Manual of the General Assembly of the state of Georgia, 1978

Received
fVl5 1978
nfCUMEMTs Uw ueRARies
MANUAL
of the
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
of
The State of Georgia Revised
February 1978
Compiled by
BEN W FORTSON JR
Secretary of State

m
STATE OFFICERS
EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT State Capitol Room 203 George Busbee Governor Norman Underwood Executive Secretary Tom Perdue Administrative Assistant to the Governor Charles E Tidwell Executive Counsel to the Governor Julie M Clifford Assistant Executive Counsel to the Governor
Emmett Meeks Fiscal Officer Duane S Riner News Secretary Mrs Doris Alford Personal Secretary
LIEUTENANTGOVERNOR State Capitol Room 418 Zell Miller LieutenantGovernor Bill Burson Administrative Assistant Marti Pingree Personal Secretary Jack Swift Press Secretary
SECRETARY OF STATE State Capitol Room 214
Ben W Fortson Jr Secretary of State
Mrs Ann L Adamson Assistant Secretary of State
COMPTROLLERGENERAL State Capitol Room 238 Johnnie L Caldwell ComptrollerGeneral Jennings B Garbade Deputy ComptrollerGeneral Chief Deputy Insurance Commissioner John R Gore Jr State Fire Marshal James E Young Deputy Industrial Loan Commissioner
LAW DEPARTMENT Judicial Building Room 132 Arthur K Bolton Attorney General Robert S Stubbs II Executive Assistant Attorney General Robert H Shell Assistant Attorney General Office Manager Eddie Moore Administrative Assistant
First Assistant Attorneys General
Richard L Chambers Don A Langham
Senior Assistant Attorneys General
Robert S Bomar Marion 0 Gordon
Michael J Bowers H Perry Michael
J Robert Coleman John C Walden
Alfred L Evans Jr
Assistant Attorneys General
Sarah H Adams Kirby G Atkinson Victor M Baird John B Ballard Jr Patricia T Barmeyer Susan V Boleyn Gerald W Bowling Isaac Byrd Carol Atha Cosgrove Jefferson J Davis John W Dunsmore Jr
J David Dyson Bruce M Edenfield Andrew J Ekonomou Daniel M Formby Melvin M Goldstein Thomas W Greene
Staff Assistant Attorneys Linda Ruth Birrel Frances Ann Estes William B Hill John C Jones
E Lynne Pou
Attorneys
Brenda S Cole
Investigator
William R Woodall
Legal Assistants
Marcia M Chastain Fran J Clark
B Dean Grindle Jr John E Hart Michael E Hobbs Dallas P Jankowski Carl C Jones III William C Joy Harrison W Kohler R Douglas Lackey James L Mackay Jr Roland F Matson Donn L Odom
G Stephen Parker James C Pratt David A Runnion Verley J Spivey Wayne P Yancey
General
Daryl A Robinson Michael P Sarrey Russell N Sewell Jr
L Joseph Shaheen Jr George P Shingler
Michael F Swick
J Ervin Gardner
EDUCATION State Department of Old State Office Bldg Room 242
Dr Charles McDaniel State Superintendent of Schools
Dr Joe Edwards Deputy State Superintendent of Schools
Dr H Titus Singletary Jr Associate State Superintendent of Schools Instructional Services
C Associate State Superintendent of
Schools School Administrative Services
K Adams Assistant State Superintendent of Schools Staff Services
Dr Joseph G Freund Associate State Superintendent of schools Vocational Education
Mr Peyton Williams Jr Assistant State Superintendent of schools Special Activities
AGRICULTURE State Department of Agriculture Bldg
Thomas T Irvin Commissioner Room 204 Mrs Rita B Nix Confidential Secretary Room 204 cm wT Grow Appointment Secretary Room 204 iitt Ward Asst Commissioner Administration Room 209 Dr John A Cobb Assistant Commr Animal Industry Room 106
Deborah Pullin Assistant Commr Consumer Protection Room 300B
Emory L Brinson Assistant Commissioner Marketina Room 324
Dr John A Kimsey State Veterinarian Room 103 Harry S Johnson Jr State Chemist Room 610 Carl M Scott Jr State Entomologist Room 304
rrJWTD State 0il Chemist Fuel Oil Inspection
Unit Kennedy Rd Forest Park 30050 George Seaton Assistant Commissioner Field Inspection b orcesConsumer Room 306
M J Lane Assistant Commissioner Field Inspection b orcesGeneral Room 109 O D Mullinax Assistant Commissioner Fuel and Measures Room 327
ERoom jnstead Assistant Commissioner Plant Industry
5
LABOR State Department of Labor Bldg Room 288
Sam Caldwell Commissioner
W 0 Brooks Director Employment Security Agency
PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION New State Office Bldg Room 162 Ben T Wiggins Chairman William H Kimbrough Vice Chairman Mac Barber Commissioner Robert C Bobby Pafford Commissioner Ford B Spinks Commissioner Matt L McWhorter Commissioner Emeritus Allen Chappell Commissioner Emeritus Hugh S Jordan Executive Secretary and Chief Administrative Officer
James J Crudup Director Utilities Engineering Ralph S McLemore Jr Director Utilities Financial Analysis
L Thomas Doyal Director Motor Carrier Certification and Enforcement
Horace F Hartley Director Transportation Rate and Services
J R Price Hearing Reporter
ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES Department of 116 Mitchell Street Room 400 G N Manley Commissioner of Administrative Services Jim Roberts and G Hogan Deputy Commissioners of Administrative Services
Richard Millsaps Director Internal Administration
Wesley Johnson Director Personnel
G Hogan Director Fiscal Services Division
Ben Jones Financial Management Section
Charles Duncan Insurance Section
Larry Clark Director General Services Division
W W Avera Motor Vehicle Services
John Sanderson Motor Pool
Steve Patrick Printing Services
Jim Roberts Director Purchasing Supplies Div
Harry Curtis Assistant Director Purchasing Supplies David Jean Project Manager
A1 Fahlstrom Walt Dees David Bennett Bob Sharpless Section Supervisors
6
Bob Allen Director Information Computer Services Div
Richard Weiskittel Administration Dave Proctor Internal Operations Howard Hughes Systems and Programming Virgil Baker Technical Support Pat Harmon Operations
George Christenberry Office of Telecommunications
Martha Hazleton Director Office of Volunteer Services
Carl Farris Director Property and Space Management
Lee Marshall State Owned Property
Elliott Penso Leased Property
Wally Sundberg Space Utilization
Gary Monroe Personal Property Management Section
ARCHIVES AND HISTORY Department of Division of Secretary of State
330 Capitol Ave S E
Miss Carroll Hart Director
AUDITS State Department of State Capitol Room 115
William M Nixon State Auditor
BANKING FINANCE Department of
148 International Blvd NE Suite 640 Atlanta Edward D Dunn Commissioner Robert M Moler Deputy Commissioner E G Martin Deputy Commissioner Thrift Institutions Charles W Borge Director Thrift Institutions Reece V Morris Administrative Director
BUDGET BUREAUSee Planning and Budget Office of
BUILDING AUTHORITY Georgia 7th Fir State Health Bldg
Steve Polk Director of Administration Luther Lewis Administrative Officer
DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY AFFAIRS 7 Martin Luther King Jr Drive SW
Room 640
Henry M Huckaby Commissioner
Mike McGuinn Deputy Commissioner
Edwin C Adams Director Area Development Division
Walter Brown Director Local Development Division
7
CRIME COMMISSION OFFICE State 3400 Peachtree Road NE Atlanta Jim Higdon Administrator
Maynard Graff Director of Internal Operations
DEFENSE Department of P 0 Box 17965 Atlanta Ga 30316
Major General Billy M Jones The Adjutant General Director State Civil Defense
MILITARY DIVISION
Brigadier General John W Gillette Asst Adjutant General For Army
Brigadier General Joseph M Cheshire Asst Adjutant General for Air Civil Defense Division
Mr Billy J Clack Deputy Director
DRUGS AND NARCOTICS AGENCY Agriculture Bldg Room 212 Capitol Square
N W Chism Director
EXAMINING BOARDS STATE Division of Secretary of State
166 Pryor Street SW
James E Skrine Joint Secretary
Mrs Shirley Cowart Deputy Joint Secretary
FORESTRY COMMISSION State Central Office P O Box 819 Macon 31202
A Ray Shirley Director and Executive Secretary William C Harper Assistant to the Director J C Turner Jr Chief of Forest Protection Druid N Preston Chief of Forest Management A1 Smith Chief of Forest Administration Frank Craven Chief of Forest Education James C Wynens Chief of Reforestation Atlanta Office 7 Martin Luther King Jr Drive SW Room 550
Julian D Reeves Personnel Officer
GENERAL ASSEMBLY Fiscal Affairs SubCommittees 3rd Floor State Capitol Zell Miller President of the Senate Thomas B Murphy Speaker House of Representatives
Governors Appointees Senators
Terrell Starr Beverly Langford Pierre Howard Hugh Carter
A W Al Holloway
Representativ es Tom Buck III Bobby Hill Nathan Knight Larry Walker Joe Wood
Senate Appointees
W W Fincher Jr
John R Riley Paul C Broun Sam W Doss Jr
Representative Appointees Clarence R Vaughn Jr Marcus Collins Joe Frank Harris William J Bill Lee
HIGHWAY SAFETY Office of
G0Son plilrveSoAighway Safety Representative Mrs Lib Greene Umhau Ga Delegate to Nat
Assn of Women Leaders for Highway Safety
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES GEORGIA 3rd Floor State Capitol
Thomas B Murphy Speaker
Mrs Shirley D Spence Executive Secretary
Glenn W Ellard Clerk House of Representatives
HUMAN RESOURCES Department of 47 Trinity Avenue SW
W Douglas Skelton MD Commissioner Aridv H Carden Deputy Commissioner WillLm S Allerton MD Director Division of Mental Health and Mental Retardation
9
James Alley MD Director Division of Physical Health John Hunsucker Director Division of Youth Services 618 Ponce de Leon 7
Leon Meenach Acting Director Division of Vocational Rehabilitation
Patricia Johnson Director Division of Family and Children Services
INDUSTRY AND TRADE Department of 1400 North Omni International Atlanta W Milton Folds Commissioner James 0 Bohanan Deputy Commissioner Ronald D Robinson Assistant Deputy Commissioner William C Hawthorne Director of Finance and A dministration
Van S Gaines Personnel Officer
Hubert W Wiley Director Industry Division James A Steed Assistant Director Industry Division John D Welsh Director International Division George A Dubue Assistant Director International
Edwin D Spivia Director TouristCommunications
Warren B Young Assistant Director Tourist Communications Division Hanna M Ledford Assistant Director Tourist Communications Division
F Douglas Weaver Assistant Director Tourist Communications Division Gary B Womack Assistant Director
TouristCommunications Division
George D Rogers Director Operations Research Division Ralph M Dobbs Assistant Director Operations Research
LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL Office of State Capitol Room 316
Frank H Edwards Legislative Counsel
LEGISLATIVE SERVICES COMMITTEE State Capitol Room 316
Thomas B Murphy Speaker House of Representatives C h XXtfiYXYh
Hamilton McWhorter Jr Secretary of Senate Secretary
10
Zell Miller President of the Senate Glenn W Ellard Clerk House of Representatives Senate Members
Paul Broun Jimmy Lester Howard T Overby House Members
Joe Frank Harris Wayne Snow Jr
Marcus Collins
Legislative Counsel Room 316 Frank H Edwards Legislative Fiscal Officer Rm 434 Cary Bond
Legislative Budget Analyst Rm 142 Pete Hackney
STATE LIBRARY Judicial Building Room 301 Donn L Odom State Librarian Carroll T Parker Assistant Librarian
MEDICAL ASSISTANCE DEPARTMENT OF 1010 W Peachtree St NW Atlanta David B Poythress Commissioner
MERIT SYSTEM OF PERSONNEL ADMINISTRATION State
New State Office Bldg Room 568 Charles E Storm Commissioner Franklin Thomas Deputy Commissioner Jerry Saylor Division Director Classification and Compensation
Jim Hughes Division Director Applicant Services Grady Huddleston Division Director Training and Staff Development
Walt Withers Division Director Employees Health Insurance
Carson Melvin Division Director Employees Services Mrs B J Bennett Division Director Administrative and Staff Services
Reese Theus Executive to the State Personnel Board
11
I
MUSEUM of Science and Industry Georgia Division of Secretary of State
State Capitol 4th Floor Charlie E Fleming CuratorDirector
NATIONAL BICENTENNIAL CELEBRATION
Georgia Commission for the Division of Secretary of State 1776 Peachtree Street NW
Suite 526 South Wing Atlanta Georgia 30306
Secretary of State Chairman
A K Johnson Jr Executive Director
NATURAL RESOURCES Department of 270 Washington St S W
Joe D Tanner Commissioner of Natural Resources Holly Miller Executive Assistant Administration Pete McDuffie Executive AssistantPublic Affairs James B Talley Executive Assistant Legal Henry D Struble Director Parks and Historic Sites Division
J Leonard Ledbetter Director Environmental Protection Div
Jack Crockford Director Game Fish Div
Sam Pickering Director Geologic and Water Resources James H Pittman Director Office of Administrative Services
David M Sherman Director Office of Planning Research
David Cranshaw Director Office of Information and Education
OFFENDER REHABILITATION Department of 800 Peachtree Street N E
David C Evans Commissioner William H Lowe Deputy Commissioner Offender Administration
Ronald L Powell PhD Deputy Commissioner
General Services Administration Richard E Longfellow PhD Deputy Commissioner Community Based Services E B Caldwell Deputy Commissioner Institutional Operations
12
Dr Albert Duncan Director Rehabilitation Services
C S Berrier Executive Assistant Administrative Office of the Commissioner Sara Passmore Public Information Officer
PARDONS AND PAROLES State Board of 800 Peachtree Street N E Room 610 William Mobley Howell Member J O Partain Jr Member Mrs Mamie Reese Member Jaimes T Morris Chairman Floyd E Busbee Sr Member
PERSONNEL BOARD State New State Office Bldg Room 572 Leonard Morris Chairman Isabel Gates Webster Vice Chairman Susan A Cahoon Member
B L Kelehear Member Frank O Downing Member
OFFICE OF PLANNING BUDGET 6th Floor TrinityWashington Bldg
270 Washington Street S W
Clark T Stevens Director Office of Planning Budget
PORTS AUTHORITY GEORGIA P O Box 2406 Savannah 31402 1900 The Exchange Suite 240 Atlanta 30339 Robert D Miles Chairman L P Greer Jr Vice Chairman Don A Grantham SecretaryTreasurer
Members
Winston B Brock Jack P Turner Jr
H Baxter Harcourt P E Clifton Sr
George J Nichols Executive Director P O Box 2406 Savannah 31402 George H Chamlee Attorney P O Box 9523 Savannah 31402
13
REGENTS Board of University System of Georgia
Officers ait
244 Washington Street S W Room 468 Charles T Oxford Chairman Milton Jones ViceChairman George L Simpson Jr Chancellor John W Hooper Vice Chancellor Henry G Neal Executive Secretary Shealy E McCoy ViceChancellor Fiscal Affairs Tvcclstakot
W Coye Williams Jr Vice ChancellorAcademic
Development a J
Frank C Dunham Vice ChancellorConstruction Physical
Plant
Mario J Goglia Vice ChancellorResearch Howard Jordan Jr Vice ChancellorServices Harry B ORear Vice ChancellorHealth Affairs James L Garmon Assistant Vice ChancellorComputing Systems
Haskin R Pounds Assistant Vice Chancellor
Mary Ann Hickman Assistant Vice ChancellorPersonnel
Robert M Joiner Assistant Vice ChancellorCommunications
REVENUE State Department of 270 Washington St SW Room 410 W E Bill Strickland Commissioner Thomas J Harrold Jr Deputy Revenue Commissioner Bill Strickland Controller Robert J Lenihan Jr Executive Assistant Robert M Kane Director Alcohol Tobacco Tax Legal Services Division Edwin R Vaughn Director Alcohol Tobacco
Tcloc TJyvti
Jerry Wynn Director Legal Services Unit of Alcohol Tobacco Tax Division
Harold Dixon Director Central Audit Division Randy Jones Director Field Services Division John W Bearden Director Income Tax Division Neal Dettmering Director Motor Vehicle Division Curtis B Modling Director Motor Fuel Tax Division Pheron 0 Turner Director Motor Vehicle Reciprocity
Division
Bob Wilkes Personnel Administrator
14
Jack Morton Director Property Tax and Intangibles Tax Division
Tom I Sangster Director Tax Equalization and Local Services
Chandler Hewell Director Sales and Use Tax Division
SAFETY Department of Public 959 E Confederate Ave SE PO Box 1456
Atlanta Ga 30301
Col J Herman Cofer Commissioner Lt Col Porter Weaver Deputy Commissioner State Patrol
Major Hugh Hardison Commanding Officer
SENATE Georgia State 3rd Floor State Capitol Zell Miller President
Hamilton McWhorter Jr Secretary of the Senate
STATE SCHOLARSHIP COMMISSION Ga Higher Education Assistance Authority Ga Higher Education Assistance Corp
9 LaVista Perimeter Park Suite 110
2187 North Lake Parkway Tucker 30084 Donald E Payton Executive Director Robert G McCants Director Student Services Ralph D Roberts Dir of Fiscal Affairs Guaranteed Loans William H Simmons Dir Collections Claims Prevention Douglas A Webb Dir of Systems Operations David J Tucker Information Specialist
TEACHERS RETIREMENT SYSTEM OF GEORGIA Two Northside 75 Suite 400 Atlanta Wesley H Rucker Executive SecyTreasurer Gerald S Gilbert Deputy Executive SecyTreasurer Robert J Williams Director Fiscal and Membership Div
Dianne J Patron Manager Retirements Refunds Division
Philip Rogers Manager Counseling Information Division
TRANSPORTATION Department of 2 Capitol Square Atlanta
Thomas D Moreland Commissioner and State Highway Engineer 15
Emory C Parrish Deputy Commissioner Hal Rives Assistant State Highway Engineer Dan Kelly Secretary Treasurer VETERANS SERVICE State Department of Veterans Building State Capitol Atlanta Peter Wheeler Director Bruce Diggs Assistant Director
Henry G Chapman Assistant Director Administration Edward N Bailey Supervisor Claims Division Arthur T Orvold Supervisor Education Division
WORKMENS COMPENSATION State Board of Labor Bldg Room 476
E Earl Mallard Chairman Don L Knowles Director James W Paris Director James C Pullin SecretaryTreasurer John A Smith Jr Executive Assistant Charles C Booker Chief Administrative Law Judge Burton M Wamble Director of Administration Charles E Wallace Director of Rehabilitation Herman F Waits Director of Compliance W E Buckner Director Emeritus Administrative Law Judges H Grady Almand Jr Decatur Eugene H Gadsden Savannah Thad Gibson Albany Herbert T Greenholtz Jr Calhoun Harold Irvin Decatur Barbara LeBey Atlanta
E Neal Little Decatur John A Sligh Jr Decatur David C Stripling Atlanta Joseph Stargel Gainesville Effie Mahan Macon Julian B Willingham Augusta
UNITED STATES SENATORS Herman Eugene Talmadge Lovejoy Georgia
109 Russell Senate Off Bldg
Washington DC 20510
Sam Nunn Perry Georgia
110 Russell Senate Off Bldg
Washington DC 20510
16
UNITED STATES CONGRESSMEN
District
1 Bo Ginn Millen
508 Cannon House Office Bldg Washington 20515
2 Dawson Mathis Albany
2331 Rayburn House Office Bldg Washington 20515
3 Jack Brinkley Columbus
2412 Rayburn House Office Bldg Washington 20515
4 Elliott H Levitas Atlanta
329 Cannon House Office Bldg Washington 20515
5 Wyche Fowler
1317 Longworth House Office Bldg Washington 20515
6 John J Flynt Jr Griffin
2110 Rayburn House Office Bldg Washington 20515
7 Larry McDonald Marietta
504 Cannon House Office Bldg Washington 20515
8 Billy Lee Evans Macon
506 Cannon House Office Bldg Washington 20515
9 Ed Jenkins Jasper
501 Cannon House Office Bldg Washington 20515
10 Doug Barnard Augusta
418 Cannon House Office Bldg Washington 20515
Justices
H E Nichols Chief Justice Hiram K Undercofler Presiding Justice Justices Robert H Jordan Robert H Hall Harold N Hill Jr
SUPREME COURT OF GEORGIA 5th Floor Judicial Building
Law Assistants Ben G Estes
Sherie Welch
Jesse G Bowles Thomas O Marshall
Law Assistants
Maud Saunders Rosemary Kittrell Stephanie Manis
Anne Emanuel Eleanor D Henderson Barry S Mittenthal Charles N Hooper Mrs Joline Bateman Williams Clerk Mrs Eva F Townsend Deputy Clerk Mrs Hazel E Hallford Deputy Clerk Wiley H Davis Reporter Guy M Massey Assistant Reporter 17
COURT OF APPEALS OF GEORGIA Judicial Building 4th Floor
Judges Law Assistants
John Sammons Bell Richard L Rice
Chief Judge
Braswell D Deen Jr Miss Alfredda Scobey
Presiding Judge
J Kelley Quillian Judge T Mil Clyburn
Julian Webb Judge Julian H Stewart
William LeRoy McMurray Jr Judge Robert H Brinson Jr
George T Smith JudgeWilliam H Smith
Arnold Shulman Judge ii Ronald F Johnson Harold R Banke Judge t liJames Morawetz
Andrew W Birdsong JudgeKenneth A Howard
Morgan Thomas Clerk
Miss Edna E Bennett Deputy Clerk
Abda J Conyers Special Deputy Clerk
Wiley H Davis Reporter
Guy M Massey Assistant Reporter
SUPERIOR COURTS JUDGES DISTRICT ATTORNEYS
ALAPAHA JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
H W Lott Chief Judge1Lenox
W D Jack Knight Judge Nashville
Vickers Neugent District AttorneyAustin Street Pearson
ALCOVY JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
Thomas W Ridgway Judge PO Box 166 Monroe
J W Jim Morgan District Attorney Covington
ATLANTA JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
Sam P McKenzie Chief JudgeAtlanta
Claude D Shaw JudgeAtlanta
Luther Alverson JudgeAtlanta
Charles A Wofford JudgeAtlanta
Lloyd Elmo Holt JudgeAtlanta
Osgood 0 Williams JudgeAtlanta
G Ernest Tidwell JudgeAtlanta
John S Langford JudgeAtlanta
Joel J Fryer Judge Atlanta
18
Charles L Weltner Judge d
Horace T Ward Judge l
Lewis R Slaton District Attorney
Atlanta
Atlanta
Atlanta
ATLANTIC JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
John R Harvey Chief Judge
James E Findley Judge
DuPont K Cheney District Attorney
PO Box 1018 Pembroke PO Box 910 Reidsville PO Box 653 Hinesville
AUGUSTA JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
John F Hardin Chief Judge
William M Fleming Jr Judge
Edwin D Fulcher Judge
Franklin H Pierce Judge
Richard E Allen District Attorney
Augusta
Augusta
Augusta
Augusta
Augusta
BLUE RIDGE JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
Richard B Neville Jr Judge
Marion T Pope Jr Chief Judge
Frank C Mills III District Attorney
Cumming
PO Box 589 Canton diCanton
BRUNSWICK JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
Gordon Knox Jr Chief Judge Mm
William R Killian Judge
Glenn Thomas Jr District Attorney
Hazlehurst
Z11B r unswick
PO Box 416 Jesup
CHATTAHOOCHEE JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
J Alvan Davis Presiding JudgePO Box 1340 Columbus
John H Land Judge RFD Whitesville Road Columbus
Oscar D Smith Jr JudgeggjCo umbus
E Mullins Whisnant Judge Wgj
William J Smith District Attorney mommDus
CHEROKEE JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
Jere F White Judge
Charles Crawford District Attorney ss
Cartersville
Cartersville
CLAYTON JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
Marvin A Miller Chief Judged Courthouse
William H Ison Judge du
Joe C Crumbley Judge
Robert E Keller District Attorney
Jonesboro
Jonesboro
Jonesboro
Jonesboro
19
COBB JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
Howell Cobb Ravan Chief Judge
Luther C Haines Jr Judge
James L Bullard Judger7
Tom Charron District Attorney l
Marietta
Marietta
Marietta
Marietta
CONASAUGA JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
Robert Vining Jr Chief Judge
Coy H Temples Judge
Charles A Pannell Jr District Attorney
CORDELE JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
Hardy Gregory Jr Judgel
D E Turk District Attorney
Dalton
Dalton
Chatsworth
Cordele
Abbeville
COWETA JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
Lamar Knight Chief Judge PO Box 315 Carrollton
Joseph C Jackson Judger v
William F Lee Jr District AttorneyiJNewnan
DOUGHERTY JUDICIAL CIRCUIT Asa D Kelley Jr Chief JudgeJiMCowthovse Albany
Leonard Farkas Judge Alhanv
William S Billy Lee District Attorney Aioany
DUBLIN JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
William Malcolm Towson Judge
Beverly B Hayes Jr District Attorney
EASTERN JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
George E Oliver Chief Judge
Frank S Cheatham Jr Judge
Phyllis Kravitch Judge
Andrew J Ryan III District Attoimey
Dublin
Dublin
Savannah
Savannah
Savannah
Savannah
FLINT JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
Sam L Whitmire Chief Judge
E Byron Smith District Attorney
GRIFFIN JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
Andrew J Whalen Jr Chief Judge7
Ben J Miller Judge
Johnnie L Caldwell Jr District Attorney
Barnesville
Barnesville
Griffin
Thomaston
Thomaston
20
GWINNETT JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
Chas C Pittard Chief JudgeDuluth
Reid Merritt Judge PO Box 686 Lawrenceville
Homer M Stark JudgeILawrenceville
William Bryant Huff District Attorney256 Crogan Street
Lawrenceville
HOUSTON JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
Willis B Hunt Jr JudgePerry
Stephen Pace Jr District AttorneyPerry
LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
Robert E Bob Coker Chief JudgeLaFayette
Paul W Johnny Painter JudgeiRossville
Wm M Bill Campbell District Attorney LaFayette
MACON JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
C Cloud Morgan Chief JudgeWlIjuLt
George B Culpepper III Judge
Walker P Johnson Jr Judge
Willard Donald Thompson District Attorney
MIDDLE JUDICIAL CIRCUIT Walter C McMillan Jr Chief Judge PO Box 701 Sandersville
Marvin B Hartley Judge SjpBfftLyons
H Reginald Thompson District AttorneyrraPO Box 286
Swainsboro
MOUNTAIN JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
Jack N Gunter JudgePO Box 485 Clarkesville
V D Stockton District AttorneyClayton
NORTHEASTERN JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
A R Kenyon Chief Judge1PO Box 1353 Gainesville
James E Palmour III Judge Gainesville
Jeff C Wayne District AttorneyPO Box 430 Gainesville
NORTHERN JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
Ray B Burruss Jr Chief JudgePO Box 950 Hartwell
William F Grant Judge1 Elberton
Cleve Miller District Attorney PO Box 247 Elberton
OCMULGEE JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
George L Jackson Chief JudgeXGray
Joseph B Duke Judge Milledgeville
Joseph H Briley District AttorneyluiliiiiLLGray
VjMacon Ft Valley
Macon
Macon
21
OCONEE JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
James B OConnor Chief JudgePO Box 951 Eastman
Preston N Rawlins Jr Judge McRae
Phillip R West District Attorney PO Box57 iEastman
OGEECHEE JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
William Colbert Hawkins JudgePO Box 439 Sylvania
J Lane Johnston District Attorney JStatesboro
PATAULA JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
Walter I Geer Judge11Colquitt
Charles M Ferguson District Attorney jjCuthbert
PIEDMONT JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
J a m e s L Jim Brooks Judge i Jefferson
Nat Hancock District Attorney r Tofferg0n
ROME JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
Robert L Royal Chief Judge r TU WRome
John A Frazier Jr Judge Rome
Larry Salmon District Attorney Rome
SOUTH GEORGIA JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
Robert E L Culpepper Jr Judge Camilla
A Wallace Cato District AttorneyPO Box 65 Bainbridge
SOUTHERN JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
Marcus B Calhoun Chief Judge Thomasville
George A Horkan Jr Judge Moultrie
W G Gus Elliott JudgeValdosta
H Lamar Cole District Attorney Valdosta
SOUTHWESTERN JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
William F Blanks JudgePO Box 784 Americus
Claude N Morris District AttorneyAmericus
STONE MOUNTAIN
William T Dean Chief Judge
Clarence L Peeler Jr Judge
Curtis V Tillman Judge
Clyde Henley JudgeJ
Ewell T Hendon Jr Judge
Robert K Broome Judge
Keegan Federal Judge 1
Randall Peek District Attorney
JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
TConyers
Decatur
rr Decatur
303 Courthouse Decatur
Decatur
Decatur
Decatur
Conyers
22
TALLAPOOSA JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
Dan Winn Chief Judge4SnaviCedartown
Arthur W Fudger Judge1cl ll3f Dallas
Robert J Noland Judge Lli VDouglasville
John T Perren District Attorney y Dallas
TIFTON JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
W J Forehand Judge Tiftnn
Thomas H Pittman District Attorney jp Tiftnn
TOOMBS JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
Robert L Stevens JudgePO Box 27 Thomson
Kenneth E Goolsby District Attorney PO Box 405 Thomson
WAYCROSS JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
Ben A Hodges Chief JudgePO Box 894 Waycross
Elie L Holton Judge PO Box 604 Douglas
Dewey Hayes District Attorney Douglas
WESTERN JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
James Barrow Chief JudgePO Box 167 Athens
Joseph J Gaines JudgelLJ vy yAthens
Harry N Gordon District Attorney193 E Hancock Ave
Athens
SENIOR JUDGES OF THE SUPERIOR COURTS AND DISTRICT ATTORNEYS EMERITUS
Senior Judges
William H Reynolds
E E Andrews J R Thompson W A Foster Jr
Oliver Wendell Horne Jr Oscar L Long
Ralph H Pharr John H McGehee John E Frankum Hubert C Morgan Edwin S Kemp
F Frederick Kennedy George S Carpenter Robert L Scoggin Jeptha C Jep Tanksley
Joseph H Blackshear J Bowie Gray Mark Dunahoo Paul E Caswell Jefferson L Davis John W Williford Jack P Etheridge H 0 Hubert Jr Dunbar Harrison Samuel P Burtz W H White Winebert Dan Flexer II Hal Bell
Hugh D Sosebee
23
District Attorneys Emeritus
Winston Owen James Cecil Davis William Glenn Thomas W H Lanier Harvey L Jay Wright Lipford Cohen Anderson W B Skipworth Jr
Edward E McGarity Richard Bell
Maston E ONeal Jr George D Lawrence Ben F Smith
Albert D Mulls
Andrew J Ryan Jr Cete D Johnson
BOARDS AND COMMISSIONS
AGING Council on William Huff III
PO Box 629 Manchester Vita R Ostrander
1839 Mt Royal Drive NE Atlanta W John Simpkins
PO Box 2847 Columbus Charles W Smith Smith Farms Sautee Kay H Hind 311 Pine Avenue Albany Naomi Ernst Maddox
2334 Miriam Lane Decatur Barbara P Payne Studies in Aging
Georgia State University 33 Gilmer Street Atlanta Mrs James G Unger 434 Hancock Street Madison Mrs Julia Bond
361 Westview Drive SW Atlanta Ross Kirby
PO Box 162 Snellville Ms Cheryll Schramm PO Box 393 Marietta
D C Peterson
American Association of Retired Persons Kathleen Rev Albert Mehaffey
101 Hayes Mill Road Carrollton Ms Agnes Quarles Box 281 Rome
24
Mrs Elizabeth Wilson
724 Oakview Road Decatur Joe Zanone
5 Barnett Drive Isle of Hope Savannah Dr Eugene Sherman
Department of Sociology Albany State College Albany Mrs Lilly Barnes
512 Angier Avenue NE Atlanta
H D Bryant
813 South Macon Street Fort Valley Thomas F Pitts
756 Main Street Macon
ARTS AND HUMANITIES Georgia Council for the
Isabelle Watkins Chairperson 3920 Club Drive N E Atlanta Anne C Barton
708 Montrose Court Augusta R Scott Coleman
250 McDonough Road Jackson Michael L Lomax
1478 Willis Mill Road S W Atlanta Dorothy McClure
1739 Hilton Avenue Columbus James H Morgan Sr ViceChairman Monte Sano Swainsboro Carol Muldawer
3904 Randall Ridge Road N W Atlanta Eliot Wigginton
Rabun Gap School Rabun Gap James E Barnett
Colony House West Peachtree Street at 15th Atlanta Fred D Bentley Sr
Beaumont Drive N W Kennesaw Joseph F Haas
4570 Powers Ferry Road N W Atlanta
E T Kehrer
Route 2 800 Six Flags Drive Austell Dr T Marshall Jones
3332 Sweetbriar Road Albany Dr Joseph Perrin
3794 Poplar Drive Clarkston
25
Willie J Woods
730 Piedmont Avenue A Atlanta Lois C Wooten
201 McLaws Street Savannah Caroline Armstrong 323 East 44th Street Savannah Joseph E Cabell
Route 2 Flowery Branch Katherine Mixson 200 High Street Valdosta Charles M Rafshoon 842 North Highland Avenue Atlanta Betty F Sanders 3488 Tuxedo Road Atlanta Rosemary Stiefel 351 Glenn Circle Decatur Helen L Strickland Route 1 Lakeland Shirley C Franklin
1258 Tuckawanna Drive S W Atlanta
ATLANTIC STATES MARINE FISHERIES COMMISSION Frank E Carlton 2515 Habersham Street Savannah Exofficio member Commissioner of Natural Resources
BICENTENNIAL CELEBRATION Georgia Commission For The National Division of Secretary of State
1776 Peachtree Street N W
Suite 520 South Wing Atlanta Georgia 30309 Secretary of State Chairman Aimer K Johnson Jr Executive Director Senate Members
John R Riley PO Box 9641 Savannah Floyd Hudgins PO Box 12127 Columbus
E G Summers PO Box 499 LaFayette Mell Traylor PO Box 826 Pembroke Charles Wessels PO Box 8002 Savannah Bill English Rt 6 Box 46 Swainsboro
26
House Members
Arthur M Gignilliat PO Box 968 Savannah Billy Milford Route 3 Hartwell Richard A Dent 1120 Pine Street Augusta John Hawkins 1360 Harvard Rd NE Atlanta Appointed by the Governor
Mrs Sue Jackson Route 5 Burnt Hickory Road
Cartersville
Frank Underwood 7 Altheal Parkway Kensington Park Savannah
John Melton 3126 Oxford Road Augusta Appointed by the Secretary of State
Roy F Chalker Jr Press Ready News Waynesboro Dr Kenneth Coleman Department of History University of Georgia Athens
Alan S Gaynor PO Box 8608 Savannah Representing Organizations in Georgia
William E Blair Americus Times Recorder Vienna Road Americus
Joseph H Brown 811 East Morningside Dr NE
Atlanta
Mrs Liane Levetan 2250 Chrysler Terrace NE Atlanta Dr William Gabard Valdosta State College Valdosta A Lester Henderson USAR Ret 637 East Liberty Street Savannah
Vernon D Martin Box 1316 Brunswick George Anderson Mercer III 702 Washington Avenue Savannah
G Harold Northrop Callaway Gardens Garden Services
Inc Pine Mountain
Gene Dyson 181 Washington Street SW ViceChairman Atlanta
H Franklin Fling 512 Barberry Road Savannah Ms Jean Hendrix WSBTV Radio 1601 W Peachtree
Street NE Atlanta
Mrs Arthur H Waite 5555 Roswell Road NE Apt V3 Atlanta
W B Withers Mayor City of Moultrie Moultrie Dr James C Bonner Professor Emeritus of History
Georgia College Milledgeville
Exofficio members Secretary of State the Governor the Lieutenant Governor the Director of the Department of
27
Archives History Commissioner of Agriculture the Speaker of the House of Representatives the Adjutant General of Georgia the Commissioner of the Department of Public Safety the State Superintendent of the Department of Education the Commissioner of the Department of Industry and Trade the Commissioner of the Department of Natural Resources the Commissioner of the Department of Transportation the Governors Advisor on the Arts the Director of the Office of Planning Budget the Chancellor of the University System of Georgia
BUILDING AUTHORITY GEORGIA BUILDING AUTHORITY HOSPITAL GEORGIA BUILDING AUTHORITY MARKETS GEORGIA BUILDING AUTHORITY PENAL GEORGIA Exofficio members are the same for each of the above Authorities Governor State Auditor Lieutenant Governor Commissioner of Agriculture Attorney General CODE REVISION COMMISSION
Senate Members President of the Senate 418 State Capitol Atlanta Peter L Banks
314 Thomaston Street Barnesville Roy Barnes
639 Maran Drive Mableton J Beverly Langford PO Box 277 Calhoun Howard T Overby
PO Box 636 Gainesville House of Representatives Members
Speaker of the House 3rd Floor State Capitol Atlanta Randolph C Karrh
PO Drawer K Swainsboro Wayne Snow Jr
PO Box 26 Rossville Albert W Thompson
PO Box 587 Columbus Larry Walker
PO Box 1234 Perry State Bar Members
Hugh D Sosebee
PO Box 818 Forsyth
28
Lewis R Slaton A 1
309 Fulton County Courthouse Atlanta R W Crenshaw Jr
3300 First National Bank Tower Atlanta Hugh Brown McNatt PO Box 660 Lyons J Douglas Stewart
PO Box 430 Gainesville
CAMPAIGN AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE COMMISSION State Irving K Kaler Chairman
960 W Kingston Dr N E Atlanta John Miller ViceChairman
2909 Abercorn Road Savannah Mrs Lillian Lewis
1520 Pinehurst Drive S W Atlanta Hardy McCalmon
Woodland Circle Bremen Freeman Leverett
PO Box 896 Elberton Kipling Louise McVay Executive Director Secretary to Commission
Ben W Fortson Jr Secretary of State
CLAIMS ADVISORY BOARD Exofficio members
Secretary of State Chairman
Commissioner Department of Human Resources
Commissioner Department of Transportation
COMMUNITY AFFAIRS BOARD OF James Griffin Jr
PO Box 602 Albany R Alex Grindler
PO Box 10 Swainsboro H Hearn Lumpkin Chairman PO Box 4545 Atlanta James G Hay
Route 2 Box 290 Thomasville L Scott Stell Jr
1616 Eleanor Street Savannah Leroy H J ohnson PO Box 27 Turin
29
Hobby Stripling ViceChairman City Hall Vienna Gerald H Thompson PO Box Q Fitzerald Lillian Webb
City Hall Norcross
COMPENSATION State Commission on James H Blanchard
6200 Mountainview Drive Columbus James C Harrington Jr
PO Box 305 Cumming Owen Westbrook
537 Pinecrest Drive Bremen Alan S Gaynor
P O Box 8608 Savannah Edward M McIntyre P 0 Box 1897 Augusta Charles L Gowen Chairman Trust Co of Ga Bldg Atlanta Mrs Barbara Muntean
6073 Kathie Court Ellenwood W O Du Vail
Atlanta Federal Savings Bldg Atlanta Marian A Sumner
Moore Street Sylvester E D Smith ViceChairman
First National Bank Tower Atlanta Herbert L Mabry
6150 Ferry Drive N W Atlanta Howell Hollis
P 0 Box 2707 Columbus
CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS PUBLICATION BOARD
Governor Chairman Lieutenant Governor Speaker House of Representatives
CONSTITUTIONAL OFFICERS ELECTION BOARD Speaker House of Representatives Chairman Clerk House of Representatives President Pro Tempore of the Senate Secretary of the Senate
Chairman Each Standing Committee of the General Assembly
30
CONSUMER ADVISORY BOARD Fair Business Practices Act of 1975
Tim Ryles Administrator Rm 104 State Capitol Ronald E Ginsberg Chairman 14 East State Street Savannah James F Echols
147 Love Avenue Tifton John A Daniel
Third Avenue Buena Vista Harry W Pettigrew
Georgia Legal Services 15 Peachtree Street Suite 909 Atlanta A Gordon Oliver
The Citizens Southern National Bank
99 Annex Atlanta Charles E Campbell
300 Fulton Federal Building Atlanta Betty C Godwin
318 Stewart Avenue Marietta
Bernice Turner
301 American Federal Bldg P O Box 928 Macon Richard W Davidson
The Cleveland Courier Cleveland
T J Foss
1225 Greene Street Augusta James M Bell
675 Ponce de Leon Ave N E Atlanta J A Crockett
P O Box 569 Vidalia Willie E Lockett
Georgia Legal Services 309 Pine Avenue Albany Dr Sue Phelps
2706 Clearview Drive S E Rocky Face Dan P Young
2490 Cascade Road S W Atlanta
GEORGIA CORRECTIONAL INDUSTRIES ADMINISTRATION William H Wiseman
1309 Martinique Drive Augusta John Aderhold Chairman
870 Fairfield Road N W Atlanta
31
Jerry Anderson ViceChairman Box 177 Fort Gaines Harry Bexley
501 Pulliam Street S W Atlanta Gayle N Manley
116 Mitchell Street Room 400 Atlanta Norman Gunn Jr
3769 Atwood Dr Macon
CORRECTIONS State Board of Miss Selina Burch
40 Pryor Street SW 4th Floor Atlanta Jack T Rutledge Vice Chairman 3416 Sue Mack Drive Columbus Joseph C Underwood
P 0 Box 235 Mount Vernon
STATE CRIME COMMISSION 3400 Peachtree Rd NE Suite 625 Atlanta 30326
NONJUDICIAL MEMBERSHIP The Governor Attorney General Commissioner Department of Offender Rehabilitation Commissioner Department of Human Resources Commissioner Department of Public Safety Chairman Board of Pardons and Paroles Chairman Juvenile Justice Advisory Committee President State Bar of Georgia Director Georgia Bureau of Investigation Director Georgia Police Academy or their designees Representative Tom Taggart 139 Whitaker Street Savannah Representative Albert W Thompson PO Box 587 Columbus Senator Peter L Banks 314 Thomaston Street Barnesville Senator Ed Johnson 6510 Ashdale Drive College Park Upshaw Bentley Mayor City of Athens Athens Richmond D Hill Mayor City of Greenville PO Box 37 Greenville
Ed McIntyre 1143 Gwinnett St Augusta J R Odum Albany Road Sylvester John Collins Chief of Police City of Rome Rome Curtis McClung Chief of Police PO Box 1866 Columbus Bobby N Livingston Chief of Police City of Moultrie Moultrie
L Cary Bittick Jr Forsyth Romie Waters Reidsville Bill Hutson Marietta
32
Allen Stone Warden Houston Co Correctional Institute Kings Chapel Road Perry Mrs Clarice Bagwell Route 6 Box 192 Canton Monsignor R Donald Kiernan 7171 Glenridge Drive NE Atlanta
Richard Allen District Attorney 207 CityCounty Building Augusta
Dr Harry Downs Chairman President Clayton Junior College PO Box 285 Morrow Ken English 206 Adelyn Road Albany Mrs E C Frazer III 1204 Third Avenue Albany Mrs Bettye Hutchings P 0 Box 996 Macon George Murphy ViceChairman PO Box 2150 Atlanta Dr George Napper 175 Decatur Street Atlanta James Thompson Suite 131 1280 Winchester Parkway Smyrna
Robert L Doss Chief Judicial Administrative Officer 55 Marietta St Suite 2000 Atlanta
JUDICIAL MEMBERSHIP
Chief Justice H E Nichols Supreme Court of Georgia 514 State Judicial Bldg Atlanta
Judge Frank S Cheatham Jr Superior Court Eastern Judicial Circuit 214 Chatham County Courthouse Savannah Judge P Harris Hines State Court of Cobb County P O Box 649 Marietta
A Sidney Parker PO Box 997 Marietta Judge Marion T Pope Jr Superior Courts Blue Ridge Judicial Circuit PO Box 589 Canton Judge Romae Powell Juvenile Court of Fulton County 445 Capitol Ave Atlanta
Larry Salmon District Attorney Rome Judicial Circuit Floyd County Courthouse Rome y
Judge Robert Vining Jr Superior Courts Conasauga Judicial Circuit P 0 Box 596 Dalton
STATE DEPOSITORY BOARD Governor
Comptroller General State Revenue Commissioner State Auditor
Commissioner of Banking Finance
Director Fiscal Services Division Dept of Administrative Services
33
DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY Georgia Dr Harry L Brown Mountain City Rooney Bowen Box 323 Vienna J W Fanning ViceChairman 397 Parkway Dr Athens H C Hearn Jr
P O Box 248 Claxton Eldridge Perry Chairman Buena Vista Jack B Ray Norwood Dean Hayes
502 College St Calhoun Billy E Nalls PO Box 31 Monticello
Exofficio members Commissioner of Agriculture Commissioner Department of Industry and Trade and a President and General Manager exoff elected by the Authority
EDUCATION AUTHORITY SCHOOLS GEORGIA
EDUCATION AUTHORITY UNIVERSITY
GEORGIA
270 Washington St S W Room 207 Exofficio members are the same for the above Authorities Governor Attorney General State Auditor
Chairman State Board of Education
Chairman Board of Regents University System of Georgia State Superintendent of Schools Chancellor University System of Georgia
EDUCATION State Board of Roy A Hendricks Chairman 1st Cong Dist
P 0 Box 177 Metter Thomas K Vann Jr2nd Cong Dist
P 0 Box 1053 Thomasville A J McClung 3rd Cong Dist
YMCA 1175 Brookhaven Blvd Columbus Ernest S Whaley4th Cong Dist
1086 Cleavemark Dr Clarkston
34
Mrs Saralyn B Oberdrfer5th Gong Dist
6150 Mountain Brook Way N W Atlanta Kenneth Kilpatrick6th Cong Dist
101 N Main St Jonesboro James F Smith7th Cong Dist
P 0 Box 464 Cartersville
W Asbury Stembridge ViceChairman 8th Cong Di
P 0 Box 4587 Macon Hollis Q Lathem 9th Cong Dist
Citizens Bank PO Box 265 Ball Ground Mrs Carolyn Huseman10th Cong Dist
114 Clifton Dr Athens
EDUCATIONAL IMPROVEMENT COUNCIL Georgia Rm 6567 Martin Luther King Dr Atlanta
President of the Senate Speaker of the House of Representatives Chairman University System of Georgia Committee of the Senate
Chairman Education Committee of the House Chairman
Chairman Elementary and Secondary
Education Committee of the Senate
Chairman University System of Georgia
Committee of the House of Representatives ViceChairman
Senate Mbrs
Peter L Banks
314 Thomaston St Barnesville Virginia Shapard Drawer K Griffin
House Mbrs
Nathan Knight PO Box 1175 Newnan John Russell
PO Box 588 Winder
GOVERNORS TASK FORCE ON EDUCATION
Charles Allen
Route 4 Cleveland
Gordon Bondurant
Darlington School Cave Spring Road Rome Charles Lyndol Cain
189 Loch Lomond Circle Watkmsville W L Colombo
Longview Drive Jefferson
35
Ellen Coody
1242 Wild Creek Trail NW Atlanta Ruth Downs
Route 1 Box 108 West Point Dr Robert Driscoll 1038 Sans Souci Way Clarkston Dr H M Fulbright 301 Ferndale Road Carrollton Dorothea Jackson 2136 Neal Avenue Morrow Frances LaFarge 1918 Wood Valley Road Macon
Mary Long
Ruth Hill School Newnan Marie B Martin Box 410 Madison Phillip McGregor
914 F Clubhouse Circle NE Decatur Peggy Neal
3785 Old Lexington Road Athens James Nolan
4614 Glenwood Drive Macon Dr Christopher Sharp P 0 Box 363 Dahlonega Jo Ann Stallings
5841 Wiltshire Drive Columbus Katherine Stalvey
2200 Meadow Wood Court Marietta Virginia Stringer
6000 Park Avenue NE Apt 61 Atlanta Anne Stroud
1407 South Cleveland Drive Albany Ernest L Stroud Jr
120 Smith Street Jonesboro Doris Thomas
211 East 52nd Street Savannah Florence Warren 202 Main Sail Landing Roswell Dr Justine Washington 1228 Kent Street Augusta Peyton Williams P O Box 427 Sylvania
36
Geraldine Wright
160 Correll Drive Jackson Governor Chairman Lieutenant Governor CoChairman
ELECTION BOARD State Rm 214 State Capitol
Ben W Fortson Jr Secretary of State Chairman D B Howe Sr
18 Alabama Street Tallapoosa
Mrs Shirley Altman
709 North Dawson Road Thomasville Oscar N Persons
1200 Citizens Southern National Bank Bldg
35 Broad St N W Atlanta
M M Muggsy Smith
230 Peachtree St NW Suite 1919 Atlanta
EMPLOYEES RETIREMENT SYSTEM OF GEORGIA
Board of Trustees Two Northside 75 Atlanta John W McIntyre
Citizens Southern National Bank Atlanta Langdon C Sheffield Box 487 Americus Dr Jack P Nix Chairman 584 Tommy Aaron Drive Gainesville
William E Strickland
State Department of Revenue Atlanta Exofficio members State Auditor State Insurance Commissioner Vice Chairman Director State Merit System
EMPLOYMENT SECURITY AGENCY Board of Review Dock H Davis
126 17th Street Atlanta Herbert C Green Chairman
1280 Winchester Parkway S E Smyrna John W Wilcox Jr
Peachtree Center Cain Tower Suite 1901 229 Peachtree St Atlanta
37
ENERGY RESOURCES Georgia Council for Ms Omi Walden Director Office of Energy Resources 270 Washington St SW Atlanta
EXECUTIVE CENTER FINE ARTS COMMITTEE Mrs Clayton H Farnham
30 Inman Circle N E Atlanta Mrs Roy Frangiamore
3875 Randall Mill Road N W Atlanta Mrs James B Gilbert
154 Shore Rush Drive St Simons Island Holcombe T Green
29 West Andrews Drive N W Atlanta Mrs William W Griffin
1330 West Garmon Road Atlanta Mrs Eugene A Medori Jr
4493 Cheri Glen Trail Stone Mountain Dr Hubert B Owens 215 Rutherford Street Athens Gudmund Vigtel
2082 Golf View Circle N E Atlanta
FINANCING AND INVESTMENT COMMISSION Georgia State
270 Washington St S W Room 207 Governor Chairman President of the Senate Vice Chairman Speaker of the House of Representatives State Auditor SecretaryTreasurer The Attorney General Commissioner of Agriculture
Director Fiscal Division Department of Administrative Services
FIRE ACADEMY BOARD Georgia 534 Clay Street Marietta R Harold Taylor Chairman
Georgia Power Company Production Department
260 Peachtree Street Atlanta David R Trippe
4573 Club Circle N E Atlanta
38
FOREST RESEARCH COUNCIL Georgia Dr H I Conner Chairman Vidalia
James L Jackson Vice Chairman Route 1 Box 303H Wrightsville Duross Fitzpatrick
Farm Bureau Bldg Cochran
C Kenneth Hall Swainsboro Bill Davis
PO Box 612 Madison
Exofficio member Director State Forestry Commission
FORESTRY COMMISSION State Robert Simpson III 402 East Main Street Lakeland Jim L Gillis Jr
Soperton Felton Denney
Route 3 Carrollton Henry E Williams Chairman PO Box 339 Woodbine Eley C Frazer III PO Box 3250 Albany
A Ray Shirley Director and Executive Secretary P 0 Box 819 Macon
FRANCHISE PRACTICES COMMISSION Georgia Robert J Eubanks
1000 W Taylor Street Griffin Seth L Knight Chairman
1325 Martha Berry Blvd Rome Robert R Meredith P O Box 28 Lavonia L Cohen Walker Sr
Gary Walker Tractor Co Perry R E Budd
PO Box 1414 Atlanta
F Woodson Briscoe ViceChairman 3242 Peachtree Rd NE Atlanta Robert M Matre
P 0 Box 407 Albany Harry V Ruth
2523 Fair Oaks Road Decatur
Hiy
Durward M Jones
Route 2 Ridgewood Estates Cornelia
HERITAGE TRUST COMMISSION Jennie Tate Anderson Chadrman
1100 Burnt Hickory Road NE Marietta William L Berry
P 0 Box 338 Villa Rica Mrs James J W Biggers Jr
2316 19th Street Columbus Linda Billingsley
1265 Christmas Lane Atlanta Dr James C Bonner
PO Box 44 Milledgeville Dr Edward J Cashin Jr ViceChairman
Dept of History Political Science Philosophy Augusta College Augusta Eugene E Cline
Star Route Box 22 Canton John H Goddard Jr
P O Box 116 Griffin W W Law
710 West Victory Drive Savannah Eunice L Mixon
Route 5 Box 294 Tifton Dr George A Rogers
Dept of History Georgia Southern College Statesboro Lena M Sheats 2106 Trailwood Road Decatur Ann J Singer
P O Box 218 Lumpkin Loraine P Williams 3200 Arden Road NW Atlanta HERTY FOUNDATION Charles H
William J McCormick Chairman P O Box 8668 Savannah H Lehman Franklin Jr
P O Box 964 Statesboro Bobby R Dixon 202 Irene St Vidalia John E Ellington PO Box 2 Soperton John S Laws ViceChairman Baxley
40
HIGHER EDUCATION ASSISTANCE CORPORATION
Ga Board of Directors of the
Mrs Stanley Friedman1st Cong Dist
12 Stillwood Circle South Savannah Walter McCrary Jr2nd Cong Dist
Citizens Bank Cuthbert Dr Carey T Vinzant3rd Cong Dist
Tift College Forsyth Patrick L Mathis4th Cong Dist
3181 Rainbow Dr Decatur Dr Pearlie C Dove5th Cong Dist
1053 Washington Heights Terrace S W Atlanta Walter F Farr Sr6th Cong Dist
The Fayette State Bank PO Box 2008 Peachtree City William Ingram7th Cong Dist Chairman P O Box 308 Cartersville James McCallum8th Cong Dist
Rt 1 Box 13 Broxton Billy Dilworth9th Cong Dist
Carnesville
E Wilson Hawes10th Cong Dist
Thomson
Mrs R M HairState at Large Buena Vista
L R Turpin ViceChairmanState at Large Clarkesville
Board of Directors Chancellor University System of Georgia Chairman Board of Regents University System of Georgia Director Office of Planning and Budget State School Superintendent
HIGHWAY AUTHORITY GEORGIA Exofficio members
Governor
Commissioner Dept of Transportation Director Office of Planning and Budget
HOSPITAL ADVISORY COUNCIL for Construction and Licensure
William H Harper Jr1st Cong Dist
P O Box 637 Waynesboro
41
Mrs Shirley K Altman2nd Cong Dist
709 N Dawson St Thomasville Paul Sinclair3rd Cong Dist
Montezuma
John K Wingfield4th Cong Dist
1880 Chisholm Court Tucker Mrs Robert C Toni Sawyer5th Cong Dist
3799 Northside Drive NW Atlanta Mrs Wilma W Shelnutt ViceChairman6th Cong Dist
Love joy
Alvin D Phillips Sr7th Cong Dist
P 0 Box 2005 Ft Oglethorpe Reverend Albert Cardwell Chairman8th Cong Dist
First Baptist Church 511 High Place Macon Reeder Tucker9th Cong Dist
Royston
N Dudley Horton10th Cong Dist
Eaton ton
Rev A L KendrickState at Large 4328 Luxembourg Dr Decatur Dr J Curtis Lane Georgia Dental Association PO Box 367 Statesboro Millard L Wear Georgia Hospital Association 1319 3rd St Moultrie Ernest Barrett
Assn of Co Commissioners Marietta Dr George Chapman
Ga Pharmaceutical Assn Vidalia Mrs Gladys Shaw Ga State Nurses Assn
Pickens General Hospital Jasper Raymond Head Jr Ga Municipal Assn
P O Box 222 Griffin Dr Donald R Rooney Medical Assn of Ga
Kennestone Hospital Marietta Mrs Marian M StyronGa Assn of Nursing Homes Styrons Arrowhead Nursing Center Jonesboro Exofficio members Director Vocational Rehabilitation Division of the State Dept of Education Commissioner Dept of Human Resources
HUMAN RESOURCES Board of Sister Mary Cornile1st Cong Dist
11705 Mercy Boulevard Savannah
42
Hugh Gaston2nd Cong Dist
3210 Dawson Road Albany Robert A Bobby Rowan 2nd Cong Dist
Enigma
Claybon J Edwards 3rd Cong Dist
P 0 Box 310 Fort Valley Dr B B Okel4th Cong Dist
2193 N Decatur Road Decatur i Boisfeuillet Jones5th Cong Dist Chairman
1400 Peachtree Center Tower 230 Peachtree St NW Atlanta
L Lamar Akins6th Cong Dist
152 Georgia Ave Barnesville Dr Wells Riley6th Cong Dist
151 West Mill Street Jonesboro Dr Benjamin S Anderson Jr7th Cong Dist
P O Box 508 Cedartown Larry E Mathison8th Cong Dist
P O Box 237 Waycross
Jim Hammock8th Cong Dist ViceChairman 401 East Jackson Dublin
9th Cong Dist
Dr Robert Repass10th Cong Dist
687 S Milledge Ave Athens Dr Daniel F Ward10th Cong Dist
813 Windsor Court Augusta
INDUSTRY AND TRADE Board of Nick Mamalakis 1st Cong Dist
302 LaFayette Circle Savannah A W Bill Jones 1st Cong Dist
Sea Island Company Sea Island Frank Neel 2nd Cong Dist
521 Smith Ave Thomasville Billy G Fallin 2nd Cong Dist
PO Box 665 Moultrie Maury A Klumok 3vd Cong Dist
600 Andrews Road Columbus John M Pope 3rd Cong Dist
Box 786 Americus
Mrs Ann A Crichton ViceChairman Uth Cong Dist
Box 220 Decatur John K Porter Uth Cong Dist
Healey Building Atlanta
43
Sam Ayoub Chairman 5 th Cong Dist
PO Drawer 56487 Atlanta
5th Cong Dist
Roger Schoerner 6th Cong Dist
Carrollton
C A Knowles 6th Cong Dist
1007 E College Griffin John T Fleetwood Sr 7th Cong Dist
P 0 Box 70 Cartersville F H Boney 7th Cong Dist
PO Box 29 Summerville Hugh Lawson 8th Cong Dist
328 Commerce Street Hawkinsville Rever A Morris 8th Cong Dist
Alma
Harold L Smith 9th Cong Dist
P 0 Box 736 Gainesville Ray W Gunnin 9th Cong Dist
Box 49 Spalding Drive Norcross Julius Bishop 10th Cong Dist
2200 Jefferson Athens William B Kuhlke Jr 10th Cong Dist
3337 Milledgeville Road Augusta INVESTIGATION Georgia Bureau of
1001 International Blvd Atlanta Ga 30354 Beverly E Ponder Director T J McGreevy
Division Director Investigation W E Boles
Division Director GCIC L B Howard
Division Director Crime Lab
JEKYLL ISLAND STATE PARK AUTHORITY Exofficio members
Secretary of State AttorneyGeneral ViceChairman Chairman Public Service Commission Chairman State Auditor
Director Parks and Recreation Division
Dept of Natural Resources Mrs Madelyn Neill Asst SecyTreas
Rm 214 TrinityWashington Bldg Atlanta 44
JUDICIAL COUNCIL OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA
Georgia Justice Center 84 Peachtree St Suite 500 Atlanta
Charles L Weltner
Judge of the Superior Court Atlanta Judicial Circuit Fulton County Courthouse Atlanta
Robert H Jordan
Asso Justice of the Supreme Court State Judicial Building Atlanta
Julian Webb ViceChairman
Judge of the Georgia Court of Appeals State Judicial Building
Atlanta
Paul W Painter
Judge of the Superior Court Lookout Mountain Judicial Circuit Rossville
Marion T Pope Jr Chairman Judge of the Superior Court Blue Ridge Judicial Circuit P 0 Box 589 Canton
James B OConnor
Judge of the Superior Court Oconee Judicial Circuit P 0 Box 951 Eastman
Frank S Cheatham Jr
Judge of the Superior Court Eastern Judicial Circuit Chatham Courthouse Savannah
Marion Guess Jr
Judge of the Probate Court DeKalb County Courthouse Decatur
45
Francis W Allen
Judge of the State Court of Bulloch County
Bulloch County Courthouse
Statesboro
ExOfficio members President State Bar of Georgia Immediate Past President State Bar of Georgia
JUDICIAL QUALIFICATIONS COMMISSION H H Perry Jr Chairman P 0 Box 527 Albany Howard Ector ViceChairman P O Box 4655 Atlanta A G Cleveland Jr
Equitable Building 100 Peachtree St N E Atlanta Mrs Amilee Graves
Washington Street Clarkesville Frank C Jones
500 First National Bank Bldg Macon George A Horkan Jr
Judge of the Superior Courts Southern Judicial Circuit Moultrie
Byron H Mathews Jr
Judge State Court of Coweta County Coweta County Courthouse Newnan
LAKE LANIER ISLANDS DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY Dr Marcus Mashburn Jr
Gumming
Russell Phillips ViceChairman 201 Morningside Dr Buford David A Rankin Jr
PO Box 525 Gainesville L D Lawson Chairman
Highland Court Rte 9 Box 366 Gainesville
Secretary of State Commissioner of Dept of Natural Resources Commissioner Dept of Industry and Tradej President Upper Chattahoochee Development Association Director Parks Historic Sites Division Dept of Natural Resources
46
LITERATURE COMMISSION State Dr James P Wesberry 1700 Piedmont Aye NE Atlanta
LONGTERM HEALTH CARE FACILITY AD VIS OilY COUNCIL E Thomas Stroud
Plantation WayBlack Banks St Simons Island Gerald Bishop ViceChairman 1480 Sandtown Road Marietta Edward Bond Chairman 577 Mulberry Street Macon Joe Cobis
7150 Manor Road Columbus William C Davis P 0 Box 356 Gray J Fred Gunter
1170 Cleveland Avenue East Point R Wayne Lowe
P O Box 1501 Warner Robins Edward M McIntyre P O Box 904 Augusta H C Morrison
703 Drayton Street Savannah
MATERNAL AND INFANT HEALTH Council On Roberta M Brown 569 Franklin Springs St Royston Dr Lewis Levy M D
Columbus Medical Center Columbus Mrs Ola M Ford 426 Woolf oik St Macon Dr Willie Adams Jr MD
420 Fourth Avenue Albany Dr Frank M Houser Jr
P O Box 1545 Dalton Sabrina H Atkins 620 Cambridge Ave Augusta Dr W Newton Long
69 Butler St SE Atlanta Mrs Bobbie Riley
Grady Hospital 80 Butler St Atlanta
47
Dr Micki L Souma MD
The Medical Center Columbus Mrs Nance White ViceChairman 5398 Verdon Court Dunwoody Robert L Zwald h
Georgia Baptist Hospital 3001 Boulevard NE Atlanta Dr Joseph Morrison Chairman 4 Medical Arts Bldg Savannah Joyce F Dillon
1573 Huntington Trail Dunwoody
MEDICAL ASSISTANCE Board of
D Jack Davis PO Box 194 Ila Edward D Irons
Atlanta University 223 Chestnut Street SW Atlanta James E Barnett
Colony House West Peachtree Street at 15th Atlanta Vivian P Hartman
102 Skyway Drive Warner Robins
G W Hogan Chairman
Director Fiscal Division 439 MitchellPryor Bldg
116 Mitchell Street Atlanta
MEDICAL EDUCATION BOARD State
Dr H Calvin Jackson MD Chairman 209 Broad St Manchester David A Wells MD ViceChairmm 1219 Memorial Drive Dalton Dr Joseph L Girardeau MD
84 Wakefield Dr N E Atlanta Dr Henry G Neal Executive Secretary to Board of Regents SecretaryTreasurer
Exofficio members President Medical Association of Georgia Immediate Past President Medical Association of Georgia
MENTAL HEALTH AND MENTAL RETARDATION
State Advisory Council for Yvonne Bankston 249 Chalmers Street Atlanta A Brooks Cagle
PO Box 2395 Gainesville
48
Mrs Dallas D Cason P0 Box 508 Statesboro Curtis L Cooper III
151 Culver Street Macon Donald Devis
80 Butler Street SE Atlanta Larry D Early
800 Peachtree Street Atlanta John D Furman Jr
1601 West Peachtree Street Atlanta Dr Allan W Gurley
12 Mitchell Street SW Atlanta Michael W Morris
1575 Phoenix Boulevard Suite 8 Atlanta J W Pinkston
80 Butler Street SE Atlanta Joe Burton
2598 Woodwardia Road NE Atlanta J Ebb Duncan PO Box 26 Carrollton Jimmy Lester
985 Broad Street Augusta Eleanor L Richardson 755 Park Lane Decatur Virginia Shapard Drawer K Griffin Deedy Bartenfeld
91 West Paces Ferry Road NW Townhouse 4 Atlanta Albert L Cardwell 511 High Place Macon Dr John R Curtis
University Health Services University of Georgia Athens Carolyn B Georgoy
Route 2 Box 11 Vienna Beverly Long
1036 Somerset Drive NW Atlanta James A Mackay
One West Court Square Suite 500 Decatur Peter N Mayfield
Lenox Towers Suite 1211 3400 Peachtree Road NE Atlanta
Othniel W McGehee 506 American Federal Building Macon
Ben H Portman 63 Bluff Drive Savannah Allan W Russell
PO Box 185 Milledgeville Calvin M Simpson
PO Box 964 Milledgeville Betty P Spence 1903 Lullwater Road Albany Dr C O Templeton PO Box 702 Valdosta Dr Glenn A Vergason
Department of Special Education Georgia State University Atlanta
H Don Williams Rte 1 Aragon
NATURAL RESOURCES Board of Dolan E Brown Jr1st Cong Dist
PO Box 58 Twin City Leo T Barber Jr2nd Cong Dist
617 3rd Street Moultrie Alton P Draughon3rd Cong Dist
PO Box 365 Vienna George P Dillard4th Cong Dist
558 Church Street Decatur Mrs Mary Izard5th Cong Dist
4061 Glen Devon Dr NW Atlanta James A Mankin6th Cong Dist
1123 Pine Valley Road Griffin Lloyd L Summer Jr7th Cong Dist Chairman
4 Horseleg Creek Road Rome J Wimbric Walker8th Cong Dist ViceChairman PO Box 128 McRae Donald J Carter9th Cong Dist
Box 535 Gainesville Walter W Eaves10th Cong Dist
P 0 Box 919 Elberton Sam CoferCoastal Counties P O Box R St Simons Island Leonard FooteState at Large 380 Maple Avenue Marietta Wade H ColemanState at Large 2406 Briarwood Drive Valdosta
50
James D ConeState at Large
554 Tallwood Drive Stone Mountain A Leo Lanman Jr State at Large Route 2 Old Roswell Road Roswell
NORTH GEORGIA MOUNTAINS AUTHORITY Same membership as Board of Natural Resources
OFFENDER REHABILITATION Board of
Norman Cavender
203 New Drive Avenue Claxton Charles Hill
P 0 Box 788 Blairsville Rev E C Gene Tillman ViceChairman 1910 Kay Ave Brunswick Edwin S Varner Jr
PO Box 818 Warner Robins Lynthia W Miller
3209 Huxley Drive Augusta Exofficio members State Board of Corrections
PEACE OFFICERS STANDARDS AND TRAINING COUNCIL Georgia Jack Crane
City Hall Dublin
Lawrence E Mahaney ViceChairman
Savannah Police Dept Chief of Detectives PO Box 8032 Savannah Merrill A Greathouse
Sheriff of Upson County Upson County Courthouse Thomaston Vivian A Underwood
DeKalb County Police 4400 Memorial Drive Complex Decatur James E Dearing
Georgia State University Chief of Police University Plaza Atlanta Louis Graham
Fulton County Police Dept Chief of Detectives
183 Central Ave SW Atlanta Charles Kent
Tift County Commissioner Tifton
1
Leslie Summerford Chief of Police City Hall Albany Exofficio members Attorney General Commissioner Dept Public Safety President Ga Mun Assn President Assn Co Commissioners of Ga President Ga Sheriffs Assn ChaivTYicin President Peace Officers Assn of Ga President Ga Chiefs of Police Assn or their designees
PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS COMMISSION Joyce Ann Brown 2133 Favor Road Marietta Mrs Earline Loudermilk Route One Mount Airy David Rodriguez 6427 Malibu Drive Columbus Ted W Key
870 Amberwood Way Forest Park Mrs Cary D Holt 4749 Tucson Trail SW Atlanta Mrs Betty Houston Box 72 Blakely
Mrs Gwendolyn Cleghorn ViceChair mam
52 Peachtree Way NE Atlanta Mrs Margaret Thrasher Route 6 Box 655 Griffin Major Childress
2156 Meador Ave SE Atlanta James W McAllister 303 Waverly Way LaGrange Shelly McGill P 0 Box 246 Fitzgerald Marvin Fralish
4348 Tucker North Court Tucker Mrs Gwendolyn Mundy Route 1 Box 390 Oakwood Dr Milton S McDonald Chairman P 0 Box W Mount Berry Dr C H Morse P O Box 145 Fort Valley Dr James Donald Hawk 401 Wilburn Circle Statesboro Dr Joseph A Williams 185 Rock Glenn Athens
52
Richard Owens
Douglas Road Ocilla Dr H Titus Singletary Jr
Department of Education 201 State Office Building Atlanta
STATE PROPERTIES COMMISSION Governor Chairman State Auditor ViceChairman Secretary of State Secretary
Director Fiscal Division Department of Administrative
Services
Zell Miller
Room 418 State Capitol James Mason
PO Box 326 Snellville John B Amos
1932 Wynnton Road Columbus J Floyd Harrington
120 N Elbert Street Milledgeville Bart E Shea
PO Box 9582 Savannah Jack Cole
PO Box 626 Dalton
GEORGIA RESIDENTIAL FINANCE AUTHORITY 2163 Northlake Parkway Bldg 1 Suite 101 Tucker Thomas T Sonny Shealy Chairman 577 Mulberry St Macon Charles W Yeargin ViceChairman 320 Elbert St Elberton
Permanent members Governor Commissioner of Department of Industry and Trade State Auditor Director of the Financing and Investment Division of the Georgia State Financing and Investment Commission
Exofficio member The Executive Director of the Authority
SAFETY Board of Public Franklin Thornton
Walton County Courthouse Monroe Edward H Burruss PO Box 649 Marietta J Lane Johnston
District Attorney Ogeechee Judicial Circuit Statesboro
53
Ted King ViceChairman 125 Perimeter Center West Atlanta Ralph Washington
900 Durant Place NE Apt 2 Atlanta Robert S Kennemur 2818 Bark Avenue Cairo
Exofficio members Governor Chairman Attorney General Commissioner of the Department of Offender Rehabilitation
SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION COMMITTEE State Garland Thompson PO Box 953 Douglas Frank 0 Crawford 520 Morgan Valley Road Rockmart Amon Corn Chairman Route 1 Cumming J Frank Murrah 299 Wall Street Richland H Crawford Hewell ViceChairman 380 Hewell Road Jonesboro
Exofficio members Director State Agricultural Extension Service Commissioner Department of Natural Resources Director Georgia Agricultural Experiment Stations Executive Director Agricultural Stabilization Conservation Service Georgia State Director Farmers Home Administration Director Southern Piedmont Conservation Research Center President Georgia Association of Conservaron Districts Director Georgia Forestry Commission Georgia Supervisor of Natural Forests of the US Forestry Service State Conservationist of the Soil Conservation Service Dean of the State College of Agriculture Athens Georgia Director Vocational Agriculture in Georgia Commissioner of Agriculture of Georgia and such other representatives of State or Federal agencies as the State Committee deems desirable
SOUTHEASTERN ADVISORY COMMITTEE
INTERSTATE FOREST FIRE PROTECTION COMPACT Advisory Committee
Bob D Gilbert LaFayette
54
C L Rhodes Jr
Siloam
Exofficio member Commissioner of Dept of Natural Resources as Compact Administrator for the State of Georgia Chairman
SOUTHERN REGIONAL EDUCATION Board of Control for Dr Prince Albert Jackson Jr
Savannah State College Savannah Lamar R Plunkett
50 Morris Street Bowdon George L Simpson Jr
Rm 468 New State Office Bldg Atlanta Paul C Broun
165 Pulaski St Athens Exofficio member Governor The Honorable James B Hunt Jr Chairman Governor of North Carolina Dr Otis A Singletary ViceChairman President University of Kentucky
STONE MOUNTAIN MEMORIAL ASSOCIATION Mrs Susan Anthony
1254 Hillcrest Way Lawrenceville George M D John Hunt III Box 1005 Tifton J Michael Florence
2213 Willivee Place Decatur
Exofficio members Attorney General Chairman Commissioner of Agriculture ViceChairman Chairman of Public Service Commission Secretary of State
TOLLWAY AUTHORITY State
Exofficio members Governor Commissioner State Dept of Transportation Director Office of Planning and Budget
STATE TRANSPORTATION BOARD J 0 Bacon1st Cong Dist
Pembroke
Hugh D Broome2nd Cong Dist
Donalsonville
Frank Morast Jr Chairman3rd Cong Dist
P 0 Box 57 Columbus
55
William M Evans4th Cohg Dist
5390 Silver Hill Trail Stone Mountain Peyton S Hawes Jr5th Cong Dist
2467 Montview Drive N W Atlanta Young H Longino6th Cong Dist ViceChairman PO Box 37 Fairburn Tom Mitchell7th Cong Dist
P 0 Box 1051 Dalton James L Jimmy Conner8th Cong Dist
Hazlehurst
William Troy Simpson9th Cong Dist
Cornelia
Tom C Carr10th Cong Dist
313 North Smith Street Sandersville
UNIVERSITY SYSTEM OF GEORGIA Board of Regents Erwin A Friedman1st Cong Dist
14 East State St Savannah Charles T Oxford2nd Cong Dist Chairman 2411 Double Gate Dr Albany Dr John H Robinson III3rd Cong Dist
629 E Forsyth Americus Scott Candler Jr4th Cong Dist
P 0 Box 57 Decatur Eldridge W McMillian5th Cong Dist
2167 Bent Creek Way SW Atlanta David Tisinger6th Cong Dist
202 Tanner St Carrollton James D Maddox7th Cong Dist
102 E 2nd Avenue Rome Charles A Harris8th Cong Dist
P 0 Box 5 Ocilla
P R Bobby Smiths9th Cong Dist
Route 2 Winder
Carey Williams10th Cong Dist
Greensboro
0 Torbitt Ivey Jr State at Large
P 0 Box 1415 Augusta Jesse Hill JrState at Large 731 Lynn Circle SW Atlanta Rufus B CoodyState at Large Route 3 Vienna
56
Lamar R PlunkettState at Large PO Box 399 Bowdon
Jones State at Large ViceChairman P 0 Box 2607 Columbus
VETERANS SERVICE State Board of B L Hawkins Chairman Railroad Ave Gainesville R D Smith Jr ViceChairman 4695 N Peachtree Rd Atlanta Tommy Clack 81 Rue Fontaine Decatur Hugh H Howell Jr
1505 Rock Springs Circle N E Atlanta Norman W Miller II 2190 Boulevard Granada SW Atlanta Emmett W Gore Jr
608 Villa Crest Ave Macon Jere N Moore
751 Habersham Milledgeville
State Advisory Council
Robert L White
6701 Roswell Road NE Atlanta Roy L Simmons Jr
LockheedGeorgia Company Zone 34 Marietta Howard L Weeks
501 Pulliam Street SW Room 445 Atlanta xvaiph Broadwater
Wharton Drive SW Atlanta William C Baisley
1907 Courtland Lane Dalton George R Bagley Route 6 Cumming Betsy D Moultrie 238 Lane Circle LaGrange John R Hawkins PO Box 385 Lincolnton Jimmy Hodge Timmons
132 South Woodlawn Street Blakely Aaron O Cook ViceChairman 1065 Anthony Road Macon
F Sibley Bryan Jr
500 Sibley Avenue Union Point
Richard C Owens PO Box 45 Odila Philip A Jones
501 Pulliam Street SW Room 150 Atlanta Earl H Thurmond Sr
2806 Oakland Avenue Augusta W Richard Shinhoster 2001 Cynthia Street Savannah Kathleen D Crouch
Georgia State University University Plaza Atlanta Filomena T Mullis
4590 Northside Drive Macon L L Phillips
PO Box 166 Soperton Penn Worden Jr
1200 Commerce Building Atlanta James O Bohanan
Department of Industry and Trade PO Box 1776 Atlanta Dr John W Teel
Brunswick Junior College Atlanta at Fourth St Brunswick Larry Little
Dalton Junior College PO Box 2168 Dalton Ellen B Coody Chairman
35 Executive Park Drive NE Atlanta Fred W Rieh
1280 West Peachtree Street NW Atlanta Harley F Davidson Jr
Baldwin Area Vocational High School Georgia Highway 49 West Milledgeville Dr Margaret M Sullivan Brenau College Gainesville J Homer Hefner
Pickens County Area VocationalTechnical School
Burnt Mountain Road Jasper Dr James G Ricketts PO Box 3877 Jackson Dr Doris H Adams
Fort Valley State College Fort Valley Dr George S Whatley
1920 Warm Springs Road Columbus Nellie P Hoenes
270 Washington Street SW Atlanta Johnny Hamilton Jr
Suite 226 235 Roosevelt Avenue Albany 58
Dr Howard Jordan
244 Washington Street SW Atlanta Lynda S Weissman
1953 Timothy Drive NE Atlanta Terry C Hughes
941 McLinden Avenue Smyrna
WOMEN Commission on the Status of Suzanne Donner Chair
1425 Brawley Circle NE Chamblee Pat Weerts ViceChair 129 Glendale Ave Decatur
WORKMENS COMPENSATION MEDICAL BOARD Dr A B Conger Chairman
Doctors Bldg Suite 206 711 Center Street Columbus Dr Paul L Bradley
202 W Waugh Street Dalton Dr Beverly B Sanders Jr
700 Spring Street Macon Dr Albert M Davis
75 Piedmont Ave NE Suite 500 Atlanta Dr J D Christian Jr
1130 Peachtree Road Augusta
GEO L SMITH II GEORGIA WORLD CONGRESS CENTER AUTHORITY
285 Magnolia St N WAtlanta 30316 Julius F Bishop
Mayor City of Athens City Hall Athens Herman J Russell
504 Fair Street SW Atlanta Jasper N Dorsey
P O Box 3231 Atlanta Gene Dyson Chairman
181 Washington St SW Atlanta Billy G Fallin
PO Box 665 Moultrie John T Fleetwood Sr
P O Box 70 Cartersville Ray W Gunnin
Box 49 Spalding Drive Norcross Sam Ayoub
4690 Paran Valley Rd NW Atlanta
Nick Mamalakis 7 Bay Street East Savannah Hugh Lawson
328 Commerce St Hawkinsville Frank Neel ViceChairman 521 Smith Avenue Thomasville John M Pope
Box 876 Rawley Road Americus Ford B Spinks Room 158
244 Washington St SW Atlanta 30334 Roger Schoerner
Southwire Company Carrollton
PROFESSIONAL EXAMINING BOARDS Division of Secretary of State
166 Pryor St S W Atlanta James E Skrine Joint Secretary Mrs Shirley Cowart Deputy Joint Secretary
ACCOUNTANCY State Board of James E Bates
203 Wisteria Drive N E Gainesville Wilbert H Schwotzer 35 Broad St NW Suite 1300 Atlanta Charles W Jenkins P O Box 3069 Albany Mrs Elizabeth A Sterling ViceChairman 3340 Peachtree Rd NE Atlanta Ernest M Acree Chairman P O Box 39 Dalton
ARCHITECTS State Board for Examination Qualification and Registration of Thomas H Brookbank Chairman 1661 Thirteenth St Columbus Bernard B Rothschild ViceChairman 44 Broad St NW Atlanta N A Jacobs Jr
1384 Springdale Rd N E Gainesville Walter T Carry
1819 Peachtree Road Atlanta Zeb Vance Lackey 108 E College St Valdosta
60
ATHLETIC TRAINERS GEORGIA BOARD of Jerry Rhea
521 Capitol Ave SW Atlanta Leonidas S Epps Jr
Clark College Atlanta Fred L Allman Jr MD
615 Peachtree St NE Suite 1100 Atlanta
GEORGIA AUCTIONEERS COMMISSION Joe Ellis
Route 11 Hidden Harbor Road Gainesville Roy H Holland P 0 Box 14 Dexter Ben G Hudson Jr Chairman 3683 Houston Avenue Macon John L Gross ViceChairman Route 5 Huntington Road Rome Lynn Dempsey
302 W Third Street Rome
BARBERS Georgia State Board of Melvin A Clay ViceChairman 16 Jefferson Drive Rome Garnett Ben Johnson Jr
1750 Commerce Drive Atlanta Donald A Wade Chairman Route 2 Alma
CHIROPRACTIC EXAMINERS Georgia Board of Dr Stanley H Merica PO Box 1011 Milledgeville Dr Donald N Parkerson ViceChairman 701 Anson Ave Eastman Dr Gerald W Holloway Quitman
Dr Eugene E Sparlin 923 Dill Ave S W Atlanta Dr Deane Mink Chairman 200 E Gordon St Valdosta
COSMETOLOGY Georgia State Board of Mrs Ruth Reddy Chairman P O Box 516 Hahira Mrs Mary Bryant Milam ViceChairman Box 250 Palmetto
Ms Clarissa Hulsey
1350 Thompson Bridge Road Gainesville Mrs Edna West
302 Ponce de Leon Place Decatur Mary C Stinson 1415 Spellman Ave Griffin
DENTISTRY Georgia Board of Dr William R Jerles Box 58 Perry Dr Richard B Ross 301 Broome Street LaGrange Irving DeGaris 706 Dixie Street Carrollton Dr Marilyn E Stone Apt 20161501 Clairmont Rd Decatur Dr Ernest R Burriss Jr
721 East 66th Street Savannah Dr Robert H Jordan 2775 Engle Rd NW Atlanta Dr Ronald E Harrell Chairman Donalsonville Dr George J Schuette 2705 Church St East Point Dr Lewis H Williams ViceChairman P O Box 967 Toccoa
ELECTRICAL CONTRACTORS Georgia State Board of Paul C Rosser
3794 Land OLakes Drive Atlanta P J Wise Plains
Brice Bishop
Chief Inspector City of Athens Athens William P McCuen ViceChairman 820 E 70th Street Savannah Bill E Grice Chairman 750 Austin Drive S E Smyrna Charles Harry McLendon Route 1 Christian Circle Conyers Joe N Guy
830 Overhill Court N W Atlanta
62
ENGINEERS AND LAND SURVEYORS State Board of Registration for Professional Emory C Parrish Chairman
Dept of Transportation 2 Capitol Square Atlanta James L Kelly
PO 8107 Columbus T E Stivers P 0 Box 608 Decatur Thomas M Wilson ViceChairman 96 Church Road Smyrna Preston E Newman 188 15th St N W Atlanta Donald P Spann Executive Director 166 Pryor St S W Atlanta
FORESTERS State Board of Registration for John F Sisley Chairman P 0 Box 1551 Rome Jack M Hall
Franklin Heights Meigs Post Road Moultrie W N Haynes
Union Camp Corp PO Box 1391 Savannah Vaughn H Hofeldt
PO Box 2224 Gainesville Archie E Patterson ViceChairman School of Forest Resources University of Georgia Athens
FUNERAL SERVICE Georgia State Board of William S Hutchings 536 New St Macon Ernest C Huey Canton
Benjamin Hatcher 820 Wright Street Thomasville George L DeLoach Waynesboro
Robert A Ryan Jr VicePresident P 0 Box 157 Wildwood J Gary Curry President P O Box 379 Swainsboro
63
GEOLOGISTS State Board of Registration for Professional Dr Howard R Cramer Chairman Geology Department Emory University Atlanta James W Erwin
U S Army Corps of Engineers South Atlantic District
30 Pryor Street Atlanta Charles R Livingston ViceChairman
Livingston Associates 2971 Flowers Road South Atlanta John M Smith
Georgia Kaolin Company Dry Branch James B Talley
Department of Natural Resources 815 TrinityWashington Bldg Atlanta
Exofficio member Sam Pickering Department of Natural Resources 815 TrinityWashington Bldg Atlanta
HEARING AID DEALERS AND DISPENSERS Georgia State Board of Hugh Bray Chairman 7330 Lullwater Road Columbus George Vollhaber
1503 N Decatur Rd N E Atlanta Mary Evelyn Walker 67 North Park Circle Marietta Ishmael C Childs
3442 Spring Circle Decatur
LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTS Georgia State Board of Donna F Vann
Georgia Southern College Landrum Box 8012 Statesboro William E Berry 115 Hancock Lane Athens William A Spooner Chairman 87 Walton Street Atlanta
LIBRARIANS State Board for the Certification of Mrs Roy Bowen Swainsboro High Swainsboro Dr Virginia L Jones ViceChairman 223 Chestnut St S W Atlanta University Atlanta Mrs Elizabeth Moore 207 Coney Street Dublin
64
Delmas Wheeler Chairman 106 Morningside Dr Vidalia Exofficio member Secretary Georgia Library Commission
MARRIAGE AND FAMILY COUNSELOR LICENSING BOARD Georgia
Charles R Holloman Augusta College Augusta Edwin H Jolley
The Bradley Hospital 2000 16th Avenue Columbus Donald C Murphy ViceChairman University of Georgia Gilbert Health Center Athens James E Kilgore Chairman 204 Northside Medical Center 275 Carpenter Drive NE Atlanta Carrell A Dammann 281 Boulevard N E Atlanta Naomi T Ward
3965 Rutgers Drive SW Atlanta Frances S Nagata
5675 PeachtreeDunwoody Road C522 Atlanta
MEDICAL EXAMINERS Composite State Board of Dr Hassie H Trimble Jr DO State at Large 17 West Central Ave Moultrie Dr Albert M Deal 1st Cong District P O Box 420 Statesboro Dr William J Morton 2nd Cong District P O Box 420 Cairo Dr Robert R Maughon 3rd Cong Dist
1953 7th St Columbus Dr M Virginia Tuggle 4th Cong District 1336 Columbia Drive Decatur Dr Bernard J Bridges 5th Cong District 2600 Gordon Road SW Atlanta Dr J Watts Lipscomb 6th Cong Dist
6185 Jonesboro Road Morrow Dr George T Mims 7th Cong District Rt 4 GordonCombs Rd Marietta Dr Duncan Farris 8th Cong District P O Box 177 Waycross
Dr Robert E Thompson Vice President 9th Cong District 800 E Doyle Street Toccoa
65
Dr John B ONeal III 10th Cong Dist
33 Chestnut St Elberton Dr A R Haight DO PresidentState at Large 2170 Idlewood Rd Tucker C L Clifton Executive Director 166 Pryor St S W Atlanta
GEORGIA BOARD OF NURSING Sister Mary Antonette Martinko RN
St Marys Hospital Athens
Mrs Rosella Deriso R N Director of Nursing Education Georgia Southwestern College Americus Jimmy L Chastain
R T Jones Memorial Hospital PO Box 906 Canton Frances H Evans
Medical Center of Central Georgia PO Box 6000 Macon Mrs Verdelle B Bellamy R N ViceChairman Veterans Administration Hospital 1670 Clairmont Road Decatur Ms Charlotte Sachs RN Chairman
Director of Nursing Education Kennesaw Junior College
M o pffji
Ms Patricia N Connell RN
Trenton
Mrs Nancy Rowse Dean Executive Director 166 Pryor St SW Atlanta
LICENSED PRACTICAL NURSES Georgia Board of Examiners of Mrs Kathleen Mull Chairman Rt 2 Box 1086 Hampton Mrs Gladys A Blackwell Rt 1 Box 163 College Park Mrs Iula Stiggers Rt 1 Box 440 West Point Ms Roselle Tobias ViceChairman 101 Griggs Street Marietta Mrs Grace B Knight Route 1 Hiawassee
NURSING HOME ADMINSTRATORS Georgia State Board of George F Green M D
325 East Broad Street Sparta
66
Harvey R Bauguess
A G Rhodes Home 350 Boulevard SE Atlanta Paula M Bingham
11 Public Square Dahlonega Sylvia F Andrews ViceChairman 2038 Luxuria Court Tucker James R Westbury
Westbury Medical Care Home Jenkinsburg Selena D Dunn
Henrietta Egleston Hospital 1045 Clifton Rd NE Atlanta C O Templeton M D
P 0 Box 702 Valdosta Harley C Morrison
703 Drayton Street Savannah Solomon Nixon
PO Box 143 Tifton Colan C Taylor
PO Box 356 Metter W Kenneth Carithers 315 Upper Riverdale Rd Riverdale Ben E Crawford
1387 US Highway 41 North Calhoun
E C Nelson Chairman
Green Acres Nursing Home Allen Memorial Drive Milledgeville
Exofficio member Commissioner Dept of Human Resources
OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY Georgia State Board of David D Clark
Grady Memorial Hospital 80 Butler St SE Atlanta Beverly U Currie
6422 Cherry Tree Lane N E Atlanta Susan T March VicePresident DeKalb General Hospital 2701 North Decatur Road Decatur Nancy Moulin President
Medical College of Georgia School of Allied Health Services Augusta Betty B Neves
Medical College of Georgia School of Allied Health Services Augusta
OPTICIANS State Board of Dispensing George Dobbs Rome
67
John C Eldridge Chairman 2705 Church St East Point Stephen E Sanford 15th East 67th St Savannah William Jennings Murphy 1500 Johns Rd Augusta Franklin T Coleman Jr ViceChairman
101 N Jackson Albany
OPTOMETRY Georgia State Board of Examiners in Dr I Dell Engram Jr
180 W Broad Street Fairburn Dr William H Shuman ViceChairman 445A East Clayton St Athens Dr B E Popham 210 N Marble Rockmart Dr L Wayne Brown 352 W Club Drive Carrollton Dr William W Cuthbertson Chairman
102 Larkin Street Cornelia
PHARMACY Georgia State Board of
I Pete Mills Jr VicePresident 201 East Cotton Avenue Millen Martin T Grizzard 1109 Highway 19 North Thomaston Arthur Hugh Redding Blakely
Eugene L Argo
2520 North Decatur Road Decatur William A Atkins President A M Drugs Spring Road Smyrna
PHYSICAL THERAPY Georgia State Board of Miss Glory Sanders Chairman
3272 Pine Stream Rd NE Atlanta Charles E Hackney 2185 2nd Ave Decatur Mrs Frances A Curtiss ViceChairman 3265 Valley Rd NW Atlanta Mrs Pat Swain Costen 3302 Ansley Court Augusta Jeanelle T Edwards
3601 Shannon Road Albany
68
PLUMBING CONTRACTORS State Board of Examiners of Claude Daniel1st Cong Dist
722 E 39th St Savannah John Gay2nd Cong Dist
PO Box 1867 Albany
J C Bray3rd Cong Dist Chairman 2807 Norris Rd Columbus Charles Ingram4th Cong Dist
2037 S Candler Rd Decatur Dwayne L Brown5th Cong Dist
559 Tara Trail N W Atlanta Paul T Addis6th Cong Dist
4446 Glade Rd Forest Park Virgil B Harper Jr7th Cong Dist ViceChairman Rt 2 Johnson Ferry Rd Marietta R J Roebuck8th Cong Dist
1107 Cedar St Brunswick
B L Hawkins9th Cong Dist
Industrial Blvd Gainesville
10th Cong Dist
G Sidney Hampton
2452 Antwerp Dr SE Atlanta Marion Lee
4597 Darlene Way Tucker James D Dorsey
481 Page Ave NE Atlanta Wylie Mitchell
819 Blossom St S W Atlanta Rupert W Bazemore
120 Romml Ave Garden City
PODIATRY EXAMINERS State Board of Dr Glenn Dowling Chairman 425 Pine Albany Dr A R Pitts
2200 N Patterson St Valdosta Dr N Arvid Vasenden
337 S Millege Ave Athens
POLYGRAPH EXAMINERS Board of W A Robinson Chairman
1836 Meadow Glades Dr Decatur
69
Walter H Maddox Jr
4371 Glenwood Rd Apt Ll Decatur
S W Brown
164812th Ave Columbus Terrell D Craven
120 Hanover PL Apt 3 Athens James Huckabee ViceChairman 68 Brookwood Dr NE Atlanta Joe H McDuffie
51 Spruill Springs Road Atlanta
PRIVATE DETECTIVE AND PRIVATE SECURITY AGENCIES Georgia Board o
Steven Van Cleave
Suite 118 175 West Wieuca Rd Atlanta John B F Dillon Jr ViceChairman 2726 Parkview Drive N E Atlanta L Chandler Eavenson
3552 N Druid Hills Road Decatur Bob Hightower Chairman Director of Public Safety Cobb County Courthouse Marietta J Ransome Chief Holland Chief of Security
Union Camp Corporation Savannah John W Crunkleton
Chief of Police Lawrenceville
PSYCHOLOGISTS State Board of Examiners of Dr Prentiss M Hosford
1080 Northcliffe Dr Atlanta Dr Virginia Zachert ViceChairman Medical College of Georgia Augusta Dr J Frank Clark
1932 Clairmont Road Decatur Dr Boyd D Sisson
Medical College of Georgia Augusta
REAL ESTATE COMMISSION Georgia
C Dan Blackshear Chairman 1500 Dawson Rd Albany Mrs Patsy G Cooper
1355 13th Ave Columbus
70
Harold A Dawson ViceChairman Suite 301
2945 Stone Hogan Road SW Atlanta Raymond A Miles
502 W Shotwell Bainbridge Ralph NeSmith
1410 Mall Blvd Savannah Charles Clark Commissioner 166 Pryor Street SW Atlanta
RECREATION EXAMINERS OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Board of James R Champlin Chairman
CoOrd Parks Rec University of Georgia Athens Dr H Douglas Leavitt
Head Recreation Curr Ga Southern College Statesboro Jimmy Miller
Cobb County Recreation Dept Marietta Claude M Lewis
PO Box 960 Warner Robins
SANITARIANS Georgia Board of Registered Professional Dorman A Collins
6108 West Brook Drive Columbus John R Rogers VicePresident PO Box 1226 Dublin Thomas W McKinley President 47 Trinity Avenue Room 313H Atlanta Herbert B Henderson
135 Fortson Drive Athens Joseph W McIntosh
Columbus College Health Science Division Columbus Walter S Lanter
Pabst Brewing Company Highway Spur 247 Perry J Lewis Tinley
Georgia Department of Natural Resources
270 Washington St SW Atlanta
SPEECH PATHOLOGY AND AUDIOLOGY State Board of Examiners for Julia W Hand
1460 Moores Mill Road NW Atlanta
71
Larae Bennett
2700 Green Meadow Dr Valdosta Dr Lawrence L Durisch Jr
304 S Enota Drive Gainesville Ms Marcia M Arnold Chairman 2300 N Patterson Street Hillcrest Apts 34 Valdosta W R Neal Jr ViceChairman U of Ga 564 Aderhold Hall Athens Dr Winfred Harris
Clark College 240 Chestnut Street S W Atlanta John C Bess
355 North Garden Lane Atlanta
STRUCTURAL PEST CONTROL COMMISSION John D Adams
Adams Exterminating Company 300 South Magnolia St Albany James H Knox
Biltmore Exterminating Company Inc
4323 Hamilton Avenue Columbus
Robert M Russell Chairman Orkin Exterminating Co Inc PO Box 647 Atlanta
ExOfficio members
Willie B Thompson
Department of Human Resources 47 Trinity Ave SW Atlanta
Dr Horace O Lund
Department of Entomology University of Georgia Athens
Carl M Scott Jr ViceChairman Director Division of Entomology Agriculture Bldg Room 304 Atlanta
USED CAR DEALERS State Board of Registration of C B Altman 1st Cong Dist
Altman Pontiac Co Statesboro
2nd Cong Dist
Eric S Dougherty Chairman 3rd Cong Dist
2943 Auburn Ave Columbus Ski Bashinski Jr 4th Cong Dist
Rm 129 3009 Rainbow Dr Decatur
72
William E Clark 5th Cong Dist
Sylvan Motors 3511 Heritage Valley Rd SW Atlanta Robert J Eubanks 6th Cong Dist
Randall Blakely Inc
1000 W Taylor Griffin David Brackett 7th Cong Dist
B W Motor Car Co 1013 Martha Berry Blvd Rome James W King 8th Cong District Kings Used Cars Inc
891 Second Street Macon Jim Pethel 9th Cong Dist ViceChairman 104 Grove St S W Gainesville
V Jack Craven 10th Cong Dist
Ga Rrd Bank Trust Co
699 Broad Street Augusta
DEALERS IN USED MOTOR VEHICLE PARTS
State Board of Registration for
Steve Whitmire Chairman P O Box 324 Conyers Hugh Blanton
Blanton Auto Parts Valdosta Roy Holland Dexter
Charles Holcomb
Sheriff Watkinsville
B M Pike
130 Lakeside Dr Griffin Lester Kennedy
RFD 1 Commerce Marion Smith II
1858 Anjaco Rd NW Atlanta
H T Sullivan P O Box 2262 Macon William A Baxter 825 DAntignac Street Augusta George T Brown ViceChairman AAA Auto Parts P O Box 6553 200 Brennan Road Columbus
73
VETERINARY MEDICINE State Board of Dr Herman Westmoreland 1432 Riverside Drive Macon Dr W F Bozeman Adel
Dr J H Sharman VicePresident 1601 East Broad Ave Albany Dr Horace G Blalock Jr President 2124 Highland Avenue Augusta Dr George W Patton Jr
3266 Main Street College Park
WARM AIR HEATING CONTRACTORS State Board of Examiners of
John G Mauldin Chairman 3073 Panthersville Rd Decatur Bob Wesley Dean 3482 Piedmont Rd NE Atlanta R L Reiley
112 Tyler Terrace West Point M A Smith Jr
Inspection Department DeKalb County Decatur Ashley Hardage Thomas
Exec Dir Maintenance Operation Atlanta Public Schools 224 Central Ave Atlanta
WATER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT OPERATORS State Board of Examiners for Certification of L C Harrison
822 TrinityWashington Building Atlanta Calvin F Simmons
Cobb CountyMarietta Water Authority PO Box 540 Acworth
James C Fincher
Water Pollution Control Plant 218 Black Bluff Road Rome J Harry Simmons Chairman Post Office Box 95 Griffin William J Greene Jr
Wiedman and Singleton Engineers 1789 Peachtree Rd Atlanta
74
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
COMMITTEES
of the
STATE SENATE
76
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL OFFICERS OF THE SENATE 1977
ZELL MILLER Lieutenant Governor President
AL HOLLOWAY President Pro Tempore
HAMILTON McWHORTER JR Secretary of the Senate
WALT BELLAMY Doorkeeper
WINSTON PITTMAN Messenger
JOHN R RILEY Majority Leader
PAUL D COVERDELL Minority Leader
TERRELL STARR Administration Floor Leader
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
77
MEMBERS OF THE
SENATE OF GEORGIA
ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED ACCORDING TO NAMES WITH DISTRICTS AND POST OFFICES
FOR THE TERM 19771978
Senators
District Address
Thomas F Allgood 22nd
W D Don Ballard 45th
Peter L Banks 17th
Ed Barker 18th
Roy E Barnes 33rd
Robert H Bell 5th
Julian Bond 39th
Haskew H Brantley Jr56th
Paul C Broun 46th
M Parks Brown47th
Hugh A Carter14th
Paul D Coverdell 40th
Nathan Dean 31st
PO Box 1523 Augusta Ga 30903 1122 Monticello Street Covington Ga 30209 314 Thomaston Street Barnesville Ga 30204 PO Box KK Warner Robins Ga 31093
639 Maran Mableton Ga 30059 2535 Henderson Mill Rd NE
Atlanta Ga 30345 DeKalb County
361 Westview Drive
SW
Atlanta Ga 30310 6114 Riverside Dr NW Atlanta Ga 30328 165 Pulaski Street Athens Ga 30601 PO Box 37 Hartwell Ga 30643 PO Box 97 Plains Ga 31780 Suite 607
1447 Peachtree St NE Atlanta Ga 30309 PO Box 606 Rockmart Ga 30153
78 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Senators District Address
Roscoe E Dean Jr6th612 Cherry Street
Jesup Ga 31545
Sam W Doss Jr 52ndP O Box 431
Rome Ga 30161
J Ebb Duncan 3tn PO Box 26
Carrollton Ga 30117
Frank Eldridge 7thPO Box 1968
Waycross Ga 31501
W F Bill English21stPO Box 521
Swainsboro Ga 30401
C Todd Evans 37th2914 National Bank of
Ga Bldg
Atlanta Ga 30303
W W Bill Fincher Jr54thPO Box 149
Chatsworth Ga 30705
John C Foster50thPO Box 100
Cornelia Ga 30531
Hugh M Gillis Sr 20thPO Box 148
Soperton Ga 30457
Richard L Greene26thSuite 517
First National Bank Bldg
Macon Ga 31201
Render Hill 29th PO Box 246
A1 Holloway 12th Greenville Ga 30222 PO Box 588
Pierre Howard Jr 42nd Albany Ga 31702 600 First National Bank
Floyd Hudgins 15th Bldg Decatur Ga 30030 2440 Manchester
Perry J Hudson 35th Expressway Columbus Ga 31904 3380 Old Jonesboro Rd
Edward H Ed Johnson 34th Hapeville Ga 30354 6510 Ashdale Drive
Joseph E Kennedy 4th College Park Ga 30349 PO Box 246
Culver Kidd 25th Claxton Ga 30417 P O Box 370
Milledgeville Ga 31061
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 79
Senators District Address
J Beverly Langford 51st P 0 Box 277 Calhoun Ga 30701
James L Jimmy Lester 23rd First Federal Savings Bldg 985 Broad Street Augusta Ga 30902
Sam P McGill 24th PO Box 520 Washington Ga 30673
Howard T Overby 49th PO Box 636 Gainesville Ga 30501
James L Jimmy Paulk 13th PO Box M Fitzgerald Ga 31750
H Norwood Pearce 16th PO Box 2312 Columbus Ga 31902
Steve Reynolds 48th PO Box 303 Lawrenceville Ga 30246
John R Riley 1st PO Box 9641 Savannah Ga 31402
W Lee Robinson 27th 864 Winchester Circle Macon Ga 31204
Henry P Russell Jr 10th Route 1
Boston Ga 31626
Thomas R Torn Scott 43rd 2887 Alameda Trail Decatur Ga 30034
Virginia Shapard 28th PO Drawer K Griffin Ga 30224
Terrell Starr 44th PO Box 545
Forest Park Ga 30050
Jack L Stephens 36th 2484 Macon Drive SE Atlanta Ga 30315
Lawrence Bud Stumbaugh 55th 1071 Yemassee Trail Stone Mountain Ga 30083
E G Summers 53rd PO Box 499 LaFayette Ga 30728
Franklin Sutton 9th Route 1 Norman Park Ga 31771
Horace E Tate 38th 621 Lilia Drive SW Atlanta Ga 30310
Joe Thompson 32nd PO Box 1045 Smyrna Ga 30080
0 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Senators District Address
Jimmy Hodge Timmonsllth132 S Woodlawn Street
Blakely Ga 31723
Mell Traylor3rdRoute 1 Box 94 A 1
Pembroke Ga 31321
Loyce Turner 8thPO Box 157
Valdosta Ga 31601
James W Tysinger 41st3781 Watkins Place NE
Atlanta Ga 30319
James Ronald Ronnie Walker 19thPO Box 461
McRae Ga 31055
Charles H Wessels2ndPO Box 9467
Savannah Ga 31402
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 81
MEMBERS OF THE
SENATE OF GEORGIA
IN NUMERICAL ORDER AND POST OFFICES
District Senators Address
1 John R Riley PO Box 9641 Savannah Ga 31402
2 Charles H Wessels PO Box 9467 Savannah Ga 31402
3 Mell Traylor Route 1 Box 94 A 1 Pembroke Ga 31321
4 Joseph E Kennedy PO Box 246 Claxton Ga 30417
5 Robert H Bell 2535 Henderson Mill Rd NE Atlanta Ga 30345 DeKalb County
6 Roscoe E Dean Jr 612 Cherry Street Jesup Ga 31545
7 Frank Eldridge PO Box 1968 Waycross Ga 31501
8 Loyce Turner PO Box 157 Valdosta Ga 31601
9 Franklin Sutton Route 1 Norman Park Ga 31771
10 Henry P Russell Jr Route 1 Boston Ga 31626
11 Jimmy Hodge Timmons 132 S Woodlawn Street Blakely Ga 31723
12 Al Holloway PO Box 588 Albany Ga 31702
13 James L Jimmy Paulk PO Box M Fitzgerald Ga 31750
14 Hugh A Carter PO Box 97 Plains Ga 31780
82
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
District Senators Address
15 Floyd Hudgins 2440 Manchester Expressway Columbus Ga 31904
16 H Norwood Pearce PO Box 2312 Columbus Ga 31902
17 Peter L Banks 314 Thomaston Street Barnesville Ga 30204
18 Ed Barker PO Box KK Warner Robins Ga 31093
19 James Ronald Ronnie Walker PO Box 461 McRae Ga 31055
20 Hugh M Gillis Sr PO Box 148 Soperton Ga 30457
21 W F Bill English PO Box 521 Swainsboro Ga 30401
22 Thomas F Allgood PO Box 1523 Augusta Ga 30903
23 James L Jimmy Lester First Federal Savings Bldg 985 Broad Street Augusta Ga 30902
M Sam P McGill PO Box 520 Washington Ga 30673
25 Culver Kidd PO Box 370 Milledgeville Ga 31061
26 Richard L Greene Suite 517 First National Bank Bldg Macon Ga 31201
27 W Lee Robinson 864 Winchester Circle Macon Ga 31204
28 Virginia Shapard PO Drawer K Griffin Ga 30224
29 Render Hill PO Box 246 Greenville Ga 30222
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
83
District Senators Address
30 J Ebb Duncan U PO Box 26 Carrollton Ga 30117
si Nathan Dean PO Box 606 Rockmart Ga 30153
32 Joe Thompson PO Box 1045 Smyrna Ga 30080
33 Roy E Barnes 639 Maran Mableton Ga 30059
34 Edward H Ed Johnson 6510 Ashdale Drive College Park Ga 30349
35 Perry J Hudson 3380 Old Jonesboro Rd Hapeville Ga 30354
36 Jack L Stephens 2484 Macon Drive SE Atlanta Ga 30315
37 C Todd Evans 2914 National Bank of Ga Bldg Atlanta Ga 30303
38 Horace E Tate 621 Lilia Drive SW Atlanta Ga 30310
39 Julian Bond 361 Westview Drive SW Atlanta Ga 30310
40 Paul D Coverdell Suite 607
1447 Peachtree St NE Atlanta Ga 30309
41 James W Tysinger 3781 Watkins Place NE Atlanta Ga 30319
42 Pierre Howard Jr 600 First National Bank
Bldg Decatur Ga 30030

43 Thomas R Tom Scott 2887 Alameda Trail Decatur Ga 30034
44 Terrell Starr P O Box 545 Forest Park Ga 30050
45 W D Don Ballard 1122 Monticello Street
Covington Ga 30209
84 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
District Senators Address
46 Paul C Broun 165 Pulaski Street Athens Ga 30601
47 M Parks Brown PO Box 37 Hartwell Ga 30643
48 Steve Reynolds PO Box 303 Lawrenceville Ga 30246
49 Howard T Overby PO Box 636 Gainesville Ga 30501
50 John C Foster PO Box 100 Cornelia Ga 30531
51 J Beverly Langford PO Box 277 Calhoun Ga 30701
52 Sam W Doss Jr PO Box 431 Rome Ga 30161
53 E G Summers PO Box 499 LaFayette Ga 30728
54 W W Bill Fincher Jr PO Box 149 Chatsworth Ga 30705
55 Lawrence Bud Stumbaugh 1071 Yemassee Trail Stone Mountain Ga 30083
56 Haskew H Brantley Jr 6114 Riverside Dr NW Atlanta Ga 30328
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
85
SEATING ARRANGEMENT AND DISTRICT NUMBERS OF THE GEORGIA STATE SENATE
Dist No Dist No
1st Riley 31st Dean
2nd Wessels 32nd Thompson
3rd Traylor 33rd Barnes
4th Kennedy 34th Johnson
5th Bell 35th Hudson
6th Dean 36th Stephens
7th Eldridge 37th Evans
8th Turner 38th Tate
9th Sutton 39th Bond
10th Russell 40th Coverdell
llth Timmons 41st Tysinger
12th Holloway 42nd Howard
13th Paulk 43rd Scott
14th Carter 44th Starr
15th Hudgins 45th Ballard
16th Pearce 46th Broun
17th Banks 47th Brown
18th Barker 48th Reynolds
19th Walker 49th Overby
20th Gillis 50th Foster
21st English 51st Langford
22nd Allgood 52nd Doss
23rd Lester 53rd Summers
24 th McGill 54th Fincher
25th Kidd 55th Stumbaugh
26th Greene 56th Brantley
27th Robinson Lt Gov Zell Miller
28th Shapard President of Senate
29th Hill Hamilton McWhorter Jr
30th Duncan Secretary of the Senate
86
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
87
STANDING COMMITTEES
OP THE
STATE SENATE
1978
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LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
AGRICULTURE
McGill of 24th Chairman Kennedy of 4th
Turner of 8th Vice Chairman Russell of 10th
Timmons of 11th Secretary Walker of 19th
English of 21st
APPROPRIATIONS
Broun of 46th Chairman Holloway of 12th Vice Chairman Doss of 52nd Secretary Carter of 14th Dean of 6th Duncan of 30th Fincher of 54th Gillis of 20th Hill of 29th Hudgins of 15th
Kennedy of 4th Lester of 23rd McGill of 24th Overby of 49th Riley of 1st Starr of 44th Stumbaugh of 55th Tate of 38th Thompson of 32nd
BANKING FINANCE AND INSURANCE
Lester of 23rd Chairman Duncan of 30th Vice Chairman Turner of 8th Secretary Banks of 17th Brantley of 56th Broun of 46th Coverdell of 40th Doss of 52nd
Gillis of 20th Holloway of 12th Hudgins of 15th Riley of 1st Starr of 44th Sutton of 9th Thompson of 32nd
Banking and Insurance Subcommittee
Duncan of 30th Chairman Brantley of 56th Coverdell of 40th Doss of 52nd
Gillis of 20th Holloway of 12th Starr of 44th
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Ways and Means Subcommittee
Turner of 8th Chairman Banks of 17th Broun of 46th Hudgins of 15th
Riley of 1st Starr of 44th Sutton of 9th Thompson of 32nd
CONSUMER AFFAIRS
Barker of 18th Chairman Shapard of 28th
Bond of 39th Vice Chairman Stephens of 36th
Robinson of 27th Secretary
COUNTY AND URBAN AFFAIRS
Sutton of 9th Chairman Bell of 5th
Walker of 19th Vice Chairman Paulk of 13th
Brantley of 56th Secretary
DEFENSE AND VETERANS AFFAIRS
Russell of 10th Chairman Hudgins of 15th
Robinson of 27th Vice Chairman Hudson of 35th Evans of 37th Secretary
ECONOMY REORGANIZATION AND EFFICIENCY IN GOVERNMENT
Langford of 51st Chairman Kidd of 25th Vice Chairman Bond of 39th Secretary Barker of 18th Dean of 6th Paulk of 13th
Robinson of 27th Russell of 10th Scott of 43rd Stephens of 36th Traylor of 3rd Wessels of 2nd
Reapportionment Subcommittee
Robinson of 27th Chairman Kidd of 25th
Barker of 18th Scott of 43rd
Bond of 39th
90 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
EDUCATION
Carter of 14th Chairman Shapard of 28th
Summers of 53rd Vice Chairman Starr of 44th Foster of 50th Secretary Stumbaugh of 55th
Dean of 31st Tate of 38th
Johnson of 34th Timmons of 11th
Scott of 43rd
Primary and Secondary Subcommittee
Shapard of 28th Chairman Summers of 53rd
Johnson of 34th Tate of 38th
Starr of 44th
Vocational and Technical Subcommittee
Timmons of 11th Chairman Scott of 43rd
Dean of 31st Stumbaugh of 55th
Foster of 50th
HIGHER EDUCATION
Doss of 52nd Chairman Banks of 17th
Traylor of 3rd Vice Chairman Broun of 46th
Bell of 5th Secretary Langford of 51st
Ballard of 45th Tysinger of 41st
Science and Technology Subcommittee
Tysinger of 41st Chairman Traylor of 3rd
Broun of 46th
HUMAN RESOURCES
Howard of 42nd Chairman Duncan of 30th
Fincher of 54th Vice Chairman Hudson of 35th
Greene of 26th Secretary Kidd of 25th
Bond of 39th Lester of 23rd
Brantley of 56th Shapard of 28th
Brown of 47th
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Mental Health Subcommittee
Duncan of 30th Chairman Lester of 23rd
Brown of 47th Shapard of 28th
Physical Health Subcommittee
Fincher of 54th Chairman Kidd of 25th
Hudson of 35th
Social Services and Vocational Rehabilitation Subcommittee
Brantley of 56th Chairman Greene of 26th
Bond of 39th
INDUSTRY LABOR AND TOURISM
Ballard of 45th Chairman Pearce of 16th Vice Chairman Scott of 43rd Secretary Foster of 50th
Hill of 29th Stephens of 36th Tysinger of 41st
Tourism Development Subcommittee
Stephens of 36th Chairman Scott of 43rd
Foster of 50th Tysinger of 41st
Hill of 29th
INTERSTATE COOPERATION
Hill of 29th Chairman McGill of 24th
Fincher of 54th Vice Chairman Overby of 49th
Eldridge of 7th Secretary
JUDICIARY
Overby of 49th Chairman Barnes of 33rd Vice Chairman Johnson of 34th Secretary Allgood of 22nd Ballard of 45th Banks of 17th Bell of 5th
Evans of 37th Greene of 26th Howard of 42nd Langford of 51st Pearce of 16th Stumbaugh of 55th Wessels of 2nd
92 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Civil Subcommittee
Pearce of 16th Chairman Howard of 42nd
Allgood of 22nd Johnson of 34th
Greene of 26th Langford of 51st
Criminal Subcommittee
Banks of 17th Chairman Ballard of 45th Barnes of 33rd Bell of 5ih
Evans of 37th Stumbaugh of 55th Wessels of 2nd
Law Enforcement Subcommittee
Bell of 5th Chairman Langford of 51st
Ballard of 45th
NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
Gillis of 20th Chairman Timmons of 11th
Hudson of 35th Vice Chairman Traylor of 3rd
English of 21st Secretary Turner of 8th
Dean of 31st Walker of 19th
Howard of 42nd
Game and Fish Subcommittee
Dean of 31st Chairman Hudson of 35th
Howard of 42nd
Parks and Historical Sites Subcommittee
English of 21st Chairman Walker of 9th
Traylor of 3rd
Resources and Environmental Control Subcommittee Timmons of 11th Chairman Turner of 8th
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OFFENDER REHABILITATION
Kennedy of 4th Chairman Eldridge of 7th
Foster of 50th Vice Chairman Greene of 26th
Paulk of 13th Secretary Summers of 53rd
Penal and Correctional Institutions Subcommittee
Foster of 50th Chairman Summers of 53rd
Paulk of 13th
Probation Pardons and Paroles Subcommittee Greene of 26th Chairman Eldridge of 7th
PUBLIC UTILITIES
Brown of 47th Chairman Reynolds of 48th
Dean of 6th Vice Chairman Tysinger of 41st
Allgood of 22nd Secretary
RETIREMENT
Summers of 53rd Chairman English of 21st
Tate of 38th Vice Chairman Thompson of 32nd
Coverdell of 40th Secretary
RULES
Eldridge of 7th Chairman Riley of 1st Vice Chairman Reynolds of 48th Secretary Barker of 18th Barnes of 33rd Carter of 14th
Coverdell of 40th Holloway of 12th Johnson of 34th Kidd of 25th Pearce of 16th Sutton of 9th
Audit Subcommittee
Barnes of 33rd Chairman Eldridge of 7th
Barker of 18th Reynolds of 48th
Coverdell of 40th
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LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Enrolling and Journals Subcommittee
Johnson of 34th Chairman Coverdell of 40th
Carter of 14th
Senate Administrative Affairs Subcommittee
Barker of 18th Chairman Riley of 1st
Holloway of 12th
TRANSPORTATION
Reynolds of 48th Chairman Barnes of 33rd
Dean of 31st Vice Chairman Brown of 47th
Wessels of 2nd Secretary Evans of 37th
Allgood of 22nd
Highways and Motor Vehicles Subcommittee
Dean of 31st Chairman Brown of 47th
Barnes of 33rd
State Ports Subcommittee
Wessels of 2nd Chairman Evans of 37th
Allgood of 22nd
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL FISCAL AFFAIRS SUBCOMMITTEE Senate and House
95
Senator Broun of 46th Senator Carter of 14th Senator Doss of 52nd Senator Fincher of 54th Senator Holloway of 12th Senator Howard of 42nd Senator Langford of 51st Senator Riley of 1st Senator Starr of 44th
Representative Buck of 95th Representative Collins of 144th Representative Harris of 8th Representative Hill of 127th Representative Knight of 67th Representative Lee of 72nd Representative Vaughn of 57th Representative Walker of 115th Representative Wood of 9th
WORLD CONGRESS CENTER AUTHORITY OVERVIEW COMMITTEE
Senate and House
Senator Dean of 31st Representative Carnes of 43rd
Senator Duncan of 30th Representative
Senator Hudson of 35th McDonald of 12th
Representative Triplett of 128th

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ORGANIZATION
Rule 1 The legislative power of the State shall be vested in a General Assembly which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives
Ga Const art Ill sec I par I
Rule 2 The Senate and House of Representatives shall be organized by the Secretary or Clerk thereof who shall be ex officio presiding officer until such officer is elected No question except one relating to the organization shall be entertained by such officer and in deciding such question he shall be governed as far as practicable by the standing rules of the House over which he presides In the absence of such officer his assistant may officiate In the absence of both the body may appoint a chairman whose powers and duties shall be the same as those of the Secretary or Clerk
Ga Code Ann sec 47104
Rule 3 The Lieutenant Governor shall be President of the Senate
Ga Const art V sec I par VII
Rule 4 The presiding officer of the Senate shall be styled the President of the Senate A President Pro Tempore shall be elected viva voce from the Senators and shall act in case of the death resignation or disability of the President or in the event of his succession to the executive power
Ga Const art Ill sec V par II
Rule 5 The Senate shall elect a President Pro Tempore viva voce and a majority of the votes
Legislative power and bodies
Organization by Secretary or assistant or chairman
Lt Governor as President
Presiding Officer President Pro Tem election and powers
President Pro Tem election and powers
100 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL cast shall be necessary to a choice whose powers and duties while presiding or in the absence of the permanent officers shall be the same as the President of the Senate Ga Code Ann sec 47106
Officers and assistants Rule 6 The officers of the two Houses other than the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House shall be a President Pro Tempore and Secretary of the Senate and Speaker Pro Tempore and Clerk of the House of Representatives and such assistants as each House may provide for Ga Const art Ill sec VIII Par I
Doorkeepers limited Rule 7 Not more than one 1 Doorkeeper and not more than twelve 12 assistant doorkeepers shall be employed during each day in which the Senate is in session
Seats Rule 8 Senators elected to the following offices shall choose their Senate seats in the order listed below President Pro Tempore Majority Leader Minority Leader Majority Whip Administration Floor Leader Assistant Administration Floor Leader All other Senators shall be seated by district number in ascending numerical order commencing with the lowest permanently numbered available seat
Oath of members Rule 9 Each Senator and Representative before taking his seat shall take the following oath or affirmation to wit I will support the Constitution of this State and of the United States and
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on all questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be most conducive to the interest and prosperity of this State
Ga Const art Ill sec IV par V
Rule 10 The oaths of office prescribed by Const Art Ill Sec IV Par V Sec 21605 may be administered to the members of the General Assembly by any Justice of the Supreme Court Judge of the Court of Appeals or judge of the superior courts to be procured by the person organizing each branch
Ga Code Ann sec 47105
Rule 11 There shall be a Secretary of the Senate and Clerk of the House of Representatives elected by the members of each House respectively viva voce and a majority of votes cast is necessary to elect Their terms of office shall be the time for which the members of the General Assembly are elected
Ga Code Ann sec 47201
Rule 12 Said officers their assistants and engrossing and enrolling clerks before entering on the discharge of their duties shall take an oath before the respective presiding officers of the two Houses to discharge their duties faithfully and to the best of their skill and knowledge of which a minute shall be made and entered on the journals
Ga Code Ann sec 47202
Rule 13 The President of the Senate and Speaker of the House shall administer the oaths
Judges to administer oaths
Secretary election and term
Oaths of Secretary and assistants
Journal entry
Oaths of
subordinate
officers
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Bond of Secretary
Approved by committee on Enrolling and Journals
Doorkeeper and Messenger election and pay
No employee substitutes
required to the subordinate officers of their respective Houses
Ga Code Ann sec 47203
Rule 14 Immediately after their election said Secretary and Clerk shall each give bond and security in the sum of 5000 payable to the Governor and his successors in office and conditioned for the faithful discharge of their respective duties said bonds to be approved by the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House respectively
Ga Code Ann sec 47204
Rule 15 No journalizing recording enrolling or engrossing clerk shall be appointed by the Secretary of the Senate or Clerk of the House of Representatives until such clerk has been examined by the enrolling committee and certified to his respective House to be competent and well qualified to the discharge of the duties required of him and such clerk shall be removed at any time upon the recommendation of the enrolling committee of the House in which he is employed
Ga Code Ann sec 47209
Rule 16 Each House is entitled to a Doorkeeper and Messenger to perform such duties as may be required of them who shall be elected as provided for the election of Clerk of the House of Representatives and Secretary of the Senate and who shall be compensated as provided by each House
Ga Code Ann sec 47301
Rule 17 No Doorkeeper or other employee of the House of Representatives or Senate shall sublet his employment or contract in any way nor
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shall the person having the appointment of any of said employees consent to any substitution of any other person for any of said employees
Ga Code Ann sec 47302
Rule 18 Whenever for any reason the person appointed to any of said positions cannot personally discharge the duties of the same said office shall become vacant and it shall be the duty of the person in whom is vested the appointing power to appoint another person for such time as the original employee cannot discharge his duties and the compensation shall from the date of such new appointment be paid to the new employee for the time he shall serve
Ga Code Ann sec 47303
Rule 19 Whenever the provisions of this Chapter shall be violated any person shall be substituted for another in violation of the same neither the person so substituted nor the person for whom he is substituted shall receive any compensation out of the State treasury and it shall be the duty of the Legislative Fiscal Officer whenever any change shall be made in any of the persons filling any of said positions to ascertain that the change was made according to the provisions of this Chapter before paying any money to the new officer or employee
Ga Code Ann sec 47305
Rule 20 It shall be the duty of the Messenger to attend to the wants of the Senate while in session to aid in the enforcement of order under the direction of the President and to execute the demands of the Senate from time to time
Filling
vacancies
No pay when
employee
substitution
Duties of Messenger
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Pages
Privileges
floor
together with all such processes issued under its authority as may be directed to him by the President
Rule 21 No person shall be employed as a page who is under the age of twelve years No Senator shall be allowed to name more than ten pages during the session The Lieutenant Governor shall be allowed to name not more than two pages per day during each day of the session In addition to the pages provided for above each Senator shall be allowed to name not more than ten honorary pages during the session Honorary pages shall receive no compensation for their services as such
There shall be no more than thirty pages per day Each Senator desiring to name a page for any particular day of the session shall file with the Director of Pages the name of each person he wishes to have serve as his page and the date of proposed service Such notice shall be filed at least three days prior to the date the proposed page desires to serve The Director of Pages shall select the 30 pages who shall serve on each day of the session in the order in which such notices are filed
Each Senator can assign his pages or page days to another Senator There shall be no pages except as herein provided
The Rules Committee subject to the approval of the President shall establish a program of familiarization with State Government its procedures and those duties and responsibilities which will be required of pages The Director of Pages shall require each page to attend a training session prior to his service as a page during which the page will become acquainted with his duties and responsibilities
Rule 22 No person shall be allowed to enter of upon the floor of the Senate except 1 the
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Senators and officers thereof 2 the officers and members of the House 3 the Governor of the State 4 staff members of the Secretary of the Senate Clerk of the House and the Office of Legislative Counsel 5 former Senators and 6 such others as the Senate may allow upon written recommendation of the Committee on Rules
On the final or third reading and consideration of any bill appropriating money the Senate may by invitation of the Chairman of the Standing Committee on Appropriations or by the vote of a majority of those voting provided the total vote constitutes a quorum allow persons on the floor of the Senate for the purpose of explaining or answering any questions concerning the bill
No person shall be admitted on the floor of the Lobbyists Senate who is engaged in lobbying or who is attempting to influence legislation
No person or group shall be introduced to the Cpriatp exceDt UDon the written recommenda introductions tion of a majority of the Decorum Committee
The Decorum Committee shall be composed of the President of the Senate who shall be chairman the President Pro Tempore the Majority Leader the Minority Leader and the Majority Whip
While the Senate is in session representatives of the press radio and television shall be allowed Press on the floor of the Senate only in the area in the rear of the Chamber designated for them
PRESIDENTS POWER AND DUTIES
Rule 23 When the President Pro Tempore or any other Senator is presiding he shall not vote unless the Senate shall be equally divided or unless his vote if given to the minority will make the division equal The presiding Senator shall
Vote of
President Pro Tempore and Senator presiding
106 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL vote in all elections In all cases where a fixed constitutional vote is required to pass a bill or measure under consideration and said bill or measure shall lack only one vote to pass the same the presiding Senator shall vote and his vote so cast shall be counted the same as that of any other member
Priority of business Rule 24 All questions as to priority of business to be acted on shall be decided by the President without debate unless otherwise provided for in these Rules
Recognition Rule 25 When two or more Senators shall rise at the same time the President shall name the Senator entitled to proceed
Silence and irrelevant debate Rule 26 The President shall in his discretion suspend irrelevant debate and command silence whenever he may deem it necessary
Yeas and Nays Rule 27 The President may at any time order the roll called on any question and take the vote by Yeas and Nays where a division of the Senate discloses the fact thVt a quorum has not voted
Substitute Rule 28 The President may during a days sitting name any Senator to perform the duties of the Chair during any part of that sitting but no longer
Succession Rule 29 Whenever from any cause the President shall be absent the President Pro Tempore shall preside If both shall be absent the Secretary of the Senate shall call the Senate to order and shall preside until the election of a President Pro Tempore which said election shall be the first business of the Senate The President Pro Tempore thus elected shall preside until the return of one of the first named officers when his functions shall cease
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Rule 30 All standing committees standing subcommittees and the officers of both shall be appointed by the Committee on Committees The Committee on Committees shall be composed of the President of the Senate the President Pro Tempore and the Majority Party Leader provided however when any minority party comprises onefifth 15 or more of the Senate membership there shall be two additional members of the Committee The two additional members shall be the Minority Party Leader and the Majoritv Party Whip Any party officer provided for in this Rule shall be certified to the Senate in writing by the chairman of the respective caucus No member of the Committee on Committees the Minority Party Leader or the Majority Party Whip shall be appointed as chairman of any committee provided for in Senate Rule 190
Rule 31 The President shall have power to cause the galleries and lobbies of the Senate cleared by the Messenger and Doorkeepers in case of disturbance or disorderly conduct therein and to cause any person or persons so offending to be arrested and brought before the bar of the Senate to be dealt with for contempt of the Senate
Rule 32 The President shall have power to suspend the Messenger and Doorkeepers for misconduct or neglect of duty He shall report any such suspension to the Senate within twentyfour hours thereafter for such action as the Senate may see fit to take
GENERAL BUSINESS AND ORDER OF BUSINESS
Rule 33 The following shall be the order of business
Appointment of committees and their officers by Committee on Committees
Clearing galleries and lobbies when disorder
Suspension of Messenger and Doorkeepers
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LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
1 Report of the Committee on the Journal
2 Reading of the Journal
3 Motions to Reconsider
4 Confirmation of the Journal
5 Introduction of Bills and Resolutions
6 First Reading and Reference of Senate Bills and Resolutions
7 First Reading and Reference of House Bills and Resolutions which shall also be in order at any later time when no other business is pending
8 Reports of Standing Committees
9 Second Reading of Bills and Resolutions
10 Third Reading and Passage of Local Uncontested Bills and Resolutions
11 Call of the Roll
12 Prayer of the Chaplain
13 Unanimous Consents and Points of Personal Privilege
14 Adoption of Privileged Resolutions
15 Third Reading and Consideration of General Bills and Resolutions
Enrolling and Journals Committee to report Journal
Calendar of Rules Committee last 21 days
Change by Senate
Rule 34 It shall be the duty of the Committee on Enrolling and Journals to read the Journal of each days proceedings and report to the Senate that the same is correct before the Journal is read by the Secretary
Rule 35 The Committee on Rules during the last twentyone 21 legislative days of each session shall arrange and fix the calendar for each days business Such calendar shall be a standing and continuing special order during said period No matter shall be taken up or acted on otherwise than in the order and manner fixed by such calendar except by a threefourths vote of those voting provided such threefourths constitutes a majority of the members elected to the Senate
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Rule 36 No bill or resolution shall be put on final passage unless the same has been put on a calendar and placed on each Senators desk not later than 700 AM on the date of passage The Secretary of the Senate shall put all bills which appear on the prepared calendar and which may be considered that day in order on the Senators desks and in a separate file from other House and Senate bills and resolutions Matters in possession of the Senate but not eligible for consideration on a particular date shall also be kept in order and also on the Senators desks The calendar can be changed by a vote of twothirds of the Senators voting provided such twothirds constitutes a majority of the members elected to the Senate Nothing in this Rule shall apply to local bills or local resolutions
Rule 37 Every motion or request to take up general bills or resolutions out of their regular order and every motion or request for special orders shall be submitted in writing to the Committee on Rules and reported upon by the Committee before being submitted to the Senate
Rule 38 Any request for unanimous consent to suspend the Rules or motion to change the order of business shall be decided without debate
Rule 39 The rules of the Senate shall in no case be suspended or changed or the order of business changed except by twothirds of the members voting if such twothirds constitutes a majority of the members elected to the Senate
Rule 40 The roll call at the opening of each session of the Senate shall not be dispensed with except by a majority vote of the Senators voting or by unanimous consent
The electronic roll call system shall be used to call the roll of the Senators who shall use the Yea switch to signify their presence
Calendar and bills placed on desks before passage
Special orders to Rules Committee
Rules suspension change of business order debate and vote
Suspension of Rules changing order of business
Dispensing with roll call
Roll call electronically
110
Dispensing with reading of Journal
Committee reports and messages
Messages
Questions of privilege
Motions on new matters
First meeting
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Rule 41 The reading of the Journal shall not be dispensed with except by a vote of a majority of the members voting or by unanimous consent
Rule 42 The report of the Committee on Rules shall be in order at any time and messages from the Governor or from the House may be received under any order of business Messages may be received at any time while the door is open except while a question is being put or a ballot or a viva voce vote is being taken
Rule 43 When a message shall be sent to the Senate it shall be announced at the door of the Senate by the Doorkeeper and be respectfully communicated to the Chair by the person through whom it may be sent
A message shall be presented to the Senate by the President when received or afterwards according to its nature and the business on which the Senate is engaged or its consideration may on motion be ordered by the Senate
Rule 44 Questions of privileges shall be first those affecting the rights of the Senate collectively its safety dignity and the integrity of its proceedings second the right reputation and conduct of Senators individually in their representative capacity only Questions of privilege shall have precedence over all other questions Provided that when any matter is pending before the Senate no question of personal privilege shall be actedon until the pending question is disposed of
Rule 45 Any motion not privileged containing new matters shall lie at least one day on the table
Rule 46 The meetings of the General Assembly shall be held as prescribed in Art Ill
Time of meetings
Contempt by nonmember
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL fff
Sec IV Par Ill of the State Constitution Sec
21503 The hour of meeting shall be 1000 AM and the place at the State Capitol
Ga Const art Ill sec IV par III
Ga Code Ann sec 47103
Rule 47 The session of the Senate each day except Sunday shall commence at 1000 AM unless otherwise ordered by the Senate and shall continue until the Senate shall be adjourned upon motion
Rule 48 Each House may punish by imprisonment not extending beyond the session any person not a member who shall be guilty of a contempt by any disorderly behavior in its presence or who shall rescue or attempt to rescue any person arrested by order of either House
Ga Const art III sec VII par II
Rule 49 Any member presenting a petition Reference to memorial or remonstrance shall as concisely as petition in practicable intimate the name and object of the journal petitioner memorialist or remonstrant which shall be noted on the Journal and the paper may then be referred without reading
Rule 50 When the reading of any paper is called for and the reading is objected to by any Senator whether the paper shall be read shall be determined by a vote of the Senate without debate
Except that during the consideration of any bill appropriating money any paper or document directly concerning the bill may be read by the Secretary any Senator or any person invited to give evidence under the provisions of Senate Rule 22
Reading of paper
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LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Transaction of business
Compelling
attendance
Messenger to arrest
Motion to determine attendance
Arrest and discharge
QUORUM AND ABSENTEES
Rule 51 A majority of each House shall constitute a quorum to transact business but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and compel the presence of its absent members as each House may provide
Ga Const art Ill sec IV par IV
Rule 52 The power to compel the attendance of Senators in order to keep or secure a quorum shall be vested in the President and to this end he may have the doors of the Senate closed When the doors are so closed no Senator shall be allowed to retire from the Senate without first obtaining leave from the Senate
The Messenger of the Senate shall be ex officio SergeantatArms of the Senate and on order of the President may arrest any absentees and bring them before the Senate when necessary to secure a quorum as aforesaid
Rule 53 Whenever the result of a vote taken shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the Senate is present or when the President shall officially state the fact to the Senate it shall be in order for any Senator to make a motion for a call of the Senate When such motion is made the President shall state the question as follows Shall the motion for the call of the Senate prevail and if five of the Senators present shall vote in the affirmative the President shall order the Secretary to call the roll of Senators and the absentees shall be noted The doors shall then be closed after which the names of the absentees shall again be called Those who do not appear and who are absent without leave may by order of the majority of the Senators present be sent for and arrested wherever they may be found by officers to be appointed by the Messenger for that purpose and their attendance secured and
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the Senate shall determine upon what conditions they shall be discharged b
Rule 54 Upon the call of the Senators ordinary and extraordinary the names of the absentees shall be noted by the Secretary and shall appear upon the Journal with a notation of those previously excused
DEBATE AND DECORUM
Rule 55 When any Senator is about to speak in debate or deliver any matter to the Senate he shall rise from his seat and respectfully address himself to Mr President The President shall not recognize any Senator unless he shall address himself to the Chair from his seat provided that the President shall not put a question or take any other action which would foreclose debate if any Senator not at his seat shall signify to the Chair that he wishes to be recognized and shall immediately proceed to his seat for that purpose
Any Senator shall be confined to matter in debate and shall not speak more than twice on any subject or more than once until every member choosing to speak shall have spoken
All individual speeches on bills and resolutions shall be limited to thirty minutes unless extended by a majority of those voting provided the total vote constitutes a quorum and on all points of personal privilege individual speeches shall be limited to ten minutes
If any Senator in speaking or otherwise transgresses the Rules of the Senate the President shall call him to order in which case said Senator shall immediately sit down unless permitted to explain The Senate shall if appealed to decide whether to confirm the Presidents action If the transgressor refuses to submit to the decision of
Secretary to list absentees for Journal
Request for recognition from seat
Limits on debate
Thirty minutes
Extension Personal privilege ten minutes
Order against transgression of Rules
Appeal
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LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Penalty
Decorum in Senate Chamber
Censure for debate
Duties of Secretary and member
Time limits
the Senate for the first offense he shall be reproved for the second he shall be fined in a sum not exceeding ten dollars and if he continues refractory he may be expelled from the Senate by a twothirds vote of the Senators which vote shall be taken by Yeas and Nays
When the Senate is in session Senators shall conduct themselves at all times with dignity and in a manner to insure decorum in the deliberations of the body and shall be called to order by the President for activities to the contrary including eating at desks reading newspapers and other materials not pertinent to legislation unnecessary conversation and inappropriate dress
Rule 56 Each House shall be the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its members and shall have power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by censure fine imprisonment or expulsion but no member shall be expelled except by a vote of twothirds of the House to which he belongs
Ga Const art Ill sec VII par I
Rule 57 If any Senator shall be called to order for words spoken the words excepted to shall be taken down in writing by the Secretary and read The words excepted to shall then be admitted denied or explained by the Senator who spoke them Thereupon the questions of order shall be decided and such other proceedings taken as the Senate may deem proper in regard thereto Provided that if at the time the Senate is acting under the previous question such question of order and other proceedings referred to shall not be taken up for decision until after the previous question and the main question have been disposed of or until such future time as may then be ordered by the Senate But no Senator shall be held to answer or be subject to the
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censure of the Senate for words spoken in debate if any other Senator has spoken or other business has intervened before the exception to the words was taken
Rule 58 No Senator shall address the Senate or interrogate a Senator who is speaking except through the President Should the Senator speaking decline to be interrupted the President shall cause the Senator desiring to interrogate to be silent
Rule 59 No Senator shall refer in debate to any private conversation had with another Senator
Rule 60 The Senators in speaking shall avoid calling other Senators by name when they may have occasion to take notice of their observations but may designate them by their position on the floor or by the district they represent
Rule 61 The members of both Houses shall be free from arrest during their attendance on the General Assembly and in going thereto or returning therefrom except for treason felony larceny or breach of the peace and no member shall be liable to answer in any other place for anything spoken in debate in either House
Ga Const art Ill sec VII par III
Rule 62 The members of the Senate shall refrain from private conversation and preserve silence until a speaking Senator has taken his seat
Rule 63 No Senator shall pass between the Chair and a Senator while he is speaking At the time of adjournment no Senator shall leave his seat until the President retires
Address
through
President
Right to continue
Reference to conversations
Reference to members
Freedom from arrest
Freedom of debate
Silence during debate
Limits on movement
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Time limits
Debate limits
Written protest for Journal
Motions allowed during debate
Precedence
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PROTEST AND APPEAL
Rule 64 All appeals from the decisions of the Chair shall be made immediately and no appeal shall be in order after other business has intervened from the time of the alleged error of the Chair and before said appeal is sought
Rule 65 On all appeals on questions of order of a personal character there shall be no debate
Rule 66 Any Senator may have entered on the Journal a protest in writing against the action of the Senate Said protest shall clearly and succinctly set forth the grounds of such protest It shall not impugn the motive of the Senate or of any members thereof
MOTIONS
Rule 67 When any subject is before the Senate for consideration or under debate no motion shall be received except the following towit
1st A motion to adjourn
2nd A motion to lay on table
3rd A motion for the previous question
4th A motion to adjourn to a time definite
5th A motion to indefinitely postpone
6th A motion to postpone to a day or time certain
7th A motion to commit
8th A motion to amend
9th A motion to print
Said motions shall have precedence in the
order named
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Rule 68 After a motion is stated by the President or read by the Secretary it shall be deemed to be in the possession of the Senate but may be withdrawn by unanimous consent at any time before decision
Rule 69 A motion made by any Senator need not be seconded
Rule 70 No Senator may make more than one motion at a time While the motion is being put to the Senate he must resume his seat and he is not entitled to the floor again unless recognized again by the President
Rule 71 No Senator shall after debating any question and before yielding the floor be allowed to submit any motion the effect of which shall be to prevent further debate
Rule 72 No Senator shall be allowed to address himself to any question and then move to table the bill resolution or motion or move the previous question thereon without relinquishing the floor
ADJOURNMENT
Rule 73 A motion to adjourn may be made at any time when the movant can legitimately obtain the floor
Rule 74 A motion to adjourn may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained But when the Senate has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to adjourn is in order nor shall any motion to adjourn be in order after the Secretary has called the first name of the Yeas and Nays and a vote of one Senator has been given or
Possession and withdrawal
No second
One motion at a time
Cut off of debate
No motion without relinquishing floor
When motion in order
Time for motion to adjourn
118
Debate
Renewal
Amendment
Debatable if to particular time
Effect
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after the electronic roll call system is unlocked for voting or after a division of the Senate has been had on a vote and the vote is in process ot being counted and announced
Rule 75 A motion to adjourn is imno instance debatable nor shall said motion be made a second time until further progress has been made m the business before the Senate A motion to adjourn in its simple form shall not be amended
Rule 76 A motion to adjourn to a particular day or for a particular time if made when the Senate is not actually engaged in other business is debatable and is amendable as to the day or time proposed
Rule 77 When a motion to adjourn in its simple form prevails it adjourns the Senate to the next sitting day or time in course
Rule 78 Whenever the hour of adjournment Complete yeas as fjxed by a prior resolution shall arrive while and nays the vote 0f the Senate is being taken by Yeas and
Nays the session shall continue until the final vote is taken and announced If said fixed hour of adjournment shall arrive while the Senate is acting on the main question after a motion for the previous question has been sustained and before the vote on the main question is being taken either by a division or by the Yeas and Nays as aforesaid the Senate shall stand adjourned by virtue of said prior resolution
Limit
adjou rnment
Rule 79 Neither House shall adjourn for more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of disagreement between the two Houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them
Ga Const art Ill sec VII par XXII
Disagreement
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Rule 80 The General Assembly shall meet in regular session on the second Monday in January of each year By concurrent resolution adopted by a majority of the members elected to both Houses of the General Assembly the General Assembly may adjourn any regular session to such later date as it may fix for reconvening in regular session but shall remain in regular session no longer than forty days in the aggregate each year Separate periods of adjournment may be fixed by one or more such concurrent resolutions The Senate and the House of Representatives shall organize each oddnumbered year and shall be a different General Assembly for each twoyear period All business pending in the Senate or the House of Representatives at the time of adjournment of any regular session may be considered at any regular session of the same General Assembly as if there had been no adjournment Nothing herein shall be construed to affect the power of the Governor to convoke the General Assembly in extraordinary session or the duty of the Governor to convene the General Assembly in extraordinary session upon the certificate of threefifths of the members elected to the Senate and the House of Representatives as provided in Article V Section II Paragraph III of this Constitution If any impeachment trial is pending at the end of any regular or extraordinary session the Senate may continue in session until such trial is completed
Convening
Adjournment
Term of session
Ga Const art Ill sec V par III
120
Not after order for main question
Limits on Tabling
Not debatable or amendable
Renewal
Effect
Taking up
Time for considering
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL TABLING
Rule 81 A motion to lay on the table may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the Senate has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to lay on the table is in order
Rule 82 Nothing may be legitimately laid on the table excepting what may be taken up again
Rule 83 No motion to lay an amendment on the table shall be in order
Rule 84 Neither the motion to lay on the table nor the motion to take from the table is debatable or amendable
Rule 85 A motion to lay on the table or to take from the table may be renewed from time to time when new business has intervened
Rule 86 If the motion to lay on the table prevails it removes from the consideration of the Senate the measure together with all the amendments attached to it at the time it is so removed
When the proposition is taken from the table it stands before the Senate in the exact form with all the amendments pertaining to it that it did at the time the motion to lay on the table prevailed
Rule 87 A majority of a quorum voting may take from the table at any time when the Senate is not engaged on any other measure any bill resolution or paper which has been ordered to lie on the table and when so taken from the table it is then before the Senate
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INDEFINITE POSTPONEMENT
Rule 88 While the motion to indefinitely postpone takes precedence over a motion to postpone to a day certain or to commit or to amend yet this motion cannot be applied to said motions nor can it be applied to incidental questions such as questions of order reading of papers withdrawal of a motion and suspension of a rule
Rule 89 The motion to indefinitely postpone lays open the whole question for debate but the motion cannot be amended
Rule 90 No motion to indefinitely postpone shall be renewed on any bill resolution or other measure after the same has once been voted down
Rule 91 When a bill resolution or other measure is under consideration on the final reading thereof a motion to indefinitely postpone if decided in the affirmative by a majority of those voting providing the total vote constitutes a quorum thereby disposes of said bill resolution or other measure for the session
POSTPONEMENT
Rule 92 A motion to postpone to a day certain cannot be applied to subordinate or incidental questions but only to the whole measure It is amendable by substituting one day or time for another If a day proposed is known to be beyond the limits of the session the motion shall be treated as one to indefinitely postpone
Rule 93 On a motion to postpone a question to a day certain it is not in order to debate the merits of the question Debate may be allowed but it shall be confined strictly to the proposition
Limits on subject matter
Debate and amendment
No renewal
Disposal on final reading
Limits on subject matter
Amendment
Possible
indefinite
postponement
Debate
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Renewal limits to postpone and to show why one day is preferred to another This motion cannot be renewed or made a second time to the same measure on the same day
Postponing bills on Calendar No motion shall be in order to postpone a bill or resolution on the daily or rules calendar until the bill or resolution has been read a third time
Commit to Committees COMMITMENT Rule i4 Motions to commit may be made to refer a bill resolution or other measure to a standing or special committee or Committee of the Whole Senate
Committing bills on Calendar No motion shall be in order to commit a bill or resolution on the daily or rules calendar until the bill or resolution has been read a third time
Precedence of committees Rule 95 A f motion to commit to a standing committee talces precedence over a motion to commit to a special committee and shall be first voted on If a motion is made that a bill resolution or other measure be committed to the Committee of the Whole Senate this motion shall be put before either of the above named motions
Debate if instructions Rule 96 On a motion simply to commit no debate shall be allowed but where instructions are added the merits of the question may be debated
Amendment Rule 97 A motion to commit may be amended bv adding instructions or by substituting another committee for the one named by the Senator making the motion
Commitment Rule 98 Any proposition that has been referred to any committee either standing or spe
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123
cial may on motion be committed to the same or any other committee by a majority of those voting provided the total vote constitutes a quorum
RECONSIDERATION
Rule 99 When the Journal of the preceding Time for day shall be read it shall be in the power of any motion Senator to move for reconsideration of any matter therein contained except such matter that has been previously reconsidered or transmitted to the House of Representatives
Before any action can be reconsidered notice Notice of intention to so move must be given to the required Senate during the legislative day on which the action sought to be reconsidered took place The notice cannot be withdrawn and any Senator can move for reconsideration the following legislative day
No bill or resolution shall be transmitted to the House on the day of passage thereof unless two t0
thirds of the Senators voting provided the total vote constitutes a quorum shall so order Provided during the last three legislative days of of any regular session any bill resolution or other matter which requires action by the House shall be immediately transmitted to the House by the Secretary
A notice of motion to reconsider a bill or resolution shall take precedence over a motion to motion0 transmit and shall have the effect of defeating the motion to transmit except on the last three days of any regular session a Senator must move immediately to reconsider any bill or resolution that has been passed or defeated
Rule 100 The action of the Senate upon an of action on amendment may be reconsidered at any time be amendment fore final action upon the section bill or resolu tlme hmittion to which it relates
124
One
reconsideration
Calendar
Unanimous
consents
limits
One at a time
Withdrawal of a bill or resolution
Enrolling committee to preserve laws
Signatures
Reproposal of bills
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Rule 101 No matter shall be reconsidered more than once
Rule 102 All bills and resolutions reconsidered shall take their place at the foot of the calendar of bills then in order for a third reading
ENACTMENT
Rule 103 The President shall not recognize any Senator at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to place any general bill on its passage out of its regular order Neither shall he recognize any request for unanimous consent for the introduction of new matter to read any bill or resolution the second time or to place any local bill or resolution on its passage The President shall entertain but one unanimous consents at one time
Rule 104 Any bill or resolution may be withdrawn at any stage thereof by consent of the Senate
Rule 105 The engrossed copies of all laws and joint resolutions passed by the General Assembly shall be preserved by the chairman of the enrolling committee and deposited in the office of the Secretary of State
Ga Code Ann sec 47901
Rule 106 All Acts and resolutions shall be signed by the President and Secretary and all writs warrants and subpoenas issued by order of the Senate shall be signed by the President and attested by the Secretary
Rule 107 All Acts shall be signed by the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives and no bill or resolu
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125
tion intended to have the effect of a law which shall have been rejected by either House shall be again proposed during the same session under the same or any other title without the consent of twothirds of the House by which the same was rejected
Ga Const art Ill sec VII par XIII
Rule 108 Each House shall keep a Journal of its proceedings and publish it immediately after its adjournment The General Assembly shall provide for the publication of the laws passed by each session
Ga Const art Ill sec VII par IV
Rule 109 The original Journal shall be preserved after publication in the office of the Secretary of State but there shall be no other record thereof
Ga Const art Ill sec VII par V
INTRODUCTION AND READING
Rule 110 No bill or resolution requiring the concurring vote of the House for passage shall be introduced unless the same shall have been filed in the office of the Secretary before 1200 noon on the previous day
No general bill or resolution having the effect of law shall be introduced or read the first time and referred to any committee after the thirtythird 33rd day of any regular session The provisions of this paragraph shall in no case be suspended except by a twothirds 23 vote of the members elected to the Senate and any such motion shall be submitted in writing to the Committee on Rules and reported upon by the Committee before being submitted to the Senate
Journal and law
publication
Journal
preservation
Filing
Deadline for introduction and first reading of bills
126
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Form of bills and resolutions
Subject matter limits
Reference to laws
Notice on local bill
Rule 111 To introduce a bill or resolution a member shall file an original and one copy with the Secretary All original bills and resolutions shall be typed or printed but the copy may be duplicated
All bills and resolutions shall have the name of the Senator or Senators introducing the same as well as the district or districts represented endorsed on the back There shall also appear on the back the title or a brief summary thereof
The copy shall be retained by the Secretary subject to use for information but the original bill or resolution shall be for the exclusive use of the Senate and the committee to which it is assigned and shall be the official bill or resolution of the Senate and shall not be subject to any other use
Rule 112 No law shall pass which refers to more than one subject matter or contains matter different from what is expressed in the title thereof
Ga Const art II sec VII par VIII
Rule 113 No law or section of the Code shall be amended or repealed by mere reference to its title or to the number of the section of the Code but the amending or repealing act shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as well as the alteration to be made
Ga Const art Ill sec VII par XVI
Rule 114 No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the newspaper in which the sheriffs advertisements for
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127
the locality affected are published once a week for three weeks during a period of sixty days immediately preceding its introduction into the General Assembly No local or special bill shall become law unless there is attached to and made a part of said bill a copy of said notice certified by the publisher or accompanied by an affidavit of the author to the effect that said notice has been published as provided by law No office to which a person has been elected shall be abolished nor the term of the office shortened or lengthened by local or special bill during the term for which such person was elected unless the same be approved by the people of the jurisdiction affected in a referendum on the question When any local law shall add any member or members to any municipal or county governing authority the members of which are elected by the people such local law must provide that the member or members so added must be elected by the qualified voters of the political subdivision affected under such rules as the General Assembly may in said law provide
Ga Const art Ill sec VII par XV
Rule 115 The Secretary shall as soon as possible after any bill or resolution of general application is filed in his office cause the same to be printed and a copy thereof distributed to each member forthwith Whenever any such bill or resolution of general application shall be reported back by the committee to which it was referred with the recommendation that it do pass as amended the Secretary shall cause the recommended amendments to be printed and copies thereof distributed to each member No bill or resolution of general application shall be placed on its passage unless copies of the same and any committee amendments shall have been printed and distributed to the Senator prior to consideration for passage The Senate may at any time by
Affidavit of publication
Referendum if applies to office
Addition to local governing body
Secretarys duty to print and distribute
No passage until distributed
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LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Suspension of bills and resolutions for distribution of floor
amendments
Calendar
Deadline for introduction and first reading of bills
Reading by Secretary
Precedence of General Appropriations bill
Engrossment at first reading
Debate
No unanimous consent
the vote of a majority of those voting provided the total vote constitutes a quorum suspend action upon any pending bill or resolution of general application until all amendments offered thereto on the floor of the Senate shall have been printed and distributed to the Senators
Rule 116 All bills and resolutions shall be called in the numerical order in which they stand on the calendar No general Senate bill or resolution having the effect of law shall be read the third time and put upon its passage or adoption after the thirtythird 33rd day of any regular session The provisions of this paragraph shall in no case be suspended except by a twothirds 23 vote of the members elected to the Senate and any such motion shall be submitted in writing to the Committee on Rules and reported upon by the Committee before being submitted to the Senate
Before reading any bill or resolution the second or third time the Secretary shall distinctly state its number and the name of the Senator by whom introduced Provided that the General Appropriations Bill shall have precedence on third reading over all other matters even Special Orders until final disposition of the said Bill
Rule 117 A motion to engross a bill may be made upon reading the bill the first time and at no other time When a motion to engross is made no debate shall be permitted except that the movant may speak to his motion not longer than five 5 minutes and any one other Senator may speak in opposition thereto for five 5 minutes No bill or resolution shall be engrossed except upon the affirmative vote of twothirds of the Senators voting provided the total vote constitutes a quorum No Senator shall be recognized at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to engross a bill or resolution
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129
In case of engrossment of any bill or other matter the entry thereof shall be made by the Secretary and the bill or other matter shall not be amendable thereafter unless subsequently committed
Rule 118 Every bill before it shall pass shall be read three times and on three separate days in each House unless in cases of actual invasion or insurrection but the first and second reading of each local bill shall consist of the reading of the title only unless said bill is ordered to be engrossed
Ga Const art Ill sec VII par VII
Rule 119 Any bill or resolution shall be automatically passed to a second reading on the legislative day following that day the bill or resolution shall be reported by the committee to which it was referred Except that after the thirtyfifth 35th day of any regular session every bill and resolution shall be read a second time on the same legislative day that the bill or resolution is reported by the committee to which it was referred No debate shall be admitted upon any bill at the first or second reading
USE OF COMMITTEES
Rule 120 Upon the introduction of any bill or resolution or other matter requiring reference to a committee the President shall as a matter of course and without debate refer the same to the proper committee unless otherwise ordered by the Senate
Rule 121 No Committee of the Whole or other committee shall deface or interline a bill resolution or other paper referred to said committee but shall report any amendment recommended
Restricts
Amendment
Readings
required
No debate at first or second reading
Reference by President
Unless otherwise ordered
No defacement
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130
Reporting
amendments
on a separate paper noting the section page or line to which said amendment relates
Form of reports
Rule 122 All reports of a committee shall be in writing and the minority of a committee may make a report in writing setting forth succinctly the reasons for their dissent
Action on report
Notice of motion to disagree
Time limit on motion to disagree
Effect of agreement or disagreement
Rule 123 If the report of a committee is favorable to the passage of a bill or resolution the same shall be placed on the ecnefcald for a third reading without question unless committed If the report of a committee is adverse to the passage of a bill or resolution in older to have a third reading thereof a Senator must give notice of intention to move to disagree with such adverse committee report by not later than adjournment of the next legislative day following the unfavorable committee report In such case the bill or resolution shall be placed on the calendar The question shall be upon agreeing to the report of the committee If the report of the committee is agreed to the bill or resolution shall be lost If the report of the committee is disagreed to the bill or resolution shall be parsed to a second reading unless committed
Reconsidera
tion
Rule 124 When a bill or resolution favorably reported by a committee is on its third or Inst reading if the report of the committee is disagreed to by the Senate the bill or resolution shall be lost unless the action of the Senate m disagreeing to the committee report is reconsidered within the proper time
Rule 125 When a bill or a resolution has been referred to and reported by more than one Precedence of committee or has been reported by and then rereport committed to the same committee the last com
mittee report shall be acted on by the Senate and
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131
in all cases the report of the Committee of the Whole Senate shall be first acted on by the Senate
COMMITTEE OF THE WHOLE
Rule 126 The Senate may resolve itself into a Committee of the Whole by a majority of those voting provided that the total vote constitutes a quorum on motion of a member made for that purpose provided further that notice of intention to make such motion shall be given during the session of the preceding day Individual speeches on such motion shall be limited to three minutes If such notice shall not have been given the motion shall prevail if it shall receive the affirmative votes of twothirds of those voting provided that the twothirds shall constitute a majority of all the members elected to the Senate Provided further that whenever the Senate either by its own vote or by unanimous consent shall commit any bill or resolution to the Committee of the Whole and subsequently a motion shall be made to resolve the Senate into a Committee of the Whole to consider such bill or resolution and such motion shall be lost the said motion shall not be again renewed but it shall be the duty of the President to require the Secretary to read the bill or resolution again at the following days session under the order of introduction of new matter or reading of bills the first time and to refer such bill or resolution to the appropriate committee unless otherwise ordered by the Senate
Rule 127 In forming a Committee of the Whole the President shall leave the Chair and a Chairman to preside in Committee shall be appointed by the President
Senates
resolving
Notice
Debate limits
Renewal
limited
President
appoints
Chairman
Rule 128 The Committee of the Whole shall not proceed with the business before it whenever
132
Quorum
required
Consideration of bills
Rules
Action
limited
Reconsidera
tion
Votin
Papers from Senate
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
a vote on any question shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the Senate is present Whenever it is suggested that a quorum is not present the Chairman of the Committee shall satisfy himself of the fact by actual count of the Committee and shall report the same to the Committee and the Chairman shall on his own motion order that the Committee immediately rise and he shall report the fact of the absence of a quorum to the Senate
Rule 129 In the Committee of the Whole bills shall be first read throughout by the Secretary and then again be read or debated by clauses or sections leaving the preamble to be last considered unless otherwise ordered
Rule 130 The Rules of the Senate shall be observed by the Committee of the Whole so far as they may be applicable except that the Committee of the Whole cannot refer a matter to any other committee it cannot adjourn The previous question cannot be enforced a motion to lay on the table or indefinitely postpone shall not be in order a member may speak as often as he may obtain the floor no call of the Senate shall be in order
Rule 131 A motion to reconsider shall be in order in the Committee of the Whole
Rule 132 In the Committee of the Whole all members shall vote on all questions before the Committee unless excused therefrom
Rule 133 While in the Committee of the Whole any papers in the possession of the Senate may be called for by any member and read by the Secretary for the information of the Committee unless the Committee shall otherwise order
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133
Rule 134 The Chairman of the Committee of the Whole shall have power to have the galleries or lobbies cleared in case of any disorderly conduct therein
Rule 135 A Committee of the Whole cannot punish disorderly conduct of its members but must report the same to the Senate for action thereon
Rule 136 If at any time in the Committee of the Whole it shall be desired to close the debate or to limit the time to be allowed members for speaking the Committee may rise and report its desire to the Senate and the Senate shall take such action thereon as it may see fit by a resolution Said resolution shall apply only to the subject matter before said Committee When said resolution has been agreed to or refused by the Senate the action of the Senate shall be deemed the sense of the Committee and the Senate may then on motion again resolve itself into a Committee of the Whole and continue the consideration of the subject
Rule 137 In the event that a Committee of the Whole at any sitting for want of time shall fail to complete any matter under consideration it may on motion at any time rise report progress and have leave to sit again generally Or at a day certain
Rule 138 A motion that the Committee rise report progress and ask leave to sit again may be made at any time when the movant thereof can legitimately obtain the floor and shall take precedence over all other motions and shall be decided without debate When the motion prevails the Committee shall immediately rise When the regular hour for adjournment of the Senate arrives the Committee shall automatically rise and the President shall assume the Chair
Control of order
Report on misconduct
Limiting
debate
Recess
Adjournment
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LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Completion of work Rule 139 When the Committee of the Whole has disposed of bills resolutions or other measures before it by motion and question it shall arise and the Chairman shall be instructed to report the action of the Committee to the Senate At this point the President shall resume his seat
Report to President and the Chairman shall return to the floor and shall state in substance as follows Mr President the Committee of the Whole Senate has had under consideration naming what and has instructed me as its Chairman to report the same back to the Senate with the recommendation that the same do pass or do pass as amended or do not pass as the case may be
Presidents report The President shall receive this report and repeat the same and the matter shall then be before the Senate for action just as though reported by any other committee
Contents of report Rule 140 Amendments offered to an amendment in the Committee of the Whole shall not be reported to the Senate but the report shall contain only the result of the Committees action on the bill resolution or measure under its consideration
Action on report Rule 141 Amendments proposed by the Committee of the Whole may be amended or rejected by the Senate and matters stricken out by the Committee may be restored by the Senate
Journal entry Rule 142 The proceedings of the Committee of the Whole shall not be recorded in the Journal of the Senate except so far as reported to the Senate by the Chairman of said Committee
Methods AMENDMENT Rule 143 There are three ways in which a proposition may be amended towit
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135
1st By inserting or adding words
2nd By striking out words
3rd By striking out and inserting words
An admendment is itself subject to be amended in all three of the ways above mentioned but it is not permissible to amend an amendment to an amendment
Rule 144 A substitute shall be treated as an amendment in these Rules unless it is clearly indicated otherwise Provided however for the purpose of amending a substitute a substitute shall not be treated as an amendment
Rule 145 All motions to amend any matter before the Senate must be in writing They must plainly and distinctly set forth the amendment desired and the part of the bill or resolution where said amendment shall be inserted or added
Rule 146 Any irrelevant amendment or amendment obviously offered for the purpose of delay shall be ruled out of order by the President
Rule 147 Where blanks occur in any proposition they must be filled first before any motion is made to amend
Rule 148 When a bill or resolution is before the Senate for consideration and amendments are pending thereto and a substitute shall be offered for said bill or resolution and an amendment shall be offered to said substitute it shall be in order for the Senate to perfect first the original bill or resolution and then perfect the substitute The question shall then be on agreeing to the substitute as amended if it be
Limits
Substitute
Form
President to strike irrelevant or delaying amendments
Hlanks to be filled
Order of perfection
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LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Amend section
before
striking
Limited to subject matter
Priority of amendment
Title last
Committee
report
amendments
Not after agreement on committee report
amended and if decided in the affirmative the question shall be Shall this bill pass or resolution be adopted as the case may be by substitute
Rule 149 When a motion is made to amend by striking out a paragraph any amendment offered to perfect the paragraph shall be put first before the question is put for striking it out If a motion be made to strike out a part of a bill or resolution a motion to amend the part proposed to be stricken out shall have precedence
Rule 150 No motion on a subject different from that under consideration shall be admitted under color of amendment
Rule 151 On all questions whether in committee or in the Senate the last amendment the most distant day and the largest sum shall be first put
Rule 152 The title of a bill or resolution shall not be considered or amended until the measure has been perfected
Rule 153 After commitment of a bill and report thereof to the Senate it may be amended before the report of the committee is agreed to by the Senate but the amendments if any reported by the committee shall be disposed of before any other amendment be considered unless it be an amendment to a committee amendment
Rule 154 An amendment cannot be offered after the report of the committee to which the bill or resolution under consideration was referred has been agreed to by the Senate unless said action of the Senate in so agreeing to said
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137
report of said committee shall first be reconsidered
Rule 155 When a motion is made to amend by striking out and inserting the Secretary shall read the paragraph as it is then the words to be stricken out and finally the whole paragraph as it would be if amended
Rule 156 When a proposition consisting of several sections or resolutions is on a final reading and the Senate shall agree to a motion to consider the same by sections or paragraphs the Secretary in reading the same shall pause at the end of each section or resolution and the amendments thereto shall be offered as the several sections or resolutions are read But the amendments offered by the committee to which said bill or resolution was referred shall be read by the Secretary without any motion being made When a section or resolution shall have been considered it is not in order to recur and amend it unless first reconsidered
Rule 157 The questions which arise before the Senate respecting amendments by the House to a Senate bill or resolution are in order of precedence
1st A motion to agree to the House amendment
2nd A motion to disagree with the House amendment
3rd A motion to recede from the Senates disagreement or amendment
4th A motion to insist on the Senates disagreement or amendment
5th A motion to adhere to the Senates disagreement or amendment
Secretary
reading
Consideration by parts
Committee
amendments
automatic
No recurring
Precedence of action on House
amendments
138
Presidents power to rule out if not srermane
Secretarys
report
Precedence of amendment
Limits on amendment
Adoption of
House
amendment
Conference
committee
Appointment on motion
Consideration
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The President is authorized on his own motion or upon point of order being made when in his opinion a House amendment to a Senate bill is not germane to rule out such amendment The effect of such ruling of the President if not appealed from or if appealed from and the appeal not sustained shall be the same as a vote of the Senate to disagree and as such the Secretary shall so report it to the House Such point of order shall take precedence over a motion to agree
Rule 158 A motion to amend an amendment made by the House to a Senate bill or resolution takes precedence over a motion to agree or disagree to said amendment
Rule 159 When any bill or resolution which originated in the Senate has been amended in the House and is before the Senate for action on the House amendment an amendment may be offered in the Senate to the House amendment but the Senate amendment to the House amendment cannot be further amended It must be adopted or voted down
Rule 160 A House amendment to a Senate bill or resolution must be adopted by the vote required to pass the bill or resolution
Rule 161 Whenever any member moves that a Committee of Conference be appointed on disagreeing votes or other matters of the two Houses and said motion prevails the President shall appoint three 3 members for the Committee who voted in the majority on the position assumed by the Senate if such vote has been had
The Committee of Conference may consider the whole subject matter embraced in a bill
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resolution or other matter before it and may recommend recision by either House new amendments new bills and resolutions or other germane changes unless instructed otherwise by the Senate on motion before the members of the Conference Committee are appointed
A report of a Committee of Conference must be approved by a majority vote of the entire membership of the Committee before the report may be transmitted to either the Senate or the House
After a Committee of Conference has been in existence for five 5 days and has failed to make a report to the Senate on the question under consideration the Senate on motion and by a majority vote of all members elected to the Senate may discharge the Senate conferees and appoint new conferees instruct said Senate conferees or make any other motion not contrary to the Rules of the Senate Provided that during the last five 5 days of the session the above motions may be made and passed at any time but not more often than every three 3 hours
All Conference Committee reports shall be printed and distributed to the Senators prior to consideration of the same unless the printing of the same be dispensed with by a majority vote of all members elected to the Senate
Any Conference Committee report must be adopted by the vote required to pass the bill resolution or matter under consideration
PREVIOUS QUESTION
Rule 162 The previous question may be called and ordered upon a single motion or an amendment or it may be made to embrace all authorized motions or amendments and include the entire bill
Rule 163 Any Senator may call for a division
Recommenda
tion
Report
Discharge
Last 5 days of session
Distribution of report
Adoption of report
Subject matter
Call for division
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Distinct parts
No debate on motion
Form of question
Vote
Main question
Adjournment
Reconsidera
tion
of the question on a subject in which the sense thereof will admit of it
Rule 164 The Senator calling for a division must state what definite parts and how many he would have the question divided into Each part of the divided proposition must be so distinct that if taken away the remainder can stand by itself as a consistent and entire unit
Rule 165 The motion for the previous question shall be decided without debate and shall take precedence over all other motions except motions to adjourn or to lay on the table When it is moved the first question shall be Shall the motion for the previous question be sustained If this be decided by a majority of those voting provided the total vote constitutes a quorum the motions to adjourn or to lay on the table may still be made but they must be made before the next question towit Shall the main question be now put is decided in the affirmative After said last question is affirmatively decided by a majority of those voting provided that the total vote constitutes a quorum said motions will be out of order and the Senate cannot adjourn until the previous question is exhausted the regular hour of adjournment arrives or the Senate reconsiders its action
But no motion to reconsider the action of the Senate in ordering the main question shall be in order after the Secretary has called the first name on call of the Yeas and Nays and the vote of any member has been given or after the electronic roll call system is unlocked for voting or after a division of the Senate has been had on the vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced in such cases the roll call shall be completed the vote counted and the result finally announced
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Rule 166 When the previous question has been ordered the Senate shall then proceed to act on the main question without debate except that before the main question is put twenty minutes shall be allowed to close the debate to the committee whose report of the bill or other measure is under consideration If the report of the committee is adverse to the passage of fhe bill or other measure the introducer of the bill shall be allowed twenty minutes before the time allowed to the committee The Chairman of the committee or the introducer of the bill or other measure may yield the floor to such Senators as he may indicate for the time or any part of it allowed under this Rule
In all cases where a minority report has been submitted on any matter if the previous question is ordered there shall be twenty minutes allowed to the member whose name is first signed to said minority report or to such member or members as he may indicate for the time so allowed or any part of it before the twenty minutes allowed to the Chairman submitting the majority report
Rule 167 A call of the Senate shall not be in order after the previous question is ordered unless it shall appear upon an actual count by the President that a quorum is not present
Rule 168 All incidental questions of order arising after a motion is made for the previous question and pending such motion shall be decided whether on appeal or otherwise without debate
Rule 169 The effect of the order that the main question be now put is to bring the Senate to a vote on pending questions in the order in which they stood before it was moved
Debate
Committee
Introducer
Others
If minority
committee
report
No call unless no quorum
No debate on
incidental
questions
Effect of main question
142 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Effect of reconsideration
Limits on
reconsidera
tion
Rule 170 After the main question has been ordered a motion to reconsider this action will if adopted have the effect to repeal the ordering of both the main question and the previous question and will leave the pending measure again open to debate and amendment The motion to reconsider the ordering of the main question can be made only once and if lost or if the main
question is again subsequently ordered on the pending measure no second motion to reconsider the ordering of the main question shall be entertained
VOTING
Requirement for law
Rule 171 No bill shall become a law unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the members elected to each House of the General Assembly and it shall in every instance so appear on the Journal
Ga Const art Ill see VII par XIV
Rule 172 In the event no specific vote is General provided in these Rules for the passage of any
requirement Senate amendment motion or procedural matters and on all other matters not otherwise provided for in these Rules the vote for passage or adoption thereof shall be a majority of those voting provided the total vote constitutes a quorum
As to all resolutions not otherwise provided for in these Rules the vote for adoption shall be by a majority of the votes of all the members elected to the Senate
Rule 173 No Senator shall be permitted to Time for cast his vote on any motion resolution amend
ment bill or other question until the question is put to the Senate by the President by viva voce vote or division of the Senate or until after the roll call has begun No Senator or person shall
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143
on any queuuu vi
deemed to be disorderly behavior and subject to
punishment as provided by the Constitution and Rules of the Senate This Rule cannot be suspended by unanimous consent
Rule 174 The Presidents method of stating the question on any motion shall be as follows All in favor of the motion shall say Aye Those opposed will say No When a decision seems doubtful to the President or when a division of the Senate is called for by any one member of the Senate the President shall call upon the Senators in favor of the motion to rise AfiPf a count is had by the Secretary he shall call upon the Senators to reverse their positions and the President shall announce the result
Rule 175 When less than a quorum vote on any subject under consideration by the Senate the President may order the doors of the Senate to be closed and the roll of Senators called by the Secretary or recorded on the electronic roll call system If it is ascertained that a quorum is present either by answering to their names or by their presence in the Senate the refusal of any Senator present to vote unless excused shall be deemed a contempt of the Senate
Recorded vote
Division
Journal entry
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No debate on yeas and nays
Electronic roll call system
Secretarys call
Verification
5 of the members voting the vote shall be taken by the Yeas and Nays and so entered on the Journal A motion for the call of the Yeas and Nays shall be decided without debate
Rule 177 In all instances where the Rules statutes or Constitution provide for the Yeas and Nays or a roll call the electronic roll call system shall be used except upon elefctions The system shall be set so that it automatically locks and records the vote sixty 60 seconds after it is activated When the presiding officer ascertains that the electronic roll call system is inoperative he shall order the Secretary to call the roll viva voce and the votes recorded
The official roll call shall be printed by the electronic roll call system and shall never in any way be altered or the votes recorded thereon changed
When the electronic roll call system is used the voting procedure shall be after the main question is put the presiding officer shall state The question is on designating the matter to be voted upon all in favor vote Yea and all opposed Nay the Secretary will unlock the machine after the machine is electronically locked and records the vote he shall announce the vote and declare the results
Rule 178 On the call of the Yeas and Nays the Secretary shall read the names of the Senators after they have been called and no Senator shall be permitted to change his vote unless he at that time declares that he voted under a mistake of the question When the electronic roll call system is used this Rule shall be inoperative
When the electronic roll call system is used no verification of the roll call is required but when the roll call is taken viva voce it shall be verified unless suspended by unanimous consent
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Rule 179 A motion to excuse a Senator from voting must be made before the Senate divides or before the roll call is commenced and it shall be decided without debate except that the Senator making the motion may briefly state the reason why in his opinion it should prevail
All Senate Conference Committee members shall be excused from voting during meetings of the Conference Committee The excuse shall be entered in the Journal if the chairman notifies the Secretary of the actual time of the meeting before leaving and after returning to the Chamber
Rule 180 No Senator shall vote upon any question in the result of which he is personally interested In every case where the seat of a Senator is being contested the sitting Senator and the contestant shall both retire from the Senate before the vote is taken
Rule 181 No pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed as an excuse for not voting
Rule 182 No member shall be permitted to explain his vote during a roll call however on all questions except such as are not debatable any Senator shall be permitted to explain his vote by reducing his explanation to writing in no more than two hundredfifty 250 words The writing shall not impugn the motives of any other Senator and if filed with the Secretary before the confirmation of the Journal on the day next succeeding such vote shall be entered on the Journal of that day
Rule 183 During a roll call on any question no debate shall be had
Excuse time and debate
Conferees
excused
No vote if
interest
conflicts
Contested
seats
No pairing
Explanation
No debate during roll call
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LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Journal record of yeas and nays
23 vote
Journal record of yeas and nays
Recording nonvoters
Consideration and veto
Overriding
Dividing
appropriations
Rule 184 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passage of an act or resolution the Yeas and Nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal
Ga Const art Ill sec VII par XIX
Rule 185 The Yeas and Nays on any question shall at the desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the Journal
Ga Const art Ill sec VII par VI
Rule 186 Whenever on any question the Yeas and Nays shall have been ordered the Secretary shall also enter on the Journal the names of those members not voting
GOVERNORS ACTION
Rule 187 The Governor shall have the revision of all bills passed by the General Assembly before the same shall become laws but twothirds of each House may pass a law notwithstanding his veto and if any bills should not be returned by the Governor within five days Sundays excepted after it has been presented to him the same shall be a law unless the General Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return in which event the Governor shall have thirty days Sundays excepted from the date of adjournment in which to approve the same and if not approved within that time the same shall become a law He may approve any appropriation and veto any other appropriation in the same bill and the latter shall not be effectual unless passed by twothirds of each House
Whenever such bill has been vetoed by the Governor it shall be the duty of the Governor
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to transmit such bill to the presiding officer of the Branch of the General Assembly in which it originated together with a list of reasons if any for such veto Such transmission shall be made within thirtyfive 35 days Sundays excepted from the date of the adjournment of the Session of the General Assembly at which such bill was passed Such bill may be considered by the Branch of the General Assembly in which it originated at any time within the first ten 10 days of the next regular session of the General Assembly for the purpose of overriding the action of the Governor In the event the action of the Governor is overridden by twothirds of the votes of such Branch of the General Assembly the same shall be immediately transmitted by the Secretary of or the Clerk of such Branch of the General Assembly to the other Branch of the General Assembly It shall be the duty of the presiding officer of such other Branch of the General Assembly upon receiving such bill to dispense with all business that is then being considered and to then and there consider and act upon such bill for the purpose of overriding the action of the Governor In the event the action of the Governor is overridden by twothirds of the votes of such Branch of the General Assembly such bill shall become law In the event either Branch of the General Assembly should fail to override the Governors action on a bill such bill shall not again be presented to the General Assembly of Georgia for the purpose of overriding the action of the Governor In the event any bill is enacted into law pursuant to the terms of this paragraph the effective date of such bill shall be on the date that such bill was acted upon by the Branch of the General Assembly last acting upon such bill
Provided however that any bills that are vetoed by the Governor after the adjournment of
Overriding
vetoes
148 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL the regular session of the General Assembly immediately preceding the general election in which the Governor is elected shall not be subject to be overridden by the next regular session of the General Assembly Ga Const art V sec I par XV
Subject matter Rule 188 Every vote resolution or order to which the concurrence of both Houses may be necessary except on a question of election or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor and before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be repassed by twothirds of each House provided however that nothing of each House provided however that
Not constitutional amendments strued to confer on the Governor the right to veto or enter his disapproval of any proposal made by the General Assembly to amend the Constitution Ga Const art V sec I par XVI
Signature required Rule 189 No provision in this Constitution for a twothirds vote of both Houses of the General Assembly shall be construed to waive the necessity for the signature of the Governor as in any other case except in the case of the twothirds vote required to override the veto to submit constitutional amendments and in case
Exceptions of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly Ga Const art Ill sec VII par XXI
Appointment COMMITTEE ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTION Rule 190 The Committee on Committees shall appoint the following standing committees which shall not exceed the following number of Senators each
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Agriculture7
Appropriations19
Banking Finance and Insurance15
Consumer Affairs5
County and Urban Affairs5
Defense and Veterans Affairs5
Economy Reorganization and Efficiency in Government12
Education11
Higher Education8
Human Resources11
Industry Labor and Tourism7
Interstate Cooperation5
Judiciary14
Natural Resources and Environmental Quality9
Offender Rehabilitation6
Public UtilitiesSi
Retirement5
Rules12
Transportation7
Each Senator shall be appointed to serve on three committees provided for in this Rule and no more
The Committee on Committees shall appoint a chairman a vice chairman and a secretary for all standing committees and a chairman of standing subcommittees No Senator shall be appointed chairman or vice chairman of more than one committee
The Committee on Committees may create in its discretion within any standing committee a subcommittee or subcommittees and appoint the membership and officers thereof Nothing herein contained shall be construed to limit the authority of the standing committees or the officers thereof
Once a Senator is appointed to a standing committee he shall never be removed therefrom as long as he is a member of the Senate unless that Senator so requests
Name and number of Senators on each Committee
Membership
limits
Appointment of officers
Subcommittees
Tenure
150
Vacancies
Organization
Calling meetings
Vice Chairmans powers
Quorum M in ut es
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Rule 191 After the announcement of the standing committees no other Senators shall be placed thereon except when Senators have been elected to fill vacancies caused by death or resignation from the Senate or by being reassigned at his request by the Committee on Committees the Committee on Committees may assign any Senator to such committees as have vacancies and it may fill any vacancy in the offices of chairman vice chairman or secretary
Rule 192 Each committee or subcommittee shall first meet upon the call of the chairman and perfect its organization After the organizational meeting each committee or subcommittee shall meet upon the call of its chairman provided that the vice chairman may call a meeting of the committee or subcommittee if he obtains a certificate from the President certifying that the chairman is incapacitated or if he is directed in writing by the chairman to so call the meeting to consider such measures as specified by the chairman All subcommittees shall be subject to the will of their parent standing committees and the officers thereof No bill shall be reported to the Senate until it has been acted upon by the full standing committee and all actions of any subcommittee shall be approved or disapproved by the standing committee
Each standing committee at its first organizationalmeeting for the term shall set a quorum however the quorum shall not be set at less than a majority of the membership of the committee
The secretary of each standing committee or subcommittee shall keep minutes of the meetings of the committee or subcommittee as directed by the chairman and shall see that proceedings of all meetings are reduced to writing This record shall show the time and place of each meeting of the committee the attendance of the committee members and an accurate record of all votes
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taken This record shall also include such additional information as the committee shall determine Committee minutes shall be subject to correction only if authorized by a majority vote of the committee The committee minutes shall include the number of all bills acted upon all motions and results and any appearances by any persons other than members of the committee
All committee reports shall be prepared under the direction of the chairman and no committee report shall be offered unless signed by the chairman of the committee or the person acting as chairman when the bill was voted upon
Testimony before the committee may be recorded at the discretion of the committee however any additional paid personnel to take testi Recording ami mony must be approved by the President of the transcription of Senate Transcription of any recorded testimony tes imonyshall be made or released only upon the written direction of the committee or the Secretary of the Senate when the Senate is not in session
The committee shall not vote on any bill until the author or his designee has been given the op Appearance by portunity to appear and be heard Each committee author shall provide in writing the details for carrying out the provisions of this paragraph
When a bill or resolution is before the committee for consideration the following shall be the precedence of the motions 1 a motion that a bill do Motions pass 2 a motion that a bill do not pass 3 a motion to postpone to a time certain 4 a motion to refer a bill to a subcommittee
A do pass motion that fails does not automatically give a do vot pass recommendation nor does a do wt pass motion which fails give an affirmative recommendation

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LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Yeas and Nays
Vote by Chairman
No proxies
Seconding of motions
Appeals
Absences
Minority Report
Notice of meetings
Upon the call for the yeas and nays if onethird of the members present sustain the call the roll call shall be taken and recorded
The chairman or the senator presiding in the place of the chairman shall not vote unless the committee shall be equally divided or unless his vote if given in the minority will make the division equal In case the vote is equally divided the chairman or the senator acting in his place must vote
No member of any committee shall be allowed to vote by proxy or abstain from voting
All motions in standing committees shall receive a second before being put by the presiding officer
Appeals from the ruling of the chairman shall be in order if seconded Procedure in committee following an appeal which has been properly seconded shall be the same procedure followed in the Senate
The minutes shall show the date and the time the committee convened and adjourned Any member may file a statement from the chairman of a committee whose meeting he the committee member is attending to be included in the roll call portion of the minutes of any other committee meeting held at an overlapping time that he was absent because he was attending another standing committee meeting of which he is a member
Any member or members of a committee may file a minority report in writing as provided in Senate Rule 122
Each committee meeting shall be posted in the office of the Secretary of the Senate no less than twelve 12 hours prior to the meeting and such posting shall note the meeting time and place except these provisions shall not apply during the last twelve 12 days of a regular session The provisions for a twelve 12 hour notice may be waived upon the approval of the majority of the
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Senate upon written motion by the chairman of the committee
A committee cannot circumvent the provisions of the rules governing committees by suspending any rule or part thereof
When these rules are not applicable the Senate rules shall apply and when neither apply the committee shall be governed by acceptable parliamentary procedure
Rule 193 The Chief Justice Emeritus and the Associate Judge Emeritus shall constitute the Advisory Appellate Council
Ga Code Ann sec 244608
Rule 194 It shall also be the duty of the said Advisory Appellate Council to consult with the AttorneyGeneral and the assistants to the AttorneyGeneral upon legal matters when their advice and consultation is requested It shall further be the duty of the said Advisory Appellate Council to consult with committees of the General Assembly and to furnish advice and information to said committees of the General Assembly upon questions of law when their advice and assistance is requested
Ga Code Ann sec 244610
Rule 195 All officers and employees of the Senate shall be paid for their services by the Legislative Fiscal Officer from funds appropriated to the General Assembly
Ga Code Ann sec 47304
Rule 196 The compensation due to the officers and members of the General Assembly shall be certified by the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives respec
Advisory
Appellate
Council
Duties of Advisory Appellate Council
Payment of officers and employees
Certification of accounts
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LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Out of State travel
No compensation from other State
departments
Election of State officers
tively upon the report of the auditing committee to the Legislative Fiscal Officer who afterwards shall pay each member who shall present his account duly audited
Ga Code Ann sec 47110
Rule 197 No member shall engage in any travel at State expense outside the State of Georgia unless such travel is first approved in writing by the chairman of the committee and the President of the Senate The member requesting such travel shall state in writing the places to be visited the dates thereof and the purposes therefor which purposes shall be relevant to legitimate legislative matters a copy of which shall be filed with the Legislative Fiscal Officer prior to the travel These provisions shall not apply to the Chairman of the Committee on Interstate Cooperation Every voucher for reimbursement of expenses by members of the General Assembly for out of State travel must contain an itemized listing of all expenses and be approved by the chairman of the committee before the Legislative Fiscal Officer shall be authorized to disburse any funds on such voucher
Rule 198 A person shall not be paid for services rendered to the Senate in any capacity while such person is drawing any salary wages or other compensation from any other Department of the State
ELECTION AND INAUGURATION OF GOVERNOR
Rule 199 Every State officer whose election is not otherwise provided for shall be elected by the General Assembly in the same manner and at the Same time as other officers are elected by them
Ga Code Ann sec 47401
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Rule 200 In nominating candidates for any office no other candidate shall be disparaged
Rule 201 All elections by the General Assembly shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the Journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of election they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare the results
Ga Const art Ill sec X par I
Rule 202 In all elections a majority of the Senators voting provided the total vote constitutes a quorum must make the choice
Rule 203 The returns of each election district in a gubernatorial election shall be sealed up by the superintendent thereof separately from other returns and shall be transmitted to the Secretary of State On the Tuesday next following the general election unless the date therefor shall be changed by law the Secretary of State shall transmit said returns to a Constitutional Officers Election Board which shall be composed of the Speaker and Clerk of the House of Representatives the President Pro Tempore and the Secretary of the Senate and the chairmen of all standing committees of the General Assembly Such board shall open and publish the returns and the person having the majority of the whole number of votes shall be declared duly elected Governor of this State Each candidate for Governor shall be entitled to designate one person to be present at the opening of the returns
Ga Const art V sec I par III
Rule 204 In the event no gubernatorial candidate receives a majority of the whole number of votes cast in the general election the Constitu
No disparagement in nomination
Viva voce vote
Journal entry
Meet in House
President
presides
Vote required
Action on returns for Governors election
Runoff election for Governor
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LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
tional Officers Election Board shall continue the gubernatorial election by immediately calling a runoff election and designate as candidates therein the two persons who received the highest number of votes who continue in life and have not declined to continue as a gubernatorial candidate This runoff election shall be held on the third Tuesday immediately following the general election unless the date thereof shall be changed by the General Assembly The runoff election shall be a continuation of the general election and only the electors who were entitled to vote in the general election shall be entitled to vote therein and only those votes cast for the two persons designated shall be counted in the tabulation and canvass of the votes cast The provisions relating to the transmission of the returns in the general election the opening of the returns their tabulation canvassing and publication shall apply to the runoff election On the Tuesday next following the runoff election the Constitutional Officers Election Board shall convene open canvass tabulate and publish the returns of the runoff election The person having the highest number of votes entitled to be counted in the runoff election shall be declared the duly elected Governor of this State
Ga Const art V sec I par IV
Rule 205 The Governor shall begin this disFirst week charge of his duties from the time of his inauguration The ceremony of inauguration shall take place during the first week of the session of the General Assembly next after the election and on such day of that week as the General Assembly by joint resolution shall appoint On failure of appointment it shall take place at 1200 noon on Saturday of that week unless prevented by providential cause
Ga Code Ann sec 40103
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Rule 206 The oath prescribed by the ninth Paragraph of the first section of the fifth Article of the Constitution of this State shall be taken by the Governorelect in the presence of the General Asse nbly in joint session of the Senate and House of R presentatives Upon so taking the oath the Govf morelect shall become Governor
Ga Code Ann sec 40104
R lie 207 The Governor shall before he enters on t e duties of his office take the following oath or affirmation I do solemnly swear or affirm as the case may be that I will faithfully execute the office of Governor of the State of Georgia and will to the best of my ability preserve protect and defend the Constitution thereof and the Constitution of the United States of America
Ga Const art V sec I par IX
Rule 208 The fact of such inauguration of the Governor shall be entered upon the Journal of the House of Representatives and shall be conclusive evidence of his right and title to the office and of his eligibility and qualification
Ga Code Ann sec 401042
Rule 209 The General Assembly may provide by law for any additional procedures or requirements connected with any subject matter embraced within Paragraphs III and IV Ga Code Ann sec 23003 and 23004 and in connection with any contested election provided such laws are not inconsistent with the provisions therein
Ga Const art V sec I par V
CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS
Rule 210 A new Constitution may be proposed by the General Assembly or by a Constitutional Convention The proposal by the General Assembly
Oath
Journal entry
Contested
elections
Resolution
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LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Vote
Journal entry
Repeal or amendment
to provide for a new Constitution or to amend this Constitution shall originate as a Resolution in either the Senate or the House of Representatives and if approved by twothirds of the members elected to each branch of the General Assembly in a roll call vote such proposal shall be entered on the Journals of each branch with the Ayes and Nays taken thereon Any proposal to amend this Constitution or any proposal for a new Constitution may be amended or repealed by the same General Assembly which adopted such proposal by the affirmative vote of twothirds of the members elected to each branch of the General Assembly in a roll call vote entered on their respective Journals if such action is taken at least two months prior to the date of the election at which such proposal i to be submitted
The Governor the Attorney General and the Secretary of State shall meet and determine whether a proposed amendment is general and if not general shall determine what political subdivision or subdivisions are directly affected by such proposed amendment If a proposed amendment is general it shall be published as provided by law in full once each week for three consecutive weeks immediately preceding the date of the election at which such proposed amendment is to be submitted in one newspaper of general circulation in each congressional district of the State If such proposed amendment is not general it shall be published as provided by law in full once each week for three consecutive weeks immediately preceding the date of the election at which such proposed amendment is to be submitted in one newspaper of general circulation in each county in which the directly affected political subdivision or subdivisions are located In the event no such newspaper is located in such county a newspaper in an adjoining county shall be used A proposal for a new Constitution shall be published in the same manner as proposed general amendments
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159
Approval
Any proposed amendment which is general or a proposal for a new Constitution shall be submitted to the people of the entire State at the next general election which is held in the evennumbered years and if ratified by a majority ol the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment shall become a part of this Constitution or shall become the new Constitution as the case may be A proposed amendment which is not general shall be submitted at the next genera election which is held in the evennumbered years but shall only be submitted to the people of the political subdivision or subdivisions directly atfected The votes of the electors in each political subdivision affected shall be counted separately in determining whether such proposed amendment is ratified and it must be ratified by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon in each such political subdivision before it shall become a part of this Constitution The General Assembly in the Resolution shall state the language to be use LangUage of in submitting the proposed amendment or pro proposal posai for a new Constitution When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time thev shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately but ser this shall not apply to a proposal for a new Constitution
Ga Const art XIII sec I par I
Rule 211 No Convention of the people shall be called by the General Assembly to revise amend or change this Constitution unless y concurrence of twothirds of all members of each House of the General Assembly The rePr convention tion in said convention shall be based on population as near as practicable This Constitution shall not be revised amended or changed by the
160 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Convention until the proposed revision amendment or change has been submitted ahd ratified by the people in the manner provided for submission and ratification of amendment proposed by the General Assembly Ga Const art XIII sec I par II
No veto Rule 212 The Governor shall not have the right to veto any proposal by the General Assenibly to amend the Constitution Ga Const art XIII sec I par III
Appropria tions required APPROPRIATION CLAIMS AND FINANCE Rule 213 No money shall be drawn from the Treasury except by appropriation made bv law Ga Const art Ill sec VII par XI
Origination in House Rule 214 All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills Ga Const art Ill sec VII par X
Recording of yeas and nays Rule 215 No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the Yeas and Nays in each House are recorded Ga Const art Ill sec VII par XII
Resolutions treated same Rule 216 All resolutions which may appropriate money out of any funds shall be treated in all respects in the manner of introduction and procedure as bills they shall originate in the House of Representatives and shall receive three
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161
readings previous to their passage but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in case of bills
Ga Code Ann sec 47503
Rule 217 a The Governor shall submit to the General Assembly within five days after its convening in regular session in 1973 and each year thereafter a budget message and a budget report accompanied by a draft of a General Appropriations Bill in such form and manner as may be prescribed by statute which shall provide for the appropriation of the funds necessary to operate all the various departments and agencies and to meet the current expenses of the State for the next fiscal year
b The General Assembly shall annually appropriate the funds necessary to operate all the various departments and agencies and meet the current expenses of the State for the next fiscal year The fiscal year of the State shall commence on the first day of July of each year and terminate on the thirtieth of June following
c The General Assembly shall by general law provide for the regulation and management of the finance and fiscal administration of the State
Ga Const art VII sec IX par I
a Each General Appropriations Act now of force or hereafter adopted with such amendments as are adopted from time to time shall continue in force and effect for the next fiscal year after adoption and it shall then expire except for the mandatory appropriations required by this Constitution and those required to meet contractual obligations authorized by this Constitution and the continued appropriation of Federal Grants
Budget
procedure
162
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
b The General Assembly shall not appropriate funds for any given fiscal year which in aggregate exceed a sum equal to the amount of unappropriated surplus expected to have accrued in the State Treasury at the beginning of the fiscal year together with an amount not greater than the total Treasury receipts from existing revenue sources anticipated to be collected in the fiscal year less refunds as estimated in the Budget Report and amendments thereto Supplementary appropriations if any shall be made in the manner provided in Article VII Section IX Paragraph III section 26203 of this Constitution but in no event shall a Supplementary Appropriations Act continue in force and effect beyond the expiration of the General Appropriations Act in effect when such Supplementary Appropriations Act was adopted and approved
c All appropriated funds except for the mandatory appropriations required by this Constitution remaining unexpended and not contractually obligated at the expiration of such General Appropriations Act shall lapse
d All Federal funds received by the State of Georgia are hereby continually appropriated in the exact amounts and for the purposes authorized and directed by the Federal Government in making the grant
e The State State institutions departments and agencies of the State are hereby prohibited from entering into any contract with any public agency public corporation or authority pursuant to the provisions of Article VII Section Vi Paragraph I section 25901 a which such contract constitutes security for bonds or other obligations issued by any such public agency public corporation or authority and the appropriation or expenditure of any funds for the payment of obliga
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The Governor through the Office of Planning anH Budget shall prepare and submit to the General Assembly within five days after its organization a budget report for consideration either with or without amendments and modifications by the General Assembly
Ga Code Ann sec 40405
The budget report shall contain and include the following information
1 Summary statements of the financial condition of the State accompanied by such detailed schedules of assets and liabilities as the Governor deems desirable which shall include but not be limited to the following
a A comparative consolidated balance sheet showing all the assets and liabilities of the State and the surplus or deficit as the case may be at the close of each of the two fiscal years last concluded
b Summary statements of fund balances showing in detail for each fund the surplus or deficit at the beginning of each of the two fiscal years last concluded the actual income of that year the total appropriation of that year and the total expenditures of that year
c Similar summary statements of the estimated fund balances for the current fiscal year and each of the next two fiscal years
2 Statements of income and receipts for each of the two fiscal years last concluded and the estimated income and receipts of the current fiscal year and of each of the next two fiscal years and a statement of unappropriated surplus expected to have accrued in the State Treasury at the beginning of the next fiscal year The state
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LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
The Governor through the Office of Planning and Budget shall prepare and submit to the General Assembly within five days after its organization a budget report for consideration either with or without amendments and modifications by the General Assembly
Ga Code Ann sec 46405
The budget report shall contain and include the following information
1 Summary statements of the financial condition of the State accompanied by such detailed schedules of assets and liabilities as the Governor deems desirable which shall include but not be limited to the following
a A comparative consolidated balance sheet showing all the assets and liabilities of the State and the surplus or deficit as the case may be at the close of each of the two fiscal years last concluded
b Summary statements of fund balances showing in detail for each fund the surplus or deficit at the beginning of each of the two fiscal years last concluded the actual income of that year the total appropriation of that year and the total expenditures of that year
c Similar summary statements of the estimated fund balances for the current fiscal year and each of the next two fiscal years
2 Statements of income and receipts for each of the two fiscal years last concluded and the estimated income and receipts of the current fiscal year and of each of the next two fiscal years and a statement of unappropriated surplus expected to have accrued in the State Treasury at the beginning of the next fiscal year The state
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
merits of income and estimated income shall be itemized by sources and by budget unit collecting the same The statements of receipts and estimated receipts shall be itemized by sources and by budget unit receiving the same Existing sources of income and receipts shall be analyzed as to their equity productivity and need for revision and any proposed new sources of income or receipts shall be explained
3 Summary statements of expenditures and disbursements for each of the two fiscal years last concluded itemized by budget units under functional heads and showing the amounts expended for each major function of the government
4 A statement of the surplus account showing the excess of all current assets over all current liabilities as of the end of each of the two fiscal years last concluded and all changes in surplus account during each of such two fiscal years
5 Detailed comparative statements of expenditures and requests for appropriations by funds budget units and budget classes showing the expenditures for each of the two fiscal years last concluded the budget of the current year and the Governors recommendations for appropriations for each budget unit for each of the next two fiscal years all distributed according to budget classes of ordinary recurrring expenses of operation and maintenance including but not limited to persona services and authority lease rentals and of extraordinary expenses and capital outlay Following the lists of actual and proposed expenditures of each budget unit there shall be a brief explanation of the functions of the unit and comments on its policies and plans and on any considerable differences among the amounts expended and the amounts recommended with such descriptive quantitative comparative and other data as to work done unit costs and like informa
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LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
tion as is considered necessary or desirable In connection with each budget class of capital outlays involving construction projects to be completed in two or more fiscal years there shall be shown the total estimated cost of each such project and the amount thereof recommended to be appropriated and expended in each ensuing fiscal year until completion of the project Capital outlay needs shall be projected for at least three years beyond the period covered by the budget
6 A summary statement of the cash resources estimated to be available at the beginning of each of the next two fiscal years and the estimated cash receipts of the fiscal year as compared with the total recommended amounts of appropriation for all budget classes for the year and if the total of the recommended expenditures exceeds the total of the estimated resources recommendations as to how the deficiency is to be met and estimates of receipts from any proposed additional revenues
7 A draft of a proposed General Appropriations Act or Acts embodying the Governors budget report and recommendations for appropriations for each of the next two ensuing fiscal years and drafts of such revenue and other Acts as may be recommended for putting into effect the proposed financial plan The recommended appropriation for each budget unit shall be specified in a separate section of the Appropriations Act The total amount of appropriations recommended shall not exceed the cash resources available to meet expenditures under such appropriations
8 Such other information as the Governor deems desirable or as is required by law Acts 1962 pp 17 22 1963 pp 427 428
Ga Code Ann sec 40406
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167
Rule 218 The General Appropriations Bill shall embrace nothing except appropriations fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the Executive Legislative and Judicial Departments of the Government payment of the public debt and interest thereon and for support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appropriations shall be made by separate bills each embracing but one subject
Ga Const art Ill sec VII par IX
Rule 219 All General Appropriations Bills in addition to the customary itemized statements of the amounts appropriated for the usual expenses of the Executive Legislative and Judicial Departments of the Government and for the support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State shall contain also a like itemized statement of all amounts appropriated by any previous law to be paid annually out of the treasury and such amounts so appropriated by previous laws shall not be paid from the treasury unless they are embraced in the General Appropriations Act
Ga Code Ann sec 47502
Rule 220 a Except as hereinafter provided the appropriation for each department officer bureau board commission agency or institution for which appropriation is made shall be for a specific sum of money and no appropriation shall allocate to any object the proceeds of any particular tax or fund or a part or percentage thereof
b An amount equal to all money derived from motor fuel taxes received by the State in each of the immediately preceding fiscal years less the amount of refunds rebates and collection costs authorized by law is hereby appropriated for the
Contents of general appro priations bill
Required itemization of past appropriations
Specific sum not fund
Motor fuel taxes to highways
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LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Emergency
Supplementary
Appropria
tions
fiscal year beginning July 1 of each year following for all activities incident to providing and maintaining an adequate system of public roads and bridges in this State as authorized by laws enacted by the General Assembly of Georgia and for grants to counties by law authorizing road construction and maintenance as provided by law authorizing such grants Said sum is hereby appropriated for and shall be available for the aforesaid purposes regardless of whether the General Assembly enacts a General Appropriations Act and said sum need not be specificially stated in any General Appropriations Act passed by the General Assembly in order to be available for such purposes However this shall not preclude the General Assembly from appropriating for such purposes an amount greater than the sum specified above for such purposes The expenditure of such funds shall be subject to all the rules regulations and restrictions imposed on the expenditure of appropriations by provisions of the Constitution and laws of this State unless such provisions are in conflict with the provisions of this paragraph And provided however that the proceeds of the tax hereby appropriated shall not be subject to budgetary reduction In the event of invasion of this State by land sea or air or in case of a major catastrophe so proclaimed by the Governor said funds may be utilized for defense or relief purposes on the Executive Order of the Governor
Ga Const art VII sec IX par IV
Rule 221 In addition to the appropriations made by the General Appropriations Act and amendments thereto the General Assembly may make additional appropriations by Acts which shall be known as Supplementary Appropriations Acts provided no such supplementary appropriation shall be available unless there is an unap
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
169
propriated surplus in the State Treasury or the revenue necessary to pay such appropriation shall have been provided by a tax laid for such purpose and collected into the General Fund of the State Treasury Neither House shall pass a Supplementary Appropriations Bill until the General Appropriations Act shall have been finally adopted by both Houses and approved by the Governor
Ga Const art VII sec IX par III
Rule 222 All Resolutions which may appropriate money out of any fund shall be treated in all respects in the manner of introduction and procedure as bills they shall originate in the House of Representatives and shall receive three readings previous to their passage but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in case of bills
Ga Code Ann sec 47503
Rule 223 The Claims Advisory Board hereinafter called the board shall be composed of the Secretary of State who shall be chairman the Commissioner of Human Resources and the Director of the Department of Transportation
Ga Code Ann sec 47504
Any Resolution relative to a claim against the State or any of its departments or agencies must be introduced in the House of Representatives No such Resolution may be introduced unless a notice of claim has been filed with the board on or before the 15th day of November immediately preceding the introduction of such Resolution if the event giving rise to a claim against the State occurred on or before the fifth day of November If said event occurred subsequent to the fifth day
Compensation
resolutions
Claims
Advisory
Board
Procedure for compensation resolutions
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LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
of November immediately preceding the introduction of such Resolution a notice of claim shall be filed as herein provided within 10 days after the occurrence of said event No such Resolution may be introduced later than 15 days prior to adjournment of the General Assembly The board shall provide forms to be used in filing a notice of claim and shall make them available for such purpose When such notice is filed the board shall inform the person filing such notice in writing the information it will require in order to take action on such claim Such information may include accident reports affidavits statements bills receipts letters documents and any other supporting material or data deemed necessary by the board All such information must be filed with the board prior to the introduction of the Resolution
Ga Code Ann sec 47505
It shall be the duty of each State department and agency to file with the Claims Advisory Board a notice of possibility of claim covering any occurrence which would be the subject of a notice of claim as provided in section 47505 Such notice of possibility of claim shall be filed on forms provided by the Claims Advisory Board and furnished to each State department and agency upon request It shall be the duty of each State department and agency to file such notice of possibility of claim within 30 days after the date of any such occurrence If filed within the same time limitations provided relative to the filing of notices of claim as provided in section 47505 such notice of possibility of claim shall be sufficient for action to be taken thereon and the fact that no notice of claim has been filed within the time provided shall not prevent the introduction of a Resolution and action thereon as provided in this law
Ga Code Ann sec 475051
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171
Rule 224 Any Compensation Resolution shall be referred by the Speaker of the House to the Appropriations Committee of the House and the Clerk of the House shall transmit a certified copy of such Resolution to the chairman of the board not later than the day after its referral to the Appropriations Committee Upon receipt of such copy the chairman after consultation with the other members of the board shall set a time for acting on such claim and shall set a date for a hearing if a hearing is deemed necessary In the event a hearing is to be held the Representative introducing the Resolution shall be notified of the date time and place thereof Such other persons as the board deems necessary shall likewise be notified The Representative introducing the Resolution shall be notified as to the action taken by the board on such claim and the recommendation made by the board to the Appropriations Committee In the event the Representative is dissatisfied with the recommendation of the board and no hearing has been held he shall be entitled to have the board set a hearing by so requesting the chairman in writing
Ga Code Ann sec 47506
Upon receipt of a notice of claim the board may begin its investigation thereof or it may wait until the supporting information provided for hereinbefore has been furnished After the board has investigated the claim after introduction of the Resolution and after a hearing thereon if any the board shall prepare a statement including its findings its determination of the merits of the claim its recommendation as to the payment thereof and such other information as the board deems advisable Such statement shall be immediately transmitted to the Chairman of the House Appropriations Committee who shall present the same to the full committee The recom
Com penst ion resolutions oriiiinate in House
172 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL mendations of the board shall be advisory in nature only and shall not be binding on the House of Representatives the Senate nor any committee of either The Resolution shall be acted upon in the same manner as provided by law and the Rules of the House and Senate for action upon bills Ga Code Ann sec 47507 No Compensation Resolution shall be passed without being presented to the board and the board is hereby prohibited from considering any Resolution unless notice of claim is filed within the time provided for hereinbefore and unless the Resolution is introduced within the time limitations specified hereinbefore and unless the information required by the board is filed within the time limitations specified hereinbefore The board shall make no recommendations during the last 10 days of any regular session of the General Assembly Ga Code Ann sec 47508
Specific borrowing purpose Rule 225 All laws authorizing the borrowing of money by or on behalf of the State shall specify the purpose for which the money is to be used and the money so obtained shall be used for the purpose specified and for no other Ga Const art VII sec Ill par III
Control if rules do not cover RULES Rule 226 When any question arises which is not provided for in the foregoing rules the same shall be controlled by the rules usually governinglegislative bodies
Rules variations to Rules Committee Rule 227 No suspension of change in or addition to these rules shall be made unless such proposed change addition or suspension be first
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
173
referred in writing to the Committee on Rules and reported back to the Senate Provided that the rules may be suspended by unanimous consent of the Senate without referral to the Committee on Rules when not prohibited by the rules acts or the Constitution
The Committee on Rules must report rules changes additions or suspensions submitted to it immediately after the confirmation of the Journal on the day following the introduction in the Senate of the proposed change addition or suspension A failure to so report such proposed suspension change or addition to these rules within two days shall automatically bring said proposed suspension change or addition before the Senate for consideration
Rule 228 Upon receiving nominations by the Governor that require Senate confirmation the President shall notify the Senate that such nominations have been received However no nominations may be considered by the Senate until the expiration of seventytwo 72 hours after receipt thereof by the President or until the expiration of fortyeight 48 hours after being referred to a committee The President shall make such nominations available for review by any Senator Any Senator may notify the President in writing that he wishes to have a nomination considered by a standing committee provided however any nomination to the State Board of Education or the Board of Regents shall be considered by a standing committee before consideration by the Senate without the necessity of a written request therefor and said committee shall notify the Governor of the time date and place of the committee meeting for consideration of such nomination The President shall then refer any such nomination to the standing committee of the
Suspension by
unanimous
consent
Required
report
Time for consideration of Governors appointments
Request for consideration by standing committee
Notification to Governor
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LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Senate which would ordinarily consider bills or resolutions relative to the board bureau commission or other office to which such nominee was nominated and such standing committee shall be called by the chairman of said standing committee within a reasonable time after receiving said request from the President At the time the Senate considers such nominations the committee or committees shall make their recommendations if any relative to such nominees
This Rule may be suspended by a majority vote of the Senate during the last ten 10 days of the session
Upon the request of any Senator the appointee must furnish to the Senate a resume of all business transactions that he has had with the State of Georgia during the period of the two years before the appointment
Rule 229 All sessions of the Senate and all meetings of Senate committees shall be open to the public Except as hereinafter provided all meetings of Conference Committees shall be open to the public When a Conference Committee has been appointed and has begun meeting if two Senate members of the Committee and two House members of the Committee shall decide that the efficiency of the committee is being impeded or Open meetings the comniittee is unable to make sound fiscal recommendations resulting from public meetings a report of this decision shall be made by the Senate conferees to the full Senate The full Senate shall then vote and if a majority of the members elected to the Senate vote to adopt said report the Conference Committee shall continue its deliberations in Executive Session The Conference Committee may establish rules for the conduct of its meetings not in conflict with the provisions of this rule
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175
RULES FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY WHEN IN JOINT SESSION
1 The Senate and House of Representatives shall meet in joint session in the Hall of the House of Representatives as soon as possible after the start of the session at such time as may be fixed by joint resolution of both Houses for the purpose of electing such officers of the State as are now or may hereafter be required to be elected by the General Assembly Said joint session shall continue in morning and afternoon sessions from day to day until all of said officers are elected
2 The time of the meeting of the two Houses in joint session shall be determined otherwise by concurrent resolution of the Senate and House of Representatives except where provided by law
When the Senate and the House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall preside and declare the result
3 At the hour determined by the concurrent resolution the Senate shall repair to the Hall of the House of Representatives
4 The President of the Senate shall preside and announce that the General Assembly is in joint session and cause to be read the resolution convening the same He shall put all questions to the body and decide all questions of order An appeal may be taken from any of his decisions to the whole General Assembly
In the absence of the President of the Senate the Speaker of the House shall preside in the absence of both the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House the President Pro
Immediate election meeting in House
Time of meetings
Elections in House
President
presides
Method of meeting
Presidents
powers
Succession
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LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Speakers seat
Quorum
Duty of Sec retary
Journal
Filing papers
Delivery of papers to Secretary of State
No second of nominations
Vote
Tempore of the Senate shall preside in the absence of the three last named the Speaker Pro Tempore of the House shall preside
5 The Speaker of the House shall sit on the left of the President of the Senate
6 A majority of each House shall be necessary to constitute a quorum of the joint session
7 When there is a meeting of both branches of the General Assembly in one chamber said Secretary and Clerk shall be present and join in the discharge of the duties required and shall enter the proceedings on the Journals of each House
Ga Code Ann sec 47205
8 The Secretary of the Senate and the Clerk of the House of Representatives shall within ten 10 days after the adjournment of each session file in proper order all the papers and documents of their respective Houses
Ga Code Ann sec 47206
9 The records papers and documents thus filed shall be delivered to the Secretary of State who upon receipt of the same shall certify that such Secretary and Clerk have respectively complied with said requisition and the State Treasurer shall not pay their respective salaries until such certificate shall be produced
Ga Code Ann sec 47207
10 After a person is nominated for any office in joint session of the General Assembly it shall not be in order to second such nomination When the nomination is declared closed the President shall forthwith order the roll call and each member when called shall rise in his seat and respond
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 177
promptly announcing distinctly his choice for such office
11 No debate shall be in order except as to
questions of order Debate
12 The election in joint session shall be viva Viva voce vote voce and the vote shall appear on the Journal on Journal
of the House of Representatives The votes are to be taken for but one election at one time and a majority of the whole number of votes cast jg One election necessary for a choice at a time
13 In the elections by the General Assembly
no member after having voted shall be allowed Change of to change his vote unless he rises and states in votehis place that he voted by mistake or that his vote had been recorded by mistake
14 No motion to adjourn shall be in order In lieu thereof there shall be the motion to dissolve the joint session which shall be in the form
That the joint session of the General Assembly be now dissolved or That the joint session of Dssolutonthe General Assembly be now dissolved to be reconvened at a time named The latter motion shall have precedence over the former
15 The motion to dissolve the joint session either indefinitely or until a fixed time shall always be in order except that after the roll call has commenced it shall not be in order until after the result of said vote shall have been declared by the President of the Senate
16 When a motion to dissolve the joint session shall be decided ipythe negative the same shall Renewal not again be in order until other business shall have intervened
Not during rollcall
178 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
17 When a motion to dissolve the joint session either indefinitely or to a fixed time shall be decided in the affirmative the President of the Senate shall so declare and the Senate shall without further motion immediately repair to the Senate Chamber
18 These Rules may be amended by the concurrent resolution of the two Houses and they
Amendment or any of them shall cease to be in force when of rules either House shall notify the other House of the
withdrawal of its consent to the same

LEGISLATIVE MANUAL APPENDIX
179
SPECIAL PROCEEDINGS Al Apportionment
The apportionment of the Senate shall be changed by the General Assembly at its first session after each census taken by the United States Government
Ga Const art Ill sec Ill par II
A2 Appointments to Keep Order and for Other Special Purposes
Ga Code Ann sec 47112 When it shall be necessary to carry into effect Section VII of Article III of the Constitution 21901 punishment for misconduct 21902 punishment for contempt or for any like purpose either the President of the Senate or the Speaker of the House of Representatives may appoint any person to execute the orders of the House over which he presides and the warrant of the presiding officer which appointee may receive for the service such compensation as the General Assembly may appropriate Parenthetical material above added
A3 Confirmation of Appointments
The Georgia Constitution provides for the confirmation by the Senate of the Governors appointment of several State boards See Ga Const art V sec I par XI State Board of Pardons and Paroles art V sec IV par I State Department of Natural Resources art V sec V par I Board of Corrections art V sec VI par I State Department of Veterans Service and Veterans Service Board art VIII sec II par I State Board of Education art VIII sec VI par I Board of Regents of the University System and art XIV sec I par I State Personnel Board The Georgia statutes provide for some additional confirmations
Ga Const art V sec I par XIV A person once rejected by
180
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
the Senate shall not be reappointed by the Governor to the same office during the same session or the recess thereafter
A4 County Consolidation
Ga Const art XI sec I par IV The General Assembly shall have power with the concurrence of twothirds of the qualified voters of each of the counties to be affected who participate in elections held for that purpose to provide for the consolidation of two or more counties into one or the merger of one or more counties into another or the division of a county and the merger of portions thereof into other counties
A5 County Site Change
Ga Const art XI sec I par IX No county site shall be changed or removed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the county voting at an election held for that purpose and by a majority vote of the General Assembly
A6 Election of Presidential ElectorsSee Ga Code Ann sec
342503
A7 Election of State Auditor
Ga Code Ann sec 401801 The Department of Audits and Accounts is hereby created and established the head of said Department shall be an experienced auditor and accountant with not less than five years experience as an accountant in the State Department of Audits and Accounts or in a governmental agency of a similar nature or shall be a duly certified public accountant with at least five years practical experience in the duties for which he is certified and who when named or elected as hereinafter prescribed and qualified shall be known and designated as State Auditor
The State Auditor shall be elected by the General Assembly in the following manner A joint resolution which shall fix a definite time for the nomination and election of the State Auditor may be introduced in either branch of the General As
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
181
sembly Upon passage of said resolution by a majority vote of
JieuirnIiber1shi of the Senate and House of Representatives it shall be the duty of the Speaker of the House of Representatives to call for the nomination and election of the State Auditor at the time specified in the resolution at which time the name of the qualified person receiving a majority vote of the membership of the House of Representatives shall be transmitted to the State Senate for confirmation Upon the qualified person receiving a majority vote of the membership of the Senate he shall be declared the duly elected State Auditor and the Governor of the State of Georgia shall be notified of his election by the Secretary of the Senate The Governor is directed to administer the at1 office to the State Auditor and to furnish the State Auditor with a properly executed commission of office certifvine his election
The term of office of the State Auditor shall continue until a successor is elected as provided herein In the event of a vacancy in the position of State Auditor at a time when the General Assembly is not in session it shall be the duty of the Governor of the State of Georgia and he is hereby empowered and directed to appoint a State Auditor possessing the qualifications as provided herein who shall serve as such State Auditor until the next regular session of the General Assembly at which time the nomination and election of a State Auditor shall be held by the General Assembly as provided herein
A8 Extraordinary Sessions
9a Const art IV sec I par XII The Governor shall issue writs of election to fill all vacancies that may happen in the Senate and the House of Representatives and shall give the General Assembly from time to time information of the State of the Commonwealth and recommend to their consideration such measures as he may deem necessary or expedient The Governor shall have power to convoke the General Assembly on extraordinary occasions but no law shall be enacted at called sessions of the General Assembly except such as shall relate to the object stated in his proclamation convening them Providing that such called sessions of the General Assembly shall not exceed seventy 70 days in length unless at the expiration of
182
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
said period there shall be pending an impeachment trial of some officer of the State Government in which event the General Assembly will be authorized to remain in session until such trial shall have been completed
Provided however that when threefifths of the members elected to the House of Representatives and threefifths of the members elected to the Senate shall have certified to the Governor of the State of Georgia that in their opinion an emergency exists in the affairs of the State of Georgia it shall thereupon be the duty of said Governor and mandatory upon him within five 5 days from the receipt of such certificate or certificates to convene said General Assembly in extraordinary session for all purposes and in the event said Governor shall within said time Sundays excluded fail or refuse to convene said General Assembly as aforesaid then and in that event said General Assembly may convene itself in extraordinary session as if convened in regular session for all purposes provided that such extraordinary self convened session shall be limited to a period of thirty 30 days unless at the expiration of said period there shall be pending an impeachment trial of some officer of the State Government in which event the General Assembly shall be authorized to remain in session until such trial shall have been completed
The members of the General Assembly shall receive the same per diem and mileage during such extraordinary session as is now or may be hereinafter provided
Ga Code Ann sec 47116 If any officer or officers of either branch of the Assembly shall fail or refuse to perform any of his duties in completing the organization of such emergency session his office may upon the majority vote of the membership of either branch be declared vacant as often as may be necessary and his successor elected as provided by the rules of the General Assembly
See also Ga Code Ann secs 47113 47114 47115 and 47117
A9 ImpeachmentSee Ga Code Ann art Ill sec V pars Ill IV and V art Ill sec VI par III
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 183
A10 Investigation of State Offices
Ga Code Ann sec 401620 In addition to the power conferred upon the Attorney General in this law 401612 to 401620 the Governor or the General Assembly is authorized likewise to make investigations including investigation of the State Department of Law or the offices of the Attorney General or any agency under his control and all authority and rights granted to the Governor and the General Assembly shall be as complete and absolute as those granted hereunder to the Attorney General In any civil or criminal action against the Attorney General the Governor shall designate a solicitor general who shall be empowered in such case to act for the State
All Public Service Commission Agreements Confirmation of See Ga Code Ann secs 681003 through 681007
A12 State Officers Suspension and Discharge of
Ga Const art V sec I par XVII The General Assembly shall have authority to provide by law for the suspension of any Constitutional officer or department head from the discharge of the duties of his office and also for the appointment of a suitable person to discharge the duties of the same
Ga Code Ann sec 47701 The General Assembly may suspend from the functions and duties of office either the State Treasurer or the Comptroller General by joint resolution duly adopted after being read one time in each House on different days and by a twothirds vote of members voting on the same whenever the interests of the State or the proper administration of the law demand such suspension
A13 Street Passenger Railways
Ga Const art Ill sec VII par XXV The General Assembly shall not authorize the construction of any street passenger railway within the limits of any incorporate town or city without the consent of the Corporate Authorities
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LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
A14 Supreme Court Rules Approval ofSee Ga Code Ann secs 811502 and 811503
A15 Treason PardonSee Ga Const art V sec I par XI and Ga Code Ann sec 272701
A16 Special and Local Legislation
Ga Const art I sec IV par I Laws of a general nature shall have uniform operation throughout the State and no special law shall be enacted in any case for which provision has been made by an existing general law No general law affecting private rights shall be varied in any particular case by special legislation except with the free consent in writing of all persons to be affected thereby and no person under legal disability to contract is capable of such consent
A17 Legislators as State Officers
Ga Const art I sec I par XXIII The legislative judicial and executive powers shall forever remain separate and distinct and no person discharging the duties of one shall at the same time exercise the functions of either of the others except as herein provided
Ga Const art Ill sec IV par VI No person holding a military commission or other appointment or office having any emolument or compensation annexed thereto under this State or the United States or either of them except Justices of the Peace and officers of the militia nor any defaulter for public money or for any legal taxes required of him shall have a seat in either House nor shall any Senator or Representative after his qualification as such be elected by the General Assembly or appointed by the Governor either with or without the advice and consent of the Senate to any office or appointment having any emolument annexed thereto during the time for which he shall have been elected unless he shall first resign his seat provided however that during the term for which he was elected no Senator or Representative shall be
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
185
termnted t0 ny office wbicb has been created during such
Annc 265009 To the end that the mandate of the
9 VntuCOntrrindun 1 Section L Paragraph XXIII
123 to the effect that the legislative judiciary and execu
n1pVrePT1Vha1 f0ruve5 remain separate and distinct and no person discharging the duties of one shall at the same time exercise the functions of either of the others be more adequately enforced it shall be unlawful for a members of the General Assembly to accept or hold office or employment in the executive branch of the government of the State of Georgia or any agency thereof or in the judicial branch of government
Icceit SrShoWCnfrrS f reC0rd0r their clerks and assistants to accept or hold office or employment m the executive branch
e government of the State of Georgia or any agency thereof or in the legislative branch of government c officers or
hold office f He tX6CUtlTe brtnC1h f vernment to accept or hold office or employment m the legislative or judicial branches
of government Any person who knowingly disburses or receives compensation or money in violation of this section shall be SSjK fa misdemeanor Provided however that nothing within this section shall be construed to apply to any officeor employee f the executive branch who has taken a leave of absence
oJSaSE k1S P n temprary service as an employee 651S ftlVe brancb wblle it is in session and during the authorized stay over period y e
a Ga deu fec 58175 No member of the General
Assembly shall be eligible for employment under any office or job created by this Chapter Liquor Act during the ter of Pfflcf for wblcb bels elected and this provision shall apply to legislators elected m the future as well as those now elected Parenthetical phrase added ecLea
sembiyC shahp N member of the General As
semblv shall be eligible to be appointed to the position of
mint nf Commissioner nor to any other position in the Department f Revenue until the term of office as such member of Assembly has expired and no person other than bona fide resident of the State for more than ten 10 years
186 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
SrelrAVigible to appontment as State Revenue Commissioner nor shall any person be appointed to the offire nf rnm
shall not include members USed
A18 sionsFShiP f LeRisators on Stat Boards and Commis
Legislator
Members
Legislator member of Commission on Interstate Cooperation designated by this Commission
Senator and Representative designated by the Georgia Commission on Interstate Cooperation
President Speaker Secretary Clerk Chairmen of Senate and House Appropriations Committees Chairmen of Senate and House Judiciary Committees Chairman of Senate Committee on Banking and Finance and Chairman of House Ways and Means Committee
Board or Commission
Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission
Advisory Committee for Southeastern Interstate Forest Fire Protection Compact
Legislative Services Committee
Relevant Statutory Provisions
Ga Code Anno sec 45124 Ga Laws 1972 p 1051
Ga Code Anno sec 43912 Ga Laws 1972 p 1051
Ga Code Anno sec 471201
President Speaker and members of Senate and House Committees on Interstate Cooperation
Georgia Commission on Interstate Cooperation
Ga Code Anno sec 471104
Members of Senate and House Committees on Interstate Cooperation
Senate Council and House Council of the American Legislators Association
Ga Code Anno sec 471105
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
187
Legislator
Members
Chairmen of Agriculture Committees of Senate and House or some person designated by them
Chairman of House Ways and Means Committee and Chairman of Senate Banking and Finance Committee
Two Senators and three Representatives involved in tobacco production appointed by President and Speaker respectively
Senator and Representative appointed by their respective houses
Board or Commission
Advisory Board to the Georgia Seed Development Commission
State Board of Equalization
Tobacco Advisory Board
State Election Board
3 Senators and 3 Representa Georgia Commission fives appointed by President For The National and Speaker respectively Bicentennial Celebration
President Speaker Chairman State Properties
of House State Institutions Commission
and Property Committee
Chairman of Senate Public Utilities and Transportation Committee and a Senator and Representative chosen by those bodies
Senator and Representative appointed by Governor
Traffic Safety Advisory Committee
PrSdnnt SPeaker 2 Senators Richard B Russell and 2 Representatives appointed Monument Commission by President and Speaker respectively
Chairmen of House and Senate Code Revision Council Judiciary Committees Senator and Representative each members of Legislative Services Committee and appointed by President and Speaker respectively
Relevant Statutory Provisions
Ga Code Anno sec 52704 Ga Laws 1972 p 1042
Ga Code Anno sec 9284111
Ga Laws 1972 pp 1062 1120 1123
Ga Code Anno sec 111208 Ga Laws 1960 p 218 Ga Laws 1972
p 1026
Ga Code Anno sec 34201 34205
Ga Code Anno sec 408 Ga Laws 1969 p 1074 Ga Laws 1972 p 1062 Ga Laws 1973 p 311
Ga Code Anno sec 91101 a 91116a Ga Laws 1972 p 1038 Ga Laws 1973 p 857
Executive Order of August 1967
Ga Laws 1971 pp 782 808
Ga Code Anno sec 471209
188
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Legislator
Members
Speaker and Clerk of House President Pro Tempore and Secretary of Senate House and Senate Committee Chairmen
President Speaker 2 Representatives appointed by Speaker 2 Senators appointed by President Chairman of Senate Elementary and Secondary Education Committee Chairman of Senate University System of Georgia Committee Chairman of House Education Committee and Chairman of House University System of Georgia Committee
One Member of Legislature appointed by the Governor
Board or Commission
Constitutional Officers Election Board
Educational Improvement Council
Southern Regional Education Board
Chairman of House State MARTA Overview
Planning and Community Af Committee
fairs Committee Chairman of Senate County and Urban Affairs Committee Chairman of House Ways and Means Committee Chairman of Senate Banking and Finance Committee two Representatives at least one of whom is from the area served by the Authority and two Senators at least one of whom is from the area served by the Authority appointed by the Speaker and President respectively three Representatives and three Senators appointed by the Governor at least two of whom are from the 1 area served by the Authority
3 Senators and 3 Representa Geo L Smith II Geortives appointed by the President gia World Congress and Speaker respectively for 6 Center Autrority year terms
Relevant Statutory Provisions
Ga Const Art V Sec 1 Par 3 4 Ga Code Anno sec 341513
Ga Code Anno sec 322901 Ga Laws 1972 p 1248
Ga Laws 1949 p 56 Ga Laws 1955 p 667 Ga Laws 1957 p 64 Ga Code Anno sec 321 note
Ga Laws 1973 p 70
Ga Laws 1974 p 524
Ga Laws 1972 p 245 Ga Laws 1973 p 666 Ga Laws 1974 p 175
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
189
Legislator
Members
Board or Commission
4 Senators appointed by Presi Fiscal Affairs Subcomdent who are members of Senate mittee of the Senate Appropriations Committee plus
5 Senators appointed by the Governor
Senator and Representative ap Southern Growth pointed by the President and Policies Board Speaker respectively or as the Legislature provides
Relevant Statutory Provisions
Ga Laws 1967 p 722
Ga Laws 1973 p 623
190 LEGISLATIVMANUAL
INDEX TO RULES OF Senate of Georgia
References to A are to the Appendix References to J are to the Rules for the Government of the General Assembly When in Joint Session
ABSENTEES
Arrest subject to when
Attendance compelled by less than quoru
Authorized by Senate
Journal entry
Quorum required
ADJOURN MOTION TO
Amendment if to particular time Committee of the Whole not in order in
Debate if to particular time
Effect
Joint session not in order in
Precedence of motion
Previous question after
Renewal after further business
Time for
ADJOURNMENT
Business carried over how Committee of the Whole at regular hour in Effect when hour of arrives during vote 80 130138 78
Governors power in regard to 79 78
jyjLam jucotivii cucvi vi 79
80
X UWci y 165
Seats retained until President leaves Tima af fivoH Kv Spnatp 63 47
Veto procedure as effected by Vote total required 187 51
Rule No
52
5152
52 54
53
75 76 130 75 76 77 J 14 67 165 75 73 74
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 191
ADVERSE REPORT Rule No
Debate on final passage 166
Effect of on bills and resolutions 123
AMENDMENT
Amendments to cannot be further amended143159
Blanks must be filled before jjjjJ 147
Caption or preamble bill perfected before gJsj 152
Committee of the Whole by action on Ll40141
Committee of the Whole by what reported to House 140
Committee amendments first considered 153
Committee offered by read without motion aiaffte 156
Committee report amendment not in order
after agreed to unless reconsidered Mflft 154
Committee report form 121
ConstitutionalSee CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT
Engrossment prevents 118
Form of L 1 3 113
Form of motion ESsSiia 145
Germane must be 146 150157
Indefinite postponement prohibited 88
Irrelevant out of order 4 146
Methods of l 143
Motion to adjourn amendable if to particular time 75 76
Motion to commit amendable 97
Motion to postpone indefinitely not amendable 1 89
Motion to postpone to time definite amendable 92
Motion to table or take from table not amendable 84
Perfecting bill before substitute 148
Precedence of motion to amend 67149
Previous question on l 162
Printed and distributed whent 115
Priority of amendments 151153
Priority of on passage of bill 153
Priority of over motion to agree or disagree
to House action 158
Priority of questions on House amendments to Senate bill g 157
192 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Rule No
Reading Secretarys in amending by
striking out and inserting 155
Reconsidered when 100
Sections bill read by 156
House amendments Senate amendments to
not further amendable 159
House amendments to Senate bill
Senate action in order 157 158 159 160
House vote required to adopt 160
Presidents power to rule out 146157
Striking by perfecting part proposed to be stricken 149
Substitute and bill vote on 148
Substitute as 144
Tabling not in order 83
Time for 153154
Vote required 160172
AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTIONSee CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS
APPEALS
Debate on prohibited when of personal character 65
Time for KJAQ 64
Transgression of rules from TOoffiio 55
APPORTIONMENT
Change A 1
APPROPRIATIONS
Budget 217
General Bill contents217 218 219 220
General Bill precedence on third reading 116
General Bill procedure 217
Governors power over H 187
Highways 220
Origination in House 214216
Record 221
Recorded yea and nay vote required 215
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
193
Rule No
Required
Resolutions treated as bills Supplemental bills Yeas and nays required
ARREST
Disorder for
Freedom from
Members to secure quorum
ASSISTANTS
213
216
221
215
31 61 52 53
Appointment by Secretary Approval of special clerks by enroliine
Compensation
Doorkeepers limited
Oath
Officers position as1
Removal of special clerks Substitution prohibited Vacancies
15
committee 15
1819195196
7
1213
6
15
17 19
is
ATTENDANCE
Compelling
Messengers duty Presidents duty
BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
5152 53
52
52
Called how Caption
Committee of the Whole failure to resolve to consider Deadline for Introduction and first readme Deadline for passage and third readme Endorsement of Form
Introducer allowed twenty minutes for debate after ordering of previous question if adverse committee report
Order procedure for taking out of w6
116
111
126
110
116
111
111
166
37
194
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Rule No
Original and copy required 111
Passage deadline 33rd day 116
Passage delayed until printed and distributed 36115
Publication of laws required 108
Rejected when again considered 107
Subject matter only one and expressed in title 112
Suspend action on when 115
Title subject matter of must be expressed in 112
Withdrawal of when 104
Writing must be in 111
BLANKS
Filling required before motion to amend is in order 147
BOND
Secretarys 14
CALENDAR
Arranged by Rules Committee during last twentyone
days of session T 35
Calling order fixed by 116
Change of Rules Committees Calendar 35
Committee report disagreement with 123
Reconsideration effect on bills 102
Tabling taking from restores to 87
CALL OF SENATESee ROLL CALL CAPTION
Considered after bill perfected 152
Endorsement on bill 108
CLAIMS
Procedure
222223224
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
195
CODE SECTIONS Rule No
Amendments or repeal of requirements 113
COMMITMENT
Amended how 97
Bill or resolution with favorable committee report
to prevent third reading 123
Committee of the Whole not in order in 130
Committee of the Whole to 9495126
Debate if instructions added 96120
Indefinite postponement not applicable to 88
Instructions may be added 97
Precedence of as among motions to commit to
different committees 95
Precedence of as among other motions 67
Presidents duty to I1 120
Special committees to 94 9598
Use i 94
Vote necessary for 98
What applicable to 94 98
COMMITTEE OF THE WHOLE SENATE
Adjourn cannot 130
Adjournment arrival of regular hour of 138
Amendments by action by Senate 141
Amendments report 121140
Bills and resolutions disposal or recommendation 139
Bills and resolutions interlineation prohibited 121
Business finished procedure 139
Call of Senate not in orderJtCl 130
Chairman appointed by President 127
Chairman duty of when no quorum present 2 128
Chairman duty when business finished139142
Chairman power to clear galleries or lobby 11 L 134
Commitment toSee COMMITMENT
Commitment to precedence 21 95
Committee reference prohibited 130
Debate in 2 129130136
196 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Rule No
Disorderly conduct reported 135
Formation of yH 1 r 1 127
Journal proceedings entry 142
Motion to rise report progress and ask leave to
sit again r137138
Papers called for 133
Postpone indefinitely motion to not in order 1 130
Presidents actions 127138139
Previous question not enforceable 130
Reading of bills by sections 129
Quorum requirement 128
Reconsideration in order 131
Report of procedure and form 139140141
Reports of precedence 125
Resolving Senate into 126136
Rules applicable to and exceptions 130
Secretarys duties in IL 129
Senate may resolve itself into vote necessary 126
Senate may resolve itself into when126
Table motion to not in order 22 130
Time in extended iiii137138
Vote required unless excused 132
Yeas and nays cannot be taken X 130
COMMITTEE ON ENROLLING AND JOURNALS
Clerk approval and removal of special22 15
Journal entrySee JOURNAL
Journal reading and report34
COMMITTEES
Adverse report by effect2123166
Advice to 21193194
Amendments by read without motion 156
Amendments by take precedence 153
Amendments report form l4I 121
Appointed by Committee on Committees 30 190
Bills and resolutions not to interline or deface Ll 121
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 197
Rule No
Bills and resolutions original keep 111
Call of 192
Clerks 15
Commitment toSee COMMITMENT Committee of the Whole reference to committees
prohibited 130
Debate by 166
Membership limited 190
Members on State Boards A 18
Minority report time allowed for after ordering
of previous question 166
Minutes 192
Names 190
Notice of intent to disagree with report 123
Officers 190191192
Organization 191
Previous question committee time for debate 166
Records 192
Reference to 120126
Reference to happenings in prohibited 59
Report disagreement with 123124
Reports favorable effect 123
Reports favorable effect of disagreement with 124
Reports form 122
Reports minority form 122
Reports of amendment limit on 154
Reports of precedence 125
Rules of Procedure 192
Tenure of members 190191
Vacancies 190191
CONFERENCE COMMITTEE
Appointment 161
Approval of report 161
Consideration 161
Discharge 161
Instruction 161
Membership 161
Reports 161
Voting excused from 179
198
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Rule No
CONFIRMATION OF GOVERNORS APPOINTMENTS
Boards State affected A 3
In open session 229
Rejected no reappointment A 3
Time for 228
CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT
Amendment of 210
Approval of people 210211
Convention 211
Journal entry 210
Local 210
Method 210
Publication 210
Repeal of 210
Signature of Governor not required 189
Veto prohibited 188212
Vote required 210
CONTEMPT
Disorder for 3148
Vote refusal for 175
CONTRACT APPROVAL
Public Service Commission Agreements A 11
CONVENING
Time 46 80
CONVENTION OF PEOPLE
Calling for Constitutional amendment 211
CONVERSATION
Debate prohibited during 62
Reference to during debate prohibited 59
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
199
COUNTY Rule No
Consolidation A 4
Site change A 5
DEBATE
Addressing Senate 58
Appeals debate limitations 65
Censure for words 57
Committee of the Whole how bills debated 129
Committee of the Whole regulated 130136138
Conduct of members in 55
Conversations reference to out of order g 59
Cut off prohibited when 267172
Exception to words 57
Freedom of 61
Individual speeches limited 55
Irrelevant President shall suspend 26
Members names reference to out of order 60
Motion for yeas and nays decided without debate 176
Motion for previous question not debatable 165
Motion to adjourn not debatable 75
Motion to adjourn to particular day or time debatable 76
Motion to change order of business not debatable 38
Motion to commit when debatable 96 120
Motion to engross debate limited 117
Motion to excuse member from voting debate limited 179
Motion to indefinitely postpone debatable Jj 89
Motion to postpone to time definite what debatable 93
Motion to read papers not debatable 50
Motion to refer to committee debate if instructions
added 96
Motion to resolve into Committee of the WThole
debate limited 126
Motion to table or take from table not debatable 84
Motions allowed during fig 67
Movement during prohibited 63
Previous question cannot cut off without
relinquishing floor 72
Previous question debate regulated 166168
Priority of business not debatable 24
200
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Rule No
Readings first two no debate 119
Silence during 265862
Subject matter limits 55
Tabling cannot cut off without relinquishing floor 72
Through President 5g
Time limits on individual 55
Yeas and nays no debate during 183
DECORUM
Decorum Committee powers 22
Decorum in Chamber 55
Silence during debate 265862
DISTRIBUTION OF BILLSSee PRINTING AND DISTRIBUTION OF BILLS
DIVISION
Adjournment limited by
Call for
Excuse from voting motion to restricts
Presidents duty in case of
Reconsideration of main question limits
Results of President shall announce
What divisible
DOORKEEPER
Assistants limited
Clears lobbies and galleries when
Duties general
Election
Floor limitations enforcement of
Message announcement
Pay
Substitution prohibited
Suspension by President
ELECTIONAlso See JOINT SESSION Auditor of
7478
163164176
179
174
165
174
164
7
31 16 16 22 43 16 17
32
A 7
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
201
Contest Rule No 211
Governor of action on 203 204
Journal entry 201
Members of Senate judge of 56
Nomination limits 200
Officers of State 199
Presidential electors of x A 6
Procedure 199 201
Second not needed in nominations x J 10
Vote necessary 201202
ELECTRONIC ROLL CALL
Adjournment 74
Method 8
Presidents duties 177
Quorum to determine 175
Roll Call daily 40
Secretarys duties 177
Use 178
Verification 178
EMPLOYEESSee ASSISTANTS ENGROSSMENT
Debate on 117
Effect of 117
Local bills reading requiring 118
Time for 117
Unanimous consent for prohibited 117
Vote required 117
ENROLLING AND ENGROSSINGSee COMMITTEE ON ENROLLING AND JOURNALS
EXCEPTION TO WORDS SPOKEN
Previous question delayed by 57
Procedure JLi 57
202 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Rule No
Time forx 7
EXPENSES
Members procedure for payment 196
EXPULSION OF MEMBERS
Vote required 55 56
When 5556
EXTRAORDINARY SESSION
Calling 80 A 8
Compensation during A 8
Consideration limits A 8
Governors calling 80 A 8
Impeachment continued by A 8
Time limits A 8
FILING OF BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Required t 110
Time for S 110
FINES
Members when transgress rules 55
FLOORSee PRIVILEGE OF FLOOR FLOOR LEADER
Seat need not stay at 55
GALLERIES
Clearance by President 31
Committee of the Whole Chairman may clear 134
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
203
Rule No
GENERAL APPROPRIATIONS BILLSee APPROPRIATIONS
GOVERNOR
Adjournment power in regard to 79
Appointments confirmation A3 228 229
Appropriations selective approval of 187
Budget bill presentation of 217
Constitutional amendment action on 210
Election m 203 204
Extraordinary session calling 80
Inauguration 205206207208
Messages under any order of business 42
Overriding veto 187188189
Signature when required 187189
Veto power 187188189 212
IMPEACHMENT
Procedure A 8
Session continued 80
INTRODUCTION OF BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Original and copy required 111
Time for 110
Unanimous consent time limits 103
INVESTIGATION
State Officers of A 10
JOINT SESSION
Adjournment J 14
Debate J 11
Elections for J 1
Governors election for 205 206
Journal J 7 J 12
204
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Rule No
Nominations in J 10
Papers J 8 J 9
Place House J 1 J 2
Prsider J 2 J 4 J 5
Procedure general J 3 J 4
Quorum J 6
Rules change J 8
Secretarys duties J 7 J 8
Time of J 1 J 2
Vote J 10 J 12 J 13
JOURNAL
Absentees shown on 54
Amendments to Constitution entry with yeas and
nays k 210
Appropriation yeas and nays shown 215
Committee duty to read and report 34
Committee of the Whole proceedings not shown 142
Election vote entry 201
Governors inauguration entry 208209
Joint session proceedings J 7 J 13
Oaths of officers and assistants entry 1215
Petition name and object of petitioner memorialist
or remonstrant noted on 49
Preservation 109
Protests entry 66
Publication required 108 109
Reading by committee 34
Reading of how dispensed with 41
Required 108
Vote entry of 171184 18586 201 210
Vote names of those not voting shown on 186
Yeas and nays entry 176 184 185186 210 215
LOBBIES
Clearance by President 31
Committee of the Whole Chairmans power to clear 134
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 205
LOBBYISTS Rule No
Floor prohibited from 22
LOCAL BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Limitations upon 114 a 16
Local governing authority restriction L 114
Notice of affidavit must be attached 114
Notice required 114
Office affected requires referendum 114
Reading first two by title unless engrossment 118
Unanimous consent putting on passage 103
MAIN QUESTION
Adjournment effect on 7478165
Division after order for 176
Effect of 169
Form of 165
Previous question effect 165166
Reconsideration of 165 170
Tabling limits r gi
Vote required to order 165
MEETING OF SENATE
Time of meeting for daily sessions 47
MEMORIALSSee PETITIONS MESSAGES
How sent announced received and considered 43
MESSENGER
Arrest of members to secure quorum 52 53
Clear lobbies and galleries when 31
Direction by President 20 52
Duties general v 16 20
Election
206
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Rule No
Order enforcement of 20
Pay 16
SergeantatArms ex officio 52
Suspension by PresidentT 32
MINORITY REPORTS FROM COMMITTEE
Debate allowed after order for previous question 166
How made 122
MOTIONS
Committee of the Whole in130131137138
Debate when cannot use motion to cut off 71 72
Disagreement with House motions in order 157
Making must resume seat while put 70
Number limited to one at a time joiv 70
Possession of Senate i68
Precedence of 67 88
Presidents actions on 174
Previous question on 1J2
Second unnecessary 9
Stating by President 174
Tabling effected by jLl 45
Tabling if not privileged and new matter45
Withdrawal 68 88
NEW MATTERS
Motions not privileged and containing new matter to
lay on table 45
Unanimous consents for time for 103
NOMINATIONS
Remarks disparaging prohibited 200
Second not needed j 10
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
207
OATHS
Rule No
Administered by judges to members
Assistants
Members
Officers
Secretarys
10
1213 910
1213
1213
OFFICERS
Oath
Pay
Suspension of by President Who named
1213 195 32 6
ORDER OF BUSINESS
Appropriation Bill General
Changed how 35373839
Change motion not debatable
Change motion vote necessary M
Fixing by Rules Committee during last ten days
Messages
Motions not privileged
Presidents power over
Priority of333599103126
Privilege questions of 9
Reconsideration
Rules Committee report
Unanimous consent I
116
103
38
35
35
42
45
24
165
44
99
42
103
ORGANIZATION
Assistant Secretary by
Bodies
Chairman appointment and powers
Elections during
First meeting time and place
Oaths
Officers
Procedure
Rules
2
1
2
4 511
46
9101213 234611 2 2
208
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Rule No
Seating JEtditt 8
Secretary by 12
PAGES
Age 21
Appointment by members 21
Appointment by President 21
PAIRING FOR VOTING
Prohibited 181
PAPERS
Committee care 121
Committee of the Whole may call for 133
Distribution 20
Reading not subject to indefinite postponement 88
Reading of i 50
PARLIAMENTARY LAW
Applicable when r 226
PETITIONS
Presentation and form 49
POSTPONEMENT
Amendment motion to indefinitely postpone not
amendable 89
Amendment motion to postpone to day certain
amendable 92
Committee of the Whole motion to indefinitely
postpone not in order 130
Debate on 89 93
Effect indefinite postponement 92
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 209
Rule No
Effect of motion to indefinitely postpone 91
Effect of motion to postpone to time definite 92
Effect of negative action 90
Precedence of motion 67 88
Renewal limits 90 93
Vote necessary on motion to indefinitely postpone 91
What subject to 88 92
PREAMBLE
Committee of the Whole last considered 129
Considered after bill perfected 152
PRESIDENT
Absence of President Pro Tern to preside 29
Accounts certifying 196
Acts signs I 107
Adjournment members to remain until
President retiresJSfJ 63
Amendments power to rule out if not germane 146157
Appeals from decision of 64 65
Appointment special A 2
Arrest power to 31 52
Attendance power to compel to secure a quorum 52
Bond approval of Secretarys 14
Budget bill introduction of 217
Business priority of decides without debate 24
Call the Senate duty to 53
Clearing galleries and lobbies 31
Commitment of bills and resolutions 120
Committee of the Whole Chairman appoints 127
Committee of the Whole duty regarding bills 126
Committee of the Whole duty when
business finished in 139
Committee of the Whole may take part in 132
Committee of the Whole resumes chair when 138139
Committee of the Whole right to take part in 132
Committee of the Whole to leave chair during 135
210
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Rule No
Committee on Committees member of 30
Conference Committee appoints 161
Debate irrelevant power to suspend 26
Division call for 174
Doorkeeper may suspend 32
Governors election action on 203 204
Joint session presider 11J 2 J 4
Joint session seat J 5
Lieutenant Governor as 3
Messages duty as to 43
Messenger direction and suspension 20 32
Motion stating by 68174
Oath to officers and assistants 1213
Officer as 6
Preside may name members to 28
Presider 29
Question stating 174
Quorum to secure53167175
Recognition of member 25 55 58 70103
Roll call duties during lr 74177
Roll call orders by when 27 53175
Rules transgression penalizing 54
Signature when required 106107
Silence commanding J 26 58
State boards membership on A 18
Unanimous consent shall entertain but one at time 103
Unanimous consent when to recognize member for purpose of asking 103
PRESIDENT PRO TEM
Election 4 529
Joint session succession as presider j J 4
Officer as 6
Powers 5
Presides in absence of President 4529
State Boards membership on A 18
Vote when presiding 23
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
211
PRESIDER Rule No
Joint session in J 2 J 4
President 4
President absent who shall when 29
President may appoint member to i 28
President Pro Tern absent who shall when 29
Secretary shall when 29
Vote 23
PRESS
Floor entitled to 22
PREVIOUS QUESTION
Adjournment effect on 74 78165
Call of Senate limits 167
Committee of the Whole not in order in 130
Debate cannot cut off without relinquishing floor 72
Debate allowed after ordering of 166168
Debate motion not debatable 165
Exception to debate delays 57
Form of 165
Main question effect on 165166
Minority committee report time allowed for after
ordering of 166
Precedence of motion 67165
Reconsideration of 164170
Tabling after 81
Vote required 165166
What applicable to 162
PRINTING AND DISTRIBUTION OF BILLS
Motion to print precedence of 67
Required when 115
Suspension of bills and resolutions until 115
PRIVILEGE
Motion not privileged with new matters to lay on table 45
212
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Rule No
Precedence of questions of
Questions of what constitutes 44
PRIVILEGES OF FLOOR
Who entitled to TTirrAf
PROTESTS
Procedure and form 5
PUNISHMENT
Members of 56
QUALIFICATION OF MEMBERS Judgment of Senate 56180
QUORUM
Committee of the Whole requirement of
Compelling
Number
Presidents power in regard to
Roll call for
Voting when not
READING OF BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Committee of the Whole in 129
Committee report after 123
Debate none on first or second reading 11
Number and name of introducer stated on
second and third reading 116
Second automatic whenr 119
Secretarys 1 116
Sections by rT 156
Times three i 118
Title by 118
Unanimous consent time limit
128 5253 51
52175
53167175 175
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 213
READING OF PAPERSSee PAPERS Rule No
RECOGNITION
President decides 25
RECONSIDERATION
Amendments when in order 100
Committee of the Whole motion in order 131
Effect of on bills u102124
Effect of on immediate transmittal 99
Main question effect on 170
Main question time for reconsideration of 165
Notice not to be withdrawn 99
Notice when required 99
Previous question effect on 170
Renewal once 101
Time for motion 99
REMONSTRANCESSee PETITIONS
REPEALS
How effectuated 112
ROLL CALL Also see Electronic Roll Call
Adjournment limits j 74
Committee of the Whole not in order in 130
Debate none during 183
Dispensing with 40
Electronic Roll Call 40177178
Explanation of votes on 182
President may order when 27167175 177
Previous question limits 167
Procedure 54177
Quorum to determine if 175
Reconsideration of main question limits 165
Required by Senate 53
Secretarys duty as to 53 54175177
Verification 178
Vote refusal after contempt 175
214 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
RULES Rule No
Changed how 39 227 J 18
Debate motion to suspend decide without debate 37
Question not covered by procedure 226
Suspended how 38 39 227 J 18
Suspension not subject to indefinite postponement 88
RULES COMMITTEE
Calendar fixed by during last twentyone days 35
Membership 190
Proposed change addition or suspension of rules
must be referred to 227
Report failure to effect 227
Report of in order when 42
Reports required 227
Special orders submission to and report on 37
SEATS
Assigned by Committee on Committees 8
Contested procedure when 180
Recognition from 55
SECRETARY
Absentees list keeps for Journal 53 54
Amendments printing 115
Amendments reading 155156
Amendments Report to House on Presidents action
declaring House amendment not germane 157
Assistants 15171819
Auditors election notifies Governor of A 7
Bills and resolutions engrossment 117
Bills and resolutions filing with when 110
Bills and resolutions keeps copy 111
Bills and resolutions numbers 116
Bills and resolutions printing and distribution 115
Bills and resolutions reading by sections 156
Bills and resolutions reading number and introducer 116
Bills and resolutions transmittal 99
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
215 Rule No
Bond
Claims certification of i
Committee of the Whole bills and resolutions
reading in
Committee of the Whole duties in
Division counts iw2
Election
Joint session duties in
Journal entry
Journal reading
Motion reading
Oath of prescribed
Officer is
Presides in absence of President and President
Pro Tern
Protests entry on Journal
Roll call
Signature when required
State Boards membership on
Term of office
Vote explanation of filing with
Words excepted to written and read by
Yeas and nays call
Yeas and nays reading names
SERGEANTATARMSSee MESSENGER
14
222
129
129133 174 11
J 7 J 8 J 9 5466186 34 68
1213
611
29
66
53175177 106
A 18
11
182
57
74188 178
SESSIONS
Business carried over how 80
ExtraordinarySee EXTRAORDINARY SESSIONS Prolongation of signature of Governor not required 189
Term 80
SILENCE
Debate during 62
President duty of to command when 26 58
SPECIAL LAWSSee LOCAL LAWS
216 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
STATE BOARDS Rule No
Membership of Legislators on A 18
STATE OFFICERS
Discharge of A 12
Investigation of A 10
Legislators as restrictions A 17
Suspension of A 12
STREET RAILWAYS CONSTRUCTION
Approval by city governing authorities A 13
SUBCOMMITTEES
How appointed 190
SUBSTITUTEAlso See AMENDMENT
Amendment as 144
Bill perfected before substitute 148
Voted on before bill 148
SUCCESSION
Joint session j 4
Presidents absence 29
SUPREME COURT RULES
Approval of A 14
TABLING
Amendment motion not subject to 84
Amendment not applicable to 83
Committee of the Whole motion not in order 130
Debate cannot cut off without relinquishing floor 72
Debate motion not debatable 84
Effect when motion to table prevails 86
Effect when motion to take from table prevails 86 87
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 217
Rule No
Main question limits 81
Motion to take from when in orderimm 45
New matter motion not privileged 45
Precedence of 6781165
Previous question limits motion to table 81165
Renewal of motions to table and take from when1 85
Roll call limits 81
Time for taking from table 87
Vote required to take from table 87
What can be tabledI 82 83
TITLE
Bills and resolutions subject matter must be expressed in 112
TRANSMISSION TO HOUSE
Day of passage vote required 99
Last three days immediate on 99
TREASON
Pardon ofM 11 l iiMPoWBh
UNANIMOUS CONSENTS
Commitment to Committee of the Whole 126
General provision forj 172
Introduction for 193
Journal reading dispensing with 41
Limitation and regulation of use of 193
Motion withdrawal required for 68
Passage for 193
Reading for 193
Roll call dispensing with 40
Vote change time prohibited 173
Vote explanation not by yeas and nays 182
218
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
VETO
Governors power of L 187 188 189 212
Overridden how 187 188 189
VOTE
Adjournment limits 74 78
Amendment required for 172
Bill required for 171
Changing of 178 J 13
Committee of the Whole not taken by yeas and
nays in 130
Committee of the Whole vote required 132
Debate no during calling or reading of yeas and nays 183 DivisionSee DIVISION ElectionSee ELECTION
Excuse from 175179180181
Explanation 182
Interest none where have 180
General requirement 172
Journal entry required 171184185186
Method of 174176
Pairing of members not allowed 181
President may order yeas and nays when 27
Presidents 23132
QuorumSee QUORUM
Reconsideration of main question limits 165
Refusal may be contempt 175
Required when j132179
Resolution required for 172
Roll callSee ROLL CALL
Tabling limits 81
Tie jPpWilMR 23
Unanimous consentsSee UNANIMOUS CONSENTS
Time for 173
Yeas and naysSee YEAS AND NAYS
WITHDRAWAL
Bill when and how 104
Motion when and how 150
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 219
WRITS
Signature Presidents and Secretarys 106
YEAS AND NAYS
Adjournment limits 74 78
Change restricted 178
Debate on motion prohibited 176
Debate prohibited during 183
Explanation of vote 182
Expulsion for 55
Journal entry 176184185186
Method of calling 178
Reconsideration of main question limits 165
Tabling limits 81
Vote required for call of 176

LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
221
COMMITTEES
of the
House of Representatives

jsH mo
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
223
OFFICERS OF THE
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
TERM
1978
JANUARY 1978
THOMAS B MURPHY jSpeaker
District 18
JACK CONNELL
District 87
Speaker Pro Tem
GLENN W ELLARD Wi Clerk
Habersham County
ELMORE C THRASH Ml
Lowndes County
Messenger
MARION TOMS dgjKjj y Doorkeeper
Quitman County
EDWARD C MOSES SergeantatArms
Montgomery County
224 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
STAFF OF SPEAKERS OFFICE
Robert G Dwelle Jenkins CountyChief Aide
Mrs Shirley SpenceFulton CountyExecutive
Secretary
Mrs Lounell Jones Rockdale County Secretary
Mrs Judy SwannerDouglas CountyReceptionist
Mrs Nancy Wiley DeKalb CountySupervisor of
Stenographic
STAFF OF SPEAKER PRO TEM Miss Lucy Ann EppesFulton County Secretary
PUBLIC INFORMATION OFFICE
Milo Dakin Fulton County Public
Information Officer
STAFF OF CLERKS OFFICE
Rabun CountyAssistant Clerk
Fulton CountyAssistant Clerk
OFFICE OF LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL
Frank Edwards DeKalb County Legislative
Counsel
Jack Green Amelia Smith
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 225
MAJORITY PARTY LEADERS AND STAFF
Clarence Vaughn Majority Leader
District 57
Nathan G Knight iiMajority Whip
District 67
Bill Lee Majority Caucus Chairman
District 72 Post 1
Ward Edwards Majority Caucus Secretary
District 110
Charlotte Lunsford Secretary
MINORITY PARTY LEADERS AND STAFF
Herbert Jones Jr 41 Minority Leader
District 126
Dick Lane 3Minority Whip
District 40
Robert A Irvin Minority Caucus Chairman
District 23
Ken NixMinority Caucus Secretary
District 20 Post 3
Karen Boss irSecrefcary
LEGISLATIVE BUDGET ANALYST OFFICE
J M Pete HackneyFulton CountyBudget Analyst
GENERAL ASSEMBLY FISCAL OFFICE
Cary A Bond
DeKalb County
Fiscal Officer
226
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
MEMBERS OF THE
GEORGIA HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED ACCORDING TO NAMES WITH DISTRICT AND POST OFFICES
Name District
Adams G D 36
Adams Marvin 79
Anderson Wendell
T Sr sl8Post 3
Argo Bob 63
Auten Dean 154
Bargeron Emory E
83
Battle Joseph A Joe 124
Post Office
532 St Johns Ave SW Atlanta 30315 709 Greenwood Rd Thomaston 30286
Route 4 Canton 30114 PO Box 509 Athens 30601 628 King Cotton Rd Brunswick 31520
PO Box 447 Louisville 30434
2308 Ranchland Dr
Savannah 31404
Baugh Wilbur E 108 PO Box 926
Milledgeville 31061
Beck James M148 2427 Westwood Dr
Valdosta 31601
Beckham Bob 89 PO Box 1533
Augusta 30903
Benefield Jimmy72Post 26656 Morning Dove PI
Jonesboro 30236
Birdsong Kenneth
W 103820 Gray Hwy
Macon 31031
Bishop Sanford
D Jr 94PO Box 709
Columbus 31902
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
227
Name District Post Office
Bolster Paul 30 1043 Ormewood Ave SE Atlanta 30316
Bray Claude A Jr 70 PO Box 549 Manchester 31816
Buck Thomas B Ill Burruss A L 95 PO Box 196 Columbus 31902
Al 21Post 2 PO Box 6338A Marietta 30065
Burton Joe 47 2598 Woodwardia Rd NE Atlanta 30345
Butler Don L 80 Canty Henrietta 56Post 1 4080 Ballina Dr Decatur 30034
Mathis Mrs 38 2211 Cascade Rd SW Atlanta 30311
Carlisle John R 71Post 1 PO Box 551 Griffin 30223
Carnes Charlie 43Post 1 1100 Spring St NW Suite 315 Atlanta 30309
Carrell Bobby 75 PO Box 690 Monroe 30655
Cason Gary C 96 3128 College Drive Columbus 31907
Castleberry Don Chance George 111 PO Box 377 Richland 31825
A Jr QM1 Childers E M 129 PO Box 373 Springfield 31329
Buddy Childs Peggy 15 15 Kirkwood St Rome 30161
Mrs Mobley 51 520 Westchester Dr Decatur 30030
Clark Betty J 55 2139 Flat Shoals Rd SE Apt 3 Atlanta 30316
228
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Name District Post Office
Clark Louie 13Post 1 Route 2 Danielsville 30633
Clifton A D 4 107 Route 2 Box 157 Metter 30439
Coleman Terry L 118 1201 Fourth Avenue Eastman 31023
Collins Marcus E Colwell Carlton 144 Route 1 Pelham 31779
H 4Post I PO Box 6 Blairsville 30512
Connell Jack 87 PO Box 308 Augusta 30903
Cooper Bill 19Post 3 2432 Powder Springs Rd Marietta 30060
Cox Walter E 141 1109 Pine St Bainbridge 31717
Crosby Tom Jr 150 705 Wacona Drive Waycross 31501
Culpepper Bryant 98 PO Box 490 Ft Valley 31030
Daniel Graham F Jr
Danny 88 1936 Walton Way Augusta 30904
Daugherty J C 33 202 Daugherty Building 15 Chestnut St SW Atlanta 30314
Davis Burl 99 424 Cotton Avenue Macon 31201
Dean Douglas C 29 356 Arthur St SW Atlanta 30310
Dent R A 85 1120 Pine St Augusta 30901
Deveaux Clint 28 374 Ashley Ave NE Atlanta 30312
Dixon Harry D 151 1303 Coral Rd Waycross 31501
Dover Bill 11 Timbrook Hollywood 30524
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
229
Name District Post Office
Edwards Ward Elliott Ewell H Jr 110 PO Box 146 Butler 31006
Hank 49 411 Decatur Federal Bldg Decatur 30030
Evans Warren D 84 PO Box 670 Thomason 30824
Felton Mrs Dorothy 22 465 Tanacrest Dr NW Atlanta 30328
Foster Paul W 152Post 1 P O Box 679 Blackshear 31516
Foster R L 6Post 2 4899 Tibbs Bridge Rd Dalton 30720
Galer Mary Jane 97 7236 Lullwater Rd Columbus 31904
Gammage Lynn Gignilliat Arthur 17 PO Box 718 Cedartown 30125
M 122 PO Box 968 Savannah 31402
Glanton Tom x 66Post 2 PO Box 1186 Carrollton 30117
Glover Mildred 32 672 Beckwith St SW Apt 7 Atlanta 30314
Greene Joel R 138Post 2 PO Box 907 Jesup 31545
Greer John W 43Post 3 802 Healey Bldg Atlanta 30303
Ham Benson Hamilton Mrs 80 PO Box 677 Forsyth 31029
Grace T i 31 582 University PI NW Atlanta 30314
Hanner Bob 130 Route 1 Parrott 31777
Harris B B Sr 60 3028 Highway 120 Duluth 30136
230
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Name District Post Office
Harris Joe Frank 8Post 1 712 West Ave Cartersville 30120
Harrison Carl 20Post 2 PO Box 1374 Marietta 30061
Hatcher Charles F 131 PO Box 750 Albany 31702
Hawkins John 50 1360 Harvard Rd NE Atlanta 30306
Hays Forest Jr 1Post 2 Route 3 St Elmo Chattanooga Tenn 37409
Hill Bobby L 127 208 E 34th St Savannah 31401
Holmes Bob 39 2421 Poole Rd SW Atlanta 30311
Horne Frank Horton Gerald 104 612 Georgia Power Bldg Macon 31201
Talmadge 43Pest 2 1230 Healey Bldg Atlanta 30303
Housley Gene 21Post 1 1011 Housley Rd Marietta 30066
Howell Mobley 140 PO Box 348 Blakely 31723
Hudson Ted Hutchinson R S 137 301 Glynn Ave Fitzgerald 31750
Dick 133 915 Sixth Ave Albany 31701
Irvin Jack Irvin Robert A 10 Route 1 Baldwin 30511
Bob 23 PO Box 325 Roswell 30077
Isakson Johnny 20Post 1 970 Richmond Hill Dr Marietta 30067
Jackson Jerry D 9post 3 Box 7275 Chestnut Mountain 30502
Jessup Ben 117 PO Box 468 Cochran 31014
Johnson Gerald 66Post I PO Box 815 Carrollton 30117
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
231
Namp District Post Office
Johnson Philip 74 PO Box 846 Covington 30209
Johnson Rudolph 72Post 4 5904 Jonesboro Rd Morrow 30260
Johnston Joe J 56Post 2 4483 Pleasant Point Dr Decatur 30034
Jones Bill 78 PO Box 3933 Jackson 30233
Jones Herbert Jr 126 413 Arlington Rd Savannah 31406
Kaley Max D Karrh Randolph C 19Post 2 1554 Lancaster Dr Marietta 30060
Randy 106 PO Drawer K Swainsboro 30401
Kemp Ren D 139 PO Box 497 Hinesville 31313
Keyton James W I Kilgore Thomas 143 PO Box 90 Thomasville 31792
M 65 1992 Tara Circle Douglasville 30135
Knight Nathan G 67 PO Box 1175 Newnan 30263
Lambert E Roy Ji 112 PO Box 161 Madison 30650
Lane Dick 40 2704 Humphries St East Point 30344
Lane W Jones Lee William J 81 PO Box 484 Statesboro 30458
Bill 72Post 1 5325 Hillside Dr Forest Park 30050
Lenderman Mike 53 1000 Montreal Rd Apt 49B Clarkston 30021
Linder John 44 5039 Winding Branch Dr Dunwoody 30338
Logan Hugh 62 1328 Prince Ave Athens 30601
Long Bobby 142 PO Box 202 Cairo 31728
232
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Name District Post Office
Looper Max R 8Post 2 PO Box 57 Dawsonville 30534
Lord Jimmy 105 PO Box 254 Sandersville 31082
Lucas David E 102 448 Woolfolk St Macon 31201
Mann Charles C 13Post 3 238 Elbert St Elberton 30635
Marcus Sidney J Matthews Dorsey 26 845 Canterbury Rd NE Atlanta 30324
R McCollum 145 Route 1 Moultrie 31768
Hayward 134 625 Cordele Rd Albany 31705
McDonald Lauren Jr
Bubba McKinney J E 12 Route 2 Box 408A Commerce 30529
Billy 35 765 Shorter Terrace N Atlanta 30318
Milford Billy 13Post 2 Route 3 Hartwell 30643
Money Jerry 5 Route 3 Box 536 Summerville 30747
Mostiler John L Mullinax Edwin 71Post 2 1102 Skyline Dr Griffin 30223
G 69 PO Drawer 1649 LaGrange 30240
Murphy Thomas B Murray William 18 PO Box 163 Bremen 30110
Bill Nessmith Paul E 116 311 S Jackson St Americus 31709
Sr 82 Route 4 Statesboro 30458
Nichols Michael C 27 903 Myrtle St Atlanta 30309
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
233
Name District Post Office
Nix Ken 20Post 3 3878 Manson Ave Smyrna 30080
Noble Bill 48 1523 Oak Grove Rd Decatur 30033
Oldham Lucian K 14 5 Vineland Dr Rome 30161
Owens Ray D 77 Route 1 Appling 30802
Parham Bobby E 109 PO Box 606 Milledgeville 31061
Patten Grover C 146Post 1 PO Box 312 Adel 31620
Patten Robert L 149 Route 1 Box 180 Lakeland 31635
Peters Robert G Phillips L L 2 PO Box 550 Ringgold 30736
Pete Phillips R T 120 PO Box 166 Soperton 30457
Tom ed Phillips W Randolph 59 1703 Pounds Rd Stone Mountain 30083
91 Shiloh 31826
Pilewicz Greg 41 2307 Plantation Dr East Point 30344
Pinkston Frank C Rainey Howard 100 850 Georgia Power Bldg Macon 31201
H 135 913 Third Ave E Cordele 31015
Ralston Ernest 7 Route 2 Sugar Valley 30746
Ramsey Tom 3 Box 295 Chatsworth 30705
Randall William C
Billy 101 PO Box 121 Macon 31202
Reaves Henry L 147 Route 2 Quitman 31643
234
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Name District Post Office
Richardson Eleanor
L 52 755 Park Lane Decatur 30033
Robinson Cas M 58 4720 Fellswood Dr Stone Mountain 30083
Ross Ben Barron 76 PO Box 245 Lincolnton 30817
Rowland J Roy 119 103 Woodbridge Rd Dublin 31021
Rush Dewey D 121 Route 4 Box 266 Glennville 30427
Russell John D 64 PO Box 588 Winder 30680
Savage John Scott Albert 25 69 Inman Circle NE Atlanta 30309
Al 123 859 East 31st St Savannah 31401
Scott David 37 190 Wendell Dr SE Atlanta 30315
Sizemore Earleen 136 Route 3 Sylvester 31791
Smith Virlyn B 42 330 Rivertown Rd Fairburn 30213
Smyre Calvin 92 PO Box 181 Columbus 31902
Snow Wayne Jr Steinberg Cathey 1Post 1 PO Box 26 Rossville 30741
W 46 1732 Dunwoody PL NE Atlanta 30329
Stone R Bayne 138Post 1 208 Hester St Hazlehurst 31539
Swann David Taggart Thomas 90 3420 Heather Dr Augusta 30904
R Tom 125 PO Box 9012 Savannah 31402
Thompson Albert W 93 PO Box 587 Columbus 31902
Tolbert Tommy 56Post 3 1569 Austin Dr Decatur 30032
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
235
Name District Post Office
Toles E B Townsend Kiliaen 16 1114 Park Boulevard Rome 30161
V R 24 1701 Northside Dr NW Atlanta 30318
Triplett Tom 128 PO Box 9586 Savannah 31402
Truluck Ronnie 86 Route 2 Box 190 Hephzibah 30815
Tucker Ray M Tuten James R 73 PO Box 469 McDonough 30253
Jr 153 528 Newcastle St Brunswick 31520
Twiggs Ralph Vaughn Clarence 4Post 2 PO Box 432 Hiawassee 30546
R Jr 57 PO Box 410 Conyers 30207
Veazey Monty 146Post 2 PO Box 1572 Tifton 31794
Waddle Ted W 113 113 Tanglewood Dr Warner Robins 31093
Walker Larry 115 PO Box 1234 Perry 31069
Wall Vinson 61 1694 Little Fawn Dr Lawrenceville 30245
Ware J Crawford 68 PO Box 305 Hogansville 30230
Watkins Lottie H Watson Roy H Jr 34 107 Mathewson PI SW Atlanta 30314
Sonny 114 PO Box 1905 Warner Robins 31093
Wheeler Bobby A 152Post 2 Route 1 Alma 31510
White John 132 Rt 2 Higgins Dr Albany 31707
Whitmire Doug 9Post 2 Lamplighters Cove Box 3666 Gainesville 30501
Williams Hosea L 54 8 East Lake Dr NE Atlanta 30317
236 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Name District Post Office
Williams Roger 6Post l 132 Huntington Rd
Dalton 30720
Williamson George 455825 Glenridge Dr
Suite 219 Atlanta 30328
Wilson Joe Mack 19Post 177 Church St
Marietta 30060
Wood Jim 72Post 35676 Sequoia Dr
Forest Park 30050
Wood Joe T 9Post 1 PO Box 736
Gainesville 30501
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
237
MEMBERS OF THE
GEORGIA HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES BY DISTRICTS AND POST OFFICES FOR THE TERM 19771978
District Representative Post Office
1Post 1 Wayne Snow Jr PO Box 26 Rossville 30741
1Post 2 Forest Hays Jr Route 3 St Elmo Chattanooga Tenn 37409
2 Robert G Peters PO Box 550 Ringgold 30736
3 Tom Ramsey Box 295 Chatsworth 30705
4Post l Carlton H Colwell PO Box 6 Blairsville 30512
4Post 2 Ralph Twiggs PO Box 432 Hiawassee 30546
5 Jerry Money Route 3 Box 536 Summerville 30747
6Post 1 Roger Williams 132 Huntington Rd Dalton 30720
6Post 2 R L Foster 4899 Tibbs Bridge Rd Dalton 30720
7 Ernest Ralston Route 2 Sugar Valley 30746
8Post 1 Joe Frank Harris 712 West Avenue Cartersville 30120
8Post 2 Max R Looper PO Box 57 Dawsonville 30534
8Post 3 Wendell T Anderson Sr Route 4 Canton 30114
9Post 1 Joe T Wood PO Box 736 Gainesville 30501
9Post 2 Doug Whitmire Box 3666 Lamplighters Cove Gainesville 30501
F
238 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
District Representative Post Office
9Post 3 Jerry D Jackson PO Box 7275 Chestnut Mountain 30502
10 Jack Irvin Route 1 Baldwin 30511
11 12 Bill Dover Timbrook Hollywood 30524
Lauren McDonald
Jr Bubba Route 2 Box 408A Commerce 30529
13Post 1 Louie Clark Route 2
Danielsville 30633
13Post 2 Billy Milford Route 3
Hartwell 30643
13Post 3 Charles C Mann 238 Elbert St Elberton 30635
14 Lucian K Oldham
Rome 30161
15 E F Childers
Buddy 15 Kirkwood St Rome 30161
16 E B Toles 1114 Park Blvd Rome 30161
17 Lynn Gammage PO Box 718 Cedartown 30125
18 Thomas B Murphy PO Box 163 Bremen 30110
19Post 1 Joe Mack Wilson 77 Church St Marietta 30060
19Post 2 Max D Kaley 1554 Lancaster Dr Marietta 30060
19Post 3 Bill Cooper 2432 Power Springs Rd Marietta 30060
20Post 1 Johnny Isakson 970 Richmond Hill Dr Marietta 30067
20Post 2 Carl Harrison PO Box 1374 Marietta 30061
20Post 3 Ken Nix 3878 Manson Ave Smyrna 30080
21Post 1 Gene Housley 1011 Housley Rd Marietta 30066
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
239
District Representative Post Office
21Post 2 A L Al
22 Burruss PO Box 6338A Marietta 30065
Mrs Dorothy
23 Felton 465 Tanacrest Dr NW Atlanta 30328
Robert A Irvin
24 Bob PO Box 325 Roswell 30077
Kiliaen V R
25 Townsend 1701 Northside Dr NW Atlanta 30318
John Savage 69 Inman Circle NE Atlanta 30309
26 Sidney J Marcus 845 Canterbury Rd NE Atlanta 30324
27 Michael C Nichols 903 Myrtle St Atlanta 30309
28 Glint Deveaux 374 Ashley Ave NE Atlanta 80312
29 Douglas C Dean 356 Arthur St SW Atlanta 30310
30 Paul Bolster 1043 Ormewood Ave SE Atlanta 30316
31 Mrs Grace T
32 Hamilton 582 University PL NW Atlanta 30314
Mildred Glover 672 Beckwith St SW Apt 7 Atlanta 30314
33 J U Daugherty 202 Daugherty Bldg 15 Chestnut St SW Atlanta 30314
34 Lottie H Watkins 107 Mathewson PL SW Atlanta 30314
35 J E McKinney
36 Billy 765 Shorter Terrace NW Atlanta 30318
G D Adams 532 St Johns Ave SW Atlanta 30315
37 David Scott 190 Wendell Dr S E Atlanta 30315
240 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
District Representative Post Office
38 Mrs Henrietta M
Ganty 2211 Cascade Rd SW Atlanta 30311
39 Bob Holmes 2421 Poole Rd SW Atlanta 30311
40 Dick Lane 2704 Humphries St East Point Ga 30344
41 Greg Pilewicz 2307 Plantation Dr East Point 30344
42 Virlyn B Smith 330 Rivertown Rd Fairburn 30213
43Post 1 Charlie Carnes 110 Spring St NW Suite 315

Atlanta 30309
43Post 2 Gerald Talmadge
Horton 1230 Healey Bldg Atlanta 30303
43Post 3 John W Greer 802 Healey Bldg Atlanta 30303

44 John Linder 5039 Winding Branch Dr Dunwoody 30338
45 George Williamson Suite 219 5825 Glenridge Dr Atlanta 30328
46 Cathey W
Steinberg 1732 Dunwoody PI NE Atlanta 30324

47 Joe Burton 2598 Woodwardia Rd NE Atlanta 30345
48 Bill Noble 1523 Oak Grove Rd
Decatur 30033
49 Ewell Elliott Jr
Hank 411 Decatur Federal Bldg Decatur 30030
50 John Hawkins 1360 Harvard Rd NE Atlanta 30306

51 Peggy Childs
Mrs Mobley 520 Westchester Dr Decatur Ga 30030
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
241
District Representativ e Post Office
52 Eleanor L 755 Park Lane
Richardson
Decatur 30033
53 Mike Lenderman 1000 Montreal Rd Apt 49B Clarkston 30021
54 Hosea L Williams 8 East Lake Dr NE Atlanta 30317
55 Betty J Clark 2139 Flat Shoals Rd SE Apt 3 Atlanta 30316
56Post 1 Don L Butler 4080 Ballina Dr Decatur 30034
56Post 2 Joe J Johnston 4483 Pleasant Point Dr Decatur 30034
56Post 3 Tommy Tolbert 1569 Austin Dr Decatur 30032
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66Post 1 66Post 2 67
Clarence R
Vaughn Jr
Cas M Robinson
R T Phillips
Tom
B B Harris Sr
Vinson Wall
Hugh Logan
Bob Argo
John DRussell
Thomas M Kilgore
Gerald Johnson
Tom Glanton
Nathan G Knight
PO Box 410 Conyers 30207 4720 Fellswood Dr Stone Mountain 30083
1703 Pounds Rd Stone Mountain 30083 3028 Highway 120 Duluth 30136 1694 Little Fawn Dr Lawrenceville 30245 1328 Prince Ave Athens 30601 PO Box 509 Athens 30601 PO Box 588 Winder 30680 1992 Tara Circle Douglasville 30135 PO Box 815 Carrollton 30117 PO Box 1187 Carrollton 30117 PO Box 1175 Newnan 30263
242 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
District Representative
68 J Crawford Ware
69 Edwin G Mullinax
70 Claude A Bray Jr
71Post 1 John R Carlisle
71 Post 2John L Mostilen
72 Post 1 William J Lee
Bill
72Post 2Jimmy Benefield
72Post 3Jim Wood
72Post 4Rudolph Johnson
73 Ray M Tucker
74 Philip Johnson
75 Bobby Carrell
76 Ben Barron Ross
77 Ray D Owens f
78 Bill Jones
79 Marvin Adams L
80iBenson Ham
81 W Jones Lane
82 Paul E Nessmith
Sr
Post Office
PO Box 305 Hogansville 30230 PO Drawer 1649 LaGrange 30240 PO Box 549 Manchester 31816 PO Box 557 Griffin 30223 1102 Skyline Dr
Griffin 30223
5325 Hillside Dr
Forest Park 30050 6656 Morning Dove PI
Jonesboro 30236 5676 Sequoia Dr
Forest Park 30050 5904 Jonesboro Rd
Morrow 30260 PO Box 469 McDonough 30253 PO Box 846 Covington 30209 PO Box 690 Monroe 30655 PO Box 245 Lincolnton 30817 Route 1 Appling 30802 PO Box 3933 Jackson 30233 709 Greenwood Rd Thomaston 30286 PO Box 677 Forsyth 31029 PO Box 484 Statesboro 30458
Route 4
Statesboro 30458
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
243
District Representative Post Office
83 Emory E Bargeron PO Box 447 Louisville 30434
84 Warren D Evans PO Box 670 Thomson 30824
85 R A Dent 1120 Pine St Augusta 30901
86 Ronnie Truluck Route 2 Box 190 Hephzibah 30815
87 Jack Connell PO Box 308 Augusta 30903
88 Graham F Daniel
Jr Danny 1936 Walton Way Augusta 30904
89 Bob Beckham PO Box 1533 Augusta 30904
90 David Swann 3420 Heather Dr Augusta 30904
91 W Randolph Phillips Shiloh 31826
92 Calvin Smyre PO Box 181 Columbia 31902
93 Albert W Thompson PO Box 587 Columbus 31902
94 Sanford D Bishop
Jr PO Box 709 Columbus 31907
95 Thomas B Buck III PO Box 196 Columbus 31902
96 Gary C Cason 3128 College Dr Columbus 31907
97 Mary Jane Galer 7236 Lullwater Rd Columbus 31904
98 Bryant Culpepper PO Box 490 Fort Valley 31030
99 Burl Davis 424 Cotton Ave Macon 31201
100 Frank C Pinkston 850 Georgia Power Bldg Macon 31201
101 William C Randall
Billy PO Box 121 Macon 31202
244 LEGISLATIVE I MANUAL
District Representative Post Office
102 David E Lucas 448 Woolf oik St Macon 31201
103 Kenneth W Birdsong
Ken 820 Gray Hwy Macon 31031
104 Frank Horne 612 Georgia Power Bldg Macon 31201
105 Jimmy Lord PO Box 254 Sandersville 31082
106 Randolph C Karrh
Randy PO Drawer K Swainsboro 30401
107 A D Clifton Route 2 Box 157 Metter 30439
108 Wilbur E Baugh PO Box 926 Milledgeville 31061
109 Bobby E Parham PO Box 606 Milledgeville 31061
110 Ward Edwards PO Box 146 Butler 31006
111 Don Castleberry PO Box 377 Richland 31825
112 E Roy Lambert PO Box 161 Madison 30650
113 Ted W Waddle 113 Tanglewood Dr Warner Robins 31093
114 Roy H Watson Jr
115 Sonny PO Box 1905 Warner Robins 31093
Larry Walker PO Box 1234 Perry 31069
116 William Bill
Murray 124 Forsyth St Americus 31709
117 Ben Jessup PO Box 468 Cochran 31014
118 Terry L Coleman 1201 4th Ave Eastman 31023
119 J Roy Rowland 103 Woodridge Rd Dublin 31021
120 L L Pete Phillips PO Box 166 Soperton 30457
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
245
District Representative Post Office
121 Dewey D Rush Route 4 Box 266 Glenville 30427
122 Arthur M Gignilliat PO Box 968 Savannah 31405
123 Albert Al Scott 859 East 31st St Savannah 31402
124 Joseph A Joe
Battle 2308 Ranchland Dr Savannah 31404
125 Thomas T Tom
Taggart PO Box 9012 Savannah 31402
126 Herbert Jones Jr 413 Arlington Rd Savannah 31406
127 Bobby L Hill 208 E 34th St Savannah 31401
128 Tom Triplett PO Box 9586 Port Wentworth 31402
129 George A Chance Jr PO Box 373 Springfield 31329
130 Bob Hanner Route 1 Parrott 31777
131 Charles F Hatcher PO Box 750 Albany 31702
132 John White Rt 2 Higgins Dr Albany 31707
133 R S Dick
Hutchinson 915 Sixth Ave Albany 31701
134 Haywood McCollum 625 Cordele Rd Albany 31705
135 Howard H Rainey 913 Third Ave E Cordele 31015
136 Earleen Sizemore Route 3 Sylvester 31791
137 Ted Hudson 301 Glynn Ave Fitzgerald 31750
138Post 1 R Bayne Stone 208 Hester St Hazelhurst 31539
246
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
District Representative Post Office
138Post 2 Joel R Greene PO Box 907
Jesup 31545
139 Ren D Kemp PO Box 497
Hinesville 31313
140 Mobley Howell PO Box 348 Blakely 31723
141 Walter E Cox 1109 Pine St
Bainbridge 31717
142 Bobby Long PO Box 202
Cairo 31728
143 James W Keyton PO Box 90 Thomasville 31792
144 Marcus E Collins Route 1 Pelham 31779
145 Dorsey R Matthews Route 1 Moultrie 31768
146Post 1 Grover C Patten PO Box 312 Adel 31620
146Post 2 Monty Veazey PO Box 1572
Tifton 31794
147 Henry L Reaves Route 2 Quitman 31643
148 James M Beck 2427 Westwood Dr Valdosta 31601
149 Robert L Patten Route 1 Box 180 Lakeland 31635
150 Tom Crosby Jr 705 Wacona Dr Waycross 31501
151 Harry D Dixon 130 Coral Rd
Waycross 31501
152Post 1 Paul W Foster PO Box 679 Blackshear 31516
152Post 2 Bobby A Wheeler Route 1 Alma 31510
153 James R Tuten Jr 528 Newcastle St Brunswick 31520
154 Dean Auten 628 King Cotton Rd
Brunswick 31520
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
247
STANDING COMMITTEES
OF THE
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
1978
January 1978
248
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
AGRICULTURE CONSUMER AFFAIRS COMMITTEE
Matthews Chairman Whitmire Vice Chairman
Long Secretary Argo Castleberry Chance Clifton Collins Culpepper Felton Glanton Hanner Harrison Hatcher Hudson Irvin of 10th Lord McKinney Nessmith Ralston Reaves Sizemore Stone Truluck Veazey Wheeler
Agriculture Consumer Affairs Subcommittees
General Agricultural Matters
Chairman Sizemore Vice Chairman Clifton Secretary Lord Veazey
Marketing Livestock Matters
Chance Chairman Castleberry Vice Chairman Hanner Secretary Culpepper Reaves
Milk Milk Control
Hudson Chairman Hatcher Vice Chairman Harrison Secretary Truluck
Poultry Matters
Whitmire Chairman Felton Vice Chairman McKinney Secretary Argo Hudson Ralston Stone
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE
249
Harris of 8th Chairrman Hutchinson Vice Chairman Coleman Secretary Adams of 79th Baugh Beck Beckham Buck Carrell Colwell Connell Daugherty Dixon
Foster of 6th
Foster of 152nd
Gignilliat
Ham
Hamilton
Howell
Jones of 126th
Keyton
Knight
Lambert Lane of 40th Lane of 81st Lee
McDonald
Nix
Patten of 146th
Patten of 149th
Pinkston
Reaves
Richardson
Ross
Rush
Toles
Twiggs
Vaughn
Ware
Whitmire
Wilson
Wood of 9th
Appropriations Subcommittees
Agriculture Consumer Affairs Public Works
Reaves Chairman Coleman Vice Chairman Baugh Secretary
Education
Adams of 79th Howell
Patten of 149th Rush
Hamilton Chairman Ross
Hutchinson Vice Chairman Carrell Secretary
Highway Department Related Agencies
Gignilliat Chairman Colwell
Foster of 152nd Vice Chairman Vaughn
Beckham Secretary Wood of 9th
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250
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Appropriations Subcommittees continued
Human Resources
Toles Chairman Lane of 40th
Connell Vice Chairman Pinkston
Beck Secretary
State Regulatory Agencies
Daugherty Chairman Buck
Keyton Vice Chairman Lane of 81st
Ware Secretary Lee
BANKS BANKING COMMITTEE
Pinkston Chairman Daugherty Vice Chairman Karrh Secretary
Beck McCollum
Beckham Milford
Benefield Mostiler
Carnes Parham
Cason Peters
Horton Pilewicz
Johnson of 47th Ramsey
Jones of 78th Robinson
Kaley Smyre
Logan Townsend
Long Triplett Williamson
Banks Banking Subcommittees General Banking
Logan Chairman Johnson of 74th
Triplett Vice Chairman McCollum
Carnes Secretary Milford Williamson
Industrial Loans
Karrh Chairman Mostiler
Parham Vice Chairman Ramsey
Smyre Secretary
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251
DEFENSE VETERANS AFFAIRS
Wood of 9th Chairman Hays Vice Chairman Wall Secretary Bargeron Crosby Galer Gignilliat
Defense Veterans Affairs Subcommittee
Hays Chairman Galer
Wall Vice Chairman Scott of 123rd
Owens Secretary
Kemp
Kilgore
Owens
Scott of 123rd
EDUCATION COMMITTEE
Ross Chairman Carrell Vice Chairman Phillips of 91st Secretary Anderson Harris of 60th
Benefield Harrison
Burton Hawkins
Cason Hill
Chance Jackson
Clark of 13th Jones of 78th
Clifton Knight
Daniel Mostiler
Dover Oldham
Edwards Phillips of 120th
Elliott Robinson
Evans Savage
Felton Sizemore
Glanton Tucker
Hamilton Wheeler
White
Continued on next page
252
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Education Subcommittees continued
Authorities Retirement System
Tucker Chairman Benefield
Vice Chairman Evans
Burton Secretary
Common Schools
Hamilton Chairman Knight Vice Chairman Edwards Secretary
Harris of 60th Jackson Savage Sizemore
School Building Supplies
Phillips of 91st Chairman Cason
Hawkins Vice Chairman Daniel
Harrison Secretary Oldham
Transportation
Evans Chairman Carrell Vice Chairman Elliott Secretary
Hill
Jones of 78th Robinson
Vocational Education
Phillips of 120th Chairman Chance Vice Chairman Dover Secretary
Anderson Clerk of 13th White
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 253
GAME FISH RECREATION COMMITTEE
Rainey Chairman
Twiggs Vice Chairman
Gam mage Secretary
Adams of 36th Lenderman
Anderson Mann
Argo McCollum
Cox McKinney
Dent Money
Foster of 152nd Mullinax
Hays Noble
Housley Owens
Irvin of 10th Peters
Jackson Ralston
Lane of 40th Rush
Tolbert
Game Fish Recreation Subcommittees
Boating
Adams of 36th Chairman Anderson
Gammage Vice Chairman Housley
Foster of 152nd Secretary
Parks Recreation
Lane of 40th Chairman Dent
Jackson Vice Chairman Money
Owens Secretary
State Fisheries
Mann Chairman Rush
Cox Vice Chairman
Noble Secretary
254
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
HEALTH ECOLOGY COMMITTEE
Marcus Chairman Hudson Vice Chairman Parham Secretary Baugh Burton Childers Clark of 55th Cox Dean Dover Linder Looper
Health Ecology Subcommittees
General Health
Mann
McKinney
Noble
Randall
Richardson
Rowland
Russell
Savage
Smyre
Swann
Clark of 55th Chairman Linder
Burton Vice Chairman Randall
Richardson Secretary Rowland
Savage
Nursing Homes Homes for Aged
Russell Chairman Cox
Childers Vice Chairman Dean
Noble Secretary Swann
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
HIGHWAYS COMMITTEE
255
Lane of 81st Chairman Tripplett Vice Chairman
Stone Secretary Johnston
Benefield Kilgore
Birdsong Logan
Bishop Lord
Cason Matthews
Collins Money
Colwell Oldham
Dent Phillips of 59th
Deveaux Ramsey
Gammage Twiggs
Greene Vaughn
Ham Veazey
Harris of 8th Waddley
Housley Whitmire
Johnson of 74th Wood of 72nd
Highways Subcommittees
Highway Maintenance Shops Facilities
Stone Chairman Colwell
Dent Vice Chairman Money
Ham Secretary Phillips of 59th Ramsey
Interstate Highway System
Twiggs Chairman Veazey
Harris of 8th Vice Chairman Waddle Secretary State Highway System
Tripplett Chairman Gammage
Whitmire Vice Chairman Johnson of 74th
Phillips of 59th Secretary Lord
256 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
HUMAN RELATIONS AGING COMMITTEE
Dent Chaiman
Clark of 13th Vice Chairman
Hill Secretary
Birdsong Looper
Butler Lucas
Crosby Mathews
Deveaux Savage
Steinberg Williams of 6th
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS COMMITTEE
Mullinax Chairman Castleberry Vice Chairman Childers Secretary Butler Galer Greene Mostiler
Phillips of 59th
Watkins
White
Williams of 6th Wood of 72nd
INDUSTRY COMMITTEE
Horton Chairman McDonald Vice Chairman Watson Secretary Bargeron Burruss Daniel Glanton Harrison Horne Isakson Kilgore
Industry Subcommittees
Industrial Development Information Coordination
Mann Chairman Horne
Harrison Vice Chairman Robinson
Lee Secretary
Lee
Mann
Robinson
Scott of 123rd
Tuten
Waddle
Wheeler
Williams of 54th
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 257
Tourist Relations
McDonald Chairman Scott of 123rd
Waddle Vice Chairman Tuten
Williams of 54th Secretary
INSURANCE COMMITTEE
Ware Chairman
Vice Chairman Clifton Secretary Auten Bargeron Davis Greer Jessup Kemp Lenderman
Insurance Subcommittees
Fire Casualty Chairman
Wood of 9th Vice Chairman Greer Secretary
McCollum
Peters
Pilewicz
Taggart
Truluck
W atson
Williams of 54th Wood of 9th
Allied Lines
Clifton McCollum W atson
Health Life Accident
Peters Chairman Lenderman
Williams of 54th Vice Chairman Pilewicz
Bargeron Secretary
INTERSTATE COOPERATION COMMITTEE
Peters Chairman Gammage
Edwards Vice Chairman Mann
Castleberry Secretary
JOURNALS COMMITTEE
Milford Chairman Murray
Smith Vice Chairman Truluck
Foster of 152nd Secretary Watkins
258
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
JUDICIARY COMMITTEE
Snow Chairman Walker Vice Chairman Hatcher Secretary Bray Butler Carnes Childs Culpeppper Daugherty Evans Hill
Judiciary Subcommittees
General Law Procedure
Hatcher Chairman Kaley
Bray Vice Chairman Murray
Culepper Secretary
Law Enforcement
Evans Chairman Butler
Carnes Vice Chairman Karrh Secretary
Irvin of 23rd
Kaley
Karrh
Lambert
Murray
Pilewicz
Rowland
Taggart
Tucker
Pardons Paroles
Lambert Chairman Pilewicz
Childs Vice Chairman Irvin of 23rd Secretary
Trusts Estates
Tucker Chairman Rowland
Walker Vice Chairman Daugherty Secretary
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
259
LEGISLATIVE CONGRESSIONAL REAPPORTIONMENT COMMITTEE
Wilson Chairman Hamilton Vice Chairman Battle Secretary
Adams of 36th Elliott
Nichols Ralston Wood of 72nd
MARTA OVERVIEW COMMITTEE MARTOC
Greer Chairman Childs
Adams of 36th Collins
Deveaux
Glover
Knight
MOTOR VEHICLES COMMITTEE
Jessup Chairman Jackson Vice Chairman Dean Secretary Coleman Crosby Daniel Davis Dixon
Harris of 8th
Hutchinson
Lucas
McDonald
Milford
Scott of 123rd
Smith
Motor Vehicles Subcommittees
Motor Carriers
McDonald Chairman Davis
Harris of 8th Vice Chairman Milford
Jackson Secretary
Title License Affairs
Hutchinson Chairman Smith Vice Chairman Dean Secretary
Crosby
Daniel
Scott of 123rd
260
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
NATURAL RESOURCES COMMITTEE
Reaves Chairman Chance Vice Chairman Cooper Secretary
Adams of 79th
Auten
Battle
Carlisle
Greene
Hanner
Long
Natural Resources Subcommittees
Lord
Noble
Owens
Patten of 146th Patten of 149th Phillips of 120th Smith Tucker
Gas Oil Geology and Minerals
Tucker Chairman Noble Vice Chairman Patten of 146th Secretary
Battle
Greene
Soil Conservation Pollution
Long Chairman Carlisle Vice Chairman Owens Secretary
Auten
Chance
Phillips of 120th
RETIREMENT COMMITTEE
Buck Chairman Townsend Vice Chairman Harris of 60th Secretary Bolster Canty Childs
Clark of 13th Dean
Hutchinson
Johnson of 66th Johnson of 72nd Snow Steinberg Williamson
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
RULES COMMITTEE
261
Lee Chairman Knight Vice Chairman
Edwards Secretary Marcus
Buck Mullinax
Burruss Nessmith
Clark of 55th Parham
Connell Pinkston
Gammage Randall
Greer Townsend
Harrison Triplett
Hawkins Vaughn
Howell Walker
Jones of 126th Wall
Lambert Ware
Linder Wilson
Rules Subcommittees
Privilege Resolutions
Tripplett Chairman Clark of 55tl
Ware Vice Chairman Wall
Howell Secretary
Rules Changes
Vaughn Chairman Gammage
Walker Vice Chairman Parham
Greer Secretary Randall
SPECIAL JUDICIARY COMMITTEE
Thompson Chairman
Randall Vice Chairman
Scott of 37th Secretary
Bishop Looper
Carlisle Nichols
Harris of 60th Nix
Horne Swann
Johnson of 74th Tuten
Kemp Williams of
Lenderman
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262
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Special Judiciary Subcommittees
Code Revision Constitutional Amendments
Carlisle Chairman Horne
Harris of 60th Vice Chairman Randall Secretary Tuten
Inquiry Investigation
Williams of 54th Chairman Nix Vice Chairman Nichols
Scott of 37th Secretary
STATE INSTITUTIONS PROPERTY COMMITTEE
Colwell Chairman Rush Vice Chairman
Anderson Johnston
Auten Jones of 126th
Baugh Keyton
Childs Linder
Coleman Money
Cooper Nichols
Evans Oldham
Felton Rainey
Foster of 6th Taggart
Glover Thompson
Hays Toles
Housley Waddle
Irvin of 10th Watkins
Johnson of 72nd Watson
White
State Institutions Property Subcommittees Eleemosynary Institutions
Rush Chairman Glover
Childs Vice Chairman Money
Toles Secretary Oldham
Watkins
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
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263
Hays Chairman Irvin of 10th Vice Chairman Tones of 126th Secretary Johnston Toles White
Property Control Foster of 6th Chairman Evans Vice Chairman Housley Rainey
Cooper Secretary Waddle
State Income Producing Properties Keyton Chairman Anderson
Johnson of 72nd Vice Chairman Taggart Secretary State Ports Nichols
Jones of 126th Chairman Coleman Vice Chairman Thompson Secretary Auten Baugh Cox Felton Hays Watson
STATE PLANNING COMMUNITY AFFAIRS COMMITTEE
Adams of 36th Chairman Clark of 55th Vice Chairman
Patten of 146th Secretary Birdsong Bolster Canty Dover Foster of 6th Holmes Isakson Johnson of 66th Lane of 40th Phillips of 91st Richardson Scott of 37th Stone Tolbert
Continued on next page
264
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
State Planning Community Affairs Subcommittees
Local Legislation
Richardson Chairman Foster of 6th
Lane of 40th Vice Chairman Phillips of 91st
Dover Secretary Tolbert
State Federal Relations
Patten of 146th Chairman Holmes
Canty Vice Chairman Stone
Secretary
STATE OF REPUBLIC COMMITTEE
Howell Chairman Bray Vice Chairman Hawkins Secretary Cooper Deveaux Edwards Holmes Horne
Kaley
Rowland
Steinberg
Tolbert
TEMPERANCE COMMITTEE
Dixon Chairman Ham Vice Chairmas Carnes Secretary Bishop Davis Galer Glover Johnston
Jones of 78th Swann Thompson Williams of 6th
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 265
UNIVERSITY SYSTEM OF GEORGIA COMMITTEE
Gignilliat Chairman Toles Vice Chairman Logan Secretary
Adams of 79th Isakson
Argo Jessup
Battle Johnson of 72nd
Beck Johnson of 66th
Beckham Karrh
Bolster Lane of 81st
Burton Lucas
Canty Murray
Carlisle Nix
Childers Patten of 149th
Connell Phillips of 91st
Culpepper Ramsey
Glover Russell
Hanner Tuten
Holmes Veazey
Irvin of 23rd
University System of Georgia Subcommittees
Higher Finance
Logan Chairman Karrh
Adams of 79th Vice Chairman Nix
Battle Secretary Ramsey
Long Range Programs
Connell Chairman
Patten of 149th Vice Chairman
Russell Secretary Isakson
Argo Phillips of 91st
Beckham Veazey
266 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
WAYS MEANS COMMITTEE
Collins Chairman Phillips of 120th Vice Chairman Russell Secretary Bray Burruss Carrell Castleberry Greer Hatcher Horton Hudson Irvin of 23rd Keyton
Ways Means Subcommittees
Income Estate Taxes
Rainey Chairman IMarcus
Wall Vice Chairman Snow
Secretary
Public Utilities Transportation
Russell Chairman Hudson
Burruss Vice Chairman Williamson Secretary
Real Intangible Tax
Hatcher Chairman Ross
Castleberry Vice Chairman Sizemore
Bray Secretary
Sales Tax Tax Revision
Keyton Chairman Greer Vice Chairman Walker Secretary
Carrell
Horton
Nessmith
Smyre
Marcus Nessmith Phillips of 59th Rainey Ross
Scott of 37th
Sizemore
Smyre
Snow
Walker
Wall
Williamson
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
267
RULES OF THE HOUSE OF
REPRESENTATIVES
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
269
ORGANIZATION
Rule 1 The legislative power of the State shall be vested in a General Assembly which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives
Ga Const art Ill sec I par I
Rule 2 The Senate and House of Representatives shall be organized by the secretary or clerk thereof who shall be exofficio presiding officer until such officer is elected No question except one relating to the organization shall be entertained by such officer and in deciding such question he shall be governed as far as practicable by the standing rules of the House over which he presides In the absence of such officer his assistant may officiate In the absence of both the body may appoint a chairman whose powers and duties shall be the same as those of the secretary or clerk
Ga CodeAnn sec 47104
Rule 3 The presiding officer of the House of Representatives shall be styled the Speaker of the House of Representatives and shall be elected viva voce from the Representatives A Speaker Pro Tempore shall be elected viva voce from the Representatives and shall act in the case of the death resignation or disability of the Speaker or in the event of his succession to the executive power
Ga Const art Ill sec IV par II
Rule 4 The President of the Senate and Speaker of the House shall be elected by their respective bodies viva voce and a majority of votes shall be necessary to a choice In like manner the Senate shall elect a president pro tern and the House a speaker pro tern whose powers and duties while presiding or in the absence of the permanent officers shall be the same
Ga Code Ann sec 47106
Legislative power and bodies
Organization by Cleric or assistant or chairman
Election of Speaker
Speaker pro tem election and powers
270 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Officers and assistants Rule 5 The officers of the two Houses other than the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House shall be a President Pro Tempore and a Secretary of the Senate and a Speaker Pro Tempore and a Clerk of the House of Representatives and such assistants as each House may provide for Ga Const art Ill sec IV par Ill
Seats Rule 6 The Speaker shall assign seats to the members Members who were members during the last regular session of the House shall be assigned the seats which they held during such last regular session if such seats are available for assignment
Oath of members Rule 7 Each Senator and Representative before taking his seat shall take the following oath or affirmation towit I will support the Constitution of this State and of the United States and on all questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be most conducive to the interests and prosperity of this State Ga Const art Ill sec V par IV
Judges to administer oath Rule 8 The oaths of office prescribed by Const Art Ill Sec V Par IV 21104 may be administered to the members of the General Assembly by any Justice of the Supreme Court Judge of the Court of Appeals or judge of the superior courts to be procured by the person organizing each branch Ga Code Ann sec 47105
Clerks election and term Rule 9 There shall be a secretary of the Senate and clerk of the House of Representatives elected by the members of each House respectively viva voce and a majority of votes cast is necessary to
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
271
elect Their terms of office shall be the time for which the members of the General Assembly are elected
Ga Code Ann sec 47201
Rule 10 Said officers their assistants and engrossing and enrolling clerks before entering on the discharge of their duties shall take an oath before the respective presiding officers of the two Houses to discharge their duties faithfully and to the best of their skill and knowledge of which a minute shall be made and entered on the journals
Ga Code Ann sec 47202
Rule 11 The Clerk of the House shall take an oath for the true and faithful discharge of the duties of his office to the best of his knowledge and abilities and shall be deemed to continue in office until another is elected
Rule 12 The President of the Senate and Speaker of the House shall administer the oaths required to the subordinate officers of their respective Houses
Ga Code Ann sec 47203
Rule 13 Immediately after their election said secretary and clerk shall each give bond and security in the sum of 5000 payable to the Governor and his successors in office and conditioned for the faithful discharge of their respective duties said bonds to be approved by the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House respectively
Oaths of Clerk and assistants
Journal
entry
Term of Clerk
Oaths of
subordinate
officers
Bond of Clerk
Ga Code Ann sec 47204
272 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Clerks care of books Rule 14 The Clerk shall take special care of the books provided for the use of the House
Clerks assistants appointment and pay Rule 15 Said secretary and clerk shall each select and appoint such assistants as may be necessary for the performance of the clerical work of their respective Houses including clerks for such standing or special committees as may be allowed a clerk by order of their respective Houses the compensation of their said assistants shall be fixed by said secretary and clerk respectively and be paid out of the amounts allowed said secretary and clerk respectively in section
Stenographic reporter 47210 Provided however that if either House shall for any purpose employ a stenographic reporter the cost of such reporter shall not be considered a part of the clerical expenses of such House but shall be provided for by a special appropriation Ga Code Ann sec 47208
Approval of assistant clerks by enrolling commitfee Rule 16 No journalizing recording enrolling or engrossing clerk shall be appointed by the secretary of the Senate or clerk of the House of Representatives until such clerk has been examined by the enrolling committee and certified to his respective House to be competent and well qualified to the discharge of the duties required of him and such clerk shall be removed at any time upon the recommendation of the enrolling committee of the House in which he is employed Ga Code Ann sec 47209
Doorkeeper and Messenger election and pay Rule 17 Each House is entitled to a doorkeeper and messenger to perform such duties as may be required of them who shall be elected as provided for the election of clerk of the House of Repre
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273
sentatives and secretary of the Senate and who shall be compensated as provided by each House
Ga Code Ann sec 47301
Rule 18 No doorkeeper or other employee of the House of Representatives or Senate shall sublet his employment or contract in any way nor shall the person having the appointment of any of said employees consent to any substitution of any other person for any of said employees
Ga Code Ann sec 47302
Rule 19 Whenever for any reason the person appointed to any of said positions cannot personally discharge the duties of the same said office shall become vacant and it shall be the duty of the person in whom is vested the appointing power to appoint another person for such time as the original employee cannot discharge his duties and the compensation shall from the date of such new appointment be paid to the new employee for the time he shall serve
Ga Code Ann sec 47303
Rule 20 Whenever the provisions of this Chapter shall be violated and any person shall be substituted for another in violation of the same neither the person so substituted nor the person for whom he is substituted shall receive any compensation out of the State treasury and it shall be the duty of the Fiscal Division of the Department of Administrative Services whenever filling any of said positions to ascertain that the change was made according to the provisions of this Chapter before paying any money to the new officer or employee
Ga Code Ann sec 47305
No employee substitution
Filling
vacancies
No pay when
employee
substitution
274
Duties of Messenger
Sergeant at Arms
Pages
Privilege of floor
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Rule 21 It shall be the duty of the Messenger to attend to the wants of the House while in session to aid in the enforcement of order under the direction of the Speaker and to execute the demands of the House from time to time together with all such processes issued under its authority as may be directed to him by the speaker
There shall be a SergeantatArms of the House who under the direction of the Speaker shall be responsible for maintaining order in the House Chamber galleries and anterooms The SergeantatArms shall be designated by the Speaker and at the direction of the Speaker shall assist the Messenger in the performance of his duties under these rules
Rule 22 Each member of the House shall be allowed a maximum of seven Page Days during each annual session One Page Day shall be deemed to be utilized by the service of one Page Said seven Page Days may be utilized on one legislative day or on separate legislative days in the discretion of the member No one shall be eligible to serve as a Page who is not at least twelve years of age A member must make a reservation for each Page at least one week prior to the date on which he wishes such Page to serve
Rule 23 No person shall be entitled to enter upon the floor of the House except 1 members and officers thereof 2 members and officers of the Senate 3 the Governor of the State 4 staff members of the Office of Legislative Counsel 5 members of the press telegraph radio and television stations and newsreel photographers who bear proper credentials and 6 such others as the House may allow upon recommendation of the Committee on Rules Seats and spaces in the press section shall be assigned and designated by the Speaker
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
275
Identification cards signed by the Speaker and attested by the Clerk shall be issued to all persons entitled to privileges of the floor under this rule
The Doorkeeper of the House is specifically charged with the duty of enforcing this rule
The right is automatically reserved to the Speaker to refuse the issuance of or to revoke cards requested or issued to nonmembers of the House and Senate and thereby prohibit admittance
Spouses and children of the members of the House may be admitted on the floor of the House provided they shall not be seated at the desk of any member
No person shall be admitted on the floor of the House who is engaged in lobbying or who is attempting to influence legislation
Except for the presentation of the Chaplain and the doctor of the day no member shall be recognized for the purpose of introducing visitors in the gallery or on the floor of the House The Speaker shall not recognize the presence of visitors in the gallery unless he deems their presence to be of such importance as to outweigh the value of continuing the business of the House No person not a member of the House shall be recognized to speak unless such person shall have first been so invited by the adoption of a Resolution on or before the previous day
SPEAKERS POWERS AND DUTIES
Rule 24 In all cases of election by the House the Speaker shall vote In other cases he shall not vote unless the House shall be equally divided or unless his vote if given to the minority will make the division equal and in case of such equal
Identification
Doorkeepers
duty
Refusal by Speaker
Spouses and children
No lobbyists
Recognition of Visitors
Vote
276 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL division the question shall be lost But in all cases where a fixed constitutional vote is required to pass the bill or measure under consideration and said bill or measure shall lack only one vote to pass the same the Speaker shall vote and his vote so cast shall be counted the same as that of any other member
Priority of business Rule 25 All questions as to the priority of business to be acted on shall be decided by the Speaker without debate
Recognition Rule 26 When two or more members shall rise at the same time the Speaker shall name the person entitled to proceed
Silence and irrelevant debate Rule 27 The Speaker shall in his discretion suspend irrelevant debate and command silence whenever he may deem it necessary
Yeas and nays Rule 28 The Speaker may at any time order the roll called on any question and take the vote by yeas and nays unless otherwise ordered by the House
Substitute Rule 29 The Speaker may during a days sitting name any member to perform the duties of the Chair during any part of that sitting but no longer
Succession Rule 30 Whenever from any cause the Speaker shall be absent at the beginning of a daily session the Speaker Pro Tempore shall preside If both shall be absent the Clerk of the House shall call the House to order and shall preside until the election of an acting Speaker Pro Tempore which said election shall be the first business of the House The acting Speaker Pro Tempore thus
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
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elected shall preside until the return of one of the first named officers when his functions shall cease
Rule 31 Members of all committees provided for in these rules shall be appointed by the Speaker unless otherwise ordered by the House The Speaker may create in his discretion within any standing committee a subcommittee or subcommittees and constitute the membership thereof
Except for the Committee on Rules and the Committee on Interstate Cooperation a member shall remain on the committee to which he is appointed so long as he is a member of the House In the event a member desires to change committees he may make a request to the Speaker and in the event a change can be accomplished the Speaker is authorized to make such change
Rule 32 The Speaker shall have power to cause the galleries and lobbies of the House cleared by the Messenger and Doorkeepers in case of disturbance or disorderly conduct therein and to cause any person or persons so offending to be arrested and brought before the bar of the House to be dealt with for contempt of the House
Rule 33 No person shall enter the gallery of the Hall of the House of Representatives unless such person has been issued a card by the Speaker authorizing such person to enter said gallery Such card must be signed by the Speaker and must be displayed by such person to the doorkeeper of the gallery The Speaker is hereby authorized to revoke any card issued by him
Appointment of committees and
subcommittees
Clearing galleries and lobbies when disorder
278
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Suspension of
Messenger
and
Doorkeepers
Rule 34 The Speaker shall have power to suspend the Messenger and Doorkeepers for misconduct or neglect of duty He shall report any such suspension to the House within twentyfour hours thereafter for such action as the House may see fit to take
GENERAL BUSINESS AND ORDER OF BUSINESS
Rule 35 The following shall be the order of business
1 Call of the Roll
2 Scripture reading and prayer by Chaplain
3 Report of the Committee on the Journal
4 Reading of the Journal
5 Confirmation of the Journal
6 Unanimous consents
7 Motions to reconsider
8 Introduction of bills and resolutions
9 First and second readings and reference of House bills and resolutions
10 Report of standing committees
11 Reading of bills and resolutions favorably reported
12 Third reading and passage of uncontested local bills and resolutions
13 First and second readings and reference of Senate bills and resolutions
14 Unfinished business of previous session
15 Orders of the day
16 Senate amendments to House bills and resolutions and reports of conference committees
17 House bills and resolutions for third reading
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Rule 36 It shall be the duty of the Committee on Journals to read the Journal of each days proceedings and report to the House that the same is correct before the Journal is read by the Clerk
The reports of the Committee on Journals may be made at any time
Rule 37 The Committee on Rules during the last twentyone days of each session shall arrange and fix the calendar for each days business Such calendar shall be a standing and continuing special order during said period Only the Rules Committee may amend the Rules Calendar during any legislative day except that such Calendar may be changed by a threefourths vote of the members voting provided such threefourths constitutes a majority of the members elected to the House
Rule 38 Every motion to make special orders shall be submitted in writing to the Committee on Rules and reported upon by the Committee before being submitted to the House
Rule 39 Any motion to suspend or change the rules or change the order of business shall be decided without debate Provided that whenever a report from the Committee on Rules is submitted to the House the questions arising on said report shall be debatable until the report of the Committee is agreed to or disagreed to or the main question is ordered There shall be no debate however on the report of the Committee on Rules during the last twentyone days of the session
Rule 40 The Rules of the House known as Constitutional Rules and Statutory Rules shall not be suspended Except as provided elsewhere in these rules no other rule shall be suspended or
Enrolling Committee to report Journal
Calendar of Rules Committee last 21 days
Special orders to Rules
Committee
Suspension or change of rules or order of business debate
No debate on Rules Committees report
Suspension or change of rules or order of business
280 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL changed nor the order of business changed except by a vote of twothirds of the members voting if such twothirds constitutes a majority of the members elected to the Huse
Dispensing with rollcall Rule 41 The rollcall at the opening of each session of the House shall not be dispensed with except by a vote of a majority of the members voting or by unanimous consent The motion to dispense withthe rollcall shall be decided without debate The electric rollcall system may be used to call the roll by the members using the aye switch to signify their presence
Dispensing with reading of Journal Rule 42 The reading of the Journal shall not be dispensed with except by a vote of a majority of the members voting or by unanimous consent The motion to dispense with the reading of the Journal shall be decided without debate
Committee reports Rule 43 The several standing committees of the House shall have leave to report by bill or otherwise The report of the Committee on Rules is in order at any time when the House is not actually engaged in other business
Messages Rule 44 When a message shall be sent to the House of Representatives it shall be announced at the door of the House by the Doorkeeper and be respectfully communicated to the Chair by the person through whom it may be sent Messages may be received at any time while the door is open except while a question is being put or a ballot or a viva voce vote is being taken A message shall be presented to the House by the Speaker when received or afterwards according to its nature and the business in which the House is engaged or its consideration may on motion be ordered by the House
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Rule 45 Questions of privilege shall be first those affecting the rights of the House collectively its safety dignity and the integrity of its proceedings second the rights reputation and conduct of members individually in their representative capacity only Questions of privilege shall have precedence over all other questions except a motion to adjourn Provided that when any matter is pending before the House no question of personal privilege shall be acted on until the pending question shall be disposed of No member shall be allowed to rise on a point of personal privilege until after the period of unanimous consent
Rule 46 Every motion for information from the Executive Department or any other department of the State government shall be considered on the same legislative day on which it is made except that by a vote of a majority of the members elected such motion may be postponed for consideration until the next legislative day after the day on which such motion is made but no later
Rule 47 The meetings of the General Assembly shall be held as prescribed in Art Ill Sec V Par Ill of the State Constitution 21103 The hour of meeting shall be 10 oclock AM and the place at the State Capitol first meeting
Ga Code Ann sec 47103
Rule 48 The House shall convene at 10 AM Sundays excepted unless otherwise ordered by the House The hour of adjournment shall be fixed by a majority of said House on motion without debate
Rule 49 Each House may punish by imprisonment not extending beyond the session any person not a member who shall be guilty of a contempt by any disorderly behavior in its pres
Questions of privilege
Motions for information
First
meeting
Time of meetings
Contempt of nonmembers
282 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL ence or who shall rescue or attempt to rescue any person arrested by order of either House Ga Const art Ill sec V par XI
Reference to petition in Journal Rule 50 Any member presenting a petition memorial or remonstrance shall as concisely as practicable intimate the name and object of the petitioner memorialist or remonstrant which shall be noted on the Journal and the paper may then be referred without reading
Budget for House Rule 51 For the purpose of making up the budget the Director of the Budget shall have the power and it shall be his duty to require from the proper State officials including herein all executive and administrative officers bureaus boards commissions and agencies expending or supervising the expenditure of and all institutions applying for State moneys and appropriations such itemized estimates and other information in such form and manner and at such times as said Director shall direct The estimates for the Legislative Department certified by the presiding offr each House and of the Judiciary as certified by the State Auditor shall be transmitted to the Director in such form and manner and at such time as he shall direct and shall be included in the budget The Director may provide for public hearings on all estimates and may require the attendance at such hearings of representatives of ePrmens agencies boards commissions or institutions applying for State moneys and appropriations After such public hearings and after examination of the estimates submitted the Director may in his discretion revise all estimates except those for the Legislative and Judicial Departments The Governorelect may advise and confer with the Director in the preparation and revision of the estimates and for this purpose he
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shall have access to all estimates and requests submitted by the departments agencies commissions and institutions in compliance with the instructions of the Director
Ga Code Ann sec 40402
Rule 52 No member shall take any books or papers from the possession of the House or Clerk without first acquainting the Clerk and giving him a receipt to return the same in a reasonable time or on his demand
Rule 53 When the reading of any paper is called for and the reading is objected to by any member whether the paper shall be read shall be determined by a vote of the House without debate
QUORUM AND ABSENTEES
Rule 54 A majority of each House shall constitute a quorum to transact business but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and compel the presence of its absent members as each house may provide
Ga Const art Ill sec V par V
Rule 55 The power to compel the attendance of members in order to keep or secure a quorum shall be vested in the Speaker and to this end he may have the doors of the House closed When the doors are so closed no member shall be allowed to retire from the House without first obtaining leave from the House
The Messenger of the House on order of the Speaker may arrest any absentees and bring them
Receipt for papers
Reading of paper
To transact business
Compelling
attendance
Arrest
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284
before the House when necessary to secure a quorum as aforesaid The SergeantatArms of the House shall also be authorized to perform the same duties as provided herein for the Messenger
Motion to determine attendance
Arrest and discharge
Rule 56 Whenever the result of a vote taken shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the House is present or when the Speaker shall officially state the fact to the House it shall be in order for any member to make a motion for a call of the House When such motion is made the Speaker shall state the question as follows Shall the motion for the call of the House prevail and if onefifth of the members present shall vote in the affirmative the Speaker shall order the Clerk to call the roll of members and th absentees shall be noted The doors shall then be closed after which the names of the absentees shall again be called Those who do not appear and who are absent without leave may by order of the majority of the members present be sent for and arrested wherever they may be found by the officers to be appointed by the Messenger for that purpose and their attendance secured and the House shall determine upon what conditions they shall be discharged
Rule 57 Upon the call of all the members the names of the absentees shall be noted by the Clerk and shall appear upon the Journal And it Clerk to shall be the duty of the Clerk to keep a separate
list absentees list of the absentees from each days proceedings
for Journal which list shall be entered upon the Journal The
list shall show which of said absentees are absent without leave which are absent with leave which are absent for providential causes and which are absent for business reasons Said separate list shall be read in the House with the Journal upon which the same is entered
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285
DEBATE AND DECORUM
Rule 58 When any member is about to speak in debate or deliver any matter to the House he shall rise from his seat and respectfully address himself to Mr Speaker No member shall be recognized by the Speaker unless said member is at his designated seat
The member shall be confined to matter in debate and shall not speak more than twice on any subject or more than once until every member choosing to speak shall have spoken
No member of the House shall occupy the floor longer than one 1 hour in debating any question unless otherwise ordered by the House On the last two days of the session no member of the House shall occupy the floor longer than twenty 20 minutes in debating any question unless otherwise ordered by the House Any motion to limit or extend the time of individual speeches shall be decided without debate No such motion shall prevail unless it shall receive the affirmative votes of twothirds of those voting provided the total vote constitutes a quorum Such motion may be made at any time that the movant thereof may legitmately obtain the floor
If any member in speaking or otherwise transgresses the rules of the House the Speaker shall call him to order in which case the said member shall immediately sit down unless permitted to explain The House shall if appealed to decide whether to confirm the Speakers action If the transgressor refuses to submit to the decision of the House for the first offense he shall be reproved for the second he shall be fined in a sum not exceeding ten dollars and if he continues refractory he may be expelled from the House by a twothirds vote of the members which said vote
Request for recognition from seat
Limits on debate
Time
Limit or extension
Order against transgression of rules
Appeal
Penalties
286 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
shall be taken by yeas and nays and recorded on the Journal of the House
Rule 59 Each House shall be the judge of the House over election returns and qualifications of its members membership and shall have power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by censure fine imprisonment or expulsion but no member shall be expelled except by a vote of twothirds of the House to which he belongs
Ga Const art Ill sec V par X
Censure for debate
Duties of Clerk and member
Time
limits
Address
through
Speaker
Rule 60 If any member shall be called to order for words spoken the words excepted to shall be taken down in writing by the Clerk and read The words excepted to shall then be admitted denied or explained by the member who spoke them Thereupon the question of order shall be decided and such other proceedings had as the House may deem proper in regard thereto Provided that if at any time the House is acting under the previous question such question of order and other proceedings referred to shall not be taken up for decision until after the previous question and the main question have bn disposed of or until such future time as may then be ordered by the House But no member shall be held to answer or be subject to the censure of the House for words spoken in debate if any other member has spoken or other business has intervened before the exception to the words is taken
Rule 61 No member shall address the House Right to except as heretofore stated in case of appeals or
continue interrogate a member who is speaking except
through the Speaker Should the member speaking decline to be interrupted the Speaker shall cause the member desiring to interrogate to be silent
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Rule 62 No member shall refer in debate to any private conversation had with another member or to any matters which took place in any committee or in the Senate
Rule 63 In speaking a member shall avoid calling any other member by name when he may have occasion to take notice of his observations but may designate him by his position on the floor or by the district he represents or by the county of his residence
Rule 64 The members of both Houses shall be free from arrest during their attendance on the General Assembly and in going thereto or returning therefrom except for treason felony larceny or breach of the peace and no member shall be liable to answer in any other place for anything spoken in debate in either House
Ga Const art Ill sec V par XII
Rule 65 The members of the House shall refrain from private conversation and preserve silence until a speaking member has taken his seat
Rule 66 No member shall pass between the Chair and a member while he is speaking At the time of adjournment no member shall leave his seat until the Speaker retires
Rule 67 No member shall converse with anyone over the bar of the House
Rule 68 No member or any other person entitled to the privileges of the floor shall be permitted to enter upon the floor of the House while in an intoxicated condition The Messenger
287
Reference to
conversations
etc
Reference to members
Freedom from arrest
Freedom of debate
Silence
during
debate
Limits on movement
No
conversation over bar
No inebriates
288
No applause or hisses
Method
Speakers
question
Decision of House
Time
limits
Debate
limits
Addressing
Written
protest
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and the Doorkeeper of the House are specially charged with the rigid enforcement of this rule
Rule 69 Applause hisses or other noises in the Representative Chamber in the gallery or in the lobbies during any speech or legislative proceeding shall be promptly suppressed
PROTEST AND APPEAL
Rule 70 Should any member of the House be dissatisfied with the ruling of the Speaker on any point he shall rise and respectfully address the iFeaier a1 sy appeal from the decision of
the Chair The Speaker will then state to the House the point ruled on and his decision on it and shall then put the question of appeal to the House as follows All in favor of the decision of the Chair standing as the sense of this House will say AyeThose opposed will say No The decision of the House in sustaining or overruling the Speaker shall be final
Rule 71 All appeals from the decision of the Chair shall be made immediately and no appeal shall be in order after other business has intervened from the time of the alleged error of the Chair and before said appeal is sought
Rule 72 On all appeals on questions of order of a personal character there shall be no debate
Rule 73 Where debate is permissible on appeals from the decision of the Chair any member after being recognized by the Speaker may address his remarks directly to the House
Rule 74 Any member may enter a protest in writing against the action of the House Said protest shall clearly and succinctly set forth the
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grounds of such protest It shall not be argumentative it shall not arraign or impugn the motive of the House or of any member thereof Such protest shall be entered by the Clerk upon the Journal of the House
MOTIONS
Rule 75 When any subject is before the House for consideration or under debate no motion shall be received except the following towit
1st A motion to adjourn
2nd A motion to lay on table
3rd A motion for the previous question
4th A motion to adjourn to a time definite
5th A motion to indefinitely postpone
6th A motion to postpone to a day certain
7th A motion to commit
8th A motion to amend
9th A motion to print
Said motions shall have precedence in the order named
Rule 76 After a motion is stated by the Speaker or read by the Clerk it shall be deemed to be in the possession of the House but may by unanimous consent be withdrawn at any time before the decision
Rule 77 A motion made by any member need not be seconded
Rule 78 No member may make more than one motion at a time While the motion is being put to the House he must resume his seat and he is not
Entry on Journal
Motions allowed during debate
Precedence
Possession
and
withdrawal
No second
One at a time
290
LGISLATIVE MANUAL
No cut off of debate without relinquishing floor
When motion in order
Debate
Renewal
Amendment
If to
particular
time
further entitled to the floor again unless recognized again by the Speaker
Rule 79 No member shall be allowed to address himself to any question and then make any motion the effect of which is to cut off debate without relinquishing the floor
ADJOURNMENT
Rule 80 The motion to adjourn may be made at any time when the movant can legitimately obtain the floor
Rule 81 A motion to adjourn may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained But when the House has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to adjourn is in order nor shall any motion to adjourn be in order after the Clerk has called the first name of the yeas and nays and a vote of one member has been given or after the Speaker has unlocked the rollcall system for voting or after a division of the House has been had on a vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced In such cases the rollcall shall be completed the vote counted and the result finally announced before a motion to adjourn shall be m order
j A motion to adjourn is in no instance
debatable nor shall said motion be made a second time until further progress has been made in the business before the House A motion to adjourn in its simple form shall not be amended
Rule 83 A motion to adjourn to a particular day or for a particular time if made when the House is not actually engaged in other business is
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debatable and is amendable as to the day or time proposed
Rule 84 When a motion to adjourn in its simple form prevails it adjourns the House to the next sitting day or time in course
Rule 85 Whenever the hour of adjournment as fixed by a prior resolution shall arrive while the vote of the House is being taken by yeas and nays the session shall continue until the final vote is taken and announced If said fixed hour of adjournment shall arrive while the House is acting on the main question after the main question has been ordered and before the vote on the main question is being taken either by a division or by the yeas and nays as aforesaid the House shall stand adjourned by virtue of said prior resolution
Rule 86 Neither House shall adjourn for more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of disagreement between the two Houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them
Ga Const art Ill sec V par VI
Rule 87 The General Assembly shall meet in regular session on the second Monday in January of each year By concurrent resolution adopted by a majority of the members elected to both Houses of the General Assembly the General Assembly may adjourn any regular session to such later date as it may fix for reconvening in regular session but shall remain in regular session no longer than forty days in the aggregate each year Separate periods of adjournment may be fixed by one or more such concurrent resolutions The Senate and the House of Representatives shall organize each oddnumbered year and shall be a different General Assembly for each twoyear period All business
291
Effect
Complete yeas and nays
Three day and place limit
Disagreement
Convening
I Adjournment of regular session
Term of session
292
Pending
business
Extraordinary
session
Delay for impeachment
Not after order for main question
Delay until rollcall
Effect of tabling after rollcall
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
pending in the Senate or House of Representatives at the time of adjournment of any regular session may be considered at any regular session of the same General Assembly as if there had been no adjournment Nothing herein shall be construed to affect the power of the Governor to convoke the General Assembly in extraordinary session or the duty of the Governor to convene the General Assembly in extraordinary session upon the certificate of threefifths of the members elected to the Senate and the House of Representatives as provided in Article V Section II Paragraph III Section 22803 of this Constitution If any impeachment trial is pending at the end of any regular or extraordinary session the Senate may continue in session until such trial is completed
Ga Const art Ill sec V par Ill
TABLING
Rule 88 A motion to lay on the table may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the House has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to lay on the table is in order
Rule 89 After a yea and nay vote is called on any bill or resolutionthe House not acting at the time under the previous questionand one vote has been recorded or the Speaker has unlocked the rollcall system for voting no motion to table shall be m order until the rollcall shall have been completed When any bill or resolution is tabled after the completion of the rollcall and then taken from the table nothing can be done except to announce the result of said vote as shown by said rollcall at the time said bill or resolution was tabled
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
293
Rule 90 Nothing may be legitimately laid on the table excepting what may be taken up again
Rule 91 No motion to lay an amendment on the table shall be in order
Rule 92 Neither the motion to lay on the table nor the motion to take from the table is debatable or amendable
Rule 93 A motion to lay on the table or to take from the table may be renewed from time to time when new business has intervened between the votes
Rule 94 If the motion to lay on the table prevails it removes from the consideration of the House the measure together with all the motions attached to it at the time
When a proposition is taken from the table it stands before the House in the exact form with all the motions pertaining to it just as it stood at the time the motion to lay on the table prevailed
Rule 95 A majority of a quorum voting is necessary to lay a bill on the table A majority of a quorum voting may take from the table at any time when the House is not engaged on any other measure any bill resolution or paper which has been ordered to lie on the table and when so taken up the same is thereby restored to its appropriate place on the calendar
Limits on
subject
matter
Not
debatable or amendable
Renewal
Effect
Vote to table and take from table
294 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Limits on subject matter INDEFINITE POSTPONEMENT Rule 96 While the motion to indefinitely postpone takes precedence over a motion to postpone to a day certain or to commit or to amend yet this motion cannot be applied to said motions nor can it be applied to incidental questions such as questions of order reading of papers withdrawal of a motion and suspension of a rule
Debate and amendment Rule 97 The motion to indefinitely postpone lays open the whole question for debate but the motion cannot be amended
No renewal Rule 98 No motion to indefinitely postpone shall be renewed on any bill resolution or other measure after the same has been voted down
Disposal on final reading Rule 99 When a bill resolution or other measure is under consideration on the final reading thereof a motion to indefinitely postpone if decided in the affirmative by a majority of those voting provided the total vote constitutes a quorum thereby disposes of said bill resolution or other measure for the session
Limits on subject matter POSTPONEMENT Rule 100 A motion to postpone to a day certain cannot be applied to subordinate or incidental questions but only to the whole measure
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
295
When the motion prevails it carries forward the whole proposition and its appendages to the day named
Rule 101 On a motion to postpone a question to a day certain it is not in order to debate the merits of the question Debate may be allowed but it shall be confined strictly to the proposition to postpone and to show why one day is preferred to another It shall be the duty of the Speaker to hold members rigidly to these points
Rule 102 The motion to postpone to a day certain may be amended by substituting one day for another In this case the time would be treated as a blank and the Speaker should treat any such amendment as he would those to fill a blank
Rule 103 If a day designated is known to be beyond the limits of the session the Speaker shall treat the motion as one to indefinitely postpone the subject
Rule 104 If the motion to postpone a bill a resolution or other measure is decided in the negative the question is left before the House as it was before the motion was made and a second motion to postpone cannot be made on the same day or at the same stage of the proceeding
Rule 105 The motion to postpone a bill resolution or other measure to a day certain when decided in the affirmative by a majority of those voting providing the total vote constitutes a quorum removes the subject from before the House until the time designated
Effect
Debate
Amendment
Possible
indefinite
postponement
Renewal
Effect
296 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL COMMITMENT
To types of committees Rule 106 Motions to commit may be made to refer a bill resolution or other measure to a standing or special committee or Committee of the Whole House
Precedence of committees Rule 107 A motion to commit to a standing committee takes precedence over a motion to commit to a special committee and shall be first voted on But where a motion is made that a bill resolution or other measure be committed to the Committee of the Whole House this motion shall be put before either of the above named motions
Debate of instructions Rule 108 On a motion simply to commit no debate shall be allowed but where instructions are added the merits of the question may be debated
Amendment Rule 109 A motion to commit may be amended by adding instructions or by substituting another committee for the one named by the member making the motion
Recom mitment Rule 110 Any proposition that has been referred to any committee either standing or special may on motion be recommitted to the same or any other committee by a majority of those voting provided the total vote constitutes a quorum
Time for motion RECONSIDERATION Rule 111 Motions for reconsideration shall be in order immediately after the order of unanimous consent on the day succeeding the action sought to be reconsidered and such other days as hereinafter provided Before any action can be recon
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297
sidered notice must have been given to the House of intention to so move during the legislative day during which the action sought to be reconsidered took place The notice of a motion to reconsider shall not be withdrawn after the time has elapsed within which it might originally have been made A motion for reconsideration takes a majority of those voting providing the total vote constitutes a quorum
When the action sought to be reconsidered occurs on the last legislative day of the week the motion for reconsideration shall be in order on the following Monday When the action sought to be reconsidered occurs on the last day of the session the same may be reconsidered during such day
The action of the House upon a House amendment may be reconsidered at any time before final action upon the section bill or resolution to which the amendment relates The action of the House on Senate amendments shall be in order for reconsideration immediately and not otherwise
Rule 112 No matter shall be reconsidered more than once
Rule 113 All bills reconsidered shall take their place at the foot of the calendar of bills then in order for a third reading
ENACTMENT
Rule 114 The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time except during the first thirty minutes after the confirmation of the Journal or after the reading of the Journal has been dispensed with for the purpose of asking unanimous consent for the introduction of new matter to read any
Notice required time
Time for reconsideration
Of action on
amendment time limits
One reconsideration
Calendar
Unanimous
consent
limits
298 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL bill or resolution the second time or any local bill or resolution a third time to put any local bill or resolution upon its passage or to recommit a bill or resolution or to withdraw it from one committee and recommit it to another The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to put any general bill or resolution upon its passage or to read such bill or resolution and recommit it
Vote The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to cast his vote on any motion resolution amendment bill or other question
One at a time The Speaker shall entertain but one unanimous consent at any one time
Withdrawal of bill Rule 115 Any bill may be withdrawn at any stage thereof by consent of the House
Transmittal to Senate Rule 116 No bill or resolution shall be transmitted to the Senate on the day of the passage thereof except by unanimous consent or unless twothirds of the members voting provided the total vote constitutes a quorum shall so order Provided that any bill or resolution which requires action by the Senate during the last three legislative days shall be immediately transmitted by the Clerk to the Senate
Enrollment Rule 117 The Committee on Journals shall carefully compare enrolled bills and resolutions correct any errors that may be discovered in the enrolled bills or other papers and make their report forthwith to the House
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299
Rule 118 The engrossed copies of all laws and joint resolutions passed by the General Assembly shall be preserved by the chairman of the enrolling committee and deposited in the office of the Secretary of State
Ga Code Ann sec 47901
Rule 119 All Acts and Joint Resolutions shall be signed by the Speaker and Clerk and all writs warrants and subpoenas issued by order of the House shall be signed by the Speaker and attested by the Clerk
Rule 120 All acts shall be signed by the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives and no bill or resolution intended to have the effect of a law which shall have been rejected by either house shall be again proposed during the same session under the same or any other title without the consent of twothirds of the House by which the same was rejected
Ga Const art Ill sec VII par X
Rule 121 Each House shall keep a journal of its proceedings and publish it immediately after its adjournment The General Assembly shall provide for the publication of the laws passed by each session
Ga Const art Ill sec VII par I
Rule 122 The original journal shall be preserved after publication in the office of the Secretary of State but there shall be no other record thereof
Enrolling committee to preserve laws
Signatures
Reproposal of laws
Journal and law publication
Journal
preservation
Ga Const art Ill sec VII par II
300 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL INTRODUCTION AND READING
Filing Rule 123 No bill or resolution requiring the fnSrrmf Vite fithe Senate for Passage shall be introduced unless the same shall have been filed in the office of the Clerk not later than one hour after the time of adjournment on the previous day
Deadline on introduction resolution shall be introduced after the 30th day of any regular session except upon the affirmative vote of threefifths of the members present provided a quorum is present
Two copies clerk and press Rule 124 When introducing a bill or resolution a member shall file an original and one copy with the Clerk
Form of bills and resolutions Rule 125 All bills and resolutions shall be typed printed or otherwise duplicated and the name of the member introducing the same as well as the district he represents shall be on the back thereof There shall also appear on the back the title or brief summary thereof
Subject matter limits Rule 126 No law shall pass which refers to more than one subject matter or contains matter different from what is expressed in the title there
Reference to laws Ga Const art III sec VII par IV Rule 127 No law or section of the Code shall be amended or repealed by mere reference to its flteor the number of the section of the Code but the amending or repealing act shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as well as the alteration to be made Ga Const art Ill sec VII par XII
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301
Rule 128 No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the newspaper in which the sheriffs advertisements for the locality affected are published once a week for three weeks during a period of sixty days immediately preceding its introduction into the General Assembly No local or special bill shall become law unless there is attached to and made a part of said bill a copy of said notice certified by the publisher or accompanied by an affidavit of the author to the effect that said notice has been published as provided by law No office to which a person has been elected shall be abolished nor the term of the office shortened or lengthened by local or special bill during the term for which such person was elected unless the same be approved by the people of the jurisdiction affected in a referendum on the question When any local law shall add any member or members to any municipal or county governing authority the members of which are elected by the people such local laws must provide that the member or members so added must be elected by the qualified voters of the political subdivision affected under such rules as the General Assembly may in said law provide
Ga Const art Ill sec VII par IX
Rule 129 No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the newspaper in which the sheriffs advertisements for the locality affected are published once a week for three weeks during a period of 60 days immediately preceding its introduction into the General Assembly No local or special bill shall become law unless there is attached to and made a part of said bill a copy of said notice certified by the publisher or accompanied by an affidavit of the author to the effect that said notice has been
Notice on local bills
Affidavit of publication
Referendum if applies to office
Addition to local
governing
body
Notice on local bill
Affidavit
302
Referendum on office
Addition to local governing authority
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
published as provided by law No office to which a person has been elected shall be abolished nor the term of the office shortened or lengthened by local or special bill during the term for which such person was elected unless the same be approved bv the people of the jurisdiction affected in a referendum on the question Where any local law snail add any member or members to any municipal or county governing authority the members of which are elected by the people such local law must provide that the member or members so added must be elected by a majority vote of the fected voers Poetical subdivision af
Ga Code Ann sec 47801
Clerks duty to print and distribute
No passage until
distributed
Suspension of bill or resolution for floor amendments distribution
Ruie 130 The Clerk shall as soon as possible eJ any bl1 r resolution of general application is Hied m his office cause the same to be printed and when such bill or resolution is placed on the general calendar the Clerk shall distribute a copy thereof to each member of the House Whenever any such bill or resolution of general application shall be reported back by the committee to which it was referred with the recommendation that it do pass as amended the Clerk shall cause the recommended amendment to be printed and copies thereof to be distributed to each member No bill or resolution of general application shall be placed on its passage unless
TrfS if nhu SarVe and any committee amendments shall have been printed and distributed to the members prior to consideration for passage The House may at any time by a vote of a nrnjonty of those voting provided the total vote constitutes a quorum suspend action upon any pendmg bill or resolution of general application Uu ii amendments offered thereto on the floor shall have been printed and distributed to the members
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303
Rule 131 All bills and resolutions shall be called in the numerical order in which they stand on the calendar or as otherwise directed by the Speaker or by the House Provided that the General Appropriations Bill shall have precedence on the third reading over all other matters even Special Orders until final disposition of the said Bill
So that the proper numerical order may be accurately and fairly determined as between bills and resolutions it shall be the duty of the Clerk to place on each bill and resolution as same is read the first time a number following the numerical order in which said bills and resolutions are read the first time adopting one series of numbers and the same series of numbers for both bills and resolutions Before reading any bill or resolution the second or third time the Clerk shall distinctly state its number and the name of the member by whom introduced
Rule 132 A motion to engross a bill may be made upon reading the bill the first time and at no other time When a motion to engross is made no debate shall be permitted except that the movant may speak to his motion not longer than five minutes and any one other member of the House may speak in opposition thereto for five minutes No bill or resolution shall be engrossed except upon the affirmative vote of twothirds of the members voting provided the total vote constitutes a quorum or except by unanimous consent In case of engrossment of any bill or other matter the entry thereof shall be made by the Clerk and the bill or other matter shall not be amendable thereafter unless subsequently committed
Rule 133 Every bill before it shall pass shall be read three times and on three separate days in
Calendar
Precedence of General Appropriation Bill
Numbering by Clerk at first reading
Reading by Clerk
Engrossment at first reading
Debate
Vote
Restricts
amendment
Readings
required
304
Automatic
second
reading
No debate at first or second reading
Reference by speaker
Unless
otherwise
ordered
Limited debate only where instructions
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
each House unless in cases of actual invasion or insurrection but the first and second reading of each local bill shall consist of the reading of the title only unless said bill is ordered to be engrossed
Ga Const art Ill sec VII par Ill
not The Clek of House shall mail
not more than two copies of any privileged resolution which is adopted by the House In the event the author or authors of any such resolution desire additional copies to be mailed such author or authors shall bear the cost thereof
Rule 134 Whenever any bill or resolution having the force and effect of law is filed with the Clerk it shall be read for the first time on the succeeding day and such day shall be deemed to be the date on which the bill was introduced Such bill or resolution shall then automatically be read tor the second time on the legislative day following the day on which it is introduced There shall be no debate on the first or second reading of anv bill or resolution
USE OF COMMITTEES
Rule 135 Upon the introduction of any bill or resolution brother matter requiring reference to a committee the Speaker shall as a matter of course and without debate commit the same to the proper committee unless otherwise ordered by the House J
When motion is made to refer a bill or resolution to a committee other than the one to which it is referred by the Speaker no debate shall be permitted unless instructions are added Even when instructions are added no debate shall be
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305
permitted except that movant may speak to his motion not longer than five minutes and any one other member of the House may speak in opposition thereto for five minutes
All resolutions providing for appointment of committees of inquiry or investigation and any or all other resolutions not privileged except motions for information from the Executive Department and any other Department of the State Government shall be referred by the Speaker to the appropriate committee unless by order of the House referred to some other committee
Rule 136 No Committee of the Whole or other committee shall deface or interline a bill resolution or other paper referred to said committee but shall report any amendment recommended on a separate paper noting the section page or line to which said amendment relates No person shall write upon or mark upon the original bill in any manner
Rule 137 All reports of a committee shall be in writing and the minority of a committee may make a report in writing setting forth succinctly the reasons for their dissent Each committee shall wherever practicable include with their report on each general bill or resolution a brief resume of the bill and the reasons for the action taken by the committee If the committee shall so order the Clerk shall have such report printed and distributed to the members of the House
Rule 138 In cases where the report of a committee is favorable to the passage of a bill or resolution the same shall be passed to a third reading without question If the report of a committee is adverse to the passage of a bill or resolution the question shall be on agreeing to the report of the committee Provided that House and
Matters
specifically
requiring
reference
No defacement
Reporting
amendments
Form of reports
Printing
report
Action on report
306
Time limit on motion to disagree
Calendar
Effect of agreement or disagreement
Precedence of reports
Committee of the Whole
Forcing report after ten days
Notice
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Senate bills and resolutions adversely reported shall not be taken up except by request of the authors of such bill or resolution or some member of the House which request must be made not later than adjournment of the next legislative day following the unfavorable committee report In such case the motion to disagree shall be placed on the calendar If the report of the committee is agreed to the bill or resolution shall be lost If the report of the committee is disagreed to the bill or resolution shall be passed to a third reading unless recommitted
Rule 139 Where a bill or resolution has been referred to and reported by more than one committee or has been reported and recommitted to the same committee the last committee report shall be acted on by the House and in all cases the report of the Committee of the Whole House shall be first acted on by the House
Rule 140 Whenever any bill or resolution has been referred to a committee and the committee has held the bill or resolution in the custody or control for ten days without reporting on same the author of such bill or resolution or any member of the House shall have the right immediately after the confirmation of the Journal to give notice that at the next regular meeting day of the House he will submit a motion instructing such committee to report such bill or resolution back to the House After which on the next regular meeting day of the House any member of the House immediately after the confirmation of the Journal may move to instruct such committee to report such bill or resolution back to the House If the motion is passed by twothirds of those voting if those voting constitute a quorum it shall be the duty of such committee to report such bill or resolution accordingly with or without recommendation as the case may be at the next regular meeting day Upon failure of said committee to
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307
report such bill or resolution accordingly the same shall automatically be returned to the House for consideration Debate on said motion to instruct such committee to report such bill or resolution back to the House shall be limited to twenty minutes unless otherwise ordered by the House When such bill or resolution is so reported or returned to the House it may be referred or committed as other bills or resolutions
Provided that any motion or resolution to set a special order or to change the order of business for any particular day which has been referred to the Committee on Rules may be held in the custody and control of such committee only three days
Rule 140A If a majority of the members of the House whose districts are wholly or partially located within a political subdivision shall file with the Chairman of the State Planning and Community Affairs Committee their own rules as to the number of Representatives who must sign proposed legislation affecting that political subdivision before it will be favorably reported by the State Planning and Community Affairs Committee the Committee shall observe such rules in considering such legislation Otherwise the Committee shall not favorably report any legislation affecting a political subdivision unless all of the Representatives whose districts are wholly or partially located within the political subdivision shall sign such legislation
No bill or resolution referred to the Committee shall be released to any person including members of the House except upon the condition that such person shall return the bill or resolution to the Chairman of the State Planning and Community Affairs Committee within 48 hours of the Chairmans request to do so
Debate
limited
Recommit
ment
Three days on order of business
Political
subdivision
308
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Speakers
resolving
Houses
resolving
Notice
Debate limits
Renewal
limited
Appropriations
COMMITTEE OF THE WHOLE
Rule 141 The Speaker may resolve the House into a Committee of the Whole without a motion being made therefor whenever a bill or resolution required by the rules of the House to be considered in the Committee of the Whole shall be in order for consideration on its third reading
Rule 142 The House on motion of a member may resolve itself into a Committee of the Whole House by a majority of those voting provided that the total vote constitutes a quorum Provided that notice of intention to make such motion shall be given during the session of the preceding day Individual speeches on such motion shall be limited to three minutes If such notice shall not have been given the motion shall prevail if it shall receive the affirmative votes of twothirds of those voting if the twothirds constitutes a majority of all of the members elected to the House Provided further that whenever the House either by its own vote or by unanimous consent shall commit any bill or resolution to the Committee of the Whole House and subsequently a motion shall be made to resolve the House into a Committee of the Whole to consider such bill or resolution and such motion shall be lost the said motion shall not be again renewed but it shall be the duty of the Speaker to require the Clerk to read the bill or resolution again on the following days session under the order of introduction of new matter or reading of bills the first time and to refer such bill or resolution to the appropriate committee unless otherwise ordered by the House However for the consideration of the General Appropriation Bill the House may on motion of a member resolve itself into a Committee of the Whole House by a majority of those voting provided the total vote constitutes a quorum and no previous notice shall be necessary
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309
Rule 143 In forming a Committee of the Whole House the Speaker shall leave the Chair and a Chairman to preside in committee shall be appointed by the Speaker
Rule 144 The Committee of the Whole shall not proceed with the business before it whenever a vote on any question shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the House is present Whenever it is suggested that a quorum is not present the Chairman of the Committee shall satisfy himself of the fact by actual count of the Committee and shall report the same to the Committee and the Chairman shall on his own motion order that the Committee immediately rise and he shall report the fact of the absence of a quorum to the House
Rule 145 In the Committee of the Whole bills shall be first read throughout by the Clerk and then again be read or debated by clauses or sections leaving the title to be last considered unless otherwise ordered
Rule 146 The Rules of the House shall be observed by the Committee of the Whole so far as they may be applicable except that the Committee of the Whole can not refer a matter to any other committee it can not adjourn the previous question can not be enforced a motion to lay on the table or to indefinitely postpone shall not be in order a member may speak as often as he may obtain the floor no call of the House shall be in order and votes shall not be taken by yeas and nays
Rule 147 A motion to reconsider shall be in order in the Committee of the Whole
Rule 148 The Speaker may in the Committee of the Whole take part in the proceedings and he as well as all other members shall vote on all
Speaker
appoints
chairman
Quorum
required
Consideration of bills
Rules
Action
limited
Reconsider
ation
Speakers
authority
310
Voting
Papers from House
Control of order
Report on misconduct
Limiting
debate
Recess
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questions before the Committee unless excused No pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed in the Committee of the Whole
Rule 149 In the Committee of the Whole any papers in the possession of the House may be called for by any member and read by the Clerk for the information of the Committee unless the Committee shall otherwise order
Rule 150 The Chairman of the Committee of the Whole shall have power to have the galleries or lobbies cleared in case of any disorderly conduct therein
Rule 151 A Committee of the Whole House can not puhish disorderly conduct of its members but mustreport the same to the House for action thereon
Rule 152 If at any time in the Committee of the Whole it shall be desired to close the debate or to limit the time allowed members for speaking the Committee may rise and report its desire to the House and the House shall take such action thereon as it may see fit by a resolution Said resolution shall apply only to the subjectmatter before said committee When said resolution has been agreed to or refused by the House the action of the House shall be deemed the sense of the Committee and the House may then on motion again resolve itself into a Committee of the Whole and continue the consideration of the subject
Rule 153 In the event that a Committee of the Whole House at any sitting for want of time shall fail to complete any matter under consideration it may on motion at any time rise report progress and have leave to sit again generally or at a day certain
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Rule 154 A motion that the Committee rise report progress and ask leave to sit again may be made at any time when the movant can legitimately obtain the floor Such motion shall take precedence over all other motions and shall be decided without debate When it prevails the Committee shall immediately rise When the regular hour for adjournment of the House arrives the Committee shall automatically rise and the Speaker shall assume the Chair
Rule 155 When the Committee of the Whole has disposed of bills resolutions or other measures before it by motion and question it shall rise and the Chairman shall be instructed to report the action of the Committee to the House At this point the Speaker shall resume his seat and the Chairman shall return to the floor and shall state in substance as follows Mr Speaker the Committee of the Whole House has had under consideration naming what and has instructed me as its Chairman to report the same back to the House with the recommendation that the same do pass or do pass as amended or do not pass as the case may be
The Speaker shall receive this report and repeat the same and the matter shall then be before the House for action just as though reported by any other committee
Rule 156 Amendments offered to an amendment in the Committee of the Whole shall not be reported to the House but the report shall contain kMi the Committees action on the
bill resolution or measure under its consideration
Rule 157 Amendments proposed by the Committee of the Whole may be amended or rejected by the House and matters stricken out by the Committee may be restored by the House
Adjournment
Completion of work
Report to Speaker
Speakers
Report
Contents of report
Action on report
312 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Journal entry Rule 158 The proceedings of the Committee of the Whole shall not be recorded on the Journal of the House except so far as reported to the House by the Chairman of said Committee
Methods AMENDMENT Rule 159 There are three ways in which a proposition may be amended towit 1st By inserting or adding words 2nd By striking out words 3rd Bv striking out and inserting words
Limits An amendment is itself subject to be amended in all three of the ways above mentioned but it is not permissible to amend an amendment to an amendment
Substitute Rule 160 A substitute shall be treated as an amendment in these rules unless it is clearly indicated otherwise Provided however for the purpose of amending a substitute a substitute shall not be treated as an amendment
Form Rule 161 All motions to amend any matter before the House must be in writing They must plainly and distinctly set forth the amendment desired and the part of the bill or resolution where said amendment shall be inserted or added
Speaker to strike irrelevant amendments Rule 162 Any irrelevant amendment or amendment which is not germane to the subject under consideration shall be ruled out of order by the Speaker
Limited to subject matter Rule 163 No motion on a subject different from that under consideration shall be admitted under color of amendment
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313
Rule 164 Where blanks occur in any proposition they must be filled first before any motion is made to amend the proposition
Rule 165 When a bill or resolution is before the House for consideration and amendments are pending thereto and a substitute shall be offered for said bill or resolution and an amendment shall be offered to said substitute it shall be in order for the House to perfect first the original bill or resolution and then perfect the substitute The question shall then be on agreeing to the substitute as amended if it be amended and if decided in the affirmative the question shall be Shall this bill pass or resolution be adopted as the case may be by substitute
Rule 166 When a motion is made to amend by striking out a part of a bill or resolution any amendment offered to perfect the part proposed to be stricken shall be put first before the question is put for striking it out
Rule 167 On all questions whether in committee or in the House the last amendment the most distant day and the largest sum shall be first put
Rule 168 After commitment of a bill and report thereof to the House it may be amended before the report of the committee is agreed to by the House but the amendments if any reported by the committee shall be disposed of before any other amendment be considered unless it be an amendment to a committee amendment
Rule 169 An amendment cannot be offered after the report of the committee to which the bill or resolution under consideration was referred has been agreed to by the House unless said action of the House in so agreeing to said report of said committee shall first be reconsidered
Blanks to be filled
Order of perfection
Priority of amendments
Committee
report
amendments
Not while agreement on committee report
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314
Clerks
reading
Consideration by parts
Committee
amendments
automatic
No recurring
Precedence of action on Senate amendment
Speakers power to rule out if not germane
Rule 170 When a motion is made to amend by striking out and inserting the Clerk shall read the paragraph as it is then the words to be stricken out and finally the whole paragraph as it would be if amended
Rule 171 When a proposition consisting of several sections or resolutions is on a final reading and the House shall agree to a motion to consider the same by sections or paragraphs the Clerk in reading the same shall pause at the end of each section or resolution and the amendments thereto shall be offered as the several sections or resolutions are read But the amendments offered by the committee to which said bill or resolution was referred shall be read by the Clerk without any motion being made When a section or resolution shall have been considered it is not in order to recur and amend it
Rule 172 The questions which arise before the House respecting amendments by the Senate to a House bill or resolution are in order of precedence
1st A motion to agree to the Senate amendment
2nd A motion to disagree with the Senate amendment
3rd A motion to recede from the Houses disagreement or amendment
4th A motion to insist on the Houses disagreement or amendment
The Speaker is authorized on his own motion or upon point of order being made when in his opinion a Senate amendment to a House bill is not germane to rule out such amendment The effect of such ruling of the Speaker if not appealed from or if appealed from and the appeal not sustained
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shall be the same as a vote of the House to disagree and the Clerk shall so report it to the Senate Such point of order shall take precedence over a motion to agree
Provided that when any question of disagreement with the Senate arises the following motions shall be in order at any time the movant can legally obtain the floor 1st a motion to insist upon the House position 2nd a motion to recede from the House position Debate thereon is limited as in the case of reconsideration These motions shall be put in the order listed subject to disposition by the House of any amendments affecting the matter in disagreement
Rule 173 A motion to amend an amendment made by the Senate to a House bill or resolution takes precedence over a motion to agree or disagree to said amendment
Rule 174 When any bill or resolution which originated in the House has been amended in the Senate and is before the House for action on the Senate amendment an amendment may be offered in the House to the Senate amendment but the House amendment to the Senate amendment cannot be further amended It must be agreed to or voted down
Rule 175 A Senate amendment to a House bill or resolution must be adopted by the vote required to pass the bill resolution or matter under consideration Any rule contravening the letter or spirit of this Rule is hereby repealed
Rule 176 Whenever any member moves that a Committee of Conference be appointed on disagreeing votes or other matters of the two houses
Clerks report
Disagreement
motions
Debate
limited
Precedence of amendment
Limits on amendment
Adoption of Senate amendment
Conference
Committee
316
Appointment on motion
Consideration
Recommenda
tions
Report
Discharge
Last five days of session
Distribution of report
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
and said motion prevails the Speaker shall appoint three 3 members for the Committee who voted in the majority on the position assumed by the House on the passage of the bill or resolution if such vote has been had
The Committee of Conference may consider the whole subject matter embraced in a bill resolution or other matter before it and may recommend rescission by either house new amendments new bills and resolutions or other germane changes unless instructed otherwise by the House on motion before the members of the Conference Committee are appointed
A report of a Committee of Conference must be approved by a majority vote of the entire membership of the Committee before the report may be transmitted to either the Senate or the House
After a Committee of Conference has been in existence for five 5 days and has failed to make a report to the House on the question under consideration the House on motion and by a majority vote of all members elected to the House may discharge the House conferees and appoint new conferees instruct said House conferees or make any other motion not contrary to the rules of the House Provided that during the last five 5 days of the session the above motions may be made and passed at any time but not more often than every three 3 hours
All Conference Committee reports shall be printed and distributed to the Representatives prior to consideration of the same unless the printing of the same be dispensed with by a majority vote of all members elected to the House
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317
All Conference Committee reports must be adopted by the vote required to pass the bill resolution or matter under consideration
PREVIOUS QUESTION
Rule 177 The previous question may be called and ordered upon a single motion or an amendment or it may be made to embrace all authorized motions or amendments and include the entire bill
Rule 178 Any member may call for a division of the question on a subject which in the opinion of the presiding officer is one which may be divided
Rule 179 The member calling for a division must state what definite parts and how many he would have the question divided into Each part of the divided proposition must be so distinct that if taken away the remainder can stand by itself as a consistent and entire unit
A qualifying paragraph an exception or a proviso if taken from that to which it belongs would not contain a distinct or entire proposition
A motion to strike out and insert is an indivisible proposition
Rule 180 The motion for the previous question shall be decided without debate and shall take precedence over all other motions except a motion to adjourn or to lay on the table Neither of said motions shall be made more than once until after the previous question has been exhausted When it is moved the first question shall be Shall the motion for the previous question be sustained If this be decided by a majority of those voting provided the total vote constitutes a quorum and
Adoption of report
Subject
matter
Call for division
Distinct
parts
No debate on motion
Precedence
Form of questions
318
Vote
Main question Adjournment
Reconsidera
tion
Debate
Committee
Introducer
Others
One time
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
the next question towit Shall the main question be now put is decided in the affirmative by a majority of those voting provided the total vote constitutes a quorum all other motions except one to reconsider the action in ordering the main question will be out of order and the House cannot adjourn until the previous question is exhausted or the regular hour of adjournment arrives
But no motion to reconsider the action of the House in ordering the main question shall be in order after the Clerk has called the first name on call of the yeas and nays and the vote of any member has been given or the Speaker has unlocked the rollcall system for voting or after a division of the House has been had on the vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced in such cases the rollcall shall be completed the vote counted and the result finally announced
Rule 181 When the previous question has been ordered the House shall then proceed to act on the main question without debate except that before the main question is put twenty minutes shall be allowed to close the debate to the committee whose report of the bill or other measure is under consideration If the report of the committee is adverse to the passage of the bill or other measure the introducer of the bill shall be allowed twenty minutes before the time allowed to the committee The Chairman of the committee or the introducer of the bill or other measure may yield the floor to such members as he may indicate for the time or any part of it allowed under this rule This rule shall not be construed to allow the twenty minutes above referred to to be used more than once on any bill or measure and then on the final passage of the bill or measure
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319
In all cases where a minority committee report has been submitted on any matter if the previous question is ordered there shall be twenty minutes allowed to the member whose name is first signed to said minority report or to such member or rnembers as he may indicate for the time so allowed or any part of it before the twenty minutes allowed to the Chairman submitting the majority report
Rule 182 A call of the House shall not be in order after the previous question is ordered unless it shall appear upon an actual count by the Speaker that a quorum is not present
Rule 183 All incidental questions of order arising after a motion is made for the previous question and pending such motion shall be decided whether on appeal or otherwise without debate
Rule 184 The effect of the order that the main question be now put is to bring the House to a vote on pending questions in the order in which they stood before it was moved
Rule 185 After the main question has been ordered a motion to reconsider this action will if adopted have the effect to repeal the ordering of both the main question and the previous question and will leave the pending measure again open to debate and amendment The motion to reconsider the ordering of the main question can be made only once and if lost or if the main question is again subsequently ordered on the pending measure no second motion to reconsider the ordering of the main question shall be entertained
If minority committee report
No call unless no quorum
No debate on
incidental
questions
Effect of main question
Effect of reconsideration
Limits cm reconsideration
320 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL VOTING
Requirements for law Rule 186 No bill shall become a law unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the members elected to each House of the General
Journal Assembly and it shall in every instance so appear on the Journal Ga Const art Ill sec VII par VII
General requirement Rule 187 In the event no specific vote is provided in these rules for the passage of any resolution motion or measure which will not become a law the vote for such passage must be by at least s constitutional majority of members elected to the House unless enacted by unanimous consent
Time for Rule 188 No member shall be permitted to cast his vote on any motion resolution amendment bill or other question until the question is put to the House by the Speaker by viva voce vote or division of the House or until after the roll call has begun
Speakers question Rule 189 The Speakers method of stating a question or any motion after the same has been read to the House by the Clerk shall be as follows All in favor of the motion will say AyeThose opposed will say No When a decision seems
Requiring division doubtful to the Speaker or when a division of the House is called for by any one member of the House the Speaker shall call upon the members in favor of the motion to rise After a count is had by the Clerk he shall call upon the members to reverse their positions and the Speaker shall announce the result
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321
Rule 190 When less than a quorum vote on any subject under consideration by the House the Speaker may order the doors of the House to be closed and the roll of members called by the Clerk or the electric rollcall system If it is ascertained that a quorum is present either by answering to their names or by their presence in the House the refusal of any member present to vote unless excused shall be deemed a contempt of the House
Rule 191 After the main question is ordered any member may call for a division of the House in taking the vote or may call for the yeas and nays if the call for the yeas and nays is sustained by onefifth of the members voting the vote shall be taken by the yeas and nays and so entered on the Journal
Rule 192 A motion for the call of the yeas and nays shall be decided without debate
Rule 193 On the call of the yeas and nays the Clerk shall read the names of the members after they have been called and no member shall be permitted to change his vote unless he at that time declares that he voted under a mistake of the question When the electric rollcall system is used this rule shall not be applicable
Rule 194 When the question is put every member within the hall shall vote unless he is immediately and particularly interested therein or unless he is excused by the House A motion to excuse a member from voting must be made before the House divides or before the call of the yeas and nays is commenced and it shall be decided without debate except that the member making the motion may briefly state the reason why in his opinion it should prevail
Roll call to
determine
quorum
Vote required
Call for division of yeas and nays
Journal
No debate on motion for yeas and nays
Clerks call
Changed vote
Electric
rollcall
Vote required
Excuse time and debate
322 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Not if interest Rule 195 No member shall vote upon any question in the result of which he is immediately and particularly interested In every case where the
Contesting seats seat of a member is being contested the sitting member and the contestant shall both retire from the House before the vote is taken
No pairing Rule 196 No pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed as an excuse for not voting
No vote for another Rule 197 No member or person shall vote for or attempt to vote for another member on any question or proposition Violation of this rule shall be deemed to be disorderly behavior and subject to punishment as provided by the Constitution and Rules df the House
Explanation Rule 198 No member shall be permitted to explain his vote during a roll call but he may reduce his explanation to writing in not more than 200 words If this writing is filed with the Clerk on the same day as the roll call the writing shall be spread upon the Journal
No debate during yeas and nays Rule 199 During the calling or reading of yeas and nays on any question no debate shall be had
Verification Rule 200 Verification of a roll call vote may be dispensed with only by unanimous consent the Speaker shall not entertain a motion to that effect When the electric rollcall system is used no verification of the roll call vote is required
Electric rollcall Rule 201 In all rules providing for the taking of yeas and nays the electric rollcall system shall be used and shall have the force and effect of a rollcall taken as provided in these rules except the Speaker may order the Clerk to take a viva voce rollcall unless otherwise ordered by the
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323
House In the event the electric rollcall system is out of operating order the Speaker shall order a viva voce rollcall On all other questions or propositions the Speaker may in his discretion order a rollcall on the electric rollcall system or a viva voce roll call unless otherwise ordered by the House
When the House is ready to vote upon a question requiring a rollcall and the vote is to be by electric rollcall the Speaker shall state The question is on designating the matter to be voted upon All in favor of such question shall vote Aye and all opposed shall vote No The Speaker shall then unlock the voting machine
When sufficient time has elapsed for each member to vote the Speaker shall ask Have all members voted and after a short pause shall ask Does any member desire to change his vote before the machine is locked
The Speaker shall then lock the machine and state The Clerk will now take the vote After the machine is locked by the Speaker no member may change his vote and the votes of tardy members will not be recorded The Clerk shall count the votes and the Speaker shall then announce the results
Rule 202 Each member shall vote from his own seat when the yeas and nays are taken by the electric roll call and during such a vote no person shall be allowed upon the floor of the House except the members and attaches thereof
Rule 203 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both houses for the passage of an act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal
Ga Const art Ill sec VII par VI
Speakers use of viva voce call
Method for
electric
rollcall
No late votes
Vote from seat
Journal record of yeas and nays
324
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Consideration and veto
Overriding
Dividing appropriations
Rule 204 The yeas and nays on any question shall at the desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the Journal
Ga Const art Ill sec VII par V
Rule 205 Whenever on any question the yeas and nays shall have been ordered the Clerk shall also enter on the Journal the names of those members not voting
GOVERNORS ACTION
Rule 206 The Governor shall have the revision of all bills passed by the General Assembly before the same shall become laws but twothirds of each House may pass a law notwithstanding his veto and if any bills should not be returned by the Governor within five days Sundays excepted after it has been presented to him the same shall be a law unless the General Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return in which event the Governor shall have thirty days Sundays excepted from the date of adjournment in which to approve the same and if not approved within that time the same shall become a law He may approve any appropriation and veto any other appropriation in the same bill and the latter shall not be effectual until passed by twothirds of each House
Whenever such Bill has been vetoed by the Governor it shall be the duty of the Governor to transmit such Bill to the presiding officer of the Branch of the General Assembly in which it originated together with a list of reasons if any for such veto Such transmission shall be made within thirtyfive 35 days Sundays excepted from the date of the adjournment of the Session of the General Assembly at which such Bill was
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
passed Such Bill may be considered by the Branch of the General Assembly in which it originated at any time within the first ten 10 days of the next regular Session of the General Assembly for the purpose of overriding the action of the Governor In the event the action of the Governor is overridden by twothirds of the votes of such Branch of the General Assembly the same shall be immediately transmitted by the Secretary of or the Clerk of such Branch of the General Assembly to the other Branch of the General Assembly It shall be the duty of the presiding officer of such other Branch of the General Assembly upon receiving such Bill to dispense with all business that is then being considered and to then and there consider and act upon such Bill for the purpose of overriding the action of the Governor In the event the action of the Governor is overriding by twothirds of the votes of such Branch of the General Assembly such Bill shall become law In the event either Branch of the General Assembly should fail to override the Governors action on a Bill such Bill shall not again be presented to the General Assembly of Georgia for the purpose of overriding the action of the Governor In the event any bill is enacted into law pursuant to the terms of this paragraph the effective date of such bill shall be on the date that such bill was acted upon by the Branch of the General Assembly last acting upon such bill
Provided however that any bills that are vetoed by the Governor after the adjournment of the regular session of the General Assembly immediately preceding the general election in which the Governor is elected shall not be subject to be overridden by the next regular session of the General Assembly
Ga Const art V sec II par VI
326
Subject
matter
Not constitutional amendments
Signature
required
Exceptions
Appointment
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Rule 207 Every vote resolution or order to which the concurrence of both houses may be necessary except on a question of election or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor and before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be repassed by twothirds of each house provided however that nothing contained in this Article shall be construed to confer on the Governor the right to veto or enter his disapproval of any proposal made by the General Assembly to amend this Constitution or to provide for a new Constitution
Ga Const art V sec II par VII
Rule 208 No provision in this Constitution for a twothirds vote of both houses of the General Assembly shall be construed to waive the necessity for the signature of the Governor as in any other case except in the case of the twothirds vote required to override the veto to submit constitutional amendments and in case of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly
Ga Const art Ill sec VII par XI
COMMITTEE ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONING
Rule 209 The Speaker shall appoint the following standing committees
1 Agriculture and Consumer Affairs
2 Appropriations
3 Banks and Banking
4 Defense and Veterans Affairs
5 Education
6 Game Fish and Recreation
7 Health and Ecology
8 Highways
9 Human Relations and Aging
10 Industrial Relations
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
11 Industry
12 Insurance
13 Interstate Cooperation
14 Journals
15 Judiciary
16 Legislative and Congressional Reapportionment
17 Motor Vehicles
18 Natural Resources
19 Retirement
20 Rules
21 Special Judiciary
22 State Institutions and Property
23 State Planning and Community Affairs
24 State of Republic
25 Temperance
26 University System of Georgia
27 Ways and Means
No member of the House shall be appointed to or serve on less than two 2 or more than three
3 standing committees of the House with the exception of the Committee on Interstate Cooperation
The Speaker shall be an ex officio member of all standing committees of the House but shall have no vote as an ex officio member except on the Committee on Rules
The Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Committee on Appropriations shall be ex officio members of the Committee on Ways and Means and the Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Committee on Ways and Means shall be ex officio members of the Committee on Appropriations
The Speaker shall appoint a Chairman a Vice Chairman and a Secretary for all standing committees and for all subcommittees created by him The Majority Leader and the Minority Leader shall
Membership
limits
Ex officio members
Appointment of officers
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
328
be members of the Rules Committee Each such Leader must be certified as such by his Party Caucus Chairman to the Speaker of the House and to the Clerk of the House
Rule 210 After the announcement of the standing committees no other members shall be Vacancies placed thereon except that when members have
been elected to fill vacancies caused by death or otherwise the Speaker may assign said members to such committees as he may see fit and he may fill any vacancy in the offices of Chairman Vice Chairman or Secretary
Organization
Calling
meetings
Vice
Chairmans
power
Control of subcommittees
Minutes
Committee meetings open to public
Rule 211 Each committee or subcommittee shall first meet upon the call of the Chairman and perfect its organization After the organizational meeting each committee or subcommittee shall meet upon the call of its Chairman provided that the Vice Chairman may call a meeting of the committee or subcommittee if he obtains a certificate from the Speaker certifying that the Chairman is incapacitated or if he is directed in writing by the Chairman to so call the meeting to consider such measures as specified by the Chairman All subcommittees shall be subject to the will of their parent standing committees and the officers thereof No bill shall be reported to the House until it has been acted upon by the full standing committee and all actions of any subcommittee shall be approved or disapproved by the standing committee
The Secretary of each standing committee or subcommittee shall keep minutes of the meetings of the committee or subcommittee as directed by the Chairman These records shall be available to any member of the House and shall be matters of public record
Except as hereinafter provided all meetings of any committee or subcommittee of the House including interim committees shall be open to the
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public Provided however when a Conference Committee has been appointed and has begun meeting if two Senate members of the committee and two House members of the committee shall decide that the efficiency of the committee is being impeded or the committee is unable to make sound fiscal recommendations resulting from public meetings a report of this decision shall be made by the House conferees to the full House The full House shall then vote and if a majority of the members elected to the House vote to adopt said report the Conference Committee shall continue its deliberations in Executive Session The Conference Committee may establish rules for the conduct of its meetings not in conflict with the provisions of this rule By a majority vote of a quorum of the committee or subcommittee a meeting may be closed to the public when the committee or subcommittee is 1 discussing the future acquisition of real estate or 2 discussing the appointment employment disciplinary action or dismissal of a public officer or employee or 3 hearing complaints or charges brought against a public officer or employee unless the officer or employee requests that the meeting be open to the public
Rule 212 The Journals Committee shall before auditing the account of any member for expenses as a committeeman or any account prescribed by a member for any expense incurred in discharge of any duty as a member of this House require of such member an itemized statement of such account supported by proper vouchers for each item of said account
Rule 213 All officers and employees provided for in this and the preceding Chapter shall be paid for their services by the Fiscal Division of the
Expense account to Auditing Committee
Auditing Committee approval of accounts
330 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL Department of Administrative Services only upon the approval of their accounts by the Auditing Committee of the Senate and House of Representatives Ga Code Ann sec 47304
Speaker to certify accounts Rule 214 The compensation due to the officers and members of the General Assembly shall be certified by the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives respectively upon the report of the Auditing Committee to the State Treasurer who afterwards shall pay each member who shall present his account duly audited Ga Code Ann sec 47110
Joint committee on financing to examine State accounts Rule 215 It is part of the duty of the joint standing committee on finance to examine the accounts and vouchers of the Comptroller General and Fiscal Division of the Department of Administrative Services as to all moneys received into and paid out of the fiscal division during the last fiscal year to compare the warrants drawn during that period with the several laws by authority of which they purport to be drawn to examine into the other accounts and books of such officers to count the money on hand at the time of the examination and to examine the annual reports made by said officers to see if they are sustained by the true condition of their offices and report the result to each branch of the General Assembly Ga Code Ann sec 47601
No disparagement in nomination ELECTION AND INAUGURATION OF GOVERNOR Rule 216 In nominating candidates for any office no other candidate shall be disparaged
Viva voce vote Rule 217 All elections by the General Assembly shall be viva voce and the vote shall
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appear on the Journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of election they shall meet m the Representative Hall and the President oi the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare the results
Ga Const art Ill sec V par XIII
Rule 218 In all elections a majority of the members voting provided the total vote constitutes a quorum must make the choice
Rule 219 The returns for every election of Governor shall be sealed up by the managers separately from other returns and directed to the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives and transmitted to the Secretary of State who shall without opening said returns cause the same to be laid before the Senate on the day after the two houses shall have been organized and they shall be transmitted by the Senate to the House of Representatives
The members of each branch of the General Assembly shall convene in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives shall open and publish the returns in the presence and under the direction of the General Assembly and the person having the majority of the whole number of votes shall be declared duly elected Governor of this State but if no person shall have such majority then from the two persons having the highest number of votes who shall be in life and shall not decline an election at the time appointed for the General Assembly to elect the General Assembly shall immediately elect a Governor viva voce and in all cases of election of a Governor by the General Assembly a majority of the members present shall be necessary to a choice
Ga Const art V sec I pars Ill and IV
331
Journal entry
Meet in House
President
presides
Vote required
Actions on returns for Governors election
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Inauguration
First week
Oath
Rule 220 The General Assembly in joint session of the Senate and House of Representatives shall open and publish the returns of the election for Governor as provided by Article V of the Constitution of the State and shall determine all questions relating thereto including any contested election and any question as to the eligibility or qualifications of the person elected Governor and shall at the time provided by section 40103 inaugurate as Governor the person determined by the General Assembly to have been elected or the person elected by the General Assembly as provided by the Constitution
Ga Code Ann sec 401041
Rule 221 The Governor shall begin the discharge of his duties from the time of his inauguration The ceremony of inauguration shall take place during the first week of the session of the General Assembly next after the election and on such day of that week as the General Assembly by joint resolution shall appoint On failure of appointment it shall take place at 12 oclock meridian on Saturday of that week unless prevented by providential cause
Ga Code Ann sec 40103
Rule 222 The oath prescribed by the ninth Paragraph of the first section of the fifth Article of the Constitution of this State shall be taken by the Governorelect in the presence of the General Assembly in joint session of the Senate and House of Representatives Upon so taking the oath the Governorelect shall become Governor
Ga Code Ann sec 40104
Rule 223 The Governor shall before he enters on the duties of his office take the following oath
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or affirmation I do solemnly or affirm as the may e that I will faithfully execute the office of Governor of the State of Georgia and will to the best of my ability preserve protect and defend the Constitution thereof and the Constitution of the United States of America
Ga Const art V sec I par IX
Rule 224 The fact of such inauguration of the Governor shall be entered upon the journal of the House of Representatives and shall be conclusive evidence of his right and title to the office and of his eligibility and qualification
Ga Code Ann sec 401Q42
Rule 225 Contested elections shall be determined by both houses of the General Assembly in such manner as shall be prescribed by law
Ga Const art V sec I par V
CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS
Rule 226 A new Constitution or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed by the General Assembly or by a constitutional convention The proposal by the General Assembly to provide for a new Constitution or to amend this Constitution shall originate as a resolution in either the Senate or the House of Representatives and if approved by twothirds of the members elected to each branch of the General Assembly in a roll call vote such proposal shall be entered on the Journals of each branch with the Ayes and Nays taken thereon Any proposal to amend this Constitution or any proposal for a new Constitution may be amended or repealed by the same General Assembly which adopted such proposal by the affirmative vote of twothirds of the members
333
Journal entry
Con tested elections
Resolution
Vote
Journal entry
Repeal or amendment
334
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Approval
elected to each branch of the General Assembly in a roll call vote entered on their respective Journals if such action is taken at least two months prior to the date of the election at which such proposal is to be submitted
The Governor the Attorney General and the Secretary of State shall meet and determine whether a proposed amendment is general and if not general shall determine what political subdivision or subdivisions are directly affected by such proposed amendment If a proposed amendment is general it shall be published as provided by law in full once each week for three consecutive weeks immediately preceding the date of the election at which such proposed amendment is submitted in one newspaper of general circulation in each Congressional District of the State If such proposed amendment is not general it shall be published as provided by law in full once each week for three consecutive weeks immediately preceding the date of the election at which such proposed amendment is to be submitted in one newspaper of general circulation in each county in which the directly affected political subdivision or subdivisions are located In the event no such newspaper is located in such county a newspaper in an adjoining county shall be used A proposal for a new Constitution shall be published ift the same manner as proposed general amendments
Any proposed amendment which is general or a proposal for a new Constitution shall be submitted to the people of the entire State at the next general election which is held in the evennumbered years and if ratified by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment shall become a part of this Constitution or shall become the new Constitution as the case may be A pro
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posed amendment which is not general shall be submitted at the next general election which is held in the evennumbered years but shall only be submitted to the people of the political subdivision or subdivisions directly affected The votes of the electors in each political subdivision affected shall be counted separately in determining whether such proposed amendment is ratified and it must be ratified by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon in each such political subdivision before it shall become a part of the Constitution The General Assembly in the resolution shall state the language to be used in submitting the proposed amendment or proposal for a new Constitution When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately A proposal for one or more changes within a single Article may be submitted as a single amendment A proposal for one or more changes within a single Article and a related change or related changes in one or more other Articles may be submitted as a single amendment A proposal for a new Article may be submitted as a single amendment A proposal for a new Article and a related change or related changes in one or more other Articles may be submitted as a single amendment
Ga Const art XII sec I par I
Rule 227 No convention of the people shall be called by the General Assembly to revise amend or change this Constitution unless by the concurrence of twothirds of all members of each house of the General Assembly The representation in said convention shall be based on population as near as practicable This Constitution shall not be revised amended or changed by the Convention until the proposed revision amendment or change has been submitted and ratified by the people in the manner provided for Sub
Language of proposal
Separate
proposals
Convention
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No veto mission and ratification of amendments proposed by the General Assembly Ga Const art XII sec I par II Rule 228 The Governor shall not have the right to veto any proposal by the General Assembly to provide a new Constitution or to amend this Constitution Ga Const art XII sec I par Ill
Appropriations required APPROPRIATIONS CLAIMS AND FINANCE Rule 229 No money shall be drawn from the Treasury except by appropriation made by law Ga Const art Ill sec X par I
Origination in House Rule 230 All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills Ga Const art Ill sec VII par VIII
Resolutions treated the same Rule 231 All resolutions which may appropriate money out of any fund shall be treated in all respects in the manner of introduction and procedure as bills they shall originate in the House of Representatives and shall receive three readings previous to their passage but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in case of bills Ga Code Ann sec 47503
Rule 232 Within seven days after the convening of the General Assembly the Governor shall submit to the General Assembly in printed
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form a budget covering the ensuing two fiscal years The budget shall contain a complete plan of proposed expenditures and actual revenues and expenditures for each of the particular fiscal years to which it relates If the proposed expenditures for either fiscal year shall exceed the estimated revenues therefor the Governor shall recommend the sources from which the additional revenues shall be provided The Governor shall submit to each House of the General Assembly at the same time he submits his budget 1 printed copies of a budget message containing any explanation or comments he may desire to make as to the important features of the budget and 2 printed copies of a tentative bill for all appropriations under the budget clearly and properly classified for each fiscal year in the ensuing biennial period The presiding office of the House of Representatives shall cause said bill to be promptly introduced therein and such bill shall be known as the budget bill Before final action thereon by the General Assembly the Governor may amend or supplement the budget to correct an oversight or in case of an emergency with the consent of the General Assembly by delivering such an amendment or supplement to the presiding officer of each House The appropriation for each department officer bureau board commission agency or institution receiving and expending State moneys may be by lump sum in which shall be distinguished for each fiscal year the amount appropriated to be expended for maintenance and operation and the amount appropriated to be expended for capital improvements andor fixed charges
Ga Code Ann sec 40403
Rule 233 The General Appropriation bill shall embrace nothing except appropriations fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the Executive Legislative and Judicial Departments of the Government payment of the public debt and
Budget
Introduction
through
Speaker
Separation of classes of expenditures
Contents of General Appropriation BUI
338
Required itemization of past
appropriations
Specific sum not fund
Motor fuel taxes to highways
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interest thereon and for support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appropriations shall be made by separate bills each embracing but one subject
Ga Const art Ill sec X par IV
Rule 234 All general appropriation bills in addition to the customary itemized statements of the amounts appropriated for the usual expenses of the executive legislative and judicial departments of the Government and for the support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State shall contain also a like itemized statement of all amounts appropriated by any previous law to be paid annually out of the treasury and such amounts so appropriated by previous laws shall not be paid from the treasury unless they are embraced in the general appropriation Act
Ga Code Ann sec 47502
Rule 235 a Except as hereinafter provided the appropriation for each department officer bureau board commission agency or institution for which appropriation is made shall be for a specific sum of money and no appropriation shall allocate to any object the proceeds of any particular tax or fund or a part or percentage thereof
b An amount equal to all money derived from motor fuel taxes received by the State in each of the immediately preceding fiscal years less the amount of refunds rebates and collection costs authorized by law is hereby appropriated for the fiscal year beginning July 1 of each year following for all activities incident to providing and maintaining an adequate system of public roads and bridges in this State as authorized by laws enacted by the General Assembly of Georgia and for grants to counties by law authorizing road construction and maintenance as provided by law authorizing such grants Said sum is hereby ap
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propriated for and shall be available for the aforesaid purposes regardless of whether the General Assembly enacts a General Appropriations Act and said sum need not be specifically stated in any General Appropriations Act passed by the General Assembly in order to be available for such purposes However this shall not preclude the General Assembly from appropriating for such purposes an amount greater than the sum specified above for such purposes The expenditure of such funds shall be subject to all the rules regulations and restrictions imposed on the expenditure of appropriations by provisions of the Constitution and laws of this State unless such provisions are in conflict with the provisions of this paragraph And provided however that the proceeds of the tax hereby appropriated shall not be subject to budgetary reduction In the event of invasion of this State by land sea or air or in case of a major catastrophe so proclaimed by the Governor said funds may be utilized for defense or relief purposes on the Executive Order of the Governor
Ga Const art Ill sec X par VII
Rule 236 To the end that all expenses of the State may be brought within the budget the budget appropriations bill shall also contain a specific sum as a contingent or emergency appropriation The manner of the allocation of such contingent or emergency appropriation shall be as follows Any department commission board institution or other agency of the State desiring an allotment out of such emergency appropriation shall upon forms prescribed by him present such request in writing to the Director of the Budget with such information as he may require and the Director may allow or disallow the request in his discretion
Emergency
Contingent
appropriatimi
Ga Code Ann sec 40408
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Budget Bill first Rule 237 Neither House shall consider other appropriation bills until the budget bill shall have been finally adopted by both Houses and approved by the Governor and no such other appropnation bills shall be valid except in accordance with the following provisions
Supplemental appropriations 1 Every such appropriation bill shall be embodied in a separate bill limited to some single work object or purpose therein stated and called herein a supplementary appropriation bill 2 No supplementary appropriation shall be available unless and until the revenue necessary to pay such appropriation shall have been provided by a tax laid and collected for such purpose unless it shall appear from such budget that there is sufficient revenue available and any unused portion of any such supplemental appropriation shall be paid into the general treasury Ga Code Ann sec 40406 Rule 238 In addition to the appropriations made by the General Appropriation Act and amendments thereto the General Assembly may make additional appropriations by Acts which shall be known as supplementary appropriation Acts provided no such supplementary appropriation shall be available unless there is an unappropriated surplus in the State Treasury or the revenue necessary to pay such appropriation shall have been provided by a tax laid for such purpose and collected into the General Fund of the State Treasury Neither House shall pass a Supplementary Appropriation Bill until the General Appropriation Act shall have been finally adopted by both Houses and approved by the Governor Ga Const art Ill sec X par VI
Rule 239 The clerk of the House of Represen
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tatives shall provide out of the contingent fund of the House of Representatives a wellbound book which he shall deliver to the chairman of the appropriations committee of the House as soon as such chairman shall be appointed and said chairmen shall enter or cause to be entered in such book in the order of their introduction all bills seeking directly or indirectly to obtain appropriations from the State treasury with a brief statement of the contents of such bill together with the number thereof the name of the introducer and any other facts developed before the committee that will throw any light on the nature of the legislation proposed by the bill After the adjournment of the General Assembly said chairman shall deposit said book with the Secretary of State who shall deliver the same to each successive chairman of said committee as soon as he shall have been appointed
Ga Code Ann sec 47501
Rule 240 All proceedings touching the appropriating of money shall be considered in the Committee of the Whole House
Rule 241 The Governor and such representatives of the departments officers commissions agencies and institutions expending or applying for State moneys as have been designated by the Governor for this purpose shall have the right and when requested by the General Assembly it shall be their duty to appear and be heard with respect to any budget bill during the consideration thereof and to answer inquiries relative thereto
Ga Code Ann sec 40405
Rule 242 The General Assembly may amend the budget bill in any way it may deem desirable provided such amendments do not create a deficit
Ga Code Ann sec 40404
Appropriation book for chairman of Appropriations Committee
Safekeeping by Secretary of State
Consideration by Committee of the Whole
Hearings
Amendment
342
Recording of yeas and nays
Action on claims
Clerks duty
Notice of hearing
Hearing
Findings
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Rule 243 No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in each house are recorded
Ga Const art Ill sec X par II
Rule 244 Whenever there shall be regularly introduced in either branch of the General Assembly by a member thereof a resolution or bill seeking compensation or reimbursement from the State of Georgia or any of its departments or agencies for any person who has been injured or damaged from whatsoever cause alleged and claimed the clerk of the House of Representatives or the secretary of the Senate as the case may be shall forthwith transmit a certified copy of such resolution or bill to the chairman of the State Highway Board director of the Department of Public Health and Secretary of State Immediately after such resolution or bill has been received the chairman of the State Highway Board director of Public Health and Secretary of State shall sot a date for a hearing which shall be held as soon as practicable and shall notify the member of the General Assembly who introduced the resolution or bill the person for whose benefit the same was introduced the Attorney General and such other persons as the said board deems necessary including such persons as the said members of the General Assembly shall request in writing to the board to be so notified the time and place of such hearing
Ga Code Ann sec 47504
Rule 245 The chairman of the State Highway Board director of the Department of Public Health and Secretary of State shall hear the sworn evidence concerning the matter at issue and shall prepare a statement of the findings of the relevant and material facts presented to said board together with their determination of the merits of the matter and their recommendation
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as to the payment of the compensation or reimbursement being sought This statement of the findings of the facts determination and recommendations shall be immediately transmitted to the chairman of the committee of the House of Representatives or Senate as the case may be to which the resolution or bill was referred for consideration
Ga Code Ann sec 47505
Rule 246 The chairman of the committee to which such resolution or bill was referred upon introduction when receiving the findings determination and recommendation of the chairman of the State Highway Board director of the Department of Public Health and Secretary of State shall immediately call a meeting of such committee which committee shall read and study the findings determination and recommendation of said board and shall then decide whether or not to recommend to the House of Representatives or Senate as the case may be that said resolution or bill shall or shall not pass Thereafter such resolution or bill shall take the usual course of procedure as any other resolution or bill as provided by law and the rules of the House of Representatives or Senate as the case may be
Ga Code Ann sec 47506
Rule 247 The findings of facts determination and recommendation of the chairman of the State Highway Board director of the Department of Public Health and Secretary of State relative to the matter shall not be considered in any way as binding on the committee to which said resolution or bill was referred for consideration or upon the members of the House of Representatives or Senate but shall be treated as advisory only
Ga Code Ann sec 47507
Report to committee
Committee
consideration
required
Report to House
Finding advisory only
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Specified
borrowing
purpose
Control if rules do not cover
Rules variations to rules committee
Suspension by
unanimous
consent
Required
report
Contest
Rule 248 All laws authorizing the borrowing of money by or on behalf of the State shall specify the purpose for which the money is to be used and the money so obtained shall be used for the purpose specified and for no other
Ga Const art VII sec Ill par Ill RULES
Rule 249 When any question arises which is not provided for in the foregoing Rules the same shall be controlled by the rules usually governing parliamentary bodies
Rule 250 No suspension of or change in or addition to these rules shall be made unless such proposed change or addition or suspension be first referred in writing to the Committee on Rules and reported back to the House Provided that the rules may be suspended by unanimous consent of the House without referral to the Committee on Rules Immediately after the confirmation of the Journal on the day following the introduction in the House of the proposed suspension of change in or addition to these rules the Committee on Rules shall report the same back to the House A failure to so report such proposed suspension change or addition within two days shall automatically bring said proposed suspension change or addition before the House for consideration
Rule 251 Contests
a In case a contest is filed to the seating of any person elected as a member of this Body the oath of office shall not be administered to such person nor shall he be recognized as a member of this Body until the House has resolved said contest A contest will be received by the Clerk and reported to the Body when it convenes
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b In case of an election to fill a vacancy if this Body is not in session the oath of office shall not be administered to the person elected nor shall such person be recognized as a member of this Body for a period of ten days after the certification of his election to the Clerk of the House If during said ten day period a contest is filed to the seating of such person the Clerk of the House shall report the same to the Speaker who shall refer the same to the standing Rules Committee of the House Said committee shall convene as soon as practicable and after notifying the person whose seating is contested shall proceed to resolve said contest and file its action with the Clerk The action of the committee shall be considered the action of the House until it next convenes at which time it shall affirm or reverse the committee or take such other action thereon as it sees fit
c In all contests the person whose seat is contested shall have notice and opportunity to be heard the right of counsel and the right to compulsory process for the production of evidence in his behalf
d Contests will only be received or recognized by the Clerk when filed by a person duly certified as having been elected to this House or by a person who was a candidate for such contested seat in the election held to fill the same provided however no person may file a contest to more than one seat
RULES FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY WHEN IN JOINT SESSION
1 The Senate and House of Representatives shall meet in joint session in the Hall of the House of Representatives as soon as possible after the
Immediate election meeting in House
346
Time of meetings
Elections in House
President
presides
Method of meeting
Presidents
powers
Succession
Speakers
seat
Quorum
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start of the session at such time as may be fixed by joint resolution of both houses for the purpose of electing such officers of the State as are now or may hereafter be required to be elected by the General Assembly Said joint session shall continue in morning and afternoon sessions from day to day until all of said officers are elected
2 The time of the meeting of the two houses in joint session shall be determined otherwise by concurrent resolution of the Senate and House of Representatives except where provided by law
When the Senate and the House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall preside and declare the result
3 At the hour determined by the concurrent resolution the Senate shall repair to the Hall of the House of Representatives
4 The President of the Senate shall preside and announce that the General Assembly is in joint session and cause to be read the resolution convening the same He shall put all questions to the body and decide all questions of order An appeal may be taken from any of his decisions to the whole General Assembly
In the absence of the President of the Senate the Speaker of the House shall preside in the absence of both the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House the President pro tempore of the Senate shall preside in absence of the three last named the Speaker pro tempore of the House shall preside
5 The Speaker of the House shall sit on the left of the President of the Senate
6 A majority of each house shall be necessary to constitute a quorum of the joint session
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7 When there is a meeting of both branches of the General Assembly in one chamber said secretary and clerk shall be present and join in the discharge of the duties required and shall enter the proceedings on the journals of each House
Ga Code Ann sec 47205
8 The secretary of the Senate and the clerk of the House of Representatives shall within 10 days after the adjournment of each session file in proper order all the papers and documents of their respective Houses
Ga Code Ann sec 47206
9 The records papers and documents thus filed shall be delivered to the Secretary of State who upon receipt of the same shall certify that such secretary and clerk have respectively complied with said requisition and the Fiscal Division of the Department of Administrative Services shall not pay their respective salaries until such certificate shall be produced
Ga Code Ann sec 47207
10 After a person is nominated for any office in joint session of the General Assembly it shall not be in order to second such nomination When the nomination is declared closed the President shall forthwith order the rollcall and each member when called shall rise in his seat and respond promptly announcing distinctly his choice for such office
11 No debate shall be in order except as to questions of order
12 The election in joint session shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the Journal of the House of Representatives The votes are to be taken for but one election at one time and a majority of the whole number of votes cast is necessary for a choice
Duty of clerk
Journal
Filing papers
Delivery of papers to Secretary of State
No second of nomination
Vote
Debate
Viva voce vote on Journal
One election at a time
348
Change of vote
Dissolution
Not during rollcall
Renewal
Amendment of rules
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13 In the elections by the General Assembly no member after having voted shall be allowed to change his vote unless he rises and states in his place that he voted by mistake or that his vote had been recorded by mistake
14 No motion to adjourn shall be in order In lieu thereof there shall be the motion to dissolve the joint session which shall be in the form That the joint session of the General Assembly be now dissolved or That the joint session of the General Assembly be now dissolved to be reconvened at a time named The latter motion shall have precedence over the former
15 The motion to dissolve the joint session either indefinitely or until a fixed time shall always be in order except that after the rollcall has commenced it shall not be in order until after the result of said vote shall have been declared by the President of the Senate
16 When a motion to dissolve the joint session shall be decided in the negative the same shall not again be in order until other business shall have intervened
17 When a motion to dissolve the joint session either indefinitely or to a fixed time shall be decided in the affirmative the President of the Senate shall so declare and the Senate shall without further motion immediately repair to the Senate Chamber
18 These rules may be amended by the concurrent resolution of the two houses and they or any of them shall cease to be in force when either house shall notify the other house of the withdrawal of its consent to the same
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APPENDIX
SPECIAL PROCEEDINGS
Al Appointment
Ga Const art Ill sec II par I The Senate shall consist of not more than fiftyfour members and there shall be not more tV3 5tyfour Senatorial Districts with one Senator from each District as now constituted or as hereafter created The various Senatorial Districts shall he comprised of the Counties as now provided and the General Assembly shall have authority to create rearrange and change these Districts within the limitations herein stated
Ga Const art Ill sec Ill par I The House of Representatives shall consist of representatives apportioned among the several counties of the State as follows To the eight counties having the largest population three representatives each to the thirty counties having the next largest population two representatives each and to the remaining counties one representative each
Const art Ill sec Ill par II The above apportionment shall be changed by the General Assembly at its first session after each census taken by the United States Government in accordance with the provisions of Paragraph I of Section III of this Article
A2 Appointments to Keep Ordei1 and for Other Special Purposes
Ga Code Ann sec 47112 When it shall be necessary to carry into effect Section VII of Article III of the Constitution 21901 punishment for misconduct 21902 punishment for contempt or for any Kke purpose either the President of the Senate or the Speaker of the House of Representatives may appoint any person to execute the orders of the House over which he presides and the warrant of the presiding officer which appointee may receive for the service such compensation as the General Assembly may appropriate Parenthetical material above added
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A3 Confirmation of Appointments
The Georgia Constitution provides for the confirmation by the Senate of the Governors appointment of several State boards See Ga Const artV sec I par XI State Board of Pardons and Paroles art V sec IV par I State Game and Fish Commission art V sec V par I Board of Corrections art V sec VI par I State Department of Veterans Service and Veterans Service Board art VIII sec II par I State Board of Education art VIII sec V par I Board of Regents of the University System and art XIV sec I par I State Personnel Board The Georgia statutes provide for some additional confirmations
Ga Const art V sec I par XIV A person once rejected by the Senate shall not be reappointed by the Governor to the same office during the same session or the recess thereafter
A4 County Consolidation
Ga Const art XI sec I par IV The General Assembly shall have power with the concurrence of twothirds of the qualified voters of each of the counties to be affected who participate in elections held for that purpose to provide for the consolidation of two or more counties into one or the merger of one or more counties into another or the division of a county and the merger of portions thereof into other counties
A5 County Site Change
Ga Const art XI sec I par IX No county site shall be changed or removed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the county voting at an election held for that purpose and by a majority vote of the General Assembly
A6 Election of Presidential ElectorsSee Ga Code Ann sec 342503
A7 Election of State Auditor
Ga Code Ann sec 401801 The Department of Audits and
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Accounts is hereby created and established the head of said Department shall be an experienced auditor and accountant with not less than five years experience as an accountant in the State Department of Audits and Accounts or in a governmental agency of a similar nature or shall be a duly certified public accountant with at least five years practical experience in the duties for which he is certified and who when named or elected as hereafter prescribed and qualified shall be known and designated as State Auditor
The State Auditor shall be elected by the General Assembly in the following manner A joint resolution which shall fix a definite time for the nomination and election of the State Auditor may be introduced in either branch of the General Assembly Upon passage of said resolution by a majority vote of the membership of the Senate and House of Representatives it shall be the duty of the Speaker of the House of Representatives to call for the nomination and election of the State Auditor at the time specified in the resolution at which time the name of the qualified person receiving a majority vote of the membership of the House of Representatives shall be transmitted to the State Senate for confirmation Upon the qualified person receiving a majority vote of the membership of the Senate he shall be declared the duly elected State Auditor and the Governor of the State of Georgia shall be notified of his election by the Secretary of the Senate The Governor is directed to administer the oath of office to the State Auditor and to furnish the State Auditor with a properly executed commission of office certifying his electiqn
The term of office of the State Auditor shall continue until a successor is elected as provided herein In the event of a vacancy in the position of State Auditor at a time when the General Assembly is not in session it shall be the duty of the Governor of the State of Georgia and he is hereby empowered and directed to appoint a State Auditor possessing the qualifications as provided herein who shall serve as such State Auditor until the next regular session of the General Assembly at which time the nomination and election of a State Auditor shall be held by the General Assembly as provided herein
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LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
A8 Extraordinary Sessions
Ga Const art V sec I par XII The Governor shall issue writs of election to fill all vacancies that may happen in the Senate and the House of Representatives and shall give the General Assembly from time to time information of the State of the Commonwealth and recommend to theiT consideration such measures as he may deem necessary or expedient The Governor shall have power to convoke the General Assembly on extraordinary occasions but no law shall be enacted at called sessions of the General Assembly except such as shall relate to the object stated in his proclamation convening them Providing that such called sessions of the General Assembly shall not exceed 70 days in length unless at the expiration of said period there shall be pending an impeachment trial of some officer of the State Government in which event the General Assembly will be authorized to remain in session until such trial shall have been completed
Provided however that when threefifths of the members elected to the House of Representatives and threefifths of the members elected to the Senate shall have certified to the Governor of the State of Georgia that in their opinion an emergency exists in the affairs of the State of Georgia it shall thereupon be the duty of said Governor and mandatory upon him within five days from the receipt of such certificate or certificates to convene said General Assembly in extraordinary session for all purposes and in the event said Governor shall within said time Sundays excluded fail or refuse to convene said General Assembly as aforesaid then and in that evnt said General Assembly may convene itself in extraordinary session as if convened in regular session for all purposes provided that such extraordinary self convened session shall be limited to a period of 30 days unless at the expiration of said period there shall be pending an impeachment trial of some officer of the State Government in which event the General Assembly shall be authorized to remain in session until such trial shall have been completed
The members of the General Assembly shall receive the same per diem and mileage during such extraordinary session as is now or may be hereinafter provided
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
353
Ga Code Ann sec 47116 If any officer or officers of either branch of the Assembly shall fail or refuse to perform any of his duties in completing the organization of such emergency session his office may upon the majority vote of the membership of either branch be declared vacant as often as may be necessary and his successor elected as provided by the rules of the General Assembly
See also Ga Code Ann secs 47113 47114 47115 and 47117
A9 ImpeachmentSee Ga Const art Ill sec V pars Ill IV and V art Ill sec VI par III
A10 Investigation of State Offices
Ga Code Ann sec 401620 In addition to the power conferred upon the Attorney General in this law 401612 to 401620 the Governor or the General Assembly is authorized likewise to make investigations including investigation of the State Department of Law or the offices of the Attorney General or any agency under his control and all authority and rights granted to the Governor and the General Assembly shall be as complete and absolute as those granted hereunder to the Attorney General In any civil or criminal action against the Attorney General the Governor shall designate a solicitor general who shall be empowered in such case to act for the State
All Public Service Commission Agreements Confirmation ofSee Ga Code Ann secs 681003 through 681007
A12 State Officers Suspension and Discharge of
Ga Const art V sec I par XVII The General Assembly shall have authority to provide by law for the suspension of any Constitutional officer or department head from the discharge of the duties of his office and also for the appointment of a suitable person to discharge the duties of the same
354
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Ga Code Ann sec 47701 The General Assembly may suspend from the functions and duties of office either the State Treasurer or the Comptroller General by joint resolution duly adopted after being read one time in each House on different days and by a twothirds vote of members voting on the same whenever the interests of the State or the proper administration of the law demand such suspension
A13 Street Passenger Railways
Ga Const art Ill sec VII par XXV The General Assembly shall not authorize the construction of any street passenger railway within the limits of any incorporate town or city without the consent of the Corporate Authorities
A14 Supreme Court Rules Approval ofSee Ga Code Ann secs 811502 and 811503
A15 Treason PardonSee Ga Const art V sec I par XI and Ga Code Ann sec 272701
A16 Specif and Local Legislation
Ga Const art I sec IV par I Laws of a general nature shall have uniform operation throughout the State and no special laws shall be enacted in any case for which provision has been made by an existing general law No general law affecting private rights shall be varied in any particular case by special legislation except with the free consent in writing of all persons to be affected thereby and no person under legal disability to contract is capable of such consent
A17 Legislators as State Officers
Ga Const art I sec I par XXIII The legislative judicial and executive powers shall forever remain separate and distinct and no person discharging the duties of one shall at the same time exercise the functions of either of the others except as herein provided
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
355
Ga Const art Ill sec IV par VI No person holding a military commission or other appointment or office having any emolument or compensation annexed thereto under this State or the United States or either of them except Justices of the Peace and officers of the militia nor any defaulter for public money or for any legal taxes required of him shall have a seat in either house nor shall any Senator or Representative after his qualification as such be elected by the General Assembly or appointed by the Governor either with or without the advice and consent of the Senate to any office or appointment having any emolument annexed thereto during the time for which he shall have been elected unless he shall first resign his seat provided however that during the term for which he was elected no Senator or Representative shall be appointed to any civil office which has been created during such term
Ga Code Ann sec 265009 To the end that the mandate of the Constitution contained in Article I Section I Paragraph XXIII 2123 to the effect that the legislative judiciary and executive powers shall forever remain separate and distinct and no person discharging the duties of one shall at the same time exercise the functions of either of the others be more adequately enforced it shall be unlawful for a members of the General Assembly to accept or hold office or employment in the executive branch of the government of the State of Georgia or any agency thereof or in the judicial branch of government b judges of courts of record or their clerks and assistants to accept or hold office or employment in the executive branch of the government of the State of Georgia or any agency thereof or in the legislative branch of government c officers or employees of the executive branch of government to accept or hold office or employment in the legislative or judicial branches of government Any person who knowingly disburses or receives any compensation or money in violation of this section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor Provided however that nothing within this section shall be construed to apply to any officer or employee of the executive branch who has taken a leave of absence without pay from his post for temporary service as an employee of the legislative branch while it is in session and during the authorized stay over period
356
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Ga Code Ann sec 581075 No member of the General Assembly shall be eligible for employment under any office or job created by this Chapter Liquor Act during the term of office for which he is elected and this provision shall apply to legislators elected in the future as well as those now elected Parenthetical phrase added
Ga Code Ann sec 928404 No member of the General Assembly shall be eligible to be appointed to the position of Revenue Commissioner nor to any other position in the Department of Revenue until the term of office as such member of the General Assembly has expired and no person other than a bona fide resident of the State for more than 10 years shall ever be eligible to appointment as State Revenue Commissioner nor shall any person be appointed to the office of Commissioner of Revenue who has held any elective office during a period of 12 months prior to his appointment Provided however the phrase any elective office as herein used shall not include members of the General Assembly
Ga Const art V sec I par VII In case of the death resignation or disability of both the Governor and the Lieutenant Governor the Speaker of the House of Representatives shall exercise the executive power until the removal of the disability or the election and qualification of a Governor at a special election which shall be held within sixty days from the date on which the Speaker of the House of Representatives shall assume the executive power
A18 Membership of Legislators on State Boards and Commissions
Legislator
Members
Board or Relevant Statutory
Commission Provisions
Lieutenant Governor and The Governors Com Ga Laws 1959 p 5
Speaker and Chairman of the mission on ConstitutionJudicial Council al Government
President Speaker President Finance Commission Pro Tern Speaker Pro Tem
Chairman of Appropriations Committees of Senate and House Chairman of Senate
Ga Code Ann sec 40411 as amended by Ga Laws 1960
p 188
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
357
Legislator Board or
Members Commission
Banking and Finance Committee Chairman of House Ways and Means Committee member of Senate and member of House appointed by President and Speaker respectively
Legislator member of Com Atlantic States Marine mission on Interstate Coopra Fisheries Commission tion designated by this Commission
Senator and Representative Advisory Committee for designated by the Georgia Com Southeastern Interstate mission on Interstate Coopra Forest Fire Protection tion Compact
President Speaker Secretary Legislative Services Clerk Chairmen of Senate and Committee House Appropriations Committees Chairmen of Senate and House Judiciary Committees Chairman of Senate Committee on Banking and Finance and Chairman of House Ways and Means Committee
President Speaker and mem Georgia Commission on bers of Senate and House Com Interstate Cooperation mittees on Interstate Cooperation
Members of Senate and House Senate Council and Committees on Interstate Co House Council of the operation American Legislators
Association
Chairmen of Judiciary Com Judicial Council mittees of the Senate and House
Lieutenant Governor and Western and Atlantic Speaker Railroad Commission
Chairmen of Agriculture Com Advisory Board to the mittees of Senate and House Georgia Seed Developor some person designated by ment Commission them
Relevant Statutory Provisions
Ga Code Ann sec 45124
Ga Code Ann sec 43912
Ga Code Ann sec 471201
G a Code Ann sec 471104
Ga Code Ann sec 471105
Ga Code Ann sec 811601
Ga Code Ann sec 92205
Ga Code Ann sec 52704
358
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Legislator Board or
Members Commission
Chairman of House Ways and Board of Compromises Means Committee and Chair and Settlements of Tax man of Senate Banking and Fi Assessments nance Committee
Two Senators and three Repre Tobacco Advisory sentatives involved in tobacco Board production appointed by President and Speaker respectively
Relevant Statutory Provisions
Ga Code Ann sec 9284111
Ga Laws 1960 p 218
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 359
INDEX TO RULES OF THE Georgia House of Representatives
References to A are to the Appendix and references to J are to the Rules for the Government of the General Assembly When in Joint Session
ABSENTEES
Arrest subject to when
Attendance compelled by less than quoru
Authorized by House
Journal entry
List by clerk
Quorum required
ADJOURN MOTION TO
Amendment if to particular time
Committee of the Whore not in order in
Debate if to particular time
Effect i
Joint session not in order in
Precedence of motion
Previous question once after
Renewal after further business
Time for
ADJOURNMENT
Business carried over how Committee of the Whole at regular hour in Effect when hour of arrives during vote by yeas 87 146154 85
Governors power in regard to Main question effect on 86 85 86
87
Previous question effect on Seats retained until Speaker leaves 180 66
Rule No 55
5455
55 57 57
56
8283 146
8283 84 J 14 75 180 82
80 81
360
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Rule No
Time of fixed by House 48
Veto procedure as effected by Lt 206
Vote total required 54
ADVERSE REPORT
Debate on final passage 181
Effect of on bills and resolutions 138
AMENDMENT
Amendments to cannot be further amended 159174
Blanks must be filled before 164
Committee of the Whole by action on 156157
Committee of the Whole by what reported to
House 156
Committee amendments first considered 168
Committee offered by read without motion 171
Committee report amendment not in order after
agreed to unless reconsidered 169
Committee report form 136
Constitutional See CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT
Engrossment prevents 133
Form of 127
Form of motion 161
Germane must be 161163172
Indefinite postponement prohibited 96
Irrelevant out of order WH 162
Methods of 159
Motion to adjourn amendable if to particular time 82 83
Motion to commit amendable 109
Motion to postpone indefinitely not amendable 97
Motion to postpone to time definite amendable 102
Motion to table or take from table
not amendable 92
Perfecting bill before substitute 165
Precedence of motion to amend 75
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 361
Rule No
Previous question on 177
Printed and distributed when 130
Priority of amendments M167168
Priority of on passage of bill i 168
Priority of over motion to agree or disagree to Senate action 173
Priority of questions on Senate amendments
to House bill 172
Reading Clerks in amending by striking
out and inserting SfSWl 170
Reconsidered when 111
Sections bill read by 171
Senate action on may be reconsidered
immediately 111
Senate amendments House amendments to
not further amendable 174
Senate amendments to House bill House
action in order 172173174175
Senate vote required to adopt 175
Speakers power to rule out 162172
Striking by perfecting part proposed
to be stricken WJhalftaUteSI 166
Substitute and bill vote on 165
Substitute as 160
Tabling not in order 91
Time for 169
Vote required 175
AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTIONSee CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS
APPEALS
Addressing House directly I 73
Debate on prohibited when of personal
character 72 73
Speakers action on 1I 7073
Speakers decision from 5870
Time for 71
Transgressions of rules from 58
362
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
APPLAUSE Rule No
Suppression 69
APPORTIONMENT
Change A 1
Number of members A 1
Representation A 1
APPROPRIATIONS
Budget 232
Committee Chairmans duties 239
Committee of the Whole consideration
required 142 240
Committee report on required 140
General Bill amendment 242
General Bill contents 232 233 234235236
General Bill precedence on third reading 131
General Bill procedure 232
Governors power over 206
Hearing 241
Highways 235
Origination in House jV230 231
Record 239
Recorded yea and nay vote required 243
Required I l 229
Resolutions treated as bills 231
Supplemental bills 233237238
Yeas and nays required 243
ARREST
Disorder for 32
Freedom from 64
Members to secure quorum 55 56
ASSISTANTS
Appointment by Clerk 14 16
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 363
Rule No
Approval of special clerks by enrolling
committee 16
Compensation 1519 20 213 214
Oath v 1012
Officers position as 5
Removal of special clerks by enrolling
committee iJ1 16
Substitution prohibited 1820
Vacancies 19
ATTENDANCE
Compelling 55 56
Messengers dutyr 55
Speakers duty 55
AUDITINGSee COMMITTEE ON JOURNALS
BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Called how t131
Caption 125
Committee of the Whole failure to resolve
to consider 142
Form 125
Indorsement of 125
Introducer allowed twenty minutes for debate after ordering of previous question if adverse
committee report 181
Order procedure for taking out of 3538
Passage delayed until printed and distributed 130
Publication of laws required 121
Rejected when again considered 120
Subjectmatter only one and expressed
in title 6sPP8tuSQii 126
Suspend action on when 130
Title subjectmatter of must be
expressed in 126
Withdrawal of when 115
Writing must be in gt 125
364 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
BLANKS Rule No
Filling required before motion to amend is in order 164
BOND
Clerks 13
BOOKS
Appropriation 239
Care for duty of Clerk IptMAiL 14 52
CALENDAR
Arranged by Rules Committee during last twenty
one days of session 37
Calling order fixed by 131
Change of Rules Committees Calendar 37
Committee report disagreement with 138
Numbering bills and resolutions v 131
Reading of Rules Committees Calendar 37
Reconsideration effect on bills rf 113
Tabling taking from restores to 95
CALL OF HOUSESee ROLL CALL
CAPTION
Indorsement on bill 121
CLAIM
Procedure 244 245 246 247
CLERK
Absentee list keeps for Journal rgyk 56 57
Amendments printing 130
Amendments reading m 170171
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
365
Rule No
123
131
130
171
116
14
Amendments Report to Senate on Speakers action declaring Senate amendment
not germane 172
Assistants appointment and fixing pay of 1516181920
Bills and resolutions calling 131
Bills and resolutions engrossment 132
Bills and resolutions files copy in
Speakers Office Vv Joo
Bills and resolutions filing with when
Bills and resolutions numbers
Bills and resolutions printing and distribution
Bills and resolutions reading by sections
Bills and resolutions transmittal
Bond I
Books care of rw
Budget books furnishes 239
Claims certification of 244
Committee of the Whole bills and
resolutions reading in r 145
Committee of the Whole duties in 145149
Committee reports printing if ordered 197
Division counts 1
Election 9
Identification card attestation 23
Joint session duties inJ 7 J 8 J 9
Journal entry 57205
Journal reading 36
Motion reading 76189
Oath of prescribed 191112
Officer is Papers care of
Papers superintends distribution by Messenger Pay
59
14 21
15
30
Protests entry on Journal 4
Questions reading 19
Rollcall calling56190201
Rollcall vote explanation of filing 198
Presides in absence of Speaker and Speaker Pro Tem
366
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Rule No
Rules Committees Calendar reads 37
Signature when required 119
State Boards membership on A 18
Term of office X Tafrixil bng izfataSSioqqR intd gt n
Words excepted to written and read by aohalman bna 60
Yeas and nays call iSMMSim 81193
Yeas and nays reading names a 193
CODE SECTIONS
Amendments or repeal of requirements 127
COMMITMENT
Amended how Lli 109
Committee of the Whole not in order in 146
Committee of the Whole to 106107142
Debate if instructions added 108135
Indefinite postponement not applicable to 96
Instructions may be added 109135
Precedence of as among motions to commit to
different committees 107
Precedence of as among motions 75
RecommitmentSee RECOMMITMENT Resolution of appointment of investigative
committee 135
Speakers duty to 1 135
Special committees to 106107110
UseT 106
What applicable to 106
COMMITTEE OF THE WHOLE HOUSE
Adjourn cannot si 146
Adjournment arrival of regular hour of 154
Amendments by action by House 157
Amendments report136156
Appropriation bills considered in 240
Bills and resolutions disposal or
recommendationj 155
Bills and resolutions interlineation prohibited LI 136
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
367
Rule No
Business finished procedure 155
Call of House not in order il 146
Chairman appointed by Speaker 143
Chairman duty of when no quorum present 144
Chairman duty when business finished 1155158
Chairman power to clear galleries or lobby 150
in 145
Commitment
Commitment to precedence 107
Committee reference prohibited 146
Debate in 145146152
Disorderly conduct reported 151
Formation of 13
House may resolve itself into vote necessary 142
House may resolve itself into when 142
Journal proceedings entry 158
Motion to rise report progress and ask leave
to sit againS 154
Papers called for r 149
Postpone indefinitely motion to not in order 146
Previous question not enforceable 146
Quorum requirement 144
Reading of bills by sections 145
Reconsideration in order 147
Report of procedure and form 155156157
Reports of precedence 139
Resolving House into 141142152
Rules applicable to and exceptions 146
Speakers actions 143148154155
Table motion to not in order 146
Time in extended 153154
Vote pairing prohibited in 148
Vote required unless excused 148
Yeas and nays cannot be taken 146
COMMITTEE ON JOURNALS
Auditing expenses
Clerk approval and removal of special
212213214 16
368
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Rule No
Enrolling U7
Journal entrySee JOURNAL
Journal reading and report 36
Preservation of billsj 117
Report at any time Z 35
Report required 1 117
COMMITTEES
Adverse report by effect 138181
Amendments by read without motion 171
Amendments by take precedence 1 168
Amendments report form 136
Appointed by Speaker 3i 209
Appropriation measures report on required 140
Bills and resolutions not to interline or deface 136
Bills and resolutions withdrawal from 114
Call of 211
Clerks 15
Commitment toSee COMMiTMENT Committee of the Whole reference of matters to
committees prohibited 146
Debate byIgl
Expenses of members how paidZZ212214
Finance Committee examination of State accounts 215
Membership limited 209
Members on State Boards A 18
Minority report time allowed for after ordering
of previous question jgj
Names 209
officers z2092io 211
Organization 210
Previous question committee time for debate Z 181
Records19 211
Reference to135 142
Reference to happenings in prohibited 62
Reports disagreement withm 138
Report failure to1 140
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
369
Rule No
Reports favorable effect 138
Reports form 137
Reports how made L2r jg
Reports minority form 137
Reports of amendment limit on169
Reports of precedence 139
Reports printing and distribution may be
required by committee 137
Reports requiring T gjg
Speakers membership 209
Vacancies 210
CONFERENCE COMMITTEE
Appointment i 176
Approval of report 176
Consideration Jigafe 17g
Discharge a
Instruction
Membership
Reports 17g
CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT
Amendment of 226
Approval of people 227
Convention 227
Journal entry 226
Local 226
Method 226
Publication 99ft
Repeal of I 226
Signature of Governor not required 208
Veto prohibited207 228
Vote required 226
CONTEST
Contest 251
370
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
CONTEMPT Rule No
Disorder for 3249
Vote refusal for190
CONTRACT APPROVAL
Public Service Commission Agreements A 11
CONVENING
Time Tr1 4787
CONVENTION OF PEOPLE
Calling for Constitutional amendment 227
CONVERSATION
Debate prohibited during 65
Prohibited over bar 67
Reference to during debate prohibited 62
COUNTY
Consolidation A 4
Site change A 5
DEBATE
Addressing House 6173
Adjournment decided without 48
Amendment action on Senate amendment
debate limited 172
Appeals debate limitations 7273
Censure for words 60
Committee happenings reference to out of order 62
Committee of the Whole how bills debated 145
Committee of the Whole regulated146152154
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 371
Rule No
Conduct of members in Li58
Conversations reference to out of order 62
Cut off prohibited whenT 2779
Exception to words 60
Freedom of 64
Individual speeches limited 58
Irrelevant Speaker shall suspend 27
Members names reference to out of order 63
Motion for yeas and nays decided without
debate 192
Motion for previous question not debatable 180
Motion to adjourn not debatable vr82
Motion to adjourn to particular day or time
debatable I83
Motion to amend report of Rules Committee
during last twentyone days not debatable 37
Motion to change order of business
not debatable 39
Motion to change rules not debatable 39
Motion to commit when debatable 108135
Motion to dispense with reading of the Journal
not debatable 42
Motion to dispense with roll call not
debatable 41
Motion to engross debate limited 132
Motion to excuse member from voting
debate limited 135
Motion to indefinitely postpone debatable 97
Motion to limit or extend members time of
speaking not debatable 58
Motion to postpone to time definite what
debatable 101
Motion to read papers not debatable 53
Motion to refer to committee debate if
instructions added 108135
Motion to require committee report debate
limited 140
Motion to resolve into Committee of the Whole debate limited 142
372
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Motion to suspend rules not debatable
Motion to table or take from table not
debatable ZZ
Motions allowed during
Movement during prohibited
Previous question debate regulated
Priority of business not debatable
Readings first two no debate
Report of Rules Committee when debatable Senate happenings reference to out of
order
Silence during
Subject matter limits
Through Speaker
Time limits on individual
Yeas and nays no debate during
Rule No
39
92
75
S 66
181183 25 134 39
62
27 6165 58
I 6173 58 199
DECORUM
Applause suppressed 69
Conversation none over bar 67
Hisses suppressed 1i 69
Silence during debate 276165
DISTRIBUTION OF BILLSSee PRINTING AND DISTRIBUTION OF BILLS
DIVISION
Adjournment limited by
Call for
Excuse from voting motion to restricts Reconsideration of main question limits
Results of Speaker shall announce
Speakers duty in case of
What divisible ffl
8185 178179191 194 180
189
189
179
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 373
DOORKEEPER Rule No
Clears lobbies and galleries when 32
Duties general 17
Election 17
Floor limitations enforcement of 1 23
Intoxicated members enforcement of rule
against 68
Message announcement M4 44
Pay i17
Substitution prohibited 18
Suspension by Speaker 34
ELECTIONAlso see JOINT SESSION
Auditor of A 7
Contest 225
Governor of action on r f ay 219220
Journal entry 217
Members of House judge of 1 59
Nomination limits 1i216 J 10
Presidential electors of 1 A 6
Procedure 217
Second not needed in nominations J 10
Speaker shall vote in 24
Vote necessary j 1217218
ELECTRIC ROLL CALUAlso see ROLLCALL
Adjournment limits z S 81
Clerks duties MBMp 201
Method r 202
Quorum to determine Mr r k r l j 190
Roll call at opening use for 41
Seat from Ii2 202
Speakers powers jillJlZMi 201
Tabling limited by 89
Tabling limits Mr gg
Use iartTov Jjfoft 201
Verification not required 200
374
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Rule No
EMPLOYEESSee ASSISTANTS ENGROSSMENT
Debate on zj idELi 132
Effect of Jit 132
Local bills reading required ZSLtt 133
Time for 132
Unanimous consent for prohibited 132
Vote required q 132
ENROLLING AND ENGROSSINGSee COMMITTEE ON JOURNALS
EXCEPTION TO WORDS SPOKEN
Previous question delayed by60
Procedure 60
Time for 1ZUzj 60
EXPENSES
Members procedure for payment 212
EXPULSION OF MEMBERS
Journal entry 58
Vote required r 58 59
When ZS5859
EXTRAORDINARY SESSION
Calling 87 A 8
Compensation during lJZZTLiZir A 8
Consideration limits A 8
Governors calling 87 A 8
Impeachment continued by 3jA 8
Time limits A 8
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
375
FILING OF BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Rule No
Required 123
Time for kr123
FINES
Members when transgress rules t gg
FLOORSee PRIVILEGE OF FLOOR GALLERIES
Applause and hisses to be suppressed T 69
Clearance by Speaker 1 32
Committee of the Whole Chairman may clear 150
GENERAL APPROPRIATIONS BILLSee APPROPRIATIONS
GOVERNOR
Adjournment power in regard to 86
Appropriations selective approval of 206
Budget bill presentation of v 232
Constitutional amendment action on 226
Election 19 220
Extraordinary session calling 87
Inauguration 220 221222223 224
Overriding veto 206 207208
Signature when required 206 208
Veto power 206 2077208 228
HISSES
Suppression go
IDENTIFICATION CARDS
Issued to persons entitled to privileges of
the floor 23
376
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
IMPEACHMENT Rule No
Procedure
Session continued 8
INTOXICATION
Member denied floor while in state of
INTRODUCTION OF BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Copies two required
Time for iff
Unanimous consent time limits 114
INVESTIGATION
Resolution appointing must be referred
to committee
State Officers of A
JOINT SESSION
Adjournment
Clerks duties
Debate
Elections for
Governors election for
Journal
Nominations in
Papers
Place House
Presider
Procedure general
Quorum
Rules change
Time of
Vote
J14
J 7 J 8
Jll J 1 219220 J 7 J 12 J 10
J 8 J 9
J 1 J 2
J 2 J 4 J 5 J 3 J 4
J 6 J 18 J 1 J 2 J 10 J 12 J 13
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 377
JOURNAL Rule No
Absentees shown onfitti 7 57
Amendments to Constitution entry with yeas
and nays 226
Appropriation yeas and nays shown 243
Committee duty to read and report 36 57
Committee of the Whole proceedings not
shown 158
Election vote entry 217
Expulsion entry 58
Governors inauguration entry 224
Joint session proceedings J 7 J 13
Oaths of officers and assistants entry 10
Petition name and object of petitioner
memorialist or remonstrant noted on 50
Preservation 122
Protests entry T I W 74
Publication required 121122
Reading by committee 36 57
Reading of how dispensed with 42
Required aaUUIT 121
Vote entry of 186 203 204 205 217226
Vote explanation entry 198
Vote names of those not voting shown on 205
Yeas and nays entry 191203204205226243
LOBBIES
Applause or hisses in suppressed 69
Clearance by Speaker 32
Committee of the Whole Chairmans power to clear 150
LOBBYISTS
Floor prohibited from 23
LOCAL BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Limitations upon 128129 A 16
Local governing authority restriction 128129
378 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Rule No
Notice of affidavit must be attached 128129
Notice required 128129
Office affected requires referendum 128129
Reading first two by title unless engrossment 133
Unanimous consent reading of third time
and putting on passageI 114
MAIN QUESTION
Adjournment effect on81 85180
Division after order for 191
Effect of 184
Form of 180
Reconsideration of 180185
Tabling limits 88
Vote required to order 180
MEETING OF HOUSE
Time of meeting for daily sessions 48
MEMORIALSSee PETITIONS MESSAGES
How sent announced received and considered 44
MESSENGER
Arrest of members to secure quorum 55 56
Clear lobbies and galleries when 32
Direction by Speaker 21 55
Duties general rT 1721
Election 17
Intoxicated member enforcement of rule against 68
Order enforcement of k 21
Papers distribution 21
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
379
Rule No
Pay 17
SergeantatArms exofficio r J 55
Stationery distribution 21
Suspension by Speaker I34
MINORITY REPORTS FROM COMMITTEE
Debate allowed after order for previous
question 181
How made 137
MOTIONS
Committee of the Whole in146147153154
Debate when cannot use motion to cut off 79
Disagreement with Senate motions in order 172
Information from departments table one day 135
Making must resume seat while putf 78
Number limited to one at a time 78
Possession of House 76
Precedence of 75 96
Previous question on rll 177
Second unnecessary H 77
Speakers actions on 189
Stating by Speaker 7 189
Strike out and insert motion to not divisible 179
Tabling effected by 46 94
Withdrawal 2 7696
NEW MATTERS
Unanimous consents for time forua 114
NOMINATIONS
Remarks disparaging prohibited 216
Second not needed J io
380 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
OATHS
Administered by judges to members
Assistants v
Clerks
Members f
Officers
Rule No 8
1012 101112 18 101112
OFFICERS
Oath
Pay
Suspension of by Speaker Who are
101112 213 34 5
ORDER OF BUSINESS
feM8 so114 i
Change motion not debatable
Change motion vote necessaryr
Committee report requiring
Fixing by Rules Committee during last
twentyone days
Information motions
Sifysof Hiiiiizi5M7ruin8i42i8o
Privilege questions Sf 07
Reading of Rules Committee Calendar
Reconsideration 1
Rules Committee report 43
Speakers power over jf
Unanimous consent SHTTifcil WSCj
ORGANIZATION
Assistant Clerk by 7 y 5
Bodies fJL
Chairman appointment and powers
Clerk by j
Elections during
NHNNOi
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 381
Rule No
First meeting time and place 47
Oaths78101112
Officers 2359
Procedure 2
Rules 2
Seating 6
PAGES
Age i 22
Appointment by members 22
Papers distribution 21
PAIRING FOR VOTING
Committee of theN Whole prohibited in 148
Prohibited 196
PAPERS
Clerks possession 1452
Committee care 136
Committee of the Whole may call for 149
Distribution I 21
Reading not subject to indefinite postponement 96
Reading of 53
PARLIAMENTARY LAW
Applicable when 249
PETITIONS
Presentation and form 50
POSTPONEMENT
Amendment motion to indefinitely postpone not amendable 97
382
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Amendment motion to postpone to day certain
amendable
Committee of the Whole motion to indefinitely
postpone not in order
Debate on
Effect of motion to indefinitely postpone Effect of motion to postpone to time definite
Effect of negative action
Effect indefinite postponement
Precedence of motion
Renewal limits y
Vote necessary on motion to indefinitely
postpone
Vote necessary on motion to postpone to a
time definite
What subject to i
Rule No
102
146 97101 99
100105
104 103
7596 98104
99
105 96100
PREAMBLE
Committee of the Whole last considered
145
PRESIDER
Clerk shall when
Joint session in
Speaker
Speaker absent who shall when
Speaker may appoint member to Speaker Pro Tern absent who shall when
PRESS
Bills and resolutions copy to
Floor entitled to
PREVIOUS QUESTION
Adjournment effect on Call of House limits
185180 182
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
383 Rule No
Committee of the Whole not in order in Debate allowed after ordering of Debate motion not debatable
Exception to debate delays
Form of k
Main question effect on
Minority committee report time allowed
for after ordering of
Precedence of motion
Reconsideration of
Tabling after w
Vote required
What applicable to
PRINTING AND DISTRIBUTION OF BILLS
Motion to print precedence of
Required when
Suspension of bills and resolutions until
PRIVILEGE
Precedence of questions of
Questions of what constitutes
PRIVILEGES OF FLOOR
Intoxicated members denied
Voting during
Who entitled to I
PROTESTS Procedure and form
PUNISHMENT
Members of
Voting for another fa
146 181183 180 60 180
180181
181
75180
185
88
177181 177
75
130
130
45
45
68
202
23
74
59
197
384 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
QUALIFICATION OF MEMBERS Rule No
Judgment of House 59195
QUORUM
Committee of the Whole requirement of 144
Compelling H 55 56
Number 54
Rollcall for 56182190
Speakers power in regard to 55190
Voting when not 190
READING OF BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Clerks m131171
Committee of the Whole in 141145
Committee report afterL 138
Debate none on first or second reading IE 134
Number and name of introducer stated on
second and third reading 131
Second automatic when ffitaaerj 134
Sections by1171
Times three l 133
Title by 133
Unanimous consent time limit 114
READING OF PAPERSSee PAPERS
RECOGNITION
Speaker decides 26
RECOMMITMENT
Unanimous consent time limit 114
Vote necessary for 110
What may be recommitted I110140
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 385
RECONSIDERATION Rule No
Amendments when in order 111
Committee of the Whole motion in order j 147
Effect of on bills 113
Main question effect on 185
Main question time for reconsideration of 180
Notice not to be withdrawn when 111
Notice when required Ill
Previous question effect on 185
Renewal once 112
Senate amendments in order immediately 111
Time for motion Ill
REMONSTRANCESSee PETITIONS
REPEALS
How effectuated 127
RETURNEES
Seats rights to 6
ROLLCALL
Adjournment limits 81
Clerks duty as to 5657190201
Committee of the Whole not in order in 146
Debate none during 199
Dispensing with 41
Electrical rollcall system 201
Explanation of votes on 198
Previous question limits 182
Procedure 57
Quorum to determine if 190
Reconsideration of main question limits 180
Required by House 2856
Speaker may order when 28182190201
Verification of when required 200
Vote refusal after contempt 190
386
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
RULES Rule No
Changed how 40 250 J 18
Debate motion to suspend or change decided
without debate ulrifeLffiLki 1 39
Question not covered by procedureL 249
Suspended how 3940 250 J 18
Suspension not subject to indefinite
postponement 96
Transgression penalized 25 58
RULES COMMITTEE
Calendar fixed by during last twentyone
daysajBhilElLQiXII 37
Membership 209
Proposed change addition or suspension of
rules must be referred to 250
Report debatable except last twentyone
days 39
Report failure to effect 250
Report of during last twentyone days motion
to amend not debatable 37
Report of in order when 43
Reports required 140250
Speaker Chairman of 209
Special orders submission to and report on 38
SEATS
Assigned by Speaker 6
Contested procedure when 195
Recognition from 58
SERGEANTATARMSSee MESSENGER SESSIONS
Business carried over how 87
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
387
Rule No
ExtraordinarySee EXTRAORDINARY SESSIONS Prolongation of signature of Governor
not required J 208
Term 87
SILENCE
Debate during 1 65
Speaker duty of to command when 2761
SPEAKER
Absence of Speaker Pro Tern to preside 30
Accounts certifying 214
Acts signs aSH 120
Adjournment members to remain until
Speaker retires 66
Amendments power to rule out if not
germane i 162172
Appeals from decision of 70 717273
Applause in galleries or chamber suppression
of 69
Appointment special A 2
Arrest power to 32 55
Attendance power to compel to secure a quorum 55
Auditors nomination call for A 7
Bond approval of Clerksi 13
Budget bill introduction of 232
Budget submission to Director 51
Business priority of decides without debate 25
Call the House duty to 56
Clearing galleries and lobbies 32
Commitment of bills and resolutions 135
Committee of the Whole Chairman appoints 141
Committee of the Whole duty regarding bills 142
Committee of the Whole duty when business
finished in 155
Committee of the Whole may resolve House into when 141
388
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Rule No
Committee of the Whole may take part in 148
Committee of the Whole resumes chair when 154155
Committee of the Whole right to take part in i 148
Committee of the Whole to leave chair during 141
Committees and subcommittees appoints
officers of 209
Committees appointment of 32 209 210
Committees assignment of members to 210
Committees membership on 209
Conference Committee appoints 176
Debate irrelevant power to suspend 27
Division call for 189
Doorkeeper may suspend 34
Election of ycin r 34
Electric rollcall system duty when voting by 201
Electric rollcall system out of order duty when 201
Floor privileges power over sitoyi 23
Governors election action on Hrdgtf9njQfretfi 219
Joint session seat at left of President J 5
Joint session succession to presider J 4
Messages duty as to n to H 44
Messenger direction and suspension 2134
Motion stating by iJi 76189
Oath to officers and assistants 101112
Officer as ot TWirn 5
Postponement action on 101102103
Postponement to day certain duty to enforce
restrictions on debate ri9LL 101
Postponement to day certain how to treat
amendment to motion 2 102
Postponement to day beyond session how to treat
motion 103
Preside may name members to 29
Presider 30
Question stating 188189
Quorum to secure 55 56182190
Recognition of member Jg26 58 61 78
Rollcall duties during iiijiJ8189 201
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 389
Rule No
Rollcall orders by when 28 56190 201
Rules Committee exofficio member of 209
Rules transgression penalizing 58
Seat assignments it 6
Signature when required 119 120
Silence commanding 27 61
State boards membership on A 18
Subcommittees appointment of 31
Unanimous consent shall entertain but one at a time BWCTOwjqjf ynaittvogj H 444
Unanimous consent when to recognize member for
purpose of asking 444
Verification of a rollcall vote not to entertain
motion to dispense with 200
Vote authority to 24 148
SPEAKER PRO TEM
Election take r 4 30
Joint session succession as presider J 4
Officer as 5
Powers 4
Presides in absence of Speaker 4 30
State Boards membership on A 18
SPECIAL LAWSSee LOCAL LAWS
STATE BOARDS
Membership of Legislators on A 18
STATE OFFICERS
Discharge of A 12
Investigation of A 10
Legislators as restrictions A 17
Suspension of A 12
390 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
STATIONERY Rule No
Distribution 21
STENOGRAPHIC REPORTER Appointment and pay 15
STREET RAILWAYS CONSTRUCTION
Approval by city governing authorities A 13
SUBCOMMITTEES
Appointed by Speaker 1 31 209
Calling meetings of 211
Controlled by standing committees 211
Minutes 211
Organization nnr211
SUBSTITUTEAlso see AMENDMENT
Amendment as 100
Bill perfected before substitute 165
Voted on before bill qtXSwi 165
SUCCESSION
Joint session J 4
Speakers absence 30
SUPREME COURT RULES
Approval of A 14
TABLING
Amendment motion not subject to 92
Amendment not applicable to 91
Committee of the Whole motion not in order 146
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
391
Rule No
Debate motion not debatable
Effect when motion to table prevails
Effect when motion to take from table
prevails
Effect when motion to take from table prevails
where measure tabled after rollcall M
Main question limits
Motion to take from when in order Precedence of
Previous question limits motion to table tr Renewal of motions to table and take from
when
Rollcall limited byf
Rollcall limits
State departments information called from
tabled one day
Time for taking from table
Vote required to take from table
What can be tabled
Yeas and nays limits
92
94
iJ 9495 89
IP 88
46
75 88180 88180
j 93
89
8889
46
95
95
9091 89
TITLE
Bills and resolutions subjectmatter must be
expressed in
TRANSMISSION TO SENATE
Day of passage vote required
TREASON
Pardon of Laicia15
UNANIMOUS CONSENTS
Commitment to Committee of the Whole 142
392
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Rule No
General provision for 187
Introduction for 114
Journal reading dispensing with 42
Limitation and regulation of use of 114
Motion withdrawal required for 76
Passage for 1 ifoi jail LofdnJ 114
Reading for 114
Recommitment for 114
Rollcall dispensing with 41
Rollcall vote dispensing with verification of 200
Time for V I 114
VERIFICATION
Electric rollcall system not required for 200
Rollcall vote dispensed with for 200
VETO
Governors power of 206 207 208 228
Overridden how 206 207 208
VOTE
Adjournment limits 81 85
Another not for 197
Appeal from Speakers ruling on 70
Bill required for Sfffigglio 186
Changing of 193 201 J 13
Committee of the Whole no pairing 148
Committee of the Whole not taken by yeas
m and nays in 146
Committee of the Whole vote required 148
Debate no during calling or reading of
yeas and nays 199
DivisionSee DIVISION
Electric rollcallSee ELECTRIC ROLLCALL
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
393
Rule No
ElectionSee ELECTION
Excuse from 190194195196
Explanation 1 198
Interest none where have Ey194195
General requirement 187
Journal entry required 186 203 204 205
Method of 191
Pairing of members not allowed A48196
QuorumSee QUORUM
Reconsideration of main question limits 180
Refusal may be contempt 190
Required when 148194
RollcallSee ROLLCALL
Seat from own 24197 202
Speaker may order yeas and nays when28
Speakers 24148
Tabling limits 89
Tie 24
Unanimous consentsSee UNANIMOUS CONSENTS
When allowed individuals 88
Yeas and naysSee YEAS AND NAYS
WITHDRAWAL
Bill when and how 113
Committee from 114
Motion when and how 163
WRITS
Signature Speakers and Clerks 119
YEAS AND NAYS
Adjournment limits 81 85
Change restricted 193
Committee of the Whole prohibited in 146
394
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Rule
Debate on motion prohibited
Debate prohibited during
Expulsion for
Journal entry 191 203 204
Method of calling
Reconsideration of main question limits
Seat from
Tabling limits
Vote required for call of
No
192
199
58
205
193
180
202
89
191
CONSTITUTION
aF THE
STATE OF GEORGIA
Compiled January 1977
RATIFIED NOVEMBER 2 1976 PROCLAIMED DECEMBER 22 1976
Designated as
The Constitution of the State of Georgia of 1976
396
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF ORGANIC ACTS AND STATE CONSTITUTIONS OF GEORGIA
Charter of the Colony of Georgia 1732
Grant of George II King of Great Britain
Constitution of 1777
Constitutional Convention Oct 1 1776Feb 5 1777 Constitution of 1789
Constitutional Convention Nov 424 1788 Jan 420 1789 May 46 1789 May 16 1795
Constitution of 1798
Constitutional Convention May 830 1798
Constitution of 1861
Constitutional Convention Jan 16March 23 1861 Constitution of 1865
Constitutional Convention Oct 25Nov 8 1865 Constitution of 1868
Constitutional Convention Dec 9 1867March 11 1868 Constitution of 1877
Constitutional Convention July 11 1877August 25 1877
Constitution of 1945 t b9ifltdG
Ratified General Election August 7 1945 Governors Proclamation August 13 1945
Constitution of 1976
Ratified General Election November 2 1976 Governors
Proclamation December 22 1976
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 397
CONSTITUTION OF THE
STATE OF GEORGIA
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
ARTICLE L Bill of Rights il401
ARTICLE III Elective Franchise 407
ARTICLE III Legislative Branch 410
ARTICLE IV Constitutional Boards and Aiii

ARTICLE V 433
ARTICLE VI 441
ARTICLE VII 456
ARTICLE Vili 477
ARTICLE IX Counties and Municipal f

ARTICLE X Retirement Systems and
Educational Scholarships 504
ARTICLE XI The Laws of General Operation
in Force in this State 515
ARTICLE XII Amendments to the Constitution 515
ARTICLE XIII Miscellaneous Provisions 517
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Editorial Note This compilation of the Georgia Constitution does not include amendments which are not general within the meaning of Paragraph I Section I Article XII
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL CERTIFICATE
399
GEORGIA FULTON COUNTY
This is to certify that pursuant to the provisions of Article XIII Section I Paragraph III of the proposed new Constitution of the State of Georgia the undersigned who constitute the entire membership of the Commission created by said Paragraph have met have performed the duties prescribed in said Paragraph and have incorporated the separate amendments referred tom said Paragraph into the Constitution which is attached The undersigned further certify that the attached document is being delivered to the Secretary of State and as provided in said Paragraph such document on January 1 1977 shall be the Constitution of the State of Georgia of 1976
This 22nd day of December 1976

LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA
401
PREAMBLE
To perpetuate the principles of free government insure justice to all preserve peace promote the interest and happiness of the citizen and transmit to posterity the enjoyment of liberty we the people of Georgia relying upon the protection and guidance of Almighty God do ordain and establish this Constitution
ARTICLE I
BILL OF RIGHTS
Section I
Rights of Persons
Paragraph I Life Liberty and Property No person shall be deprived of life liberty or property except by due process of law
Paragraph II Freedom of Conscience All men have the natural and inalienable right to worship God each according to the dictates of his own conscience and no human authority should in any case control or interfere with such right of conscience
Paragraph III Religious Opinions Liberty of Conscience No inhabitant of this State shall be molested in person or property or prohibited from holding any public office or trust on account of his religious opinions but the right of liberty of conscience shall not be so construed as to excuse acts of licentiousness or justify practices inconsistent with the peace and safety of the State
Paragraph IV Liberty of Speech or of the Press Guaranteed No law shall ever be passed to curtail or restrain the liberty of speech or of the press any person may speak write and publish his sentiments on all subjects being responsible for the abuse of that liberty
Paragraph V Arms Right to Keep and Bear The right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed but the General Assembly shall have power to prescribe the manner in which arms may be borne
Paragraph VI Right to Assemble and Petition The people have the right to assemble peaceably for their common good and to apply to those
402 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
vested with the powers of government for redress of grievances by petition or remonstrance
Paragraph VII Attainder Ex Post Facto and Retroactive Laws Etc No bill of attainder ex post facto law retroactive law or law impairing the obligation of contracts or making irrevocable grant of special privileges or immunities shall be passed
Paragraph VIII Libel Jury in Criminal Cases New Trials In all prosecutions or indictments for libel the truth may be given in evidence and the jury in all criminal cases shall be the judges of the law and the facts The power of the judges to grant new trials in case of conviction is preserved
Paragraph IX Right to the Courts No person shall be deprived of the right to prosecute or defend his own cause in any of the courts of this State in person by attorney or both
Paragraph X Searches Seizures and Warrants The right of the people to be secure in their persons houses papers and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures shall not be violated and no warrant shall issue except upon probable cause supported by oath or affirmation particularly describing the place or places to be searched and the persons or things to be seized
Paragraph XI Benefit of Counsel Accusation List of Witnesses Compulsory Process Trial by Jury Every person charged with an offense against the laws of this State shall have the privilege and benefit of counsel shall be furnished on demand with a copy of the accusation and a list of the witnesses on whose testimony the charge against him is founded shall have compulsory process to obtain the testimony of his own witnesses shall be confronted with the witnesses testifying against him and shall have a public and speedy trial by an impartial jury
Paragraph XII Habeas Corpus The writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended
Paragraph XIII Crimination of Self Not Compelled No person shall be compelled to give testimony tending in any manner to criminate himself
Paragraph XIV Bail Fines Punishment Arrest Abuse of Prisoners Excessive bail shall not be required nor excessive fines imposed nor
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
403
cruel and unusual punishments inflicted nor shall any person be abused in being arrested while under arrest or in prison
Paragraph XV Jeopardy of Life or Liberty More Than Once Forbidden No person shall be put in jeopardy of life or liberty more than once for the same offense save on his or her own motion for a new trial after conviction or in case of mistrial
Paragraph XVI Treason Treason against the State of Georgia shall consist in levying war against her adhering to her enemies giving them aid and comfort No person shall be convicted of treason except on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act or confession in open court
Paragraph XVII Conviction Effect of No conviction shall work corruption of blood or forfeiture of estate
Paragraph XVIII Banishment and Whipping as Punishment for Crime Neither banishment beyond the limits of the State nor whipping as a punishment for crime shall be allowed
Paragraph XIX Slavery and Involuntary Servitude There shall b within the State of Georgia neither slavery nor involuntary servitude save as a punishment for crime after legal conviction thereof
Paragraph XX Imprisonment for Debt There shall be no imprisonment for debt
Paragraph XXI Costs No person shall be compelled to pay costs except after conviction on final trial
Paragraph XXII Status of the Citizen The social status of the citizen shall never be the subject of legislation
Paragraph XXIII Exemptions from Levy and Sale There is hereby exempt from levy and sale by virtue of any process whatever under the laws of this State the property of every head of a family or guardian or trustee of a family of minor children or every aged or infirm person or person having the care and support of dependent females of any age who is not the head of a family realty or personalty or both to the value in the aggregate of sixteen hundred dollars and the General Assembly shall have authority to provide the manner of exempting said property the sale alienation and encumbrance thereof and to provide for the waiver of said exemption by the debtor The laws
404
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
now of force with respect to the exemptions provided herein shall remain in full force until changed by law
Paragraph XXIV Wifes Separate Estate All property of the wife at the time of her marriage and all property given to inherited or acquired by her shall remain her separate property and not be liable for the debts of her husband
Paragraph XXV Enumeration of Rights Not Denial of Others The enumeration of rights herein contained as a part of this Constitution shall not be construed to deny to the people any inherent rights which they may have hitherto enjoyed
Section II
Origin and Structure of Government
Paragraph I Origin and Foundation of Government All government of right originates with the people is founded upon their will only and is instituted solely for the good of the whole Public officers are the trustees and servants of the people and at all times amenable to them
Paragraph II State Rights The people of this State have the inherent sole and exclusive right of regulating their internal government and the police thereof and of altering and abolishing their Constitution whenever it may be necessary to their safety and happiness
Paragraph III Protection fhe Duty of Government Protection to person and property is the paramount duty of government and shall be impartial and complete
Paragraph IV Legislative Judicial and Executive Powers Separate The legislative judicial and executive powers shall forever remain separate and distinct and no person discharging the duties of one shall at the same time exercise the functions of either of the others except as herein provided
Paragraph V Civil Authority Superior to Military The civil authority shall be superior to the military and no soldier shall in time of peace be quartered in any house without the consent of the owner nor in time of war except by the civil magistrate in such manner as may be provided by law
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
405
Paragraph VI Contempts The power of the Courts to punish for contempt shall be limited by legislative acts
Paragraph VII General Laws Uniform Operation How Varied Laws of a general nature shall have uniform operation throughout the State and no special law shall be enacted in any case for which provision has been made by an existing general law No general law affecting private rights shall be varied in any particular case by special legislation except with the free consent in writing of all persons to be affected thereby and no person under legal disability to contract is capable of such consent
Paragraph VIII What Acts Void Legislative acts in violation of this Constitution or the Constitution of the United States are void and the Judiciary shall so declare them
Paragraph IX Citizens Protection of All citizens of the United States resident in this State are hereby declared citizens of this State and it shall be the duty of the General Assembly to enact such laws as will protect them in the full enjoyment of the rights privileges and immunities due to such citizenship
Paragraph X Appropriations to Churches Sects Etc Forbidden No money shall ever be taken from the public Treasury directly or indirectly in aid of any church sect or denomination of religionists or of any sectarian institution
Paragraph XI Lotteries All lotteries and the sale of lottery tickets are hereby prohibited and this prohibition shall be enforced by penal laws except that the operation of a nonprofit bingo game when the prizes given do not exceed 110000 in cash or gifts of equivalent value during any 24hour period or 220000 in cash or gifts of equivalent value during any calendar week shall not be a lottery and shall be legal in this State A nonprofit bingo game is one which is operated by a nonprofit organization No organization shall be considered a nonprofit organization within the meaning of this Paragraph except a taxexempt
organization within the meaning of the Internal Revenue Code or the
Georgia Income Tax Law as such Code and such Law are now or hereafter amended No organization shall be considered a nonprofit organization within the meaning of this Paragraph unless such organization shall annually file with the State Revenue Commissioner a report of an audit by a Certified or Registered Public Accountant fully accounting for all receipts and expenditures of such organization which report
shall constitute a public record subject to public inspection No church
406 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
parish synagogue or house of worship in this State shall be considered a nonprofit organization for the purpose of operating nonprofit bingo games within the meaning of this Paragraph unless the governing authority of such church parish synagogue or house of worship shall notify in writing the State Revenue Commissioner that it desires to be so considered
Paragraph XII Lobbxina Penalties Lobbying is declared to be a crirne and the General Assembly shall enforce this provision by suitable penalties
Paragraph XIII Fraud Concealment of Property The General Assembly shall have the power to provide for the punishment of fraud and shall provide by law for reaching property of the debtor concealed from the creditor
Section III
General Provisions
Paragraph I Private Ways Just Compensation Relocation Assistance Land Acquisition Policies Practices and Expenses 1 In case of necessity private ways may be granted upon just compensation being first paid by the applicant Private property shall not be taken or damaged for public purposes without just and adequate compensation being first paid except that when private property is taken or damaged for public road and street purposes by the State and the counties and the municipalities of the State just andMequate compensation therefor need not be paid until the same has been finally fixed and determined as provided by law but such just and adequate compensation shall then be Pald preference to all other obligations except bonded indebtedness The General Assembly may by law require the condemnor to make prepayment against adequate compensation as a condition precedent to the exercise of the right of eminent domain and provide for the disbursement Tf the same to the end that the rights and equities of the property owner lien holders and the State and its subdivisions may be protected
2 Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Constitution the General Assembly of the State of Georgia may by law require he State and State agencies and institutions and counties municipalities school districts political subdivisions public authorities public agencies public corporations and public instrumentalities created under this Constitution or the laws of this State i to provide relocation assistance and payments to persons displaced by public projects or programs
Endertaken or sponsored by the foregoing public entities including without limitation all of those relocation assistances and payments as are by Section 210 of that certain Act of Congress of the
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
407
United States of America known as the Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Policies Act of 1970 Public Law 91646 91st Congress approved January 2 1971 required to be made or furnished to such displaced persons by such public entities in order that federal financial assistance carr be made available to such public entities with respect to the public projects or programs causing such displacements and ii to establish and implement acquisition policies and practices and provide for the payment or reimbursement of necessary expenses of persons whose properties are acquired in connection with the acquisition of real property for public projects or programs such policies practices payments and reimbursements to include without limitation those real property acquisition policies practices payments and reimbursements which Section 305 of said Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Policies Act of 1970 requires that the foregoing public entities establish and implement or pay and reimburse as the case may be in acquiring real property for a public project or program in order that federal financial assistance can be made available to such public entities with respect to such projects or programs The providing of all of such relocation assistances and payments and in connection with the acquisition of real property for public projects or programs the establishing of all of such policies and practices and the paying or reimbursing of all of such necessary expenses are declared to be necessary among other reasons in order to avoid the loss of large sums of money which will otherwise be made available to the foregoing public entities as financial assistance by the United States of America and shall constitute governmental functions undertaken for public purposes and the powers of taxation may be exercised and public funds expended in furtherance thereof
Paragraph II Tidewater Titles Confirmed The Act of the General Assembly approved December 16 1902 which extends the title of ownership of lands abutting on tidal water to low water mark is hereby ratified and confirmed
ARTICLE if
ELECTIVE FRANCHISE
Section L
Qualifications and Disabilities of Electors
Paragraph I Elections by Ballot Registration of Voters Elections by the people shall be by ballot and only those persons shall be allowed to vote who have been first registered in accordance with the requirements of law
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
408
Panornnh II Who Shall Be An Elector Entitled to Register and Vote Every3 citizen of S State who is a citizen of the United States eighteen yearSy old or upwards not laboring under any of the disabilities na I Artirle ind oossessing the qualifications provided by it snail
be t etoor and enieToeregiSe and vote at any election by the
by reason of being stationed on duty in this State
En ind who in addition thereto comes within either of the classes provided for in the two following subdivisions of this paragrap
1 All persons who are of good character and understand the duties and obligations of citizenship under a republican form o governmen or
2 All persons who can correctly read in the English language any nmnhnf the Constitution of the United States or of this State and
paragraph v jn the English language when read to them
read to them by any of the registrars
Section II
Registration Requirements and Appeals
in8thisState towit 1st Those who shall have been convicted m any court of competent jurisdiction of treason against the State of embezzle
SidfebiMawmsf
have been pardoned 2nd Idiots and insane persons
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
409
Paragraph II Residence Requirements to Register and Vote The General Assembly shall provide by law for the durational residence requirements necessary to register and vote at any election by the people except that no person shall be entitled to register and vote unless he shall have resided in the State at least thirty 30 days immediately preceding the election at which he seeks to vote
Paragraph III Appeal From Decision of Registrars Any person to whom the right of registration is denied by the registrars upon the ground that he lacks the qualifications set forth in the two subdivisions of Paragraph III of Section I of this Article shall have the Tight to take an appeal and any citizen may enter an appeal from the decision of the registrars allowing any person to register under said subdivisions All appeals must be filed in writing with the registrars within ten days from the date of the decision complained of and shall be returned by the registrars to the office of the clerk of the superior court to be tried as other appeals
Paragraph IV Judgment of Force Pending Appeal Pending an appeal and until the final decision of the case the judgment of the registrars shall remain in full force
Section III
General Provisions
Paragraph I Privilege of Electors from Arrest Electors shall in all cases except for treason felony larceny and breach of the peace be privileged from arrest during their attendance on elections and in going to and returning from the same
Paragraph II Holder of Public Funds No person who is the holder of any public money contrary to law shall be eligible to any office in this State until the same is accounted for and paid into the Treasury
Paragraph III WriteIn Votes No person elected on a writein vote shall be eligible to hold office unless notice of his intention of candidacy was given twenty or more days prior to the election by the person to be a writein candidate or by some other person or group of persons qualified to vote in the subject election as follows In a State general election to the Secretary of State and by publication in a paper of general circulation in the State in a general election of county officers to the Judge of the Probate Court of the county in which he is to be a candi
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date and by publication in the official organ of the same county in a municipal general election to the mayor or similar officer thereof and by publication in the official gazette of the municipality holding the election The General Assembly may enact other reasonable regulations and require compliance therewith as a condition of eligibility to hold office in this State
Paragraph IV Returns Made to Whom Returns of election for all civil officers elected by the people who are to be commissioned by the Governor and also for members of the General Assenribly shall be made to the Secretary of State unless otherwise provided by law
Paragraph V Sale of Liquors on Election Days The General Assembly shall bv law forbid the sale of intoxicating drinks in this State or any political subdivision thereof on all days for the holding of any election in the area in which such election is held and prescribe punishment for any violation of the same
ARTICLE 111 LEGISLATIVE BRANCH
Section I
Legislative Power Where Vested
Paragraph of the State of a Senate
I Power Vested in General Assembly The legislative power shall be vested in a General Assembly which shall consist and House of Representatives
Section II
Senatorial Districts
Paragraph 1 Apportionment of Senate The Senate shall consist of not less than fiftyfour and not more than fiftysix members Each Senator shall be elected from and represent one Senatorial District The General Aembly6 may create rearrange and change Senatorial Districts as it deems proper The apportionment of the Senate shall be changed by the General Assembly if necessary after each United States decennial census becomes official
Paragraph II Qualifications of Senators The Senators shall be citizens of the United States who have attained the age of twentyfive years
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and who shall have been citizens of this State for four years and for one year residents of the districts from which elected
Section III
Representative Districts
Paragraph I Apportionment of the House of Representatives The House of Representatives shall consist of representatives apportioned among the Representative Districts of the State The General Assembly may create rearrange and change Representative Districts as it deems proper The apportionment of the House of Representatives shall be changed by the General Assembly if necessary after each United States decennial census becomes official
Paragraph II Qualifications of Representatives The Representatives shall be citizens of the United States who have attained the age of twentyone years and who shall have been citizens of this State for two years and for one year residents of the districts from which elected
Section IV
Officers of the General Assembly
Paragraph I President and President Pro Tempore The presiding officer of the Senate shall be styled the President of the Senate A President Pro Tempore shall be elected viva voce from the Senators and shall become President in case of the death resignation or permanent disability of the President or in the event of the succession of the President to the executive power In the event the President is unable to perform the duties of his office because of temporary disability the President Pro Tempore shall act as President during the period ot temporary disability In the event the President Pro Tempore becomes President while the General Assembly is in session the Senate shall elect a President Pro Tempore viva voce from the Senators In the event the President Pro Tempore becomes President at a time when the General Assembly is not in session the Senate shall elect a President Pro Tempore viva voce from the Senators at the next session if any during the same term whether it be a regular session or an extraordinary session I he General Assembly shall provide by law for the method of determining disability as provided in this Paragraph When a President Pro Tempore becomes President of the Senate as provided in this Paragraph such President shall receive the same compensation and allowances as the Speaker of the House of Representatives The provisions of this Paragraph shal become effective on the first day of the regular session of the General Assembly in 1977
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Paragraph II Speaker The presiding officer of the House of Representadves shall belled the Speaker of the House of Representatves and shall be elected viva voce from the Representatives A Speaker Pro TemDore shall be elected viva voce from the Representatives and shall STcaseof the death resignation or disability of the Speaker or n the event of his succession to the executive power
Paragraph III Officers of the Two Houses The officers of the two houses8 other than the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House shall be a President Pro Tempore and a Secretary of the Senate amSa Speaker Vro Tempore and a Clerk of the House of Representatives and such assistants as each House may provide for
Section V
General Assembly Organization and Procedure
Paragraph Term of Members The members of the General Assembly shall be elected for two years and shall serve until the time fixed by law for the convening of the General Assembly in the year following the second year of such members term of office
Paragraph II Election When The first election for members of the General Assembly under this Constitution shall take place on Tuesday after the first Monday in November 1978 and subsequent elections bienniallyv on that day until the day of election is changed by law
Paragraph III Meeting time limit adjournment The General Assembly shall meet in regular session on the second Monday in January of each year By concurrent resolution adopted by a majority of the members elected to both Houses of the General Assembly the General Assembly may adjourn any regular session to such later date as it may fix tor reconvening in regular session but shall remain m regular session no longer than forty days in the aggregate each year Separate Penodsf adjournment may be fixed by one or more such concurrent resolutions The Senate and the House of Representatives shall organize each oddnumbered year and shall be a different General Assembly for each twoyear period All business pending m the Senate or the House of Representatives at the time of adjournment of any regular session may be considered at any regular session of the same General Assembly as if there had been no adjournment Nothing herein shall be construed t affect the power of the Governor to convoke the General Assembly in extraordinary session or the duty of the Governor to Assembly in extraordinary session upon the certificate of hreefdths the members elected to the Senate and the House of Representatives as provided in Article V Section II Paragraph III of this Constitution If
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any impeachment trial is pending at the end of any regular or extraordinary session the Senate may continue in session until such trial is completed
Paragraph IV Oath of Members Each Senator and Representative before taking his seat shall take the following oath or affirmation towit I will support the Constitution of this State and of the United States and on all questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be most conducive to the interests and prosperity of this State
Paragraph V Quorum A majority of each House shall constitute a quorum to transact business but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and compel the presence of its absent members as each House may provide
ParagrapliVI Adjournment Neither House shall adjourn for more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of disagreement between the two Houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them
Paragraph VII Eligibility Appointments Forbidden No person holding a military commission or other appointment or office having any emolument or compensation annexed thereto under this State or the United States or either of them except Justices of the Peace and officers of the militia nor any defaulter for public money or for any legal taxes required of him shall have a seat in either house nor shall any Senator or Representative after his qualification as such be elected by the General Assembly or appointed by the Governor either with or without the advice and consent of the Senate to any office or appointment having any emolument annexed thereto during the time for which he shall have been elected unless he shall first resign his seat provided however that during the term for which he was elected no Senator or Representative shall be appointed to any civil office which has been created during such term
Paragraph VIII Removal From District Effect of The seat of a member of either house shall be vacated on his removal from the district from which he was elected
Paragraph IX Compensation and Allowances The members of the General Assembly shall receive such compensation and allowances as shall be provided for by law but no change in such compensation or allowances shall become effective prior to the end of the term during which such change is made
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Paragraph X Election Returns Etc Disorderly Conduct Each House shall be the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its members and shall have power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by censure fine imprisonment or expulsion but no member shall be expelled except by a vote of twothirds of the House to which he belongs
Paragraph XI Contempts How Punished Each House may punish by imprisonment not extending beyond the session any person not a member who shall be guilty of a contempt by any disorderly behavior in its presence or who shall rescue or attempt to rescue any person arrested by order of either House
Paragraph XII Privilege of Members The members of both Houses shall be free from arrest during their attendance on the General Assembly and in going thereto or returning therefrom except for treason felony larceny or breach of the peace and no member shall be liable to answer in any other place for anything spoken in debate in either House
Paragraph XIII Viva Voce Vote Place of Meeting All elections by the General Assembly shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the Journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of election they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare the results
Section VI
Impeachments
Paragraph I Power to Impeach The House of Representatives shall have the sole power to vote impeachment charges against all persons who shall have been or may be in office
Paragraph II Impeachments The Senate shall have the sole power to try impeachments When sitting for that purpose the Senators shall be on oath or affirmation and shall be presided over by the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court Should the Chief Justice be disqualified then the Presiding Justice shall preside Should the Presiding Justice be disqualified then the Senate shall select a Justice of the Supreme Court to preside No person shall be convicted without concurrence of twothirds of the members present
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Paragraph III Judgments in Impeachments Judgments in cases of impeachment shall not extend further than removal from office and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor trust or profit within this State but the party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to indictment trial judgment and punishment according to law
Section VII
Enactment of Laws
Paragraph I Journals and Acts Each House shall keep a journal of its proceedings and publish it immediately after its adjournment The General Assembly shall provide for the publication of the laws passed by each session
Paragraph II Where Journals Kept The original journal shall be preserved after publication in the office of the Secretary of State but there shall be no other record thereof
Paragraph III Bills to Be Read Every bill before it shall pass shall be read three times and on three separate days in each House unless in cases of actual invasion or insurrection but the first and second reading of each local bill shall consist of the reading of the title only unless said bill is ordered to be engrossed
Paragraph IV One Subject Matter Expressed No law shall pass which refers to more than one subject matter or contains matter different from what is expressed in the title thereof
Paragraph V Yeas and Nays When Taken The yeas and nays on any question shall at the desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the Journal
Paragraph VI Yeas and Nays to Be Entered When Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both houses for the passage of an act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal
Paragraph VII Majority of Members to Pass Bill No bill shall become a law unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the members elected to each House of the General Assembly and it shall in every instance so appear on the Journal
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Paragraph VIII Bills For Revenue All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills
Paragraph IX Notice of Intention to Ask Local Legislation Necessary No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the newspaper in which the Sheriffs advertisements for the locality affected are published once a week for three weeks during a period of sixty days immediately preceding its introduction into the General Assembly No local or special bill shall become law unless there is attached to and made a part of said bill a copy of said notice certified by the publisher or accompanied by an affidavit of the author to the effect that said notice has been published as provided by law No office to which a person has been elected shall
be abolished nor the term of the office shortened or lengthened by local
or special bill during the term for which such person was elected unless the same be approved by the people of the jurisdiction affected in a referendum on the question Where any local law shall add any member
or members to any municipal or county governing authority the members
of which are elected by the people such local law must provide that the member or members so added must be elected by the qualified voters of the political subdivision affected under such rules as the General Assembly may in said law provide
Paragraph X Acts Signed Rejected Bills All acts shall be signed by the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives and no bill or resolution intended to have the effect of a law which shall have been rejected by either house shall be again proposed during the same session under the same or any other title without the consent of twothirds of the House by which the same was rejected
Paragraph XI Signature of Governor No provision in this Constitution for a twothirds vote of both houses of the General Assembly shall be construed to waive the necessity for the signature of the Governor as in any other case except in the case of the twothirds vote required to override the veto to submit constitutional amendments or a new Constitution and in case of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly
Paragraph XII Statutes and Sections of Code How Amended No law or Section of the Code shall be amended or repealed by mere reference to its title or to the number of the Section of the Code but the amending or repealing act shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as well as the alteration to be made
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Section VIII
General Assembly Exercise of Powers
Paragraph I Powers of the General Assembly The General Assembly shall have the power to make all laws consistent with this Constitution and not repugnant to the Constitution of the United States which they shall deem necessary and proper for the welfare of the State
Paragraph II Right of Eminent Domain The exercise of the right of eminent domain shall never be abridged nor so construed as to prevent the General Assembly from taking property and franchises and subjecting them to public use
Paragraph III Police Power The exercise of the police power of the state shall never be abridged nor so construed as to permit the conduct of business in such manner as to infringe the equal rights of others of the general wellbeing of the State
Paragraph III A Restrictions upon Land Use for the Protection of Natural Resources Environment and Vital Areas The General Assembly shall have the authority to provide restrictions upon land use in order to protect and preserve the natural resources environment and vital areas of this State
Paragraph IV Compensation arid Allowances of Elective Officials How Changed The General Assembly may at any time provide by law other and different compensation or allowances for all of the elective officers provided for in this Constitution
Paragraph V Corporate Powers How Granted The General Assembly shall have no power to make or change election precincts nor to establish bridges or ferries nor to change names of legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law the manner in which such powers shall be exercised by the courts The General Assembly shall have no power to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies but it shall prescribe by law the manner in which such power to grant corporate powers and privileges to private conpanies shall be exercised by the Secretary of State All corporate powers and privileges to banking trust insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies shall be issued and granted by the Secretary of State in such manner as shall be prescribed by law and if in any event the Secretary of State should be disqualified to act in any case then in that event the legislature shall provide by general law by what person such charter shall be granted
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Paragraph VI Charters Revived or Amended Subject to Constitution The General Assembly shall not remit the forfeiture of the charter of any corporation existing at the time the Constitution of 1945 became effective nor alter or amend the same nor pass any other general or special law for the benefit of said corporation except upon the condition that such corporation shall thereafter hold its charter subject to the provisions of this Constitution and every amendment of any charter of any corporation in this State or any special law for its benefit accepted thereby shall operate as a novation of said charter and shall bring the same under the provision of this Constitution
Paragraph VII Recognizances The General Assembly shall have no power to relieve principals or securities upon forfeited recognizances from the payment thereof either before or after judgment thereon unless the principal in the recognizance shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the proper officers
Paragraph VIII Contracts to Defeat Competition All contracts and agreements which may have the effect or be intended to have the effect to defeat or lessen competition or to encourage monopoly shall be illegal and void The General Assembly of this State shall have no power to authorize any such contract or agreement The General Assembly shall enforce the provisions of this Paragraph by appropriate legislation
Paragraph IX Public Utility Tariffs and Charges The power and authority of regulating railroad freight and passenger tariffs and of charges of public utilities for their services of preventing unjust discriminations and requiring reasonable and just rates of freight and passenger tariffs and of charges of public utilities are hereby conferred upon the General Assembly whose duty it shall be to pass laws from time to time to regulate such tariffs and charges to prohibit unjust discriminations by the various railroad and public utilities of this State and to prohibit said railroads and public utilities from charging other than just and reasonable rates and to enforce the same by adequate penalties provided nevertheless that such power and authority shall never be exercised in any way to regulate or fix charges of such public utilities as are or may be owned or operated by any county or municipality of this State except as provided in this Constitution
Paragraph X Rebates No public utility company shall give or pay any rebate or bonus in the nature thereof directly or indirectly or do any act to mislead or deceive the public as to the real rates charged or received for freight or passage or services furnished any such payments shall be illegal and void and these prohibitions shall be enforced by suitable penalties
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Paragraph XI Street Railways The General Assembly shall not authorize the construction of any street passenger railway within the limits of any incorporate town or city without the consent of the Corporate Authorities
Paragraph XII Gratuities Exceptions
1 Except as provided in this Constitution the General Assembly shall not by vote resolution or order grant any donation or gratuity in favor of any person corporation or association
2 The General Assembly shall not grant or authorize extra compensation to any public officer agent or contractor after the service has been rendered or the contract entered into
3 The General Assembly is authorized to provide by law for the payment of two hundred and fifty thousand dollars 25000000 to the first person firm or corporation or combination thereof which puts down and brings in the first commercial oil well in this State Such well must produce at least 100 barrels of oil per day and the determination as to whether such well is producing this amount is hereby vested in the Commissioner of Natural Resources Said law shall provide for the distribution of said amount as the General Assembly may by statute provide between the company or individual who drills or causes to be drilled said well the contractor who furnishes the equipment among such workmen and employees actually engaged in the job and to the mineral andor property owner where the well is drilled The General Assembly shall provide for the method of payment by the Governor
4 The General Assembly is hereby authorized to provide by law for the granting of funds to a county in which is located land belonging to the State consisting of at least 20000 acres from which such county receives no taxes The General Assembly is authorized to provide in such law the procedure for determining the amount of funds and all other matters relative to any such grant
5 Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Constitution the General Assembly is hereby authorized to provide by law for the indemnification with respect to death personal injury or property damage sustained in preventing the commission of a crime against the person or property of another in apprehending a criminal or in assisting a peace officer in prevention of a crime or apprehension of a criminal Such law may provide for the method of payment of such indemnification and all other matters relative to the purposes herein provided The General Assembly
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is hereby authorized to appropriate State funds for the payment of such indemnification and for the purpose of implementing any law as authorized by this paragraph
6 Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Constitution the Department of Industry and Trade in order to make Georgia competitive with other states in securing new business industry and tourism is hereby authorized to expend available funds for the business meals and incidental expenses of bona fide industrial prospects and other persons who attend any meeting at the request of the Department to discuss the location or development of new business industry or tourism within the State All such expenditures shall be verified by vouchers showing the date place purpose and persons for whom such expenditures were made The State Auditor shall conduct an audit of such expenditures at least every six months
7 The General Assembly is hereby authorized to provide by law for a program of indemnification with respect to the death of any law enforcement officer fireman or prison guard who is or has been killed in the line of duty subsequent to January 1 1973 Such law may provide for the method of payment of such indemnification and all other matters relative thereto provided that no such law may provide an indemnification with respect to the death of a law enforcement officer fireman or prison guard which is in excess of 50000 The General Assembly is hereby authorized to levy taxes and to appropriate State funds for the payment of such indemnification and for the purpose of implementing any law as authorized by this paragraph
8 Any provision of this Paragraph to the contrary notwithstanding the General Assembly is authorized to provide by law for the donation or gratuitous transfer of books and other printed materials which are owned by the State and which have been found and declared to be surplus to bona fide nonprofit civic educational or charitable organizations when such books and materials or the proceeds from the sale thereof are to be used for bona fide civic education or charitable activities or purposes
Section IX
Insurance Regulation
Paragraph I General Assembly to Enact Laws for Peoples Protection Etc The General Assembly shall from time to time enact laws to compel all fire insurance companies doing business in this State whether chartered by this State or otherwise to deposit reasonable securities with the Director
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Fiscal Division Department of Administrative Services of this State or such other officer as may be designated by law to secure the people against loss by the operations of said companies
Paragraph II Reports By Insurance Companies The General Assembly shall compel all insurance companies in this State or doing business therein under proper penalties to make annual reports to the Comptroller General and print the same at their own expense for the information and protection of the people
Paragraph III Nonresident Insurance Companies All life insurance companies now doing business in this State or which may desire to establish agencies and do business in the State of Georgia chartered by other States of the Union or foreign States shall show that they have deposited with the Comptroller General of the State in which they are chartered or of this State the Insurance Commissioner or such other officer as may be authorized to receive it not less than one hundred thousand dollars m such securities as may be deemed by such officer equivalent to cash subject to his order as a guarantee fund for the security of policyholders
Paragraph IV License by Comptroller General When such showing is made to the Comptroller General of the State of Georgia by a proper certificate from the State officials having charge of the funds so deposited the Comptroller General of the State of Georgia is authorized to issue to the company making such showing a license to do business lit the State upon paying the fees required by law
Paragraph V Resident Insurance Companies Guarantee Fund All life insurance companies chartered by the State of Georgia or which may hereafter be chartered by the State shall before doing business deposit with the Comptroller General of the State of Georgia or with some strong corporation which may be approved by said Comptroller General one hundred thousand dollars in such securities as may be deemed by him equivalent to cash to be subject to his order as a guarantee fund for the security of the policyholders of the company making such deposit all interest and dividends from such securities to be paid when due to the company so depositing Any such securities as may be needed or desired by the company may be taken from said department at any time by replacing them with other securities equally acceptable to the Comptroller General whose certificate for the same shall be furnished to the company
Paragraph VI Subsequent Injury Workmens Compensation Trust Fund Any other provision of this Constitution to the contrary notwithstanding the General Assembly may provide for the creation of a Subsequent
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Injury Workmens Compensation Trust Fund to be used for the payment of a portion of the expenses of disability resulting to an employee from a combination of previous disability with subsequent injury incurred in employment The General Assembly may provide that funding for such trust fund may be derived from assessments to be levied upon all insurance companies writing workmens compensation insurance in this State and all selfinsurers appropriations gifts and donations and other sources The General Assembly may also designate the Trustees of the fund and may provide for the administration of the fund The General Assembly may authorize collection deposit and management of funds and may provide for the disposition of the funds for purposes stated hereinabove without being placed in the State Treasury
Section X
Appropriations
Paragraph I Public Money How Drawn No money shall be drawn from the Treasury except by appropriation made by law
Paragraph II Bills Appropriating Money No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in each house are recorded
Paragraph III Preparation Submission and Enactments of General Appropriations Bill a The Governor shall submit to the General Assembly within five days after its convening in regular session each year a budget message and a budget report accompanied by a draft of a General Appropriations Bill in such form and manner as may be prescribed by
statute which shall provide for the appropriation of the funds necessary to operate all the various departments and agencies and to meet the current expenses of the State for the next fiscal year
b The General Assembly shall annually appropriate the funds
necessary to operate all the various departments and agencies and meet the current expenses of the State for the next fiscal year The fiscal year
of the State shall commence on the first day of July of each year and
terminate on the thirtieth of June following
c The General Assembly shall by general law provide for the regulation and management of the finance and fiscal administration of the State
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Paragraph IV General Appropriations Bill The General Appropriations Bill shall embrace nothing except appropriations fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the Executive Legislative and Judicial Departments of the Government payment of the public debt and interest thereon and for support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appropriations shall be made by separate bills each embracing but one subject
Paragraph V General Appropriations Act a Each General Appropriations Act now of force or hereafter adopted with such amendments as are adopted from time to time shall continue in force and effect for the next fiscal year after adoption and it shall then expire except for the mandatory appropriations required by this Constitution and those required to meet contractual obligations authorized by this Constitution and the continued appropriation of Federal grants
b The General Assembly shall not appropriate funds for any given fiscal year which in aggregate exceed a sum equal to the amount of unappropriated surplus expected to have accrued in the State Treasury at the beginning of the fiscal year together with an amount not greater than the total Treasury receipts from existing revenue sources anticipated to be collected in the fiscal year less refunds as estimated in the Budget Report and amendments thereto Supplementary appropriations if any shall be made in the manner provided in Paragraph VI of this Section of the Constitution but in no event shall a supplementary appropriations Act continue in force and effect beyond the expiration of the General Appropriations Act in effect when such supplementary appropriations Act was adopted and approved
c All appropriated funds except for the mandatory appropriations required by this Constitution remaining unexpended and not contractually obligated at the expiration of such General Appropriations Act shall lapse
d All federal funds received by the State of Georgia are hereby continually appropriated in the exact amounts and for the purposes authorized and directed by the Federal Government in making the grant
e The State State institutions departments and agencies of the State are hereby prohibited from entering into any contract with any public agency public corporation or authority pursuant to the provisions of Article IX Section VI Paragraph 1a which such contract constitutes security for bonds or other obligations issued by any such public agency public corporation or authority and the appropriation or expenditure of
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any funds for the payment of obligations under any such contract is likewise prohibited at any time when the aggregate annual payments under all such contracts including the contract or contracts proposed to be entered into exceed 15 of the total revenue receipts less refunds of the State Treasury in the fiscal year immediately preceding the making and entering into of any such contract provided however this provision shall not affect contracts validly entered into prior to the effective date of the amendment to Article VII Section IX Paragraph II of the Constitution of 1945 adopted November 6 1962 The execution of any such contract is further prohibited until the General Assembly has specifically provided funds in an Appropriations Act for the payment of at least one years rental under such contract
Paragraph VI Other or Supplementary Appropriations In addition to the appropriations made by the General Appropriations Act and amendments thereto the General Assembly may make additional appropriations by Acts which shall be known as supplementary appropriation Acts provided no such supplementary appropriation shall be available unless there is an unappropriated surplus in the State Treasury or the revenue necessary to pay such appropriation shall have been provided by a tax laid for such purpose and collected into the General Fund of the State Treasury Neither House shall pass a Supplementary Appropriation Bill until the General Appropriations Act shall have been finally adopted by both Houses and approved by the Governor
Paragraph yil Appropriations to be for Specific Sums a Except as hereinafter provided the appropriation for each department officer bureau board commission agency or institution for which appropriation is made shall be for a specific sum of money and no appropriation shall allocate to any object the proceeds of any particular tax or fund or a part or percentage thereof
b An amount equal to all money derived from motor fuel taxes received by the State in each of the immediately preceding fiscal years less the amount of refunds rebates and collection costs authorized by law is hereby appropriated for the fiscal year beginning July 1 of each year following for all activities incident to providing and maintaining an adequate system of public roads and bridges in this State as authorized by laws enacted by the General Assembly of Georgia and for grants to counties by law authorizing road construction and maintenance as provided by law authorizing such grants Said sum is hereby appropriated for and shall be available for the aforesaid purposes regardless of whether the General Assembly enacts a General Appropriations Act and said sum need not be specifically stated in any General Appropriations Act passed by the General Assembly in order to be available for such purposes
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However this shall not preclude the General Assembly from appropriating for such purposes an amount greater than the sum specified above for such purposes The expenditure of such funds shall be subject to all the rules Regulations and restrictions imposed on the expendre of tions by provisions of the Constitution and laws of this State unless such provisions are in conflict with the provisions of this paragraph And provided however that the proceeds of the tax hereby appropriated shall SS be subject to budgetary reduction In the event of invasion of this State by land sea or air or in case of a major catastrophe so proclaimed by the Governor said funds may be utilized for defense or relief purposes on the Executive Order of the Governor
Paragraph VIII Appropriations Void Wien Any appropriation made in conflict with either of the foregoing provisions shall be void
Section XI
Militia
Paragraph I Organization of Militia A well regulated militia being essential to the peace and security of the State the Genal Assembly shall have authority to provide by law how the militia of this StatejJa J be organized officered trained armed and equipped and of whom it shall consist
Paragraph II Volunteers The General Assembly shall have powerto authorize the formation of volunteer companies and to provide for their nrcmization into battalions regiments brigades divisions and corps with such restrictions as may be prescribed by law and shall have authority to arm and equip the same
Paragraph III Pay of the militia and volunteer rations or emoluments State
Militia and Volunteers The officers and men of forces shall not be entitled to receive any pay when not in active service by authority of the
Paragraph IV Diseitiine of the Militia When not in Federal service
the dfsdpline of members of the Militia shall be XVnited Sate Qnnlirahle nrovisions of the Constitution and laws of the United Mates S Of th General Assembly and directives of the Governor in hs ACtS c rnmmanHpr in Chief of the Militia Notwithstanding any other
Elv 1 fes
ffl for the Initiation of charges and subsequent
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procedures thereon ideof evidence venue and all other matters necessary and proper for the maintenance of a well regulated and disciplined Militia
Section XII
Emergency Powers
Paragraph I Emergency Powers of the General Assembly The General Assembly in order to insure continuity of State and local governmental operations in periods of emergency resulting from disasters caused by enemy attack shall have the power and the immediate duty
1 To provide for prompt and temporary succession to the powers and duties of persons holding office in the Executive Judicial and Legislative branches of State and local government whether filled by election or appointment the incumbents of which may become unavailable for carrying on the powers and duties of such offices during such emergency and
2 To adopt such other measures as may be necessary and proper for insuring the continuity of governmental operations during such emergency including but not limited to the suspension of any or all constitutional legislative rules
Any legislation heretofore adopted by the General Assembly which would have been invalid except for the provisions of this Paragraph is hereby ratified as part of the statute laws of the State of Georgia
ARTICLE IV
CONSTITUTIONAL BOARDS AND COMMISSIONS
Section I
Public Service Commission
Paragraph I Public Service Commission as Constitutional Officers There shall be a Public Service Commission for the regulation of utilities vested with the jurisdiction powers and duties as provided by law Such Commission shall consist of five members who shall be elected by the people A Chairman shall be selected by the members of the Commission from its membership The first Commission under this Constitution shall consist of the commissioners in office on the effective date of this Constitution and they shall serve until December 31 after the general election at which
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the successor of each member is elected Thereafter all succeeding terms of members shall be for six years The qualifications compensations filling of vacancies manner and time of election power and duties of members of the Commission including the chairman shall be as provided by law
Section II
State Board of Pardons and Paroles
Paragraph I State Board of Pardons and Paroles There shall be a State Board of Pardons and Paroles to be composed of not less than five or more than seven members the number to be determined by the General Assembly The successors to the present members and all members of the Board who are subsequently appointed to fill vacancies shall be appointed for terms of seven years unless removed from office for cause as hereinafter provided In the event of a vacancy for any reason other than thp expiration of term such vacancy shall be filled in the manner hereinafter provided for the unexpired term All appointments to the Board shaft be made by the Governor and shall be subject to the confirmation of the Senate Any member of the Board may be removed from office for cause by the unanimous action of the Governor Lieutenant Governor and Attorney General or by judgment of the Senate in a trial of impeachment The members in office on the effective date of this Constitution shall serve out the remainder of their respective terms The Governor shall not be a member of the State Board of Pardons and Paroles The General Assembly shall fix the compensation of the members of the Board but until changed by the General Assembly the members shall continue to receive that compensation which the present members are receiving The State Board of Pardons and Paroles shall have power to grant reprieves pardons and paroles to commute penalties remove disabilities imposed by law and may remit any part of a sentence for any offense against the State after conviction except in cases of treason or impeachment and except in cases in which the Governor refuses to suspend a sentence of death When a sentence of death is commuted to life imprisonment the Board shall not have the authority to grant a pardon to the convicted person until such person has served at least twentyfive years in the penitentiary and such person shall not become eligible for parole at any time prior to serving at least twentyfive years in the penitentiary When a person is convicted of armed robbery the Board shall not have the authority to consider such person for pardon or parole until such person has served at least five years in the penitentiary The Board shall act on all applications within 90 days from the filing of same and in all cases a majority shall decide the action of the Board The State Board of Pardons and Paroles shall at each session of the General Assembly communicate to that body in full detail
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each case of pardon paroleommutation removal of disabilities or remission of sentence gfantehstating the name of the convicted the offense for which he wds convicted the sentence and its date the date of the pardon parole commutation removal of disabilities or remission of sentence and the reasons for granting the same and the State Board of Pardons and Paroles may make rules and regulations as may be authorized by law Each year the Board shall elect one of its members to serve as Chairman of the Board for the ensuing year The General Assembly may enact laws in aid of but not inconsistent with this Paragraph
Section III
Board of Offender Rehabilitation
Paragraph I Board of Offender Rehabilitation There shall be a Board of Offender Rehabilitation to be composed of nine members as follows the five members of the Board of Corrections who serve ex officio as members of the statutory Board of Offender Rehabilitation shall continue to serve out the terms to which they were appointed as members of the Board of Offender Rehabilitation herein created the Governor shall appoint the remaining four members subject to the consent of the Senate The initial appointments by the Governor shall be for one two three and four years respectively Thereafter successors to the initial members of the Board shall be appointed by the Governor subject to the consent of the Senate for terms of office of four years and until their successors are duly appointed and qualified The Board shall establish the general policy to be followed by the Department of Offender Rehabilitation
Section IV
Board of Natural Resources
Paragraph I Creation Membership Appointment Terms of Office Powers and Duties Compensation There shall be a Board of Natural Resources Said Board of Natural Resources shall consist of one member from each Congressional District in this State and one additional member from one of the following named counties towit Chatham Bryan Liberty McIntosh Glynn or Camden and four members from the State at Large The members in office on the effective date of this Constitution shall serve out the remainder of their respective terms Thereafter all succeeding appointments of members of the Board of Natural Resources shall be made by the Governor and confirmed by the Senate for a term of seven years from the expiration of the previous term except in case of an unexpired term Insofar as it is practicable the members of the Board shall be representative of all areas and functions encompassed within the Department of Natural Resources All members of the Board of
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Natural Resources shall hold office until their successors are appointed and qualified Vacancies in office shall be filled by appointment by the Governor and submitted to the Senate for confirmation at the next session of the General Assembly after the making of the appointment
The Board of Natural Resources shall have such powers authority duties and shall receive such compensation and expenses as may be delegated or provided for by the General Assembly
Section V
Veterans Service Board
Paragraph I Veterans Service Board How Composed Director There shall be a State Department of Veterans Service and Veterans Service Board composed of seven members who shall have such contrd duties powers and jurisdiction of the State Department of Veterans Service as shall be provided by law Said Board shall appoint a director who sha be the executive officer of the Department Members of the Board al be appointed by the Governor with the advice and consent of the Senate and all members of the Board and the Director shall be veterans of some war in wliich the United States has engaged
The members in office on the effective date of this Constitution shall senTJSSSBSaS of their respective terms Thereafter all terms and appointments except in case of vacancy shall be for seven years Vacancies shall be filled by appointment by the Governor
Section VI
State Personnel Board
Paragraph I State Personnel Board The State Personnel Board in existenfe on the effective date of this Constitution is hereby abolished and the terms of office of persons serving on said board are abolished There shall be a new nonsalaried State Personnel Board which shall oohev direction for a State Merit System of Personnel Administration
Undeyr said merit system State personnel shall be seleed ItatePermerit fitness and demonstrated ability according to law The State Per 3 Rnard shall be comprised of five citizens of this State of known tost nhe improvemeZof the quality of State government Members of the State Personnel Board shall be appointed by the Governor subjc SQBaiSBS Senate The first members shall be appointed for iermsofonewo three four and five years respectively the term to be
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designated by the Governor All subsequent appointments shall be for a period of five years except unexpired terms Service on the State Personnel Board shall be restricted to two consecutive terms provided that the completion of an unexpired term shall not be considered a term of service within the context of this twoterm limitation No State official or employee shall be a member of the State Personnel Board All members of the State Personnel Board shall hold office until their successors are appointed and qualified Vacancies in office shall be filled by appointment of the Governor and submitted to the Senate for confirmation at the next session of the General Assembly after the making of the appointment
Paragraph II Veterans Preference Any veteran who has served as a member of the armed forces of the United States during the period of a war or armed conflict in which any branch of the armed forces of the United States engaged whether under United States command or otherwise and was honorably discharged therefrom shall be given such veterans preference in any civil service program established in the State government or any political subdivision thereof as may be determined by appropriate action of the General Assembly
Provided however notwithstanding any such action by the General Assembly any veteran who has served as a member of the armed forces of the United States during the period of any war or the Korean Conflict and who was honorably discharged therefrom shall be entitled to and shall receive the following preference in taking a competitive examination for employment with the State government or any political subdivision thereof
a Such veteran who has at least a ten per centum service connected disability as rated and certified by the Veterans Administration shall be entitled to and shall have ten points added to his passing score on such examination and
b Any other such veteran shall be entitled to and shall have five points added to his passing score on such examination
Section VII
Board of Industry and Trade
Paragraph I Board of Industry and Trade There shall be a Department of Industry and Trade in lieu of and as successor to the Department of Community Development Wherever the words Department of Commun
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431
ity Development were used heretofore in any statute they shall be held and taken to mean the Department of Industry and Trade There shall be a Board of Industry and Trade in lieu of and as successor to the Board of Community Development Wherever the words Board of Community Development were used heretofore in any statute they shall be held and taken to mean the Board of Industry and Trade The Board shall be composed of twenty members two from each Congressional District in the State The Board shall be the policy determining body of the Department and shall have such duties powers authority and jurisdiction relating to the Department as shall be provided by law The members of the Board tn office on the effective date of this Constitution shall serve out the remainder of their respective terms and until their successors are duly elected and qualified as hereunder provided The successors to such members except in case of an appointment to fill a vacancy shall be for six years dating from April 1 of the beginning year of such term ihe Governor shall appoint all successors In the event a vacancy occurs on the Board the Governor shall appoint a person to serve the unexpired term In making appointments to the Board the Governor shall insure that there is representation from local governments and area planning and development commissions as provided by law The Board shall appoint a Commissioner who shall be the Executive Officer and Administrative Head of the Department
Paragraph II Powers In addition to such powers and duties as may from time to time be conferred upon the Board of Industry and Trade and the Department of Industry and Trade the Board of Industry and Trade shall be authorized to participate with any county municipality nonprofit organization or any combination thereof in the operation of any of the facilities operated by such agencies for the purpose encouraging and promoting tourism in this State notwithstanding any other provisions of this Constitution to the contrary
Section VIII
State Transportation Board
Paragraph I State Transportation Board Created There shall be a State Transportation Board composed of as many members as there are Congressional Districts in the State The member of the Board from each Congressional District shall be elected by a majority vote of the members of the House of Representatives and Senate whose respective districts are embraced or partly embraced within such Congressional District meeting in caucus All members shall be elected for terms of five Years each and until their successors are duly elected and qualified The members of the Board in office on the effective date of this Constitution shall serve the remainder of their respective terms The successors to such members
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as their respective terms expire shall be elected by the General Assembly as provided herein and pursuant to the provisions of law enacted or as may hereafter be enacted to implement this Paragraph The State Transportation Board shall elect a Commissioner of Transportation who shall be the Chief Executive Officer of the Department of Transportation The General Assembly shall define by law the powers duties qualifications and compensation of the Board and of the Commissioner and shall by law prescribe the manner time and procedure for the election of members of the Board and the manner of filling vacancies therein
Paragraph II Compliance with Federal Law In order to comply with Federal law providing for control of outdoor advertising and junk yards adjacent to the roads of the FederalAid Highway Systems
1 the State of Georgia acting by and through the Department of Transportation is authorized to acquire any interests in property for the purpose of removing or requiring the removal of outdoor advertising and for the purpose of screening or removing or requiring the removal or screening of junk yards adjacent to such roads said acquisition to be in accordance with provisions of law and of this Constitution relating to the acquiring of private property interests for such public road purposes and activities incident thereto and
2 the General Assembly may zone property adjacent to the public roads of such FederalAid Highway Systems for commercial or industrial purposes or in respect to the location of advertising signs displays or devices or in respect to the establishment removal or control of junk yards and may provide for rules and regulations governing advertising and junk yards adjacent to such roads
The General Assembly is authorized to provide for landscaping and roadside development within the rightsofway of the FederalAid Highway Systems and for the acquisition of interests in and improvement of strips of land necessary for the restoration preservation and enhancement of scenic beauty adjacent to such highways including acquisition and development of publicly owned and controlled rest and recreation areas and sanitary and other facilities within or adjacent to the rightsofway of the FederalAid Highway Systems
Paragraph III Jntermodal Transportation Funds The General Assembly is authorized notwithstanding any other provisions of this Constitution except those provisions relating to taxes on motor fuels to provide by
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law for the receipt administration and disbursement of funds from the United States of America to plan develop promote supervise support own operate or provide grants for safe and adequate transportation and services public and private including but not limited to air transportation railroads buses terminals waterways airports and port facilities and to exercise the powers of taxation and provide for the expenditure of public funds in connection therewith
Paragraph IV Construction of Statutes Wherever the words State Highway Board were used heretofore in any statute they shall be held and taken to mean the State Transportation Board Wherever the word Director was used heretofore in connection with the Department of Transportation or State Highway Department in any statute it shall be held and taken to mean Commissioner of Transportation Wherever the words State Highway Department or State Highway Department of Georgia were used heretofore in any statute they shall be held and taken to mean the Department of Transportation
ARTICLE V
EXECUTIVE BRANCH
Section I
Election of Governor and Lieutenant Governor
Paragraph I Governor Term of Office Compensation and Allowances The executive power shall be vested in a Governor who shall hold his office during the term of four years and until his successor shall be chosen and qualified The Govrnor serving on the effective date of this Constitution and future Governors shall be eligible to succeed themselves for one fouryear term In the event a Governor succeeds himself he shall not again be eligible to hold the office of Governor In the event a Governor does not succeed himself he shall not be eligible to hold the office of Governor until after the expiration of four years from the conclusion of his term The compensation and allowances of the Governor shall be as provided by law No Governor shall receive any emolument from the United States or either of them or from any foreign power
Paragraph II Election for Governor The first election for Governor under this Constitution shall be held on Tuesday after the first Monday
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LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
in November of 1978 and the Governorelect shall be installed in office at the next session of the General Assembly An election shall take place quadrennially thereafter on said date until another date be frxed by the General Assembly Said election shall be held at the places of holding general elections in the several counties of this State in the manner prescribed for the election of members of the General Assembly and the electors shall be the same
Paragraph III Transmission Canvassing and Publishing Election Returns The returns of each election district in a gubernatorial election shall be sealed up by the superintendent thereof separately from other returns and shall be transmitted to the Secretary of State On the Tuesday next following the general election unless the date therefor shall be changed by law the Secretary of State shall transmit said returns to a Constitutional Officers Election Board which shall be composed of the Speaker and Clerk of the House of Representatives the President Pro Tempore and the Secretary of the Senate and the chairman of each standing committee of the General Assembly Such Board shall open and publish the returns and the person having the majority of the whole number of votes shall be declared duly elected Governor of this State Each candidate for Governor shall be entitled to designate one person to be present at the opening of the returns
Paragraph IV Runoff Election In the event no gubernatorial candidate receives a majority of the whole number of votes cast in the general election the Constitutional Officers Election Board shall continue the gubernatorial election by immediately calling a runoff election and designate as candidates therein the two persons who received the highest number of votes who continue in life and have not declined to continue as a gubernatorial candidate This runoff election shall be held on the third Tuesday immediately following the general election unless the date thereof shall be changed by the General Assembly The runoff election shall be a continuation of the general election and only the electors who were entitled to vote in the general election shall be entitled to vote therein and only those votes cast for the two persons designated shall be counted in the tabulation and canvass of the votes cast The provisions relating to the transmission of the returns in the general election the opening of the returns their tabulation canvassing and publication shall apply to the runoff election On the Tuesday next following the runoff election the Constitutional Officers Election Board shall convene open canvass tabulate and publish the returns of the runoff election The person having the highest number of votes entitled to be counted in the runoff election shall be declared the duly elected Governor of this State
Paragraph V General Assembly may Provide Additional Procedures The General Assembly may provide by law for any additional procedures
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or requirements connected with any subject matter embraced within Paragraphs III and IV and in connection with any contested election provided such laws are not inconsistent with the provisions therein
Paragraph VI Lieutenant Governor There shall be a Lieutenant Governor who shall be elected at the same time for the same term and in the same manner as the Governor He shall be President of the Senate The compensation and allowances of the Lieutenant Governor shall be as provided by law
Paragraph VII Qualifications of Governor and Lieutenant Governor No person shall be eligible to the office of Governor or Lieutenant Governor who shall not have been a citizen of the United States fifteen years and a citizen of the State six years immediately preceding his election and who shall not have attained the age of thirty years when he assumes office
Paragraph VIII Succession to Executive Power In case of the death resignation or disability of the Governor or the GovernorElect the Lieutenant Governor or the Lieutenant GovernorElect upon becoming the Lieutenant Governor shall exercise the executive power and receive the compensation of the Governor until the next general election at which a successor to the Governor shall be elected for the unexpired term but if such death resignation or disability shall occur within thirty days of the next general election or if the term will expire within ninety days after the next general election the Lieutenant Governor shall exercise the executive power and receive the compensation of the Governor for the unexpired term If the Lieutenant Governor shall become a candidate for the unexpired term of the Governor he shall thereby resign his office as Lieutenant Governor effective upon the qualification of the Governor elected for the unexpired term and his successor for the unexpired term shall be elected at such election In case of the death resignation or disability of both the Governor and the Lieutenant Governor the Speaker of the House of Representatives shall exercise the executive power until the removal of the disability or the election and qualification of a Governor at a special election which shall be held within sixty days from the date pn which the Speaker of the House of Representatives shall assume the executive power
Paragraph IX Oath of Office The Governor shall before he enters on the duties of his office take the following oath or affirmation I do solemnly swear or affirm as the case may be that I will faithfully execute the office of Governor of the State of Georgia and will to the best of my ability preserve protect and defend the Constitution thereof and the Constitution of the United States of America
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Section IL
Duties and Powers of Governor
Js iIS
Paraeraoh II Reprieves and Pardons The Governor shall have Pwer to
8jBHBBB8si
fasts Si
servator of the peace throughout the State
tT uritr nf Election Called Sessions of the General As
If he Stae and recomd
fssgsjmvn
days in length unless at tne P of thg state Government in
wliicheventthGeneral Assembly will be authorized to remain in session until such trial shall have been completed
Provided however that when threefifths of the members elected to the
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 437
him within five days from the receipt of such certificate or certificates to convene said General Assembly in extraordinary session for all purposes and in the event said Governor shall within said time Sundays excluded fail or refuse to convene said General Assembly as aforesaid then and in that event said General Assembly may convene itself in extraordinary session as if convened in regular session for all purposes provided that such extraordinary selfconvened session shall be limited to a period of 30 days unless at the expiration of said period there shall be pending an impeachment trial of some officer of the State Government in which event the General Assembly shall be authorized to remain in session until such trial shall have been completed
The members of the General Assembly shall receive the same compensation and allowances during such extraordinary session as provided by law during a regular session
Paragraph IV Filling Vacancies When any office shall become vacant by death resignation or otherwise the Governor shall have power to fill such vacancy unless otherwise provided by law and persons so appointed shall continue in office until a successor is commissioned agreeably to the mode pointed out by this Constitution or by law in pursuance thereof
Paragraph V Appointments Rejected A person once rejected by the Senate shall not be reappointed by the Governor to the same office during the same session or the recess thereafter
Paragraph VI Governors veto The Governor shall have the revision of all bills passed by the General Assembly before the same shall become laws but twothirds of each House may pass a law notwithstanding his veto and if any bill should not be returned by the Governor within five days Sundays excepted after it has been presented to him the same shall be a law unless the General Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return in which event the Governor shall have thirty days Sundays excepted from the date of adjournment in which to approve the same and if not approved within that time the same shall become a law He may approve any appropriation and veto any other appropriation in the same bill and the latter shall not be effectual unless passed by twothirds of each House
Whenever such bill has been vetoed by the Governor it shall be the duty of the Governor to transmit such bill to the presiding officer of the Branch of the General Assembly in which it originated together with a list of reasons if any for such veto Such transmission shall be made within thirtyfive days Sundays excepted from the date of the adjournment of the Session of the General Assembly at which such bill was
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LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
passed Such bill may be considered by the Branch of the General Assembly in which it originated at any time within the first ten days of the next regular Session of the General Assembly for the purpose of overriding the action of the Governor In the event the action of the Governor is overridden by twothirds of the votes of such Branch of the General Assembly the same shall be immediately transmitted by the Secretary of or the Clerk of such Branch of the General Assembly to the other Branch of the General Assembly It shall be the duty of the presiding officer of such other Branch of the General Assembly upon receiving such Bill to dispense with all business that is then being considered and to then and there consider and act upon such Bill for the purpose of overriding the action of the Governor In the event the action of the Governor is overridden by twothirds of the votes of such Branch of the General Assembly such Bill shall become law In the event either Branch of the General Assembly should fail to override the Governors action on a Bill such Bill shall not again be presented to the General Assembly of Georgia for the purpose of overriding the action of the Governor In the event any bill is enacted into law pursuant to the terms of this paragraph the effective date of such bill shall be on the date that such bill was acted upon by the Branch of the General Assembly last acting upon such bill
Provided however that any bills that are vetoed by the Governor after the adjournment of the regular session of the General Assembly immediately preceding the general election in which the Governor is elected shall not be subject to be overridden by the next regular session of the General Assembly
Paragraph VII Governor to Approve Resolutions Etc Every vote resolution or order to which the concurrence of both houses may be necessary except on a question of election or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor and before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be repassed by twothirds of each house provided however that nothing contained in this Article shall be construed to confer on the Governor the right to veto or enter his disapproval of any proposal made by the General Assembly to amend this Constitution or to provide for a new Constitution
Paragraph VIII Information From Officers and Employees Suspension of Officers The Governor may require information in writing from Constitutional officers department heads and all State employees on any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices or employment The General Assembly shall have authority to provide by law for the suspension of any Constitutional officer or department head from the discharge of the duties of his office and also for the appointment of a suitable person to discharge the duties of the same
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Section III
Other Elected Executive Officers
Paragraph I Executive Officers How Elected The Secretary of State Attorney General State School Superintendent Comptroller General Commissioner of Agriculture and the Commissioner of Labor shall be elected by the persons qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly at the same time and in the same manner as the Governor The provisions of the Constitution as to the transmission tabulation and canvassing of the returns of the election runoff elections contested elections and declaration of the results of the election applicable to the election of Governor shall apply to the election of the abovenamed executive officers and they shall be commissioned by the Governor and hold their offices for the same time as the Governor In case of the death or withdrawal of a person having received a majority of the whole number of votes cast in an election for any of the abovenamed offices the Governor elected at such election upon becoming Governor shall have the power to fill such office by appointing subject to the confirmation of the Senate an individual to serve until the next general election at which time a successor shall be elected to serve out the unexpired term of office
Paragraph II Duties Authority and Compensation and Allowances of Other Executive Officers The General Assembly shall have power to prescribe the duties authority and compensation and allowances of the executive officers and to provide help and expenses necessary for the operation of the department of each
Paragraph III Profit From Use of Public Money No State official shall be allowed directly or indirectly to receive any fee interest or reward from any person bankor corporation for the deposit or use in any manner of the public funds and the General Assembly shall enforce this provision by suitable penalties
Paragraph IV Qualifications No person shall be eligible to the office of the Secretary of State Attorney General State School Superintendent Comptroller General Commissioner of Agriculture or Commissioner of Labor unless he shall have been a citizen of the United States for ten years shall have resided in this State for six years next preceding his election and shall be at least twentyfive years of age when elected All of said officers shall give bond and security under regulation to be prescribed by law for the faithful discharge of their duties
Paragraph V Fees and Perquisites Denied No State official named in Paragraph I of this Section shall be allowed any fee perquisite or
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440
h ES
government on business for the State
Paragraph VL Great Seal What sdepStecTiTthe office
to Instruments The great seal affixed to any instrument of
of the Secretary of State and
fMHlK uin
provided by law
Section IV
Disability of Executive Officers
Paragraph I Disability of ConMitmonal Executive Officer
vided in this Constitution W office because of a permanent
is unable to perform e duJes after hearing evidence including
physical or mental disabih y auaiified physicians in private practice
testimony from not less Jhanrg employed in any capacity by one of whom must be a Psycdtsl the Supreme Court of Georgia State federal or Executive Officers
upon a petition of any four eiectea successor to that office
sich office shell be declared laws enacted 1
shall be chosen as provided in this determined that the dis
pursuance thereof If upoIh suneme ourt shall determine when the ability is not 1 h 5SSr4nff the exercise of hts disability has ended and temporary disability the powers of such
powers During the Penod fnr3ed for by this Constitution or the office shall be exercised ass Usedy in this Section the term laws enacted in pursuance thereof the Governor the Lieu
elected constitutional executive officer he Attorney General the
tenant Governor the Secretary of General the Commissioner
State School Superintendent t e P b Tbe Supreme Court shall
of Agriculture and the public hearing including
3SSI mPrdaccusaioPn process for obatoms oraH thf assistance of Counsel
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ARTICLE VI
JUDICIARY
Section I
Courts Enumerated
Paragraph I Courts Enumerated The judicial powers of this State shall be vested in a Supreme Court a Court of Appeals Superior Courts Probate Courts Justices of the Peace Notaries Public who are exofficio Justices of the Peace and such other Courts as have been or may be established by law
Paragraph II Unified Judicial System For the purposes of administration all of the courts of the State shall be a part of one unified judicial system The administration of the unified judicial system shall be as provided by law As used herein administration does not include abolition or creation of courts selection of judges or jurisdictional provisions other than as otherwise authorized in this Constitution The administration provided herein shall only be performed by the unified judicial system itself and shall not be administered to or controlled by any other department of Government
Section II
Supreme Court and Court of Appeals
Paragraph I Supreme Court Justices Quorum The Supreme Court shall consist of seven associate justices who shall from time to time as they may deem proper elect one of their members as Chief Justice and one as Presiding Justice The Chief Justice so elected by the other Justices shall be the chief presiding and administrative officer of the court and the Presiding Justice elected in like manner shall perform all the duties devolving upon the Chief Justice when he is absent or disqualified A majority of the court shall constitute a quorum
Paragraph II Court to Designate Judges to Preside When When one or more of the Justices of the Supreme Court are disqualified from deciding any case by interest or otherwise the qualified Justices shall designate a judge or judges of the Superior Court to preside in said case provided that if all the justices are disqualified they or a majority
442 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Superior Court judges
I They S
hGeSamblyaTe oTlny KS
members of the Genera cUoii filled bv executive appointment
immmsm
the result to the Governor and commission shall issue accordingly
ISliifiiill
ew anddetermination with the same power and authority as if the
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
443
decide cases transferred to it by the Court of Appeals because of an e ual division between the judges of that Court when sitting as a body for the determination of cases
Paragraph V Cases How Disposed Of The Supreme Court and the Court of Appeals shall dispose of every case at the term for which it is entered on the courts docket for hearing as provided by Paragraph VIII of this Article and Section or at the next term If the plaintiff in error shall not be prepared to prosecute the case at the term for which it is so entered for hearing unless prevented by providential cause it shall be stricken from the docket and the judgment below shall gtand affirmed No writ of error shall be dismissed because of delay in transmission of the bill of exceptions and the copy of the record or either of them resulting from the default of the clerk or other cause unless it shall appear that the plaintiff in error of his counsel caused such delay Nothing herein shall be construed to excuse the clerk for any omission of duty or to relieve him of any liability resulting therefrom
Paragraph VI Judgments May Be Withheld In any case the Supreme Court or the Court of Appeals may in its discretion withhold its judgment until the next term after the same is argued
Paragraph VII The Supreme Court How Cases To Be Heard and Determined The Supreme Court shall have power to hear and determine cases when sitting in a body under such regulations as may be prescribed by it
Paragraph VIII Court of Appeals The Court of Appeals shall consist of not less than three Judges and of such additional Judges as the General Assembly shall from time to time prescribe The terms of the Judges of the Court of Appeals shall be for six years and until their successors are qualified The times and manner of electing Judges and the mode of filling a vacancy which causes an unexpired term shall be the same as are or may be provided for by the laws relating to the election and appointment of Justices of the Supreme Court The Court of Appeals shall have jurisdiction for the trial and correction of errors of law from the superior courts and from the City Courts of Atlanta and Savannah as they existed on August 19 1916 and such other like courts as have been or may hereafter be established in other cities in all cases in which such jurisdiction has not been conferred by this Constitution upon the Supreme Court and in such other cases as may now or hereafter be prescribed by law except that where a case is pending in the Court of Appeals and the Court of Appeals desires instruction from the Supreme Court it may certify the same to the Supreme Court
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444
f thp record shall be transmitted to the and thereupon a transcript of j t tue narties an opportunity
Supreme Court which after ftMSfSlS4hte Aufidrt to be heard thereon shall ruct the Court f App instruction
so certified and the Coma of oi equalSdivision of opinion among the
SO 8lven lry Surt no such instruction is given the C9urt
Justices of the Supreme iouri manner of certifying questions
of Appeals may decide the estion The er t ti y n to the Supreme Court by the Cor of Appeals ana Hgb
itistesff gs sggfflwSS
9 rwhrSSfiSe has
hereinbefore provided All writs of error gj h Court
Court of Appeals when eceved by clerk durmtghea ourt closed shall and before the docket oMhe of aeC em
be entered thereon and wnen recei y tand for hearing at the
on the docket of the next term and fig Court has
term for which they are so entered under The Cwr
or may hereafter prescribe unti sheriff of the court The reporter
of Appeals shall appoint a clerk a a shenff f h co f Appeais until of the Supreme Court tofee Court as otherwise provided by law JjJgSg the designation of other Judges
to qualifications and salaries of J 8 disqualified the powers
to preside when members of the Court are disqua gf cases
duties salaries fees and terms nrocedUre times of sitting and costs to the Court the and in
of the Court the publication gffl onstitution or
all other respects eep Appeals on the effective date of this
WM KgjS wise
Court of Appeals so far as they can be madeto g precedents of hkr and determine eases
uCsiSU in atxiepY Zy be otherwise provided by the General Assembly
is 1
Supreme Court
teenmdenadU M iudgmen orders decrees and adjudications rendered
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445
by any juvenile court and it shall further be the duty of the District Attorney of the judicial circuit within which the juvenile court or courts are located to represent the juvenile court on such appeals The time for filing such bill of exceptions and the procedure governing same shall be as now provided by law for appeals or as may hereafter be provided by law but in any case the Juvenile Judge may by order grant extensions of time for the filing of such bill of exceptions so as to afford opportunity for preparation of a brief or transcript of evidence in cases where such is required
Section III
Superior Courts
Paragraph I Terms Etc of Superior Court Judges There shall be not less than one judge of the Superior Courts for each judicial circuit whose term of office shall be for four years and until his successor is qualified He may act in other circuits when authorized by law The legislature shall have authority to add one or more additional judges of the superior court for any judicial circuit in this State and shall have authority to regulate the manner in which the judges of such circuits shall dispose of the business thereof and shall fix the time at which the term or terms of office of such additional judge or judges shall begin and the manner of his appointment or election and shall have authority from time to time to add to the number of such judges in any judicial circuit or to reduce the number of judges in any judicial circuit
Notwithstanding the provision of this Section providing for a term of four years for judges of the superior courts and notwithstanding any other provision of this Constitution the term of office of each of the Judges of the Superior Court of the Atlanta Judicial Circuit shall be for eight years and until his successor is qualified
Paragraph II Elections When to Be Held The successors to the present and subsequent incumbents shall be elected by the electors of the circuit wherein the superior court judge is to serve who are entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly at the general election held for such members next preceding the expiration of their respective terms
Paragraph III Terms Begin When The terms of the judges to be elected under the Constitution except to fill vacancies shall begin on the first day of January after their elections Every vacancy occasioned by death resignation or other causes shall be filled by appointments of the Governor until the first day of January after the general election
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held next after the expiration of thirty days from the time such vacancy occurs at which election a successor for the unexpired term shall be elected
Section IV
Jurisdiction
Paragraph I Exclusive Jurisdiction Except in Juvenile Cases The Superior Courts shall have exclusive jurisdiction in cases of divorce in criminal cases where the offender is subjected to loss of life or confinement in the penitentiary except in the case of juvenile offenders as provided by law in cases respecting titles to land and equity cases
Paragraph II Equity May Be Merged in Common Law Courts The General Assembly may confer upon the courts of common law all the powers heretofore exercised by courts of equity in this State
Paragraph III General Jurisdiction Said Courts shall have jurisdiction in all civil cases except as hereinafter provided
Paragraph IV Appellate Jurisdiction They shall have appellate jurisdiction in all cases as may be provided by law
Paragraph V Certiorari Mandamus Etc They shall have power to correct errors in inferior judicatories by writ of certiorari which shall only issue on the sanction of the Judge and said Courts and the judges thereof shall have power to issue writs of mandamus prohibition scire facias and all other writs that may be necessary for carrying their powers fully into effect and shall have such other powers as are or may be conferred on them by law
Paragraph VI New Trials The Superior State and City Courts may grant new trials on legal grounds
Paragraph VII Judgment of the Court The Court shah render judgment without the verdict of a jury in all civil cases except actions ex delicto where no issuable defense is filed except as otherwise provided in this Constitution and subject to the right of trial by a jury on written demand of either party
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Paragraph VIII Sessions The Superior courts shall sit in each county not less than twice in each year at such times as have been or may be appointed by law The judges of said courts may on reasonable notice to the parties at any time in vacation at chambers hear and determine by interlocutory or final judgment any matter or issue where a jury verdict is not required or may be waived
Paragraph IX Presiding Judge Disqualified The General Assembly may provide by law for the appointment of some proper person to preside in cases where the presiding judge is from any cause disqualified
Paragraph X Judges of Superior State and City Courts May Alternate When In any county within which there is or hereafter may be a City Court or a State Court the Judge of such a Court and the Judge of the Superior Court may preside in the Courts of each other in cases where the judge of either Court is disqualified to preside
Section V
State Court of Claims
Paragraph I State Court of Claims jurisdiction appeals The General Assembly is hereby authorized to create and establish a State Court of Claims with jurisdiction to try and dispose of cases involving claims for injury or damage except the taking of private property for public purposes against the State of Georgia its agencies or political subdivisions as the General Assembly may provide by law Notwithstanding any other provision of this Constitution the General Assembly may provide for exclusive jurisdiction over such cases in the State Court of Claims provide for trial of such cases without a jury and prescribe the place and manner in which such cases may be brought and tried The Supreme Court and the Court of Appeals shall have original jurisdiction to try and correct errors of law from such State Court of Claims according to the method of appeal to said courts now provided for or as may hereafter be provided by law Nothing contained herein shall constitute a waiver of the immunity of the State from suit but such sovereign immunity is expressly reserved except to the extent of any waiver of immunity provided in this Constitution and such waiver or qualification of immunity as is now or may hereafter be provided by act of the General Assembly
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Section VI
Probate Court
Paragraph I Probate Court Judge of Probate Court Appeals The powers of a court of probate shall be vested in the Probate Court and the Judge of the Probate Court for each county from whose decisions there may be an appeal or by consent of the parties without a decision to the Superior Court under regulations prescribed by law
Paragraph II Powers a The Probate Courts shall have such powers in relation to roads bridges ferries public buildings paupers county officers county funds county taxes and other county matters as may be conferred on them by law
b The Probate Courts shall have jurisdiction to issue warrants try cases and impose sentences thereon in all misdemeanor cases arising under the traffic laws of the State and in all cases arising under the Compulsory School Attendance Law in all counties of this State in which there is no State court provided the defendant waives a jury trial Like jurisdiction is also conferred upon the judges of the police courts of incorporated cities and municipal court judges for offenses arising under the traffic laws of the State within their respective jurisdictions
Paragraph III Term of Office The Judge of the Probate Court shall hold his office for a term of four years and until his successor is elected and qualified
Paragraph IV Construction Wherever the words Ordinary or Ordinaries or the words Court of Ordinary or Courts of Ordinary appear in any statutes of this State and such words refer to the county officer heretofore known and designated as the Ordinary or the court heretofore known and designated as the Court of Ordinary such words are hereby stricken and the words Judge of the Probate Court or Judges of the Probate Courts or the words Probate Court or Probate Courts respectively are hereby inserted in lieu of such stricken words The changing of the name of the Ordinary and the Court of Ordinary to Judge of the Probate Court and Probate Court respectively shall not affect the status of any matter pending before any such officer or any such court on January 1 1975 and any such matter may be continued or disposed of by the Judge of the Probate Court or by the Probate Court as the case may be
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Section VII
Justices of the Peace
Paragraph I Number and Term of office Unless it has been otherwise provided by the General Assembly there shall be in each militia district one justice of the peace whose official term except when elected to fill an unexpired term shall be for four years Provided however that the General Assembly may in its discretion abolish justice courts and the office of justice of the peace and of notary public exofficio justice of the peace in any city of this State having a population of over twenty thousand and establish in lieu thereof such court or courts or system of courts as the General Assembly may in its discretion deem necessary conferring upon such new court or courts or system of courts when so established the jurisdiction as to subject matter now exercised by justice courts and by justices of the peace and notaries public exofficio justices of the peace together with such additional jurisdiction either as to amount or subject matter as may be provided by law whereof some other court has not exclusive jurisdiction under this Constitution together with such provision as to rules and procedure in such courts and as to new trials and the correction of errors in and by said courts and with such further provision for the correction of errors by the Superior Court or Court of Appeals or the Supreme Court as the General Assembly may from time to time in its discretion provide or authorize Any court so established shall not be subject to the rules of uniformity laid down in Paragraph I of Section IX of Article VI of the Constitution of Georgia Provided however that the General Assembly may in its discretion abolish justice courts and the office of justice of the peace and notary public exofficio justice of the peace in any county in this State having within its borders a city having a population of over twenty thousand and as well in the County of Glynn and establish in lieu thereof such court or courts or system of courts as the General Assembly may in its discretion deem necessary or conferring upon existing courts by extension of their jurisdiction as to subject matter now exercised by justice courts and by justices of the peace and notaries public exofficio justices of the peace together with such additional jurisdiction either as to amount or to subject matter as may be provided by law whereof some other court has not exclusive jurisdiction under this Constitution together also with such provisions as to rules and procedure in such courts and as to new trials and the correction of errors in and by said courts and with such further provision for the correction of errors by the Superior Court or the Court of Appeals or the Supreme Court as the General Assembly may from time to time in its discretion provide or authorize The civil court of Fulton County shall have jurisdiction in Fulton County and outside the city limits of Atlanta either concurrently with or supplemental to or in lieu of justice courts as may be now or hereafter provided by law Any court so established shall not be subject to the rules of uniformity laid down in Paragraph I of Section IX of Article VI of the Constitution of Georgia
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Paragraph II Jurisdiction Justices of the peace shall have jurisdiction in all civil cases arising ex contractu and in cases of injury or damage to and conversion of personal property when the principal sum does not exceed two hundred dollars and shall sit monthly at fixed times and places but in all cases there may be an appeal to a jury in said court or an appeal to the Superior Court under such regulations as may be prescribed by law
Paragraph III Elections and Commissions Justices of the peace shall be elected by the legal voters in their respective districts and shall be commissioned by the Governor They shall be removable on conviction for malpractice in office
Section VIII
Notaries Public
Paragraph I Appointment Number Term Removal Commissioned notaries public not to exceed one for each militia district may be appointed by the judges of the superior courts in their respective circuits upon recommendation of the grand juries of the several counties They shall be commissioned by the Governor for the term of four years and shall be exofficio justices of the peace and shall be removable on conviction for malpractice in office
Section IX
Uniformity of Courts
Paragraph I Uniformity Provided For Except as otherwise provided in this Constitution the jurisdiction powers proceedings and practice of all courts or officers invested with judicial powers except State Courts and City Courts of the same grade or class so far as regulated by law and the force and effect of the process judgment and decree by such courts severally shall be uniform This uniformity must be established by the General Assembly and in case of State Courts and City Courts may be established by the General Assembly
Section X
Attorney General
Paragraph I Election term of office There shall be an Attorney General of this State who shall be elected by the people at the same time for the same term and in the same manner as the Governor
Paragraph II Duties It shall be the duty of the Attorney General to act as the legal advisor of the Executive Department to represent the
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State in the Supreme Court in all capital felonies and in all civil and criminal cases in any court when required by the Governor and to perform such other services as shall be required of him by law
Section XI
District Attorneys
Paragraph I Number term of office vacancies There shall be a district attorney for each judicial circuit whose official term except to fill a vacancy shall be four years The successors of present and subsequent incumbents shall be elected by the electors of the circuit wherein the district attorney is to serve who are qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly at the general election held next preceding the expiration of their respective terms Every vacancy occasioned by death resignation or other cause shall be filled by appointment of the Governor until the first day of January after the general election held next after the expiration of 30 days from the time such vacancy occurs at which election a successor for the unexpired term shall be elected
Paragraph II Duties It shall be the duty of the district attorney to represent the State in all cases in the superior court of his circuit and in all cases taken up from the superior courts of his circuit to the Supreme Court and Court of Appeals and to perform such other services as shall be required of him by law
Paragraph III Construction Wherever the words solicitor general were used heretofore in any statute when such words were used to refer to the office of the district attorney provided for in this Section they shall be held and taken to mean the district attorney
Section XII
Salaries of Justices Judges and District Attorneys
Paragraph I Compensation and Allowances of Justices Judges and District Attorneys The Justices of the Supreme Court the Judges of the Court of Appeals the Judges of the Superior Courts and the District Attorneys shall receive such compensation and allowances as provided by law The General Assembly may authorize any county to supplement the compensation and allowances of a judge of the Superior Court and District Attorney of the Judicial Circuit in which such county lies out of county funds Provided however where such compensation and allowances are on the effective date of this Constitution being supplemented out of county funds under existing laws such laws shall remain in force until altered by
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the General Assembly Provided further that the Board of County Commissioners of Richmond County or the Judge of the Probate Court or such other board or person as may from time to time have charge of the fiscal affairs of said county shall without further legislative action continue to supplement from said Countys treasury the compensation and allowances of the Judge of Superior Court of the circuit of which the said County of Richmond is a part by the sum of Two Thousand 2000 Dollars per annum which shall be in addition to the amount received by said judge out of the State treasury and such payments are declared to be a part of the court expenses of said County and such payment shall be made to the judge now in office during his present or subsequent terms as well as to his successors with the authority in the General Assembly to increase such compensation and allowances from the County treasury as above provided
Paragraph II Power to Abolish or Reinstate Fees of District Attorney The General Assembly shall have power at any time by law to abolish the fees accruing to the office of district attorney in any particular judicial circuit and in lieu thereof to prescribe compensation and allowances for such office without regard to the uniformity of such compensation or allowances in the various circuits and shall have the further power to determine what disposition shall be made of the fines forfeitures and fees accruing to the office of district attorney in any such judicial circuit where the fees are abolished and likewise shall have the further power if it so desires to abolish such compensation and allowances and reestablish such fees but in either event when so changed the change shall not become effective until the end of the term to which the district attorney was elected
Section XIII
Qualifications of Justices Judges Etc
Paragraph I Age Citizenship Practice of Law No person shall be a Justice of the Supreme Court a Judge of the Court of Appeals or a Judge of Superior Courts unless at the time of his election he shall have attained the age of thirty years and shall have been a citizen of the State three years and have practiced law for seven years No person shall be Attorney General unless at the time of his election he shall have attained the age of twentyfive years and shall have been a citizen of the State for six years next preceding his election and have practiced law for seven years No person shall be a district attorney unless at the time of his election he shall have attained twentyfive years of age shall have been a citizen of the State for three years and shall have practiced law for three years next preceding his election
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Paragraph II Emeritus Justices and Judges Preside Chief Justices Emeritus and Justices Emeritus of the Supreme Court Judges Emeritus of the Court of Appeals and Judges Emeritus of the Superior Courts shall be eligible to preside in or over the Supreme Court of Georgia the Court of Appeals of Georgia and the Superior Courts of this State The General Assembly shall prescribe the method or manner in which they may be called upon for temporary service
Paragraph III Discipline Removal and Involuntary Retirement a Judicial Qualifications Commission There shall be a Judicial Qualifications Commission It shall consist of seven members as follows i two judges of any court of record each selected by the Supreme Court ii three members of the State Bar who shall have practiced law in this State for at least ten years and who shall be elected by the Board of Governors of the State Bar and iii two citizens neither of whom shall be a member of the State Bar who shall be appointed by the Governor The members in office on the effective date of this Constitution shall serve out the remainder of their respective terms and until their successors are elected or appointed and have qualified Thereafter all members shall serve for terms of four years each and until their successors are elected or appointed and have qualified Whenever any member ceases to hold the office or to possess the qualifications which entitled him to be appointed a member his membership shall terminate and the appointing authority shall select his successor for the unexpired term No member of the Commission shall receive any compensation for his services but shall be allowed his necessary expenses for travel board and lodging incurred in the performance of his duties No member of the Commission except the Judges shall hold any other public office or be eligible for appointment to a State judicial office so long as he is a member of the Commission No member shall hold office in any political party or organization No act of the Commission shall be valid unless concurred in by a majority of its members The Commission shall select one of its members to serve as chairman
b Procedure and Grounds A justice or judge of any court of this State in accordance with the procedure prescribed in this Paragraph may be removed or otherwise disciplined for willful misconduct in office or willful and persistent failure to perform his duties or habitual intemperance or for conduct prejudicial to the administration of justice which brings the judicial office into disrepute or he may be retired for disability seriously interfering with the performance of his duties which is or is likely to become of a permanent character The Commission may after such investigation as it deems necessary order a hearing to be held before it concerning the removal or retirement of a justice or a judge
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or the Commission may in its discretion request the Supreme Court to appoint a special master to hear and take evidence in the matter and to report thereon to the Commission If after hearing or after considering the record and report of the master the Commission finds good cause therefor it shall recommend to the Supreme Court the removal other discipline or retirement as the case may be of the justice or judge
The Supreme Court shall review the record of the proceedings on the law and facts and in its discretion may permit the introduction of additional evidence and shall order removal other discipline or retirement as it finds just and proper or wholly reject the recommendation Upon an order for retirement the justice or judge shall thereby be retired with the same rights and privileges as if he retired pursuant to statute Upon an order for removal the justice or judge shall thereby be removed from office and his compensation and allowances shall cease from the date of the order
The Supreme Court shall prescribe rules governing privilege confidentiality and practice and procedure in all proceedings brought hereunder A justice or judge who is a member of the Commission or Supreme Court shall not participate in any proceedings involving his own removal other discipline or retirement
Section XIV
Venue
Paragraph 1 Divorce Case Divorce cases shall be brought in the county where the defendant resides if a resident of this State if the defendant be not a resident of this State then in the county in which the plaintiff resides provided that any person who has been a resident of any United States Army Post or military reservation within the State of Georgia for one year next preceding the filing of the petition may bring an action for divorce in any county adjacent to said United States Army Post or military reservation
Paragraph II Land Titles Cases respecting titles to land shall be tried in the county where the land lies except where a single tract is divided by a county line in which case the Superior Court of either county shall have jurisdiction
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Paragraph III Equity Cases Equity cases shall be tried in the county where a defendant resides against whom substantial relief is prayed
Paragraph IV Suits Against Joint Obligors Copartners Etc Suits against joint obligors joint promissors copartners or joint trespassers residing in different counties may be tried in either county
Paragraph V Suits Against Maker Endorser Etc Suits against the maker and endorser of promissory notes or drawer acceptor and endorser of foreign or inland bills of exchange or like instruments residing in different counties shall be brought in the county where the maker or acceptor resides
Paragraph VI All Other Cases All other civil cases shall be tried in the county where the defendant resides and all criminal cases shall be tried in the county where the crime was committed except cases in the Superior Courts where the Judge is satisfied that an impartial jury cannot be obtained in such county
Paragraph VII Power to Change Venue The power to change the venue in civil and criminal cases shall be vested in the Superior Courts to be exercised in such manner as has been or shall be provided by law
Section XV
Jury Trial
Paragraph I Right of Trial By Jury The right of trial by jury except where it is otherwise provided in this Constitution shall remain inviolate but the General Assembly may prescribe any number not less than five to constitute a trial or traverse jury except in the superior court
Paragraph II Selection of Jurors The General Assembly shall provide by law for the selection of the most experienced intelligent and upright men to serve as grand jurors and intelligent and upright men to serve as traverse jurors Nevertheless the grand jurors shall be competent to serve as traverse jurors The General Assembly shall have the power to require jury service of women also under such regulations as the General Assembly may prescribe
Paragraph III Compensation of Jurors It shall be the duty of the General Assembly by general laws to prescribe the manner of fixing compensation of jurors in all counties in this State
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Section XVI
What Courts May Be Abolished
Paragraph I Power to Abolish Courts All courts not specially mentioned by name in the first Section of this Article may be abolished in any county at the discretion of the General Assembly
Paragraph II Suprernc Court Cost Pauper Oath The cost in the Supreme Court and Court of Appeals shall be as provided by law Plaintiffs in error shall not be required to pay costs in said courts when the usual pauper oath is filed in the court below
ARTICLE VII
TAXATION Section I
Power of Taxation
Paragraph I Taxation a Sovereign Right The right of taxation is a sovereign rightinalienable indestructibleis the life of the State and rightfully belongs to the people in all republican governments and neither the General Assembly nor any nor all other departments of the Government established by this Constitution shall ever have the authority to irrevocably give grant limit or restrain this right and all laws grants contracts and all other acts whatsoever by said government or any department thereof to affect any of these purposes shall be and are hereby declared to be null and void for every purpose whatsoever and said right of taxation shall always be under the complete control of and revocable by the State notwithstanding any gift grant or contract whatsoever by the General Assembly
The power to tax corporations and corporate property shall not be surrendered or suspended by any contract or grant to which the State shall be a party
Paragraph II Taxing Power Limited The levy of taxes on property for any one year by the General Assembly for all purposes except to provide for repelling invasions suppressing insurrections or defending the State in time of war shall not exceed onefourth 14 mill on each dollar of the value of the property taxable in the State provided however that until some other method permitted by the laws of the United States for the taxation of national banking associations or corporations is enacted by the
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General Assembly for the taxation of the shares of stock of banking corporations and other monied capital coming into competition with such banking corporations such property may be taxed at a rate not exceeding five 5 mills on each dollar of the value thereof
Paragraph III Uniformity Classification of Property All taxes shall be levied and collected under general laws and for public purposes only All taxation shall be uniform upon the same class of subjects within the territorial limits of the authority levying the tax Classes of subjects for taxation of property shall consist of tangible property and one or more classes of intangible personal property including money The General Assembly shall have the power to classify property including money for taxation and to adopt different rates and different methods for different classes of such property
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Paragraph the General Assembly shall be authorized to enact legislation treating any and all motor vehicles including trailers as a separate class from other classes of tangible property for ad valorem property tax purposes and to adopt different rates methods or assessment dates for the taxation of such property and to enact legislation consistent herewith to prevent any person firm or corporation from escaping payment of their fair share of ad valorem taxes on said motor vehicles
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this paragraph the General Assembly shall be authorized to enact legislation treating any and all mobile homes other than those mobile homes which qualify the owner thereof for the homestead property tax exemption under Georgia law as a separate class of property from other classes of tangible property for ad valorem tax purposes and to adopt different rates methods or assessment dates for the taxation of such property and to enact legislation consistent herewith to prevent any person firm or corporation from escaping payment of their fair share of ad valorem taxes on said mobile homes
The General Assembly may provide for a different method and time of returns assessments payment and collection of ad valorem taxes of public utilities but not a greater basis of value or at a higher rate of taxation than other properties
Paragraph IV Exemptions From Taxation The General Assembly may by law exempt from taxation all public property places of religious
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worship or burial and all property owned by religious groups used only for residential purposes and from which no income is derived all institutions of purely public charity all intangible personal property owned by or irrevocably held in trust for the exclusive benefit of religious educational and charitable institutions no part of the net profit from the operation of which can inure to the benefit of any private person all buildings erected for and used as a college incorporated academy or other seminary of learning and also all funds or property held or used as endowment by such colleges incorporated academies or seminaries of learning provided the same is not invested in real estate and provided further that said exemptions shall only apply to such colleges incorporated academies or other seminaries of learning as are open to the general public the real and personal estate of any public library and that of any other literary association used by or connected with such library all books and philosophical apparatus and all paintings and statuary of any company or association kept in a public hall and not held as merchandise or for purposes of sale or gain provided the property so exempted be not used for the purpose of private or corporate profit and income distributabl to shareholders in corporations owning such property or to other owners of such property and any income from such property is used exclusively for religious educational and charitable purposes or for either one or more of such purposes and for the purpose of maintaining and operating such institution this exemption shall not apply to real estate or buildings other than those used for the operation of such institution and which is rented leased or otherwise used for the primary purpose of securing an income thereon and also provided that such donations of property shall not be predicated upon an agreement contract or otherwise that the donor or donors shall receive or retain any part of the net or gross income of the property The General Assembly shall further have power to exempt from taxation farm products including baled cotton grown in this State and remaining in the hands of the producer but not longer than for the year next after their production
The General Assembly is hereby authorized to provide by law that all personal clothing and effects household furniture furnishings equipment appliances and other personal property used within the home if not held for sale rental or other commercial use shall be exempt from all ad valorem taxation The General Assembly is further authorized to provide by law that all tools and implements of trade of manual laborers and domestic animals shall be exempt from State county municipal and school district ad valorem taxes in an amount not to exceed 30000 in actual value
The homestead of each resident of Georgia actually occupied by the owner as a residence and homestead and only so long as actually occupied
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by the owner primarily as such but not to exceed 200000 of its value is hereby exempted from all ad valorem taxation for State County and school purposes except taxes levied by municipalities for school purposes and except to pay interest on and retire bonded indebtedness provided however should the owner of a dwelling house on a farm who is already entitled to homestead exemption participate in the program of rural housing and obtain a new house under contract with the local housing authority he shall be entitled to receive the same homestead exemption as allowed before making such contract The General Assembly may from time to time lower said exemption to not less than 125000 The value of all property in excess of the foregoing exemptions shall remain subject to taxation Said exemptions shall be returned and claimed in such manner as prescribed by the General Assembly The exemption herein provided for shall not apply to taxes levied by municipalities
There shall be exempt from all ad valorem intangible taxes in this State the common voting stock of a subsidiary corporation not doing business in this State if at least ninety per cent of such common voting stock is owned by a Georgia corporation with its principal place of business located in this State and was acquired or is held for the purpose of enabling the parent company to carry on some part of its established line of business through such subsidiary
The legislature may exempt from taxation intangible personal property owned by a trust forming a part of a pension profit sharing or stock bonus plan if such trust is exempt from Federal income tax under Section 401a of the Federal Internal Revenue Code Existing laws exempting such property from taxation are hereby ratified
Each disabled veteran as hereinafter defined who is a citizen and resident of Georgia is hereby granted an exemption of 1250000 on his homestead which he owns and which he actually occupies as a residence and homestead such exemption being from all ad valorem taxation for State county municipal and school purposes The value of all property in excess of the above exempted amount shall remain subject to taxation The term disabled veteran as used herein means a disabled American veteran of any war or armed conflict in which any branch of the armed forces of the United States engaged whether under United States command or otherwise and who is disabled as a result of such service in the armed forces due to loss or loss of use of both lower extremities such as to preclude locomotion without the aid of braces crutches canes or a wheel chair or blindness in both eyes having only light perception plus loss or loss of use of one lower extremity or due to the loss or loss of use of one lower extremity together with residuals of organic disease or injury which so affect the functions of balance or propulsion as to preclude locomotion without resort to a wheelchair
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Each person who is sixtyfive 65 years of age or over is hereby granted an exemption from all State and county ad valorem taxes in the amount of 400000 on a homestead owned and occupied by him as a residence if his net income together with the net income of his spouse who also occupies and resides at such homestead as net income is defined by Georgia law from all sources except as hereinafter provided does not exceed 400000 for the immediately preceding taxable year for income tax purposes For the purposes of this paragraph net income shall not include income received as retirement survivor or disability benefits under the Federal Social Security Act or under any other public or private retirement disability or pension system except such income which is in excess of the maximum amount authorized to be paid to an individual and his spouse under the Federal Social Security Act and income from such sources in excess of such maximum amount shall be included as net income for the purposes of this paragraph The value of the residence in excess of the above exempted amount shall remain subject to taxation Any such owner shall not receive the benefits of such homestead exemption unless he or through his agent files an affidavit with the tax commissioner or tax receiver of the county in which he resides giving his age and the amount of income which he and his spouse received during the last taxable year for income tax purposes and such additional information relative to receiving the benefits of such exemption as will enable the tax commissioner or tax receiver to make a determination as to whether such owner is entitled to such exemption The tax commissioner or tax receiver shall provide affidavit forms for this purpose Such applications shall be processed in the same manner as other applications for homestead exemption and the provisions of law applicable to the processing of homestead exemptions as the same now exists or may hereafter be amended shall apply thereto Provided that after any such owner has filed the proper affidavit as provided above and has been allowed the exemption provided herein it shall not be necessary that he make application and file the said affidavit thereafter for any year and the said exemption shall continue to be allowed to such owner It shall be the duty of any such owner however to notify the tax commissioner or tax receiver in the event he becomes ineligible for any reason for the exemption provided in this paragraph The General Assembly may provide by law for the proper administration of this exemption including penalties necessary therefor The increased exemption provided for herein shall apply to all taxable years beginning after December 31 1974
The General Assembly shall have the authority to provide for the exemption from any and all taxation any facilities which shall be installed or constructed for the primary purpose of eliminating or reducing air or water pollution The General Assembly is further authorized to provide for the manner in which such exemptions shall be granted and to prescribe the prerequisites which shall be required to be met before any such exemption
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shall be granted including the designation of any appropriate State agency or organization to which the General Assembly shall be authorized to delegate any and all powers necessary and appropriate to carry out the purposes and responsibilities of this paragraph
The governing authority of any county or municipality may exempt from ad valorem taxation including all such taxes levied for State county municipal or school purposes all of the value of certain tangible property used in a solar energy heating or cooling system and all the value of certain tangible property consisting only of machinery and equipment directly used in the manufacture of solar energy heating or cooling systems For the purposes of this subparagraph solar energy heating or cooling systems shall mean and include all controls tanks pumps heat exchangers and other equipment used directly and exclusively for the conversion of solar energy for heating or cooling but shall not include walls roofs or equipment that would ordinarily be contained in a similar structure not designed or modified to use solar energy for heating or cooling For the purposes of this exemption the term heating shall also mean and include water heating and drying This subparagraph shall be repealed and shall be null and void effective July 1 1986
The exemptions granted to the homestead within this Paragraph shall extend to and shall apply to those properties the legal title to which is vested in one or more title holders if actually occupied by one or more such owners as a residence In such instances such exemptions shall be granted to such properties if claimed in the manner herein provided by one or more of the owners actually residing on such property Such exemptions shall also extend to those homesteads the title to which is vested in an administrator executor or trustee if one or more of the heirs or cestui que uses residing on such property shall claim the exemptions granted by this Paragraph in the manner herein provided
The General Assembly shall be authorized to exempt from ad valorem taxation property of nonprofit hospitals used in connection with their operation provided that such hospitals have no stockholders and no income or profit which is distributed to or for the benefit of any private person and are subject to the laws of Georgia regulating nonprofit or charitable corporations
The General Assembly shall be authorized to exempt from ad valorem taxation property of nonprofit homes for the aged used in connection with their operation provided that such homes for the aged have no stockholders and no income or profit which is distributed to or for the benefit of any private person and are qualified as exempt organizations
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under the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1954 Section 501 as amended and are subject to the laws of Georgia regulating nonprofit and charitable corporations
Each disabled veteran as hereinafter defined who is a citizen and resident of Georgia is hereby granted an exemption from all ad valorem taxes on the vehicle which he owns and on which he actually places the free HV vehicle license plates he receives from the State of Georgia such exemption being from all ad valorem taxation for State county municipal and school purposes The term disabled veteran as used herein means any veteran who was discharged under other than dishonorable conditions and who served on active duty of the Armed Forces of the United States or on active duty in a reserve component of the United States including the National Guard and who is receiving or who is entitled to receive a statutory award from the Veterans Administration for
1 Loss or permanent loss of use of one or both feet
2 Loss or permanent loss of use of one or both hands
3 Loss of sight in one or both eyes
4 Permanent impairment of vision of both eyes of the following status Central visual acuity of 20200 or less in the better eye with corrective glasses or central visual acuity of more than 20200 if there is a field defect in which the peripheral field has contracted to such an extent that the widest diameter of visual field subtends on angular distance no greater than twenty degrees in the better eye
The homestead of each resident of each independent school district who is 62 years of age or over and who does not have an income from all sources including the income from all sources of all members of the family residing within said homestead exceeding 600000 per annum may be exempt by law from all ad valorem taxation for educational purposes levied for and in behalf of such school system No such exemption shall be granted unless an affidavit of the owner of the homestead is filed with the governing authority of his city or with a person designated by the governing authority of such city giving his age the amount of income which he received for the immediately preceding calendar year the income which the members of his family residing within the homestead received for such period and such other additional information relative to receiving the benefits of the exemption granted by this paragraph as will enable the governing authority of such city or the person designated by the governing authority of such city to make a determination as to whether such owner is entitled to said exemption The governing authority of the city or the person designated by the said governing
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authority shall provide affidavit forms for this purpose The exemption granted to the homestead within this paragraph shall extend to and shall apply to those properties the legal title to which is vested in one or more title holders if actually occupied by one or more such owners as a residence and one or more such title holders possesses the qualifications provided for in this paragraph In such instances such exemptions shall be granted to such properties if claimed in the manner herein provided by one or more of the owners actually residing on such property Sucn exemptions shall also extend to those homesteads the title to which is vested in an administrator executor or trustee if one or more of the heirs or cestui que uses residing on such property shall possess the qualifications provided for herein and shall claim the exemptions granted by this paragraph in the manner herein provided The exemption provided for herein shall apply to all taxable years beginning after December 31 1972
The homestead of each resident of each county school district who is 62 years of age or over and who does not have an income from all sources including the income of all members of the family residing within said homestead exceeding 600000 per annum may be exempt by law froni all ad valorem taxation for educational purposes levied for and in behalf of such school system including taxes to retire school bond indebtedness No such exemption shall be granted unless an affidavit of the owner of the homestead is filed with the Tax Receiver or Tax Commissioner of his county giving his age the amount of income which he received for the immediately preceding calendar year the income which the members of his family residing within the homestead received for such period and such other additional information relative to receiving the benefits of the exemption granted by this paragraph as will enable the Tax Receiver or Tax Commissioner to make a determination as to whether such owner is entitled to said exemption The Tax Receiver or Tax Commissioner shall provide affidavit forms for this purpose The exemption granted to the homestead within this paragraph shall extend to and shall apply to those properties the legal title to which is vested in one or more title holders if actually occupied by one or more such owners as a residence and one or more such title holders possesses the qualifications provided for in this paragraph In such instances such exemptions shall be granted to such properties if claimed in the manner herein provided by one or more of the owners actually residing on such property Such exemptions shall akn extend to those homesteads the title to which is vested in an administrator executor or trustee if one or more of the heirs or cestui que uses residing on such property shall possess the qualifications provided for herein and shall claim the exemptions granted by this paragraph in the manner herein provided The exemption provided for herein shall apply to all taxable years beginning after December 31 1972
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In order to encourage and enhance overall economic development increase employment promote agribusiness and to provide incentives for the location of new and expanding manufacturing and processing facilities harvested agricultural products which have a plantingtoharvest cycle of 12 months or less which are customarily cured and aged for a period in excess of one year after harvesting and before manufacturing and which are held in this State for manufacturing or processing purposes shall be exempt from all ad valorem taxation
The governing authority of any county or municipality may subject to the approval of the electors of such political subdivision exempt from ad valorem taxation including all such taxes levied for educational purposes and for State purposes all or any combination of the following types of tangible personal property
1 Inventory of goods in the process of manufacture or production which shall include all partly finished goods and raw materials held for direct use or consumption in the ordinary course of the taxpayers manufacturing or production business in the State of Georgia The exemption provided for herein shall apply only to tangible personal property which is substantially modified altered or changed in the ordinary course of the taxpayers manufacturing processing or production operations in this State
2 Inventory of finished goods manufactured or produced within the State of Georgia in the ordinary course of the taxpayers manufacturing or production business when held by the original manufacturer or producer of such finished goods The exemption provided for herein shall be for a period not exceeding twelve 12 months from the date such property is produced or manufactured
3 Inventory of finished goods which on the first day of January are stored in a warehouse dock or wharf whether public or private and which are destined for shipment to a final destination outside the State of Georgia and inventory of finished goods which are shipped into the State of Georgia from outside this State and stored for transshipment to a final destination outside this State The exemption provided for herein shall be for a period not exceeding twelve 12 months from the date such property is stored in this State All property that is claimed to be exempt under the provisions of this subsection shall be designated as being in transit upon the official books and records of the warehouse dock or wharf whether public or private where such property is being stored Such official books and records shall contain a full true and accurate inventory of all such property including the date of the receipt of the property the date of the withdrawal of the property the point of origin of the property and the point of final destination of the same if known
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The official books and records of any such warehouse dock or wharf whether public or private pertaining to any such in transit property shall be at all times open to the inspection of all taxing authorities of this State and of any political subdivision of this State
As used in this Paragraph the following words terms and phrases are defined as follows
a Finished Goods shall mean goods wares and merchandise of every character and kind but shall not include unrecovered unextracted or unsevered natural resources or raw materials or goods in the process of manufacture or production or the stockintrade of a retailer
b Raw Materials shall mean any material whether crude or processed that can be converted by manufacture processing or combination into a new and useful product but shall not include unrecovered unextracted or unsevered natural resources
Whenever the governing authority of any county or municipality wishes to exempt such tangible property from ad valorem taxation as provided herein the governing authority thereof shall notify the election superintendent of such political subdivision and it shall be the duty of said election superintendent to issue the call for an election for the purpose of submitting to the electors of the political subdivision the question of whether such exemption shall be granted The referendum ballot shall specify as separate questions the type or types of property as defined herein which are being proposed to be exempted from taxation The election superintendent shall set the date of such election for a day not less than 30 nor more than 45 days after the date of the issuance of the call
The governing authority of any county or municipality wherein an exemption has been approved by the voters as provided herein may by appropriate resolution a copy of which shall be immediately transmitted to the State Revenue Commissioner exempt from taxation 20 40 60 80 or all of the value of such tangible personal property as defined herein Provided however that once an exemption has been granted no reduction in the percent of the value of such property to be exempted may be made until and unless such exemption is revoked or repealed as provided herein An increase in the percent of the value of the property to be exempted may be accomplished by appropriate resolution of the governing authority of such county or municipality and a copy thereof shall be immediately transmitted to the State Revenue Commissioner provided that such increase shall be in increments of 20 40
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60 or 80 herein within
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of the value of such tangible personal property as defined the discretion of such governing authority
SSI fuch LrenjL shall QllM the date such exemptions were 8 u exemptions then such
BSKHHaBMtei end of a fiveyear period from the date of such referendum
All laws exempting property from taxation other than the property herein enumerated shall be void
aonF heretofore raSt tSSjSSST SSSZ
forth null and void
Section II
Purposes and Method of Taxation
Assembly for the following purposes only
i For the support of the State Government and the public institutions
2 For educational purposes
3 To pay the principal and the interest on the public debt and to provide a sinking fund therefor
4 To suppress insurrection to repel invasion and defend the State in time of war
6 To construct and maintain State buildings and a system of State hishways airports and docks
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7 To make provision for the payment of oldage assistance to aged persons in need and for the payment of assistance to the needy blind and to dependent children and other welfare benefits provided that no person shall be entitled to the assistance herein authorized who does not qualify for such provisions in every respect in accordance with enactments ol the General Assembly which may be in force and effect prescribing the qualifications for beneficiaries hereunder Provided no indebtedness against the State shall ever be created for the purpose herein stated in excess of the taxes lawfully levied each fiscal year under Acts of the General Assembly authorized hereunder for such purposes
8 In order to extend to the employees of the State any department u jte any State institution or political subdivisions of the State and to the dependents and survivors of such employees the basic protection accorded others by the old age and survivors insurance program embodied ino oca Security Act Act of Congress approved August 14 1935 49 Stat 620 officially cited as the Social Security Act as such Act has been and may from time to time be amended and the Federal Insurance Contributions Act as set forth in subchapter A of Chapter 9 of the Federal Internal Revenue Code as such Code has been and mqy from time to time be amended the General Assembly is authorized to enact such legislation as may be necessary to insure the coverage to employees of the State any department of the State any State institution or political subdivisions of the State and the dependents and survivors of such employees under said Social Security Act as the same has been or may be amended and the Federal Insurance Contributions Act as the same has been or may be amended and any provisions of this Constitution notwithstanding the State for and on behalf of itself its departments institutions or political subdivisions is hereby authorized to enter into agreements with the Federal Security Administrator or other appropriate official of the United States Government under the provisions of said Social Security Act as the same has been or may hereafter be amended in the manner as provided therein and as provided by the General Assembly The Teacher Retirement System of Georgia and the Employees Retirement System of Georgia shall have the powers and duties as provided by law on November 4 1952 together with such further powers and duties as may be now or hereafter provided by law
9 To advertise and promote the agricultural industrial historic recreational and natural resources of the State of Georgia
10 For public health purposes
Public transportation of passengers for hire is an essential governmental function and a public purpose for which the power of taxation by
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the State may be exercised and its public funds expended provided however that the State of Georgia shall not provide more than 10 per cent of the total cost either directly or indirectly The General Assembly is authorized to provide for the implementation of this provision including the granting of public funds to any public corporation or Authority established by the General Assembly for the performance of the aforesaid function and purpose or contracting through appropriate departments or instrumentalities of State government with any such or Authority established by the General Assembly for performance of the aforesaid function and purpose
12 For school lunch purposes
13 To pay the salaries of personnel and to pay for the utilization of school facilities including school buses for extracurricular and interscholastic activities including literary events music and athletic programs within individual schools and between schools in the same or in different school systems when such activities are sponsored by local boards of education as an integral part of the total school program
Paragraph II Promotion of agricultural and other products financing disposition of funds Any other provision of this Constitution to contrary notwithstanding the General Assembly may provide for the promotion of the production marketing sale use and utilization processing and improvement of any one or all of the agricultural products including bu not limited to registered livestock and livestock products poultry and noultry products timber and timber products fish and sea food and me products of the farms and forests of this State The General Assembly may provide for the promotion of such products individually collectively or in any combination thereof The General Assembly may provide that such a program including provisions for quality andor product control may be instituted continued or terminated by a specified vote f the producers of the product or products affected participating ma jerendum submitting such proposal for their approval The General Assembly may create instrumentalities public corporations authorities and commissions to administer such programs and may provide a means of financuKjany such promotion by authorizing such bodies to impose ralse wer or repeal assessments fees or other charges upon the sale or processing of the affected products and to collect the same after approval by a specified vote of the producers of the affected product m a referendum and may authorize the acceptance of gifts and donations and may provide for the disposition of any funds arising under any soch program without the necessity of such funds being placed in the State Treasury or being appropriated by the General Assembly The General Assembly may provide for the supervision of any such program by the Department of Agn
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hvtil urliformity requirement of this Constitution shall be satisfied by the application of the program upon the affected products
Refvenue Be Paid Int General Fund All money collected from taxes fees and assessments for State purposes as authorized by revenue measures enacted by the General Assembly shall be paid into
nni r Funi f thke State Treasury and shall be appropriated there required by this Constitution for the purposes set out in this Section and for these purposes only
Paragraph IV Grants to Municipalities Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Constitution the General Assembly is hereby Sorted to provide by law for the granting of State funds to the municipalities of Georgia in such manner and form and under such procedure as the GenJ Assembly may prescribe The General Assembly is also authorized but directed Prvide the purpose or purposes for which such funds may be expended by the municipalities The General Assembly is hereby authorized to exercise the power of taxation over the entire State in order to carry out the provisions of this Paragraph
Paragraph V Industrial Development Commission The General Assembly shall have the power to create an Industrial Development Commission to make loans to be secured by second mortgages to such industrial development agencies as the Industrial Development Commission may select Provided that said agencies shall have raised sufficient capital and secured commitments for additional financing which in addition o the loan to be extended by said Commission will adequately insure the completion of said project The powers of taxation may be exercised through the General Assembly in order to implement and carry out the purposes for which said Commission is to be created
Section III
State Debt
Paragraph I Purposes for Which Debt may be Incurred Limitations Any other provisions of this Constitution to the contrary notwithstanding the State may incur public debt as follows
a The State may incur public debt without limit to repel invasion suppress insurrection and defend the State in time of war
b The State may incur public debt to supply such temporary deficit as may exist in the State Treasury in any fiscal year becauseP0f necessary
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delay in collecting the taxes of that year but the debt so incurred shall not exceed in the aggregate five percent of the total revenue receipts less refunds of the State Treasury in the fiscal year immediately preceding the year in which such debt is incurred and any debt so incurred shall be repaid out of the taxes levied for the fiscal year in which the loan is made Such debt shall be payable on or before the last day of the fiscal year in which it is incurred and no such debt may be incurred m any fiscal year under the provisions of this subparagraph b if there is then outstanding unpaid debt from any previous fiscal year which was incurred under the provisions of this subparagraph b
c The State may incur public debt of two types for public purposes pursuant to this Paragraph 1 general obligation debt and 2 guaranteed revenue debt General obligation debt may be incurred by issuing obligations to acquire construct develop extend enlarge or improve land waters property highways buildings structures equipment or facilities of the State its agencies departments institutions and those State Authorities which were created and activated prior to the Amendment adopted November 8 1960 to Article VII Section VI Paragrap 1a of the Constitution of 1945 Guaranteed revenue debt may be incurred by guaranteeing the payment of revenue obligations issued by an instrumentality of the State if such revenue obligations are issued to finance toll bridges toll roads any other land public transportation facilities or systems or water or sewage treatment facilities or systems or to make or purchase or lend or deposit against the security of loans to citizens of the State for educational purposes No debt may be incurred under this subparagraph c at any time when the highest aggregate annual debt service requirements for the then current year or any subsequent year for outstanding general obligation debt and guaranteed revenue debt including the proposed debt and the highest aggregate annual payments for the then current year or any subsequent fiscal year of the State under all contracts then in force to which the provisions of Article IX Section VI Paragraph 1a of this Constitution are applicable exceed fifteen percent of the total revenue receipts less refunds of the State Treasury in the fiscal year immediately preceding the year in which any such debt is to be incurred provided however no guaranteed revenue debt may be incurred to finance water or sewage treatment facilities or systems when the highest aggregate annual debt seve requirements for the then current year or any subsequent fiscal year of the State for outstanding or proposed guaranteed revenue debt for water or sewage treatment facilities or systems exceed one percent of the total revenue receipts less refunds of the State Treasury in the fiscal year immediately preceding the year in which any such debt is to be incurred and provided further that the aggregate amount of guaranteed revenue debt incurred to make loans to citizens of the State for educational pur
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poseS that may be outstanding at any time shall not exceed 18 million dollars and the aggregate amount of guaranteed revenue debt incurred to
HgK 7 led dfP gainst the security of loans w eifeens of the S ate for educational purposes that may be outstanding at any time shall not exceed 72 rnlhon dollars For the purpose of this Paragraph annual debt service requirements shall mean the total principal and interest coming due in any fiscal year of the State provided however with regard to any issue of debt incurred wholly or in part on a term basis annual debt service requirements shall mean an amount equal to the total principal and interest payments required to retire such issue in full divided by the number of years from its issue date to its maturity date
haPtnn0151180 debt niay not be incurred until the General Assembly has enacted legislation stating the purposes in general or specific tern for which such issue of debt is to be incurred specifying the maximum Unt tf lssue and appropriating an amount at least
sufficient to pay the highest annual debt service requirements for such issue All such appropriations for debt service purposes shall not lanse for any reason and shall continue in effect until the debt for which such appropriation was authorized shall have been incurred but the General Assembly may repeal any such appropriation at any time prior to the incurring of such debt The General Assembly shall raise by taxation each fiscal year in addition to the sum necessary to make all payments reqmred to be ipade under contracts entitled to the protection of the second faph f fraph 1a Section VI Article IX of this Constitution and to pay public expenses such amounts as are necessary to pav debt service reqmrements in such fiscal year on all general obligation debt incurred hereunder The General Assembly shall appropriate to a special SghStt tbe signaled State of Georgia General Obligation PDebt sinking Fund such amounts as are necessary to pay annual debt service
ingUfundThaSllh 3 f nCIia fbligaIion debt incurred hereunder The sinking fund shall be used solely for the retirement of general obligation debt
payable therefrom If the General Assembly shall fail to make any such appropriation or if for any reason the monies in the sinking fund are msuffiaent to make all payments required with respect to such general obligation debt as and when the same become due the Director Fiscal Division Department of Administrative Services or such other officer as may be designated by law shall set apart from the first revenues thereafter received applicable to the general fund of the State such amounts as are necessary to cure any such deficiency and shall immediately deposit the same into the sinking fund provided however the obligation to make such sinking fund deposits shall be subordinate to the obligation imposed upon the fiscal officers of the State pursuant to the provisions of the second paragraph of Paragraph 1a of Section VI of Article IX of this Constitution The Director Fiscal Division Department of Administrative Services or such other officer as may be designated by law may
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be required to set aside and apply such revenues as aforesaid at the suit of any holder of any general obligation debt incurred hereunder The monies in the sinking fund shall be as fully invested as is practical consistent with the requirements to make current principal and interest payments Any such investments shall be restricted to obligations constituting direct and general obligations of the United States Government or obligations unconditionally guaranteed as to the payment of principal and interest by the United States Government maturing no longer than twelve months from date of purchase
Guaranteed revenue debt may not be incurred until the General Assembly has enacted legislation authorizing the guarantee of the specific issue of revenue obligations then proposed reciting that the General Assembly has determined such obligations will be selfliquidating over the life of the issue which determination shall be conclusive specifying the maximum principal amount of such issue and appropriating an amount at least equal to the highest annual debt service requirements for such issue which appropriation shall be paid upon the issuance of said obligations into a special trust fund to be designated State of Georgia Guaranteed Revenue Debt Common Reserve Fund to be held together with all other sums similarly appropriated as a common reserve for any payments which may be required by virtue of any guarantee entered into in connection with any issue of guaranteed revenue obligations All such appropriations for the benefit of guaranteed revenue debt shall not lapse for any reason and shall continue in effect until the debt for which such appropriation was authorized shall have been incurred but the General Assembly may repeal any such appropriation at any time prior to thepayment of the same into said common reserve fund which shall be held and administered by the Director Fiscal Division Department of Administrative Services or such other officer as may be designated by law If any payments are required to be made from said fund to meet debt service requirements on guaranteed revenue obligations by virtue of an insu ficiencv of revenues the Director Fiscal Division Department of Administrative Services or such other officer as may be designated by law shall pay from said common reserve fund the amount necessary to cure such deficiency The Director Fiscal Division Department of Administrative Services or such other officer as may be designated by law shall then reimburse from said fund from the general funds of the State within ten days following the commencement of any fiscal year of the Mate tor any amounts so paid provided however the obligation to make any such reimbursements shall be subordinate to the obligation imposed upon the fiscal officers of the State pursuant to the second paragraph of Paragraph 1a of Section VI Article IX of this Constitution and shall also be subordinate to the obligation hereinabove imposed upon the Director Fiscal Division Department of Administrative Services or such other officer as may be designated by law to make sinking fund deposits for
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the benefit of general obligation debt The Director Fiscal Division Department of Administrative Services or such other officer as may be designated by law may be required to apply such funds as aforesaid at the suit of any holder of any such guaranteed revenue obligations The amount to the credit of said common reserve fund shall at all times be at least equal to the aggregate highest annual debt service requirements on all outstanding guaranteed revenue obligations entitled to the benefit of said fund If at the end of any fiscal year of the State said fund is in excess of the required amount the Director Fiscal Division Department of Administrative Services or such other officer as may be designated by law shall transfer such excess to the general funds of the State free of said trust The funds in the said common reserve shall be as fully invested as is practical consistent with the requirements of guaranteeing the principal and interest payments on the revenue obligations guaranteed by the State Any such investments shall be restricted to obligations constituting direct and general obligations of the United States Government or obligations unconditionally guaranteed as to the payment of principal and interest by the United States Government maturing no longer than twelve months from date of purchase
The State and all State institutions departments and agencies of the State are prohibited from entering into any contract except contracts pertaining to guaranteed revenue debt with any public agency public corporation authority or similar entity if such contract is intended to constitute security for bonds or other obligations issued by any such public agency public corporation or authority and from and after September 1 1974 in the event any contract between the State or any State institution department or agency of the State and any public agency public corporation authority or similar entity or any revenues from any such contract is pledged or assigned as security for the repayment of bonds or other obligations then and in either such event the appropriation or expenditure of any funds of the State for the payment of obligations under any such contract shall likewise be prohibited provided however all contracts entered into prior to September 1 1974 shall continue to have the benefit of the protection afforded by the provisions of the second paragraph of Paragraph 1a of Section VI Article IX of this Constitution as fully and completely as though Paragraphs IV of this Section were not in effect and for as long as any such contract shall remain in force and effect Furthermore nothing in Paragraphs IV of this Section is intended directly or by implication to have any effect upon any provision of any such contract establishing lien rights priorities regarding revenues or otherwise providing protection to the holders of obligations secured by such contracts
d The State may incur general obligation debt or guaranteed revenue debt to fund or refund any such debt or to fund or refund any obligations
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issued upon the security of contracts to which the provisions of the second paragraph of Paragraph 1a Section VI Article IX of this Constitution are applicable The issuance of any such debt for the purposes of said funding or refunding shall be subject to the fifteen percent limitation in subparagraph c above to the same extent as debt incurred under said subparagraph provided however in making such computation the annual debt service requirements and annual contract payments remaining on the debt or obligations being funded or refunded shall not be taken into account In the event it is determined by the Georgia State Financing and Investment Commission that it is to the best interest of the State to fund or refund any such public debt or obligation the same may be accomplished by resolution of the Georgia State Financing and Investment Commission without any action on the part of the General Assembly and any appropriation made or required to be made with respect to the debt being funded or refunded shall immediately attach and inure to the benefit of the obligations to be issued in connection with such funding or refunding to the same extent and with the same effect as though the obligation to be issued had originally been authorized by action of the General Assembly as hereinabove set forth provided the debt incurred in connection with any1 such funding or refunding shall be the same as that ffl thorized by the General Assembly except that general obligation debt mav be incurred to fund or refund obligations issued upon the security of contracts to which the provisions of the second paragraph PaSraj 1a Section VI Article IX of this Constitution are applicable and the continuing appropriation required to be made under the said Provisions of this Constitution shall immediately attach and inure to the benefit of the obligation to be issued in connection with such funding or refunding with the8 same force and effect as though said obligations so funded or refunded had originally been issued as a general obligation debt authorized hereunder and provided further the term of the funding or refunding issue shall not extend beyond the term of the original debt or obligation and the total interest on the funding or refunding issue shall not exc the total interest to be paid on such original debt or obligation The principal amount of any debt issued in connection with such funding or refunding may exceed the principal amount being funded or refunded to the extent necessary to provide for the payment of any premium the by incurred
Paragraph II Faith and Credit of State Pledged Debt may be Validated The full faith credit and taxing power of the State are hereby pledged to the payment of all public debt incurred under this Article and All such debt and the interest thereon shall be exempt from taxation Such debt may be validated by judicial proceedings in the manner provided by the General Assembly and such validation shall be incontestable and conclusive
Paragraph III Georgia State Financing and Investment Commission Duties There shall be a Georgia State Financing and Investment Com
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mission The Commission shall consist of the Governor the President of the Senate the Speaker of the House of Representatives the State Auditor the Attorney General the Director Fiscal Division Department of Administrative Services or such other officer as may be designated by law and the Commissioner of Agriculture The Commission shall be responsible for the issuance of all public debt incurred hereunder and for the proper application of the proceeds of such debt to the purposes for which it is incurred provided however the proceeds from guaranteed revenue obligations shall be paid to the issuer thereof and such proceeds and the application thereof shall be the responsibility of such issuer Debt to be incurred at the same time for more than one purpose may be combined in one issue without stating the purpose separately but the proceeds thereof must be allocated disbursed and used solely in accordance with the original purpose and without exceeding the principal amount authorized for each purpose set forth in the authorization of the General Assembly and to the extent not so used shall be used to purchase and retire public debt The Commission shall be responsible for the investment of all proceeds to be administered by it The General Assembly may provide that income earned on any such investments may be used to pay operating expenses of the Commission or placed in a common debt retirement fund and used to purchase and retire any public debt or any bonds or obligations issued by any public agency public corporation or authority which are secured by a contract to which the provisions of the second paragraph of Paragraph 1a of Section VI Article IX of this Constitution are applicable The Commission shall be responsible for its own record keeping reporting and related administrative and clerical functions The Commission shall have such additional responsibilities powers and duties as shall be provided by law
Paragraph IV State Aid Forbidden Except as herein provided the credit of the State shall not be pledged or loaned to any individual company corporation or association and the State shall not become a joint owner or stockholder in or with any individual company association or corporation
Paragraph V Construction Paragraphs L II III and IV are for the purpose of providing a new and more effective method of financing the States needs and their provisions and any law now or hereafter enacted by the General Assembly in furtherance thereof shall be liberally construed to effect such purpose Insofar as any such provisions or any such law may be inconsistent with any other provisions of this Constitution or of any other law the provisions of such Paragraphs and laws enacted in furtherance thereof shall be controlling provided however the provisions of such Paragraphs shall not be so broadly construed as to cause the same to be unconstitutional and in connection with any such construction such Paragraphs shall be deemed to contain such implied limitations as shall be required to accomplish the foregoing
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Paragraph VI Assumption of Debts Forbidden The State shall not assume the debt nor any part thereof of any county municipal corporation or political subdivision of the State unless such debt be contracted to enable the State to repel invasion suppress insurrection or defend itself in time of war Provided however that the amendment to the Constitution of 1877 proposed by the General Assembly and set forth in the published Acts of the General Assembly of the year 1931 at page 97 which amendment was ratified on November 8 1932 and which amendment provided for the assumption by the State of indebtedness of the several counties of the State as well as that of the Coastal Highway District and the assessments made against the counties of said district for the construction and paving of the public roads or highways including bridges of the State under certain conditions and for the issuance of certificates of indebtedness for such indebtedness so assumed is continued of full force and effect until such indebtedness assumed by the State is paid and such certificates of indebtedness retired
Paragraph VII Profit on Public Money The receiving directly or
indirectly by any officer of State or county or member or officer of
the General Assembly of any interest profits or perquisites arising from the use or loan of public funds in his hands or moneys to be raised through his agency for the State or county purposes shall be deemed a felony and punishable as may be prescribed by law a part of which punishment shall be a disqualification from holding office
Paragraph VIII Certain Bonds Not to Be Paid The General Assembly shall have no authority to appropriate money either directly or indirectly to pay the whole or any part of the principal or interest of the bonds or other obligations which have been pronounced illegal null and void by the General Assembly and the Constitutional amendments ratified by a vote of the people on the first day of May 1877 nor shall the
General Assembly have authority to pay any of the obligations created
by the State under laws passed during the War Between the States nor any of the bonds notes or obligations made and entered into during the existence of said war the time for the payment of which was fixed after the ratification of a treaty of peace between the United States and the Confederate States nor shall the General Assembly pass any law or the Governor or any other State official enter into any contract or agreement whereby the State shall be made a party to any suit in any court of this State or of the United States instituted to test the validity of any such bonds or obligations
Paragraph IX Sale of States Property to Pay Bonded Debt The proceeds of the sale of the Western and Atlantic Railroad and any other property owned by the State whenever the General Assembly may authorize the sale of the whole or any part thereof shall be applied
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to the payment of the bonded debt of the State and shall not be used
for any other purpose whatsoever so long as the State has any existing
bonded debt provided that the proceeds of the sale of the Western and
Atlantic Railroad shall be applied to the payment of the bonds for which
said railroad has been mortgaged in preference to all other bonds
Paragraph X State Sinking Fund The General Assembly shall raise by taxation each year in addition to the sum required to pay the public expenses such amounts as are necessary to pay the interest on the public debt and the principal of the public debt maturing in such year and to provide a sinking fund to pay off and retire the bonds of the State which have not been matured The amount of such annual levy shall be determined after consideration of the amount then held in the sinking fund The taxes levied for such purposes and the said sinking fund shall be applied to no other purpose whatever The funds in the said sinking fund may be invested in the bonds of the State and also in bonds and securities issued by the Federal Government and subsidiaries of the Federal Government fully guaranteed by that government If the said bonds are not available for purchase the funds in the sinking fund may be loaned with the approval of the Governor when amply secured by bonds of the State or Federal Government upon such conditions as may be provided by law
ARTICLE VIII0
EDUCATION Section I
Public Education
Paragraph I System of Common Schools Free Tuition The provision of an adequate education for the citizens shall be a primary obligation of the State of Georgia the expense of which shall be provided for by taxation
Section II
State Board of Education
Paragraph I State Board of Education Method of Appointment There shall be a State Board of Education composed of one member from each Congressional District in the State who shall be appointed by the Governor by and with the advice and consent of the Senate The Governor shall not be a member of the State Board of Education The members in office on the effective date of this Constitution shall serve out the remainder of their respective terms Thereafter all succeeding appointments shall be for seven year terms from the expiration of the
478 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
previous term Vacancies upon said Board caused by expiration of term 5 office shall be similarly filled by appointment and confirmation In case of a vacancy on said Board by death resignation or from any other cause other than the expiration of such member siterm of officethe Board shall by secret ballot elect his successor who shal hold office until the end of the next session of the General Assembly or J General Assembly be then in session to the end of that session During such session of the General Assembly the Governor shall appoint the successor member of the Board for the unexpired term and shall submit his name to the Senate for confirmation All members of the Board shall hold office until their successors are appointed and uafie cte h bers of the State Board of Education shall be citizens of this State who shall have resided in Georgia continuously for at least five years preceding their appointment No person employed in a professional capacity Ty a private T public education institution or by the State Department of Education shall be eligible for appointment or to serve on said Board No person who is or has been connected with or employed by a school book publishing concern shall be eligible to membership on the Board and ifP any person shall be so connected or employed after becoming a member of the Board his place shall immediately become vacant The said State Board of Education shall have such powers and duties as provided by law and existing at the time of the adoption of the Constitution of 1945 together with such further powers and duties as may now or hereafter be provided by law
Section III
State School Superintendent
Section IV
Board of Regents
the government control and management of the University Syste
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Georgia and all of its institutions in said system shall be vested in said Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia Said Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia shall consist of one member from each Congressional District in the State and five additional members from the Stateatlarge appointed by the Governor and confirmed by the Senate The Governor shall not be a member of the said Board The members in office on the effective date of this Constitution shall serve out the remainder of their respective terms Thereafter all succeeding appointments shall be for seven year terms from the expiration of the previous term Vacancies upon said Board caused by expiration of term of office shall be similarly filled by appointment and confirmation In case of a vacancy on said Board by death resignation of a member or from any other cause other than the expiration of such members term of office the Board shall by secret ballot elect his successor who shall hold office until the end of the next session of the General Assembly or if the General Assembly be then in session to the end of that session During such session of the General Assembly the Governor shall appoint the successor member of the Board for the unexpired term and shall submit his name to the Senate for confirmation All members of the Board of Regents shall hold office until their successors are appointed The said Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia shall have the powers and duties as provided by law existing at the time of the adoption of the Constitution of 1945 together with such further powers and duties as may now or hereafter be provided by law
Paragraph II Program for Elderly Citizens The Board of Regents is hereby authorized and directed to establish by not later than the beginning of the fall quarter of 1977 a program whereby citizens of this State who are 62 years of age or older may attend units of the University System of Georgia without payment of fees except for supplies and laboratory or shop fees when space is available in a course scheduled for resident credit Such program shall not include attendance at classes in dental medical veterinary or law schools Persons who attend units of the University System of Georgia under the program established pursuant to this Paragraph shall not be counted as students by the Board of Regents for budgetary purposes The Board of Regents shall adopt and promulgate rules and regulations not inconsistent with this Paragraph to implement and carry out the provisions of this Paragraph
Section V
Local School Systems
Paragraph I School Districts Authority is granted to county and area boards of education to establish and maintain public schools within their limits The General Assembly may by special or local law provide for
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consolidation and merger of any two or more county school districts independent school systems or any portion or combination thereof into a single area school district under the control and management of an area board of education No such consolidation or merger shall become effective until approved by a majority of the voters voting in each of the school districts or school systems affected in a referendum held thereon in each school district or school system being consolidated or merged provided 51 of the registered voters in each district or system concerned shall vote in such election and provided a majority of said voters voting shall vote in the affirmative Any area school district so established shall constitute a separate political subdivision of this State and the school districts or school systems or portions thereof incorporated therein shall stand abolished and title to all school properties and assets therein shall vest in the area board of education
Paragraph II Boards of Education Except as provided in Paragraph I of this Section each county exclusive of any independent school system now in existence in a county shall compose one school district and shall be confined to the control and management of a County Board of Education
a Except as may now or hereafter be provided by any local or special law adopted pursuant to the provisions of subparagraph b of this Paragraph or as provided in any local constitutional amendment applicable to any county school district the Grand Jury of each county shall select five citizens of their respective counties who shall constitute the County Board of Education The members of any such County Board of Education in office on the effective date of this Constitution shall serve out the remainder of their respective terms Thereafter all succeeding appointments shall be for fiveyear terms from the expiration of the previous term In case of a vacancy on any such County Board of Education by death resignation of a member or from any other cause other than the expiration of such members term of office the remaining members of such County Board of Education shall by secret ballot elect his successor who shall hold office until the next Grand Jury convenes at which time said Grand Jury shall appoint the successor member of such County Board of Education for the unexpired term The members of any such County Board of Education of any such county shall be selected from that portion of the county not embraced within the territory of an independent school district
b Notwithstanding provisions contained in subparagraph a of this Paragraph or in any local constitutional amendment applicable to any county school district the number of members of a county board of education their term of office residence requirements compensation man
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ner of election or appointment and the method for filling vacancies occurring on said boards may be changed by local or special law conditioned upon approval by a majority of the qualified voters of the county school district voting in a referendum thereon Members of county boards of education shall have such powers and duties and such further qualifications as may be provided by law
c The number of members of an area board of education their manner of election or appointment their terms residence requirements qualifications powers duties and the method for filling vacancies on said boards shall be as provided by law enacted pursuant to Paragraph I of this Section Subsequent to the creation of an area school district the number and manner of election or appointment of members of the area board of education and method for filling vacancies occurring on said boards and their terms of office and residence requirements may be changed by local or special law conditioned upon approval by a majority of the qualified voters in each of the original political subdivisions of the area school district voting in a referendum thereon Members of area boards of education shall have such powers duties and further qualifications as provided by law
d The General Assembly shall have authority to make provision for local trustees of each school in a county system and confer authority upon them to make recommendations as to budgets and employment of teachers and other authorized employees
Paragraph III Meetings of Boards of Education All official meetings of County or Area Boards of Education shall be open to the public
Paragraph IV Power of Boards to Contract With Each Other Any two or more county boards of education independent school systems or area boards of education or any combination thereof may contract with each other for the care education and transportation of pupils and for such other activities as they may be authorized by law to perform
Paragraph V School Superintendent There shall be a school superintendent of each school district who shall be the executive officer of the board of education
a Except as may now or hereafter be provided by any local or special law adopted pursuant to the provisions of subparagraph b of this Paragraph or as provided in any local constitutional amendment applicable to any county school superintendent the county school superintendent shall be elected by the people and his term of office shall be for four years and run concurrently with other county officers The qualifications and the salary of the County School Superintendent shall be fixed by law
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b Notwithstanding provisions contained in subparagraph a of this Paragraph or in any local constitutional amendment applicable to any county school superintendent the term of office of County school superintendents their residence requirements and the method of their election or appointment may be changed by local or special laws conditioned upon approval by a majority of the qualified voters of the county school district voting in a referendum thereon County school superintendents shall have such qualifications powers duties and compensation as may be provided by law
c The manner of election or appointment the qualifications term of office residence requirements powers duties and compensation of any area school district superintendent shall be as provided by law enacted pursuant to Paragraph I of this Section Subsequent to the creation of an area school district the manner of election or appointment of the area school superintendent and his tenure and residence requirements may be changed by local or special law conditioned upon approval by a majority of the qualified yoters in each of the original political subdivisions of the area school district voting in a referendum thereon Area school superintendents shall have such powers duties and further qualifications as provided by law
Paragraph VI Independent Systems Continued New Systems Prohibited Authority is hereby granted to municipal corporations to maintain existing independent school systems and support the same as authorized by special or general law and such existing systems may add thereto colleges No independent school system shall hereafter be established
Paragraph VII Certain Systems Protected Public school systems established prior to the adoption of the Constitution of 1877 shall not be affected by this Constitution
Section VI
Grants Bequests and Donations
Paragraph I Grants Bequests and Donations Permitted The State Board of Education and the Regents of the University System of Georgia may accept bequests donations and grants of land or other property for the use of their respective systems of education
Paragraph II Grants Bequests and Donations to County and Area Boards of Education and Independent School Systems County and Area Boards of Education and independent school systems may accept bequests donations and grants of land or other property for the use of their respective systems of education
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Section VII
Local Taxation for Education
Paragraph I Local Taxation for Education The fiscal authority of each county shall annually levy a school tax for the support and maintenance of education not greater than twenty mills per dollar as certified to it by the county board of education upon the assessed value of all taxable property within the county located outside any independent school system or area school district therein The independent school system of Chatham County and the City of Savannah being coextensive with said county the levy of said tax shall be on all property in said county as recommended by the governing body of said system The certification to be made by an Area Board of Education to the fiscal authorities of the territories comprising an area school district shall be in such amount and within such limits as may be prescribed by local law applicable thereto and upon such certification being made it shall be the duty of such fiscal authorities to levy such tax in accordance with such certification but such levy shall not be greater than twenty mills per dollar upon the assessed value of the taxable property therein School tax funds shall be expended only for the support and maintenance of public schools public education and activities necessary or incidental thereto including school lunch purposes The twenty mill limitation provided for herein shall not apply to those counties now authorized to levy a school tax in excess thereof
Paragraph II Increasing or Removing Tax Rate The twenty mill limitation provided in Paragraph I above may be removed or increased in a county and in territories comprising an area school district under the procedure set out hereinafter The county or area board of education in order to instigate the procedure must pass a resolution recommending that the limitation be removed and upon presentation of such resolution to the judge of the probate court or to the proper authorities of territories comprising an area school district as the case may be it shall be their duty within ten days of receipt of the resolution to issue the call of an election to determine whether such limitation shall be removed The election shall be set to be held on a date not less than twenty nor more than thirty days from the date of the issuance of the call and shall have the date and purpose of the election published in the official organ of the county or counties once a week for two weeks preceding the date of the election If a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting in such election vote in favor of such proposal there shall be no limitation in such county or in such territories comprising the area school district and the county or area board of education may recommend any number of mills for the purposes set out in Paragraph I above In lieu of recommending that the limitation be removed entirely the county or area board of education may recommend that it be increased and shall specify the amount in the resolution The
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election provisions for increase shall be the same as for removal and if the proposal is favorably voted upon the county or area board of education may recommend any number of mills up to the specified amount It shall be the duty of the judge of the probate court or the proper authorities as the case may be to hold the election to canvass the returns and declare the results It shall also be their duty to certify the results to the Secretary of State The expense of the election shall be borne by the county or by the territories comprising an area school district as the case may be
Section VIII
Freedom of Association
Paragraph I Freedom of Association Freedom from compulsory association at all levels of public education shall be preserved inviolate The General Assembly shall by taxation provide funds for an adequate education for the citizens of Georgia
Section IX
Special Schools
Paragraph I Special School Creation Taxes and Bonds The board of education of any county area school district or independent school system or any combination thereof may establish pursuant to local law enacted by the General Assembly one or more area schools including special schools such as vocational trade schools schools for exceptional children and schools for adult education in one or more of such political subdivisions provided however that the establishment and operation of such schools pursuant to such local law and any subsequent amendments thereof shall be first approved by a majority of the voters thereon in each of the school districts or systems affected thereby in separate referendums held in the manner provided by law The government powers and duties of boards of education participating in the establishment or operation of such schools and respecting such schools shall be defined in the local lw authorizing the same and such participating political subdivision shall be authorized to incur bonded indebtedness and to require the levy of school tax funds required for the establishment and operation of such schools in such amount and manner as shall be provided in such local law Schools established pursuant to provisions of this Section shall be operated in conformity with regulations promulgated by the State Board of Education pursuant to provisions of law The State is hereby authorized to expend funds for the support and maintenance of such schools in such amount and manner as may be provided by law Special schools including vocational trade schools established prior to November 8 1966 pursuant to
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the amendment to Article VII Section VI Paragraph I of the Constitution of 1945 proposed by a resolution approved March 17 1960 Ga Laws 1960 p 1259 and ratified on November 8 1960 shall not be affected by this Paragraph any political subdivision which established such a school is hereby authorized to levy taxes for the support of such school regardless of whether it is located within the territorial limits of such subdivision and any such political subdivision is hereby authorized to incur bonded indebtedness for the support of or acquisition and construction of facilities for such school Any such bonded indebtedness shall be incurred pursuant to provisions of Article IX Section VII of this Constitution and the laws of this State relative to incurring other bonded indebtedness The State is hereby authorized to expend funds for the support of such established schools in such amount and manner as may be provided by law
ARTICLE IX
COUNTIES AND MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS Section I
Counties
Paragraph I Counties a Corporate Body Boundaries Each county shall be a body corporate with such powers and limitations as are provided in this Constitution and as prescribed by law All suits by or against a county shall be in the name thereof and the metes and bounds of the several counties shall remain as now prescribed by law unless changed as hereinafter provided
Paragraph II Number Limited There shall not be more than one hundred and fiftynine counties in this State
Paragraph III New Counties Permitted When No new county shall be created except by the consolidation or merger of existing counties
Paragraph IV County Lines County lines shall not be changed unless under the operation of a general law for that purpose
Paragraph V County Sites Changed Method No county site shall be changed or removed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the county voting at an election held for that purpose and by a majority vote of die General Assembly
Paragraph VI County Government Uniform Exceptions Whatever tribunal or officers may be created by the General Assembly for the transaction of county matters shall be uniform throughout the State and
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of the same name jurisdiction and remedies except that the General Assembly may provide for County Commissioners in any county may abolish the office of County Treasurer in any county may fix the compensation of County Treasurers and may consolidate the offices of Tax Receiver and Tax Collector into the office of Tax Commissioner and may fix his compensation without respect to uniformity
Paragraph VII Power to Create County Commissioners The General Assembly shall have power to provide for the creation of county commissioners in such counties as may require them and to define their duties
Paragraph VIII County Officers Election Term Removal Eligibility The county officers shall be elected by the qualified voters of their respective counties or districts and shall hold their office for four years They shall be removed upon conviction for malpractice in office and no person shall be eligible for any of the offices referred to in this Paragraph unless he shall have been a resident of the county for two years and is a qualified voter
Paragraph IX Sheriffs qualifications Any provision of this Constitution to the contrary notwithstanding every sheriff shall possess the qualifications required by general law as minimum standards and training for peace officers The General Assembly is hereby authorized to provide by law for higher qualifications for sheriffs The provisions of this Paragraph shall not apply to any sheriff in office on January 1 1977
Paragraph X Compensation of County Officers County officers may be on a fee basis salary basis or fee basis supplemented by salary in such manner as may be directed by law
Paragraph XI Method of County Consolidation Merger or Division The General Assembly shall have power with the concurrence of a majority of the qualified voters voting thereon in each of the counties affected to provide for the consolidation of two or more counties into one or the merger of one or more counties into another or the division of a county and the merger of portions thereof into other counties provided however upon the filing with the Judge of the Probate Court of any county of a petition signed by not less than twenty per centum 20 of the duly qualified voters of such county seeking such merger consolidation or division it shall be the duty of such Judge of the Probate Court to transmit a certified copy of such petition to each Judge of the Probate Court of all other counties affected thereby and it shall be the duty of the latter to provide for the publication of such petition omitting therefrom the names affixed to such petition in the newspaper in which the sheriffs advertisements are published once a week for a period of six consecutive weeks If within a period of two years thereafter a petition is presented
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to the Judge of the Probate Court or Judges of the Probate Courts of the other county or counties affected expressing favor or approval of the original petition signed by not less than twenty per centum 20 of the duly qualified voters voting therein it shall thereupon be the duty of the Judges of the Probate Courts of all such counties affected by such petitions to certify the fact of such petitions to the Governor whose duty it shall then be to call immediately an election on the same day in each such county to be held not later than sixty 60 days and not sooner than thirty 30 days after the filing of the last petition publishing notice thereof once a week for two weeks in the newspaper in each county in which sheriffs advertisements are published Provided however that only one such election shall be called by the Governor within any twelvemonth period The Judges of the Probate Courts of each county shall conduct the election canvass the returns and certify the results thereof to the Governor who shall issue his proclamation thereon and such results shall become effective at such time as may be prescribed by law but not later than two 2 years following the date of such election as hereinafter referred to Provided however any election held pursuant to the call of the Governor hereunder shall be null and void unless 51 of the registered voters of the portion or portions of the counties affected shall have voted in said election The members of the General Assembly whose districts lie wholly or partially within such counties shall serve out the remainder of their terms for which elected and at the Session of the General Assembly next following such election the county site shall be changed by law without regard to the provisions of Paragraph V hereof and the General Assembly shall likewise provide by law for the effective date of such merger consolidation or division as the case may be subject to the above limitation ot two years and shall provide for the election of county officials where required The General Assembly shall have power to further implement this Paragraph by law
Section II
County Home Rule
Paragraph I Home Rule for Counties a The governing authority of each county shall have legislative power to adopt clearly reasonable ordinances resolutions or regulations relating to its property affairs and local government for which no provision has been made by general law and which is not inconsistent with this Constitution or any local law applicable thereto Any such local law shall remain in force and effect until amended or repealed as provided in Subparagraph b This however shall not restrict the authority of the General Assembly by general law to further define this power or to broaden limit or otherwise regulate the exercise thereof The General Assembly shall not pass any local law to repeal modify or supersede any action taken by a county governing authority under this Section except as authorized under Subparagraph c hereof
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b Except as provided in Subparagraph c a county may as an incident of its home rule power amend or repeal the local acts applicable to its governing authority by following either of the procedures hereinafter set forth
1 Such local acts may be amended or repealed by a resolution or ordinance duly adopted at two regular consecutive meetings of the county governing authority not less than seven nor more than sixty days apart A notice containing a synopsis of the proposed amendment or repeal shali be published in the official county organ once a week for three weeks within a period of sixty days immediately preceding its final adoption Such notice shall state that a copy of the proposed amendment or repeal is on file in the office of the clerk of the superior court of the county for the purpose of examination and inspection by the public The Clerk of the Superior Court shall furnish anyone upon written request a copy of the proposed amendment or repeal No amendment or repeal hereunder shall be valid to change or repeal an amendment adopted pursuant to a referendum as provided in 2 of this Subparagraph or to change or repeal a local act of the General Assembly ratified in a referendum by the electors of such county unless at least twelve months have elapsed after such referendum No amendment hereunder shall be valid if inconsistent with any provision of this Constitution or if provision has been made therefor by general law
2 Amendments to or repeals of such local acts or ordinances resolutions or regulations adopted pursuant to Subparagraph a hereof may be initiated by a petition filed with the Judge of the Probate Court of the county containing in cases of counties with a population of five thousand or less the signatures of at least twentyfive per centum of the electors registered to vote in the last general election in cases of counties with a population of more than five thousand but not more than fifty thousand at least twenty per centum of the electors registered to vote in the last general election and in cases of a county with a population of more than fifty thousand at least ten per centum of the electors registered to vote in the last general election which petition shall specifically set forth the exact language of the proposed amendment or repeal The Judge of the Probate Court shall determine the validity of such petition within 60 days of its being filed with the Judge of the Probate Court In the event the Judge of the Probate Court determines that such petition is valid it shall be his duty to issue the call for an election for the purpose of submitting such amendment or repeal to the registered electors of the county for their approval or rejection Such call shall be issued not less than ten nor more than sixty days after the date of the filing of the petition He shall set the date of such election for a day not less than sixty nor more than ninety days after the date of such filing The Judge of the Probate Court
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shall cause a notice of the date of said election to be published in the official organ of the county once a week for three weeks immediately preceding such date Said notice shall also contain a synopsis of the proposed amendment or repeal and shall state that a copy thereof is on file in the office of the Judge of the Probate Court of the county for the purpose of examination and inspection by the public The Judge of the Probate Court shall furnish anyone upon written request a copy of the proposed amendment or repeal If more than onehalf of the votes cast on such question are for approval of the amendment or repeal it shall become of full force and effect otherwise it shall be void and of no force and effect The expense of such election shall be borne by the county and it shall be the duty of the Judge of the Probate Court to hold and conduct such election Such election shall be held under the same laws and rules and regulations as govern special elections except as otherwise provided herein It shall be the duty of the Judge of the Probate Court to canvass the returns and declare and certify the result of the election It shall be his further duty to certify the result thereof to the Secretary of State in accordance with the provisions of Paragraph III of this Section A referendum on any such amendment or repeal shall not be held more often than once each year No amendment hereunder shall be valid if inconsistent with any provision of this Constitution or if provision has been made therefor by general law
In the event that the Judge of the Probate Court determines that such petition was not valid he shall cause to be published in explicit detail the reasons why such petition is not valid Provided however that in any proceeding in which the validity of the petition is at issue the tribunal considering such issue shall not be limited by the reasons assigned Such publication shall be in the official organ of the county in the week immediately following the date on which such petition is declared to be not valid
c The power granted to counties in Subparagraphs a and b above shall not be construed to extend to the following matters or any other matters which the General Assembly by general law has preempted or
may hereafter preempt but such matters shall be the subject of general
law or the subject of local acts of the General Assembly to the extent
that the enactment of such local acts is otherwise permitted under this
Constitution
1 Action affecting any elective county office the salaries thereof or the personnel thereof except the personnel subject to the jurisdiction of the county governing authority
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2 Action affecting the composition form procedure for election or appointment compensation and expenses and allowances in the nature of compensation of the county governing authority
3 Action defining any criminal offense or providing for criminal punishment
4 Action adopting any form of taxation beyond that authorized by law or by this Constitution
5 Action extending the power of regulation over any business activity regulated by the Public Service Commission beyond that authorized by local or general law or by this Constitution
6 Action affecting the exercise of the power of eminent domain
7 Action affecting any court or the personnel thereof
8 Action affecting any public school system
d The power granted in Subparagraphs a and b of this Paragraph shall not include the power to take any action affecting the private or civil law governing private or civil relationships except as is incident to the exercise of an independent governmental power
e Nothing in this Paragraph shall affect the provisions of Paragraph II of this Section
Paragraph II Salary of County Employees How Fixed The governing authority of each county is authorized to fix the salary compensation and expenses of those employed by such governing authority and to establish and maintain retirement or pension systems insurance workmens compensation and hospitalization benefits for said employees
Paragraph III Filing and Publication of Laws No amendment or revision of any local act made pursuant to Paragraph I of this Section shall become effective until a copy of such amendment or revision a copy of the required notice of publication and an affidavit of a duly authorized representative of the newspaper in which such notice was published to the effect that said notice has been published as provided in said Paragraphs
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has been filed with the Secretary of State The Secretary of State shall provide for the publication and distribution of all such amendments and revisions at least annually
Section III
Municipal Corporations
Paragraph I General Assembly Authorized to Delegate its Powers The General Assembly is authorized to provide by law for the selfgovernment of municipalities and to that end is hereby expressly given the authority to delegate its powers so that matters pertaining to municipalities may be dealt with without the necessity of action by the General Assembly Any powers granted as provided herein shall be exercised subject only to statutes of general application pertaining to municipalities
Section IV
General Provisions Applicable to Local Governments
Paragraph I Consolidation of Governments Submission to Voters The General Assembly may provide by general law optional systems of consolidated county and municipal government providing for the organization and the powers and duties of its officers Such optional systems shall become effective when submitted to the qualified voters of such county and approved by a majority of those voting
Paragraph II Supplementary Powers In addition to and supplementary of any powers now conferred upon and possessed by any county municipality or any combination thereof any county any municipality and any combination of any such political subdivisions may exercise the following powers and provide the following services
1 Police and fire protection
2 Garbage and solid waste collection and disposal
3 Public health facilities and services including hospitals ambulance emergency rescue services and animal control
4 Street and road construction and maintenance including curbs sidewalks street lights and devices to control the flow of traffic on streets
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and roads constructed by counties and municipalities or any combination thereof
5 Parks recreational areas programs and facilities
6 Storm water and sewage collection and disposal systems
7 Development storage treatment and purification and distribution of water
8 Public housing
9 Urban redevelopment programs
10 Public transportation system
11 Libraries
12 Terminal and dock facilities and parking facilities
13 Building housing plumbing and electrical codes
14 Air Pollution Control
15 Planning and zoning which is the power to provide within their respective jurisdictions for the zoning or districting of such political subdivisions for various uses and other or different uses prohibited in such zones or districts to regulate the use for which said zones or districts may be set apart and to regulate the plans for development and improvements on real estate therein
Except as otherwise provided in this paragraph as to planning and zoning nothing contained within this Paragraph shall operate to prohibit the General Assembly from enacting general laws relative to the above subject matters or to prohibit the General Assembly by general law from regulating restricting or limiting the exercise of the above powers but the General Assembly shall not have the authority to withdraw any such powers The General Assembly shall act upon the above subject matters only by general law If population is used as a basis for classification for the applicability of any Act to any political subdivision or subdivisions of this State on the above subject matters the Act shall apply only to politi
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cal subdivisions of less than a specified population or shall apply to political subdivisions of more than a specified population The General Assembly shall not in any manner regulate restrict or limit the power and authority of any county municipality or any combination thereof to plan and zone as herein defined
Provided however that no City or County may exercise any such powers or provide any such service herein listed inside the boundaries of any other local governments except by contract with the City or County affected unless otherwise provided by any local or special law and no existing local or special laws or provision of this Constitution is intended to be hereby repealed
Each county and municipality and any combination thereof shall have the authority to enact ordinances and to contract with each other in pursuance of this Paragraph and for the purpose of carrying out and effectuating the powers herein conferred upon such political subdivisions and in order to provide such services Any county municipality and any combination thereof or the General Assembly may provide for the creation of special districts within which the above services or any portion thereof shall be provided and to determine and fix reasonable charges and fees for such services In addition the powers of taxation and assessment may be exercised by any county municipality or any combination thereof or within any such district for the above powers and in order to provide such services
Paragraph III Taxing Power and Contributions of Counties Cities and Political Division Restricted The General Assembly shall not authorize any county municipal corporation or political division of this State through taxation contribution or otherwise to become a stockholder in any company corporation or association or to appropriate money for or to loan its credit to any corporation company association institution or individual except for purely charitable purposes This restriction shall not operate to prevent the support of schools by municipal corporations within their respective limits
Paragraph IV Slum Clearance and Redevelopment The General Assembly may provide by law that any city or town or any housing authority now or hereafter established or any county may undertake and carry out slum clearance and redevelopment work including the acquisition and clearance of areas which are predominantly slum or blighted areas the preparation of such areas for reuse and the sale or other disposition of such areas to private enterprise for private uses or to public bodies for public uses Any such work shall constitute a governmental function
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undertaken for public purposes and the powers of taxation and eminent domain may be exercised and public funds expended in furtherance thereof
Section V
County Government Taxation Power
Paragraph I Power of County Government The General Assembly may authorize any county to exercise the power of taxation for any public purpose as authorized by general law or by this Constitution and unless otherwise provided by this Constitution or by law no levy need state the particular purposes for which the same was made nor shall any taxes collected be allocated for any particular purpose unless expressly so provided by the General Assembly or this Constitution
Paragraph II Purposes of Taxation In addition to such other powers and authority as may be conferred upon any county by this Constitution or by the General Assembly counties are hereby authorized to exercise the power of taxation for the following purposes which are hereby declared to be public purposes and expend funds raised by the exercise of said powers for said purposes and such other public purposes as may be authorized by the General Assembly
1 Pay the expenses of administration of the county government
2 Acquire construct maintain improve or aid in the acquisition construction maintenance or improvement of public buildings bridges parks recreation areas and facilities libraries streets sidewalks roads airports docks facilities for mass transit system for the transportation of passengers for hire and other properties for public use and to acquire any real property or any interest therein in connection with the foregoing
3 Provide for the operation of the courts the maintenance and support of prisoners and the handling of litigation affecting the county
4 Establish and conduct public health and sanitation programs and provide for the collection and preservation of records and vital statistics
5 Establish and maintain a county police department
6 Provide medical or other care and hospitalization for the indigent sick and to support paupers
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7 Pay county agricultural and home demonstration agents and conduct programs utilizing the services of such agents
8 Establish and conduct programs of welfare benefits and public assistance as may be provided by law
9 Provide fire protection for forest lands and conserve natural resources
10 Provide insurance retirement and pension benefits coverage under Federal Old Age and Survivors Insurance programs hospitalization benefits and workmens compensation benefits for its officers and employees their dependents and survivors and for public school teachers and personnel their dependents and survivors Provided that all such payments for public school teachers and personnel their dependents and survivors shall be paid from education funds
11 Establish and maintain a recreation system
12 To provide for paying the principal and interest of any debt of the county and to provide a sinking fund therefor
13 To provide for reasonable reserves for public improvements as may be fixed by law
14 To provide for the support and maintenance of public schools public education and activities necessary and incidental thereto including school lunches as provided in Article VIII of this Constitution upon the assessed value of all taxable property within the county exclusive of any independent school system therein
The grant of powers to counties contained in this Paragraph and in Paragraph IV of this Section shall not operate to prohibit the General Assembly from enacting general laws relative to the above subject matters or to prohibit the General Assembly by general law from regulating restricting or limiting the exercise of such powers except that the authority of the General Assembly provided herein shall not be construed to authorize the General Assembly to affect or modify the authority and duty of the governing authorities of counties to levy the tax provided for by subparagraph 14 above The General Assembly shall act upon the above subject matters only by general law The General Assembly shall not have the authority to withdraw any such powers If population is used as a basis for classification for the applicability of any Act to any political subdivision or subdivisions of this State on the above subject matters the Act shall apply only to political subdivisions of less than a specified population or shall apply to political subdivisions of more than a specified population
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Paragraph III Establishment of Taxing Districts Except as provided in Paragraph II of Section IV herein or under the authority of a general or local law a county governing authority may not district a county to provide water sewerage garbage electricity gas or fire protection services Such services shall be authorized only by an act of the General Assembly establishing or authorizing the establishment of a special district or districts therefor and authorizing such county to levy a tax only upon the taxable property in such districts for the purpose of constructing and maintaining facilities therefor conditioned upon the assent of a majority of the qualified voters of any such proposed district voting in an election for that purpose held as provided by law
Paragraph IV Eminent Domain Any county is hereby authorized to exercise the power of eminent domain for any public purpose
Section VI
Contracts
Paragraph I Contracts For Use of Public Facilities a The State State institutions any city town municipality or county of this State may contract for any period not exceeding fifty years with each other or with any public agency public corporation or authority now or hereafter created for the use by such subdivisions or the residents thereof of any facilities or services of the State State institutions any city town municipality county public agency public corporation or authority provided such contracts shall deal with such activities and transactions as such subdivisions are by law authorized to undertake
Notwithstanding any other provision of any other Section of any other Article of this Constitution the General Assembly shall include in each General Appropriations Act in the appropriation payable to each department agency or institution of the State in addition to such other items as may be included in such appropriation and whether or not any other items are included sums sufficient to satisfy the payments required to be made in each year under lease contracts now entered into pursuant to this Paragraph 1a by and between such department agency or institution of the State and any State authority which was created and activated on or before November 8 1960 which said lease contracts constitute security for bonds or any other obligations heretofore issued by any such authority In the event for any reason any such appropriation is not made then the fiscal officers of the State are hereby authorized and directed to set up on their appropriation accounts in each fiscal year as an appropriation the respective amounts required by each such department agency or institution of the State to pay the obligations called for under any such lease contract The amount of the appropriation in each fiscal year to meet such lease contract obligations as authorized hereunder shall
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be due and payable to each such department agency or institution of the State in each fiscal year to be expended for the purpose of paying the lease contract obligation required under the terms and conditions of such lease contracts and said appropriation shall have the same legal status as if the General Assembly had included the amount of the appropriation in a General Appropriations Act
b Any city town municipality or county of this State is empowered in connection with any contracts authorized by the preceding paragraph to convey to any public agency public corporation or authority now or hereafter created existing facilities operated by such city town municipality or county for the benefit of residents of such subdivisions provided the land buildings and equipment so conveyed shall not be mortgaged or pledged to secure obligations of any such public agency public corporation or authority and provided such facilities are to be maintained and operated by such public agency public corporation or authority for the same purposes for which such facilities were operated by such city town municipality or county Nothing in this Section shall restrict the pledging of revenues of such facilities by any public agency public corporation or authority
c Any city town municipality or county of this State or any combination of the same may contract with any public agency public corporation or authority for the care maintenance and hospitalization of its indigent sick and may as a part of such contract obligate itself to pay for the cost of acquisition construction modernization or repairs of necessary buildings and facilities by such public agency public corporation or authority and provide for the payment of such services and the cost to such public agency public corporations or authority of acquisition construction modernization or repair of buildings and facilities from revenues realized by such city town municipality or county from any taxes authorized by the Constitution of this State or revenues derived from any other sources
Paragraph II Liability Insurance The governing authority of each county is hereby authorized in its discretion to purchase liability insurance to cover damages on account of bodily injury or death to any person or damage to property of any person arising by reason of ownership maintenance operation or use of any motor vehicle by such county whether as a result of a governmental undertaking or not and to pay premiums therefor The governing authority is hereby authorized to levy a tax for such purpose In the event of purchasing such insurance the governmental immunity of the county shall be waived to the extent of the amount of insurance so purchased Neither the county nor the insurer shall be entitled to plead governmental immunity as a defense and may make only such defense as could be made if the insured were a private person The
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county shall be liable only for damages suffered while said insurance is in force No attempt shall be made in the trial of any action brought against the county to suggest the existence of any insurance which covers in whole or in part any judgment or award which may be rendered in favor of the plaintiff If the verdict rendered by the jury exceeds the limitation of the insurance the court shall reduce the amount to a sum equal to the applicable limitations stated in the policy
Section VII
Limitation on County and Municipal Debts
Paragraph I Debts of Counties and Cities The debt hereafter incurred by any county municipal corporation or political subdivision of this State except as in this Constitution provided for shall never exceed ten per centum of the assessed value of all the taxable property therein and no such county municipality or division shall incur any new debt except for a temporary loan or loans to supply casual deficiencies of revenue not to exceed onefifth of one per centum of the assessed value of the taxable property therein without the assent of a majority of the qualified voters of the county municipality or other political subdivision voting in an election for that purpose to be held as prescribed by law and provided further that all laws charter provisions and ordinances heretofore passed or enacted providing special registration of the voters of counties municipal corporations and other political subdivisions of this State to pass upon the issuance of bonds by such counties municipal corporations and other political subdivisions of this State are hereby declared to be null and void and the General Assembly shall hereafter have no power to pass or enact any law providing for such special registration but the validity of any and all bond issues by such counties municipal corporations or other political subdivisions made prior to January 1 1945 shall not be affected hereby provided that any county or municipality of this State may accept and use funds granted by the Federal Government or any agency thereof to aid in financing the cost of architectural engineering economic investigations studies surveys designs plans working drawings specifications procedures and other action preliminary to the construction of public works and where the funds so used for the purposes specified are to be repaid within a period of ten years
Every county is hereby empowered to create debt by way of borrowing from private individuals firms corporations or partnerships as well as from the State for the purpose of paying the whole or part of the cost of property valuation and equalization programs for ad valorem tax purposes to contract for the repayment thereof and to issue notes or other like instruments as evidence of the obligation to repay the debt so contracted without being subject to any limit as to amount of such
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debt so created and without the necessity of approval thereof by the qualified voters of that county provided nevertheless that the debt shall be payable in one or more equal installments one of which shall fall due at least each year but which may fall due each month the last of which shall mature not more than seven years from the date of creation and shall not bear interest in excess of five 5 per cent per annum on unpaid principal and a tax shall be levied on the taxable property of the county as may be needed to repay such debt so created provided however that no county shall be empowered to create debt under the provisions of this paragraph for the purposes of a property valuation and equalization program until such program and all contracts to be entered into pursuant thereto shall have been approved by the State Revenue Commissioner and until such county shall have entered into an agreement with the State Revenue Commissioner that such program shall be carried out in accordance with such Rules and Regulations pertaining to such programs as may be promulgated by the Commissioner
All existing local constitutional amendments adopted prior to November 5 1974 relating to maximum bond debt limitation shall continue to be of full force and effect and shall not be affected by this Paragraph
Paragraph II Levy of Taxes to Pay Bonds Any county municipal corporation or political division of this State which shall incur any bonded indebtedness under the provisions of this Constitution shall at or before the time of so doing provide for the assessment and collection of an annual tax sufficient in amount to pay the principal and interest of said debt within thirty years from the date of the incurring of said indebtedness
Paragraph III Additional Debt Authorized When In addition to the debt authorized in Paragraph I of this Section to be created by any county municipal corporation or political subdivision of this State a debt may be incurred by any county municipal corporation or political subdivision of this State in excess of seven per centum of the assessed value of all the taxable property therein upon the following conditions Such additional debt whether incurred at one or more times shall not exceed in the aggregate three per centum of the assessed value of all the taxable property in such county municipality or political subdivision such additional debt shall be payable in equal installments within the five years next succeeding the issuance of the evidences of such debt there shall be levied by the governing authorities of such county municipality or political subdivision prior to the issuance of such additional debt a tax upon all of the taxable property within such county municipality or political subdivision collectible annually sufficient to pay in full the principal and interest of such additional debt when as due such tax shall be in addition to and separate from all other taxes levied by such taxing authorities and
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the collections from such tax shall be kept separate and shall be held used and applied solely for the payment of the principal and interest of such additional indebtedness authority to create such additional indebtedness shall first have been authorized by the General Assembly the creation of such additional indebtedness shall have been first authorized by a vote of the registered voters of such county municipality or political subdivision at an election held for such purpose pursuant to and in accordance with the provisions of this Constitution and of the then existing laws for the creation of a debt by counties municipal corporations and political subdivisions of this State all of which provisions including those for calling advertising holding and determining the result of such election and the votes necessary to authorize the creation of an indebtedness are hereby made applicable to an election held for the purpose of authorizing such additional indebtedness
Paragraph IV Temporary Loans Authorized Conditions In addition to the obligations hereinbefore allowed each county municipality political subdivision of the State authorized to levy taxes and county board of education is given the authority to make temporary loans between January 1st and December 31st in each year to pay expenses for such year upon the following conditions The aggregate amount of all such loans of such county municipality political subdivision or county Board of Education outstanding at any one time shall not exceed 75 of the total gross income of such county municipality political subdivision or county Board of Education from taxes collected by such county municipality political subdivision or county Board of Education in the last preceding year Such loans shall be payable on or before December 31st of the calendar year in which such loan is made No loan may be made in any year under the provisions of this Paragraph when there is a loan then unpaid which was made in a prior year under the provisions of this Paragraph Each such loan shall be first authorized by resolution fixing the terms of such loan adopted by a majority vote of the governing body of such county city political subdivision or county Board of Education at a meeting legally held and such resolution shall appear upon the minutes of such meeting No such county municipality subdivision or county Board of Education shall incur in any one calendar year an aggregate of such temporary loans and other contracts or obligations for current expenses in excess of the total anticipated revenue of such county municipality subdivision or county Board of Education for such calendar year or issue in one calendar year notes warrants or other evidences of such indebtedness in a total amount in excess of such anticipated revenue for such year
Paragraph V Community Disaster Loans In addition to the obligations hereinbefore allowed each county municipality and political subdivision of the State authorized to levy taxes is hereby granted the authority to
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obtain federal community disaster loans in an amount up to twentyfive percent of the anticipated revenues for the fiscal year in which the disaster occurs in accordance with and pursuant to the provisions of the Federal Disaster Relief Act of 1974 Public Law 93288 provided that authorization for such loans is contingent upon the county municipality or political subdivision of the State suffering a substantial loss of tax and other revenues as a result of a major disaster and the existence of a demonstrated need for financial assistance in order to perform its governmental functions Federal community disaster loans may only be applied for and obtained from the federal government under the condition that requirement of repayment of all or any part of such loans shall be cancelled in the event that and to the extent that revenues of the county municipality or political subdivision during the full threeyear fiscal period following the major disaster are insufficient to meet the operating budget of the local government including additional disaster related expenses of a municipal operation character
Section VIII
Revenue Obligations
Paragraph I Revenue Anticipation Obligations Revenue anticipation obligations may be issued by any county municipal corporation or political subdivision of this State to provide funds for the purchase or construction in whole or in part of any revenueproducing facility which such county municipal corporation or political subdivision is authorized by the Act of the General Assembly approved March 31 1937 known as The Revenue Certificate Laws of 1937 as amended by the Act approved March 14 1939 to construct and operate or to provide funds to extend repair or improve any such existing facility and to buy construct extend operate and maintain gas or electric generating and distribution systems together with all necessary appurtenances thereof Such revenue anticipation obligations shall be payable as to principal and interest only from revenue produced by revenueproducing facilities of the issuing political subdivisions and shall not be deemed debts of or to create debts against the issuing political subdivisions within the meaning of this paragraph or any other of this Constitution This authority shall apply only to revenue anticipation obligations issued to provide funds for the purchase construction extension repair or improvement of such facilities and undertakings as are specifically authorized and enumerated by said Act of 1937 as amended by said Act of 1939 and to buy construct extend operate and maintain gas or electric generating and distribution systems together with all necessary appurtenances thereof provided further any revenue certificates issued to buy construct extend operate and maintain gas or electric generating and distribution systems shall before being undertaken be authorized by a majority of those voting at an election held
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for the purpose in the county municipal corporation or political subdivision affected the election for such to be held in the same manner as is used in issuing bonds of such county municipal corporation or political subdivision and the said elections shall be called and provided for by officers in charge of the fiscal affairs of said county municipal corporation or political subdivision affected and no such issuing political subdivision of the State shall exercise the power of taxation for the purpose of paying the principal or interest of any such revenue anticipation obligations or any part thereof
Provided that after a favorable election has been held as set forth above if municipalities counties or other political subdivisions shall purchase construct or operate such electric or gas utility plants from the proceeds of said revenue certificates and extend their services beyond the limits of th county in which the municipality or political subdivision is located then its services rendered and property located outside said county shall be subject to taxation and regulation as are privately owned and operated utilities
The General Assembly is authorized to create an instrumentality and department of the State of Georgia to be known as the Brunswick Ports Authority and to provide for its powers and functions Act number 314 of the Acts of the General Assembly of 1945 Ga L 1945 p 1023 as amended by House Bill number 1053 of the General Assembly of 1958 Ga L 1958 p 82 is hereby ratified and confirmed so that the said Acts shall have the same force and effect as if they had been enacted subsequent to the amendment adopted November 8 1960 to Article VII Section VII Paragraph V of the Constitution of 1945 provided however that nothing herein shall prevent the General Assembly from amending said Acts so as to add and enlarge powers of the Authority
Paragraph II Revenue Obligations Authorized The development of trade commerce industry and employment opportunities is hereby declared to be a public purpose vital to the welfare of the people of this State The General Assembly may create Development Authorities to promote and further such purposes or may authorize the creation of such an Authority by any county or municipal corporation or combinations thereof under such uniform terms and conditions as it may deem necessary The General Assembly may exempt from taxation Development Authority obligations properties activities or income and may authorize the issuance of Revenue Obligations by such Authorities which shall not constitute an indebtedness of the State within the meaning of Section VII of this Article
The General Assembly may provide for the validation of any Revenue Obligations authorized and that such validation shall thereafter be incontestable and conclusive
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Paragraph III Refunding Bonds The General Assembly is hereby authorized to create a commission and to vest such commission with the power to secure all necessary information and to approve or disapprove the issuance of bonds for the purpose of refunding any bonded indebtedness of any county municipality or political subdivision of this State issued prior to the adoption of the Constitution of 1945 including the authority to approve or disapprove the amount and terms of such refunding bonds together with such other powers as to the General Assembly may seem proper but not in conflict with the provisions of the Constitution Such refunding bonds shall be authorized only where such county municipality or political subdivision has not the funds available to meet the payment of outstanding bonded indebtedness through failure to levy and collect the required taxes or through failure to maintain the required sinking fund for such bonds The General Assembly may approve the issuance of the said refunding bonds under the conditions stated Such refunding bonds shall not together with all other outstanding bonded indebtedness exceed the limits fixed by this Constitution for the maximum amount of bonded indebtedness which may be issued by such county municipality or political subdivision and shall be otherwise governed by all of the terms and provisions of this Constitution No bonds shall be issued under this paragraph to refund any bonds issued after the adoption of the Constitution of 1945
Paragraph IV Refunding Bonds to Reduce Bonded Indebtedness The General Assembly is further authorized to give to the said Commission the power and authority to approve or disapprove the issuance of bonds to refund any outstanding bonded indebtedness of any county municipality or political subdivision now or hereafter issued for the purpose of reducing the amount payable principal or interest on such bonded indebtedness and upon the condition that the issuance of such refunding bonds will reduce the amounts payable upon such outstanding bonds principal or interest Such refunding bonds shall replace such outstanding bonded indebtedness The said Commission shall have the authority to approve or disapprove the terms of any such proposed refunding bonds The General Assembly may authorize the issuance of such refunding bonds issued for the said purpose when approved by the said Commission and authorized by the governing authority of such county municipality or subdivision without an election by the qualified voters as otherwise required but in all other respects such refunding bonds shall comply with the provisions of this Constitution
Paragraph V Sinking Funds for Bonds All amounts collected from any source for the purpose of paying the principal and interest of any bonded indebtedness of any county municipality or subdivision and to provide for the retirement of such bonded indebtedness above the amount needed to pay the principal and interest on such bonded indebtedness due in the year of such collection shall be placed in a sinking fund to be held and
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used to pay off the principal and interest of such bonded indebtedness thereafter maturing
The funds in such sinking fund shall be kept separate and apart from all other moneys of such county municipality or subdivision and shall be used for no purpose other than that above stated The moneys in such sinking fund may be invested and reinvested by the governing authorities of such county municipality or subdivision or by such other authority as has been created to hold and manage such sinking fund in the bonds of such county municipality or subdivision in the bonds or obligations of the State of Georgia of the counties and cities thereof and of the government of the United States of subsidiary corporations of the Federal Government fully guaranteed by such government and in accounts and certificates which are fully insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or the Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation and no other Any person or persons violating the above provisions shall be guilty of malpractice in office and shall also be guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be punished when convicted as prescribed by law for the punishment of misdemeanors until the General Assembly shall make other provisions for the violation of the terms of this paragraph
ARTICLE X
RETIREMENT SYSTEMS AND ED UCA TIONA L SC HO LA RSHIPS
Section I
Retirement Systems
Paragraph I Teacher Retirement SystemTaxation For The powers of taxation may be exercised by the State through the General Assembly and by counties and municipalities for the purpose of paying pensions and other benefits and costs under a teacher retirement system or systems provided no indebtedness against the State shall ever be created for the purpose herein stated in excess of the taxes lawfully levied each fiscal year under Acts of the General Assembly authorized hereunder
Paragraph II Retirement System for Employees The General Assembly is authorized to establish an actuarially sound retirement system for employees under a merit system
Paragraph III Public School Employees Retirement System The General Assembly is hereby authorized to provide by law for the creation of an actuarially sound participating retirement system for all employees of public schools who are not covered by the Teachers Retirement System
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including but not limited to school bus drivers school lunchroom personnel school maintenance personnel and school custodial personnel The General Assembly is further authorized to provide in said Act creating such retirement system or in any amendatory Acts thereto for the expenditure of State funds and the funds of county and independent boards of education in support of said retirement system in such manner as the General Assembly shall determine
Paragraph IV Firemens Pension System The powers of taxation may be exercised by the State through the General Assembly and the counties and municipalities for the purpose of paying pensions and other benefits and costs under a firemens pension system or systems The taxes so levied may be collected by such firemens pension system or systems and disbursed therefrom by authority of the General Assembly for the purposes herein authorized
Paragraph V Increased Retirement Benefits Authorized a Any other provisions of this Constitution to the contrary notwithstanding the General Assembly is hereby authorized to provide by law from time to time for the increase of retirement or other benefits of retired persons who have retired or who retire in the future pursuant to any retirement system annuity and benefit fund system pension system or any similar system which such system was created by law and such law provided that such system be funded wholly or partly from fines and forfeitures No formerly retired person shall receive any greater benefits than those benefits provided by law to be received upon retirement by members of the system who have not retired nor shall any such formerly retired person receive any increased benefits unless all formerly retired persons entitled to receive such increased benefits participate pro rata therein
b Any other provisions of this Constitution to the contrary notwithstanding the General Assembly is hereby authorized to provide by law from time to time for the increase of retirement or pension benefits of retired public schoolteachers who retired pursuant to a retirement or pension system of a county municipality or local board of education The General Assembly shall be authorized to expend State funds for such purposes in such manner and pursuant to such terms and conditions as the General Assembly may provide by law
c Any other provisions of this Constitution to the contrary notwithstanding the General Assembly is hereby authorized to provide by law from time to time for the increase of retirement or pension benefits of retired persons who retired pursuant to any retirement system annuity and benefit fund pension system or any similar system heretofore or hereafter created by law to which the General Assembly appropriates funds The General Assembly shall be authorized to appropriate funds
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for the purpose of increasing the retirement or pension benefits of such retired persons
Section II
Educational Scholarships Loans and Grants
Paragraph I Authorization Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Constitution the General Assembly is hereby authorized to provide by law for a program or programs of loans scholarships and grants and the insuring of loans and payment of interest on loans to citizens of this State for educational purposes The General Assembly is authorized to provide for all matters relative to such programs Taxes may be levied and public funds expended for such purposes
Paragraph II Grants for Education Notwithstanding any other provision of this Constitution the General Assembly may by law provide for grants of State county or municipal funds to citizens of the State for educational purposes in discharge of all obligation of the State to provide adequate education for its citizens
Paragraph III State Medical Education Board There is hereby created a board to be known as the State Medical Education Board to consist of five members one of whom shall be the President of the Medical Association of Georgia one of whom shall be the immediate past President of the Medical Association of Georgia and three members to be appointed by the Governor who shall be qualified electors of the State of Georgia The members of the board in office on the effective date of this Constitution shall serve out the remainder of their respective terms Thereafter the Governor shall appoint three members for a term of four years and shall appoint the President and the immediate past President of the Mediical Association of Georgia pursuant to their position and office in those respective capacities Vacancies shall be filled by appointment by the Governor for the unexpired term
The members of the Board shall receive such compensation and allowances as provided by law for attending meetings of the board or in traveling elsewhere in the discharge of their duties requiring their absence from their respective places of abode same to be paid upon the approval of the Chairman or ViceChairman of the Board out of any funds made available to said Board
The secretary of the Board shall be whosoever is serving as the secretary of the Board of Regents who shall keep the records and minutes of the proceedings of the Board and who shall also keep the books records and accounts of the Board and whose compensation as secretary of this Board
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shall be fixed by the Board The secretary shall prepare and countersign all checks vouchers and warrants drawn upon the funds of the Board and the same shall be signed by the Chairman of the Board The secretary shall also be the treasurer of the Board and shall keep an account for all the funds of the Board and shall execute and file with the Board a surety bond in the sum of 1000000 payable to the State of Georgia and conditioned upon the faithful performance of his duties and that he shall properly account for all funds coming into his hands as such secretary the premium on such bond to be paid out of the funds of the Board
The board may employ clerical assistance as is required and needed
The board shall elect a chairman and also a vicechairman to serve in the absence or inability of the chairman The board shall maintain an office at the Medical College of Georgia and shall meet at the said office or elsewhere at least once each quarter at such time as may be fixed by the board Special meetings shall be held upon call of the chairman Three members of the board shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business and the board shall keep full complete and permanent minutes and records of all its proceedings and actions
It shall be the duty of the board to receive and pass upon allow or disallow all applications for loans or scholarships made by students who are bona fide citizens and residents of the State of Georgia and who desire to become doctors of medicine and who are acceptable for enrollment in a qualified fouryear medical school The purpose of such loans shall be to enable such applicants to obtain a standard fouryear medical education which will qualify them to become licensed practicing physicians within the State of Georgia It shall be the duty of the board to make a careful and full investigation of the ability character and qualifications of each applicant and determine his fitness to become the recipient of such loan or scholarship and for that purpose the board may propound such examination to each applicant which it deems proper and the said board may prescribe such rules and regulations as it deems necessary and proper to carry out the purpose and intention of this Paragraph The investigation of the applicant shall include an investigation of the ability of the applicant or of the parents of such applicant to pay his own tuition at such a medical school and the board in granting such loans and scholarships shall give preference to qualified applicants who or whose parents are unable to pay the applicants tuition at such a medical school
The said board shall have authority to grant to each applicant deemed by the board to be qualified to receive the same a loan or scholarship for the purpose of acquiring a medical education as herein provided for upon such terms and conditions to be imposed by the board as provided for in this Paragraph
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Applicants who are granted loans or scholarships by the Board shall receive a loan or scholarship not to exceed 1500000 to any one applicant to be paid in such manner as may be determined by the Board with which to defray the tuition and other expenses of any such applicant in any responsible accepted and accredited medical college or school in the United States The loans and scholarships herein provided shall not exceed the sum herein stated but they may be prorated in such manner as to pay to the medical college or school to which any applicant is admitted such funds as are required by that college or school and the balance to be paid direct to the applicant all of which shall be under such terms and conditions as may be provided under rules and regulations of the Board The said loans or scholarships to be granted to each applicant shall be based upon the condition that the full amount thereof shall be repaid to the State of Georgia in services to be rendered by the applicant by practicing his profession at some place within the State of Georgia to be approved by the Board Onefifth of the loan or scholarship together with interest thereon shall be credited to the applicant for each year of practicing his profession in a community of 15000 population or less according to the United States Decennial Census of 1970 or any future such census or at Central State Hospital Gracewood State School and Hospital or at any facility operated by or under the jurisdiction of the Department of Human Resources or at any of the above facilities of the Department of Offender Rehabilitation The Board shall have the authority to cancel the contract of any applicant at any time for cause deemed sufficient by the Board Upon cancellation of the contract for any cause whatsoever including default or breach thereof by the applicant the total uncredited amount of the scholarship paid to the applicant shall at once become due and payable to the Board in cash with interest at the rate of nine percent 9 per annum from the date of each payment by the Board compounded annually
Each applicant before being granted a loan or scholarship shall enter into a contract with the State of Georgia agreeing to the terms and conditions upon which the loan or scholarship shall be granted to him which said contract shall include such terms and provisions as will carry out the full purpose and intent of this Paragraph and the form thereof shall be prepared and approved by the AttorneyGeneral of this State and shall be signed by the chairman of the board countersigned by the secretary and shall be signed by the applicant For the purposes of this Paragraph the disabilities of minority of all applicants granted loans or scholarships hereunder shall be and the same are hereby removed and the said applicants are declared to be of full lawful age for the purpose of entering into the contract hereinabove provided for and such contract so executed by an applicant is hereby declared to be a valid and binding contract the same as though the said applicant were of the full age of 18 years and upward The board is hereby vested with full and complete authority and power to sue in its own name any applicant for any balance due the board on any such contract
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It shall be the duty of the board to contact and make inquiry of such of the fouryear medical colleges and schools as herein provided as it deems proper and make such arrangements and enter into such contracts within the limitations as to cost as herein provided for the admission of students granted loans or scholarships by the board such contracts to be approved by the AttorneyGeneral of this State and the money obligations of such contract as made by the board with any such colleges shall be paid for out of funds to be provided by law for such purposes and all students granted loans or scholarships shall attend a medical school with which the board has entered into a contract or any accredited fouryear medical school or college in which said applicant may obtain admission and which is approved by the board
The board shall have authority to cancel any contract made between it and any applicant for loans or scholarships upon cause deemed sufficient by the board And the board shall have authority to cancel such contracts which it may lawfully cancel made with any of the colleges or schools as herein provided
All payments of funds for loans or scholarships hereunder shall be made by requisition of the board signed by the chairman and the secretary directed to the auditor of public accounts who shall thereupon issue a warrant on the treasury of the State of Georgia for the amount fixed in the requisition and payable to the person designated thereon which said warrant upon presentation shall be paid by the Director Fiscal Division Department of Administrative Services or such other officer as may be designated by law out of any funds appropriated by the legislature for the purposes provided for under this Paragraph
All funds made available to the board by Act of the legislature for the purpose of defraying expenses of the board and the salaries of its secretary and employees shall be paid over and received by the treasurer of this board and by him deposited in some solvent bank within the State of Georgia selected by the board and such funds may be drawn and expended by check or warrant signed by the chairman and attested by the secretary
The board shall make a biennial report to the legislature of its activities loans or scholarships granted names of persons to whom granted and the institutions attended by those receiving the same the location of the applicants who have received their education and become licensed physicians and surgeons within this State as a result of the said loans andor scholarships and where they are practicing and shall make a full report of all its expenditures for salaries and expenses incurred hereunder
It is the purpose and intent of this Paragraph to bring about an adequate supply of doctors of medicine in the more sparsely populated areas of
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the State of Georgia by increasing the number of medical students from Georgia in the various medical schools and inducing a sufficient number of the graduates from medical schools to return to Georgia and practice their profession thus affording adequate medical care to the people of Georgia
Paragraph IV State Dental Education Board There shall be a State Dental Education Board of Georgia which is authorized to grant loans or scholarships to students who are citizens and residents of the State of Georgia and who desire to become dentists The appointment of members of said State Dental Education Board of Georgia their qualifications terms of office powers duties functions and authority and the provision of funds to carry out the purposes provided for herein shall be as enacted and appropriated by the General Assembly of the State of Georgia
Paragraph V State Scholarship Commission The General Assembly is hereby authorized to provide by law a State Scholarship Commission to be authorized and empowered to activate inaugurate and conduct a program to provide for the granting of scholarships to students desiring to study courses in the paramedical professional or educational fields The General Assembly is hereby authorized to provide for the duties powers authority jurisdiction and composition of any such commission and is authorized to provide for all other matters relative to the purposes provided for herein
Paragraph VI Mental Health Scholarships The Commissioner of Human Resources with the approval of the Board of Human Resources is hereby authorized to extend scholarships to physicians and other personnel to take post graduate courses in the various schools and clinics in the United States so as to enable them to be better qualified in the diagnosis care and treatment of mental illness As a prerequisite to the grant of such scholarship the recipient thereof must agree to actively engage in the practice of his profession in a hospital operated by the State of Georgia under the supervision of the State of Georgia or at some place approved by the authority granting the scholarship on the basis of one year of service for each year of training received The remedies for the enforcing of service required shall be the same as provided for medical grants and scholarships and such other remedies as may be provided by law
Paragraph VII Board of Regents Scholarships The Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia shall have the authority to grant to qualified students who are citizens and bona fide residents of the State of Georgia and who would not otherwise have available the funds necessary to obtain an education such scholarships as are necessary for them to complete programs of study offered by institutions of the University System of Georgia with the exception of the program leading to the
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degree of Doctor of Medicine The terms and conditions thereof shall be prescribed and regulated by the Board of Regents but shall include the condition that recipients of such scholarships shall upon the completion of their programs of study reside in the State of Georgia and engage in activities for which they were prepared through the scholarships for a period of one year for each 1000 received The General Assembly shall appropriate such funds to the Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia as it sees fit in order to carry out the purposes of this provision
It shall be the duty of the Board of Regents to receive and pass upon allow or disallow all applications for scholarships to contract increase decrease terminate and otherwise regulate all grants for scholarships and to manage operate and control all funds appropriated for this purpose
Paragraph VIII Scholarships for Prospective Teachers The State Board of Education shall have the authority to grant to citizens who are interested in becoming teachers and who are bona fide residents of the State of Georgia such scholarships as are necessary for them to complete programs of study in preparation for teaching The terms and conditions thereof shall be prescribed and regulated by the State Board of Education but shall include the condition that recipients of such scholarships shall upon the completion of their programs of study teach in the public schools of Georgia for a period of one year for each 1000 received and include the further provision that any person using any such scholarship shall teach in the public schools of Georgia for at least three years in any event
The General Assembly shall have the authority to appropriate such funds to the State Board of Education as it deems wise and proper to carry out the purposes of this provision
It shall be the duty of the State Board of Education to receive and pass upon allow or disallow all applications for scholarships for teachers to contract increase decrease terminate and otherwise regulate all grants for scholarships and to manage operate and control all funds appropriated for this purpose
Paragraph IX State Participation in Federal Educational Programs The General Assembly is hereby authorized to appropriate funds to any State department or other State agency for the purpose of being used to obtain funds from the Federal Government for educational scholarships educational loans and other educational purposes and all such State departments and other State agencies shall be authorized to use the funds so appropriated and the funds received from the Federal Government for the purposes authorized and directed by the Federal Government in making such funds available
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Paragraph X Scholarships Financed from State Agency Funds State departments and agencies of the State government of Georgia shall have the authority to disburse State funds to match federal funds in order to provide qualified employees with educational scholarships and for use in other federal education programs but shall include the condition that personnel to whom the scholarships are extended must as a prerequisite thereto agree to work for the department or agency granting the scholarships for at least one year for each year spent in study or refund the money received for such scholarships pro rata The terms and conditions thereof shall be prescribed and regulated by the various departments and agencies granting the scholarships Provided further that no additional appropriation shall be made by the General Assembly to finance such scholarships but the same shall be financed from the regular appropriations to the various State departments and State agencies It shall be the duty of the various State departments and State agencies to receive and pass upon allow or disallow all applications for scholarships in accordance with rules and regulations prescribed by them to contract increase decrease terminate and otherwise regulate all grants for scholarships and to manage operate and to control all funds used for this purpose
Paragraph XI Scholarships to Children of Law Enforcement Officers Firemen Etc The General Assembly is hereby authorized to provide by law for a program to grant scholarships or other assistance to the children of law enforcement officers firemen and prison guards who are permanently disabled or killed in the line of duty to enable such children to acquire an education beyond the 12th grade or to enable such children to attend a vocationaltechnical school The General Assembly shall be further authorized to provide by law for the terms and conditions for granting such scholarships or other assistance and shall provide that the program established in pursuance of this Paragraph shall be administered by the State Scholarship Commission or the Higher Education Assistance Corporation as the General Assembly shall determine The General Assembly is hereby further authorized to appropriate any funds it deems necessary for the purpose of carrying out the provisions of this Paragraph
The General Assembly is hereby authorized and empowered to appropriate any amount of funds it deems necessary for the purposes of implementing any Act which becomes law as authorized by this Paragraph
Paragraph XII Vocational Rehabilitation Grants Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Constitution whenever the State Board of Vocational Education may be entitled to receive Federal funds made available under the Vocational Rehabilitation Act 29 United States Code Chapter 4 or any amendment thereto said Board shall be authorized to receive and administer such funds in accordance with the terms of the grant and where the grant so provides may disburse said funds to nonprofit
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corporations or associations which are engaged solely in the vocational rehabilitation of disabled persons provided however that nothing in this Paragraph shall be construed to authorize the expenditure of any State funds until the same shall have been appropriated by the General Assembly
Paragraph XIII Tuition Grants to Children of Certain Prisoners of ITar The General Assembly is hereby authorized to provide by law for tuition grants to qualified students who are children of certain United States servicemen as hereinafter provided to enable them to complete programs of study offered in the educational institutions of this State The tuition grants shall apply to children of servicemen who were bona fide residents of this State at the time of their entry into the Armed Forces and who are certified by the United States Department of Defense or the United States Veterans Administration as missing in action for more than 90 days or captured in line of duty by a hostile force or forcibly detained or interned in line of duty by a foreign power since 26 March 1964 provided however that this shall not include any serviceman who is not in fact missing in action but is missing because of unlawful actions on his part The provisions of this Paragraph shall not apply to children born to any serviceman after his missing in action status is clarified or after his release from prison The provisions of this Paragraph shall not apply to children of any servicemen who were discharged under other than honorable conditions The provisions of this Paragraph shall not apply to the children of any servicemen who are eligible for federal benefits under the provisions of Chapter 31 Title 38 U S Code Annotated Veterans Vocational Rehabilitation Chapter 34 Title 38 U S Code Annotated Veterans Educational Assistance or Chapter 35 Title 38 U S Code Annotated Veterans War Orphans Educational Assistance Act The recipients of such tuition grants must attend institutions within the University System of Georgia or vocational training institutions administered by the State Board of Education The educational assistance to children of servicemen under the provisions of this Paragraph shall cover a period not in excess of 36 months or the equivalent thereof in parttime training The educational assistance to children of servicemen under the provisions of this Paragraph shall begin on the eighteenth birthday of such children or the successful completion of secondary schooling whichever occurs first and end on their twentysixth birthday The term child or children shall include individuals who are married The Georgia State Scholarship Commission and the State Board of Education are hereby charged with the administration of this Paragraph and may promulgate necessary rules regulations and procedures to carry out the purposes of this Paragraph The General Assembly shall appropriate the necessary funds for said tuition grants
Paragraph XIV Direct Loans for Students a The General Assembly is hereby authorized to provide by law for a program of guaranteed student
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loans and for the payment of interest on such loans which loans shall be used for the purpose of acquiring an education beyond the twelfth 12th grade The General Assembly is authorized to create an authority a corporation or other entity for the purpose of administering any such law Such law shall provide the agencies which may participate in any such loan program which may include commercial banks savings banks savings and loan associations life insurance companies credit unions and retirement and pension systems Such law shall provide a maximum rate of interest which may be charged for such loans and shall provide a portion of such interest which will be paid by the State State funds may be expended for such purposes and the General Assembly is hereby authorized to appropriate money therefor The General Assembly is also authorized to provide that contributions for the purposes provided herein shall be deductible for State income tax purposes The General Assembly is also authorized to provide for such tax exemptions as shall be deemed advisable in connection with such program The General Assembly is hereby authorized to provide for all other matters relative to the purposes provided for herein
b The General Assembly is hereby authorized to provide by law for the issuance of revenue bonds for the purpose of making direct loans to students in order to allow such students to acquire an education beyond the 12th grade The amount of such revenue bonds that may be outstanding at any one time the interest rates terms and conditions associated with the issuance of such bonds and all other matters relating to the issuance of such bonds shall be as the General Assembly shall provide by law Such bonds shall be retired by the proceeds derived from the repayment of such student loans plus the interest which may be such rate or rates as the General Assembly shall determine on such loans in such manner and under such terms and conditions as the General Assembly shall determine To the extent necessary to secure the issuance and sale of such bonds such bonds may be retired from State funds in such manner as the General Assembly shall determine any other provisions of this Constitution to the contrary notwithstanding
Paragraph XV Grants and Scholarships to College Students The General Assembly is authorized to provide by law for grants or scholarships to citizens of Georgia who are students attending colleges or universities in this State which are not branches of the University System of Georgia The General Assembly shall provide the procedures under which such grants or scholarships shall be made and is authorized to provide appropriations for such purposes
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ARTICLE XI
THE LAWS OF GENERAL OPERATION IN FORCE IN THIS STATE
Section I
Paragraph I Supreme Law The laws of general operation in this State are first As the Supreme law The Constitution of the United States the laws of the United States in pursuance thereof and all treaties made under the authority of the United States
Paragraph II Second in Authority Second As next in authority thereto This Constitution
Paragraph III Third in Authority Third In subordination to the foregoing All laws now of force in this State not inconsistent with this Constitution shall remain of force until the same are modified or repealed by the General Assembly
Paragraph IV Local and Private Acts Local and private acts passed for the benefit of counties cities towns corporations and private persons not inconsistent with the Supreme law nor with this Constitution and which have not expired nor been repealed shall have the force of Statute law subject to judicial decision as to their validity when passed and to any limitations imposed by their own terms
Paragraph V Proceedings of Courts Confirmed All judgments decrees orders and other proceedings of the several courts of this State heretofore made within the limits of their several jurisdictions are hereby ratified and affirmed subject only to reversal by motion for a new trial appeal bill of review or other proceedings in conformity with the law of force when they were made
ARTICLE XII
AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION Section I
Paragraph I Proposals to amend the Constitution new Constitution submission to people A new Constitution or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed by the General Assembly or by a constitutional convention The proposal by the General Assembly to provide for a new Constitution or to amend this Constitution shall originate as a resolution in either the Senate or the House of Representatives and if approved by
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twothirds of the members elected to each branch of the General Assembly in a roll call vote such proposal shall be entered on the Journals of each branch with the Ayes and Nays taken thereon Any proposal to amend this Constitution or any proposal for a new Constitution may be amended or repealed by the same General Assembly which adopted such proposal by the affirmative vote of twothirds of the members elected to each branch of the General Assembly in a roll call vgte entered on their respective Journals if such action is taken at least two months prior to the date of the election at which such proposal is to be submitted
The Governor the Attorney General and the Secretary of State shall meet and determine whether a proposed amendment is general and if not general shall determine what political subdivision or subdivisions are directly affected by such proposed amendment If a proposed amendment is general it shall be published as provided by law in full once each week for three consecutive weeks immediately preceding the date of the election at which such proposed amendment is to be submitted in one newspaper of general circulation in each Congressional District of the State If such proposed amendment is not general it shall be published as provided by law in full once each week for three consecutive weeks immediately preceding the date of the election at which such proposed amendment is to be submitted in one newspaper of general circulation in each county in which the directly affected political subdivision or subdivisions are located In the event no such newspaper is located in such county a newspaper in an adjoining county shall be used A proposal for a new Constitution shall be published in the same manner as proposed general amendments
Any proposed amendment which is general or a proposal for a new Constitution shall be submitted to the people of the entire State at the next general election which is held in the evennumbered years and if ratified by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment shall become a part of this Constitution or shall become the new Constitution as the case may be A proposed amendment which is not general shall be submitted at the next general election which is held in the evennumbered years but shall only be submitted to the people of the political subdivision or subdivisions directly affected The votes of the electors in each political subdivision affected shall be counted separately in determining whether such proposed amendment is ratified and it must be ratified by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon in each such political subdivision before it shall become a part of this Constitution The General Assembly in the resolution shall state the language to be used in submitting the proposed amendment or proposal for a new Constitution When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote
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on each amendment separately A proposal for one or more changes within a single Article may be submitted as a single amendment A proposal for one or more changes within a single Article and a related chance or related changes in one or more other Articles may be submitted as a single amendment A proposal for a new Article may be submitted as a single amendment A proposal for a new Article and a related change or related changes in one or more other Articles may be submitted as a single amendment
Paragraph II Convention How Called No convention of the people shall be called by the General Assembly to revise amend or change this Constitution unless by the concurrence of twothirds of all members of each house of the General Assembly The representation in said convention shall be based on population as near as practicable This Constitution shall not be revised amended or changed by the Convention until the proposed revision amendment or change has been submitted and ratified by the people in the manner provided for submission and ratification of amendments proposed by the General Assembly
Paragraph III Veto Not Permitted The Governor shall not have the right to veto any proposal by the General Assembly to provide a new Constitution or to amend this Constitution
Paragraph IV Effective date of amendments Unless the amendment itself shall provide otherwise an amendment to this Constitution shall become effective on the first day of January following its ratification
ARTICLE XIII
MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS Section I
Miscellaneous Provisions
Paragraph I Continuation of Officers Except as otherwise provided in this Constitution the officers of the State and all political subdivisions thereof now existing shall continue in the exercise of their functions and duties subject to the provisions of laws applicable thereto and subject to the provisions of this Constitution
Paragraph II Amendments Continued as Part of This Constitution Amendments to the Constitution of 1877 which were continued in force and effect by Article VII Section X Paragraph I of the Constitution of 1945 and which are in force and effect on the effective date of this Constitution shall continue in force and effect as part of this Constitution Amendments to the Constitution of 1945 which did not directly affect the
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whole State and which were required to be ratified in a particular subdivision or subdivisions as well as in the State as a whole which are in force and effect on the effective date of this Constitution shall continue in force and effect as part of this Constitution Amendments to the Constitution of 1945 which were ratified pursuant to the provisions of an amendment to Article XIII Section I Paragraph I ratified at the 1952 general election and found in Georgia Laws 1951 page 681 which are in force and effect on the effective date of this Constitution shall continue in force and effect as part of this Constitution Amendments to the Constitution of 1945 which were ratified subsequent to 1956 but which were not ratified as general amendments which are in force and effect on the effective date of this Constitution shall continue in force and effect as part of this Constitution Amendments to the Constitution of 1945 which were ratified subsequent to 1956 and which were ratified as general amendments but which by their terms applied principally to a particular political subdivision or subdivisions which are in force and effect on the effective date of this Constitution shall continue in force and effect as part of this Constitution Amendments of the same type provided for in the immediately preceding two sentences of this Paragraph which were ratified at the same time this Constitution was ratified shall continue in force and effect as part of this Constitution
Paragraph III Special Commission Created Amendments to the Constitution of 1945 other than those covered in the last sentence of Paragraph II which were ratified at the same time this Constitution was ratified shall be incorporated and made a part of this Constitution as provided in this Paragraph There is hereby created a commission to be composed of the presiding officer of the Senate the presiding officer of the House of Representatives the Attorney General the Secretary of State and the Legislative Counsel which is hereby authorized and directed to incorporate such amendments into this Constitution at the places deemed most appropriate to the commission The commission shall make only such changes in the language of this Constitution and of such amendments as are necessary to properly incorporate such amendments into this Constitution and shall complete its duties prior to January 1 1977 The commission shall deliver to the Secretary of State this Constitution with those amendments incorporated therein and such document shall be the Constitution of the State of Georgia of 1976 In order that the commission may perform its duties this Paragraph shall become effective as soon as it has been officially determined that this Constitution has been ratified The commission shall stand abolished upon the completion of its duties
Paragraph IV Effective Date Except as provided in Paragraph III of this Section this Constitution shall become effective on January 1 1977