The lecturer shall be at liberty to choose his own subject or subjects within the

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2143

range of apologetical, doctrinal, exegetical, pastoral or historical theology. Upon the subject thus chosen he shall deliver a course of lectures (not less than six), before the faculty and students of Emory College at such time and place as the authorities of the college may designate. When delivered the manuscripts of the lectures shall become the property of Emory College, and
such profits as may arise from the publication of them shall be added to this fund, provided, however, if the principal sum of this fund shall ever reach
$25,000 said profits shall thereafter be added to the general endowment of the
college.
'' This I do for the glory of God, and as the beginning of what I hope in time will grow to large proportions through the liberality of. others desiring to promote the same ends which I have in view, and in laying this founda tion stone in this fund I invite benevolently disposed people to consider the immense good which has been accomplished by the 'Bampton Lectures' at Oxford University, and the 'Cunningham Lectures' of the Free Church Col
lege in Edinburgh.
U W. F. QUILLIAN." In his reply Bishop Candler took occasion to remark that he believed this the beginning of a great foundation, adding '' Out of a gift less in amount and I am sure no more surely consecrated, Rev. John Harvard laid the founda tion of Harvard College." Remembering that Doctor Quillian's income came entirely from his meager earnings as an itinerant preacher, the gift that ensured larger opportunity to those who would benefit was large indeed. On May 28, 1873, Rev. William F. Quillian was united in marriage with Miss Lucy Vail, of Elberton, Georgia, and they were permitted many years of happy and congenial companionship. They became the parents of five children: Sallie, who is now the wife of J. W. Jones, of Cartersville, Geor gia ; Willard Earl, who married Lauri Mae Cassilly, of St. Louis, Missouri; Osborne La'mar, who married Lelia Combs, of Nashville, Tennessee; William Fletcher who married Nonie Acree of Wrightsville, Georgia; and Garnett Wiley, who married Rosalie Beacham of Spartanburg, South Carolina, the last named being a prominent physician and surgeon of Atlanta. In addi tion to- carefully and lovingly rearing his own family and affording them every advantage within his power, Doctor Quillian was, for many years a father and counselor to the seven children left dependent by the death of his brother George. His children look back on a happy home life, their parents ever tender and loving the father being of so equable a disposition that they can not recall his ever exhibiting a trace of ill temper or faultfinding. In 1898 the parents celebrated the occasion of their twenty-fifth anniversary. On November 1, 1905, the beloved husband and father passed into eternal rest, his death being the first broken link in the family chain. His wife, Mrs. Lucy Vail Quillian is still living and in excellent health, residing with her son in Atlanta.
In the beautiful words of Bishop Warren A. Candler, of Atlanta, this record may be brought to a close although incomplete. Bishop Candler's eulogy was, in part, as follows: "William F. Quillian had a higher claim than mere greatness can make upon the esteem of men. He was thoroughly good. His goodness was not any natural product of an amiable temperament alone; he had the goodness of godliness, the supernatural goodness of the life that is hid with Christ in God. He was a man of faith and prayer. He believed God's Word and was a mighty man in the scriptures. He belonged to that unsensational, unworldly and unselfish type of old-fashioned preachers of the gospel who command universal confidence, win the souls of sinners, and build up the church of God. Without such the church would perish. Showy declaimers can be spared, adventurous and speculative minds are not required, noisy and passionate spirits can be dispensed with but these calm, clean, reli able men, full of faith and love, in connection with whom people find it next to
Vol. IV-20

2144

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

impossible to conceive an impropriety of speech or an irregularity of life by such men the church of God lives and wins its victories. Such a man was Wil liam F. Quillian. He was so good that those most intimate with him and those most inimical to him (if any were inimical) can not now recall, at the close of his protracted ministry, a blemish upon his character. Gentle and courage ous, provident and generous, loving good and abhoring evil, blessing men and serving God, he lived beyond three-score years and at his death left his family and friends nothing to lament except his departure.''

GAENETT WILEY QUILLIAN, M. D. There has never been a time in the his tory of the healing art when the achievements of medicine and surgery have been so phenomenal and at no time have men of medical knowledge and of surgical skill been of so recognized importance in the world. His acquire ments though, to justify a medical man's eminence, must be solid, thorough and scientific. Beyond all others, in any calling, he must be informed, alert and discerning and be prepared to meet every emergency, presented to him professionally, with modern scientific methods. In the great body of wellmeaning, conscientious medical men of the South, few can be named that are so well qualified for the most advanced professional practice as is Dr. Garnett W. Quillian, physician and surgeon, at Atlanta.
Garnett "Wiley Quillian, notwithstanding his professional prominence, is yet a young man. He was born at Augusta, Georgia, May 11, 1884, and is the youngest son of the late Dr. William F. Quillian, a graduate in medicine and for many years a noted minister in the Methodist Episcopal Church in Georgia. Extended mention of Rev. William F. Quillian will be found in preceding sketch.
Reared in a refined and cultured home, with an environment that stimu lated him intellectually, Garnett W. Quillian was well prepared when he became a student in Emory College, Georgia, from which he was creditably graduated in 1904, bearing away with him two gold medals for scholarship, one won in his freshman and.the other in his sophomore year. Although at the time of graduation he had commenced the study of medicine, he found it expedient to defer, for a time, his ambition in that direction, hence, for three years he engaged in educational work and was president of Warthen College, at Wrightsville, Georgia. On retiring from that field, while continu ing his medical studies, he was engaged for three years as a -reporter on the Atlanta Constitution, showing adaptability in the field of journalism and ver satility in many directions. In 1906 he found himself ready to devote all his attention to his medical studies, entering then the Atlanta College of Physi cians and Surgeons, from which institution he was graduated in 1909. Dur ing the two succeeding years he served as an interne in the Grady Hospital at Atlanta, and at present is visiting gynecologist at that hospital, having the distinction of being the youngest man who has ever served on the visiting staff of that notable institution, to which only men of professional eminence are admitted.
Since 1911 Doctor Quillian has devoted himself to a heavy practice, at Atlanta, making a specialty of the diseases of women and also of abdominal surgery. He is also a member of the surgical staff of the Florence Crittenden Home, in this city. Since completing his regular medical course, Doctor Quil lian has taken advantage of opportunities for more extended knowledge and practice, in post graduate courses in the New York Polyclinic, the Johns Hopkins' Hospital, of Baltimore, Maryland, the Chicago Post Graduate School and also has been a student under the famous Mayo Brothers, at Rochester, Minne sota. Doctor Quillian is valued as a member of the county and state medical societies and belongs also to the Southern Medical Association and the Ameri can Medical Association. His life, crowded as it is with activity, is useful in every direction. Reared in the Methodist Episcopal faith, cradled as it were,

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2145

in the same, for many generations of staunch Methodists are behind him in his ancestry, he has long been very active as a member of Trinity Church, Atlanta, serving as one of its stewards and for five years was teacher of the Young Women's Bible Class in this church.
On January 31, 1912, Doctor Quillian was united in marriage with Miss Rosalie Beacham, who was born at Spartansburg, South Carolina. Mrs. Quil lian is a graduate of Converse College of that city. Doctor and Mrs. Quillian have one daughter, Rose, who was born November 20, 1912.
In political life, Doctor Quillian has never been very active, although pub lic affairs always claim his interest and, when they concern Atlanta he is ever ready to co-operate with other earnest citizens in movements for the public good. In his busy life he has found no time for fraternal memberships beyond his old college attachments, which are preserved, his name still appearing on the roster of the Alpha Tau .Omega, and the Chi Zeta CM organizations. Doctor Quillian's acquirements may, reasonably be expected to include author ship, the first published work of his pen, a memorial volume in honor of his late father, showing an easy flow of language and a pleasing presentation of facts. This work of filial love and reverent remembrance, covering more than 300 pages, was published in 1907, and not only does it recall the life and serv ices of one of Georgia's beloved and influential men, but it covers a very inter esting period in the state's history. He is the author also of several scientific papers, treating with surgical subjects, and being published in the most influ ential medical publications of America.

BBIG.-GEN. WILLIAM R. BOGGS was a native of Georgia, born in 1829. In 1849 he secured an appointment to the United States Military Academy at West Point, and was graduated four years later as a brevet second lieutenant in the Topographical Engineers. After serving on artillery duty at the acad emy, in 1853, he was placed in the Topographical Bureau of the Pacific Rail road Surveys, and later transferred to the Ordnance Corps. He was made second lieutenant of Ordnance in 1854, and first lieutenant in 1856. During the latter part of the '50s he was stationed in Louisiana and Texas, and while on duty in Texas participated in the combat with Cortina's Mexican marauders near Fort Brown in 1859. .
Upon the secession of Georgia, like a majority of the southern officers, he resigned his commission in the United States army and tendered his services to the Confederacy, being appointed a captain of the Corps of Engineers. He was first stationed in Charleston, South Carolina. Early in March, 1861, upon the call of the governor of Georgia, Captain Boggs and Major Whiting were sent to Savannah, and General Beauregard, regretting the loss of what he termed ''two most reliable and efficient officers," earnestly requested their immediate return or the assignment of others of equal ability. In April Captain Boggs was sent to Pensacola, where General Bragg was in command. His special skill in mounting artillery on fortifications was highly praised by both Generals Beauregard and Bragg. In the operations around Pensacola, resulting in a fight on Santa Rosa Island, General Bragg accorded special credit to Captain Boggs for the "close reconnoissances on which the expedi tion was based, and the secret and complete organization which insured its success." In October, 1861, General Bragg wrote to President Davis in Richmond, mentioning Captain Boggs among others as a capable man for appointment to the rank of brigadier-general. This recommendation was not immediately acted on, and on December 21st Captain Boggs resigned his position in the Confederate army and accepted that of chief engineer for the State of Georgia. However, at the special .request of General Pemberton, he acted under the order of that officer at various points in Georgia and Florida. His merits appeared at last to have reached in an effective way the ears of the authorities in Richmond, and finally, on December 4, 1862, he was

2146

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

commissioned brigadier-general and ordered to the Trans-Mississippi Depart
ment as chief of staff of Gen. E. Kirby Smith, in which position he served until the close of the war.
After the war he first settled in Savannah and followed the occupation of architect. From 1868 to 1870 he served as chief engineer of the Lexington and St. Louis Railroad. He then became professor of mechanics and draw ing in the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College, known as Virginia Polytechnic Institute, at Blacksburg, Virginia, where he remained until 1875,
when he settled in Winston, .North Carolina, where the remainder of his life was spent.

CHARLES DOUGHERTY was a native Georgian, born in Oglethorpe County
about the beginning of the nineteenth century. He was one of three brothers, all noted lawyers of the state. Charles practiced law at Athens, and served
as judge of the Western Circuit. Judge Dougherty died at Athens about 1854, and the county in the southwestern part of the state is named in his honor.

LAWTON NALLEY. With all of consistency, as determined by character and achievement, there is to be ascribed to Mr. Nalley a position of marked rela tive prominence as one of the able, honored and representative members of the bar of the capital city and metropolis of Georgia, where he has been engaged in the active general practice of his profession since 1903 and where he maintains his offices in suite 408-10 Connolly Building. Controlling a substantial and important law business in Atlanta, he is not only honoring his native state through his services in his exacting profession, but is also fur thering its industrial and material progress and prestige through his active identification with agricultural enterprise, as the owner of a fine landed estate in Douglas County, and through his association with progressive civic activities in the City of Atlanta, where he is a valued member of the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce and in full accord with its ideals and vigorous policies.
Mr. Nalley was born near Villa Rica, Carroll County, Georgia, on the 29th of November, 1882, and is a son of William H. and Louisa (Willoughby) Nalley, the former of whom likewise was born at Villa Rica, a representative of a sterling old family of Carroll County, and the latter of whom was born in Falmouth, England. The Nalley family is of staunch English, Scotch and Irish lineage and found representation in America in the colonial era of our
national history.
William H. Nalley was a gallant soldier of the Confederacy in the Civil war, in which he served in the Western Division of the Confedejate forces, and was captured at the siege of Vicksburg. He was long numbered among the representative men of affairs and influential citizens in his native county and was the owner of extensive landed interests in Georgia. He was sum moned to the life eternal on the 14th of April, 1910, and his widow resided in the City of Atlanta until her death, March 31, 1916.
Lawton Nalley was afforded excellent advantages in the obtaining of his academic or literary education, and in preparation for his chosen profession he entered the law department of the historic University of Virginia, at Charlottesville, where he completed the prescribed curriculum and was grad uated as a member of the class of 1903. Soon after receiving his degree of Bachelor of Laws he returned to Georgia and was duly admitted to the bar of his native state. He entered forthwith upon the practice of his profession at Dalton, Georgia, and removed to Atlanta July 10, 1906, where his person ality, technical versatility and resourcefulness as a lawyer and his close appli
cation have given him secure vantage-place as one of the leading younger
members of the Georgia bar. Mr. Nalley gained fellowship in a practical way with the great basic

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2147

industry of agriculture during the period of his boyhood and youth, and it has been a matter of much satisfaction to him that he has been able to con tinue his allegiance to the same. He is the owner of a valuable landed estate in Douglas County, where his plantations are considered among the best and most prosperous in the state. He has been associated in a capitalistic and executive way with various other lines of business enterprise, and is essentially one of the loyal, progressive and public-spirited young men of his native commonwealth. Though a stalwart in the camp of the democratic party and active in the promotion of its cause, Mr. Nalley has thus far evinced no ambition for political preferment. He is vice president of the Atlanta Bar Association in 1915, and is identified also with the Fulton County Bar Asso ciation and the Georgia State Bar Association. He is affiliated in Atlanta with the lodges of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Inde pendent Order of Odd Fellows and the Knights of Pythias.
June 17, 1908, recorded the marriage of Mr. Nalley to Miss Rena Bailey, daughter of Thomas Bailey, a prominent wholesale merchant of Charlottesville, Virginia. They have one child, a daughter, Elizabeth Ashton Nalley.
REV. EDWARD H. BARNETT, D. D. A man of fine intellectuality and ex alted ideals, the late Dr. Edward Hammet Barnett consecrated his splendid powers to the service of the Divine Master and to the aiding and uplifting of his fellow men. He labored with steadfast zeal in the work of his high calling, in which he gained marked distinction, and his influence, ever widening in its ' angle, was at all times benignant and fruitful. He became one of the leading clergymen of the Presbyterian Church in the South, was widely known as a pulpit orator of great ability, was signally free from intellectual intolerance and was the steadfast and helpful friend of all humanity, with full apprecia tion of the springs of thought and action among "all sorts and conditions of men." It has been consistently said that for nearly fifteen years Doctor Barnett bore the title of "Atlanta's ideal pastor," and that in his pastoral charge of the First Presbyterian Church of the Georgia metropolis "not only the members of his own immediate congregation but also the entire Christian community united in according to him this distinction.'' Uniformly revered and loved by all who came within the sphere of his influence in either a direct or collateral way, lie was a power for good in the community and spared him self nothing in his earnest and self-abnegating labors. True, indeed, are the following statements,; made concerning him: "Atlanta shall long feel the impress of his consecrated life, not alone in the furtherance of Christian sentiment and loyalty but also upon civic affairs in general. As pastor of one of the city's largest and wealthiest congregations he overtaxed himself in his, zealous and conscientious performance of duty, and there can be no doubt that his life was shortened through his unceasing devotion to the manifold exactions placed upon his physical and mental powers, his age at the time when he was summoned to the life eternal, about one month prior to his. fifty-eighth birthday anniversary."
Doctor Barnett was a true son of the fair Southland, loyal to and appre ciative of its manifold advantages and traditions, and one who gave gallant service as a soldier of the Confederacy in the Civil war. He was born in Montgomery County, Virginia, on the 8th of October, 1840, of Scotch-Irish lineage, and in the schools of the historic Old Dominion he continued his edu cational work until his graduation in Hampden-Sidney College, as a member of the class of 1861. The ambitious and aspiring young collegian left his alma mater to face conditions far different than those obtaining in the "piping times of peace," for the Civil war was precipitated on the nation in the year of his graduation and he promptly tendered his aid In defense of the cause of the Confederate States of America, He enlisted as a member of a Virginia regiment of volunteers and was in active service, save during a period of

2148

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

parole after having been captured by the enemy, until the close of the great fratricidal conflict. In many sanguinary engagements he bore himself with utmost gallantry and through his services he conferred honor upon the Southern arms. His command had been cut off from the remainder of Gen eral Lee's forces shortly before the final surrender, at Appomattox, and after this momentous event he made his way home, a jaded and youthful soldier who had done all in his power to further the cause in the justice of which he firmly believed. While with his regiment in West Virginia he was captured by the Union forces in command of Gen. George B. McClellan, arid during the interval thereafter while he was still under parole obligations he availed himself of the privilege of taking the first year's course in the Union Theolog ical Seminary, which was then established at Hampden-Sidney, Virginia, but which is now in the City of Richmond, that state. As soon as his exchange was effected he again went to the front and became a member of the Sixtythird Virginia Regiment, with which he served until the close of the war. Soon afterward Doctor Barnett resumed his studies in the Union Theological Seminary, in which he was graduated as a member of the class of 1867, and in later years the degree of Doctor of Divinity was conferred upon him by Hampden-Sidney College, his alma mater. i Immediately after his graduation in the theological seminary, with con comitant ordination as a clergyman of the Presbyterian Church, Doctor Barnett became assistant pastor of the First Presbyterian Church of Lynchburg, Virginia, but in 1869 he accepted the pastorate of the church of his denomination at Abingdon, that state. Four years later he declined the overtures made to him by the First Presbyterian Church of Atlanta, but when he again received a call to the pastorate of this representative church of the Georgia capital city, in 1882, he accepted the position, his labors here .having been instituted early in the following year. He did a wonderful work in upbuilding the various departments of the' church work, greatly increased its membership and became recognized as one of the most able and distinguished clergymen of Atlanta and as one of the leaders of the Presbyterian Church in Georgia. Shortly before his death, which occurred on the 20th of September, 1898, the First Presbyterian Church of Atlanta celebrated with impressive ceremonies the semi-centennial of its organization, and his services in this connection were virtually the culmination of his long and noble labors in the Master's vineyard, where he bore to the full and with all faithfulness the "heat and burden of the day." In all that makes for human beneficence and helpfulness his life counted for much, and his name, and memory shall long be revered in the city which represented the stage of his activities for nearly a decade and a half. His fine scholastic attainments and deep fervor m Christian service led to his being called, in 1892, to a chair in Union Theo logical Seminary, Virginia, the institution in which he had completed his philosophical and ecclesiastical course, but he felt that his sphere of usefulness was greater in Atlanta and thus declined this distinguished preferment.
On the 8th of March, 1870, was solemnized the marriage of Doctor Barnett to Miss Caroline L. Trent, who survives him, as do also three children Dr. Stephen T., Mary and Edward. On other pages of this work appears a brief review of the career of Dr. Stephen T. Barnett, who is one of the representa tive physicians and surgeons engaged in practice in the City of Atlanta.
STEPHEN T. BARNETT, M. D. The distinctive success that has attended the efforts of Doctor Barnett in his chosen profession has shown alike his careful preparation for his chosen calling and his close and earnest application in his active practice' as a physician and surgeon, his personal popularity having further had fortuitous influence in gaining to him his secure prestige as one of the representative members of this profession in the City of'Atlanta. On other pages of this publication is incorporated a memoir to his honored father,

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2149

the late Rev. Edward H. Barnett, D. D., who served many years as pastor of the First Presbyterian Church of Atlanta, and as facile reference may be made to the article in question it is not necessary to repeat the data in the present sketch.
Dr. Stephen T. Barnett was born at Lynchburg, Campbell County, Vir ginia, on the 8th of September, 1871, and after due preliminary education he was matriculated in his father's alma mater, Hampden-Sidney College, Vir ginia, in which he was graduated as a member of the class of 1891 and from which he received the degree of Bachelor ( of Arts. Thus admirably .fortified in an academic sense, he began the work of preparation for the exacting pro fession of which he is now a prominent and valued representative in the capital city and metropolis of Georgia. He entered the medical department of the historic old University of Virginia, at Charlottesville, in which he was graduated in 1896, with the well earned degree of Doctor of Medicine. The young physician had the good judgment to fortify himself more perfectly for the work of his profession by acquiring in a preliminary way a varied and valuable clinical experience, to the furtherance of which he passed three years in New York City, where he served as interne in different and leading hospitals.
In 1899 Doctor Barnett engaged in the general practice of his profession in the City of Atlanta, where he not only controls a large and representative practice but where he has also been prominent in the educational work of his profession, as the incumbent of the chair of obstetrics and gynecology in the Atlanta Medical College for ten years. The doctor is a member of the, staff of visiting surgeons of Grady Hospital, is visiting surgeon to St. Joseph's Infirmary, and is consulting surgeon at MeVicar Hospital and Spelman Semi nary, these preferments denoting the high estimate placed upon him in the community. Doctor Barnett is one of the valued and appreciative members of the Fulton County Medical Society, of which he has served as censor, vice president and president, and he is identified also with the Georgia State Medical Society, the Southern Medical Association, the Chattahoochee Valley Medical Society, and the American Medical Association, besides which he is a fellow of the American College of Surgeons.
In his civic attitude Doctor Barnett is liberal and public-spirited, his political allegiance being given unreservedly to the democratic party, and both he and his wife are zealous members of the Presbyterian Church.
On the llth of June, 1903, Doctor Barnett wedded Miss Allie Watlington, who was born and reared in the State of Alabama, and they have two chil dren Stephen T., Jr., and Frances Watlington.

WILLIAM L. FAIN. Aside from the interest attaching to the, personal career of Mr. Fain, who is recognized as one of the representative business men and influential and progressive citizens of Atlanta, his genealogical history is one that offers a large amount of data of distinction and historic interest, the lineage of the Fain family tracing back to an ancient and patrician origin in France, where the name had an orthography of somewhat more Latin form than that of the English and American branches. Mr. Fain is one of the prominent representatives of the grain business in the South, as president of the Fain Grain Company, which operates the largest grain elevator and warehouse in Atlanta and controls a business of broad scope
and importance. William Lafayette Fain was born at Murphy, the judicial center of
Cherokee County, North Carolina, on the 28th of December, 1846, and is a son of Mercer and Caroline Cynthia (McLelland) Fain. The father was a prosperous planter, merchant and trader in North Carolina at the time of the inception of the Civil war, the ravages of which conflict brought financial troubles upon him, with the devastation of his property, so that, in 1864, he sought refuge by coming with his family to Georgia, settlement being made

2150

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

in White County, where he remained until the close of the war, when he and his family returned to North Carolina, where he passed the remainder of his
life, as did also his wife. In France the Fain family is one of ancient and untarnished fame, and
there a distinguished representative in the early part of the nineteenth cen tury was Baron Agathon Jean Frederick Fain, who was born in Paris, in 1778, and whose death occurred in 1837. He was in official service during the regime of the Directory in France, and in 1806 he was appointed secretary of the imperial archives. In 1813 he became secretary to the Emperor Napo leon, whom he accompanied on all of the imperial tours until 1815, when he drew up the document by the provisions of which Napoleon definitely abdi cated the throne of France. In 1830 he became first secretary of the cabinet under Louis Phillipe, and in this connection he was several times entrusted with the administration of the civil list, besides which he served, until 1834, as a deputy of Montargis. Baron Fain likewise achieved no little distinction as an author, and he published certain memoirs pertaining to the later years
of the reign of Napoleon, such as "Le Manuscrit de 1814." Other works of which he was the author were published in 1812, 1813, 1814, 1827 and 1828, and all continue to be of great historical value and interest.
The progenitor of the Fain family in America of which the subject of this review is a scion, was Nicholas Fain, who was born in France, in 1730. From his native land he went to Ireland, and in 1752 he married an English woman, Elizabeth Taylor, who, in the following year, accompanied him on
his immigration to America, where temporary settlement was made in Pennsylvania, whence removal was later made to Dandridge, Jefferson County, Tennessee. The children of this union were: Samuel, John, David, William Thomas, Ebenezer, Reuben, and Elizabeth. Of these children Ebenezer was born in Chester County, Pennsylvania, on the 27th of August, 1762, and his death occurred in Habersham County, Georgia, December 29, 1842. When he was but fourteen years of age and when the family home was in Washington County, Virginia, Ebenezer Fain manifested his youthful patriotism by enlisting for service with the Continental forces in the War of the Revolution. He served under Capt. James Montgomery and Col. William Christian, with headquarters in turn at Black Fort and Montgomery Station, and incidentally he took part in two battles with the Indians. His original term of enlistment was for three months, but records extant show that in June, 1780, he was in service in Capt. William Trimble's Light Horse Company of Col. Charles Robertson's command. At Gilbertown this com mand joined with other forces and proceeded on the march to Pacolet River, in South 'Carolina, where they participated in a successful combat with the British forces. Concerning the later military services of this gallant young patriot the following -interesting record has been written and it is well worthy of reproduction in this connection:
"While acting as sentry at night, during the encampment of the command at Buffalo Creek, near its confluence with Broad River, young Fain shot John Foulin, a spy on whom was found an express note from Lord Cornwallis to the Tory Captain Moore, urging the latter to defend his fort until some troops could be sent to his relief. The Americans took advantage of this information, captured Moore and his fort, together with 100 men, and then dispersed, at Musgrove Mills, the party that had been sent' to reinforce Captain Moore. At Wofford's Iron Works the Americans were attacked suddenly at night, and. after a severe struggle, were driven back; but rally ing, they renewed the fight and defeated the enemy, taking as a prisoner the commander, Major Dunlap. Young Fain was afterward transferred to Captain Cunningham's Company, attached to Col. Elijah Clarke's Georgia regiment, at Augusta, Georgia, Discharged from the service at the expira tion of his term, young Fain immediately re-enlisted, in September, 1780,

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2151

as a mounted horseman, and thereafter he took part in the memorable pursuit of Colonel Ferguson, who was overtaken at King's Mountain, South Caro lina, October 7, 1780, and who was defeated and slain and his entire com
mand captured in the historic battle at that point. In this engagement Fain
received a wound in one of his legs, but he was not long incapacitated, as shown by the fact that from November, 1780, onward he gave gallant service as a horseman under Captain Gibson and Colonel Sevier in their expeditions
against the Indians, who were badly defeated and whose towns were de
stroyed." Ebenezer Fain retired from military service in April, 1781, and in June
of the same year he married Miss Mary Black, at Jonesboro, Tennessee. Con cerning the children of this union the following data are available: David, born August 5,1782, became a resident of Gilmer County, Georgia; Margaret,
born August 6, 1786, lived in Pendleton, South Carolina, and later in Gilmer
County, Georgia; Mercer, born February 28, 1789, removed from Pendleton, South Carolina, and became a pioneer in Texas; Elizabeth, born July 7,
1791, was a resident of liabersham County, Georgia, at the time of her death; Mary Ann, born January 6, 1794, lived in turn in Buncombe County, North
Carolina, and Gilmer County, Georgia; Sally, born May 30, 1796, lived in Buncombe and Macon counties, North Carolina; John, born December 14, 1796, came from Buncombe County, North Carolina, to Gilmer County,
Georgia, and passed the remainder of his life in this state, he having been
the grandfather of him whose name introduces this article; Rebecca, born December 10, 1799, was a resident of Lumpkin County, Georgia, at the
time of her death; and Polly Ann. Of the children above mentioned it may be noted also that Elizabeth became the wife of Jehu Trammel and that
they were the parents of the late L. N. Trammel, who was long an influential citizen of the Nacoochee Valley of Georgia, where he continued to reside
until his death. The descendants o Ebenezer Fain may consistently take pride not only in his gallant service as a youthful soldier in the War of the Revolution but also in his record as an upright, loyal and useful citizen' in the
" piping times of peace." William Clayton Fain, an uncle of the subject of this sketch, was a member of the secession convention of Georgia and con cerning his service in this connection it has been written that "after the
long and severe struggle which resulted in the passage of the ordinance of secession he was one of the small number who refused to compromise their convictions by signing the document."
As of further historic interest it may be stated that one branch of the Fain family immigrated from France to England eight centuries ago, during the reign of King John. In the year 1207 Thomas de Vein, of this branch, was a landholder in Gloucestershire. The English representatives finally
changed the patronymic 'to Fane and upon members of the family knightly honors were conferred in the reign of King Charles I, when a Fane was created Earl of Westmorland. T)ie Fane family is one of distinction in
English history and in England the present head of the line is Anthony Mildmay Julian Fane, thirteenth Earl of Westmoreland.
William Lafayette Fain was a lad of fourteen years at the outbreak of
the Civil war and was eighteen years old when his parents, after a sojourn of about a year in Georgia returned to the old home in North Carolina, In 1862 he had there joined a company of home guards, and in 1864, shortly
after the family came to Georgia, he here entered service as courier to Col. Andrew J. Young, to whose command he was attached, though not regu larly enlisted as a soldier of the Confederacy. His education, as a matter of course, had been subjected to great interference during the progress of the
war, after the close of which he did not accompany his parents on their return to North Carolina but remained in Georgia, where he devoted himself
for several years to arduous work on a farm, in order to provide means for

2152

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

the continuance of his interrupted educational discipline. He finally was able o borrow sufficient money to aid in defraying a course in Emory College, in which institution he was graduated as a member of the class of 1870. His advancement to his present position of prosperity and influence represents the results of his own efforts, and his ambition in the initiation of his business career was on a parity with his resolute purpose and self-reliant determination to make the most of opportunities presented. After leaving college Mr. Fain held a clerical office position until impaired health rendered it imperative for him to seek less sedentary occupation.. Under these conditions he became a traveling salesman for a wholesale dry-goods house at Atlanta, and in this city he engaged in the retail carpet business in 1878. With constant view to finding broader fields of enterprise, he finally, in 1881, identified himself with the grain and milling business, of which he has become one of the most prominent and successful representatives in Georgia, as intimated in the opening paragraph of this article. Concerning him it has been consistently said that he is prudent, conservative, industrious and honorable in his busi ness activities and that he now ranks high in the commercial circles of the city in which by earnest and well ordered endeavors he has made his way forward to the goal of large and definite success. Mr. Fain is an influ ential member of the Atlanta Grain Dealers' Association and the National Grain Dealers' Association. His secure capitalistic status is further shown by his being a director in one of the leading banking institutions of Atlanta, and is now serving as president of the Atlanta Grain Dealers' Association, and as second vice president of the Atlanta Commercial Exchange; and in a general way he is progressive and public-spirited, with readiness in support ing measures and enterprises tending to advance the economic, moral, edu cational and material prosperity of the community.
Mr. Fain gives leal and loyal support to the cause of the democratic party but is essentially a business man .and has shown no ambition for public office. He is a member of the Masonic order, a Master Mason, thirty-second degree Scottish rite and member of Mystic Shrine, and both he and his wife .are zealous members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, in which he was elected a steward in 1885 and in which he has since given effective service in this and other official positions.
On the 15th of December, 1870, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Fain to Miss Frances Louise Gower, daughter of Ebenezer N. and Frances H. (Garrison) Gower, and of the eleven children of this union seven are living, Henry Gower, Helen Frances, Carrie McLelland, Florence, Louise, Lucy and
Dorothy.
CHARLES J. VAUGHAN, M. D. Successful men in any occupation are men of action, courage and perseverance, and if this applies, as it does, to the more humble callings, how much more true is it of those occupations, including the various professions, which make a heavy demand upon the mental resources of the individual. In these branches of human activity few, indeed, rise to the top save those who are especially gifted, and endowed with the qualities aforementioned. The career of Dr. Charles J. Yaughan^of Atlanta is one that may well inspire ambitious young men who are anxious to make their way in the world, as it shows the value of self reliance and determination when applied with a definite purpose in view. Doctor Vaughan was born in Mil ton County, Georgia, September 3, 1857, a son of James J. and Elizabeth (Johnson)'Vaughan. The father was a native of North Carolina, in which state he and his wife were married, he being then in early manhood. Soon afterward^they came to Georgia, settling in Fulton County. Here, when the subject of this sketch was an infant of two years, death deprived him of his mother, and a few years later his father also died. Thus left an orphan when only eight years old, he was reared by the older children of the family, his

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2153

brother James "W. and his sister Ella Elizabeth, who afterwards became the wife of W. C. Maddox, but is now deceased. Although but four years older than he, she was the housekeeper of the family and well performed a mother's duties, while the brother, James, did the work on the farm. The latter is now sheriff of the Georgia Supreme Court a position he has held for more
than a third of a century. Charles J. Vaughan acquired the elements of knowledge in an old-fash
ioned country schoolhouse built of logs, which had slabs for seats. In 1875,
when eighteen years old, he came to Atlanta and for several years thereafter was clerk in a general store. While thus employed he attended Moore's Busi
ness College during a portion of each day and in this manner acquired a
knowledge of bookkeeping. He then turned his new acquisition to account, becoming bookkeeper for a wholesale grocery house, where he remained for
one year. At the end of that time he embarked in the retail grocery business for himself, in partnership with his brother-in-law, W. C. Maddox, the firm
of Maddox and Vaughan doing a successful grocery business in a store that stood on the present site of the Empire Life Building. "While he was still
thus engaged young Vaughan began the study of medicine, later entering the
Atlanta Medical College, from which he was graduated in 1893. Since then he has practiced his profession in Atlanta with marked success, having attained a high place both as physician and surgeon. At various times, also he has been identified with the drug business in Atlanta. His business and profes
sional ability are shown in the fact that, although he started in life with noth ing, he is today a well-to-do man, his prosperity having been entirely self-
attained. For ten years Doctor Vaughan was an assistant professor to the chair of gynecology in the Atlanta Medical College. He is a member of Ful ton County Medical Society and of the American Medical Association. In
1902 he took a post-graduate course in the New York Post-Graduate Medical School. The doctor has performed useful work as a citizen and public serv
ant. He was for six years a member of the city board of health, and served
four years in the city council from the Fourth Ward. For one year, also, he was county physician, while at the present time he is a member of the Atlanta board of police commissioners. In all these various offices he has shown a capacity and a devotion to duty that have gained him the confidence of his fellow citizens in a high degree. He is a member and elder of the West minster Presbyterian Church, and is fraternally connected with the Masonic
order and the Improved Order of Red Men.
On May 9,1885, Doctor Vaughan was united in marriage with Mrs. Fanny Mullins, of Atlanta, whose maiden name was Armistead. They have one
living son, Dr. Harry J. Vaughan, who is now twenty-three years old, and is an interne at the Grady Hospital of Atlanta. Two other children, a son and daughter, died in infancy. No small part of Doctor Vaughan's success in life has been due to his devoted wife, who has been a true friend and wise
counselor to him through all the years of their married existence and -with out whose aid he could scarcely have reached his present position a debt he is always glad to acknowledge.

THOMAS B. BONNER, M. D. Among the able and honored physicians and surgeons of Georgia who have shown great self-abnegation and deep human sympathy in the pursuance of their exacting and laborious mission in the alleviation of suffering, a place of no insignificant prominence and influence is justly to be accorded to Doctor Bonner, who is one of the foremost rep resentatives of his profession in the northeastern part of Georgia and who
has been most assuredly the architect of his own fortunes, as he depended upon his own resources in acquiring his higher academic training and his professional education. In his earnest and unselfish labors he has shown the highest sense of stewardship, he has the work of his chosen vocation closely

2154

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

at heart and through it has striven sincerely to aid his fellow men. The doctor has been engaged in the general practice of his profession at Lavonia, Franklin County, since 1892. and has the regard of all who know him, his prominence and influence as a citizen being indicated by his having been called to various positions of public trust, including that of representative of his district in the Senate of the Georgia Legislature, a distinguished office to which he was elected in November, 1914.
Dr. Thomas Bryant Bonner was born at Gaffney, Cherokee County, South Carolina, on the 24th of March, 1862, and is a son of Rev. Bryant Bonner and Hannah (Foster) Bonner, who passed their entire lives in South Carolina, where the father was a representative and honored clergyman of the Baptist Church, his death having occurred in 1879, at which time he was sixty-two years of age, and his widow having been summoned to eternal rest in 1892, at the age of seventy-four years: of their ten children Doctor Bon
ner of this review is the youngest, and there are three others of the number now living. The original American progenitors of the Bonner family immi grated from County Antrim, Ireland, and became early settlers in Virginia, whence representatives of the name later removed into South Carolina, where the family home was maintained for numerous .generations and where Bryant Bonner, grandfather of the doctor, was a citizen of prominence and influence.
Doctor Bonner has fought the battle of life on his own responsibility from the time he was fourteen years of age and was a youth at the time of his father's death. He made good use of the advantages afforded in the com mon schools of his native state, and as a lad he gained fellowship with honest toil, in connection with farming operations. As a youth he taught school several terms and thereafter he was employed as a bookkeeper, both in South Carolina and Georgia, his earnings having been carefully conserved for the purpose of enabling him to attain his ambition and prepare himself for the medical profession. With this end in view he finally entered the Southern Medical College, at Atlanta, now Emory University and in this institution' he was graduated as a member of the 'class of 1892. Within a short time after receiving his well earned degree of Doctor of Medicine he established his home at La'vonia, where he has been engaged in successful practice during the long intervening period of nearly a quarter of a century and where he has impregnable vantage place as one of the leading physicians and surgeons of this part of the state, definite material prosperity having justly rewarded his services. The doctor permits nothing to interfere with his keeping in touch with the advances made in medical and surgical science and he is iden tified in an active way with the American Medical Association, the Georgia State Medical Association, the Ninth District Medical Society and the Frank lin County Medical Society, of which last mentioned he has served a number of terms as president, a position of which he is the honored incumbent in 1915. From 1883 to 1886 Doctor Bonner resided at Hartwell, Hart County, and within this period he served as mayor of that city, a similar distinction being accorded him later at Lavonia, of which place he was mayor in 1911. A stalwart democrat, he has shown a lively interest in party affairs and in November, 1914, he was elected representative of the Thirty-first district in the senate of the Georgia Legislature, a place in which he is serving with characteristic zeal, ability and fidelity.
Doctor Bonner is a member of the directorate of the Bank of Lavonia and in addition to his attractive residence property in Lavonia he is the owner of other valuable realty in Franklin County. He is affiliated with the Masonic fraternity, the Order of Heptasophs, and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, in which last named he is serving in 1915 as grand herald of the Georgia grand lodge. The doctor and his wife are numbered among the most earnest and influential members of the Baptist Church in Lavonia,

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2155

and for more than a quarter of a century he was teacher of the Bible class in its Sunday school, a model of honor having been presented to him at the anniversary of his twentieth year of service. He has served also as president of the Sunday school convention of Georgia.
On the 26th of October, 1886, was solemnized the marriage of Doctor Bonner to Miss Sarah L. Sewell, daughter of the late L. D. and E. J. Sewell, who were for many years well known arid highly honored citizens of Franklin County. Dr. and Mrs. Bonner became the parents of two. children who attained to years of maturity. Flora, who became the wife of J. Will Mauldin, of Lavonia, died on the 4th of July, 1914, at the age of twenty-four years, and she is survived by one child, William Thomas. The death of their only daughter, whose gentle and gracious personality has endeared her to all who came within her sphere of influence, was the maximum loss and bereavement in the lives of her devoted parents, but there must remain to them a measure of compensation and reconciliation in the memory of her beautiful life and all that it represented, even as its translation remains exponent of the hope and faith that must abide to 'justify the works of God to man." Herbert H. Bonner, the only son of the doctor, was born March 23,1894, and in his native town is now an executive in the Bank of Lavonia.

MARION LUTHER BRITTAIN. The State of Georgia owes much to Mr. Brittain for his able and effective services in the furtherance of the cause of education within her gracious borders and a consistent recognition came when he was called upon to assume his present important and exacting office, that of state commissioner of education, a post to which he brings the splendid equipment of a well disciplined mind, long and varied pedagogic experience, high scholastic attainments and recognized executive ability. In this and other positions pertaining to practical educational work he has significantly honored and aided the state that has represented his home from the time of his nativity, and this publication would stultify one of its most important functions were there failure to enter brief record concerning the man and his achievement.
Marion Luther Brittain was born in Oglethorpe County, Georgia, on the llth of November, 1865, the place of his nativity being a plantation in close proximity to the little City of Lexington, judicial center of the county. His father, Rev. J. M. Brittain, D. D., was a distinguished clergyman of the Baptist Church in the South and held pastorates at Covington, Barnesville, Eatonton and other places in Georgia, in each of which he labored with all of consecrated zeal and devotion, his character and services having endeared him to all who came within the sphere of his gracious and benignant influence and all who knew him having felt a sense of personal loss and bereavement when he was called upon to rest from his labors in the vineyard of the Divine Master and to enter the life eternal, his death having occurred on the llth of Febru ary, 1912. His wife, who still survives him, bore the maiden name of Ida Callaway and is a representative of the well known family of that name in Wilkes County, this state, where she was born and reared, the place of her birth having been a part of an estate that has been in the possession of the Callaway family for more than a century, the same having been granted to her ancestor, Col. John S. Callaway in recognition of his gallant services as a soldier and officer of the Continental Line in the War of the Revolution.
Colonel Callaway was a representative of staunch Welsh lineage and the original progenitors in America settled in Virginia, in the colonial era of our national history, as did also the forebears of the Brittain family, who immi grated from England. Near the close of the eighteenth century members of each of these families - were numbered among the ambitious and sterling pioneers who left the historic Old Dominion to establish homes in the wilds of Georgia. One of the Callaway brothers left the remainder of the company

2156

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

of Georgia colonists after he had arrived in North Carolina, whence he accom

panied the great frontiersman, Daniel Boone, to the "dark and bloody

ground" of Kentucky, which was then little more than an untrammeled wil

derness, the archives of that commonwealth containing authentic data that

indicate that this intrepid scion of the Callaway family there gave effective

service in the varied conflicts with the Indians.

Marion L. Brittain, who is more familiarly known by his second personal

name, Luther, found the days of his childhood and youth somewhat nomadic,

owing to the varied removals of his father in connection with service in his

ministerial field, and it has been stated with more or less consistency that the

present commissioner of education was "brought up all over the State of

Georgia." That he made good use of his early educational advantages is evi

denced by the fact that he was well prepared for college when but fourteen

years of age. His parents, however, recognized the expediency of curbing

temporarily his scholastic ambition, owing to his immaturity, and thus it came

that before beginning higher academic studies he was employed one year on

a farm and one year as clerk in a mercantile establishment. At the expiration

of this period he was matriculated in Emory College, at Oxford, and that here

his scholastic proficiency, even precosity, did not wane is indicated by the

statement that at the completion of his four years' course he was graduated

in that institution not only with the degree of Bachelor of Arts but also made .

the recipient of the Greek medal and the testimonial of the professor of Eng

lish to the effect that he was "the best student in that department Emory

College has had in ten years." Later Mr. Brittain completed an effective post

graduate course in the University of Chicago, and thereafter he devoted him

self earnestly to productive work through which he earned the funds which

enabled him to make a trip to Europe, where he spent several months, in the

year 1888.

Practical pedagogy has represented the life work of Mr. Brittain and

there is naught of uncertainty or indirectness in his record as a successful and

popular teacher. His first service was as a teacher in the rural institution

known as Ryal's Institute, in Gordon County, Georgia, and after one year of

effective work in this mountain school he was chosen a teacher in the public

schools of the City of Atlanta. Here he served two years as principal of the

Crew Street Grammar School and he was then transferred to that admirable

institution, the Boys' High School, in which he won promotion from grade to

grade until he became head of the department of languages, including Greek,

Latin and Spanish. After thirteen years of most faithful and fruitful serv-

'

ice in the Atlanta schools Mr. Brittain was, at the instance of Governor

Northen, elected superintendent of the schools of Fulton County, of which

office he' continued the valued incumbent until he was called to his present

4

higher position, in 1910. Concerning his services as county superintendent

the following pertinent statements have been written, and they are well

worthy of perpetuation in this article:

"His work in Fulton county was particularly fruitful. When he assumed

charge the free-school term lasted only five months in the year and the annual

amount paid to the teachers was less than $11,000. He conducted two cam

paigns to remedy this by local taxation. Alone, and practically unaide.d, he

went to, every school house and church in the county for the purpose of

arousing popular interest and support, and he was fortunate enough to gain

a complete victory, the same being largely due to his earnest and effective

presentation of the subject. To-day, as a result of his efforts and the co-opera- '

tion which he enlisted, every child in Fulton county may have in each year

nine months of school training and the pay roll of the teachers increased under

his administration until it represented in 1910, the year of his retirement,

the noteworthy aggregate of $59,000. In addition to bringing about this

great improvement in the school system of the county Mr. Brittain superin-

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2157

tended the erection of twelve new school buildings, at an expenditure of

$30,000, and the greater part of this appreciable sum of money was raised

under his supervision and in response to his appeals to the people, the county

having been able to appropriate less than one-half of the required amount."

In 1910 Mr. Brittain was appointed, by Governor Joseph M. Brown, to the

office of state commissioner of education, and popular appreciation of his

services was shown by his election to the office in 1912 by the significant

majority of 60,000, which was increased to 63,000 majority in the election of

1914. In this far reaching and all important position Mr. Brittain has shown

not only great discrimination and executive ability but has also adopted

progressive policies that have inured wonderfully to the furtherance of the

general educational interests of the state, his labors having been earnest and

indefatigable and his enthusiasm proof against all obstacles and discourage

ments. He may well be said to be one of the most influential of our state

officials and his continued tenure of the position he now holds can not fail to

prove fecund in good results.

Prior to assuming his present office Mr. Brittain had become widely and

favqrably known to the members of his profession in Georgia, as he had served

in 1905-6 as president of the State Teachers' Association and for three years

as president of the local teachers' association of Atlanta. A man of resolute

purpose and high ideals, he has otherwise given earnest co-operation in work

for the general good of his fellow men, with naught of intellectual bigotry

and with deep appreciation of the well-springs of human sentiment and action.

He has been specially prominent in various departments of the activities of

the Baptist Church, of which both he and his wife are devoted adherents.

For three years he was president of the Baptist Young People's Union of

Georgia, and he is a member of the home, mission, the education and the

general state boards of the Baptist Church in Georgia, besides which he is the

author of a small volume entitled "Sunday School Methods," and a "History

of the Second Baptist Church of Atlanta." For nearly a decade he has been

one of the regular contributors to the Sunday-school lessons published by the

Sunday School Board of the Southern Baptist Convention, and has con

tributed also to the World's Work and other representative periodicals. He

is the author also of a valuable school textbook entitled "Introduction to

Caesar," the same having been published by the American. Book Company

and fully 15,000 copies having been issued, the same being a standard work

used in the schools of more than a dozen different states of the Union.

In 1915 he published a collection of stories called "The Blue Book of

Stories for Character Training" and he has presented the same to all school

superintendents and his friends hope the book will be put on sale, as it is

very valuable for child training.

Concerning an interesting episode in the career of Mr. Brittain the fol

lowing record has been given:

;

"In the summer of 1897 the Atlanta Constitution inaugurated a 'missing

word' contest, in which that periodical agreed to give $1,000 to the one of

its readers who would supply a certain word which was omitted from a sen

tence printed in its columns. The sentence was a quotation from a rare old

book on English literature. There were only one or two copies in the State of

Georgia and the managers of the contest took the only volume about Atlanta

from the public library and locked it in their safe. A number of months

previously, in making a study of literature, Mr. Brittain had read thirty

or forty books on the subject, and among the number was the volume that

contained this very text. When the contest was announced he was the only

one. among the 16,000 contestants who could supply the missing word, and

furthermore he indicated from memory the very chapter from which he had

obtained the sentence. Accordingly a committee composed of Chief Justice

Simmons, Comptroller-General Wright and Paul Romare awarded him the

2158

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

check for $1,000 the only 'easy money' he believes he has made in all of his

rather arduous career."

In 1889 was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Brittain to Miss Lettie McDon

ald, daughter of Rev. Henry McDonald, D. D., who was for twenty years the

honored and distinguished pastor of the Second Baptist Church of Atlanta.

The three children of this ideal union are McDonald, Marion L., Jr., and Ida

Louise.

\

ROSWELL HILL DRAKE, president of the City National Bank, senior part

ner in the firm of Roswell H. Drake and Company, insurance, spent his life

in Spalding County, where he was'born on September 21, 1866.

After leaving the Bingham School in 1882, he took a business course at

Bryant & Stratton Business College at Baltimore, and commenced his mer

cantile career at Griffin. On March 1, 1888, he started an insurance business

and later became general agent for the Penn Mutual Life Insurance Com

pany. Still retaining his insurance business, in 1891 he organized the Savings

Bank of Griffin and was its cashier several years, but sold his interest in 1900

to become president of the City National Bank, a position formerly held by

his father. During all these years, however, he has still retained his insur

ance business. In 1907 he was elected a member of the board of county

commissioners, of which, for several years, he served as chairman.

*

i

DR. LINDSAY DURHAM, the founder of the Eclectic school of medicine,

divides with Dr. Crawford W. Long the honor of being the two great Georgia

discoverers in medical science. He'was born in North Carolina and spent his

early days working hard in the summer on the farm and for three or four

months of the winter attending the old field school. He was quick minded,

picked up a fair English education in that way, and commenced life as an

old-field school teacher himself. Soon after middle Georgia was opened up

for settlement he removed to Clarke County and opened up a school near

the Oconee River for the children of t'he pioneers. There he continued to

teach school for two years and then took to the profession of medicine. Until

his death in 1859 he never moved from the place where he started his married

life, though his reputation had become state-wide and his practice enormous.

HUBERT LEON CULBERSON. Professional achievement and honorable public service have marked the career of Hubert Leon Culberson, who is one of Atlanta's stable and representative men. He comes of honorable ancestry, of Scotch and Irish descent, and on the paternal side, for generations his forefathers have lived, prospered and achieved in different sections of the South, particularly North Carolina, Georgia and Texas. The Culbersons of the last named state have been prominent in political affairs, both state and national, for a long period, a distinguished member of the family at the present time being Hon. Charles A. Culberson, formerly governor of Texas and at present representing his state in the .National Senate. His father, Hon. David B. Culberson, formerly a member of the National Congress, was a first cousin of the la*te Col. Augustus B. Culberson, who was the father of Hubert L. Culberson. The Georgia Culbersons came originally from North Carolina and for many years prior to the Civil war were identified with Morgan, Troupe and Walker counties.
Hubert Leon Culberson was born at La Fayette, in "Walker County, Georgia, February 7, 1860, and is a son of Col. Augustus B. and Margaret H. (Caldwell) Culberson, and a grandson of Isaac Culberson. Augustus B. Culberson was born in Morgan CWnty, -Georgia, December 5, 1823, and died at Atlanta, February 24, 1889. During the period of war between the states he served with the rank of colonel in .the Confederate army. When hostilities were over, in 1865, Colonel Culberson came with his family to Atlanta and

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

' 2159

for three years was engaged in a contracting business. In 1868 he opened a law office at No. 61 y2 East Alabama Street, and continued the practice of law until the close of his life. He married Margaret H. Caldwell, who was of Irish descent but born in Morgan County, Georgia. She died at Atlanta in 1910 and is survived by one son and three daughters.
In the public schools of Atlanta and by instruction from private tutors, Hubert H. Culberson Avas educationally trained and a course of law reading, under the supervision of his father, was followed by admission to the bar and the subsequent formation of a law partnership with his father, under the firm name of A. B. & H. L. Culberson. For a third of a century Mr. Culber son has been an honored member of the Atlanta bar, although his activities as a practitioner have been somewhat curtailed at times because. of the pressure of duties pertaining to the numerous public offices to which he has been elected by his appreciative fellow citizens.
While not making a specialty of any department of the law, Mr. Culber son devoted his attention largely to the commercial branch, in which he won signal honors. Under the old insolvency laws of Georgia, which, since the passage of the National Bankruptcy Law have not been in. use, a great many of the receiverships and failures which found their way into the local courts, were entrusted to the legal care of Mr. Culberson. During his years of active practice a number of important cases, involving very large sums of money, were referred to him as auditor and special master for hearing and report to the court, by the different judges of the courts of record here, and it is a matter of note that in no one of such cases was his finding set aside by the court. The emoluments received from his practice were, entirely satis factory and on some occasions his fees were unsually large.
Although interested in all public matters and an ardent supporter since early manhood of the settled policies of the democratic party, Mr. Culberson '$ public career may be said to have commenced in 1887, when he was elected mayor of West End, then a village near Atlanta but now a part of the city. He was elected for a term of two years but resigned at the end of three months, his law practice at that time demanding all of his time and attention. In 1893 West End became the Seventh Ward of Atlanta and in 1895 Mr. Cul berson was elected a member of the city council from that ward and served two years. In 1902 he was called to the board of county commissioners and served as a member for four years and as chairman of the board during the last two years, tn 1906 he was elected to the office of county treasurer of Fulton County and has served continuously since January 1, 1907, and since the election of 1908 has had no opposition.
On June 1, 1887, Mr. Culberson was united in marriage with Miss Katherine Bleckley, the only daughter of the late Judge Logan E. Bleckley, once chief justice of the Georgia Supreme Court. Mr. and Mrs. Culberson have two daughters, Margaret and Katherine. The family belong to the Methodist Episcopal Church, Mr. Culberson having been an official member of the Park Street Methodist Episcopal Church of the West End since he was nineteen years old. Outside of civic and charitable bodies, Mr. Culberson has identified himself with no organization except the Masons, and in this fraternity has advanced far, being a Knight Templar and Shriner. The family has long been conspicuous in the cultivated social circles of Atlanta.
ARNOLD BROYLES. In the bar and public -life of Northern Georgia no name has more honorable distinction than that of Broyles. Arnold Broyles is one of the most popular officials of Atlanta and Fulton County and has been in one official position or another ever since he became old enough, and for the past fifteen years has been clerk of the Superior Court of Fulton County. His brother, Nash R, Broyles, two years his junior, is one of the judges of the Court of Appeals. Their father before them, Col. Edwin Nash Broyles, was
Vol. IV 21

2160

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

a popular and honored member of the Georgia bar, and further comment on his career will be found on other pages. Both Arnold and Nash Broyles studied law and were admitted to the bar, but owing to their fine, traits of character, personal worth and popularity, have been kept in public office almost steadily since their admission.
Arnold Broyles,-a son of Col. Edwin Nash and Elizabeth Douglas (Arnold) Broyles, was born at Rome, Georgia, May 20, 1866. He was brought to Atlanta in 1868 and attended the public schools of that city and in 1888 graduated from the law school of the University of Georgia. He was presi dent of his class, of the debating society (the Phi Kappa) and of the athletic association, and a member of the Chi Phi fraternity. He was admitted to the bar at Atlanta in 1888, and was in practice with his father and brother Nash. In 1891 he was elected a member of the Common Council of Atlanta, and in 1893 a member of the board of aldermen of the same city. In 1894 he was made mayor pro tern. He served in the House of Representatives during the years 1894-95. In 1900 Mr. Broyles was elected clerk of the Superior Court of Fulton County, and has served continuously to the present time.
On July 18, 1893, he married, in Newnan, Georgia, Miss Frances L. Divine. Mrs. Broyles is a daughter of Dr. K. C. and Martha Frances (Calhoun) Divine. Her mother was a daughter of the eminent Dr. A. B. Calhoun, of Newnan, and a sister of Dr. A. W. Calhoun and Judge A. E. Calhoun, both of Atlanta. Mr. Broyles and wife have the following children: Edwin Nash Broyles, Louise Phinizy Broyles, Frances Elizabeth Broyles, Norris Arnold Broyles and Susan Calhoun Broyles.
Mr. Broyles is a Knight Templar Mason and Shriner, was president of the Atlanta Athletic Club for two years, is a member of the Episcopal Church, and has served for years on the vestry of his church, St. Phillip 's.
LEONIDAS MELL LANDRUM. Recently promoted to the position of super intendent of the Atlanta public schools, an office carrying greater weight of responsibilties in school management than any other state, Professor Landrum at the time of his appointment had completed thirty years of con-' tinuous service in connection with the Atlanta public schools, and has made education practically his life work ever since graduating from the Uni versity of Georgia forty years ago. His father was likewise a prominent school man, and one of the characteristics of the Landrum family seems to be the enjoyment of unusual length of years, which have been filled with accom plishments that are of benefit to mankind.
The birth of Leonidas^ Mell Landrum occurred on a farm near Lexington, Oglethorpe County, Georgia, October 5, 1852. His middle name was given him in honor of Dr. Patrick Hughes Mell, long a prominent citizen of Athens, Georgia. His father, Columbus Judson Landrum, spent nearly a third of a century in active educational work in Oglethorpe C'ounty. He also saw service as a soldier in the Confederate army during the war. He was born in Oglethorpe County August 12, 1826, and died in that county June 16, 1914, in his eighty-eighth year. His father in turn was William Whitfield Landrum, who came to Oglethorpe County from Virginia along with his father John Landrum. William Whitfield Landrum was a planter and attained the remarkable age of ninety-seven. Professor Landrum ?s mother was Elizabeth Barker, who was born in Greene County, Georgia, March 12, 1833, and .died March 19, 1905, aged seventy-two. Of her two children the daughter of Parthenia America, who is older than Professor Landrum, married A. J. Young of Oglethorpe County.
While growing up to manhood Professor Landrum was educated chiefly in the schools taught by his father, who was distinguished in that section of Georgia as one of the most skillful and inspiring teachers. He gained an academic training under Prof. T. B. Moss at Lexington Academy, and then

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2161

entered the University of Georgia, from which he was graduated A. B. with

the class of 1876. He had also carried as an elective study a full course in

the French language. During his sophomore year he won the scholarship

medal of his class, and graduated at the head of a large class. Having

already determined that his life work should be education, he has never

deviated in any important degree from that rule. His first work was done

in Oglethorpe County, where he taught 4V2 years, spent one year at Conyers,

two years at Commerce and l 1^ years at Calhoun, all in Georgia.

In the fall of 1885 he took his first position in the Atlanta schools and

has since been intimately identified not only with the work of teaching but

also with the administrative phases of the local school system. He was first

principal of the Walker Street School, a position he held eleven years, follow

ing which he was in the Boys' High School one year, and for eighteen years

was assistant superintendent, and also held the position of secretary of the

board of education from February, 1898, to June 5, 1915. He resigned his

position as secretary to accept his present duties as superintendent. Mr.

Landrum is well known in educational circles' over Georgia and also in other

states, and has frequently attended the meetings of the National Educational

Association, of which he is a member.

'

He is an active church member, being a deacon in the First Baptist

Church, and is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. On

November'12, 1879, he married Miss Rebecca Treadwell of Conyers, Georgia,

a member of an old and prominent family of the state. They are the parents

of three children: Henry Judson Landrum, who married Miss Ruth Stewart;

Eunice Elizabeth, the wife of Dr. J. G. Smith, a well known physician of

McDonough, Georgia; and Leonidas Mell Landrum, Jr., who married Miss

Gladys Blair. Professor Landrum has six grandchildren: Talitha and

Rebecca Smith, daughters of Doctor and Mrs. Smith; Gladys, Ruth, and

Mildred Eunice Landrum, the children of Leonidas Landrum, Jr.; and Eliza

beth Dolores, the daughter of Henry J. Landrum.

While his work in connection with the Atlanta schools has been sufficient

to distinguish him among Georgia educators, it should- also be noted that

Professor Landrum was one of the few Georgia teachers who took the initia

tive in the movement which resulted in establishing Georgia's splendid state

normal school at Athens. He was one of the original teachers in a summer

school conducted at Athens as far back as 1894, and with that as a nucleus

there was developed the present institution.

j
CALVIN WHEELEB MANGUM. Although half a century has rolled by since the war between the states came to its final conclusion there are still living many veterans of that great struggle, both North and South, who are, many of them still hale and ^hearty and capable of useful service in one form or another. Among those who fought under the stars and bars is Calvin Wheeler Mangum of Atlanta, who is now the efficient sheriff of Fulton County. Mr. Mangum was born (to be exact) at fifteen minutes past one o'clock in the morning of October 26, 1845, in Decatur, Georgia, his parents being Na thaniel and Mary Leek (Connally) Mangum. His paternal grandparents, James'and Elizabeth (Knight) Mangum, came to Georgia from South Carolina in 1818, settling in what was then Henry County, and in that particular part of it that afterwards became De Kalb County, and still later Fulton County. They were accompanied by their son Nathaniel, who was born in South Caro lina, December 30, 1809. After acquiring an education Nathaniel took up the profession of a school teacher, but subsequently became a lawyer. He finally became interested in copper mining in Fannin County, this state and was killed
at his home in that county, March 20, 1864, by deserters from the army,.who were in fact outlaws, their object being robbery. Nathaniel Mangum was mar ried, December 24, 1833, to Mary Leek Connally, who was born in Franklin

2162

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

County, Georgia, November 6, 1813, and who died March 15, 1870. She was the daughter of David and Mary (Christian) Connally who came to Georgia from Virginia. Nathaniel Mangum and wife had seven children, as follows : Mary Elizabeth, born October 13, 1834, died October 19,-1906; she married James R. D. Ozburn and reared a large family of children. James Davis, bom November 6,1836, died at the age of two years. Nathaniel Christian, born May 13, 1838, was killed July 16, 1864, at McCarty's Station on the Georgia Rail road, while in the service of the Confederacy. Emily Ann, born February 25, 1840, married James T. Bandy, now deceased, -and reared seven children. She is now a widow and resides at Copper Hill, Tennessee. Since 1863 she has been a teacher and is still following that vocation, although over seventy-five years old. Victoria Catherine, born August 17,1842, married Pattern'A. Young, who is now 'deceased, she being a widow residing at Hot Springs, Arkansas. She reared nine children, all of .whom are now dead but two. Martha Wynunee, born March 1, 1848, married Andrew M. Bergstron, a Swede now deceased, whom she survives. She had a family of six children, of whom there are now four survivors.
Calvin Wheeler Mangurn, who was the sixth born of his parents' children,
was two years old when the family removed from Decatur to the present site of Atlanta, which was then a mere village known as Terminus. Later it became Marthasville and finally Atlanta. In 1858 the family made another move, this time to Fannin County, Georgia. On March 9,1862, the subject of this sketch entered the Confederate service, being then a few months past sixteen years
of age and weighing but ninety-five pounds. Too small to carry a gun, he was kept on detail duty for a year or two. During the latter part of the war he was a member of Company E, Fifth Georgia Infantry. On March 27, after a pro longed sickness, he was given a furlough and left Cheraw, South Carolina, for his home, more dead than alive. When his comrades bade him good bye they never expected to see him alive again, but on April 9th he reached Atlanta. On the sixteenth of that month, having partly recovered, and not knowing of Gen eral Lee's surrender, he started back to his command, but at Athens, Georgia, he fell into the hands of Yankees who were searching for Jefferson Davis. They relieved him of his furlough, whereupon he bought a condemned mule for $12, mounted it and started back for Atlanta. About one mile out of Athens he was halted by a Federal picket, who asked him where he was going. He replied, "I am going to the mill." A small quantity of corn which he was carrying in a sack to feed his mule with made his statement seem plausible, so the picket allowed him to proceed, and he reached Atlanta on May 17th. Since that time he has been a continuous resident of the city.
-On September 12, 1865, Mr. Mangum obtained employment with the West Point Railroad and he subsequently continued in its employ for ten years. He then entered the service of the Western and Atlantic Raiload, with which he remained thirty-three years, holding every position with that road from switchman up to general yard master and train master, his service ending August 6,1907. In the following year he was elected sheriff of Fulton County, entering upon the duties of his office January 1,1909. Prior to his election as sheriff he had served two terms in the Atlanta city council. On the first occasion when he ran for the office of councilman he didn't lose a single day from
his work and received 2,810 votes to 5^0 given his opponent. On the second occasion he lacked but thirty-four votes of receiving just double the number given his opponent. He has been three times re-elected as sheriff, each time he ran being given comfortable majorities. In politics he is a democrat.
Mr. Mangum has been twice married: first on'February 3,1869, to Martha Ellen Small. She died August 12, 1870, leaving one son, William Nathaniel, who was born June 1, 1870, and is now a resident of Atlanta. On March 5, 1873, Mr. Mangum was united in marriage to his second and present wife, ir,
maidenhood Miss Martha Cook Duke, of Coweta County, Georgia. They have

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2163

been the parents of ten children, of whom six are now living. They were in all as follows: Charles Thomas (deceased), David AYylie (deceased), Mattie Duke, Calvin Wheeler, Jr., Lee Bowden, Robert Grant, Lloyd (deceased), James Evans, Mary Leek (deceased), and Job Olin. The youngest, Job Olin, is. now nineteen years of age. Despite the fact that Mr. Mangum is verging on his seventieth year, he is still active and vigorous, the possessor of a sound constitution unimpaired by excesses, and which even the hardships of a sol dier's life in early youth could not permanently affect. His record both while in the railroad service and in public office has been of the best and such is to inspire confidence in his fellow men, and he is accordingly one of the best known and most popular citizens in Fulton County, as shown by his victories
at the polls. He belongs to St. Paul's Methodist Episcopal Church, South, which he is serving on the board of stewards and as chairman of the board of trustees. His other social affiliations are with the Order of Railway Con
ductors and the Improved Order of Red Men.

HON. CHARLES WHITEFOORD SMITH, whose recent elevation to the office of judge of the Stone Mountain Circuit has served to make his name increasingly familiar over Northern Georgia, has long been distinguished by his activities as a lawyer and citizen of Atlanta and by his prominent relations with the
Methodist Church and with the fraternities of Masonry and Odd Fellowship. He comes of a stock of sturdy Scotch Presbyterians three generations of
whom have been identified with the American colonies and states. He is de scended from James and Margaret (Whitefoord) Smith, whose home in Scot
land was in the Orkney Islands, and James was one of three brothers who emigrated to Massachusetts in 1788, the other two being named William and Whitefoord. Whitefoord Smith, the grandfather of Judge Smith, was born in the Orkney Islands March 11, 1785, and after reaching manhood moved from the northern states to Charleston, South Carolina, and died at Green ville, South Carolina, November 10, 1864. Bryce Smith, father of Judge Smith, was born in Charleston, South Carolina, May 5, 1828, and died April 2, 1909, at the age of eighty-one. He was married April 26, 1854, to Helen Clementina Davis, who was born in the Beaufort District of South Carolina, and died in Atlanta August 12, 1885, at the age of fifty-four. Prior to the war Bryce Smith was a merchant in Greenville, and during that struggle served as ordnance sergeant in Haygood's Brigade. Soon after the close of the war he removed to Atlanta, and was engaged in the brokerage business there many years.
Born on a plantation near Beaufort, South Carolina, April 21,1856, C. W. Smith was brought to Atlanta early in life, attended the public schools there, and afterwards completed a course in Wofford College of Spartanburg, South Carolina, an institution of which his- able kinsmen, Dr. James H. Carlisle, and his uncle, Rev. Whitefoord Smith, were professors. After his college career
he took up the study of law in the office of the late Gen. Lucius J. Gartrell, of Atlanta, and was admitted to the bar April 20, 1876. He at once took up practice in Atlanta, and with the exception of short periods of official service has devoted his entire time to the practice of law up to June 24, 1915, wlien he accepted appointment from former Governor John M. Slaton as judge of the Stone Mountain Circuit. This circuit comprises the counties of DeKalb, Rockdale, Newton, Campbell and Clayton. There are few circuit judges in Georgia who possess such eminent qualifications for the office as Judge Smith.
His previous public service has consisted largely in a vigorous activity in behalf of his home community, though he also served as a state senator from the Thirty-fourth District in 1893-94. Since 1886 Judge Smith has lived in that section of Atlanta known as Edgewood. It was at that time a suburban town, and he was one of its founders and practically "father of the town." He organized the village, served as its first mayor and held the office for six

2164

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

consecutive years. In 1910 Edgewood was merged with Atlanta, and is now the ninth ward of the greater city. From 1912 to 1915 Judge Smith represented this ward as a member of the Atlanta City Council, resigning from that body at the time of his appointment as circuit judge. While on the bench he still continues his residence in Atlanta.
Judge Smith owns considerable valuable property in that section of Atlanta known as Edgewood, including his home, which is one of the most attractive and interesting in the city. He erected it in 1897. It is located at 161 North Whitefoord Avenue, and the ladies of Edgewood paid him a delicate compli ment in naming that thoroughfare for his middle name. By reason of his long residence in Edgewood and his intimate relations with the upbuilding of that quarter of Atlanta, Judge Smith is exceedingly popular and in many ways the citizens of Edgewood have shown their appreciation of his services. His wife shares with him that popularity. Before her marriage she was Miss Fannie H. Wright of Columbus, Georgia. They were married September 22, 1881. On their twenty-fifth wedding anniversary their friends gathered in large numbers to celebrate the event, and as a token of their esteem gave them a beautiful chest of silver. A few weeks previously, on April 21, 1906, when Judge Smith reached his fiftieth birthday, practically the entire Edgewood community gathered at his home and left with him a set of framed resolutions expressing their friendship and high esteem. The home of Judge and Mrs. Smith is not only celebrated for its charming hospitality but is of itself a rarely interesting place to visit. One room of the large residence has been set aside for the curios, relics and mementos which Judge and Mrs. Smith have gathered about them in the course of many years. Out of the many that deserve notice, there is a photographic copy of the South Carolina Ordinance of Secession passed December 20, 1860, which removed that state from the Union and virtually started the Civil war. The special interest attaching to this docu ment in Judge Smith's home is due to the fact that many of the signers of the ordinance were kinsmen of his, including Dr. James H. Carlisle, who has already been mentioned as professor in Wofford College at Spartansburg.
For eighteen years Judge Smith served in the Georgia State Militia, reach ing the rank of first lieutenant. He was in both the infantry and cavalry branches, and is now senior captain of the Governor'^ Horse Guards Associa tion of Georgia.
He is a prominent member, trustee and steward of the Epworth Methodist Episcopal Church South of Edgewood, which church organization held its first meeting in the parlors of his home. His wife selected the name for the church. Judge Smith is superintendent of the Sunday school, and has held that position continuously ever since the church was organized twenty years ago with the exception of two years during which he declined the post. In 1894 he was a member of the general conference of the church held at Memphis, Tennessee, and for the past eighteen years has been secretary of the joint board of finance of the North Georgia Conference.
In Masonry Judge Smith has attained the thirty-second 'degree of Scottish Rite and is affiliated with the Mystic Shrine. He has taken every degree in Odd Fellowship and for thirty years has been a member of the Grand Lodge of Georgia. While they have no children of their own, Judge and Mrs. Smith have reared several relatives' children including nieces and nephews, and have given them the training and advantages of their beautiful home.

JOSEPH COACHMAN WARDLAW, A. B., A. M. Atlanta, Georgia, beautiful, progressive, advancing city, sets a commendable example, and in her choice of educators has selected men of scholarly culture and of years of experience in the educational field. Among those thus representative is Prof. Joseph Coachman Wardlaw, assistant superintendent of the Atlanta public schools.
Like many other prominent professional men of the state, Professor Ward-

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2165

law was born in Georgia, at Camilla, in Mitchell County, February 3, 1876,
and is a son of Rev. Joseph Pruitt and Anna Simmie (Coachman) Wardlaw, both members of old Georgia families of note. From many evidences of a
common origin, the family believes that all the Wardlaws in America are related arid that all may trace their ancestry to a distinguished and numerous
family of Scotland, a family that has produced many famous men. Rev. Joseph Pruitt Wardlaw, father of Professor Wardlaw, was born in
Walker County, Georgia, December 12, 1847. His father, Joseph Madison Wardlaw, was born in Gwinnett County, Georgia, where his father was clerk of the court for thirty years. When the war between the states was precipi tated, Joseph P. Wardlaw, although but a schoolboy, entered 'the army and served as a Confederate soldier for several years. He then completed his
education in Emory College at Oxford, Georgia, following which he entered the ministry of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, and his service has covered almost forty-five years. He is now presiding elder of the Cordele
District of the South Georgia conference and resides at Cordele, Georgia, During this long period of ministerial service, he has been pastor of churches at the following points: Ringgold, Yaldosta, Columbus, Buena Vista, Blakely, Louisville, Guyton, Savannah, Sandersville, Cuthbert, Waynesboro, Thomas-
vine, Americus, Fort Valley and Waycross; superintendent of the South Georgia Conference Orphans' Home, and presiding elder of the Sandersville,
Valdosta, Macon, and Cordelia districts. On December 24, 1874, Rev. Joseph P. Wardlaw was married to Anna
Simmie Coachman, who was born in Deeatur County, Georgia, May 21, 1847, and died at Macon, Georgia, April 12, 1912, her burial being at Americus, Georgia. She was a daughter of John James Coachman, once an extensive planter and large slave-owner in Deeatur County. To this marriage six chil
dren were born, three sons and three daughters, Joseph C. being the first born and one of the three survivors. He has one brother, Wilkinson Coachman Wardlaw, who is a business man of Birmingham, Alabama, and one sister, Bessie May, who is the wife of Malcolm Mabry Lockhart of Athens,: Georgia.
A Methodist minister's life is one of changing homes, and Joseph C. Wardlaw grew to college age with knowledge gained in many different schools, but he was a studious youth and easily transferred from one school to another without losing interest in his books. In 1891 he entered the freshman class of Emory College and was graduated from that institution in 1895 with the degrees of A. B. and A. M. His, entire life since then has been devoted to educational work in the State of Georgia and during his twenty years of teaching experience he has so impressed himself upon his students that his name is an honored one all over the state, both because of his fidelity to the work to which he has so dedicated his life, and because of his thorough and
diversified scholarship. During 1897-8 Professor Wardlaw-did post-graduate work in the Univer
sity of Chicago; and was similarly engaged in 1902 in the University of Georgia. He was only nineteen years of age when he assumed the duties of teacher of Latin and English in Andrew College, where he continued for
two years, and for two more years he was a teacher in the Waynesboro public schools. In 1899 and in 1900 he was vice president and professor of modern languages in Union Female College at Eufaula, Alabama. During the two following years, having returned to Georgia, he was superintendent of the schools of Dublin, Georgia, and while there was also instrumental in arousing interest in and became the founder of the Dublin Chautauqua.
During the succeeding two years, Professor Wardlaw was superintendent of the schools of Thomasville, Georgia, and afterward, for one year, occupied the same position in the Albany schools; subsequently, for seven years being a teacher in the Georgia Normal and Industrial College at Milledgeville. From 1912 until 1915, he was dean and professor of psychology and pedagogy

2166

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

and director of the elementary training school in the state normal school at Athens, Georgia. On being elected assistant superintendent of the Atlanta public schools on July 1,1915, he came to Atlanta, a hearty welcome awaiting him and his wife as desirable additions to the city's cultured social life.
On December 20, 1899, Professor Wardlaw was united in marriage with Miss Edna Roberta Powell, daughter of Dr. Thomas Smiley Powell, of Cuthbert, Georgia, and they have had four sons: Joseph Powell, Donald Coachman, Ralph Wilkinson, and Roy Malcolm, but the youngest son died in Atlanta May 30, 1916, and was buried in Westview Cemetery. The three living are aged respectively fifteen, twelve and nine years. Mrs. Wardlaw was educated at Andrew College and is a lady of rare culture and many accomplishments. Professor Wardlaw and family are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South.
In addition to the educational work done by Professor Wardlaw mentioned above, for three summers, during 1903, 1912 and 1915, he was a member of the staff of administration and instruction in the University of Georgia Summer School. He belongs to numerous educational bodies, one of these being the Georgia Educational Association, of which he was elected president in 1915; he has long been identified also with the National Educational Asso ciation. His fraternal relations with the Masons and the Odd Fellows have been prized through many years and he still maintains his membership with his old college fraternity, the Phi Delta Theta.
In the summers of 1910, 1913, and 1914, Professor Wardlaw permitted himself much needed periods of relaxation, in the conducting of parties of European tourists which he employed, and in a visit to the old ancestral home in Scotland. He not only found numerous kinsmen but also many family records of great interest, including a great volume concerning the Wardlaw family, with its coat of arms. Not the least of his interesting experiences was the privilege he enjoyed of taking his walks in the City of Edinburgh, on Wardlaw Street, Wardlaw Place, and Wardlaw Terrace, all these com memorating his own forebears.

PETER EARLY, lawyer, congressman, circuit judge and tenth governor of Georgia, was born in Madison County, Virginia; on June 20, 1773, of a family which had then been settled in Virginia for four or five generations jOnd which yet has many descendants in the old dominion. He received his prepar atory studies at the Lexington Grammar School and was afterwards grad uated from Washington College. After completing his law studies in Phila delphia, he located for practice at Washington, Wilkes County, Georgia, whither his father had preceded him. In 1801, being then only twenty-eight years old, he was elected to the United States Congress, continued in that body until 1807 and then declined re-election. Returning home he was im mediately elected by the Legislature judge of the Superior Court of the Ocmulgee Circuit. At that time the position of a circuit judge was much more prominent than it is today, and in a few years Judge Early had attained such eminence that in 1813 he was easily elected governor of the state. Both the war with Great Britain and Indian troubles made his gubernatorial adminis tration peculiarly complicated and trying. At its conclusion he retired to his home in Greene County, but soon after was elected to the State Senate, and died while thus serving, August 15, 1817.

JOHN ELLIOTT, lawyer and United States Senator, was the son of Col, John Elliott and the grandson of John Elliott, who was- one of the original settlers of the famous Midway colony in Liberty County, Georgia, which with a total of seventy-one families settling there between 1754 and 1771 has furnished to the State of Georgia over 100 eminent men. John Elliott was born October 24, 1773. His people were able to give him good educational

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2167

advantages, and he graduated from Yale College in 1794, studied law, and began the practice of his profession at Sunbury, Liberty County.
On October 1', 1795, he married Esther, daughter of Dr. James Dunwoody. A daughter of this marriage, Esther Amarantha, married James Stephen Bulloch, grajncteon of Archibald Bulloch, the first governor of Georgia in the Revolutionary period, and this James Stephen Bulloch was the grandfather of Theodore Roosevelt.
Mr. Elliott practiced law with success, was chosen at different times to fill various local offices, and in 1819 was elected United States senator from Georgia, serving from December 6, 1819, to March 3, 1825. He died at Sunbury on August 9, 1827, in the fifty-fourth year of his age.

MA JOE JOHN HENRY JONES. In a number of prosperous communities of Georgia it will be found that an individual family has supplied the leadership, enterprise and the resources mainly responsible for the establishment and growth q.f the locality as a business, population and civic and social center. A special illustration of this is found in the career of the Jones family at Elberton. Elberton was established as the county seat of Elbert County in the closing decade of the eighteenth century, but for many years made little progress and was only notable as the place of holding local courts, while other towns.were the centers of local commerce. There were many wealthy planters in the community, but it is no invidious discrimination to state, what has been stated already, that Elberton owes her chief debt of gratitude to the late Major John H. Jones. It was he who laid the foundation for Elberton's development, and through his activities as a railroad builder and in other directions was responsible for the prosperity of that community.
John Henry Jones was born in Elberton October 11,1816, a son of Thomas and Eliza. (Darricotte) Jones. His father was a merchant and one of the representative citizens of Elbert County during the first half of the last century. The grandfather of Major Jones was John Jones, who was born in Maryland in 1740. In the City of Baltimore is a creek called Jones Falls, named in honor of this branch of the family. Major Jones attended the Uni versity of Georgia, from which he was graduated in 1838, and among other members of its large class were Rev. Ben Palmer, Prof. William Rutherford and Professor Sandford. After leaving school he clerked for his father, then a leading merchant at Elberton, and after five years of this experience moved to his plantation on the broad river. This land, still in possession of the children of Major Jones, came into the family under a grant from King George III. Major Jones was a soldier in the Confederate army and saw active service in Toombs Brigade. After his marriage he engaged in th merchandise business at Elberton and that developed into an establishment of great importance and with a trade all over this section of North Georgia, and is still continued by his son W. 0. Jones.
Special emphasis should be placed on the work of Major Jones as a railway builder. In 1873 Elberton was thirty miles from any railroad. Many times its citizens had tried to build a railroad and had failed. Major Jones then took up the fight, For six years he gave to this work his time and brains and character. The Elberton Air Line Railroad from Elberton to Toccoa was the result. It was completed December 5, 1878, and Elberton, now a city of upwards of 10,000, dates its progress from its completion. Major Jones was president of the company, and one of the stations along the route in Franklin County is Lavonia, a thriving town and business center, and named in honor of the wife of Major Jones. She was Lavonia (Hammond) Jones, daughter of Major Alfred Hammond, a prominent arly citizen of Elbert County.
Major Jones.joined the Masonic lodge in,early manhood, was for many years worshipful master, and held positions of trust in the state lodge. As a boy he joined the Methodist Church and was a true and devoted Christian,

2168

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

and for thirty years served as superintendent of the local Sunday school. By reason of his relations with his fellow men in the settlement of difficulties he was often called the "peacemaker." He was refined, courteous, affec tionate, good. Upon every public question he stood for the progressive and the moral. The present Elberton is his most enduring monument. He died at Elberton in 1899 at the age of eighty-three, having for more than fifty years been a conspicuous factor in the life of more than a restricted com munity of his native state. His wife passed away in 1908, also at the age of eighty-three. They were married December 19, 1843, and eight of their children grew to manhood and womanhood and six are still living, occupying positions of honor and trust in their respective communities.

W. 0. JONES, In a number of prosperous communities of Georgia it will be found that an individual family has supplied the leadership, enterprise and the resources mainly responsible for the establishment and growth of the locality as a business, population and civic and social center. A special illustration of this is found in the career of the Jones family at Elberton, now represented by W. 0. Jones, a prominent merchant, railway man and banker. It was his father who laid the foundation for Elberton's development, and through his activities as a railroad builder and in other directions was respon sible, probably in more directions than any other man, for the prosperity of
that section of Georgia.
W. 0. Jones was born at Elberton, Georgia, in September, 1861, a son of Major J. H. and Lavonia (Hammond) Jones. Majof Jones for many years was one of the leading men of his state, and in business affairs especially one of the most enterprising and farseeing. Major Jones and his wife were born in Georgia, and grew up and received their education in this state. After his marriage Major Jones started one of the first mercantile establishments in Elberton, and that developed into a business of great importance and with a trade all over this section of North Georgia and is still conducted by his son W. 0, Jones. Special emphasis should be placed on the work of Major Jones as a railway builder. He organized and constructed the Elberton Air Line Railroad, and for many years was president of the company. This road extends from Elberton to Toceoa, and one of the stations along the route, in Franklin County, is Lavonia, a thriving town and business center, and named in honor of the wife of Major Jones. Major Jones gained his title by valiant service in the Civil war. He died at Elberton, Georgia, in 1899, at the age of eighty-three, having for more than fifty years been a conspicuous factor in the life of more than a restricted community of his native state. His wife passed away in 1908, also at the age of eighty-three.
W. 0. Jones, the youngest in a family of seven children, grew up in Elberton, and attended the public schools of that city. When a young man at the outset of his career he found a position at Washington, D. C., in the Coast & Geodetic Survey, but while in its service was taken ill and returned home, and soon became identified with the management of his father's exten sive interests. Since the latter's death he has borne the chief responsibilities of managing the estate. Mr. Jones is president of the Bank of Elberton and was one of its organizers. He is president of the Elberton and Eastern Rail road and a director of the Elberton & Southern Railroad, his father having constructed the latter line. He is president of the Elberton Cotton Compress, one of the big institutions of Elberton, handling the cotton product for a large agricultural district in Elbert and adjacent counties. This firm has buyers in all the principal markets of Northeast Georgia, and exports cotton to the dif ferent counties of Europe and the continent. The list of Mr. Jones' business connections might be extended almost indefinitely, but even from what has been said it is possible to understand the importance of his position as a
business man.

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2169

Public affairs have also taken his time and energies. He served as mayor of Elberton several times, until other interests obliged him to refuse further honors. He was also a member of the city council, chairman of the board of education, and probably more than any other local citizen was responsible for the upbuilding and the maintenance of the splendid high school at Elberton, in which he takes a peculiar individual pride. He fathered the bill which created the high school district and provided for its building as one of the best structures of the kind in the state.
Mr. Jones is a democrat, and in Masonry is a Knight Templar, a Scottish Rite, and a Mystic Shriner. He is also a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks.
On January 1,1893, at Columbus, Georgia, Mr. Jones married Miss Mollie Gould Gardner, whose father, Dr. J. M. Gardner, was a well known physician and surgeon. To their marriage have been born five children, all of whom acknowledge EJberton as their birthplace. Margaret, born in 1899, is a graduate of St. Mary's College, of Burlington, New Jersey; Martha, born in 1898, is a post-graduate of the Elberton High School, and attending Sweet Briar College, Sweet Briar, Virginia; Mitta Bird, born in 1901, is a high school student; John Henry, born in 1900, is also in school; and Mamie Josephine, born in 1907. Appropriately and in consistency with his position as one of the wealthy and influential men of his section of the state, Mr. Jones owns one of the finest residences in Elbert County. It is located on College Avenue across from the fine Elberton High School, which for years has been his hobby. The home occupies a commanding site, with a splendid view of the surrounding country.

GEORGE A. JOHNS. More than fourteen years of practice at Winder has established for George A. Johns a high standing at the bar of Barrow County, where his excellent abilities and talents have been tested in much important litigation. He is a native son of Georgia, and is typical of the good citizen ship which characterizes those born in the state, and is not alone prominent in his profession, but has also attained distinction in 'military circles and in offices of public trust. Mr. Johns was born at Warrenton, Georgia, and is a son of George A. and Marguerite Louise (Williamson) Johns.
George A. Johns, Sr., was born in Virginia, and as a young man went to North Carolina, where he was residing at the outbreak of the Civil war.. He enlisted for service in the cavalry division, under the redoubtable Morgan, and served for four years, participating in numerous engagements and escap ing injury or capture. His military record was an excellent one. He was married in 1868 to Marguerite Louise Williamson, who was born in North Carolina, and shortly thereafter came to Georgia, settling at Warrenton, where Mr. Johns engaged in business as a merchant, in addition to which he carried on operations as an agriculturist. He became well and favor ably known in business circles, and as a citizen had the respect and esteem of his fellow-men. Mr. Johns died at Social Circle, in 1898, at the age of sixty-sejen years, while Mrs. Johns, who is sixty-six years' of age, survives him and makes her home at Social Circle, Georgia. There were nine chil dren in the family, of whom three are deceased.
The eldest of his parents' children, George A. Johns, attended the public schools of Social Circle, and subsequently became a student at Mercer Uni versity, Macon, Georgia, where he was graduated, in 1894. At that time he engaged in school teaching, but did not give up his ambition to engage in the law, which he studied assiduously during his leisure time to such good effect that he was admitted to the bar in 1902 and at once opened an office at Winder. Here he has continued to be engaged in practice with constantly increasing success. Mr. Johns' legal ability and broad knowledge, combined with his well known fairness and strict integrity, fitted him for judicial

2170

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

service, and for four years he sat on the bench at Jefferson, as judge of the City Court of Jefferson, having been elected to this office after a hard race against an eminent and worthy antagonist. February 1, 1915, when the new County of Barrow was formed, he resigned, and has since been engaged in private practice. Judge Johns enjoys a general practice over the West ern Circuit and is considered an expert in bankruptcy law. He was for ten years attorney for the City of Winder and is now counsel for Barrow County and for several banks and corporations. He is an honorary member of the, Georgia State Bar Association. Politically he is a democrat, and his fra ternal connections include membership in the Blue Lodge and Chapter of Masonry, "Commandery and Shrine, the Knights of Pythias, in which he has filled all the chairs and served as a representative to the Grand Lodge of the state, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Improved Order of Red Men. He has inherited a liking for military life, is well- known in mili tary circles of the state, having served on the staffs of Governors Brown and Slaton, with rank of lieutenant colonel, and was the organizer and for six years captain of Company H, of the Fifth Georgia Infantry, of which Colonel Pomeroy is the commander.
On August 15, 1900, Colonel Johns was married to Miss Sunie Jackson, daughter of Mrs. and Mrs.. H. D. Jackson, of Winder, where her father is a farmer. To this union there have been born two children: Mary Louise,. and Sunie, and both are now attending school at Winder.

HENDERSON L. LANHAM. In both contemporary and future interest and value there is no one department of this Standard History of Georgia that has more consistent functions of record than that devoted to personal and genealogical data concerning those who stand as representative factors in public, civic, professional and business affairs in Georgia, and the individual records cover a large ground, to designate with becoming appreciation the services rendered by various generations of families whose names have been prominent and influential in the annals of Georgia history.
He whose name initiates this article is making for himself secure vantageplace as one of the able and successful lawyers of the younger generation in his native City of Rome, the judicial center of Floyd County, and he is a scion of one of the old and influential families of this favored section of the Empire State of the South. He is a young man of fine intellectual and professional attainmftits, of steadfast integrity of purpose and of high ideals, so that to him success should come in his chosen vocation as a matter of natural sequence, with advancement further assured by his unqualified personal popularity.
Henderson Lovelace Lanham was born at Rome, Georgia, on the 14th of September, 1888, and is a son of John Henderson Lanham and Julia (Thomp son) Lanham, the latter a daughter of Lucian Q. C. and Julia (Davitte) Thompson. The paternal grandparents of the subject of this review were Elihu J. and Elizabeth (Camp) Lanham, the former of whom was born in South Carolina and the latter in Georgia. As a young man of sterling charac ter and marked ambition Elihu J. Lanham came to Georgia and established his residence at Rome, where he engaged in the mercantile business and where was solemnized his marriage to Miss Elizabeth Camp, a member of an old and honored family of this state. He was one of the pioneer merchants and influential citizens of the .Village of Rome and contributed his quota to its development into the prosperous and beautiful little city of the present day. The business which he thus founded in the early days is being successfully carried forward, under approved modern policies and progressive influences, by his son J. Henderson, father of him whose name introduces this sketch, and in the business Mr. Lanham has an effective coadjutor and assistant in the person of his son Roy, the extensive mercantile establishment, the largest and

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2171

most important general department store in the City of Rome, being thor oughly metropolitan in its appointments, equipment and facilities of service, and the business being now conducted under the corporate title of the Lanham Sons Company. From the modest inception of the enterprise under the direc tion of Elihu J. Lanham, scrupulous fairness and honor have marked the policies of business, and in any community it is always gratifying to find a staunch and successful business that has been for many years conducted by a single family, that has kept pace with the march of progress and that has expanded to large volume by reason of the service rendered and the high principles manifested by those in charge of the enterprise.
To meet the ever increasing trade demands placed upon this pioneer busi ness establishment, J. Henderson Lanham erected in 1907 the modern and attractive Lanham Block, a three-story brick structure that is the largest in Rome and that was specially designed to meet the requirements of a modern department store, the fine building being eligibly situated at the corner of Broad Street and Fourth Avenue. The Lanham mercantile business is of such extent as to demand for its accommodation this entire building, which affords an aggregate floor space of about 30,000 square feet. J. Henderson Lanham has proved an able and honored successor of his father both as a business man and as a progressive, liberal and public-spirited citizen. He is one of the most substantial capitalists of Floyd County, has been a leader in community affairs and has been specially liberal in the supporting of meas ures and enterprises projected for the general good of the community, besides having been one of the foremost contributors to the material upbuilding of the fine little city that has ever represented his home. He was one of the organizers and ^corporators of the Forest Hotel Company, of which he is a director, and this company, all of whose stockholders are residents of Floyd County, has erected in the City of Rome, at a cost of $150,000, one of the most modern and attractive hotel buildings in the state, this building having been completed in April, 1915, and constituting one of the most effective evidences of civic loyalty and progressiveness to be found in any city of Georgia. Mr. Lanham is a leader in the activities of the Rome Chamber of Commerce and in the furtherance of its high civic ideals. He is a Knights Templar Mason, is a stalwart democrat in politics, and both he and his wife are influential members of the local congregation of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South. Of the four children the firstborn is Henderson L., to whom this sketch is dedicated; Julia died at the age of twelve years; Roy is associated with his father in business, as already noted in this context; and Felix, who was graduated in the Georgia School of Technology, as a member of the class of 1912, is a mechanical engineer by profession and is now a resident of Newnan, Coweta County. *
In the public schools of Rome, Henderson L. Lanham continued his studies until he had completed the curriculum of the high school, and after his graduation he was matriculated in the University of Georgia, in which he was graduated as a member of the class of 1910, with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. He had simultaneously carried forward a 'course in the law department of the university, and in 1911 he received from his alma mater the supple mental degree of Bachelor of Laws. The further to fortify himself, Mr. Lan ham forthwith entered historic old Harvard University, in which he completed a post-graduate course and from which he received in 1912 the degree of Master of Arts. It is scarcely necessary to state that marked mental alertness and assiduous application are indicated when a young man is able to compass a work that brings to him three university degrees within the period of five years.
Initiating the practice of his profession at Rome in 1914, Mr. Lanham is bringing to bear the same determined spirit and consonant idealism that were manifested by him during his university days, and through both character and

2172

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

achievement he cannot but confer dignity and distinction on the profession of his choice and the city and state of his birth. Inherent predisposition and well fortified convictions cause this ambitious young attorney to accord stanch - allegiance to the democratic party, and he is a zealous member of the Meth odist Episcopal Church, South, in the faith of which he was reared and in the Sunday school of which in his native city he is an earnest, efficient and popular teacher. Mr. Lanham is a young man of vitality, ambition and steadfast purpose, his circle of friends is coincident with that of his acquain tances, and he finds his chief recreation of athletic order through indulgence in tennis and basket-ball

JOSEPH B. PATTON. One of the most important industries in the City of Rome for over thirty years was the Patton Sash, Door & Building Company, now known as the Southern Lumber & Box Manufacturing Company. This institution was founded more than thirty years ago by a member of the Patton family and has always been conducted as a family business. It is not only an industry that is highly creditable to its founders and builders, but of great importance to the city in which it is located, since it employs many men, requires a large amount of capital for its operation, and has done much to create permanent value in this community.
The founder of this business was the late Joseph B. Patton, who was born in Nashville. Tennessee, and died at Rome, Georgia, in 1906 at the age of sixty-four. He came to Rome in 1880 to follow his regular vocation, and after a year his enterprise led him to establish a planing mill. That was the beginning of a now large manufacturing plant. He had little capital, and for several years the output of his shop was distinguished for quality rather than quantity. In time it developed a custom beyond the limits of the home locality, and had-a growing business in the manufacture of doors, sash, floor ing, ceiling and other interior furnishing. In 1892 Joseph Patton incor porated the business under the name Patton Sash, Door & Building Company, and after that was its president and active head. At the time of the incorporation a modern brick factory was erected on "West Fifth Avenue, and since then the scale of manufacture has been rapidly growing. For more than thirty years this has been an institution in Rome, and at the present time during busy seasons as many as 120 men are employed in the shops. It is one of the best known manufacturing establishments of the kind in Northern Georgia. The late Joseph B. Patton was for many years recognized as a public spirited factor in the progress of Rome. He married Laura J. Mclnturff, who died at the age of sixty-three. They were the parents of six
children, all of them natives of Tennessee. William Alexander Patton, the oldest of the children, who died June 18,
1903, grew up in the lumber manufacturing business of his father, and at the time of his death had large interests in a similar industry, the Oneill Manu facturing Company of Rome; he married Miss Ida Nevin, who died in 1910, leaving three children, born in Rome, and named: William A. Mitchell, Albert
Nevin Patton and Ida May Patton. Charles E. Patton, the second son, was born at Nashville, Tennessee,
November 12, 1871, received his education partly in Nashville and partly in the public schools of Rome, has been a resident of Rome since 1880, and at an early age became active assistant to his father, and succeeded the latter as
president of the company. The third son, Harry E. Patton, is engaged in the real estate and insurance
business at Atlanta. The only daughter is Laura May, wife of E. F. Shrop
shire of Rome. The fourth son, Joseph B. Patton, was born in Nashville, Tennessee, July
24, 1879. Mr. Patton is affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and with the Modern Woodmen of America, and in politics is inde-

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2173

pendent on national questions but locally a democrat. He and all his family are members of the Baptist Church, though his wife belongs to the Methodist Church. Mr. Patton was married at Dawson Springs, Kentucky, November 9, 1912, to Miss Catherine Gleaves. She was born at Paducah, Kentucky, a daughter of Eugene and Catherine (Lowe) Gleaves. Her father is engaged in the furniture business at Paducah, Kentucky, and her mother is now deceased.

WILLIAM SINCLAIR ROWELL. Senior member of the firm of Rowell & Davis at Rome, Mr. Rowel] has been a member of the Georgia bar for a quarter of a century and his father before him was distinguished as a lawyer and by high place in the official public life of this state, while on his mother's side his grandfather was equally notable for his attainments in the law and also in public affairs.
"William Sinclair Rowell was born in Clarkesville, Habersham County, Georgia, December 6, 1867. His parents were Christopher and Sarah L. (Underwood) Rowell. His Grandfather Rowell, who was born near Florence, Alabama, was reared in his home state, was liberally educated, and for many years was prominent both as a physician and planter, and owned a large plantation and many slaves prior to the war. The late Christopher Rowell, who was born in Alabama, graduated in law from Princeton University, and in 1851 took up his residence at Rome, coming from Clarkston. During the war he was a member of the staff of Gen. Frank Cheatham, and afterwards served as a member of the Constitutional Convention of 1877, which framed the present organic law of Georgia. For many years he was one of the leading attorneys of Rome, and continued in practice there until his death in 1903 at the age of sixty-nine years. His wife, Sarah L. Underwood, who died at Rome in 1907, at the age of sixty-five, was a daughter of Hon. J. W. H. Underwood, who at the beginning t)f the war between the states held a seat in the United States Congress as representative from a Georgia district. He was a lawyer of broad experience and talent, and iii his home State of Georgia was for several terms speaker of the House of Representatives, a judge of the Superior Court, and held other public offices. Judge Underwood died in 1888 at the age of seventy-two.
William Sinclair Rowell, who was the oldest of a family of six children, had those advantages of culture and environment which are distinctive of old Southern families, and acquired most of his early education under private instruction. He afterwards entered the University of the South at Sewanee, Tennessee, took his collegiate course there, and read law in the offices of Under wood & Rowell, his grandfathers, at Rome. Mr. Rowell was admitted to the practice of law in 1890, and has since, achieved many of the best honors and rewards of his profession. For twelve years Mr. Rowell served as referee in bankruptcy, having been appointed in 1900 by Judge Newman as successor to Col. John C. Printup, when the latter resigned that office. For several years Mr. Rowell has been and is still an associate editor of the Rome Tribune Herald. In politics he is a democrat, and for a number of years has been a worker in behalf of party organization and in the cause of enlightened govern ment. Mr. Rowell is a member of the Episcopal Church.

ISAAC BUCKINGHAM ENGLISH. The late Capt. Isaac Buckingham English, during his life one of the leading citizens of Macon, was born in Smyrna, Delaware, on May 2, 1836, and died at his home in the former city on Jan uary 22, 1908. After the war, in which he served as a Confederate soldier, he returned to Macon, and entered mercantile pursuits, in 1873 forming a business partnership with an army comrade under the firm name of Campbell & English. In 1877 he became a member of the cotton firm of English, Huguenin and Company, Col. E. D. Huguenin, one of the most prominent

2174

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

men of that day, being his partner. In 1886 Colonel Huguenin was forced to retire by reason of bad health, and the firm of I. B. English and Com pany was then formed, consisting of Mr. English, J. M. Johnston and.August Warnke. Later R. W. Johnston purchased the interest of August Warnke, and the firm became English, Johnston and Company. Captain English established the first cotton compress in Macon, and the second in the state, which was conducted very successfully, and later merged in the Atlantic Compress Company. In the Chamber of Commerce, and in every other or ganization calculated to build up the welfare of the community, he was a
leader.

LAWTON B. EVANS was born in the Town of Lumpkin, Stewart County, Georgia, October 27, 1862. After graduating from Emory College, Oxford,
Georgia, he pursued a course at the University of Georgia which brought him the M. A. degree. While thus engaged he began work upon the " History of Georgia," which was adopted by the state as a text book in 1903.
In 1882 he was elected superintendent of the Richmond county schools, and the educational work so grew upon him that he abandoned his legal ambitions and has since devoted himself to the development of the public school systems
of Augusta and Richmond County. When the State Normal School began, in 1892, Superintendent Evans
was called to take charge of the infant institution and became its president for the few weeks during the summer when it was in operation. This he did for three successive years, each summer adding to the popularity and efficiency of the school. When the institution received considerable appro priations from the state and assumed the size and dignity of an all-the-yearround school, Superintendent Evans declined to continue at its head, and turned it over to those who have since made it such a noble and helpful institution.
In addition to the History of Georgia already mentioned, Superintendent Evans is the author of two books on language, one entitled "Language Les sons/' and the other "English Grammar."- Another publication by Mr. Evans is entitled "Lectures on School Supervision." In addition to these books, Mr. Evans has long been a constant' contributor to the many school journals of the country in articles and discussions on all phases of his pro
fessional experience. As a lecturer and platform speaker on the subject of education, Mr.
Evans has long been in demand in most of the summer schools and Chautauquas of the South. He has been in the faculty of the summer school at Knoxville since its beginning, being one of the few lecturers who have returned each year. He has spoken at the summer schools in South Carolina, Geor gia, and Alabama, and at the assemblies at Albany, Monteagle and elsewhere, being always heard by large and appreciative audiences,

HON. HARRY JOHNSON. The present judge of probate for Floyd County, Harry Johnson, has spent his life in and about Rome, and in that section of the state is esteemed for many admirable qualities of personality and useful,
relations with his community.
Harry Johnson was born at Rome June 6, 1875, a son of Henry J. and Margaret Josephine (Rhudy) Johnson. His father was born in North Caro
lina and his mother in Georgia, The grandfather, Harry Johnson, was a planter and slave owner in North Carolina, prosperous in business affairs and prominent as a citizen. His death occurred at a good old age in 1886. Henry J. Johnson came to Rome in 1852 to take a place as clerk in thew store of Mr. Pitner. After several years failing health compelled him to leave Georgia, and he spent several years in states further west. The outbreak of the war found him in Arkansas, where he enlisted in a Confederate Cavalry Regiment,

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2175

and served until an injury disabled him for further duty. He then returned to Rome and during -the latter part of the war worked as passenger con ductor on the old State Railroad, between Rome and Atlanta. He was engaged in merchandising at Rome as one of the firm of Johnson & Jones. In 1868 he was elected judge of probate for Floyd County. Again and again the favor of that position was bestowed upon him by the electorate, and he continued to give it his best attention and energies until his death in 1893. This service of a quarter of a century was notable not only for its length, but for the care and fidelity with which Judge Johnson discharged the many delicate and important duties that came under his jurisdiction. He was sixty-three years of age at the time of his death, and had served nine months on the last term to which he had been chosen. He was a lifelong and active democrat, and he and his wife were leaders in the Methodist Episcopal Church, and he is remem bered as the founder of the Broad Methodist Episcopal Church in South Rome, where he and his family resided for several years. The late Judge Johnson was a man of generous disposition, and often contributed for charitable pur poses more than he- could really afford. He lived usefully, gave of the best in his power to his office, and besides the home which he had built for his family left little at his death except the honor of a stainless reputation. His widow survived him until 1910, passing away at the age of sixty-five, and both are laid to rest in the Myrtle Hill Cemetery at Rome. They were the parents of a large family of twelve children, all of whom were born in Rome. The late Judge and Mrs. Johnson were married in 1870. The children are briefly mentioned: Sumter J., who died in infancy; Cora, wife of Robert M. Moss of Rome; Effie-Johnson, who since her mother's death.has become the house keeper in the old Johnson homestead; Judge Johnson; Marvin Johnson of Rome; Mabel, wife of Charles 0. Walden, who is at the present time a council man in Rome; Miss Blanche, at home; John and Benjamin, twins, who died in infancy; Caroline, wife of John Selvidge, a merchant at Rome; Phoebe Inez, wife of Caperton Wooten of Rome; and Irvine, wife of T. B. House,
of Rome.
Harry Johnson was eighteen years of age at the time of his father's death, and being the oldest son took the place of the father in the home, and has since devoted the best resources of his life to the rearing and education of his younger brothers and sisters, and also, providing for his mother during her remaining years. "With an education in the grammar and high schools, at the time of his father's death he became clerk in the dry goods store of H. B. Parks & Company at Rome, and was one of the steady and efficient employes of that firm for ten years. He left Rome to become identified with the Massachusetts Milling Company at Lindale, in Floyd County, and that was his business connection for eight years. In 1912 Mr. Johnson was given an honor well bestowed on account of his individual fitness and also as a tribute to the service of his father by election to the office of probate judge of Floyd County. His administration has been one of real service to the community, and he enjoys the good will of all who have had relations with that depart ment of county business.
Judge Johnson like his father is an active democrat, is past master of Lindale Lodge No. 455, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, a member of the Royal Arch Chapter, of Lindale Lodge No. 46, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, past chancellor of Lindale Lodge No! 110, Knights of Pythias, and also a member of the Improved Order of Red Men at Rome. Judge Johnson is a steward in the Methodist Episcopal Church. He is unmarried.

WADE COTHRAN HOYT. A member of a notable North Georgia family, Wade C. Hoyt is one of the progressive and vigorous young men of Rome, and while to the upbuilding of the business interests with which he is con nected, has also manifested an unquestionable devotion to the public welfare
Vol. IV-22

2176

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

and is a constant worker and planner for the upbuilding of Rome as an industrial and civic center. Mr. Hoyt is secretary and treasurer of the Rome Supply Company and also of the Commercial Printing Company, .and was one of the incorporators of both these concerns, of which Moultrie S. Lanier is president. The Rome Supply Company was incorporated in 1905, succeed ing the Hanson Supply Company. It is the largest concern of its kind in Northwest Georgia engaged in the plumbing, heating and electrical supply and contracting and roofing and sheet metal works. Outside of purely indus trial or manufacturing establishments, this company has the largest payroll of any business institution in Rome, keeping thirty or more persons employed in its works. The Commercial Printing Company is also incorporated, and is the largest commercial printing business in Rome, with a highly developed posi tion and ample facilities to supply printing of all kinds. This company carries about fifteen employes on its payroll.
Wade Cothran Hoyt was born in Rome July 26, 1879, son of'Robert T. and Anna (Cothran) Hoyt. The Hoyt family ancestry goes back in England to the fifteenth century. The paternal grandfather was Nathan Hoyt, who was born at Atlanta, Georgia. Robert T. Hoyt's sister was the wife of Rev. Edward Axson, a Presbyterian minister, and their daughter, Helen Louise Axson, was the late Mrs. Woodrow Wilson. Mrs. Wilson spent part of her girlhood in Rome, and was buried there, and at the funeral the first cousins were pallbearers, including Wade C. Hoyt, Nathan C. and Robert M. Hoyt and Edward Brown. Mr. Hoyt's maternal grandfather, Wade S. Cothran, was a native of South Carolina, but spent most of his life in Rome, and was prominent as a business executive and banker, was president of one of the city banks, and supplied the financial organization for the building of the Rome Railway, of which he was president, and which is now a part of the Western & Atlantic system. Mr. Hoyt's mother is still living in Rome and is the oldest living member of the First Presbyterian Church. Robert T. Hoyt was a native of Athens, Georgia, and though he died at the age of fifty, in 1886, had built up a business which made him the chief factor in the drug trade at Rome, He was a member of the Presbyterian Church and a Mason. There were six children in the family: One died in infancy; Annie Laurie died at the age of eighteen; Mary is the wife of Frank C. Gilbreath of Atlanta; Nathan C. lives in Rome; Wade C.; and Robert M., also of Rome.
Wade C. Hoyt was well educated, attended the grammar and high schools, and also took a course in the Rome Business College. At the age of twenty he began working as clerk with the Hanson Supply Company, and continued with that concern with growing experience and increasing ability until 1905, with the exception of one year, as bookkeeper for the Georgia Foundry and Machine Company. In 1905 he bought the Hanson Supply Company asso ciated with Mr. M. S. Lanier, and they reorganized it as the Rome Supply
Company. Under the present title the business has had a steady and pros
perous growth and supplies a service not only in Rome but over a wide
surrounding territory. Mr. Hoyt is affiliated with the Woodmen of the World, is a member of
the First Presbyterian Church, and belongs to the Country Club and enjoys
outdoor sports of all kinds. Politically he is a democrat. He was married
in Rome October 28,1902, to Miss Bertha Clemmons of Summerville, Georgia.
Their two children are: Elizabeth Cothran, born at Rome December 22, 1906;
and Wade C. Jr., born at Rome November 27, 1915. Mr. Hoyt and family
live in one of the finest residences at Rome, at the corner of Sixth Avenue
and West First Street. This beautiful colonial mansion was erected by his
father many years ago, and has long been a landmark in the residential
district.

. ./

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2177

THOMAS HUDSON BAKER, M. D. Of the men who have conferred most benefit upon the life and affairs of Bartow County during the past half cen tury, the name that would be instinctively mentioned at the beginning is that of Dr. Thomas 'Hudson Baker. Doctor Baker is a product of the old southern planter class aristocracy, and is himself a southern gentleman of the old school, and owns what is probably the finest country estate in Bartow County. He was graduated in medicine shortly before the war between the states, served with distinction as a surgeon and soldier in that struggle, and since
the fall of 1865 has been continuously engaged in practice at Cartersville and in Bartow CountyN He is now the oldest medical man both in years of prac tice and in age in that section of Georgia. His service has been commensurate with the length of years in practice, and among the wide circle of his patients he has been both a friend and a physician. Doctor Baker is a man of gentle manner in all his dealings, and while possessing the dignity of the true leader among men has been a kindly friend to all classes, and to paraphrase an old adage, rich and poor alike have been served by him without discrimination.
Dr. Thomas Hudson Baker was born in that portion of Cass County now Bartow County, April 28, 1839, a son of Jesse and Parthenia (Moss) Baker. His father was born in the Pendleton District of South Carolina, and his mother in Haversham County, Georgia. His father was born in 1800, moved from South Carolina, bringing his slaves, to Haversham County, Georgia, in the early '20s, and was married there in 1825, and in 1834 removed to Cass County. In the years before the war he was one oi the largest and most prominent planters in Georgia, owned a number of large estates, comprising at one time about 10,000 acres, and as he rode about his fields, directing the work and the manifold affairs under his supervision, was an eminent repre sentative of the'old-fashioned southern aristocrat, the kindly master, respected both at home and abroad. He was a whig in politics, and a personal friend of General Scott and Franklin Pierce. For himself he would never accept any political honors. In 1870 while riding, his horse ran away and threw him, killing him instantly. His wife, who was born January 10, 1809, died in 1894. Of their twelve children only two are still living, one of them Doctor Baker and the other Jesse Albert Baker, .now a prominent attorney at "Womack, Oklahoma.
Doctor Baker received his early education in Bartow County,. attended higher schools at Talledega and other places, and at the age of eighteen entered a university at Washington and later the University of Maryland at Balti more, where he was graduated M. D. in 1860. At the beginning of the war he went to Richmond and was accepted as an assistant surgeon in the Reser voir Hill Hospital, and subsequently passed an examination and was made chief surgeon of Wofford's Brigade. For some time he commanded Com pany K in a Georgia regiment, and was with General Walker in the battle of Seven Pines and around Richmond until transferred. He participated in both battles of Manassas, at South Mountain, at Seven Pines, the seven days' fighting around Richmond, and at the battle of Sharpsburg was shot while bearing a message from General Wofford to Colonel Darrah.
After the war Doctor Baker returned home and on October 6, 1865, wrote his first prescription as a private physician. From that day to the present he has been not only the capable and kindly physician but has been perhaps the chief factor in the life of Bartow County. During 1873-74-75-76 he represented the county in the Legislature. Those were stirring days, soon after the close of the reconstruction period, and he did much important work. He was influential in settling up the affairs of Rufus B. Bullock, and also made the report on the invalidity of the supplementary bond issue for the Macon & Brunswick Railway. He made the minority report on the financial condition of the Alabama & Great Southern Railway. Doctor Baker was again in the Legislature as state senator in 1889-90 and 1900-01. During the

2178

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

last session he was majority leader in the Senate. One of the bills he intro duced in the Senate was one providing for the teaching of hygiene and toxicology in the public schools.
During his many years of practice it is said that Doctor Baker has ridden about Bartow County over the country roads attending his patients for a greater aggregate of miles than any other doctor in Georgia. In the adminis tration of physic there has never been a physician who could excel him in beneficial results. Doctor Baker joined the Masonic order in 1866, and has been identified with that ancient fraternity nearly fifty years and is now a member of the Royal Arch Chapter. Doctor Baker has never married. Like his father he is a man of vigorous constitution, stands 6 feet 2 inches and weighs 240 poun'ds, and when in his prime was noted as an athlete, a man strong in body as well as in mind and character. He is the owner of more than 5,000 acres of farm lands in Bartow County, and most of this he rents out, but 800 acres, comprising a model plantation, he cultivates under his imme diate direction and takes great pride in improvements on the farm and in his crops of grain and cotton. Doctor Baker is a man of wealth, but important though his benefactions have been in a material sense his greatest service has been rendered in the relations of man to man, and he has been easily one of
the upstanding and most prominent characters of Bartow County in the last generation.

JUDGE A. R. WEIGHT. One of the eminent lawyers and jurists of Georgia

during the middle period of the nineteenth century was Augustus R. Wright,

who died at his country home, Glennwood, near Rome, March 31, 1891. His

official distinction include service on the Superior Court for the Rome District,

membership in the Congress of the United States just before the war, also he

sat as a member of the Confederate Congress, having yielded up the privilege

of serving his Southland in the army in order to sit in the civil councils of

the government. He was for many years in active practice at Rome, and is

remembered as a man of unimpeachable character, of unusual intellectual

endowments, with a thorough understanding of the law, of a charming person

ality, and with a record of exemplary purity of public and private life and

as an ideal follower of his great calling.

Augustus R. Wright was born at Wrightsboro, Columbia County, Georgia,

June 16, 1813, and was in his seventy-eighth year at the time of his death.

His father, William Wright, was one of the earliest settlers of Columbia

County, and from overseer on a plantation worked his way to <the position of

a wealthy farmer and highly respectable citizen, and at one time represented

his county in the Legislature. Judge Wright's mother was Miss Mary McCall,

of Screven County, Georgia, representing a large and well known family

in Southern Georgia and Florida. Through one line of ancestry is traced a

near kinship with George Washington.

The late J.udge Wright spent his boyhood in Augusta, Georgia, and on a

farm six miles distant from Appling. While attending school at Appling

he rode from home each morning and returned in the evening, and was after

wards a pupil in the grammar school at Athens, and in August, 1828, entered

the freshman class at Franklin College in Athens, in the same class with

A. H. Stevens, and was also a college mate of Howell Cobb. Both during his

college career and afterwards Judge Wright was distinguished for his keen

perception and a gifted intellectuality that enabled him to secure knowledge

without the necessity of plodding. Before completing his university course

he left school and took up the study of law at Appling in his native county.

He afterwards attended one of the most celebrated law schools in the United

States at that time, at Litchfield, Connecticut. Returning South in 1832,

Judge Wright attended lectures in Augusta and while there consummated a

romantic attachment which should be placed on record in this sketch. Miss

-f

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2179

Elizabeth Richardson, a girl of fourteen, was at that time attending boarding school, and he, a youth of nineteen, won her affection and they ran away and were married privately before a magistrate. Major Armstead Richardson refused to recognize the marriage, removed his daughter from the boarding school, and took her home, refusing admittance to her husband. By inter position of friends, the father was won over to sympathy for the young couple, and they were married a second time in the presence of parents and friends.
Judge Wright was admitted to the bar in 1835, and opened an office in Crawfordville. His expenses were greater than his income, and in the follow ing year he began life over again, locating at Cassville in Cherokee County. It is said that Judge Wright and wife came to Cassville in an old-fashioned, two-wheeled buggy, without household possessions and with nothing except his indomitable energy and pluck, and education, to supply him advancement in this new field. Here in a short time his professional fortunes took on a prosperous turn, and he was soon recognized as one of the leading lawyers of the Cherokee bar, associating on terms of easy equality with such distin guished men as Underwood, Shackelford, Trippe and others.
Soon after attaining the constitutional age, he was made candidate of the whig party for Congress on the general ticket system to fill a vacancy. His party was in the minority in the State, but it is said that he won his spurs in that contest as a vigorous and effective campaigner. At the next general election he was again proposed as a candidate by his friends, and again defeated. In the Cherokee country, however, he was by large odds the most popular favorite of the ticket.
Eight years after beginning practice, when twenty-nine years of age, Mr. Wright was elected by the legislature judge of the Superior Courts of the Cherokee Circuit. He filled that office seven years, finally resigning to resume private practice. In the meantime, in 1855, he removed from Cassville to Rome, which city was his home thereafter until his death.
For a numbers of years the late Judge Wright was one of the stanch advocates and eloquent defenders of the principles of the whig party. How ever, in 1852, he supported the nomination of General Pierce, but took no active part in politics during those years. With the appearance of the Knownothing or American party during the middle '50s, he became actively hostile to that organization and was thenceforth aligned with the democratic party. He was democratic candidate in 1856 to represent the Fifth District in Congress, and sat in the National House of Representatives for two terms during the administration of President Buchanan. In Congress as well as at home he showed himself a stanch advocate of the true Southern interests, though believing in an amicable adjustment of the physical difficulties which were then verging to Civil war. Of his record as a congressman it should be recalled that he was the author of a homestead bill, containing provision for homestead entry very similar to those which subsequently became law, and under the terms of which the great public domain of the United States was parceled out to settlers.
In the great presidential contest of 1860 between Douglas and Lincoln, Judge Wright took an active part, and with Mr. Stephens and others canvassed the sections of Georgia, and did all in his power to secure the election of Mr. Douglas upon the Cincinnati platform. After the states seceded, Judge Wright was nominated by the Fifth Congressional District as a candidate for the Southern Congress in the Milledgeville Convention. Although opposing secession, he yielded to the call of his state and acted with it and for it throughout the war. He obtained permission from the Confederate Congress to raise a legion, and assembled his companies near Atlanta, but not having succeeded in securing the requisite number of companies the Wright's Legion was mustered in with the Thirty-eighth Georgia Regiment. A demand by the Civil Government for his services induced him to resign his position in the

2180

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS '

army, and thereafter he gave most of his time to the civil government. At the close of the war he was disfranchised, and made no effort for restoration in the rights of citizenship.
Judge Wright 's first wife died in 1845, the mother of six children. Decem ber 25, 1847, he married Miss A. E. Allman, daughter of Nelson Allman, a prominent farmer of Chattooga County. She bore him seven sons and four daughters. Thus Judge Wright was the father of eighteen children, and during his lifetime his grandchildren numbered fully two score, with several great-grandchildren.
Concerning the career of this distinguished Georgian there have appeared many estimates and tributes, which can be only briefly quoted and condensed. As a pen sketch the following paragraph is taken from '' The Life and Times of Joseph E. Brown," one of whose contemporaries was the late Judge Wright: "Wright is of somewhat spare and erect, but of strong and durable, as well as active body; full of emotion, impetuous and rapid in all his mental operations. He loves truth and despises consistency when the two seem to come into con flict. Has the reputation of being changeable in religion and in politics; is a man of learning as well as accurate thought, never was a student in the ordinary acceptation of the word, for he is a genius, takes in, absorbs and com prehends things without mental plodding. His speeches always draw crowds at the bar and on the hustings; full of wit and humor with a thorough under standing of human passion and sympathy. His voice is like a clarion in clearness and expansive power, and in issues that call forth his great exertions his eloquence rises to grandeur and sublimity."
As a lawyer Judge Wright occupied an enviable eminence, though his friends did not claim .for him a place in the front ranks of jurists. As a judge his administration was marked with uncommon ability, and as an advocate he was particularly strong. He possessed a talent for extemporaneous speak ing in almost unrivalled perfection. With little claim to any of the advan tages derived from an imposing or commanding person, yet no speaker sooner fixed the attention and enlisted the sympathy of his audience. Of his work as a trial lawyer and advocate it has been written: "An emotional nature, surcharged with eloquent feeling; a heart full of generous impulse and manly sympathy; a memory retentive, ready, laden with the facts of history and abounding in classical allusions; a robust logic of commonsense; a wit prompt, pure and sparkling; a sarcasm keen and caustic; an elocution impassioned and overwhelming; persuasive and pathetic as occasion might require; these were some of the constituents of his eloquence, which, with the stimulus of a lofty ambition, vindicate his claim to the place we assign him among the masters of spoken thought."
Of his general wort and position in the community, this sketch may close with some extracts from, an editorial in the Rome Tribune: '' The work he did of a public natuVe was always in the interest of the people. From his youth up he was in close sympathy with them; and throughout all the political or economic changes which took place while he lived, he held with singular consistency to the principles which grew out of the eternal right of human beings to enjoy peace and happiness. Judge Wright had nothing of the negative in his mental composition. He was distinctly a positive influence. Once convinced that a position assumed by him was right, he held it with the very strongest grasp. He was not abusive in the forum or in the public prints, \but he was forcible. He spoke and wrote his thoughts in plain AngloSaxon, and he spoke and wrote without circumlocution. When he thought it necessary to strike, he struck blows that told. In consequence of these char acteristics, Judge Wright often antagonized other men, and there were times when some of them felt bitterly toward him. But no man ever justly charged Judge Wright with malice or any other intentional wrong. A distinguished lawyer has said that Judge Wright was the peer of any man ever admitted to

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2181

the bar of Georgia, His triumphs in his chosen profession are matters both of tradition and of record. The historian who shall write the story of Georgia's
first two centuries will place Judge Wright's name in the forefront of the long list of those who have renown in the noble profession to which he added lustre.
In private life Judge Wright was as much as influence for good as he was in public life. His life as a church member or rather, his life as a Christianwas consistent and unostentatious. What course he pursued toward his fellows in every day life, the testimony of those who were his neighbors best describe. 'He Avas a good neighbor,' they say, and nothing need be added."

HON. MOSES WEIGHT. One of the several sons of the late Judge A. R.

Wright who have attained distinction in professional affairs, Moses Wright,

is now serving as judge of the Superior Court for Floyd County, and as a

lawyer his record as an advocate measures up to the splendid attainments of

his father and he is easily one of the leaders of his profession in the modern

Georgia bar.

.

Moses Wright was born in Rome, Georgia, February 19, 1866, a son of

Augustus R. and A. E. (Allman) Wright. He received his early education

in private schools at Rome, and was graduated from the law department of

the University of Georgia. His first practice was at Bridgeport, Tennessee,

but three years later he returned to Rome, and became a member of the firm

of Harper & Wright, his associate being Donald Harper. In 1900 Mr. Wright

was elected solicitor general of the Rome District on the democratic ticket,

and served one term. He was next, appointed judge of the Superior Court

to fill out the unexpired term of Hon. W. M. Henry, and on the expiration

of the appointed term was elected judge of the Superior Court. He filled

that office with distinction until 1908. In that year he was democratic can

didate for Congress, being defeated by Gordon Lee. After this excursion

into national politics Judge Wright resumed the private practice of law asso

ciated'with Richard A. Denny, under the name Denny & Wright. This firm

was regarded during its existence as the leading firm of lawyers in Floyd

County. In 1913 Judge Wright was again called from private practice to

assume the responsibilities of a position on the bench, having been appointed

to fill the unexpired term of Hon. John H. Maddox as judge of the

Superior Court, Judge Maddox having resigned to accept the presidency of

the State Mutual Life Insurance Company. In August, 1914, at the first

regular election, Judge Wright was elected to the bench, and has now filled

that judicial office for a number of years. He has brought to the bench the

very highest qualifications for this responsible office, and his record as a judge

has been in harmony with his record as a man and lawyer, distinguished by

unswerving integrity and a masterful grasp of every problem presenting

itself for solution. While an able and impartial judge, he is at the same time

one of the most popular men in public life in Northern Georgia.

Judge Wright is a Knight Templar Mason, affiliates with the Benevolent

and Protective Order of Elks, and is a member of the First Baptist Church.

Outside of his profession he finds his recreation chiefly in his garden and an

occasional hunting trip. He was married at Rome to Miss Bessie Berry,

daughter of Thomas Berry, one of the prominent citizens and a member of a

pioneer family in Northern Georgia. Mrs. Wright is an active member of the

Episcopal Church, and a leader in church and social events. To their marriage

have been born three children.

LEVI PIERCE HAMMOND, M. D. For thirty-five years Dr. L. P. Hammond has beBn in the active practice of medicine and surgery at Rome. His profes sional attainments class him among the ablest members of the profession in North Georgia, and it would be impossible to estimate the usefulness of such a man to any community. He has always enjoyed a large and profitable

2182

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

practice, and his kindly sympathy has led him to give his services and experience in hundreds of cases where no financial remuneration could be expected.
Levi Pierce Hammond was born in Floyd County, Georgia, July 28, 1856, and represents one of the oldest family connections in this state. His parents were Hiram and Emily (Thomas) Hammond, also natives1 of Georgia. There were three Irish brothers who left their native land in 1765, and the descend ants of one of whom settled in Hall County, Georgia, and thus brought the name to this country and to this state. These brothers bore the familiar Irish name 0'Hammond, and it was only in the second generation of their Amer ican residence that the 0' was dropped from use. The pioneer wasi a pros pector, miner and planter and in the early days did mining for gold on the Chattahoochee River. He was also a member of the Colonial Legislature. Jn the next generation is found the great-great-grandfather of Doctor Hammond. He became a man of prominence, and a planter in Hall County. Grand father William Hammond was also a planter, and married Millie Whitworth, who was born in Hall County. William Hammond died at the age of eighty years, and his wife at the age of sixty-nine. Hiram Hammond, father of Doctor Hammond, was the oldest in a family of sixteen children, and spent most of his life as a planter in Floyd County. During the war he was a ser geant in Foster's company for four years, was wounded at the Battle of Chickamauga, and while convalescing was captured and taken to the Federal Prison at Camp Douglas in the City of Chicago. He was exchanged about the close of the war. After the war he resumed farming, rehabilitated his farms, and cultivated a fine place of 300 acres in Floyd County. His1 death occurred February 26, 1896, at the age of sixty-eight. His wife, who died at the old homestead in Floyd County, was eighty-five years of age when she passed away. For many years this has been one of the most solid and representative families in Floyd County. The parents had four children, one of whom died in infancy, and those now living are: Cicero W. C., who is operating the old homestead in Floyd County, and by his marriage to Effie Richards, a native of Floyd County and a daughter of H. H. Richards, has seven children; Linton P.; and Eva, wife of Joseph Wynn of Floyd County.
Doctor Hammond was liberally educated, though he paid for much of his early training through his own efforts. He attended private schools in Floyd County, and up to the age of twenty-one was a student in the Dahlonega Military School in Lumpkins County. His medical studies were begun under the preceptbrship of Dr. J. M. Gregory, and at the same time he earned a living as clerk in a drug store, an experience which gave him a practical knowledge of chemistry and pharmacy. At the age of twenty-two he entered the medical department of Columbia University, of New York State, graduat ing M. D. in the class of 1880. Since returning to Rome he has been con tinuously in the work of his profession, and is devoted to it both as a scholar and as a practitioner.
Doctor Hammond is a member of the Floyd County and the Georgia State Medical Society, is a Master Mason and also affiliates with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks. He seldom takes any vacation, though fond of hunting and fishing, pastimes in which he occasionally indulges.
Doctor Hammond was married August 28, 1883, in DeKalb County, Georgia, to Miss Willie B. Underwood, a native of Meriwether County, Georgia, and a granddaughter of the famous Georgia lawyer, John W. Underwood, and a daughter of Gaston and Martha (Kendall) Underwood. Mrs. Hammond is an active member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. They have reared a fine family of children, and it is with much satisfaction that Doctor Hammond can regard his efforts in giving his children the benefits of a liberal education. The first child, Wallace Howard, died at the age of twenty-two; Helen Nevin, born in Floyd County, is the wife of Demosthenes R. Rogers of Macon,

\
I
j V
'

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2183

Georgia; Lucile Marie, a native of Floyd County, is the wife of Ernest Grimm of Wagoner, Oklahoma; Henry Battey, born at Rome, and still living in that city; Willie Bertha, and Rose Underwood, now a student in Shorter College.

ROBERT WILLIAM EVERETT, of Rockmart, is a native Georgian, born in Houston County on March 3, 1839. After attending various schools of his native county Mr. Everett entered Mercer College, then located at Penh'eld, Georgia, graduated in 1859 with the degree of A. B., and later had conferred upon him the degree of A. M. From the time of his graduation until 1875, with the exception of the Civil war when he served in one of Forrest's com mands, he taught school. In 1875 he took up farming as an'Occupation and has followed that to the present time.
In 1882 the people of his county sent Mr. Everett to the Legislature, where he served until 1885. He was again sent to the Legislature in 1897 and served for that year and 1898. He took an active part in the building of the new capitol, made the minority report which saved the railroad commis sion to the state, was a strong advocate of the "Tech" school, and chairman of the agricultural committee. In 1891 he was elected to Congress, but since his retirement from that body has not been in public service.

WILLIAM HAMILTON FELTON was born in Macon County, Georgia, on Sep tember 19, 1860. He was graduated from Mercer University, with second honor, after a three years' course in that institution, in the year 1878. He then entered the University of Virginia, graduating in 1880 with the degree of B. L.
He moved to the City of Macon, Bibb County, Georgia, when twenty years of age and was admitted to the bar in December, 1880. He made rapid strides as a lawyer and, there was no interruption in this work until he was elected to the Legislature from Bibb County, serving during the sessions of 1886-1887.
In 1888 Mr. Felton was made solicitor-general of the Macon Circuit; again elected in 1892, and served in this office until he was appointed judge of the circuit by Governor W. Y. Atkinson, on the 15th of January, 1896. He has been bond commissioner for the City of Macon; a member of the Bibb County Board of Education; a trustee of the State VAcademy for the Blind; and dur ing a considerable period, professor of Criminal Law and Evidence in the Law Department of Mercer University.

ARTHUR CHURCHILL SHAMBLIN, M. D. This is a name that has had distinguished associations with the profession of medicine in both Georgia and Alabama for many years. Dr. A. C. Shamblin, one of Rome's leading and most successful practitioners, is an excellent type pf the modern and successful American physician. Through his practice he has contributed a large amount of individual service, at the same time has taken a prominent part in the organized activities of the profession, and has brought to his work technical skill, broad experience and thorough training. Doctor Shamblin is also one of the prominent Masons of the state, and his family.has been identified with that order through several generations.
Arthur Churchill Shamblin was born at Jamestown, Alabama, September 10, 1871, a son of Dr. Arnold and Louise (Bellotte) Shamblin. His father was a native of Georgia and his mother of South Carolina. The maternal grandfather, Thomas Joshua Bellotte, was a native of France, of a Huguenot family, which during his infancy crossed the ocean and settled in South Caro lina. Grandfather Bellotte was a planter and slave owner, and served his adopted country in the War of 1812 and as an officer in the Mexican war. He died at the home of Dr. Arnold Shamblin at the age of seventy-six. The Shamblin family was founded in Georgia by grandfather John L. Shamblin,

2184

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

who died at Trion, Chattooga County, at the age of eighty-eight years, having been a farmer and slave owner before the war. His wife was a Miss Stafford, a native of Tennessee. Grandfather Shamblin spent six years in the State of Missouri, and while there served in the office of sheriff of one of the counties. Dr. Arnold Shamblin made a gallant record as a soldier in the Confederate army, chiefly under Joe Wheeler in the cavalry branch. He enlisted at Rome under Major Booten, but was subsequently transferred to Wheeler's command. He was with the Twelfth Alabama Cavalry, and was promoted from lieutenant to captain, and also served as field surgeon. He was wounded at Petersburg, Virginia, and sustained another wound during a skirmish. Much of his service was in the southern states, and he participated in the battles of Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge, Shiloh and Corinth. He had begun the practice of medicine at Alpine, Georgia, before the war, and after the war engaged in practice at Jamestown, Alabama. He had a large and successful practice, and also owned and conducted through tenants a fine farm in the Broomtown Valley of Alabama. He is now living at the age of eighty years, after a long and useful career, at the home of his son in Rome. He also took considerable part in democratic politics, and represented Cherokee County in the Alabama Legislature. He is a stanch Jeffersonian democrat. He is likewise affiliated with the Masonic order. His wife died at Rome July 6, 1913, aged seventytwo. Of their three children one daughter died at the age of four years, and the other son was Dr. John L. Shamblin, a graduate of the Atlanta Medical College, who practiced some time as associate with his father at Broomtown, Alabama, and died there at the age of forty-six years. Dr. John L. Shamblin married Miss Ida Doherty, who survived him with three children, and they now occupy the old Chamblin home at Broomtown, Alabama.
Dr. A. C. Shamblin, the only surviving child of Dr. Arnold Shamblin, was educated in the high schools of Walnut Grove, Alabama, and in 1890 entered the old Atlanta Medical College, and continued his studies in the medical department of the University of Tennessee, where he graduated with the class of 1892. Though he has been in active practice more than twenty years Doctor Shamblin is still a student, and in 1900 took post-graduate work and in 1913 spent several months in the New York Policlinic. He is an authority on internal medicine, and though he enjoys a large general practice specializes in that department. He began his practice in Chattooga County, Georgia, remained there two years, and then removed to Gaylesville in Cherokee County, Alabama, and enjoyed a reputation as the leading physician and surgeon of that community until 1908. It was a desire to secure a larger field for his abilities that led him to remove to Rome in 1908, where in his special depart
ment he is now the leading physician.
Doctor Shamblin, during his residence in Cherokee County, Alabama, was a member of the board of medical examiners for ten years, and was treasurer of the Cherokee County Medical Society. He is a member of the American Medical Association, of the Georgia State Medical Society, and a member of the board of censors of the Floyd County Medical Society. While in Cherokee County, Alabama, he was the only member of the state medical society in that county, and it was largely through his efforts that the influence of the state
society was extended through that county, and he added a number of members to its roll of physicians. For several years he held the office of president of
the Board of Examiners of Alabama.
In Masonry Doctor Shamblin is one of the most popular members in Rome and has been a recipient of a number of Masonic honors and more have been urged upon him by his friends, although for professional reasons he has declined them. He is a past master of Rome Lodge No. 113, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons; is past high priest of the Chapter No. 26, Royal Arch
Masons; and is recorder of Rome Commandery No. 8, Knights Templar, and also a member of the Mystic Shrine. His Masonic friends have given him a

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2185

number of tokens of their regard, and he finds a great deal of pleasure in his Masonic affiliations. He is also affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and is a steward in the Methodist Church, in which his wife is an active member, and a worker in the missionary society, a member of the Rome Woman's Club and is past worthy matron of the Rome chapter of the Eastern Star. Doctor Shamblin enjoys the unalloyed esteem of friends in all the walks of life, by whom he is acknowledged a genial gentleman and able and scholarly physician. Politically he is a democrat.
In' Chattooga County, December 7, 1892, at the beginning of his medical career, Doctor Shamblin married Miss Lena Harwell, of Troup County, a daughter of James R. and Jennie (Williams) Harwell. The Williams family were among the pioneers of Georgia. Doctor and Mrs. Shamblin are the parents of five children: Arthur Franklin, born in Gaylesville, Alabama, November 25,1895, and now a student; Earl B., born in Gaylesville March 4, 1898; Jennie Louise, born in Gaylesville November 1, 1901; Frederick B., born at Gaylesville November 30, 1903; and Anna Ruth, born at Gaylesville March 28,1907.

WILLIAM JOHN GRIFFIN. One of Rome's foremost business men and most progressive citizens is William John Griffin, president of the Griffin Hardware Company, wholesale and retail, having been the active head of that prosperous business since it was incorporated in 1900. Few men have such extensive and influential relations with this fine city of Northern Georgia, with which he has been identified more than thirty years. Mr. Griffin is one of the directors of the State Bank of Rome, was a member of the city council and chairman of the committee that built the Rome waterworks, pronounced by experts as the best public utility of its kind in the State of Georgia; is a trustee of the Georgia State School for the Deaf, under appointment from Governor Candler, and was president of the board eight years; was for four years president of the city .school board; and as chairman of the Democratic Central Committee of Floyd County did some important work in rolling up a heavy vote for Woodrow Wilson for President, in 1912. Mr. Griffin is an active member of the Rome Chamber of Commerce, is a member of the Country Club, takes great pleasure in the sports of fishing and hunting, belongs to the Fouche Milling Company Fishing Club, and usually spends considerable time each winter in the pursuit of recreation in Florida.
William John Griffin was born at Edgefield, South Carolina, January 10, 1851, son of Nathan L. and Ann (Butler) Griffin. His grandfather was Standmore Butler. Nathan L. Griffin was a native of South Carolina, and for a number of years one of the prominent attorneys of the Edgefield District, representing that district in the State Senate, was a man of means and of prominence, and died while still in active practice in 1856. His wife was a near relative of United States Senator M. C. Butler of South Carolina. Mrs. Nathan Griffin died in 1881 at Edgefield at the age of seventy-seven. Both parents were interred at Edgefield. There were nine children, but William J. is the only one now living. The only other member of the family to live in Georgia was Mr. Griffin's sister Elizabeth, who was the wife of J. B. Sullivan. Mrs. Sullivan died in Rome in 1911.
Mr. Griffin was educated in the Edgefield public schools, and at the age of eighteen began his business career as clerk in a general mercantile house at Edgefield. After receiving his portion of his father's estate on reaching majority, he embarked his capital in independent business at Edgefield with James Cobb as partner, under the name Griffin & Cobb. Several years later he sold out, and removed to Greenville, South Carolina, and continued there as a successful merchant for two years. The failing health of his mother then caused him to sell his business in Greenville and return home to look after her interests. While there he was employed several years in farming.

2186

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

It was in 1883 that Mr. Griffin removed to Rome, Georgia. He for two years worked as a clerk with the Sullivan & "West Hardware Company, one of the pioneer concerns in the wholesale and retail trade, at Rome. In 1885 he bought Mr. Sullivan's interests and until 1900 the firm was known as the West & Griffin Hardware Company. In 1900 the Griffin Hardware Company was incor porated, and since that time Mr. Griffin has been its active executive head. This is one of the successful and well known hardware houses of Northern Georgia, and 'occupies a well chosen location at 211-215 Broad Street. For the past fifteen years this business has increased threefold in its trade terri tory and in its general stock and operations. As a wholesale house it covers Northern Georgia and Alabama, and keeps two traveling representatives engaged in meeting the retail merchants in this district. There are also ten employes in the home establishment.
At, Edgefield, South Carolina, in 1873 Mr. Griffin married Miss Mattie R. Roberts, who was born in Columbus, South Carolina, a daughter of Mortimer Roberts, a native of Georgetown, South Carolina. Mr. and Mrs. Griffin are the ^parents of three children. Walter S. Griffin, who was born in Greenville, South Carolina, is now a prominent cotton dealer in that city, and resides in a beautiful home which he erected within 200 yards of his birthplace. Mortimer N. Griffin, the second child, was born in Edgefield, is a resident of Rome and well known in business circles as president of the Griffin Foundry Company. Annie Butler, born at Rome, is the wife of Frank R. Maddox, a prominent Rome attorney and a son of Hon. John W. Maddox of Rome. Mr. and Mrs. Griffin are active members of the Baptist Church in Rome, and she is one of the leaders in both church and club circles. Mr. Griffin has his chief fraternal affiliations with the Masonic Order, is a Knight Templar, and is a past eminent commander of Rome Commandery No. 8, and also belongs to the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine.
DAVID BAILEY FEEEMAN. This veteran of Georgia journalism, editor and publisher of the Cartersville News, has been connected both by his professional interests and his official participation with municipal and state affairs up wards of half a century. His name has been many times mentioned in the South as the best claimant for the honor of the youngest soldier in the Confederate army.
David Bailey Freeman was born May 1, 1851, at Ellijay, Gilmer County, Georgia. His father, Beverly A. Freeman, was a lawyer by profession and practiced at McDonough, Ellijay and other localities. The maiden name of the mother was Mary A. Murray, daughter of Alexander Murray, Sr., who lived in Henry County and later in Gordon County. Mrs. Freeman was a sister of Alexander Murray, Jr., who for many years was editor of the Ameri can Union at Griffith, Georgia. Mr. Freeman's father was of English ancestry, while his mother was Scot6h. Her mother was a Melton and related not very
distantly to Henry Clay. David B. Freeman received his early education in the common schools of
Gordon County, at Fayetteville and at Rylander Academy and High School in Americus. When eleven years old he was received into the service of the Confederate army as a marker for the Sixth Georgia Cavalry. He was after wards in the ranks and had three years of soldiering. He was in the Kentucky campaign under General Bragg, in the East Tennessee campaign and followed
General Johnston from Dalton to Atlanta. After the war Mr. Freeman entered the office of the Atlanta Daily In
telligencer, learned the printer's trade, and not long after becoming foreman in the office of the Calhoun Times bought an interest in that paper in 1872 and became sole proprietor in 1874. In 1879 he acquired the Cedartown Advertiser, conducted it until 1888, and then bought an interest in the Cartersville Courant-American. This paper was subsequently consolidated

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2187

and in 1903 Mr. Freeman bought the entire plant and has since conducted the business as the Cartersville News. This has the largest circulation of any newspaper published in Bartow County.
Through his work as a newspaper man Mr. Freeman has been in close touch with Georgia politics for forty years, and has always been in active sympathy with the democratic party. He served as mayor and as mayor pro tern, of Calhoun in 1876, as alderman and mayor pro tern, of Cartersville about 1905, and in 1886 was alderman and mayor pro tern, of Cedartown. During the latter '80s Mr. Freeman became affiliated with the Knights of Pythias. He is a member of the Methodist Church.
December 8, 1875, at Eome, Georgia, occurred his marriage to Miss Callie D. Goodwyne, daughter of Coleman Goodwyne, a wealthy planter of Forsyth. There are two children: Clifford A. Freeman, who married Miss Jessie Hanleiter in Atlanta about 1903; and Robert C. Freeman, associated with his father in the publication of the News.
Mr. Freeman has been continuously in the harness as a journalist for forty-five years and now properly claims membership with a the old guard" of the Georgia weekly press, few of his early contemporaries remaining in active newspaper work. The few who may be cited as colleagues in point of service would be Grubb of Darien, Brown of Newnan, Perry of Cairo, and Shackleford of Lexington.

JOSEPH REEVES BARRON. The popular and efficient sheriff of Floyd County, Joseph R. Barron, needs no introduction to that county's people. That he is well and favorably known is evidenced by the office with which his fellow citizens have honored him, and which he now holds and fills so acceptably. Prior to his election as sheriff in the fall of 1914 he was under-sheriff several years, and has in many ways demonstrated his capability and efficiency and has thus vindicated the confidence placed in him by the citizens of that locality.
Joseph Reeves Barron was born in Chattooga County, Georgia, August 31, 1851. His parents were James Fuller and Zilla Ann (Scoggin) Barron, both now deceased. His father was a native of Troup County and his mother of Chattooga County. The father was a soldier in the Confederate army, and after the war returned to farming in Carroll County, remained there one year, and then removed to Chattooga County, where he was a farmer until his death, and active as a democrat in local affairs. The mother died in 1893 at the age of fifty-six. Of the nine children five are deceased. Sheriff Barron is the oldest of those living; his brother Charles M. is a successful farmer in Smith County, Texas; Frank S. is president and secretary of the Coco Cola Manu facturing Company at Rome; and Thomas J. is superintendent of the same firm.
Joseph R. Barron had a life not unacquainted with hardship in his youth. He attended country schools, but as soon as his strength permitted he was required to work and contribute his resources to the family. It was hard strenuous labor, clearing land, splitting rails, chopping cotton, plowing the fields from early morning till night, and in other branches of general farm work. In 1881, after his marriage, he removed to a farm in Floyd County, and several years later he and his brother James engaged in the transfer business. Two years later he sold his interests to his brother, and then resumed farming in Chattooga County. After two years he sold out and moved his family to Smith County, Texas, and in the City of Tyler again engaged in the transfer business. That was his regular occupation for eight years, but in 1901 he sold out and returned to Georgia, locating in Rome, where lie spent cne year as a wage earner. He was then appointed an officer of the Rome police force, remained in that service two years, and resigned to engage in the feed and sales stable business. In 1910 Mr. Barron sold out, and accepted an appointment as under-sheriff for Floyd County. Three and

2188

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

a half years in this position gave him an experience that well fitted him for the office of sheriff, to which he was elected in 1914. A canvass of opinion among citizens of Floyd County brings out many expressions of esteem for the present sheriff, who is called a splendid citizen, kind hearted and generous, but unswerving in the discharge of his duties as an officer of the law. His connection with the police force and his service as under-sheriff gave him
unusual equipment for his present duties. Mr. Barren is a member of the Baptist Church, and takes an active part
in democratic politics. lie was married February 16, 1875, in Floyd County to Miss Fanny Tilley, who was born in this county, a daughter of Robert A. Tilley. Seven children were born into their home, but only three are now living, as follows: Robert Earl, who was born in Chattooga County, January 18, 1876, and is now assistant in the sheriff's office; Emery Conner, born in February, 1878, is a resident of Chattooga County, and Beulah Elizabeth is
the wife of William E. Eckels of Rome.

STEWART ARNOLD MARSHALL. Both as to the number of persons carried on the payroll and also in importance and long standing the O'Neill Manu facturing Company is one of the chief manufacturing industries of Rome. The president of this company is a fine type of the aggressive young busi ness man of the South and a man who has won every step in his promotion on the basis of efficient service.
Stewart Arnold Marshall was born at Oxford, Mississippi, February 14, 1874, a son of Dr. Edmund B. and Elizabeth (Manning) Marshall. His father was born in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, and his mother in Atlanta, Georgia. The Marshalls are of Scotch stock, and have lived in America from the days prior to the Revolutionary war. The earlier generations included men of note, among them Charles K. Marshall, who was especially prominent in Mississippi history, and gave his life to literature and educa tion, and owned the finest private library in the South, which at his death was presented to the state. Mr. Marshall's grandfather was Dr. "William Hammond Marshall, who founded the family in Georgia. He was prominent as a dentist at Atlanta for many years. Jethro Manning, the maternal grand father, was noted as a lawyer and jurist in Atlanta, where he died. The first generation of the Marshall family in the United States settled in Port land, Maine. Dr. Edmund B. Marshall was in his earlier life an employe of the United States Government, served with the rank of lieutenant in the Confederate army, and after the war took up the study of dentistry and was associated with his father at Atlanta, and subsequently continued to prac tice alone. He practiced his profession in Atlanta and in Rome for twentyfive years. While the Marshall family were adherents of the Christian Church, the Mannings were prominent in the Methodist denomination, and when the family removed to Rome, that city having no Christian Church, Doctor Marshall was a regular worshiper with the Methodists. While Doctor Marshall had a large and successful practice, he was too generous and hospitable to accumulate wealth, his home was always open to friends, and he gave away almost as rapidly as he accumulated. At the same time he believed in and practiced the principle of giving his children the best educational and home advantages, so that each one started in life well pre pared for real service. Of the eight children three are now deceased, and the living are: Bessie Paine, living at Rome, the widow of H. B. Weatherby; Wirt H. Marshall, who is a prominent business man of Joplin, Missouri, in the grain and milling business; Maybelle Marshall, a deaconess in the Methodist Church, her home being at Montgomery, Alabama; Stewart A.; and Alma, wife of L. M. Vandiver, a lumberman at Rome.
Stewart Arnold Marshall after completing the course of the public
schools found himself ambitious to begin practical life, and at the age of

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

, 2189

sixteen accepted a clerical position, and for seven years worked in different places, usually as bookkeeper. In 1897 \ /became bookkeeper with the 0 'Neill Manufacturing Company, which even then was the largest sash and door factory in Rome. With this house he has found his business opportunity, advanced to the position of secretary and treasurer, and on the death of Mr. William A. Patton, a member of the firm, on June 18/1003, Mr. Marshall pur chased the Patton interests, and in 1910 acquired the 0 'Neill interests. While the business is still conducted under the old name, Mr. Marshall is the real active head and controlling power. In the meantime the mills have been greatly enlarged, new machinery introduced, the trade fully, expanded, and whereas the factory formerly employed from twenty-five to thirty men its average payroll now contains 125. The factory and yards require about 11% acres of ground, conveniently located to the railroad tracks and in the immediate business district. It is no.t difficult to estimate how large a. factor this business is in a city of 12,000 people, and its wages probably furnish between 5 and 10 per cent of the substantial livelihood of the city's people. It is an industry that is still growing, and the output of its mills has a steady demand over an increasing territory. The company manufactures sash and doors and everything for the building of houses, and also engages in the
general lumber business.
Mr. Marshall has shown himself a leader in every movement for the betterment of Eome, and has extensive investments in other local enter prises, and is financially interested in several West Virginia lumber corpora tions. He is a democrat in politics, and a.member of the Baptist Church, a member of the Rome Chamber of Commerce, was a charter member of the Rotary Club, and belongs to the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and the Country Club, his chief recreation being hunting, fishing and golf.
At Dalton, Georgia, November 17, 1887, Mr. Marshall married Miss Maud Bivings, a daughter of Dr. James C. and Rosa Flagler Bivings, Mrs. Bivings is a first cousin to the late Henry M. Flagler, the capitalist to whose enter prise was due the upbuilding of the Florida east coast and the construction of the unique railroad across the Florida Keys. Mrs. Marshall's parents were natives of South Carolina, and her father was a prominent physician, while her mother is still living in Rome. Mr. and Mrs. Marshall have three chil dren: Stewart A., Jr., born November 14, 1903; Bivings Marshall, born March 3, 1908; and Madeline M., born September 2, 1911. Mrs, Marshall is a member of the Methodist Church.

HON. MAX MEYERHARDT. A lawyer by profession, a member of the bar at Rome nearly forty years, Max Meyerhardt through his profession, through his public spirit as a citizen, and the exercise of many generous talents, has come to be regarded as one of the foremost men in the respect and esteem of his home community.
Max Meyerhardt was born at Krojanka, Germany, October 24, 1855. His parents were David J. and Esther (Marks) Meyerhardt, who in 1856 emigrated from Germany to Rome, Georgia, where the father, who had brought with him to this country a considerable capital, successfully engaged in business as a merchant. In 1864 the family removed to Nashville, Tennessee, where David Meyerhardt continued as a merchant until 1871. He then sold out and returned to Rome, Georgia, re-entered business, and was a factor in local commercial affairs until his death in 1890 at the age of seventy years. He was respected for his probity and enterprise as a business man, and he and his family moved in the best social circles of Rome. The mother died in 1891 at the age of seventy-one. Their four children were: Jennie, wife of Adplph Moses of Rome; Julia Meyerhardt of Rome; Max; and Louis, also a resident of Rome.
Judge Meyerhardt received his early education in the public schools of

2190

' GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

Rome, in the Nashville High School, and after the family returned to Georgia in 1871, had the benefit of instruction from private teachers. Since early boyhood his mind was made up to study law, and being of a studious disposition he advanced rapidly in his preparation for the profession. Judge Meyerhardt was a law student in the offices of Capt. C. Rowell, and at the age of twenty-one in 'October, 1876, was admitted to the bar. He first prac ticed in association with Hon. A. R. Wright and Honorable Seaborn, these associations continuing until 1891, and since that year Mr. Meyerhardt has practiced as an individual, and with a constantly increasing clientele and prestige.
From the honors of public responsibility that have come to him his high position and honorable character in the community are unquestioned. He is a member of the democratic party, served twelve years as city attorney, for four years was judge of the Floyd County Court, was county attorney five years, a member of the local school board twenty-eight years, and gave one term of service as United States commissioner. His interest has again and again been enlisted in support of civic movements of importance, and he is also one of the leaders in -cultural activities in Rome. At the present time Judge Meyerhardt is president of the Carnegie Library Board, and city attorney of Rome.
Socially he is probably best known over the state at large as a Mason, and from the honors which have been paid him in that order and his attainments is frequently spoken of as the leading Mason of Georgia. Judge Meyer hardt took his first degrees in Masonry in 1880 in Cherokee Lodge No. 66, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, No other Mason in the state has for so many years served' continuously in the office of Worshipful Master, his record being thirty-two years. He is active in the Scottish Rite, a member of the Mystic Shrine, and from 1900 to 1907 was Grand Master of the Georgia Grand Lodge of Masons. Judge Meyerhardt is also affiliated with the Knights of Pythias and with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and several other organizations. In religion he is. an orthodox Jew.
April 24, 1890, Judge Meyerhardt was married at Rome to Miss Nettie Watson, who was born in Tuskegee, Alabama, and is a member of an old and prominent Southern family. Her parents were Gen. Samuel and Annette (Breedlove) Watson. Her father attained high rank in the Confederate army during the war between the states. Both her parents are now deceased. 'Mr. and Mrs. Meyerhardt are the parents of a fine family of eight children, all of whom were born in the City of Rome, and named as follows: Rebecca; David, who was admitted to the bar in December, 1914, and is now prac ticing at Rome; Esther, a teacher in the Rome High School; Elizabeth, a student; Ruth, Sarah, Diana, Samuel, all of them young and still in the home circle. Personally Mr. Meyerhardt is a man of kindly and genial nature, is loyal to his friends, is a man of ideals and an ambition to make himself useful as a factor in the community, and the various positions which have been bestowed upon him are a fair measure of how well he has suc
ceeded in his civic deals.

REV. IGNATIUS A. FEW, LL. D., founder and first president of Emory College, was born in Columbia County, in April, 1789. His father was a man of means, able to give his son the best educational advantages, and young Ignatius was entered a student at Princeton University and graduated in due course. He studied law, but being possessed of independent fortune, does not appear to have given much time to the practice. When the War of 1812 began, he entered the army and rose to the rank of colonel. At the close of the war he went to Augusta and resumed practice of the law.
Doctor Few does not appear to have given much personal thought to religious matters until about 1826, when he was converted under the ministry

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

.

2191

of some Methodist preacher and joined that church. Almost immediately he

entered the Methodist ministry, and in a few years became one of the most

prominent men in Georgia Methodism. The Methodists had been making

some efforts in an educational way, and in 1836 the conference under the

influence of Doctor Few, decided to establish a college. Fourteen hundred

acres of land were purchased near Covington, a village laid out, Doctor Few

elected president, and in 1837 the cornerstone of Emory College was laid.

The new college opened under his presidency on September 10, 1838. In

July, 1839, after its first year of operation, his failing health compelled his

resignation. His health continued to decline, and he died at Athens, Georgia,

on November 28, 1845.

.,

ALBERT GALLATIN FOSTER, a brother of Judge Nathaniel G. Foster, and . his law partner until the death of the latter, was also born in Greene County, in 1820. He died at Poland Springs, Maine, where he had gone for his health, in 1880. After the passage of the national bankruptcy act of March 2, 1867, Chief Justice Chase appointed him register in bankruptcy for two Georgia congressional districts. This and his membership in the Constitutional Con'vention in 1868 were the only two public positions he ever held.
CHARLES HAMILTON, M. D. For many years Doctor Hamilton's promi nent and successful career as physician and surgeon has been identified with the City of Rome. His work has been largely in the field of surgery, in which his technical skill, broad experience and extensive training have given him a distinctive place, not only in his home city but in the South. His youth was somewhat -circumscribed by the limitations which many Southern fami lies had to endure as the result of the war, but having determined upon the medical profession as his career, he made every effort count toward that end, and has won his distinction as a result of his own hard work and ambition.
The birthplace of Doctor Hamilton is a little town in Virginia known as Hamilton, Loudoun County, which was founded early in the nineteenth century by his grandfather, Charles Bennett Hamilton. Doctor Hamilton was born there June 5X 1855, son of Capt. Eli J. and Louise Virginia (Heaton) Hamilton. His father gained prominence both as a business man, merchant and soldier. He served as quartermaster and captain in the Confederate army and was a member of the staff of Gen. Robert E. Lee, and fought from the first battle of Manassas to the end, and was at the side of General Lee at Appomattox. Captain Hamilton, who was also a native of Loudoun County, after the war went west and located in Faulkner County, Arkansas, and for more than thirty years served as clerk of that county. He died there in 1907 at the age of eighty-four. His first wife, and the mother of Doctor Hamilton, was a native of Loudoun County and died in 1860. Of the four children by that union the two living are: Annie Heaton Hamilton, who first married L. D. Covington and is now the wife of J. A. "Wright of "Windom, Texas; and Doctor Hamilton. The second wife of Captain Hamilton was Almeter McClain, who became the mother of three children, the two living being: Florence McC. Hamilton of Conway, Arkansas; and Mary, a teacher in the high school at Conway.
Doctor Hamilton received his early education in private schools at Round Hill, Virginia, and at the age of seventeen began earning his living and was employed in different occupations in the State of Arkansas, His medical studies were begun at Conway in that state, and at the age of twenty-two he entered the College of Physicians and Surgeons at Keokuk, Iowa. He had earned and saved the money for his college course. One year later he was granted a license to practice, and came to Faulkner County, Arkansas, and soon had a good practice. In 1882 he removed to Walker County, Georgia, and while there interrupted his practice to attend three lecture courses at
Vol. IV--23

2192

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

the Southern Medical College of Atlanta, from which he received his diploma of graduation in 1885. The same year he went west to Newton, Kansas, practiced there one year, and for eighteen months at Honey Grove in Northern Texas. Since 1890 Doctor Hamilton has been identified with the City of Rome, Georgia, in the work of his profession. At Rome he became assistantsurgeon at the Batty Infirmary, the head of which at that time was the noted Dr. Robert Batty. Doctor Hamilton was a member of the staff for six years, and at the same time enjoyed a successful and growing private practice. His special attainments and prominence as a member of the medical pro fession is due to his skill and success as a gynecologist and as an operator in-abdominal surgery. <,He is given credit for having the least mortality in abdominal surgical cases of any surgeon south of Mason and Dixon's line. His long association with Doctor Batty, one of the eminent surgeons of the South, gave him exceptional opportunities, which his own endowment and ability improved, and he now ranks as one of the foremost surgeons of Georgia.
Doctor Hamilton comes from a family which has furnished many physi cians, at least -twelve in number, and his uncle, Dr. Abraham Heaton, was. professor of Materia Medica of the Detroit College of Physicians and Sur geons, having located at Detroit prior to the. Civil war. Doctor Hamilton is a member of the Southern Medical Association, the Georgia State and Ameri can Medical societies, and the Floyd County Society. He is past master of a lodge of Masons in Arkansas, and is past master of Cherokee Lodge No. 66, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, at Rome, and for twelve years was chancellor of the Knights of Pythias. Doctor Hamilton was one of the organizers of the Sons of Confederate Veterans, and was surgeon of the local camp two years and has attended many of the reunions. Politically he is a stanch democrat, and with his wife and family worships in the Baptist Church.
In November, 1881, Doctor Hamilton was married at Tunnel Hill in Whitfield County, Georgia, to Miss Lou Anna McClain, who was a distant relative of his step-mother. To their marriage have been born six children: Charles Henry, who was born at Plummersville, Arkansas, and is now general manager of the Berry Cotton Mills at Berry Hill in Floyd County, Georgia; Hattie Heatori- Hamilton, who was born in "Walker County, Georgia, and died at the age of two and a half years; Annie Lee, born at Tunnel Hill, Georgia, and now the wife of Nathan C. Hoyt of Rome; Ora Low, born at Newton, Kansas, and the wife of Walter R. Garrett, a merchant at Summerville, Georgia; Robert Heaton, born at Rome, now city ticket and passenger agent for the Southern Railway in that city; and Alice McClain, a student in Shorter College. Mrs. Hamilton is a former president of the Ladies Mis sionary Society of the Broad Street Baptist Church.
CAPT. JOHN JOSEPH SEAY. During the past forty years probably none of the really important enterprises undertaken in the City of Rome have not in some way or other been impressed with the business ability and counsel of Capt. John Joseph Seay, who has long been credited as one of the most prominent factors in the upbuilding of that,city. He is a veteran of the Confederate army, has been an active business man fully fifty years, and is well known throughout the state. Among the men who have rehabilitated Georgia since the desolation of the war the name of Captain Seay would properly appear in any list of a dozen or a score of the most influential.
John Joseph Seay was born at Decatur, DeKalb County, Georgia, Novem ber 10,1843, son of Rufus Morgan and Laura D. (Wadsworth) Seay. Rufus Seay was a native of Virginia and his wife of South Carolina. Grand father Seay located at Knoxville, Tennessee, in the early '30s, was engaged in merchandising there and subsequently Rufus Morgan Seay removed from

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2193

Decatur to Jacksonville, Florida, where lie died of the smallpox in 1852. The maternal grandfather was William Wadsworth, a native of Hartford, Connecticut, and a brother-in-law to Howe, tb? inventor of the sewing machine. William Wadsworth settled in Georgia ^ 1820, and at Decatur built up an important business as a manufacturer and merchant, but was ruined during the Sherman invasion of Georgia. Rufus Morgan Seay was for a number of years a merchant at Decatur, but subsequently removed to Jackson ville, Florida,, and afterwards was a merchant and tanner in South Carolina. He died in Jacksonville. Captain Seay's mother died in Louisville, Ken tucky, in 1912 at the age of eighty-six, and her remains are now at rest in Atlanta, Georgia. Of their seven children four reached maturity. William Walter Seay, who was last heard from shortly before the San Francisco earthquake, is supposed to have lost his life in that calamity, since he was a resident of San Francisco. Elizabeth married L. B. Langford and died at Atlanta in 1913. Rufus Morgan, Jr., died in Louisville, Kentucky, several
years ago. Captain Seay, the only survivor of the family, received his education in
the Decatur Academy. He was not yet sixteen years old when in May, 1861, he enlisted and became a member of Stevens Rifles, which later was assigned to Cobb's Legion under Capt. Luther J. Glenn. After the death of his commander he was transferred to Wofford's Brigade in the army of Northern Virginia. For a time he served as courier on the staff of General Co-bb, and participated in such noted battles as South Mountain, Harpers Ferry, Wilder ness, Malvern Hill, Seven Pines, and numerous skirmishes. He was one who helped to seal Gen. "Stonewall" Jackson's casket, and when volunteers were asked for to do the work he went forward.
. When the war was over Captain Seay returned to the pursuits of peace, and became engaged in the manufacture of tin and copperware at Atlanta for several years. The poor health of his wife caused him to remove to Northern Georgia and in 1871 he located in Rome. Here he bought the Rome Stove & Holloware Manufacturing Company. This business sub sequently became bankrupt, and he bought the stock and equipment from the federal authorities and reorganized and made a successful busi ness of it. Captain Seay's most conspicuous undertaking as a business man was the acquirement in 1882 of all the steamboats, eleven in number, run ning up and down the Coosa River. He operated these boats from 1882 to 1895, and made the line a serious competitor with the Eastern Tennessee Virginia & Georgia Railroad, which transportation system his water route paralleled. It was from his activity as a steamboat man that Captain Seay is usually called either captain or commodore. He made a great financial success of the boat business. Captain Seay has held the office of commercial agent for the railroad for the past twenty-six years.
In the meantime Captain Seay's capital and enterprise has had an effec tive part in practically all the larger business concerns at Rome dur ing the past thirty years. He organized the Rome Scale Works, the Rome Stove & Holloware Manufacturing Company, and the Southern Co-op erative Foundry Company. Of this last he has been president since its organization in 1898, and the factory when running to full, capacity employed from 100 to 125 persons and is the largest industrial establishment of its kind in North Georgia and probably in the state. Captain Seay also served several terms as mayor of Rome, serving during the years 1891-92, and then refusing further political honors. He is an active democrat, served twelve years as president of the Chamber of Commerce at Rome, and has taken a prominent part in Masonic circles. He is a Knight Templar, a thirtysecond degree Scottish Rite, a member of the Mystic Shrine, has served as deputy grand and was grand commander of the state in 1906 and grand

2194

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

4

'

sword bearer in 1899. He was one of the first 100 to join Yaarab Temple of the Mystic Shrine at Atlanta, which was organized in 1890, his name being No. 42 on the list of membership. He is also affiliated with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and his church is the Presbyterian.
In 1866 Captain Seay married Miss Frances S. Wood, who was born in Cherokee County, Georgia. By this marriage there were four children:
Charles Morgan, who is connected with the Edison Moving Picture Company of New York City, where he resides; Laura, wife of Dr. Clarence S. Bratton of Palestine, Texas; Mabel Brewster, wife of L. C. Harrison, of San Antonio, Texas; and Susie Lanier, wife of M. H. Sandifer of Rock Hill, South
Carolina. The mother of these children died in 1872. In 1875 Captain Seay married at Sewanee, Tennessee, Florida Bayard. By the accident of birth
she is a native of Newport, Rhode.Island, but her father, Nicholas J. Bayard, was a native of New York and for many years a resident of Georgia, a banker at Savannah and Rome. Captain and Mrs. Seay have two children: Clifford Bayard, of Rome, Georgia; and Florida Bayard, the latter the wife of James Grant Tracy of Syracuse, New York.

WILLIAM CLINTON MARTIN. One of the most successful lawyers in North Georgia and actively identified with many large business interests is William Clinton Martin, of Dalton, who is of the third generation of his family in this state. His grandfather, Alexander Martin, came from Virginia and settled in
Murray County about 1820, when all that section of Georgia was Indian coun try. His father, Jonathan Martin, was born in Murray County and spent his life there. He was a farmer and Confederate soldier, who died in the Civil war when W. C. Martin was a child. His mother's maiden name was Mary Louthridge. W. C. Martin was born in Murray County, on August 22, 1862. The Martin family was originally English, but in process of time members of the family drifted into the lowlands of Scotland, and some to Ireland, so that the various branches represented in this country come from different parts of the British Isles. The family has been identified with the southern states since their,first settlement, and has always been numerous in Virginia, which is now represented as to one of its United States senators by Thomas Martin. One of the Revolutionary governors of Georgia was John Martin, so that the fam ily name has an honorable record in our history.
W. C. Martin was educated in the common schools of Murray, followed by a complete course in the North Georgia Agricultural College at Dahlonega, a branch of the State University. During the vacations he taught school in order to pay his way during the regular terms. As soon as possible he acquired a working knowledge of the law, was admitted to the bar> and began the practice of his profession in Murray County in 1885. He remained there for three years, and in 1888 removed to Dalton, where he has since resided. His professional ability has carried him to leadership in his profession, and he has built up a large practice. His record as to winning cases is ^one of great success, and he ranks among the leading lawyers of the South. Fine advocate before both jury and court, and owns one of the best private work ing law libraries in the profession, and the same statement applies in a large measure to the fine general library in his attractive Colonial home.
He has also acquired a large measure of personal popularity. A strong adherent of the democratic party, he has not been in his own person an office seeker, but when called upon has rendered efficient service. Without seeking the nomination, and without opposition he was elected to the Georgia Senate and served in 1907-8. And while in the Senate was one of the strongest lead ers favoring the bill in perhaps the greatest contest which has come before the Legislature, and resulted in freeing the convicts from the old lessee system and placing them on the public highways. Thus giving to Georgia a law that will yield untold benefits for generations to come. He was the author also

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2195

of bills whose enactment perfected the election registration laws of the state. At the present time he is serving as chairman of the county board of educa tion of Whitfield County, and in all civic affairs he is known for his loyalty, progressiveness and public spirit.
In 1894 he married Miss Ella Lewis, a daughter of John Q. A. and Susan. (McKamy) Lewis, a prominent family of Tennessee. Mrs. Martin highly typifies the best traits of southern womanhood. She takes a deep interest in all lines of work looking to the improvement of the people, and is a recognized leader in whatever cause she gives her influence.
Mr. Martin has become interested in numerous business enterprises, now being one of the wealthiest men of North Georgia, and his capacity has been recognized by his election to official positions. He is vice president of the First National Bank of Dalton, president and director of the Dalton Building & Loan Association, one of the oldest and most successful in the state, a director of the Calhoun National Bank, of the Cohutta Banking Company, of Chatsworth, Georgia, of the Elk Cotton Mills, and the Cherokee Manufacturing Company/ In addition to all these interests making active demands upon his time, and a large professional practice, he looks after his real estate interests, of which he is the largest owner in Whitfield County Added to all these, Mr. Martin is an active member of the Methodist Chuicii, gives time to its councils as a steward. Outside of his law studies, he has found the most pleasure and most advantage in works of history and biography. He considers that the best interests of Georgia will be promoted by a proper handling of the race question, the building of good roads and improving the common schools. He might even go farther and say that these three questions call for wise action, not only on the part of the people of Georgia, but of the whole country, because the race question has now taken on a national aspect, and good roads and bet ter common schools are as essential to the welfare and the prosperity of other
sections as of Georgia. Location considered, W. C. Martin has made a remarkable success both
in a professional and business way, and has won deservedly the confidence and the esteem of the people of his section. While a fine advocate before a jury, clear and forceful before the court, yet beneath it all stands out his integrity of character as the foundation stone upon which he is building a
splendid success.

EVAN OTIS SHELLHORSE. With his profession as a physician and surgeon Doctor Shellhorse has been identified for the past fifteen years at Calhoun, and in ability and reputation is easily one of the leaders among Gordon ( County's medical men. Through his own career Doctor Shellhorse has added professional distinction to a. family already for many years known in that section of Georgia as prominent planters and business men, soldiers of the war between the states, and people of the highest worth and respectability.
Evan Otis Shellhorse was born in Bartow County, Georgia, February 7, 1878, a son of James B. and Martha (Richardson) Shellhorse. His mother was born in North Carolina, the daughter of John Richardson, and of a dis tinguished family. John Richardson was a man of the highest character and influence, active in the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, and a large planter. The paternal grandfather, Henry Shellhorse, founded this branch of the family in Georgia in Gordon County in 1840. He was a planter, a good business man, and an exceedingly useful citizen. He was active in the Baptist Church. His death occurred in Gordon County at the age of eighty years. Llis children were eight in number, as follows: James B., who died in March, 1916, the father of Doctor Shellhorse; Isaac, who was killed at the battle of Chickamauga; Henry, who served four years in the Confederate army and now lives on a farm in Gordon County; Baily, likewise a Confederate veteran, after the war settled on a ranch in Texas, and is now deceased; John, who

2196

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

also went to Texas after the war, in which he participated, and is now a well to do ranchman living at Cleburne, Texas; Frances, who died in 1911, was the wife of Davis Hightower of Gordon County; Lucinda is the wife of "William Cochran, a farmer of Gordon County; and Susie, who married Mr. Crooks and she died in Texas.
James B. Shellhorse was born in Virginia in 1835 and was brought'to Georgia when a child. Soon after the beginning of the war he enlisted in the Eighth Georgia Battalion and fought for the cause of the South until the close of the war. He was present at the battles of Chickamauga, Atlanta, Kenesaw Mountain, Resaca, West Point and other engagements, and became a prisoner of the enemy and was confined for several months at Fort Wayne, Indiana. After the war he and Captain Patton were associated for several years in tobacco manufacture at Fairmount, Georgia, .but he then resumed farming in BartoAv County. He died in that section at the advanced age of eighty-two years. Outside of his business and home interests he .was also a factor in community affairs. He was a member of the Masonic Order and of the Baptist Church. There are five children. Of these Doctor Shellhorse is the oldest. Susie and John and Reuben, twins, are all living at home, the two sons being engaged in farming with their father. Mary, the youngest, is the wife of William Davidson, a farmer of Bartow County.
Doctor Shellhorse spent his youth on a farm in Bartow County, and attended the public schools there until the age of eighteen. His higher educa tion was acquired at Reinhardt College at Waleska, Georgia, and after grad uating at the age of twenty-two took up the study of medicine in the Atlanta College of Medicine and was graduated with honors of his class in 1900. Doctor Shellhorse located for practice at Calhoun, and in the past fifteen years has become second to none in point of general reputation as a physician and surgeon. He is a member of the County and State Medical societies and the American Medical Association, has passed the various chairs in the Lodge of Knights of Pythias and is also a member of the Masonic fraternity and of the Mystic Shrine. Doctor Shellhorse allows few other interests to inter fere with the profession of his choice, and is as close a student today as he was while pursuing his preparatory studies at Atlanta. He is likewise a man of broad reading and general information on affairs outside of his own
work. In 1900 at Calhoun Doctor Shellhorse married Miss Esther Ballew, who
was born in Gordon County, a daughter of Wesley and Esther (Walraven) Ballew. Mrs. Shellhorse is an active member of the Baptist Church and of the Woman's Club and Missionary Society, They are the parents of two children: Bonnie, born in Gordon County October 30, 1902; and Melba, born
at Calhoun October 8, 1908.
i SHELBY SMITH. The business career of Mr. Smith has shown conclusively that he is not lacking in initiative and constructive ability and dynamic progressiveness, and he is one of the vital and ambitious Southerners of the younger generation who are playing important part in the furtherance of the civic, industrial and commercial prestige of the capital city and metropolis of his native'state. Mr. Smith has served in various positions of public trust, notably as one of the most progressive members of the board of county com missioners of Fulton County and as a member of its sub-committee that selected the plans for. the magnificent new county courthouse, which was erected at a cost of $1,400,000, and which in architectural design and general facilities is conceded to be one of the finest in the entire Union. In Atlanta Mr. Smith has been a prominent and successful exponent of the real-estate business, and he is now giving much of his time and attention to his executive duties as president of the Atlanta Road Machinery Company, which was incorporated under the laws of the state, in 1914, and which is exercising,

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2197

aside from its direct business operations, much influence in the furtherance

of the good-roads movement in Georgia and other Southeastern states through

which its business is being extended with marked success. As one of the

substantial citizens and representative business men of Atlanta Mr. Smith

is entitled to definite recognition in this standard history of his native state.

Shelby Smith was bora in Catoosa County, Georgia, on the llth of

October, 1871, and is a son of Charles A. and Mary Smith, representatives of

pioneer families in Monroe County, Tennessee. The early educational

advantages of Mr. Smith were limited in scope, but his alert mentality and

close association with the practical' affairs of life have enabled him effectually

to overcome this seeming handicap of his youth. His initial business experi

ence was gained in the City of Chattanooga, Tennessee, and in 1894, at the

.age of twenty-two years, he came to Atlanta, where he thereafter continued

to be associated with the newspaper business for a period of twelve years,

his service having been in connection with the advertising departments of, the

Atlanta Constitution and the Atlanta Journal. Upon severing these relations

Mr. Smith turned his attention to the real-estate business, in which his inde

pendent operations eventually grew to very appreciable volume and

importance. He still continues his identification with this line of enterprise,

through which he has aided materially in furthering the progress of his home

city, special attention haying been given by him to the investment depar <

ment of his business.

^

In politics Mr. Smith is one of the loyal and aggressive representatives

of the democratic party in the capital city of Georgia. He served two years

as a member of the board of education, four years as chairman of the Fulton

County executive committee of his party, six years as state oil inspector for

the Atlanta District, and four years as a member of the Fulton County board

of commissioners, of which important" body he was chairman in 1913. Within

the period of his sendee as chairman of the board of county commissioners he

was a member of the committee that selected the plans for the new courthouse

of the county, and this splendid Atlanta building was completed within the

period of his service as county commissioner. He served also as chairman

of county commission having supervision. of roads and revenues, this being

one of the most important departments of the county government. He is also

one of the most enthusiastic and loyal members of the Atlanta Chamber

of Commerce and has served on many of its important committees. Mr.

Smith holds membership in the-Brookhaven Country Club and the Merchants'

and Mechanics' Club.

On the 21st of June, 1899, was recorded the marriage of Mr. Smith to

'Miss Nellie M. Littlefield, and they have two sons and three daughters, the

family home being in Peachtree Heights, one of the most attractive residence

districts of Atlanta.

JOHN CAMPBELL BUREUSS. The position attained by the veteran engineer, John Campbell Burruss, president of the Burress Engineering Company, of Atlanta, is the result of many years of connection with the handling of oil mill machinery and equipment, including some of the most important work done in this line in the South. Born at Carrollton, Illinois, September 16, 1847, he is a son of George Lewis Burruss and Maria Jane (Wood) Burruss, natives of Kentucky, the father of Welsh descent and the mother of Scotch stock. The paternal grandparents of Mr. Burruss were John and Anne Lewis (Meriwether) Burruss, the former a native of Virginia and the latter of Kentucky, while the maternal grandparents were Blatchley Campbell and Nancy (McCaw) Wood, natives, respectively of North Carolina and Virginia.
While, as will be seen by the foregoing, the family is of pure Southern origin, John Burruss was not a sympathizer of the institution of slavery. and in 1835 removed with his family from Kentucky to Illinois, where he and

2198

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

his wife and son all passed the remaining years of their lives. George Lewis Burruss was too old to serve as a soldier during the war between the states, while his son, John Campbell, was too young for service. John Burruss, the grandfather, started out in life as a carpenter, and at one time was engaged in contracting and building at Louisville, Kentucky, where he erected the first public market house of that city. After he removed to Illinois, however, he devoted his activities to farming. His son, George Lewis Burruss, adopted the same vocation when he entered upon his career, and continued to be engaged in farming and stock raising and dealing throughout his life. He and his wife were the parents of four sons and two daughters, John Camp bell being the eldest. The others, all of whom are living, are: Harry D., a farmer and stock raiser who lives on the old home farm near Carrollton, Greene County, Illinois; Leslie, who is engaged in agricultural pursuits inBates County, Missouri; Nancy Lewis, who is the wife of Howard B. Nelson, of Greene County, Illinois; Dr. Edward W., a practicing physician and surgeon of Denver, Colorado; and Miss Maria Frances, a professional trained nurse of excellent ability, who resides on the old home place in Greene County, Illinois. The father of these children died in 1895, aged seventy-four years, while the mother survived him about ten years and was seventy-five years old at the time of her demise.
John Campbell Burruss was reared on a farm in Greene County, Illinois, and secured the foundation for his education in a country school in that locality, this being followed by a course at Walnut Grove Academy, located but two miles from the Burruss Farm. Still later he studied civil engineering at Cornell University, and after leaving that institution returned to Illinois and spent seven years on the home farm. While there he did but little actual farming himself, devoting his attention instead to: keeping the farm imple ments in good repair in a shop located on the farm and which was a part of its equipment. In this shop all the necessary blacksmithing, horseshoeing and wood repair work was done, which kept the force on a, 1,000-acre farm busy. One of his accomplishments during this seven-year period was the boring of an artesian well on the home farm, l.,000 feet deep, in the hope of thus secur ing a permanent water supply, but in this he was disappointed.
In 1877 Mr. Burruss removed .from the farm to the Village of Carrollton, six miles away, where for ten, years he owned and conducted what was known as the J. C. Burruss Machine Shop and Foundry. For a period of eight years following 1887, he resided for a short time in three different states, Missouri, where he was- engaged in the real estate business in the southwest part of the state; Kansas, where he was engaged in farming, and Louisiana. In 1890 he went to Shreveport, Louisiana, where he established a sulky plow factory, and subsequently embarked in the cotton seed oil business at that place, during the early days of that industry. After being superintendent of a cotton seed oil mill for a time, because of his knowledge of the business he was chosen by a company to build a mill of that kind twenty miles up Red River from Shreveport, an enterprise to which he devoted one year. In 1893 Mr. Burruss became traveling salesman for the Cardwell Machine Com pany, of Richmond, Virginia, manufacturers of oil mill machinery, and for many years continued as the sole traveling representative of this concern, traveling all over the South and selling and building oil mills. In the mean time, in 1894, he had- located at Atlanta, and in 1905 became the organizer of what is known as the Burruss Engineering Company, of Atlanta, which was incorporated during that same year under the laws of the State of Georgia. He has since continued as its president, while his daughter, Miss Mary R. Burruss, is secretary and treasurer, and his son, Frederick W. Burruss, is vice president, and the total stock of the corporation is owned by Mr. Burruss and the members of his family. The Burruss Engineering Company deals exclusively in oil mill machinery and equipment throughout

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2199

the southern stages, and since 1909 has also been the exclusive selling agent for the southern states for what is known as the Anderson Oil Expeller, manufactured at Cleveland, Ohio, by the V. D. Anderson Company. This article was invented by V. D. Anderson, now deceased, who has been succeeded in the ownership of the patent by his sons. The Anderson Oil Expeller has proven a most excellent feature of the modern oil mill, and has been installed or its installation is being contemplated, by all the up-todate mills of the South, it having practically revolutionized the method of extracting oil from the cotton seed and also being used in the flax seed belt. The Burruss Engineering Company has at the present time equipped about 120 of the 850 mills in the southern states.
Aside from his duties as president of the Burruss Engineering Company, Mr. Burruss is vice president of the Bailey-Burruss Manufacturing Com pany, of Atlanta, and president of the Oil Mill Superintendents' Exhibitors' Association. He is the owner of a large quantity of farm land in Taylor County, Georgia, embracing several thousand acres, the greater part of this property being devoted to peanut culture. He was also one of the leading factors in establishing the trade journal known as The Oil Miller, which is published at Atlanta- and is devoted to the interests of the oil milling business.
Mr. Burruss has been twice married. His first union was in 1869, with Miss Kate Beaty, of Jerseyville, Illinois, but a native of Ohio, who died at Atlanta, in 1902, leaving two children: Miss Mary Ross and Frederick Wood, before mentioned. Mr. Burruss was again married in 1904, when united with
Miss Annie E. McKee, of Kentucky; They have no children.

NATHANIEL GREEN FOSTER, lawyer, legislator and judge, was a native Georgian, born in Greene County, on August 25, 1809. In 1829 he was grad
uated from Franklin College, read law at Madison, Georgia, and was admitted to the bar in 1831. He spent the remainder of his life as a lawyer of that place. In the Seminole Indian war of 1836, he was captain of a company.
Judge Foster served in both houses of the General Assembly, and was for .three years solicitor of the Ocmulgee Circuit and served in Congress from
1855 to 1857. After the Civil war he served as judge of the Ocmulgee Circuit, and died on October 16,1869.*

THOMAS F. FOSTER, lawyer and statesman, was born at Greensboro, Georgia, November 23, 1796. He graduated from Franklin College in 1812, was admitted to' the bar in 1816 and commenced practice in his native town. Soon afterward he commenced a service of several years in the General As sembly and in 1828 was elected to Congress. By successive re-elections he was a member of the two following Congresses. In 1835, after -completing his last congressional term, he resumed the practice of his profession with his usual energy, and was soon employed in aN majority of the large cases on his circuit in every section of the state. In 1841 he was elected representative to the Twenty-seventh Congress, arid served out the term ending March 3, 1843. This was his last public ^service. His death occurred at Columbus, Georgia, in 1847.

SIDNEY J. COOGLER. There is no better known public official in Atlanta than Sidney J. Coogler, chief probation officer, who has been identified with the police department of this city for twenty-eight years, and has been interested along this line of work ever since he was nineteen years old. For
many years there were men, women and children, who slept peacefully at night in the knowledge that Officer Coogler was traveling their beat, for Atlanta has had no more faithful and courageous officer. It has not, how ever, been his faithfulness in detecting crime and making arrests that has sounded Officer Coogler's name all over the state and far beyond. On the

2200

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

contrary, it might be declared that in discretionary avoidance of some of the supposed duties of a city patrolman, he has earned his deserved fame. No one better than a patrolman knows that all men are not temperate, honest, industrious or virtuous, but he knows also how often there are extenuating circumstances and that, with conditions different, many crimes would never be committed, and, with humane safeguards, would never be repeated.
This knowledge Officer Coogler pondered over long- before his kind heart and his confidence in his estimate of human nature urged him to make trial of his theory, that, in small offenses, an ounce of prevention can do away with the need of cure altogether. With no real authority behind him at first, he assumed entire responsibility and soon had the satisfaction of seeing his method working successfully. Although no such name was given his plan at first, it was founded on the probation system, now one of the foundation stones of general reform.
Sidney J. Coogler was born on a farm in Henry County, Georgia, August 4, 1855, and is a son of Jesse and Sparty (Metz) Coogler. Both parents were born in Lexington County, South Carolina, the father in 1808 and the mother in 1820. The paternal grandfather, Uriah Coogler, was a son of a German emigrant who had settled in Pennsylvania, and from that state Uriah Coogler went to South Carolina in young manhood, locating in the Lexington District, On the maternal side the ancestry is similar, the great grandfather Metz being a native of Germany. He settled also in Pennsyl vania and became identified with that solid class of citizens of that state commonly known as "Pennsylvania Dutch." From there,the family moved to South Carolina and there both Joseph Metz and his wife, Catherine Smith, were born. Their daughter, Sparty Metz, the mother of Sidney J. Coogler, was five years old when the family removed to Henry County, Georgia. This family is one noted for longevity. The maternal grandmother lived to the age of ninety-six, the mother of Mr. Coogler lived to the age of ninety-two and his father was eighty-four years old at time of death, while other members of the family have been octogenarians.
To Jesse Coogler and wife seven children were born, five sons and two daughters, all surviving except the eldest, Lovinia, who was the wife of Tyler D. Caughman. The others are: Andrew C., Joseph L., Boleu, Sidney J., Mrs. Epsy Bennett and Arthur B., four of the family being residents of Atlanta.
In his youth, the parents of Mr. Coogler moved from Henry County to Jonesboro, he being yet a child in his mother's arms, and there he attended school and afterward assisted his father in his general store. By the time he was nineteen years of age he was a member of the Jonesboro police force, in this position showing courage and good judgment, resulting later in his appointment as bailiff in the sheriff's office in Clayton County. From 1880 until 1885 he was engaged as a clerk in the Melson Bros' general store at Jonesboro, but in the latter year came to Atlanta and this city has continued to be his home ever since.
In 1887 Mr. Coogler became a member of the Atlanta police force, with which he has been continuously identified officially ever since with the excep tion of five years when he was concerned in a dairy business. From 1892 until 1907, Mr. Coogler was a patrolman, since when he has been chief proba tion officer of the city, a department of the municipality which he was chiefly instrumental in having established. In bringing about this organization, Mr. Coogler, first through its novelty and later through its complete success, attracted the attention of the whole country, for he brought about reforms that philanthropic workers had long hoped for without discovering the best way to proceed. Through his efforts Atlanta may lay claim to being the first city in Georgia to establish the adult probation plan of handling* prisoners who are arrested for drunkenness and other petty offenses.

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2201

This plan involves, in the case of a first offense, or first arrest, a chance for the disturber of the peace to remain in his own home and at employment, without publicity or disgrace to his family, under a promise not to repeat the offense. If the promise is broken and a second arrest takes place, still another chance, under certain regulations, is given. In other words, every possible opportunity is given the wrongdoer to reform without being sent to jail or the stockade and even without payment of a fine, too often this demand coming entirely on his innocent family. Mr. Coogler deserves the name of being the father of the probation system here, one that has served as a pattern for other cities throughout the South.
Under the interesting title of "A New Order of Policeman," the Literary Digest of October 24,1914, makes very complimentary mention of Mr. Coogler in connection with the reform he has brought about, and still further, the American Magazine for October gives the story of the officer's first trial of a system that he had worked out as being humane and worth trying. In that one case it resulted in reclaiming a weak man and, through sane and sympathetic methods, restoring him to his family and society.
From the same journal the following quotation, bearing on this subject, is made: "Under the firm conviction that the ordinary prison system is wasteful both of the state's funds and of human lives, the Probation Com mission of New York State has lately been conducting a reform that bids fair to become widely popular, and, so far, has more than justified itself. They are attempting to save men from prison. In this they are doing on a large scale what Officer Coogler of Atlanta, has done for the wrong-doers on his beat, and, apparently, they have not only bencfitted many human beings thereby, but have, as well, succeeded in proving to the state that the system of probation is one of pecuniary advantage.''
On July 27, 1882, Sidney J. Coogler was united in marriage with Miss Edna J. Stanfield, of Hampton, Georgia, and this admirable woman has been his helpmate indeed, being ever in perfect sympathy with his aims. Of the ten children born to them the following survive: Berta, who is the wife of B. W. Maddox; Jessie, who is the wife of M. W. Johnston; and Edward P., Lizzie Belle and Sidney J., Jr. The family belongs to the Gordon Street Presbyterian Church, in which Mr. Coogler is an elder and is also an active worker in the Sunday school. His fraternal connections are with the Knights of Pythias and the Improved Order of Red Men.
When the probation plan as outlined by Mr. Coogler was accepted by the city council of Atlanta, it became necessary in order to carry it out that a place be provided in which to temporarily keep those arrested. In behalf of this object Mr. Coogler took it upon himself to interest the Presbyterian churches of the city, the final result of his efforts being the formation of the Christian Helpers''League of Atlanta, the members of which contribute the funds necessary to maintain permanent probation quarters and facilities. By special resolution the city council of Atlanta granted permission to Mr. Coogler to assume the superintendency of the league, the duties of which he performs in addition to those of chief probation officer.

GEORGE ALMAN GARBETT. First elected to the office of state and county tax collector of Walton County in 1907, George Alman Garrett has continued to retain that position through a display of earnestness, honesty and unassum ing ability, and the final result of his faithful and progressive service is not only to firmly establish him in the confidence of the local public, but to give him standing as one to whom the service is indebted for permanent and practical improvements.
Mr. Garrett was born on a farm in Walton County, seven miles north of Monroe, November 12, 1871, and is a son of James R, and Mary F. (Upshaw) Garrett, and a member of a family that has been well and honorably known

2202

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

here for many years. The Garretts came from the North of Ireland, some time after the close of the Revolutionary war, the family being founded in the United States by three brothers, Josiah, Samuel and James, the lastnamed being the grandfather of George A. Garrett. In 1819 the widowed grandmother removed with her children to wild land in Oglethorpe County, Georgia, and about thirteen years later they came to Walton County and bought a farm eight miles northwest of Monroe.
James R. Garrett was born in Virginia and was a small lad when the family moved to Oglethorpe County, where he obtained a public school educa tion. He was still a youth when they came to Walton County, and here he was engaged in farming when the war between the states came on, and enlisted in the state troops for service in the Confederate army. His military career finished, he returned to the peaceful pursuits of farming, and con tinued to be occupied therewith until his death in 1895. He was a stanch democrat, and he and his wife were members of the Primitive Baptist Church. NT. Garrett was first married to a Miss Pletcher, and they became the parents of three living children: Nathan Parks, who is a farmer and resides at Rarlington, Georgia; Susan, who is the widow of Benjamin Upshaw and lives at Atlanta; and James, a resident of Loganvillc. James R. Garrett was married the .second time to Lucinda Adcock, by whom he had no children, and after her death married Mary F. Upshaw, who was born near Social Circle, Walton County, Georgia, daughter of Tinsley Upshaw, a successful planter who died in Walton County at the age of seventy-two years. James R, and Mary F. Garrett were the parents of three children: Amelia Vir ginia, who died at the age of fifteen years; George Alraan, of this notice; and Luther Thomas, born December 15, 1873, who is engaged in operating the old home place in Walton County.
George Alma Garrett attended the country schools of Walton County, and proved an assiduous, apt and retentive scholar, so that he fitted himself for work as an educator and received a teacher's certificate. After teaching one term in Newton County and seven terms in Walton County, in 1900 he went to Logansville, Georgia, and there secured a clerkship in the mercantile establishment of W. H. Braswell, in whose employ he remained six years. During this period he was elected mayor of Logansville and served two terms, taking a leading part in the civic and educational affairs of that place. In 1907 Mr. Garrett became a candidate for the office of state and county tax collector, to which he was elected, and moved to Monroe, the county seat of Walton County, which has since continued to be his home, he now serving his fifth term. Mr. Garrett succeeded in office W. A. Rogers, who had served thirty-four years in this office, it being a curious coincidence that Mr. Rogers was first elected in the year of Mr. Garrett's birth. Mr. Garrett has shown himself alert, practical and energetic, and his record as tax collector is one of results accomplished. He is a member of the Knights of Pythias.
In Newton County, Georgia, October 8, 1891, at the home of his bride, Mr. Garrett was united in marriage with Miss Ida S. Dial, who was born in Walton County, daughter of William and Sophronia (Giles) Dial, the latter the daughter of Thomas Giles, a pioneer planter and leading citizen of Walton County. Four children have been born to this union: Curtis, born September 16," 1892; Floy, born September 19, 1895; Pansy, born March 1, 1899; and George Alraan, Jr., born January 4, 1910. Mrs. Garrett is well known in social, charitable and religious circles, and is a leading member of the Woman's Missionary Society of the First Methodist Church, and in June, 1915, took an active part in the District Conference held at Monroe.
DR. HILARY R. KING. There is probably no other citizen of Atlanta who has traveled over the world so extensively as Dr. Hilary R. King, who is now enjoying a comfortable retirement at Atlanta, which city has been his home

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2203

for the past ten years. For more than forty years Doctor King practiced dentistry, and exercised his skill and carried the instruments and equipments of his profession over practically all the known world. Many years were spent in the Central and South American countries, and he is one of the best informed citizens in the South on Latin American conditions and peoples.
Born in Carrollton, Mississippi, August 1, 1847, he comes of a family of professional men, since his father was Dr. Addison McGee King, a physician who was born in Lawrence County, Mississippi. The maiden name of Doctor King's mother was Eleanor Estill, a native of Tennessee. "When he was five years old Hilary R. King went to Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, and until he was seventeen lived in the home of his uncle Carr King. Thus, though a south erner by birth and antecedents, he was reared in one of the typical northern manufacturing centers and acquired his early education there. In early childhood his health was very delicate, and his father, after removing from Carrollton, Mississippi, to New Orleans, Louisiana, believed that the future of his child would be best safeguarded by a residence in the North, and there fore placed him in his brother's home. The change was the salvation of Doctor King, since he became strong and rugged in constitution, and outlived every other member of his immediate family. He was one of a family of twelve children, ten sons and two daughters, being the fourth of the sons. His older brothers served in the Confederate army. Though reared in Pitts burg Doctor King was a'' rebel'' to the core. However, he never took an active part in the war, partly because he was too young and partly because his adopted home was in the North. Had he served at all it would have been on the southern side.
In 1863 he rejoined his family in the South, but his parents then lived on a farm in Upshur County, Texas. The elder Doctor King, though still a physician and practicing medicine, was at that time conducting an extensive plantation in Upshur County, and worked 130 slaves. On that East Texas plantation Hilary R. King lived for fourteen months.
In 1865 he entered the Cincinnati Dental College, from which he was graduated in 1867. After that for a period of forty-two years he practiced dentistry. Many of these years, as already stated, were spent in South America and eleven years at Iquitos, Peru, on the Amazon River. Had Doctor King lived in an earlier period of the world's history he might-well have been a soldier of fortune. He was in fact a journeyman dentist, and made his profession the means of a livelihood in many different quarters of the world's surface. He took his dental outfit with him, and practiced for varying lengths of time in all the western states, in the countries of Central and South America, and thus carried his travels perhaps to as remote quarters as any dentist that ever lived. In this manner he practiced at various points in Texas, New Mexico, Arizona and California, and finally went down the Pacific Coast to South America, visiting practically every section of that continent, though making his longest stay at Iquitos in Peru. His travels have not been con fined to the New World, since he has penetrated almost every civilized and uncivilized section of the Globe.
In 1906 Doctor King located at Atlanta, and has since been living in quiet retirement. By his long and active career he has accumulated a competence not only sufficient for his personal independence through the rest of his life, but has also had ample means to perform a handsome part by several grand children whom he is supporting and educating.
Doctor King has been twice married. Hjs first wife was Emma "Whitlow, who was born and reared at Corinth, Mississippi, and she lived about twelve years after their marriage, and bore Mm three children, two of whom are still living: Mrs. May Hixon and Guy Thomas King, both of Atlanta, Doctor King was married at Atlanta, January 31, 1911, to Miss Laura Paine, only daughter of Capt. Walter Paine of Milledgeville, Georgia. After their

2204

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

marriage Doctor and Mrs. King visited all of the western noted resorts and have since' traveled extensively. Doctor King is a member of the Missionary Baptist Church, and is a Royal Arch and Knight Templar Mason. By reason of his long residence in the southern countries he has acquired a knowledge of Spanish so that he speaks, reads and writes it as fluently as his native tongue.
CAPT. WALTER PAINE was for many years one of the distinguished and honored citizens of Milledgeville, Georgia, He earned his rank and title by valiant service with the Confederate army in the war between the states, and was a man who played his part well in every one of life's varied duties and relationships.
He was clerk of the Superior Court ,of Baldwin County for thirty-six years and was nominated for his nineteenth consecutive term while on his death-bed, thus showing his popularity, his friends saying they wanted him to die in office. He was also clerk of the county commissioners and had served as alderman for a number of years.
The old Paine homestead in Milledgeville is still standing, still serving as a residence and is the center for a host of interesting associations and recollec tions on the part o<f the Paine family. It was in that home that Capt. 'Walter Paine was born in September, 1884. lie lived out his life largely in that city and died there in April, 1908, in his seventy-fourth year. His father, Dr. Charles J. Paine, was born at Richmond, Virginia, and when a very young man located in Milledgcville, where for forty-one years he practiced the pro fession of medicine. His death occurred in 1859.
His mother, Ann Johnson Davies, of Sunbury, Liberty County, Georgia, was at the time of her marriage to Doctor Paine the nineteen-year-old widow of William Meliitosh, and her father was an eminent judge in Savannah, whose portrait now hangs in the courthouse of that city. Still another distinguished ancestor was John Moler Mclntosh, who came to Georgia in the Oglethorpe and settled the Town of New Inverness, now known as Darien, Georgia. An uncle, William Paine, was an eminent lawyer and a member of Congress for several years.
As a youth, Captain Paine attended the old Oglethorpe University at Midway, a suburb of Milledgeville. lie was a student there when its presi dent was Samuel K. Talmadge, an uncle of'the famous divine,. T. DeWitt Talmadge.
As a, young man in Milledgeville, Captain. Paine had the distinction of serving several years as clerk of the House of Representatives. At that time Milledgeville was the capital of the state. All his southern chivalry and patriotism were aroused at the outbreak of the war, and he fought under the flag of the Confederacy, risking death, on many a battlefield. He was captain of Company I), Hardce's Corps and'McLaws' Brigade. His only brother, Thomas Spalding Paine, also served his country all through the Civil war as captain of Company E, Twenty-first Georgia Battalion, which afterwards became the Tenth Georgia Regiment. After the war he settled in South Georgia and was widely known as an expert druggist.
Distinctive as was Capt, Walter Paine's service in the war, he played an equally useful and efficient part in the horrible years of reconstruction that followed the surrender at Appomattox. He was one of the Vigilantes, better known as the "Ku Klux Klan." Through this organization he helped to restore law and order in his native county and during his subsequent lifetime he related to his friends and family many thrilling tales of his experiences as a Ku Klux. He had a very graphic manner of describing these incidents. Captain Paine and several others were initiated into the Klan by General Forrest, the ceremony taking place secretly, at night, in the vestry room, of St. Stephen's Episcopal Church, Milledgeville. This little church is still used as a house of worship. Captain Paine also took a very active interest in the Benevo lent and Protective Order of Elks, being a charter member of Milledgeville

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2205

Lodge, No. 774, and for several years held the position of trustee in the lodge. Captain Paine's was a remarkable personality, refined and courteous,
faultlessly neat in dress, a most interesting talker with a wonderful memory of past events and statistics. He never grew old so far as mind and heart were concerned and up to the last two or three years of his life would have been taken for a man of at least fifteen years his junior. He was noted for . the bigness of his heart, his kindness and generosity, and in fact, he typified the southern gentleman of the old school.
Captain Paine was twice married, the first time to Gertrude Dasher of Tliomasville, Georgia, in 1857. From this union a son was born, Charles Herman, who lived most of his life in Yaldosta, Georgia, where he became one of its wealthiest and most highly respected citizens. After a romantic court ship Captain Paine was married a second time, in 1872, to Annie Eliza Turner, of Milledgeville, daughter of Milbnrn Turner, a pioneer citizen of Baldwin County. For thirty-two years Captain Paine and wife enjoyed a happy life and it was a rare privilege to be included in the circle of their friends or to be entertained in their hospitable home. Mrs. Paine died in 1904.
Surviving Captain Paine are five grandsons and one granddaughter, chil dren of his only son, Charles H. Paine, who died in 1902. Captain Paine is also survived by an only daughter, Laura Belle, now Mrs. Hilary E, King of
Atlanta,
REUBEN MCDANIEL TUCK. One of the leading legal combinations of Walton County is that of Dean & Tuck, of Monroe, the junior member of which is Reuben Me Daniel Tuck, who has won success in a profession whose devotees, as distinguished from business men or politicians, are a recognized power. The man versed in the laws of his country has been depended upon to conserve the best and permanent interests of the whole people. The pro fessional lawyer is never the creature of circumstance; the profession is open to talent, and no definite prestige or success can be attained save by perse verance, energy, patience and strong mentality. It has been the possession of these qualities which have given Mr. Tuck a place among the leaders of the county bar, although he is still a young man and a recent acquisition to the
profession, Mr. Tuck was born on his father's plantation in Walton County, Georgia,
October 31. 1887, and is a son of James W. and Ida (Watson) Tuck, and a member of an old, well known and honored family of this state. His father was also born in Walton County, in 1864,.was given a good education and was reared to agricultural pursuits, to which he has devoted himself all his life. He is now the owner of a handsome property in Walton County, all acquired through his own efforts, and upon which are to be found handsome and modern improvements. He and Mrs. Tuck, who is also a native of Walton County, are members of the Baptist Church, and have been the parents of nine children, of whom Reuben McDaniel is the eldest.
Reuben McDaniel Tuck received his early education from the district and high schools of Monroc, and after his graduation from the latter enrolled as a student at the University of Georgia, at Athens, where he completed the law course and was graduated with the class of 1912 and the degree of Bachelor of Laws. At that time he engaged in the practice of his calling at Winder and continued to be so engaged until he' received the appointment to the position of secretary to the Hon. Samuel J. Tribble, United States Con gressman from Georgia. His appointment was received January 1, 1913, and he was sent to Washington, District of Columbia, where he remained until Sep tember 15, 1914, discharging his duties in a capable manner, establishing a record for faithful service and efficiency, and making many friends among the leading public men at the capita]. When his services in this direction were completed, Mr. Tuck returned to his home city of Monroe, and here soon

2206

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

formed a partnership with Hon. William 0. Dean, under the firm style of Dean & Tuck. This concern has grown and flourished, and at the present time represents a number of leading interests of Walton County, the partners having excellent reputations in legal circles of the state.
Mr. Tuck is a close student, reader and observer, and holds membership in the various organizations of the law. He is fraternally affiliated with the Knights of Pythias, with numerous friends in the local lodge. He has been an active democrat, and is a consistent member of the Baptist Church.
ERASTUS W. ROBERTS. After serving eight consecutive terms in the capacity of mayor of the City of Monroe, Erastus W. Roberts resigned from that office in 1915 to accept the appointment as solicitor of the City Court. The youngest mayor in the history of the city, he held that position longer than any other incumbent as to successive elections and established a record for faithful, energetic and efficient service that is being duplicated in his present official post. He has always used his fine abilities as a lawyer in promoting the welfare of Walton County and Monroe, and has particularly distinguished himself in securing improvements for his native community.
Mr. Roberts was born on a farm in Walton County, Georgia, November 25, 1881, and is a son of Willoughby II. and Roberta (Smith) Roberts. His paternal grandfather, Absalom E. Roberts, was a native of North Carolina, from whence he removed to Georgia, settling in Walton County, where he was residing when the Avar between the states broke out. He served in the Confederate army with ability and distinction and when the war closed returned to his farm, where he resided until his death. His wife was Mary Culbreath, a native of Georgia. Willoughby II. Roberts was born in Walton County, Georgia, in 1864, while his father was still in the army. He was given a public school education and on growing to manhood adopted the voca tion of farmer, continuing to be so engaged during his entire active period. Now a retired resident of Monroe, he is a stanch democrat, a well known Mason and a member of the Baptist Church, to which Mrs. Roberts also belongs. She was born in Walton County, a daughter of William R. and Amanda (Wright) Smith. Her father, who was for many years a promi nent farmer and planter of Walton County, participated in the early Indian wars of Georgia, and also took part in the Civil war as a Confederate soldier, and was later sent to represent his district in the Georgia Legislature. He was a stalwart democrat and an active Baptist. Two children were born to Willoughby H. and Roberta Roberts: Ettie, who is the wife of E. P. Powell,
Jr., of Monroe; and Erastus W. Erastus W. Roberts received his early educational training in the public
and high schools of Monroe, after leaving which he took a law course at the University of Mercer, and was duly graduated with his degree of Bachelor of Laws in 1905. For two years he was associated with H. G. Nowell, in the practice of law, under the firm style of Nowejl & Roberts, and in 1907 was elected mayor of Monroe, as the youngest man who ever held that office, being at that time only twenty-six years of age. Mr. Roberts proved a capable and energetic executive, his administration being characterized by achieve ments along the line of civic improvements, particularly in the building up of the public school system and the installing of seven miles of concrete side walks. He continued to serve in the mayoralty chair until 1915, when Governor Slayton appointed him solicitor of the City Court of Monroe, and he assumed the duties of that office on June 15th. As the past is gen erally considered quite a criterion for the future, it may safely be predicted that Mr. Roberts will make one of the best solicitors which Moni?e has ever had. He continues in the practice of law, his attainments having attracted to him a large and representative clientele, and he holds membership in the Walton County Bar Association. His fraternal affiliations are with the

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2207

Knights of Pythias and the Improved Order of Red Men. Mr. Roberts is a
Baptist, On June 21, 1911, Mr. Roberts was married at Elberton, Georgia, to Miss
Norma Shannon, daughter of John P. and Ida (Power) Shannon, Mr. Shannon being a leading citizen of Elberton, where lie is prominently connected with the Knights Templar of the Masonic order. Mr. and Mrs. Roberts have one child: Dorothy, who was born at Monroe, December 19, 1912. Mr. Roberts has a" handsome modern home at Monroe, where he is generally to be found when he is not busy with the duties of his office, but he is also very fond of camping, hunting, and fishing, recreations in which Mrs. Roberts shares.
HON. ALONZO C. STONE. The bench of Walton County has no more distinguished incumbent than Hon. Alonzo C. Stone, judge of the City Court of Monroe. As jurist and legist he has been an honor to the profession of law and as a citizen he has faithfully performed every duty devolving upon Mm, while his record as a member of the Georgia State Legislature is one which entitles him to the gratitude and confidence of the entire community.
Judge Stone is a native son of Monroe, Walton County, and was born December 15, 1863, his parents being Thom-as A. and Margaret (Blasingame) Stone, also natives of Walton County. His father, during his earlier years, was one of the most extensive planters and slaveholders in Walton County, and a man of high character, the associate and confidant of the leading men of the day. Owing to his great interests, it was decided that he would be of better service to the South during the war between the states if on his own property than at the front, and he was thus exempted from military duty. However, he contributed his full share to the support of the Con federacy, giving generously of his means towards supplying the troops of the gray with great numbers of supplies. Toward the latter part of the conflict he took up arms, enlisting in the state troops. Always a stanch
democrat, he supported its policies and candidates throughout his career. He died in the faith of the Methodist Church, of which he had been a lifelong member, in 1899, aged sixty-nine and one-half years. Mrs. Stone, who survives him, resides at the home of her son, Judge Stone, at Monroe, and is eighty-three years of age. There were seven children in the family, of whom,three died in infancy, the others being: Frances, who became the wife'of G. W. Holmes and died in Walton County, in February, 1889; George Lee, who died at Monroe in 1897; Judge Alonzo C., of this review; and Miss Lola, who is single, and resides with her mother and brother.
Alonzo C. Stone first attended the graded and high schools of Monroe, following which he enrolled as a student at Emory College, where he finished the junior year. As a lad he had determined upon a career in the law, and after he had left college he began the study of this profession at nights while spending the daytimes as a clerk in general stores at Monroe. In 1891 lie was admitted to practice by Hon. N. L. Hutchings, judge of the Superior Court, and Richard B. Russell, solicitor-general, and at once opened an office and began the practice of his vocation. He soon attracted the attention of men of influence in public affairs, who recognized in the young lawyer a man of ability and talent. His first public office was that of clerk of Walton County Court, in which he served two terms, and in 1892 was elected mayor of Monroe, holding that office for a like period. In the meantime he had become a power in democratic politics and was made chairman of the County Democratic Executive Committee, being the incumbent of that important post for eight years, during which time he participated actively in campaigns and was an important figure on the stump, particularly against the populist movement when that party was at the height of its power. In 1896 Judge Stone was chosen as one of the representatives in the Georgia State Legislature, in which body he served four years, a period characterized
Vol. IV 24

2208

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

by stirring and 'useful effort. He was especially active in the interest of the new convict lease system, and was made a member of the special com mittee appointed to draft a bill re-leasing convicts, and which became known as the Re-Leasing Bill, which caused a raise in the hire of convicts from $12 to over $100 annually, and also in establishing state farms and penitentiaries for derelict women, children and feeble convicts. He was elected state senator in 1900 and served during the session of 1900-1, and there, as in the lower house, he was a working member of the distinguished body, being chairman and a member of various committees, including that which redistricted the senatorial districts of Georgia after the census was taken in 1900. When he left the senate he became a member of the Democratic State Executive Committee, and was a delegate from the Fifth Congressional Dis trict to the national convention held at St. Louis, which placed Judge Alton B. Parker on the ticket as candidate for President of the United States. In 1904 he helped to organize the first Alton B. Parker Club in Georgia, and worked faithfully in the interests of that candidate, as he had for every individual named by his party in the last twenty years, during which time he did not miss a state convention. After his strenuous labors in the senate chambers, Judge Stone was stricken in health, and for two years was prac tically an invalid. Upon his recovery, in 1909, he was appointed judge of the city court for a ter-m of four years, and in 1913 was reappointed for a like period. His service has been such as would'be expected from a man of his abilities, integrity and broad and general knowledge of men and affairs, and there is no more popular member of the Walton County bench and bar.
When his official duties will permit, Judge Stone is frequently found on his fine farm in Walton County, where he superintends the growing of all the standard crops of the locality and demonstrates that he has not forgotten the training of his youth. He is fond of fishing as a pastime, and is fraternally affiliated with the Knights of Pythias and the Kappa Alpha College fraternity. His religious' connection is with the Methodist Church, of which he has been a lifelong member.
WILLIAM: T. GENTRY, president of the Southern Bell Telephone and Tele graph Company, is a native of Virginia, born in Gordonsville April 14, 1854, son of John R. Gentry, a prominent citizen of Virginia, who held the office of mayor of his town for twenty-five years. Early in youth he became a telegraphic operator and afterward entered the telephone service of the Western Union and Bell companies, installing and managing local exchanges at various southern points. In 1884 he was appointed manager of the Atlanta office by the Bell Company; in 1893 became assistant district superintendent, in 1907 vice president and in 1909 president of the Southern Bell Telephone and Telegraph Company. He has taken out many patents on telephone appli ances, being the original patentee of the automatic coin collector.
iV
ROGER L. GAMBLE, who was a native of Jefferson County, practiced law at Louisville for many years. He was elected a representative from Georgia to the Twenty-third Congress as a states-rights democrat, defeated for reelection to the Twenty-fourth, and elected to the Twenty-seventh as a Harrison whig. Defeated for re-election to the Twenty-eighth, he was then elected a judge of the Superior Court, serving in that capacity with ability, and died at his home in Louisville December 20, 1847.

HON. EMMETT MITCHELL WILLIAMS. The career of Hon. Emmett Mitchell Williams, present judge of probate, has been noteworthy in a number of ways, but particularly has been interesting to the people of Walton County for public service and integrity in office, Judge Williams having the distinc tion of being one of the few officials who have spent less of the county funds

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2209

than they have received. Still a young-man, his activities have led him into successful operations in agriculture, sawmilling, cotton ginning and merchan dising, while as a public servant his signal services have contributed materially to the development of his county, particularly along the line of good roads.
Judge Williams was born at Grayson, Gwinnett County, Georgia, Decem ber 10, 1880, and is a son of James D. and Mary E. (Jacobs) Williams, residents of Lawrenceville, Georgia, and natives of Gwinnett County. The father, who was one of a family of eighteen children, passed his entire active career in planting, and won honorable success in his undertakings through in dustry and integrity. He is now living a retired life. He is a stanch democrat, has for many years been steward of the Methodist Church, and is prominent in the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, in which he passed through the chairs and has been a delegate to the state lodge. Eleven children were born to James D. and Mary E. Williams, of whom four are deceased, the survivors, being: Charles P., ,of Lawrenceville, Georgia; Sally, who is the wife of J. T. Armstrong, of Atlanta; J. Marion, a resident of Monroe; Emmett Mitchell; Dr. A. D., a graduate of the Atlanta Eclectic School of Medicine and now engaged in active practice at Atlanta; Pearl, who is the wife of Prof. J. J. Brock, principal of the schools of Eockmart, Polk County, Georgia; Dr. P. A,, who is the proprietor of an Atlanta pharmacy; and George, a graduate of the University of Georgia, class of 1913, and a teacher in the Rome public schools.
After attending the public schools of Gwinnett County, during which time he resided on the home farm, Emmett Mitchell Williams enrolled as a student at Perry Rainey College, Auburn, Georgia, At that time he took up the vocation of educator, which he followed for seven years in Gwinnett and Walton counties, and during these years also found time to devote to the successful operation of a farm, a sawmill, a cotton gin and a general mer chandise store. His versatile abilities were displayed in making a success of all of these ventures, and he and Mrs. Williams are still the owners of 1,000 acres of well-cultivated land in Walton County, on which were operated in 1914 thirty plows, producing 200 bales of cotton, a flourishing crop of corn and the standard produce and truck.
Judge Williams' first political office was that of justice of the peace, a capacity in which he served from 1906 until 1908, in Walton County, and in 1912 he became the candidate for the office of ordinary, to which he was elected by a handsome majority, and in which capacity he has continued to serve to the entire satisfaction of those who placed their confidence in his ability and probity. With innate principles and character to permit only honorable and legitimate courses of action, Judge Williams has constantly gained new friends among- the right-thi::>ing men of the -community. He has been one of the foremost promoters of improvements for civic and county betterment, and has established a record for the upkeep and topsoiling of county roads. He also takes an active part in the elevation of agricultural standards and is one of the valued members 'of the Farmers Union. Fraternally he is affiliated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, while his religious connection is with the Methodist Church, in which he is serving as steward.
Judge Williams was married May 20, 1902, in Gwinnett County, Georgia, to Miss Floy Gertrude Booth, who was born in Walton County, a daughter of Hon. Charles M. and Mary S. (Smith) Booth, her father being a prom inent planter and at one time representative of Walton County in the Georgia General Assembly. One child has come to Judge and Mrs. Williams: James Booth, born in Walton County, May 26, 1904, and now a student in the graded schools at Monroe.

2210

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

ELISHA B. GREEN. The high business average of the younger element in commercial circles in Georgia, as exemplified in the prominence attained recently by a large proportion of its numbers, their marked executive ability, exhaustive knowledge of the fundamental principles of business, and the energy and enterprise with which they carry on their activities, has done much to promote the welfare of the state. Esley B. Green, of Canton, is one of the well-known men of the generation referred to, from the fact that he is possessed of nearly all if not all of those qualities which are requisite to success. That he has secured the important positions of secretary and general manager of the Consolidated Marble and Milling Company is evi dence of his ability to properly apply these qualities in his every-day activities.
Mr. Green was born March 6, 1890, at Greenville, Greenville County, South Carolina, the old ancestral home of the family for a number of genera tions, and is a son of Benjamin Augustus and Ida (Bates) Green, natives also of that place. The father died at Greenville, in 1902, at the age of thirty-four years.
Elisha B. Green was educated in the public schools of Greenville and Easley, North Carolina, at which latter place he received a thorough training in a business college. After his graduation therefrom, in 1907, although but seventeen years of age, he left his home and came to Canton, where he secured employment as a minor clerk in the Coggin Marble Company. His energetic and progressive spirit, his inherent ability, and his faithful discharge of the duties entrusted to him, won him repeated promotion, until he was given the position of bookkeeper, which he held at the time he left the company's services after five years of employment. In 1912 he was offered and accepted the management of the Continental Marble Company, of Canton, and remained with that concern until April, 1913, when he resigned to accept the positions of secretary and general manager of the Consolidated Marble and Milling Company, capacities in which he has remained to the present time. This company, which is engaged in the monumental marble business, finishing the rough product, employs'normally from forty to fifty men, and has an extensive trade throughout the states of the South. Mr. Green is a man of keen discernment, about whom there is the atmosphere of business. He carries on his operations in a modern, systematic and efficient manner, for he has been reared in the school of practical experience, the best training to fit young men for successful business lives. He has responded manfully to his business opportunities, and his success has been entirely self-acquired, for no financial or other influences have aided him.
Mr. Green was married August 10, 1910, at Canton, Georgia, to Miss Estelle Ellis, a native of Southern Georgia, born near Ashburn, Ben Hill County, Georgia, daughter of J. A. Ellis. One daughter has been born to this union: Ida Ellis. Mr. and Mrs. Green are members of the Baptist Church. Politically, he is'a democrat, but business cares and duties have demanded his time and attention to the exclusion of public matters, save where he can assist good movements as a public-spirited citizen. He is prominent in Masonry, belonging to the Knights Templar and the Shrine, and also holds membership in the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Improved Order of Red Men and the Woodmen of the World, and in each
order has numerous friends.
WILLIAM SYDNOR THOMSON. The death of Col. William Sydnor Thom son, on December 22, 1913, removed from Atlanta a well known and notable citizen, one whose professional standing was deservedly high, whose business connections were honorable, whose public activities were stable and useful, and whose private life was ennobling, exhibiting family devotion, social effort and intense church allegiance. In time of war he has proved a brave

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2211

soldier and in time of peace his courage was equally efficient in his mainte nance of his principles. Atlanta will long have reason to deplore the loss
of so worthy a citizen. William Sydnor Thomson was born April 12, 1843, at Summit Point,
Virginia, now West Virginia. His parents were Warner A. and Frances (Sydiior) Thomson, and his maternal grandfather was William Sydnor, of Vir ginia. Warner A. Thomson was both a farmer and teacher and, as far as he was able, encouraged his sons in their efforts to secure an education. Thus William S. had educational opportunities of which he took advantage and by the time he was seventeen years of age was ready and competent to become himself a teacher. His first venture was near home but in August, 1860, he accepted a school near Calhoun, in East Tennessee. When hostile feelings between the states culminated in April, 1861, he returned to Vir ginia, where he enlisted as a private in Company G, Second Virginia Infan try, in which he served for fifteen months. He re-enlisted and became a mem ber of Stonewall Jackson's brigade, at the time it earned its famous name, and continued in the service until the close of the war, securing many promo tions in rank and participating in many of the important battles of the great struggle. He by no means escaped injuries and at the battle of Warrenton Spring was seriously wounded in the leg. For gallant conduct at this battle he was promoted to be sergeant of artillery and was assigned to Stuart's Horse Artillery. Following this he took part in the Wilderness and Shenandoah Valley campaigns and the battle of Trevillian Station.
After the surrender of the Confederate forces, Colonel Thomson returned to his Virginia home, where he remained until August, 1865, when he located at Marietta, Georgia, as a private tutor and also engaged in the study of law under the late George N. Lester, and was admitted to the bar in the fall of 1866. For one year he continued with Colonel Lester as a law clerk and then became his partner and the firm remained at Marietta until 1871, when removal was made to Atlanta, where the partnership continued until 1874. In that year Colonel Thomson formed a law partnership with the late Mil ton A. Candler, which continued until January 1,1906. He was very learned in the law and had an intellect of great exactness and clearness which made him successful both in preparing his eases and in conducting them. In 1889 he was elected attorney for the board of county commissioners of Fulton County and was annually re-elected to that office until 1895.
Colonel Thomson was married on November 2, 1871, to Miss Nena Ban ner, who died January 18, 1910. She was a daughter of David Danner, a native' of Virginia and later a resident of Knoxville, Tennessee. The sur viving children are four sons and four daughters: William D., Albert D., John D., Logan D., Frances D., Edith S., Adelaide C. and Mildred. All the sons are well known in local business and political circles, and the daughters equally in the city's social life, and all were devoted to a father who was ever,.so thoughtful for their comfort and who so deserved their affection and
admiration. For several years Colonel Thomson was president of the Atlanta Title
Guarantee Company; was chairman of the City Cemetery Commission of Atlanta; was a member of the Atlanta city council from the Fourth Ward for one term; and for seven years was a member of the board of education of Atlanta, of which he was both president and vice president and his inter est was ever aroused by any movement looking toward an educational or moral uplift. A marked feature of his daily life was his love for his church, a disinterested affection of great value to the organization. Early he was a member of the old Sixth Methodist but later transferred to Grace Church, Atlanta, and for a long while he was chairman of its board of stewards. Another deep and compelling interest in his life was his connection with Camp No. 159, United Confederate Veterans, of which he was a member

2212

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

and past commander. He enjoyed attending the reunions and never lost interest in his old army comrades. He was vice president of the board of trustees of the Confederate Soldiers Home of Georgia. He belonged also to the Masonic fraternity. In private life and in the home circle he was easy and companionable, and in the neighborhood in which he had lived for so many years was so honored and respected that his memory will long be preserved. He lived through times that tried men's souls, but no stain of dishonor ever cast a blur on his escutcheon.

BENJAMIN FRANKLIN CRISLER. Worthily in the front rank among the business men of Canton is found Benjamin Franklin Crisler. The mention of his name irresistibly recalls to those familiar with the toil and ambition which necessarily preceded the upbuilding of the northern portion of Georgia, an immense field of labor successfully and honorably accomplished. Of some professional men and public servants who have passed into the history of this locality suggest the accomplishment of some distinguished tasks, so also the name of Benjamin F. Crisler will be identified with the commercial interests of Canton for a number of years to come.
Mr. Crisler is descended from two of America's oldest and most honored
families, the Garrs and the Crislers. A heraldic description of the Garr family crest, which was received as a reward from Emperor Charles V, in 1519, and which description may be found in the Paul Princely Crest Book,
part HI. page 32, F B 173, with a painting by Theodore Van Aster, follows: The Garrs are an old and very good family and carry in the blue field of the crest two black lilies, this proving the eminence of the family. On the red field, two black eagles are found, symbolizing the age of the family tree. Also an open knight's helmet, on which a crown is posted, and on the top two eaglets' wings, symbolizing the ascent of the family helmet. The cover
is red and silver.
The Garr and Crisler families, natives of Bavaria, formed a part of a colony which emigrated to America in 1732 and settled in Pennsylvania. Since then twelve generations have come into existence in the United States, and in 1893, 1,600 descendants of John Garr are recorded in the Garr and Crisler family tree. Fawatt Crisler married Rosina Garr, who was born in Bavaria, August 11, 1713, a daughter of John Garr, who was born Novem
ber 17, 1657. The father of Benjamin F. Crisler, Abel Crisler, was born June 6, 1808,
in Elbert County, Georgia, a son of Julius Crisler and a grandson of John George Crisler, a native of Culpeper County, Virginia. Julius Crisler, the founder of the Crisler family in Georgia, was born in 1767, was a farmer by vocation, an admirable citizen of his community and an honorable Chris tian gentleman. He died May 5, 1856, at the age of eighty-six years. Mr. Crisler married Elizabeth Souther, also of Culpeper County, Virginia,
who died October 23, 1854. They reared to maturity a family of twelve
children, Abel being the ninth in order of birth. Abel. Crisler was born June 6, 1808, in Elbert County, Georgia, and was
married to Anne Maxwell, who was born in that county, June 3, 1808. They passed their lives in the peaceful pursuits of the soil, the father dying April 23, 1881, at the age of seventy-three years, while the mother passed away October 15, 1868, when sixty years of age, Of their large family, nine sons fought under the flag of the Confederacy during, the great struggle between the South and the North during the '60s. Four of these sons met soldiers' deaths: William Julius, who died at Richmond; Simeon Germany and Joseph Martin, who fell at Manassas; and George Elsie, who was killed at Falling Creek, Virginia. Thomas Jackson Crisler lost an arm at Manassas, and at the same sanguinary engagement, Benjamin F. Crisler had his arm maimed bv a minnic ball. Isam T. Crisler was wounded in the leg at Rich-

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2213

mond, John Wesley Crisler was paralj- '^ed by a bomb at the Battle of Atlanta, and Robert Blanton Crisler also served, being the only one of the nine brothers to escape without death 'or injury.
Benjamin Franklin Crisler was born June 20, 1844, near Alpharetta, in Cobb County, now Milton County, Georgia, and was a youth still in his 'teens when he left school and offered his services as a soldier in the Confed erate army, being the seventh of his father's sons to do so. He was accepted as a member of the Twenty-second Georgia Regiment, Company E, with which he served until incapacitated by injury, when he returned to his father's farm and resumed his studies for two years. At that time, although without means, he decided upon a mercantile career, and, coming to Canton, secured a clerkship in the store of Teasley & Page, receiving for his services $100 and his board for the first year. Out of this he managed to save $76, in addition to which he received $45 from a crop of potatoes which he had planted before leaving home. He had, also, during this brief time, estab lished a credit that was to prove an incalculable value to him during his first years, in which time he demonstrated his ability so well that he attracted the attention and drew the confidence of leading business men of the community. Thus, he finally formed a partnership with W. A. Teasley, who remained as the silent member of the firm until his death, in 1907, when Mr. Crisler admitted to partnership his son, Roy, who has since been associated with him. His business ventures have been a decided success, and his establish ment today is accounted one of the leading enterprises of Canton, requiring the services of a number of clerks. Of this business it may be said that it has been solidly built on the foundation of honest policies and methods. In addition Mr. Crisler is interested in various other concerns, having been one of the organizers of the First Bank of Canton, and a director and one of the organizers of the Canton CottonJ\fills, which employ from 450 to 500 hands.
An active democrat, he has taken an interest in political matters, and has served as a member of the city council. An excellent public service rendered by him has been as a member of the committee having charge of the finances of Cherokee County, during the past eight years. The 1915 report of this body, to the people of the county, showed no indebtedness, and a surplus of $23,000 in the treasury. During the past forty-four years he has served as steward of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and for many years he has been a member of the board of trustees.
Mr. Crisler has been twice married. On September 16, 1873, at Canton, he was united with Miss Mary Maxwell Teasley, daughter of W. A. Teasley, his first partner in business, and she died December 26, 1880, at Canton, aged twenty-three years, having been born June 3, 1857. Two children were born to this union: Anna Lou, who became the wife of D. B. Mullins, of Pulaski, Virginia, and has four children.- DeWitt, Frances, Ann and Cade; and Miss Daisy, who resides with her father. On February 21, 1883, at Canton, Mr. Crisler was married to Miss Georgia Emma McClure, daughter of Rev. C. M. McClure and Piety (Burtz) McClure. Reverend McClure served as judge of probate for many years of Cherokee County. Two sons were born to this union: Benjamin Roy, born January 3, 1884, at Canton, associated in business with his father, married Miss Ann McAfee, a native of Cherokee County, Georgia, and has one son, Benjamin Roy, Jr., born January 22, 1905. at Canton; and Charles Maxwell, born February 3, 1893, at Canton, married Miss Frances Stembridge, of Milledgeville, daughter of S J. and Laura Gertrude Stembridge, and has one daughter, Nell Maxie, born January
1, 1915, at Milledgeville.

COL. ELNATHAN WALKER COLEMAN. A lawyer of broad and successful experience, whose work and attainments constitute him one of the leaders of the bar of North Georgia, Col. Elnathan Walker Ooleman has for a number

2214

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

of years been in successful practice at Canton in Clierokee County. He is a native Georgian, and comes of a family of substantial plaiiters, merchants and professional inen.
Elnathan Walker Coleman was bom in Ellijay, Gilmer County, Georgia, August 2, 1861, but spent most of his youth in Pickens County. His parents were Watson R. and Nancy Alze (Wilson) Coleman. .His father was bom in Haywood County, North Carolina, and before his marriage came to Georgia and settled in Gilmer County in the early 730s. His first wife was Miss Selina Ellington. After many years spent as a farmer, he engaged in mer chandising also, and during the Civil war he furnished supplies to the Con federate army. He was active as a Methodist and belonged to the Masonic fraternity. His second wife, the mother of Colonel Coleman, was first married to Rev. G. G. Walker, a Presbyterian minister, and there was one daughter to that union, Miss Aurora Walker, who died some jyears ago. Watson R. Coleman and his second wife had four children. Of these Walter S. ,is connected with the United States census department at Atlanta; James I. Coleman is connected with the railway mail service at Atlanta; and Selina E., now deceased, was the wife of James A. Bledsoe. The mother of these children died August 18, 1903.
Elnathan W, Coleman received his early education in the public schools of Pickens County, and at the age of twenty-two graduated from the classical course with the degree Bachelor of Arts at Dahlonega College. He was professor of mathematics one year in his alma mater. The work to which he first successfully applied his energies was teaching, and he taught both in Pickens and Barto counties, for two years, and at the same time was engaged in the reading of law. Mr. Coleman was admitted to the bar in 1885, and opened his first office and took his first fees at Ellijay. In a few years he came to rank as the leading attorney of Gilmer County. In 1906 he removed to Chattanooga, Tennessee, and from that time was successfully engaged in the insurance business until 1908. Having sold out the business which had accumulated and grown under his management he removed to Cherokec County, Georgia, and has since had a large and profitable practice as a general lawyer. He is strong both as an advocate and as a counselor.
The active practice of law has not prevented Mr. Coleman from indulging a strong taste and inclination for agriculture, especially in fruit raising, and he has developed his interests along that line until they constitute a highly profitable and extensive business. He has about.a hundred acres adjacent to Canton devoted to apples and peaches and other fruits. Mr. Coleman is a democrat, but is especially interested in church work, being chairman of the Board of Missions of the North Georgia Conference of the Methodist Church, a lay leader for the Marietta district, and for many years active as superin tendent of Sunday school, and always liberal of his means and time to support the church causes. While in college he was a member ,,of the Sigma Alpha
Epsilon fraternity, has passed the various chairs of the Independent Order
of Odd Fellows and is also affiliated with the Woodmen of the World.
Mr. Coleman first married Miss Fanny King of Cobb County, daughter
of Frank and Sarah (Morrell) King of Savannah. Mrs. Coleman was a
first cousin to Mrs. Henry W. Grady. Her death occurred in 1890. She
was a member of the Baptist Church. The present Mrs. Coleman before
her marriage was Miss Caroline Massey, daughter of John A. Massey, who
is remembered as an old and influential editor, having occupied the chair
of editor with the Marietta Journal from 1865 to 1913. Mr. and Mrs.
Coleman are the parents of two children: Alza, born in 1905; and Ellene,
born January 8, 1912.

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2215

NEWTON J. COKER, M. D. By the general consensus of opinion in Cherokee County Dr. Newton J. Coker is adjudged to have the largest and most extensive medical practice in that community. With twenty years of active experience, Doctor Coker is one of the older members of the local medical fraternity, and his success has been exceptional in every particular.
Newton J. Coker was born in Cherokee County, Georgia, March 14, 1868, a son of Shealtiel and Elizabeth (Perkins) Coker. Both parents were natives of Cherokee County, his father born in September, 1844, and his mother in March, 1844. The grandfather, Thomas Coker, a native of South Carolina removed to Cherokee County, Georgia, in the early '30s, was mar ried and settled on 'a farm, where he died at the age of forty years, leaving his widow and ten children. Of these, Shealtiel Coker, the second, grew up on a farm and had a limited schooling. At the outbreak of the war he joined the Twenty-third Georgia Infantry, and was four years a soldier of the Con federacy. He was once wounded, and went through all the hardships and trials of a soldier's life. After the war he returned to begin life over again, and has since been actively engaged in farming. His wife died in September, 1909, at the age of sixty-five. Her father was Newton Perkins, who in turn was a son of Moses Perkins, the founder of the Perkins family in Georgia. Both the Cokers and the Perldnses have been very prominent in Baptist church affairs in Cherokee County for more than forty years. Doctor Coker is the oldest of four children, the others being: Charles T., a commercial man living at Gadsden, Alabama; James M., a farmer in Cherokee county; and Alpha, wife of Ernest White of Lighonia, DeKalb County, Georgia.
Newton J. Coker is a graduate of the Canton High School, and for three years was a student in Dahlonega College, leaving that institution in his junior year to take up the active prosecution of his medical studies in the University of Georgia. Doctor Coker was graduated M. D. with the class of 1893, and in April of the same year opened his office at Chapel, South Carolina. He had four years of practice in that locality, and when he returned to Cherokee County in 18^7 he was thus well fortified for the work which he has carried on with increasing success and prestige to the present date. Up to 1910 Doctor Coker practiced in the country districts, and in that year removed to the county seat at Canton. During 1913 he inter rupted his practice for several months in order to pursue post-graduate
studies in New York City. Doctor Coker allows no other interest to abstract him from the profession
in which he has enlisted all his enthusiasm and energy. He is a fine type of the modern physician, and as opportunity offers, makes his influence felt in local affairs. He was one of the organizers of the Cherokee County Medical Society, and for many years served as chairman of the board of education, and is given credit for having originated the present splendid school system ' in Canton. He is a Lodge and Chapter Mason, has passed various chairs in the-Independent Order of Odd Fellows and is a deacon of the Baptist Church. Mrs. Coker is also a leader in church and missionary affairs.
On December 21, 1893, at Alpharetta, Milton County, Georgia, Doctor Coker married Miss Effie Trammell, a native of Milton County, and a daughter of Milton IL and Mary (Weaver) Trammell. Her father died February 18. 1915, at Alpharetta at the age of seventy-five, after a long and active career as a farmer. He had also served in the Confederate army, was once wounded, and on another occasion was captured and was confined for several months in the Federal Prison on Johnson's Island in Lake Erie. Mrs. Trammell died in 1905. Doctor and Mrs. Coker have five children: Grady, born at Chapel, South Carolina, December 17, 1894, and having since graduated from the local high school; Miss Parnell, born at Chapel, South Carolina, in October, 1896; Lucile, born in Cherokee County in 1901; Mary Betty, born in Cherokee County in 1904; Shealtiel L., born in Cherokee
County in 1906.

2216

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

GEORGE R. GILMEB was born in that part of Wilkes that is now Oglethorpe County, Georgia, April 11, 1790. On account of ill-health he was unable to go to college, but while confined at home he read law and taught his younger brothers. In 1813 he served against the Creek Indians in the western part of the state, his active outdoor life so improving his health that he returned to Lexington and began the practice of the law. In 1818 he was elected to represent his county in the State Legislature; in 1820 he was elected to Congress, and again in 1824 and 1828. In 1830, after serving his first term as governor, he was a candidate for re-election, but was defeated by Wilson Lumpkin. However, he was again elected to Congress in 1833, and elected a second time governor in 1837. He died at Lexington, Georgia, November 15, 1859.

GEN. THOMAS GLASCOCK, the second, was born at Augusta, Georgia, Octo ber 21, 1790, and died at Decatur, Georgia, May 19, 1841. He had the bene fit of the best education procurable at that time, became a lawyer and a suc cessful practitioner. In the War of 1812 he served as captain of volunteers. In the Seminole troubles of 1817 he served under Gen. Andrew Jackson, with the rank of brigadier-general, being then a young man of twenty-seven. He then returned to his practice and in 1835 was elected to the Twentyfourth Congress, and in 1837 was re-nominated and elected to the Twentyfifth Congress, as a candidate of both political parties, on account of the dis tinguished service he had rendered in the previous Congress. He then retired from public life and removed to Decatur, DeKalb County, Georgia, intending to spend the remainder of his days in the practice of his profession, when lie met with a sudden death by being thrown from his horse. Glascock County, organized in 1858, was named in his honor.
ALFRED PINKNEY JOHNSON. Fortunate is the community that can include in its prominent citizenship men of ample means, energy and public spirit, and still more fortunate when these men are honorable, upright, generous and companionable. Among those who have thus helped in the upbuilding of Blue Ridge, Georgia, is Alfred Pinkney Johnson, organizer of the Johnson Bank an.d Loan Company, a private institution, and identified also for a number of years with other successful enterprises. Mr. Johnson is a man of versatility and has found opportunity in other fields than banking and at all times and on all occasions, has proved equal to every demand made upon him. lie is a native son of Georgia and is proud of the fact, and was born in Fannin County, January 13. 1874.
T. R. Johnson, father of Alfred P., was born also in Georgia, some seventy years ago, and is a well known resident of Fannin County, where he engaged in farming for many years. During the Civil war he enlisted for military service with the Federal troops as a private in Company H, Fifth Tennessee and at the close of hostilities was honorably discharged. He was married in Fannin County to M. A. Marshall, who was born in North Carolina and was brought to Georgia by her- parents when six years old and still lives here. Mr. and Mrs. Johnson had five children, the third in order of birth being named Alfred Pinkney.
Alfred Pinkney Johnson had comparatively few educational advantages, these being limited to three months 7 attendance in the country school in the winter, his services being required on the home farm in the summer and this continued until his school period was over. For three years afterward he remained on the farm, by this time very thoroughly understanding the prob lems of seed time and harvest and was accounted a judicious and sensible agriculturist. He became interested to some degree in politics and on the republican ticket, about this time, was elected to the office of county receiver and subsequently re-elected. When he retired from this office he became

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2217

interested in journalism, accepting the position of editor of the Blue Ridge Post and assumed its management and conducted it for two years on a paying basis. After finally selling his interest in the Post, he bought the Blue Ridge Summit, in which he is still interested, but later turned his attention to merchandising, for several years carrying on a large mercantile business. Following his mercantile experience he went into the banking business, purchasing the assets of the Peoples State Bank and establishing himself as a private banker under the style of the Johnson Bank and Loan Company. Known as a stable and conservative man, Mr. Johnson's clientage is large and his methods of carrying on business are so just and generous that he not only enjoys the confidence of his fellow citizens but their respect and esteem. His is an example of courage and perseverance, of industry well applied, of good judgment exercised and of the almost certain reward that comes to those who build their fortunes on the rock of integrity.
In December, 1913, Mr. Johnson was united in marriage with Miss Mary Flake, a native of North Carolina and a daughter of S. T. and M. D. Flake, old residents of An son County, North Carolina, where Mr. Flake is a well known farmer. Mr. and Mrs. Johnson had one child but it did not survive infancy. They are members of the Baptist Church. Their hospitable home, where courtesy and friendly interest prevail, even for the stranger within the gates is one of the pleasantest in this city. Mr. Johnson is identified fraternally with the Odd Fellows and the Knights of Pythias.

HON. JAMES L. WEAVES. Among the old families of Gilmer County, Georgia, long prominently identified with the leading interests of this section, is that of Weaver, of which a worthy representative is found in James L. Weaver, the popular and efficient county clerk.
James L. 'Weaver was born in Gilmer County, Georgia, February 27, 1869. His parents are Henry and Eliza (Akin) Weaver, the.former of whom was bom in 1845 and the latter in 1847, both in Gilmer County. During the Civil war period Henry Weaver was a soldier in the Union army and as a member of the Tenth Tennessee Infantry, served under General Grant during the entire southern campaign of that branch of the Federal troops. After the termination of the war he embarked in merchandising and subsequently became interested in agricultural pursuits. Of his family of twelve children, four died in infancy and of the six survivors at the present time, James L. is
one of the older. James L. Weaver attended the Ellijay Seminary after taking a high
school course, following which he taught school in Gilmer County for ten years, proving well qualified intellectually and temperamentally for educa
tional work. Tiring then of the school room, Mr. Weaver entered into the mercantile business at Ellijay and also became interested in farming and for some years successfully and profitably conducted a farm in Gilmer
County. It is not unusual to find that a man who makes a success of his private
enterprises succeeds also in public affairs because foresight, industry and caution were elements in the former case and, with added sense of responsi bility, naturally follow in the latter. Reared to believe in the principles of the republican party, Mr. Weaver has given it liberal and loyal support ever since reaching manhood and on numerous occasions has been chosen as his party's candidate for important offices. In 1906 he was first elected to the Georgia Senate and his statesmanlike performance of public duties gained him re-election in 1907 and 1908. In 1914 Mr. Weaver was elected county clerk of Gilmer County, an office of large importance and one in which his efficiency is marked. In every campaign in which he has engaged his popu larity has been shown and when elected to the Senate it was by a majority of 1,200 votes, the largest ever recorded in this district.

2218

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

On March 31, 1894, Mr. Weaver was united in marriage with Miss Mary Finn Cannon, whose father, W. M. Finn Cannon, is one of the leading men and substantial farmers of the county. Mr. and Mrs. Weaver have three children: Reba, who was born in February, 1895, is a student in Cox College in College Park; Ruel Gudger, who was born in 1900, is a student in the Ellijay High School; and James L., who was born in 1911. Mr. Weaver and family are members of the Baptist Church at Ellijay, in which he is a deacon. He has long been identified with the fraternal order of Odd Fellows and is past grand of the local lodge. It will thus be seen that his personal stand ing is as high as his public station.

HON. THOMAS EDWIN PATTERSON. Few members of the Spalding County bar have advanced more steadily to eminence than has Hon. Thomas Edwin Patterson, pioneer commissioner of Georgia, and a man whose devotion to the cause of civic betterment is, aside from his success as a lawyer, the most interesting feature of his career to the general public regard. A native son of Spalding County, he was born on his father's plantation, October 8, 1868, and is a son of H. T. and Anna (Martin) Patterson. He belongs to an old and honored family of Georgia, whence his grandfather came from North Carolina, not long after the year 1800, and his parents were both born and passed their lives here, his father being a prosperous and prominent planter.
After attending Sunnyside District School, in Spalding County, Judge Patterson entered Harperville College, Mississippi, where he spent two years and one year at Bowden College, Georgia, and like many others who have succeeded in the law spent a period in the school room. After three years as a teacher in the country districts, he took up the study of his chosen calling, and was admitted to the bar in 1892 and at once engaged in practice at Griffin, where he has continued to the present time with a constantly increasing clientele. His knowledge of the law, both broad and accurate soon brought him to the forefront, and he has been called upon to fill offices of importance and responsibility. He has been both solicitor and judge of the City Court of Griffin at various times, and in July, 1911, was appointed a member of the Georgia State Prison Commission, with which he is still identified. His professional connections include membership in the Spald ing County Bar Association and the Georgia State Bar Association. Judge Patterson is well known in fraternal circles, being a member of the Blue Lodge, Chapter, Council, Commandery and Shrine in Masonry, in which he is past master, past high priest and past eminent commander; and of the Improved Order of Red Men, in which he is past great sachem of Georgia. For a number of years he has taken an active and helpful interest in the work of the -Sunday school as teacher of a Baroca Class, as well as in other religious movements, and is ex-president of the Georgia State Mission Society of the Christian Church. As jurist, lawyer and citizen he has performed successfully and conscientiously the duties devolving upon him, and is gen erally accounted a credit to his profession and to the county in which he
was born and has spent his life. On June 20, 1894, Judge Patterson was united in marriage with Miss
Mary Brewster, of Newnan, Georgia, and a member of an old and honored family of this state. She has been active in the religious and charitable work of the Methodist Church and has been state president of the Georgia Women's Christian Temperance Union for many years. She is prominently
known in social circles of Griffin.
WILLIAM C. ALLRED. Among the popular public officials of Pickens County, no one stands higher than William C. Allred, who, for the past five years has been serving as clerk of the court. He is a young man of much enterprise, well educated and prior to accepting his present office, had some
practical agricultural experience.

Ii

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2219

William C. Allred was born in Piekens County, Georgia, July 13, 1882, and is a son of Elias J. and Laura J. (Taylor) Allred. Both parents passed their lives in Piekens County, where the father died November 2, 1906, at the age of forty-nine years, the mother passing away March 25, 1913, when aged fifty-five years. EHas J. Allred was a substantial and respected citizen and for a number of years served in public office, having been tax collector, census enumerator and United States revenue ganger.
The Allred family is an old one in this section of Georgia, The paternal grandfather, John M. Allred, came from South Carolina, located his home in this part of the state and built one of the first railroads in this county. Like many other old pioneers that came about the same time,' he lived into old age, his death occurring on March 25, 1914. He married Martha Davis whose death took place at Jasper, Georgia. The Taylors were Georgians and the maternal grandfather of William C. Allred, Cicero H. Taylor, came to Piekens from Habersham County. He died at Jasper in February, 1907, when aged seventy-eight years. He married Sarah Carrol, who survived him two years, dying aged seventy-nine years. They were all well known people with church and social connections, whose lives were useful and illus
trative of the homely virtues of a past generation. William C. Allred was the third born in his parents' family of nine chil
dren and he shared with his brothers and sisters in the advantages provided by careful parents and healthy environment. After completing the public school course he attended school at Piekens for the higher branches. Mr. Allred later turned his attention to farming and subsequently embarked in a mercantile business in which he continued for three years, proving a good business man. Although he still owns farm land he no longer gives it his personal attention to any great extent as since 1910 he has filled the office of clerk of the court of Piekens County, disposing of his store in order to accept this office. That he has been continued in the same is fair proof of his efficiency. In his political attitude he is a republican. It has been merit
that has advanced him politically and otherwise as he has made his own way in the world since reaching manhood.
On July 4, 1908, at Jasper, Georgia, Mr. Allred was united in marriage with Miss Rosie B. Pettitt, who is a daughter of John and Nancy Pettitt. The father of Mrs. Allred is a substantial farmer and highly respected resi dent of Pickens County. Mr. and Mrs. Allred have one daughter, Martha Lucille, who was born March 6, 1911, a beautiful and engaging child. The family attend the Baptist Church.

COL. W. T. DAY. Among the interesting men of Piekens County, Georgia, whose life covered a notable epoch in state and national history, and wHose personal achievements in professional as well as in public life made his name widely known, was Col. W. T. Day, an honored retired resident of Jasper, whose death occurred June 10, 1916. Colonel Day was born in Walton County, Georgia, September 28, 1828, and was a son of Louis and Alphia (Dixon) Day.
Louis Day was born in South Carolina and was twenty years of age when he came to'Georgia, where he lived until his death in 1871, at the age -of seventy-one years. He engaged in agricultural pursuits in Walton County and became well known, moving later to Cherokee County, where he reared his family of ten children, W. T. being the eldest born. The mother of W. T. Day died in 1885, being aged seventy-seven years.
W. T. Day attended school after his parents moved to Cherokee County and for several years he gave his father assistance on the farm, in the mean while spending all his_ spare time in the study of law, practically securing his law education through self effort. In 1854 he was admitted to the bar and entered into practice at Jasper, where he continued afterward to reside,

2220

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

excepting only the time when he was a soldier during the war between the states.
In 1861 Mr. Day enlisted in the Confederate army in the, coast defense troop, in Walker's brigade, under Gen. Joseph E. Brown and commanded by Col. E. W. Chastain, remaining in this connection for six months and then became lieutenant of Company A, First Georgia State troops, com manded by Col. Edward Gault, of Dalton, Georgia. He continued in the state's service during Sherman's march through Georgia and was in the midst of the fighting that took place between Marietta and Dalton, neverthe less he escaped all injury until he was wounded in a skirmish in June, 1861 When hostilities ceased he returned to Jasper, where he was already accounted a leading citizen and resumed his law business and subsequently built up an extensive practice and still takes, an inteerst in and is a member of the Pickens County and the Georgia State Bar associations.
A republican in his political affiliations, Colonel Day was a loyal party man and performed yeoman service. In 1861 he was a member of the con vention that decided upon the secession of Georgia, and in 1871 he was a delegate to the state convention. In 1881 he was elected a member of the lower house of the State Legislature and in 1884-5 was state senator and was elected senator again in 1909-10. His public services were helpful and timely and were rendered with the greatest fidelity and ability.
Colonel Day was united in- marriage in 1866, to Miss Theresa Craig, who died at Jasper, Georgia, in February, 1894. She was a daughter of Andrew and Mary Craig. of Harris County, Georgia. The six children born to this marriage were: Margaret, who is deceased; Mrs. Fanny Hamrick, wife of a well known merchant of Pickens County; Mrs, Addie Russell, who is a resident of Athens; W. T., Jr., who is connected with the revenue service; Charles, who is in business at Atlanta; and Craig, who is in the marble business at Birmingham, Alabama. Colonel Day, with his family, was a member of the Baptist Church.
Colonel Day was a witness of great events and took part in them. Peace and war were to him known estates. He saw many new ideas possess the minds of men and new schools of thought arise, both in public and private life, and the car of progress seemed far on its way. Yet, in contemplative mood he knew that there are some things pertaining to the old life that will never be changed. True friendship will stand; unselfish devotion will con tinue; worthy sacrifices will be made to principle, and there will continue to be men like himself, men who will unselfishly devote time, learning and professional ability to helping the helpless and to lightening public burdens.

SAM W. WILKES. There are manifold points of special interest in the personal and ancestral history of < Colonel Wilkes, who is a scion of an old and honored family of the South, whose brilliant and gallant father sacrificed his life in defense of the Confederacy in the initiative period of the Civil war, who has himself, been a resident of Georgia since his boyhood days and who has long been a prominent figure as a railroad executive, as a publicspirited citizen and as a man of affairs. The major part of his life thus far has been passed in the City of Atlanta, where he now is the popular and efficient encumbent of the office, of division freight agent of the Georgia Rail road, in the service of which he has been retained for virtually a third of
a century. Col. Sam Wilkes was born at Anderson, South Carolina, on the 31st of
August, 1854, his native place being the judicial center of the county of the same name. His father, Capt. Samuel Marion Wilkes, was born at Abbeville, South Carolina, and was a son of Thomas S. Wilkes, who was a native of . Virginia and a representative of a family that was founded in the historic old dominion in the early Colonial Era. Thomas S. Wilkes removed from

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2221

Virginia to Abbeville District, South Carolina, where he became a pros perous planter and slave holder and where he passed the remainder of his life. Prior to the Civil war Capt. Samuel Wilkes had gained distinctive prestige as one of the representative members of the South Carolina bar and also as an active and influential member of the state militia. At the iaeeption of the war between the states of the North and the South he was com missioned adjutant of the Fourth South Carolina Regiment in the Con-, federate service, and as a gallant officer he continued in service only a shoilP time, for he met a tragic death-at the first battle of Manassas, on the 21st of July, 1861. The circumstances of his untimely death having- been described as follows: "After having- taken an active part in the thickest of the battle all day long, in the evening he rode on horseback alone to a spring nearby, for the purpose of obtaining a drink of water and filling his canteen. Having accomplished his purpose, he remounted his horse to return to his comrades, but upon setting forth he found himself confronted with a band of bush whacker Yankees, -who at once demanded his surrender. Instead of acced ing to their demands, he drew his pistol and by rapid firing he killed two of the men and wounded three others before his own body was riddled with bullets. Thus died a brave and true patriot." It is worthy of incidental note that many years after the close of the war the pocketbook of Captain' Wilkes was returned to his widow, the Union soldier who removed the article from the fallen officer, having finally sent it to Col. J. B. E. Sloan, Charleston, South Carolina, with a request that it should be given to the widow of Capt. Samuel M. Wilkes.
Captain Wilkes was in his thirty-ninth year at the time of his tragic death and his remains were brought back to South Carolina and laid to rest in the old Baptist churchyard at Anderson, where also rest the remains of the wife of his youth, her death having occurred in 1895. Col. Sam W. Wilkes of this review was the only child of this union and was about seven years old when his father died. Captain Wilkes wedded Miss Louise Caro line Webb, who was born at Anderson, South Carolina, on the fourth of December, 1828, and was sixty-seven years of age at the time she was sum moned to eternal rest, as noted above. For several years prior to the Civil war, Captain Wilkes had been engaged in the practice of law at Anderson, South Carolina, and to this day several of the established principles of law accepted by the courts of that state are based on arguments that were made in South Carolina tribunals by Captain Wilkes, who was honored alike for iis sterling' character and for his admirable achievements in his profession. Prior to the war he had served as captain in the state militia, and as a member of the South Carolina, Legislature. He was not only a man of rare mental endowments but also one of extraordinary physical bearings and power. He stood six feet in height, with fine military carriage, and with impressive and attractive facial lineaments. The marriage of Captain Wilkes to Miss Louise Caroline Webb was solemnized on the 16th of July, 1846, and the only child born of this union is he whose name introduces this article.
In 1865, after the close of the war, Mrs. Louise C. Wilkes contracted a second marriage. She became the wife of Ira Oliver MeDaniel, who. by a former marriage, was the father of Hon. Henry D. MeDaniel, who was gov ernor of Georgia from 1883 to 1886, and who now resides at Monroe, this state. Ira 0. MeDaniel was one of the pioneer merchants of Atlanta, and the first brick house business erected in this city was built by him several years prior to the Civil war.
Col. Sam W. Wilkes acquired his rudimentary education in his native state and was eleven years old at the time of his mother's second marriage and the establishment of her home in Atlanta. In this city the colonel attended a school taught by Professor Janes, in the basement of the old

2222

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

Second Baptist Church, which stood on the site of the present Second Baptist Church, near the state capitol, while the playgrounds of the pupils was on the tract now occupied by the splendid state capitol of Georgia, former Governor Joseph M. Brown having been one of the schoolmates of Colonel Wilkes. When the colonel was a lad of fifteen years he removed with his mother and stepfather to a farm near AUatoona, Bartow County, Georgia, where he remained a few years, in the meantime continuing his educational work. Before he had attained to his legal majority he was made station agent at Allatoona for the Western and Atlantic Railroad, his bond having been issued in the name of his stepfather owing to his personal minority. This proved the initiation of his long and active career in connection with railroad operations, and his association with this line of public-utility enterprise has continued without interruption during the intervening years. Colonel Wilkes continued his service as station agent at Allatoona for some time, and during this interval gave close attention to the study of law, though he has never applied for admission to the bar. At the age of twenty-one years, Colonel Wilkes was appointed justice of the peace in the Eight Hundred and Nine teenth Georgia Militia District, this appointment having been conferred upon him by Governor Alfred H. Colquitt. In the court of this youthful justice were tried cases by men who eventually became foremost members of the Georgia bar, among the number having been the late John W. Aiken, of Cartersville: Col. W. K. Fielder, of Cedartown; Judge E. L. Litchfield, of Acworth; Hon. J. J. Northcutt, of Acworth; a former member of the State Senate and others who have achieved prominence in the legal profession and in public affairs. During these years of residence at Allatoona Colonel Wilkes took a very active part in politics and he was a very active supporter of Hon. Judson C. Clements in the latter's race with Hon. William H. Felton for represen tative in Congress, in which Mr. Clements was elected. Mr. Clements is now chairman of the Inter-State Commerce Commission and has achieved inter national fame. A warm friendship sprung up between young Wilkes and Mr. Clements, and the same has continued inviolate to the present day.
Colonel Wilkes finally resigned his railroad agency at Allatoona and returned to Atlanta, in 1879. Here he accepted a position as clerk in the office of Joseph M. Brown, who was then car accountant for the Western & Atlantic Railroad. Two years later the colonel assumed the office of car accountant for the Georgia railroad, and with this corporation he has con tinued in service, in varied capacities during all the intervening period of a third of a century. A. period marked by distinctive and worthy achieve ment on his part, especially as an executive officer, with large responsi bilities devolving upon him. He served in turn as car accountant, soliciting freight agent, traveling freight agent, commercial agent, and finally as divi sion freight agent. While serving as commercial agent for the Georgia railroad for a number of years, he was also joint representative of the South Carolina and Georgia Railroad, also the Clyde Steamship Company plying between New York and Charleston. When the Interstate. Commerce Com mission was established and pooling agreements were made illegal, it became necessary for all lines to secure their tonnage by soliciting the shippers. The Clyde Line selected Colonel Wilkes to put their line actively before the ship ping public in his section and they established offices in all the principal cities of the Southeast.- To which section they continue to enjoy a liberal patronage. However, these properties having changed owners and the advent of new connections with the Georgia Railroad and the general increase of business, necessitated all lines having their independent agencies and representatives and Colonel Wilkes elected to remain with the "Old Reliable" Georgia Railroad, Atlanta having continued the home and official headquarters of Colonel Wilkes during all these years except four years in Augusta, Georgia, while car accountant for the Georgia railroad. Colonel

ill

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2223

Wilkes is affiliated with, the Masonic fraternity, the Independent Order of
Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias, the Improved Order of Red Men, the Concatenated Order of Hoo Hoos. He holds membership in the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce, the Capital City Club and the First Baptist Church.
Colonel Wilkes has served as a member of the military staff of three different governors of Georgia, namely: Hon. William Y. Atkinson, Hon. Joseph M.
Terrell, and Hon. Alien D. Candler, his rank in each, case having been that
of lieutenant colonel. He served eight years as member of the military advisory board of Georgia, and he now holds a life commission as lieutenant colonel in the Georgia National Guard, this merited distinction having been
granted him by Governor Terrell. He is one of the appreciative and valued
members of the South Carolina Society of Atlanta, has served as president of same and was its vice president in 1915. Colonel Wilkes was the organizer
of the Fulton Club of Atlanta, of which he served two years as president,
this organization being remembered as one of the most prominent ever founded in G^gia's capitol city and its membership roll having contained the names
of many distinguished citizens of the state. At the time of the International Exposition held in Atlanta, Colonel Wilkes served as its resident commis sioner for the State of South Carolina, a position to which he was appointed by the governor of his native commonwealth. The colonel has been essen tially and vitally progressive and public-spirited in his civic relations and he was for six years a member of the Atlanta Water Board, as a representative from the Seventh ward. During four years of this period he served as vice
president of the board. It may be said that Colonel Wilkes has a notably wide acquaintanceship
throughout Georgia and that his circle of friends is coincident with that of his acquaintances. He has been a warm personal friend of some of the most distinguished men of this republic, including Thomas E. Watson, James
Whitcomb Riley, Joel Chandler Harris, Henry W. Grady, Frank L. Stanton, Lucian Lamar Knight, Will N. Harbin, John Temple Graves, and others whose names are equally well known.
.On the 18th of April, 1887, was solemnized the marriage of Colonel Wilkes to Miss Georgia Brewster, of Atlanta, and the maximum loss and bereavement of his life came when this gracious and noble woman was summoned to the "Land of the Leal," her death having occurred on the 15th-of January, 1913. Mrs. Wilkes was a daughter .of Capt. Walter S. Brewster, a dis tinguished member of the famous Confederate command known as Cobb's Legion in the Civil war. While serving as a member of the staff of Gen. Thomas R. Cobb at the Battle of Fredericksburg, a shell fell between the two and its bursting caused the death of both of these gallant soldiers of Georgia. Mrs. Wilkes was a grand-daughter of Dr. Richard Banks of Gainesville, an' 'eminent oculist of his day and generation and of whose advanced study and achievements, the chronicles of his state give praise. Mrs, Wilkes was
graduated in the Wesleyan College at Macon, and was known as a woman of
culture, brilliant mind and most generous and gracious personality a true representative of the best of southern womanhood. She was affiliated with the Society of the Daughters 'of the American Revolution and was an active and honored member of the Atlanta History Class, a representative organization whose membership is limited to twenty persons. Zealous in church and charitable in benevolent and philanthropic work, Mrs. Wilkes passed through life trailing the beatitudes in her train, and her memory will ever be
cherished by those who came within the sphere of. her kind and gentle influ ence. She is survived by one child, Miss Marjorie Wilkes, who remains with her father, his inspiration and joy, inheriting much of the charm of her loved mother. She is a popular factor in the representative social activities
of her native city.
Colonel Wilkes is a passionate devotee of letters. He is not only familiar
Vol. IV--25

2224'

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

with the great masterpieces of English literature, but himself a writer of exquisite polish. Occasionally he pays court to the Muses, but his favorite diversion is delineating character. He is frequently in demand as a public speaker. No bitterness ever ranked in the heart of Colonel Wilkes. Gen erous to a fault, but punctilious in the code of ethics which he prescribes for himself proud of his southern traditions, yet broadly national in his outlook upon public affairs, tender and chivalrous to woman, loyal to friends, and kindly disposed towards all men, he is one, to know is to love, a typical
gentleman of the old school.

JUDGE WILLIAM T. GOULD, of Augusta, was born in Litchfield, Connecti cut, October 25, 1799. He entered Yale College in 1813, and graduated in the class of 1816. He then became a student in the Litchfield Law School and was admitted to the bar at Litchfield in 1820. In 1821 he moved to Clinton, Jones County, Georgia, but in 1823 located at Augusta, where the remainder of his life was spent. In 1833 he established a law school at which many young men,'afterwards distinguished in the profession, received their . legal education. In February, 1851, he was elected judge of the Court of Common Pleas of Augusta, afterward known as the City Court, which office he held, until 1877. He died July 18, 1882.
Aside from his professional and civic duties, Judge Gould was profoundly
interested in Masonry, and had in that order a most distinguished record,
in 1860 reaching the rank of grand commander of the state.

HEWLETT A. HALL, of Newnan, lawyer and democratic leader, was born in Meriwether County, Georgia, on February 21, 1862. His father, the Rev. James Hamilton Hall, was for forty years one of the most successful Bap tist ministers of Georgia. After passing through the Newnan schools he entered Mercer University and was graduated from that institution in 1883 with the degree of A. B.; then studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1885. He served four years in the General Assembly, from 1894 to 1898, and in 1900 was appointed by President McKinley an assistant director in the International Congress to be held in Paris, France. In that capacity he spent three months. In 1908 he was elected chairman of the Democratic State Convention, and thus became, ex-officio, chairman of the democratic state executive committee, which he held until 1910. In 1904 he was appointed to fill out the unexpired term of the solicitor-general of the Coweta
Circuit, and in 1910 became attorney-general of the state, also by appoint ment, to complete the unexpired term of Judge Hart.

WILLIAM J. MATHEWS, M. D. For a period of more than twenty years Doctor Mathews has had a position among the most reliable physicians and surgeons of Elbert County. His life has been one of earnest purpose and effective endeavor, and he entered the medical profession after a thorough preparation and an education which was gained largely as the result of his diligent application and individual earnings.
The birthplace of Doctor Mathews was Concord, Pike County, where he was born January 9, 1868. His parents were Dr. J. B. and Elizabeth (Brooks) Mathews. The Mathews family came into Georgia from Virginia, and was founded by Ewell Mathews, a prominent Baptist minister of the early days, who located at Lexington in Oglethorpe County. The maternal ancestry was South Carolina people, the maternal grandfather having been William Brooks, a planter and slave holder of the early days. Dr. J. B. Mathews was born at Lexington, Georgia, and his wife in Pike County. They were reared and educated and married in Pike County. During the early part of his career the father was a practicing physician, but gave up that vocation to take up educational work, and taught in the schools of Pike

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2225

County, filling the positions of principal at Concord and Molena. He finally gave up that profession on account of ill health. He represented Pike County in the State Legislature during the '70s, and subsequently for a number of years was clerk of Pike County. He died in 1906 at the age of sixty-five. During the war between the states he had enlisted early in the war, and rose from captain of Company A in the Thirteenth Georgia Regi ment, Gordon's Brigade, to adjutant under Colonel Evans. He was in service from the beginning until the close of hostilities, and was wounded five different times. Each time after recovery he went to the front and resumed his duties as an officer. He was present at many noted engagements, among them Seven Pines and Gettysburg. His wife died at the age of fifty years in 1901 and is buried at Zebulon in Pike County.
The oldest among six living children, Dr. William J. Mathews spent his boyhood and early youth in Pike County, where he attended high school, and then earned a large part of the money need/d for his medical education. In February, 1891, Doctor Mathews was graduated M. D. from the Atlanta Medical College and soon afterwards opened his office at Elberton, where he has been continuously in practice for twenty-four years; He is a former president of the Elbert County Medical Society and of the Eighth District Medical Society, positions which indicate his high standing among his col leagues, and is also a member of the Georgia State Medical Society and the American Medical Association. Much of his public service has been in the line of his profession, including work as city physician and county physi cian, and in 1914 elected a member of the Georgia State Legislature on the democratic ticket for the 1915 and 16 session. He is chairman of the State Tuberculosis Sanatorium at Alto, vice chairman of hygiene and sanitation, connected also with the State Sanitarium for Insane, and is interested in all measures looking to conservation and 'health. Doctor Mathews is a former secretary of his Masonic lodge and of his lodge in the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and also has affiliation with the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, the Knights of Pythias and the Woodmen of the World.
On September 20, 1892, at Griffin, Georgia, Doctor Mathews married Miss Cora Scott, daughter of R. M. and Martha Scott, a well known family of the state. Mrs. Scott was a niece of Doctor Westmoreland of Atlanta. Doctor and Mrs. Mathews have had born to their union in their home at Elberton three children: Thelma, born in 1898, and now a student in the Georgia Normal Industrial College; Hulda, born in 1902, and a student in the high school; and William J., Jr., born in 1907, and attending the grade
schools.

REV. DR. JOHN FREDERICK PURSER. Among the Atlanta clergy Rev. Dr. John Frederick Purser has a prominent place as the pastor of the West End Baptist Church. Doctor Purser has spent twenty-nine active years in the ministry, and he came to Atlanta in June, 1902. His work here has been of
a high order, and the West End Church has felt itself fortunate in having been able to secure and retain in its service a man of his talent and character.
Doctor Purser is of southern birth and ancestry. He was born in Hazelhurst, Mississippi, on July 1, 1855, and his father was Frederick Purser, a Mississippi planter, born in North Carolina. His mother was Bonita Higdon, a daughter of South Carolina. The father died in 1871 and the mother in 1901. They were the parents of a goodly family of ten children, five boys and five girls. Of them all, only three are living today. They are Miss Mollie Purser, of McComb City, Louisiana, Rev. Robert Harrison Purser, pastor of a Baptist Church at Macon, Mississippi, and Rev. Dr. John F. Purser of this review. One of the deceased sons was also a Baptist minister, Rev. Dr. David Ingram Purser, who was one of th& most distinguished divines of the Baptist denomination in the South. He died at New Orleans about

2226

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

fifteen years ago. Three of the brothers served in the Confederate army. Harrisoii Purser was killed in action, and the others were David Ingram and Robert Harrisoii Purser. The youngest brother of the five was Joseph Cleve land Purser, a distinguished lawyer, late of Hazellmrst, Mississippi.
Dr. John Frederick Purser was reared on the family plantation near Hazellmrst, Mississippi, and he had his preparatory training in the public school of Hazellmrst. In 1881 he was graduated from Mississippi College at Clinton, Mississippi, after which he entered the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary at Louisville, Kentucky. He was graduated from that institution in 1886, when his active work in the ministry began.
Doctor Purser first served as pastor of the First Baptist Church of Bir mingham, Alabama. He served there for six months, and was followed in the pastorate by his elder brother, Rev. Dr. David Ingrain Purser, now deceased. His next charge was the Baptist Church at Troy, Alabama, where lie continued for seven years, and he then served the First Baptist Church of New Orleans for 6y2 years. The next four years were passed as pastor of the First Baptist Church at Opelika, Alabama, and since that time, in June, 1902, he has been in charge of the West End Baptist Church of Atlanta.
His service here has been a varied one, and has embraced every line of activity in which the church is interested. In 1909 he was elected president of the Home Mission Board of the Southern Baptist Convention, succeeding in that office Rev. W. W. Sandrum, upon the removal of the latter to Louis ville, Kentucky. Doctor Purser has been re-elected to this high office every year from that date down to the present time, and is now serving his seventh consecutive year. This board handles about $400,000 annually and its juris diction includes the southern states as far west as New Mexico, that state included, also Cuba and Panama.
Doctor Purser is a member of the noted Ten Club of Atlanta, an organiza tion made up of a number of the leading literary men of the city. He is a golfer of much enthusiasm and finds such outdoor recreation as he requires in the pursuit of that sport. He is a member of the Ansley Park Golf Club and of the Knights of Pythias.
On July 5, 1888, Doctor Purser was married to Mrs. Julia M. Peterson, nee Connella, who was born and reared in Marion, Alabama. At the time of her marriage she was principal of the Girls' High School at Montgomery. Alabama. Mrs. Purser is a brilliant woman and an able writer, and has ably seconded her husband in his work. They have two living daughters, Julia Bonita Purser, and Allie Carol Purser, both of them college graduates with A. B. degrees, and both of them now at home with their parents.

ROBERT MARK HITCH. Few members of the Savannah bar during the last twenty years have had so wide a variety of distinction as Robert M. Hitch, who has matched his splendid endowment of native intellect with an acquired knowledge and an industry that have placed him on terms of equality with the ablest members of the Georgia bar. His activities and interests are not confined entirely to his profession. He is an orator and an original thinker, has played his part with credit in public affairs, has been very active in state military organizations, and is well known to the social and club life of his home
city and the state, at large. The fourth son and sixth child of Dr. Robert Marcus and Martha Serena
(Fall) Hitch, he was born February 14, 1872, at Morven, Brooks County, Georgia. At that time Morven was a hamlet containing only a postoffice, store and a few other small establishments, and also the country residence of Doctor Hitch. It was one of the fine old fashioned country communities in that section of Georgia and maintained unusually high standards in morality, education and religion. It was then the meeting point of several important country highways, and has since become the junction of two railway lines.

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2227

In that community Doctor Hitch was prominent as a physician, merchant, farmer and business man, and active in church and all other matters of public
interest.
To be well born is one of the greatest blessings that can come to a child and that was the case in the birth of Robert M. Hitch. His parents were both of that strong, sturdy stock physically, mentally and morally which make for the best of manhood in any people and upon which families and nations are built for endurance. Hence it is worth while to indicate some of the facts
concerning Mr. Hitch's ancestry.
His father, Dr. Robert M. Hitch, was born in Laurens County, South Carolina, on June 6, 1832, graduated at the Augusta Medical College, was married to Martha Serena Fall, daughter of Dr. Calvin J. Fall, in Fayette County, Georgia, April 27, 1859, at which time he was a practicing physician of that section. At the outbreak of the Civil war he was active in the organ ization of a military company in Henry, Fayette and adjoining counties, which afterwards became Company B of the Thirtieth Georgia Regiment. A history of that command has been recently written and published by one of its members, Mr. A. P. Adamson. Doctor Hitch served as captain of that company during a large part of the war and participated in numerous battles, including the battle of Chickamauga and the battles around Atlanta. His services as a surgeon were necessarily required very frequently following engagements in which his com^aiid took part and during the latter part of the war he was detailed as regimental surgeon for a considerable part of the time and at the close of the war was mustered out with the rank of major. In com memoration of his services as a Confederate soldier, his son and namesake, the subject of this sketch, was awarded a Confederate Cross of Honor by the Savannah Daughters of the Confederacy on April 26, 1912. He died at his home at Morven, Georgia, on April 15, 1888, as the result of constitutional infirmities growing out of exposures to which he was subjected during the war.
The parents of Doctor Hitch were William Winder Hitch and his wife Nancy (Hunter) Hitch, both of Laurens County, South Carolina. William Winder Hitch was the son and oldest child of John Hitch, who was born February 4, 1773, in Somerset County, Maryland, lived there until he was of age, then moved to Laurens County, South Carolina, where he married Katharine Hanna, who became the mother of William Winder Hitch and a number of other children. John Hitch was county treasurer of Laurens County, South Carolina, for twenty years and over, and was well known in that section. He was a son of Louther Hitch, of Somerset County, Maryland, who moved to Laurens County, South Carolina, in his latter years and died there at the age of eighty-three. The Revolutionary annals of Maryland disclose the names of nine members of the Hitch family on the muster rolls of that commonwealth, including Louther Hitch and Capt. Robert Hitch. Sev eral members of the Hanna family in South Carolina were likewise enrolled in the Revolutionary commands of that state. The Christian name of Robert has been handed down through many generations of the Hitch family and recurs with great regularity in the family records in England, particularly in the public records of Yorkshire, Gloucestershire, Berkshire, Worcestershire, Oxfordshire and Bedfordshire, where various branches of the family have resided for several centuries.
On the maternal side the grandparents of Robert M. Hitch were Dr. Calvin Jones Fall, born in Jasper County, Georgia, March 18, 1815, died at Senoia, Georgia, April 10, 1879, and his wife Sarah Battle (Stroud) Fall, born in Clarke County, Georgia, September 21,1818, died at Senoia, Georgia, January 10, 1891. Doctor Fall and his wife were married in Clarke County, Georgia, November 21,1839, by Dr. Alonzo Church, at that time president of the State University. Dr. Calvin J. Fall was a son of Dr. John Strader Fall, born in Guilford County, North Carolina, July 22, 1877, and his wife Martha

2228

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

(Barnett) Fall, born in Mecklenburg, North Carolina, July 19, 1780. Their marriage took place on October 27, 1812. Dr. John Strader Fall lived for a great many years at Decatur, Georgia, died May 3, 1863, and is buried at Fayetteville, Georgia. Martha Barnett Fall died February 19, 1851, and is buried at Decatur, Georgia. Apparently the Fall family were of Scottish origin, Dunbar, Scotland, according to the best information, being the central point of the family in the old country. The Stroud line appears to be purely English, the family records indicating that the earliest settlers in America of that name came to this country shortly after the great civil conflict which grew out of the struggle between Charles I and the Parliament, and were either descended from or closely related to William Stroud, of the English House of Commons, who with Hampden, Pym, Holies, and Heselrig consti tuted the celebrated "Five Members" who led the anti-royalist forces in resisting the encroachments of the Crown. Sarah Battle Stroud, who became the wife of Dr. Calvin J. Fall, was a daughter of William Stroud, who was born in North Carolina and reared in Hancock County, Georgia, and of his wife Serena Ragan Battle, who was a daughter of William Sunnier Battle, of Han cock County, Georgia, but who was originally from North Carolina. William Stroud was a son of Mark Stroud and Martha (Strother) Stroud, of Orange County, North Carolina, and Mark Stroud was a son of John Stroud and Sarah (Cormelly) Stroud. The Strouds, Strothers and Battles came to North Carolina from Virginia and were all of Revolutionary stock. William Sumner Battle was a member of the noted family of that name, which appears to have been originally of Norman-French origin and which in both England and America claims among its numbers a numerous and distinguished array of scholars, ministers, lawyers and statesmen. At the present time the family is most numerous in Virginia, North Carolina and Georgia, but various branches of it have achieved distinction in .numerous other states North as well as South. Eight generations of that family are buried in Hancock County, Georgia.
As a boy Robert Mark Hitch attended the Morven Academy and he was also fortunate in coming under the instruction of Professor Howe, a graduate
of Brown University and a pure and noble type of Christian gentleman. Being a man of genial, gentle and kindly manners, superior mental endow
ments, wide reading and profound scholarship, the impression which he made
upon his pupils was of a most lasting and elevating nature. Entering the
freshman class at Mercer University in January, 1889, Mr. Hitch on account
of illness had to leave college in 1890, and this somewhat detracted from an otherwise brilliant record in his college career. In his junior and senior years
he improved his record by making the highest average standing in his class,
and in his junior year won the medal for oratory and was one of the champion debaters of the Phi Delta Literary Society at commencement. He was elected
anniversary speaker for his society in his senior year. He was graduated A. B. with the class of 1892, and then studied law under private instructors
at Quitman, Georgia, and was admitted to practice in the Superior Court by Judge A. H. Hansell at Thomasville, November 3, 1892. On December 15,
1897, he was admitted to the Supreme Court of Georgia; to the United States
Circuit and District courts on February 11, 1895; to the United States Cir
cuit Court of Appeals on August 8, 1901; and to the Supreme Court of the
United States January 31,1908. After practicing at Quitman for a few months, Mr. Hitch moved to
Savannah in June, 1893. For the first two years he was in the offices of
Garrard, Meldrim & Newman. There could have been no better training
ground for a young man of solid ability and high ideals, since the firm occu pied a distinguished place in the Georgia bar, and had an exceedingly varied
and important practice. Through his associations with this firm and by hard
work Mr. Hitch rapidly qualified for an independent position in the profes-

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2229

sion and in the fall of 1896 he opened offices of his own. In January, 1898, he formed a copartnership with the late A. L. Alexander, under the name of Alexander & Hitch, which continued until March, 1904. Mr. Hitch then formed a copartnership with Mr. Remer L. Denmark, under the name of
Hitch & Denmark. Mr. Hitch has always looked after a somewhat miscellaneous clientage,
though his abilities have brought him more and more into the practice of com mercial and corporation law. He is general counsel and a director of a number of railroad and banking institutions and other corporations, and has won a success such as a much older man might well envy. He is. a member of the Georgia Bar Association and the American Bar Association.
He first became identified with military affairs in June, 1892, when he enlisted as a private in the Quitman Grays. After coming to Savannah he enlisted in January, 1894, in Company A of the Savannah Volunteer Guards, being promoted corporal on November 7, 1894, and afterwards to sergeant. He promptly volunteered at the beginning of the Spanish-American war and was largely instrumental in persuading most of his comrades to enlist as a body. The Savannah Volunteer Guards became merged with the Second Georgia Regiment and Mr. Hitch was first a private and later a sergeant in Company M. The regiment never left the United States for active field service and after several months in the army camp he was honorably dis charged. December 28, 1898, he was elected second lieutenant of Company A, Savannah Volunteer Guards, serving until June 8, 1900, and for-several months of that period was recorder of the military examining board. From April 24, 1903, to October 24, 1904, he was captain of the Oglethorpe Light
Infantry.
For. a number of years he has been an active and loyal worker in behalf of the democratic party, and was presidential elector in 1908: His principal public service, outside of that rendered as a lawyer and by his varied civic associations, has been as a member of the State Legislature, and he repre sented Chatham County in 1900-01. While he has always been known for an exceptional power and ability as a jury advocate, he is also well known for his addresses at many social and civic occasions and his speeches hardly need to be graces of oratory to make them instructive and entertaining. On June 1,1909, he delivered the alumni address at Mercer University on the subject, "The Power of Thought." His address on "Georgia Secession Convention of 1861 and its Causes'' was1 delivered before the Francis S. Bartow Camp of the United 'Sons of Confederate Veterans in Savannah January 21, 1903. He .also delivered one of the principal addresses at Midway, Liberty Comity, April 29,1904, upon the occasion of marking of certain graves of Confederate soldiers by Liberty Chapter, Daughters of the Confederacy. Mr. Hitch is past chancellor commander and a charter member of Chivalry Lodge, Knights of Pythias, a member of Live Oak Lodge, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, is past master of Ancient Landmark Lodge, Ancient Free and Accepted Masons, and is also affiliated with the Royal Arch Chapter, the Knight . Templar Commandery, and with the thirty-second degree Scottish Rite and the Mystic Shrine.
One of the beautiful homes in Savannah is at the corner of Estill and Atlantic avenues, where Mr. Hitch and family reside. At Cedar Spring, Spartanburg County, South Carolina, November 20, 1900, he married Miss Virginia Eppes Walker, youngest child and only daughter of Dr. Newton F. Walker, XL. D., and Virginia (Eppes) Walker. Mrs. Hitch on both sides is related to some of the leading families of South CarolinaJf>nd of Virginia. Mr. and Mrs. Hitch have two children: Virginia Eppes and Robert M., Jr.

JOHN JOSEPH BOUHAN. The firm of Bouhan & Herzog of Savannah has gained some enviable distinctions in the local bar. They not only enjoy a

2230

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

splendid practice, but when the firm, was formed it was said to be the young

est law firm, in point of age of the partners, ever established in that city. It

is noteworthy that John Joseph Bouhan, the senior member, was the youngest

man ever admitted to the bar at Savannah. He is a thorough lawyer, an

excellent business man, and in the few years since he arrived at his majority

his name has been associated in a dignified and successful manner with much

that is vital in the city's progress.

Born in Savannah August 25, 1886, John Joseph Bouhan is a son of

"William and Mary (Eagan) Bouhan. His father, who was born at Cork,

Ireland, in 1843, grew up and learned the trade of carpenter in the old

country. He immigrated to America and arrived in New York City while

the Civil war was in progress. That was in 1861. The following year he

enlisted in the engineering corps of the Union army and was in service prac

tically until the close of hostilities. After the war he followed his vocation

or trade in New York City for several years, and established a promising

business as a contractor. About 1868 he came South to Savannah, per

formed one or two contracts in that city, and-after going west and residing

in St. Louis as a contractor for about three years, returned to Savannah and

thenceforward his work was in that city. On his return to Savannah he

married Miss Mary Eagan. By a previous marriage he had a daughter,

Mary, now the wife of John Reed, Of Savannah. William Bouhan made for

himself a very useful position in the upbuilding of Savannah, He conducted

a larsoe business as a builder and contractor,/ and in his time erected some of the most important buildings in the city. He was also identified with

mercantile lines, and was in that business at the time of his death, which

occurred April 10, 1908, at the age of sixty-five. He took an active interest

in democratic politics, was a member of the Catholic Church, of the Ancient

Order of Hibernians, and in every relation met the test of high character.

His widow is still living in Savannah. Of her children one died in infancy

and William P. Bouhan is a Savannah merchant.

Early in his career John J. Bouhan showed a disposition and talent for

those activities which have already distinguished him in the law and in

business. He attended the grammar and high schools of Savannah and in

1905 graduated from the Benedictine College at Belmont, North Carolina.

He studied law in the offices of Daniel J. Charlton and W. W. Osborne at

Savannah, with Mr. Charlton as his special preceptor. On July 16, 1906,

when not yet twenty years of age, he was admitted to, the bar by Judge

George D. Cann. So far no man of his years has succeeded* in gaining

admittance to the Savannah bar. For about a year after his admission he

was assistant solicitor, but during 1908 he resided in the City of Washing

ton, where he pursued courses both in the Georgetown 'University and George

Washington University, one of them being a day school and the other a night

school. In 1909 he took up the active practice of law for himself at Savan

nah, but on May 1, 1910, formed his present partnership with Alva L.

Herzog. These partners have shown exceptional ability and versatility in

the handling of a large and successful practice, covering nearly all branches

of the law.

Mr. Bouhan is a member of the County and State Bar associations, is

past grand knight of the Knights of Columbus, is a member of the Ancient

Order of Hibernians, was local vice president of the Fraternal Order of

Eagles, a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, is a

member of the German Club, the Savannah Board of Trade, and belongs to

the Lawyers' Association. He is a democrat in politics and has made many

speeches in Savannah in behalf of party candidates. His church is the

Catholic. Outside of his profession Mr. Bouhan takes his favorite recreation

in hunting and trap shooting.

,

His most important achievement in public affairs was as organizer of the

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2231

Hawthorne Improvement Company, of which he is president and the largest owner. This company was organized in 1912 with a capital of $25,000. A tract of fine city property containing 127 lots was purchased. These grounds have been improved so as to make them a high-priced residential district. Before building improvements were allowed to be made the streets were laid out and paved, sewers were laid, and everything of municipal con venience was installed so that a home built there would mean direct access to all the city's facilities. Since the addition was laid out many of the pleasant homes of Savannah have been constructed there.

COL. ROBERT J. TRAVIS. One of the eading law firms of Savannah is that of Travis & Travis, composed of Robert J. Travis and his brother, John Livingston Travis. These brothers have been associated in practice since 1905. John L. Travis is a graduate of Emory College with his bachelor's degree, and began the study of law in Atlanta, where he practiced as a member of the firm of Candler & Travis until coming to Savannah in 1905 to join his brother.
Robert J. Travis graduated LL. B. from the University of Georgia in 1899, and at once began the practice of his profession in Savannah, forming a part nership with Charles G. Edwards under the firm, name of Travis & Edwards. He is now city attorney of Savannah. The firm of Travis & Travis practice as general attorneys, and for the past eleven years have handled much of the important litigation in the courts at Savannah, and both brothers are members in high standing of the Savannah Bar Association.
Robert Jesse Travis was born January 13, 1877, at Conyers, Georgia, son of Dr. A. C. W. and Allie (Livingston) Travis. He comes of a distinguished family line, and on one side or the other is connected with many of the noted families in Colonial and Revolutionary history, including the Livingston, Bass, McLaughlin, Nicholson and Lewis families. One ancestor was Amos Travis, an early settler in Virginia. His great-grandfather, Richmond Terrell, served in Colonel Lynch 's command in the southern campaign of the Revolution, being especially distinguished in the battles of King's Mountain and Guilford Courthouse. Another ancestor was John Nicholson, who served in the Revolution from Mecklenburg, North Carolina. Ebenezer Smith, who served in the Revolution from Georgia, was another family connection. He is also related to the famous Lewis family, including John Lewis, who settled in Hanover County, Virginia, and whose son, David Lewis, born in 1685, was a prominent figure in Albemarle County, Virginia. A nephew of John Lewis was the historic character Capt. Merriwether Lewis, who was a member of the Lewis and Clark expedition sent out by President Jefferson to explore the newly acquired Louisiana Territory and who afterwards was appointed governor of that territory. The Travis family also included in one of its branches the gallant Col. Barrett Travis, who was the hero of the Alamo massacre at San Antonio, Texas, in the Texas Revolution of 1836.
Col. R. J. Travis' grandfather was Rev. Jesse Travis, a prominent Baptist minister and an associate of Rev. Jesse Mercer, the founder of Mercer Uni versity at Macon, Georgia. Dr. A. C. W. Travis, who died in 1890, served as. a surgeon in the Confederate army and afterwards became a well known physician in Central Georgia. Doctor Travis married Allie Livingston, who survived her husband and has long been conceded a place among Georgia's literary women. She 'was born in Covington, Newton County, Georgia, June 17, 1845, daughter of Robert Bass and Elizabeth (McLaughlin) Livingston. Robert B. Livingston was a grandson of William Livingston, a man of note in Colonial days, and a direct descendant of Robert Livingston, who in 1686 obtained a patent for the manor of Livingston, Columbia County, New York. An account of the life of this Robert Livingston is found in Lossing's " Lives of the Signers of the Declaration of Independence. "

2232

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

Col. R. J. Travis has always been much interested in his ancestors, and in his own career has endeavored to live up to the high standard set by his forebears. For a number of years he has been vice president of the Georgia Society of the Sons of the Revolution. He conducted the investigation which led to the finding of the exact location, on the west side of Savannah, of Spring Hill redoubt, where occurred one of the most sanguinary battles of the Revolution, in which the American and French forces, endeavoring to retake the City of Savannah from the British, made a gallant but futile attack. On February 11, 1911, this spot was marked by a tablet, erected by the Georgia Society of the Sons of the Revolution, and Captain Travis had charge of the arrangements, which brought about the assembling of many, notable Georgians, and official representatives of both the United States Government and the French government.
Robert Jesse Travis graduated from Emory College, Oxford, Georgia, A. B. in 1897, with the first honors of his class arid every scholarship medal in any department. While a student of law he also took post-graduate
work in the literary department. In the school year 1897-98 he was prin cipal of the high school at Madison. He is a man of liberal education, of cultured taste and of many influential associations with his home state. He is a democrat in politics. He has been especially prominent in Masonry,
and is past master of Landrum Lodge, wise master of Temple Chapter No. 1,
Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite, and for four years potentate of Alee Temple of the Mystic Shrine at Savannah. He is also Master of the First
District Masonic Convention. Other social relations are with the University
Club, the Savannah Golf Club, the United Sons of Confederate Veterans and he is a member of Epworth Church, Methodist Episcopal South.
His part in military affairs has also brought him distinction. He has been known as one of the most expert rifle and revolver shots in the state, though
. the urgency of his professional interests has caused him to relax much of his active participation in military affairs in recent years. Until 1906 he
was a member of every Georgia team, and held the state and interstate (south ern) individual championship medals. He became identified with the Georgia militia in August, 1899, enlisting as a private in Company E, First Regi
ment of Infantry, and later in Company, C, Savannah Volunteer Guards, known as the Coast Artillery Corps of Georgia. He rose steadily by pro motion and filled the grades of corporal, first lieutenant and captain. In 1903 he was appointed lieutenant colonel and assistant judge advocate in the Georgia state troops, and is also a member of the Savannah Volunteer Guards
Club. He was recently retired with the rank of lieutenant colonel. On November 27, 1902, Colonel Travis married Miss Rena Falligant,
daughter of Louis A. and Rosa 0. (Brown) Falligant,of Savannah. Mrs. Travis is a member of the Daughters of the American Revolution and the Daughters of the Confederacy, an active member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. To their marriage were born five children. Robert Falligant Travis
was born December 26, 1904; William Livingston was born June 6, 1908; Margaret Elizabeth was killed by a street car in the City of Savannah in 1915, being then a beautiful little girl of five years; Lewis D. died in 1914 at
the age of one year; Rena was born May 12, 1915.

GEORGE H. RICHTER is a member of the Chatham County bar. living in Savannah, Georgia. He was born in Sumter County, Georgia, July 11, 1874, his father being a native of Dessau, Germany, and his mother being Mary
Grant, of Sumter County, Georgia. He was educated in the country schools and in the public schools of
Macon, leaving school when he was in the last class of high school at twelve years of age.' He is a graduate of the law school of Mercer University.

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2233

Mr. Richter was connected for many years with the law department of the Central of Georgia Railway, leaving there in 1911 to take up active prac tice on his own account.

COL. WARREN AKIN, of Cartersville, was born in Elbert County, Georgia, October 11, 1811, coming of an old Virginia family. His educational ad vantages were limited to the ordinary schools of the country. Arriving at
manhood he studied law and was admitted to the bar within a short period after his majority, and speedily won prominence in his profession and as a citizen. He was recognized as perhaps the leading lawyer of the Cherokee bar. He served in the Indian wars during the first third of the last century.
A leading member of the Methodist Church, for many years he served
that body as a local preacher and was a trustee of Emory College. In the Harrison campaign of 1840 Colonel Akin was one of the presidential electors on the whig ticket, and in 1857, was the opposition candidate against the democratic nominee for governor of Georgia. In 1861 he was elected speaker of the Lower House of the General Assembly, being the only man ever elected to that position without previous legislative experience. His health not permitting active service in the field in the war between the states, he was chosen a member of the Second Confederate Congress from the Tenth Dis trict, and was a strong personal friend and trusted adviser of President Davis.
Colonel Akin was twice married. His first wife was Miss Eliza Hooper, a daughter of Judge John W. Hooper. His second wife was Miss Mary Verdery, a daughter of A. N. and Susan Verdery, of Floyd County, Georgia. Three of his sons, T. Warren Akin, John W. and Paul F., chose their father's profes sion and became lawyers of ability. He died at his home in Cartersville, December 17, 1877.

WILLIAM W. GORDON, lawyer and railroad man, was born in Richmond County, Georgia, in 1796. Young Gordon was placed at school in Rhode
Island for several years, after which he entered the United States Military Academy at West Point, where he was graduated in 1815, and soon after his
graduation was appointed as an aide to General Gaines, but resigned his com mission, studied law and was admitted to practice at Savannah. In 1836 he was elected president of the Central of Georgia Railroad and Banking Com
pany, but his arduous labors and constant exposure in that capacity brought on the illness which caused his death in March, 1842. He is considered the father of the Central Railroad of Georgia and the pioneer of works of internal improvement in Georgia.

ISAAC ADKINS GIBSON, M. D. A specialist of high standing and attain ments in practice hi Savannah, Dr. Isaac A. Gibson comes of a family of physicians, a profession which was followed by his father before him and by nearly all of his brothers. For fifteen years Doctor Gibson has practiced at Savannah, and is a specialist in that city who devotes all his time to genito
urinary diseases. For a number of years he was very successful as an Educator.
Born in Warren County, Georgia, June 30,1861, he is a son of Dr. Cicero and Mary (Adkins) Gibson, both of whom were born in Warren County. His father graduated from the Augusta Medical College, practiced his pro
fession as a physician, and was also local pastor of Methodist churches in Warren and adjacent counties for a period of thirty-five years. His death occurred in 1883, when fifty-seven years of age. He was a man of unusual prominence and influence. The County of Warren sent him as its repre-
senative to the State Legislature, and he was almost constant in his duty to the welfare of humanity. He has frequently been called and deserves to be remembered as a fine type of the old southern gentleman and the kindly

2234

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

family physician. He worked without ceasing to elevate and uplift the people with whom he was brought in contact. He never failed to respond to the call of the poor and needy who required his professional services, and while he never acquired great wealth, since he was too generous for that, he built up a fortune in affection and esteem which will keep his memory green for many years to come. He had the assistance of a refined and cultured wife, and their united influence and character have been continued through their children. The mother died in 1896 at the age of fifty-four. Three of their children died in infancy. Dr. William A. Gibson, the oldest son, graduated in medicine at Augusta, taught for several years in Warren County, and then retired from the profession and has since been prominent as a fruit grower in Glascock County, Georgia. Dr. Thomas Crawford Gibson graduated at the university in Athens with the degree B. A., attended a dental college and enjoys a large practice in that profession at Forsyth, Georgia. Dr. Sterling Gibson also graduated in medicine from Augusta and is now in active practice at Thomson, Georgia. The next in age is Dr. Isaac A. John Gibson, who is now a planter at Bobo, Mississippi, is liberally educated like the other sons, having graduated A. B. and A. M. from Emory College, and also from the Peabody Normal School Dr. Cicero Gibson is a graduate in medicine and pharmacy from Atlanta College of Medicine and is now in the drug business at Thomson.
Isaac Adkins Gibson attended the public schools of Warren County, graduated A. B. from Emory College in 1882, took his degree A. M. from the same institution in 1885, and in the same year was awarded his degree M. D. at the Atlanta Medical College. He also took a special course in microscopy and chemistry at the Louisville Medical College. For a number of years he gave little attention to the profession for which he had prepared, but instead was a teacher. He taught six years in Warren County, and then bought the Collegiate Institute founded by George Foster Pierce at Thomson, and was its active head from 1.889 to 1898. During the summer months of that period he practiced medicine in association with his brother, Dr. Sterling Gibson, at Thomson. In 1899 he established himself as a general practitioner in Atlanta, but in 1900 moved to Savannah, which has since been his perma nent home. In a few years all his time was employed by his specialty in the treatment of genito-urinary diseases. Doctor Gibson is a Royal Arch Mason and a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, was for five years a teacher in the Sunday school at Thomson, and for fifteen years has been active in Sunday school work at Savannah.
On .March 26, 1886, in McDuffie County, Georgia, Doctor Gibson married Miss Mamie L. Gross, daughter of William and Sarah (Ilarrison) Gross, both of whom were natives of McDuffie County. Her father was a planter and served in the Confederate army during the war'between the states. Doctor Gibson and wife are the parents of three children, all of whom were born at Thomson, Georgia. Dr. Benjamin Ilarrison Gibson, the oldest, gradu ated in medicine from the University of Maryland, in 1909, practiced for five years at Savannah, but since January 1, 1915, has had his home and practice at Allanhurst, Georgia. For two years he served as city physician in Savan nah. Dr. B. H. Gibson married Edna Goodman of Baltimore and their one child is Elsie Gibson. Addie M. Gibson, the second child of Doctor Gibson and wife, is now the wife of Dr. Justin L. Jackson of Savannah, and their one child is J. L. Jackson. Jr. Isaac A. Gibson, Jr., is now a student in Emory College. Doctor Gibson is a democrat in politics. He is a student and thinker, is devoted to his profession, his church and home, is a man of the highest ideals, and has been able to render a great and valuable service through his work as a teacher and physician.

WILLIAM F. BRUNNER, M. D. Many of the men in the medical profes sion today are devoting themselves in a large measure to the prevention of

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2235

disease as well as its cure. They are exerting all the force of their authority toward persuading people and educating them to use better methods and are spending1 their time and money in the endeavor to find more satisfactory methods of handling disease, and to make the general public realize that in their own hands lies the prevention of a great deal of disease and ill health. In fact, the leaders of the public health movement are in many ways the most conspicuously useful members of the profession.
The City of Savannah has had the services of such a man for a number of years in the person of Dr. William F. Brunner, the city health officer. Doctor Brunner has spent nearly forty years in the profession, and nearly all of it in some branch of the public health movement.
He was born in Savannah in 1858, a son of C. W. and Frances (Haupt) Brunner. The father a native ofvSouth Carolina, was born at Beaufort and the mother in Savannah, Georgia. C. W. Brunner was a merchant, established a business in Savannah before the war and was a man of prominence in the city.
Reared in a home of comfort and refinement, Doctor Brunner was edu cated in private schools at Savannah and in the Locust Dale Academy in Madison Countyj Virginia, In 1877 he was graduated from the University of Georgia and spent the following year in post-graduate work at the University of the City of New York. It was the yellow fever epidemic in 1878 in the southern cities which called him into active work as a public sanitarian. On leaving New York he went into the midst of the yellow fever district and offered his services to the Howard Association. He had himself been a victim of yellow fever at Savannah in 1876 and was consequently immune. His first work was done at Yicksburg, but a little later he was placed in charge of the serious situation at Lake, Mississippi, a town from which nearly every citizen able to travel had fled, including the ministers of the churches. With a staff of nurses under him, he took up his duties fearlessly and vigor ously, and besides alleviating the suffering of the victims of the malady also did much toward preventing the spread of the disease. It was his work during that year which attracted the attention of the United States health officials and brought Doctor Brunner his next promotion to a place in the Marine Hospital service along the South Atlantic Coast. For about four and a half years he was connected with the maritime quarantine posts at various points.
Doctor Brunner first became identified with the municipal government of Savannah in the" capacity of health officer in April, 1888. His previous experience thoroughly qualified him for his duties, and he continued to devote himself to this position for nine years. He resigned to take up work again under the United States Marine Hospital service. He was assigned to duty at Havana, Cuba, when that island was still under the Spanish regime, and he was the head of a staff of physicians and surgeons until a short time before the outbreak of the Spanish-American war when under orders from Wash ington he abandoned his post. During the war he was assigned to duty in inspecting army camps at Tampa and other places in the South and also at Montauk, Long Island. In September, 1898, he was again placed at Havana, where he remained until July 1, 1899, and contributed his services to the rehabilitation of the city under the vigorous administration of the United States Government.
His former service as city health officer at Savannah had been deeply appreciated by all friends of the city's welfare, and on leaving the federal service he accepted an invitation to resume his former duties at Savannah. To that work he has devoted himself conscientiously and faithfully ever since for a period of more than fifteen years, and is largely responsible for the modern sanitary control and efficiency of the public health service in Savannah. As a physician he is one of the leaders of the profession in Georgia, though he

2236

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

has never had any private practice of consequence, since his public duties
have absorbed all his energies. He is a member of the County and State Medical societies and the American
Medical Association. On December 14, 1883, Doctor Brunner married Miss Florence Richardson of Savannah. Their children are Florence Charlton, Albert Wylly, Frances L. and Ruth.
\
LUKE ROBINSON, M. D. The duties of a physician are among the highest and most important which any man can be called on to perform, as they are oftentimes among the most difficult, and he who has attained high rank in the noble profession of medicine is one whom his fellow citizens may well regard with respect and crown with honor. This is still more true when to ability in his chosen calling the physician unites a kind and sympathizing heart and that unostentatious charity which, when occasion arises, relieves the sufferings of the afflicted without hope of earthly reward. Such a true representative of his profession is the subject of this article, Dr. Luke Robin son, of Covington, Georgia. Born in Walton County, Georgia, May 7, 1869, the son of Dr. Jesse and Fannie (Etchieson) Robinson, he comes of a good family on both sides, His paternal grandfather was Rev. Luke Robinson, a man of education and culture and, in his day, a noted Baptist preacher, the friend of many distinguished public men. He and a brother, Jesse Robinson, were graduates of Dublin College, Ireland. Coining to America together, the brother Jesse settled at Lampasas Springs, Texas, where he died intestate, a single man, in 1870. At the time of his death he was the
owner of a large landed estate. Rev. Luke Robinson settled in Newton County, Georgia, where he followed
his sacred profession by preaching to the Indians, among whom he made many converts and by whom he was greatly beloved. When, during the Indian wars, his property was destroyed by General Glister's soldiers, he took refuge among his Indian friends, who treated him kindly and gave him protection. He died in 1866 at the age of eighty years. His wife, whose maiden name was Nancy Malcolm, and who was a native of Walton County, Georgia, survived him several years. Their family consisted of four sons, Thomas, Luke, John and Jesse.
Jesse Robinson, son of Rev. Luke Robinson, was born in Walton County, Georgia, July 4, 1833. In 1858 he was graduated in the first class of the old Atlanta Medical College, and subsequently practiced his profession in Walton County until his death in 1893, at the age of sixty years. He had gained a reputation as one of the leading doctors in the county and was greatly beloved by all who knew him. Large-hearted, and generous to a fault, he was never too tired to visit the sick, conferring the benefits of his knowledge and skill as freely on the poor as on the rich,' and doing many a quiet, kindly act of unostentatious charity. He was a Mason of many years' standing, and he and his wife were active members of the Baptist Church. The latter died in 1892, when forty-eight years old. She was closely related to Dr. Crawford W. Long, the Georgia physician whose name is famous in the annals of medi cine as having in 1842 discovered the principle of anaesthesia. Lie was a brother to the grandmother of our subject, Fannie Etchieson. Dr. Jesse Robinson and his wife were the parents of three children, namely: Luke, the subject of this memoir; Ela, who is the wife of Col. R. L. Cox of Monroe, Georgia; and Jesse, also a resident of Monroe, who is engaged in mercantile
pursuits. Luke Robinson, the date of whose nativity has been already given, acquired
his literary education in the public schools of Walton County and at Mercer University. Having decided to embrace his father's profession, he entered the Southern Medical College, where he was graduated M. D. in the class of 1893, with a highly creditable record. He began practice at Walnut Grove, Walton

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2237

County, Georgia, where he remained for ten years actively engaged in his professional duties, and building up an excellent reputation as physician and surgeon. In 1893 he removed to Covington and has since continued in practice here. He is reputed to have the largest practice of any physician in the county and there is undoubtedly none that enjoys a greater popularity. It is often said that he takes pride in serving gratuitously the poor and des titute, and he has never been known to turn any away who needed his aid. For several years Doctor Robinson served as physician of Newton County and he is state physician for Newton County, to which he was appointed in 1909 and is now serving his eighth year. Aside from his medical practice, he represents twenty-three old line insurance companies, and 105 casualty and accident companies as examiner. For six years he has been a member of the city council, often serving as chairman on important committee matters. He finds time to attend nearly every meeting of the council and gi\ es scrupulous attention to the public affairs of the city. To him the city is largely indebted for the fine concrete bridge recently constructed on Emory street; also for the many street improvements which have been made during the past few years. In short, whenever any public enterprise is undertaken he is always a liberal supporter and contributor, whether it be of a business, social or religious nature. Fraternally he is identified with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias, "Woodmen of the World and the Masons, in which last mentioned order he has advanced as far as the Commandery, being also a noble of the Mystic Shrine.
Doctor Robinson was married January 17,1893, in Green County, Georgia, the home of his bride, to Miss- Emma Armstrong, daughter of Capt. William and Lucy (Crawford) Armstrong, her mother being the daughter of Hinton P. Crawford, a noted Methodist minister of Grreshamville, that county. Six children have come to bless the home of Doctor and Mrs. Robinson, the first five of whom were born in Walton County, Georgia, They are as follows: Anna Bell, William Reginald, Jesse Guy, Luke, Lucy and Ernest Gordon. Mrs. Robinson, who is a lady of refinement and sincere Christian character, is a leader in the work of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and shares her husband's widespread popularity. A local journal, from which we 'have derived some of the facts.contained in this article, says of the doctor that he "is one of those men who realize that his professional contact with people brings him large opportunities for doing good to a greater number of people than most other professions, and he uses these opportunties to full advantage in making friends of almost every man with whom he comes in contact.'' An enviable record, worthily won.
THOMAS WILLIAM CAUSEY, M. D. Since 1911 the medical profession has been capably represented at Savannah by Dr. Thomas William Causey, who, within the .short period of four years, has won his way to a well-deserved position of prominence. He is one of Georgia's native sons, a product of the state's schools, and has exhibited the possession of those traits and talents which have made the men of the Empire State of the South famous in pro fession aW ife.
Doctor Causey was born at Jesup, Wayne County, Georgia, March 18, 1879, and is a son of William Riley and Mary Elizabeth (Purclom) Causey. His father, also a native of Wayne County, served throughout the period of the war between the states as a private in the Fourth Georgia Cavalry, his service being principally confined to guard duty. At the close of the war he returned to Jesup, where he became engaged in mercantile pursuits and was one of that city's well known and prominent business men at the time of his death in 1902, when he was fifty-nine years of age. Mrs. Causey, a native of Wayne County, and a member of a family which traces its ancestry back to Revolutionary heroes, still survives and is fifty-nine years old. There

2238

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

t

were three children in the family: Dr. Thomas William j "Walton W., of Brunswick; and Charles, of Jesup.
As a youth Dr. Thomas William Causey attended the public schools of Jesup, following which he took a commercial course at Briscoe's BusinessCollege, at Atlanta. When he graduated, in 1896, he secured a clerical
position, and continued to be so engaged until 1905. It had been his ambi tion from boyhood to follow a professional career, and in the year mentioned he entered the College of Physicians and Surgeons, at Baltimore, Maryland, there pursuing a full course and being graduated with his degree in 1909.
Returning to Georgia, he began practice at Brunswick, but after two years of experience, desiring a broader field in which to display his abilities and talents, came to Savannah, where he has since built a large and very desir
able practice, Doctor Causey is a member of the Chatham County Medical Society, the Georgia State Medical Society, the Southern Medical Association and the American Medical Association. His practice is of a broad and general character, and among his patients are found some of Savannah's
most representative old families. He is also physician and surgeon for the Cotton Oil Company. In politics he is a democrat, but the constantly increas
ing duties of his profession have precluded the idea of his entrance into public affairs as an active participant or as a seeker for personal preferment. Fraternally, he holds membership in the local lodges of the Knights of Pythias and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks.
Doctor Causey was married at Brunswick, Georgia, in November, 1900, to
Miss Mary Anderson, who was born in this state, a daughter of the late William II. Anderson, who for many years was one of the well known con tractors and citizens of Brunswick. They have no children.

WILLIAM ALLEN CHAPMAN, M. D. It would seem, in the present age of constantly expanding horizons in the field of medical science, of wonderful discoveries and formerly undreamed of surgical skill, that the profession had almost reached a time when its accomplishments are little less than miracles. The physician and surgeon of today, taking advantage of the broad oppor tunities for knowledge granted him, cannot fail to realize with professional
elation the great power he holds over disease and disability, and to be encour aged in his efforts to conquer the strongholds that still stand. Possessing the steady nerve, the patience that never tires, the trained understanding gained
through his long period of special study, he must yet possess, in order to become successful as a surgeon, a courage that never falters; together with a superb technical manual skill. In every physician's life must come emer
gencies which make just sudh demands upon him. It is the possession of these qualities and his skill in applying them that have brought Dr. William Alien Chapman to a foremost position among the members of his profession in Northern Georgia. A successful practitioner of .Cedartown for more than a quarter of a century, he has during this time occupied a prominent place in the life of his community, accomplishing no less for its interests than
he has for his own fortunes. Doctor Chapman was born September 3, 1865, in Fauquier County, Vir
ginia, and is a son of Col. William H. and Josephine (Jeffries) Chapman. The father, a native of the State of Virginia, joined the Confederate army at the outbreak of the war between,the North and the South, and for the first two years served as a captain of artillery. He then joined the command
of the noted Col. John Singleton Mosby, the famous "Partisan Rangers," an independent cavalry command that did very effective work in cutting National communications, destroying supply trains, capturing outposts, etc. With this organization Colonel Chapman remained until the close of the war, in the capacity of lieutenant-colonel. Since that time he has been in
the employ of the United States Government, and at-the present time is

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2239

special revenue agent of the United States at San Francisco, California. Mrs. Chapman is also a native of the Old Dominion. There were eight children in the family, as follows: Dr. William Alien, the eldest, of this review, the only child of his parents living in Georgia; Rev. James J., who is a mis sionary of the Episcopal Church to Japan, located at Nara; Rev. John H., pastor of the Episcopal Church at Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia, Pennsyl vania; Samuel F., who holds a position in the United States Government service and is located at Pittsburg, Pennsylvania; Esther, who is the wife of Rev. Robert U. Brooking, a pastor of the Episcopal faith, with a charge at Washington, District of Columbia; Elizabeth, who is the wife of Rev. W. H. K. Pendleton. an Episcopal clergyman stationed at Spartanburg, South Caro lina; Katherine, who resides with her father at San Francisco, California; and Mary, the wife of Herbert Newman of Somerset, Virginia.
The early education of William Alien Chapman was secured in the private schools of Alexandria, Virginia, following which he entered the State Uni versity of that state. Next he took up his medical studies in the medical department of the University of Maryland, and was graduated therefrom in the class of 1887 with his degree of Doctor of Medicine. During the first six months after his course was completed in that institution, Doctor Chapman acted in the capacity of interne in Bayview Hospital, at Baltimore, Maryland, and in the fall of that year came to Georgia and settled in the City of Atlanta, where he became prison physician. At.this time Doctor Chapman rendered a materially helpful and valuable public service when he made a report of prison conditions and sanitary methods. Under his advisement and after a thorough investigation, his report led up to the establishment of a muchneeded innovation, a Federal prison in the South, located now at Atlanta.
In the fall of 1889 Doctor Chapman came to Cedartown and soon had attracted to him by his ability and recognized knowledge a large and profitable practice in both medicine and surgery. He was to receive further training outside of his immediate field, however, for during the Spanish-American war he became' assistant surgeon of the Third Regiment, United States Volun teer Infantry, which gained widespread fame and was known throughout the army as the " Third Immunes." Doctor Chapman saw much active service in Cuba, where the regiment remained for one year, and then returned to Cedartown and again resumed practice as a private practitioner. He has established himself firmly in the confidence of the people here as a close and careful student, a thoroughly skilled physician, and a man of broad sympa thies, and in the special field of surgery is considered an exceptionally skilled and steady-handed operator. He holds membership in the Polk County Medical Society, the Georgia .State Medical Society and the American Medical Asso ciation, and among his professional brethren enjoys a high reputation. His public service in a professional capacity has included one term as health officer. Doctor Chapman was appointed postmaster by President McEinley and took-charge of the affairs of the Cedartown office May 1, 1899, and sub sequently served through the Roosevelt term in the same capacity, continuing as postmaster until January 1, 1904. In his political views he is a repub lican and has been active in the ranks of his party since the time he attained his majority. Doctor Chapman is a member of the Knights of Pythias, and his religious connection is with the Episcopal Church, to which the members of his family also belong. They are the center of a circle of warm personal friends, and take a prominent part in social affairs in Cedartown.
On April 30, 1890, Doctor Chapman was married at Cedartown, to Miss Lizzie Peek, a native of this city, and a daughter of Julius A. and Mattie (Woolly) Peek, of Polk County, and to this union there has been born one child: Josephine, who is the wife of Samuel W. Good, of Cedartown, and 'has a daughter who was born in this city, Elizabeth, and a small son named Samuel.
Vol. IV-26

2240

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

WALTER G. CORNETT. Ambition that has been that of definite action and achievement has signally animated this representative younger member of the bar of Northern Georgia, and he has gained advancement through his own ability and efforts, so that he is fully appreciative of the responsibilities that success imposes. lie has the distinction of being the youngest man ever appointed to the dual office of deputy clerk and commissioner of the United States District Court, of which position he is now the incumbent, his asso ciation being1 with the Northern Judicial District of his native state, this responsible official preferment having been received by him when he was but twenty years of age. Known for his versatility and resourcefulness as a trial lawyer and his excellent fortification as a counsellor, Mr. Cornett has built up a specially substantial and representative law practice, residence and headquarters in the City of Athens, the judicial center of Clarke County.
Walter G. Cornett was born in the City of Atlanta, Georgia, on the 2<ith of September, 1887, and is a son of Pinclmey Bartlett Cornett and Josephine (Winter) Cornett, both of whom likewise were born and reared in this state, Hardy Cornett, grandfather, having been a native of Virginia and having come from Fairfax Court House, that state, to Georgia many years ago. Pinclmey B. Cornett was for a number of years actively engaged in agricul tural pursuits in Cherokee County and finally removed with his family to the City of Atlanta, where he engaged in business until his death, in 1893, at the untimely age of thirty-five years, his widow being still a resident of the capital city and having celebrated her fiftieth birthday anniversary in
1915. Of the three children the subject of this review was the second in order of birth, and his two sisters, Mrs. Lilly Johnson and Mrs. Emeline Nichols, reside in Atlanta.
In the schools of Georgia's capital city Walter G. Cornett acquired his early educational discipline and as he was a mere child at the time of his father's death he assumed when a youth responsibilities that would not otherwise have fallen to his portion. When about eleven years of age lie assumed the dignified sinecure of office boy for the representative Atlanta law firm of Smith, Hammond & Smith, and while giving careful attention to the duties assigned to him he began there the studies he left off when he was forced to leave school. His earnest application and receptive mind enabled him to make substantial progress in the assimilation of the basic principles of an English, education, making him eligible for admission to
the law department of the University of Georgia. In that institution he was graduated as a member of the class of 1911 and his admission to the bar of his native state was virtually coincident with his reception of the degree of Bachelor of Laws.
Soon after his graduation Mr. Cornett established his residence in Athens, where he has since continued in the successful practice of his profession and in discharge of the duties of his official positions with the United States Dis trict Court. He is an appreciative and popular member of the Georgia State Bar Association and the Clarke County Bar Association, his political alle giance being given to the democratic party and it having been his to give effective service in behalf of its cause. Both he and his wife hold member ship in the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, and he is affiliated with the Masonic fraternity. On Milledge Circle Mr. Gornett owns an attractive home, and there he has sufficient land to enable him to indulge in amateur gardening, this diversion proving a means both for recreation and needed outdoor exer cise, the while the pleasant home is known for its generous hospitality, with Mrs. Cornett as its gracious and popular chatelaine.
On the 2d of December, 1907, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Cornett to Miss Ola Ford, daughter of James E. Ford, a representative citizen and business man of Norcross, Gwinnett County. Mr. and Mrs. Cornett have two children, Walter Goza, who was born September 2, 1910, and Nell Robie, who was born April 22, 1913.

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2241

CHARLES HARRIS, in his day the most prominent lawyer of Savannah, was a native of England, in which country he was born in 1772. His early edu cation was received in France. In 1788, a youth of sixteen, he came to Georgia, locating at Savannah, and studied law in the office of Samuel Stirk, a leader of the professioin in that day. Mr. Harris gained reputation almost from his entry into the profession. He served the people of Savannah either as alderman or mayor for more than twenty years, but beyond this he could never be prevailed upon to accept office. Time and again he refused appoint ment or election to exalted position.
Ill health and domestic afflictions gradually forced him into close retire ment and his death occurred March 13, 1827. A few months afterward a newly organized county in the southwestern part of the state was named in his honor.
i
GEN. HUGH A. HARALSON, of La Grange, Georgia, was born in Greene County, that state, on November 13, 1805. After graduating from Franklin College in 1825 he commenced the practice of the law at Monroe, Walton County, and in 1828 located at La Grange, Troup County, where he remained until his death, September 25, 1854.
In 1831, and again 1832, he was elected a member of the Legislature of Georgia, where he maintained the principles he professed with ability and firmness. His principles had always led him to oppose a Bank of the United States, and the widespread issues of paper money. In 1837 and 1838, as an advocate of these opinions, he was elected to the Senate of his state. In the last year of his service in the Senate, he was elected by the Legislature to a major-general's command of militia, and in that capacity immediately after the commencement of the Mexican war, he tendered his services to the gov ernor of his state, and subsequently to the President of the United States. He was elected to the Twenty-eighth, Twenty-ninth and Thirtieth con gresses and during this period of the Mexican war served as chairman of the Committee on Military Affairs. The County of Haralson was named in his honor.

MALCOLM LAFAYETTE CURRIE, M. D. Among the men whose energies are devoted to the science of medicine and surgery in Toombs County, none bring to bear upon their calling larger gifts of scholarship and talent than Dr. Mal colm Lafayette Currie, the leading physician and surgeon of Vidalia. Far from entering upon his life work in the untried enthusiasm of extreme youth, the advent of this skilled practitioner occurred at a time when his mature mind was trained to thoughtfulness by years of experience as an educator and to a full realization of the possibilities and responsibilities which con fronted him.
Doctor Currie was born in Montgomery County, Georgia, July 13, 1853, and is a son of Duncan and Martha (McClendin) Currie. His grandfather, Malcolm Currie, the founder of this branch of the family in Georgia, was born, in Robeson County, North Carolina, and in 1813 migrated to Montgomery Cornty, Georgia, where he was married. He followed the vocations of gun smith, blacksmith and farmer, and accumulated a valuable and fertile plan tation, which he operated with slave labor. In his declining years he retired from active pursuits, and his death occurred when he was eighty-one years of age, the grandmother passing away when seventy-five years old. They were the parents of nine children, as follows: Loveday, Duncan, Washington, who died during the war between the states as a prisoner in the Federal prison at Elmira, New York; Thomas, who was killed as a soldier of the Confederacy at the battle of Petersburg; Daniel; Malcolm; John, who is a farmer and resides at Glenwood, Georgia; Sarah Ann; and Mary. All of the sons in this family fought as Confederate soldiers, but Duncan Currie, because

2242

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

of deafness, could not enter the ranks and therefore was engaged by the army
as a cattle driver. Dennis McClendin, the maternal grandfather of Dr. M. L. Currie, was a
native of South Carolina and his wife of North Carolina, They settled in Georgia about the year 1813 and passed the remaining years of their lives on a plantation. They were the parents of ten children, of whom Wesley, Madi son, John, Dennis, Jr., Ephraim and Burrell served as soldiers of the Con
federacy. Like many of the families which had been in comfortable circumstances
before the war between the states the Curries found themselves in embarrassed financial circumstances when peace was declared, and Malcolm L. Currie wras forced to content himself in his youth with attendance at the common schools, but completed his education at Lothair, Georgia. However, he had determined upon a professional career, and in order to gain the means for an education secured a position as a school teacher and for eight years acted as an edu cator in Montgomery and Laurens counties during the summer, and worked in the timber during winters until 1886. In that year he began the study of medicine as a student at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Baltimore, Maryland. Entering this institution in March, 1886, he was graduated there from with the degree of Doctor of Medicine, in 1888, and with good standing. Doctor Currie's practice began at Mount Vernon, Georgia, where he remained for two years, at which time, to secure further training, he entered Johns
Hopkins Medical School, Baltimore, Maryland, and there pursued a post graduate course. Returning to .Mount Vernon in November he continued in active and successful practice at that place and Ailey until 1897, when he took a second post-graduate course at Johns Hopkins, doing general practice and surgery. On his return to Georgia, Doctor Currie practiced at Ailey until 1900, when he moved to Savannah, Georgia, and did satisfactory practice for two years, when owing to illness of his wife he was forced to leave Savannah. Returning to the Town of Ailey he practiced until 1907. At that time he built the Mamie Lou Sanitarium at Vidalia, where he now resides. Here he immediately attracted to himself a large practice, his skill in diagnosis, his successful treatment of complicated and long standing cases and his ability as a surgeon creating a gratifying demand for his services. Doctor Currie, possessed of independence and originality, has shown a tendency to think for himself and to draw away from many of the old-fashioned dogmas of the profession. In 1907 he opened Vidalia Hospital, or Sanitarium, at a cost of over $10,000. This institution has so far realized the expectations of its founder and gained its hold upon the public confidence as to suggest its recognition among the leading establishments for healing in this part of the state. Its facilities for the care of the sick are modern and complete, it.s rooms sunny and well ventilated, the most scientific and experienced care is guaranteed those who entrust themselves to its benefits, and the entire insti tution is one which reflects credit upon its founder and upon the community in which, it is located. Doctor Currie is a member of the Toombs County Medical Society,* the Georgia Medical Society and the American Medical Association, and is vice consul of the Twelfth Congressional District Medical Society. He is a Royal Arch Mason and a member of the Knights of Pythias, the Improved Order of Red Men and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. With his family he belongs to the Methodist Church. He has been a substan tial supporter of all movements making for the general welfare of the public
and. has been strong in advancing the interests of education. On December 23,1890, Doctor Currie was married in Montgomery County,
Georgia, to Miss Minnie McBride, of that county, daughter of William and Ailey (McNatt) McBride. Of the five children born to this union two are deceased, the others being: Anna, who wras educated in the Bessie Tiff and Wesleyan colleges and is now a teacher in the public schools near Eastman,

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2243

Georgia; Erline, a graduate of the Vidalia High School and a student of Wesleyan College, who is also a public school teacher; and William Duncan, who is still attending school.

BUELL STARK, Tracing his lineage back to ancient and sterling stock promi nent in the history of Wales, and standing as a representative of a family whose name has been prominently lined with the civic and material activities of Georgia since the early part of the nineteenth century, Buell Stark has achieved prominence and influence as one of the representative business men and notably public-spirited citizens of his native county. He has developed much finesse and constructive ability as a financier and, with duly con servative and yet progressive policies, he is the active executive officer of the Bank of Dalton, of which he is cashier, this being one of the stable and effectively directed institutions of Whitfield County and one that contributes definitely to the financial and general commercial prestige of the City of Dalton, the county seat.
Mr. Stark was born in Whitfield County, Georgia, on the 18th of June, 1866, and is a son of John W. and Rebecca (Malcolm) Stark, both of whom were born and reared in Walton County, this state, where their marriage was solemnized. Jonas Stark, the founder of the American branch of the family, emigrated from Wales, the land of his nativity, in the early years of the nineteenth century and after remaining a comparatively brief period in Pennsylvania he came to Georgia and settled in Walton County. In his native laud he had been identified with the mining industry and after coming to Georgia he made a discovery of gold in Walton County, with the result that he was fairly successful in mining the precious metal for a time, though the deposition proved too small to make the enterprise continuously profitable. He eventually became one of the successful planters of Walton County, and was the owner of a considerable number of slaves. Both he and his wife continued to reside in Walton County until their death. Their son William, great-grandfather of him whose name introduces this article, likewise held prestige as one of the substantial planters and slaveholders of Walton County^ where he was a citizen of influence and where he died at the age of eighty years, his wife, whose family name was Butler and who was a native of Pennsylvania, having preceded him to the life eternal. They were folk of strong character and steadfast integrity, enjoyed distinctive prosperity and commanded the high esteem of all who knew them. Both were zealous members, of the Primitive Baptist Church, in which Mr. Stark served, many years as a deacon. They became the parents of three sons, Thomas, William and John B. Thomas, who married but reared no children, attained to advanced aga and,,was one of the representative planters of Walton County at the timeof his demise. William, grandfather of Buell Stark, passed his entire life'in Walton County, a prominent planter and a substantial and honored citizen,, and he died in 1872, at the age of sixty-eight years, his wife having passed away in 1852 and both having been consistent members of the Primitive Baptist Church. Six of their children attained to years of maturity: Mary, who still resides in Walton County, is the widow of John W. Upshaw; Thomas ad William both served as valiant soldiers of the Confederacy in the Civil war and both, as young men, sacrificed their lives in battle, the former having met his death in Virginia, and the latter in the battle of Gettysburg; Augustus R. served in the Civil war as quartermaster in the Confederate army, and after the close of the great conflict he became a prosperous merchant at Social Circle, Walton County, where he passed the residue of his life; James was likewise a loyal soldier in the Confederate ranks and he was a resident of the City of Atlanta at the time of his death; and the sixth of the children was John W. Stark, father of him to whom this sketch is dedicated.
John W. Stark continued to be identified with agricultural pursuits in his

2244

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

native county until the inception of the war, when he promptly tendered his
aid in defense of the Confederate States. He enlisted in the Forty-second Georgia Regiment, in which he served as captain of his company, and he con tinued to be numbered among the gallant "boys in gray" during the entire course of the war, his valor and military efficiency having been of the highest
type. He participated in many of the celebrated and sanguinary battles marking the progress of the long internecine conflict, and received wounds while taking part in the battles of Shiloh, Resaea and Bentonville. Incidental
to the siege and battle of Vicksburg, he was captured by the enemy, but he was not long detained as a prisoner of war. After the close of the great struggle he settled in Whitfield County and, with courage and loyalty equal
to that which he had displayed as a soldier, he set himself to winning the victories that peace has in store and to contributing his quota to the reviv ing of the prostrate industries of the South. He improved and developed one- of the valuable landed estates of Whitfield County, achieved prosperity
through his effective operations as an agriculturist, commanded the confidence and esteem of his fellow men and was one of the representative citizens of this county at the time of his death, in 1893, at the age of sixty-three years.
He was a consistent member of the Universalist Church, as is also his widow, who was born in 1836 and who now resides in the City of Dalton, secure in
the affectionate regard of all who have come within the sphere of her influence. She is a lineal descendant of William Malcolm, who immigrated to America from Scotland early in the nineteenth century and settled in Gwinnett
County, Georgia, where he became specially prominent, successful and influential, as he gained precedence as the most extensive landholder in the county and was the owner of more than 300 slaves. His two sons, George and William, both became distinguished clergymen in Georgia of the Primi
tive Baptist Church, and the former, maternal grandfather of the subject of this review, died in Walton County, in the year 1861.
John W. and Rebecca (Malcolm) Stark became the parents of four chil
dren who attained to maturity: Elizabeth is the wife of Wiley J. Ford, a 'prosperous farmer of Whitfield County; Buell, of this sketch, was the next
in order of birth; Nannie is the wife of John Henry Hyer, likewise a repre sentative agriculturist of Whitfield County; and Pryor is superintendent of the Lookout Refining Company, of Chattanooga, Tennessee.
Buell Stark is indebted to the public schools of Whitfield County for his
early educational discipline and after his graduation in the Dalton High School he entered the University of Georgia, in which he was graduated as a member of the class of 1888 and from which he received the degree of Bachelor of Arts. For seven years thereafter he put his scholastic attain
ments to practical utilization by serving as superintendent of the public schools at West Point, Troup County. For the ensuing .six years he held a similar incumbency at Convers, the judicial center of Rockdale County, and then by resignation of his position of superintendent, he severed his associa
tion with the pedagogic profession, this action having been taken that he might direct his efforts to the organization of the Bank of Rockmart, in Polk County. This undertaking he successfully effected in 1901, and he became
cashier of the new institution, of which Hon. Hoke Smith, former governor of Georgia," assumed the office of president. Mr. Stark built up for the Rockmart Bank a substantial business and at the expiration of six years he dis posed of his interest in the institution and organized the First National Bank of Rockmart, of which he served as cashier until 1912, when he resigned his office, disposed of his stock and returned to his native county, where, in
1913, he effected the organization of the Bank of Dalton, of which he has continued the efficient and popular cashier, with a record that places him well to the front as one of the representative figures in banking circles in Northern Georgia. The bank is incorporated with a capital stock of $50,000,

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2245

and its president, William C. Fincher, is a prominent merchant and repre sentative citizen of Dalton.
Mr. Stark is not only a successful banker but his loyalty to and apprecia tion of his native county and state have been given further and practical exemplification through his active identification with the great basic industry of agriculture, of which he is a prominent, influential and progressive repre sentative in Whitfield County. Here he owns a fine landed estate of 1,000 acres and on this rural demesne, at a point four miles distant from Dalton, he and his family have their beautiful and modern home, in which they delight to dispense hospitality in a manner consonant with the highest ideals of the fine old southern regime.
As may naturally be inferred, Mr. Stark is found' aligned as a loyal supporter of the cause of the democratic party, and both he and his wife hold membership in the Baptist Church in Dalton, in which he formerly served as superintendent of the Sunday school. In the time-honored Masonic fraternity Mr. Stark has received the thirty-second degree of the Ancient Accepted Scottish Rite, besides being affiliated with the Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. In the Dalton Lodge of the Inde pendent Order of Odd Fellows he is specially prominent, and he is serving in 1915 as official guardian of the Georgia Grand Lodge of this order. His His fraternal relations are further extended by his affiliation with the Knights
of Pythias. Mr. Stark manifests the deepest interest in all that tends to advance the
civic arid material welfare and progress of his home city and county and is one of the active and valued members of the Dalton Chamber of Commerce. He is an ardent devotee of the ancient sport and gentleman's pastime, the. fox chase, maintains a fine pack of hounds and as an unexcelled equestrian in this pleasing sport he has been most influential in avoiding its decadence in
the South. At Dalton, on the 10th of July, 1889, was solemnized the marriage of Mr.
Stark to Miss Annie Stafford, who likewise was born and reared in Whitfield County, and who is a daughter of James B. and Mary (Turner) Stafford, the former of whom is a retired merchant and financier of Dalton, and the latter of whom passed to the life eternal in 1910. Mr. and Mrs. Stark, the latter a popufer leader in the representative social life of Dalton, have three children : Mary Willard, who was born at West Point, this state, on the 3d of Decem ber, 1892, is the-wife of William B. Marshall, of Strasburg, in the beautiful Shenandoah Valiey of Virginia; Stafford H., who was born at West Point on the 22d of January, 1895, and whose wife bore the maiden name of Lura Fouche, is engaged in the cotton-mill business in the City of Atlanta; John Buell, who was born at Conyers, Georgia, on the 21st of November, 1898, is a resident of Atlanta, where he holds a position in the auditing department of 'the Atlanta, Birmingham &1 Atlantic Railroad.

MAJ.-GEN. JOHN BURKETT DAVIS. No review of Newton County's promi nent and representative citizens, those who by inherent ability and true
worth of character have won a high place in public esteem, would be complete without mention of John Burkett Davis of Covington, who for the last thirty-two years has held the office of clerk of the county court. Mr. Davis comes of a distinguished southern family, being a blood relation of the famous1 Jefferson Davis, president of the Southern Confederacy, the latter being descended from the same Welsh ancestor by a collateral line. The . subject of this memoir was born in Newton County, Georgia, July 5, 1834, son of William C. and Mary (Burton) Davis. The father, ,who was reared in Rockingham County, Virginia, came as a young man to Georgia early in the nineteenth century, settling in Newton County. He became the proprietor of large plantations, which, like all others in the South before the war, were

2246

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

cultivated by slave labor. He Was, however, a kind and just master, beloved by his dependents and honored and esteemed by his equals wherever known. Like most southern gentlemen, he took an active interest in politics, being a leading member of the whig party. His death took place in 1866 when he had attained the venerable age of ninety-one years. His wife, Mary Burton Davis, who was a native of Newton County, Georgia, was eighty years old at the time of her death. They were both active members of the Methodist Church. Their family consisted of five children, all of whom became worthy and prominent members of society, namely: Thomas C., now deceased, who was a leading physician of Monticello, Jasper County, Georgia; William F., who was a prominent planter of Newton County, Georgia, and who died about 1862; Richard T., an attorney at law and judge, before the war, who was killed in battle at McDowell, Virginia, and in whose honor Camp Davis of Putnam County, Virginia, was named; Margaret, widow of Dr. Edward Perry, who died in Newborn, Newton County, Georgia, and who now resides in Shady Dell, Jasper County, Georgia; and John Burkett, whose name forms the caption of this memoir.
John Burkett Davis was educated in the public schools of Newton County and at Emory College. He remained on his father's plantation until the
breaking out of the Civil war, when, with all the chivalric enthusiasm of
young southern manhood, he threw himself into the great struggle, joining
the Sixteenth Battalion Infantry Company as a private. He did his full
duty as a soldier and was promoted to the rank of lieutenant, and later to that of adjutant of his regiment. After the war, conditions in the South being
so completely changed, he found himself obliged to seek some regular occupa tion and accordingly entered into mercantile life, working for four years as
clerk in the general stores of Covington. He interested himself in public affairs, taking an active part in politics, and through native ability and force of character made so favorable an impression on his fellow citizens that in 1872 he was elected to the State Legislature. This was but the beginning of
a notable public career, as, realizing that they had found a capable and conscientious representative, the people of his district re-elected him for
a second term in the same office by a majority of 350, defeating a strong
opposition. So well did he run that he led his ticket, a fact which evidences the strong popularity he had already attained. In 1884 he was elected clerk
of court for Newton County and has since held this office continuously a period of thirty-two years, which is one of the longest records for consecutive
service in the history of Georgia. As a political candidate he has taken part in fifteen campaigns, upholding the banner of democracy, and always leading
nis ticket. On several occasions he has met with no opposition, but when opposed he has shown his strength by increasing his lead. In earlier years he
was a powerful stump speaker, his splendid voice and sound, logical argu
ments drawing large audiences, on all occasions. For ten years he served ably on the board of education. A man of genial temperament and unim
peachable integrity, his word is as good as his bond, and it would be hard
to name anyone in Newton County who numbers so many distinguished men as his personal friends. In all things calculated to benefit the city, county or
state he is an efficient and trusted leader. He is a Mason, a member of the Blue Lodge and Chapter, and his religious affiliations are with the Methodist
Church, of which he is a faithful and useful member.
On March 12, 1872, John Burkett Davis was united in marriage in
Covington, Georgia, to Miss Corinne Rogers, of Covington, a daughter of Osborne T. and Louise (Neel) Rogers. Two children have been born to
them, Rogers Waddell and Rogers Burton, whose record in.brief is as follows: Rogers Waddell Davis, born in Newton County, Georgia, after acquiring
a good literary education, was graduated from the Georgia School of Tech
nology and is now a man of prominence in the world of mechanics. He is

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2247

'i
southern representative of the Saco-Lowell Manufacturing Company, of Lowell, Massachusetts, his jurisdiction including the entire South. He drew the plans for the Covington Cotton Mills and in many other ways has given evidence of his mastery of the profession he has adopted. His residence is in Charlotte, South Carolina. He married Miss Frankie Reed, a Georgian lady, and they have a son, Reed, who was born in Atlanta, Georgia.
Rogers Burton Davis, also born in Newton County, Georgia, resides in Atlanta, where he is general representative of the Draper Machine Works of that city. He married Essie Robinson, of Covington, Georgia, and they have a son, Jack Burton Davis, now fourteen years old, who has shown precocious ability as a musician and mechanical genius. Of 'such a family record Mr. Davis, our subject, may well be proud, as his fellow citizens are of his own,'which deserves an honorable place in the county's annals,

JAMES F. JAMES. The western and northern states have long put forth special claims for progressiveness and priority along industrial and commercial lines and for the almost spontaneous production of men of great initiative and business capacity, but to the deep student of economic conditions in the United States comes a full appreciation of the fact that the New South has not fallen behind in the sending forth into the field of industrial enterprise men of as brilliant talent and as great constructive ability as can be claimed by any other part of our great national domain, the while it is prima facie that the Southern states are making rapid advancement year by year in the development of extensive and important manufacturing) and commercial enterprises. In consonance with these statements there is need only to refer to the career of the wide-awake and vigorous business man whose name intro duces this paragraph and who has by his own efforts gained distinctive suc cess and prestige as one of the veritable captains of industry in the South. He is president of the Mascot Stove Manufacturing Company, of Dalton, Whitiield County, and under his effective direction as chief executive this corporation has become representative of one of the important industrial enterprises not only of the thriving City of Dalton but also of the State of Georgia, so that there is all of consistency in according to him special recog nition in this publication.
James Franklin James was born in Dickson County, Tennessee, on the 30th of April, 1877, and is a son of Thomas Jefferson and Nancy Jane (Hudson) James, both likewise natives of Dickson County and representatives of sterling pioneer families of Tennessee. Thomas J. James continued to devote his attention to agricultural pursuits in his native state until 1881, when he removed with-his family to Texas, but he remained in the Lone Star State only three years, at the expiration of which he made the return journey and settled on a farm in Fulton County, Kentucky, where he and wife still maintain their home.
He whose name initiates this review was about four years of age at the time of the family removal to Texas, and after the removal to Kentucky he there received the advantages of the public schools of Fulton County. At the age of eighteen years he entered the Southern Normal University, and in this institution he defrayed his expenses by doing janitor work and acting as agent for a laundry. He was graduated as a member of the class of 1899, ;<pid he then went to the home of his maternal uncle, Robert A. Hudson, Who was superintendent of a foundry at South Pittsburg, Tennessee, and who gave to his nephew a position in this establishment, where he worked as ship ping clerk, at a salary of about $50 a month. Mr. James soon became aware that moulders in the foundry earned from $25 to $30 weekly, and he there fore- determined to learn the moulder's trade. In the same foundry he served a thorough apprenticeship at this trade, and in the meanwhile his ambition and his determination to make advancement led him simultaneously to take

2248

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

a course of study in the technical line of shop work, by availing himself of the advantages of the celebrated International Correspondence School, at Scranton, Pennsylvania. He made every leisure hour count and in this excellent institution he was graduated in 1905. Soon afterward he went to the City of Chattanooga, where he found employment at his trade in the
shops of the Chattanooga Roofing & Foundry Company, and his technical and executive ability eventually led to his promotion to the position of super
intendent of the foundry, which is the largest in the State of Tennessee. For the purpose of fortifying himself more adequately along technical lines, he completed in the same correspondence school a thorough course in mechanical engineering, and this knowledge enabled him to do efficient service as a drafts
man, for his technical and practical training were coincident and he was from the beginning of his original apprenticeship fortunate in being thus able to
make immediate practical application of the specific knowledge acquired through the efficient medium of the correspondence school and further to
develop a natural inventive genius.- At this juncture it may be noted that Mr. James is the inventor of four valuable patented devices that are effec tively utilized by the company of which he is now the president. One is a
detachable grate that may be readily adjusted to all grate baskets. Another
of his inventions is the '' Titelock Sad Iron,'' but his maximum achievement was the invention of the really wonderful range to which he has given the consistent title of "Kitchen Kumfort," the same involving an entirely, new
principle in range construction and the great superiority of the manufao tured product being conceded by the best authorities. This range, which is
manufactured by the Mascot -Stove Company, of which Mr. James is presi dent, is fully covered by letters patent that were issued by the United States Patent Department under date of February 2, 1915. In a circular issued by the company the following basic principles of this improved domestic range are designated as follows: "First A stationary damper plate placed between top of stove and top oven-plate, with openings for heat to pass through. Second A. damper slide with openings to co-act with openings in
damper plate, capable of blocking all or any part of the heat in its passage to flue or stovepipe and causing it to travel through down-draft flue in front and under oven, making a complete circuit and producing a more equal dis
tribution of heat in all parts of the oven than is possible with other ranges. Third A flue at each end, top and bottom of oven, front flue being between fire-box and front oven plate. The heat in passing out of fire-box down
front flue begins heating the oven at once, this resulting in a great saving
in fuel and a cooler kitchen in the summer, as the heat is under control. When damper is .closed, heat is held in range, keeps the oven hot and does not radiate out in the kitchen to the discomfort of the housewife." In short
it may consistently be said that the "Kichen Kumfort" Range has all of the good points of the other high-grade ranges manufactured and in addition has
special advantages that are of great importance and value and that cannot be
claimed for any other range. It bakes bread in three to five minutes and browns top and bottom alike, and that without any shifting of pans.
To revert to Mr. James' association with the Chattanooga Roofing &
Foundry Company, it may be stated that he was eventually advanced to the management of one of the sales departments, a position of which he con tinued 'the incumbent one year and which he resigned to identify himself
with the company of which he is now president and also treasurer. His resignation occurred in 1912, and in November of that year he established his residence in the City of Dalton, Georgia. In the following month, while retaining the title of a previous corporation, he here effected the organiza
tion of the Mascot Stove Manufacturing Company, which is incorporated for $20,000, and of which he has been from the time of incorporation the incum bent of the offices of president, treasurer and general manager. *The stock-

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2249

holders of the company are for the most part residents of Whitfield County and are business men of prominence and influence, F. F. Farrar being vice president and secretary, and K. B. Watson superintendent of the factory. The business of this important corporation rests upon a most solid founda tion, both capitalistic and in intrinsic superiority of its products, so that its expansion is proving rapid and of most substantial order. The "Kitchen Kumfort" range has merits that are destined to bring for it the widest demand and incidentally the name and fame of the City of Dalton will be spread far and near, so that the enterprise of this vigorous company is to be viewed as one of the most important industries of Northern Georgia.
Mr. James gives his allegiance to the democratic party, is progressive as a citizen as well as a business man, is affiliated with the Masonic fraternity, the Knights of Pythias and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and his character and achievement fully entitle him to the unqualified popular esteem in which he is held. Incidentally it may be noted that he is a second cousin of Hon. Ollie James, the distinguished and popular United States senator
from Kentucky. At South Pittsburg, Tennessee, in the year 1901, Mr. James was united in
marriage to Miss Effie Alice Deakins, who was born and reared in Tennessep and who is a daughter of Harvey and Harriet (Tipton) Deakins and a grand daughter of Hon. Jonathan Tipton, who was governor of Tennessee during the War of 1812. Mr. and Mrs. James have five children, the first three of whom were born at South Pittsburg and the younger two in Chattanooga, Tennessee, their names being here entered in respective order of birth: Dow D., ,Cora Jeanette, Thomas Grady, Alice Effie, and James Franklin, Jr.

WILLIAM E. MANN. As a lawyer, legislator and a broad-minded and progressive citizen Hon. William Edmond Mann has made upon his native state the impress of his strong and resourceful individuality. He is engaged in the practice of his profession in the City of Dalton, judicial center of Whitfield County, and is accorded indubitable precedence as one of the repre sentative members of the bar of the Cherokee District, this prestige being the direct result of sterling character, distinctive ability and large achievement in the-handling of legal affairs of broad scope and importance, the name of Mr. Mann having appeared in connection with a large amount of the more notable litigation in the courts of this section of the state. He has served in both branches of the Georgia Legislature and was influential and constructive in his work for judicious legislation, so that there are many reasons why he should be accorded recognition in this history of the Empire State of the
South. Mr. Mann was born in Gordon County, Georgia, on the 14th of March,
1862, and is a son of Dr. Joel J. and Sally (Hunter) Mann, both likewise natives of Georgia and both representatives of sterling old families of this favored commonwealth. Doctor Mann was born and reared in Newton County and prior to the. Civil war he had removed thence to Sugar Valley, Gordon County, His preparation for his profession included a course in the Georgia College of Medicine in the City of Augusta, and though he devoted no little attention to the practice of his profession in Gordon County, much of his time was given to the supervision of his extensive operations as an agriculturist. He, was a member of the Home Guard of Georgia during the progress of the Civil war, the Confederate cause having been signally upheld by him through hvs ^services in buying supplies for the troops in the field, and his ability in this line having been so manifest that the governmental authorities dis couraged his enlistment for regular service as a soldier. He was the owner of a valuables-landed estate and an appreciable contingent of slaves prior to the war, and, like so many others of the prosperous citizens of the South, he met with no inconsiderable financial reverses. as a result of the great polemic

2250

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

contest between the North and the South. The family home continued to be maintained in Gordon County until 1870, when removal was made to Floyd County, where the representative of this honored family continued to be found for more than thirty years, after which Gordon County again became the home. Doctor Mann was born on the 31st of January, 1833. His cherished and devoted wife was summoned to eternal rest in 1896 and both had been earnest members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South. They were per sons of superior intellect and high ideals, and they commanded the sincere regard of all who knew them. Concerning their children the following brief record is consistently entered: Delia, who became the wife of James Harris, was a resident of Floyd County at the time of her death, in 1898; Anna is the wife of Presley Smith, a substantial farmer of that county; William S., of this review, was the next in order of birth; Rev. Alexander Jefferson Mann was a prominent clergyman in Georgia of the Presbyterian Church, and after serving fifteen years as pastor of the church of this denomination at Sumach, Murray County, he removed to Texas, where he is now pastor of the Pres byterian Church at McGregor, McLennan County; Joel J. is a successful agriculturist and stock-grower in that same county of the Lone Star State; Robert Lee received a liberal education, was for some time engaged in teach ing school and is now one of the prominent farmers and influential citizens of Whitfield County, Georgia, where he has given effective service as a member of the county board of education; Alice is the wife of Pryor Stark, a suc cessful merchant in the City of Chattanooga, Tennessee.
William E. Mann is indebted to the schools of Gordon and Floyd counties for his early educational discipline, and thereafter he was graduated in the high school at Subligna, Chattooga County. In 1882 he was graduated in Dahlonega College, a branch of the University of Georgia, and received there from the degree of Bachelor of Arts. In order to acquire the financial rein forcement requisite to enable him successfully to carry forward his work of preparation for his chosen profession, Mr. Mann devoted some time to teaching in the schools of Chattooga County. In the City of Rome, Floyd County, he earnestly prosecuted the study of law, under the effective preceptorship of Col. William H. Dabney and Robert L. Fouehe, prominent members of the bar of that county, and in 1883 he was admitted to the bar, at the October term of the Superior Court of that county, his examination having been conducted before the presiding judge, Hon. Joel Branahan.
In 1884 Mr. Mann engaged in the practice of his profession at Ringgold. Catoosa County, where he built up a large law business and where he con tinued his activities until 1907, and in the meanwhile he served three terms as mayor of Ringgold and one term, 1898, as state senator from that dis trict. In 1905-6 he represented Catoosa County in the lower house of the State Legislature, and while the incumbent of this position he introduced the bill for the separation of the white citizens of Georgia from the negroes in public conveyances, including railroad coaches and street cars, this bill, which was brought to enactment, being similar to the so-called "jim-crow" laws passed in other states of the South. At this session of the Legislature Repre sentative Mann introduced also a bill to permit tenants to file counter-affidavits when unable to give indemnity bonds in connection with leases. Mr. Mann had also the distinction of introducing an income-tax bill, this representing the first definite effort made for the accomplishing of this measure in Georgia. In the lower house he introduced and ably championed to passage his bill providing for the pensioning by the state of all its Confederate soldiers of
sixty-two years or more. In 1907 Mr. Mann founded a broader field of professional endeavor by
removing from Ringgold to the City of Dalton, where he has since continued his successful work as one of the leading attorneys and counselors at law in this section of his native state, his practice being of broad scope and importance

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2251

and being not confined to his home county. Thus it may be noted that he is retained as attorney of the Alaculsy Lumber Company, a prominent indus trial corporation of Murray County. He was prominently influential in that county in effecting the removal of the judicial center of the county from Springplace to Chatsworth. Though no partnership alliance is maintained, Mr. Mann and Col, William C. Martin are closely associated in much of their
law practice and are mutually valued coadjutors, a sketch of the career of Colonel Martin being incorporated on other pages of this work.
Essentially loyal and progressive as a citizen, Mr. Mann takes vital interest
in all that touches the welfare of his home city, county and state, and at
Dalton he has served as a member of the city council and as mayor pro tern. He is a stockholder of the A. J. Showalter Printing & Publishing Company, in the Crown Cotton Mills and the Dalton Stove Company, three of the
important industrial corporations of the capital city of Whitfield County. He is the owner of two valuable farms in Whitfield County.
Mr. Mann has given most valiant and effective service jn advancing the cause of the democratic party and is an able exponent of its principles and
policies. He is affiliated with the Masonic fraternity, the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias and the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, is a charter member of the Dalton Country Club, holds mem bership in the Georgia State Bar Association, and both he and his wife arc earnest members of the Presbyterian Church of Dalton, of which he is a deacon. Mrs. Mann is president of the Woman's Club of Dalton, is active in church work and in connection with social clubs and is an influential member of the Dalton chapter of the Daughters of the Confederacy, which noble
organization she represented as a delegate in the national capital. Mrs, Mann is a woman of most gracious personality and of distinctive culture, as she is a graduate of Centenary College, in which institution she made
her junior year notable by winning all the medals as a reader and essay writer.
On the 22d of September, 1892, was solemnized the marriage of Mr. Mann to Miss Irene Gordon, the ceremony having been performed by the pastor of the Presbyterian Church of Ringgold. Mrs. Mann was born and reared in Catoosa Country, and is a daughter of Judge Thomas M. and Ophelia J. (Smith) Gordon, her father having been a gallant soldier in both the Mexican and Civil wars, in which latter he was a prominent member of a Georgia regiment in the Confederate service, and in later years he won
distinction through serving as judge of the inferior courts of Catoosa County. Mr. and Mrs. Mann became the parents of five children, of whom the first born, Albert H., died at the age of three and one-half years; William Gordon,
who was born June 24, 1895, was graduated in the Dalton High School and the Suwanee Military Academy, in Gwinnett County; Joel J., who was born May 28, 1897, has completed the curriculum of the Dalton High School and is to continue his studies in the military academy at Suwanee; Luther T. was
born November 27, 1903, and Marian Edmunds was born on the 25th of February, 1907, all of the children claiming Ringgold, Catoosa County, as the place of their nativity.

JOHN A. GLOVER. This honored and influential citizen of Rome, Floyd
County, is one of those men of initiative and constructive ability, steadfast purpose and inviolable integrity who by very force of their dynamic energy make their way forward from small beginnings to large and worthy success.
He is one of the leading men of affairs in Floyd County, is influential in 1 public matters and the directing of community sentiment and action, has held various offices of public trust, has acquitted himself admirably in the varied
relations of life and has won through personal effort a secure place as one of the substantial capitalists of Northwestern Georgia. Mr. Glover is president

2252

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

of the Exchange National Bank of Rome and of the Anchor Duck Cotton Mills of this city, is treasurer of the Simpson-Glover Grocery Company, engaged in the wholesale trade exclusively, and has other capitalistic interests
of important order. John Abraham Glover was born in Cherokee County, Alabama, on the
18th of November, 1846, and is a son of James and Mary (Cornelius) Glover, both natives of South Carolina and representatives of fine old southern fami lies. The lineage of the Glover family traces back to the stanchest Scotch stock, and prior to the American Revolution three brothers of the name immigrated from Scotland to establish their home in the ambitious colonies of the New World. One of the number settled in Charleston, South Caro lina, and the other two became resident of Virginia, the historic Old Dominion. Hezekiah Glover, grandfather of him whose name initiates this article, was born in Virginia and represented that commonwealth as a patriot soldier of the'Continental line in the war of the Revolution. Eventually he removed to South Carolina, where he reared his children and where both he and his
wife passed the remainder of their lives. James Glover was reared to maturity in his native state and as a young
man removed thence to Alabama, where for three years he was engaged in agricultural pursuits in Tuscola County. After his marriage he removed to a plantation in Cherokee County, that state, where he developed an excel lent landed estate, this homestead having continued to be his abiding place until his death, in 1884, at the venerable age of eighty-one years, his devoted wife having been summoned to the life eternal in 1872, at the age of sixtynine years, and both having been consistent and earnest members of the Baptist Church. Of their eight children John A. of this review is now the sole survivor. Cain Glover, the eldest son, was for many years a successful merchant and representative citizen of Rome, Georgia, where he engaged in the dry-good business in 1865, shortly after the close of the Civil war and where he continued to be identified with this line of enterprise until his death, when he was well advanced in years. He was an influential factor in the upbuilding of the present fine little city, commanded the high regard of all who knew him, was an active worker in the ranks of the democratic party, and served several terms as a member of the city council of Rome.
Reared to adult age on the home plantation which was the place of his birth, John A. Glover early learned the practical lessons of industry, but owing to the exigencies and conditions of time and place, his early educational advantages were limited to a somewhat irregular attendance in rural schools. When the Civil war was precipitated Mr. Glover was not yet sixteen years of age, but his youthful loyalty to the cause of his loved Southland was not long to be denied material manifestation, for, at the age of seventeen years, he enlisted as a private in the Sixth Georgia Cavalry, with which gallant command he saw long and arduous service and with which he participated in many important engagements, including the .battles of Resaca and Atlanta, and the spirited campaigns with which his command was identified in Tennessee.
After the close of the war this youthful veteran of the Confederacy returned to Cherokee County, Alabama, where he resumed his association with the basic industry of agriculture, but in 1867 he established his resi dence at Rome, Georgia, where he has thus continued to maintain his home for nearly half a century and where he now holds precedence as one of the pioneer business men of this favored section of the state. Upon coming to Rome Mr. Glover assumed a position as clerk in the grocery establishment of the firm of Glover & Bale, of which his brother Cain was the senior member. Two years later he severed this association and, in a modest way, initiated his independent career as a merchant. He formed a partnership with John D. Ford, under the title of Ford & Glover, and they opened a retail grocery

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2253

store, their careful attention to the demands of their trade causing the enter prise to be distinctively successful. In 1876 Charles Height was admitted to partnership, and from that time forward the business continued to manifest a cumulative tendency of such scope as to offer to the interested principals definite assurance of substantial and increasing success. In 1886 Mr. Ford withdrew from the firm and was virtually succeeded by W. P. Simpson. Within a short time thereafter the firm expanded its operations by engaging in the wholesale grocery business, and in 1892, as a matter of commercial exigency and to meet the requirements of the constantly expanding trade, the business was incorporated under the present title of the Simpson Grocery Company, Mr. Glover having been treasurer of the company from the time of incorporation to the present and having been primarily influential in the development of the substantial and widely disseminated trade now controlled by this representative wholesale house of Northern Georgia, The business of the company extends through Georgia and Alabama, and in its trade territory it- is represented efficiently by three traveling salesmen.
In 1896 Mr. Glover effected the organization of the Exchange Bank of Rome, which was incorporated with a capital stock of $75,000, and W. P. Simpson assumed the executive direction of the business of the new institu tion, which has grown to be one of the most substantial and popular in this section of the state. Upon the death of his honored friend and valued busi ness associate, Capt. W. P. Simpson, who was p^ident of the bank and!, who died in August, 1912, Mr. Glover succeeded to the presidency, and in January of the following year the institution was reorganized and duly chartered as the Exchange National Bank, Mr. Glover having continued as the chief executive and his administration as president having been marked with due conservatism and yet with policies that, emanating from him, are characteristically liberal and progressive.
Mr. Glover likewise was one of the organizers and ^corporators of the Anchor Duck Cotton Mills, of which he has served continuously as president and which under his direction has become one of the most important indus trial concerns of Rome and also of Northwestern Georgia. In the modern and well equipped plant of this corporation employment is given to a corps of about 500 persons, and this fact indicates that the enterprise is one of great material advantage to the city in which it is esablished. The mills manufacture cotton duck and other products of similar order, and the high grade of the output assures the further expansion of the already large business, the operating company having been incorporated in the year 1900. Mr. Glover has still further contributed to the industrial and commercial precedence of his home city through becoming an jncorporator and director of the Hanks Stove Foundry, which has a plant of modern mechanical equip ment and other facilities and which constitutes another valuable adjunct to the industrial activities of Rome, employment being given to a force averag ing from sixty to seventy-five men.
Vitally interested in all that touches the communal welfare and the general government of state and nation, Mr. Glover is found aligned as a stanch and well fortified supporter of the principles of the democratic patry, and his civic loyalty has been shown through his effective service of four years, 1888-92. as a member of the board of county commissioners' of Floyd County; as a member of the city council, 1896-8; and as a member of the municipal board of public works, 1905-6, within which period was completed the first modern street paving in Rome. Mr. Glover is affiliated with the timehonored Masonic fraternity and is a deacon of the Baptist Church in his home city, both he and his wife being zealous and influential members of the same,
Mr. Glover is fully in touch with the spirit of modern progress, main tains a vital interest in the affairs of the day, and that he has not permitted

2254

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

lapses in vigorous optimism and worthy relaxation from business cares and exactions is shown by the fact that he has the characteristic proclivities of the true "fan" and thoroughly enjoys witnessing a good game of baseball. In company with his wife and their two unmarried daughters, Mr. Glover usually passes the winter seasons in Florida, and in the assembly season they make occasional trips to Chautauqua, New York.
The domestic chapter in the life history of Mr. Glover has been one of ideal -relations and covers a period of more than forty years. On the 29th of September, 1872, was solemnized his marriage to Miss Sarah J. Johnson, a schoolmate of his youthful days in Cherokee County, Alabama. Mrs. Glover was born in North Carolina and was a child at the time of the family removal to Alabama, where her parents, Asa and Mary (Allison) Johnson, passed the residue of their lives. Mr. and Mrs. Glover became the parents of seven children, all of whom were born at Rome, and concerning them brief record is given as the concluding data of this review: Joseph P. is vice president of -the Simpson Grocery Company; James is engaged with the Glover "White Manufacturing Company at Rome; John is treasurer and general superintendent of the Rome Oil & Fertilizer Company; Julius is a principal and executive of the Caldwell Printing Company of this city; Alice is the wife of Mortimer Griffin, of Rome; and Jessie and Joy remain at the parental home, both being popular factors in the social life of their native city, and are great church and Sunday school workers all over this section of Georgia.

NANCY HART, one of the notable figures of the Revolution in Georgia, and in many respects a most remarkable woman, was probably a native of North Carolina. Her early history is little known. Her maiden name was Morgan. She was probably a woman of middle age at the time of the Revolution. She married Benjamin Hart, a brother of Col. Thomas Hart, who became promi nent in Kentucky. One of his daughters married Henry Clay, another became Mrs. Prindle, and yet another Mrs. James Brown. Thomas Hart Benton, the famous Missouri senator,, who for thirty years filled a seat in the United States Senate, and was a statesman of wide reputation, was a nephew of Thomas and Benjamin Hart,
When the Revolutionary war broke out, Benjamin Hart and his wife Nancy were living in Elbert County, Georgia, War Woman's Creek, in that county, was named in honor of Nancy Hart, and later the Legislature of Georgia named Hart County in her honor because of her exploits and her patriotism. She was a masculine woman in build, six feet in height, as strong as a man, could shoot her rifle as well as any of the backwoodsmen, and could chop off her log in competition with the best axeman. Illiterate and unsophis ticated, possessed of a fierce temper, a bitter hater of Tories and British, a devoted patriot and lover of liberty, detesting the settlements and preferring to live on the extreme frontier, it must be confessed that despite her strong qualities, she was not a lovable personage. Here character was summed up by one of her compatriots who had lived near her many years, in looking at the spot where her cabin had once stood, in these words: "Poor*Nancy, she was a honey of a patriot, but the devil of a wife."

WILLIAM HENRY HEAD, of Forsyth, Georgia, was born in South Carolina on May 9,1829. The Mexican war broke out when he was in his seventeenth year and he enlisted in the First Georgia Regiment, serving from the bom bardment of Vera Cruz to the capture of the City of Mexico. Returning after the Mexican war, he took up the life of a planter, serving as sheriff of Jasper County, and becoming a well-known citizen. The outbreak of the war between the states carried him into the Confederate army as a member of the Sixth Georgia State Troops, W. A. Lofton, colonel. He was thus a veteran of two

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2255

wars before he was forty years old. In 1869 he moved to Forsyth. His business operations in Forsyth were successful, and he established a private bank which in 1874 he changed into the W. H. Head Banking Company, of which he was president and the controlling force until his death, September 7, 1887. In 1882 and 1883 he represented Monroe County in the General
Assembly.
OSCAR A. Nix. Commencing his career when a mere lad as a worker in the farming districts and a teacher in the country schools, Oscar A. Nix has steadily advanced himself to a position of prominence among the lawyers of Gwimictt County. During the attainment of this position he has passed through diversified experiences and varying fortunes, but the self-reliance, determination and ambition that led him upon an independent career of his youth, have supported and sustained him, and he today possesses a prestige that is all the lucre satisfactory because it is entirely self gained.
Mr. Nix was born in Gwinnett County, Georgia, December 18, 1875, and is a son of II. A. and Mary Frances (Julian) Nix, natives of this state. The parents were reared and educated in Georgia and after their marriage settled at Grayson, Gwinnett County, where H. A. Nix engaged in agriculture and mercantile lines and where he is still living at the age of sixty-six years, one of-the-substantial men of his community. Mrs. Nix died in Gwinnett County in 1897, at the age of forty-six years. She was the mother of thirteen children, of whom Oscar A. was the second in order of birth.
The public schools of his native locality furnished Oscar A. Nix with the foundation of his educational training, and he was but a boy when he left home, determined to work out his own career. He obtained employment as a farm hand and worked thus during the long summer months, in the mean time preparing himself so that he could become a teacher. In the winter terms he had charge of a country school, which he taught until the spring, and then took up farming again, continuing to spend his time thus until he had accumulated the means with which to attend the state normal school, at Athens. From youth it had been his ambition to enter the law, and when he had left the normal school he again took up school teaching until he had the capital to take him through a legal course at Mercer University, from which he was duly graduated with his degree, in 1898.
At the time of his graduation, Mr. Nix came 'to Lawrenceville, opened an office, and began the practice of his profession in a modest way. He was not to be left long unrecognized, however, and in a short time he was the recipient of the best kind of business that can come to a young lawyer. From that time to the'present his practice has grown in size, importance and the emoluments that go with extensive practice, and among his fellow-prac titioners he is known as an opponent to be respected and an associate to be valued. He belongs to the various organizations of the law and is a close student of practice and precedents. Politically a democrat, he is one of the. leaders of his party in Gwinnett County, which he has represented in the lower house of the Georgia Legislature, in 1905, 1906, 1907, 1908, 1911 and 1912. During this time he was able to secure for his constituents some much needed legislation and was accounted one of the working members of that distinguished body. Fraternally, Mr. Nix has shown an interest in the affairs and activities of several orders, and is a popular member of the Masons, Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Improved Order of Red Men. He is the owner of several highly productive cotton plantations in Gwinnett County, which, although only yielding a medium crop in 1915 produced 150 bales which Mr. Nix marketed. He also has other valuable realty at Lawrenceville, expressing his confidence in the future welfare of the community by his investments.
In August. 1900, Mr. Nix was married to Miss Mary Frances McConnell,
Vol. IV 27

2256

^BORGIA AND GEORGIANS

daughter of Moses and Mary Me Conn ell, who were well known farming people of Gwinnett County and are now deceased. Four children have been born to this union, namely: Roy McConnell, born September .14, 1901, who is attending school: Mary Frances, born in 1905, also a public school student; Julia, born in 1907; and Oscar A., born March 28, 1912, all at Lawrenceville.
WEBSTER P. EZZARD, M. D. One of the most reliable and progressive of the younger members of the Gwinnett County medical profession, who stands high in professional ability and as a man of broad business judgment, is Dr. Webster P. Ezzard, who since 1906 has been engaged in practice at Law renceville. Holding prestige in the ranks of his calling by reason of superior natural ability, aided by a thorough training and broad sympathy, Doctor Ezzard is firmly established in the confidence of the people of his adopted community.
Webster P. Ezzard was born in Forsyth County, Georgia, February 18, 1879, arid is a son of George W. and Mary Frances (Perry) Ezzard, natives of this state, George W. Ezzard was born near Auburn, Gwinnett County, Georgia, and has passed his life in farming, being one of the well known planters of his community in Forsyth County, where he still survives at the advanced age of eighty-three years. During the entire period of the war between the North and the South, Mr. Ezzard fought in the Confederate army, being captain of a company in a regiment of Georgia volunteer infan try, and participated in numerous engagements, including the battles in front of Atlanta, when the Gray were opposing the advance of the Un!io<n General Sherman, and the conflict at Chickamauga, where he received a gun shot wound. He continued as an active and faithful soldier until the close of hostilities when he returned to his home and again took up the duties and labors of peace. Mrs. Ezzard, who was born in Milton County, Georgia, died'July 18, 1916, at her home near Elizabeth, Georgia, There were six children in the family, as follows: Emma, who became the wife of W. A. Cole, of Tucker, Georgia; Henry H., who is engaged in school teaching, and is a graduate of the University of Georgia; Oscar P., who is engaged in farm ing in Forsyth County; John T., who is a practicing attorney of Claremore, Oklahoma; Dr. Webster P., of this review; and Maud M., who is the wife of Arthur Westbrook, of Birmingham, Georgia.
The early education of Webster P. Ezzard was secured in the public schools of Hampton, Henry County, Georgia, following which he did some preparatory work and then entered the Atlanta College of Physicians and Surgeons. He was graduated from that institution with his degree in 1903, and at that time took up the practice of his calling in Forsyth County, where, in the country districts he ministered to' a large number of patients for 3% years. This gave him excellent experience, of the most diversified character, and finally, feeling that he was qualified to enter practice in a broader field, he came to Lawrenceville, where he has continued to the present time. He has a well equipped and finely appointed office, where he has a large medical library and all instruments and apparatus for conducting the most delicate work of his profession, and continues to be a close and careful student, keep ing fully abreast of all the changes and advances made in the science of medi cine and surgery. He stands high in the esteem and regard'of his fellowpractitioners and is a valued and popular member of the Gwinnett County Medical Society, the Georgia State Medical Society, the Ninth District Med ical Association and the American Medical Association. In 1912, in connec tion with his practice he established a drug store at Lawrenceville, in part nership with Mr. Montgomery, and this has grown into one of the flourishing enterprises of the city. Fraternally, Doctor Ezzard is connected with the Masons and the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, is a democrat in his political views, and religiously is a member of the Methodist Episcopal

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2257

Church. He is a stalwart supporter of beneficial movements of a civic nature, and is a friend of education, progress and good citizenship.
On August 6, 1905, Doctor Ezzard was married to Miss Clara V. Jones, of Forsyth County, Georgia, daughter of Walter W. Jones, a farmer and planter of that county. To this union there have come three children: Dorothy M., born in 1907, in Forsyth County, and now attending the public school; Winn W., born in 1909, at Lawrenceville; and Clara Virginia, born in 1912, at Lawrenceville.

HON. GEORGE WASHINGTON LOKEY. A great historian once said, "The history of a country is best told in a record of the lives of its people, ' and this saying applies with equal force to any separate community, whether city, county or state. Among the citizens of McDuffie County, Georgia, whose lives are worthy of record as a component part of its history is George Washington Lokey, of Thomson, who is now holding the position of county ordinary. Mr. Lokey was born in McDuffie County, January 8, 1873, the son of Samuel and Jane (Garrison) Lokey, both parents being natives of Georgia. The father was a blacksmith and farmer by occupation, who served four years in' the Confederate army. After the war he settled down to farming in McDuffie County, where the family continued to reside until 1875, at which time they moved to Augusta. Here Samuel Lokey engaged in blacksmithing- and wagon manufacturing and was thus occupied until 1898, when he sold out and, returning to his farm, remained there until his death, at the age of sixty-three years. His widow, who is now seventy-four years old, having been born in 1841, resides with her son, Charles E. Lokey. She is a Methodist in religion, as was also her husband, both being active in church work. Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Lokey were the parents of eight children, four of whom died in childhood, the others being as follows: Walter, deceased, who for a number of years was actively engaged in farming in McDuffie County; Carrie L. first married Harrison Mangum, by whom she had four children Clara, Lulu, Hillery and Byron. After Mr. Mangum's death she became the wife of Colin King and now resides at Grovetown, Georgia. George Washington, the next in order of birth, is the subject of this article and will be more particularly mentioned herein. William, a railroad engineer, married Annie Johnson and resides at Augusta, Georgia, He has five children.
George W. Lokey was educated in the public schools of Augusta, which he attended until reaching the age of seventeen years. He then began to assist his father on the farm and in the ginning business, continuing in this line of industry until several years after the father's death. He then gave up the ginning business and has since devoted himself to agriculture, having a fine thirteen-plow farm, and successfully raising cotton, corn and water melons. In 1913 he was elected to the office of ordinary, in which he is still serving, and which he has filled to the entire satisfaction of the people, having a peculiar tact in bringing about the settlement of estates without resort to the courts, or to a lawyer's office. In politics he is a stanch democrat, while religiously he is affiliated with the Methodist Church, in which he has been a Sunday school teacher for fifteen years.
Mr. Lokey was married in McDuffie County to Miss Julia Lee Culpepper, the daughter of Washington and Cassie Culpepper. Their home has been blessed by the advent of eight children, seven living: Winnie Dell, Allene, Earl, Harold, Leonard, Ruth (deceased), George Washington, Jr., and James. Mr. Lokey may fitly be called a self-made man, as he owes what he is chiefly to his own exertions. He is generally recognized as one of the most progres sive citizens of Thomson, taking a keen interest in the welfare of the city and county, being in favor of all modern improvements, such as a water system, new jail, sewerage, and a worker for good roads and .whatever will

2258

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

make Thomson and McDuffie County a more attractive place to live in.- Pros pective settlers writing him for information in regard to local conditions and opportunities are cheerfully answered, fully and without exaggeration. As a man of high character, correct morals and genial disposition, his popularity is as great as it is well deserved.

REV. ARCHIBALD A. LITTLE, D. D. As pastor of one of the important metropolitan churches of the South, the Westminster Presbyterian Church of Atlanta, and as chairman of the Executive Committee of Presbyterian
Home Missions of the Atlanta Presbytery, Doctor Little wields large and benignant influence, the same being fortified alike by his distinguished intel lectual attainments, his consecrated zeal and devotion and his marked executive ability, the while his gracious personality, his broad- views, and his abiding human sympathy have been potent in gaining and retaining to him the con fidence and high esteem of those with whom he has come in contact in the varied relations of a signally sincere, steadfast and useful career. He has naught of intellectual bigotry or intolerance, and thus his stewardship in the directing of human motive and action has been the more fruitful and benignant. He is a loyal and public-spirited man of high civic ideals, and both in his church and in general social relations he makes his influence prolific for good.
In the beautiful and historic old City'of Richmond, Virginia, a city which, like Rome, sits enthroned upon her seven hills, Dr. Archibald Alexander Little was bom on the 28th of April, 1860, a son of Dr. John Peyton Little and Janet (Cringan) Little, his father having been a distinguished physician in the Vir ginia capital city and metropolis for many years and a scion of one of the patrician colonial families of the Old Dominion, the original English progeni tors of the Little family having come to America in the colony of Lord Fairfax and having settled in Northern Virginia. John Little, grandfather of him whose name initiates this review, wedded Miss Arabella Alexander, of Wilmington, Delaware, she having been a daughter of Archibald Alexander, who was a cousin of Dr. Archibald Alexander, of Princeton, New Jersey, the latte having served as a surgeon in a regiment of the Continental Line in the W / of the Revolution, after the close of which he settled at Wilmington, Delaware, where he became a wealthy and influential citizen.
Dr. Archibald A. Little passed the period of his childhood and youth in Prince Edward County, Virginia, and his early educational discipline was acquired in private schools. In his native state he pursued his higher academic studies in fine old Hampden-Sidney College, in which he was graduated cum laucle and from which he received the degree of Bachelor of Arts. Thereafter he passed three years as an instructor in the University School of Richmond, Virginia. In preparation for the ministry of the Presbyterian Church he entered the Union Theological Seminary that was then established in Prince Edward County, Virginia, but which now has its seat in the City of Rich mond, and in addition to attending this institution he pursued a further course in Austin Theological Seminary, at Austin, Texas, in which institution he served as tutor of Greek and Hebrew, in 1885-86. In 1886, at Gordonsville, Virginia, Doctor Little was ordained to the ministry of the Presbyterian Church, after which he assumed the pastorate of the churches of this denom ination at Gordonsville and Orange. Later he received from his alma mater, Hampden-Sidney College, after consistent postgraduate work, the supple mental degree of Master of Arts, and the honorary degree of Doctor of Divinity was conferred upon him by the Southwestern Presbyterian University, at
Clarksville, Tennessee. The pastoral work of Doctor Little has been successful along both spiritual
and temporal lines, and he has become one of the representative figures in the General councils of the Presbyterian Church. In 1889 he assumed the

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2259

pastorate of the Moore Manorial Church, in Atlanta, but he retained this charge only one year. For three years he served as evangelist of the Synod of Virginia; and for six years he was pastor of the church at Steele Creek, Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, this being the largest rural Presby terian Church in the entire South. For seven years the Doctor held fhe important pastorate of the First Presbyterian Church of Selma, Alabama, and he has been pastor of the Westminster Presbyterian Church of. Atlanta since 1908. He was moderator of the Synod of Georgia in 1913, is now chairman of the Executive Committee of Home Missions of the Atlanta Pres bytery, is a member of the directorate of the Columbia Theological Seminary, and is an editorial contributor on the staff of the periodical entitled the
Presbyterian of the South. On the 14th of October. 1901, Doctor Little married Miss Nannie Gordon
Scott, of Richmond, Virginia, and of the five children of this union four are living: Janet T., T. Wharey, Mary Parrish, and Archibald Alexander, Jr. Mrs. Little was summoned to the life eternal in 1905, and on the 7th of October, 1908, was solemnized the marriage of Doctor Little to Mrs. Cora (Hooper) Stoddard, of Selma, Alabama, she being a kinswoman of the well known Hooper, Ward and Candler families of Northern Georgia.

WILLIAM L. TRAYNHAM. A resident of Georgia from his boyhood and

identified with business activities in the City of Atlanta for more than forty

years, Colonel Traynham, as he is familiarly known, has achieved through his

own ability and well ordered endeavors a measure of material success that

places him among the most substantial capitalists of the Georgia metropolis,

where he has long been a leader in the lumber trade and where -he has con

tributed in large and significant degree to the progress and upbuilding of

the city. In his gracious personality he fully suggests the fine old-time

southern regime, and in his manifold business activities and material enter

prise he may well be said to have stood exponent of the best type of latter-

day initiative energy and progressiveness. He has been essentially one of

the builders of the greater Atlanta, has ordered his course on the highest

plane of integrity and honor, and has the fullest measure of popular con

fidence and esteem in the city and state which he has dignified by his char

acter and his achievement. The colonel is the president of the Traynham

Lumber Company, the owner of a great amount of valuable real estate in

Atlanta, upon much of which he has made excellent building improvements,

and he is interested largely in agricultural operations both in Georgia and

South Carolina. It is both a matter of consistency and of definite satisfac

tion to be able to present in this publication brief review of the career of this

honored and representative citizen, who has but recently attained to the

psalmist's span of three score years and ten and whose mental and physical

vigor show /the fortunate results of right living and right thinking.

William Lafayette Traynham was born in Laurens District, South Caro

lina, on the 18th of April, 1845, and is a son of Benjamin G. and Mahala

(Riley) Traynham. The paternal grandfather of Colonel Traynham was

James Traynham, and the latter's father, David Traynham, a sturdy Scots

man,/ emi*g+j rated from the land of hills and heather and settled in Virgoinia

\

in the colonial era of our national history, representatives of the family

having removed from the Old Dominion into South Carolina about 1793. It

is supposed that the maternal ancestors of Colonel Traynham immigrated

from Ireland, and those familiar with the man and his attributes of char

acter can readily realize that he is of the staunch Scotch-Irish stock that has

been a potent force in the development of the Great American republic.

In 1850, when Colonel Traynham was a lad of five years, his parents

removed from South Carolina to Georgia and settled in the Oak Hill District,

near Covington, Newton County, whence they later removed to DeKalb

County. His father was a man of sterling character and industrious habits,

2260

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

but lie was never able to attain to financial prosperity, the record of his career having been virtually the "short and simple annals of the poor." Apropos of this statement it is but consistent to give narration of an incident that indicates the true filial solicitude of him to whom this sketch is dedicated. One of the proudest moments in the life of Colonel Traynham was when he was able to go to the rescue of his parents and relieve them from the grievous burden that ill fortune had imposed. His father had always been a poor man in a financial sense, and in the lean and unpropitious years that followed the Civil war had struggled unremittingly to make a livelihood as a farmer, the son in the meanwhile having rapidly progressed toward the goalvof definite financial independence. Finally the father purchased a farm, but about the only compensation he was able to offer in the transaction was the placing of a mortgage on the property. With the .passing of years he was barely able to evolve from the farm, a meager subsistence for himself and his wife, and the payment of interest and principal on the mortgage proved to him in the realm of the impossible. Finally the mortgage was foreclosed and the title to the property reverted to the original owner. When it seemed that in their venerable years the parents had no recourse save to leave their home and start anew their weary struggles, their son, Col. William L. Trayn ham. .learned of their predicament and forthwith took action. Without informing his parents of his intention, the colonel went to the man who held the mortgage upon and title to the farm, and then purchased the property outright. After having the deed duly recorded he proceeded with the same to the home of his parents, who forthwith began to tell him of their desperate straits, and it was a proud and happy moment to him when he drew from his pocket the deed to the farm and explained to his parents that he was the owner of the property and that they could there remain in peace "and comfort during the residue of their lives if they so desired. The mutual happiness insured by this considerate filial action can better be appreciated than
described. Reverting to the youth of Colonel Traynham, it may be stated that his
early educational advantages were those afforded in a somewhat desultory attendance in the common schools of Newton and DeKalb counties. He was sixteen years of age at the time of the inception of the Civil war and his youthful loyalty prompted him to endeavors to enlist in defense of the Confederacy, but he was so light in weight that the recruiting officials refused to permit him to enlist. Concerning his course under these conditions the following statements have been written: "Like David, however, he would not be altogether denied, and so he went along with the army to northern Vir ginia, a part of the time being with Major Thomas, of Lawrenceville, Georgia. In the summer of .1868 the Confederate authorities found work for him in the powder and general ammunition factory at Augusta, this state, and from time to time until the close of the war he was able to aid the cause of the Southern States effectively, for though he was not permitted to take up arms against the enemy he had the privilege of making ammunition that proved equally effective in the hands of those who were able to be in the ranks of the brave sons on the stage of military activities. The colonel recalls as hav ing been among his associates at this climacteric period in the history of his loved Southland such men as Rev. George Smith, D. D., of Athens, and Dr. Eldridge, of Americus, the names of both later became familiar words in all parts of Georgia."
From the middle period of the war between the states until 1871 Colonel Traynham maintained his home in Warren County, where, in 1865, he acquired his first, business experience, in connection with the operation of a sawmill and the carrying forward of a building enterprise. With these lines of industry lie continued to be identified in that county until 1871, when he removed to Atlanta, where he engaged in the operation of a sawmill and

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2261

in handling builders' supplies. For many years the firm of Traynham & Ray, with offices located in a shabby old building on Decatur Street, held leadership in the retail lumber business in Atlanta. It has well been said
that the business developed by this firm was always a matter of wonderment to the casual observer. There was no hurry, no bustle, no excitement. It seemed to move along in a slow and sober way, yet the business was of large volume, the profits good, and the members of the firm came to be numbered among the wealthy men of the city. A number of years ago the partnership was dissolved and each Mr. Ray and Colonel Traynham engaged in the same line of enterprise in an individual way. Colonel Traynham about this time effected the organization of the Tra/nham Lumber Company, of which he still remains the executive head, though his sons now have the active super vision of the extensive and prosperous business.
When Colonel Traynham came to Atlanta, nearly forty-five years ago, his resources were very limited, as already noted, and after his marriage, in 1873, he and his wife established their home in a diminutive two-room house which he had erected in South Atlanta and which was unplastered and otherwise crude in the extreme. The building still stands and is still owned by the colonel. After the lapse of one year he erected on the same lot a five-room cottage, to which he and his devoted wife removed, and this continued to be the family domicile for the ensuing ten years. In 1882 Colonel Traynham purchased, for a consideration of $1,800, a lot at the corner of Peachtree Street and Ponce de Leon Avenue, the rapid appreciation in the values of property on Peachtree Street being indicated by the fact that only two years previously he had been offered the same lot for $600 and that it had been sold for even less, the sum of $450, about that time. On this lot he erected a substantial and attractive residence at a cost of $10,000, and this continued to be the family home for a quarter of a century, at the expiration of which he sold the property for $20,000. He then, about 1905, showed his confidence in the further development along what was then known as Peachtree Road, by purchasing a tract of ten pcres amidst the undulating, sylvan wilds about six miles beyond the city limits, the tract being covered with fine native timber and being in a most attractive and picturesque district, now within the corporate limits of the city, his residence on this property bearing the number-of 1391 Peachtree Street, His beautiful home lies on the east side of the street and is but one block distant from the site of Washington Seminary, one of Georgia's leading schools for girls and young women. For this ten acres of gently undulating and finely wooded land the colonel paid $25,000, and on the same he erected his idyllic colonial residence, which is essentially modern in architectural design, in equipment and appointments, and which is one of the really palatial homes of the fair Southland, as well as one of the show places of Atlanta.
Colonel Traynham has been the leading spirit in the development and upbuilding of this beautiful residence district of the Georgia metropolis, and his spacious home is a center of most gracious hospitality and of much of the representative social activity of the community. On the same 10-acre tract he has recently completed the erection of a series of six substantial and modern houses, each of ten rooms, this row of houses fronting on Brook wood Avenue, and the colonel retaining possession of the same, which he will have no diffi culty in renting constantly to desirable tenants, for few houses of such con venience and attractiveness are offered for rent in desirable sections of Atlanta.
At the close of the Civil war Colonel Traynham found his cash capital was summed up in $1.50, and he soon found employment at railroad work, at the princely salary of $18 a month. Today he is rated as one of Atlanta's wealthiest capitalists, and in addition to owning valuable realty in various parts of the city lie is the owner of fine farm property in Georgia and South

2262

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

Carolina, as previously noted. The immense plant of the Traynham Lumber Company is on the south side of the city, and the colonel owns a tract of twenty-five acres, all within the city limits. Upon this tract he maintains the lumber plant and has also erected twenty excellent houses for renting purposes. He is a man of quiet and unassuming ways, of genial and urbane manners and of kindly consideration for others, the while his business judgment seems virtually infallible. Prosperity has followed his every business undertaking and he himself has stated that he seems to have had a "natural knack of making money." When a boy he was always trafficking and speculating buying little pieces of merchandise of various kinds and selling them at a profit. Every penny he thus accumulated he turned over to his mother, and in later years, with his great experience and maturity of judgment, he has manifested the same policy of buying at as low a figure as possible and selling at an advance, much of his success being attributed to his circumspection in such transactions.
Though never an aspirant for office, Colonel Traynham accords unswerving allegiance to the democratic party, and as a citizen he is liberal and public spirited, with a due appreciation of the personal stewardship which success involves. Both he and his wife are zealous and valued members of St. Mark's Church, Methodist Episcopal, South, and he holds the office of steward of the same.
On the 23d of October, 1873, was solemnized the marriage of Colonel
Traynham to Miss Sarah T. Ivey, daughter of William, and Susan (Hum
phries) Ivey, and this gracious gentlewoman has proved a devoted companion
and helpmeet to her husband during the long years of their ideal married life. They became the parents of nine children: Mamie is the wife of John C.
Simpson; Maude is the wife of Eugene Hancock; Arthur is deceased; William B. is associated with his father's business and capitalistic interests,
as are also the younger sons; Lillian remains at the parental home; Edward L.
is the active manager of the lumber business of the Traynham Lumber Com
pany; and Herbert, Lawrence and Dorothy are the younger children. Her
bert is associated with his brother William B. in extensive farming operations
near Americus, Sumter County.

CHARLES ROBERT WINSHIP. Every community especially prosperous will be found to shelter manufacturing industries, and far-sighted business men are prone to invest in sections where manufacturing enterprises have been built from small beginnings to large proportions. Capital requires labor, labor distributes money, money builds railroads, schools, churches and homes, and thus the path of prosperity is opened and the commerce of the world invited. A very important move was made in this direction at Atlanta as far back as 1853, when Joseph Winship built his little gin factory on the site now occupied by the Continental Gin Company, at the corner of Foundry Street and the W. & A. Railroad. This industry has had a continuous exist ence, with a short interval, from that time to the present and always the property of the same family and now represents one of the pioneer business, enterprises of this section. Three generations of AVinships have been inter ested, the present able manager being Charles Robert Winship, the grandson of the founder.
Charles Robert Winship was born December 18, 1863, in the City of Atlanta, Georgia, and this city has been his chosen home thus far in life. His parents were Robert and Mary Frances (Overby) Winship, and his paternal grandparents were Joseph and Emily (Hutchins) Winship. To the grand parents three sons and six daughters were born: Emily. Mary, Sallie, Nellie. Maria, Alice, John, Robert and George, the last named being the only surviving son.
Robert Winship, father of Charles Robert, was born at Forsyth, Monroe

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2263

County, Georgia, September 27, 1834, and died at Atlanta, September 8, 1899. In December, 1860, he was married to Mary Frances Overby, who was born at Jefferson, Georgia, January 16, 1842, and who died September 26, 1915. Her father was Judge Basil H. Overby and in her childhood he removed with his family to Atlanta. To Robert AYinship and wife five children were born, one of whom died in infancy, the others being: Charles Robert, who is manager of the Continental Gin Company, Atlanta; Emily Caroline, who is the wife of Ernest Woodruff; Maria Elizabeth, who is the widow of W. A. Bates; and Mary Frances, who is the widow of George Calhoun AValters, formerly of Atlanta. ; Old residents of Atlanta easily recall Judge Basil H. Overby because of his distinguished services on bench and bar and because of his many years of residence on the corner of Marietta and Spring streets, where now stands the John Silvey wholesale dry goods establishment.
Charles Robert Winship was educated in the Boys' High School at Atlanta and in the North Georgia Agricultural College at Dahlonega, Georgia, Upon leaving college in 1883, when nineteen years old, he immediately entered the firm of Winship & Bro., this firm then being composed of his father, his uncle Robert and his uncle George Winship. The firm was then conducting a large machine shop and cotton gin factory on Foundry Street and the West ern & Atlantic Railroad.
The history of the business now operated under the name of the Con tinental Gin Company, with general headquarters at Birmingham, Alabama, operating a half dozen plants in the manufacturing of cotton gins, and its Atlanta branch, is full of interest, bringing to mind the enterprise and the sturdy character of Atlanta's old business men.
In 1853 Joseph Winship established his cotton gin factory on the corner of Foundry Street as before stated and soon afterward admitted in copart nership, his brother, Isaac AYinship, and his two sons, Robert and George Winship, the firm becoming Joseph AVinship and Company. During the war between the states, Robert Winship was detailed to manufacture guns, shot and shell, so the force of the establishment in this way rendered important service to the Confederate army. When the City of Atlanta was destroyed by the invading forces in 1864, the Winship works were involved in the general ruin, but after the close of the war, the plant was rebuilt and manufacturing was carried on with increased activity.
In 1866 Isaac Winship moved to Macon. Georgia, his interest having been purchased by Joseph Winship, who continued the business with his two sons, Robert and George, until January, 1869, when Joseph AA7inship retired. The business was then continued by the sons, Robert and George, under the style of Winship & Bro., until December 23, 1884, when the Winship Machine Company was incorporated under the laws of the State of Georgia, with a capital stock of $200,000. The incorporators were: Robert AVinship, George Winship, Charles Robert AA7inship, R. E. Rushton, F. H. Schenck and C. J. Hancock, the- officers elected being: George AArinship, president; Robert Winship, vice president, and R. E. Rushton, secretary. Years brought about changes, Robert Winship retiring from business in 1890, on account of fail ing health, at which time Charles Robert AVinship succeeded as vice president. In 1895 George Winship resigned as president of the company, retiring also from business and he died in April, 1916, and Charles Robert Winship was elected president. The business continued under the above changes until December 1, 1899, when the plant was taken over by the Continental Gin Company, becoming then a branch of the same. For sixty-two years this business has been in existence and has been developed into one of the largestmanufacturing concerns of the South. From its beginning the manufactured products have included: freight ; cars, cotton ginning machinery, steam engines and boilers, horse-power engines, cane mills, syrup kettles, shafting, pulleys, hangers and iron and brass castings.

2264

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

On April 10, 1890, Charles R. Winship was united in marriage with Miss Ida Atkins, who was born at Athens. Tennessee, and is a daughter of Joseph W. Atkins, who was formerly a hat merchant in the wholesale line at Atlanta. Mr. and Mrs. Winship have three daughters: Emily, who is now the wife of Hugh McDaniel Scott, an able member of the Atlanta bar; and Ida the wife of Donald T, MacKinnon, an attorney, and Mary Frances, who resides at home. All the young ladies have had exceptional educational and social advantages, and are all graduates of Mount Vernon Seminary, an exclusive school at Washington, D. C., and all three are graduates of Washington Sem inary, Atlanta. The family belongs to the First Presbyterian Church at Atlanta, Mr. Winship being a member of the board of deacons. He finds needed recreation as a jnember of the Capital City and the Piedmont Driving clubs, he is active and useful as a member of the Atlanta Chamber of Commerce,' and is a director in both the Trust Company of Georgia and Oglethorpe University. In his continuous identification with large business inter ests, Mr. Winship has displayed unflagging energy and great executive ability and lias ever afforded an example of honest purpose and high ideals. He belongs to that class of men who contribute to all movements for the general welfare and for the furtherance of benevolence, education, temperance and morality.

EDWARD PORTER ALEXANDER. One of the strongest figures in Georgia during the war between the states, and who after the war was notable by his work of assisting to rebuild the shattered fortunes of the people, was Brig.Gen. Edward Porter Alexander. General Alexander was born at Washington, Wilkes County, Georgia, May 26, 1835. After preliminary training, he was at the proper age appointed cadet in the United States Military Academy at West Point, and was graduated in 1857 as Brevet Second Lieutenant in the corps of engineers. The fact that he graduated as an engineer shows that he won high rank at West Point, and this is further evidenced by his immediate appointment after graduation as an assistant instructor in practical military engineering. In March, 1858, he was assigned to duty with the Utah Expedition. Returning from that expedition, in the winter of that year he resumed his duties at the Academy, first as assistant instructor, next as assistant professor of engineering; then as instructor in the use of small arms, military gymnastics, etc., and finally was attached to a company of engineer troops at West Point. He served in these capacities until 1860, when he was made a member of the board for the trial of small arms and assistant engineer and was stationed at Fort Steilacoom, Washington, in charge of the harbor improvements and fortifications at that point, his brother-in-law, Gen. Jeremy F. Gilmer, being at that time United States engineer in charge of the Pacific Coast. Like the vast majority of the army officers from the South, General Alexander was in full sympathy with his home people, and when war appeared inevitable, he resigned his commission in the United States Army and east his lot with the Confederacy, being commissioned April 3, 1861, Captain of Engineers of the Confederate Army. For a month in midsummer of 1861 he served on the staff of General Beauregard as engineer and chief of signal service, acting in this capacity at the first battle of Manassas. He was commissioned Lieutenant Colonel of Artillery in December, 1861, and Colonel of Artillery in December, 1862. Prior to that, he had served for a time as Chief of Ordnance of the Army of Northern Virginia. On November 8, 1862, he was placed in command of a batallion of artillery composed of the batteries of Eubanks, Gordon, Moody, Parker, Rhett and AVoolfolk. At Fredericksburg he so arranged his battalion of artillery as to sweep every approach to Marye 's Hill. At Chaneellorsville, his batallion was again in active service. At Gettysburg he commanded the reserve artillery of Longstreet's corps, and with his batallion prepared the way for Pickett's

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2265

great charge on the third day of that historic struggle. When Longstreet was detached and sent to Georgia and Tennessee, in September, 1863, Colonel Alex ander was assigned to duty with him, but did not reach Chickamauga in time to participate in the battle. Hei acted as chief of artillery for Longstreet in the Knoxville campaign and in all the subsequent movements in Tennessee. On February 26, 1865, he was commissioned Brigadier-General; assigned to the command of all artillery of Longstreet's corps; served in that capacity until the surrender at Appomattox, and participated in all the battles of the last fierce struggle.
At the close of the war, in which General Alexander had won a brilliant reputation as a soldier, being rated as one of the best artillery officers on either side, he became professor of mathematics and of civil and military engineering in the University of South Carolina from January, 1866, to October, 1869. He then entered business life as president of the Columbia Oil Company, holding that position from October, 1869, to May, 1871. At that time he had begun a successful career as a railroad man. He became superintendent of the Charlotte, Columbia and Augusta Railroad, serving only a few months in that capacity, when he was made president of the Savannah and Memphis Railroad, which position he filled until 1875. He then became president and general manager of the Western Railroad of Alabama and the Georgia Rail road and Banking Company. The year 1880 found him vice president of the Louisville and Nashville Railroad. In 1883, he was appointed a capitol com missioner of the State of Georgia, serving five years; and this commission had to its credit the building of one of the best state capitols ever erected for the money. From 1885 to 1887 General Alexander was a "government director of the Union Pacific Railroad/' and in 1887 he became president of the Central Railroad and Banking Company and the Ocean Steamship Company, serving in this dual capacity until 1893. From 1898 to 1902 he served as ''engineer arbitrator of boundary survey between Nicaragua and Costa Rica." His reputation as a railroad man had become known all through the land and resulted in his preparing for some of the legislative bodies and public service commissions a treatise on railway practice. This treatise, covering various arguments before public service commissions, legislative bodies, and chambers of commerce, was a very able exposition of railroad questions twenty years ago. A versatile man and anxious to preserve proper historical knowledge of our great interstate struggle, he became the author of several valuable publica tions bearing upon the war. among which may be noted: "The Great Charge and Artillery Fighting at Gettysburg," "Longstreet at Knoxville," "How Great Battles of the War were Won and Lost." and a critical military history of the war between the states, called "Military Memoirs of a Confederate." The General died in Savannah, Georgia, April 28, 1910.

EX-JUDGE ELBRIDGE G. CABANISS of Atlanta, was of a noted Swiss Huguenot family, which was planted in Virginia at an early day. His father , moved first to North Carolina and, in 1797, to Georgia, The family home was near Penfield, in Greene County, and there, in 1802, Elbridge G. Cabaniss was born. In 1807, while Jones County was still a part of Baldwin, the family removed to it and bought a very handsome body of land near what is now Bradley's Station. Here the father, George Cabaniss died in 1815.
The youth was prepared for college at Hillsboro, became principal of an academy at Forsyth, studied law and began practice at Thomaston, Georgia, when twenty-five years of age. Although a lawyer by profession he preferred the office of clerk of the Superior Court to the general practice, and was elected to fill a vacancy in that office. From the clerk's office he went to the bench as judge of the Superior Court. Afterward the Court of Ordinary was established, and he was chosen as ordinary. He purchased a handsome home in Forsyth, and there all his children were born. He was one of

2266

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

Forsyth's most honored citizens. He was too old to go into the army, being near sixty when the Civil war was begun, but all his sons went into it at the first, and he filled a position as the collector of revenue for the Confederacy.
When the war was ended and the days of Reconstruction were over, and the State Railway was leased to private parties, Governor Brown, the president of the leasing company, chose him for auditor, and he removed to'Atlanta, where he died in 1872, in his seventy-second year.

HENRY LATIMER RUDOLPH, M. D. One of the leading young physicians of North Georgia, Henry Latimer Rudolph has a large and profitable practice at Gainesville, an influential and social business position, and is one of the men best fitted to bear the responsibilities of twentieth century citizenship.
Dr. Henry Latimer Rudolph was born at Gainesville, Georgia, August 10, 1879. His parents were Judge A. and Emma (Latimer) Rudolph. His father was born at Mantua, Ohio, came to Georgia in 1851 at the age of twenty-five, and identified himself with the Southern cause during the war between the states, and became a captain in a Georgia regiment. He took part in many of the stirring campaigns of that war, and though present at many points of danger escaped without wounds. After the war he became a successful mer chant at Gainesville, and for fourteen years was judge of ordinary of Hall County. His death occurred May 5, 1906, at the age of eighty-one years. His wife, who was born in Georgia, in 1845, is still living at the age of seventy years. Her father, Henry B. Latimer, was a prominent citizen of Atlanta, but for the last ten years of his life lived in Gainesville, where he died at the age of seventy-eight. Judge Rudolph had two children by a former marriage: Mrs. D. T. Quillian of Gainesville; and Dr. John B. Rudolph, the present mayor of Gainesville. Judge Rudolph married Miss Latimer in 1875. and' the three children of that marriage were: C. A. Rudolph, a Gainesville mer chant with the firm of J. C. McConnell & Company; Dr. Henry L.; and J. A., who was born in 1882 and is now assistant cashier of the Gainesville National Bank. Doctor Randolph's mother was reared in the City of Atlanta and prior to her marriage was a teacher in the high school of that city.
Doctor Rudolph attended the public schools' of Gainesville, the Georgia' School of Technology at Atlanta, and took his medical studies in the University of Maryland at Baltimore, where he remained four years and was graduated M. D. in 1902. For about a year he was assistant surgeon at the University Hospital in Baltimore, and in 1908 took up private practice at Gainesville with Dr. J. "W. Bailey, a relationship which continued until the death of. Doctor Bailey in 1910. Doctor Bailey was one of the leading specialists in Georgia and his wife was the aunt of Doctor Rudolph. Doctor Rudolph has a high position in professional circles, as indicated by his service as pres ident of the Hall County and the Ninth District Medical societies, and he is a member of the Ninth District and the State Medical societies and the Ameri can Medical Association. For the past thirteen years he has been attending physician at Brenau College in Gainesville. He is a director of the Gaines ville National Bank, is a Mason and Knight of Pythias, and a member of the Mystic Shrine at Atlanta. He also has membership in the Sigma Nu
fraternity. In June, 1915, Doctor Rudolph was married to Annie Louise Pagett, a
daughter of the late James Robert Pagett of a prominent family of Atlanta. Mrs. Rudolph is a graduate from the Brenau College Conservatory of Music in 1911, and prior to her marriage was one of the instructors in the con servatory in Gainesville, and a popular member in social circles both at
Atlanta and in the city which is now her home.

BENJAMIN- HILL MERCK. An unusual business record is that of Benjamin H. Merck, the well known wholesale grocer of Gainesville. Thirty-eight years

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2267

old, Mr. Merck has already accomplished a success that would seem impossible to men of less determination and energy. His early business career was beset by vicissitudes of a very trying nature, and he several times lost ground that he had gained by the hardest kind of fighting, and had to begin over again with only his experience as a net result of previous effort. He now has what is considered the largest wholesale grocery house of Northern Georgia, and also operates two branch houses, one at Winder and one at Commerce, Georgia. His assets give him an A-l rating among North Georgia business
men. Benjamin Hill Merck was born in Hall County, Georgia, April 8, 1877,
a son of Benjamin Anthony and Eliza A. (Moore) Merck. Both parents were born in Georgia. His father was a well known farmer and planter in Hall County and was active in that business from the age of eighteen until he finally retired to Gainesville, where he now lives at the age of sixty-five. The mother is living in Gainesville at the age of fifty-eight. The paternal grandfather, George G. Merck, spent all his life in Georgia, and prior to the war owned large landed estates with many slaves. His wife was Ann Thornton, whose parents probably came from England. The Moore family on the mother's side, was also a well known southern stock, and long identified with Georgia. Benjamin A. Merck and wife had seven children, five sons and two daughters, and two sons and one daughter are now deceased. F. C. Merck, one of the surviving sons, is a Gainesville business man as is also Ray Merck, while Jennie Bell is the wife of Mr. Dale and lives in Gainesville.
Benjamin Hill Merck, the oldest of the children, attended the public schools for one year, and then o7 '"^ to an injury sustained by his father was
obliged to take up some work Wi-ich would help support the family. Pie saved enough money to attend a local business college, from which he received a diploma, and then started with a small stock of retail groceries at Gaines ville. He had a partner, and soon after he sold his interest his former partner went into bankruptcy, throwing the responsibility for the debts of the part nership upon Mr. Merck, who paid the obligations in full. He established a brokerage business in 1901. The first year saw the business prospering, and
he then took in a partner and in 1902 established the B. IT. Merck & Company. His partner soon decided that they were doing too much business and decided to close Mm out and dissolve partnership. Mr. Merck adjusted matters and secured the interests of his retiring partner by notes that, should one become overdue, would forfeit the entire business. After twelve months Mr. Merck had succeeded in clearing up all the indebtedness represented by these notes, and had a balance in the bank. Thus his shrewdness, his energy, foresight
and business acumen enabled him to ward off what seemed sure disaster. From that point he has continued steadily to prosper, and now has one of the largest stocks of general grocery supplies in Northern Georgia, the stock value of the combined houses being about $50,000, with outstanding accounts
to the same amount. He keeps seven traveling salesmen covering the entire section of Northern Georgia, the branch houses sending out two men each,
and he has a large local trade. His local offices handle a great volume of business, and he has several assistant lieutenants who assist him, has an
immense warehouse at Gainesville, with railway tracks to the door, and the business is one which could quickly realize more than $100,000. Mr. Merck
is also owner of some valuable farm lands and city real estate, worth upwards of $50,000. He organized the Merck-Hetrick Manufacturing Company inMay, 1915, located at Gainesville, and of which he is president.
Mr. Merck has served as a member of the board of education, is a demo crat, a member of the First Baptist Church, being a deacon in the same, and has fraternal affiliations with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the
Knights of Pythias, the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and the United Commercial Travelers. In September, 1904, at Gainesville, he mar-

2268

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

ried Miss Ratelina M. Palmour, daughter of R. Palmour, of a well known and highly respected family of Gainesville. Both her parents are still living. To their union have been born five children, all at Gainesville, and the two older ones now attending school, as follows: Verona, born in July, 1905; Benjamin H., Jr., born in 1907; Mary Christina, born in 1909; "Woodrow H., born in 1912; and Lena Lucile, born in 1914.
During the Spanish-American war Mr. Merck enlisted from Gainesville in 1898 in the Second Georgia Infantry in Company G as a private. He was mustered in at Griffin, was stationed for some time at Tampa, and then his command was sent to Huntsville, Alabama. After being, mustered out he returned to Gainesville and entered his present line of business, which he has developed into the largest of its kind in Northern Georgia.

CAPT. GEORGE FREDERICK LAMBACK. There is no more convincing method of showing confidence in a man than by letting him take care of your money, and this rule applies equally in public as in private life. The citizens
of Richmond County have displayed this utmost degree of confidence in Capt. George Frederick Lamback, of Augusta, by choosing him, in the fall of 1914, to fill the office of county treasurer, in which he is now serving to the public benefit. Mr. Lamback is a native of Augusta, Georgia, having been *born in this city January 1,1845, the son of Frederick and Elizabeth (Thorp) Lamback. His father, with^ a younger brother, George Lamback, came to this country in the early '30s from Germany, first settling in Virginia. They remained there but a short time, however, coming from the Old Dominion to Augusta, where George Lamback died in 1839. of yellow fever. The surviving brother, Frederick, learned the confectioner's trade in Augusta, and after his marriage embarked in it on his own account, conducting a successful business in Augusta until his retirement at the outbreak of the Civil war. He was a prominent member of the community, taking an active part in civic affairs, and was a consistent ^member of the Lutheran Church. His death occurred when he had attained the age of sixty-five years. His wife, a good Christian woman, has also passed away. They were the parents of five children, one of whom died in infancy. Of the others the following is a brief record: Ella married H. N. Gardner, of Beach Island, and died in 1911. Elizabeth E. married Angus P. Brown, who died in 1913. She survives her husband and is now a resident of Columbia, South Carolina. Clara V. resides in Savannah, Georgia, the widow of Oscealo Butler.
George Frederick Lamback was reared and educated in his native city of Augusta. He was a boy of sixteen when the Civil war broke out, but at the age of seventeen, May 14,1862, he enlisted in Company C, Second Georgia Battalion of Sharpshooters and served with distinction until the final sur render of the southern armies, at which time he. was color guard of his regiment. He participated in a number of important actions, including the battles of Murfreesboro, Chickamauga, Kenesaw Mountain, Franklin, Nash ville, Ellsbury Ridge, near Atlanta, and others, being wounded in the battle of Atlanta. After the war he returned to Augusta and was here engaged in the confectionery business. In 1880 he sold out his interests in that business and became local representative for W. H. and W. D. Brigham, wholesale grocers, in whose employ he remained for eighteen years. He was then urged by friends to run for the office of city assessor, to which he was
subsequently elected, having by this time gained a wide popularity. This important office he filled acceptably for five years and it proved a steppingstone to his present position, for, as already narrated, he was elected treasurer of Richmond County in the fall of 1914 on the democratic ticket, which he has always voted. His handling of the business of this office has proved eminently satisfactoryj and it may be said that Mr. Lamback is one of the most popular and highly esteemed citizens of Augusta and Richmond county.

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2269

He is a member of St. James Methodist Episcopal Church, and is commander of the Confederate Veterans Commandery No. 435, of Augusta. This commandery, which had a total of over 300 members just after the war, is now reduced to seventy.
Mr. Lamback was married January 11, 1871, in Augusta, to Miss Belle
Fargo of this city, a daughter of Gordon and Isabella Fargo. Their family circle has been enlarged by the birth of six children, namely: Lizzie Belle,
wife of Leonard F. Verdery of Augusta; Frederick, who is engaged in the
cotton business with the firm of Heineken & Vogelsang; C. Gordon, who is in the cotton business with Davidson & Fargo, of Augusta; Carrie Lue, who is
unmarried; J. Fargo, an employe of the city government of Augusta, and G.
Vincent, manager of the North Augusta Cotton and Fertilizer Company.

JESSE COLUMBUS BENNETT, M. D. A quarter century of practice in
Jackson County as a physician and surgeon has brought Doctor Bennett special distinction and success as an able and skillful doctor and as a man who devotes himself conscientiously to the duties of professional life. He is also a man of high standing in the business and civic affairs, and has given much time to public duties. During his youth he had only a moderate amount of assistance from his father, and secured his medical education largely through his own efforts.
Doctor Bennett was born in Jackson County, Georgia, January 7, 1869, a son of Capt. A. T. and Sarah L. (Morgan) Bennett. Both parents were born in Jackson County and were married there. Captain Bennett was for many years recognized as one of the most prominent farmers, and was a man of no little distinction in public life. He served with credit in the Georgia Legislature during 1868-69, soon after the war, and again from 1876. to 1881. He was also judge of the Inferior Court of Jackson County. During' the- war he was captain of Company E in the Thirty-fourth Georgia Regiment, his company being recruited from Jackson County. He continued in active service up to the latter part of 1864, and was honorably discharged on account of ill health. He died at the age of seventy-six years on Septem ber 30,1904, bearing to the grave the honor and respect of a legion of friends and relatives. His wife died July 19, 1874, at the age of thirty-two, having been the-mother of eight children, three of whom are deceased. George D. Bennett Jves at Maxeys, Georgia; Mrs. J. M. Nix is a resident at Com merce; I1. J. Bennett lives in San Francisco, California; and Rev. J. J. Bennett is a well known Baptist minister at Kirkwood, Georgia.
Doctor Bennett, who was the sixth among the children, attended the Martin Institute at Jefferson, and began the study of medicine in the Atlanta Medical College, where he was graduated with the class of 1890, having won honorable mention for scholarship during his course. Since then he has been in active practice at Jefferson, and is generally recognized as the head of the local body of physicians and surgeons. His professional career has been varied by many other interests. In 1901 he established the drug firm of Bennett & Dickson. He has served as president of the Chamber of Com merce of Jefferson since its organization in 1913. In 1890 he was elected clerk of the Superior Court and treasurer of Jackson County, and in January, ,1893, was re-elected and served four years. He gave a very efficient adminis tration of these offices and at the same time was building up his reputation in the practice of medicine. In 1901 Doctor Bennett took post-graduate work in the New York Polyclinic. He served as mayor of Jefferson from 1898 to 1900, has been trustee, and is now secretary and treasurer of the board of management for the Martin Institute. He was the first man to be honored with the office of president of the Jackson County Medical Society, is now secretary of the Jackson County Medical Society, a member of the Ninth District Medical Society, and a member of the Georgia Medical Society

2270

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

and the American Medical Association. In Masonry he is a past master of the blue lodge, and a member of the Royal Arch Chapter and the council, is a charter member of Jefferson Lodge No. 200, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and a past grand; a charter member and past chancellor of the Knights of Pythias. Doctor Bennett is a democrat, and a member of the Baptist Church.
On October 1, 1891, Doctor Bennett married Miss Lizzie Dickson, daughter of Jeptha and Mary E. Dickson, of a well known family of Jackson County, having removed to that county from Franklin County in 1882. Three of the children born to Doctor and Mrs. Bennett are deceased. Marie died at the age of two years in 1896; Miriam, born in 1898, was a student in Shorter College at Rome in 1914, and Cox College, 1915-6; J. C., Jr., born in 1900, is a student in the Martin Institute; and Elizabeth, born in 1903, is also attending the Martin Institute.

EDWARD .M. MCDONALD, M. D. A fine type of the modern young physi

cian and surgeon is Dr. Edward M. McDonald of Jefferson. In spite of his

age, his talents and evident ability have rapidly brought him to a position of

prominence in the medical profession.

lie was born in Jackson County, Georgia, January 1, 1879, a son of

Edward A. and Sarah (Nix) McDonald. Both parents were natives of

Georgia, his father of Banks and his mother of Jackson County. Edward A.

McDonald was a farmer and planter and later turned his attention to the

saw and grist mill business, and is still living at the age of sixty-five. Toward

the close of the Civil war he entered the Confederate service with a company

from Jackson County, was a private, and all his service was in his home

state. The mother is still living at the age of sixty years. The paternal

grandparents came to Georgia from Scotland and Ireland respectively,

James McDonald having been an early planter in this state. The maternal

grandfather was Dow Nix, also a planter.

The fifth in a family of eleven children, Doctor McDonald spent his early

life in the usual manner of country bred Georgia boys, attending public school

in Jackson County, and largely through his own earnings entering the Atlanta

College of Physicians and Surgeons, where he pursued a course up to 1907.

During 1908-09 he took special hospital courses, and has since been in active

practice at Jefferson. He is now vice president of the Ninth District Medical

Society, and a member of the county and state societies and the American

Medical Association. He is also serving as county physician, is a director of

the electric light and power company of Jefferson, is proprietor of the

McDonald drug business, and owns an attractive home and other property

in the town. *

Doctor McDonald is serving as a member of the board of education of

Jefferson, and his civic interests are as broad as his professional activities.

He is a member of the Knights of Pythias, and in politics is a democrat, and

is a deacon in the Presbyterian Church.

\

On July 18, 1912, Doctor McDonald married Miss Belle Braselton of

Braselton," Georgia. She is a sister of the Braselton brothers of Braselton,

and a daughter of Harrison Braselton, a planter, manufacturer and merchant."

JOHN I. KELLEY AND GILES F. KELLEY. One of the strong legal combina

tions of Gwinnett County is that composed of John I. Kelley and Giles Fred

Kelley, brothers, who, although recent additions to the legal life of Lawrence-

ville, have already established themselves firmly in the confidence of the com

munity. Both are young men of thorough legal knowledge and broad and com

prehensive training, and have brought to the practice of their profession

qualities of enthusiasm and devotion that have contributed materially to their

success and reputation.

'

r

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2271

The Kelley brothers are sons of Giles S. and Ada Cornelia (Venable) Kelley, natives of Georgia, the former of Gwinnett Comity and the latter of Fulton County. The grandfather, Sanford Kelley, was born in Georgia, and here passed his entire career, with the exception of four years spent in the service of the Confederacy during1 the Civil war, when he acted as a private throughout that struggle and participated in numerous important engage ments. When he returned to the pursuits of peace he took up the o^ccupations of farming and planting, and continued to follow these vocations until his death in 1892, at an advanced age. Grandmother Kelley died when Giles
S. Kelley was a child, and he was brought up in his native county as a farmer boy? but later turned his attention to the medical profession, as a practi tioner of the Eclectic school. For a number of years he has been engaged in practice at Lawrenceville, where he now has an excellent professional busi ness and stands high in the ranks of his calling. Mrs. Kelley, who is also a resident of Lawrenceville, has reached the age of forty-eight years. Six children were born to Giles S. and Ada Cornelia Kelley, namely: Otis S., a machinist of Lawrenceville Dr. Daniel Claude, a medical practitioner of this place; Giles Fred; John J.; Paul V., who is engaged in the drug business; and Miss Myrtice, who resides with her parents.
Giles Fred Kelley was born in Gwinnett County, Georgia, November 16, 1889, and received his education in the public schools and Mercer University, from which institution he was graduated in 1913 with the degree of Bachelor of Laws. At that time he came to Lawrenceville and opened an office, and the next year was joined by his brother, with whom he has continued to practice to the present time. John I. Kelley was also born in Gwinnett County, November 23, 1891, and like his brother first attended the public schools and later became a student at Mercer University, where he took up the study of law and was graduated from the legal department in the class of 1914. He immediately joined his brother, whose partner he has continued to be. The brothers are democrats in political faith and John I. is serving as city attorney of Lawrenceville. They are Masons and J. I. Kelley is a Red Man, and Giles F. Kelley is a member of the Knights of Pythias. Both belong to the Baptist Church, are unmarried, and reside with their parents. In professional, fraternal and social circles they have formed a wide acquain tance, and both are held in high esteem and have numerous appreciative friends.

GEN. GEORGE P. DOLES, killed during the Civil war at the battle of Cold Harbor, Virginia, in 1864, was a native of Milledgeville, Alabama, born May 14, 1830. From early youth he showed a bent toward military affairs. Arriving at manhood, he entered the mercantile business in his home town, and became a member of the Baldwin Blues, an old volunteer company. His mercantile affairs prospered, and the military company under his command attained a state of efficiency not surpassed by any volunteer company.
At the outbreak of the war between the states, the Baldwin Blues instantly responded; and on the organization of the Fourth Georgia Regiment at Gosport, Virginia, in May, 1861, George Doles was elected colonel. This famous regiment was composed of the Baldwin Blues, the Albany Guards, the West Point Guards, the La Grange Light Guards, the Sumter Light Guards, the Twiggs Volunteers, the Macon Volunteers, the Toombs Volunteers, the Glover Guards, and the Southern Rifles. For the first year of the war it was stationed in Nansemond County, in Eastern Virginia, and was never under fire. Colonel Doles took advantage of the interval to bring the regiment to the highest state of efficiency. While always genial/polite, and modest, he was a strict disciplinarian and able soldier. His regiment first went into battle in the hard-fought struggle known as the "Battle of Seven Pines,"
Vol. IV 28

2272

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

acquitting itself like a veteran of the battlefield. The regiment went through the seven days' fight around Richmond, winning laurels on every field.
Colonel Doles' ability could not long escape notice, and on November 1, 1862, he was promoted to brigadier-general and given a brigade composed of the Fourth, Twelfth, Twenty-first, and Forty-fourth Georgia regiments. This brigade, known in the army as the Doles-Cook Brigade, was for the remainder of the war a part of the Army of Northern Virginia. At Sharpsburg, at Gettysburg, at Chancellorsville, Doles' brigade was in the thick of the battle, and everywhere gave a good account of itself. From November 1, 1862, until June 2, 1864, General Doles with his brigade participated in all the great battles of the Army of Northern Virginia. At Cold Harbor, on June 2, 1864, the enemy pressing forward had gained a temporary advantage. General Doles was ordered to the front. The old brigade by this time had been much thinned in its ranks, but with unabated courage and discipline went forward in a gallant charge which broke the enemy and forced them back. In the moment of victory, the gallant commander fell, pierced by a minie ball in the left breast.
In July, 1894, the surviving members of the Fourth Georgia Regiment erected in Milledgeville, to the memory of General Doles, a beautiful monu ment of Georgia granite, suitably inscribed.

BKIG.-GEN. WILLIAM M. BROWNE, who was an Englishman born, for a time after coming to America was the editor of a daily paper in Wash ington, D. C.
At the outbreak of the war his sympathies were with the South. He ten dered his services and was appointed an aide on the staff of President Davis, with the rank of colonel of cavalry. For the greater part of the war General Browne 's services were retained by the President in the department of organ ization, and he showed such ability and fidelity as to gain completely the friendship of the President.
In December, 1864, when things were at the blackest, Colonel Browne was sent to Savannah, with a commission as brigadier-general, and com manded a brigade in the division under Gen. Hugh W. Mercer during the siege of that city by Sherman's forces. General Browne had made up the brigade, composed of Government machinists from the shops of Augusta, convalescents from hospitals, and detailed men from various quarters, and the success which he achieved in getting together and making a well organized body of these ragged ends, justified the high appreciation held of him by President Davis.
After the close of the war General Browne settled near Athens and engaged in planting, at the same time editing and publishing a paper called the Farm and Home. He was a member of the first political state democratic conven tion held in Georgia after the surrender, which met in Macon on September 5, 1867. He was also a member of the democratic convention of 1870, and was appointed a member of the executive committee of which Linton Stephens was chairman. Just after the downfall of Reconstruction rule in Georgia he was elected professor of history and political economy in the University of Georgia, which chair he was filling at the time of his death, which occurred
in Macon in 1884. *
HOWARD T. EXLEY, M. D. This is one of the younger physicians of Savannah, but in point of attainment ranks with the best. He comes of an old Georgia family. His father was a wealthy planter of Effingham County, where he owned 4,000 acres of rich bottom land/500 acres under cultivation, and employed hundreds of negroes in the truck fields. Thus every opportunity was given Doctor Exley when a young man to enjoy

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2273

ample means and secure an education in whatever school he chose and along
whatever line he desired. Born at Savannah August 17, 1889, he is a son of Frank A. and Alice B.
(Crumm) Exley, both natives of Georgia. His father was born in Effingbarn County and his mother in Camilla. The father died in 1902 at the age of sixty-four. During1 the war he and four brothers were soldiers in the Confederate army. The father was captured in Virginia and spent eighteen months in a northern prison. The mother is still living in Effingham County at the age of fifty-seven. Of the nine children born to them, three are now deceased. Mrs. Clyde Garrall lives in Forth Worth, Texas; W. M. Exley lives in Effingham County; Mrs. Hubert Keller lives in Minehart, Georgia; Dr. R. M. Exley is a physician at Rincon, Georgia; and Miss A. Exley is in college at Macon, being a member of the class of 1915.
As a boy Doctor Exley attended Georgia Military College at Milledgeville. In 1911 he graduated M. D. from the Atlanta College of Physicians and Sur geons, and was the youngest member of his class and stood second in scholar ship honors. In July, 1911, at the age of twenty-one, he began practice, and now enjoys a business among the leading physicians of Savannah.
In politics he is a democrat. He is a member of the Chatham County
and Georgia State Medical societies, the Southern Medical Association and the American Medical Association. He is lecturer before the girls' class
of the Savannah Girl Scouts. He is first lieutenant in Chatham Artillery, and takes an active part in many social and civic movements.

WILLIAM THOMAS TOWNSEND. A Cartersville lawyer who excels as an advocate and is one of the members of the Georgia bar coming into recog nition for general ability, William T. Townsend is a young man who gained his education largely through his individual efforts and spent several years in the Philippine Islands in the government service as a teacher. He repre sents one of the old established families of Georgia.
William Thomas Townsend was born in Pickens County, Georgia, April 27, 1879, son of Kimsey II. and Mary (Morris) Townsend. Both parents are still living in Pickens County, and were both natives of that locality The maternal grandfather was a native of Spartanburg, South Carolina, and settled in Pickens County many years before the war, following the business of planter in that locality. Mr. Townsend's great-grandfather, Neddie Townsend, was born in Habersham County, Georgia, of one of the earliest pioneer families, and settled in Pickens County before the removal of the Indians. He became one of the largest plantation and slave owners in the county. The grandfather was Ezekiel Townsend, who was born in Pickens County and spent all his life there as a prosperous planter. Kimsey H. Townsend was born on the old plantation in Pickens County, and followed the vocation of his ancestors as a, farmer and has long been one of the influential men in public affairs in that county. He was candidate for the office of sheriff on three different occasions, but unable to overcome the normal majority against him. He is a member of the Masonic order, and he and his family are active in the Baptist Church. Kimsey H. Townsend and wife were the parents of eleven children: Octavia, who died in 1897 at the age of twenty-eight as the wife of Lawson Eubanks; Hezekiah Morton, a merchant at Peacock, Texas; Ezekiel K, a mechanic and farmer at Peacock, Texas; Joseph Samuel, a mer chant and farmer in Pickens; Annie, wife of Cicero Cagle of Pickens; Elias Carter, a broker and real estate dealer at Columbia, South Carolina; Wil liam T.; Edward Pinkney, a farmer in Pickens County; Alice, wife of Wesley Ingram, a farmer in Cherokee County, Georgia; Charles, a locomotive fireman with headquarters at La Junta, Colorado; and one that died at the age of four years.
William Thomas Townsend spent his early life on a Pickens County farm,

2274

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

attended the common schools there, and then qualified as a teacher, having

charge of various country schools of his native county from 1897 to 1903.

In 1899 he entered the North Georgia Agricultural College, at Dahlonega,

and continued a student until 1903. He left college to accept an appoint

ment in the Government civil service from the bureau of education as a

supervisor of schools in the Philippine Islands, For three years his head

quarters were in the Town of Binalbagan, 400 miles south of Manila, in the

Province of Occidental Negros. The fourth year of his service in the Philip

pines was spent at San Pablo, forty miles from Manila, in the Province of

La Laguna.

On returning home in 1908, the'North Georgia Agricultural College con-

:

ferred the degree of B. Ph. upon Mr. Townsend, although he lacked sbsf

months of finishing his course before he left for the Philippine Islands.

In the fall of 1908 he entered the law department of the Georgia State

University, and received his B. L. degree 1910. Since then he has been in

successful practice at Cartersville. His liberal education and broad expe

rience have promoted him rapidly in his profession, and he is regarded as

one of the ablest younger members of the local bar,

'

*

Mr. Townsend is a democrat, is affiliated with Lodge No. 63, Free and '

*.

Accepted Masons, at Cartersville, with the Knights of Pythias, and is a mem

ber of the board of trustees of the Baptist Church. His wife takes a prom-

;

inent part in the church, and is now serving as church organist.

.&

At Cartersville, September 1, 1911, Mr. Townsend married Miss Elizabeth

;'

Bowen Conyers, daughter of James Bennett and Eliza (Newton) Conyers.

Both the Newton and Conyers families are prominent in Georgia, and refer

ence to them is made on other pages. Mr. and Mrs. Townsend have one son,

Elias Carter Townsend, born at Cartersville, August 10, 1912, and one

daughter, Mary Eliza, born September 4, 1915.

COL. JOHN W. CLARK. Though more than half a century has rolled by

since the echo of the last guns fired in the war between the states reverberated

among the hills and through the valleys of the Southland, many of the men

>i

who took part in that momentous struggle are still with us, honored and

1

respected by the younger generation, who love to hear them fight their battle

o'er again, and draw inspiration from their heroism and unflinching devotion

to a cause which was to them one of right and duty. Prominent among these

remaining veterans is Col. John W. Clark, the present postmaster of Augusta,

:

whom every old comrade here who wore the grey knows and loves. He was

born at Cold Springs, South Carolina, April 26, 1844, the son of John M.

and Sarah Ann Elizabeth (Butler) Clark. The paternal grandfather was

Job Clark, who owned a large plantation, his holdings including the land

f

on which the Town of Roselle, New Jersey, now stands. Job Clark married a

Miss Mumford, whose father was one of the signers of the Declaration of

Independence.

'

John M. Clark, father of Col. John W., was born in New Jersey and came

to Georgia when a very young man. He was reared to manhood here and

established himself in the mercantile business at Cold Springs, continuing

there alone until 1864. In Augusta he was with a partner by the name of

Estes, the firm name being known as Estes & Clark. He also ran a business

until the war closed, at which time the partnership was dissolved. On the

conclusion of hostilities My. Clark resumed mercantile business, this time in

association with his two sons, the subject of this sketch; and they also estab

lished and developed a flour mill, the concern being now known as the

Augusta Flour Mills, conducting both their enterprises on a large and suc

cessful scale. During the war period Mr. Clark, Sr., was a member of the

Augusta Home Guards, known as the Silver Greys. He took an active part

in public affairs and was at various times connected with the city government,

1861-1865

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2275

serving as chairman of the finance committee of Augusta, a member of the board of education, and in other offices. He died in Augusta, January 8, 1880. His wife, Mrs. Sarah Ann E. Clark, was the daughter of N. K. Butler, a well known Georgia pioneer and early merchant, who married a Miss Green. She was educated and married in this state, and was a lady of refinement and culture, devoted to her home and family and the rearing of her children in all things a model wife and mother. She, like her husband, has passed away. They were the parents of eight children, six sons and two daughters, , of whom the subject of this memoir was the second in order of birth.
John W. Clark in his boyhood attended the schools of Cold Springs and Augusta. On the outbreak of the Civil war he enlisted in Company A of Richmond Hussars, and during his army life was in the thickest of the fighting. For the greater part of the time he served as courier for Gen. Tom Cobb, one of the South's most valiant commanders. In December, 1862, he became aide-de-camp to General Cobb and was made first lieutenant. Later he served with his company in General Cobb's Legion, a noted company of tried and brave men. After the death of General Cobb Mr. Clark became aide-de-camp to Lieut. and Gen. William M. Browne, under whom he served until the surrender, being subsequently discharged at Augusta, Georgia. As already noted, he then became interested in business with his father, con tinuing their mutual enterprises after the latter's death and embarking in other ventures. Subsequently disposing of his numerous business interests, he was appointed special agent to Wyoming by President Cleveland, for the purpose of allotting land to the Shoshone and Arapahoe Indians. After this task was finished he returned to Augusta and entered the Georgia Chemical Works, with which he was connected until he was elected sheriff: of Richmond County in 1903. Having performed the duties of this office very efficiently, Colonel Clark resigned in July, 1914, to accept the appointment of postmaster of Augusta. In this position also he has proved himself thoroughly capable, having made the office one of the most efficient in Georgia.
One of the battles of the war in which Colonel Clark took part was that of Predericksburg, in which he was slightly wounded. He is past commander of the Confederate Veterans Camp No. 435 of Augusta. In 1893-4-5 and '96 he was lieutenant-colonel of the First Georgia Battalion; was in command of the Richmond Hussars seventeen years, and served on the staff of Governor Hoke Smith during the latter's terms in office. In 1907-08 he was commander of the Georgia Division at the reunions held at Birmingham, Alabama, and Atlanta,
Georgia, respectively, and in 1915 he was a delegate to the Richmond (Vir ginia) Confederate Veterans Reunion, having, in fact, attended as delegate every reunion held in the South.
There is undoubtedly no- more popular and honored citizen in Augusta than Col. John W. Clark. He has held many public offices of trust within the gift of the people and has ever proved faithful and efficient. He has done many things to gain the high regard of his fellow citizens, and especially his friends and comrades in arms, while his charities to the poor and needy have been large, though unostentatious. He was one of the many who promoted and erected the monument to the soldiers of the South, in com memoration of their deeds of valor. It is a work of beauty and art and the figures were sculptured in Italy by Italian sculptors. Its height is over seventyfive feet. Twenty-five feet from its base are the figures of the four foremost generals of the Confederacy, one on each of the four corners, while on top of the pedestal is the figure of a Confederate sergeant, looking toward the east, in military attitude. The monument stands on Broad Street, directly in front of the modern office building of one of Augusta's daily papers. It has been visited by many artists and sculptors from distant parts of the country, who have come expressly to see it, and who have pronounced it to be one of the*" most handsome designs in execution and art in the United
States.

2276

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

Another act of philanthropy on the part of Colonel Clark was in con nection with the grave of Lieutenant vBagley, an old time friend and gallant soldier, who was killed on the Peninsula during the war, and whose last resting-place had been sadly neglected. As soon as he found out its condition, Colonel Clark gave the matter prompt attention, having a bronze plate made, which gives in brief the major's military record, and which he had attached to the tombstone. In all things connected with military matters the colonel has for many years been the leader and guiding star.
On April 15, 1869, Colonel Clark was married to Miss Emma Sehaub, a daughter of Capt. George Sehaub, of Kentucky. Her father was a captain in the Ninth Kentucky Regiment and was wounded at Shiloh, losing the use of his right arm. He was thereupon transferred to Augusta on duty with the powder mills here, and after the war continued his residence in this city. Colonel Clark and wife had one child, which died in infancy, and on January 27, 1916, Colonel Clark was called upon to mourn the loss of his wife. Mrs. Clark, during her life, was very active and prominent in many public affairs. She was vice president of Ladies' Memorial Association, a member of Daughters of Confederacy, Chapter A, and custodian of crosses of same, a life member Children's Hospital and a charter member "King's Daughters."

L. C. BROWN. Now serving as postmaster at Elberton, L. C. Brown has been known as a hard working and able business man from early youth, and being still young has the promise of many years of productive and useful activity.
He was born on a farm in Elbert County, Georgia, September 29, 1877, a son of Rolland J. and Sally (Maxwell) Brown. The Maxwell family came from Viriginia to Georgia in the early days. Both parents were natives of Elbert County, and were reared and educated and married in that locality, where Rolland J. Brown was a worthy farmer and good citizen. He died in 1894 at the age of seventy-eight. He enlisted during the war and was in Atlanta at the time that city fell before the advancing troops1 of Sherman. The mother is still living at the age of seventy-four.
L. C. Brown was the oldest in a family of three children. His youth was spent on a farm in Elbert County, and his education came from the common schools. He continued laboring for his father on the farm until the age of twenty-one, and then engaged in the drug business at Lavonia for several years, and after selling out and moving to Elberton entered the employ of the W. 0. Jones & Company. That was his wsrk until appointed postmaster at Elberton on February 24, 1914.
Mr. Brown is a democrat, is affiliated with the Masonic fraternity, and a member of the Baptist Church. At Lavonia, on January 15,1901, he married Miss May Alien, daughter of R. C. Alien, a resident of Lavonia. Mr. and Mrs. Brown have two children: Margaret, who was born at Lavonia in 1902 and is attending school at Elberton; and.Helen, born at Elberton in 1904, and also in school.
E. 0. DOBBS. In the law, th.e individual of principle, of steady applica tion and of unswerving purpose, leads in the matter of really superior compensation. The successful lawyer is such by reason of the possession of one of the two great elementals great native ability or great industry. In the former class are found the minority, who contribute color, brilliance and emphasis to a vocation which rests upon the plain foundations of fact; the latter class furnishes the majority whose task it is to uphold the solid pillars of jurisprudence. A happy blending of fine inherent talents and a capacity for persevering and continued labor, has placed E. 0. Dobbs among the leaders of the Gwinnett County bar. During the fifteen years that he has been engaged in practice in the courts of Georgia, he has advanced steadily in

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2277

position, and his important services and well stored mind Have contributed to a whole of great practical importance to the community of Buford, where for two terms he has been solicitor of the City Court.
Mr. Dobbs is a native Georgian, and was born in Cherokee County, January 1, 1878, a son of Cicero C. and Sarah (Dupree) Dobbs. His father, a native of Cherokee County also, passed his entire life within its confines, and died within three miles of the locality where he was born. A practical, industrious citizen, he devoted his career to the pursuits of planting and farming, and through energy and well-directed effort was successful in accumulating a satisfactory competence. He did not seek preferment in public life at the hands of his fellow-townsmen, but was content to remain in private life as a good and public-spirited citizen. His death occurred in February, 1912, when he was sixty-five years of age. Mrs. Dobbs, who was born in the State of South Carolina, was but six months of age when brought by her parents to Georgia, the family settling first in Calhoun County and sub sequently moving to Cherokee County. She is still living, at the age of sixty-six years, and makes her home with one of her children at Woodstock, Georgia. There are four children in the family, E. 0. being the third in order of birth.
E. 0. Dobbs attended the country schools in the vicinity of his father's plantation in Cherokee County, following which he took a full course in and was graduated from the Canton High School. His preparatory studies were completed at Young Harris College where he graduated with A. B. degree, following which he took a one-year course in the literary department of the University of Georgia. Next he entered upon his law studies in the same institution, and was graduated with his degree of Bachelor of Laws in 1901. At that time Mr. Dobbs began the practice of his profession at Blue Ridge, Fannin County, where he remained between four and fi^ years, at the end of which time he came to Buford, this city having since 'been his home and field of practice. Shortly after his arrival, Mr. Dobbs was elected judge of the City Court, a capacity in which he served during the years of 1906, 1907, 1908, 1909 and 1910, and in 1911 was appointed solicitor of the City Court, an office in which he is now serving his fifth term. Mr. Dobbs is in the enjoyment of a practice such as may only be attracted by broad talents and more than ordinary industry. He is a broad-minded and progressive practioner, a careful observer of the courtesies and amenities of his profession, and at all times seeking its most intelligent and praiseworthy compensations. His education did not cease when he left college halls, for he has continued to be a close and assiduous student, passing the greater part of his leisure time in his law library. He is a valued member of the Georgia State Bar Association, and stands high in the estimation of his fellow-practitioners. Fraternally, Mr. Dobbs is affiliated with the Masons, the Junior Order United American Mechanics and the Columbian Woodmen.
On December 28, 1899, Mr. Dobbs was united in marriage with Miss Maude Bryan, of Hall County, Georgia, the daughter of Moses Bryan, and to this union there have been born five children, namely: E. 0., Jr., born in 1905, at Blue Ridge, Fannin County, who is attending the Buford public schools; James Lewis, born in 1908, at Buford, Gwinnett County, also a public school student; Hal Blakely, born, in 1910, at Buford; Willis Pickens, born in 1912, at Buford; and Maude Olive, born in November, 1914, at Buford.
WILLIAM GORDON BRANTLEY, SR. This name has for thirty-five years been prominently associated with the Georgia bar. In the district where he was born and reared and where he began his practice Mr. Brantley has been accorded a share of public honors such as rarely falls to the lot of a native son, and which is the best testimonial to his integrity of character, his solid

2278

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

ability, and his conscientious performance of every duty and responsibility.

Besides his service in various local and state offices, he was for sixteen years

a member of Congress.

Born at Blackshear, Pierce County, Georgia, September 18, 1860, William

Gordon Brantley is of English and Scotch extraction and a son of Benjamin

Daniel and Janet Baker (MeRae) Brantley. His father, who was born in

Laurens County. Georgia, January 14, 1832, and died at Blackshear March

13, 1891, was one of the most extensive freeholders in Southeast Georgia.

Early in life he moved to Ware County, and thence to Pierce County in 1857.

He accumulated large commercial and agricultural interests, but also fre

quently filled public office, serving as clerk of the Superior Court, as a mem

ber of the Legislature and as county treasurer. The possession of a strong

native intellect, great practical common sense and an. honesty of purpose

and character that knew no changing enabled him to win a most honorable

success, though he1 began life without the advantages of education or property

and among people who were strangers to him. His wife, who died at Black-

shear November 7, 1910, was of Scotch. ancestry, her grandfather MeRae

having come from Scotland and locating as an original settler in Mont

gomery County, Georgia, where he was one of the progenitors of the McRae

family which for several generations has been prominent in the industrial

affairs of Georgia,

After finishing school in his native town AVilliam Gordon Brantley

attended the state university two years and as a young man displayed that

aptitude for studious research which has characterized his later life and

has been a pronounced factor in his successful career. Incidentally it should

be mentioned that in 1904 he delivered the baccalaureate address at the cen-

,/

tennial commencement of the state university. In commemoration of the

university's first commencement the address was delivered under a bush

arbor, his theme was "Reverence," and both the matter and manner of his

speech were not only in keeping with the time and dignity of the occasion

but added to his own reputation as a forceful orator and thinker. During

1

his university career some of his classmates were men who likewise attained

\

distinction in after life, including Associate Justice Marcus W. Beck of the

*

Supreme Court, Hon. E. H. Callaway of Augusta, Hon. 0. H. B. Bloodworth

of Forsyth and Prof. 0. M. Strahan of the state university.

After completing his education his early experiences included teaching

school, keeping books in his father's store and work as a telegraph operator

at Blackshear. He began the study of law under Hon. John C. Nichols, at

that time representing the First Congressional District in Congress.

Admitted to the bar in the fall of 1881 just after reaching his majority he

was offered and accepted a partnership with his former preceptor, and for

two years he was a member of the firm of Nichols & Brantley. After that he

practiced alone, and almost from the first gained notable distinction as a

member of the bar. In 1889 Mr. Brantley removed to Brunswick and that

city has since been his legal place of residence, though he is equally well

known in Atlanta and has spent many years in Washington.

His public service began as a member of the Georgia House of Repre

sentatives in 1884-85, and until he retired from Congress in 1913 he was

continuously in some public office. In 1886 he was elected to the Senate

from the Third District, then composed of Wayne, Pierce and Appling

counties. During his term in the Senate he took an active part in the passage

of the telegraph bill of 1887, requiring the prompt delivery of messages under

.

heavy penalties, and also took a decided stand in opposition to the efforts

made at that time to sell the Western & Atlantic Railroad. While in the

House he gave his support to and helped in the passage of the local option

law for Georgia, After his term as senator he Avas elected solicitor general

of the Brunswick Judicial District, composed of Appling, Camden, Charlton,

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2279

Clinch, Coffee, Glynn, Pierce, Ware and Wayne counties. The duties of this office caused him to remove to Brunswick in 1889, and in 1892 he was re-elected solicitor general for another term of four years. The judge who presided in the district during Mr. Brantley's incumbency said of the solicitor general: "He is a fine, clean man. If, after examining all the evidence in a case, he thought the prisoner innocent, he had the moral courage to say so and move for his dismissal. On the other hand, when convinced that a prisoner was guilty, he prosecuted him with all the force and vigor of his nature.'' Though urged to do so, Mr. Brantley declined to become a candi date for the vacant judgeship on the Brunswick circuit caused by the resigna tion of Judge Spencer R. Atkinson in 1892, and his name was also men tioned for the vacancy in the United States Senate caused by the death of Senator A. H. Colquitt.
On June 18, 1896, while he was still serving as solicitor general, the democratic convention of the Eleventh Congressional District assembled on St. Simon's Island for the purpose of renominating Hon. Henry G. Turner for Congress. Judge Turner had been in Congress for sixteen years and had no opposition, and it was a great surprise to the convention and the country when a letter from him, declining a renomination, was presented. The convention with one accord turned to Mr. Brantley as his successor and nominated him by acclamation. No other name was presented. Few Georgia members of Congress have had so nearly unanimous support from their home district as Mr. Brantley. At every successive term he had no democratic opposition for the office, and in several elections there was no candidate from the opposition party, so that he was the unanimous choice of the district. Be ginning his service in the Fifty-fifth Congress, he was regularly re-elected at each succeeding two years, serving from 1897 to 1913, concluding his con gressional career with the Sixty-second Congress. Though still firmly intrenched in the confidence of his party in the Eleventh District, he volun tarily retired from Congress March 4, 1913, in order to devote all his energies to the practice of his profession.
In Congress as in all his other public and private relations Mr. Brantley showed himself a man of intellectual force and moral character, of dis tinguished culture and personal magnetism. There were few of his con temporaries in Congress who could equal him in the matter of hard work and application, and he showed his breadth of view and statesmanship in considering the interests not only of his own section but of the entire nation. One who was personally familiar with his career has written: "He is not demonstrative, seldom speaks, but whenever he arises to a question he com mands the respect and close attention of the whole house. His speeches against holding the Philippine Islands, against a colonial policy, against the abolishment by Congress of the compulsory pilotage system of the state, in favor of the impeachment of Judge Swayne, of reciprocity with Cuba and of a national quarantine law, have been widely read and approved. They show the wide range of his investigation. Extracts from his Cuban speech have appeared in books and periodicals as specimens of American oratory deserv ing to be preserved."
In the sixteen years of his congressional service in the course of which he had advanced to the position almost of seniority in the Georgia delegation, he served on many important committees including the judiciary and public grounds committees and the powerful ways and means committee of which he was a member when he retired. He was of the few men in Congress who served on both the judiciary and ways and means' committees at the same time. In his home state he is remembered for his work in securing appropria tions for the improvement of the Brunswick Harbor, which was of great benefit not only to that port but also to the whole South Atlantic Coast. He was also a member of the Federal Commission which for three years

2280

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

x,

investigated the matter of workmen's compensation and employers' liability

for Interstate Common Carriers. This commission reported a bill providing

for a compulsory form of such compensation and liability. Mr. Brantley's

last speech was in advocacy of it, of which he had charge in the house, and

which was considered a few days before adjournment and passed by the

house by an overwhelming majority. It also passed the Senate, but in some

what different form, and its passage by the House being very late in the

session, the opponents of the measure succeeded in preventing any conference

between the two houses and the bill was lost.

After retiring- from Congress in the spring of 1913 Mr. Brantley formed

a partnership with Harrison Jones and his son William G. Brantley, Jr., for

the practice of law at Atlanta under the name Brantley, Jones & Brantley.

However, before he was able to begin practice in that city, he was retained

in June, 1913, by the various railroads in the southeastern part of the United

States to represent them in the valuation of all their property by the Inter

state Commerce Commission in pursuance of the Act of Congress of March

4, 1913. This employment required his return to Wasliington, where he has

since been engaged in its discharge, and where he is now residing. The latest

calculations of the Government are that the investigation will require from

seven to ten years.

Like his father and mother before him Mr. Brantley is a member of the

Presbyterian Church. His fraternities are the Masons, Elks, Odd Fellows and

the Knights of Pythias. He possesses a familiarity with a broad range of

literature, particularly in the field of history and biography, subjects which

have greatly assisted him in his professional and public career. Politically

he has been described as a consistent democrat who without shirking or

evasion meets public questions as they arise with courage and with fidelity,

to his constituents. His record of success has been gained through straight

forward, honest, vigorous, persistent efforts.

On June 6, 1883, he married Miss Jessie Kate "Westbrook of Waycross,

Georgia. She died'February 2, 1895. On January 8, 1901, he married Miss

Mary George Linn of Birmingham, Alabama. The three children of the first

marriage are "William G., Jr., who graduated at the University of Georgia

in 1907 with the degree of A. B., and Jessie Kate and Marguerite,

who completed their education in the Agnes Scott College. Two sons of the

second marriage are Linn McRae and George Daniel and one daughter is

Mary Elizabeth.

William Gordon Brantley, Jr., who was born at Blackshear, Georgia,

March 15, 1886, gained his early education at Blackshear and Brunswick,

and also attended school in Washington during his father's residence there.

After his graduation from the University of Georgia in 1907 he, in 1910, won

the degree of LL. B. from the George Washington University at Washington,

District of Columbia. He practiced law in Atlanta for a few years, first as

a member of the law firm of Jones & Brantley and later as a member of the

firm of Brantley, Jones & Brantley. He became a member of the Atlanta

Bar Association, the University Club and the Atlanta Athletic Club, is affil

iated with the Masonic Order, and is a member of the Presbyterian Church.

In 1915 he yielded to the solicitations of his family and returned to his

native town of Blackshear to take, a responsible position with the A. P.

Brantley Company, cotton and general merchant manufacturers and bankers,

and is now actively engaged with the business of this company.

BRIG.-GEN. GOODE BRYAN, a native Georgian, served in the old army, and also made a most honorable record during his service for the Confederacy. In his youth he obtained an appointment to the United States Military Academy at West Point, was graduated in 1834 and entered upon active duty in the regular army as brevet second lieutenant of the Fifth Infantry.

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2281

He served in garrison at Augusta arsenal from 1834 to 1835, when he resigned

and engaged in civil engineering on the Augusta and Athens Railroad until

1839. He then removed to Alabama, became a planter, and was sent to the

General Assembly in 1843-44. From 1842 to 1846 he was colonel of militia,

and on the outbreak of the war with Mexico immediately entered service as

major of the First Alabama Volunteers, which position he held until the

regiment was disbanded in May, 1847, and continued his service as volunteer

assistant quartermaster on the staff of General Worth until September,

1847. Returning from- Mexico to Alabama he resumed his occupation as a

planter, but in 1849 moved back to Georgia, locating in Jefferson County,

where he resided in 1853, and then moved to Richmond County, where he

was residing in 1861.

.

General Bryan was sent as a delegate to the secession convention, and, on the

outbreak of hostilities entered the service of the Confederacy as captain of

the Sixteenth Georgia Regiment of Infantry, and became colonel of the same

regiment in February, 1862. The regiment was attached to the brigade of

Gen. Howell Cobb in Magruder's division, with which it took part in the

seven days' battles around Richmond. Colonel Bryan led his regiment through

the fierce battles of the Maryland campaign of 1862; at Fredericksburg, at

Chancellorsville, and at Gettysburg.. In the last named battle General

Semmes was killed. Colonel Bryan was then commissioned brigadier-general

and given command'of a brigade, which included his old regiment and had

added to it the Tenth, Fiftieth, Fifty-first and Fifty-third Georgia, which

had formerly made Semmes' brigade. When Longstreet went to the help

of Bragg ti September, 1863, Bryan's brigade was a part of his force, but

the train bearing this brigade reached Chickamauga too late to share in the

battle. They were with Longstreet in his East Tennessee campaign; partici

pated in the siege of Knoxville, and took part in that last desperate but

unsuccessful attack upon Fort Saunders. Returning to Virginia in the spring

of 1864 General Bryan and his brigade took part in the desperate battles

of the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor, and in the operations around

Richmond and Petersburg, until September, 1864, but on account of his

failing health the gallant old soldier was compelled to resign and retire from

the service. After the war he resumed his residence in Augusta and engaged

insurious occupations there until his death.

CHARLES CONSTANTINE CREWS. Of Brig.-Gen. Charles C. Crews little is known aside from his military career. On the organization of the Second Georgia Cavalry, in 1861, he was commissioned lieutenant-colonel of that regiment, and was serving in that capacity when he was captured during a raiding expedition into Kentucky, in the fall of 1862. He was soon exchanged and within a month was again leading his regiment in Middle Tennessee, being then attached to Wharton's brigade of Wheeler's cavalry. During the Murfreesboro campaign Wheeler's force was incessantly active, operating in the rear of the army, and Colonel Crews during that period saw hard and arduous service. During the Tullahoma campaign, the cavalrymen were so diligent that Crews' Confederate cavalry was frequently referred to in the reports made by Federarbfficers, He had in the meantime been promoted to colonel, and just before the battle of Chickamauga was placed in command of a brigade in Wheeler's division, though without any additional grade of rank. During the Atlanta campaign, his regiment was attached part of the time to Iverson's brigade of Martin's division of Wheeler's corps; and in his report of the operations of the cavalry in the Georgia campaigns of 1864, General Wheeler, after recounting the brilliant exploits and the long series of triumphs of his troops, mentioned a number of officers who had been .especially useful, and in this list records the name of Colonel Crews as "brave and faithful." On the 15th of April, 1865, General Wheeler, in making a

2282

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

report of the campaign in the Carolinas, said: "Generals Robertson, Harrison and Ashby, Colonels Crews, Cook and Pointer, are disabled from wounds received in the same manner." This phrase referred to one which he had just previously made in the report, in which he had given a list, of generals whom he had seen '' twice wounded while most nobly carrying oufe? my orders upon the field." About this time, and before the final capitulation of General Johnston, Colonel Crews was promoted to brigadier-general. He does not appear to have taken part in public life after the war, and died at his home in Cuthbert, Georgia, where he had practiced his profession as a physician.

HON. ALBERT DELEWARE MEADOR. Among the leaders in the honorable profession of law in Newton County, Georgia, is Hon. Albert Deleware Meador of Covington, who is now serving his second term as judge of proba.te. On both sides, paternal and maternal, Mr. Meador can boast of good heredity. The Meador family reunion, held at Covington in 1914, brought together 150 members of the family, the original members being all over eighty years of age, but still hale and hearty, and all prominent and honored citizens in their respective localities. Still more worthy of notice is the fact that in the entire history of the family there has not occurred a single divorce, nor has any member man, woman or child ever been indicted for a crime or tried as a law breaker. The male members of the family have been universally faithful types of the chivalrous and honorable southern gentleman, while the women have been noted for their virtue, refinement, hospitality, and all those domestic graces which embellish and sanctify the home. Of the maternal branch of our subject's family, the Yanceys, the same can be said in equal measure.
That branch of the Meador family under present consideration was founded in Georgia by John Meador, grandfather of Albert D., who settled in Wilkes County early in the nineteenth century.' He was a native of Bedford County, Virginia, and was a millwright by trade, being engaged during his active life in the construction of mills, gins and other similar structures. He served as a soldier in the "War of 1812 and was prominent in local politics as a member of the whig party. He married Sarah Bostwick, a daughter of Azariah and Nancy (Heard) Bostwick, her mother being a direct descendant of the famed Heard family of Wilkes County, Georgia. After their marriage they settled in Morgan County, this state, where she died in 1864. John Meador survived his wife about eleven years, dying in 1875 at the age of eighty-four. They were the parents of a large family, numbering fourteen children, as follows: Thomas; Charles; Martha, who married Thomas A. Posey and is now living at the age of eighty-eight years in Walton County; John B., now eighty-five years old; Mary, who married Thomas Smith and is living at the age of eighty-three; Josephus, now eighty-two years old; Nancy, who first married Jay Rogers, after his death becoming the wife of Tip Lewis, and who died in 1909 at the age of seventy-four; Robert N., who died in Texas; Deleware, who was one of the organizers of the Sixteenth Georgia Battalion of Cavalry, served under General Morgan and was killed in service at Winchester, Tennessee; Henry B., who is engaged in farming in Newton County; Rufus N., a carpenter and joiner, also engaged in farming in Newton County, who is now sixty-eight years old; Isaac Williamson, county commis
sioner of Newton County. Josephus Meador, who was the sixth child of his parents, was born in
1833 and is still living, a prominent, highly respected and influential citizen. His occupation since early manhood has been that of farming, in which he has been eminently successful. Like almost every southern gentleman, he gave his loyal support to the Confederacy, helping' to organize the Sixteenth Company Georgia Battalion, and taking part in General Morgan's famous twenty-seven days' raid into Ohio. For over fifty years he has been a member

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

2283

of the Masonic order. He married Louise Elizabeth Yancey, a native of Jasper County, Georgia, and daughter of Lewis and Sarah (Strickland) Tancy. Both her parents were natives of South Carolina, the father being a son of Lewis Yancy, a Revolutionary soldier, who married Polly Foster. Mrs. Joseph Meador was born in 1842 and died at the age of fifty-three years, April 12, 1895. She and her husband were the parents of but one child, Albert Deleware, whose name forms the caption of this article.
Albert Deleware Meador was born six miles south of Covington, Newton County, Georgia, September 23, 1866. He acquired his literary education in the schools of his native county and at the University of Georgia, Having decided to enter the legal profession, he studied law under Col. A. B. Simma of .Covington, and was admitted to practice in the State of Alabama, at the April term of court, 1888, at Taliposa, that state, by Hon. J. B. Box, judge of Superior courts. Beginning the practice of his profession at Anniston, Alabama, he remained there four years, during which time he gained much valuable experience. He was there married and in the following year, 1891, returned to Newton County, Georgia, settling in Covington, where he has since remained engaged in active practice. Here he has gained a wide and enviable reputation and stands well up among the leading men of his pro fession. For several years he served as notary public and justice, and he was the first appointee of Newton County as referee in bankruptcy, being appointed in 1898 by W. T. Newman. After serving two years in this office he resigned and in the fall of 1908 was elected ordinary of Newton County, in which position he is still serving, having been elected for a second term. As judge of probate he has shown remarkable ability in bringing about, the peaceful settlement of estates, without recourse to law, and so thorough a mastery has he of this department of the law that he has never had a case reversed by a higher court since he assumed the duties of his present office. In religion he professes the Baptist faith, which has been that of most of his ancestors on the Meador side, while fraternally he is a member of the Masonic order.
Albert Deleware Meador was married March 26, 1890, in Anniston, Ala bama, to Miss May Bush, a native of Calhoun County, Alabama, and daughter of Dudley and Elizabeth (Adderhold) Bush. Her paternal grandfather was Daniel Bush, the first settler of Franklin County. Mr. and Mrs. Meador have had seven children, of whom two died in infancy. The living, who were all born in Newton County, Georgia, are as follows: Lucile, Albert, Lowndes, Victor King and Helen. As an agreeable occupation aside from his pro fession, Mr. Meador takes a keen interest in the study of history, especially that of the section in which he.was born and where his lot is cast. In this latter he is particularly well informed and now has in course of preparation a history of Newton County, Georgia, embodying the results of long and patient researches. His wife, a lady of education and refinement, is president of the Ladies Missionary Society and is active in woman's club work. By, virtue of Revolutionary ancestry, she is in line for membership in the Daughters of the American Revolution.

ELBERT CALHOUN MILLER. Among the enterprising, progressive men I whose business interests have made Hinesville one of the thriving centers of commerce in Southeastern Georgia is Elbert Calhoun Miller, proprietor of a
leading mercantile establishment, the largest individual land owner in Lib erty County, and the repository of large and important trusts. In addition to having been a very important factor in the industrial and commercial ac
tivity of the county, he has advanced its moral and educational interests, and there are few essential elements in the progress and advancement of " the community which do not bear the impress of his strong individuality.
Mr, Miller is related to the Stacy and Norman families and to some of the

2284

GEORGIA AND GEORGIANS

earliest settlers of Georgia. Industry, energy, honesty and fidelity these are some of the most marked characteristics of these families, and the ele mental strength of character of Mr. Miller shows that these qualities are predominant in his nature. He was born January 4, 1860, at Salem, Russell County, Alabama, and is a son of Elbert and Susan C. (Floyd) Miller. His father was born at Walthourville, Liberty County, Georgia, there received his education, engaged in school teaching for two years, and then entered the University of Georgia, where he was graduated in 1855. He then resumed his educational labors and continued to be engaged therein until the war between the states broke out, when he enlisted in the Thirty-fourth Regiment, Ala bama Volunteer Infantry, and subsequently met a soldier's death on the bat tlefield of Murfreesboro, Tennessee. One child only was born to Mr. and Mrs, Miller, the latter of whom was the daughter of Dr. D. W. Floyd, a physician of Salem, Alabama.
Elbert Calhoun Miller was ten years of age when sent to school, and re mained as a student only five years, when he entered upon his career. It was necessary, owing to the death of his father, that he contribute to his own sup port, and accordingly accepted the offer of his uncle who gave him a position in his store. This uncle, Col. E. P. Miller, became one of the best known business and public men in the state, and died in 1910, and it is to the excel lent training and the wise and kindly counsel of this old and honored business man that E. C. Miller attributes his success in life. After leaving the employ of his uncle, Mr. Miller entered the service of the Southern Express Com pany, at Savannah, Georgia. Later, however, he returned to Hinesville and bought the business which he now owns, and which he has developed into one of the finest stores in the county. From the time of his locating in Hinesville, Mr. Miller's career has been one of continuous and growing success, owing to his unabating industry, his integrity, sound judgment and honorable business methods. For a long period he has been one of the trusted executors of the John Lambert fund, in addition to which he supervises the operations on his own extensive holdings, mercantile, turpentine and timber lands, the possession of which makes him, as before stated, the largest individ ual land holder in Liberty County. He is vice president of the Flemington, Hinesville & Western Railroad and a director in the Hinesville Bank. He has never been an office seeker, but for twenty-one years has acted as clerk to the county commissioners and has ever been most true and faithful in the dis charge of his public duties. He is one of the selectmen of the Midway Pres byterian Church, is secretary and treasurer of the Midway Society, and was a member of the memorial committee at the: unveiling of the Stuart-
Screven monument. Mr. Miller married Miss Carrie L. Brooks, daughter of Rev. S. E. Brooks,
of Waco, Texas, and sister of Dr. S. P. Brooks, president of Baylor University of Waco. She is a granddaughter of Samuel Palmer, of Savannah, Georgia. There were five children in the family, but only two are now living: Floyd Elbert, who was associated in business with his father and a leading and energetic business man of Hinesville, is now, 1916, second lieutenant in Company B, "Liberty Independent Troops," now in service at "Camp Har ris," at Macon, Georgia; and Miss Mary M., a talented young woman who is
popular in social circles of Hinesville.