THE LIBRARY OF
THE UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA

REPORT OF
Georgia Department
of
Public Welfare
JAN 1 1937 JUNE 30 1938
LAMAR MURDAUGH Director
8
329 HURT BUILDING ATLANTA GEORGIA
Printed in U S A
Curtiss Printing Company Inc
ATLANTA
1938
STATE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE OF GEORGIA
Director
Lamar Murdaugh
State Board of Public Welfare
Arthur Lucas Atlanta Chairman Dr J S Golden Jasper J Hallman Bell Richland A T Minchew Pearson Frank W Spencer Savannah Dr J R Wilson Thomson Lamar Murdaugh Director
Division Directors
Miss Louisa de B FitzSimons Public Assistance Division
Charles A Doolittle C P A Division of Accounts and Finance
Frances S Steele Child Welfare Division
Dr C J Wellborn Division of Institutions
L Thomas Gillen Confederate Pension Division
Frank C Shirley Commodity Distribution Division
PREFACE
This report of the State Department of Public Welfare of Georgia covers the period from January 1 1937 through June 30 1938
The Department as now organized has been in existence since February 25 1937 on that date having succeeded the State Board of Control of Eleemosynary Institutions parent organization of the old Department of Public Welfare
Until January 1937 the State operated on a fiscal year coinciding with the calendar year The legislature meeting in January changed the fiscal basis of operations to the twelve months beginning July 1 in each year thus leaving a short fiscal period from January 1 to June 301937 Subsequent reports of this Department will be issued annually at the end of each fiscal year although this report covers both the long and short fiscal periods during which it has operated
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PartI Welfare Reorganization
Background of Welfare ReorganizationOld Sjstem of Welfare AdministrationLegislative Enactments and Constitutional Amendments Necessary for Reorganization New System of Welfare Administration
Part II Administrative Organization
State DepartmentDistrict OrganizationCounty Welfare Departments
Part III Public Assistance Division
General FunctionsSocial Security for the Aged for the Blind and for Dependent ChildrenGeneral ReliefWPA CertificationCCC EnrollmentPermanence of Old Age Assistance
Part IV Statistical Division
General Statistics on Social SecurityStatistics on Old Age AssistanceStatistics on Aid to the BlindStatistics on Aid to Dependent Children
Part V Child Welfare Division
Expansion of ServicesChild Welfare Service ProgramInstitutions and Corrections
Part VI Crippled Childrens Service
Operation of Program of Aid for Crippled Children
Part VII Surplus Commodities Distribution Division
Purpose of ProgramScope of ProgramMethod of Administration
Part VIII Division of Institutions
State Eleemosynary Institution SystemMilledgeville State HospitalGeorgia Training School for Mental DefectivesAcademy for the BlindSchool for the Deaf State Training School for BoysState Training School for GirlsConfederate Soldiers Home
Part IXConfederate Division
Confederate Pension System
Part XDivision of Accounts and Finance
Financial Operations of State DepartmentAnalyses of Financial Operations of State Department
K 7 n c q O 0
INTRODUCTION
While there were many changes in governmental functions and organizations under the Little New Deal started in Georgia in 1937 there was none more important nor more farreaching than in the field of public welfare
The reorganization and expansion of the agencies administering welfare duties came as a matter of necessity to meet demands which had too long been neglected It grew from a realization that economically the State was regressing in many ways that there was something basically wrong with the States economic structure to cause many of its citizens to subsist in normal times on incomes below relief budgets under the Federal program for promoting recovery from a deep depression
The new State Department of Public Welfare created in 1937 to help combat the ills of the State was designed to meet not only the emergency of providing subsistance to many finding themselves economically dependent and helpless but to attempt a remedy to the basic trouble
In this latter duty the Welfare Department was not given sole obligation for achievement It was made a part of a welldesigned plan which called into play many State departments and necessitated the creation of some new ones
The leader in this movement was Governor E D Rivers who came into office in January 1937 after long contact with State problems as a member of the General Assembly The chief point of attack in his farflung fight for economic betterment of the people of Georgia was made on individual income This was based on his desire to see Georgias position changed from the plight of having an average income for its citizens equal to only fifty per cent of the average income for the nation as a whole
The program extended from efforts to eliminate illiteracy to a joint fight by the Southern States for elimination of discriminatory freight rates It included efforts to obtain more industry for the State It emphasized a vast reorganization of the States system of taxation It bore heavily on better educational facilities throughout Georgia It included guidance to the readjustment being made in the States agricultural system and the continual shifting of population between rural and urban areas It embraced most of all the concept that it was the duty of the State government to assume all of these responsibilities and to recognize its obligation of giving all of its citizens more opportunities and better facilities for attaining economic security and comfort
The new Welfare Department was given a double task for its share in the general program filling the emergency needs of Georgians who were finding livelihoods impossible and ferreting out the social causes which had led in the past to widespread poverty no matter whether the rest of the nation was at the peak of prosperity or the depths of depression
In the following report the word first will appear frequently This is due to the fact that the State assumed through the Welfare Department duties it never before had touched In the reorganization of State agencies and State functions Georgia for the first time took an active interest in the welfare of its citizens and divorced itself from a philosophy of government which had ignored suffering destitution and poverty It became a humanitarian government no longer shunning its duty to give to every citizen the fullest life possible
I
A GLANCE BACKWARD
The time has come when we can not say we can not afford to give our people the services they need We must say we can not afford not to give our people the services they need
This statement of Governor E D Rivers in an address to the General Assembly of Georgia summarized briefly the many reasons he assigned for desiring a reorganization of the States welfare agencies for the administration of a comprehensive program designed to bring temporary and permanent stability to the social system
Behind his statement were decades of inactivity in the field of general public welfare on the part of the State Also behind his statement was a general conception that the State should spend as little money as possible that it should touch the lives of its citizens as little as possible and that the best governed are the least governed and the cheapest governed
When Georgias present Constitution was written one of the leaders remarked We have locked the treasury and thrown the key away
The authors of the Constitution just having come through the Reconstruction Period of the States life after the War Between the States were thinking more of restraining public officials who might attempt to violate the trust of the people than of the convenience and benefits of Government They were thinking in terms of unfortunate experiences with Democracy aborted They were thinking of restraining State government rather than of forming a Government which would be the guardian of its citizens welfare and progress
The necessity for such a government was branded deeply in the minds of a generation which had seen the evils of uncontrolled tyranny and was transferred to the next generation as a horror and a deplorable situation to be avoided at all costs The impression was so keen that it continued in the face of economic retrogression and it was not eradicated until a series of sociological and economic backsets had produced an emergency situation in the State
The immediate cause of the awakening to the fact that the State government had to assume direct responsibility for the welfare of its citizens came from the depression of 1929 and the following years of destitution and want The troubles of this period focused attention on losses that had been going on for a number of years and upon a situation which had really reached an emergency status before the depression started in other sections of the Nation
The depression brought the startling realization that the State was wholly without any adequate means of meeting destitution of any great number of citizens It brought the equally startling realization that virtually nothing had been done to aid citizens who became economically stranded even in normal times through faults not alone their own but partially because of a social system offering no succor save pauperized charity
Great numbers of unemployedboth from the industrial and farming areas of the State wandered about helplessly They had no means They had no support They had no hope except that times will get better In the past the funds of counties available for the aid of destitute citizens had been limited to paupers Generally this money when to the diseased the badly handicapped and the infirm aged Others becoming in need had to depend upon private charitable organizations church societies and others which interested themselves in the plight of the unfortunate There had never been any statewide governmental effort to fight poverty Consequently when the tremendous load of unemployment and want fell upon the State in 1929 there was no way of meeting the demands for relief Counties and the larger cities attempted to meet the requirements but constitutional strings on expenditures of money together with shrinking revenues derived almost solely from real property rapidly decreasing in value made the situation impossible
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DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
Atop all this there had been going on for a decade a movement noticed but undirected Setbacks to the agricultural activities of the State had brought about an exodus from the farm to the urban centers Ruralborn and ruralreared citizens flocked into the cities seeking industrial employment Unskilled in any industrial tasks they found employment hard and progress slow Thrown from their jobs by the depression they had no other livelihood to which they could turn
Back to the farm was the cry in every citybut the erstwhile farmers had no capital to reestablish themselves in agriculture and the larger farmers were having difficulty keeping their operations going with the sharecroppers and laborers who had chosen to remain with them Their own troubles dated back for more than a decade when the boll weevil started his devastating attack on the State and punctured the chief support of the predominantly rural populace Cotton culture had to be changed Many farmers lost all their property in an effort to solve the problem of raising the once big money crop in the face of a new pest
All of these complications settled upon the State after long years of drifting about in an uncharted economic sea left turbulent since the close of the War which entirely obliterated its accustomed economic and social order
The freeing of slaves coupled with the drain on resources and manpower occasioned by the War left large landholders in search of some method of operating their farms The smaller landholders were without means The natural answer to the situation was the sharecropping system of farming It filled a crying need at the time but the evils of the system were taken on along with the immediate relief it offered
Chief among these evils was the rapid exploitation it offered for land Thousands upon thousands of acres of eroded unused and unusable land throughout the State witness the bad effects of the sharecropping system The reduction in fertility of land reduced ability to earn on the part of farmers and the reduction in ability to earn reduced ability to progress
Too frequently the sharecropper could at his best do no more than keep his family fed and clothed in an insufficient fashion Too frequently there was no chance for him to give his children more than a few years of education Too frequently he was unable to provide his family with medical care badly needed
The realization of this situation was expressed by Governor Rivers after his election but prior to his induction into office Meeting with memberselect of the General Assembly at Milledgeville in the fall of 1936 in an unofficial session he pointed out
It is true that after the War Between the States the South was reconstructed I would remind you though that the South was reconstructed politically only It never has been reconstructed economically
Thus he made his aim this needed economic reconstruction of Georgia It is not surprising that the three principle avenues of attack concerned three highly neglected fields public health public welfare and public education
Of the three there can be no doubt that the field of public welfare had found the most neglect on the part of the State For more than two decades a public health department had been operating A large number of the States 159 counties were organized under the Ellis Health Law to maintain health departments of their own Efficiently manned the department had been able to make inroads into some of the major diseases harming the health of the public but inadequate financing ever had been a handicap to it in its work
In the year before Governor Rivers assumed office the State appropriations to the Health Department had barely exceeded 100000 The Governor was wont to illustrate this with the remark that the sum amounted to the price of a postage stamp per person in Georgia The Appropriation was hiked to 600000 the first year of the Rivers administration making possible
STATE OF GEORGIA
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the matching of Federal funds for a total budget of 1000000 The Governor called this progress but still an insufficient amount to meet adequately the public health needs of the State
For a number of years the State had assumed a large share in the cost of local school administration but not a large enough share to prevent many rural area schools from operating only three four or five months a yedr The fact that Georgia ranked high in the scale of States for the proportion of illiterate persons to its total population was an indictment of the school systems adequacy A measure for the State to provide school books to all students through high school grades and another for the State to pay the minimum cost of operating schools for a period of seven months in each year remedied the situation as to the length of term and the failure of thousands of children to attend classes because of inability of their parents to purchase texts for them This raised State contributions to local schools from approximately 4500000 annually to more than 9000000 with the Governor looking forward to the day when the State would be able to guarantee local systems of expenses for full ninemonth terms
The change in the field of public welfare was even more pronounced The highest annual budget for the old Public Welfare Department was 45000 The sum fluctuated from this high figure to as low as 15000 annually The remarkable feature of the old system was that any results at all were obtained in the face of the many social problems of the State The results obtained were gotten by concentrating on services to dependent and neglected children
In the place of the old system came the new with its provisions for social security to the needy aged to the needy blind and to dependent children There followed an expanded program of child welfare services Special services to crippled children were added Social services became available to communities and counties which had been entirely without them previously The State assumed its obligation to the thousands of unemployed through wholehearted cooperation with federal agencies engaged in bringing relief to Georgia through the WPA the CCC the NY A and other organizations ready to help the State solve its economic problems
The economic reconstruction program did not stop here Full realization of the fact that agriculture was being depended upon too heavily as a means of support by Georgians made it desirable to attract new industry to the State Thus came into being the State Planning Commission to aid in this effort The Natural Resources Department was created to coordinate work which had been done disjointedly by three separate departments operating independently of each other
The Governor promoted a conference of Southern State Governors to carry before the Interstate Commerce Commission and even into Congress the Souths plea for fair treatment in the establishment of freight rate schedules Surrounded by freight schedules higher than for other sections of the Nation Southern industry has been handicapped for years in advancement Location of new industry was discouraged by the same thing
These and many other factors were brought into play in plans and efforts for the needed economic reconstruction The added duties of the State government were tremendous in number but sweeping in their aims They were necessary if the State was to progress as a State and if the citizens were to progress individually
The adding of these functions brought to a head another problem which had long vexed those desiring to see an advancement in the economic status of the State This was taxation Real property was bearing practically the entire burden of city county and school governmental agencies and a fair share of the State burden For long the burden on real estate had been recognized as too great as a brake on industrial development and expansion and as a deterrent to building operations Even with this burden real estate was not paying adequately for the services dependent upon county and municipal revenues
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DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
The health welfare and education facilities had been left largely for the counties to provide The position of the Stateat the foot of the ladder of States in the three categoriesreflected amply the inability of the counties to provide adequately any of the essential functions incumbent upon them Fiftyfour of the counties had tax digests of less than 2000000 of assessed value of property and 53 more had digests of less than 4000000 in 1930 before the shrinkage from the depression was shown in tax returns
With the primary aim of assuming these functions which the counties had not been able to provide and of paying for them through some form of taxation other than on real estate the State faced the possibility of revising its tax system thoroughly
Numerous acts of the Regular Session of 1937 and of the Special Session of 19371938 accomplished this aim Guaranteed relief to real estate was provided when a Constitutional amendment was adopted exempting from state county and school taxes the first 2500 value of all owneroccupied homes A personal property exemption of 300 brought relief from state county school and municipal taxation for all tax payers
The entire aim of tax reorganization was the assumption by the State of the responsibility for paying for basic governmental services in order to relieve counties and school districts of the necessity of having to overtax real estate to maintain these same services often and too frequently in an insufficient manner
The State did not attempt to assume absolute control and direction of the services It was more interested in paying the bill in order to assure to the citizens of every county the services they needed and to which they were entitled In every instance the assumption by the State of the cost was accompanied by laws leaving with local governments control over active direction of the activities whether health welfare or education The State assumed no more control than was absolutely necessary in guaranteeing thatThe funds delivered to counties for specific purposes were utilized in the most effective manner to reach as many citizens as possible
Thus the State came to occupy the role of forming general policies of health education and welfare and left to the local governments the actual active direction of distribution of services in accordance with these policies
The Public Welfare Department was organized especially with this principle in mind and to locally selected boards went the authority for saying who should receive direct benefits from the large public assistance fund They likewise were given authority over employment of personnel in the County Welfare Departments subject only to minimum standards of training and experience established by the State Department
This review of conditions of the State and of the general plan for its rehabilitation has been given to show that the duties of the Public Welfare Department are interwoven with a program directed toward a goal the Department could hardly reach alone The Welfare Department occupies a large place in this general program and has attempted to coordinate its work with that of other Departments in order that the desired results may be attained in as few years as possible
The review also shows that Governor Rivers Little New Deal was sorely needed for Georgia and that without the broadened concept of the functions of State Government economic progress of the State would have been practically impossible
This is especially true in view of the fact that the State Administration immediately preceding that of Governor Rivers frowned on efforts of the National Administrations New Deal displayed an open antagonism to the national government and by various acts had blocked efforts of Federal relief agencies to bring aid into Georgia
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Contrasted to this view was that of Governor Rivers that the job to be done in the State was so tremendous that the State could not undertake it alone His idea was for the State to accept any aid offered by the Federal agencies to seek this aid and to work in cooperation with Federal agencies on every front where social improvement was needed
In practically every one of its undertakings the Welfare Department has depended upon Federal financial assistance and in every instance where Federal funds have been available the department has taken advantage of these funds to the fullest Its program would have been impossible without cordial relations between the State and Federal Governments and its achievements without cooperation with Federal agencies would have been far less than they have been
Many of the changes made in the State governmental organization by the General Assembly of 1937 were brought about with the direct view of creating State agencies which would and could bring into play within the State Federal activities which had been held out by the previous administration
Since January 1937 the forces directed toward economic reconstruction of the State have been turned loose full swing and Georgia has been started on the way toward better living for all of its citizens in all walks of life
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DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
II
THE OLD SYSTEM
The immediate predecessor of the present State Department of Public Welfare was the State Board of Control of Eleemosynary Institutions and its subsidiary Public Welfare Department
The Board of Control was created in 1931 to take charge of all State institutions previously operated under independent boards In the vast reorganization of various State Departments made in that same year the Board was delegated to assume control also over the then existing Public Welfare Department
The Board of Control consisted of twelve membersone from each of the ten Congressional Districts of the State one from the State at large and the Governor as an ex officio member An executive secretary served as the full time officer and director of activities
Institutions coming under the Board were the Milledgeville State Hospital for mental disease patients The Georgia Training School for Mental Defectives at Gracewood for juveniles The Georgia Training School for Boys a correctional institution at Milledgeville The Georgia Training School for Girls a correctional institution in Atlanta the Georgia Tuberculosis Sanitorium at Alto The Georgia Academy for the Blind at Macon the Georgia School for the Deaf at Cave Spring and the Confederate Soldiers Home in Atlanta
Generally speaking legislative appropriations for the operation and maintenance of the institutions were made specifically for each institution through the Board of Control so that the Board s primary function became the setting of general policies for operation of each institution the approval of budgets for them and the selection of institution superintendents and other personnel The management of each institution was left to its superintendent under the general supervision of the Boards policies
Prior to the Reorganization Act of 1931 the Department of Public Welfare had been governed by a board of five members appointed by the Governor with the Governor serving as the sixth and exofficio member When it became a division of the Board of Control it functioned through an executive secretary named by the Board of Control
The Department was created originally in 1919 when the General Assembly became alarmed over reports of cruelty in an institution for dependent children Under these circumstances the Public Welfare Department was created especially with a view of having jurisdiction over children s institutions and was charged with the duty of inspecting all such organizations operating in the State
The Department was able from time to time to broaden its functions but generally confined its activities to child welfare services Limited funds hampered the development of a statewide actively directed program the Department of necessity having to work through the few counties in which organizations existed for general welfare work
In the work with children s institutions the Department had no real lever for forcing obedience to any set of standards merely having the right to institute suit for closing of any institution it found operating improperly or to the detriment of the children housed in it It of necessity had to operate on the basis of persuasion and gradual betterment of any conditions it found unsatisfactory
The general aims and functions of the Department were outlined in a report for the vears 19321935 They were
1 Administer the Child Placing Act
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STATE OF GEORGIA
2 Promote the work of the Georgia Childrens Service Society by giving the full time services of one member of the staff and cooperation of other members of the staff This service is given since this statewide Child Caring Society does work which would otherwise devolve on the Department
3 Service to County Child Health and Welfare Councils
4 Assistance with Family cases by mail and personal contact
5 Adjusting problems of persons coming directly to the office of the Department
6 Inspect and give advisory service to county jails State county municipal and private institutions and organizations which are of an eleemosynary charitable correctional or reformatory character
7 Investigatecomplaints from persons in institutions or those served by agencies and make adjustments as far as possible
8 Serve as clearing house for information on social work including sending out various kinds
of literature loaning of books and information by special letters j
9 Service to groups which are planning to open new Institutions or agencies a conscientious effort being made to prevent the creation of unnecessary institutions and agencies
10 Publish the bulletin Public Welfare each month for a mailing list of 3100
11 Pass on plans for new or renovated jails almshouses and other institutions
12 Maintain registration system for all inmates in childrens institutions and some State eleemosynary institutions
13 Promote the Georgia Conference on Social Work
14 Special studies of social problems in entire institutions or certain counties
15 Talks before groups by members of staff
16 Advisory service to contributors to charitable organizations
17 Administer the State Recreation Park in Morgan County
From this series of functions it appears quite evident that the old Public Welfare Department acted almost entirely as an advisory organization to assist local welfare directors private agencies and juvenile courts in specific cases referred to it The Department did not have sufficient funds to set up and operate a child welfare service on its own initiative but had to depend on other agencies to refer cases to it
All welfare activities other than those coming under the Department and other than the care of persons committed to State institutions were left for the counties and municipalities The State contributed not at all to direct relief of the indigent sponsored no general welfare service and took no part in general relief activities except to attempt to interest counties in establishing competent welfare organizations
Through 1935 the Welfare Department was successful in getting fifteen counties of the 159 of the State to organize welfare agencies in addition to the five larger citiesAugusta Savannah Macon Atlanta and Columbuswhich contributed to the support of Family Welfare Societies
In the remainder of the counties the expenditure of funds for relief and welfare purposes was under the direction of county commissions or ordinaries in those counties having the onecommissioner system of operation The expenditure of pauper funds was retained by the commissioners in a few of those counties having welfare agencies
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DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
In the same report mentioned previously the old Welfare Department had this to say of the pauper fund system of relief
Since the early beginnings of the State the counties of Georgia have been giving to their dependent citizens small monthly or quarterly grants From a long list of applicants the Board of County Commissioners or Ordinary selects those who are deemed most needy and the eligible ones are placed on the pauper list The amount of a monthly pension might depend on the financial condition of the county or upon the standing of the citizen who assisted the pensioner in getting on the list County officials generally know the applicants and do not deem further investigations necessary Many of these cases could be kept off the pauper list by the help of case work with relatives and friends But once placed on the list they usually stay until death
The same report also related
The Department of Public Welfare has at the request of county officials studied the entire pauper lists of certain counties with startling results In one case relatives were cashing the pension checks of the dead pensioner In many cases instances were found where relatives would gladly care for their own aged persons and thereby save the county much expense
County pensions range from 100 to about 1500 per month but families receiving as much as 1500 are exceptional The average amount received is between 400 and 500
The highest figure of county relief expenditures in recent years was shown by the Welfare Department to be 88173149 for the year 1933 The figures for the fouryear period 1932 through 1935 were given in the last report of the old Department as follows
COST OF OUTDOOR RELIEF AND CASES AND INDIVIDUALS SERVED
1932
1933
1934
1935
DURING 1932193319341935
Annual Cost
Cases Individuals Total Cost Per Case Per Capita
10735 25178 61914914 5700 2400
11306 29552 88173149 7700 2900
10685 24685 63084232 5900 2500
16885 34799 71178513 4200 2000
NOTE In a few cases where counties did not send in reports reports of former years were used Above costs include only the monthly grants to county cases Pauper burials and physicians calls are excluded
Little information was gathered regularly on the welfare expenditures of cities prior to 1935 when the Works Progress Administration provided a Social Security Survey of the State This survey found that in 1935 the expenditures by cities for welfare purposes were
City relief74015969
Keeping children in institutions 577793
Other 20261988
Total
94855750
These expenditures by cities and counties came several years after the beginning of the depression when governmental agencies had stretched their financial sources to meet as well as possible the crying need for some form of relief
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It was into the situation of this kind that the Federal Government came with its relief program starting in the fall of 1932 with Reconstruction Finance Corporation loans to aid governmental units in their distress
The first stumbling block met in obtaining Federal funds was in the insufficiency of county welfare organizations With so few counties having specialized agencies few were able to procure the money and bring immediate benefits to their people
With the beginning of the Federal Emergency Relief Administration in 1933 the need for such county organizationsbecame acute In accordance with the Federal program a State Emergency Relief Commission was appointed to direct relief activities in Georgia and counties were called upon to organize county relief offices Between July 1933 and November 1933 all but eleven counties of the State were so organized funds of the FERA paying for all administrative expenses and direct relief grants except for the relief expenditures counties already were making
The eleven counties which did not have relief agencies in November 1933 soon organized them for it was in that month that the Civil Works Administration started functioning with its program of work relief projects The Emergency Relief Administration continued to function for the distribution of direct relief and for certifications to CWA
Thus the Federal Government through its emergency agencies provided for the first time in Georgia a welfare office in every county The social worker was introduced to many counties for the first time the FERA requiring that trained personnel be placed in charge of all offices
The joint work of the FERA and the CWA continued under sponsorship of the Georgia Emergency Relief Administration until April 19 1935 when relationships between the Federal agencies and the State administration then in power became so strained that the FERA decided to stop all dealings with the State government and to federalize entirely the administration of relief in Georgia
Divorcing the State from all connection with the FERA and CWA the agencies continued to operate independently of the State with the FERA continuing to pay for the maintenance of relief offices in the various counties
On July 1 1935 the work and direct relief of the FERA was discontinued in favor of the Works Progress Administration and the Federal Government began its policy of discontinuing all direct relief and substituting for it the system of work relief for which the WPA was organized Between July 1 1935 and December 1 1935 the FERA dwindled its direct relief activities turning back to the counties the responsibility for caring for the unemployables
During this entire time however the FERA had continued to support financially the county administrative agencies but intended that the administrative costs should be shifted to the counties after December 1 1935 The condition of countieswas such however that the agency continued until April 1937 to pay practically all of the administrative costs incident to certification of persons for WPA and other Federal benefits
With prospects of the fund disappearing rapidly and leaving the counties without means of operating welfare agencies the FERA in April had to reduce its allocations to the counties and the remaining money was used to pay for 50 per cent of the administrative costs in each county for April May and June 1937 In most counties the allowance was limited to half the salary for one social worker
The provision of FERA funds for counties administrative costs for such a long period was unusual Most other States had assumed the obligation of providing administrative expenses in return for the tremendous amount of relief money given citizens In Georgia however the
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DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
attitude of the Administration in office until January 1937 was such that the Federal agencies could depent on no cooperation Counties pleaded inability to carry the bills
Counties were limited in the amount of money they could spend for relief and welfare purposes The State Constitution fixed county taxes which could be levied for welfare purposes at one fourth of the State tax on real estate With the State tax constitutionally limited to five mills the most any county could levy was one and onequarter millsa figure yielding less than 5000 for 107 counties of the State with digests under 4000000 Practically all of this amount in any county had to go for the care of persons ineligible for WPA work or other Federal benefits
It was a situation of this kind that the new State Department of Public Welfare found when it was organized in February 1937 It was to bring into Georgia Social Security for the needy aged for dependent children and for the needy blind to relieve counties of the necessity of caring for this load which they had been unable to carry adequately for many years
It was to bring to every county a wellorganized welfare department financed partially by State and local funds for the administration of all welfare activitiessocial security WPA certifications CCC certifications distribution of surplus commodities child welfare services crippled childrens services and general relief
The need for such an agency on the part of the State had been long felt in Georgia It became acute in the early part of 1937 when it developed that funds of the FERA could no longer be depended upon to pay for operating county offices to bring in other Federal benefits Had the situation continued without some action on the part of the State those counties unable financially to operate welfare offices would have had to watch the WPA and other Federal benefits pass them by Practically all emergency relief work on the part of the Federal Government would have been discontinued eventually in many counties and in all probability only the larger counties would have been able to provide the necessary machinery for keeping the unemployed in line for work on public projects
The State was prohibited constitutionally from engaging in any of these activities through strict limitations on the purposes for which revenues could be spent The situation had been realized by some members of the General Assembly but all efforts to bring about constitutional changes had been blocked by the questioned veto power of a Governor irate against the Federal administration and the benefits it was attempting to bring to unfortunate Georgians
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III
FIGHT FOR PROGRESS
The National Social Security Act was signed by President Franklin D Roosevelt in 1935 The measure introduced to many parts of the United States a type of legislation which was entirely new in principle The purpose of the act was to bring to all types of people security from depressions security against poverty in early life and security against destitution in old age
Calling as it did for financial participation by States before Federal funds could become available for the payments to the aged the dependent children the needy blind for services to dependent mothers and to crippled children and for insurance against unemployment the measure caught Georgia entirely unprepared to share in its benefits
The Constitution of the State specified absolutely the purposes for which public funds could be spent and welfare services of the Social Security type were not included in the purposes listed Likewise the Constitution limited the purposes for which county funds could be expended and the amount of funds which could be spent in relief to paupers
Thus before the State could ever hope to take part in the Social Security program before it could bring economic security of a new type to its people it was necessary that the Constitution be amended
Forseeing the necessity for this and desiring that Georgians should have these benefits the General Assembly of 1935 passed proposed amendments to bring about the changes Besides requiring a twothirds vote of the membership of each house of the Assembly a Constitutional Amendment must also be ratified by the voters at a general election
Never before in the history of the State had the question arisen as to the right of a Governor to veto a proposed Constitutional amendment and prevent it from being submitted to the people because no Governor ever had attempted to use his veto power in any such manner But the Governor in power in Georgia in 1935 saw fit to use his power to stop the proposals
In doing this he shut off from the State effectively the entire Social Security program with the exception of those parts not requiring State participation With the legislature meeting only once every two years it of necessity had to be 1937 before the same proposals could be passed through the Assembly again Had they not been vetoed in 1935 they could have been submitted at the General Election of 1936 and if passed then could have been put into effect at the 1937 session
One of the authors of the proposed amendments was E D Rivers then Speaker of the House of Representatives He bitterly assailed the then Governor for his veto action and entered the gubernatorial race the following year pledging himself to Social Security in its fullest His election was overwhelming over two opponents one of them backed actively by the Governor who had vetoed the proposed amendments
Rivers as GovernorElect in the fall of 1936 wasted no time in laying plans for instituting Social Security as rapidly as possible As soon as his election was assured he appointed Lamar Murdaugh McRae attorney his representative in preparing necessary legislation This legislation involved the reorganization of the State Welfare Department into an agency sufficient to cope with Georgias welfare problems sufficient to administer Social Security and sufficient to see to it that emergency relief benefits of the Federal Government continued to come to Georgia without possibility of loss because the State would not assume its just obligations
The legislation also included the necessary Constitutional amendments to permit the State to use its moneys for Social Security purposes
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DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
When the General Assembly of 1937 met in January the legislationdrafted carefully so as to be sure the new State organization would meet all Federal requirementswas ready for presentation The Assembly quickly passed the proposed amendments one to permit the State to spend its funds for old age assistance aid to the needy blind aid to the dependent children and other welfare benefitsthe other provided the same power for counties
The General Assembly knowing that unless some special provision were made the amendments would not be voted on by the people until November 1938 promptly created a new General Election to be held in June of the odd numbered years
The Assembly also passed the Welfare Reorganization Act the Public Assistance and other Social Security Acts The New Department of Public Welfarethe Department designed to bring as many benefits as possible to needy Georgianscame into being February 25 1937 when the Governor signed the reorganization act and appointed Mr Murdaugh Welfare Director
The action was not complete yet however There still remained the necessity of submitting the Constitutional amendments Without them the Department could procure no money for engaging in Social Security activities An appropriation was made to it for the fiscal period ending June 30 1937 sufficient for it to set up the organization of the Department however and another appropriation was made to become effective July 1 1937 to permit operation of the Social Security system
This gave the Department time to execute that part of the law requiring that each county maintain a welfare department composed of a board of five members a trained director and such other personnel as was necessary It also gave the Department time to draft and submit for approval of the Federal Social Security Board plans for the administration of old age assistance aid to the blind and aid to dependent children and child welfare services
Prior to the June 8 election on the amendments the Governor who had once vetoed similar amendment proposals stumped the State in opposition to them Numerous other amendments of a farreaching nature were submitted at the same election26 in alland each of them was ratified at the polls
As soon as the election was over application forms for Social Security benefits were distributed to all county welfare departments in order that payments might be started in July when the previously voted fund for social security would become available
The new Welfare Department entered its full activities July 1 1937 For the first time the State was completely organized in every county with a local welfare department For the first time the State was adequately equipped to give direct assistance to those of its citizens who found the economic battle for subsistance too great for them or who found the economic catastrophies over which they had no control a stumbling block to their making a living
While the desire for Social Security was the immediate prompter of the activity in favor of welfare reorganization and an expansion of the States duties in the public welfare field the fact was not overlooked that the machinery for all forms of welfare work had been inadequate and had broken down when the need had been the worst in the States history
With this in view the welfare reorganization was accomplished to overcome the ills of long standing and to give to Georgia the means of lifting itself economically from an undesirable level
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IV
THE NEW SYSTEM
The transfer from the old system of public welfare administration to the new was started February 25 1937 when Governor Rivers signed six legislative acts to create the new Department of Public Welfare and properly equip it with power to carry out its functions
The first of these acts was the Welfare Reorganization measure abolishing the old Board of Control and transferring its powers and duties to the new Department Two others were the necessary constitutional amendment proposals to permit the State and its counties to levy taxes for support of the Social Security system
Separate acts were passed for the administration of Old Age Assistance Aid to Dependent Children and Aid to the Needy Blind
A seventh actthat permitting the State Department to administer services for crippled children in conjunction with the Federal programwas passed later at the same session of the General Assembly
With the signing of the Welfare Reorganization Act the old Board of Control of Eleemosynary Institutions was abolished and all of its duties and powers transferred to the new Department of Public Welfare
Many of the powers of the old Board were increased by the Act This was especially true of those relating to the regulation and supervision of private institutions for the care of children supervision of child placing supervision of probation and parole systems and other special services which had been operated through the old Department of Public Welfare as a branch of the Board of Control
Besides assuming the functions of the Board of Control the new Department also was given the administration of pensions for exConfederate Soldiers and Sailors and their widows a function previously conducted through the State Veterans Service Office This office was not abolished but was continued as an agency for rendering assistance to veterans of all wars except the War Between the States
To these old duties transferred from the other agencies were added many new ones for the Department Primarily it was charged with setting up a statewide organization which would make possible in the State operation of Social Security benefits under the Federal law and of carrying into every county all types of special assistance welfare work and social service
The organization of the new Department was based to a large extent on requirements which had to be met by the State in order to receive the Federal Social Security funds for aid to the aged to the blind to dependent children and to other special groups
It was essential that a State agency be created with sufficient authority to deal for the entire State with Federal agencies having funds available since the Federal agencies were prohibited from dealing directly with counties It was essential too under Federal rules and regulations that the services offered to any part of the State should be available equally in every county
For this reason the Welfare Reorganization Act made it mandatory that each county organize and operate a County Welfare Department The Department for each county was to consist of a board of five members a director and such other personnel as was necessary to the functioning of the department Due to the fact that Federal requirements were that operation should be uniform in every part of the State the State Department was empowered Section 10 Reorganization Act of 1937 in event that any county board is not named within a reasonable time as
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DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
provided for in this section to name the board through the State Director The exercise of this power was not necessary in the organization of the various county departments
The appointment of the county boards was vested in each countys constituted fiscal or financial agent thus placing the power with county commissions in those counties operating under the commission system and with ordinaries in those counties operating under the system whereby the ordinary is ex officio the county commissioner
The selection of county welfare directors was vested in these County Welfare Boards the selections being subject to review of the State Department for the purpose of enforcing minimum requirements as to training and experience of the county directors Additional personnel selected by the Boards also was made subject to this same review by the State Department
The State Department was so organized as to function primarily through the Director appointed by the Governor with Senate confirmation for a term of two years In addition a State Public Welfare Board of six members was created to serve as an advisory and policy forming board advising with the Director regarding the adoption of all policies rules and regulations for the Department Section 4 Reorganization Act of 1937
The Board also was empowered in consultation with the Director to fix minimum standards of service and personnel and to formulate salary schedules for the classified service based upon training experience and general ability of persons selected for positions in the State Department and county departments of public welfare ibid
Under the plan of organization and operation the key to administration of welfare services of all types in Georgia became the county welfare department All direct contact with persons seeking any welfare service with the exception of a few special activities were routed through county departments not the State Department All determinations as to need of applicants for any type of assistance were left with the county departments subject to review of the State Department only to the extent of determining compliance with Federal or State regulations All awards of benefits of every type were placed under control of the County Departments subject to a similar review by the State Department only to determine necessary compliance with Federal and State regulations
Since the proper functioning of the county departments bore so heavily on the success of the new welfare organization and since past experience had shown that most counties were financially unable to maintain adequate welfare organizations to cope with the extensiveness of needs it became apparent that the State must participate in the support of the county systems
The reorganization and administrative measures placed the responsibility of the Counties in the new Social Security system at 10 per cent of the amount of benefits paid the State assuming 40 per cent of the cost of old age assistance and aid to the blind the Federal Government bearing the other 50 per cent In the case of aid to dependent children the counties likewise paid 10 per cent the Federal Government one third and the State the balance
In the administrative costs of maintaining the county offices the State likewise assumed a large part of the responsibility The original act called for the State to pay 90 per cent of the cost of administering the Social Security program However the flow of money from the State treasury restricted by the grandfather clause made it impossible for the State to assume the full amount of its obligations immediately upon beginning of the program in July An amendment to the appropriations act at the Special Session of the General Assembly freed further funds for county administrative costs and generally the State was able to bear its full responsibility during the first six months of 1938 The contribution of the State to county administrative costs was limited however by the appropriation measure to 10 per cent of the amount of Social Security benefits distributed in the county during the month for which expenses were paid During
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the fiscal year July 11937June 30 1938 total grants by the State to counties for administrative purposes were 24510705 for maintenance of the 159 county departments
As the total amount expended for old age assistance aid to the blind and aid to dependent children increases there will follow a natural increase in the amount of money available for each countys administrative costs
In order to prevent a complete breakdown in the operation of any county department the State Department is equipped with an equalization fund which can be used to stop emergencies under which welfare activities might cease
Due to the fact that public assistance funds were not to become available until July 1 1937 the State Department was forced to devote most of its work until that date to formation of the department and its policies
In practically every county of the State in February 1937 the Federal Emergency Relief Administration funds were being used to maintain offices for the certification of applicants for WPA work CCC enrollment NYA assistance and other forms of Federal relief
The reunion between the Federal and State Governments on relief administration came in April 1937 when the State Department agreed to take over all Federal certifications through the various county departments In many instances personnel of the FERApaid offices in the counties was transferred to County Welfare Departments with no delay in operations
It was not until July that every county had completed the selection of board members and had actually set up a welfare department in compliance with the new law It likewise was not until July that the State Department was able to begin its contributions toward the cost of county department administration Temporary arrangements had been made from April until July 1 for the last available FERA funds to be used to pay partially for the costs
From the point of view of organization alone the State of Georgia beginning in July 1937 j was equipped for the first time in its history to render full complete and direct welfare services of every type to the citizens of the entire State whether they lived in remote rural areas or in congested urban centers
The modernization of welfare administration was thorough and complete and answered the States crying need for more attention to general social problems and to the specific problems of individuals who had met distress The extended welfare services reached every community and the availability of these services to any county no longer depended alone upon the ability of that county to provide its own funds
It is natural that the county with the least taxable assets the one with the lowest income will be the one to find it most difficult to provide adequate facilities of any kind to its citizens It is just as natural that the county with the most poverty the most need for welfare services the most need for relief likewise will be the county to find it most difficult to meet these needs of its citizens
The new State Department of Public Welfare was designed to overcome this handicap to the poor counties and to take its services and its efforts toward rehabilitation and reconstruction into the areas with the most need This system came from the realization that the progress and prosperity of the State depended upon the success of all citizens in all parts of the State and not upon the accumulation of wealth in a few big centers
PART II
ADMINISTRATIVE ORGANIZATION
Lamar Murdaugh
Director State Department of Public Welfare
I
STATE DEPARTMENT
The law creating the State Department of Public Welfare permitted wide flexibility in the organization of the Department for the effective and efficient administration of its duties
The Welfare Reorganization Act provided only that there should be a Director and a State Board of six members in addition to the Director Other than these specific provisions the Act declared that there shall be created in the Department such divisions as the State Department may find necessary for the effective administration of the State Department The Director shall have the power to allocate and reallocate functions among the divisions within the Department with the advice of the State Board
Due to the fact that the Act fixed the State Board as an advisory body the activities of the Department were centered in the office of the Director appointed by the Governor for a term running concurrently with that of the Governor naming him The Governors term is two years
In selecting the Director the Governor was required to consider qualification of candidates as to training experience and ability in public welfare administration
Two limitations were placed upon selections of the Governor for members of the State Board one must be a medical doctor another a dentist and the six members must be selected so as to represent the north east south and west sections of the State
The State Board was directed to serve as an advisory body to the Director on all matters of policy and was empowered to assist the Director in setting up minimum standards of training experience and ability for the Department personnel and to assist the Director in establishing a salary schedule for the Department
Members of the State Board were given no salary or per diem but were allowed actual expenses incident to attendance at Board meetings and other official acts
The Welfare Act designates the Director as the executive and administrative officer of the Department and all functions of the Department are dependent upon him under a system of centralized control of operations
In addition to his duties as executive officer of the Department he is charged also with the following duties by the Act
He shall prepare and submit to the State Board for its approval an annual budget of all funds necessary to be appropriated by the Legislature for the State Department for the purposes of this Act including in such budget an estimate of Federal funds which may be allotted to the State by the Federal Government for the purposes of this Act He shall prepare annually a full report of the operations and administration of the State Department together with recommendations and suggestions and such report shall be submitted to the Governor not later than three months after the close of the fiscal year The Director shall appoint such personnel as may be necessary for the efficient performance of the duties prescribed in this Act
All welfare functions and emergency relief activities formerly centered in State of County agencies were transferred to the new Department the duties of which are outlined in Section 6 of the Welfare Reorganization Act of 1937
Sec 6 Activities of the State Department The State Department shall be charged with the administration or supervision of all county welfare departments of the State as hereinafter provided The State Department shall
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DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
1 Administer or supervise all forms of public assistance including general home relief outdoor and indoor care for persons in need oldage assistance aid to dependent children aid to the blind or otherwise handicapped the operation of State charitable and eleemosynary institutions
he supervision of agencies and institutions caring for dependent or mentally or physically handicapped or aged adults approval of the incorporation of charitable agencies and such other welfare activities or services as may be vested in it
I minister or supervise all child welfare activities including those services as provided
for in Public Number 271 Title V Part 3 as enacted by the 74th Congress of the United States m House Resolution 7260 the importation of children licensing and supervising of private and local public child caring agencies and institutions the care of dependent neglected and delinquent children m foster family homes or in institutions the protection of children for adoption or those of illegitimate birth the operation of State institutions for children and cooperation in the supervision of juvenile probation
3 Cooperate with the Federal Government its agencies or instrumentalities in establishing extending and strengthening services for the protection and care of homeless dependent and neglected children and children in danger of becoming delinquent and to receive and expend all unds made available to the Department by the Federal Government or State or its political subdivisions for such purposes
4 Administer or supervise all mental hygiene work including the operation of all State
institutions for the care of mentally ill or feebleminded persons and of noninstitutional care for this group
5 Cooperate in the supervision of all correctional activities including the operation of all t e penal and correctional institutions of the State together with parole supervising of probation services segregation of first offenders and the inspection of local jails
6 Provide services to county governments including the organization and supervision of county welfare departments for the effective administration of welfare functions and the compilation of statistics and necessary information relative to public welfare problems throughout the State
7 Prescribe qualifications and salary standards for welfare personnel in State and county welfare departments
8 Assist other departments agencies and institutions of the State and Federal Government when so requested by performing services in conformity with the purpose of this Act
9 Act as the agent of the Federal Government in welfare matters of mutual concern in con ormity with this Act and the administration of any Federal funds granted to the State to aid in the furtherance of any functions of the State Department
10 Under rules and regulations prescribed by the State Department designate county departments to serve as agents in the performance of all State welfare activities in the county
11 Administer such additional welfare functions as are hereby or hereinafter may be vested in it by law
12 Administer the payment of pensions to exConfederate soldiers and sailors and their dependents and perform all of the duties and responsibilities therewith which have heretofore been under the supervision and jurisdiction of the Veterans Service Office under and by virtue of Title 78 Chapter 78201 of the 1933 Code of Georgia and as may hereafter be more specifically provided for in Section 19 of this Act
13 Have the right which is hereby vested in said State Department to designate private institutions as State Institutions and contract with such private institutions for such activities
STATE OF GEORGIA 29
in carrying out the provisions of this Act as the Department may deem necessary from time to time and to exercise such supervision and cooperation in the operation of such designated private institutions andor agencies so designated as the Department may deem necessary
14 Have the right and authority to accept gifts or donations with full power to execute in connection with such gifts and donations for welfare purposes as may be prescribed by the donors thereof
15 Be empowered with authority to delegate in whole or in part the operation of any institution or other activity of this Department to any other appropriate Department or Agency of the State County or Municipal Governments and to contract with and cooperate with such Departments or subdivisions in any manner proper for carrying out the purposes of this Act
16 Be empowered with authority to create and establish a Board of Trustees for the Milledgeville State Hospital andor any other eleemosynary institution of the State with general representation from each congressional district of the State on any board which may be established such board or boards to be empowered with duties and authority delegated to them by the State Department and to function under the direction of the State Department and to cooperate with the State Purchasing Department in connection with the purchasing of supplies and necessities for such institution or institutions such board or boards in the discretion of the State Department to be established whenever andor wherever practicable and advisable for the operation of such institution or institutions
17 Certify and approve such hospitals applying therefor which may be found to be eligible to render hospital service under any group nonprofit hospital insurance plan which may be approved and become effective and supervise the services rendered by hospitals operating under such plan with authority to withdraw approval from any hospital which subsequently may under rules and regulations of the State Department become ineligible for rendering such services provided that in fixing rules and regulations in this connection or in enforcing such rules hospitals interested therein shall be given opportunity be be heard
The abolishment of the old Board of Control was accompanied by provisions in the Act to transfer all of its duties and functions to the Department of Public Welfare These duties many of them enlarged by the preceding section of the Reorganization act were
I State Eleemosynary Institutions and Agencies sec 35106
a Establish rules and regulations
b Visit and inspect state eleemosynary institutions and agencies
II A Private Institutions and Agencies Charitable or Correctional sec 99101
1 Inspect and give advisory service
2 Authority to secure information and State statistics
3 Review plans for new charitable institutions sec 99103
B Jailssec 99101
1 Inspect and give advisory service
2 Plans for new jails and reformatories and correctional institutions must be submitted to the Board for recommendations sec 99103
III LicensingActs 1935 p 3478
License new charitable agencies or institutions
IV Statisticssec 99105
Correct compile and publish statistics regarding dependent delinquent and defective classes
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DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
V Inquiries
Inquiries called by the Governor sec 99107
Summons witnesses and require evidence for inquiries called by Governor
VI Prosecutesec 99101
Prosecute for fraudulent solicitation or misappropriation of charitable funds
VII Committeessec 99104
Appointment of local visiting committee
VIII Child Placingsec 99201212
a Pass on applicants for child placing licenses
b Investigate work of licensed child placing agencies once a year
c Report improper placements to court
d Receive bond of 1000 for each child brought into State for placement
IX Additional Child Welfare Services Ga Laws 1935 p 490491
a Cooperate in arranging care for neglected children
b Investigate children in almshouses penal institutions or jails and cooperate in
arranging better care
c Cooperate in arranging care for begging children or those lacking proper guidance
d Demonstrate improved methods in planning for children
e Receive and expend federal funds and local funds for children
In the carrying out of these functions the Department had to be organized with two principle problems in mind setting up the most efficient possible organization to procure the best results from operation and compliance with Federal requirements incident to the receipt of special funds for assistance to the aged to the blind and to dependent children and special funds for child welfare and other services
In the creation and formation of the various divisions of the Department numerous conferences were conducted with representatives of the Federal Social Security Board and each division was set up on a plan of operation and procedure approved by this Board As a result of this close cooperation between the State Department and the Federal Board the Department has encountered no difficulty in receiving funds for the carrying on of public assistance and other special welfare activities
The smallest division of the Department from a personnel point of view is the Administrative which consists of the Director his Administrative Assistant a secretarial staff The State Board also is classed in this division for accounting purposes
The detailed financial records required on account of the expenditures of funds from three different sourcesState county and Federal governmentsnecessitated the creation of the Division of Accounts and Finance which handles all funds for the Department
To the Public Assistance Division went supervision of all forms of relief both emergency and permanent The Division supervises and controls the public assistance program of aid to the needy aged aid to the blind and aid to dependent children It also directs certification of applicants for Works Progress Administration jobs for enrollment in the Civilian Conservation Corps for assistance under the National Youth Administration for general relief and for surplus commodities
It is into this division that the Statistical Division was incorporated for the gathering of detailed information and records on relief and welfare activities of every type Detailed reports of all activities have to be submitted to the Federal Social Security Board monthly quarterly and annually In addition the Statistical Division handles all necessary statistical work for other

Organization of State Welfare Department

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DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
divisions and due to this reason probably will be made into a separate division outside control of the Public Assistance Division
The Public Assistance Division also has charge of the Case Referral Section which acts as a central stenographic bureau for the State Department has charge of the voluminous files of the State Department and answers all inquiries from whatever source for special advice or information concerning operation of the Department or any of its services This section also lends assistance in the clearing of cases involving other States
The Child Welfare Division was deemed essential to the Department in view of the expanded services for children under the new organization Subdivisions of this division are charged with the administration of child welfare services with direction of private institutions of custodial and corrective nature and with services to crippled children
Due to the fact that the crippled childrens program is primarily a medical program plans were formulated for creation of a separate division for this service soon after July 1 1938 Likewise the subdivision of Institutions and Corrections was due to undergo a change and to become the Division of Adult Services due to the fact that many of its functions were outside the pale of child welfare services
In July 1937 the Works Progress Administration called on the State Department to assume sponsorship and direction of the distribution of surplus commodities available through the Federal Surplus Commodities Corporation Previously the WPA had conducted the work as one of its active projects Thus the Division of Commodity Distribution was created the WPA continuing to furnish most of the labor needed for operation of warehouses and actual distribution of the food The States financial responsibility extended to staffing the State office with its primary officials and providing funds for paying expenses of distribution other than labor and clerical assistance
The transfer to the State Department from the Veterans Service Office of the responsibility of administering pensions for exConfederate Soldiers and Sailors and their widows demanded the creation of a special division for handling this work It first started as a branch of the Public Assistance Division but later was made independent of it
When the Department was first started it was deemed necessary to have a legal division until the formulation of all plans of operation for submission to Federal agencies for approval and until the department could be organized completely This work entirely finished the legal division was abolished January 1 1938
Each of the divisions was placed in charge of a Director responsible directly to the State Director in all matters
Due to the fact that the Department was instructed to supervise all County Departments it was found necessary to establish district offices throughout the State for close contact and rapid communication between the county departments and a representative of the State Department The district officerswho function under divisions of the State Departmentserve as the liaison between the State and County Departments and likewise assist the county departments in all matters of relief and welfare administration in the interest of effective operation
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II
DISTRICT ORGANIZATION
Responsibilities of the State Department of Public Welfare under both Georgia and Federal laws for supervision over all relief and welfare activities in the State resulted in the formation of district offices for close contact with County Departments of Public Welfare
The district offices in every instance were established with a view of assuring the State ability to carry out its contracts with Federal Governmental agencies from which the Department draws much of its financial support
The District officers are not administrative officials with power and authority to direct action by County Welfare Departments They serve as advisors instructors and coordinators interpreting the general welfare program in its particular application to special problems of each county
In setting up the field offices the Department followed the division of the State according to Congressional Districts with headquarters as follows
First District Savannah Second Albany Third Columbus Fourth Newnan Fifth Atlanta Sixth Macon Seventh Marietta Eighth Waycross Ninth Gainesville and Tenth Augusta
With the exception of the change in assignments in five counties the Congressional District division was employed through July 1938 For the purposes of the Public Assistance Division Quitman Clay Randolph Terrell and Lee counties were transferred from the Third to the Second administrative districts to give a more balanced division of duties
The District offices have been maintained in quarters furnished by the counties in which located at very little expense to the State The only exception is the Fifth District which maintains offices with the State Department in Atlanta
Aside from clerical assistance each office is the headquarters of three district officials district supervisors under the public assistance division district supervisors of statistics and commodities jointly under the public assistance accounts and finance and surplus commodities divisions of the State Department and district supervisors of child welfare services under the Child Welfare Division of the State Department The latter division has no district supervision in the Fifth District
Major changes in the field administration setup were in line for institution early in July 1938 following altered needs for developments during the preceding year
The Public Assistance Division due largely to increased duties impending in the certification of WPA applicants planned to create two new divisions with a reduction in the number of counties in each of the old districts
The several duties of the district supervisors of statistics and commodities together with a large increase in activities of the Surplus Commodities Distribution Division made it appear necessary to separate these functions and establish separate staffs
It was planned to continue 10 district supervisors of commodities only with the statisticians being reduced to four each being assigned to three of the twelve planned administrative districts Duties formerly performed by the statistical and commodity supervisors for the Accounts and Finance Division were to be absorbed by field auditors of the Division which was to be given another field auditor in addition to the two regularly in service
34
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
The amount of supervision over county department activities required of the State Department by Federal laws and regulations made it unwise to attempt this supervision in any manner other than through district offices Because of the number of counties and the size of the State cost of the administration under a plan of operating all functions through Atlanta with traveling agents would have been much greater
In the State Plan of Public Assistance Administration required by the Federal Social Security Board in order for the State to receive Federal funds the duties of district supervisors of public assistance are defined as follows
A Acts as a liaison person between the State office and the County Welfare Units to be an interpreter both ways of policies standards and procedures The responsibility of interpreting the requirements of the Social Security Board in order to maintain eligibility for Federal reimbursement to the State under the terms of the Social Security Act and the Welfare Reorganization Act of 1937 rests primarily with the Field Representative
B Makes a periodic evaluation of the work and abilities of the County Director and Case Supervisor and secures evaluations for the rest of the staff from the County Director and Supervisor Reports of such evaluations are sent regularly to the State office
C Advises with the County Director in his selection of personnel and discusses with him salary changes and additions to the staff on the basis of the needs of the county office
D Consults frequently with County Directors and Case Supervisors concerning the development and application of methods which give the most effective and understanding service to clients and recipients of public assistance
E Confers with the County Director in keeping the administrative costs at a minimum consistent with satisfactory service to persons under care
F Receives copies of complaints addressed to the State Department from local individuals or organizations in his area and discusses the investigation and adjustments necessary with County Director Usually a copy of the complaint is sent directly to the County Director
G Schedules case conferences with the saff of each county using case material which offers a means of teaching and principles and methods of case work with individuals and families
H Studies relief levels and case work practices of the various offices of the area as indicated by reports case records budgets and case conferences with workers
I Consults with the County Director in the development of efficient administration in the counties in stimulating community interest in the State program and in securing local leadership and participation through County Boards and other lay groups and individuals
J Studies community resources and assists the County Director in utilizing to the fullest extent medical church civic and other resources existing in the community which will further aid the client
K Advises with the County Director in establishing good interagency relationships and in thoroughly understanding the functions and scope of other agencies so that duplication and overlapping may be avoided and that harmonious and cooperative working relationships will be established
L Keeps a running community case record of each county in the area in which will be recorded the findings of each visit made to the county accompanied by an evaluation and such recommendations and changes as may appear desirable A copy of these county community case records is to be sent to the State Office at least once a month and a copy retained in the area office
STATE OF GEORGIA
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The work of the district supervisors of child welfare services is more highly specialized than that of the Public Assistance field representatives They have the same general duties in their sphere of operation as the Public Assistance Supervisors but of necessity must devote more of their time to consultations and assistance to county welfare directors in specific cases involving childrens problems This arises from the fact that not all counties have special child welfare workers and the field staff of the State Department attempts to supplement this shortage as near as possible in order that expert service may be rendered in every section of the State
Serving three divisions the district supervisors of statistics and commodities have manifold duties
Each of the supervisors bears the responsibility of seeing that statistical reports from each of his counties is filed on time and in proper order Accurate records of all activities have to be maintained throughout the State in order for the Department to supply necessary detailed statistical reports on operations to the Federal Social Security Board
The supervisors likewise bear the responsibility of training county directors in making their reports in keeping the necessary records and in explaining any changes in statistical methods
Further as representatives of the Accounts and Finance Division of the State Department they are responsible for seeing that all financial records are kept in proper manner They are not required to make the regular audits of operations this duty being left to field auditors of the Accounts and Finance Division
As representatives of the Surplus Commodity Distribution Division these Supervisors have to take an active part in direction of the program Commodities allotted to the State Department are distributed by Districts the supervisors in turn having to attend to allocation and distribution by counties A detailed record of all commodities handled has to be furnished the Surplus Commodities Corporation monthly and the liability for this report is placed with each supervisor for all the counties under his direction
Should the proposed change in the Statistical and Commodity offices be made the duties would be divided between supervisors of commodities and field statistical consultants
oa
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STATE OFFICE BUiLDINS
F m fi i t ii e V DEPARTMENTS OF
HE AL TH WELFARE AND EDUCATION
s r a r 3 f sed Nsi v
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CPNSTAN TIME
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DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
STATE OF GEORGIA
37
STATE OFFICE BUILDING
When the State Department of Public Welfare was created there was insufficient space in the Capitol Building to house it and it was necessary for the Department to rent quarters in the Hurt Building one of the larger office buildings of Atlanta The Department began efforts early in 1938 to erect a building of its own through assistance of the WPA or PWA The State Departments of Education and Public Health functioning in crowded quarters in the Capitol became interested in the movement and through funds derived from the State Stabilization Fund the three Departments pooled their resources and applied to the PWA for a grant to aid in construction of a 500000 building the architectural drawing of which is shown on the opposite page
The building will have three floors in addition to a daylight basement which will be used principally to house laboratories of the Health Department The first and second floors will be divided between the Health and Education Departments and the Welfare Department will have the third floor
The building will be located on Capitol Square facing one side of the State Capitol and its architectural lines will conform to those of the Capitol It is designed in the form of a blocked G with a large court and with every office having an outside exposure It will contain over 100000 feet of floor space
Both the Health and Education Departments had found it necessary to seek quarters outside the Capitol as State functions outgrew the building and the amount which was being paid in rent or upkeep or other buildings will in the space of a few years offset the States 55 per cent cost of the structure and in addition will permit greater efficiency in the operation of all three departments
38
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
III
COUNTY DEPARTMENTS
The administration of practically every welfare function of the State Department is dependent upon the Department of Public Welfare in each of the 159 counties of Georgia
The County Departments occupy positions of control over recipients of virtually all forms of special general and emergency relief carrying out their functions under general policies and regulations established by the State Department
Each County Department is composed of a Board of five members appointed by the fiscal agents of the county and of a Director with such assistants as the load of work demands
Minimum standards of training and experience fixed by the State Department and approved by the Federal Social Security Board govern the selection of personnel in the County organizations All personnel is selected by the County Board subject to approval of the State Department as to these minimum requirements
Standards vary according to the population and the resultant case load in the counties for the Directors but are constant throughout the State for case supervisors intake supervisors case workers senior visitors and junior visitors
In the fixing of the standards regulations governing the receipt by the State of Federal funds of all types had to be followed by the State Department in order to assure financial participation by the various Federal agencies Administrative audits by the Federal agencies check on State compliance with these regulations just as financial audits follow the expenditure of all funds
The County Director serves as the executive and administrative officer of the County Welfare Department being directly responsible to the County Board The Board is charged with passing upon all recommendations of the Director for distribution of social security funds and must approve each award made for old age assistance aid to the blind and aid to dependent children
The Board also governs the financial affairs of the Department receiving its funds in appropriations from the county and in refunds by the State Department
The scope of work of the County Department is practically unlimited the Welfare Reorganization Act of 1937 Section 13 defining its activities as follows
Subject to the rules and regulations of the State Department the County Department of Public Welfare shall be charged with the administration of all forms of public assistance in the county including home relief indoor and outdoor care for those in need aid to dependent children oldage assistance aid to the blind and otherwise handicapped the care and treatment of dependent neglected delinquent and handicapped children and such other welfare activities as shall be delegated to it by the State Department of Public Welfare or by the County Commissioners The county department shall also investigate and pass upon all applications for admission to and discharge from county institutions which provide care and treatment for indigents If appointed by a court of competent jurisdiction the Department of Public Welfare shall perform under the supervision of such court the function of probation officer or agent of the court in any welfare or penal matters which may be before it
In a few counties of the State general relief activities have been retained by agencies other than the County Department but in the main all welfare activities are now centered in these Departments for a thoroughly coordinated program throughout Georgia
39
STATE OF GEORGIA
Besides being the executive and administrative officer of the County Department the director is charged also with other special duties
1 Meet regularly with Board and serve as secretary of Board without voting privilege
2 Prepare and submit to the Board for its approval as quarterly and annual budget of all funds necessary for the County Department
3 Furnish regular and special financial and statistical reports to the County Board and the State Department
4 Recommend salary changes promotions leaves of absence and releases of members of the county staff in accordance with the rgulations of the State Department of Public Welfare
5 If appointed by a court of competent jurisdiction act as probation officer or agent of the court in any welfare matters
6 Cooperate with other public and private agencies to avoid duplication of services
7 Cooperate with the State Department in the training program for staff members
The requirement of the Social Security Board that the expenditure of funds it allocated to the State be under the control of competent and efficient personnel governed the establishment of standards of acceptance for county directors Highest qualifications were set for the Director of Fulton County largest of the State these being
U Completion of a two year graduate course in an approved school of social work supplemented by a minimum of six years of progressive and successful employment in a social agency whose standards are recognized by the State Department of Public Welfare At least three years of such experience must have been in an executive or supervisory capacity the nature of which would fit the applicant for the duties described above or
2 Graduation from a recognized college or university or its educational equivalent supple mented by a minimum of ten years progressive and successful employment in a public or private welfare agency whose standards are recognized by the State Department of Public Welfare At least six years of such experience must have been in an executive or supervisory capacity involving the duties described above
For the five next largest countiesBibb Chatham DeKalb Muscogee and Richmondthe standards for the Directors are
1 Four years of college education and one years training in a school of social work or four years or more of successful full time employment in social work at least one year of which shall have been in an executive or supervisory capacity
At least two years full time employment in an allied professional field which requires similar ability to social work may be substituted for two of the four years in employment in social work
2 Graduation from an accredited senior high school may be accepted if there has been at least six full years of successful employment within the last eight years in a recognized family welfare or relief agency the quality of whose work will meet the requirements of the State Department of Public Welfare At least two of these six years shall have been in an executive or supervisory capacity
Ten countiesBaldwin Clarke Dougherty Floyd Hall Lowndes Spalding Thomas Troup and Warewere given the following requirements
1 Four years of college education and six months training in a school of social work or two years or more of successful full time employment in a family welfare or relief agency the quality of whose work will meet the requirements of the State Department of Public Welfare
40
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
At least two years full time employment in an allied professional field which requires similar ability to social work may be substituted for two of the four years of college
2 Graduation from an accredited senior high school may be accepted if there has been at least four full years of successful employment within the last six years in a recognized family welfare or relief agency the quality of whose work will meet the requirements of the State Department of Public Welfare At least two of these four years shall have been in an executive or supervisory capacity
The remaining 143 counties were given these standards to meet in selecting county directors
1 Four years of college education and three months training in a school of social work or a year or more of successful full time employment in social work or at least two years full time employment in an allied professional field which requires similar ability to social work may be substituted for two of the four years of college
2 Graduation from an accredited senior high school may be accepted if there has been at least two full years of successful employment within the last five years in a family welfare or relief agency the quality of whose work will meet the requirements of the State Department of Public Welfare
The size of the staff in the Counties varies materially with Fulton County having the largest and one or two counties operating with a director only In most of the counties however the staffs are sufficiently large to give fairly rapid service except in emergencies due to large layoffs by industrial plants The total number of county attaches on record with the State Department in June 1938 was 644 including the 159 Directors
Louisa deB FitzSimons Director Public Assistance Division
I
DIVISION FUNCTIONS
Through its Public Assistance Division the State Department of Public Welfare administered directly and indirectly more than 20000000 in direct relief to Georgians during the past year
In direct services the Division distributed 324057772 in old age assistance aid to the blind and aid to dependent childrenthree forms of social security
The largest indirect service was in statewide supervision of certification of applicants for Works Progress Administration assignment under the Federal works relief program which brought over 13000000 into the State in wage payments alone
Payments to the families of young men enrolled in the Civilian Conservation Corps on certification of County Departments under general direction of the State Department amounted to 2404200 and surplus commodities distributed on similar certifications were valued at 222432974
The Public Assistance program also resulted in grants by the State of 24510705 to counties to help defray costs of administration and to maintain a county welfare office in each county
The Public Assistance Division further certified applicants for aid to crippled children resulting in the expenditure of 2229201 under the medical program started in April 1938
The expenditure of general relief funds provided entirely by counties was supervised by the Division adding 61063274 to the funds over which the Division had indirect control
The various forms of assistance reached 96638 families of the State or 148 per cent of the 652793 families recorded in the 1930 census The number of individuals affected was 309241 compared with the 1930 population of 2908506
The number drawing assistance was arrived at after deducting duplications from the following distribution
Old age assistance30857 individuals
Aid to dependent children10963 individuals
Aid to the blind 1057 individuals
Surplus commodities42873 families
WPA47857 family heads
CCC 7093 families
General relief 7188 families
With the exception of the WPA figure all were taken from actual recipients of the various types of relief in June 1938 The WPA figure came from a national report for the week of July 9 1938
At the close of the fiscal year preparations were being made for carrying an increased load More applications were pending for old age assistance than were being paid demands upon the WPA for employment were increasing 1806 young men were to be enrolled in the CCC over 9000 Rural Resettlement cases generally inactive in the summer were slated to return to surplus commodity subsistence in the fall and arrangements were being made to handle as many as 73000 surplus commodity cases by winter
Most inelastic of the various forms of relief were the Social Security program and the program of General Relief The Social Security program depends for its extensiveness on appropriations by the State legislature already fixed for the fiscal year beginning July 1 1938 A ten per cent increase in Social Security funds for each county was ordered for July to be in effect for the
44
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
entire year but a further increase appeared unlikely This should result in an increase of approximately the same percentage in the number drawing this type of assistance
General relief expenditures depend entirely upon local governmental appropriations and during the past year showed a steady decrease as cases formerly on general relief were shifted to some other form of assistance
WPA employment in Georgia jumped from 20621 for the week of October 2 1937 to 47857 for the week of July 9 1938 and under the appropriations made by Congress in the 1938 session the WPA was prepared to increase the number of projects and the number of persons being employed Special arrangements for the rapid certification of WPA applicants were in a formative stage with the WPA planning to contribute largely to the cost which during the past year was supposed to have been borne by the counties
All forms of direct relief come under the supervision of the Public Assistance Division the entire administrative system being in accordance with a plan of operations approved by the Federal Social Security Board
The duties fall into three classes administration of special relief supervision of general relief and administration of emergency relief
The special relief includes the three types of Social Security benefits started in Georgia July 1 1937aid to the needy aged to the needy blind and to dependent children for which the State the Federal Government and the Counties share the financial responsibility
Emergency relief work of the Division is confined to certification of applicants for federal assistance either through the WPA the CCC the NYA or the receipt of Surplus Commodities
General relief covers all types of recipients not included in either other class The States program of aid to children applies only to children under sixteen years of age the blind assistance program applies to needy blind persons 21 years of age and over and the old age assistance program applies only to those 65 years of age or over The various federal programs are designed to care for those not included in any of these groups Thus the handicapped between 16 and 65 the unemployables and those unable to procure other types of relief from any cause are included in the general relief category
Neither the State nor the Federal Government assumes any financial responsibility for general relief cases the entire fund for this purpose being dependent in any county upon appropriations by county commissions or municipal authorities
In some few counties of the State general relief funds are appropriated to Family Welfare or other agencies and are not under the supervision of the State Department However most counties employ the County Welfare Departments organized under the 1937 Welfare Act and thus make the general administration of their funds subject to rules and regulations of the State Department
The Public Assistance Division has numerous other functions in addition to the supervision of direct relief By arrangement with the State Department of Public Health the economic eligibility of applicants for aid under the State Cancer Control Program is established Persons seeking admission to public institutions have to be certified by the County Welfare Department under State direction
Another important function is the direction of a program of training for State and County Welfare Department staffs Special courses in social work were arranged at two units of the State University System soon after the Welfare Department was organized due to the fact that a shortage of qualified welfare workers impended to hamper full and quick development of the new sys
STATE OF GEORGIA
45
tem Financed largely by the Works Progress Administration and supervised by the State Department the special courses have become a regular part of the University of Georgia summer school curriculum
The Public Assistance Division also serves as a clearing house for information sought by the Welfare Departments of other States on specific cases in which Georgia citizens become involved either by relation to residents of other States or by removal to other States The Division maintains a case referral section which handles all inquiries of this nature as well as inquiries from within the State
The Division also is charged with conducting hearings and reviewing the evidence of all appeals from County Departments by persons dissatisfied with disposition of applications for Social Security assistance
Through 10 district offices to be increased to 12 August 1 1938 the Division maintains close contact with County Boards and County Directors rendering a supervisory service to maintain efficiency of operation
To the division is also delegated the duty of maintaining necessary statistical records on State and County operations to comply with requirements of the Federal Government and the State law While the Statistical Division has operated as a part of the Public Assistance Division it has been scheduled to become a separate division on August 1 1938 due to the fact that its functions embrace several other administrative divisions of the State Department
PUBLIC ASSISTANCE TABLE I ANALYSIS OF BENEFITS JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
COUNTY Total Old Age Benefits Total Aid to Blind Benefits Total Aid to D ep Child Benefits Total Public Assistance Benefits Total Grants to Counties f or Administration Total Crippled Children Benefits Total C C C Payments Total Value Surplus Commodities Distributed Total Benefits
1 Appling 5 346 72 37350 4 357 50 1007772 125304 10607 1500000 8104 43 34541 26
2 Atkinson 8 027 00 315 00 1 236 00 9 578 00 958 31 260 64 7 400 00 8 827 77 27024 72
3 Bacon 4 912 60 8550 4 072 00 9 070 10 884 22 5607 8100 00 10 010 68 28 121 07
4 Baker 6 699 50 118 00 3 207 50 10 025 00 968 76 278 89 5 900 00 6 384 92 23 557 57
5 Baldwin 10 203 00 592 00 3 954 00 14 749 00 1 939 22 8107 15 90000 5 746 26 87 415 55
6 Banks 12 377 51 121 50 1 018 00 13 517 01 964 74 5607 21150 00 7 447 64 43 135 46
7 Barrow 14 448 00 0 2 662 00 17 110 00 1 285 30 11214 12 025 00 7 850 11 38 382 55
8 Bartow 31 945 50 528 00 3 982 00 36 455 50 2 022 66 5608 25 575 00 24 676 54 88 785 78
9 Ben Hill 12 849 50 732 00 2 295 50 15 877 00 1 220 68 5608 8 275 00 6 840 59 32 269 35
10 Berrien 12 141 80 740 50 3 352 00 16 234 30 1 287 71 0 8 250 00 6 793 03 32 565 04
11 Bibb 64 976 70 1 882 00 11 539 50 78 398 20 5 152 91 116 08 3882500 117 907 84 240 400 03
12 Bleckley 10 494 05 205 00 779 00 11 478 05 922 52 161 08 8 150 00 10 421 35 31 133 nn
13 Brantley 5 924 00 245 50 2 869 50 9 039 00 923 66 56 08 9 325 00 1267 42 20 611 16
14 Brooks 10 734 50 5100 1 473 50 12 259 00 1 742 13 0 14 475 00 6 729 63 35 205 76
15 Bryan 5 904 58 980 50 1 103 96 7 989 04 987 10 56 08 7 250 00 8 897 05 25 179 27
16 Bulloch 24 773 00 1113 50 7 447 50 33 334 00 2 065 02 112 16 11 725 00 8 371 14 55 607 32
17 Burke 22 383 37 572 50 10188 50 33 144 37 2 181 65 11216 11 400 00 12 084 30 58 922 48
18 Butts 11 651 56 420 50 958 00 13 030 06 1 072 87 56 09 14 225 00 6 945 66 35 329 68
19 Calhoun 8 605 50 303 50 1 550 00 10 459 00 1 194 25 434 27 7 775 00 5 740 44 25 602 96
20 Camden 5 967 50 205 00 1 609 50 7 782 00 948 12 0 5 025 00 2 919 80 16 674 92
21 Candler 8 868 00 145 00 2 676 00 11 689 00 1 045 89 5609 8 050 00 9 103 11 29 944 09
22 Carroll 21 422 00 858 00 4 063 00 26 343 00 2 485 25 66 10 25 425 00 ll 768 13 66087 48
23 Catoosa 8 910 50 140 00 3 227 50 12 278 00 1 044 71 56 10 8 050 00 5 230 00 26 658 81
24 Charlton 3 689 73 8050 2 410 00 6180 23 897 58 0 8 725 00 5 311 70 21 114 51
25 Chatham 85 274 75 3 273 00 25 232 00 113 779 75 6 817 51 0 36 900 00 85j 924 37 243 421 63
26 Chattahoochee 6 519 00 192 00 31800 7 029 00 987 03 116 10 6 275 00 1 416 31 15 823 44
27 Chattooga 10 688 00 406 50 3 481 00 14 575 50 137859 5610 8 600 00 10 027 82 34 638 01
28 Cherokee 1987100 90000 8 201 50 28 972 50 1 753 29 56 10 15 875 00 10j 964 13 57 621 02
29 Clarke 18 931 00 1 012 00 1 877 50 21 820 50 2 118 08 404 30 17 125 00 8 561 34 50 029 22
30 Clay 7 966 00 0 705 00 8 671 00 845 52 111 10 5 350 00 4 026 98 19 004 60
31 Clayton 10 278 00 5700 1 892 50 12 227 50 1 074 80 56 10 9 300 00 7 233 87 29 892 27
32 Clinch 7 096 34 481 00 2 161 00 9 738 34 971 19 112 20 10 075 00 6 852 04 27 748 77
33 Cobb 25419 50 525 00 5 361 50 31 306 00 1 995 14 529 40 36 125 00 30156 22 100 111 76
34 Coffee 12 966 00 1 438 00 11 630 00 26 034 00 1 667 52 0 9 775 00 18 475 63 55952 15
35 Colquitt 19976 50 918 00 6 413 00 27 307 50 2 069 43 112 20 14 225 00 12 706 58 56 420 71
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
UH

36 Columbia 9077 65 14500 2 211 50 11 434 15 1 024 19 0 1002500 7 808 06 30 291 40
37 Cook 8285 20 489 50 5182 88 13 957 58 1 235 40 56 10 7 500 00 4 43416 27 183 24
38 Coweta 22 433 57 857 50 1 926 50 25 217 57 1 966 38 268 30 13 950 00 9 788 78 51191 03
39 Crawford 7 718 50 252 00 1 291 50 9 262 00 938 17 257 20 5 875 00 9 222 27 25 554 64
40 Crisp 9 609 00 440 00 8 674 00 18 723 00 1 562 64 5610 10 950 00 7 031 76 38 323 50
41 Dade 3 354 00 0 1 927 50 5 281 50 87543 0 8 675 00 5 967 10 20 799 03
42 Dawson 4 510 50 0 103 00 4 613 50 888 74 0 6 425 00 7 456 80 19 384 04
43 Decatur 10 569 91 263 00 6 223 50 1705641 1 525 70 56 10 19 450 00 11 869 29 49 957 50
44 DeKalb 30 537 00 1 083 50 15 623 50 47 244 00 2 917 51 0 35 650 00 66187 46 151 998 97
45 Dodge 21132 68 1181 00 2 833 39 25147 07 1 757 73 5610 26 375 00 13124 90 6646080
46 Dooly 15 680 50 83300 4 645 50 21159 00 1 568 06 5610 18 475 00 9 365 96 50 62412
47 Dougherty 24 201 82 1 424 50 3 330 50 28 956 82 1 940 43 649 40 12 225 00 11 943 81 55 715 46
48 Douglas 10 094 50 243 00 2 846 50 13184 00 1 023 84 15310 11 500 00 9 292 94 35153 88
49 Early 12 459 40 372 50 2 636 50 15 468 40 1 580 90 13710 10 575 00 7 209 51 34 970 91
50 Echols 2 520 30 22350 604 00 3 347 80 94419 262 20 5 300 00 1 727 37 11 581 56
51 Effingham 10 732 50 124 00 1 959 50 12 816 00 1167 97 112 20 6 350 00 11 91717 32 363 34
52 Elbert 15170 50 55600 2 515 00 18 241 50 1 521 96 423 30 18 525 00 9 065 53 47 77729
53 Emanuel 21 858 78 1 895 00 6 856 00 30 609 78 1 966 50 525 10 23 950 00 16 594 02 73 645 40
54 Evans 6105 00 15500 2 538 00 8 898 00 97516 56 10 8 400 00 6 76910 24 998 36
55 Fannin 14 408 46 9850 2179 34 16 686 30 1 23710 0 28 375 00 1315656 59 454 96
56 Fayette 8 576 40 207 50 815 50 9 599 40 1 018 74 0 8 150 00 7 043 30 25 811 44
57 Floyd 37 028 00 1 354 50 6 236 00 44 618 50 2 832 97 9110 24100 00 17 903 59 89 54616
58 Forsyth 11 829 50 387 50 1 607 00 13 824 00 1 211 40 10110 16 300 00 10 801 74 42 238 24
59 Franklin 18 955 50 344 00 1 576 00 20 875 60 1 386 96 22110 25150 00 16 937 60 64 57116
60 Fulton 313 041 90 16 069 00 155 075 00 484185 90 17 814 29 0 163 975 00 430 437 08 1 096 412 27
61 Gilmer 9 043 00 0 1 446 00 10 489 00 888 28 70 10 19 000 00 7 575 84 38 023 22
62 Glascock 4 829 42 14400 895 50 5 868 92 956 64 8610 6 525 00 4140 88 17 577 54
63 Glynn 19 454 51 4 020 50 3 652 50 27 127 51 1 638 38 5610 15 875 00 9 322 03 54 01902
64 Gordon 7 890 07 148 00 745 50 8 783 57 1 059 82 10110 8 475 00 9 111 06 27 530 55
65 Grady 12 205 00 571 50 2 886 00 15 662 50 1 624 53 112 20 14 800 00 11 630 03 43 829 26
66 Greene 11 052 50 203 00 1 867 00 1312250 1166 29 22610 16 550 00 4 531 98 35 596 87
67 Gwinnett 23107 00 345 50 3 833 50 27 286 00 2 01612 290 45 28100 00 10 743 49 68 43606
68 Habersham 10 936 70 199 00 6 789 60 17 925 30 1 30016 5610 18 025 00 11 726 32 49 032 88
69 Hall 27 596 50 458 00 11 700 50 39 755 00 1 926 89 127 20 26 875 00 15 036 27 83 720 36
70 Hancock 12 285 50 438 00 1 529 50 14 253 00 1 321 05 177 20 19 550 00 7 94518 43 246 43
71 Haralson 12 411 00 685 50 5 455 50 18 552 00 1 259 91 1 038 60 21 250 00 14 313 82 56 414 33
72 Harris M 8 480 50 25300 704 50 9 438 00 1 215 80 413 30 16 825 00 14 931 48 42 823 58
73 Hart 16 792 30 550 50 2188 50 19 531 30 1 438 14 754 00 15 550 00 8 82718 46 100 62
74 Heard 5 211 50 153 00 1 549 50 6 914 00 1 007 02 0 7 175 00 4 902 24 19 998 26
75 Henry 17158 40 353 50 2 275 50 19 787 40 1 495 67 5610 14 000 00 7 532 71 42 871 88
76 Houston 10 491 65 41100 2104 00 13 006 65 1 236 48 56 10 7 750 00 5 089 73 27 138 96
77 Irwin 9167 00 680 00 4 378 50 14 225 50 1 278 53 0 6 850 00 3 893 69 26 247 72
78 Jackson 27 015 00 13200 1 460 00 28 607 00 1 828 34 8710 27 625 00 10 549 28 68 696 72
79 Jasper 10110 25 678 00 999 00 11 787 25 1 002 72 5610 10 325 00 4 761 37 27 932 44
80 Jeff Davis 801200 16150 201400 1018750 94664 5610 930000 719529 2768553
STATE OP GEORGIA
PUBLIC ASSISTANCE TABLE I ANALYSIS OF BENEFITS JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
COUNTY Total Old Age Benefits Total Aid to Blind Benefits Total Aid to Dep Child Benefits Total Public Assistance Benefits Total Grants to Counties for Administration Total Crippled Children Benefits Total c c c Payments Total Value Surplus Commodities Distributed Total Benefits
81 Jefferson 1494750 17600 495850 2008200 177489 11220 1945000 606015 4747924
82 Jenkins 874950 30300 579250 1484500 130699 5610 895000 491667 3007476
83 Johnson 1100950 77850 186600 1365400 122854 17070 1767500 1048579 4321403
84 Jones 971550 58600 95100 1125250 102696 16110 795000 606543 2645599
85 Lamar 996150 10950 202900 1210000 103434 7610 1130000 1033246 3484290
86 Lanier 485550 6000 125350 616900 78931 5610 497500 468080 1667021
87 Laurens 1937382 175350 385950 2498682 203780 24720 3007500 1294460 7029142
88 Lee 701050 42250 62050 805350 99404 0 585000 501669 1991423
89 Liberty 777350 27100 272300 1076750 97487 5610 407500 1326837 2914184
90 Lincoln 941510 44450 139000 1124960 96750 24526 1292500 651475 3190211
91 Long 375500 10400 108250 494150 85422 5610 510000 314174 1409356
92 Lowndes 2201045 129900 1513200 3844145 239065 13220 2155000 1730589 7982019
93 Lumpkin 670600 0 40000 710600 97343 5610 925000 534635 2273188
94 Macon 1596246 67750 354100 2018096 152474 8610 765000 807989 3752169
95 Madison 1462311 24600 256650 1743561 138554 21410 2427500 790168 5121193
96 Marion 808670 15350 79600 903620 93420 21830 610000 813384 2442254
97 McDuffie 1114350 53750 121750 1289850 106245 9210 1087500 411339 2904144
98 McIntosh 427050 67450 196300 690800 93324 5610 465000 392459 1647193
99 Meriwether 1573305 38400 261400 1873105 181520 16830 2325000 1118252 5514707
100 Miller 846725 22600 253500 1122825 104119 86910 870000 783277 2967131
101 Mitchell 1524772 64500 402250 1991522 182718 11820 1317500 996493 4500053
102 Monroe 1340900 108750 148700 1598350 111995 0 1157500 880975 3748820
103 Montgomery 1021600 102550 191150 1315300 117541 23720 1912500 871881 4240942
104 Morgan 1547100 38400 50300 1635800 128555 15720 1417500 872312 4069887
105 Murray 1018900 46500 191200 1256600 108360 5610 917500 542579 2830649
106 Muscogee 2788706 186500 1617200 4592406 376375 14610 2500000 6233489 13716880
107 Newton 1646450 47850 273350 1967650 139454 7610 1475000 401134 3990848
108 Oconee 822100 2500 44150 868750 95888 37020 980000 314471 2296129
109 Oglethorpe 1306900 37200 152100 1496200 125036 24920 1740000 32450 3418606
110 Paulding 1171500 39150 384150 1594800 127879 0 820000 317337 2860016
111 Peach 1165295 52600 173300 1391195 117854 5610 705000 1101958 3321617
112 Pickens 1016812 14000 225800 1256612 102502 6110 1830000 1064848 4260072
113 Pierce 809700 76050 800350 1686100 126054 5610 1747500 332957 3898221
114 Pike 533950 4250 98250 636400 109682 5610 872500 654025 2278217
115 Polk 2052750 71200 618550 2742500 200980 64140 2117500 1440948 6566068
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
116 Pulaski 940300 59550 196450 1196300 101355 5610 650000 1275784
117 Putnam 954450 12000 91850 1058300 98887 61220 842500 729128
118 Quitman 320673 15000 126300 461973 82791 16110 515000 74047
119 Rabun 828700 0 98200 926900 97677 11220 1707500 895305
120 Randolph 1353892 29850 99300 1483042 144667 31520 1390000 614098
121 Richmond 5463550 260150 3346950 9070650 474477 19220 3532500 9740574
122 Rockdale 9 531 35 0 62300 10154 35 93302 0 5 450 00 4 372 76
123 Schley 5 409 00 187 00 1087 50 6 683 50 966 65 0 7 700 00 1 961 45
124 Screven 13 249 50 428 50 1178 50 14 856 50 1 66206 112 20 14 500 00 6 128 49
125 Seminole 6 461 22 0 1 141 50 7 602 72 89762 0 7 675 00 5 000 97
126 Spalding 26 967 56 1 874 00 1 839 00 30 680 56 L 963 88 58 10 13 975 00 11 23110
127 Stephens 14 057 00 3200 2 709 50 16 798 50 Is 19617 6110 22 800 00 10i 859 68
128 Stewart 11 511 00 225 00 2 081 00 13 817 00 1 050 95 252 20 13 775 00 1 031 66
129 Sumter 16 216 50 528 50 2 940 00 19 685 00 2 084 04 0 8 525 00 8 51543
130 Talbot 7 292 46 281 50 510 50 8 084 46 859 85 112 20 7 275 00 4 590 98
131 Taliaferro 5 605 00 6 50 35000 5 961 50 964 67 112 20 13150 00 6 21815
132 Tattnall 14 492 32 739 50 4 364 00 19 595 82 1 438 81 5610 20 900 00 5 835 84
133 Taylor 6 941 00 27700 713 50 7 931 50 1 206 42 56 10 13 600 00 8 978 04
134 Telfair 9169 46 745 00 3 038 00 12 952 46 292 81 447 20 16 650 00 9 012 52
135 Terrell 14 550 50 623 50 2 036 00 17 210 00 1 442 42 5610 14 050 00 8 415 62
136 Thomas 16 716 50 310 00 5 514 00 22 540 50 2 422 46 0 19 275 00 17 842 37
137 Tift 11 355 50 274 00 5 582 50 17 212 00 1 35514 112 20 5 500 00 4 340 86
138 Toombs 14 242 96 778 72 7 943 00 22 964 68 1 548 11 187 20 21 050 00 15132 84
139 Towns 3 653 50 156 00 1 252 00 5 061 50 968 27 5610 28 100 00 2 970 20
140 Treutlen 6051 50 188 00 2 321 00 8 560 50 937 12 538 00 7 875 00 7 366 66
141 Troup 34 254 30 1 700 50 7 204 50 43159 30 2 213 09 0 23 275 00 44 201 43
142 Turner 9 782 00 407 50 4 373 50 14 563 00 1 208 47 0 10 225 00 7 978 37
143 Twiggs 6 575 75 64 00 1 041 50 7 681 25 882 51 242 20 11 57500 7 449 95
144 Union 6 576 00 2000 1141 50 7 737 50 930 76 6110 31 300 00 4 688 78
145 Upson 13 688 81 497 50 3 869 50 18 055 81 1 601 88 5610 8 375 00 4 024 60
146 Walker 8 502 50 625 00 1 602 00 1 10 729 50 1 613 47 177 20 13 900 00 5 734 23
147 Walton 25 810 50 576 00 1 999 00 28 385 50 1 816 78 213 70 18 675 00 6 774 55
148 Ware 10 671 50 643 00 14 317 00 25 631 50 1 780 80 56 10 18 550 00 22 678 38
149 Warren 11 593 00 372 00 1146 00 13 111 00 1 218 47 0 12 050 00 7 109 52
150 Washington 9 990 00 530 00 2 864 50 13 384 50 1 639 62 161 20 15 600 00 7 231 23
151 Wayne 11 148 00 1 280 50 6 049 50 18 478 00 1 312 43 5610 24 475 00 6 991 98
152 Webster 6 494 60 98 00 220 00 6 812 60 968 70 56 10 5150 00 3 577 30
153 Wheeler 9 937 50 238 00 1 464 00 11 639 50 1 053 91 161 10 8 075 00 8 882 39
154 White 7 417 00 0 1 435 00 8 852 00 978 28 13110 14 825 00 7 240 24
155 Whitfield 15 364 46 566 50 7 917 60 23 848 56 1 706 27 0 12 85000 4 705 13
156 Wilcox 11 338 00 372 50 1 757 00 13 467 50 1 276 58 56 10 9 725 00 9 028 34
157 Wilkes 14 380 00 423 00 820 50 15 623 50 1 369 52 332 30 20 825 00 9150 44
158 Wilkinson 9 450 46 8100 3 236 50 12 767 96 1 203 82 142 20 14 525 00 f 508 25
159 Worth 10 232 00 806 00 4 741 50 1 15 779 50 1 767 66 5610 10 025 00 6 91215
TOTALS 2 427 923 23 1 98 443 22 l714 211 27 13 240 577 72 245107 03 22 292 01 240420000 l2 224 329 74 i
3229049 2790035 1149921 3638602 3663327
22837421
20 91013 17 311 60
37 25925
21 176 31
57 908 64 51 715 45 35 926 81
38 809 47 20 922 49
26 406 52 47 826 57
31 772 06
40 354 99
41 174 14
62 080 33
28 520 20 60 882 83
37 156 07 25 277 28
112 848 82 33 974 84
27 830 91 44 71814
32 113 39
32154 40 55 865 53 68 696 78
33 488 99
38 016 55
51 313 51 16 564 70
29 811 90
32 026 62 43 109 96
33 553 52 47 300 76 34147 23
34 540 41
Figures for WPA wages by counties not available
If8 136 506 50
STATE OF GEORGIA
50
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
II
SOCIAL SECURITY
From first social security payments in July 1937 to 6370 beneficiaries the State Department of Public Welfare in twelve months increased the rolls to include 42570 persons
The first month of operation of the programs of aid to the needy agedto the needy blind and to dependent children saw an expenditure of 6624012 in benefits while the payments in June 1938 totalled 37576200
Not assured of a legal basis for administering the Social Security program until the passage of constitutional amendments at the June 8 1937 election and unable to organize welfare departments in each county on a permanent basis until the same date the State Department had little time for the acceptance and approval of applications for the first payments in July 1937 Steady increases were made from month to month however and the progress of developing the program to the use of maximum funds available compared exceedingly favorably with the records made in other Southern States
The progress by months showing a total expenditure in benefits of 324057772 for the year is shown by the following table
PUBLIC ASSISTANCE TABLE II MONTHLY SOCIAL SECURITY BENEFITS FOR STATE July 1 1937 to June 30 1938
MONTH TOTAL OLD AGE ASSISTANCE AID TO DEPENDENT CHILDREN AID TO THE BLIND
Amount Indivi duals Amount Indivi duals Amount Chil dren Amount Indivi duals
July 66 24012 6370 57 36819 5144 858121 1205 29072 21
AUgust 119540 23 11884 9412417 8796 22 705 56 2877 2710 50 211
September 165 028 12 16783 126 500 62 12231 33 799 50 4182 4 728 00 370
October 217 262 91 22552 165 507 41 16402 44 967 00 5607 6 788 50 543
November 260 971 53 27610 195 830 03 19831 56 875 00 7102 8 266 50 677
December 293 601 03 31291 219 025 03 22331 65 424 50 8206 9151 50 754
January 316 459 78 34057 235 726 78 24237 70 847 00 9001 9 886 00 819
February 333055 50 36171 246 733 50 25701 76 074 00 9615 10 248 00 855
March 355 815 50 38909 263 490 50 27720 81 040 50 10231 11 284 50 958
April 366 301 00 40473 271 402 50 28946 83 337 00 10536 11 56150 991
May 370 540 00 41488 274 361 00 29753 84 530 50 10718 11 648 50 1017
June 375 762 00 42570 277 853 50 30581 86 029 50 10940 11 879 00 1049
12 Months 3 240 577 72 2 427 923 23 714 211 27 98 443 22
thousands
OF CASKS
DEVELOPMENT OF PUBLIC ASSISTANCE PROGRAM IN FIRST YEAR OF OPERATION BY CASES RECEIVING AID
THOUSANDS
STATE OF GEORGIA
DEVELOPMENT OF PUBLIC ASSISTANCE PROGRAM IN FIRST YEAR OF OPERATION BY EXPENDITURES
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
STATE OF GEORGIA
53
The allocation of Social Security funds to counties for June was scheduled to continue in effect for the entire next fiscal year with a 10 per cent increase placing the anticipated expenditures for the next year at close to 5000000 the program having reached an even level of operation
The appropriation for social security purposes to the Department by the General Assembly was 3150000 for the year but only 74 per cent of this amount was made available to the Department due to State revenues not attaining the anticipated amount for payment of all appropriations Of the amount drawn from the treasury from January through June 1938 10 per cent of the amount paid in benefits was available for contributing to county administrative costs
The possibility of the appropriation meeting the applications for assistance is shown by the fact that 106106 persons applied for one of the three types of Social Security payments during the year that 43125 of these were approved that 35745 were being paid in June 1938 and that 47597 were pending at the end of the year
As has been the experience of most States the largest number of applications came from aged persons 89738 being for old age assistance The distribution of the applications between the three types of assistance together with the disposition of each and the number pending June 30 1938 is shown by the following table
PUBLIC ASSISTANCE TABLE III DISPOSITION OF APPLICATIONS FOR OLD AGE ASSISTANCE
AID TO BLIND AND AID TO DEPENDENT CHILDREN RECEIVED DURING THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30 1938
Applications Received Applications Approved Applications Denied as Ineligible Applications Disposed of Other Reasons Applications Pending at End of Month
Total applications 106106 43125 8461 6 923 47 597
Old age assistance 89 738 37 074 7 061 5808 39795
Aid to the blind 2 644 1197 185 239 1023
Aid to dependent
Children
Families 13 724 4 854 1 215 876 6 779
Children 34 966 13 496 3 071 2 079 16 320
The difference between the number of cases approved for payment during the year and the
number paid in June 1938 is explained in the following table
PUBLIC ASSISTANCE TABLE IV
DISPOSITION OF APPLICATIONS APPROVED FOR OLD AGE ASSISTANCE AID TO BLIND AND AID TO DEPENDENT CHILDREN DURING THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30 1938
Total Applications Approved Received Payment in June Approved in June to Receive Payment in July Closed During 12 Months Period Temporarily Suspended Not receiving Payment During June 1938
All assistance 43125 35745 2 850 4 329 201
Old age assistance 37 074 30 680 2 486 3 750 158
Aid to the blind Aid to dependent 1197 1 054 54 68 21
Children 4 854 4 011 310 511 22
Of the closures of 4329 a total of 2318 was due to death and the next largest number 507 due to change in residence by the recipient from the State or from his county An analysis of closures shows
54
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
PUBLIC ASSISTANCE TABLE V
CLOSED CASES FOR OLD AGE BLIND AND DEPENDENT CHILDREN AS OF JUNE 30 1938 BY REASON FOR CLOSURE
Death Admitted to Public Institution Admitted to Voluntary Institution Vision Wholly or Partially Restored Became Self Supporting After Grant Relatives Became Able to Sup After Grant
Old age 2 296 16 0 0 87 56
Blind 22 1 0 0 0 3
Dependent children 118

TOTAL 2 318 17 0 0 87 177
Trans to Other Sources of Assistance Moved out of Dist County or State Not Eligible For Original Grant Refused to Comply with Property Requirements Change of Payee
Old age 93 436 88 26 2
Blind 1 5 14 1 0
Dependent children 23 66 42 23
TOTAL 117 507 144 27 25
Child Reached Maximum Age Under State Law Death of Dependent Child Dep Child or Children Admitted to Institu Two or More Reasons Other
Old age 279
Blind 4
Dependent children 48 21 1 1 81
TOTAL 48 21 1 1 364
Indications are that the permanent public assistance roll eventually will have to reach between 75000 and 80000 cases Of the total applications of 106106 filed during the first year 58509 were disposed of either by approval or rejection The rejected cases were 15384 or 26 per cent of the total disposed of
Should the same percentage continue to be maintained during the disposition of the 47597 pending applications the rolls would be increased to include 78514 persons depending upon social security payments in the State on a permanent or regular basis
There is some reason to believe that the same ratio will not be maintained however This comes from the fact that the counties in many instances first investigated cases known to show the greatest need In the larger counties on the other hand they were investigated in the chronological order of filing and the fact that pending applicants in a vast majority are drawing some other form of relief shows definitely a need which will lead to social security payments for them as soon as funds are available for extending the program
At the inception of the program there was a concerted effort on the part of many counties to transfer from general relief rolls to social security rolls many persons to whose support the county had been the sole contributor for many years At the same time the State Department requested that the counties attempt to remove persons from almshouses as rapidly as possible in order to
STATE OF GEORGIA
55
stop as near as possible dependence upon institutional relief A large number of almshouses closed as a result of this movement during the past year A report giving details of the results is included in the Institution Division report of the Child Welfare Division following this part of the annual report
Except in the heavily populated counties where the rush of applicants was so great that facilities would not permit it the counties generally followed the policy of bringing social security benefits first to those persons in the greatest need Those applicants still awaiting approval in most instances benefit by general relief or by surplus commodities pending the time when funds will be sufficient for transferring all of them to the social security rolls In other instances relatives are caring for those awaiting final action on their applications
Two misunderstandings of the methods of administering the social security program have caused confusion throughout the State on the part of applicants especially for old age assistance
One of these concerns the control vested in county welfare departments and the other the determination of the amount of the benefit paid to any recipient
Under the Welfare Act the County Welfare Departments determine both the eligibility and the amount of assistance for any recipient in accordance with the law and with regulations of the State Department
Applications for social security assistance are filed with county directors the county directors make the necessary investigations to determine eligibility and fix the amount of the award The recommendations of the director have to be passed upon by the County Board before being sent to the State Department for payment Before payment the State Department reviews the records to determine if all regulations have been complied with but can not change the amount of the award In any case where errors are found the records have to be returned to the county for correction
The State Department can not on its own initiative make any award for payment of any type of benefit Not until the County Department approved the award and requisitions the payment can it be made
The only instance under which the State Department can take a direct hand in the determination of eligibility or the fixing of the amount of award is through a formal appeal to it from action of the County Department This right of appeal applies only to applicants for old age assistance aid to the needy blind and aid to dependent children and not to any other type of relief
Section 12 of the Welfare Act of 1937 outlines the procedure as follows
If an application is not acted upon by the County Department within a reasonable time after the filing of the application or is denied in whole or in part or if any award of assistance is modified or cancelled under any provision of this Act the applicant or recipient or any Tax Payer who may allege himself as such to be interested may appeal to the State Department in the manner and form prescribed by the State Department The State Department shall upon receipt of such an appeal give the applicant or recipient or appellant reasonable notice and opportunity for a fair hearing
The State Department may also upon its own motion review any decision of a County Department and may consider any application upon which a decision has not been made by the County Department within a reasonable time The State Department may make such additional invest gation as it may deem necessary and shall make such decision as to the granting of assistance and the amount of assistance to be granted the applicant as in its opinion is justified and in conformity with the provisions of this Act Applicants or recipients affected by such decisions
56
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
of the State Department shall upon request be given reasonable notice and opportunity for a fair hearing by the State Department
All decisions of the State Department shall be final and shall be binding upon the County the applicant or appellant involved and shall be complied with by the County Department
During the first year of operation there was a total of 285 appeals 125 of these were the result of applications rejected after investigation because of adequate resources or income to meet present needs of the applicants 122 because applications were not acted on by the County Departments for a period of 60 days or longer after initial filing of application and 38 because of inadequacy of the grant All except 20 of the total number of appeals were from applicants or recipients of old age assistance only 3 appeals were from applicants or recipients of aid to the blind and 17 from applicants or recipients for aid in behalf of dependent children
The law provides that an appellant shall upon request be given reasonable notice and opportunity for a fair hearing by the State Department and the State policy regarding action on apipeal is as follows
When an appeal by a client from the action of the County Department either on application or following grant of assistance has been received by the State Department it shall immediately request full information in connection with the case from the County Department Arrangements will be made within two weeks for a hearing at which the client may be present with a representative of the County Department and a representative of the State Department This hearing must be arranged at a point accessible to a client who presumably has no resource for transportation The State Department will give the client who is appealing notice of the time and place of this meeting long enough in advance of the meeting to assure him of an opportunity for arranging to be there The client may bring such witness as he desires
Out of the total number of appeals there have been only 35 formal hearings 33 having had State decision In only two instances the decision of the County Department was reversed by the State Department and in 31 instances the County decision was sustained by the State Department Of the 33 decisions there were three reversals by the County Department as a result of the hearing
There have been 225 appeal cases decided without a formal hearing These decisions were a result of further interpretation of eligibility by the County and State Department to the appellant
At the beginning of the fiscal year July 1 1938 there are twentyseven appeal cases pending decision by the State Department Of the 159 counties in the State there were ninetytwo counties in which there were no appeals Fulton County had the largest number 106 due to the large number of applicants and their accessibility to the State Office An accompanying table shows the sources and disposition of appeals by counties
STATE OF GEORGIA
57
PUBLIC ASSISTANCE TABLE VI
ANALYSIS OF APPEALS TO THE STATE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE AS THE RESULT OF THE DECISION MADE ON APPLICATIONS IN THE COUNTY DEPARTMENTS FOR OLD AGE ASSISTANCE AID TO THE BLIND AND AID TO DEPENDENT CHILDREN DURING THE FISCAL YEAR t JULY 1 1937JULY 1 1938
93 Counties not having appeals omitted
COUNTY BASIS OF APPEAL TYPE OF ASSISTANCE DISPOSI TION AFTER HEARINGS
Re j ection Delay Inadequate Old Age Blind Dep Child No of Hearings Sustained Reversed Number Without Hearings No Pending Total
1 Arrnlinp 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1
1 1 2 2 2
1 1 2 2 2
2 1 3 3 3
fi Rerrieri 3 4 1 8 7 1 8
7 Ribh 1 1 1 1 1
8 Rronks 2 2 4 4 4
Q Rnllnob 1 1 1 1
TO Burke 6 5 1 2 1 1 3 1 6
11 Candler 1 1 1 1
IS Carrnl1 1 1 1 1
13 Catnnsa 1 1 1 1
14 Tharltnn 1 1 1 1 1
IR Chatham 3 1 4 3 1 4
Ifi Obattnnga 1 2 3 2 1 3
17 Cherokee 1 2 1 1 1 3 2 1 3
18 Clarke 1 1 1 1
19 Clay 2 2 2 2
20 Cl ay ton 1 1 1 1
21 Cobb 1 2 3 3 3
22 Coffee 1 1 2 1 1 1 2
23 D eoa tur 1 1 1 1
24 DaTC alb 1 1 2 4 2 2 4
25 Dooly 1 1 1 1 1

26 Douglas 1 1 1 1 2 2
27 Flbart 3 7 9 1 8 2 10
28 Evans 1 1 1 1
29 Fayette 2 2 2 2
30 Forsyth 2 2 1 1 1 2
31 Franklin 1 1 1 1
32 Fulton 27 60 19 98 1 7 13 12 1 91 2 106
33 Gwinnett 3 3 3 3
34 Habersham 2 2 2 2
35 Heard 1 1 1 1
36 Henry 2 2 2 2
37 Irwin 1 1 1 1
38 Jackson 1 1 1 1
39 Jasper 2 2 2 2
40 Jeff Davis 1 1 2 1 1 1 2

DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
58
PUBLIC ASSISTANCE TABLE VI
ANALYSIS OF APPEALS TO THE STATE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE AS THE RESULT OF THE DECISION MADE ON APPLICATIONS IN THE COUNTY DEPARTMENTS FOR OLD AGE ASSISTANCE AID TO THE BLIND AND AID TO DEPENDENT CHILDREN DURING THE FISCAL YEAR
JULY 1 1937JULY 1 1938
93 Counties not having appeals omitted
COUNTY BASIS OF APPEAL TYPE OF ASSISTANCE DISPOSI TION AFTER HEARINGS Number Without Hearings No Pending Total
Rej ection Delay Inadequate Old Age Blind Dep Child No of Hearings Sustained Reversed
l 4 1 4 1 1 1 3 1 5
1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
1 1 2 2 2

fil Pnltr 6 22 1 28 1 29 29
1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1
3 2 1 6 1 1 5 6
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1
2 2 1 1 1 2
2 2 2 2 2
2 2 1 1 1 2
1 1 1 1
3 3 3 3
Trrvnp 6 3 9 2 2 5 2 9
1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1
fifi Whitfipld 4 1 2 3 3 2 5
7 WiTUp 2 2 2 2

TOTALS 125 122 38 265 3 17 1 35 28 5 225 27 285
Pending State Decision
The other point of confusionthe method of determining the amount of each award on the basis of needarose from the fact that many persons gained the opinion maximum awards had been set as standard awards
Under the old age assistance program the maximum monthly grant is 30 under the aid to the blind program the maximum is the same and under the program of aid to dependent children the maximum is 18 per month for the first child and 12 per month for each additional child in any family
STATE OF GEORGIA
59
In making all awards it is first necessary that the County Department determine the need of the family group or the individual old age and blind awards being made on the basis of the need of the person applying and dependent children awards on the basis of the need of the children in the family eligible for assistance
The case need in all instances is figured on a monthly basis for standard costs of living such as food shelter fuel lights clothing insurance household needs medical care water and incidentals Special allowances are made for food when the circumstances warrant such as pregnancy of a mother necessity for school lunches for children presence of a sufferer from rickets pellagra or tuberculosis in the family or other conditions calling for special diets
Payments for rent are limited to 20 per cent of the total expense budget of the person
All needs are established on a minimum cost basis and from the total budget of needs is subtracted the income of the applicant from all sources whether wages rentals on property owned pensions from any source aid from relatives assistance from churches or lodges the sale of any produce or any other source This amount represents the budgetary deficiency of the applicant and the award made to him must under Federal regulations cover at least 75 per cent of this deficiency except when it would exceed maximum limits
The Federal regulations will not countenance the award of an amount in excess of the deficiency and will not approve expenditure of Federal funds in any case for which the budget has been inaccurately or inadequately calculated
In order to give a uniform basis for the calculation of budgets the State Department furnishes each county with a manual explaining the methods of budgeting and besides giving in detail minimum requirements for the two most important factsfood and clothing These food and clothing budgets were prepared after an exhaustive study of retail market prices throughout the State by a home economist on the staff of the department Tables showing food and clothing budgets by individuals and family groups accompany this report The budget figures furnished the county directors for their purposes carry the detail of the kinds and types of food or clothing for which estimates have been made in even local marketing conditions or general price changes demand revisions
60
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
PUBLIC ASSISTANCE TABLE VII MONTHLY FOOD BUDGETS AT MINIMUM COST
Group I Counties Group II Counties Group III Counties Group IV Counties Group V Counties
Elderly Man or Woman 5 44 5 31 546 5 39 5 17
Moderately Active Man 8 37 811 8 38 8 41 8 10
Moderately Active Woman 712 6 66 6 69 6 83 6 66
Very Active Man 10 36 1018 1038 10 57 10 07
Very Active Woman 812 7 91 830 829 7 90
Child Under Four Yrs 620 6 29 6 42 5 70 r 5
Boy46Yrs or Girl 47 Yrs 6 35 6 33 6 52 5 92 6 18
Boy 78 Yrs or Girl 810 Yrs 7 55 756 7 70 719 7 45
Boy 910 Yrs or Girl 1113 Yrs 818 8 22 8 39 8 00 P6
Boy 1112 Yrs or Girl Over 13 Yrs 8 69 8 62 8 86 842 8 66
Active Boy 1315 Yrs 9 77 9 52 9 91 9 48 9 is
Active Boy Over 15 Yrs Family of 2 Adults Elderly 10 47 1000 1045 10 17 9 87
People Family of 3 Adults Elderly 1134 10 95 11 22 11 11 10 69
People Family of 1 Adult and 2 Children 16 61 1630 16 59 1640 15 97
710 Years of Age Family of 1 Adult and 2 Children 1454 14 53 14 83 14 23 14 45
1 Under 4 7 and 10 Yrs Family of 1 Adult and 3 Children 20 97 20 88 21 31 2004 20 66
1 Under 4 7101013 Yrs 29 03 2911 29 62 28 08 28 97
Family of 1 Adult and 4 Children 35 29 35 99 36 29 34 05 35 49
Family of 1 Adult and 5 Children 4272 42 99 43 98 4119 42 60
Family of 1 Adult and 6 Children 48 31 48 26 49 81 48 61 47 00
Family of 1 Adult and 7 Children 57 47 57 36 59 34 55 58 R3 63
Family of 1 Adult and 8 Children 63 32 63 09 64 61 6144 59 10
1 Group I counties are those with a city of 40000 population or more Group II with a city over 15000 and under 40000 Group III those with cities over 5000 and under 15 0001 Group IV rural North Georgia counties with no city over 5000 and Group V rural South Georgia counties with no city over 5000
STATE OF GEORGIA
61
PUBLIC ASSISTANCE TABLE VIII CLOTHING BUDGET AT MINIMUM COST FOR FAMILY GROUPS
FAMILY MONTHLY COST IN DIFFERENT SECTIONS
Group 111111 Counties Group IV Counties Group V Counties
1 Parent and Infant to 1 yean 413 474 458
1 Parent and 1 PreSchool Child 418 448 4 39
1 Parent and 1 Girl 610 years 505 540 5 21
1 Parent and 1 Boy 610 years 4 93 547 5 39
1 Parent and 1 Girl 1014 years 5 45 587 6 00
1 Parent and 1 Boy 1014 years 5 02 5 70 5 63
1 Parent and 1 Girl 1418 years 6 66 6 63 6 88
1 Parent and 1 Boy 1418 years 6 20 6 39 6 51
1 Parent and 2 Infants to 1 year 5 33 634 610
1 Parent and 2 PreSchool Children 5 43 582 572
1 Parent and 2 Children under 10 CM 705 7 73 7 54
1 Parent and 2 Children under 14 t 7 54 843 8 57
1 Parent and 2 Children under 18 993 9 88 1033
1 Parent and 3 Children under 10 750 834 8 06
1 Parent and 3 Children under 13 9 57 1046 10 48
1 Parent and 4 ChildrenJEvi j 10 82 12 80 11 81
1 Parent and 5 Children 99 1340 13 37
1 Parent and 6 Children 1408 15 96 15 94
1 Parent and 7 Children M 17 81 19 45 19 76
1 Parent and 8 Children A 2108 2270 23 21
2 Parents and 1 Infant to 1 year 7 62 8 46 839
2 Parents and 1 PreSchool Child 1 7 67 820 8 20
2 Parents and 1 Girl 610 years 8 54 912 9 02
2 Parents and 1 Boy 610 years 8 42 919 9 20
2 Parents and 1 Girl 1014 years 8 94 9 59 9 81
2 Parents and 1 Boy 1014 years 8 51 942 944
2 Parents and 1 Girl 1418 years 1015 10 35 10 69
2 Parents and 1 Boy 1418 years 9 69 1011 10 32
2 Parents and 2 Infants to 1 year 882 1006 9 99
2 Parents and 2 PreSchool Children 8 92 9 54 9 53
2 Parents and 2 Children under 10 years 10 54 1145 Hf 35
2 Parents and 2 Children under 14 years 1103 1215 12 38
2 Parents and 2 Children under 18 years 1342 13 60 1414
2 Parents and 3 Children under 10 years 10 99 12 06 1187
2 Parents and 3 Children under 3 years 1306 1418 14 29
14 31 10 52 1562
15 48 1712 1718
17 57 19 68 19 75
21 30 2317 23 57
2 Parents and 8 Children 24 57 2642 2702
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
62
III
GENERAL RELIEF
General relief in Georgia is designed to care for those persons eligible neither for social security benefits nor for Federal emergency relieffor those persons between the ages of 16 and 65 who are afflicted diseased or for other physical reasons unable to take advantage of special types of relief available for normal persons
During the period covered by this report general relief also has served another important function that of a backstop for the emergency needs of persons awaiting transfer to other forms of relief in the transition which necessarily followed the reorganization of welfare functions and activities
Financial responsibility for general relief rests entirely with local governmental agencies and neither the State nor the Federal governments contribute to the cost either of administration or of benefits Appropriations by County Commissions and by municipal governments in the larger centers support all general relief activities
In those counties in which the appropriations are made to the County Welfare Departments organized under the Welfare Act of 1937 the State Department is charged with supervising general activities and the County Departments follow rules and regulations of the State Department in determining eligibility and making allotments The State Department exercises no direct control over general relief expenditures and acts only in a supervisory capacity In those counties which elected to make their appropriations to Family Welfare Societies or other agencies operating independently of the County Welfare Department the State Department assumes no responsibility at all over functions of these organizations
Prior to institution of the Social Security Program in Georgia in July 1937 the entire load of relief other than Federal emergency programs fell in the category of general relief and was the sole responsibility of the local governmental agencies The ability of the local agencies to meet the need is discussed in detail in Part I of this report
The very inadequacy of the old system without Social Security benefits for the needy aged for dependent children and for the needy blind was one of the main factors contributing to the insistent demand for changes which would permit these benefits to begin operation in Georgia
One of the main points advanced in favor of the Social Security program was the fact that it not only would bring a greater amount of relief to a larger number of persons but that it would relieve local governmental agencies of much of their financial responsibility and would help stop a drain on their funds Both of these contentions have been borne out by developments during the one year of Social Security operations but the program of general relief has not reached a permanent basis of operation It should require another full year of operation before counties can determine the approximate extent to which they will have to go in meeting needs of persons not embraced in the other types of welfare services
General relief expenditures for the 151 counties contributing to this type of service for the fiscal year starting in July 1937 were 61063274 Over half of this amount 32800938 was spent by the Fulton County Welfare Department in the States largest industrial and commercial area In the other largest counties of the State the general relief costs were
Chatham 3531925
Richmond 3231612
Muscogee 3159168
Bibb 1714032
STATE OF GEORGIA
63
Floyd DeKalb Clarke Dodge Spalding Bartow Lowndes Ware Glynn
1280041
1147956
1001275
548000
459592
455265
438470
431420
431057
The total expenditures for the State for the year represented 98573 case grants the highest for any month being July 1937 when 12144 cases representing 29206 persons received general relief
During August and September declines were shown in General relief expenditures but in October a small increase was started and continued through November and December It was in October that effects of the recession began to be felt that unemployment started to mount and that larger numbers of persons of necessity had to turn to attempts to obtain relief This trend was shown more clearly in applications for WPA employment than in any other manner and the increases in general relief during the last months of 1937 were attributed to the fact that assistance of some kind had to be given persons awaiting WPA certification
General relief expenditures however during this period did not reach the 7051064 figure of July the highest for the last quarter being December with 7864 cases drawing 5636547
From a figure of 5504804 in January 1938 a gradual monthly decline was shown through June when expenditures were 4291299 This reflected faster certification to WPA made possible largely through the Works Progress Administration making available to the State Department for service in the larger centers a number of social workers for special assignment to WPA certification
Between July 1937 and June 1938 the monthly expenditures by counties decreased 39 per cent while the load for general relief cases dropped 41 per cent and the number of persons included in the general relief cases dropped 35 per cent as follows
GENERAL RELIEF TABLE No I
Comparative Statement of General Relief Costs and Cases July 1937 and June 1938
No Of Oases No of Persons Amount of Obligations Average Per Case Average Per Person
July 1937 June 1938 Denrease 12144 7188 4 956 41 29206 18 939 10267 35 70 510 64 42 912 99 27 597 65 39 581 597 241 2 27
Denrease

Monthly changes in general relief costs and expenditures by counties are shown in General Relief Table No II
64
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
GENERAL RELIEF TABLE No II
GENERAL RELIEF CASES FROM JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938 INCLUSIVE BY MONTHS CASES PERSONS AMOUNT OF OBLIGATIONS AVERAGE PER CASE AND AVERAGE PER PERSON
1937 No of Cases No of Persons Amount of Obligations Average Per Case Average Per Person
July 12144 29206 70 510 64 581 241
August 9 560 23 878 53 661 81 5 61 225
September 8 090 19 527 46 044 83 5 69 2 36
October 7 253 17 910 47 109 83 6 50 2 63
November 7 158 18 172 48 158 18 6 73 2 65
December 1938 7846 21 967 56 365 47 718 2 57
J anuary 8 378 23 526 55 048 04 6 57 2 34
February mhhnr 8106 22 513 51 284 41 6 33 2 28
March 7 934 22 557 50 335 69 6 34 2 23
April 7 518 20 798 45 251 94 602 218
May 7 398 19 771 43 948 91 5 94 222
June 7 188 18 939 42 912 99 5 97 2 27
TOTALS 98 573 258 764 610 632 74 619 2 36
The average monthly general relief grant was 619 per case or 236 per person for the year with the highest average being shown in December at 718 per case and 257 per person
While it is expected that the average general relief grant will show a major increase when the various forms of assistance are properly coordinated and placed on a permanent basis of operation this development did not take place during the past year The average payment per case in July 1937 was 581 and per person 241 while in June 1938 the average was 597 per case and 227 per person
No permanent basis of general relief can be attained until all those persons eligible for social security benefits are transferred to these rolls with available county finances being left for contribution to those cases solely the responsibility of the counties Not until this basis of operation is attained will the counties be able to maintain a higher average of monthly grants which now are far below the average for old age assistance aid to the blind and aid to dependent children awards These averages for June 1938 were
Old age assistance 910 per person
Dependent children 789 per person
Aid to the blind 1147 per person
All purposes 894 per person
The net result of the years operation of the social security program so far as general relief and cost to counties is concerned is a 39 per cent reduction in necessary expenditures to keep assistance to general relief clients on approximately the same basis of case grants It is not expected that a decrease of equal amount will be shown during the next year but rather that average grants will be increased as more general relief clients are transferred to old age blind or dependent child awards to which the State and Federal governments contribute 90 per cent of the cost
Due to the fact that many of those awaiting approval for social security awards are receiving surplus commodities and no general relief it is not expected that the reduction in the case load
STATE OF GEORGIA
65
of general relief will be as great as the 41 per cent for the past year Monthly expenditures by counties likewise are slowly approaching a minimum limit the reductions during the last few months of the ending fiscal year having been very gradual
The fact is to be considered that counties while they receive no financial assistance in caring for general relief clients continue to have the right to certify these clients for receipt of surplus commodities and it is true that in a vast majority of cases general relief clients have their monthly grants supplemented by commodities at an almost insignificant cost to the counties
GENERAL RELIEF TABLE No Ill
GENERAL RELIEF CASES FROM JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938 BY COUNTIES INCLUSIVE BY CASES PERSONS AMOUNT OF OBLIGATIONS AVERAGE FOR TWELVE MONTHS PERIOD AND AVERAGE PER CASE AND PERSON
No of Cases No of Persons Represented Amount of Obligations Average No of Cases Average No of Persons Average Amount of Obligations Average Per Case Average Per Person
Appling 54 104 14300 9 17 2383 265 138
Atkinson 79 117 51700 7 10 4308 654 442
Bacon 220 358 87200 18 30 7266 396 244
Baker 338 726 42350 28 61 3529 125 58
Baldwin 862 1715 160992 72 143 13416 186 94
Banks 105 135 40168 13 17 5021 386 295
Barrow 175 400 58475 15 33 4873 325 148
Bartow 382 1280 455265 35 116 41388 1183 357
Ben Hill V M 83 177 27600 7 15 2300 329 153
Berrien 200 431 55000 20 43 5500 275 128
Bibb 3517 10095 1714032 293 841 142836 487 170
Bleckley 93 129 24110 8 12 2192 274 183
Brantley Q 156 362 67150 13 30 5596 430 187
Brooks 45 201 47006 4 8 4273 1068 237
Bryan 123 267 42324 11 24 3847 351 160
Bulloch 401 631 119250 33 53 9938 301 188
Burke 220 680 120573 22 68 12057 548 177
Butts 150 283 60880 13 24 5073 390 211
Calhoun 348 647 96900 29 54 8075 278 150
Camden 415 995 144630 35 83 12053 344 145
Candler 102 230 46556 9 19 3880 431 204
Carroll 136 289 53054 11 24 4421 402 184
Catoosa 55 79 39700 5 7 3308 662 472
Charlton 175 429 62100 15 36 5175 345 144
Chatham 4981 13992 3531925 415 1166 294327 709 252
Chattahoochee 31 37 10600 3 3 883 294 294
Chattooga 407 1427 218144 34 119 18179 535 153
Cherokee 240 874 109736 22 79 9976 453 126
Clarke 1541 3739 1001275 128 311 83440 652 268
Clay 99 181 32100 25 45 8025 321 178
Clayton 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Clinch 115 164 64163 12 16 6416 535 401
Cobb 202 878 58625 17 73 4885 287 67
Coffee 349 1324 183206 32 120 16655 520 139
Colquitt 361 1129 177546 30 94 14796 493 157
Columbia 96 115 43750 8 10 3646 456 365
Cook 76 276 31590 6 23 2633 439 114
Coweta 173 510 116798 16 46 10618 664 231
Crawford 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Crisp 270 539 81619 23 45 6802 296 151
66
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
GENERAL RELIEF TABLE No Ill
GENERAL RELIEF CASES FROM JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938 BY COUNTIES INCLUSIVE BY CASES PERSONS AMOUNT OF OBLIGATIONS AVERAGE FOR TWELVE MONTHS PERIOD AND AVERAGE PER CASE AND PERSON
Dade
Dawson
Decatur
DeKalb
Dodgej
Dooly Dougherty
Douglas
Early
Echols
Effingham
Elbert
Emanuel Evans Fannin
Fayette
Floyd
Forsyth
Franklin Fulton
Gilmer
Glascock
Glynn
Gordon
Griady
Greene r Gwinnett Habersham
Hall
Hancock
Haralson
Harris
Hart
Heardj
Henry
Houston
Irwin
Jackson
Jasper
Jeff Davis
Jefferson
Jenkins
Johnson
Jones
Lamar
Lanier
Laurens
Lee
Liberty
Lincoln
No of Cases No of Persons Represented Amount oi Obligations Average No of Cases Average No of Persons Average Amount of Obligations Averag Per Case Average Per Person
156 654 98370 13 55 8198 631 149
57 118 37850 5 10 3154 631 315
749 1721 242344 62 143 20195 326 141
1958 5556 1147956 163 463 95663 587 207
679 1327 548000 62 121 49818 804 412
155 333 61883 14 30 5626 402 188
469 725 145751 39 60 12145 311 202
226 879 36006 19 73 3001 158 41
1013 1808 200374 84 151 16698 199 110
68 150 34727 6 13 2894 482 223
256 400 97265 21 33 8105 386 246
95 143 27376 10 14 2738 274 196
354 814 107789 30 68 8982 299 132
45 84 10358 4 7 863 216 123
150 246 39807 13 21 3317 255 158
55 285 13883 6 32 1543 257 48
5519 20401 1280041 460 1700 106670 232 63
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
93 175 51875 8 15 4323 540 288
34736 92307 32800938 2895 7692 2733412 944 355
95 227 23117 8 19 1926 241 101
118 235 34250 10 20 2854 285 143
825 1531 431057 69 128 35921 521 281
232 682 198420 19 57 16535 870 290
214 571 53603 18 48 4467 248 93
217 297 41411 18 25 3450 192 138
407 804 135423 34 67 11285 332 168
326 600 139400 27 50 11617 430 232
133 264 54300 11 22 4525 411 206
311 539 69567 26 45 5797 223 129
147 524 55749 12 44 4646 387 106
79 123 29492 7 10 2458 351 246
101 304 35269 8 25 2939 367 118
58 139 22732 5 12 1694 379 158
121 342 43396 10 29 3618 362 125
1 4 1150 1 4 1150 1150 288
102 181 34180 13 23 4273 328 186
50 54 21850 4 5 1821 455 364
100 231 30430 9 21 2766 307 132
119 215 62800 10 18 5233 523 291
92 169 88500 8 14 7375 922 527
13 57 6795 7 29 3398 485 117
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
77 108 38450 15 22 7690 513 350
235 392 55260 20 33 4605 230 140
33 37 13300 3 3 1209 403 403
125 371 31300 31 93 7825 252 84
147 240 35346 12 20 2946 246 147
421 1091 135520 35 91 11293 323 124
25 33 13400 3 3 1340 447 447
STATE OF GEORGIA
67
GENERAL RELIEF TABLE No Ill
GENERAL RELIEF CASES FROM JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938 BY COUNTIES INCLUSIVE BY CASES PERSONS AMOUNT OF OBLIGATIONS AVERAGE FOR TWELVE MONTHS PERIOD AND AVERAGE PER CASE AND PERSON
No of Cases No of Persons Represented Amount of Obligations Average No of Cases Average No of Persons Average Amount of Obligations Average Per Case Average Per Person
Long 110 347 45975 9 29 3831 426 132
Lowndes 1460 4540 438470 122 378 36539 300 97
Lumpkin 157 384 70600 13 32 5883 453 184
Macon 129 301 51020 11 25 4252 387 170
Madison 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Marion 119 229 22850 10 19 1904 190 100
McDuffie 13 13 8500 4 4 2833 708 708
McIntosh 172 273 49550 14 23 4129 295 180
Meriwether 22 60 4485 3 9 598 199 66
Miller 118 310 38434 10 26 3202 320 123
Mitchell 165 564 89101 14 47 7425 530 158
Monroe H 262 430 73850 22 36 6154 280 171
Montgomery 90 391 22950 8 36 2086 261 58
Morgan R 1 499 669 104575 42 56 8715 208 156
Murray 34 34 10200 3 3 851 283 283
Muscogee 4540 14103 3159168 378 1175 263264 696 224
Newton 182 523 70557 15 44 5880 392 134
Oconee 61 99 16650 6 10 1665 278 167
Oglethorpe 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Paulding 252 481 83350 21 40 6946 331 174
Peach 631 1736 158815 53 145 13235 250 91
Pickens 36 58 36000 3 5 3000 1000 600
Pierce 1 329 548 107155 27 46 8930 331 194
Pike 247 557 55230 21 46 4603 219 100
Polk 550 1901 148618 46 159 12385 269 78
Pulaski 527 884 134550 44 74 11213 255 152
Putnam 785 1411 139490 65 118 11624 179 99
Quitman 1 47 82 23790 4 7 2163 541 309
Rabun 399 663 251571 33 55 20964 635 381
Randolph 141 228 49659 12 19 4138 345 218
Richmond 4445 10721 3231612 370 893 269301 748 302
Rockdale 1 H 127 297 58683 12 27 5335 445 198
Schley 19 120 2738 5 30 685 137 23
Screven 490 786 120200 41 66 10017 244 152
Seminole 158 346 26900 13 29 2242 172 77
Spalding 1247 3536 459592 104 295 38299 368 130
Stephens 150 349 51560 13 29 4297 331 148
Stewart 1059 1952 231600 97 177 21055 217 119
Sumter 852 1492 166100 71 124 13842 195 112
Talbot 193 426 50965 19 43 5097 268 119
Taliaferro 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tattnall 200 361 75175 17 30 6265 369 209
Taylor 107 180 30700 9 15 2558 284 171
Telfair 189 421 73729 17 38 6703 394 176
Terrell 231 529 63273 19 44 5273 278 120
Thomas 804 3119 280959 67 260 23413 349 90
Tift 291 567 133567 24 47 11131 464 237
Toombs 106 178 53110 9 15 4426 492 295
Towns 19 37 6000 5 9 1500 300 167
Treutlen 1 20 125 3400 2 11 309 155 28
68
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
GENERAL RELIEF TABLE No Ill
GENERAL RELIEF CASES FROM JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938 BY COUNTIES INCLUSIVE BY CASES PERSONS AMOUNT OF OBLIGATIONS AVERAGE FOR TWELVE MONTHS PERIOD AND AVERAGE PER CASE AND PERSON
No of Cases No of Persons Represented Amount of Obligations Average No of Cases Average No of Persons Average Amount of Obligations Average Per Case Average Per Person
Troup 339 1071 150196 28 89 12516 447 141
Turner 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Twiggs 248 461 74024 21 38 6169 294 162
Union 121 133 44700 10 11 3725 373 339
Upson 1088 2313 374892 91 193 31241 343 162
Walker 346 776 116050 29 65 9671 333 149
Walton 368 556 126776 37 J 56 12678 343 226
Ware 1517 4278 431420 138 389 39220 284 101
Warren 11 17 5900 2 3 983 491 326
Washington 125 141 33640 13 14 3364 259 240
Wayne 317 1015 223920 26 85 18660 718 220
Webster 42 42 11831 4 4 986 247 247
Wheeler 163 330 97700 14 28 8142 582 291
White 45 183 10800 4 15 900 225 60
Whitfield 1079 3827 308655 90 319 25721 286 81
Wilcox 142 282 30900 16 31 3433 215 111
Wilkes 13 25 8100 7 13 4050 579 312
Wilkinson 1 1 1000 1 1 1000 1000 1000
Worth 692 1516 217292 58 126 18108 312 144
TOTALS 98573 258764 61063274 8214 21564 5088606 620 236
STATE OF GEORGIA
69
IV
WPA CERTIFICATION
The Works Progress Administration brought into Georgia during the past fiscal year approximately 17975000 in the largest of the programs providing emergency relief to the unemployed of the State Of the amount spent by the organization approximately 13000000 went out directly in relief wages while the balance was made up of administrative costs and purchase of materials for the carrying out of various construction projects
The connection of the State Department of Public Welfare with the program is supervision of the certification of WPA applicants as to eligibility for employment The assignment of workers to projects determination of the type of labor for which they are fitted and other problems of a similar nature are left with the WPA
Until July 1937 the payment of most of the costs of WPA certification were being borne from a residue of FERA funds allocated to the State but beginning with that date the Federal government dropped all financial responsibility for certifications This cost is one borne entirely by counties and is not one of the welfare functions toward which the State contributes financially although the State Department is given the duty of supervising the work throughout the State
When the Federal agencies withdrew from the support of certifications WPA employment amounted to 22268 in the State From this date July 1937 until June 15 1938 the rolls were increased to 46998 to meet the growing demand resulting from higher unemployment
There was a decline in WPA employment from July through October 1937 with the recession being reflected by a steady increase which started in November 1937 When this recession caused large numbers in the urban centers to call on the WPA for employment counties of the State generally were unable to cope with the situation with the necessary amount of speed and the WPA through special assignment of some of its social workers to the State Department gave assistance in the certification field These especially assigned WPA attaches were stationed in the welfare offices of the larger counties where officials were unable to support increased staffs to give adequate service to the unemployed
The following table shows the number of persons employed by the WPA by months Each monthly figure represents the average taken from weekly employment reports
Month Year Total Percent Certified Percent Not Certified Percent
July 1937 22 268 1000 22 015 989 253 11
August 1937 22141 1000 21 902 990 239 10
September 1937 20602 1000 20 389 990 213 10
October 1937 20 601 1000 20 358 989 243 11
November 1937 21 401 1000 21133 988 268 12
December 1937 23 849 1000 23 592 989 257 11
January 1938 30 252 1000 29 974 991 278 09
February 1938 32 702 1000 32 432 992 270 08
March 1938 37 202 1000 36 908 992 294 08
April 1938 42 293 1000 41 971 992 322 08
May 1938 44200 1000 43 867 992 333 0 8
June 15 1938 46 998 1000 46 647 993 351 07
Note Certified workers represent relief workers while not certified are those connected with the administrative functioning of the WPA in Georgia It will be noted that relief workers increased at a much faster rate than administrative workers
70
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
While the WPA has no responsibility at all for contributing to the certification program the organization planned to continue assistance to the county staffs by assigning through the State Department approximately 60 persons beginning in August 1938 The WPA further agreed to furnish to the State Department a supervisor of WPA certification for direction of the activities of these especially assigned persons
The rules and regulations for determining eligibility of applicants for WPA employment are established by the WPA and are executed under supervision of the State Department
Administration of the WPA program has two major differences from administration of public assistance benefits under the Social Security system While the Social Security funds are distributed to the counties of the State on the basis of population the allocation of WPA funds is on the basis of need to meet unemployment with the ability of local governmental agencies to support works projects necessarily being taken into consideration
The other difference is the determination of the assistance given each applicant With the Social Security system the basis of determination is need of the applicant The WPA on the other hand pays standard security wages
For the past fiscal year the minimum wage was 2112 per month for unskilled laborers in rural areas and ranged upward to 7550 for professional and technical workers in urban areas of more than 100000 population An increase in the WPA scale raised these limits beginning July 1938 to 2680 and 7906 respectively The following division of workers between the various types of wage classes shows a ratio which has remained fairly constant
Total Unskilled Inter mediate Skilled Professional Technical Non Security
March 301938 41290 32872 4 088 3064 538 728
April 271938 42747 33 429 4 699 3261 618 740
May 251938 45129 35 250 5113 3 335 654 777
The average WPA earning throughout the State is 35 per month for all classes of workers Due to the fact that hourly rates of pay vary while wages for each class of employee remain constant the number of hours of work required of each to earn his security allotment also shows a difference It is for this reason that the schedules of workers are staggered on many projects
In considering the WPA program it is well to give an important place to the approximately 4000000 expended for materials Without this assistance many local communities would be unable to sponsor projects on which the unemployed could find work The expenditure further goes into industry to help maintain private employment
The National Youth Administration gives assistance to students and other young people in another avenue of aid for the needy The State Department of Public Welfare has the responsibility of certifying applicants for NYA aid through the facilities of county departments NYA expenditures amount to approximately 400000 annually in Georgia
STATE OF GEORGIA
71
V
CCC CERTIFICATION
The important activities of the Civilian Conservation Corps for the reclamation of land reforestation development of parks and kindred work have received such a popular acclaim that the functions of the organization as a part of the general Federal relief program often are lost sight of
The CCC was developed with a particular view of giving wholesome employment and training to the youth of the land at a time when they were finding gainful occupations hard to obtain and necessarily were wandering about in a wilderness of economic hopelessness
The young men recruited in the Corps are drawn from families of substandard income and the major portion of the 30 per month remuneration of the young men is returned to their families Each CCC member is required to send back to his family at least 2250 per month and he can return 25 the payments being made directly to the families
As with other forms of relief the determination of economic need must be proved for any family from which a son desires to enroll in the Corps The U S Department of Labor is given control over the selection of the prospective enrollees while the U S Army determines the physical fitness of each applicant for service
The State Department of Public Welfare and the various County Departments cooperate in both activits the welfare organization being the sole agency for establishing the economic needs of the applicants and certifying them as qualifying for enrollment Both the State and County Departments cooperate with the Army in the recruiting process which is operated on a basis of efficiency even greater than that shown by the Army during the heavy enlistment period following entrance of the United States into the World War
At the request of the Department of Labor the State Department has created for effectiveness in July 1938 a branch of the Public Assistance Division to have charge of CCC Certification and to lend assistance and cooperation not only to the Army and Labor Department but to the Forestry Service as well in its duty of directing the projects on which CCC members are employed
Applications for CCC enrollment are made to County Welfare Directors who make the necessary investigation of economic needs of the families involved The Army governs the enrollment informing the State Department at regular intervals of the quota of enrollees to be accepted for the State as a whole The State Department divides the quota among the counties as evenly as possible and turns over to the Army the list of eligible applicants in each county to fill any given quota Alternates also are given to the Army to replace any applicants not meeting physical requirements A representative of the State Department accompanies the Army recruiting outfit to collect necessary records the Department is required to maintain
The State Department is required to maintain a record of the service of each enrollee the discharge of enrollees and other information necessary for the proper administration of the program
During the year July 1937June 1938 the payments of CCC enrollees to Georgia families amounted to 2404200 with the heaviest monthly payment being 243350 for 9734 members of the Corps The payments and enrollment by months are shown in the following table
72
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
CCC TABLE No I
Monthly Enrollment and Home Allotments of Georgia CCC Enrollees July 1937June 1938
MONTH Year No of Boys in Camp Payments to Families MONTH Year No of Boys in Camp Payments to Families
July 1937 8 666 216 650 00 J anuary 1938 8842 22105000
August 1937 7 664 191 600 00 February 1938 7 726 193150 00
September 1937 5 625 140 625 00 March 1938 8 030 200 750 00
October 1937 9 734 243 350 00 April 1938 7 330 183 250 00
November 1937 9 319 232 975 00 May 1938 7 172 179 300 00
December 1937 8 967 22417500 June 1938 7 093 177 325 00
Total 2 404 200 00

This tabulation is based on the number of enrollees in camp at the end of each month and the grant to their families at an average of 2500 per enrollee
Payments for July 1938 were expected to show a sharp increase since the Army enrolled 1806 young men from the State during the month
The number of enrollees varies from month to month due to the fact that enrollments are for periods of six months for each youth with a maximum service of 18 months and further to the fact that financial problems of the CCC nationally require a variance in the number of camps maintained
An accompanying table shows by counties the number of enrollees for June 1938 for the State While this was the lowest month for the year the ratio between the counties would be approximately the same for any month since the distribution between the counties is maintained on a regular basis
The CCC occupies an important place in the relief plan of the State Efforts are maintained to keep this program coordinated with all others in order to avoid duplication of services and duplication of payments to families It often occurs for instance that in a family in which the head is not physically able to perform WPA work a son will be acceptable for CCC service and thus prevent the family from having to depend on general relief which would be far more inadequate for the familys needs Providing as it does maintenance for between 7000 and 9000 families in the State the CCCs place in the general welfare program is of great significance
CCC TABLE No II
CIVILIAN CONSERVATION CORPS ENROLLEES IN THE STATE FOR THE MONTH
OF JUNE 1938
COUNTY Number of Enrollees Amount COUNTY Number of Enrollees Amount
1 Appling 43 107500 11 Bibb 113 2 825 00
2 Atkinson 21 525 00 12 Bleckley 23 575 00
3 Bacon 20 500 00 13 Brantley 32 800 00
4 Baker 22 550 00 14 Brooks 44 1100 00
5 Baldwin 49 1 225 00 15 Bryan 26 65000
6 Banks 65 1 625 00 16 Bulloch 35 875 00
7 Barrow 32 800 00 17 Burks 36 900 00
8 Bartow 69 1 725 00 18 Butts 42 1 050 00
9 Ben Hill 22 550 00 19 Calhoun 18 450 00
10 Berrien 26 65000 20 Camden 11 27500
STATE OF GEORGIA
73
CCC TABLE No II
CIVILIAN CONSERVATION CORPS ENROLLEES IN THE STATE FOR THE MONTH
OF JUNE 1938
COUNTY Number of Enrollees
21 Candler 30
22 Carroll 66
23 Catoosa 17
24 Charlton 23
25 Chatham 79
26 Chattahoochee 14
27 Chattooga 22
28 Cherokee 48
29 Clarke 49
30 Clay 17
31 Clayton 24
32 Clinch 32
33 Cobb 91
34 Coffee H 33
35 Colquitt 52
36 Columbia 32
37 Cook 18
38 Coweta M 42
39 Crawford 17
40 CrispSilHggB 37
41 Dade 24
42 Dawson 18
43 Decatur Sj 62
44 DeKalb 110
45 Dodge H 70
46 Dooly 59
47 Dougherty 39
48 Douglas 44
49 Early 34
50 Echols 16
51 Effingham 15
52 Elbert 63
53 Emanuel 74
54 Evans 26
55 Fannin 83
56 Fayette 26
57 Floyd 67
58 Forsyth 61
59 Franklin 69
60 Fulton 360
61 Gilmer 63
62 Glascock 18
63 Glynn 49
64 Gordon 24
65 Grady 49
66 GreeneBHH 51
67 Gwinnett 94
68 Habersham 46
69 Hall 76
70 Hancock 60
71 Haralson 59
72 Harris 58
73 Hart 53
Amount COUNTY lumber of Enrollees Amount
750 00 74 Heard 20 500 00
1 65000 75 Henry 44 110000
425 00 57500 76 Houston 24 60000
1 975 00 77 Irwin 23 57500
78 Jackson 88 2 200 00
350 00 79 Jasper 32 800 00
55000 80 Jeff Davis 28 700 00
1 200 00 1 225 00 81 Jefferson 63 i 575 00
425 00 82 Jenkins 29 725 00
83 Johnson 1 jg 57 1425 00
600 00 84 Jones 27 675 00
800 00 85 Lamar 39 97500
2 275 00 37500
825 00 86 Lanier 15
1 300 00 87 Laurens 1 101 2 52500
88 Lee 18 450 00
800 00 89 Liberty 8 200 00
450 00 90 Lincoln 40 1 000 00
1050 00 32500
425 00 91 Long 13
925 00 92 Lowndes 63 1 625 00
93 Lumpkin 29 725 00
600 00 94 Macon 24 600 00
450 00 95 Madison 78 1 950 00
1 550 00 400 00
2 750 00 96 Marion 16
1 750 00 97 McDuffie 33 825 00
98 McIntosh 13 325 00
1475 00 99 Meriwether 78 1 950 00
975 00 100 Miller 30 750 00
iJ10000 975 00
850 00 101 Mitchell 39
400 00 102 Monroe 37 925 00
103 Montgomery 62 1 550 00
375 00 104 Morgan 41 1 025 00
1 575 00 105 Murray 26 65000
1 850 00 2050 00
650 00 106 Muscogee 82
2 075 00 107 Newton 40 100000
108 Oconee 28 700 00
650 00 109 Oglethorpe 58 1450 00
I 675 00 110 Paulding 27 675 00
1 52500 47500
1 72500 111 Peach 19
9 000 00 112 Pickens 55 1 375 00
113 Pierce 55 1 37500
1 575 OC 114 Pike 27 675 00
45000 115 Polk 63 1 57500
1 225 00 475 00
600 00 116 Pulaski 19
122500 117 Putnam 30 750 00
118 puitmanBlH 13 325 00
1 275 00 119 Rabun 54 1 350 00
2 350 00 120 Randolph 40 1 000 00
1150 00 2 925 00
1 900 00 121 Richmond 117
1 500 00 122 Rockdale 14 30 00
123 Schley 26 650 00
1475 00 124 Screven 35 875 00
1 450 00 1 325 00 125 Seminole 25 625 00
74
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
CCG TABLE No II
CIVILIAN CONSERVATION CORPS ENROLLEES IN THE STATE FOR THE MONTH
OF JUNE 1938
COUNTY Number of Enrollees Amount
126 Spalding 44 110000
127 Stephens 62 155000
128 Stewart 39 975 00
129 Sumter 29 72500
130 Talbot 21 52500
131 Taliaferro 44 1100 00
132 Tattnall 62 155000
133 Taylor M 46 115000
134 Telfair 1 H 56 1 400 00
135 Terrell W 42 1 050 00
136 Thomas 54 1 350 00
137 Tift 13 325 00
138 Toombs 56 1400 00
139 Towns 87 2175 00
140 Treutlen 25 625 00
141 Troup 74 1 850 00
142 Turner R 27 675 00
143 Twiggs 37 925 00
COUNTY Number of Enrollees Amount
144 Union 82 2 050 00
145 Upson 23 575 00
146 Walker 42 1050 00
147 Walton 55 1 37500
148 Ware 55 1 375 00
149 Warren 29 725 00
150 Washington 42 1 050 00
151 Wayne 74 1 850 00
152 Webster 15 375 00
153 Wheeler 24 600 00
154 White 47 1175 00
155 Whitfield 29 72500
156 Wilcox 33 825 00
157 Wilkes 62 1 55000
158 Wilkinson 46 1150 00
159 Worth 38 950 00
TOTALS 7093 17732500
W Webb Old Age Assistai
76
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
W W WEBB
The second appointment made by Governor E D Rivers in the State Department of Public Welfare after he signed the Social Security measures was that of W W Webb as director of the Old Age Assistance Section of the Public Assistance Division
This appointment by the Governor came to Mr Webb in recognition of his long efforts to obtain in Georgia a system of pensions for the aged An octogenarian himself he set about organizing throughout the State in 1935 when the then Governor vetoed social security constitutional amendments a chain of Old Age Pension Clubs in which he enlisted many thousands of members
Mr Webb remained with the State Department for nearly a year taking a leave of absence in June 1938 in order to separate his activities with the Old Age Pension Club of Georgia from his official connection with the Department During the time that he served he saw the monthly payments to aged rise to the maximum ability of the State and expressed the belief that he could be of more service to the aged of the State through his pension club than through the State Department With his pension club he explained he would be free to seek support of legislative candidates for better financial support of the old age assistance program and to this type of work he dedicated his time when he left the State Department
In recognition of his efforts in behalf of a pension system Mr Webb was given the privilege of delivering the first three checks paid in the State in July 1937 Three recipients from the Hahira section of Lowndes County Mr Webbs home were selected by him for this ceremony which took place in the Governors office
STATE OF GEORGIA
77
VI
PERMANENCE OF OLD AGE ASSISTANCE
In many quarters the view has been adopted that the old age assistance program of the Social Security system eventually will be replaced by the old age insurance plan provided in the Social Security Act
The contention also has been forwarded that double taxes are resulting from the operation of the various forms of Social Security
Records of the State Departments first year of operation show both of these contentions to be erroneous and prove that old age assistance will continue as a permanent form of economic security for types of persons who will find their advanced years untouched by the other forms of assistance under the Social Security Act
The findings of the study were not surprising The entire social security program was designed with the view of furnishing several different services the total of which would increase the economic stability of all types of persons It appeared impossible to design a single form of assistance which would reach all and in the development of different types of assistance efforts were made to avoid duplications of service
Much confusion has existed over the exact purposes of the three major types of assistance The old age benefit plan and unemployment compensation really are forms of insurance while the old age assistance plan is the only one supported entirely from general taxation and appropriations by legislative bodies
The old age benefit plan requires the payment by employees in private business and industry of a portion of their earnings In return for this at the age of 65 they receive a monthly income a cash settlement or in event of death payment of principal and interest to the estate or specified beneficiary just as with a private insurance policy The system is supported by income from the monthly payments by private business and industrial workers The State has no part in the administration of this part of the social security program
It is contemplated that in time all persons who have worked in private business and industry will be able to retire at the age of 65 and be assured of an income for the remainder of their lives The number of persons able to do this prior to social security was astoundingly low and the situation contributed materially to the necessity for provision from public funds of special relief for the aged
Since the retirement payments to each worker are based on the actual payments which have been made to his account it will take several decades of operation before the plan reaches its maximum force and shows its maximum results It is designed however to give the working man security in old age without necessity for him to turn to public or private charity or to be forced to work beyond the age generally recognized as that for retirement
The unemployment compensation branch of the social security system often is referred to as unemployment insurance Here again the benefits to workers are determined by payments to their individual accounts but in this instance the payments are made by the employers
The purpose of unemployment compensation is to give to each worker becoming unemployed through no fault of his own an income for a long enough period to find new employment The maximum period of payment is 18 weeks and the maximum payment is 15 a week
Lessons learned in 1929 when there was wholesale unemployment proved beyond a doubt that there is no possibility of a rapid climb from a business recession or depression so long as large num
78
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
bers of people remain unemployed and without income It is a sound economic fact that unemployment breeds more unemployment unless income is provided somewhere to stop the trend
The unemployment compensation plan was designed to halt the process at its inception to prevent large numbers of workers being thrown out of jobs by industrial slumps and left with no income at all The reduction in purchasing power by vast unemployment can serve no purpose other than to slow down operations in many lines of business and boost the number of men out of work and seeking jobs where there are none
The payment of unemployment insurance should contribute materially to sustaining purchasing power should check the spread of conditions which promote unemployment and should permit a more rapid return to normal employment and industrial operation than ever has been possible in the history of the nation once the system has operated long enough to accumulate a large reserve for quick release in times of large layoffs in business and industry
Like the old age benefit plan this system is open only to those who work in business or industry It is further limited to establishments employing eight or more persons It is not open to agricultural workers to professional people to public office workers and to those employed in small establishments employing less than eight persons
The old age assistance plancommonly known as the old age pension systemis the only one of the forms of security payments which can be classified as direct relief It is the only plan other than direct relief by local communities open to the many people 65 years of age and over who found it impossible in their lives to save for their latter years It is the only plan too open to the needy aged who find employment in a land where too many young people are unemployed practically an impossibility
Funds for the support of old age assistance come for direct appropriations by State local and Federal governments Current taxes are levied for this money No special taxes in the past were imposed to build up a reserve for this class of people Even when the old age benefit plan begins to operate in full force however there still will be a need for old age assistance because of the vast number of people engaged in pursuits other than those embraced in the social security retirement plan
This statement is supported by the same records upon which the contention is made that the three forms give unduplicated protection to the people of the nation in their old age or in times of vast unemployment
From the beginning of Georgias old age assistance payments in July 1937 through June 30 1938 a total of 34443 persons received aid How many of these persons had the old age retirement system been in effect for a number of years would have been eligible for such retirement and thus not dependent upon old age assistance awards The records show very few
In the first place 24948 of the 34443 persons lived in rural communities while only 9495 lived in urban centers It is among those in urban centers where business and industry are most active that persons more easily find employment which entitles them to the old age retirement provisions of social security
Further the awards were divided almost evenly between men and women The number of men receiving awards was 16972 while the number of women was 17471practically all of them widowed deserted or without relatives upon whom they could depend
But the occupations of the persons drawing awards the line of work they followed before becoming old and unable to work indicate absolutely whether they would have been eligible for old age retirement and whether there Will not continue to be vast numbers of people ineligible for it
STATE OF GEORGIA
79
The occupational classification of beneficiaries of old age assistance awards show
Professional and technical workers 349
Proprietors managers and officials 219
Office workers 101
Salesmen and kindred workers 351
Skilled workers and foremen 963
Skilled workers and foreman Mfg 205
Semiskilled workers building 39
Semiskilled workers mfg i 1374
Unskilled laborers 2599
Domestic and personal service10987
Farm laborers and operators 9858
None and unemployable 7398
TOTAL 34443
From the first classificationprofessional and technical workersthe entire 349 would have been ineligible because they are not required to contribute to the old age benefit fund Thus those engaging in the same professions from now on will be excluded from benefits of the retirement plan and must depend if they can not save their money for their last years upon some form of assistance
In the second classification are 219 proprietors managers and officials falling without the old age benefit provisions and it is reasonable to assume that there always will be a few from this class of business endeavor to fail in their aims and reach old age dependent upon assistance
Office workers constituting 101 of the present beneficiaries will fall more than likely under provisions of the retirement plan in the future
The 351 salesmen and kindred workers represent a class of persons working on commissions in the main and as commission workers ruled out of the retirement plan Thus without an old age assistance plan those engaged in this profession would reach old age without an assurance of security in event misfortune prevented their saving for late life
The 963 skilled workers and foremen generally represent a class falling under the old age benefit plan and thus eligible for retirement The same is true of the skilled workers and foremen 205 engaged in manufacturing lines and the 1374 semiskilled industrial workers The 39 semiskilled building trades workers probably would be unable to qualify under the plan since their employment in one place is of such short duration and their variance of working conditions so great
The largest class of persons now receiving assistance the 10987 engaged in domestic and personal service is ruled from the retirement plan entirely without possibility of gaining its benefits Generally they are persons of low income unable to save and it is quite natural that the largest class of persons needing old age assistance should come from this group
Next come the farm laborers and operators to the number of 9858 The social security act insofar as the retirement plan is concerned does not affect them and their only chance for aid is through old age assistance if they reach 65 without means of support
Among the 7398 persons classed as unemployable or as having had no previous employment before reaching 65 are 4379 womenthe housewives left dependent by the deaths of their husbands or by desertion
80
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
Thus of the 34443 persons received old age assistance no more than 2643 would have been eligible for old age retirement under the social security program had it been in effect for many years Were it not for the old age assistance provision of the social security act over 31000 persons given assistance would have been dependent upon the uncertainties of local charity
It must be assumed that among the persons now approaching the age of 65 and in every generation there will continue to be somewhat the same proportion of persons ineligible for retirement under the old age benefit plan and that without provision for them a vast part of the population would be denied the security to which the National Congress and the Georgia General Assembly have said they are entitled
The talk of duplicated services and double taxes falls rapidly before these figures Some would say the 2643 persons now drawing assistance who would have been eligible for retirement had the social security program operated longer represent a duplication
Administration of the old age assistance program however would prevent this for it is impossible to award to any aged person a pension so long as he has an income sufficient for his needs Just as this holds true now for persons drawing annuities from insurance policies it will hold true of those drawing retirement benefits in the future because the old age assistance is given on the basis of need carefully ascertained
It is no mere coincidence it seems that there are now found among old age assistance beneficiaries so few persons of the kind in the future who will be able to draw retirement payments It indicates clearly that the greatest need develops in those occupations falling outside the old age benefit plan It also indicates clearly that the various branches of social security were planned not to cover only a few people but all of those who reach old age without security
It also indicates that the old age assistance program is not a temporary or stopgap system employed until another plan can reach its full maturity The old age assistance program is complementary to the other forms of Social Security and must be reckoned with separately and as a permanent institution
I
M Hardin Mitchell
Supervisor Division of Research and Statistics
I
GENERAL STATISTICS
Benefits of the Social Security system in Georgia went to the greatest extent into the rural sections of the State during the first year of operation For all types of assistanceaid to the aged to the blind and to dependent children716 per cent of the beneficiaries were rural residents and 284 per cent urban dwellers
This direction for the result of the program supports the contention put forward in the movement leading to its beginning that the rural areas of the State were those being neglected most in attention to the economic needs of individuals It likewise supports efforts for a rehabilitation and improvement of agricultural practices of the State in order to assure to each farmer a better and more adequate income and to assure to others of rural areas a sounder basis for business and commercial practices
It helps to support the contention that there is a too onesided division in the State between agricultural and industrial activity and that the greatest amount of poverty in the State exists in those rural areas where agriculture is practically the sole support of the areas economic existence
Of the 40075 cases dependent children cases figured on the basis of families not individuals which received one form of Social Security during the year 28668 were in rural areas while 11407 were in urban centers
Other factors which lend to the situation are the differences between private and public health facilities in urban and rural areas the difference which has existed in the past in educational facilities and the differences in opportunities for making a livelihood in urban and rural centers
Supporting data is provided by the previous occupation of persons drawing assistance Of the 34443 old age assistance cases 9854 were farm laborers and operators while unskilled laborers numbered 2599
In the distribution of the assistance the white and negro races shared in the entire program on approximately the same ratio that white population bears to negro Of the same number of cases 27027 were white and 13048 negro or slightly less than onethird of the recipients belonged to the negro race
The negroes showed the highest percentage in the aid to the blind program 552 of the approved cases having been negroes and 569 white persons The disproportionate showing of negroes in relation to total population is attributed largely to the greater prevalence among negroes of infectious diseases affecting the eye and to inadequate treatment of negro children at birth to prevent infections leading to blindness
In the old age assistance program 22425 of the recipients were white persons and 12018 were negroes or approximately two to one
In the aid to dependent children program 4033 of the families were white and only 478 negro The difference can be attributed to the fact that most of the children drawing assistance were living with their mothers left widowed or deserted by their husbands In the negro race it is true that a much greater proportion of women whether married or single is selfsupporting and these left by their husbands follow a natural course in continuing to provide for their families alone The tremendous opportunities for domestic service and light farm work open to negro women result in a higher proportion of regular employment than for white women Lower living costs for the negro race likewise play an important part
84
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
The larger proportion of aged negroes drawing assistance reflects the usually low income of the race during early life and the inability of most negroes to save for late life
STATISTICAL TABLE No I
ALL APPROVED CASES ALL ACTIVE CASES AND ALL CLOSED CASES FOR OLD AGE BLIND AND DEPENDENT CHILDREN AS OF JUNE 30 1938 BY SEX AND RACE
No of Cases TOTAL WHITE TOTAL WHITE NEGRO TOTAL NEGRO
Male Female Male Female Male Female
All Approved Oases 6186 12 018
Old Age 34443 16 972 17 471 11140 11285 22 425 5 832
Blind 1121 724 397 352 217 569 372 180 552
Dependent Children 1 4 511 497 4 014 452 3 581 4 033 45 433 478
TOTAL 40075 18 193 21 882 11 944 15 083 27 027 6249 6 799 13 048
Closed Cases 484 1112
Old Age 3 379 1 776 1603 1 148 1119 2 267 628
Blind 51 36 15 19 9 28 17 6 23
Dependent Children 424 66 358 60 320 380 6 38 44
TOTAL 3 854 1 878 1 976 1227 1448 2 675 651 528 1179
Active Cases 5 702 10 906
OldAge 31 064 15 196 15 868 9 992 10166 20158 5 204
Blind 1 070 688 382 333 208 541 355 174 529
Dependent Children 4 087 431 3 656 392 3 261 3 653 39 395 434
TOTAL 36 221 16 315 19906 10 717 13 635 24 352 5 598 6271 11 869
Applications approved in June for payment in July and cases temporarily suspended in June not included in this or subsequent tables in this section
STATE OF GEORGIA
85
STATISTICAL TABLE No II
ALL APPROVED CASES ALL ACTIVE CASES AND ALL CLOSED CASES FOR OLD AGE BLIND AND DEPENDENT CHILDREN AS OF JUNE 30 1938 BY LOCATION BY SEX
No of Oases TOTAL TOTAL RURAL URBAN
Male Female Rural Urban Male Female Male Female
All Approved Oases Old Age 34 443 16972 17471 24 948 9495 12 678 12270 4294 5201
Blind 1121 724 397 745 376 488 257 236 140
Dependent Children 4511 497 4 014 2 975 1 536 376 2 599 121 1415
TOTAL 40 075 18193 21 882 28 668 11407 13 542 15126 4 651 6 756
Closed Cases Old Age 3 379 1 776 1 603 2454 925 1 314 1140 462 463
Blind 51 36 15 38 13 27 11 9 4
Dependent Children 424 66 358 314 110 58 256 8 102
TOTAL 3854 1 878 1 976 2806 1048 1399 1407 479 569
Active Cases Old Age 31 064 15196 15 868 22 494 8 570 11 364 11130 3 832 4 738
Blind 1 070 688 382 707 363 461 246 227 136
Dependent Children 4087 431 3 656 2 661 1426 318 2343 113 1 313
TOTAL 36 221 16 315 19 906 25 862 10 359 12143 13 719 4172 6187
STATISTICAL TABLE No Ill
ALL APPROVED CASES ALL ACTIVE CASES AND ALL CLOSED CASES FOR OLD AGE BLIND AND DEPENDENT CHILDREN AS OF JUNE 30 1938 BY RACE BY LOCATION BY SEX
WHITE NEGRO
Rural Urban Rural Urban Rural Urban
Male Female Male Female Male F em al e Male Female
All Approved Cases Old age 24 948 9495 8 566 8270 2574 3015 4 112 4000 1720 2186
Blind 745 376 245 156 107 61 243 101 129 79
Dependent children 2 975 1 536 348 2 414 104 1167 28 185 17 248
Total 28 668 11 407 9159 10 840 2 785 4 243 4 383 4 286 1 866 2 513
Closed Cases 190 155
Old age 2 454 925 876 811 272 308 438 329
Blind 38 13 14 7 5 2 13 4 4 2
Dependent children 314 110 53 231 7 89 5 25 1 13
Total 2806 1048 943 1049 284 399 456 358 195 170
Active Cases 1 530 2 031
Old age 22 494 8 570 7 690 7 459 2 302 2 707 3 674 3 671
Blind 707 363 231 149 102 59 230 97 125 77
Dependent children 2 661 1426 295 2183 97 1 078 23 160 16 235
TOTAL 25 862 10 359 8 216 9 791 2 501 3 844 3 927 3 928 1 671 2 343
86
DEPARTMENT OP PUBLIC WELFARE
STATISTICAL TABLE No IV
ALL APPROVED CASES ALL ACTIVE CASES AND ALL CLOSED CASES FOR OLD AGE AND BLIND AS OF JUNE 30 1938 BY OCCUPATION AND LOCATION
Professional Technical Workers Proprietors Managers Officials Office Workers Salesmen Kindred Workers Skilled Workers Foremen Skilled Workers Foremen Manufacturing
Rural Urban Rural Urban Rural Urban Rural Urban Rural Urban Rural Urban
All Approved Cases
Old age 198 151 99 120 35 66 116 235 403 560 107 98
Blind 18 13 8 5 4 4 6 13 7 19 5 6
TOTAL 26 164 107 125 39 70 122 248 410 579 112 104
Closed Cases
Old age 17 15 9 19 0 4 8 9 27 44 8 7
Blind 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
TOTAL 18 15 9 19 1 4 8 9 27 44 9 7
Active Cases
Old age 181 136 90 101 35 62 108 226 376 516 99 91
Blind 17 13 8 5 3 4 6 13 7 19 4 6
TOTAL 198 149 98 106 38 66 114 239 383 535 103 97
Semi Skilled Work ers Bldg SemiSkilled Workers Mfg Unskilled Laborers Domestic and Personal Service Farm Laborers and Operators None and Unemploy able Worn en
Rural Urban Rural Urban Rural Urban Rural Urban Rural Urban Rural Urban Men
All Approved Cases
Old Age 19 20 494 880 ll 566 H 033 7 254 3 733 8 657 9 201 6000 i 398 4 379 3 019
Blind 2 8 32 33 65 53 89 88 175 27 334 107 168 273
TOTAL 21 28 526 913 1 631 1086 7343 3 821 8 832 1228 6334 1 505 4547 3 292
Closed Oases
Old Age 0 2 41 63 136 89 582 330 755 154 871 189 540 520
Blind 0 0 3 3 4 1 8 4 6 0 14 5 14 5
TOTAL 0 2 44 66 140 90 590 334 761 154 885 194 554 525
Active Cases
Old Age 19 18 453 817 9 430 944 6 672 3403 7 902 1047 5129 9 209 3 784 2 554
Blind 2 8 29 30 61 52 81 84 169 27 320 102 165 257
TOTAL 21 26 482 847 1491 996 6 753 3 487 8071 1074 5 449 1 311 3 949 2 811
STATE OF GEORGIA
87
STATISTICAL TABLE No V
ALL APPROVED CASES ALL ACTIVE CASES AND ALL CLOSED CASES FOR OLD AGE ASSISTANCE AS OF JUNE 30 1938 BY AGE BY LOCATION
65 TO 69 YEARS 70 TO 74 YEARS 75 TO 79 YEARS 80 TO 84 YEARS 85 TO 89 YEARS 90 TO 94 YEARS 95 TO 99 YEARS 100 YEARS Over
Rural Urban Rural Urban Rural Urban Rural Urban Rural Urban Rural Urban Rural Urban Rural Urban
All Approved Oases 6 672 2 933 7074 2 971 5 462 S 920 3 480 1068 1 618 448 417 105 134 27 91 23
Closed cases 471 198 532 239 578 207 463 155 254 88 99 27 37 9 20 2
Active Oases 6201 2 735 6 542 2 732 4884 1713 3 017 913 1 364 360 318 78 97 18 71 21
STATISTICAL TABLE No VI
ALL APPROVED CASES ALL ACTIVE CASES AND ALL CLOSED CASES FOR AID TO THE BLIND AND AID TO DEPENDENT CHILDREN AS OF JUNE 30 1938 BY AGE BY LOCATION
BELOW 20 YEARS 20 TO 29 YEARS 30 TO 39 YEARS 40 TO 49 YEARS 50 TO 59 YEARS 60 TO 69 YEARS 70 TO 79 YEARS 80 YEARS Over
Rural Urban 1 Rural Urban Rural Urban Rural Urban 03 if 1 Urban Rural Urban Rural 1 Urban 1 Rural I Urban 1
All Approved Cases Blind 0 0 73 44 116 66 131 70 199 83 170 82 40 25 16 6
Dependent children 17 5 435 200 1 061 569 876 461 382 205 159 82 45 14 0 0
TOTAL 17 5 508 244 1177 635 1 007 531 581 288 329 164 85 39 16 6
Closed Oases Blind 0 0 3 1 4 1 4 4 11 0 7 4 6 3 3 0
Dependent children 2 1 59 21 99 36 80 27 43 14 25 9 6 2 0 0
TOTAL 2 1 62 22 103 37 84 31 54 14 32 13 12 5 3 0
Active Cases Blind 0 0 70 43 112 65 127 66 188 83 163 78 34 22 13 6
Dependent children 16 4 376 179 962 533 798 434 339 191 134 73 36 12 0 0
TOTAL 16 4 446 222 1074 598 925 500 527 274 297 151 70 34 13 6
Age of parent or other person to whom payments were made
88
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
STATISTICAL TABLE No VII
ALL APPROVED CASES ALL ACTIVE CASES AND ALL CLOSED CASES FOR AID TO DEPENDENT CHILDREN AS OF JUNE 30 1938 BY NUMBER OF DEPENDENT CHILDREN IN GRANT
FAMILIES WITH 1 CHILD FAMILIES WITH 2 CHILDREN FAMILIES WITH 3 CHILDREN FAMILIES WITH 4 CHILDREN FAMILIES WITH 5 CHILDREN
Fam Child Fam Child Fam Child Fam Child Fam Child
All approved cases 1156 1156 1149 2 298 926 2 768 612 2 448 373 i 865
Closed cases 167 167 95 190 78 234 41 164 23 115
Active cases 989 989 1054 2108 848 2 544 571 2 284 350 1 750
FAMILIES WITH 6 CHILDREN FAMILIES WITH 7 CHILDREN FAMILIES WITH 8 CHILDREN FAMILIES WITH 9 CHILDREN FAMILIES WITH 10 CHILDREN
Fam Child Fam Child Fam Child Fam Child Fam Child
All approved cases 204 1 224 67 469 18 144 4 36 2 20
Closed cases 13 78 5 35 1 8 1 9 0 0
Active cases 191 1146 62 434 17 136 3 27 2 20
STATE OF GEORGIA
89
II
OLD AGE ASSISTANCE STATISTICS
More than fourfifths of the 106106 applications for Social Security assistance or 89738 were for old age assistance Of these 37074 were approved 7061 denied as ineligible 5808 disposed of for other reasons and 39795 awaiting consideration at the end of the fiscal year June 30 1938
Of the 37074 applications approved 3750 were closed during the fiscal year and 158 were temporarily suspended Of the approved cases 2486 were June approvals for July payments In June 1938 31084 cases received assistance
Of 34443 approved cases 22425 where white and 12018 negro As between males and females both white and negro cases were almost equally divided although in both races the greater figure was for females
From a standpoint of residence 24948 of these cases were in rural areas and 9494 in urban areas The 16836 rural white cases were three times greater than the 5589 urban white cases whereas the 8112 rural negro cases only slightly more than doubled the 3906 urban negro cases In both white and negro cases males outnumbered females in rural areas with the reverse true in urban areas
Over fourfifths of 34443 approved cases were accounted for by 10987 domestic and personal service workers 9858 farm laborers and operators numbered 2599 and semiskilled workers in manufacturing industries 1374
Of these 34443 cases nearly onehalf or 16709 were widowed In this group however females numbered 11086 as against 5623 males A breakdown of these cases by race shows that males and females were in about the same ratio for both white and negro cases There were 5131 recipients each living with spouse who also received a separate old age assistance grant These were almost equally divided as to male and female in both races On the other hand of the 4749 recipients living with spouse who was not also a recipient 4276 were male In 2425 cases 2008 of which were males the spouse was included in the grant In 1017 cases application for a separate old age assistance grant was pending Only 2690 cases were single with the greater proportion being females Separated cases numbered 1416 and spouses lived elsewhere in 110 more cases
The ages of these 34443 cases ranged from 65 to 100 years and over The greatest number 10045 was from 70 to 74 years with the next largest 9605 from 65 to 69 years The ages of 7382 were from 75 to 79 years and 6614 more were from 80 to 89 years
Since less than ten percent of the cases were closed the general characteristics of the active cases as of June 30 1938 varied little from those of all approved cases during the oneyear period
Of the 3379 closed cases 2296 or more than twothirds were closed because of death The next largest number 436 moved out of the district county or State Only 88 were closed because they were found to have been ineligible for the first grant Ninetythree were transferred to other sources of assistance and 16 were admitted to public institutions
90
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
STATISTICAL TABLE No VIII
ALL OLD AGE ASSISTANCE CASES APPROVED FROM JULY gj 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938 INCLUSIVE BY SEX RACE LOCATION OCCUPATION AND AGE
1 Number of Old Age Awards 34443 4 TOTAL NUMBER OF RURAL 24948
Male 16972 5 TOTAL NUMBER OR URBAN 9495
Female 17471 6 WHITE 22425
Number of Rural 16836
2 Number of White Awards 22425 Male 8566
Male 11140 Female 8270
Female 11285 Number of Urban 5589
Male 2574
3 Number of Negro Awards 12018 Female 3015
Male 5832 7 negro 12018
Female 6186 Number of Rural 8112
Male 4112
Female 4000
Number of Urban 3906
Male 1720
Female 2186
8 occupations RURAL URBAN TOTAL
1 Professional and Technical Workers 198 151 349
2 Proprietors Managers and Officials 99 120 219
3 Office Workers 35 66 101
4 Salesmen and Kindred Workers 116 235 351
5 Skilled Workers and Foremen 403 560 963
6 Skilled Workers and Foremen Mfg 107 98 205
7 SemiSkilled Workers Building 19 20 39
8 SemiSkilled Workers Mfg 494 880 1374
9 Unskilled Laborers 1566 1033 2599
10 Domestic and Personal Service 7254 3733 10987
11 Farm Laborers and Operators 8657 1201 9858
12 None and Unemployable 6000 1398 7398
TOTAL 24948 9495 34443
Line 12
WOMEN MEN TOTAL
4379 3019 7398
9 AGE RURAL URBAN TOTAL
1 65 to 69 Years 6672 2933 9605
2 70 to 74 Years 7074 2971 10045
3 75 to 79 Years 5462 1920 7382
4 80 to 84 Years 3480 1068 4548
5 85 to 89 Years 1618 448 2066
6 90 to 94 Years 417 105 522
7 95 to 99 Years 134 27 161
8 100 Years and Over 91 23 114
TOTAL 24948 9495 34443
STATE OF GEORGIA
91
STATISTICAL TABLE No IX
ALL OLD AGE ASSISTANCE CLOSED CASES AS OF JUNE 30 1938 BY SEX RACE LOCATION OCCUPATION AGE AND REASON FOR CLOSURE
H Number of Old Age Closures 3379 4 TOTAL NUMBER OF RURAL 2454
Male 1776 5 TOTAL NUMBER OR URBAN 925
Female 1603 6 white 2267
Number of Rural 1687
2 Number of White Closures 2267 Male 876
Male 1148 Female 811
Female 1119 Number of Urban 580
Male 272
3 Number of Negro Closures 1112 Female 308
Male 628 7 negro 1112
Female 484 Number of Rural 767
Male 438
Female 329
Number of Urban 345
Male 190
Female 155
8 occupations RURAL URBAN TOTAL
1 Professional Technical Workers 17 15 32
2 Proprietors Managers and Officials 9 19 28
3 Office Workers 0 4 4
4 Salesmen and Kindred Workers 8 9 17
5 Skilled Workers and Foremen 27 44 71
6 Skilled Workers and Foremen Mfg 8 7 15
7 SemiSkilled Workers Building 0 2 2
8 SemiSkilled Workers Mfg 41 63 104
9 Unskilled Laborers 136 89 225
10 Domestic and Personal Service 582 350 912
11 Farm Laborers and Operators 755 154 909
12 None and Unemployable 871 189 1060
TOTAL Line 12 women men 540 520 TOTAL 1060 2454 925 3379
age RURAL URBAN TOTAL
1 65 to 69 Years 471 198 669
2 70 to 74 Years 532 239 771
3 75 to 79 Years 578 207 785
4 80 to 84 Years 463 155 618
5 85 to 89 Years 254 88 342
6 90 to 94 Years 99 27 126
7 95 to 99 Years 37 9 46
8 100 Years and Over 20 2 22
TOTAL
2454
925
3379
92
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
STATISTICAL TABLE No IX Continued
ALL OLD AGE ASSISTANCE CLOSED CASES AS OF JUNE 30 1938 BY SEX RACE LOCATION OCCUPATION AGE AND REASON FOR CLOSURE
10 REASONS FOR CLOSING
1 Death 2296
2 Admitted to Public Institution 16
3 Admitted to Voluntary Institution 0
4 Vision Wholly or Partially Restored 0
5 Became SelfSupporting After Grant 87
6 Relatives Became Able to Support After Grant 56
7 Transferred to Other Sources of Assistance 93
8 Moved out of District County or State 436
9 Not Eligible for Original Grant 88
10 Refused to Comply with Property Requirements 26
11 Change of Payee 2
12 Other 279
TOTAL
3379
STATE OF GEORGIA
93
STATISTICAL TABLE No X
ALL OLD AGE ASSISTANCE ACTIVE CASES AS OF JUNE 30 1938 BY SEX RACE
LOCATION OCCUPATION AND AGE
1 Number of Old Age Awards 31064 4 TOTAL NUMBER OF RURAL 22494
Male 15196 5 TOTAL NUMBER OF URBAN 8570
Female 15868 6 WHITE 20158
Number of Rural 15149
2 Number of White Awards 20158 Male 7690
Male 9992 Female 7459
Female 10166 Number of Urban 5009
Male 2302
3 Number of Negro Awards 10906 Female 2707
Male 5204
Female 5702 7 negro 10906
Number of Rural 7345
Male 3674
Female 3671
Number of Urban 3561
Male 1530
Female 2031
8 occupations RURAL URBAN TOTAL
1 Professional and Technical Workers 181 136 317
2 Proprietors Managers and Officials 90 101 191
3 Office Workers 35 62 97
4 Salesmen and Kindred Workers 108 226 334
5 Skilled Workers and Foremen 376 516 892
6 Skilled Workers and Foremen Mfg 99 91 190
7 SemiSkilled Workers Building 19 18 37
8 SemiSkilled Workers Mfg 453 817 1270
9 Unskilled Laborers 1430 944 2374
10 Domestic and Personal Service 6672 3403 10075
11 Farm Laborers and Operators 7902 1047 8949
12 None and Unemployable 5129 1209 6338
TOTAL 22494 8570 31064
Line 12 women men TOTAL
3784 2554 6338
9 age RURAL URBAN TOTAL
1 65 to 69 Years 6201 2735 8936
2 70 to 74 Years 6542 2732 9274
3 75 to 79 Years 4884 1713 6597
4 80 to 84 Years 3017 913 3930
5 85 to 69 Years 1364 360 1724
6 90 to 94 Years 318 78 396
7 95 to 99 Years 97 18 115
8 100 Years and Over 71 21 92
TOTAL X 22494 8570 31064
94
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
STATISTICAL TABLE No XI
ALL OLD AGE ASSISTANCE RECIPIENTS AS OF JUNE 30 1938 BY MARITAL STATUS
MARITAL STATUS WHITE
Male Fem Total
1 Single 631 1436 2 067
2 Widowed 3 546 6 661 10 207
3 Divorced or legally sep
arated 97 70 167
4 Separated 412 309 721
5 Living with Spouse who
does not receive 0 A A 2 750 354 3104
6 Living with Spouse who
receives a separate
grant of 0 A A 1 791 1 952 3743
7 Living with Spouse whose
assistance is to be in
eluded in this grant 1407 265 1 672
8 Living with Spouse whose
application for a sepa
rate grant of O A A is
pending 456 214 670
9 Spouse elsewhere 50 24 74
TOTAL 140 11 285 22 425
NEGRO TOTAL
Male Fem Total Male Fem Total
226 397 623 857 1 833 2 690
2 077 4425 6502 5 623 11 086 16 709
16 13 29 113 83 196
458 237 695 870 546 1416
1526 119 1 645 4 276 473 4749
674 714 1 388 2 465 2 666 5131
601 152 753 2008 417 2425
225 122 347 681 336 1017
29 7 36 79 31 110
5832 6 186 12 018 16 972 17 471 34 443
STATE OF GEORGIA
95
III
BLIND AID STATISTICS
The smallest number of applications 2644 was for aid to the needy blind Of these 1197 were approved 185 denied as ineligible and 239 disposed of for other reasons No action was taken on 1023 applications but these were carried forward to the new fiscal year beginning July 1 1938 for consideration Only 54 of the 1197 approved cases received no assistance but these approvals were during June 1938 for awards in July Active cases as of June 1938 were 1054 since only 68 of the approved cases were closed during the year and 21 temporarily suspended during June
Approved aid to the blind cases between July 1 1937 and June 30 1938 numbered 1121 White cases were 569 and negro cases 552 The 352 white male cases were slightly more than one and onehalf times the 217 white female cases and the 372 negro male cases were more than twice the 180 negro female cases Although rural cases were nearly twothirds of the aid to blind cases the proportion of urban cases was greater among aid to blind cases than among old age assistance
Of the 1121 approved aid to the blind cases 441 had no vocation or were unemployable Farm labors and operators were 202 domestic and personal service workers 177 unskilled laborers 118 and semiskilled workers in manufacturing industries 65
Of these cases 407 were married and 340 were single Widowed were 212 separated 150 and divorced or legally separated 12 Separations were much higher among the negro cases than among white cases
The largest number 252 ranged from 50 to 59 years old 252 were from 60 to 69 years 201 from 40 to 49 years 182 from 30 to 39 years and 117 from 20 to 29 years
STATISTICAL TABLE No XII
ALL AID TO THE NEEDY BLIND CASES APPROVED FROM JULY 1 1937 THROUGH JUNE 30 1938 BY SEX RACE LOCATION OCCUPATION AND AGE
1 Number of Blind Awards 1121
Male 724
Female 397
2 Number of White Awards 569
Male 352
Female 217
3 Number of Negro Awards 552
Male 372
Female 180
4 TOTAL NUMBER OF RURAL 745
5 TOTAL NUMBER OF URBAN 376
6 white 569
Number of Rural 401
Male 245
Female 156
Number of Urban 168
Male 107
Female 61
7 negro 552
Number of Rural 344
Male 243
Female 101
Number of Urban 208
Male 129
Female 79
96
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
STATISTICAL TABLE No XII
ALL AID TO THE NEEDY BLIND CASES APPROVED FROM JULY 1 1937 THROUGH JUNE 30 1938 BY SEX RACE LOCATION OCCUPATION AND AGE
8 occupations RURAL URBAN TOTAL
1 Professional and Technical Workers 18 13 31
2 Proprietors Managers and Officials 8 5 13
3 Office Workers 4 4 8
4 Salesmen and Kindred Workers 6 13 19
5 Skilled Workers and Foremen 7 19 26
6 Skilled Workers and Foremen Mfg 5 6 11
7 SemiSkilled Workers Building 2 8 10
8 SemiSkilled Workers Mfg 32 33 65
9 Unskilled Laborers 65 53 118
10 Domestic and Personal Service 89 88 177
11 Farm Laborers and Operators 175 27 202
12 None and Unemployable 334 107 441
TOTAL 745 376 1121
Line 12
WOMEN MEN TOTAL
168 273 441
age RURAL URBAN TOTAL
1 Below 20 Years 0 0 0
2 20 to 29 Years 73 44 117
3 30 to 39 Years 116 66 182
4 40 to 49 Years 131 70 201
5 50 to 59 Years 199 83 282
6 60 to 69 Years 170 82 252
7 70 to 79 Years 40 25 65
8 80 Years and Over 16 6 22
TOTAL 745 376 1121
STATE OF GEORGIA
97
STATISTICAL TABLE No XIII
ALL AID TO THE NEEDY BLIND ACTIVE CASES AS OF JUNE 30 1938 BY SEX RACE
LOCATION OCCUPATION AND AGE
1 Number of Blind Awards 1070 4 TOTAL NUMBER OF RURAL 707
Male 688 5 TOTAL NUMBER OF URBAN 363
Female 382 6 white 541
Number of Rural 380
2 Number of White Awards 541 Male 231
Male 333 Female 149
Female 208 Number of Urban 161
Male 102
3 Number of Negro Awards 529 Female 59
Male 355 7 Negro 529
Female 174 Number or Rural 327
Male 230
Female 97
Number of Urban 202
Male 125
Female 77
8 occupations RURAL URBAN TOTAL
1 Professional and Technical Workers 17 13 30
2 Proprietors Managers and Officials 8 5 13
3 Office Workers 4 7
4 Salesmen and Kindred Workers 6 13 19
5 Skilled Workers and Foremen 7 19 26
6 Skilled Workers and Foremen Mfg 4 6 10
7 SemiSkilled Workers Building 2 8 10
8 SemiSkilled Workers Mfg 29 30 59
9 Unskilled Laborers 52 113
10 Domestic and Personal Service 81 84 165
11 Farm Laborers and Operators 169 27 196
12 None and Unemployable 102 422
TOTAL 707 363 1070
Line 12 women men total
165 257 422
9 age RURAL URBAN TOTAL
1 Below 20 Years 0 o
2 20 to 29 Years 43 113
3 30 to 39 Years 112 65 177
4 40 to 49 Years 66 193
5 50 to 59 Years 188 83 271
6 60 to 69 Years 163 78 241
7 70 to 79 Years 22 56
8 80 and Over 6 19
TOTAL 707 363 1070
98
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
STATISTICAL TABLE No XIV
ALL AID TO THE NEEDY BLIND CLOSED CASES AS OF JUNE 30 1938 BY SEX LOCATION OCCUPATION AGE AND REASON FOR CLOSING RACE
1 Number of Blind Closures 51 4 TOTAL NUMBER OF RURAL 38
Male 36 5 TOTAL NUMBER OR URBAN 13
Female 15 6 white 28
Number of Rural 21
2 Number of White Closures 28 Male 14
Male 19 Female 7
Female 9 Number of Urban 7
Male 5
3 Number of Negro Closures 23 Female 2
Male 17
Female 6 7 negro 23
Number of Rural 17
Male 13
Female 4
Number or Urban 6
Male 4
Female 2
8 occupations RURAL URBAN TOTAL
ij Professional and Technical Workers 1 0 1
2 Proprietors Managers and Officials 0 0 0
3 Office Workers 1 0 1
4 Salesmen and Kindred Workers 0 0 0
5 Skilled Workers and Foremen 0 0 0
6 Skilled Workers and Foremen Mfg 1 0 1
7 SemiSkilled Workers Building 0 0 0
8 SemiSkilled Workers Mfg 3 6
9 Unskilled Laborers 4 1 5
10 Domestic and Personal Service 8 4 12
11 Farm Laborers and Operators 6 0 6
12 None and Unemployable 14 5 19
TOTAL 38 13 51
9 age RURAL UJIBAN TOTAL
1 Below 20 Years 0 0 0
2 20 to 29 Years 3 1 4
3 30 to 39 Years 4 1 5
4 40 to 49 Years 4 4 8
5 50 to 59 Years 11 0 11
6 60 to 69 Years 7 4 11
7 70 to 79 Years 6 3 9
8 80 Years and Over 3 0 3
TOTAL 38 13 51
STATE OF GEORGIA
STATISTICAL TABLE No XIV Continued
ALL AID TO THE NEEDY BLIND CLOSED CASES AS OF JUNE 30 1938 BY SEX RACE LOCATION OCCUPATION AGE AND REASON FOR CLOSING
10 REASONS FOR CLOSING
1 Death 22
2 Admitted to Public Institution 1
3 Admitted to Voluntary Institution 0
4 Vision Wholly or Partially Restored o
5 Became SelfSupporting After Grant for reasons other than
Restoration of Sight 0
6 Relatives became able to Support after Grant 3
7 Transferred to Other Sources of Assistance 1
8 Moved out of District County or State 5
9 Not eligible for Original Grant 14
10 Refused to Comply with Property Requirements 1
11 Change of Payee n
12 Other 4
TOTAL 51
Line 12
MEN WOMEN TOTAL
14 5 19
STATISTICAL TABLE No XV
ALL RECIPIENTS OF AID TO THE NEEDY BLIND AS OF JUNE 30 1938
BY MARITAL STATUS
MARITAL STATUS WHITE NEGRO TOTAL gdUny
Male Fem Total Male Female Total Male Female Total
1 Single 123 100 223 67 50 117 190 150 340
2 Widowed 3 Divorced or legally sepa 24 52 76 66 70 136 90 122 212
rated 4 4 8 3 1 4 7 5 12
4 Separated 20 11 31 85 34 119 105 45 150
5 Married 181 50 231 151 25 176 332 75 407
TOTAL 352 217 569 372 180 552 724 397 1121
100
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
IV
STATISTICS ON DEPENDENT CHILDREN
In the 106106 applications for special assistance 13724 were for aid to dependent children Of these 4854 were approved 1215 were denied as ineligible and 876 were disposed of for other reasons The remainder 6779 were carried forward at the end of the fiscal year for consideration in the new fiscal year beginning July 1 1938 Of the 4854 approved applications 511 were closed during the year 22 were temporarily suspended and 310 were approved in June 1938 for first payment in July
During the year approvals for awards were made to 4511 families in which were 12428 dependent children Of the total cases 4033 were white and 478 were negro In less than thirteen percent of the cases parents or guardians of the 12428 dependent children were males Rural cases numbered 2975 and urban cases 1536 But the 8312 rural children were more than twice the 4116 urban children It is also noted that while the number of white rural cases was more than twice the number of white urban cases the number of negro urban cases exceeded the number of negro rural cases by a substantial margin Families with one and two children were more than 50 per cent of the total 4511 But the greatest number of children were in the families of three children each More than fivesixths of the 12428 children were in families of from one to five children each
In 2059 of the 4511 family cases of aid to dependent children the father was dead and the children were living with their mother In the next largest number of cases 885 both parents were with the children There were only 801 cases in which children were with the mother as a result of the father deserting divorce legal separation illegal separation father in institution or elsewhere In only 98 cases were children with their father and not their mother and in 73 of these the mother was dead in twelve more the children had a stepmother In 334 cases children were with relatives within the second degree and in 194 cases with more distant relatives In only five cases were children living with unrelated persons
In about 40 per cent of the cases the ages of parents or guardians of the children were between 30 and 50 years with the greater number between 30 and 40 years The ages of the 12428 children themselves ranged from one to seventeen years The largest number was the thirteen year old group of 1061 The next largest groups were as follows 11 years 1030 14 years 1026 12 years 970 10 year 924 15 years 917 and 9 years 880 Oneyearold children numbered 318 and seventeenyearold children 78
Five hundred and eleven cases 113 per cent of the total approved were closed during the twelve months Of these 118 were closed because relatives had become able to support the children In fortyeight cases the children reached the maximum age limit and 48 cases moved out of a county or district into another county or district within the State Fortytwo cases were found to have been ineligible for the original grant and 23 were transferred to another form of assistance Deaths of dependent children accounted for 21 case closures Eighteen cases moved out of the State
As of June 30 1938 active dependent children numbered 4087 families and 11428 children Of these cases 3653 were white and 434 negro
STATE OF GEORGIA
101
STATISTICAL TABLE No XVI
ALL AID TO DEPENDENT CHILDREN CASES APPROVED FROM JULY 1 1937 THROUGH JUNE 30 1938 BY SEX OF RECIPIENT RACE LOCATION NUMBER OF CHILDREN IN FAMILY AND AGE OF RECIPIENT
Number of Awards for Aid to 4 TOTAL NUMBER OF RURAL AWARDS 2975
Dependent Children 4511 Number of Children Repre
Male 497 sented in Above 8312
Female 4014 5 TOTAL NUMBER OF URBAN AWARDS 1536
Number of Children Represented Number of Children Repre
in Above 12428 sented in Above 4116
Number of White Awards 4033 6 white 4033
Male 452 Number of Rural 2762
Female 3581 Male 348
Female 2414
Number of Negro Awards 478 Number of Urban 1271
Male 45 Male 104
Female 433 Female 1167
7 negro 478
Number of Rural 213
Male 28
Female 185
Number of Urban 265
Male 17
Female 248
8 NO OF RURAL URBAN TOTAL
CHILDREN
IN GRANT NO FAM NO CHILD NO FAM NO CHILD NO FAM NO CHILD
1 745 745 411 411 1156 1156
2 745 1490 404 808 1149 2298
3 614 1832 312 936 926 2768
4 411 1644 201 804 612 2448
5 253 1265 120 600 373 1865
6 138 828 66 396 204 1224
7 50 350 17 119 67 469
8 14 112 4 32 18 144
9 4 36 0 0 4 36
10 1 10 1 10 2 20
TOTAL 2975 8312 1536 4116 4511 12428
9 AGE OF recipient RURAL URBAN TOTAL
1 Below 20 Years 17 5 22
2 20 to 29 Years 435 200 635
3 30 to 39 Years 1061 569 1630
4 40 to 49 Years 876 461 1337
5 50 to 59 Years 382 205 587
6 60 to 69 Years 159 82 241
7 70 and Over 45 14 59
TOTAL 2975 1536 4511
102
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
STATISTICAL TABLE No XVII
AID TO DEPENDENT CHILDREN ACTIVE CASES AS OF JUNE 30 1938 BY SEX OF RECIPIENT RACE LOCATION NUMBER OF CHILDREN IN FAMILY
AND AGE OF RECIPIENT
1 Number of Awards for Aid to 4 TOTAL NUMBER OF RURAL AWARDS 2661
Dependent Children 4087 Number of Children Repre
Male 431 sented in Above 7555
Female 3656 5 TOTAL NUMBER OF URBAN AWARDS 1426
Number of Children Repre Number of Children Repre
sented in Above 11428 sented in Above 3873
6 white 3653
2 Number of White Awards 3653 Number of Rural 2478
Male 392 Male 295
Female 3261 Female 2183
Number of Urban 1175
3 Number of Negro Awards 434 Male 97
Male 39 Female 1078
Female 395 7 negro 434
Number of Rural 183
Male 23
Female 160
Number of Urban 251
Male 16
Female 235
8 NO OF RURAL URBAN TOTAL
CHILDREN

IN GRANT NO FAM NO CHILD NO FAM NO CHILD NO FAM NO CHILD
1 630 630 359 359 989 989
2 670 1340 384 768 1054 2108
3 554 1652 294 882 848 2534
4 379 1516 192 768 571 2284
5 236 1180 114 570 350 1750
6 129 774 62 372 191 1146
7 46 322 16 112 62 434
8 13 104 4 32 17 136
9 3 27 0 0 3 27
10 1 10 1 10 2 20
TOTAL 2661 7555 1426 3873 4087 11428
9 AGE OF RECIPIENT RURAL URBAN TOTAL
1 Below 20 Years 16 4 20
2 20 to 29 Years 376 179 555
3 30 to 39 Years 962 533 1495
4 40 to 49 Years 798 434 1232
5 50 to 59 Years 339 191 530
6 60 to 69 Years 134 73 207
7 70 and Over 36 12 48
TOTAL 2661 14264087
Parent or guardian to whom award paid
STATE OF GEORGIA
103
STATISTICAL TABLE No XVIII
ALL AID TO DEPENDENT CHILDREN CLOSED CASES AS OF JUNE 30 1938 BY SEX OF RECIPIENT RACE LOCATION NUMBER OF CHILDREN IN FAMILY AGE OF RECIPIENT AND REASON FOR CLOSING
1 Number of Aid to Dependent
Children Closures 424
Male 66
Female 358
Number of Children Represented in Above 1000
2 Number of White Closures 380
Male 60
Female 320
3 Number of Negro Closures 44
Male 6
Female 38
4 TOTAL NUMBER OF RURAL
closures 314
Number of Children Represented in Above 757
5 TOTAL NUMBER OF URBAN
closures 110
Number of Children Represented in Above 243
6 white 380
Number of Rural 284
Male 53
Female 231
Number of Urban 96
Male 7
Female 89
7 negro 44
Number of Rural 30
Male 5
Female 25
Number of Urban 14
Male 1
Female 13
8 NO OF RURAL URBAN TOTAL
CHILDREN
IN GRANT NO FAM NO CHILD NO FAM NO CHILD NO FAM NO CHILD
1 115 115 52 52 167 167
2 75 150 20 40 95 190
3 60 180 18 54 78 234
4 32 128 9 36 41 164
5 17 85 6 30 23 115
6 9 54 4 24 13 78
7 4 28 1 7 5 35
8 1 8 0 0 1 8
9 1 9 0 0 1 9
10 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL 314 757 110 243 424 1000
104
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
STATISTICAL TABLE No XVIII Continued
ALL AID TO DEPENDENT CHILDREN CLOSED CASES AS OF JUNE 30 1938 BY SEX OF RECIPIENT RACE LOCATION NUMBER OF CHILDREN IN FAMILY AGE OF RECIPIENT AND REASON FOR CLOSING
AGE OF recipient RURAL URBAN TOTAL
1 Below 20 Years 2 1 3
2 20 to 29 Years 59 21 80
3 30 to 39 Years 99 36 135
4 40 to 49 Years 80 27 107
5 50 to 59 Years 43 14 57
6 60 to 69 Years 25 9 34
7 70 and Over 6 2 8
TOTAL 314 110 424
10 REASONS FOR CLOSING
1 Child reached maximum age under State Law 48
2 Death of dependent child 21
3 Dependent child or children admitted to institution 1
4 Transferred to another form of assistance 23
5 Relatives became able to support 118
6 Moved out of county or district to another county or district within State 48
7 Moved out of county or district to another State 18
8 Not eligible for original grant 42
9 Change of payee 23
10 Other 81
11 Two or more reasons 1
TOTAL
424
STATE OF GEORGIA
105
STATISTICAL TABLE No XIX
THE FIRST CHILD IN EACH AID TO DEPENDENT CHILDREN CASE APPROVED FROM JULY 1 1937 THROUGH JUNE 30 1938 BY THE WHEREABOUTS OF THE CHILD AND THE WHEREABOUTS OR MARITAL STATUS OF THE CHILDS
PARENTS
CHILD LIVING AT HOME WHITE NEGRO TOTAL
1 With both parents 812 73 885
2 With mother and stepfather 50 3 53
3 With father and stepmother 9 3 12
4 With mother mother unmarried 65 17 82
5 With mother father dead 1870 189 2059
6 With mother father deserting 309 45 354
7 With mother father divorced 106 0 106
8 With mother father legally separated 20 0 20
9 With mother father separated without court decree 72 7 79
10 With mother father in institution 184 7 191
11 With mother father elsewhere 43 8 51
12 With father mother dead 65 8 73
13 With father mother deserting 4 0 4
14 With father mother divorced 2 0 2
15 With father mother legally separated 0 0 0
16 With father mother separated without court decree 3 0 3
17 With father mother in institution 2 0 2
18 With father mother elsewhere 1 1 2
CHILD LIVING ELSEWHERE 19 With relatives within second degree brothers sisters or grandparents 256 78 334
20 With more distant relatives 155 39 194
21 With unrelated persons 5 0 5
TOTAL
4033
478
4511
106
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
STATISTICAL TABLE No XX
INDIVIDUAL CHILDREN APPROVED FOR AID TO DEPENDENT CHILDREN AS
OF JUNE 30 1938 BY AGE AND BY SEX
AGE MALE FEMALE TOTAL
1 Year 150 168 318
2 Years 227 178 405
3 Years 272 262 534
4 Years 313 315 628
5 Years 324 271 595
6 Years 400 390 790
7 Years j 405 409 814
s Years 357 427 784
9 Years 443 437 880
10 Years 465 459 924
11 Years 498 532 1030
BIMMI 461 509 970
13 Years 487 574 1061
14 Years 485 541 1026
15 Years 400 517 917
16 Years 336 338 674
17 Years 43 35 78
TOTAL
6066
6362
12428
Miss Frances Steele Director Child Welfare Division
I
EXPANSION OF SERVICE
Despite effoits of the old Department of Public Welfare preceding the present Department the field of child welfare work in rural areas of the State was one of the most neglected phases of all social work Concentrated attention has been given to this problem during the past year and a half and a system reaching the entire State has been evolved
The primary motive power for this work was the provision of the Federal Social Secruity Act offering special funds for rural child welfare services it appearing that Georgia was not alone among the States in having an insufficient method of reaching delinquent dependent and neglected children in the rural sections
Together with this spur the Welfare Reorganization Act of 1937 increased powers of the new State Department of Public Welfare for dealing with the problems of child welfare and widely broadened the field of possible direction and supervision of a comprehensive system
The same act by creating a welfare department in each county of the State provided an agency in every part of Georgia through which child welfare services could be expanded and extended and opened the way in most of the counties for the first official efforts toward providing child welfare services
As was pointed out in Part I of this report the old Department of Public Welfare acted as a cooperative organization with other agencies attempting to administer child welfare services but in the vast majority of the 159 counties found no agency through which it could offer any service at all
The special Federal funds made it possible for the Child Welfare Division of the new State Department to establish a number of district offices through which to offer a consultation service to County Welfare Directors and likewise made it possible for the establishment of ten demonstration areas In these demonstration areas the County Welfare Department is given the services of a child welfare worker for direction of an intensive program While it is true that practically all counties could advantageously utilize the services of such a worker the available funds necessitated the demonstration system through which it is planned that those counties now being served eventually will provide from their own funds for a child welfare worker allowing the State Department to use the Federal funds for carrying the demonstration to another county
The evolution of a statewide program under which every county will have a child welfare worker attached regularly to the County Department obviously will require a long number of years unless additional funds either Federal or State are made available to hasten the process
This is not to say however that child welfare services are not available in varying degrees to all counties In the five larger counties of the State having the largest urban centers these services have been available for a number of years through local provisions In addition the State Department has provided for nine district Child Welfare Consultants or supervisors
One consultant is located in each of the congressional districts of the State with the exception of the Fifth District which is largely urban and thus excluded from participation in the Federal funds
These consultants work directly with the Welfare Directors of the counties in their districts offering every special service available in any of the demonstration areas though naturally in a less intensive degree A State Supervisor of Child Welfare Services from the State Department coordinates and supervises the work of these District Consultants
no
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
In addition to this better organization for the aid of children the State Department has been equipped more sufficiently with supervisory and administrative powers and has been able to inaugurate many services never before available in the State
Besides the better facilities for expanded general child welfare services given by the Welfare Reorganization Act of 1937 this same act and other pieces of legislation in 1937 made possible numerous other changes
Ser vices to Crippled Children The State participated not at all in any special services to crippled children prior to 1937 Legislative acts and appropriations made possible the beginning of such a program in April 1938 in cooperation with the Federal Social Security Act A survey of crippled children in 1936 showed over 7000 needing this special service A full report of the crippled childrens program is given in Part VI of this report
Child Placing and Foster Home Care In by far the largest part of the State there was no supervision nor any planned system of adoptions and placing of children in foster care homes and there was no adequate system nor adequate law for preventing illegal and improper adoptions promiscuous and illadvised placements of children in free homes and work homes the bringing of children into Georgia without legal safeguards for their care and support the disregard of the bonding law by individuals and no way of establishing or enforcing standards for child placing
There is now in the Child Welfare Division a special section to deal with all problems of foster care and adoption with authority to license all childplacing agencies including County Welfare Departments engaging in this work and with authority to enforce minimum standards for foster care homes The Division is cooperating in a movement for more adequate state adoption laws a better interstate adoption policy and more stringent bonding regulations for those accepting the care of children
Childrens Institutions With more than 2700 children in private institutions in the State the Old Department of Public Welfare had little control over them The Department in 1919 was given authority to license institutions desiring to begin operation but had no way of touching institutions already in operation It was charged with inspecting all institutions but could only recommend improvements and a practically impossible way of bringing poorly managed institutions up to standard The inspection service thus was mainly superficial and especially in view of a limited personnel There was no standard system of registration with the State Department for children in institutions and there was no standard of minimum qualifications of operation that childrens institutions had to meet
The Reorganization Act empowered the Department to license all childrens institutions whether new or old annually and to enforce minimum standards The minimum standards were evolved by officials of the Department and superintendents of most of the institutions and can be enforced rigidly under the new law The personnel for institution inspection was increased and every institution was inspected at least once and a large percent of them twice during the past year A complete registration system has been established and is maintained in the State office for assistance in planning supervision of the institutions
Jails The new Department inherited from the old the duty of inspecting jails throughout the State the primary purpose of inspection under the old Department being to determine the number of juveniles held in prisons The jail reports of 1936 showed 916 such cases
The Child Welfare Division has maintained this inspection with a view not only of aiding children incarcerated but of improving the physical conditions of any jails not up to standard in safety sanitation and other facilities An intensive campaign not only to remove children from jails but to make other provisions for juveniles immediately after their conviction of crime and prevent them from being jailed
STATE OF GEORGIA
111
Almshouses Inspection of almshouses was inherited by the new State Department in the same way as inspection of jails Reports for 1936 showed 65 children living in almshouses frequently with diseased parents Special efforts of the Child Welfare Division in the past year reduced this number to 24 and every exertion is being made to reduce the number to zero
State Training Schools Both the State Training School for Boys and the State Training School for Girls institutions for delinquents were heavily overcrowded and were being forced to accept children between the ages of six and twelve years
By cooperation with the superintendents of the two Training Schools the Child Welfare Division has been able in the case of most commitments of children twelve years of age and younger to make other arrangements for care of the children and to prevent their having to be confined to institutions with children ranging to 18 years of age
There is no institution in the State for delinquent negro girls A building has been provided in Bibb County for the beginning of such an institution and the Child Welfare Division is attempting to get a special legislative appropriation for its operation and maintenance
A further service planned for the Training Schools in conjunction with general juvenile probation work is the provision of precommitment social investigations of each case and the carrying on of a systematic system of parole through the district consultants and county directors after the children are released from the institutions The precommitment investigations will be reported to trial judges and the child welfare workers will consult with judges on particular problems confronting them The attitude of the judges of the Stateincluding Superior and City Court judges as well as Juvenile Court judgesindicates that they will cooperate in every way in promoting a better system of dealing with juvenile delinquency through social agencies rather than through institutions The institutions are of insufficient size to handle the entire caseload even if institutional care were decided upon as the best course
Training School for Mental Defectives The Child Welfare division assisted the Mental Defective School at Gracewood in clearing a waiting list which in 1937 held applications dated as far back as 1929 There still remains a long waiting list at the Institution and the Division is attempting to help the Institution select the cases most in need of training and most capable of being benefited by the training The Division also is cooperating with the Institution in planning for the expansion of facilities under a building program explained in detail in Part VIII of this report As with the other State institutions dealing with children the Division is offering precommitment investigations and guidance for discharged students
Juvenile Probation Under the old system special juvenile probation officers were provided in only a few counties maintaining juvenile courts and delinquents in the vast majority of counties were dealt with through Superior of City Courts in most instances without probation officers The present laws limit juvenile probation work to children 16 years of age and under but the Division is seeking a raising of the maximum age to 18
Special juvenile probation work is provided in the 10 demonstration counties at present with every county having facilities for beginning this work Under the Welfare Reorganization Act the County Welfare Department can be designated as the proper probation agency to take supervision of children from courts and many of the counties have taken advantage of this provision Here again the attitude of the judges of the State and their reluctance to deal with juveniles in the same manner as with adults points to a great expansion of probation work through County Welfare Departments
A statewide system of reporting on standard forms by juvenile courts has been installed and practically all of the juvenile courts have on efforts of the State Department started the competitive examination system of selecting probation officers and other court attaches
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
112
General Improvements Aside from the forward steps made possible by the Welfare Acts many other progressive moves have been made by the State in the past year and a half The State Department of Education has been enabled to carry on a wider program of vocational rehabilitation under the Social Security Act through legislation to cooperate with the Federal government the same holds true and special maternal and child welfare services available from the Social Security Act through the State Department of Public Health a sterilization law to prevent the criminally inclined or the insane from giving birth to children has been passed but is being put into effect very gradually
Continued needs of the Child Welfare Division in the field of its work include a better State adoption law a better bastardy law for the establishment of paternity a raise in the juvenile court maximum age from 16 to 18 more adequate nonsupport and desertion laws and a change in the antiquated bonding out law
Several agencies of the State particularly interested in child welfare problems have joined with the Child Welfare Division in the drafting of laws to fill these needs and will have them ready for presentation to members of the 1939 General Assembly when it meets in January
Special attention is being given to the problem of caring for epileptics there being no facilities in the State at present
The following table shows the number of children of special types in the State falling under the jurisdiction of the Child Welfare Division either directly or indirectly during the 19371938 fiscal period the number including those to whom the Division could render some standard service
Child Welfare Services through Federal Funds 2 885
Children served by Division of Crippled Children State and Federal funds 7557
Children in Institutions for Dependent Children 1 928
Children in Institutions for Delinquent Children 1 428
Children in Institutions for Handicapped Children 2778
Children in Day Nurseries 345
Children with Child Caring Agencies 1 456
Children in Almshouses 24
Children in County Jails 1 027
Children given care by Juvenile Courts 4191
23619
STATE OF GEORGIA
113
II
CHILD WELFARE SERVICES
Any system of child welfare services is difficult to report in terms of dollars and cents or in statistics on the number of cases served The results of the work come not immediately but in the space of years when the children rendered some service attain their maturity and reach either success or failure in their lives
Despite its triteness the statement must be repeated here that the material gains of child welfare services are shown in the savings effected by preventing children from growing into criminals and having to be supported in public jails or by preventing them from growing into a state of everlasting dependency and having to be supported by public charity or by turning their careers from the borderline of uselessness into a channel of usefulness to their fellow men
The nonmaterial gains are even more intangible to show in figures They are measured in terms of happiness of the individuals in terms of emotional stability in terms of comforts They are measured through the tortures both mental and physical they keep from being brought to dependent children neglected by uncaring parents or uninterested relatives
None of these standards can be reduced to a set of statistics and none of these results can be recorded in a tangible way The value of any child welfare service must rest in the humanitarianism of those who guide it in the principles which they follow and in the aims which they strive to achieve A statistical chart might show 10000 cases cleared through the agency but this chart will not show whether the agency had that necessary drop of the milk of human kindness to lift the child to the physical and mental level conducive to success and happiness in some undertaking no matter how humble
Statistical tables will be shown in this report but more important will be the showing of the desire of the State Department of Public Welfare through its Child Welfare Division that the dependent and neglected children of the State be given something to compensate for for their lack of parental care and love for their lack of economic security and to see to it that contorted childhood concepts of the underprivileged do not grow with the years into definite emotional or physical handicaps and progress into contorted lives of misery and unhappiness
In assuming this obligation the State Department has not rushed headlong into setting up an organization as speedily as possible for the sole purpose of having a heavy statistical report Progress has been much slower than with other phases of the welfare program dealing with rather concrete problems But in Child Welfare work the selection of one wrong person could have done more harm than the rest of the system could have overcomeThe rushing of work at too fast a pace could have caused the overlooking of many opportunities where just a pause of patience would have done immeasurable good There had to be a casting about for personnel trained and tested with that quality first of all of gaining confidence of children and next of knowing what to do with that confidence once it was gained
For this reason and for the additional reason that the task facing the Division in setting up a competent organization to meet needs of the State was so large the Child Welfare Division did not plan to meet its full pace of operation untl August 1938 when several administrative changes were scheduled to be made in order to broaden the scope of the work and to set up a division entirely divorced from any services for adults
Due to the fact that the part of the Social Security Act allocating funds to the Childrens Bureau of the U S Department of Labor limited the 1500000 annual fund to services for children in rural areas Georgia received a large share of the money The States annual share of 4687653
114
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
is exceeded only by North Carolina Texas New York Ohio and Pennsylvania the division between the States being on the basis of rural population The money is augmented by appropriations to the State Department and by expenditures of counties
The fund first became available in 1936 a prorata part being available for the last quarter of that year However the organization of an enlarged child welfare service program was not started until January 1 1937 and was not given heavy impetus until the State Department of Public Welfare organized by the 1937 legislature started full operation on July 1 1937 The Federal fund is usable only for administrative costs funds for other purposes having to come from the State or the counties
The immediate goal of the Child Welfare Division in January 1937 was to give facilities for a statewide service through a child welfare consultant in each of the 10 Congressional Districts with exception of the urban Fifth Atlanta and at least one demonstration unitin each of the same districts The year was started with four child welfare workers attempting to serve the entire State In April 1937 this number was increased to six with three of them concentrating on services in three demonstration areas Glynn Bulloch and Emanuel Counties July 1 1937 the number of consultants was increased to six in addition to the establishment of demonstration areas in four more countiesDougherty Coweta Spalding and Whitfield As of July 1 1938 the full nine District Consultants were at work with the following counties having special workers Coweta Spalding Emanuel Bulloch Sumter Dougherty Monroe Walton Habersham and Whitfield
A further change in the administrative organization of the Division was due for August 1 1938 when all functions connected with adult institutions and adult probation were to be turned over to a new divisionthe Division of Adult Services The placing of the inspection of jails and almshouses and of all institutions under the Child Welfare Division naturally carried it into adult problems Likewise being the sole division of the Department dealing with probation problems it again struck adult activities
With these changes the Division for children will enter its fullest stage of operation on August 1 1938 and then will be able to render more concentrated services for children Particular attention will be devoted to adoptions foster care and child placing to juvenile probation through courts and corrective institutions to the care of children in private institutions to children presenting special problems to the removal of children from jails and almshouses and to an intake service for eleemosynary institutions for children
This is not to say that this same type of work was not conducted in the past year and a half but the gradual growth of the organization kept activities from being as intensive as they will be in the future The number of children served during the past year by months is as follows
July 1937 539 January 1938 1264
August 693 February 970
September 853 March 1106
October 1035 April 1174
November May 1256
December 1257 June 1544
Total11284
Unduplicated 2600
The drop in February was due to a temporary change in policy when a plan was attempted whereby a more intensive type of service would be given in each case representing special problems
STATE OF GEORGIA
115
rather than spread efforts of the child welfare workers over too large a number The temporary plan was abandoned in favor of the original plan of giving service wherever needed greatest Many of the cases in the above table were continued from month to month the 2600 figure being the number of individual cases
The following table derived from operations of one quarter of 1938 shows the types of cases accepted for care
Poverty or bad home conditions 484
Need of foster care 214
Neglect or cruelty 141
Conduct problem in school home or community 141
Mentally defective 81
Illegitimate birth 60
Crippled blind deaf and other serious physical handicaps 58
Court investigations 35
Intake investigations for institutions 31
The sources of such referrals are varied The following table illustrates the sources from which children were referred for care in one quarter of 1938
County Departments of Public Welfare 600
State Department of Public Welfare 133
Other agencies or institutions 69
Judges and county or town officials 49
Health authorities 28
Schools 24
Parents relatives and neighbors 45
Other individuals 40
Civic organizations 29
Others 18
The fact that 600 of the cases came from County Welfare Departments indicates the extent to which the organization of such a Department in each county is aiding in the Child Welfare program Since the program extends only to rural countiesthose counties which previously had no welfare departmentsit is a safe estimate that 95 per cent of these cases would have escaped attention under the old system The cases accepted represented every county in the State
PSYCHOLOGICAL SERVICE
With the realization that some psychological service was necessary for dealing with certain types of child welfare cases the State Department in January 1938 added a psychologist to the staff of the Child Welfare Division thus affording the first public service of the kind in the history of the State
The service was begun primarily for special studies of children referred to the State Department for mental testing for consultation services on childrens behavior problems and for personality studies of maladjusted children
The chief aim of the psychological program is to establish a mental hygiene service for the prevention of emotional maladjustment and delinquency in children and for assistance where problems have already developed
116
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
Psychologic clinics are held for a week in each congressional district the chief emphasis being on service to counties in which there are Child Welfare demonstration programs as in these counties there are provisions for carrying out the remedial measures advised Since January service has been given each congressional district
Since January 1938 a total of 295 mental tests have been given to children 143 or 48 of the individuals tested were found to be mentally defective Of these 35 or 24 have intelligence quotients below 50 and are legally and medically identified therefore as idiots and imbeciles This group is untrainable and will need lifelong care and supervision Fiftynine or 40 of the 143 defectives have intelligence quotients of from 50 to 60 and are known as the low moron group The boys and girls in this group can be trained to simple tasks but need constant supervision and economic protection and security Fortynine or 34 of the 143 have intelligence quotients between 60 and 70 These generally can be educated to about the fourth grade elementary level they can be trained for simple routine vocations but they need supervision even in this type of work This group is capable of making an economic and social adjustment in the community if the individuals develop normal habit patterns and vocational training and if they are relieved of the usual responsibilities of community life
The acuteness of the problem of mental defectives has been so evident that the State Department has asked for the cooperation of the Training School for Mental Defectives and of the County departments of public welfare in registering the known defectives in each county To date 448 white children have been registered This may be considered as a waiting list for admission to the Training School for Mental Defectives at Gracewood as all of these children are potential institutional responsibilities It is recognized that only those defectives who are a menace to the community socially economically or morally are registered and it is estimated that there are about 26000 mental defectives under the age of 20 years in Georgia
There is no provision for the colored mental defectives the epileptics nor the extremely low grade type which needs continuous institutional care The family and community problems which are being created by these groups may be illustrated by the following case
B a 16 year old boy is helpless he cannot talk nor use legs or arms The home in which he lives is very poorly kept and B is not clean and does not appear to be comfortable Other children in the home are neglected because of the care that he demands from the mother who is not strong and who has much trouble with her back due to strain from lifting boy Other children in family often kept out of school to help care for B The stepfather a tenant farmer does not make enough to supply the needs of the family
Of the entire group tested 80 or 27 of the children presented behavior or personality problems Thirty or 37 of these were mental defectives Ninetynine of the 295 were given mental tests as an aid in making more satisfactory foster boarding or institutional placements There have been 33 complete personality studies on maladjusted children Ten of them were given the test while in jail awaiting trial This type of case may be illustrated by the following
A 12 year old boy in an apparently good home is not able to get along with other children in school He constantly runs away and has developed petty thieving habits Intelligence test shows normal intelligence deep seated feeling of inferiority to brother and sister constant daydreaming After temporary placement in a boarding home with carefully planned contacts with other children and coaching along lines of his special talents the boy is showing definite improvement
An 8 year old adopted girl had been doing well in school but suddenly began to fail in studies and contacts with playmates crying continually and showed evidences of fear and unhappiness Intelligence test shows the child is of normal intelligence Personality study shows that in moving to new neighborhood she had been taunted about adoption and compared unfavorably with a foster sister Advice to parents and teacher in planning small group contacts at home and special recognition at school has helped child to completely overcome difficulties
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In the Child Welfare Divisions efforts to give service to the entire rural section of Georgia it has been keenly recognized that there is a desperate need in the State for an expanded mental hygiene program which will reach all the rural sections of the State and make available the services of psychologists and psychiatrists to all children with deepseated emotional maladjustments and behavior problems Unless these children receive the needed study and treatment they will inevitably fill prisons and asylums and at best lead ineffective unhappy or harmful lives in their communities The need of special skills of a well equipped staff is recognized together with adequate facilities in the State for meeting this problem
ADOPTIONS AND FOSTER CARE
The acute need in Georgia for competent guidance in child adoptions and child placements in foster homes was filled in April 1938 when a special section of the Child Welfare Division was created to supervise this work The Supervisor placed in charge of this work was one with long experience in all phases of child welfare work and special experience in this field
Since assuming her duties the Supervisor has visited each Congressional District and each County Demonstration Unit in the Child Welfare Service Program to assist Child Welfare Workers with problems relating to foster care Under her supervision children in homes of foster parents in rural areas are supervised A much needed policy has been established whereby cooperative agreements between County Welfare Departments and the State Department of Public Welfare are made for the protection of children in foster homes the County Welfare Departments retaining responsibility for the children but availing themselves of the services of the Child Welfare Workers throughout the State
There are hundreds of people in Georgia who desire to adopt children The State does not function as a Child Placing Agency but it is the responsibility of the Supervisor of foster home service to give careful consideration to the applications for children These applications are forwarded to the County Welfare Department in which the applicant resides The County Welfare Director requests the assistance of the child Welfare Worker in that area and through her a careful study of the home is made Such studies do not end with a report of the physical condition of the home health conditions the economic situation the applicants reason for the desire to adopt a child the attitude of the perspective foster parents toward each other the attitude toward childparent relationships attitude of other children in the family and other adults in the home also have to be taken into consideration
The Supervisor of the Child Placing and Child Care Service gives social service assistance to childrens institutions on request of the superintendent in charge Many children in institutions are placeable and these placements are made after careful study by licensed agency Some of the recognized needs in the developments of the State Foster Care Service are as follows Additional personnel to meet the hundreds of requests for service from institutions county welfare departments and individuals a revision of the present adoption laws study homes where older children can be placed on a temporary basis until a plan can be determined in the interest of the individual child Funds are needed for boarding care for children who cannot be otherwise provided for properly particularly for infants who should not be placed in adoptive homes until the cases can be studied thoroughly so that the best possible chance for normal development both mental and physical can be determined Hundreds of children who are not mentally equipped to take their places in the community as future citizens should be given careful supervision in habit formation and suitable training through boarding home care The need for increased institutional care of the trainable feebleminded is urgent and immediate
118
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
III
INSTITUTIONS AND CORRECTIONS
All activities of the Child Welfare Division connected with institutions for children were delegated to a special section which was given also all supervision over probation parole and other correction procedure Due to the fact that this system of organization limited activities primarily to those institutions primarily interested in children and left almost inactive the field of adult institutions it was decided that on August 1 1938 a new division of the State Department that of Adult Services would be created The inspection and licensing of childrens institutions and the supervision of juvenile probation was to be left with the Child Welfare Division To the Adult Service Division was to go supervision over inspection of jails almshouses homes for the aged and other adult groups and adult probation along with inspection of hospitals engaged in group hospitalization services the licensing of stands for the blind the promotion of special services for handicapped adult classes and adult probation supervision
This report deals naturally with activities of the section while a part of the Child Welfare Division with most of the work directed for the benefit of children
Henry B Mays Jr CUSTODIAL INSTITUTIONS
Supervisor Institutions and Corrections fe y
Ph 7r W if n Oiven authority under the Welfare Re
1 organization Act of 1937 to license all chil
drens institutions the State Department turned its first thoughts toward a set of standards for guidance in this licensing In order to obtain an effective set of standards the assistance of superintendents of all childrens institutions in the State was sought and the standards were drawn by a committee selected by these superintendents When approved by the State Board of Public Welfare they became the actual basis of determining whether or not an institution would receive a license to operate
The Child Welfare Division has been gratified over the cooperation given by the boards and staffs of the various childrens institutions in going forward with the newly undertaken work The superintendents having taken part in setting up the standards are anxious to see institutional care for children improved The licensing of childrens institutions has been of considerable help
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to the institutions themselves in convincing their constituents that the work they are doing is approved by the State The fact that an institution holds a State license enables it to secure adequate finances more easily
Of particular interest were reports of several superintendents regarding the many defects found and corrected while making annual physical examinations of all children as required by the Minimum Standards Numbers of children were found to be suffering with bad tonsils poor vision lung trouble and even social diseases In addition to providing safeguards for the health of children in institutions the standards have insured fire protection to institutions where there were fire hazards in some instances have increased the staffs of institutions in quantity and quality have required all institutions to have active boards of directors in order to guarantee satisfactory supervision have improved admission and discharge policies have added to physical comforts of children by requiring certain changes in buildings have raised the standard of diet for all children in institutions and required annual physical examinations for all food handlers have improved school facilities by requiring that schools in institutions meet the requirments of the State Department of Education have improved systems of financial and social record keeping have improved recreational equipment and supervision and have encouraged above all else the development of moral and spiritual values in the childrens institutions because the department realizes that after all the most important feature of any institution is the intimate and wholesome relationship between the staff and children If this relationship is uncooperative and clouded by fear or distrust all the fine physical equipment in the world is of no avail It may be said that during the one year that licensing of childrens institutions has been required marked progress has been attained in improved care for children in institutions
All of the childrens institutions have been inspected at least once during the fiscal year ending June 30 1938 and in many instances it was necessary to make additional inspections At the beginning of the year there were thirtyfive institutions for dependent children in the State During the year three institutions The Atlanta Missions Childs Home Atlanta The George Williams Home at Saute and the Mary Nelson Jones Home in Augusta closed voluntarily because of limited finances and because the small number of children under care could be placed elsewhere The Department assisted all three of these institutions in working out plans for the children on hand at the time of closing At the end of the fiscal year 193738 the following institutions for dependent children had been granted State licenses
Bibb County Juvenile Home Macon
Ann Elizabeth Shepherd Orphans Home Columbus
Appleton Church Home Macon
Atlantas MissionSummer Camp for Children Atlanta
Atlanta Childs Home Atlanta
Bethesda Home for Boys Savannah
Carrie Steele Logan Home Atlanta
Gould Home Savannah
Episcopal Orphans Home Savannah
Ethel Harpst Home Cedartown
Georgia Baptist Orphans Home Hapeville
Georgia Industrial Home Macon
Hillside Cottages Atlanta
Kings Daughters Nursery Home Savannah
Masonic Home of Georgia Macon
Methodist Childrens Home Decatur
Orphans Home of the South Georgia Conference Macon
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DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
Open Door Home Rome
Robert T Daniel Home Griffin
St Josephs Home for Boys Washington
St Marys Home Savannah
Savannah Orphans Home Savannah
Shiloh Orphanage Augusta
Southern Christian Home Atlanta
Tuttle Newton Home Augusta
There are ten institutions for delinquent children in the State two county detention homes two State training schools and six county reformatories The county institutions for delinquent children are under either the juvenile courts or have a close working agreement with these courts
The two State training schools the Georgia Training School for Girls in Atlanta and the Georgia Training School for Boys in Milledgeville are controlled by the State Board of Public Welfare Inadequate finances have greatly handicapped the two State Training Schools but State funds supplemented by Federal funds are now available to improve greatly the facilities of these institutions so that the length of stay of delinquent children may be lengthened to guarantee better results in reformation of those who must return to their respective communities More details regarding planned improvements for these two training schools will be found in this report Part VIII
Fulton County has constructed a new modern JuvenileD etention Home to replace the miserable quarters there were an eyesore for many years
The Department has been working closely with the Board of the Richmond County Reformatory in Augusta in an effort to guarantee more adequate support for that institution The Reformatory has been under a private board depending upon two thousand dollars from the county each year for maintenance realizing that this was about one fifth of the funds necessary The private Board now plans to turn the entire operation of the Reformatory over to the Richmond County Board of Commissioners with the understanding that the commissioners will provide sufficient operating expenses
The following institutions for delinquent children have been licensed during the year
Chatham County Industrial Farm for Boys Negro Savannah
Chatham County Protective Home for Girls Negro Savannah
Childrens Home of Chatham County Savannah
Georgia Training School for Boys Milledgeville
Georgia Training School for Girls Atlanta
While children given care at day nurseries do not become wards of the nurseries these institutions in other respects are similar to institutions for dependent children During that part of the day when the children are given care away from their homes the nurseries are required to provide intensive programs of activities for them The day nurseries provide one meal for the children at noon and in most instances give light lunches in addition Provisions are made for bathing of the children and especial efforts are made to develop good personal hygiene habits Of special note is the effort on the part of some of the nurseries in training the parents to care for their own children and otherwise raise the standards of living of the families The day nurseries on the whole have done commendable work in conducting health clinics for their children and others in the neighborhoods served
The majority of the mothers of children under care in day nurseries are those who are employed away from home The day nurseries meet a real need in this respect
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The following day nurseries have been granted State Licenses during the year
Andrew Stewart Day Nursery Atlanta
Sheltering Arms Atlanta
Cornelia Moore Day Nursery
Osgood Saunders Day Nursery
Gate City Nursery Association Atlanta
Courtland Street Day Nursery Negro
Herndon Day Nursery Negro
Kate Dawson Day Nursery Atlanta
Institutions of all types throughout the State have reported improvements in both methods of operation and in physical equipment during the year In practically every instance recommendations of the Child Welfare Division for improvements as a result of the required inspection have been executed willingly and to the fullest extent of the recommendation
This attitude of cooperation on the part of the superintendents of the institutions indicates that Georgias system of childrens institutions as the years pass will continue to grow better administratively and physically and that the system in the span of a few years will be unmatched by that of any other State The standards by which the institutions are measured are appended to this report Appendix II as well as the standards for child placing in foster homes Appendix III
The following table taken from reports of institution superintendents shows the approximate per capita cost of the institutions in actual expenditures Indications are that the improved State supervision will result in larger income for all of the institutions and a resultant larger per capita expenditure
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DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
CHILD WELFARE TABLE No 1
PER CAPITA COSTCHILDRENS INSTITUTIONS REPORTED FOR YEAR 1937
APPROXIMATE APPROXIMATE APPROXIMATE ANNUAL PER MONTHLY PER DAILY PER CAPITA COST CAPITA COST CAPITA COST
INSTITUTIONS FOR DEPENDENT CHILDREN
Appleton Church Home Macon 451 00 37 00 1 24
Atlanta Childs Home Atlanta 262 00 22 00 73
Ann Elizabeth Shepherd Home Columbus 251 00 21 00 69
Bethesda Home Savannah 391 00 32 00 1 06
Bibb Juvenile Home Macon 349 00 29 00 97
Carrie Steele Logan Home Atlanta 158 00 13 00 43
Doty Nursery Savannah 297 00 25 00 77
Edwin Gould Home Savannah 216 00 18 00 60
Episcopal Orphans Home Savannah 305 00 25 00 83
Ethel Harpst Home Cedartown 139 00 12 00 40
Georgia Baptist Home Hapeville 312 00 26 00 87
Georgia Industrial Home Macon 225 00 19 00 63
Hepzibah Orphanage Macon 211 00 17 00 57
Hillside Cottages Atlanta 253 00 21 00 70
Kings Daughters Home Way cross 112 00 9 00 30
Masonic Home of Georgia Macon 438 00 36 00 1 20
Methodist Childrens Home Decatur 227 00 19 00 63
Open Door Home Rome 245 00 20 00 67
Robert T Daniel Home Griffin 249 00 21 00 68
Sarah Murphy Home Rockmart 62 00 5 00 17
South Georgia Methodist Home Macon 248 00 21 00 70
Southern Industrial Orphans Home Baxley 131 00 11 00 36
St Josephs Home Washington 207 00 17 00 57
Shiloh Home Augusta 92 00 8 00 27
Southern Christian Home Atlanta 300 00 25 00 83
Toccoa Orphanage Toccoa 128 00 11 00 37
Tuttle Newton Home Augusta 825 00 65 00 2 17
STATE AVERAGES 262 00 22 00 71
INSTITUTIONS FOR DELINQUENT CHILDREN
Chatham County Industrial Farm Savannah 229 00 19 00 64
Chatham County Protective Home Savannah 162 00 13 00 44
Childrens Home of Chatham County Savannah 310 00 25 00 83
Georgia Training School for Girls Atlanta 218 00 18 00 60
Georgia Training School for BoysMilledgeville 284 00 24 00 77
Fulton County Industrial FarmWhite Atlanta 459 00 38 00 1 26
Fulton County Industrial FarmNegroAtlanta 270 00 23 00 74
Richmond County Reformatory Augusta 58 00 5 00 16
STATE AVERAGES 249 00 20 50 68
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NOTES
Most of the institution fiscal years end on December 31 Where this was not the case the report of the fiscal year ending during 1937 was used
Only cash expenditures were used in computing the above figures Some institutions receive additional income through commodities contributed or raised on their farms
Average populations for the year 1937 were secured from monthly report cards submitted by institution superintendents Where monthly population reports were not submitted by superintendents population figures had to be estimated
The relatively low costs for the two Catholic Homes St Josephs Home and St Marys Home were partly due to the fact that staff members in those institutions gives service without charge
The Masonic Home at Macon cared for 67 children outside the institution at an annual per capita cost of 10300 The Tuttle Newton Home at Augusta cared for 64 children outside the institution at an annual per capita cost of 5000 exclusive of administrative costs
JUVENILE COURTS
Ten counties of Georgia including the five largest industrial centers maintain juvenile courts for the care of dependent and delinquent children They are Bibb Chatham DeKalb Floyd Fulton Muscogee Thomas Troup Richmond and Clarke the last having been just recently begun
Reports from the first eight of these for the year ending Juiy 1 1938 showed 4191 cases received and 3955 disposed of the largest group of disposals having been via probation Delinquent cases out numbered dependent cases five to one the heaviest offense having been stealing with the next ungovernable The dependent cases in the vast majority resulted from lack of adequate care and support
The Institutions and Corrections Section of the Child Welfare Division during the year interested itself in two primary objectives the institution of a statewide standard system of record keeping in juvenile courts with regular reports to the State Department and the adoption by all juvenile courts of the competitive examination system of selection personnel for probation divisions of the courts Good results were obtained in the first endeavor despite the generally short staffs of the courts throughout the State Full and complete reports for the next year are expected as a matter of routine
Of the 2120 dispositions reported during the past year 501 children remained under supervision of the court probation officer either in his own or some other family home 312 were placed under supervision of an agency or an individual and 232 under the temporary supervision of an institution
Of the remaining who did not stay under custody of the court 292 were dismissed warned or adjusted 64 were committed to a State institution for delinquent children 282 were committed to other institutions of the State 178 were committed to nonstate institutions for delinquent children 70 given to supervision of institutions other than delinquent 18 to public departments 10 to other agencies 48 to individuals Thirtyone were referred without commitment to institutions seven to other courts and 31 to agencies or individuals Thirteen were runaways who were returned home and 31 cases were disposed of by restitution or fines
The fact that the largest single group was placed under supervision of the courts probation officers lends importance to the movement to have the officers selected on a basis of training experience and merit Three such examinations for separate courts were held during the year with
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DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
several of the courts making their selections on this basis regularly While the Institutions and Corrections Division interests itself primarily in the method of operating juvenile courts the Child Welfare Service Consultants make actual contacts with the juvenile and other courts on individual case problems lending whatever assistance possible and attempt to promote the use of county welfare departments as probation agencies in those counties lacking probation officers
The demand for carefully supervised probation work in Georgia instead of institutional care for the majority of delinquents is on the increase and points to abetter system of dealing with juvenile delinquents The work is being carried through the Consultants into the field of greatest need the counties without juvenile courts where juveniles are tried and sentenced in City and Superior Courts
PROBATION
The Institutions and Corrections Section of the Division last year limited its work in the field of probation largely to cooperation with the Georgia Probation Officers Association aside from special activities outlined previously in the field of juvenile probation
Cooperation with the Association extended to the Associations primary aim for a statewide probation system the publication of Probation News monthly and assistance to the Association in its annual conference
Under the plan to organize a Division of Adult Services steps are being taken for providing at least 10 probation officers to work throughout the State with City and Superior Courts desiring the assistance of such officers In some of the larger centers adult probation officers are provided but in the smaller communities this is not generally true The special probation officers of the State Department would be assigned to work with the courts having no probation officers
ALMSHOUSES
The beginning of the Social Security System in Georgia in 1937 started the almshouse as the traditional institution for caring for the aged on its way from Georgia In use in Georgia through most of the States history for housing the aged the feebleminded the incapacitated the tubercular the mentally deteriorated and the diseased the almshouse had come to hold mingled groups of unfortunate human beings given some semblance of comfort during their suffering misery or poverty
Worst feature of the almshouse came to be the fact that children often were committed to them along with their decrepit parents and there they grew somehow into manhood and womanhood
Social Security had three avenues of escape for those confined to the almshouses however and in the space of one year 25 of the 58 institutions in the State have been closed and the inmates of almshouses reduced in number from 1334 to 708 The three avenues were old age assistance through which 418 aged persons were removed to private homes aid to the blind through which 23 were given private homes and aid to dependent children through which 14 children were taken from institutions
Of the remaining 33 almshouses the five located in the largest counties hold 58 per cent of the 708 population for the State as a whole with many of the smaller counties having between one and five inmates in their institutions As a natural process these will be closed in due order since the expense of maintaining an institution for such a small number of persons is far beyond the expense of maintaining each in a private home
Some of the almshouses in the larger centers will be changed gradually into hospitals for the care of the tubercular the venereal diseased the mildly insane who do not need hospitalization at the
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Milledgeville Hospital and for the care of other types needing infirmary attention In making this transfer from almshouse to public infirmary for the indigent the larger counties will be filling a great need which has existed for a number of years and in transferring all aged persons from the almshouse to public assistance rolls will be following the modern trend of outdoor vs institutional relief where economic need is the only consideration
Statistics on the reduction in the number of almshouses and the number of inmates are given in the following tables
NO ALMSHOUSES NO INMATES
58 1334
57 1318
38 763
33 708
Number of Inmates in Almshouses July 1 1937
65 years and over 811
16 to 64 years of age 483
15 years of age and under 24
Total 1318
Persons Removed from Almshouses July 1 1937June 30 1938
Persons 65 years and over removed and placed on old age assistance
Blind persons removed and placed on aid to blind
Children 15 years and under removed and placed on aid to dependent children
418
23
14
January 1 1937 July 1 1937 January 1 1938 July 1 1938
Total removed and placed on public assistance
Population of Almshouses on June 30 1938
65 years and over 307
Blind persons 14
Both aged and blind 21
Children 15 years old and under 6
Others 360
Total 708
455
It is interesting to note that 411 or 58 of the inmates now remaining in the almshouses are in the almshouses of the five largest counties of Georgia
AGED OTHERS TOTAL
Fulton 74 82 156
Floyd 28 28 56
Muscogee 20 29 49
Richmond 30 28 58
Bibb 42 50 92
194 217 411
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DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
COUNTY JAILS
Under provisions of the Welfare Reorganization Act of 1937 the department is authorized to cooperate in the supervision of all correctional activities including the operation of all penal and correctional institutions of the State together with parole supervising of probation services segregation of first offenders and the inspection of local jails
Due to the increased personnel of the Department it has been possible to inspect every county jail in Georgia during th past year This is the first time in several years that all the county jails have been inspected in a years time Likewise through the cooperation of the sheriffs the annual reports of jail population figures were secured for the first time since the Department was formed in 1919
The conditions of the county jails have improved greatly This improvement is probably due to three things first the continuous cooperation and inspections of the Department carried on by efficient personnel familiar with jail problems and jail construction and technique second the willingness of sheriffs jailers and county officials to cooperate in improving jail conditions third the activities of the Federal Government through the Works Progress Administration and the Public Works Administration in the construction of new jails and the renovation of old jails
During the past year 9 counties completed construction of new jails Fourteen other counties improved their jails by completely renovating them At the present time three counties are constructing new jails According to recent reports received from the Public Works Administration there will be about six new jails constructed through that organization during the ensuing year At the time of jail inspections every consideration is given the following points safety of the jail from escape safety from fire hazards management discipline sanitation food medical attention segregation of races sexes insane and juveniles capacity of jail availability to court house dieting fees equipment such as bunks basins lights toilets showers sleeping facilities also recreation and religious activities
After the inspections recommendations either minor or major are made to the following persons County commissioners ordinaries sheriffs jailers judges of the Superior Courts and foremen of the Grand Juries These recommendations are made for the purpose of permanent records inasmuch as immediately after the time of inspections the county officials are contacted personally if possible and the recommendations given them verbally The Department has sent copies of about 75 inspection reports to the Federal Bureau of Prisons Washington D C
Most all of the architects plans for new county jails are examined by this Department This has been found to be a very valuable service since this Department maintains a complete file on each county jail the population of each year and the various classes confined each year The Department can easily determine the necessary requirements of a new jail as to size and number of compartments needed It is also valuable because due to the filing system it can ascertain the general trend of jail population and easily recommend the space which would be necessary to house the anticipated number in the years to come This has proven valuable due to a recent experience where a county was intending to build a jail which would not properly care for the number of prisoners confined at one time during the past year Apparently no consideration was given to he number to be confined in the next several years
One basis for reasoning that jail conditions have improved is the fact that during the past three years complaints received from prisoners and friends have decreased each year During the past year only 13 complaints were received concerning jail conditions
For each complaint received an investigation is made and a report submitted to the complainant as well as the officials who could correct the situation providing the complaint was justifiable
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The complaints found justifiable were results of lack of heat or lack of substantial and sufficient food In these cases the jails were found to be many years old using small stoves for heating purposes In these cases generally there is neither hot water nor bathing facilities
One of the most progressive steps observed during the past year was the separation or segregation of juvenile offenders Most of the sheriffs and county officials realize the importance of segregation since companionship forced by confinement generally imprints on the mind of youth the daring boldness of the hardened criminal
The following figures which show the number of children confined in county jails during the past four years indicate to some extent the necessity for segregating juvenile offenders
COMPARATIVE NUMBER CHILDREN UNDER 16 COMMITTED
1934 1935 1936 1937
White boys 202 335 387 419
White girls 41 95 66 74
Negro boys 309 493 399 461
Negro girls 52 61 64 73
614 984 916 1027
One improvement noticed in county jails is the effort to take better care of the insane Some of the older county jails have had padded cells in which were placed the insane During the past year some of the counties have seen fit to remove the padding and make a clean sanitary cell Although the number of insane confined in jails during the past year was less than the one year previous there are still too many of these people confined in the jail over a period of time This is due to the overcrowded conditions at the State Hospital in Milledgeville In the construction of new jails or renovation of old ones it is recommended that a cell be used for insane which has only a wall bunk basin and toilet and heavy screens on the window with the plumbing on the outside of the cell This type of cell will aid in preventing injury to the person and damaging of property The following are the figures showing the number of insane confined in county jails during the past four years
COMPARATIVE NUMBER INSANE COMMITTED
1934 1935 1936 1937
White men 467 551 569 573
White women 172 162 199 189
White boys 1 0 3 6
White girls 0 1 0 2
Negro men 301 310 522 352
Negro women 161 208 255 254
Negro boys 0 2 1 1
Negro girls 18 0 0 0
Unclassified 17 30 0 11
1137 1264 1549 1388
One of the evils in the county jail system is the method of caring for prisoners The county commissioners or ordinaries are responsible for equipping the jails and the sheriffs are responsible for feeding and guarding prisoners
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DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
Under the present system sheriffs are paid a dieting fee specified by the county officials Out of this dieting fee must come the provision and preparing of food for the prisoners These fees during the past year ranged from 45c to 100 In some counties the fee permits the serving of only two meals daily There are now slightly more than 30 counties where three meals a day are being served Generally the food being served is well prepared There are only a few cases where the system is abused We are listing the dieting fees being paid
FEES PAID SHERIFFS FOR FEEDING PRISONERS
AMOUNT OF FEE NUMBER OF COUNTIES PAYING 1936 SUCH AMOUNT 1937
100 1 3
80 1 2
75 33 45
70 17 21
65 11 11
60 53 50
55 7 2
50 22 15
45 3 1
40 2 0
150 150
The average fee paid during 1937 was 661c The average fee paid during 1936 was 643c
NOTE The remaining 9 counties not listed either have no fee system or are not maintaining a county jail
Below are given the jail population figures for the past four years which show an increase except in 1936 when there were only 661 less than the year previous According to a chart recently made it was found that during the past ten years the number of negro adult prisoners has been only slightly increased while the number of white adult prisoners has increased greatly
COMPARATIVE COUNTY JAIL COMMITMENTS
1934 1935 1936 1937
White men 24878 26358 27510 29900
White women 1598 1992 1963 2355
White boys 202 335 387 425
White girls 41 95 66 76
Negro men 25826 27205 25284 26690
Negro women 3319 3844 4049 4585
Negro boys 309 493 399 462
Negro girls 52 61 64 73
56225 60383 58722 64566
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Suggested changes needed in greater improvement of jails are a law to enable the Department to condemn jails unfit for confinement of human beings a law which would enable two or more counties to own and operate a district jail or work camp a law setting up a salary for sheriffs and authorizing the county to feed and guard the prisoners
APPROVAL OF HOSPITALS
The 1937 General Assembly directed the State Department of Public Welfare to inspect all hospitals in Georgia desiring to contract with nonprofit group hospital associations In going about the work of approving hospitals the Department saw the need of securing the advisory services of medical groups in Georgia Representatives of the Medical Association of Georgia Georgia Hospital Association and the State Department of Health were secured to constitute a committee to assist the Department of Public Welfare in drawing up minimum standards for hospitals contracting with nonprofit hospital associations and offer advisory service in actually approving these hospitals The list of minimum standards has been set up and the actual work of approving hospitals is under way
The 1937 law providing for the creation of nonprofit hospital associations provides that hospitals contracting with these associations must be recommended by the State Board of Health or the Medical Association of Georgia or the Georgia Hospital Association or the county medical society of that countyas being hospitals properly equipped and properly staffed to render the hospital service contracted for by said member or subscriber holding a contract of said corporation which recommendation shall be made to the State Department of Public Welfare and which department shall certify and approve such hospitals applying therefor and recommended as above provided for which may be found to be eligible for such certification as is above provided for and the State Department of Public Welfare shall be charged with the supervision of the services rendered by hospitals operated under such plan with authority to withdraw approval from any hospital which subsequently may under rules and regulations of the State Department become ineligible for rendering such services provided that in fixing rules and regulations in this connection or in enforcing such rules and regulations those hospitals interested therein shall be given equal opportunity to be heard and shall be given a fair and impartial hearing on any and all questions arising in connection with the services to be administered or otherwise in the administering of this Act
Although the law provides for the hospitals to pay fees to the State Department of Public Welfare for inspection services the Department has been making these inspections and approving hospitals free of charge
By June 30 1938 the fifteen hospitals in six cities had been approved by the State Department of Public Welfare for entering group hospitalization contracts
Martin T Myers M D Director Crippled Childrens Service
I
CRIPPLED CHILDREN
The newest service of the State Department of Public Welfare is that for crippled childrenof whom there are more than 7000 in the State by actual record
Made possible by a part of the Federal Social Security Act the service was not started in Georgia as soon as other phases of the program due to uncertainties over cost of the entire system The regular General Assembly of 1937 provided for old age assistance aid to the needy blind and aid to dependent children both by enabling legislation and by appropriations but for the crippled childrens service by enabling legislation only
When the Assembly met in special session in the Fall of 1937 through and into early 1938 the appropriation act setting aside money for the Public Welfare Department was so amended that funds the Department already held could be used for the crippled childrens service Accordingly the operation of this service was started April 1 with the first clinics being held then and the first children being admitted to hospitals for treatment on April 15 The program progressed rapidly with 220 being taken into hospitals by July 1
The service was started first as a part of the Child Welfare division but since it is solely one of medical and surgical administration it was thought advisable to separate it and on August 1 1938 it will become a separate division of the Department
The service is not one of financial aid to crippled children and has as its sole purpose the treatment of their ailments in order to restore them to normal or nearnormal conditions Under the Federal regulationshalf of the expense being borne by the Federal governmentno case can be accepted for treatment unless it is believed reasonably that the child will benefit from treatment
GENERAL AIMS
The Crippled Childrens Service division has for its purpose the diagnosis and treatment of the crippled children of the State In a recent survey made by the WPA in 1937 it was found that there was a total of 7557 crippled children in Georgia from the age of birth to twentyone years of age The aim of the Crippled Childrens Service is to find diagnose and recommend treatment for those children found in this survey and to give them the necessary orthopedic and surgical treatment that will produce maximum return of function and control of the deformity that exists
The definition of a crippled child as accepted in the working plan for services for crippled children is as follows A crippled child is a person between the ages of birth and twentyone years whose bone joint or muscular function is so restricted as to limit its possibilities of normal development physically socially and economically This service also includes persons between the ages of birth and twentyone years who are suffering with eye defects such as muscular imbalance and lack of muscle coordination and other defects of the eyes not directly related to defective vision Refractures and fitting of glasses are not included in this service
The types of crippling conditions that will be accepted for care under the State plan include all those conditions generally termed as orthopedic such as infantile paralysis spastic paralysis clubfeet osteomyelitis bone tuberculosis arthritis bone tumors trauma dislocated hip wry neck or all bone joint or muscular conditions that are causing or may lead to a crippling condition also defective eye conditions as is stated in the above given definition Plastic work such as harelip cleft palate and contracture from burns is also cared for Acute fractures are not to be included in the services offered at present
W
The furnishing of appliances such as braces artificial limbs and other equipment to help restore weak bodies to normal is included as a part of the crippled childrens service The young girl above is shown before and after being
fitted with an artificial limb
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
STATE OF GEORGIA
135
It is the aim of this Service to be able to hospitalize a given number of children each month in various hospitals throughout the State to be treated under qualified orthopedic surgeons as called for in the Federal requirements Hospitalization will be in recognized hospitals throughout the State wherein these surgeons are located
GENERAL PLANS FOR OPERATION
Through the local County Welfare Directors all applications or all information concerning any crippled child in a county is submitted to the State office in the Crippled Childrens Division where the condition of the child is considered and a recommendation is made for his examination at a diagnostic clinic These diagnostic clinics have been held in the several congressional districts throughout the State and in each of which six to eight counties have participated At the present time the clinics have accommodated a maximum number of forty children each These clinics have been under the direct supervision of the participating orthopedic surgeons and the Orthopedic Nursing Consultant of the Crippled Childrens Service A complete diagnosis of the crippling condition is made with a recommendation for such treatment as is necessary also a complete history of the childs birth sex home life and parents or guardian is obtained No child who has reached his twentyfirst year will be accepted for this treatment
After the diagnostic clinics have been held the children are selected for treatment in the various hospitals and it has been the purpose of this Service during the first few months of its activity to hospitalize the type of deformity which can receive benefit through operative treatment quickly By this method the Department will be able to reach more children and extend more treatment at a smaller number of hospital days than would be possible with many of the other types of cases which necessitate a longer period of hospital care After the first few months the Department hopes to be able to bring in gradually that type of case which will probably necessitate longer hospital treatment and by this means be able to reach all types of cases before the first year has ended
After the initial treatment in the hospital of twentyone days which may be extended at the request of the surgeon the child may be either permitted to return home or transported to a convalescent home for further treatments and convalescent care at the request of the operating surgeon If the child is returned home either from the hospital or from the convalescent home a followup contact is maintained through an orthopedic nursing and social service personnel It is the purpose of this personnel to keep in active contact with all patients who have come under treatment of the Crippled Childrens Service and also to assist local welfare directors and public health officials in obtaining other crippled children who may have been overlooked in the survey and have not been able to attend a diagnostic clinic These nurses and social workers will work in cooperation with the operating surgeons convalescent homes and local welfare workers and public health authorities and will assist in the promotion of better health and living conditions throughout the State
GENERAL PLANS FOR FINANCING PROGRAM
The financing of the Crippled Childrens Service is through the provisions as specified in Section 513 of the Social Security Act of 1935 The Federal Government allots to each state participating in the Crippled Childrens Program a definite amount determined by the number of crippled children in that state In Georgia this amount is matched by the State appropriation bill as amended December 22 1937 which was approved for a crippled childrens program by the Legislature of January 1938 Through this appropriation the entire cost of the Crippled Childrens Service is borne this includes administrative costs salaries travel hospitals and suigeons fees diagnostic clinics and medical and surgical supplies No money is expended to maintain private institutions in the State
At clinics held throughout the State crippled children were examined for service under the Welfare Departments newest undertaking a program of aid to crippled children Above are shown Governor E D Rivers Dr Martin T Myers Director of the Service and Welfare Director Lamar Murdaugh at aclinic held in Griffin Ga
STATE OF GEORGIA
137
The work of the Crippled Childrens Service is carried on through an organization made up of Director Orthopedic Nursing Consultant Social Service Consultant eight Field Nurses three Social Workers three secretaries and two clerical workers Assisting in the further management of the program are twelve hospitals throughout the State located in Atlanta Macon Augusta Columbus and Savannah and seventeen orthopedic surgeons cooperating with this program three physiotherapists Besides two convalescent homes at the present time are being used If it is thought advisable other convalescent homes will be established These are privately owned establishments from which the Crippled Childrens Service purchases care for children treated after hospital stay
Up to July 1 a total of twentyfive clinics were held in the State covering one hundred and fiftyseven counties and in which more than eight hundred children were examined Between April 15 and July 1 220 children were admitted to hospitals for treatment
Frank C Shirley
Director Surplus Commodities Distribution Division
I
SURPLUS COMMODITIES
The program of distributing surplus commodities is one of a twofold purpose to aid the farmers by purchase of products they can not sell in regular channels at profitable prices and to aid the needy by furnishing to them food they can not purchase with their own means
The system brings into play more agencies of government than any other relief measure The U S Department of Agriculture is interested through two subsidiary branches the Federal Surplus Commodities Corporation and the Agricultural Adjustment Administration Another Federal agency the Works Progress Administration plays an important role The State Department of Public Welfare assumes responsibility for directing distribution of the commodities and the County governments help bear the expenses The County Welfare Departments say to whom the commodities go
The FSCC was started for the purpose of relieving glutted commodity markets by purchase of a sufficient quantity of any product to boost its price to a normal level where the farmer could make some profit from his activities In spotting markets needing such activity the FSCC was given the assistance of the AAA In order to have some use of the commodities purchased and yet not to have them turned into some channel where the FSCC would be competing against itself it was decided that the products should be distributed to needy persons on relief throughout the nationto persons who otherwise would have no food The greatest of care is exerted in the administration of the program to see to it that none of the food reaches persons who otherwise would purchase it from private stores Every precaution is taken not to disrupt normal business channels through the distribution of the commodities to improper persons
While the FSCC was created especially as a relief measure for farmers and devoted most of its attention to the needs of the farmer Secretary of Agriculture Wallace in June 1938 called on that organization to give more attention to the needs of persons on relief and to attempt to meet these unfilled needs The reason for this was a tremendous increase in the number of unemployed and a resultant rise in the number of persons needing immediate relief of a substantial kind Prior to this declaration of Secretary Wallace the food available for distribution to the needy depended entirely upon those commodities showing a slump in price due to under consumption in regular markets
With his requested change however the FSCC went about filling these unfilled needs and one of the first orders it placed was for flour a sufficient quantity to meet the minimum needs of every family subsisting on surplus commodities It added eggs and poultry planned to give fresh meat in the fall of the year brought in new types of wholesome cereal and vastly increased not only the types of food being received by each family but the quantity of food as well The new policy went into effect in July and so tremendous was the increase in the volume of foodstuffs being handled that an expansion of the Surplus Commodities Distribution Division of the Welfare Department was made imperative as well as the purchase of added equipment for transporting the commodities intrastate
It was not until July 1937 that the State Department became interested in the surplus commodities program Up until that time the Works Progress Administration had supervised and financed it entirely However it became necessary on that date that the State assume sponsorship of the program and the commodities division was created The WPA continued to furnish through a special works project the staffs for commodity warehouses throughout the State truck drivers and part of the personnel for the State office leaving the State Department a minimum of expense for the return the State receives from the program
The first carload of flour received in Georgia under the expanded program of the Federal Surplus Commodities Corporation is shown being stacked in the State Departments warehouse in Atlanta The purchase of flour came after Secretary of Agriculture Wallace called on the FSCC to meet more adequately the unfilled needs of persons on relief

MV
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
STATE OF GEORGIA
143
Of the total cost of the program in Georgia over 97 per cent including the purchase of commodities and their shipment into the State is borne by the Federal Government The counties bear approximately 19 per cent of the cost in furnishing warehouses in cash donations for supplies truck fuel and other items while the States share is 3 per cent or 935 per month for the fiscal year just ended
The small cost to the State is due primarily to the fact that supervision over the distribution of commodities was not a function anticipated when the appropriations to the Department were set by the legislature of 1937 The operation became a new and unexpected one and had to be financed as well as possible The State office staff and its necessary travel expense is practically all that is covered by the State expenditure Part of the reason for a relatively low expenditure is found in the fact that field supervision is given through ten District Supervisors of Commodities and Statistics whose salaries where charged to the Public Assistance Division
Due to the fact that insufficient supervision could be given over the expanded program under such an arrangement with divided duties for the field representatives it was arranged to have ten District Supervisors of Commodities only starting August 1 thus increasing the direct costs chargeable to the Division
The present distribution of costs between the Federal State and County Governments is
AVERAGE COSTS PER MONTH
A Federal Costs
1 Commodities Received 250000
2 Freight 10000
3 WPA Labor 15000
Percent to Total Cost
Total Federal Cost 275000 978
B County Costs
1 Cash Donations for other than Labor Items 1700
2 Warehouse Rentals 2500
3 Other Facilities 1200
Total County Costs
C State Costs
1 Supervisory Salaries and Travel
5400 19
935
Total State Costs
935 03
Grand Total Project Cost 281335 1000
Money for other than labor costs such as truck fuel truck repairs tires meals and lodging for truck drivers postage printed forms stationery cards office supplies envelopes repackaging suppliessuch as bags twine gummed tape etc has necessarily been obtained from Counties
Funds for these purposes are vital to the operation of the project and therefore all Counties participating in commodity distribution have been required to render monthly cash payments From time to time and at present only one some counties have chosen not to pay or otherwise were not able to pay this fund and in those counties commodity distribution has been withdrawn
The display of surplus commodities shown above gives some idea of the various kinds of food furnished to relief families Fresh fruit and fresh vegetables are included in outlay as well as dried beans and peas and canned peas dried skim milk and cottonseed oil shortening Under a new program flour and fresh meat will be added
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
STATE OF GEORGIA
145
during the period of nonpayment In addition counties are required to furnish their own warehouses which must pass inspection of the Commodity Division WPA Safety Division and local fire and building inspections
Frequently the amount of commodities to be transported intrastate has been so great or of such perishable nature that the 16 trucks of the Commodity Division which are owned by WPA have been inadequate and at such times counties have been required to donate necessary transportation facilities
The Works Progress Administration pays for all labor other than supervision including County Commodity Supervisors truck drivers stenographers bookkeepers packers labor and other clerical and manual personnel all of whom are paid WPA security wage rates There are a total of approximately 240 of these persons
Amounts of monthly county cash payments are established approximately in proportion to the county caseload to be served in each county This is considered as the fairest basis for fixing these amounts because quantities of commodities to be received by any county can not be accurately anticipated
The nature of the surplus removal program prior to July was such that shipments of commodities might be more or less than expected amounts and likewise were received more or less spasmodically This embodied unavoidable circumstances resulting sometimes in disproportionate distribution among the counties although everything possible was done by the Commodity Division to obtain equal treatment for all on the basis of caseload Too some counties had WPA sewing projects others not therefore when amounts of commodities actually distributed in the various counties were compiled the value of items distributed in the respective counties often were widely out of proportion with amounts of cash funds paid by those counties This caused continuous dissatisfaction among county officials because a county expected to receive more or less than another county when the amount of money it paid was more or less than the other county
In addition to distributing food the Division also distributes all products of WPA sewing rooms and work shops Distribution is made from warehouses or from privately owned stores agreeing to handle the surplus commodities on certificates granted relief clients by county directors All certification for this type of relief is left with the county departments under general supervision of the State Department
The caseload of surplus commodity recipients hit a maximum of 55000 families during the year with the lowest months coming during the summer Arrangements are being made to handle as high as 73000 families if conditions warrant during the fall and winter of 19381939
The State Department purchased and placed in service during July ten new trucks to be used for intrastate shipments from distribution centers to county warehouses Carload shipments by the FSCC usually are made to the distribution centers designated by the State Department The new trucks will augment service rendered by those of the 16 WPA trucks to be retained in service Some of the WPA equipment was in such condition as not to warrant repair
The total value of surplus commodities distributed in Georgia in the last fiscal year was 222437474 with the amount received by each county shown early in this report in Public Assistance Table No 1 The monthly value of commodities was
Distribution of a vast quantity of surplus commodities some of them highly perishable necessitated the State Department increasing the number of trucks in service Above is shown a fleet of 10 one and one half ton trucks purchased in July and immediately put into operation in various sections of the State in order to give more satisfactory service to the 55000 subsisting on surplus commodities
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
STATE OF GEORGIA
147
VALUE OF SURPLUS COMMODITIES DISTRIBUTED IN GEORGIA FROM
JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
MONTH VALUE
July 13682016
August 17407708
September 18418563
October 16144957
November 15335777
December 18475456
J anuary 12494523
February 21737606
March 20337673
AprilI 26600536
May 19651716
June 22150943
TOTAL 222437474
The variety and quantity of goods both in food and other items is shown in the following table
SURPLUS COMMODITIES DISTRIBUTED IN GEORGIA FROM JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
COMMODITY QUANTITY
Apples Dried 136298 lbs
Apples Fresh 6042959 lbs
Beans Dried Lima 271029 lbs
Beans Dry Small White 398846 lbs
Cabbage Fresh 187718 lbs
Celery Fresh 407147 lbs
Cereal Enriched Oat 114585 lbs
Cereal Rolled Oat 12959 lbs
Eggs Cold Storage 120968 lbs
Foods Miscellaneous 131802 lbs
Grapefruit Juice Canned 433 lbs
Milk Dry Skimv 583711 lbs
Oranges Fresh 2461346 lbs
Peaches Dried 119807 lbs
Peas Canned 232688 lbs
Peas Dried 156960 lbs
Potatoes Irish 4823851 lbs
Prunes Dried 310691 lbs
Rice Milled 775133 lbs
Rice GritsJ 159921 lbs
Shortening 266724 lbs
Tomatoes Fresh 418877 lbs
Vegetables Fresh Miscellaneous 287612 lbs
Watermelons 317716 lbs
TOTAL FOODSTUFFS18739423 lbs
Clothing 1 70b 043 items
Household and Miscellaneous Items 108719 items
148
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
The types of clothing and other items exclusive of food distributed is given in the following inventory of June 30 1938
PHYSICAL INVENTORY OF SURPLUS COMMODITIES ON HAND JUNE 30 1938
PROCESSED GOODS QUANTITY RAW MATERIAL
Aprons 1875 each Cotton Raw 12500 lbs
Bathrobes Childrens 1209 each PROCESSED GOODS QUANTITY
Bathrobes Infants 1102 each Suits M Y M 66 each
Bathrobes M Y M 782 each Suits W M 240 each
Bathrobes W M 142 each Underwear Childrens 10472 each
Blouses Childrens 157 each Underwear Infants 5091 each
Blouses W M 401 each Underwear M Y M 8273 each
Caps and Hats 509 each Underwear W M 10422 each
Clothing Accessories 7 each Vests M Y M 37 each
Coats and Jackets Childrens 426 each Bedspreads 1 each
Coats and Jackets Infants 28 each Blankets 4 each
Coats and Jackets M Y M 1111 each Blankets Crib 446 each
Coats and Jackets W M 396 each Chairs 7 each
Diapers 3176 each Chairs Reconditioned 18 each
Dresses Childrens 21559 each Comforter Covers 7 each
Dresses Infants 8094 each Comforter Tops and Backs 26 each
Dresses W M 28744 each Comforters and Quilts 118 each
Infants Accessories 1552 each Comforters and Quilts Crib 41 each
Layettes 112 each Curtains 38 each
Overalls and Coveralls Childrens 7717 each Furniture Miscellaneous 90 each
Overalls and Coveralls MYM 2036 each Mattresses Double 369 each
Overalls and Coveralls W M 2 each Pillow Cases Crib 2 each
Pants Childrens 9318 each Pillow Cases Full size 3024 each
Pants M Y M 12492 each Pillows Bed 6 each
Rompers 141 each Pillows sofa 24 each
Shirts 24349 each Rugs 1001 each
Shoes M Y M 98 pairs Scarfs 9 each
Shoes and Slippers Childrens 80 pairs Sheets Double 1700 each
Shoes and Slippers Infants 25 pairs Sheets Single 22 each
Shrouds 46 each Tables 2 each
Skirts Childrens 371 each Towels Huck 24 each
Skirts W M 700 each Towels Tea 6 each
Sleeping Garments Childrens 3356 each Towels Terry 1 each
Sleeping Garments Infants 3795 each Wash Cloths 9 each
Sleeping Garments M Y M 2276 each Bags Miscellaneous 35 each
Sleeping Garments W M 5189 each Bassinetes Baby 41 each
Slips Childrens 8562 each Cabinets Medicine 31 each
Slips Infants 3807 each Flags 38 each
Slips W M 15502 each Pens Baby 13 each
Smocks 209 each Scraps Salvaged 2644 lbs
Suits Childrens 2144 each Supplies Hospital 146 each
Suits Gym 14 each Toys 1250 each
Suits Infants 1982 each Trays Layette 11 each
Total Processed Goods221398 items
Dr C J Wellborn Director Division of Institutions
I
GENERAL OPERATIONS
For a long period of years Georgias eleemosynary institutions have been harassed by two major problems inadequate buildings and insufficient financial support
When the State Department of Public Welfare inherited control of the institutions from the State Board of Control in February 1937 both of these problems had reached an emergency status in most of the institutions and major attention during the past year and a half has been given to solution of them
The institutions under the Departments direction number seven with the eighth eleemosynary unitthe State Tuberculosis Sanitorium at Altohaving passed to control of the State Department of Public Health in July 1937
The oldest of the institutions is the Milledgeville State Hospital which began operation in 1842 as the State Lunatic Asylum The youngest is the Georgia Training School for Mental Defectives established in 1921 to care for the feebleminded children of the State
Other units are The Georgia Academy for the Blind at Macon in operation since 1852 The School for the Deaf at Cave Springs started in 1848 the Training School for Boys opened in 1905 to give special treatment to juvenile delinquents the Training School for Girls in Atlanta opened in 1913 to give similar services for delinquent girls and the Confederate Soldiers Home in Atlanta
Until passage of the Reorganization Act of 1931 the institutions were operated independently of each other by governing boards either selfperpetuating or appointed by the Governor The Reorganization bill placed all of themincluding the Alto Sanitoriumunder the State Board of Control of Eleemosynary Institutions This board exercised a supervisory authority over the institutions general operation but left practically everything except the formation of broad policies to superintendents placed in the various units
Assuming charge of the institutions in February 1937 the Welfare Department has been able to show marked progress toward betterment of each of the units in the ensuing months but has not been able to bring about all of the improvements officials of the Department know are necessary to give the State an adequate system
First progress necessarily was of an emergency nature This concerned finances for operation and maintenance Under the guise of economy operating costs of the institutions had been reduced to some extent during the period of several years prior to the present administration This economy was obtained as a fair example by reducing the diet of patients at the Milledgeville Hospital by cutting rations by reducing the amount of milk eggs and other essential foods How false this economy was is clearly indicated by the fact that the death rate of patients increased materially during the drive for economy The present State Administration and the present Welfare Department want to see cost to the taxpayers kept at the lowest possible level but not at the cost of lives of persons the State has assumed the responsibility of caring for They want economy of operation but the kind which comes from efficiency the kind which calls for rendering a full and capable service designed to benefit the wards of the State and to restore them as near as possible to normal
The first appropriation made to institutions by the General Assembly under the present administration was for the halfyear period from January 1 to June 30 1937 with increases being shown for all institutions over the rate of appropriations for the full years 1935 and 1936 The comparative appropriations shown in actual funds available were
152
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
1935
Confederate Soldiers Home 1479779
Training School for Girls 3150095
School for the Deaf 6558107
Training School for Mental Defectives 6253191
Milledgeville State Hospital 111193948
Academy for the Blind 3463199
Training School for Boys 3994 20
1936
1531274
3582648 7827993 8172000 115013390 4075595 3827555
FIRST HALF
1937
1020081 1876716 5430869 5593307 104913038 2161668 22027 41
Includes 31954763 deficiency appropriation to meet accounts payable outstanding as of January 1 1937
The appropriations for the fiscal years beginning July 1 1937 and July 1 1938 made by the General Assembly of 1937 were for 2000000 to the seven institutions under the Department of Public Welfare with a separate appropriation to the Tuberculosis Sanitorium The institutions drew 159558007 during the year with 200000 more being made available on the appropriation in June 1938 This latter amount was set aside for monthly proration during the next fiscal year
Having over 95 per cent of the inmate population of the State institutions the Milledgeville State Hospital necessarily presents the greatest problem of administration Under the funds made available to it the Hospital was able to increase its staff of medical and nursing attendants and to better its general service during the past year and a half although laboring under great handicaps because of the physical condition of buildings and the overcrowded quarters
The housing problems of the institutions range from the extreme condition at Milledgeville to the fairly adequate white facilities of the Academy for the Blind at Macon with every institution needing new buildings repairs to existing buildings or both
Milledgeville Hospital was planned to house 5000 patients at the most but so pressing has been the demand for admission of mental patients to the Institution in the past several years that it has crowded all facilities to house over 7000 persons
This fact alone has produced an emergency but the situation has been made even more grave by the fact that several of the buildings housing as high as 700 patients are in unsafe condition from a fireprevention point of view Further some of the crowded buildings are in unsafe physical condition
With desired improvements at Milledgeville as the main impetus and with the desire to place all institutions in position to care for the necessary number of inmates in the best manner possible plans have been formulated for physical improvements giving each institution adequate safe facilities
The General Assembly of 1937 enacted a chain store tax revenue from which was allocated to the eleemosynary institutions for building purposes The first revenue from this act however was not available for this purpose due to the fact that the allocation was specified in the General Appropriations Act as being a separate appropriation to the Welfare Department With this situation remedied by the Special General Assembly of 19371938 the fund was made available for building purposes
The Special Assembly also authorized the discount of rental notes held by the State on its railroad properties and approximately 1200000 was imminent June 30 1938 to add to the estimate 200000 annual income from the chain store tax
STATE OF GEORGIA
153
With these funds as a basis a building program of 12000000 touching all institutions was projected the State funds to be used for the purpose of matching available WPA and PWA funds As the fiscal year closed intensive negotiations with the Federal agencies were under way plans for many of the improvements and new buildings had been perfected and the beginning of work by an early date
Financing of the program was to be undertaken in three ways labor and material grants from the WPA with the State furnishing other materials PWA grants with this agency furnishing 45 per cent of the cost and the State the remaining 55 per cent and PWA grant and lease with the PWA paying the entire initial cost and leasing the properties to the State until annual payments retired the States 55 per cent of the cost
It was decided that the States first obligation was to place all buildings in a safe condition for the intimates already being housed at the various institutions especially to eliminate fire hazards the next obligation set up was an improvement in sanitation facilities some of the buildings especially at Milledgeville being of old construction and having entirely inadeqate toilet and bath accommodations the third obligation was determined to be the expansion of facilities in order to accommodate the long admission waiting list facing all of the institutions except the schools for the deaf and blind and the Confederate Soldiers Home and to relieve the condition of crowding patients into the institutions
The building program was projected on two plans one of 6000000 for immediate emergency work and the other of 6000000 for a period of years until all institutions have adequate modern facilities The major portion of both programs of necessity was given to the Milledgeville State Hospital
Another improvement planned for the operation of the institutions was in the manner of admissions or intake The creation of a County Welfare Department in each County of the State for the first time has given facilities for the operation of a proper intake system based on economic needs of those seeking admission or on proper studies of those committed to custodial institutions such as the training schools for boys and girls
The operation of the County Welfare Departments and of a more intensive public health program both have resulted in increased demands on the institutions making it necessary that a systematic intake method be adopted in order to assure treatment to those cases most in need of care and least able to receive it in any other manner It is anticipated that the population of each institution except the Confederate Soldiers Home will continue for several years to show an increase and the building programs have been designed to keep pace with these increasing demands
The particular intake problems of the various institutions will be given detailed attention in the reports on the individual institutions following this section
Dr John W Oden Superintendent
MILLEDGEVILLE STATE HOSPITAL
Milledgeville Ga
This nearly 100yearold building still in use at the Milledgeville State Hospital was the first unit of the institution The two wings were constructed first with the central portion being added later The building is due for extensive recondition under a pending improvement and construction program
156 DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
GENERAL OPERATION
The Milledgeville State Hospital for care of the mentally diseased was the first eleemosynary institution to be established by the State of Georgia By legislative act of 1837 a State Lunatic Asylum was authorized and forty acres of land two miles south of Milledgeville were purchased for the site
Those charged with erecting the institution adopted a building plan of two buildings each four stories high 129 feet long and 39 feet wide parallel to and distant from each other 222 feet this 222 feet designed to be the foundation of another or third building reaching from the outer corner to outer corner constituting this third building 300 feet in length and to be 40 feet in width its ends where they join to the ends of the other buildings are to be verandas
The first unit was opened for patients November 1 1842 men being housed on the first and second floors and women on the third and fourth This original unit together with the later added other units is still in use at the Hospital and the group is known as the Powell Building
The present Hospitalalthough housed in generally antiquated buildingsis far different from the original lunatic asylum to which persons were committed without hope of cure The development of methods for treating the mentally ill have been followed by the institution and cures or improvements were registered last year in 8612 per cent of the 1305 cases furloughed or discharged from the Hospital Officials of the institution recognize the necessity of proper custodial care for the hopelessly violent insane but are attempting to operate a Hospital for the treatment and cure of mental diseases and to discourage use of the Hospital as a custodian for the senile and other harmless types for whom there is no possibility of betterment mentally
The tremendous increase in population of the institution in the past 20 years and the condition of present facilities make it necessary that this policy be followed if proper treatment is to be administered to those types of cases which can be benefited At the most the institution has facilitites for the housing of not more than 5000 persons The population in the past 20 years has shown a steady increase the total amounting to approximately 3000 patients with the population June 30 1938 being 7 243 The movement of patients during the year is showfr by the following table
158
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
STATE OF POPULATION MILLEDGEVILLE STATE HOSPITAL FOR THE YEAR ENDING JUNE 30 1938
W M W F C M C F Total
On books July 11937
In Hospital 2094 2592 1125 1393 7204
On furlough 381 378 123 153 1035
Total 2475 2970 1248 1546 8239
Admitted during the year 446 374 228 260 1308
Total on books during year 2921 3344 1476 1806 9547
Discharged during the year
As recovered 94 64 24 81 263
As improved 176 173 62 54 465
As unimproved 33 48 24 6 111
As without psychosis 36 9 9 2 56
Total discharged 339 294 119 143 895
Died during the year 157 87 92 84 420
Total discharged and died 496 381 211 227 1315
On books June 30 1938
In Hospital 2104 2572 1146 1421 7243
On furlough 321 391 119 158 989
Total 2425 2963 1265 1679 8232
Average daily population7187
Applications received 1797
Net increase 39
Applications for admissions to the Hospital during the past year presented a new problem due to the fact that many counties closed their almshouses and in many instances sought to have the Hospital take former almshouse inmates for no other reason apparently than that the unfortunate aged needed custodial care not of a type due to mental disease Patients of this kind can not be accepted at the institution especially under the existing crowded housing conditions
The Superintendent recommended that if this type of custodial case was to be taken as a regular policy that separate buildings be erected far removed from those in which treatment is given to the acute mentally ill since the treatments would be of a far different nature Before any person can be admitted to the Hospital it is necessary that he be declared rnsane by the Court of Ordinary and at times persons desiring admission exort to extreme measures in playing crazy in order to obtain this commitment and receive treatment for physical rather than mental disease
One of the chief reasons for the present overcrowded conditionaside from the fact that few buildings have been erected in the past 20 years at the Hospitaland the cause of patients being
STATE OF GEORGIA
159
crowded into the Hospital is that the insane unless taken into the Hospital must be detained in county jails where there are few if any facilities for the special treatment of the mentally ill
The problem of new admissions became so acute during the last few months of the closing fiscal year that the State Board of Public Welfare passed a regulation restricting the intake until the building facilities are expanded and made safer for the inmates This regulation required that no cases be admitted except for those for which there is a hope of improvement or cure and that for each person admitted a custodial case be returned to the county from which the new patient came It was anticipated that adequate care for the returned custodial case would be found in the private home of some relative
The principal cause of this restriction was the unsafe and overcrowded condition of the buildings Only two new structures of any consequence have been erected in the past 20 years One of these the most modern building in the institutionis a medical hospital unit Several years ago wooden pavilions were erected as a temporary measure but it was necessary to crowd patients in them in an unsatisfactory manner Besides the pavilions are heated by stoves and being of wood construction constitute a great fire hazard
One of the main buildingsthe Greene Building housing several hundred female patientsis in a bad state of repair and like other old buildings is of wooden interior structure and a great fire hazard The construction plan of the old buildings is such that emptying the buildings in case of fire would be a difficult task even with normal persons and would be more difficult and probably impossible with mentally ill persons
Under the pending building program the Greene Building will be razed and a modern structure will replace it Other buildings will have extensive improvements to render them safe for the inmates and special attention will be given to fire safety measures with specially designed fireresistant exits
The prevention of fires is due wholly to the watchfulness of the employees and officers of the institution the very existence of the great hazard making them more careful and keeping uppermost in their minds at all times the danger of a great catastrophe
In housing its more than 7000 patients in the present buildings the Hospital of necessity has had to utilize every available space including the corridors of many of the buildings Recreation and occupational therapy space has been reduced to a minimum and far below the requirements of the institution for the proper treatment of its patients
This crowded condition gives rise to another danger that of epidemics and in the prevention of the spread of disease the employees are just as watchful as in the prevention of fires The proper treatment of patients suffering from tuberculosis and the taking of proper cautions against spread of the disease are practically impossible although the institution has more tubercular patients than the State Tuberculosis Sanitorium
All of these undesirable features of the Hospital from a housing point of view will be eradicated through the pending building program and the Hospital virtually will be rebuilt from the ground up in order to afford not only proper space for housing the patients but likewise the installation of proper equipment for the care of the patients
During the past year one bad feature of the institutions physical plan was overcome For many years it had been necessary for female patientsno matter what the weatherto march from their quarters to a central kitchen obtain their food and return with it to their buildings The erection of four new kitchens and 16 new dining rooms did away with this situation and all female patients having dining facilities without the necessity of having to leave their buildings A central heating plant also was completed to serve all of the principal buildings
A modern school for nurses is operated in connection with the Milledgeville State Hospital Twentytwo students were enrolled June 30with nine graduating during the year The home for nurses including graduate nurses in attendance at the Hospital is shown above

160 DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
STATE OF GEORGIA
161
Special needs in the building program are for separate reception buildings for white men white women colored men and colored women Another is for an enlargement of the medical hospital unit to provide for negro patients Under the present arrangements instruments and supplies for surgical treatment of negro patients are taken from the white operating room for approximately one mile to the negro operating room in the Colored Building This operating room itself is not satisfactorily located in relation to the sick ward of the building
As badly needed as better hospital facilities are separate buildings for hydrotherapy treatments At the present time hydrotherapeutic facilities are badly lacking The buildings for this purpose should be removed from others in order that the noise created by disturbed patients would not disturb the quiet type Separation of the excited type would permit better treatment of them and likewise would make conditions better for the other patients
A large recreational building is needed in order to provide adequate space for occupational therapy work
A colony of 300 negro men is housed about five miles from the institution the men being the type of patients best benefited by farming activity as a form of occupational therapy The buildings are of wooden construction are heated by stoves and do not have proper sewerage disposal Improvements to these buildings are necessary
Throughout the system sanitary facilities are lacking The toilet and bath equipment in the buildings is of antiquated structure and the number of toilets and tubs provided is far insufficient for the population of the buildings
The remedying of all these situations is provided for in the building program being pressed for early beginning and when the program is completed the patient population will have housing with a greater degree of comfort and safety and with a necessary greater amount of privacy Better results in the treatment of the patients should be attained and plans are being made for increases in the staff personnel to assure proper attention to every inmate
One of the greatest problems of the institution is in receiving patients generally who have been suffering from mental illnesses long enough for the diseases to be far progressed The earlier treatment is begun in all types of cases the better are the chances for recoveries
The delay of the admission of the patients to the hospital to due to two primary causes the first is the still too widely prevalent idea that there is no cure for the mentally ill and the stigma attaching itself to mental illnesses due to the general conception that once a person is crazy he will always be crazy There must develop a general feeling that mental illnesses are as normal as physical illnesses and that most types of mental diseases can be treated as definitely as physical diseases The secretive manner in which relatives usually deal with mentally ill members of their families must be overcome
There is however another handicap to the State Hospital in its operation and its desire to receive the patients in earlier stages of illness Commitments must be made by a legal process not a medical or psychological process The general process is for the Ordinary to appoint a sanity commission consisting of three citizens two of whom must be practicing physicians and the county attorney Under some circumstances the sanity commission for any particular person can be composed of six citizens only one of whom need be a practicing physician Before a person can be admitted to the State Hospital he must be declared insane by formal action of the Court of Ordinary acting on the recommendation of such a commission
While it always will remain necessary to have a legal process for declaring insanity nevertheless there should be some arrangement for voluntary commitments to the State Hospital In many instances of course the mentally ill in early stages gain admission to private institutions
162
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
and benefit greatly by this treatment never becoming in such condition either mentally or economically that they must seek admission to the State Hospital It is for those economically unable to afford private institutions that a great need for a voluntary commitment department of the hospital is essential This voluntary department should be housed in a section removed from the regular hospital and should be adequately equipped for all types of modern treatments for mental cases There would be no idea of accepting in this department any patient able to afford treatment privately Such a department however would prevent the development of acute mental illnesses in many instances and would relieve the regular hospital of much of the pressure on it
The voluntary commitment hospital also would be able to offer services to psychiatrists to private physicians desiring consultations on any of their patients
Another improvement in the general system would be the establishment of branch clinics throughout the State so that the services of psychiatrists would be available to all private physicians desiring them The operation of such clinics was discontinued several years ago in an economy move but should be reinstated at the earliest possible time
The benefit to persons suffering from mental illness would be a quicker cure and less likelihood of prolonged hospital occupancy than under the present method
The Hospital also needs many additions to its equipment in the laundry machine shops and in other mechanical departments At the present time the Hospital operates a single laundry for white and colored patients but desires two separate laundries
There is also a need for an enlarged canning plant the construction of enlarged quarters for this plant having been started in July Through the operation of a farm in which 300 negro patients work and gardens in which 200 white men work the Hospital produces a large supply of its own food and the old canning plant had to be run 24 hours a day for a large part of last year in order to keep pace with farm and garden production
The per capita per diem cost of operating the Hospital based on an average of 7187 patients per day is shown in the following tables
PER CAPITA PER DIEM COST7187 DAILY POPULATION YEAR ENDED JUNE 30 1938
CASH BASIS
EXPLANATORY AMOUNT PER CAPITA PER DIEM
Maintenance Appropriation 119584000 166389 4559
Chain Store Tax 11900000 16558 0454
WPA Grant 5155393 7173 0196
Internal Cash Income 1974961 2748 0075
TOTAL CASH RECEIPTS 138614354 192868 5284
Donations PWA 2789600 3881 0106
Departmental Income 30339183 42214 1157
TOTAL RECEIPTS ALL SOURCES 171743137 238963 6547
STATE OF GEORGIA
163
CONSUMPTIVE BASIS
Personal Services 53284573 7414 2031
Supplies and Materials 105874471 14731 4036
All Other Maintenance 10319924 1436 0393
Outlay 11804542 16424 045
181283510 252234 6910
Less
Donations 2789600 3881 0106
Departmental Charges 30339183 42214 1157
148154727 206139 5647
TOTAL GOVERNMENTAL COST
164
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
II
MEDICAL DEPARTMENT
One thousand three hundred and eight patients were received at the Hospital during the year ending June 30 1938 Of these nine hundred and eightyfour were first admissions and three hundred and twentyfour were readmissions to this hospital or from some other mental hospital Of the patients admitted one thousand two hundred and eightyone were examined both mentally and physically and presented to the staff for diagnostic consideration Twentytwo patients died and five were furloughed before presentation
During the year eight thousand six hundred and fiftynine patients were treated These figures were arrived at by taking the resident population July 1 1937 adding to this total patients admitted during the year and the number of patients returned from furlough who were furloughed
during the previous year
No in hospital July 1 19377204
No admitted during fiscal year1308
No returned from furlough 147
TOTAL8659
Four hundred and twenty patients died General paralysis of the insane was the leading cause of death with sixtytwo Pulmonary tuberculosis ranked second with fiftyseven and broncho pneumonia third with fifty The death rate for the year was 48 of all patients treated The death rate for the previous five year period averaged 50
A total of one thousand three hundred and five patients was furloughed and fiftysix were discharged as not insane making a total of one thousand three hundred and sixtyone patients released from the institution during the year Of the patients furloughed three hundred and eleven were restored or 247 of all insane admissions and seven hundred and eightyeight were improved or 625 making a combined recovery and improved rate of 8612 of all insane admissions The average restored rate for the past three fiscal years was 218 The average improved rate for the same period was 410 The combined restored and improved rate for the same period was 628 Bearing these figures in mind it can readily be seen that the restored and improved rate for the past fiscal year is most encouraging
There was but one case of typhoid fever during the year This patient arrived at the Hospital with the disease and is now making a satisfactory recovery There was no small pox during the year The Hospital systematically keeps the patient population vaccinated against typhoid and small pox
Fourteen patients were admitted by order of the court The criminal charge and diagnosis of each is given as follows
Charge
1 Assault and battery
1 Assault with intent to murder
1 Assault with intent to murder
2 Assault with intent to rape
1 Burglary
1 Carrying concealed weapon 1 Felony
1 Larceny
1 Larceny
Diagnosis Manic depressive
Dementia praecox
Psychosis with epilepsy
With brain and nervous disease With mental deficiency
With mental deficiency
Not insane
Not insane
Psychosis with epilepsy
STATE OF GEORGIA
165
1 Making liquorManic depressive
1 MurderDementia praecox
1 MurderUnclassified
1 SodomyWith cerebral arteriosclerosis
The policy of segregating all tubercular cases on which a diagnosis was made has been continued Facilities for treating tuberculosis are woefully lacking notwithstanding the institution probably has more tubercular cases than any institution in the State While at one time the type of buildings in use were considered adequate for the treatment of tuberculosis with the advent of modern treatment this particular type of building is no longer suitable for the purpose once served Various operative methods are frequently indicated in treating tuberculosis and treatment should be rendered in the buildings in which the patients are confined This is impossible with our improvised and poorly constructed buildings
During the year the Hospital intensely treated syphilitic patients and most cases are dementia paralytica Twelve cases of dementia paralytica were treated with malaria alone five cases with malaria and tryparsamide and eighteen cases with malaria tryparsamide and bismuth In this entire group there were five deaths the deaths occurring from thirteen days to one month and nine days from the malarial inoculation The death in one case was recorded as being due to lobar pneumonia The average tryparsamide treatment consisted of fifteen doses while the average treatment in bismuth consisted of twenty doses Of this group treated seventeen were recorded as improved one was recorded as markedly improved and nine were recorded as unimproved Out of this group the blood and spinal fluid was not examined after treatment in seven of the cases these seven cases including the five that died In this series the blood and spinal fluid was rendered negative in ten of the cases The blood was found to be negative in eight other cases The spinal fluid was negative in two cases The blood and spinal fluid was four plus in two oases and three plus in one case The blood alone was four plus positive in three cases and three plus in two cases The spinal fluid was four plus positive in four cases and three plus positive in one case
In addition to the above cases of paresis that were treated with malarial inoculation together with the various combinations of other drugs there have been two hundred and twentytwo paretics and syphilitics who have received intensive treatment during the year The treatment in these cases has consisted chiefly of intravenous and intramuscular administrations of the following drugs neoarsphenamine salicylate of mercury salicylate of bismuth tryparsamide sulpharsphenamine and thiobismol Some of these patients in addition have received mercury and iodides by mouth
The treatment of selected cases with insulin and metrazol is well under way at this institution at the present time Encouragement is given by the results in some of these cases and the restored and improved rate among furloughed cases has been increased by this treatment Insulin and metrazol is thought to be more efficacious in early cases of mental disease than in cases that have existed for as much as two years Unfortunately the staff has been unable in the past to get cases in which the mental symptoms were comparatively recent
Some of the physicians continued to hold weekly conferences with charge attendants On these occasions general as well as specific problems were discussed Particular attention has been given to symptomatic treatment and some progress in handling problem cases has been made
Three commissaries are operated for the welfare of the patients The profit from this source is used for supplies for the various occupational therapy projects and for diversion and entertainment for the patients as well as to buy Christmas gifts for those who no not receive gifts from home
Following this report are tables showing admissions psychoses and other data concerning patients received and treated during the year There also are included tables on admissions and radmissions during the first six months of 1937
166
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
TABLE No I STATE HOSPITAL
DIAGNOSTIC GROUPING OF ALL PATIENTS IN HOSPITAL JULY 1 1938
PSYCHOSIS WHITE COLORED Total
M F M F
Traumatic 21 1 2 0 24 33
Senile 21 39 8 21 89 122
With cerebral arteriosclerosis 108 45 65 39 257 355
With syphilitic meningoencephalitis With other forms of syphilis of the central 137 46 64 56 303 419
nervous system 4 1 3 9 17 23
Associated with organic changes of the nervous
system 58 41 20 10 129 178
With other disturbances of circulation 2 0 0 0 2 02
Due to new growth 0 0 0 0 0
Due to alcohol 11 0 1 0 12 16
Due to drugs 5 9 1 0 15 20
Due to other metabolic etc diseases 13 22 10 13 58 80
Manic depressive 298 703 222 423 1646 2271
Dementia praecox 868 928 370 659 2725 3774
Paranoid condition 7 20 0 3 30 41
With convulsive disorder epilepsy 159 200 128 69 656 905
Psychoneurosis or neurosis 16 34 0 0 50 69
With psychopathic personality 15 25 2 3 45 62
With mental deficiency 324 343 194 107 968 1336
Unclassified 32 114 55 9 210 280
Not insane 2 0 1 0 3 04
Alcohol addictnot insane 0 0 0 0 0
Drug addictnot insane 0 0 0 0 0 2
Mental deficiencynot insane 1 1 0 0 02
Psychopathic personalitynot insane 2 0 0 0 2 02
TOTAL 2104 2572 1146 1421 7243 9994
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167
TABLE No II STATE HOSPITAL
DIAGNOSTIC GROUPING OF ALL ADMISSIONS DURING FISCAL YEAR
ENDING JUNE 30 1938
WHITE COLORED
PSYCHOSIS Total
M F M F
Traumatic 8 0 0 0 8 61
Senile 8 8 3 3 22 168
With cerebral arteriosclerosis 43 17 23 11 94 711
With syphilitic meningoencephalitis 32 11 39 20 102 771
With other forms of syphilis of the central
nervous system 0 0 0 1 1 07
Associated with organic changes of the nervous
system 12 2 5 0 19 145
With other disturbances of circulation 1 0 0 0 1 07
Due to new growth 0 1 0 0 1 07
Due to alcohol 7 1 3 0 11 90
Due to drugs 3 9 0 0 12 98
Due to other metabolic etc diseases 5 5 6 7 23 176
Manic depressive 127 200 70 138 535 4081
Dementia praecox 76 54 26 53 209 1590
Paranoid condition 0 0 0 0 0
With convulsive disorder epilepsy 23 15 9 13 60 459
Psychoneurosis or neurosis 9 5 0 0 14 107
With psychopathic personality 3 1 0 0 4 30
With mental deficiency 39 37 19 10 105 802
Unclassified 21 1 16 2 40 305
Not insane 6 3 5 2 16 122
Alcohol addictnot insane 17 2 1 0 20 152
Drug addictnot insane 0 1 0 0 1 07
Mental deficiencynot insane 2 1 2 0 5 38
Psychopathic personalitynot insane 4 0 1 0 5 38
TOTAL 446 374 228 260 1308 9972
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
308
TABLE No IIA STATE HOSPITAL
DIAGNOSTIC GROUPING OF FIRST ADMISSIONS DURING THE FISCAL
YEAR ENDING JUNE 30 1938
PSYCHOSIS WHITE COLORED TOTAL
M F M F
Traumatic 7 0 0 0 7
Senile 8 6 3 3 20
With cerebral arteriosclerosis 41 15 21 11 88
With syphilitic meningoencephalitis 31 10 38 18 97
With other forms of syphilis of the central nervous system 0 0 0 1 1
Associated with organic changes of the nervous system 11 2 5 0 18
With other disturbances of circulation 0 0 0 0 0
Due to new growth 0 1 0 0 1
Due to alcohol 6 0 3 0 9
Due to drugs 3 8 0 0 11
Due to other metabolic etc diseases 5 5 6 6 22
Manic depressive 69 118 48 102 337
Dementia praecox 46 36 22 43 147
Paranoid condition 0 0 0 0 0
With convulsive disorder epilepsy 18 13 8 12 51
Psychoneurosis or neurosis 5 0 0 0 5
With psychopathic personality 1 1 0 0 2
With mental deficiency 34 34 18 7 93
Unclassified 15 1 16 2 34
Not insane 4 3 5 2 14
Alcohol addictnot insane 15 2 1 0 18
Drug addictnot insane 0 1 0 0 1
Mental deficiencynot insane 2 1 2 0 5
Psychopathic personalitynot insane 3 0 0 0 3
TOTAL 324 257 196 207 984
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169
TABLE No IIB STATE HOSPITAL
DIAGNOSTIC GROUPING OF READMISSIONS DURING THE FISCAL YEAR
ENDING JUNE 30 1938
PSYCHOSIS WHITE COLORED TOTAL
M F M F
Traumatic 1 0 0 0 1
Senile 0 2 0 0 2
With cerebral arteriosclerosis 2 2 2 0 6
With syphilitic meningoencephalitis 1 1 1 2 5
With other forms of syphilis of the central nervous system 0 0 0 0 0
Associated with organic changes of the nervous system 1 0 0 0 1
With other disturbances of circulation 1 0 0 0 1
Due to new growth 0 0 0 0 0
Due to alcohol 1 1 0 0 2
Due to drugs 0 1 0 0 1
Due to other metabolic etc diseases 0 0 0 1 1
Manic depressive 58 82 22 36 198
Dementia praecox 30 18 4 10 62
Paranoid condition 0 0 0 0 0
With convulsive disorder epilepsy 5 2 1 1 9
Psychoneurosis or neurosis 4 5 0 0 9
With psychopathic personality 2 0 0 0 2
With mental deficiency 5 3 1 3 12
Unclassified 6 0 0 0 6
Not insane 2 0 0 0 2
Alcohol addictnot insane 2 0 0 0 2
Drug addictnot insane 0 0 0 0 0
Mental deficiencvnot insane 0 0 0 0 0
Psychopathic personalitynot insane 1 0 1 0 2
TOTAL 122 117 32 53 324
170
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
TABLE No Ill STATE HOSPITAL
FURLOUGHS DURING FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30 1938
PSYCHOSIS WHITE COLORED TOTAL
MALE FEMALE MALE FEMALE
R I U S R I U S R I U S R I U S
Traumatic 0 6 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7
Senile 0 2 1 0 0 6 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 14
With cerebral arterio
sclerosis 0 15 9 0 0 5 2 0 1 3 2 0 0 6 0 0 43
With syphilitic meningo
encephalitis 0 30 3 0 0 10 4 0 0 6 4 0 0 6 0 0 63
With other forms of the
central nervous system 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Associated with organic
changes of the nervous
system 0 7 6 0 0 7 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 26
With other disturbances of
circulation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to new growth 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Or 0 0 0 0
Due to alcohol 5 7 1 0 2 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 18
Due to drugs 3 1 1 0 6 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17
Due to other metabolic
etc diseases 4 0 2 0 1 4 1 0 1 0 0 0 4 3 0 0 20
Manic depressive 69 93 9 0 49 193 28 0 26 48 7 0 92 27 1 0 642
Dementia praecox 0 58 12 0 0 56 26 0 0 10 8 0 8 19 4 0 201
Paranoid condition 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With convulsive disorder
epilepsy 0 11 9 0 0 11 4 0 0 7 4 0 0 5 0 0 51
Psychoneurosis or neu
rosis 1 4 1 0 0 10 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 19
With psychopathic per
sonality 4 2 1 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11
With mental deficiencyij 11 39 7 0 4 16 19 0 0 8 5 0 0 6 1 0 116
Unclassified 8 17 4 0 2 4 3 0 4 8 4 0 1 0 0 0 55
Not insane 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 2 15
Alcohol addictnot in
sane 0 0 0 24 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 28
Drug addictnot insane 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
Mental deficiencynot in
sane 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 5
Psychopathic personality
not insane 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 7
TOTAL 106 293 67 36 66 330 97 9 34 91 35 9 105 74 7 2 1361
502 502 169 188
STATE OF GEORGIA
171
TABLE No IIIA STATE HOSPITAL
DISCHARGES DURING FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30 1938
PSYCHOSIS WHITE COLORED TOTAL
MALE FEMALE MALE FEMALE
R I U S R I U S R I U S R I U S
Traumatic 0 2 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4
Senile 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 3
With cerebral arterio
sclerosis 0 8 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 14
With syphilitic meningo
encephalitis 0 14 0 0 0 3 5 0 0 3 4 0 0 5 0 0 34
With other forms of syph
ilis of the central ner
vous system 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Associated with organic
changes of the nervous
system 0 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 5
With other disturbances of
circulation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to new growth 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
Due to alcohol 9 5 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 18
Due to drugs 7 3 0 0 6 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 22
Due to other metabolic
etc diseases 1 1 5 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 3 2 0 0 14
Manic depressive 53 66 8 0 47 113 10 0 19 35 7 0 70 24 2 0 454
Dementia praecox 2 22 13 0 1 22 14 0 0 8 3 0 7 16 1 0 109
Paranoid condition 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
With convulsive disorder
epilepsy 0 11 5 0 0 6 6 0 0 1 5 0 0 5 0 0 39
Psychoneurosis or neu
rosis 2 4 0 0 1 7 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 18
With psychopathic per
sonality 1 1 0 0 1 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8
With mental deficiency 2 15 0 0 3 5 5 0 0 4 3 0 1 1 2 0 41
Unclassified 17 17 4 0 3 4 2 0 3 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 54
Not insane 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 2 15
Alcohol addictnot insane 0 0 0 24 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 28
Drug addictnot insane 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
Mental deficiencynot in
sane i 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 5
Psychopathic personality
not insane 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 7
TOTAL 94 176 33 36 64 173 48 9 24 62 24 9 81 54 6 2 895
339 294 119 143
172
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
TABLE No IV STATE HOSPITAL
AGES OF FIRST ADMISSIONS DURING FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30 CLASSIFIED WITH REFERENCE TO PRINCIPAL PSYCHOSIS WHITE MALE POPULATION
PSYCHOSIS UNDER 20 20 to 30 30 to 40 40 to 50 50 to 60 60 to 70 OVER 70 NOT GIVEN TOTAL
Traumatic 2 1 1 1 2 0 0 0 7
Senile 0 0 0 0 0 2 6 0 8
With cerebral arteriosclerosis 0 0 0 1 15 19 6 0 41
With syphilitic meningoencephalitis 0 2 11 7 7 4 0 0 31
With other forms of syphilis of the central neTVous system 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Associated with organic changes of the nervous system 2 0 5 2 2 0 0 0 11
With other disturbances of circulation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to new growth 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to alcohol 0 2 3 1 0 0 0 0 6
Due to drugs 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 3
Due to other metabolic etc disease 0 0 0 1 3 1 0 0 5
Manic depressive 2 24 14 11 12 4 2 0 69
Dementia praecox 7 11 19 3 4 2 0 0 46
Paranoid condition 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With convulsive disorder epilepsy 4 9 4 0 1 0 0 0 18
Psychoneurosis or neurosis 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 5
With psychopathic personality 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
With mental deficiency 10 15 2 4 3 0 0 0 34
Unclassified 1 2 5 6 0 0 0 1 15
Not insane 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 4
Alcohol addictnot insane 0 1 8 5 1 0 0 0 15
Drug addictnot insane 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mental deficiencynot insane 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Psychopathic personalitynot insane 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 3
TOTAL 30 72 80 45 50 32 14 1 324
STATE OF GEORGIA
173
TABLE No IVA STATE HOSPITAL
AGES OF FIRST ADMISSIONS DURING FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 301938 CLASSIFIED WITH REFERENCE TO PRINCIPAL PSYCHOSIS WHITE FEMALE POPULATION
Psychosis UNDER 20 20 to 30 30 to 40 40 to 50 50 to 60 60 to 70 Over 70 Not GIVEN Total
Traumatic 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Senile 0 0 0 0 0 5 1 0 6
With cerebral arteriosclerosis With syphilitic meningoen 0 0 0 1 2 7 5 0 15
cephalitis With other forms of syphilis of 0 1 5 3 1 0 0 0 10
the central nervous system 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Associated with organic changes 0 0
of the nervous system With other disturbances of cir 0 0 1 1 0 0 2
culation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to new growth 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
Due to alcohol 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to drugs 0 1 2 2 2 0 1 0 8
Due to other metabolic etc
disease 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 5
Manic depressive 7 27 36 25 15 8 0 0 118
Dementia praecox 2 12 9 7 5 1 0 0 36
Paranoid condition With convulsive disorder epi 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
lepsy 4 5 4 0 0 0 0 0 13
Psychoneurosis or neurosis 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
With psychopathic personality 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
With mental deficiency 5 12 10 5 2 0 0 0 34
Unclassified 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
Not insane 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 3
Alcohol addictnot insane 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 2
Drug addictnot insane 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
Mental deficiencynot insane Psychopathic personalitynot 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
insane 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL 19 63 70 49 27 22 7 0 257
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DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
TABLE No IVB STATE HOSPITAL
AGES OF FIRST ADMISSIONS DURING FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30 1938 CLASSIFIED WITH REFERENCE TO PRINCIPAL PSYCHOSIS COLORED MALE POPULATION
Psychosis Undeb 20 20 to 30 30 to 40 40 to 50 50 to 60 60 to 70 Over 70 Not given Total
Traumatic 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Senile 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 3
With cerebral arteriosclerosis 0 0 0 2 8 10 1 0 21
With syphilitic meningoen
cephalitis 0 3 16 11 4 2 0 2 38
With other forms of syphilis of
the central nervous system 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Associated with organic changes
of the nervous system 1 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 5
With other disturbances of cir
culation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to new growth 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to alcohol 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 3
Due to drugs 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to other metabolic etc
disease 1 0 0 3 0 2 0 0 6
Manic depressive 9 25 7 1 4 2 0 0 48
Dementia praecox 3 11 7 1 0 0 0 0 22
Paranoid condition 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With convulsive disorder epi
lepsy 0 3 4 0 1 0 0 0 8
Psychoneurosis or neurosis 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With psychopathic personality 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With mental deficiency 7 6 2 2 0 1 0 0 18
Unclassified 0 3 6 6 0 1 0 0 16
Not insane 1 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 5
Alcohol addictnot insane 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
Drug addictnot insane 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mental deficiencynot insane 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2
Psychopathic personalitynot
insane 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL 23 56 47 29 18 19 2 2 196
STATE OF GEORGIA
175
TABLE No IVC STATE HOSPITAL
AGES OF FIRST ADMISSIONS DURING THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30 1938 CLASSIFIED WITH REFERENCE TO PRINCIPAL PSYCHOSIS COLORED FEMALE POPULATION
Psychosis Under 20 20 to 30 30 to 40 40 to 50 50 to 60 60 to 70 Over 70 Not given Total
Traumatic 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Senile 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 3
With cerebral arteriosclerosis 0 0 0 3 2 4 2 0 11
With syphilitic meningoen
cephalitis 0 3 6 5 3 1 0 0 18
With other forms of syphilis of
the central nervous system 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
Associated with organic changes
of the nervous system 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With other disturbances of cir
culation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to new growth 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to alcohol 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to drugs 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to other metabolic etc
diseases 0 2 3 1 0 0 0 0 6
Manic depressive 6 21 26 41 8 0 0 0 102
Dementia praecox 3 20 10 7 3 0 0 0 43
Paranoid condition 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With convulsive disorder epi
lepsy 2 4 2 3 1 0 0 0 12
Psychoneurosis or neurosis 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With psychopathic personality 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With mental deficiency 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 7
Unclassified 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 2
Not insane 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Alcohol addictnot insane 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Drug addictnot insane 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mental deficiencynot insane 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Psychopathic personalitynot
insane 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL 17 55 48 60 18 7 2 0 207
176
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
TABLE No V STATE HOSPITAL
DEGREE OF EDUCATION OF FIRST ADMISSIONS DURING FISCAL YEAR ENDING
JUNE 30 1938
CLASSIFIED WITH REFERENCE TO PRINCIPAL PSYCHOSIS WHITE MALE POPULATION
PSYCHOSIS d o Reads only Reads and writes Common school High school College Not given Total
Traumatic 0 0 0 5 2 0 0 7
Senile 2 0 1 3 2 0 0 8
With cerebral arteriosclerosis 0 0 9 26 4 2 0 41
With syphilitic meningoencephalitis 2 0 9 16 4 0 0 31
With other forms of syphilis of the
central nervous system 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Associated with organic changes of the
nervous system 2 1 6 1 1 0 0 11
With other disturbances of circulation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to new growth 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to alcohol 0 0 1 4 0 1 0 6
Due to drugs 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 3
Due to other metabolic etc diseases 0 0 2 3 0 0 0 5
Manic depressive 1 0 24 36 6 2 0 69
Dementia praecox 0 0 8 20 16 2 0 46
Paranoid condition 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With convulsive disorder epilepsy 6 1 4 5 2 0 0 18
Psychoneurosis or neurosis 1 0 1 2 0 1 0 5
With psychopathic personality 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
With mental deficiency 16 1 12 5 0 0 0 34
Unclassified 1 0 2 9 2 0 1 15
Not insane 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 4
Alcohol addictnot insane 0 0 4 7 3 1 0 15
Drug addictnot insane 0 0 0 0 Q 0 0 0
Mental deficiencynot insane 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2
Psychopathic personalitynot insane 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 3
TOTAL 31 3 87 146 47 9 1 324
STATE OF GEORGIA
177
TABLE No VA STATE HOSPITAL
DEGREE OF EDUCATION OF FIRST ADMISSIONS DURING FISCAL YEAR ENDING
JUNE 30 1938
CLASSIFIED WITH REFERENCE TO PRINCIPAL PSYCHOSIS WHITE FEMALE POPULATION
PSYCHOSIS None Reads only Reads and writes Common school High school College Not given Total
Traumatic 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Senile 0 0 1 4 1 0 0 6
With cerebral arteriosclerosis 1 0 4 8 0 2 0 15
With syphilitic meningoencephalitis With other forms of syphilis of the 1 0 1 6 2 0 0 10
central nervous system 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Associated with organic changes of the 0 0
nervous system 0 0 1 1 0 2
With other disturbances of circulation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to new growth 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
Due to alcohol 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to drugs 0 0 2 2 3 1 0 8
Due to other metabolic etc diseases 0 0 3 0 2 0 0 5
Manic depressive 5 2 18 58 29 6 0 118
Dementia praecox 0 0 9 17 6 4 0 36
Paranoid condition 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With convulsive disorder epilepsy 4 0 6 3 0 0 0 13
Psychoneurosis or neurosis 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With psychopathic personality 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
With mental deficiency 11 3 17 3 0 0 0 34
Unclassified 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
Not insane 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 3
Alcohol addictnot insane 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 2
Drug addictnot insane 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
Mental deficiencynot insane 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
Psychopathic personalitynot insane 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL 23 5 66 104 45 14 0 257
178
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
TABLE No VB STATE HOSPITAL
DEGREE OF EDUCATION OF FIRST ADMISSIONS DURING FISCAL YEAR ENDING
JUNE 30 1938
CLASSIFIED WITH REFERENCE TO PRINCIPAL PSYCHOSIS COLORED MALE POPULATION
PSYCHOSIS 1 None Reads only j Reads and writes Common school High school College Not given Total j
Traumatic 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Senile 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 3
With cerebral arteriosclerosis 9 1 9 2 0 0 0 21
With syphilitic meningoencephalitis With other forms of syphilis of the 8 0 19 8 1 0 2 38
central nervous system 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Associated with organic changes of the
nervous system 3 0 0 2 0 0 0 5
With other disturbances of circulation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to new growth 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to alcohol 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 3
Due to drugs 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to other metabolic etc diseases 3 1 1 1 0 0 0 6
Manic depressive 10 2 27 4 4 1 0 48
Dementia praecox 5 2 10 4 1 0 0 22
Paranoid condition 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With convulsive disorder epilepsy 2 0 3 2 1 0 0 8
Psychoneurosis or neurosis 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With psychopathic personality 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With mental deficiencv 15 0 3 0 0 0 0 18
Unclassified 4 0 9 2 1 0 0 16
Not insane 1 0 1 3 0 0 0 5
Alcohol addictnot insane 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
Drug addictnot insane 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mental deficiencynot insane 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 2
Psychopathic personalitynot insane 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL 62 8 84 31 8 1 2 196
STATE OF GEORGIA
179
TABLE No VC STATE HOSPITAL
DEGREE OF EDUCATION OF FIRST ADMISSIONS DURING FISCAL YEAR ENDING
JUNE 30 1938
CLASSIFIED WITH REFERENCE TO PRINCIPAL PSYCHOSIS COLORED FEMALE POPULATION
PSYCHOSIS None Reads only Reads and writes Common school High school I j College a o 3d o 1 1 j Total i
Traumatic 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Senile 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 3
With cerebral arteriosclerosis 5 0 6 0 0 0 0 11
With syphilitic meningoencephalitis With other forms of syphilis of the 4 0 10 4 0 0 0 18
central nervous system 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
Associated with organic changes of the
nervous system 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With other disturbances of circulation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to new growth 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to alcohol 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to drugs 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to other metabolic etc diseases 1 1 3 1 0 0 0 6
Manic depressive 14 1 60 25 2 0 0 102
Dementia praecox 10 1 17 9 6 0 0 43
Paranoid condition 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With convulsive disorder epilepsy 4 0 6 2 0 0 0 12
Psychoneurosis or neurosis 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With psychopathic personality 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With mental deficiency 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 7
Unclassified 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 2
Not insane 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 2
Alcohol addictnot insane 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Drug addictnot insane 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mental deficiencynot insane 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Psychopathic personalitynot insane 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL 45 3 105 43 11 0 0 207
ISO
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
TABLE No VI STATE HOSPITAL
ECONOMIC CONDITION OF FIRST ADMISSIONS DURING FISCAL YEAR ENDING
JUNE 30 1938
CLASSIFIED WITH REFERENCE TO PRINCIPAL PSYCHOSIS WHITE POPULATION
PSYCHOSIS MALE FEMALE
Comfortable Marginal Dependent Not given M O H Comfortable Marginal Dependent Not given Total
Traumatic 1 1 5 0 7 0 0 0 0 0
Senile 0 1 7 0 8 0 0 6 0 6
With cerebral arteriosclerosis 0 5 36 0 41 0 1 14 0 15
With syphilitic meningoencephalitis 2 2 27 0 31 0 0 10 0 10
With other forms of syphilis of the cen
tral nervous system 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Associated with organic changes of the
nervous system 0 1 10 0 11 0 0 2 0 2
With other disturbances of circulation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to new growth 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
Due to alcohol 0 0 6 0 6 0 0 0 0 0
Due to drugs 0 0 3 0 3 0 0 8 0 8
Due to other metabolic etc diseases 0 0 5 0 5 0 0 5 0 5
Manic depressive 1 2 66 0 69 4 11 103 0 118
Dementia praecox 1 6 39 0 46 1 3 32 0 36
Paranoid condition 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With convulsive disorder epilepsy 0 0 18 0 18 0 0 13 0 13
Psychoneurosis or neurosis 0 0 5 0 5 0 0 0 0 0
With psychopathic personality 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1
With mental deficiency 0 2 32 0 34 0 2 32 0 34
Unclassified 0 0 14 1 15 0 0 1 0 1
Not insane AI 0 0 4 0 4 0 0 3 0 3
Alcohol addictnot insane 1 0 14 0 15 0 0 2 0 2
Drug addictnot insane 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
Mental deficiencynot insane 0 1 1 0 2 0 0 1 0 1
Psychopathic personalitynot insane 0 0 3 0 3 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL 6 22 295 1 324 5 17 235 0 257
STATE OF GEORGIA
181
TABLE No VIA STATE HOSPITAL
ECONOMIC CONDITION OF FIRST ADMISSIONS DURING FISCAL YEAR ENDING
JUNE 30 1938
CLASSIFIED WITH REFERENCE TO PRINCIPAL PSYCHOSIS COLORED POPULATION
PSYCHOSIS
Traumatic
Senilef
With cerebral arteriosclerosis
With syphilitic meningoencephalitis With other forms of syphilis of the central nervous system
Associated with organic changes of the
nervous system
With other disturbances of circulation
Due to new growth
Due to alcohol
Due to drugs
Due to other metabolic etc diseases
Manic depressive
Dementia praecox
Paranoid condition
With convulsive disorder epilepsy
Psychoneurosis or neurosis
With phychopathic personality
With mental deficiency
Unclassified
Not insane
Alcohol addictnot insane
Drug addictnot insane
Mental deficiencynot insane
Psychopathic personalitynot insane
TOTAL
MALE FEMALE
a 0
S3 c3 a CD a 3 o3 4 3 a a a CD
o qi d Eb d d 0 Eo o H d Eb d a a Eb 01
S Q a
c5 w o o o D o o
o g p H O 3 Q as Eh
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 3 0 3 0 0 3 0 3
0 1 20 0 21 0 0 11 0 11
0 3 35 0 38 0 1 17 0 18
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
0 0 5 0 5 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 2 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 6 0 6 0 0 6 0 6
1 3 44 0 48 1 3 98 0 102
0 2 20 0 22 0 3 40 0 43
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 8 0 8 0 0 12 0 12
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 18 0 18 0 0 7 0 7
0 0 16 0 16 0 0 2 0 2
0 0 5 0 5 0 0 2 0 2
0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 11 184 0 196 1 7 199 0 207
182
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
TABLE No VII STATE HOSPITAL
CIVIL CONDITION OF FIRST ADMISSIONS DURING FISCAL YEAR ENDING
JUNE 30 1938
CLASSIFIED WITH REFERENCE TO PRINCIPAL PSYCHOSIS WHITE MALE POPULATION
PSYCHOSIS Single Married Widowed Divorced Separated Not given Total
Traumatic 4 2 1 0 0 0 7
Senile 1 5 1 1 0 0 8
With cerebral arteriosclerosis 0 29 10 1 1 0 41
With syphilitic meningoencephalitis With other forms of syphilis of the central 8 16 1 3 3 0 31
nervous system 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Associated with organic changes of the nervous
system 4 7 0 0 0 0 11
With other disturbances of circulation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to new growth 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to alcohol 3 3 0 0 0 0 6
Due to drugs 1 1 1 0 0 0 3
Due to other metabolicetcdiseases 1 2 1 1 0 0 5
Manic depressive 24 36 5 1 3 0 69
Dementia praecox 32 6 2 2 4 0 46
Paranoid condition 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With convulsive disorder epilepsy 16 2 0 0 0 0 18
Psychoneurosis or neurosis 1 4 0 0 0 0 5
With psychopathic personality 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
With mental deficiency 31 1 0 0 2 0 34
Unclassified 5 6 0 0 3 1 15
Not insane 0 3 0 1 0 0 4
Alcohol addictnot insane 4 8 2 1 0 0 15
Drug addictnot insane 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mental deficiencynot insane 1 1 0 0 0 0 2
Psychopathic personalitynot insane 0 1 0 1 1 0 3
TOTAL 136 134 24 12 17 1 324
STATE OF GEORGIA
183
TABLE No VIIA STATE HOSPITAL
CIVIL CONDITION OF FIRST ADMISSIONS DURING FISCAL YEAR ENDING
JUNE 30 1938
CLASSIFIED WITH REFERENCE TO PRINCIPAL PSYCHOSIS WHITE FEMALE POPULATION
PSYCHOSIS Single Married 1 1 Widowed Divorced Separated Not given Total
Traumatic 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Senile 1 2 3 0 0 0 6
With cerebral arteriosclerosis 1 3 10 0 1 0 15
With syphilitic meningoencephalitis With other forms of syphilis of the central 0 6 2 1 1 0 10
nervous system 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Associated with organic changes of the nervous
system 0 1 0 0 1 0 2
With other disturbances of circulation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to new growth 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
Due to alcohol 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to drugs 0 4 3 1 0 0 8
Due to other metabolicetcdiseases 0 4 1 0 0 0 5
Manic depressive 17 80 9 2 10 0 118
Dementia praecox 16 13 4 1 2 0 36
Paranoid condition 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With convulsive disorder epilepsy 6 4 0 1 2 0 13
Psychoneurosis or neurosis 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With psychopathic personality 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
With mental deficiency 24 3 3 1 3 0 34
Unclassified j 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
Not insane 0 1 1 1 0 0 3
Alcohol addictnot insane 0 2 0 0 0 0 2
Drug addictnot insane 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
Mental deficiencynot insane 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
Psychopathic personalitynot insane 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL 68 125 36 8 20 0 257
184
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
TABLE No VIIB STATE HOSPITAL
CIVIL CONDITION OF FIRST ADMISSIONS DURING FISCAL YEAR ENDING
JUNE 30 1938
CLASSIFIED WITH REFERENCE TO PRINCIPAL PSYCHOSIS COLORED MALE POPULATION
PSYCHOSIS Single Married Widowed Divorced Separated Not given Total
Traumatic 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Senile 0 2 0 0 1 0 3
With cerebral arteriosclerosis 3 10 4 0 4 0 21
With syphilitic meningoencephalitis With other forms of syphilis of the central 8 15 5 0 8 2 38
nervous system 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Associated with organic changes of the nervous
system 4 1 0 0 0 0 5
With other disturbances of circulation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to new growth 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to alcohol 1 2 0 0 0 0 3
Due to drugs 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to other metabolicetcdiseases 2 3 0 0 1 0 6
Manic depressive 23 17 1 0 7 0 48
Dementia praecox 13 3 1 1 4 0 22
Paranoid condition 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With convulsive disorderepilepsy 4 3 0 0 1 0 8
Psychoneurosis or neurosis 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With psychopathic personality 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With mental deficiency 14 2 0 0 2 0 18
Unclassified 5 8 1 0 2 0 16
Not insane 1 3 0 0 1 0 5
Alcohol addictnot insane 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
Drug addictnot insane 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mental deficiencynot insane 2 0 0 0 0 0 2
Psychopathic personalitynot insane 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL 80 69 12 1 32 2 196
185
STATE OF GEORGIA
TABLE No VIIC STATE HOSPITAL
CIVIL CONDITION OF FIRST ADMISSIONS DURING FISCAL YEAR ENDING
JUNE 30 1938
CLASSIFIED WITH REFERENCE TO PRINCIPAL PSYCHOSIS COLORED FEMALE POPULATION
PSYCHOSIS Single Married Wiowed Divorced Separated Not given Total
Traumatic 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Senile 0 2 1 0 0 0 3
With cerebral arteriosclerosis 0 5 4 0 2 0 11
With syphilitic meningoencephalitis With other forms of syphilis of the central 4 7 3 1 3 0 18
nervous system 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
Associated with organic changes of the nervous
system 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With other disturbances of circulation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to new growth 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to alcohol 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to drugs 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to other metabolicetcdiseases 1 3 1 0 1 0 6
Manic depressive 25 45 15 1 17 0 103
Dementia praecox 16 10 9 1 7 0 43
Paranoid condition 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With convulsive disorderepilepsy 5 1 2 1 3 0 12
Psychoneurosis or neurosis 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With psychopathic personality 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With mental deficiency 6 1 0 0 0 0 7
Unclassified 0 1 0 0 1 0 2
Not insane 1 1 0 0 0 0 2
Alcohol addictnot insane 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Drug addictnot insane 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mental deficiencynot insane 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Psychopathic personalitynot insane 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL 58 76 35 4 35 0 208
186
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
TABLE No VIII STATE HOSPITAL
CLASSIFIED OCCUPATION OF PATIENTS ADMITTED DURING THE FISCAL YEAR
ENDING JUNE 30 1938
WHITE COLORED TOTAL
M F M F
Farmers 147 8 59 3 217
Farm laborers 0 0 2 7 9
Gardeners 0 0 2 0 2
Saw mill laborers 2 0 2 0 4
Turpentine laborers 0 0 3 0 3
Wood choppers 0 0 1 0 1
Blacksmiths 0 0 1 0 1
Carpenters 4 0 2 0 6
Laborers 10 o 43 9 62
Lathers 0 o 1 0 1
Mechanics 6 0 2 0 8
Painters 1 o 2 o 3
Plasterers 0 o 1 o 1
Stone masons 1 0 0 0 1
Textile workers 18 3 0 0 21
Upholsterers 1 0 0 0 1
Barbers 4 o 2 o 6
Butchers 1 o 0 0 1
Boot blacks 0 0 2 0 2
Cafe operators f 1 0 0 0 1
Cooks 1 0 0 16 17
Dry cleaners 1 0 0 0 1
Housekeepers 0 126 0 75 201
Janitors 0 0 1 0 1
Maids 0 0 0 7 7
Night watchmen 1 0 0 0 1
Porters 0 0 2 0 2
Postmen 1 0 1 0 2
Photographers 2 0 0 0 2
Salesmen 11 0 0 0 11
Salesladies 0 2 0 0 2
STATE OF GEORGIA
187
TABLE No VIII Continued STATE HOSPITAL
CLASSIFIED OCCUPATION OF PATIENTS ADMITTED DURING THE FISCAL YEAR
ENDING JUNE 30 1938
WHITE COLO RED TOTAL
M F M F
Seamstresses 0 1 0 0 1
Truck drivers 1 0 4 0 5
Street car operators 1 0 0 0 1
Yaitfvrs 0 0 1 0 1
Washerwomen 0 0 0 8 8
I wyprp 4 0 0 0 4

Nnrpps 0 2 0 0 2
Tpflphprs 1 1 1 0 3
Gas station operators 1 0 0 0 1
Electricians 1 0 0 0 1
Merchants 9 0 0 0 9
Printprp 1 0 0 0 1
Railroad employees 1 0 0 0 1
Railroad switchmen 1 0 0 0 1
Railroad yard workmen 0 0 1 0 1
Stenographers 1 1 0 0 2
Collectors 0 1 0 0 1
Fishermen 1 0 0 0 1
Insurance agents 1 0 0 0 1
News agents 1 0 0 0 1
N one 206 223 88 132 649
Stndpnts 1 6 1 3 11
Undetermined 1 0 3 0 4
TOTAL 446 374 228 260 1308
188
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
TABLE No IX STATE HOSPITAL
ENVIRONMENT OF FIRST ADMISSIONS DURING FISCAL YEAR ENDING
JUNE 30 1938
CLASSIFIED WITH REFERENCE TO PRINCIPAL PSYCHOSIS WHITE POPULATION
PSYCHOSIS MALE FEMALE
Urban Rural Not given Total Urban Rural Not given Total
Traumatic 3 4 0 7 0 0 0 0
Senile 3 5 0 8 5 1 0 6
With cerebral arteriosclerosis 26 15 0 41 11 4 0 15
With syphilitic meningoencephalitis 27 4 0 31 7 3 0 10
With other forms of syphilis of the
central nervous system 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Associated with organic changes of the
nervous system 6 5 0 11 1 1 0 2
With other disturbances of circulation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to new growth 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
Due to alcohol 4 2 0 6 0 0 0 0
Due to drugs 3 0 0 3 7 1 0 8
Due to other metabolic etc diseases 2 3 0 5 1 4 0 5
Manic depressive 25 44 0 69 53 65 0 118
Dementia praecox 21 25 0 46 14 22 0 36
Paranoid condition 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With convulsive disorder epilepsy 12 6 0 18 6 7 0 13
Psychoneurosis or neurosis 2 3 0 5 0 0 0 0
With psychopathic personality 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1
With mental deficiency 12 22 0 34 12 22 0 34
Unclassified 9 6 0 15 1 0 0 1
Not insane 2 2 0 4 3 0 0 3
Alcohol addictnot insane 9 6 0 15 2 0 0 2
Drug addictnot insane 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
Mental deficiencynot insane 0 2 0 2 0 1 0 1
Psychopathic personalitynot insane 2 1 0 3 0 0 0 0
TOTAL 168 156 0 324 124 133 0 257
STATE OP GEORGIA
189
TABLE No IXA STATE HOSPITAL
ENVIRONMENT OF FIRST ADMISSIONS DURING FISCAL YEAR ENDING
JUNE 30 1938
CLASSIFIED WITH REFERENCE TO PRINCIPAL PSYCHOSIS COLORED POPULATION
MALE FEMALE
PSYCHOSIS Urban Rural Not given Total Urban v Ph Not given Total
Traumatic 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Senile 0 3 0 3 1 o j 0 3
With cerebral arteriosclerosis 13 8 0 21 4 7 0 11
With syphilitic meningoencephalitis 27 11 0 38 12 6 0 18
With other forms of syphilis of the 1
central nervous system 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
Associated with organic changes of the
nervous system 2 3 0 5 0 0 0 0
With other disturbances of circulation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to new growth 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to alcohol 3 0 0 3 0 0 0 0
Due to drugs 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to other metabolic etc diseases 5 1 0 6 3 3 0 6
Manic depressive 22 26 0 48 54 48 0 102
Dementia praecox 9 13 0 22 24 19 0 43
Paranoid condition 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With convulsive disorder epilepsy 4 4 0 8 5 7 0 12
Psychoneurosis or neurosis 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With psychopathic personality 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With mental deficiency 8 10 0 18 4 3 0 7
Unclassified 12 4 0 16 2 0 0 2
Not insane 1 4 0 5 1 1 0 2
Alcohol addictnot insane 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
Drug addictnot insane 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mental deficiencynot insane 0 2 0 2 0 0 0 0
Psychopathic personalitynot insane 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL 106 90 0 196 110 97 0 207
190
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
TABLE No X
STATE HOSPITAL
CAUSES OF DEATHS DURING FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30 1938
White Colored Total
M F M F
Abdominal carcinomatosis 1 0 0 0 1
Acute alcoholism 1 0 0 0 1
Acute cardiac dilatation 3 1 0 0 4
Acute gastric hemorrhage 2 0 0 0 2
Acute suppurative stomatitis 1 0 0 0 1
Arteriosclerosis 27 5 10 7 49
Carcinomabladder 2 0 0 0 2
Carcinoma breast 1 1 0 1 3
Carcinoma cervix 0 1 0 0 1
Carcinoma digestive tract 1 0 0 0 1
Carcinoma pancras 0 1 0 0 1
Carcinoma rectum 1 1 0 0 2
Carcinoma stomach 1 0 0 0 1
Carcio vascular renal disease 0 0 0 1 1
Cerebral hemorrhage 9 14 2 5 30
Cerebral syphilis 0 0 0 1 1
Cirrhosis of liver 2 0 0 0 2
Coronary thrombosis 1 1 0 0 2
Convulsions organic brain disease 0 1 0 0 1
Convulsions iuvenile paresis 0 1 0 0 1
Diarrhea and enteritis 2 1 1 1 5
Diabetic coma 0 1 0 0 1
Dysentery 0 2 0 1 3
Encephalitis 0 2 0 0 2
Endocarditis chronic 2 0 0 0 2
Epilepsy 8 2 6 1 17
Epithelioma cervix uteri 0 1 0 0 1
Erysipelas 0 1 0 0 1
Exhaustion from acute mental disease 3 6 3 15 27
Gangrene arm 1 0 0 0 1
General paralysis of the insane 20 2 34 6 62
Intestinal obstruction 0 1 0 1 2
Malignancy of lower intestines 0 0 1 0 1
STATE OF GEORGIA
191
TABLE No X Continued STATE HOSPITAL
CAUSES OF DEATHS DURING FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30 1938
White Colored
Total
M F M F
Myocarditis chronic 11 7 1 5 24
Nephritis chronic 2 2 0 2 6
Organic brain disease 2 0 1 1 4
Organic heart disease 5 4 0 0 9
Ppllpgrn 1 0 2 3 6

Pelvic abscess 1 0 0 0 1
Perforating gastric ulcer 0 1 0 0 1
Peritonitis 0 0 1 0 1
Pernicious anaemia 1 0 0 0 1
Pneumonia aspiration 1 0 0 0 1
Pneumonia broncho 27 5 12 6 50
Pneumonia lobar 2 5 1 1 9
Polypoid endometritis multiple fibromyomata 0 0 0 1 1
Pulmonary edema 1 0 0 1 2
Pulmonary tuberculosis 9 14 15 19 57
Sarcoma melanotic 0 1 0 0 1
Senility 1 0 0 1 2

Suicide burning 0 1 0 0 1
Suicide strangulation 1 1 0 0 2
Syphilis 0 0 0 1 1

Undetermined 3 0 2 3 8
TOTAL 157 87 92 84 420
192
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
TABLE No XI STATE HOSPITAL
DURATION OF HOSPITAL RESIDENCE OF PATIENTS DYING IN HOSPITAL DURING
FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30 1938 CLASSIFIED WITH REFERENCE TO PRINCIPAL PSYCHOSIS WHITE MALE POPULATION
PSYCHOSIS Under 1 month 1 to 6 months 6 to 12 months 1 to 2 years 2 to 5 years 5 to 10 years 10 to 20 years Over 20 years j Total
Traumatic 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2
Senile 0 3 3 0 1 1 0 0 8
With cerebral arteriosclerosis 2 5 8 12 9 3 1 0 40
With syphilitic meningoeneephalitis With other forms of syphilis of the central nervous 2 8 2 4 4 0 1 0 21
system 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
Associated with organic changes of the nervous
system 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 3
With other disturbances of circulation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to new growth 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to alcohol 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 4
Due to drugs 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to other metabolicetc diseases 0 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 4
Manic depressive 2 1 1 0 5 3 5 2 19
Dementia praecox 0 1 0 0 2 2 9 9 23
Paranoid condition 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2
With convulsive disorder epilepsv 1 0 0 0 4 3 4 2 14
Psychoneurosis or neurosis 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
With psychopathic personalitv 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With mental deficiency 0 0 0 0 3 2 4 3 12
Unclassified 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 3
TOTAL 10 23 15 20 31 16 24 18 157
STATE OF GEORGIA
193
TABLE No XIA STATE HOSPITAL
DURATION OF HOSPITAL RESIDENCE OF PATIENTS DYING IN HOSPITAL DURING
FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30 1938
CLASSIFIED WITH REFERENCE TO PRINCIPAL PSYCHOSIS
WHITE FEMALE POPULATION
PSYCHOSIS Under 1 month 1 to 6 months 6 to 12 months 1 to 2 years 2 to 5 years 5 to 10 years 10 to 20 years Over 20 years Total
Traumatic 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Senile 1 0 2 3 2 1 0 0 9
With cerebral arteriosclerosis 1 3 2 0 3 2 1 0 12
With syphilitic meningoencephalitis With other forms of syphilis of the central nervous 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 3
system 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Associated with organic changes of the nervous
system 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 3
vVith other disturbances of circulation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to new growth 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
Due to alcohol 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to drugs 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to metabolic etc diseases 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Manic depressive 1 3 1 0 5 5 6 3 24
Dementia praecox 0 0 0 0 1 3 7 4 15
Paranoid condition 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
With convulsive disorder epilepsy 0 0 0 0 1 0 4 4 9
Psychoneurosis or neurosis 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
With pshychopathic personality 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With mental deficiency 0 1 0 1 0 2 2 2 8
Unclassified 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
TOTAL 5 7 6 5 14 14 21 15 87
194
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
TABLE No XIB STATE HOSPITAL
DURATION OF HOSPITAL RESIDENCE OF PATIENTS DYING IN HOSPITAL DURING
FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30 1938
CLASSIFIED WITH REFERENCE TO PRINCIPAL PSYCHOSIS
COLORED MALE POPULATION
PSYCHOSIS Under 1 month 1 1 to 6 months J 6 to 12 months 1 to 2 years 2 to 5 years 5 to 10 years 10 to 20 years J Over 20 years j Total
Traumatic 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Senile r 3 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 4
With cerebral arteriosclerosis 2 3 1 2 2 0 3 0 13
With syphilitic meningoencephalitis With other forms of syphilis of the central nervous 3 10 7 10 3 1 2 0 36
system 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Associated with organic changes of the nervous
system 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
With other disturbances of circulation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to new growth 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to alcohol 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to drugs 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to other metabolic etc diseases 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2
Manic depressive 0 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 9
Dementia praecox 1 0 0 1 3 0 3 0 8
Paranoid condition 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With convulsive disorder epilepsy 0 1 0 1 3 1 0 0 6
Psychoneurosis or neurosis 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With psychopathic personality 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With mental deficiency L 0 0 0 0 3 0 4 1 8
Unclassified 2 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 5
TOTAL 13 15 11 17 16 5 13 2 92
STATE 43F GEORGIA
195
TABLE No XIC STATE HOSPITAL
DURATION OF HOSPITAL RESIDENCE OF PATIENTS DYING IN HOSPITAL DURING
FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30 1938
CLASSIFIED WITH REFERENCE TO PRINCIPAL PSYCHOSIS
COLORED FEMALE POPULATION
PSYCHOSIS Under 1 month 1 to 6 months 6 to 12 months 1 to 2 years 2 to 5 years 5 to 10 years 10 to 20 years Over 20 years J Total
Traumatic 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Senile 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 3
With cerebral arteriosclerosis 1 2 3 2 2 1 2 0 13
With syphilitic meningoencephalitis With other forms of syphilis of the central nervous 1 2 1 0 1 1 1 0 7
system 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
Associated with organic changes of the nervous
system 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With other disturbances of circulation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to new growth 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to alcohol 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to drugs 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to other metabolic etc diseases 2 2 0 0 2 0 0 0 6
Manic depressive 12 7 8 0 1 2 1 1 32
Dementia praecox 0 1 0 3 4 3 3 3 17
Paranoid condition 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With convulsive disorder epilepsy 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
Psychoneurosis or neurosis 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With psychopathic personality 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With mental deficiency 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 2
Unclassified 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2
TOTAL 18 15 13 6 12 7 8 5 84
196
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
TABLE No XII STATE HOSPITAL
AGES OF PATIENTS AT TIME OF DEATH DURING FISCAL YEAR ENDING
JUNE 30 1938
CLASSIFIED WITH REFERENCE TO PRINCIPAL PSYCHOSIS WHITE MALE POPULATION
PSYCHOSIS UN DER 20 20 TO 30 30 TO 40 40 TO 50 50 TO 60 60 TO 70 OVER 70 NOT GIV EN TOTAL
Traumatic 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 2
Senile 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 8
With cerebral arteriosclerosis 0 0 0 1 7 20 12 0 40
With syphilitic meningo
encephalitis 2 0 5 4 8 2 0 0 21
With other forms of syphilis of
the central nervous system 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
Associated with organic changes
of the nervous system 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 3
With other disturbances of
circulation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to new growth 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to alcohol 0 1 2 0 0 1 0 0 4
Due to drugs 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to other metabolic etc
diseases 0 0 1 0 1 2 0 0 4
Manic depressive 0 2 0 0 3 6 8 0 19
Dementia praecox 0 0 2 4 2 7 6 2 23
Paranoid condition 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 2
With convulsive disorder
epilepsy 1 5 3 0 3 2 0 0 14
Psychoneurosis or neurosis 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
With psychopathic personality 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 u
With mental deficiency 0 1 2 2 7 0 0 0 1Z
Unclassified 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 3
TOTAL 3 9 16 13 36 43 34 3 157
STATE OF GEORGIA
197
TABLE No XIIA STATE HOSPITAL
AGES OF PATIENTS AT TIME OF DEATH DURING FISCAL YEAR ENDING
JUNE 30 1938
CLASSIFIED WITH REFERENCE TO PRINCIPAL PSYCHOSIS WHITE FEMALE POPULATION
PSYCHOSIS UN DER 20 20 TO 30 30 TO 40 40 TO 50 50 TO 60 60 TO 70 OVER 70 NOT GIV EN TOTAL
Traumatic 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Senile 0 0 0 0 0 2 7 0 9
With cerebral arteriosclerosis With syphilitic meningo 0 0 0 0 0 3 9 0 12
encephalitis With other forms of syphilis of 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 3
the central nervous system 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Associated with organic changes 3
of the nervous system With other disturbances of 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0
circulation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to new growth 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
Due to alcohol 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due t o drugs 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to other metabolic etc
diseases 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Manic depressive 0 0 3 2 10 7 2 0 24
Dementia praecox 0 0 2 5 1 4 2 1 15
Paranoid condition With convulsive disorder 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
epilepsy 0 2 1 1 1 3 1 0 9
Psychoneurosis or neurosis 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
With psychopathic personality 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With mental deficiency 0 0 3 2 1 1 1 0 8
Unclassified 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
TOTAL 0 3 12 11 16 21 23 1 87
198
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
TABLE No XIIB STATE HOSPITAL
AGES OF PATIENTS AT TIME OF DEATH DURING FISCAL YEAR ENDING
JUNE 30 1938
CLASSIFIED WITH REFERENCE TO PRINCIPAL PSYCHOSIS COLORED MALE POPULATION
PSYCHOSIS UN DER 20 20 TO 30 30 TO 40 40 TO 50 50 TO 60 60 TO 70 OVER 70 NOT GIV EN TOTAL
Traumatic 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Senile 0 0 0 0 2 1 1 0 4
With cerebral arteriosclerosis With syphilitic meningo 0 0 0 0 1 10 2 0 13
encephalitis With other forms of syphilis of 1 3 13 5 9 3 1 1 36
the central nervous system 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Associated with organic changes
of the nervous system With other disturbances of 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
circulation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to new growth 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to alcohol 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to drugs 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to other metabolic etc
diseases 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 2
Manic depressive 0 1 1 2 2 2 1 0 9
Dementia praecox 0 1 6 1 0 0 0 0 8
Paranoid condition With convulsive disorder 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
epilepsy 1 3 0 0 2 0 0 0 6
Psychoneurosis or neurosis 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With psychopathic personality 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With mental deficiency 0 0 2 3 2 1 0 0 8
Unclassified 0 1 1 2 1 0 0 0 5
TOTAL 2 9 23 14 20 18 5 1 92
STATE OF GEORGIA
199
TABLE No XIIC STATE HOSPITAL
AGES OF PATIENTS AT TIME OF DEATH DURING FISCAL YEAR ENDING
JUNE 30 1938
CLASSIFIED WITH REFERENCE TO PRINCIPAL PSYCHOSIS COLORED FEMALE POPULATION
PSYCHOSIS UN DER 20 20 TO 30 30 TO 40 40 TO 50 50 TO 60 60 TO 70 OVER 70 NOT GIV EN TOTAL
Traumatic 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Senile 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 3
With cerebral arteriosclerosis 0 0 0 2 2 4 5 0 13
With syphilitic meningoencephalitis 0 0 1 2 2 2 0 0 7
With other forms of syphilis of the central nervous system 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
Associated with organic changes
of the nervous system 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With other distrubances of circulation 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to new growth 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to alcohol 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to drugs 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Due to other metabolic etc
diseases 0 1 4 1 0 0 0 0 6
Manic depressive 0 7 11 12 1 1 0 0 32
Dementia praecox 0 3 5 2 1 3 2 1 17
Paranoid condition 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With convulsive disorder epilepsy 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
Psychoneurosis or neurosis 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With psychopathic personality 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
With mental deficiency 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 2
Unclassified 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 2
TOTAL 2 12 22 21 6 13 7 1 84
200
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
TABLE No XIII
STATE HOSPITAL
ADMISSIONS FROM VARIOUS COUNTIES FOR FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30 1938
WHITE COLORED
TOTAL
M F M F
Appling 2 3 2 0 7
Bacon 3 0 o 1 4
Baker 0 3 1 o 4
Baldwin 2 4 7 7 20
Banks 1 3 0 0 4
Bartow 5 1 0 1 7
Barrow 4 1 o 0 5
Ben Hill 3 1 1 o 5
Berrien 3 2 1 o 6
Bibb 11 11 7 14 43
Bleckley 0 3 1 2 6
Brantley 0 1 1 0 2
Brooks 4 4 3 1 12
Bryan 2 0 1 1 4
Bullock 4 2 1 2 9
Burke 2 1 2 2 7
Butts 1 2 1 0 4
Calhoun 0 0 1 1 2
Camden 0 0 1 0 1
Candler 1 3 0 0 4
Carroll 10 5 2 5 22
Catoosa 4 0 0 0 4
Chatham 18 16 22 29 85
Chattahoochee 1 1 0 0 2
Chattooga 5 4 1 1 11
Cherokee 5 2 0 0 7
Clarke 1 5 3 2 11
Clay 0 1 0 0 1
Clayton 1 0 1 0 2
Clinch 1 0 1 1 3
Cobb 8 6 1 3 18
Coffee 2 1 3 1 7
Colquitt 3 6 1 2 12
Columbia 1 0 0 2 3
Cook 3 2 1 1 7

STATE OF GEORGIA
201
TABLE No XIII Continued
STATE HOSPITAL
ADMISSIONS FROM VARIOUS COUNTIES FOR FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30 1938
Coweta WHITE COLORED TOTAL
M F M F
4 3 1 0 8
Crawford 2 1 1 1 5
Dawson 1 0 0 0 1
Decatur 1 0 1 3 5
DeKalb 12 15 1 2 30
Dodge 4 2 3 2 11
Dooly 4 0 2 2 8
Dougherty 1 0 5 3 9
Douglas 0 3 0 0 3
Early 0 1 1 1 3
Echols 0 0 0 2 2
Effingham 1 0 1 0 2
Elbert 2 1 2 1 6
Emanuel 6 1 1 0 8
Evans 0 0 1 2 3
Fannin 3 0 0 0 3
Fayette 3 1 2 0 6
Floyd 12 9 2 1 24
Forsyth 0 4 0 0 4
Franklin 1 3 0 0 4
Fulton 55 44 26 31 156
Gilmer 1 4 0 0 5
Glascock 2 2 0 0 4
Glynn 2 0 3 2 7
Gordon 1 6 0 0 7
Grady 1 2 1 2 6

Greene 2 2 1 4 9
Gwinnett 6 6 0 1 13
Habersham 5 2 0 1 8
Hall 1 5 1 1 8
Hancock 1 1 2 2 6
Haralson 6 4 0 0 10
Harris 0 0 3 0 3
Hart 0 3 0 2 5
Heard 2 3 1 0 6
202
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
TABLE No XIII Continued STATE HOSPITAL
ADMISSIONS FROM VARIOUS COUNTIES FOR FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30 1938
WHITE COLORED
TOTAL

M F M F
Henry 3 0 0 3 6
Houston 3 2 1 1 7
Irwin 1 0 0 1 2
Jackson 1 7 0 3 11
Jasper 3 0 1 0 4

Jeff Davis 3 0 1 1 5
Jefferson 5 3 2 3 13
Jenkins 0 1 2 3 6
Johnson 3 2 1 1 7
Jones 1 0 0 0 1
Lamar 4 2 2 2 10
Lanier 1 0 0 2 3
Finirons 6 6 2 3 17
3 0 0 1 4
Liberty 0 0 1 2 3

Lincoln 2 1 1 0 4
T iOwndos 3 2 0 1 6
Lumpkin 1 2 0 0 3
Macon 0 2 2 2 6
Madison 2 3 0 1 6
Marion 0 0 0 1 1
MeDiiffie 2 1 1 0 4
MeTntnsh 0 0 1 0 1
Meriwether 4 2 2 2 10
Miller 1 0 2 0 3
Mitchell 3 1 3 2 9
Monrop 0 0 0 3 3
Montgomery 2 2 2 0 6
Morgan 1 1 4 2 8
Murray 2 2 0 0 4

Museogee 12 6 3 8 29
N eWtoti 3 2 2 1 8
Oconee i 1 1 0 0 2
Oglethorpe 2 1 2 0 5
Paulding 3 4 0 1 8
STATE OF GEORGIA
203
TABLE No XIII Continued
STATE HOSPITAL
ADMISSIONS FROM VARIOUS COUNTIES FOR FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE
30 1938
White Colored Total
M F M F
Peach 3 1 0 4 8
Pickens 0 1 0 0 1
Pierce 1 2 0 1 4
Pike 0 0 1 0 1
Polk 5 3 0 0 8
Pulaski 0 1 1 2 4
Putnam 2 3 1 3 9
Quitman 0 0 1 0 1
Rabun 2 1 0 0 3
Randolph 2 2 3 4 11

Richmond 11 8 6 11 36
Rockdale 2 0 1 0 3
Schley 0 1 0 1 2
Screven 1 3 6 4 14
Seminole 0 1 0 1 2
Spalding 5 6 2 6 19
Stephens 5 4 1 0 10
Stewart 2 1 2 1 6
Sumter 1 3 4 1 9
Talbot 1 2 1 1 5
Taliaferro 1 1 0 2 4
Tattnall 2 1 1 1 5
Taylor 2 0 2 0 4
Telfair 4 2 3 2 11
Terrell 0 1 0 1 2
Thomas 7 2 1 2 12
Tift 3 3 1 0 7
Toombs 1 5 0 0 6
Towns 1 1 0 0 2
Treutlen 1 0 0 0 1
Troup 7 5 4 2 18
Turner 1 2 0 0 3
Twiffgs 4 1 2 0 7
Union 3 0 0 0 3
Upson 6 2 2 1 11
204
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
TABLE No XIII Continued STATE HOSPITAL
ADMISSIONS FROM VARIOUS COUNTIES FOR FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE
30 1938
White Colored
Total
M F M F
Walker 2 5 0 1 8
Walton 2 2 1 1 6
Ware 6 4 2 1 13
Warren 0 0 2 3 5
Washington 1 0 0 0 1
Wayne 0 1 0 1 2

Webster 0 0 1 0 1
Wheeler 2 2 2 2 8
White 2 0 0 0 2
Whitfield 3 5 1 1 10
Wilcox 5 1 4 1 11
Wilkes 0 1 0 3 4
Wilkinson 0 6 3 0 9
Worth 3 0 0 0 3
TOTAL 446 374 228 260 1308
STATE OF GEORGIA
205
TABLE No XIV STATE HOSPITAL
DIAGNOSTIC GROUPING OF ALL ADMISSIONS DURING FIRST SIX MONTHS OF 1937
PSYCHOSIS WHITE COLORED TOTAL
M F M F
Traumatic 2 0 1 0 3 32
Senile 13 9 8 9 31 414
With cerebral arteriosclerosis 39 11 14 6 70 744
With syphilitic meningoencephalitis With other forms of syphilis of the central nervous 24 7 31 21 83 881
system 0 0 0 1 1 10
Associated with organic changes of the nervous
system 6 11 0 3 20 212
With other disturbances of circulation 1 0 0 0 1 10
With other infectious diseases 1 0 0 0 1 10
Due to alcohol 13 1 1 0 15 159
Due to drugs 0 9 0 0 9 97
Due to other metabolic etc diseases 5 2 2 10 19 202
Manic depressive 77 143 49 81 350 3719
Dementia praecox 38 33 13 27 111 1170
Paranoid 0 0 0 0 0 0
With convulsive disorder epilepsy 21 21 11 8 61 648
Psychoneurosis 2 4 0 1 7 73
With psychopathic personality 2 3 0 0 5 52
With mental deficiency 28 21 13 8 70 744
Unclassified 27 8 16 0 51 542
Not insane 2 1 1 0 4 42
Alcohol addictnot insane 13 1 0 0 14 148
Mental deficiencynot insane 0 0 1 0 1 10
Psychopathic personalitynot insane 5 1 0 0 6 65
TOTAL 319 286 161 175 941 9984
206
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
TABLE No XIVA STATE HOSPITAL
DIAGNOSTIC GROUPING OF FIRST ADMISSIONS DURING FIRST SIX MONTHS OF 1937
PSYCHOSIS WHITE COLORED TOTAL
M F M F
Traumatic 2 0 1 0 3
12 8 8 8 36
With cerebral arteriosclerosis 34 9 14 6 63
With syphilitic meningoencephalitis 21 6 30 21 78
With other forms of syphilis of the central nervous system 0 0 0 1 1
Associated with organic changes of the nervous system 5 9 0 3 17
With other disturbances of circulation 1 0 0 0 1
With other infectious diseases 1 0 0 0 1
Due to alcohol 13 1 0 0 14
Due to drugs 0 9 0 0 9
Due to other metabolic etc diseases 3 1 2 10 16
Manic depressive 52 95 36 65 248
Dementia praecox 29 21 10 24 84
0 0 0 0 0
With convulsive disorder epilepsy 19 17 11 8 55
Psychoneurosis 1 3 0 1 5
With psychopathic personality 2 2 0 0 4
With mental deficiency 28 17 13 8 66
Unclassified 25 7 16 0 48
Not insane 2 1 1 0 4
Alcohol addictnot insane 11 1 0 0 12
Mental deficiencynot insane 0 0 1 0 1
Psychopathic personalitynot insane 3 0 0 0 3
TOTAL 264 207 143 155 769
STATE OF GEORGIA
207
TABLE No XIVB STATE HOSPITAL
DIAGNOSTIC GROUPING OF READMISSIONS DURING FIRST SIX MONTHS OF 1937
PSYCHOSIS WHITE COLORED TOTAL
M F M F
Traumatic 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 0 1 3
With cerebral arteriosclerosis 5 2 0 0 7
With syphilitic meningoencephalitis 3 1 1 0 5
With other forms of syphilis of the central nervous system 0 0 0 0 0
Associated with organic changes of the nervous system 1 2 0 0 3
With other disturbances of circulation 0 0 0 0 0
With other infectious diseases 0 0 0 0 0
Due to alcohol 0 0 1 0 1
Due to drugs 0 0 0 0 0
Due to other metabolic etc diseases 2 1 0 0 3
Manic depressive 25 48 13 16 102
Dementia praecox 9 12 3 3 27
Paranoid 0 0 0 0 0
With convulsive disorders epilepsy 2 4 0 0 6
Psychoneurosis 1 1 0 0 2
With psychopathic personality r 0 1 0 0 1
With mental deficiency 0 4 0 0 4
Unclassified 2 1 0 0 3
Not insane 0 0 0 0 0
Alcohol addictnot insane 2 0 0 0 2
Mental deficiencynot insane 0 0 0 0 0
Psychopathic personalitynot insane 2 1 0 0 3
TOTAL 55 79 18 20 172
Dr Edw W Schwall Superintendent
GEORGIA TRAINING SCHOOL FOR MENTAL DEFECTIVES Grace wood Ga
The Administration Building of the Georgia Training School for Mental Defectives houses the Administrative offices the dental clinic the telephone exchange auditorium and main dining room and kitchen The Institution is located at a high altitude near Augusta and the grounds are among the most beautifully kept of the State Institutions
210 DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
I
OPERATIONS 19371938
Establishment of the Georgia Training School for Mental Defectives came about after a special study of conditions in Georgia authorized in 1919 The legislature of that year empowered the Hon Hugh M Dorsey who at that time was Governor to appoint a committee to investigate and report such facts and figures as they might secure and make recommendations deemed suitable to relieve the State of the uncared for feebleminded At the request of this special committee Dr V V Anderson of the National Committee for Mental Hygiene conducted the survey
From information secured by Dr Anderson 35 per cent of the children in schools examined were feebleminded 17 per cent of juvenile delinquents studied were mentally defective 175 per cent of the inmates of the State prison were feebleminded 40 per cent of the inmates of the almshouses were feebleminded and of the immoral women examined 435 per cent were definitely mentally defective
Acting upon the committees survey the Legislature of 1919 passed an Act establishing a Training School for Mental Defectives and appropriated the sum of 10000000 for the erection of a suitable institution and purchase of necessary lands
A year later the State purchased the property of the TuttleNewton Orphanage situated eight and onehalf miles South of Augusta just off the Waynesboro Road consisting of three hundred and twentyfive acres of land and a plant of eight buildings of reinforced concrete construction also several frame structures Included in the list of buildings were three dormitories an administration building school building employees cottage dairy barn and cold storage The frame buildings were barns storage rooms and other auxiliary structures After some delay required to make necessary repairs the Georgia Training School for Mental Defectives was opened and received its first inmate July 5 1921
It was soon realized that in order to operate more economically better land was needed therefore the Legislature of 1929 authorized the purchase of additional tract of land of four hundred and fifty acres situated on the Old Savannah Road two and onehalf miles nearer Augusta In all the institution owns seven hundred and seventyfive acres of land and with the improvements and additions represents an investment by the State of at least 30000000
From a beginning seventeen years ago with one case the institution finished the present fiscal year with three hundred and thirtysix cases enrolled From January 1 1937 to June 30 1937 fiftythree females and four males were admitted and two males and five females discharged with one death During the present fiscal year ending June 30 1938 thirtynine females and twenty males were received and ten males and twentyone females were discharged with three deaths During the eighteenmonth period covered by this report new cases amount to one hundred and sixteen and discharges number thirtyeight with four deaths The large increase in the female cases was due to the completion of the Girls Dormitory No 5 which was opened in April and allowed reception of applicants from the female waiting list to be resumed Many of the cases received applied in 1929 With the additional room and by careful checking of the waiting list the number of applications was reduced from over seven hundred to approximately three hundred and fifty with reception of female cases reaching applications filed prior to June 1937 Many new applications have been added however during the past year and the waiting list at present numbers four hundred
The general health of the inmates of the institution as a whole has been good and the death rate has remained constantly low A serious epidemic of scarlet fever developed in the Girls Cottage No 9 in January of this year after one of the inmates showed signs of the disease a few days after
212
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
returning from her Christmas vacation Since no hospital nor infirmary was available it was necessary to isolate the entire cottage of eightyfive inmates and only six cases of scarlet fever developed Another child returning from her Christmas vacation shortly developed chickenpox which spread to several of the cottages and there was a number of cases all except one however being mild
The training of the inmates is the major purpose and concern of the institution and every effort is made to give each child every opportunity to advance as far as his or her mentality will allow and the institution is proud of the many cases discharged from and now making their own living and adjusting themselves satisfactorily to their environment
The school continues throughout the year and although ungraded since many inmates can do only first grade work in some subjects while doing fifth or sixth grade work in others is operated very much like the public schools the children beginning with kindergarten work and advancing as fast as they are able
In addition to the school work the girls are taught housekeeping meal planning cooking steam laundry operation operation of telephone exchange sewing embroidery and hemstitching The boys are taught in addition to their school work farming gardening and dairying
Despite the fact that onethird of the population is composed of untrainable custodial cases incapable of receiving any of the training described twenty inmates were placed during the past eighteen months either in their own communities and homes or in other places where employment could be secured These are adapting satisfactorily and are selfsupporting entirely in most instances
In order to keep the inmates of the institution happy and contented every effort is made to provide wholesome entertainment for them From profits derived from the sale of soft drinks and candy sound films are rented and at least twice each month a movie followed by a party is given in the auditorium On Saturday nights the boys who work on the farm and about the institution are carried to a moving picture show in Augusta the institution supplying the small charge for each boy The girls also attend shows in Augusta once or twice each month as guests of the theaters Each Thursday night chapel exercises are held by the Chaplain and religious services are also held on two Sundays of each month Since a new Chaplain is used each month many of the church organizations help the Chaplain with the services and thereby vary the routine
In the way of improvements repairs and new construction the institution has been quite fortunate in securing the wholehearted cooperation of the Works Progress Administration not only in erecting new buildings but in installing equipment and repairing the old structures The more important improvements which have been accomplished within the period covered by this report include
In February of 1937 modern dental equipment was installed allowing the old foot treadle type dental drill and ordinary straight chair to be discarded Although the dentist serves the institution only fifteen houjs each month the dental report shows the large amount of work that may be accomplished with proper equipment At the same time the dental equipment including chair unit sterilizer and cabinet was installed furniture was purchased for the examining and treatment room comprising operating table instrument cabinet waste receptacle and scales
In March 1937 the old ammonia ice and cold storage plant was replaced by a late model Freon outfit consisting of two machines one to manufacture ice and another to care for the storage rooms The ice making capacity was increased fivefold and the cold storage space threefold
In March also the construction of a Boys Dormitory at the Circular Court farm was undertaken This building providing space for one hundred and fifty new male cases was completed in
STATE OF GEORGIA
213
Most of the buildings at the Gracewood Institution are of concrete construction At top is shown the dormitory for large girls and below a typical dormitory interior scene
214
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
November and the sewerage system was installed in April and May 1938 At present there is not a suitable water supply nor sufficient maintenance to provide for the additional cases this building can accommodate It is possible that the City of Augusta will lay a water main to the building thereby providing not only an abundant water supply but fire protection as well
During the Spring and Summer of 1937 the old concrete dairy barn was converted into an attractive Dormitory and in September the large boys were moved into this building from the auditorium in the main building which they had occupied for several years As soon as the auditorium was available a stage was constructed and a moving picture projector installed giving the inmates the benefit of education and entertainment offered by a variety of sound films
In October 1937 construction of concrete walks between the various buildings was begun and before the project ended in January 1938 most of the important walks were completed making an addition to the property of considerable beauty and utility
During November and December 1937 a large barn was constructed at Gracewood in a more suitable location thereby allowing the old barn next to the Boys Dormitory to be torn down The concrete bins in the new barn are ideal for storage of grain and other produce
Late in December 1937 construction of an Assistant Physicians residence was undertaken and work continued until its completion in April 1938 At such time as the institutions finances allow the superintendent recommends that an Assistant Physician be secured in order to provide a more efficient medical service to the inmates
Plans for future improvements are under way at present consisting of the erection of a modern fireproof Hospital building of brick and tile construction with a capacity of fifty beds and the erection of a fireproof Dormitory to care for the custodial cases occupying the frame dormitories An additional water supply is also contemplated
Farm production has been good during 1937 and 1938 and enough vegetables to supply the institutions needs were raised In addition to the vegetable crops the following farm products were harvested in 1937 wheat 215 bushels corn 6446 bushels cotton 72 bales oats 2500 bushels rye 145 bushels So far in 1938 the following products have been gathered wheat 422 bushels oats 3870 bushels rye 110 bushels This does not include forty acres of oats that were cut for feed
The production of milk although not abundant has filled the needs of the institution without the purchase of an additional supply Thirty cows are being milked at present However this should be increased as soon as funds are available to forty and whenever the new Boys Dormitory is opened to at least fifty All feed for the herd is mixed from products raised by the institution The ingredients consist of oats and corn ground in a hammer mill and mixed with wheat bran bone meal salt and cottonseed meal The bone meal salt and at times wheat bran have to be purchased
In his annual report to the State Board the Superintendent recommended the following in order to increase the usefulness safety and efficiency of the institution
1 That the Legislature provide sufficient revenue so that the institutions appropriation can be paid in full thereby allowing the new Boys Dormitory to be opened and new cases received from the male waiting list which extends as far back as 1929
2 Funds be provided to cover the States share of the materials on the proposed Hospital building This amounts to approximately 3000000
3 Erection of a fireproof Dormitory for the care of the custodial cases now housed in two frame dormitories This would avoid certain loss of life should fire originate in either of these buildings
STATE OF GEORGIA
215
4 Secure a full time Assistant Physician so that the examination classification and treatment of the inmates can be carried out more efficiently
5 Installation of an auxiliary water system at Gracewood to supplement the present pump and well which continually give trouble and yet furnish nothing in the way of fire protection
The everpresent waiting list for admissions at the Institution has lead the State Department to make plans for turning over to the Child Welfare Division some supervision over intake at the institution This supervision would be for the purpose of excluding from the institution children from families financially able to make other provisions for their children either through private care or through private institutions Likewise the Child Welfare Division will be called upon to make efforts toward removing as many custodial cases as possible finding private care for this type of child for whom the institution can hope to do no good The larger the number of custodial cases the larger the number of children precluded from having beneficial training at the Institution
216
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
Custodial cases are separated from those children to whom training can be given The quarters for custodial girls are shown at top and for boys below
STATE OF GEORGIA
217
STATISTICAL REPORT
GEORGIA TRAINING SCHOOL FOR MENTAL DEFECTIVES JANUARY 1 1937DECEMBER 31 1937
MOVEMENT OF PATIENT POPULATION 1 On books of institution at beginning of institutional year
MALES FEMALES TOTAL
In institution 132 130 262
Away from institution 0 0 0
TOTAL 132 130 262
2 Received during year 15 83 98
3 Total on books during year 147 213 360
4 Discharged
a Into community 5 14 19
b To all other institutions i 2 2 4
c Died 1 3
138 196 334
Total number of patients December 31 1937 334
Average daily population 304
MENTAL STATUS OF FIRST ADMISSIONS AND READMISSIONS JANUARY 1 1937DECEMBER 31 1937
TOTAL 1st admissions READMISSIONS
MENTAL STATUS M F T M F T M F T
Idiot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Imbecile 13 53 66 12 53 65 1 0 1
Moron 2 30 32 2 30 32 0 0 0
TOTAL 15 83 98 14 83 97 1 0 1
218
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
CENSUS OF PATIENT POPULATION AT END OF YEAR IN INSTITUTION
Feebleminded not epileptics MALES 131 7 FEMALES 186 10 TOTAL 317 17
0 0 0

TOTAL 139 196 334
AGE OF FIRST ADMISSIONS CLASSIFIED WITH REFERENCE TO MENTAL STATUS
DURING YEAR 1937
TOTAL IDIOT IMBECILE MORON NOT 11 FEEI INDE LE D
AGE GROUP M F T M F T M F T M F T M F T
Under 10 years 2 7 9 0 0 0 2 6 8 0 1 1 0 0 0
10 to 14 years 6 32 38 0 0 0 5 20 25 1 12 13 0 0 0
15 to 19 years 7 43 50 0 0 0 6 27 33 1 16 17 0 0 0
20 to 24 years 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0
TOTAL 15 83 98 0 0 0 13 53 66 2 30 32 0 0 0
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219
ENVIRONMENT OF FIRST ADMISSIONS CLASSIFIED WITH REFERENCE TO MENTAL STATUS DURING YEAR 1937
TOTAL IDIOT IMBECILE MORONS
ENVIRONMENT M F T M F T M F T M F T
Urban 11 42 53 0 0 0 10 20 30 1 22 23
Rural 4 41 45 0 0 0 2 34 36 2 7 9
TOTAL 15 83 98 0 0 0 12 54 66 3 29 32
DISCHARGES CLASSIFIED WITH REFERENCE TO MENTAL STATUS AND
CHRONOLOGICAL AGE
DURING YEAR 1937
TOTAL IDIOT IMBECILE MORON
AGE GROUP M F T M F T M F T M F T
Under 10 years 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 to 14 years 1 3 4 0 0 0 1 2 3 0 1 1
15 to 19 years 4 11 15 0 0 0 3 4 7 1 7 8
20 to 24 years 1 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2
25 to 29 years 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1
TOTAL 6 17 23 0 0 0 4 7 11 2 10 12
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
220
STATISTICAL REPORT
GEORGIA TRAINING SCHOOL FOR MENTAL DEFECTIVES January 1 1938June 30 1938 MOVEMENT OF TOTAL PATIENT POPULATION
1 On books of institution ac beginning of January 1938
2
3
4
In institution
Away from institution
TOTAL
Received during year January to July 1938
Total on books January to July 1938
Discharged
a Into community
b To all other institutions
c Died
MALES FEMALES TOTAL
138 196 334
0 0 0
138 196 334
9 9 18
147 205 352
3 9 12
3 0 3
0 1 1
141 195 336
Total number of patients June 30 1938336
MENTAL STATUS OF FIRST ADMISSIONS AND READMISSIONS January 1 1938June 30 1938
TOTAL 1st ADMISSIONS RE ADMISSIONS
MENTAL STATUS M F T M F T M F T
Idiot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Imbecile 3 7 10 3 7 10 0 0 0
Moron 6 2 8 I 6 2 8 0 0 0
TOTAL 9 9 18 9 9 18 0 1 0 0
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221
CENSUS OF PATIENT POPULATION
January 1 1938June 30 1938 IN INSTITUTION
Feebleminded not epileptics
Feebleminded epileptics
Epileptics not feebleminded
MALES FEMALES TOTAL
135 185 320
6 10 16
0 0 0
141 195 336
TABLE No 7
AGE OF FIRST ADMISSIONS CLASSIFIED WITH REFERENCE TO MENTAL STATUS
January 1 1938June 30 1938
TOTAL IDIOT IMBECILE MORON
AGE GROUP M F T M F T M F T M F T
Under 10 years 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0
10 to 14 years 5 2 7 0 0 0 2 1 3 3 1 4
15 to 18 years 4 5 9 0 0 0 1 4 5 3 1 4
TOTAL 9 9 18 0 0 0 3 7 10 6 2 8
222
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
ENVIRONMENT OF FIRST ADMISSIONS CLASSIFIED WITH REFERENCE TO
MENTAL STATUS
January 1 1938June 30 1938
rOTAI IDIOT IM BECI LiE i ORO N
ENVIRONMENT M F T M F T M F T M F T
Urban 7 5 12 0 0 0 2 3 5 5 2 7
Rural 2 4 6 0 0 0 1 4 5 1 0 1
TOTAL 9 9 18 0 0 0 3 7 10 6 2 8
DISCHARGES CLASSIFIED WITH REFERENCE TO MENTAL STATUS AND
CHRONOLOGICAL AGE
January 1 1938June 30 1938
TOTAL IDIOT IMBECILE MORON
AGE GROUP M F T M F T M F T M F T
Under 10 years 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 to 14 years 1 1 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1
15 to 19 years 3 5 8 0 0 0 3 4 7 0 1 1
20 to 24 years 1 2 3 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 2 2
25 to 29 years 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0
29 to 34 years 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
TOTAL 6 9 15 0 0 0 5 5 10 1 4 5
W EIreland Superintendent
GEORGIA TRAINING SCHOOL FOR BOYS
Milledgeville Ga
at
Milledgeville a cor
Above is shown the white dormitory and administration building for the Georgia Training School for Boys
rectional institution scheduled for vast expansion under a new building program
224 DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
C H Hollingsworth M A Superintendent
GEORGIA SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF
Cave Spring Ga
Beginning pupils at the Georgia School for the Deaf learn to talk by feeling the teachers voice and then imitating it Speech and lipreading are two of the principal means of teaching language to deaf children
248 DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
1
GEORGIA SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF By C H Hollingsworth M A
Superintendent
This our Annual Report is designed to give a clear insight into the functions purposes and needs of the Georgia School for the Deaf
We feel that the progress that has been made this year towards a definite and adequate goal coupled with a generous amount of publicity advertising our great needs justifies and demands an instructional treatment With this premise in mind reports from the Academic and Vocational Principals become an integral part of this presentation Vocational Agriculture and Home Economics as new departments in our vocational field receive the same consideration
To gain the proper perspective a short summary of the history of the Georgia School for the Deaf seems essential to this study
Education of the deaf in the State of Georgia began 104 years ago when in 1834 Mr Louis Weld then principal of the American School for the Deaf at Hartford Connecticut visited Georgia with a class of pupils and gave a demonstration before the General Assembly at Milledgeville for the purpose of arousing interest in the deaf and their welfare As a result of Mr Welds influence an appropriation of 3000 was voted to be used in sending deaf children from Georgia to the school at Hartford Entrusted with the duty of accompanying these pupils on the arduous journey to New England was Rev Jesse H Campbell who took a great interest in the deaf and soon conceived the idea of founding a school for the deaf within this State Through his efforts an amendment to the original act was passed authorizing the establishment of such a school and Rev Campbell immediately set about the task
Arrangements were effected whereby the Hearn Manual Labor School in Cave Spring was to include a department for the deaf in its organization and Mr Oliver P Fannin a Georgian by birth and education was sent to Hartford to learn all that he could about educating the deaf One assistant teacher accompanied him Upon returning to Georgia in 1846 Mr Fannin was entrusted with the education of the first class of deaf pupils within this State a group of four children who met as a class for the first time on May 15 1846
The General Assembly of the following year permanently settled the school in Cave Spring voted an annual appropriation for the support of the school purchased land and set aside funds for a building A board of trustees was appointed among whom was Mr Seaborn J Johnson father of Mr Joseph H Johnson who later founded the Alabama School for the Deaf
On July 11848 the school began its legitimate operation as the Georgia Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb the tenth such school to be established in the United States In the South it was preceded only by Kentucky 1823 Virginia 1839 and Tennessee 1845 The new institution grew rapidly in enrollment and in physical equipment and was soon performing a noteworthy service to the State The War Between the States necessitated the closing of the school in 1862 and it was not until 1867 that it was reopened in the face of seemingly unsurmountable difficulties The new superintendent Mr W O Connor and his staff met the situation with resolute courage and in a few years had firmly reestablished the school and had introduced the most modern methods of that day New buildings were added from time to time the course of instruction was extended and strengthened and the school was generally recognized as one of the leading schools for the deaf in the entire country
250
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
After 54 years of continuous service to the State Mr W O Connor retired in 1916 to be succeeded by Mr J C Harris who headed the school until 1937 Under the direction of the latter the school became one of the few State schools of this type to use the oral system of instruction to the exclusion of signs and finger spelling During this period few changes were made in the physical plant except for the addition of a new hospital building erected in 1931 at the cost of 21000 It was about this time that the general business depression coupled with other retrogressive forces drastically crippled the school with the result that its sessions were short and irregular and its general efficiency greatly curtailed Inability of the State to replace buildings which were rapidly falling into decay and an actually dangerous state of disrepair created an acute building problem which more sharply demanded solution with each succeeding year It is this problem which is faced by the present administration
The complete history of the Georgia School for the Deaf is an illustrious one The school once a proud pioneer in the southern states served as a model for our bordering states Our method of instruction our State laws and machinery of administration stood as a beacon light to guide other states in giving educational advantages to that hitherto neglected group with the handicap of deafness
But in the past quarter of a century the school has been sadly neglected in respect to support for physical improvements and the proper maintenance required for skillful operation and progressive educational accomplishments For the lack of sufficient financial support the school has failed to take in stride the splendid amount of progress made by the public schools for the hearing in the past twentyfive years It is a rather sad commentary when we note that bordering southern states which builded on our original pattern now afford a per capita expenditure in educating their deaf more than double that of Georgia No less an indictment of our states progress in providing educational advantages for the deaf is the fact that the value of our buildings and grounds is less than one seventh the average value of the buildings and grounds of similar institutions in our neighboring states
Comparative statistical reports are unfair and meaningless sometimes However our concern is based on something more understandable when we consider the fact that seven of our twentyone academic teachers the past year do not qualify for grade C certificates the lowest recognized standard for teachers of the deaf To make the situation more acute six of the remaining qualified teachers have recently resigned to accept contracts to teach in distant states The Georgia School has for years served as a training institution or proving ground furnishing teachers for other states and private schools where salaries range in some instances nearly one hundred per cent higher than the limited budget for the Georgia School allows The seemingly perpetual teacher shortage crisis shortened length terms antequated facilities and crowded conditions lead us to the inescapable conclusion that the principal crux of the whole matter is a lamentably inadequate budget It is imperative beyond argument to the contrary that the State of Georgia make an increased and enlarged provision for the education of her deaf boys and girls It would be the strangest of paradoxes if our State in the midst of its present historymaking epoch in educational advancement should fail in this respect
Happily our thinking can be diverted to some very bright prospects for the Georgia School There is every indication of wholesome progress just ahead of us The present State Administration is thoroughly cognizant of our needs Already plans for new buildings and expanded facilities are being formulated This will be of great material aid in propelling the school forward to a position of adequate service to the deaf of our State
To match this proposed building program the past year has witnessed many changes in the courses of study pointing to a betterment of the students opportunity It is with pardonable pride that we call attention to the fact that despite thwarting handicaps this enlarged and en
STATE OF GEORGIA
251
riched educational program has been approved and acclaimed by educators who occupy prominent places in guiding the policies of Americas Schools for the Deaf In this putting of first things first the school administration would have continued helpless had not the State Administration as a whole the Department of Public Welfare and the State Department of Education in particular recognized and administered to our needs It is in the light of this recognization that we can behold the smiling omens of a better day for the school that Georgia temporarily forgot
You will note in the Vocational Principals report that there has been an impressive strengthening of the Vocational Department The fine significance of this is more reassuring when we recall the fact that vocational training and guidance is receiving special emphasis in all schools for the deaf in America at the present time
Some of the advances that havebeen inaugurated in the Academic Department are as follows Expanded and extended courses of study testing programs health education visual education new group organizations and other types of activities that have been introduced as innovations in enriching and vitalizing the educational process A training class for teachers has been instituted in an effort to alleviate our situation as to teachers
One of the most forward steps for efficiency and economy in the business management of the school this year has been the centralization of the receiving and disbursement of all supplies The central receiving and disbursing depot through which requisitions from all departments must clear enables us to keep books more accurately to watch all costs and expenses and to handle all accounts and distributions with expediency and efficiency The matron is required to make out weekly menus in advance and to supply copies to the office and storeroom The building of these menus is guided to utilize all the products from the farm garden in a way to effect savings to the State Acceptable standards for nutrition and palatability are thus maintained and an improved program of production in our farm and garden is being achieved In the end we shall have accurate information as to costs and profits in any production department
The establishment of federally supported vocational work is especially gratifying by virtue of the fact that the Georgia School is the first school for the deaf in the United States to effect arrangements for the receipt of this support Our program has won national attention on this basis A further distinction of our proposed setup for the coming year is that our school will be the first in Georgia to include all three phases of federally supported vocational education namely agriculture home economics and trades and industries
From a social and educational point of view the greatest weakness in our present vocational program is the complete lack of followup on our pupils after they leave school In order to be sure that vocational training which we give is really effective and is worth what it costs the State we should maintain contact with our deaf students after graduation assist them in securing and holding positions and acquaint employers over the State with what deaf boys and girls are able to do This function could best be coordinated through a central labor bureau working in close cooperation with the school Agencies of this sort which are already operating successfully in North Carolina New York Minnesota and Michigan to mention a few of the more outstanding ones indicate what can be done
Not only is it imperative that we solve the problems inherent in our immediate situation but that we enlarge the capacity and facilities of the school to accommodate a greatly increased enrollment Estimates based on census reports and the best available opinion indicate that there are at least one hundred children in the State who should be attending here but are not They are unknown to the school and the school is unknown to them as they grow up in a pitiable state of ignorance The county welfare boards are bringing these children to light and urging them to apply for admission While this is wholly desirable the twentyfive percent increase in enrollment which
Deaf A modern printing plant experience by doing work for the
Shoe repairing is one of the vocational trades open to students at the School for the affords them another avenue of special training The students shown above gain their
nearly 350 students and officials of the School

252 DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
STATE OF GEORGIA
253
we experienced this year indicates that within another year or two we shall be unable to accept more than twothirds to threefourths of the applicants who are legally and morally entitled to the benefits of this school
The general condition of the school and the present status of improvement compel us to look forward to plan and work incessantly for a fully adequate service to be rendered the deaf children of Georgia We respectfully submit to the Board the proposition that the modest beginning of what we think to be the proper program combined with possible greatly improved physical equipment bear the stamp of a successful approach to these sought ends
That which has been Georgias neglect can and will soon become a monument to her educational progress
254
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
REPORT OF PRINCIPAL
By John A Gough M A
Principal
The opening of the Georgia School for the Deaf on September 9 under the new administration marked the beginning of a promising year for the school With that year now a matter of history it is apparent that while many of the prospects which the year held in store have seen fulfillment others have not materialized and a vast amount remains to be done to bring the school up to the level that it should attain
With the exception of a two weeks holdiday at Christmas time the school remained in session from September 9 to April 30 During March and April as an economy measure school was held six days a week so that in all the term totaled 162 days in actual sessionthe early closing thereby resulting in a loss of less than two weeks as compared with recent years
The enrollment this year was considerably larger than last year Several pupils were readmitted and most of these have made sufficient progress to warrant their continuation in school Some of them belong to the backward group In these cases emphasis has been laid on hand work and training of a very practical nature Thus while the readmission of these pupils crowds the facilities of the school to the utmost the advantages accruing to them decidedly outweigh the inconveniences involved by their enrollment
The faculty of the Academic Department is comprised of twentyone teachers three of whom also teach vocational or physical education Two thirds of the group may be considered as adequately trained teachers of the deaf Owing to the great shortage of available instructors however it was necessary to employ seven teachers whose training falls below the requirements for a Class C certificate the lowest recognized standard for teachers of the deaf Under careful supervision these teachers have worked diligently and we believe have done as well as could be expected under the circumstances Taken as a whole the faculty was conscientious and devoted to duty and completed a years work which in many respects shows an appreciable improvement over previous terms This was made possible in part through an improved course of study and greatly expanded provisions in the way of text books
Through a provision by the last legislature the State provided the school with free public school text books Approximately two thousand of these books were supplied through the State Department of Education and have been put into use in all the grades in the school Thus for the first time the school is properly supplied with texts and a basis is established for an extended and expanded course of instruction
The greatest changes in the course of study have been effected in the work offered in the advanced grades the work of the primary department having been up to acceptable standards for some time past On the basis of the years work just completed a new outline for advanced classes is now in preparation It will extend considerably the educational opportunities offered by the schools
Our most advanced class in particular has made rapid strides during this term and within a year or two several of these students should be fully prepared for admission to Gallaudet College This constitutes a great step forward in view of the fact that the Georgia School for the Deaf has not sent a single student to college in some twenty years
A modest beginning was made in a standardized testing program the New Standard Achievement Test having been administered to about half of the students at the opening and at the closing of school If continued this program should help to discover the specific weaknesses of the academic course and should also serve as the basis for the study of the needs of the individual children
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255
thus leading toward the establishment of a program of educational guidance This work has not been carried far enough at the present time to offer any very reliable conclusions
Because of insufficient facilities and teaching personnel physical education did not advance commensurately with the rest of the school program Some new work in health education was given part of which was prepared by the teachers Every child has some physical education but it was deficient both as to quantity and diversification There is a great need for corrective work for the establishment of a broad program of intramural athletics some instruction in matters of sex increased playground space and new gymnasium and playground equipment
The boys and girls basketball teams represented the school in interscholastic games with public schools in this area and the boys team participated in the Southern States Tournament at Little Rock Arkansas where they won the team prize for sportsmanship The new uniforms which were supplied by the school contributed much to the appearance and spirit of the teams Interscholastic athletics of the type in which these teams took part help to advertise the school and to acquaint the public with the deaf The pupils and the school would undoubtedly profit by an enlargement of this kind of activity to embrace other competitive sports
Other phases of the activities program of the school include scouting and a literary society which were organized this year The Boy Scout troop was reorganized after a lapse of three years during which the school had no troop A new Girls Scout troop was established and both boys and girls made good progress toward advancement in rank During National Boy Scout Week the boys troop had on display in Rome an exhibit of craft work which attracted a great deal of favorable attention
A newlyorganized literary society provided the older pupils with an opportunity for selfexpression through dramatics readings debates and the like This organization aided materially in the social program as well
The Sunday School work also merits attention In addition to regular classroom religious education the pupils of the advanced department participated in regular Sunday morning chapel services which were organized and conducted very largely by the pupils This group contributed to a number of worthwhile social and charitable activities including a membership in the American Red Cross a donation to the Dixie Home for the Aged and Infirm Deaf and a generous Christmas basket to a local family Funds for these contributions were provided from the childrens own donations Through activities of this sort they are learning to give as well as to receive and they are absorbing lessons which should help to develop Christian character and worthwhile citizenship traits
The school library is much out of date and is not fitted to our needs During the present year through the earnest endeavors of our librarian we have received a number of valuable donations from friends of the school An alumni group in Atlanta provided a small sum for the purchase of magazine subscriptions These magazines have aided in the promotion of reading and have afforded the pupils a great deal of pleasure More magazines and newspapers are needed and if possible a definite sum should be set aside for the purchase of volumes for the library Reading is one of the principal means of securing an education If this is true for hearing people how much more is it true for the deaf A good uptodate library is indispensible in a modern school
The visuable approach is especially important in a school for the deaf We are able to do almost nothing in this field however due to the lack of facilities The development of a library of lantern slides stillfilm and mounted pictures is an urgent need
One of the most promising avenues of reaching the mind of the deaf child is the method which employs the residual hearing present in a large per cent of socalled deaf children This hearing can best be utilized through the employment of hearing aids of which this school has two Neither
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
256
of these instruments gives satisfactory service We have no instrument at all for the testing of hearing An audiometer and some efficient amplification sets are requisite to the establishment of a program of auditory training for the pupils of the school who could profit by it This is not a fad but is a wellestablished method in this branch of special education that is already widely in use and is producing good results A start in this direction should be made in the immediate future here
During the summer of 1937 the writer made a field trip through the State to interview parents and pupils some of whom were seeking readmission A few of these applicants proved upon examination to be feebleminded and were rejected others were accepted as capable of benefiting from the course offered by the school
Summary and Recommendations
1 The school needs a more adequately trained faculty including more teachers with collegiate degrees and with no teacher holding less than a Class C certificate
2 A complete outline of the course of study is needed A start has been made in this but it will need further amplification and revision as time goes on
3 A testing program has been inaugurated This should be continued and expanded to include intelligence testing vocational aptitude testing and social adjustment testing all of which should serve as a basis for a program of vocational and educational guidance
4 The physical education and health work needs to be completely reorganized and greatly improved The first step would be the employment of a full time physical education teacher for boys and another for girls Increased playground facilities and equipment and an adequate gymnasium and equipment are paramount needs Coordination of the work of the medical staff physical education staff and household department and a more suitable method of recording the physical development and needs of the pupils are recommended
5 More extracurricular activities are needed A start has been made this year Proper social development of the children is dependant upon the enlargement and improvement of this work The fuller occupation of the leisure time of the younger pupils through an organized recreational program is especially important
6 The library should be greatly enlarged and space provided for its housing A visual education program should be started in conjunction with the library For proper administration of this work a fulltime librarian should be employed She should meet the same requirements as to qualifications as those set for teachers with special training in library science in addition
7 An audiometer and some hearing aids should be purchased and an organized course in acoustic training established to employ these instruments in such a manner as to make full use of residual hearing in every pupil having hearing to a usable degree
8 Field work should be continued and the scope of this work might well be extended to include vocational placement of the adult deaf until such time as the state establishes a special agency for this purpose
9 The school should promote by every legitimate means the adoption of a compulsory education law for the deaf
STATE OF GEORGIA
257
REPORT OF VOCATIONAL PRINCIPAL By John L Caple Vocational Principal
The school term of 193738 under a new administration has been one of marked improvement in the Vocational Department With the superintendents special interest in every phase of this work and his ambition for the growth of the department the planning and coordinating of this work has been a great delight
The greatest step forward this year has been the addition of two new courses in cooperation with and under the supervision of the State Department of Vocational Education These courses have had competent instructors and the course of study was that of the regular SmithHughes vocational plan Reports from the instructors of these two courses follow my report
Another step was the addition of a teacher in woodworking This allowed a separation of the class in woodworking from that of maintenance of the school plant Under this plan a boy may receive his early training in the woodworking classes and then have a chance to get practical experience in the maintenance work
While no changes have been made in the classes in arts and crafts printing and shoe repairing a very successful years work has been completed in each under the guidance of able instructors
The addition of a course in crafts for small boys with a fine instructor has produced good results This work could be classed as prevocational and promises to serve the same purpose as general shop in the field of vocational placement Regular classes have been conducted in the following
Agriculture Printing
Arts and Crafts Boys and Girls Shoe Repairing
Craft Work for small boys Woodworking
Home Economics
While no instructor was available several boys received practical experience in the following
Machine Shop Practice Electricity
Electric ArcWelding Plumbing
Colored Department
The system of vocational training for the colored boys and girls started last year has been continued this year The girls studying cooking sewing and homemaking have made fine progress under their capable teacher This department justly deserves some badly needed equipment
The boys depending on the regular shops for their instruction have not fared as well as the girls While several of the boys had practical experience in woodworking shoe repairing and farming the entire group did not have the attention it should have had This situation can be remedied by more careful supervision
We are looking forward to the 193839 school year as another year of forward steps in the Vocational Department We are very optimistic about next year as we have reason to believe that three or more of our shops will be accepted by the Trades and Industries Division of the State Department of Vocational Education This will mean the provision for well trained instructors with proper supervision and planned programs that will put the shops on a level with any trade school in the country
258
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
1 A well trained instructor for the Machine Shop This instruction would probably include welding and later sheet metal work
2 A complete course in beauty culture with a competent instructor
3 A course in barbering
4 A course in general shop for the Negro School
5 Special emphasis should be placed on mechanical drawing and it should be made a requisite in all vocational courses
6 Some of the outofdate heavy machinery in the woodworking shop should be replaced with lighter modern machines that are safe for boys
7 If a new building is not provided for the Machine Shop it should be moved to the basement of the shop Building and individual motors installed to replace the dangerous and expensive system of shafting and belts This shop also needs a lathe and power hack saw
8 More attention should be given to prevocational work and vocational guidance
9 Vocational teachers should be encouraged to attend summer school when possible A few colleges in the South are offering Vocational Teacher Training in their summer schools for the first time
STATE OF GEORGIA
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REPORT ON VOCATIONAL HOME ECONOMICS By Dorris Mann B S H E
Vocational home economics was offered to the students of the Georgia School for the Deaf this year for the first time Looking over the years work the instructor feels that the training has been a worthwhile part of the school curriculum A good beginning has been made toward adequately equipping the department and the foundation has been laid upon which a program of instruction may be built up that will be a more worthwhile and a more vital part of the training offered to these students
The first thing of concern was space and equipment adequate for instruction The former problem was solved by removing from the domestic science rooms the school mending department This gave sufficient space in the form of two large rooms connected by a wide hall
The latter problem that of equipment is proving to be a more difficult but a more interesting one to solve Very little new equipment has been bought in fact nothing but chairs and a few small pieces that could not be made in the shops The boys have made several pieces of furniture for the department but the greater part of the furnishings are pieces salvaged from the storage rooms and remodeled and refinished in the shops by the boys The girls refinished several of the pieces of furniture The aim has been an attractive properly equipped department at the lowest possible cost The sum of 22045 has been spent for equipment and repairs The result js an attractive department which needs only a little more equipment to make it adequate for good learning conditions
Progress in the phase of foods has been hampered because of a lack of equipment Considering the number of students enrolled in the largest class this year and according to recommendations of the State Department of Vocational Home Economics two unit kitchens should be added to the department if instruction in this phase of homemaking is to be of greatest possible help to the students
An effort has been made to fit the program to the peculiar needs of this group Due to the fact that there was no predecessor to advise a great amount of experimental work has been necessary This has resulted in findings which may serve as a basis for formulating a more practical program for future years
Fortysix girls organized into four groups have received training during this year Units in the following phases of homemaking were taught
Personal development Foods and nutrition Clothing
Social development Home management Home beautification
This department has received from and given to other departments and organizations on the campus assistance in various undertakings These are
The F F A
The Girl Scouts
The Art Department
The Advanced Academic Department
The Faculty Club
The Woodworking Classes
260
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
REPORT ON VOCATIONAL AGRICULTURE By H E Woodruff B S A
The first year in which vocational agriculture has been taught at the Georgia School for the Deaf showed marked progress in this type of instruction When this work was organized there were no precedents to guide the instructor For this reason the work has to a great extent been of exploratory nature Perhaps the greatest achievement is the information gained on which a plan of work can be made in the years to follow
One of the fears at first was that the better students would elect other lines of vocational training and the newly organized course in agriculture would be handicapped with less able pupils This has not been the case An achievement test just before the school closed this spring showed that the boys studying farming averaged well above the total number of boys in the advanced department taking the test This test was taken by forty boys Out of the upper nineteen twelve 63 per cent were enrolled in agriculture In the lower twentyone boys seven 33 per cent were students in agriculture This indicates that on the basis of scholastic achievement the study of farming appeals to the better students
Instruction in agriculture was given to twentytwo boys divided into four groups Two of these groups met in the afternoons at regular shop periods One of them met on Monday Wednesday and Friday afternoons while the other met on Tuesday and Thursday afternoons and Saturday morning These two classes were largely taught the operative skills in farming Many of them can be transferred to classes where a more complete course can be given These classes were composed of those with lower scholastic abilities due to age period of time in school or some other factor
The two morning classes were not contemplated prior to the opening of school A few days after school started four of the outstanding students in school requested a class to be held at ten oclock in the morning with a course in agriculture featuring farm crops These two classes are responsible for the excellent comparative showing of the department
Last fall a chapter of the Future Farmers of America was organized This is a nationwide society made up of students in vocational agriculture This chapter was the first ever formed of deaf students It has been a substantial asset to the work
In October a stock judging team represented this school at the State F F A convention in Macon It competed against high school teams from over the state that had been judging livestock for several years Out of 150 teams the team from this institution ranked fortieth or well within the upper onethird
The division of Vocational Education of the Department of Education has allotted 30000 to be used for teaching equipment This has been of material help in the program The school farm is used as a laboratory in teaching various jobs The teaching program will be more complete if and when an adequate farm is secured
STATE OF GEORGIA
261
GEORGIA SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF TABLE No I
Enrollment July 1 1937 to June 30 1938
White Colored
Boys 120 23
Girls 95 31
TOT AI 215 54
269
Appling
Bacon
Baldwin
Banks
Barrow
Bartow
Ben Hill
Berrien
Bibb
Brantley
Brooks
Bullock
Burke
Butts
Candler
Carroll
Chatham
Chattahoochee
Chattooga
Cherokee
Clarke
Coffee
Cobb
Colquitt
Cook
Coweta
Crawford
Crisp
TABLE No II
Enrollment by Counties of the State
6 Dade
1 Decatur
2 DeKalb
1 Dodge
1 Dooly
2 Dougherty
1 Douglas
1 Early
4 Emanuel
1 Fannin
c 3 Fayette
3 Floyd
1 Forsyth
1 Franklin
1 Fultonv
1 Glynn
14 Greene
2 Gwinnet
1 Habersham
4 Hall
2 Harralson
1 Hart
4 Heard
5 Henry
1 Houston
5 Irwin
1 Jackson
5 Jasper
O
0
1 6 1 1 4 1 1 1 1
3
12
1
38
1
2
7
2
5
1
1
1
4
3
2
262
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
TABLE
Jeff Davis
Jefferson
Jones
Lee
Lincoln
Lowndes
McIntosh
Meriwether
Mitchell
Milton
Monroe
Morgan
Muscogee
Newton
Oconee
Peach
Pickens
Polk
Pulaski
Richmond
Rockdale
Screven
Spalding
IIContinued
Stephens 1
Sumter 3
Talliaferro 1
Tattnall 2
Telfair I
Terrell 1
Thomas 4
Tift 1
Toombs 3
Troup 3
Upson 1
Walker 2
Walton 3
Ware 3
Washington 1
Wheeler 2
White 2
Whitfield 1
Wilcox 1
Wilkinson 2
Wilkes 1
TOTAL 269
No
1
2
4
2
1
2
1
2
3
1
1
1
5
2
l
1
1
6
1
5
1
3
2
G F Oliphant Superintendent
GEORGIA ACADEMY FOR THE BLIND Macon Ga
The main building of the Georgia Academy for the Blind at Macon is one of the most suitable buildings in the entire
institution system for the purposes it serves

264 DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
1
GEORGIA ACADEMY FOR THE BLIND
The Georgia Academy for the Blind was organized by a group of citizens of Macon in 1851 It was supported by private subscription and its purpose was to furnish a home for indigent blind people At first these were adults but later children were admitted
In 1852 the Legislature granted a charter to the Georgia Academy for the Blind in which seven persons were named as trustees constituting a selfperpetuating Board This Board continued to operate the institution until 1932
As children were admitted more and more to the institution and it was found that they could be educated the Legislature made appropriations for the maintenance of the institution and gradually its principal purpose became that of educating blind children and adults were no longer received At present its aims are entirely educational
The Academy is intended to give opportunity for education and training to those children in Georgia whose sight is so defective that they cannot be successfully educated in the public schools using ordinary inkprint books Pupils may be received and retained in the school between the ages of seven and twentyone years Blind children furnish many problems in addition to those encountered in ordinary schools Schools for the blind are usually considered charitable institutions and it is supposed that the State is making concessions to blind children in various ways Such is not the case The blind child is entitled to an opportunity for education and training and if this training should be given to him while he remained in his own home it would be necessary to send to each school enrolling a blind child a teacher specially trained for work with the blind This would be very expensive and so in order to save money for the State these blind children are brought together at one central point and given their living expenses because it is economical for the State to do this
Average blind children have usually been either neglected or petted to such an extent that they are not normal and are almcst physically helpless or obstinate and untrained From the nature of the case instruction must be individual rather than class instruction As a consequence a much smaller number of pupils can be handled by each teacher than is the case in public schools Blind pupils must be taught to read with their fingers by use of the Braille or Point Type system of raised characters This system enables the blind child to write and be able to read what he has written Braille is used exclusively for reading and writing in the the first four grades Beginning with the fifth grade all pupils are trained to use the typewriter as well as the Braille writer and pupils hand in their written work for the teachers typewritten but make records for their own use in Braille In this way they are trained to be able to make records for themselves in Braille and to be able to communicate with seeing people through the means of the typewriter
Usually blind children have not been taught to use their hands to the same extent as normal children and consequently manual training is given them as soon as they enter school and some form of hand training is carried on throughout their entire course
The teachers of blind children are necessarily specialists requiring special training and special equipment in order to do successful teaching As a rule the Institution enlists teachers who have had successful experience in teaching sighted children and they are given necessary extra training largely in the work itself
It is intended as far as possible that the instruction and training given to blind children shall parallel the instruction given to sighted children in public schools In the literary school the instruction follows very closely that of the public school system so that students completing the course

Since their fingers have to substitute in so many ways for their eyes the blind are given instruction m many uses oi their hands to make them highly sensitive The young students above seem to be having various degrees of difficulty at
success of their immediate tasks
266 DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
STATE OF GEORGIA
267
in the Academy are admitted to colleges and do most creditable work Instruction in the literary department covers ten grades normally requiring ten years for completion
During 1937 three former Academy students graduated at Mercer University all of them being on the honor roll This would have been a most creditable performance of itself but a most unusual thing was that one of the totally blind students took first honor in the Law Department and another took first honor in the Literary Department Some of the students continue their studies by going to high schools in their neighborhood It is usually found that they are better prepared than seeing children in the same grades This is due not so much to usual ability as to the fact that blind students work longer hours and are given more individual attention than in the public schools
All students are given an opportunity to study music Instruction is given in piano organ chorus singing theory and harmony and music history Not all pupils are found to have musical ability and some of them are shifted to other lines of work Those who have musical talent however are trained to the extent that they are able to support themselves by teaching music and in addition many of them learn piano tuning At present tuning is the most profitable line of vocational work open to blind people in Georgia
Manual Training is taught for the primary purpose of developing and training pupils in the use of their hands The things produced are not important After they have developed sufficient skill however they take up vocational training which leads to the production o things which are useful and valuable and may be the basis of earning livelihood The boys are taught woodwork and metal work chair caning and seating making and repairing furniture and piano tuning which as previously stated is the most profitable vocation for capable students
For girls the most profitable vocation is teaching music In addition those who do not have musical ability are trained to use their hands being taught weaving of various kinds making of mats making of articles of clothing various forms of knitting sewing crocheting basketry and chair caning This training enables them to be useful in their homes and many of them earn money by making articles for sale
Schools for the blind were the first in the United States to give emphasis to vocational training For many years it was the custom to teach every boy a trade The tendency of modern education however is to try to make the student as intelligent as possible and as skillful in the use of his hands as many be feasible and then let him take advantage of any opportunities which may arise in his home community for profitable employment It is very desirable that blind people should not be herded in shops or they will be in danger of forming a particular class to themselves Since there are many millions of sighted people eager to work and well trained for their vocations who cannot find employment it is not to be expected that blind people however well trained will readily find employment as soon as they leave school One great trouble in vocational training for a specific job is that modern inventions almost overnight may make this training worthless for the reason that the work profitably done by hand may be done much more cheaply and efficiently by a newly invented machine On this account the Academy has had to discard training in several vocations which formerly were carried on in the school Many students carry on business for themselves or are employed by others Some of them are preachers teachers lawyers singers and musicians in connection with evangelistic services piano tuners and repairers manufacturers and repairers of furniture broom and mop makers mattress makers Some of them make money by weaving of all kinds knitting crocheting and many forms of fancy needle work In addition many of them blaze the trail for themselves in occupations which are not usually followed by blind people One of the most successful poultry men in the State is a totally blind man who has not only made money in the business but is recognized as an authority on poultry breeding
268
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
Some of them enter the field of politics and become distinguished by their outstanding service to the State Many of them who do not seem to accomplish much as money makers or as prominent members of society are nevertheless very valuable to the State for the reason that they get training here so that they become much more intelligent and much higher type citizens thanthe other members of their families and communities and go home to become leaders of thought and examples of conduct to their families and neighbors While they do not earn money or become famous they raise the level of intelligence and morals wherever they live It is likely that the institution is worth as much to the State in this way as in any other since many of the students go back in to dark corners and become missionaries to teach the art of successful living to communities which otherwise would never have such influences
Up to the present the Academy has had to refuse no pupils on account of lack of room and it does not have a waiting list This may not be true for any considerable length of time While blindness is on the decrease in Georgia and throughout the nation the enrollment in schools for the blind is increasing The reason for this in Georgia is that the establishment of more efficient health departments serves the public schools better In the various counties these health departments make physical examination of all children in the public schools and in so doing find a considerable number of children whose eyesight is hardly good enough for public school work As a rule their progress in schools for the blind is not satisfactory either to the students themselves or to their teachers They really should not be educated in schools for the blind but in special schools known as sight saving schools in which books with much larger print are used and the students continue their education by the methods to which they have been accustomed These borderline children coming into a school for the blind at the ages of 12 to 16 years do not learn to read with their fingers readily enough to keep pace with their classes In addition their vision gives them an additional advantage over their fellows which many of them use as a means of annoying their fellows or of imposing on them Eventually it will be wise for the State to establish sight saving classes in various sections of the State to take care of this class of students They cannot be successfully educated by methods used for the blind and their presence is a considerable handicap to those who are blind Schools for the blind should be administered primarily for those who are actually without sight or for those who have no useful vision
The work of the Department of Public Welfare through its county and district agencies is enabling the Academy to find blind children who otherwise could not be located for the reason that the Academy has never been able to employ a field agent This service is of great help not only to the children themselves but to the school
The buildings at the White School are more than 30 years old but are in fairly good condition needing only overhauling such as painting and refinishing of walls repairs and replacements of plumbing and some additional equipment for dining room kitchen and laundry and the rebuilding of the heating plant including a new boiler
The present equipment for refrigeration is entirely inadequate consisting of only two electric refrigerators As a result the Academy cannot keep on hand any considerable amount of perishable food and is forced to have meat delivered daily The Music Department is well equipped new pianos having been purchased the past year out of the regular maintenance appropriation The Academy also has an 8000 pipe organ as well as an adequate number of new pianos
The school for negroes is approximately 50 years old is not adapted for school use and should be rebuilt from the ground up It is a threestory building built like an ordinary dwelling house with no fire escapes and if a fire should occur it would be difficult if not impossible to prevent loss of life The plumbing is worn out and in addition is badly located The school needs new equip
STATE OF GEORGIA
269
ment for dormitories and kitchen and additional refrigeration The replacement of this building as well as general repair of the white unit is planned in the building program now pending
Attention is called to the fact that no part of the money appropriated to the institution is spent for books the books being furnished by special appropriation from the Federal Government which subsidizes the American Printing House for the Blind This subsidy has been considerably increased very recently and while the Academy has been short of books in the part it is probable that it will be well supplied in the future Our present supply from this source amounts to more than 2000 a year Books are many times as expensive as the same books in ink print for use by sighted students
The enrollment for the spring term 1938 was as follows White School 56 Males 32 Females Total 88 Colored School 16 Males 21 Females Total 37 Total for both Schools 125
Mrs Joe Pruitt Superintendent
CONFEDERATE SOLDIERS HOME
Atlanta Ga
IPii
Confederate Soldiers Home
STATE OF GEORGIA
I
CONFEDERATE SOLDIERS HOME
The Confederate Soldiers Home operates on a reduced scale from year to year as the requirements for its services slacken due to the rapid death rate among veterans of the War Between the States
The average population of the Institution varied from 11 to 14 with the movement between April 1 1937 and June 30 1938 being shown in the following table
Number in Home April 1 1937 13
Number received through June 30 1938 5
Number furloughed 2
Number returned from furlough 2
Number of Deaths 7
Number in Home June 30 1938 11
Managership of the Home was the only one changed by the State Department after it assumed control of all Institutions in 1937 On April 1 1937 Mrs M D Goudeloek then Superintendent was succeeded by Mrs Joe Pruitt who continues to manage the home
Under her guidance the Home has been remodeled and repainted and the grounds have been placed in beautiful condition
The Veterans at the home are given a great amount of individual attention and those necessitating constant care and guidance due to their conditions are provided with the necessary attendants Special provisions for their entertainment are made through cooperation of the United Daughters of the Confederacy and other organizations and the Seth Parker Club of the Druid Hills Baptist Church takes an active part in directing religious services for the Veterans
Since the Home is operated solely for the convenience and comfort of the Veterans and since the number of residents has been reduced to such a great extent practically every wish of the Veterans is fulfilled As a matter of cost it probably would be cheaper for the State to provide for the Veterans in some way other than operation of a Home but no legislature of recent years has desired to entertain such a proposal
Those of the Veterans desiring to attend reunions are allowed to do so six having attended the reunion in Jackson Miss last year seven having gone to the State reunion at Tifton this year and four having gone to the meeting of the Blue and Grey at Gettysburg this year
Each of the Veterans is afforded a private room at the Home and is given such special care as his condition warrants With two exceptions the Veterans at the Home are in remarkably good physical condition for their ages
L Thomas Gillen Director Confederate Division
I
CONFEDERATE PENSIONS
Two major changes were made in the administration of pensions for Confederate veterans and veterans widows during the past year The first was transfer of the function from the Veterans Service Office to the State Department of Public Welfare and the second was the extension of eligibility for widows of veterans
The transfer to the Welfare Department was ordered by act of the General Assembly and was made effective July 1 1937 when there were 250 veterans and 1433 widows on the rolls each drawing a standard monthly pension of 30
By Constitutional amendment adopted in June 1937 and put into effect by an act of the Special GeneralAssembly in December 1937 the pension roll was nearly doubled in January 1938 Prior to adoption of the amendment a widow in order to receive a pension must have married a Confederate veteran prior to January 1 1881 The amendment extended this time limit on marriage to January 1 1920 Applications totalling 1629 were filed with the Confederate Division by widows for payment under the new law and by July 1 1938 1315 of these had been approved for receipt of the monthly payment the highest number paid in any one month being 1271 in May 1938
When the administration of Confederate Pensions was transferred to the Public Welfare Department it first was made a function of the Public Assistance Division due to the fact that the Department was empowered to transfer recipients of the pensions to old age assistance rolls Section 7 Old Age Assistance Act of 1937 The Department however did not elect to enforce this option and the Confederate Division was established as a separate branch of the Department operating independently of the Public Assistance Division
The Confederate pension system is supported entirely by income from the State cigar and cigarette tax the revenue from this levy being allocated by the Constitution to this purpose Funds not used for Confederate purposes are transferred to the general treasury of the State for payment of other legislative appropriations Payments to pension recipients are made through ordinaries of the various counties and not through the County Welfare Departments as would have been the case had pensioners been transferred to public assistance payments
For the purposes of the Division recipients of pensions are divided into three classes veterans Class A widows representing those eligible under the old laws and Class B widows representing those added by the Constitutional amendment
There was a steady and fairly rapid decrease in the number of veterans and Class A widows throughout the year the veterans numbering 250 in July 1937 and 183 in June 1938 The number of Class A widows declined from 1433 to 1247 during the same period
Payments were not started to Class B widows until January 1938 the number for that month being 1189 and rising to 1271 in May and then declining to 1259 in June It is estimated that the 2689 payments of all types in June 1938 represent the maximum load since the number of applications being received each month is practically the same as the number removed by death or for other causes
Under the law it is necessary for the record of Confederate service for a soldier or for the husband of a widow to be established and primarily for this purpose the Confederate Roster Division is maintained It has been in operation for many years and records now are considered as nearly complete as it is possible to make them Over 400000 papers relating to members of the Army and Navy of the Confederacy are on file
276
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
The Roster Division serves many functions other than those of aiding in establishing eligibility for pension applicants
Applicants for membership in the United Daughters of the Confederacy Sons of Confederate Veterans Children of the Confederacy Daughters and Sons of the American Revolution and other patriotic organizations in Georgia and other States are required to attach a certified copy of their Confederate ancestors record to their applications Their records have to be certified by this department before their eligibility is established These certificates have been sent to practically every State in the United States In order to obtain U D C scholarships applicants must furnish certificates showing service records of their Confederate ancestors
The anniversaries of the births of some Confederate figures are celebrated by the U D C by awarding the Confederate Cross of Honor the Cross of Military Service to World War Veterans and the Veterans of the Philippine Insurrection and SpanishAmerican War Each application must have a certified copy of a Confederate ancestor furnished by this office
The mail is voluminous Records are requested by individuals and societies interested in genealogical research county historians Ordinaries all over the State the United States Government and individuals to be used for marking Confederate graves
Through the facilities of a Works Progress Administration project a complete index of Confederate Soldiers and Sailors has been completed with the service record of each The same is being done for Georgians serving in the SpanishAmerican and World Wars
The Division also assists in arrangements for the State and General Reunions of Confederate Veterans and officially took part in arrangements for the SeventyFifth Anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg this year
STATE OF GEORGIA
277
CONFEDERATE TABLE No I
STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL OPERATIONS JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
RECEIPTS
GROSS RECEIPTS FROM STATE TREASURY 79018200
LESS REFUNDS 888000
78130200
PAYMENTS
PAYMENTS FOR PENSIONS
Soldiers Pensions 7779000
Less Refunds 123000 7656000
Class A Widows Pensions
Less Refunds
48468000
597000 47871000
Class B Widows Pensions 22320000
Less Refunds 168000 22152000 77679000
PAYMENTS FOR PENSIONS PRIOR TO JULY 1 1937
FUNERAL EXPENSES
Soldiers 30OO
Class A Widows 57000
Class B Widows 9000
10000
69000
ORDINARIES FEES 3 72200
TOTAL PAYMENTS 78130200
CONFEDERATE TABLE No II
MONTHLY PENSION PAYMENTS BY CLASS OF RECIPIENT
SOLDIERS
July 1937 250
August 243
September 238
October 236
November 233
December 231
January 1938 209
February 198
March 194
April 191
May 187
June 183
CLASS A CLASS b
WIDOWS WIDOWS TOTAL
1433 1683
1419 1662
1409 1647
1392 1628
1377 1610
1362 1593
1342 1189 2740
1320 1218 2736
1303 1242 2739
1285 1261 2737
1267 1271 2725
1247 1259 2689
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
278
CONFEDERATE TABLE No Ill SOLDIER PENSIONERS
SUMMARY BY COUNTIES OF NUMBER OF PENSIONERS FOR FISCAL
YEAR ENDING JUNE 30 1938
COUNTY 1937 1938 1 TOTAL
July Aug 1 3ept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May June
1 Appling 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 24
2 Atkinson 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3 Bacon 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12
4 Baker 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5 Baldwin 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 15
6 Banks 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 36
7 Barrow 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12
8 Bartow 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 24
9 Ben Hill 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12
10 Berrien 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9
11 Bibb 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 6 5 5 5 5 82
12 Bleckley 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12
13 Brantley 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
14 Brooks 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 24
15 Bryan 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 8
16 Bulloch 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
17 Burke 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 24
18 Butts 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 30
19 Calhoun 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 20
20 Camden 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
21 Candler 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12
22 Carr oh 9 9 9 10 10 11 8 8 8 8 8 7 105
23 Catoosa 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 24
24 Charlton 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
25 Chatham 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 37
26 Chattahoochee 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
27 Chattooga 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12
28 Cherokee 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 24
29 Clarke 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 24
30 Clay 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
31 Clayton 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12
32 Clinch 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1
33 Cobb 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 22
34 Coffee 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
35 Colquitt 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 25
36 Columbia 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
37 Cook 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
38 Coweta 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 31
39 Crawford 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
40 Crisp 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
41 Dade 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
42 Dawson 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
43 Decatur 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 13
44 DeKalb 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 20
45 Dodge 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4
46 Dooly 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12
47 Dougherty 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
48 Douglas 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12
49 Early 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
50 Echols 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12
51 Effingham 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
52 Elbert 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ly
STATE OF GEORGIA
279
CONFEDERATE TABLE No Ill Continued
SOLDIER PENSIONERS
SUMMARY BY COUNTIES OF NUMBER OF PENSIONERS FOR FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30 1938
COUNTY 1937 1938 TOTAL
July Aug Sept Oct I 1 Nov Dec Jan Feb J Mar Apr May June
53 Emanuel 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 24
54 Evans 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 19
55 Fannin 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 18
56 Fayette 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o o
57 Floyd 4 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 31
58 Forsyth 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 fifi
59 Franklin 7 7 7 7 7 7 5 5 5 5 5 5 72
60 Fulton 26 25 24 24 23 23 16 14 14 15 16 17 287
61 Gilmer 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 TO
62 Glascock 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o o
63 Glynn 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o o o
64 Gordon 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 48
65 Grady 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 IP
66 Greene 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
67 Gwinnett 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 58
68 Habersham 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 45
69 Hail 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 8 7 7 103
70 Hancock 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o
71 Haralson 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Q
72 Harris 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12
73 Hart 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 36
74 Heard 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5
75 Henry 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 IP
76 Houston 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o o
77 Irwin 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o n
78 Jackson 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 a
79 Jasper 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 36
80 Jeff Davis 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o o o
81 Jefferson 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o o o
82 Jenkins 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o o o
83 Johnson 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o o o
84 Jones 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12
85 Lamar 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ft
86 Lanier 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o o o
87 Laurens 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 16
88 Lee 0 0 0 a 0 0 0 0 0 0 o o Q
89 Liberty 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
90 Lincoln 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o o o
91 Long 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o o o
92 Lowndes 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 o o
93 Lumpkin 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o o o
94 Macon 3 3 3 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 21
95 Madison 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o o o
96 Marion 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
97 McDuffie 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1
98 McIntosh 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 o o o o
99 Meriwether 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 36
100 Miller 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 o Jl
01 Mitchell 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
02 Monroe 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 22
280
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
CONFEDERATE TABLE No Ill Continued
SOLDIER PENSIONERS
SUMMARY BY COUNTIES OF NUMBER OF PENSIONERS FOR FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30 1938
1 COUNTY j 1937 1938 TOTAL
July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May June
103 Montgomery 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
104 Morgan 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 13
105 Murray 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 24
106 Muscogee 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
107 Newton 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12
108 Oconee 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12
109 Oglethorpe 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 38
110 Paulding 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12
111 Peach 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 24
112 Pickens 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12
113 Pierce 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12
114 Pike 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 32
115 Polk 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
116 Pulaski 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
117 Putnam 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12
118 Quitman 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12
119 Rabun 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 26
120 Randolph 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
121 Richmond 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 60
122 Rockdale 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12
123 Schley 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
124 Screven 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12
125 Seminole 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
126 Spalding 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12
127 Stephens 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 29
128 Stewart 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 24
129 Sumter 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
130 Talbot 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
131 T alii erro 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
132 Tattnall 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
133 Taylor 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
134 Telfair 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12
135 Terrell 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 24
136 Thomas 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 18
137 Tift 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 24
138 Toombs 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 24
139 Towns 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
140 Treutlen 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12
141 Troup 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 36
142 Turner 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
143 Twiggs 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
144 Union 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 36
145 Upson 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 24
146 Walker 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 11
147 Walton 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
148 Ware 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 7
149 Warren 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
150 Washington 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 24
151 Wayne 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12
152 Webster 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
STATE OF GEORGIA
281
CONFEDERATE TABLE No Ill Continued
SOLDIER PENSIONERS
SUMMARY BY COUNTIES OF NUMBER OF PENSIONERS FOR FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30 1938
COUNTY 1937 1938 TOTAL
July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May June
153 Wheeler 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
154 White 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 19
155 Whitfield 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
156 Wilcox 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
157 Wilkes 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 57
158 Wilkinson 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
159 Worth 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 0 17
TOTALS 250 243 238 236 233 231 209 198 194 191 187 183
GRAND TOTAL 2593
282
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
CONFEDERATE TABLE No IV WIDOW PENSIONERSCLASS A
SUMMARY BY COUNTIES OF NUMBER OF PENSIONERS FOR FISCAL
YEAR ENDING JUNE 30 1938
COUNTY 1937 1938 TOTAL
July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May June
1 Appling 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 85
2 Atkinson 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 24
3 Bacon 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12
4 Baker 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5 Baldwin 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 97
6 Banks 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 60
7 Barrow 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 48
8 Bartow 12 12 12 12 12 12 11 11 10 10 10 10 134
9 Ben Hill 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 72
10 Berrien 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 56
11 Bibb 49 48 48 47 46 46 44 44 44 44 43 42 545
12 Bleckley 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12
13 Brantley 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 23
14 Brooks 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 84
15 Bryan 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 37
16 Bulloch 13 13 13 13 12 12 10 7 7 6 6 6 118
17 Burke 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 7 7 94
18 Butts 12 12 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 127
19 Calhoun 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 48
20 Camden 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 21
21 Candler 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
22 Carroll 24 24 24 23 23 23 23 22 22 20 20 19 267
23 Catoosa 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 48
24 Charlton 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
25 Chatham 41 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 35 33 33 33 441
26 Chattahoochee 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12
27 Chattooga 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 120
28 Cherokee 19 19 19 20 20 20 19 19 19 18 18 17 227
29 Clarke 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 16 15 15 14 196
30 Clay 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 15
31 Clayton 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 47
32 Clinch 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 8
33 Cobb 24 24 25 25 24 24 24 24 24 23 23 23 287
34 Coffee 5 5 5 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 44
35 Colquitt 11 10 10 9 9 10 10 10 8 8 8 8 111
36 Columbia 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 41
37 Cook 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 72
38 Coweta 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 156
39 Crawford 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 60
40 Crisp 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 5 70
41 Dade 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12
42 Dawson 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 83
43 Decatur 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 84
44 DeKalb 29 29 28 27 27 26 26 26 25 24 24 24 315
45 Dodge 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 7 6 5 5 86
46 Dooly 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 60
47 Dougherty 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 124
48 Douglas 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 62
49 Early 7 7 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 66
50 Echols 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12
24
96
156
24
30
84
196
58
60
296
100
39
100
118
93
179
187
153
187
63
48
48
143
24
108
43
72
186
26
24
89
24
39
58
68
12
114
30
12
48
0
192
23
58
124
36
90
6
138
58
STATE OF GEORGIA
CONFEDERATE TABLE No IV Continued
WIDOW PENSIONERSCLASS A
BY COUNTIES OF NUMBER OF PENSIONERS YEAR ENDING JUNE 30 1938
1937
1938
July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
15 15 15 14 13 12 12 12 12 12
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
17 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 17 18
6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
203 200 199 197 196 195 190 186 186 184
8 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8
4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 9
10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 7
16 16 16 16 16 16 15 15 14 13
17 16 16 16 16 16 15 15 15 15
15 14 13 13 13 13 13 12 12 12
16 16 16 16 15 15 15 15 15 16
6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
14 14 14 12 12 11 11 11 11 11
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
15 15 16 16 16 16 16 16 15 15
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
8 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 7
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
7 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 5 5
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
11 11 10 10 9 9 9 9 9 9
2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16
1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
11 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 10
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
8 8 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
12 12 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 11
6 6 6 5 5 5 5 4 4 4
284
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
CONFEDERATE TABLE No IV Continued
WIDOW PENSIONERSCLASS A
SUMMARY BY COUNTIES OF NUMBER OF PENSIONERS FOR FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30 1938
COUNTY 1937 1938 TOTAL
July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May June
101 Mitchell 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 8 7 7 7 7 83
102 Monroe 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 84
103 Montgomery 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 80
104 Morgan 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 54
105 Murray 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 72
106 Muscogee 15 14 14 14 14 14 13 12 12 11 11 11 155
107 Newton 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 9 9 118
108 Oconee 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 58
109 Oglethorpe 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 180
110 Paulding 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 75
Ill Peach 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 48
112 Pickens 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 28
113 Pierce 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 34
114 Pike 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 69
115 Polk 7 7 7 7 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 69
116 Pulaski 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 72
117 Putnam 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 63
118 Quitman 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11
119 Rabun 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 60
120 Randolph 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 72
121 Richmond 31 29 28 28 28 27 27 25 24 24 24 24 319
122 Rockdale 5 5 5 5 5 4 3 3 3 g 3 3 47
123 Schley 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 24
124 Screven 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 35
125 Seminole 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 36
126 Spalding 13 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 145
127 Stephens 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 19 19 19 18 235
128 Stewart 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 85
129 Sumter 19 19 19 19 19 21 21 21 21 20 20 20 239
130 Talbot 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 48
131 Taliaferro 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 36
132 Tattnall 6 6 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 55
133 Taylor 10 10 10 10 10 10 9 8 8 8 8 8 109
134 Telfair 9 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 101
135 Terrell 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 60
136 Thomas 13 13 13 13 13 13 14 14 14 14 14 14 162
137 Tift 6 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 62
138 Toombs 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 38
139 Towns 8 8 8 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 79
140 Treutlen 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 12
141 Troup 16 16 16 16 16 16 17 17 16 16 16 14 192
142 Turner 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 72
143 Twiggs 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 96
144 Union 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 8 8 106
145 Upson 14 14 13 13 11 11 11 11 11 11 10 9 139
146 Walker 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 6 5 5 5 5 75
147 Walton 15 15 15 15 15 14 14 14 14 15 14 14 174
148 Ware 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 61
149 Warren 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 48
150 Washington 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 9 115
STATE OF GEORGIA
285
CONFEDERATE TABLE No IV Continued
WIDOW PENSIONERSCLASS A
SUMMARY BY COUNTIES OF NUMBER OF PENSIONERS FOR FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30 1938
COUNTY 1937 1938 TOTAL
July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May June
151 Wayne 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 9 115
152 Webster 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 20
153 Wheeler 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 30
154 White 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 59
155 Whitfield 11 11 11 11 11 11 9 9 9 9 8 8 118
156 Wilcox 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 41
157 Wilkes 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 6 6 92
158 Wilkinson 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 56
159 Worth 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 10 10 9 9 9 128
TOTALS 1433 1419 1409 1392 1377 1362 1342 1320 1303 1285 1267 1247 16156
GRAND TOTAL
286
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
CONFEDERATE TABLE No V WIDOW PENSIONERSCLASS B
SUMMARY BY COUNTIES OF NUMBER OF PENSIONERS FOR FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30 1938
COUNTY 1938 TOTAL
Jan Feb Mar Apr May June
1 Appling 6 7 7 7 7 6 40
2 Atkinson 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3 Bacon 1 1 1 1 1 1 6
4 Baker 3 3 4 4 4 4 22
5 Baldwin 12 12 12 12 12 12 72
6 Banks 6 7 6 7 7 7 40
7 Barrow 11 11 11 12 12 10 67
8 Bartow 9 11 11 11 11 12 65
9 Ben Hill 2 2 2 2 2 2 12
10 Berrien 2 2 2 2 2 2 12
11 Bibb 30 30 31 31 31 32 185
12 Bleckley 5 4 4 4 4 4 25
13 Brantley 1 1 1 1 1 1 6
14 Brooks 12 12 12 12 12 13 73
15 Bryan 1 1 1 1 1 1 6
16 Bulloch 7 7 6 6 6 6 38
17 Burke 6 6 6 6 6 6 36
18 Butts 7 7 7 7 7 7 42
19 Calhoun 3 3 3 3 3 3 18
20 Camden 4 3 3 3 3 3 19
21 Candler 2 2 3 3 3 3 16
22 Carroll 18 17 18 18 19 19 109
23 Catoosa 1 2 2 2 2 2 11
24 Charlton 1 1 1 1 1 1 6
25 Chatham 21 21 22 23 22 22 131
26 Chattahoochee 1 0 1 1 1 1 5
27 Chattooga 3 3 3 4 4 4 21
28 Cherokee 10 10 11 14 14 15 74
29 Clarke 1 12 13 15 15 15 82
30 Clay 4 4 4 4 4 4 24
31 Clayton 4 4 4 4 4 4 24
32 Clinch 5 5 5 5 5 5 30
33 Cobb 23 23 23 24 24 24 141
34 Coffee 6 6 6 6 6 6 36
35 Colquitt 7 8 8 8 8 9 48
36 Columbia 2 2 1 1 1 1 8
37 Cook 4 4 4 4 4 4 24
38 Coweta 15 13 14 15 15 15 87
39 Crawford 8 8 7 7 7 7 44
40 Crisp 6 6 6 6 6 6 36
41 Dade 5 5 5 5 5 5 30
42 Dawson 6 6 6 6 6 6 36
43 Decatur 8 9 9 9 9 9 53
44 DeKalb 24 25 25 25 24 24 147
45 Dodge 10 11 11 11 13 12 68
46 Dooly 3 3 4 4 4 4 22
47 Dougherty 10 12 14 14 13 10 73
48 Douglas 6 7 8 8 8 8 45
49 Early 4 4 4 6 6 6 30
50 Echols 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
STATE OF GEORGIA
287
CONFEDERATE TABLE No V Continued
WIDOW PENSIONERSCLASS B
SUMMARY BY COUNTIES OF NUMBER OF PENSIONERS FOR FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30 1938
1938
COUNTY Jan Feb Mar Apr May June TOTAL
51 Effingham 3 4 5 5 5 5 27
52 Elbert 12 12 12 13 13 13 75
53 Emanuel 5 4 3 4 4 4 24
54 Evans 3 3 3 3 3 3 18
55 Fannin 0 0 0 0 1 2 3
56 Fayette 5 5 5 5 5 5 30
57 Floyd 15 16 16 16 16 16 95
58 Forsyth 10 11 11 11 10 10 63
59 Franklin 10 12 11 10 11 11 65
60 Fulton 158 159 161 159 160 157 954
61 Gilmer 7 7 7 7 7 7 42
62 Glascock 2 3 3 3 3 3 17
63 Glynn 7 7 7 6 6 6 39
64 Gordon 14 16 16 16 16 16 94
65 Grady 14 14 14 14 14 13 83
66 Greene 12 13 13 12 12 12 74
67 Gwinnett 14 14 14 15 15 15 87
68 Habersham 11 12 12 12 12 12 71
69 Hall 22 23 23 22 22 22 134
70 Hancock 3 3 3 3 3 3 18
71 Haralson 8 8 8 8 8 8 48
72 Harris 8 7 7 7 7 7 43
73 Hart 7 7 7 7 7 8 43
74 Heard 1 1 1 1 1 1 6
75 Henry 6 6 6 6 6 6 36
76 Houston 8 8 8 8 8 8 48
77 Irwin 2 2 2 2 2 2 12
78 Jackson 9 9 9 10 11 10 58
79 Jasper 6 6 6 6 6 6 36
80 Jeff Davis 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
81 Jefferson 8 8 8 8 8 7 47
82 Jenkins 2 2 2 2 2 2 12
83 Johnson 5 5 6 6 6 6 34
84 Jones 2 2 3 4 4 4 19
85 Lamar 7 7 7 7 7 7 42
86 Lanier 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
87 Laurens 8 13 15 15 16 16 83
88 Lee 4 4 4 4 4 4 24
89 Liberty 1 1 1 1 1 1 6
90 Lincoln 4 4 4 4 4 4 24
91 Long 1 1 1 1 1 1 6
92 Lowndes 7 8 9 9 9 9 51
93 Lumpkin 8 8 8 8 8 8 48
94 Macon 9 8 8 9 9 8 51
95 Madison 5 5 5 5 5 5 30
96 Marion 4 4 4 4 4 4 24
97 McDuffie 3 5 5 5 5 5 28
98 McIntosh I 1 1 1 1 1 1 6
99 Meriwether 13 13 13 13 13 12 77
100 Miller 5 5 5 5 6 5 30
288
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
CONFEDERATE TABLE No V Continued
WIDOW PENSIONERSCLASS B
SUMMARY BY COUNTIES OF NUMBER OF PENSIONERS FOR FISCAL
YEAR ENDING JUNE 30 1938
COUNTY 1938 TOTAL
Jan Feb Mar Apr May June
101 Mitchell 9 10 10 10 10 10 59
102 Monroe 6 6 5 5 5 4 31
103 Montgomery 2 2 2 2 2 2 12
104 Morgan 9 9 9 9 9 9 54
105 Murray 6 7 7 7 7 7 41
106 Muscogee 24 25 27 28 28 28 160
107 Newton 11 11 11 11 10 10 64
108 Oconee 6 6 6 6 6 6 36
109 Oglethorpe 6 6 8 8 8 8 44
110 Paulding 4 3 3 3 3 3 19
Ill Peach 5 5 5 5 4 4 28
112 Pickens 3 3 3 4 4 4 21
113 Pierce 4 4 5 5 5 4 27
114 Pike 4 4 4 4 4 4 24
115 Polk 6 7 8 7 7 6 41
116 Pulaski 2 2 3 3 3 3 16
117 Putnam 2 2 3 4 5 5 21
118 Quitman 3 3 3 3 3 4 19
119 Rabun 3 4 4 5 5 6 27
120 Randolph 5 5 5 5 5 5 30
121 Richmond 27 28 28 29 30 28 170
122 Rockdale 6 6 6 6 6 6 36
123 Schley 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
124 Screven 5 5 5 5 5 5 30
125 Seminole 3 4 4 4 4 4 23
126 Spalding 8 7 7 7 7 7 43
127 Stephens 8 9 9 9 9 9 53
128 Stewart 5 6 6 6 6 6 35
129 Sumter 14 14 14 13 13 13 81
130 Talbot 2 2 2 2 3 3 14
131 Taliaferro 2 2 2 2 2 2 12
132 Tattnall 4 4 4 4 4 4 24
133 Taylor 5 5 5 5 5 5 30
134 Telfair 6 6 6 6 6 6 36
135 Terrell 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
136 Thomas 14 14 14 14 14 14 84
137 Tift 9 9 9 10 11 11 59
138 Toombs 4 3 3 3 3 3 19
139 Towns 2 2 2 2 3 3 14
140 Treutlen 3 4 4 5 5 5 26
141 Troup 9 9 9 9 9 9 54
142 Turner 2 3 3 3 3 3 17
143 Twiggs 2 2 2 2 2 2 12
144 Union 6 6 6 6 6 6 36
145 Upson 9 10 10 10 10 9 58
146 Walker 4 3 3 3 3 3 19
147 Walton 7 8 8 8 8 8 47
148 Ware 6 6 7 7 7 7 40
149 Warren 4 4 4 4 4 4 24
150 Washington 13 12 12 13 13 13 76
STATE OF GEORGIA
289
CONFEDERATE TABLE No V Continued
WIDOW PENSIONERSCLASS B
SUMMARY BY COUNTIES OF NUMBER OF PENSIONERS FOR FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30 1938
COUNTY 1938 TOTAL
Jan Feb Mar Apr May June
151 Wayne 3 2 2 2 2 2 13
152 Webster 4 3 3 3 3 3 19
153 Wheeler 5 5 6 6 6 6 34
154 White 4 4 4 4 6 6 28
155 Whitfield 9 9 9 9 10 10 56
156 Wilcox 3 2 2 2 2 2 13
157 Wilkes 6 6 6 6 6 6 36
158 Wilkinson 4 5 5 5 5 5 29
159 Worth 6 6 6 6 6 6 36
TOTALS 1189 1218 1242 1261 1271 1259
7440
GRAND TOTAL
Charles A Doolittle C P A Director Accounts and Finance Division
I
PLAN OF OPERATION
The Division of Accounts and Finance administers all financial activities under the various welfare programs conducted by the State Department of Public Welfare
Primarily its duties are disbursing all State County and Federal funds made available to the Department and the maintenance of accounting records reflecting the discharge of accountability Secondarily its duties are the preparation of Federal and State budgets and the requisition of all funds provided thereunder the preparation of all financial reports required by the Federal Departments responsible for Federal participation in the various programs the collection of County participation and audit of financial records maintained by the County Departments Custody of all supplies and equipment has been delegated to this Division
The Division of Accounts and Finance was organized in May 1937 and immediately began formulating a procedure of accounting to reflect the many and varied activities of the State Department of Public Welfare and the County Departments of Public Welfare as contained in the Welfare Acts of 1937 The procedure as installed is designed to reflect among other things the following
1 The requirements of the State Welfare Acts
2 Separate accountability of State and County funds and Federal grantsinaid
3 Separate accountability of the several County Welfare Departments
4 Cumulative disposition of funds
5 Availability of unexpended funds
6 Chronological analyses of the discharge of accountability of the State and County Departments of Public Welfare
7 Separate accountability of the several categorical classes of assistance or other activities of the State and County Welfare Departments
The principal financial records are maintained in this Division and reflect a combination of both manual and machine entries The General Ledger and Cash Journals are posted by manual entries The posting of subsidiary ledgers the actual writing of checks and preparation of check registers and similar mass detail work is done by machine operations
The financial records kept in the counties are of a subsidiary or supplemental nature and are designed in the most economical and simple form to reflect the county participation administrative cost etc in the various activities of the welfare programs These records are supplemented by statements and reports which the Counties furnish the State Department for more detailed and comprehensive financial and analytical recording by this Division
All records and forms have been designed to the end that separate accountability is made for each type of activity included in the State Welfare Acts of 1937 and in addition to reflect such disbursement classifications as are required by the State Budget Bureau in their Manual of Budgetary and Accounting classifications
Types of activity reflected on the records are as follows
Public Assistance Program
Old Age Assistance
Aid to the Blind
Aid to Dependent Children
294
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
Child Welfare Program
Crippled Childrens Program
Confederate Pension Program
State Institutions
Surplus Commodity Program
PUBLIC ASSISTANCE PROGRAM
Financial administration of the Public Assistance Program constitutes the major portion of fiscal operations in this Division because of the volume of mass detail work and the intricate requirements of the Federal and State law
Funds for the payment of public assistance benefits are derived from three sources Counties Federal Government and State appropriations
The ratio of participation in the three categories is as follows
Old age assistance and blind assistance
State
Federal
County
Aid to dependent children
State5623
Federal3313
County10
Separate accountability of State and County funds and Federal grantsinaid is maintained also separate accountability of these funds by the several categorical classes of assistance
Federal funds for the Public Assistance program are authorized under Titles I IV and X of the Social Security ActGrants to State for Old Age Assistance Aid to the Blind and Aid to Dependent Children
The basis for obtaining Federal funds through the Social Security Board is a quarterly estimate of anticipated expenditures which is commonly referred to as a quarterly budget A separate budget is submitted for each category of assistance and estimates are required as to the number of cases average award and total funds for assistance plus the designated percentage of Federal participation in administrative expenses Each budget is supported by a schedule of anticipated assistance payments and estimated State and County participation analyzed by counties The availability of matching State and County funds is certified to by the State Treasurer and Director of the State Department of Public Welfare Changes in the statutes in regard to financial participation or procedures are supported by a certificate of the Attorney General as to the legality of the changes
The Social Security Board after a careful review of the budgets as to correctness of computations availability of matching funds and past expenditures for assistance certifies the budget amounts or adjusted amounts to the Federal Treasury for payment The exact budgets submitted by this Department have in all cases been certified for payment without change in amounts requested
Payments are made monthly to the State Department after deduction for unexpended Federal cash balances carried over from a previous quarter Federal funds in accordance with Federal
40
50
10
STATE OF GEORGIA
295
requirements are carried in a depository account separate from other funds and are not subject to withdrawals until such time as expenditures are made applicable to the activities for which the Federal funds are allocated Federal funds for assistance are immediately available when such actual disbursements are determined and it is not necessary that the State have available sufficient funds to finance the program for any given month In connection with administrative expenses the State Department disburses such funds as are necessary to defray expenses of the State Department and the States prorata share of County Departments expenses directly from State appropriations reimbursing itself in the proper percentages of administrative expenses shared by the Federal Government from Federal funds available for this purpose
The Federal Governments contribution toward administrative expenses is 5 of its prorata share of old age and blind assistance payments and 331 3 of the total administrative expenses chargeable to aid to dependent children
A statement of actual expenditures under each category setting forth the Federal funds earned in accordance with the designated percentages of Federal participation in assistance payments and administrative expenses and accounting for Federal funds received is submitted at the end of each quarter Unexpended Federal cash balances reflected on the quarterly statements of actual expenditures are deducted from payments due the State in the second quarter subsequent to the quarter in which the unexpended balances occurred
All expenditures charged to the Federal Government covering both assistance payments and administrative expenses under the public assistance program are audited by auditors of the Social Security Board An exhaustive audit is conducted not only of the accounting for payments after establishment of eligibility but also of the actual determination of eligibility of recipients
The General Appropriation Act passed by the General Assembly in the 1937 regular session provided State funds for public assistance benefits under section 22 b for other pensions provided by law and as amended in extra session 193738 provides for the payment of county administrative expenses not to exceed 10 of total pensions paid State funds for the operating cost of the Department are provided for under section 22 d for the operating cost of the Department and the cost of other activities authorized by law
The basis for obtaining State funds made available by the General Assembly is a quarterly budget of anticipated expenditures A separate budget is submitted for each appropriation item and estimates are analyzed in accordance with the State Budget Bureaus classifications of expenditures
Payments on appropriations are governed by revenue collections and accordingly are subject to a percentage estimate of availability by the State Budget Bureau Quarterly budgets of estimated expenditures are therefore held within the estimate of available funds
A payment of State funds is made monthly on the basis of a monthly request for funds subject to budget limitations On this request is presented a detailed statement of receipts and disbursements for the previous month and the closing cash balance is deducted from a revolving fund previously determined as sufficient for a months operations applicable to the particular fund The net results are paid by the State Treasurer to the State Department for deposit in the corresponding fund bank account
The Welfare Reorganization Act of 1937 prescribes that the County Commissioner or Board of Commissioners or the constituted fiscal or financial agent of the County shall appropriate funds to maintain the necessary welfare services within the County and to defray the cost of the administration of these services The old age assistance aid to the blind and aid to dependent children acts prescribe that the State Department shall reimburse each County Department to the extent of 90 per cent of the amount expended for assistance and for administration pursuant to
296
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
the provisions of these Acts and provided the County Department shall keep such records and accounts in relation to assistance under these acts as the State Department shall prescribe
County funds made available by county appropriation are requisitioned monthly by the County Director This monthly requisition covers the estimated administrative expenses for the month the countys 10 participation in public assistance awards and funds for other relief activities administered by the County Department with a deduction for unexpended cash funds including the State Departments reimbursement funds for its prorata share of the previous months administrative expenses In some instances the County Department operates under a fixed monthly allotment and the distribution of funds to the various relief activities is made by the County Board or the authority delegated to the County Director
All county funds are deposited in the County Departments bank account subject to check of the County Director only Disbursements for county administrative expenses and other relief activities are made directly by the County Director The countys 10 participation in public assistance awards is submitted to the State Department An accounting for county funds submitted to the State Department is effected through the use of a county cash statement giving effect to county cash received and awards paid also the County Departments prorata share of credits caused by cancelled checks or refunds The balance representing an amount due to or from the County Department is adjusted in subsequent remittances for participation covering assistance
Administration of the public assistance program is primarily vested in the State Department and all disbursements of direct assistance under the program are made by the State Department
Expenditures for assistance are held within the available State County and Federal funds by means of a maximum monthly allotment to each County Funds are allotted to the Counties on a population basis
The Accounts and Finance Division becomes interested in a case only after the County Department has authorized assistance and the authorization with supporting documents has been reviewed and approved by the Public Assistance Division
The first step in the financial procedure relative to the granting of assistance is the issuance of a certificate of award and all such certificates are summarized on form entitled Official Action of the County Department of Public Welfare as to Approved Modified and Cancelled Awards and accompanied by Certification and Signature Cards submitted to the State Department Modifications and cancellations are submitted in a similar manner
Awards modifications and cancellations of awards granted on or before the 25th day of the month are made effective on the first day of the following month If granted after the 25th day of any month it does not become effective before the first day of the second month thereafter No awards of assistance are granted for any period of time other than for a full calendar month
The County Department prepares payment schedules at the close of business on the 25th day of each month for assistance payments to be made in the next subsequent month and submits them to the State Department accompanied by Certificate of Payment Schedules and Countys check for its prorata 10 participation Assistance checks are prepared in this Division and submitted to the County Department on the 15th of each month Checks that are not delivered are returned for cancellation and distribution of credit to the proper participating agencies It is the responsibility of the County Department to effect proper delivery of assistance checks
When refunds and recoveries are obtained from recipients the full amount is remitted to the State Department for deposit and distribution of credit to the proper participating agencies The Federal Governments prorata share is refunded to the U S Treasury and the Countys pro
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297
rata share is credited on the county cash statement and utilized by the County as a deduction from future remittances
The plan of fiscal operations in this Division is designed to provide thorough controls over assistance payments in order to safeguard against erroneous expenditure of public funds The great volume of mass detail work requires controls at every point and great care has been exercised to set up a simple yet complete plan of accounts
To safeguard expenditures and properly record assistance payments there are six points of control set up as follows
1 Certificate Controls
A separate control sfieet is maintained for each type of assistance in each County giving the number of recipients and the total amount paid for assistance in any given month Awards modifications and cancellations are posted in appropriate columns both as to amount and number thereby furnishing detail analyses of all changes during any given month
2 Certificates of Award
Certificates of Award are checked for completeness and correctness of detail Modifications and cancellations are checked against previous active certificates for correctness of changes The county binder of active certificates for each type of assistance must at all times be in agreement with the corresponding Certificate Control
3 Statewide Master Alphabetical Index
Index cards on all cases are filed in a Statewide Master Index File against which all new awards are checked in order to avoid the possibility of a duplicate payment
4 Writing of Checks
Checks for assistance and county check registers are prepared by means of a modern check writing machine Proof sheets of all changes during a month are run on this machine and balanced against the Certificate Controls before the check are prepared A check is written in one operation with name address case number amount in two positions check number and date Check registers are listed by type of assistance in each county in duplicate with name case number amount and check number Checks and check registers are added both as to number and total amount and balanced against the Certificate Controls
5 Individual Payment Record
An individual payment record card is prepared for each recipient reflecting certain data relative to the award Payments are posted to these individual cards by machine entries and totals balanced against the Certificate Controls
6 Signing of Checks
Assistance checks are signed by an automatic checksigner and controlled through a locked meter count which is checked against a predetermined number of checks as scheduled from the Certificate Controls
Administrative expenses of the several County Departments are paid from county funds made available for this purpose Actual disbursements are made from the County Departments bank account The State Department reimburses each County Department to the extent of 90 of the amount expended for administration pursuant to the provisions of the Welfare Acts of 1937
Procedure fo payment of county administrative expenses is predicated upon Section 15 of the Welfare Reorganization Act of 1937
298
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
Section 15 provides as follows
The County Commissioner or Board of Commissioners or the constituted fiscal or financial agent of the County shall make appropriations to maintain the necessary welfare service within the County and to defray the cost of the administration of these services
This section also provides that
Ninetenths of the administration cost of the County Department shall be reimbursed to the County by the State Director of Public Welfare from funds provided or made available for this purpose if the County Department is operated in accordance with rules and regulations prescribed by the State Department
Interpretation by this Department of the foregoing quotations from Section 15 is that the county shall first defray the cost of administration of the necessary welfare services and the State Departments obligation is to reimburse 90 of such cost subject to the definition of administrative expenses set forth in Section 15 as follows
For the purpose of this Act administrative expenses shall mean salaries of the Director of Public Welfare and other employees of the staff of the County Department engaged in the performance of welfare services for which the State makes contribution and the necessary traveling expenses of the County Board and the administrative staff in the performance of the aforesaid services
This quotation from Section 15 clearly defines administrative expenses in which the State Department participates as meaning only salary and travel expense of the County Department devoted to welfare services for which the State makes contribution The State Department does not pay any part of administrative expenses applicable to welfare programs toward which the State makes no contribution for services
Section 15 also provides that
Suitable office space and necessary equipment and supplies shall be provided for the County Department by the County Commissioner or County Commissioners or the constituted fiscal or financial agent of each respective county
The State Department does not participate in the cost of office supplies equipment etc in accordance with this provision
Old age assistance aid to the blind and aid to dependent children are the only welfare programs conducted by the County Departments toward which the State makes contribution therefore participation in administrative expenses is limited to these three programs
The County Departments are furnished a maximum monthly budget for administrative expenses covering the maximum salary and travel expense in which the State Department participates The County Department is reimbursed ninetenths of the total time and travel expense devoted to the three types of public assistance provided the total amount so charged is equal to or less than the amount of the budget but in no instance does the State Department reimburse for an amount in excess of the budget
The administrative budget for each county is set at 10 of the monthly allocation for public assistance benefits in accordance with the amended General Appropriation Act which provides for county administrative expenses not to exceed 10 of total pensions paid The administrative budget is contingent upon the county utilizing the maximum funds allocated for benefits In those counties where the monthly allocation for benefits is less than 100000 the State Board has set a minimum administrative budget of 10000 per month
Each county is required to submit monthly a certified statement of administrative expenses paid for the previous month supported by an individual time report for each employee reflecting
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299
a daily distribution of hours worked to the various relief activities These documents serve as a basis for computing the States prorata share of administrative expenses Reimbursement of State funds is made monthly and is classified as grants to counties for administrative expenses
This Division in order to have proper control of expenditures of State funds exercises certain limitations in connection with administrative expenses other than the budget limitation as to maximum reimbursement
In order to obtain reimbursement county employees must be previously qualified under personnel qualifications set by this Department and paid at the rate of salary for various positions likewise approved The State Department does not participate in any amount in excess of the approved rate Vacation and sick leave are adequately controlled under rules and regulations
Several methods of payment for travel expenses are allowed the County Department but in no instance does this department reimburse for travel in an amount greater than that represented by computing total miles traveled at five cents per mile
No reimbursement is made for items of expense not actually paid from the funds of the County Department and represented by disbursements from the County Departments bank account prior to request for reimbursement
All expenditures pertaining to county administrative expense are audited quarterly by auditors from this Division by a check against the actual disbursements shown on the several County Departments bank account mcords
CHILD WELFARE PROGRAM
Financial administration of the Child Welfare Program is confined to disbursing and accounting for salary travel and general office expense of the Child Welfare Division Funds are not expended for the cost of care of children or for direct assistance
Funds are derived from two sources State appropriation and Federal grantsinaid and separate accountability of funds is maintained Certain activities of the Child Welfare Division are financed jointly from State and Federal funds while other activities are financed entirely from State funds
Federal funds administered by the U S Department of Labor Childrens Bureau are authorized under Title V Part 3 of the Social Security Act and allotted to those States which have approved plans developed jointly by State agencies and the Bureau
An annual budget is submitted prepared on official Bureau forms showing the source or sources of all funds to be expended under the plan and the items in detail for which expenditures are to be made Specific information is required in regard to the location and nature of positions the salary rates and travel expense allotments used in computing the estimates the annual salary rate for each employee number of months to which it applies and any anticipated changes in the rate during the year The availability of State funds is certified to by the State Treasurer and changes in the statutes are supported by a certificate of the Attorney General as to the legality of the changes Provisions are made for amendments to the budget whenever developments make it desirable
The Childrens Bureau conducts a careful review of the budget before approving an allotment of funds to the State
Prior to the beginning of each quarter the State Department submits an estimate of the amount of Federal funds to be expended for activities during such quarter supported by a work sheet reflecting the items on which the estimate is based The proposed expenditure and the details
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
300
covered on the work sheet must always be in accordance with the annual plan and budget previously approved by the Childrens Bureau Certification of funds for payment to the State Department is made quarterly on the basis of the estimate for each quarter taking into account as a deduction any balance of Federal funds carried over by the State Department from preceding quarters
Federal funds are carried in a depository account separate from other funds and are not subject to withdrawals until such time as expenditures are made applicable to the child welfare services provided for under the approved plan and budget A budgetary control account is maintained for each item of proposed expenditure reflected on the budget against which corresponding expenditures are charged thereby establishing an adequate control over these expenditures State laws and regulations governing the disbursement of State funds brought into the plan control the disbursement of funds paid by the Federal Government
A statement of actual expenditures setting forth the Federal State and local public funds received during the quarter and a detail analysis of disbursements made from these funds is submitted at the end of each quarter
Expenditures charged against Federal grantsinaid are audited by Federal auditors for general accountability of Federal funds and conformity with both plan and budget
State funds for child welfare services are provided in the General Appropriation Act passed by the General Assembly in the 1937 regular session under section 22 d for the operating cost of the Department and the cost of other activities authorized by law
Allocation of State funds for this activity is made by the State Department and is not reflected as a separate allocation on the Budget Bureaus records but included under a budget submitted covering operating costs of the department and withdrawals from the State Treasury are made accordingly
Local funds contributed for child welfare services conducted under the Federal plan are disbursed directly by or under the supervision of the several county child welfare units Certified statements of receipts and disbursements are submitted to the State Department for inclusion in the report of expenditures submitted to the Childrens Bureau
CRIPPLED CHILDRENS PROGRAM
Financial administration of the Crippled Childrens Program consists not only of disbursing and accounting for salary travel and general office expense of the Crippled Childrens Division but also the disbursing of funds in behalf of crippled children for diagnosis medical and surgical treatment care in hospitals and convalescent homes and appliances Funds are not expended for assistance payments
Funds are derived fifty per cent from State appropriation and fifty per cent from Federal grantsinaid and separate accountability of funds is maintained
Federal funds administered by the U S Department of Labor Childrens Bureau are authorized under Title V Part 2 of the Social Security Act and allotted to the States in accordance with Section 512 a of the Act
Fiscal operations of this program are minutely controlled through means of an annual plan and budget The budget reflects the source or sources of all funds to be expended and the items in detail for which expenditures are to be made The section of the budget devoted to personal services requires specific information in regard to the location and nature of positions and the salary rates and travel expense allotments used in computing the estimates Proposed expenditures for direct service costs in behalf of the children are set up under medical and surgical costs hospital
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301
ization convalescenthome care and appliances Proposed expenditures for other operating costs are classified under appropriate titles In addition to the control established through the several budget item classifications a detail analysis of all items is required in the plan setting forth full particulars rates of pay for services and other data The availability of State funds is certified to by the State Treasurer and changes in the statutes are supported by a certificate of the Attorney General as to the legality of the changes Provisions are made for amendments to the budget whenever developments make it desirable
Prior to the beginning of each quarter the State Department submits a statement of estimated expenditures and sources of funds for activities during such quarter The Childrens Bureau certifies for payment to the State Department such portion of its allotment as is planned for expenditure in accordance with the quarterly estimate after taking into account as a deduction any balance of Federal funds carried over by the State Department from preceding quarters
As in the case of other Federal funds a separate depository account is maintained and withdrawals are not authorized until such time as expenditures are made applicable to crippled children activities A budgetary control account is maintained for each item of expenditure reflected on the budget State laws and regulations govern the method of disbursement of Federal funds
A statement of actual expenditures similar to report required for child welfare activities is submitted at the end of each quarter
As with all other Federal funds expenditures charged against Federal grantsinaid are audited by Federal auditors for general accountability of Federal funds and conformity with both plan and budget
The General Appropriation Act passed by the General Assembly in the 1937 regular session and as amended in extra session 193738 provides State funds for matching Federal funds allocated to the State for crippled children activities No specific amount is provided for this purpose and direct allocation is made by the State Department
No funds from private sources are used in connection with this program at the present time
CONFEDERATE PENSION PROGRAM
Financial administration of the Confederate Pension Program by the Division of Accounts and Finance is limited to disbursing and accounting for certain administrative expenses of the Confederate Pension Division Funds for Confederate pensions are disbursed by the State Treasurer in accordance with the following procedure
State funds for Confederate pensions are paid from the Cigar and Cigarette Stamp Tax Fund no part of which is matched by Federal or other funds Payrolls covering Confederate pensioners are prepared and submitted by the Ordinaries of the various counties to the Confederate Pension Division of this Department for audit against the pension rolls A requisition covering such pensioners is made on the Governor and checks payable to the Ordinaries covering the total amount of pensions due in each county are prepared by the State Treasurer for transmission to the Ordinaries for payment to each pensioner Receipts signed by each pensioner are returned by the Ordinaries to the Confederate Pension Division for audit against pension rolls
Pension disbursements are reflected on the general accounting records of the Division of Accounts and Finance through control accounts
INSTITUTIONS
State funds for Institutions are provided in the General Appropriation Act passed by the General Assembly in the 1937 regular session under section 22 c for the support and maintenance
302
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
of the State Institutions under the control and management of this Department Allocation to the various Institutions of funds provided under this section is made by the State Department and furnished to the Budget Bureau for inclusion in their records Separate budgets are submitted for each of the several Institutions and withdrawal of funds from the State Treasury are made accordingly
Allocations of State funds receipts and transfers of funds to the Institutions are recorded in the general records of this Division whereas the actual fiscal operations of the Institutions are recorded in separate accounts and records maintained for each Institution These fiscal records are maintained in the central office of this Department for all Institutions with the exception of those for the Milledgeville State Hospital which are maintained at the hospital
SURPLUS COMMODITY PROGRAM
Primarily financial administration of the Surplus Commodity Program is limited to disbursing and accounting for salary travel and general office expense of the Surplus Commodity Division such disbursements being made from State funds provided under section 22 d for the operating cost of the Department and the cost of other activities authorized by law of the General Appropriation Act In addition to the foregoing the State Department acts as sponsoring agency for a WPA commodity distribution project and in this connection collects and disburses county funds donated as sponsors contributions toward the payment of certain distribution expenses
Surplus commodities are purchased and payments made directly to the vendors by the Federal Government through the Federal Surplus Commodities Corporation Proceeds from the sale of shipping containers are deposited by this Division in a special salvage fund account and these funds may be expended only with prior approval of the Federal Surplus Commodities Corporation and are subject to transfer by the Corporation to other state welfare agencies
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303
II
FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
The section of this Annual Report devoted to statements from the Division of Accounts and Finance reflects the financial condition at June 30 1938 and the financial activities for the fiscal year July 1 1937 to June 30 1938 of the State Department of Public Welfare and is submitted in the form of Exhibits and Schedules together with appropriate comments thereon
Exhibits and Schedules are enumerated in the index immediately following these comments
EXHIBIT A
Fund Balance SheetJune 30 1938
This Exhibit reflects the financial condition of the State Department at the close of the fiscal year and is presented in the form of total resources consisting of cash balances and revenue balances in the State Treasury which are offset by specific allotments of State funds unallotted balances of other agencies funds on deposit and surplus balances of State funds In order to properly reflect availability surplus balances that are immediately available are separated from those balances that are available only on a monthly prorata basis over the next fiscal year 193839
This Exhibit is separated into sections namely Public Assistance Administrative Operations Confederate Pension State Institutions and Child WelfareCrippled Children Under each section separated as to funds is shown the balance sheet items applicable to the activities represented by the section
Cash balances by individual fund account are summarized in Schedule No 1 Reconciliation of State Fund Cash Accounts and Schedule No 2 Reconciliation of Federal Fund Cash Accounts
Revenue balances in State Treasury by individual fund account are presented in Schedule No 3 Statement of Fund Revenue Accounts Each appropriation item of State Federal and County funds is shown separately in this schedule and analyzed under appropriate headings in order to reflect amount appropriated amount made available amount collected and fund balance at the close of the fiscal year
Allotments of State funds carried forward to the next fiscal year as continuing allotments are as follows
ALLOTTED STATE FUNDS
State Benefit Funds
Crippled Children 1037310
Public Assistance 23002000
State Administrative Funds
Building 6120000
Accounts Payable etc 1271632
State Pension Funds
Confederate Pensions
State Institutions Funds
Permanent Improvements
TOTAL
24039310
7391632
10000000
2293988 43724930
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
304
Provision was made in March 1938 for crippled children benefits by an allotment of 2500000 from public assistance funds as permitted under amendment to Section 22 b of the General Appropriation Act In order to liquidate encumbrances for children under treatment on June 30 1938 the unexpended balance of this allotment is carried forward as a continuing allotment
Allotted State funds for public assistance benefits and county administrative expense represent an allotment sufficient to pay the States proportionate share of benefits for the month of July and county administrative expenses incurred for the month of June This continuing allotment of 23002000 is based upon the total amount of county budgets for the month of July This Division considers it expedient to have available at the close of each month sufficient State funds to set up an allotment for its proportionate share of benefits and county administrative expenses due and payable in the succeeding month in order that these obligations may at all times be paid promptly when due
Continuing allotment for Building in the amount of 6120000 is in accordance with Executive Order of the Governor transferring this amount from the States Stabilization Fund to the appropriation for other operations for the purpose of providing office space for this Department
Continuing allotment in the amount of 1271632 for accounts payable and encumbrances at June 30 1938 is self explanatory The major portion of this liability is for the purchase of trucks for the distribution of commodities by the Surplus Commodity Division
Allotted State funds for Confederate pensions represent Cigar and Cigarette Stamp Tax funds in the amount of 10000000 carried over to the next fiscal year as a continuing allotment in order that sufficient funds will be available for the payment of July Confederate pensions
Continuing allotment in the amount of 2293988 for permanent improvements at the State Institutions represents the unexpended balance of Chain Store Tax collections which are by law specifically allocated for this purpose
Unallotted Federal funds on deposit with the State on June 30 1938 have been allotted under approved budgets during the first quarter of the fiscal year 193839
Under each section of the Balance Sheet is presented the surplus of State funds applicable to the particular section as follows
SURPLUSSTATE FUNDS Public Assistance Surplus
Available Immediately Available on a monthly Prorata Basis 35586442 31500000 67086442
Administrative Operations Surplus Available Immediately Available on a Monthly Prorata Basis 3046856 3881000 6927856
State Institutions Surplus Available Immediately Administration Available Immediately Available on a Monthly Prorata Basis 14745 367915 20000000 20382660
TOTAL 94396958
STATE OF GEORGIA
305
The total surplus of State funds is not immediately available as reflected in the foregoing tabulation Of the total amount 39015958 is available immediately and the balance of 55381000 is in the State Treasury and is available only on a monthly prorata basis over the next fiscal year The amount available for the next fiscal year represents an additional 10 of State appropriations made available by the Budget Bureau on June 30 1938 and was not available for allotment during the fiscal year under review
The public assistance surplus available immediately in the amount of 35586442 represents funds that have reverted to surplus which was caused by certain counties not using the maximum monthly allotment for benefits each month and is included in the estimate of available State funds for increase in benefit payments effective beginning with the month of July 1938
In establishing a maximum monthly roll for benefits it is necessary that consideration be given at all times to the maximum State funds that will be available from the State appropriation Since payments are governed by revenue collections it is also necessary to give consideration to the fact that collections on the State appropriation may not be in the same amount for each quarter during the year During the fiscal year under review 74 was available for payment This rate was not paid uniformly during the year but on the basis of 80 for the first half of the year and 68 for the last half The maximum monthly allotment for benefits beginning with the month of July 1937 was gradually increased until December 1937 at which time the total benefits allotment for the State plus funds for county administrative expense required a collection of State funds equal to an 80 basis of realization From January through June 1938 no change was made in the maximum monthly allotment although the appropriation for this period was available only on a 68 basis A portion of the accumulated unexpended surplus balance was utilized to carry on operations during this period and had there not been a surplus it would have been necessary to reduce the benefit rolls
Under these circumstances and until a clearer picture could be obtained of the estimated revenue collections for the fiscal year 193839 this Department did not deem it advisable to increase the allotment for benefits It was necessary also that consideration be given to the fact that a benefit roll is a recurring liability and once established sufficient funds must be forthcoming to liquidate the liability each and every month and this liquidation must be figured on the basis of monthly liabilities for a year to avoid periodic reductions in the benefit rolls
An estimate of available State funds for the fiscal year 193839 has been made including surplus funds and allotted funds on June 30 1938 and an increased monthly allotment for benefits has been made effective beginning with the month of July 1938 Liquidation of benefit rolls during the next fiscal year will exhaust all State funds estimated to be available under appropriation for the two year period ending June 30 1939
EXHIBIT B
Reconciliation of Surplus State Funds
This Exhibit reconciles the Surplus State funds at the beginning of the year with the Surplus State funds at the close of the year and thereby reflects the Fund Revenue Expenditures and Continuing allotments
EXHIBIT C
Statement of Revenue Receipts and Expenditures
This Exhibit reflects the cash revenue receipts and expenditures for the period July 1 1937 to June 30 1938
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DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
REVENUE RECEIPTS
Receipts from the State Treasurer to apply on legislative appropriations are summarized as follows
On Appropriation Public Assistance 187424998
On Appropriation State Institutions 149175007
On Appropriation Administrative Operations 32622253
On Appropriation Confederate Pension Administration 312036
Warrants Confederate Pensions 78130200
Allocated Funds Chain Storfe Taxes 11900000
TOTAL459564494
Receipts and disbursements by individual fund account are summarized in Schedule No 1 Reconciliation of State Fund Cash Accounts
Receipts from the Federal Government are summarized as follows
Allocation Public Assistance 184116214
Allocation Child Welfare 5964593
Allocation Crippled Children 2500000
TOTAL192580807
Receipts and disbursements by individual fund account are summarized in Schedule No 2 Reconciliation of Federal Fund Cash Accounts
Receipts from counties covering participation in public assistance benefits amounted to 202 13536 whereas their proportionate share of these benefits amounted to only 20175705 and the difference of 37831 is available to those counties remitting funds in excess of requirements
The State and Federal Governments proportionate share of refunds and recoveries of public assistance benefits amounted to 22915 Remittance has been made to the Federal Government in the amount of 5275 representing its proportionate share of refunds through March 31 1938 Of the remaining 17640 the Federal Government is due 5250
EXPENDITURES
Benefits paid under the Public Assistance Confederate Pension and Crippled Children Programs amounted to 404044973 as follows
Public Assistance Benefits 324057772
Confederate Pension Benefits 77758000
Crippled Children Benefits 2229201
TOTAL 404044973
Public assistance benefits summarized by type of assistance and source of funds are given as follows
STATE OF GEORGIA
307
FUNDS
Type of Assistance TOTAL State Funds County Funds Federal Funds
Regular Equalization Total
Old Age Blind Dependent Children 2 427 923 23 98443 22 714 211 27 971 682 40 39 399 09 404 721 73 89 361 36 3 836 85 28567 74 1 061 043 76 43 235 94 433 289 47 152 917 99 5 985 67 42 853 39 1 213 961 48 49 221 61 238068 41
TOTAL 3 240 577 72 1 415 803 22 121765 95 1 537 56917 201 757 05 1 501 251 50

The ratio of participation in old age and blind assistance is State 40 Federal 50 and County 10 and in dependent children assistance the ratio is State 56 2 3 Federal 33 1 3 and County 10
The State Welfare Act makes provision for an equalization fund payable from State funds for the purpose of assisting those counties which are financially unable to pay their proportionate share of the benefits
Actual county participation during the year under review amounted to 20175705 An additional amount of 12176595 was contributed from the State equalization fund to balance participation due from those counties unable to pay the required ten per cent participation and also additional salaries and travel expense of staffs as required by the State Department because of a shortage in State administrative funds Relief of this nature under the equalization fund was discontinued effective with the month of February at which time the State Department was able to assume full responsibility for its proportionate share of county administrative expense The counties are now paying in full their required participation of ten per cent
Confederate pension benefits summarized by class of pensioner are as follows
FUNERAL TOTAL
CLASS OF PENSIONER PENSIONS EXPENSES BENEFITS
Veterans 7656000 3000 7659000
Widows Class A 47881000 57000 47938000
Widows Class B 22152000 9000 22161000
TOTAL
77689000
69000 77758000
Payments were made from State funds by State Treasury checks issued to the County Ordinaries after certification of the pension payrolls by the Confederate Pension Division No part of these expenditures were matched by Federal or County funds
Crippled Children benefits were paid in the amount of 2229201 and of this amount 1114602 was paid from Federal funds Analysis by class of expenditure is given in Schedule No 40 The ratio of participation is 50 State funds and 50 Federal funds This program was not initiated until April 1938 therefore the benefits under this program represent only three months activities
In Schedule No 4 is given a summary of total benefits paid showing amounts and number of individuals by months and average allowances for public assistance benefits This Schedule also shows the source of funds expressed in amounts and percentages
In Schedule No 4A through No 4P additional analyses of total benefits paid are given by the 159 counties in the State These Schedules are enumerated in the index immediately following these comments
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DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
The number of individuals and amount of benefits wherever shown in this report reflect the net number and amount after deduction for checks returned for cancellation
Transfers to State Institutions for operations amounted to 159558007 Details of financial operations are presented in Schedule No 9 and No 11
Grants to counties for administrative purposes amounted to 24510703 and represent the States prorata share of administrative expenses of the County Departments Prior to the month of February the State reimbursed only its prorata share of the County Directors salaries Effective with the month of February the State reimbursed the County Departments for its prorata share of all authorized salaries and travel expense of approved personnel
In Schedule No 5A is presented an analysis of grants to counties for administration showing amount paid each month to the 159 counties in the State
The cost of administrative operations of the State Department amounted to 40523900 applicable to activities as follows
Public Assistance Program
Child Welfare Program Federal
Child Welfare Program State
Surplus Commodity Program
Confederate Pension Program
Crippled Children Program Federal Crippled Children Program State
State Institutions
TOTAL
26869937
5129090
3830345 8959435
1635168
860929
348088
348088 696176
1502255
40523900
In Schedule No 5 is presented an analysis of administrative operations by object of expenditure and in Schedule No 6 an analysis by activity and object of expenditure
Expenditures covering administrative operations of the State Department and administrative grants to counties were made from the following funds
ADMINISTRATIVE OPERATIONS
State Funds
Administrative Appropriation 22936738
Institutions Appropriation 1502255
Confederate Pension
Administrative Appropriation 312036
Pension Appropriation 372200
Federal Funds
Public Assistance Allocation 9923493
Child Welfare Allocation 5129090
Crippled Children Allocation 348088
TOTAL
25123229
15400671 40523900
GRANTS TO COUNTIES FOR ADMINISTRATION
State Funds
Administrative Appropriation 5895581
Public Assistance Appropriation 18615122
TOTAL 24510703
STATE OF GEORGIA
309
DIVISION OF INSTITUTIONS
The following section of these comments is devoted to the financial operations of the State Institutions
In Schedule No 7 is presented Statement of Assets and Liabilities State Institutions Exclusive of Milledgeville State Hospital June 30 1938
Assets consist of cash balances and revenue balances in the State Treasury Liabilities consist of accounts payable The difference reflects the surplus on June 30 1938
Allocation of funds to the several Institutions is made directly by the State Department from a Jump sum appropriation for State Institutions In Schedule No 8 is presented an analysis by the several Institutions of this allocation the funds made available and revenue balances in the State Treasury
In Schedule No 9 is presented Statement of Revenue Receipts and Expenditures State Institutions Exclusive of Milledgeville State Hospital July 1 1937 to June 30 1938
Revenue receipts represent transfers from the State Department and miscellaneous revenue receipts Expenditures are classified by objects of expenditure separated as to maintenance and outlay
Likewise in Schedule No 10 is presented Statement of Assets and Liabilities Milledgeville State Hospital June 30 1938 and in Schedule No 11 Statement of Revenue Receipts and Expenditures Milledgeville State Hospital July 1 1937 to June 30 1938
SURPLUS COMMODITY FUNDS W P A COMMODITY DISTRIBUTION PROJECT
The State Department acts as sponsoring agency for a W P A commodity distribution project and in this connection collects and disburses county funds donated as sponsor contributions toward the payment of distribution expenses
These funds are accounted for in Schedule No 12 Statement of Receipts and Disbursements County Cash Contributions
SURPLUS COMMODITY SALVAGE FUND
Proceeds from the sale of commodity shipping containers and similar funds transferred to this Department by the Federal Surplus Commodities Corporation from other state welfare agencies are reflected in Schedule No 13 Statement of Receipts and Disbursements Surplus Commodity Salvage Fund These funds may be expended only with prior approval of the Federal Surplus Commodities Corporation
INDEX OF FINANCIAL EXHIBITS AND SCHEDULES FOR THE FISCAL YEAR
JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
EXHIBIT A EXHIBIT B
EXHIBIT C
SCHEDULE 1 SCHEDULE 2
Fund Balance SheetJune 30 1938
Reconciliation of Surplus State Funds Reflecting Fund Revenue Expenditures and Continuing AllotmentsJuly 1 1937 to June 30 1938
Statement of Revenue Receipts and DisbursementsJuly 1 1937 to June 30 1938
Reconciliation of State Fund Cash AccountsJune 30 1938
Reconciliation of Federal Fund Cash AccountsJune 30 1938
310
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
SCHEDULE 3 SCHEDULE 4 SCHEDULE
SCHEDULE
SCHEDULE
SCHEDULE
SCHEDULE
SCHEDULE
SCHEDULE
SCHEDULE
SCHEDULE
SCHEDULE
SCHEDULE
SCHEDULE
SCHEDULE
SCHEDULE
SCHEDULE
SCHEDULE
Statement of Fund Revenue AccountsJune 30 1938
Summary of Total Payments for BenefitsJuly 1 1937 to June 30 1938
4A Statement of Payments for Benefits by County Reflecting Class
of BenefitJuly 1 1937 to June 30 1938
4B Statement of Payments for Benefits by County Reflecting Source of FundsJuly 1 1937 to June 30 1938
4C Statement of Payments for Total Public Assistance Benefits Old Age Assistance Aid to the Blind and Aid to Dependent Children by CountyJuly 1 1937 to June 30 1938
4D Statement of Payments for Old Age Assistance by CountyJuly 1 1937 to June 30 1938
4E Statement of Payments for Aid to the Blind by CountyJuly 1
1937 to June 30 1938
4F Statement of Payments for Aid to Dependent Children by CountyJuly 1 1937 to June 30 1938
4G Statement of Payments for Total Public Assistance Benefits Old Age Assistance Aid to the Blind and Aid to Dependent Children by County Reflecting Source of FundsJuly 1 1937 to June 30
1938
4H Statement of Payments for Old Age Assistance by County Reflecting Source of FundsJuly 1 1937 to June 30 1938
g4I Statement of Payments for Aid to the Blind by County Reflecting Source of FundsJuly 1 1937 to June 30 1938
4J Statement of Payments for Aid to Dependent Children by County Reflecting Source of FundsJuly 1 1937 to June 30 1938
4K Statement of Number of Individuals Receiving Total Public Assistance Benefits Old Age Assistance Aid to the Blind and Aid to Dependent Children by County Reflecting Average Payment per IndividualJuly 1 1937 to June 30 1938
4L Statement of Number of Individuals Receiving Old Age Assistance by County Reflecting Average Payment per IndividualJuly 1 1937 to June 30 1938
4M Statement of Number of Individuals Receiving Aid to the Blind by County Reflecting Average Payment per IndividualJuly 1 1937 to June 30 1938
4N Statement of Number of Individuals Receiving Aid to Dependent Children by County Reflecting Average Payment per Individual July 1 1937 to June 30 1938
40 Statement of Payments for Crippled Children Benefits by County Reflecting Number of Children and Class of ExpenditureJuly 1 1937 to June 30 1938
4P Statement of Payments for Confederate Pension Benefits by County Reflecting Class of PensionerJuly 1 1937 to June 30 1938
STATE OF GEORGIA
311
SCHEDULE 5 SCHEDULE SCHEDULE 6
SCHEDULE 7
SCHEDULE 8 SCHEDULE 9
SCHEDULE 10
SCHEDULE 11
SCHEDULE 12 SCHEDULE 13
Analysis of Administrative Operations by Object of ExpenditureJuly 1
1937 to June 30 1938
5A Statement of Grants to Counties for Administration by County July 1 1937 to June 30 1938
Analysis of Administrative Operations by Activity and Object of ExpenditureJuly 1 1937 to June 30 1938
DIVISION OF INSTITUTIONS
Statement of Assets and Liabilities State Institutions Exclusive of Milledgeville State HospitalJune 30 1938
Statement of Appropriation and Surplus in State TreasuryJune 30 1938
Statement of Revenue Receipts and Expenditures State Institutions Exclusive of Milledgeville State HospitalJuly 1 1937 to June 30 1938
Statement of Assets and Liabilities Milledgeville State HospitalJune 30
1938
Statement of Revenue Receipts and Expenditures Milledgeville State HospitalJuly 1 1937 to June 30 1938
SURPLUS COMMODITY FUNDS
Statement of Receipts and Disbursements County Cash Contributions July 1 1937 to June 30 1938
Statement of Receipts and Disbursements Surplus Commodity Salvage FundJuly 1 1937 to June 30 1938
EXHIBIT A
FUND BALANCE SHEET JUNE 30 1938
RESOURCES ALLOTMENTS SURPLUS AND OTHER AGENCIES FUNDS ON DEPOSIT
PUBLIC ASSISTANCE SECTION
Cash in Bank
Federal Funds 240675 71
State and County Funds 13993831 380 61402
Revenue Balance in State Treasury
State Public Assistance Funds 77175002
Unallotted Federal Funds on Deposit with StateAvailable for Allotment Fiscal Year 193839 24067571
Unallotted County Funds on Deposit for Participation 378 31
Refund Due U S Treasury Account of Recoveries 52 50
Allotted State Funds
Crippled Children Benefits 1037310
Public Assistance Benefits July and County Administrative Expense June 23002000 24039310
Surplus State Funds
Available Immediately 355 86442
Available on a Monthly Prorata
1152 364 04 Basis over Fiscal Year 193839 31500000 670 864 42 Xl152 36404
ADMINISTRATIVE OPERATIONS SECTION
Cash in Bank Allotted State Funds
State Funds 42 967 88 Building from Stabilization Fund 61 200 00
Revenue Balance in State Treasury Accounts Payable and Encumbrances 12 716 32 73 916 32
State Administrative Funds State Administrative Funds Confederate 99 450 00 777 00 100 227 00 Surplus State Funds Available Immediately Available on a Monthly Prorata 143194 88 Basis over Fiscal Year 193839 30 468 56 38 810 00 69 278 56

312 DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
CONFEDERATE PENSION SECTION
Revenue Balance in State Treasury
State Pension Funds
100 000 00
100 000 00
Allotted State Funds Confederate Pensions
100 000 00
100 000 00
STATE INSTITUTIONS SECTION
Cash in Bank
State Funds 14745
Revenue Balance in State Treasury
State Maintenance Funds 203 67915
State Chain Store Tax Funds 22 939 88 226 61903
Allotted State Funds
Permanent Improvements 22939 88
Surplus State Funds
Available Immediately Administration M7 45
Available immediately 3 67915
Available on a Monthly Prorata
226766 48 Basis over Fiscal Year 193839 200 00000 203 826 60 226 76648
Cash in Bank
Federal Funds Child Welfare
Federal Funds Crippled Children
TOTAL RESOURCES
CHILD WELFARE CRIPPLED CHILDREN FEDERAL FUND SECTION
Unallotted Federal Funds on Deposit withStateAvailable for Allotment Fiscal Year 193839
Child Welfare Funds 835503
1037310 Crippled Children Funds 1037310
18 72813 18 72813
TOTAL ALLOTMENTS SURPLUS AND OTHER 164105353 AGENCIES FUNDS1 64105353
NOTE See Special comments relative to Allotted State Funds and Surplus State Funds
STATE OF GEORGIA 313
314
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
EXHIBIT B
RECONCILIATION OF SURPLUS STATE FUNDS REFLECTING FUND REVENUE EXPENDITURES AND CONTINUING ALLOTMENTS JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
Public Assistance Administrative Operations Confederate Pensions State Institutions
SURPLUS STATE FUNDS JULY 11937 Cash Surplus 5 068 54
Balances in State Treasury 43 172 53 100 000 00 15 429 22
Total 48 24107 100 000 00 15 429 22
ADD
Revenue for YearSchedule No3
State Funds
Appropriation Act 2 646000 00
Confederate Administration
Chain Store Tax
Recoveries 12390
Federal Funds
Public Assistance 1 501 251 50
Child Welfare
Crippled Children li 14602
County Funds 201 757 05
382 50000 781 30200 1 680000 00
3 89736
14193988
99 23493 51 29090 3 480 88
Total Revenue Total Available
DEDUCT
Expenditures for Year Exhibit C
Public Assistance Benefits
Crippled Children Benefits
Confederate Pensions
Transfers to Institutions
Grants to Counties
Other Administrative OperationsL
5 4 360 278 47 540 404 07 781 30200 1 821 939 88
5 436027847 588 64514 881 302 00 1 837 36910
324057772
22 292 01
77758000
159558007
18615122 5895581 L
386 494 45 3 722 00 15 022 55
Total Expenditures 344902095 44545026 78130200 161060262
ADD
Continuing Allotments
Crippled Children Benefits 1037310
Public Assistance Benefits 23002000
Accounts Payable etc 1271632 1
Building Allotment 6120000
Confederate Pensions 10000000
Permanent Impv Allotment 2293988
Total Continuing Allotments 240 39310 73 916 32 100 000 00 22 939 88
Total Expenditures and Continuing Allotments 3 689 414 05 519 366 58 881 302 00 1 633 542 50
SURPLUS STATE FUNDS JUNE 30 1938 670 864 42 69 278 56 203 826 60

AVAILABILITY OF SURPLUS
Immediately Available 355 86442 30 46856 3826 60
Available on a Monthly Prorata Basis Fiscal Year
19381939 31500000 3881000 20000000
Total Surplus 67086442 6927856 20382660
STATE OF GEORGIA
315
EXHIBIT C
STATEMENT OF REVENUE RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
REVENUE RECEIPTS
State Treasurer
Appropriation Public Assistancej1874249 98
Appropriation State Institutions 149175007
Appropriation Administrative Operations 326222 53
Appropriation Confederate Pension Administration 312036
Warrants Confederate Pensions 78130200
Allocated Funds Chain Store Taxes 11900000
Federal Government
Allocation Public Assistance184116214
Allocation Child Welfare 59645 93
Allocation Crippled Children 2500000
Counties
Collections Public Assistance
Refund and Recoveries
TOTAL REVENUE RECEIPTS
4 595 644 94
1 925 808 07
202135 36 17640 6 723 764 77
EXPENDITURES
Benefits Paid
Public Assistance Program
Confederate Pensions
Crippled Children Benefits
3 240 577 72 777 580 00
22 292 01 4 040 449 73
Transfers to State Institutions I 59558007
Grants to Counties for Administration 245107 03
Administrative Operations
Public Assistance Programs
Child Welfare Program FederalL 51290 90
Child Welfare Program State 3830345
Surplus Commodity Program
Confederate Pension Program
Crippled Children Program Federal 348088
Crippled Children Program State 3480 88
State Institutions
268 699 37
89 594 35
16 351 68
8 609 29
6 961 76
15 022 55
405 239 00
TOTAL EXPENDITURES
6 286 375 83
Excess Revenue Receipts over Expenditures
Add Cash Balance July 11937l
Cash Balances June 301938
183 053 64 259 403 84
State Funds Federal Funds
437 388 94 5 068 54
442 457 48
316
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
SCHEDULE 1
RECONCILIATION OF STATE FUND CASH ACCOUNTS JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
Public
Assistance
Account
Cash Balance July 1 1937
Administrative Institutions Total State Account Account Fund Accounts
506854 506854
RECEIPTS
State Treasurer Payments on
Appropriations 1 874 249 98
Confederate Administrative Appropriations
Confederate Pension Appropriation Ordinaries Fees
Counties Participation in Public Assistance
Transfers from Public Assistance Account as Reimbursement for Grants to Counties for Administration
Federal Reimbursement for Public Assistance Administration
Federal Reimbursement for Child Welfare Administration
Federal Reimbursement for
Crippled Children Benefits
and Administration 11146 02
Refunds and Recoveries 17640
326 222 53 1 610 750 07 3 811 222 58
3120 36 3 120 36
3 722 00 3 722 00
202135 36
186 151 22 186 151 22
99 234 93 99 234 93
51 290 90 51 290 90
3 480 88 14 626 90 176 40
202135 36
Total Cash Available 2 087 707 76 678 291 36 1 610 750 07 4 376 74919
DISBURSEMENTS
Public Assistance Benefits
State Funds 141580322
State Equalization Funds 121 765 95
County Funds 201 75705
Crippled Children Benefits 22 292 01
Transfers to State Administration Account for Grants to Counties for Administration 186151 22
Transfers to Institutions
Grants to Counties for Administration
Administrative Operations
Total Disbursements 1 947 769 45
1 415 803 22 121 765 95 201 757 05 22 292 01
245107 03
390 216 45
635 323 48
42 967 88
1 595 580 07
15 022 55 1 610 602 62 14745
186 151 22 1 595 580 07
245 107 03 405 239 00
4193 695 55 183 053 64
Cash Balance June 301938
13993831
STATE OF GEORGIA
317
RECONCILIATION OF FEDERAL FUND CASH ACCOUNTS
SCHEDULE 2
ATION OF FEDERAL FUND CASH ACCOUNTS JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938 Cash Balance Advance of Total Cash Disbursements Cash Balance
PUBLIC ASSISTANCE ACCOUNTS
Public Assistance
Old Age 140417772 140417772 121396148 19021624
Blind 5376834 5376834 4922161 454673
Dependent Children 26744955 26744955 23806841 2938114
Total 172539561 172539561 150125150 22414411
Administrative
Old Age 7020887 7020887 6069806 951081
Blind 268791 268791 246105 22686
Dependent Children 42 869 75 42 869 75 36 075 82 6 793 93
Total 11576653 11576653 9923493 1653160
npntal Public
and Administrative 184116214 184116214 160048643 24067571
CHILD WELFARE ACCOUNT
Administrative 5964593 5964593 5129090 835503
CRIPPLED CHILDREN ACCOUNT
Administrative and
Benefits 2500000 2500000 1462690 1037310
GRAND TOTAL 192580807 192580807 166640423 25940384
SCHEDULE 3
STATEMENT OF FUND REVENUE ACCOUNTS JUNE 30 1938
Appropria 16 Re Balance in Total Revenue Balance in
tion for duction in Revenue State Available Receipts State Treas
Fiscal Year 193738 Appro priation for Year Treasury July 11937 for Year for Year ury June 30 1938
AppropriationSection 22 of the General Appropriation Act
Public Assistance
Administrative Operations
Confederate Pensions State Institutions
App r op ria tio nT r a nsferred from Veterans Service for Administrative Operations Confeder ate Pension Division
Chain Store Tax Collections
State Institutions
Recoveries Public
Assistance
TOTAL STATE FUNDS
Availability of Balance
Imme
diately
Available
Proration over Fiscal Year 193839
Available for Permanent Improvements
315000000
38250000 781 302 00 2 000 000 00
4793 36
141 939 88 123 90
460 65914
504 000 00
320 000 00
89600
824 896 00
2 646 000 00
382500 00 781 30200 1 680 000 00
3 897 36
141 939 88 123 90
635 76314
STATE FUNDS
4317253 100 000 00 15 429 22
158 601 75
2 64600000
425 672 53 881 30200 1 695 42922
3 897 36
141 939 88 123 90
794 364 89
1 874 249 98
326 222 53 78130200 1 49175007
3120 36
11900000 123 90
595 768 84
771 75002
9945000 100 000 00 20367915
777 00
22 939 88
1198 59605
456750 02
100 000 00 3 67915
21700
560 64617
315 000 00 38 250 00 20000000
56000
553 810 00
61 200 00
22939 88
84139 88
318 DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
Federal Funds
Public Assistance
Child Welfare
Crippled Children
Recoveries Public Assistance
TOTAL
County Funds Public Assistance
TOTAL OTHER AGENCIES FUNDS
Total Revenue for year State and Other Agencies Funds to Exhibit B
Total Revenue Receipts State and Other Agencies Funds to Exhibit C
OTHER AGENCIES FUNDS
Allotted for Fiscal Year 193738 Deduct Excess Participation Deposited Revenue for Year Fund Balances July 11937 Total Available for Year Revenue Receipts for Year Unallotted Funds June 301938
1 84116214 240 67571 1 600 486 43 1600 486 43 1 84116214 240 675 71
59 645 93 8 355 03 51 290 90 51 290 90 59 645 93 8 35503
2500000 10 37310 14 62690 14 626 90 25 00000 10 37310
5250 5250

1925 80807 259 403 84 1 666 404 23 1 666 404 23 1 925 860 57 259 456 34
202135 36 378 31 201 75705 201 757 05 202135 36 378 31
2 127 943 43 259 78215 1 868161 28 1 868161 28 2127 99593 259 834 65
7 503 924 42
6 723764 77
STATE OF GEORGIA 319
320
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
SCHEDULE 4
SUMMARY OF TOTAL PAYMENTS FOR BENEFITS JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
OLD AGE ASSISTANCE
MONTH AMOUNT NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS AVERAGE ALLOWANCE
July 5736819 5144 1115
August 9412417 8796 1070
September 12650062 12231 1034
October 16550741 16402 1009
November 19583003 19831 987
December 21902503 22331 981
January 23572678 24237 973
February 24673350 25701 960
March 26349050 27720 951
April 27140250 28946 938
May 27436100 29753 922
June 27785350 30581 909
MONTH TOTAL 242792323 AID TO THE BLIND AMOUNT NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS AVERAGE ALLOWANCE
July 29072 21 1384
August 271050 211 1285
September 472800 370 1278
October 678850 543 1250
November 826650 677 1221
December 915150 754 1214
January 988600 819 1207
February 1024800 855 1199
March 1128450 958 1178
April 1156150 991 1167
May 1164850 1017 1145
June 1187900 1049 1132
TOTAL
9844322
STATE OF GEORGIA
321
SCHEDULE 4 Continued ANALYSIS OF TOTAL BENEFITS PAID JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938 AID TO DEPENDENT CHILDREN
MONTH AMOUNT NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS AVERAGE ALLOWANCE NUMBER OF CASES AVERAGE ALLOWANCE
July 858121 1205 712 403 2129
August 2270556 2877 789 992 2289
September 3379950 4182 808 1455 2323
October 4496700 5607 802 1990 2260
November 5687500 7102 801 2531 2247
December 6542450 8206 797 2922 2239
January 7084700 9001 787 3201 2213
February 7607400 9615 791 3441 2211
March 8104050 10231 792 3716 2181
April 8333700 10536 791 3822 2180
May 8453050 10718 789 3910 2162
June 8602950 10940 786 4008 2146
TOTAL 71421127
TOTAL PUBLIC ASSISTANCE BENEFITS
MONTH AMOUNT NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS AVERAGE ALLOWANCE NUMBER OF CASES AVERAGE ALLOWANCE
July 6624012 6370 1040 5568 1190
August 11954023 11884 1006 9999 1196
September 16502812 16783 983 14056 1174
October 21726291 22552 963 18935 1147
November 26097153 27610 945 23039 1133
December 29360103 31291 938 26007 1129
January 31645978 34057 929 28257 1120
February 33305550 36171 921 29997 1110
March 35581550 38909 914 32394 1098
April 36630100 40473 905 33759 1085
May 37054000 41488 893 34680 1068
June 37576200 42570 883 35638 1054
TOTAL324057772
322
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
SCHEDULE 4 Continued ANALYSIS OF TOTAL BENEFITS PAID JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
TYPE OF ASSISTANCE FUNDS COUNTY FUNDS FEDERAL FUNDS
TOTAL STATE FUNDS
Regular Equalization Total
Old Age 2 427 923 23 971 682 40 89 361 36 1 061 043 76 152 917 99 1 213 96148
Blind 98 443 22 39 399 09 3 836 85 43 235 94 5 985 67 49221 61
Dependent Children 714 211 27 404 721 73 28 567 74 433 289 47 42 853 39 238 068 41
Total Public
Assistance 3 240 577 72 1 415 803 22 121 765 95 1537569 17 201 757 05 1 501 251 50
PERCENTAGES
Od Age 100 00 40 02 368 43 70 6 30 50 00
Blind 100 00 40 02 3 90 43 92 6 08 50 00
Dependent Children 100 00 56 67 4 00 60 67 6 00 33 33
Total 100 00 43 69 3 76 47 45 6 22 46 33
CONFEDERATE PENSION BENEFITS
MONTH STATE FUNDS AMOUNT OF BENEFITS TOTAL NET NUMBER OF PAYMENTS
Total Amount Soldiers Class A WIDOWS Class B WIDOWS
July 49 440 00 7 320 00 42120 00 1 648
August 49 230 00 7170 00 42060 00 1 641
September 48 750 00 7 080 00 41 670 00 1625
October 48 420 00 7 050 00 41 370 00 1 614
November 47 850 00 6 960 00 40 890 00 1 595
December 47 170 00 6 750 00 40 420 00 1 570
January 8lj 090 00 6 120 00 39 960 00 35 010 00 2 703
February 81 510 00 5 820 00 39 300 00 36 390 00 2 717
March 81 600 00 5 760 00 38 730 00 37110 00 2 720
April 81 390 00 5580 00 38 130 00 37680 00 2 713
May 80 970 00 5490 00 37 650 00 37 830 00 2 699
June 80 160 00 5 490 00 37 080 00 37 590 00 2 672
Total 777 580 00 76 590 00 479 380 00 221 610 00 25 917
STATE OF GEORGIA
323
SCHEDULE 4 Continued ANALYSIS OF TOTAL BENEFITS PAID JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
CRIPPLED CHILDREN BENEFITS No Payments Prior to May 1938
MONTH TOTAL AMOUNT STATE FUNDS FEDERAL FUNDS
May 37500 18750 18750
June 2191701 10 958 49 10 958 52
Total 22 292 01 11 145 99 11146 02
Number of Cases Accepted for Treatment
220
FUNDS
TYPE OF BENEFITS TOTAL BENEFITS STATE FUNDS COUNTY FUNDS FEDERAL FUNDS
Regular Equalization Total
Public Assistance Confederate Pensions Crippled Children Total All Benefits PERCENTAGES Public Assistance Confederate Pensions Crippled Children TOTAL 3 240 577 72 777 580 00 22 292 01 1 415 803 22 777 580 00 11145 99 121 765 95 1 537 569 17 777 580 00 11 145 99 201 757 05 1 501 251 50
11146 02
4 040 449 73 2 204 529 21 121 765 95 2 326 295 16 201 757 05 1 512 397 52
100 00 100 00 100 00 43 69 100 00 50 00 3 76 47 45 100 00 50 00 6 22 46 33
50 00
100 00 54 56 3 02 57 58 4 99 37 43
324
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
SCHEDULE 4A
STATEMENT OF PAYMENTS FOR BENEFITS BY COUNTY REFLECTING CLASS OF BENEFIT JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
COUNTY PUBLIC ASSISTANCE CRIPPLED CHILDREN CONFEDERATE PENSIONS TOTAL BENEFITS
1 Appling 1007772 10607 441000 1459379
2 Atkinson 957800 26064 72000 1055864
3 Bacon 907010 5607 90000 1002617
4 Baker 1002500 27889 66000 109389
5 Baldwin 1474900 8107 543000 2026007
6 Banks 1351701 5607 408000 1765308
7 Barrow 1711000 11214 378000 2100214
8 Bartow 3645550 5608 666000 4317158
9 Ben Hill 1587700 5608 288000 1881308
10 Rprrinn 1623430 204000 1827430
11 Bibb 7839820 11608 2409000 10260428
12 Bleckley 1147805 16108 144000 1307913
13 Brantley 903900 5608 84000 993508
14 Brooks 1225900 543000 1768900
15 Bryan 798904 5608 144000 948512
Ifi Bulloch 3333400 11216 450000 3794616
17 Burke 3314437 11216 459000 3784653
18 Butts 1303006 5609 585000 1893615
19 Calhoun 1045900 43427 255000 1344327
20 Camden 778200 117000 895200
21 Candler 1168900 5609 84000 1258509
22 Carroll 2634300 6610 1425000 4065910
23 Catoosa 1227800 5610 249000 1482410
24 Charlton 618023 18000 636023
2 Fi Chatham 11377975 1806000 13183975
26 Chattahoochee 702900 11610 51000 765510
27 Chattooga 1457550 5610 465000 1928160
28 Cherokee 2897250 5610 960000 3862860
29 Clarke 2182050 40430 906000 3128480
30 Clay 867100 11110 114000 992210
31 Clayton 1222750 5610 249000 1477360
32 Clinch 973834 11220 114000 1099054
33 Cobb 3130600 52940 1344000 4527540
34 Coffee 2603400 231000 2834400
35 Colquitt 2730750 11220 540000 3281970
STATE OF GEORGIA
325
SCHEDULE 4A Continued
STATEMENT OF PAYMENTS FOR BENEFITS BY COUNTY REFLECTING CLASS OF BENEFIT JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
COUNTY PUBLIC ASSISTANCE CRIPPLED CHILDREN CONFEDERATE PENSIONS TOTAL BENEFITS
36 Columbia 1143415 144000 1287415
37 Cook 1395758 f 5610 288000 1689368
38 Coweta 2521757 26830 816000 3364587
39 Crawford 926200 25720 312000 1263920
40 Crisp 1872300 5610 315000 2192910
41 Dade 528150 126000 6541 50
42 Dawson 461350 354000 8153 50
43 Decatur 1705641 5610 447000 2158251
44 DeKalb 4724400 1431000 61554 00
45 Dodge 2514707 5610 468000 2988317
46 Dooly 2115900 5610 282000 2403510
47 Dougherty 2895682 64940 585000 3545622
48 Douglas 1318400 15310 357000 1690710
49 Early 1546840 13710 282000 1842550
50 Echols 334780 26220 72000 433000
51 Effingham 1281600 11220 153000 1445820
52 Elbert 1824150 42330 564000 2430480
53 Emanuel 3060978 52510 597000 3710488
54 Evans 879800 5610 183000 1068410
55 Fannin 1668630 150000 18186 30
56 Fayette 959940 3420 00 13019 40
57 Floyd 4461850 9110 939000 5409960
58 Forsyth 1382400 10110 549000 1941510
59 Franklin 2087550 22110 588000 2697660
60 Fulton 48418590 10356000 58774590
61 Gilmer 1048900 7010 450000 1505910
62 Glascock 586892 8610 171000 766502
63 Glynn 2712751 5610 414000 3132361
64 Gordon 878357 10110 777000 1665467
65 Grady 1566250 11220 561000 2138470
66 Greene 1312250 22610 801000 2135860
67 Gwinnett 2728600 29045 984000 3741645
68 Habersham 1792530 5610 789000 2587140
69 Hall 3975500 12720 1254000 52422 20
70 Hancock 1425300 17720 240000 1683020
71 Haralson 1855200 103860 297000 2256060
72 Harris 943800 41330 306000 1291130
326
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
SCHEDULE 4A Continued
STATEMENT OF PAYMENTS FOR BENEFITS BY COUNTY REFLECTING CLASS
OF BENEFIT JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
PUBLIC CRIPPLED CONFEDERATE TOTAL
COUNTY ASSISTANCE CHILDREN PENSIONS BENEFITS
73 Hart 1953130 1 75400 651000 2679530
74 Heard 691400 102000 793400
75 Henry 1978740 5610 465000 2449350
76 Houston 1300665 5610 270000 1576275
77 Irwin 1422550 249000 1671550
78 Jackson 2860700 8710 834000 3703410
79 Jasper 1178725 5610 294000 1478335
80 Jeff Davis 1018750 5610 72000 1096360
81 Jefferson 2008200 11220 408000 2427420
82 Jenkins 1484500 5610 108000 1598110
83 Johnson 1365400 17070 213000 1595470
84 Jones 1125250 16110 267000 1408360
85 Lamar 1210000 7610 375000 1592610
86 Lanier 616900 5610 33000 655510
87 Laurens 2498682 24720 627000 3150402
88 TPf 805350 162000 967350
89 Liberty 1076750 5610 54000 1136360
90 Lincoln 1124960 24526 216000 1365486
91 Long 494150 5610 18000 517760
92 Lowndes 3844145 13220 744000 4601365
93 Lumpkin 710600 5610 213000 929210
94 Macon 2018096 8610 378000 2404706
95 Madison 1743561 21410 456000 2220971
96 Marion 903620 21830 216000 1141450
97 McDuffie 1289850 9210 411000 1710060
98 McIntosh 690800 5610 36000 732410
99 Meriwether 1873105 16830 735000 2624935
100 Miller 1122825 86910 285000 1494735
101 Mitchell 1991522 11820 468000 2471342
0 Mnnrnp 1598350 411000 2009350
103 Montgomery 1315300 23720 276000 1615020
104 Morgan 1635800 15720 360000 2011520
105 Murray 1256600 5610 411000 1673210
106 Muscogee 4592406 14610 933000 5540016
107 Newton 1967650 7610 573000 2548260
108 Oconee 868750 37020 318000 1223770
109 Oglethorpe 1496200 24920 786000 2307120
STATE OF GEORGIA
327
SCHEDULE 4A Continued
STATEMENT OF PAYMENTS FOR BENEFITS BY COUNTY REFLECTING CLASS
OF BENEFIT JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
COUNTY PUBLIC ASSISTANCE CRIPPLED CHILDREN CONFEDERATE PENSIONS TOTAL BENEFITS
110 Paulding 1594800 315000 1909800
111 Peach 1391195 5610 297000 1693805
112 Pickens 1256612 6110 183000 1445722
113 Pierce 1686100 5610 219000 1910710
114 Pike 636400 5610 369000 1011010
115 Polk 2742500 64140 330000 3136640
116 Pulaski 1196300 5610 264000 1465910
117 Putnam 1058300 61220 285000 1404520
118 Quitman 461973 16110 126000 604083
119 Rabun 926900 11220 339000 1277120
120 Randolph 1483042 31520 306000 1820562
121 Richmond 9070650 19220 1629000 10718870
122 Rockdale 1015435 292000 1307435
123 Schley 668350 72000 740350
124 Screven 1485650 11220 228000 1724870
125 Seminole 760272 174000 934272
126 Spalding 3068056 5810 591000 36648 66
127 Stephens 1679850 6110 951000 2636960
128 Stewart 1381700 25220 432000 1838920
129 Sumter 1968500 951000 2919500
130 Talbot 808446 11220 186000 1005666
131 Taliaferro 596150 11220 144000 751370
132 Tattnall 1959582 5610 231000 2196192
133 Taylor 793150 5610 414000 1212760
134 Telfair 1295246 44720 447000 1786966
135 Terrell 1721000 5610 252000 1978610
136 Thomas 2254050 789000 3043050
137 Tift 1721200 11220 432000 2164420
138 Toombs 2296468 18720 243000 2558188
139 Towns 506150 5610 279000 790760
140 Treutlen 856050 53800 150000 1059850
141 Troup 4315930 825000 5140930
142 Turner 1456300 267000 1723300
143 Twiggs 768125 24220 324000 1116345
144 Union 773750 6110 525000 1304860
145 Upson 1805581 5610 645000 2456191
328
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
SCHEDULE 4A Continued
STATEMENT OF PAYMENTS FOR BENEFITS BY COUNTY REFLECTING CLASS OF BENEFIT JULY 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
COUNTY PUBLIC ASSISTANCE CRIPPLED CHILDREN CONFEDERATE PENSIONS TOTAL BENEFITS
146 Walker 1072950 17720 303000 1393670
147 Walton 2838550 21370 660000 3519920
148 Ware 2563150 5610 318000 2886760
149 Warren 1311100 216000 1527100
150 Washington 1338450 16120 642000 1996570
151 Wayne 1847800 5610 414000 2267410
152 Webster 681260 5610 114000 800870
153 Wheeler 1163950 16110 189000 1369060
154 White 885200 13110 318000 1216310
155 Whitfield 2384856 510000 2894856
156 Wilcox 1346750 5610 159000 1511360
157 Wilkes 1562350 33230 546000 2141580
158 Wilkinson 1276796 14220 255000 1546016
159 Worth 1577950 5610 534000 2117560
TOTAL 324057772 2229201 77758000 404044973
NOTE This represents the net amount after deducting all refunds
330
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
SCHEDULE 4B
STATEMENT OF PAYMENTS FOR BENEFITS BY COUNTY REFLECTING SOURCE OF FUNDS JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
PUBLIC ASSISTANCE BENEFITS
U U U JN 1 jl
State Funds County Funds Federal Funds Total Funds
1 Appling 4 757 35 1 00777 4 312 60 10 077 72
2 Atkinson 4 459 33 535 70 4 582 97 9 578 00
3 Bacon 4 646 18 567 60 3 856 32 9 070 10
4 Baker 5 016 22 53090 4 477 88 10 025 00
5 Baldwin 7 038 11 995 40 6 715 49 14 749 00
6 Banks 5 905 39 1 022 84 6 588 78 13 517 01
7 Barrow 8 118 89 879 80 8 111 31 17110 00
8 Bartow 16 806 43 2 085 02 17 564 05 36 455 50
9 Ben Hill 7 035 20 1 285 90 7 555 90 15 877 00
10 Berrien 7 612 72 1 063 11 7 558 47 16 234 30
11 Bibb 35 854 84 5 267 52 37 275 84 78 398 20
12 Bleckley 5 261 90 60700 5 60915 11 478 05
13 Brantley 4 486 98 510 80 4 041 22 9 039 00
14 Brooks 5 539 65 835 45 5 883 90 12 259 00
15 Bryan 3 763 43 415 10 3 810 51 7 989 04
16 Bulloch 16 076 14 1 832 15 15 425 71 33 334 00
17 Burke 16 268 20 2 002 10 14 874 07 33 144 37
18 Butts 6 005 90 668 81 6 355 35 13 030 06
19 Calhoun 4 796 17 691 65 4 971 18 10 459 00
20 Camden 3 644 40 514 90 3 622 70 7 782 00
21 Candler 5 637 93 652 60 5 398 47 11 689 00
22 Carroll 12 146 84 1 701 85 12 494 31 26 343 00
23 Catoosa 602234 654 60 5 601 06 12 278 00
24 Charlton 2 873 78 618 02 2 688 43 6180 23
25 Chatham 54 430 78 6 664 45 52 684 52 113 779 75
26 Chattahoochee 2 872 21 695 30 3 461 49 7 029 00
27 Chattooga 6 818 90 1 049 05 6 707 55 14 575 50
28 Cherokee 14 337 29 1 515 90 13 119 31 28 972 50
29 Clarke 9 060 59 2 162 60 10 597 31 21 820 50
30 Clay 3 905 08 547 95 4 217 97 8 671 00
31 Clayton 5 486 22 939 65 5 801 63 12 227 50
32 Clinch 4 719 96 509 39 4 508 99 9 738 34
33 Cobb 14 444 42 2 102 20 14 759 38 31 306 00
34 Coffee 13 326 70 1 628 32 11 078 98 26 034 00
35 Colquitt 12 829 69 1 896 25 12 581 56 27 307 50
36 Columbia 5 461 87 623 82 5 348 46 11 434 15
37 Cook 7 048 96 793 67 6 114 95 13 957 58
38 Coweta 11 220 84 1 709 06 12 287 67 25 217 57
39 Crawford 4 363 42 482 85 4 415 73 9 262 00
40 Crisp 9 768 54 1 038 65 7 915 81 18 723 00
41 Dade 2 667 91 29410 2 319 49 5 281 50
42 Dawson 2 028 52 295 40 2 289 58 4 613 50
43 Decatur 8 439 88 1 125 59 7 490 94 17 056 41
44 DeKalb 23 049 44 3 176 50 21 018 06 47 244 00
45 Dodge 11 590 79 1 454 99 12 101 29 25147 07
46 Dooly 10 115 78 1 238 00 9 805 22 21159 00
47 Dougherty 13 479 09 1 554 43 13 923 30 28 956 82
48 Douglas 6 375 29 69115 6117 56 13184 00
49 Early 7 032 08 1141 54 7 294 78 15 468 40
50 Echols 1 565 23 209 37 1 573 20 3 347 80
STATE OF GEORGIA
331
SCHEDULE 4B
STATEMENT OF PAYMENTS FOR BENEFITS BY COUNTY REFLECTING SOURCE OF FUNDS JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
CRIPPLED CHILDREN BENEFITS CONFED I ERATE PENSIONS STATE FUNDS TOTAL BENEFITS
State Funds Federal Funds Total Funds State Funds County Funds Federal Funds Total Funds
1 5303 53 04 106 07 4 410 00 9 220 38 1007 77 4 365 64 14 593 79
2 130 32 130 32 26064 720 00 5 309 65 535 70 4 713 29 10 558 64
3 28 03 28 04 56 07 900 00 5 574 21 567 60 3 884 36 10 026 17
4 139 44 139 45 278 89 660 00 5 815 66 530 90 4 617 33 10 963 89
5 40 53 40 54 8107 5 430 00 12 508 64 995 40 675603 20 260 07
6 28 04 28 03 56 07 4 080 00 10 013 43 1 022 84 6 616 81 17 653 08
7 56 07 56 07 112 14 3 780 00 11 954 96 87980 8167 38 21 002 14
8 28 04 2804 56 08 6660 00 23 494 47 2 085 02 17 592 09 43171 58
9 28 04 28 04 56 08 2 880 00 9 943 24 1 285 90 7 583 94 18 813 08
10 2 040 00 9 652 72 1 063 11 7 558 47 18 274 30
11 58 04 58 04 116 08 24 090 00 60 002 88 5 267 52 37 333 88 102 604 28
12 80 54 80 54 161 08 1 440 00 6 782 44 607 00 5 689 69 13 079 13
13 28 04 28 04 56 08 840 00 5 355 02 510 80 4 069 26 9 935 08
14 5 430 00 10 969 65 835 45 5 883 90 17 689 00
15 28 04 28 04 56 08 1 440 00 5 231 47 415 10 3 838 55 9 485 12
16 56 08 56 08 112 16 4 500 00 20 632 22 1 832 15 15 481 79 37 946 16
17 56 08 56 08 112 16 4 590 00 20 914 28 2 002 10 14 930 15 37 846 53
18 28 04 28 05 56 09 5 850 00 11 883 94 668 81 6 383 40 18 936 15
19 21714 217 13 434 27 2 550 00 7 563 31 691 65 5 188 31 13 443 27
20 1170 00 4 814 40 514 90 3 622 70 8 952 00
21 28 05 28 04 56 09 840 00 6 505 98 652 60 5 426 51 12 585 09
22 33 05 33 05 66 10 14 250 00 26 429 89 1 701 85 12 527 36 40 659 10
23 28 05 28 05 56 10 2 490 00 8 540 39 654 60 5 629 11 14 824 10
24 180 00 3 053 78 618 02 2 688 43 6 360 23
25 18 060 00 72 490 78 6 664 45 52 684 52 131 839 75
26 58 05 58 05 116 10 510 00 3 440 26 695 30 3 519 54 7 655 10
27 28 05 28 05 56 10 4 650 00 11 496 95 1 049 05 6 735 60 19 281 60
28 28 05 28 05 56 10 9 600 00 23 965 34 1 515 90 13 147 36 38 628 60
29 20215 202 15 404 30 9 060 00 18 322 74 2 162 60 10 799 46 31 284 80
30 55 55 55 55 111 10 1 140 00 5 100 63 547 95 4 273 52 9 922 10
31 28 05 28 05 56 10 2 490 00 8 004 27 939 65 5 829 68 14 773 60
32 56 10 56 10 112 20 1 140 00 5 916 06 509 39 4 565 09 10 990 54
33 264 70 264 70 529 40 13 440 00 28149 12 2102 20 15 024 08 45 275 40
34 2 310 00 15 636 70 1 628 32 11 078 98 28 344 00
35 56 10 5610 112 20 5 400 00 18 285 79 1 896 25 12 637 66 32 819 70
36 1 440 00 6 901 87 623 82 5 348 46 12 87415
37 28 05 28 05 56 10 2 880 00 9 957 01 793 67 6143 00 16 893 68
38 134 15 134 15 268 30 8 160 00 19 514 99 1 709 06 12 421 82 33 645 87
39 128 60 128 60 257 20 3 120 00 7 612 02 482 85 4 544 33 12 639 20
40 28 05 28 05 56 10 3 150 00 12 946 59 1 038 65 7 943 86 21 929 10
41 1 260 00 3 927 91 294 10 2 319 49 6 541 50
42 3 540 00 5 568 52 295 40 2 289 58 8153 50
43 28 05 28 05 56 10 4 470 00 12937 93 1 125 59 7 518 99 21 582 51
44 14 310 00 37 359 44 3176 50 21 018 06 61 554 00
45 28 05 28 05 5610 4 680 00 16 298 84 1 454 99 12129 34 29 883 17
46 28 05 2805 5610 2 820 00 12 963 83 1 238 00 9 833 27 24 03510
47 324 70 324 70 649 40 5 850 00 19 653 79 1 554 43 14 248 00 35 456 22
48 76 55 76 55 153 10 3 570 00 10 021 84 69115 6194 11 16 907 10
49 68 55 68 55 137 10 2 820 00 9 920 63 1141 54 7 363 33 18 425 50
50 13110 131 10 262 20 72000 2 416 33 209 37 1 704 30 4 330 00
332
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
SCHEDULE 4B Continued
STATEMENT OF PAYMENTS FOR BENEFITS BY COUNTY REFLECTING SOURCE OF FUNDS JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
COUNTY PUBLIC ASSISTANCE BENEFITS
State Funds County Funds Federal Funds Total Funds
51 Effingham 5 926 76 80785 6 081 39 12 816 00
52 Elbert 8 333 00 1 206 90 8 701 60 18 241 50
53 Emanuel 14 764 50 1 683 08 14162 20 30 609 78
54 Evans 4 279 96 542 05 3 975 99 8 798 00
55 Fannin 7 680 32 1 02610 7 979 88 16 686 30
56 Fayette 4 328 94 606 69 4 663 77 9 599 40
57 Floyd 20 405 36 2 943 25 21 269 89 44 618 50
58 Forsyth 5 905 72 1 27415 6 64413 13 824 00
59 Franklin 9 61217 1 088 25 10 175 08 20 875 50
60 Fulton 241 916 05 26 021 74 216 24811 484185 90
61 Gilmer 4 488 26 99710 5 003 64 10 489 00
62 Glascock 2 679 64 404 05 2 785 23 5 868 92
63 Glynn 11 459 80 2 712 75 12 954 96 27 127 51
64 Gordon 3 672 53 843 51 4 267 53 8 783 57
65 Grady 7192 42 1 119 85 7 350 23 15 662 50
66 Greene 6 028 55 843 90 6 25005 13122 50
67 Gwinnett 12 390 49 1 891 45 13 004 06 27 28600
68 Habersham 8 921 70 1 172 58 7 831 02 17 925 30
69 Hah 19169 68 2 657 92 17 927 40 39 755 00
70 Hancock 6 440 28 94115 6 871 57 14 253 00
71 Haralson 9 111 34 1 073 94 8 366 72 18 552 00
72 Harris 4178 33 65810 4 601 57 9 438 00
73 Hart 9 11318 1 017 23 9 400 89 19 531 30
74 Heard 3158 53 556 75 3198 72 6 914 00
75 Henry 9162 09 1110 89 9 514 42 19 787 40
76 Houston 6 028 89 82512 6152 64 13 006 65
77 Irwin 6 950 23 892 30 6 382 97 14 225 50
78 Jackson 12 728 25 1 818 60 14 06015 28 607 00
79 Jasper 5 435 53 624 63 5 727 09 11 787 25
80 Jeff Davis 4 863 78 565 65 4 758 07 10187 50
81 Jefferson 9 362 75 1 508 01 9 211 24 2008200
82 Jenkins 7 50014 887 80 6 457 06 14 845 00
83 Johnson 6 28618 851 85 6 515 97 13 65400
84 Jones 5 071 76 712 99 5 467 75 11 252 50
85 Lamar 5 584 66 803 55 5 71179 12100 00
86 Lanier 2 816 33 47710 2 875 57 6169 00
87 Laurens 11 390 09 1 746 59 11 85014 24 986 82
88 Lee 3 535 85 594 35 3923 30 8 053 50
89 Liberty 5 234 45 599 50 4933 55 10 767 50
90 Lincoln 5 244 69 611 80 5 393 11 11 249 60
91 Long 2 33319 31800 2 290 31 4 941 50
92 Lowndes 19 536 56 2 206 20 16 698 69 38441 45
93 Lumpkin 3 235 80 383 90 3 486 30 7106 00
94 Macon 9 507 76 1172 90 9 500 30 20180 96
95 Madison 8 086 58 1 059 00 8 290 03 17 435 61
96 Marion 4171 91 478 87 4 385 42 9 036 20
97 McDuffie 5 970 38 681 80 6 246 32 12 898 50
98 McIntosh 3 280 01 501 20 3126 79 6 908 00
99 Meriwether 8 438 69 1 362 51 8 929 85 18 731 05
100 Miller 5 349 91 686 73 5191 61 11 228 25
101 Mitchell 9 254 42 1 373 62 9 28718 19 915 22
102 Monroe 7 341 35 898 25 7 743 90 15 983 50
103 Montgomery 6 160 34 734 75 6 257 91 13153 00
104 Morgan 7 262 46 1 000 40 8 09514 16 358 00
105 Murray 5 827 70 77400 5 964 30 12 566 00
STATE OF GEORGIA
333
SCHEDULE 4B Continued
STATEMENT OF PAYMENTS FOR BENEFITS BY COUNTY REFLECTING SOURCE OF FUNDS JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
CRIPPLED CHILDREN BENEFITS CONFED ERATE PENSIONS STATE FUNDS TOTAL BENEFITS
State Funds Federal Funds Total Funds State Funds County Funds Federal Funds Total Funds
51 5610 5610 11220 153000 7 512 86 80785 6137 49 14 458 20
52 211 65 211 65 423 30 5 640 00 14184 65 1 206 90 8 913 25 24 304 80
53 262 55 262 55 52510 5 970 00 20 997 05 1 683 08 14 424 75 37104 88
54 55 56 2805 2805 5610 1 830 00 1 500 00 3 420 00 9 390 00 6138 01 9 180 32 7 748 94 542 05 1 02610 606 69 4 004 04 7 979 88 4 663 77 21 315 44 10 684 10 18186 30 13 019 40 54 099 60
57 45 55 45 55 9110 29 840 91 2 943 25
58 50 55 5055 10110 5 490 00 11 446 27 1 27415 6 694 68 19 41510
59 60 110 55 110 55 221 10 5 880 00 103 560 00 15 602 72 345 476 05 1 088 25 26 021 74 10 285 63 216 248 11 26 976 60 587 745 90
61 3505 3505 7010 4 500 00 9 023 31 99710 5 038 69 15 059 10
62 43 05 4305 86 10 1 710 00 4 432 69 404 05 2 828 28 7 665 02
63 28 05 2805 56 10 4 140 00 15 627 85 2 712 75 12 983 01 31 323 61
64 5055 5055 101 10 7 770 00 11 493 08 843 51 4 318 08 16 654 67
65 5610 5610 112 20 5 610 00 12 858 52 1119 85 7 406 33 21 384 70
66 113 05 113 05 22610 8 010 00 14 151 60 843 90 6 36310 21 358 60
67 145 22 145 23 290 45 9 840 00 22 375 71 1 891 45 13149 29 37 416 45
68 2805 28 05 5610 7 890 00 16 839 75 1172 58 7 859 07 25 871 40
69 63 60 63 60 127 20 12 540 00 31 773 28 2 657 92 17 991 00 52 422 20
70 88 60 88 60 177 20 2 400 00 8 928 88 94115 6 96017 16 830 20
71 519 30 519 30 1 038 60 2 970 00 12 600 64 1 073 94 8 886 02 22 560 60
72 206 65 206 65 413 30 3 060 00 7 444 98 65810 4 808 22 12 911 30
73 74 377 00 377 00 754 00 6 510 00 1 020 00 16 00018 4178 53 1 017 23 556 75 9 777 89 3198 72 26 795 30 7 934 00
75 28 05 2805 56 10 4 650 00 13 840 14 1 110 89 9 542 47 24 493 50
76 77 2805 28 05 56 10 2 700 00 2 490 00 8 756 94 9 440 23 82512 892 30 6180 69 6 382 97 15762 75 1671550
78 43 55 4355 87 10 8 340 00 21 111 80 1 818 60 14 103 70 37 034 10
79 28 05 2805 56 10 2 940 00 8 403 58 624 63 5 75514 14 783 35
80 28 05 2805 56 10 720 00 5 611 83 565 65 478612 10 963 60
81 5610 56 10 112 20 4 080 00 13 498 85 1 508 01 9 267 34 24 274 20
82 28 05 28 05 56 10 1 080 00 8 60819 887 80 6 485 11 15 981 10
83 85 35 85 35 170 70 2 130 00 8 501 53 851 85 6 601 32 15 954 70
84 80 55 80 55 161 10 2 670 00 7 822 31 712 99 5 548 30 14 083 60
85 38 05 3805 7610 3 750 00 9 372 71 803 55 5 749 84 15 92610
86 28 05 28 05 5610 33000 3 174 38 47710 2 903 62 6 55510
87 88 123 60 123 60 247 20 6 270 00 1 620 00 17 783 69 5155 85 1 746 59 594 35 11 973 74 3 923 30 31 50402 9 673 50
89 28 05 2805 56 10 54000 5 802 50 599 50 4 961 60 11 363 60
90 122 63 122 63 245 26 2 160 00 7 527 32 611 80 5 515 74 13 654 86
91 2805 2805 5610 18000 2 541 24 31800 2 318 36 5 177 60
92 6610 6610 132 20 7 440 00 27 042 66 2 206 20 16 764 79 46 013 65
93 28 05 28 05 56 10 2 130 00 5 393 85 383 90 3 514 35 9 29210
94 4305 4305 86 10 3 780 00 13 330 81 1172 90 9 543 35 24 047 06
95 107 05 107 05 21410 4 560 00 12 753 63 1 059 00 8 39708 22 209 71
96 10915 10915 218 30 2160 00 6 44106 478 87 4 494 57 11 414 50
97 46 05 4605 9210 4 110 00 10126 43 681 80 6 292 37 17100 60
98 28 05 2805 5610 360 00 3 668 06 501 20 3154 84 7 32410
99 8415 8415 168 30 7 350 00 15 872 84 1 362 51 9 014 00 26 249 35
100 434 55 434 55 86910 2 850 00 8 634 46 686 73 5 62616 14 947 35
101 5910 5910 118 20 4 680 00 13 993 52 1 373 62 9 346 28 24 713 42
102 4110 00 11 451 35 898 25 7 743 90 20 093 50
103 118 60 118 60 237 20 2 760 00 9 038 94 734 75 6 376 51 16150 20
104 78 60 7860 157 20 3 600 00 10 941 06 1 000 40 817374 20115 20
105 2805 28 05 5610 4 110 00 9 965 75 77400 5 992 35 1673210
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
SCHEDULE 4B Continued
STATEMENT OF PAYMENTS FOR BENEFITS BY COUNTY REFLECTING OF FUNDS JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
SOURCE
COUNTY
106
107
108
109
110
Muscogee
Newton
Oconee
Oglethorpe Paulding
111 Peach
112 Pickens
113 Pierce
114 Pike
115 Polk
116 Pulaski
117 Putnam
118 Quitman
119 Rabun
120 Randolph
121 Richmond
122 Rockdale
123 Schley
124 Screven
125 Seminole
126
127
128
129
130
Spalding Stephens Stewart Sumter Talbot
131 Taliaferro
132 Tattnall
133 Taylor
134 Telfair
135 Terrell
136 Thomas
137 Tift
138 Toombs
139 Towns
140 Treutlen
141
142
143
144
145
Troup
Turner
Twiggs
Union
Upson
146 Walker
147 Walton
148 Ware
149 Warren
150 Washington
151 Wayne
152 Webster
153 Wheeler
154 White
155 Whitfield
156 Wilcox
157 Wilkes
158 Wilkinson
159 Worth
PUBLIC ASSISTANCE BENEFITS
State Funds County Funds Federal Funds Total Funds
22 377 12 9199 29 3 93515 6 856 18 7 75819 3 280 26 1 094 58 482 20 878 35 85610 20 266 68 9 382 63 4 27015 7 227 47 7333 71 4592406 19 676 50 8 687 50 14 962 00 15 948 00
6 537 19 5 988 13 8 803 17 2 866 08 12 943 67 707 64 67129 961 28 479 60 1 799 75 6 66712 5 906 70 7 096 55 3 018 32 12 681 58 13 911 95 12 56612 16 861 00 6 364 00 27 425 00
5 50310 4 653 42 2 141 82 4 314 52 6 472 66 805 85 791 20 378 57 483 70 1108 42 5 654 05 5138 38 2 099 34 4 470 78 7 249 34 11 963 00 10 583 00 4 619 73 9 269 00 14 830 42
45 866 28 4 671 84 3158 82 6 634 58 3 463 67 5 065 25 50919 364 20 99010 527 97 39 774 97 4 973 32 3160 48 7 231 82 3 611 08 90 706 50 10154 35 6 683 50 14 856 50 7 602 72
14 031 19 7 870 56 6 383 91 8 833 91 3 590 42 1 615 60 980 30 871 45 1 498 60 536 90 15 033 77 7 947 64 6 561 64 9 352 49 3 95714 30 680 56 16 798 50 13 817 00 19 685 00 8 084 46
2 553 63 9 430 72 3 491 73 6 056 13 7 941 98 485 50 1 097 88 592 95 926 45 1 002 40 2 922 37 9 067 22 3 846 82 5 969 88 8 265 62 5 961 50 19 595 82 7 931 50 12 952 46 17 210 00
10 678 68 8 508 39 11 59514 2 477 52 4119 65 1 510 60 1 028 05 1 211 03 261 90 547 45 10 351 22 7 675 56 10158 51 2 322 08 3 893 40 22 540 50 17 212 00 22 964 68 5 061 50 8 560 50
19 925 51 6 91619 3 477 09 3 565 91 8 497 21 2 854 91 1 094 25 53713 49310 1175 64 20 378 88 6 552 56 3 66703 3 67849 8 382 96 43159 30 14 563 00 7 681 25 7 737 50 18 055 81
4 752 76 12 906 82 13 328 75 6 023 69 6199 26 87900 1 61910 1 873 20 722 90 970 44 5 097 74 13 859 58 10 429 55 6 364 41 6 214 80 10 729 50 28 385 50 25 631 50 13 111 00 13 384 50
9 280 04 2 871 35 5443 41 4130 08 11 577 48 963 90 571 66 620 35 53510 1 666 41 8 23406 3 369 59 5 57574 4186 82 10 604 67 18478 00 6 812 60 11 639 50 8 852 00 23 848 56
6 096 90 6 910 87 6135 90 7 497 47 92970 1 037 65 787 53 1182 55 6 440 90 7 674 98 5 844 53 7 09948 13 467 50 15 623 50 12767 96 1 15 779 50
jl 537 56917 1 20175705 1 501 251 50 3 240 577 72
NOTE This represents the net amount after deducting all refunds
STATE OF GEORGIA
SCH DULE 4B Continued
STATEMENT OF PAYMENTS FOR BENEFITS BY COUNTY REFLECTING SOURCE OF FUNDS JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
CRIPPLED CHILDREN BENEFITS CONFED ERATE PENSIONS STATE FUNDS TOTAL BENEFITS
State Funds Federal Funds Total Funds State Funds County Funds Federal Funds Total Funds
106 7305 7305 14610 9 330 00 31 78017 3 280 26 20 339 73 55 40016
107 38 05 38 05 7610 5 730 00 14 967 34 1 094 58 9 420 68 25 482 60
108 18510 18510 370 20 3180 00 7 300 25 482 20 4 455 25 12 237 70
109 124 60 124 60 249 20 7 860 00 14 840 78 878 35 7 352 07 23 071 20
110 3150 00 10 90819 85610 7 333 71 19 098 00
111 28 05 2805 56 10 2 970 00 9 535 24 707 64 6 69517 16 938 05
112 30 55 30 55 6110 1 830 00 7 848 68 671 29 5 937 25 14 457 22
113 28 05 28 05 5610 2190 00 11 021 22 961 28 7124 60 1910710
114 28 05 28 05 5610 3 690 00 6 584 13 479 60 3 046 37 1011010
115 320 70 320 70 641 40 3 300 00 16 564 37 1 799 75 13 002 28 31 366 40
116 28 05 28 05 5610 2 640 00 817115 805 85 5 68210 14 65910
117 30610 30610 612 20 2 850 00 7 809 52 791 20 5 444 48 14 045 20
118 80 55 80 55 16110 1 260 00 3 482 37 378 57 2 179 89 6 040 83
119 5610 56 10 112 20 3 390 00 7 760 62 483 70 4 526 88 12 771 20
120 157 60 157 60 315 20 3 060 00 9 690 26 1 108 42 7 406 94 18 205 62
121 96 10 96 10 192 20 16 290 00 62 252 38 5 065 25 39 871 07 107188 70
122 2 920 00 7 591 84 50919 4 973 32 13 074 35
123 720 00 3 878 82 364 20 3160 48 7 403 50
124 5610 5610 112 20 2 280 00 8 970 68 990 10 7 287 92 17 248 70
125 1 740 00 5 203 67 527 97 3 611 08 9 342 72
126 29 05 2905 58 10 5 910 00 19 970 24 1 615 60 15 062 82 36 648 66
127 30 55 30 55 61 10 9 510 00 17 411 11 980 30 7 97819 26 369 60
128 12610 12610 252 20 4 320 00 10 830 01 87145 6 687 74 18 389 20
129 9 510 00 18 343 91 1 498 60 9 352 49 29195 00
130 5610 5610 112 20 1 860 00 5 506 52 536 90 4 013 24 10 056 66
131 56 10 56 10 112 20 1 440 00 4 049 73 485 50 2 978 47 7 513 70
132 28 05 28 05 56 10 2 310 00 11 768 77 1 097 88 9 095 27 21 961 92
133 2805 28 05 5610 4140 00 7 659 78 592 95 3 874 87 12 127 60
134 223 60 223 60 447 20 4 470 00 1074973 926 45 6193 48 17 869 66
135 28 05 28 05 5610 2 520 00 10 490 03 1 002 40 8 293 67 19 786 10
136 7 890 00 18 568 68 1 510 60 10 351 22 30 43050
137 5610 56 10 112 20 4 320 00 12 884 49 1 028 05 7 731 66 21 644 20
138 9360 93 60 187 20 2 430 00 14118 74 1 211 03 10 252 11 25 581 88
139 28 05 2805 5610 2 790 00 5 295 57 261 90 2 350 13 7 907 60
140 269 00 26900 538 00 1 500 00 5 888 65 547 45 4162 40 10 598 50
141 8 25000 28175 51 2 854 91 20 378 88 51 409 30
142 2 670 00 9 58619 1 094 25 6 552 56 17 233 00
143 12110 121 10 242 20 3 240 00 6 83819 53713 3 78813 11163 45
144 30 55 30 55 6110 5 250 00 8 846 46 493 10 3 709 04 13 048 60
145 28 05 2805 5610 6 450 00 14 975 26 1175 64 8 411 01 24 561 91
146 88 60 88 60 177 20 3 030 00 7 871 36 87900 5186 34 13 936 70
147 106 85 106 85 213 70 6 600 00 19 613 67 1 61910 13 966 43 35199 20
148 28 05 28 05 5610 3180 00 16 536 80 1 873 20 10 457 60 28 867 60
149 2160 00 8183 69 722 90 6 364 41 15 271 00
150 80 60 8060 161 20 6 420 00 12 699 86 970 44 6 295 40 19 965 70
151 2805 2805 56 10 4140 00 13 448 09 963 90 8 26211 22 67410
152 28 05 2805 56 10 1140 00 4 039 40 571 66 3397 64 8008 70
153 80 55 8055 16110 1 890 00 7 413 96 620 35 5 656 29 13 690 60
154 65 55 65 55 13110 3180 00 7 375 63 53510 4 252 37 1216310
155 5100 00 16 677 48 1 666 41 10 604 67 28 948 56
156 2805 2805 5610 1 590 00 7 714 95 929 70 6 468 95 15113 60
157 16615 16615 332 30 5 460 00 12 53702 1 037 65 7 841 13 21 415 80
158 7110 7110 142 20 2 550 00 8 757 00 787 53 5 915 63 15 46016
159 2805 2805 5610 5 340 00 12 865 52 1182 55 7127 53 21175 60
11145 9911146 0222 292 01 777 580 00 2 326 29516 201 757 05jl512397521 4 040 449 73
336
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
SCHEDULE 4C
STATEMENT OF PAYMENTS FOR TOTAL PUBLIC ASSISTANCE BENEFITS OLD AGE ASSISTANCE AID TO THE BLIND AND AID TO DEPENDENT CHILDREN BY COUNTY JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
COUNTY July 1937 August 1937 September 1937 October 1937 November 1937 December 1937
1 Appling 872 4300 22050 29550 47750 47750
2 Atkinson 378 50 62000 68200 750 00 810 50 90800
3 Bacon 127 60 29900 52200 78100 854 00 897 50
4 Baker 1000 503 00 692 50 80050 90500 944 50
5 Baldwin 10200 23400 402 00 569 00 957 50 1159 00
6 Banks 615 67 875 67 967 67 1058 00 1142 50 1 261 50
7 Barrow 33650 94800 1 236 00 1 365 00 1 54100 1 678 00
8 Bartow 2 017 00 2 333 00 2 561 00 2 810 50 3 066 00 3 429 00
9 Ben Hill 123 50 355 00 785 50 1 281 50 1 594 50 1 544 00
10 Berrien 389 30 693 00 979 50 1182 50 1 361 00 1 411 50
11 Bibb 1 428 11 2 117 09 2 819 50 4153 00 5198 00 6 335 50
12 Bleckley 62 55 360 00 610 00 882 50 1 092 50 1 222 00
13 Brantley 1600 436 00 59200 74500 83400 887 00
14 Brooks 7700 137 50 275 00 476 50 834 50 987 50
15 Bryan 247 04 44400 590 50 64200 715 00 704 00
16 Bulloch 541 50 1 442 00 1 907 00 2 260 50 2 672 50 3 346 00
17 Burke 670 87 1 413 50 1 638 50 1 936 50 2175 00 2 561 50
18 Butts 47006 81100 927 50 1 004 50 1101 00 1 241 00
19 Calhoun 58 50 15700 29900 454 50 738 50 828 50
20 Camden 2450 260 50 360 50 517 00 788 00 746 50
21 Candler 271 50 451 50 654 50 912 50 984 50 1183 50
22 Carroll 7200 126 50 1 003 00 1 700 00 2 018 50 2185 00
23 Catoosa 16500 487 50 77100 1 037 50 1144 50 1 244 50
24 Charlton 238 23 40400 44400 46450 537 00 582 00
25 Chatham 2 978 45 4 659 80 5 932 00 7 390 50 8 897 50 9 865 00
26 Chattahoochee 11100 359 00 44900 551 00 60050 639 50
27 Chattooga 1400 179 00 382 00 592 50 78400 1199 50
28 Cherokee 1 561 50 1 848 00 2 044 00 2 227 00 2 447 00 2 614 50
29 Clarke 14700 49000 924 50 1 544 00 1 772 50 2124 00
30 Clay 194 50 30700 456 50 627 00 805 50 80300
31 Clayton 9200 336 50 473 50 908 50 1184 00 1 276 50
32 Clinch 25342 642 92 686 00 773 50 85900 94200
33 Cobb 106 50 44000 890 50 1 363 00 1 947 00 2 535 00
34 Coffee 77400 933 00 1 354 00 1 928 00 2 433 00 2 631 00
35 Colquitt 8650 27400 429 50 1 071 00 1 858 00 2148 50
36 Columbia 305 15 416 50 584 50 969 00 1 068 00 1 110 00
37 Cook 314 45 510 13 679 37 896 13 1 208 50 1 331 00
38 Coweta 155 57 422 50 589 00 1 055 50 1 621 00 2 261 50
39 Crawford 10500 37100 668 50 78100 84700 892 00
40 Crisp 475 00 82900 1 093 00 1 478 00 1 604 00 1 611 50
41 Dade 26 00 78 50 388 50 457 00 502 50 553 00
42 Dawson 42 50 221 00 354 50 345 00 417 00 417 00
43 Decatur 13 91 24 50 141 00 485 50 1 329 50 1 824 50
44 DeKalb 46050 1173 00 1 763 50 2 476 50 2 870 00 3 798 50
45 Dodge 604 57 1 368 00 2107 00 2185 50 2 615 00 2 504 00
46 Dooly 538 00 952 00 1 262 00 1 623 00 1 864 00 1 865 00
47 Dougherty 494 32 1 208 50 1 515 50 2 490 50 2 670 50 2 793 50
48 Douglas 8900 815 50 977 50 1 074 00 1 181 00 1296 00
49 Early 94 90 184 00 194 50 695 00 1 044 50 1135 00
50 Echols 73 80 109 50 149 00 252 00 317 50 349 50
STATE OF GEORGIA
337
SCHEDULE 4C
STATEMENT OF PAYMENTS FOR TOTAL PUBLIC ASSISTANCE BENEFITS OLD AGE ASSISTANCE AID TO THE BLIND AND AID TO DEPENDENT CHILDREN BY COUNTY JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
J anuary 1938 February 1938 March 1938 April 1938 May 1938 June 1938 TOTAL
1 74600 1158 50 1 439 50 1 655 00 1 774 50 1 781 50 10 077 72
2 89800 90800 89900 90800 90800 908 00 9 578 00
3 94050 93700 904 50 946 00 92300 93800 9 07010
4 1 053 50 1 030 00 1 058 50 1 063 00 1 016 50 94800 10 025 00
5 1 371 50 1481 50 1 785 00 1 990 00 2 238 50 245900 14 749 00
6 1 280 50 1 270 50 1 235 00 1 260 00 1 274 50 1 275 50 13 517 01
7 1 659 00 1 635 00 1 685 00 1 686 50 1 672 50 1 667 50 17110 00
8 3 347 00 3 349 00 3 406 00 3 386 00 3 370 00 3381 00 36 455 50
9 1 569 00 1 616 50 1 741 00 1 755 00 1 758 00 1 753 50 15 877 00
10 1 464 50 1 52700 1 746 00 1 845 00 1 776 00 1859 00 16 234 30
11 7 237 00 8158 50 9 977 50 10 401 00 10 228 00 10 345 00 78 398 20
12 1178 50 1 205 50 1 210 00 1 220 50 1 22200 1 212 00 11 47805
13 898 50 926 50 911 50 946 00 92500 921 50 9 039 00
14 1193 50 1 425 00 1 576 00 1 716 00 1 697 50 1 863 00 12 259 00
15 76700 767 50 781 00 78100 765 50 78450 7 989 04
16 3 571 00 3 366 00 3 543 50 3 576 50 3 559 50 3 548 00 33 334 00
17 3 411 50 3 844 50 3 855 50 3 874 50 3 849 50 3 913 00 33144 37
18 1 232 50 1 233 00 1 247 50 1 251 00 1 259 00 1 252 00 13 030 06
19 1108 00 1 215 50 1 370 50 1 408 00 1 418 00 1 403 00 10 459 00
20 794 50 839 00 867 50 85800 86700 85900 7 782 00
21 1184 50 1184 50 1 21000 1 222 00 1 221 00 1 209 00 11 689 00
22 2 35500 2 528 50 2 973 00 3 424 00 3 77000 4187 50 26 343 00
23 1 208 00 1 222 00 1 24900 1 262 00 1 261 00 1 226 00 12 278 00
24 59100 590 50 591 00 577 00 58400 57700 6180 23
25 10 414 50 11167 50 12 557 50 13 511 50 13 416 50 12989 00 113 779 75
26 64450 65050 67300 739 00 78500 82700 7 029 00
27 1 493 00 1 734 00 2 033 50 2 068 00 2048 00 2 048 00 1457550
28 2 687 50 2 705 00 2 700 50 2 697 50 2 72000 2 720 00 28 972 50
29 2 211 00 2 224 00 2 364 00 2 481 00 2 695 00 2 843 50 21 820 50
30 906 50 912 50 93300 892 50 91600 91700 8 671 00
31 1 354 50 1 261 00 1 327 50 1 362 50 1 316 00 1 335 00 12 227 50
32 93500 88500 92500 945 50 945 50 945 50 9738 34
33 3141 00 3 524 50 3 940 50 4 217 50 4 421 00 4 779 50 31 30600
34 2 673 00 2 608 00 2 666 00 2 668 00 2 683 00 2 683 00 26 034 00
35 2 647 00 3 274 00 3 522 50 3 798 00 4087 00 4 111 50 27 307 50
36 1126 00 1149 00 1181 00 1172 00 1184 00 1169 00 11 43415
37 1 387 50 1 535 50 1 523 00 1 538 00 1 518 00 1 516 00 13 95758
38 2 590 00 3 115 00 3 374 50 3 371 00 3 336 00 3 32600 25 217 57
39 905 50 93500 93600 93800 939 00 94400 9 26200
40 1 723 00 1 763 00 1 927 50 2 013 00 2 082 50 2123 50 1872300
41 546 00 553 00 542 50 552 50 541 00 541 00 5 281 50
42 471 50 459 50 471 00 473 00 473 00 468 50 4 613 50
43 2116 50 2138 50 2123 00 2 241 00 2 230 50 2 388 00 17 056 41
44 4 654 50 5 433 50 6166 00 6157 00 6136 50 615500 47 244 00
45 2 856 00 2 846 50 2 869 50 1 235 50 1 717 50 2 238 00 25147 07
46 1 940 50 1 978 50 2 233 00 2 275 50 2 317 00 2 310 50 21159 00
47 2 764 00 2 989 50 2 986 50 3 007 50 3027 00 3 009 50 28 956 82
48 1 294 00 1284 50 1 293 50 1 291 00 1 287 50 1 300 50 13184 00
49 470 50 1 567 00 1 971 50 2 271 00 2422 50 2418 00 15 468 40
50 351 50 340 00 352 00 352 00 348 50 35200 3 347 80
338
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
SCHEDULE 4C Continued
STATEMENT OF PAYMENTS FOR TOTAL PUBLIC ASSISTANCE BENEFITS OLD AGE ASSISTANCE AID TO THE BLIND AND AID TO DEPENDENT CHILDREN BY COUNTY JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
COUNTY July 1937 August 1937 September 1937 October 1937 November 1937 December 1937
51 Effingham 288 50 40200 54800 92750 118900 132900
52 Elbert 4 50 113 00 126 50 661 00 1 594 00 1 726 00
53 Emanuel 583 78 1 293 50 1 575 50 2101 50 2 519 50 3 066 50
54 Evans 190 50 339 00 443 00 630 00 725 00 934 00
55 Fannin 355 65 572 65 760 00 1 144 50 1 545 00 1 738 50
56 Fayette 30 90 90 00 166 50 441 50 826 00 1133 00
57 Floyd 290 50 537 50 1 519 00 2 400 00 3 142 00 3 961 50
58 Forsyth 388 50 547 00 832 50 1 028 00 1 158 00 1 332 5U
59 Franklin 621 00 415 00 1 166 00 1 759 50 1 924 00 2139 00
60 Fulton 17 740 40 27 466 50 33 509 00 37 372 50 41 315 00 42 550 00
61 Gilmer 575 50 671 00 735 50 815 00 897 00 962 50
62 Glascock 79 42 269 50 409 00 488 00 537 00 586 00
63 Glynn 855 41 1 513 60 1 970 50 2 170 00 2 334 50 2 623 00
64 Gordon 12 57 13 00 67 00 272 00 474 50 695 50
65 Grady 85 50 119 00 144 00 512 00 850 00 1 220 00
66 Greene 73 50 177 50 374 00 580 00 800 50 1 238 00
67 Gwinnett 295 00 701 00 1 131 50 1 444 00 1 742 00 2 231 00
68 Habersham 630 80 1 036 50 1 289 00 1 403 50 1 576 00 1 711 50
69 Hall 1 475 50 1 860 50 2 322 00 3 103 00 3 454 00 3 504 50
70 Hancock 174 50 463 00 708 50 857 00 1 022 00 1 201 50
71 Haralson 731 50 1 106 00 1 245 00 1 361 50 1 616 00 1 76900
72 Harris 48 50 68 00 208 00 523 00 558 00 726 00
73 Hart 101 80 967 00 1 136 00 1 609 50 1 738 50 1 980 00
74 Heard 91 00 199 00 255 00 314 50 346 75 400 75
75 Henry 196 40 612 00 1 092 50 1 407 00 1 674 00 1 937 50
76 Houston 172 15 356 00 708 00 903 50 1 173 50 1179 50
77 Irwin 19000 461 00 662 00 855 50 1140 00 1 278 00
78 Jackson 539 00 1 233 00 1 737 00 2 401 00 2 611 00 2 902 00
79 Jasper 216 25 510 00 738 50 978 00 1 068 00 1 237 50
80 Jeff Davis 153 50 408 00 440 50 754 50 953 00 980 50
81 Jefferson 163 50 269 00 478 50 885 50 1178 00 1 822 50
82 Jenkins 94 00 395 00 584 00 1 017 00 1 209 50 1 404 00
83 Johnson 10 00 228 00 447 50 747 00 932 50 1 228 50
84 Jones 100 00 270 50 491 50 868 00 1 093 00 1127 00
85 Lamar 34 00 160 00 533 00 1 044 00 1 099 00 1 320 50
86 Lanier 10 00 10 00 199 00 420 50 645 00 679 00
87 Laurens 23 66 79316 941 50 1 294 50 1 479 00 1 696 00
88 Lee 163 50 431 50 450 50 487 00 507 50 514 50
89 Liberty 185 00 547 50 686 00 848 00 989 00 1 014 50
90 Lincoln 607 81 714 79 776 00 880 00 960 00 1 029 00
91 Long 85 00 116 50 173 50 312 50 439 00 531 00
92 Lowndes 654 45 1 559 50 2 210 00 3 196 50 3 641 50 3 981 00
93 Lumpkin 378 50 42950 491 00 554 00 603 00 659 00
94 Macon 219 96 600 50 994 00 1 316 50 1 939 00 1 955 50
95 Madison 149 47 465 64 673 00 905 00 1 408 50 1 872 50
96 Marion 77 20 329 50 528 50 700 50 853 00 939 50
97 McDuffie 668 50 830 00 896 50 1 003 00 1104 00 1174 50
98 McIntosh 127 50 229 50 313 00 47000 564 50 582 50
99 Meriwether 195 55 259 00 499 50 647 00 934 00 1 U23 50
100 Miller 85 25 345 00 471 00 792 00 1 079 50 1 220 50
STATE OF GEORGIA
339
SCHEDULE 40 Continued
STATEMENT OF PAYMENTS FOR TOTAL PUBLIC ASSISTANCE BENEFITS OLD AGE ASSISTANCE AID TO THE BLIND AND AID TO DEPENDENT CHILDREN BY COUNTY JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 3G 1938
J anuary 1938 February 1938 March 1938 April 1938 May 1938 June 1938 TOTAL
51 131100 1 321 00 1 381 00 1 371 50 1 374 00 1 373 50 12 816 00
52 2 055 50 2185 00 2 341 00 2 492 50 2 440 50 2 502 00 18 241 50
53 3 246 50 3 244 00 3 273 00 3 231 00 3 232 00 3 243 00 30 609 78
54 918 00 896 50 917 50 938 00 93600 930 50 8 798 00
55 1 764 50 1 774 00 1 750 00 1 756 50 1 774 00 1 751 00 16 686 30
56 1 132 00 1180 50 1140 00 1 160 50 1 132 00 1 166 50 9 599 40
57 4 227 00 4 585 00 5 384 50 5 963 50 6 181 50 6 426 50 44 618 50
58 1 389 00 1 390 00 1 424 50 1 459 50 1 431 50 1 443 00 13 824 00
59 2 143 50 2 116 50 2 134 50 2152 50 2146 50 2 157 50 20 875 50
60 44 291 50 46 419 00 48 326 00 48 407 00 48 479 50 48 309 50 484185 90
61 947 00 965 50 978 00 987 00 968 00 987 00 10 489 00
62 591 00 575 00 582 00 584 00 591 00 577 00 5 868 92
63 2 629 50 2 627 00 2 622 50 2 640 00 2 552 50 2 589 00 27127 51
64 902 50 1 005 50 1 195 50 1 265 00 1 380 50 1 500 00 8 783 57
65 1 619 00 1 779 50 2 090 50 2 352 50 2 412 50 2 478 00 15 662 50
66 1 496 50 1 646 50 1 687 50 1 688 00 1 68850 1 672 00 13 122 50
67 2 410 00 2 879 00 3 383 50 3 627 00 3 743 50 3 698 50 27 286 00
68 1 698 00 1 687 00 1 734 00 1 718 50 1 714 00 1 726 50 17 925 30
69 3 808 00 3 990 00 4 085 00 4 037 00 4 054 50 4 061 00 39 755 00
70 I 389 00 1 456 00 1 718 50 1 725 00 1 774 00 1 764 00 14 253 00
71 1 782 00 1 767 00 1 801 50 1 781 50 1 804 00 1 787 00 18 552 00
72 1 069 50 1 078 00 1 187 00 1 271 00 1 351 50 1 349 50 9 438 00
73 1 985 00 1 905 50 2 021 50 2 026 50 2 026 00 2 034 00 19 531 30
74 412 50 628 50 834 00 1 051 00 1 195 00 1 186 00 6 914 00
75 2 121 50 2129 00 2152 00 2 149 00 2 148 50 2 168 00 19 787 40
76 1185 00 1 213 00 1 533 00 1 531 00 1 521 00 1 531 00 13 006 65
77 1 476 50 1 606 00 1 637 50 1 654 00 1 611 00 1 654 00 14 225 50
78 2 885 00 2 776 00 2 871 00 2 890 00 2 889 00 2 873 00 28 607 00
79 1 218 00 1123 00 1184 00 1162 00 1184 00 1168 00 11 787 25
80 1 020 00 1 096 50 1 084 00 1 103 00 1 091 00 1103 00 10187 50
81 2 314 50 2 342 50 2 541 50 2 676 00 2 725 00 2 685 50 20 082 00
82 1 517 50 1 701 00 1 729 00 1 728 00 1 733 00 1 733 00 14 845 00
83 1 542 00 1666 00 1 696 00 171100 1 721 00 1 724 50 13 654 00
84 1 222 00 1 216 50 1 211 00 1 217 00 1 214 00 1 222 00 11 252 50
85 1 310 50 1 304 50 1 316 00 1 328 50 1 324 00 1 326 00 12100 00
86 709 00 709 00 709 00 709 00 676 00 693 50 6169 00
87 2110 00 2311 00 2 701 50 3 546 00 3848 00 4 242 50 24 986 82
88 583 50 761 50 999 50 1 052 50 1 057 00 1 045 00 8 053 50
89 1 033 00 1 095 00 1 082 00 1 103 00 1 091 50 1 094 00 10 768 50
90 1 026 00 1 029 50 1 041 50 1 06500 1 060 00 1 060 00 11 249 60
91 544 50 548 00 533 00 552 50 553 00 553 00 4 941 50
92 4 051 50 3 943 00 4 032 00 3 975 50 3 468 00 3 728 50 38 441 45
93 670 00 664 00 670 00 662 00 655 00 670 00 7106 00
94 2 163 50 2 144 50 2224 50 2 208 50 2 227 00 2187 50 20180 96
95 2 000 50 1 970 50 2 007 50 2 009 50 2 002 00 1 971 50 17 435 61
96 932 00 932 50 941 00 917 50 946 00 939 00 9 036 20
97 1 203 00 1 167 50 1 218 00 1 205 00 1 223 00 1 205 50 12 898 50
98 709 00 768 50 786 00 789 00 781 00 787 50 6 908 00
99 1 764 00 2 187 00 2 468 00 2 832 50 2 925 50 2 995 50 18 731 05
100 1 212 50 1 171 50 1 210 50 1 222 00 1196 50 1 222 00 11 228 25
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
340
SCHEDULE 4C Continued
STATEMENT OF PAYMENTS FOR TOTAL PUBLIC ASSISTANCE BENEFITS OLD AGE ASSISTANCE AID TO THE BLIND AND AID TO DEPENDENT CHILDREN BY COUNTY JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
COUNTY July 1937 August 1937 September 1937 October 1937 November 1937 December 1937
101 Mitchell 14772 39400 46000 69650 1113 00 153550
102 Monroe 513 50 859 00 1129 00 1 279 50 1 387 00 1461 00
103 Montgomery 485 00 679 00 867 00 1 024 00 1 026 00 1118 50
104 Morgan 475 50 721 00 810 50 1144 50 1 480 50 1 675 50
105 Murray 240 00 562 00 893 50 1 001 50 1141 50 1 250 50
106 Muscogee 28 06 133 00 1 248 50 1 511 50 2 523 00 3 709 50
107 Newton 87 00 769 00 1126 00 1 473 50 1 731 50 1 816 50
108 Oconee 295 50 413 00 517 00 555 50 716 00 753 00
109 Oglethorpe 23 50 242 50 446 00 802 00 1 377 00 1 543 00
110 Paulding 400 50 580 00 814 50 1 205 50 1 503 00 1 644 00
111 Peach 290 95 737 00 1 017 00 1 128 00 1 255 00 1 301 50
112 Pickens 237 62 416 00 631 00 1 069 00 1177 50 1 283 00
113 Pierce 356 50 773 00 1 083 00 1 384 00 1 492 00 1 687 50
114 Pike 44 50 44 50 122 50 229 50 357 00 458 50
115 Polk 746 00 1 231 50 1 461 50 1 828 50 2 236 50 2 32500
116 Pulaski 110 00 452 50 875 00 988 50 1 076 50 1170 50
117 Putnam 203 00 366 00 456 00 930 00 961 00 1018 00
118 Quitman 40 23 12650 213 00 338 50 434 00 483 50
119 Rabun fi 511 00 592 00 651 00 716 00 788 00 867 00
120 Randolph 155 92 215 50 427 00 615 00 723 50 1 042 50
121 Richmond 2120 50 4 237 00 5 300 00 6 219 00 7 444 50 8 237 00
122 Rockdale 268 35 626 00 708 00 808 50 897 00 987 00
123 Schley 137 00 215 00 341 00 578 50 631 00 637 00
124 Screven 150 00 400 00 703 00 954 00 1138 50 1 370 50
125 Seminole 822 122 00 144 50 380 50 597 50 719 00
126 Spalding 418 06 1 159 50 1 804 50 2 454 00 2 858 00 3 028 00
127 Stephens 918 50 1 078 00 1186 00 1 275 00 1426 00 1 552 00
128 Stewart 147 50 375 00 972 50 1 111 50 1 310 50 1 368 00
129 Sumter 56 00 175 50 283 50 589 00 1 006 50 1147 50
130 Talbot 179 36 344 30 393 80 476 00 698 00 760 00
131 Taliaferro 51 00 218 50 279 50 449 50 489 50 526 50
132 Tattnall 76 32 459 00 976 00 1 727 00 1 868 50 2 075 50
133 Taylor 211 50 246 00 409 50 528 50 605 00 688 50
134 Telfair 9 28 37 28 279 78 52378 76478 966 28
135 Terrell 156 50 45300 704 00 1 354 00 1 632 00 1 730 50
136 Thomas 114 00 214 50 714 50 1185 50 1 422 50 1 794 00
137 Tift 14450 183 50 646 50 836 50 1472 50 1 807 50
138 Toombs 684 68 1 237 50 1 642 00 1 920 00 1 894 50 2 061 00
139 Towns 19800 29100 38700 450 50 458 00 447 00
140 Treutlen 13350 30350 347 50 534 50 66700 795 00
141 Troup 236 30 691 00 1 630 00 319300 3742 50 4 346 00
142 Turner 56000 511 00 71100 1 020 50 1 318 00 1 420 50
143 Twiggs 7 75 1550 5650 31400 42600 74500
144 Union 116 00 166 50 394 00 627 50 722 00 713 00
145 Upson 229 81 486 50 74200 1041 50 1 285 50 1 335 50
146 Walker 2800 7950 13800 23750 262 50 552 50
147 Walton 50000 1 358 00 1 875 00 2 369 50 2 571 50 2 761 50
148 Ware 156 50 232 50 374 00 883 50 1 391 50 2493 50
149 Warren 245 50 524 50 70250 1 00600 1172 00 116650
150 Washington 6100 157 50 24350 500 50 797 50 109200
STATE OF GEORGIA
341
SCHEDULE 4C Continued
STATEMENT OF PAYMENTS FOR TOTAL PUBLIC ASSISTANCE BENEFITS OLD AGE ASSISTANCE AID TO THE BLIND AND AID TO DEPENDENT CHILDREN BY COUNTY JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
January 1938 1 February 1938 March 1938 April 1938 May 1938 June 1938 TOTAL
101 194350 2 267 00 2 556 50 2 855 00 3 041 50 2 905 00 19 915 22
102 1 521 00 1 55900 1 564 50 1 579 50 1 551 00 1 579 50 15 983 50
103 1124 00 1 335 50 1 358 50 1 381 00 1 381 00 1 373 50 13153 00
104 1 687 00 1 631 50 1 684 00 1 677 00 1 695 00 1 676 00 16 358 00
105 1 226 50 1 233 50 1 242 00 1 261 00 1 261 00 1 253 00 12 566 00
106 1 4 129 00 5155 00 5 993 50 6 952 50 7 194 50 7 346 00 45 924 06
107 1 893 00 1 856 50 2 088 50 2 201 00 2 327 00 2 307 00 19 676 50
108 877 00 724 50 846 00 919 50 1 006 50 1 064 00 8 687 50
109 1 768 00 1 717 50 1 766 00 1 765 00 1 759 00 1 752 50 14 962 00
110 1 639 50 1 619 50 1611 00 1 632 00 1 644 50 1 654 00 15 948 00
111 1 351 00 1 346 50 1 380 00 1 366 50 1 365 00 1 373 50 13 911 95
112 1 295 00 1 286 50 128950 1 297 00 1 289 50 1 294 50 12 566 12
113 666 00 1 649 50 1 684 50 1 695 00 1 695 00 1 695 00 16 861 00
114 578 00 716 50 857 50 931 00 995 50 1 029 00 6 364 00
115 2 433 00 2 696 50 2 840 50 3 075 50 3 177 50 3 373 00 27 425 00
116 1 220 00 1 204 00 1 222 00 1 222 00 1 222 00 1 200 00 11 963 00
117 1 019 00 1113 00 1 112 00 1 138 00 1 132 00 1135 00 10 583 00
118 515 00 504 00 503 00 503 00 510 50 448 50 4 619 73
119 867 00 867 00 842 50 867 00 833 50 867 00 9 269 00
120 1 305 50 1 603 00 1 968 50 2 208 50 2 293 00 2 271 50 14 829 42
121 8 641 00 9 289 50 9 880 50 9 871 00 9 700 00 9 766 50 90 706 50
122 987 00 977 00 975 50 981 50 971 00 967 50 10154 35
123 653 00 679 00 701 50 705 50 705 00 700 00 6 683 50
124 1 448 50 1 509 50 1 646 50 1 711 50 1 834 50 1 990 00 14 856 50
125 861 50 875 50 983 00 962 50 968 00 980 50 7 602 72
126 3161 00 3177 00 3 130 00 3178 50 3 151 50 3 160 50 30 680 56
127 1 575 00 1 527 00 1 539 00 1 572 00 1 580 00 1 570 00 16 798 50
128 1 441 50 1 319 00 1 483 00 1 474 50 1 466 50 1 347 50 13 817 00
129 1 497 00 1 831 00 2 901 00 3116 00 3 460 50 3 621 50 19 685 00
130 837 00 808 50 825 00 935 00 920 00 907 50 8 084 46
131 578 50 618 50 615 50 690 00 723 00 721 50 5 961 50
132 2 078 00 2 035 00 2 072 00 2 075 00 2 070 50 2 083 00 19 595 82
133 728 50 788 50 811 00 843 00 983 00 1 088 50 7 931 50
134 1149 78 1476 50 1 700 00 1 983 00 2 037 00 2 025 00 12 952 46
135 1 783 00 1 786 50 1 848 50 1 904 50 1 903 50 1 954 00 17 210 00
136 2 123 00 2 406 00 2 635 00 3016 50 3 239 50 3 675 50 22 54050
137 2 091 00 1 935 50 1 882 00 1 987 50 2 057 00 216800 17 212 00
138 2 241 00 2 211 00 2 301 00 2 246 00 2 262 00 2 264 00 22 964 68
139 43800 46300 49000 49600 482 50 46050 5 061 50
140 85700 893 50 1 010 50 1 024 50 977 50 1 016 50 8 56050
141 4 824 00 4 772 50 4 916 00 4 923 00 4 955 00 4 930 00 43159 30
142 1 439 50 1 529 00 1 530 50 1 485 00 1 508 50 1 529 50 14 563 00
143 86600 930 50 1 024 00 1 085 50 1 097 50 1113 00 7 681 25
144 787 50 84200 85500 82850 834 00 851 50 7 737 50
145 1 426 00 1 815 00 2 082 50 2438 50 2 614 00 2 559 00 18 055 81
146 77900 961 50 1 328 00 1 711 00 2128 50 2 523 50 10 729 50
147 2765 00 2 829 50 2 822 50 2 854 50 2 824 00 2 854 50 2838550
148 2 734 50 3100 50 3 555 00 3 567 50 3 559 50 3 583 00 25 631 50
149 1 300 50 1 321 50 1 377 50 1 441 50 1 426 00 1 427 00 13 111 00
150 1 348 50 1 526 50 1 1 726 00 1 893 50 1 926 50 2 111 50 13 384 50
342
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
SCHEDULE 4C Continued
STATEMENT OF PAYMENTS FOR TOTAL PUBLIC ASSISTANCE BENEFITS OLD AGE ASSISTANCE AID TO THE BLIND AND AID TO DEPENDENT CHILDREN BY COUNTY JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
COUNTY July August September October November December
1937 1937 1937 1937 1937 1937
151 Wayne 97650 1182 00 1 301 00 1 431 00 1 567 50 1 715 00
152 Webster 241 10 408 50 495 50 531 00 536 50 656 00
153 Wheeler 343 50 618 50 813 50 983 00 98000 1 026 00
154 White 49200 561 00 61100 68100 75400 829 00
155 Whitfield 490 56 617 00 881 50 1 201 00 1 839 00 2 301 00
156 Wilcox 1050 132 00 252 50 543 00 949 00 1 346 50
157 Wilkes 9 50 115 00 407 00 810 50 1148 50 1 294 50
158 Wilkinson 112 76 112 70 223 50 990 00 1 293 50 1 460 00
159 Worth 6000 278 50 417 50 695 50 980 00 1170 50
TOTAL 66 24012 119 540 23 165 02812 217 262 91 260 971 53 293 601 03

NOTE This represents the net amount after deducting all refunds
STATE OF GEORGIA
343
SCHEDULE 4C Continued
STATEMENT OF PAYMENTS FOR TOTAL PUBLIC ASSISTANCE BENEFITS OLD AGE ASSISTANCE AID TO THE BLIND AND AID TO DEPENDENT CHILDREN BY COUNTY JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
January February March April May June TOTAL
1938 1938 1938 1938 1938 1938
151 1 696 00 1 733 00 1 701 50 1 725 00 1 716 50 1 733 00 18 478 00
152 64900 670 00 654 00 670 00 640 00 66100 6 812 60
153 1 095 50 98300 1158 00 1175 50 1 210 00 1 253 00 11 639 50
154 82400 80900 824 00 819 00 814 00 83400 8 852 00
155 2 642 50 2 642 00 2 766 00 2 839 00 2 801 50 2 827 50 23 848 56
156 1 692 00 1 725 50 734 00 1 809 00 1 571 50 1 702 00 13 467 50
157 1 471 50 1 904 50 2 048 00 2 107 00 2 151 50 2 156 00 15 623 50
158 1 353 50 1 413 00 1 460 00 1 460 00 1 449 50 1 439 50 12 767 96
159 1 430 00 1 722 00 1 983 50 2 200 50 2 259 00 2 582 50 15 779 50
316 459 78 333 055 50 355 815 50 366 301 00 370 540 00 375 762 00 3 240 577 72

344
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
SCHEDULE 4D
STATEMENT OF PAYMENTS FOR OLD AGE ASSISTANCE BY COUNTY JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
COUNTY July 1937 August 1937 September 1937 October 1937 November 1937 December 1937
1 Appling B 872 B 4300 B 22050 B 26700 B 36900 36900
2 Atkinson 336 50 557 00 619 00 661 50 714 50 744 50
3 Bacon 10010 226 00 331 00 337 00 460 00 477 00
4 Baker 10 00 340 00 416 00 486 50 580 00 619 50
5 Baldwin 10200 234 00 275 00 351 00 571 50 684 00
6 Banks 550 67 800 67 892 67 969 50 1 031 00 1150 00
7 Barrow 266 50 834 00 1100 00 1 201 00 1 337 50 1 429 00
8 Bartow 1 905 00 2 101 00 2 285 00 2 473 50 2 682 00 2 962 00
9 Ben Hill 123 50 339 00 693 00 1 090 50 1 316 00 1 265 50
10 Berrien 389 30 543 00 730 50 875 50 1 031 00 1 078 00
11 Bibb 1 42811 2 117 09 281950 4 089 50 4 965 50 5 739 00
12 Bleckley 62 55 360 00 610 00 827 50 997 50 1112 00
13 Brantley 16 00 323 00 405 00 497 00 585 00 612 00
14 Brooks 77 00 137 50 250 00 426 50 714 50 842 50
15 Bryan 205 58 327 00 457 00 488 00 561 00 569 50
16 Bulloch 473 00 1 224 00 1 488 50 1 647 50 2 013 00 2 438 50
17 Burke 283 37 749 50 929 50 1 204 50 1 401 50 1 630 50
18 Butts 453 56 752 50 801 00 882 50 980 50 1104 50
19 Calhoun 58 50 157 00 258 00 413 50 647 50 768 00
20 Camden 24 50 246 50 315 00 471 50 611 50 570 00
21 Candler 271 50 347 50 550 50 764 50 768 50 893 50
22 Carroll 72 00 126 50 750 00 1 289 00 1 551 50 1 691 00
23 Catoosa 116 50 318 50 574 00 756 50 863 50 933 50
24 Charlton 208 23 290 00 330 00 285 00 317 00 305 00
25 Chatham 2 201 45 3 092 30 3 974 50 5 570 00 6 840 00 7 734 00
26 Chattahoochee 11100 359 00 436 00 533 00 558 50 585 50
27 Chattooga 14 00 111 00 209 00 335 50 487 50 894 50
28 Cherokee 1107 00 1 266 50 1 373 50 1 493 00 1 688 00 1 829 50
29 Clarke 147 00 490 00 873 50 1 410 50 1 579 00 1 803 50
30 Clay 194 50 307 00 408 50 566 50 745 00 760 50
31 Clayton 92 00 295 50 432 50 777 00 1 034 50 1 084 00
32 Clinch 200 92 454 92 498 00 566 50 617 00 675 50
33 Cobb 65 00 311 50 580 00 1 046 50 1 597 50 2 049 00
34 Coffee 669 00 758 00 833 00 1 050 00 1186 00 1 246 00
35 Colquitt 86 50 239 50 347 50 825 50 1 226 50 1 565 50
36 Columbia 279 65 342 50 463 00 756 50 817 00 863 00
37 Cook 181 07 28113 419 37 510 63 670 00 751 50
38 Coweta 155 57 373 50 522 00 925 00 1 442 50 2 059 00
39 Crawford 105 00 353 00 589 50 658 00 724 00 756 00
40 Crisp 225 50 379 00 486 50 672 00 740 00 75250
41 Dade 26 00 78 50 216 50 274 00 324 50 362 50
42 Dawson 42 50 221 00 320 00 371 50 398 00 405 00
43 Decatur 13 91 2450 115 50 458 00 876 00 1 072 00
44 DeKalb 430 50 769 00 1 073 50 1 388 00 1 554 50 2 217 00
45 Dodge 549 18 1 225 50 1 897 50 1 926 00 2 235 50 2124 50
46 Dooly 387 00 722 00 948 00 1 208 00 1 354 00 1 349 00
47 Dougherty 450 82 1 079 00 1 374 00 2 233 00 2 278 50 2 371 50
48 Douglas 89 00 632 00 761 00 856 50 897 50 982 00
49 Early 94 90 184 00 164 50 563 00 835 50 902 00
50 Echols 73 80 90 00 112 00 215 50 236 00 242 00
STATE OF GEORGIA
345
SCHEDULE 4D
STATEMENT OF PAYMENTS FOR OLD AGE ASSISTANCE BY COUNTY JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
J anuary 1938 February 1938 March 1938 April 1938 May 1938 June 1938 TOTAL
1 47400 58100 71050 74850 76350 79200 5 346 72
2 732 50 742 50 723 00 732 00 732 00 732 00 8 027 00
3 514 00 510 50 478 00 503 00 488 00 488 00 4 912 60
4 715 50 686 00 717 50 740 50 694 00 694 00 6 699 50
5 861 50 971 50 1 261 00 1 431 00 1 631 50 1 829 00 10 203 00
6 1 169 00 1159 00 1153 50 1166 50 1167 00 1168 00 12377 51
7 1 410 00 1 342 00 1 398 50 1 383 50 1 385 50 1 360 50 14 448 00
8 2 868 00 2 914 00 2 954 00 2 944 00 2 923 00 2 934 00 31 945 50
9 1 290 50 1 314 50 1 334 00 1 352 00 1 365 50 1 365 50 12 849 50
10 1 067 00 1129 50 1 296 00 1 355 00 1 298 00 1 349 00 12141 80
11 6 301 50 6 737 00 7 620 00 7 867 50 7 619 50 7 672 50 64 976 70
12 1 068 50 1107 50 1 086 00 1 076 50 1 103 00 1 083 00 10 494 05
13 593 50 590 50 564 50 599 00 573 00 565 50 5 924 00
14 1 035 00 1 223 00 1 374 00 1 514 00 1 495 50 1 645 00 10 734 50
15 569 50 549 00 562 50 562 50 520 50 532 50 5 904 58
16 2 511 50 2 428 00 2 596 50 2 627 00 2 655 00 2 670 50 24 773 00
17 2 344 50 2 793 00 2 792 00 2 770 50 2 713 50 2 771 00 22 383 37
18 1 096 00 1 096 50 1 111 00 1121 50 1 129 50 1122 50 11 651 56
19 954 50 1 016 00 1 098 50 1 091 00 1 091 00 1 052 00 8 605 50
20 618 00 607 50 626 00 616 50 625 50 635 00 5 967 50
21 871 50 859 50 868 00 881 00 897 00 895 00 8 868 00
22 1 843 50 2112 00 2 460 00 2 854 00 3 156 00 3 516 50 21 422 00
23 870 50 859 50 889 50 922 50 921 50 884 50 8 910 50
24 314 00 326 50 336 50 322 50 331 00 324 00 3 689 73
25 8271 50 8 805 50 9 525 50 10 184 00 9 857 00 9 219 00 85274 75
26 590 50 596 50 619 00 685 00 712 00 733 00 6 519 00
27 1116 50 1 296 50 1 533 00 1 571 50 1 551 50 1 567 50 10 688 00
28 1 825 00 1 847 50 1 820 50 1 827 50 1 899 50 1 893 50 19 871 00
29 1 885 00 1 898 00 2 005 00 2 097 00 2 297 00 2 445 50 18 931 00
30 864 00 832 50 854 50 814 00 809 00 810 00 7 966 00
31 1117 50 1 024 00 1 090 50 1 131 50 1 090 00 1109 00 10 278 00
32 700 50 627 50 673 50 694 00 694 00 694 00 7 096 34
33 2 535 50 2 905 00 3 283 00 3 496 50 3 692 50 3 857 50 25 419 50
34 I 261 00 1 174 00 1 183 00 1 171 00 1 200 00 1 235 00 12 966 00
35 1 835 50 2 381 50 2 584 00 2 800 50 3 043 50 3 040 50 19 976 50
36 889 00 925 50 949 50 926 00 938 00 928 00 9 077 65
37 808 00 890 00 906 00 957 50 942 50 967 50 8 285 20
38 2 345 50 2 792 00 2 973 50 2 975 50 2 940 50 2 929 00 22 433 57
39 737 00 766 50 757 50 754 50 755 50 762 00 7 718 50
40 883 00 918 00 1 014 00 1 093 00 1174 50 1 271 00 9 609 00
41 355 50 344 50 334 50 345 50 346 00 346 00 3 354 00
42 459 50 447 50 461 00 463 00 463 00 458 50 4 510 50
43 1 269 50 1 276 00 1 274 00 1 379 00 1 353 00 1 458 50 10 569 91
44 2 865 50 3 627 50 4 144 50 4 175 50 4 141 50 4150 00 30 537 00
45 2 376 00 2 368 50 2 366 00 894 50 1 390 50 1 779 00 21132 68
46 1 446 50 1 453 00 1 672 00 1 698 00 1 734 50 1 708 50 15 680 50
47 2 253 00 2 375 50 2 418 50 2 453 50 2 475 50 2 439 00 24 201 82
48 980 00 970 50 987 50 985 00 969 00 984 50 10 094 50
49 1 195 50 1 292 00 1 538 00 1 805 00 1 943 50 1 941 50 12 459 40
50 265 00 253 50 265 50 265 50 253 00 248 50 2 520 30
346
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
SCHEDULE 4D Continued
STATEMENT OF PAYMENTS FOR OLD AGE ASSISTANCE BY COUNTY JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
COUNTY
51 Effingham
52 Elbert
53 Emanuel
54 Evans
55 Fannin
56 Fayette
57 Floyd
58 Forsyth
59 Franklin
60 Fulton
61 Gilmer
62 Glascock
63 Glynn
64 Gordon
65 Grady
66 Greene
67 Gwinnett
68 Habersham
69 Hall
70 Hancock
71 Haralson
72 Harris
73 Hart
74 Heard
75 Henry
76 Houston
77 Irwin
78 Jackson
79 Jasper
80 Jeff Davis
81 Jefferson
82 Jenkins
83 Johnson
84 Jones
85 Lamar
86 Lanier
87 Laurens
88 Lee
89 Liberty
90 Lincoln
91 Long
92 Lowndes
93 Lumpkin
94 Macon
95 Madison
96 Marion
97 McDuffie
98 McIntosh
99 Meriwether
100 Miller
101 Mitchell
102 Monroe
103 Montgomery
104 Morgan
105 Murray
July 1937 August 1937 September 1937 October 1937 November 1937 December 1937
B 24850 B 36200 B 47800 B 77550 B 99850 B 1155 50
4 50 113 00 126 50 633 00 1 235 50 1 364 50
420 78 817 50 986 00 1 443 50 1 791 50 2 193 00
110 50 227 00 321 00 458 00 51100 632 00
305 73 522 73 710 00 1 034 00 1 336 50 1 499 50
30 90 90 00 166 50 430 00 758 00 1 024 50
226 50 464 50 1 323 50 2160 50 2771 00 3 357 50
341 50 475 00 729 00 904 50 1 030 00 1 172 50
616 00 415 00 1166 00 1 689 50 1 806 00 1 932 50
17 068 90 21120 50 23 649 50 24 514 50 25 845 00 26 347 50
522 00 591 50 656 00 728 50 800 50 807 00
7942 211 00 323 50 396 50 445 50 469 50
682 41 1 034 60 1 322 50 1 562 50 1 655 00 1 895 50
12 57 13 00 67 00 272 00 456 50 655 50
8550 119 00 144 00 448 00 664 50 971 50
73 50 177 50 326 00 502 00 722 50 1 013 00
295 00 701 00 1 062 00 1 302 00 1 530 50 1 903 00
309 70 632 50 806 00 872 50 985 50 1 036 00
989 50 1 240 00 1 576 50 2 115 00 2 428 00 2 458 50
139 50 413 00 633 50 754 00 902 00 1 024 50
415 00 603 00 715 50 838 50 1 087 50 1 228 50
48 50 68 00 208 00 493 50 512 00 655 00
96 80 87900 1 034 00 1 342 00 1 441 00 1 690 50
9100 154 50 194 50 189 00 221 25 257 25
196 40 559 00 937 50 1 194 00 1 454 00 1 699 50
119 65 278 00 560 00 715 00 928 50 934 50
180 00 348 00 521 00 598 50 823 00 880 00
516 00 1 190 00 1 664 00 2 270 00 2 460 00 2 731 00
216 25 397 00 594 00 828 50 913 00 1 073 00
153 50 401 50 434 00 694 50 796 00 804 50
163 50 269 00 448 50 689 00 917 50 1 240 00
94 00 188 00 333 50 527 50 668 50 823 00
10 00 228 00 373 50 654 00 784 00 1 015 50
74 00 190 50 411 50 763 00 950 00 999 00
34 00 160 00 511 00 971 50 881 50 1 053 00
10 00 10 00 184 00 380 50 508 00 529 00
23 66 60616 734 50 1 024 00 1 154 50 1 270 00
153 50 380 50 399 50 447 50 468 00 465 00
112 00 322 50 406 00 569 50 705 00 718 00
512 81 595 29 638 50 742 50 832 50 866 50
8500 116 50 173 50 271 50 304 50 396 50
429 95 1 001 50 1 521 00 2104 50 2131 50 2 254 50
363 50 414 50 45300 519 00 568 00 616 00
219 96 514 50 794 50 1 071 00 1 527 00 l 496 00
114 11 429 00 581 00 773 00 1 200 00 1 561 50
7720 329 50 528 50 676 00 75600 828 50
603 50 720 00 769 00 863 50 960 00 1 020 50
7800 125 50 186 50 245 00 369 50 363 50
195 55 259 00 469 50 581 50 868 50 958 00
85 25 238 50 304 50 565 50 810 00 912 00
87 72 297 00 337 50 574 00 873 50 1 097 00
47000 79000 1 049 00 1 075 00 1120 50 1 203 00
43400 530 50 66750 789 00 821 00 903 50
47550 69900 788 50 1 051 50 1 395 50 1 580 50
22000 492 00 712 50 820 50 917 50 1 003 50
STATE OF GEORGIA
347
SCHEDULE 4D Continued
STATEMENT OF PAYMENTS FOR OLD AGE ASSISTANCE BY COUNTY
JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
J anuary 1938 February 1938 March 1938 April 1938 May 1938 June 1938 TOTAL
51 108600 1091 00 1153 00 1128 50 1131 00 1 125 00 10 732 50
52 1 694 00 1 816 50 1 953 00 2089 50 2 042 50 2 098 00 15 170 50
53 2 332 00 2 342 00 2 371 00 2 395 00 2 362 00 2 404 50 21 858 78
54 630 00 609 50 635 50 656 00 660 00 654 50 6 105 00
55 1 516 50 1 526 00 1 487 00 1 493 50 1 500 00 1 477 00 14 408 46
56 1 007 50 1 030 00 1 000 00 1 020 50 992 00 1 026 50 8 576 40
57 3 568 00 3 741 00 4 413 00 4 815 50 5 050 50 5 136 50 37 028 00
58 1176 50 1 167 00 1 186 00 1 224 00 1 207 00 1 216 50 11 829 50
59 1 911 50 1 908 50 1 891 50 1 876 50 1 866 50 1 876 00 18 955 50
60 27 543 50 28 255 50 29 777 00 29 744 50 29 650 00 29 525 50 313 041 90
61 821 50 815 00 818 50 827 50 813 00 842 00 9 043 00
62 487 00 501 00 482 50 479 50 486 50 467 50 4 829 42
63 1 902 00 1 926 00 1 912 50 1 909 00 1 810 00 1 842 50 19 454 51
64 793 00 886 00 1 064 00 1 133 50 1 242 00 1 295 00 7 890 07
65 1 322 50 1 472 00 1 614 00 1 817 50 1 739 00 1 807 50 12 205 00
66 1 240 00 1 347 00 1 384 00 1 423 50 1 424 00 1 419 50 11 052 50
67 2 061 00 2 466 00 2 772 00 2 956 50 3 077 00 2 981 00 23 107 00
68 1 030 00 1 018 50 1 067 50 1 041 50 1 068 00 1 069 00 10 936 70
69 2 691 00 2 753 00 2 831 50 2 787 50 2 872 50 2 853 50 27 596 50
70 1162 00 1 229 00 1 474 00 1 500 50 1 539 50 1 514 00 12 285 50
71 1 231 50 1 214 00 1 284 50 1 257 00 1 289 50 1 246 50 12 411 00
72 971 50 980 00 1 049 00 1133 00 1 182 00 1 180 00 8 480 50
73 1 680 50 1 619 00 1 727 50 1 759 00 1 757 50 1 765 50 16 792 30
74 269 00 494 00 681 50 863 50 902 50 893 50 5 211 50
75 1 845 50 1 857 00 1 871 00 1 847 50 1 832 00 1 865 00 17158 40
76 940 00 978 00 1 262 00 1 260 00 1 250 00 1 266 00 10 491 65
77 907 00 958 00 974 50 991 00 966 50 1 019 50 9 167 00
78 2 729 00 2 644 00 2 688 00 2 707 00 2 708 00 2 708 00 27 015 00
79 1 053 50 955 00 1 017 50 1 009 50 1 034 50 1 018 50 10110 25
80 797 50 790 00 777 50 787 00 781 50 794 50 8 012 00
81 1 702 50 1 712 50 1 881 50 1 960 00 2 009 00 1 954 50 14 947 50
82 918 50 1 039 50 1 048 50 1 047 50 1 035 50 1 025 50 8 749 50
83 1 216 50 1 285 50 1 360 00 1 358 00 1 368 00 1 356 50 11 009 50
84 1 056 00 1 061 50 1 050 50 1 056 50 1 047 50 1 055 50 9 715 50
85 1 043 00 1 037 00 1 048 50 1 061 00 1 079 50 1 081 50 9 961 50
86 549 00 549 00 549 00 549 00 516 00 522 00 4 855 50
87 1 621 00 1 723 50 2 064 00 2 776 00 3 005 00 3 371 50 19 373 82
88 531 50 657 00 85050 885 50 89000 88200 7 010 50
89 769 00 83100 82450 845 50 83400 836 50 7 773 50
90 863 50 859 00 861 00 88450 879 50 879 50 9 41510
91 410 00 401 00 386 00 405 50 402 50 402 50 3 755 00
92 2 261 50 2 138 00 2 184 50 2 208 00 1 783 00 1 992 50 22 010 45
93 627 00 621 00 627 00 630 00 623 00 64400 6 706 00
94 1 681 00 1 654 00 1 745 50 1 732 00 1 772 50 1 754 50 15 962 46
95 1 666 00 1 636 00 1 673 00 1 657 50 1 676 00 1 656 00 14 623 11
96 812 00 805 50 819 00 795 50 83300 82600 8 086 70
97 1 038 00 1 007 00 1 043 00 1038 50 1 049 00 1 031 50 11143 50
98 433 50 483 50 501 00 50100 49300 49050 4 270 50
99 1 501 00 1 763 50 2 040 00 2 292 00 2 387 00 2 417 50 15 733 05
100 944 00 895 50 933 00 94850 904 50 92600 8 467 25
101 1 429 50 1 709 00 1 965 00 2 241 00 2 375 00 2 261 50 15 247 72
102 1 238 00 1 279 00 1 286 50 1 301 50 1 288 00 1 308 50 13 409 00
103 881 50 1 040 00 1 028 00 1 042 00 1 042 00 1 037 00 10 216 00
104 1 592 00 1 536 50 1 589 00 1 582 00 1 600 00 1 581 00 15 471 00
105 997 50 986 50 995 00 1 014 00 1 014 00 1 016 00 10189 00
348
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
SCHEDULE 4D Continued
STATEMENT OF PAYMENTS FOR OLD AGE ASSISTANCE BY COUNTY
JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
COUNTY July August September October November December
1937 1937 1937 1937 1937 1937
106 Muscogee 2806 13300 77300 95550 150600 2 37700
107 Newton 8700 594 00 92300 1 243 00 1 463 50 1 548 50
108 Oconee 29550 413 00 517 00 555 50 68600 72300
109 Oglethorpe 23 50 197 50 385 00 731 50 1 214 00 1 364 50
110 Paulding 340 50 431 00 616 00 92500 1 109 50 1 203 00
111 Peach 290 95 657 50 901 00 95600 1 028 50 1 055 50
112 Pickens 237 62 391 00 51300 856 50 973 50 1 025 00
113 Pierce 264 50 384 00 506 00 546 00 720 00 819 00
114 Pike 44 50 4450 122 50 229 50 357 00 440 50
115 Polk 710 00 962 50 1 081 50 1 426 00 1 645 00 1 703 00
116 Pulaski 110 00 33800 668 50 774 50 85200 900 50
117 Putnam 16500 32800 410 00 84400 88300 930 00
118 Quitman 40 23 108 50 169 50 24200 313 50 33200
119 Rahim 48100 540 00 576 50 616 50 688 50 767 50
120 Randolph 137 92 197 50 375 50 55500 656 00 958 00
191 Riehmond 1 643 50 2 488 00 2 944 50 3 572 50 4 369 00 4 850 00
122 Rockdale 268 35 572 00 654 00 75450 843 00 919 00
123 Schley 13700 19300 319 00 490 50 512 00 518 00
124 Screven 15000 391 00 685 00 88600 1 040 50 1 230 50
125 Seminole 8 22 9400 116 50 356 00 529 00 605 50
126 Spalding 418 06 1159 50 1 804 50 2 275 00 2 617 50 2 656 00
127 Stephens 667 00 842 50 938 50 1 058 00 1 216 00 1 332 00
128 Stewart 11750 303 00 780 50 923 50 1 088 50 1146 00
129 Sumter 5600 175 50 283 50 473 50 847 50 96700
130 Talbot 17936 344 30 393 80 460 00 635 50 697 50
131 Taliaferro 5100 198 50 259 50 429 50 46950 491 50
132 Tattnall 76 32 324 50 629 50 1 275 50 1 407 50 1 575 50
133 Taylor 134 Telfair 211 50 9 28 246 00 3728 389 50 210 78 484 00 353 28 525 00 47578 595 50 599 28
135 Terrell 156 50 453 00 678 50 1 203 00 1 381 00 1 459 50
136 Thomas 6000 160 50 564 50 876 00 1 071 00 1 246 00
137 Tift 3050 6950 33600 52600 982 50 1 241 50
138 Toombs 463 46 749 00 87300 1 091 00 1 068 50 1 216 50
139 Towns 156 00 216 00 296 00 327 50 327 50 327 50
140 Treutlen 133 50 267 50 299 50 392 50 44500 503 00
141 Troup 236 30 618 50 1 276 00 2 386 00 2 827 50 3 361 50
142 Turner 384 00 31400 46600 679 00 905 50 98700
143 Twiggs 7 75 1550 56 50 314 00 41800 657 50
144 TTnion 98 00 138 00 338 50 57200 65300 620 00
145 Upson 158 31 385 50 59600 767 50 925 50 975 50
146 Walker 2800 6150 12000 219 50 202 50 425 50
147 Walton 50000 1 358 00 1 827 00 2 206 50 2 427 00 2 524 00
148 Ware 156 50 232 50 332 00 69200 764 00 1 02400
149 Warren 245 50 489 50 640 00 89500 1 040 50 1 065 00
160 Washington 6100 146 50 226 50 390 00 527 00 818 50
161 W ayn e 589 50 679 50 747 00 814 50 929 00 1 047 00
162 Webster 24110 388 50 475 50 511 00 505 50 62500
163 Wheeler 343 50 526 50 696 50 848 50 830 50 897 00
154 White 415 00 474 00 524 00 583 00 632 00 697 00
156 Whitfield 203 46 287 50 412 50 68900 1166 50 1 52700
156 Wilcox 1050 13200 227 50 48300 82450 1 076 00
157 Wilkes 950 115 00 373 50 746 50 1 021 50 1167 50
158 Wilkinson 112 76 112 70 223 50 763 50 901 50 1 068 00
159 Worth 6000 18500 20600 428 00 565 00 672 50
TOTAL 57 36819 9412417 126 500 62 165 507 41 195 830 03 219 025 03

NOTE This represents the net amount after deducting all refunds
STATE OF GEORGIA
349
SCHEDULE 4D Continued
STATEMENT OF PAYMENTS FOR OLD AGE ASSISTANCE BY COUNTY JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
January 1938 February 1938 March 1938 April 1938 May 1938 June 1938 TOTAL
106 2 616 50 3 080 00 3 665 50 4164 00 4 249 50 4 339 00 27 887 06
107 1 611 00 1 574 50 1 762 00 1 821 50 1 947 50 1 889 00 16 464 50
108 815 00 67300 794 50 86800 908 50 972 00 8 221 00
109 1 536 00 1 512 00 X 538 50 1 527 00 1 523 00 1 516 50 13 069 00
110 1 198 50 X 198 50 X 147 00 1168 00 1180 50 1197 50 11715 00
111 1 115 00 1 117 50 1 141 50 1128 00 1126 50 1135 00 11 652 95
112 1 029 00 1 020 50 1 028 50 1 037 50 1 025 50 1 030 50 1016812
113 801 50 75800 786 50 818 50 846 50 84650 8 097 00
114 56000 573 50 69200 70300 800 50 77200 5 339 50
115 1 841 00 2 Oil 00 2 107 50 2 277 00 2 359 00 2 404 00 20 527 50
116 928 00 921 50 963 00 975 00 975 00 997 00 9 403 00
117 93100 1 008 50 1 000 00 1 026 00 1 008 00 1 Oil 00 9 544 50
118 350 50 339 50 328 50 33050 330 50 321 50 3 206 73
119 767 50 767 50 760 50 785 00 751 50 785 00 8 287 00
120 1173 00 1 462 50 1 811 00 2 051 00 2 091 50 2 070 00 13 538 92
121 5135 50 5 653 50 6 087 00 6 061 00 5 879 00 5 952 00 54 635 50
122 930 50 920 50 919 00 92500 914 50 911 00 9 531 35
123 534 00 536 50 549 00 54200 541 50 536 50 5 409 00
124 1 308 50 X 316 00 1 423 00 1 485 50 1 608 50 1 725 00 13 249 50
125 701 50 761 50 822 50 808 50 816 50 841 50 6 461 22
126 2 774 00 2 794 50 2 666 50 2 678 00 2 604 00 2 520 00 26 96756
127 1 360 00 1 312 00 1 300 00 1 333 00 1 359 00 1 339 00 14 05700
128 1 211 00 1109 50 1 223 50 1 220 00 1 221 50 1166 50 11 511 00
129 1 247 50 1 509 00 2 369 00 2 525 50 2 813 50 2 949 00 16 216 50
130 77450 708 00 72750 810 50 787 00 774 50 7 292 46
131 543 50 578 50 575 50 643 50 676 50 68800 5 605 00
132 1 543 00 1 470 50 1 514 50 1 576 00 1 543 50 1 556 00 14 492 32
133 676 50 697 00 69600 728 00 824 50 86750 6 941 00
134 736 28 1 033 00 1 257 00 1 465 50 1 491 50 1 500 50 9169 46
135 1 491 50 1 469 50 1 521 50 1 577 50 1 566 50 1 592 50 14 550 50
136 1 493 50 1 714 00 1 914 00 2 290 50 2 468 50 2 858 00 16 716 50
137 1 402 50 1 244 50 1 348 00 1 348 00 1 378 00 1 448 50 11 355 50
138 1 368 00 1 426 50 1 471 50 1 501 50 1 511 00 1 503 00 14 242 96
139 321 50 335 50 341 50 347 50 339 50 317 50 3 653 50
140 569 50 59600 698 00 72900 69700 72100 6 051 50
141 3 768 00 3 830 00 3 974 00 3 965 50 4 018 00 3 993 00 34 254 30
142 971 00 1 027 00 1 028 50 969 50 1 008 50 1 042 00 9 782 00
143 735 50 80000 853 50 900 00 91200 905 50 6 575 75
144 679 50 72600 71600 679 50 675 50 68000 6 576 00
145 1 021 00 1 317 50 1 552 50 1 881 50 2 05700 2 051 00 13 688 81
146 55100 717 50 1 054 50 1 356 00 1 723 50 2 043 00 8 502 50
147 2 483 50 2 530 00 2 462 00 2 514 00 2 474 50 2 504 00 25 810 50
148 1104 00 1 194 00 X 264 50 1 281 00 1 279 00 1 348 00 10 671 50
149 1140 00 1 136 00 X 190 00 1 260 50 1 245 00 1 246 00 11 59300
150 97300 1115 00 X 272 50 1 416 00 1 46900 1 57500 9 990 00
151 1 000 50 1 056 50 1 062 50 1 068 50 1 073 00 1 080 50 11148 00
152 618 00 639 00 623 00 63900 604 00 62500 6 494 60
153 906 00 787 50 985 50 1 003 00 1 045 50 1 067 50 9 937 50
154 692 00 672 00 687 00 67700 67200 69200 7 417 00
155 1 743 50 1 798 50 1 860 50 1 911 50 1 876 50 1 888 00 15 364 46
156 1 396 50 1 449 00 1 466 50 1 518 50 1 345 50 1 408 50 11 33800
157 1 336 50 1 759 50 1 903 00 1 954 00 1 993 50 2 000 00 14 380 00
158 961 50 1 033 00 1 080 00 1 066 00 1 067 50 1 060 50 9 450 46
159 84100 1 095 50 285 00 1 493 00 1 567 00 1 834 00 10 232 00
235 726 78 246 733 50 263 490 50 271 402 50 274 361 00 277 853 50 2 427 923 23

350
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE
SCHEDULE 4E
STATEMENT OF PAYMENTS FOR AID TO THE BLIND BY COUNTY JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
COUNTY July 1937 August 1937 September 1937 October 1937 November 1937 December 1937
l 5 5
9 Atkinson 21 00 21 00 19 00 2650 26 50

11 00 if oo
R B al ri win 25 00 43 00 5000 50 00
13 50 13 50 13 50

8 Bartow 32 00 32 00 32 00 40 00 56 00
9 Ben TTill 16 00 48 50 74 50 74 50 74 50
10 Berrien 48 50 48 50 56 50 56 50 65 50
11 Bibb 48 50 108 50 116 50
18 00 33 00
18 Brantley 8 00 24 00 24 00 24 00
14 Brooks 1 f Bryan i
61 50 78 00 9850 98 50 79 00
lfi Bulloch 86 00 108 50 108 50 108 50
17 Burke 15 50 31 00 3100 4150 4150
18 Butts 10 50 41 00 41 00 41 00 4100
7 50
20 O am ri en 16 50 16 50 1650 16 50
21 Han riler 500 13 00 13 00
28 00 8400 93 00
7 50 7 50 7 50
1150
25 Chatham 102 00 206 00 206 00 281 0 300 50
2 Chattahoochee 24 00 24 00
14 00 14 00 2250
28 Cherokee 29 Clarke 55 00 67 00 77 00 6 00 82 00 13 00 52 00 3800 8100 120 00
an niav

32 Clinch 33 Cobb 20 00 20 00 20 00 3500 39 00 5800 62 00 6100 62 00 61 00
84 Coffee 3000 10500 13800 147 00
3R Colquitt 1650 1650 3650 48 00

8fi Columbia 400 900 16 50 16 50
37 Cook 700 2300 2300 2300 950 5300 5750 53 00 8150
80 Crawforri 1800 1800 2400 2400 24 00
40 Crisp 900 34 50 4150 48 50 38 50 38 50


3100
44 DeKalb 68 50 73 50 8450 112 00
4fS Dorige 59 00 84 50 106 00 132 00 132 00
46 Dooly 20 00 56 00 56 00 76 00 76 00
47 Dougherty 48 Dnuglas 43 50 99 50 99 50 24 50 131 00 24 50 112 50 24 50 142 50 24 50
21 50 21 50 21 50
FiO Echols 19 50 19 50 19 50 19 50 19 50

28 00 56 0 56
Fi3 Emanuel 175 00 175 00 167 50 167 50 154 50
fS4 Evan s 10 00 10 00 10 00 10 00 1000
55 Fannin 6 50 9 00 9 00
STATE OF GEORGIA
351
SCHEDULE 4E
STATEMENT OF PAYMENTS FOR AID TO THE BLIND BY COUNTY JULY 1 1937 TO JUNE 30 1938
January February March April May June TOTAL
1938 1938 1938 1938 1938 1938
1 5100 6450 6450 6450 6450 6450 37350
2 26 50 26 50 37 00 37 00 37 00 37 00 315 00
3 6 00 6 00 6 00 22 50 22 50 22 50 85 50
4 11 00 17 00 17 00 17 00 17 00 17 00 118 00
5 50 00 50 00 53 00 88 00 88 00 9500 592 00
6 7 13 50 13 50 13 50 13 50 13 50 13 50 121 50 0
8 56 00 5600 56 00 56 00 56 00 56 00 528 00
9 74 50 74 50 74 50 74 50 74 50 71 50 732 00
10 71 00 71 00 76 00 76 00 85 50 85 50 740 50
11 172 50 226 50 284 50 309 00 291 00 325 00 1 882 00
12 33 00 13 00 23 00 23 00 23 00 39 00 205 00
13 22 50 22 50 28 50 28 50 28 50 35 00 245 50
14 7 00 7 00 7 00 7 00 23 00 51 00
15 92 00 92 00 92 00 92 00 98 50 98 50 980 50
16 119 50 128 50 128 50 116 50 108 00 101 00 1 113 50
17 52 50 61 00 6100 74 50 8150 81 50 572 50
18 41 00 4100 41 00 41 00 41 00 4100 420 50
19 2200 43 50 58 50 58 50 58 50 55 00 303 50
20 16 50 16 50 26 50 26 50 26 50 26 50 20500
21 13 00 13 00 22 00 22 00 22 00 22 00 145 00
22 93 00 34 00 93 50 132 50 145 50 154 50 858 00
23 17 50 20 00 20 00 20 00 20 00 2000 140 00
24 11 50 11 50 11 50 11 50 1150 11 50 80 50
25 312 50 317 50 404 50 402 50 367 00 373 50 3 273 00
26 24 00 24 00 24 00 24 00 24 00 24 00 192 00
27 34 50 59 50 69 50 69 50 69 50 53 50 406 50
28 8100 81 00 81 00 81 00 81 00 81 00 900 00
29 125 50 125 50 143 50 143 50 148 50 148 50 1 012 00
30 o
31 9 50 9 50 9 50 9 50 9 50 9 50 57 00
32 43 00 43 00 43 00 43 00 43 00 43 00 481 00
33 61 00 44 00 52 50 52 50 60 00 40 00 525 00
34 167 00 167 00 167 00 170 00 170 00 177 00 1 438 00
35 117 50 117 50 117 50 134 00 149 50 164 50 918 00
36 16 50 16 50 16 50 16 50 16 50 16 50 145 00
37 53 00 53 00 53 00 49 50 49 50 49 50 489 50
38 81 50 106 00 130 00 130 00 130 00 131 50 857 50
39 24 00 24 00 24 00 24 00 24 00 24 00 252 00
40 38 50 38 50 38 50 38 50 38 50 3700 440 00
41 o
42 o
43 31 00 3100 31 00 3100 31 00 77 00 263 00
44 112 00 111 00 153 00 123 00 123 00 123 00 1 083 50
45 141 00 103 00 131 50 115 00 72 00 105 00 1 181 00
46 76 00 91 00 91 00 97 00 97 00 97 00 833 00
47 95 00 133 50 142 00 140 00 140 00 145 50 1 424 50
48 24 50 24 50 24 50 24 50 24 50 22 50 243 00
49 33 50 33 50 55 00 55 00 62 50 68 50 372 50
50 19 50 19 50 19 50 19 50 17 50 30 50 223 50
51 16 50 21 50 21 50 21 50 21 50 21 50 124 00
52 56 00 63 00 63 00 78 00 78 00 78 00 556 00
53 151 50 169 50 181 50 181 50 181 50 190 00 1 895 00
54 10 00 19 00 19 00 19 00 19 00 19 00 155 00
55 9 00 9 00 9 00 9 00 19 00 1900 98 50