Manual of the General Assembly of the state of Georgia, 1951-1952

THE LIBRARY OF
THE UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
MANUAL
of the
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
of
The State of Georgia
1951 1952
Compiled by
BEN W FORTSON JR
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
3
STATE OFFICERS
EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT
Herman E Talmadge Governor Miss Alta Peterson Personal Secretary William H Kimbrough Executive Secretary John Houston Assistant Attorney General
LIEUTENANTGOVERNOR
S Marvin Griffin LieutenantGovernor
SECRETARY OF STATE
Ben W Fortson Jr Secretary of State
Joe N Burton Assistant to the Secretary of State
R C Coleman Joint Secretary State Examining Boards
COMPTROLLERGENERAL
Zack D Cravey ComptrollerGeneral
Hubert McDonald Deputy Insurance Commissioner
LAW DEPARTMENT
Eugene Cook Attorney General
Hardeman Blackshear Deputy Assistant Attorney General
A J Hartley Deputy Assistant Attorney General
R L Addleton Assistant Attorney General
J R Parham Assistant Attorney General
George E Sims Assistant Attorney General
Lamar W Sizemore Assistant Attorney General
Frank Edwards Head Bill Draf ting Unit
TREASURY DEPARTMENT
George B Hamilton State Treasurer Horace Hixon Assistant State Treasurer
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
M D Collins Superintendent of Schools
J I Allman Assistant Superintendent of Schools
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Tom Linder Commissioner Earl Wingo Administrative Assistant
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LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Ben T Huiet Commissioner
Marion Williamson Director Unemployment Security
PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION Matt L McWhorter Chairman James Perry Comnissioner Walter McDonald Commissioner Perry Knight Commissioner Allen Chappell Commissioner
A 0 Randall Secretary
AUDITING DEPARTMENT
B E Thrasher Jr Auditor Leroy Pharr Chief Examiner
BANKING DEPARTMENT
A P Persons Superintendent
0 G Jackson Assistant Superintendent
DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE
Charles D Redwine Commissioner Albert Dozier Deputy Commissioner Frank B Stow Assistant Attorney General Grady Simmons Assistant Attorney General
MILITARY DEPARTMENT
Ernest Vandiver Adjutant General W A Cunningham Assistant Adjutant General Executive
VETERANS SERVICE OFFICE William K Barrett Director Garland Byrd Assistant Director
WORKMANS COMPENSATION BOARD Arlie D Tucker Chairman Lawton W Griffin Director W E Buckner Director Richard Carr Secretary
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
LIBRARY DEPARTMENT
Miss Ella May Thornton librarian
Miss Vera Jameson Administrative Assistant
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHIVES AND HISTORY Mrs J E Hays Director Mrs Mary Givens Bryan Assistant Director
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WELFARE Alan Kemper Director Phil Cawthon Assistant Director
PURCHASING DEPARTMENT B B George Supervisor W G Pearlman Executive Supervisor S F Skrine Assistant Supervisor Roy L Butterworth Assistant Supervisor Andrew Fite Assistant Supervisor
DEPARTMENT OF CONFEDERATE
PENSIONS AND RECORDS
Miss Lillian Henderson Director
DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS R E Warren Director J B Hatchett Assistant Director Robert J Carter Chief Clerk
PARDON AND PAROLE BOARD Edward B Everett Chairman Charles A Pannell Member Rebecca L Rainey Member
BOARD OF REGENTS
Harmon W Caldwell Chancellor L R Siebert Secretary
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH Dr T F Sellers Director
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC SAFETY George Wilson Director E S Burke Assistant Director
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LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
GEORGIA BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION Delmar Jones Director
DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY C H Alden Director
William G Blasingame Assistant Director
STATE HIGHWAY BOARD Jim L Gillis Member
C Dixon Oxford Member John E Quillian Member Benton Odum Treasurer
Cam D Dorsey Jr Assistant Attorney General T V Williams Assistant Attorney General W Vaughn Rice Assistant Attorney General
DEPARTMENT OF STATE PARKS Newton Moye Director John M Mann Assistant Director John W Maloof Recreation and Publicity Director
DEPARTMENT OF MINES MINING AND GEOLOGY Garland Peyton Director Dr A S Furcron Assistant State Geologist
DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY Guyton DeLoach Director James C Turner Jr Assistant Director
MILK CONTROL BOARD
Charles G Duncan Chairman
STATE PERSONNEL BOARD
Edwin L Swain Director State Merit System M L Purvis Deputy Director State Merit System
BOARD OF PHARMACY
P D Horkan Chief Drug Inspector
CURATOR OF STATE MUSEUM
Miss Annette McLean State Curator
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
GEORGIA PORTS AUTHORITY
Henry W Sweet Director Savannah D Leon Williams Assistant Director Jack W Tumlin Traffic Manager
GAME AND FISH DEPARTMENT Hamilton Ralls Director Fulton Lovell Assistant Director
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Clark Gaines Secretary Nelson Shipp Assistant Secretary
STATE CHEMIST
C Reynolds Clark State Chemist
R A Moncrief Inspector Insecticides and Fungicides
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
UNITED STATES SENATORS
Richard B Russell Winder Georgia Walter F George Vienna Georgia
UNITED STATES CONGRESSMEN
District No 1 Prince H Preston Statesboro Georgia District No 2 E E Cox Camilla Georgia District No 3 E L Tic Forrester Leesburg Georgia District No 4
A Sidney Camp Newnan Georgia District No 5 James C Davis Decatur Georgia District No 6 Carl Vinson Milledgeville Georgia District No 7 Henderson Lanham Rome Georgia District No 8 W M Don Wheeler Alma Georgia District No 9 John S Wood Canton Georgia District No 10 Paul Brown Elberton Georgia
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
SUPREME COURT OF GEORGIA
W H Duckworth Chief Justice
William Y Atkinson Presiding Justice
J H Hawkins Associate Justice
Bond Almand Associate Justice
Lee B Wyatt Associate Justice
T Grady Head Associate Justice
T S Candler Associate Justice
Arthur H Codington Reporter
M M Vignaux Assistant Reporter
Katharine C Bleckley Clerk
Henry H Cobb Deputy Clerk
Lewis R Waddey Sheriff
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
COURT OF APPEALS OF GEORGIA
I H Sutton Chief Judge
Hugh J MacIntyre Presiding Judge
J M C Townsend Judge
Jule W Felton Judge
B C Gardner Judge
Charles W Worrill Judge
Arthur H Codington Reporter
M M Vignaux Assistant Reporter
William G England Clerk
Morgan Thomas Deputy Clerk
J I Guice Sheriff
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
11
ALAPAHA CIRCUIT
Edwin R Smith JudgeNashville
Edward Parrish SolicitorGeneral Adel
ALBANY CIRCUIT
Carl E Crow JudgeCamilla
Maston E ONeal SolicitorGeneralBainbridge
ATLANTA CIRCUIT
Virlyn B Moore JudgeAtlanta
Walter C Hendrix JudgeAtlanta
E E Andrews JudgeAtlanta
Ralph Pharr Judge Atlanta
George P Whitman Sr JudgeAtlanta
Jesse M Wood JudgeIAtlanta
Claude D Shaw JudgeAtlanta
Paul Webb SolicitorGeneralAtlanta
ATLANTIC CIRCUIT
Melville Price JudgeLudowici
Bruce D Dubberly SolicitorGeneralGlennville
AUGUSTA CIRCUIT
Grover C Anderson Judge Waynesboro
George Hains SolicitorGeneralAugusta
BLUE RIDGE CIRCUIT
Howell Brooke Judge Canton
Jas T Manning SolicitorGeneral Marietta
BRUNSWICK CIRCUIT
Douglas F Thomas JudgeJesup
W Glenn Thomas SolicitorGeneral Jesup
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LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
CHATTAHOOCHEE CIRCUIT
T Hicks Fort JudgeColumbus
Hubert Calhoun SolicitorGeneralColumbus
CHEROKEE CIRCUIT
w Faschally Judge Calhoun
Warren Akm SohcxtorGenerulCartersville
CORDELE CIRCUIT
Wendell Horne Jr Judge
Harvey L Jay SolicitorGeneral
COWETA CIRCUIT
Samuel J Boykin Judge
Wright Lipford
DUBLIN CIRCUIT
J Roy Rowland Judge
W W Larsen Jr SoZiciiorGeweraZ
EASTERN CIRCUIT
David S Atkinson Judge
Andrew J Ryan SolicitorGeneral
Cordele
Fitzgerald
Carrollton
Newnan
Wrights ville Dublin
Savannah
Savannah
FLINT CIRCUIT
Frank B Willingham Judge
Ben B Garland SolicitorGeneral
Forsyth 3 ackson
GRIFFIN CIRCUIT
Chester A Byars Judge
John J Flynt Jr SolicitorGeneral
Griffin
Griffin
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 13
LOOKOUT CIRCUIT
Freeman C McClure JudgeLaEayette
John William Davis SolicitorGeneralSummerville
Warren Akin SolicitorGeneralCartersville
MACON CIRCUIT
Mallory C Atkinson Judge Macon
A M Anderson Judge Perry
Charles H Garrett SolicitorGeneralMacon
MIDDLE CIRCUIT
Robert H Humphrey Judge Swainsboro
W H Lanier SolicitorGeneralMetter
MOUNTAIN CIRCUIT
John E Frankum JudgeClarkesville
Winston Owen SolicitorGeneralToccoa
NORTHEASTERN CIRCUIT
Herbert R Edmondson Judge Gainesville
Jeff Wayne SolicitorGeneralGainesville
NORTHERN CIRCUIT
Clark Edwards Jr JudgeElberton
Carey Skelton SolicitorGeneral Hartwell
OCMULGEE CIRCUIT
George S Carpenter Judge Milledgeville
C S Baldwin Jr SolicitorGeneralMilledgeville
OCONEE CIRCUIT
Eschol Graham JudgeMcRae
Roger H Lawson SolicitorGeneralHawkinsville
14 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
OGEECHEE CIRCUIT
J L Renfroe JiuLgeStatesboro
Walton Usher SolicitorGeneralGuyton
PATAULA CIRCUIT
Walter I Geer JudgeColquitt
R A Patterson SolicitorGeneralCuthbert
PIEDMONT CIRCUIT
Clifford Pratt Judge Winder
Hope D Stark SolicitorGeneral Lawrenceville
ROME CIRCUIT
H E Nichols JudgeRome
John W Davis SolicitorGeneralSummerville
SOUTHERN CIRCUIT
George R Lilly JudgeQuitman
J B Edwards SolicitorGeneralThomasville
SOUTHWESTERN CIRCUIT
Cleveland Rees Judge Preston
Wingate Dykes SolicitorGeneralAmericus
STONE MOUNTAIN CIRCUIT
Frank H Guess JudgeDecatur
Clarence R Vaughn Judge Conyers
Roy C Leathers SolicitorGeneral Decatur
TALLAPOOSA CIRCUIT
Judge Cedartown
Hal C Hutchens SolicitorGeneralDallas
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 15
TIFTON CIRCUIT
W C Forehand JudgeSylvester
J Bowie Gray SolicitorGeneralTifton
TOOMBS CIRCUIT
C J Perryman Judge Thomson
J Cecil Davis SolieitorGeneralWarrenton
WAYCROSS CIRCUIT
Walter Thomas JudgeWaycross
J R Walker SolicitorGeneral Blackshear
WESTERN CIRCUIT
Henry H West Judge Athens
D Marshall Pollock SolicitorGeneralMonroe
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LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
BOARDS AND COMMISSIONS
AERONAUTIC ADVISORY BOARD
Carter Peterson Phil Spooner William K Jenkins
ATLANTIC STATES MARINE FISHERIES COMMISSION
Hamilton Ralls Director Department of Game and Fisk ExOfficio George L Smith II J B Miller
CAPITOL SQUARE IMPROVEMENT COMMITTEE
Ben T Huiet Charles D Redwine
B E Thrasher Jr
Eugene Cook Dr T F Sellers M D Collins J M Forrester Ernest Vandiver
CODE COMMISSION
Charles J Bloch
B D Murphy J L Davis Fred Hand
S Marvin Griffin Eugene Cook
T S Candler
Judge B C Gardner Chairman
COMMERCE Board of
Y F Geeslin Clark Gaines
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 17
L B Raisty
Emory L Butler Chairman James W Woodruff Sr Lonnie Pope
CORRECTIONS Board of
J B Stanley
C O Nixon L C Burns Walter B Morrison J C Dnn
EDUCATION Board of
H W Blount J D Rodgers Jr
Clarke W Duncan James S Peters George P Whitman Jr
W H Lovett
Glenn Milner
Lonnie E Sweat
Irwin Kimsey
Mrs Julius Y Talmadge
1st Congressional District 2nd Congressional District 3rd Congressional District 4th Congressional District 5th Congressional District 6th Congressional District 7th Congressional District 8th Congressional District 9th Congressional District 10th Congressional District
EMPLOYEES RETIREMENT FUND Board of Trustees of
B E Thrasher Jr State Auditor ExOfficio
Zack D Cravey State insurance Commissioner ExOfficio
Edwin L Swain State Merit System Director ExOfficio
George B Culpepper
Ben T Huiet
Dr T F Abercrombie
J W Speas
EMPLOYMENT SECURITY AGENCY Board of Review
Frank A Constangy John Lytjen W 0 Purser
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LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
ENGINEERING ADVISORY BOARD
Roy J Boston Josiah N Eley Benjamin Hardaway Curtis A Mees Garland Peyton
Lawrence W Robert Jr Chairman Alan G Stanford
EUGENICS Board of
Dr T F Sellers Dr Thomas G Peacock Alan Kemper
FACTORY FOR THE BLIND BOARD OF MANAGERS
ADVISORY BOARD
Roy Sewell
J D Cowart Jr
Ralph Primm P Lee Williams Vaughn Terrell Charlie Baggarly
FORESTRY COMMISSION
G Philip Morgan John McElrath Henry 0 Cummings
C M Jordan Jr
K S Varn
GAME AND FISH COMMISSION
James F Darby Jr
Richard Tift Walter Wainwright J D Pope James Oliver Bowen Hugh Hill Roy McGinty Jr
1st Congressional District 2nd Congressional District 3rd Congressional District 4th Congressional District 5th Congressional District 6th Congressional District 7th Congressional District
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
19
W C Ellis 8th
Clabus Lloyd 9th
Leonard B Bassford 10th
J R Holland
GEORGIA CITIZENS COUNCIL
Mrs Edna Duggan Rev Frank Craton Steven Graham Bland Harold Gates Elmore C Thrash John Gordon Knox Jr
Rev Joe S Thrailkill
Rev Emmett A McNabb President
T J Braswell
Mrs Frances C Dwyer
Wilmer V Lanier
Dr H P Stuckey
Judge H W Bussey
D F Thomas
Roy N Livingston
Mrs R C Fryer Jr
James L Bentley Jr
Mrs Chester A Ryals
G Lee Watson Mrs John Lanier Miss Marion Faircloth
HEALTH Board of
J M Byne Jr 1st
C K Sharp 2nd
R C Montgomery 3rd
Dr Marvin Head 4th
Spencer A Kirkland 5th
Walter Bramblett 6th
Dr Fred H Simonton 7th
C J Maloy 8th
R L Rogers 9th
Thomas W Goodwin 10 th
A T McRae
Congressional District Congressional District Congressional District Coastal Counties
Congressional District Congressional District Congressional District Congressional District Congressional District Congressional District Congressional District Congressional District Congressional District Congressional District State at Large
20
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Preston Sumner J G Williams J M Hawley
State at Large State at Large State at Large
HERTY FOUNDATION Charles H
Marshall Lang Charles S Sanford Shelby Myrick Jr
Harley Langdale Jr
Wallace Adams
HIGHWAY BOARD State
Jim L Gillis Sr
C Dixon Oxford John E Quillian
JEKYLL ISLAND STATE PARKS AUTHORITY
D B Blalock J D Compton Mike Benton
B J Tarbutton H Gould Barrett
JUDICIAL COUNCIL
W H Duckworth T S Candler
B C Gardner
C J Perryman T Hicks Fort Willis Smith
J L Davis Charles J Bloch W S Mann Mrs Gertrude Harris
A S Skelton Baxter Jones Ernest Carlisle Roy Richards Charles Crisp
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
21
MILK CONTROL BOARD
Charles G Duncan Chairman J H Kelly Consumer Member W P Wallis Jr Producer Member
Mrs Henry P Russell Sr ProducerDistributor Member George A Sancken Dealer Member Sam G Bullock Producer Member
OIL AND GAS COMMISSION
James Dampier Chairman John Duncan Jr
L B Harrell
PARDON AND PAROLE BOARD
Ed Everett Charles A Pannell Mrs Rebecca Rainey
PARK AUTHORITY State
Douglas McCurdy Murray Milton Howard Scott Candler
PERSONNEL BOARD
M Cook Barwick Stanley W Brooks R M Walker
PORTS AUTHORITY Georgia
Peter Roe Nugent Member J D Robinson Jr Chairman M M Monroe Member
James W Taxi Smith Secretary and Treasurer
PUBLIC SAFETY
Herman E Talmadge Governor Zack Cravey ComptrollerGeneral Ernest Vandiver Adjutant General
22
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Jim L Gillis Sr Highway Board Eugene Cook Attorney General D S Hudson Sheriff Member Earl Hamrick Sheriff Member
SOCIAL SECURITY BOARD
Alan Kemper Director Dr W K Smith Robert Chastain W J McGarr Norman Peacock James Mann Dr E B Claxton Grady Ramey Andrew J Tuten Dr H M Edge Henry G Garrard
SOIL CONSERVATION
Jim L Gillis Jr
J E Eubanks W F Hall
0 W Price Z P Almon
SOUTHERN REGIONAL EDUCATION Board of Control for
Dr Raymond Paty
Dr M D Collins
Dr Harmon W Caldwell
STONE MOUNTAIN MEMORIAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE
Dr Richard Marvin Eubanks
TAX REVISION COMMITTEE
William M Lester Executive Secretary Herman E Talmadge Governor S Marvin Griffin President of the Senate
1st Congressional District 2nd Congressional District 3rd Congressional District 4th Congressional District 5th Congressional District 6th Congressional District 7th Congressional District 8th Congressional District 9th Congressional District 10th Congressional District
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
23
Fred Hand Speaker of the House
Eugene Cook Attorney General
B E Thrasher Jr Auditor
Charles D Redwine Revenue Commissioner
Appointed Members
Erie Cocke Sr
T M Forbes B E Baker W B Lanier James W Waldroup Carl Rhodes DeMean Stafford Tom B Raines Mrs Fred Knight Raymond Nelson
UNIVERSITY SYSTEM OF GEORGIA
Board of Regents James Peterson
H L Wingate Cason J Callaway Robert O Arnold Rutherford L Ellis Charles J Bloch Roy N Emmet Francis Stubbs Sr
Sandy Beaver Roy V Harris Mrs William T Healey John J McDonough Frank M Spratlin Hughes Spalding Carey Williams
Officers of Board of Regents
1st Congressional District 2nd Congressional District 3rd Congressional District 4th Congressional District 5th Congressional District 6th Congressional District 7th Congressional District 8th Congressional District 9th Congressional District 10th Congressional District State at Large State at Large State at Large State at Large State at Large
ChairmanHughes Spalding
ChancellorHarmon W Caldwell
Assistant to the ChancellorJohn E Sims
Executive SecretaryL R Seibert
TreasurerW Wilson Noyes
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LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Building Authority
Eugene Cook Attorney General
Hughes Spalding Chairman Board of Regents
B E Thrasher Jr State Auditor
R H Driftmier
George M Sparks
VETERANS SERVICE BOARD Harrison Bray Morris Perlman Allen Lumpkin Henson Blake Craft James R Wynn Jr
Fred Scott Sr
Robert A Garner
WATER IMPROVEMENT StateAdvisory Committee W L Abney House of Representatives Member Zach Arnold Georgia Municipal Association Member John P Baum Member representing Industry using Water of the State
L W Eberhardt Member representing Agriculture Department of the University of Georgia John Sheffield House of Representatives Member A G Stanford State at Large Member Kirk Sutlive Member representing Industry using Water of the State
W H Wier Department of Public Health Member
WORKMENS COMPENSATION BOARD Arlie D Tucker Chairman Lawton W Griffin W Ernest Buckner
WORKMENS COMPENSATION MEDICAL BOARD Dr Frank Holder Internal Medicine Specialist Member Dr Albert A Rayle Roentgenologist Member Dr J C Norris Pathologist Member Dr F Kells Boland Jr Toxicologist Member Dr Hugh Hailey Dermatologist Member
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
25
PROFESSIONAL EXAMINING BOARDS
R C Coleman Joint Secretary
111 State Capitol Atlanta Ga
ACCOUNTANCY Georgia State Board of Wm F Loflin Chairman
C R Bush Victor Mark waiter C V Stanton W W Stribling
ARCHITECTS Georgia State Board for the Examination and Registration of Sidney Daniell Wilfred J Gregson Albert Howell W W Simmons John E Summer
BARBER AND HAIRDRESSER EXAMINERS State Board of P C Hutchinson Chairman Mrs Frances M Crouch Mrs L V Hall J H Parham Luther P Smith
CHIROPODY EXAMINERS State Board of Dr Charles W Beasley Dr William Bookhammer Dr H D Wilson
CHIROPRACTIC EXAMINERS Georgia State Board of Dr J I Rose President Dr Wynton Hall Dr D M Livingston Dr W J Moore Dr Mattie C Stephens
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LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
DENTAL EXAMINERS OP GEORGIA Board of
Dr J H Brewton President
Dr George Callahan
Dr C J May
Dr Otis Rackley
Dr R W Tharpe
Dr C A Yarbrough
Dr S H Yarbrough
ENGINEERS AND LAND SURVEYORS Georgia State Board of Registration for Professional
George A Belden Chairman R S King C E Layton M T Singleton A G Stanford
FUNERAL SERVICE Georgia State Board of
Robert L Harrison President Herbert Elliott Sam Lang III W O Mann Jr
H R McKinstry J Cowan Whitley
LIBRARIANS State Board for the Certification of
Miss Beverly Wheatcroft Secretary and ExOfficio Member
Miss Sarah Jones
Miss Virginia Satterfield
Miss Louise Smith
Miss Sarah Young
MEDICAL EXAMINERS OF GEORGIA State Board of
Dr J W Palmer President Dr Rufus Askew Dr Grady N Coker Dr Fred Coleman
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
27
Dr Edgar H Greene Dr Steve P Kenyon Dr R H McDonald Dr Harry Powell Dr Phil Roberson Dr Alex Russell
NATUROPATHIC EXAMINERS Board of Dr John L McCallum Dr W P Mills Dr C 0 Templeton Dr E J Walton
NURSES OF GEORGIA State Board of Examiners for Sister M Cornile Dulohery President Mrs Myra Bonner Mrs Virginia Handfield Miss Lillian Presnell Miss Bessie Rowe
OPTOMETRY Georgia State Board of Examiners in Dr W R Gilbert President Dr Walter Bell Dr Lamar A Brown Dr W R Hughes Dr J B Spratling
OSTEOPATHIC EXAMINERS Georgia State Board of Dr Hoyt Trimble President Dr R E Andrews Dr Frederick W Daniel Dr W A Hasty Dr W C Holloway
28
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
PHARMACY Georgia State Board of Hoke S Peters President Asbury Q Baldwin W H Dunaway
E C Oliver
F Everett Williams
REAL ESTATE COMMISSION Georgia Leo F Griffin Chairman Harry F Boyce L C Pitts
VETERINARY EXAMINERS Georgia State Board of Dr C C Rife President Dr F W Allen Dr A B Davis Dr T C Ross Dr R F Thomas
WARM AIR HEATING CONTRACTORS State Board of John G Mauldin Chairman W P Crenshaw Lawrence F Kent J L McDevitt Lee Mingledorf Jr
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
29
Seating of Members of the Georgia State Senate
PRESIDENT OF SENATE
LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR
SECRETARY OF SENATE
30
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
1 Oliver 54th
2 Chance 43rd
3 Akins 40th
4 Williams 19th
5 Lancaster 28th
6 Jones 22nd
7 Gould 4th
8 Harden 45th
9 Hagan 17th
10 Willingham 39th
11 Carlisle 7 th
12 Connell 6th
13 Rawls 10th
14 Millican 52nd
15 Hayes 14th
16 Williams 49th
17 Edenfield 2nd
18 Strickland 38th
19 Chastain 41st
20 Hawes 30th
21 Adams 15th
22 McCranie 48th
23 Coleman 18th
24 Drinkard 29th
25 Blalock 26th
26 Dunahoo 27th
27 Mashburn 33rd
28 Williams 21st
29 McLaughlin 3rd
30 Stephens 50th
31 Trotter 37th
32 Dunn 8th
33 Pittman 53rd
34 Hughes 32nd
35 Mann 35th
36 Peterson 16th
37 Grayson 1st
38 Mallory 25th
39 Bray 36th
40 Wilson 23rd
41 Duncan 34th
42 Branch 47th
43 Ellard 31st
44 King 24th
45 Wall 9th
46 Farrar 42nd
47 Davis 51st
48 Moate 20th
49 Mavity 44th
50 Dean 46th
51 Hargreaves 5th
52 Coffin 12 th
53 Holloway 13th
54 Cocke 11th
LtGov S Marvin Griffin
President of Senate
George D Stewart Sec of Senate
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
31
OFFICERS
OF THE
STATE SENATE
TERM
1951 1952
PRESIDENT
S MARVIN GRIFFIN Decatur County Lieutenant Governor
SPENCE M GRAYSON Chatham County President Pro Tem
GEORGE D STEWART Fulton County Secretary
LAMONT SMITH Tattnall County Assistant Secretary
ERIC HOLMES Fulton County Reading Clerk
EDNA LACKEY Fulton County Journal Clerk
ANNE DUNCAN Fulton County Calendar Clerk
ZACK D CRAVEY JR DeKalb County Messenger
TRAVIS B STEWART Fulton County Message Clerk
A PERRY GRIFFIN Doorkeeper
DeKalb County
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LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
MEMBERS
OF THE
SENATE OF GEORGIA
ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED ACCORDING TO NAMES WITH DISTRICTS AND POST OFFICES
FOR THE TERMS 19511952
Senators
District
Post Office
Adams Wallace15th
Akins Bonnell 40th
Blalock Edgar26th
Branch Geo W47th
Bray Charlie W 36th
Carlisle Ira7th
Chance Ronald F143rd
Chastain T A 41st
Cocke Steve M11th
Coffin Charles Alston12th
Coleman W Roscoe18th
Connell T Guy6th
Davis Mayo51st
Dean Dorsey46 th
Drinkard John P29th
Dunahoo Mark 27th
Duncan R F34th
Dunn Ellison8th
Edenfield Mose2nd
Ellard Glenn W31st
Farrar Archibald A42nd
Gould James D4th
Grayson Spence Mi 1st
Hagan G Elliott17th
Harden J Henry45th
Hargreaves L A Sr 5th
Hawes Peyton S30th
Hayes Ernest14th
Holloway Herman J13th
Glenwood
Blairsville
Jonesboro
Tifton
Manchester
Cairo
Calhoun
Talking Rock
Dawson
Richland
Hephzibah
Valdosta
Perry
Alma
Lincolnton
Winder
Lawrenceville
Donalsonville
Darien
Cornelia
Summerville
Brunswick
Savannah
Sylvania
Fitzgerald
Pearson
Elberton
Vienna
Ellaville
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
33
Senators
District
Post Office
Hnghps 1 Cliff 32nd Gainpsvillp
Jones incent 22nd Jackson
King Geronimo W 24th Cusseta
Lancaster Dr Edgar M 28th Shady Dale
Mallory L A Jr 25th Thomaston
Mann Joseph 35 th Stockbridge
MasHburn Dr Marcus 33rd Cumming
Mavity John L 44th Rossville
McCranie Edward L 48th Eastman
McLaughlin Dr J T 3rd Jesup
Millican G Everett 52nd Atlanta
Moate Marvin E 20th Sparta
Oliver A G 54th Glennville
Peterson Jim 16th Soperton
Pittman Perry L Nashville
Rawls H Grady 10th Albany3
Stephens Robert G Jr 50th Athens
Strickland W 0 38th Buchanan
Trotter William P 37th LaGrange
Wall William Henry 9th Blakely
Williams F Everett 49th Statesboro
Williams Osgood 0 19th Crawford ville
Williams Walter B Sr 21st Gray
Willingham Harold S 39th Marietta
Wilson Wm J 23rd Fort Valley
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LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
MEMBERS OF THE
SENATE OF GEORGIA BY DISTRICTS IN NUMERICAL ORDER WITH COUNTIES AND POST OFFICES
First DistrictCHATHAM Effingham
SPENCE M GRAYSONSavannah
Second DistrictMcINTOSH Liberty Bryan
MOSE EDENFIELDrDarien
Third DistrictWAYNE Long Brantley
dr j t McLaughlinjesup
Fourth DistrictGLYNN Camden Charlton
JAMES D GOULDBrunswick
Fifth DistrictATKINSON Clinch Ware
L A HARGREAVES SRPearson
Sixth DistrictLOWNDES Lanier Echols
T GUY CONNELL Valdosta
Seventh DistrictGRADY Mitchell Thomas
IRA CARLISLECairo
Eighth DistrictSEMINOLE Miller Decatur
ELLISON DUNN Donalsonville
Ninth DistrictEARLY Baker Calhoun
WILLIAM HENRY WALL Blakely
Tenth DistrictDOUGHERTY Worth Lee
H GRADY RAWLS Albany
Eleventh DistrictTERRELL Clay Randolph
STEVE M COCKEDawson
Twelfth DistrictSTEWART Webster Quitman
CHARLES ALSTON COFFINRichland
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
35
Thirteenth DistrictSCHLEY Sumter Macon
HERMAN J HOLLOWAYEllaville
Fourteenth DistrictDOOLY Pulaski Bleckley
ERNEST HAYES Vienna
Fifteenth DistrictWHEELER Toombs Montgomery
WALLACE ADAMS Glenwood
Sixteenth DistrictTREUTLEN Emanuel Laurens
JIM PETERSON1 Soperton
Seventeenth DistrictSCREVEN Burke Jenkins
G ELLIOTT HAGANSylvania
Eighteenth DistrictRICHMOND Glascock Jefferson
W ROSCOE COLEMANHephzibah
Nineteenth DistrictTALIAFERRO Greene Warren
OSGOOD 0 WILLIAMSrCrawfordville
Twentieth DistrictHANCOCK Washington Baldwin
MARVIN E MOATE Sparta
TwentyFirst DistrictJONES Wilkinson Johnson
WALTER B WILLIAMS SRijiJGray
TwentySecond DistrictBUTTS Lamar Monroe
VINCENT JONESJackson
TwentyThird DistrictPEACH Tayl or Crawford
WM J WILSONJFort Valley
TwentyFourth DistrictCHATTAHOOCHEE Marion Muscogee
GERONIMO W KING Cusseta
TwentyFifth DistrictUPSON Talbot Harris
L A MALLORY JRIThomaston
TwentySixth DistrictCLAYTON Fayette Spalding
EDGAR BLALOCKJonesboro
TwentySeventh DistrictBARROW Oconee Jackson
MARK DUNAHOOWinder
36
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
TwentyEighth DistrictJASPER Putnam Morgan
DR EDGAR M LANCASTER Shady Dale
TwentyNinth DistrictLINCOLN McDuffie Columbia
JOHN P DRINKARDLincolnton
Thirtieth DistrictELBERT Hart Madison
PEYTON S HAWESElberton
ThirtyFirst DistrictSTEPHENS Habersham Franklin
GLENN W ELLARDCornelia
ThirtySecond DistrictDAWSON White Lumpkin
J CLIFF HUGHESGainesville
ThirtyThird DistrictFORSYTH Banks Hall
DR MARCUS MASHBURNCumming
ThirtyFourth DistrictGWINNETT Rockdale DeKalb
R F DUNCAN Lawrenceville
ThirtyFifth DistrictHENRY Newton Walton
JOSEPH MANN Stockbridge
ThirtySixth DistrictMERIWETHER Pike Coweta
CHARLIE W BRAY Manchester
ThirtySeventh DistrictTROUP Heard Carroll
WILLIAM P TROTTER LaGrange
ThirtyEighth DistrictHARALSON Polk Paulding
W 0 STRICKLAND Buchanan
ThirtyNinth DistrictCOBB Cherokee Douglas
HAROLD S WILLINGHAMMarietta
Fortieth DistrictUNION Rabun Towns
BONNELL AKINSPLBlairsville
FortyFirst DistrictPICKENS Fannin Gilmer
T A CHASTAINTalking Rock
FortySecond DistrictCHATTOOGA Floyd Bartow
ARCHIBALD A FARRARSummerville
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
37
FortyThird DistrictGORDON Murray Whitfield
RONALD F CHANCECalhoun
FortyFourth DistrictWALKER Catoosa Dade
JOHN L MAVIITYRossville
FortyFifth DistrictBEN HILL Telfair Irwin
J HENRY HARDENFitzgerald
FortySixth DistrictBACON Coffee Pierce
DORSEY DEANAlma
FortySeventh DistrictTIFT Turner Colquitt
GEO W BRANCH Tifton
FortyEighth DistrictDODGE Wilcox Crisp
EDWARD L McCRANIE Eastman
FortyNinth DistrictBULLOCH Candler Evans
F EVERETT WILLIAMSStatesboro
I Fiftieth DistrictCLARKE Wilkes Oglethorpe
ROBERT G STEPHENS JR Athens
FiftyFirst DistrictHOUSTON Bibb Twiggs
MAYO DAVISIPerry
FiftySecond DistrictFULTON
G EVERETT MILLICAN Atlanta
FiftyThird DistrictBERRIEN Cook Brooks
PERRY L PITTMANNashville
FiftyFourth DistrictTATTNALL Appling Jeff Davis
A G OLIVERGlennville
J A til STAJSiDSu
vCSJ irfW psTiAfM f O 11 fetitXto iroHfiiDi3 D A HD Ai G J Avi Oil
tit
AiVAG OTAM
ilrisMGAi1 Ga1 AT CI
AA a A AIHVJ 0 A

STANDING COMMITTEES
OF THE
SENATE
TERM 19511952
40
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
AGRICULTURE
Harden Chairman Bray ViceChairman Hayes Secretary Branch Chance Chastain Cocke Coleman Dean Dunahoo Hagan
Holloway
Hughes
King
Mallory
Mann
McCranie
Oliver
Pittman
Williams of the 21st Wilson
AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION
Grayson Chairman Duncan ViceChairman Farrar Secretary Adams Chastain Cocke Coffin Connell Dunahoo
Dunn
Hagan
Hargreaves
Hayes
Mavity
Millican
Trotter
Williams of the 49th Willingham
APPROPRIATIONS
Coleman Chairman Wilson ViceChairman Wall Secretary Akins Carlisle Chance Chastain Coffin Dunahoo Duncan Ellard Farrar
Gould
Grayson
Hagan
Harden
Holloway
Hughes
Lancaster
McCranie
PpIptroti
Williams of the 19th Williams of the 21st
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
41
AUDITING
Holloway Chairman Dunahoo
Hargreaves ViceChairman King
Jones Secretary McCranie
Cocke Mallory
Coleman Stephens
AVIATION
Coffin Chairman Gould
Stephens ViceChairman McCranie
Edenfield Secretary Trotter
Blalock Wall
Coleman
BANKS AND BANKING
Peterson Chairman Chastain ViceChairman Blalock Secretary Adams Coffin Davis
Grayson
Mashburn
Stephens
Wall
Willingham
Wilson
CONGRESSIONAL AND LEGISLATIVE REAPPORTIONMENT
Farrar Chairman Mann ViceChairman Lancaster Secretary Ellard
Millican
Moate
Wall
Willingham
CONSERVATION
McCranie Chairman Dean ViceChairman Hagan Secretary Adams Coleman Davis Drinkard Harden Hayes Jones
McLaughlin
Mallory
Mann
Moate
Oliver
Pittman
Wall
Williams of the 19th Wilson
42
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
COUNTIES AND COUNTY MATTERS
Dunn Chairman Hughes
Hargreaves ViceChairman Mallory
Oliver Secretary Mann
Blalock Mashburn
Chance Mavity
Chastain Millican
Dean Peterson
Duncan Pittman
Edenfield Rawls
Grayson Strickland
EDUCATION AND PUBLIC SCHOOLS
Strickland Chairman Hayes
Pittman ViceChairman King
Duncan Secretary McCranie
Branch McLaughlin
Bray Mallory
Chance Mann
Cocke Oliver
Ellard Wall
Harden Williams of the
Hawes TT Williams of the
ENGROSSING AND ENROLLING
Dunahoo Chairman Farrar
Harden ViceChairman McLaughlin
Hayes Secretary Peterson
Adams Pittman
FINANCE
Willingham Chairman Edenfield
Branch ViceChairman Hargreaves
Millican Secretary Hawes
Adams Hayes
Blalock Mallory
Bray Mavity
Cocke Moate
Connell Pittman
Davis Strickland
Drinkard Trotter
Dunn
Williams of the 49th
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
43
GAME AND FISH
Edenfield Chairman Dunn ViceChairman Holloway Secretary Bray Chastain Coleman Dean Duncan Gould
Grayson
Hughes
Jones
Mann
Mashburn
Oliver
Pittman
Rawls
Williams of the 49th
GENERAL JUDICIARY
Carlisle Chairman Hagan ViceChairman Ellard Secretary Dunahoo Farrar Grayson
Hargreaves
Hawes
Hayes
Oliver
Rawls
Willingham
HALLS AND ROOMS Jones Chairman Hagan
Willingham ViceChairman Hughes
Akins Secretary Strickland
Davis
HIGHWAYS AND PUBLIC ROADS
Blalock Chairman McLaughlin ViceChairman Williams of the 49th Secretary Adams Branch Cocke Davis Dean Dunahoo Duncan Ellard Farrar Gould Harden
Hargreaves
Hawes
Hayes
Holloway
Hughes
Lancaster
McCranie
Mallory
Mavity
Strickland
Williams of the 21st
Willingham
Wilson
44
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS
Hawes Chairman Farrar
Jones ViceChairman Gould
Dunahoo Secretary Hargreaves
Adams Mavity
Blalock Moate
Branch Trotter
Coffin Williams of the 21st
Connell Willingham
Edenfield
INSURANCE
Coffin Chairman Dunn
Oliver ViceChairman Farrar
Pittman Secretary Gould
Blalock Mashburn
Bray Moate
Chastain Strickland
Connell Trotter
Drinkard
INTERSTATE COOPERATIVE COUNCIL OF STATE
GOVERNMENT
Moate Chairman Dunahoo
Drinkard ViceChairman Hagan
Hawes Secretary
JOURNALS
Gould Chairman Cocke
Akins ViceChairman Oliver
Farrar Secretary Wall
MILITARY AFFAIRS
Gould Chairman Mann
Trotter ViceChairman Mashburn
Davis Secretary Millican
Grayson Stephens
jones Williams of the 49th
McLaughlin
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
45
MINES AND MINING
Hughes Chairman Akins ViceChairman Coleman Secretary
Chance
Chastain
Williams of the 19th
MOTOR VEHICLES
Adams Chairman Dean
Hawes ViceChairman Drinkard
Blalock Secretary Edenfield
Cocke Millican
Connell Stephens
MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT
Davis Chairman Wall ViceChairman Stephens Secretary Akins Farrar Holloway
Jones
King
McLaughlin
Millican
Williams of the 19th
PENAL INSTITUTIONS
Mavity Chairman Duncan
Cocke ViceChairman Farrar
Moate Secretary Hughes
Bray Oliver
Coffin Peterson
Dean Pittman
Dunahoo
PENSIONS
Lancaster Chairman Oliver
Williams of the 19th Vice Peterson
Chairman Stephens
Strickland Secretary
46
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
PUBLIC HEALTH
Mashburn Chairman Hagan
Lancaster ViceChairman McLaughlin
Wall Secretary Mavity
Drinkard Peterson
Dunahoo Rawls
Edenfield Williams of the 21st
Gould Williams of the 49th
PUBLIC UTILITIES
Ellard Chairman Duncan
Trotter ViceChairman Edenfield
King Secretary Pittman
Chastain Stephens
Connell Williams of the 21st
PUBLIC WELFARE
Williams of the 21st Chairman Edenfield
King ViceChairman Harden
Lancaster Secretary Hargreaves
Carlisle McLaughlin
Chance Mashburn
Chastain Peterson
Connell Williams of the 49th
Dean Wilson
RULES
Mr President Chairman Gould
Rawls ViceChairman Grayson
Blalock Secretary Holloway
Adams Hughes
Branch McCranie
Bray Mashburn
Carlisle Mavity
Chastain Millican
Coffin Moate
Connell Strickland
Drinkard Williams of the 21st
Dunn Wilson
Ellard
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
47
SPECIAL JUDICIARY
Williams of the 19th Chairman Duncan
Stephens ViceChairman Edenfield
Trotter Secretary Harden
Akins J ones
Chance Pittman
Coleman Wall
Connell
STATE OF THE REPUBLIC
Drinkard Chairman Edenfield
Carlisle ViceChairman Grayson
Mashburn Secretary Holloway
Branch Lancaster
Bray Mavity
Coffin Moate
Davis Rawls
Dunn Willingham
TEMPERANCE
Connell Chairman Gould
Edenfield ViceChairman Grayson
Hargreaves Secretary Rawls
Bray Strickland
Coffin Williams of
Dunn
the 49th
UNIFORM LAWS
Mallory Chairman Chance
Harden ViceChairman Drinkard
Williams of the 19th Secretary McLaughlin
Carlisle
48
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
VETERANS AFFAIRS Akins Chairman Farrar
McCranie VceChairman Mallory Secreiary Bray Coleman Drinkard Dunahoo
WESTERN AND
Chance Chairman Mann ViceChairman King Secretary Carlisle
Gould Hagan Lancaster Milpean T rotter
ATLANTIC RAILROAD
Dean
Harden
Mavity
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
51
THE PRESIDENT
Rule 1 The President shall in his discretion suspend irrelevant debate and command silence whenever he may deem it needful
Rule 2 In all cases the President shall not vote unless the Senate shall be equally divided In all cases where a fixed constitutional vote is required to pass the bill or measure under consideration and said bill or measure shall lack only one vote to pass the same the President may vote
Rule 3 When two or more Senators shall rise at the same time the President shall name the Senator entitled to proceed
Rule 4 All committees shall be appointed by the President unless otherwise ordered by the Senate
Rule 5 The method of stating the question on any motion by the President shall be as follows All in favor of the motion will say Aye Those opposed will say No And when a decision may seem doubtful to the President or a division of the Senate is called for by any one member of the Senate the President shall call upon the Senators in favor of the motion to rise and after a count is had by the Secretary he shall call upon the Senators to reverse their positions and the President shall announce the result
Rule 6 The President may during a days sitting name any Senator to perform the duties of the Chair during any part of that sitting but no longer
Discretion of President
When President shall vote
Right of Senator to the floor to be decided by the President
President to appoint committees
Method of stating a question by the President
President may name Senator to preside
52 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Duty of Secretary when President absent Rule 7 Whenever from any cause the President shall be absent the President pro tempore shall preside and if both shall be absent the Secretary of the Senate shall call the Senate to order and shall preside until a President pro tempore shall be elected which said election shall be the first business of the Senate The President pro tempore thus elected shall preside until the return of one of the first named officers when his functions shall cease
When no debate on appeals Rule 8 On all appeals on questions of order of a personal character there shall be no debate
Appeals to be made at once Rule 9 All appeals from the decisions of the Chair shall be made immediately and no appeal shall be in order after other business has intervened from the time of the alleged error of the Chair and before said appeal is sought to be made
Power of President to suspend subordinate officers Rule 10 The President shall have power to suspend the Messenger and Doorkeepers for misconduct or neglect of duty and when such suspension has been made he shall report the same to the Senate within twentyfour hours thereafter for such action as the Senate may see fit to take in the premises
When President may order galleries and lobbies cleared Rule 11 The President shall have power to cause the galleries and lobbies of the Senate cleared by the Messenger and Doorkeepers in case of disturbance or disorderly conduct therein and to cause any person or persons so offending to be arrested and brought before the bar of the Senate to be dealt with for contempt of the Senate
No Quorum voting duty of President Rule 12 When less than a quorum vote on any subject under consideration by the Senate
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
the President may order the door of the Senate to be closed and the roll of Senators called by the Secretary and if it is ascertained that a quorum is present either by answering to their names or by their presence in the Senate and any Senator present then refuses to vote unless excused such refusal shall be deemed a contempt of the Senate
Rule 13 The President may at any time order the roll called on any question and take the vote by yeas and nays where a division of the Senate discloses the fact that a quorum of the Senate has not voted
Rule 14 All questions as to priority of business to be acted on shall be decided by the President without debate
ON DECORUM AND DEBATE
Rule 15 When any Senator is about to speak in debate or deliver any matter to the Senate he shall rise from his seat and respectfully address himself to Mr President He shall be confined to matter in debate shall speak not more than twice on any subject nor more than once until every member choosing to speak shall have spoken During all sessions all individual speeches on bills and resolutions shall be limited to thirty minutes unless extended by a majority of a quorum and on all points of personal privileges shall be limited to ten minutes If any Senator in speaking or otherwise trangress the rules of the Senate the President shall call him to order in which case the Senator so called to order shall immediately sit down unless permitted to explain The Senate shall if appealed to decide and the decision of the Senate be not submitted to the delinquent for the first offense
When President may order vote taken by yeas and nays
Decision on questions of priority
Conduct of
Senators
debate
Appeals
54 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Expulsion See Rule 17 shall be reproved for the second fined in a sum not exceeding ten dollars and continuing refractory may be expelled from the Senate by a twothirds vote of the Senators which said vote shall be taken by yeas and nays
Exception to Words spoken Rule 16 If any Senator be called to order for words spoken the words excepted to shall be taken down in writing by the Secretary and read then admitted denied or explained by the Senator who spoke and thereupon the questions of order shall be decided and such other proceedings had as the Senate may deem proper in regard thereto Provided that if at the time the Senate is acting under the previous question such question of order and other proceedings referred to shall not be taken up for decision until after the previous question and the main question have been disposed of or until such further time as may then be ordered by the Senate But no Senator shall be held to answer or be subject to the censure of the Senate for words spoken in debate if any other Senator has spoken or other business has intervened after the words were spoken and before the exception to them was taken
Silence Rule 17 The members of the Senate shall forbear from private conversation and preserve silence until a speaking Senator shall have taken his seat
Mode of designating Senators Rule 18 The Senators shall avoid naming each other when they may have occasion to take notice of their observations but may designate them by the districts they represent
Shall not vote when interested in result Rule 19 J No Senator shall vote upon any question in the result of which he is personally
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
55
interested and in every case where the seat of a Senator is being contested the sitting Senator and the contestant shall both retire from the Senate before the vote is taken
Rule 20 Any Senator may have entered on the Journal a protest in writing against the action of the Senate said protest shall clearly and succinctly set forth the grounds of such protest and shall not be argumentative nor arraign nor impugn the motive of the Senate nor any members thereof
Rule 21 No Senator shall address the Senate nor interrogate a Senator who is speaking except through the President and if the Senator speaking declines to be interrupted the President shall cause the Senator desiring to interrogate him to be silent
Rule 22 No Senator shall pass between the Chair and a Senator while he is speaking nor shall any Senator at the time of adjournment leave his seat until the President retires
Rule 23 No Senator shall in debate refer to any private conversation had with another Senator or to any matters which have transpired in any committee or in the House except as to the fihal action taken by the House in any pending matter
Rule 24 In nominating candidates for any office no laudatory remarks shall be allowed nor shall any other candidate be disparaged
Rule 25 Applause or hisses in the Senate Chamber or in the galleries or lobby during any speech or legislative proceedings shall be promptly suppressed
Protesta
Duty while Senator is speaking and at adjournment
Restrictions in debate
Applause and hisses forbidden
56
No debate during yeas and nays
Only one motion be made at a time
Explana
tion
Reading of papers
Motion to excuse when made
Excuses from Toting
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Rule 26 During the calling or reading of yeas and nays on any question no debate shall be had
Rule 27 No Senator can make more than one motion at a time and while the motion is being put to the Senate he must resume his seat and he is not further entitled to the floor unless again recognized by the President
Rule 28 On all questions except such as are not debatable any Senator on the call of the yeas and nays shall be allowed five minutes as a matter of right in which to explain his vote Where the vote on any question is not taken by yeas and nays no Senator shall be allowed to explain except by unanimous consent No motion or request shall be entertained to vary this rule nor to extend a Senators time for explaining
Rule 29 When the reading of any paper is called for and the same is objected to by any Senator it shall be determined by a vote of the Senate and this motion shall be decided without debate
Rule 30 A motion to excuse a Senator from voting must be made before the Senate divides or before the call of the yeas and nays is commenced and it shall be decided without debate except that the Senator making the motion may briefly state the reason why in his opinion it ought to prevail
Rule 31 No Senator shall be allowed to address himself to any question and then move to table the bill resolution or motion or move the previous question thereon without relinquishing the floor
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
DIVISION OF A QUESTION
Rule 32 Any one Senator may call for a division of the question on a subject in which the sense thereof will admit of it
Rule 33 The Senator calling for a division must state into how many and definitely what parts he would have the question divided Each part of the divided proposition must be so distinct that if taken away the remainder can stand by itself and be consistent and entire
BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Rule 34 All bills and resolutions shall be called in the order in which they stand on the calendar and before reading any bill or resolution the second or third time the Secretary shall distinctly state its number and the name of the Senator by whom introduced Provided that the General Appropriation Bill and the General Tax Bill shall have precedence on third reading over all other matters even Special Orders until the said bills shall have been finally disposed of
Rule 35 Every motion or request to take up general bills or resolutions out of their regular order and every motion or request for special orders shall be submitted in writing and reported upon by the Committee on Rules before being submitted to the Senate
Rule 36 No debate shall be admitted upon any bill at the first reading Upon the introduction of any bill or resolution or other matter requiring reference to a committee the President shall as a matter of course and without de
Call for division
Division how made
Bills and resolutions called in order
Proviso What motions to be in writing
Question on first reading
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
68
Effect of favorable report of committee
Adverse report of committee
Bills when withdrawn
bate commit the same to the proper committee unless otherwise ordered by the Senate In case of engrossment of any bill or other matter the entry thereof shall be made by the Secretary and the bill or other matter shall not be amendable thereafter unless subsequently committed
Rule 37 Where the report of a committee is favorable to the passage of a bill etc the same shall be read a second time and passed to a third reading without question unless recommitted Where the report of a committee is adverse to the passage of a bill etc in order to have a second reading thereof any Senator may at the time such report is made give notice of intention to move at the proper time to disagree to such adverse committee report when the question shall be upon agreeing to the report of the committee If the report of the committee is agreed to the bill etc shall be lost If the report of the committee is disagreed to the bill etc shall be passed to a third reading unless recommitted Provided that no bill etc adversely reported shall be taken up for a second reading except by motion of some Senator Any bill etc may be withdrawn at any stage thereof by consent of the Senate
Reports of Rule 38 When a bill etc favorably reported
order ofeB by a committee is on its third or last reading if
action the report of the committee is disagreed to by
the Senate the bill or measures shall be lost unless the action of the Senate in disagreeing to the committee report is reconsidered within the proper time
Rule 39 The President shall not recognize any Senator at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to place any general bill
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
59
on its passage out of its regular order Neither shall he recognize any request for unanimous consent for the introduction of new matter or to read any bill or resolution the second time or to place any local bill or resolution on its passage except during the first thirty minutes after the confirmation of the Journal The President shall entertain but one unanimous consent at any one time
Rule 40 Where a bill or a resolution has been referred and reported by more than one committee or has been reported on and recommitted to the same committee the last committee report shall be acted on by the Senate
Rule 41 All bills and resolutions shall be written or printed and shall have the name of the Senator introducing the same as well as the district he represents indorsed on the back of the same and in the case of bills the caption of the bill shall also be indorsed on the same All bills and resolutions having the force and effect of law shall when introduced have attached an exact copy and said copy shall be retained by the Secretary subject to use as information but the original bill or resolution shall be for the exclusive use of the Senate and the committee to which it is assigned and shall be the official bill or resolution of the Senate and shall not be subject to any other use
Rule 42 No bill shall be printed until after the same has been reported to the Senate by the committee to which it has been referred or by request of said committee and the order of the Senate agreeing thereto
Bills and resolutions to be in writing
How
indorsed
Bills when printed
Rule 42A During all sessions of the General
60
Bill when
printed
all sessions
Transmission to House by majority vote
Order of precedence
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Assembly all bills and resolutions having the effect of law except purely local bills shall upon being reported back to the Senate with recommendation that the bill or resolution do pass be printed or mimeographed and a copy placed upon each Senators desk at least one hour before such bill or resolution shall be read a third time
Rule 43 No bill or resolution shall be transmitted to the House on the day of passage thereof unless a majority of the Senators present shall so order
Rule 44 The Committee on Rules during the last fifteen legislative days of each session shall arrange and fix the calendar of business for each day and such calendar of business shall be a standing and continuing special order during said period and no matter shall be taken up or acted on otherwise than in the order and manner fixed by such calendar except by a threefourths vote of those present
PRECEDENCE OF MOTIONS
Rule 45 When any subject is before the Senate for consideration or under debate no motion shall be received except the following towit
1st A motion to adjourn
2nd A motion to lay on table
3rd A motion for the previous question
4th A motion to postpone indefinitely
5th A motion to postpone to a day certain
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
61
6th A motion to commit
7th A motion to amend
Which said several motions shall have precedence in the order named
MOTION TO ADJOURN
Rule 46 A motion to adjourn is in no instance debatable nor shall said n otion be made a second time until further progress has been made in the business before the Senate A motion to adjcurn in its simple form shall not be amended
Rule 47 A motion to adjourn to a particular day or for a particular time if made when the Senate is not actually engaged in other business is debatable and is amendable as to the day or time proposed
Rule 48 The motion to adjourn can be made at any time when the Senator moving it can legitimately obtain the floor
Rule 49 A motion to adjourn may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the Senate has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to adjourn is in order nor shall any moton to adjourn be in order after the Secretary has called the first name of the ayes and nays and a vote of one Senator has been given or after a division of the Senate has been had on a vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced
Rule 50 When a motion to adjourn in its simple form prevails it adjourns the Senate to the next sitting day or time in course
Not debatable when may be renewed Amendment
When
debatable
When
made
When not in order
Effect of adjournment
62 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Hours of adjournment What business postponed Rule 51 Whenever the hour of adjournment as fixed by a prior resolution shall arrive while the vote of the Senate is being taken by the yeas and nays the session shall continue until the final vote is taken and announced and if said fixed hour of adjournment shall arrive while the Senate is acting on the main question after a motion for the previous question has been sustained and before the vote on the main question is being taken either by a division or by the yeas and nays as aforesaid the Senate shall stand adjourned by virtue of said prior resolution
Amendment or substitute cannot be laid on table MOTIONS TO LAY ON THE TABLE Rule 52 No motion to lay an amendment or substitute on the table shall be in order
How matters may be taken from table Rule 53 A majority of a quorum voting may take from the table at any time when the Senate is not engaged on any other measure any bill resolution or other paper which has been ordered to lie on the table and when so taken from the table it is thereby restored to its appropriate place on the calendar
When renewed Rule 54 A motion to lay on the table or to take from the table can be renewed from time to time when new business has intervened between the votes
Not debatable or amendable Rule 55 Neither the motion to lay on the table nor the motion to take from the table is debatable or amendable
What can be tabled Rule 56 Nothing can be legitimately laid on the table excepting what can be taken up again
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
63
Rule 57 A motion to lay on the table may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the Senate has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to lay on the table is in order
THE MOTION FOR THE PREVIOUS QUESTION
Rule 58 The motion for the previous question shall be decided without debate and shall take precedence of all other motions except motions to adjourn or to lay on the table and when it is moved the first question shall be Shall the call for the previous question be sustained If this be decided by a majority vote in the affirmative the motion to adjourn or to lay on the table can still be made but they must be made before the next question towit Shall the main question be now put is decided in the affirmative and after said last question is affirmatively decided by a majority vote said motions will be out of order and the Senate cannot adjourn until the previous question is exhausted or the regular hour of adjournment arrives
Rule 59 When the previous question has been ordered the Senate shall then proceed to act on the main question without debate except that before the main question is put twenty minutes shall be allowed to the committee whose report of the bill or other measure is under consideration to close the debate When the report of the committee is adverse to the passage of the bill or other measure the introducer of the bill shall be allowed twenty minutes before the time allowed to the committee for closing the debate
When in order
Effect of
previous
question
Twenty minutes debate allowed
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
64
The Chairman of the committee or the introducer of the bill or other measure may yield the floor to such Senators as he may indicate for the time or any part of it allowed under this rule
taken w Rule 60 After the main question is ordered
any Senator may call for a division of the Senate in taking the vote or may call for the yeas and Yeas and nays but on all questions on which the yeas and
nays One nays are called the assent of onefifth of the
fifth neces number present shall be necessary to sustain the
sary call and when such call is sustained the yeas
and nays shall be entered on the Journal
Effect of Rule 61 The effect of the order that the
main ques main question be now put is to bring the Senordered11 ae to a vte on pending questions in the order in which they stood before it was moved
Reconsideration when in order
Rule 62 After the main question has been ordered a motion to reconsider this action will if adopted have the effect to repeal the ordering of both the main question and the previous question and will leave the pending measure again open to debate and amendment This motion to reconsider the ordering of the main question can be made only once and if lost or if the main question is again subsequently ordered on the pending measure no second motion to reconsider the ordering of the main question shall be entertained
Contested
elections
Rule 63 In all cases where a minority report has been submitted on any matter if the previous question is ordered there shall be twenty minutes allowed to the members of said committee whose name is first signed to said minority re
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
65
port or to such member or members as he may indicate for the time so allowed or any part of it before the twenty minutes allowed to the Chairman submitting the majority report
Rule 64 The previous question may be called and ordered upon a single motion or an amendment or it may be made to embrace all authorized motions or amendments and include the entire bill to its passage or rejection
Rule 65 A call of the Senate shall not be in order after the previous question is ordered unless it shall appear upon an actual count by the President that a quorum is not present
Rule 66 All incidental questions of order arising after a motion is made for the previous question and pending such motion shall be decided whether on appeal or otherwise without debate
MOTIONS TO INDEFINITELY POSTPONE
Rule 67 When a bill resolution or other measure is under consideration on the f nal readmg thereof a motion to indefinitely postpone if decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum thereby disposes of said bill resolution or other measure for the session
Rule 68 The motion to indefinitely postpone lays open the whole question for debate but it cannot be amended
Rule 69 While the motion to indefinitely postpone takes precedence over a motion to postJ0 a day certain or to commit or amend yet this motion cannot be applied to said motions
How called and ordered
Call of the Senate when in order
Questions of order
Effect
Not amendable
When cannot be applied
66 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL nor can it be applied to incidental questions such as questions of order reading of papers withdrawal of a motion and suspension of a rule
Not renewed Rule 70 No motion to indefinitely postpone shall be renewed on any bill resolution or other measure after the same has once been voted j down
Debate when and how allowed MOTION TO POSTPONE TO A DAY CERTAIN Rule 71 On a motion to postpone to a day certain it is not in order to debate the merits of the question proposed to be postponed Debate may be allowed but it shall be confined strictly to the proposition to postpone and to show why one day is preferred to another This motion cannot be renewed or made a second time to the same measure on the same day Rule 72 The motion to postpone to a day certain cannot be applied to subordinate or incidental questions but only to the whole measure It is amendable by substituting one day or time for another If a day proposed is known to be beyond the limits of the Session the motion shall be treated as one to indefinitely postpone
Motion to commit MOTION TO COMMIT Rule 73 Motions to commit may be made to refer a bill resolution or other measure to a standng or special committee
Precedence of Rule 74 A motion to commit to a standing committee takes precedence over a motion to commit to a special committee and shall be first voted on
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
67
Rule 75 On a motion simply to commit no debate shall be allowed but where instructions are added the merits of the question can be debated
Rule 76 A motion to commit may be amended by adding instructions or by substituting another committee for the one named by the Senator making the motion
Rule 77 Any proposition that has been referred to any committee either standing or special may on motion be recommitted to the same or any other committee by a majority of a quorum
MOTION TO AMEND
Rule 78 There are three ways in which a proposition may be amended towit
1st By inserting or adding words
2nd By striking out words
3rd By striking out and inserting words
An amendment is itself subject to be amended m all three of the ways above mentioned but it is not adrhissible to amend an amendment to an amendment Any irrelevant amendment or amendment obviously offered for the purpose of delay shall be ruled out of order by the President
Rule 79 When a bill or resolution is before the Senate for consideration and amendments are pending thereto and a substitute shall be offered for said bill or resolution and an amendment shall be offered to said substitute it shall be in order for the Senate to first perfect the original bill or resolution and then perfect the
When
debatable
How amended
Motion to recommit
Amendment how made
Bill first perfected then the substitute
68 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
When too late to amend substitute The question shall then be on agreeing to the substitute as amended if it be amend j ed and if decided in the affirmative the question shall be Shall this bill pass or resolution be adopted as the case may be by sub j stitute Rule 80 An amendment cannot be offered j after the report of the committee to whom was s referred the bill or resolution under considera j ton has been agreed to by the Senate unless said action of the Senate in so agreeing to said report of said committee shall first be reconsidered
Must be in writing Rule 81 All motions to amend any matter j before the Senate must be in writing and must plainly and distinctly set forth the amendment desired and the part of the bill or resolution where sa d amendment shall be inserted or added
Priority Rule 82 On all questions whether in committee or in the Senate the last amendment the most distant day and the largest sum shall be first put
Blanks Rule 83 Where blanks occur in any proposition they must be filled first before any motion is made to amend
Caption when amended Rule 84 The caption or preamble of a bill or resolution shall not be considered or amended until the measure has been perfected
Amending by sections Rule 85 When j proposition consisting of several sections or resolutions is on a final reading and the Senate shall agree to a motion to consider the same by sections or paragraphs the Secretary in reading the same shall pause at the end of each section or resolution and the amendments thereto shall be offered as the several sections or resolutions are read but the amendments offered by the committee to whom
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said bill or resolution was referred shall be read I by the secretary without any motion being made I in the Senate and when a section or resolution I shall have been considered it is not in order to I recur back and amend it
Rule 86 When a motion is made to amend by I striking out and inserting the Secretary shall I read the paragraph as it is then the words to be I stricken out and finally the whole paragraph I as it would be if amended
Rule 87 When a motion is made to amend I by striking out a paragraph any amendment I offered to perfect the paragraph shall be put I first before the question is put for striking it out
Rule 88 When any bill or resolution which I originated in the Senate has been amended in I the House and is before the Senate for action on I the House amendment an amendment may be I offered in the Senate to the House amendment I but the Senate amendment to the House amendI ment cannot be further amended it must be I agreed to or voted down
Rule 89 A motion to amend an amendment I made by the House to a Senate bill or resolution I takes precedence of a motion to agree or disI agree to said amendment
I Rule 90 The questions which arise before the I Senate respecting amendments by the House to a I Senate bill or resolution are
1st A motion to agree to the House amendment
Amendments by striking out and inserting
Priority of amendment to perfect
Amending
House
amendments
See Rule 129
Priority
Priority of questions on House amendments
70 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 2nd A motion to disagree to the House amendment 3rd A motion to recede from its disagreement or amendment 4th A motion to insist on its disagreement or amendment 5th A motion to adhere to its disagreement or amendment They take precedence in the above order
Motion to reconsider RECONSIDERATION Rule 91 When the Journal of the preceding day shall be read it shall be in the power of any Senator to move for reconsideration of any matter therein contained except such matter that has been previously reconsidered provided such Senator shall notify the Senate of his intention to move such reconsideration at any time before the Journal is confirmed
Shall not be withdrawn when Rule 92 The notice of a motion to reconsider shall not be withdrawn after the time has elapsed within which it might originally have been made
When there may be one reconsideration Rule 93 No matter shall be reconsidered more than once
When in order Rule 94 Motions for reconsideration shall be in order immediately after the time for unanimous consents on the day succeeding the action sought to be reconsidered except that any matter which could not be reconsidered on the succeeding day shall be in order for reconsideration on the day of said action Provided a motion to
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reconsider the action of the Senate ordering immediate transmission of any bill or resolution to the House shall be made and disposed of before the transaction of other business
Rule 95 The action of the Senate upon an amendment may be reconsidered at any time before final action upon the section bill or resolution to which it relates
Rule 96 All bills reconsidered shall take their place at the foot of the calendar of bills then in order for a third reading
ABSENTEES
Rule 97 The rollcall at the opening of each session of the Senate shall not be dispensed with except by a majority vote of the Senators present
Rule 98 Upon the call of the Senators ordinary and extraordinary the names of the absentees shall be noted by the Secretary and shall appear upon the Journal
COMPELLING ATTENDANCE
Rule 99 The power to compel the attendance of Senators in order to keep or secure a quorum shall be vested in the President and to this end he may have the doors of the Senate closed When the doors are so closed no Senator shall be allowed to retire from the Senate without first obtaining leave from the Senate
The Messenger of the Senate shall be exofficio SergeantatArms of the Senate and on order of the President may arrest any absentees
Amendments
when
reconsidered
Place on calendar
Morning
rollcall
dispensed
with by
majority
vote
Names of absentees noted
Sergeantatarms Power to compel attendance
72
Call how ordered
Subsequent
proceedings
Messages
Messages when received and considered
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End bring them before the Senate when necessary to secure a quorum as aforesaid
CALL OF THE SENATE
Rule 100 Whenever the result of a vote taken shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the Senate is present or when the President shall officially state the fact to the Senate it shall be in order for any Senator to make a motion for a call of the Senate and when this motion is made the President shall state the question as follows Shall the motion for the call of the Senate prevail and if five of the Senators present shall vote in the affirmative the Presi dent shall order the Secretary to call the roll of Senators and the absentees shall be noted the doors shall then be closed after which the names of the absentees shall again be called over and those who do not appear and who are absent without leave may by order of the majority of the Senators present be sent for and arrested wherever they may be found by officers to be appointed by the Messenger for that purpose and their attendance secured and the Senate shall determine upon what conditions they shall be discharged
MISCELLANEOUS RULES
Rule 101 When a message is sent to the Senate it shall be announced at the door of the Senate by the Doorkeeper and be respectfully communicated to the Chair by the person through whom it may be sent
Rule 102 Messages may be received at any time while the door is open except while a question is being put or a ballot or a viva voce vote
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73
is being taken A message shall be presented to the Senate by the President when received or afterwards according to its nature and the business on which the Senate is engaged or its consideration may on motion be ordered by the Senate
Rule 103 After a motion is stated by the President or read by the Secretary it shall be deemed to be in the possession of the Senate but may be withdrawn at any time before decision by consent of the Senate
Rule 104 Any member presenting a petition memorial or remonstrance shall as concisely as practicable intimate the name and object of the petitioner memorialist or remonstrant which shall be noted on the Journal and the paper may then be referred without reading
Rule 105 Any motion to suspend the rules or change the order of business shall be decided without debate
Rule 106 Any motion not privileged containing new matters shall lie at least one day on the table
Rule 107 Whenever on any question the yeas and nays shall have been ordered the Secretary shall also enter on the Journal the names of those members not voting
Rule 108 Where a motion is made by any Senator it shall not be necessary that the same shall be seconded before being put to the Senate
Rule 109 After the announcement of the standing committees no other Senators shall be placed thereon unless it be at the request of a
Motions
Petitions
memorials
etc
No debate
Motions not privileged
Record
Not necessary to second motion
Committees how and when enlarged
74 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL majority of the committee to be added thereto except when Senators have been elected to fill vacancies caused by death or otherwise the President may assign said Senators to such committees as he may see fit and he may fill any vacancy in chairmanships
Privileges of the floor Rule 110 No person shall be allowed to enter upon the floor of the Senate except the Senators and officers of the Senate the officers and members of the House the President of the United States and Cabinet members the Governor of the State and the heads of the offices of the Executive Department exGovernors Judges of the Supreme Court and Court of Appeals in actual commission expresiding officers of the Senate and House members of Congress from Georgia Governors and members of the Legislature of any State of the United States members of the press actually reporting legislative proceedings and such others as the Senate may allow upon recommendation of the Committee on Rules but the privilege of the floor shall be extended to no person for a period longer than two days and not more than twice during any session
Duty of Committee on Journals Rule 111 It shall be the duty of the committee on Journals to read the Journal of each days proceedings and report to the Senate that the same is correct before the Journal is read by the Secretary
Adjourn ment Rule 112 The hours of the morning sessions of the Senate shall be from 10 oclock A M to one oclock P M when the Senate shall stand adjourned until ten oclock A M of the next succeeding day Sundays excepted unless otherwise ordered by the Senate
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Rule 113 A motion for the call of the yeas and nays shall be decided without debate
Rule 114 All writs warrants subpoenas issued by order of the Senate shall be signed by the President and attested by the Secretary
Rule 115 It shall be the duty of the Messenger to attend to the wants of the Senate while in session to aid in the enforcement of order under the direction of the President and to execute the demands of the Senate from time to time together with all such processes issued under its authority as may be directed to him by the President
Rule 116 The Messenger under the direction of the Secretary shall superintend the distribution by the Pages of all documents and papers to be distributed to the members he shall distribute to the members the usual and necessary stationery required by them
Rule 117 No committee shall deface or interline a bill resolution or other paper referred to said committee but shall report any amendments recommended on separate paper noting the section page or line to which said amendments relate
Rule 118 No pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed as an excuse for not voting
Rule 119 Whenever any Senator moves that a Committee of Conference on disagreeing votes of the two Houses naming the number of members be appointed if said motion prevails the President shall appoint a committee on the part of the Senate and in such case the committee shall consist only of such Senators as voted in
Motion for yeas and nays not debatable
Signature of President and Secretary
Duty of Messenger
Messengers duty in distributing documents etc
Interlineation forbidden
Pairing
Committees of Conference
76 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Amendments the majority on the position assumed by the Senate and if by inadvertence any Senator be nominated on said committee who was not in said majority vote he shall notify the Senate and be excused by the President Rule 120 After commitment of a bill and report thereof to the Senate it may be amended before the report of the committee is agreed to by the Senate but the amendments if any reported by the committee shall be disposed of before any other amendment be considered unless it be an amendment to a committee amendment
Free debate Rule 121 No Senator shall after debating any question and before yielding the floor be allowed to submit any motion the effect of which shall be to prevent further debate
Motion Rule 122 No motion on a subject different from that under consideration shall be admitted under color of amendment If a motion be made to strike out a part of a bill or resolution a motion to amend the part proposed to be stricken out shall be first on order
Majority and minority reports Rule 123 All reports of a committee shall be in writing and the minority of a committee may make a report in writing setting forth succinctly the reasons for their dissent
What motions lie on table Rule 124 Every motion for information from the Executive or other Departments shall lie on the table one day unless referred to a committee by vote of the Senate
Changing votes Rule 125 On the call of the yeas and nays the Secretary shall read the names of the Senators after they have been called and no Senator
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shall be permitted to change his vote unless he at that time declares that he voted under a mistake of the question
Rule 126 Questions of the privilege shall be first those affecting the rights of the Senate collectively its safety dignity and the integrity of its proceedings second the rights reputation and conduct of Senators individually in their representative capacity only and shall have precedence of all other questions Provided that when any matter is pending before the Senate no question of personal privilege shall be acted on until the pending question is disposed of
Rule 127 In all elections a majority of the Senators present shall be necessary to a choice
Rule 128 No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays are called and recorded All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money must originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills
Rule 129 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passage of an act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal and when any amendment to the Constitution shall be agreed to by a twothirds vote of members elected such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on the Journal in full with the yeas and nays taken thereon
Rule 130 The first and second reading of local bills shall consist of the reading of the titles only unless said bill is ordered engrossed
Questions of privilege
Elections
Appropriating money yeas and nays called and recorded Must originate in House of Representatives
Amendment to Constitution entered in full in journals
Caption or title only to be read in local bills
78
Secretary to take oath and give bond
Oath of enrolling and engrossing Clerks
Must be examined by Engrossing and Enrolling Committee and be recommended by it as competent
Secretary must enter on journals proceedings of joint sessions
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Rule 131 The Secretary and Assistant Secretary shall before entering on their duties as such take an oath before their presiding officer to discharge their duties faithfully and to the best of their skill and knowledge and the Secretary shall enter into bond in the sum of 5000 conditioned for faithful discharge of his duties Said bond to be approved by President of the Senate
Rule 132 All engrossing and enrolling clerks before entering upon the discharge of their respective duties shall take an oath before the President of the Senate to discharge their duties faithfully and to the best of their skill and knowledge of which a minute shall be made and entered on the Journals and no journalizing recording enrolling or engrossing clerk shall be appointed by the Secretary of the Senate until such clerk has been examined by the Engrossing and Enrolling Committee and certified to be competent and well qualified for the discharge of the duties required of him and shall be removed at any time upon recommendation of the Engrossing and Enrolling Committee
Rule 133 When there is a meeting of both branches of the General Assembly in joint session the Secretary shall enter in the journal of the Senate the proceedings of the same
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79
COMMITTEES
Rule 134 The President shall appoint the following standing committees
Committee on Agriculture
Committee on Amendments to Constitution Committee on Appropriations
Committee on Auditing
Committee on Aviation
Committee on Banks and Banking
Committee on Congressional and Legislative Reapportionment
Committee on Conservation
Committee on Counties and County Matters Committee on Education and Public Schools Committee on Engrossing and Enrolling Committee on Finance
Committee on Game and Fish
Committee on General Judiciary
Committee on Halls and Rooms
Committee on Highways and Public Roads Committee on Public Health
Committee on Industrial Relations
Committee on Insurance
Committee on Interstate Cooperative Council of State Government
Committee on Journals
Committee on Military Affairs
Committee on Mines and Mining
Committee on Motor Vehicles
Committee on Municipal Government Committee on Penal Institutions
Committee on Pensions
80
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Committee on Public Utilities
Committee on Public Welfare
Committee on Rules
Committee on Special Judiciary
Committee on State of the Republic
Committee on Temperance
Committee on Uniform Laws
Committee on University System of Georgia
Committee on Veteran Affairs
Committee on Western and Atlantic Railroad
The Chairman and ViceChairman of the Committee on Appropriations shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Finance and the Chairman and ViceChairman of the Committee on Finance shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Appropriations That the President of the Senate be an exofficio member of all standing committees of the Senate but shall have no vote as an exofficio member except on the Committee on Rules of which he is chairman
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ORDER OF BUSINESS
Rule 135 The following shall be the order of business
1 Prayer by the Chaplain
2 Call of the Roll
3 Report of Committee on Journals
4 Notices of motions to reconsider
5 Reading the Journal
6 Motions to reconsider
7 Confirmations of the Journal
8 Unanimous consents
9 Reports of Standing Committees
10 Reports of Select Committees
11 Messages from the Governor
12 Unfinished business
13 Special Orders and Orders of the Day
14 Messages from the House of Representatives
15 Introduction of bills etc the first time on Mondays Wednesdays and Thursdays
16 Reading House Bills etc the first time for reference
17 Reading bills etc second time favorably reported from committees
18 Consideration of bills etc adversely reported on Tuesdays and Fridays
19 Reading for third time of bills etc ready for passage
20 Motions resolutions and petitions
Rule 136 The report of the Committee on Rules shall be in order at any time and mes
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sages from the Governor or from the House of Representatives may be received under any order of business
Rule 137 No change of or addition to these rules shall be made unless such proposed change or addition be submitted in writing and referred to the Committee on Rules and reported back to the Senate
Rule 138 The rules of the Senate shall in no case be suspended or changed or the order of business changed except by a twothirds vote a quorum of the Senate being present and voting
Rule 139 The Auditing Committee before auditing the account of any Senator for expenses as a Committeeman or incurred in discharge of any duty as a member of the Senate shall require of him an itemized statement of such account supported by proper vouchers for each item whenever the same is practicable
Rule 140 When any question arises which is not provided for in the foregoing rules the same shall be controlled by the rules usually governing parliamentary bodies
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CONSTITUTIONAL RULES
Rule 141 The Lieutenant Governor shall be President of the Senate
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 7
Rule 142 A majority of each House shall constitute a quorum to transact business but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and compel the presence of its absent members as each House may provide
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 4
Rule 143 Each Senator and Representative before taking his seat shall take the following oath or affirmation towit I will support the Constitution of this State and of the United States and on all questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be most conducive to the interest and prosperity of this State
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 5
Rule 144 No bill shall become a law unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the members elected to each House of the General Assembly and it shall in every instance appear on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 14
Rule 145 The yeas and nays on any question shall at the desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 6
Lt Governor to be President of Senate
What is a quorum Compelling attendance
Oath of members
Majority required to pass bill
Teas and nays order by onefifth of members
84
Bill or resolutions appropriatine money must pass by yeaa and nays
Constitutional twothirds vote taken by yeas and nays
Revenue
bills
Readine of bills
One subject matter etc
An amendment to laws and sections of Code
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Rule 146 No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in each House are recorded
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 12
Rule 147 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for passage of an Act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 19
Rule 148 Every bill before it shall pass shall be read three times and on three separate days in each House unless in cases of actual invasion or insurrection but the first and second reading of each local bill shall consist of the reading of the title only unless said bill is ordered to be engrossed
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 7
Rule 149 All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendment as in other bills
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 10
Rule 150 No law shall pass which refers to more than one subject matter or contains matter different from what is expressed in the title thereof
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 8
Rule 151 No law or section of the Code shall be amended or repealed by mere reference to its title or to the number of the section of the Code
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but the Amending or repealing Act shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as well as the alteration to be made
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 16
Rule 152 Laws of a general nature shall have uniform operation throughout the State and no special law shall be enacted in any case for which provision has been made by an existing general law No general law affecting private rights shall be varied in any particular case by special legislation except with the free consent in writing of all persons to be affected thereby and no person under legal disability to contract is capable of such consent
Art 1 Sec 4 Par 1
Rule 153 The General Assembly shall have no power to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies to make or change election precincts nor to establish bridges or ferries nor to change names of legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law the manner in which such powers shall be exercised by the courts it may confer this authority to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies to the judges of the superior courts of this State in vacation All corporate powers and privileges to banking trust insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies shall be issued and granted by the Secretary of State in such manner as shall be prescribed by law and if in any event the Secretary of State should be disqualified to act in any case then in that event the legislature shall provide by general laws by what person such charter shall be granted
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 17
General laws how varied
Consent and when required
Corpora
tions
Power delegated to courts
86
Relief of recognizance
What the general appropriation bill shall contain Other appropriations by separate bills
Adjourn
ment
Elections
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Rule 154 The General Assembly shall have I no power to relieve principals or securities upon forfeited recognizances from the payment thereof either before or after judgment thereon unless the principal in the recognizance shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the proper officer
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 18
Rule 155 The General Appropriations bill shall embrace nothing except appropriation fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the Executive Legislative and j Judicial Departments of the Government paying of the public debt and interest thereon and for the support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appropriations shall be made by separate bills each embracing but one subject
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 9
Rule 156 Neither House shall adjourn for more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of disagreement between the two Houses on a juestion of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 22
Rule 157 All elections by the General Assembly shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the Journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the
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President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare result
Art 3 Sec 10 Par 1
Rule 158 All acts shall be signed by the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives and no bill or resolution intended to have the effect of a law which shall have been rejected by either house shall be again proposed during the same session under the same or any other title without the consent of twothirds of the House by which the same was rejected
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 13
Rule 159 Meeting of the General Assembly The General Assembly shall meet in regular session on the second Monday in January 1947 and biennially thereafter on the same day until the date shall be changed by law By concurrent resolution adopted by a majority of members elected to both Houses the General Assembly may adjourn any regular session to such later date as it may fix for reconvening in regular session but shall remain in regular session no longer than seventy 70 days in the aggregate during the term for which the members were elected If it shall adjourn the first regular session before the expiration of seventy 70 days without fixing a date for reconvening the General Assembly shall reconvene in regular session on the second Monday in January of the next year unless it shall have adjourned sine die All business pending in the Senate or House at the adjournment of any regular session may be considered at any later regular session of the same General Assembly as if there had been no adjournment Nothing herein shall be construed
Rejected bills again considered by a twothirds vote
88
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Elections
disorderly
conduct
Expulsion by twothirds vote
to effect the power of the Governor to convoke the General Assembly in extraordinary session or the duty of the Governor to convene the General Assembly in extraordinary session upon the certificate of threefifths of the members elected to the Senate and the House of Representatives as provided in Article V Section I Paragraph XII of this Constitution If an impeachment trial is pending at the end of any regular or extraordinary session the Senate may continue in session until such trial is completed The provisions of Paragraph III Section IV of Article III of the Constitution which this Constitution supersedes which apply to the meetings of the General Assembly shall continue in force until the second Monday in January 1947
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 3
Rule 160 Each House shall be the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its members and shall have the power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by censure fine or imprisonment or expulsion but no member shall be expelled except by a vote of twothirds of the House to which he belongs
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 1
Signature of Governor when required
Governor
veto
Rule 161 No provision in this Constitution for a twothirds vote of both houses of the General Assembly shall be construed to waive the necessity for the signature of the Governor as in any other case except in the case of the twothirds vote required to override the veto to submit constitutional amendments and in case of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 21
Rule 162 The Governor shall have the revision of all bills passed by the General Assembly
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before the same shall become laws but twothirds of each House may pass a bill notwithstanding his dissent and if any bill should not be returned by the Governor within five days x Sunday excepted after it has been presented to him the same shall be a law unless the General Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return He may approve any appropriation and disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill and the latter shall not be effectual unless passed by twothirds of each House
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 15
Rule 163 Every vote resolution or order to which the concurrence of both houses may be necessary except on a question of election or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor and before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be repassed by twothirds of each house provided however that nothing contained in this Article shall be construed to confer on the Governor the right to veto or enter his disapproval of any proposal made by the General Assembly to amend this Constitution
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 16
Rule 164 No county site shall be changed or removed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the county voting at an election held for that purpose and by a majority vote of the General Assembly
Art 11 Sec 1 Par 9
Rule 165 Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed in the Senate or House of Representatives and if the same shall be agreed to by twothirds of the members
Effect of twothirds vote thereon
When
Governor
must
approve
Effect of
twothirds
vote
Twothirds
vote
required
Twothirds vote required on amendments to Constitution
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LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Twothirds
vote
required to call a
convention How called
elected to each of the two Houses such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on their Journals with the yeas and nays taken thereon The General Assembly shall cause such amendment or amendments to be published in one or more newspapers in each Congressional District for two months previous to the time of holding the next general election at which election members of the General Assembly are chosen and if such proposed amendment directly affects only one or more political subdivisions of the State then it shall also be advertised in the area to be directly affected thereby and shall also provide for a submission of such proposed amendment or amendments to the people at said next general election and if the people shall ratify such amendment or amendments by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment or amendments shall become a part of this Constitution provided that if the proposed amendment is not one that directly affects the whole State but only one or more subdivisions thereof said amendment shall not become a part of this Constitution unless it receive both a majority of the electors qualified to vote voting thereon in the State as a whole and also a majority of the electors qualified to vote voting thereon in the particular subdivision or subdivisions affected When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately
Art 13 Sec 1 Par 1
Rule 166 No convention of the people shall be called by the General Assembly to revise amend or change this Constitution unless by the concurrence of twothirds of all members of each House of the General Assembly The rep
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resentation in said convention shall be based on population as near as practicable This Constitution shall not be revised amended or changed by the Convention until the proposed revision amendment or change has been submitted and ratified by the people in the manner provided for submission and ratification of amendments proposed by the General Assembly
Art 13 Sec 1 Par 2
Rule 167 The Justices of the Supreme Court each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 8000 per annum the judges of the Court of Appeals each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 8000 per annum the Judges of the Superior Courts each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 6000 per annum and the Solicitors General shall each have out of the treasury of the State a salary of 25000 per annum with the right of the General Assembly to authorize any county to supplement the salary of a judge of the Superior Court and Solicitor General of the Juicial Circuit in which such county lies out of county funds provided however where such salary is at the time of the adoption of this Constitution being supplemented out of county funds under existing laws such laws shall remain in force until altered by the General Assembly Provided further that the Board of County Commissioners of Richmond County or the Ordinary or such other board or person as may from time to time have charge of the fiscal affairs of said county shall without further legislative action continue to supplement from said Countys treasury the salary of the Judge of Superior Court of the circuit of which the said County of Richmond is a part by the sum of Two Thousand 2000 Dollars per annum which shall be in addition to the amount received by said judge out
Salaries of judges
92
May be changed by a majority vote
Evidence of notice of local and special bills must be submitted before passage of same
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
of the State treasury and such payments are declared to be a part of the court expenses of said County and such payments shall be made to the judge now in office during his present or subsequent terms as well as to his successors with the authority in the General Assembly to increase such salary from the County treasury as above provided
The General Assembly shall have power at any time by a majority vote of each branch to abolish the fees at present accruing to the office of solicitor general in any particular judicial circuit and in lieu thereof to prescribe a salary for such office without regard to the uniformity of such salaries in the various circuits and shall have further power to determine what disposition shall be made of the fines forfeitures and fees accruing to the office of solicitor general in any such judicial circuit where the fees are abolished and likewise shall have the further power if it so desires to abolish such salary and reestablish such fees but in either event when so changed the change shall not become effective until the end of the term to which the solicitor general was elected
Art 6 Sec 12 Pars 1 and 2
Rule 168 No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the newspaper in which the Sheriffs advertisements for the locality affected are published once a week for three weeks during a period of sixty days immediately preceding its introduction into the General Assembly No local or special bill shall become law unless there is attached to and made a part of said bill a copy of said notice certified by the publisher or accompanied by an affidavit of the author to the effect that said notice has
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been published as provided by law No office to which a person has been elected shall be abolished nor the term of the office shortened or lengthened by local or special bill during the term for which such person was elected unless the same be approved by the people of the jurisdiction affected in a referendum on the question Where any local law shall add any member or members to any municipal or county governing authority the members of which are elected by the people such local law must provide that the member or members so added must be elected by a majority vote of the qualified voters of the political subdivision affected
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 15
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
RULES
FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE SENATE IN EXECUTIVE SESSION
1 When nominations shall be made by the Governor to the Senate a future day shall be assigned for their considerations unless the Senate directs otherwise
2 When acting on executive business the Senate shall be cleared of all persons except the Senators the Secretary and Assistant Secretary
3 All information or remarks touching or concerning the character or qualifications of any person nominated by the Governor for office shall be kept secret
4 The Legislative and Executive proceedings the Senate shall be kept in separate and distinct books except that a copy of the message transmitting information of definite action on appointments of the Governor shall be placed in the regular Journals of the Senate
5 AH nominations approved by the Senate or otherwise definitely acted on shall be transmitted by the Secretary to the Governor with the determination of the Senate thereon from day to day as such proceedings may occur but 1 father extract from the Executive Journal shall be furnished published or otherwise communicated except as provided in Rule 4 during any session except by special order of the Senate and in transmitting the determination of the Senate thereon the Secretary shall in no instance furnish a list of the names of Senators voting m the affirmative or negative but only the fact of confirmation or rejection and the
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
95
numerical vote and the record of votes shall be sealed and transmitted to the Secretary of States office there to be placed on file
6 A majority of a quorum shall be necessary to confirm the nomination to any office made by the Governor and sent to the Senate for approval When nominations are made by the Governor for any office which require the assent and approval of the Senate in executive session after the Secretary shall read the name of the party nominated and the position to which he is appointed the President shall put to the Senate the following Shall the nomination of the Governor be confirmed by the Senate Those who favor the confirmation wll as your names are called vote Aye those opposed vote No After the roll is called the President will announce the result of the ballot and declare the result as follows It appears from the vote that a majority of the Senators have voted to confirm the appointment made by the Governor the same is hereby confirmed by the Senate or A majority of the Senators have voted against the confirmation of the nomination made by the Governor it is therefore rejected by the Senate
7 No Senator will be at liberty at any time or under any circumstances to expose or publish anything transpiring in executive session except only such matters as are required to be disclosed under the rules It is the intent and meaning of this rule that the business transacted in executive session shall be sacred and free from exposure to the outside world that every Senator shall be on his honor concerning the same
8 In Executive Session any member of the Senate shall be limited to ten 10 minutes in speaking for or against the confirmation of any nominee under consideration by the Senate
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LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
RULES
FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY WHEN ASSEMBLED IN JOINT SESSION
time of the meeting of the two houses
ln Joint session shall be determined by the concurrent resolution of the Senate and House of Representatives except where provided by law
2 The elections shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the Journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare the result
st 3 The votes are to be taken for but one election at the same time and a majority of the whole number of votes cast is necessary to a
4 The Senate and House of Representatives shall meet m joint session in the hall of the House of Representatives on the first Monday of every session at 10 oclock a m or at such time as may be fixed by joint resolution of both the purpose of electing such offices oi said btate as are now or may hereafter be required to be elected by the General Assembly oaicl joint session shall continue in morning and afternoon sessions from day to day until all of said officers are elected
5
At the hour determined by the concurren
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
97
resolution the Senate shall repair to the Hall of the House of Representatives
6 The President of the Senate shall preside and announce that the General Assembly is in joint session and cause to be read the resolution convening the same He shall put all questions to the body and decide all questions of order An appeal may be taken from any of his decisions to the whole General Assembly
7 The Speaker of the House shall sit on the left of the President of the Senate
8 In announcing a candidate the mover shall not make any commendatory or other remarks
9 After a person is nominated for any office in joint session of the General Assembly it shall not be in order to second such nomination and when the nominal on is declared closed the President shall forthwith order the rollcall and each member when called shall rise in his seat and respond promptly announcing distinctly his choice for such office
10 In the elections by the General Assembly no member after having voted shall be allowed to change his vote unless he will rise and state in his place that he voted by mistake or that his vote had been recorded by mistake
11 No debate shall be in order except as to questions of order
12 No motion to adjourn shall be in order In lieu thereof there shall be the motion to dissolve the joint session which shall be in the form That the joint session of the General Assembly
98
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
be now dissolved or That the joint session of the General Assembly be now dssolved to be reconvened at a time named The latter motion shall have precedence of the former
13 The motion to dissolve the joint session either indefinitely or until a fixed time shall always be in order except that after the call of the roll has commenced it shall not be in order until after the result of said vote shall have been declared by the President of the Senate
14 When a mot on to dissolve the joint session shall be decided in the negative the same shall not again be in order until other business shall have intervened
15 Wlhen a motion to dissolve the joint session either indefinitely or to a fixed time shall be dec ded in the affirmative the President of the Senate shall so declare and the Senate shall without further motion immediately repair to the Senate Chamber
16 The majority of each house shall be necessary to constitute a quorum of the joint session h
17 These rules may be amended by the concurrent resolution of the two houses and they or either of them shall cease to be in force when either house shall notify the other house of the withdrawal of its consent to the same
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 99
INDEX TO STANDING RULES OF Senate of Georgia
ABSENTEES Rule No
Arrest of when 99100
Call of Senate 100
Names recorded in Journal 98
Roll Call dispensed with when 97
Secretary duty as to Absentees 98
ADJOURN MOTION TO
Amendable not 46
Debatable not 46
Definite time debatable when 47
Definite time Amendable when 47
Division not in order during 49
Effect when motion prevails 50
Main Question Ordered not in order 49 58
Precedence of 4j 48
Previous Question motion for sustained motion to
adjourn in order 49 58
Shall not be made second time when 46
When in order46 48 49 58
When not in order 49 58
Yeas and Nays being called not in order49
ADJOURNMENT
Constitutional time limit E 112
Courtesy to President at 22
Effect when hour of arrives while Senate is acting
under previous question 51 58
Effect when hour of arrives while vote is being taken
by Yeas and Nays 51
Hour of Fixed by Senate 112
100
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
ADVERSE REPORT Rule No
Bills and Resolutions adversely reported taken up
when 37
Debate on 59
Effect of on bills 37
Second Reading after when1 37
AMENDMENTS
Adjourn motion to not amendable 46
Adjourn to definite time amendable when 47
Applicable to Amendments 78
Amendments to Amendments not amendable 78
Bills and Resolutions amended by sections 78 85
Bills and Resolutions perfected before substitute 79
Bills and Resolutions perfected before caption 84
Blanks must be filled in before 83
By Committee 117
Commit motion to amendable how 76
Committee Amendments take precedence 120
Committee shall not deface or interline bill but report
amendments on separate paper 117
Caption not considered until Bill perfected 84
Engrossment Effect of 36 I
General Appropriations Bill Senate may amend 128
General Tax Bill Senate may amend 128
Germane must be 122
House Amendments to S B 88 90
House Amendments to S B may be amended 88
House Amendments to S B Priority of motion to
amend 89
House Amendments to S B Priority of Questions on 90 House Amendments to S B Senate Amendment to
not subject to amendment 88
Priority of 82 87120122
Priority of to perfect part proposed to be stricken87122
Priority of on passage of bill 120
Precedence of motion to amend 45
Postpone indefinitely motion to not amendable 68
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
101
Rule No
Postpone definitely amendable 72
Reconsideration of when 95
Report of by committee 117
Report of Committee agreed to amendments after 80
Requirements of motion to amend 81
Secretary duty of when amendments made to bill
and resolutions by sections 85
Secretary duty of in amending by inserting and
striking out 86
Strike out motion to part to be stricken considered
first 122
Section by 85
Table amendments motion to not in order 52
Table motion to lay on or take from not amendable 55
Ways of making 78
When too late 8085
When made bill being considered by sections 85
Writing motion to amend must be in 81
AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION
Journal proposed recorded in 129
Yeas and Nays recorded on 129
Majority required 129
APPEALS
From Presidents decision 9
Member called to Order may appeal 15
No debate on appeals of personal character 8
Time of making 9
102
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
APPLAUSE Rule No I
Prohibited in Galleries or Senate Chamber 25
APPROPRIATIONS
General Bill right of wayI 34
House must originate 128
Senate may amend appropriation bill 128
Yeas and Nays required 128
ATTENDANCE
Arrest of senators for nonattendance99100
Call of Senate 99
Messengers duty as to99100
Power to compel99100
President duty as to99100
AUDITING COMMITTEE
Accounts of members duty as to 139
BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Adverse Committee report on 37
Amendments to 78
Amendments to passed on before caption or preamble
considered 84
Amendments Bill perfected first 79
Amendments to too late 8085
Amendments by sections 85
Amendments to when too late bill being considered
by sections 85
Amendments to by striking and inserting 86
Amendments by committees how reported 117
Bills perfected before substitutes 79
Caption not considered until bill perfected 84
Committee amendments take precedence 120
Committee amendments how reported 117
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 103
Rule No
Committee reports on precedence of 40
Committee Report on effect of disposal of 3738
Committee Report favorable effect of 3759
Committee Report unfavorable effect of 37 59
Commit motion to 45 73 76
Commitment to CommitteesI 36
Debate none on first reading 36
Deface or interline no committee shall 117
Disagreement to favorable committee report effect of 38
Engrossment effect of 36
Entries on to be made by secretary 36
Form 41
First Reading no debate1 36
General Appropriations bill takes precedence 34
General bills not placed for passage out of order by
unanimous consent 39
General Tax Bill takes precedence 34
Immediate transmission to house 43
Local Bills effect of engrossment130
Local Bills First and Second Readings 130
Local Bills third reading and placement for passage
by unanimous consent 39
Precedence of 34
President duty to commit 36
Printing of 42
Reading of by unanimous consent 39
Recommit motion to 77
Requirements of 41
Reported by committee bill may be amended before
report agreed to 120
Reconsideration 9196
Reconsideration effect of 96
Second Reading after adverse committee report 37
Secretary duty of in amending by striking and
inserting 86
Secretary state author and number of when reading 34
Secretary to call in order on calendar 34
Special committee motion to commit to 73 74
104
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Rule No
Strike out motion to part to be stricken considered
first 122
Unanimous consent for reading or consideration 39
Withdrawal of
Substitute Bill perfected before 79
CALL OF THE SENATE
Contempt on
When in order
When main question ordered
12
12100 65
CAPTION
Not considered until bill perfected
84
CHANGE OF VOTES
How and when
COMMITTEES
Amendments by how reported
Amendments by takes precedence
Appointment of
Appropriations exofficio members of
Bills not to be interlined or defaced by
Chairman Appropriations and Finance exofficio
members
Change after announcement
Commit to motion to
Conference how and when constituted
Enlarged how
Exofficio members of8
Finance exofficio members of
President appoint
President exofficio member of rules committee Reports order of precedence
125
117
120
4134 134 117
134 109 7377 119 109 134 134
4134 134
40
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
105
Rule No
Recommit to motion to 77
Senators elected to fill vacancies committee assignment 10
Standing committees 134
COMMIT MOTION TO
Amended how
Applicable to what
Debate simple motion not debatable
Debate motion to commit with instructions debatable
Precedence among other motions
Precedence among motions to commit
Special Committee to
Standing committee to takes precedence
Recommit motion to
76
73 75 75 45
74 73 74
74
77
CONTEMPT
By Outsiders
By Senators
On Call of the Senate
11
12100 12100
CONVERSATION
Presidents right to suppress
Senators refrain from when
DEBATE
Adjourn motion to not debatable
Adjourn to definite time motion to debatable
Adverse report debate on
Appeals from chair of personal character not
debatable
Bill or resolution no debate on first reading
Breach of order in debate
Change order of business motion to not debatable
1
17
46
47 59
8
36
15
105
106
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Rule No
Commit motion to not debatable 75
Commit with instructions motion to debatable 75
Committee matters reference to out of order in 23
Conduct of Senators in15212223
Conversation reference to out of order in 23
Excuse from voting motion to not debatable 30
First reading of bill or resolution no debate 36
House happenings reference to out of order in 23
Incidental matters after motion for previous question
sustained decided without debate 66
Interrogation of speakers through president 21
Limitation of speeches 15
Minority report debate on 63
Nondebatable motion not in order when31121
Postpone definitely motion to debate limited 71
Postpone indefinitely motion to debatable 68
Previous Question motion for not debatable 58
Previous Question motion for decided affirmatively
debate limited 5963
Previous Question motion for incidental questions decided without debate 66
Priority of Business decided by President without
debate 14
Reading of papers question of decided without
debate 29
Roll Call no debate during 26
Suspend Rules motion to not debatable 105
Yeas and Nays motion for decided without debate 113
Yeas and Nays no debate during 26
DISPARAGING REMARKS
Prohibited on Nominations 24
DIVISION OF SENATE
After main question ordered 60
Call for 60
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 107
Rule No
Excuse for voting motion to must be before 30
Senator may ask for 5 60
DIVISION OF QUESTION
Duty of member asking 33
Right to call for 32
What divisible 3233
ENGROSSMENT
Effect of 36
ENROLLING AND ENGROSSING COMMITTEE
Clerks examine and approve 132
Clerks recommended removal of 132
EXCEPTION TO WORDS SPOKEN
Procedure for taking 16
EXECUTIVE SESSION
Reference to Special Rules
Cleared Senate Chamber cleared of all persons except
senators secretary and assistant secretary 2
Journal message informing governor of action on
nominees record in regular journal
Journal separate journal for executive sessions
Journal secret 35
Governor informed of action on nominees by secretary 4
Limit as to time of speech
Nomination majority necessary to confirm
Nomination how put
Nomination when considered 1
Nominees discussion of secret 35
Nominees secretary inform governor of action on

108
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Rule No
Proceedings kept in separate book from legislative
proceedings 4
Proceedings kept secret 3 5 7
Procedure 2 6
Remarks of Senators kept secret 3
Secretary and assistant in senate during session 2
Secretary duty as to journal 4 5
Secretary inform governor of action on nominees 5
Secrecy required 23 57
Senate chamber cleared of all persons except senators secretary and assistant secretary during session 2 Senators shall not disclose proceedings or happenings
of session 37
Votes on nominations kept secret 5
Votes record of sealed and filed with Secretary of
State 5
Votes result only announced 5
EXPLANATION OF VOTES
When and time allowed 28
EXPULSION OF MEMBERS
When and how 15
DOORKEEPER
Clear lobbies and galleries when 11
Messages duty in receiving 101
Suspension of 10
GALLERIES
Applause or hisses prohibited in 25
President may clear 11
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
109
GENERAL ASSEMBLY Rule No
Minutes of joint sessions of kept in Senate Journal 133
GENERAL APPROPRIATIONS BILLS
Precedence of 34
Senate may amend only 123
GENERAL TAX BILL
Precedence of 34
Senate may amend only 128
GOVERNOR
Entitled to privileges of the Floor 110
HOUR OF ADJOURNMENT
Effect of arrival of 51 58
Effect of arrival of when Senate acting under previous question 51 53
Effect of arrival of vote being taken by yeas and nays 61
Fixed by Senate 112
Provided 112
IMMEDIATE TRANSMISSION TO THE HOUSE
Majority vote necessary for 43
Reconsideration of motion for 94
When ordered 43
JOINT SESSION
RULES OF GENERAL ASSEMBLY IN JOINT SESSION
References to Special Rules
Adjourn motion to see motion to dissolve
Appeals from decisions of chair 8
110
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Rule No
Change of vote when allowed 10
Commendatory remarks prohibited 8
Elections by 24910
Elections change of vote on 10
Elections majority for 8
Elections only one at time 3
Elections record of vote kept in House Journal 2
Elections vote how taken 239
Elections where held 2
Debate no debate except on points of order 11
Dissolve motion to not in order after roll call commenced 13
Dissolve motion to effect of when prevailing 15
Dissolve motion to and reconvene at definite time
takes precedence 13
Dissolve motion to definite and indefinite 12
Dissolve motion to when in order 13
Dissolve motion to when lost in order again when 14
Journal of House contain record of vote on elections 2
Majority necessary for election 3
Nominations no commendatory remarks by member
making 8
Nominations no second of in order 9
Nominations roll call on 9
Order points of debatable 11
Presiding Officer President of Senate 26
Presiding Officer duties of6915
Place of meeting 25
Procedure
Quorum 16
Roll Call on elections 9
Roll Commenced motion to dissolve not in order 13
Rules how changed 17
Rules consent of both houses to necessary 17
Senate repair to Hall of House of Representatives 5 Senate return to Senate Chamber on dissolution 15
Sessions continue how long 413
Speaker of House sit at left of President of Senate 7
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 111
Rule No
State officers election of
Time of meeting 1
Voting 2 39
Vote change of 10
JOURNAL
Absentees Contain names of 98
Appropriations motion for yeas and nays recorded on 128
Committee on duty to read Ill
Constitutional amendments recorded in 129
Constitutional amendments yeas and nays recorded on 129 Constitution requires twothirds majority for passage of bill or resolution yeas and nays shall be recorded 129
General Assembly minutes kept in Senate 133
Oaths minutes of oaths kept in 132
Protest of Senators entry in 20
Reconsideration of matters in 91
Senators not voting on yeas and nays names entered in 107
LAUDATORY REMARKS
Prohibited 24
LIEUTENANT GOVERNOR
Duties of 141
LOCAL BILLS
Engrossment effect of 130
First and Second reading 130
Reading of third time and put on passage by unanimous consent 39

112
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
MAIN QUESTION Rule No l
Adjourn motion to not in order after main question
ordered 49 58
Call of Senate after ordered
Call of Senate after main question ordered
Debate time allowed for majority after main question
ordered
Debate time allowed minority after main questioned
ordered
Debate time allowed author after main question
ordered 63 65 66
Division of Senate 60
Effect of when order5859636566
Reconsideration of ordering 62
Table motion to not in order after main question
ordered 57 58
Vote how taken when ordered 60
MAJORITY
Change rules or order of business necessary to44138
Election necessary for 127
MEMORIALS
Presentment and consideration 104
MINORITY REPORTS
Debate on
Minority may make reports how
MESSAGES
Consideration of 102
How sent received announced and considered 101 P
Received from the Governor or House at any time 136
When Received 102136
63
123
65
65
59
63
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
113
MESSENGER Rule No
Arrest senators power to on order of president99100
Clear galleries and lobbies when
Duty of on call of Senate
ExOfficio SergeantatArms 9
General duties 1
Suspension of
MOTIONS
Information for from executive department lie on
table one day
Germane motion to amend must be JJJ
Nondebatable not in order when1 121
One at time only iak
Order of business motion to change not debatable
Order of business motion to change vote necessary44138
Order of priority
Privilege question of take precedence
Reading by secretary effect of ibo
Read papers motion to not debatable
Rules motion to change or suspend vote necessary 138
Rules motion to change or suspend how submitted 137
Seconding not required 108
Senator resume seat while motion is being put 2
Special Orders motion to make how submitted 35
Statement of by chair effect of 103
Strike out motion to part to be stricken considered
first 122
Unprivileged containing new matter lie on table one
day
Withdrawal of
NEW MATTERS
Information from executive department motion for lie
on table one day 124
Unprivileged motion containing lie on table one day Unanimous consent for
106
39
114 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
NOMINATIONS Rule No
Disparaging remarks prohibited in 24
Laudatory Remarks prohibited in 24
OATHS
Assistant Secretary 131
Clerks 132
Entered in Journal 132
Secretarys 131
ORDER OF BUSINESS
Established 135
Majority necessary to change order fixed by rules
committee 44
Majority necessary to change order 138
Motion to change not debatable 105
Priority of decided by president without debate 14
Rules committee fix during last fifteen days of session 44 Special orders motion for how submitted 35
PAIRING
Not recognized f ng
PARLIAMENTARY LAW
Applicable when 140
PETITIONS
Presentment and consideration 104
PREAMBLE
Not considered until bill or resolution perfected 84
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
115
POSTPONE TO DEFINITE DAY MOTION TO Rule No
Applicable to what 72
Amendments subject to 72
Debate limited 71
Impossible day motion to postpone to treated how 72
Precedence of 4569
Renewal when lost cannot be made again the same day 71
POSTPONE INDEFINITELY MOTION TO
Applicable to what 69
Amendments not subject to 68
Debate subject to 68
Effect when motion prevails 67
Impossible motion to postpone impossible day treated
how 72
Precedence of 4569
Renewal when lost motion cannot be again made on same matter 70
PRESIDENT
Absence of president pro tem preside 7
Adjournment Senators remain until president retires 22
Appeals from decision of8915
Arrest president may order of persons disturbing
senate 11
Arrest Senators power to order when absent99100
Attendance power to compel99100
Business priority of decided by 14
Call of Senate power and duty on1213100
Committees appointed by 4134
Commitment of bills and resolutions on first reading 36
Courtesy due by Senators to at adjournment 22
Conference Committee appointed by 119
Division may order 5
Galleries power to clear 11
Interrogation of senators through 21
Irrevelant debate power to suspend 1
116
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Rule No
Lobbies power to clear 11
Method of stating question 5
Messages duty on receiving 102
No quorum voting duty of president 1213
Recognition of Senators decided by 3
Rules committee exofficio chairman of 134
Signs all writs warrants etc of Senate 114
Silence power to command 1
Senator may name to preside 6
Senator may call to order for breach of rules 15
Senators elected after committees appointed president
may appoint to committees 109
Standing Committees appointment of 134
Suspension of officers by 10
Vote president required to when 2
Vacant chairmanships power to fill 109
PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE
Absence of president and president pro tempore secretary shall call election of president pro tempore 7 Duties of 7
PREVIOUS QUESTION
Adjournment effect of arrival of hour of Senate acting under 51
Adjourn motion to after motion for previous question
sustained 49 58
Affirmative vote on effect of58 59 6366
Applicable to what 64
Call of Senate after previous question ordered 65
Debate regulated previous question decided affirmatively 5963
Debate motion for not subject to 58
Exhausted before matters excepted to decided 16
Incidental questions arising after previous question
ordered decided without debate 66
Precedence of motion for 45 58
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
117
Rule No
Reconsideration 62
Table motion to after motion for previous question sustained 5758
PRIVILEGE
Motion without to lie on table 106
Personal 126
Question of what constitute 126
Questions of take precedence 126
PRIVILEGE OF THE FLOOR
When extended to visitors 110
Who entitled to 110
PRINTING OF BILLS
When ordered 42
PROTESTS OF SENATORS
Procedure for 20
QUORUM
Call of Senate no quorum voting 100
No quorum voting duty of president1213100
No quorum voting president may order yeas and nays 13
READING OF PAPERS
Determined by Senate 29
RECOMMIT MOTION TO
Applicable to what 77
118
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
RECONSIDERATION Rule No
Amendments of 95
Applicable to what 91
Committee Reports of action on 38
Effect of 6296
Immediate transmission motion for reconsidered
when 94
Intervening days effect of 94
Main question ordering of may be reconsidered 62
Main question ordering of may be reconsidered only
once 62
Notice required 92
One time no matter reconsidered but 93
Previous question reconsideration of 62
When and how asked 91 94
When motion for is in order 91
REMONSTRANCES
Presentment and Consideration 104
REPORTS OF COMMITTEES
Amendments after agreement to 80
Disagreement to effect of 38
Favorable report effect of 37
Form of 123
Minority reports 123
Procedure after 3738
Precedence of 40
Reconsideration of action on 38
Unfavorable report 37
Writing must be in 123
RULES
Change proposal to must be submitted in writing
and referred to Rules Committee 137
Majority necessary to change 138
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
119
Special orders motion to make how submitted
Suspend motion to not debatable
Suspended how105 137
RULES COMMITTEE
Change in rules all proposals for submitted to
Order of business for last fifteen days fixed by
Report of in order at any time
Special orders must be reported on by
SECRETARY
Absence of president and president pro tem call election for president pro tem
Absentees note name of
Amending bills by sections duty of in
Amending bills by striking and inserting duty of in
Attest all writs warrants etc of Senate
Bills and Resolutions called in order by from calendar Bills and Resolutions Engrossed Entries on to be
made by
Bills and Resolutions state number and author of in
calling
Bond of
Clerks appointment of
General assembly joint session keep minutes of
Journal duty to enter names of Senators not voting
on yeas and nays
Oath
SENATORS
Adjournment duty of at
Accounts of duty of auditing committee as to
Applause prohibited
Arrest power of president to order99
Attendance power of president to compel99
Call of Senate may ask
Call to order for transgression of rules
35
108
138
137
44
136
35
7
98
85
86
114
34
36
34
131
132
133
107
131
22
139
25
100
100
100
15
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Rule No
Committee assignments when elected after organization of Senate completed 109
Conduct in debate151718212325 31
Contempt of the Senate 12
Conversation refrain from 17
Courtesy owed Senator speaking 22
Debate how often speak 15
Debate reference to private conversations committee
or house happenings prohibit in 23
Decorum of 1517192125
Division of Question may ask for 32
Division of Question duty of Senator asking for 33
Division of Senate may ask for 5 60
Disparaging Remarks prohibited 24
Exceptions to words spoken 16
Expulsion of 15
Interrogation of through president 21
Laudatory remarks prohibited 24
Messenger duty of to 116
Motion make only one at time 27
Motion must resume seat while motion being put 27
Motion prohibited from making nondebatable when31121
Not voting names of entered in Journal 107
Pairing of not recognized 118
Personal Privilege 126
Preside president may designate Senators to 6
Protest of Senate action by 20
Reading of Papers call for 29
Recognition order of decided by president 3
Retire when required to 19
Retire not allowed to when 1299
Senators refer to Senators by districts and not by
name 18
Special Orders request for 35
Stationery messenger shall supply 116
Unanimous consent right to ask for 39
Vote changing how and when 125
Vote Explanation of 28
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
121
Rule No
Vote shall not when interested 19
Vote refusal to on call of Senate 12
Voting motion to excuse from 30
Yeas and Nays call for 60
SERGEANTATARMS
Duty of on Call of the Senate 100
Messenger exofficio 99
SIGNATURE OF PRESIDENT AND SECRETARY
When required 114
SILENCE
Senators preserve 17
SPECIAL COMMITTEE
Priority of Motion to commit to 7374
SPECIAL ORDER
How obtained 35
SUBSTITUTE
Bill perfected before 79
Table motion to not in order 52
SUSPENSION OF RULES
How accomplished 105137138
TABLE MOTION TO
Amendment motion to table not in order 52
122
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Rule No
Amendment motion to table or take from table not
subject to 55
Applicable to what 56
Debate motion to table or take from table not subject
to 55
Effect when motion to take from table prevails 53
Information from executive department motion for
lie on table one day 124
Motion to take from table in order when 5354
Main Question ordered motion to table not in order 57 58
Presence of 45
Previous Question motion for sustained motion to
table in order 57 58
Renewal of motion to table or take from table 54
Substitute not subject to 52
Unprivileged motion containing new matter lie on
table one day 106
When in order motion to table and take from table 5457
TWOTHIRDS VOTE WHEN NECESSARY
Constitution Amendment 129
Expulsion of Senators 15
Yeas and Nays recorded when constitution requires 129
UNANIMOUS CONSENT
Explanation of vote by 28
Limitation and regulation of 39
Local bills considered by when 39
New matters consideration by 39
No request to extend time of explanation shall be entertained 28
YEAS AND NAYS
Adjournment effect of arrival of hour of while vote being taken by 51
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
123
Rule No
Adjourn motion to not in order during call of 49
Appropriations record of required on all 128
Call for after main question ordered 60
Change vote after call of 14o
Constitution requiring twothird vote for passage of
bill yeas and nays shall be recorded 129
Constitution amendment to required and recorded on 129
Debate no debate during call of 26
Debate motion or call for not debatable llo
Explanation of vote when vote taken by 28
Excuse from voting motion to must be made before
start of Jg
Expulsion of Senator vote bycXVoq ioq
Journal show names of Senators not voting on 107
President may order no quorum voting 1213
Required when 60128129
124
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Seating of Members of the Georgia House of Representatives
1 Hopkins
2 Smdey
3 Register
4 Lewis of Greene
5 Hawkins
6 Green of Rabun
7 Wilkes
8 Claxton
9 Hall of Floyd
10 Scoggin
11 Covington
12 Denton
13 Beasley
14 Sheffield 13 Lanier
16 Leach
17 Nightingale
18 Gowen
19 Bennett
20 Stevens of Marion
21 Callier
22 Freeman
23 Brantley
24 Adams
of Upson 23 Ramsey
26 Barber
of Jackson
27 Boone
28 Deen
29 Wheeler
30 Smith of Bryan
31 Alverson
32 Hoke Smith of Fulton
33 M M Smith of Fulton
34 Adams
of Evans
35 Hall
of Toombs
36 Campbell of Oconee
37 Langdale
38 Gillis
39 Jordan
40 Hilton
41 Garrard
42 Edenfield
43 Smith
of Emanuel
44 Ray
45 Twitty
46 Hood
47 Adams
of Brantley
48 Bvrd
49 McGee
50 Jones
of Lumpkin
51 Ursrey
52 Clary
53 Rogers
54 Tarbutton
55 Warren
56 Clay
57 Vandiver
58 Wood
59 Williams
of Houston
60 Musgrove
61 Greer
62 Jones
of Bartow
63 Tumlin
64 Brooks
65 Dally
66 Stanton
67 Pittard
68 Matthews
69 Abney
of Walker
70 Abney
of Catoosa
71 Campbell of Walker
72 Johnston
73 Summer
74 Biggers
75 Rollins
76 Durden
77 Bentley
78 Williams of Cobb
79 Birdsong
80 Lam
81 Groover
82 Fears
83 Jessup
84 Stewart
85 McGarity
86 Kemp
87 Page
88 Bargeron
89 Cates
90 Clark
91 Battles
92 Robertson of Coweta
93 Cranford
94 Harrell
95 Todd
96 Raulerson
97 McCracken
98 Mangum
99 Kitchens
100 Aycock
101 Tarpley
102 Green
of Cherokee
103 Britton
104 Carr
105 Brazeal
106 Smith
of Carroll
107 Duncan
108 Mackay
109 McWhorter
110 Bell
of DeKalb
111 King
112 Pickard
113 Dicus
114 Hollis
115 Hale
116 Harper
117 Bolton
118 Best
119 Lavender
120 Gardner
121 Lovett
122 Hadden
123 Neville
124 Trapnell
125 Whitworth
126 Murphy
127 Coffin
128 Burgamy
129 Murr
130 Gary
131 Deason
132 Risner
133 White
134 Kelley
135 Otwell
136 Bell
of Richmond
137 Holley
138 Graham
139 Boggus
140 Wilkinson
141 Parker
142 Kidd
143 Turk
144 Jolly
145 Scott
146 Willis
147 Owens
148 Wiggins
149 Wright
150 Newman
151 Griffith
152 Mims
153 Mull
154 Pickett
155 Simmons
156 Peacock
157 Greene of Crisp
168 Flynt
159 Tillman
160 Vickers
161 Burkett
162 Walker
of Telfair
163 Jackson
164 Lewis
of Hancock
165 Coogle
166 Terry
167 Little
168 Tippens
169 Guthrie
170 Kennedy
171 Green of Irwin
172 Henderson
173 Wooten
174 Barber
of Colquitt
175 Short
176 Durham
177 Black
178 Dorsey
179 Baughman
180 Stephens of Towns
181 Herrin
182 Ball
183 Willingham
184 Walker
of Crawford
185 Harris
186 Mishoe
187 Key
188 Stocks
189 Rowland
190 Nelson
191 Dews
192 Brannen
193 Johnson
194 Overby
195 Knight
196 Cornelius
197 McKelvey
198 Robertson of Dawson
199 Weems
200 Waldrop
201 Tamplin
202 Barrett
203 Sivell
204 Huddleston Rostrum
Fred Hand Speaker Rostrum Joe Bone Clerk
126
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
OFFICERS OF THE
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES TERM 1951 1952
FRED HAND Mitchell County Speaker
GEORGE L SMITH II Emanuel County Speaker Pro Tem
JOE BOONE Wilkinson County Clerk
JACK GREEN Rabun County Assistant
JANETTE HIRSCH Fulton County Assistant
R 0 SMITH Fulton County Reading Clerk
BILLIE KELLY Fulton County Calendar Clerk
MARION TOMS Quitman County Doorkeeper
LAWRENCE D BURKS Webster County Messenger
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
127
MEMBERS OF THE
GEORGIA HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED ACCORDING TO NAMES WITH COUNTIES AND POST OFFICES
FOR THE TERM 19511952
Representative County Post Office
Abney Howard Catoosa Ringgold
Abney W L Walker LaFayette
Adams C Winton Brantley Nahunta
Adams Owen J Upson Thomaston
Adams W L Roy Evans Claxton
A1 verson Luther Fulton Atlanta
Aycock Leon Jenkins Millen
Ball Clarence M Lamar Barnesville
Barber Leo T Colquitt Moultrie
Barber Mac Jackson Commerce
Bargeron J J Burke Sardis
Barrett W J Jr Pike Zebulon
Battles G F Sr Decatur Bainbridge
Baughman Leon H Early Cedar Springs
Beasley Fred D McIntosh Crescent
Bell John C Richmond Augusta
Bell Richard DeKalb Decatur
Bennett J Julian Barrow Winder
Bentley Fred D Cobb Marietta
Best Richard W Clay v Fort Gaines
Biggers Willis A Sr Meriwether Greenville
Birdsong Frank G Troup LaGrange
Black J Lucius Webster Preston
Boggus Argin A Sr Ben Hill Fitzgerald
Bolton Arthur K Spalding Griffin
Boone Alexander S Wilkinson Irwinton
Brannen Clint B Dooly Unadilla
Brantley W S Bill Upson Thomaston
128
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Representative County Post Office
Brazeal Marvin Terrell Dawson
Britton W A Whitfield Dalton
Brooks George B Oglethorpe Crawford
Burgamy Charles Sumter Americus
Burkett Noah Coffee Douglas
Byrd D E Taylor Reynolds
Callier H Chris Talbot Talbotton
Campbell Albert Walker LaFayette
Campbell J Phil Jr Oconee Watjdns ville
Carr Sanford P Jr Whitfield Dalton
Cates Frank M Burke Waynesboro
Clark Tom Decatur Bainbridge
Clary Horace E McDuffie Thomson
Claxton Quincy Lee Camden Kingsland
Clay Clarence H Jr Bibb Macon
Coffin Paul Schley Ellaville
Coogle Tom L Macon Oglethorpe
Cornelius M M Polk Cedartown
Covington Dean Floyd Rome
Cranford Clifford A Coweta Newnan
Dally Gene Walton Social Circle
Deason J M Stewart Lumpkin
Deen Braswell Jr Bacon Alma
Denton W L Paulding Dallas
Dews Charles E Calhoun Edison
Dicus Harry Muscogee Columbus
Dorsey Guy C White Cleveland
Duncan J Ebb Carroll Carrollton
Durden Adie N Dougherty Albany
Durham John C Baker Newton
Edenfield H C Emanuel Swainsboro
Fears Dan Butts Jackson
Flynt Wales T Taliaferro Crawfordville
Freeman Wm B Monroe Forsyth
Gardner B C Jr Dougherty Albany
Garrard H G Wilkes Washington
Gary Britt Quitman Georgetown
Gillis Hugh Treutlen Soperton
Gowen Charles L Glynn Brunswick
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
129
Representative
Graham Sam T
Green Marion F
Green Paul A
Green W R
Greene Palmer H
Greer John W
Griffith Dr E F
Groover M E Sr
Guthrie Roy R
Hadden A Oswald
Hale Maddox J
Hall J Battle
Hall Steve M
Hand Fred
Harper E Girdean
Harrell R A
Harris Robert L
Hawkins W Colbert
Henderson Waldo
Herrin W H Jr
Hilton Chester
Holley William W
Hollis Howell
Hood John S Jr
Hopkins Alva J Jr
Huddleston Grady L
Jackson George L
Jessup Ben
Johnson Hammond Jr
Johnston Joe L
Jolly Joe T
Jones Fred C Jr
Jones R V
Jordan C M Jr
Kelley Paul V Sr
Kemp Edwin S
Kennedy T E Jr
Key Wm Hicks
Kidd Culver
County Post Office
Richmond Augusta
Irwin Ocilla
Rabun Clayton
Cherokee Canton
Crisp Cordele
Lanier Lakeland
Putnam Eatonton
Troup LaGrange
Berrien Nashville
Laurens Rentz
Dade Trenton
Floyd Rome
Toombs Lyons
Mitchell Pelham
Spalding Griffin
Grady Cairo
Wayne Jesup
Screven Sylvania
Atkinson Lakeland
Echols Howell
Montgomery

Richmond Augusta
Muscogee Columbus
Chatham
Charlton Folkston
Fayette Fayetteville
Jones Gray
Bleckley Cochran
Hall Gainesville
Worth Sylvester
Franklin Royston
Lumpkin Dahlonega
Bartow Cartersville
Wheeler Alamo
Gwinnett Lawrenceville
Clayton Jonesboro
Turner Ashburn
Jasper Montieello
Baldwin Milledgeville
130
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Representa ti ve
County
King Joe NfcChattahoochee
Kitchens Claud STwiggs
Knight Troy FGordon
Lam C 0Troup
Langdale John WLowndes
Lanier William LCandler
Lavender Woodrow WilsonElbert
Leach Dempsey WRockdale
Lewis John CHancock
Lewis Miles WalkerGreene
Little F B SrPeach
Lovett W HerschelLaurens
McCracken J RoyJefferson
McGarity Edward EHenry
McGee George HChatham
McKelvey Paul Polk
McWhorter W HughDeKalb
Mackay James ADeKalb
Mangum Byron BColumbia
Matthews Chappelle Clarke
Mims Jim Bush Miller
Mishoe Dr H MTattnall
Mull Reid Fannin
Murphy Harold LHaralson
Murr Jack Sumter
Musgrove Downing Clinch
Nelson J DPulaski
Neville William JBulloch
Newman W F Ware
Nightingale Bernard NGlynn
Otwell James A JrForsyth
Overby Howard THall
Owens Seymour STift
Page Owen H JrChatham
Parker Arnold LBaldwin
Peacock Gilbert CDodge
Pickard A MacMuscogee
Pickett W HaysPickens
Pittard Grady C JrClarke
Post Office
Cusseta
Dry Branch
Calhoun
Hogansville
Valdosta
Metter
Bowman
Conyers
Sparta
Greensboro
Fort Valley
Dublin
Avera
McDonough
Savannah
Rockmart
Decatur
Decatur
Grovetown
Athens
Colquitt
Glennville
Blue Ridge
Buchanan
Americus
Homerville
Hawkinsville
Statesboro
Waycross
Brunswick
Cumming
Gainesville
Tifton
Savannah
Milledgeville
Eastman
Columbus tu
Jasper
Winterville
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
131
Representative County Post Office
Ramsey H N Sr Effingham
Raulerson 0 W Pierce Patterson
Ray Jack B Warren Norwood
Register G Troy Lowndes Valdosta
Risner T H Hart Hartwell
Robertson Goodman Coweta Turin
Robertson J E Dawson Gainesville
Rogers J Artie Heard Franklin
Rollins Grady Meriwether Manchester
Rowland Emory L Johnson Wrightsville
Scoggin Robert L Bob Floyd Rome
Scott W Fred Jr Thomas Thomasville
Sheffield John E Jr Brooks Quitman
Short H Jack Colquitt Doerun
Simmons Walter F Gilmer Ellijay
Sivell W D Harris Chipley
Smiley C J Liberty Lambert
Smith George L II Emanuel Swainsboro
Smith Hoke Fulton Atlanta
Smith M M Muggsy Fulton Atlanta
Smith W K M D Bryan Pembroke
Smith Willis Carroll Carrollton
Stanton Robert H Jr Newton Social Circle
Stephens L E Towns Young Harrh
Stevens E C Marion Buena Vista
Stewart Lloyd L Habersham Hollywood
Stocks Jesse B Lee Leesburg
Sumner Dr Gordon S Worth Sylvester
Tamplin Howard H Morgan Madison
Tarbutton B J Washington Sandersville
Tarpley Jack G Union Blairsville
Terry A F Murray Chatsworth
Tillman T Malcolm Appling Surrency
Tippens Leroy G Wilcox Rochelle
Todd Wm G Glascock Gibson
Trapnell Algie J Bulloch Statesboro
Tumlin Floyd S Bartow Cartersville
Turk Josiah H Banks Maysville
Twitty Frank S Mitchell Camilla
132
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Representative County Post Office
Ursrey Lawton R Jeff Davis Hazlehurst
Vandiver W Horace Bibb Macon
Vickers Micajah Coffee Ambrose
Waldrop J Douglas Winston
Walker Jim C Telfair
Walker Nat F Crawford Roberta
Warren Luke R Washington Tennille
Weems Faul B Chattooga Summerville
Wheeler Raymond E Seminole Donalsonville
White j Austin Gwinnett Buford
Whitworth Sam E Madison Hull
Wiggins Ben T Stephens Toccoa
Wilkes Wilson B Cook Adel
Wilkinson Carl C Long Ludowici
Williams Charlie L Houston Warner Robins
Williams Harry E Cobb Marietta
Willingham F Hughes Lincoln Lincolnton
Willis 0 S Thomas Coolidge
Wood James I Bibb Macon
Wooten J Mercer Randolph Shellman
Wright Sam T Ware Waycross
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
MEMBERS OF THE
GEORGIA HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
BY COUNTIES AND POST OFFICES FOR THE TERM 19511952
County
Representative
Post Office
Appling
Atkinson
Bacon
Baker
Baldwin
Baldwin
Banks
Barrow Bartow Bartow Ben Hill Berrien
Bibb
Bibb
Bibb
Bleckley
Brantley
Brooks
Bryan
Bulloch
Bulloch
Burke
Burke
Butts
Calhoun
Camden
Candler
Carroll
Carroll
T Malcolm TillmanSurrency
Waldo Henderson Lakeland
Braswell Deen JrAlma
John C DurhamNewton
Culver Kidd Milledgeville
Arnold L ParkerMilledgeville
Josiah H TurkMaysville
J Julian Bennett Winder
R V JonesCartersville
Floyd S TumlinJ Carter sville
Argin A Boggus SrFitzgerald
Roy R GuthrieNashville
Clarence H Clay JrMacon
W Horace Vandiver Macon
James I WoodMacon
Ben Jessup Cochran
C Winton AdamsNahunta
John E Sheffield JrQuitman
W K Smith M DPembroke
Algie J TrapnellStatesboro
William J NevilleStatesboro
J J BargerbnSardis
Frank M CatesWaynesboro
Dan Fears Jackson
Charles E DewsEdison
Quincy Lee ClaxtonKingsland
William L Lanier Metter
Willis Smith Carrollton
J Ebb DuncanCarrollton
134
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
County Representative
CatoosaHoward Abney
CharltonAlva J Hopkins Jr
ChathamJohn S Hood Jr
ChathamGeorge H McGee
ChathamOwen H Page Jr
ChattahoocheeJoe N King
ChattoogaPaul B Weems
CherokeeW R Green
ClarkeChappelle Matthews
ClarkeGrady C Pittard Jr
ClayRichard W Best
Clayton Edwin S Kemp
ClinchDowning Musgrove
CobbHarry E Williams
CobbFred D Bentley
CoffeeMicajah Vickers
CoffeeNoah Burkett
ColquittLeo T Barber
ColquittH Jack Short
ColumbiaByron B Mangum
CookWilson B Wilkes
CowetaClifford A Cranford
CowetaGoodman Robertson
CrawfordNat F Walker
CrispPalmer H Greene
DadevMaddox J Hale
DawsonJ E Robertson
DecaturG F Battles Sr
DecaturTom Clark
DeKalbRichard Bell
DeKalbJames A Mackay
DeKalbW Hugh McWhorter
Dodge Gilbert C Peacock
DoolyClint B Brannen
DoughertyAdie N Durden
Dougherty B C Gardner Jr
DouglasJ E Waldrop
EarlyLeon H Baughman
EcholsW H Herrin Jr
Post Office
Ringgold
Folkston
Savannah
Savannah
Savannah
Cusseta
Summerville
Canton
Athens
Winter ville
Fort Gaines
Jonesboro
Homerville
Marietta
Marietta
Ambrose
Douglas
Moultrie
Doerun
Grovetown
Adel
Newnan
Turin
Roberta
Cor dele
Trenton
Gainesville
Bainbridge
Bainbridge
Decatur
Decatur
Decatur
Eastman
Unadilla
Albany
Albany
Winston
Cedar Springs
Howell ii
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
135
County Representative Post Office
Effingham H N Ramsey Sr Springfield
Elbert Woodrow Wilson Lavender Bowman
Emanuel George L Smith II Swainsboro
Emanuel H C Edenfield Swainsboro
Evans W L Roy Adams Claxton
Fannin Reid Mull Blue Ridge
Fayette Grady L Huddleston Fayetteville
Floyd Dean Covington Rome
Floyd Robert L Bob Scoggin Rome
Floyd J Battle Hall Rome
Forsyth James A Otwell Jr Cumming
Franklin Joe T Jolly Royston
Fulton M M Muggsy Smith Atlanta
Fulton Hoke Smith Atlanta
Fulton Luther Alverson Atlanta
Gilmer Walter E Simmons Ellijay
Glascock Wm G Todd Gibson
Glynn Charles L Gowen Brunswick
Glynn Bernard N Nightingale Brunswick
Gordon Troy F Knight Calhoun
Grady R A Harrell Cairo
Greene Miles Walker Lewis Greensboro
Gwinnett J Austin White Buford
Gwinnett Paul V Kelley Sr Lawrenceville
Habersham Lloyd L Stewart Hollywood
Hall Hammond Johnson Jr Gainesville
Hall Howard T Overby Gainesville
Hancock John C Lewis Sparta
Haralson Harold L Murphy Buchanan
Harris W D Sivell Chipley
Hart T H Risner Hartwell
Heard J Artie Rogers Franklin
Henry Edward E McGarity McDonough
Houston Charlie L Williams Warner Robins
Irwin Marion F Green Ocilla
Jackson Mac Barber Commerce
Jasper Wm Hicks Key i Monticello
Jeff Davis Lawton R Ursrey Hazlehurst
Jefferson J Roy McCracken A ver a
136
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
County Representative Post Office
Jenkins Leon Aycock Millen
Johnson Emory L Rowland Wrights ville
Jones George L Jackson Gray
Lamar Clarence M Ball t Barnes ville
Lanier John W Greer Lakeland
Laurens A Oswald Hadden Rentz
Laurens W Herschel Lovett Dublin
Lee Jesse B Stocks Leesburg
Liberty C J Smiley Lambert
Lincoln F Hughes Willingham Lincolnton
Carl 0 Wilkinson Ludowici
Lowndes John W Langdale Valdosta
Lowndes G Troy Register Valdosta
Lumpkin Fred C Jones Jr Dahlonega
Macon Tom L Coogle Oglethorpe
Madison Sam E Whitworth Hull
Marion E C Stevens Buena Vista
McDuffie Horace E Clary Thomson
McIntosh Fred D Beasley Crescent
Meriwether Willis A Biggers Sr Greenville
Meriwether Grady Rollins Manchester
Miller Jim Bush Mims Colquitt
Mitchell Fred Hand Pelham
Mitchell Frank S Twitty Camilla
Monroe Wm B Freeman Forsyth
Montgomery Chester Hilton Tarrytown
Morgan Howard H Tamplin Madison
Murray A F Terry Chats worth
Muscogee Harry Dicus Columbus
Muscogee Howell Hollis Columbus
Muscogee A Mac Pickard Columbus
Newton Robert H Stanton Jr Social Circle
Oconee J Phil Campbell Jr Watkinsville
Oglethorpe George B Brooks Crawford
Paulding W L Denton Dallas
Peach F B Little Sr Fort Valley
Pickens W Hays Pickett Jasper
Pierce 0 W Raulerson Patterson
Pike W J Barrett Jr Zebulon
LGISLATIVE MANUAL
137
County
Polk
Polk
Pulaski
Putnam
Quitman
Rabun
Randolph
Richmond
Richmond
Richmond
Rockdale
Schley
Screven
Seminole
Spalding
Spalding
Stephens
Stewart
Sumter
Sumter
Talbot
Taliaferro
Tattnall
Taylor
Telfair
Terrell
Thomas
Thomas
Tift
Toombs
Towns
Treutlen
Troup
Troup
Troup
Turner
Twiggs
Union
Upson
Representative Post Office
M M CorneliusCedartown
Paul McKelvey Rockmart
J D NelsonHawbihsville
Dr E F GfiffitbiEatdhtoh
Britt Gary Georgetown
Paul A GreenClayton
J Mercer WootenShellman
John C BellAugusta
William W HolleyAugusta
Sam T GrahamAugusta
Dempsey W LeachConyers
Paul Coffin Ellaville
W Colbert Hawkins Sylvania
Raymond E WlieelerDonalsonville
Arthur K BoltonGriffin
J3 Girdean HarperGriffin
Ben T WigginsToccoa
J M Deason Lumpkin
Jack Murr Americas
Charles BurgamyAmericus
H Chris CallierTalbotton
Wales T FlyntCrawfordville
Dr H M MishoeGlennville
D E ByrdReynolds
Jim C WalkerMcRae
Marvin Brazeal Dawson
W Fred Scott JrThomasville
0 S WillisCoolidge
Seymour S OwensTifton
Steve M HallLyons
L E StephensYoung Harris
Hugh Gillis Soperton
Frank G BirdsongLaGrange
M E Groover SrLaGrange
C O Lam Hogansville
T E Kennedy JrAshburn
Claud S KitchensDry Branch
Jack G TarpleyBlairsville
Owen J AdamsThomaston
138
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
County Representative Post Office
Upson W S Bill Brantley Thomaston
Walker W L Abney LaFayette
Walker Albert Campbell LaFayette
Walton Gene Dally Social Circle
Ware W F Newman Waycross
Ware Sam T Wright Waycross
Warren Jack B Ray Norwood
Washington B J Tarbutton Sandersville
Washington Luke R Warren Tennille
Wayne Robert L Harris Jesup
J tinftins Klack Preston
Wheeler C M Jordan Jr Alamo
White Guy C Dorsey Cleveland
Whitfield Sanford P Carr Jr Dlton
Whitfield W A Britton Dalton
Wilcox Leroy G Tippens Rochelle
Wilkes H G Garrard Washington
Wilkinson Alexander S Boone Irwinton
Worth Joe L Johnston Sylvester
Worth Dr Gordon S Sumner Sylvester
STANDING COMMITTEES
OF THE
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
TERM 19511952
140
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
ACADEMY FOR THE BLIND Vickers of Coffee Chairman Green of Cherokee
Eisner ViceChairman Clay Secretary Baughman Black Bolton Brannen Britton Burgamy Byrd Clark Coffin Cranford Durden Durham Freeman
Hale
Harper
Harrell
Henderson
Jordan
Murr
Nelson
Robertson of Coweta
Scott
Sheffield
Sumner
Whitworth
Williams of Houston
Wood
AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION No 1
Freeman Chairman Sivell ViceChairman Twitty Secretary
Abney of Catoosa
Adams of Brantley
Adams of Upson
Barber of Jackson
Dicus
Gardner
Gowen
Harris
Hawkins
Hilton
Holley
J ackson
Johnson of Hall Jolly
Jordan
McWhorter
Ray
Rogers
Rowland
Scoggin
Scott
Sheffield
Short
Smith of Carroll
Smith of Emanuel
Stevens of Marion
Tarpley
Trapnell
Warren
Wright
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
141
AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION No 2
Nightingale Chairman Page ViceChairman Hale Secretary
Abney of Catoosa
Bell of DeKalb
Bell of Richmond
Birdsong
Deen
Denton
Fears
Greene of Crisp Groover
Hall of Toombs Hollis Huddleston Jessup
Kelley
King
Lanier
Leach
Lewis of Greene
Lovett
McGarity
Murr
Raulerson
Smiley
Stocks
Terry
Waldrop
Whitworth
Williams of Cobb
APPROPRIATIONS
Lovett Chairman Ursrey ViceChairman SCOGGIN Secretary
Adams of Upson
Barber of Jackson
Beasley
Black
Britton
Clark
Clary
Claxton
Coffin
Cranford
Dally
Deen
Denton
Dicus
Durden
Durham
Freeman
Gardner Green of Irwin Greene of Crisp Greer Groover Harper
Johnson of Hall
Key
Lam
Langdale
Lavender
Lewis of Greene
McGee
McWhorter
Mims
Mishoe
Murphy
Newman
Parker
Pittard
142
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Risner
Sivell
Smith of Carroll
H Smith of Fulton
Stocks
Sumner
Tippens
AUDITING
Todd
Tumlin
Weems
White
Wilkes
Willingham
Willis
Claxton Chairman Hall of Toombs ViceChairman Jessup Secretary Aycock Birdsong
Campbell of Walker
Deen
Edenfield
Gary
Green of Cherokee
Harrell
King
Knight
Lam
AVIATION
Jones of Lumpkin Chairman Neville ViceChairman Brantley Secretary
Abney of Walker Claxton Cranford Durham
Green of Cherokee
Greene of Crisp
Greer
Guthrie
Hadden
Hawkins
Henderson
Huddleston
Jackson
Johnson of Hall Jordan
Leach
Lewis of Hancock
McKelvey
McWhorter
Parker
Raulerson
Smiley
Walker of Crawford
Warren
White
Whitworth
Williams of Houston
Wright
Kemp
King
Lavender
McGee
McWhorter
Murr
Newman
Pickett
Risner
Stanton
Stevens of Marion
Terry
Todd
Vickers
Walker of Crawford Wheeler
Williams of Houston Wilkes
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
BANKS AND BANKING
Tarbutton Chairman Tippins ViceChairman Graham Secretary
Adams of Evans Adams of Upson Aycock
Barber of Colquitt
Bell of Richmond
Bolton
Brantley
Britton
Clark
Coffin
Dews
Edenfield
Flynt
Garrard
Greene of Crisp
Greer
Harper
Huddleston Johnson of Hall Jolly Key
Langdale
Leach
Lovett
McWhorter
Mangum
Mull
Otwell
Ray
Scott
Short
M Smith of Fulton Walker of Telfair White Wiggins
Williams of Houston Wooten
COMMERCE
Greene of Crisp Chairman Johnson of Hall ViceChairman Birdsong Secretary Baughman Bell of Richmond Black Brantley Britton Burgamy Burkett Cornelius Deen Guthrie Harrell
Huddleston
Knight
Lavender
Mishoe
Murr
Page
Peacock
Pittard
Robertson of Dawson
Rowland
Stanton
Stocks
Ursrey
Williams of Houston
144
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
CONSERVATION
Edenfield Chairman Battles ViceChairman Musgrove Secretary
Abney of Catoosa
Adams of Brantley
Adams of Evans
Barrett
Beasley
Burkett
Byrd
Callier
Dally
Flynt
Garrard
Gillis
Green of Irwin Hale
Hall of Toombs
Harrell
Harris
Henderson
Herrin
Jordan
Kennedy
King
Mangum
Mims
Mishoe
Newman
Parker
Ramsey
Raulerson
Rollins
Sivell
Stewart
Sumner
Tarbutton
Tillman
Todd
Turk
Vickers
Ursrey
Wilkes
Wilkinson
CORPORATION
Coogle Chairman King ViceChairman Deen Secretary
Adams of Upson
Baughman
Bentley
Black
Brazeal
Campbell of Walker Claxton Cornelius Durden
Edenfield
Hadden
Hall of Floyd
Hawkins
Holley
Jackson
Jolly
Kemp
Knight
Lavender
Lovett
McGee
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Newman Terry
Rowland Vandiver
M Smith of Fulton Vickers
Stevens of Marion Williams of Hottston
COUNTIES AND COUNTY MATTERS
Alverson Chairman Knight
Baughman ViceChairman Lanier
Coffin Secretary Murr
Adams of Upson Nelson
Ball Nightingale
Bell of DeKalb Otwell
Bolton Overby
Brazeal Parker
Burkett Pickett
Dally Pittard
Deason Rogers
Dews Short
Dorsey Sivell
Edenfield Stocks
Gardner Sumner
Green of Irwin Tamplin
Greene of Crisp Tarpley
Hale Tillman
Hall of Floyd Todd
Henderson Ursrey
Herrin White
Hollis Williams of Cobb
Hood Willingham
Hopkins Willis
Kemp Wood
King
DRAINAGE
Bargeron Chairman Barrett
Lewis of Hancock Bennett
ViceChairman Brazeal
Overby Secretary Brooks
146
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Campbell of Oconee
Greer
Hollis
Key
Kidd
Langdale
McCracken
Mangum
Matthews
Ray
Smiley
Smith of Emanuel
H Smith of Fulton
T witty
Wheeler
Willis
EDUCATION NO 1
Duncan Chairman Lam ViceChairman Hall of Floyd Secretary Barber of Colquitt Battles Bennett Birdsong Boggus Brazeal Brooks Burgamy Cornelius Deason
Green of Rabun
Guthrie
Hollis
Jolly
Knight
Lanier
Leach
Lovett
Murr
Overby
Page
Raulerson
Rollins
H Smith of Fulton
Terry
Todd
Wiggins
Williams of Houston Wilkinson
EDUCATION NO 2
Adams of Evans Chairman Aycock ViceChairman Cranford Secretary
Adams of Upson
Beasley
Biggers
Brantley
Britton
Clark
Claxton
Durden
Green of Cherokee
Greene of Crisp
Greer
Griffith
Henderson
Holley
Jessup
Jordan
Lewis of Hancock
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
147
McGee Stevens of
McKelvey Stocks
Musgrove Tamplin
Otwell Tarpley
Peacock Warren
Pittard White
Robertson of Dawson Wilkes
Rowland
ENGROSSING
Green of Rabun Chairman Lavender
Byrd ViceChairman McGee
Walker of Telfair Secretary Mackay
Baughman Newman
Boone Peacock
Brooks Robertson
Burgamy Sheffield
Clark Smiley
Deason Stanton
Edenfield Stocks
Green of Cherokee Tarpley
Harper Ursrey
Hawkins Weems
Hood Wilkes
ENROLLMENT
Dorsey Chairman Griffith
Jolly ViceChairman Hadden
Terry Secretary Harrell
Alverson Herrin
Bell of Richmond Jackson
Bolton Jessup
Brantley Langdale
Campbell of Oconee Parker
Carr Stewart
Coffin Wooten
Deen
148
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
EXCUSE OF MEMBERS ABSENT WITHOUT LEAVE
McGarity Chairman King
Barrett ViceChairman Knight
Vandiver Secretary Lam
Bolton McKelvey
Boone McWhorter
Brazeal Mishoe
Coogle Murphy
Cranford Newman
Hale Peacock
Hall of Floyd Risner
Hawkins Rowland
Henderson Smiley
Hopkins Tumlin
Jackson Vickers
Johnson of Hall White
Kemp
GAME AND FISH
Langdale Chairman Stocks ViceChairman Clary Secretary
Abney of Catoosa
Abney of Walker
Adams of Brantley
Adams of Upson
Barber of Jackson
Barger on
Baughman
Beasley
Black
Boggus
Brantley
Carr
Cates
Claxton
Dally
Duncan
Durham
Fears
Flynt
Gardner
Garrard
Gary
Gillis
Gowen
Green of Cherokee Greene of Crisp Hadden
Hall of Toombs
Henderson
Herrin
Hilton
Hood
Huddleston
Jessup
Jordan
Kemp
Kidd
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
149
Leach
Matthews
Peacock
Ramsey
Raulerson
Robertson of Dawson Sheffield
M Smith of Fulton
Tarpley
Terry
Turk
Walker of Crawford
Weems
White
Wilkes
Wilkinson
Willingham
Willis
Wright
GENERAL AGRICULTURE NO 1
Campbell of Oconee Chairman Ursrey ViceChairman Coffin Secretary Aycock Ball
Barber of Colquitt
Barger on
Barrett
Best
Black
Brantley
Brazeal
Byrd
Callier
Cates
Coffin
Coogle
Clary
Dally
Deason
Dews
Duncan
Edenfield
Freeman
Garrard
Gary
Guthrie
Hadden
Harrell
Herrin
Hilton
Johnston of Worth
Knight
Lanier
Little
Matthews
Mims
Mishoe
Nelson
Owens
Ramsey
Raulerson
Robertson of Dawson Rowland
Stevens of Marion
Stocks
Tamplin
Tippins
Trapnell
Twitty
Vickers
Walker of Telfair
Wheeler
Wilkinson
150
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
GENERAL AGRICULTURE NO 2
Rogers of Heard Chairman Baughman ViceChairman Short Secretary
Adams of Upson
Bennett
Boggus
Brannen
Burkett
Cornelius
Deen
Dorsey
Green of Irwin
Harris
Hawkins
Henderson
Jessup
Kennedy
Langdale
Lavender
Lewis of Green
Mims
Murr
Pickett
Register
Rollins
Sheffield
Simmons
Sivell
Smith of Carroll
Stanton
Stewart
Tarbutton
Tillman
Whitworth
Williams of Cobb
Williams of Houston
GENERAL JUDICIARY NO 1
Gowen Chairman Leach ViceChairman Gardner Secretary
Barber of Jackson
Bennett
Burgamy
Clark
Covington
Cranford
Deen
Freeman
Jackson
Johnston of Worth Key
Langdale Lewis of Hancock
McCracken
McWhorter
Mackay
Matthews
Murr
Neville
Overby
Pickett
Rogers
H Smith of Fulton
Tarpley
Twitty
Whitworth
Wiggins
Williams of Cobb Wooten
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
161
GENERAL JUDICIARY NO 2
I Hollis Chairman
Brooks ViceChairman j Pittard Secretary
Adams of Upson
Alverson
Bentley
Clay
Dally
Edenfield
Flynt
Gary
Gillis
Green of Irwin Hadden
Hale
Hall of Floyd
Hall of Toombs
Mims
Murphy
Newman
Nightingale
Owens
Todd
Tumlin
Ursrey
Vandiver
Willis
Wood
GEORGIA SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF
Scoggin Chairman Gary ViceChairman Lewis of Greene Secretary Bentley Biggers Covington Green of Cherokee Guthrie Hall of Floyd Hawkins Herrin Hopkins Huddleston Jessup
Jones of Bartow
Jones of Lumpkin
Kemp
Lam
Langdale
Mackay
Murf
Newman
Robertson of Dawson
Stanton
Tillman
Tippins
Vickers
Walker of Crawford
White
Wilkes
GEORGIA STATE SANITARIUM
Kidd Chairman Barber of Colquitt
Boone ViceChairman Barber of Jackson
Jackson Secretary Barrett
Alverson Bell of Richmond
152
LEGISLATIVE manual
Bentley
Brannen
Brooks
Burkett
Campbell of Walker
Coogle
Dorsey
Durham
Gardner
Gillis
Green of Rabun
Griffith
Hadden
Harrell
Henderson
Hilton
Jolly
Lanier
Lewis of Hancock
McCracken
McKelvey
Minis
Mishoe
Newman
Parker
Peacock
Pittard
Risner
Rowland
Sumner
Stevens of Marion
Terry
Ursrey
Vandiver
Walker of Crawford
Warren
Wheeler
White
Willingham
Willis
Wood
HALLS AND ROOMS
McWhorter Chairman Durden ViceChairman Burkett Secretary Beasley Boone Brantley Byrd Callier Carr Clay Durham Garrard Guthrie Hadden Hilton
J ackson
Kemp
Knight
McGarity
Mackay
Pickard
Pickett
Robertson of Dawson
Rollins
Simmons
M Smith of Fulton
Walker of Crawford
Wood
Wooten
Wright
LEGISLATIVE manual
153
HISTORICAL RESEARCH
Raulerson Chairman Mull ViceChairman Durham Secretary Abney of Catoosa Baughman Bell of DeKalb Bell of Richmond Black Bolton Boone Cranford Denton Dorsey Fears Guthrie Harper Hawkins Holley Hood Kennedy Lanier Peacock Pittard Simmons H Smith of Fulton Tillman Vandiver Vickers Walker of Telfair
HYGIENE AND SANITATION
Smith of Bryan Chairman Sumner ViceChairman Carr Secretary Abney of Walker Aycock Ball Baughman Bentley Black Cranford Fears Gary Green of Cherokee Griffith Groover Hall of Floyd Herrin Jessup Jolly Jones of Bartow King Lam McGee Mishoe Murphy Pittard Ramsey Ray Rowland Sheffield Stanton Tumlin Turk Twitty Walker of Crawford Weems
154
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS
Rowland Chairman Kennedy
McGee ViceChairman Key
Williams of Cobb Secretary McKelvey
Battles Mackay
Barber of Colquitt Overby
Best Ray
Birdsong Scott
Durden Tarbutton
Groover Twitty
Harper Vandiver
Harris Waldrop
Holley
INSURANCE
M Smith of Fulton Chairman Harper ViceChairman DlCUS Secretary
Adams of Evans Adams of Upson Barber of Colquitt Brantley
Campbell of Walker
Dally
Freeman
Garrard
Gary
Groover
Hadden
Hall of Floyd
Hood
Hopkins
Johnston of Worth Jones of Lumpkin Key Lam
Lavender
Lewis of Greene
Lewis of Hancock
Mackay
Mull
Otwell
Owens
Peacock
Robertson of Coweta Short
Smith of Carroll Stevens of Marion Tippens
Walker of Crawford
Walker of Telfair
Weems
Wheeler
White
Wiggins
Williams of Houston
Wilkes
Wood
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
INTERSTATE COOPERATION
Smith of Emanuel Chairman Lewis of Hancock
McCracken ViceChairman Twitty
Ray Secretary
INVALID PENSION AND SOLDIERS HOME
Whitworth Chairman Trapnell ViceChairman Robertson of Coweta Secretary Bell of DeKalb Boone Claxton Coogle Durham Guthrie
Hall of Toombs Jackson
Jones of Bartow
Kennedy
Lewis of Greene
Mull
Neville
Pickard
Simmons
Sivell
M Smith of Fulton
Ursrey
Waldrop
JOURNALS
Callier Chairman Tamplin ViceChairman Huddleston Secretary Bell of DeKalb Best Brannen Burgamy Carr Coffin Durham Flynt
Green of Cherokee Green of Irwin Hale Harper
Harris
Lanier
Little
Musgrove
Neville
Robertson of Coweta
Rollins
Simmons
Smith of Bryan
Stanton
Stevens of Marion
Tillman
Trapnell
Tumlin
Wilkinson
156
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
LEGISLATIVE AND CONGRESSIONAL REAPPORTIONMENT
Lewis of Hancock Chairman Best ViceChairman Stewart Secretary Alverson Aycock Barber of Jackson Barger on Battles Burkett Campbell of Oconee Deen Dorsey Durham Lavender McCracken Matthews Neville Overby Ray Smith of Bryan Smith of Carroll Tarpley Vandiver Weems Wiggins Wood
MANUFACTURERS
Wilkes Chairman Hood ViceChairman Ramsey Secretary Alverson Ball Barrett Biggers Britton Campbell of Walker Coffin Clary Clay Cranford Denton Fears Flynt Griffith Hopkins Kitchens Lam Lavender Leach Lewis of Hancock Little Lovett McGee Mull Murphy Neville Owens Peacock Pickett Register Robertsoh of Coweta Short Stephens of Towns Tillman
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
MILITARY AFFAIRS
r Chairman Hollis
AL ViceChairman Jolly
of Lumpkin Secretary Jones of Bartow
Abney of Walker Kelly
Beasley Kidd
Bell of Richmond King
Biggers Langdale
Bolton Lewis of Greene
Brooks Lovett
Clay Murphy
Covington Murr
Cranford Neville
Dally Nightingale
Dews Owens
Durden Page
Fears Sumner
Greene of Crisp Terry
Griffith Wilkes
Hawkins Williams of Cobb
Henderson Willingham
MINS AND MINING
Abney of Walker Chairman Tumlin ViceChairman McKelvey Secretary Bentley Black Brannen Britton Clark Cornelius Covington Dicus Dorsey
Green of Rabun
Hale
Jessup
Jones of Bartow
Jones of Lumpkin
Little
Murphy
Register
Simmons
Stephens of Towns Turk
Walker of Telfair
Willingham
Wood
158
Gillis Chairman Kidd ViceChairman Hopkins Secretary
Abney of Walker
Barber of Colquitt
Bargeron
Barrett
Battle
Beasley
Brannen
Brazeal
Brooks
Cates
Campbell of Oconee
Coogle
Duncan
Edenfield
Freeman
Gary
Hall of Floyd Hall of Toombs Harper
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL MOTOR VEHICLES
Hood
Huddleston Johnston of Worth Jones of Lumpkin Jordan Key
Langdale
Lewis of Hancock
Little
McCracken
Mangum
Mull
Nelson
Neville
Otwell
Owens
Pickard
Pittard
Register
Sheffield
Smith of Emanuel Warren
Bennett Chairman
Barber of Colquitt ViceChrm
Wooten Secretary Best Clark Clay Coogle Cornelius Denton Duncan Durham Freeman Garrard Gowen
Green of Rabun
Holley
Kemp
MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT
Key McCracken McGarity McGee McKelvey Mackay Overby Pickard Risner Scoggin Simmons Smith of Carroll H Smith of Fultor Terry Tumlin
Williams of Cobb
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
159
PENITENTIARY
Cates Chairman Kemp ViceChairman Mims Secretary
Abney of Walker Adams of Brantley Aycock Ball
Barber of Jackson
Bargeron
Bennett
Black
Boggus
Burkett
Byrd
Campbell of Walker
Carr
Coffin
Gardner
Gillis
Graham
Hall of Toombs
Harris
Kidd
Lam
Little
McCracken
Musgrove
Pickard
Pickett
Register
Risner
Scoggin
Sivell
Smiley
M Smith of Fulton
Tarbutton
Tumlin
Ursrey
Weems
Wheeler
Williams of Cobb
PENSIONS
Murk Chairman Wright ViceChairman Willis Secretary
Adams of Upson
Bentley
Bolton
Brannen
Clary
Dorsey
Duncan
Durham
Gowen
Groover
Harper
Hopkins
Jessup
Kelley
Kemp
Kitchens
Lewis of Greene
Mishoe
Newman
Page
Ramsey
Register
Robertson of Coweta Simmons Smith of Bryan Stanton
Stephens of Towns
160
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Tippens
Todd
Trapnell
Tumlin
Vandiver
Waldrop
Wilkinson
PRIVILEGES AND ELECTIONS
Johnston of Worth Chairman Waldrop ViceChairman Deason Secretary
Adams of Brantley Barber of Colquitt Bell of DeKalb Best
Campbell of Walker
Claxton
Coogle
Covington
Dally
Dews
Dorsey
Fears
Flynt
Griffith
Harris
Hollis
Jones of Bartow
Kelley
Kitchens
Little
Mull
Pickett
Ramsey
Rogers
Short
Sivell
Tamplin
Warren
Wooten
PRIVILEGES OF Pickard Chairman Groover ViceChairman Burgamy Secretary
Abney of Catoosa Ball
Birdsong
Bolton
Brannen
Britton
Clary
PjppS
Freeman
Gowen
Greene of Cyisp Hilton
THE FLOOR
Huddleston
Little
McWhorter Mims
Musgrove
Nelson
Otwell
Page
Smith of Bryan
Tippens
Trapnell
Ursrey
Waldrop
Whitworth
Wilkes
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
161
PUBLIC HIGHWAYS No 1
al Chairman Hilton
jm ViceChairman Hood
Secretary Hopkins
Adams of Evans Johnson of Hall
Aycock Johnston of Worth
Baughman Jordan
Bell of Richmond Key
Bennett King
Biggers Lovett
Brooks McCracken
Burkett McKelvey
Byrd Mishoe
Callier Pickard
Campbell of Walker Scoggin
Cates Short
Coogle Sivell
Deason Smiley
Durham Smith of Emanuel
Flynt Stocks
Gardner Tamplin
Gillis Tippens
Green of Cherokee Trapnell
Green of Rabun Twitty
Greene of Crisp Vickers
Greer Walker of Telfair
Groover Wheeler
Hale Wilkinson
Harrell Willis
Harris Wright
PUBLIC HIGHWAYS No 2
Sheffield Chairman Beasley
Owens ViceChairman Boggus
Dews Secretary Brantley
Adams of Upson Clark
Ball Cornelius
Barber of Colquitt Duncan
162
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Edenfield Robertson of Dawson
Garrard Smith of Carroll
Griffith M Smith of Fulton
Guthrie Stanton
Hawkins Stewart
Herrin Sumner
Jones of Lumpkin Tarbutton
Kitchens Tarpley
Lewis of Greene Tillman
McGarity Todd
Mull Turk
Murphy Ursrey
Musgrove Vandiver
Otwell Weems
Parker Whitworth
Pickett Wiggins
Ramsey Williams of Houston
Raulerson Willingham
PUBLIC LIBRARY
Jessup Chairman Holley ViceChairman Risner Secretary
Barber of Jackson
Bentley
Birdsong
Carr
Clary
Clay
Dally
Deason
Denton
Flynt
Harris
Hilton
Jones of Lumpkin
Mims
Nelson
Raulerson
Simmons
Stephens of Towns
Wooten
Wright
PUBLIC PRINTING
BOONE Chairman Burgamy
GREEN of Irwin ViceChrm Callier
Willingham Secretary Clary
Best Covington
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
163
Deason
Hollis
Kitchens
McWhorter
Murphy
Nelson
Owens
PUBLIC
Henderson Chairman WheeIjER ViceChairman Abney of Catoosa Secretary Biggers Dicus Graham Hood Kelly Key Kidd
McGarity
Nightingale
Otwell
H Smith of Fulton
Stephens of Towns
Tamplin
Ursrey
Wilkes
Wooten
PROPERTY
Pickett Register Rollins Short
Smith of Bryan Sumner Trapnell Turk
Walker of Crawford Wilkinson Willingham Willis
PUBLIC
Bell of Richmond Chairman Biggers ViceChairman Register Secretary
Abney of Walker Adams of Brantley Adams of Evans Alverson Ball
Bell of DeKalb
Clay
Coogle
Dews
Duncan
Fears
UTILITIES
Green of Rabun Greene of Crisp Hopkins Huddleston Johnson of Hall Johnston of Worth Jones of Bartow Jones of Lumpkin Kelley Key
Kitchens
Lavender
Lovett
Mull
164
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Parker
Pickard
Risner
Robertson of Coweta
Rogers
Scott
M Smith of Fulton
Tippens
Trapnell
Walker of Telfair Warren Weems Wheeler
PUBLIC WELFARE
Greer Chairman Boggus ViceChairman Bolton Secretary
Adams of Evans Ayeock Battles Beasley Black Clay Fears Graham
Green of Rabun
Groover
Kemp
Lam
Lewis of Greene
McKlvey
McWhorter
Mishoe
Nelson
Page
Robertson of Coweta
Todd
Waldrop
Weems
Wiggins
Wright
RAILROADS
Hilton Chairman Dally ViceChairman Kitchens Secretary Ball
Beasley
Bell of DeKalb
Boggus
Callier
Clay
Dicus
Freeman
Garrard
Green of Irwin
Holley
Jones of Bartow
Kennedy
Key
Knight
McGarity a
McGee
Mangum
Mull
Musgrove
Rogers
Scoggin
Smith of Bryan
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
165
Stephens of Towns
Sumner
Turk
Waldrop
Walker of Telfair
RULES
Mr Speaker Chairman Twitty ViceChairman Lewis of Hancock Secretary Alverson Aycock Bargeron Battles Bennett Brazeal Brooks Cates Coogle Covington Deason Duncan Edenfield Gardner Gillis Gowen Hollis Hood Jackson
SANITARIUM AT ALTO
Covington Chairman Griffith ViceChairman Wiggins Secretary
Abney of Catoosa Battles
Bell of DeKalb Claxton
Williams of Cobb
Willingham
Wood
Wright
Jordan
Kemp
Key
Kidd
Lovett
McCracken
Mangum
Matthews
Neville
Overby
Owens
Ray
Rogers
Sheffield
Smiley
Smith of Bryan Smith of Emanuel Stevens of Marion Vickers
Walker of Telfair
Wiggins
Willis
AND ROME
Cornelius
Dicus
Dorsey
Durden
Garrard
Hale
Hall of Floyd
166
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Johnston of Worth
Jolly
Kelley
Kennedy
Murphy
Otwell
Overby
Register
Rogers
Sivell
Stephens of Towns
Turk
Weems
Whitworth
Wilkes
Wooten
SPECIAL APPROPRIATIONS
Smiley Chairman Cornelius ViceChairman Hawkins Secretary
Adams of Evans
Bentley
Biggers
Birdsong
Britton
Burgamy
Clay
Deason
Dews
Dorsey
Fears
Flynt
Graham
Griffith
Guthrie
Hale
Herrin
Johnston of Worth Kelley
Kitchens
Mackay
Mangum
Musgrove
Nightingale
Otwell
Owens
Page
Peacock
Pickett
Ramsey
Register
Robertson of Coweta
Scott
Simmons
Terry
Waldrop
Walker of Crawford Wilkinson
Williams of Houston
Wood
Wooten
SPECIAL JUDICIARY
Smith of Carroll Chairman Battles
Adams of Brantley ViceChrm Bell of DeKalb
Denton Secretary Bell of Richmond
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
167
Birdsong
Bolton
Cornelius
Dicus
Harris
Henderson
Johnson of Hall
Jones of Bartow
Kelley
Kennedy
Kitchens
Knight
STATE OF
McCracken Chairman
Brooks ViceChairman
Todd Secretary
Abney of Catoosa
Abney of Walker
Adams of Brantley
Alverson
Aycock
Ball
Bargeron
Barrett
Battles
Baughman
Bennett
Boone
Britton
Burkett
Byrd
Callier
Campbell of Oconee
Cates
Dews
Edenfield
Flynt
Garrard
Little
McKelvey
Mishoe
Musgrove
Page
Risner
Simmons
Stephens of Towns
Tamplin
Tippens
Williams of Houston
REPUBLIC
Gary
Gillis
Graham
Green of Rabun
Hadden
Harrell
Hilton
Holley
Huddleston
J ackson
Johnston of Worth
Jolly
King
Kitchens
Lewis of Hancock
Lovett
McGarity
McKelvey
Mangum
Murr
Nelson
Overby
Peacock
Ray
Rogers
168
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Scoggin
Smiley
Smith of Bryan Smith of Carroll Smith of Emanuel Stevens of Marion Stocks
Tarbutton
Trapnell
Twitty
Vickers
Walker of Telfair
Warren
Wright
STATE PRISON FARMS
Stevens of Marion Chairman Mishoe ViceChairman Wood Secretary
Adams of Evans
Best
Biggers
Boggus
Burgamy
Callier
Clary
Dews
Dicus
Duncan
Edenfield
Green of Irwin
Greer
Hall of Toombs Henderson
Johnston of Worth
Kennedy
Kitchens
Lanier
McGarity
Mangum
Nelson
Nightingale
Ramsey
Rogers
Stephens
Sumner
Todd
Trapnell
Vandiver
Walker of Telfair Wooten
TEMPERANCE
Smith of Emanuel Chairman Dicus
Adams of Brantley ViceChrm Durden
King Secretary Gardner
Alverson Gowen
Bargeron Graham
Barrett ey
Brooks McCracken
Coogle McGarity
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
McGee
Neville
Nightingale
Smiley
H Smith of Fulton
Tarbutton
Twitty
Wheeler
Willis
TRAINING SCHOOLS
Hopkins Chairman Johnson of Hall
Parker ViceChairman Jones of Bartow
Clark Secretary Kelley
Adams of Brantley Lam
Battles Matthews
Beasley Mims
Biggers Page
Boone Pickard
Britton Raulerson
Deason Risner
Graham Sheffield
Green of Irwin Smith of Carroll
Green of Rabun Stephens of Towns
Groover Stewart
Hall of Toombs Turk
Herrin Waldrop
UNIFORM STATE LAWS
Herrin Chairman Freeman
Otwell ViceChairman Green of Irwin
Turk Secretary Holley
Adams of Evans Hollis
Bell of DeKalb Kelley
Biggers Nightingale
Birdsong Owens
Boggus Parker
Brannen Robertson of Dawson
Carr Risner
Clary Scott
Denton Stephens of Towns
170
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Tamplin
Tarpley
Vandiver
Waldrop
Warren
Williams of Cobb
UNIVERSITY SYSTEM OF GEORGIA
Matthews Chairman H Smith of Fulton ViceChairman Barber of Jackson Secretary Abney of Walker Bell of Richmond Bennett Best Brooks
Campbell of Oconee
Campbell of Walker
Carr
Cates
Covington
Dally
Deen
Duncan
Durden
Fears
Gardner
Gary
Gillis
Gowen
Graham
Greer
Griffith
Groover
Hollis
Hopkins
Jones of Bartow
Jones of Lumpkin
Kidd
Langdale
Mackay
Mangum
Murphy
Murr
Musgrove
Neville
Nightingale
Overby
Owens
Page
Pittard
Ray
Rogers
Rowland
Scott
Smith of Bryan
Smith of Carroll
M Smith of Fulton
Stewart
Sumner
Tarbutton
Tumlin
Whitworth
Wiggins
Williams of Cobb
VETERANS AFFAIRS Bargeron Chairman Best
Lanier ViceChairman Brazeal
Scott Secretary Campbell of Oconee
Baughman Campbell of Walker
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
171
Clary
Ball
Bennett
Britton
Burgamy
Byrd
Dicus
Gardner
Graham
Huddleston
Johnson of Hall
Jordan
Lavender
Leach
Mackay
Pittard
Robertson of Coweta
Rollins
Scoggin
Short
H Smith of Fulton
Stewart
Tarpley
Tippens
Tumlin
Wheeler
Wiggins
WAYS AND MEANS
Chairman Covington
m ViceChairman Duncan
Secretary Gary
Adams of Brantley Gowen
Adams of Evans Green of Rabun
Barber of Colquitt Hall of Floyd
Bargeron Hall of Toombs
Barrett Harrell
Baughman Harris
Bell of Richmond Hawkins
Best Henderson
Boggus Jessup
Bolton Jones of Lumpkin
Boone Kennedy
Brannen Kidd
Brantley Leach
Brazeal Little
Byrd McGarity
Callier Matthews
Campbell of Oconee Mull
Campbell of Walker Pickard
Cates Raulerson
Coogle Rollins
Cornelius Smiley
172
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Smith of Emanuel
M Smith of Fulton
Stanton
Stewart
Tamplin
Tarbutton
Tillman
Turk
Twitty
Wheeler
Whitworth
WESTERN ATLANTIC RAILROAD Campbell of Walker Chairman Groover
White ViceChairman Murphy Secretary
Abney of Catoosa Abney of Walker Aycock
Barber of Jackson
Barger on
Barrett
Bennett
Bentley
Britton
Brooks
Callier
Campbell of Oconee
Carr
Cates
Coogle
Cornelius
Covington
Dews
Dorsey
Duncan
Durden
Gillis
Graham
Green of Rabun
Hilton
Holley
Hollis
Jones of Bartow
Jones of Lumpkin
Kidd
Lam
Lanier
McGarity
Matthews
Mims
Musgrove
Pickett
Ray
Robertson of Dawson
Rollins
Scott
Smith of Carroll
Stewart
Tamplin
Tarpley
Tillman
Tumlin
Warren
Wilkinson
RULES OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

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THE SPEAKER
Rule 1 The Speaker shall in his discretion suspend irrelevant debate and command silence whenever he may deem it needful
Rule 2 In all cases of election by the House the Speaker shall vote In other cases he shall not vote unless the House be equally divided or unless his vote if given to the minority will make the division equal and in case of such equal division the question shall be lost But in all cases where a fixed constitutional vote is required to pass the bill or measure under consideration and said bill or measure shall lack only one vote to pass the same the Speaker shall vote and his vote so cast shall be counted the same as that of any other member
Rule 3 When two or more members shall rise at the same time the Speaker shall name the person entitled to proceed
Rules 4 All committees shall be appointed by the Speaker unless otherwise ordered by the House
Rule 5 The method of stating a question or any motion by the Speaker after the same has been read to the House by the Clerk shall be as follows All in favor of the motion will say Aye Those opposed will say No And when a decision may seem doubtful to the Speaker or a division of the House is called for by any one member of the House the Speaker shall call upon the members in favor of the motion to rise and after a count is had by the clerk he shall call upon the members to reverse their positions and the Speaker shall announce the result
Discretion of Speaker
When Speaker shall vote
Right of member to the floor to be decided by the Speaker
Appointment of Committees
Methods of stating a question by Speaker
176 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Speaker may name members to preside Rule 6 The Speaker may during a days sitting name any member to perform the duties of the Chair during any part of that sitting but no longer
Duty of Clerk when Speaker is absent Rule 7 Whenever from any cause the Speaker shall be absent the Speaker pro tempore shall preside and if both shall be absent the Clerk of the House shall call the House to Order and shall preside until a Speaker pro tempore shall be elected which said election shall be the first business of the House The Speaker pro tempore thus elected shall preside until the return of one of the first named officers when his functions shall cease
Appeals from ruling of the Speaker Rule 8 Should any member of the House be dissatisfied with the ruling of the Speaker on any point he shall rise and respectfully address the Speaker and say I appeal from the decision of the Chair The Speaker will then state to the House the point ruled on and his decision on it and shall then put the question of appeal to the House as follows All in favor of the decision of the Chair standing as the sense of this House will say Aye Those opposed will say No and the decision of the House in sustaining or overruling the Speaker shall be final
When no debate on appeals Rule 9 On all appeals on questions of order of a personal character there shall be no debate
Appeals to be made at once Rule 10 All appeals from the decision of the Chair shall be made immediately and no appeal shall be in order after other business has intervened from the time of the alleged error of the Chair and before said appeal is sought to be made
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Rule 11 Where debate is permissible on appeals from the decision of the Chair any member after being recognized by the Speaker may address his remarks directly to the House
Rule 12 The Speaker shall have power to suspend the Messenger and Doorkeepers for misconduct or neglect of duty and when such suspension has been made he shall report the same to the House within twentyfour hours thereafter for such action as the House may see fit to take in the premises
Rule 13 The Speaker shall have power to cause the galleries and lobbies of the House cleared by the Messenger and Doorkeepers in case of disturbance or disorderly conduct therein and to cause any person or persons so offending to be arrested and brought before the bar of the House to be dealt with for contempt of the House
Rule 14 When less than a quorum vote on any subject under consideration by the House the Speaker may order the bar of the House to be closed and the roll of members called by the Clerk and if it is ascertained that a quorum is present either by answering to their names or by their presence in the House and if any member present then refuses to vote unless excused such refusal shall be deemed a contempt of the House
Rule 15 The Speaker may at any time order the roll called on any question and take the vote by yeas and nays where a division of the House discloses the fact that a quorum of the House has not voted
When members may address the House
Power of Speaker to suspend subordinate officers
When Speaker may order galleries and lobbies cleared
No quorum voting duty of Speaker
When Speaker may order vote taken by yeas and nays
178
Decisions on questions of priority
Conduct of members in debate
Tim
extendi
how
Expulsion
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Rule 16 All questions as to the priority of business to be acted on shall be decided by the Speaker without debate
ON DECORUM AND DEBATE
Rule 17 When any member is about to speak in debate or deliver any matter to the House he shall rise and respectfully address himself to Mr Speaker He shall be confined to matter in debate shall not speak more than twice on any subject or more than once until every member choosing to speak shall have spoken
No member of the House shall occupy the floor longer than one 1 hour in debating any question unless otherwise ordered by the House and any motion to limit or extend the time of individual speeches shall be decided without debate No such motion shall prevail unless it shall receive the affirmative votes of twothirds of those voting Such motion may be made at any time that the movant thereof may legitimately obtain the floor
If any member in speaking or otherwise transgress the rules of the House the Speaker shall call him to order in which case the member so called to order shall immediately sit down unless permitted to explain The House shall if appealed to decide and if the decision of the House be not submitted to the delinquent for the first offense shall be reproved for the second fined in a sum not exceeding ten dollars and continuing refractory may be expelled from the House by a twothirds vote of the members which said vote shall be taken by yeas and nays and recorded on the Journal of the House
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Rule 18 If any member be called to order for words spoken the words excepted to shall be taken down in writing by the Clerk and read then admitted denied or explained by the member who spoke and thereupon the question of order shall be decided and such other proceedings had as the House may deem proper in regard thereto Provided that if at any time the House is acting under the previous question such question of order and other proceedings referred to shall not be taken up for decision until after the previous question and the main questions have been exhausted or until such further time as may then be ordered by the House But no member shall be held to answer or be subject to the censure of the House for words spoken in debate if any other member has spoken or other business has intervened after the words were spoken and before the exception to them was taken
Rule 19 The members of the House shall forbear from private conversation and preserve silence until a speaking member shall have taken his seat
Rule 20 The members shall avoid naming each other when they may have occasion to take notice of their observations but may designate them by the place in which they may be or the county they represent
Rule 21 No member shall address the House except as heretofore stated in case of appeals or interrogate a member who is speaking except through the Speaker and should the member speaking decline to be interrupted the Speaker shall cause the member desiring to interrogate to be silent
Exception to words spoken Proviso
Sence
Mode of
designating
members
House hew addressed Questions and interruptions
180
Shall not vote when interested in result
Protests
Smoking and conversation prohibited
Duty while member is speaking and at adjournment
Matters transpiring in Senate Committees and private conversation not to be referred to
Laudatory and disparaging remarks when forbidden
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Rule 22 No member shall vote upon any question in the result of which he is immediately and particularly interested In every case where the seat of a member is being contested the sitting member and the contestant shall both retire from the House before the vote is taken
Rule 23 Any member may enter a protest in writing against the action of the House said protest shall clearly and succinctly set forth the grounds of such protest and shall not be argumentative nor arraign nor impugn the motive of the House nor any member thereof and such protest shall be entered by the Clerk upon the Journal of the House
Rule 24 No member shall converse with any one over the bar of the House
Rule 25 No member shall be permitted to enter upon the floor of the House or remain thereon in an intoxicated condition and the Messenger and the Doorkeepers of the House are specially charged with the rigid enforcement of this rule
Rule 26 No member shall pass between the Chair and a member while he is speaking nor shall any member at the time of adjournment leave his seat until the Speaker retires
Rule 27 No member shall in debate refer to any private conversation had with another member or to any matters which have transpired in any committee or in the Senate
Rule 28 In nominating candidates for any office no laudatory remarks shall be allowed nor shall any other candidate be disparaged
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Rule 29 Applause or hisses in the Representative chamber or in the galleries or lobby during any speech or legislative proceedings shall be promptly suppressed
Rule 30 During the calling or reading of yeas and nays on any question no debate shall be had
Rule 31 No member can make more than one motion at a time and while the motion is being put to the House he must resume his seat and he is not further entitled to the floor unless again recognized by the Speaker
Rule 32 On all questions except such as are not debatable any member on the call of the ayes and nays shall as a matter of right be allowed three minutes in which to explain his vote Where the vote on any question is not taken by ayes and nays no member shall be allowed to explain except by unanimous consent of the House No motion shall be entertained to vary this rule nor to extend a members time for explaining
Rule 33 When the reading of any paper is called for and the same is objected to by any member it shall be determined by a vote of the House and this motion shall be decided without debate
Rule 34 Every member within the hall when a question is put shall vote unless he is immediately and particularly interested therein or the House shall excuse him A motion to excuse a member from voting must be made before the House divides or before the call of the yeas and nays is commenced and it shall be decided with
Applause and hisses forbidden
No debate during yeas and nays
Only one motion can be made at a time
Explanation
Beading of papers
When members shall vote
Motion to excuse when made Excuses from voting
182 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL out debate except that the member making the motion may briefly state the reason why in his opinion it ought to prevail Rule 35 No member shall be allowed to address himself to any question and then make any motion the effect of which is to cut off debate without relinquishing the floor
Call fer a division DIVISION OF A QUESTION Rule 36 Any member may call for a division of the question on a subject in which the sense thereof will admit of it
Division how made Rule 37 The member calling for a division must state into how many and definitely what parts he would have the question divided Each part of the divided proposition must be so distinct that if taken away the remainder can stand by itself and be consistent and entire
Qualifying paragraph exception and provision Rule 38 A qualifying paragraph an exception or a proviso if taken from that to which it belongs would not contain a distinct or entire proposition
Strike out and insert not divisible Rule 39 A motion to strike out and insert is an indivisible proposition
Bills and resolutions called in order Proviso Rule 40 All bills and resolutions shall be called in the numerical order in which they stand on the calendar and before reading any bill or resolution the second or third time the Clerk shall distinctly state its number and the name of the member by whom introduced provided that House and Senate bills and resolutions adversely reported shall not be taken up for a second read
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ing except by request of the authors of such bill or resolution or some member of the House provided that the General Tax Bill and the General Appropriation Bill shall take precedence on third reading over all other matters even Special Orders until the said Bills shall have been finally disposed of In order that the proper numerical order may be accurately and fairly determined as between bills and resolutions it shall be the duty of the Clerk to place on each bill and resolution as same is read the first time a number following the numercial order in which said bills and resolutions are read the first time adopting one series of numbers and the same series of numbers for both bills and resolutions and not a separate series of number as heretofore practiced
Rule 41 Every motion to suspend the rules for the purpose of taking up bills or resolutions out of their regular order and every motion to make special orders shall be submitted in writing and reported upon by the Committee on Rules before being submitted to the House
Rule 42 The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent for the introduction of new matter nor to read any bill or resolution the second time or any local bill or resolution a third time or to put any local bill or resolution upon its passage or to recommit a bill or resolution or to withdraw from one committee and recommit to another a bill or resolution except during the first thirty minutes after the confirmation of the Journal or after the reading of the Journal has been dispensed with The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to put any general bill or resolution upon its passage or to
Effect of
unanimous
consent
184
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Suspension of rules
read such bill or resolution second time and recommit The Speaker shall entertain but one unanimous consent at any time
The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to make a special order or to change the order of business except that by unanimous consent an order of business may be fixed for the period of Unanimous Consents
The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to cast his vote on any motion resolution amendment bill or other question nor shall any member be permitted to cast his vote on any motion resolution amendment bill or other question until the question is put to the House by the Speaker on viva voce vote or division of the House or until after the roll call has begun
The Speaker shall entertain but one unanimous consent at any one time
Rule 43 The Rules of this House known as Constitutional rules shall in no case be suspended all other rules shall in no case be suspended nor changed nor the order of business be changed except by a vote of twothirds of the members voting Provided however that in order to so change or suspend the rules or change the order of business said twothirds so voting in favor of said change or suspension shall constitute a majority of the members of the whole House
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Rule 44 No suspension or changes or addition to these rules shall be made unless such proposed change or addition or suspension of these rules be first referred to the Committee on Rules and reported back to the House Provided however that immediately after the confirmation of the Journal on the day following the introduction in the House of the proposed change or addition to these rules the Committee on Rules shall report the same back to the House A failure to so report such proposed change or addition to these rules for two days shall automatically bring said proposed change or addition before the House for consideration
Rule 45 Any motion to suspend rules or change the rules or change the order of business shall be decided without debate Provided however that whenever a report from the Committee on Rules is submitted to the House the questions arising on said report shall be debatable until the report of the Committee is agreed to or disagreed to or the main question is ordered There shall be no debate however on the report of the Committee on Rules during the last twentyone days of the session
Rule 46 No bill and no resolution requiring the concurring vote of the Senate for passage shall be introduced unless the same shall have been filed in the office of the Clerk before 1000 A M of the previous day except that a bill or such resolution may be introduced on the second day of any regular adjourned or special session if it shall have been filed in the office of the Clerk before 1200 noon of the first day of such session
No debate
Bills etc when introduced
186
No debae on first reading
Effect of favorable report of committee
Bills when withdrawn
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Rule 47 No debate shall be admitted upon any Bill at the first reading Upon the introduction of any Bill or Resolution or other matter requiring reference to a Committee the Speaker shall as a matter of course and without debate commit the same to the proper committee unless otherwise ordered by the House
No bill or resolution shall be engrossed except upon the affirmative vote of twothirds of the members present No member shall be recognized at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to engross a bill or resolution When a motion to engross is made which motion may be made upon reading the bill the first time and at no other time no debate shall be permitted except that the movant may speak to his motion not longer than five minutes and any one other member of the House may speak in opposition thereto for five minutes In case of engrossment of any bill or other matter the entry thereof shall be made by the Clerk and the Bill or other matter shall not be amendable thereafter unless subsequently committed In cases where the report of a committee is favorable to the passage of a bill the same shall be read a second time and passed to a third reading without question Where the report of a committee is adverse to the passage of a bill on the second reading thereof the question shall be on agreeing to the report of the committee If the report of the committee is agreed to the bill shall be lost If the report of the committee is disagreed to the bill shall be passed to a third reading unless recommitted Any bill may be withdrawn at any stage thereof by consent of the House
When motion is made to refer a bill or resolution to a committee other than the one to which it is referred by the Speaker even though instructions be added no debate shall be permit
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ted except that movant may speak to his motion not longer than five minutes and any one other member of the House may speak in opposition thereto for five minutes No debate shall be permitted unless instructions are added
All resolutions providing for appointment of commttees of inquiry or investigation and any and all other resolutions not privileged except motions for information from the Executive Department and any other Department of the State Government shall be referred by the Speaker to the appropriate committee unless by order of the House referred to some other committee
Rule 48 No bill or resolution shall be transmitted to the Senate on the day of the passage thereof unless twothirds of the members present shall so order
Rule 49 The Clerk shall as soon as possible after any bill or resolution of General application is filed in his office cause the same to be printed and a copy thereof distributed to each member forthwith Whenever any such bill or resolution of general application shall be reported back by the committee to which it was referred with the recommendation that it do pass as amended the Clerk shall cause the amendments recommended to be printed and copies thereof to be distributed to each member The House may at any time by a vote of a majority of a quorum suspend action upon any pending bill or resolution of general application until the substitutes and amendments offered thereto have been printed
Rule 50 All proceedings touching the appropriating of money shall be considered in the Committee of the Whole House
Adverse
report of
committee
Transmission
to Senate
majority
vote
Bills when printed
Committee of the Whole Hon st TeeRule 106 et al
188
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Bills and Resolutions to be in writing How indorsed
Reports of committees order of action
Rule 51 All bills and resolutions shall be in writing and shall have the name of the member introducing the same as well as the county he represents indorsed on the back of the same and in the case of bills the caption of the bill shall also be indorsed on the same
Rule 52 Where a bill or resolution has been referred and reported by more than one committee or has been reported on and recommitted to the same committee the last committee report shall be acted on by the House and in all cases the report of the Commttee of he Whole House shall be first acted on by the House
Rule 53 The Committee on Rules during the last twentyone days of each session shall arrange a calendar for each days business and such calendar shall be a standing and continuing Special Order during said period and no matter shall be taken up or acted on otherwise than in the order fixed by such calendar except by a vote of a majority of all of the members elected to the House During the period of operation under ths rule the calendar or order of business fixed by committee on rules shall be read by the clerk immediately after Confirmation of the Journal of each morning session and immediately after Call of the Roll of each afternoon session and any motion to amend such report either by striking inserting or changing the order shall be made within the first thirty minutes after the reading of such report After the reading of such report and announcement by the Speaker that it is in order for such motions to be made and no such motions being made the House shall proceed to business under the calendar so fixed after which no such motion shall be made during that session No such motion to amend the report of the Committee on Rules shall be debatable during the period of operation under tfrs Rule
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PRECEDENCE OF MOTIONS
Rule 54 When any subject is before the House for consideration or under debate no motion shall be received except the following towit
1st Motion to adjourn
2nd A motion to lay on table
3rd A motion for the previous question
4th A motion to adjourn to a time definite
5th A motion to postpone indefinitely
6th A motion to postpone to a day certain
7th A motion to commit
8th A motion to amend
9th A motion to print
Which said motions shall have precedence in the order in which they stand as above arranged
MOTION TO ADJOURN
Rule 55 A motion to adjourn is in no instance debatable nor shall said motion be made a second time until further progress has been made in the business before the House A motion to adjourn in its simple form shall not be amended
Rule 56 A motion to adjourn to a particular day or for a particular time if made when the House is not actually engaged in other business is debatable
Rule 57 The motion to adjourn can be made at any time when the member moving it can legitimately obtain the floor
Order of precedence
Not debatable when may be renewed When made
When made debatable
190 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
When not in erder Rule 58 A motion to adjourn may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the House has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to adjourn is in order nor shall any moton to adjourn be in order after the Clerk has called the first name of the yeas and nays and a vote of one member has been given or after a division of the House has been had on a vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced but in such cases the rollcall shall be completed the vote counted and the result finally announced before a motion to adjourn shall be in order
Effect of adjournment Rule 59 When a motion to adjourn in its simple form prevails it adjourns the House to the next sitting day or time in course
Hour of adjournment What business postponed Rule 60 Whenever the hour of adjournment as fixed by a prior resolution shall arrive while the vote of the House is being taken by yeas and nays the session shall continue until the final vote is taken and announced and if said fixed hour of adjournment shall arrive while the House is acting on the main question after the main question has been ordered and before the vote on the main question is being taken either by a division or by the yeas and nays as aforesaid the House shall stand adjourned by virtue of said prior resolution
Amendment or substitute cannot be laid on table MOTIONS TO LAY ON TABLE Rule 61 No motion to lay an amendment or substitute on the table shall be in order
How Matters may be taken from able Rule 62 A majority of a quorum voting may take from the table at any t me when the House
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191
is not engaged on any other measure any bill resolution or other paper which has been ordered to lie on the table and when so taken up the same is thereby restored to its appropriate place on the calendar
Rule 63 If the motion to lay on the table prevails it removes from the consideration of the House the measure together with all the motions attached to it at the time it is so disposed of
Rule 64 When the proposition is again taken from the table it stands before the House in the exact form with all the motions pertaining to it just as it did at the time the motion to lay on the table prevailed
Rule 65 After a yea and nay vote is called on any bill or resolutionthe House not acting at the time under the previous questionand one vote has been recorded no motion to table shall be in order until the rollcall shall have been completed When any bill or resolution is tabled after the completion of the rollcall and then taken from the table nothing can be done except to announce the result of said vote as shown by said rollcall at the time said bill or resolution was tabled
Rule 66 A motion to lay on the table or to take from the table can be renewed from time to time when new business has intervened between the votes
Rule 67 Neither the motion to lay on the table nor the motion to take from the table is debatable or amendable
Effect of vote to table
Effect of vote to take from table
No motion to table in order until rollcall is completed
When
renewed
Not deb liable or amendable
192 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
What can be tabled Rule 68 Nothing can be legitimately laid on the table excepting what can be taken up again
When in order Rule 69 A motion to lay on the table may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the House has voted on the main question shall be now put no motion to lay on the table is in order
Effect of previous question THE MOTION FOR THE PREVIOUS QUESTION Rule 70 The motion for the previous question shall be decided without debate and shall take precedence of all other motions except amotion to adjourn or to lay on the table but neither of said motions shall be made but once until after the previous question has been exhausted and when it is moved the question shall be Shall the motion for the previous question be sustained If this be decided by a majority of a quorum in the affirmative and the next question towit Shall the main question be now put is decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum all other motions except one to reconsider the acton in ordering the main question will be out of order and the House cannot adjourn until the previous question is exhausted or the regular hour of adjournment arrives But no motion to reconsider the action of the House in ordering the main question shall be in order after the Clerk has called the first name on call of the ayes and nays and the vote of any member has been given or after a division of the House has been had on the vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced in such cases the roll call shall be completed the vote counted and the result finally announced
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Rule 71 When the previous question has been ordered the House shall then proceed to act on the main question without debate except that before the main question is put twenty minutes shall be allowed to the committee whose report of the bill or other measure is under consideration to close the debate Where the report of the committee is adverse to the passage of the bill or other measure the introducer of the b 11 shall be allowed twenty minutes before time allowed to the committee for closing the debate The Chairman of the committee or the introducer of the bill or other measure may yield the floor to such members as he may indicate for the time or any part of it allowed under this rule This rule shall not be construed to allow the twenty minutes above referred to to be used but once on any bill or measure and then on the final passage of the bll or measure
Rule 72 After the main question is ordered any member may call for a division of the House in taking the vote or may call for the yeas and nays if the call for the yeas and nays is sustained by onefifth of the members voting the vote shall be taken by the yeas and nays and so entered on the Journal
Rule 73 The effect of the order that the main question be now put is to bring the House to a vote on pending questions in the order in which they stood before it was moved
Rule 74 In all cases where a minority report has been submitted on any question if the previous question is ordered there shall be twenty ininutes allowed to the member whose name is first signed to said minority report or to such member or members as he may ind cate for the
Twenty
minute
debate
allowed
Vote how taken
Effect of main question being ordered
Contested
Election
194 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL time so allowed or any part of it before the twenty minutes allowed to the Chairman submitting the majority report
How Called and Ordered Rule 75 The previous question may be called and ordered upon a single motion or an amendment or it may be made to embrace all authorized motions or amendments and include the entire bill to its passage or rejection
Call of the House when in order Rule 76 A call of the House shall not be in order after the previous question is ordered unless it shall appear upon an actual count by the Speaker that a quorum is not present
Question of order Rule 77 All incidental questions of order arising after a motion is made for the previous question and pending such motion shall be decided whether on appeal or otherwise without debate
JEffect MOTIONS TO INDEFINITELY POSTPONE Rule 78 When a bill resolution or other measure is under consideration on the final reading thereof motion to indefinitely postpone if decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum thereby disposes of said bill resolution or other measure for the session
Not amendable Rule 79 The motion to indefinitely postpone lays open the whole question for debate but it cannot be amended
When cannot be applied Rule 80 While the motion to indefinitely postpone takes precedence over a motion to postpone to a day certain or to commit or amend yet
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195
this motion cannot be applied to said motions nor can it be applied to incidental questions such as questions of order reading of papers withdrawal of a motion and suspension of a rule
Rule 81 No motion to indefinitely postpone shall be renewed on any bill resolution or other measure after the same has been voted down
MOTION TO POSTPONE TO A DAY CERTAIN
Rule 82 The motion to postpone a bill resolution or other measure to a day certain when decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum removes the subject from before the House until the time designated and makes it a privileged question for that day so selected
Rule 83 If the motion to postpone a bill a resolution or other measure is decided in the negative it leaves the question before the House as it was before the motion was made and it cannot be moved a second time on same day or at the same stage of the proceeding
Rule 84 This motion to postpone to a day certain may be amended by substituting one day for another In ths case the time would be treated as a blank and the Speaker should treat these propositions as he would those to fill blanks
Rule 85 If a day designated is known to be beyond the session the Speaker shall treat the motion as though it had been a motion to indefinitely postpone the subject
Rule 86 On a motion to postpone to a day certain it is not in order to debate the merits of
Not renewed
Effect of
negative
vote
May be amended
To a day beyond the session
Debate when and how allowed
196 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL the question proposed to be postponed Debate may be allowed but it shall be confined strictly to the proposition to postpone and to show why one day is preferred to another It shall be the duty of the Speaker to hold members rigidly to these points
Motion how applied Rule 87 This motion cannot be applied to subordinate or incidental questions but must be applied to the whole bill resolution or other measure before the House and when it prevails it carries forward the whole proposition and its appendages to the day named
Motion to commit MOTIONS TO COMMIT Rule 88 Motions to commit may be made to refer a bill resolution or other measure to a standing or special committee or committee of the whole House
Precedence cf Rule 89 A motion to commit to a standing committee takes precedence over a motion to commit to a special committee and shall be first voted on but where a motion is made that a bill resolution or other measure be committed to the committee of the whole House this motion shall be put before either of the above named motions
When debataale Rule 90 On a motion simply to commit no debate shall be allowed but where instructions are added the merits of the question can be debated
How amended Rule 91 A motion to commit may be amended by adding instructions or by substituting another committee for the one named by the member making the motion
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Rule 92 Any proposition that has been referred to any committee either standing or special may on motion be recommitted to the same or any other committee by a majority of a quorum
MOTIONS TO AMEND
Rule 93 There are three ways in which a proposition may be amended towit
1st By inserting or add ng words
2nd By striking out words
3rd By striking out and inserting words
An amendment is itself subject to be amended m all three of the ways above mentioned but it is not admissible to amend an amendment to an amendment
Rule 94 A substitute is simply an amendment it is in effect a motion to strike out all after the enacting clause of a bill or the word
Resolved in a resolution and insert that offered as a substitute
Rule 95 When a bill or resolution is before the House for consideration and amendments are pending thereto and a substitute shall be offered for said bill or resolution and an amendment shall be offered to said substitute it shall be m order for the House to first perfect the original bill or resolution and then perfect the substitute The question shall then be on agreeing to Hie substitute as amended if it be amended ai decided in the affirmative thequestion shall be Shall this bill pass or resolution be adopted as the case may be by substitute
Rule 96 An amendment cannot be offered after the report of the committee to which was
Motion to recommit
Amendments how made
Substitute
Bill first perfected then the substitute
When too late to amend
198 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Must be in writing referred the bill or resolution under consideration has been agreed to by the House unless said action of the House in so agreeing to said report of said committee shall first be reconsidered Rule 97 All motions to amend any matter before the House must be in writing and must plainly and distinctly set forth the amendment desired and the part of the bill or resolution where said amendment shall be inserted or added
Priority Rule 98 On all questions whether in committee or in the House the last amendment the most distant day and the largest sum shall be first put
Blanks Rule 99 Where blanks occur in any proposition they must be filled first before any motion is made to amend
Caption when amended Rule 100 The caption or preamble of a bill or resolution shall not be considered or amended until the measure has been perfected
Amending by sections Rule 101 When a proposition consisting of several sections or resolutions is on a final reading and the House shall agree to a motion to consider the same by sections or paragraphs the Clerk in reading the same shall pause at the end of each section or resolution and the amendments thereto shall be offered as the several sections or resolutions are read but the amendments offered by the committee to whom said bill or resolution was referrd shall be read by the Clerk without any motion being made in the House and when a section or resolution shall have been considered it is not in order to recur and amend it
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Rule 102 No motion on a subject different from that under consideration shall be admitted under color of amendment
Rule 103 When a motion is made to amend by striking out and inserting the Clerk shall read the paragraph as it is then the words to be stricken out and finally the whole paragraph as it would be if amended
Rule 104 When a motion is made to amend by striking out a part of a bill or resolution any amendment offered to perfect the part proposed to be stricken shall be put first before the question is put for striking it out
Rule 105 When any bill or resolution which originated in the House has been amended in the Senate and is before the House for action on the Senate amendment an amendment may be offered in the House to the Senate amendment but the House amendment to the Senate amendment cannot be further amended it must be agreed to or voted down
Rule 106 A motion to amend an amendment made by the Senate to the House bill or resolution takes precedence over a motion to agree to disagree to said amendment
Rule 107 The questions which arise before the House respecting amendments by the Senate to a House bill or resolution are
1st A motion to agree to the Senate amendment
2nd A motion to disagree to the Senate amendment
Amendments by striking oat and inserting
Priority of amendment to perfect
Amending
Senate
Amendments
See Rule 126
Priority
Priority of questions on Senate amendments
200
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Majority necessary to adopt Senate Amendment or Conference Committee Report
3rd A motion to recede from its disagreement or amendment
4th A motion to insist on its disagreement or amendment
5th A motion to adhere to its disagreement or amendment
They take precedence in the above order
The Speaker is authorized on his own motion or upon point or order being made when in his opinion a Senate Amendment to a House Bill is not germane or if adopted would render the bill unconstitutional to rule out such amendment the effect of which ruling of the Speaker if not appealed from or if appealed from and the appeal not sustained shall be the same as a vote of the House to disagree and as such the Clerk shall report it to the Senate Such point of order shall take precedence over a motion to agree
Provided that when any question of disagreement with the Senate arises the following motions shall be in order at any tme the movant can legally obtain the floor and debate thereon limited as in the case of reconsideration 1st a motion to insist upon the House position 2nd a motion to recede from the House position which motions shall be put in order listed subject to disposition by the House of any amendments or substitutes affecting the matter in disagreement
Rule 107A In order to adopt a Senate Amendment to a House bill or resolution and in order to adopt a report of a conference committee the said amendment or conference committee report must receive a majority vote of the
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entire membership elected to the House of Representatives Any rule contravening the letter or spirit of this Rule is hereby repealed
RECONSIDERATION
Rule 108 When the Journal of the preceding day shall be read it shall be in the power of any member whether said member previously voted in the affirmative or negative on the matter sought to be reconsidered to move for a reconsideration of any matter therein contained except such matter as has been previously reconsidered provided such member shall notify the House of his intention to move such reconsideration at any time before the Journal is confirmed Provided further that the action of the House on Senate amendments shall be in order for reconsideration immediately and not otherwise
Rule 109 The notice of a motion to reconsider shall not be withdrawn after the time has elapsed within which it might originally have been made
Rule 110 No matter shall be reconsidered more than once
Rule 111 Motions for reconsideration shall be in order immediately after the order of unanimous consent on the day succeeding the action sought to be reconsidered except that any matter which could not be reconsidered on the succeeding day shall be in order for reconsideration on the day of said action
Rule 112 The action of the House upon an amendment may be reconsidered at any time be
Motion to reconsider
Shall not be
withdrawn
when
When there may he one reconsideration
When In order
Amendments
when
reconsidered
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202
fore final action upon the section bill or resolution to which it relates
Rule 113 All bills reconsidered shall take Place of their place at the foot of the calendar of bills
calendar then in order for a third reading
COMMITTEE ON THE WHOLE HOUSE
Rule 114 The Speaker may resolve the House byhIpeaker into a Committee of the Whole without a motion being made therefor whenever a bill or resolution shall be in order for consideration on its See Rule 43 third reading before the House which is required by the rules of this House to be considered in the Committee of the Whole
Rule 115 The House may resolve itself into When a Committee of the Whole House by a majority
tiideHd by f a quorum voting on motion of a member made
t e ouse for that purpose provided however that notice of intention to make such motion shall be given during the session of the preceding day individual speeches on such motion being limited to three minutes If such notice shall not have been given the motion shall prevail if it shall receive the affirmative votes of twothirds of those voting and which twothird shall also constitute a majority of all of the members elected to the House and provided further whenever the House either by its own vote or by unanimous consent shall commit any bill or resolution to Committee of the Whole House and subsequently a motion shall be made to resolve the House into Committee of the Whole to consider such bill or resolution and such motion shall be lost the said motion shall not be again renewed but it shall be the duty of the Speaker to require the
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Clerk to read the bill or resolution again on the following days sesson under the order of Introduction of New Matter or Reading of Bills the First Time and to refer such bill or resolution to the appropriate committee unless otherwise ordered by the House provided however that for the consideration of the General Tax Bill and General Appropriation Bill the House may resolve itself into a Committee of the Whole House by a majority of a quorum voting on motion of a member made for that purpose and no previous notice shall be necessary
Rule 116 In forming a Committee of the Whole House the Speaker shall leave the chair and a Chairman to preside in committee shall be appointed by the Speaker
Rule 117 In the Committee of the Whole bills shall be first read throughout by the Clerk and then again be read or debated by clauses or sections leaving the preamble to be last considered unless otherwise ordered
Rule 118 The Rules of the House shall be observed by the Committee of the Whole so far as they may be applicable except that it can not refer a matter to any other committee it can not adjourn the previous question can not be enforced a motion to lay on the table or indefinitely postpone shall not be in order a member may speak as often as he may obtain the floor no call of the House shall be in order nor shall any vote be taken by yeas and nays
Rule li9 If at any time in the Committee of the Whole it shall be desired to close the debate or to limit the time to be allowed members for speaking the committee may rise and report its
How formed
Proceedings
Rule in committee
Debate how closed
204 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL desire to the House and the House shall take such action thereon as it may see fit by a resolution agreed for that purpose said resolution shall apply only to the subjectmatter before said committee and when said resolution has been agreed to or refused by the House the action of the House shall be deemed the sense of the committee and the House may then on motion again resolve itself into Committee of the Whole and continue the consideration of the subject
Time of how extended Rule 120 In the event that a Committee of the Whole House at any sitting shall for want of time fail to complete any matter under consideration it may on motion at any time in the committee made rise report progress and have leave to sit again generally or at a day certain
Motion to rise etc Rule 121 A motion that the committee rise and report progress and ask leave to sit again can be made at any time when the mover thereof can legitimately obtain the floor and shall take precedence over all other motions and shall be decided without debate and when it prevails the committee shall immediately rise and when the regular hour for adjournment of the House arrives the committee shall automatically rise and the Speaker shall assume the Chair
Reconsid eration Rule 122 A motion to reconsider shall be in order in Committee of the Whole
Duty of Chairman when no quorum is present Rule 123 The Committee of the Whole shall not proceed with the business before it whenever a vote on any question shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the House is present Whenever it is suggested that a quorum is not present the Chairman of the committee shall satisfy himself of the fact by actual count of the com
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
205
mittee and report the same to the committee and the Chairman shall on his own motion order that the committee immediately rise and he shall report the fact of the absence of a quorum to the House
Rule 124 The Speaker may in Committee of the Whole take part in the proceedings and he as well as all other members shall vote on all questions before the committee unless excused therefrom and no pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed in the Committee of the Whole
Rule 125 Amendments proposed by the Committee of the Whole may be amended or rejected by the House and matters stricken out by the committee may be restored by the House
Rule 126 A Committee of the Whole House can not punish disorderly conduct of its members but must report the same to the House for action thereon
Rule 127 The Chairman of the Committee of the Whole shall have power to have the galleries or lobbies cleared in case of any disorderly conduct therein
Rule 128 When the Committee of the Whole has disposed of the bill resolutions or other measures before it by motion and question it shall rise and the Chairman will be instructed to report the action of the Committee to the House At this point the Speaker will resume his seat and the Chairman will return to the floor and will state in substance as follows Mr Speaker the Committee of the Whole House
All members shall vote unless excused
Amendments
Disorderly
conduct
reported
Chairman may order galleries cleared
Proceedings of when business before it is finished
206 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL have had under consideration naming what and have instructed me as their Chairman to report the same back to the House with the recommendation that the same do pass or do pass as amended or do riot pass as the case may be The Speaker will receive this report and repeat the same and the matter will then be before the House for action just as though reported by any other Committee
Record Rule 129 The proceedings of the Committee of the Whole shall not be recorded in the Journal of the House except so far as reported to the House by the Chairman of said committee
Papers may be called for Rule 130 When in the Committee of the Whole any papers in the possession of the House may be called for by any member and read by the Clerk for the information of the committee unless the committee shall otherwise order
Reports shall contain result of committees action Rule 131 Amendments offered to an amendment in the Committee of the Whole shall not be reported to the House but the report shall contain only the result of the committees action on the bill resolution or measure under consideration before it
Morning rollcall dispensed with by twothirds vote ABSENTEES Rule 132 The rollcall at the opening of each session of the House and also the reading of the Journal shall not be dispensed with except by a vote of twothirds of the members present The motion to dispense with the roll call and to dispense with the reading of the Journal shall be decided without debate
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Rule 133 Upon the call of all the members ordinary and extraordinary the names of the absentees shall be noted by the Clerk and shall
i0uinaL And shall be the duty of the Clerk to keep a separate list of the
day Proceedings which list shall be entered upon the Journal and shall show which of said absentees are absent without leave and of those absent with leave which are aosent for providential causes and which for business reasons which said separate list shall be read m the House with the Journal upon which the same is entered
COMPELLING ATTENDANCE
134 The Power to compel the attendof members in order to keep or secure a quorum shall be vested in the Spaker and to
d LfldwLmi hvc the doors oi the House 7 S1e dors are so closed no mem
ber shall be allowed to retire from the House without first obtaining leave from the House
The Messenger of the House shall be exofficio SergeantatArms of the House and on order of if Jr wker yawest any absentees and bring them before the House when necessary to secure a quorum as aforesaid
CALL OF THE HOUSE
i RuieiSS Whenever the result of a vote taken shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the
5XLit1S Pr when the Speaker shall
officially state the fact to the House it shall be
m order for any member to make a motion for a
Names of absentees noted
Power to
compel
attendance
Sergeant
atarms
208 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL call of the House and when this motion is made the Speaker shall state the question as follows Shall the motion for the call of the House prevail and if fifteen of the members present shall vote in the affirmative the Speaker shall order the Clerk to call the roll of members and the absentees shall be noted the doors shall then be closed after which the names of the absentees shall again be called over and those who do not appear and who are absent without leave may by order of the majority of the members present be sent for and arrested wherever they may be found by the officers to be appointed by the Messenger for that purpose and their attendance secured and the House shall determine upon what conditions they shall be discharged
What is a quorum Compelling attendance QUORUM Rule 136 A majority of each House shall constitute a quorum to transact business but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and compel the presence of its absent members as each House may provide Art 3 Sec 4 Par 4
Oath of members Rule 137 Each Senator and Representative before taking his seat shall take the following oath or affirmation towit I will support the Constitution of this State and of the United States and on all questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be most conducive to the interest aid prosperity of this State Art 3 Sec 4 Par 5
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209
Rule 138 No bill shall become a law unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the members elected to each House of the General Assembly and it shall in every instance appear on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 14
Rule 139 The yeas and nays on any question shall at the desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 6
Rule 140 No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in each House are recorded
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 12
Rule 141 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passage of an Act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 19
Rule 142 Every bill before it shall pass shall be read three times and on three separate days in each House unless in cases of actual invasion or insurrection The first and second reading of local bills shall be by titles only The third reading of local bills must be full and complete
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 7
Rule 143 All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House
Majority required to pass bill
Yeas and nays order by onefifth of members
Bill or resolutions appropriating money must pass by yeas and nays
Constitutional twothirds vote taken by yeas and nays
Revenue
bills
Reading of bills
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
210
of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 10
Rule 144 No law or ordinance shall pass Ona subject which refers to more than one subject matter or
matter etc contains matter different from what is expressed
in the title thereof
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 8
An amendment to laws and sections of Code
Rule 145 No law or section of the Code shall be amended or repealed by mere reference to its title or to the number of the section of the Code but the amending or repealing Act shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as well as the alteration to be made
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 16
General laws bow varied
Consent and
when
required
Rule 146 Laws of a general nature shall have uniform operation throughout the State and no special law shall be enacted in any case for which provisons have been made by an existing general law No general law affecting private rights shall be varied in any particular case by special legislation except with the consent in writing of all persons to be affected thereby and no person under legal disability to contract is capable of such consent
Art 1 Sec 4 Par 1
Corpora Rule 147 The General Assembly shall have
tions no power to grant corporate powers and privi
leges to private companies except banking insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies nor to make or change election precincts nor establish bridges or ferries
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
211
nor to change names of legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law the manner in which such power shall be exercised by the courts
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 17
Rule 148 The General Assembly shall have no power to relieve principals or securities upon forfeited recognizances from the payment thereof either before or after judgment thereon unless the principal in the recognizance shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the proper officer
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 18
Rule 149 The General Appropriation bill shall embrace nothing except appropriation fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the Executive Legislative and Judicial Departments of the Government paying of the public debt and interest thereon and for the support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appropriations shall be made by separate bills each embracing but one subject
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 9
Rule 150 Neither House shall adjourn for more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of disagreement between the two Houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 22
Rule 151 All elections by the General Assembly shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear
Powerdelegated to courts
Belief of recogrnizance
What the greneral appropriation bill shall contain Other appropriations by separate bills
Adjourn
ments
212
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Elections
Rejected bills again considered by a twothirds vote
Regular session limited to 70 days
on the Journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare result
Art 3 Sec 10 Par 1
Rule 152 No bTl or ordinance or resolution intended to have the effect of a law which shall have been rejected by either House shall be again proposed during the same session under the same or any other title without the consent of twothirds of the House by which the same was rejected
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 13
Rule 153 The General Assembly shall meet in regular session on the second Monday in January 1947 and biennially thereafter on the same day until the date shall be changed by law By concurrent resolution adopted by a majority of members elected to both Houses the General Assembly may adjourn any regular session to such later date as it may fix for reconvening in regular session but shall remain in regular session no longer than seventy 70 days in the aggregate during the term for which the members were elected If it shall adjourn the first regular session before the expiration of seventy 70 days without fixing a date for reconvening the General Assembly shall reconvene in regular session on the second Monday in January of the next year unless it shall have adjourned sine die All business pending in the Senate or House at the adjournment of any regular session may be considered at any later regular session of the same General Assembly as
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213
if there had been no adjournment Nothing herein shall be construed to affect the power of the Governor to convoke the General Assembly in extraordinary session or the duty of the Governor to convene the General Assembly in extraordinary session upon the certificate of threefifths of the members elected to the Senate and the House of Representatives as provided in Article V Secton I Paragraph XIII of the Constitution of this State If an impeachment trial is pending at the end of any regular or extraordinary session the Senate may continue in session until such trial is completed The provisions of Paragraph III Section IV of Article III of the Constitution which the present Constitution supersedes which apply to the meetings of the General Assembly shall continue in force until the second Monday in January 1947
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 3
Rule 154 Each House shall be the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its members and shall have the power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by censure fine or imprisonment or expulsion but no member shall be expelled except by a vote of twothirds of the House to which he belongs
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 1
Rule 155 No provision in the Constitution of this State for a twothirds vote of both houses of the General Assembly shall be construed to waive the necessity for the signature of the Governor as in any other case except in the case of the twothirds vote required to override the veto to submit constitutional amendments and in case of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 21
Elections
Disorderly
conduct
Expulsion by twothirds vote
Signature of Governor when required
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
214
Governors
veto
Effect of twothirds vote thereon
When
Governor
must
approve
Twothirds
vote
required
Twothirds vote required on amendments to Constitution
Rule 156 The Governor shall have the revision of all bills passed by the General Assembly before the same shall become laws but twothirds of each House may pass a bill notwithstanding his dissent and if any bill should not be returned by the Governor within five days Sunday excepted after it has been presented to him the same shall be a law unless the General Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return He may approve any appropriation and disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill and the latter shall not be effectual unless passed by twothirds of each House
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 15
Rule 157 Every note resolution or order to which the concurrence of both Houses may be necessary except on a question of election or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor and before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be passed by twothirds of each House
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 16
Rule 158 No county site shall be changed or removed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the county voting at an election held for that purpose and a twothirds vote of the General Assembly
Art 11 Sec 1 Par 9
Rule 159 Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed in the Senate or House of Representatives and if the same shall be agreed to by twothirds of the members elected to each of the two Houses such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
215
their Journals with the yeas and nays taken thereon and the General Assembly shall cause such amendment or amendments to be published in one or more newspapers in each Congressional District for two months previous to the time of holding the next general election and shall provide for submission of such proposed amendment or amendments to the people at the said next general election and if the people shall ratify such amendment or amendments by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment or amendments shall become a part of this Constitution When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately
Art 13 Sec 1 Par 1
Rule 160 No convention of the people shall be called by the General Assembly to revise amend or change the Constitution unless by the concurrence of twothirds of all the members of each House of the General Assembly The representation in said convention shall be based on the population as near as practicable
Art 13 Sec 1 Par 2
Rule 161 The Justices of the Supreme Court each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 8000 per annum the Judges of the Court of Appeals each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 8000 per annum the Judges of the Superior Courts each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 6000 per annum and the Solicitors General shall each have out of the treasury of the statea salary of 250 per annum with the right
Twothirds vote required to call a convention How called
Salaries of judges
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
216
Evidence of rotice of local and special bills must be submitted before passage of same
of the General Assembly to authorize any county to supplement the salary of a judge of the Superior Court and Solicitor General of the Judicial Circuit in which such county lies out of county funds provided however where such salary was at the time of the adoption of the Constitution of this State being supplemented out of county funds under existing laws such laws shall remain in force until altered by the General Assembly Provided further that the Board of County Commissioners of Richmond County or the Ordinary or such other board or persons as may from time to time have charge of the fiscal affairs of said county shall without further legislative action continue to supplement from said Countys treasury the salary of the Judge of Superior Court of the circuit of which the said County of Richmond is a part by the sum of Two Thousand Dollars 2000 per annum which shall be in addition to the amount received by said judge out of the State treasury and such payments are declared to be a part of the court expenses of said County and such payment shall be made to the judge in office at the time of the adoption of the Constitution of this State during his term or subsequent terms as well as to his successors with the authority in the General Assembly to increase such salary from the County treasury as above provided
Art 6 Sec 12 Par 1 and Art 3 Sec 7 Par 1
Rule 162 No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the newspaper in which the Sheriffs advertisements for the locality affected are published once a week for three weeks during a period of sixty days immediately preceding its introduction into the General Assembly No local or special bill shall
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
217
become law unless there is attached to and made a part of said bill a copy of said notice certified by the publisher or accompanied by an affidavit of the author to the effect that said notice has been published as provided by law No office to which a person has been elected shall be abolished nor the term of the office shortened or lengthened by local or special bill during the term for which such person of the jurisdiction affected in a referendum on the question Where any local law shall add any member or members to any municipal or county governing authority the members of which are elected by the people such local law must provide that the member or members so added must be elected by a majority vote of the qualified voters of the political subdivision affected
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 15
MISCELLANEOUS RULES
Rule 163 When a message shall be sent to the House of Representatives it shall be an Messages nounced at the door of the House by the Doorkeeper and be respectfully communicated to the chair by the person through whom it may be sent
Rule 164 Messages may be received at any time while the door is open except while a question is being put or a ballot or a viva voce is being taken A message shall be presented to tne House by the Speaker when received or afterwards according to its nature and the business m which the House is engaged or its consideration may on motion be ordered by the House
Messages when j eceived and considered
218 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Motions Rule 165 After a motion is stated by the Speaker or read by the Clerk it shall be deemed to be in the possession of the House but may be withdrawn at any time before the decision by the unanimous consent of the House
Petitions memorials etc Rule 166 Any member presenting a petition memorial or remonstrance shall as concisely as practicable intimate the name and object of the petitioner memorialist or remonstrant which shall be noted on the Journal and the paper may then be referred without reading
Committees Rule 167 The several standing committees of the House shall have leave to report by bill or otherwise The report of the Committee on Rules is in order at any time when the House is not actually engaged in other business
Clerk Rule 168 The Clerk of the House shall take an oath for the true and faithful discharge of the duties of his office to the best of his knowledge and abilities and shall be deemed to continue in office until another be elected
Clerk Rule 169 The Clerk shall take special care of the books provided for the use of the House
Duties of Committee on Enrollment Rule 170 The Committee on Enrollment shall Carefully compare enrolled bills and resolutions and correcting any errors that may be discovered in the enrolled bills or other papers make their report forthwith to their respective Houses
Motions not privileged Rule 171 Verification of a roll call vote can be dispensed with only by unanimous consent the Speaker shall not entertain a motion to that effect
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
219
Rule 172 Whenever on any question the yeas and nays shall have been ordered the Clerk shall also enter on the Journal the names of those members not voting
Rule 173 When a motion is made by any member it shall not be necessary that the same shall be seconded before being put to the House
Rule 174 After the announcement of the standing committee no other members shall be placed thereon except when members have been elected to fill vacancies caused by death or otherwise the Speaker may assign said members to such committees as he may see fit and he may fill any vacancy in chairmanships
Rule 175 No person shall be allowed to enter upon the floor of the House except the members and officers thereof their wives and children the members and officers of the Senate and such others as may be granted permission as hereinafter stated
a The House may upon the recommendation of the Committee on Privileges of the Floor grant permission for a specific individual or individuals to enter upon the Floor on a single named day The recommendation of such Committee shall specify the exact purpose for which such individual or individuals are to be admitted and the expected benefit to be derived thereby
b On the first two days of any regular special or adjourned session the Speaker may extend the privileges of the floor and use of the press table to representatives of the press radio and other newsgathering andor disseminating agencies Thereafter he shall refer all applica
Not necessary to second motion
Committees how and when engaged
Privileges on the floor
220 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Privileges of the floor tions for admission of such persons to the Committee on Privileges of the Floor which Committee shall as promptly as possible investigate the credentials of such persons and recommend to the House for admission to the floor only such persons as it finds to be representatives of recognized newspapers and periodicals of general circulation radio and television stations newsreel photography companies or telegraphic press associations assigned to the duty of actually reporting Legislative proceedings The House may grant the privileges of the floor to such press representatives for the whole session or for a lesser time and automatically reserves the right to revoke such permission at any time c The Committee on Privileges of the Floor may submit its recommendations at any time when a question of privilege would be in order
Duty of Committee on Journals Rule 176 It shall be the duty of the Committee on Journals to read the Journal of each days proceedings and report to the House that the same is correct before the Journal is read by the Clerk
Members to receipt Clerk for books and papers Rule 177 No member shall take any books or papers from the possession of the House or Clerk without first acquainting the Clerk and giving him a receipt to return the same in a reasonable time or on his demand
Adjournment and meeting Rule 178 The House shall convene at 10 a m Sundays excepted unless otherwise ordered by the House The hour of adjournment to be fixed by a majority of said House on motion without debate
Motion for yeas and nays not debatable Rule 179 A motion for the call of the yeas and nays shall be decided without debate
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
221
Rule 180 All Acts and joint resolutions shall Signature be signed by the Speaker and Clerk and all writs of isKkfr warrants and subpoenas issued by order of the House shall be signed by the Speaker and attested by the Clerk
Rule 181 It shall be the duty of the Messen Duty of ger to attend to the wants of the House while in Messenger session to aid in the enforcement of order under the direction of the Speaker to execute the demands of the House from time to time together with all such processes issued under its authority as may be directed to him by the Speaker
Rule 182 The Messenger under the direction of the Clerk shall superintend the distribution by the Pages of all documents and papers to be distributed to the members he shall distribute to the members the usual and necessary stationery required by them
Messengers duty in distributing documents etc
Rule 183 No Committee of the Whole or other committee shall deface or interline a bill interlineation resolution or other paper referred to said com forbiddmittee but shall report any amendment recommended on a separate paper noting the section page or line to which said amendment relates
Rule 184 No pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed as an excuse for not voting Pairingr
Rule 185 Whenever any member moves that a Committee of Conference on disagreeing votes of the two Houses naming the number of members be appointed if said motion prevails the ieaer appoint a committee on the part of the House and in such case the committee shall
Committee on conference
222 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL consist of only such members as voted in the majority on the position assumed by the House and if by inadvertence any member be nominated on said committee who was not in said majority vote he shall notify the House and be excused by the Speaker
Authority of Conference Committees Rule 185A All conference committee reports shall be printed and distributed to the members prior to consideration of the same unless the printing of the same be dispensed with by a majority vote of all members elected to the House
Amend ments Rule 186 After commitment of a bill and report thereof to the House it may be amended before the report of the committee is agreed to by the House but the amendments if any reported by the committee shall be disposed of before any other amendment be considered unless it be an amendment to a committee amendment
Majority and minority reports Rule 187 All reports of a committee shall be in writing and the minority of a committee may make a report in writing setting forth succinctly the reasons for their dissent Each committee shall wherever practical include with their report on each general bill or resolution a brief resume of the bill and the reasons for the action taken by the Committee If the Committee shall so order the Clerk shall have such report printed and distributed to the members of the House
What motions lie on table
Rule 188 Every motion for information from the Executive Department or any other Depart
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
223
merit of the State Government shall lie on the table one day and on the following day such motion shall be deemed privileged and shall be in order for immediate consideration at the request of the author or any other members of the House
Rule 189 On the call of the yeas and nays the Clerk shall read the names of the members changing after they have been called and no member shall votes be permitted to change his vote unless he at that time declares that he voted under a mistake of the question
Rule 190 Questions of privilege shall be first those affecting the rights of the House collectively its safety dignity and the integrity of its proceedings second the rights reputation and conduct of members individually in their representative capacity only and shall have precedence over all other questions except a motion to adjourn Provided that when any matter is before the House no question of personal privilege shall be acted on until the pending question shall be disposed of
Questions of
privilege
Proviso
Rule 191 In all elections a majority of the members present shall be necessary to a choice
Rule 192 When any question arises which is not provided for in the foregoing Rules the same shall becontrolled by the rules usually governing parliamentary bodies
Rule 193 The Auditing Committee shall before auditing the account of any member for expenses of a committeeman or any account prescribed by a member for any expense incurred
224
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
in discharge of any duty as a member of this House require of such an itemized statement of such account supported by proper vouchers for each item of said account
ORDER OF BUSINESS
Rule 194 The following shall be the order of business
1 Scripture Reading and Prayer by Chaplain
2 Call of the Roll
3 Report of the Committee on the Journal
4 Reading of the Journal
5 Confirmation of the Journal
6 Unanimous Consents
7 Motions to Reconsider
8 Introduction of Bills and Resolutions
Each member is requested to introduce two copies of each bill or resolution one to be filed in the office of the Speaker by the Clerk and the other to be given to the press
9 First Reading and Reference of House Bills and Resolutions
10 Report of Standing Committees
11 Second Reading of Bills and Resolutions Favorably Reported
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
225
12 Third Reading and Passage of Uncontested Local Bills and Resolutions
13 First Reading and Reference of Senate Bills and Resolutions
14 Unfinished Business of Previous Session
15 Orders of the Day
16 Senate Amendments to House Bills and Resolutions and Reports of Conference Committees
17 House Bills and Resolutions for Third Reading
18 Unless otherwise Ordered by the House Senate Bills and Resolutions for Third Reading or on the Calendar for the Purpose of Disagreeing to an Adverse Committee Report shall be Called on Thursdays
19 The Reports of the Committee on Engrossing and the Committee on Enrolling May be Made at Any Time
20 General Bills and Resolutions Otherwise m Order for Reconsideration on Friday or Saturday Shall Stand over Until the Following Monday
Rule 195 No committee of the House shall consist of more than twentyfive members This rule however shall not apply to the following committees Amendments to the Constitution No 1 Amendments to Constitution No 2 Appropriations Commerce Counties and County Matters Education No 1 Education No 2 Georgia State Sanitarium General Agriculture No 1 General Agriculture No 2 General Judiciary No 1 General Judiciary No 2 Historical Research Legislative and Congressional Re
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
apportionment Motor Vehicles Municipal Government Penitentiary Public Highways No 1 Public Highways No 2 Public Utilities State Prison Farm University System of Georgia Ways and Means Western and Atlantic Railroad
COMMITTEES
Rule 196 The Speaker shall appoint the following committees
Academy for the Blind
Amendments to the Constitution No One Amendments to the Constitution No Two Appropriations
Auditing
Aviation
Banks and Banking
Commerce
Conservation
Corporations
Counties and County Matters
Drainage
Education No One
Education No Two
Engrossing
Enrollment
Excuse of Members Absent Without Leave Game and Fish
General Agriculture No One
General Agriculture No Two
General Judiciary No One
General Judiciary No Two
Georgia School for the Deaf
Georgia State Sanitarium
Halls and Rooms
Historical Research
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Hygiene and Sanitation
Industrial Relations
Insurance
Interstate Cooperation
Invalid Pensions and Soldiers Home Journals
Legislative and Congressional Reapportion ment
Manufacturers
Military Affairs
Mines and Mining
Motor Vehicles
Municipal Government
Penitentiary
Pensions
Privileges and Elections
Privileges of the Floor
Public Highways No One
Public Highways No Two
Public Library
Public Printing
Public Property
Public Utilities
Public Welfare
Railroads
Rules
Sanitarium at Alto
Special Appropriations
Special Judiciary
State of Republic
State Prison Farm
Temperance
Training Schools
Uniform State Laws
University System of Georgia
Veterans Affairs
Ways and Means
Western and Atlantic Railroad
The Chairman and Chairman pro tern of the Committee on Appropriations shall be exofficio
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
members of the Committee on Ways and Means and the Chairman and Chairman pro tern of the Committee on Ways and Means shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Appropriations
Rule 197 Whenever any bill or resolution has been referred to a committee and the same has been held in the custody or control of such committee for ten days without reporting on same the author of such bill or any member of the House shall have the right immediately after the confirmation of the Journal to give notice that on the next regular meeting of the House he will submit a motion instructing such committee to report such bill back to the House after which on the next regular meeting day of the House any member of the House immediately after the confirmation of the Journal may move to instruct such committee to report such bill or resoluton back to the House and if the motion prevails it shall be the duty of such committee to report such bill or resolution accordingly with or without recommendation as the case may be at the next regular session and upon failure of said Committee to report such bill accordingly the same Shall automatically be returned to the House for consideration Debate on said motion to instruct such committee to report such bill or resolution back to the House shall be limited to twenty minutes unless otherwise ordered by the House and when such bill or resolution is so reported or returned to the House it may be referred or committed as other bills or resolutions Provided that any motion or resolution to set a special order or to change the order of business for any particular day which has been referred to the Committee on Rules may be held in the custody and control of such committee only three days instead of ten days under
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
this rule It shall be the duty of the committee to which any measure providing for an appropriation is referred to report such bill or measure back to the House at least fifteen days prior to the last day of the session regardless of any such notice or motion by the author or any other member
Rule 198 In drawing for seats all members except those who have been permitted by the House to select seats without drawing shall retire to the rear of the Hall The names of all counties printed on separate slips of paper shall be deposited in a box and the box placed on the Clerks desk The names of the counties shall be drawn separately from the box and announced by the Clerk from his desk
When the name of a county is announced the member or members from that county shall come forward to the Clerks desk and secure a desk card with name and county printed thereon and then proceed to select his seat All desks shall be arranged in their proper position on the floor of the House and no desk shall be moved or changed
The Speaker shall have the right to reserve seats for the chairmen of the committees on Appropriations and Ways and Means and for the vicechairman of Committee on Rules before the drawing for seats
Rule 199 The Speaker is authorized to employ some person well skilled in legislative draughtsmanship as special clerk for the Committee on Engrossing and Enrolling It shall be the duty of such special clerk to examine every bill
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
or resolution that is ready for engrossing or enrollment and to suggest to the committee any corrections or additions to either the caption or the bill that are necessary to perfect the same The per diem of such special clerk shall be lixea by the Speaker
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
INDEX TO STANDING RULES OF Georgia House of Representatives
231
ABSENTEES
Rule No
Auditing Committee duty as to 133
Clerks duty as to133
Roll Call dispensed with when
ADJOURN MOTION TO
Committee of whole not in order in
Definite time debatable when
Effect when motion prevails
Motion not debatable
Motion not amendable
Motion when in order
Motion when not in order
Precedence of motion
Shall not be made second time until when
118
56 59
55178
55
57
58
54
55
ADJOURNMENT
Constitutional time limit
Courtesy to speaker at time of
Effect of
Effect when hour of arrives when House acting under
previous question
Effect when hour of arrives during vote by yeas and
nays
Hour of fixed by House
150
26
59
60
60
178
ADVERSE REPORT
Bills and resolutions adversely reported taken up when vvvwvvvv 40
232
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
n y Rule No
71
Debate on final passage rj
Effect of on
AMENDMENTS
Applicable to an amendment
Buis or resolutions amended by sections
Bill perfected before caption or preamble
Bills perfected before substitute
Blanks must be filledrtftTfgTTI
Clerks duty in amending by striking out and
inserting
Committee of whole action onr
Committee of whole what reported to Qusevy
Germane must be
Motion to amend how madey
Motion to commit gmendableyMv
Motion to postpone indefinitely not amendable
Motion to postpone to time definite amendable
Motion to table amendment not in order
Motion to table not amendable
Must be ih writing
Precedence of motion to amend
Priority of amendments
Priority of amendments to perfect part proposed to
be stricken
Priority of over motion to agree or disagree
Priority of questions on Senate Amendments to H B
Priority of on passage of bill
Senate amendments to H B House amendments in
order
Senate majority vote to adopt
Reconsidered when
Substitute is an amendment
When in order
When too late
93
101
100
95
99
103
125
131
102
93
91
79
84
61
67
97 54
98
104
106
107
186
105
107a
112
94
186
96186
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
233
AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION Rule No
Submission to peoplev 159
Convention called 160
APPEALS
From Speakers decisionJiv 8
Members may address House 11
No debate when of personal character 9
To be made at onceiii10
APPLAUSE
Speakers right to suppress 29
APPROPRIATIONS
General bill right of way 40
Governors power over 156
Considered in committee of whole 50
House must originate 143
ATTENDANCE
Call of House 135
Messengers duty 134
Power to compel134135
Speakers duty 134
AUDITING COMMITTEE
Absentees duty as to 133
Accounts of members duty as to 193
BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Amendments and substitutes bill first perfected 95
Amendments by sections 101
Amendments to Code sections 145
234
LEGISLATIVE MANATJL
Rule No
Amendments to passed on before those to caption or
preamble
Appropriations House must originate
Clerk to state number and author when reading
Clerk to call in order on calendar
Committee of whole how read
Committee reports favorable effect of
Committee reports unfavorable effects of
Committee reports order of precedence
Corporations laws relating to
Engrossment effect ofwwwt
General appropriations what to embrace
General laws how changed
Governors approval necessary
Governors failure to return
Governors veto
Immediate transmission when
Introduction when i
Printed when
Reconsideration effect of v
Rejected when again considered
Relief of principals and sureties
Requirements for
Speakers duty to commit
Special laws prohibited when
Subjectmatter only one and expressed in title
Unanimous consent for reading
Withdrawal of when
Majority necessary to pass
Debate none at first reading
Constitutional requirements as to reading
Reading of unanimous consent
Reading first no debate
Reading constitutional requirement
100
143 40 40
117
47
47
52
147
47 149 146 157 156 156
48
46
49 113 152
148 51
47 146
144 42 47
138
47
142
42
47
142
CALL OF HOUSE
Committee of whole not in order 118
Contempt refusal to vote on 14
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
235
Rule No
When in order 14135
When not in order 76
CAPTION
Not considered until bill perfected 100
CHANGE OF VOTES
How done and when 189
CLERK
Absence of speaker and speaker pro tem duty of 7
Absentees duty of 133
Amendments striking out and inserting duty of 103
Bills and resolutions how read committee of whole 117 Bills and resolutions called in order from calendar 40
Bills and resolutions name and authors stated 40
Books duty to care for169177
Journal names not voting duty to enter 172
Oath of prescribed 168
CODE SECTIONS
Amendments to Constitutional requirements 145
COMMITTEES
Amendments by take precedence 186
Appointed by speaker 4196
Bills not to be interlined or defaced by 183
Chairmen Appropriations and Ways and Means Ex
Officio Members 196
Conference how constituted 185
Report of Conference majority vote 107a
Conference authority limited 185a
Defaulting committee provision as to 197
236
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Rule No
Enlarged how tn
Failure of to report provision as to
Membership limited
Reports of order of precedence
Reports of required
Reports must be in writing
Speaker exofficio member of Rules
Speaker to appoint certain committees Rules committee how elected
COMMIT MOTION TO
Amended how
Applicable to what
Committee of whole not in order
Precedence of as among other motions
Precedence of as among motions to commit to differ ent committees
COMMITTEE OF WHOLE HOUSE
Amendments by action by House 125
Amendments to amendments how reported to House 161
Appropriation bills considered in 50
Bills read and debated by sections 11
Call of House not in order
Chairman appointed by Speaker lib
Chairman power to clear galleries or lobby 127
Debate how limited and closed IIS
Disorderly conduct reported 126
Extension of time how secured 120
Formation of i
House may resolve itself into when ll
Interlineation of bills or resolutions prohibited 183
Journal not show proceedings 129
Members shall vote 124
Motion to commit to precedence 9
Motion to rise report progress and ask leave to sit again I
91
8892
118
54
89
174
197
195
52
197
187
4
4196
4
121
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
237
Papers called for
Proceedings how closed
Proceedings not reported in Journal
Procedure when business finished
Quorum not present procedure
Reconsideration in order
Reports of precedence
Rules applicable to and exceptions
Speaker may resolve House into when
Speaker may take part
Speaker chairman appointed by
Rule No
130
121
129
128
123
122
52
118
114
124
116
CONSTITUTIONAL RULES
Adjournments limited 159
Amendments to Code sections 145
Amendments to Constitution 159
Appropriation Bills House must originate 243
Appropriation Bill General what to embrace 149
Appropriations Journal to show yeas and nays 140
Bills majority necessary to pass iqq
Bills reading of142
Bills rejected when again considered 152
Bills subjectmatter expressed in title 144
Bills only one subjectmatter permitted 144
Constitutional convention how called 16Q
Corporations power of General Assembly over 147
County sites how changed or removed 157
Date of meetings fixed 153
Elections by General Assembly jgj
Expulsion of members twothirds vote necessary 154
General laws how changed j4q
General appropriation bill what to embrace 149
Governor failure to return bills 166
Governors signature when required 155157
Governors veto 156
House judges of election and qualification of members 154 Journal must show majority vote 133
238
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Rule No
Journal must show yeas and nays when
required 139140141
Local and special bills notice required 162
Members power to punish misconduct of 154
Members oath of prescribed 137
Quorum defined 136
Relief of principals and sureties 148
Salaries of certain officials how changed 161
Special laws prohibited when 146
Subjectmatter bills to contain but one 144
Subjectmatter must be expressed in title 144
Veto of Governor 156
Yeas and nays required when139140141
Yeas and nays Journal to show on Apps 140
Yeas and nays Journal to show where twothirds vote
required 141
CONTEMPT
Refusal to vote unless excused on call of House 14
CONTEST
Contestant and conteste to retire when vote taken 22
CONVERSATION
Prohibited 1924
COUNTY SITE
How changed or removed 158
DEBATE
Adjournment decided without 178
Bills first reading no debate 47
Committee of whole regulated118119
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
239
Rule No
Committee happenings reference to out of order 27
Conversations reference to out of order 27
Conduct of members in 17
Individual speeches limited 17
Motion to adjourn not debatable 55
Motion to change rules not debatable 45
Motion to commit when debatable 90
Motion to change order of business not debatable 45
Motion to extend members time of speaking not
debatable 17
Motion to excuse member from voting not debatable 34
Motion to indefinitely postpone debatable 79
Motion to instruct committee debate limited 197
Motion for previous question not debatable 1 70
Motion to read papers not debatable 33
Motion to suspend rules not debatable 45
Motion to table not debatable 67
Motion to postpone to time definite what debatable 86
Previous question decided affirmatively debate
regulated 71
Priority of business not debatable 16
Roll Call no debate during T t 30
Senate happenings reference to out of order 27
Yeas and nays decided without debate 179
DISPARAGING REMARKS
Members prohibited from 28
DIVISION
Duty of member calling for 37
Motion to excuse from voting to be made before 34
Right to call for 36
What not divisible 3839
DRAWING FOR SEATS
Regulated
198
240 LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
ELECTION Rule No
House Judge of of membersi 154
Majority vote necessary 191
ENROLLMENT COMMITTEE 170199
EXCEPTION TO WORDS SPOKEN 18
EXPLANATION OF VOTES When allowed and time limited 32
EXPULSION OF MEMBERS 17154
DOORKEEPER Duty as to enforcement of rule as to intoxication Speaker may suspend when 25 163 12
GALLERIES Applause to be suppressed Committee of whole chairman may clear 29 127 13
GENERAL ASSEMBLY 153 153
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
241
GENERAL APPROPRIATION BILL Rule
Constitutional provision as to what it shall embrace Right of way in order of business
GENERAL LAWS
How changed
GENERAL TAX BILL
Right of way of
GOVERNOR
Failure to return bill effect
Signature when required 155
Veto I
HOUR OF ADJOURNMENT
Fixed by House
IMMEDIATE TRANSMISSION TO SENATE
Twothirds vote necessary
INTOXICATION
Member denied floor while in state of
JOURNAL
Absentees shown on
Amendments to Constitution yeas and nays must be
shown on 1
Appropriation of money yeas and nays shown
Committee duty to read
Committee of whole proceedings not shown
No
149
40
146
40
156
157
156
178
48
25
133
159
140
176
129
242
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Rule No
Majority on passage of bills must be shown 138
Names those not voting shown on 172
Yeas and nays to be shown139140
LAUDATORY REMARKS
Prohibited in Nominations 28
LOCAL BILLS
Constitutional requirements as to reading 142
Constitutional requirements as to notice 162
Introduced when 46
Reading of third time and put on passage by unanimous consent T42
MAIN QUESTION
Effect as to when votes had on motion for previous
question v1707173
Minority report time allowed for debate 74
Motion to table supersedes when 69
Reconsideration of Ji 70
When ordered call of House 76
When ordered vote how takenl 72
MAJORITY
Bill majority vote necessary to pass 138
Elections majority vote necessary 191
Quorum majority necessary 136
MEMBERS
Adjournment duty of at 26
Arrest subject to when134135136
Attendance of compelled when134135136
Books and papers duty as to 177
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
243
Rule No
Called to order for transgressing rules 17
Changing votes how and whenj 189
Committee of whole right to speak 118
Committee of whole duty to vote 124
Conduct in debate 17
Conversation and smoking prohibited 1924
Debate how often to speak yj
Debate individual speeches limited 17
Debate reference to conversations happenings in committee and Senate prohibited 27
Decorum of 1719242627
Designation of members mode of 20
Exceptions to words of procedure 18
Expulsion of when17154
Interrogating mode of21
Intoxication denied floor when in state of 25
Introduction of bills name and county to be endorsed 51
Laudatory remarks in nominations 2
Members speaking duty of while26
Misconduct in house and committee of whole126154
Motion may make one at a time 31
Motion must resume seat while being put 31
Motion prohibited from making nondebatable when 35
Oath of prescribed 137
Protests of proceedings 23
Retire when required to 22
Seats drawing for 198
Vote shall not when interested 22
Vote shall exception 34124
MEMORIALS
Manner of presentation igg
MEETING OF HOUSE
Adjournment fixed by House 173
Time of meeting for daily sessions 178
Constitutional provisions 153
244
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
MINORITY REPORTS Rule No
How made i 187
Main question ordered privileged first signer 74
MESSAGES
How sent announced received and considered 164
MESSENGER
Arrest of members134135
Exofficio sergeantabarms 134
Intoxicated member enforcement of rule 25
General duties 181182
Speaker may suspend whenq 12
MOTIONS
Information from executive department lie on table 188
Nondebatable prohibited when 35
One ai a time only 31
Order of priority 54
Order of business motion to change not debatable 45
Order of business motion to change vote necessary 53
Read papers motion to decide without debate 33
Rules motion to change or suspend vote necessary 43 Rules motion to change or suspend how submitted414448
Seconding of unnecessary 170
Special orders motion to make how substituted 44
Strike out and insert motion to not divisible 39
Withdrawn how 165
NEW MATTERS
Information from executive department to lie on table 188 Unanimous consents for 42
NOMINATIONS
Laudatory remarks prohibited 28
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
245
OATHS Rule No
Of Clerk prescribed 16g
Of Members prescribed 137
ORDER OF BUSINESS
Changed how 434553
Motion to change not debatable 45
Motion to change vote necessary 4353
Priority of established 194
Rules committee to fix during last twentyone days 53
PARLIAMENTARY LAW
Applicable when 192
PETITIONS
Manner of presentation 166
PREAMBLE
Not considered until resolution perfected 100
PREVIOUS QUESTION
Adjourn motion not in order after affirmative
votes on 70
Adjournment effect arrival hour of House acting
under 60
Affirmative votes result70717374
Applicable to what 75
Call of House not in order after ordered except when 76
Call for sustained motion to table in order 69
Exhausted must be before matters of words excepted
to decided 18
Precedence of motion 54
246
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
POSTPONE Rule No
Applicable to what definite and indefinite 8087
Committee of whole motion to definitely postpone not
in order 118
Debate motion to indefinitely postpone debatable but
not amendable 79
Definitely postpone motion to amendable 84
Effect of affirmative action on motion to indefinitely
postpone 78
Effect of affirmative action on motion to postpone to
time definite 83
Effect of negative action 83
Indefinitely motion to when not applicable 80
Impossible day motion to postpone to treated how 85
Indefinitely motion to not renewable 81
Precedence of motion 54
PRIVILEGE
Personal privilege 190
Questions of what constitutes 190
PRIVILEGES OF FLOOR
Who entitled to 175
PRINTING OF BILLS
When ordered 49
PROTESTS OF MEMBERS
Procedure 23
QUALIFYING PARAGRAPH
Not a divisible question 38
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL 247
QUORUM Rule No
Constitutional definition 136
READING OF PAPERS
House determines by vote 33
RECONSIDERATION
Amendments when reconsidered ng
Bills notice of motion when given 108
Bills notice not to be withdrawn when 109
Committee of whole motion in order 122
Effect of on bills113
Main question ordered motion in order to reconsider 70 Motion in order but once on same subject matter 110
Motions when in order jll
REMONSTRANCES
Manner of presentation 166
REPORTS OF COMMITTEES
Committees may report by bill or otherwise 167
Order of precedence of 52
ROLL CALL
Explanation of votes on 32
Debate none during 30
How dispensed with 132
Speaker may order when 15
RULES
Motion to suspend or change decided without debate 45 Suspended or changed how434445
248
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
RULES COMMITTEE
Rule No
Constituted and elected how
Effect of failure to report
Order of business fixed by during last twentyone
days
Report of in order when
Special orders and motions to suspend rules duty to report on
4
44
53
167
4144
SALARIES
Constitutional provision as to changing 161
SEATS
Drawing for regulated 1
SERGEANTATARMS
Call of House duty of
Messenger is exofficio l4
SIGNATURE OF SPEAKER AND CLERK
When required 180
SILENCE
Members to preserve when 1
SMOKING
Prohibited afeio24
SPEAKER
Absence of Speaker pro tern to preside 7
Adjournment members to remain until Speaker retires
26
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
249
Rule No
Appeals from decision of891011
Appeals from decision of to be made at once 10
Appeals from decision of no debate when 9
Appointment of committees by 4196
Appointment of chairman of Committee of Whole 116
Appointment of Conference Committee 185
Attendance power to compel 134
Business priority of decided without debate 16
Chairman Committee of Whole appointed by 116
Committees appointed by 4196
Committee of Whole may resolve House into when 114
Committee of Whole assumes chair when121
Committee of Whole receiving chairmans report 128
Committee of Whole right to take part in 124
Courtesy of members to at adjournment26
Doorkeeper Speaker may suspend 12
Galleries may be cleared by13
Interrogation of members conducted through 21
Irrelevant debate power to suspend 1
Members Speaker may name to preside 6
Members courtesy due by at adjournment 26
Method of stating question by 5
Quorum duty of when no quorum voting 1415
Recognition of members decided by 3
Recognition of members for unanimous consent 42
Rules Committee Speaker exofficio member 196
Silence commanded by when j 1
Suspension of officers 12
Vote Speaker required to when 2
SPEAKER PRO TEM
Absence of Speaker duty to preside 7
Election 7
SPECIAL COMMITTEE
Priority of motion to commit in 89
250
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
SPECIAL LAWS Rule No
Notice required 162
Prohibited when I 146
SUBJECTMATTER
Bills to contain but one and expressed in title 144
SUBSTITUTE
Amendment is 94
Bill perfected before substitute 95
Motion to table not in order 61
SUSPENSION OF RULES
How accomplished 434445
TABLE MOTION TO
Amendment or substitute motion to table not in order 61
Amendment motion to table not subject to 67
Application of what can be laid on table 68
Committee of Whole motion not in order 118
Debate motion to table not debatable 67
Effect when motion to table prevails 63
Effect when motion to take from table prevails 6264
Effect when motion to take from table prevails where
measure tabled after roll call 65
Executive department information called from tabled
one day 188
Main question motion to table in order after motion
for previous question sustained 69
Main question motion to table not in order after House has voted that main question shall be now
put 69
Motion to take from when in order 62
Previous question motion to table in order after main
question ordered 69
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
251
Rule No
Renewal of motions to table and take from when 66
Roll call motion not in order until completion 65
TWOTHIRDS VOTE NECESSARY WHEN
Amendments to Constitution 159
Constitution Convention 160
County Site changed or removed 158
Expulsion of members 154
Governors veto overridden 155156157
Prolongation of session 155
UNANIMOUS CONSENTS Limitation and regulation of
42
YEAS AND NAYS
Adjournment effect when hour of arrives during vote
by 60
Amendments to Constitution 159
Changing votes after call of 189
Committee of whole vote not taken by 118
Explanation of votes when vote taken by 32
Excuse from voting motion must be made before roll
call begins 34
Journals to show when 139140141
Journal to show names not voting 172
Motion to table when in order when vote taken by 65
Required when 72 139 140141
Speaker may order when no quorum voting 15
3 UQiWi to oiafijo iute niiimL
i o giflMsafciTsraA
lutw

851

CONSTITUTION OF THE
STATE OF GEORGIA
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
LIST OF STATE CONSTITUTIONS 254
ARTICLE IBill of Rights 257263
ARTICLE IIElective Franchise i263266
ARTICLE IIILegislative Department 266276
ARTICLE IVPower of General Asseihbl over
Taxation 276280
ARTICLE VExecutive Department 280291
ARTICLE VIJudiciary 291308
ARTICLE VIIFinance Taxation and Public Debt309330
ARTICLE VIIIEducation 330336
ARTICLE IXHomestead and Exemption 336
ARTICLE XMilitia i 336337
ARTICLE XICounties and Municipal Corporations337339
ARTICLE XIIThe Laws of General Operation in
Force in this State i339340
ARTICLE XIIIAmendments to the Constitution340342
ARTICLE XIVMerit System vv 342
ARTICLE XVHome Rule 343344
53
254
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF ORGANIC ACTS AND STATE CONSTITUTIONS OF GEORGIA
Charter of the Colony of Georgia 1732
Grant of George II King of Great Britain
Constitution of 1777
Constitutional Convention Oct 1 1776Feb 5 1777
Constitution of 1789
Constitutional Convention Nov 424 1788 Jan 420 1789 May 46 1789 May 16 1795
Constitution of 1798
Constitutional Convention May 8 30 1798
Constitution of 1861
Constitutional Convention Jan 16March 23 1861
Constitution of 1865
Constitutional Convention Oct 25Nov 8 1865
Constitution of 1868
Constitutional Convention Dec 9 1867March 11 1868
Constitution of 1877
Constitutional Convention July 11 1877August 25 1877 Constitution of 1945
Ratified General Election August 7 1945 Governors Proclamation August 13 1945
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
Governors No 34 House Resolution No 11
255
A RESOLUTION
Proposing as one single amendment to amend the Constitution of the State of Georgia of 1877 and all amendments thereof by striking in their entirety Article I Bill of Rights Article II Elective Franchise Article III Legislative Department Article IV Power of the General Assembly Over Taxation Article V Executive Department Article VI Judiciary Article VII Finance Taxation and Public Debt Article VIII Education Article IX Homesteads and Exemptions Article X Militia Article XI Counties and County Officers Article XII The Laws of General Operation in Force in This State Article XIII Amendments to the Constitution and by inserting in lieu thereof after the Preamble of the Constitution of the State of Georgia of 1877 new articles as follows Article I Bill of Rights Article II Elective Franchise Article III Legislative Department Article IV Public Utilities Eminent Domain Police Power Insurance Companies Contracts etc Article V Executive Department Article VI Judiciary Article VII Finance Taxation and Public Debt Article VIII Education Article IX Homesteads and Exemptions Article X Militia Article XI Counties and Municipal Corporations Article XII The Laws of General Operation in Force in This State Article XIII Amendments to the Constitution Article XIV Merit System and Article XV Home Rule and to provide for the submission of the Amendment so proposed as one Amendment to the qualified voters of the State of Georgia for ratification or rejection at the General Election to be held in August 1945
WHEREAS the purpose of this single amendment is to coordinate the proposed substantial principals of organic law into one subject matter of the Constitution it being impracticable otherwise than in one subject matter and one amendment to perfect the rearrangement sought and to render unnecessary the evil consequences of a portion by portion adoption or rejection which would in case of adoption of some portions and rejection of others result in a Constitution lacking correlation
256
LEGISLATIVE MANUAL
NOW THEREFORE BE IT RESOLVED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF GEORGIA
Section One
That the Constitution of the State of Georgia of 1877 and all Amendments thereof appearing after the Preamble be and it is hereby proposed to be amended as one single amendment by striking therefrom in their entirety Article I Bill of Rights Article II Elective Franchise Article III Legislative Department Article IV Power of the General Assembly Over Taxation Article V Executive Department Article VI Judiciary Article VII Finance Taxation and Public Debt Article VIII Education Article IX Homesteads and Exemptions Article X Militia Article XI Counties and County Officers Article XII The Laws of General Operation in Force in This State Article XIII Amendments to the Constitution and inserting in lieu thereof new Articles Numbers I through XV inclusive so that when so amended the Constitution of the State of Georgia of 1877 shall read beginning with the Preamble as follows
CONSTITUTION
OF THE
STATE OF GEORGIA
PREAMBLE
T9 perpetuate the principles of free government insure justice to all preserve peace promote the interest and happiness of the citizen and transmit to posterity the enjoyment of liberty we the people of Georgia relying upon the protection and guidance of Almighty God do ordain and establish this Constitution
ARTICLE L
Bill of Rights
Section I
Paragraph I Origin and foundation of government All government of right originates with the people is founded upon their will only and is instituted solely for the good of the whole Public officers are the trustees and servants of the people and at all times amenable to them
Paragraph II Protection the duty of government Protection to person and property is the paramount duty of government and shall be impartial and complete
Paragraph III Life liberty and property No person shall of jprived of llfe hberty or property except by due process
257
J
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 1 Sec 1 Par 4
Paragraph IV Right to the courts No person shall be deprived of the right to prosecute or defend his own cause in any of the courts of this State in person by attorney or both
Paragraph V Benefit of counsel accusation list of witnesses compulsory process trial by jury Every person charged with an offense against the laws of this State shall have the privilege and benefit of counsel shall be furnished on demand with a copy of the accusation and a list of the witnesses on whose testimony the charge against him is founded shall have compulsory process to obtain the testimony of his own witnesses shall be confronted with the witnesses testifying against him and shall have a public and speedy trial by an impartial jury
Paragraph VI Crimination of self not compelled No person shall be compelled to give testimony tending in any manner to criminate himself
Paragraph VII Banishment and whipping as punishment for crime Neither banishment beyond the limits of the State nor whipping as a punishment for crime shall be allowed
Paragraph VIII Jeopardy of life or liberty more than once forbidden No person shall be put in jeopardy of life or liberty more than once for the same offense save on his or her own motion for a new trial after conviction or in case of mistrial
Paragraph IX Bail fines punishment arrest abuse of prisoners Excessive bail shall not be required nor excessive fines imposed nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted nor shall any person be abused in being arrested while under arrest or in prison
Paragraph X Costs No person shall be compelled to pay costs except after conviction on final trial
Paragraph XL Habeas corpus The writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended
258
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 1 Sec 1 Par 12
Paragraph XII Freedom of conscience All men have the natural and inalienable right to worship God each according to the dictates of his own conscience and no human authority should in any case control or interfere with such rights of conscience
Paragraph XIII Religious opinions liberty of conscience No inhabitant of this Stato shall bo molostod in person or property or prohibited from holding any public office or trust on account of his religious opinions but the right of liberty of conscience shall not be so construed as to excuse acts of licentiousness or justify practices inconsistent with the peace and safety of the State
Paragraph XIV Appropriations to churches sects etc forbidden No money shall ever be taken from the public Treasury directly or indirectly in aid of any church sect or denomination of religionists or of any sectarian institution
Paragraph XV Liberty of speech or ofthe press guaranteed No law shall ever be passed to curtail or restrain the liberty of speech or of the press any person may speak write and publish his sentiments on all subjects being responsible for the abuse of that liberty
Paragraph XVI Searches seizures and warrants The right of the people to be secure in their persons houses papers and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures shall not be violated and no warrant shall issue except upon probable cause supported by oath or affirmation particularly describing the place or places to be searched and the persons or things to be seized
Paragraph XVII Slavery and involuntary servitude There shall be within the State of Georgia neither slavery nor involuntary servitude save as a punishment for crime after legal conviction thereof
259
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 1 Sec 1 Par 18
Paragraph XVIII Status of the citizen The social status of the citizen shall never be the subject of legislation
Paragraph XIX Civil authority superior to military The civil authority shall be superior to the military and no soldier shall in time of peace be quartered in any house without the consent of the owner nor in time of war except by the civil magistrate in such manner as may be provided by law
Paragraph XX Contempts The power of the Courts to punish for contempt shall be limited by legislative acts
Paragraph XXI Imprisonment for debt There shall be no imprisonment for debt
Paragraph XXII Arms right to keep and bear The right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed but the General Assembly shall have power to prescribe the manner in which arms may be borne
Paragraph XXIII Legislative judicial and executive powers separate The legislative judicial and executive powers shall forever remain separate and distinct and no person discharging the duties of one shall at the same time exercise the functions of either of the others except as herein provided
Paragraph XXIV Right to assemble and petition The people have the right to assemble peaceably for their common good and to apply to those vested with the powers of government for redress of grievances by petition or remonstrance
Paragraph XXV Citizens protection of All citizens of the United States resident in this State are hereby declared citizens of this State and it shall be the duty of the General Assembly to enact such laws as will protect them in the full enjoyment of the rights privileges and immunities due to such citizenship
260
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 1 Sec 2 Par 1
Section II
Paragraph I Libel jury in criminal cases new trials In all prosecutions or indictments for libel the truth may be given m evidence and the jury in all criminal cases shall be the judges of the law and the facts The power of the judges to grant new trials in case of conviction is preserved
Paragraph II Treason Treason against the State of Georgia shall consist in levying war against her adhering to her enemies giving them aid and comfort No person shall be convicted of treason except on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act or confession in open court
Paragraph III Conviction effect of No conviction shall work corruption of blood or forfeiture of estate
Paragraph IV Lotteries All lotteries and the sale of lottery tickets are hereby prohibited and this prohibition shall be enforced by penal laws
Paragraph V Lobbying penalties Lobbying is declared to be a crime and the General Assembly shall enforce this provision by suitable penalties
Paragraph VI Fraud concealment of property The General ShU htff the Pwr 0 provide for the punishment ant fW provide by law for reaching property of the debtor concealed from the creditor
Section III
Paragraph I Private ways just compensation In case of necessity private ways may be granted upon just compensation being first paid by the applicant Private property shall not be taken or damaged for public purposes without just and adequate compensation being first paid J
261
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 1 Sec 3 Par 2
Paragraph II Attainder ex post facto and retroactive laws etc No bill of attainder ex post facto law retroactive law or law impairing the obligation of contracts or making irrevocable grant of special privileges or immunities shall be passed
Paragraph III Revocation of tax exemptions All exemptions from taxation heretofore granted in corporate charters are declared to be henceforth null and void
Section IV
Paragraph I General laws uniform operation how varied Laws of a general nature shall have uniform operation throughout the State and no special law shall be enacted in any case for which provision has been made by an existing general law No general law affecting private rights shall be varied m any particular case by special legislation except with the free consent in writing of all persons to be affected thereby and no person under legal disability to contract is capable of such consent
Paragraph II What acts void Legislative acts in violation of this Constitution of the Constitution of the United States are void and the Judiciary shall so declare them
Section V
Paragraph I State rights The people of this State have the inherent sole and exclusive rights of regulating their internal government and the police thereof and of altering and abolishing their Constitution whenever it may be necessary to their safety and happiness
Paragraph II Enumeration of rights not denial of others The enumeration of rights herein contained as a part of this Constitution shall not be construed to deny to the people any inherent rights which they may have hitherto enjoyed
262
CONSTITUTION OP THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 1 Sec 6 Par 1
Section VI
Paragraph I Tidewater titles confirmed The Act of the General Assembly approved December 16 1902 which extends the title of ownership of lands abutting on tidal water to low water mark is hereby ratified and confirmed
ARTICLE II Elective Franchise
Section I
Paragraph I Elections by ballot registration of voters Elections by the people shall be by ballot and only those persons snail be allowed to vote who have been first registered in accordance with the requirements of law
Paragraph II Who shall be an elector entitled to register and vote Every citizen of this State who is a citizen of the United States eighteen years old or upwards not laboring under r the disabilities named in this Article and possessing the qualifications provided by it shall be an elector and entitled to register and vote at any election by the people Provided that no soldier sailor or marine in the military or naval services of the United States shall acquire the rights of an elector by reason of being stationed on duty in this State
Paragraph III Who entitled to register and vote To entitle a person to register and vote at any election by the people he snail have resided m the State one year next preceding the election and m the county in which he offers to vote six months next preceding the election
Paragraph IV Qualifications of electors Every citizen of this State shall be entitled to register as an elector and to vote in all elections m said State who is not disqualified under the
263
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 2 Sec 1 Par 4
provisions of Section II of Article II of this Constitution and who possesses the qualifications prescribed in Paragraphs II and III of this Section or who will possess them at the date of the election occurring next after his registration and who in addition thereto comes within either of the classes provided for in the two following subdivisions of this paragraph
1 All persons who are of good character and understand the duties and obligations of citizenship under a republican form of government or
2 All persons who can correctly read in the English language any paragraph of the Constitution of the United States or of this State and correctly write the same in the English language when read to them by any one of the registrars and all persons who solely because of physical disability are unable to comply with the above requirements but who can understand and give a reasonable interpretation of any paragraph of the Constitution of the United States or of this State that may be read to them by any one of the registrars
Paragraph Y Appeal from decision of registrars Any person to whom the right of registration is denied by the registrars upon the ground that he lacks the qualifications set forth in the two subdivisions of Paragraph IV shall have the right to take an appeal and any citizen may enter an appeal from the decision of the registrars allowing any person to register under said subdivisions All appeals must be filed in writing with the registrars within ten days from the date of the decision complained of and shall be returned by the registrars to the office of the clerk of the superior court to be tried as other appeals
Paragraph VI Judgment of force pending appeal Pending an appeal and until the final decision of the case the judgment of the registrars shall remain in full force
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CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 2 Sec 2 Par 1
Section II
Paragraph I Registration of electors who disfranchised The General Assembly may provide from time to time for the registration of all electors but the following classes of persons shall not be permitted to register vote or hold any office or appointment of honor or trust in this State towit 1st Those who shall have been convicted in any court of competent jurisdiction of treason against the State of embezzlement of public funds malfeasance in office bribery or larceny or of any crime mvoiving moral turpitude punishable by the laws of this State with imprisonment in the penitentiary unless such persons have been pardoned 2nd Idiots and insane persons
Section III
Paragraph I Privilege of electors from arrest Electors shall in all cases except for treason felony larceny and breach of the peace be privileged from arrest during their attendance on elections and m going to and returning from the same
Section IV
Paragraph I Holder of public funds No person who is the holder of any public money contrary to law shall be eligible office in this State until the same is accounted for and paid into the Treasury
Section V
Pararaph I Sale of liquors on election days The General Assembly shall by law forbid the sale of intoxicating drinks in i j e orany political subdivision thereof on all days for holding of any election in the area in which such election is held and prescribe punishment for any violation of the same
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CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 2 See 6 Par 1
Section VI
Paragraph I Returns made to whom Returns of election for all civil officers elected by the people who are to be commissioned by the Governor and also for members of the General Assembly shall be made to the Secretary of State unless otherwise provided by law
ARTICLE III
Legislative Department Section I
Paragraph I Power vested in General Assembly The legislative power of the State shall be vested in a General Assembly which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives
Section II
Pargraph I Number of senators and senatorial districts The Senate shall consist of not more than fiftyfour members and there shall be not more than fiftyfour Senatorial Districts with one Senator from each District as now constituted or as hereafter created The various Senatorial Districts shall be comprised of the counties as now provided and the General Assembly shall have authority to create rearrange and change these Districts within the limitation herein stated
Section III
Paragraph I Number of representatives The House of Representatives shall consist of representatives apportioned among the several counties of the State as follows To the eight counties having the largest population three representatives
266
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 3 Sec 3 Par 1
each to the thirty counties having the next largest population nd the remainiS counties one
Paragraph II Apportionment changed how The above an
SM be hanged by the General Assembly at its first session after each census taken by the United States Gov
SecSoTm ofCThisaanrticiith Pr0YiSinS f ParagraPh I
Section IV
Paragraph I Term of members The members of the General eleted l0T two years and shall serve until sembl flXed by law for the convening of the next General As
Paragraph II Election when The first election for members of the General Assembly under this Constitution shall take place on Tuesday after the first Monday in November 1946 and subsequent elections biennially on that day until the day of election is changed by law
Paragraph III Meeting of the General Assembly The General Assembly shall meet in regular session on the second Monday m January 1947 and biennially thereafter on the same day until the date shall be changed by law By concurrent resolution adopted by a majority of members elected to both Houses the General Assembly may adjourn any regular session to such u ri dae as ij may or reconvening in regular session but shall remain in regular session no longer than seventy 70 days in the aggregate during the term for which the members were elected If it shall adjourn the first regular session before the expiration of seventy 70 days without fixing a date for reconvening the General Assembly shall reconvene in regular session on the second Monday in January of the next year unless it shall have adjourned sine die All business pending in the
267
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 3 Sec 4 Par 3
Senate or House at the adjournment of any regular session may be considered at any later regular session of the same General Assembly as if there had been no adjournment Nothing herein shall be construed to affect the power of the Governor to convoke the General Assembly in extraordinary session or the duty of the Governor to convene the General Assembly in extraordinary session upon the certificate of threefifths of the members elected to the Senate and the House of Representatives as provided in Article V Section I Paragraph XII of this Constitution If an impeachment trial is pending at the end of any regular or extraordinary session the Senate may continue in session until such trial is completed The provisions of Paragraph III Section IV of Article III of the Constitution which this Constitution supersedes which apply to the meetings of the General Assembly shall continue in force until the second Monday in January 1947
Paragraph IV Quorum A majority of each House shall constitute a quorum to transact business but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and compel the presence of its absent members as each house may provide
Paragraph V Oath of members Each Senator and Representative before taking his seat shall take the following oath or affirmation towit I will support the Constitution of this State and of the United States and on all questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be most conducive to the interests and prosperity of this State
Paragraph VI Eligibility appointments forbidden No person holding a military commission or other appointment or office having any emolument or compensation annexed thereto under this State or the United States or either of them except Justices of the Peace and officers of the militia nor any defaulter for public money or for any legal taxes required of him shall have a seat in either house nor shall any Senator or Repre
268
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 3 Sec 4 Par 6
sentative after his qualification as such be elected by the General Assembly or appointed by the Governor either with or without the advice and consent of the Senate to any office or appointment having any emolument annexed thereto during the time for which he shall have been elected unless he shall first resign his seat provided however that during the term for which he was elected no Senator or Representative shall be appointed to any civil office which has been created during such
Paragraph VII Removal from district or county effect of
a member of either house shall be vacated on his removal from the district or county from which he was elected
Section V
Paragraph I Qualifications of Senators The Senators shall be citizens of the United States who have attained the age of twentyfive years and who shall have been citizens of this btate for four years and for one year residents of the district irom winch elected
pif sident The presiding officer of the Senate shall be styled the President of the Senate A President Pro iempore shall be elected viva voce from the Senators and shall act in case of the death resignation or disability of the President or m the event of his succession to the executive power
IIL Impeachments The Senate shall have the sole power to try impeachments
Paragraph IV Trial of impeachments When sitting for that
shah0 if the ielbers oath or affirmation and
shall be presided over by the Chief Justice or the Presiding Justice of the Supreme Court Should the Chief Justice be disqualified the Senate shall select a Justice of the Supreme Court
of PriL0n shalLbe convicted without the concurrence
of twothirds of the members present
269
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 3 Sec 5 Par 5
Paragraph V Judgments in impeachments Judgments in cases of impeachment shall not extend further than removal from office and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor trust or profit within this State but the party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to indictment trial judgment and punishment according to law
Section VI
Paragraph I Qualifications of representatives The Representatives shall be citizens of the United States who have attained the age of twentyone years and who shall have been citizens of this State for two years and for one year residents of the counties from which elected
Paragraph II Speaker The presiding officer of the House of Representatives shall be styled the Speaker of the House of Representatives and shall be elected viva voce from the body r
Paragraph IIL Power to impeach The House of Representatives shall have the sole power to vote impeachment charges against all persons who shall have been or may be in office
Section VII
Paragraph I Election returns etc disorderly conduct Each House shall be the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its members and shall have power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by censure fine imprisonment or expulsion but no member shall be expelled except by a vote of twothirds of the House to which he belongs
Paragraph II Contempts how punished Each House may punish by imprisonment not extending beyond the session any person not a member who shall be guilty of a contempt by any disorderly behavior in its presence or who shall rescue or attempt to rescue any person arrested by order of either House
270
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 3 Sec 7 Par 3
Pararaph III Privilege of members The members of both Houses shall be free from arrest during their attendance on the General Assembly and in going thereto or returning thereIrom except for treason felony larceny or breach of the peace and no member shall be liable to answer in any other place for anything spoken in debate in either House
Paragraph IV Journals and acts Each House shall keep a
f S ocedmgs and Publish it immediately after its adjournment The General Assembly shall provide for the publication of the laws passed by each session
Paragraph V Where journals kept The original iournal shall be preserved after publication in the office of the Secretary of State but there shall be no other record thereof
Paragraph VI Yeas and nays when taken The yeas and nays
BS membe
pagSt re1 thLreand
iS unlfss ln cases of actual invasion or insurrection
of each local bill shah consist engrossed the tltle only unless said bill is ordered to be
Paragraph VIII One subject matter expressed No law shall pass which refers to more than one subject matter or contains matter different from what is expressed in the title thereof
Paragraph IX General appropriations bill The General appropriations bill shall embrace nothing except appropriations fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the Executive Legislative and Judicial Departments of the Government payment of the public debt and interest thereon and for support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appropriations shall be made by separate bills each embracing but one subject
271
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 3 Sec 7 Par 10
Paragraph X Bills for revenue All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills
ParagraphXI Public money how drawn No money shall be drawn from the Treasury except by appropriation made by law
Paragraph XII Bills appropriating money No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in each house are recorded
Paragraph XIII Acts signed rejected bills All acts shall be signed by the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives and no bill or resolution intended to have the effect of a law which shall have been rejected by either house shall be again proposed during the same session under the same or any other title without the consent of twothirds of the House by which the same was rejected
Paragraph XIV Majority of members to pass bill No bill rshall become a law unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the members elected to each House of the General Assembly and it shall in every instance so appear on the Journal
Paragraph XV Notice of intention to ask local legislation necessary No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the newspaper in which the Sheriffs advertisements for the locality affected are published once a week for three weeks during a period of sixty days immediately preceding its introduction into the General Assembly No local or special bill shall become law unless there is attached to and made a part of said bill a copy of said notice certified by the publisher or accompanied by an affidavit of the author to the effect that said notice has been published as provided by law No office to which
272
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 3 Sec 7 Par 15
a person has been elected shall be abolished nor the term of the office shortened or lengthened by local or special bill during the term for which such person was elected unless the same be approved by the people of the jurisdiction affected in a referendum on the question Where any local law shall add any member or members to any municipal or county governing authority the members of which are elected by the people such local law must provide that the member or members so added must be elected by a majority vote of the qualified voters of the political subdivision affected
Paragraph XVI Statutes and sections of code how amended No law or section of the code shall be amended or repealed by mere reference to its title or to the number of the section of the Code but the amending or repealing act shall distinctively describe the law to be amended or repealed as well as the alteration to be made
Paragraph XVII Corporate powers how granted The General Assembly shall have no power to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies to make or change election precincts nor to establish bridges or ferries nor to change names of legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law the manner in which such powers shall be exercised by the courts it may confer this authority to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies to the judges of the superior courts of this State in vacation All corporate powers and privileges to banking trust insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies shall be issued and granted by the Secretary of State in such manner as shall be prescribed by law and if in any event the Secretary of State should be disqualified to act in any case then in that event the legislature shall provide by general laws by what person such charter shall be granted
Paragraph XVIII Recognizances The General Assembly shall have no power to relieve principals or securities upon for
273
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 3 Sec 7 Par 18
feited recognizances from the payment thereof either before or after judgment thereon unless the principal in the recognizance shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the proper officers
Paragraph XIX Yeas and nays to be entered when Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both houses for the passage of an act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal
Paragraph XX Powers of the General Assembly The General Assembly shall have the power to make all laws consistent with this Constitution and not repugnant to the Constitution of the United States which they shall deem necessary and proper for the welfare of the State
Paragraph XXI Signature of Governor No provision in this Constitution for a twothirds vote of both houses of the General Assembly shall be construed to waive the necessity for the signature of the Governor as in any other case except in the case of the twothirds vote required to override the veto to submit constitutional amendments and in case of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly
Paragraph XXII Adjournments Neither House shall adjourn for more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of disagreement between the two Houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them
Paragraph XXIII Zoning and planning laws The General Assembly of the State shall have authority to grant the governing authorities of the municipalities and counties authority to pass zoning and planning laws whereby such cities or counties may be zoned or districted for various uses and other or different uses prohibited therein and regulating the use for which
274
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 3 Sec 7 Par 23
said zones or districts may be set apart and regulating the plans for development and improvements on real estate therein
Paragraph XXIV Civil service equal preference to veterans Neither the State of Georgia nor any political subdivision thereof shall inaugurate or maintain any civil service scheme of any nature whatever which fails to provide for honorably discharged veterans of any war and the said State of Georgia or any political subdivision shall if a civil service scheme is originated or is already in force provide equal preferences accorded to such veterans as now exist under Federal Civil Service Laws
Paragraph XXV Street Railways The General Assembly shall not authorize the construction of any street passenger railway within the limits of any incorporate town or city without the consent of the Corporate Authorities
Section VIII
Paragraph I Officers of the two houses The officers of the two houses other than the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House shall be a President Pro Tempore and Secretary of the Senate and Speaker Pro Tempore and Clerk of the House of Representatives and such assistants as each House may provide for
Section IX
Paragraph I Compensation expense and mileage The per diem of members of the General Assembly shall be 1000 per day plus the additional sum of 500 per day for maintenance expense and the mileage shall not exceed 10 cents for each mile traveled by the nearest practical route in going to and returning from the Capitol but the President Pro Tempore of the Senate when serving as presiding officer thereof and the
275
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 3 Sec 9 Par 1
Speaker of the House of Representatives shall each receive 1500 per day as per diem plus the additional sum of 500 per day for maintenance expense
Section X
Paragraph I Viva voce vote place of meeting All elections by the General Assembly shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the Journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare the result
Section XI
Paragraph I Salaries of elective officials how changed The General Assembly may at any time by a majority vote of both branches prescribe other and different salaries for all of the elective officers provided for in this Constitution but no such change shall affect the officers then in commission
ARTICLE IV
Public Utilities Eminent Domain Police Power Insurance Companies Contracts Etc
Section I
Paragraph I Public utility tariffs and charges The power and authority of regulating railroad freight and passenger tariffs and of charges of public utilities for their services of preventing unjust discriminations and requiring reasonable
276
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 4 Sec 1 Par 1
and just rates of freight and passenger tariffs and of charges of public utilities are hereby conferred upon the General Assembly whose duty it shall be to pass laws from time to time to regulate such tariffs and charges to prohibit unjust discriminations by the various railroads and public utilities of this State and to prohibit said railroads and public utilities from charging other than just and reasonable rates and to enforce the same by adequate penalties provided nevertheless that such power and authority shall never be exercised in any way to regulate or fix charges of such public utilities as are or may be owned or operated by any county or municipality of this State except as provided in this Constitution
Paragraph II Rebates No public utility company shall give or pay any rebate or bonus in the nature thereof directly or indirectly or do any act to mislead or deceive the public as to the real rates charged or received for freight or passage or services furnished any such payments shall be illegal and void and these prohibitions shall be enforced by suitable penalties
Section II
Paragraph I Right of eminent domain The exercise of the right of eminent domain shall never be abridged nor so construed as to prevent the General Assembly from taking property and franchises and subjecting them to public use
Paragraph II Police power The exercise of the police power of the State shall never be abridged nor so construed as to permit the conduct of business in such manner as to infringe the equal rights of others or the general wellbeing of the State
Section III
Paragraph I Charters revived or amended subject to Constitution The General Assembly shall not remit the forfeiture
277
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 4 Sec 3 Par 1
of the charter of any corporation now existing nor alter or amend the same nor pass any other general or special law for the benefit of said corporation except upon the condition that such corporation shall thereafter hold its charter subject to the provisions of this Constitution and every amendment of any charter of any corporation in this State or any special law for its benefit accepted thereby shall operate as a novation of said charter and shall bring the same under the provision of this Constitution
Section IV
Paragraph I Contracts to defeat competition All contracts and agreements which may have the effect or be intended to have the effect to defeat or lessen competition or to encourage monopoly shall be illegal and void The General Assembly of this State shall have no power to authorize any such contract or agreement
Paragraph II General Assembly to enforce Article The General Assembly shall enforce the provisions of this Article by appropriate legislation
Paragraph III Public Service Commission as constitutional officers There shall be a Public Service Commission for the regulation of utilities vested with the jurisdiction powers and duties now provided by law or that may hereafter be prescribed by the General Assembly not inconsistent with other provisions of this Constitution Such Commission shall consist of five members who shall be elected by the people A chairman shall be selected by the members of the Commission from its membership The first Commission under this amendment shall consist of the commissioners in office at the time of the adoption of this constitutional amendment and they shall serve until December 31st after the general election at which the successor of each member is elected Thereafter all succeeding terms of members shall be for six years The qualifications compensa
278
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 4 See 4 Par 3
tons filling of vacancies manner and time of election power and duties of members of the Commission including the chairman shall be such as are now or may hereafter be provided by the General Assembly
Section V
Paragraph I Wifes separate estate All property of the wife at the time of her marriage and all property given to inherited or acquired by her shall remain her separate property and not be liable for the debts of her husband
Section VI
Paragraph I Nonresident insurance companies All life insurance companies now doing business in this State or which may desire to establish agencies and do business in the State of Georgia chartered by other States of the Union or foreign States shall show that they have deposited with the Comptroller General of the State in which they are chartered or of this State the Insurance Commissioner or such other officer as may be authorized to receive it not less than one hundred thousand dollars in such securities as may be deemed by such officer equivalent to cash subject to his order as a guarantee fund for the security of policyholders
Paragraph II License by Comptroller General When such showing is made to the Comptroller General of the State of Georgia by a proper certificate from the State official having charge of the funds so deposited the Comptroller General of the State of Georgia is authorized to issue to the company making such showing a license to do business in the State upon paying the fees required by law
Paragraph III Resident insurance companies guarantee fund All life insurance companies chartered by the State of Georgia or which may hereafter be chartered by the State
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shall before doing business deposit with the Comptroller General of the State of Georgia or with some strong corporation which may be approved by said Comptroller General one hundred thousand dollars in such securities as may be deemed by him equivalent to cash to be subject to his order as a guarantee fund for the security of the policyholders of the company making such deposit all interest and dividends from such securities to be paid when due to the company so depositing Any such securities as may be needed or desired by the company may be taken from said department at any time by replacing them with other securities equally acceptable to the Comptroller General whose certificate for the same shall be furnished to the company
Paragraph IV General Assembly to enact laws for peoples protection etc The General Assembly shall from time to time enact laws to compel all fire insurance companies doing business in this State whether chartered by this State or otherwise to deposit reasonable securities with the Treasurer of this State to secure the people against loss by the operations of said companies
Paragraph V Reports by insurance companies The General Assembly shall compel all insurance companies in this State or doing business therein under proper penalties to make annual reports to the Comptroller General and print the same at their own expense for the information and protection of the people
ARTICLE V
Executive Department Section I
Paragraph I Governor Term of Office Salary etc The executive power shall be vested in a Governor who shall hold his office during the term of four years and until his successor shall be chosen and qualified The Governor serving at the time
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of the adoption of this Constitution and future Governors shall not be eligible to succeed themselves and shall not be eligible to hold the office until after the expiration of four years from the conclusion of his term of office He shall have a salary of seven thousand five hundred dollars per annum until January 1 1947 The salary of the Governor for each year thereafter shall be twelve thousand dollars per annum until otherwise provided by a law passed by a majority vote of both branches of the General Assembly which shall not be increased or diminished during the period for which he shall have been elected nor shall he receive within that time any other emolument from the United States or either of them or from any foreign power The State officers required by this Constitution to be elected at the same time for the same term and in the same manner as the Governor shall also hold office for four years
Paragraph II Election for Governor The first election for Governor under this Constitution shall be held on Tuesday after the first Monday in November of 1946 and the Governorelect shall be installed in office at the next session of the General Assembly An election shall take place quadrennially thereafter on said date until another date be fixed by the General Assembly Said election shall be held at the places of holding general elections in the several counties of this State in the manner prescribed for the election of members of the General Assembly and the electors shall be the same
Paragraph III Returns of elections The returns for every election of Governor shall be sealed up by the managers separately from other returns and directed to the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives and transmitted to the Secretary of State who shall without opening said returns cause the same to be laid before the Senate on the day after the two houses shall have been organized and they shall be transmitted by the Senate to the House of Representatives
Paragraph IV How returns published The members of each branch of the General Assembly shall convene in the Represen
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tative Hall and the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives shall open and publish the returns in the presence and under the direction of the General Assembly and the person having the majority of the whole number of votes shall be declared duly elected Governor of this State but if no person shall have such majority then from the two persons having the highest number of votes who shall be in life and shall not decline an election at the time appointed for the General Assembly to elect the General Assembly shall immediately elect a Governor viva voce and in all cases of election of a Governor by the General Assembly a majority of the members present shall be necessary to a choice
Paragraph V Contested elections Contested elections shall be determined by both houses of the General Assembly in such manner as shall be prescribed by law
Paragraph VI Qualifications of Governor No person shall be eligible to the office of Governor who shall not have been a citizen of the United States fifteen years and a citizen of the State six years and who shall not have attained the age of thirty years
Paragraph VII Lieutenant Governor Succession to executive power There shall be a Lieutenant Governor who shall be elected at the same time for the same term and in the same manner as the Governor He shall be President of the Senate and shall receive the sum of 2000 per annum In case of the death resignation or disability of the Governor the Lieutenant Governor shall exercise the executive power and receive the compensation of the Governor until the next general election for members of the General Assembly at which a successor to the Governor shall be elected for the unexpired term but if such death resignation or disability shall occur within thirty days of the next general election or if the term will expire within ninety days after the next general election the Lieutenant Governor shall exercise the executive power and receive the compensation of the Governor for the unexpired term If
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the Lieutenant Governor shall become a candidate for the unexpired term of the Governor he shall thereby resign his office as Lieutenant Governor effective upon the qualification of the Governor elected for the unexpired term and his successor for the unexpired term shall be elected at such election In case of the death resignation or disability of both the Governor and the Lieutenant Governor the Speaker of the House of Representatives shall exercise the executive power until the removal of the disability or the election and qualification of a Governor at a special election which shall be held within sixty days from the date on which the Speaker of the House of Representatives shall assume the executive power A Lieutenant Governor shall be elected at the general election in 1946 and shall qualify at the same time as the Governor Until the qualification of a Lieutenant Governor the provisions of Article V Section I Paragraph VIII of the Constitution of Georgia of 1877 shall remain of full force and effect
Paragraph VIII Unexpired terms filling of The General Assembly shall have power to provide by law for filling unexpired terms by special elections except as provided in this Constitution
Paragraph IX Oath of office The Governor shall before he enters on the duties of his office take the following oath or affirmation I do solemnly swear or affirm as the case may be that I will faithfully execute the office of Governor of the State of Georgia and will to the best of my ability preserve protect and defend the Constitution thereof and the Constitution of the United States of America
Paragraph X Commanderinchief The Governor shall be commanderinchief of the army and navy of this State and of the militia thereof
Paragraph XI Reprieves and pardons State Board of Pardons and Paroles The Governor shall have power to suspend the execution of a sentence of death after conviction for of
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fenses against the State until the State Board of Pardons and Paroles hereinafter provided shall have an opportunity of hearing the application of the convicted person for any relief within the power of such Board or for any other purpose which may be deemed necessary by the Governor Upon conviction for treason the Governor may only suspend the execution of the sentence and report the case to the General Assembly at the next meeting thereof when the General Assembly shall either pardon commute the sentence direct its execution or grant a further reprieve The Governor shall at each session of the General Assembly communicate to that body each case of suspension of sentense stating the name of the convict the offense for which he was convicted the sentence and its date the date of the reprieve or suspension and the reasons for granting the same He shall take care that the laws are faithfully executed and shall be a conservator of the peace throughout the State There shall be a State Board of Pardons and Paroles composed of three members who shall be appointed by the Governor and confirmed by the Senate Appointments made at times when the Senate is not in session shall be effective ad interim The first members shall be appointed for terms of three five and seven years respectively to be designated by the Governor and all subsequent appointments shall be for a period of seven years except in case of an unexpired term The Governor shall not be a member of the State Board of Pardons and Paroles The members of the State Board of Pardons and Paroles shall each receive an annual salary of 500000 payable monthly The State Board of Pardons and Paroles shall have power to grant reprieves pardons and paroles to commute penalties remove disabilities imposed by law and may remit any part of a sentence for any offense against the State after conviction except in cases of treason or impeachment and except in cases in which the Governor refuses to suspend a sentence of death Provided that such board shall act on all applications within 90 days from the filing of same and in all cases a majority shall decide the action of the Board Except if any member for any
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cause is unable to serve in any case involving capital punishment the Governor shall act as the third member of said Board and the action so taken in such instance shall be by unanimous vote The State Board of Pardons and Paroles shall at each session of the General Assembly communicate to that body in full detail each case of pardon parole commutation removal of disabilities or remission of sentences granted stating the name of the convict the offense for which he was convicted the sentence and its date the date of the pardon parole commutation removal of disabilities or remission of sentence and the reasons for granting the same and the State Board of Pardons and Paroles may make rules and regulations as may be authorized by law The first Board of Pardons and Paroles under this provision may be those in office under an act of the General Assembly creating such a Board existing at the time of the adoption of this amendment which if so existing shall be in lieu of such a Board to be created by the General Assembly subsequent to the adoption of this amendment and which Board shall have all the rights privileges powers and duties the same as if it was so subsequently created and the terms of members of such Board shall date from the time specified in the existing Act of the General Assembly The General Assembly may enact laws in aid of but not inconsistent with this amendment
Paragraph XII Writs of election called sessions of the General Assembly The Governor shall issue writs of election to fill all vacancies that may happen in the Senate and the House of Representatives and shall give the General Assembly from time to time information of the State of the Commonwealth and recommend to their consideration such measures as he may deem necessary or expedient The Governor shall have power to convoke the General Assembly on extraordinary occasions but no law shall be enacted at called sessions of the General Assembly except such as shall relate to the object stated in his proclamation convening them Providing that such called sessions of the General Assembly shall not exceed 70 days in length unless at the expiration of said period there shall be
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pending an impeachment trial of some officer of the State Government in which event the General Assembly will be authorized to remain in session until such trial shall have been completed
Provided however that when threefifths of the members elected to the House of Representatives and threefifths of the members elected to the Senate shall have certified to the Governor of the State of Georgia that in their opinion an emergency exists in the affairs of the State of Georgia it shall thereupon be the duty of said Governor and mandatory upon him within five days from the receipt of such certificate or certificates to convene said General Assembly in extraordinary session for all purposes and in the event said Governor shall within said time Sundays excluded fail or refuse to convene said General Assembly as aforesaid then and in that event said General Assembly may convene itself in extraordinary session as if convened in regular session for all purposes provided that such extraordinary self convened session shall be limited to a period of 30 days unless at the expiration of said period there shall be pending an impeachment trial of some officer of the State Government in which event the General Assembly shall be authorized to remain in session until such trial shall have been completed
The members of the General Assembly shall receive the same per diem and mileage during such extraordinary session as is now or may be hereafter provided
Paragraph XIII Filling vacancies When any office shall become vacant by death resignation or otherwise the Governor shall have power to fill such vacancy unless otherwise provided by law and persons so appointed shall continue in office until a successor is commissioned agreeably to the mode pointed out by this Constitution or by laws in pursuance thereof
Paragraph XIV Appointments rejected A person once re
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jected by the Senate shall not be reappointed by the Governor to the same office during the same session or the recess thereafter
Paragraph XV Governors veto The Governor shall have the revision of all bills passed by the General Assembly before the same shall become laws but twothirds of each house may pass a law notwithstanding his dissent and if any bill should not be returned by the Governor within five days Sunday excepted after it has been presented to him the same shall be a law unless the General Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return He may approve any appropriation and disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill and the latter shall not be effectual unless passed by twothirds of each House
Paragraph XVI Governor to approve resolutions etc Every vote resolution or order to which the concurrence of both houses may be necessary except on a question of election or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor and before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be repassed by twothirds of each house provided however that nothing contained in this Article shall be construed to confer on the Governor the right to veto or enter his disapproval of any proposal made by the General Assembly to amend this Constitution
Paragraph XVII Information from officers and employees suspension of officers The Governor may require information in writing from Constitutional officers department heads and all State employees on any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices or employment The General Assembly shall have authority to provide by law for the suspension of any Constitutional officer or department head from the discharge of the duties of his office and also for the appointment of a suitable person to discharge the duties of the same
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Section II
Other Executive Officers
Paragraph I Executive Officers How Elected The Secretary of State Attorney General State School Superintendent Comptroller General Treasurer Commissioner of Agriculture and Commissioner of Labor shall be elected by the persons qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly at the same time and in the same manner as the Governor The provisions of the Constitution as to the transmission of the returns of the election counting the votes declaring the results deciding when there is no election and when there is a contested election applicable to the election of Governor shall apply to the election of the named executive officers they shall be commissioned by the Governor and hold their offices for the same time as the Governor
Paragraph II Duties Authority and Salaries of Other Executive Officers The General Assembly shall have power to prescribe the duties authority and salaries of the executive officers and to provide help and expenses necessary for the operation of the department of each
Paragraph III Profit From Use of Public Money No State official shall be allowed directly or indirectly to receive any fee interest or reward from any person bank or corporation for the deposit or use in any manner of the public funds and the General Assembly shall nforce this provision by suitable penalties
Paragraph IV Qualifications No person shall be eligible to the office of the Secretary of State Attorney General State School Superintendent Comptroller General Treasurer Commissioner of Agriculture and Commissioner of Labor unless he shall have been a citizen of the United States for ten years and shall
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have resided in this State for six years next preceding his election and shall be twentyfive years of age when elected All of said officers shall give bond and security under regulation to be prescribed by law for the faithful discharge of their duties
rQfrah V Fees and Perquisites Denied No State official named in Paragraph I of this Section shall be allowed any fee perquisite or compensation other than their salaries as me
fromlpbfeXCept theii nec BSW when Absent irom the seat of government on business for the State
Section III
Great seal what constitutes custody when affixed to instruments The great seal of the State shall be in the office of the Secretary of State and shall not be affixed to any instrument of writing except by order of the Governor or General Assembly and that now in use shall be the great seal of the State until otherwise provided by law
Section IV
Paragraph I Game and Fish Commission There is hereby created a State Game and Fish Commission Said Commission shall consist of one member from each Congressional District in this State and one additional member from one of the following named counties towit Chatham Bryan Liberty McIntosh Glynn or Camden The first members of the Commission shan consist of those in office at the time this Constitution is adopted with terms provided by law Thereafter all succeeding appointments shall be made by the Governor and coniirmed by the Senate for a term of seven years from the exE Previous term All members of the Commission
shall hold office until their successors are appointed and qualified Vacancies in office shall be filled by appointment of the Governor and submitted to the Senate for confirmation at the
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next session of the General Assembly after the making of the appointment
Commission shall have such powers authority duties and shall receive such compensation and expenses as may be delegated or provided for by the General Assembly
Section V
State Board of Corrections
Paragraph I State Board of Corrections How Composed Director There shall be a State Board of Corrections composed of five members m charge of the State Penal System The faPSfc Sar have such jurisdiction powers duties and control ot the State Penal System and the inmates thereof as shall be provided by law The Board shall elect a Director of Corrections who shall be the executive officer of the Board The
i10naS shU appointed by the Governor with the consent of the Senate The first appointment shall be for terms of one two three four and five years and their succesJ5 Sia11 bf appointed for terms of five years each The compensatmn of the Director and members of the Board shall be
Section VI
State Department of Veterans Service
Paragraph I Veterans Service Board How Composed Director There shall be a State Department of Veterans Service and Veterans Service Board composed of seven members who shall have such control duties powers and jurisdiction of the
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CONSTITUTION OP THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 5 Sec 6 Par 1
awSHPlRnty0fiiVeterns Service as shall be provided by law Said Board shall appoint a director who shall be the exe
fiCT uf ePartment Members of the Board shall
if aSpoiItei hy the Governor with the advice and consent of and all members of the Board and the IMrector engagedVeterans of some war in which the United States has
WSrSt PP0irltments shall be for terms of one two three jJ S1X and seven years Thereafter all terms and an
Vaac1esshaliebe filSfh Vacany sha11 be for seven years vacancies shall be filled by appointment of the Governor
ARTICLE VI J UDICIARY
Section I
thaSfvraPt h Courts Enumerated The judicial powers of neil ti Sha11 Vested in a Supreme Court a Court of AnM of OrdinaryJustice of the
and S blc who are exofficio Justices of the Peace
law Cr Courts as have been or may be established by
Section II
f5a5aph I Supreme Court Justices Quorum The Sunreme
associate Juftices S
K rS t y ma deem proper elect one of their memof rvfhT f dustlce ad ne as Presiding Justice the office k StlCu alt has heretofore existed under this Con
justcenJithnfierby COnirtedinto the office of an assodate J stice with the same right of incumbency and the Same suc
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cession as to terms as applied to the former office The Chief Justice so elected by the other Justices shall be the chief presiding and administrative officer of the court and the Presiding Justice elected in like manner shall perform all the duties devolving upon the Chief Justice when he is absent or disqualified A majority of the court shall constitute a quorum
Paragraph II Court to Designate Judges to Preside When Means for Supreme Court to Prevent Delay in Congested Dockets When one or more of the justices of the Supreme Court are disqualified from deciding any case by interest or otherwise the qualified Justices shall designate a judge or judges of the Superior Court to preside in said case provided that if all the justices are disqualified they or a majority of them shall despite their disqualifications select seven judges of the superior court to preside in the cause but they shall make such selections by lot and in open court from not less than twelve names of such superior court judges
Paragraph III Terms of Office The Justices aforesaid shall hold their offices for six years and until their successors are qualified They shall be elected by the people at the same time and in the same manner as members of the General Assembly provided that the successors to the two incumbents whose terms will expire on December 31 1946 shall be elected for the succeeding terms at the time of electing members of the General Assembly during that year successors to the two incumbents whose terms will expire on December 31 1948 shall be elected in like manner during that year successors to the two incumbents whose terms will expire on December 31 1950 shall be elected in like manner during that year and provided further that an additional or seventh Justice shall be immediately appointed by the Governor his tenure under such appointment to expire on December 31 1946 and his successor for the ensuing regular term of six years to be elected at the time and in the manner aforesaid at such general election to be held during that year and all terms except unexpired terms shall be for six years
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In case of any vacancy which causes an unexpired term the same shall be filled by executive appointment and the person appointed by the Governor shall hold his office until the next regular election and until his successor for the balance of the unexpired term shall have been elected and qualified The returns of such elections shall be made to the Secretary of State who shall certify the result to the Governor and commission shall issue accordingly
Paragraph IV Jurisdiction of Supreme Court The Supreme Court shall have no original jurisdiction but shall be a court alone for the trial and correction of errors of law from the superior courts and the city courts of Atlanta and Savannah as existed on August 16 1916 and such other like courts as have been or may hereafter be established in other cities in all cases that involve the construction of the Constitution of the State of Georgia or of the United States or of treaties between the United States and foreign governments in all cases in which the constitutionality of any law of the State of Georgia or of the United States is drawn in question and until otherwise provided by law in all cases respecting title to land in all equity cases in all cases which involve the validity of or the construction of wills in all cases of conviction of a capital felony in all habeas corpus cases in all cases involving extraordinary remedies in all divorce and alimony cases and in all cases certified to it by the Court of Appeals for its determination It shall also be competent for the Supreme Court to require by certiorari or otherwise any case to be certified to the Supreme Court from the Court of Appeals for review and determination with the same power and authority as if the case had been carried by writ of error to the Supreme Court Any case carried to the Supreme Court or to the Court of Appeals which belongs to the class of which the other court has jurisdiction shall until otherwise provided by law be transferred to the other court under such rules as the Supreme Court may prescribe and the cases so transferred shall be heard and determined by the court which has jurisdiction thereof The General
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CONSTITUTION OP THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 6 Sec 2 Par 4
Assembly may provide for carrying cases or certain classes of cases to the Supreme Court and the Court of Appeals from the trial courts otherwise than by writ of error and may prescribe conditions as to the right of a party litigant to have his case reviewed by the Supreme Court or Court of Appeals The Supreme Court shall also have jurisdiction of and shall decide cases transferred to it by the Court of Appeals because of an equal division between the judges of that Court when sitting as a body for the determination of cases
Paragraph V Cases how disposed of The Supreme Court and the Court of Appeals shall dispose of every case at the term for which it is entered on the courts docket for hearing as provided by Paragraph VIII of this Article and Section or at the next term If the plaintiff in error shall not be prepared to prosecute the case at the term for which it is so entered for hearing unless prevented by providential cause it shall be stricken from the docket and the judgment below shall stand affirmed No writ of error shall be dismissed because of delay in transmission of the bill of exceptions and the copy of the record or either of them resulting from the default of the clerk or other cause unless it shall appear that the plaintiff in error or his counsel caused such delay Nothing herein shall be construed to excuse the clerk for any ommission of duty or to relieve him of any liability resulting therefrom
Paragraph VI Judgments may be withheld In any case the Court may in its discretion withhold its judgment until the next term after the same is argued
Paragraph VII The Supreme Court how cases to be heard and determined The Supreme Court shall have power to hear and determine cases when sitting in a body under such regulations as may be prescribed by it
Paragraph VIII Court of Appeals The Court of Appeals shall consist of the Judges provided therefor by law at the
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CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 6 Sec 2 Par 8
time of the ratification of this amendment and of such additional Judges as the General Assembly shall from time to time prescribe All terms of the Judges of the Court of Appeals after the expiration of the terms of the Judges provided for by law at the time of the ratification of this amendment except unexpired terms shall continue six years and until their successors are qualified The times and manner of electing Judges and the mode of filling a vacancy which causes an unexpired term shall be the same as are or may be provided for by the laws relating to the election and appointment of Justices of the Supreme Court The Court of Appeals shall have jurisdiction for the trial and correction of errors of law from the superior courts and from the City Courts of Atlanta and Savannah as they existed on August 19 1916 and such other like courts as have been or may hereafter be established in other cities in all cases in which such jurisdiction has not been conferred by this Constitution upon the Supreme Court and in such other cases as may hereafter be prescribed by law except that where a case is pending in the Court of Appeals and the Court of Appeals desires instruction from the Supreme Court it may certify the same to the Supreme Court and thereupon a transcript of the record shall be transmitted to the Supreme Court which after having afforded to the parties an opportunity to be heard thereon shall instruct the Court of Appeals on the question so certified and the Court of Appeals shall be bound by the instruction so given But if by reason of equal division of opinion among the Justices of the Supreme Court no such instruction is given the Court of Appeals may decide the question The manner of certifying questions to the Supreme Court by the Court of Appeals and the subsequent proceedings in regard to the same in the Supreme Court shall be as the Supreme Court shall by its rules prescribe until otherwise provided by law No affirmance of the judgment of the court below in cases pending in the Court of Appeals shall result from delay in disposing of questions or cases certified from the Court of Appeals to the Supreme Court or as to which such certificate
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CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 6 Sec 2 Par 8
has been required by the Supreme Court as hereinbefore provided All writs of error in the Supreme Court or the Court of Appeals when received by its clerk during a term of the Court and before the docket of the term is by order of the Court closed shall be entered thereon and when received at any other time shall be entered on the docket of the next term and they shall stand for hearing at the term for which they are so entered under such rules as the Court may prescribe until otherwise provided by law the Court of Appeals shall appoint a clerk and a sheriff of the court The reporter of the Supreme Court shall be reporter of the Court of Appeals until otherwise provided by law The laws relating to the Supreme Court as to qualification and salaries of Judges the designation of other Judges to preside when members of the Court are disqualified the powers duties salaries fees and terms of officers the mode of carrying cases to the Court the powers practice procedure times of sitting and costs of the Court the publication of reports of cases decided therein and in all other respects except as otherwise provided in this Constitution or by the laws as to the Court of Appeals at the time of the ratification of this amendment and until otherwise provided by law shall apply to the Court of Appeals so far as they can be made to apply The decisions of the Supreme Court shall bind the Court of Appeals as precedents The Court of Appeals shall have power to hear and determine cases when sitting in a body except as may be otherwise provided by the General Assembly
In the event of an equal division of judges on any case when the Court is sitting as a body the case shall be immediately transferred to the Supreme Court
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CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 6 See 3 Par 1
Section III Superior Courts
Paragraph I Terms etc of Superior Court Judges There shall be a judge of the Superior Courts for each judicial circuit whose term of office shall be for four years and until his successor is qualified He may act in other circuits when authorized by law The legislature shall have authority to add one or more additional judges of the superior court for any judicial circuit in this State and shall have authority to regulate the manner in which the judges of such circuits shall dispose of the business thereof and shall fix the time at which the term or terms of office of such additional judge or judges shall begin and the manner of his appointment or election and shall have authority from time to time to add to the number of such judges in any judicial circuit or to reduce the number of judges in any judicial circuit provided that at all times there shall be at least one judge in every judicial circuit of this State
Paragraph II Elections when to be held The successors to the present and subsequent incumbents shall be elected by the electors of the whole State entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly at the general election held for such members next preceding the expiration of their respective terms
Paragraph III Terms begin when The terms of the judges to be elected under the Constitution except to fill vacancies shall begin on the first day of January after their elections Every vacancy occasioned by death resignation or other causes shall be filled by appointments of the Governor until the first day of January after the general election held next after the expiration of thirty days from time such vacancy occurs at which election a successor for the unexpired term shall be elected
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CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 6 Sec 4 Par 1
Section IV
Paragraph I Exclusive jurisdiction The Superior Courts shall have exclusive jurisdiction in cases of divorce in criminal cases where the offender is subjected to loss of life or confinement in the penitentiary in cases respecting titles to land and equity cases
Paragraph II Equity may be merged in common law courts The General Assembly may confer upon the Courts of common law all the powers heretofore exercised by Courts of equity in this State
Paragraph III General jurisdiction Said Courts shall have jurisdiction in all civil cases except as hereinafter provided
Paragraph IV Appellate jurisdiction They shall have appellate jurisdiction in all such cases as may be provided by law
Paragraph V Certiorari mandamus etc They shall have power to correct errors in inferior judicatories by writ of certiorari which shall only issue on the sanction of the Judge and said Courts and the judges thereof shall have power to issue writs of mandamus prohibition scire facias and all other writs that may be necessary for carrying their powers fully into effect and shall have such other powers as are or may be conferred on them by law
Paragraph VI New trials The Superior and City Courts may grant new trials on legal grounds
Paragraph VII Judgment of the court The Court shall render judgment without the verdict of a jury in all civil cases except actions ex delicto where no issuable defense is filed except as otherwise provided in this Constitution and subject to the right of trial by a jury on written demand of either party
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CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 6 Sec 4 Par 8
Paragraph VIII Sessions The Superior Courts shall sit in each county not less than twice in each year at such times as have been or may be appointed by law The judges of said Courts may on reasonable notice to the parties at any time vacation at chambers hear and determine by interlocutory or final judgment any matter or issue where a jury verdict is not required or may be waived
Paragraph IX Presiding judge disqualified The General Assembly may provide by law for the appointment of some proper person to preside in cases where the presiding judge is from any cause disqualified
Section V
Paragraph I Judges of superior and city courts may alternate when In any county within which there is or hereafter may be a city Court the Judge of said Court and of the Superior Court may preside in the Courts of each other in cases where the judge of either Court is disqualified to preside
Section VI
Paragraph I Appeals from Ordinary The powers of a Court of Ordinary and of Probate shall be vested in an Ordinary for each county from whose decision there may be an appeal or by consent of parties without a decision to the Superior Court under regulations prescribed by law
Paragraph II Powers The Courts of Ordinary shall have such powers m relation to roads bridges ferries public buildmgs paupers county officers county funds county taxes and other county matters as may be conferred on them by law
The Court of Ordinary shall have jurisdiction to issue warrants try cases and impose sentences thereon in all misdemeanor cases arising under the Act known as the Georgia
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 6 Sec 6 Par 2
State Highway Patrol Act of 1937 and other traffic laws and in all cases arising under the Compulsory School Attendance law in all counties of this State in which there is no city or county court provided the defendant waives a jury trial Like jurisdiction is also conferred upon the judges of the police courts of incorporated cities and municipal court judges for offense arising under the Act known as the Georgia State Highway Patrol Act of 1937 and other traffic laws of the State within their respective jurisdiction
Paragraph III Term of office The Ordinary shall hold his office for the term of four years and until his successor is elected and qualified
Section VII
Justices of the Peace
Paragraph f Number and Term of Office There shall be in each militia district one justice of the peace whose official term except when elected to fill an unexpired term shall be for four years Provided however that the General Assembly may in its discretion abolish justice courts and the office of justice of the peace and of notary public exofficio justice of the peace in any city of this State having a population of over twenty thousand and establish in lieu thereof such court or courts or system of courts as the General Assembly may in its discretion deem necessary conferring upon such new court or courts or system of courts when so established the jurisdiction as to subject matter now exercised by justice courts and by justices of the peace and notaries public exofficio justices of the peace together with such additional jurisdiction either as to amount or subjectmatter as may be provided by law whereof some other court has not exclusive jurisdiction under this Constitution together with such provision as to rules and pro
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CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 6 Sec 7 Par 1
cedure in such courts as to new trials and the correction of errors in and by said courts and with such further provision for the correction of errors by the Superior Court or Court of Appeals or the Supreme Court as the General Assembly may from time to time in its discretion provide or authorize Any court so established shall not be subject to the rules of uniformity laid down in Paragraph I of Section IX of Article VI of the Constitution of Georgia Provided however that the 2SKS1 semJly ay its discretion abolish justice courts the the office of justice of the peace and notary public exofficio justice of the peace in any county in this State having within rderS n cltyJjavi5g a Population of over twenty thousand W6i ln he Couilty of Glynn and establish in lieu A li h Crt curts or system of courts as the General Assembly may in its discretion deem necessary or conferring upon existing courts by extension of their jurisdiction as to Snf0Ct matter Jlow exercised by justice courts and by justices Peace and notaries public exofficio justices of the peace together with such additional jurisdiction either as to amount or to subjectmatter as may be provided by law whereof some other court has not exclusive jurisdiction under this Constituent together also with such provisions as to rules and procedure m such courts and as to new trials and the correction of in and hy said courts and with such further provision 9rthe correction of errors by the superior court or the Pmirt of Appeals or the Supreme Court as the General Assembly mav
court of Fulton County shall have jurisdiction in Fnlfnn outside the city limits of AtlantaeTtherconcurrently with or supplemental to or in lieu of justice courts as hereafter provided by law Any court so Established shall not be subject to the rules of uniformity laid down
S Georgia 1 f If f Article VI ConstitS
aPh II Jurisdiction Justices of the peace shall have
jurisdiction m all civil cases arising ex contractu and in cases
301
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 6 Sec 7 Par 2
of injury or damage to and conversion of personal property when the principal sum does not exceed two hundred dollars and shall sit monthly at fixed times and places but in all cases there may be an appeal to a jury in said court or an appeal to the Superior Court under such regulations as may be prescribed by law
Paragraph III Elections and commissions Justices of the peace shall be elected by the legal voters in their respective districts and shall be commissioned by the Governor They shall be removable on conviction for malpractice in office
Section VIII
Notaries Public
Paragraph I Appointment number term removal Commissioned notaries public not to exceed one for each militia district may be appointed by the judges of the superior courts In their respective circuits upon recommendation of the grand juries of the several counties They shall be commissioned by the Governor for the term of four years and shall be exofficio justices of the peace and shall be removable on conviction for malpractice in office
Section IX
Uniformity of Courts
Paragraph I Uniformity provided for Except as otherwise provided in this Constitution the jurisdiction powers proceedings and practice of all courts or officers invested with judicial powers except City Courts of the same grade or class so far
302
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 6 Sec 9 Par 1
as regulated by law and the force and effect of the process judgment and decree by such courts severally shall be uniform This uniformity must be established by the General Assembly and in case of City Courts may be established by the General Assembly
Section X
Attorney General
Paragraph I Election term of office There shall be an Attorney General of this State who shall be elected by the people at the same time for the same term and in the same manner as the Governor
Paragraph II Duties It shall be the duty of the Attorney General to act as the legal adviser of the Executive Department to represent the State in the Supreme Court in all Capital felonies and in all Civil and Criminal Cases in any Court when required by the Governor and to perform such other services as shall be required of him by law
Section XI
Solicitors General
Paragraph I Number term of office vacancies There shall be a solicitor general for each judicial circuit whose official term except to fill a vacancy shall be four years The successors of present and subsequent incumbents shall be elected by the electors of the whole State qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly at the general election held next pre
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 6 Sec 11 Par 1
ceding the expiration of their respective terras Every vacancy occasioned by death resignation or other cause shall be filled by appointment of the Governor until the first day of January after the general election held next after the expiration of 30 days from the time such vacancy occurs at which election a successor for the unexpired term shall be elected
Paragraph II Duties It shall be the duty of the Solicitor General to represent the State in all cases in the Superior Courts of his Circuit and in all cases taken up from the Superior Courts of his Circuit to the Supreme Court and Court of Appeals and to perform such other services as shall be required of him by law
Section XII
Salaries of Justices Judges and Solicitors General
Paragraph I Salaries of Justices Judges and Solicitors General The Justices of the Supreme Court each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 8000 per annum idle Judges of th Court of Appeals each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 8000 per annum the Judges of the Superior Courts each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 6000 per annum and the Solicitors General shall each have out of the treasury of the State a salary of 25000 per annum with the right of the General Assembly to authorize any county to supplement the salary of a judge of the Superior Court and Solicitor General of the Judicial Circuit in which such county lies out of county funds provided however where such salary is at the time of the adoption of this Constitution being supplemented out of county funds under existing laws such laws shall remain in force until altered by the General Assembly Provided further that the Board of County Commissioners of Richmond County or the Ordinary or such other board or person as may from time to time have charge of the fiscal affairs of said county shall without further legislative action continue to supplement from said
304
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 6 Sec 12 Par 1
Countys treasury the salary of the Judge of Superior Court of the circuit of which the said County of Richmond is a part by the sum of Two Thousand 2000 Dollars per annum which shall be in addition to the amount received by said judge out of the State treasury and such payments are declared to be a part of the court expenses of said County and such payment shall be made to the judge now in office during his present or subsequent terms as well as to his successors with the authority in the General Assembly to increase such salary from the County treasury as above provided
Paragraph II Powers to abolish or reinstate fees of Solicitor General The General Assembly shall have power at any time by a majority vote of each branch to abolish the fees at present accruing to the office of solicitor general in any particular judicial circuit and in lieu thereof to prescribe a salary for such office without regard to the uniformity of such salaries in the various circuits and shall have the further power to determine what disposition shall be made of the fines forfeitures and fees accruing to the office of solicitor general in any such judicial circuit where the fees are abolished and likewise shall have the further power if it so desires to abolish such salary and reestablish such fees but in either event when so changed the change shall not become effective until the end of the term to which the solicitor general was elected
Section XIII
Qualifications of Justices Judges Etc
Paragraph I Age citizenship practice of law No person shall be Justice of the Supreme Court Court of Appeals Judge of Superior Courts or Attorney General unless at the time of his election he shall have attained the age of thirty years
305
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA
Art 6 Sec 13 Par 1
and shall have been a citizen of the State three years and have practiced law for seven years and no person shall be hereafter elected Solicitor General unless at the time of his election he shall have attained twentyfive years of age shall have been a citizen of the State for three years and shall have practiced law for three years next preceding his election
Section XIV
Venue
Paragraph I Divorce cases Divorce cases shall be brought in the county where the defendant resides if a resident of this state if the defendant be not a resident of this state then in the county in which the plaintiff resides provided that any person who has been a resident of any United States Army Post or military reservation within the State of Georgia for one year next preceding the filing of the petition may bring an action for divorce in any county adjacent to said United States Army Post or military reservation
Paragraph II Land titles Cases respecting titles to land shall be tried in the county where the land lies except where a single tract is divided by a county line in which case the Superior Court of either county shall have jurisdiction
Paragraph III Equity cases Equity cases shall be tried in the county where a defendant resides against whom substantial relief is prayed
Paragraph IV Suits against joint obligors copartners etc Suits against joint obligors joint promissors copartners or joint trespassers residing in different counties may be tried in either county
306
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 6 Sec 14 Par 5
Paragraph V Suits against maker endorser etc Suits against the maker and endorser of promissory notes or drawer acceptor and endorser of foreign or inland bills of exchange or like instruments residing in different counties shall be brought in the county where the maker or acceptor resides
Paragraph VI All other cases All other civil cases shall be tried m the county where the defendant resides and all criminal cases shall be tried in the county where the crime was committed except cases in the Superior Courts where the Judge is satisfied that an impartial jury cannot be obtained in such county
Section XV
Change of Venue
Paragraph I Power to change venue The power to change the venue m civil and criminal cases shall be vested in the Superior Courts to be exercised in such manner as has been or shall be provided by law
Section XVI Jury Trial
Paragraph I Right of trial by jury The right of trial by jury except where it is otherwise provided in this Constitution shall remain inviolate but the General Assembly may prescribe any number not less than five to constitute a trial or traverse jury except in the Superior Court
Paragraph II Selection of jurors The General Assembly shall provide by law for the selection of the most experienced
307
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 6 Sec 16 Par 2
intelligent and upright men to serve as grand jurors and intelligent and upright men to serve as traverse jurors Nevertheless the grand jurors shall be competent to serve as traverse jurors The General Assembly shall have the power to require jury service of women also under such regulations as the General Assembly may prescribe
Paragraph III Compensation of jurors It shall be the duty of the General Assembly by general laws to prescribe the manner of fixing compensation of jurors in all counties in this State
Section XVII
County Commissioners
Paragraph I Power to create County Commissioners The General Assembly shall have power to provide for the creation of county commissioners in such counties as may require them and to define their duties
Section XVIII
What Courts May Be Abolished
Paragraph I Power to abolish courts All courts not specially mentioned by name in the first section of this Article may be abolished in any county at the discretion of the General Assembly
Paragraph II Supreme Court cost Pauper oath The cost in the Supreme Court and Court of Appeals shall not exceed 1500 until otherwise provided by law Plaintiffs in error shall not be required to pay costs in said courts when the usual pauper oath is filed in the court below
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 1 Par 1
ARTICLE VII
Finance Taxation and Public Debt Section I
Power of Taxation
Paragraph I Taxation a sovereign right The right of taxation is a sovereign rightinalienable indestructibleis ttie life of the State and rightfully belongs to the people in all Republican governments and neither the General Assembly nor any nor all other departments of the Government established by this Constitution shall ever have the authority to irrevocably give grant limit or restrain this right and all laws grants contracts and all other acts whatsoever by said government or any department thereof to affect any of these purposes shall be and are hereby declared to be null and void for every purpose whatsoever and said right of taxation shall always be under the complete control of and revocable by the otate notwithstanding any gift grant or contract whatsoever by the General Assembly
The power to tax corporations and corporate property shall not be surrendered or suspended by any contract or grant to which the State shall be a party
Paragraph II Taxing power limited
1 The General Assembly shall not by vote resolution or order grant any donation or gratuity in favor of any person corporation or association Provided however that the General Assembly is hereby authorized to provide by law for the payment of one hundred thousand dollars 10000000 to the first person firm partnership or corporation which puts down and brings in the first commercial oil well in the State of Georgia provided said commercial oil well shall be a well producing
309
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 1 Par 2
at least 250 barrels of oil per day as determined by State Geologist
2 The General Assembly shall not grant or authorize extra compensation to any public officer agent or contractor after the service has been rendered or the contract entered into
3 The levy of taxes on property for any one year by the General Assembly for all purposes except to provide for repelling invasions suppressing insurrections or defending the State in time of war shall not exceed five 5 mills on each dollar of the value of the property taxable in the State
4 No poll tax shall be levied to exceed one dollar annually upon each poll
Paragraph III Uniformity classification of property All taxes shall be levied and collected under general laws and for public purposes only All taxation shall be uniform upon the same class of subjects within the territorial limits of the authority levying the tax Classes of subjects for taxation of property shall consist of tangible property and one or more classes of intangible personal property including money The General Assembly shall have the power to classify property including money for taxation and to adopt different rates and different methods for different classes of such property
Paragraph IV Exemptions from taxation The General Assembly may by law exempt from taxation all public property places of religious worship or burial all institutions of purely public charity all intangible personal property owned by or irrevocably held in trust for the exclusive benefit of religious educational and charitable institutions no part of the net profit from the operation of which can inure to the benefit of any private person all buildings erected for and used as a college incorporated academy or other seminary of learning and also all funds or property held or used as endowment by such colleges incorporated academies or seminaries of learning pro
310
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 1 Par 4
vided the same is not invested in real estate and provided further that said exemptions shall only apply to such colleges incorporated academies or other seminaries of learning as are open to the general public provided further that all endowments to institutions established for white people shall be limited to white people and all endowments to institutions established for colored people shall be limited to colored people the real and personal estate of any public library and that of any other literary association used by or connected with such library all books and philosophical apparatus and all paintings and statuary of any company or association kept in a public hall and not held as merchandise or for purposes of sale or gain provided the property so exempted be not used for the purpose of private or corporate profit and income distributable to shareholders in corporations owning such property or to other owners of such property and any income from such property is used exclusively for religious educational and charitable purposes or for either one or more of such purposes and for the purpose of maintaining and operating such institution this exemption shall not apply to real estate or buildings other than those used for the operation of such institution and which is rented leased or otherwise used for the primary purpose of securing an income thereon and also provided that such donations of property shall not be predicated upon an agreement contract or otherwise that the donor or donors shall receive or retain any part of the net or gross income of the property The General Assembly shall further have power to exempt from taxation farm products including baled cotton grown in this State and remaining in the hands of the producer but not longer than for the year next after their production
All personal clothing household and kitchen furniture personal property used and included within the home domestic animals and tools and implements of trade of manual laborers but not including motor vehicles are exempted from all State County Municipal and School District ad valorem taxes in an amount not to exceed 30000 in actual value
311
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 1 Par 4
The homestead of each resident of Georgia actually occupied by the owner as a residence and homestead and only so long as actually occupied by the owner primarily as such but not to exceed 200000 of its value is hereby exempted from all ad valorem taxation for State county and school purposes except taxes levied by municipalities for school purposes and except to pay interest on and retire bonded indebtedness provided however should the owner of a dwelling house on a farm who is already entitled to homestead exemption participate in the program of rural housing and obtain a new house under contract with the local housing authority he shall be entitled to receive the same homestead exemption as allowed before making such contract The General Assembly may from time to time lower said exemption to not less than 125000 The value of all property in excess of the foregoing exemptions shall remain subject to taxation Said exemptions shall be returned and claimed in such manner as prescribed by the General Assembly The exemption herein provided for shall not apply to taxes levied by municipalities
All cooperative nonprofit membership corporations organized under the laws of this State for the purpose of engaging in rural electrification as defined in subsection 1 of Section 3 of the Act approved March 30 1937 providing for their incorporation and all of the real and personal property owned or held by such corporations for such purpose are hereby exempted from all taxation state county municipal school district and political or territorial subdivisions of the State having the authority to levy taxes The exemption herein provided for shall expire December 31 1961
There shall be exempt from all ad valorem intangible taxes in this State the common voting stock of a subsidiary corporation not doing business in this State if at least ninety per cent of such common voting stock is owned by a Georgia corporation with its principal place of business located in this State and was acquired or is held for the purpose of enabling the parent
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 1 Par 4
company to carry on some part of its established line of business through such subsidiary
All laws exempting property from taxation other than the property herein enumerated shall be void
Paragraph V Exemptions of certain industries continued Existing exemptions under the amendment to the Constitution providing for the exemption of certain industries from taxation appearing in Acts of the General Assembly of 1923 extra session page 67 ratified November 4 1924 shall continue of force until the expiration of the term for which granted
Section II
Purposes and Method of Taxation
Paragraph I Taxation how and for what purposes exercised The powers of taxation over the whole State shall be exercised by the General Assembly for the following purposes only
1 For the support of the State Government and the public institutions
2 For educational purposes
3 To pay the principal and the interest on the public debt and to provide a sinking fund therefor
4 To suppress insurrections to repel invasion and defend the State in time of war
5 To make provisions for the payment of pensions to extonfederate soldiers and to the widows of Confederate soldiers who were married to such soldiers prior to January 1 1920 and who are unmarried
6 To construct and maintain State buildings of State highways airports and docks
and a system
7 To make provision for the payment of oldage assistance to aged persons in need and for the payment of assistance to
313
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 2 Par 1
the needy blind and to dependent children and other welfare benefits provided that no person shall be entitled to the assistance herein authorized who does not qualify for such provisions in every respect in accordance with enactments of the General Assembly which may be in force and effect prescribing the qualifications for beneficiaries hereunder Provided no indebtedness against the State shall ever be created for the purpose herein stated in excess of the taxes lawfully levied each fiscal year under Acts of the General Assembly authorized hereunder for such purposes
8 To advertise and promote the agricultural industrial historic recreational and natural resources of the State of Georgia
9 For public health purposes
Paragraph II Teacher retirement systemtaxation for The powers of taxation may be exercised by the State through the General Assembly and by counties and municipalities for the purpose of paying pensions and other benefits and costs under a teacher retirement system or systems provided no indebtedness against the State shall ever be created for the purpose herein stated in excess of the taxes lawfully levied each fiscal year under Acts of the General Assembly authorized hereunder
Paragraph III Revenue to be paid into general fund All money collected from taxes fees and assessments for State purposes as authorized by revenue measures enacted by the General Assembly shall be paid into the General Fund of the State Treasury and shall be appropriated therefrom as required by this Constitution for the purposes set out in this Section and for these purposes only
Paragraph IV Tax returns of public utilities The General Assembly may provide for a different method and time of returns assessments payment and collection of ad valorem taxes of public utilities but not at a greater basis of value or at a higher rate of taxation than other properties
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 See 3 Par 1
Section III
State Debt
Paragraph I Purposes for which contracted No debt shall be contracted by or on behalf of the State except to supply such temporary deficit as may exist in the treasury in any year for necessary delay in collecting the taxes of that year to repel invasion suppress insurrection and defend the State in time of war or to pay the existing public debt but the debt created to supply deficiencies in revenue shall not exceed in the aggregate five hundred thousand dollars and any loan made for this purpose shall be repaid out of the taxes levied for the year in which the loan is made However said debt may be increased in the sum of three million five hundred thousand dollars for the payment of the public school teachers of the State only The principal amount borrowed for payment of teachers shall be repaid each year out of the common school appropriation and the interest paid thereon shall be paid each year out of the general funds of the State
Paragraph II Bonded debt increased when The bonded debt of the State shall never be increased except to repel invasion suppress insurrection or defend the State in time of war
Paragraph III Form of laws to borrow money All laws authorizing the borrowing of money by or on behalf of the State shall specify the purpose for which the money is to be used and the money so obtained shall be used for the purpose specified and for no other
Paragraph IV State aid forbidden The credit of the State shall not be pledged or loaned to any individual company corporation or association and the State shall not become a joint owner or stockholder in or with any individual company association or corporation
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 3 Par 5
Paragraph V Assumption of debts forbidden The State shall not assume the debt nor any part thereof of any county municipal corporation or political subdivision of the State unless such debt be contracted to enable the State to repel invasion suppress insurrection or defend itself in time of war Provided however that the amendment to the Constitution proposed by the General Assembly and set forth in the published Acts of the General Assembly of the year 1931 at page 97 which amendment was ratified on November 8 1932 and which amendment provided for the assumption by the State of indebtedness of the several counties of the State as well as that of the Coastal Highway District and the assessments made against the counties of said district for the construction and paving of the public roads or highways including bridges of the State under certain conditions and for the issuance of certificates of indebtedness for such indebtedness so assumed is continued of full force and effect until such indebtedness assumed by the State is paid and such certificates of indebtedness retired
Paragraph VI Profit on public money The receiving directly or indirectly by any officer of State or county or member or officer of the General Assembly of any interest profits or perquisites arising from the use or loan of public funds in his hands or moneys to be raised through his agency for State or county purposes shall be deemed a felony and punishable as may be prescribed by law a part of which punishment shall be a disqualification from holding office
Paragraph VII Certain bonds not to be paid The General Assembly shall have no authority to appropriate money either directly or indirectly to pay whole or any part of the principal or interest of the bonds or other obligations which have been pronounced illegal null and void by the General Assembly and the Constitutional amendments ratified by a vote of the people on the first day of May 1877 nor shall the General Assembly have authority to pay any of the obligations created
316
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 3 Par 7
by the State under laws passed during the late war between the States nor any of the bonds notes or obligations made and entered into during the existence of said war the time for the payment of which was fixed after the ratification of a treaty of peace between the United States and the Confederate States nor shall the General Assembly pass any law or the Governor or any other State official enter into any contract or agreement whereby the State shall be made a party to any suit in any court of this State or of the United States instituted to test the validity of any such bonds or obligations
Paragraph VIII Sale of States property to pay bonded debt The proceeds of the sale of the Western and Atlantic Railroad and any other property owned by the State whenever the General Assembly may authorize the sale of the whole or any part thereof shall be applied to the payment of the bonded debt of the State and shall not be used for any other purpose whatsoever so long as the State has any existing bonded debt provided that the proceeds of the sale of the Western and Atlantic Railroad shall be applied to the payment of the bonds for which said railroad has been mortgaged in preference to all other bonds
Paragraph IX State sinking fund The General Assembly shall raise by taxation each year in addition to the sum required to pay the public expenses such amounts as are necessary to interest on the public debt and the principal of the public debt maturing in such year and to provide a sinking fund to pay off and retire the bonds of the State which have not then matured The amount of such annual levy shall be determined after consideration of the amount then held in the sinking fund The taxes levied for such purposes and the said sinking fund shall be applied to no other purpose whatfunds in the said sinking fund may be invested in the bonds of the State and also in bonds and securities issued by the Federal Government and subsidiaries of the Federal Government fully guaranteed by that government If the said
317
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 3 Par 9
bonds are not available for purchase the funds in the sinking fund may be loaned by the Treasurer of the State with the approval of the Governor upon terms to be fixed by such officials and when amply secured by bonds of the State or Federal Government
Section IV
Taxation by Counties
Paragraph I Taxing power of counties The General Assent bly shall not have power to delegate to any county the right to levy a tax for any purpose except
1 To pay the expenses of administration of the county government
2 To pay the principal and interest of any debt of the county and to provide a sinking fund therefor
3 For educational purposes upon property located outside of independent school systems as provided in Article 8 of this Constitution
4 To build and repair the public buildings and bridges
5 To pay the expenses of courts the maintenance and support of prisoners and to pay sheriffs and coroners and for litigation
6 To build and maintain a system of county roads
7 For public health purposes in said county and for the collection and preservation of records of vital statistics
8 To pay county police
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CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 4 Par 1
9 To support paupers
10 To pay county agricultural and home demonstration agents
11 To provide for payment of old age assistance to aged persons in need and for the payment of assistance to needy blind and to dependent children and other welfare benefits provided that no person shall be entitled to the assistance herein authorized who does not qualify for such assistance in every respect in accordance with enactments of the General Assembly which may be in force and effect prescribing the qualifications for beneficiaries hereunder provided no indebtedness or liability against the county shall ever be created for the purpose herein stated in excess of the taxes lawfully levied each fiscal year under acts of the General Assembly authorized hereunder for such purposes
12 To provide for fire protection of forest lands and for the further conservation of natural resources
13 To provide medical or other care and hospitalization for the indigent sick people of the county
14 To acquire improve and maintain airports public parks and public libraries
15 To provide for workmens compensation and retirement or pension funds for officers and employees
16 To provide reasonable reserves for public improvements as may be fixed by law
Paragraph II Districting of counties The General Assembly may district the territory of any county outside the limits of incorporated municipalities for the purpose of providing systems of waterworks sewerage sanitation and fire protection
319
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 4 Par 2
and authorize such counties to levy a tax only upon the taxable property in such district for the purpose of constructing and maintaining such improvement
Section V
Paragraph I Taxing power and contributions of counties cities and political division restricted The General Assembly shall not authorize any county municipal corporation or political division of this State through taxation contribution or otherwise to become a stockholder in any company corporation or association or to appropriate money for or to loan its credit to any corporation company association institution or individual except for purely charitable purposes This restriction shall not operate to prevent the support of schools by municipal corporations within their respective limits
Section VI
Paragraph I Contracts for use of public facilities a The State state institutions any city town municipality or county of this State may contract for any period not exceeding fifty years with each other or with any public agency public corporation or authority now or hereafter created for the use by such subdivisions or the residents thereof of any facilities or services of the State state institutions any city town municipality county public agency public corporation or authority provided such contracts shall deal with such activities and transactions as such subdivisions are by law authorized to undertake
b Any city town municipality or county of this State is empowered in connection with any contracts authorized by the preceding paragraph to convey to any public agency public corporation or authority now or hereafter created existing facilities operated by such city town municipality or county
320
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA iArt 7 Sec 6 Par 1
wthK StS of residents of such subdivisions provided the land buildings and equipment so conveyed shall not be mort fggd r Pdged t0 secure obligations of any such pblk gency public corporation or authority and provided such facilities are to be maintained and operated by such public agency public corporation or authority for the same nurnoses for which such facilities were operated municipality or county Nothing in this section shall reSt the pleiigmg of revenues of such facilities by any public asrencv public corporation or authority y P agency
c Any city town municipality or county of this State nr
aSencimmhn f th Same may contract with any public agency public corporation or authority for the care main
artnof tPb cnnalf tiKr ft indiSent sick and mky as a part of such contract obligate itself to pay for the cost of
acquisition construction modernization or repairs of necessari buildings and facilities by such public agency public corpora authority and provide for the payment of such services
aSthorvnf t0 ft PUbHc agency Public cLporaS o noi f k u acquasitn construction modernization or reSv buildmgs and facilities from revenues realized by such
theySnstkutnC1Sf 1S Vrty frm any taxes authorized by other sources011 hlS S ate r revenues drived from any
Section VII
Limitation on County and Municipal Debts
nfiaragraph I Debts of counties and cities The debt here
diionthiPste county niunicipal corporation or politics fw State except as m this Constitution provide
never exceed seven per centum of the assessed valu of all the taxable property therein and no such county muni
321
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 7 Par 1
cipality or division shall incur any new debt except for a temporary loan or loans to supply casual dficiences of revenue not to exceed onefifth of one per centum of the assessed value of the taxable property therein without the assent of a majority of the qualified voters of the county municipality or other political subdivision voting in an election for that purpose to be held as prescribed by law and provided further that all laws charter provisions and ordinances heretofore passed or enacted providing special registration of the voters of counties municipal corporations and other political divisions of this State to pass upon the issuance of bonds by such counties municipal corporations and other political divisions are hereby declared to be null and void and the General Assembly shall hereafter have no power to pass or enact any law providing for such special registration but the validity of any and all bond issues by such counties municipal corporations or other political divisions made prior to January 1945 shall not be affected hereby provided that any county or municipality of this State may accept and use funds granted by the Federal Government or any agency thereof to aid in financing the cost of architectural engineering economic investigations studies surveys designs plans working drawings specifications procedures and other action preliminary to the construction of public works and where the funds so used for the purposes specified are to be repaid within a period of ten years
Paragraph II Levy of taxes to pay bonds Any county municipal corporation or political division of this State which shall incur any bonded indebtedness under the provisions of this Constitution shall at or before the time of so doing provide for the assessment and collection of an annual tax sufficient in amount to pay the principal and interest of said debt within thirty years from the date of the incurring of said indebtedness
Paragraph III Additional debt authorized when In addition to the debt authorized in Paragraph I of this section to be
322
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 7 Par 3
created by any county municipal corporation or political snh division of this State a debt may be incurred by any coun municipal corporation or political subdivision of this State in f seve per centum f the assessed value of all the
tiheemupon the follwing conditions Such additional debt whether incurred at one or more times shall
iexociiiintwagsegate theeper centam ass
vaiue of all the taxable property m such county municipalitv or political subdivision such additional debt shall be payable
nheirLrfrntSWlthin ihe five years next succeeding the issuance of the evidences of such debt there shall be levied
Sveriling authorities of such county municipalitv or political subdivision prior to the issuance of such additional
municfntlftv15011 a lr 5 talxabe ProPerty within such county r P Vtical subdivision collectible annually sufPay ful1 thif Principal and interest of such additional
froiiTifntfp df SUh tajsha11 e in addition to and separate irom all other taxes levied by such taxing authorities and the
heldCused anT suilh tax shaU be kept separate and shall be and J2 applied solely for the payment of the principal
ofnsac additional indebtedness authority to create
bv hthedrpniil mdebtedless shall first have been authorized y General Assembly the creation of such additional
regLeredvotere of ben firsj authorized by a vote of the S voters of such county municipality or political subdivision at an election held for such purpose pursuant to
of the tbenextin vvisions of this Constitution and
oi the then existing laws for the creation of a debt bv counties
municipal corporations and political subdivisions of this State
holdilJ and d1S1n mluding tbose for calling advertising holding and determining the result of such election and the
e necessary to authorize the creation of an indebtedness are hereby made applicable to an election held for the purpose of authorizing such additional indebtedness P PSe
allnwpdlfv in addGon the obligations hereinbefore allowed each county municipality political subdivision of the
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CONSTITUTION OP THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 See 7 Par 4
State authorized to levy taxes and county board of education is given the authority to make temporary loans between January 1st and December 31st in each year to pay expenses for such year upon the following conditions The aggregate amount of all such loans of such county municipality political subdivision or county Board of Education outstanding at any one time shall not exceed 75 of the total gross income of such county municipality political subdivision or county Board of Education from taxes collected by such county municipality political subdivision or County Board of Education in the last preceding year Such loans shall be payable on or before December 31st of the calendar year in which such loan is made No loan may be made in any year under the provisions of this paragraph when there is a loan then unpaid which was made in a prior year under the provisions of this paragraph Each such loan shall be first authorized by resolution fixing the terms of such loan adopted by a majority vote of the governing body of such county city political subdivision or county Board of Education at a meeting legally held and such resolution shall appear upon the minutes of such meeting No such county municipality subdivision or county Board of Education shall incur in any one calendar year an aggregate of such temporary loans and other contracts or obligations for current expenses in excess of the total anticipated revenue of such county municipality subdivision or county board of education for such calendar year or issue in one calendar year notes warrants or other evidences of such indebtedness in a total amount in excess of such anticipated revenue for such year
Paragraph V Revenue anticipation obligations Revenue anticipation obligations may be issued by any county municipal corporation or political subdivision of this State to provide funds for the purchase or construction in whole or in part of any revenueproducing facility which such county municipal corporation or political subdivision is authorized by the Act of the General Assembly approved March 31st 1937 known as the The Revenue Certificate Laws of 1937 as amended by the
324
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 7 Par 5
Act approval March 14 1939 to construct and operate or to provide funds to extend repair or improve any such existing facility and to buy construct extend operate and maintain gas or electric generating and distribution systems together with all necessary appurtenances thereof Such revenue anticipation obligations shall be payable as to principal and interest only from revenue produced by revenueproducing facilities of the issuing political subdivision and shall not be deemed debts of or to create debts against the issuing political subdivisions within the meaning of this paragraph or any other i s Constitution This authority shall apply only to revenue anticipation obligations issued to provide funds for the purchase construction extension repair or improvement of such facilities and undertakings as are specifically authorized and noftierae by said Act of 1937 as amended by said Act of 1939 and to buy construct extend operate and maintain gas or electric generating and distribution systems together with all necessary appurtenances thereof provided further any revenue certificates issued to buy construct extend operate and maintain gas or electric generating and distribution systems shall before being undertaken be authorized by a majority of those voting at an election held for the purpose in the county municipal corporation or political subdivision affected and provided further that a majority of the registered voters of such county municipal corporation or political subdivision affected shall vote in said election the election for such to be held m the same manner as is used in issuing bonds of such county municipal corporation or political subdivision and the elections shall be called and provided for by officers in charge of the fiscal affairs of said county municipal corporation or political subdivision affected and no such issuing political subdivision of the State shall exercise the power of taxation for the purpose of paying the principal or interest of any such revenue anticipation obligations or any part thereof
Provided that after a favorable election has been held as set forth above if municipalities counties or other political sub
325
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 7 Par 5
divisions shall purchase construct or operate such electric or gas utility plants from the proceeds of said revenue certificates and extend their services beyond the limits of the county in which the municipality or political subdivision is located then its services rendered and property located outside said coun y shall be subject to taxation and regulation as are privately owned and operated utilities
Paragraph VI Refunding bonds The General Assembly is hereby authorized to create a commission and to vest such commission with the power to secure all necessary information and to approve or disapprove the issuance of bonds for the purpose of refunding any bonded indebtedness of any county municipality or political subdivision of this State issued prior to the adoption of this Constitution including the authority to approve or disapprove the amount and terms of such refunding bonds together with such other powers as to the Gnrai Assembly may seem proper but not in conflict with the proviens of the Constitution Such refunding bonds shall be authorized only where such county municipality or political subdivision has not the funds available to meet the payment of outstanding bonded indebtedness through failure to levy and collect the required taxes or through failure to maintain the required sinking fund for such bonds The General Assembly may approve the issuance of the said refunding bonds under the conditions stated Such refunding bonds shall not together with all other outstanding bonded indebtedness exceed the limits fixed by this Constitution for the maximum amount of bonded indebtedness which may be issued by such county municipality or political subdivision and shall be otherwise governed by all of the terms and provisions of this Constitution No bonds shall be issued under this paragraph to refund any bonds issued after the adoption of this Constitution
Paragraph VII Refunding bonds to reduce bonded indebtedness The General Assembly is further authorized to give to the said Commission the power and authority to approve or disapprove the issuance of bonds to refund any outstanding
326
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 7 Par 7
bonded indebtedness of any county municipality or political subdivision now or hereafter issued for the purpose of reducing the amount payable principal or interest on such bonded indebtedness and upon the conditions that the issuance of such refunding bonds will reduce the amounts payable upon such outstanding bonds principal or interest Such refunding bonds shall replace such outstanding bonded indebtedness The said Commission shall have the authority to approve or disapprove the terms of any such proposed refunding bonds The General Assembly may authorize the issuance of such refunding bonds issued for the said purpose when approved by the said Commission and authorized by the governing authority of such county municipality or subdivision without an election by the qualified voters as otherwise required but in all other respects such refunding bonds shall comply with the provisions of this Constitution
Section VIII
Paragraph I Sinking funds for bonds All amounts collected from any source for the purpose of paying the principal and interest of any bonded indebtedness of any county municipality or subdivision and to provide for the retirement of such bonded indebtedness above the amount needed to pay the principal and interest on such bonded indebtedness due in the year of such collection shall be placed in a sinking fund to be held and used to pay off the principal and interest of such bonded indebtedness thereafter maturing
The funds in such sinking fund shall be kept separate and apart from all other moneys of such county municipality or subdivision and shall be used for no purpose othan than that above stated The moneys in such sinking fund may be invested and reinvested by the governing authorities of such county municipality or subdivision or by such other authority as has been created to hold and manage such sinking fund in the
327
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 8 Par 1
bonds of such county municipality or subdivision and in bonds or obligations of the State of Georgia of the counties and cities thereof and of the government of the United States of subsidiary corporations of the Federal Government fully guaranteed by such government and no other Any person or persons violating the above provisions shall be guilty of malpractice in office and shall also be guilty of misdemeanor and shall be punished when convicted as prescribed by law for the punishment of misdemeanors until the General Assembly shall make other provisions for the violation of the terms of this paragraph
Section IX Appropriation Control
Paragraph I Preparation and submission of General Appropriation Bill The Governor shall submit to the General Assembly within fifteen days after its organization a budget message accompanied by a draft of a General Appropriation Bill which shall provide for the appropriation of the funds necessary to operate all the various departments and agencies and to meet the current expenses of the State for the ensuing fiscal year
Paragraph II Continuation of General Appropriation Act Each General Appropriation Act with such amendments as are adopted from time to time shall continue in force and effect for each fiscal year thereafter until repealed or another General Appropriation Act is adopted provided however that each section of the General Appropriation Act in force and effect on the date of the adoption of this Constitution of general application and pertaining to the administration limitation and restriction on the payment of appropriations and
328
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 9 Par 2
each section providing for appropriation of Federal Grants and other continuing appropriations and adjustments on appropriations shall remain in force and effect until specifically and separately repealed by the General Assembly
Paragraph III Other or supplementary appropriations In addition to the appropriations made by the General Appropriation Act and amendments thereto the General Assembly may make additional appropriations by Acts which shall be known as supplementary appropriation Acts provided no such supplementary appropriation shall be available unless there is an unappropriated surplus in the State Treasury or the revenue necessary to pay such appropriation shall have been provided by a tax laid for such purpose and collected into the General Fund of the State Treasury Neither House shall pass a Supplementary Appropriation Bill until the General Appropriation Act shall have been finally adopted by both Houses and approved by the Governor
Paragraph IV Appropriations to be for specific sums The appropriation for each department officer bureau board commission agency or institution for which an appropriation is made shall be for a specific sum of money and no appropriation shall allocate to any object the proceeds of any particular tax or fund or a part or percentage thereof
Paragraph V Appropriations void when Any appropriation made in conflict with either of the foregoing provisions shall be void
Section X
Paragraph I Existing amendments continued of force Amendments to the Constitution of the State of Georgia of 1877 in effect at the date of the ratification by the voters of the State of this Constitution shall continue of full force and effect after the ratification of this Constitution where such
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 7 Sec 10 Par 1
amendments are of merely local and not general application including the amendments pertaining to the Coastal Highway District of this State There is also continued under this provision in force and effect amendments to the Constitution of 1877 applicable to counties and cities having a population in excess of a number stated in such amendments and amendments applicable to counties having a city wholly or partly therein with a population in excess of or not less than a number stated in such amendment and amendments applicable to cities lying in two counties where such amendments are in force and effect at the time of the ratification of this Constitution Provided the amendment of Paragraph I of Section II of Article XI of the Constitution of 1877 proposed by Georgia Laws 1943 page 53 and ratified August 3 1943 authorizing election by the people of the County Board of Education of Spalding County prescribing rules of eligibility of members of the Board providing for election by the Board of the County Superintendent of Schools shall not be continued of force
ARTICLE VIII
Education
Section I
Paragraph I System of common schools free tuition separation of races The provision of an adequate education for the citizens shall be a primary obligation of the State of Georgia the expense of which shall be provided for by taxation Separate schools shall be provided for the white and colored races
330
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 8 Sec 2 Par 1
Section II
Paragraph I State Board of Education method of appointment There shall be a State Board of Education composed of one member from each Congressional District in the State who shall be appointed by the Governor by and with the advice and consent of the Senate The Governor shall not be a member of the State Board of Education The first State Board of Education under this Constitution shall consist of those in office at the time this Constitution is adopted with the terms provided by law Thereafter all succeeding appointments shall be for seven year terms from the expiration of the previous term Vacancies upon said Board caused by expiration of term of office shall be similarly filled by appointment and confirmation In case of a vacancy on said Board by death resignation or from any other cause other than the expiration of such members term of office the Board shall by secret ballot elect his successor who shall hold office until the end of the next session of the General Assembly or if the General Assembly be then in session to the end of that session During such session of the General Assembly the Governor shall appoint the successor member of the Board for the unexpired term and shall submit his name to the Senate for confirmation All members of the Board shall hold office until their successors are appointed and qualified The members of the State Board of Education shall be citizens of this State who shall have resided in Georgia continuously for at least five years preceding their appointment No person employed in a professional capacity by a private or public education institution or by the State Department of Education shall be eligible for appointment or to serve on said Board No person who is or has been connected with or employed by a school book publishing concern shall be eligible to membership on the Board and if any person shall be so connected or employed after becoming a member of the Board his place shall immediately become vacant The said State Board of Education shall have such powers and duties as provided by law and existing at the time of the adoption of this
331
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 8 Sec 2 Par 1
Constitution together with such further powers and duties as may be hereafter provided by law
Section III
Paragraph I State School Superintendent election term etc There shall be a State School Superintendent who shall be the executive officer of the State Board of Education elected at the same time and in the same manner and for the same term as that of the Governor The State School Superintendent shall have such qualifications and shall be paid such compensation as may be fixed by law No member of said Board shall be eligible for election as State School Superintendent during the time for which he shall have been appointed
Section IV
Paragraph I University System of Georgia Board of Regents There shall be a Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia and the government control and management of the University System of Georgia and all of its institutions in said system shall be vested in said Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia Said Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia shall consist of one member from each Congressional District in the State and five additional members from the StateatLarge appointed by the Governor and confirmed by the Senate The Governor shall not be a member of the said Board The first Board of Regents under this Constitution shall consist of those in office at the time this Constitution is adopted with the terms provided by law Thereafter all succeeding appointments shall be for seven year terms from the expiration of the previous term Vacancies upon said Board caused by expiration of term of office shall be similarly filled by appointment and confirmation In case of a vacancy on said Board by death resignation of a member or from any other cause other than the expiration of such mem
332
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 8 See 4 Par 1
bers term of office the Board shall by secret ballot elect his successor who shall hold office until the end of the next session of the General Assembly or if the General Assembly be then in session to the end of that session During such session of the General Assembly the Governor shall appoint the successor member of the Board for the unexpired term and shall submit ms name to the Senate for confirmation All members of the Board of Rgents shall hold office until their successors are aJlyme The said Board of Regents of the University System oi Georgia shall have the powers and duties as provided by law existing at the time of the adoption of this Constitution together with such further powers and duties as may be hereafter provided by law
Section V
Paragraph I County System Board of Education election term etc Authority is granted to Counties to establish and maintain public schools within their limits Each County exclusive of any independent school system now in existence in a County shall compose one school district and shall be confined to the controi and management of a County Board of Education V1 Grand Jury of each County shall select from the citizens ot their respective Counties five freeholders who shall constitute the County Board of Education Said member shall be elected for the term of five years except that the first election ot Board members under this Constitution shall be for such terms that will provide for the expiration of the term of one member of the County Board of Education each year In case ot a vacancy on said Board by death resignation of a member or irom any other cause other than the expiration of such member s term of office the Board shall by secret ballot elect his successor who shall hold office until the next Grand Jurv convenes at which time said Grand Jury shall appoint the successor member of the Board for the unexpired term The members of the County Board of Education of such County
333
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 8 See 5 Par 1
shall be selected from that portion of the County not embraced within the territory of an independent school district
The General Assembly shall have authority to make provision for local trustees of each school in a county system and confer authority upon them to make recommendations as to budgets and employment of teachers and other authorized employees
Section VI
Paragraph I County School Superintendent election term etc There shall be a County School Superintendent who shall be the executive officer of the County Board of Education He shall be elected by the people and his term of office shall be for four years and run concurrently with other county officers The qualifications and the salary of the County School Superintendent shall be fixed by law
Section VII
Paragraph I Independent systems continued new systems prohibited Authority is hereby granted to municipal corporations to maintain existing independent school systems and support the same as authorized by special or general law and such existing systems may add thereto colleges No independent school system shall hereafter be established
Section VIII
Paragraph I Meetings of Boards of Education All official meetings of County Boards of Education shall be open to the public
334
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 8 Sec 9 Par 1
Section IX
Paragraph I Contracts for care of pupils County Boards of Education and independent school systems may contract with each other for the education transportation and care of pupils
Section X
Paragraph I Certain systems protected Public schools systems established prior to the adoption of the Constitution of 1877 shall not be affected by this Constitution
Section XI
Paragraph I Grants bequests and donations permitted The State Board of Education and the Regents of the University System of Georgia may accept bequests donations and grants of land or other property for the use of their respective systems of education
Paragraph II Grants bequests and donations to county Boards of Education and independent school systems County Boards of Education and independent school systems may accept bequests donations and grants of land or other property for the use of their respective systems of education
Section XII
Paragraph I Taxation by counties for education The fiscal authority of the several Counties shall levy a tax for the support and maintenance of education not less than five mills nor greater than fifteen mills as recommended by the County Board of Education upon the dollar of all taxable property in tne County located outside independent school systems The independent school system of Chatham County and the City
335
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 8 Sec 12 Par 1
of Savannah being coextensive with said County the levy of said tax shall be on all property in said County as recommended by the governing body of said system
ARTICLE IX
Homesteads and Exemptions Section I
Paragraph I Amount of homestead and exemptions There is hereby exempt from levy and sale by virtue of any process whatever under the laws of this State the property of every head of a family or guardian or trustee of a family of minor children or every aged or infirm person or person having the care and support of dependent females of any age who is not head of a family realty or personalty or both to the value in the aggregate of sixteen hundred dollars and the General Assembly shall have authority to provide the manner of exempting said property the sale alienation and encumbrance thereof and to provide for the waiver of said exemption by the debtor
Paragraph II Homestead and exemption laws continued The laws now of force with respect to homestead and exemptions shall remain in full force until changed by law
ARTICLE X
Militia Section I
Paragraph I Organization of Militia A well regulated militia being essential to the peace and security of the State the General Assembly shall have authority to provide by law how
336
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 10 Sec 1 Par 1
the militia of this State shall be organized officered trained armed and equipped and of whom it shall consist
Paragraph II Volunteers The General Assembly shall have power to authorize the formation of volunteer companies and to provide for their organization into battalions regiments brigades divisions and corps with such restrictions as may be prescribed by law and shall have authority to arm and equip the same
Paragraph III Pay of militia and volunteers The officers and men of the militia and volunteer forces shall not be entitled to receive any pay rations or emoluments when not in active service by authority of the State
ARTICLE XI
Counties and Municipal Corporations Section I
Paragraph I Counties a corporate body boundaries Each county shall be a body corporate with such powers and limitations as may be prescribed by law All suits by or against a county shall be m the name thereof and the metes and bounds ol the several counties shall remain as now prescribed by law unless changed as hereinafter provided
Parairph II Number limited There shall not be more than one hundred and fiftynine counties in this State
Paragraph III New counties permitted when No new county shall be created except by the consolidation or merger of existing counties
Paragraph IV Consolidation of counties method The Gen
337
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 11 Sec 1 Par 4
eral Assembly shall have power with the concurrence of twothirds of the qualified voters of each of the counties to be affected who participate in elections held for that purpose to provide for the consolidation of two or more counties into one or the merger of one or more counties into another or the division of a county and the merger of portions thereof into other counties
Paragraph V Dissolution of counties method Any county may be dissolved and merged with a contiguous county or counties by twothirds of the qualified voters of each of the counties affected who participate in elections held for that purpose
Paragraph VI County governments uniform exceptions Whatever tribunal or officers may be created by the General Assembly for the transaction of county matters shall be uniform throughout the State and of the same name jurisdiction and remedies except that the General Assembly may provide for Commissioners of Roads and Revenues in any county may abolish the office of County Treasurer in any county may fix the compensation of County Treasurers and may consolidate the offices of Tax Receiver and Tax Collector in the office of Tax Commissioner and may fix his compensation without respect to uniformity
Paragraph VII Consolidation of governments submission to voters The General Assembly may provide by general law optional systems of consolidated county and municipal government providing for the organization and the powers and duties of its officers Such optional systems shall become effective when submitted to the qualified voters of such county and approved by a majority of those voting
Paragraph VIII County lines County lines shall not be changed unless under the operation of a general law for that purpose
338
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 11 See 1 Par 9
Paragraph IX County sites changed method No county site shall be changed or removed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the county voting at an election held for that purpose and by a majority vote of the General Assembly
Section II
Paragraph I County officers election term removal eligibility The county officers shall be elected by the qualified voters of their respective counties or districts and shall hold their office for four years They shall be removed upon conviction for malpractice in office and no person shall be eligible for any of the offices referred to in this paragraph unless he shall have been a resident of the county for two years and is a qualified voter
Paragraph II Compensation of county officers County officers may be on a fee basis salary basis or fee basis supplemented by salary in such manner as may be directed by law
ARTICLE XII
The Laws of General Operation in Force in This State Section I
Paragraph I Supreme law The laws of general operation in this State are first As the Supreme law The Constitution of the United States the laws of the United States in pursurance thereof and all treaties made under the authority of the United States
Paragraph II Second in authority Second As next in authority thereto This Constitution
339
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 12 Sec 1 Par 3
Paragraph III Third in authority Third In subordination to the foregoing All laws now of force in this State not inconsistent with this Constitution shall remain of force until the same are modified or repealed by the General Assembly
Paragraph IV Local and private acts Local and private acts passed for the benefit of counties cities towns corporations and private persons not inconsistent with the Supreme law nor with this Constitution and which have not expired nor been repealed shall have the force of Statute law subject to judicial decision as to their validity when passed and to any limitations imposed by their own terms
Paragraph V Proceedings of courts confirmed All judgments decrees orders and other proceedings of the several courts of this State heretofore made within the limits of their several jurisdictions are hereby ratified and affirmed subject only to reversal by motion for a new trial appeal bill of review or other proceedings in conformity with the law of force when they were made
Paragraph VI Existing officers The officers of the Government now existing shall continue in the exercise of their several functions until their successors are duly elected or appointed and qualified But nothing herein is to apply to any officer whose office may be abolished by this Constitution
ARTICLE XIII
Amendments to the Constitution Section I
Paragraph I Proposed by General Assembly submission to people Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution
340
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 13 Sec 1 Par 1
may be proposed in the Senate or House of Representatives and if the same shall be agreed to by twothirds of the members elected to each of the two houses such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on their journals with the yeas and nays taken thereon The General Assembly shall cause such amendment or amendments to be published in one or more newspapers in each Congressional District for two months previous to the time of holding the next general election at which election members of the General Assembly are chosen and if such proposed amendment directly affects only one or more political subdivisions of the State then it shall also be advertised in the area to be directly affected thereby and shall also provide for a submission of such proposed amendment or amendments to the people at said next general election and if the people shall ratify such amendment or amendments by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment or amendments shall become a part of this Constitution provided that if the proposed amendment is not one that directly affects the whole State but only one or more subdivisions thereof said amendment shall not become a part of this Constitution unless it receive both a majority of the electors qualified to vote voting thereon in the State as a whole and also a majority of the electors qualified to vote voting thereon in the particular subdivision of subdivisions affected When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately
Paragraph II Convention how called No convention of the people shall be called by the General Assembly to revise amend or change this Constitution unless by the concurrence of twothirds of all members of each house of the General Assembly I he representation in said convention shall be based on population as near as practicable This Constitution shall not be revised amended or changed by the Convention until the proposed revision amendment or change has been submitted and ratilied by the people in the manner provided for submission
341
CONSTITUTION OP THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 13 Sec 1 Par 2
and ratification of amendments proposed by the General Assembly
Paragraph III Veto not permitted The Governor shall not have the right to veto any proposal by the General Assembly to amend the Constitution
ARTICLE XIV Merit System
Section I
Paragraph I State Personnel Board A nonsalaried State Personnel Board comprised of three citizens of this State of known interest in the improvement of public administration shall administer a State Merit System under which state personnel shall be selected jon a basis of merit fitness and efficiency according to law The members of the State Personnel Board shall be appointed by the Governor with the advice of the Senate The first members shall be appointed for terms of three five and seven years respectively the terms to be designated by the Governor All subsequent appointments shall be for a period of seven years except unexpired terms No State official or employee shall be a member of the State Personnel Board
Paragraph II Retirement System Appropriation The General Assembly is authorized to establish an actuarially sound retirement system for employees under a merit system Adequate appropriations shall be provided for the operation of a merit system and the State Personnel Board
342
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 15 Sec 1 Par 1
ARTICLE XV
Home Rule Section I
Paragraph I Uniform systems of county and municipal government The General Assembly shall provide for uniform systems of county and municipal government and provide for optional plans of both and shall provide for systems of initiative referendum and recall in some of the plans for both county and municipal governments The General Assembly shall provide a method by which a county or municipality may select one of the optional uniform systems or plans or reject any or all proposed systems or plans
Method of Submission Section II
That when this amendment shall have been agreed to by twothirds of the members elected to each of the two Houses of the General Assembly the same shall be entered on their journals with the ayes and nays taken thereon and shall be published and submitted to the people for ratification or rejection as one single amendment to the Constitution at the next General Election in August 1945 as provided by law Those voting in favor of the ratification of the amendment herein proposed shall have written or printed on their ballots the words for the amendment revising the Constitution Those voting against the ratification of the amendment herein proposed shall have written or printed on their ballots the words against the amendment revising the Constitution If a majority of those voting vote
343
CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF GEORGIA Art 15 Sec 2
for the amendment revising the Constitution when the results are certified to the Governor he shall proclaim the amendment revising the Constitution of 1877 as the revised Constitution of Georgia
344
I95S
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7 8 9 10 11 12 13 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
28 29 30 31 27 28 29 30 31 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
SB 30
FEBRUARY JUNE OCTOBER
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MARCH JULY NOVEMBER
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1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
18 19 20 21 22 23 24 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
25 26 27 28 29 30 31 29 30 31 25 26 27 28 29 30
APRIL AUGUST DECEMBER
S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S
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8 9 10 11 12 13 14 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
15 16 17 18 19 20 21 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
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29 30 26 27 28 29 30 31 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
30 31
1952
JANUARY MAY SEPTEMBER
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6 7 8 9 10 11 12 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
20 21 22 23 24 25 26 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
27 28 29 30 31 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 28 29 30
FEBRUARY JUNE OCTOBER
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1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
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MARCH JULY NOVEMBER
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23 30 24 31 25 26 27 28 29 27 28 29 30 31 23 30 24 25 26 27 28 29
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M T W T P
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27 28 29 30 K 31 28 29 30 31