Fiscal year 1988 annual report [1988]

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Georgia Department of Transportation Fiscal Year 1988 Annual Report

In G eorgia, we are very fortunate. Transportation , the fulfilling of our basic, alm ost instin cti ve need to m ove from place to place, comes easily for us. A s well it sh ould. A tlanta is the transportation h ub of the S outh , con necting G eorgia to th e rest ofth e nation and to the world. O ther Georgia cities such as A lbany, C olum bus, Macon, G riffin , Sava n nah, C artersville and A ugusta contin ue to be attractive points of destination for busin esses, new re iden ts and travelers all looking to plug into th e electricit y of Georgia's perpe tual motion.
An overn igh t transportation success ?It m igh t appear th at way,
but the form s for th e future were poured years ago and Georgia, with the pace set by its own forward mom en tum , hasn 't looked back since. Fiscal 1988 has com e and gone, but its impact will be long, lasting. G eorgia, m otivated by its own expectation , will keep on growing; th e G eorgia DOT will be th ere to keep Georgians go ing.

Contents

General Text

Transmittal Letter.. ... .. ...... .. ... 1

Administra tion

3

Organizational Chart

4

Economic Development

Highway System Map

23

Financial Information

24

Highlights

Computer Upgrade

5

Office of Air Transportation

8

2020 Transportation Forum

10

W e tlands

11

Interstate 285's

Golden Crescent

12

Ports and Bridges

13

Urban Studies

14

Hazardous W aste Removal... .. ...... ... 18

Atlanta's In terstates

20

1, 75 Widening

Through Georgia

21

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to b,. ma!l'or transpoa Inte' rstates' I- ,"'-'5and 1-85

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159 Reasons....
Governor Harris:
Iam happy to pre sent to you the Fiscal Year 1988 Annual Report for the Georg ia Department of Transp orta tion.
Georgia is much like a p uzzle with 15 9 intrica te and di ve rse p ieces. The se pieces, or countie s as they are be tter kno w n, ha ve se t the pace for a growing South . And yet, as you know wi th an y puzzle, the integrity of the total picture relies on the relationship of each piece in the puzzle to all surrounding p ieces. A s such, a com p le te and true outlook for Georgia would be lacking were an y of the 159 counties, or p ieces, not inclu ded.
Conversely, eac h of the vast and wonde rful p iece s that crea te our trans portation- b le ssed state when [oined togethe r should never be viewed as simply a m eans to an end. Each county has character a nd an ind ivid ua lity tha t must never be overshadowed or neglected. Every county has special needs to which we must lend a n ear.
In Fiscal '88, we at the DOT took g rea t steps in putting the pieces of the puzzle together. Our engineers a nd our planners, our secretaries and our maintenance e mployees, ou r computer person nel and our adm inistrators, all strived during the year to p lan for and to im p leme nt the necessary transportation aven ues which would keep Georgia perpetually on the move. Although not an easy task, we feel we succeeded. We were able to succeed becouse we never lost sight of the importance of every single piece that went in to creating Georg ia 's transportation p icture.
Like Georgia itse lf, our Fiscol 1988 report is made up of contributions from many smaller areas. Put together, all the departmental p ieces add up to a year filled w ith transportat ion activity, excitement and, most of all, momentum. During the fiscal year we worked hard to keep Georgia 's g rowth and transportation in a healthy perpetual m otion. We are proud of the way th ings came together for the DOT during the past fiscal year. We hope you will be too.
Hal Rives, Comm issione r Georgia DOT
,1

We~ep corgi o vtng
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nMeriwetherMiIlerMitchellMon roeMontgomeryMorgo nMurrayMu scoge uIdi ngPeachP ickensPiercePikePolkPu 10 skiP utnamQu itmo nRabun Rondo Screven SeminoleSpo Id ingStf':phensStewo rtSumterTa lbotTaliaf
rellullt.leiln.T.rio.uPiTu.rniie.riT.w.ig~g~S~u~n.io~n.UIP~s~o~nw~oor
ks

eetcd, left to riJ:ht: DOT Treasurer A rthur V.,uJ:hn and tate HiJ:hwar Engineer A lva Brrom. Standing, left to right: Transportation Commi.sioner H al Ri ves and Dep utv Commissioner James D. McGee.
State Transportation Board of Georgia
Steve Re ynolds Cheirmsn 9 th C ongression a l Distri ct
Tom C. Carr Vice chairma n IOth Congressiona l
D ist ric t
Board Members - Downing Mu sgrove, l st Congressiona l District; Bill y Langdale, 2nd C on gression al District; Frank Morast , 3rd Congressional District ; William Evans, 4th C on gression al District; Brad Hubbert , 5th Congressiona l Distri ct ; Max Goldin , 6th C ongressional Distr ict; Otis Brumb y, [r. , 7th C on gression al District; James L. Conn er , 8th C on gression al Distri ct.

Georgia Department of Transportation Organizational Chart

People

I

Governor

State

General Assembly \

Transportation

Board

I

Commissioner

I
I

Board Secretary/ Executive Assistant

I

I I Office of

I

Engineering Services

I
I State ~ighway I
Engmeer

I Deputy
Commissioner

I
I Treasurer
\

r

I

I

I

Planning & Programming
Division
I

H

Programming

I

Preconstruction Division
\
H Bridge & Structural Design

H

Planning

~

H Environment! Location

Planning Data Services Bureau

~ H Right of Way

Plan Development

~ H Road & Airport Design

H

Public Transportation

y

Urban Design

H

Aeronautics

y

Policy Planning

Group

Construction Division
I
H Construction
H Contracts Administration

H

Materials & Research

y

Prequalification

Group

Operations Division

Administration Division

I
H Maintenance

I H Audits &
Fiscal Procedures

H I Traffic

---1

Engineering & Safety

General Accounting

H

Utilities

H Permits & Enforcement

H General Support Services

y

Air

Transportation

-

~

Personnel

\

H Public Affairs

\

H Systems Development

I

y

State Aid

I

H Equipment Management

Field Districts

1. Gainesville L- 2. Tennille
3. Thomaston
4. Tifton

5. Jesup 6. Cartersville 7. Chamblee

4"

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--;-1
With inc reased computing capacity and abilities more readily available, the evi dence of the Departm ent's reliance on comp uters in Fiscal '88. and for the futu re, became more obvious.

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..

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Offices throughout the D OT were witness to the effects on em ployee productivity cause d by th e DOT's com puter upgrade effo rts. Perhaps the most dram atic outgrowth o f the new s ys te m was th e cepabilit v o f employees to complete greate r volumes of work more easily and in tim e frames pre viousl y not possible.

An unequa led reshaping of th e OOT's

co mputer network in Fisca l 1988

allowed th e Depa rtment, wit h the push

of a co mpute r key, to give the co ncept

of speed an electrifying new meaning.

W ith the flick of a wrist, inform ati on

o n a co mputer screen responded to th e

needs of OOT opera tors with a

previously unseen urgen cy. In th e bat of

an eye, the same inform ati on would

appea r from memor y, disappear with

revisions and th en re-app ear as revised

without th e dreaded dead space o nce

co mmo nplace to th e OO T'

overwhelmed compute r syste m. In Fiscal

'88, thi s qui cken ed co mpute r pace

elevat ed employee produ ctivity to new

hei ghts.

One of th e most vivid examples of

the positiv e effec t th e Fiscal 1988

computer upgrade had on the OOT was

evidenced in the Department's Office of

Permit s and Enforcement. In that office,

the num ber of permits issued to overweigh t and overlength trucks nearly doubled to 700 per day as computer operators spent less time accessing informati on and , through the use of preprogrammed co mpute r scree ns,

Computer aided draFting and design capabilities helped light up termina/s across the DOT.

el iminated ne edless scann ing.

In the Department's Office of Bridge

Design , eng ineers and draftsmen alike witnessed amazing results after the upgrade as access time at design terminals

was sign ifican tly redu ced whi le users of the Int ergraph, or computer aided design and drafting equipment, were able

to produce bridge plan s in hour s rather th an days. So grea t was th e effect of th e upgrade on the OO T, th at th e bridge

design sec tion , for the first tim e in its histor y, had prepared en ou gh brid ge plans to last for an ent ire year, not including

work und erway dur ing Fiscal '88.

In the OOT's Office of Road & Airport Design, the upgrade redu ced dependency on priv ate design co nsulta nts as

departmenta l personnel hand ily tackled increased design assignments with ease th anks to th e grea ter o utput allowed

by the new Intergraph . A ll tot aled , personnel designed nearly 350 miles of proj ec ts during the year at a cost of

approximately $49 5 mi llion, a figure th at was reflective of substa nt ially reduced priv ate design fees.



New Computers Give Lift to the
O ffice of Air Transportation...

R ecord-keeping and inform ation retrieval was greatly enhanced at th e DOT's Air Transpo rtation Offict' in Fiscal 1988 wit h the .1ddition of a compute r sys tem.
The effect of co mpute rs on the Department's progress dur ing th e fiscal yea r was not limited to ground level. In fact , th e rippl e of motion gene rated by the Depa rt ment's co mpute r upgrade efforts reach ed skyward . proport ion s as th e DOT's Office of Air Tran sportation lat ch ed on to th e lat est wave of co mpute r tech no logy and held on for inc reased employee efficiency and more accurate record managem ent.
Speci fica lly, a new persona l co mpute r syste m was insta lled at Air Transportati on during th e year with th e ultimat e results schedu led to be a tran sfer of tedi ou s, manua l record -keeping into a strea mline d co mpute rized system.
Flight stat ist ics for DOT aircraft will appea r readil y upon ope rato r dem and and eas ily access ed figures such as to ta l passen ger mil es, average passen ger load and pilot pre- and postfl ight operations will a id in flight planning.
W hen fully impl em ented, th e new co mp ute r syste m will a lso be used for aircraft mainten an ce records and th e sche duling of th e man y Federal Aviati on Administr ati on required mainten an ce inspec t ions.
...A s Revamped Hangar Space Boosts Image

Back on th e gro und, th e O ffice of A ir T ran sportation made a

giant leap forward during the yea r as it co mpleted a ren o vati on and

en largeme nt of its office space, crea ting a new visit or reception

ce nter in th e pro cess. The ren o vat ion s dram at icall y imp roved th e

o ffice's image with dignitaries and officials traveling to Georgia.

The reception ce nter locat ed adjace n t to th e Dep artment of

Tran sportation han gar at Fulton County's C ha rlie Brown Airport

was remodeled and en larged in ord er to esta blish a better cor pora te

image for Georgia. The faci lity progressed fro m auste re to impr essive

as ca rpe t , wa llpaper and new furni shings added a profe ssion al and

exec ut ive edge th at was forme rly lacking.

The new surro und ings co n vey not on ly G eorgia's co nce rn about

posit ive first impr ession s but a lso the be lief that th ose positiv e

impressions will help gene rate busin ess doll ars for the sta te and job s

for G eorgia c itizens by att rac t ing eithe r new or expa nded indu stries

to th e region.



8~

Georgia DOT Views the Future With 2020 Transportation Vision

As part of a national effort, the Georgia DOT hosted a transportation forum at the Georgia World Congress Center. Opinions and ideas from the day-long event will help formulate a transportation plan for Georgia into the next century.

In April 1988, Georgia's perpetual motion took a pivotal turn as the DOT along with the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) sponsored a state transportation forum as part of a national effort to assess transportation needs for the future.
Entitled "Transportation 2020," the forum was part of a program of similar forums held throughout the country to analyze the status of transportation in the U. S., and specifically, how that status stacks up to the needs of a growing population into the next century.
"Transportation 2020" was designed as an intensive, multi-year effort to identify urgent highway and transit needs through the year 2020.
Although the nation has over 3. 9 million miles ofexisting roadway, to secure better transportation in the future the United States must preserve the roadway that is now in use. Large sections, including older portions of the interstate are wearing out and many bridges are now obsolete. The situation calls for innovation, demanding re-evaluation of the existing policies governing highway and transit development.
The national and Georgia forums were particularly pertinent as a gauge for the progress of the National System of Interstate and Defense Highways, a system outlined and adopted by Congress in 1944. Most states have completed or are nearing completion of the original interstate mileage designated by Congress. Georgia's original interstate mileage was completed in 1977. As such, the Georgia 2020 forum was an effective and vital sounding board for discussing what role Georgia will play in the nation's transportation future.
Since the System of Interstate and Defense Highways will be completed in the next few years, there is now, more than ever before, a crucial need to identify the growing demands for future transportation developments to meet the needs of an ever-changing society.
At Georgia's forum, Governor Joe Frank Harris served as honorary chairman of a lO-member panel, which included

DOT Commissioner Hal Rives and representatives from the Federal Highway Administration, that was present to answer questions and to offer expert opinion concerning Georgia's transportation future. Also present were panelists from the Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority (MARTA), the city of Atlanta and regional and national AASHTO representatives.
Since the System of Interstate and Defense Highways will be completed in the next few years, there is now, more than ever before, a crucial need to identify the growing demands for future transportation developments to meet the needs ofan ever-changing society.
Issues discussed at the forum included transportation planning, federal and state funding, mass transportation and innovations including the use of computers and advanced mapping/graphics programs.
More than 200 people attended the day-long forum at the Georgia World Congress Center. The ideas from Georgia's forum were compiled and forwarded to AASHTO's national headquarters in Washington, D.C. and collated with results from 63 other forums held around the country.
After the results of the forum have been reviewed and a consensus opinion on highway development into the future has been formed, efforts will begin to enact the plan in late 1988 focusing on the lOlst Congress (1989-90), the new federal Administration and state and local governments.

Wetland A reas N ot Wasted Wh en Roads Are Constructed
Constru cting roads while main taining Georgia's delicate en vironmental balance was ofgreat concern to the DOT in Fiscal '88.

When und ergoing road precon stru ct ion th e G eorgia DOT keeps a close eye on en viron ment a l regulati on s. A major environmenta l issue th at was grounds for discussion in Fiscal Year 1988 was th e laws govern ing th e protecti on of G eorgia's wetl ands.
Approximately 70 percent of th e wetl and s in thi s coun try are in th e Southeast . In G eorgia, o nce you reach th e fall lin e where a drop in th e elevati on leads to higher ground wat er , th e prevalen ce of wetl ands increases.
W etl ands ca n best be describ ed as lands where satu rat ion with wat er is th e dom inant facto r det erm ining th e nature of soil dev elo ped and th e types of plant and an ima l co mmun ities living in or on the soil.
In order for th e DOT to sta rt any road const ruc tion through wetl an d areas, one of three permits must be obtaine d from eithe r th e Env ironmen ta l Prot ect ion Agen cy (EPA) o r th e Army Corps of Eng inee rs. The type of perm it ob tai ned is a direct reflect ion of the size of th e wetla nd to be affected.
The EPA and th e A rm y Corps of Eng inee rs are very ca reful whe n issuing perm its for th e fill-in of wetl an ds. These lands serve man y useful purposes in th e growt h of Georgia's en vironment . When removing th ese wetl ands due to co nstruction of sta te highways and interstat es, ca reful
, II

Sh own at left is a DOT created wetland habitat formed inside Evans Count)' as mitigation for roadwa y wetland impacts.
precauti on s must be taken . The DOT reali zes th at wetl ands are of major importance to the surrounding environment, but, as a tr an sportation agency, th e DOT must also take int o co nsiderat ion the increasin g needs of G eorgia residents.
Growth in Georgia, especia lly in th e metro Atlanta area , is on th e rise. This rapid growth brin gs abo ut probl ems in traffic congest ion, and thus leads to th e need for a more access ible highw ay and road syste m. As a result of road construc tion, some en viro n menta l sites , such as wetl ands, must be removed and replaced or relocat ed altoge the r, making it necessary for the DOT, EPA and the Army Corps of Engin eers to resolve any con tro versies ove r th e wetl an d removallreplacement issue.
In Fiscal Year 1988 th ere were numerous project s dea ling with th e growing conce rn ove r th e removal of wetl and s. Ap proximatel y 85 project s in vol ving wetl an ds were in various stages for th e fiscal year. These projects ran ged all th e way from th e north Georgia mountains of Dade County, to th e flat terr ain of th e sta te' sou the rn most coun ties.
Keepin g Georgia e n th e go was a vita l part of th e fiscal year for th e DOT, but not at the expe nse of the sta te's delicat e wetl ands. W orking with env ironmentalists, th e Georgia DOT sough t dur ing th e year to achieve a harm oni ous mix of nature at rest and man in motion.

Traffic Surveys Pan for Answers
In Atlanta's "G o den Crescent"

Through traffic stud y survej-s taken in Fiscal 1988. the Georgia DO T sought to obtain transportation alterneti ves for th e "Go lden Crescent " area of A tlan ta 's Perimeter In terstate 285.

Ge orgia's eve r-cha nging traffic pattern s and th e dramatic increases th e sta te has experienced in traffic volume requir e constan t scrutiny by the Ge orgia DOT. Perh aps at no other point was th is ana lyzing more evident in Fiscal Year 1988 th an on the northern port ion of 1-285, Atlanta's Perimeter Interstate, bet ween We st Paces Ferry Road and LaVista Road, common ly referred to as th e "Golden C rescen t. "
Since its co mpletion in 1969 . 1-285 has not on ly been a cata lyst for growt h across met ropolitan Atl anta, it has grown itself as traffic volumes dict ated a need for additiona l lan es at various points along th e 63 miles which compose th e route . As such . 1-285 has been widen ed in termittent ly to adjust to a G eorgia on th e go. Recently, th e need for expansio n has been especia lly eviden t on th e 18.6-mile "G olden C rescent" segment of the perimeter. This section of th e perim eter acq uired its
bynam~ because it is regarded as one of th e busiest, both
eco no mically and co mmercia lly. in met ropol itan Atlanta. Traffic congestion in th e "Golden C rescent" is of great
co nce rn to th e DOT since an est imated 2 12,000 vehicle pas ' th rough thi s section of 1-285 daily, easily qualifying thi s ecrion of intersta te as one of th e most heavily trav eled in th e sta te. In addition, traffic projec tio ns point to inc reased traffic volume in th is area in the future.
The perpetual growth of Atlanta's urban area is making it necessary for DOT eng inee rs to do as much as possible to .ease c~owded roads caused by th e increased traffic volumes in thi s region .of th e perim et er. O ne plan discussed during the year was to widen 1-285 from one end of the "Golden C rescent " to th e othe r.
Plan s for th e widening were initiated in Janu ary 1988 when -th e DOT, local ch ambers of co mmerce and various business leaders conducted a travel survey of th e area to det ermine th e spec ific impact th at employees who work in th e "Golde n C rescent" region have on traffic volumes.
The survey was designed to co mpute how man y work relat ed trips th ese employees in the study area made on th e average in one day. urvey forms were del ivered to approxima te ly 98 percent of th e 152,000 mem ber workforce with in th e "Golden C rescent" region. The survey was co nside red succes ful wit h a nea r 28 percen t response .

The survey dealt with morning and eve n ing rush hour traffic

time , taking into con ideration that these hou rs are the most

hectic driving period ' for rnorori T traveling along the northern

segment of 1-2 5.

Survey part icipants were asked a series of que tion s to help

DOT official determine what teps would be taken to reduce

traffic conge tio n. As a re ult of th e urvey, alte rnate methods

to improve acce to 1-285 in th e "G olden C rescent" were

discussed by DOT planner and enginee rs. urvey respondents

suggested alte rna tives for the region ran ging from increasing

transportation facilitie thro ugh the additio n of lan es to re-

eva luating modes of tran portation by providing for car pools,

van pools or a rail system.

At th e end of th e fiscal year, pecific improvements for th e

"Golde n C rescent" were in th e negotiation process as were

det ails for fund ing for improvemen ts. More importantly though,

th e wheels of progress were set in moti on during the year as

dep artm ental efforts helped pave the way for a futur e of safer

and more acce ible travel in 1-285's heavily traveled "G olden

C resc e n t " .



A section of the "Go lden Crescent", 1-285 at 1-75 looking westbound.

12 '

Port and Harbor Expansion H elps Georgia Build a Bridge to the Fu ture

In an effort to increase the capacit y of Georgia's ports and harbors, the Georgia DO T began to purchase right-o f-way for the widen ing of Savannah Harbor, unveiled the replacemenr of Sa\71nnah 's Talmadge Memo rial Bridge and stu died altematives for th e Sydney Lanier Bridge in Brun swick in Fiscal '88.

T he DOT conside rs wat er tran sportat ion a very important aspec t of Georgia's overall transportati on picture. A large major ity of consumer goods are imported from o the r sta tes and countries. During Fiscal '88, th e DOT continued its co mmitmen t to see ing th at Georgia's port s and harbors remain among the best on th e easte rn seaboa rd . Th is year the Department was very act ive in th e upkeep and imp rovements of G eorgia's ports and h arbors.
During Fiscal '88 , th e DOT, along with th e Army C orp s of Engin eers, was busy purchasing the righ t-of-way needed to widen Savannah Harbor from 400 feet to 500 feet between the Fig Islan d turn ing basin and Kings Islan d. The project will cost $14 mill ion and should be co mp leted by th e summer of 1990.

The project will allow larger h ips to pass th rough th e harbor whi ch expe rts predict will increase the num ber of compan ies both foreign and domestic importing raw mat erials and manu factured goods to ava n na h ,
An other tep th e DOT took to ward imp roving po rts in G eorgia was planning for the repl acement of th e T alm adge Memo rial Bridge. avan na h port autho rit ies have co mplained for several yea r th at many larger sh ips co uld not clear th e exist ing bridge. In Nove mbe r of 1987, G overnor Joe Frank Harris and DOT officials took part in ground break ing cere monie s for replacing the bridge . The new bridge will have a vertical clearance of 185 feet, 50 feet h igher tha n the existing bridge . The bridge will allow larger sh ips carrying

more freight into Sa vanna h Port. The

project will cost approximately $90

million and shou ld be co mp leted in

Fiscal Year 1991.

The DOT , wit h the Georgia Ports

A uthor ity, also ini t iated a study during

Fiscal '88 to determine th e con straints

imposed on the Brunswick Harbor by

the Sidney Lanier Bridge. The DO T will

use the study to determine what should

be done for the Brunswick Harbor to

reach its full po te ntial in the import and

exp ort market. T he study will be

conducted in two pha ses. Pha se one will

offer alte rn at ives to reduce the

navigat ion al rest rictions of the bridge

and imp rove safety. Ph ase two will

det erm ine th e design and cost of selected

alte rnatives. The study is scheduled to

be co mpleted in 1989 .



Above is an artist's conception o f the bridge whic h will replace the Talmadge M emorial Bridge in Savannah. T he project is scheduled for completion in Fiscal Year 1991 . , 13

Urban Update Studies A id Cities In D esigning Future Transportation

Planning for urban and urbanized areas is a cooperative and ongoing effort in which the Geo rgia DOT pro vides guidance. expertise and technology to local planning and design sta ffs in their effort to initia te o r update a transportation stu d y. T he FY 1988 planning stu dies are shown below.

College A ven ue, Athens

Athens

C ompleting th e 1985

ZOOS

tran sportat ion plan update was th e

prim ary activity for th e Athens area in

Fiscal Year 1988. A comprehensive

tran sportati on plan was developed for

Athen s and Cl arke Coun ty, alon g with

a portion of northern Oc onee C ounty,

during th e 1970's and early 1980's. The

primary purp ose of the plan was to

recommend various tran sportati on

facility improvements wh ich would be

needed th rough 1995 to meet th e

expec ted tra nspo rtation de mands in th e

area . In the mid- 1980's, it becam e

necessary to look furt her into the future ,

and planning activi ties to extend th e

plan to the year ZOOS were begun .

In Fiscal Year 1988 , DOT urban planners extended th eir usual plann ing activities and an updated repo rt was developed. The plan was based on the most curren t projections of futu re tran sport ati on demands for the area which in tum are based on the current projecti on s of growth in socia l, eco no mic and land use act ivit ies in the Athens - C larke and Oc onee counties area. T he new ly upd ated tra nsportation plan contains nu me rous specific recom mendat ions for h igh way, tran sit and airpo rt improvement projects focusin g specifically on this area . The plan was endorse d by bot h th e local and sta te govern ments, and during the fiscal year was documented in a publi shed re p o r t .

Columbus
A continu ing and comp rehe nsive transportati on planning process h as been in effect for the C olumbusMuscogee County area in Georgia, as well as th e adjo in ing Phen ix C ity area in Al abam a, since th e late 1960's. Th is process has resulted in a ZO-year transporta tion plan consisting of a nu mber of tran sportat ion improvement projec ts designed to meet th e forecast transporta tion requirements for thi s area. The current plan cove rs 1985 to 2005.
In order to get a more acc ura te picture

of the inc reasing tran sportat ion dem and s with in this ZO-year time period , a mid -period or interim forecast report was begun for th e year 1995. Work during Fiscal 1988 was centered around gathe ring th e basic planning data forecasts in orde r to develop 1995 traffic forecasts for th e C olumbus area . This will ena ble th e DOT personnel to develop a more acc ura te priority for implement ing th e transportation imp rovemen t projects ide nt ified in th e 1985 - ZOOS urban update plan.
First A venue, Columbus

Continued
14 '

Br un sw ick
In Brunswick during the fiscal yea r, DO T urban planne rs began a th orough upda te of the Brunswick Area T ransportat ion Study with a comp letion date set for early ca lenda r year 1989.
W hile coordinat ing and devel oping the update, the Depa rtment exa mined several factors. In the tran spor tat ion plan updat e, such items as pop ulati on, em ploymen t, land u e and genera l traffic conditions were ana lyzed and eva luated for the ir influence o n the need to improve various ci ty and county stree ts.
T he base year 198 7 pop ulat ion and

emp loyment est imat es were used to forecast conditi ons in the year 20 10. These future estim ates were th en used to deve lop a comprehe nsive tran sport at ion plan that hould adequate ly serve the year 2010 popu latio n .
An interesting aspect of the DOT' urban study work in Brunswick during th e fiscal year was that depa rtment al urban plan ners worked clo ely with privat e industry consultants who began cond ucti ng an intensive tud v of th e Brunswick Harbo r. In the cour e of the tran sportation plan update, any data deve loped will be made ava ilable to th e co nsult an ts for their u e. Data developed

would be for present and future populatio n, employment , traffic estimates, maps and land use among ot he r items.
The in it ial transporta tion plan updat e wa scheduled for co mp let ion prior to th e final harbor report and also prior to any adoption of ideas con tained with in the consultant's repor t. Therefore, th e tran porration plan may be updated again on ce a harbor developmen t plan is approved by all poli tica l jurisdictions. The deciding factor for possibly changing th e tran sportati on plan will be any act ions taken by th e po litic al jurisd ict ions as a result of ideas conta ined within th e repo rt.

S uccess ful urban planning hes helped man r busi ness district s through out Georgia prosper. Broad S treet in A ugusta. shown at right. is not on ly a primar v transportation tho roughfa re throug h th e city, but it also let s local residents conduct business. shop or dine wit h ease bv creating a ven ue through which both urban transpor tation needs and th e n eeds o f individuals ma r be m et .

A u g u sta
During th e fiscal year, work began on updating th e Au gusta Regional Tran sportation S tudy (ARTS) and th e planning hori zon was exte nded to th e year 20 10.
The A RTS is a comp rehe nsive, coo perat ive and continuing study. It is co mp rehe nsive in th at it account s for th e relat ion sh ip bet ween tran sportat ion and overall urb an development; it is coo perative in th at th e process in vol ves both federa l and sta te and local level s of gove rn men t and define s th eir roles and respon sibilities; it is a cont inuing process in th at the study is being

co nt inually updat ed to devel op and maintain a valid and acceptable longran ge (20-year) tran sportati on plan for th e ARTS area.
The ARTS study was updat ed to represent travel co nd itions expec ted by the year 20 10. The updat e was acco mp lished by work ing with the local planning co mmission to upda te presen t and future (years 1987 and 20 10) soc ial, econo mic and land use co ndi tions for eac h of 422 traffic zones. Th is info rma tion included popul at ion , housin g units, school enrollment, veh icles ava ilable for travel , wholesale employment , ret ail employment, service employmen t, tot al employment and

labor force. A ll of this dat a was th en used to est imate trip-making ac t ivit ies in th e Au gusta area.
Through the use of compute rized model s, th e Department was ab le to esti mate how man y future trips would be generated , where th ese tri ps wo uld go and what rou tes th ey would use.
By havin g th ese co mpute rized models. DOT planners de te rmine d th e locat ion and magn itude of present and future tran sportati on probl ems. They also provided a sound method to test alte rna tive solutio ns and develop a lon gran ge plan for th e year 20 I0 th at will meet th e needs of th e traveling public in the Au gusta area .
Contin ued

, 15

R om e
Since th e lat e 1960's, a comprehe nsive transport at ion planni ng proc ess has been und erway for the city of Rome and a major porti on of Floyd County. The process result ed in a recommen ded tran sportati on plan being

devel oped and ado pted by the sta te an d local gove rn ments in 1977.
Since tha t time, many projects ident ified by the plan ha ve been implemented. In the mid-1980's, an update to that plan wa begun with a targeted plann ing hori zon set for th e year 200 5 .

Dur ing Fiscal 1988, th is updat e was com pleted. A tran sportati on plan with a target completio n date of th e year 2005 was devel oped, and th e planning acn vrnes and the tran sportation improvement project s which co mprise th e plan were identified and doc umen ted in a publi she d report.

D alton
A comprehe nsive transpo rta tion plan was deve loped in the 1970's for north G eorgia's Dalto n and much of W h itfie ld County. T his plan not on ly defined th e transport at ion needs of th e area, but a lso

recommended a specific program of tran sportation improvement proje cts to meet th ese needs thro ugh 1995 .
ln Fiscal Year 198 , local leader expressed a desire to updat e thi s plan int o th e 2005 - 2010 time period. These desires were discussed with th e Ge o rgia

OOT' O ffice of Planning, but little planning act ivity was initiated due to a lack of resources within th e Depart ment. OOT planners were hop eful at th e end of the fiscal year to pursue further plan updat es for Dalto n and W h itfield
o unty in Fiscal Year 1989 .

Chatham County , Savannah
W ith a sche duled completion date set for ea rly Fiscal [989 , work began in the C ha tha m C ounty area in Fiscal 1988 on a major upd at e to C hatha m's urban study includin g an exte nsion of th e study's planning target year to 2010 .
Planning for the future transportation needs of Savanna h and C ha tham Co unty have become inc reasing ly more important as the number of new residents continues to rise.
Al ternat e transpo rtation syste m were eva luated with th e esti mated year 2010
River Street, Savan nah

traffic in order to determine th e most co t effective and safe tran sportati on system th at will atisfactorily handle th e antic ipated traffic in C ha tha m County well into th e next centu ry. The many tran sportati on syste m alte rna tives include mod em transportati on system management , traffic en gineering (in te rsection imp rovements), major street widening and construct ion of facilit ie on new align ment . Spec ial emphasis wa placed on th e effec ts of rapid ly developing areas such as th e eastern islands, Hutchinson Island and the western part of the co unty .

Gainesvill e
During Fiscal 1988, the updated Ga inesvi lle- Hall Tran spo rtat ion St udy (GHTS) was presented to th e pub lic for co mment , reviewed by th e Depart ment and ado pted by Hall County and G ainesville C ity commission s. This plan cons ists of recommend ed major and min or widening of exist ing stree ts, safety imp rovem ents. widening existing o r co nstructing para llel bridges ove r Lake Lan ier and con structi on of new facilities. These prop osed improvements were prio ritized in five-year stages and est ima tes prepared for construc tio n and right-of-way costs.

Staging recommended imp rovements allows local gove rn ments and th e Department to anticipate fut ure roadway needs and their associa ted fiscal requir ements. Seve ral of th e plan 's proposed imp rovements h ave already been selected for imp lementati on whil e o thers will be required to wait until additiona l funds become ava ilable.
Even th ough th e planning process has produc ed a locally adopted tran sportation plan , th e process is flexible and may be amended to reflect th e un foreseen and sometimes inev itab le cha nges th at occur.
Main Street, Gainesville

Contin ued
16 '

Warner Robins
In the past, study docum ents, such as plan docum entations and land use plans, were very tec hn ical acco unts of each step taken in th e planning process with little time or space dedicated to the study area as a vib rant entity. During Fiscal Year 1988, th e Georgia DOT worked closely wit h local planne rs in W am er Robins preparing a somewhat differe nt

type of study documentation . The goa l of th e W arner Robins A rea
Tran sportat ion Study (W RATS) 200 5 Documentation was to presen t an o vera ll view of th e W arner Robins area. In addition to discussing the plan ning process, the exist ing transportation system and future tran sportat ion imp rovement needs, the report included present and futur e demograph ics,

ph ysiographic cha racterist ics and land developm ent patterns. A n attempt was made to identify and develop the interrelat ion ship th at exists between a transporta tio n system and the peop le and land it serves.
It was hoped th at th is report would aid planners in esta blishi ng a dist inctive tran sportati on plan geared to th e growin g W arn er Robi ns area.

Cherry Street, Macon

Macon
During Fiscal 1988, DOT and local planners began an ana lysis and update of the Macon area Func t ional Classification Syste m - a system in which stree ts and highways are grouped int o classes acco rding to the character of service they are intended to perform. The resultin g designat ions will be ut ilized by th e Depart ment in determining the appropriate source of funds for roadway and int ersecti on im prov e me nt s.
Last upd ated in 1983, local planners had sinc e identified several po te ntial changes occ urring within th eir system (i.e. co llectors functioning as arterials, loca l roads behaving as co llecto rs, etc. ).

These type cha nges, however, are typical of growing urban areas and usually do not greatly affect funding catego ries.
Macon's requ ested updat e of its Func t iona l C lassifica tio n Syste m was brought abo ut by an attempt to develop an ordina nce to protect road right-ofway from increasin g developm ent pressure. Right-of-way requirements are based on a roadway's function; therefore, local planners exp ressed a desi re to utili ze th e DOT's roadway classificati on s as a basis for their right-of-way prot ecti on ord ina nce. T o th at end , in Fiscal '88 the Dep artment in itiated th e review and update of Macon 's Functi onal C lassificati on and FederalA id Systems.

Dougherty County , Albany
In the Doughe rty County area during Fiscal 1988, the DOT updat ed th e 2005 A dopt ed Street and H ighway Plan and extended th at same plan to th e year 2010 .
The street and highway plan was upd ated by using computer models to

predict future street defici en cies. The year 2010 socia l and econ o mic data was used to predict fut ure travel patterns . By examin ing th e existing street system and comparing it with future traffic estimates , location s were selected th at would need impro vement in order to main tain a safe and reasonably un con gested stree t syste m th rough th e

year 2010 . The final product of th e ana lysis
proce ss in the Doughe rty area was an updated 2010 tran sportati on plan and Tran sportati on Improvement Program. The recommended plan was ado pted by the local technical coordina ting co mmittee in March 1988 and by th e policy committee in Ma y 1988.

Chattanooga
The Chattan ooga urbani zed area, whi ch encompasses northern port ions of Catoosa, Dade and W alker coun t ies in Georgia as well as Hamilton C ounty in T ennessee, h as h ad a tran sportati on planning process underway since th e 1960's, and an ado pted transportation

plan since th e ea rly 1970's. The tra nspo rtatio n plan has been periodica lly updated with th e most rece nt upd ate begun in 1987. This most recent upd at e was designed to ca rry th e plan in to th e year 2010.
In Fiscal Year 1988 th is ac ti vity co nt inued with th e G eorgia DOT's primary efforts be ing direct ed toward upda ting th e existing area infrastruc ture

and toward forecas t ing socia l, eco nomic

and land use inform ation . This

informat ion will be used to predict th e

travel dem and and act ivity in th e area

between now and the year 2010 and will

be integrated with similar inform ati on

being developed in T ennessee in order

to ultimatel y devel op an area -wide

coordinat ed updat ed transpo rta tion

plan .



, 17

Hazardous Was te, Underground Tank s Cultivate D O T Concern in Fiscal 1988

In road construction, th e DOT som etimes mu st utilize proper t y once used as a landfill or land wh ...re undery:mund storage tanks are located. To ensure this propert y is sa fe (or ma d use th e DO T in vestigates project sites and takes the eppropriut action be [or construction begins.

At a glance , Georgia's grea t

land fill studies near the

outdoors and a modern mul ti-

T homa ville Bypass and the

lan e h ighw ay may see m at

Ei enhower

Pa rk wa y

odds, and in fact, the two

Exten sion in Macon dur ing

co mpe ted for a sha re of th e

Fiscal Year 1988.

spo tl igh t in Fiscal '88. It was

In additio n to conce rn over

th e task of th e DOT during

landfill sites , th e Department

th e year to orches trate a keen

ded icat ed resou rces and

ba lance between its firm

manhour during th e year for

co mmi tmen t to sta te wide

th e locati on and removal of

tran sport ati on and its respect

faulty und erground sto rage

for th e sta te 's natural

tanks acquired th rough th e

resour ces. This sense of

G eorgia DOT's right-of-way

balan ce became increasin gly

acquisition process.

important as Georgia's

In its effort to broaden

populatio n cont inued to

tran portati on alte rna tives by

grow, esca lat ing th e need for

co nstruc ting new sta te routes

efficie nt transport ati on while

and by widening exis ting

height en ing th e gene ral

routes, th e DOT must

awareness of en vironmen tal

purch ase right-of-way. In th e

preser vati on.

land acquisition process, th e

In Fiscal '88, suspec t waste

DOT ofte n faces th e

mat er ials in lan dfills and faulty undergroun d storage tanks acqui red through th e

Abo"e, cons ultants working (or the Geo rgia DOT conduct an environmental site asses.ment at a boreho le located at an sbandon ed landfill.

pos ibility of acquiring land occ upied by gas sta tio ns. Histo ry has proven th at a high

purch ase of right -of-wav were two important environmen ta l percentage of th ese ta nks do leak a certai n amount of gas. In

issues to th e DOT.

some cases , the sta tion may have been operationa l when th e

In orde r to meet Georgia's growing tran sportati on needs, land was acquired . In othe r instan ces, th e sta tio n owne rs may

th e Department is ofte n faced with th e possibilit y of have aba ndo ned th e lot years prior to th e acq uisitio n of th e

co nstructi ng roads ove r or near landfills th at may co ntain waste land by th e DO T. In eithe r ci rcumstance, the Georgia DO T

mat er ial. U nder new federa l law , th e DOT is respon sible for strived to e limina te th e hazards of faulty tan ks by locating and

th e removal and disposa l of waste mat erial from propert y th e remov ing th em from or near departmental project sites during

Department may use in th e future for road construction. th e fiscal year.

T he refore, th e DO T and federal agenc ies cont inued

During th e year, th e Department held th at th e removal of

in vestigating lan dfill areas during th e year th at were possible faulty und erground storage tanks and th e study and treatment

waste sites.

of su pect waste ires were impo rta nt safeguards for G eorgia'

T oward th e end of the fiscal year, the DO T a sisted federal environme nt . By ma int aining its conce rn for th e env ironment

agenc ies in completi ng a lan dfill rudy near th e orth Dalto n whil e at th e same t ime cont in uing to acce pt th e tran sportati on

Bypass. The Department beca me aware th at pot entially to xic cha llenges of a growing Georgia , th e Department of

material had bee n placed in th e landfill by Dalt on T ran sportati on in Fiscal Year 1988 made great strides in

manufacturers in th e 1950's. The Department also began enha ncing the sta te for all citi zen s.



Atlanta A nticipates T raffic Freedom As Interstate R econstruction Nears End

During Fiscal '88, continued work on the "Freeing th e Freeways " program brough t the Atlanta intcrsuue recons truction project to th e final cons truction phase,

In 1978 th e Georgia Departm ent of Tran sportati on began a massive reco nstruc t ion effort to "free" th e Atlanta area int erstat es of th e traffic jams and slow-downs th at were beginning to clog th e major transportat ion arte ries in and o ut of th e cit y.
During Fiscal Year 1988 thi s lO-year recon struction to ensure free-flowi ng moti on throu gh A tlant a approac hed its successful completion .
The origina l downtown Atlanta int erst at e co nstruc t ion sta rted in th e late 1940's and ea rly 50's and was co mpleted in Octob er of 1969. These ori gin al interstates, though well -planned for th e

time, quickly became obsohte a the unforseen pop ulation inc rea'e in the Atlanta area dictated an expanded tran sportati on network.
Thus, in 1978, th e $ 1.4 billion "Free ing th e Freeways" project began and with it th e DOT hoped to restore traffic flow by alleviating th e co ngest ion which had begun to plague Int erstates 75 , 85, 285 and 20 Within th e Metropolitan Atlanta area. "Freeing th e Freeways" was to affect a tota l of 127 miles of roadway within 1-285, Atlan ta's perim et er route .
Overall, th e project invol ved designing new roads, acce ss roads and bridges and also widel\in g and

rcde: igning cxi ,ting road and brid ge ,

wh ile at the same tim e keepin g traffic

flowing with as man y lan es open dur ing

ru h hour as before work began .

Helping to create a .afer. more

efficient and les .tre sful dri ving

en vironme nt for mot orist were three

distinct goa ls for planner. designer and

builder ' involved in th e rna sive proje ct.

W ork on th e project was sc heduled

to con t inue into Fi ca l Year 1989. As

"Freeing the Freeways" ne ared it

complet ion , Atlanta and Georgia as a

who le were both ant icipat ing the bigger

and better tran sportat ion ca pabilirie

th e new ly rede ignc d interstat e ystcm

would provide.



Before:
Looking north toward Lakewood Freeway during cons truction on 1- 75/85 , south of A tlanta,

20 ,

DOT Spurs State's Economic Growth, Increases Accessibility, Widens Interstate 75

As part of a plan to improve accessibility and increase capacity, the DOT awarded 6everalllMjorCODtl'llCts during Fiscal '88 for work on 1-75.

Perhaps like no other highway in the state, 1-75 is thoroughfare for outof.state travelers, causing Georgia to

Georgia's link to the nation. More than one fifth, or roughly be vulnerable to traffic problems during any time of day.

355 miles, of the route's total span lies within Georgia's

Although improved access to 175 is important, the OOT

borders. Stretching from Sault Saint Marie, Michigan at also strived to improve safety on the interstate by reducing

the Canadian border to near Naples, Florida, 1-75 in its as much congestion as possible in order for the freeway to

entirety is one of the nation's premier north-south highway run more smoothly.

arteries, providing a vital link for interstate travel and

During the fiscal year several projects were either

commerce. The total route extends approximately 1,683 underway or let to contract on 175. One concentrated area

miles and as such is one of the longest continuous highways of construction was the northern half of the state from the

in the world.

metro Atlanta area to the Tennessee line, the most heavily

Since its completion in 1977, 1-75 has experienced an traveled section of 175 in Georgia. Several contracts were

overwhelming increase in its overall traffic volume as the underway on the nearly 67 miles of 175 in northwest

interstate has responded to the burgeoning growth of the Georgia to improve the quality of travel, including the

nation's sunbelt and northern industrial regions. As such, addition of a third lane both north and southbound from

I-75 has achieved the status as one of the , - - - - - - - - - - - - - - , Bartow County to the Tennessee line.

busiest freeways in the country. The section of 175 running through Georgia

Due to this increase in traffic and the amazing pace of

Another area of intensive work during Fiscal Year 1988 was the Atlanta area as

is no exception.

Georgia's perpetual motion, the "Freeing the Freeways" work continued

Due to this increase in traffic and the amazing pace of Georgia's perpetual motion, the Georgia Department of Transportation determined during the fiscal year it was necessary to intensify efforts aimed at widening and improving

Georgia Department of Transportation determined during the fiscal year it was necessary to intensify efforts aimed at widening and improving 175 in Georgia,

on I 75/185 at its junction with the eastwest artery, 120, and at points both north and south of 120. Also, a widening project was planned on 175 between 1285 and Barrett Parkway, one of Cobb County's most heavily traveled corridors,

I 75 in Georgia, realizing that congestion

with plans for the roadway to increase

and slow-downs on 175 in the state could affect not only from eight to ten lanes.

Georgia's growth but the economic prosperity of the eastern

Other major projects let to contract on 175 during the

United States as well.

year included: additional lanes from State Route 96 in Peach

Because of Georgia's continuing growth and because of County through Crawford County to Hartley Bridge Road

the nation's dependence on 175 as a major transportation in Bibb County; construction of an interchange at I-75 and

corridor, the OOT began to consider ways to make the Mr. Zion Road in Clayton County; additional lanes in

interstate more accessible to motorists traveling in and Monroe County from 1475 near Bolingbroke to Forsyth;

through Georgia.

and rehabilitation of the roadway from U. S. 41 in Lowndes

Before arriving at the decision to widen 175 in Georgia, County to the Florida line.

however, the OOT took into consideration many of the

All of these efforts on 175 during the fiscal year were

aspects of the interstate, including the prominence the on behalf of safer driving and greater accessibility.

freeway holds in the overall transportation portfolio of the Obviously, the concern for traffic flow and safety on 175

state.

did not end as the fiscal year came to a close. Rather, Fiscal

Other aspects considered by the OOT included Georgia's '88 was a preview of the work to continue on 175 for the

growing population, a direct contributor to congestion on next few years as the Georgia OOT does its part to keep

the state's roads as a whole and on 175 in particular.

I 75 one of the nation's and world's preeminent interstate

Another consideration was that 175 is a major highways.



Major 1,75 Wid ening/Improvement Proje cts Underwa y or Let to Contract As of June 30, 1988

Project Widen ing north and sourhbound from the Tennessee line to St ate Route 156
Wid ening and improvements from Willi ams Street to Memori al Drive
Reconstruction of th e inter ch ange ar Int erstates 75 and 20
Wide nin g and improvements from Fulton St reet to C leveland Avenue
Co nstruction of inter chan ge at Interstate 75 and Mr.Zion Road
Widening from Interstate 475 to St ate Rout e 42
W idening from Interstate 475 to St ate Route 96
Wide nin g and improvements from Whiddon Road to U.S . 41
Rehabilit ation of roadway from U. S. 41 to the Florid a line

County Gord on Whitfield Ca toosa Fulton
Fulton
Fulton
C layto n
Monr oe
Bibb Peach Tift
Lownde s

Percent age Co mplete 85
75
60 90
Let to C ontract 25 15 91
Let to Contract

22 '

T he Economic Development Highwa y System

As of Ju ne 30, 1988 -

The Proposed System Truck Routes Complet ed or U n de r Contract

Program Corridors

I . Appalachian Highway 1. Corridor Z J. U.S.17 4. U.S.B1 5. Golden 151e5 6. 'svsnneb R iver 7. U.S. 44 1

B. Fall Line Freeway 9. U.s. J / 9 10. U.S. 19 11. U.S. B4
11. U.S. IISRI7 13. SR 7Z
14. Out er Perimeter

The Econ om ic D evelopment Highway System is a pr ogram wh ereby roads are plan ned an d co ns truc ted for the purpose of spur ri ng economic growth to certain areas of G eorgia th rough the esta blishment of spec ific growth co r rido r h igh ways.

Financial Information Fiscal Year 19 88

Personal Services Regular Operating Expenses T ravel Mot or Vehicle Equipment Purchases Publication s & Printi ng Equipment Real Estate Rentals Per Diem. Fees & Contracts Compu ter C harges T elecomm unication s Capital Ou tlay G.O. Bond Debt Sinking Fund
* G rants to Co unt ies * G rants to Municipalities
Mass T ransit Gra nts Cap ital Ou tlay - A irport Deve lopment Capi tal Ou tlay A irport A pproac h Aid!
Ope rational Improvement Harbor Maint en ance Payment s Spoil age A rea Acquisrion ,
Cle aring & Preparation

Year Ending Jun e 30, 1988
Exp enditu res

TOTAL
*Not Included in DOT Audit

189,43 1,327.67 54, 117.528.40
1.54 7.64 5.36 2.28 5,0 68. 6 1
65 8,894. 35 5,676,138.36 1,293.549.70 14 .2 70 .8 8 2. 0 6 1,92 1,347 .70 1,656.780.39 738.9 37.8 13.8 4 3 1 , 00 0 ,00 0 .00 9,3 17,0 13.00 9,3 17.000.00 9,532,22 7 .6 7 1,365 ,202.89
1,34 5,6 0 3.94 78 6 , 7 6 5 .31
5,400 ,025. 00
$ 1,079,860,814.25

** State Ge nera l Fund Federal-A id and Other Mot or Fuel Funds

Incom e

14.341,676.79 780, 16 5.584.89 285,353,552.5 7

TOT AL
** Includes prior year and miscellaneous funds

$ 1,079,860,814.25

Total State Fund Appropriations
A s Compared to DOT Appropriations
FiK.a1 Yta,

0%

10% 20% 30% 40 % 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100 %

[.........

_

Stare Funds

1

- Photo Credits -

Randy Hallman, DOT Office of Urban Design Georgia Department of Industry and Trade ... Bob Moore, DOT Office of Planning .
roT Office of Environment/Location .
DOT Office of Urban Design .. DOT Field Districts DOT Office of Materials and Research

Cover, Contents page, Page 12 Definition page Page 9, Page 24 Page II Page 13
.. ... Pages 14 - 17 Page 18

(fi'~
\~$/
A publication of the Public Affairs Office For Further Information Please Contact: The Georgia Department of Transportation No.2 Capitol Square Atlanta, Georgia 30334
(404) 656~5267