Twenty-second report of the State Highway Department of Georgia to the Governor and General Assembly of the State of Georgia for the fiscal years ending June 30, 1947, and June 30, 1948 [1948]

Twenty-Second Report
OF TilE
STATE WGHWAY DEPARTMENT
OF. GEORGIA. TOTIIB
Governor and General Assembly of the State of Georgia
:lOR '1'IIB FISCAL YEARS ENDING JUNE 30, 1947, AND JUNE 80. 1848

Twenty-Second Report
OF THE
STATE IIIGHWAY DEPARTMENT
OF GEORGIA TO THE
Governor and General Assembly of the State of Georgia
FOR THE FISCAl, YEARS ENDING JUNE 30, 1947, AND .JUNE 30. 1948

Lake Chatuge in Hiawassee on State Route 75. North Georgia abounds in beautiful scenery which is made easily accessible by State Highways.

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia

1

Letter of Transmittal
Atlanta, Georgia October 1, 1948
His Excellency, Honorable M. E. Thompson, Acting Governor of the State of Georgia, Atlanta, Georgia.
Dear Governor Thompson:
It is my pleasure and honor to transmit for your consideration and approval the twenty-second biennial report of the State Highway Department of Georgia, covering its activities during the period from July 1, 1946, to June 30, 1948.
I believe that the details of the report will be found of interest to you, to the members of the General Assembly, and to the citizens of the State, since the inner workings of the Department are described and the accomplishments of this vital part of the State government are outlined.
Your attention is directed to the accompanying letter from Mr. W. R. Nee!, Deputy Director and State Highway Engineer. The matters discussed in his letter are worthy of careful consideration by our officials and citizens.
It has been a great pleasure to me to be of such service as was possible in carrying on a great road improvement program and your friendly cooperation in our efforts has been greatly appreciated.
The cordial and sympathetic advice and assistance of the officers and members of the State Highway Commission have been most helpful.
From the staff and employees of the Highway Department we have had ready response to all demands, however strenuous, and their loyalty and interest have been invaluable.
I submit this report with my recommendation that it be accepted and furnished to members of the General Assembly, and that it be made available to the citizens of our State.
Sincerely yours,
JOHN C. BEASLEY State Highway Director

2

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia

Letter of Transmittal
Atlanta, Georgia October 1, 1948
Honorable John C. Beasley, Director, State Highway Department of Georgia, Atlanta, Georgia.
Dear Mr. Beasley:
I have the honor of submitting for your review and approval the twenty-second report of the State Highway Department covering its activities during the period from July 1, 1946, to June 30, 1948.
The period covered in this report has been one of great highway department activity, as evidenced in the summary of contracts awarded, and work completed.
Since the creation of the Highway Department our State has invested in its State-interest roads and bridges the great sum of $330,186,105 in completed work of all construction types. Good business judgment points to the need for keeping this investment adequately protectd through ample maintenance appropriations, administered and expended through a trained organization well provided with the materials and equipment needed to keep the roads and structures in good condition.
Provision must be made for replacement of worn-out sections of paved roads. Those sections not satisfactorily serving the traffic demands now being imposed should be rebuilt to adequate capacity.
To determine the needs for all classes of motor-vehicle transportation facilities, it is believed that a State-wide analysis shouH be undertaken under proper direction and control in which every type of road and street system should be considered, and all classes of transportation interests should participate. Engineering studies to establish the extent of needed improvements should be completed. Financing plans should be developed, and administrative management and control plans firmly established. Proper Legislative sanction and control of such an enormous undertaking appears to be a necessity.
At this time, when much interest and discussion are aroused regarding proposals for revising the tax laws, and much work is being done toward the needed improvement of the school systems and advancement of other

TwentySecond Report, State Highway Department of Georgia

3

State services, it is very essential that the needs of that other of the State's most vital and necessary governmental activity-its highway transportation facilities-should not be overlooked.
Much care and attention has been devoted to the building up of an adequately trained organization to carry on the many duties of the departments. The loyalty and faithfulness to duty of the employees of the Department have been outstanding.
Your effective and friend1y interest and wise direction and advice have enabled all of us to do a most effective job, and the Department has set an enviable record of achievement during this period.
This report is recommended for your acceptance and transmittal to the Governor.
Respectfully,
W. R. NEEL Deputy Director and State Highway Engineer

~ ,~~~-~-~--------

4 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia

Table of Contents

Pae;c No.

Letter of TransmittaL................................................................................................................... 1

State Highway Directors and Members of State Highway Commission (l

Organization Personnel

Organization Chart ..................

8

History of the Organization of the Highway Department... ..................... 11

Members of State Highway Board, 1919-1943. ...................................... ........ 14

Members of State Highway Commission, 1943-1948..

15

State Highway Directors, 1943-1948.

16

State Highway Engineers, 1919-1948..

17

U. S. Public Roads Administration

19

Administrative Division

................... .............................................. 21

The Federal-Aid Highway Program

.. ................................................ 27

Highway Systems.....

37

Legal Division ...... .

Field Divisions....

57

Division of Bridge and Road Design........ .. ............. ... ... .....

59

Division of Construction and Surveys.......

.......................... ........................... 63

Division of Urban Projects........... ......................

67

Division of Contracts and Offtce Management........

69

Division of Right-of-Way.

...................

79

Division of Materials and Tests...... ...................... .................

81

Division of Maintenance, Equipment and Warehouse.....................

84

Post Roads Division

86

Division of Highway Planning....

89

Limitations of Weight and Size of Motor Vehicles. . .. ..................

97

History of the State Highway Department of Georgia.....

103

Division of Finance and Audits.........................

124

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia

5

Tables and Charts

Organization Chart _____ --------------

Page No.
8

Map of the Congressional Districts ----------------

----------------------------------------- 10

Mileage of State Highway System by Type of Surface

--------------------- 21

Road-User Revenue and Appropriations for Road Purposes, 1937-1947 25

Apportionment of Federal-Aid Highway Funds to Georgia, 1917-1948 34

Map of the National System of Interstate Highways in Georgia

42

Mileage of State Highway System, 1920-1948______ _ ______ ------------------

44

Mileage of State Highway System by Counties_____ __________ __________

45

Motor Fuel Used for Highway Purposes, 1925-1947

------------------------ 49

Motor-Vehicle Registration in Georgia, 1910-1947 _____ ______ --------------- 51

Map of the Five Field Divisions______

_____ _ _______ ___ ------------------------------ 56

Summary of Contracts Awarded, 1947-1948._ __________________ ------------------------------- 73

Contracts Awarded by Type of Construction, 1947

-------------------------------- 74

Contracts Awarded by Type of Construction, 1948.____________________________________

76

Traffic Flow Map

____ ---------------- --------

88

MonthIy Variation of Rural Traffic in Georgia, 1938-1948.___________.........

94

Illustration of Limits of Weight and Size of Motor Vehicles...---------- 96

County Receipts and Expenditures for Roads and Bridges, 1940-1946 98

Costs of Construction of Roads and Bridges, 1920-1948..................

102

Financial Statements for Fiscal Year Ending June 30, 1947........................ 128

Financial Statements for Fiscal Year Ending June 30, 1948------------ 148

6 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia

State Highway Directors
1947. 1948
GEORGE T. McDONALD, Engineer-Director Oct. 5, 1945, to Jan. 18, 1947 W. R. NEEL, Director
Jan. 18, 1947, to March 20, 1947 JOHN C. BEASLEY, Director
March 20, 1947, to June 4, 1948 W. R. NEEL, Engineer-Director
June 4, 1948~Still in office June 30, 1948.

State Highway Commission

June 30, ] 948

JUDSON J. MILAM, Chairman

MOSE W. GORDON, Vice-Chairman

A. E. YOUNG, Secretary

GEORGE M. BAZEMORE W. GERUE DUNN J. DAVID DYER MOSE W. GORDON LEON HOUSTON WILLARD H. LARISCY

JUDSON J. MILAM L. ROY ROBINSON FURMAN D. SMITH, SR. MAURICE W. TIFT C. R. VAUGHN A. E. YOUNG

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia

i

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT Organization Personnel
June 30, 1948

W. R. NEEL, Engineer-Director TOM WISDOM, Treasurer HENRY N. PAYTON, Assistant Attorney General E. L. REAGAN, Assistant Attorney General . M. H. BLACKSHEAR, JR., Assistant Attorney General A. V. SHELTON, Assistant Highway Engineer JOHN M. WILKERSON, JR., Assistant Highway Engineer W. F. ABERCROMBIE, Engineer of Materials and Tests R. E. ADAMS, Right-of-Way Engineer S. P. ALLISON, Construction Engiwer J. H. ARCHER, Urban Engineer C. F. BOND, Assistant Engineer C. N. CROCKER, Bridge Engineer ROY A. FLYNT, State Director, Division of Highway Planning J. A. KENNEDY, Road Design Engineer F. P. KING, Director, Post Roads Division C. W. LEFTWICH, Maintenance Engineer R. W. McCRUM, Office Engineer L. W. VERNER, State Locating Engineer

DIVISION ENGINEERS
W. H. JACKSON, Division No. l, Gainesville R. G. RAY, JR., Division No. 2, Augusta A. L. de TREVILLE, Division No.3, Macon R. P. NORRIS, Division No. 4, Tifton J. 0. BACON. Divif'ion No. S. Swanmh

Scene along the highway between Thomasville and Quitman.
Photo by Edgar Orr. Atlanta

State Highway Department of Georgia Organization Chart 1948

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA
ORGANIZATION CHART 1948

~--
.-------~----, STATE HIGHWAY COMMISSION
CONSISTING OF
VICF CHAIRMM~ SECRETARY
ANO NINE OTHER MEMBERS

PEOPLE
]_ _ _

1 GOVERNOR
--------1
I TREASURER

DRAWN BY DIVISION OF HIGHWAY PLANNING JUNE 1948

RESIOENT ENGINEERS
SPECIAL MAINTENANCE OUTFITS
PATROLMEN, EOUI PMENT OPERATORS,
LABORERS

APPROVED

4,~~---
STATE HIGHWAY TREASURER

APPROVED

ENGINEER- DIRECTOR

Top , wooden bridge over Little Sweet Water Creek on Baxley-Blackshear wad, State Route 121 , which has been replaced with concrete bridge shown
at bottom. Project F-2717 (3).

10 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia

T E NN

N

c

STATE

HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT or
GEORGIA

OUTLIN( MAP SHOWING
COUNTIES

AND CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICTS
AS REPRESENTED BY HIGHWAV.CA,~~~1;SI0NERS

"'---"-~

~ -~

<(
<(
--'
<(

F

L

0

R

FIRST CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT :-Bryan, Bulloch, Burke, Candler, Chatham, Effingham, Emanuel, Evans, Jenkins, Liberty, Long, Mcintosh, Montgomery, Screven,
Tattnall, Toombs, Treutlen, Wheeler. SECOND CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT:-B:~ker, Brooks, Calhoun, Colquitt, Decatur,
Dougherty, Early, Grady, Miller, Mitchell, Seminole, Thomas, Tift, Worth.
THIRD CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT:-Ben Hill, Chattahoochee, Clay, Crisp, Dodge, Dooly, Harris, Houston, Lee, Macon, Marion, Muscogee, Peach, Pulaski, Quitman, Randolph. Schley, Stewart, Sumter, Taylor, Terrell, Turner, Webster, Wilcox.
FOURTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT :-Butts, Carroll, Clayton, Coweta, Fayette, Heard, Henry, Lamar, Meriwether, Newton, Pike, Spalding, Talbot, Troup, Upson.
FIFTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT:-DeKalb, Fulton, Rockdale.
SIXTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT :-Baldwin, Bibb, Bleckley, Crawford, Glascock, Hancock, Jasper, Jefferson, Johnson, Jones, Laurens, Monroe, Putnam, Twiggs, Washington,
Wilkinson. SEVENTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT:-Bartow, Catoosa. Chattooga, Cobb, Dade,
Douglas, Floyd, Gordon, Haralson, Murray, Paulding, Polk, Walker, Whitfield.
EIGHTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT:-Appling, Atkinson, Bacon, Berrien, Brantley, Camden, Charlton, Clinch, Coffee, Cook, Echols, Glynn, Irwin, Jeff Davis, Lanier, Lowndes,
Pierce, Telfair, Ware, Wayne. NINTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT:-Banks, Barrow, Cherokee, Dawson, Fannin,
Forsyth, Gilmer, Gwinnett, Habersham, Hall, Jackson, Lumpkin, Pickens, Rabun, Stephens,
Towns, Union, White. TENTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT:-C!arke. Columb'a, Elbert, Franklin, Greene,
Hart, Lincoln, Madison, McDuffie, Morgan, Oconee, Oglethorpe, Richmond. Taliaferro,
Walton, VVarren, '\Vilkes.

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 11
History of the Organization of
the Highway Department
The State Highway Department of Georgia was created by Act of Legislature, August 16, 1916, and a Highway Commission composed of the three members of the Prison Commission, together with the State Geologist, the Dean of the College of Civil Engineering of the State University, and the Professor of Highway Engineering at the Georgia School of Technology was appointed.
The original Highway Commission consisted of the following members:
T. E. PATTERSON, Chairman, Member of Prison Commission. E. L. RAINEY, Member of Prison Commission.
J. E. DAVIDSON, Member of Prison Commission.
S. W. McCALLIE, State Geologist.
C. M. STRAHAN, Professor of Civil Engineering, State University.
R. D. KNEALE, Professor of Civil Engineering, Georgia School of Technology.
This Commission served until the reorganization o.f the Highway Department, by Act of Legislature approved August 18, 1919.
This Legislature of 1919 provided that the State Highway Department of Georgia, reorganized and reconstructed, should be managed and controlled by the State Highway Board, which should consist of three members appointed by the Governor, one from each of the three divisions of the State. The boundaries of each division were set out. The term of office of initial appointees was to be two, four and six years, after which each new member was to serve six years.
This form of control existed from 1919 until the reorganization of the Highway Department by Act of the Legislature approved March 17, 1943.
The General Assembly of 1943 passed an Act (S. B. 116, Gov. No. 343) repealing the Act of 1941 and thus abolishing the State Highway Board, creating instead a State Highway Department under a State Highway Director, a State Highway Commission, and a Treasurer of the State Highway Department. All of these officers are appointed by the

800-ft. Bridge over Chattahoochee River on Stale Route 20 between Buford and Cumming. Project FAS 233-C (1).

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 13
Governor, and confirmed by the Senate. The State Highway Director and Treasurer of the State Highway Department serve at the pleasure of the Governor. The State Highway Commissioners are appointed for a term of four years to be concurrent with the term of the Governor.
One Commissioner is appointed from each of the ten Congressional Districts and two from the State at Large. One member of the State Highway Commission is designated by the Governor to be Chairman, one member is designated as Vice-Chairman and another as Secretary.
The appointments to the State Highway Board under the Act of 1919 and the appointments to the State Highway Commission under the Act of 1943 are shown in the tabulations on the succeeding pages.

Members of State Highway Board of Georgia

Name of Member

Title

Appointed By

Term Began

Term Ended

Remarks

C. M. Strahan

------- Chairman............... Governor Dorsey________ ___ Sept. 1, 1919...

Dec. 31, 1921 ___________.. Expiration of initial2-year term.

Stanley S. BenneL.

Member..... ........... Governor Dorsey....

Sept. 1, 1919 __ Dec. 31, 1923 ____________ Expiration of initial4-year term.

R. C. Neely...

______ Member.------ .... Governor Dorsey.. --- 3ept. 1, 1919 ..... Oct. 27, 1923..

Died in Office.

John N. Holder___

.... Chairman

. Governor Hardwick....... Jan. 1, 1922. .... June 2, 1929. ------------ Succeeded C. M. Strahan.

W. T. Anderson... --------------- Member.... ........ Governor Walker........ _ Nov. 1, 1923... ___ July, 1925... ---------- Succeeded R. C. Neely.

Stanley S. Bennet. _--- __.________... Member

-- ..... Governor Walker_______ Tan. 1, 1924.... . .. Dec. 31, 1929... --- Reappointed.

John R. Phillips...

. . Member...... --------Governor Walker....... ------ Aug. 1925........ _____ . _ Dec. 31, 193L .. ---- Succeeded W. T. Anderson.

Sam Tate

------------------ Chairman...

. Governor Hardman. ---_June 4, 1929 ........ April1, 1930

Succeeded John N. Holder.

W. C. Vereen.... ---------------------Member.... ......... Governor Hardman... _----Jan. 1, 1930____ . ----- June 19, 1933... .... Succeeded Stanley S. Bennet.

J. W. BarnelL. --------------------Chairman... .. Governor Hardman.... _April1, 1930..-------------- June 19, 1933... ---Succeeded Sam Tate.

J.P. Wilhoit...------------------------------ Member.... ------- Governor RusselL

Jan. 1, 1932------------------- June 19, 1933... _ Succeeded John R. Phillips.

J.P. Wilhoit ______ ........... __ Officer-in-Chg. __ Governor Talmadge... Tune 19, 1933 ............. July 20, 1933..... ____ Appointed Officer-in-Charf!:e.

J. J. Mangham ----------------.-------Chairman.. ------Governor Talmadge... July 20, 1933... - Nov. 21, 1933... ___ Succeeded J. W. Barnett.

W. E. Wilburn..........__________......... Member

Governor Talmadge... July 20, 1933............ Nov. 21, 1933 __________ Succeeded J.P. Wilhoit.

Max L. McRae ------------------------------- Mt>mber.-------------------- Governor Talmadge... Tuly 20, 1933________________ Jan. 13, 1937. _____________ Succeeded W. C. Vereen.

W. E. Wilburn.. --- _-------------------- Chairman__________________ Governor Talmadge ---- Nov. 21, 1933.... --- Jan. 25, 1937___

Appointed Chairman.

John A. Heck _------------------------- Member. -------------- Governor Talmadge. . Nov. 21, 1933... . Dec. 31, 1933

. Succeeded J . .1. Mangham

John A. Heck.. _____ --------------- Member_______________________ Governor Talmadge . Jan. 1, 1934____ ....... Mar. 1, 1937____ ... _...... Reappointed.

Jim L. Gillis... ........____________ Member ......_____ Governor Rivers....

Jan. 25, 1937 ---- April19, 1940.. ______ Succeeded W. E. Wilburn.

Herman H. Watson...... --------- Member...... -------------- Governor Rivers. __________ .. __ Mar. 3, 1937 ______ Dec. 2, 1939

___ Succeeded John A. Heck.

W. L. Miller... W. L. Miller

__ Member. ----------Governor Rivers______ -- _____ Jan. 13, 1937... .. Jan. 14, 1941 --- Succeeded Max L. McRae. ...... Chairman................... Governor Rivers.......... ______ Jan. 25, 1937... .. Jan. 14, 194L ____ Appointed Chairman.

L. L. Patten..

____ Member-------------------- Governor Rivers_________ -- Dec. 2, 1939...... ------ Jan. 14, 194L ____ Succeeded Herman H. Watson.

Herman H. Watson..__ ................ Member.-------------------- Governor Rivers......

Dec. 2, 1939___ ..... Jan. 14, 194L .. Succeeded .Tim L. Gillis.

W. E. Wilburn. ____________..____..________ Chairman_____________ Governor Talmadl(e ......... Jan. 14, 1941................ Jan. 12., 1943 .... Succeeded W. L. Miller.

S. E. Vandiver.............................- Member..................... Governor Talmadf(e ------- Jan.14, 194L............ Jan. 12, 1943 ----------Succeeded Herman H. Watson.

T. G. Tyson.......... --------................._ Member........................ Governor Talmadl(e... _Jan. 14, 194L.. Jan. 12, 1943... .. Succeeded L. L. Patten.

Members of State Highway Commission

Name of Member

Title

Congressional District

Appointed By

Term Began Term Ended

Remarks

J. J. Bouhan............

..... Member.... ......... First...

.... Governor ArnalL .. April21, 1943...... Jan. 18, 1947..

. L. Roy Robinson.

Member..................... Second... ......... Governor ArnalL ...... April21, 1943..... Jan. 18, 1947..

; 5ims Garrett, Jr...

... Vice-Chairman..... Third.......................... Governor Arnall .................. April21, 1943...... Jan. 18, 1947...

-"' Judson J. Milam...................... \1ember ................... Fourth.... ................ Governor ArnalL ........ April21, 1943 ...... Jan. 18, 1941...

Hugh Burl(ess.

............. \1emher.... ......... Fifth...

. Governor ArnalL ....... April21, 1943..... Jan. 18, 1947...

Frank A. Dennis................... Member.................... Sixth...

. .. Governor ArnalL

... April21, 1943..... Dec. 31, 1944 ......... Died in Office.

Mrs. Frank A. Dennis ..... Member ......... Sixth.

Governor ArnalL ......... Jan. 18, 1945 .......... Jan. 18, 1947........ Succeeded F. A. Dennis.

Penn Selman...

......... \1ember .............. Seventh .................. Governo; ArnalL...

April21, 1943..... .Jan. 18, 1947....

Lonnie A. Pope ....................... Secretary...

Eighth...................... Governor ArnalL

April21, 1943...... Jan. 18, 1947..

Steve C. Tate...

. C:hairman ............ Ninth...

........... Governor ArnalL

April21, 1943 ...... Jan. 18, 1947...

.1. Knox Gholston...

..... \1ember... ........... Tenth...

Governor ArnalL.

April21, 1943 ....... Jan. 18, 1947...

Wyck Knox...

. .. 1\Iemher... ........ State at Large ...... Governor ArnalL

April21, 1943 ..... Jan. 18, 1947...

Maurice W. Tift...

... ,\1ember....

State at Large. Governor ArnalL

.. April21, 1943..... Jan. 18, 1947...

Willard H. Lariscy ............ Member.......

First .......................... Governor Thompson ........ 'viarch 21, 1947 ... Still in office...

Leon Houston...

............. Member.... ....._.___ ITSehc.rodn__d______.

Governor Thompson ........ March 21, 1947 .... Still in office 1

W. Gerue Dunn...

Member...

1

........... Governor Thompson....... VIarch 21, 1947 ... Still in office

] udson J. Milam...

....... Chairman... .... Fourth...

Governor Thompson.. .. \1arch 21, 1947 ... Still in office

C. R. Vaughn.. ]. David Dyer

..... VIember ... VIemher...

Fifth.. . ..... Sixth...

Governor Thompson... \1arch 21, 1947 ... Still in office ........
Governor Thompson. . \1arch 21, 1947 .. Still in office .... I1

GA.eoEr.gYe o~uI.ngB..azemore...

...... Secretary... .. Member...

Seventh.. ..... Eighth

Mose W. Gordon...

Vice-ChairElm: Ninth...

i Governor Thompson .... \1arch 21. 1947 ... Still in office
... Governor Thompson. VIarch 21, 1947... Still in office. . Governor Thompson.. \!Iarch 21, 1947... Still in office....... .

Furman D. Smith, Sr. !\[ember... . ....... Tenth.....

...... Governor Thompson.. \1arch 21, 1947 ... Still in office......... '

Maurice W. Tift... ....... 1\lember... ......... State at Large ]Governor Thompson... M:arch 21, 1947 ... Still in office........

L. Rov Robim:on ..................... 1\Tcmher...

State at Large Governo; Thompson 1 March 21, 1947 ... Still in office... 1

State Highway Directors

Name

Title

Appointed By

Term Began

Term Ended

/'tyburn G. Clay

Executive Officer-in-Charge.....

Governor Arnall ............................ Jan. 12, 1943....

Ryburn G. Clay ............................................... Director...

. Governor Arnall... ................. April2l, 1943...

George T. McDonald.

Engineer-Director....

.... Governor Arnall...

Oct. 5. 1945...

W. R. Nee! ......................................................... Director.....

........... ......... Governor Thompson............... Jan. 18, 1947...

.T ohn C. Beasley ............................................ Director....

Governor Thompson...... ....... March 20, 1947...

W. R. Nee! ....................................................... Encrineer-Director...

. r:nvt>rnor Thomuson....

Tune 4, 1948.......

April21, 1943...
Oct. 5, 1945.... . . ... Jan. 18, 1947...
... March 20, 1947... June 4, 1948...
....... Still in offirr fi-30 4fL

State Highway Engineers

Name

Term Began

Term Ended

Remarks

W. R. Nee!................. .

..... Sept. 1, 1919................................................ March 1, 1930......................................... .

B. P. McWhorter..

......................... March 1, 1930.... .................................. June 20, 1933....

M. E. Cox..................

_ . ........... June 20, 1933.

Sept. 28, 1934

H. E. Newton. .............................

....... Sept. 28, 1934................................................. Feb. 1, 1937..

E. Jack Smith.....

.. .............. Feb. 1, 1937....... . ......................... . July 14, 1937...

E. A. Stanley . .................................... July 14, 1937

............. Oct. 16, 1938.............................. .

W. B. Brantley.. - ............. Oct. 16, 1938........

................ April!, 1940........

W. R. Nee!................................................... April!, 1940..

- May 24, 1941...................................

M. L. Shadburn

........... ... May 24, 1941.....

April21, 1943.......................... .

George T. McDonald............... ......... April21, 1943.... ........................

Jan. 18, 1947................................

Appointed Engineer-Director Oct. 5, 1945

W. R. Nee!............. - .......... March 20, 1947.....

............ Still in office June 30, 1948.........

Appointed Engineer-Director June 4,1948

. .. t
The Little White House at Warm Springs. This famed home of President Franklin D. Roosevelt in Georgia is one of many points of interest reached by the tate s excellent highways.
Photo by Edgar Orr . Allant

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 19
U.S. Public Roads Administration
The Public Roads Administration of the Federal ,Works Agency is responsible for the expenditure of Federal funds on highways. The national organization, headed by the Commissioner of Public Roads, is located in Washington. The division office, through which the work in Georgia is cleared, is in charge of B. P. McWhorter, Division Engineer, and is located at 504 Atlanta National Building, Atlanta, Georgia.
The activities for the State of Georgia are under the direction of John T. Marshall, District Engineer, whose office is located at 512 Federal Annex, Atlanta. Close contacts are maintained with the State Highway Department in connection with highway programs, highway planning, route locations, surveys, design, construction, and maintenance of Federalaid projects.
The district office staff is as follows: JOHN T. MARSHALL, District Engineer WM. M. DANIELSON, Programs and Planning B. A. SCOIT, Design J. S. CALL, Construction and Maintenance LYMAN C. BRADLEY, Bridge Engineer J. A. TEMPLE U. L. FISHER H. L. GAINES L. S. MOORE M.D. STANLEY H. L. CHAMBERLAIN JOHN T. LITTLE
These trained specialists assist Highway Department engineers in making traffic studies, in preparing highway programs, review locations and plans, and make frequent inspections of construction work and maintenance conditions of projects involving Federal participation. Close contact is maintained with the Division of Highway Planning of the State Highway Department in conducting economic, engineering, and factfinding surveys to obtain data for use in the preparation of programs and for designation of the Federal-aid highway systems.

20 Twenty-Second Re[HHt, State Highway Departntenl. oJ Georgia
The Highway Department wishes to express its sincere appreciation for the cooperation and services rendered by the Public Roads Administration.

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 21

Administrative Division
During the two years covered by this report, contracts were let for the largest volume of highway construction in Georgia ever placed under contract in any similar period. Contracts were awarded for the improve ment of 2,340 miles of roadway and the construction of 251 bridges at a total cost of over fifty-seven million dollars. These contracts covered 115 miles of grading, 97 miles of grading and base, 48 miles of base, 1,703 miles of bituminous surfacing, 30 miles of concrete pavement, and 344 miles of reseal and resurfacing. Also, four underpass structures and 13 grade crossing signals. Major bridge repairs amounted to $608,355 and flood repairs cost $61,600. A detailed statement of the contracts awarded is presented elsewhere in this report.

State Highway System

The Legislative Act of March 17, 1943, provides that roads shall be placed on the State Highway System by the State Highway Director, when approved by a majority of the State Highway Commission. During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1947, the System was increased by 477.2 miles and during the year ending June 30, 1948, 100.1 miles were added to the System. The mileage on the State Highway System as of June 30, 1948, was 14,385.6 miles, of which 9,497 miles were paved and 4,888 miles were unpaved.

A tabulation of the mileage of the State Highway System by types is given below and a list showing the mileage in each county appears else where in this report. The mileage of bridges and other structures as of June 30, 1947, was 99.8 miles and as of June 30, 1948, was 107.0 miles. For these years, the structures have been classified as to surface type and are included in the mileage figures listed below.

MILEAGE OF BTATE HIGHWAY SYSTEM

Type of Surface

June 30, 1946

June 30, 1947

June 30, 1948

Plain Earth .... Top Soil and Sand Clay........ Gravel and Macadam.... Surface Treatment - Penetration Macadam Bituminous Concrete Cement Concrete Brick and Block.. Dual Type ...... Structures .....

. 4,340.3 736.7 609.9
..... 2,768.8 ......... 1,590.7
1,507.5 . 2,126.2
39.7 10.6 77.8

3,917.4 1,450.0
512.0 2,953.2 1,678.5 1,651.3 2,071.5
31.0 20.5

3,126.0 1,754.7
478.3 3,363.1 1,717.6 1,847.8 2,044.7
26.3 27.0

Total.. ............

- ..... 13,808.2

14,285.4

14,385.5

22 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia
Veterans On-the-fob Training
The State Highway Department has given full cooperation and assistance in furtherance of the on-the-job training program of the Veterans Administration. Early in 1946, the Highway Department was approved as being eligible to provide training for its employees and since that time 881 employees have received the benefits of the program. Every effort has been made to enable the veterans to receive the training and experience necessary to qualify them for advancement in their work. Most of the trainees are enrolled with the International Correspondence Schools, or other schools approved by the Veterans Administration, so that related educational instruction is being received by them along with the actual experience gained on the job. All costs of the educational course are paid by the Veterans Administration, and the veterans also receive a subsistence allowance representing the difference between their actual salary and the salary established for each job, subject to the maximum of $65.00 per month for men with no dependents and $90.00 per month for men with dependents, and the limitations as to maximum earnings imposed by the Federal law. Men are in training for such jobs as Construction Inspector, Instrumentman, Project Engineer, Resident Engineer, Draftsman, Designer, Laboratory Clerk, Machinist, Mechanic, and other positions. It is considered that this program is proving very beneficial to the Highway Department in providing the technical personnel needed, as well as l)enefitting the veterans.
AASHO 25-Year Award of Merit
The benefits to be derived by an organization from the long and faithful service of its employees are well known and the State Highway Department is fortunate in having a large number of employees with many years of service. The entire personnel of the Department was especially gratified to have nineteen of their co-workers receive recognition in this respect by being presented with the Twenty-Five-Year Award of Merit of the American Association of State Highway Officials. This award, consisting of a certificate and lapel button, is conferred annually by the Association to employees in certain grades, who have had twenty-five years of service, either continuous or cumulative, in one or more member departments. The member departments are the 48 State Highway Departments, the Territorial Departments of Puerto Rico and Hawaii, the District of Columbi:1 Highway Department and Public Roads Administration'. The following employees of the State Highway Department of Georgia re-

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 2~
ceived the Association's Twenty-Five-Year Award of Merit during 1946 and 1947.
B. A. Alderman C. F. Bond Mildred P. Cantrell C. N. Crocker A. W. Evans Roy A. Flynt F. M. Garnett W. H. Jackson C. W. Leftwich R.N. Maddox R. R. Martin H. W. Morgan R. W. McCrum John T. Newton F. A. Nichols R. P. Norris
W. W. Phillips, Jr.
Cadesman Pope L. W. Verner

40

35

,./

30

J

afcn::
..J ..J 0 0
II.
0
fzn 2
..J ..J
2

ROAD-USER REV NUE

/ I V/'', 25

_,_, ... ' .

/

~~ __ ~

' / 20

~

, , , ,.~~ """"

' ...

. ~ _._
/ I

..
'~

I

Ia

,''

,r ' ' ' - 15

.I

~'

, APPROPRIATIONS FOR ROAD PURPOS ES-7

10

5

0 1937

1938

1939

1940

1941

1942

1943

CALENDAR YEAR

1944

1945

1946

1947

1948

A tabulation of the road-user revenue and appropriations for road purposes appears on the opposite page.

ROAD-USER REVENUE COLLECTED BY STATE OF GEORGIA AND APPROPRIATIONS FOR ROAD PURPOSES
1937-1947

Calendar Year
1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947
Totals

ROAD-USER REVENUE

Motor-Fuel Tax

Motor-Vehicle Registration
Fees

Total Road-User Revenue

$19,550,144 19,630,315 21,046,637 22,802,364 26,048,632 21,539,607 18,181,984 20,231,665 23,173,083 30,964,547 34,620,424

$1,303,956 1,653,713 1,883,117 2,044,372 2,226,150 2,228,699 2,227,164 2,374,501 2,547,921 2,897,807 3,409,971

$20,854,100 21,284,028 22,929,754 24,846,736 28,274,782 23,768,306 20,409,148 22,606,166 25,721,004 33,862,354 38,030,395

$257,789,402

$24,797,371

$282,586,773

APPROPRIATIONS FOR ROAD PURPOSES

Payments to State Highway
Department

Payments to Counties
for Roads

Total Appropriations for Road Purposes

$ 7,953,547 13,980,195 15,278,123 16,585,235 18,485,761 16,225,581 11,107,802 10,259,028 14,444,957 25,414,954 18,344,134

$3,153,237 3,420,343 3,364,984 3,954,484 4,190,140 4,393,721 4,300,000 4,300,000 4,558,503 4,817,013 4,817,013

$11,106,784 17,400,538 18,643,107 20,539,719 22,675,901 20,619,302 15,407,802 14,559,028 19,003,460 30,231,967 23,161,147

$168,079,317

$45,269,438

$213,348,755

The Ford Memorial Church at Ways Station, Ga.

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 27
The Federal..Aid Highway Program
The Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1944 may be considered the third major milestonP. in Federal highway legislation. The first was the Federal-Aid Road Act of July 11, 1916, which launched the Federal Government on a nation-wide cooperative plan of high\vay improvement. A vital feature of this first act was that the Federal Government wa:, "-authorized to cooperate with the States through their respective State highway departments--."
The second important milestone was the Federal Highway Act of 1921, which provided for the selection of the Federal-aid Highway System and a continuation of the cooperative Federal-aid plan with initiative in the selection of projects resting with the State highway departments. In the years between 1921 and 1944, there were a number of perfecting amendment:- which ~trengthened the legislation and facilitated the highway program. One of these changes provided for Federal participation in the cost of surveys and plans and right-of-way. Another amendment, recognizin.g the hazards to life and impediments to highway traffic existing at railway grade crossings, authorized the use of Federalaid funds to the extent of 100 per cent of the construction costs for the elimination or protection of such crossings.
Diversion of Road-User Revenue
Another amendment expressed the policy that all road-user revenues should be used for highway purposes and provided that the apportionment of Federal funds to each State would be subject to reduction because of diversion to other than highway purposes of road-user revenues. Section 12 of the Hayden-Cartwright Act of June 1S, 1934 (4R Stat. 995) reads as follows:
"Since it is unfair and unjust to tax motor-vehicle transportation unless the proceeds of such taxation are applied to the construction, improvement, or maintenance of highways, after June 30, 1935, Federal aid for highway construction shall be extended only to those States that use at least the amounts now provided by law for such purpose in each State from State motor-vehicle registration fees, licenses, gasoline taxes, and other special taxes on motor-vehicle owners and operators of all kinds for the construction, improvement, and maintenance of highways and administrative expenses m connection therewith, including the retirement of bonds for the

28 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia
payment of which such revenues have been pledged, and for no other purposes, under such regulations as the Secretary of Agriculture shall promulgate from time to time; Provided, That in no case shall the provisions of this section operate to deprive any State of more than one-third of the amount to which that State should be entitled under any apportionment hereafter made, for the fiscal year for which the apportionment is made."
Highway Planning
Another important change in the Federal-Aid Highway Act was the provision first carried in Section 11 of the Hayden-Cartwright Act of June 18, 1934, authorizing the use of 11/2 per cent of the Federal-aid apportionment to any State for engineering and economic studies for advance planning. The fact-finding studies which were inaugurated under this provision eame to be known as State-wide Highway Planning Surveys and are carried on in Georgia by the Division of Highway Planning. The wisdom of this provision has been amply demonstrated, and the Planning Surveys of the various States are continuing to provide the information so vital and essential to the sound planning of the Federal annual and long-range highway programs. These Highway Planning Surveys provided the fundamental information of the Nation's highway needs which, when presented to the road committees of the Congress by representatives of all the States in the hearings initiated in the winter of 1943, resulted in the enactment of the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1944.
Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1944
This act is the third major milestone in Federal highway legislation. For the first time it provides for cooperation with the States in a completely integrated program of highway improvement involving urban as well as primary and seeondary rural highways. Under its provision, the following activities have been initiated:
1. The selection of a system of principal secondary and feeder roads by the State highway departments in cooperation with the local authorities.
2. The delineation by the State highway departments of urban areas "including and adjacent to a municipality or other urban place of 5,000 or more population" and the selection of an urban highway system on which the urban funds provided by the act are to be expended.

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 29
3. The selection of a National System of Interstate Highways not exceeding 40,000 miles to connect the principal metropolitan areas, cities and industrial centers, to serve the national defense and to connect at suitable border points with routes of continental importance in the Dominion of Canada and the Republic of Mexico.
4. The programming and construction of the three categories of projects by the State highway departments, utilizing funds authorized by the act.
In lieu of the separate authorization formerly provided for railroad grade crossing projects which could be financed 100 per cent from Federal funds, the 1944 act provides that railway-highway projects may be financed with up to 100 per cent Federal funds from not to exceed ten per cent of the State's total apportionment of highway system, secondary, and urban funds. Preliminary engineering and construction engineering c;osts are eligible for payment from Federal funds in the same manner as construction, whereas costs for rights-of-way may be paid one-half from Federal funds on railway-highway projects, financed under the ten per cent limitation, and one-third from Federal funds on regularly financed highway projects.
Apportionments
The Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1944 was approved December 20,
1944. It authorized ll/2 billion dollars to be appropriated to become
available at the rate of $500,000,000 a year for each of the three successive post-war fiscal years. The apportionments to Georgia under this act were as follows:

1946

1947

1948

Regular Federal-aid Funds Federal-aid Secondary Funds Urban Highway Funds...

. $ 5,648,564 4,310,453 1,622,008

$ 5,644,683 4,307,866 1,622,008

$ 5,571,736 4,252,241 1,601,213

Total for year.....

..... $11,581,025 $11,574,557 $11,425,190

These funds are available for expenditure for a period of three years after the close of the fiscal year for which authorized. Thus the funds apportioned for the fiscal years 1946, 1947 and 1948 are available for expenditure until June 30, 1949, 1950 and 1951, respectively. The funds are deemed to have been expended when placed under formal

30 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georp:.ia
project agreement; i. e. after bids have been opened and the Public Roads Administration has concurred in the award of the contract, and the project agreement has been executed by the State Highway Department and the Public Roads Administration.
The Regular Fecleral-aid funds were apportioned to the various States on the basis of one-third according to area, one-third according to population, and one-third according to the mileage of rural delivery routes and star mail routes.
The Federal-aid Secondary funds were apportioned on the basis of one-third according to area, one-third according to rural population, and one-third according to mileage of rural delivery routes and star mail routes.
The Urban Highway funds were apportiond according to the population in municipr.litics and other urban places of 5,000 or more.

Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1948
For the purpose of continuing the construction and reconstruction of highways in accordance with the provisions of the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1944, the National Congress enactd the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1948, which was .<>pproved June 29, 1948. This act appropriated for each of the fise;al years ending June 30, 1950 and 1951, the sum of $450,000,000, to be made available for expenditure as follows:
45% for projects on the Federal-aid Highway System 30% for projects on the Federal-aid Secondary System 25% for projects on the Urban Federal-aid System
The apportionment to Georgia for the fiscal year ending June 30. 1950, which shall be available for expenditure until June 30, 1952, is as follows:

Regular Federal-aid Funds.... Federal-aid Secondary Funds.. Urban Highway Funds...
Total for year....

..... .....

$ 5,026,124

3,834,698

1,441,091

.....$10,301,913

No Federal funds were appropriated by Congress for highways for the fiscal year 1949, so that the total Federal apportionments to the State of Georgia for the three classes of highways named for the fiveyear period ending June 30, ] 950, as detailed above, amount to $44,882.685. It is required that the State match these funds on a 50-50

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 31
basis, with the exception of ten per cent of the apportionment which may be expended on railway-highway projects without State matching, so that the total Federal-aid and State-matching funds for the five years 1946 to 1950, inclusive, amount to over 85 million dollars, or an average of about 17 million dollars per year_
Emergency Relief Highway Funds
Emergency Relief Funds have been appropriated by Congress for use in any State for eligible flood relief projects located on either the Federal-aid or Federal-aid Secondary Highway Systems. Federal-aid Secondary funds may be used to match the Emergency Relief funds for projects located on the Federal-aid Secondary System and, similarly, the Federal-aid Highway funds and Urban Highway funds may be used to match Emergency Relief funds only for projects located on the Federal-aid Highway System, with Urban funds limited to projects in urban areas. Thus the matching of one class of Federal funds with another class of Federal funds results in the entire costs of the projects being defrayed by the Federal Government without the expenditure of any State funds. These Emergency Relief funds are authorized for the restoration, including relocation, of roads and bridges damaged or destroyed by floods, hurricanes, earthquakes or landslides.
In April 1948, a wide area in South Georgia suffered severe damages caused by a flood of extraordinary intensity and extent. Many highways became impassable and bridges were damaged. In several places the damage was so extensive that the Highway Department made application to the Public Roads Administration for an allocation of Emergency Relief funds. Seven projects were approved, with a total estimated cost of $316,650.
Federal-Aid Fiscal Procedure
Federal funds for highway work are not turned over to the State in advance of construction. Instead, they are paid to the State in the form of reimbursement during and after the period that the work is in progress. They are paid only on projects for which the plans have been approved previously by the Public Roads Administration and for which the work is conducted in accordance with the applicable requirements established by the Public Roads Administration. The State Highway Department makes payments from State funds to the contractor on monthly estimates of the dollar value of work that has been accomplished on a project. The State Highway Department then submits

]ones Avenue overpass over tracks of the Soztthern Ry. and N . C. & t. L. Ry in Atlanta. This structure replaced one that had been condemned and closed to traffic. Project FACM 238 (1) Off.

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 33
monthly progress vouchers for the work accomplished on which the Federal Government makes prompt payment.
A project is reported completed when the major elements of construction are done and the road or bridge is open to traffic. To secure final reimbursement the State Highway Department then submits final vouchers to the Public Roads Administration indicating the various construction items and claiming the Federal portion due but not paid on progress vouchers. Final reimbursement is not made until the project has been finally inspected and a determination made by field engineers of the Public Roads Administration that it was constructed m accordance with the approved plans, specifications and estimates, and a detailed audit made of the claim by a Federal auditor.

APPORTIONMENT OF FEDERAL-AID HIGHWAY FUNDS IN GEORGIA

Fiscal Year Ending
June 30

Regular Federal
Aid

*Forest Highways

Federal-

Federal-

National

National

Aid

Urban

Aid Grade

Emergency

Emergency

Recovery

Recovery

- - - - - - - - Secondary

Highways

Crossing

Advance

1934

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -~~---

~-~----

------~- -~-----

1935

1917.
1918. 1919. 1920 1921.

..... s 134,329.48 268,658.96 I, 749,954.20 2,557,485.02
2,697,150.96

5,350.67 $. 5,281.69 48,893.09 49,140.60 49,446.17

. $.

. . $... . ........ $............... $.... .

. . $..

. ... $.............. .

1922 ..
1923. 1924 .. ............ 1925 .. ............. 1926.

1,997,957.58 1,331,971. 72 1,729,366.09
1,983,022.99 2,000,867.00

18,596.08 26,780.51 21,512.44
21' 849.55 33,105.81

1927 ..

1928 ....

1929 1930

.. ..



1931.

1,981,189.00 1,979,209.00 1,980,015.00 1,980,443.00 3,318,280.00

1932 .. 1933. 1934.
1935. 1936.

3,316,029.00 2, 753,344.80
............
3,168,221.00

32,202.67 34,790.94 27' 283.94 32,519.55 120,015.87
65,597.34 97,696.88 139,526.03 34,106.76 35,299.86

2,077' 996.00

3,123,298.00

10,091,185.00

5,113,491.00

1937.
1938. 1939.
1940. 1941

3,168,222.00
3,233,279.00 3,154,850.00 2,507,151.00
2,509,551.00

31,408.18
73,538.83 75,583.05 45,410.80 99,503.16

646,656.00 630,970.00 376,073.00 319,976.00

i:22:i:o99 oo
1,212,634.00
477,283.00 661,517.00

1942.
1943 ...
1944. 1945 .. 1946 ..

2,519,366.00

..........

2,517' 196.00 ......

5:64s:564:oo

80,002.41
63,364.55 8,075.43 41,594.31
212,212.91

440,889.00 440,509.00

1,622,008.00

488,535.00 495,487.00

1947............... 5,644,683.00

201,078.00

4,307,866.00

1,622,008.00

. ..........

. ................................. .

1948...

5,571,736.00

4,252,241.00

1,601,213.00

....................................................... ..

Totals...

$~2.80 $1:830,76~08- $15.725:-~oo $~9:00- $~558.555:-ools2:077.996.0() S3.123:29~ s 10,091, 185.oo s 5,113,491 .oo

....

APPORTIONMENT OF FEDERAL-AID HIGHWAY FUNDS IN GEORGIA-Continued

~~sral Year

I

Ending

U. S. Works

Public Works

Flood

Defense Access

Strategic

Advance

Flight

Total for Year

June 30

Program

Administration

Relief

Highways

Network

Engineering

Strips

All Funds

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

1917. 191R.
1919. 1920.
1921.

$139,680.15 273,940.65
1, 798,847.29 2,606,625.62 2, 746,597.13

1922.
1923. 1924 .. 1925 1926 ..

2,016,553.66
1,358, 752.23 1, 750,878.53 2,004,872.54
2,033,972.81

1927 . . 1928. 1929 .. 1930. 1931.

2,013,391. 67 2,013,999.94
2,007,298.94 2,012,962.55 5,951,406.28

1932. 1933. 1934. 1935.
1936.

9,884,916.00

6,504,924.34 12,975,547.66 5,253,017.03 9,919,022.76 3,203,520.86

1937 ..... . 1938 ....... . 1939 1940.
1941..

646,200.00

3,199,630.18
5,176,572.83 5, 720,237.05 3,405,917.80
3,590,547.16

1942 ..

1943.

1944. 1945.

.

1946.

12,243.28

2,057' 176.18

629,229.00

337,514.53

.

I

2,274,831.15 813.696 89

. .

.

251.720 oo

8, 774.68
5,000 oo

617,236 12

10,000 00

3,541,035.69 6,540,476.26 2,291, 681.26
1,112.0ll.20 12,420,474 03

1947 .... 1948.
Totals ..

. .

I

. I

.. .

. .

.. ..... .

11,775,635 00

.

... .

. ..

. .

.

.

ll,425, 190 00

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -~----- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

-

$9,884,916 00

$646,200 00

$468,435 39 S5,775,1R3 62

$629,229 OJ

$251,720 00

$361,289 21

$138,785,221 10

Forest Highway Funds mclude amounts admm1stered by U.S. Forest Servtce.

Top , bridge over Town Creek. Bottom, bridge over Crooked Creek. Both in Putnam County on tate Route 16 between Eatonton and parta. Project
F-2669 (2) .

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 37
Highway Systems
Classification of highways is made necessary by the several plans of highway financing that have been developed during the years by the State and Federal Governments. Each plan of financing limits itself to particular highways or kinds of highways and thus establishes a new classification. It is possible for a highway to be on two or more systems. For example, a road may be on b'oth the State Highway System and the Federal-aid Highway System; or a road may be classified as a County Road, a Post Road, and a Federal-aid Secondary Road. The classes of highways in Georgia based on methods of financing are as follows:
l. Federal-aid Highway System. 2. Federal-aid Secondary System. 3. Urban Federal-aid Highway System. 4. Forest Highway System. 5. State Highway System. 6. Post Roads. 7. County Roads.
The following systems also exist, but were established for reasons other than financing, as will be explained under their respective headings:
l. National System of Interstate Highways. 2. United States Numbered Highways.
Fedeml-Aid Highway System
The Federal-aid Highway System, commonly referred to as the Federalaid Primary System, comprises those highways which have been designated under authority of the Federal Highway Act of 1921 as highways eligible to have Regular Federal-aid Funds expended upon them. The highways in this system are selected and designated by mutual agreement between the State Highway Department and the U. S. Public Roads Administration. The Federal-aid Highway System in Georgia as of June 30, 1948, consists of 6,848.2 miles, exclusive of 158.6 miles within Federal reservations. All roads on the Federal-aid Highway System are also on the State Highway System, with the exception of 17.7 miles recently added to the Federal-aid System which have not yet been added to the State System.

38 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia
Federal-Aid Secondary System
The Federal-aid Highway Acts of 1936 and 1944 provided for the selection and designation of a system of principal secondary and feeder roads, including farm-to-market roads, rural mail routes, and school-bus routes. These roads are selected by the State Highway Department in cooperation with the County Commissioners and approved by the Public Roads Administration, and are the only roads on which Federal-aid Sec ondary Funds may be expended. The initial submission of the Federalaid Secondary System in Georgia, consisting of 6,423.3 miles, was ap proved May 27, 1946, The approved System as of June 30, 1948, con tains 11,850.8 miles, of which 6,466.8 miles are also on the State High way System.
The Federal-aid Secondary System may include roads inside of municipalities of less than 5,000 population. Urban boundaries have been established by the State Highway Department and approved by the Public Roads Administration for all cities having a population of 5,000 or more and roads within these boundaries cannot be classified as Federal-aid Secondary Roads. A map ~howing the urban boundaries has been for warded to the Mayor of each city, and to the County Commissioners of the county in which the city is located.
Urban Federal-Aid System
The Federal-aid Highway Act of 1944 requires the selection of a system of Federal-aid routes in urban areas to provide, in municipalities of 5,000 or more population, a comprehensive network of arterials serving the major flow lines of traffic within such areas, including terminal routes, and distribution routes serving the Federal-aid System lying outside the boundaries of the urban areas. This system will be referred to as the Urban Federal-aid System, and will be determined by study of all pres ently approved Federal-aid, Federal-aid Secondary, and State Highway System extensions within urban area boundaries, and all other routes of primary arterial significance for the service of traffic within the desig nated areas. Studies are now being made in Georgia for the purpose of selecting this system, which will determine the roads on which Federal aid Urban Funds may be expended.
Forest Highway System
Roads wholly or partly within, adjoining or adjacent to and serving o.he national forests are known as Forest Roads. The Forest Highway System consists of those Forest Roads of primary importance to the State, coun ties or communities, and which have been selected and designated by the

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 39

U. S. Secretary of Agriculture and the Federal Works Administrator as constituent parts of the Forest Highway System. Forest Highways are classified as follows:

Class 1 -All forest highways on the Federal-aid Highway System.

Class 2- All forest highways which are on the State Highway System and not in Class l.

Class 3- All forest highways on the Federal-aid Secondary System and any other forest road, of primary importance to the counties or communities, when designated as a forest highway.

The mileage of the Forest Highway System m Georgia as of June 30, 1948, is as follows:

Class 1
Class 2 __ -------------------------Class 3 _

155.1 miles 82.2 miles 21.3 miles

Total _____________________

258.6 miles

The Forest Highway System may be increased or decreased in mileage by the addition or deletion of sections from time to time upon joint recommendations of the State Highway Department, the Regional Forester of the U. S. Forest Service, and the Public Roads Administration, subject to the approval of the U. S. Secretary of Agriculture and the Federal Works Administrator. Funds for the construction of Forest Highways are provided by Congressional appropriation and are usually included in the same Act as other Federal-aid Highway funds.

State Highway System
Roads on the State Highway System are located, constructed, improved and maintained by the State Highway Department. The original system of 4,800 miles was established under the provisions of an Act of the General Assembly of Georgia, approved August 18, 1919. This Act provided that the State Highway Board should designate the system of interconnecting countys(;at public roads as State-aid Roads. An amendment of 1921 increased the limit to 5,500 miles, an amendment of 1925 increased it to 6,300 miles, and other increases were made by amendments passed in 1929 and 1933. An Act approved February 12, 1938, gave the State Highway Board the right and authority to designate any public road in the State as a State-aid Road and since that date there

40 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia
has been no limitation by statute as to the mileage of the State Highway System. The System contains 14,385.5 miles as of June 30, 1948. Streets within municipalities which form a continuation of, or a link in, the State Highway System are a part of the System.
Under an Act of the General Assembly, approved March 17, 1943, which abolished the State Highway Board and created a State Highway Department under a State Highway Director, and a State Highway Commission, the State Highway Director is authorized and empowered to place on the State Highway System any roads as he deems necessary to the best interests of the State, when approved by a majority of the State Highway Commission, and to take off of the State Highway System all roads which do not exist or which, if in existence, are not being used by the traveling public, and such roads as have been included in United States Government reservations and closed to travel of the public, by first giving written notice to the county road authorities concerned thirty days prior to ~uch action. The removal of roads from the State Highway System is subject also to the approval of a majority of the State Highway CommissiOn.
Post Roads
All rural roads over which United States mail is carried are Postal Routes; however, in Georgia only such roads which are not on the State Highway System are classed as Post Roads. The Act of 1937 which established. the Post Roads Division within the State Highway Department and authorized the expenditure of State funds for the construction of Post Roads, also authorized the State Highway Department to construct farm-to-market roads, so that generally the term "Post Roads" is applied to all public roads in Georgia not on the State Highway System.
Post Roads and farm-to-market roads may be constructed by the State Highway Department to the extent that funds are made available, but the construction and maintenance of such roads are the primary responsibility of the counties. There are 76,718 miles of Post Roads and farm-to-market roads in Georgia not on the State Highway System. All of these roads are classed also as County Roads, inasmuch as they are under the control and jurisdiction of the Counties.
County Roads
All rural roads in the State not on the State Highway System or within Federal or State reservations are classed as County Roads. The counties are responsible for the construction and maintenance of these roads;

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 41
although, as stated above, the State Highway Department undertakes to construct as many of them as possible with Federal-aid Secondary funds and State funds. The County Commissioners (or Ordinary in counties having no Commissioners) are authorized to open and locate new roads within their respective county. There are 76,718 miles of County Roads which are classed also as Post Roads and farm-to-market roads, of which 5,384 miles are on the Federal-aid Secondary System.
National System of Interstate Highways
The National System of Interstate Highways, selected by the State Highway Departments in cooperation with the Public Roads Administration, was approved by the Federal Works Administrator on August 2, ] 947. In recommending routes, the States were governed by the Federalaid Highway Act of 1944 which provided for the designation of a 40,000mile system connecting the principal centers of the country and serving the national defense. The system as approved contains 37,681 miles of the Nation's principal highways, including 2,882 miles of urban thoroughfares. It reaches 42 State capitals and serves 182 of the 199 cities with population of 50,000 or more. All routes on the National System of Interstate Highways not already included in the Federal-aid Highway System were automatically added thereto by law.
Since all roads on the National System of Interstate Highways are also on the Federal-aid Highway System and eligible for regular Federal Aid, no specific funds are available for the development of the Interstate Highways. As these routes are improved they will be built to design standards somewhat higher than those governing other roads. The Interstate design standards call for four-lane divided highways wherever traffic is 800 vehicles or more per hour in peak hours. The National System of Interstate Highways in Georgia contains 1,106 miles as of June 30, 1948, all of which are also on the State Highway System.
United States Numbered Highways
In 1926, the American Association of State Highway Officials (being composed of all the State Highway Departments and what is now known as the Public Roads Administration of the Federal Government) selected a limited system of State roads to carry continuous numbers across the country so as to facilitate travel on the main interstate lines, over the shortest routes and the best roads. These roads are designated by the use of the United States shield as the insignia, and are commonly referred to as U. S. Routes or U. S. Numbered Highways. The establish-

NORTH CAROLINA

z


0

F

L

0

R

A

National System of Interstate Highways m Georgia

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 4:)
ment of a U. S. number as a guide for interstate travel over certain roads has no connection with the designation of Federal funds for road construction and, therefore, the U. S. Highway numbers should not be confused with route numbers assigned to the Federal-aid Highway System. The U. S. numbers may recognize a State road which has been constructed entirely by the use of State funds.
Additions, changes, extensions, revisions or reductions in the U. S. Numbered System are made by the Executive Committee of the American Association of State Highway Officials, after consulting with the Highway Department of the States affected. The established policies of the Executive Committee provide that no additional road shall be added to the U. S. Numbered System, and no existing U. S. road shall be extended except where there is a definite showing of an adequately improved highway carrying an established and necessary line of interstate traffic not otherwise provided for by existing U. S. routes and for which traffic adequate service cannot be provided by State route numbers. Also, no new U. S. routes located wholly within one State may be established, nor may any new U. S. route be established which is less than 300 miles in length.

MILEAGE OF HIGHWAYS IN GEORGIA June 30, 1948

State Highway System

Federal-aid Highway System..... ...... Federal-aid Secondary System ---- Not on any Federal-aid System........

6,989.1 6,466.8
929.6

TotaL......... ---- ---------- ---

Mileage of bridges included

in above ---- ------------ - Number of bridges.... ---Mileage of urban streets and

alleys not on any of above

Systems............



14,385.5
107.0 3,456

County Roads
17.7 5,384.0 71,316.8 76,718.5
68.0 11,971

Total 7,006.8 11,850.8 72,246.4 91,104.0
175.0 15,427
3,609.6

44 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA
MILEAGE OF STATE HIGHWAY SYSTEM
1920- 1948

Date

Mileage

December 31, 1920 ____________ 4,800.0 December 31, 192L____________ 5,500.0 December 31, 1922 ___ _____ 5,500.0 December 31, 1923____ _ ___ 5,854.7 December 31, 1924____ __ 6,248.8 December 31, 1925_______________ 6,648.8 December 31, 1926_________ _ 7,048.8 December 31, 1927___________ 7,061.4 December 31, 1928____________ 7,075.6 December 31, 1929____ ___ 7,090.6

June 30, 1930 -------------------------- 7,124.4

June 30, 193L

______ 7,138.5

June 30, 1932_____________

8,196.8

June 30, 1933__

___ 8,498.3

June 30, 1934______

___ 8,876.2

June 30, 1935___________

_ 9,206.4

June 30, 1936____

__ 9,272.8

June 30, 1937_____ _ ______10,118.6

June 30, 1938____

___ 10,952.8

June 30, 1939________ __ ______11,215.4

June 30, 1940___

11,907.7

June 30, 1941__________________________ 13,212.5

June 30, 1942________________ ______13,223.7

June 30, 1943_____

13,968.6

June 30, 1944

_____ 13,995.3

June 30, 1945___

_____14,003.2

June 30, 1946

_______13,808.2

June 30, 1947.___

_______14,285.4

June 30, 1948.

__ 14,385.5

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 45

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA
MILEAGE OF STATE HIGHWAY SYSTEM BY CouNTIEs
June 30, 1948

County

Mileage

Appling

123.796

Atkinson Bacon __ _

86.772 70.422

Baker ------------- ______

70.411

Baldwin

67.670

Banks

67.441

Barrow

------------------------- 78.148

Bartow ___________ ------------------------------ 111.954

Ben Hill _ _____________ ------ 79.504

Berrien

120.895

Bibb

95.082

Bleckley ___ ___ _

54.383

Brantley

________________ _ 90.130

Brooks -------------------------------- _ Bryan ----------------------- __ Bulloch _
Burke Butts _________

111.391 94.459 117.039 128.769 59.576

Calhoun

75.529

Camden

84.683

Candler _____ __ ________ __________

49.271

Carroll ----- __ __ _____________ 155.597

Catoosa --------------------------------------- 55.787

Charlton _____________

104.288

Chatham __ ______

91.272

Chattahoochee --------------- _--- 43.894

Chattooga ____ -------------- __ 50.903

Cherokee

111.427

Clarke ---------------- _____ ----------------- 45.491

Clay-------------Clayton _________ Clinch _______ _________ _____
Cobb ______________________ _
Coffee ____________________ _

45.453 62.516 146.394 109.826 146.784

County

Colquitt ____ _ Columbia
.Cook
Coweta Crawford Crisp ____ __ -

----------------

Dade _

Dawson _______ -------------------Decatur _____

DeKalb Dodge ________ ------ _ Dooly _______

Dougherty --------Douglas ------ ------- _ EarIy ________ ______ ____ ____________

Echols -------------- ___ ------ _________ __

Effingham --------- __ _------------

Elbert

_ _____ -------

Emanuel

Evans ----------------------- -------------------Fannin ________

Fayette __ ----------------- Floyd ---------- -----Forsyth -------------------- _ Franklin _____ ---------------------Fulton Gilmer Glascock ____ ------------------GIynn ________ ------ -------- ..........

Gordon --- ____ Grady ------ Greene _------- Gwinnett --- Habersham --

Mileage
122.277 79.426 48.464
108.754 77.216 65.955 76.558 89.391 100.853 121.651 135.079 84.351 102.621 70.264 118.962 85.407 85.688 95.102 170.689 58.037 66.967 74.931 106.354 63.140 100.110 205.464 64.445 41.803 83.316
74.475 134.418 83.501 139.208 88.915

46 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA
MILEAGE oF STATE HIGHWAY SYsTEM BY CouNTIES
June 30, 1948

County
Hall Hancock
Haralson _--------------------------------Harris Hart __ Heard Henry Houston __ _ Irwin _________
Jackson Jasper Jeff Davis ___
Jefferson --------------Jenkins ______ __ __ _________ _ Johnson _________
Jones Lamar Lanier Laurens _____ _ Lee ______
Liberty Lincoln Long Lowndes Lumpkin McDuffie Mcintosh Macon _ Madison Marion Meriwether ____________ Miller _______________
Mitchell Monroe

Mileage
134.265 76.699 78.200 135.23R 81.345 74.858 88.275 103.563 69.760 95.448 120.831 66.682 149.14R 72.442 73.026 88.974 50.491 100.387 167.725 76.563 126.180 73.180 62.784 144.474 83.070 65.218 57.962 150.990 100.535 91.385 137.492 57.107 157.907 129.225

County

Mileage

Montgomery

73.343

Morgan

69.979

Murray Musco gee Newton

------ ------

63.036 87.677 116.219

Oconee

---------------

Oglethorpe --------

Paulding

Peach ----

Pickens --- --------

Pierce

58.038 79.976 93.836 47.502 89.689 75.355

Pike Polk

48.169 73.091

Pulaski Putnam

... ------

63.868 72.647

Quitman

31.897

Rabun -- -- Randolph

Richmond

Rockdale _

Schley Screven

----------------

Seminole __ Spalding Stephens



Stewart Sumter Talbot


-----

Taliaferro ..............................

Tattnall _

Taylor

Telfair ---------

Terrell

-

Thomas

71.852 62.809 93.593 56.371 54.644 95.278 50.361 54.569 50.719 65.200 120.628 114.563 49.640 127.961 128.467 146.746 74.366 177.159

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 47

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA
MILEAGE oF STATE HIGHWAY SYSTEM BY CouNTIEs
June 30, 1948

County
Tift Toombs Towns ...................................... Treutlen .................................. Troup .......................................... Turner Twiggs Union ................................. Upson ..................................... Walker .. Walton Ware Warren .....................................

Mileage
65.437 107.243 55.124 74.363 132.864 78.995 77.793 63.060
71.936 118.317 93.225 137.816 88.584

County
Washington Wayne ......................... Webster Wheeler ..... White ........................... Whitfield .....:.. ........................ Wilcox ........... Wilkes ................ Wilkinson Worth ......................... .

Mileage
133.386 105.986 49.562 85.859 55.222 61.398 106.379 94.766 96.887 119.889

ToTAL.

.... 14,385.517

HIGHWAY USE OF MOTOR FUEL IN GEORGIA
1925-1947

600
500
<I>
~ 400
..J ..J
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0

--- -

-

-

1925 '26 27 '28 '29 1930 '31 '32 '33 "34 1935 '36 '37 '38 "39 1940 '41 '42 43 44 1945 46 47

0

YEAR

A tabulation of the motor fuel used for highway purposes is presented on the opposite page.

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 49

HIGHWAY USE OF MOTOR FUEL IN GEORGIA 1925- 1947

Year

Thousand Gallons

1925___________________ -- 133,548

1926______ --------------- ______154,976

1927. -------

--- ------ 183,896

1928

------ ----- ...197,106

1929 ------------- ________ 209,794

1930. - -----

-- 213,089

193L ____ ________ _ _ 211,767

1932_________

.190,592

1933_ -------------- -- ------ ___202,196 1934____ - - --- ________________229,447

1935 - - -------- ----- ---- 254,609

1936

_____ 287,284

1937 _____________________ --- --- -- 312,468

1938.___________________ 1939_______________

- 319,246 ______339,877

1940__ ------- - --- ____________374,300

1941_________ ------

________ 406,781

1942__ ------------------------ - ---- ______324,259

1943__ ------------------

___ 282, 739

1944

___________________________ 314,692

1945 1946 1947_

------ -- ______367,726 -- ______495,202
- ----- ______________568,404

MOTOR VEHICLE REGISTRATION IN GEORGIA

1910- 1947

700

70C

600

500

Ill Lll
..J 400 !::!

X Lll
.>..

0 300
"z 0 '
c(

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0

X 1-

200

m PASSENGER CARS

0 a TRUCKS

BUSSE~

1- "-- "-- "--

1--

600

"-- r- r- ~ - r-

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400 0
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A tabulation of the motor-1'ehicle registrations by years is presented on the opposite page.

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 51

MOTOR-VEHICLE REGISTRATION IN GEORGIA 1910- 1947

Year

Automobiles

1910 ..____________________________________ 4,400

1911.................. ----- - 5,870

1912 ........................................ 12,950

1913..................-------- 16,480

1914....................................... 20,115

1915...................................... 24,000

1916.......................................... 44,025

1917....................................... 66,824

1918.._______ ------------- 99,676

1919........................................ 127,000

1920--------------- 134,000

1921....__ . ---

118,476

1922.................. -

126,498

1923...........

151,420

1924.......................

181,413

1925 ......

--

1926.......... --------

1927...

217,578 241,949 262,630

1928.................. ---------- 277,881

1929..................... -- 310,362

1930........................

294,461

1931...... ---------- 1932................ -- 1933 ...... ----------

274,576 245,666 278,935

1934...................................... 314,576

1935.......................

325,950

1936.......................................... 335,696

1937........................................ 361,010

1938..................------ 356,609

1939......------------ 384,773

1940.................. ----------- 412,439

1941....... -.------- ...... 460,787

1942..................------ 443,705

1943......-------------- 420,157

1944...................................... 423,746

1945.................. --- 418,566

1946..................

450,072

1947............... 499,631

Busses
2,155 2,067 2,161 2,613 2,595 2,716 2,982 3,134 3,242 2,910 3,269 3,249 3,429 4,986

Trucks 90 190 620 710 800
1,000 2,000 3,500 5,000 10,000 12,000 13,500 16,925 22,469 26,275 30,515 35,519 38,005 40,975 48,543 47,119 46,264 42,050 51,212 60,262 66,079 72,726 78,206 73,156 81,951 87,182 95,063 91,942 91,349 94,302 101,381 122,114 149,287

Total 4,490 6,060 13,570 17,190 20,915 25,000 46,025 70,324 104,676 137,000 146,000 131,976 143,423 173,889 207,688 248,093 277,468 300,635 318,856 358,905 341,580 320,840 287,716 330,147 376,993 394,096 410,583 441,829 432,360 469,440 502,603 558,984 538,889 514,416 521,317 523,196 575,615 653,904

A flood of extraordinary intensity and extent caused severe damage to roads and bridges in South Georgia in April 1948, as depicted above.

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 53
Legal Division
EUGENE COOK, Attorney General HENRY N. PAYTON, Assistant Attorney General E. L. REAGAN, Assistant Attorney General M. H. BLACKSHEAR, JR., Assistant Attorney General
The division of the State Law Department assigned to the State Highway Department, as now constituted, consists of three Assistant Attorneys General under the supervision of the Attorney General. Henry N. Payton was assigned to the State Highway Department on May 1, 1947, E. L. Reagan was assigned on February 15, 1948, and M. H. Blackshear, Jr. was assigned on April 1, 1948. Prior to the assignment of Mr. Reagan, R. A. McGraw was assigned and had been with the Department from May 15, 1947, until his sudden and untimely death on February 6, 1948.
The Legal Division has many varied duties, some of which are outlined below.
l. Advising with and furnishing legal counsel to the State Highway Commission and the Director of the State Highway Department.
2. Advising the many department heads of the State Highway Department on problems involving legal questions. The Legal Division is called upon on many occasions to confer with the Director and department heads to discuss the problems which may involve future legal complications.
3. The Legal Division assists in the drawing of special contracts, leases, etc., and approves all contracts, insurance policies, leases and permits for the use of portions of the highway rights-of-way.
4. The Legal Division reviews all claims made upon the State Highway Department and makes investigations of such claims where necessary. This Division investigates all claims growing out of controversies between the Highway Department and any person, firm or corporation as a result of breach of contracts, and bringing suits or defending suits which are filed as a result of such controversies.
5. The Legal Division must prepare and defend all suits against counties for damages resulting from defects in bridges and approaches that are on the State-aid System, when the county vouches the State Highway Department into court to defend such action as provided by law. Such suits must be personally investigated by the Legal Division and the evidence accumulated by the attorney handling the case.

Top, old bridge. Bottom, new structure over Chattahoochee River in Carroll and Coweta Counties on tate Route 16. Project FAP-406 (5).

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 55
Cases Handled
During the eighteen-month period from January 1, 1947, to June 30, 1948, a total of 66 law suits were filed, with a potential liability of nearly a million dollars and a potential asset of over ninety-one thousand dollars. Forty-eight cases have been handled to a conclusion and 18 are pending. Those pending consist of 16 against the State Highway Department, involving $241,679.26, and two by the Highway Department in the amount of $91,226.91. The 48 cases handled were against the Highway Department and involved a potential liability of $726,923.50. These were settled for $34,020.00 of which $17,000.00 was paid on three law suits for the amount of $138,828.48 that were handled by the Claims Committee. The remaining 45 cases with a potential liability of $588,095.02 resulted in judgments or settlements for the total sum of $17,020.00.
In addition to the above damage suits, the Legal Division has handled four claims on behalf of the Highway Department, totaling $1,950.82, which total amount was collected. Also, nine suits for injunction and eight garnishment cases were handled and 38 claims against the Highway Department were reviewed, investigated where necessary, and approved or disapproved. Assistance was also provided in numerous condemnation suits for rights-of-way. A total of approximately 124 cases were handled and the Legal Division also reviewed and passed or otherwise acted upon approximately 450 permits of various types and approximately 850 soil pit options during the eighteen-month period ending June 30, 1948.
Comments on Laws
In working with and studying highway laws, there has come to the attention of the Legal Division some conflicts or inadequacies in the present laws as written. These are mentioned herein briefly for any consideration they may warrant.
l. The consideration of passage of laws granting the State Highway Department a greater control and method of preventing encroachments on right-of-way and the authority to cause encroachments to be removed without long and numerous legal battles. Also, the disposition of timber on right-of-way.
2. The consideration of passage of laws granting authority of the State Highway Department to control the access to expressways and superhighways.
3. The consideration of passage of laws clarifying the authority of the State Highway Department to take roads and portions of roads off the State Highway System by relocation, abandonment, etc.

56 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia
THE FIVE FIELD DIVISIONS
STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT
or
GEORGIA
FIVE HIGHWAY DIVISIONS l!li
liEAOOUARTERS~EINO.c.t.TEO
Ol

___ j ____j_

f

L

0

R

Boundaries of the Field Divisions of the State Highway Department, and the Division Headquarters, are shown in the map above. The division by counties is as follows:
Division One (Gainesville)-Banks, Barrow, Bartow, Catoosa, Chattooga, Cherokee, Cobb, Dade, Dawson, DeKalb, Douglas, Elbert, Fannin, Floyd, Forsyth, Franklin, Fulton, Gilmer, Gordon, Gwinnett, Habersham, Hall, Haralson, Hart, Jackson, Lumpkin, Madison, Murray, Paulding, Pickens, Polk, Rabun, Stephens, Towns, Union, Walker, White, Whitfield.
Division Two (Augusta)-Baldwin, Burke, Clarke, Columbia, Emanuel, Glascock, Greene, Hancock, Jasper, Jefferson, Jenkins, Johnson, Lincoln, McDuffie, Morgan, Newton, Oconee, Oglethorpe, Putnam, Richmond, Rockdale, Screven, Taliaferro, Walton, Warren, Washington, Wilkes, Wilkinson.
Division Three (Macon)-Bibb, Butts, Carroll, Chattahoochee, Clayton, Coweta, Crawford, Crisp, Dooly, Fayette, Harris, Heard, Henry, Houston, Jones, Lamar, Macon, Marion, Meriwether, Monroe, Muscogee, Peach, Pike, Pulaski, Schley, Spalding, Stewart, Sumter, Talbot, Taylor, Troup, Twiggs, Upson, Webster, Wilcox.
Division Four (Tifton)-Atkinson, Baker, Ben Hill, Berrien, Brooks, Calhoun, Clay, Clinch, Coffee, Colquitt, Cook, Decatur, Dougherty, Early, Echols, Grady, Irwin, Lanier, Lee, Lowndes, Miller, Mitchell, Quitman, Randolph, Seminole, Terrell, Thomas, Tift, Turner, Worth.
Division Five (Savannah)-Appling, Bacon, Bleckley, Brantley, Bryan, Bulloch, Camden, Candler, Charlton, Chatham, Dodge, Effingham, Evans, Glynn, Jeff Davis, Laurens, Liberty, Long, Mcintosh, Montgomery, Pierce, Tattnall, Telfair, Toombs, Treutlen, Ware, Wayne, Wheeler.

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 57
Field Divisions
For administrative and operating purposes, the State is divided into _five divisions, with headquarters located in Gainesville, Augusta, Macon, Tifton and Savannah. The Division Engineer is the administrative head of each division organization and his staff consists of twn Assistant Division Engineers in charge of construction, an Assistant Division Engineer in charge of maintenance, Office Engineer, Locating and Rightof-Way Engineer, and other engineering and clerical personnel.
All instructions issued by the officials of the General Office to field personnel are transmitted through the Division Engineer, who has direct administrative charge of all field operations, including surveys and location, construction and maintenance of roads and bridges on the State Highway System. He also handles surveys, location and construction of Post Roads projects initiated by the State Highway Department, but the maintenance of Post Roads is the responsibility of the counties. The Division Engineer maintains close contact with county and other local officials concerning proposed work and other matters of mutual interest.
Construction
Two Assistant Division Engineers are in charge of construction and give field supervision to the work of the Resident Engineers and other engineering personnel. They keep in close touch with the Resident Engineers, review work in progress, and render reports to the Division Engineer of any unusual features encountered in construction. They correct defects in methods of construction and make recommendations as to changes in methods or materials being used, and advise the Resident Engineers concerning plans and specifications. They make frequent inspections of projects while in the planning stage and during all phases of construction in company with engineers from the General Office and the Public Roads Administration. Construction projects are under the immediate supervision of a Resident Engineer, who also prepares monthly and final statements of work performed by the contractors. Sufficient project engineers, inspectors, instrumentmen and rodmen are assigned to each residency to properly carry on the work.
Maintenance
The maintenance of all roads on the State Highway System is handled by maintenance patrolmen, who are assigned to one or more counties, with a crew and necessary equipment to perform routine maintenance work,

58 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia
such as machining dirt roads, cutting weeds along the right-of-way, and keeping open ditches and drainage structures. On hard surfaced roads, holes are patched as they develop, cracks filled with bituminous materials, and drainage defects corrected. In addition to the regular maintenance crews, each division has several special maintenance outfits in charge of superintendents or foremen, which are provided heavy equipment to handle more difficult repairs on roads and bridges. The work of the patrolmen is supervised by maintenance supervisors under the direction of the Assistant Division Engineer in charge of maintenance.

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 59
Division of Bridge and Road Design
C. N. CROCKER, Bridge Engineer J. A. KENNEDY, Road Design Engineer
The biennium covered by this report is extraordinary m that it occurred during the post-war period that found all industry attempting to regain pre-war status as quickly as possible. Long delayed construction in all fields was started. Commercial buildings and industrial plants, of which Georgia received a fair share, were constructed in un precedented numbers. Increased urban population resulted in overtaxing public services such as water supply, sewage disposal and schools. There resulted from this a nation-wide program of public works construction. Railroads and communication companies started long delayed heavy maintenance, reconstruction and expansion. New radio and television stations were constructed. Heavy public demand for dwellings and durable goods went unabated. Foreign nations clamored for American materials and product!'. And throughout this period Georgia, together with other States, entered the field of high competition for materials and manpower so that highway and bridge deficiencies might be corrected and that the demands of greatly increased highway traffic might be met.
Bridges
These conditions have increased the task of designing and constructing bridges. Lack of sufficient trained engineers has placed extra burden on those available. Railroad car shortages and slow delivery of basic materials such as steel and cement have delayed completion of projects.
Timber of sizes and stress grades required for the construction of timber bridges has all but disappeared from the local market. Delivered price of timber shipped from the Pacific Coast is too high for consideration.
It has, therefore, been necessary fur the Division of Bridge and Road Design to develop a design for a low-cost bridge built of available materials that wili meet the need formerly filled by timber bridges. This design provides a bridge of steel and concrete, stronger and more durable than timber bridges and costing but a small fraction more.
The United States Geological Survey has developed advanced methods of applying stream flow data to the determination of bridge

60 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia
openings. Georgia has entered into a cooperative project with the United States Geological Survey with startling and gratifying results. It has been established that these new methods have made obsolete older methods of determining bridge lengths and the net result has been a substantial saving to the State. Other States, particularly in the southeast where streams are so numerous, are availing themselves of this service offered by the Uniied States Geological Survey with equally satisfactory results and it can be expected that the Highway Department will continue to utilize the latest available scientific methods in preparing bridge plans.
A Few Major Bridge Projects
Following are brief descriptions of a few bridge projects let to contract during the period covered by this report:
Project F-93 (3), Upson and Taylor Counties.
This project covers the reconstruction of a bridge over the Flint River on State Route 22 between Thomaston and Butler. The old bridge at this location was of steel with timber floor, had a roadway width of 16 feet and was constructed in 1920. It has been the site of numerous accidents on account of inadequate width. The new bridge is 778 feet long, with a roadway width of 26 feet and has a design capacity of H-20. The spans are concrete floor on steel beams, the approach spans being supported on steel piles while the main spans over the river are supported on concrete piers. The bid price for this bridge was $205,142.00.
Project F-136 (A), Brooks and Lowndes Counties.
This project covers tht construction of a bridge over Withlacoochee River on State Route 38 between Quitman and Valdosta. The bridge is 1300 feet long and has a roadway width of 26 feet. The floor is concrete on steel beams, with the approach spans on steel piling and the main river spans on concrete piers. While the extreme floods of 1948 taxed this bridge to capacity, the structure was undamaged. The bid price for this bridge was $240,227.00.
Project FAS 233-C (1), Forsyth :md Gwinnett Counties.
This project covers the construction of a bridge over Chattahoochee River on State Route 20 between Cumming and Buford. The old bridge was steel with wood floor, had a roadway width of 11'-6" and a load capacity of 5000 lbs. The new bridge is 800 feet long with a road.vay

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 61
width of 26 feet. The structure is founded on concrete piers and has a concrete floor on steel beams. The bid price for this bridge was $213,870.00.
Project S-206 (3), Tattnall County.
This project covers a portion of the reconstruction of the bridge over Altamaha River on State Route 64 between Baxley and Glennville. The existing bridge was of untreated timber and has remained closed to traffic since early in the war due to its almost entire decay and the impossibility to obtain material for its maintenance. The portion reconstructed under this project is the north approach spans of the main river bridge. These spans total 3,604'-6" in length and have a roadway width of 22 feet. The spans are of the steel pile trestle type with steel beams and concrete floor. The bid price was $352,231.00. The main river spans will be constructed at a later date.
Project F-2606 (1), Hart Co!lnty, Georgia, and Oconee County, South Carolina.
This project covers the replacement of famous Knox bridge over Tugaloo River on State Route 59 between Lavonia and Anderson, S. C. The old bridge was one of the few remaining covered wooden bridges and local steps are now being taken to preserve this structure for its historic interest. The new bridge is 561 feet long with 26 feet roadway width. The main river spans are supported on concrete piers while the approach spans are on steel piles. The floor is concrete on steel beams. The bid price for this bridge is $128,539.50. This bridge was financed jointly by the States of Georgia and South Carolina.
Roadway Design
Roadway plans were prepared during this biennium for the largest construction program in the history of the Highway Department. During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1947, plans were completed for 517 miles of road in 81 counties on the State Highway System and for 54 miles of road in 15 counties on secondary and Post Roads. Of the total mileage, 2.344 miles were for grade crossing elimination by separation and plans for seven projects of this type were completed.
Plans were completed during the fica! year 1948 for 734 miles of road in 83 counties on the State Highway System. Plans were prepared for two projects, 0.558 mile in length, covering grade crossing elimina-

62 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia
tion by separation. Other plans completed during 1948 covered 98 miles of road in 34 counties on secondary and Post Roads.
The following tabulation shows total mileage for completed plans.

RoADWAY PLANs CoMPLETED

Fiscal Year
July 1, 1946 to June 30, 1947....... July 1, 1947 to June 30, 1948.......
Total - 2 Years.....

Miles Completed
Plans

Automatic Flashing
Light

....... 571

2

.......... 832

.....1,403

2

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 63
Division of Construction and Surveys
S. P. ALLISON, Construction Engineer
This division exercises general supervision over survey and construction work of the Highway Department. It maintains liaison with the five field Division Engineers and with the district office of the Public Roads Administration on these two phases of work.
Location Surveys
After a route inspection report has been prepared by the Division of Highway Planning, and a detailed location survey has been authorized, the Construction Engineer and the State Locating Engineer study the information that has been developed and decide the general nature of the improvement to be made, and the nature and extent of the survey that will be required. The State Locating Engineer furnishes the field Division Engineer general instructions and control points and the field work is done by a survey party working under the supervision of the field Division Engineer. Before the penciled plans are completed in the field, the State Locating Engineer and a representative from the field Division Engineer's office :make a location inspection, and review the plans, and give any required advice or instructions regarding completion of the field work.
Soil Surveys
One of the most important recent advances that have been :made in this part of the work is the inclusion of a soil or subgrade survey for each project. Samples of the soil to be encountered on construction are taken by a trained man and submitted to the Laboratory. There the physical characteristics of the soils and their suitability for road building are determined. The plans now show these data and provide for undercutting and back-filling with suitable material, or for corrective treatment where the material in place i., unsatisfactory.
P. S. & E. Inspection
After completion of the field work the penciled plans are delivered to the Division of Bridge and Road Design, where design details and construction quantities are developed. Then the plans are returned to the Division of Construction and Surveys for the Plans, Specifications and

Con truction views of new bridge over Flint River on tate Route 3 between Thomaston and Butler at Upson-Taylor county line. Top view shows driving of sleet- piles for approach spans . Bottom view haws form in place for pouring a concrete pier. Old narrow bridge appears in both pictures.
Project F-93 (3) .

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 65
Estimates inspection. This i~ made by the Construction En~ineer or one of his assistants, the field Division Engineer or his representative, and usually others. With the plans in hand, the site of the proposed work is carefully inspected, and details of the plans are checked. Particular care is taken to insure that provision is made for securing satisfactory materials in the roadway, and that drainage is properly h'lndled by ditches and structures shown on the plans. A report is made showing any desired changes in or additions to the plans and after review and approval of the P. S. & E. report the final plans are completed.
Construction Inspection
When the contract has been let and construction authorized, the Construction Engineer and his assistants make periodic inspections of the contractor's work. One important objective of these inspections is to insure uniform interpretation and application of the specifications in the five field divisions of the State. Advice and assistance is given to the Division Engineer and to his supervisory personnel on questions that arise during construction. Presently one of the more important benefits obtained by these inspections is in securing the high degree of compaction of roadway, subgrade and base that is required by the specifications now in effect.
This division's staff includes :1 man with long training and experience in laboratory and testing work. He specializes in this feature of the work. visiting the five field divisions, and instructs the personnel in the field laboratories and the inspectors in the proper methods of handling their assignments.
The Construction Engineer recommends approval or disapproval of proposed change orders and supplemental agreements proposing changes from the approved plans. On 'projects involving Federal funds, all inspections referred to above are made in company of an engineer from the Public Roads Administration.
The Construction Engineer is regularly in contact with Committees of the American Association of State Highway Officials and State Highway officials of other states. He studies trends and developments in highway design and construction policy, and cooperates with the other division heads of the Highway Department in applying modern methods to the work.

Top, traffic delayed at grade crossing of outhern Ry . Bottom, new underpass constructed at Broad treet in Toccoa lo prevent uch conditions . ew structLtre provides for four lanes of tra.Oic and two sidewalks. Project
FACM 177 (1 ) .

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 67

Division of Urban Projects
J. H. ARCHER, Urban Engineer
The Division of Urban Projects was established in the summer of 1947. and specifically delegated the responsibility for the processing and advancement of projects to be constructed with Federal-aid Urban funds. These funds were made available by the Federal-aid Highway Act of 1944, which carried the first authorization of funds for a Federal-aid Highway System in urban areas, restricted to that purpose. The apportionments to Georgia for the three fiscal years 1946, 1947 and 1948 amounted to $4,845,229. These Federal funds are matched with a like amount of State funds, making a total of $9,69Q,458 available for the improvement of the Federal-aid Highway Syste~ in urban areas of 5,000 or more population.

Urban Areas

The Federal-aid Highway Act of 1944 defined an "urban area" as an area including and adjacent to a municipality or other urban place, of 5,000 or more, the population of such included municipality or other urban place to be determined by the latest available Federal census. It also provided that the boundaries of urban areas would be fixed by the highway department of each state, subject to the approval of the Public Roads Administration. Each area had to include at least the incorporated area of the municipality but could extend outside the corporate limits to include areas which are urban in character. Satellite communities, such as city suburbs in a metropolitan area, could be included regardless of size. Thus, by the establishment of these urban areas, highway planning for the whole community without regard to corporate boundaries and political subdivisions is being facilitated.

Urban area boundaries have been fixed and approved by the Public Roads Administration for all municipalities in Georgia with a population of 5,000 or more, and a map showing the boundaries has been forwarded to the Mayor of each city and to the County Commissioners of the county in which the city is located. A total of 34 such areas have been established. Atlanta includes East Point, College Park, Hapeville, Decatur and several other communities. The other cities for which urban area boundaries have been fixed are as follows:

Albany Americus Athens

Augusta Bainbridge Brunswick

68 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia

Carrollton Cartersville Cedartown Columbus Cordele Dalton Douglas Dublin Elberton Fitzgerald Gainesville Griffin LaGrange Macon

Marietta Milledgeville Moultrie Newnan Rome Savannah Statesboro Thomaston Thomasville Tifton Toccoa Valdosta Waycross

Urban Projects
The following urban projects have been programmed up to June 30, 1948.
Atlanta: North-South Expressway. Albany: Relocation of State Route 3, U. S. 19.
Brunswick: Substructure of a bridge over Brunswick or Turtle River on State Route 25, U. S. 17.
Griffin: Improvement of State Route 7, U. S. 41. Statesboro: Relocation of State Route 26, U. S. 80.
Waycross: Underpass of Atlantic Coast Line Railroad at Carswell Avenue and roadway approaches, on State Route 50.
Contracts have been entered into with private engineering firms for the design and preparation of plans for all of the above-listed projects, except the Albany project, for which plans were prepared by State Highway Department engineers. At the close of the fiscal year on June 30, 1948, contracts had been let for the construction of the Albany and Griffin projects, and plans were complete on the Statesboro and Brunswick projects, and a section of the Atlanta expressway.
In addition to the projects financed with Federal-aid Urban funds, this division also has handled the preparation of plans for urban projects financed with Regular Federal-aid funds in Milledgeville, Cedartown, and Rome. Construction contracts have been let for the projects in Cedartown and Milledgeville.

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 69
Division of Contracts and Office Management
R. W. McCRUM, Office Engineer
The Division of Contracts and Office Management may be described briefly as that division which prepares and handles all documents pertaining to the construction of projects under the various programs established by the State Highway Department. When the Division of Bridge and Road Design completes the plans for any particular project, and secures the necessary approval of such plans, they are then turned over to this division to carry out the remaining steps leading to the final completion of the construction work. These steps consist of the preparation of detailed estimates and sample proposals, which must be approved Ly the Public Roads Administration in the case of projects involving Federal funds. When the necessary approvals are obtained, notices to contractors are prepared and on instructions of the State Highway Director such notices are mailed to the legal organs of the various counties in which the projects are located. These notices specify the dates on which bids will be received and set out detailed quantities of all items comprising the project.
Bids and Contracts
On the date established in the notices, bids are opened in the presence of the State Highway Director and the complete results later tabulated so that the correct low bidder can be ascertained. When the low bids are approved by the Director on State-aid projects, and by the Director and the Public Roads Administration on projects involving Federal funds, the contract and bond are prepared for execution by the contractor, bonding company, and the State Highway Director. When the contracts have been completely executed, this office authorizes construction and prepares detailed estimates for auditing monthly statements in favor of the contractors, and detailed estimates upon which the project agreements with the Public Roads Administration are based for projects involving Federal funds.
Monthly Statements
In accordance with the specifications governing construction work, the field division offices submit monthly statements covering work accom-

70 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia
plished on which payments to the contractors should be made. These state ments are audited and then passed for payment to the Division of Finance and Audits. The Division of Contracts and Office Management is entirely responsible for the correctness of these statements. Upon completion of a project, the division office submits the final statement, with complete details attached, supporting the quantities of all items concerned in the contract. This entire final statement is then audited, including all the tabulations and computations, to verify the quantities as shown on the face of the statement. In the case of projects involving Federal funds, both the monthly and final voucher;; on which claim is made for reimbursement from the Federal Government are prepared and submitted to the Public Roads Administration for audit and payment.
Change Orders
This division is responsible for the proper handling of all changes that may occur in connection with the proper construction of the project. Con tingencies frequently arise that could not be foreseen when the plans were prepared, and this division is responsible for the proper approval of such changes. These changes are handled by change orders or construction changes and supplemental agreements. In cases where it is impracticable to establish unit prices for supplemental agreements, the work is done by force account and the force account bills are handled through this office for approval. On projects involving Federal funds, approval of the Public Roads Administration is obtained for the changes occurring during construction, so that the Federal Government will participate in the increased cost due to such changes.
On all projects involving Federal funds, the Public Roads Administra tion requires the submission of transcripts of the contractor's weekly payrolls or report of labor employed. These payrolls or reports must reflect the entire labor of all classes engaged on the work, and the hours and rates of pay must conform with the labor provisions as set out in the contracts. These payrolls or reports are checked and transmitted to the Public Roads Administration.
Stock Room
The stock room maintained in the General Office, from which all office supplies and field supplies are shipped, is under the direction of this division. The stock room carries a perpetual inventory so that all items may be kept on hand in reasonable quantities to fill orders received from the field divisions, as well as all departments in the General Office. This

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 71
division also is responsible for the approval of all requisitions for materials and supplies, submitted by the division offices, for construction projects. This includes all materials for projects being constructed by State Forces, as well as engineering supplies for the field supervision.
0 ffice Management
The Division of Contracts and Office Management is responsible for the distribution of incoming mail and the dispatch of outgoing mail, the operation. of telephone PBX and teletype machine, maintenance of General Office files, operation of mimeograph, operation of elevators, and the maintenance of buildings and grounds.

The production of peaches is one of Georgia's principal agricultural activities. Above t,s a typical peach orchard.
Photo by Edgar Orr, Allanta

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 73

Summary of Contracts Awarded During Two-Year Period July 1, 1946, to June 30, 1948

Length of Bridges......

7.720 miles

Grading.........

.... .............. . . 115.659 miles

Grading and Base.....

97.142 miles

Base...................................................................

48.196 miles

Bituminous Surfacing...

. ..................................1,703.726 miles

Concrete Pavement......

30.345 miles

Reseal and Resurfacing...... .

........ 344.689 miles

Total Length All Types of Work............

..2,347.477 miles

Number of Bridges............ ........ ...................

251

Number of Underpasses.....................................

4

Number of Grade Crossing Signals....

13

Cost of Bridge Repairs...... . ...........................

$608,355.00

Cost of Flood Damage Repairs..............

61,600.00

Cost of Driveways................. ....................................

37,978.00

Total Amount All Contracts Awarded.....

$57,258,954.00

74 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia

Contracts Awarded July 1, 1946 to June 30, 1947
NUMBER OF LETTINGS 11

FEDERAL-AID PROJECTS

Number of Underpasses.... Number of Grade Crossing Signals Number of Bridges...... Length of Bridges... Grading...................................................
Grading and Base............. Bituminous Surfacing ....................................................... Concrete Pavement.................. Reseal and Resurfacing.... Total Length All Types of Work.... Total Cost All Types of Work...

1
5 42 1.781 6.425 11.004 218.508 13.853 16.253 267.824

Miles Miles Miles Miles Miles Miles Miles
$10,245,445.00

FEDERAL-AID SECONDARY PROJECTS (On State System)

Number of Bridges.. . Length of Bridges... Grading...... Grading and Base... Bituminous Surfacing.......... Total Length All Types of Work.... Total Cost All Types of Work ..............................

44
.917 3.314 35.671 238.262 278.164

Miles Miles Miles Miles Miles
$ 5,731,553.00

FEDERAL-AID SECONDARY PROJECTS (Off State System)

Number of Bridges...

Length of Bridges

.. ..

Grading....

Grading and Base...

Bituminous Surfacing

Total Length All Types of Work.....

Total Cost All Types of Work...

1
0.006 2.511 2.732 25.325 30.574

Mile.s Miles Miles
Miles Miles
$

356,154.00

STATE PROJECTS (Contract Work)

Number of Bridges... Length of Bridges Grading...........,
Grading and Base... Bituminous Surfacing Concrete Pavement........ Reseal and Resurfacing.... Total Length All Types of Work..... Total Cost All Types of Work...

6 0.083 16.249 9.852 69.174 8.636 23.521 127.515

Miles Miles Miles Miles Miles Miles Miles
$ 2,265,261.00

STATE PROJECTS (County Contracts)

Grading ...

Grading and Base... .

Base..

.. ............... .

Reseal and Resurfacing.... .

Bituminous Surfacing.......... .

Concrete Paving....

Total Length All Types of Work...

Total Cost All Types of Work..

-----

13.585 5.239 4.905 1.400 54.309 .500 79.938

Miles Miles Miles Miles Miles Miles Miles
$ 1,177,026.00

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 75

POST ROADS PROJECTS

Number of Bridges ..........................

2

Length of Bridges.....

0.018 Miles

Grading...

10.278 Miles

Grading and Base...

4.548 Miles

Base...

26.441 Miles

Reseal and Resurfacing

6.987 Miles

Bituminous Surfacing...

55.320 Miles

Total Length All Types of Work..

103.592 Miles

Total Cost All Types of Work

$ 1,313,537.00

-------------------------------------------------

STATE MAINTENANCE PROJECTS

(Contract Work)

Grading.......................... Grading and Base... B a s e............................... .
Reseal and Resurfacing Bituminous Surfacing... Concrete Paving.......... Total Length All Types of Work Bridge Repairs.. ......................................... Total Cost All Types of Work..

1.231 9.430 7.700 278.081 12.584 0.094 309.120

Miles Miles Miles Miles Miles Miles Miles
$ 229.672.00 $ 1,226;145.00

76 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia

Contracts Awarded July 1, 1947 to June 30, 1948
NUMBER OF LETTINGS 13

FEDERAL-AID PROJECTS

Number of Underpasses.............................. Number of Grade Crossing Signals.... . Number of Bridges ..................... Length of Bridges......................................................... Grading....
Grading and Base.... Bituminous Surfacing.... Concrete Pavement.......... . Reseal and Resurfacing............. Total Length All Types of Work Total Cost All Types of Work...

3 8 52 1.517 8.940 0.107 251.738 4.984 1.073 268.359

Miles Miles Miles Miles Miles Miles Miles
$14,991,162.00

FEDERAL-AID SECONDARY PROJECTS (On State System)

Number of Bridges. Length of Bridges...
Grading....- Grading and Base................. Bituminous Surfacing ............................... Concrete Pavement.......
Total Length All Types of Work...... Total Cost All Types of Work.....

65 2.530 6.246 9.685 380.820
.579 399.860

Miles Miles Miles Miles Miles Miles

$9,386,449.00

FEDERAL-AID SECONDARY PROJECTS (Off State System)

Number of Bridges.... .................................................. Length of Bridges... Grading..........
Grading and Base... Bituminous Surfacing................... Total Length All Types of Work........ Total Cost All Types of Work..:........

17 0.258 11.056 8.874 92.063 112.251

Miles Miles Miles Miles Miles

$2.413,535.00

STATE PROJECTS (Contract Work)

Number of Bridges... Length of Bridges... Grading.....-................................................. Bituminous Surfacing .................................. Concrete Pavement Reseal and Resurfacing.... Total Length All Types of Work... Total Cost All Types of Work

3 0.168
1.098
175.351
1.699
4.413 182.729

Miles Miles Miles Miles Miles Miles

$4,783,144.00

STATE PROJECTS (County Contracts)

Grading........................ Bituminous Paving...... Driveways.................................
Total Length All 'l'ypes of Work... Total Cost All Types of Work...

13.470 Miles 0.851 Miles
14.321 Miles

$37,978.00 $323,369.00

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 77

POST ROADS PROJECTS

Number of Bridges .. Length of Bridg2s... Grading... Base... Reseal and Resurfacing... Bituminous Surfacing... Total Length All Types of Work.. Total Cost All Types of Work..

16 0.234 20.385 5.450 5.399 127.909 159.377

Miles Miles Miles Miles Miles Miles

$2,397,153.00

STATE MAINTENANCE PROJECTS (Contract Work)

Number of Bridges.......

Length of Bridges.

Grading ..

Base...

Reseal and Resurfacing...

Bituminous Surfacing...

..........

Total Length All Types of Work..

Bridge Repairs.

Flood Damage...

Total Cost All Types of Work..

3 0.208 0.871 3.700 7.562 1.512 13.853

Miles Miles Miles Miles Miles Miles

$378,683.00 $61,1300.00
$649,021.00

Views of the devastating floods in South Georg1:a during April1948.

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 79
Division of Right-of-Way
R. E. ADAMS, Right-of-Way Engineer
During the past two years, the activities of the Division of Right-of-Way have been greatly increased along with that of other divisions due to the heavy road construction program which has been underway. In this period, right-of-way has been acquired on a total of 562 State and Federal-aid projects, including numerous easements and other agreements with railroad and utility companies. Property values have doubled and trebled in many sections, and an unusual number of condemnations have been nec essary where the counties could not reach agreements with property owners on the costs of right-of-way. The counties have cooperated splendidly in the acquisition of right-of-way, but in the more highly developed sections the price of land has increased so sha~ply as to tax the ability of the counties to meet the rising costs. This is especially true in the construction of projects in urban areas and on the National System of Interstate Highways where property damages are generally very heavy, due to the more expensive designs and wider right-of-way. It may become necessary to assist the collnties and municipalities in the purchase of right-of-way for such projects where the property damages are a major item of cost.
Recommended Changes in Laws
As mentioned in previous reports, it seems advisable to consider some revisions in the State laws pertaining to the acquisition of right-of-way, especially the condemnation procedures, so as to allow the Highway Department the right of immediate entry on the property while the proceedings are underway. Another point in this connection worthy of study is a change in the method of assessing damages and benefits to the adjacent property where right-of-way is being taken for public road purposes. In an adjoining state a very satisfactory plan is being followed in having the assessors delay the final award until the completion of the highway when the benefits to the property which have accrued by reason of the construction can be clearly viewed as compared to the damages.
Attention is called to the increasing number of fences, signs and structures of a permanent nature which are being constructed on highway right-of-way. The right-of-way is acquired by the counties, often at considerable expense, and is restricted to highway uses only. It is recommended that concerted efforts be made to keep the right-of-way, once it is acquired, well marked, free of any and all encroachments and, if necessary, to enact suitable legislation to strengthen the present right-of-way statutes to this end.

Tung trees in South Georgia. Tung oil is used in the manufacture of paint and varnish.

Photo by Jo:;dgar Orr. Atl a nta

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 81
Division of Materials and Tests
W. F. ABERCROMBIE, Engineer of Materials and Tests
All materials used in Georgia highway construction are tested by the Laboratory and only those conforming to the standards prescribed in carefully prepared specifications are used. This routine work includes principally the testing and analysis of soils, coarse aggregate, sand, cement, asphalt, steel, paint, concrete beams, cylinders, water, etc. Before drawing plans and beginning construction of any project, a careful investigation is made of materials available and deposits of suitable quality are located. Samples of these materials are tested and the type of construction is governed by the results of those tests.
Investigation is made of subgrade and, when found necessary, the subgrade is either treated or replaced with other material so that the road foundation has sufficient load-bearing capacity. Further investigation is made of available base materials so that when a wearing course is placed the completed road will have sufficient load-bearing capacity and have a smooth, non-skid riding surface that will resist wear and disintegration.
Georgia Materials Used
Every kind of material essential to highway construction is produced in Georgia. Pioneering work in the utilization of top soils and local materials was started in 1917. From this beginning has developed our modern soil science and base stabilization practice which has made possible the low-cost type of roads of sound construction and long life.
Paving mixtures, both asphalt and Portland cement concrete, are designed in the Laboratory so that a suitable type and the most economical proportions are determined that will furnish sufficient load-bearing capacity and the best riding surface. During construction, the Laboratory is kept in contact with the work by means of daily reports and frequent tests of materials being used so that quality and uniformity will be maintained. Concrete test beam,; and cylinders are made at regular intervals during the pouring of concrete paving. Concrete cylinders also are taken from concrete used in the construction of all bridges, culverts, etc. These cylinders are cured and then broken in the 400,000-pound capacity hydraulic test machine in the Laboratory.

Bailey Bridge of the type used by the Armed Forces. Delivered to the site Jour days after the old bridge over Gin Branch in Grady County had been washed out, this BOft. temporary bridge was erected and traffic resumed in one day.

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 83
Lower Cost, Better Design
In order that improved design and lower costs may be effected in construction, the Division of Materials and Tests works in close cooperation with the Design, Construction, and Maintenance Divisions.
Special investigations have been conducted by the Laboratory, including tests on fill and embankment materials, subgrade materials, concrete paving expansion joints, and concrete crack surveys.
It has been found by laboratory research and actual project tests that by using an RC-3 asphalt, heavier than the RC-1 previously used, that it is possible to reduce the amount of bituminous material for road mixes by 25%, which reduction represents actual savings in dollars and cents.
In 1947, the Laboratory began ~o make all soil surveys throughout the State, which work had been done previously by personnel in the respective field divisions. The cost of soil survey drillings made by the Laboratory is averaging less than fifty cents a foot over the State, as against a commercial cost of $1.25 to $2.25 a foot. Also, by the Laboratory making the survey the average number of samples has been reduced approximately 80 per cent compared with the samples which were taken by the field divisions. This has reduced laboratory costs alone approximately $75.00 per mile for surveys and also has decreased the expense of maintaining soil survey parties in the field.
Research is conducted by the Laboratory as a regular part of its activities. Regular testing equipment is used for this work, supplemented by special equipment.
Methods of tests not only are checked periodically by a representative of the National Bureau of Standards but are kept in strict conformance with methods prescribed by the American Society for Testing Materials, the American Association of State Highway Officials and their specifications. Also, the Public Roads Administration and the National Bureau of Standards require that the Laboratory have sufficient personnel, who are well equipped and thoroughly familiar with the duties involved in laboratory testing.
Number of samples tested for year ending June 30, 1947 _____________________31,581.
Number of samples tested for year ending June 30, 1948________________________27,918.

84 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia
Division of Maintenance, Equipment and Warehouse
C. W. LEFTWICH, Maintenance Engineer
The Division of Maintenance, Equipment and Warehouse is operated under the general supervision of the Maintenance Engineer, aided by Assistant Maintenance Engineers. The chief function of this division is to keep the roads and bridges on the State Highway System in a safe, travelable condition and to protect the initial investment which these highways represent. Its supplemental activities consist of operating shops, warehouses, and center line and sign outfits..
Maintenance
All matters pertammg to maintenance work are handled through the five field Division Engineers and their assistants. The Assistant Maintenance Engineers and Maintenance Supervisors direct the activities of the maintenance patrolmen and foremen. A maintenance patrolman, with a crew of equipment operators and laborers, is assigned to one or more counties, and handles the routine maintenance of State Highways in the designated area. This includes scraping and shaping earth roads, patching pavements of various types, cutting weeds and grass, cleaning culverts, ditches and such other work as is required to make the highway safe and serviceable.
Each of the five divisions has special maintenance outfits, in charge of superintendents or foremen, which are equipped to do asphalt work, bridge repairs, heavy ditching and reshaping of earth roads, building shoulders, soiling earth roads, and heavy work not performed by regular maintenance crews.
The Highway Research Board in its report on cost trends of highway maintenance and operation, dated December 1947, shows that the average cost of maintenance on highways in the United States in 1947 was 7l% higher than the 1935 cost, and 58% higher than the 1940 cost. The 1948 cost has not been determined as yet, but to date the cost m Georgia for 1948 is considerably above the 1947 cost and still rising.
Equipment
During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1948, the State Highway Department purchased approximately one and one-quarter million dollars worth of additional equipment for maintenance work. This equipment

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 85
consists of trucks, tractors, road machines, motor patrols, asphalt-handling equipment, etc.
Shops are maintained at East Point and Douglas under the supervision of the Superintendent of Equipment, which are equipped to make major as well as minor repairs to all types of equipment used by the Maintenance Division. Smaller shops equipped to handle minor repairs are located throughout the State. During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1948, the Douglas Shop handled 373 jobs with a value of $104,560.88 and the East Point Shop completed 1,117 jobs worth $444,955.84, or a total of 1,490 jobs amounting to $549,516.72.
Warehouses
Warehouses located at East Point and Douglas at all times carry a complete stock of repair parts, tools, supplies, paint, tires, greases and various other items used by the maintenance forces, and are under the direction of the Superintendent of Warehouses. All items used by t~ shops are cleared through the warehouse records so that purchases may be made in large quantities, thereby effecting a considerable saving in cost.
Center Line and Signs
One Assistant Maintenance Engineer is in charge of pamtmg center line on paved roads and furnishing and erecting the necessary road warning and directional signs. This work covers the entire State Highway System of 14,385 miles and is essential to the convenience and safety of the traveling public. Sign crews are located at various points throughout the State to handle the erection and maintenance of signs. During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1948, the three crews working on center line put down paint on 6,046 miles of paving at a total cost of $235,489.98, or an average cost of $38.95 per mile. The Sign Shop at East Point painted and shipped to the field divisions monthly approximately 3,000 signs of all descriptions. For the entire year, 35,316 signs were shipped, valued at $91,171.09.

86 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia

Post Roads Division
F. P. KING, Director
The Post Roads program is being carried out in close cooperation with the County Commissioners, and every effort has been made by the Highway Department to work with the Commissioners to develop a wellimproved system of farm-to-market and Post Roads. There are 76,718 miles of roads in Georgia not on the State Highway System and the construction and maintenance of these roads are the primary responsibility of the counties, though the Highway Department undertakes to assist in the improvement of these roads to the extent that funds are made available.

Work Placed Under Contract
During the two years covered by this report, the Highway Department let contracts for the improvement of 405 miles of roadway and the construction of 36 bridges, 0.516 mile in length, on Post Roads and farmto-market roads, at a cost of nearly 61fz million dollars. A summary of the projects placed under contract is listed below, and a detailed tabulation, giving the mileage of each type of construction, is presented elsewhere in this report.

Number Projects

Federal-aid Secondary Projects....... 100% State Fund Projects...................
Total..................

26 79 -105

Length in Miles
142.8 262.9
--
405.7

Cost $2,769,689.00
3,710,690.00
$6,480,379.00

For the past year, the Post Roads Division has been assigned the responsibility of preparing all Federal-aid programs for submission to the Public Roads Administration for approval, including all project revisions.

Federal-aid Secondary System
The selection of the Federal-aid Secondary System of Roads for the State of Georgia was delegated to the Post Roads Division in conjunction with the Division of Highway Planning, and this work has been completed. Additional routes may be added to the System from time to time if the need is justified, and consideration will continue to be given to making such changes or additions in the System as deemed to the best interests of the State and the counties. The roads were selected in cooperation with the County Commissioners and their concurrence was obtained

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 87
before the list was submitted to the Public Roads Administration for approvaL The Federal-aid Secondary System in Georgia as approved by the Public Roads Administration contains 11,850.8 miles, as of June 30, 1948. This includes 6,466.8 miles on the State Highway System and. 5,384 miles of county roads.
This Division also has been engaged in checking Rural Free Delivery and Star Mail Routes, and compiling information as to the correct mileage of these routes.

TRAFFIC FLOW MAP STATE HIGHWAY SYSTEM
1946
Prepared by
DIVISION OF HIGHWAY PLANNING

T EN N E s s EE

N 0RTH

cAR0 L

N A

0

GREENVILLE
m
...J

,--
/ /
27

STATE OF

TRAFFIC FLOW MAP

SYSTEM OF STATE ROADS

PREPARED BY
STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA
DIVISION OF HIGHWAY PLANNING
IN COOPERATION WITH
PUBLIC ROADS ADMINISTRATION FEDERAL WORKS AGENCY

SCALE IN MILES

10

0

10

20

30

40

1946

0
<
/

LEGEND
STATE BOUNDARY STATE CAPITOL COUNTY SEAT OTHER TOWNS UNITED STATES HIGHWAY STATE HIGHWAY

(@)
0
0
@
175

ANNUAL AVERAGE 24HOUR TRAFFIC ALL TYPES OF MOTOR VEHICLES
1946

TRAFFIC SCALE TRAFFI C OF IOOVEHICLES OR LESS - - - - - -

5000

0

5000

10000 VEHICLES

FOR INSETS IIIIULTIPLY TRAFFIC SCALE IIY EIGHT
0

0
v
129
CAMP STEWART HINESVILLE
ANTI-AIRCRAFT AREA
196 - - ,
\
'

SALE CITY

___ / ,..,. 122 .......""__ ,
OKEFENOKEE WILDLIFE REFUGE
135
I I I I I

0
0
-
,_
1-

F

L

0

R

0

A

GQPfltiGHT, STATE HIGH W.U DEPT OF GA

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 89
Division of Highway Planning
OPERATED IN CooPERATION WITH
U. S. PuBLic RoADS ADMINISTRATION
ROY A. FLYNT, State Director
The Division of Highway Planning has completed eleven years of operation with a progressive broadening of the scope of its activities. This Division is operated in cooperation with the U. S. Public Roads Administration and much of the work as carried on in this Division has been made a prerequisite of approval for Federal-aid construction projects. Funds for the operation of this Division have been provided through the various Federal Highway Acts of Congress, which authorized the use of 11;2 per cent of all Federal highway funds for engineering and economic studies for advance planning. These Federal funds are matched by State funds.
The principal functions of the Division of Highway Planning consist of conducting continuing fact-finding studies, economic investigations, fiscal studies, inventories of highway systems, rural and urban traffic surveys, traffic engineering, preparation of state and county maps, and recording the history of road development. Reports and recommendations prepared on the basis of these studies and records are designed to aid the State Highway Director and other officials of the Highway Department in the formulation of policies and the intelligent planning of future highway programs.
Rural Traffic Surveys
A yearly program of regularly scheduled state-wide traffic counts is conducted by the use of portable traffic recording machines. Supplementing the information obtained from the state-wide traffic counts is' that derived from the ten permanently installed electric automatic traffic recording machines located at strategic points, eight of which are on the State Highway System and two on local county roads. These automatic traffic recorders were installed in 1938 and have been in continuous operation since. The machines count and record passing vehicles hourly throughout the year. The records obtained have been very valuable in making detailed studies of hourly volumes and in effecting a correlation between these and annual averages. It is now possible to anticipate future hourly volumes and their frequency of recurrence by using present data from the recorders. A chart is presented in this report which shows the

90 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia
monthly variation of rural traffic in Georgia for the period from 1938 to 1948, based on traffic data collected from these automatic traffic recorders.
A traffic flow map of the State Highway System has been prepared on the basis of information obtained by the state-wide traffic counts and the automatic traffic recorders. A copy of the traffic flow map is included in this report and additional copies may be obtained from the Division of Highway Planning upon request.
Loadometer operations are conducted each year at twelve locations to obtain data on truck weights, measurements, axle weights, and other pertinent information.
Urban Traffic Studies
Recognizing the increase in traffic problems in urban areas, the Division of Highway Planning has been conducting comprehensive traffic studies in the metropolitan area of the larger cities for the past several years. Prior to 1947, traffic studies had been completed in Atlanta, Savannah, Columbus, \Vaycross and Brunswick, and detailed reports, with recommendations, were furnished to the city officials. During this biennium, traffic studies have been completed and reports prepared for Macon and Augusta. The basic field work has been completed for similar studies in Athens, Rome, Gainesville and LaGrange, and reports are now in process of preparation. Future studies will be made in other cities as the need for highway improvement is determined by preliminary investigations. These studies are designed to provide information which will assist in the selection of suitable road locations into and through the metropolitan areas.
Special studies have been made in all cities where Federal-aid Urban projects have been proposed, in order to fit the improvements to an ultimate street and highway system that will be of the greatest benefit to the residents of the area and to the traveling public.
Traffic Engineering
This Division has investigated and prepared plans for the improvement of vehicle and pedestrian movement at 185 locations in 94 counties on the State Highway System. Improvements recommended and com pleted include the erection of traffic signals and highway traffic signs, the establishment and marking of no-passing and speed zones, the rerouting of traffic, the redesign of intersections, and the control of traffic at schools for the protection of school children.
A traffic and motor vehicle code for the State of Georgia has been prepared for submission to the Governor and General Assembly for their

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 91
consideration. The code provides for the uniform regulation of traffic on streets and highways, for the uniform installation and maintenance of traffic-control devices, and defines the powers of local governmental authorities to enact and enforce ordinances, rules and regulations.
A Manual of Highway Traffic Signs also has been prepared, which contains standards and specifications for design, placement and use of modern guide, regulatory and warning traffic signs.
Reports of accidents occurring on the State Highway System are analyzed to determine location and causes of accidents, and improvements are devised to eliminate accidents and congestion.
Preliminary road design plans are reviewed by the Division of Highway Planning and advice is given on the geometric design elements which affect traffic movement and safety.
Grade Crossings Study
Studies have been made of all highway-railroad grade crossings in the State for the purpose of establishing a hazard rating on each cros~ ing. A comprehensive listing has been prepard according to priority for protection or elimination, and copies of this listing have been furnished to the officials of the railroads concerned and to the various Highway Department officials for their guidance in programming future grade crossing projects. These studies are based on the railroad and highway traffic, the physical conditions, and the accident record of each crossing so that intelligent planning may determine the type of protection or elimination that would be economically feasible with the funds that are made available.
Road Inventory
Re-inventory of roads is in progress on the State Highway System, the Federal-aid Highway System and the Federal-aid Secondary System to provide current information and to include data on new construction completed since the initial inventory was made. The records will be revised to incorporate this information as to the length, width, and thickness of pavements, the condition and type of surfaces, the condition of bridges and culverts, and other pertinent data. As the re-inventory is completed, the county maps will be revised.
Road inventory data have been usd in the preparation of charts and tables which show the adequacy of all roads on the State System, based on width, sight distance restrictions, surface defects, traffic volumes, et

92 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia
cetera. These charts and tables will be of value in determining which roads should be given priority in developing future construction programs.
Maps
Maps of all counties in Georgia, prepared by this Division, are available to the public at cost. These maps show all roads, streams, railroads, municipalities, militia districts, and cultural items such as dwellings, farm units, schools, churches, parks, industries, business establishments, and other origins of traffic. The value and usefulness of these maps are evidenced by the large demand from individuals, business and engineering concerns, and governmental agencies. The State Highway map issued for free distribution to the public has been revised several times during this biennium and work continues toward effecting improvements in its appearance and lucidity.
Route Inspection Reports
Field inspections are made and route reports prepared by the Division of Highway Planning on all projects before location surveys are made. These reports contain information on the population to be served, the source and volume of traffic, any alternate routes considered feasible, present condition of the road, gradients, stream crossings, railroad crossings, railroad and traffic hazards, and other features which will be of assistance in selecting the most advantageous route for the project to be constructed as well as other projects subsequently proposed.
Road Life Study
The main highways of the State, especially those constructed during the 1920's, are now entering the period of maximum rate of replacement. Accordingly, there is urgent need for evaluating the probable magnitude of these replacements based upon the expectancies of the highway facilities now in service. Further, it is essential that the replacement and modernization of worn-out highways be accomplished at a rate consistent with the most efficient use of currently available and anticipated future revenues. The basic data needed in the planning of these improvements are provided by the Road Life Study, which is an important phase of the work of the Division of Highway Planning.
The Road Life Study provides a complete record of every road and bridge constructed by the Highway Department since its organization in 1916. These records show the amount of expenditures for each type of construction, a detailed description of each road and bridge by location,

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 93
type of surface, length, width, year built, and all subsequent retirements and reconstruction.
Records of Highway Systems
This Division assembles factual data required by the Public Roads Administration in justification of all projects included in the various Federal-aid programs and prepares reports to substantiate requests for addition to or changes in the Federal-aid Systems. It keeps records and prepares a log of the Federal-aid Systems, showing the paved and unpaved mileage on each route. An annual report is compiled for the Public Roads Administration, giving information as to the mileage and surface types of all county roads.
The official records of the State Highway System are kept by this Division and tabulations are made of the State System by routes, counties and Congressional Districts. Reports are prepared for the use of the Highway Director and the Highway Commission in determining the roads to be added to the State System.
Fiscal Study
Each year information is compiled on the revenue, expenditures, and outstanding bond indebtedness for roads and streets of all counties and municipalities in the State. These data are obtained directly from the records of the local governmental units. Monthly and annual statistical reports are prepared for the use of Highway officials and the Public Roads Administration on motor-vehicle registrations, highway-user taxes, and highway expenditures.

Portable loadometer scales, slwwn in insert, are operated by the Division of Highway Planning to obtain the axle and wheel weights

Monthly Variation of Rural Traffic in Georgia 1938..1948

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA
DIVISION OF HIGHWAY PLANNING
IN COOPERATION WITH PUBLIC ROADS ADMINISTRATION
MONTHLY VARIATION OF RURAL TRAFFIC IN GEORGIA, 1938-1948
ON MAIN HIGHWAYS 8 LOCAL ROADS 1941 ADJUSTED DAILY AVERAG=100
BASED ON TRAFFIC DATA FROM FIXED AUTOMATIC TRAFFIC RECORO[RS AT7 POINTS ON MAIN HIGHWAYS 8 3 POINTS ON LOCAL ROADS
Outside the incorporated areas of the State, traffic moving over the 87,600 miles of State and county roads traveled approximately 9,300,000 vehicle-miles every 24 hours in 1947.
The State Highway System, with about 15% of the mileage, carried 75% of this traffic load.
County roads, with 85% of the mileage, accommodated 25% of the traffic that was moving about the State.
The Federal-aid Highway System, which contained 48% of the mileage on the State Highway System, carried approximately 65% of the total traffic on all rural roads in the State.
Less than 1% of the total rural public road mileage m Georgia carried about 65% of the total rural traffic in the State.

A bridge typical of a previous era in highway construction in Georgia. 134 covered bridges are still in service, of which 23 are on the State Highway ystem.

ILLUSTRATION OF LIMITS OF WEIGHT 8
SIZE OF MOTOR VEHICLES OPERATED IN GEORGIA

SINGLE UNIT, 2-AXLE TRUCK

MAXIMUM lENGTH 35 FEET 1
MAXIMUM HEIGHT - 132 FEET MAXIMUM WIDTH - B FEET

!BUMPER TO BUMPER) !OVERALL)

Maximum gross weight not to exceed 36.000 lbs. but in no event to exceed
18,000 lbs. on any axle.

18,000 LBS

+

16,000 LBS

26 FEET

~ 36.000 LBS. W: 700 ( 26 4- 40) = 46, ZOO LBS.

SINGLE- UNIT, 3-AXLE TRUCK

MAXIMUM LENGTH MAXIMUM HEIGHT MAXIMUM WIDTH -

35 FEET (BUMPER TO BUMPER) 13i FEET (OVERALL) 8 FEET

Maximum gross weight not to exceed 46,200 lbs. but In no event to exceed 18,000 lbs. on any axle.

TRACTOR-TRUCK SEMI- TRAILER COMBINATION

MAXIMUM LENGTH - 45 FEET (BUMPER TO BUMPER}

MAXIMUM HEIGHT

13t FEET (OVERALL)

MAXIMUM WIDTH - 8 FEET

Maximum gross weight
not to exceed 53,200 lbs. but in no event to exceed 18,000 lbs. on any axle.

18,000 LBS

+ 18,000 LBS.

18,000 LBS." 54,000 LBS.

Jo-------,,.6-,.F"'EE"'T,.--------ooi W=700 (36+40 l ~ 53.200lBS

Explanations of the above illustrations are presented on the opposite page.

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 97

Limitations of Weight and Size

of Motor Vehicles

By Georgia Public Service Commission

The following interpretation of the Act governing the limitations of weight and size of motor vehicles operated in Georgia, as well as the illustrations on the opposite page, were prepared by the Georgia Public Service Commission and are reproduced herein as information. Any inquiries concerning the law on this subject should be addressed to the Georgia Public Service Commission, State Capitol, Atlanta, Georgia.
The Act is applicable to all trucks, whether operated privately or for hire.

Size

No vehicles shall exceed a width including any load of......

8 Feet

No vehicles with or without load shall exceed a height of

13% Feet

No vehicle shall exceed a length overall, including bumpers, of 35 Feet

Combinations may not exceed two vehicles or units and when

so combined, overall length shall not exceed.............. ...................... 45 Feet

Loads of poles, logs, lumber, structural steel, piping, and timber may

exceed the length herein fixed without requiring a special permit.

Weight
There are two methods, under the law, by which the permitted weight may be determined and it is provided that the lesser of the two must prevail.
(l). The gross weight (weight of vehicle and lading) shall not exceed 9,000 lbs. per wheel carrying low pressure pneumatic tires and the gross weight shall not exceed 18,000 lbs. per axle. All axles must be at least 40 inches apart.
(2). Under this method the gross weight (weight of vehicle and lading) is determined by the application of a formula devised by the American Association of State Highway Officials.
The formula is- W = C (L plus 40) where W = the total gross weight C=700 L =Distance between the front and rear axle (in feet) of the vehicle or combination.
(Illustrations are presented on the opposite page).

COUNTIES IN GEORGIA
RECEIPTS AND ExPENDITURES FOR RoADS AND BRIDGES
For Seven-Year Period 1940-1946, Inclusive

RECEIPTS

I

EXPENDITURES

I

COUNTY

County Revenue

Receipts from Highway Refunding Total Receipts

Construction

Cost of

Bonds and

Total Expenditures

for Roads and Bridges

State Treasurer (Motor Fuel Tax)

Certificates and Forestry Funds

for County Roads and Bridges

and Maintenanre

Right-of-Way (All Systems)

Interest Retirements

for County Roads and Brid~es

----------

Appling .......
Atkinson. ...



..

s

Bacon. ..... .........

Baker .....

Baldwin ..

Banks. ... ..........

132.938

s

267,585

$

102,488

$

503,011

19,538 69,809

193,570 152,787

. . ..

213,108 222,596

17,524 141,615

144,349 132,805

.. i :399

161,873 275,819

66,813

144,366

29

211,208

$

255,618

s

129,328

1,415 2,311

$

..92,903

$

349,936 131,639

145,897

6,013

26,215

178,125

121,218

1,844

.. .....

123,062

221,395

1,498

222,893

172,210

.. .....

30,720

202,930

Barrow ..

..

Bartow ...

Ben Hill .. . . . . . . . . .

Berrien ..

Bibb .....

....

Bleckley. ........ ...

Brantley. ....

84,394 338,526
91,729
57' 723 790,035 54,293
9,885

170,654
246,545 169,542 270,113 159,103 121,876 205,177

35,934
6,140
.....
4.4..0.,5.9. 5
18,019

290,982 585,071
267,411 327,836 1,389, 733 176,169 233,081

160,623
566,569 255,207 258,422 595,099 154,771
153,727

6,950 936
6,517
9,138 35,169
947 5,188

.5.1..,5.0..0 ..
312,572 . ......

219,073 567,505
261 '724 267,560 942.840 155,718 158,915

Brooks .. ..

Bryan ....

......

Bulloch. .........

Burke ......

Butts ..... Calhoun ..

.. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . I

Camden.

Candler. ......

Carroll.. ..........

Catoosa ... .....

CChhaartlhtaomn .................

Chattahoochee ..

Chattooga .. .......

Cherokee ..

Clarke. Clay . . . . . .

.....

Clayton .. .... ....

Clinch ............

Cobb .... Coffee ....

.............. .

...

..

Colquitt . . . . . . . . Columbia.......

...

Cook .......... ...

Coweta ....... ......

Crawford ..

Crisp. .....

Dade. .............

150,629 31,521
257,294 83,089
184,806 98,600 26,933 11,468
333,189 67,245 31,452
1,457' 736 2,500
296,783 198,288
313,784 9,329
148,052 20,979 2,352,881 73,591
704,826 29,738 122,411
460,507 40,953 91,867 75,157

285,127 187,356 302,156 310,7M
132,598 153,437 184,635 130,662 336,979
' 112,869
237,205 303,504
93,422
115,271 220,463 132,878 105,924 135,318
319,279 239,653 281,793 273,721 165,265 113,827
207,783 162,725 164,523
!54 ,594

179,660

724
.... ...
2,366
i.5.7..:o.oo
40,675
6..27,040
202 49,902 186,490
..
.... ...... . ..... ....
.... ..
6,073 244,367
9,513 ....... ..

615,416
218,877 559,450 394,577 317,404 252,037
213,934 142,130
827' 168 180,114
309,332 2,388,280
95,922
412,256 468,653 633,152 115,253 283,370 340,258
2,592,534 355,384 978,547 195,003 242,311 912,657 213,191 256,390
229,751

309,727 171,259
528,054 374,577 296,068 196,064 174,077 123,493
706,898 147,698 180,379
1,286,411 84,400
297' 107 419,317 325,158 92,703 246,987 170,201
1,149,784 283,237 626,465 145,265 193,481 695,631 197,912 192,936
I 149,033

21,336 2,320 17,946 1,477 2,182
1, 749 2,486 1,299
4,150 1,511 2,954
96,021 10
5,366
298 3,254
1,015 6,604 1,198 32,950 5,896 8,467
1,248 5,230 5,803
998-
1,591
I 7,251

272,555 ....
220 ... 62,052
.......
173,542 29,365 21,000
9....3.5.,.7..6..1..
2..0...3...,9..3....5
12,250 . ..... 225,050
'54: i4:i
188,084 ....... .. 92,289

603.618 173,579 546,220
376,054 360,302
197,813
176,563 124,792 884,590
178,574 204,333 2,318,193 84,410
302,473 419,615 532,347
93,718 253,591
171,399 I, 194,984
289,133 859,982
146,513 252,854
889,518 198,910 194,527 248,573

j

COUNTIES IN GEORGIA
RECEIPTS AND ExPENDITURES FOR RoADS AND BRIDGES
For Seven-Year Period 1940-1946, Inclusive

COUNTY

County Revenue for Roads and Bridges

Dawson .......... .

Decatur ............ .

DeKalb ... .

Dodge ............. .

Dooly.. . .. .

Dougherty .......... .

Douglas ......... .

Early..... . ....... .

Echols .............. .

Effingham... . ... .

Elbert ...... .

Emanuel.. . .. .

Evans..... . ....... .

Fannin ........ .

Fayette ............. .

Floyd....

. .. .

Forsyth ........... .

Franklin. . ... .

Fulton .......... .

Gilmer...... . ..

Glascock ............. .

Glynn..... . ..

Gordon .............. .

Grady. . ......... .

Greene .......... .

Gwinnett.

Habersham

Hall ........ .

Hancock. . ... .

Haralson. . ...... .

Harris ............... .

Hart........... .

Heard ........... .

Henry ............. .

Houston ......... .

Irwin.

. ..

Jackson .... ...... .

Jasper. . . . . . . ..... .

Jeff Davis ...... .

Jefferson.

. ... 1

Jenkins ......... .... 1

6,270 100,504 1,390,069
242,498 164,006 162,220 91,464 182,805
8,968 128,746
210,166 110,784 30,653 203,246
16,420 1,078,726
80,159 54,989 11,022,247 78,444
2,719 788,696
407,028 82,134 49,456 239,119 146,840
561,612 51,857 249,861
183,038 135,925 24,054 178,122 101,405
81,169 143,243 72,357 66,950 106,028
30,142

RECEIPTS

Receipts from State Treasurer (Motor Fuel Tax)
194' 756 270,521 225,650 296,384 214,911 163,678 146,798 215,662 186,051 189,890
217' 220 423,597 120,104 139,659 150,936 217,360 140,287 206,768 441,013 160,564 98,889 199,295 163,750 315,289 198,480 304,448 203,319 256,112 181,899 191,910 270,163 190,380 152,077 223,905 220,034 148,607 213,144 248,251 141,485 333,115 152,469

Highway Refunding Certificates and Forestry Funds
4,855 185,815
57,606 197,566 26,695
83,275 221,995
34,344 9,372 6,393
58,966 28,378
106,800 9,254 38,788 22,164
192,521 500
4,000 14,966 21,336 39,652
109,795 144,695
25,000

Total Receipts for County Roads
and Bridges
205,881 556,840 1,615, 719 538,882 436,523 523,464 264,957 398,467 195,019 318,636 510,661 756,376 150,757 377,249 176,728 I ,302,479 220,446 261,757 11,522,226 267,386 101,608 1,094,791 580,032 436,211 270,100 543,567 542,680 818,224
237' 756 456,737 474,537 365,957 176,131 511,822 466,134 229,776 381,387 320,608 208,435 439,143 182,611

Construction and
Maintenance
172,790 280,787 1,472,305 491,005 337,823 350,969 146,079 382,787 134,322 298,485 278,431 382,112 110,256 370,380 154,216 936,605 200,688 135,602 8,620,393 201,129 70,814 290,728 455,687 297,417 224,606 473,151 206,842 769,220 212,960 352,926 460,720 233,806 130,412 371,214 178,872 193,801 343,359 284,565 170,950 360,125 135,862

EXPENDITURES

Cost of Right-of-Way (All Systems)
497
i7;os6
3,462 794
.... 1,095 3,521 912 25
4,294 6,902 3,313 2,019 20,021
250 2,942 120,094
565 86 4,150 3,338 4,927 866 1,354 2,837 6,827 4,837 4,608 3,827 5,005 2,138 580 5,814 8,126 9,365 3,508 4,394 4,663 1,824

Bonds and Interest
Retirements
18,250 178,217 392,806
7s;:i:io
141,450 61,147
141,388 161,897
14,238 27,781
307,145
.85;i26
54,696
297,875 189,586 99,827
102,375 185,500 23,941 84,800
"94;i:i9
81,579 97,694 24,866 23,095
21,030 108,074

Total Expenditures for County Roads
and Bridges
191,537 459,004 1,882,197 494,467 416,947 492,419 208,321 386,308 135,234 298,510 419,819 548,303 131,396 401,474 156,235 1,263,771 200,938 138,544 8,825,613 256,390 70,900 592,753 648,611 402,171 225,472 474,505 312,054 961,547 241,738 442,334 464,547 332,950 132,550 453,373 282,380 226,793 375,819 288,073 196,374 472,862
137' 686

COUNTIES IN GEORGIA
RECEIPTS AND ExPENDITURES FOR RoADs AND BRIDGES
For Seven-Year Period 1940-1946, Inclusive

RECEIPTS

EXPENDITURES

COUNTY

I County Revenue I Receipts from Highway Refunding Total Receipts I Construction

for Roads

State Treasurer

Certificates and for County Roads

and

Cost of Right-of- Way

Bonds and Interest

Total Expendi turcs for County Roads

and Bridges

(Motor Fuel Tax) Forestry Funds

and Bridges

Maintenance

(All Systems)

Retirements

and Bridges

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -~------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Johnson ... s

Jones . Lamar Lanier

....................





Lauren~. .....

47,059 67,284 60,174 3,806 456,073

$

168,142

$

199,515

111,730

214,023

387,373

..

$

. ~
.... ..
. . . . . .

215,201
266,799 171,904 217,829 843,446

$

170,002

s

243,614

148,135

68,552

662,512

2,889 984 596

$

18,350
.. .....

7,692 19,941

2i2;97o

$ 191,241 244,598 148,731
76,244
895,423

Lee ... ~. ...

46,440

159,989

206,429

141,983

1,806

22,801

166,590

Liberty.

28,709

243,394

... ...

2Z2, 103

136,910

7,544

.. . ....

144,454

Lincoln. ....

14.462

134,089

..

148,551

115,032

133

115,165

Long .. ~~. .... .....

14,109

133,780

147,889

76,010

145

25,000

101,155

Lowndes ..

...

Lumpkin ..

Macon ....

Madison.

1-f.arion . ... ...

McDuffie ..

370,435 16,1153 52,347
46,119 3, 914 33,581

328,423
166,111 283,472
204,707 148,344 1,29,991

219,456

44,251 96,795

I

..

...
..

I

918,314
227,015 432,614 250,826
152,258 163,5i2

363,370
133,367 211,896 217,681 128,423
115,584

.5.2. ,.9.1.0.
.6.,001 ~ 793

208,920

30,518

124,321

.
.

.~

.
.

.
.

..
..

.

..

631,200
163,885 336,217
223,682 128,423 116,377

Mcintosh ... ..

62,313

121,369

183,682

146,633

5,601

13,096

165,3-30

Meriwether . ..

109,431

299,231

196,455

605,117

378,382

..

184,805

563,187

Miller~~

71,425

105,724

19,800

196,949

173,371

10,157

183,528

Mitchell ..

90,683

335,029

153,596

579,308

316,800

29,556

159,850

506,206

Monroe .... Montgomery. : ....

76,317 68,735

289,071 158,197

4,375

369,763 226,932

363,035 164,688

785 4,819



363,820 169,507

Morgan ....

177,248

157,314

107,605

442,167

210,015

1,819

207,613

419,447

Murray .... ....

58,064

129,906

I ,505

189,475

148,881

360

149,241

Muscogee .... .....
Newton ......

1 ,588,114 105,140

188,296 240,132

413,900 47.735

2,190,310 393,007

1,215,162 271,534

14,845 12,607

621,073 .... ...

1,851,080 284,141

Oconee ......
Oglethorpe . .....

28,271 52,848

128,378 181,751

13,055 .......

169,704 234,599

133,555 160,564

586 5,803

24;66o

134,141 191,027

Paulding.
Peach~~
Pickens. .....

51,521 46,969 62,140

228,190 100,503 193,760

.. 67,4 79

279,711 147,472
323,379

177,813 116,677 214,683

890 717
1,025

24,150
.53 ~665

202,853 117,394 269,373

Pierce .... ....

109,884

162,613

84.940

357,437

128,851

15,732

61,235

205,818

Pike ........

57,907

103,147

161,054

156,274

265

156,539

Polk ... .... ...
Pulaski~. ...
Putnam .... ....
Quitman. Rabun .....

428,378 35,873 32,788 9,054 116,332

157,931 139,775 178,916 89,563 150,495

91,705
. . ~ 51,635
154,230

678,014 175,648 263,339
98,617 421,057

470,976 130,809 235,144
77,545 180,043

1,577 1,585 2,662
6,373 23,432

288,956 66,358 .. . ....
....
55,256

761,509 198,752 237,806
83,918 258,731

Randolph.

71,167

139,192

....

210,359

183,095

1,988

185,083

Richmond.
Rockdale~ Schley~

620,317 81,805
15,528

193,206 122,587
105,051

6..18..,0.3.3. ..

1,431,556 204,392 120,579

634,373 100,137 89,704

328 2,873
500

273,783
.5.3..,4.7..8

908,484 156,488 90,204

COUNTIES IN GEORGIA
RECEIPTs AND ExPENDITUREs FOR RoADS AND BRIDGEs
For Seven-Year Period 1940-1946, Inclusive

RECEIPTS

EXPENDITURES

COUNTY

County Revenue

Receipts from Highway Refunding Total Receipts

Construction

Cost of

Bonds and

Total Expenditures

for Roads

State Treasurer

Certificates and for County Roads

and

Right-of-Way

Interest

for County Roads

and Bridges

(Motor Fuel Tax) Forestry Funds

and Bridges

Maintenance

(All Systems)

Retirements

and Bridges

--------- -------

-------- ------- ---------

Screven. .......

135,186

244,075

20,375

399,636

328,355

..

328,355

Seminole.

31,282

109,801

141,083

123,769

52

2,300

126,121

Spalding ..

325,445

125,089

188,845

639,379

488,357

..

168,464

656,821

Stephens.

167,495

113,542

67,435

348,472

237,469

2,074

93,283

332,826

Stewart. ... ....

so, 770

153,718

12,243

246,731

203, 109

12,438

2.5

215,572

Sumter ..

161,486

250,073

157,685

569,244

369,466

I ,859

155,983

527,308

Talbot. ..

24,278

215,642

239,920

197,643

12,099

209,742

Taliaferro .. Tattnall ..

4,048 31,134

115,905 254,280

119,953 285,414

93,445 176,492

3;ii3

93,445 179,605

Taylor. Telfair ..

3,526 152,677

217,359 310,367

220,885 463,044

178,711 231,431

105 1,561

"86::i24

178,816 319,316

Terrell.

....

64,122

162,690

135,765

362,577

270,388

I ,804

98,677

370,869

Thomas.

465,888

378,852

78,322

923,062

476,692

4,951

386,922

868,565

Tift.

.... ... .....

Toombs ..

....

306,221 115,457

152,414 232,963

88,930 82,232

547,565 430,652

401,949 263,957

5;836

96,714 145,250

498,663 415,043

Towns. .. ....

7,334

121,429

23,853

152,616

113,432

I ,687

6, 740

121,859

Treutlen.

6,343

167,617

173,960

86,142

2,398

88,540

Troup ..

....

386,944

224,504

315,628

927,076

670,174

5,068

165,713

840,955

Turner .. ...

144,088

173,789

317,877

289,927

I, 741

291,668

Twiggs. ..... ....

39,948

175,899

215,847

154,318

695

155,013

Union .. .. ... ....

1,612

140,994

3, 731

146,337

108,976

1,083

39,900

149,959

Upson.
Walker .... Walton ...

.... ...
..

.....

\Vare. .... ......

Warren ...... ... ...

485,964 836,960 183,417 234,595
32,707

159,012 229,223 203,635 296,778 185,398

24,495 362
3i7 :286

669,471 1,066, 545
387,052
848,659 218,105

551,981 638,176
343,218 278,595 !55, 925

4,383 9,669
623 6,482
!51

81,443 157,211
399;829
.. . ....

637,807
805,056 343,841 684,906 156,076

Washington ..

87,838

271,666

10,647

370,151

274,332

2,206

276,538

- Wayne.

...

Webster ....

112,756 12,295

231,905 114,941

78,030

422,691 127,236

213,025 112,944

2,532 3,649

104, 193

319,750 116,593

Wheeler ..... ...... ...

WWhhiittfei.eld.........

.. .. ...

. ..

.

11,131 26,531 294,508

187,053 126,778 135,968

13,306 19,357 132,742

211,490 172,666 563,218

115,143 148,973 396,472

10,803 ...

3!,000 180,667

125,946 179,973 577,139

Wilcox ... ..... Wilkes .... ...

.....

150,066 77,774

197,539 176,992

10 108,375

347,615 363,141

236,798 212,982

1,616 I ,917

99,040 147,390

337,454 362,289

Wilkinson ...... .....

49,793

178,610

228,403

208,513

4, 779

213,292

Worth ............ ....

250,926

268,048

------- -------

24,502

543,476

322,876

------- ---------

100

195,770

518,746 ---------

Total All Counties .... $39,607,53!

$31,087,991

$ 8,044,053

S78, 739,575

$53,821,577

$ 935,096

$11,466,803

$66, 223,4 76

102 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA
CosTs OF CoNSTRUCTION oF RoADS AND BRIDGES
From the Organization of the Highway Department to June 30, 1948

Year

Amount

Cumulative Total

Prior to 1920

.$ 1,895,004.87

1920

9,842,569.79

1921......

8,989,749.69

1922

4,709,324.42

1923...

3,537,899.61

1924 1925.... ......................

2,748,354.81 6,161,563.68

1926

6,599,520.43

1927....

12,705,857.46

1928 ... 1929......

9,870,372.50 9,369,582.19

1930 1 ..
1931..................

5,023,129.12 13,999,096.99

1932....... 1933......

............................

16,679,659.18 11,369,631.60

1934............

8,873,322.36

1935. . 1936......

11,380,060.33 10,535,842.21

1937...... 13,320,556.26

1938...............

... 20,343,037.80

1939

15,313,972.60

1940.....

15,125,550.07

1941 .... ..................... 25,843,834.03

1942

1943...

........................

17,431,836.23 12,156,409.41

1944......

7,904,986.85

1945...... ................................. 4,446,878.72

1946

6,053,516.25

1947 .. ............ 1948...................

18,778,646.48 19,176,439.40

$ 1,895,004.87 11,737,574.66 20,727,324.35 25,436,648.77 28,974,548.38 31,722,903.19 3 7,884,466.87 44,483,987.30 57,189,844.76 67,060,217.26 76,429,799.45 81,452,928.57 95,452,025.56 112,131.684.74 123,501,316.34 132,374,638.70 143,7 54,699.03 154,290,541.24 167,611,097.50 187,954,135.30 203,268,1 07.90 218,393,657.97 244,237,492.00 261,669,328.23 273,825,737.64 281,730,724.49 286,177,603.21 292,231,119.46 311,009,765.94 330,186,205.34

The amounts shown represent total cost of construction, including cash expenditures by the State Highway Department, Federal-aid funds, and non-cash participation of Work Projects Administration, Counties, Cities, Railroads, etc.
1 The amount for 1930 represents expenditures for one-half year. The Highway Department aecounting was changed from calendar year to fiscal year basis on July 1, 19.30.

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 103
History of the State Highway
Department of Georgia
In all probability, the first official act ever put into effect in the South pertaining to overland transportation was what was known as a "Statutory Method," passed by the British Colony of Georgia in 1755, under provisions of which the Colony was divided into nine districts. Each of these dis.tricts was given six surveyors whose duty it was to survey and keep in repair the necessary roads or trails in each district. The surveyors were authorized to assess a tax on all male inhabitants within the "road age" of sixteen to sixty and the work itself was to be done by road hands who were required to work as many as twelve days in each year. There is no record available of the initial work performed under this arrangement, which, in any event, was abrogated with the start of the Revolutionary War.
Nine years later, however, following the termination of the war, the "Statutory Method" was renewed through numerous Acts passed by the newly-organized State Legislature, and the various counties of the state were divided into road districts. All males within the "road age" were called upon to work their local roads from five to fifteen days per year, and were required to furnish their own tools.
This road-working arrangement, with few changes, remained in force in Georgia until 1829, when the State Legislature appropriated $70,000 for the purchase of Negro slaves to be used throughout the state in constructing roads. Most of the work accomplished through this Act was in the vicinity of the larger municipalities, however, and so much dissatisfaction resulted throughout the rural areas of the state that subsequently it was repealed.
Then followed the chartering of numerous corporations for the purpose of building turnpikes, locally controlled. Aside from the original "Statutory Method," which, of course, had remained continuously in force, these turnpike charters were the principal activity in road construction throughout Georgia until the outbreak of the War Between the States. Following the war, the General Assembly in 1866 refused to renew these charters and the state reverted to the old "Statutory Method." As a result, practically nothing was accomplished until 1891. In that year the Legislature made its first real move toward improving the roads of the state by passing an Act authorizing each County Commission, upon recommendation of the County Grand Jury, to levy a special tax of two mills on the dollar for road-building purposes. It also provided for a "commuta-

104 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia
tion tax" of fifty cents per day for each male inhabitant subject to road duty for each day he was required to work on the roads during the year. This Act comprised the first authority given any legal body to purchase mules and equipment and to pay a daily wage for the building of roads.
Under an Act passed in 1898 creating the State Prison Commission, convicts in Georgia had been leased to corporations or private individuals for industrial purposes. The Legislature abolished this leasing system in 1908, however, and authorized the counties and municipalities to use convicts in constructing public roads, bridges and other public works. Interest increased immediately in the building of roads and the way was paved for the subsequent enactment of legislation that revolutionized highway construction in Georgia.
First Highway Commission
The National Congress in 1916 created and wrote into law the Federalaid Road Act. Outside of the appropriation of funds, its principal provision made it incumbent upon any state availing itself of the use of such funds to organize a Highway Department. Accordingly, on August 16, 1916, the State Legislature designated the members of the Prison Commission of Georgia, the State Geologist, the Dean of the College of Civil Engineering at the University of Georgia, and the Professor of Highway Engineering at the Georgia School of Technology as the Highway Department of Georgia, authorized to discharge all duties prescribed by Congress under the Federal-aid Road Act.
The group took office as the Georgia Highway Commission. It was composed of the following personnel:
T. E. Patterson, Chairman, Atlanta, Georgia R. E. Davison, Woodville, Georgia E. L. Rainey, Dawson, Georgia C. M. Strahan, University of Georgia R. D. Kneale, Georgia School of Technology S. W. McCallie, State Geologist W. R. Neel, Secretary
The State Legislature provided $10,000 for the maintenance of the Highway Department during 1918. The sum was barely sufficient to pay the salaries of the chief engineer and his small staff and was totally inadequate, of course, for the organization or maintenance of an effective engineering unit. No space was available in the State Capitol, and the first Georgia Highway Commission occupied offices in the Fulton County Courthouse donated by county officials.

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 105
The Federal-aid Act provided that ten per cent of the cost of a project could be expended for engineering services and contingencies, this provision in the Act enabling the first Commission to function. A tie-up between the Commission and eighteen engineering firms in the state was effected in the form of a contract, approved by the United States Bureau of Public Roads. These firms, which were subsequently designated as Project Engineers, undertook to make surveys, prepare plans and supervise the work, which was to be the launching of the Georgia highway program. The Project Engineers' compensation ranged from three per cent to seven per cent, based upon the difficulties of the job involved, and, under the terms of the contract, all of their work was to be inspected and approved by the engineers of the Bureau of Public Roads and the Highway Commission.
In striking contrast to the present day allocations of millions of dollars each year was the original Highway Commission's total Federal-aid apportionment during the first two years of its existence-$134,329.48 in 1917 and $268,658.96 in 1918. But in spite of its handicaps this Commission succeeded in inaugurating 75 Federal-aid projects in 64 different counties from 1916 to 1919. A total of 555 miles, including 41 bridges, was involved in these jobs.
The Motor Vehicle Law, which had been enacted on November 30, 1915, was amended on August 20, 1918, to provide that not more than $15,000 of the funds accruing through the operations of the Act could be expended by the State Highway Commission for expenses and for the employment of engineers.
It was during the administration of the first Highway Commission, during the years 1917 and 1918, that many counties of the state voted large bond issues for road-building purposes. This was a decidedly important development for the future of highway construction in Georgia, since it was solely through the use of these funds that the state was able to match available Federal-aid allotments at that time.
Highway Board Formed
The first reorganization of the State Highway Department took place immediately following passage of an Act by the General Assembly on August 18, 1919, creating an entirely new State Highway Board, under that title. The new board, composed of three appointees of the Governor, took the oath of office in September 1919. It consisted of Dr. C. M. Strahan, member of the original State Highway Commission, as chairman, and R. C. Neely and S. S. Bennet as members.

106 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia
Among the new Board's first official acts was the appointment of W. R.
Neel, who had served as secretary of the original Commission, as State Highway Engineer. The Board's offices were moved from the Courthouse, first to a building at the corner of Peachtree and Baker streets and later to the seventh floor of the Walton Building, a downtown office structure.
Under the Board's newly-outlined plan of procedure, administration of definite activities was assigned to each member. The chairman asSI.lmed all engineering responsibilities and direct operation of the Highway Department. Mr. Neely was placed in charge of equipment, and Mr. Bennet was given control of lettings and contracts.
The new board compiled the first State Highway System totaling 4,800 miles, in compliance with the provisions of the Federal-aid Act. It was a county-seat-to-county-seat system, then thought to be the logical solution to the state's highway problems.
Divisions Set Up
The newly-formed State Highway Board, in 1919, took an important step toward putting the organization on an efficient basis by creating the first Division set-up in the state. The new State Highway Act provided that all available funds be prorated to the various Congressional Districts on the basis of their proportionate share of mileage on the State System. Twelve Division Engineers were appointed, one for each Congressional District, and the first budget system was inaugurated. Federal funds in the amount of $2,700,000 were available for the years 1920 and 1921, and the actual available State funds for road purposes, accumulated from the Motor Vehicle Act, had reached $1,720,000 on May 22, 1920. These funds were allocated to the twelve divisions to be expended on projects recommended by the Division Engineers. Another important development of 1919 was the organization of the first State Maintenance Department, a r(iquirement of the Act creating the State Highway Board.
At the end of 1919, its first year in office, the new Bo~rd had placed under construction on the State Highway System 170.4 miles of paving, 673.5 miles of sand clay roads, 34.4 miles of graded roads, and 28 bridges.
The first State Highway Board took office during the administration of Governor Hugh M. Dorsey, and when the latter was succeeded as Governor in 1922 by Thomas W. Hardwick there also came about a change in the chairmanship of the board. John N. Holder, of Jefferson, Georgia, was named to that position, succeeding Dr. Strahan, who returned to his post at the University of Georgia.

T~enty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 107
Except for minor contributions by various municipalities, the counties of the state, up to this time, had provided practically all of the State funds used in matching Federal-aid allocations. This was made possible through county bond issues.
At this point it might be pertinent to bring out that in 1931 the General Assembly passed a sentimental measure calling for the refunding of the total of $26,000,000 to the counties and the Coastal Highway District over a period of ten years, beginning March 1936. The Act called for the return of $2,600,000 each year out of current funds until 1946. The General Assembly of 1939, however, uneasy over the great difficulty being encountered by the State Highway Board in matching current Federal-aid funds, passed an Act in the form of a proposed constitutional amendment authorizing the Governor to issue bonds in the amount of $7,950,000 and to use the proceeds in meeting Federal-aid obligations. This constitutional amendment was approved by the people in the general election on June 6, 1939. The State Highway Board continued to pay the county Highway Refunding Certificates as they matured in 1939, 1940 and 1941, but was reimbursed through the sale of the Refunding Bonds.
By 1922 the State was rapidly accumulating its own resources, and the Board's first annual report after Chairman Holder took office showed that the funds expended and set aside for new construction since the Department was organized in 1918 totaled $23,299,550.22, of which $9,362,230.50 had been received from the Federal Government.
The General Assembly of 1921 had added 700 miles to the State Highway System, which made a total of 5,500 miles under the supervision of the Highway Department. Of this total, approximately 1,700 miles either had been completed or were un:l.er construction in 1922.
For administrative purposes the twelve operating divisions were reduced to eleven in 1922, the old Fifth Congressional District having been absorbed into the other eleven.
Highway Act Amended
Two important amendments to the State Highway Act were enacted by the General Assembly in 1922, the first empowering the Highway Department to control the weight of all traffic using state bridges, and the second permitting the Department to construct and maintain State-aid roads in and through municipalities with a population of 2,500 or less.
The court held, later in the same year, that "the State, through its Legislature, has as much power and control over the laying out, con-

108 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia
struction, maintenance, and closing of the highways, streets, lanes and alleys of municipal corporations as it has over other public highways. It may change, alter, or abolish either class of these highways at will. The power to have opened, worked, repaired, improved, or closed the public highways, streets, and roads may be exercised by the Legislature in such manner and way, and under such circumstances, as it may deem best."
On April 16, 1931, however, in the case of Greene et al v. State Highway Board of Georgia, 172 Ga. 618, the Act of 1922 was declared void for uncertainty, and in discussing the case the court stated that it was clear that prior to the passage of the Act of 1922 the State Highway Board had the right to construct and maintain State-aid roads within the corporate limits of any city in the state, and that since the Act of 1922 had been declared void, that right continued to exist.
Governor Clifford Walker succeeded Governor Hardwick m 1924 and W. T . .Anderson, of Macon, succeeded R. C. Neely on the State Highway Board.
Motor Fuel Tax Increased
In this year, the General Assembly enacted one of the most important and far-reaching Acts affecting the Highway Department by amending the Motor Fuel Tax Law, which had gone into effect in August of 1921, to read three cents instead of the original one cent collected from distributors of motor fuels. The one cent collected under the terms of the original Act went into the State's general fund for such use as the General Assembly desired to make of it.
Under the provisions of the amended measure, one-third of the tax was set aside for the purpose of cancelling the deficiency in the state treasury growing out of the discount of the rental of the Western and Atlantic Railroad, owned by the state; one-third was to be distributed to the counties to be used exclusively for work on public roads, and the remaining one-third was set aside as a special fund for the Highway Department to be used for the construction of the State-aid System of Roads and for matching Federal-aid funds. Further provision was made that upon expiration of the discount on Western and Atlantic rentals the one-third which had been set aside in that connection should also revert to the Highway Department, making a total of two cents per gallon which the Department would ultimately receive under the amended measure.

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia I09
In Chairman Holder's annual report to Governor Walker, as of January I, 1924, he pointed out that the total cost of roads and bridges completed was $20,24I,065.97; that the estimated cost of roads and bridges under construction was $7,613,210.36, and that the estimated cost of new projects for which funds had been provided and plans approved was $5,296,620.50, making a grand total of $33,050,896.83. This figure would represent the completion of 2,926.1 miles of the System of 5,854 miles. The annual report also set out that the total sum available to the Department from all sources for the year 1923 was $6,018,239.80.
The question of a state-wide bond issue for road-building purposes was brought to the attention of the people of Georgia on January I, I924, when Chairman Holder, in his annual report to Governor Walker, supported Member W. T. Anderson's advocacy of an issue of $70,000,000 to be financed, both principal and interest, from the three-cent gasoline tax. But the proposal failed to get beyond the "suggestion" stage and a state bond issue for highways was never approved.
New Quarters Occupied
In 1924 the number of divisions was reduced again-this time from eleven to nine-in order to lower the Department's general overhead expense, at that time approximately five per cent.
At about the same time the Department moved into its own quarters at East Point, where the shops and the laboratory had been installed (and where the shops still are located), and the nine new divisions were established at Rome, Gainesville, Griffin, Augusta, Americus, Dublin, Savannah, Thomasville and Waycross.
Bridges
Little reference has been made thus far in this summary to the bridge construction work underway throughout the state. This, of course, was continuous with the road-building activities, and at the time of the 1924 Annual Report there were on the State System:
715 Old Bridges-Total length, 78,500 feet 674 New Bridges-Total length, 100,158 feet 59 Bridges Under Construction-Total length, 10,221 feet
All of the bridges in the three classifications above made a total of 188,879 lineal feet, or 35.77 miles, of bridges on the System. The State Highway Department exercises the same authority over and recognizes the same responsibility toward bridges that it does in connection with the State Highway System of roads. The word "bridge," as used in the

110 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia
statutes of this state, means a bridge used as an "instrumentality for travel along a highway and for crossing streams and ravines," Piping and water-boxes and culverts for drainage purposes across the public roads are not "bridges" within the meaning of the statute. The courts have held that an overpass or a structure that might be built for grade separation purposes is not a "bridge" in the eyes of the law. However, for engineering purposes, the construction divisions regard as a bridge any structure of more than 20 feet, as differentiated from a culvert.
In the year 1925, 400 miles were added to the State System, making a total of 6,648.8 miles. Of this total, 581.24 miles of hard-surfacing had been completed, with 312.73 miles under construction; 466.62 miles of a semi-hard type had been completed, with 100.66 miles under construction; and 1,688.40 miles of top soil and sand clay had been completed, with 410.83 miles under construction. This made a total of 3,530.48 miles of the System either completed or under construction.
"Pay-As~You-Go" Plan
Another highlight of 1925 was a change in the personnel of the State Highway Board, John R. Phillips, of Louisville, succeeding W. T. Anderson as member. Chairman Holder continued in that capacity, with Mr. Bennet as the other member. Further discussion of a state-wide bond issue for roads having been discontinued, the Highway Department went on what amounted to a "pay-as-you-go" plan, this apparently in keeping with the wishes of the people of the state as well as of the General Assembly.
The year 1926 saw another appreciable advance in the development of the System. Under the same board and with W. R. Nee! continuing to direct the Department's activities as State Highway Engineer, the total expenditures since its organization reached the sum of $50,364,771.46, this including the estimated cost of projects under construction. Occasional reference is made to these expenditures simply to show the development and progress of the Department from time to time.
Motor Fuel Tax Increased
The General Assembly, in 1925, had again amended the Motor Fuel Tax Act of 1921, boosting the revenue therefrom from three to three and one-half cents per gallon, it being directed that the additional one-half cent be turned over to the Highway Department. Again, in 1927, the Department's revenue was increased when another amendment added an additional one-half cent per gallon.

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 111
An important piece of legislation affecting highway activities was enacted in 1927, when the General Assembly passed a measure authorizing the Department to eliminate grade crossings wherever feasible, it being provided that one-half of the cost was to be borne by the railroads.
Chairman Holder, in his annual report as of January 1, 1928, at which time Governor Walker had been succeeded by Governor L. G. Hardman, showed that during 1927 the Department completed 1,081.57 miles of roads and 28,141 lineal feet (5.329 miles) of bridges, bringing the total of expenditures by the Department since its organization to $57,189,844.76. The year's activities brought the total miles completed on the System to 3,700.77, and the number ~f bridge miles to 26.60.

Six-Cent Gas Tax

In his 1929 annual report covering the year 1928, Chairman Holder recommended additional gas tax for highway purposes, and in response the General Assembly of 1929 again amended the Motor Fuel Tax Act, increasing the levy from four to six cents. Proceeds from this new tax were distributed as follows:

State Highway Funds............ ............................ ............four cents

County Highway Funds.................. ........ ....

.....one cent

Public School Equalization Fund ..............................one cent

The Highway Department first received any funds under the Motor Fuel Tax Act in 1924, when a total of $1,112,032.40 was placed in its coffers from this source. In 1928, the total received under the terms of the Act had mounted to $5,151,315.65.

The total funds expended by the Department up to December 31, 1928, had reached $67,060,217.26; the total number of road miles completed on the System had risen to 4,449.79, and the number of miles of bridges to 32.698.

On August 20, 1929, the General Assembly passed the Traylor-Neill Act authorizing the State Highway Board to make additions to the State System at its discretion, but limiting the Board to an addition of 500 miles at any one time. This legislation was revamped, however, on February 12, 1938, during the Extraordinary Session of the Legislature, when an Act was passed making all public roads in the state a part of the State System, the Act adding them to the map attached to the TraylorNeill Bill. The purpose of this Act was to give the Highway Department the legal right to designate "State-Aid Roads." Until they are so designated, however, the Act sets out that the Highway Department will not be

112 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia
responsible for their maintenance, nor would the counties receive a pro rata share of the gasoline tax through the addition of the undesignated roads to the map.
Personnel Changes
The years 1929 and 1930 witnessed some drastic changes in the personnel of the Department. In June of the former year, John N. Holder, who had served as chairman since 1922, resigned and Governor Hardman appointed Colonel Sam Tate, of Tate, Georgia, to succeed him. Because of ill health, Colonel Tate served only until April 1930, but during his regime all funds of the Department were concentrated, deposited in central banks and expended through the General Office. He also reduced the number of operating divisions in the Department from nine to six, with headquarters at Cartersville, Gainesville, Thomaston, Louisville, Moultrie and Waycross.
Captain J. W. Barnett, of Athens, succeeded Colonel Tate in the Sprin~?: of 1930, and W. C. Vereen, of Moultrie, succeeded Mr. Bennet. This set up the new board with Captain Barnett as chairman and Mr. Phillips and Mr. Vereen as members. At the time of the reorganization of the board, W. R. Neel, who had served as State Highway Engineer since 1920, resigned, and B. P. McWhorter, who had been connected with the Department since February 1920, was appointed to succeed him.
The General Assembly's action in increasing the gasoline tax m 1929 had greatly augmented the activities of the Highway Department. In 1930 the Department completed roads totaling 712.13 miles and 1.288 miles of bridges. Additional mileage had been placed on the System, bringing it up to a total of 7,124.41 miles.
In order to care properly for this steadily increasing mileage the Maintenance Department was reorganized and an additional Bituminous Division, whose sole function was to be the repair and retreading of existing bituminous types, was added. Also during 1930 the Department took its first steps toward the beautification of the state's highways. This was made possible through an Act of Congress in 1928 amending the Federal-aid Act which permitted the Federal Government to participate in such work.
New Building Erected
With its revenues increasing each year an::! with its scope of operations constantly widening, the Department now seemed prepared for a com-

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 113
plete rlevelopment of the system and expansion of its program. One of its primary needs was suitable quarters. Accordingly, a plot of ground was purchaserl across from the State Capitol on the corner of C:apitol Avenue and Mitchell Street, now knc>wn as Capitol Square. A hanrlsome twostory structure of stone and concrete. which provided ample space for the General Offices as well as for the Laboratory, was erected, the Department taking possession of its new home in March 1931. The conveniences anrl comforts afforded by the new building greatly facilitated the operations of the Department and enhanced its efficiency.
The year 1931 saw an appreciable increase in highway construction, with 817 miles of roads and 3.9 miles of bridges completed during the year. The total annual revenue of the Department had risen to $19,713,063 and construction expenditures of the Department during its eleven years of existence had re:1ched $95,452,025.56. No changes took place in 1931 in the personnel of the State Highway Board and but few in the engineering staff.
In addition to the Act outlined earlier in this summary which called for the reimbursement of the various counties in the full amounts they had advanced or contributed for the construction of roads on the State System, the General Assembly of 1931 enacted another piece of legislation of import to the Highway Department. This measure authorized the Governor to draw warrants against the rentals of the State-owned Western and Atlantic Railroad and sell them to the Highway Department, the funds derived therefrom to be applied to the unpaid appropriation balances from previous legislatures. This Act took, at least temporarily. $1,620,000 from the funds of the Highway Department. However, the latter was authorized to sell these warrants whenever funds were needed and to use the proceeds from the sale to match Federal Aid.
In 1932, Governor Hardman was succeeded by Governor Richard B. Russell, Jr., and John R. Phillips, whose term of office had expired on December 31, 1931, was succeeded as a member of the State Highway Board by Jud P. Wilhoit, of Warrenton.
In that year, 1,058.3 miles were added to the State System, making a total of 8,196.8 miles under the control of the Highway Department. Eight hundred and fifty J;IlOre miles of roads and two more miles of bridges were completed, bringing the total construction outlay of the Department since 1920 to $112,131,684.74, representing 6,828.92 miles of roads and 39.886 miles of bridges.
In 1932, Governor Russell was elected to the United States Senate to fill a vacancy caused by the death of Senator William J. Harris and, on

114 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia
January 1, 1933, was succeeded as Governor by Eugene Talmadge. The Governor named J_ P. Wilhoit as Officer-in-Charge to replace the Highway Board on June 19, 1933.
New Board Named
On July 20, the Governor appointed an entirely new Board, composed of the following:
J. J. Mangham, of Bremen, Chairman Max L. McRae, of McRae, Member W. E. Wilburn, of Oglethorpe, Member
On October 1, 1933, the six operating Divisions were reduced to three, with headquarters at East Point, Macon and Fitzgerald. On November 21, 1933, Chairman Mangham resigned and was succeeded in that position by Member Wilburn. John A. Heck, of Marietta, was appointed to Mr. Wilburn's place as member.
Early in 1933, Governor Talmadge issued an executive order reducing the motor-vehicle registration fee to a flat rate of $3.00 for all types of vehicles.
The fiscal year ending June 30, 1934, showed expenditures for construction of about $8,900,000. Total construction costs of the Department had reached the sum of $132,374,638.70 and 8,876.218 miles were on the State System.
M. E. Cox was appointed State Highway Engineer on June 20, 1933, and was succeeded by H. E. Newton, effective September 28, 1934.
Right-of-Way Law
In February 1933, the General Assembly passed an Act requiring the State Highway Department to purchase all rights-of-way for highway construction on the State Highway System, relieving the counties of a burden which was imposed on them with the organization of the Department in 1919.
This law was in force for only two years, however, the General Assembly of 1935 repealing its earlier action and placing the acquisition of rights-of-way back on its former status of procurement by the counties. The law has remained essentially unchanged in this respect during the ensuing years.
In February 1935, the General Assembly, facing a financial emergency, passed an Act under the terms of which $2,000,000 was taken from high-

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 115
way funds to pay teachers salaries, school-bus operators salaries and pensions to Confederate Veterans, but in spite of this the year's expenditures, as of June 30, 1936, were in excess of ten million dollars and the total construction costs to date had mounted to $154,290,541.24.
Change in Board Members
On January 1, 1937, Governor Talmadge was succeeded by E. D. Rivers, as the Chief Executive of the state. The Highway Board of 1936 was carried over until March 3, 1937, when, by two Acts of the General Assembly, the Highway Board was abolished and recreated on the same day. Chairman Wilburn and Member RcRae resigned, and W. L. Miller, of Lakeland, was appointed chairman, and Jim L. Gillis, of Soperton, was named member. John A. Heck, of the former Board, continued to serve briefly as the third member until succeeded by Herman H. Watson, of Dallas, late in March 1937.
State Highway Engineer Newton served in that capacity until February 1, 1937, when he was succeeded by E. Jack Smith, who served only until July 14 of the same year, at which time he relinquished his post in favor of E. A. Stanley. On October 16, 1938, Mr. Stanley became Assistant State Highway Engineer in charge of Federal-aid Construction, and W. B. Brantley, who was holding the latter position, was advanced to the post of State Highway Engineer.
Post Roads Division
On March 18, 1937, the Post Roads Division of the State Highway Department was created by Act of the General Assembly. On April 1, 1937, W. R. Nee! was named Director of the Post Roads Division, which was organized to enable the state to participate in funds set up by an Act of Congress on June 16, 1936, for the improvement of secondary or feeder roads. As applied to Georgia, its object was to construct roads which were connected with State Highways but which were not actually on the State System. The Division was a complete organization within itself, and the Director reported directly to the State Highway Board. It had its own funds, supplemented by Federal money allocated under the Act creating it.
On April 30, 1939, by Executive Order of Governor Rivers, the Post Roads Division was discontinued as a separate organization. Its functions and field operations were taken over and handled by the regular Highway Department organization. The administrative matters were handled through the Assistant State Highway Engineer in charge of State-aid Construction, which position was held by C. W. Wright, and later by G. T. McDonald.

116 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia
On August 16, 1941, upon the resignation of Mr. McDonald, the title of Director, Post Roads Division, was again used and H. L. Furlow appointed to the position. He was succeeded on February 16, 1942, by C. W. Wright, who resigned on April 1, 1945, and on that date F. P. King was named Director of the Post Roads Division. All construction and field operations on Post Roads are still handled by regular Highway Department personnel.
Division of Highway Planning
Under the provisions of the Hayden-Cartwright Act, approved by the National Congress on June 18, 1934, one and one-half per cent of all Federal-aid Highway funds was to be expended for conducting economic and engineering investigations by the several state highway departments, in cooperation with the United States Bureau of Public Roads. The Federal funds were to be matched by State funds, under the provisions of the Act. Georgia did not avail itself of the opportunity of cooperating in this far-reaching activity until June 1, 1937, when the Division of Highway Planning was organized with 0. T. Ray as State Director.
The principal functions of the Division of Highway Planning consist of conducting fact-finding studies, economic investigations, fiscal studies, inventories of highway systems, traffic and accident research, recording of history of road development, and preparation of county and state maps. More detailed information concerning the activities of the Division of Highway Planning is given elsewhere in this report and in previous Biennial Reports.
The Federal-aid Highway Act of 1944 and the Federal-aid Highway Act of 1948 provide funds for the continuation of the Division of Highway Planning on the same basis as the Hayden-Cartwright Act.
0. T. Ray continued as State Director of the Division of Highway Planning until February 1, 1941. R. V. Glenn served as State Director until June 1943, when he was succeeded by Roy A. Flynt.
Division Offices Increased
One of the first acts of the new State Highway Board, after it took office in March 1937, was to increase the number of operating divisions from three to seven, with headquarters at Rome, Gainesville, Augusta, Macon, Columbus, Savannah and Fitzgerald. With a greatly expanded construction program ahead, the Board deemed it essential that more points of supervisory control be set up.

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 117
Mileage on the State System, which stood at 9,272.807 on June 30, 1936, had risen to 10,952.828 on June 30, 1938. Construction costs for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1937, totaled $13,320,556.26, and for the following twelve months, $20,343,037.80, bringing the total cost of constructing roads and bridges since the organization of the Department to $187,954,135.30. This figure does not include expenditures for maintenance and administration, but does include $75,460,930.81 Federal Aid.
Of the 10,952 miles on the State System, approximately 5,000 miles had been hard-surfaced, 300 miles light-surfaced and 1,400 miles graded. The System contained approximately 4,250 miles of unimproved roads. Fifty-three miles of bridges had been completed. Four trunk lines had been completely paved from state line to state line north and south, and four trunk lines east and west.
In December 1939, L. L. Patten was named to the State Highway Board, which now consisted of W. L. Miller, Chairman, L. L. Patten and Herman H. Watson.
During the two fiscal years ending June 30, 1939, and 1940, the State Highway Board let contracts or placed under construction 4,113 miles of roadway and 493 bridges, having a value of over forty-four million dollars. Additions to the State Highway System consisted of 262 miles in 1938 and 692 miles in 1940, bringing the total mileage on the State System to 10,952 miles as of June 30, 1940.
W.P.A. Road Construction
Highway construction in Georgia, particularly on Secondary and Post Roads, was greatly expanded during the four-year period 1939-1942 through the assistance provided by the Work Projects Administration. During the early years of the WPA Program, road projects were sponsored entirely by the counties and it was necessary for the counties to make contributions equal to twenty-five per cent of the value of the work. In 1939, the State Highway Department became co-sponsors with the counties on WPA projects on Secondary and Post Roads. Generally, the counties would furnish some equipment, the Work Projects Administration would furnish the labor and some materials, and the State Highway Department would participate in the costs of equipment and material. The roads to be improved under this program were selected by the County Commissioners of the respective counties.
In addition to the WPA-Post Roads Program, as outlined above, the State Highway Board was sponsor of WPA projects to improve roads on the State Highway System. Most of the roads included in this program were

118 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia
not eligible for construction with U. S. Public Roads Administration funds and, therefore, the entire cost would have been paid from 100 per cent State funds if the WPA assistance had not been available. By obtaining the cooperation of the Work Projects Administration on these projects, the State participation amounted to about forty-five per cent of the total cost, including engineering expenses, and this resulted in a considerable saving to the State Highway Department. All work under this program was performed under the plans, specifications and engineering supervision of the State Highway Department.
Work placed under construction during the entire WPA program consisted of 2,084 miles of roadway and 42,105 feet of bridges on Post Roads and 1,117 miles of roadway and 7,395 feet of bridges on the State Highway System, making a total of 3,201 miles of roadway and over 300 bridges, 49,500 feet in length. The value of this work was $10,154,985.67 on Post Roads and $4,336,493.52 on the State Highway System, or a total of $14,491,479.19.
Public Roads Administration
From the beginning of the Federal-aid Highway program the Bureau of Public Roads in the Department of Agriculture had been the Federal agency responsible for the expenditure of Federal funds on "highways. Under Federal Reorganization Plan No. 1, the personnel and functions of the Bureau of Public Roads were transferred to the newly-created Federal Works Agency and the name of the organization was changed to Public Roads Administration, effective July 1, 1939.
On the same date, the Works Progress Administration also became a constituent agency of the Federal Works Agency and the name was changed to Work Projects Administration.
Change in Administration
In January 1941, Governor Eugene Talmadge succeeded Governor Rivers as Chief Executive. On January 14, 1941, Governor Talmadge appointed a new State Highway Board, composed of W. E. Wilburn, Chairman, S. E. Vandiver and T. G. Tyson. M. L. Shadburn was named as State Highway Engineer. Early in this year, the number of field operating divisions was decreased from seven to five, with headquarters at Gainesville, Augusta, Manchester, Tifton and Savannah. In 1943 the Manchester office was moved to Macon.
Work accomplished during 1941 and 1942 included 2,579 miles of roadway and 282 bridges, at a total cost of over thirty million dollars.

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 119
In 1941, 1,304 miles were added to the State System and 11 miles were added in 1942, bringing the total mileage on the State System to 13,223 miles as of June 30, 1942.
Highway Board Abolished
Governor Ellis Arnall assumed office as Chief Executive on January 12, 1943, and on that date appointed Ryburn G. Clay as Executive Officer-inCharge of the State Highway Department to replace the three-member Highway Board that had served during the previous administration.
The General Assembly of 1943 passed an Act (Senate Bill 116, approved March 17, 1943) repealing the Act of 1941 and thus abolishin~ the State Highway Board, creating instead a State Highway Department under a State Highway Director, a State Highway Commission, and a Treasurer of the State Highway Department. All of these officers are appointed by the Governor, and confirmed by the Senate. The State Highway Director and Treasurer of the State Highway Department serve at the pleasure of the Governor. The State Highway Commissioners are appointed for a term of four years to be concurrent with the term of the Governor. One Commissioner is appointed from each of the ten Congressional Districts and two from the State at Large. One member of the State Highway Commission is designated by the Governor to be Chairman, one member is designated as Vice-Chairman and another as Secretary.
Highway Commission Appointed
Governor Arnall named Ryburn G. Clay as State Highway Director, effective April 21, 1943, and on the same day appointed the following members of the State Highway Commission:
Steve C. Tate, Chairman Sims Garrett, Jr., Vice-Chairman Lonnie A. Pope, Secretary Hugh Burgess J. J. Bouhan J. Knox Gholston Wyck Knox Judson J. Milam L. Roy Robinson Penn Selman Maurice W. Tift Frank A. Dennis

120 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia
Mr. Dennis died on December 31, 1944, and on January 18, 1945, Mrs. Frank A. Dennis was appointed as a member of the Highway Commission to fill that vacancy.
George T. McDonald was appointed as State Highway Engineer on April 21, 1943, and Tom Wisdom was named Treasurer of the State Highway Department.
The Legislative Act of March 17, 1943, provides that roads shall be placed on the State Highway System by the State Highway Director, when approved by a majority of the State Highway Commission. Prior to the passage of this Act roads were added to the State Highway System upon approval of a majority of the State Highway Board.
Allocation of Revenue Suspended
Another Act passed by the General Assembly of 1943 having farreaching effects on highway construction in Georgia was General Appropriation Act No. 8, which suspended the operation of parts of Acts allocating certain revenue for special purposes, so that such revenue shall be paid into the General Fund for the payment of appropriations made by the General Assembly in fixed amounts in lieu of allocations. As a result of this Act, four cents of the gasoline tax and the motor vehicle license fees were no longer allocated to the State Highway Department, but, together with all other revenue, were deposited in the State Treasury to be paid out upon specific appropriations.
Upon the resignation of Ryburn G. Clay as State Highway Director, on October 5, 1945, George T. McDonald was named to succeed him and was given the title of Engineer-Director. In this position Mr. McDonald assumed all the powers and authority of the State Highway Director and also continued to perform the duties of State Highway Engineer. However, on December 11, 1945, M. E. Cox was appointed Assistant State Highway Engineer to perform some of the duties formerly assigned to the State Highway Engineer, consisting of general direction and supervision of the engineering and operating activities of the Department. On February 15, 1946, Mr. Cox's title was changed to Highway Engineer.
War Period
During the war years 1942 to 1945, inclusive, only essential highway projects were placed under construction, consisting of access roads to industries or activities necessary to the war effort and roads on the Strategic Highway Network. The Federal-aid funds for highways during this period were made available under the Defense Highway Act of 1941,

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 121
which also provided for advance engineering surveys and plans for postwar projects_ The State Highway Department of Georgia took advantage of these Federal-aid funds and during the latter period of the war surveys were made and plans prepared for a large number of post-war projects, so that it was possible to let contracts during the year 1946 for the largest volume of highway construction in Georgia ever placed under contract in any similar period up to that time. During the biennium ending June 30, 1946, contracts were let for the improvement of 1,976 miles of roadway and the construction of 92 bridges at a total cost of over twenty-seven million dollars.
Change in Administration
In 1946, Eugene Talmadge was elected Governor for the four-year term to begin in January 1947, and M. E. Thompson was elected LieutenantGovernor, an office that had been created under the new Constitution and was being filled for the first time. Governor Talmadge died before his term began and Mr. Thompson took office as Acting Governor.
W. R. Neel was appointed State Highway Director on January 18, 1947. On March 20, 1947, John C. Beasley was appointed State Highway Director and Mr. Neel was named as Deputy Director and State Highway Engineer. H. E. Nichols was appointed Treasurer and the following members were appointed to the State Highway Commission:
Judson J. Milam, Chairman Mose W. Gordon, Vice-Chairman A. E. Young, Secretary George M. Bazemore W. Gerue Dunn J. David Dyer Leon Houston
Willard H. Lariscy
L. Roy Robinson Furman D. Smith, Sr. Maurice W. Tift C. R. Vaughn
Increased Federal Aid
The Federal-aid Highway Act of 1944 and the Act of 1948 provided much larger sums for the construction of highways than any previous Federal legislation. The apportionments to Georgia under these Acts were as follows:

122 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia

1946 1947 1948 1950

$11,581,025 11,574,557 11,425,190 10,301,913

No Federal funds were appropriated by Congress for highways for the fiscal year 1949, so that the total Federal apportionments to the State of Georgia for the five-year period ending June 30, 1950, amounted to $44,882,685. The State is required to match these funds on a 50-50 basis, with the exception of ten per cent of the apportionments which may be expended on railway-highway projects without State matching, so that the total Federal-aid and State-matching funds for the five years 1946 to 1950, inclusive, amount to over 85 million dollars, or an average of about 17 million dollars per year.
During the two years ending June 30, 1948, contracts were let for the improvement of 2,340 miles of roadway and the construction of 251 bridges at a total cost of over fifty-seven million dollars. This is more than double the high record established in the previous biennium as Lo the amount of contracts awarded. However, road building costs throughout the Nation were 80 to 93 per cent higher in 1947 than in 1940.

Personnel Changes

Tom Wisdom was appointed Treasurer of the State Highway Department on September 8, 1947. John C. Beasley resigned as State Highway Director on June 4, 1948, and was succeeded by W. R. Neel, who had been serving as Deputy Director and State Highway Engineer. Mr. Neel continued in the capacity of State Highway Engineer as well as being State Highway Director, with the title of Engineer-Director. On September 13, 1948, Mr. Beasley was appointed State Highway Director for the second time and Mr. Neel resumed his former position as Deputy Director and State Highway Engineer.

Additions to State Highway System
A net decrease in State Highway System mileage occurred in 1946. Only 5 miles were added to the System in 1945 and 1.1 miles in 1946, and during the latter period, 106.6 miles were removed from the System because the roads were located in military reservations and were closed to the public. The State System mileage was increased 477.2 miles in 1947 and 100.1 miles in 1948. The total mileage as of June 30, 1948, was 14,385.5, of which 6,989.1 miles were on the Federal-aid Highway System and 6,466.8 miles on the Federal-aid Secondary System. Paved roads on the State System total 9,497 miles and the unpaved mileage is 4,888 miles.

Highway overhead structure, Central of Georgia Ry . at Cordon, on State Route 18. Project FACM 2712-B (1) .

124 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia
Division of Finance and Audits
TOM WISDOM, Treasurer
The Treasurer of the State Highway Department is the administrative head of the Division of Finance and Audits. It is his duty and responsibility to receive, protect, and disburse ail funds coming into the Highway Department.
The Division of Finance and Audits maintains an adequate system of financial records and an internal audit system. It prepares, quarterly, a comprehensive budget under which the Treasurer approves all funds for the purchase of equipment, materials, supplies and services before such purchases are authorized by the State Highway Director. This Division prepares all financial reports, including a monthly balance sheet with supporting data which reflects the current financial condition of the Highway Department and the available resources to the end of the current fiscal year.
The accompanying statements reflect the financial condition of the Highway Department for the fiscal years ending June 30, 1947, and
Jnne 30, 1948.
The balance sheet, reflecting assets, liabilities, and capital investments, is identified as Exhibit "A".
Exhibit "B" reflects the revenue from all sources accruing to the Department and the amounts appropriated to each of the various activities for the years 1947 and 1948.
The actual receipts and expenditures for the periods are presented m Exhibit "C".
A comparison of the receipts and expenditures for the past ten-yeat period is found in Exhibit "E".
The Treasurer's records are subjected to a thorough annual examination by the State Auditor, who has found the financial activities fully recorded and the accounting procedure to be sound and adequate.

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 125

EXHIBIT "A"
STATEMENT OF AssETS AND LIABILITIES
A condensed summary from Exhibit "A" is as follows:

Description

June 30, 1947

June 30, 1948

ASSETS: Current Assets .... Deferred Assets
Total Assets ... LIABILITIES:
Current Liabilities . Fund Balances ...... .
Total Liabilities ....

HO 000000 $11,882,821.49 .... 14,829,022.42
... . ........$26,'711.843.91
.$ 953,436.89 25,758,407.02
............ $26,711,843.91

$19,343,028.39 14,111,205.25
$33,454,233.64
$ 1,373,661.57 32,080,572.07
$33,454,233.64

CAPITAL INVESTMENT AccouNTs
The capital investment accounts are summarized as follows:

Description

June 30, 1947

June 30, 1948

CAPITAL INVESTMENTS:
Land, Buildings and Equipment.... ... .. $ 1,966,512.60 Roads and Bridges, Construction Cost... 311,009,765.94

Total Capital Assets.....
CAPITAL LIABILITIES:
Highway Refunding Certificates....... 2% Refunding Bonds........ .

$312,976,278.54
100.00 2,650,000.00

Total Capital Liabilities. ............$ 2,650,100.00

CAPITAL SURPLUS:

Surplus Invested in Plant

and Equipment ..... . .......... . .... . $ 1,966,512.60

Surplus Invested in Highways...

308,359,665.94

Total Capital Surplus. ..... . .................$310,326,178.54

Total Capital Liabilities and Surplus

................ $312,976,278.54

$ 2,730,560.72 330,186,205.34
$332,916,766.06
100.00

$

100.00

$ 2,730,560.72 330,186,105.34 $332,916,666.06
$~32,916,766.06

The value of equipment is adjusted annually by an approved rate of depreciation.

Roads and Bridges, Construction Cost reflects the total construction expenditures from the beginning of the Highway Department to date. The account was increased as follows:

During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1947.... During the fiscal year ending Jun~ 30, 1948..

..$18,778,646.48 ... 19,176,439.40

126 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia

EXHIBIT "B"
RECONCILIATION oF FuND SuRPLUs
This exhibit reflects funds accruing to the Department from all sources and also reflects the functions to which those funds were appropriated. Any excess of available funds over final appropriations is the result of variations in the final cost from the estimated cost. The disposition of such excess is determined by the State Budget Bureau.
A condensed statement of revenues and appropriations follows:

Description

June 30, 1947

June 30, 1948

FUND REVENUES:

Fund Surplus at beginning of year ..............$ 5,256,337.35

Fund Revenue for year from:

State Treasury (less contingent

revenue not realized) .. .

19,806,613.78

Miscellaneous Income ..........................

58,071.05

Other Sources ......................

39,338.20

$ 3,345,961.67
30,549,085.23 19,270.68

Total from Local Sources...

...........$25,160,360.38

FEDERAL CASH PARTICIPATION:

For Projects begun during year.... ...... $ 7,771,928.54

For Projects begun in prior years....

*401,041.05

$33,914,317.58
$13,028,632.89 *346,772.55

Total from Federal Government..
NON-CASH PARTICIPATION: From Counties and Railroads........

$ 7,370,887.49 $12,681,860.34

*3,205.39

1,220.00

Total Fund Revenues........

.......$32,528,042.48

FUND APPROPRIATIONS:

Construction Projects begun during year .$20,898,008.70

Unrecorded Col'struction Commitments..... 2,262,530.00

Construction Projects begun

in prior years...

*929,348.35

$46,597,397.92
$28,689,080.67 4,720,733.11 38,895.44

Total for Construction

.......... $22,231,190.35

Surveys ................................

642,072.28

Maintenance

4, 752,277.73

Administration

854,270.07

Equipment Purchases ....

332,946.66

Compensation Claims ....

20,447.50

2% Refunding Bonds.....

2,650,000.00

Loss on Insolvent Bank.......

Unallocated Appropriation Balances...

665,696.48

Reserves (less contingent revenue-

contra) ...........................

417,735.19

$33,448,709.22 1,108,600.86 5,890,882.56 1,336,094.00 940,660.46 25,166.77 2,650,000.00 4.447.46 683;486.90
562,702.09

Total Allotments and Reserves ' ................$32,566,636.26 $46,650,750.32

Deduct Deferred Charges...

38,593.78

53,352.40

Total Net Allotments and Reserves.....$32,528,042.48 $46,597,397.92

*Denotes deficit.

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 127

EXHIBIT "C"

RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES
A condensed Summary of the Revenue Receipts and Expenditures,
with the relative percentages for the periods under discussion, is as follows:

Description

Year Ended June 30, 1947 Percentage Amount

Year Ended

June 30, 1948

Percent-

age

Amount

REVENUE RECEIPTS:

State Treasury

............ 75.03

Miscellaneous Income ......... 0.22

Other Income ... .......................... 0.15

$20,256,526.48 53,071.05 39,338.20

80.62 $30,815,730.91

0.05

19,270.68

Total from Local Sources 75.40 Federal Government ............ 24.60 Non-cash from Counties...

20,353,935.73 6,642,819.41 204.86

80.67 30,835,001.59 19.33 7,388,176.55

Total Receipts ............ 100% $26,993,960.00 100% $38,223,178.14

EXPENDITURES:

Construction

.. 64.10

Surveys ..................

2.28

Maintenance ........

19.51

Administration .................... 3.25

Equipment Purchases .. 1.75

Compensation Claims............ 0.07

2% Refunding Bonds..

9.04

Loss on Insolvent Bank......

$18,778,646.48 668,273.61
5,716,352.14 952,919.46 512,199.27 20,447.50
2,650,000.00

Total Expenditures......... 100% $29,298,838.46

62.19 3.24 18.75 3.14 3.99 0.08 8.60 0.01

$19,176,439.40 998,187.21
5,781,051.92 968,232.04
1,229,472.05 25,166.77
2,650,000.00 4,447.46

100% $30,832,996.85

128 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA
FuND BALANCE SHEET
Reflecting the Fund Position for Fiscal Year Ending June 30, 1947
Exhibit "A"

CURRENT ASSETS:
Cashin Banks: State Funds. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . ...... .. Contractors Trust Fund (Contra) ..... .

ASSETS
$ 10,657,848.52 209,800.00 $ 10,867,648.52

Receivables: U.S. Government ........ . Miscellaneous Accounts . . .
Advances... ....... .

$ 1,015,172.97
19,036.30 770.00

1,034,979.27

Total Current Assets ..... .

$ 11,902,627.79

DEFERRED CHARGES:
Materials and Supplies in Stock. . . . . UD''istributed Charges and Credits ... . Undistributed State Force Charges ... . Undistributed Sign Shop ............. .
Total Proprietary Asset.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... Less: Reserve for Doubtful Assets, Advances,
and Materials and Supplies in Stock ..
Net Proprietary Assets ..

242,215.06 10,272.76 16,567.52 22,026.26

291,081.60

s 12,193,709.39

310,887.90
s 11,882,821.49

FUND ASSETS
Contingent Revenue from State Treasury on Suspended Contracts............... . . . . . .......... .
Contingent Revenue from State Treasury to Match Federal Funds Accrued Prior to .July I, 1945..... .
Contingent Revenue from State Treasury to Match 1945-1946 Federal Program ................... .
Contingent Revenue from State Treasury to Match 1946-1947 Federal Program ................... .
Contingent Revenue from State Treasury to Match Federal Funds for Surveys .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .

457,551.77 178,118.03 2,824, 748.31 10,951,537.20 417,067.11

14,829,022.42

FIXED ASSETS: (Schedule No.8)
Buildings and Lands. Road Equipment..... . Other Equipment...... .

636,245.73

s 1,136,474.02 193,792.85

1,966,512.60

Roads and Bridges-(Exhibit "D"):

Construction Cost to Date on Completed Con-

struction..................... .. . . . .. . $287,428,346.03

Coootruction Cost to Date on Construction in

Progress.......

23,581,419.91

Total Capital Inv"'tment.....

Total. ..

311,009,765.94 312,976,278.54
$339,688,122.45

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 129

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA
FUND BALANCE SHEET
Reflecting the Fund Position for Fiscal Year Ending June 30, 1947
Exhibit" A" Continued

CURRENT LIABILITIES:
Accounts Payable.. . . . . . . . . . .... . Contractors Trust Fund (Contra) .. .

LIABILITIES

Cr.$

64.08

209,800.00

PURCHASE ORDERS OUTSTANDING...

ALLOTMENTS TO COMPLE'I:E CONSTRUCTION: (Schedule No. 10)
Construction Contracts ActivetOO% Regular State Fund Contracts ..
100% Post Roads State Fund Contracbl .... State and Federal Fund Cont.racts (Gross)............
L..s: Federal Cash Participation (Schedule No. 11)..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 12,005, 'i08.34 6,834,900. 74

1,722,079.08 326,297.84
5,170,607.60

Unrecorded Commitments: State and Federal Fund Contract.s (Gross). Less: Federal Cash Participation ..

4,669,585.00 2,407,055.00

CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTS SUSPENDED: By State Highway Department and War Production Board:
100% State Fund Contracts ............... . State and Federal Fund Contracts (Gross). ...... .
Less: Federal Cash Participation (Schedule No.1!) .... .

43,693.96 23,519.02

437,686.83 20,174.94

Total. ............................... .
Less: Retained Percentage on Inactive Contracts .....

457,861.77 310.00

ALLOTMENT BALANCES: (Schedule No. 10)
Special Maintenance Under Contract ....... . Special Maintenance ..... _ Refunding Certificate. . . ..
AE-SN Federal-Aid Surveys. . .......... . Post-War Surveys. . . . . . . .. Highway Planning Survey . . Defense Traffic Survey ..

360,223.49
314,692.82 100.00
120,041.46
358,779.71
59,141.17 6,369.15

1,219,347.80

Less: Federal Cash Participation (Schedule No. 11)

544,331.49

APPROPRIAT10N BALANCES: For Matching Federal Aid .... All Construction .... . All Maintenance . .... . All Administration .... . Equipment Purchases..
Compensation Claims....

(Schedule No. 14)

360,438.94 91,543.33
139,798.63 20,144.55 51,283.43
2,487.60

209,735.92 743,700.97 7 ,218,9.84.52 2,262,530.00
457,551.77
675,016.31 665,696.48

RESERVES:
Machinery Replacement Account . . . . ......... . Emergency Fund. . . . . ........................... . Retained Percentag~ on Inactive Contracts . ......... . For Matching Federal Aid Accrued Prior to July 1, 1945 Fur Matching Federal-Aid 1945-1946 Program ..
For Matching Federal-Aid 1946-1947 Program .. For Matching Federal-Aid Surveys ...

48,391.53
58,455.76 310.00
178,118.03
2,824, 748.31
10,951,537.20 417,067.11

14,478,627.94

CAPITAL, LIABILITIES AND SURPLUS: Refunding Certificate Due 1940 .... . 2% Refunding Bonds Due 1948 .. .
Surplus Invested in Plant and Equipment. Surplus Invested in Highways ........... .

s . . $

100.00

2,650,000.00

2,650,100.00

s 1,966,512.60
308,359,665.94 310,326,178.54

312,976,278.54

Total. ..

$339,688,122.45

130 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA
RECONCILIATION oF FuND SuRPLus
July 1, 1946 to June 30, 1947

Exhibit"B"

Surplus Reserves at July 1, 1946 ....

5,256,337.35

FUND REVENUE

LOCAL SOURCES:

State Treasury................................... .

Contingent Revenue from State Treasury ........... .

Miscellaneous Income.. . . .

. ........... .

Other Income.. .. . . . . . . .. .

. .......... ..

$ 19,806,613.78 14,371,470.65
58,071.05 39,338.20

$ 34,275,493.68

FEDERAL CASH PARTICIPATION: Federal Aid-Regular. . . . . . . . . . .. Federal Aid-Secondary... . . . . . . . Federal Aid-Grade Crossings ..... . National Recovery ....... . Works Program ......... .
Access Roads ....................... . Flight Strips............ . Strategic Network....... .

4,300,500.23 2,800,353.24
349,417.88 9,916.55
110,161.96 Cr. 194,723.21
1,000.00 Cr. 5, 739.16

7,370,887.49

NON-CASH PARTICIPATION: Counties on Post Roads ............. .
Total Fund Revenue and Participation ..
Available for Appropriations and Reserves.

Cr. 3,205.39
s 41,643,175.78 s 46,899,513.13

FUND APPROPRIATIONS

CONSTRUCTION: State-Aid Contracts .... . Post Roads Contracts ............. . Federal-Aid Contracts-Regular ...... .
Federal-Aid Contracts-Secondary ....... . Federal-Aid Contracts-Grade Crossings .. . Works Program Contracts. Access Roads Contract. .. Flight Strips Contract...... .
Unrecorded Commitment... .

4,274,591. 69
1,108,822.39 8,652,603.22 5,699, 734.90
456,432.21 24,532.40
Cr. 276,423.63 1,000.00
2,262,530.00

Total Contract Appropriations .. Add: Construction by State Forces .....

$ 22,203,823.18 27,367.17

Total Construction Appropriations to Date.

$ 22,231,190.35

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 131

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA

REcoNCILIATION oF FuND SuRPLUS
July 1, 1946 to June 30, 1947

Exhibit "B" Continued

FUND APPROPRIATIONS (CONTINUED)

SURVEYS: Regular ................. . Post Roads.................. . AE-SN Federal Aid ......... .
Post-War................ . Access Roads ............... .

409,088.37 101,864.99 31,208.56 99,901.06
9.30

642,072.28

MAINTENANCE: Regular. . .. . Under Contract ... . Special.. .......... . Center Line ........ . Sign Maintenance .. . Sign Shop ........... .
Eait Point Shop.... . Douglas Shop...... .

2,763,011.80 I ,306,299.17
317,688.25 225,465.42 71,234.32
24,757.72 35,640.82 8,180.23

4,752,277. 73

ADM'INISTRATION: General Administration ... .
Research and Analysis ..... . Highway Planning Survey .. Defense Traffic Survey ...

704,960.29
6,594.88 141,296.03
1,418.87

854,270.07

MISCELLANEOUS: Equipment Purchases ..
Compensation Claims .. . 2% Refunding Bonds .. .

332,946.66 20,447.50 2,650,000.00

3,003,394.16

UNEXPENDED APPROPRIATION BALANCES: For Matching Federal Aid ...
All Construction .... . All Maintenance ...... . All Administration .... . Equipment Purchases .. Compensation Claims...

360,438.94 91,543.33 139,798.63 20,144.55 51,283.43 2,487.60

665,696.48

RESERVES: Doubtful Assets and Deferred Charges. Machinery Replacement Account ..... . Emergency Fund.................... . Contingent Revenue ................. .
Deduct: Balance of Undistributed State Force Expenditures ..... ....................................... . Balance of Sign Shop Expenditures Carried Forward as Deferred Charges............................. .
Total Allotments and Reserves ........ .

310,887.90 48,391.53 58,455.76 14,371,470.65
16,567.52
22,026.26

s 14,789,205.84 46,938,106.91
38,593.78
s 46,899,513.13

132 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA

REVENUE RECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES
July 1, 1946 to June 30, 1947

Exhibit "C"

REVENUE RECEIPTS

s CASH: State Treasury ................................... . 20,256,526.48

Miscellaneous Income . ...................... . Other Income .............................. .

s 58,071.05
39,338.20 20,353,935.73

FEDERAL GOVERNMENT: Federal Aid-Regular........... . . . ...... .
Federal Aid-Secondary ........ . Federal Aid-Grade Crossings. Works Program ................... . Access Roads .......... . Strategic Network ........... . AE-SN Federal-Aid Surveys .... . Highway Planning Survey...... .

4,509,537. 74 1,598,815. 71
266,371 89 11,711.26 23,131.89 87,270.77 24,536.99
121,443.16 $ 6,642,819.41

Total Cash Revenue and Participation......

S 26,996,755.14

NON-CASH PARTICIPATION: Counties on Post Roads.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

204.86

Total Revenue Receipts and Non-Cash Participation. . . ..................... .

s 26,996.960.00

EXPENDITURES

CONSTRUCTION: State-Aid Contracts. . ........ . Post Roads Contracts ....... . Federal-Aid Contracts-Regular .. Federal-Aid Contracts-Secondary ...... . Federal-Aid Contracts-Grade Crossings. Works Program Contracts. Access Roads Contracts... . ......... . Fli2ht Strips Contracts .................. .
Total Contract Expenditures ............ . Add: Construction by State Forces ........ .

4,711,153.55 1,397,796.58 8,925,894.89 3,368,110.46
319,103.55 16,742.13 21,504.21 4,047.71
$ 18,764,353.08 30,860.92

Total Construction Expenditures......... . . . . . . . S 18,795,214.00

Deduct: Balance of Undistributed State Force Ex-

penditures not distributed at June 30, 1947,. but

carried forward as Deferred Charges.. . .

16,567.52

Total Construction Expenditures .... ..... .

$ 18,778,646.48

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia. . 133

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA

REVENUE RECEIPTS AND ExPENDITURES
July 1, 1946 to June 30, 1947

Exhibit "C" Contlnued

EXPENDITURES (CONTINUEDl

SURVEYS: Regular ......................................... .
Post Roads ...................................... . AE-SN Federal Aid ............................... . Post-War........................................ . Access Roads .................................... .

410,141.14 101,369.29 55,884.03 100,869.85
9.30

Total Surveys................................ .

668,273.61

MAINTENANCE: Regular .............................. . Under Contract ....................... .
Special.. ........................................ . Center Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sign Maintenance ................................ . Sign Shop ............................ .
East Point Shop .................................. . Douglas Shop.................................... .

2,731,903.21 1,888,775.53
730,393.51 250,285.05 71,204.92 22,026.26 35,558.57
8,231.35

Deduct: Balance of Sign Shop Undistributed June 30, 1947 but carried forward as Deferred Charg., .....

5,738,378.40 22,026.26

Total Maintenance.

$ 5,716,352.14

ADMINISTRATION:

General Administration .

. ......... .

R..earch and Analysis ................... .

Highway Planning Survey ..

Defense Traffic Survey.. . .. . . . . . ............. .

699,840.13 6,399. 68
245,260.78 1,418.87

Total Administration.

952,919.46

MISCELLANEOUS: Equipment Purchases............ . Compensation Claims.... . 2% Refunding Bonds . . . . . ......... .
Total Miscellaneous.

512,199.27 20,447.50 2,650,000.00

s 3,182,646.77

Total Expenditures ........................... .

$ 29,298,838.46

RESUM~
Total Receipts .................................. . Less: Total Expenditures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Excess Expenditures Over Receipts................. . Add: Proprietary Surplus at July I, 1946........... .
Proprietary Surplus at June 30, 1947 ................ .

s 26,996,960.00 29,298,838.46
s 2,301,878.46 14,285,851.93
$ 11,983.973.47

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA

SuMMARY oF CoNSTRUCTION
June 30, 1947

"Exhibit D"

DESCRIPTION

Total Allotments

EXPENDITURES

Net Encumbrances

Payments

Total Charges

Cost to Complete

State Funds

FUNDS PARTICIPATING

Federal Funds

County and W.P.A. Funds
and Other
I Non-Cash

Other Funds

Total Allotments

Open Projects .... Closed Projects ..
Totals................ .

s $38,125,711.89
287,428,346 03 ..
s $325,554,057.92

Total Allotment Distribution. . . . . ....... . Deduct: Construction Funds Received ... .

Total Construction Funds Due: State Funds ..

F'ederal Funds, Cash ..

County and W. P. A. Participation ...

Other Participation ...

Total Funds Due.

9,025.93 s 23,581,419.91 s 23,590,445.84 s 14,535,266.05 s 22,022,928.94 s 16,065,644.75$............. s

287,428,346.03 287,428,346.03

151,475,866.29 88,892,143.66 46,408,360.81

s 9,025.93 1311,009,765.94 13!1,018,791.87 14,535,266.05

s $173,498,795.23$104,957,788.41$46,408,360.81
165,821,948.94 98,099,368.65 46,408,360.81

37,138.20 s 38,125,711.89
651,975.27 287,428,346.03
689,113.471325,554,057.92 689,113.47 311,018,791.87

.. s 7,676,846.29

6,858,419. 76
. s

0.00
. s

0.00 . . $ 14,535,266.05

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA
CoMPARATIVE STATBIENT oF REVENUE RECEIPTS AND ExPENDITURES
For Ten-Year Period Ending June 30, 1947
REVENUE RECEIPTS

Exhihit "E"

=---- 1938

1939

1940

1941

1942

1943

1

1944

1945

1946

1947

:awM~;~::l~=~n~e Fee~---- ~=~=9.49 ~-~=~264.75 ~879,:~: ~-~=:=~= ~-=~147.11 ~-~~~~-]~~----~ ~~~--- ~~~~~~

Motor Fuel Taxes.. ..

12,531,620.60 12,934,185.25 13,907,328.95 12,844,090.83 15,553,793.07 ............

. ............. .

Maintenance Tag Taxes..............

620.435.61

. .

R7.90. .. . .....

. ............ .

Rolling Store Taxes..................

2,304.79

7,777.07 ..... 6;4i:i.831

2,690.82

9,428.27 . .... ...

.............

. ......... .

~ale of Refunding Bonds..............

. ............................ 5.. 3.4.1. '. 9.2_5.. o_0,. 2, 719,138.50

Arpropriations... .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . .

... ............... ............... ..............

. .

14,068,185.50 12,804,562.55 11,971,296.93 22,139,235.95 20,256,526.48

------ ------------

Total from State Sources ......... S 14,547,300.49 S 14.841,227.07 :21,134,886.93 117,432,306.59 S 17,462,436.35$ 14,068,185.50$ 12,804,562.55111,971,296.93$ 22,139,235.95 S 20,256,526.48

Revenue from Other Sources:

U.S. Government. Cash......

7,524,424.57 5, 118,142.98 3,906,438.32

Counties ............................... .

............. Cr. 12,215.50

Railroads, Cities and Others.

378.76 ............... Cr.

473.01

3,968,126.55 2,468,051.20 40,999.09

4,425,503.60

4,428,027.16
.............

13,500.00

12,037.48

2,226,818.94 2,705,588.54
8,961. 71 ....... . 27,936.22 .............. .

6,642,819.41 :i9;:i:iil:2o

Miscellaneous Income ............... .

29,679.45

16,816.73

5,565.03

154,444.26

92:7os:4:i

137,050.54

263,330.63

552,746.45

32,401.99

58,071.05

\Vork Projects Administration ........ .

8,721.80

939,067.66 7,943,546.25 2,976,336.86 1,356,660. 75 1,033,917.04

188,132.74

42,020.79

Counties, Non-Cash ..

90,857.33 1,475,196.02 1,593,022.81

563,720.72

720,031.68

524,168.43

352,072.96

55,200.16

29,310.40

Cities, Non-Cash .................................. .

12.291.24

.......... .

1-----1------ ----------------------------------------------

Total Revenue Receipts .......... S 22,192,640.60 $ 21,460,104.60 $ 27,566,292. 24i$ 30,103,143.46 S 23,719,564.52 S 20,525,068.82 S 18,893,947.82 $ 15,043,384.39 $ 24,948,557.67 S 26,996,960.00

EXPENDITURES

s s s s I

Administration Construction ..

............

..............

Surveys ....... Maintenance ...

.. ....
......

.....

..

..........



Compensation Claims ................. , ..

$

563,245.23
20,343,037.80 543,144.99
1,904, 763.38

$ 541,184.67
15,313,972.60 418,504.97
....1.,.562,283.72

$ 516,537.86$ 641,976.57

15,125,550.07 25' 843' 834.03

447,236.38

355,002.12

..

1,675,271.11 ........

...2..,0. 69,597.05

$ 344,938.04
17,431,836.23 236,936.01
. .1..,.908,317.21

446,806.32 $ 377,586.96

12,156,409.41 7,904,986.85

109,593.63

109,364.33

.

.

1,930,890.27 ...

3,188,841.06 ....

432,451.24 4,446,878.72
297,883.76 5,152,912.87
45,453.70

516,022.41 6,053,516.25
645,285.44 7' 129,115.05
24,337.27

706,239.81
18,778,646.48 668,273.61
5,716,352.14 20,447.50

Highway Planning Survey ................ .. 244::io6: oil

363,968.62

196,063.61

120,959.08

72,454.28

51' 958.04

67,058.02

68,931.26

181,368.17

246,679.65

Lands, Buildings. and Equipment..........

633,975.65

190,694.63 2, 718,070.15 1,475,077.29

5,019.49

6,148.07

36,895.07

155,722.48

514,795.59

512,199.27

Redemption of Debt ..................... 2,678,197.31 2,671,490.93 2,662,546.47 2,646,536. 70 2,691,189.62 2,666, 790.93 2,666, 790.93 2,665,291.01 2,651,500.00 2,650,000.00

s s s s Legislative and Other Transfers ............

103,669.56

100,277.12 2,346,075.12

------

154' 467.67

304,459.96

20,100.03

............... ------

--- ---

-

41 '770.51 -----

------

Total Expenditures. . ... ....... .. $ 27,014,340.01 $ 21,162,377.26 25,687,350.77 33,307,450.51 22,995, 150.84[s!7.3s8.696.70 $ 14,351,523.22 $ 13,265,525.04 17,757,710.69 $ 29,298,838.46

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA
CoMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE RECEIPTS AND ExPENDITURES
For Ten-Year Period Ending June 30, 1947

1938

1939

1940

1941

1942

1943

1944

1945

Exhibit "E" Continued

1946

1947

Excess Expenditures Over Receipts ........ $ 4,821,699.41 $.............. $.

..... $ 3,204,307.05 $............. s..

. s.. ............ $.............. s.............. $ 2,301,878.46

Excess Receipts Over Expenditures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

297,727. 34 1,878,941.47

724,413.68 3,136,372.12 4,542,424.60 1,777,859.35 7,190,846.98 ............. ..

Add: Cash, Inventories and Deferred

Charges at Beginning of Period.......... 6,432,535.20 1,576,056.05 1,873,783.39 3, 752,724.86

548,417.81 1,272,831.49 4,359,543.07 8,674,302.64 8,002,469.42 14,743,403.70

l--------1--------l--------1--------l--------

Balance: Cash, Inventories and Deferred

ChargesatEndofPeriod............... 1,610,835.79 1,873,783.39 3,752,724.86

548,417.81 1,272,831.49 4,409,203.61 8,901,967.67 10,452,161.99 15,193,316.40 12,441,525.24

Deduct: Fund Balances, Contracts, Re-

serves and Outstanding Purchase Orders

atEndofPeriod.....................

7,119,116.97 5,791,010.40 15,820,000.49 14,040,139.92 8,775,155.57 8,150,608.86 8,700,522.26 10,219,401.90 15,193,316.40 12,441,525.24

Fund Deficit at End of Period.

.. S 5,508,281.18 $ 3,917,227.01$ 12,067,275.63$ 13,491,722.1li-$-7~,5~0~2.~3~24~.~08-I-S-.-3.-,.7.~4.~.1.-4-.~0.5..~-2.5.1$....

~~ ~~ . . . .._. . $...............

.......... ..

Fund Surplus at End of Period. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .

201 445 41 232,760.09 . . .. .. .. . . . . . . . . ............. .

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA
INVENTORY OF LANDS, BUILDINGS, AND EQUIPMENT
June 30, 1947

Schedule No.8

DESCRIPTION
Lands ........................................ . Buildings..... . .......................... . Trucks* ................................ . Tractors ..... ............................ . Power Graders* ......................... . Graders ................................. . Other Road Equipment.................... . Office Equipment ......................... . Engineering Equipment . ..... . Laboratory Equipment..................... . Shop Eqmpment .............. .
Totals .................................... .

Appraised Value
June 30, 1946
-----
184,995.25 450,885.58 153,468.59 84,421.40 173,099.47 34,389.30 548,482.07 66,344.12 55,518.09
6,072.43 21,548.95
$1,779,225.25

Additions Fiscal Year 1946--1947
300.00 64.90 282,237.94 33,934.73 61,314.87 10,276.04 58,228.99 19,611.44 13,558.84 2,776.84 29,894.68
512,199.27

Totals

Depreciation
I Fiscal Year 1946--1947

Equipment
Disposed of by Sales

Equipment Junked

Appraised
Value June .30, 1947

185,295.25 450,950.48 435,706.53 118,356.13 234,414.34 44,665.34 606,711.06 85,955.56 69,076.93
8,849.27 51,443.63
$2,291,424.52

$ ...
106,951.63 25,626.53 58,603.58 4,466.53 58,081.11 8,595.56 6,907.69
884,93 5,144.36
275,261.92

$.. ............ $.............. ................ ................

.............

7,900.00

... . . .1. .5.,35..0..0.0... . . . .. . .. 5.0. .0..0.0.. .


. . ... 2..5.,9.0.0...0.0. . .
..............
................

................ .........................



...........

185,295.25 450,950.48 320,854.90
76,879.60 175,810.76 40,198.81
522,729.95 77,360.00
62,169.24 7,964.34 46,299.27

41,250.00

8,400.00 $1,966,512.60

The amount of $5.441.77 is deducted from Power Graders and added to Trucks to correct error last year.

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA
SuMMARY oF UNENCUMBERED ALLOTMENTS
(Also Reflecting Reconciliation with Expenditures Since July 1, 1946) June 30, 1947

Schedule No. 10

Description of Funds

FUNDS AVAILABLE

Balances

Net

June 30, 1947 Allotments

Totals

CHARGES
Net Encumbrances Expenditures

Totals

Available
Balances June 30,
1947

ANALYSIS OF BALANCES

Other Participation

State Funds

CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTS: Regular State Funds ........... .
Post Roads .................. . Federal Aid-Regular ............ . Federal Aid-Secondary ... .
Federal Aid-Grade Crossings ............. .
Works Program .............................. . Access Roads ........................... .
Flight Strips............................ .

$ 2,596,188.38$4,274,591.69$ 6,870,780.07 $Cr. 139.39$4,711,153.55$4,711,014.16$2,159,765.91 $............. S 2,159,765.91

614,981.50 1,108,822.39 1,723,803.89 Cr. 290.53 1,397,796.58 1,397,506.05 326,297.84 .............. 326,297.84

8,044,423.51 8,652,603.22 16,697,026.73

818.75 8,925,894.89 8,926,713.64 7,770,313.09 4,250,618.76 3,519.694.33

1,142,035.97 5,699,734.90 6,841,770.87

2,098.02 3,368,110.46 3,370,208.48 3,471,562.39 1,772,496.65 1,699,065.74

600,332.06 456,432.21 1,056,764.27

159.62 319,103.55 319,263.17 737,501.10 764,126.89 Cr. 26,625.79

42,869.36

24,532.40

67,401.76 Cr.

81.36

16,742.13

16,660.77

50,740.99

54,043.44 Cr. 3,302.45

310,890.36 Cr. 276,423.63

34,466.73..............

21,504.21

21,504.21

12,962.52

12,899.11

63.41

9,169.92

1,000.00

10,169.92 ..............

4,047.71

4,047.71

6,122.21

4,234.91

1,887.30

Total Contracts ............................ $13,360,891.06 $19,941,293.18 $33,302,184.24 S 2,565.11 $18,764,353.08 $18,766,918.19 $14,535,266.05 S 6,858,419. 76 S 7,676,846.29

Add: ConstructionbyStateForces*............. .............

10,799.65

10,799.65Cr. 3,493.75

14,293.40

10,799.65 .................. , ...................... .

Total Construction ......................... $13,360,891.06$19,952,092.83$33,312,983.89 $Cr. 928.64$18,778,646.48$18,777,717.84$14,535,266.05 S 6,858,419.76 S 7,676,846.29

ALLOTMENTS FOR GENERAL OPERATIONS:

Surveys-Regular ....................... . Surveys-Post Roads ........... . Surveys-AE-SN Federal Aid ..

. i44:578 45

409,088.37 101,864.99
31,208.56

409,088.37 Cr. 1,052. 77

101,864.99

495.70

175,787.01 Cr. 138.48

410,141.14 101,369.29 55,884.03

409,088.37 ......................................... . 101,864.99 ......................................... .
55,745.55 120,041.46 120,041.46 ............. .

Surveys-Post-War . ......... . Surveys-Access Roads .. Maintenance-Regular ...
Maintenance-Under Contract ....

358,779.71 942;8i3.47

99,901.06 9.30
2,763,011.80 1,306,299.17

458,680.77 Cr. 968.79

9.30 ............. .

2,763,011.80

31,108.59

2,249,112.64

113.62

100,869.85
9.30 2, 731,903.21 1,888,775.53

99,901.06 358,779.71 358,779.71 ............. .

9.30 ......................................... .

a6o;iza:49 2,763,011.80... .

. .

1,888,889.15 360,223.49 .... :::: ..... .

Maintenance-Special. .. Center Line.

708,804.77

317,688.25 1,026,493.02 Cr. 18,593.31 225,465.42 225,465.42 Cr. 24,819.63

730,393.51 250,285.05

711,800.20 314,692.82 .. 225,465.42 .. .

314.~92.82

Sign Maintenance .

71,234.32

71,234.32

29.40

71,204.92

71,234.32 .. .

Sign Shop* .....

2,731.46

2,731.46

2,731.46

2,731.46 .. .

East Point Shop

35,640.82

35,640.82

82.25

35,558.57

35,640.82 .. .

Douglas Shop ..

8,180.23

8,180.23Cr.

51.12

8,231.35

8,180.23 .................... .

Administration. . ......... . Research and Analysis .... .

704,960.29 6,594.88

704,960.29 6,594.88

5,120.16 195.20

699,840.13 6,399.68

704,960.29 ........ . 6,594.88

Equipment Purchases ...... .

332,946.66 332,946.66 Cr. 179,252.61 512,199.27 332,946.66 .. .

Compensation Claims ...... . Refunding Certificate ........ . 2% Refunding Bonds ........ .
Highway Planning Survey

100.00 180,584.33

20,447.50
2,650,000.00 141,296.03

20,447.50 ............ .

100.00..............

2,650,000.00..............

321,880.36

17,478.41

20,447.50 . ............ .

20,447.so ........ iixi.oo:.

2,650,000.00 245,260.78

2,650,000.00 262,739.19

..... 59;i4. i:i7

.. 59; i4i: i7 ::::

100.00

Defense Traffic Survey.

6,369.15

1,418.87

7, 788.02..............

1,418.87

f,418.87

6,369.15

6,369.15

Totals.

---------1---------

1---------

......... $15,702,920.94 129,182,080.81 $44,885,001.75 SCr.168,450. 56 S29,29R,838. 46 $29,130,387.90 $15,754,613.85 $ 7,402, 751.25 $ 8,3.11, 862.60

______________________________________________________. *The State Force Construction Allotments and Expenditures include $12,331.23 brou~ht forward at beginning of the period as Undistributed Charges and exclude $16,567.52 which represents Undistributed Charges at June 30, 1947. Also exclude $22,026.26 which represents Undistributed Charges for Sign Shop at June 30, 1947.

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 139

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA

DETAIL OF EQUIPMENT ALLOTMENTS
July 1, 1946 to June 30, 1947

Schedule No. I0-C

ACCOUNTS

Allotments

Net

for Year Encumbrances Expenditures

Total Charges

Administration.............

. ............ $ 10,263.69 $Cr. 11,479.90$ 21,743.59$ 10,263.69

Construction..................................

6,611.29 Cr. 26,684.40

33,295.69

6,611.29

Maintenance............... .................. 311,817.63 Cr. 140,782.28 452,599.91 311,817.63

Highway Planning Survey.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4,254.05 Cr. 306.03

4,560.08

4,254.05

I---------1----------1--------1---------

Totals................................... $ 332,946.66 $Cr.179,252.61 $ 512,199.27 S 332,946.66
1=======1======1=======1======

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA

ANALYSIS OF EQUIPMENT PURCHASES

July 1, 1946 to June 30, 1947

Schedule No. 12-D

TYPE OF EQUIPMENT

Cost

Land ............................................................. _.................... $

Buildings........................ . ................................................ ..

Trucks........................... . .................................................. .

Tractors..........................

. ...................... - .. -- --

Power Graders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................................... .

Graders .............................................................................. .

Other Road Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .......................... .

Office Equipment ....................................................................... .

Engineering Equipment. . . ............................................................. .

Laboratory Equipment.................................................................. .

Shop Equipment. .. .. . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . . ......................... .

300.00 64.90
276,796.17 33,934.73 66,756.64
10,276.04 58,228.99 19,611.44 13,558.84
2, 776.84 29,894.68

Totals.............................................................................. $ 512,199.27

140 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA
SuMMARY oF ExPENDITURES BY CoNGRESSIONAL DISTRICTs
July 1, 1946 to June 30, 1947
Schedule No. 1(}-F

DISTRICTS

Construction

Surveys

Maintenance

Total Expenditures

First ......................... S

Second .......................

Third ........................

Fourth .......................

Fifth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sixth ... Seventh. Eighth ..


................


....

.

Ninth ........................

Tenth.......

1,598,263.35 974,487.56
3,160,628.73
2,932, 794.44 413,444.98 870,472.29
2,998,352.92
3,125,055.33 1,340,544.08 1,364,602.80

Totals .................... $ 18. 778. 646.48

61,144.12 63,582.08 59,439.16 85,065.42 38,124.25 64,006.54 84,460.46 42,041.25 102,785.49 67.624.84
668,273.61

648,039.03 368,535.81 976,932.80 613,191.07 138,440.74 457.617.99 529,387.13 871,131.10 619,526.33 493,550.14
5, 716,352.14

2,307,446.50
1,406,605.45 4,197,000.69 3,631,050.93
590,009.97
1,392,096.82 3,612,200.51 4,038,227.68 2,062,855.90
1,925, 777.78

Total Expenditures by Congressional Districts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S 25, 163,272. 23

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 141

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA

EsTIMATED PARTICIPATION
June 30, 1947

Schedule No. 11

Description of Funds

Balances June 30, 1946

Additions Since
July 1, 1946

Earned Since July 1, 1946

Balances To Be Earned

FEDERAL CASH PARTICIPATION:

Federal Aid-Regular ............ .. $

Federal Aid-Secondary .......... ..

Federal Aid-Grade Crossings ..... ..

National Recovery ...

Works Program .......... .. .....

Access Roads ............ .....

Flight Strips ......... .. ......

Strategic Network . . . . . . . . . ....

AE-SN Federal-Aid Surveys ........

Post-War Surveys ......... .....

Highway Planning Survey Defense Traffic Survey . ..

. ..

...

..



Totals..................... ... s

s s 4,270,215.86 4,300,500.23 $ 4,509,537. 74

570,959.12 2,800,353.24 1,598,815. 71

599,342.40

349,417.88

266,371.89

58,261.17

9,916.55 .... .....

109,762.66

110,161.96

11,711.26

230,754.21 Cr. 194,723.21

23,131.89

3,234.91

1,000.00.

141,841.20 Cr. 5,739.16

87,270.77

144,578.45 ....

24,536.99

358,779.71 ........

. ...

1860,,538649..3135.

. ..1.21. .,4.4.3... .16

s 6,674,683.17 7,370,887.49 $ 6,642,819.41

4,061,178.35 1, 772,496.65
682,388.39 68,177.72 208,213.36 12,899.11 4,234.91 48,831.27 120,041.46 358,779.71 59,141.17
6,369.15

Total Federal Cash Participation Unearned June 30, 1947 (Ex-
hibit"A") .................. ....

.. ... ..... ........... $ 7,402, 751.25

NON-CASH PARTICIPATION:

Counties on OTHER CASH

Post Roads ............ PARTICIPATION. ...

S.......

3,410.25 .......

$Cr.

3,205.39 $ 37,138.20

204.86 ...

. .....

37' 138.20 . .. ...... .......

Total Participation-All Sources June 30, 1947 (Exhibit "A") ..

$ 7,402, 751.25

Object of Expenditures

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA
SuMMARY OF ExPENDITURES BY OBJECT CLASSIFICATION
July 1, 1946 to June 30, 1947

Administration

Construction and Surveys

Maintenance

Equipment

Redemption of Debt

Compensation
Claim.<~

Highway
Planning Survey

Schedule No. 12
Total Expenditures

Personal Services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 468,094.21

1,215,050.29 $ 2,296,588. 70

198,867.35

4,178,600.55

Equipment Expenses. . . . . . ........... , ..

17,712.48

66,463.27

735,212.55

3,949.96

823,338.26

Equipment Purchases . ....... . Communication Services......

20,825.10

"':i;884:5iJ"" ""'i4;744:72'

493.56

512,199.27 39,947.88

Heat, Light, Power and Water. .. .. . . . .. . . .

11,489.69

155.53

7,219.50

387.62

19,252.34

Rents......................................

11,471.00

2,380. 78

30,422.00

6, 743.34

51,017.12

Traveling Expenses..........................

46,817.67

214,900.21

98,730.88

19,015.23

379,463.99

Supplies and Materials...... . . .. . . .. .. .. .. .. .

22,718.29

53,255.47

486,478.16

5,253.35

567,705.27

Road and Bridge Materials ...................................... .

1,520.35

1,520.35

Insurance..................................

4,716.79

5.23

9,452.43

540.94

14,715.39

Printing and Binding........................

20,459.10

108.62

980.92

21,548.64

Indemnity Claims...........................

78,117.49

78,117.49

Compensation Claims ........... ...............................

20,447.50

20,447.50

Payments to Contractors. ................... . Special and Misr.ellaneous Expenses .......... .

3,si7:99.

17,546.107.75 343,G88.09

1, 782,578.58 254,924.62

10,447.38

19,328,686.33 3,262,278.08

Amount of Shop Transfers. . . . .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . .. . . .

. .............. .

-----------I-----------I---------------------I-----------I,-----------1--------------------

Total Administration (Exhibit C) ......... $ 706,239.81

Total Construction (Exhibit C) ........... = = = = = = = S 19,446,920.09

Total Maintenance (Exhibit C) ....... , .. .

s 5, 716,352.14

Equipment Purchases (Exhibit C) ........ .

512,199.27

Redemption of Debt (Exhibit C) ......... .

$ 2,650,000.00

Compensation ClaimB (Exhibit C) ........ .

20,447.50

Highway Plannin~ Survey (Exhibit C) .... .

246,679.65

Total Expenditureq ..................... .

$ 29,298,838.46

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 143

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA

ANALYSIS OF PAYMENTS OF REFUNDING BONDS
July 1, 1946 to June 30, 1947

Schedule No. 12-E

DESCRIPTION Refundin~ Certificate Due March 25, 1940. 2% Refunding Bonds Due March 15, 1947.
Less: Certifirate not presented for payment.
Total Payment Refundiu~ Bonds . . . . . . . . .

100.00 2,650,000 00
$

2,650,100.00 100.00
2,650,000.00

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA

APPROPRIATION BALANCES
June 30, 1947

Schedule No. 14

CONSTRUCTION: For Matching Federal Aid.. . .. . . . ............ . Regular Construction ............ . Surveys ..........................
MAINTENANCE: Heavy Maintenance . ............ . Center Line .................... .
ADMINISTRATION ............................. .
EQUIPMENT PURCHASES ...................... .
COMPENSATION CLAIMS ................. .
Total Appropriation Balances June 30, 1947 (Exhibit "A") ................................. .

82,821.97 8, 721.36
122,333.91 17,464.72

360,438.94 91,543.33
139,798.63 20,144.55 51,283.43 2,487.60

665,696.48

Bridge over Altamaha River on State Route 4 in Appling and Toombs Counties. Bridge is 4087 feet long, with roadway width of 28 feet between curbs. Another view of this bridge is on opposite page. ProjectS -FA P 427 (6 ) .

Piney BlLt/] Bridge over Altamaha River on tate Ro1tte 4 in Appling and Toombs Counties. Top, old bridge !towing draw span. Bottom, new structure constructed at high level to eliminate draw span. Project -FAP 427 (6 ) .

cene w Vogel State Park, reached by tate Route 11.

Photo by Edgar Orr, Atlanta

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 147
STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT FINANCIAL STATEMENTS For Fiscal Year Ending June 30, 1948 Begin on Page 148

148 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA
FuND BALANCE SHEET
Reflecting the Fund Position for Fiscal Year Ending June 30, 1948
Exhibit "A"

ASSETS

CURRENT ASSETS: Cash in BanksState Funds ....................... . Contractors Trust Fund (Contra)

s $ 17,629,316.29 313,650.00 17,942,966.29

ReceivablesD. S. Government ..... . Miscellaneous Accounts.
Advances ..... .

1,400,062.10 13' 782.74 3,645.00

1,417,489.84

Total Current Assets..

$ 19,360,456.13

)')EFERRED CHARGES:
Materials and Supplies in Stock ... Undistributed Charges and Credits. Undistributed Charges Sign Shop ....

241,972.25 31 '987. 33 53,352.40

327,311.98

Total Proprietary Assets.... . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . Less: Reserve for Doubtful Assets, Advances, and
Materials and Supplies in Stock.

$ 19,687,768. 11 344,739.72 $ 19,343,028.39

FUND ASSETS:

Contingent Revenue from State Treasury on Suspended

Contfn:e~:c~~v~~~~ .f~~;~. St~i~ .T~~~~~;y. i~ M~i~h

Federal Aid Accrued Prior to July 1, 1945. Contingent Revenue from State Treasury to

M~t~h

1945-1946 Federal Program .................... .

Contingent Revenue from State Treasury to Match

1946-1947 Federal Program............ . .....

Contingent Revenue from State Treasury to Match

1947-1948 Federal Program ...

Conting~nt Revenue from State Treasury to Match

Federal-Aid Surveys ....... .

190,906.09 490,388.60 1,363,812.00 3,734,623.31 8,255,857.00
75,618.25

14,111,205.25

FIXED ASSETS: (Schedule No. 6) Buildings and Lands. Road Equipment .... .
Other Equipment ... .

.. .. $ 689,048.10 1,838,580.42
202,932.20 $ 2,730,560.72

Roads and Bridges-(Exhihit "D")

Construction Cost to Date on Completed Con-

c~!~~rc~~~io~ c~~i i~ n~t~ ~~ c~~~t;~~tio~ i~ $293' 329' 151. 17

Progress ........ .

36,857,054.17

330,186,205.34

Total Capital Investments..

332,916,766.06

Total. .............. .

$366,370,999.70

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 149

STATE HIGHWAY DEP"A.._~TMENT OF GEORGIA
FuND BALANCE SHEET
Reflecting the Fund Position for Fiscal Year Ending June 30, 1948
Exhibit "A" Continued

LIABILITIES

CURRENT LIABILITIES:
Accounts Payable ................................ . Contractors Trust Fund (Contra) . . ............... .

Cr.$

36.65

313,650.00

313,613.35

PURCHASE ORDERS OUTSTANDING .............. .

1,060,048.22

ALLOTMENTS TO COMPLETE

CONSTRUCTION: (Schedule No.8)

Construction Contracts. Active-

100% Regular State Fund Contracts .... .

100% Post Roads State Fund Contracts ... .

State and Federal Fund Contracts (Gross)...

Less: Federal Cash Participation

(ScheduleNo.9) ............ $11,987,732.50

Less: Non-Cash Participation

(Schedule No.9).

1,220.00

S 20,167,426.37 11,988,952.50

2,507,780.65 1,359,590.07
8,178,473.87 12,045,844.59

Unrecorded Commitments100% Regular State Fund Contracts ..... 100% Post Roads State Fund Contracts . State and Federal Fund Contracts (Gross).... . . . Less: Federal Cash Participation....

$ 6, 699,519.08 3,404,818,00

788,145.36 637,886.67
3,294, 701,08

4, 720,733.11

CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTS SUSPENDED: By State Highway Department and War Production Board
100% Regular State Fund Contracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

48,510.44

ALLOTMENT BALANCES: (Schedule No. 8) Special Maintenance-Under Contract .............. .
Special Maintenance. . . . . . .......... . Refunding Certificate ... AE-SN Federal-Aid Surveys .. Urban Highway Surveys ... .
Highway Planning Survey .. .

135,692.06
307.943.44 100.00
88,679.14 175,000.00 445,023.40

1,152,438.04

Less; Federal Cash Participation (Schedule No.9).

708,702.54

443,735.50

APPROPRIATION BALANCES: For Matching Federal Aid
All Construction .. All Maintenance. All Administration ...
Equipment Purchases. Compensation Claims.

(Schedule No. 12)

209,371.78 164,333.83 95,853.16
11,340.53
198,766.77 3,820.83

683,486.90

RESERVES: Machinery Replacement Account. Emergency Fund ........... . Post-War Construction ..
Contingent Revenue. . .......... .

30,616.99 44,949.73
142,395.65 13,920,299.16

14,138,261.53

CAPITAL, LIABILITIES AND SURPLUS:
Refunding Certificate Due 1940 ......... . Surplus Invested in Plant and Equipment. Surplus Invested in Highways.

100.00 $ 2,730,560.72 330,186, 105.34 332,916,666.06 332,916,766.06

Total. ......................... .

$366,370,999.70

150 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA
RECONCILIATION oF FuND SuRPLUS
July 1, 1947 to June 30, 1948

Exh.ihit"B"

Surplus Reserves at July I, 1947.

3 ,345, 961.67

LOCAL SOURCES: State Treasury........ . Contingent Revenue. . .
Miscellaneous Income .. .

FUND REVENUE
$ 30,549,085.23 13,920,299.16 19,270.68 $ 44,488,655.07

FEDERAL CASH PARTICIPATION: Federal Aid-Regular .... Federal Aid-Secondary.... . . . Federal Aid-Grade Crossing ...
Nationll.l Forestry ...
Urban Highw'IY. . .. Works Program .... . Access Roads ..... . Strategic Network. Urban Highway Surveys ..
Post-War Surveys ...... Highway Planning Survey..

6, 130,632.60 4,993,079.29
787,666.26 76,549.00 195,850.00 150,190.18 Cr. 1,228.09 16,421.09
175,000.00 Cr. 358,779.71
516,479.72

12,681' 860.34

NON-CASH PARTICIPATION: Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Company.
Total Fund Revenue and Participation ...
Available for Appropriations and Reserves . .

1,220.00
57,171,735.41
s 60,517,697.08

FUND APPROPRIATIONS

CONSTRUCTION: State-Aid Contracts .... . Post Roads Contracts........... . Federal-Aid Contracts-Regular....... . Federal-Aid Contracts-Secondary ........ . Federal-Aid Contracts-Grade Crossings .. . Urban Highway Contracts.... . Works Program Contracts.. . Access Roads Contracts ..... . Unrecor&d Commitments..
Total Contract Appropriations ......... . Add: Construction by Convict Forces ..
Total Construction Appropriations to Date.

s 2,522,649.41

1,607,984.07

12,744,481.78

10,353,030.23

1,002,786.43

392,200.00

12,422.86

Cr.

993.79

4,720,733.11

s 33,355,294.10 93,415.12

s 33,448,709.22

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 151

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA

REcONCILIATION OF FuND SuRPLUS

July 1, 1947 to June 30, 1948

Exhibit "B" Continued

SURVEYS: Regular. Post Roads ........ . AE-SN Federal Aid .... .
Post-War . . . . . . . Urban Highway.

FUND APPROPRIATIONS (CONTINUED)

s 1,061.997,52

149,770.61

60,462.75

s Cr. 338,630.02 175,000.00

1,108,600.86

MAINTENANCE: Regular. Under Contract .. Special.. ...... Center Line ... Sign Maintenance . .. Sign Shop ... East Point Shop.. Douglas Shop.....

3,568, 746.48

596,191.07

1,241,227.41

285,311.53

Cr.

29.40

. 152,499.67

30,879.13

16,056.67

5,890,882.56

ADMINISTRATION: General Administration . ... Research and Analysis. . . . .
Highway Planning Survey .. Defense Traffic Survey ...

662,738.54 38,930.89 630,747.53
3,677.04

1,336,094.00

MISCELLANEOUS: Equipment Purch~es.
Compensation Claims .. .. . 2% Refunding Bonds .. . Loss on Bankrupt Bank ..

940,660.46 25,166.77 2,650,000.00
4,447.46

3,620,274.69

UNEXPENDED APPROPRIATION BALANCES: For Matching Federal Aid ... All Construction ..... . All Maintenance ... . All Administration .... .
Equipment Purchases .. .
Compensation Claims..

209,371.78 164,333.83 95,853.16
11,340.53
198,766.77 3,820.83

683,486.90

RESERVES: Doubtful Assets and Deferred Charges. Machinery Replacement Account. Emergency Fund ... Post-War Construction .. Contingent Revenue.
Deduct: Balance of Sign Shop Expenditures carried forward as Deferred Charges.. . . .. .. .. .. . . . .. . ..
Total Allotments and Reserves ..

344,739.72
30,616.99 44,949.73 142,395.65
13.920.299. 16

14,483,001.25 $ 60,571.049.48
53,352.40
s 60,517,697.08

152 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA
REVENUE RECEIPTs AND ExPENDITUREs
July 1, 1947 to June 30, 1948
Exhibit "C"

REVENUE RECEIPTS

CASH:
State Treasury................... .. Miscellaneous Income .............. .

s 30,815,730.91 s 19,270.68 30,835,001.59

FEDERAL GOVERNMENT:
Federal Aid-Regular ........ . Federal Aid-Secondary ......... . Federal Aid-Grade Crossings. Urban Highway ... . Works Program ... . Access Roads. . ..
Strategic Network ......... .
AE-SN Federal-Aid Surveys ........... . Highway Planning Survey .. .
Defense Traffic Survey. . . ..

3,964,563.51 2,362,312.36
647,273.02 176,265.00 56,873.80
2.972 62 9,587.28 31,362.32 130,597.49 6,369.15

7,388,176.55

Total Revenue Receipts

S 38,223,178.14

EXPENDITURES

CONSTRUCTION: State-Aid Contracts. .
Post Roads Contracts ......... . Federal-Aid Contracts-Regular ...
Federal-Aid Contracts-Secondary ..... . FederalAid Contracts-Grade Crossings. Urban Highway Contracts.
Works Program Contracts ..... . Access Road Contracts ....... . Flight Strip Contracts.

2,203,084.12 573,985.63
9,3.61,978.63
5, 742,819.70 861,953.63 368,826.23 37,457.41 4,882.87 178.50

Total Contract Expenditures ........ .

s 19,155,166.72

Add: Construction by Convict Forces ............. .

21,272.68

Total Construction Expenditures ............ .

s 19,176,439.40

SURVEYS:
Regular ............................... . Post Roads ......... . AE-SN Federal Aid ..... . Post-War........................................ .

747,905.92 138,334.30
91,779.70 20,167.29

Total Surveys.

998,187.21

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 153

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA

REVENUE RECEIPTS AND ExPENDITUREs
July 1, 1947 to June 30, 1948

Exhibit "C" Continued

EXPENDITURES (CONTINUED)

MAINTENANCE: Regular ........................ .
Under Contract .................................. . Special.. ..................................... . Center Line. . . ................ . Sign Shop ....... .
East Point Shop .. Douglas Shop .....

3,539,517.38 818,452.11
1,127,924.83 248,528.42 53,352.40 30,681.27 15,947.91

Deduct: Balance of Expenditures Sign Shop Undistributed at June 30, 1948, but carried forward as Deferred Charges ..

5,834,404.32 53,352.40

Total Maintenance .....

$ 5, 781,051.92

ADMINISTRATION: General Administration. Research and Analysis .................... . Highway Planning Survey ..
Defense Traffic Survey ....... .

660,763.77 38,065.39 259,356.69 10,046.19

Total Administration ..

968,232.04

MISCELLANEOUS: Equipment Purchases.
Compenaation Claims .............. . 2% Refunding Bonds ............... . Loss on Bankrupt Bank ..

1,229,472.05 25,166.77
2,650,000.00
4,447.46

Total Miscellaneous .............. .

$ 3,909,086.28

Total Expenditures ................ .

$ 30,832,996.85

RESUME
Total Receipts ................................... . Less: Total Expenditures........ . ............... .
Excess Receipts over Expenditures. . .. . Add: Proprietary Surplus at July 1, 1947.
Proprietary Surplus at June 30, 1948 ............ .

s 38,223,178.14 30.832.996.85
s 7,390,181.29 11,983,973.47
s 19,374,154.76

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA

SuMMARY OF CoNSTRUCTION
June 30, 1948

"Exhibit D"

I
EXPENDITURES

l
FUNDS PARTICIPATING

DESCRIPTION_;

Total Allotments

I EncumNbertances

Paymen'ts

I

Total Charges

Cost to Complete j.
'.

State Funds

Federal Funds
I

County and W.P.A. Funds
and Othn Non-C.,h

Other Funds

'

Total

Allotments

I

'
-----------

Open Projects .. ...

s I 60,958,858.73 $

s s s s s 18,497.03 36,857,054.17 36,875,551.20 24,083,307.53 33,582,009.18 ~ 27,355,628.85

1,220.00$

Closed Projects ..

: 293,329,151.17 ........

293,329,15l.l7 293,329,151.17 .

156,301,733.89 89,951,319.89 46,408,360.81

I

Totals . . . . . .

s $354,288,009.90

18,497.03 1330,186,205.34 l330,204. 702.37 $ 24,083,307.53

i Total Allotment Distribution ...........
Deduct: Construction Funds Received.

.. "

=--=== $189,883,743.07 $117,306,948.74 $ 46,409,580.81 $ 177,789,388.04 105,319,216.24 46,408,360.81

20,000.70I$ 60,958,858.7 3 667,736.5~, 293,329,15l.17
r 687,737.28jS354,288,009. 90
687,737.28 330,204,702.37

.l Total Construction Funda Due: State Funda .......

,,

Federal Funds, Cash. . .. . . . . I ..

County and W. P. A. Participation.

Other Participation. ..

....

I ..

"

s 12,094,355.03

I

..

"

s 11,987,732.50

..

= .. = =.. s

1,220.00

. .

===

..

$

0.00

Total Funds Due ...

i I .

..

"

... ..

.. . ...... $ 24,083,307.53
===



STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA
CoMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE REcEIPTS AND ExPENDITURES
For Ten-Year Period Ending June 30, 1948

REVENUE RECEIPTS

E<hibit "E"

1939

1940

I 1941

I

1942

1943

1944

I 1945

1946

1947

1948

-----------1------ ------------ ---------------------------------

STATE SoPRCES!

Motor Vehicle License Fees ..

$ 1,899,264.75$ 1,879,219.15 I 1,866,386.44; 1,899,147.11 i

$.

Motor Fael Taxes ........... .

12,934,185.25 13,907,328.95 12,844,090.83 15,553,793.07

Maintenance Tag Taxes . .

..

M.OO

Rolling Store Taxes. . ........ .

7,777.07

6,413.83

2,690.82

9,428.27

Sale of Refunding Bonds ..... . Appropriations. . . . . . . . . .. .

5,341,925.00 2, 719,138.50

i4,o68,185 5o i2;8o4;56255 i1;97i;296:9:i 22.139,235.95 2o.256,526 48 :io,815,7:io.9i

1--------------------------------1------

Total from State Sources .. .

i 14,841,227.07$ 21,134,886.93$ 17,432,306.59 ~ 17,462,436.35 s 14,068,185.50$ 12,804,562.55$ 11,971,296.93$ 22,139,235.95$ 20,256,526.48 s 30,815,730.91

REVENT'E FROM OTHER SOl'RCES:
U. S. Government, Cash .. . Counties ................ ..... .

s 5,118,142.98$3,906,438.32$3,968,126.55$2,468,051.20$4,425,503.60$4,428,027.16$2,226,818.94$2,705,588.54$ 6,642,819.41$ 7,388,176.55

. . . ........ Cr. 12,215.50

. .

8,961. 71

.

Railroads, Cities and Others .... .

..

. . Cr.

473.01

40,999.09 . .

13,500.00

12,037.48

27,936.22

39,338.20 ...

Miscellaneous Income. . . . . . . . Work Projects Administration. . . Counties, Non-Cash ...... . Cities, Non-Cash .. .. .

16,816.73 8,721 80
1,475,196 02

5,565.03 939,067 66 1,593,022 81

154,444.2f\ 7,943,546 25
563,720 72

92,708 43 2,976,336 86
720,031 68

137,050.541 263,330 63

1,356,660 75 1,033,917 04

524,168 43

352,072 96

552,746.45 188,132 74 55,200 16
12,291 24

32,401.99 42,020 79 29,310 40

58,07105 204 86

19,270 68

Total Revenue Rrcripts.

Arlministration .. . Construction . .. . Surveys . ... . Maintenance. . . . . . . . Compensation Claims. . . Highway Plannir1g Survey .... Lands, Buildings and Equipment. Redemption of Debt. . . . . . . . Legislative and Other Transfers ....
Total Expenditures.

EXPENDITURES

$ 541,184.67$ 516,537.86$ 641,976.57) 344,938.04$ 446,806.32$ 377,586.96$

15,313,972.60 15,125,550.07 25,843,834.03 17,431,836.23 12,156,409.41 7,904,986.85

418,504.97

447,236.38

355,002.12

236,936.01

109,593.63

109,364.33

1 1,562,283.72 1,675,271.11 2,069,597.05 1,908,317,21 1,930,890.27 3,188,841.06

...

. ..

...

..

363,968.62

196,063.61

120,959.08

72,454.28

51,958.04

67,058.02

190,694 63 2,718,070 1511,475,077 2~

5,019 49

6,148 071

36,895 Oi

2,671,490 93 2,662,546 47 2,046,536 70 2,691,189 62 2,666,790.93 2,666,790 93

100,277 12 2,346,075 12

154,467 67

304,459 96

20,100.031 .

432,451.24$ 4,446,878.72
297,883.76 5,152,912.87
45,453.70 68,931.26
155,722 48 2,665,291 OJ

516,022.41$ 706,239.81$ 698,829.16

6,053,516.25 18,778,646.48 19,176,439.40

645,285.44

668,273.61

998,187.21

7,129,1J5.05 5,716,352.14 5,781,051.92

24,337.27

20,447.50

25,166.77

181,368.17

246,679.65

269,402.88

514,795 59

512,199 27 1,229,472 05

2,651,500 00 2,650,000 00 2,650,000 00

41,770 51

4,447 46

s 21,162,377 26 s 25,687,350 77 s 33,307,450 51 $22,995,150 841s 17,388,696 70 i14.351,523 22 s 13,265,525 o4ls 17,757,710 69 i29."298,838 46 $3o,832,996 85

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA
CoMPARATIVE STATEMENT OF REVENUE RECEIPTS AND ExPENDITUREs
For Ten-Year Period Ending June 30, 1948

Exhibit "E" Continued

1939

1940

1941

1942

1943

1944

1945

1946

1947

1948

Excess Expenditures over Receipts ....

s.

. . . . . . . $.

........ s

s... 3,204,307.05

...........

$..

. ..... s...

... s.. . . . . . ..... $. ...... . ... s 2,301,878.46 $.

. ....

Excess Receipts over Expend;tures ........

297.727.34 1,878,941.47 ...

724,413.68 3,136,372.12 4,542,424. 60 1,777,859.35 7,190,846.98 .... ........... 7,390,181.29

Add: Cash, Inventories and Deferred

Charges at Beginning of Period ....

1,576,056.05 1,873, 783.39 3,752,724.86

548,417.81 1,272,831.49 4,359,543.07 8,674,302.64 8,002,469.42 14,743,403.70 12,174,879.56

s Balance: Cash, Inventm ies, and Deferred Charges at End of Period ............

Deduct: Fund Balances, Contracts. Re-

saetrvEensdaonfdPOeuritosdta.n.d.i.n.g.

Purchase .....

Orders

s 1,873,783.39 $ 3, 752,724.86 $ 548,417.81
5, 791,010.40 15,82l,000.49 14,040,139.92

1,272,831.49 $ 8, 775,155.57

4,409,203. 61 $ 8,150,608.86

s 8,901,967.67 $ 10,452,161.99 15,193,316.40 $ 12,441,525.24 $ 19,565,060.85
8,700,522 2> 10,219,401.90 15,193,316.40 12,441,525.24 19,565,060.85

Fund Deficit at End of Period ..... Fund Surplus at End of Period ...

... s 3,917,227.01
.... ......

s 12,067,275.63
...

$

1..3,491,722.11

$ 7,502,324.08

s 3,741,405.25
. . . . . . . . . . . .

$ 201,445.41

s..

232,760.09 ...

. . . . . . ...

...
.. ...

.....



I

. .... . . . . . . . . . .
.. .. ...........

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA
INVENTORY OF LANDS, BUILDINGS, AND EQUIPMENT
June 30, 1948

Schedule No. 6

DESCRIPTION

Appraised
Value June 30, 1947 --------

Additions
Fiscal Year 1947-1948

Lands ............

Buildings ............ .............

Passenger Equipment . .

Trucks ...........

Tractors ...........

Power Graders. Graders . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

. .

,
.

.. . .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

Other Road Equipment.

...........

Office Equipment ...... ............

Engineering Equipment

Laooratory Equipment. Shop Equopmeet .......



185,295.25 450,950.48
320,854.90 76,879.60 175,810.76 40,198.81 522,729.95 77,360.00 62,169.24
7,964.34 46,299.27

s..... 52,802.37 3,620.00 288,099.44 281,667.95
219,257.32 18,400.00
333,937.63 13,216.05 12,332.45 1,436.53
4, 702.31

Totls . . . . . . . . . .

1,966,512.60

1,229,472.05

Totals
185,295.25 503,752.85
3,620.00 608,954.34 358,547.55 395,068.08 58,598.81 856,667.58 90,576.05 74,501.69
9,400.87 51,001.58
3,195,984.65

Depreciation Fiscal Year 1947-1948

Equipment Junked

. $. . . . .

.... ..

. .

......

............ ......

.$.....................................

905.00 152,238.58 89,636.89

... .. ..

.1..,0.1.2...0.0.....

98,767.02 14,649.70

....................

85,666.75 9,057.60

. ... .. .. ... .........

7,450.16 940.08
5,100.15




$ 464,411.93

1,012.00

Appraised Value
June 30, 1948
185,295.25 503,752.85
2, 715.00 455,703.76 268,910.66 296,301.06 43,949.11 771,000.83 81,518.45 67.051.53
8,460. 79 45,901.43
2, 730,560.72

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA
SuMMARY oF UNENCUMBERED ALLOTMENTS
(Also Reflecting Reconciliation with Expenditures Since July 1, 1947) June 30, 1948

Schedule No. 8

FUNDS AVAILABLE

CHARGES

Available Balances

ANALYSIS OF BALANCES

Description of Funds

Balances

Net

Net

June 30, 1947 Allotments

Totals

Encumbrances

-----------------1----j---------

Expenditures

Totals

June 30, 1948

Other Participation

State Funds

CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTS: Regular State Funds ....... .

.. $ 2,159,765.91 $ 2,522,649.41 J 4,682,415.32 I I, !58 .42 $ 2,203,084.12 $ 2,204,242.54 $ 2 ,478, 172.78 $............. $ 2 ,478,172. 78

Post Roads .......... .

326,297.84 1,607,984.07 1,934.281,91

706.21 573,985.63 574,691.84 1,359,590.07.

1,359,590.07

Federal Aid-Regular ... .

7,770,313.09 12,744,481.78 20,514,794.87

1,359.22 9,361,978.63 9,363,337.85 11,151,457.02 6,501,290.66 4,650,166.36

Federal Aid-secondary ..... .

3,471,562.39 10,353,030.23 13,824,592.62

6,132.24 5,742,819.70 5,748,951.94 8,075,640.68 4,403,263.58 3,672,377.10

Federal Aid-Grade Crossings

737,501.10 1,002,786.43 1,740,287.53 Cr.

49.48 861,953.63 861,904.15 878,383.38 1,046,515.13 Cr. 168,131.75

Urban Highway . . . . . . . . . . . . . Works Program .

50,740.99

392,200.00 12,422.86

392,200.00 ..... .

63,163.85

164.49

368,826.23 37,457.41

368,826.23 37,621.90

23,373.77 25,541.95

19,585.00 5,364.82

3,788.77 20,177.13

Access Roads .

12,962.52 Cr.

993.79

11,968.73

4,882.87

4,882.87

7,085.86

8,698.40 Cr. 1,612.54

Flight Strips.............. .

6,122.21

6,122.21 ""

178.50

178.50

5,943.71

4,234.91

1,708.80

Total Contracts... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. . $14,535,266.05 $28,634,560.99 $43,169,827.04 $

Add: Construction by Convict Forces.. .. .. ..

99,390. 99

99,390. 99 ....

Add: Construction by State Forces.....

. :: Cr. 5,975.87 Cr. 5,975.87 Cr.

Total Construction ....... .

. $14' 535,266.05 $28,727' 976. 11 $43,263,242.16 s

9,471.10$19,155,166.72$19,164,637.82$24,005,189.22$11,988,952.50$12,016,236.72

21,272.68

21,272.68

78,118.31

78,118.31

5,975.87.

. .... Cr. 5,975.87

- - - - -------]------

3,495. 23 $19,176,439.40 $19' 179,934.63 $24,083,307.53 $11' 988,952.50 $12,094,355.03

ALLOTMENTS FOR GENERAL OPERATION:
Surveys-Regular ............. . Surveys-Post Roads ....... .
Surveys-AE-SN Federal Aid. SurveY..~Post-War ........... . Surveys-Urban Highway .... .
Maintenance-Regular ....... . Maintenance-Under Contract .. .
Maintenance-Special. ....... . Center Line .. ................ . Sign Maintenance . ...... . Sign Shop* ..... .
East Point Shop.
Douglas Shop .. Administration . ...... . Research and Analysis. Equipment Purchases ... Compensation Claims. . . . ......... . Refunding Certificate .... .
2% Refunding Bonds ... .
Loss on Bankrupt Bank. Highway Plannin~ Survey.
Defense Traffic Survey .. .

. $.

""". $ 1,061,997.52$ 1,061,997.52$ 314,091.60$ 747,905.92$ 1,061,997.52 $.

. ...... $.. .. ""' $...

149,770.61 149,770.61

11,436.31 138,334.30 149,770.61

120,041.46

60,462.75 180,504.21

4S,37

91,779.70

91,825.07

88,679.14

88,679.14 '"

358,779.71 Cr. 338,630.02

20,149.69 Cr.

17.60

20,167.29

20,149.69.

175,000.00 175,000.00

...................

175,000.00 175,000.00

3,568, 746.48 3,568, 746.48

29,229.10 3,539,517.38 3,568, 746.48 " " " " " " " " " " " "".

360,223.49 596,191.07 956,414.56

2,270.39 818,452.11 820,722.50 135,692 06 ....

135,692.06

314,692.82 1,241,227.41 1,555,920.23 120,051.96 1,127,924.83 1,247,976.79 307,943.44

307' 943.44

-::::::. Cr. 285,3~U~ Cr. 285,3i~ ~~Cr.

36,783.11 29.40

248,528.42 285,3!1.,';3 "

.. Cr.

29.40 .....

99,147.27

99,147.27

99,147.27

99,147.27

30,879.13

30,879.13

197.86

30,681.27

30,879.13 ..

16,056 67

16,056.67

108.76

15,947.91

16,056.67.

662,738.54 662,738.54

1,974.77 660,763.77 662,738.54.

38,930.89

38,930.89

865.50

38,065.39

38,930.89 ..........

940,660.46 940,660.46 Cr. 288,811.59 1,229,472.05 940,660.46."""""

100 00

25,166.77

25,166.77 ". 100.00 ...

.. ... 2~::~~ 77

25,166.77 ..... Joo:oo

ioo oo

z:65o:ooo oo 2,65o,ooo.oo ..

2,650,000.00 2,650,000.00 .....

.. .......... .

59,141.17

4,447.46 630,747.53

4,447.46 ............. . 689,888.70 Cr. 14,491.39

4,447.46 259,356.69

24u~uz " "445: o2:i: 4o . 445,023.40 . : : .

6.369.15

3,677 04

10,046.19 .........

10,046.19

10,046.19 "" """.

Totals .............. .

... $15,754,613.85$40,630,475.82$56,385,089.67$ 316,347.25 $30,832,996.85 $31' 149,344. \0 $25,235,745.57 $12' 697' 655.04 $12.538,090,53

'The Sign Shop Allotment and Expenditures mclude $22,026.26 brought forward at beginning of the period as Undistributed Charges and excludes $53,352.40 which represents Undistributed Charges at June 30, 1948.

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 159

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA DETAIL OF EQUIPMENT ALLOTMENTS July 1, 1947 to June 30, 1948
Schedule No. 8-C

ACCOUNTS

Allotments

Net

Total

for Year Encumbrances Expenditures

Charges

1----1----

Administration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ................ S Highway Planning Survey ... . Construction . ............... .
Maintenance... . .
Glennville Shop Building ............... .

s s 23,737.76

9,221.92$ 14,515.84

7,501.98

4,018.49

3,483.49

19,949.60

9,394.35

10,555.25

831,231.16 Cr. 317,243.49 1,148,474.65

58,239.96

5,797.14

52,442.82

23,737.76 7,501.98 19,949.60 831,231.16 58,239.96

Totals.................................... $ 940,660.46 $Cr.288,811.59 $ 1,229,472.05 $ 940,660.46
I======= I====== I======= I======

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA ANALYSis oF EQUIPMENT PuRCHASES

July 1, 1947 to June 30, 1948

Schedule No. 10-D

TYPE OF EQUIPMENT

Cost

Buildings ............ . Passenger Equipment. Trucks .... .. Tractors ...... . Power Graders. Graders ............................ . Other Road Equipment ... . Office Equipment ... Engineering Equipment. . . . . . . .......... . Laboratory Equipment ...... . Shop Equipment ..
Total. ....

$

52,802.37
3,620.00 288,099.44 281,667.95
219,257.32 18,400.00
333,937.63 13,216.05
12,332.45 1,436.53 4,702.31

. . $ 1,229,472.05

160 Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA

SuMMARY OF ExPENDITURES BY CoNGRESSIONAL DISTRICTs

July 1, 1947 to June 30, 1948

Schedule No. 8-F

_l~~tru~~n___I _i__~_in_te_n__cc__' ____])_Jt)'J'_R_!_8_T______

___S_'ur_vey_s __

Total Expenditures

First ... Second. Third .. Fourth ... Fifth ... Sixth ... Seventh. Eighth Ninth .... . Tenth ..... .

1,435, 706.26 2,185,928.03
3, 714,466.14 1,424,548.45
18,873.39
258,802.05 4,220,125.41 2,911,220.37 I, 167,205.22
1,839,564.08

Totals .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 19,176,439.40 $

Total Expenditures by Congressional Districts.

162,077.38 57,317.44 64,391.26 186,136.53 6,201.11 87,232.90 157,266.39 107,429.85 82,923.15 87,211.20
998,187.21

770,201.24 598,650.95 677,329.12 440,793.77 245,866.24 439,323.66 342,724.25 I ,289, 874.69 572,998.25 403,289.75
5, 781,051.92

2' 367' 984. 88 2, 841' 896.42 4,456,186.52 2,051,478. 75
270,940.74 785,358.61 4, 720,116.05 4,308,524. 91
1,823,126.62 2,330,065.03

-----~--'-------------- - - - - - -

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 161

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA

ESTIMATED pART! CIPATION
June 30, 1948

Schedule No. 9

Description of Funds

Balances June 30,
1947

Additions Since
July 1, 1947

Earned
Since July 1, 1947

Balances To Be
Earned

s s FEDERAL CASH PARTICIPATION:

Federal Aid-Regular .......

. $ 4,061,178.35

6,130,632.60

3,964,563.51 $ 6,227,247.44

Federal Aid-Secondary ....

1, 772,496.65 4,993,079.29 2,362,312.36 4,403,263 58

Federal Aid-Grade Crossings ....

682.388.39

787.666.26

647,273.02

822,781.63

Urban Highway ........

195,850.00

176,265.00

19,585.00

National Forestry ......

76,549.00.

76,549.00

National Recovery . ...

68,177.72

68,177.72

Works Program .. ...

208,213.36 i5o,190.18

s6:s73:So

301,529.74

Access Roads . ...... Flight Strip .......... Strategic Network .........

12,899.11 Cr.
4,234.91 ...
48,831.27

1,228.09 16,421.09

2, 972.62 . . 9;587:28

8,698.40 4,234.91 55,665.08

AE-SN Federal-Aid Surveys

120,041.46 ....

31,362.32

88,679.14

Post-War Surveys ......

358,779.71 Cr. 358,779.71

Urban Highway Surveys ...

175,000.00.

i7s:ooo:oo

Highway Planning Survey.

59,141.17

516,479.72

130,597.49

445,023.40

Defense Traffic Survey.

6,369.15 .

6,369.15 .

Totals ..... .

- - - - - - - - - - - - - ~----~

-~-----

s . $ 7,402,751.25 12,681,860.34$ 7,388,176.55

Total Federal Cash Participation Unearned June 30, 1948 (Exhibit "A").

.. . $ 12,696,435 04

NON-CASH PARTICIPATION: Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Company on Federal Aid-Regular.

.. $

1,220.00 ...

1,220 00

Total Participation All Sourcf's June 30, 19!8 (Exhib't "A").

.. ....... $ 12,697,655.0j

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA
SuMMARY OF ExPENDITURES BY OBJECT CLASSIFICATION
July 1, 1947 to June 30, 1948

Schedule No. I 0

Objert of Expenditures

Administration

Construction and Surveyl'l

Maintenance --------

Equipment

Redemption

Compensation

- -o-f D-ebt- -

Claims

Highway Planning Survey

Total Expenditures

Personal Services . ....... . Equipment Expenses. . .. Equipment Purchases ..... . Communication Services. . . . . . . Heat, Light. Power and Water ... Rents ............ . Traveling Expenses ..... Supplies and Materials . . Insurance ......... . Printing and Binding. . ........... . Indemnity Claims ..... Compensation Claims . . Payments to Contractors . .......... . Special and Miscellaneous Expenses. Loss on Bankrupt Bank.
Total Administration (Exhibit "C").

512,789.43 $ 1,428,643. 74

$2,802,208.40

17,233.99

$

189,455.67

4. 950,331.23

21,024.41

86,197.28

931,804.79

4,417.53

1,043,444.01

1.2ii:s:is oil

1,211,838.06

22;i:i7:4:i

4,565.49

i8;i:ii :5i

206.62

45,041.05

11,384.36

162.76

7,055.65

373. 64

18,976.41

10,761.50

3,164.78

33,817.30

8,122.30

55,865.88

51,139.71

229,684.88

104,732.03

400.00

18,803.29

404,759.91

19,046.43

68,220.20

1,019,479. 79

3,006.81

1,109, 753.23

137.15

2.00

2,452.69

Cr.

197,83

2,394.01

10,065.18

123.45

563.29

2,366.12

13,118.04

37.183.20

37,183.20

25,166.77

25,166.77

17,7:i9;o:i4:97

856:224 :is

18,595,259.35

3,160:36

614,827.06

4,582.09

2,65o:ooo:oo

42,848.73

3,315,418.24

4,447.46

4,447.46

-------------------- ------------ -------1-------1------

s 703,276.62

Total Construction (Exhibit "C").

$20,174,626.61

Total Maintenance (Exhibit "C").

$5,781.051 92

Equipment Purchases (Exhibit "C") .

$1,229,472.05

Redemption of Debt ~Exhibit "C") .

$2,650,000.00

Compensation Claims (Exhibit "C"l ..

25,166.77

Highway Planning Survey (Exhibit "C"). Total Expenditures ..... .

$ 269,402.88

s 30,832,996.85

Twenty-Second Report, State Highway Department of Georgia 163

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA

ANALYSIS oF PAYMENTS OF REFUNDING BoNDs

July 1, 1947 to June 30, 1948

Schedule No. 10-E

DESCRIPTION
Refunding Certificate due March 25, 1940... . ......... . 2% Refunding Bonds Due March 15, 1948 ...
Less: Certificate not presented for Payment.
Total Payments on Refunding Bonds ..

100.00 2,650,000.00

2,650,100.00 100.00
2,650,000.00

STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT OF GEORGIA

APPROPRIATION BALANCES

June 30, 1948

Schedule No. 12

CONSTRUCTION: For Matching Federal Aid-1945 Program. For Matching Federal Aid-1947 Program.
Reg;ular Construction Surveys .. Convicts.
MAINTENANCE: Heavy Maintenance . .. Regular Maintenance. Center Line . ..... .
ADMINISTRATION ........................ .
EQUIPMENT PURCHASES.
COMPENSATION CLAIMS ..
Total Appropriation Balances June 30, 1948 (Exhibit "A") ..................... .

36,507.25 172,864.53
39,586.27 113.722.83 11,024.73
77,270.89 12,088.97 6,493.30

209,371.78
164,333.83
95.853.16 11,340.53 198,766.77 3,820.83

683,486.90

WI:...LIAMS PTG CO-ATLANTA