Annual report for 1933 from the regents of the University System of Georgia to his excellency honorable Eugene Talmadge, governor [Jan. 22, 1934]

ANNUAL REPORT
FOR
1 933
FROM REGENTS OF THE
UNIVERSITY SYSTEM OF GEORGIA
To His ExcELLENCY
HON. EUGENE TALMADGE,
GoVERNOR.
jANUARY 22, 1934.

...
Atlanta, Georgia, January 22, 1934.
TO His Excellency Honorable Eugene Talmadge, Governor of Georgia, State Capitol, Atlanta, Georgia.
Dear Governor Talmadge:
Regents of the University System of Georgia are submitting to you, herewith, its second annual report as required by Section 60 of The Reorganization Act.
The personnel of the Board, as now constituted, is as follows:
Eugene Talmadge, Governor, Ex-Officio, McRae. Hughes Spalding, Chairman, Atlanta, 5th District. Caso~ Callaway, Vice-Chairman, LaGrange, 4th
District. Sandy Beaver, Gainesville, 9th District. M. D. Dickerson, Douglas, 2nd District. S. H. Morgan, Guyton, 1st District. W. J. Vereen, Moultrie, 8th District. R. P. Burson, Monroe, lOth District. E. S. Ault, Cedartown, 7th District. George C. Woodruff, Columbus, 3rd District. W. Elliott Dunwody, Macon, 6th District. Marion Smith, State at Large, Atlanta.
1

During the calendar year R. B. Russell, Sr., Winder, was succeeded by Sandy Beaver, Gainesville; A. Pratt Adams, Savannah, was succeeded by S. H. Morgan, Guyton; T. F. Green, Athens, was succeeded by R. P. Burson, Monroe; Philip Wehner, Atlanta, was succeeded by Marion Smith, Atlanta.
The officers of the Board are:
Chancellor, Philip Wehner, Atlanta; Chancellor Emeritus, Charles M. Snelling, Athens; Chairman, Hughes Spalding, Atlanta;
Vice-Chairman, Cason J. Callaway, LaGrange;
Secretary-Treasurer, Izzie Bashinski, Dublin.
Effective December 31, 1933, former Secretary-Treasurer Erie Cocke, resigned to accept a position with Reconstruction Finance Corporation.
When not in session, the Board functions through its committees, which are:
Committee on Education, Marion Smith, Atlanta, Chairman;
Committee on Organization and Law, E. S. Ault, Cedartown, Chairman;
Committee on Finance, Hughes Spalding, Atlanta, Ex-Officio Chairman;
W. J. Vereen, Moultrie, Vice-Chairman;
Committee on Visitation, S. H. Morgan, Guyton, Chairman.
There are now eighteen ( 18) institutions operating as units in the University System, whereas, one year ago there were twnty-six (26). The following institutiona now constitute the University System:
2

1. The University of Georgia, Athens. 2. Georgia School of T echnoloegy, Atlanta. 3. Georgia State College for Women, Milledgeville. 4. Georgia State Womans College, Valdosta. 5. South Georgia Teachers College, Statesboro. 6. University of Georgia School of Medicine, Au-
gusta. 7. North Georgia College, Dahlonega. 8. Abraham Baldwin Agricultural College, Tifton. 9. Georgia Southwestern College, Americus. 10. Middle Georgia College, Cochran. 11. South Georgia State College, Douglas. 12. Georgia State Industrial College, Savannah. 13. Georgia Normal & Agricultural College, Albany. 14. State Teachers & Agricultural College, Forsyth. 15. Georgia Experiment Station, Griffin. 16. Coastal Plain Experiment Station, Tifton. 17. West Georgia College, Carrollton. 18. Evening School of Commerce, Atlanta.
The following named institutions are senior colleges, where four (4) years of college work are given:
1. The University of Georgia, at Athens. 2. Georgia School of Technology, at Atlanta. 3. Georgia State College for Women, at Milledge-
ville. 4. Georgia State W omans College, at Valdosta. 5. South Georgia Teachers College, at Statesboro. 6. University of Georgia School of Medicine, at Au-
gusta. 7. Georgia State Industrial College, at Savannah.
The following are junior colleges, where only two (2) years of college work are given:
3

1. North Georgia College, at Dahlonega. 2. Abraham Baldwin Agt"icultural Col_lege, at Tif-
ton. 3. Georgia Southwestern College, at Americus. 4. Middle Georgia College, at Cochran. 5. South Georgia State College, at Douglas. 6. West Georgia College, at Carrollton. 7. Georgia Normal & Agricultural College, at Al-
bany. 8. State Teachers & Agricultural College, at Forsyth.
The two (2) institutions located at Griffin and at Tifton, Georgia, are agricultural experiment stations, having no student bodies.
The Evening School of Commerce is really the Division of Adult Education of the University System of Georgia and gives credit for work done by its students both in Junior and Senior College curricula.
The colleges at Savannah, at Albany, and at Forsyth are conducted for negroes. The :first named is a four (4) year college and the other two (2) are junior colleges. In addition to their college work, these three ( 3) institutions for negroes give high school courses. It is necessary to continue work of this type at these three_. (3) institutions for the present because negro high schools in this state have not yet reached such a standard of efficiency as will permit us to discontinue it.
LEGISLATION
The Regents requested legislation from the General Assembly of Georgia which met in January, 1933, as follows:
a. To make a single appropriation to the Regents of the University System of Georgia with power and authority in the Regents to allocate and/or distribute such State
4

Appropriation in such 'Yay and ..manner and in such amount, or amounts, among the institutions in the University System as the Regents see fit, having in mind a well coordinated and integrated University System.
b.__That the Regents be given power and authority to consolidate institutions, suspend, and/or discontinue their operation, merge departments, inal}gurate or discontinue courses, and to abolish or add degrees.
c. That an appropriation of $1,500,000.00 be made to the Regents for the support and maintenance of the University System in each of the years 1933 and 1934.
d. That an appropriation of at least $100,000.00 be made by the General Assembly to the Regents for necessary repairs to buildings.
e. That the fiscal year for the Regents and for the institutions under their control be changed, so that their fiscal years will begin on the first day of July of each year and end on the 30th day of June in the following year.
All of these recommendations were enacted into law except the appropriation for repairs to buildings.
We appreciate the action of the General Assembly in passing these laws and the act of the Governor in approving them. The wisdom of this legislation has been clearly demonstrated during the past twelve ( 12) months. It has enabled us to build a real University System in Georgia without fear of serious political or other repercussions.
EDUCATIONAL SURVEY
During the first part of the year 1933, the Survey Committee finished its work and furnished us with a very comprehensive report, which has been printed and is on file at the office of the Secretary-Treasurer of this Board in the State Capitol. This is a most excellent report, and we are deeply indebted to the Survey Committee, the membership of which was as follows:
5

Dr. George A.. Works,.. Chairman, Professor of Higher Education, University of Chicago;
Dr. L. D. Coffman, President of the University of Minnesota;
Dr. Edward C. Elliott, President of Purdue University;
Dr. Charles H. Judd, Dean of the School of Education, University of Chicago;
Dr. George F. Zook, President of the University of Akron.
We wish to express our thanks to the General Education Board which made us a grant of $20,000.00 to cover the expense of this survey. This is one case where its money was not wasted, and the good that it has done higher education in Georgia is worth many times its cost.
IMPORTANT RESULTS OF SURVEY AND LEGISLATION
ELIMINATION OF HIGH SCHOOL WORK
The high school is accepted almost universally as a local institution; in other words, it is the function of local governments and not of the State. The Regents, therefore, eliminated the following institutions where only high school work was being given:
( 1) Tenth District Agricultural & Mechanical School, Granite Hill.
(2) The Georgia Vocational & Trade School, Monroe.
( 3) Fourth District Agricultural & Mechanical School, Carrollton.
6

(4) Seventh District Agricultural & Mechanical School, Powder Springs. "'
( 5) Eighth District Agricultural & Mechanical School, Madison.
(6) Ninth District Agricultural & Mechanical School, Clarkesville.
The Regents also discontinued high school work at the following institutions:
( 1) South Georgia Teachers' College, Statesboro. (2) North Georgia College, Dahlonega. ( 3) Georgia Southwestern College, Americus. (4) Middle Georgia College, Cochran. ( 5) South Georgia State College, Douglas.
It is necessary to continue for the present work of high school grade at the three institutions for Negroes located at Savannah, Albany and Forsyth.
JUNIOR COLLEGES
This new educational unit is a development of the past twenty-five years. During the last decade the spread of junior colleges has been very rapid, and there is no doubt but that this new institution will become a permanent part of our educational system in Georgia. It may be that, in the distant future, this unit of education will be taken over by local communities and treated in the same manner as high schools. Such a probability is so remote that we are not concerned with it, and we treat junior colleges as a substantial and permanent part of our University System. We think it most important that we have Junior Colleges in this State, strategically located, so as to afford facilities at a reasonable cost both for those who wish to treat the Junior College as a terminal course, and for those who will continue their work at a Senior College.
7

We are maintaining in this State Junior Colleges for white persons at Dahlonega, Tifton, Americus, Cochran, Douglas and Carrollton; and for negroes at Albany and Forsyth.
DISCONTINUANCE OF CERTAIN FOUR-YEAR COLLEGES
The Regents reached the conclusion that we had too many four-year colleges in Georgia. We were unable to properly maintain them all. We, therefore, eliminated The Bowden State Normal & Industrial College at Bowden, Georgia, and established a junior college known as West Georgia College at Carrollton to serve our people in the western part of the State. We also abolished -Georgia State College for Men at Tifton, Georgia, and established in its place a junior agricultural college known as Abraham Baldwin Agricultural College. In addition, we eliminated all senior college work at North Georgia College at Dahlonega.
DISPOSITION OF DISCONTINUED INSTITUTIONS
CLARKESVILLE AND MADISON
No disposition has been made to date of these closed institutions. Caretakers have been employed to look after them. It is hoped that the local communities will lease or otherwise take them over for school or other public purposes.
PowDER SPRINGS
We have leased this property to Cobb County, Georgia, for the purpose of conducting a consolidated school. We recommend that an Act be passed by the Legislature authorizing the conveyance of the land and the buildings thereon to the proper authority in Cobb County.
8

.. BOWDEN
We have leased the land and buildings at this institution to the Mayor and Council of the City of Bowden, Georgia, and the lessee, with our written consent endorsed thereon, has transferred the lease to a Board of Trustees. A private institution of learning is being conducted at that location, and we recommend that the General Assembly authorize the execution of a conveyance, transferring the properties at Bowden to the Mayor and Council of the City of Bowden.
MONROE
This property has been leased to certain Clttzens in Walton County, and a private school is being conducted there. We recommend that the Legislature pass an Act authorizing the Regents to convey said property to Walton County or to the Mayor and Council of the City of Mon-
roe.
BARNESVILLE
We have leased the properties of this institution to the Mayor and Council of the City of Barnesville for school purposes. It is our information that a school is being conducted there in connection with Gordon Institute, and we recommend that the General Assembly authorize by proper Act the conveyance of these properties to the Mayor and Council of the City of Barnesville.
INTEGRATION AND COORDINATION AT THE UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
The three separate Institutions which formerly existed at Athens, known as The University of Georgia, the Georgia State School of Agricultural & Mechanical Arts, and the Georgia State Teachers' College, are now one institution, with one executive head, known as The University of Georgia. It now has one President, whereas at this time last
9

year there were three. The head of the Agricultural College is now known as the Dean ef the College of Agriculture of The University of Georgia. The Coordinate College of The University of Georgia is now what was formerly Georgia State Teachers' College and functions under a Dean. The confusion, the jealousies, and the habit of working at cross purposes is a thing of the past, and the University of Georgia, with its different Colleges, Schools and Departments is functioning smoothly and harmoniously. This integrated institution should make rapid strides in the quality of its work and in the number of students. A great work has been done at Athens.
VETERINARY MEDICINE
It was very expensive to conduct this course at The University of Georgia. It was a luxury which we could not afford to continue. We, therefore, eliminated it from the list of courses.
FORESTRY
Although other Southern States are attempting toestablish Forestry Schools, we concluded that Georgia has the best opportunity of any State in this section to develop a first class school of this type. We are strengthening this school. Results are gratifying, and all of our graduates have readily secured desirable positions.
ENGINEERING AT THE UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
Courses were given in Civil Engineering and Electrical Engineering. This work was conducted on a very limited scale. It was our opinion that engineering work of this character should be given only at Georgia School of Technology, so we abolished these courses at the University of Georgia.
10

SCHOOLS OF COMMERCE
In 1913 a School of Commerce was opened at The University of Georgia. It was an independent unit administered by its own Dean. During the same year, Georgia School of Technology established its Evening School of Commerce in Atlanta, and three years later began its day work in Commerce. These two institutions were the only ones in the University Systm giving worth while courses in business education.
The University System could not afford to continue two competing Schools of Commerce within sixty-eight miles of each other. It became necessary to determine which school should be discontinued.
It was impossible in our judgment to develop and maintain a strong School of Commerce independently of high-grade work in economics, history and government. These Social Sciences must be and are well developed at The University of Georgia. If good work was to continue in Commerce at Georgia Tech, it would be necessary to d~velop strong courses in the Social Sciences at that Institution. Should this be done, duplication of courses would be further multiplied.
Much has been said about the advantage of having a School of Commerce in a great industrial and financial center like Atlanta. We will have such a school in the Evening School of Commerce there, and it is now being rapidly developed, and will meet the demands and needs of that considerable body of students who must be employed during the working day.
11

Georgia School of Technology is primarily an engineer-
ing school and a splendid one. ft does not have, and is not
likely to develop, a Department of Economics. Taking these matters into consideration and the further fact that Emory University provides business training for students in Atlanta who cannot leave the city, it was decided to discontinue the School of Commerce at Georgia School of Technology.
EVENING SCHOOL OF COMMERCE
(DEPARTMENT OF ADULT EDUCATION)
The Regents thought it advisable to develop a real center of adult education in Atlanta. They, therefore, transferred from The University of Georgia at Athens the Department of General University Extension, and located this Department in the building in Atlanta which houses the Evening School of Commerce. This Department and the Evening School of Commerce is now functioning as an independent unit of the University System. It is doing a splendid work and is growing in numbers and popularity by leaps and bounds. It will not be many years before this unit of the University System will be one of the most popular in the whole System. It now has an enrollment in excess of 700.
ALLOCATION OF STATE APPROPRIATION
For the support and maintenance of its institutions of higher learning for the scholastic years 1933-34 and 193435, the General Assembly appropriated to us $1,500,000.00 for each of said periods. We set aside as a reserve ten per cent. of the amount of said appropriation for scholastic year 1933-34, and allocated the remainder, to-
12

wit: $1,350,000.00, to the various institutions in the Sys-

tem, to the Regents' office, and to the contingent fund, as

follows:



...

Albany ------------$ 27,000.00 Americus ________ 31,500.00
Athens ------------ 360,000.00 Athens, (Smith-
Lever) ________ 108,000.00
Atlanta (Ga. Tech) __________ 198,000.00
Augusta _________ 63,000.00 Carrollton ______ 31,500.00 Cochran __________ 31,500.00
Dahlonega ______ 31,500.00 Douglas __________ 31 ,500. 00

Experiment ----$ 11,250.00
Forsyth ------------ 11,250.00 Milledgeville __ 132,750.00
Savannah -------- 36,000.00 Statesboro ________ 58,500.00
Tifton (Ag. Col.) ____ 40,500.00
Tifton (Exp. Sta.) -- 40,500.00
Valdosta __________ 58,500.00
Regents' Office 37,250.00
Contingent Fund ______________ 10,000.00

TOTAL ------$1,3 5o,ooo.oo

N.B. Athens represents what were formerly (until last July) three institutions, i.e.: The University of Georgia, Georgia State College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts, and Georgia State Teachers' College.

FINANCES AND BANKING

Since taking office, the Regents have not borrowed, nor attempted to borrow any funds from an,.y source whatever for the operation and maintenance of the institutions under its control. We have managed to operate upon the funds received from State and Federal appropriations, student fees, income from endowment funds, and the like.
13

We began a new scholastic year July 1, 1933, and closed the first half of .that year..:Oecember 31, 1933. For that period of six months, we paid out of income received from various sources all current bills and salaries, and had approximately $3,000.00 cash left on hand. We operated the State institutions of higher learning for the last six months of 1933, upon $262,000.00 less than was received from the State for the corresponding period in 1932, and for $45 6,000.00 less than was received from the State for the corresponding period in 1931.
Permit me to call your attention to the fact that there is such a thing as reaching a point in finance below which we cannot efficiently operate these State Institutions. We have now arrived at that point. All funds received from all sources must be utilized, practically without exception, to pay current bills and salaries. We are unable to set aside any sums whatever for replacements, improvements and repairs to existing buildings, or for new structures. Under present depressed financial conditions, it will be possible to carry on for a year, or possibly two years, longer without any capital expenditures; but if our Institutions of higher learning are to progress and be able to accommodate increasing numbers, and if we are to retain the proper personnel, we must look forward to increased appropriations in the near future.
We dare say that the per capita cost of higher education in Georgia is as low or lower than that of any Statesupported institution in the entire country. The cost to this State per annum per student is very slightly in excess of $100.00. This takes into account those students who attend our various summer schools.
PROTECTION OF BANK DEPOSITS
All of our deposits in the various banks where we do business are protected either by a surety bond or by a deposit of United States bonds, State of Georgia bonds, or
14

Georgia Municipal or County bonds approved by the Secretary-Treasurer of this Board. Al.b.ough several banking associations have closed their doors with our funds on deposit, we have been enabled, by selling the bonds deposited for our protection, or otherwise, to save ourselves harmless from any financial loss.
STATE APPROPRIATION
This appropriation should never be less than $1,500,000.00 per annum, and our state's fiscal affairs should, if possible, be so arranged that, when the General Assembly makes an appropriation, it should be paid in full. As our institutions grow and develop, the annual appropriation for their support should be increased by the State. It is essential that the next Legislature make an appropriation for necessary repairs to buildings. Some of our structures are deteriorating very rapidly, and these will soon be dangerous or unfit for occupancy.
SUBSISTENCE HOMESTEAD PROJECT
In Section 208 of the National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933 there was provided an appropriation of $25,000,000. to be lent under the direction of the President or otherwise used in aiding the establishment of subsistence homesteads for the purpose of correcting the over-balance of urban population. Of this $2 5,000,000., there was allocated to Georgia the sum of $1,000,000.
The Regents of the University System saw in this appropriation an opportup.ity to demonstrate new land uses, since some of the soil types in Georgia, due to boll-weevil conditions, had largely become abandoned. They further saw an opportunity for undertaking in a definite way to solve some of the other major problems confronting the agriculture of the State. There is no doubt but that absentee ownership is a definite menace, especially if it results in shiftless agricultural methods by unsupervised share croppers. Anyone with eyes to see can appreciate the toll which this is taking on the soils of Georgia. Soil conservation is absolutely essential to our future prosperity.
15

These, among other considerations, induced the Regents to secure for Georgia the allocation mentioned, which constitutes a loan to a separate corporation without involving either the Regents or the State of Georgia in any financial obligation. The corporation is known as Chancellorsville Homestead Community, Inc. It has acquired options on about 80,000 acres of land, from which will be selected a site in a single body consisting of approximately 25,000 acres. This plan constitutes a new frontier, opening lands to settlement by those who seek, and are capable of taking advantage of, an opportunity to reestablish themselves on the soil, and develop for themselves and their children a wholesome and satisfying way of life.
The Corporation proposes to establish in connection with the agricultural production of the area a complete marketing and processing system so as to give the producer the benefit of the maximum portion of the ultimate price paid by the consumer, and the University System expects to assist those in the area in establishing a cropping system which will not only provide subsistence but also the cash with which the homesteader may pay for his property. On the success of this plan, it will be possible to repeat the program in other sections of the State. No greater contribution can be made to the life of our people than to open up for agriculture opportuni_ties at least equal to those to be found in industry.
SOIL EROSION PROJECTS
REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY SYSTEM OF GEORGIA, IN COOPERATION WITH SOIL EROSION SERVICE DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR,
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
Following direction by resolution of the Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia at its meeting held on Nevember 13, 1933, the Chairman and SecretaryTreasurer of the Board, acting upon information furnished
16

by the soil experts from the Teaching, Research and Extension Divisions of the University"System, made application to the State Advisory Board of the Public Works Administration for funds to be appropriated by direct grant to the Bureau of Soil Erosion Service of the Department of the Interior for demonstrations here in Georgia for two projects for control of soil erosion. These projects consist of an area in the Coastal Plain section and an area in the Piedmont section of our State.
Such applications so made were unanimously approved by the State Advisory Board of the P. W. A. and forwarded to Washington, where they were again checked and approved by the Soil Erosion Service, Department of the Interior. Such applications were then presented to the Board of the P. W. A. in Washington for final approval. The entire program as set out in both projects was given full commendation; but inasmuch as the Soil Erosion Service already had funds in hand which could be expended for such purposes, the applications were turned back to the Soil Erosion Service with the request that it handle such projects as requested by us.
The Director of Soil Erosion Service, at a later conference, advised your Chairman and Secretary-Treasurer that these projects would be carried through on his program and that the Coastal Plain project could be begun on or about March 15th and the Piedmont area project some few months later. The actual amount to be expended in the two projects has not been definitely stated, but the maximum amount considered for such purposes is $400,000. for the Coastal Plain project and $300,000. for the Piedmont project.
These proposed expenditures will not involve the Regents nor the State in any expenditures, nor in any financial obligations of any kind.
17

PROPOSED LOAN AND GRANT FROM PUBLIC WORKS ADMINISTRATION

Under authority granted by the Board, we applied for a loan and grant from Public Works Administration in the amount of $3,570,000.00.
The propects which we proposed to erect with the proceeds of said loan and grant are self-liquidating in character, except for the gymnasiums and auditoriums at the University of Georgia, and at Georgia School of Technology.
The Athletic Associations of these two institutions have respectively assigned and transferred to this Board income in a sufficient amount to enable us to liquidate these projects.

The following schedule gives the name of each institution where public works funds are proposed to be expended, the amount of new construction, amount of necessary repairs, and the total to be expended for each institution.

New

Name of Institution

Construction Repairs

Total

W. Ga. Coil., Carrollton____ $ 92,900.00 $ 15,800.00 $ 108,700.00

N. Ga. Coli., Dahlionega____ 163,600.00 20,000.00 183,600.00

Ga. S. W. Coli., Americus__ 79,850.00 4,200.00 84,050.00

Ga. N. & A. Coil., Albany__ 64,600.00 8,600.00 73,200.00

Abr. B. Agr. Col., Tifton____ 157,650.00 26,000.00 183,650.00

Coastal Pl. Ex. Sta., Tifton 22,850.00

700.00

23,550.00

S. Ga. St. Coli., Douglas____ 68,900.00 16,375.00 85,275.00

Ga. St. Woman's Coil., Val. 142,600.00 10,000.00 152,600.00

Ga. St. Ind. Coil., Savh._____ 49,100.00 10,000.00

59,100.00

S. Ga. Tchrs' Coli., Statesb. 147,200.00 19,000.00 166,200.00

Middle Ga. Coil., Cochran 108,800.00 14,535.00 123,335.00

Ga. St. Coil. Wmn., Milgv. 265,800.00 26,400.00 292,200.00

Univ. of Ga., Athens________ 882.400.00 56,100.00 938,500.00

Ga. Sch. of Tech., Atl.______ 677,000.00 60,605.00 737,605.00

Eve. Sch. of Com., Atlanta 358,435.00

358,435.00

GRAND ToTALs____________$3,281,68 5.00 $288,315.00 $3,570,000.00
18

We filed our application for this loan and grant in the form required, furnishing detailad information, with Georgia State Advisory Board of Public Works Administration.
This Board approved our application, and the same was sent on to Washington for like action.
The Chairman of the Board, and its former SecretaryTreasurer, made three trips to Washington in connection with these projects, and on December 15, 1933, we were advised that Federal Emergncy Administration of Public Works, and the President of the United States, had approved our application in the amount requested.
Subsequently, on January lOth, 1934, we were furnished with a list of conditions which must be complied with by this Board before the funds made available by Public Works Administration could be received and expended for the above project.
These conditions involve the securing of an opinion of nationally recognized bond counsel, as to the power and authority of the Regents to borrow money, to issue bonds, to pledge income, etc.; the bringing of a test suit so that the Supreme Court of this State may pass upon the legal authority of the Regents to do and perform such acts; and, possibly, remedial legislation by the General Assembly of Georgia.
These matters were brought to the attention of the Regents at their meeting held in Atlanta on January 22nd, 1934; and, under the authority of the Board granted at said meeting; we are now proceeding to secure an opinion from bond counsel, and to prepare a test case, so that the issues involved may be promptly passed upon by the Supreme Court of this state.
Should this loan and grant be secured, it will give new life to the University System, and at the same time afford much needed work and employment at thirteen strategically located cities in this State.
19

FIRE INSURANCE
The legal title to all of the lands, buildings, equipment and other personal property of the institutions in the University System is vested in Regents of the University System of Georgia.
We carry fire insurance on buildings in :1 total approximate amount of $5,000,000.00, and on contents in the total approximate amount of $1,000,000.00.
During former years, the General Assembly made an annual appropriation in excess of $100,000.00 to the Governor, for the purpose of paying premiums for insurance placed upon public property. At its last session, the General Assembly failed to make an appropriation for this purpose, and as a consequence, the units in the University System must bear the additional burden of paying premiums to carry fire insurance on their properties, which will amount annually to approximately $44,000.00.
The Regents are skating now on thin financial ice, and we hope that your Excellency will see fit to recommend to the next General Assembly that it either restore the appropriation for payment of premiums on fire insurance, or increase the appropriations to the Regents for the use of the institutions in the University System.
PUBLICITY
We have reason to believe that the people of Georgia are deeply interested in the University System. The newspapers of the State have been most considerate in giving publicity to our institutions.
There is, however, much other valuable, useful and interesting information that should be supplied to newspapers, and we have no agency available to look after this very important duty.
20

It occurs to us that agencies already in the System should be utilized and informed b't the central office of the Regents for this purpose.
It would be bet to secure the services of some person trained in newspaper work, who knows news when he sees it.
REGENTS' CENTRAL OFFICE
The State Capitol is overcrowded.
The Central Office staff is frequently interrupted at its work by roving persons who desire to sit around and gossip.
It would be best, both from an efficiency viewpoint, and for relieving congestion in the State Capitol, if the Central Office of the Regents could be placed at some other location.
Should we receive the loan and grant from Public Works Administration, a new building will be erected in central Atlanta, for the purpose of housing the Evening School of Commerce.
We recommend that offices for the Regents of the University System be designed on the first floor of said proposed building.
The officers and employes of the Board will be able to do much more efficient work, and more appropriate and commodious facilities can be provided.
21

RELATION OF THE UNIVERSITY SYSTEM TO STATEWIDE PUBLI'C SCHOOL SYSTEM
For the proper education of the young men and young women of this State, it is essential that the State Department of Education, and the_University System, work in sympathy and harmony. Each is dependent upon the other.
It gives us pleasure to report to Your Excellency that the State Superintendent of Schools, and his Department, has worked with us ably, efficiently and harmoniously. There is absolutely no friction of any kind between us. The State Department has been of great assistance to us, and we hope that we may have benefitted it, in some slight measure.
This good work should continue.
EDUCATION OF THE NEGRO
Since the negro was emancipated, he has made remarkable strides in the educational field. Our State has awakened to the fact that the best way to make him a good citizen is to educate him properly.
We have three institutions of higher learning for negroes in Georgia, at Savannah, Albany and Forsyth.
We believe that it is for the interest of this considerable portion of our population to be supplied with good teachers and craftsmen.
We, therefore, are placing emphasis upon normal training, and upon the vocations and trades. Facilities in this :field for our colgred citizens should be expanded at existing institutions, as rapidly as conditions permit.
Private institutions for negroes in this State are able to supply the other desirable educational facilities.
22

. COURSES IN AGRICULTURE
There has been a decided tendency at practically all agricultural colleges to educate their students away from the soil. There is one thing which most graduates from these institutions seem to learn perfectly, and that is to quit the farm. This type of college is turning out too many professional agriculturists and too few farmers.
In theory the agricultural college was to train young men to farm successfully, to improve our rural communities by precept and example, and to raise the standard of living and efficiency on the farm. It is a fine theory and was thought out for a majority of our Georgia citizens, of whom more than one half live on farms or in farming communities. But it has been almost a complete failure not only in this State but throughout the country.
The ultimate goal of practically every graduate is to become a County Agent, a professor in some college or school, an employee of the Department of Agriculture of the United States or of the State, a farm machinery salesman, a fertilizer salesman, or something of a similar nature. The farm is his last resort.
This system must be wrong. We do not teach law to make doctors out of law school graduates. Agriculture must be taught in a way and manner which will increase interest in farming and rural communities.
Following this line of reasoning, we have established practical short courses in agriculture at Tifton, and have founded there a junior college of agriculture. Our aim is to educate the sons and daughters of farmers to be efficient and capable farmers and wives of farmers. We are making progress and will continue our effort.
23

CAMPUS RO.i\.DS A:Jii.D DRIVEWAYS
Many driveways are unpaved, notably at The University of Georgia. Some of these are muddy in the winter. All are dusty in the summer and fall.
This is harmful to the health of the students and damages our buildings and their contents.
All of the main arteries of traffic on each campus should be paved.
We request your Excellency to recommend that an
Act be passed at the next session of the General Assembly
authorizing and directing the Highway Department of Georgia to do this paving without expense to the University System.
EXPANSION
It has been the practice in the past in this State, for the University System to take over private educational institutions which were, for financial or other reasons, unsuccessful.
There is no need for any increase in the units of the University System. We have eighteen now, which include of course, the two agricultural experiment stations. Strictly speaking, we now have sixteen institutions with faculties and student bodies. We should preserve the institutions we now have. It would be a fatal mistake to add another, no matter how seductive the promises of any group or community.
SPIRITUALITY
We are training our young people physically and mentally. A State Institution cannot, and should not, attempt to supply religious education of any particular creed or sect. However, it is our belief that the various Institution
24

heads should not only say that they encourage the attendance of students upon religious worship, but they should actually do something to encourage it. Without attempting to prescribe ways and means, we would suggest that it might be a good plan for the Registrars of the various Institutions to furnish to the Ministers in each city where our Institutions are located, a list of those students who profess to be members of their creed or sect. The Presidents of our Institutions could easily cooperate with the different Ministers in securing the attendance of students in the Churches of their choice.
We suggest, further, that students wbo regularly attend their respective churches be given some appropriate credit at the Institution where they are registered.
We are not doing our full duty in training the mind and the body. We should encourage spiritual and moral development, as well.
Everyone will bow the head at these observations, but it is doubtful if anyone will do anything about them.
It would be refreshing at least to hear the name of God used reverently on our campuses and to learn that some old fashioned praying was being done. Many of us have calloused hands and feet and "seats." How about the knees?
CONCLUSION
We are happy to say that the twelve Board members have co-operated as one man. All of them have worked together harmoniously and patiently, having in mind the proper education of the young men and young women of
25

this State, actuated by the desire that we may be able to do something substantial to make them unselfish and patriotic citizens.
We are attempting to supply their educational needs,
at a cost which persons of moderate means will be able to
afford. It is our aim to supply proper educational advantages and spiritual surroundings to the humblest of our citizens, so that they may improve themselves, and upon returning to their local communities do their part toward raising the morale of our citizens, and the quality of their citizenship.
Respectfully submitted,
REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY SYSTEM OF GEORGIA,
By HuGHEs SPALDING, Chairman.
26

0
J. E. DICKERSON. JR., PRINTER 3tl ALABAMA ST., S. W. ATLANTA, OA.