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Regula tion of m ot orists was once strictly a matter of self-cont rol. with spee d lim its left to the imagination ofeach dri ver. As performance of the "ho rseless carriages" increased. rules of the road became a necessity .
2

3

Organizational Chart

SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT

COMMISSIONER and
State Highway Engineer

I
DEPUTY COMMISSIONER
I
OFFICE OF TOLLWAYS
PERSONNEL OFFICE

1
ASST. STATE HWY. ENGINEER
I
OFFICE OF ENGINEERING
SERVICES
I
INFORMATION OFFICE

I
EXECUTIVE ASST. TRANSPORT A T l O N

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PLANNING & PROGRAMMING
DIVISION

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PRE-CONSTRUCTION DIVISION

CONSTRUCTION DIVISION

I
OPERATIONS DIVISION

I
ADMINISTRATION DIVISION

OFFICE OF PROGRAMMING
OFFICE OF PLANNING

OFFICE OF ROAD & AIRPORT DESIGN
OFFICE OF URBAN & MULTI-MODAL DESIGN
OFFICE OF BRIDGE & STRUCTURAL DESIGN
OFFICE OF LOCATION
OFFICE OF RIGHTS OF WAY

OFFICE OF CONSTRUCTION

OFFICE OF MATERIALS &
RESEARCH

-

OFFICE OF CONTRACT

ADMINISTRATION

SEVEN DISTRICT OFFICES

OFFICE OF MAINTENANCE

OFFICE OF UTILITIES
OFFICE OF TRAFFIC ~ ENGINEERING &
SAFETY
_ OFFICE OF PERMITS & ENFORCEMENT

"-

OFFICE OF STATE AID

OFFICE OF GENERAL ACCOUNTING
OFFICE OF AUDITS & FISCAL
PROCEDURES
OFFICE OF GENERAL
I- SUPPORT SERVICES
OFFICE OF AIR TRANSPORT A T l O N

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5

Preface

By mid-1973, the first indications of the coming energy crisis were becoming apparent to analysts within the Georgia Department of Transportation. They foresaw decreased gasoline consumption brought on by higher prices combining with record-breaking inflation to bring about an untenable position for transportation in Georgia. This forecast proved to be accurate, pinpointing a basic situation that was to plague long-range transportation planning, as well as delivery of day-to-day services, for years to come.
Then Commissioner Downing Musgrove had found the department faced with the Arab oil embargo, which severly restricted gasoline supply in the United States and brought about double and triple per-gallon prices at the pump. Even after the embargo was lifted, fuel consumption did not return to the old rate of increase, which was long used as a basis for planning future transportation expenditures. While revenues from the motor fuel tax were increasing, inflation far outstripped those increases, with the cost of highway building materials climbing more than 25 per cent in two years.
Amid rumors of impending disaster, DOT leaders stoically continued with the business at hand. The department led the state in beginning energy-saving programs, including reduction of power use within the DOT offices, the introduction of a state-wide carpooling program and, in concert with the Georgia Department of Public Safety, the implementation of
6

a 55-mph speed limit. Planning officials began the preparation of the 20-year overall transportation development plan for Georgia, which was to include broad public input, as well as the 250-page DOT Action Plan.
In early 1974, the Georgia Department of Transportation began a three-year program of improvements at dangerous railroad crossings, joining the vanguard of states in the implementation of this federal program. In April 1974, the planning for the Harry S Truman Parkway in Savannah was begun. In response to the energy crisis, a special study was begun by the Georgia Tollway Authority, which culminated in the proposing of the West Georgia Tollway, forming a precedent in transportation planning.
As motor fuel tax revenues continued to decline, the DOT found increasingly innovative ways to reduce operating costs. Photologging was added to Georgia's transportation vocabulary, describing a process by which the state highway system was systematically photographed with special NASA-developed cameras to allow engineers to "drive the roads" while sitting in their offices. Photologging is used primarily to spot traffic and safety and maintenance problems, saving costly on-site inspection by engineering teams.
At a special called session of the State Transportation Board on December 27,1974, in Atlanta, State Highway Engineer Thomas D. Moreland was named commissioner of transportation, to succeed Downing Musgrove, who had accepted a post as administrative liaison with

U. S. Rep. Bill Stuckey in Washington. Moreland, the first professional engineer to hold the post of commissioner, would also retain the title of state highway engineer. His charge was to get the most for each tax dollar from the Department of Transportation during a period of declining revenues. Upon assuming his new responsibilities in April of 1975, Moreland began a wide-ranging reorganization of the department, including the division of the DOT into five operating divisions: Planning and Programming, Ad ministration, Operations, Preconstruction, Construction, along with several staff functions.
As FY 1975 progressed, Gov. George Busbee moved to produce some workable solutions to the problems posed by fluctuations in motor fuel tax revenue collections by appointing a special study commission to help deal with the situation. The commission's report was presented during December 1975 to both the governor and the General Assembly. In the interim, ground was broken to begin construction on Interstate 185, running from laGrange to Columbus. The number of departmental personnel was reduced through attrition from an all-time high of more than 9,000 employees down to a figure of less than 7,500 by the end of 1975.
While news relating to transportation during FY 1974-75 was certainly a mixture of good and bad, several encouraging things did take place. long-impounded federal highway construction funds were released to the states in early 1975, with Georgia getting a larger-than-average share, thanks to advanced planning by DOT leaders. Also, a new commitment was made to the speedy completion of the interstate highway system in Georgia, the last segment of which is to be completed by 1980.
Meanwhile, the Georgia Department of Transportation continues to meet the mandate of the people - provide the best transportation system possible at the lowest possible cost.

.,
7

M 01 0 ring was once m ore than a m eans of tran sp ortation ; it was an ad venture, Only the m ostf oolhardy were willing 10 brave long trips in the ne ll/ angled horseless carriage.
8

State Transportation Board
The State Transportation Board is the highest authority in the DOT. The board exerts general control over department policy, while the members delegate the daily executive operation to the commissioner, whom they elect. The board approves contract lettings and hears regular reports from office heads on the internal operation of the department.
One board member represents each of Georgia's 10 congressional districts. Each member is elected by a caucus of the state senators and representatives whose districts lie partially or entirely within the congressional district. They serve five-year terms on a rotating basis, so that each year two board members come up for re-election.
A chairman and vice-chairman are elected by the board from among its own members, and the treasurer of the DOT serves as secretary to the board. The commissioner is an ex-officio member of the board.
Regular board meetings are held on the third Thursday of each month. Nine meetings each year must be held in Atlanta, while three may be held elsewhere in Georgia. Special meetings may be called by the commissioner or by a majority of the board members. Board membership is not full-time employment. Each member has his own business or professional occupation and receives $36 per diem for each board meeting plus expenses.
Commissioner
Since 1972, the head of the Georgia Department of Transportation has been known as the Commissioner, and those serving with that title have included Bert Lance, Downing Musgrove and the current commissioner, Thomas D. Moreland. With Moreland's appointment to the post in 1975, however, another change took place. Moreland, who formerly served as
10

the department's state highway engineer, retained that title, so that both positions are now held by the same officer.
Elected by the State Transportation Board, the commissioner possesses all power and authority of the board, except those specially reserved by law to the board, when that body is not in regular or called session. He has full authority to execute contracts and all other undertakings. Along with custody, control and supervision of the expenditure of all DOT funds, the commissioner has the power to employ such personnel as he deems necessary or useful to the effective operation of the department.
In short, the commissioner controls all operations of the DOT as the administrative extension of the Transportation Board. As in corporate business, the board outlines policy, makes specific directions to the commissioner and exercises the power of review over his actions.
Under present operating conditions, with the position of state highway engineer added to the commissioner's function, he is also directly responsible for the design, construction, operation and maintenance of highway facilities.
With the change in organizational duties, the deputy commissioner and the assistant state highway engineer report directly to the commissioner, as do the directors of five specific divisions: Planning and Programming, Preconstruction, Construction, Operations and Administration. Also reporting to the commissioner are members of the special staff, including the executive assistant for transportation and heads of offices of Information and Public Relations, Personnel and Systems Development. All other departmental functions, including the seven district offices, fall under the various division directors in the revised organizational lineup.

GEORGi

Department of Transpo rtation

Office of Planning

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OUTUNE MA' SHOw tNG
IlOAIlll IEMllERS
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CONGRESSIONAL DISTRI CTS

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DISTRICT 1 J. O. Bacon

DISTRICT 2 Hugh D. Broome

DISTRICT 3 Frank Morast Jr.

DISTRICT 4 Will iam M . Evans

DISTRICT 5 Peyton Hawes Jr.

DISTRICT 6 Young H. Longino

DISTRICT 7 Tom Mitchell

DISTRICT 8 James l. Conner

DISTRICT 9 Troy Simpson

DISTRICT 10 D. D. Barnard Jr.

Sta te Transportation Board members rep resent specific areas of

Georgia as defined by congressional districts.

11

Deputy Commissioner
Because of the highly tec hnical and comp lex na ture of the wor k of the Department of Transporta tion, th e dep uty commissione r's post is fille d by a pe rson with a high degree of exp ertise and know ledg e in the enginee ring field. Because of his dutie s in adm inist rative fun ctions, ho wev er, he must a lso b e skilled in mana ge me nt a s wel l.
The d e pu ty commissioner, with experience in t he everyd ay bu sine ss of b uild ing ro a ds a nd tr ansp ortation facilit ies, se rves in a n adv isory position to th e com mission er a nd acts a s his chie f assistant.
The function of t he d eputy co mmissio ner is a vital o ne , with re spon sib ilitie s which inclu d e, a mo ng others, a ssisting the co mmissioner in th e pe rfor ma nce of his admi nistr a tiv e d uties, a cting fo r the commissioner in his a b se nce , assisting in ca rrying out th e policie s of the State Tran sportatio n Boa rd an d , in co njunct io n with t he e ngi nee ring sta ff , ad vising t he com missione r and the board on highway engineering matters.
Office of Tollways
Progress on the Atlanta Urban Area Tollways System centered on the completion in January 1974 of studies on engineering , traffic and revenue , designed to re -evaluate previou s tollway studi es in light of the possible deletion or modification of 1-485. In February 1974, the Atlanta syste m wa s d ivided into se ve ra l alternatives for re -evaluation , includ ing the No rth Atlanta Tollway, the South Atlanta Tollway a nd t he Ea st Atlanta Tollway. The se pro jects coul d b e b uilt rega rdless of what wa s do ne with 1-485, but th e st ud y asked that the North Atla nta project b e re du ce d fro m six lanes to four and t hat tru ck tra ffic be bann e d .
In Janua ry 1975, th e depa rtm ent re queste d that
12

Public hearings serve asforumsfor citize ns to exp ress their views on proposed transportation projects.

1-485 be withdrawn from the Interstate System and that its funds be transferred to the former Lakewood Tollway (now 1-420), the former South Atlanta Tollway (now 1-675) and a new route, designated 1-175, which would connect Albany with 1-75 near Cordele. The Federal Highway Administration approved the change removing the Lakewood and South Atlanta projects from consideration as tol/ways.
The North Atlanta Parkway was included in the Atlanta Regional Commission's updated Regional Development Plan, adopted in September 1975. The ARC requested that the DOT determine the current status of the environmental considerations and the traffic projections for the road.
In March 1974, the Tollway Authority adopted the proposed Harry S Truman Parkway in Savannah as an official project. By September, the DOT contracted a consulting firm to update the existing location engineering and to do an environmental overview, as well as hiring another consultant to review the traffic and revenue projections.
This study was completed early in 1975. The location report, including cost estimates, concluded that the project could be built from an engineering standpoint. Traffic and revenue reports indicated the project was financially feasible and warranted more analysis to determine the exact financial effects of building the road.
These reports were sent to the State Transportation Board and the State Tollway Authority, and the DOT was directed to begin the complete environmental study, which could result in an official environmental impact statement and a recommended location and final cost estimate for the road.
Since September 1975, the staff of the Office of Tollways and the department's consultants have held a series of information meetings in Savannah to acquaint the citizens with the Truman

Parkway projects and to receive their ideas. All of this information will be considered before a location for the road is selected in mid-1976.
The environmental impact anaysis and location study report for the West Georgia Tollway were completed in November 1974, after a number of location hearings and public information meetings were held.
Because of the advent of the energy crisis in late 1973, the Office of Tollways employed a consulting firm to analyze effects on the proposal for the West Georgia Tollway. This energy study, the first of its kind in the nation, was completed in October 1974 and circulated widely in Georgia and in other states. However, on Dec. 4, 1974, Gov. Jimmy Carter announced his opposition to the West Georgia project and recommended that further action be delayed until the energy and economic situations improve.
Assistant State Highway Engineer
One of two primary assistants to the commissioner, the assistant state highway engineer oversees all planning and engineering activities within the Department of Transportation. Reporting directly to the commissioner, he administers the day-to-day technical functions within the DOT, making decisions with regard to the engineering aspects of any project.
To facilitate management operations within the department, the assistant state highway engineer meets regularly with division and office directors to help resolve problems and coordinate efforts, especially in the areas of preconstruction and construction.
On a broader basis, he works closely with officials in planning and programming to help in
13

the development of long-range transportation plans for th e e ntire state .
l ia ison between the department and construction con tr a cto rs is utlimately handled by the assistant state hig hwa y engineer, as well a s occasional matters concerni ng engineering a nd te chnica l pe rso nne l.
Engineering Services
The Office of Engineering Services, created in late 1974, insures the proper a dmi nist ra tion of the fed era l Ce rtification Acceptance (CA) plan and ope ra tes under the supervision of the a ssista nt sta te highway engineer.
This office periodically reviews each federal-a id project to insure that all federal and state policies and pr oced ure s are followed and t ha t all projects provide the ma ximu m service for each tax dollar spent.
To accomplish this, three exis tin g opera tions were transferred to the Office of Engineering Se rvices . The staffs of plans, survey an d estimate, insp e ctio n operation and the speci fica tion b ra nch were b rought from the O ff ice of Co nstru ctio n, while the estimating section was moved from t he Office of Contracts Administra tion. By t he t ra nsfer of thes e positions, it was possible to sta ff the O ff ice of Eng ine e ring Se rvices with the ad dition of onl y t hre e new positi ons. These were the office head , t he assista nt off ice hea d and a civil engi neer II, who works in plan review. Ea ch of the new positi ons wa s fille d by a t ra nsfe r within the DOT.
On Nov. 1, 1974, Georgia's DOT became the first d e p a rt me nt of transportati on in the na tion to receive feder a l approval of a CA plan . The plan allows the Georgia DOT to approve in-ho use many of the proced ure s on federal-aid projects previously requ iring Fed era l Highway Administration ap p rova l.
14

Office of Inform ation and Public Relations
In a n o rgan ization as massive, technical and high ly sp e cia lize d as the Department of Transportation there is an obvious need for a centralize d office to serve a s a focal point for providing info rma tio n ab out DOT a ctivities to Georg ia 's citizens.
The Office of Information and Pu b lic Relation s p e rforms a wide range of communication ta sks, includi ng copywriting, photogra phy, com p osition, g raphic design and speech writing.
This office prepares news releas es, p ubl ishe s two monthly newsletters, delivers le ctu res to schoo l and civic groups, answe rs writte n an d verbal inq uiries, p roduces special publications such a s the a nnu a l report and serves as the official so urce for a ll DOT info rmation.
Several times a year, the Public Inform ati on O ff ice sets up displays at transportati on -rel a te d expositions, trade shows and ot he r exhi bits.
J1'
Georgia's first M iss DOT, Judy M eSwain , a Righ t-of - Way stenographer. was named by the State Transportation Board to serve as a good will ambassadress fo r /975.

Executive Assistant for Transportation
Although the executive assistant, by statute, does not function as an attorney for the DOT - that is the duty of the attorney general's office - a legal background certainly contributes to his effectiveness as management advisor and liaison officer with the legislative and executive branches of state government.
The executive assistant maintains close ties with the attorney general's office, making recommendations for proposed legislation for the DOT and examining all transportation-oriented legislation being considered by the General Assembly.
He acts as an advisor concerning the details of regulations dealing with relocation assistance, personnel hearings and contractual obligations for the department. Moreover, the executive assistant serves as an investigating officer, as required by the DOT.
Office of Personnel
During 1949, many of the department's employees were placed under the auspices of the newly created State Merit System, which established uniform personnel policies regarding employment, pay, promotions, dismissal and benefits. This necessitated the establishment of the first centralized personnel office within the department.
Today, 26 years later, the Office of Personnel has expanded from a small record-keeping function to include a host of specialized personnel functions requiring the skills of professional employees. These include personnel training, equal employment opportunity assurance, position classification review and salary studies, personnel management and organizational studies, departmental civil defense

liaison and employee safety. Two non-personnel related functions, the General Office mail room and the Services Unit, also fall under the direction of the personnel administrator.
Personnel training had its beginnings back in 1946 when federal funds were provided for training World War" veterans for careers in highway work. Since then, the DOT has formalized a two-year in-house training program for newly graduated civil engineers in which they spend time working in each office of the department.
The Cooperative Education Program is available to selected students who are pursuing their education in transportation-related studies. They alternate periods of campus study with periods of work in the department. A variety of general courses are offered to non-engineering personnel through programs sponsored by the State Merit System.
In addition to its training activities, this unit also coordinates the department's participation in the State Employees' Suggestion Program.
In 1969, the position of equal employment opportunities officer was created. This new staff member was given the responsibility of promoting equal employment opportunities for all applicants. In addition, this unit has the task of monitoring the compliance of private contractors with contractually required equal employment practices, the recruitment of qualified minority applicants for departmental jobs and the investigation of employee complaints of alleged discrimination.
The position classification and salary studies function now has three professional employees with experience in this area, which means not only that close review can be given routine classification matters, but that the DOT now has the expertise to study and formulate new proposed titles.
IS

PRE PARE D QUAR TER LY 8 Y
DEPARTMENT OF T RA SPORTAT IO
GEO'R" G I

LEGEND- ",U IISTAU STATUS

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."AILAB L[ C.ONNECTING ROUTES
qES T ARE_ S. W, ' M S AflIlTA"" r ACI\,. I TlE S

Quarterly updates on the status of Georgia 's sys tem ofinterstate high ways are p rovi ded 10 th e pu blic.
lb

In 1971, the Division of Manpower and Training was merged into the Personnel Office. With the merger, the Personnel Office acquired personnel with expertise in specialized personnel management and organization studies. Many new and more workable organizational structures have resulted along with new and more appropriate job titles, new career steps and often more equitable pay grades.
Employee safety is under the direct supervision of the personnel administrator. This new unit has already made significant headway toward its goals of reducing employee accidents and property damage.
Civil Defense liaision is housed in the Personnel Office and is currently being performed by personnel of the EEO unit.
As early as the spring of 1973, DOT officials foresaw the gradual slowing of construction activity which would come as the Interstate System began to reach completion. With the employment level near 9,000, there began an unannounced but definite reduction of employees through attrition. In the fall of 1973, at the beginning of the energy crisis, future decreases in revenue from gas taxes became a definite factor in personnel planning.
Top department officials initiated an official freeze on new employment beginning in December. As in the unannounced freeze of early 1973, the official freeze called for decrease through attrition with layoff of employees being a last-step measure. In the two years since December 1973, the level of employment has decreased by more than 1,500 with the number of employees on Dec. 1, 1975, standing about 7,350.
The experience with these two years has shown that the remaining employees have been willing to pick up the slack as others have left, without any noticeable effects on the level or quality of work reduction.

Office of Systems Development
The reorganization of state government in 1972 brought about the centralization of all data processsing personnel and equipment into a new single agency, the Department of Administrative Services (DOAS), creating a need within the DOT for a unit concerned with DOT internal administration of data processing matters and to act as a link with the DOAS. To meet these needs, the Office of Systems Development was formed. Its administrator acts directly under and for the commissioner of transportation, and he is responsible (within the DOT) for planning and controlling the DOT's data processing matters.
The Office of Systems Development has three branches:
-Systems Planning and Research, which conducts research and originates plans for the development of all automated data processing systems within the DOT;
-Systems Design and Operations, which has overall responsibility for the design and implementation of new or improved systems; and
-Control and Evaluation, which is concerned with user training programs, publication of user documentation and evaluation of the performance of systems.
All three branches function within the areas of Planning Information, Engineering and Administration Management Systems.
The major data processing accomplishments during FY 1974-75 were the development of the DOT Five-year Data Processing Plan, which will be published in early 1976, and the development of the Georgia Right-of-Way Management System (GROWMS). Limited use of on-line CRT (cathode ray tube) computer terminals has begun in the DOT in connection with GROWMS and for some planning and other preconstruction activities.
17

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18

Division of Planning and Programming
The Division of Planning and Programming is the creative center of the Department of Transportation. All proposals are processed or initiated by this division, and transportation needs that are identified and later become projects, after careful consideration by planners, are programmed for construction in the department's overall plans for state transportation as funding becomes available.
Members of the division, whether they are concerned with socio-economic-environmental planning, airport development, policy planning, public transportation development, engineering or computers, focus their attention on the future and on the needs and trends of total transportation.
The division is separated into two offices and three bureaus. The Office of Planning formulates transportation systems and improvement projects from their inception through general location approval. The Office of Programming schedues and monitors the development of transportation projects in order to match available funds with planned projects, and the Bureau of Aeronautics works with local governments in the creation and improvement of airports throughout the state.
The Bureau of Policy Planning performs technical and advisory activities for the Department Policy Committee, and the Bureau of Mass Transportation works with local communities in the development and administration of the state's public transportation program.
Office of Programming
The goal of the Office of Programming is to design a
20

balanced construction work program for transportation projects to enable the DOT to fully use its resources.
The office is divided into three bureaus - Program Development, Project Scheduling and Program Management - plus the staff Information Control Unit.
The Bureau of Program Development updates the construction work program, subject to the approval of the State Transportation Board. This requires coordination with all other offices in the DOT to insure a proper balance between revenue projections, project costs and schedules.
The Bureau of Project Scheduling coordinates the development of preconstruction schedules for all projects in the construction work program. The schedules are developed in each of the DOT's seven districts, and the bureau ties together the entire scheduling operation. Project scheduling monitors the activities and cooperates with engineering units to revise timetables to reflect plan changes.
The Bureau of Program Management serves as financial advisor to the office, maintaining the current balance of federal-aid funds available for programming. liaison with the Federal Highway Administration is maintained in this bureau by relaying of all programming documents and requests for fund authorizations. The bureau, in coordination with Contracts Administration and the Division of Preconstruction, develops the monthly project letting list and, along with the Bureau of Program Development, prepares the quarterly letting list. The bureau also reviews all financial items in the federal-aid program manual to keep abreast of upcoming changes.
The Information Control Unit supplies data for the Program Management File (PMF), which is used to communicate the construction work program throughout the DOT. Maximum use is made of all data in the continuous revision of the PMF. The unit coordinating the development of a system to arrange projects in

the construction work program by priorities to insure tha t our revenues and manpawer are being used where they a re most neede d.
In August 1974, the Sta te Transportation Boa rd a pp rove d t he DOT's first five -ye a r construction wo rk p rog ra m (FY 1974-1978), a nd in the sprin g of 1975 the off ice bega n to up d a te this p rog ra m and to ad d FY 19791 980. This process will be repeated annually to maintai n a tr ue five-ye ar progra m. In e arly 1975, the Presi d en t rel e ased previously impound ed federal highway funds, and the DOT res pon ded by gaining a ut ho rization of $230 million in fe d e ra l-a id fu nd s, as o p pose d to $99 million granted to Georgia at the beginn ing of FY 19 75. This reflects a great change within the DOT in view of a loss of $1 4.5 millio n in federal -aid funds in FY 1969.

Phot ologging equipme nt is used to phot ograph all parts of th e state highway sys tem, sim ulating site inspec tio ns.

Phot ologgin g fi lms are p rojected th rough a NA S A -de veloped m otion analy zer to give th e operato r th e sensatio n of driving along a roadway,
Offi ce of Planning
The office has three broad duties : maintainin g accurate and up -to-date record s on the curre nt reso urces of Georgia 's transporta tion syste m, conducting publ ic hearings, environm ental impa ct analyses a nd socio-economic stu di e s, and developing p lans to meet the state's transp ortation needs, as well as establishing prior ities for the DOT. The office is subdivi-ded into three bureaus.
21

Bureau of Data and Inventories
The Bureau of Data and Inventories keeps planners abreast of conditions throughout Georgia's transportation system. The bureau annually updates data on the lengths and physical characteristics of roads in the state, keeps tabs on the bond indebtedness of roads and streets in all counties and cities of the state, maintains complete records on every bridge and road ever constructed by the DOT and conducts traffic surveys and draws and/ or revises maps on each of the 159 counties and 525 of the towns in Georgia.
Comprehensive planning would be impossible without the statistics gathered by the Bureau of Data and Inventories. Trends in automobile registration, motor fuel use and road use and conditions in the state are essential for long-range plans. Revisions, when appropriate, are made to the federal-aid highway systems, the state highway system and United States numbered highways, and comprehensive, up-to-date records and maps of these systems are maintained. Before any road can be improved or a new road built, the department needs detailed information on traffic flow, patterns of movement and congestion/accident rates.
To satisfy this need, the Office of Planning continues to improve its extensive traffic survey programs. Traffic counts are being made 24 hours a day at 57 strategically located continuous count stations throughout the state. Forty-eight of these stations are operated by DOT's automatic traffic telemetry retrieval system, with counts sent directly to a central computer for processing, thus saving time and manpower.
Additionally, monthly counts are made for seven-day durations at 131 locations, and annual counts of 24-hour duration are made at 22,000 locations encompassing every county and urban area in the state.
22

Manual vehicle classification observations are made quarterly at all continuous count stations. Approximately 2,000 special machine and manual counts are made annually for various needs.
The bureau's mapping branch performs the vital service of compiling survey information into maps of every county, most cities and the entire state each year. The branch's cartographers and draftsmen continually update the maps, using information from new surveys and aerial photographs. Conditions maps, the Official Highway Map (updated annually and distributed free) and interstate status maps also come from this branch. Its local maps are highly detailed; a nominal fee is charged to the public for each copy.
Bureau of Plan Development
The Bureau of Plan Development consists of four branches, two of them primarily concerned with the larger cities, one with statewide planning and the remaining branch with detailed planning for projects which are in the department's Construction Work Program.
The bureau develops and monitors multi-modal transportation plans and transportation improvement programs, which are formulated with due consideration to their social, economic, environmental and energy conservation effects and the safety and mobility needs of the public. This is achieved through the goals developed using federal, state and local interests.
Statewide systems planning, as a continuous process, provides the framework within which the modal and subarea plans are developed. The documentation of the process is the Statewide Transportation Plan. The first such plan was completed in July 1974. This plan is being updated to include a state-level transportation system including highways, rail, air and water.

Urban transportation planning determines the needs and priorities for transportation improvements through a cooperative, comprehensive and continuing planning process, which is in effect in each of Georgia's seven cities over 50,000 population. Similar procedures are in effect in six cities under 50,000 population.
In addition, detailed information necessary for design and implementation is produced by these studies. A major accomplishment has been the adoption of the Atlanta Regional Development Plan, of which the transportation system plan is a part. Another recent accomplishment was the adoption of the Athens-Clarke County Transportation Plan.
Individual project planning uses cost estimates, existing traffic data, future traffic projections and economic studies to determine feasibility and to produce design data for specific projects identified by the planning processes.
Bureau of Mass Transportation
The Bureau of Mass Transportation carries out the DOT's Public Mass Transportation Program in urban and rural areas. This program includes short and long-range urban transit planning, marketing, development of a transit data base, transit surveys, fiscal assistance to local areas for technical capital and demonstration programs, statewide transit planning efforts, elderly and handicapped transportation ,programs and rural transportation programs. These represent a key element of the mandated urban transportation plans and are the basis for the state's public mass transportation efforts.
The bureau has developed a federally approved short-range transit urban study design and provides this to local areas for their study efforts. The bureau

works closely with each city, measuring its efforts and lending technical assistance as necessary. At the request of a city, the bureau will assist in updating the local transit development program to meet federal and state requirements. An approved short-range (five-year) transit plan is a prerequisite for financial aid.
The bureau has developed a federally approved long-range transit study design and has provided this to cities as a guide for their study efforts. The long-Range Transit Study is a cooperative effort between the Bureau of Mass Transportation and the local areas. The long-Range Transit Plan is a requirement for certification of the urban transportation plans and represents a major effort by the bureau to develop reliable methods for forecasting transit needs in small cities.
The marketing program demonstrates the potential of using marketing as an effective management tool to increase public transit efficiency and patronage. The bureau has supported efforts to develop marketing programs in various cities in Georgia. Technical and fiscal state assistance was provided in the enactment of transit marketing programs in Augusta, Columbus and Rome during FY 1975.
The bureau has begun a program jointly funded by the department and the Urban Mass Transportation Administration to develop a marketing program for small cities. In this program, the systems in Georgia will be used to create and test transit marketing techniques to be used nationwide.
The bureau maintains and annually updates a data base about transit service, operations and ridership. It is kept on computers and is used to support transit planning efforts carried on by the state and local areas.
Annual on-board surveys are conducted in each of the state's operating transit systems. The information gathered is used to develop data on current ridership,
23

A tlanta's urban 'mils pr oj ect involve d innovative ways to spice up the inner city area. FHWA officials com me nded the p rojec t designers f or multiple use of th e city's right of way.
socio -econo mic facto rs and origin and destination pattern s and to gauge se rvice effectiveness. Survey information is of primary impor ta nce to transit planning .
DOT fisca l a ssista nce for transit te chnica l, capital a nd demonstration programs is made to public bodies for mass tran sporta tio n purposes. The bureau develops contracts, work scope a nd other necessary memoran da required to obliga te funds . The bureau monitors co ntracts, approves the final p rodu ct a nd recom men ds payments of co ntract oblig a tion.
24

The bureau conducts a program of statewid e tr ansit planning which provides technical a ssistance to loca l areas in planning and operations p ha se s, d evelo p s guidelines fo r t ra nsit service imp rove ments, en co urages the ass ociation of tr a nsit ma nagers in Geo rg ia and formula tes g oals for th e state tr an sit p rog ra m. This program is join tly fu nde d by the departme nt a nd the Urban Mass Trans p or ta tion Admin istration.
The b urea u cond ucts te chn ica l fea sib ility studies a nd a ssu re s state and local coordination in th e development of tr ans porta tion prog rams fo r the elderly and handica p p e d. The prog ram is uniq ue in its co ordi nati on of DOT and Depa rtment of Human Resources fun ds fo r the p urcha se of veh icles an d the pr ovision of fina ncia l a id to o p erate the syste ms.
The bureau conducts te chnica l fe asi bility stu dies of potential ru ral transit prog rams and re views rural transit applications to mak e re comme ndati ons to the appropriate federal agencies. The bure au a lso ove rse e s operations and e va lua te s se rvice e ff e ctive ness of rural transit systems.
Bureau of Policy Pla nning
The Bure a u o f Po licy Pla nning in t he Division of Plan ning an d Prog ra mming wa s establ ished in August 1975 and provid e s tec hnica l and professiona l advice for the Policy Com mitte e of th e Department of Transporta tion .
Initially for med to p rovid e res e arch for the pol icies affectin g th e departme nt, thi s bureau has expanded its activities to inclu d e local, sta te and nationa l policy consi derati ons a s th ey e ffect the departme nt's goa ls.
Beca use of the multipl e d isciplines of the bureau staff, they a re ca pabl e of addressing the issue s arisi ng in an o rganization with re spo nsibilities for multi-modal tran sporta tion. Since its inception, the

bureau, directed by the Policy Committee, has researched the department's policy on tollway legislation. This study produced a policy report with recommendations for changes to existing legislation to increase the department's flexibility in this area.
The bureau has done extensive research on right-of-way acquisition policy. Currently, the policy report is undergoing staff and legal analysis to enable the department to provide for joint use of highway right of way with other forms of transport.
The bureau has made studies for the Policy Committee on the feasibility of using metropolitanwide and statewide airport authorities to address the problems of cities in providing safe and efficient air transport. The bureau has provided the department with a vast amount of data to use in making the necessary recommendations.
In addition to special projects, the bureau has maintained contact with and assisted the state's congressional delegation and developed materials for the governor's office and the National Governor's Conference Committee on Transportation, Commerce, Communications and Technology. Materials have been prepored for the Appalachian Regional Commission in support of the state's effort to obtain a second development highway.
Bureau of Aeronautics
The Bureau of Aeronautics was formed in June 1974 from two previously independent aviation activities within the Division of Planning and Programming.
This combination of the activities of airport planning and airport development has given the DOT a stronger unit to deal with airport and aviation matters. The bureau's activities include statewide airport system planning, individual airport master

planning, airport project programming and funding, the publication and distribution of state aeronautical charts and airport directories, and the sponsorship of safety seminars for the flying public.
During FY 1974-75, the Bureau of Aeronautics brought Georgia's first State Airport System Plan near completion. All that remained at the end of 1975 was final printing of the plan and its adoption by the State Transportation Board. The State Airport System Plan is a planning guide for future development in Georgia; in it, a system of 107 public airports in 1973 is projected to increase to 136 public airports in 1993 to meet the anticipated growth in Georgia's aviation.
Planning of individual airports progressed markedly during the two-year period. Airport master plans were begun at 10 locations in FY 1974, and state funds were provided for studies at 15 additional airports in FY 1975 through the Bureau of Aeronautics.
Airport master plans are completed or have begun at 44 of the public airports in the state. These plans will provide detailed information and guidance to local airport owners as to the needed development at their airports.
The Bureau of Aeronautics' planning branch completed a study to identify Georgia communities that have sufficient markets to support scheduled commuter air carrier services. The study points to possible opportunities for rebuilding air service to small communities in Georgia after a period in which services were reduced. The problem of air service to small communities in the face of continued withdrawal of this service has been identified by the DOT, but no solution has been found to reverse this trend.
State funding of airport construction is also a function of the Bureau of Aeronautics. More than $1.25 million in state funds were provided for airport development during the two-year period. The DOT undertook its first department-designed airport project at Milledgeville
25

RELEASE OF FEDERALLY IMPOUNDED FUNDS
$350 __- - - - - - , - - - - - - - - r - - - - - - " " " ' T " ' " " ' - - - - -............---------.

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26

Airport. The project involved a 500-foot extension of the airport's runway.
Eight airports during FY 1974 and 23 airports during FY 1975 received state airport development funds. The projects included a variety of improvements such as runway, taxiway and apron expansions, medium-intensity runway lighting, taxiway lighting, nondirectional radio beacons, visual approach slope indicators, fencing and fire crash rescue buildings.
Aviation safety and accident prevention were emphasized through the bureau's sponsorship of flight instructor revalidation courses and aviation weather seminars around the state. The bureau co-sponsored, with the FAA's General Aviation District Office, a takeoff and landing seminar in Cordele, designed to improve the skill and knowledge of the general aviation pilot. The bureau considers accident prevention everyone's business and has been able to maintain a modest program in aviation safety.
The Bureau of Aeronautics was organized to carry out the department's statutory responsibilities to aviation and aviation facilities in the state. Airport planning and development have become a part of the total transportation responsibilities of the Georgia DOT.
Bureau of Environmental Analysis
The preparation of studies to insure thor the environment is protected is the job of the Bureau of Environmental Analysis.
The National Environmental Policies Act and the Georgia Action Plan require that environmental impact statements be prepared for all major federal-aid transportation projects. These reports must be distributed to many governmental agencies for review, and location public hearings are held to insure that every citizen has an opportunity to voice his

opinion concerning the proposed expenditure of his tax dollars.
The processes of meetng these requirements are long and tedious. The studies are approached by an interdisciplinary team representing the preconstruction and planning offices of the department. This team, backed by the technical capabilities of the Environmental Analysis Bureau, plans alternate location corridors for a proposed road and selects those to be included in the environmental impact statement. The report is then prepared, identifying the impacts upon the environment and analyzing the effect of not building the road at all. This information is presented in an unbiased manner and is a part of the department's decision process.
Another function of the bureau is the preparation of resource base analysis studies of the major cities in Georgia. This broad-scale inventory of available environmental data is used to identify the potential impacts of various transportation system on urban communities and to allow assessment of system alternatives.
27

Geo rgia's road building pioneers were often rugged outdoorsmen with a love of hard work . Plant mix operations were steampowered "p ortable" units which were brought onto constructio n locati on s.
28

29

Division of Preconstruction
The Division of Preconstruction is responsible for the design, location and right-of-way acquisition phases of any state transportation project. All activities necessary to bring the project to the letting stage are centered in this division, which takes up where long-range planning leaves off and moves the project to the start of construction.
The five offices making up the Division of Preconstruction are the Office of Road and Airport Design, the Office of Urban and Multi-Modal Design, the Office of Bridge and Structural Design, the Office of location and the Office of Right of Way.
Office of Road and Airport Design
The Office of Road and Airport Design is responsible for all plans, from the original survey notes to the final plan stage, for all federal-aid primary and interstate and most four-lane state-aid highway projects located outside the limits of the larger cities. Plans are also made for projects using federal-aid urban funds in smaller cities.
All phases of the engineering design of each project are handled or correlated by the Office of Road and Airport Design.
With the help of the computer and the latest photogrammetric mapping methods, production capacity has been greatly increased. Production of plans reached an all-time high when the federal government released approximately $2 billion in withheld highway funds late in FY 1975. Through the use of advanced technology, this office, in concert with the district offices, was able to prepare plans in sufficient detail and scope to use these released funds.
At present, airport construction cannot be funded from motor fuel tax revenues. However, this
30

office does have the expertise necessary to prepare and review airport construction plans. Once funding is available, airport design will playa more active role in the functions of this office.
Rearrangement and reconstruction of public and privately owned utility facilities to eliminate conflicts with highway construction calls for engineering work and adds to construction costs. In an effort to minimize this cost, the Office of Road and Airport Design stays in touch with all the utility owners in Georgia. In this regard, this office works closely with the Office of Utilities.
Fifty-three safety rest areas and 11 truck weighing stations are being added to the Georgia Interstate System. In conjunction, the Office of Road and Airport Design is developing plans for all these facilities.
Roadway lighting is being added on projects for the increased safety and comfort of drivers, the safety of pedestrians and the improvement of the flow of traffic.
The Office of Road and Airport Design also concerns itself with several miscellaneous tasks, such as noise and air quality considerations, pavement design, traffic capacity studies and placement of traffic signals, water distribution systems and design-related computer systems. Coordination with the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers is maintained for dredging and other permits relating to navigable waters.
Office of Urban and Multi-Modal Design
In 1975, the Office of Urban Design was redesignated the Office of Urban and Multi-Modal Design to reflect an increased DOT role in planning, designing and constructing modes of transportation other than highways.
The name change paved the way to broaden the emphasis from preparation of construction plans for

highways in larger urban areas to include des ig ning and p la nning mass transportation pro je cts such a s rapid rail systems, b uswa ys or combined multi-mod a l syste ms.
This office is now responsible for e ng ine e ring liaison with the Metropolitan Atlanta Rap id Tra nsit Authority (MARTA) and for reviewing MARTA pla ns that con flict with or connect to roads under the jurisdictio n of t he Georgia DOT. The office also prepares cont racts an d right-of-way a g re e me nts between the DOT a nd MARTA and reviews MARTA's plans to assu re that a ny crossin g or encroachm ents on any DOT road p rovid es for the safety of the traveling public and t hat construction will be to DOT specifications.
Urban and Multi-Modal Design wo rks close ly with each continuing tran sportation stu dy in t he ur ban areas of Georg ia with populations gre a te r tha n 50,000. These study areas include Atlanta , Alb a ny, Augu sta , Columbus, Macon and Savanna h. A representa tive of the office meets regularly with the te chnica l a d visory groups in these areas, primarily to ad vise them on engineering , cost control and oth e r te chnica l ma tte rs t ha t would aid in determin ing t he feas ibility of including projects on the Area Transportation Impro vements Program.
Toll road studies include continuing wo rk on t he North Atlanta Parkway in Atlanta and th e Ha rry S Tru ma n Parkway in Savannah .
The Office of Urban and Mult i-Moda l Design occasionally furnishes special technica l a ssista nce to other state agencies. The World Cong res s Ce nte r and Capitol Hill 2000 Plan are rece nt e xam p les of such interagency cooperation .
Office of Bridge and Structura l Design
The Office of Brid g e and Structural Desig n co nce ive s and prepares plans for the various structures re q uired fo r a

transportation syste m. These str uctu re s includ e b ridges, light a nd sign standards, mino r structu res such as reinforce d concrete box cu lve rts and majo r re info rced concrete retaining wa lls to contain earth fill o r cut sections.
Other important functio ns of t his office a re the general supervision of b ridg e co nstruction t hrou g ho ut the sta te by direct liaison among the brid g e engineer, construction eng ineer and t he d istrict enginee rs and con tractors; th e training of new en gin e ers en rolled in the Highway Eng ineering Tra ining Progra m as they rotate through the bridge office ; t he preparation of special provision s and specifica tio ns a p plica b le to bridge construction, and coope ratio n with the oth e r offices in the DOT for pla nning , d esign and b uild ing of structures.
When employing con sulta nts for bridge d e sig n, the Office of Bridge and Struct ur a l Design is gene rall y re sp o nsib le for receiv ing and approving the p ro p osa l, drafting the contract and processing it t hro ug h the Georgia DOT and the Fed era l Highwa y Administration.
The Eugene Talmadge Bridge spa ns the Sa vannah River in Georgia's maj or seaport city.
31

Office of Location
The Office of location has responsibility for location studies and preconstruction survey data. This data includes location survey, right of way, drainage and topographic surveys. Engineering studies and photogrammetric products furnished by this office are used throughout the department in all phases of highway engineering.
The prime responsibility of the Office of location is in preconstruction, including the designing of centerline locations of all principal highways. location engineers use photogrammetry, photography and computers to reduce the cost and time of location studies.
Support operations for location studies are performed or coordinated by this office. In-house support includes surveying, photography and photogrammetry. Operations that are coordinated with the district office are surveys for centerline, right of way and drainage.
Production and engineering operations of the Office of location were moved from the Atlanta Airport area to the Charlie Brown Fulton County Airport in late 1972. The new Aerial laboratory facilities were designed to increase capacity for photogrammetry and photography and to allow for detailed location studies now required for highways. The new laboratory has three times the plant capacity of the older facility.
The Office of location furnishes the DOT with modern, detailed topographic maps, aerial photographs (including black and white, color and color infrared), cross-section design information and final pay earthwork data. The computation of final earthwork pay quantities through photogrammetry has freed DOT survey and inspection teams from many routine operations.
Production responsibility for final pay earthwork quantities includes targeting and field control of
32

stereoscopic models and photogrammetric production of original and final ground cross sections.
Office of Right of Way
The main function of the Office of Right of Way is to acquire land needed to construct and maintain all highways under DOT jurisdiction. The office also keeps complete records on all deeds, easements, condemnations, contracts, title information and fiscal transactions related to right-of-way acquisition.
Other major responsibilities include the disposal of surplus property improvements and land remnants that have come along with land acquisition, the administration of the assistance program for persons relocated by DOT land acquisition, and the purchase and removal of advertising signs that do not conform to Georgia law. The signs affected are within 660 feet of the edge of the right of way of primary and interstate highways. In addition, this office assists other offices of the DOT in clearing the right of way of any encroachments and in preventing their recurrence.
Acquired property, especially in cities, usually contains improvements such as houses or commercial buildings. If the owners do not want to retain and relocate these buildings, the Office of Right of Way supervises the sale of the buildings to a successful bidder for removal or demolition.
The most significant change in the acquisition process during FY 1974-75 is that staff appraisers now handle about 90 per cent of appraisal preparation, a process formerly handled only by fee appraisers.
Secondary projects, financed with federal-aid secondary system funds, can be on either the numbered state system of state-maintained roads or on roads maintained by the counties. The DOT acquires right of way for roads on the numbered state system,

wh ile the coun ties a re respon sibl e fo r a cq uiring off-system right of wa y. During FY 1974-75 , the DOT and t he coun tie s acqu ired 86 1 parcel s of land on 63 pro jects for a total of 183 miles on se con d ary highw a ys.
In t he 1965 App a la chia n Re g io na l Development Act, Co ng re ss a utho rize d the co nst ructio n of new highway s and imp rove me nts o n so me e xistin g roads as part of t he Appa la chia n Dev e lo p me nt Hig hwa y System. G eo rg ia ha s 86.4 mile s o f new o r imp roved road s as p a rt of t he Appa la ch ia n co rrido r. The corrid or is p rimar ily a four-la ne hig hwa y with full or p a rtiall y

controlled acce ss, a nd it ex tend s from 1-285 north of Atlanta to the North Caro lina line nor th of Young Harr is in Town s County . During FY 19 7 4 a nd 19 75 , the DOT sp e nt S 1.75 millio n for righ t of way for the new Appalachian highway from Ga . 20 so uth of Cu mming to Ga . 306 north of Cu mmng . The ro a d is com plete as far as Ga . 20 , and all righ t of way has been o btaine d a s far as Ga. 306.
The Right-of-Way Office a lso proces sed many state- aid pro je cts in FY 1974-1975. The se co nsiste d of PPl (p a ssing lan e ), MlP (multi-la ne widen ing ), SAP (sta te -a id ) a nd PR (p ost road off-system ) projects .

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33

Fe w people can remem ber when steam shovels were actually p owered by steam . Con str uction equip me nt and technqiues ha ve changed greatly in recent years as engineering sk ills ha ve reached new plateau s.
34

3S

Division of Co nstruct io n
The Divisio n of Const ructi on is respon sib le for t he co nstruct io n of t ransport a tio n pro je cts.
The di vision inclu des t he Office of Const ru ctio n, th e O ff ice of Mate rials and Re sea rch , the Off ice of Co nt ract Admi nist ra t io n an d admi nistrative respo nsib ility for th e se ve n d istrict office s.
Office of Co nstr uct io n
The Office of Constr uction is re sp on sib le for e va luating constructio n op e ra tio n nee d s and determ in ing t ha t co nst ruct io n is d o ne in a cco rd a nce with plans and sp e cifica tions. The respons ib ility o f t he office is the overa ll su pe rvisio n of a ll construction financ e d th ro ug h the Depa rtment of Tra ns p o rta t io n.
The O ff ice of Co nst ruct ion ass ists in th e p re p a ra tio n of p lans a long with se ve ra l other o ffices , off e ring ex pertise from the stan d p o int of constr uct io n experie nce .
When p lan prepa ra tio n ha s reached a point where fu rt he r d e sign is imp ra ctica l without risking d u p licatio n of effort, a field insp e ctio n is ma d e , a nd the Co nst ruct io n Office is re present e d to aga in offer expertise .
W hen a co ntr a ct has been let and constructio n a utho rized , t his o ff ice ma ke s period ic ins p e ctions o f th e cont ractor's work. The se ins p e ctio ns conti nu e t hr o ughou t the period of co nst ruction until t he job is completed and accepted b y t he depa rt me nt. O ne im p o rt ant o bjective of t hese ins p ections is to insure uniform interp reta tion and a p p licatio n o f the sp e cifica t io ns and to produce u niformity in constructio n proced ures th roughout th e st a te .
This office is consult ed in the rev ising and up dating of Sta nd a rd Sp e cifica tions. This office is a lso re sp onsible for reviewing a nd pro vidi ng tech nical data for t he department's Constructio n Manu al , wh ich is used in conjunction wit h the sp e cifica tio ns.
36

Concrete harriers separate high -speed traffic traveling in different directio ns in a effort to lo wer accident andfatality rates. Whil e relatively nell' 10 the S Oli/h. these devices ha ve p rove n them selves .useful in othe r states.

The office mainta ins a record of each co nstructio n proj ect with specific details such as date autho rized , date o f co nst r uctio n beg inning , month ly progress and da t e o f co mpl eti o n. A separate report is prepared ea ch month fo r members of the State Transportation Board. This re p o rt inf o rms each member of the boa rd a nd ot he r in t erest ed parties of the status of eac h active pro je ct .
The office maintains lia ison for construction matters betw een the Federal Highway Administration and

departments in the General Office as well as between the General Office and all district offices. All changes in contracts , plans and specifications on construction projects a re cleared through the Construction Office.
These changes generally are in the fo rm of supplemental a g r ee m e nts, change orders, extension agreements a nd Department of Transportation requests for allotmen t .

District sign shop emp loyee s put final to uches on alum inum highway signs.
37

DOT lab technicians run careful tests to insure the quality ofall mat erials ami cons truction.
O ff ice of Materials and Resea rch
The O ffi ce of Materia ls and Research is respo nsible f or admin istra ti o n, poli cy formu la ti o n and p ro vision of t echnica l advice co ncern ing qu ality con trol of co nst ruct io n ma t e ri a ls, geotechnical engineerin g services, tran sp o rt a ti o n- r ela t e d rese arch and autom oti v e maintenance .
The se duties are a d ministere d th rough four sub o ffices: t he Ma terial s an d Tests Bu r ea u, th e Geote chnica l Engineering Bu r e a u, the Resea rch and Development Bu reau and the Central Mana gement Branch.
The Ma teria ls and Test s Bureau de v elop s p ro ced u res t o eva lua t e co nst r uct io n ma terials . It rev ie w s ma t e ria ls specifica tions a nd makes any necessary revisi ons. Testing Managem e nt p e rf o r ms on -project testing through a centraliz ed pro g ram a nd six branch laboratories. The bureau also controls t he qua lity of materials not tested o n project s, incl udi ng bituminous materials, cemen ts, a g g r eg ate s, r einforcement st ee l,
38

p ipe and ot her it e m s. Technical assistance is provided to p ro je ct person nel on asphaltic concrete and p ortland cement construction. Shop inspections are conducte d on structural steel while on-project testing is made on f ie ld sp lices.
The Geot ech ni ca l Engineering Bureau conducts soil and bridg e fo undation surveys, then submits recommend a ti o ns to DOT design offices. Engineering properties of soil s are determ ined from undisturbed or rem ol d ed sp e cime ns in a fully equipped soil mechanics lab. Professional engineering reports are prepared fr om fi el d and lab work. Special studies such as slope stabili ty an al y ses, resolution of roadway st a b ility proble ms a nd effect of geological features on roadway loc a ti o n are conducted for the department.
The Research and Development Bureau is responsible for developing knowledge about the nature of the variou s operati o ns of the Georgia DOT. Methods or equ ipment lea di ng to simpler, faster, safer or cheaper operations or production stem from much of the work carried on by this bureau. R&D responsibilities include conductin g in- ho use research; monitoring research projects co nt ra ct e d to private consulting f irms, other governmental agencies and colleges or universities; te sting an d ev al ua ti ng new products which may be of va lue to t he DOT; coordinating and implementing res e a rch find ings, including a technology transfer program, and maintaining two libraries of tra nsp o rta t io n- r e la t e d publications.
Administra tion procedures for the Office of M a t e ria ls and Rese arch, includ ing personnel, a cco u nt ing , w a re ho use operation and procurement, are carried on by t he Central Management Branch. Materials audits are condu ct e d on all construction projects before f inal approval of materia ls certificates. A central testing laboratory capa b le of evaluating virtually all m a teri a ls used in hi g hw ay construction, as well as an automotive repai r sho p and bulk fuel station, is lo ca t e d in the main testin g complex at Forest Park.

Office of Contract Administration
The Office of Contract Administration is responsible for placing under contract all DOT construction projects and for authorizing payments to contractors for ongoing construction.
DOT construction contracts are let either by competitive bidding to commercial contractors or by negotiation with city and county governments.
The process of placing a project under contract begins with the receipt of plans (or on estimate of quantities for a project without plans). Contract Administration reviews the plans (or estimate) in conjunction with the specifications and other contract provisions to determine whether these various components are in agreement with each other and whether they represent a unified package suitable for a contract.
In the case of projects to be let to contract by competitive bidding, Contract Administration receives the estimated unit prices from the Estimating Committee, and these, along with the items, quantities and other cost elements such as estimates for utility relocation and estimates for construction engineering, are placed in a computer file. This file is used to tabulate detailed cost estimates, schedules of items for bid proposals and notices to contractors. Detailed cost estimates for negotiated contracts with local governments ae based on overage unit bid prices received in recent lettings. Bid proposals for projects to be let to contract are assembled at this time.
Four weeks prior to each letting dote, and after authorization to advertise is obtained from the State Transportation Boord and the commissioner, contracts on which bids are to be opened are advertised in local newspapers and sometimes in regional and notional trade publications of the construction industry. At this time the notice to contractors is sent to all prequalified contractors and to other subscribers.

Contract Administration receives orders from contractors for plans and proposals on advertised contracts and ships them to the contractors. Bidders' lists showing the names of proposal buyers are released on selected contracts. Contract Administration also issues amendments to the plans, specifications or bid proposals on advertised contracts.
On the day specified in the advertisement, sealed bids are received by Contract Administration. The bids are publicly opened and read. They are then checked visually and by a computer, which corrects any mathematical errors. It tabulates and ronks the bids on each contract and prepares analyses comparing the low bid to the detailed cost estimate on each contract. The low bids are studied by various DOT units, and the commissioner makes the final decision either accepting or rejecting the bids. Contract Administration makes the official announcement of award or rejection.
Contracts and performance bonds are prepared on awarded contracts, and the signatures of the low bidder and his surety company are obtained. After the commissioner executes the contract on behalf of the DOT, Contract Administration issues the work order to the contractor.
During the course of construction, the DOT resident engineer supervising construction sends to Contract Administration monthly reports which show the work done on contract items. This information is processed by computer, and a pay statement is produced showing the amount earned by the contractors, the retainage withheld and the amount due to be paid. The pay statement authorizes the treasurer of the DOT to pay that amount to the contractor.
Contract Administration is also responsible for developing methods and standards for construction documentation for the DOT. Such construction records document the work done by contractors and support payments mode to contractors. Documentation standards are set forth in the DOT Construction Manual.
39

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT
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OUTUN E M.A'
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Georgia is divided int o seven high way districts to provide more resp onsive service to the citizens of the state.
40

Contract Adm inistratio n continually mo nito rs t he funding of all ongoing pro je cts to assure that adeq uate funds are all ocated . All supple menta l agreements a nd extension agreements to e xisting co nt ra cts and a ll re q ue sts for additional allot me nts, such as change o rd ers and HD 10 7's, are reviewed by Cont ra ct Adm inistration prior to implementation .
DO T District Offices
The seven district offices hav e res p onsibi lity for design, ma intenance and construct ion of projects within their own districts. Each district off ice con tains a field counterpart of the other office s in the Construction Division as well as field off ice s from ot he r divisions within th e DO T. The district offices a re classified numerically a nd located throughout the state: 1) Gainesville, 2) Tennille, 3) Thomaston , 4) Tifton , 5) Jesup, 6) Cartersville and 7) Atla nta .
The f act tha t Georgia is the largest state east of the M ississippi calls fo r the DOT to k eep the tra veling public informed of locat ion s and destinat ions.
41

Today's historic landmarks, such as covered bridges, were once co m m onplace along Georgia's highways. A s with many antiques, the beauty of th e covered bridge was not appreciated until/hey had all but disappeared fr om m odem roadways.
42

Division of Operations
The Division of Operations has broad responsibility for the maintenance and management of the State Highway System. The primary duty of this division is to insure that the system is operated and maintained at the highest possible level, which involves continuous re-evaluation of the condition of the system, as well as improving the system to make it safer and more serviceable.
Included in the Operations Division are the offices of Maintenance, Traffic and Safety, Utilities, Permits and Enforcement, and State Aid.
Office of Maintenance
The Office of Maintenance preserves all roads and bridges on the State Highway System and administers many affiliated activities. The aim of this office is to economically keep all the highways in good condition and to make such improvements as can be done within the budget. Additionally, it maintains programs and supervises funding for contracted resurfacing of roads on the state system.
The Office of Maintenance programs the roadway improvement projects of the Georgia Highway Authority and established control on the spending of bond funds for resurfacing projects. The office also programs and contracts for various resurfacing projects.
The district engineers and their area managers employ superintendents and foremen whose crews work on specific sections of road. These crews are responsible for normal maintenance on roads and bridges.
Regular maintenance consists of grading dirt roads, patching failures in pavement, repair of shoulders, maintaining adequate drainage, policing the right
44

--~"T-
of way, removing snow, ice and litter from roads and bridges, mowing right of way, and making, erecting, cleaning and maintaining warning and directional signs.
Two other aspects of regular maintenance are the districts' repair, equipment and sign shops. The repair and equipment shops service practically all types of road maintenance equipment. The district sign shops fabricate, erect and maintain some of the smaller road signs needed in the field.
There are 268 roadside parks and rest areas completed within the state, and thousands of motorists use these parks each year. Parks are inspected regularly by personnel of the Roadside Parks Unit, who report to the state maintenance engineer.
The 1968 Federal Highway Act required each state to make an inspection of all bridges on the Federal-Aid System, including those on the Federal-Aid Secondary System. These inspections have been completed by the Georgia DOT, which now maintains a computer file of all data from these inspections. Inspections are made on all structures at least once every two years. Each of the districts has at least two bridge maintenance units.
The office issues a printed road condition bulletin every month, showing where construction is in progress, whether a road is closed or traffic may proceed, and, if the road is closed, what temporary route has been provided. Eighteen hundred copies of the bulletin are distributed each month.
The budget includes items of betterments by state forces. This fund is set up to do heavy and specialized maintenance under individual allocation for each project.
Office of Utilities
The Office of Utilities coordinates affairs between the DOT and railroad and utility owners. It also

d evelops and administers policies and regulations to confo rm with cur rent highway-utility laws. This off ice furn ishes fun ctional guidance to the offices of Road and Airport Des ign , Right of Way, Traffic and Safety and the se ve n di str ict offices in matters co nce rn ing rai lroa d and ut ility accommodations to hig hway right of way.
Reach ing agreement where railroads conflict with pro p osed highwa y pro jects, as well as the installation of grade cros sing protective devices, is the responsibility of th e Office of Utilitie s.
The Office of Utilitie s commun icates with t he utility com p ani es a nd coor d ina te s work between t he com pa nies, the affected DOT design offices and t he d istrict. Agreements are prepared for t he costs of utility re location or ad justment when the owner is e ntitled to re imbursement.
Pe rmits a re issue d where utility facilities are to be re located , adjusted or retained with in the limits of p ro posed highway projects, when the cost is the re sponsibility of the owner. Permits are also issue d fo r ce rtai n railroad and utility encroachments on e xisting highway right of way.
Each of the district offices has a utility engineer cha rged with rev iewing ut ility e ncroa chme nt p ermits and moni toring the preliminary e ngineering a rrangements with the ut ility companies in his territory. Through contact with the district utility engineers, t he Office of Utilitie s reviews utility matters statewide.
Off ice of Traffic Engineering and Safety
The Office of Traff ic Engineering and Safety han dles t he t raff ic engineeri ng ma nagement of road s and a ssures that existing and proposed roads are in co mpl ia nce with the latest safety standards. Ad d itio nally, it adm iniste rs the TOPICS (t ra ffi c

Mrs. Ly ndon B. Johnson talks with Com m issioner Th omas D. Moreland and fo rmer Commission er Do wning Mu sgrove during highway beautification award ceremonies.
operations prog ram me d to increase capacity and safety), Title II sa fety programs, passing lane programs and othe r p ro g ra ms desi gne d to improve the safety and efficie ncy of highways.
TOPICS is a fede ra lly funded program of t ra ff ic eng ineering imp rov ements for cities. It provides spot improvements fo r cities with significant a ccident
4S

and congestion problems which have been identified by area-wide traffic engineering studies.
Title II is a federally funded safety improvement program providing improvements for high-hazard locations, railroad grade crossings, roadside obstacles treatment and pavement markings on all roads in the state.
The activities of this office include traffic accident analysis and control, signing, marking, channelization, traffic signals, speed control, and design and operational review.
Traffic Engineering has a staff in each of the seven districts responsible for collecting and interpreting data. These duties include investigation of traffic signal problems, high accident locations, speed zone requests, uniform standards in traffic control, traffic congestion points and traffic engineering in congested ares. All these studies are conducted in both urban and rural locations throughout the state.
Beginning in FY 1975, the office employed a traffic engineer in each of the districts with the sole responsibility to assist governments with traffic engineering problems on local roads.
General traffic engineering conducts traffic engineering studies, speed zone studies, and design and operational review on new projects.
The traffic engineering studies conducted are of a type that could not normally be conducted by district traffic engineering personnel. A review of all traffic engineering reports of studies conducted by the district traffic engineer is part of this responsibility.
An emergency traffic signal program is conducted, consisting of administration, design and installation of traffic signals at locations which have a critical need for signals to alleviate severe accidents or congestion.
The passing lane program is administered by this section and involves identification and priority ranking of locations needing passing lanes for increased safety and efficiency on existing roads. Speed
46

zone studies are conducted on state routes and other roads to establish zones that provide maximum safety and enforcability. Speed trend studies are also conducted to monitor the effect of changes in speed laws and enforcement. This has increased due to the 55 MPH speed law.
The major responsibility of this section is administration of a design and operational review program for the analysis of all factors involving traffic engineering and safety or other operational controls on all new road projects.
In order to maintain the safety of state roads and to protect the right of way from encroachment, this section controls the placement of driveways along state roads.
Outdoor advertising sign control is based on legislation charging the DOT with the enforcement of the controls and other rules established by legislation, including junkyard control and beautification.
The Railroad Improvement section identifies railroad improvement needs, conducts diagnostic studies and handles railroad grade crossing improvements which involve primarily the installation of bells, lights and gates at hazardous railroad crossings.
Signing, Marking and Channelization Control prepares contracted sign work, including regulatory, warning and guide signs as well as pavement markings, guardrails and other controls needed to regulate traffic.
Office of Permits and Enforcement
The DOT's only enforcement unit, the Office of Permits and Enforcement, has responsibility for issuing permits for the use of highways by special vehicles, such as oversized and overweight carriers. During FY 1975, this office issued 37,779 annual and special permits and received $673,820 in permit fees.
Enforcement of Georgia's special vehicle regulations

as specified in the Transportation Code regarding weights, dimensions, tags, fuel stickers and other categories falls upon the Office of Permits and Enforcement. Georgia's counties received more than $300,000 in fines imposed by DOT enforcement officers during FY 1975. During the year, enforcement personnel made 4,421 overweight assessments, 5,854 overdimensional cases, 759 tag violation fines and 3,881 fuel sticker violations.
Office of State Aid
The Office of State Aid administers the city-county contract program, which is completely funded by motor fuel tax revenues. Administration of this program ranges from authorization of preliminary work on county-city projects to the beginning of contract

preparation. Approximately 500 of these contracts are authorized each year.
State law allows the DOT to negotiate contracts with city and county governments for improvements of local roads and streets. Any project using state funds and not specifically in a programmed category is also handled by the Office of State Aid.
Other projects, such as airport construction, projects specially funded by the General Assembly or projects funded by the Governor's Emergency Fund, are administered by this office with the same procedure used for county-city contracts.
The office also acts as a liaison between the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers and the DOT concerning the relocation and construction of dams and reservoirs.
State Aid personnel are available to assist the offices of the director of operations and the com missioner.

2200 6.5

2000 6.0

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TllAFFlC FATALITY STATISTICS 1970 1975 GEORGIA
16 101

' IS02,

f t7 98 1

TOTAL LIVES SAVED IN 1974 & 1975 372 + 563 935
372
~.3

.l1QQ... 4.0

13,831 ESTIMATED

130.050

.

.

.._

-~~-"" 1970

"':19"71~--~1~97-2 """

':" 1973

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---

-197:5 *:o-

YEAR l ENDING )

Between 1970 and 1975. Georgia experienced a 37 per cent reduction in trafficfatalities due to improved traffic and safetvfeatures 47 in the state highwa r svstem, as well as a speed limit reduction to 55 mph.

--

---- ~

-
Present-day Atlanta com m ut ers forge t that du ring the early part of th is cent ury cars were a rarity on the streets of Georgia's capito l city. Traffic congestion was a p rob lem of the f utu re.
48

ivision of Admini stra tio n
The Division of Administration ha s responsi bi lity for a ll Department of Transportation fiscal ma na g e me nt, includ ing accounting, purchasing, budgeting and a ud iting , as well as the operation of G eo rg ia 's fleet of state-owned aircraft. The divisi on is unde r t he sup e rvisio n of the treasurer.
The Division of Administration is subdivid e d into four offices: the Office of G enera l Accounting , the Office of Audits an d Fiscal Proced ur es, the Office of General Support Services a nd t he Office of Air Tra nsportation.
ffice of Gen e ra l Accounting
The Office of General Acco un tin g a dm iniste rs the g e ne ra l accounting fu nctio ns of the DOT, including
ccounts payable, accounts recei va b le and payroll. This office is the source of quarterl y and annual
fina ncia l statements, al o ng with its b a nk teller role of d e positing DOT monies, classi fying an d coding all fina ncia l transactions fo r e ntr y into the accounting syste m and directing t he d istr ibution of funds.
General Accountin g wor ks closely wit h the Office of Programming, suppl ying the fiscal info rma tio n ne ce ssa ry for the scheduling of projects.
ffice of Audits an d Fiscal Proce d u re s
The Office of Audits and Fisca l Procedures p rovid e s acco unting and auditing services fo r all DOT offices . Its primary responsibility is to up g ra d e fisca l ma na g e me nt and to assure full va lue fr om all negotiated co nt ra cts. so

Com m issioner Th omas D. M oreland (I) is sworn in by Gov . George Busbee.
Operationa l au di ts a re a ba sic process used in helping to maintain an d imp ro ve a high level of fiscal management. All activities of the Georg ia DOT are systematically audite d to assure co mp lia nce with established p olicie s an d re g ula tio ns. This office is

also responsible for the development of all ne w accounting systems and the implementation of required changes.

Financial aud its are performed on all contracts for utilities and railroad relocations and on all consultants' contracts.

Go v. George Busbee has taken special interest in transportation problems during his first yea r in office.
51

PERSONNE L RED UCTI ON TH RO UG H ATT RITIO N
9,500 _ _---.------r--- -~---__...---__.___---_.___---__._--_____,

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TI M E

52

Offi ce of General Support Services
A major fu nct io n of th e O ff ice of General Support Services is th e cons olid a tio n of info rma tio n into a bud get fo rmat for sub missio n to the governor and Genera l Asse mb ly. In conjunction with th is duty, the office is responsi ble for primary budgetary control with in the DOT.
General Sup p o rt Services is also ch a rg e d with equipm e nt co ntr o l, assuring that all pu rchases me e t DOT sp e cifica tio ns; cost accounting , includi ng overa ll su pe rvisio n of the bulk petroleum system through ou t the sta te; and purchasing , involving bot h t he pu rchasin g and wa re ho using of office and eng ine e ring supplies a nd t hei r di st rib utio n, and the coordination of DO AS p rinting service with the DOT.
Ad d itio na lly, t his office handl es property co nt ro l, mai nta ining a ce nt ra l inve nto ry system ; records man a g e me nt, establishing record retention and dis positio n gu idelines; and automotive sho ps coordi na tio n, including coordination of personnel tr ai ning , safety and veh icular maintenance, and repai r services .
Office of Air Transportation
O n July 1, 1972, the state's fleet of aircraft was pla ce d under the Department of Transportation . During FY 1975, more than 3,000 hours were logged by Office of Air Transportation pilots while traveling more than o ne -ha lf million air miles .
Geor g ia's seven aircraft, not includ ing those a ssig ne d permanently to ind ivid ua l agencies, range in size from several five -passenge r planes up to two 14-passe ng e r multi-en g ine a ircraft.
Ext re me ly Imp o rtp nt to th e DOT is t he sp e cia lly equi p p e d Ae ro Co mmander, wh ich is use d in ae ria l

photography. The photos are later employed as a prim ary too l by location eng inee rs in mapp ing and s u r v e y.
The Office of Air Transportation operates from the Charlie Brow n Fulto n County Airport.
Sta te Transp ortation Board Chairman Tom M itchell deliberates a decision during a m onthly m eeting.
53

C R T computer term inals are f ound in many offices, putting information retrie val at the ope rator's fingertip s.
54

M odern air tra velers stopping at A tlanta's Hart sf ield A irpo rt qu ickly fo rget that only a fe w short de cades ago the entire fie ld co ns isted of th ree b uildings. Today , A tlanta has the second b usiest airp ort in th e nation.
S5

AI

A-2

Objecl of Expendilure
Personal Services Operating Expenses Capitol Outlay lands, Buildings, and Improvements Other Expenditures Redistributed Expenses
TOTAL

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION SUMMARY OF EXPENDITURES BY OBJECT CLASSIFICATION July 1, 1972 to June 30, 1973

Schedule #S

General

Mainlenanc. &

Operations

Betterments

S22,503. 18 $............................

9,089,394.11 239,847.90
23,332,108.73

10,709,134.88 9,802,913.55

4,544,050.81

30,513,783.89

S37,227,904.73 S51,025,832.32

Planning & Construction
S24,040.oo 7,918,726.25 179,475.039.81
.. 42,943,363.59
S230,361,169.65

Tolal S46.543.18 27.717,255.24 189,517,801.26 23,332,108.73 78,001,198.29
S318,614,906.70

Redislribuled Expenditur.s S73,710,010.15 3,728,075.30 ............ .......... 78,003.963.79 (.J
S565,878.34 (.)

Grand Tolal S73,756,553.33 31,445.330.54 189,517,801.26 23,332,108.73 2,765.50 (.J
S318.049,028.36

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION SUMMARY OF CONSTRUCTION July 1, 1972 to June 30, 1973

Exhibit C

Tolal Allolmenls

Payments

Cosllo CompI.,.

SIal. Funds

F.d.ral Funds

Counly. WPA & Olh.r Non-Cash
Participalion

Olh.r Cash Funds

Tolal

Open Projects Closed Projects
Total

S1,339, 105,069.75 S1.23I,470,915.12 1,627,230,524.39 1,627,230,524.39
S2,966,335,594.14 S2,858,701,439.51

Total Allotment Distribution

S107,634,154.63 S107,634,154.63

S455,949,229.81 896,616,029.04

S848.512,201.88 658,847.599.19

SI,352,565.258.85 S1,507,359,801.07

Deduct Construction Funds Expended
Total Construction Funds Due State Funds Federal Funds Non-Cosh Participation Other Cosh Participation
TOTAl FUNDS DUE

1,335,082,391.65 Sl.S07,359,801.07

S17,482,867.20

S.. .. . . . . . . . .

SI1.727.207.76 57,996,070.54
S69,723,278.30 S2,488,421. 17
S67,234.857.13

S22,916,430.30 SI,339,105,069.75 13,770.825.62 1,627.230.524.39

S36,687,255,92 S2.966,335,594.14 SI3,770.825.62 S2,858,701,439.51

S22,916,430.30

SI 07,634,154.63

A-3

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION STATEMENT OF REVENUES AND EXPENDITURES
July 1, 1972 to June 30, 1973

Revenues Gas Tax Appropriation
General Operations Authority Rental. Maintenance and Betterments Plonning and Construction

512,938,158.00 24,878,000.00 51.931,421.00 101,935,421.00

General Fund Appropriation Intermcdcl Transfer Facilities Property and Supplie.

51,059,525.00 347,475.00

Supplemental Appropriations Gas Tax Planning and Construction Goyernor's Emergency Fund Airport Construction NonGasoline Tox Revenues Planning and Construction

57,787,153.50
85,631.00
_ _~,ooo.oo

Federal Apportionments A8C Program Interstate Miscellaneous Highway Planning Survey

541.677,422.85 50,067,639.00 11,796,987.54
2,120,480.53

Cosh Participation Participation by Counties
Participation by Cities Participation by Others Participation by Georgia Highway Authority

5
522,392.43 3,833,576.10

Non-Cosh Participation
Participation by Counties Participation by Cities Participation by Railroads
Participation by Others

5189,821.41 194,446.77
100,291.40 ....................................

Aircraft Rental Income from Miscellaneous Sales

5197,036.76 180,066.09

Total Revenues Expenditures General Operations Authority Rental Payments Maintenance and Betterments Planning and Construction

513,895,796.00 23,332,108.73 51,025,832.32
230,361,169.65

Total Expenditures

Total Revenue Available to Finance Expenditures for the Remainder of the Year

5191,683,000.00 51,407,000.00 59,472,784.50
5105,662,529.92
54,355,968.53
5484,559.58 5377,102.85 5313,442,945.38
5318,614,906.70 55,171.961.32 (.)

A-4

Schedule # 1

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION BUDGETARY BALANCE SHEET July 1, 1972 to June 30, 1973

Exhibit B

Budgetary A e" Estimated State Appropriations
Budgeted Bolances Forward Supplemental State Appropriation Gosoline Tax

ASSETS

Estimated Appropriation. Non-Gosoline Tax Revenue

Estimated Appropriation Non-Gasoline Tox Revenue Estimated Budget Transfers Governor's Emergency Fund Estimated Federal Apportionments ABC Estimated Federal Apportionments Intentate Estimated Federal Apportionments Highway Planning Survey Estimated Federal Apportionments - Miscellaneous Estimated Cash Participation by Counties Estimated Cash Participation by Cities Estimated Cosh Participation by Others Estimated Cash Participation Authority Engineering Estimated Controct Participation Cities & Counties Estimated Contrad Participation Railroads

Total Budgetary A et.

LIABILITIES Budgetary liabiliti..
Fund Appropriations Unrecorded Requisitions
Fund Allotment.
General Operations Authority Rental Payments Maintenance and Be"erments Planning and Construction
Total Budgetary liabilitie.

$191,683,000.00 148,501,030.59 7,787,153.50 1,367,436.00 1,600,000.00 85,631.00 34,399,822.24 72,186,565.48 655,129.49 23,581,576.18

684,092.69 3,833,576.10
384,268.18 100,291.40

$486,849,572.85

$62,652,312.32 1,626,682.97
$13,895,796.00 23,332,108.73 62,757,392.77
322.585,280.06

$64,278,995.29
$422,570,577.56 $486,849,752.85

A-5

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PROPRIETARY BALANCE SHEET July 1, 1972 to June 30, 1973

Ca.h Petty Ca.h Cash in Bonks Revenue Collections Cosh in Bonks Public Trus. Funds Cash in Bonks Private Trust Funds Cosh in Bonks Regular Checking Accounts Cosh in Banks Time Deposi. Accounts

ASSETS

Account' Receivabl. Due from State Treasury. Regular Appropriation Due from Stote Treasury Due from Stote Treasury Supplemental Appropriation Due from Stote Treasury Supplementol General Fund Appropriation Due from Stote Treasury Governor's Emergency Fund Due from Federal Government Due from Other Stote Agencies Due from Others Due from Contracts with Others Due from Otbers . Deficiency Judgements Other Receivable Contractor's Escrow
Undi.tributed Charge. and Clearing Account. S.o.ewide Clearing Account Stotewide Equipment Clearing Account Other Equipment Clearing Account Statewide Shop Clearing Account Other Clearing Account. - Utility Refund. Undistributed Contract Participation' Cities & Counties Undistributed Contract Participation Railroads Other Clearing Accounts Aircraft Charter flights Undistributed Charges' Miscellaneous
Inventory. Material. and Supplie.
Total Proprietary Allet.

Account. Payable Commercial Vouchers Payable Contract Vouchers Payable
Miscellaneous Payroll Taxe. Payable

LIABILITIES

Payroll Deduction. Payable FICA Taxe. Withheld Federal Income Tax Withheld State Income Tax Withheld
State Retirement Withheld Health In.urance Withheld Other Poyroll Deductions

Tru.t Liabilitie. Private Trust funds Certified Check Account Private Trust funds Truck Weigher's Escrow Account Private Trust funds RightofWay Trust Funds Other Trust Funds

R. . .r v e . Trust Reserves

Program Re.erye. Allotment Reserves for Contracts & Programs Under Woy Appropriation Reserves for Programs Under Way

R...rve for Contingencie., Doubtful Allet., Inventorie. and Undi.tributed Charge.

Total Proprietary Liabilitie.

543,545.00 14,496.00
2.238,781.20 88.890.00
6,269.211.63
S154,946,533.82 52,300.00

S8,654,923.83

22,500.00 195,337,883.42
1,000,000.00 6,194.70
6.925,200.42 113,906.54
6,216,675.78

S364,621,194.68

S807,647.40 (.) 4,791.55
337,282.97 (-I 198,255.48
1240410.01 (.) 2,212,466.21
275.954.96 8,079.99 (-)
71,405.12 (.)

S1.342.642.71

$2,447,872.36

$377,066,633.58

S4,782,75U6 218,563,620.54
4,545,586.13 1,236,327.98

S229,128,286.11

S876,616.88
29,271.38 116,930.35
_____ ~,247.~

SI,029.066.11

$500.00 71,190.00 17.200.00

S88,89O.oo

S103,955,670.86
_ _ -E~~~~,.o~3~~2 S141.387.7 14.28
_____ J~~~6_.~~}.C?~
__~377~~~~6~3.S_8

A6

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION SUMMARY OF CONSTRUCTION June 30, 1974

Exhibit C

Total Allotmontl

'aymonts

Colt to Comploto

Stato FundI

Fodoral FundI

County & Othor Non-Colh
Participation

Othor COlh Funds

Totol

Opon Projeds Closed Projom
Total

5l.348,885,052.57 1,831,798,262.73
53,180,683,315.30

Total Allotment Distributions

51,241,664,640.49 U31 ,798,262.73
53,073,462,903.22

5107,220,412.08 - ....

5"66,623,.47.21 982,099,351.01

5849,920,378.29 774,815,532.54

5107,220,412.08 51,448,722.798.22 51,624.735,910.83

Dedud Construction Funds Expended

51.365,302,825.61 51,624,735,910.83

510,260,317.95 59,228,288.31
$69 . 88,606.26

522,080,909.12 51.3.8.885.052.57 15,655,090.87 1.831.798,262.73
537,735.999.99 $3,180,683.315.30

Total Construdian Funds Due State Funds Fodoral Funds NanCash Participation Other Cash Participation TOTAL FUNDS DUE

5 17,370,427.05 5...... ....

567,769,075.91 51.719,530.35

515,655.090.87 $3.073,.62,903.22

$22,080.909.12

5107,220.412.08

Object of Expendltu,,"
Personal Services Operating Expensos Capital Outlay lands, Buildings & Improvements Other Exponditures Redistributed Expensos
fOTAl

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION SUMMARY OF EXPENDITURES BY OBJECT CLASSIFICATION July 1, 1973 to June 30, 1974

Schedule #S

Gonoral Operationl

Maintenance & Betterments

Planning & Conltructian

Total

Rediltributed Expondituros

Grand Total

522.285.55.. .... .. ..

13.356,878.40

10.60 1.675.57

364,768.70

7,993,103.78

26,208,379.25

5.029.378.6

37,202,771.49

5.4,981.690.26 555,197,550.8.

511,845.25 (.) 5.850.218.99 180,522,965.27
. .5.843.894.83
5232,205.233.84

510,440.20 578,112,112.5.

29,808,772.96

.,735,73. 33

188,880.837.75...... ....

26,208,379.25.. ........

88,076,044.78 85,036,805.92 (.)

5332,98.7. 94 52.188,959.05 (.)

578,122,552.74 3. 5.4.507.29 188,880.837.75 26,208.379.25 3.039.238.86
$330.795.515.89

A-7

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTAliON STATEMENT OF REVENUES AND EXPENDITURES
July 1, 1973 to June 30, 1974

Schedule #1

Revenues Gas TalC Appropriation
General Operations Authority Rentals Maintenance and Be"erments Planning and Construction

517,267,178.00 29,921.000.00 57,017,628.00
109.477.181.00

General Fund Appropriation Non-Gasoline Talit Revenues
Other Reyenues Retained Supplemental Appropriations
Gas tox . Planning and Construction Governor's Emergency Fund Airport Construction Non-Gasoline Tax Revenues Planning and Construction

52,814.886.81 45.200.00
329,000.00

Federal Apportionments A8C Program Intentote Miscellaneous Highway Planning Survey

510.263.016.24 90,145,874.42 21.513,708.44
1.739.044.00

Cosh Participation Participation by Counties Participation by Cities Participation by Others Participation by Georgia Highway Authority

535.219.29
929,540.73 _ _ _--"'3."'6.33.809.32

Non-Cash Participation Participation by Counties Participation by Cities Participation by Railroads Participation by Others

5257,652.97 (.) 5.076.00
22.516.63 _~~_~_344.60(.)

Other Revenues Sale of Billboard Advertising Permits Sale of Permits for Overweight Movement Receipts from Overweight Assessment Receipts from State Aircraft Rental Fees Receipts from Miscellaneous Sales

537.845.00 770.340.00
83,404.63 178,939.72 297,195.73

Expenditures General Operations Authority Rental Payments Maintenance and Be"erments Planning and Construction

Total Revenues

518,773.31101 26,208,379.25 55.797.550.84
232,205.233.84

Total Expenditures

Totol Revenue Availclble to Finance Expenditures for the Remoinoer of the Year

5213.682.987.00 51.982,150.00 572.325.00 53,189.086.81
5123.661,643.10
54.598.569.34
5230.404.94 (.)
51.367.725.08 5348.324,08139
5332,984.474.94 515.339.606.45

A-I

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION BUDGETARY BALANCE SHEET July 1, 1973 to June 30, 1974

Exhibit B

ASSETS Budgelary Assel.
Estimated State Appropriations Budgeted Balances Forward Supplemental State Appropriation' Gasoline Tax Estimated Other Income Estimated Appropriation. Non-Gasoline Tax Revenue Estimated Supplemental Appropriation. Non-Gasoline Tax Reyenue Estimated Budge' Transfers' Governor's Emergency Fund Estinloted Federal Apportionments' ABC Estimated Federal Apportionments Interstate Estimated Federal Apportionments Highway Planning Survey Estimated Federal Apportionments Miscellaneous Estimated Cosh Participation by Counties Estimated Cosh Participation by Others Estimated Cosh Participation Authority Engineering Estimated Contract Participation. City & Counties Estimated Contract Participation Others Safes of Miscellaneous Items
Tolal Budgelary Assell

Budgelary Uabililie. Fund Appropriations Fund Allotments General Operations Authority Rental Payments Maintenance and Betterments Planning and Construction

LIABILITIES

Tolal Budgelary Uabilitie.

$213,682,987,00 144,278,956.73 2,814,886.81 853,744.63 1,983,500.72 329,000.00 45,200.00 58,941,875.75 68,619,362.91 2,139,258.96 22,991,606.52 35,219.29 481,532.46 3,633,809.32 252,576.97 H 22,516.63 335,040.73

$520,935,921.49

$18,773,311.01 26,208,379.25 67,154,034.82
330,944,613.62

$77,855,582.79
$443,080,338.70 $520,935,921.49

A9

Al0

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PROPRIETARY BALANCE SHEET July 1, 1973 to June 30, 1974

Ca.h Petty Ca.h Cosh in Banks Revenue Collections Ca.h in Bank. - Public T,u.t Fund. Cosh in Bonks Private Trust Funds Cash in Bonks Regular Checking Accounts Cash in Bonks Time Deposit Accounts

ASSETS

Account. Receivable Due from S'a'. Treasury. Regular Appropriation Due from State Treasury General Fund Appropriation Due from Stat. Treasury Supplemental Appropriation Due from Stat. Treasury Supplemental General Fund Appropriation Due from State Treasury Governor', Emergency Fund
Due from Federal Government Due from Other Stat. Agencies Due from Others Due from Confrads with Others Due from Others Deficiency Judgements Other Receivable, . (ontrado,', Escrow

Undi.tributed Charg.. and Clearing Account. Statewide Clearing Account Statewide Equipment Clearing Account Other Equipment Clearing Account Stotewide Shop Clearing Account Other Clearing Account. - Utility Relund. Undistributed Controd Participation Cities & Counties Undistributed Contract Participation Railroads Othe' Clea,ing Account. - Airc,alt Charter Flight. Undistributed Charges Miscellaneous

Inventory Material. and Supplie.

Total Proprietary A..et.

Account. Payable Commercial Vouchers Payable Contrad Vouchers Payable Miscellaneous Payroll Taxe. Payable

LIABILITIES

Payroll Deduction. Payable FICA Taxe. Withheld
Federal Income Tax Withheld State Income Tax Withheld State Retirement Withheld Health In.urance Withheld Other Pay,oll DedUdion.

Tru.t Liabilitie. Private Tru.t Fund. Certilied Check Account Private Trust Funds Truck Weigher's Escrow Account P,iyate Tru.t Fund. Rightol-Way Trll.t Fund. Othe, Tru.t Fund.

R. . .r v e . Trust Reserves
Program Re..rve. Allotment Reserves for Contracts and Programs Under Way Appropriation Reserves for Programs Under Woy

Current Operating Re.erv.. Totol Revenues Len Expenditures
R...rve for Contingencie., Doubtful A...t., Inventorie. and Undi.tributed Charg..

Total Proprietary Liabilitie.

5---------------
201.00 561,772.20 417,610.84 6,196,045.18
5158,328,487.46 459,570.17

57,175.629.22

12,700.00 220,227,803.85
1,221.602.50 16,209.56
1.984,727.34 113,646.54
9,955,166.30

5392,319,913.72

565,785.84 (-j 3,371.004.66 (-)
182,128.67 (-) 353,234.64
1,846.63 1,468,563.31
250,967.04
_ _ _~27~,O",6o:5::..:.5:..:1 (-) 51,575,066.32 (-) 53,214,712.90
$401,135,189.52

55.473.622.80 255,454,163.12
4,447,680.14 385,990.28
$.-------------.-
34,258.69 124,045.73
_ _ _~17C'-,4~7~7.:..:.5~0

5235,761,456.34 5175,781.92

5500.00 79.185.00
9,400.00 204.786.63

5293.871.63

5110.095,863.76 49,708.487.19

5455,632.27 5159,804.350.95

54,644,096.41 $401.135.189.52

Exhibit A

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION PROPRIETARY BALANCE SHEET July 1, 1974 to June 30, 1975

Exhibit A

Cash Petty Cosh Cash in Banks Revenue Collections Cash in Banks - Public Trust Funds Cash in Bonks - Private Trust Funds
Cash in Banks Regular Checking Accounts Cosh in Banks - Time Deposit Accounts

ASSETS

Accaunts R..eivable Due from State Treasury - Regular Appropriation Due from State Treasury - General Fund AODrODriation Due from Stote Treasury - Supplemental Appropriation

Due from State Treasury Supplemental General Fund Appropriation Due from State Treasury. Governor', Emergency Fund Due from Federal Government Due from Other State Agencies Due from Others Due from General Obligation Bond Funds Due from Contracts with Others Due from Others Deficiency Judgements Other Receivable - Contractor's Escrow Overweight Assessment Citations Receivable

Undistributed Charges and Clearing Accaunts Statewide Clearing Account Statewide Equipment Clearing Account Other Equipment Clearing Account Statewide Shop Clearing Account Other Clearing Accounts Utility Refunds Undistributed Contrad Participation - Cities and Counties Undistributed Contract Participation - Railroads Other Clearing Accounts Aircraft Charter Flights Undistributed Charges - Miscellaneous

Inventory. Materials and Supplies

Total Prop,ietary Assets

Accounts Payable Commercial Vouchers Payable Contrad Vouchers Payable Miscellaneous Payroll Taxes Payable

LIABILITIES

Payroll Deductions Payable FICA Taxes Withheld Fede,al Income Tax Withheld State Income Tax Withheld State Retirement Withheld Health Insurance Withheld Other Payroll Deductions

Trust Liabilities Private Trust Funds - Certified Check Account Private Trust Funds - Truck Weigher's Escrow Account Private Trust Funds - Right-of-Way Trust Funds Other Trust Funds

Reserve. Trust Reserves
Program Reserve. Allotment Reserves for Contracts and Programs Under Way Appropriation Reserves far Programs Under Way

Re.erve for Contigencie Doubtful Assetl, Inventoriel and Undistributed Charges

Total Proprietary Liabilities

$

.

92.870.21

615,073.20

186.392.05

2,974,206.01

$179,206,147.60

$3,868,541.47

91,250.00 332,174,759.61
462,881.73 16,563.26
28,303,497.49 10,377,491.49
113,426.54 12,197,515.36
121,257.00

$563,064.790.18

$431,266.36 781,330.30
3,976,409.96 (.)
111,938.11

1,S79,856.92 264,669.13

_ _ _--'6~,l:.cl~0~.6~2

801.238.52 (.) 2,967,907.93 $569,100,001.06

$4,753.419.81 284,316,672.00
2,902,010.66 422,083.14

$292,394,185.61

$-

..

44,610.62 139,320.69
_ _ _ _~9~,0~5::c8."_7=:5

$192,990.06

$.--

..

84,633.50

14,500.00

$99,133.50

$205,743,707.03 66.650,347.42

$633,740.06 $272,394.054.45

$3.385,897.38 $S69,100,001.06

8-1

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION BUDGETARY BALANCE SHEET July 1, 1974 to June 30, 1975

Exhibit B

ASSETS Budgetary Assets
Estimated State Appropriations Budgeted Balances Peewerd Supplemental State Appropriations - Gasoline Tax Estimated Other Income Administrative Income Estimated Appropriations Non-Gasoline Tax Revenue Estimated Supplemental Appropriations - Non-Gasoline Tax Revenue Estimated Budget Transfers' Governor', Emergency Fund Estimated Appropriation - Generol Obligation Bond Funds Estimated Fede,al Appattianments . ABC Estimated Federal App~rtionments- Interstate Estimated Federal Apportionments - Highway Planning Survey Estimated federal Apportionments Miscellaneous Estimated Cash Participation by Counties Estimated Cash Participatian by Cities Estimated Cash Participatian by Others Estimated Cash Participation Authority Engineering Estimated Contrad Participation - Cities & Counties Estimated Contrad Participation Railroads Income from Sale of Miscellaneous Items
Total Budgetary As..ts

Budgetary Liabiliti.. Fund Appropriations
Fund Allotments General Operations Autha,ity Rental Payments Maintenance and Betterments Planning and Construdion

LIABILITIES

Total Budgetary Liabilities

5228,68\'961.01 163,363,052.30
1,015,900.42 6,456,049.13 7,180,000.00
138,200.00 38,000,000.00 87,920,372. IS 140,578,024.03
2,671,636.96 39,869,539.06
1,031,202.23 623,279.30
10,687,834.87 2,179,709.57
288,908.04 34,011.00
146,296.97
$730,865,977.04

516,178,773.73 28,878,494.06 79,009,622.66
504,574,500.33

5102,224,586.26
628,641,390.78 $730,B65,977.04

8-2

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION STATEMENT OF REVENUES AND EXPENDITURES
July 1, 1974 to June 30, 1975

Schedule #1

Revenues Gos Tax Appropriation
General Operations Authority Operations Maintenance and Betterments Planning and Construction

Generol Fund Appropriation Non-Gosoline Tax Revenues
Generol Obligation Bond Funds Supplemental Appropriations
Gas Tax - Planning and Construction Governor's Emergency Fund Non-Gos Tax Revenues - Planning & Construction Federal Apportionments ABC Program Interstate Miscelloneous Highway Planning Survey Cash Participation Participation by Counties Participation by Cities Participation by Others Participation by Georgia Highway Authority

Non-Cosh Participation
Participation by Counties Participation by Cities Participation by Railroads
Participation by Others

Sale of Permits Billboard Advertising Sale of Permits Oversize Vehicles Overweight Assessments Aircraft Rental Fees Income from Miscellaneous Sales

Expenditure.
General Operations Authority Rental Payments Maintenance and Benerments Planning and Construction

Total Revenues

Total Expenditures

Total Revenue Available to Finance Expenditures

S16.901.605.34 32.474.681.00 56.795.871.12
122.593.322 .89

S 138.200.(0
7.180.000.00
S65.654.935.84 125.572.704.26 39.074.537.21 _ _ _--.:4"7. 54.616.96

S1.030.200.12 618.230.80
11.203.219.60 2.179.709.57

S210.806.29

78.101.75

34.011.00

...-

.

S30.055.00 625.355.00 360.490.42
97.827.93 146.296.98

SI6.142.138.19 28.878.494.06 66.421.429.72
311.447.798.82

S228,765.480.35 S6.456.049.13
S38.OOO.OOO.00 S7.3 I8.200.00
S235.056.794.27
S15.031.360.09
S322.919.04
SI.26O.025.33 S532.210.828.21
S422.889.860.79 SI09.320.967.42

B-3

Object of bpenditures
Per sonol Services Operating Expenses Capitol Outlay lands, Buddings and Improvements Other Es penditvre s Redistributed Expense.. TOTAL

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION SUMMARY OF EXPENDITURES BY OBJECT CLASSIFICATION July 1, 1974 to June 30, 1975

Schedule #5

'3eneral Operations

Maintenance & Bettermenh

Planning & Construction

Total

Redistributed Expenditures

Grand Expenditure,

5124.517.455 10.323.83138
260.811.24 28.878.494.06
5.432.978.12
!45.020.63225

5

5124.517.45

583.407.121.21

583.531.63866

14.180.924.09

5.658.80930

30.163.564.77

5.826.487.32

35.990.052.09

16.140.218.23

255.988.900.45

272.389.929.92 28.878.494.06

272.389.929.92

.

28.878.494.06

36.100.287.40

49.:.800.P.ll9()7

~}.3.~..J545~_8_~~~1.3611c501J_

:?2.2~8~~

566.421.429.72 5311.4~?,7_98c82. ._~22.88.9..ll6.QJ9___..1~1.:14()<>.3 ___~2.3.~!J....1.Q0.:.ll:?

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION SUMMARY OF CONSTRUCTION June 30, 1975

Exhibit C

Total Allotments

Payments

Cost to Complete

State Funds

Federal Funds

County & Other Non-Cash
Participation

Other Cash Funds

Total

Open Projects Closed Projects
Totol Totol Allotment Distributions
Deduct Construction funds Expended

51.559.925.078.40 2.008.259.788.77
53.568.184.867 17

Total Construction Funds Due State funds Federal funds Non-Cosh Participation Other Cosh Participation TOT AL FUNDS DUE
84

5941.449.995.77 906.199.184.00

510.466.660.19 59.345.185.11

532.972.239.07 51.559.925.078.40 17.075.81101 2.008.259,788.77

51.600.675,792.02 51.847.649.179.77

569.811.845.30

550.048.050.08 53.568.184.86717

51.847.649.179.77

567.967. 319,:?.5

_ _5_1>8.483.95.8 05 - - - - - -50.-00

51.844.5260,,5

532.972.239.07

5193.300.723.17

Milege of State Highway System and County Roads by Type of Surface June 30, 1975

Type 01 surlace
Unimproved Graded and drained Soilsurfaced Grovel or Stone low-type bituminous Hightype bituminous Portland cement concrete Brick or block
Totol

Slale Highway
Syslem
13010 23.02 82.43 2.196.79 14.893.38 954.82
0.75
18.281.29

Counly Roads
1009.88 27.415.62 9.93037
9.661.99 19.728.25 4.717.43
131.61 2.32
72,597.47

Tolal 1009.88 27.545.72 9.953.39 9.744.42 21.925.04 19.610.81
1.086.43 3.07
90.878.76

Mileage of State Highway System

1920 - 1975

Dale

Mileage

Dec. 31. 1920

4.800.0

Dec. 31. 1921

5.500.0

Dec. 31. 1922

5.500.0

Dec. 31. 1923

5.854.7

Dec. 31. 1924

6.248.8

Dec. 31. 1925

6.648.8

Dec. 31. 1926

7.048.8

Dec. 31. 1927

7.061.4

Dec. 31. 1928

7.075.6

Dec. 31. 1929

7.090.6

June 30. 1930

7.124.4

June 30. 1931

7.138.5

June 30. 1932

8.196.8

June 30. 1933

8.498.3

June 30. 1934

8.876.2

June 30. 1935

9.206.4

June 30. 1936

9.272.8

June 30. 1937

10.118.6

June 30. 1938

10.952.8

June 30. 1939

11.215.4

June 30. 1940

11.907.7

June 30. 1941

13.212.5

June 30. 1942

13.223.7

June 30. 1943

13.968.6

June 30. 1944

13.995.3

June 30. 1945

14.003.2

June 30. 1946

13.808.2

June 30. 1947

14.282.4

June 30. 1948

14.3855

June 30. 1949

14.876.8

June 30. 1950

15.201.9

June 30. 1951

15.175.6

June 30. 1952

15.228.9

June 30. 1953

15.097.8

June 30. 1954

15.121.3

June 30. 1955

15.111.5

June 30. 1956

15.130.4

June 30. 1957

15.184.0

June 30. 1958

15.207.0

June 30. 1959

15.697.7

June 30. 1960

15.959.2

June 30. 1961

16.310.7

June 30. 1962

16.478.3

June 30. 1963

16.640.0

June 30. 1964

16.785.4

June 30. 1965

16.982.0

June 30. 1966

17.117.1

June 30. 1967

17.281.6

June 30. 1968

17.437.9

June 30. 1969

17.586.5

June 30. 1970

17.649.5

June 30. 1971

17.706.1

June 30. 1972

17.888.5

June 30. 1973

18.09208

June 30. 1974

18.214.21

June 30. 1975

18.281.29

8-S

Federalaid Primary Systems
Rural Urban Federal-aid Urbon System Federol-aid Secondary System Not On Any Federal-aid System TOTAL

Mileage of Existing Highways By Systems June 30, 1975

State Highway Systems

County Roads

City Str.e"

7,598 903 78
9,080 622
18,281

13 4
10,480 62,100 72.597

1 21 16
9,393 9,431

Total Existing
7,612 928 94
19,560 72,115 100,309

The federol-aid primary system mileage includes 948 miles of the Notional System of Interstate and Defense Highways which have been completed and ore now open to traffic. Urbon extensions of State Highway System and county roads within incorporated places ere included in the mileage of the respective systems and ore not classified as city streets. Also, the mileage of the federol-aid secondary system includes extensions. through incorporated ploces.

HIGHWAY USE OF MOTOR FUEL IN GEORGIA 1925 - 1975

Year

Thousands of Gallons

1925

133,548

1926

154,976

1927

183,896

1928

197,106

1929

209,794

1930

213,089

1931

211,767

1932

190,592

1933

202,196

1934

229,447

1935

254,609

1936

287,284

1937

312,468

1938

319,246

1939

339,877

1940

374,300

1941

406,781

1942

324,359

1943

282,739

1944

314,692

1945

367,726

1946

495,202

1947

540,087

1948

579,048

1949

629,271

1950

706,796

8-6

Vear
1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975

Thousands of Gallons
778,131 877,130 913,975 959,358 1,053,372 1,124,187 1,161.457 1,215,791 1,283,230 1,317,842 1.364,594 1,437,998 1.513,362 1,619,715 1,724,043 1,847,087 1,953,292 2,055,188 2,252,963 2,435,691 2,596,838 2,848,010 3,073,229 3,106,655 3,073,267

OFFICE OF MATERIALS AND RESEARCH

The following numbers of samples were tested at the centrolloborotory and branch laboratories during FY 1974 and 1975:

FY 1974 FY 1975
Total number of bridges inspected: FY 1974 FY 1975
Total tons of structural steel inspected: FY 1974 FY 1975
Total footage drilled by soil survey crews:
FY 1974 FY 1975

80.719 72,543
59 43
11.611 12.296
Soil 115.254 111.671

Rock 5.777 2.505

OFFICE OF UTILITIES

These statistics represent the approximate volume and detail required to operate the Office of Utilities for the post two years.

(A) Cost estimates reviewed and processed in support of force account agreements.

1. Utility Estimates 2. Railroad Estimates TOTAL

240 each 200 each 440 estimates

55.870.000. 55.000.000. 510.870.000.

tB, Preparation of force account agreements and their execution. which required four mojor hondl;ngs to complete.

1. Utility Agreements 2. Railroad Agreements TOTAL

240 each
200 each
400 Agreements x 4 =1,760 handlings

(C, Negotiated and prepared miscellaneous agreements and documents such as consultants, contract item work, etc. - 40 each

101 Permits received and processed-to insure proper protection of the roadway and right of way, safety to the public, and for conformance to deportment policy - 10,724 permits

IE) The Office of Utilities investigated and reviewed approximately 1,900 potential conflicts with different utility owners in order to clear projects proposed for letting to contract ~ 1,900 conflicts

iF) Progress and final bills supporting force occount work for railroad and utility work reviwed and processed -- 800 bills

CGI Change orders and determinations processed -- 160 each

IHl Letters prepared in order to handle office matters

4,000 letters

B-7

B-8

OFFICE OF ROAD AND AIRPORT DESIGN

Plans Prepared The following table !.how~ a svmmary of projects. by type, let to construction contr octv during bscc! yE:or\ 1974 and 1975

Type of Project

Federal-Aid Iotervtote

Highway Constrvction rComplete i

Highway Construction ;Grodtng OnlYI

Highway Const-ccnoo (Polling Only.

Highway Constevctton (Bridges OnlYI

Number of ""velures

Res' Area Construction

Res' Area Welcome Center Convtr cctron

Truck Weighing Stonon Ccnvtructron

Lc ndvcc pmq

Highway lIghtIng

Res' Area Welcome Center Truck WeighIng Station lighting

Navigation llghttng

PROJECTS LET TO CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT

FY 74

Number

Miles

3

261

2

19.0

36

08

Federal-Aid Primary and Urbon

Highway Co o structroo (Complete;

95

Highway Convtrvct.on (Grodlng Only,

2.9

Highway Con~'rv(tlon 'Paving Only! Highway Convteuctron 18rldge~ OnlYI

Highway LIghting

53

Ncv.qouon Lighting

FederalAld Secondary Highway Construction (Complete) Highway Constro cnon IGradlng OnlYI Highway Con'!otruclion (PavIng Or,ly) Highway Conslrucllon (Br,dge'!o Only)
100% Stcte Aid and Oeoeq.o Highway Aulhorlly Highwoy ConSlruclion (Complete) Highway Conslrucllon IGradlng Only} Highway Construction IPavlng Only) Highway (o"",lrucllon 18r1dge~ Only! Number of \lru(lure~

11

286

6

115

1

1.6

74

131 3

5

192

35

1600

Number
1 8 2 18 87
3 1 1 4 2 1
23 1
26 8 5
43 2
43 13

OFFICE OF ROAD AND AIRPORT DESIGN

A'!o of June 30. 1975, plan .. were on Ihe drawing board in variOJ\ '!ologes of completion fo, Ihe following

Type Projects FederolAid Inte r..tote Highway (on..l,u(IIOn Federal-Aid Primary and Urban Highway Con\lruchon F~derol-Ald Secondary Highway Ccnvtrucnon Stote Aid and GeorcJla Highway AUlhooly Re..1 Area/Welcome Center/Trud Weighing Stofion Highway l,ghllng

Number 23 60
200 153
13 12

Miles 1396 1996 521 5 4503
93

FY 75 Miles
07 663 251
40 1.1
555 13.5
14
448 350
no
968 2.8
18B 2

OFFICE OF RIGHT OF WAY
Federal-Aid I'rimary and Urban 'rojectl During the two-year period cevered by this report, right of way for primary and urban proieds hos be.n acquired as follows:

Total Expenditures Number of Parcels Purchased Number of Projects Certified Mileage

Filcal '74 $6,815,000
4 4 8.4

Filcal '75 $10.750,000
517 10 45

Inte..tate SYltem

Indicated below or. statistics showing right of way acquired for 'he Interstate System during the two-yeor period covered by this report:

Total Expenditure, Numbe, of Parcel, Purchased Number of Proiects Certified Mileage

Filcal '74
s12.775.000
499
5
40.5

Filcal '75 $5.400,000
154 6
46.5

The following table indicates 'he s'otus of rights of way for the vorious authorized In'er,'at. route ,ections for 'he stot. of Georgia as of June 30 1975. Only thr sections remain unfinished: 116.175 narth af Atlanta and '185. '16 and 175 will be campleted early in flscel year 1976.

Route S. .t i o n
1161 1201 12()'2 1241 1591 1751 1752 1753 1851 1852 1951 '1851 12851 14751

Description Description
Moen-Savannah Atlanta-Birmingham Atlanta-Augusto Dade Caunty laap Chattonooga-Birmingham lake City. FlaridaMacan Macon-Atlanta AtlantaChattanooga Atlonta-Montgomery Atlonta-Greenville Savonnah-Jacksonville LaGrange-Columbus Atlanta Circumferential Mocon 8ypass

Total Mileage
164.8 56.2 144.5
4.1 19.3 164.1 85.9 101.5 77.1 94.9 111.4 41.2 61.6 14.8
1142.3

Mileage Acquired
152.3 56.2 144.5
4.1 19.3 164.1 85.9 96.5 77.1 94.9 111.4 7.1 61.6 14.8
1089.9

'er Cent Acquired
92% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 95% 100% 100% 100%
17% 100% 100%
95%

OFFICE OF BRIDGE AND STRUCTURAL DESIGN
During fiscal years 1974 and 1975. bridges were I.t to contract Q! follows:

Filcal Vear 1974 1975
Total

Number of Bridgel 93 170
263

COlt $32.906.083.42 83.235.356.87 5116.141.440.29

The above does not include the value of bridge, authorized :)y county contracts or bridge culverts let to contract.

8-9

Topographic mop' on linens Miles of centerline mapping Aerial vertical contact prints Exposures of vertical photography Airplane flying time (hours) Reproductions contact prints Reproductions enlargements Miles of control traverses Miles of levels Geodetic 'roverses (Sq. Miles) Geodetic level. (Sq. Mile.) Monuments placed Photogrammetric erou sections (miles) Photogrammetric right-ot-way surveys Miles of aerial t,iangulation

OFFICE OF LOCATION

Fiscal Vear 1974 346 114
21.028 12.476
281 8.980 6.428 1.070
531 N. A. N.A.
179 170 147 111

Fiscal Vear 1975 250 88 14.104 8.746 257 13.764 7.857 619 440 5.410 224 128 103 233 67

OFFICE OF URBAN AND MULTI-MODAL DESIGN
During fiscol years 197.. and 1975 con'rach were awarded for Interstate, Primary, Urbon and Intersection High Hazard Area Improvements as follows

New location Widening and Reconstruction Intersection and High Hazard Area Improvements
TOTAL

No. 'rojecl. 10 15 16
41

loadway 21.812.378 17.950.349 6.742.178
46.504.905

Bridge. 4.103.840 2.276.564
6.380.404

Total 25.916.218 20.226.913 6.742.178
52.885.309

OFFICE OF TRAFFIC ENGINEERING AND SAFETY
The 'ollowing number 0' studies and projects were completed duri 19 FY 197... 75:
925 'or mol traffic engineering reports processed 320 traffic signal permits iuued 1.909 outdoor adver1ising permits inu~d
0' 3.52" signs in violation current lows removed
2.761 permits iuued to allow legal righto'way encroachment 303 speed lone studies completed 255.665 occident records analYled 1.628 'atal haffic occident Investigation..
0' 3S0 sa'e'y reviews design pions
SOO high hazard loco'.ons investigated 65 TOPICS p'ojects designed ..69 rail'oad C'O""'9 il1\pfovel1\cnh complthd

1-10

800 rood ...de ob-tocle IOCC'lon IInp.oVt'n1t'II'" uude way

BUREAU OF MASS TRANSPORTATION State Grants to Local Areas for
Transit Development and Studies

FY 1973"

Sponsor Albany
Savannah

Typo Program A technical study te. measure the anticipated demand for moss t'onsportotio" services f), Albany area
Capitol assistance agreement for purchase of equipment

Total Co.t $34,632.00
5468,227.66

kdoral $23,088.00
$312,151.77

Coastal Plain Area Planning and Develop' ment Commission

Technical study to measure anticipated demand for moss '!"onspar-otion services in the Valdosta area

$13,395.00

$8,931.00

FY 1973 grants were granted on a 2/3 . 1/3 basis
The remaining 540,037.95 of the ,tate', shere to Savannah wa, granted in FY1974($37,333)and FY1975 ($2.704.95) to equal the $78,037.95 local ,hare.

State Grants to Local Areas for
Transit Development and Studies

FY 1974

Sponsor

Typo Program

Atlanta-Mocon Corridor Study

Preliminary feasibility ,tudy of high ,peed surface tronsportatlon between Atlanta a,d Macon

Total Co.t $39,050.00

kdoral

Columbus

Transit operations study to analyze route structure and schedules

$12,500.00

Stato $2,000.00
$38,000.00 $2,000.00
Stato $39,050.00 $6,250.00

Local $9,544.00
$78,037.95"" $2,464.00
local $6,250.00

Georgia Mountains Area rechnical study to define

Planning and Develop- transportation servi( es for

ment Commission

the Gainesville erec

$37,312.00

$24,874.00

56,219.00

$6,219.00

Rome Savannah

Technical study to define anticipated demand for moss transportation services for the Roml: area
Additional funds granted to Savannah for the stote shore in FY 1973 c'Jpital improvement assist'Jnce project

$31,549.00 $468,227.66

$21,033.00 $312,151.77

$5,258.00 $37,333.00

$5,258.00 $78,037.95
ci

FY 1975 C-2

State Grants to Local Areas for
Transit Development and Studies

Sponsor

Type Program

Total COlt

Federal

Albany

Capital assistance (Igreemen' for purchase of equipment

5563,721.00

5450,977.00

Athens

Capitol assistance ugreemen' for acquisition of equipment

51.125.420.00

5900,336.00

Atlonto-Mocon Corridor Additional funding for

Study

special study work

supplementing the

existing workscope

Brunswick

Technical study to define anticipated demand for moss 'ronspor1o'ioft ,.",ices for Brunswit:k and Glynn County

529,700.00

523,760.00

Augusta

Tronsit demonstrotit," assistonce provram to analyze the effect ,1 'ronsit advertising nnd promotion on rider~.hi p

540,000.00

Columbus

Capital assistonce (Igreemen' for acquisition of equipment

51,262,825.00

51.010,260.00

Columbu.

Transit demons'ro'i"n assistance pr09rOITl to analyze the effect al tronsit advertising 'Jnd promotion on transit ridership

550.000.00

Elderly I Handicapped

Development of study to determine feasibility of mass transportation services in the north Georgia and centrol Savannah River Area and de.elap applicatian lar lund. on Sectian 16 (b) (2) transportation for the elderly and handicapped

518.000.00

State 556.372.00 5112,542.00 51,000.00 52,970.00
520.000.00
5126,283.00 525.000.00
59,000.00 . DOT 59.000.00 . DHR

Local 556.372.00 5112,542.00
52,970.00 520.000.00 5126,282.00 525,000.00

Cooltal Area Planning and Development Commiuion

Technical study to define the anticipated demand for mou 'ronsportetion service. for the coostal area

Rome

Capital acquisition agreement for acquisitior. of equipment

Rome

Transit demonstration alli,tance program to analyze the effect 01 t,ansit advertising ond promotion on ridership

Savannah

Additional funds gronted to Savannah to complete the ltate share in FY 1973 capital imp,ov. "'ent assistance projed

$12,000.00 $472,450.00 $13,764.60 $468.227.66

$377,960.00 $312,151.77

$6,000.00 $47,245.00 $6.882.30 $2.704.95

$6,000.00 $47,245.00 $6,882.30 $78,037.95

OFFICE OF MAINTENANCE

listed below are 'he miles of stat. roods resurfaced for the two years ending Juno 30, 1975.

Georgia Highway Authority Maintenance by Contract General Funds Total

1,157.63 miles 667.34 milo. 571.20 miles
2,396.17 milos

Also we list below some of the work activities done by regular mointenance forces during this biennium:

Wo,k Dooc,lptlon

Mea.urement Unit

Total fo, Bionnlum

Spot Patching with Premix

Tons of Mix

33,732

Motor Grader/Spreader Leveling

Tons of Mix

77,036

Blading and Reshaping Shoulders

Shoulde' Mile.

18,754

Reworking Shoulders and [)itches

Shoulder Mile.

11,565

Mowing

Acres

936,940 .

Brush and Tree Cutting

Man-hours

321.914

Chemical Control 01 Grass

Gallons of Mix

667,243

Chemical Control 01 Grass

Man-hours

55,072

Grassing

Man-hours

87,636

litter Service

Man-hours

953,404

Ditching with Gradall

linear Feet

2,269,32B

Clean Minor Drainage

Installations

139.172

Sign Repair

Installations

412,357

Guard Roil Repair

linear Feet

292,023

Curb & Rail Repair

linear Feet

55,375

Structure Pointing

linear Feet

103,764

Winter and Emergency Maintenance

Man-hours

142,996
C-3

MAINTENANCE EXPENDITURES

This table shows the maintenonce eKpenditures for FY 74, and 7S with a brief description of the work included in each item.

Regular Maintenance Machining dirt roads, patching failures in pavement. filling in shoulders on roads, policing right of way, mowing, li"e, cleanup, .redion and maintenance of warning and directional signs, maintenance of roadside parks. repairing bridges and rebuilding slop., and shoulders of roads for additional safety.

Vear Ending June 30, 1974 $35,175.121.77

Routine Maintenance - City Contracts Contrad with designated cities to maintain certain state routes within the city limits.

$897,725.00

Centerline and Bridge Painting Placing centerline. edge stripe and barrier lines on ,aved roads on the State Highway System; painting and special repairs of steel and concrete bridges, including sandblasting and waterproofing where necessary.

$2.913,398.97

Emergency TraHie Control Purchase and installation of various electronic warning devices on the state system.

Other Maintenance Activities Supervision of maintenance, roadside parks, other maintenance activities building, truck weighing.

Aid to Motorists Certain interstate routes are patrolled by state forces on a 2Ahour basis to aid stranded motorists.

$358,519.14

Maintenance by Contract leveling courses and bituminous resurfacing awarded by competitive contracts from maintenance fund transfers.

$8,718,441.30

Contract Maintenance - General Funcl Resurfacing of state roads by contract. Money received from general funds.

$12.98

Reconstruction & Betterments Patching, leveling, resurfacing, maior bridge repairs, special signs and other special improvements by state maintenance forces from special allocations.

$6.136,157.41

TOTAL

$55.698,506.94

Vear Ending June 30, 1975 $36.105.017.19 $907,725.00
$ 108.733.30 $1.389,036.60
$7,305,596.28 $9,288,066.14
$66,223.355.39

(.4

SIGN SHOP - FOREST PARK

The Sign Shop at Forest Pork produces and distributes all highway signs used on the stat. system. By the adoption of on inventory system based on average use by ecch district, overstocking at district levels has been reduced. The demand for signs for the post two fiscal yeors hod continued virtually unchanged. with an increase of slightly over 1 per cent. but the demand for more .xpensive type (she.ting) signs hos increased by 27 per cent.
Biennial period ending 63072 - - 247,321 Biennial period ending 6-3075 - - 249,542 (Including 499 specials) Materiol cosh oyer this period hove escalated an overage of 33 pe~ cent, with petroleum-based commodities (paints. solvents. sheetings) up as much as 38 per cent. Cost of living and merit increases have boosted lobor costs by 15 per cent. The activities of the Sign Shop have been expanded to include the Electriol Facilities Section. This unit's functions include the maintenance of designated expressway lighting, installation of electronic traffic control devices, signals on special projects and work with county and city governments when required.

Sign Production Sign Units 249,942 Specials 10,148 sq. It.

7173 to 63075 State Cost $1,137,951 139, 172 563,427

Reclamotion of used metal is being continued and scrap materials converted to usable items where practical. New, less expensive metal has been approved for use in order to keep operating costs as low as possible, but it is not yet in use.

Here are some of the accomplishments of the Centerline and Bridge Pointing Unit in FY 7475: Placed 122,247 pavement markers Pointed 49,800 miles of centerline and edgeline on the ste-e system Grooved 444.984 square feet of pavement on the stote system
Sanded and pointed 9,675.24 lineor feet of bridges on tht- state system Pointed 2,300 miles of centerline and edoeline on off-syste n roads

Some of the major Items included in the be"erment work during this biennium are: ITEM
Widening existing pavements Bituminous surface treatment (new) Bituminous surface treatment (reseol) Bituminous slurry seal (reseal) Patching. leveling and resurfacing bituminous pavements with plant mix Patching and leveling of pavement (not resurfaced) Roadway grading and drainage Reconstruction of bridges and major bridge repairs Shoulders, ditches and slopes reconstructed Major drainage installations Bituminous shoulders paving Roadside planting and erosion control Resurfacing with cold flux Cottle posses Crock sealing with liquid asphalt Waste water treatment system
cos

Summary of Contracts Awarded by Department of Transportation
FY 1974

Number of bridge. Plant mile surfacing GAB & plant miurfocing 8o,e & plant mi. surfacing Plant mix base & surfacing Grading Widen resurfacing GA .ubbo.e & plant mi. Ba'e & surface "eatment GA .ubbo.e, ba.e & plant mi. GA8 & surface treotment Grade - ba.e Ba.e Concrete paving Bituminous paving Resurfacing Miscellaneous Bridge length Total length all type. of work
Total cost all types of work

74 24.9B5 mile. 35.133 mile. 36.994 mile. 17.019 mile. 204.064 mile. 39.607 mile. 14.797 mile. 32.344 mile.
0.449 mile 2.590 mile. 0.800 mile 238.285 mile. 8.359 mile. 224.895 mile. 352.981 mile. 18.181 mile. 3.023 mile. 1,254.506 mile'

5139,113,171.40

Number of bridges Plont mix surfacing GAB & plant mix surfacing Bose & plont mix surfacing Plant mix bose & surfacing Grading Widen r.surfacing Miscellaneous Bridge length Total length all type, of work
Total cost all type, of work

FederalAid Inte"tat.. Projects
13 24.985 mile'
9100 29.308
8.760 11.904 0.030 15.178 0.282 99.547

555,648,590.09

Federal-Aid Primary Projocts

Number of bridges GAB & plont mix surfacing Bose & plan. mix surfacing Grading Bridge lenglh Ietel lenglh all type, of work

5 5.853 mile'
3.649 0.960 1.702 12.164

T0101 co', all type. of work C-6

516,262,176.72

Numb.r of bridg., GAB & plonl mi. lurfocing GA ,ubbo.. & plonl mi. Bridg. I.nglh Tolol I.nglh all typ.. of work Tolol cost 011 typ., of work
Number of bridg.. GAB & plonl mi. lurfocing Bol. & plant mi. lurfocing Base & surface treatment GA lubbol., bal. & plant mi. GAB & surfoc. Irealm.nl Grading Miscellaneous Bridg. I.nglh T0101 I.nglh all typ., of work T0101 cosl all typ.' of work
GAB & plonl mi. lurfocing Tolol I.nglh all typ., of work T0101 cOil all typ.. of work
Numb.r 01 bridg., Io.e & surface treatment Bridg. '.nglh Tolol I.nglh olltyp., of work Talai coli oil typ.' 01 work
Tolol c.,1 olltyp., of work

FecI...I.Ald U.....n I'rej_ 3
3.473 mil., 1.850 0.155 5.478
FecI_IAld Sec...do., ...., _ 6
3.542 mil., 4.037
29.751 0.449 2.590 3.010 2.234 0.120
45.733
TOl'ICS ....,ect. 1.204 mil., 1.204
APO ".ject. 2
2.593 mil., 0.052 2.645
1m......., R.llef ....,ecto

$11,686,455.47
$8.698.015.12 $2.549,985.54 $4,691,624.24 $1,479,263.65

C7

Number of bridges Groding Grcde . bose Bose Concrete paving Bituminous paving Resurfacing Widen resurfacing Miscellaneous Br;dge length Total length all type. of work
Total cost all types of work
Number of bridges Grading Bose Bituminous paving Resurfacing Widen - resurfacing Miscellaneous Bridge length Total length all type. of work
Total cost all types of work

Post Roads Proit!cts (County Contracts)
34 179.677 mile.
0.800 195.219
2.201 197.900 274.475
6.656 0.751 0.473 858.152
Post Roods Projects (City Contracts)
1 8.099 mile. 23.912 13.496 74.726 1.628 0.018 0.021 121.900

516,160,322.69 52,635,517.24

Number of bridges Bituminous paving Bddge length Total length all type. of work
Tool cost all type. of work

Post Roods Projects (Contract Work)
4.892 m;le. 7.268 0.114 12.274

51,912,000.83

State-Aid Projects (County Contracts)

Grading Base Bituminous paving Resurfacing Widen resurfacing Total length all type. of work

0.414 m;le 3.054 5.661 1.087 2.221 12.437

Total cost all types of work
c-a

51,138,451.17

Bose Totol length 011 type. of work Total cos, all types of work
Number of bridges Bose Bituminous paving 8ridge length T0101 length 011 type. of work Totol cost all types of work
Total Cost all types of work
Totol cost all types of work
Number of bridges Bose Concrete paving Bridge length rete! lenglh 011 type. of work Total cost all types of work
Widen resurfacing Resurfacing Concrete poving 80se GA subbase & plont mix Plont mix base & surfacing GAB & plant mix Total length all types of work Total cost all types of work

State-Aid Projects (City Contracts) 0.062 mile 0.062
State-Aid Projects (Contract Work)
0.812 mile 0570 0.060 1.442
Airport Proiects (County Controcts)
Airport Proiects (City Contracts)
MLP Projects (Contract Work)
6.654 miles 2.968 0.044 9.666
PPL Projects (Contract Work)
29.072 mile. 2.693 3.190 3.680
12.947 8.259 11961 71802

523,152.22 51,823.719.65
$116,510.00 5244.948.00 56,332,696.33
57.709.742.44

Cq

(.10

Summary of Contracts Awarded by Department of Transportation
FY1975

Numbe, of underpass.s Number of bridges Grading GAB & plant mi. Plant mix bose & surfoce 80,. & plont mix surface
Bo,. & concr.'. paving
,Asphaltic concrete bOl. & surface Bas. & surface ',ea'ment Widen r.surfacing Sand bituminous bos. & plont mi. Soil cement bas. & plont mi. surfoce Plant mi. widen . r.,urfacing GAB & surfoce t,eotmen' lose. plan' mix & bituminous surface Grode bo.e Bo.e Bituminous paying R.,ur'acing Concr.t. paving Miscelianeoul Bridge length Total length all type. of war.
Total Co.t all type. of war.
Numbe, of underpasse, Number of bridge. Grodinll GAB & plant mi. Pia". mi. bas. & surface las. & plan. mix surfoce
10,.& concr.t. paving
.. sphaltic caner.'. base & surface Bridge length Miscelloneous Total length all type. of war!<
Total co.t all type. of war.
Numb., of und.rpo"., Numbe, of bridge. GAB & plant mi. lose & surface t,eo,,,,en' Widen . ,esurfacing Bri"ge length Sand bituminous bo.e & plant mi. T0101 length all type. of wo"
Totol cost all type. of wor.

17 146 225.596 mil.. 47.617 12.196 12.Bll 10.285 8.083 15.553 84.515 4.684 1.152 1.415 5.370 1.144 1.625 546.958 263.484 791.434 0.296 320.759 6.170 2.361.147
""erolAi.. In'en'.'. , ..ject.
15 57 17.287 mile. 23.767 7.894 12.255 10.215 8.013 3.605 309.417 392.593
"".Cls .......'.Ai.. fIrl",..,
I 2 13.814 mile. 3.777 0.163 0.110 4.684 22.548

5218.208.641.93 5109.957.989.74 512.715.631.10

Numb., of und.,po.... Numbe, of bridg GAl & plant mi. Soil c.m.nt bo & plant miurfoc. Plant mi. bo.. & surfoc. Plant mix widen & resurfacing lridg. '.ngth Total I.ngth all typ of wort.
Total co,t all type. of wo,k

Fede....AleI UrlNsn I'refecls
I 7 3.51 mil.. 1.152 20462 0.551 0.219 7.8.9

Numb., of bridg Grading GAl & plant mi. Plant mix baut & lurface 10 & .urfoc. t,eatm.nt Plant mia widen . r.surfacing GAl & surfoc. t,.otm.nt 10.. & plant mi. surfoc. lridg. I.ngth Total I.ngth all typ of wort.
Total cost all types of wort.

Feel...I.AleI s.c....." ""feels
10 .2.469 mil
1.299 1.. .0 11.776 0.857 5.12. 0.556 0.256 64.177

Total cost all typ of wort.

TOPIC5 '''Iect.

GAl & plant mi. Totoll.ngth all type. of wort. Total Co.t all typ of wort.
Numb., of bridg GAl & .urfoc. t'.otm.nt GAl & plant mix lridg. I.ngth Toto/ I.ngth all typ of wort. Total co.t all typ of wo,k

AI'D I'roject. 5.173 mil 5.173
Em....nc, 1.llef 'roject.
I 0.246 mil
0.106 0.007 0.359

512,591,816.88
56,815,519.91 5905,950.87
55.569. . . . . 50 5136.670.50

e-n

C-12

Base, plant mix & bituminous surface rete! length all types 01 work Total cost all types of work
Tota I cost all types of work
Total cost all types of work
Number of bridges Grading Grade - bose Bose Bituminous paving Resurfacing length 01 bridges Miscellaneous Tctol length all types 01 work Total cost all types of work
Grading Base Bituminous paving Resurfacing Total length all types of work Total cost all types of work
Number of bridges Grading Bose Resurfacing Bridge length Miscellaneous Total length all types of work Total cost all types of work

DPV Projects

144 miles 1.144

ROS Projects

PMS Projects

Post Roads Proi"cts (County Contracts)
34 158.340 miles
1.625 386.207 157.302 248.953
0.470 5.987 958.884

Post Roads Proj."ts (City Contracts)
3.854 miles 30.413 6.917 98.213
139.397

Post Roads Proittcts (Contract Work)
11 1.350 miles
6.129 0.412 0.786 0.007 8.684

5433,445.95 5776,716.20 51,472.076.60
517,054,163.18 52,396,490.60
56,087,798.70

Number of bridges Grading 80se Bituminous paving 8ridge length Miscellaneous Total length all types of work Total cost all types of work
Bose Widen resurfacing Miscellaneous Total length all types of work Total cost all types of work
Number of bridges Bose Widen - resurfacing Bridge length Total length all types of work Total cost all types of work
Total cost all types of work
Totol cost all types of work
Number of bridges Bose Widen resurfocing Bridge length Total length all types of work Total cost all types of work

State-Aid Proj ..ct. (County Contracls)
1.941 miles 12.804 1.909 0.004 0.348 17.006
State-Aid Project. (City Contracts) 0.523 mile 1.208 5.000 6.731
State-Aid Project. (Contract Work)
1 1.037 miles
0.560 0.007 1.604
Airport Proiects (County Contro<Is)
Airport Proiects (City Contracts)
MLP Projects (Contract Wor.)
16.761 miles 1.1BO 0.076
18.017

5657.191.59 5477.997.32
51.246.330.30 533.036.39
5290.516.00 59.494.017.22

C-13

C-14

Bose Widen resurfacing Total length all types 01 work Totol cost all types of work
Bose Total length all types 01 work Tetc! cost all types of work
Number of bridges Grading Bose 8ridge lenglh Total length all types 01 work Total cost all types of work
Resurfacing Tolallenglh all types 01 work Totol cost all types of work
Bose Bituminous poving Resurfacing Widen resurfacing Tetel length all types 01 work Ietel casl all types 01 work
Resurfacing Tolal length all types 01 work T0101 coot all types 01 work

PPI. Proj..I. (Conlroct Work)
32.900 miles 5.5.6
38 . 6
lural load Projotct. (Counly Contrad.)
. 980 mile. . 980
GOB Projocl. (Conlract Work)
11 0.355 mile
3.161 0.335 3.851
5AMA Projecl. (Conlract Work)
22.920 miles 22.920
GOS Proj..I. (Conlract Work)
0.269 mile 18.550
269.220 30.210
3.5.2.9
GOU Praj..I. (Counly Conlrad.)
6. 938 miles
~.938

S.,9.2.851..0 581.122.68
52.907,769.2 5525.068.00
5 7 . 2 . 2 , 8 . 1 . 58.9.68U8

Resurfacing Total lenglh all type. of work Total co.1 all type. of work
Number of bridge. Bose Concrete paving Widen a resurfacing Bridgo length T0101 longth all typos of work TOIOI cosl all types of work
Number of bridges Bo.e Bituminous poving Resurfacing Bridge length Total length all type. of work Total cost all type. of work
Widen resurfacing Total length all type. of work Total cost all types of work

GOU ""joe," (City Cenlrach)
9.112 milos 9.112
GOU "ojecls (Cenlrad Work)
1 21.773 mile.
0.296 1.538 0.007 23.61.
GOR Prejoets (Cenlrael Work)
B 30.001 mile.
78.806 50.666 0.288 159.761
GOS Projecls (No CenlroclJ
. 110 mile. . 110

S176,551.50 $7,039,167." $.,5B6,889.83
$ 3 , 8 8 8 . 3 9

C-15

C16

MOTOR VEHICLE REGISTRATIONS IN GEORGIA 1910 - 1975

(Publicly-owned vehicles not included for years prior to 1925; mctorcyctes and troilers not included for yeors prior to 1968)

Year 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962

Automobile. 4,400 5,870 12,950 16,480
20,115 24,000 44,025 66,824 99,676 127,000 134,000 118,476 126,498 151.420 181,413 218,271 242,691 263.404 278,673 311,255 295,373 275,502 246,694 280,047 315,764 327,120 336,968 362,311 358,124 386,477 413,541 461.815 444,878 421.497 425,196 420,046 451,626 501,401 542.480 605,978 693,821 754,040 800,463 848,514 894,392 988,079 1.017.383 1,056,708 1.079.762 1.154.425 1.221.538 1.261.014 1.354,105

Buses
2.155 2.067 2.161 2.631 2.612 2.717 3.731 4.045 4.150 3.775 4.335 4.484 4,782 5,088 5,052 5,188 5.475 5.643 6.170 6.314 6.487 6.566 6.861 6.714 6.811 7.218 7.314 7.403 7.474

Truck. 90 190
620 710 800 1.000 2.000 3,500 5,000 10.000 12.000 13.500 16.925 22.469 26.275 32.278 37.378 39.946 42,981 50,821 49.510 48,758 45,035 54.691 64,243 70.129 77,130 83.292 77,736 87,310 93.156 100.352 97.240 94.513 98.684 106.242 126.592 151.817 168,755 181.225 198.222 209.484 215.089 226.575 232.649 244.273 249.019 256.866 261.830 274.216 283.266 290.764 306.527

Trailers

Motrocycle.

Total 4.490 6.060 13.570 17.190 20.915 25.000 46.025 70.324 104.676 137.000 146.000 131.976 143.423 173.889 207.688 250.549 280.069 303.350 321.654 362.076 344.883 324.260 291.729 334,738 382.162 399.316 416.259 448.234 438.472 476.504 510.428 566.212 546.268 519.785 528.215 530.772 583.000 658.306 716.287 792.391 897.518 969.167 1.021.722 1.081.403 1.133.528 1.238.918 1.273.263 1.320.288 1.348.403 1.435.859 1.512.118 1.559.181 1.668.106

Year
1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975

Automobiles
1,442,735 1.537,430 1,616,135 1,702,212 1,745,723 1,870,581 1.996,865 2,064,767 2,192,888 2,372.825 2,549,981 2,588,054 2,537,095

Buses
7,651 7,636 7,514 7,783 7,745 8,195 8,246 8,565 10,466 11,354 12,903 13,854 13,949

Truck.
324,511 346,161 366,495 389,252 410,899 442,289 479,535 508,282 545,198 575,442 607,931 659,201 646,125

Trailers

Motorcycles

134,758 151,844 167,471 187,349 203,296 182,594 173,826 169,014

33,329 42,091 52,180 65,988 70,475 90,454 95,980 98,766

Total
1,774,897 1,891,227 1,990,144 2,099,247 2,164,367 2,489,150 2,678,581 2,801,265 3,001.889 3,233,392 3,443,863 3,530,915 3,464,949

Department of Transportation Division of Planning and Programming
In Cooperation With U. S. Department of Transportation
Federal Highway Administration
Public Rood Mileage in Georgia, 0\ of July 1, 1975, danified by County, State Highway System and County Rood System.

County

Certified State Highway Sy.tem
Mil~age

County Road Sy.tem Mileage

Appling Atkinson Bacon Boker Baldwin Bonks Borrow Bartow Ben Hill Berrien Bibb Bleckley Brantley Brooks Bryon Bulloch Burke Buth Calhoun Camden Candler Carroll Catoosa Charlton Chatham Chattahoochee Choncoqo Cherokee Clarke

125.79 8288 64.52 77.30 8735 11305 10385 154.49 7802 11932 178.82 76.99 9505 12485 98.77 15434 20322 6053 99.46 126.31 63.53 165.56 70.40 11553 152.08 3816 78.48 139.95 5626

880.06 408.06 485.00 30203 351.55 296.41 30423 756.91 343.48 653.81 27566 308.02 417.15 59173 224.63 1091.64 87680 309.58 25916 25670 371. 38 989.92 313.01 23879 415.23
59.44 400.65 64362 237.97

Include\ Mdpoge rn SlolI' Parlr.\ NoT,o"al Fore\f\ and Store Re\erliot,on\

Total Public Road Mileage
1005.85 490.94 549.52 379.33 438.90 409.46 40808 911.40 421.50 773.13 454.48 385.01 512.20 716.58 323.40 1245.98 108002 370.11 35B62 383.01 434.91 1155.48 383.41 35432 567.31
97.60 479.13 78357 294.23

County
Clay Clayton Clinch Cobb Coffee Colquitt Columbia Cook Coweta Crawford Crisp Dade Dawson Decotur DeKalb Dodge Dooly Dougherty Douglas Eorly Echol, Effinghom Elbert Emanuel Evans Fannin Fayette Floyd For\ytn

Certified State

Highway Sy.tem

County Road

Mileage Sy.tem Mileage

5321 104.55 151.17 185.00 196.76 140.44 12220 69.16 139.11 69.17 97.30 105.81 102.37 238.98 191.46 148.66 132.15 117.03
78.17 167.76 91.55 99.77 94.16 210.94
71.36 96.84 B4.16 144.01 111.07

17826 395.06 453.35 1087.80 807.63 834.59 38902 40395 644.45 33620 518.98 192.71 207.30 633.63 1490.45 713.31 704.12 298.84 439.25 522.84 207.43 468.99 52653 887.49 251.16 40B.70 314.07 725.05 481.79

Total Public Road Mileage
231.47 499.61 60452 1272.80 1004.39 975.03 511.22 473.11 783.56 405.37 616.28 298.52 309.67 872.61 1681.91 861.97 836.27 415,87 517.42 690.60 298.98 568.76 620.69 1098.43 322,52 505.54 39823 B69.06 592.86
C-l7

County
Fronklin Fulton Gilmer Glascock Glynn Gordon Gr o dv Greene Gwinnett Habersham Hall Hancock Haralson Harris Hart Heard Henry Houston Irwin Jackson Jasper Jeff Davis Jefferson Jenkins Johnson Jones Lomor Lanier laurens
lee liberty lincoln long lowndes Lumpkin McDuffie Mcintosh
Macon Madison Morion Meriwether Miller Mitchell Monroe Montgomery Morgon Murray Muscogee Newton Oconee Oglethorpe Paulding Peach Pickens
Cla

Certified State

Highway System

County Road

Mileage System Mileage

Total Public Road Mileage

170.75 351.05
76.74 40.21 12592 13944 142.29 98.72 209.54 112.95 22970 79.00 7689 160.71 9347 71.20 13380 14389 82.04 196.92 13813 7941 186.91 81.10 85.44 8580 54.74 9360 262.70 9273 83.50 79.40 66.59 187.16 84.19 89.15 94.83 149.64 108.47 131.63 171.35 64.73 207.27 157.67 9293 98.38 10990 97.34 145.03 57.93 77.64 114.21 61.34 89.56

423.38 87664 36072 18541 281.97 52339 56822 417.50 109280 39539 89724 450.78 475.62 418.18 542.64 348.05 641.66 40355 482.12 521.36 38529 498.63 565.03 42028 428.93 394.84 32070 210.82 1079.79 33626 20222 260.40 204.67 82198 290.46 352.34 152.15 431.31 55236 297.90 608.04 39787 63095 402.08 31388 441.36 374.00 29741 417.09 275.59 494.06 482.14 21611 342.30

594.13 122769
43746 22562 407.89 66283 71051 51622 1302.34 50834 112694 529.78 55251 57889 636.11 419.25 77546 547.44 564.16 718.28 52342 578.04 751 94 501.38 51437 480.64 375.44 30442 1342.49 42899 285.72 33980 27126 1009.14 374.65 44149 246.98 58095 66083 429.53 77939 462.60 838.22 559.75 406.81 539.74 483.90 394.75 562.12 333.52 571.70 596.35 27745 431.86

County
Pierce Pike Polk Pulaski Putnam Quitman Rabun Randolph Richmond Rockdale Schley Screven Seminole Spalding Stephens Stewart Sumter Talbot Taliaferro fattnal! Toylor Telfair Terrell Thomas Tift Toombs Towns Treutlen Troup Turner Twiggs Union UpOj,on Wolker Wolton Wore Warren Washington Wayne Webster Wheeler White Whitfield Wilcox Wilkes Wilkinson Worth
TOTAL

Certified State

Highway System

County Road

Mileage System Mileage

Total Public Road Mileage

74.33 66.55 7230 113.19 104.53 42.90 64.73 84.28 119.32 56.86 58.45 127.23 89.33 67.52 83.87 102.83 181.07 133.48 62.81 160.75 15980 154.03 9070 200.72 91.43 159.80 54.82 99.22 179.94 93.70 107.95 93.22 75.52 173.39 107.58 135.58 101.07 162.34 109.50 51.45 83.96 102.67 9776 115.10 100.72 123.24 154.84
-------~-
18281.29

491.09 342.92 521.92 255.19 341.71 117.36 374.40 383.10 626.08 321.17 178.12 631.46 327.18 420.51 330.37 311.09 530.05 304.85 168.49 665.68 394.08 393.75 385.03 602.91 51639 46381 153.08 291.89 502.12 425.16 30551 324.97 455.44 593.30 59829 646.45 326.47 732.38 660.50 21290 304.19 253.25 588.97 490.02 419.11 34680 776.53
72597.47

565.42 409.47 594.22 368.38 446.24 160.26 439.13 467.38 745.40 378.03 236.57 758.69 416.51 488.03 41424 413.92 711.12 438.33 231.30 826.43 553.88 547.78 475.73 803.63 607.82 623.61 207.90 391.11 682.06 518.86 413.46 418.19 530.96 766.69 705.87 782.03 427.54 894.72 770.00 264.35 388.15 355.92 686.73 605.12 51983 470.14 931.37
90878.76

1ttttie~,.$taft.$ O~mtrttw

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT BUREAU

The Bureau of Re.each and Oevelopment conducted orsupervi.ed the fallowing studies during FY 1974-75. Same of the project. were initiated before July I, 1973, but were completed or ongoing afterward,.

PROJECT NO.

PROJECT TITLE

6303

Small Watershed Study

RESEARCH AGENCY
u. S. Geologicol Survey

6701 6801

Wet Night Visibility Study

Georgia Tech Research Institute and State Highway Department of Georgia (Division of Planning and Programming)

Revision, Codification ond Compilation University of Georgia (School of low) Georgia Highway laws

STATUS STARTING OATECOMPlETION OATE

Active

lQ.23-63

33176

Complete

801-67

701-75

Complete

7-01-68

1231-73

6802

Skid Resistance of Highway Pavement Surfaces

State Highway Department of Georgia (Division of Materials and Tests)

Complete

lQ.24-68

4-30-74

6903

Rigid Pavement Joints and Sealants Study

State Highway Department of Georgia (Division of Materials and Tests)

Complete

9-16-70

6-01-75

6907

Selection, Establishment and Maintenonce of Vegetation for Erosion Control of Roadside Areos in Georgia

University of Georgia (Department of Agronomy) and State Highway Georgia (Division of Planning)

Active

lQ.1S-69

831-77

7005

Development of an Urbon PeakHour Tralfic Model 8ased an the 1970 Census and Concurrent Ground Counts

Georgia Institute of Technology (School of Civil Engineering)

Active

1-06-71

Indefinite

7101

Development of a Synthetic S.otewide State Highway Deportment of Georgia

Trip Table

(Division of Highway Planning)

Complete

6-01-71

6-01-75

7104

Pavement Faulting Study

State Highway Department of Georgia (Division of Materials and Tests)

Complete

5-01-71

11-01-75

7106

Development of a Program for Statistical State Highway Department of Georgia Evaluation of Compressive Strength of (Division of Materials and Tests) Ready Mix Concrete

Complete

7-08-71

5-15-74

7107

Dynamic Study on the Bearing Capacity of Piles

Case Western Reserve University Cleveland. Ohio

Complete

901-71

8-14-75

7108

Vehicle Classification Systems Study

State Highway Deportment of Georgia (Division of Highway Planning)

Complete

4-15-72

6-30-74

7110

Determination of Desirable Finis!' for Concrete Pavements

State Highway Deportment of Georgia (Division of Materials and Tests)

Active

1101-71

Indefinite

7111

Determination of Retaining Wall Pressures and Movements

State Highway Deportment of Georgia (Division of Materials and Tests)

Complete

9-11-72

2-11-74

7202

Development of a System for Evaluating Battelle Columbus laboratories the Environmental Impacts of Highways in Georgia

Complete

1-01-73

4-03-74

7203

Development and Evaluation of a Motorist-Aid System

Gamewell Division of Gulf & Western Systems Company

Complete

1-01-74

6-28-75

7205

Development of a Multi-Modal Transportation Planning System

Roy Jorgensen Associates. Inc. and Georgia Department of Transportation (Division of Planning and Programming)

Active

5-01-74

7-01-76

C-19

PROJECT NO.

PROJECT TITLE

RESEARCH AGENCY

STATUS

STARTING DATE COMPLETION DATE

7301 7303 7304
7305
7402
1-72 273 4-73 5-73 6-73
'74 274 3-74 474 C-20

Surface Treatment Study
Development of a Transportotion Planning land Use Model
Devs-topment of a Right-of.Way Cost Model

Georgia Deportment of Transportation (Office of Materials and Tests)
Georgia Deportment of Transportation and University of Georgia (School of Business Administration)
Georgia Deportment of Transportation (Office of Planning I and Georgia Institute of Technology (Deportment of Industrial Management)

Active Active Active

Development of Equipment and Techniques for Evoluating Fatigue and Rutting Characteristics of Asphaltic Concrete

Georgia Tech Research Institute

Active

The Impact of on Expanding Transportation Network on Potential Economic Development locations in the North Georgia Area

Georgia Deportment of Transportation and University of Georgia (School of Geography)

RESEARCH ASSISTANCE PROJECTS

Special Rural Arterial Truck Weight Study Research and Development Bureau, Georgia Deportment of Transportation

Active Active

Development of Socio-Economic Impact-Process System

Battelle Columbus laboratories

Complete

Highway Noise

Georgia Department of Transportation (Office of Planning)

Active

Socio-Economic Consequences of the Appalachian Highway on the North Georgia Area

Interplan, Inc.

Complete

A Study to Determine the Feasibility of Using Remote Sensing Techniques to Prevent Ship Collisions with Selected Drawbridges in Georgia

Georgia Institute of Technology

Complete

Development and Implementation of a Priority Analysis Procedure for Ranking Transportation Improvement Projects

Georgia Deportment of Transportation (Research and Development Bureau)

A Study on Possible Impacts of Fuel Shortage on Transportation in the State of Georgia

Georgia Deportment of Transportation (Research and Development Bureau)

Complete Active

Multidisciplinary Studies of High Accident locations -- A Pilot Study in the Seventh District

Georgia Department of Transportation (Research and Development Bureau)

Terminated

Evaluation of Video Camero Analysis Techniques

Georgia Deportment of Transportation (Research and Development Bureau)

Complete

501-74 1-15-74 215-74

7-01-76 11-30-76
1-0176

40175

90176

508-75

6-30-76

6-72 216-73
573 3-1573
121573

Indefinite
80173 1-01-76 93074
40674

174

70175

174

Indefinite

174

50175

41575

12-74

NATIONAl COOPERATIVEOR "POOlEOFUNO" PROJECTS

PROJECT NO.

PROJECT TITLE

RESEARCH AGENCY

5-74 6-74

Development of a Cor Pooling Program Georgia Institute of Technology for Georgia

State-ol-the-Art Study 01 Two-Way left Turn lones

Georgia Deportment of Transportation (Research end Development Bureau; Office of Traffic Engineering and Safety)

7-74 1-75 2-75 375

Equipment Evaluation and Selection for Georgia Deportment of Transportation

Interstate Truck Weighing Stations

(Research end Development Bureau)

Roadway Il'lventory Techniques

Georgia Deportment of Transportation (Research end Development Bureau)

Evaluation of Overspeed Worning

Georgia Department of Transportation

Device on 1-75 -- 185 Near North Avenue(Reseorch and Development Bureau)

Freeway Wrong-Way Entry Study

Georgia Deportment of Transportation (Research and Development Bureau)

STATUS

STARTING OATE

COMPLETION OATE

Complete

4-1574

930-74

Complete

4-74

12-74

Active Active Active Active

6-74 774 5-75 5-75

Indefinite Indefinite
1-76 6-76

HPR21113)

Railroad

Highway Grode Crossing StudySystems Development Corporation Santa Monica. Calif.

HPR-2 (1141

Concrete Median Barriers

Utah Stcte University

HPR-211161

Rural Two-lone Highway Operational Improvements

DOT Transportation Systems Center
Cambridge. Moss

Complete Active Active

1972
1972 1974

1974
1975 1976

C-21

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

C-22

I

~.

GENERAL OGLET H O R P E

J~m<.' 1-~(lk';Ir(1 0KJ('lhorp<" was born in EnKland n e a r the e-nd nf

the 17th C('nIlU)' (;I( III.II d .ur o hw u r e) . o f "(,,~Ihh)' and aided

lJa r t"nt '\, .IIltI '010";1' ((ltJ('~tI("et dt Eton .)lut Cnrptu Chriui Collt"gt"

()Xnrcl uiver sit y).

..

I l r Wd~ ('1("(ft,(1 In Par hamenr . where he ,\cnc...1 a IUlal of 32

1 (".H ~ ( I1IU\ ' o f whirh WI"U,' a fte r he rerut ned home- hum (;('urgia).
It" c..lIy evinced .1 r o tx e-t n for til t' ,ufh-rmg fir the poor a n d

(lPPf(~\("d .

~\' h (" n KillK ( ;('01 gl' II iwued (; ('orHi;:,', dld rlt"f u n June 9. 1732 .

P.uliallll"1II 1';1.lIJl t' t) In ,()OH. pound s ~u'rlinK and O gle th or pe

himwolr fUlIlJ l h u l t"f t .1 co n sid e ra b le amount In his drea m .

File m unlh ... 1.11("1 a grnllp of \011lt" 12fl ( u lull i, ,, vet , ..iI fro m

Engl.uul wirh 0KlelhuqM: ., t he F.xccuwr- t hr only nile o r the

origin.11 2 1 Tn".IC'(,~ tn make" the \ o )';tge ,

Th e ba nd I.lIl1l(,.I ,II Ch;ult"s Town, S , C . a fter d \'O)"'Kt" or o ve r

dK hl wee kc. 1\ \ l1u ll p.ucy che n !'Oai'Ct'I d uw n Iht. CH~.u1 10 the Savannah Ri\t'I , whic h t h t'Y a~ e-nded il l m al l hUdl ' until Ih~ y

f(',fIlhC'd hig h hluff IW.1f the Ind idn \'il b~(' u f Yama r raw (p.u t o r

tilt" (';u 'rk " alinn ). Their Chief. Tomoehir hi . III.Hle' a n e al )' wit h

Oglrt llllllH". ){r.tnlinK cer tain land rur the- ColulI)', 'The two

leaders h('eUlU" Iifr .lung Ir iends .

Febmarv I:.? 17:t'1. IS the rou nding d a le uf Savannah . (rh us r ~I .lhJj\hiIlK IlIl' rh ir teeu tb Amee ica n Culoll)). :am i wilh ill a yea r

Iht IO\lo'1i had fou r 'qu,U('\ laid n ut . two on Bu ll Suret an d IWo o n

1\,1 111.11 11 . :'\('arh' ,I hundred sma ll hui ld ings. ind ud ing a ')Ilhlic SIUTt. Publi c ~t i ll . Cmlll H cUI\(' . Tabe r nac le, Pd u olla g C' . H o u se

fur Slr.mgef\. Fort , ( ~ u ;u d Ho u \(' . \\'r ll . Pal isad e v ;u 1I1 Cra ne h ad

been completed .

.

II won Ili5l befor e the o ri ginal twtllty fourl h \(IUafC' Was

llul1plt'lrct. ,\ IIOU" two h und red a nd fifty ) t"a n lat er rh e lown 3S

orig llldll)' I;,i d nut 'Iii( e x isl ~ . ",ilh bUI (r:w e );('e p rin n'i .

The gt'nills o f Og lc t hn r pc:'s pl an lay in sCT vin g IWI) purpn~ 50

serving a.. J mi lita ry o ut po st. a nd pr oviding a method o f

t"xp,uuiun lUI Krn""t h in orde rly IIniu . ).tan y rheo r ies ~x i ~1 as 10

hi" mi~ind l invpir.uiou-e-among th e -m is a " Pla n n r the O ld and

:'\r't'li ell> tlf I'c kill~ ) C ~lrlrCJpoli o f C hi na ". a p ri m o f whk h wa s

rou t.uue-d ill Jo hn C.lInpbr ll's ('di tion u f " Vo yag cs dlld Tra ve ls".

S('\lo' }o] )('II("/ ('r . Frf'dt"rit-a , Das-ie-n. T he' hamlets u f H a m e ste ad .

H ig hgau'. Aben o m. J ost'ph 's T own a nd Thund erbolt-c-all re -

,('ti\'(r1 h elp fro m Og lethor pe in their o r igin al layouts . O nl y

.n arit'll a nd fhllu.terhoh ('xist as tow n s lUcia)'.

Colonial f(' !onions hegan 10 su ffer IIndt'r Ih e incrr:~ \i ngly

rruric li\ C' la 'l( a nd rraete 41((50. Mo re eXJ)Cl rI~ o f r;,w ma le riah, were

dt'mandrd \lo'hilt' mort' ,l m l mo rt' [nKlish ma n u fadurtcl gooch

""rrr lor ced till 11ll'l oIOllit"\ . :('o rg(' II relinqu is hed Ihe Ihro nt" to

his gralHhnn . Grnrge III in 1760 . A her h is 3({('ssinn . Crorg e II I

rr lit'li on \("\r r;,1 millie-teu before t'stahli\ hing Lord :'\onh 3 50 h is

~,(hi ....)r. T ht r~nlki('s o f Lord ~urch \lo'(' u ' tyra n nica l an d d ic.J lIIor t'

lo in\pirr f(,\-nlurion than to qu('11 Ih(' t \'er innC'a~i n g ti d t o f

unrest.

Th(' Culoni~u rC'\C'l1trd Ih(' lu I-. of mili ldr)' prot('( tion hom (h e

C ro wn and l h (' " So n s uf Liherl y- heRan 10 o rganilf: and g ro w.
On Jan uar)' rH. 1776 (;m,('r nor \Vrighr W in '''' ('!It'd 3nd Ihr

Rt'\'oh lliollisIS be gan for mi n g th d r own guv e r n m e lll . T h e l\rid sh

Fo rer s l'a plUr~d Su nbuC)' in 177X .tn d ;anothe r Br it ish Fo rc(' h MJl

Sa\ ',1I1 Il.th , 8\' 17 79 Ihe)' \('. ,C'd I\ u g u !tla . f(lr <in~ Ih(' fC'hd c, imn ltlt' bac k co u ntn . T hr Rri l i~h sho rt ly ('"..<U31C'(1 Au gw,l a .
n. I(,(,dptured it in I~ only 10 t~ dri \'Cn' nu l agai n in 178 1.

The C~nrgla As,rmhl)' rtC" lahl isht'el 51.-le go \'crnmrlll in

.\. ugusl d unl iJ 17M2 . wh en Ih(' B r i l i ~ h c\,'ac ua tC'd SavOlnnOil h. ;.and

C ('orgia .11 I'UI wa \ a fr('r an d ~)\'('rC'i Kn Sla lt' .

L \ t.
. 1.
&

-- ~ -,....,~

'1>

_

._ ~
. ...-
....
..'

.... .... .-'

t
Gu L

National Transp ortation Week was highlighted by music from the 175-m ember Ne wton County High School Band. as well as visits f rom m ore than 700 children who wanted to learn mo re about tran sp ortation in Georgia.