Manual of the General Assembly of the state of Georgia, 1931-1933

THE LIBRARY OF
THE UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
MANUAL
OF THE
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
The State of Georgia
19311933
BY
JOHN T BOIFEUILLET
Secretary of the Senate AND
ANDREW J KINGERY
Clerk of the House of Representatives
193 i
Stein Printing Company State Printers Atlanta Ga
MAR 1 850
STATE OF GEORGIA
EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT
RICHARD BREVARD RUSSELL JRGovernor
LEEMAN ANDERSONPrivate Secretary to Governor
ISAAC H HAYExecutive Secretary to Governor
WILLIAM B HARRISONComptrollerGeneral and ExOfficio
Insurance Commissioner
JOHN B WILSONSecretary of State and ExOfficio
Motor Vehicle Commissioner
WILLIAM J SPEER State Treasurer
GEORGE M NAPIERAttorneyGeneral
MELL L DUGGANState Superintendent of Schools
CHARLES HARMAN COXAdjutantGeneral
EUGENE TALMADGECommissioner of Agriculture
A M STEADChief Drug Inspector
JAMES CLOUD THRASHERChief Food Inspector
C REYNOLDS CLARKState Chemist
M S YEOMANSState Entomologist
JAMES MACK SUTTONState Veterinarian
ARTHUR D JONESDirector Bureau of Markets
ALBERT BURTON MOBLEYState Superintendent of Banks
HAL M STANLEYCommissioner of Commerce and Labor and
ExOfficio Chairman Industrial Commission
PETER S TWITTYState Game and Fish Commissioner
DR THOMAS FRANKLIN ABERCROMBIECommissioner of Health
JOHN WILLIAM BARNETTChairman State Highway Board
BEVERLY WHEATCROFTExecutive Secretary Library Commission
JOHN JAMES HUNTCommissioner of Pensions
JOSEPHUS CAMPSuperintendent of Public Printing
JUDGE EUGENE LEIGH RAINEYChairman Prison Commission
JAMES ARCHIBALD PERRYChairman Public Service Commission ROBERT EUGENE MATHESONCommissioner of Revenue and
Keeper of Public Buildings
LILLIAN HENDERSON Acting Superintendent Georgia
Soldiers Roster Commission
MATT C BENNETChief Examiner Securities Commission
TOM WISDOMIState Auditor
BURLEY M LUFBURROWState Forester
SAMUEL W McCALLIEState Geologist
RUTH BLAIRState Historian
ELLA MAY THORNTONState Librarian
ROBERT C NORMANgState Tax Commissioner
J G C BLOODWQRp0 ttrplsector Veterans Service Office JAMES PERRY IAULKNER Soowatary Board of Public Welfare
OFFICERS
OF THE
SENATE
19311933
W CECIL NEILL Twentyfourth DistrictPresident
Muscogee County
GUY D JACKSON Fourteenth DistrictPresident Pro Tem Bleckley County
JOHN T BOIFEUILLET Secretary
Bibb County
Wm HENDERSON Messenger
Irwin County
A P GRIFFINDoorkeeper
DeKalb County
JOHN H McINTOSHReading Clerk
Elbert County
W E ANDREWSj Journal Clerk
DeKalb County
J A LUTTRELLCalendar Clerk
Harris County
HENRY N NEVINMessage Clerk
Fulton County

MEMBERS
OF THE
SENATE OF GEORGIA
19311933
Alphabetically Arranged According to Names Name District Postoffice
Adkins W T
Alexander A C
Beck I H P
Bennett John W
Brock Ben T
Cheatham John H Clements James B
Courson Sewell
Davis Dr Jeff
Dekle Elmer E
Denton W L
Duckworth W H
Ennis J Howard
Evans John C
Fowler Alpha A
Hand F B
Harris Roy V
Horn J L
Jackson Guy D
Johnson M L
Jones Louie E
Knabb L
Langford H G
Lazenby W S
Martin D F
Moore L L
McKenzie C M
McWhorter Hamilton
Neill W C
Neisler C H
Nix J Morgan
Nelson J W
North N L
Perkins Walter C
Peterson Hugh Jr Pratt N A
Ninth DistrictEdison
TwentyFifth DistrictWaverly Hall
ThirtySeventh DistrictBowdon
Fifth DistrictWaycross
FortyFourth District Trenton
TwentySixth DistrictGriffin
FortyFifth DistrictIrwinville
Sixteenth DistrictSoperton
ThirtyFirst DistrictToccoa
Sixth DistrictValdosta
ThirtyEighth District Dallas
Seventh DistrictCairo
Twentieth DistrictMilledgeville
Nineteenth DistrictWarrenton
ThirtyNinth DistrictDouglasville
Eighth DistrictPelham
Eighteenth DistrictLouisville
Twelfth DistrictPreston
Fourteenth DistrictCochran
FortySecond DistrictCass Station
FiftyFirst DistrictAlpharetta
Fourth DistrictMoniac
TwentySecond District Meansville TwentyNinth District Harlem
Second DistrictHinesville
FortySeventh DistrictMoultrie
FortyEighth DistrictCordele
Fiftieth DistrictLexington
TwentyFourth District Columbus
TwentyThird DistrictReynolds
ThirtyThird District Commerce
Thirteenth DistrictIdeal
ThirtySixth District Newnan
Seventeenth DistrictMillen
Fifteenth District Alley
FortyFirst DistrictEllijay
7
Name
District
Postoffice
Pruett J F
Puett Cline
Reagan Ed L
Richardson G H
Smith J O M
Stark Buell
Strickland J O
Tippins R R
Wallace Roy W
Waters J O
Watson Wade H
Weekes John Wesley West Linton B
Whitehurst W M
Williams E M
ThirtySecond District Dahlonega
Fortieth DistrictsHiawassee
ThirtyFifth DistrictMcDonough
Tenth DistrictSmithville
ThirtiethDistrictCommerce R 14
FortyThird DistrictDalton
First DistrictPembroke
FortyNinth DistrictClaxton
TwentyEighth DistrictRutledge
FortySixth DistrictBlackshear
Third DistrictBaxley
ThirtyFourth District Decatur Eleventh DistrictCuthbert
TwentyFirst DistrictJeffersonville
TwentySeventh DistrictMonroe
8

MEMBERS
OF THE
SENATE OF GEORGIA
BY DISTRICTS
FOR SESSIONS 19311933
First DistrictBryan Chatham Effingham
J O STRICKLANDPembroke
Second DistrictLiberty Long McIntosh Tattnall
D F MARTINHinesville
Third DistrictAppling Brantley Jeff Davis Wayne
WADE H WATSONBaxley
FourthTDistrictCamden Charlton Glynn
L HNABBMoniac
Fifth DistrictAtkinson Clinch Ware
JOHN W BENNETTWaycross
Sixth DistrictBerrien Cook Echols Lanier Lowndes
ELMER E DEKLEValdosta
Seventh DistrictBrooks Grady Thomas
W H DUCKWORTHCairo
Eighth DistrictMiller Mitchell Decatur Seminole
F B HANDPelham
Ninth DistrictEarly Calhoun Baker
W T ADKINS Edison
Tenth DistrictDougherty Lee Worth
G H RICHARDSONSmithvUle
Eleventh DistrictClay Randolph Terrell
LINTON B WESTOuthbert
Twelfth DistrictQuitman Stewart Webster
J L HORN Preston
9
Thirteenth DistrictMacon Schley Sumter
J W NELSONideal
Fourteenth DistrictBleckley Dooly Pulaski
GUYD JACKSONCochran
Fifteenth DistrictWheeler Montgomery Toombs
HUGH PETERSONAiley
Sixteenth DistrictLaurens Johnson Emanuel Treutlen
SEWELL COURSON Soperton
Seventeenth DistrictBurke Jenkins Screven
WALTER O PERKINSMilieu
Eighteenth DistrictGlascock Jefferson Richmond
ROY V HARRISLouisville
Nineteenth DistrictGreene Warren Taliaferro
JOHN O EVANSWarrenton
Twentieth DistrictHancock Baldwin Washington
J HOWARD ENNISMilledgeville
Twentyfirst DistrictJones Twiggs Wilkinson
W M WHITEHURSTJeffersonville
Twentysecond DistrictBibb Lamar Monroe Pike
H G LANGFORD Meansville
Twentythird DistrictCrawford Houston Taylor Peach
C H NEISLERReynolds
Twentyfourth DistrictMuscogee Marion Chattahoochee
W CECIL NEILLColumbus
Twentyfifth DistrictTalbot Harris Upson
A C ALEXANDERWaverly Hall
Twentysixth DistrictButts Fayette Spalding
JOHN H CHEATHAMGriffin
Twentyseventh DistrictBarrow Oconee Walton
E M WILLIAMSMonroe
Twentyeighth DistrictJasper Putnam Morgan
ROY W WALLACE Rutledge
10
Twentyninth DistrictColumbia Lincoln McDuffie
W S LAZENBYHarlem
Thirtieth DistrictElberta Hrt Madison
J O M SMITHCommerce R 14
Thirtyfirst DistrictFranklin Habersham Stephens
Dr JEFF DAVISToccoa
Thirtysecond DistrictLumpkin Dawson White
J F PRUETTDahlonega
Thirtythird DistrictBanks Jackson Hall
J Morgan NixCommerce
Thirtyfourth DistrictDeKalb Newton Rockdale
JOHN WESLEY WEEKESDecatur
Thirtyfifth DistrictFulton Henry Clayton
ED L REAGANMcDonough
Thirtysixth DistrictCampbell Coweta Meriwether
N L NORTH Newnan
Thirtyseventh DistrictHeard Carroll Troup
L H P BECK IBowdon
Thirtyeight DistrictPaulding Haralson Polk
W L DENTONDallas
Thirtyninth DistrictCherokee Cobb Douglas
ALPHA A FOWLERDouglasville
Fortieth DistrictUnion Rabun Towns
CLINE PUETT Hiawassee
Fortyfirst DistrictPickens Gilmer Fannin
N PRATT Ellijay
Fortysecond DistrictBartow Chattooga Floyd
M L JOHNSONCass Station
Fortythird DistrictGordon Whitfield Murray
BUELL STARKDalton
Fortyfourth DistrictCatoosa Dade Walker
BEN T BROCKTrenton
11
Fortyfifth DistrictBen Hill Irwin Telfair
JAMES B CLEMENTS Irwinville
Fortysixth DistrictCoffee Bacon Pierce
J O WATERSBlackshear
Fortyseventh DistrictColquitt Turner Tift
L L MOOREMoultrie
Fortyeighth DistrictDodge Crisp Wilcox
O M McKENZIECordele
Fortyninth DistrictBulloch Candler Evans
R R TIPPINSOlaxton
Fiftieth DistrictClarke Oglethorpe Wilkes
HAMILTON McWHORTER Lexington
Fiftyfirst DistrictForsyth Gwinnett Milton
LOUIE E JONESAlpharetta
12
STANDING COMMITTEES
OF THE
SENATE
1931 1933
ACADEMY FOR THE BLIND
Langford Chairman
Beck
Davis
Horn
Nelson
Lazenby ViceChairman
Pratt
Puett
Wallace
AGRICULTURE
Hand Chairman
Alexander
Beck
Bennett
Clements
Courson
Davis
Dekle
Denton
Duckworth
Ennis
Horn
Johnson
Jones
Knabb
Langford
Nix ViceChairman
Lazenby
McKenzie
Martin
Neisler
Nelson
North
Perkins
Pratt
Pruett
Smith
Tippins
Waters
Whitehurst
Williams
AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION
Moore Chairman
Brock
Bennett
Cheatham
Clements
Davis
Dekle
Ennis
West ViceChairman
Evans
Hand
Jackson
Langford
Martin
McWhorter
Neisler
14
Nix Reagan
Perkins Tippins
Peterson Watson
Pruett
APPROPRIATIONS
Dekle Chairman Cheatham ViceChairman
Alexander
Beck
Ennis
Fowler
Hand
Harris
Jackson
Langford
McWhorter
Moore
Neisler
North
Perkins
Peterson
Pruett
Richardson
Smith
Stark
Strickland
Tippins
Wallace
Watson
Weekes
West
Whitehurst
Williams
AUDITING
Nelson Chairman Tippins ViceChairman
Beck
Jones
McKenzie
Pratt
Whitehurst
BANKS AND BANKING
Neisler Chairman Langford ViceChairman
Cheatham Clements Cour son Duckworth Evans
Hand
Jackson
Knabb
Lazenby
Moore
15
Nelson
Nix
North
Pruett
Strickland
Tippins
Wallace
Weekes
Whitehurst
Williams
COMMERCE AND LABOR Williams Chairman Davis ViceChairman
Cheatham Neisler
Courson Peterson
Dekle Pratt
Duckworth Pruett
Ennis Reagan
Fowler Wallace
Hand Weekes
Horn West
Jackson Jones Whitehurst
CONGRESSIONAL AND LEGISLATIVE REAPPORTIONMENT
Bennett Chairman Nelson ViceChairman
Alexander
Courson
Davis
Denton
Duckworth
Ennis
Evans
Fowler
Hand
Jackson
Johnson
Langford
McWhorter
North
Pruett
Reagan
Strickland
Tippins
Wallace
Watson
Weekes
West
16
CONSERVATION
Knabb Chairman Puett ViceChairman
Alexander McWhorter
Clements Moore
Gourson Pratt
Duckworth Tippins
Harris Wallace
Hand Waters
Horn Weekes
Lazenby Whitehurst
COUNTIES AND COUNTY MATTERS
Jackson Chairman Denton ViceChairman
Brock Nelson
Clements North
Courson Pratt
Davis Pruett
Duckworth Puett
Ennis Richardson
Fowler Smith
Hand Stark
Harris Wallace
Knabb Waters
McWhorter Watson
Martin Weekes
Neisler Williams
CORPORATIONS
North Chairman McKenzie ViceChairman
Adkins Peterson
Courson Reagan
Horn Stark
Lazenby Waters
Martin Whitehurst
Nelson
17
DRAINAGE
Whitehurst Chairman
Bennett
Brock
Knabb
Williams ViceChairman
Martin
McKenzie
Perkins
EDUCATION AND PUBLIC SCHOOLS
McWhorter Chairman
Beck
Bennett
Cheatham
Courson
Davis
Denton
Duckworth
Ennis
Hand
Harris
Jackson
Johnson
Langford
Clements ViceChairman
Neisler
Nelson
Nix
North
Peterson
Reagan
Stark
Strickland
Tippins
Wallace
Waters
Watson
West
Puett Chairman
Denton
Fowler
Horn
ENGROSSING
Adkins ViceChairman
Neisler
Peterson
Richardson
ENROLLMENT
Weekes Chairman
Courson
Evans
Jackson
Whitehurst
ViceChairman
Jones
Peterson
Pruett
18
FINANCE
Stark Chairman Fowler ViceC
Adkins Jones
Bennett Knabb
Brock Langford
Cheatham McWhorter
Courson Neisler
Davis Nelson
Dekle Nix
Denton Peterson
Duckworth Pruett
Ennis Reagan
Evans Wallace
Hand Watson
Harris Weekes
Johnson West
GAME AND FISH
Strickland Chairman
Adkins
Alexander
Brock
Evans
Fowler
Hand
Jackson
Jones
Courson ViceChairman
Knabb
Martin
Neisler
Perkins
Pratt
Puett
Tippins
Watson
GENERAL JUDICIARY NUMBER ONE
Duckworth Chairman
Denton
Hand
Ennis
Langford
McKenzie
Weekes ViceChairman
Moore
Neisler
Reagan
West
Williams
19
GENERAL JUDICIARY NUMBER TWO
Watson Chairman
Bennett
Brock
Cheatham
Clements
Evans
McWhorter
ViceChairman
Fowler
Harris
Nix
Peterson
Pruett
HALLS AND ROOMS
Dekle Chairman Stark ViceChairman
Ennis McWhorter
Harris
HIGHWAYS AND PUBLIC ROADS Ennis Chairman Alexander
ViceChairman
Brock Moore
Clements Neisler
Davis Nix
Denton Peterson
Duckworth Pratt
Courson Pruett
Fowler Richardson
Hand Smith
Harris Stark
J ackson Strickland
Johnson Tippins
Knabb Wallace
Langford Watson
McWhorter
20
HYGIENE AND SANITATION
Alexander Chairman
Clements
Davis
Denton
Duckworth
Lazenby
Jones ViceChairman
Nix
Pruett
Puett
Reagan
Strickland
INSURANCE
Wallace Chairman
Cheatham
Dekle
Evans
Jones ViceChairman
Neisler
North
Weekes
INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS
Martin Chairman Lazenby ViceChairman
Alexander Strickland
Horn Whitehurst
JOURNALS
Pratt Chairman Evans ViceChairman
Adkins Puett
Peterson
MANUFACTURES
Cheatham Chairman North VicePresident
Alexander Langford
Ennis Perkins
Hand Williams
21
MILITARY AFFAIRS
Perkins Chairman Hand ViceChairman
Brock Reagan
Duckworth Richardson
Ennis Strickland
Fowler Tippins
Neisler Weekes
MINES AND MINING
Denton Chairman Puett ViceChairman
Jones Pratt Pruett
MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT
Johnson Chairman Richardson ViceChairman
Brock McWhorter
Courson Martin
Dekle Moore
Ennis North
Evans Perkins
Fowler Reagan
Hand Strickland
Jackson Jones Williams
PENITENTIARY
Pruett Chairman Waters ViceChairman
Adkins Dekle
Alexander Denton
Brock Duckworth
Courson Ennis
22
Jackson North
Jones Puett
Knabb Smith
McWhorter Stark
Moore Tippins
Nelson West
Nix
PENSIONS
Clements Chairman Beck ViceChairman
Alexander Puett
Horn Richardson
Johnson Waters
Martin
PRIVILEGES AND ELECTIONS
Evans Chairman
Courson
Davis
Dekle
Duckworth
Hand
Harris
Jackson
McWhorter
West ViceChairman
Moore
Perkins
Peterson
Pruett
Stark
Smith
Wallace
PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR
Jones Chairman Horn ViceChairman
Martin Whitehurst
Nix
23
PUBLIC LIBRARY
McKenzie Chairman
Adkins
Bennett
Brock
Cheatham
Evans
Neisler ViceChairman
Moore
North
Perkins
Pratt
West
PUBLIC PRINTING
Adkins Chairman
Denton
Duckworth
Johnson
Knabb
Peterson
V iceChairman
Nix
Wallace
Watson
Whitehurst
PUBLIC PROPERTY
Courson Chairman
v
Alexander
Horn
Johnson
Jones
Nix
Cheatham
ViceChairman
North
Smith
Waters
Weekes
Whitehurst
PUBLIC UTILITIES
Fowler Chairman
Jackson ViceChairman
Alexander
Bennett
Brock
Cheatham
Denton
Ennis
Harris
Johnson
Jones
Knabb
24
McKenzie
McWhorter
Nelson
Nix
Pruett
Strickland
West
The President
Chairman
Bennett
Cheatham
Courson
Dekle
Duckworth
Ennis
Evans
Hand
Jackson
Jones
Langford
RULES
Harris ViceChairman
McWhorter
Moore
Neisler
Perkins
Peterson
Pruett
Stark
Wallace
Watson
West
SCHOOLJFOR THE DEAF
Johnson Chairman Smith ViceChairman
Denton Whitehurst
Weekes
SPECIAL JUDICIARY
Reagan Chairman
Cheatham
Clements
Dekle
Harris
Jackson
McKenzie
McWhorter
Brock ViceChairman
Moore
Pruett
Richardson
Stark
Watson
Weekes
West
25
STATE OF THE REPUBLIC
Peterson Chairman Ennis ViceChairman
Alexander Moore
Bennett Neisler
Cheatham Perkins
Clements Pratt
Davis Smith
Duckworth Strickland
Hand Wallace
Harris West
Langford Williams
STATE SANITARIUM
Nix Chairman Waters ViceChairman
Alexander Knabb
Bennett McKenzie
Dekle Martin
Denton Richardson
Ennis Whitehurst
Horn Williams
TEMPERANCE
Beck Chairman Watson ViceChairman
Cheatham Lazenby
Duckworth Waters
Horn Weekes
Johnson West
TRAINING SCHOOLS
Horn Chairman Reagan ViceChairman
Brock Hand
Davis Jackson
Dekle Nix
Ennis Puett
Fowler Weekes
26
TUBERCULOSIS SANITARIUM AT ALTO
Davis Chairman
Horn Johnson Knabb Lazenby
McKenzie Chairman
Bennett
Cheatham
Duckworth
Harris
Smith ViceChairman Nix
Strickland
Whitehurst
Peterson ViceChairman
McWhorter
Nix
Weekes
West
UNIFORM LAWS
UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA AND ITS BRANCHES

West Chairman Wallace ViceChairman
Adkins Moore
Alexander Neisler
Beck Nix
Cheatham Peterson
Davis Pruett
Dekle Puett
Ennis Reagan
Fowler Richardson
Hand Smith
Harris Watson
Jackson Weekes
Langford Wdiitehurst
McKenzie Williams
McWhorter
27
WESTERN AND ATLANTIC RAILROAD
Brock Chairman Duckworth ViceChairman
Adkins Nelson
Beck Pruett
Cheatham Puett
Courson Reagan
Dekle Richardson
Harris Smith
Johnson Stark
Jones Tippins
McWhorter Waters
Martin Moore Whitehurst
28
RULES OF THE SENATE
ADOPTED FOR THE SESSION OF 1931
THE PRESIDENT
Rule 1 The President shall in his discretion suspend irrelevant debate and command silence whenever he may deem it needful
Rule 2 In all cases of election by the Senate the President shall vote In other cases he shall not vote unless the Senate shall be equally divided or unless his vote if given to the minority will make the division equal and in case of such equal division the question shall be lost But in all cases where a fixed constitutional vote is required to pass the bill or measure under consideration and said bill or measure shall lack only one vote to pass the same the President may vote
Rule 3 When two or more Senators shall rise at the same time the President shall name the Senator entitled to proceed
Rule 4 All committees shall be appointed by the President unless otherwise ordered by the Senate
Rule 5 The method of stating the question on any motion by the President shall be as follows All in favor of the motion will say Aye Those opposed will say No And when a decision may seem doubtful to the President or a division of the Senate is called for by any one member of the Senate the President shall call upon the Senators in favor of the motion to rise and after a count is had by the Secretary he shall call upon the Senators to reverse their positions and the President shall announce the result
Discretion of President
When President shall vote
Bight of Senator to the floor to be decided by the President
President to appoint committees
Method of stating a question by the President
31
President may name preside
Duty of
Secretary
when
President
absent
When no debate on appeals
Appeals to be made at once
Power of President to suspend subordinate officers
When President may order galleries and lobbies cleared
Rule 6 The President may during a days sitting name any Senator to perform the duties of the Chair during any part of that sitting but no longer
Rule 7 Whenever from any cause the President shall be absent the President pro tempore shall preside and if both shall be absent the Secretary of the Senate shall call the Senate to order and shall preside until a President pro tempore shall be elected which said election shall be the first business of the Senate The President pro tempore thus elected shall preside until the return of one of the first named officers when his functions shall cease
Rule 8 On all appeals on questions of order of a personal character there shall be no debate
Rule 9 All appeals from the decisions of the Chair shall be made immediately and no appeal shall be in order after other business has intervened from the time of the alleged error of the Chair and before said appeal is sought to be made
Rule 10 The President shall have power to suspend the Messenger and Doorkeepers for misconduct or neglect of duty and when such suspension has been made he shall report the same to the Senate within twentyfour hours thereafter for such action as the Senate may see fit to take in the premises
Rule 11 The President shall have power to cause the galleries and lobbies of the Senate cleared by the Messenger and Doorkeepers in case of disturbance or disorderly conduct therein and to cause any person or persons so offending to be arrested
32
and brought before the bar of the Senate to de dealt with for contempt of the Senate
Rule 12 When less than a quorum vote on any subject finder consideration by the Senate the President may order the door of the Senate to be closed and the roll of Senators called by the Secretary and if it is ascertained that a quorum is present either by answering to their names or by their presence in the Senate and any Senator present then refuses to vote unless excused such refusal shall be deemed a contempt of the Senate
Rule 13 The President may at any time order the roll called on any question and take the vote by yeas and nays where a division of the Seriate discloses the fact that a quorum of the Senate has not voted
Rule 14 All questions as to priority of business to be acted on shall be decided by the President without debate
ON DECORUM AND DEBATE
Rule 15 When any Senator is about to speak in debate or deliver any matter to the Senate he shall arise from his seat and respectfully address himself to Mr President He shall be confined to matter in debate shall not speak more than twice on any subject nor more than once until every member choosing to speak shall have spoken If any Senator in speaking or otherwise transgress the rules of the Senate the President shall call him to order in which case the Senator so called to order shall immediately sit down unless permitted to explain The Senate shall if appealed to decide and if the decision of the Senate be not submitted to the delinquent for the first offense shall be reproved
No quorum voting duty of President
When President may order vote taken by yeas and nays
Decision on questions of priority
Conduct of Senators in debate
Appeals
33
Expulsion See Rule 147
Exception to words spoken
Silence
Mode of
designating
Senators
Shall not vote when interested in result
for the second fined in a sum not exceeding ten dollars and continuing refractory may be expelled from the Senate by a twothirds vote of the Senators which said vote shall be taken by yeas and nays
Rule 16 If any Senator be called to order for words spoken the words excepted to shall be taken down in writing by the Secretary and read then admitted denied or explained by the Senator who spoke and thereupon the questions of order shall be decided and such other proceedings had as the Senate may deem proper in regard thereto Provided that if at the time the Senate is acting under the previous question such question of order and other proceedings referred to shall not be taken up for decision until after the previous question and the main question have been disposed of or until such further time as may then be ordered by the Senate But no Senator shall be held to answer or be subject to the censure of the Senate for words spoxen in debate if any other Senator has spoken or other business has intervened after the words were spoken and before the exception to them was taken
Rule 17 The members of the Senate shall forbear from private conversation and preserve silence until a speaking Senator shall have taken his seat
Rule 18 The Senators shall avoid naming each other when they may have occasion to take notice of their observations but may designate them by the districts they represent
Rule 19 No Senator shall vote upon any question in the result of which he is personally interested and in every case where the seat of a Senator is being contested the sitting Senator and the contestant
34
shall both retire from the Senate before the vote is taken
Rule 20 Any Senator may have entered on the Journal a protest in writing against the action of the Senate said protest shall clearly and succinctly set forth the grounds of such protest and shall not be argumentative nor arraign nor impugn the motive of the Senate nor any member thereof
Rule 21 No Senator shall address the Senate nor interrogate a Senator who is speaking except through the President and if the Senator speaking declines to be interrupted the President shall cause the Senator desiring to interrogate him to be silent
Rule 22 No Senator shall pass between the Chair and a Senator while he is speaking nor shall any Senator at the time of adjournment leave his seat until the President retires
Rule 23 No Senator shall in debate refer to any private conversation had with another Senator or to any matters which have transpired in any committee or in the House except as to the final action taken by the House in any pending matter
Rule 24 No smoking shall be allowed in the Senate Chamber during the Sessions of the Senate nor shall conversation be permitted within the Chamber
Rule 25 In nominating candidates for any office no laudatory remarks shall be allowed nor shall any other candidate be disparaged
Rule 26 Applause or hisses in the Senate Chamber or in the galleries or lobby during any speech or legislative proceedings shall be promptly suppressed
Protests
Duty while Senator is speaking and at adjournment
Restrictions in debate
Applause and hisses forbidden
35
No debate during yeas and nays Rule 27 During the calling or reading of ayes and nays on any question no debate shall be had
Only one motion be made at a time Rule 28 No Senator can make more than one motion at a time and while the motion is being put to the Senate he must resume his seat and he is not further entitled to the floor unless again recognized by the President
Explanation Rule 29 On all question except such as are not debatable any Senator on the call of the ayes and nays shall be allowed five minutes as a matter of right in which to explain his vote Where the vote on any question is not taken by ayes and nays no Senator shall be allowed to explain except by unanimous consent No motion or request shall be entertained to vary this rule nor to extend a Senators time for explaining
Reading of papers Rule 30 When the reading of any paper is called for and the same is objected to by any Senator it shall be determined by a vote of the Senate and this motion shall be decided without debate
Motion to excuse when made Rule 31 A motion to excuse a Senator from voting must be made before the Senate divides or before the call of the yeas and nays is commenced and it shall be decided without debate except that the
Excuses from voting Senator making the motion may briefly state the reason why in his opinion it ought to prevail Rule 32 No Senator shall be allowed to address himself to any question and then move to table the bill resolution or motion or move the previous question thereon without relinquishing the floor
36
DIVISION OF A QUESTION
Rule 33 Any one Senator may call for a division of the question on a subject in which the sense thereof will admit of it
Rule 34 The Senator calling for a division must state into how many and definitely what parts he would have the question divided Each part of the divided proposition must be so distinct that if taken away the remainder can stand by itself and be consistent and entire
BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Rule 35 All bills and resolutions shall be called in the order in which they stand on the calendar and before reading any bill or resolution the second or third time the Secretary shall distinctly state its number and the name of the Senator by whom introduced Provided that the General Appropriation Bill and the General Tax Bill shall have precedence on third reading over all other matters even Special Orders until the said bills shall have been finally disposed of
Rule 36 Every motion or request to take up general bills or resolutions out of their regular order and every motion or request for special orders shall be submitted in writing and reported upon by the Committee on Rules before being submitted to the Senate
Rule 37 No debate shall be admitted upon any bill at the first reading Upon the introduction of any bill or resolution or other matter requiring reference to a committee the President shall as a matter
Call for division
Division how made
Bills and resolutions called in order
Proviso What motions to be in writing
Question on first reading
37
Effect of favorable report of committee
Adverse report of committee
Bills when withdrawn
Reports of committees order of action
of course and without debate commit the same to the proper committee unless otherwise ordered by the Senate In case of engrossment of any bill or other matter the entry thereof shall be made by the Secretary and the bill or other matter shall not be amendable thereafter unless subsequently committed
Rule 38 Where the report of a committee is favorable to the passage of a bill etc the same shall be read a second time and passed to a third reading without question unless recommitted Where the report of a committee is adverse to the passage of a bill etc on the second reading thereof the question shall be on agreeing to the report of the committee If the report of the committee is agreed to the bill etc shall be lost If the report of the committee is disagreed to the bill etc shall be passed to a third reading unless recommitted Provided that no bill etc adversely reported shall be taken up for a second reading except by motion of some Senator Any bill etc may be withdrawn at any stage thereof by consent of the Senate
Rule 39 When a bill etc favorably reported by a committee is on its third or last reading if the report of the committee is disagreed to by the Senate the bill or measures shall be lost unless the action of the Senate in disagreeing to the committee report is reconsidered within the proper time
Rule 40 The President shall not recognize any Senator at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to place any general bill on its passage out of its regular order Neither shall he recognize any request for unanimous consent for the introduction of new matter or to read any bill or resolution the second time or to place any local bill or
38
resolution on its passage except during the first thirty minutes after the confirmation of the Journal The President shall entertain but one unanimous consent at any one time
Rule 41 Where a bill or a resolution has been referred and reported by more than one committee or has been reported on and recommitted to the same committee the last committee report shall be acted on by the Senate
Rule 42 All bills and resolutions shall be written or printed and shall have the name of the Senator introducing the same as well as the district he represents indorsed on the back of the same and in the case of bills the caption of the bill shall also be indorsed on the same
Rule 43 No bill shall be printed until after the same has been reported to the Senate by the committee to which it has been referred or by request of said committee and the order of the Senate agreeing thereto
Rule 44 No bill or resolution shall be transmitted to the House on the day of the passage thefeof unless a majority of the Senators present shall so order
Rule 45 The Committee on Rules during the last fifteen legislative days of each session shall arrange and fix the calendar of business for each day and such calendar shall be a standing and continuing special order during said period and no matter shall be taken up or acted on otherwise than in the order and manner fixed by such calendar except by a threefourths vote of those present
Bills and resolutions to be in writing
How indorsed
Bills wben printed
Transmission to House by majority vote
39
Order of precedence
Not debatable when may be renewed Amendment
When
debatable
When
made
When not to order
PRECEDENCE OF MOTIONS
Rule 46 When any subject is before the Senate for consideration or under debate no motion shall be received except the following towit
1st A motion to adjourn
2d A motion to lay on table
3d A motion for the previous question
4th A motion to postpone indefinitely
5th A motion to postpone to a day certain
6th A motion to commit
7th A motion to amend
Which said several motions shall have precedence in the order named
MOTION TO ADJOURN
Rule 47 A motion to adjourn is in no instance debatable nor shall said motion be made a second time until further progress has been made in the business before the Senate A motion to adjourn in its simple form shall not be amended
Rule 48 A motion to adjourn to a particular day or for a particular time if made when the Senate is not actually engaged in other business is debatable and is amendable as to the day or time proposed
Rule 49 The motion to adjourn can be made at any time when the Senator moving it can legitimately obtain the floor
Rule 50 A motion to adjourn may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the Senate has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to adjourn is in order nor shall any motion to adjourn
40
be in order after the Secretary has called the first name of the ayes and nays and a vote of one Senator has been given or after a division of the Senate has been had on a vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced
Rule 51 When a motion to adjourn in its simple form prevails it adjourns the Senate to the next sitting day or time in course
Rule 52 Whenever the hour of adjournment as fixed by a prior resolution shall arrive while the vote of the Senate is being taken by the ayes and nays the session shall continue until the final vote is taken and announced and if said fixed hour of adjournment shall arrive while the Senate is acting on the main question after a motion for the previous question has been sustained and before the vote on the main question is being taken either by a division or by the ayes and nays as aforesaid the Senate shall stand adjourned by virtue of said prior resolution
MOTIONS TO LAY ON THE TABLE
Rule 53 No motion to lay an amendment or substitute on the table shall be in order
Rule 54 A majority of a quorum voting may take from the table at any time when the Senate is not engaged on any other measure any bill resolution or other paper which has been ordered to lie on the table and when so taken from the table it is thereby restored to its appropriate place on the calendar
Rule 55 A motion to lay on the table or to take from the table can be renewed from time to time when new business has intervened between the votes
Effect of adjournment
Hour of adjournment What business postponed
Amendment or substitute cannot be laid on table
How matters may be taken from table
When
renewed
41
Not debatable or amendable Rule 56 Neither the motion to lay on the table nor the motion to take from the table is debatable or amendable
What can be tabled Rule 57 Nothing can be legitimately laid on the table excepting what can be taken up again
When in order Rule 58 A motion to lay on the table may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the Senate has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to lay on the table is in order
Effect of previous Question THE MOTION FOR THE PREVIOUS QUESTION Rule 59 The motion for the previous question shall be decided without debate and shall take precedence of all other motions except motions to adjourn or to lay on the table and when it is moved the first question shall be Shall the call for the previous question be sustained If this be decided by a majority vote in the affirmative the motion to adjourn or to lay on the table can still be made but they must be made before the next question towit Shall the main question be now put is decided in the affirmative and after said last question is affirmatively decided by a majority vote said motions will be out of order and the Senate cannot adjourn until the previous question is exhausted or the regular hour of adjournment arrives
Twenty minutes debate allowed Rule 60 When the previous question has been ordered the Senate shall then proceed to act onthe main question without debate except that before the main question is put twenty minutes shall be allowed to the committee whose report of the bill
42
or other measure is under consideration to close the debate When the report of the committee is adverse to the passage of the bill or other measure the introducer of the bill shall be allowed twenty minutes before the time allowed to the committee for closing the debate The Chairman of the committee or the introducer of the bill or other measure may yield the floor to such Senators as he may indicate for the time or any part of it allowed under this rule
Rule 61 After the main question is ordered any Senator may call for a division of the Senate in taking the vote or may call for the yeas and nays but on all questions on which the yeas and nays are called the assent of onefifth of the number present shall be necessary to sustain the call and when such call is sustained the yeas and nays shall be entered on the Journal
Rule 62 The effect of the order that the main question be now put is to bring the Senate to a vote on pending questions in the order in which they stood before it was moved
Rule 63 After the main question has been ordered a motion to reconsider this action will if adopted have the effect to repeal the ordering of both the main question and the previous question and will leave the pending measure again open to debate and amendment This motion to reconsider the ordering of the main question can be made only once and if lost or if the main question is again subsequently ordered on the pending measure no second motion to reconsider the ordering of the main question shall be entertained
Vote how taken
Yeas and nays Onefifth necessary
Effect of main Question being ordered
Reconsideration when in order
43
Contested
elections
How called and ordered
Call of the Senate when in order
Questions of order
Effect
Not amendable
Rule 64 In all cases where a minority report has been submitted on any matter if the previous question is ordered there shall be twenty minutes allowed to the member of said committee whose name is first signed to said minority report or to such member or members as he may indicate for the time so allowed or any part of it before the twenty minutes allowed to the Chairman submitting the majority report
Rule 65 The previous question may be called and ordered upon a single motion or an amendment or it may be made to embrace all authorized motions or amendments and include the entire bill to its passage or rejection
Rule 66 A call of the Senate shall not be in order after the previous question is ordered unless it shall appear upon an actual count by the President that a quorum is not present
Rule 67 All incidental questions of order arising after a motion is made for the previous question and pending such motion shall be decided whether on appeal or otherwise without debate
MOTIONS TO INDEFINITELY POSTPONE
Rule 68 When a bill resolution or other measure is under consideration on the final reading thereof a motion to indefinitely postpone if decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum thereby disposes of said bill resolution or other measure for the session
Rule 69 The motion to indefinitely postpone lays open the whole question for debate but it cannot be amended
44
Rule 70 While the motion to indefinitely postpone takes precedence over a motion to postpone to a day certain or to commit or amend yet this motion cannot be applied to said motions nor can it be applied to incidental questions such as questions of order reading of papers withdrawal of a motion and suspension of a rule
Rule 71 No motion to indefinitely postpone shall be renewed on any bill resolution or other measure after the same has once been voted down
MOTION TO POSTPONE TO A DAY CERTAIN
Rule 72 On a motion to postpone to a day certain it is not in order to debate the merits of the question proposed to be postponed Debate may be allowed but it shall be confined strictly to the proposition to postpone and to show why one day is preferred to another This motion cannot be renewed or made a second time to the same measure on the same day
Rule 73 The motion to postpone to a day certain cannot be applied to subordinate or incidental questions but only to the whole measure It is amendable by substituting one day or time for another If a day proposed is known to be beyond the limits of the Session the motion shall be treated as one to indefinitely postpone
MOTION TO COMMIT
Rule 74 Motions to commit may be made to refer a bill resolution or other measure to a standing or special committee
When cannot be applied
Not renewed
Debate when and how allowed
Motion to commit
45
Precedence of
When debatable
How
amended
Motion to recommit
Amendments how made
Bill first perfected then the substitute
Rule 75 A motion to commit to a standing committee takes precedence over a motion to commit to a special committee and shall be first voted on
Rule 76 On a motion simply to commit no debate shall be allowed but where instructions are added the merits of the question can be debated
Rule 77 A motion to commit may be amended by adding instructions or by substituting another committee for the one named by the Senator making the motion
Rule 78 Any proposition that has been referred to any committee either standing or special may on motion be recommitted to the same or any other committee by a majority of a quorum
MOTION TO AMEND
Rule 79 There are three ways in which a proposition may be amended towit
1st By inserting or adding words
2d By striking out words
3d By striking out and inserting words
An amendment is itself subject to be amended in all three of the ways above mentioned but it is not admissible to amend an amendment to an amendment
Rule 80 When a bill or resolution is before the Senate for consideration and amendments are pending thereto and a substitute shall be offered for said bill or resolution and an amendment shall be offered to said substitute it shall be in order for the Senate to first perfect the original bill or resolution and then perfect the substitute The question shall then be on agreeing to the substitute as amended if it be amended and if decided in the affirmative
46
the question shall be Shall this bill pass or resolution be adopted as the case may be by substitute
Rule 81 An amendment cannot be offered after the report of the committee to whom was referred the bill or resolution under consideration has been agreed to by the Senate unless said action of the Senate in so agreeing to said report of said committee shall first be reconsidered
Rule 82 All motions to amend any matter before the Senate must be in writing and must plainly and distinctly set forth the amendment desired and the part of the bill or resolution where said amendment shall be inserted or added
Rule 83 On all questions whether in committee or in the Senate the last amendment the most distant day and the largest sum shall be first put
Rule 84 Where blanks occur in any proposition they must be filled first before any motion is made to amend
Rule 85 The caption or preamble of a bill or resolution shall not be considered or amended until the measure has been perfected
Rule 86 When a proposition consisting of several sections or resolutions is on a final reading and the Senate shall agree to a motion to consider the same by sections or paragraphs the Secretary in reading the same shall pause at the end of each section or resolution and the amendments thereto shall be offered as the several sections or resolutions are read but the amendments offered by the committee
When too late to amend
Must be In writing
Priority
Blanks
Caption
when
amended
Amending by sections
47
Amendments by striking out and inserting
Priority of amendment to perfect
Amending
House
amendments
See Rule 130
Priority
Priority of Questions on House amendments
to whom said bill or resolution was referred shall be read by the Secretary without any motion being made in the Senate and when a section or resolution shall have been considered it is not in order to recur back and amend it
Rule 87 When a motion is made to amend by striking out and inserting the Secretary shall read the paragraph as it is then the words to be stricken out and finally the whole paragraph as it would be if amended
Rule 88 When a motion is made to amend by striking out a paragraph any amendment offered to perfect the paragraph shall be put first before the question is put for striking it out
Rule 89 When any bill or resolution which originated in the Senate has been amended in the House and is before the Senate for action on the House amendment an amendment may be offered in the Senate to the House amendment but the Senate amendment to the House amendment cannot be further amended it must be agreed to or voted down
Rule 90 A motion to amend an amendment made by the House to a Senate bill or resolution takes precedence of a motion to agree or disagree to said amendment
Rule 91 The questions which arise before the Senate respecting amendments by the House to a Senate bill or resolution are
1st A motion to agree to the House amendment
2d A motion to disagree to the House amendment
3d A motion to recede from its disagreement or amendment
48
4th A motion to insist on its disagreement or amendment
5th A motion to adhere to its disagreement or amendment
They take precedence in the above order
RECONSIDERATION
Rule 92 When the Journal of the preceding day shall be read it shall be in the power of any Senator to move for reconsideration of any matter therein contained except such matter that has been previously reconsidered provided such Senator shall notify the Senate of his intention to move such reconsideration at any time before the Journal is confirmed
Rule 93 The notice of a motion to reconsider shall not be withdrawn after the time has elapsed within which it might originally have been made
Rule 94 No matter shall be reconsidered more than once
Rule 95 Motions for reconsideration shall be in order immediately after the time for unanimous consents on the day succeeding the action sought to be reconsidered except that any matter which could not be reconsidered on the succeeding day shall be in order for reconsideration on the day of said action Provided a motion to reconsider the action of the Senate ordering immediate transmission of any bill or resolution to the House shall be made and disposed of before the transaction of other business
Rule 96 The actioh of the Senate upon an amendment may be reconsidered at any time before final action upon the section bill or resolution to which it relates
Rule 97 All bills reconsidered shall take their
Motion to reconsider
Shall not be
withdrawn
when
When there may be one reconsideration
When in order
Amendments when reconsidered
Place on calendar
49
Morning
rollcall
dispensed
with by
majority
vote
Names of absentees noted
Sergeantatarms Power to compel attendance
Call how ordered
Subsequent
proceedings
place at the foot of calendar of bills then in order for a third reading
ABSENTEES
Rule 98 The rollcall at the opening of each session of the Senate shall not be dispensed with except by a majority vote of the Senators present
Rule 99 Upon the call of the Senators ordinary and extraordinary the names of the absentees shall be noted by the Secretary and shall appear upon the Journal
COMPELLING ATTENDANCE
Rule 100 The power to compel the attendance of Senators in order to keep or secure a quorum shall be vested in the President and to this end he may have the doors of the Senate closed When the doors are so closed no Senator shall be allowed to retire from the Senate without first obtaining leave from the Senate
The Messenger of the Senate shall be exofficio SergeantatArms of the Senate and on order of the President may arrest any absentees and bring them before the Senate when necessary to secure a quorum as aforesaid
CALL OF THE SENATE
Rule 101 Whenever the result of a vote taken shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the Senate is present or when the President shall officially state the fact to the Senate it shall be in order for any Senator to make a motion for a call of the Senate and when this motion is made the President shall state the question as follows Shall the motion for the call of the Senate prevail and if five of the Senators present shall vote in the affirmative the President shall order the Secretary to call the roll
50
of Senators and the absentees shall be noted the doors shall then be closed after which the names of the absentees shall again be called over and those who do not appear and who are absent without leave may by the order of the majority of the Senators present be sent for and arrested wherever they may be found by officers to be appointed by the Messenger for that purpose and their attendance secured and the Senate shall determine upon what conditions they shall be discharged
MISCELLANEOUS RULES
Rule 102 When a message is sent to the Senate it shall be announced at the door of the Senate by the Doorkeeper and be respectfully communicated to the Chair by the person through whom it may be sent
Rule 103 Messages may be received at any time while the door is open except while a question is being put or a ballot or a viva voce vote is being taken A message shall be presented to the Senate by the President when received or afterwards according to its nature and the business on which the Senate is engaged or its consideration may on motion be ordered by the Senate
Rule 104 After a motion is stated by the President or read by the Secretary it shall be deemed to be in the possession of the Senate but may be withdrawn at any time before decision by consent of the Senate
Rule 105 Any member presenting a petition memorial or remonstrance shall as concisely as practicable intimate the name and object of the peti
Messages
Messages when received and considered
Motions
Petitions
memorials
etc
51
No debate tioner memorialist or remonstrant which shall be noted on the Journal and the paper may then be referred without reading Rule 106 Any motion to suspend the rules or change the order of business shall be decided without debate
Motions not privileged Rule 107 Any motion not privileged containing new matters shall lie at least one day on the table
Record Rule 108 Whenever on any question the yeas and nays shall have been ordered the Secretary shall also enter on the Journal the names of those members not voting
Not necessary to second motion Rule 109 Where a motion is made by any Senator it shall not be necessary that the same shall be seconded before being put to the Senate
Committees how and when enlarged Rule 110 After the announcement of the standing committees no other Senators shall be paced thereon unless it be at the request of a majority of the committee to be added thereto except when Senators have been elected to fill vacancies caused by death or otherwise the President may assign said Senators to such committees as he may see fit and he may fill any vacancy im chairmanships
Privileges of the floor Rule 111 No persons shall be allowed to enter upon the floor of the Senate except the Senators and officers of the Senate the officers and members of the House the President of the United States and Cabinet members the Governor of the State and the heads of the offices of the Executive Department exGovernors Judges of the Supreme Court and Court of Appelais in actual commission expresiding officers of the Senate and House members of Congress from Georgia Governors and members of the
52
Legislature of any State of the United States members of the press actually reporting legislative proceedings and such others as the Senate may allow upon recommendation of the Committee on Privileges of the Floor but the privilege of the floor shall be extended to no person for a period longer than two days and not more than twice during any session
Rule 112 It shall be the duty of the committee1on Journals to read the Journal of each days proceedings and report to the Senate that the same is correct before the Journal is read by the Secretary
Rule 113 The hours of the morning sessions of the Senate shall be from 10 oclock A M to one oclock P M when the Senate shall stand adjourned until ten oclock A M of the next succeeding day Sundays excepted unless otherwise ordered by the Senate
Rule 114 A motion for the call of the yeas and nays shall be decided without debate
Rule 115 All writs warrants subpoenas issued by order of the Senate shall be signed by the President and attested by the Secretary
Rule 116 It shall be the duty of the Messenger to attend to the wants of the Senate while in session to aid in the enforcement of order under the direction of the President and to execute the demands of the Senate from time to time together with all such processes issued under its authority as may be directed to him by the President
Rule 117 The Messenger under the direction of the Secretary shall superintend the distribution by the Pages of all documents and papers to be distributed to the members he shall distribute to the
Duty of Committee on Journals
Adjourn
ment
Motion for yeas and nays not debatable
Signature of President and Secretary
Duty of Messenger
Messengers duty in distributing documents etc
53
Interlineation forbidden members the usual and necessary stationery required by them Rule 118 No committee shall deface or interline a bill resolution or other paper referred to said committee but shall report any amendments recommended on separate paper noting the section page or line to which said amendments relate
Pairing Rule 119 No pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed as an excuse for not voting
Committee of Conference Rule 120 Whenever any Senator moves that a Committee of Conference on disagreeing votes of the two Houses naming the number of members be appointed if said motion prevails the President shall appoint a committee on the part of the Senate and in such case the committee shall consist only of such Senators as voted in the majority on the position assumed by the Senate and if by inadvertence any Senator be nominated on said committee who was not in said majority vote he shall notify the Senate and be excused by the President
Amend ments Rule 121 After commitment of a bill and report thereof to the Senate it may be amended before the report of the committee is agreed to by the Senate but the amendments if any reported by the committee shall be disposed of before any other amendment be considered unless it be an amendment to a committee amendment
Free debate Rule 122 No Senator shall after debating any question and before yielding the floor be allowed to submit any motion the effect of which shall be to prevent further debate
54
Rule 123 No motion on a subject different from that under consideration shall be admitted under iolor of amendment If a motion be made to strike out a part of a bill or resolution a motion to amend the part proposed to be stricken out shall be first on order
Rule 124 All reports of a committee shall be in writing and the minority of a committee may make a report in writing setting forth succinctly the reasons for their dissent
Rule 125 Every motion for information from the Executive or other Departments shall lie on the table one day unless referred to a committee by vote of the Senate
Rule 126 On the call of the yeas and nays the Secretary shall read the names of the Senators after they have been called and no Senator shall be permitted to change his vote unless he at that time declares that he voted under a mistake of the question
Rule 127 Questions of the privilege shall be first those affecting the rights of the Senate collectively its safety dignity and the integrity of its proceedings second the rights reputation and conduct of Senators individually in their representative capacity only and shall have precedence of all other questions Provided that when any matter is pending before the Senate no question of personal privilege shall be acted on until the pending question is disposed of
Rule 128 In all elections a majority of the Senators present shall be necessary to a choice
Motion
Majority and minority reports
What motions He on table
Changing
votes
Questions of privilege
Elections
Appropriating moneyyeas and nays called and recorded Must originate in House Representatives
Amendment to Constitution entered in full in journals
Caption or title only to be read in local bills
Secretary to take oatb and give bond
Oatb of enrolling and engrossing Clerks
Rule 129 No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays are called and recorded All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money must originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills
Rule 130 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passage of an act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal and when any amendment to the Constitution shall be agreed to by a twothirds vote of members elected such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on the Journal in full with the yeas and nays taken thereon
Rule 131 The first and second reading of local bills shall consist of the reading of the titles only unless said bill is ordered engrossed
Rule 132 The Secretary and Assistant Secretary shall before entering on their duties as such take an oath before their presiding officer to discharge their duties faithfully and to the best of their skill and knowledge and the Secretary shall enter into bond in the sum of 5000 conditioned for faithful discharge of his duties Said bond to be approved by President of Senate
Rule 133 All engrossing and enrolling clerks before entering upon the discharge of their respective duties shall take an oath before the President of Senate to discharge their duties faithfully and to the best of their skill and knowledge of which a minute shall be made and entered on the Journals and no journalizing recording enrolling or engrossing
56
clerk shall be appointed by the Secretary of Senate until such clerk has been examined by the Enrolling Committee and certified to be competent and well qualified for the discharge of the duties required of him and shall be removed at any time upon recommendation of the Enrolling Committee
Rule 134 When there is a meeting of both branches of the General Assembly in joint session the Secretary shall enter in the journal of the Senate the proceedings of the same
COMMITTEES
Rule 135 The President shall appoint the following standing committees
Committee on Academy for the Blind
Committee on Agriculture
Committee on Amendments to Constitution
Committee on Appropriations
Committee on Auditing
Committee on Banks and Banking
Committee on Commerce and Labor
Committee on Congressional and Legislative Reapportionment
Committee on Conservation
Committee on Counties and County Matters
Committee on Corporations
Committee on Drainage
Committee on Education and Public Schools
Committee on Engrossing
Committee on Enrollment
Committee on Finance
Committee on Game and Fish
Committee on General Judiciary Number One
Committee on General Judiciary Number Two
Must be examined by enrolling committee and be recommended by it as competent
Secretary must enter on journals proceedings of joint sessions
57
Committee on Halls and Rooms
Committee on Highways and Public Roads Committee on Hygiene and Sanitation
Committee on Insurance
Committee on Internal Improvements
Committee on Journals
Committee on Manufacturers
Committee on Military Affairs
Committee on Mines and Mining
Committee on Municipal Government
Committee on Penitentiary
Committee on Pensions
Committee on Privileges and Elections
Committee on Privileges of the Floor
Committee on Public Library
Committee on Public Printing
Committee on Public Property
Committee on Public Utilities
Committee on Rules
Committee on School for the Deaf
Committee on Special Judiciary
Committee on State of the Republic
Committee on State Sanitarium
Committee on Temperance
Committee on Training Schools
Connittee on Tuberculosis Sanitarium at Alto Committee on Uniform Laws
Committee on University of Georgia and its Branches
Committee on Western and Atlantic Railroad
The Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Committee on Appropriations shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Finance and the Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Committee on Finance
58
shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Appropriations
ORDER OF BUSINESS
Rule 136 The following shall be the order of business
1 Prayer by the Chaplain
2 Call of the Roll
3 Report of Committee on Journals
4 Notices of motions to reconsider
5 Reading the Journal
6 Motions to reconsider
7 Confirmation of the Journal
8 Unanimous consents
9 Reports of Standing Committees
10 Reports of Select Committees
11 Messages from the Governor
12 Unfinished business
13 Special Orders and Orders of the Day
14 Messages from the House of Representatives
15 Introduction of bills etc the first time on
Mondays Wednesdays and Thursdays
16 Reading House Bills etc the first time for
reference
17 Reading bills etc second time favorably re
ported from committees
18 Consideration of bills etc adversely reported
on Tuesdays and Fridays
19 Reading for third time of bills etc ready for
passage
20 Motions resolutions and petitions
59
Rule 137 The report of the Committee on Rules shall be in order at any time and messages from the Governor or from the House of Representatives may be received under any order of business
Rule 138 No change of or addition to these rules shall be made unless such proposed change or addition be submitted in writing and referred to the Committee on Rules and reported back to the Senate
Rule 139 The rules of the Senate shall in no case be suspended or changed or the order of business changed except by a twothirds vote a quorum of the Senate being present and voting
Rule 140 The Auditing Committee before auditing the account of any Senator for expenses as a Committeeman or incurred in discharge of any duty as a member of the Senate shall require of him an itemized statement of such account supported by proper vouchers for each item whenever the same is practicable
Rule 141 When any question arises which is not provided for in the foregoing rules the same shall be controlled by the rules usually governing parliamentary bodies
60
RULES
FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE SENATE IN EXECUTIVE SESSION
1 When nominations shall be made by the Governor to the Senate a future day shall be assigned for their consideration unless the Senate directs otherwise
2 When acting on executive business the Senate shall be cleared of all persons except the Senators the Secretary and Assistant Secretary
3 All information or remarks touching or concerning the character or qualifications of any person nominated by the Governor for office shall be kept secret
4 The Legislative and Executive proceedings of the Senate shall be kept in separate and distinct books except that a copy of the message transmitting information of definite action on appointments of the Governor shall be placed in the regular Journals of the Senate
5 All nominations approved by the Senate or otherwise definitely acted on shall be transmitted by the Secretary to the Governor with the determination of the Senate thereon from day to day as such proceedings may occur but no further extract from the Executive Journal shall be furnished published or otherwise communicated except as provided in Rule 4 during any session except by special order of the Senate and in transmitting the determination of the Senate thereon the Secretary shall in no instance furnish a list of the names of Senators voting in the affirmative or negative but only the fact of confirmation or rejection and the numerical
61
vote and the record of votes shall be sealed and transmitted to the Secretary of States office there to be placed on file
6 A majority of a quorum shall be necessary to confirm the nomination to any office made by the Governor and sent to the Senate for approval When nominations are made by the Governor for any office which require the assent and approval of the Senate in executive session after the Secretary shall read the name of the party nominated and the position to which he is appointed the President shall put to the Senate the following Shall the nomination of the Governor be confirmed by the Senate Those who favor the confirmation will as your names are called vote Aye those opposed vote No After the roll is called the President will announce the result of the ballot and declare the result as follows It appears from the vote that a majority of the Senators have voted to confirm the appointment made by the Governor the same is hereby confirmed by the Senate or A majority of the Senators have voted against the confirmation of the nomination made by the Governor it is therefore rejected by the Senate
7 No Senator will be at liberty at any time or under any circumstances to expose or publish anything transpiring in executive session except only such matters as are required to be disclosed under the rules It is the intent and meaning of this rule that the business transacted in executive session shall be sacred and free from exposure to the outside world and that every Senator shall be on his honor concerning the same
62
RULES
FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY WHEN ASSEMBLED IN JOINT SESSION
1 The time of the meeting of the two houses in joint session shall be determined by the concurrent resolution of the Senate and House of Representatives except where provided by law
2 The elections shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare the result
3 The votes are to be taken for but one election at the same time and a majority of the whole number of votes cast is necessary to a choice
4 The Senate and House of Representatives shall meet in joint session in the hall of the House of Representatives on the first Monday of every session at 10 oclock a m or at such time as may be fixed by joint resolution of both houses for the purpose of electing such officers of said State as are now or may hereafter be required to be elected by the General Assembly Said joint session shall continue in morning and afternoon sessions from day to day until all of said officers are elected
5 At the hour determined by the concurrent resolution the Senate shall repair to the Hall of the House of Representatives
63
6 The President of the Senate shall preside and announce that the General Assembly is in joint session and cause to be read the resolution convening the sme He shall put all questions to the body and decide all questions of order An appeal may be taken from any of his decisions to the whole General Assembly
7 The Speaker of the House shall sit on the left of the President of the Senate
8 In announcing a candidate the mover shall not make any commendatory or other remarks
9 After a person is nominated for apy office in joint session of the General Assembly it shall not be in order to second such nomination and when the nomination is declared closed the President shall forthwith order the rollcall and each member when called shall rise in his seat and respond promptly announcing distinctly his choice for such office
10 In the elections by the General Assembly no member after having voted shall be allowed to change his vote unless he will rise and state in his place that he voted by mistake or that his vote has been recorded by mistake
11 No debate shall be in order except as to questions of order
12 No motion to adjourn shall be in order In lieu thereof there shall be the motion to dissolve the joint session which shall be in the form That the joint session of the General Assembly be now dissolved or That the joint session of the General Assembly be now dissolved to be reconvened at a time named The latter motion shall have precedence of the former
64
13 The motion to dissolve the joint session either indefinitely or until a fixed time shall always be in order except that after the call of the roll has commenced it shall not be in order until after the result of said vote shall have been declared by the President of the Senate
14 When a motion to dissolve the joint session shall be decided in the negative the same shall not again be in order until other business shall have intervened
15 When a motion to dissolve the joint session either indefinitely or to a fixed time shall be decided iii the affirmative the President of the Senate shall so declare and the Senate shall without further motion immediately repair to the Senate Chamber
16 The majority of each house shall be necessary to constitute a quorum of the joint session
17 These rules may be amended by the concurrent resolution of the two houses and they or either of them shall cease to be in force when either house shall notify the other house of the withdrawal of its consent to the same
65
INDEX TO STANDING RULES OF
Senate of Georgia
Prepared by W Cecil Neill of 24th District 19311932 Session
ABSENTEES
Rule No
Arrest of when1TOO 104
Call of Senate vg 101
Names recorded in Journal 99
Roll Call dispensed with when 98
Secretary duty as to Absentees 99
ADJOURN MOTION TO
Amendable not
Debatable not
Definite time debatable when
Definite time Amendable whenf2
Division not in order duringa
Effect when motion prevails
Main Question Ordered not in order
Precedence of
Previous Question motion for sustained motion to adjourn in order
Shall not be made second time wheni
When in order 4749
When not in order
Yeas and Nays being called not in order
47
47
48 48
50
51
5059 4649
5059 47
5059
5059 50
ADJOURNMENT
Constitutionaltimelimit H3
Courtesy to President at 22
Effect when hour of arrives while Senate is acting under previous
question 5259
Effect when hour of arrives while vote is being taken by Yeas and
Nays 52
Hour of Fixed by Senate 1
ADVERSE REPORT
Bills and Resolutions adversely reported taken up when 38
Debate on1 60
Effect of on bills 38
Second Reading after when 38
I
66
AMENDMENTS Rule No
Adjourn motion to not amendable 47
Adjourn to definite time amendable when 48
Applicable to Amendments1 79
Amendments to Amendments not amendable 1 79
Bills and Resolutions amended by sections 7986
Bills and Resolutions perfected before substitute 80
Bills and Resolutions perfected before caption 85
Blanks must be filled in before 84
By Committee5 118
Commit motion to amendable how 77
Committee Amendments take precedence 121
Committee shall not deface or interline bill but report amendments
on separate paperpK 118
Caption not considered until Bill prefected 85
Engrossment Effect of 37
General Appropriations Bill Senate may amend 129
General Tax Bill Senate may amend 129
Germane must be 123
House Amendments to S Bi 8991
House Amendments to S B may be amended 89
House Amendments to S B Priority of motion to amend 90
House Amendments to S B Priority of Questions on 91
House Amendments to S B Senate Amendment to not Subject to
amendmentijRk 89
Priority of 1 8388121123
Priority of to perfect part proposed to be stricken88123
Priority of on passage of bill Li 121
Precedence of motion to amendr 46
Postpone indefinitely motion to not amendable 69
Postpone definitely amendable 73
Reconsideration of when1 96
Report of by committee 118
Report of Committee agreed to amendments after 81
Requirements of motion to amend 82
Secretary duty of when amendments made to bill and resolutions by
sections 86
Secretary duty of in amending by inserting and striking out 87
Strike out motion to part to be striken considered first 123
Section by 86
Table amendments motion to not in order1 53
Table motion to lay on or take from not amendable 56
Ways of makinggjy 79
When too lateLa 8186
When made bill being considered by sections 86
Writing motion to amend must be in82
67
AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION Rule No
Journal proposed recorded in 130
Yeas and Nays recorded on 130
Majority requiredi 130
APPEALS
From Presidents decisioni 9
Member called to Order may appeal 15
No debate on appeals of personal character 8
Time of making 9
APPLAUSE
Prohibited in Galleries or Senate Chamber 26
APPROPRIATIONS
General Bill right of way 35
House must originate 129
Senate may amend appropriation bill 129
Yeas and Nays required 129
ATTENDANCE
Arrest of senators for nonattendance100101
Call of Senate 100
Messengers duty as to 100101
Power to compell100101
President duty as to100101
AUDITING COMMITTEE
Accounts of members duty as to 140
BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Adverse Committee report onaj 38
Amendments to 79
Amendments to passed on before caption or preamble considered 85
Amendments Bill perfected firstc 80
Amendments to too lateI 8186
Amendments by sections a 86
Amendments to when too late bill being considered by sections 86
Amendments to by striking and inserting 87
Amendments by committees how reported 118
Bills perfected before substitutes 80
Caption not considered until bill perfected 85
Committee amendments take precedence 121
Committee amendments how reported 118
68
Rule No
Committee reports on precedence of i 41
Committee Report on effect of disposal of 3839
Committee report favorable effect of 1 3860
Committee Report unfavorable effect of 3860
Commit motion to 467477
Commitment to Committees 37
Debate none on first reading 37
Deface or interline no committee shall 118
Disagreement to favorable committee report effect of 39
Engrossment effect of 37
Entries on to be made by secretary 37
Form 42
First Reading no debate 37
General Appropriations bill takes precedence 35
General bills not placed for passage out of order by unanimous
consent 40
General Tax Bill take precedence 35
Intermediate transmission to house 44
Local Bills effect of engrossment 131
Local Bills First and Second Reading 131
Local Bills third reading and placement for passage by unanimous
consent 40
Precedence of 35
President duty to commit 37
Printing of 43
Reading of by unanimous consent 40
Recommit motion to 78
Requirements of 42
Reported by committee bill may be amended before report agreed to 121
Reconsideration 9297
Reconsideration effect of 97
Second Reading after adverse committee report 38
Secretary duty of in amending by striking and inserting 87
Secretary state author and number of when reading 35
Secretary to call in order on calendar 35
Special committee motion to commit to 7475
Strike out motion to part to be stricken considered first 123
Unanimous consent for reading or consideration 40
Withdrawal oft 38
Substitute Bill perfected before 80
CALL OF THE SENATE
Contempt onre 12
When in order 12101
When main question ordered 66
CAPTION
Not considered until bill perfected 85
69
CHANGE OF VOTES Rule No
How and when 126
COMMITTEES
Amendments by how reported 118
Amendments by takes precedence 121
Appointment of 4135
Appropriations exofficio members of7 135
Bills not to be interlined or defaced by 118
Chairmen Appropriations and Finance exofficio members 135
Change after announcement 110
Commit to motion to 7478
Conference how and when constituted 120
Enlarged how3 HO
Exofficio members of1 135
Finance exofficio members of 135
President appoint 4135
President ex officio member of rules committee 135
Reports order of precedence 41
Recommitt to motion tor 78
Senators elected to fill vacancies committee assignments 110
Standing committeesj 135
COMMIT MOTION TO
Amended how 77
Applicable to what 74
Debate simple motion not debatable 76
Debate motion to commit with instructions debatable76
Precedence among other motionsj 46
Precedence among motions to commit 75
Special Committee to 7475
Standing committee to takes precedence 75
Recommit motion to 78
CONTEMPT
By Outsiders 11
By Senators12101
On Call of the Senate 12101
CONVERSATION
Prohibited in Senate chamber 24
Presidents right to suppress 1
Senators refrain from when 17
70
DEBATE Rule No
Adjourn motion to not debatable 47
Adjourn to definite time motion to debatable 48
Adverse report debate on 60
Appeals from chair of personal character not debatable 8
Bill or resolution no debate on first reading 37
Breach of order in debate 15
Change order of business motion to not debatablei 106
Commit motion to not debatable 76
Commit with instructions motion to debatablei 76
Committee matters reference to out of order in i 23
Conduct of Senators in15212223
Conversation reference to out of order in 23
Excuse from voting motion to not debatable 31
First reading of bill or resolution no debate 37
House happenings reference to out of order in 23
Incidental matters after motion for previous question sustained decided without debate 67
Interrogation of speakers thru president 21
Limitation of speeches 15
Minority report debate on 1 jO 64
Nondebatable motion not in order when 32122
Postpone definitely motion to debate limited 72
Postpone indefinitely motion to debatable 69
Previous Question motion for not debatable 59
Previous Question motion for decided affirmatively debate limited 6064
Previous Question motion for incidental questions decided with out
debate 67
Priority of Business decided by President without debate 14
Reading of papers question of decided without debate 30
Roll Call no debate during 27
Suspend Rules motion to not debatable 106
Yeas and Nays motion for decided without debate 114
Yeas and Nays no debate during27
disparaging remarks
Prohibited on Nominations Asi 25
DIVISION OF SENATE
After main question ordered 61
Call forI4 61
Excuse for voting motion to must be before 31
Senator may ask forl 561
71
DIVISION OF QUESTION
Rule No
Duty of member asking 34
Right to call for33
What divisible 3334
ENGROSSMENT
Effect of 37
ENROLLMENT COMMITTEE
Clerks examine and approve r 133
Clerks recommend removal of 133
EXCEPTION TO WORDS SPOKEN
Procedure for taking 16
EXECUTIVE SESSION
References to Special Rules
Cleared Senate Chamber cleared of all persons except senators secretary and assistant secretary 2
Journal message informing governor of action on nominees record
in regular journal 4
Journal separate journal for executive sessions 4
Journal secret 357
Governor informed of action on nominees by secretary 45
Nomination majority necessary to confirm 6
Nomination how put 6
Nomination when considered 16
Nominees discussion of secret 357
Nominees secretary inform governor of action on 5
Proceedings kept in separate book from legislative proceedings 4
Proceedings kept secret 357
Procedure 26
Remarks of Senators kept secret 3
Secretary and assistant in senate during session 2
Secretary duty as to journal 45
Secretary inform governor of action on nominees 5
Secrecy required2357
Senate chamber cleared of all persons except senators secretary and
assistant secretary during session
Senators shall not disclose proceedings or happenings of session 3
Votes on nominations kept secret
Votes record of sealed and filed with Secretary of State
Votes result only announced
72
Ol Ot 1 1 to
EXPLANATION OF VOTES Rule No
When and time allowed 29
EXPULSION OF MEMBERS
When and how15
DOORKEEPER
Clear lobbies and galleries when 11
Messages duty in receivingT 102
Suspension of 10
GALLERIES
Applause or hisses prohibited in 26
President may clear H
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
Minutes of joint sessions pf kept in Senate Journal 134
GENERAL APPROPRIATIONS BILLS
Precedence of 35
Senate may amend only 129
GENERAL TAX BILL
Precedence ofj 35
Senate may amend only 129
GOVERNOR
Entitled to privileges of the Floor 111
HOUR OF ADJOURNMENT
Effect of arrival of 5259
Effect of arrival of when Senate acting under previous question 5259
Effect of arrival of vote being taken by yeas and nays 52
Fixed by Senate 113
Provided1 113
IMMEDIATE TRANSMISSION TO THE HOUSE
Majority vote necessary for 44
Reconsideration of motion for 95
When ordered 44
73
JOINT SESSION
RULES OF GENERAL ASSEMBLY IN JOINT SESSION References to Special Rules
Adjourn motion to see motion to dissolve
Appeals from decisions of chair 6
Change of vote when allowed 10
Commendatory remarks prohibited 8
Elections byi 124910
Elections change of vote on 10
Elections majority for 3
Elections only one at time 3
Elections record of vote kept in House Journali 2
Elections vote how taken 239
Elections where heldp 2
Debate no debate except on points of order 11
Dissolve motion to not in order after roll call commenced 13
Dissolve motion to effect of when prevailing 15
Dissolve motion to and reconvene at definite time takes precedence 13
Dissolve motion to definite and indefinite 12
Dissolve motion to when in order 13
Dissolve motion to when lost in order again when 14
Journal of House contain record of vote on elections 2
Majority necdssary for election 3
Nominations no commendatory remarks by member making 8
Nominations no second of in order 9
Nominations roll call on 9
Order points of debatable 11
Presiding Officer President of Senate 26
Presiding Officer duties of6915
Place of meeting 25
Procedure 6
Quorumi 16
Roll Call on elections 9
Roll Commenced motion to dissolve not in order 13
Rules how changed 17
Rules consent of both houses to necessary 17
Senate repair to Hall of House of Representatives 5
Senate return to Senate Chamber on dissolution 15
Sessions continue how long 413
Speaker of House sit at left of president of Senate 7
State officers elefetion of 4
Time of meeting 14
Voting1 236
Vote change ofS 10
74
JOURNAL
Absentees Contain names ofJ 99
Appropriations motion for yeas and nays recorded on 129
Committee on duty to read 112
Constitutional amendments recorded in 130
Constitutional amendments yeas and nays recorded on 130
Constitution requires twothirds majority for passage of bill or resolution yeas and nays shall be recorded 130
General Assembly minutes kept in Senate 134
Oaths minutes of oaths kept in 133
Protest of Senators entry in 20
Reconsideration of matters in 92
Senators not voting on yeas and nays names entered in 108
LAUDATORY REMARKS
Prohibited a 25
LOCAL BILLS
Engrossment effect of 131
First and Second reading a 131
Reading of third time and put on passage by unanimous consent 40
MAIN QUESTION
Adjourn motion to not in order after main question ordered 5059
Call of Senate after ordered5fe 66
Call of Senate after main question ordered 66
Debate time allowed for majority after main question ordered 60
Debate time allowed minority after main question ordered 64
Debate time allowed author after main question ordered646667
Division of Senate i 61
Effect of when order5960646667
Reconsideration of orderingj K 63
Table motion to not in order after main question ordered 5859
Yote how taken when ordered 61
MAJORITY
Change rules or order of business necessary to45139
Election necessary for 128
MEMORIALS
Presentment and consideration 105
MINORITY REPORTS
Debate on64
Minority may make reports how 124
75
MESSAGES RuleNo
Consideration of J03
How sent received announced and considered 102
Received from the Governor or House at any time 137
When Received 103 137
MESSENGER
Arrest senators power to on order of president100101
Clear galleries and lobbies when H
Duty of on call of Senate 101
ExOfficio SergeantatArms Iqq
General duties Hg ny
Suspension of 10
MOTIONS
Information for from executive department lie on table one day 125
Germane motion to amend must be 123
Nondebatable not in order when32 122
One at time only 28
Order of business motion to change not debatable 106
Order of business motion to change vote necessary 45139
Order of priority 4g
Privilege question of take precedence 127
Reading by secretary effect of 104
Read papers motion to not debatable 30
Rules motion tochange or suspend vote necessary 139
Rules motion to change or suspend how submitted 138
Seconding not required 109
Senator resume seat while motion is being put 28
Special Orders motion to make how submitted 36
Statement of by chair effebt of 104
Strike out motion to part to be striken considered first 123
Unprivileged containing new matter lie on table one day 107
Withdrawal ofx 104
NEW MATTERS
Information from executive department motion for lie on table one
day 125
Unprivileged motion containing lie on table one day 107
Unanimous consesnt for 40
NOMINATIONS
Disparaging remarks prohibited in 25
Laudatory Remarks prohibited in 25
76
OATHS Rule No
Assistant Secretary1 132
Clerks 133
Entered in Journal 133
Secretarysjg 132
ORDER OF BUSINESS
Establishedi 136
Majority necessary to change order fixed by rules committee 45
Majority necessary to change order 139
Motion to change not debatableQ 106
Priority of decided by president without debate 14
Rules committee fix during last fifteen days of session 45
Special orders motion for how submitted 36
PAIRING
Not recognized 119
PARLIMENTARY LAW
Applicable when 141
PETITIONS
Presentment and consideration 105
PREAMBLE
Not considered until bill or resolution perfected 85
POSTPONE TO DEFINITE DAY MOTION TO
Applicable to what13 73
Amendments subject to efit 73
Debate limited J 72
Impossible day motion to postpone to treated how 73
Precedence ofj 4670 v
Renewal when lost cannot be made again the same day 72
POSTPONE INDEFINITELY MOTION TO
Applicable to what t 70
Amendments not subject to 69
Debate subject to 69
Effect when motion prevailsk 68
Impossible motion to postpone to impossible djay treated how 73
Precedence of1 4670
Renewal when lost motion cannot be again made on same matter 71
77
PRESIDENT Rule No
Absence of president pro tem preside 7
Adjournment Senators remain until president retires 22
Appeals from decisions of 8915
Arrest president may order of persons disturbing senate 11
Arrest Senators power to order when absent100101
Attendance power to compeli100101
Business priority of decided by 14
Call of Senate power and duty on1213101
Committees appointed by 4135
Commitment of bills and resolutions on first readingj 37
Courtesy due by Senators to at adjournment 22
Conference Committee appointed by r 120
Division may order 5
Galleries power to clearpj11
Interrogation of senators thru 21
Irrevelant debate power to suspend 1
Lobbies power to clear 11
Method of stating question 1 5
Messages duty on receiving 103
No quorum voting duty of president 1213
Recognition of Senators decided by 3
Rules committee exofficio chairman of 135
Signs all writs warrants etc of Senate 115
Silence power to command 1
Senator may name to preside 6
Senator may call to order for breach of rules 15
Senators elected after committees appointed president may appoint
to committees 110
Standing Committees appointment ofk 135
Suspension of officers byj1 10
Vote president required to when 2
Vacant chairmanships power to fill 110
PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE
Absence of president and president pro tempore secretary shall call
election of president pro tempore 7
Duties ofi 7
PREVIOUS QUESTION
Adjournment effect of arrival of hour of Senate acting under 52
Adjourn motion to after motion for previous question sustained 5059
Affirmative vote on effect of59606467
Applicable to what 65
Call of Senate after previous question ordered 66
78
Rule No
Debate regulated previous question decided affirmatively 6064
Debate motion for not subject to 59
Exhausted before matters excepted to decided 16
Incidental questions arising after previous question ordered decided
without debate 67
Precedence of motion for J 4659
Reconsideration 93
Table motion to after motioh for previous question sustained 5859
PRIVILEGE
Motion without to lie on tableT 107
Personal 127
Question of what constitute 127
Questions of take precedence 17
PRIVILEGE OF THE FLOOR
When extended to visitors HI
Who entitled to HI
PRINTING OF BILLS
When ordered 43
PROTESTS OF SENATORS
Procedure for 20
QUORUM
Call of Senate no quorum voting 101
No quorum voting duty of president1213101
No quorum voting president may order yeas and nays 13
READING OF PAPERS
Determined by Senate1 f 30
RECOMMIT MOTION TO
Applicable to what 78
RECONSIDERATION
Amendments of 96
Applicable to what 92
Committee Reports of action on 39
Effect of 6397
Immediate transmission motion for reconsidered when1 95
79
Rule No
Intervening days effect of 95
Main question ordering of may be reconsidered 63
Main question ordering of may be reconsidered only once 63
N otice required 93
One time no matter reconsidered but 94
Previous question reconsideration of 63
When and how asked 9295
When motion for is in orderI 92
REMONSTRANCES
Presentment and Consideration 105
REPORTS OF COMMITTEES
Amendments after agreement to 81
Disagreement to effect of 39
Favorable report effect of 38
Form of 124
Minority reports 124
Procedure after 3839
Precedence of 41
Reconsideration of action on 39
Unfavorable report 38
Writing must be in 124
RULES
Change proposal to must be submitted in writing and referred to
Rules committee 138
Majority necessary to change 139
Special orders motion to make how submitted 36
Suspend motion to not debatable 106
Suspended how106138139
RULES COMMITTEE
Change in rules all proposals for submitted to 138
Order of business for last fifteen days fixed by 45
Report of in order at any time 137
Special orders must be reported on by 36
SECRETARY
Absence of president and president pro tern call election for president pro temjl 7
Absentees note name of 99
Amending bills by sections duty of in 86
80
Rule No
Amending bills by striking and inserting duty of in 87
Attest all writs warrants etc of Senate 115
Bills and resolutions called in order by from calendar 35
Bills and Resolutions Engrossed Entries on to be made by 37
Bills and Resolutions state number and author of in calling 35
Bond ofv 132
Clerks appointment of 133
General assembly joint session keep minutes of 134
Journal duty to enter names of Senators not voting on yeas and nays 108
Oath 132
SENATORS
Adjournment duty of at 22
Accounts of duty of auditing committee as to 140
Applause prohibited 26
Arrest power of president to order100101
Attendance power of president to compel100101
Call of Senate may ask 101
Called to order for transgression of rulesJ 15
Committee assignments when elected after organizationof Senate
completed HO
Conduct in debate 15171821232632
Comtempt of the Senate1 12
Conversation refrain from 17
Courtesy owed Senator speaking 22
Debate how often speak 15
Debate reference to private conversations committee or house
happenings prohibited in 23
Decorum of1517192126
Division of Question may ask for 33
Division of Question duty of Senator asking for 34
Division of Senate may ask for 561
Disparaging Remarks prohibited 25
Exceptions to words spoken 16
Expulsion ofLsw 15
Interrogation of thru president 21
Laudatory remarks prohibited 2S
Meissenger duty of to 117
Motion make only one at time 28
Motion must resume seat while motion being put 28
Motjon prohibited from making nondebatable when32122
Not voting names of entered in Journal 108
Pairing of not recognized 119
Personal Privilege 127
81
Rule No
Preside president may designate Senators to
Protest of Senate action by
Reading of Papers call for 3
Recognition order of decided by president
Retire when required toI
Retire not allowed to when l 12 100
Senators refer to Senators by districts and not by name 18
Special Orders request for36
Stationry messenger shall supplyil H7
Unanimous consent right to ask for 40
Vote changing how and when 126
Vote Explanation of
Vote refusal toon call of Senate 1
Vote shall not when interested 19
Voting motion to excuse from 31
Yeas and Nays Call for 1
SERGE ANTATARM S
Duty of on Call of the Senate 11
Messenger exofficio 1 1
SIGNATURE OF PRESIDENT AND SECRETARY
When required H
SILENCE
Senators preseve 17
SMOKING
Prohibited 24
SPECIAL COMMITTEE
Priority of Motion to commit to 7475
SPECIAL ORDER
How obtainedt 36
SUBSTITUTE
Bill perfected before 30
Table motion to not in order 53
SUSPENSION OF RULES
How accomplished 106138139
82
TABLE MOTION TO Rule No
Amendment motion to table not in order 53
Amendment motion to table or take from table not subject to 56
Applicable to what 57
Debate motion to table or take from table not subject to 56
Effect when motion to take from table prevails 54
Information from executive department motion for lie on table one
day 125
Motion to take from table in order when 5455
Main Question ordered motion to table not in order 5859
Precedence ofi 46
Previous question motion for sustained motion to table in order 5859
Renewal of motion to table or take from table 55
Substitute not subject to 53
Unprivileged motion containing new matter lie on table one day 107
When in order motion to table and take from table 5558
TWOTHIRDS VOTE WHEN NECESSARY
Constitution Amendment 13 0
Ekpulsion of Senators 15
Yeas and Nays recorde when constitution requires 130
UNANIMOUS CONSENT
Explanation of vote by 29
Limitation and regulation of f 40
Local bills considered by When 40
New matters consideration by 40
No request to extend time of explanation shall be entertained 29
YEAS AND NAYS
Adjournment effect of arrival of hour of while vote being taken by 52
Adjourn motion to not in order during call of 50
Appropriations record of required on all 129
Call for after main question ordered 61
Change vote after call of 126
Constitution requiring twothird vote for passage of bill yeas and
nays shall be recorded 130
Constitution amendment to required and recorded on 130
Debate no debate during call of 27
Debate motion or call for not debatable 114
Explanation of vote when vote taken by 29
Excuse from voting motion to must be made before start of 31
Expulsion of Senator vote by 15
Journal show when61129130
Journal show names of Senators not voting on 108
President may order no quorum voting 1213
Required when61129130
83
OFFICERS
OF THE
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
1931 AND 1933
ARLIE D TUCKER of BerrienSpeaker
ANDREW J KINGERY of EmanuelClerk
L THOS GILLEN of BibbSpeaker Pro Tem
HERBERT H WIND of GradyMessenger
R S TALMADGE of JasperDoorkeeper
MEMBERS
OF THE
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
County
Appling
Atkinson
Bacon
Baker
Baldwin
Banks
Barrow Bartow Bartow Ben Hill Berrien
Bibb
Bibb
Bibb
Bleckley Brantley Brooks Brooks
Bryan
Bulloch
Bulloch
Burke
Burkex
Butts
Calhoun
Camden
Campbell
OF GEORGIA
WITH
COUNTY AND POSTOFFICE 19311933
Names of Counties Alphabetically Arranged
Name Postoffice
J A RossSurrency
J S MorrisPearson
Walter BennettCoffee
A N McLeodNewton
Marion H AllenMilledgeville
J B G LoganHomer
George ThompsonWinder
H P McElreathCartersville
Wm S PeeblesCartersville
Wesley R WalkerFitzgerald
Arlie D TuckerNashville
J Douglas CarlisleMacon
L Thomas GillenMacon
Orville A ParkMacon
H McWhorterCochran
W S CoursonLulaton
ipS M Turner Quitman
W A WalkerQuitman
Thos T Osteen iPembroke
Harvey D BrannenStatesboro
Geo P DonaldsonStatesboro
J J BargeronSardis
John J JonesWaynesboro
R A FranklinJackson
J M CowartArlington
wR Ward HarrisonKingsland
C H GullattUnion City
86
County
Name
Postoffice
CandlerJ Comer TrapneU
CarrollC C Bean
CarrollL Z Dorsett
CatoosaJ H Clark
CharltonL E Mallard
ChathamColumbus E Alexander
ChathamSpence M Grayson
ChathamShelby Myrick
ChattahoocheeDr Charles Howard
ChattoogaB H Edmondson
CherokeeJoe E Johnston
ClarkeO H Arnold
ClarkeJ Emory Wood
ClayE R King
ClaytonJohn E Mundy
ClinchW V Musgrove
CobbOrlando Awtrey
CobbDr W T Pace
CoffeeChas E Stewart
ColquittT W Mattox
ColquittW A Sutton
ColumbiaDr J L Weeks
CookH W Nelson
CowetaJ Courtney McKoy
CowetaJ W Powell
CrawfordWalter F Andrews
CrispJohnM Cain
DadeJ M C Townsend
DawsonJ E Robertson
DecaturErnest H Griffin
DecaturJohn M Simmons
DeKalbHenry A Beaman
DeKalbRoy C Leathers
DeKalbPaul L Lindsay
DodgeA R RossI
Dodge J L Yawn
DoolyEd B Dykes
DoughertyCruger Westbrook
DouglasD S Strickland
EarlyLowrey Stone
EcholsI F Culpepper
EffinghamH L Seckinger
ElbertPeyton S Hawes 1
ElbertJ T Siskl
Metter
Bowdon
Carrollton
Ringgold
Folkston
Savannah
Savannah
Savannah
Cusseta
Summerville
Woodstock
Athens
Athens
Fort Gaines
Jonesboro
Homerville
Acworth
Smyrna
Douglas
Moultrie
Moultrie
Harlem
Adel
Newnan R 8
Newnan
Roberta
Cordele
Trenton
Gainesville R 10
Bainbridge
Bainbridge
Avondale Estates
Decatur
Atlanta
Eastman
Chauncey
Vienna
Albany
Douglasville
Blakely
Lake Park R 3 Rincon R 1 Elberton Elberton
87
County
Name
Postoffice
EmanuelJ B Spivey
EmanuelFelix C Williams
EvansB G Tippins
FanninR T Hampton
Fayette J W Culpepper
FloydJ S Crawford
Floyd J Scott Davis
FloydHenderson L Lanham
ForsythE G Chambers
FranklinRush Burton
Fulton Geo A Eckford
FultonWm G McRae
FultonLuther H Still
GilmerE Watkins Edwards
GlascockJ J Killebrew
GlynnJ T Colson
GordonW O Lewis
GradyIra Carlisle
GreeneJoseph P Brown
GwinnettMack Pittard
Gwinnett F Q Sammon
HabershamC S Hubbard
HallW V Lance
HallPerry Oliver
HancockJohn C Lewis
HaralsonW O Strickland
HarrisHenry C Kimbrough
Hart James H Skelton Jr
Heard Jeptha H Parham
HenryB S Elliott
Houston J P Duncan
IrwinWarren R Mixon
JacksonH W Davis
JacksonJ E J Lord
JasperW H Key
Jeff DavisJohn C Bennett
JeffersonT F Purvis
JeffersonJohn P Rabun
JenkinsWalter Harrison
JohnsonA Lee Hatcher
Jones L P James
LamarH J Kennedy
LanierL L Patten
LaurensWilliam Brunson
LaurensJ F Graham
Swainsboro Swainsboro Bellville Mineral Bluff Fayetteville Rome
Cave Springs Rome
Gainesville R 9
Lavonia
Atlanta
Atlanta
Atlanta
Ellijay
Gibson
Brunswick
Calhoun
Cairo
Greensboro
Duluth
Lawrenceville
Baldwin
Gainesville
Gainesville
Sparta
Buchanan
Chipley
Hartwell
Franklin
McDonough
Perry
Ocilla
Jefferson
Commerce
Monticello
Hazlehurst
Bartow
Stapleton
Millen
Wrightsville
James
Bamesville
Lakeland
Dublin
Cadwell
88
County Name
Postoffice
LaurensCarl K Nelson
LeeJ P Horne
LibertyDonald H Fraser
LincolnW F Sims
LongT L Howard
LowndesJames D Ashley
LowndesH B Edwards
LumpkinFred C Jones
McDuffieRandall Evans Jr
McIntoshH G Atwood
MaconJohn M Greer
MadisonMiles Collier
MarionF L Clements
MeriwetherGus A Huddleston
MeriwetherW E Irvin
MillerI B Bush
MiltonC V Shirley
MitchellErnest M Davis
MitchellD Wilkes
MonroeWm B Freeman
MontgomeryA S Johnson
MorganE L Walker
MurrayFain S Wilson
MuscogeeW Willis Battle
MuscogeeCharles J Meredith
MuscogeeColumbus Roberts
NewtonCharles C King
OconeeC N Griffeth
OglethorpeDr Wm L Green Sr
PauldingPledger B Jones
PeachE Leroy Fagan
Pickens Luke Tate
Pierce T J Dixon
PikeR G Johnson
Polk1C I Scarbrough
PulaskiDallas C Chalker
PutnamJ Oscar Wall
QuitmanDr Loren Gary
RabunJ J Kimsey
RandolphRobert L Moye
RichmondJ L Cartledge
RichmondWilmer D Lanier
RichmondWm M Lester
RockdaleChester R Cannon
SchleyA A Arrington
ScrevenW G Sharpe
Dublin Leesburg Hinesville Xincolnton Ludowici Valdosta Valdosta Dahlonega Thomson Crescent Oglethorpe Colbert Buena Vista Greenville Greenville Colquitt Duluth R 2 Camilla Pelham Forsyth Mt Vernon Madison Chatsworth Columbus Columbus Columbus Covington Bogart Crawford Dallas Fort Valley Tate
Patterson
Zebulon
Cedartown
Hawkinsville
Eatonton
Georgetown
Clayton
Cuthbert
Augusta
Augusta
Augusta
Conyers
Ellaville
Sylvania
89
County
Name
Postoffice
ScrevenR W Walker
SeminoleJ E Johnson
SpaldingT J Purdy
StephensW C Edwards
StewartD G Bland
SumterA F Hodges
SumterR L Maynard
TalbotJ H McGehee
TaliaferroB R Trotter
TattnallJ C Beasley
TaylorJ T Childs
TelfairJ H Clements
TerrellC M Harris
ThomasW B Cochran
ThomasW T Mardre
Tift T E Phillips
ToombsJ Ellis Pope
TownsE L Adams
TreutlenT W Cullens
TroupDuke Davis
TroupM U Mooty
TurnerR Paulk
TwiggsJ I Mercer
Union V M Waldrop
UpsonWm A Whittle
WalkerJohn M Hutcheson
WalkerJ Ralph Rosser
WaltonE L Almand
Walton J T Preston
WareH D Bunn
WareC V Stanton
WarrenC M Swain
WashingtonJ E Hyman
WashingtonJack B Taylor
WayneW Glenn Thomas
WebsterJ W Montgomery
WheelerR E Rivers
WhiteJ B R Barrett
WhitfieldOliver R Hardin
WilcoxW K Holt
WilkesThomas W Cozart
WilkesW H Griffin
WilkinsonEli B Hubbard
WorthiiW J Crowe
WorthClin M Thomoson
Halcyondale
Donaldson ville
Griffin
Toccoa
Lumpkin
Andersonville
Americus
Talbotton
Crawfordville
Glennville
Butler
Scotland
Dawson
Thomas ville
Thomasville
Tifton
Lyons
Young Harris
Soperton
LaGrange
LaGrange
Ashburn
Jeffersonville
Blairsville
Thomaston
LaFayette
LaFayette
Monroe
Monroe
Waycross
Waycross
Norwood
Sandersville
SandersviUe
Jesup
Preston
Glenwood
Cleveland
Dalton
Rochelle
Washington
Washington
Irwinton
Sylvester
Sylvester
90
MEMBERS
OF THE
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF GEORGIA
WITH
COUNTY AND POSTOFFICE 19311933
Alphabetically Arranged According to Names Name County Postoffice
Adams E LTowns
Almand E LWalton
Alexander Columbus EChatham
Allen Marion H 1 Baldwin
Andrews W FCrawford
Arnold O HClarke
Arrington A ASchley
Ashley James DLowndes
Atwood H GMcIntosh
Awtrey OrlandoCobb
Bargeron J JonesBurke
Barrett J B RWhite
Battle W WillisMuscogee
Beaman Henry ADeKalb
Bean C C Carroll
Beasley J CTattnall
Bennett John 0Jeff Davis
Bennett Walter Bacon
Bland D CStewart
Brannen Harvey D Bulloch Brown Joseph PGreene
Brunson WmLaurens
Bunn H DWare
Burton RushFranklin
Bush I BMiller
Cain JohnM Crisp
Cannon Chester R Rockdale
Carlisle IraGrady
Carlisle J DouglasBibb
Cartledge J LRichmond
Chalker Dallas OPulaski
Chambers E G Forsyth
Young Harris
Monroe
Savannah
Milledgeville
Roberta
Athens
Ellaville
Valdosta
Crescent
Acworth
Sardis
Cleveland
Columbus
Avondale Estates
Bowdon
Glennville
Hazlehurst
Coffee
Lumpkin
Statesboro
Greensboro
Dublin
Waycross
Lavonia
Colquitt
Cordele
Conyers
Cairo
Macon
Augusta
Hawkins ville
Gainesville R 9
91
Name
Postoffice
County
Childs J TTaylor
Clark J HCatoosa
Clements F LMarion
Clements J HTelfair
Cochran W BThomas
Collier MilesMadison
Colson J TGlynn
Courson W SBrantley
Cowart J MCalhoun
Cozart Thomas WWilkes
Crawford J SFloyd
Crowe W JWorth
Cullens T WTreutlen
Culpepper I FEchols
Culpepper J WFayette
Davis DukeTroup
Davis Ernest MMitchell
Davis H WJackson
Davis J ScottFloyd
Dixon T JPierce
Donaldson Geo PBulloch
Dorsett L ZCarroll
Duncan J PHouston
Dykes Ed BDooly
Eckford Geo AFulton
Edmondson B HChattooga
Edwards E WatkinsGilmer
Edwards H BLowndes
Edwards W CStephens
Elliott B SHenry
Evans Randall JrMcDuffie
Fagan E LeroyPeach
Franklin R AButts
Fraser Donald HLiberty
Freeman Wm BMonroe
Gary Dr LorenQuitman
Gillen L ThomasBibb
Graham J FLaurens
Grayson Spence MChatham
Green Dr Wm L SrOglethorpe
Greer John MMacon
Griffeth C NOconee
Griffin Ernest HDecatur
Griffin W H1Wilkes
Gullatt O HCampbell
Hampton R TFannin
92
Butler
Ringgold
Buena Vista
Scotland
Thomasville
Colbert
Brunswick
Lulaton
Arlington
Washington
Rome
Sylvester
Soperton
Lake Park R 3
Fayetteville
LaGrange
Camilla
Jefferson
Cave Springs
Patterson
Statesboro
Carrollton
Perry
Vienna
Atlanta
Summerville
Ellijay
Valdosta
Toccoa
McDonough
Thomson
Fort Valley
Jackson
Hinesville
Forsyth
Georgetown
Macon
Cadwell
Savannah
Crawford
Oglethorpe
Bogart
Bainbridge
Washington
Union City
Mineral Bluff
Name
Hardin Oliver R
Harris 0 M
Harrison R Ward
Harrison Walter
Hatcher A Lee
Hawes Peyton
Hodges A F
Holt W K
Horne J P
Howard Dr Charles
Howard T L
Hubbard Cosby S
Hubbard EliB
Huddleston Gus A
Hutcheson John M
Hyman J E
Irvin W E
James L P
Johnson A S
Johnson J E
Johnson R C
Johnston Joe E
Jones Fred C
Jones John J
Jones Pledger B
Kennedy Harvey J
Key W H
Killebrew J J
Kimbrough Henry O
Kimsey J J
King Charles 0
King E R
Lance W V
Lanier Wilmer D
Lanham Henderson L
Leathers Roy C
Lester Wm M
Lewis Jno 0
Lewis W O
Lindsay Paul L
Logan J B G
Lord J E J
McElreath H P
McGehee J H
McKoy J Courtney
County Postoffice
Whitfield Dalton
Terrell Dawson
Camden Kingsland
Jenkins Millen
Johnson Wrightsville
Elbert Elberton
Sumter Ander sonville
Wilcox Rochelle
Lee Leesburg
Chattahoochee Cusseta
Long Ludowici
Habersham Baldwin
Wilkinson Irwinton
Meriwether Greenville
Walker LaFayette
Washington Sandersville
Meriwether Greenville
Jones James
Montgomery Mt Vernon
Seminole Donaldsonville
Pike Zebulon
Cherokee Woodstock
Lumpkin Dahlonega
Burke Waynesboro
Paulding Dallas
Lamar Barnesville
Jasper Monticello
Glascock Gibson
Harris Chipley
Rabun Clayton
Newton Covington
Clay Fort Gaines
Hall Gainesville
Richmond Augusta
Floyd Rome
DeKalb Decatur
Richmond Augusta
Hancock Sparta
Gordon Calhoun
DeKalb Atlanta
Banks Homer
Jackson Commerce
Bartow Cartersville
Talbot Talbotton
Coweta Newnan R 8
93
Name
County
Postoffice
McLeod A NBaker
McRae Wm GFulton
McWhorter HBleckley
Mallard L ECharlton
Mardre W TThomas
Mattox T WColquitt
Maynard R LSumter
Mercer J IlTwiggs
Meredith Charles JMuscogee
Mixon Warren RIrwin
Montgomery J WWebster
Mooty M UTroup
MorrisAtkinson Moye Robert LRandolph Mundy John E Clayton
Musgrove W VClinch
Myrick ShelbyjChatham
Nelson OarlK Laurens
Nelson H WCook
Oliver PerryHall
Osteen Thomas TBryan Pace Dr W TCobb
Park Orville ABibb
Parham Jeptha HHeard
Patten Lawson LLanier
Paulk RTurner Peebles W SBartow
Phillips T ETift
Pittard MackGwinnett
Pope J EllisToombs
Powell J WCoweta
Preston J TWalton
Purdy T JSpalding Purvis T FJefferson Rabun John PJefferson Rivers R EWheeler Roberts ColumbusMuscogee
Robertson J EDawson
Ross A RDodge Ross J AAppling Rosser J RalphWalker
Sammon F QGwinnett
Scarbrough C I Polk
Seckinger H LEffingham
Sharpe W GScreven
Newton
Atlanta
Cochran
Folkston
Thomasville
Moultrie
Americus
Jeffersonville
Columbus
Ocilla
Preston
LaGrange
Pearson
Cuthbert
Jonesboro
Homerville
Savannah
Dubhn
Adel
Gainesville
Pembroke
Smyrna
Macon
Franklin
Lakeland
Ashburn
Cartersville
Tifton
Duluth
Lyons
Newnan
Monroe
Griffin
Bartow
Stapleton
Glennwood
Columbus
Gainesville R 10
Eastman
Surrency
LaFayette
Lawrence ville
Cedartown
Rincon R 1
Syl vania
94
Name
County
Postoffice
Shirley Carlos V
Simmons J M
Sims H F
Sisk J T
Skelton James H
Spivey John B
Stanton C V
Stewart Charles E
Still Luther H
Stone Lowrey
Strickland D S
Strickland W O
Sutton W A
Swain C M
Tate Luke E
Taylor Jack B
Thomas W Glenn Thompson Olin M Thompson George
Tippins B G
Townsend J M C Trapnell J Comer
Trotter B R
Tucker Arlie D
Turner S Morton
Waldrop V M
Walker E L
Walker R W
Walker W A
Walker Wesley R
Wall J Oscar
Weeks Dr J L Westbrook Cruger
Whittle Wm A
Wilkes Dutch
Williams Eelix C
Wilson Fain S
Wood J Emory
Yawn J L
Milton Duluth R 2
Dfipatnr Bainbridge
Lincoln Lincolnton
Elbert Elberton
Hart Hartwell
Emanuel Swainsboro
Ware Waycross
Coffee Douglas
Fulton Atlanta
Early Blakely
Douglas Douglasville
Haralson Buchanan
Colquitt Moultrie
Warren Norwood
Pickens Jasper
Washington Sandersville
Wayne Jesup
Worth Sylvester
Barrow Winder
Evans Bellville
Dade Trenton
Candler Metter
Taliaferro Crawfordville
Berrien Nashville
Brooks Quitman
TTninn Blair sville
Morgan Madison
Screven Halcyondale
Brooks Quitman
Ben Hillj Fitzgerald
Putnam Eatonton
Columbia Harlem
Dougherty Albany
Upson Thomaston
Mitchell Pelham
Emanuel Swainsboro
Murray Chatsworth
Clarke Athens
Dodge Chauncey
95

STANDING COMMITTEES
OF THE
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
1931 1933
ACADEMY FOR THE BLIND
Harris Chairman Arnold Atwood Brown Cannon Childs Dorsett Edmondson Gary
Jones of Paulding
Pace ViceChairman McElreath McKoy Mercer Morris Pittard
Ross of Dodge
Sisk
Swain
Wilson
AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION
Rosser Chairman Alexander Almand Battle Beaman Brown Chalker Colson Cowart Crawford Davis of Jackson Davis of Mitchell Davis of Troup Duncan Dykes
Edwards of Lowndes
Evans
Fraser
Grayson
Griffin of Decatur
Hardin
Hawes
Hyman
Johnson of Montgomery
Spivey ViceChairman Jones of Burke Kennedy Key
King of Newton
Lanier
Lindsay
McGehee
McRae
McWhorter
Maynard
Mixon
Mooty
Moye
Mundy
Myrick
Nelson of Cook
Nelson of Laurens
Oliver
Park
Pope
Sisk
Stanton
Stone
Westbrook
98
APPROPRIATIONS
Culpepper Chairman
Allen
Almand
Arnold
Arrington
Ashley
Barrett
Bean
Beasley
Bennett of Bacon
Bland
Cain
Clements of Marion
Cochran
Cozart
Davis of Floyd
Donaldson
Eckford
Edwards of Gilmer
Franklin
Graham
Grayson
Hardin
Harris
Harrison of Camden Hatcher
Howard of Chattahoochee
Hubbard of Habersham Irvin
Johnson of Pike Jones of Burke
Rivers ViceChairman
King of Clay
King of Newton
Leathers
Lester
McGehee
Mallard
Montgomery
McWhorter
Pace
Patten
Phillips
Powell
Purdy
Rabun
Rivers
Scarborough
Sharpe
Shirley
Sisk
Skelton
Stone
Strickland of Douglas
Swain
Thomoson
Trapnell
Thompson
Tippins
Walker of Ben Hill Walker of Brooks Wall
Westbrook
Williams
99
AUDITING
Hutcheson Chairman Elliott ViceChairman
Hardin Patten
Howard of Chatta Sims
hoochee Swain
Johnson of Pike Townsend
McWhorter Walker of Morgan
Montgomery Mundy Wall
AVIATION
Wilkes Chairman Bland ViceChairman
Bean Jones of Lumpkin
Davis of Mitchell Lance
Donaldson Mardre
Evans Nelson of Lauren
Gillen Peebles
Grayson Thomas
Harris Turner
Johnson of Seminole Walker of Brooks
BANKS AND BANKING
Stanton Chairman Edwards of Lowndes ViceChairman
Almand Leathers
Arnold Musgrove
Beaman Nelson of Cook
Beasley Nelson of Laurens
Chalker Sharpe
Crowe Sisk
Cullens Sutton
Fagan Swain
Freeman Thomas
Hatcher Walker of Ben Hill
Huddleston Lance Weeks
100
CONSERVATION
Howard of Long Ptjrvs ViceChairman
Chairman
Bunn Patten
Cain Paulk
Carlisle of Grady Roberts
Courson Ross of Dodge
Cullens Seckinger
Evans Simmons
Holt Strickland of Haralson
Musgrove Tate
Osteen Walker of Screven
CORPORATIONS
Walker of Ben Hill Scarbrough
Chairman ViceChairman
Ashley McKoy
Brannen Maynard
Brown Mundy
Brunson Parham
Carlisle of Grady Park
Cowart Phillips
Davis of Mitchell Sammon
Duncan Skelton
Hawes Taylor
Horne Thompson
COUNTIES AND COUNTY MATTERS
Andrews Chairman Mundy ViceChairman
Atwood Dixon
Awtrey Edmondson
Courson Elliott
Cozart Evans
Crawford Freeman ff
l LIBRARY
101
gforG
Gary Oliver
Graham Parham
Greer Patten
Griffeth Peebles
Gullatt Phillips
Harrison of Jenkins Preston
Hodges Purvis
Horne Roberts
Howard of Chatta Ross of Appling
hoochee Ross of Dodge
Hubbard of Wilkinson Stewart
Hutcheson Still
Johnston Thomoson
Jones of Paulding Trotter
Killebrew Walker of Morgan
Kimsey Whittle
McRae Williams
Mallard Wilson
Morris Yawn
Musgrove
DRAINAGE
Seckinger Chairman Moye ViceChairman
Arnold Courson
Bean Crowe
Bennett of Bacon Gary
Brannen Harrison of Jenkins
Bush Howard of Long
Cartledge McGehee
Childs Mardre
EDUCATION
Davis of Floyd Chairman Patten ViceChairman
Andrews Barrett
Arrington Bean
Awtrey Bennett of Bacon
102
Bush
Chambers
Childs
Clark
Clements of Marion
Clements of Telfair
Courson
Davis of Troup
Donaldson
Duncan
Edwards of Lowndes
Elliott
Freeman
Graham
Green
Griffeth
Gullatt
Harris
Harrison of Camden
Hawes
Hodges
Howard of Chattahoochee
Hubbard of Habersham Hutcheson James
Johnson of Montgomery
Jones of Lumpkin Jones of Paulding
Kimbrough
Kimsey
King of Newton
Lanier
Lindsay
Lord
McGehee
McKoy
Mallard
Mercer
Mixon
Mundy
Pace
Pittard
Robertson
Ross of Appling
Scarbrough
Skelton
Stanton
Still
Strickland of Douglas Strickland of Haralson Sutton Tippins Townsend Trotter Waldrop
Walker of Morgan
Whittle
Williams
Lord Chairman
Arnold
Brunson
Chambers
ENGROSSING
Bargeron ViceChairman
Courson Davis of Floyd Fagan
103
Franklin
Harris
Hyman
McLeod
Maynard
Parham Robertson Seckinger Walker of Brooks Weeks
ENROLLMENT
Hubbard of Wilkinson Chairman
Andrews
Barrett
Clements of Telfair Culpepper of Echols Harrison of Camden Hodges
Jones of Paulding Lanham Mallard
James ViceChairman
Paulk
Robertson
Sammon
Sims
Trapnell
Waldrop
Walker of Screven Wilkes
EXCUSE OF MEMBERS ABSENT WITHOUT LEAVE
Edmondson Chairman
Adams
Arnold
Awtrey
Hubbard of Habersham Killebrew
Mercer ViceChairman
King of Newton
Mattox
Montgomery
Stewart
Waldrop
GAME AND FISH
Mardre Chairman Harrison of Camden
ViceChairman
Atwood Cullens
Bargeron Dixon
Colson Edmondson
Courson
104
Edwards of Gilmer
Fraser
Green
Gullatt
Harrison of Jenkins Howard of Long Lewis of Hancock McLeod Mallard
Musgrove
Osteen
Patten
Rabun
Rivers
Ross of Appling Seckinger Sharpe Swain
GENERAL AGRICULTURE NUMBER ONE
Johnson of Seminole Chairman
Arnold Atwood Bargeron Bennett of Bacon Cain
Cartledge
Clark
Cochran
Collier
Cullens
Culpepper of Echols
Davis of Floyd
Davis of Jackson
Dorsett
Elliott
Gary
Graham
Green
Hampton
Harris
Shirley ViceChairman
Hodges Hutcheson Jones of Paulding Key
Kimbrough
King of Clay
Leathers
McGehee
McKoy
McLeod
Mardre
Mixon
Morris
Paulk
Rabun
Roberts
Sammon
Thomoson
Walker of Ben Hill
Yawn
105
GENERAL AGRICULTURE NUMBER TWO
Rabun Chairman
Almand
Andrews
Bennett of Jeff Davis
Bush
Chambers
Childs
Clements of Telfair
Cowart
Cozart
Dixon
Griffeth
Griffin of Wilkes Horne Killebrew Kimsey
Lewis of Gordon
Lord
Mattox
Mercer
Montgomery
Mooty
Phillips of Tift
ViceChairman
Moye Osteen Parham Pittard Powell Preston Purdy Robertson Sharpe Sims Stewart Strickland of Haralson Thompson Tippins
Walker of Brooks
Walker of Morgan
Walker of Screven
Wall
Whittle
Wilson
GEORGIA SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF
Lanham Chairman
Adams
Clark
Cowart
Davis of Floyd Freeman Harris Holt
Thomoson ViceChairman
Hubbard of Wilkinson
Kimsey
Mercer
Paulk
Rabun
Sutton
Walker of Morgan
106
GENERAL JUDICIARY NUMBER ONE
Lewis of Hancock Chairman
King of Newton
ViceChairman
Alexander Carlisle of Grady Cowart Crowe
Culpepper of Fayette Davis of Jackson Duncan Dykes
Edwards of Lowndes
Evans
Fraser
Gillen
Grayson
Hubbard of Wilkinson Johnson of Montgomery
Jones of Burke
Key
Lanier
Logan
McGehee
Mooty
Mundy
Nelson of Cook
Nelson of Laurens
Oliver
Pope
Rosser
Spivey
Stanton
Sutton
Taylor
Thomas
Wilkes
GENERAL JUDICIARY NUMBER TWO
Allen Chairman
Battle
Beaman
Brown
Brunson
Carlisle of Bibb
Colson
Davis of Mitchell
Davis of Troup
Edwards of Gilmer
Fagan
Greer
Hatcher
Stone ViceChairman
Hawes
Huddleston
Hyman
Johnson of Pike
Kennedy
King of Clay
Lanham
Lester
Lindsay
Mattox
Maynard
Mixon
107

Myrick
Park
Powell
Purdy
Sisk
Skelton
Strickland of Douglas
Townsend
Trapnell
Turner
Westbrook
Williams
GEORGIA STATE SANITARIUM Bland Chairman Pope ViceChairman
Arrington Mattox
Childs Mixon
Clements of Telfair Morris
Davis of Troup Powell
Edwards of Stephens Preston
Franklin Purvis
Gary Robertson
Green Sarnmon
Griffeth Sims
Griffin of Wilkes Stanton
Hampton Stewart
Hatcher Strickland
Hodges Townsend
Johnson of Pike Walker of
Lewis of Gordon Weeks
Lord Whittle
HALLS AND ROOMS Hodges Chairman
Arrington
Beaman
Beasley
Bland
Bush
Clements of Telfair Culpepper of Echols
Montgomery
ViceChairman
Donaldson
Johnson of Seminole
Nelson of Cook
Osteen
Powell
Rivers
Thomas
108
INSURANCE
Key Chairman
Allen
Almand
Brannen
Cain
Clements of Marion
Cowart
Cozart
Davis of Jackson
Harrison of Jenkins
Irvin
Lanier
Leathers
Lewis of Hancock
Ashley ViceChairman
McWhorter
Maynard
Meredith
Park
Rabun
Ross of Dodge Sammon
Strickland of Douglas Strickland of Haralson Thompson Trotter
HYGIENE AND SANITATION
Cannon Chairman
Bennett of Bacon
Brannen
Brunson
Cochran
Dixon
Franklin
Green
Harrison of Jenkins
McElreath
McKoy
McRae
Mattox
Gary ViceChairman
Mixon
Morris
Moye
Pace
Rabun
Ross of Appling
Thomoson
Wall
Williams
Yawn
Weeks
INVALID PENSIONS AND SOLDIERS HOME
Montgomery Chairman Bargeron
Clements of Telfair
Cartledge
ViceChairman
Dixon
Edmondson
109
Griffin of Wilkes Mattox
Hubbard of Haber Ross of Appling
sham Waldrop
Hutcheson Irvin Walker of Screven
JOURNALS
Hardin Chairman Nelson of Laurens ViceChairman
Brunson Shirley
Bunn Spivey
Donaldson Stone
Evans Swain
Purvis Scarbrough Taylor
LABOR AND LABOR STATISTICS
Still Chairman Leathers ViceChairman
Alexander Lewis of Hancock
Beaman Logan
Brannen McGehee
Carlisle of Bibb Mooty
Culpepper of Fayette Peebles
Griffin of Decatur Roberts
Hardin Rosser
Huddleston Simmons
Johnson of Seminole Westbrook
Key Lester Yawn
LEGISLATIVE AND CONGRESSIONAL
REAPPORTIONMENT
Thomas of Wayne Chairman Allen of Baldwin
ViceChairman
First District Second District
Beasley Crowe
Myrick Johnson of Seminole
Harrison of Jenkins Wilkes
110
Third District
Dykes
Greer
King of Clay Fourth District Huddleston Mooty Roberts Fifth District Cannon Lindsay McRae Sixth District Culpepper of Fayette
Key
JGillen
Seventh District Crawford Lewis of Gordon Rosser
Eighth District
Collier
Skelton
Wall
Ninth District
Lance
Edwards of Stephens Johnston Tenth District
Lewis of Hancock Taylor of Washington Eleventh District
Mallard
Stewart
Twelfth District
Nelson of Laurens
Rivers
Spivey
MANUFACTURES
Simmons Chairman
Bland
Clark
Clements of Marion Edwards of Stephens Holt
King of Clay
Johnston ViceChairman
Montgomery
Osteen
Phillips
Peebles
Tate
Wall
MILITARY AFFAIRS
Huddleston Chairman Jones of Burke
ViceChairman
Bargeron Brunson
Battle Carlisle of Bibb
Beaman Cozart
ill
Crowe
Fraser
Gillen
Grayson
Kennedy
Lewis of Hancock
Preston
Rosser
Shirley
Stone
Taylor
Trapnell
Walker of Brooks Wilkes
MINES AND MINING
Peebles Chairman
Awtrey
Cannon
Chambers
Edmondson
Hampton
Irvin
Tate ViceChairman
Jones of Lumpkin
Kimsey
McElreath
Simmons
Waldrop
Wilson
MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT
Trotter Chairman
Bennett of Bacon Bennett of Jeff Davis Bunn
Carlisle of Bibb
Cartledge
Davis of Jackson
Eckford
Fraser
Freeman
Grayson
Griffin of Decatur
Gullatt
Hatcher
Johnston
Kimbrough
Fagan ViceChairman
King of Clay
Lewis of Gordon
Logan
McElreath
Mooty
Morris
Nelson
Park
Peebles
Pope
Purdy
Spivey
Still
Walker of Ben Hill Wilkes
112
PENITENTIARY
Rivers Chairman Kimbrough
Almand ViceChairman
Andrews Hubbard of Wilkinson
Arrington James
Beasley Johnson of Seminole
Brannen Jones of Lumpkin
Bunn Jones of Paulding
Burton Killebrew
Cain Lance
Chalker Lewis of Gordon
Cochran Mattox
Crawford Montgomery
Cullens Morris
Culpepper of Echols Parham
Eckford Paulk
Edmondson Pittard
Franklin Purdy
Freeman Rabun
Grayson Sharpe
Green Sims
Griffin of Wilkes Skelton
Hampton Thomoson
Holt Turner
Howard of Chattahoochee Wall
PENSIONS
Duncan Chairman McKoy ViceChairman
Arnold Gary
Awtrey Hampton
Bennett of Jeff Davis Harris
Cannon Hatcher
Childs Maynard
Culpepper of Fayette Moye
Edwards of Stephens Pace
113
Seckinger
Waldrop
Yawn
PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR
Phillips
Pope
Preston
Robertson
Lewis of Gordon Chairman
Barrett
Bean
Brown
Carlisle of Grady Clements of Marion Cullens Greer
Johnson of Pike Killebrew
McWhorter
ViceChairman
Montgomery
Moye
Osteen
Paulk
Ross of Dodge Shirley
Strickland of Haralson
Townsend
Walker of Morgan
PRIVILEGES AND ELECTIONS
Jones of Lumpkin Chairman
Bush
Cain
Dixon
Elliott
Green
Hampton
Horne
Bennett of Bacon
ViceChairman
Lance
Mardre
Oliver
Powell
Sharpe
Walker of Screven Yawn
PUBLIC HIGHWAYS
Beasley Chairman Meredith ViceChairman
Burton Bunn Cannon Chalker
Adams
Alexander
Bland
Brunson
114
Clements of Marion
Clements of Telfair
Cochran
Collier
Courson
Crowe
Davis of Jackson
Davis of Troup
Dixon
Donaldson
Edmondson
Elliott
Franklin
Green
Griffin of Decatur
Gullatt
Hampton
Harrison of Jenkins Hall
Howard of
Chattahoochee Howard of Long Johnson of
Montgomery Johnson of Pike Johnson of Seminole Jones of Burke Jones of Lumpkin Key
Killebrew
Kimbrough
Lanham
Logan
McKoy
McLeod
McWhorter
Musgrove
Myrick
Nelson of Cook
Osteen
Parham
Peebles
Pittard
Purdy
Rabun
Rivers
Ross of Dodge
Scarborough
Sharpe
Sisk
Spivey
Stone
Strickland of Haralson Sutton Tate Taylor Thompson Tippins Townsend Trapnell Trotter Turner
Walker of Ben Hill
Walker of Screven
Westbrook
Wilkes
Wood
115
PUBLIC LIBRARY
Wall Chairman
Adams
Arrington
Bennett of Jeff Davis Burton Chambers Clements of Telfair Dorsett
PUBLIC
Griffin of Decatur Chairman
Almand
Bennett of Jeff Davis
Burton
Cartledge
Childs
Cullens
Eckford
Freeman
Greer
PUBLIC
James Chairman
Ashley
Barrett
Burton
Chambers
Colson
Dykes
Eckford
Graham
Griffeth
Griffin of Wilkes
Sims ViceChairman
Harrison of Jenkins
Johnson of Pike
Osteen
Powell
Seckinger
Stone
Townsend
PRINTING
Walker of Brooks
ViceChairman
Hampton
Harrison of Camden
Horne
Leathers
McLeod
Mixon
Pace
Purvis
Still
PROPERTY
Purdy ViceChairman
Horne
Hutcheson
Irvin
Lester
Mercer
Mixon
Robertson
Swain
Wilson
116
RAILROADS
Tippins Chairman Alexander Andrews Battle Brannen Bunn
Carlisle of Grady
Cochran
Collier
Cozart
Cullens
Culpepper of Fayette Davis of Floyd Edwards of Lowndes
Dykes ViceChairman Graham
Griffin of Decatur Hardin Hyman James
Jones of Burke
Lester
Logan
Myrick
McWhorter
Spivey
Stewart
RULES
The Speaker ExOfficio Chairman First District
Alexander Second District Westbrook Third District
Walker of Ben Hill Fourth District Meredith Fifth District
Gullatt Sixth District
Franklin
Seventh District
Rosser
Eighth District
Wood
Ninth District
Johnston Tenth District
Lanier
Nelson of Cook
ViceChairman Twelfth District
Fagan
Eleventh District
Turner
State at Large
Beasley
Bland
Brannen
Culpepper of Fayette Davis of Mitchell Gillen James
Johnson of Seminole
Lewis of Hancock
Patten
Rivers
Simmons
Still
Thomas
Trotter
117
SANATARIUM AT ALTO
Weeks Chairman Morris ViceChairman
Awtrey Killebrew
Brown Logan
Cannon McElreath
Clark McLeod
Cowart Mundy
Dixon Pace
Edwards of Stephens Pittard
Green Purdy
Howard of Shirley
Chattahoochee Wilson
Hubbard of Habersham
SPECIAL JUDICIARY
Crawford Chairman Freeman ViceChairman
Ashley McWhorter
Bennett of Jeff Davis Meredith
Cain Moye r
Chalker Parham
Dorsett Roberts
Holt Ross of Dodge
Hyman Sharpe
Irvin Sims
Kimsey Whittle
Lewis of Gordon Wood
McRae
STATE OK THE REPUBLIC
Collier Chairman Huddleston ViceChairman
Alexander Beaman
Andrews Beasley
Battle Bland
118
Cochran
Colson
Crowe
Davis of Troup
Duncan
Eckford
Edwards of Lowndes
Fagan
Grayson
Greer
Hatcher
Holt
Howard of Long
Rivers
Roberts
Thomas
Trotter
Walker of Ben Hill
TEMPERANCE
Awtrey Chairman Ross of Appling
ViceChairman
Adams
Arnold
Arrington
Cartledge
Childs
Culpepper of Echols
Graham
Griffeth
Hodges
Lord
McKoy
Pittard
Seckinger
Walker of Screven
Weeks
Yawn
TRAINING SCHOOLS
Franklin Chairman
Adams
Bargeron
Bush
Davis of Floyd Dixon Dorsett Eckford
Edwards of Gilmer
Lance ViceChairman
Edwards of Stephens Elliott
Howard of Long
Kimsey
McLeod
Patten
Wilson
Yawn
119
UNIFORM STATE LAWS
Chalker Chairman
Allen
Atwood
Brannen
Brown
Bush
Donaldson
Irvin
Edwards of Gilmer
ViceChairman
Lance
Lanham
Mercer
Oliver
Pope
Strickland of Douglas Wall
UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA AND ITS BRANCHES
Lindsey Chairman Adams Ashley Bargeron Barrett Battle Bean Burton Cartledge Chalker Collier Donaldson Edwards of Gilmer Edwards of Stephens Franklin Fraser Gary
Griffin of Wilkes Horne Hubbard of
Habersham
Huddleston
James
Jones of Lumpkin
Mixon ViceChairman Kennedy Lanham Lester
Lewis of Gordon
McWhorter
Mundy
Nelson of Laurens
Oliver
Paulk
Phillips
Preston
Rivers
Sammon
Shirley
Simmons
Tate
Thompson
Tippins
Trapnell
Turner
Westbrook
Wilkes
Wood
120
WAYS AND MEANS
Davis of Mitchell Chairman
Atwood
Awtrey
Brunson
Bunn
Burton
Carlisle of Bibb Carlisle of Grady Clark
Clements of Telfair
Collier
Colson
Crawford
Dykes
Edwards of Lowndes
Edwards of Stephens
Fagan
Gillen
Greer
Griffin of Decatur
Gullatt
Holt
Howard of Long Hyman Johnson of
Montgomery Johnson of Seminole Johnston Kennedy Key
Kimbrough
Lanham
Battle ViceChairman Lanier
Lewis of Gordon
Lindsay
Logan
Lord
McElreath
McRae
Mardre
Meredith
Mooty
Musgrove
Myrick
Nelson of Cook Park Purvis Roberts Rosser Sammon Simmons Spivey Stanton Stewart Strickland of Haralson Sutton Tate Trapnell Trotter Weeks Whittle Wood
121
WESTERN AND ATLANTIC RAILROAD
Meredith Chairman
Allen
Almand
Bennett of Jeff Davis
Brunson
Cannon
Carlisle of Bibb Clark
Clements of Marion Courson
Davis of Mitchell
Dorsett
Eckford
Evans
Fraser
Greer
Harrison of Camden
Hawes
Hyman
Johnson of
Montgomery
Kennedy
Hatcher ViceChairman
King of Newton
Lindsay
Lord
McElreath
McGehee
Mattox
Oliver
Peebles
Ross of Dodge
Rosser
Scarborough
Sisk
Skelton
Taylor
Thomas
Thomoson
Walker of Brooks
Walker of Morgan
Wilkes
Williams
122
Rules of the House of Representatives
Adopted for the Session of 1931

THE SPEAKER
Rule 1 The Speaker shall in his discretion suspend irrelevant debate and command silence whenever he may deem it needful
Rule 2 In all cases of election by the House the Speaker shall vote In other cases he shall not vote unless the House be equally divided or unless his vote if given to the minority will make the division equal and in case of such equal division the question shall be lost But in all cases where a fixed constitutional vote is required to pass the bill or measure under consideration and said bill or measure shall lack only one vote to pass the same the Speaker shall vote and his vote so cast shall be counted the same as that of any other member
Rule 3 When two or more members shall rise at the same time the Speaker shall name the person entitled to proceed
Rule 4 All committees shall be appointed by the Speaker unless otherwise ordered by the House
Rule 5 The method of stating a question or any motion by the Speaker after the same has been read to the House by the Clerk shall be as follows All in favor of the motion will say Aye Those opposed will say No And when a decision may seem doubtful to the Speaker or a division of the House is called for by any one member of the House the Speaker shall call upon the members in favor of the motion to rise and after a count is had by the clerk he shall call upon the member to reverse their positions and the Speaker shall announce the result
Discretion of Speaker
When Speaker1 shall vote
Right of member to the floor to be decided by the Speaker
Appointment of Committees
Methods of stating a auestion by Speaker
125

Speaker may name members to preside
Duty of Clerk when Speaker is absents
Appeals from ruling of the Speaker
When no debate on appeals
Appeals to be made at once
When members may address the House
Rule 6 The Speaker may during a days sitting name any member to perform the duties of the Chair during any part of that sitting but no longer
Rule 7 Whenever from any cause the Speaker shall be absent the Speaker pro tempore shall preside and if both shall be absent the Clerk of the House shall call the House to Order and shall preside until a Speaker pro tempore shall be elected which said election shall be the first business of the House The Speaker pro tempore thus elected shall preside until the return of one of the first named officers when his functions shall cease
Rule 8 Should any member of the House be dissatisfied with the ruling of the Speaker on any point he shall rise and respectfully address the Speaker and say I appeal from the decision of the Chair The Speaker will then state to the House the point ruled on and his decision on it and shall then put the question of appeal to the House as follows All in favor of the decision of the Chair standing as the sense of this House will say Aye Those opposed will say No and the decision of the House in sustaining or overruling the Speaker shall be final
Rule 9 On all appeals on questions of order of a personal character there shall be no debate
Rule 10 All appeals from the decision of the Chair shall be made immediately and no appeal shall be in order after other business has intervened from the time of the alleged error of the Chair and before said appeal is sought to be made
Rule 11 Where debate is permissible on appeals from the decision of the Chair any member after being recognized by the Speaker may address his remarks directly to the House
126
Rule 12 The Speaker shall have power to suspend the Messenger and Doorkeepers for misconduct or neglect of duty and when such suspension has been made he shall report the same to the House within twentyfour hours thereafter for such action as the House may see fit to take in the premises
Rule 13 The Speaker shall have power to cause the galleries and lobbies of the House cleared by the Messenger and Doorkeepers in case of disturbance or disorderly conduct therein and to cause any person or persons so offending to be arrested and brought before the bar of the House to be dealt with for contempt of the House
Rule 14 When less than a quorum vote on any subject under consideration by the House the Speaker may order the bar of the House to be closed and the roll of members called by the Clerk and if it is ascertained that a quorum is present either by answering to their names or by their presence in the House and if any member present then refuses to vote unless excused such refusal shall be deemed a contempt of the House
Rule 15 The Speaker may at any time order the roll called on any question and take the vote by yeas and nays where a division of the House discloses the fact that a quorum of the House has not voted
Rule 16 All questions as to the priority of business to be acted on shall be decided by the Speaker without debate
v
ON DECORUM AND DEBATE
Rule 17 When any member is about to speak in debate or deliver any matter to the House he shall rise and respectfully address himself to Mr Speaker He shall be confined to matter in debate shall not
Power of Speaker to suspend subordinate officers
When Speaker may order galleries and lobbies cleared
No quorum voting duty of Speaker
When Speaker may order vote taken by yeas and nays
Decision on questions of priority
Conduct of members in debate
127
Time extended how
Expulsion
Exception to words spoken Proviso
speak more than twice on any subject or more than once until every member choosing to speak shall have spoken
No member of the House shall occupy the floor longer than one 1 hour in debating any question unless otherwise ordered by the House and any motion to limit or extend the time of individual speeches shall be decided without debate No such motion shall prevail unless it shall receive the affirmative votes of two thirds of those voting Such motion may be made at any time that the movant thereof may legitimately obtain the floor
If any member in speaking or otherwise transgress the rules of the House the Speaker shall call him to order in which case the member so called to order shall immediately sit down unless permitted to explain The House shall if appealed to decide and if the decision of the House be not submitted to the delinquent for the first offense shall be reproved for the second fined in a sum not exceeding ten dollars and continuing refractory may be expelled from the House by a twothirds vote of the members which said vote shall be taken by yeas and nays and recorded on the Journal of the House
Rule 18 If any member be called to order for words spoken the words excepted to shall be taken down in writing by the Clerk and read then admitted denied or explained by the member who spoke and thereupon the question of order shall be decided and such other proceedings had as the House nlay deem proper in regard thereto Provided that if at the time the House is acting under the previous question such question of order and other proceedings referred to shall not be taken up for decision until after the previous question and the main questions have been exhausted or until such further
128
time as may then be ordered by the House But no member shall be held to answer or be subject to the censure of the House for words spoken in debate if any other member has spoken or other business has intervened after the words were spoken and before the exception to them was taken
Rule 19 The members of the House shall forbear from private conversation and preserve silence until a speaking member shall have taken his seat
Rule 20 The members shall avoid naming each other when they may have occasion to take notice of their observations but may designate them by the place in which they may be or the county they represent
Rule 21 No member shall address the House except as heretofore stated in case of appeals or interrogate a member who is speaking except through the Speaker and should the member speaking decline to be interrupted the Speaker shall cause the member desiring to interrogate to be silent
Rule 22 No member shall vote upon any question in the result of which he is immediately and particularly interested In every case where the seat of a member is being contested the sitting member and the contestant shall both retire from the House before the vote is taken
Rule 23 Any member may enter a protest in writing against the action of the House said protest shall clearly and succinctly set forth the grounds of such protest and shall not be argumentative nor arraign nor impugn the motive of the House nor any member thereof and such protest shall be entered by the Clerk upon the Journal of the House
Rule 24 No member shall smoke in the House nor shall he converse with any one over the bar thereof
Silence
Mode of
designating
members
House how addressed Questions and interruptions
Shall not vote when interested in result
Protests
Smoking and conversation prohibited
129
Duty wMle member Is speaking and at adjournment
Matters transpiring in Senate Committees and private conversation not to be referred to
Laudatory and disparaging remarks when forbidden
Applause and hisses forbidden
No debate during yeas and nays
Only one motion can be made at a time
Explanation
Rule 25 No member shall be permitted to enter upon the floor of the House or remain thereon in an intoxicated condition and the Messenger and the Doorkeepers of the House are specially charged with the rigid enforcement of this rule
Rule 26 No member shall pass between the Chair and a member while he is speaking nor shall any member at the time of adjournment leave his seat until the Speaker retires
Rule 27 No member shall in debate refer to any private conversation had with another member or to any matters which have transpired in any committee or in the Senate
Rule 28 In nominating candidates for any office no laudatory remarks shall be allowed nor shall any other candidate be disparaged
Rule 29 Applause or hisses in the Representative chamber or in the galleries or lobby during any speech or legislative proceedings shall be promptly suppressed
Rule 30 During the calling or reading of yeas and nays on any question no debate shall be had
Rule 31 No member can make more than one motion at a time and while the motion is being put to the House he must resume his seat and he is not further entitled to the floor unless again recognized by the Speaker
Rule 32 On all questions except such as are not debatable any member on the call of the ayes and nays shall as a matter of right be allowed three minutes in which to explain his vote Where the vote on any question is not taken by ayes and nays no member shall be allowed to explain except by unanimous consent of the House No mention shall
130
be entertained to vary this rule nor to extend a members time for explaining
Rule 33 When the reading of any paper is called Reading of for and the same is objected to by any member Dapersit shall be determined by a vote of the House and this motion shall be decided without debate
Rule 34 Every member within the hall when a Kff question is put shall vote unless he is immediately voteand particularly interested therein or the House shall excuse him A motion to excuse a member from voting must be made before the Hous divides or before the call of the yeas and nays is commenced Motion to and it shall be decided without debate except that STinade the member making the motion may briefly state the fronting reason why in his opinion it ought to prevail
Rule 35 No member shall be allowed to address himself to any question and then make any motion the effect of which is to cut off debate without relinquishing the floor
DIVISION OF A QUESTION
Rule 36 Any member may call for a division of Call for a the question on a subject in which the sense thereof mvlsionwill admit of it
Rule 37 The member calling for a division must Division state into how many and definitely what parts he hW made would have the question divided Each part of the divided proposition must be so distinct that if taken away the remainder can stand by themselves and be consistent and entire
Rule 38 A qualifying paragraph an exception or Qualifying a proviso if taken from that to which it blongs Sf would not contain a distinct or entire proposition vfcionf0
Rule 39 A motion to strike out and insert is strikeout an indivisible proposition SSKie
131
Call of countless
Bills and resolutions called ini order Proviso
BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Rule 40 The Clerk shall on Mondays Wednesdays and Fridays call the counties for the introduction of new matter beginning alternately at the first and last of the alphabet Provided that no member shall introduce more than one bill of a general nature on any day except companion bills and provided further no bill providing for an appropriation of money shall be introduced during the last thirty days of a regular session except by consent of twothirds of the House which twothirds shall be equal to a majority of all of the members elected to the House The question of the introduction of such bill shall be debatable for ten minutes five minutes by the author or other member designated by him and five minutes by member or members opposing such introduction
Rule 41 All bills and resolutions shall be called in the numerical order in which they stand on the calendar and before reading any bill or resolution the second or third time the Clerk shall distinctly state its number and the name of the member by whom introduced provided that House and Senate bills and resolutions adversely reported shall not be taken up for a second reading except by request of the authors of such bill or resolution or some member of the House provided that the General Tax Bill and the General Appropriation Bill shall take precedence on third reading over all other matters even Special Orders until the said Bills shall have been finally disposed of In order that the proper num erical order may be accurately and fairly determined as between bills and resolutions it shall be the duty of the Clerk to place on each bill and resolution as same is read the first time a number following the numerical order in which said bills and resolutions are read the first time adopting one series of numbers
132
and the same series of numbers for both bills and resolutions and not a separate series of numbers as heretofore practiced
Rule 42 Every motion to suspend the rules for the purpose of taking up bills or resolutions out of their regular order and every motion to make special orders shall be submitted in writing and reported upon by the Committee on Rules before being submitted to the House
Rule 43 The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent for the introduction of new matter nor to read any bill or resolution the second time or any local bill or resolution a third time or to put any local bill or resolution upon its passage or to recommit a bill or resolution or to withdraw from one committee and recommit to another a bill or resolution except during the first thirty minutes after the confirmation of the Journal or after the reading of the Journal has been dispensed with The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to put any general bill or resolution upon its passage or to read such bill or resolution second time and recommit The Speaker shall entertain but one unanimous consent at any time
The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to make a special order or to change the order of business except that by unanimous consent an order of business may be fixed for the period of Unanimous Consents
The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to cast his vote on any motion resolution amend
Effect of
unanimous
consent
133
Suspension of rules
No debate
ment bill or other question nor shall any member be permitted to cast his vote on any motion resolution amendment bill or other question until the question is put to the House by the Speaker on viva voce vote or division of the House or until after the roll call has begun
The Speaker shall entertain but one unanimous consent at any one time
Rule 44 The rules of this House known as Constitutional rules shall in no case be suspended all other rules shall in no case be suspended nor changed nor the order of business be changed except by a vote of twothirds of themembers voting Provided however that in order to so change or suspend the rules or change the order of business said twothirds so voting in favor of said change or suspension shall constitute a majority of the members of the whole House
Rule 45 No suspension of change or addition to these rules shall be made unless such proposed change or addition or suspension of be first referred to the Committee on Rules and reported back to the House Provided however that immediately after the confirmation of the Journal on the day following the introduction in the House of the proposed change or addition to these rules the Committee on Rules shall report the same back to the House A failure to so report such proposed change or addition to these rules for two days shall automatically bring said proposed change or addition before the House for consideration
Rule 46 Any motion to suspend rules or change the rules or change the order of business shall be decided without debate Provided however that whenever a report from the Committee on Rules is submitted to the House the questions arising on said report shall be debatable until the report of the Corn
134
mittee is agreed to or disagreed to or the main question is ordered There shall be no debate however on the report of the Committee on Rules during the last fourteen days of the session
Rule 47 It shall be in order to introduce bills or Bills etc other matter upon the call of the counties without tooduSd any previous notice having been given for that purpose
Rule 48 No debate shall be admitted upon any on firstate Bill at the first reading Upon the introduction of readlng any Bill or Resolution or other matter requiring reference to a Committee the Speaker shall as a matter of course and without debate commit the same to the proper committee unless otherwise ordered by the House
No bill or resolution shall be engrossed except upon the affirmative vote of twothirds of the members present No member shall be recognized at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to engross a bill or resolution When a motion to engross is made which motion may be made upon reading the bill the first time and at no other time no debate shall be permitted except that the movant may speak to his motion not longer than five minutes and any one other member of the House may speak in opposition thereto for five minutes
In case of engrossment of any bill or other matter the entry thereof shall be made by the Clerk and the Bill or other matter shall not be amendable thereafter unless subsequently committed In cases where favorable the report of a committee is favorable to the passage reDOrtf of a bill the same shall be read a second time and passed to a third reading without question Where the report of a committee is adverse to the passage of a bill on the second reading thereof the question shall be on agreeing to the report of the committee
135
Bills when withdrawn
Adverse report of committee Transmission to Senate majority vote
Bills when printed
If the report of the committee is agreed to the bill shall be lost If the report of the committee is disagreed to the bill shall be passed to a third reading unless recommitted Any bill may be withdrawn at any stage theref by consent of the House
When motion is made to refer a bill or resolution to a committee other than the one to which it is referred by the Speaker even though instructions be added no debate shall be permitted except that movant may speak to his motion not longer than five minutes and any one other member of the House may speak in opposition thereto for five minutes No debate shall be permitted unless instructions are added
All resolutions providing for appointment of committees of inquiry or investigation and any and all other resolutions not privileged except motions for information from the Executive Department and any other Department of the State Government shall be referred by the Speaker to the appropriate committee unless by order of the House referred to some other committee
Rule 49 No bill or resolution shall be transmitted to the Senate on the day of the passage thereof unless twothirds of the members present shall so order
Rule 50 No bill shall be printed until after the same has been reported to the House by the committee to which it has been referred or by request of said committee and the order of the House agreeing thereto No request for unanimous consent or motion to print a bill shall be made except immediately following the thirty minute period of Unanimous Consents No debate shall be permitted on such a motion except that the movant may speak to his motion not longer than three minutes and any one other member of the House may speak in opposition thereto
136
for three minutes provided however that when a bill is actually before the House for consideration such request for unanimous consent or a motion to print may be made but the motion to print shall not take precedence of any other motion permitted under Rule No 55 The motion to print may be made after the motion to table or the motion to postpone to a time certain shall have prevailed The debate on such motion shall be limited as above set forth
Rule 51 All proceedings touching the appropriating of money shall be considered in the Committee of the Whole House
Rule 52 All bills and resolutions shall be in writing and shall have the name of the member introducing the same as well as the county he represents indorsed on the back of the same and in the case of bills the caption of the bill shall also be indorsed on the same
Rule 53 Where a bill or resolution has been referred and reported by more than one committee or has been reported on and recommitted to the same committee the last committee report shall be acted on by the House and in all cases the report of the Committee of the Whole House shall be first acted on by the House
Rule 54 The Committee on Rules during the last fourteen days of each session shall arrange a calendar for each days business and such calendar shall be a standing and continuing Special Order during said period and no matter shall be taken up or acted on otherwise than in the order fixed by such calendar except by a vote of a majority of all of the members elected to the House During the period of operation under this rule the calendar or order of business fixed by committee on rules shall be read by the clerk immediately after Confirmation of the Journal of
Committee of the Whole House See Rule 107jet al
Bills and Resolutions to be in writing How indorsed
Reports of committees order of action
137
Order of precedence
Not debatable when may be renewed
each morning session and immediately after Call of the Roll of each afternoon session and any motion to amend such report either by striking inserting or changing the order shall be made within the first thirty minutes after the reading of such report After the reading of such report and announcement by the Speaker that it is in order for such motions to be made and no such motions being made the House shall proceed to business under the calendar so fixed after which no such motion shall be made during that session No such motion to amend the report of the Committee on Rules shall be debatable during the period of operation under this Rule
PRECEDENCE OF MOTIONS
Rule 55 When any subject is before the House for consideration or under debate no motion shall be received except the following towit
1st Motion to adjourn
2d A motion to lay on table
3d A motion for the previous question
4th A motion to adjourn to a time definite
5th A motion to postpone indefinitely
6th A motion to postpone to a day certain
7th A motion to commit
8th A motion to amend
9th A motion to print
Which said motions shall have precedence in the order in which they stand as above arranged
MOTION TO ADJOURN
Rule 56 A motion to adjourn is in no instance debatable nor shall said motion be made a second time until further progress has been made in the business beforethe House A motion to adjourn in its simple form shall not be amended
138
Rule 57 A motion to adjourn to a particular day or for a particular time if made when the House is not actually engaged in other business is debatable
Rule 58 The motion to adjourn can be made at any time when the member moving it can legitimately obtain the floor
Rule 59 A motion to adjourn may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the House has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to adjourn is in order nor shall any motion to adjourn be in order after the Clerk has called the first name of the yeas and nays and a vote of one member has been given or after a division of the House has been had on a vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced but in such cases the rollcall shall be completed the vote counted and the result finally announced before a motion to adjourn shall be in order
Rule 60 When a motion to adjourn in its simple form prevails it adjourns the House to the next sitting day or time in course
Rule 61 Whenever the hour of adjournment as fixed by a prior resolution shall arrive while the vote of the House is being taken by yeas and nays the session shall continue until the final vote is taken and announced and if said fixed hour of adjournment shall arrive while the House is acting on the main question after the main question has been ordered and before the vote on the main question is being taken either by a division or by the yeas and nays as aforesaid the House shall stand adjourned by virtue of said prior resolution
When made debatable
When not in order
Effect of adjournment
Hour of adjournment What business postponed
139
Amendment or substitute cannot be laid on table
How matters may be taken from table
Effect of vote to table
Effect of vote to take from table
No motion to table in order until rollcall is completed
When renewed
Not debatable or amendable
MOTIONS TO LAY ON TABLE
Rule 62 No motion to lay an amendment or substitute on the table shall be in order
Rule 63 A majority of a quorum voting may take from the table at any time when the House is not engaged on any other measure any bill resolution or other paper which has been ordered to lie on the table and when so taken up the same is thereby restored to its appropriate place on the calendar
Rule 64 If the motion to lay on the table prevails it removes from the consideration of the House the measure together with all the motions attached to it at the time it is so disposed of
Rule 65 When the proposition is again taken from the table it stands before the House in the exact form with all the motions pertaining to it just as it did at the time the motion to lay on the table prevailed
Rule 66 After a yea and nay vote is called on any bill or resolutionthe House not acting at the time under the previous questionand one vote has been recorded no motion to table shall be in order until the rollcall shall have been completed When any bill or resolution is tabled after the completion of the rollcall and then taken from the table nothing can be done except to announce the result of said vote as shown by said rollcall at the time said bill or resolution was tabled
Rule 67 A motion to lay on the table or to take from the table can be renewed from time to time when new business has intervened between the votes
Rule 68 Neither the motion to lay on the table nor the motion to take from the table is debatable or amendable
140
Rule 69 Nothing can be legitimately laid on the Cm table excepting what can be taken up again be tabled
Rule 70 A motion to lay on the table may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the House has voted on the main question shall be now put no motion to lay on the table is in order
THE MOTION FOR THE PREVIOUS QUESTION
Rule 71 The motion for the previous question Effect of shall be decided without debate and shall take pre Question cedence of all other motions except a motion to adjourn or to lay on the table but neither of said motions shall be made but once until after the previous question has been exhausted and when it is moved the question shall be Shall the motion for the previous question be sustained If this be decided by a majority of a quorum in the affirmative and the next question towit Shall the main question be now put is decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum all other motions except one to reconsider the action in ordering the main question will be out of order and the House cannot adjourn until the previous question is exhausted or the regular hour of adjournment arrives But no motion to reconsider the action of the House in ordering the main question shall be in order after the Clerk has called the first name on call of the ayes and nays and the vote of any member has been given or after a division of the House has been had on the vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced in such cases the roll call shall be completed the vote counted and the result finally announced
Rule 72 When the previous question has been mMutes ordered the House shall then proceed to act on the allowed main question without debate except that before the
141
Vote how taken
Effect of main question being ordered
Contested
Election
How Called and ordered
main question is put twenty minutes shall be allowed to the committee whose report of the bill or other measure is under consideration to close the debate Where the report of the committee is adverse to the passage of the bill or other measure the introducer of the bill shall be allowed twenty minutes before time allowed to the committee for closing the debate The Chairman of the committee or the introducer of the bill or other measure may yield the floor to such members as he may indicate for the time or any part of it allowed under this rule This rule shall not be construed to allow the twenty minutes above referred to to be used but once on any bill or measure and then on the final passage of the bill or measure
Rule 73 After the main question is ordered any member may call for a division of the House in taking the vote or may call for the yeas and nays if the call for the yeas and nays is sustained by onefifth of the members voting the vote shall be taken by the yeas and nays and so entered on the Journal
Rule 74 The effect of the order that the main question be now put is to bring the House to a vote on pending questions in the order in which they stood before it was moved
Rule 75 In all cases where a minority report has been submitted on any question if the previous question is ordered there shall be twenty minutes allowed to the member whose name is first signed to said minority report or to such member or members as he may indicate for the time so allowed or any part of it before the twenty minutes allowed to the Chairman submitting the majority report
Rule 76 The previous question may be called and ordered upon a single motion or an amendment or it may be made to embrace all authorized motions or amendments and include the entire bill to its passage or rejection
142
Rule 77 A call of the House shall not be in order after the previous question is ordered unless it shall appear upon an actual count by the Speaker that a quorum is not present
Rule 78 All incidental questions of order arising after a motion is made for the previous question and pending such motion shall be decided whether on appeal or otherwise without debate
MOTIONS TO INDEFINITELY POSTPONE
Rule 79 When a bill resolution or other measure is under consideration on the final reading thereof motion to indefinitely postpone if decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum thereby disposes of said bill resolution or other measure for the session
Rule 80 The motion to indefinitely postpone lays open the whole question for debate but it cannot be amended
Rule 81 While the motion to indefinitely postpone takes precedence over a motion to postpone to a day certain or to commit or amend yet this motion cannot be applied to said motions nor can it be applied to incidental questions such as questions of order reading of papers withdrawal of a motion and suspension of a rule
Rule 82 No motion to indefinitely postpone shall be renewed on any bill resolution or other measure after the same has been voted down
MOTION TO POSTPONE TO A DAY CERTAIN
Rule 83 The motion to postpone a bill resolution or other measure to a day certain when decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum removes the subject from before the House until the time designated and makes it a privileged question for that day so selected
Call of the House when In order
Question of order
Effect
Not amendable
When cannot be applied
Not renewed
143
negative Rule 84 If the motion to postpone a bill a reso
vote lution or other measure is decided in the negative
it leaves the question before the House as it was before the motion was made and it cannot be moved a second time on same day or at the same stage of the proceeding
Rule 85 This motion to postpone to a day certain amended may be amended by substituting one day for another
In this case the time would be treated as a blank and the Speaker should treat these propositions as he would those to fill blanks
To a day Rule 86 If a day designated is known to be be
selsionthe yond the session the Speaker shall treat the motion as though it had been a motion to indefinitely postpone the subject
Debate Rule 87 On a motion to postpone to a day certain
bowaSowed it is not in order to debate the merits of the question proposed to be postponed Debate may be allowed but it shall be confined strictly to the proposition to postpone and to show why one day is preferred to another It shall be the duty of the Speaker to hold members rigidly to these points
Motion how Rule 88 This motion cannot be applied to subordiappiied nate or dental questions but must be applied to the whole bill resolution or other measure before the House and when it prevails it carries forward the whole proposition and its appendages to the day named
MOTIONS TO COMMIT
Rule 89 Motions to commit may be made to refer commit0 a bill resolution or other measure to a standing or special committee or committee of the whole House
Precedence of Rule 90 A motion to commit to a standing committee takes precedence over a motion to commit
144
to a special committee and shall be first voted on but where a motion is made that a bill resolution or other measure be committed to the committee of the whole House this motion shall be put before either of the above named motions
Rule 91 On a motion simply to commit no debate shall be allowed but where instructions are added the merits of the question can be debated
Rule 92 A motion to commit may be amended by adding instructions or by substituting another committee for the one named by the member making the motion
Rule 93 Any proposition that has been referred to any committee either standing or special may on motion be recommitted to the same or any other committee by a majority of a quorum
MOTIONS TO AMEND
Rule 94 There are three ways in which a proposition may be amended towit
1st By inserting or adding words
2d By striking out words
3d By striking out and inserting words
An amendment is itself subject to be amended in all three of the ways above mentioned but it is not admissible to amend an amendment to an amendment
Rule 95 A substitute is simply an amendment it is in effect a motion to strike out all after the enacting clause of a bill or the word Resolved in a resolution and insert that offered as a substitute
When debatable
How
amended
Motion to recommit
Amendments how made
Substitute
145
BUI first perfected then the substitute
When too late to amend
Must be in writing
Priority
Blanks
Caption
when
amended
Amending by sections
Rule 96 When a bill or resolution is before the House for consideration and amendments are pending thereto and a substitute shall be offered for said bill or resolution and an amendment shall be offered to said substitute it shall be in order for the House to first perfect the original bill or resolution and then perfect the substitute The question shall then be on agreeing to the substitute as amended if it be amended and if decided in the affirmative the question shall be Shall this bill pass or resolution be adopted as the case may be by substitute
Rule 97 An amendment cannot be offered after the report of the committee to which was referred the bill or resolution under consideration has been agreed to by the House unless said action of the House in so agreeing to said report of said committee shall first be reconsidered
Rule 98 All motions to amend any matter before the House must be in writing and must plainly and distinctly set forth the amendment desired and the part of the bill or resolution where said amendment shall be inserted or added
Rule 99 On all questions whether in committee or in the House the last amendment the most distant day and the largest sum shall be first put
Rule 100 Where blanks occur in any proposition they must be filled first before any motion is made to amend
Rule 101 The caption or preamble of a bill or resolution shall not be considered or amended until the measure has been perfected
Rule 102 When a proposition consisting of several sections or resolutions is on a final reading and
146
the House shall agree to a motion to consider the same by sections or paragraphs the Clerk in reading the same shall pause at the end of each section or resolution and the amendments thereto shall be offered as the several sections or resolutions are read but the amendments offered by the committee to whom said bill or resolution was referred shall be read by the Clerk without any motion being made in the House and when a section or resolution shall have been considered it is not in order to recur and amend it
Rule 103 No motion on a subject different from that under consideration shall be admitted under color of amendment
Rule 104 When a motion is made to amend by bfsTSgts striking out and inserting the Clerk shall read the j3 paragraph as it is then the words to be stricken out and finally the whole paragraph as it would be if amended
Rule 105 When a motion is made to amend by Priority of striking out a part of a bill or resolution any amend to perfect ment offered to perfect the part proposed to be stricken shall be put first before the question is put for striking it out
Rule 106 When any bill or resolution which sSP12 originated in the House has been amended in the Ameniments Senate and is before the House for action on the Senate amendment an amendment may be offered in the House to the Senate amendment but the House amendment to the Senate amendment cannot be see Rule 126 further amended it must be agreed to or voted down
Rule 107 A motion to amend an amendment Priority made by the Senate to the House bill or resolution takes precedence of a motion to agree or disagree to said amendment
147
Priority of auestions on Senate
amendments
Motion to reconsider
Rule 108 The questions which arise before the House respecting amendments by the Senate to a House bill or resolution are
1st A motion to agree to the Senate amendment
2nd A motion to disagree to the Senate amendment
3d A motion to recede from its disagreement or amendment
4th A motion to insist on its disagreement or amendment
5th A motion to adhere to its disagreement or amendment
They take precedence in the above order
The Speaker is authorized on his own motion or upon point or order being made when in his opinion a Senate Amendment to a House Bill is not germane or if adopted would render the bill unconstitutional to rule out such amendment the effect of which ruling of the Speaker if not appealed from or if appealed from and the appeal not sustained shall be the same as a vote of the House to disagree and as such the Clerk shall report it to the Senate Such point of order shall take precedence of a motion to agree
RECONSIDERATION
Rule 109 When the Journal of the preceding day shall be read it shall be in the power of any member whether said member previously voted in the affirmative or negative on the matter sought to be reconsidered to move for a reconsideration of any matter therein contained except such matter as has been previously reconsidered provided such member shall notify the House of his intention to
148
move such reconsideration at any time before the Journal is confirmed Provided further that the action of the House on Senate amendments shall be in order for reconsideration immediately and not otherwise
Rule 110 The notice of a motion to reconsider shall not be withdrawn after the time has elapsed within which it might originally have been made
Rule 111 No matter shall be reconsidered more than once
Rule 112 Motions for reconsideration shall be in order immediately after the order of unanimous consent on the day succeeding the action sought to be reconsidered except that any matter which could not be reconsidered on the succeeding day shall be in order for reconsideration on the day of said action
Rule 113 The action of the House upon an amendment may be reconsidered at any time before final action upon the section bill or resolution to which it relates
a Rule 114 All bills reconsidered shall take their place at the foot of the calendar of bills then in order for a third reading
COMMITTEE ON THE WHOLE HOUSE
Rule 115 The Speaker may resolve the House into a Committee of the Whole without a motion being made therefor whenever a bill or resolution shall be in order for consideration on its third reading before the House which is required by the rules of this House to be considered in the Committee of the Whole
Shall not be withdrawn when
When there may be one reconsideration
When in order
Amendments when reconsidered
Place of calendar
When ordered by Speaker
See Buie 44
149
When ordered by the House
How formed
Proceedings
Rule 116 The House may resolve itself into a Committee of the Whole House by a majority of a quorum voting on motion of a member made for that purpose provided however that notice of intention to make such motion shall be given during the session of the preceding day individual speeches on such motion being limited to three minutes If such notice shall not have been given the motion shall prevail if it shall receive the affirmative votes of twothirds of those voting and which twothird shall also constitute a majority of all of the members elected to the House and provided further whenever the House either by its own vote or by unanimous consent shall commit any bill or resolution to Committee of the Whole House and subsequently a motion shall be made to resolve the House into Committee of the Whole to consider such bill or resolution and such motion shall be lost the said motion shall not be again renewed but it shall be the duty of the Speaker to require the Clerk to read the bill or resolution again on the following days session under the order of Introduction of New Matter or Reading of Bills the First Time and to refer such bill or resolution to the appropriate committee unless otherwise ordered by the House provided however that for the consideration of the General Tax Bill and General Appropriation Bill the House may resolve itself into a committee of the whole House by a majority of a quorum voting on motion of a member made for that purpose and no previous notice shall be necessary
Rule 117 In forming a Committee of the Whole House the Speaker shall leave the chair and a Chairman to preside in committee shall be appointed by the Speaker
Rule 118 In the Committee of the Whole bills shall be first read throughout by the Clerk and then
150
again be read or debated by clauses or sections leaving the preamble to be last considered unless otherwise ordered
Rule 119 The Rules of the House shall be observed by the Committee of the Whole so far as they may be applicable except that it can not refer a matter to any other committee it can not adjourn the previous question can not be enforced a motion to lay on the table or indefinitely postpone shall not be in order a member may speak as often as he may obtain the floor no call of the House shall be in order nor shall any vote be taken by yeas and nays
Rule 120 If at any time in the Committee of the Whole it shall be desired to close the debate or to limit the time to be allowed members for speaking the committee may rise and report its desire to the House and the House shall take such action thereon as it may see fit by a resolution agreed for that purpose said resolution shall apply only to the subjectmatter before said committee and when said resolution has been agreed to or refused by the House the action of the House shall be deemed the sense of the committee and the House may then on motion again resolve itself into Committee of the Whole and continue the consideration of the subject
Rule 121 In the event that a Committee of the Whole House at any sitting shall for want of time fail to complete any matter under consideration it may on motion at any time in the committee made rise report progress and have leave to sit again generally or at a day certain
Rule 122 A motion that the committee rise and report progress and ask leave to sit again can be made at any time when the mover thereof can legitimately obtain the floor and shall take precedence over all other motions and shall be decided without
Rule in committee
Debate bow closed
Time of bow extended
Motion to rise eta
151
Reconsid
eration
Duty of when no Quorum is present
All members shall vote unless excused
Amendments
Disorderly
conduct
reported
Chairman may order galleries cleared
debate and when it prevails the committee shall immediately rise and when the regular hour for adjournment of the House arrives the committee shall automatically rise and the Speaker shall assume the Chair
Rule 123 A motion to reconsider shall be in order in Committee of the Whole
Rule 124 The Committee of the Whole shall not proceed with the business before it whenever a vote on any question shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the House is present Whenever it is suggested that a quorum is not present the Chairman of the committee shall satisfy himself of the fact by actual count of the committee and report the same to the committee and the Chairman shall on his own motion order that the committee immediately rise and he shall report the fact of the absence of a quorum to the House
Rule 125 The Speaker may in Committee of the Whole take part in the proceedings and he as well as all other members shall vote on all questions before the committee unless excused therefrom and no pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed in the Committee of the Whole
Rule 126 Amendments proposed by the Committee of the Whole may be amended or rejected by the House and matters stricken out by the committee may be restored by the House
Rule 127 A Committee of the Whole House can not punish disorderly conduct of its members but must report the same to the House for action thereon
Rule128 The Chairman of the Committee of the Whole shall have power to have the galleries or lobbies cleared in case of any disorderly conduct therein
152
Rule 129 When the Committee of the Whole have disposed of the bill resolutions or other measures before it by motion and question it shall rise and the Chairman will be instructed to report the action of the Committee to the House At this point the Speaker will resume his seat and the Chairman will return to the floor and will state in substance as follows Mr Speaker the Committee of the Whole House have had under consideration naming what and have instructed me as their Chairman to report the same back to the House with the recommendation that the same do pass or do pass as amended or do not pass as the case may be
The Speaker will receive this report and repeat the same and the matter will then be before the House for action just as though reported by any other committee
Rule 130 The proceedings of the Committee of the Whole shall not be recorded in the Journal of the House except so far as reported to the House by the Chairman of said committee
Rule 131 When in the Committee of the Whole any papers in the possession of the House may be called for by any member and read by the Clerk for the information of the committee unless the committee shall otherwise order
Rule 132 Amendments offered to an amendment in the Committee of the Whole shall not be reported to the House but the report shall contain only the result of the committees action on the bill resolution or measure under consideration before it
ABSENTEES
Rule 133 The rollcall at the opening of each session of the House and also the reading of the Journal shall not be dispensed with except by a vote of twothirds of the members present The motion to dispense with the roll call and to dispense with the reading of the Journal shall be decided without debate
Proceedings of when business before it is finished
Record
Papers may be called for
Report shall contain result of committees action
Morning roUcall dispensed with by twothirds vote
153
Names of absentees noted
Duty of
Auditing
Committee
Excuse of members
Power to compel attendance
Rule 134 Upon the call of all the members ordinary and extraordinary the names of the absentees shall be noted by the Clerk and shall appear upon the Journal And it shall be the duty of the Clerk to kep a separate list of the absentes from each days proceedings which list shall be entered upon the Journal and shall show which of said absentees are absent without leave and of those absent with leave which are absent for providential causes and which for business reasons which said separate list shall be read in the House with the Journal upon which the same is entered
The Clerk shall also keep in a book accessible to the Committee on Excuses of Members Absent without Leave the names of all such absentees noting such as are absent without leave and the member so absent without leave unless excused by the House are so absent
It shall be the duty of the Committee on Auditing to inquire into the matter before passing upon any members account
Excuses of members absent without leave shall be submitted to the Committee on Excuses of Members Absent without Leave and the recommendation of some member of said committee shall be necessary to have said excuse allowed by the House
COMPELLING ATTENDANCE
Rule 135 The power to compel the attendance of members in order to keep or secure a quorum shall be vested in the Speaker and to this end he may have the doors of the House closed When the doors are so closed no member shall be allowed to retire from the House without first obtaining leave from the House
154
The Messenger of the House shall be exofficio SergeantatArms of the House and on order of the Speaker may arrest any absentees and bring them before the House when necessary to secure a quorum as aforesaid
CALL OF THE HOUSE
Rule 136 Whenever the result of a vote taken shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the House is present or when the Speaker shall officially state the fact to the House it shall be in order for any member to make a motion for a call of the House and when this motion is made the Speaker shall state the question as follows Shall the motion for the call of the House prevail and if fifteen of the members present shall vote in the affirmative the Speaker shall order the Clerk to call the roll of members and the absentees shall be noted the doors shall then be closed after which the names of the absentees shall again be called over and those who do not appear and who are absent without leave may by the order of the majority of the members present be sent for and arrested wherever they may be found by the officers to be appointed by the Messenger for that purpose and their attendance secured and the House shall determine upon what conditions they shall be discharged
Rule 137 A majority of each House shall constitute a quorum to transact business but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and compel the presence of its absent members as each House may provide
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 4
Rule 138 Each Senator and Representative before taking his seat shall take the following oath or affirmation towit I will support the Constitution of this State and of the United States and
Sergeant
atarms
What is a auorum Compelling attendance
Oath of members
155
Majority required to pass bill
Yeas and nays order by onefifth of members
Bill or resolutions appropriating money must pass by yeas and nays
Constitutional twothirds vote taken by yeas and nays
Revenue bills
on all questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be most conducive to the interest and prosperity of this State
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 7
Rule 139 No bill shall become a law unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the members elected to each House of the General Assembly and it shall in every instance appear on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 14
Rule 140 The yeas and nays on any question shall at the desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 6
Rule 141 No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in each House are recorded
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 12
Rule 142 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passage of an Act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 21
Rule 143 Every bill before it shall pass shall be read three times and on three separate days in each House unless in cases of actual invasion or insurrection The first and second reading of local bills shall be by titles only The third reading of local bills must be full and complete
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 5
156

Rule 144 All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 10
Rule 145 No law or ordinance shall pass which Onesubject
1 matter etc
refers to more than one subject matter or contains
matter different from what is expressed in the title thereof
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 8
Rule 146 No law or section of the Code shall be Anamendamended or repealed by mere reference to its title andslrtio or to the number of the section of the Code but the f 0ie amending or repealing Act shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as well as the alteration to be made
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 17
Rule 147 Laws of a general nature shall have uniform operation throughout the State and no special howvariedWS law shall be enacted in any case for which provisions have been made by an existing general law No general law affecting private rights shall be varied in any particular case by special legislation except wtenrl0111 with the consent in writing of all persons to be affected QUlrei thereby and no person under legal disability to contract is capable of such consent
Art 1 Sec 4 Par 1
Rule 148 The General Assembly shall have no corporapower to grant corporate powers and privileges to tions private companies except banking insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies nor to make or change election precincts nor establish bridges or ferries nor to change names of PowerIiel legitimate children but it shall prescribe bv law seated to tne manner m which such power shall be exercised by the courts
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 18
157
Relief of recognizance
What the general appropriation bill shall contain Other appropriations by separate bills
Adjourn
ments
Elections
Rejected bills again considered by a twothirds vote
Rule 149 The General Assembly shall have no power to relieve principals or securities upon forfeited recognizances from the payment thereof either before or after judgment thereon unless the principal in the recognizance shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the proper officer
Rule 150 The General Appropriation bill shall embrace nothing except appropriation fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the Executive Legislative and Judicial Departments of the Government paying of the public debt and interest thereon and for the support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appropriations shall be made by separate bills each embracing but one subject
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 9
Rule 151 Neither House shall adjourn for more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of disagreement between the two Houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 24
Rule 152 All elections by the General Assembly shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the Journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare result
Art 3 Sec 10 Par 1
Rule 153 No bill or ordinance or resolution intended to have the effect of a law which shall have been rejected by either House shall be again proposed during the same session under the same or any
158
other title without the consent of twothirds of the House by which the same was rejected
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 13
Rule 154 The General Assembly meets biennially on the fourth Wednesday in June and the House and Senate are called to order at 10 oclock A M The Biennial Sessions are limited to sixty days
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 6
Rule 155 Each House shall be the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its members and shall have the power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by censure fine or imprisonment or expulsion but no member shall be expelled except by a vote of twothirds of the House to which he belongs
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 1
Rule 156 No provision of this Constitution for a twothirds vote of both Houses of the General Assembly shall be construed to waive the necessity for the signature of the Governor as in any other case except in the twothirds vote required to override the veto and in case of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly
Art 2 Sec 7 Par 23
Rule 157 The Governor shall have the revision of all bills passed by the General Assembly before the same shall become laws but twothirds of each House may pass a bill notwithstanding his dissent and if any bill should not be returned by the Governor within five days Sunday excepted after it has been presented to him the same shall be a law unless the General Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return He may approve any appropria
Session limited to sixty days
Elections
disorderly
conduct
Expulsion by twothirds vote
Signature of Governor when reauired
Governors
veto
159
Effect of twothirds vote thereon
When Governor must approve
Effect of
twothirds
vote
Twothirds vote reauired
Twothirds vote reauired on amendments to Constitution
tion and disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill and the latter shall not be effectual unless passed by twothirds of each House
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 16
Rule 158 Every note resolution or order to which the concurrence of both Houses may be necessary except on a question of election or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor and before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be passed by twothirds of each House
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 17
Rule 159 No county site shall be changed or removed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the county voting at an election held for that purpose and a twothirds vote of the General Assembly
Art 11 Sec 1 Par 4
Rule 160 Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed in the Senate or House of Representatives and if the same shall be agreed to by twothirds of the members elected to each of the two Houses such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on their Journals with the yeas and nays taken thereon and the General Assembly shall cause such amendment or amendments to be published in one or more newspapers in each Congressional Districts for two months previous to the time of holding the next general election and shall provide for submission of such proposed amendment or amendments to the people at the said next general election and if the people shall ratify such amendment or amendments by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment or amend
160
ments shall become a part of this Constitution When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately
Art 13 Sec 1 Par 1
Rule 161 No convention of the people shall be called by the General Assembly to revise amend or change the Constitution unless by the concurrence of twothirds of all the members of each House of the General Assembly The representation in said convention shall be based on the population as near as practicable
Art 13 Sec 1 Par 2
Rule 162 The Judges of the Supreme Court shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries not to exceed four thousand dollars per annum the Judges of the Superior Court shall have salaries not to exceed three thousand dollars per annum the AttorneyGeneral shall have a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum and the SolicitorsGeneral shall each have salaries not to exceed two hundred and fifty dollars per annum but the AttorneyGeneral shall not have any fee or perquisite in any cases arising after the adoption of this Constitution but the provisions of this section shall not affect those now in office
The General Assembly may at any time by a twothirds vote of each branch prescribe other and different salaries for any or all of the above officers but no such changes shall affect the officers then in commission
Art 6 Sec 13 Pars 1 and 2
Twothirds vote required to call a convention How called
Salaries of Judges
May be changed by a twothirds vote
161
Evidence of notice of local and special bills must be submitted before passage of same
Messages
Messages when received and considered
Petitions
Motions
Rule 163 No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the locality where the matter or thing to be affected may be situated which notice shall be given at least thirty days prior to the introduction of such bill into the General Assembly and in the manner to be prescribed by law The evidence of such notice having been published shall be exhibited in the General Assembly before such Act shall be passed
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 16
MISCELLANEOUS RULES
Rule 164 When a message shall be sent to the House of Representatives it shall be announced at the door of the House by the Doorkeeper and be respectfully communicated to the chair by the person through whom it may be sent
Rule 165 Messages may be received at any time while the door is open except while a question is being put or a ballot or a viva voce is being taken A message shall be presented to the House by the Speaker when received or afterwards according to its nature and the business in which the House is engaged or its consideration may on motion be ordered by the House
Rule 166 It shall be the order of the day every Wednesday to take up and decide on reports of Committees on Petitions and all Petitions shall be numbered as they are received and taken up and disposed of in the order they were received unless otherwise ordered by a majority of a quorum
Rule 167 After a motion is stated by the Speaker or read by the Clerk it shall be deemed to be in the possession of the House but may be withdrawn at any time before the decision by the unanimous consent of the House
162
Rule 168 Any member presenting a petition me petitions morial or remonstrance shall as concisely as practi mortals cable intimate the name and object of the petitioner memorialist or remonstrant which shall be noted on the Journal and the paper may then be referred without reading
Rule 169 The several standing committees of the cmmittees House shall have leave to report by bill or otherwise The report of the Committee on Rules is in order at any time when the House is not actually engaged in other business
Rule 170 The Clerk of the House shall take an lerk oath for the true and faithful discharge of the duties of his office to the best of his knowledge and abilities and shall be deemed to continue in office until another be elected
Rule 171 The Clerk shall take special care of the Clerkbooks provided for the use of the House
Rule 172 The Committee on Enrollment shall Duties of carefully compare enrolled bills and resolutions and on Enrollcorrecting any errors that may be discovered in the enrolled bills or other papers make their report forthwith to their respective Houses
Rule 173 Verification of a roll call vote can be privileged dispensed with only by unanimous consent the Speaker shall not entertain a motion to that effect
Rule 174 Whenever on any question the yeas and nays shall have been ordered the Clerk shall also enter on the Journal the names of those members not voting
Rule 175 When a motion is made by any member Notneces
u J J sary to second
it snail not be necessary that the same shall be sec motion
onded before being put to the House
Rule 176 After the announcement of the stand committees ing committee no other members shall be placed thereon except when members have been elected to engaged
163
Privileges orithe floor
Privileges of the floor
Duty of Committee on Journals
Members to receipt Clerk for books and papers
fill vacancies caused by death or otherwise the Speaker may assign said members to such committees as he may see fit and he may fill any vacancy in chairmanships
Rule 177 No person shall be allowed to enter upon the floor of the House except the members and officers thereof the officers and members of the Senate the Governor of the State and the heads of the officers of the Executive Department Members of Congress from Georgia State House officers and members of the press actively reporting Legislative proceedings exGovernors Judges of the Supreme and Superior Courts and SolicitorsGeneral in actual commission expresiding officers of the House and Senate Judges and DistrictAttorneys of the United States Courts and such others as the House may allow upon recommendation of the Committee on the Privilegs of the Floor The report of the Committee on Privileges of the Floor may be made at any time the chairman of the committee is recognized by the Speaker Privileges of the floor and use of the press table shall be extended only to those representatives of the press bearing proper credentials from recognized newspapers of general circulation and telegraphic press associations provided that no person shall be admitted on the floor of the House who is engaged in lobbying or in attempting to influence legislation
Rule 178 It shall be the duty of the Committee on Journals to read the Journal of each days proceedings and report to the House that the same is correct before the Journal is read by the Clerk
Rule 179 No member shall take any books or papers from the possession of the House or Clerk without first acquainting the Clerk and giving him a receipt to return the same in a reasonable time or on his demand
164
Rule 180 The House shall convene at 10 a m Adjourmnent Sundays excepted unless otherwise ordered by the and meeting House The hour of adjournment to be fixed by a majority of said House on motion without debate
Rule 181 A motion for the call of the yeas and gor
nays shall be decided without debate nags acrt
debatable
Rule 182 All Acts and joint resolutions shall be signature signed by the Speaker and Clerk and all writs warrants and subpoenas issued by order of the House shall be signed by the Speaker and attested by the Clerk
Rule 183 It shall be the duty of the Messenger to SSfeSer attend to the wants of the House while in session to aid in the enforcement of order under the direction of the Speaker to execute the demands of the House from time to time together with all such processes issued under its authority as may be directed to him by the Speaker
Rule 184 The Messenger under the direction of Messengers the Clerk shall superintend the distribution by the SbuP Pages of all documents and papers to be distributed to the members he shall distribute to the members the usual and necessary stationery required by them
Rule 185 No Committee of the Whole or other interiineacommittee shall deface or interline a bill resolution SMT or other paper referred to said committee but shall report any amendment recommended on a separate paper noting the section page or line to which said amendment relates
Rule 186 No pairing of members shall be recog Pairing nized or allowed as an excuse for not voting
Rule 187 Whenever any member moves that a Committee Committee of Conference on disagreeing votes of ference the two Houses naming the number of members be appointed if said motion prevails the Speaker
165
Amendments
Majority and
minority
reports
What motions lie on table
Changing
votes
Questions of
privilege
Proviso
shall appoint a committee on the part of the House and in such case the committee shall consist of only such members as voted in the majority on the position assumed by the House and if by inadvertence any member be nominated on said committee who was not in said majority vote he shall notify the House and be excused by the Speaker
Rule 188 After commitment of a bill and report thereof to the House it may be amended before the report of the committee is agreed to by the House but the amendments if any reported by the committee shall be disposed ofbefore any other amendment be considered unless it be an amendment to a committee amendment
Rule 189 All reports of a committee shall be in writing and the minority of a committee may make a report in writing setting forth succinctly the reasons for their dissent
Rule 190 Every motion for information from the Executive Department or any other Department of the State Government shall lie on the table one day and on the following day such motion shall be deemed privileged and shall be in order for immediate consideration at the request of the author or any other member of the House
Rule 191 On the call of the yeas and nays the Clerk shall read the names of the members after they have been called and no member shall be permitted to change his vote unless he at that time declares that he voted under a mistake of the question
Rule 192 Questions of privilege shall be first those affecting the rights of the House collectively its safety dignity and the integrity of its proceed ings second the rights reputation and conduct of members individually in their representative capacity only and shall have precedence of all other
166
questions except a motion to adjourn Provided that when any matter is before the House no question of personal privilege shall be acted on until the pending question shall be disposed of
Rule 193 In all elections a majority of the members present shall be necessary to a choice
Rule 14 When any question arises which is not provided for in the foregoing Rules the same shall be controlled by the rules usually governing parliamentary bodies
Rule 195 The Auditing Committee shall before auditing the account of any member for expenses of a committeeman or any account prescribed by a member for any expense incurred in discharge of any duty as a member of this House require of such an itemized statement of such account supported by proper vouchers for each item of said account
ORDER OF BUSINESS
Rule 196 The following shall be the order of business
1 Scripture Reading and Prayer by the Chaplain
2 Call of the Roll
3 Report of the committee on the Journal
4 Reading of the Journal
5 Confirmation of the Journal
6 Unanimous consents
7 Motions to reconsider
8 Reports of standing committees
9 House bills favorably reported for a second reading
10 Unfinished business of previous session
11 Orders of the day
167
12 On Mondays Wednesdays and Fridays call of the counties for the introduction of new matter On Mondays and Wednesdays third reading of Senate bills and resolutions
13 House bills and resolutions for third reading
and House bills and resolutions with Senate amend

ments
14 On Tuesdays House bills on the calendar adversely reported for a second reading
15 On Mondays and Fridays immediately after the call of the counties Senate bills for first and second reading shall be in order
16 On Wednesdays immediately after the call of the counties all petitions and reports of committees on petitions shall be in order
17 Bilis of Senate for third reading
18 Senate resolutions
19 Report of committees on enrollment may be made at any time
20 After the regular order of business for each day shall have been exhausted House Bills for first and second reading and Senate Bills for first and second reading respectively shall be in order
Unless otherwise ordered by the House no general bills or resolutions shall be in order for a third reading or for reconsideration at Saturdays session General bills or resolutions otherwise in order for reconsideration on Saturday shall stand over until the following Monday
168
Rule 197 No committee of the House shall consist of more than twentyfive members This rule however shall not apply to the following committees Amendments to the Constitution Appropriations County and County Matters Education Georgia State Sanitarium General Agriculture No 1 General Agriculture No 2 General Judiciary No 1 General Judiciary No 2 Legislative and Congressional Reapportionment Municipal Government Penitentiary Public Highways University of Georgia and Its Branches Ways and Means Western and Atlantic Railroad
169
COMMITTEES
Rule 198 The Speaker shall appoint the following committees
Academy for the Blind
Amendments to the Constitution
Appropriations
Auditing
Aviation
Banks and Banking
Conservation
Corporations
Counties and County Matters
Drainage
Education x Engrossing
Enrollment
Excuse of Members Absent without Leave
Game and Fish
General Agriculture No One
General Agriculture No Two
General Judiciary No One
General Judiciary No Two
Georgia School for the Deaf
Georgia State Sanitarium
Hall and Rooms
Hygiene and Sanitation
Insurance
Invalid Pensions and Soldiers Home
Journals
Labor and Labor Statistics
Legislative and Congressional Reapportionment Manufactures
Military Affairs
170
Mines and Mining
Municipal Government
Penitentiary
Pensions
Privileges and Elections
Privileges of the Floor
Public Highways
Public Library
Public Printing
Public Property
Railroads
Rules
Sanitarium at Alto
Special Judiciary
State of Republic
Temperance
Training Schools
Uniform State Laws
University of Georgia and its Branches
Ways and Means
Western and Atlantic Railroad
The Chairman and Chairman pro tem of the Committee on Appropriations shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Ways and Means and the Chairman and Chairman pro tem of the Committee on Ways and Means shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Appropriations
Rule 199 Whenever any bill or resolution has been referred to a committee and the same has been held in the custody or control of such committee for ten days without reporting on same the author of such bill or any member of the House shall have the right immediately after the confirmation of the Journal to give notice that on the next regular meeting
171
of the House he will submit a motion instructing such committee to report such bill back to the House after which on the next regular meeting day of the House any member of the House immediately after the confirmation of the Journal may move to instruct such committee to report such bill or resolution back to the House and if the motion prevails it shall be the duty of such committee to report such bill or resolution accordingly with or without recommendation as the case may be at the next regular session and upon failure of said Committee to report such bill accordingly the same shall automatically be returned to the House for consideration Debate on said motion to instruct such committee to report such bill or resolution back to the House shall be limited to twenty minutes unless otherwise ordered by the House and when such bill or resolution is so reported or returned to the House it may be referred or committed as other bills or resolutions Provided that any motion or resolution to set a special order or to change the order of business for any particular day which has been referred to the Committee on Rules may be held in the custody and control of such committee only three days instead of ten days under this rule It shall be the duty of the committee to which any measure providing for an appropriation is referred to report such bill or measure back to the House at least fifteen days prior to the last day of the session regardless of any such notice or motion by the author or any other member
Rule 200 In drawing for seats all members except those who have been permitted by the House to select seats without drawing shall retire to the rear of the Hall The names of all counties printed on separate slips of papers shall be deposited in a box and the box placed on the Clerks desk The names of the counties shall be drawn separately from the box and announced by the Clerk from his desk
172
When the name of a county is announced the member or members from that county shall come forward to the Clerks desk and secure a desk card with name and county printed thereon and then proceed to select his seat All desks shall be arranged in their proper position on the floor of the House and no desk shall be moved or changed
The Speaker shall have the right to reserve seats for the chairmen of the committees on Appropriations and Ways and Means and for the vicechairman of Committee on Rules before the drawing for seats

173
INDEX TO STANDING RULES OF
Georgia House of Representatives
Prepared by W Cecil Neill of Muscogee County
ABSENTEES Rule No
Auditing Committee duty as to 134
Clerks duty as to 134
Roll call dispensed with when 133
ADJOURN MOTION TO
Committee of whole not in order in 119
Definite time debatable when 57
Effect when motion prevails 60
Motion not debatable56180
Motion not amendable 56
Motion when in order 58
Motion when not in order2 59
Precedence of motion 55
Shall not be made second time until when 56
ADJOURNMENT
Constitutional time limit 151
Courtesy to speaker at time of 26
Effect of 60
Effect when hour of arrives when House acting under previous question 61
Effect when hour of arrives during vote by yeas and naysf 61
Hour of fixed by House 180
ADVERSE REPORT
Bills and resolutions adversely reported taken up when 41
Debate on final passage 72
Effect of on bills 48
AMENDMENTS
Applicable to an amendment 94
Bills or resolutions amended by sections 102
Bill perfected before caption or preamble 101
Bills perfected before substitute 96
Blanks must be filled 100
Clerks duty in amending by striking out and inserting 104
Committee of whole action on 126
Rule No
Committee of whole what reported to House 132
Germane must be 103
Motion to amend how made 94
Motion to commit amendable 92
Motion to postpone indefinitely not amendable 80
Motion to postpone to time definite amendable 85
Motion to table amendment not in order 62
Motion to table not amendable 68
Must be in writing 98
Precedence of motion to amend 55
Priority of amendments 99
Priority of amendments to perfect part proposed to be striken 105
Priority of over motion to agree or disagree 107
Priority of questions on Senate Amendments to H B 108
Priority of on passage of bill 168
Senate amendments to H B House amendments in order 106
Reconsidered when 113
Substitute is an amendment 95
When in orders 168
When too late 97188
AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION
Submission to people 160
Convention called 161
APPEALS
From Speakers decision 8
Members may address House 1
No debate when of personal character 9
To be made at once 16
APPLAUSE
Speakers right to suppress 29
APPROPRIATIONS
General bill right of way 41
Governors power over 157
Considered in committee of whole 51
House must originate 144
ATTENDANCE
Call of House 136
Messengers duty 135
Power to cornpeli135136
Speakers duty 135
176
Rule No
AUDITING COMMITTEE
Absentees duty as to 234
Accounts of members duty as to 195
BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Amendments and substitutes bill first perfected 96
Amendments by sectionsj 202
Amendments to Code sections 146
Amendments to passed on before those to caption or preamble 101
Appropriations House must originate 211
Clerk to state number and author when reading 42
Clerk to call in order on calendar 42
Committee of whole how read 218
Committee reports favorable effect of 48
Committee reports unfavorable effects of 48
Committee reports order of precedence 53
Corporations laws relating to 248
Engrossment effect ofj 43
General appropriations what to embrace 150
General laws how changed 247
Governors approval necessary 258
Governors failure to return 257
Governors veto 257
Immediate transmission when 49
Introduction when 47
Printed whenf cq
Reconsideration effect of 214
Rejected when again considered 253
Relief of principals and sureties 249
Requirements for 52
Speakers duty to committ 40
Special laws prohibited whenv 247
Subjectmatter only one and expressed in title 145
Unanimous consent for reading 43
Withdrawal of when 40
Majority necessary to pass 239
Debate none at first reading 40
Constitutional requirements as to reading 243
Reading of unanimous consent 43
Reading first no debate 40
Reading constitutional requirement 243
CALL OF HOUSE
Committee of whole not in order 219
Contempt refusal to vote on 14
177
Rule No
When in order 14136
When not in orderr 77
CAPTION
Not considered until bill perfected 101
CHANGE OF VOTES
How done and when 191
CLERK
Absence of speaker and speaker pro tem duty of 7
Absentees duty of134
Amendments stricking out and inserting duty of 104
Bills and resolutions how read committee of whole 118
Bills and resolutions called in order from calendar 41
Bills and resolutions name and authors stated 41
Books duty to care for171179
Call of counties Mondays Wednesdays and Fridays 40
Journal names not voting duty to enter 174
Oath of prescribed 170
CODE SECTIONS
Amendments to Constitutional requirements 146
COMMITTEES
Amendments by take precedence 188
Appointed by speaker 4198
Bills not to be interlined or defaced by 185
Chairmen Appropriation and Ways and Means ExOfficio Members 198
Conference how constituted 187
Defaulting committee provision as to 199
Enlarged how 176
Failure of to report provision as to 199
Membership limited 197
Reports of order of precedence 53
Reports of required 199
Reports must be in writing 189
Speaker exofficio member of Rules 4
Speaker to appoint certain committees4198
Rules committee how elected 4
COMMIT MOTION TO
Amended how 92
Applicable to what 8993
Committee of whole net in order 119
Precedence of as among other motions 55
Precedence of as among motions to commit to different committees 90
178
Rule No
COMMITTEE OF WHOLE HOUSE
Amendments by action by House 126
Amendments to amendments how reported to House 132
Appropriation bills considered in 51
Bills read and debated by sectionsI 118
Call of House not in order 119
Chairman appointed by Speaker 117
Chairman power to clear galleries or lobby 128
Debate how limited and closed 120
Disorderly conduct reported 127
Extension of time how secured 121
Formation of 117
House may resolve itself into when 116
Interlineation of bills or resolutions prohibited 185
Journal not show proceedings 130
Members shall vote 125
Motion to commit to precedence 90
Motion to rise report progress and ask leave to sit again 122
Papers called for 131
Proceedings how closed 122
Proceedings not reported in Journal 130
Procedure when business finished 129
Quorum not present procedure 124
Reconsideration in order 123
Reports of precedence 53
Rules applicable to and exceptionsT 119
Speaker may resolve House into when 115
Speaker may take part 125
Speaker chairman appointed by 117
CONSTITUTIONAL RULES
Adjournments limited 151
Amendments to Code sections 146
Amendments to Constitution 160
Appropriation Bills House must originate 144
Appropriation Bill General what to embrace 150
Appropriations Journal to show yeas and nays 141
Bills majority necessary to pass 139
Bills reading of 143
Bills rejected when again considered 153
Bills subjectmatter expressed in title 145
Bills only one subjectmatter permitted 145
Constitutional convention how called 161
Corporations power of General Assembly over 148
County sites how changed or removed 159
179
Rule No
Date of meeting fixed 154
Elections by General Assembly 152
Expulsion of members twothirds vote necessary 155
General laws how changed 147
General appropriation bill what to embrace 150
Governor failure to return bills 157
Governors signature when required156158
Governors veto 157
House judges of election and qualification of members 155
Journal must show majority vote 139
Journal must show yeas and nays when required140141142
Local and special bills notice required 163
Members power to punish misconduct of 155
Members oath of prescribed 138
Quorum defined 137
Relief of principals and sureties 149
Salaries of certain officials how changed 162
Special laws prohibited whenj 147
Subjectmatter bills to contain but one 145
Subjectmatter must be expressed in title 145
Veto of Govenor 157
Yeas and nays required when 140141142
Yeas and nays Journal to show on Apps 141
Yeas and nays Journal to show where twothirds vote required 142
CONTEMPT
Refusal to vote unless excused on call of House 14
CONTEST
Contestant and contestee to retire when vote taken 22
CONVERSATION
Prohibited 1924
COUNTY SITE
How changed or removedt 159
DEBATE
Adjournment decided without 180
Bills first reading no debate 48
Committee of whole regulated119120
Committee happenings reference to out of order 27
Conversations reference to out of order 27
Conduct of members in 17
Individual speeches limited 17
Motion to adjourn not debatable 56
Motion to change rules ndt debatablei 46
Motion to commit when debatable 91
180
Rule No
Motion to change order of business not debatable 46
Motion to extend members time of speaking not debatable 17
Motion to excuse member from voting not debatable 34
Motion to indefinitely postpone debatable 80
Motion to instruct committee debate limited 199
Motion for previous question not debatable 71
Motion to read papers not debatable 33
Motion to suspend rules not debatable 46
Motion to table not debatable 68
Motion to postpone to time definite what debatable 87
Previous question decided affirmatively debate regulated 72
Priority of business not debatable jq
Roll call no debate during 39
Senate happenings reference to out of order 27
Yeas and nays decided without debate 181
DISPARAGING REMARKS
Members prohibited from 28
DIVISION
Duty of member calling for 37
Motion to excuse from voting to be made before 34
Right to call for 30
What not divisible 3839
Drawing for seats
Regulated 200
ELECTION
House Judge of of members 155
Majority vote necessary I93
ENROLLMENT COMMITTEE
Duties of 172
EXCEPTION TO WORDS SPOKEN
Procedure 18
EXPLANATION OF VOTES
When allowed and time limited 32
EXPULSION OF MEMBERS
When 17155
DOORKEEPER
Duty as to enforcement of rule as to intoxication 25
Duty as to messages 164
Speaker may suspend when 12
181
Rule No
GALLERIES
Applause to be suppressed 29
Committee of whole chairman may clear 128
Speaker may clear 13
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
Meets when 134
Session limited22 154
GENERAL APPROPRIATION BILL
Constitutional provision as to what it shall embrace 150
Right of way in order of business 41
GENERAL LAWS
How changed 147
GENERAL TAX BILL
Right of way of 41
GOVERNOR
Failure to return bill effect 157
Signature when required 156158
Veto 157
HOUR OF ADJOURNMENT
Fixed by House 130
IMMEDIATE TRANSMISSION TO SENATE
Twothirds vote necessaryA 49
INTOXICATION
Member denied floor while in state of 25
JOURNAL
Absentees shown on 134
Amendments to Constitution yeas and nays must be shown on 160
Appropriation of money yeas and nays shown 141
Committee duty to read 178
Committee of whole proceedings not shown 130
Majority on passage of bills must be shown 139
Names those not voting shown on 174
Yeas and nays to be shown140141
LAUDATORY REMARKS
Prohibited in Nominations 28
LOCAL BILLS
Constitutional requirement as to reading 143
Constitutional requirement as to notice 163
Introduced when 47
Reading of third time and put on passage by unanimous consent 43
182
MAIN QUESTION Rule No
Effect as to when votes had on motion for previous question717274
Minority report time allowed for debate 75
Motion to table supercedes when 70
Reconsideration of1 72
When ordered call of HouseM 77
When ordered vote how taken 73
MAJORITY
Bill majority vote necessary to pass I39
Elections majority vote necessary 293
Quorum majority necessary 237
MEMBERS
Adjournment duty of at 26
Arrest subject to when135136137
Attendance of compelled when135136137
Books and papers duty as to 279
Called to order for transgressing rules 27
Changing votes how and when 291
Committee of whole right to speak 219
Committee of whole duty to vote 225
Conduct in debate 27
Conversation and smoking prohibited 1924
Debate how often to speak 27
Debate individual speeches limited 27
Debate reference to conversations happenings in committee and
Senate prohibited 27
Decorum of 1719242627
Designation of members mode of 20
Exceptions to words of procedure 18
Expulsion of when 15517
Interrogating mode of 21
Intoxication denied floor when in state of 25
Introduction of bills number limited 4q
Introduction of bills name and county to be endorsed 52
Laudatory remarks in nominations28
Member speaking duty of while 26
Misconduct in house and committee of whole155127
Motion may make one at a timeu 32
Motion must resume seat while being put 32
Motion prohibited from making nondebatable when 35
Oath of prescribed 238
Protests of proceedings 23
Retire when required to 22
Seats drawing for 200
Vote shall not when interested 22
Vote shall exception 34225
183
Rule No
MEMORIALS
Manner of presentation 168
MEETING OF HOUSE
Adjournment fixed by House 180
Time of meeting for daily sessions 180
Constitutional provision 154
MINORITY REPORTS
How made 189
Main question ordered privilege first signer 75
MESSAGES
How sent announced received and considered 165
MESSENGER
Arrest of members 135136
Exofficio sergeantatarms 135
Intoxicated member enforcement of rule 25
General duties183184
Speaker may suspend when 12
MOTIONS
Information from executive department lie on table 190
Nondebatable prohibited when 35
One at a time only 31
Order of priority 55
Order of business motion to change not debatable 46
Order of business motion to change vote necessary 54
Read papers motion to decide without debate 33
Rules motion to change or suspend vote necessary 44
Rules motion to change or suspend how submitted424546
Seconding of unnecessary 175
Special orders motion to make how substituted 42
Strike out and insert motion to not divisible 39
Withdrawn how 167
NEW MATTERS
Call of counties by clerk 40
General bills limited to one a day 40
Information from executive department to lie on table 190
Unanimous consents for 43
NOMINATIONS
Laudatory remarks prohibited 28
184
OATHS Rule No
Of Clerk prescribed 170
Of Members prescribed 138
ORDER OF BUSINESS
Changed how444654
Motion to change not debatable 46
Motion to change vote necessary 4454
Priority of established 196
Rules committee to fix during last seven days 54
PARLIAMENTARY LAW
Applicable when 194
PETITIONS
Considered when 266
Manner of presentation 168
PREAMBLE
Not considered until resolution perfected 101
PREVIOUS QUESTION
Adjourn motion not in order after affirmative votes on 71
Adjournment effect arrival hour of House acting under I 61
Affirmative votes result 71727475
Applicable to what 79
Call of House not in order after ordered except when 77
Call for sustained potion to table in order 79
Exhausted must be before matters of words excepted to decided 18
Precedence of motion 55
POSTPONE
Applicable to what definite and indefinite8188
Committee of whole motion to definitely postpone not in order 119
Debate motion to indefinitely postpone debatable but not amendable 80
Definitely postpone motion to amendable 85
Effect of affirmative action on motion to indefinitely postpone 79
Effect of affirmative action on motion to postpone to time definite 84
Effect of negative action 34
Indefinitely motion to when not applicable 81
Impossible day motion to postpone to treated how 86
Indefinitely motion to not renewable 32
Precedence of motion 55
PRIVILEGE
Personal privilege 292
Questions of what constitutes 292
185
Rufe No
PRIVILEGES OF FLOOR
Who entitled toa 177
PRINTING OF BILLS
When ordered 50
PROTESTS OF MEMBERS
Procedure 23
QUALIFYING PARAGRAPH
Not a divisible question38
QUORUM
Constitutional definition 137
READING OF PAPERS
House determines by vote 33
RECONSIDERATION
Amendments when reconsidered 113
Bills notice of motion when given 109
Bills notice not to be withdrawn whenHO
Committee of whole motion in orderv 123
Effect of on bills 114
Main question ordered motion in order to reconsider 71
Motion in order but once on same subject mattert 111
Motions when in order H2
REMONSTRANCES
Manner of presentation 168
REPORTS OF COMMITTEES
Committees may report by bill or otherwise 169
Order of precedence of 53
ROLL CALL
Explanation of votes on 32
Debate none duringWfa 30
How dispensed with 133
Speaker may order when 15
RULES
Motion to suspend or change decided without debate 46
Suspended or changed how 444546
RULES COMMITTEE
Constituted and elected how 4
Effect of failure to report 45
186
Rule No
Order of business fixed by during last fourteen days 54
Report of in order when 169
Special orders and motions to suspend rules duty to report on 4245
SALARIES
Constitutional provision as to changing 162
SEATS
Drawing for regulated 200
SERGEANTATARMS
Call of House duty of 156
Messenger is exofficio 155
SIGNATURE OF SPEAKER AND CLERK
When required gpl
SILENCE
Members to preserv when 19
SMOKING
Prohibited 24
SPEAKER
Absence of Speaker pro tern to preside
Adjournment members to remain until Speaker retires 26
Appeals from decision of 891011
Appeals from decision of to be made at once 10
Appeals from decision of no debate when 9
Appointment of committees by 4198
Appointment of chairman of Committee of Whole 117
Appointment of Conference Committee 187
Attendance power to compel135
Business priority of decided without debate 16
Chairman Committee of Whole appointed by 117
Committees appointed by r 4198
Committee of Whole may resolve House into when 115
Committee of Whole assumes chair when 122
Committee of Whole receiving chairmans report 129
Committee of Whole right to take part in 125
Courtesy of members to at adjournment 26
Doorkeeper Speaker may suspend 12
Galleries may be cleared by 13
Interrogation of members conducted through 21
Irrelevant debate power to suspend 1
Members Speaker may name to preside 6
187
Rule No
Members courtesy due by at adjournment 26
Method of stating question by 5
Quorum duty of when no quorum voting1415
Recognition of members decided by 3
Recognition of members for unanimous consent 43
Rules Committee Speaker exofficio member 198
Silence commanded by when 1
Suspension of officersi 12
Vote Speaker required to when 2
SPEAKER PRO TEM
Absence of Speaker duty to preside 7
Election 7
SPECIAL COMMITTEE
Priority of motion to commit in 90
SPECIAL LAWS
Notice required 163
Prohibited when 147
SUBJECTMATTER
Bills to contain but one and expressed in title 145
SUBSTITUTE
Amendment isr 95
Bill perfected before substitute 96
Motion to table not in order 62
SUSPENSION OF RULES
How accomplished 444546
TABLE MOTION TO
Amendment or substitute motion to table not in order 62
Amendment motion to table not subject to 68
Application of what can be laid on table 69
Committee of whole motion not in order 119
Debate motion to table not debatable 68
Effect when motion to table prevails 64
Effect when motion to take from table prevails6365
Effect when motion to take from table prevails where measure tabled
after roll call 66
Executive department information called from tabled one day 190
Main question motion to table in order after motion for previous
question sustained 70
188
Rule No
Main question motion to table not in order after House has voted
that main question shall be now put 70
Motion to take from when in order 63
Previous question motion to table in order after call for sustained 70
Previous question motion to table not in order after main question
ordered 70
Renewal of motions to table and take from when 67
Roll call motion not in order until completion 66
TWOTHIRDS VOTE NECESSARY WHEN
Amendments to Constitution 160
Constitution Convention 161
County Site changed or removed 159
Expulsion of members 155
Governors veto overridden 156157158
Prolongation of session 156
UNANIMOUS CONSENTS
Limitation and regulation of 43
YEAS AND NAYS
Adjournment effect when hour of arrives during vote by 61
Amendments to Constitution 160
Changing votes after call of 191
Committee of whole vote not taken by 119
Explanation of votes when vote taken by 32
Excuse from voting motion must be made before roll call begins 34
Journals to show when140141142
Journal to show names not voting 174
Motion to table when in order when vote taken by 66
Required wjien 73140141142
Speaker may order when no quorum voting 15
CONSTITUTION
OF THE
STATE OF GEORGIA
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
LIST OF STATE CONSTITUTIONS 12
ARTICLE IBill of Rights 193196
ARTICLE IIElective Franchisei196199
ARTICLE IIILegislative Department199208
ARTICLE IVPower of General Assembly over Taxation208209
ARTICLE VExecutive Department 209213
ARTICLE VIJudiciary213224
ARTICLE VIIFinance Taxation and Public Debt224241
ARTICLE VIIIEducation 241243
ARTICLE IXHomestead and Exemption243245
ARTICLE XMilitia 245
ARTICLE XICounties and County Officers245276
ARTICLE XIIThe Laws of General Operation in Force in this
State276277
ARTICLE XIIIAmendments to the Constitution277278
ORDINANCES 278279
Chronological Analysis 192
CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF
ORGANIC ACTS
AND
STATE CONSTITUTIONS OF GEORGIA
Charter of the Colony of Georgia 1732
Grant of George II King of Great Britain
Constitution of 1777
Constitutional Convention Oct 1 1776Feb 5 1777
Constitution of 1789
Constitutional Convention Nov 424 1788 Jan 420 1789 May 46 1789 May 16 1795
Constitution of 1798
Constitutional Convention May 830 1798
Constitution of 1861
Constitutional Convention Jan 16March 23 1861
Constitution of 1865
Constitutional Convention Oct 25Nov 8 1865
Constitution of 1868
Constitutional Convention Dec 9 1867March 11 1868
Constitution of 1877
Constitutional Convention July 11 1877August 25 1877

CONSTITUTION
OF THE
STATE OF GEORGIA
1877 as amended
Compiled by Ella Mae Thornton State Librarian
PREAMBLE
To perpetuate the principles of free government insure justicejto all preserve peace promote the interest and happiness of the citizen and transmit to posterity the enjoyment of liberty we the people of Georgia relying upon the protection and guidance of Almighty GodJdo ordain and establish this Constitution
ARTICLE L Bill of Rights Section I
Paragraph I All government of right originates with the people is founded upon their will only and is instituted solely for the good of the whole Public officers are the trustees and servants of the people and at all times amenable to them
Par II Protection to person and property is the paramount duty of government and shall be impartial and complete
Par III No person shall be deprived of life liberty or property except by due process of law
Par IV No person shall be deprived of the right to prosecute or defend his own cause in any of the courts of this State in person by attorney or both
Par V Every person charged with an offence against the laws of this State shall havfe the privilege and benefit of counsel shall be furnished on demand with a copy of the accusation and a list of the witnesses on whose testimony the charge against him is founded shall have compulsory process to obtain the testimony of his own witnesses shall be confronted with the witnesses testifying against him and shall have a public and speedy trial by an impartial jury
ar VI No person shall be compelled to give testimony tending in any manner to criminate himself
193
Par VII Neither banishment beyond the limits of the State nor whipping as a punishment for crime shall be allowed
Par VIII No person shall be put in jeopardy of life or liberty more than once for the same offence save on his or her own motion for a new trial after conviction or in case of mistrial
Par IX Excessive bail shall not be required nor excessive fines imposed nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted nor shall any person be abused in being arrested while under arrest or in prison
Par X No person shall be compelled to pay costs except after conviction on final trial
Par XI The writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended
Par XII All men have the natural and inalienable right to worship God each according to the dictates of his own conscience and no human authority should in any case control or interfere with such right of conscience
Par XIII No inhabitant of this State shall be molested in person or property or prohibited from holding any public office or trust on account of his religious opinions but the right of liberty of conscience shall not be so construed as to excuse acts of licentiousness or justify practices inconsistent with the peace and safety of the State
Par XIV No money shall ever be taken from the public treasury directly or indirectly in aid of any church sect or denomination of religionists or of any sectarian institution
Par XV No law shall ever be passed to curtail or restrain the liberty of speech or of the press any person may speak write and publish his sentiments on all subjects being responsible for the abuse of that liberty
Par XVI The right of the people to be secure in their persons houses papers and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures shall not be violated and no warrant shall issue except upon probable cause supported by oath or affirmation particularly describing the place or places to be searched and the persons or things to be seized
Par XVII There shall be within the State of Georgia neither slavery nor involuntary servitude save as a punishment for crime after conviction thereof
Par XVIII The social status of the citizen shall never be the subject of legislation
Par XIX The civil authority shall be superior to the military and no soldier shall in time of peace be quartered in any house without the consent of the owner nor in time of war except by the civil magistrate in such manner as may be provided by law
Par XX The power of the courts to punish for contempts shall be limited by legislative acts
Par XXI There shall be no imprisonment for debt
Par XXII The right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed but the General Assembly shall have power to prescribe the manner in which arms may be borne
Par XXIII The legislative judicial and executive powers shall forever remain separate and distinct and no person discharging the duties of one shall at the same time exercise the functions of either of the others except as herein provided
Par XXIV The people have the right to assemble peaceably for their common good and to apply to those vested with the powers of government for redress of grievances by petition or remonstrance
Par XXV All citizens of the United States resident in this State are hereby declared citizens of this State and it shall be the duty of the General Assembly to enact such laws as will protect them in the full enjoyment of the rights privileges and immunities due to such citizenship
Section II
Paragraph I In all prosecutions or indictments for libel the truth may be given in evidence and the jury in all criminal cases shall be the judges of the law and the facts The power of the judged to grant new trials in case of conviction is preserved
Iar II Treason against the State of Georgia shall consist in levying war against her adhering to her enemies giving them aid and comfort No person shall be convicted of treason except on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act or confession in open court
Par III No conviction shall work corruption of blood or forfeiture of estate
Par IV All lotteries and the sale of lottery tickets are hereby prohibited and this prohibition shall be enforced by penal laws
Par V Lobbying is declared to be a crime and the General Assembly shall enforce this provision by suitable penalties
Par VI The General Assembly shall have the power to provide for the punishment of fraud and shall provide by law for reaching property of the debtor concealed from the creditor
Section III
Paragraph I In cases of necessity private ways may be granted upon ust compensation being first paid by the applicant Private property shall not be taken or damaged for public purposes without just adequate compensation being first paid
Par II No bill of attainder ex post jacto law retroactive law or law impairing the obligation of contracts or making irrevocable grants of special privileges or immunities shall be passed
Par III No grant of special privileges or immunities shall be revoked except in such manner as to work no injustice to the corporators or creditors of the incorporation
195
Section IV
Paragraph I Laws of a general nature shall have uniform operation throughout the State and no special law shall be enacted in any case for which provision has been made by an existing general law No general law affecting private rights shall be varied in any particular case by special legislation except with the free consent in writing of all persons to be affected thereby and no person under legal disability to contract is capable of such consent
Par II Legislative acts in violation of this Constitution or the Constitution of the United States are void and the judiciary shall so declare them
Section V
Paragraph I The people of this State have the inherent sole and exclusive right of regulating their internal government and the police thereof and of altering and abolishing their Constitution whenever it may be necessary to their safety and happiness
Par II The enumeration of rights herein contained as a part of this Constitution shall not be construed to deny to the people any inherent rights which they may have hitherto enjoyed
ARTICLE II
Elective Franchise Section I
Paragraph I After the year 1908 elections by the people shall be by ballot and only those persons shall be allowed to vote who have been first registered in accordance with the requirements of law
Par II Every male citizen of this State who is a citizen of the United States twentyone years old or upwards not laboring under any of the disabilities named in this Article and possessing the qualifications provided by it shall be an elector and entitled to register and vote at any election by the people Provided that no soldier sailor or marine in the military or naval services of the United States shall acquire the rights of an elector by reason of being stationed on duty in this State
Par III To entitle a person to register and vote at any election by the people he shall have resided in the State one year next preceding the election and in the county in which he offers to vote six months next preceding the election and shall have paid all taxes which may have been required of him since the adoption of the Constitution of Georgia of 1877 that he may have had an opportunity of paying agreeably to law Such payment must have been made at least six months prior to the election at which he offers to vote except when such elections are held within six
196
months from the expiration of the time fixed by law for the payment of such taxes
Par IV Every male citizen of this State shall be entitled to register as an elector and to vote in all elections in said State who is not disqualified under the provisions of Section 2 of Article 2 of this Constitution and who possess the qualifications prescribed in paragraphs 2 arid 3 of this Section or who will possess them at the date of the election occurring next after his registration and who in addition thereto comes within either of the classes provided for in the five following subdivisions of this paragraph
1 All persons who have honorably served in the land or naval forces of the United States in the Revolutionary War or in the War of 1812 or in the War with Mexico or in any War with the Indians or in the War between the States or in the War with Spain or who honorably served in the land or naval forces of the Confederate States or of the State of Georgia in the War between the States or
2 All persons lawfully descended from those embraced in the classes enumerated in the subdivision next above or
3 All persons who are of good character and understand the duties and obligations of citizenship under a republican form of government or
4 All persons who can correctly read in the English language any paragraph of the Constitution of the United States or of this State and correctly write the same m the English language when read to them by any one of the registrars and all persons who solely because of physical disability are unable to comply with the above requirements but who can understand and give a reasonable interpretation of any paragraph of the Coristitution of the United States or of this State that may be read to them by any one of the registrars or
5 Any person who is the owner in good faith in his own right of at least forty acres of land situated in this State upon which he resides or is the owner in good faith in his own right of property situated in this State and assessed for taxation at the value of 50000
Par V The right to register under subdivisions 1 and 2 of paragraph 4 shall continue only until January 1st 1915 But the registrars shall prepare a roster of all persons who register under subdivisions 1 and 2 of paragraph 4 and shall return the same to the clerks office of the superior court of their counties and the clerks of the superior court shall send copies of the same to the Secretary of State and it shall be the duty of these officers to record and permanently preserve these rosters Any person who has been once registered under either of the subdivisions 1 or 2 of paragraph 4 shall thereafter be permitted to vote Provided he meets the requirements of paragraphs 2 and 3 of this Section
Par VI Any person to whom the right of registration is denied by the registrars upon the ground that he lacks the qualifications set forth in the five subdivisions of paragraph 4 shall have the right to take an appeal and any citizen may enter an appeal from the decision of the registrars allowing any person to register under said subdivisions All appeals
197
must be filed in writing with the registrars within ten days from the date of the decision complained of and shall be returned by the registrars to the office of the clerk of the superior court to be tried as other appeals
Par VII Pending an appeal and until the final decision of the case the judgment of the registrars shall remain in full force
Par VIII No person shall be allowed to participate in a primary of any political party or a convention of any political party in this State who is not a qualified voter
Par IX The machinery provided by law for the registration of force October 1st 1908 shall be used to carry out the provisions of this Section except where inconsistent with same the legislature may change or amend the registration laws from time to time but no such change or amendment shall operate to defeat any of the provisions of this section
Section II
Paragraph I The General Assembly may provide from time to time for the registration of all electors but the following classes of persons shall not be permitted to register vote or hold any office or appointment of honor or trust in this State towit 1st Those who shall have been convicted in any court of competent jurisdiction of treason against the State of embezzlement of public funds malfeasance in office bribery or larceny or of any crime involving moral turpitude punishable by the laws of this State with imprisonment in the penitentiary unless such persons have been pardoned 2d idiots and insane persons
Section III
Paragraph I Electors shall in all cases except for treason felony larceny and breach of the peace be privileged from arrest during their attendance on elections and in going to and returning from the same
Section IV
Paragraph I No person who is the holder of any public money contrary to law shall be eligible to any office in this State until the same is accounted for and paid into the treasury
Paragraph II No person who after the adoption of this Constitution being a resident of this State shall have been convicted of fighting a duel in this State or convicted of sending or accepting a challenge or convicted of aiding or abetting such duel shall hold office in this State lining he shall have been pardoned and every such person shall also be subject to such punishment as may be prescribed by law
Section V
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall by law forbid the sale distribution or furnishing of intoxicating drinks within two miles of elec
tion precincts on days of electionState county or municipaland prescribe punishment for any violation of the same
Section VI
Paragraph I Returns of elections for all civil officers elected by the people who are to be commissioned by the Governor and also for the members of the General Assembly shall be made to the Secretary of State unless otherwise provided by law
ARTICLE III
Legislative Department Section I
Paragraph I The legislative power of the State shall be vested in a General Assembly which shall consist of a Senate and a House of Representatives
Section II
Paragraph I The Senate shall consist of fiftyone members There shall be fiftyone Senatorial Districts as now arranged by counties Each District shall have one Senator
The First Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Chatham Bryan and Effingham
The Second Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Liberty Tattnall McIntosh and Long
The Third Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Wayne Appling Jeff Davis and Brantley
The Fourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Glynn Camden and Charlton
The Fifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Atkinson Ware and Clinch
The Sixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Echols Lowndes Berrien Lanier and Cook
The Seventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Brooks Thomas and Grady
The Eighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Decatur Mitchell Miller and Seminole
The Ninth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Early Calhoun and Baker
The Tenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Dougherty Lee and Worth
The Eleventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Clay Randolph and Terrell
The Twelfth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Stewart Webster and Quitman
199
The Thirteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Sumter Schley and Macon
The Fourteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Dooly Pulaski and Bleckley
The Fifteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Wheeler Montgomery and Toombs
The Sixteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Laurens Emanuel Johnson and Treutlen
The Seventeenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Screven Bulloch and Burke
The Eighteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Richmond Glascock and Jefferson
The Nineteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Taliaferro Greene and Warren
The Twentieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Baldwin Hancock and Washington
The Twentyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Twiggs Wilkinson and Jones
The Twentysecond Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Bibb Monroe Pike and Lamar
The twentythird Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Houston Crawford Taylor and Peach
The Twentyfourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Muscogee Marion and Chattahoochee
The Twentyfifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Harris Upson and Talbot
The Twentysixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Spalding Butts and Fayette
The Twentyseventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Barrow Walton and Oconee
The Twentyeighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Jasper Putnam and Morgan
The Twentyninth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Columbia Lincoln and McDuffie
The Thirtieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Elbert Madison and Hart
The Thirtyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Habersham Franklin and Stephens
The Thirtysecond Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of White Dawson and Lumpkin
The Thirtythird Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Hall Banks and Jackson
The Thirtyfourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of DeKalb Rockdale and Newton
The Thirtyfifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Fulton Clayton and Henry
200
The Thirtysixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Campbell Coweta and Meriwether
The Thirtyseventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Carroll Heard and Troup
The Thirtyeighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Haralson Polk and Paulding
The Thirtyninth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Cherokee Cobb and Douglas
The Fortieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Union Towns and Rabun
The Fortyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Pickens Fannin and Gilmer
The Fortysecond Seifatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Bartow Floyd and Chattooga
The Fortythird Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Murray Gordon and Whitfield
The Fortyfourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Walker Dade and Catoosa
The Fortyfifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Irwin Ben Hill and Telfair
The Fortysixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Bacon Pierce and Coffee
The Fortyseventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Colquitt Tift and Turner
The Fortyeighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Crisp Wilcox and Dodge
The Fortyninth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Bulloch Candler and Evans
The Fiftieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Clarke Oglethorpe and Wilkes
The Fiftyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Gwinnett Milton and Forsyth
Par II The General Assembly may change these districts after each census of the United States Provided that neither the number of districts nor the number of Senators from each district shall be increased
Section III
Paragraph I The House of Representatives shall consist of Representatives apportioned among the several counties of the State as such counties are marked and defined and as the same may be hereafter created as follows To the eight counties having the largest population three Representatives each to the thirty counties having the next largest population two Representatives each and the remaining counties one Representative each including the new counties of Lanier Seminole Brantley Long and Lamar In the event of the ratification of this amendment to
201
the Constitution and in the event of the ratification of the amendments to the Constitution creating the counties of Lanier Seminole and Brantley or either of them the said counties so created shall also be entitled to representation in the General Assembly In the event of a ratification of the amendments creating the counties of Lanier Seminole and Brantley or either of them an election shall be held in such county or counties on the first Tuesday in January 1921 under the laws now governing similar elections for members of the General Assembly for the election of a member of the General Assembly from said county or counties for the session of 1921 and 1922
Par II The above apportionment shall be changed by the General Assembly at its first session after each census taken by the United States government so as to give the six counties having the largest population three representatives each and to the twentysix counties having the next largest population two representatives each but in no event shall the aggregate number of representatives be increased
Section IV
Paragraph I The members of the General Assembly shall be elected for two years and shall serve until the time fixed by law for the convening of the next General Assembly The provisions of this paragraph section and article shall apply to the terms of the members of the General Assembly who were elected at the general election for members of the General Assembly in the year 1912
Par II The first election for members of the General Assembly under this Constitution shall take place on the first Wednesday in December 1877 the second election for the same shall be held on the first Wednesday in October 1880 and subsequent elections biennially on that day untii the day of election is changed by law
Par III The first meeting of the General Assembly after the ratification of this Amendment to the Constitution shall be on the fourth Wednesday in June 1925 and biennially thereafter on the same day until the day shall be changed by law
No session of the General Assembly shall continue longer than sixty days Provided that if an impeachment trial is pending at the end of sixty days the session may be prolonged until completion of said trial
Par IV A majority of each house shall constitute a quorum to transact business but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and compel the presence of its absent members as each house may provide
Par V Each senator and representative before taking his seat shall take the following oath or affirmation towit I will support the Constitution of this State and of the United States and on all questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be most conducive to the interests and prosperity of this State
Par VII No person holding a military commission or other appointment or office having any emolument or compensation annexed thereto under this State or the United States or either of them except justice of the peace and officers of the militia nor any defaulter for public money or for any legal taxes required of him shall have a seat in either house nor shall any senator or representative after his qualification as such be elected by the General Assembly or appointed by the Governor either with or without the advice and consent of the Senate to any office or appointment having any emolument annexed thereto during the time for which he shall have been elected
Par VIII The seat of a member of either House shall be vacated on his removal from the district or county from which he was elected
Section V
Paragraph I The senators shall be citizens of the United States who have attained the age of twentyfive years and who shall have been citizens of this State for four years and for one year residents of the district from which elected
Par II The presiding officer of the Senate shall be styled the President of the Senate and shall be elected inva voce from the senators
Par III The Senate shall have the sole power to try impeachments
Par IV When sitting for that purpose the members shall be on oath or affirmation and shall be presided over by the Chief Justice or the Presiding Justice of the Supreme Court Should the Chief Justice be disqualified the Senate shall select the judge of the Supreme Court to preside No person shall be convicted without the concurrence of twothirds of the members present
Par V Judgments in case of impeachment shall not extend further than removal from office and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor trust or profit within this State but the party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to indictment trial judgment and punishment according to law
Section VI
Paragraph I The representatives shall be citizens of the United States who have attained the age of twentyone years and who shall have been citizens of this State for two years and for one year residents of the counties from which elected
Par II The presiding officer of the House of Representatives shall be styled the Speaker of the House of Representatives and shall be elected viva voce from the body
Par III The House of Representatives shall have the sole power to impeach all persons who shall have been or may be in office
203
Section VII
Paragraph I Each House shall be the judge of theelection returns and qualifications of its members and shall have power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by censure fine imprisonment or expulsion but no member shall be expelled except by a vote of twothirds of the House to which he belongs
Par II Each House may punish by imprisonment not extending beyond the session of any person not a member who shall be guilty of a contempt by any disorderly behavior in its presence or who shall rescue or attempt to rescue any person arrested by order of either House
Par III The members of both Houses shall be free from arrest during their attendance on the General Assembly and in going thereto or returning therefrom except for treason felony larceny or breach of the peace and no member shall be liable to answer in any other place for anything spoken in debate in either House
Par IV Each House shall keep a journal of its proceedings and publish it immediately after its adjournment
Par V The original journal shall be preserved after publication in the office of the Secretary of State but there shall be no other record thereof
Par VI The yeas and nays on any question shall at the desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the journal
Par VII Every bill before it shall pass shall be read three times and on three separate days in each House unless in cases of actual invasion or insurrection but the first and second reading of each local bill and bank and railroad charters shall consist of reading of the title only unless said bill is ordered to be engrossed
Par VIII No law or ordinance shall pass which refers to more than one subjectmatter or contains matter different from what is expressed in the title thereof
Par IX The general appropriation bill shall embrace nothing except appropriations fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the executive legislative and judicial departments of the government payment of the public debt and interest thereon and the support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appropriations shall be made by separate bills each embracing but one subject
Par X All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills
Par XI No money shall be drawn from the treasury except by appropriation made by law and a regular statement and account of the receipt and expenditure of all public money shall be published every three months and also with the laws passed by each session of the General Assembly

204
Par XII No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in each House are recorded
Par XIII All acts shall be signed by the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives and no bill ordinance or resolution intended to have the effect of a law which shall have been rejected by either House shall be again proposed during the same session under the same or any other title without the consent of twothirds of the House by which the same was rejected
Par XIV No bill shall become a law unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the members elected to each House of the General Assembly and it shall in every instance so appear on the Journal
Par XV By an act approved September 24 1885 an amendment to the Constitution was submitted to vote of the people in October 1886 and adopted whereby the original of this paragraph was stricken from the Constitution
Par XVI No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the locality where matter or things to be affected may be situated which notice shall be given at least thirty days prior to the introduction of such bill into the General Assembly and in the manner to be prescribed by law The evidence of such notice having been published shall be exhibited in the General Assembly before such acts shall be passed
Par XVII No law or section of the Code shall be amended or repealed by mere reference to its title or to the number of the section of the Code but the amending or repealing act shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as well as the alteration to be made
Par XVIII The General Assembly shall have no power to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies to make or change election precincts nor to establish bridges or ferries nor to change names of legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law the manner in which such powers shall be exercised by the courts it may confer this authority to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies to the Judges of the Superior Courts of this State in vacation All corporate powers and privileges to banking insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies shall be issued and granted by the Secretary of State in such manner as shall be prescribed by law and if in any event the Secretary of State should be disqualified to act in any case then m that event the legislature shall provide by general laws by what person such charters shall be granted
Par XIX The General Assembly shall have no power to relieve principals or securities upon forfeited recognizances from the payment thereof either before or after judgment thereon unless the principal m the recognizance shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the proper officer
205
Par XX The General Assembly shall not authorize the construction of any street passengerrailway within the limits of any incorporated town or city without the consent of the corporate authorities
Par XXI Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passing of an act or resolution the yeas an4 nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal
Par XXII The General Assembly shall have power to make all laws and ordinances consistent with this Constitution and not repugnant to the Constitution of the United States which they shall deem necessary and proper for the welfare of the State
Par XXIII No provision in this Constitution for a twothirds vote of both Houses of the General Assembly shall be construed to waive the necessity for the signature of the Governor as in any other case exceptin the case of the twothirds vote required to override the veto and in case of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly
Par XXIV Neither House shall adjourn for more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of a disagreement between the two Houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them
Par XXV The General Assembly of the State shall have authority to grant to the governing authorities of the cities of Atlanta Savannah Macon Augusta Columbus LaGrange Brunswick Waycross Albany Athens Rome Darien Dublin Decatur Valdosta Newnan Thomaston and East Thomaston and cities having a population of 25000 or more inhabitants according to the United States sensus of 1920 or any future census authority to pass zoning and planning laws whereby such cities may be zoned or districted for various uses and other or different uses prohibited therein and regulating the use for which said zones or districts may be set apart and regulating the plans for development and improvement of real estate therein The General Asssembly is given general authority to authorize the cities of Atlanta Savannah Macon Augusta Columbus LaGrange Brunswick Waycross Albany Athens Rome Darien Dublin Decatur Valdosta Newnan Thomaston and East Thomaston and cities having a population of 25000 or more inhabitants according to the United States census of 1920 or any future census to pass zoning and planning laws
Section VIII
Paragraph I The officers of the two Houses other than the President and Speaker shall be a secretary of the Senate and clerk of the House of Representatives and such assistants as they may appoint but the clerical expenses of the Senate shall not exceed sixty dollars per day for each session nor those of the House of Representatives seventy dollars per day for each session The secretary of the Senate and clerk of the
House of Representatives shall be required to give bond and security for the faithful discharge of their respective duties
Section IX
Paragraph I The perdiem of the members of the General Assembly shall not exceed seven dollars and mileage shall not exceed ten cents for each mile traveled by the nearest practicable route in going and returning from the Capital but the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives shall each receive not exceeding ten dollars per day
Section X
Paragraph I All elections by the General Assembly shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the Journal of the House of Representatives when the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare the result
Section XI
Paragraph I All property of the wife at the time of her marriage and all property given to inherited or acquired by her shall remain her separate property and not be liable for the debts of her husband
Section XII
Paragraph I All life insurance companies now doing business in this State or which may desire to establish agencies and do business in the State of Georgia chartered by other States of the Union or foreign States shall show that they have deposited with the comptrollergeneral of the State in which they are chartered or of this State the insurance commissioners or such other officer as may be authorized to receive it not less than one hundred thousand dollars in such securities as may be deemed by such officer equivalent to cash subject to his order as a guarantee fund for the security of policyholders
Par II When such showing is made to the comptrollergeneral of the State of Georgia by a proper certificate from the State officials having charge of the funds so deposited the comptrollergeneral of the State of Georgia is authorized to issue to the company making such showmg a license to do business in the State upon paying the fees required by law
Par III All life insurance companies chartered by the State of Georgia pr which may hereafter be chartered by the State shall before doing business deposit with the comptrollergeneral of the State of Georgia or with some strong corporation which may be approved by said comptrollergeneral one hundred thousand dollars in such securities as
207
may be deemed by him equivalent to cash to be subject to his order as a guarantee fund for the security of the policyholders of the company making such deposit all interests and dividends arising from such securities to be paid when due to the company so depositing Any such securities as may be needed or desired by the company may be taken from said department at any time by replacing them with other securities equally acceptable to the comptrollergeneral whose certificate for the same shall be furnished to the company
Par IV The General Assembly shall from time to time enact laws to compel all fire insurance companies doing business in this State whether chartered by this State or otherwise to deposit reasonable securities with the treasurer of this State to secure the people against loss by the operations of said companies
Par V The General Assembly shall compel all insurance companies in this State or doing business therein under proper penalties to make semiannual reports to the Governor and print the same at their own expense for the information and protection of the people
ARTICLE IV
Power of the General Assembly Over Taxation Section I
Paragraph I The right of taxation is a sovereign right inalienable indestructible is the life of the State and rightfully belongs to the people in all republican governments and neither the General Assembly nor any nor all other departments of the government established by this Constitution shall ever have the authority to irrevocably give grant limit or restrain this right and all laws grants contracts and all other acts whatsoever by said government or any department thereof to effect any of these purposes shall be and are hereby declared to be null and void for every purpose whatsoever and said right of taxation shall always be under the complete control of arid revocable by the State notwithstanding any gift grant or contract whatsoever by the General Assembly
Section II
Paragraph I The power and authority of regulating railroad freights and passenger tariffs preventing unjust discriminations and requiring reasonable and just rates of freight and passenger tariffs are hereby conferred upon the General Assembly whose duty it shall be to pass laws from time to time to regulate freight and passenger tariffs to prohibit unjust discriminations on the various railroads of this State and to prohibit said roads from charging other than just and reasonable rates arid enforce the same by adequate penalties
208
Par IL The exercise of the right of eminent domain shall never be abridged nor so construed as to prevent the General Assembly from taking the property and franchises of incorporated companies and subjecting them to public use the same as property of individuals and the exercise of the police power of the State shall never be abridged nor so construed as to permit corporations to conduct their business in such a manner as to infringe the equal rights of individuals or the general wellbeing of the State
Par III The General Assembly shall not remit the forfeiture of the charter of any corporation now existing nor alter or amend the same nor pass any other general or special law for the benefit of said corporation except upon the condition that such corporation shall thereafter hold its charter subject to the provisions of this Constitution and every amendment of any charter of any corporation in this State or any special law for its benefit accepted thereby shall operate as a novation of said charter and shall bring the same under the provisions of this Constitution Provided that this section shall not extend to any amendment for the purpose of allowing any existing road to take stock in or aid in the building of any branch road
Par IV The General Assembly of this State shall have no power to authorize any corporation to buy shares or stock in any other corporation in this State or elsewhere or to make any contract or agreement whatever with any such corporation which may have the effect or be intended to have the effect to defeat or lessen competition in their respective business or to encourage monopoly and all such contracts and agreements shall be illegal and void
ar V railroad company shall give or pay any rebate or bonus m the nature thereof directly or indirectly or do any act to mislead or deceive the public as to the real rates charged or received for freights or passage and any such payments shall be illegal and void and these prohibitions shall be enforced by suitable penalties
Par VI No provisions of this Article shall be deemed held or taken to impair the obligation of any contract heretofore made by the State of Georgia
p ar VII The General Assembly shall enforce the provisions of this Article by appropriate legislation
ARTICLE V
Executive Department Section I
Paragraph I The officers of the Executive Department shall consist of a Governor Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer
209
Par II The executive power shall be vested in a Governor who shall hold his office during the term of two years and until his successor shall be chosen and qualified He shall not be eligible to reelection after the expiration of a second term for the period of four years He shall have a salary of three thousand dollars per annum until otherwise provided by a law passed by a twothirds vote of both branches of the General Assembly which shall not be increased or diminished during the period for which he shall have been elected j nor shall he receive within that time any other emolument from the United States or either of them or from any foreign power But this reduction of salary shall not apply to the present term of the present Governor
Par III The first election for Governor under this Constitution shall be held on the first Wednesday in October 1880 and the Governorelect shall be installed in office at the next session of the General Assembly An election shall take place biennially thereafter on said day until another date be fixed by the General Assembly Said election shall be held at the places of holding general elections in the several counties of this State jn the manner prescribed for the election of members of the General Assembly and the electors shall be the same
Par IV The returns for every election of Governor shall be sealed up by the managers separately from other returns and directed to the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives and transmitted to the Secretary of State who shall without opening said returns cause the same to be laid before the Senate on the day after the two Houses shall have been organized and they shall be transmitted by the Senate to the House of Representatives
Par V The members of each branch of the General Assembly shall convene in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives shall open and publish the returns in the presence and under the direction of the General Assembly and the person having the majority of the whole number of votes shall be declared duly elected Governor of this State but if no person shall have such majority then from the two persons having the highest number of votes who shall be in life and shall not decline an election at the time appointed for the General Assembly to elect the General Assembly shall immediately elect a Governor vivo vocci and in all cases of election of a Governor by the General Assembly a majority of the members present shall be necessary to a choice
Par VI Contested elections shall be determined by both Houses of the General Assembly in such manner as shall be prescribed by law
Par VII No person shall be eligible to the office of Governor who shall not have been a citizen of the United States fifteen years and a citizen of the State six years and who shall not have attained the age of thirty years
Par VIII In case of the death resignation or disability of the Governor the President of the Senate shall exercise the executive powers
210
of the government until such disability be removed or a successor is elected and qualified And in case of the death resignation or disability of the President of the Senate the Speaker of the House of Representatives shall exercise the executive powers of the government until the removal of the disability or the election and qualification of a Governor
Par IX The General Assembly shall have power to provide by law for filling unexpired terms by special elections
Par X The Governor shall before he enters on the duties of his office take the following oath or affirmation I do solemnly swear or affirm as the case may be that I will faithfully execute the office of Governor of the State of Georgia and will to the best of my ability preserve protect and defend the Constitution thereof and the Constitution of the United States of America
Par XI The Governor shall be commanderinchief of the army and navy of this State and the militia thereof
Par XII He shall have power to grant reprieves and pardons to commute penalties remove disabilities imposed by law and to remit any part of a sentence for offences against the State after conviction except in case of treason and impeachment subject to such regulations as may be provided by law relative to the manner of applying for pardons Upon conviction for treason he may suspend the execution of the sentence and report the case to the General Assembly at the next meeting thereof when the General Assembly shall either pardon commute the sentence direct its execution or grant a further reprieve He shall at each session of the General Assembly communicate to that body each case of reprieve pardon or commutation granted stating the name of the convict the offense for which he was convicted the sentence and its date the date of the reprieve pardon or commutation and the reasons for granting the same He shall take care that the laws are faithfully executed and shall be a conservator of the peace throughout the State
Par XIII He shall issue writs of election to fill all vacancies that may happen in the Senate or House of Representatives and shall give the General Assembly from time to time information of the state of the Commonwealth and recommend to their consideration such measures as he may deem necessary or expedient He shall have power to convoke the General Assembly on extraordinary occasions but no law shall be enacted at call sessions of the General Assembly except such as shall relate to the object stated in his proclamation convening them
Par XIV When any office shall become vacant by death resignation or otherwise the Governor shall have power to fill such vacancy unless otherwise provided by law and persons so appointed shall continue m office until a successor is commissioned agreeably to the mode pointed out by this Constitution or by law in pursuance thereof
Par XV A person once rejected by the Senate shall not be reappointed by the Governor to the same office during the same session or the recess thereafter
211
Par XVI The Governor shall have the revision of all bills passed by the General Assembly before the same shall become laws but two thirds of each House may pass a law notwithstanding his dissent and if any bill shall not be returned by the Governor within five days Sundays excepted after it has been presented to him the same shall be a law unless the General Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return He may approve any appropriation and disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill and the latter shall not be effectual unless passed by twothirds of each House
Par XVII Every vote resolution or order to which the concurrence of both Houses may be necessary except on a question of election or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor and before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be repassed by twothirds of each House
Par XVIII He may require information in writing from the officers in the Executive Department on any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices It shall be the duty of the Governor quarterly and oftener if he deems it expedient to examine under oath the treasurer and comptrollergeneral of the State on all matters pertaining to their respective offices and to inspect and review their books and accounts The General Assembly shall have authority to provide by law for the suspension of either of said officers from the discharge of the duties of his office and also for the appointment of a suitable person to discharge the duties of the same
Par XIX The Governor shall have the power to appoint his own secretaries not exceeding two in number and to provide such other clerical force as may be required in his office for salaries and clerical force in his office shall not exceed the sum of ten thousand dollars 1000000 and this sum shall not be exceeded either directly or indirectly for any services rendered the Governor in the way of clerical assistance or in any other manner
Section II
Paragraph I The Secretary of State comptrollergeneral and treasurer shall be elected by persons qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly at the same time and in the same manner as the Governor The provisions of the Constitution as to the transmission of the returns of election counting the votes declaring the result deciding when there is no election and when there is a contested election applicable to the election of Governor shall apply to the election of Secretary of State comptrollergeneral and treasurer they shall be commissioned by the Governor and hold their offices for the same time as the Governor
Par II The General Assembly shall have power to prescribe the duties authority and salaries of the Secretary of State Comptroller
212
general and Treasurer and to provide help and expenses necessary for the operation of the department of each
Par Ill and IV stricken out
Acts 1927 p 121
Par V The treasurer shall not be allowed directly or indirectly to receive any fee interest or reward from any person bank or corporation for the deposit or use in any manner of the public funds and the General Assembly shall enforce this provision by suitable penalties
Par VI No person shall be eligible to the office of Secretary of State comptrollergeneral or treasurer unless he shall have been a citizen cf the United States for ten years and shall have resided in this State for six years next preceding his election and shall be twentyfive years of age when elected All of said officers shall give bond and security under regulations to be prescribed by law for the faithful discharge of their duties
Par VII The Secretary of State the comptrollergeneral and the treasurer shall not be allowed any fee perquisite or compensation other than their salaries as prescribed by law except their necessary expenses when absent from the seat of government on business for the State
Section III
Paragraph I The great seal of the State shall be deposited in the office of the Secretary of State and shall not be affixed to any instrument of writing except by order of the Governor or General Assembly and that now in use shall be the great seal of the State until otherwise provided by law
ARTICLE VI
Judiciary
Section I
Paragraph I The judicial powers of the State shall be vested in a Supreme Court a Court of Appeals superior courts courts of ordinary justices of the peace commissioned notaries public and such other courts as have been or may be established by law
Section II
Paragraph I The Supreme Court shall consist of a Chief Justice and five Associate Justices A majority of the court shall constitute a quorum
Par II When one or more of the judges are disqualified from deciding any case by interest or otherwise the Governor shall designate a judge or judges of the superior courts to preside in said case
213
Par III No judge of any court shall preside in any case where the validity of any bondFederal State corporation or municipalis involved who holds in his own right or as the representative of others any material interests in the class of bonds upon which the question to be decided arises
Par IV The Chief Justice and Associate Justices shall hold their offices for six years and until their successors are qualified A successor to the incumbent whose term will soonest expire shall be elected by the General Assembly in 1880 a successor to the incumbent whose term of office is next in duration shall be elected by the General Assembly m 1882 and a successor to the third incumbent shall be elected by the General Assembly in 1884 but appointments to fill vacancies shall only be for the unexpired term or until such vacancies are filled by elections agreeably to the mode pointed out by this Constitution
Par V The Supreme Court shall have no original jurisdiction but shall be a court alone for the trial and correction of errors of law from the superior courts and the City Courts of Atlanta and Savannah and such other like courts as have been or may hereafter be established in other cities in all cases that involve the construction of the Constitution of the State of Georgia or of the United States or of treaties between the United States and foreign governments in all cases in which the constitutionality of any law of the State of Georgia or of the United States is drawn in question and until otherwise provided by law in all cases respecting titles to land in all equity cases in all cases which involve the validity of or the construction of wills in all cases of conviction of a capital felony in all habeascorpus cases in all cases involving extraordinary remedies in all divorce and alimony cases and in all cases certified to it by the Court of Appeals for its determination It shall also be competent for the Supreme Court to require by ceitiorari or otherwise any case to be certified to the Supreme Court from the Court of Appeals for review and determination with the same power and authority as if the case had been carried by writ of error to the Supreme Court Any case carried to the Supreme Court or to the Court of Appeals which belongs to the class of which the other court has jurisdiction shall until otherwise provided by law be transferred to the other court under such rules as the Supreme Court may prescribe and the cases so transferred shall be heard and determined by the court which has jurisdiction thereof
Par VI The Supreme Court shall dispose of every case at the first or second term after such writ of error is brought and in case the plaintiff in error shall not be prepared at the first term to prosecute the case unless prevented by providential causeit shall be stricken from the docket and the judgment below shall stand affirmed
Par VII In any case the court may in its discretion withhold its judgment until the next term after the same is argued
214
Par VIII The Supreme Court shall hereafter consist of a Chief Justice and five Associate Justices The court shall have power to hear and determine cases when sitting either in a body or in two divisions of three judges each under such regulations as may be prescribed by the General Assembly A majority of either division shall constitute a quorum for that division The Chief Justice and the Associate Justices of the Supreme Court shall hereafter be elected by the people at the same time and in the same manner as the Governor and the Statehouse officers are elected except that the first election under this amendment shall be held on the third Wednesday in December 1896 at which time one Associate Justice shall be elected for a full term of six years to fill the vacancy occur ingon January 1st 1897 by the expiration of the term of one of the present incumbents and three additional Associate Justices shall be elected for terms expiring respectively January 1st 1899 January 1st 1901 and January 1st 1903 The persons elected as additional Associate Justices shall among themselves determine by lot which of the three last mentioned terms each shall have and they shall be commissioned accordingly After said first election all terms except unexpired terms shall be for six years each In cases of any vacancy which causes an unexpired term the same shall be filled by executive appointment and the person appointed by the Governor shall hold his office until the next regular election and until his successor for the balance of the unexpired term shall have been elected and qualified The returns of said special election shall be made to the Secretary of State
Par IX The Court of Appeals shall consist of the judges provided therefor by law at the time of the ratification of this amendment and of such additional judges as the General Assembly shall from time to time prescribe All terms of the judges of the Court of Appeals after the expiration of the terms of the judges provided for by law at the time of the ratification of the amendment except unexpired terms shall continue six years and until their successors are qualified The time and manner of electing judges and the mode of filling a vacancy which causes an unexpired term shall be the same as are or may be provided for by the laws relating to the election and appointment of Justices of the Supreme Court The Court of Appeals shall have jurisdiction for the trial and correction of errors of law from the superior courts and from the City Courts of Atlanta and Savannah and such other like courts as have been or may hereafter be established in other cities in all cases in which such jurisdiction has not been conferred by this Constitution upon the Supreme Court and in such other cases as may hereafter be prescribed by law except that where a case is pending in the Court of Appeals and the Court of Appeals desires instruction from the Supreme Court it may certify the same to the Supreme Court and thereupon a transcript of the record shall be transmitted to the Supreme Court which after having afforded to the parties an opportunity to be heard thereon shall instruct the Court of Appeals on the question so certified and the Court of Appeals shall be bound by
215
the instructionsso given But if by reason of equal division of opinion among the Justices of the Supreme Court no such instruction is given the Court of Appeals may decide the question The manner of certifying questions to the Supreme Court by the Court of Appeals and the subsequent proceedings in regard to the same in the Supreme Court shall be as the Supreme Court shall by its rules prescribe until otherwise provided by law No affirmance of the judgment of the court below in cases pending in the Court of Appeals shall result from delay in disposing of questions or cases certified from the Court of Appeals to the Supreme Court or as to which such certificate has been required by the Supreme Court as hereinbefore provided All writs of error in the Supreme Court or the Court of Appeals when received by its clerk during a term of the court and before the docket of the term is by order of the court closed shall be entered thereon when received at any other time shall be entered on the docket of the next term and they shall stand for hearing at the term for which they are so entered under such rules as the court may prescribe until otherwise provided by law The Court of Appeals shall appoint a clerk aiid a sheriff of the court The reporter of the Supreme Court shall be the reporter of the Court of Appeals until otherwise provided by law The laws relating to the Supreme Court as to qualifications and salaries of judges the designation of other judges to preside when members of the court are disqualified the powers duties salaries fees and terms of officers the mode of carrying cases to the court the powers practice procedure times of sitting and costs of the court the publication of reports of cases decided therein and in all other respects except as otherwise provided in this Constitution or by the laws as to the Court of Appeals at the time of the ratification of this amendment and until otherwise provided by law shall apply to the Court of Appeals so far as they can be made to apply The decisions of the Supreme Court shall bind the Court of Appeals as precedents
Section III
Paragraph I There shall be a judge of the superior courts for each judicial circuit whose term of office shall be four years and until his successor is qualified He may act in other circuits when authorized by law The legislature shall have authority to add one or more additional judges of the superior court for any judicial circuit in this State and shall have authority to regulate the manner in which the judges of such circuits shall dispose of the businessthereof and shall fix the time at which the term or terms of office of such additional judge or judges shall begin and the manner of his appointment or election and shall have authority from time to time to add to the number of such judges in any judicial circuit or to reduce the number of judges in any judicial circuit Provided that at all times there shall be at least one judge in every judicial circuit of this State
Par II The successors to the present and subsequent incumbents be elected by the electors entitled to vote for members of the General
216
Assembly of the whole State at the general election held for such members next preceding the expiration of their respective terms Provided that the successors for all incumbents whose terms expire on or before the first day of January 1899 shall be elected by the General Assembly at its session for 1898 for the full term of four years
Par III The terms of the judges to be elected under the Constitution except to fill vacancies shall begin on the first day of January after their election Every vacancy occasioned by death resignation or other causes shall be filled by appointments of the Governor until the first day of January after the general election held next after the expiration of thirty days from the time such vacancy occurs at which election a successor for the unexpired term shall be elected
Section IV
Paragraph I The superior court shall have exclusive jurisdiction in cases of divorce in criminal cases where the offender is subjected to loss of life or confinement in the penitentiary in cases respecting titles to land and equity cases
Par II The General Assembly may confer upon the courts of common law all the powers heretofore exercised by courts of equity in this State
Par III Said courts shall have jurisdiction in all civil cases except as hereinafter provided
Par IV They shall have appellate jurisdiction in all such cases as may be provided by law
Par V They shall have power to correct errors in inferior judicatories by writ of certiorari which shall only issue on the sanction of the judge and said courts and the judges thereof shall have power to issue writs of mandamus prohibition scire facias and all other writs that may be necessary for carrying their powers fully into effect and shall have such other powers as are or may be conferred on them by law
Par VI The General Assembly may provide for an appeal from one jury in the superior and city courts to another and the said courts may grant new trials on legal grounds
Par VII The court shall render judgment without the verdict of a jury in all civil cases founded on unconditional contracts in writing where an issuable defense is not filed under oath or affirmation
Par VIII The superior courts shall sit in each county not less than twice in each year at such times as have been or may be appointed by law
Par IX The General Assembly may provide by law for the appointment of some proper person to preside in cases where the presiding judge is from any cause disqualified
217
Section V
Paragraph I In any county within which there is or hereafter may be a city court the judge of said court and of the superior court may preside in the courts of each other in cases where the judge of either court is disqualified to preside
Section VI
Paragraph I The powers of a court of ordinary and of probate shall be vested in an ordinary for each county from whose decision there may be an appeal or by consent of parties without a decision to the superior court under regulations prescribed by law
Par II The courts of ordinary shall have such powers in relation to roads bridges ferries public buildings paupers county officers county funds county taxes and other county matters as may be conferred on them by law
Par III The ordinary shall hold his office for the term of four years and until his successor is elected and qualified
Section VII
Paragraph I There shall be in each militia district one justice of the peace whose official term except when elected to fill an unexpired term shall be four years provided however that the General Assembly may in its discretion abolish justice courts and the office of justice of the peace and of notarypublic exofficio justice of the peace in any city of this State having a population of over twenty thousand and establish in lieu thereof such court or courts or system of courts as the General Assembly may in its discretion deem necessary conferring upon such new court or courts or system of courts when so established the jurisdiction as to subjectmatter now exercised by justice courts and by justices of the peace and notaries public exofficio justices of the peace together with such additional jurisdiction either as to amount or subjectmatter as may be provided bylaw whereof some other court has not exclusive jurisdiction under this Constitution together with such provision as to rules and procedure in such courts and as to new trials and the correction of errors in and by said courts and with such further prevision for the correction of errors by the Superior Court or Court of Appeals or the Supreme Court as the General Assembly may from time to time in its discretion provide or authorize Any court so established shall not be subject to the rules of uniformity laid down in Paragraph 1 of Section 9 of Article 6 of the Constitution of Georgia And provided however that the General Assembly in its discretion may abolish justice courts and the office of justice of the peace and notary public exofficio justice of the peace in any county in this State having within its borders a city having population of over twenty thousand and establish in lieu thereof such court
218
or courts or system of courts as the General Assembly may in its discretion deem necessary or conferring upon existing courts by extension of their jurisdiction the jurisdiction as to subjectmatter now exercised by justice courts and by justices of the peace and notaries public exofficio justices of the peace together with such additional jurisdiction either as to amount or to subjectmatter as may be provided by law whereof some other court has not exclusive jurisdiction under this Constitution together also with such provisions as to rules and procedure in such courts and as to new trials and the correction of errors in and by said courts and with such further provision for the correction of errors by the Superior Court or the Court of Appeals or the Supreme Court as the General Assembly may from time to time in its discretion provide or authorize The Municipal Court of Atlanta shall have jurisdiction in Fulton County and outside the city limits of Atlanta either concurrently with or supplemental to or in lieu of justice courts as may be now or hereafter provided by law Any court so established shall not be subject to the rules of uniformity laid down in Paragraph 1 of Section 9 of Article 6 of the Constitution of Georgia Provided that nothing herein contained shall apply to Richmond County
Par II Justices of the peace shall have jurisdiction in all civil cases arising ex contractu and in cases of injuries or damages to personal property when the principal sum does not exceed one hundred dollars and shall sit monthly at fixed times and places but in all cases there may be an appeal to a jury in said court or an appeal to the superior court under such regulations as may be prescribed by law
Par III Justices of the peace shall be elected by the legal voters in their respective districts and shall be commissioned by the Governor They shall be removable on conviction for malpractice in office
Section VIII
Paragraph I Commissioned notaries public not to exceed one for each militia district may be appointed by the judges of superior courts in their respective circuits upon recommendation of the grand jurifes of the several counties They shall be commissioned by the Governor for the term of four years and shall be exofficio justices of the peace and shall be removable on conviction for malpractice in office
Section IX
Paragraph I The jurisdiction powers proceedings and practice of all courts or officers invested with judicial powers except city courts of the same grade or class so far as regulated by law and the force and effect of the process judgment and decree by such courts severally shall be uniform This uniformity must be established by the General Assembly
219
Section X
Paragraph I There shall be an attorneygeneral of this State who shall be elected by the people at the same time for the same term and in the same manner as the Governor
Par II It shall be the duty of the attorneygeneral to act as the legal adviser of the executive department to represent the State in the Supreme Court in all capital felonies and in all civil and criminal cases in any court when required by the Governor and to perform such other services as shall be required of him by law
Section XI
Paragraph I There shall be a solicitorgeneral for each judicial circuit whose official term except to fill a vacancy shall be four years The successors of present and subsequent incumbents shall be elected by the electors of the whole State qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly at the general election held next preceding the expiration of their respective terms Every vacancy occasioned by death resignation or other causes shall be filled by appointment of the Governor until the first day of January after the general election held next after the expiration of thirty days from the time such vacancy occurs at which election a successor for the unexpired term shall be elected Provided that the successors for all incumbents whose terms expire on or before the first day of January 1899 shall be elected by the General Assembly at its session for 1898 for the full term of four years
Par II It shall be the duty of the solicitorgeneral to represent the State in all cases in the superior courts of his circuit and in all cases taken up from his circuit to the Supreme Court and to perform such other services as shall be required of him by law
Section XIII
Paragraph I The Justices of the Supreme Court each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 7000 per annum the Judges of the Court of Appeals each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 7000 per annum the Judges of the superior courts each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 5000 per annum the attorneygeneral shall have a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum and the solicitorsgeneral each shall have salaries not to exceed two hundred and fifty dollars per annum but the attorneygeneral shall not have any fee or perquisite in any case arising after the adoption of this Constitution Provided that the Comity of Chatham shall from its treasury pay to the judge of the Superior Court of the Eastern Circuit 500000 per annum said payments are hereby declared to be a part of the court expenses of said county and shall be made to the judge now in office as well
Section XII superseded by other sections
220
as his successors Provided further that the Board of County Commissioners of Fulton County or such other board or person as may from time to time exercise the administrative powers of Fulton County shall have power and authority to pay the judges of the superior court of Fulton County such sums in addition to the salaries paid by the State as said administrative authority or authorities may deem advisable and the amounts so paid are declared to be a part of the court expenses of said county
Provided further that the Board of County Commissioners of the counties of Clark Floyd Sumter Bibb or such other Board or persons as may from time to time exercise the administrative powers of said several counties may supplement from their respective countys treasuries the salaries of the judges of the circuits of which they are a part by such sum as may be necessary with salaries paid each of said judges from the State Treasury to make a salary of 6000 each per annum of such judges and such payments are declared to be a part of the court expenses of said cqunties and such payments shall be made to the judges now in office as well as to their successors Provided further that the County of Fulton may supplement the salary of the judge of the Stone Mountain Circuit or the judges of such other circuits as may be hereafter required to regularly preside therein for additional services rendered in the Superior Court of said county such sums as will with the salary paid such judge from the State Treasury make a salary of 6000 per annum said payments are declared to be a part of the court expenses of Fulton County such payments to be made to the judge now in office as well as to his successors The provisions of this amendment shall take effect and the salaries herein provided for shall begin from the ratification of this amendment and shaH apply to the incumbents in the several offices as well as their successors and provided further that the Board of County Commissioners of the county of Richmond or such other Board or persons as may from time to time exercise the administrative powers of said county shall supplement from said countys treasury the salary of the judge of the Superior Court of the circuit of which the said County of Richmond is a part by such sum as may be necessary with salaries paid such judge from the State Treasury to make a salary for said judge of 7000 per annum and such payments are declared to be a part of the court expenses of said county and such payments shall be made to the judge now in office as well as to his successors The provisions of this amendment shah take effect and the salaries herem provided for shall begin from the ratification of this amendment and shall apply to the incumbents in office as well as his successors Provided that the County of Muscogee from and after January 1 1927 shall pay from its treasury to the Superior Court judges of the circuit of which it is a part such sums as will with the salary paid each judge from the State Treasury make a salary of eight thousand dollars per annum to each judge and said payments are declared to be a part of the court expenses of such county
221
The Act of the General Assembly of 1904 entitled An Act to regulate the salaries of judges of the Superior Courts of all Judicial Circuits of this State having or that may hereafter have therein a city with a population of not less than 54000 nor more than 75000 inhabitants and for other purposes with the Acts of the General Assembly of 1905 and 1906 amendatory thereof and also the Act of the General Assembly of 1906 entitled An Act to Regulate the Compensation of Judges of the Superior Courts for services rendered outside of their own Circuits in those Judicial Circuits of the State having therein a city of net less than 75000 inhabitants according to the Census of 1900 and for other purposes which Acts provide for the payment from the treasuries of the counties containing said cities to the judges aforesaid of a part of their salaries are ratified validated and confirmed as to the dates of said respective enactments
Par II The General Assembly may at any time by a twothirds vote of each branch prescribe other and different salaries for any or all of the above officers but no such change shall affect the officers then in commission Provided however that the General Assembly shall have power at any time by a majority vote of each branch to abolish the fees at present accruing to the office of solicitorgeneral in any particular circuit and in lieu thereof to prescribe a salary for such office in addition to the salary prescribed in paragraph 1 of this section of this article and without regard to the uniformity of such salaries in the various circuits and shall have the further power to determine what disposition shall be made of the fines forfeitures and fees accruing to the office of solicitorgeneral in any such judicial circuit where the fees are abolished
Section XIV
Paragraph I No person shall be judge of the Supreme or superior courts or attorneygeneral unless at the time of his election he shall have attained the age of thirty years and shall have been a citizen of the State for three years and have practiced law for seven years and no person shall be hereafter elected solicitorgeneral unless at the time of his election he shall have attained twentyfive years of age shall have been a citizen of the State for three years and shall have practiced law for three years next preceding his election
Section XV
Paragraph I No total divorce shall be granted except on the concurrent verdicts of two juries at different terms of the court
Par II When a divorce is granted the jury rendering the final verdict shall determine the rights and disabilities of the parties
Section XVI
Paragraph I Divorce cases shall be brought in the county where
222
the defendant resides if a resident of this State if the defendant be not a resident of this State then in the county in which the plaintiff resides
Par II Cases respecting titles to land shall be tried in the county where the land lies except where a single tract is divided by a county line in which case the superior court in either county shall have jurisdiction
Par III Equity cases shall be tried in the county where a defendant resides against whom substantial relief is prayed
Par IV Suits against joint obligors joint promissors copartners or joint trespassers residing in different counties may be tried in either county
Par V Suits against the maker and indorser of promissory notes or drawer acceptor and endorser of foreign or inland bills of exchange or like instruments residing in different counties shall be brought in the county where the maker or acceptor resides
Par VI All other civil cases shall be tried in the county where the defendant resides and all criminal cases shall be tried in the county where the crime was committed except cases in the superior courts where the judge is satisfied that an impartial jury cannot be obtained in such county
Section XVII
Paragraph I The power to change the venue in civil and criminal cases shall be vested in the superior courts to be exercised in such manner as has been or shall be provided by law
Section XVIII
Paragraph I The right of trial by jury except where it is otherwise provided in this Constitution shall remain inviolate but the General Assembly may prescribe any number not less than five to constitute a trial or traverse jury in courts other than the superior and city courts
Par II The General Assembly shall provide by law for the selection of the most experienced intelligent and upright men to serve as grand jurors and intelligent and upright men to serve as traverse jurors Nevertheless the grand jurors shall be competent to serve as traverse jurors
Par III It shall be the duty of the General Assembly by general laws to prescribe the manner of fixing compensation of jurors in all counties in this State
Section XIX
Paragiaph I The General Assembly shall have power to provide for the creation of county commissioners in such counties as may require them and to define their duties
223
Section XX
Paragraph I All courts not specially mentioned by name in the first section of this article may be abolished in any county at the discretion of the General Assembly
Section XXI
Paragraph I The costs in the Supreme Court shall not exceed ten
exercised by the General Assembly for the following purposes only
For the support of the State government and the public institutions
For educational purposes in instructing children in the elementary branches of an English education only
To pay the interest on the public debt
To pay the principal of the public debt
To suppress insurrection to repel invasion and defend the State in time of war
To supply the soldiers who lost a limb or limbs in the military service of the Confederate States with substantial artificial limbs during life and make suitable provisions for such Confederate soldiers as may have been otherwise disabled or permanently injured in such service or who may by reason of age and poverty or infirmity and poverty or blindness and poverty be unable to previde a living for themselves and for the widows of such Confederate soldiers as may have died in the service of the Confederate States or since from wounds received therein or disease contracted in the service or who by reason of age and poverty or infirmity and poverty or blindness and poverty are unable to provide a living for themselvesProvided that the Act shall only apply to such widows as were married at the time of such service and have remained unmarried since the death of such soldier husband
To make provisions for the payment of pensions to any exConfederate soldier residing in this State January 1 1920 who enlisted in the military service c f the Confederate States during the Civil War between the States of the United States and who performed actual military services in the armies of the Confederate States or of the organized militia of this State and was honorably discharged therefrom and to widows now resi
dollars until otherwise provided by law Plaintiffs in error shall not be required to pay costs in said court when the usual pauper oath is filed in the court below
ARTICLE VII
Finance Taxation and Public Debt
Section I
The powers of taxation over the whole State shall be
224
dents of this State of exConfederate soldiers who enlisted in the military service of the Confederate States and who performed actual service in the armies of the Confederate States or of the organized militia of this State who died in said military service or were honorably discharged therefrom who were married prior to January 1 1881 No widow of a soldier killed during the war shall be deprived of her pension by reason of having subsequently married another veteran who is dead unless she is receiving a pension on account of being the widow of such second husband Any soldier doing service in the Confederate army whether he belonged to the Confederate army or whether he belonged to the militia of any Confederate State and served with the Confederate army shall be eligible to draw a pension
To construct and maintain a system of State highways
Par II The levy of taxes on property for any one year by the General Assembly for all purposes except to provide for repelling invasion suppressing insurrection or defending the State in time of war shall not exceed five mills on each dollar of the value of the property taxable in the State
Section II
Paragraph I All taxation shall be uniform upon the same class of subjects and ad valorem on all prope ty subject to be taxed within the territorial limits of the authority levying the tax and shall be levied and collected under general laws The General Assembly may however impose a tax upon such domestic animals as from their nature and habits are destructive of other property
Par II The General Assembly may by law exempt from taxation all public property places of religious worship or burial all institutions of purely public charity all buildings erected for and used as a college incorporated academy or other seminary of learning and also all funds or property held or used as endowment by such colleges incorporated academies or seminaries of learning provided the same is not invested in real estate and provided further that said exemption shall only apply to such colleges incorporated academies or other semina1 ies of learning as are open to the general public provided further that all endowments to institutions established for white people shall be limited to white people and all endowments to institutions established for colored people shall be limited to colored people the real and personal estate of any public library and that of any other literary association used by or connected with such library all books and philosophical apparatus and all paintings and statutory of any company or association kept in a public hall and not held as merchandise or for purposes of sale or gain provided the property so exempted be not used for purposes of private or corporate profit or income The General Assembly shall further have power to exempt from taxation farm pro ucts including baled cotton grown in this State and remaining in
225
the hands of the producers but not longer than foi the year next after their production
Par IIA Any peison natural or artificial a resident of this State who may after January 1st 1924 build equip establish or enlarge a plant for the manufacture or processing of cotton wool linen silk rubber clay wood metallic or nonmetallic mineral or combination of same creamery or cheese plant or for the production or development of electricity may as to such building enlargement or equipment be exempt from all county incorporated town or city ad valorem taxes for a period of time not exceeding five 5 years from the date of the beginning of the building enlargement or equipment of such plants The legislature is herewith empowered to make provisions for the operation of this paragraph by appropriate legislation provided such exemptions shall be approved by a majority of the electors voting in such county incorporated town or city proposing said exemption
Par III No polltax shall be levied except for educational purposes and such tax shall not exceed one dollar annually upon each poll
Par IV All laws exempting property from taxation other than the property herein enumerated shall be void
Par V The power to tax corporations and corporate property shall not be surrendered or suspended by any contract or grant to which the State shall be a party
Par VI All persons or classes of persons who were by laws of force January 1st 1911 required to make returns for taxation to the Comptrollergeneral and all who may hereafter be so required shall on or before the first day of March of each year make such returns as of date of January 1st of that year and shall pay the taxes arising on such returns in favor of the State on or before the first of September of the same year anything heretofore contained in the Constitution or laws of Georgia to the contrary notwithstanding The laws of force on said date governing such returns and payments and the collection and enforcement thereof shall remain of force as applicable to the returns and payments herein required until the same shall be changed by law The General Assembly shall have power to make or alter all laws that may be necessary or proper for enforcing the provisions of this paragraph
Section III
Paragraph I No debt shall be contracted by or on behalf of the State except to supply such temporary deficit as may exist in the treasury in any year from necessary delay in collecting the taxes of that year to repel invasion suppress insurrection and defend the State in time of war or to pay the existing public debt but the debt created to supply deficiencies in revenue shall not exceed in the aggregate five hundred thousand dollars and any loan made for this purpose shall be repaid out of the taxes levied
226
for the year in which the loan was made However said debt may be increased in the sum of 3500000 for the payment of the publicschool teachers of the State only The principal amount borrowed for payment of teachers to be repaid each year out of the common school appropriation and the interest paid thereon to be paid each year out of the general funds of the State
Section IV
Paragraph I All laws authorizing the borrowing of money by or on behalf of the State shall specify the purpose for which the money is to be used and the money so obtained shall be used for the purpose specified and for no other
Section V
Paragraph I The credit of the State shall not be pledged or loaned to any individual company corporation or association and the State shall not become a joint owner or stockholder in any company association or corporation
Section VI
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall not authorize any county municipal corporation or political division of this State to become a stockholder in any company corporation or association or to appropriate money for or to loan its credit to any corporation company association institution or individual except for purely charitable purposes This restriction shall not operate to prevent the support of schools by municipal corporations within their respective limits Provided that if any municipal corporation shall offer to the State any property for locating or building a capitol and the State accepts such offer the corporation may comply with such offer
Par II The General Assembly shall not have power to delegate to any county the right to levy a tax for any purpose except for educational purposes to build and repair the public buildings and bridges to maintain and support prisoners to pay jurors and coroners and for litigation quarantine roads and expenses of courts to support paupers and pay debts heretofore existing to pay the county police and to provide for necessary sanitation and for the collection and preservation of records of birth death disease and health
Furthermore in any county in this State which has wholly or partly within its boundaries a city of not less than 200000 population the county authorities thereof are hereby authorized to levy a tax not exceeding one mill for educational purposes on all the taxable property throughout the entire county including temtory embraced in independent school systems
227
the same to be appropriated to the use of the county hoard of education and to educational work directed by them
Section VII
Paragraph I The debt hereafter incurred by any county municipal corporation or political division of this State except as in this Constitution provided for shall not exceed seven per centum of the assessed value of all the taxable property therein and no such county municipality or division shall incur any new debt except for temporary loan or loans to supply casual deficiencies of revenue not to exceed onefifth of one per centum of the annual value of taxable property therein without the assent of twothirds of the qualified voters thereof at an election for that purpose to be held as may be prescribed by law but any city the debt of which does not exceed seven per centum of the assessed value of the taxable property at the time of the adoption of this Constitution may be authorized by law to increase at any time the amount of said debt three per centum upon such assessed valuation except that the City of Augusta from time to time as necessary for the purpose of protection against flood may incur a bonded indebtedness upon its powerproducing canal and municipal waterworks in addition to the debts hereinbefore in this paragraph allowed to be incurred to an amount ip the aggregate not exceeding fifty per centum of the combined value of such properties to be fixed as may be prescribed by law but said valuation not to exceed a figure five per cent on which shall represent the net revenue per annum produced by the two such properties together at the time of said valuation and such indebtedness not to be incurred except with the assent of twothirds of the qualified voters of said city at an election or elections for that purpose to be held as may be now or may hereafter be prescribed by law for the incurring of new debts be the said City Council of Augusta except that the City of West Point from time to time as may be necessary for the purpose of protection against floods may incur a bonded indebtedness in addition to arirl separate from the amount of debt as hereinbefore in this paragraph allowed to be incurred to an amount in the aggregate not exceeding the sum of seven hundred and fifty thousand dollars and such indebtedness not to be incurred except with the assent of twothirds of the qualified voters of such city at an election or elections to be held as may now or hereafter be prescribed by law for the incurring of new debts by said City of West Point Except that the City of LaGrange from time to time a necessary for the purpose of repairing purchasing or constructing waterworks system including all necessary pipeline pumpingstations reservoirs or anything else that may be necessary for the building or constructing or operating a waterworks system for the City of LaGrange may incur a bonded indebtedness in and in addition to and separate from the amount of debts hereinbefore in this paragraph allowed to be incurred to an amount in the aggregate not exceeding the sum of five hundred
228
thousand 500000 dollars and such indebtedness not to be incurred except with the assent of twothirds of the qualified voters of such city at an election or elections to be held as may now or may hereafter be prescribed by law for the incurring of new debts by said City of LaGrange
Provided any municipality having a population of 150000 or more can issue and sell street improvement bonds without the said assent of twothirds of the qualified voters at an election called thereon but upon a twothirds vote of the members of its governing body with these limitations First the term of such bonds shall in no case exceed ten years Second the amount of each issue shall be limited to the amount assessed by such municipality upon each improvement Third these bonds shall be issued only for the grading and paving or repaving of streets or portions of streets Fourth the interest thereon shall not exceed six per centum per annum Fifth these bonds can be issued without regard to the amount of other outstanding debts or bonds of said municipality Sixth these bonds not to be issued except in case sUch pavement or repavement has been petitioned for in writing by the owners of more than fifty per cent of the property abutting on the street or portion of street paved or repaved
And except that the Mayor and Aldermen of the City of Savannah for the purpose of acquiring andor improving a site or sites on Savannah River in Chatham County for publiclyowned operated and managed terminals of the port of Savannah and is hereby authorized to create construct and operate new terminals storage handling and terminal transportation facilities at the port of Savannah and to that end shall have the right to condemn in accordance with the law or otherwise acquire any property necessary for said purposes and may incur a bonded indebtedness in addition to the debt hereinbefore in this paragraph allowed to be incurred to pay for same by issuing mortgage or mortgages andor bond or bonds against the real estate and improvements thereon and against such facilities such mortgage or mortgages andor bonds and all interest thereon are to be paid out of the net receipts of said terminal storage handling and transportation facilities after the payment of maintenance and operating expenses The authority granted hereby shall be a continuing authority and the first creation or establishment of terminal storage handing and transportation facilities shall not exhaust the power of said Mayor and Aldermen of the City of Savannah Bonds issued under this authorization shall be paid by preference out of the net receipts of the terminal storage handling or transportation facilities acquired andor created therewith after the payment of maintenance and operating expenses and so far as such net receipts may be insufficient then out of the entire receipts and revenues of the said municipallyowned operated and administered port of Savannah after the payment of maintenance and operating expenses and prior bonded obligationsProvided that each issue of bonds under said authority shall be subordinate to previous issues thereunder The Mayor and Aldermen of the City of Savannah shall have power to
229
regulate the commerce and traffic of the harbor of Savannah in suc h manner as may in its judgment be best for its maintenance and development And the foregoing amendments to the Constitution shall be selfexecuting and operative and the Mayor and Aldermen of the City of Savannah may by ordinance or otherwise carry the same into effect The General Assembly may confer further and additional authority upon the Mayor and Aldermen of the City of Savannah touching the disposition and control of said terminals and harbors not inconsistent herewith
And except that the City of Brunswick in addition to the indebtedness which it may incur under the preceding provisions of this paragraph is hereby authorized to incur from time to time an indebtedness up to but not exceeding seven percentum of the assessed value of all taxable property therein making a maximum indebtedness which said city may incur of fourteen percentum of such assessed values when authorized by the assent of twothirds of the qualified voters of such city as above provided for obtaining such authority provided that such additional indebtedness can only be used for acquiring constructing improving and operating municipal port terminal facilities in said city including lands waterways wharves warehouses water crafts used in connection therewith and all other proper equipment and appurtenances but not limited by the foregoing the generality of the words municipal port terminal facilities The General Assembly may at any time authorize said city to donate any port terminal facilities owned by it to the State of Georgia with or without conditions
And except that the County of Crisp may incur a bonded indebtedness in addition to debts hereinbefore in this paragraph allowed to be incurred to the amount in the aggregate not to exceed the sum of one million two hundred and fifty thousand dollars and at a rate of interest not to exceed five per centum per annum which said bonds shall run for a period or periods of time not to exceed thirty years and may be issued from time to time and in such denomination as may be determined by the county authorities of said county to be signed by the Chairman and the Clerk of the Board of Commissioners of Roads and Revenues of said county and shall be known and designated as HydroElectric Power Bonds and which said bonds shall be sold and the proceeds thereof used and handled by the Power Commission hereinafter provided for The proceeds of all bonds issued and sold under this authority shall be used for the purpose of acquiring water power sites and locations on the Flint River within and or without Crisp County including the necessary overflow lands and for the purpose of acquiring rightsofway for pcwei transmission lines and for the purpose of improving building constructing equipping maintaining leasing or operating the necessary power dams ponds plants machinery transmission lines and distribution stations including all necessary machinery and apparatus for the manufacture generation transmission sale and distribution of water power and electric current The right of
230
eminent domain is conferred upon said County of Crisp for the purpose of acquiring such sites locations overflow lands and rightsofway necessary for the proper exercise of the rights conferred by this amendment Said County of Crisp is fully authorized hereby to engage in the manufacture generation and sale of water power and electric current for purposes of promoting the agricultural industrial and civic interests of said County and for any and all other purposes and to make all necessary contracts relating to the sale and disposition thereof including the right to fix the rate or rates to be charged for all water power and electric current used for lighting heating power and other purposes in said county The bonds issued pursuant to this authority shall be a first lien upon all properties acquired and all improvements made and all plants and lines and stations constructed and machinery and apparatus purchased with proceeds thereof and in the event of the sale of all or any portion of said properties the proceeds thereof shall be used for the purpose of payment of said bonded indebtedness The bonds issued pursuant to this authority and the interest thereon shall be paid by preference out of the net receipts of the water power and electric current used sold or disposed of manufactured and generated under this authority after the payment of maintenance and operating expenses and the Power Commission hereinafter provided for shall provide a sinking fund for the retirement of the principal of said bonds out of said net receipts whenever the amount of said net receipts becomes sufficient therefor after payment of the interest on said bonds and any excess of said net receipts after providing for interest and sinking fund charges may be used for the purpose of additions enlargements and betterments or for the purpose of acquiring constructing and equipping other water power sites and locations and plants or be paid into the county depository for general county purposes All bonds issued pursuant to this amendment shall be and are declared to be nontaxable for any and all purposes Any dam constructed pursuant to the authority hereof shall be equipped with passageways for the passage of fish over the same Said passageways to be approved by the Department of Game and Fish
Provided however that any dam built pursuant to the authority aforesaid shall be located on the Flint River between Drayton Bridge on the north and the confluence of Chokee Creek with said river on the south Provided further that in event of sale by Crisp County or any of its assigns or successors of all or any part of the properties acquired built or improved pursuant to the foregoing authority to any person or corporation controlled by private capital such property so sold shall become subject to taxation under existing laws Said County of Crisp is authorized and empowered to issue bonds pursuant to this amendment in the event this amendment be ratified and becomes a part of the Constitution and in the event a majority of the electors of Crisp County voting at the election at which this amendment is submitted for ratification or at any subsequent special bond election called for that purpose in which
231
special election the ballot of those voting in favor of bonds shall bear the words For HydroElectric Power Bonds and the ballot of those voting against bonds shall bear the words Against HydroElectric Power
Bonds vote in favorthereof The ordinary of said county is directed to consolidate the vote and to declare the result of all elections therefor and if the result of any such election is favorable to the issuance of such bonds the same shall be validated in the manner now provided by law The sale of the bonds provided for above and all the rights powers and duties incident to the use investment and expenditure of the proceeds thereof including the sites locations and rightsofway and the building constructing equipping operating maintaining and managing of the sites locations rightsofway plants lines stations dams and ponds and all properties of all and every kind acquired built and constructed pursuant to the foregoing authority shall be and is hereby vested in a Power Commission of seven to consist of the members of the Board of Commissioners of Roads and Revenues of said county as constituted from time to time and four other citizens of Crisp County who shall be elected by the Grand Jury of said county two of those first elected to be for a term of one year and the other two for a term of two years and the terms of all commissioners so elected thereafter shall be for a period of two years and the Grand Jury of said county shall fix the compensation of all Power Commissioners to be paid out of the proceeds from the operations of said power plant or out of the general fund of said county and said commission is authorized and empowered to employ such agents servants and employees and to make and enter into such contracts as are reasonable and proper in the exercise of the duties and powers herein conferred upon said commission The taxing authorities of said County of Crisp are hereby empowered and it shall be their duty to provide by taxation for the payment of the principal and interest of any bonds issued hereunder in the event the net profits derived from the use sale and disposition of water power and electric current hereunder shall prove insufficient therefor The General Assembly may confer further and additional authority upon the County of Crisp touching the construction maintenance control and disposition of the HydroElectric power plant and properties herein provided for not inconsistent herewith
Provided the County of Chatham in this State can issue and sell from time to time bonds for the preparation for the paving and for the paving of Victory Drive the Road to Tybee a public road of said county from the end of the present asphalt paving thereon at Thunderbolt or Warsaw to the beginning of the present asphalt paving at Tybee with concrete andor asphalt andor other suitable material without the said assent of twothirds of the qualified voters at an election called therefor but upon a threefifths vote of the Commissioners of Chatham County and Exofficio Judges with these limitations First the bonds shall be serial bonds to be retired annually within a term of not to exceed ten years bearing a rate of interest of not to exceed five per cent per annum
232
but otherwise in form fixed by said Commissioners second the amount of such issue shall not exceed the contract price bid for such preparation for andor paving by the lowest responsible bidder upon competitive proposals after previous advertisement once a week for four weeks inviting such proposals provided nevertheless said Commissioner may use convict labor to prepare andor pave said road in whole or in part together with or part from any contract therefor third the principal and interest of said bonds shall be first paid by reasonable tolls which are hereby authorized to be imposed and collected by said Commissioners for the use of said road and its bridges and only the deficiency if any of such tolls to meet such payments and the cost of maintaining said road and its bridges shall be paid out of other funds of said County during the term of said bonds fourth such indebtedness when incurred shall not be considered in deter mining the power of said County to incur other bonded indebtedness
And except that the County of Lowndes or the City of Valdosta or both may incur a bonded indebtedness in addition to the debts hereinbefore in this paragraph allowed to be incurred in an amount in the aggregate not exceeding one million 100000000 for the purpose of aiding in establishing maintaining or endowing an educational institution of college rank located or to be located within said county whether same be owned or controlled by the State or County or City or not owned or controlled by the State or County or City and as a memorial to Woodrow Wilson provided said educational institution be nonsectarian and nbndenominational and provided that such indebtedness shall not be incurred except with the assent of a majority of the qualified voters of said county or city as the case may be and the assent of twothirds 23 of the qualified voters of said county or of said city as the same may be actually voting at an election or elections for the purpose to be held as may now or may hereafter be prescribed by law for the purpose of incurring new debts by any county or municipality within this State In the event this amendment be ratified and becomes a part of the Constitution and in the event the bonds provided for are authorized validated and sold as provided by law by said County of Lowndes or the City of Valdosta or both the County Commissioners of Roads and Revenues of said County or the Mayor and Council of said City of Valdosta as the case may be may pay over the proceeds of the sale of said bonds to the Board of Trustees of such educational institution
Except that the County of McIntosh may incur a bonded indebtedness in addition to the debts hereinbefore in this paragraph allowed to be incurred in an amount in the aggregate not to exceed fourteen 14 per centum of the taxable value of said county as shown by the taxdigest for educational purposes and also for the purpose of paying off any indebtedness that now exist or may hereafter exist against the Board of Education of McIntosh County provided that such bonded indebtedness shall not be incurred except with the assent of a majority of the qualified voters of
233
said county and the assent of twothirds of the qualified voters of said county actually voting at an election or elections for that purpose to be held as may now or may hereafter be prescribed by law for the purpose of incurring new debts by any county or municipality within this StateIn the event this amendment is ratified and becomes a part of the Constitution and in the event the bonds provided for are authorized validated and sold as provided by law by the said County of McIntosh the County Commissioners of McIntosh County shall pay over the proceeds of the sale of said bonds to the Board of Education of McIntosh County for the purpose herein named
Provided that the City of Columbus may issue and sell Streetimprovement bonds without the said assent of twothirds of the qualified voters at an election called thereon but upon a majority vote of the members of its governing body with these limitations First the terms of such bonds shall in no case exceed ten years Second the amount of each issue shall be limited to the amount assessed by such municipality upon each improvement Third these bonds shall be issued only for the grading including curbs and gutters or paving or repaving of streets or portions of streets or sidewalks Fourth the interest thereon shall not exceed six per centum per annum Fifth these bonds may be issued without regard to the amount of other outstanding debts or bonds of such municipality Sixth these bonds not to be issued except in case such grading including curbs and gutters pavement or repavement has been petitioned for in writing by the owners of more than fifty per cent of the property abjitting on the street or portion of street to be paved or repaved
And except that Fulton County andor Chatham County andor Richmond County may in addition to the debts hereinbefore allowed make temporary loans between March 1st and December 1st in each year to be paid out of the taxes received by the county in that year said loans to be evidenced by promissory notes signed by the chairman and clerk of the board having charge of the levying of taxes in said county and previously authorized by resolution by a majority vote at a regular monthly meeting of such board entered on the minutes The aggregate amount of said loans outstanding at any one time shall not exceed fifty per cent of the total gross income of the county from taxes and other sources in the preceding year and no new loans shall be made in one year until all loans made in the previous year have been paid in full
And except that the County of Ware may be authorized to increase its bonded indebtedness in the sum of two hundred and fifty thousand dollars in addition to the debts hereinbefore in this paragraph allowed to be incurred and at a rate of interest not to exceed five per centum per annum which said bonds shall run for a period or periods of time not to exceed thirty years and may be issued from time to time and in such denominations as may be determined by the county authorities of said county to be signed by the commissioner of roads and revenues of said
234
county and the clerk of said commissioner and shall be known and designated as Hospital Construction and Equipment bonds and which said bonds shall be sold and the proceeds thereof used and handled by the commissioner aforesaid acting with the clerk and ordinary or by a committee or commission selected appointed and qualified in such way or method as such county authority may designate The proceeds of all bonds issued and sold under this authority shall be used for the purpose qUins a hospitalsite in the City of Waycross or outside of Waycross in Ware County and building constructing and equipping thereon a hospital where medical and surgical treatment and care may be provided those m need of such The power conferred by this amendment shall be exercised under such rules and regulations respecting the acquiring of a site the building and equipping of said hospital as well as the operation oi the same providing for payment for such medical and surgical treatment and care in such hospital excepting only charity cases as the county authorities acting alone or in conjunction with the Waycross medical society may deem meet and proper
Except that the County of Stephens for the purpose of owning erecting equipping and operating a hospital for medical and surgical treatment may incur a bonded indebtedness of sixty thousand 6000000 dollars in addition to and separate from the amount of debt hereinbefore in this paragraph allowed to be incurred and may levy taxes to retire the principal and interest of said bonds said bonds to be issued under the general law providing for county bond issues
eXCept Washington County may in addition to the debts hereinbefore allowed make temporary loans between March 1st and December 1st in each year to be paid out of taxes received by the county in that year said loans to be evidenced by promissory notes signed by the chairman and clerk of the boad having charge of the levying of taxes in said county and previously authorized by resolution by a majority vote at a regular monthly meeting of such board entered on the minutes the aggregate amount of said loans outstanding at any one time not exceed thirty per cent of the total gross income of the county from taxes and other sources in the preceding year and no new loans shall be made in one year until all loans made in the previous year have been paid in full
Except that the City of Elberton Georgia from time to time may increase its bonded indebtedness in addition to and separate from the amount of debt heretofore allowed under said paragraph for the purpose ot condemning puchasing repairing building and maintaining an electric system within or without the City of Elberton Georgia including dams reservoirs electric lines poles steam plants or anything else that may be necessary for an electric system may incur a bonded debt in addition to and separate from the amount of debts hereinbefore in this paragraph allowed to be incurred to an amount in the aggregrate not to exceed the sum oi two hundred thousand 20000000 dollars and such indebtedness not to be incurred except with the assent of twothirds of the qualified
235
voters of said city at an election or lections to be held as may now or may hereafter be prescribed by law for the incurring of new debts by said City of Elberton Georgia
Except that the City of Cornelia from time to time as necessary for the purpose of repairing purchasing or constructing a waterworks system for the City of Cornelia may incur a bonded indebtedness in addition to and separate from the amount of debts hereinbefore in this paragraph allowed to be incurred to an amount in the aggregate not exceeding the sum of two hundred and fifty thousand dollars 25000000 and such indebtedness not to be incurred except with the assent of twothirds of the qualified voters of said city at an election or elections to be held as may now or may hereafter be prescribed by law for the incurring of new debts by said City of Cornelia The city authorities of the City of Cornelia shall set aside and designate each year all of the net revenue derived from the operation of its waterworks system when constructed under the provisions of this Act for the purpose of paying the interest and retiring its bonded indebtedness incurred under this Act
And except that the City of Lakeland in Lanier County Georgia from time to time as necessary for the purpose of acquiring holding enjoying receiving possessing retaining managing maintaining operating improving extending equipping and otherwise handling and negotiating the Lakeland Railway and any extension or branch thereof together with any other transportation property and all rollingstock and terminal facilities connected therewith either within or without the City of Lakeland either within or without the County of Lanier including all property and improvements of whatsoever nature both real and personal or anything else that may be necessary for the maintaining building constructing and operating transportation lines and facilities of any kind and character whether rail bus or otherwise may incur an indebtedness either in the form of bonds debentures notes or other evidence of indebtedness in addition to and separate from the amount of debts hereinbefore in this paragraph allowed to be incurred to an amount the aggregate of which shall be determined by the Mayor and Council of the City of Lakeland such indebtedness not to be incurred except with the assent of a twothirds majority of the Mayor and Council of said City of Lakeland Said City of Lakeland by and through its Mayor and Council shall have authority to issue said bonds debentures notes or other evidences of indebtedness as it may see proper either limiting the security therefor to the railroad or transportation property or any parts thereof orand providing that the security therefor shall be the entire assets of said city or any part thereof Said City of Lakeland is authorized by its Mayor and Council to levy such tax a it may see proper for the purpose of retiring the indebtedness and carrying out the purposes provided for by this amendment Said City of Lakeland shall have the authority to prescribe such rules and regulations as it may see proper for the operation of said Lakeland Railway and any other transportation property and to enact such ordinances rules and regulations
236
as it may see proper for the protection of said railway andor other transportation property or any extension or branches thereof from paralleling or other competition either within or without the limits of said City of Lakeland or and of the County of Lanier for the purpose of protection and for preserving said railroad andor other transportation properties against loss depreciation deterioration or other handicap Said City of Lakeland shall have authority to sell lease hypothecate consolidate and otherwise handle said Lakeland Railway andor any other transportation property owned by said city or any part thereof and to execute such contracts deeds leases or other instruments of writings necessary or desirable for carrying out any of the authorities and rights delegated by this amendment Said City of Lakeland is specifically authorized to create such railroad commission or committee as it may see proper through its Mayor and Council for the operating and otherwise handling of said Lakeland Railway andor other transportation property owned by said city and to prescribe such rules and regulations by ordinance or otherwise and prescribe such qualifications as it may see proper with reference thereto Said City of Lakeland is authorized to comply with such rules and regulations as it may see proper andexecute such forms and other instruments as it may become necessary as will enable it to cooperate with the Georgia Public Service Commission or any other department of the State or National Government which it may determine desirable to cooperate with in carrying out the provisions of this amendment
Par I D The Coastal Highway District is hereby created as a political subdivision body politic and corporate of this State for the purpose of aiding in the construction and completion of the Public Highway known as the Dixie and South Atlantic Coastal Highway extending from the Savannah river to the Florida line with the right to sue and be sued to have a seal make contracts and to do all things necessary or proper to carry out the purpose of this Amendment The said district shall be composed of the territory of the Counties of Chatham Bryan Liberty McIntosh Glynn and Camden Counties The said Coastal Highway District shall have authority to issue bonds not exceeding 90000000 for the purposes aforesaid the bonded indebtedness of said district shall be incurred and the expenditures of funds derived therefrom as well as all other matters and transactions necessary to carry out the purposes of the Constitutional amendment shall be managed controlled and directed by ten commissioners to be selected four from Chatham two from Glynn and one each from Bryan Liberty McIntosh and Camden Counties The said commissioners shall be selected and vacancies filled by the officers in charge of levying taxes in said counties respectively and shall hold office for a period of five years and until their successors are selected and qualified The bonds when issued shall be signed and sealed by said commissioners and shall be a lien upon the entire property of all of the counties composing said district and a first lien to the extent of the annual retirements and interest payments thereon upon any sums payable annually hereafter by
237
the State of Georgia to the said counties respectively from amounts collected from gasoline and oil taxes until all bonds of said district are retired At or before the issuance of said bonds the commissioners of said district shall assess the counties composing said district an amount sufficient to pay and retire the bonds as they come due and pay the interest on the same The bonds principal and interest shall be retired within 30 years from the date of issuance The assessment against each county shall be in proportion to the taxable value of the real and personal property including public utilities returned for taxation as finally adopted by the ComptrollerGeneral and the proper authorities of each county shall at or before the issuance of said bonds provide for the levying assessment and collection annually of a sum sufficient in amount to pay the principal and interest of such countys part of said indebtedness as the same becomes due and the complete retirement of the indebtedness within thirty years from the date of incurring said indebtedness Any excess of such taxes collected by any county over and above the amount necessary to that countys liability for that year after first using the amounts derived from gasoline and oil taxes as hereinbefore provided shall be retained and the tax levied for the succeeding year shall be that much less The bonded indebtedness here provided for shall be incurred only after it has been submitted to the qualified voters of said district at an election to be called by the said District Commissioners and held in the same manner as elections for the incurring of a bonded indebtedness by counties municipalities and divisions In determining the result of the election the vote of the entire district shall be consolidated and counted as a unit each county shall pay the expenses of the election in that county The vote shall be consolidated and the result of the election declared by the District Commissioners herein provided for The Superior Court of any county in said district shall have jurisdiction to validate the said bonds in conformity with the law providing for the valuation of county municipality and division bonds and the certification by the clerk of the Superior Court taking jurisdiction of such validation alone shall be sufficient certification The proceedings for the validation may beinstituted by the Solicitor General of any Judicial Circuit within which any of said counties lie but the proceedings shall be served upon the authorities managing the fiscal affairs of each of said counties and they shall make answer thereto Such indebtedness when incurred shall not be considered in determining the power of any of the counties composing said district or any other county or municipal corporation or political subdivision of said State to incur any other bonded indebtedness
Par II Any county municipal corporation or political division of this State which shall incur any bonded indebtedness under the provisions of this Constitution shall at or before the time of so doing provide for the assessment and collection of an annual tax sufficient in amount to pay the principal and interest of said debt within thirty years from the date of the incurring of said indebtedness
238
Section VIII
Paragraph I The State shall not assume the debt nor any part thereof of any county municipal corporation or political division of the State unless such debt shall be contracted to enable the State to repel invasion suppress insurrection or defend itself in time of war
Section IX
Paragraph I The receiving directly or indirectly by any officer of the State or county or member or officer of the General Assembly of any interest profits or perquisites arising from the use or loan of public funds in his hands or monies to be raised through his agency for State or county purposes shall be deemed a felony and punishable as may be prescribed by law a part of which punishment shall be a disqualification from holding office
Section X
Paragraph I Municipal corporations shall not incur any debt until provision therefor shall have been made by the municipal government
Reserving to the municipal corporations the benefit of all provisions of the Constitution of force in this State the General Assembly is hereby empowered to authorize any municipal corporation within this State having a population of one hundred and fifty thousand or more according to the census of the United States government taken next preceding the approval of any act passed in pursuance hereof to incur a bonded debt or debts for the public purposes of such municipality the said debt or debts to be incurred for such sums and to be secured after such manner and to be paid principal and interest at such times and such places and by such means and upon such terms as the General Assembly may prescribe
Providing however that no act conferring the powers aforesaid or any of them shall become operative until the same shall have been affirmed at a general election held for the election of mayor and general council in such municipality by twothirds of the qualified voters thereof who may vote L said election Such twothirds to constitute at least a majority of the qualified voters of said municipality
Section XI
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall have no authority to appropriate money directly or indrectly to pay the whole or any part of the principal or interest of the bonds or other obligations which have been pronounced illegal null and void by the General Assembly and the constitutional amendments ratified by a vote of the people on the first day of May 1877 nor shall the General Assembly have authority to pay any of the obligations created by the State under laws passed during the late war between the States nor any of the bonds notes or obligations made and entered into during the existence of said war the time for the payment of which was fixed after the ratification of a treaty of peace between the
239
United States and the Confederate States nor shall the General Assembly pass any law or the Governor or other State official enter into any contract or agreement whereby the State shall be made a party to any suit in any court of this State or of the United States instituted to test the validity of any such bonds or obligations
Section XII
Paragraph I The bonded debt of the State shall never be increased except to repel invasion suppress insurrection or defend the State in time of war
Section XIII
Paragraph I The proceeds of the sale of the Western and Atlantic Macon and Brunswick or other railroads held by the State and any other property owned by the State whenever the General Assembly may authorize the sale of the whole or any part thereof shall be applied to the payment of the bonded debt of the State and shall not be used for any other purpose whatever so long as the State has any existing bonded debt Provided that the proceeds of the sale of the Western and Atlantic Railroad shall be applied to the payment of the bonds for which said railroad has been mortgaged in preference to all other bonds
Section XIV
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall raise by taxation each year in addition to the sum required to pay the public expenses and interest on the public debt the sum of one hundred thousand dollars which shall be held as a sinking fund to pay off and retire the bonds of the State which have not yet matured and shall be applied to no other purpose whatever If the bonds cannot at any time be purchased at or below par then the sinking fund herein provided for may be loaned by the Governor and treasurer of the State Provided the security which shall be demanded for said loan shall consist only of the valid bonds of the State but this section shall not take effect until the eight per cent currency bonds issued under the Act of February the 19th 1873 shall have been paid
Section XV
Paragraph I The comptrollergeneral and treasurer shall each make to the Governor a quarterly report of the financial condition of the State which report shall include a statement of the assets liabilities and income of the State and expenditures therefor for the three months preceding and it shall b the duty of the Governor to carefully examine the same by himself or through competent persons connected with his department
240
and cause an abstract thereof to be published for the information of the people which abstract shall be indorsed by him as having been examined
Section XVI
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall not by vote resolution or order grant any donation or gratuity infavor of any person corporation or association
Par II The General Assembly shall not grant or authorize extra compensation to any public officer agent or contractor after the service has been rendered or the contract entered into
Section XVII
i Paragraph I The office of the State printer shall cease with the expiration of the term of the present incumbent and the General Assembly Si PfJlde hy law for letting the public printing to the lowest responsible bidder or bidders who shall give adequate and satisfactory security tor the faithful performance thereof No member of the General Assembly or other public officer shall be interested either directly or indirectly in any such contract
ARTICLE VIII
Education
Section I
Paragraph I There shall be a thorough system of common schools tor the education of the children as nearly uniform as practicable the expense of which shall be provided for by taxation or otherwise The schools shall be free to all children of the State but separate schools shall be provided for the white and colored races
Section II
Paragraph I There shall be a State school commissioner elected by the people at the same time and manner as the Governor and Statehouse officers are elected whose term of office shall be two years and until his successor is elected and qualified His office shall be at the seat of government and he shall be paid a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum The General Assembly may substitute for the State school commissioner such officer or officers as may be deemed necessary to perlect the system of public education
Section III
Paragraph I The poll tax any educational fund now belonging to the State except the endowment of and debt due to the University of
241
Georgia a special tax on shows and exhibitions and on the sale of spirituous and malt liquors which the General Assembly is hereby authorized to assess and the proceeds of any commutation tax for military service and all taxes that may be assessed on such domestic animals as from their nature and habits are destructive to other property are hereby set apart and devoted for the support of common schools
Section IV
Paragraph I Authority is granted to counties and to municipal corporations upon the recommendation of the corporate authority to establish and maintain public schools in their respective limits by local taxation The proper county authorities whose duty it is to levy taxes for county purposes in this State shall on the recommendation of the board of education assess and collect taxes for the support of the public schools under its control not less than one nor more than five mills on the dollar of all taxable property of the county outside of independent local systems which shall be distributed equitably according to the school population tax values the number of teachers and their grade of license among the public schools therein An additional levy to that already allowed not to exceed five mills shall be permissible in independent local systems municipalities or school districts on a twothirds vote of those voting No additional election shall be required to maintain any local school tax now in existence in districts counties or municipalities provided this shall not apply to countiefe having a local school system of taxation adopted prior to the Constitution of 1877
Pierce County Georgia shall be authorized to levy a tax for high school purposes of not to exceed twenty cents on the one hundred dollars of all taxable property in said county in addition to all other taxes which it is fiow authorized by law to levy upon approval of a majority of the qualified voters of said county voting at an election held for the purpose of passing upon such a tax If and when this amendment shall be ratified it shall be the duty of the Commissioner of Roads and Revenues of Pierce County to call a special election to pass upon said tax which election shall be held in the same manner as other elections held in said county Notice of said election shall be published by said commissioner in the newspaper in which sheriffs advertisements in said county are published once a week for four consecutive weeks before said election is held The rate of taxation to be levied for high school purposes shall be that recommended by the Board of Education of Pierce County but not to exceed the limit herein specified The returns of said election shall be made to the Ordinary of said county and the result declared by him If the first election held should be adverse to such a tax it shall be the duty of the Commissioner of Roads and Revenues of said county to again submit to the voters of Pierce County the question of whether such tax shall be levied when he is requested so to do by the Board of Education of Pierce County provided elections shall not be held for this purpose within less than six months of each other When
242
a tax for high school purposes is approved by the voters of Pierce County it shall be the duty of the Commissioner of Roads and Revenues to include in his next regular annual levy of taxes such tax for high school purposes as may be approved by the voters of said county and annually thereafter when the regular county levy is made All monies arising from said tax shall be turned over to the Board of Education of Pierce County Georgia for expenditures for high school purposes only and said board shall have the right to make such arrangements with the Blackshear High School and other high schools in the county for high school work as it may deem advisable
Section V
Paragraph I Existing local school systems shall not be affected by this Constitution Nothing contained in first section of this article shall be construed to deprive schools in this State not common schools from participation in the educational fund of the State as to all pupils therein taught in the eleinentary branches of an English education
Section VI
Paragraph I The trustees of the University of Georgia may accept bequests donations and grants of land or other property for the use of said University In addition to the payment of the annual interest on the debt due by the State to the University the General Assembly shall from time to time make such appropriations to the University and high schools as the condition of the treasury authorize
ARTICLE IX
Homestead and Exemption
Section I
Paragraph I There shall be exempt from levy and sale by virtue of any process whatever under the laws of this State except as hereinafter excepted of the property of every head of a family or guardian or trustee of a family of minor children or every aged or infirm person or person having the care and support of dependent females of any age who is not the head of a family realty or personalty or both to the value in the aggregate of sixteen hundred dollars
Section II
Paragraph I No court or ministerial officer in this State shall ever have jurisdiction or authority to enforce any judgment execution or decree against the property set apart for such purpose including such improvements as may be made thereon from time to time except for taxes for the purchasemoney of the same for labor done thereon for material furnished therefor or for the removal of incumbrances thereon
243
Section III
Paragraph I The debtor shall have power to waive or renounce in writing his right to the benefit of the exemption provided for in this Article except as to wearing apparel and not exceeding three hundred dollars worth of household and kitchen furniture and provisions to be selected by himself and his wife if any and he shall not after it is set apart alienate or encumber the property so exempted but it may be sold by the debtor and his wife if any jointly with the sanction of the judge of the superior court of the county where the debtor resides or the land is situated the proceeds to be reinvested upon the same uses
Section IV
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall provide by law as early as practicable for the setting apart and valuation of said property But nothing in this Article shall be construed to affect or repeal the existing laws for exemption of property from sale contained in the present Code of this State in paragraphs 2040 to 2049 inclusive and the Acts amendatory thereto It may be optional with the applicant to take either but not both of such exemptions
Section V
Paragraph I The debtor shall have authority to waive or renounce in writing his right to the benefit of the exemption provided for in section four except as it is excepted in section three of this article
Section VI
Paragraph I The applicant shall at any time have the right to supplement his exemption by adding to an amount already set apart which is less than the whole amount of exemption herein allowed a sufficiency to make his exemption equal to the whole amount
Section VII
Paragraph I Homestead and exemptions of personal property which have been heretofore set apart by virtue of the provisions of the existing Constitution of this State and in accordance with the laws for the enforcement thereof or which may be hereafter so set apart at any time shall be and remain valid as against all debts and liabilities existing at the time of the adoption of this Constitution to the same extent that they would have been had said existing Constitution not been revised
Section VIII
Paragraph I Rights which have become vested under previously existing laws shall not be affected by anything herein contained In all cases in which homesteads have been set apart under the Constitution
244
of 1868 and the laws made in pursuance thereof and a bona fide sale of such property has been subsequently made and the full purchaseprice thereof has been paid all right of exemption in such property by reason of its having been so set apart shall cease in so far as it affects the right of the purchaser In all such cases where a part only of the purchaseprice has been paid such transactions shall be governed by the laws now of force in this State in so far as they affect the rights of the purchaser as though said property had not been set apart
Section IX
Paragraph I Parties who have taken a homestead of realty under the Constitution of eighteen hundred and sixtyeight shall have the right to sell said homestead and reinvest the same by order of the judge of the superior courts of this State
ARTICLE X
Militia Section I
Paragraph I A well regulated militia being essential to the peace and security of the State the General Assembly shall have authority to provide by law how the militia of this State shall be organized officered trained armed and equipped and of whom it shall consist
Par II The General Assembly shall have power to authorize the formation of volunteer companies and to provide for their organization into battalions regiments brigades divisions and corps with such restrictions as may be prescribed by law and shall have authority to arm and equip the same
Par III The officers and men of the militia and volunteer forces shall not be entitled to receive any pay rations or emoluments when not in active service by authority of the State
ARTICLE XI
Counties and County Officers
Section I
Paragraph I Each county shall be a body corporate with such powers and limitations as may be prescribed by law All suits by or against a county shall be in the name thereof and the metes and bounds of the several counties shall remain as now prescribed by law unless changed as hereinafter provided
The Commissioners of Roads and Revenues of Fulton County shall have authority to establish and administer sewerage water andor fire prevention systems to establish and maintain parks and to levy taxes or assessments on property therefor
245
Paragraph II There shall not be more than one hundred and forty five counties in this State Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this Constitution there shall be a new county laid out from the counties of Irwin and Wilcox bounded as follows Beginning at the point where the south line of land lot No 167 in the third district of Wilcox County crosses the Alapaha river and running due east along the south line to the northeast corner of land lot 159 in the third district of Irwin county thence north to the northeast corner of land lot 172 in the third district of Wilcox county thence east to the northeast corner of land lot No 174 in the third district of Irwin county thence south to the northeast corner of land lot No 157 in the third district of Irwin county and thence east to the north east corner of land lot 156 in the third district of Irwin county and thence south to the northeast corner of land lot No 66 in the third district of Irwin county thence east to the northeast corner of land lot No 62 in the third district of Irwin county and thence south to the northeast corner of land lot No 32 in the third district of Irwin county thence east to the southeast corner of land lot No 233 in the fourth district of Irwin county and thence north to the southwest corner of land lot No 206 in the fourth district of Irwin county and thence east to the southeast corner of land lot No 39 in the fourth district of Irwin county and thence north along the east line of land lot No 39 to the Ocmulgee river and thence in a westerly direction along the Ocmulgee river to the point where House creek in Wilcox county empties into the Ocmulgee river and thence in a westerly direction along the said House creek to the point where the said House creek crosses the north line of land lot No 255 in the third district of Wilcox county and thence west along the north hnp of said land lot 255 and the district lines between the first and third districts in the said County of Wilcox to the Alapaha river and thence in a southerly direction along the said Alapaha river to the starting point That Fitzgerald shall be the county site of said county Said county shall be attached to the Third Congressional District and to the Oconee judicial circuit until another circuit shall be established embracing the present County of Irwin in which case it shall belong to said new circuit and shall be attached to the fifteenth State senatorial district That all legal voters residing in the limits of said County of Ben Hill entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Tuesday in January 1907 elect an ordinary a clerk of the superior court a sheriff a coroner a tax collector a tax receiver a county surveyor and a county treasurer and three commissioners of roads and revenues for said county said election to be held at Fitzgerald the county site of said county That the superior courts of said county shall be held on the first Mondays in April and October of each year The limits of the said county the Congressional and senatorial districts and the judicial circuit to which it is attached the time of holding the terms of the superior courts shall be as designated above until changed by law
Text given is as contained in creating Acts as ratified
246
Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this Constitution there shall be a new county laid out and created from the territory now comprising Pulaski County to be made up and composed of all that part of the territory of Pulaski county lying north and east of a line extending northwest and southeast across said county said line beginning at the point on the boundary line of Pulaski and Dodge counties where land lots Nos 123 and 148 in the 20th land district of Pulaski county meet and thence extending from said point in a northwesterly direction along the line dividing said lots 123 and 148 thence continuing in a northwesterly direction along the dividing lines of the following land lots Nos 122 and 149 121 and 150 in the 20th land district and Nos 300 and 301 299 and 302 298 and 303 297 and 304 296 and 305 295 and 306 294 and 307 293 and 308 292 and 309 291 and 310 290 and 311 289 and 312 288 and 313 287 and 314 286 and 315 in the 21st land district and Nos 354 and 361 and between lots 360 and 355 and between 359 and 356 between 358 and 357 in the 24th land district to the Ocmulgee river and to the line of Houston county
That the said new county shall be known as the County of Bleckley and the City of Cochran shall be the county site of the same
That the said County of Bleckley shall be attached to the same Congressional District and to the same Judicial Circuit and to the same State Senatorial District as those to which the County of Pulaski is attached at the date of the ratification of this amendment
That all legal voters residing in the limits of the County of Bleckley entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Wednesday in January following the rectification of this proposed amendment elect an Ordinary a clerk of the Superior Court a sheriff a coroner a tax collector a tax receiver a county surveyor and a county treasurer and one commissioner of Roads and Revenues for said new county and said election shall be held at Cochran
That the Superior Courts of said Bleckley County shall be held on the second Monday in January and the first Monday in July of each year
That the Congressional and Senatorial Districts the Judicial Circuit to which said county is attached the time of holding the terms of the Superior Court and the limits of the county shall be as designated above until changed by law
Provided that the laws applicable to the organization of new counties as found in Sections 829 to 848 inclusive of the Code of 1911 are hereby made applicable to said County of Bleckley whenever the same may be created by the proposed amendment to the Constitution and that said county when created shall become a statutory county and shall be at all times subject to all laws applicable to all other counties in this State
Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this constitution there shall be a new county laid out from the County
247
of Montgomery and bounded as follows Commencing at a point on the western bank of the Oconee river where the Laurens county line intersects with said river thence down the western bank of the said river to the mouth of the said river thence up the northern bank of the Ocmulgee river to the mouth of the Little Ocmulgee river thence up the said Little Ocmulgee river to the line of Dodge county thence east along said line of Dodge county and Laurens county to the western bank of the Oconee river to the starting point That said new county the boundaries of which are described herein shall be called and known by the name of Wheeler and shall be attached to and become a part of the Twelfth Congressional district the Fifteenth State Senatorial district and the Oconee judicial circuit and the county site of the said new county shall be the town of Alamo That all legal voters residing in the limits as herein described of said proposed new county of Wheeler entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Tuesday in January 1913 elect an Ordinary a clerk of Superior Court a sheriff a coroner a tax collector a tax receiver a county surveyor a county treasurer and three commissioners of Roads and Revenues for said county said election to be held at town of Alamo the county site of said new county That the Superior Courts of said county shall be held on the first Mondays in March and on the first Mondays in September of each year The limits of the said county the Congressional and Senatorial districts and the judicial circuit to which it is attached and the time of holding the terms of the Superior Courts shall be as designated above until changed by law provided that the laws applicable to the organization of new counties as found in section 829 to 848 inclusive of the Code of 1911 are hereby made applicable to said County of Wheeler whenever the same may be created by the proposed amendment to the Constitution and that said county when created shall become a statutory county and shall be at all times subject to all laws applicable to all other counties in this State
Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this constitution there shall be a new county laid out from the Counties of Gwinnett Walton and Jackson said county bounded as follows Beginning at a point amid stream where the Mulberry river crosses the Hall county line joining Jackson county thence following the line between Hall and Jackson counties to the corner of Hall Gwinnett and Jackson counties thence in a direct line to the center of the Appalachia river at Freemans mill thence following the middle of the current of said Appalachia river down to the line of Walton and Oconee counties thence following the line between Walton and Oconee counties to the common corner of Walton Jackson and Oconee counties thence following the line between Jackson and Oconee counties to the Clarke county line dividing Oconee and Clarke counties thence in a direct line to McCleskys Bridge at the central point over the Mulberry river and thence up the said Mulberry river to the beginning point on the Hall county line That Winder Georgia shall be the county site of said county Said county shall be attached to the Ninth
248
Congressional District and to the Western Judicial Circuit and shall be attached to the ThirtyThird Senatorial District That the name of said new county shall be Barrow and that all legal voters residing in the limits of said County of Barrow entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Tuesday in January 1915 elect an ordinary a clerk of the Superior Court a sheriff a coroner a tax collector a tax receiver a county surveyor and a county treasurer Said election to be held at Winder Georgia the county site of said county That the Superior Courts of said county shall be held on the fourth Mondays in March and September of each year The limits of said county the congressional and senatorial districts and the judicial circuit to which it is attached the time of holding the terms of the Superior Court shall be as above designated until changed by law
That in addition to the counties heretofore existing in this State created by the General Assembly and those created by amendments to the above and foregoing paragraphs section and article of the Constitution of this State there is hereby created an additional county which county when created shall be known as Cajndler county The territory for the formation of said County of Candler shall be taken from the Counties of Emanuel Bulloch and Tattnall and the said territory so taken for the formation of said new County of Candler shall be included with the following described boundaries towit Starting at the south of Ten Mile Creek where it empties into Canoochee river running in a northerly direction up said river to Excelsior bridge thence in a northerly direction straight course to Lotts Creek to a point onequarter of a mile above new bridge thence along the line of Lotts Creek to DeLoachs Pond leaving DeLoachs Pond running in a northwesterly direction crossing the Bulloch and Emanuel county lines intersecting with the Swainsboro and Statesboro public road at D B Johnsons place thence in a southwesterly direction to Union School House thence in a southwesterly direction to Cowarts Mill Pond thence a direct line south to the Leo Collins crossing on Central of Georgia Railroad thence a southwesterly course to Griffins Ferry Bridge on the Ohoopee River crossing line of Emanuel and Tattnall counties a southerly course to a point where the Counties of Emanuel and Tattnall meet on the Ohoopee River thence a direct line east to Kennedys Bridge on the Canoochee River That when said county is created the county seat of the same shall be the Town of Metter now in the County of Bulloch that if the above and foregoing amendment should be ratified by the people when the same is submitted to them for their ratification at the next general election after the adoption of this proposal to amend the Constitution there shall be on the first Wednesday in December after the proposed amendment to the Constitution is adopted an election for the county officers herein named in and for said new county to be held at the several election precincts existing within the limits of said new county at the time of the adoption of the proposed amendment during the usual hours of holding elections and all legally qualified voters residing in said territory shall
249
be qualified to vote at said election and the ordinaries of the several counties in which said election precincts are located at the time of the adoption of this amendment shall each appoint the election managers for the precincts in th counties in which he shall exercise jurisdiction of ordinary and the managers of the election shall on the day succeeding the election meet at the Town of Metter the place designated as the county seat of the new county and consolidate the vote for the county officers at such place within the limits of the Town of Metter as shall be designated by the Judge of the Superior Court of the middle circuit whose duty it is hereby made to designate the place of meeting of said election managers within the corporate limits of said Town of Metter and the general laws now in force as to the consolidation of the votes the return of the election and the commission of officers shall be applicable to officers elected at such special election herein provided for that the officers to be elected at said spcial election herein provided shall be an ordinary a clerk of the Superior Court a sheriff a tax collector a tax receiver a coroner a county surveyor and a county treasurer that said officers shall be commissioned as now required by law and all laws now in force in this State to commission officers and for bonds required of them shall be applicable to the officers so elected that the officers elected at said general election shall hold their offices until the next general election for county officers and until their successors are elected and qualified The General Assembly is hereby given power to create any additional statutory officers in said county or statutory courts and to provide by law for filling said offices Any vacancies that may occur before the next general election in any of the offices created by said county may be filled as now provided by law The said County of Candler shall be attached to the First Congressional District the Middle Judicial Circuit and the Seventeenth Senatorial District but it shall be in the power of the General Assembly at any time to change the judicial circuit to which said County of Candler is attached and the said General Assembly of Georgia is hereby given power to change said County of Candler in arranging congressional and senatorial districts as now provided by law That the Superior Courts in said County of Candler shall be held on the third Mondays in February and August months of each year but it shall be within the power of the General Assembly at any time by law to change the time of holding the courts and the number of terms thereof That the Justices of the Peace and Constables residing in the territory included within the new County of Candler shall exercise the duties and powers of their office until new militia districts are laid out in said County of Candler as now provided by law that all of the provisions of the law as contained in Chapter Thirteen 13 of the Code of 1910 are hereby made applicable to the said County of Candler whenever the same is created that all of the general laws in this State in addition to the above having application to the statutory counties of this State are hereby made applicable to the said County of Candler especially the law in reference to holding elections for the purpose of creating a debt for said county that when this amend
250
ment is adopted the said County of Candler so created by the adoption of this amendment shall become in all respects a statutory county and shall be governed by all laws now in force in this State regulating county and county affairs
Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by the Constitution of the State of Georgia there shall be a new county laid out from the Counties of Appling Pierce and Ware that the name of said county shall be Bacon and the boundaries shall be as follows Commencing at the southwest corner of the County of Appling where it corners with Ware and Coffee counties being at the southwest corner of land lot 471 of the 5th district of Appling County and running thence north along the dividing lines between the Counties of Appling and Coffee to the southwest corner of land lot 464 of the 5th district of Appling County and running thence west along the original land line to the southwest corner of land lot 510 of the 5th district of Appling County where it corners with Coffee County and running thence north along the dividing line between the Counties of Appling and Coffee to the northwest corner of land lot 115 of the 2nd district of Appling County where it corners with Jeff Davis County and running thence east along the dividing line between Appling and Jeff Davis Counties to the northwest corner of land lot 108 in the 2nd district of Appling County thence running north along the dividing line of Appling and Jeff Davis Counties to the northwest corner of land lot 169 of the 2nd district of Appling County and thence east along the original land line to what is known as the Little Satilla River and thence southeasterly along the middle thread of the Little Satilla River to a point where sad river crosses the southern line of land lot 75 of the 4th district of Pierce County and running thence west along the original land line to the northwest corner of land lot 76 in the 4th district of Pierce County thence running south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 63 in the 4th district of Pierce County and running thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 30 in the 4th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 31 of the 4th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 16 in the 4th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 15 in the 4th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 38 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 36 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 57 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 58 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 81 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 80 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot
251
105 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 106 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land lines to the southeast corner of land lot 198 in the 5th district of Ware County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 199 in the 5th district of Ware County thence west along the original land lines to the southwest corner of land lot 291 in the 5th district of Ware County thence north along the original land lines to the northwest corner of land lot 290 in the 5th district of Ware County thence west along the original land ling to the southwest corner of land lot 310 in the 5th district of Ware County thence north along the original land lines to the southwest corner of land lot 312 in the 5th district of Ware County thence west along the original land lines to the southwest corner of land lot 471 to point and place of beginning
That Alma Georgia shall be the county site of said county that the said county shall be attached to the Eleventh Congressional District and to the Way cross Judicial Circuit and to the Third Senatorial District That all legal voters residing in the limits of said County of Bacon entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Tuesday in January 1915 at Alma Georgia the county site of said county elect an ordinary a clerk of the Superior Court a sheriff a coroner a tax collector a tax receiver a county surveyor county school superintendent and a county treasurer The limits of said county the congressional and senatorial districts and the judicial circuit to which it is added shall be as above designated until changed by law The Superior Court of said county shall be held on the third Mondays m March and October That said County of Bacon is hereby declared to be a statutory county the General Assembly of the State of Georgia is hereby given the power by legislation to create local offices and local courts in the said county other than those provided for in this Constitution and it is further declared that the General Assembly shall have the same power to legislate in reference to said County of Bacon that it has now as to other counties in the State That all laws applicable to the counties in this State are hereby made to apply to the said County of Bacon That said County of Bacon is hereby authorized to create a bonded debt not to exceed one hundred thousand dollars 100000 for public improvements in said County of Bacon by the consent of the majority of the regular qualified voters of said County of Bacon voting at an election for that purpose That said election to create said debt shall be held under law now in force for creation of the debt
Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this Constitution there shall be a new county laid out and created from portions of the Counties of Bulloch and Tattnall and embraced within the following boundary lines Commencing at a point known as Johnsons Old Ferry on the Canoochee river and running thence in a southwesterly direction along the boundary line between Liberty and Tattnall
252
counties to a point known as the Ford on Canoochee Creek thence in a westerly direction a straight line to Jennie thence a westerly direction a straight line to Rogers Crossing at the intersection of the Bellville and Reidsville roads thence in a northerly direction in a straight line to a point on the Seaboard Air Line Railway half way between the Towns of Bellville and Manassas thence northerly in the same direction in a straight line until it intersects the line of the proposed County of Candler thence along said line to the Canoochee River thence in a southerly direction down the Canoochee River to Kennedys Bridge thence in an easterly direction along the public road leading from Kennedys Bridge to Ada Belle on the Register and Glennville Railroad thence in an easterly direction along the old Dublin Road to the rightofway of the old Dublin Railroad bed thence in a southeasterly direction down said rightofway to Scotts Creek thence in the same direction down Scotts Creek to its mouth in Lotts Creek thence in a southerly direction down Lotts Creek to its mouth in Canoochee River and from thence down Canoochee River in a southeasterly direction to the starting point at Johnsons Ferry That the territory embraced in the foregoing boundary lines shall be known as and be named Evans County and the City of Claxton shall be the county site of the same That said proposed county shall be attached to the First Congressional District to the Atlantic Judicial Circuit and to the Second Senatorial District That all legal voters residing within the limits of said proposed County of Evans entitled under the laws of Georgia to vote for members of the General Assembly shall on the first Wednesday in January following the ratification by the people of this proposed amendment elect the following officers for the said County of Evans An ordinary a clerk of the Superior Court a sheriff a coroner a tax collector a tax receiver a county treasurer a county surveyor a county superintendent of public schools and three commissioners of roads and revenues said election to be held at Claxton the county site according to law That the Superior Courts of the said County of Evans shall be held on the fourth Mondays of January March June and October of each year and that the grand jury for said County of Evans shall serve at the January and June terms of said court each year provided however that the Judge of the Superior Court qualified to vote at said election and the Ordinary of Berrien County may in his discretion cause the grand jury of said county to be summoned at any term of said Superior Court That the limits of said County of Evans the congressional and State senatorial districts the judicial circuit to which said County of Evans is hereby attached the terms of the Superior Court of the same shall be as designated herein until changed by law provided that the laws applicable to new counties and not inconsistent or in conflict with the provisions of this Act as found in Sections 829 to 848 inclusive of the Code of Georgia 1910 are hereby made applicable to said county of Evans whenever said county is created and that said county shall be subject to all laws applicable to all other counties of this State
Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for
253
by this Constitution there shall be a new county laid out and created from territory embraced in Coffee and Clinch counties within the following boundary lines Beginning at the point where the southern boundary line of lot of land No 334 in the fifth land district of Coffee County intersects the middle of the run of Willacoochee Creek then follow said land line directly east to the southeast corner of lot of land No 15 in the sixth land district of Coffee County thence south along the eastern boundary of lot of land No 16 in the sixth land district of Coffee County to the souths west corner of said lot of land thence along the land line directly east to where it intersects the middle of the run of the Satilla River thence in a southeasterly direction along the run of the said Satilla River to where the same intersects the northern boundary of lot of land No 250 in the sixth 6 land district thence directly east along said line to where it intersects the Ware County line thence in a southerly direction along the Ware County line to the northside of lot of land No 234 in the seventh land district of Clinch County thence directly westward along the land line of said lot of land No 234 on the north to where it intersects the middle of the run of Alapaha river thence in a northerly direction along the middle of the run of the Alapaha River to the mouth of Willatoohee Creek thence along the middle of the run of Willacoochee Creek to point of beginning That said new county shall be known as Atkinson County and the City of Pearson shall be the county seat thereof That said Atkinson County shall be attached to the Eleventh Congressional District the Waycross Judicial Circuit and the Fifth Senatorial District That all the legal voters residing within the limits of the County of Atkinson entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia on the first Wednesday in December following the ratification of this proposed amendment shall elect an ordinary a clerk of the Superior Court sheriff coroner tax collector tax receiver county surveyor and county treasurer for said new county said election to be held at the militia district courthouses at Willacoochee Pearson and Axson in the manner now provided by law for holding elections for county officers and said county officerselect shall qualify and enter upon the discharge of their respective duties on the first day of January following their election and shall hold their offices for a term of two years or until their successors shall be duly elected and qualified That the Superior Courts of said Atkinson county shall be held on the fourth Mondays in January and June of each year That the Congressional and Senatorial Districts the judicial circuit to which said County of Atkinson is attached the time of holding the terms of the Superior Courts and the limits of the county shall remain as designated above until the same shall be changed by law Provided that the laws applicable to the organization of new counties found in Sections 829 to 848 inclusive Code of 1911 are hereby made applicable to the County of Atkinson whenever the same may be created by the proposed amendment to the Constitution and that said county when created shall become a statutory county and shall be at all times subject to all laws applicable to all other counties in this State
254
That in addition to the counties heretofore existing in this State created by the General Assembly and those created by amendments to the above and foregoing paragraph section and article of the Constitution of this State there is hereby created an additional County which county when created shall be known as Treutlen County The territory for the formation of the said County of Treutlen shall be taken from the Counties of Montgomery arid Emanuel and the said territory so taken for the formation of said County of Treutlen shall be included with the following described boundaries towit Starting at a point on the east side of the Oconee River where Red Bluff Creek empties into the Oconee River and funning up said Red Bluff Creek to a point where the river crosses Red Bluff Creek thence on a straight line in a northeasterly direction to Wixtrums Bridge on Pendleton Creek said Pendleton Creek being the present line between Montgomery and Emanuel counties thence in a northerly direction from Wixtrums Bridge on Pendleton Creek to Moores Bridge on the Ohoopee River the public road from Wixtrums Bridge leading to Swainsboro being the line to said Moores Bridge on the Ohoopee River thence up the run of the Ohoopee River from Moores Bridge to McLemores Bridge where the Savannah and Dublin public road crosses the Ohoopee River thence in a westerly direction along said Savannah and Dublin public road to where said public road crosses the county line between Laurens and Emanuel counties thence in a southwesterly direction along the county line between the present Counties of Emanuel and Laurens to Pendleton Creek thence along the county line between Laurens and Montgomery counties to Mercers Creek thence down Mercers Creek in a southwesterly direction to where Mercers Creek empties into the Oconee River thence down the Oconee River to the mouth of Red Bluff Creek at the starting point That if the said county is created the county seat shall be at the Town of Soperton now in the County of Montgomery That if this amendment shall be ratified by the people when the same is submitted to them for their ratification then on the first Wednesday in December 1918 an election shall be held for the election of county officers herein named to serve in and for said new county that said election shall be at the said election precincts existing within the limits of said proposed new county at the time this amendment shall take effect and be held during the hours now fixed by law for holding elections and all legally qualified voters residing in the territory included in the limits of said proposed new county shall be qualified to vote at said election for said officers and the ordinaries of the several counties in which the election precincts are located within the limits of the said proposed new county at the time this amendment is to take effect shall each appoint the election managers for the precincts in the county in which he exercises jurisdiction as ordinary and said managers shall take and subscribe the oath now prescribed by law and the election managers shall on the day succeeding the election meet at the Town of Soperton the place herein designated as the county seat of said proposed new county and consolidate the vote cast at said election
255
at such place within the limits of said Town of Soperton as shall be designated by the judge of the Superior Courts of the Oconee Circuit whose duty it is hereby made to designate a meeting place for said election managers within the corporate limits of said Town of Soperton and the general law of this State now in force as to the consolidation of votes the returnof the election and the commission of the officers shall be applicable to such special election herein provided for The officers to be elected at said election shall be an ordinary clerk of the Superior Court sheriff tax collector tax receiver coroner county surveyor county treasurer county superintendent of education and member of the General Assembly that the persons who shall be elected to fill said offices at said election shall be commissioned as now required by law and the laws now in force in this State in regard to commissions for officers and the bonds required of them shall be applicable to the officers so elected and they shall hold their offices until the next general election for county officers and until their successors are elected and qualified The General Assembly is hereby given power to create any statutory offices or statutory courts and provide for filling the same Vacancies that may occur before the next general election in any of said offices shall be filled as now provided by law That said new county when created shall become a part of the twelfth Congressional District and sixteenth Senatorial District and shall be included in the Oconee Judicial Circuit and a Superior Court for said county is hereby created which court shall have the same jurisdiction as now provided by law for the Superior Courts of this State that the said court until otherwise changed by law shall be held on the third Mondays of February and August of each year but the General Assembly is hereby expressly given the power to change the terms of said court and to increase the number thereof that the justices of the peace and constables residing within the territory included within the new County of Treutlen shall exercise the duties and powers of their offices until new militia districts are laid out for said County of Treutlen as now provided by law That the provisions of Chapter 13 of the Code of 1910 are hereby made applicable to said proposed County of Treutlen and that all the general laws of this State in reference to holding elections for the purpose of creating debt and that the said proposed County of Treutlen shall when created become in all respects a statutory county and shall be governed by all laws now in force in this State relating to counties and county affairs and shall be subject to the legislative control of this State and the Legislature of this State is hereby given power to enact laws in reference to said county in the same manner and the same extent that they have the power to legislate as to the other counties now existing in this State that the property of all taxpayers included within the limits as herein defined of the said proposed County of Treutlen is hereby made chargeable with any debt that may have been incurred by any of the counties from which the territory included in the new county is taken by the legally constituted authorities of the county for the purpose of raising revenues for the benefit of either of said counties
256
whether the said debt is a bonded debt or one which has been incurred for the benefit in any way of either of the counties The value of the taxable property included in the said County of Treutlen at the time of the adoption of this amendment to the Constitution in proportion to the value of the property left in the counties from which the said County of Treutlen is taken shall determine the proportionate amount of the debt which shall be put upon the property of the taxpayers located in said proposed new county Authority is hereby given to the ordinary of the said County of Treutlen and to the officers of the counties from which said territory is taken who are charged with the management of the business of the said counties to settle and agree upon an amount of the said indebtedness that shall be assumed and paid by the said County of Treutlen and it is hereby made the duty of the ordinary of said County of Treutlen when the amount of said debt is so ascertained to cause a tax to be levied upon all the property within the limits of the said County of Treutlen of such per cent as will be sufficient to discharge said debt and m the event of the failure or refusal of the ordinary of Treutlen county to levy such tax it shall be the duty of the judge of the Superior Court of the circuit of which the said County of Treutlen forms a part to compel the ordinary of the County of Treutlen to perform the duty herein required of him In the event of the failure of the authorities of the said County of Treutlen to ascertain the proportionate part of said debt the said County of Treutlen is hereby required to pay or in the event the authorities of the counties fail to agree upon the amount of said debt then either of said counties may bring a suit against the said County of Treutlen in the Superior Court of said county for the purpose of having the proportion of said debt so assumed by the said County of Treutlen to be ascertained and the said court is hereby given power to enforce whatever judgment may be had as the result of said trial by compelling the ordinary of said county to levy a tax for the payment of said debt
That Section 846 of the Code of 1910 in reference to the registration of voters is hereby expressly made applicable to said county and in addition to the provisions contained in said section it is hereby made the duty of the ordinaries of the several counties in the territory included in said county to furnish to the election managers the names of all persons legally registered and who reside in the territory included in the said County of Treutlen and who are qualified to vote according to the laws of this State
That in addition to the counties heretofore existing in this State created by the General Assembly and those created by amendment to the above and foregoing paragraph section and article of the Constitution of this State there is hereby created an additional county which county when created shall be known as Cook county The territory for the formation of said County of Cook shall be taken from the County of Berrien and the territory so taken for the formation of said new County of Cook shall be included with the following described boundaries towit
257
Starting at a point where the Willacoochee River crosses the county line between the Counties of Berrien and Lowndes thence running a northerly direction along the run of said Willacoochee River to where said river intersects with New River thence taking a northwesterly direction up and along the run of said New River to where said New River crosses the county line between the Counties of Berrien and Tift thence westward along what is now the county line between said Counties of Berrien and Tift to where said line crosses the run of Little River thence a southerly direction and southeasterly direction down and along the run of said Little River to where the same reaches the line between the Counties of Lowndes and Berrien thence due east along the original lines on the south side of lots of land Numbers 517 516 and 515 in the 9th land district of originally Irwin county to the southwest corner of lot of land Number 514 in the 9th land district of originally Irwin county thence due east along the line between the Counties of Berrien and Lowndes to where the same crosses the run of said Willacoochee River that being the starting point
That when said county is created the county seat for the same shall be the Town of Adel now in said County of Berrien That if the above and foregoing amendment should be ratified by the people at the next general election after the adoption of the proposal to amend the Constitution there shall be on the first Wednesday in December after the proposed amendment to the Constitution is adopted an election for the county officers herein named in and for said new county to be held at the several election precincts existing within the limits of said new county at the time of the adoption of the proposed amendment during the usual hours of holding elections and all legally qualified voters residing in said territory shall be qualified to vote at said lection and the Ordinary of Berrien county the county in which said election precincts are located at the time of the adoption of this amendment shall appoint the election managers for such precincts and the managers of the election shall on the day succeeding the election meet at the city hall in the Town of Adel and consolidate the vote for the county officers and the general laws now in force as to consolidation of the votes the return of the election and the commission of officers shall be applicable to officers elected at such special elections herein providd for that the officers to be elected at said special election herein provided for shall be an ordinary clerk of the Superior Court sheriff tax collector tax receiver coroner county surveyor and county treasurer that said officers shall be commissioned as now required Dy law and all laws now in force in this State to commission officers and for bonds required of them shall be applicable to the officers so elected that the officers elected at said election shall hold their offices until the next general election for county officers throughout the State and until their successors are elected and qualified The General Assembly is hereby given power to create any additional statutory offices in said county or statutory courts and to provide by law for filling said offices Any vacancies that may occur
258
before the next general election in any of the offices created thus for said county may be filled as now provided by law The said County of Cook shall be attached to the Eleventh Congressional District the Southern Judicial Circuit and the Sixth Senatorial District but it shall be in the power of the General Assembly at any time to change the Judicial Circuit to which said County of Cook is attached and the said General Assembly of Georgia is hereby given power to change said County of Cook in arranging Congressional and Senatorial Districts as is now provided by law That the Superior Courts in said County of Cook shall be held on the first Mondays in March and September of each year but it shall be within the power of the General Assembly at any time by law to change the time of holding court and the number of terms thereof That the Justice of the Peace and Constables residing in the territory included with the new County of Cook shall exercise the duties and powers of their office until new militia districts are laid out in said County of Cook as now provided by law That all the provisions of the law as contained in Chapter Thirteen 13 of the Code of 1910 are hereby made applicable to the said County of Cook whenever the same is created That all of the general laws in this State in addition to the abovq having application to the statutory counties of this State are hereby made applicable to the said County of Cook especially the law in reference to holding elections for the purpose of creating a debt for said county That the County of Cook shall become in all respects a statutory county and shall be governed by all laws now in force in this State regulating county and county affairs
The county authorities of said county shall have the right to create a debt for and on behalf of said county to defray the expenses of said county for the first year without submitting the same to a vote of the qualified voters of said county The Legislature is hereby authorized to correct any mistake or mistakes or inaccuracies that may occur or may have occurred in reference to the line or lines of said proposed new county
That in addition to the counties heretofore existing in this State created by the General Assembly and those created by amendment to the above and foregoing paragraph section and article of the Constitution of this State is hereby created an additional county which county when created shall be known as Lanier county The territory for the formation of said County of Lanier shall be taken from the Counties of Clinch Berrien and Lowndes and the territory so taken for the formation of said new County of Lanier shall be included within the following described boundaries towit Beginning at the northwest corner of land lot 312 in the 10th land district of Berrien county thence running south along the west line of lots 312 333 358 379 404 425 and 450 to the southwest corner of said lot 450 thence westward along the north lines of lots 470 and 469 to the northwest corner of lot 469 thence south along the west lines of lots 469 490 and 515 to the southwest corner of lot 515 thence east along the south fines of lots 515 and 516 to the northwest corner of lot 231 all of said lots being in the 10th district of Berrien county thence south along the west
259
in v thmjuu a m 14t Qt colony tin she had a fit In mirror puu in her bath 100m iEjk fe
brlist kehit tyrhl ftups theiy Ifnte
E the art piede posed
5tiires that wifi b posed and retcd
Gleaners The Jester The Seer Baby Shiart Age of M lii Blue Bpvt The flpr t 3M Miatipti
lyrripl stltlifer 1
I
el undr approprafelf pg will produce a irefe6rSflf4W
ufiha OmicronM eet for Luncheon j
U meiubeia rut JldlifTff
daainae of theAlpha Ooiierou TS Koririfey will meet fbr a luncheon fcars lebueJ Cortpaufpu ffiyjgg Kean ayenu atlprcbclc January 17 This luncheon will boj Mwu by Searp Ioebuek tnhetheiy SwUh a fasbioi shorn Ech miiiibr RestedtWbattgAgeg4rst Tjfci be a
y whieli will ay Ithe inM r
Hnps of lots 231 232 233 234 235 and 236 to the southwest corner of said lot 236 all of said lots being in the 11th district of Lowndes county thence east along the south lines of lots 236 271 282 317 328 363 374 409 420 to the run of Alapaha River in Lowndes county all of said lots in the 11th district of Lowndes county and thence down the run of said Alapaha River in a southerly and southeasterly direction to where said run of said river crosses the present line between the Counties of Clinch and Echols said line being the run of Cow Creek at said point thence easterly and northeasterly along the run of said Cow Creek to a point where said creek leaves the present line between Clinch and Echols counties thence easterly and southeasterly along the present line between the Counties of Clinch and Echols to the southeast portion of lot of land 519 that lies in the present County of Clinch and in the 11th district of said county thence north along the east lines of lots of land 519 518 517 516 515 514 513 512 511 510 509 508 507 in the 11th district and 529 484 483 438 437 392 391 346 345 300 299 254 253 to the northeast corner of said lot 253 in the 10th district all in the County of Clinch thence westward along the north lines of lots 253 252 251 250 and 249 to the run of Alapaha River in a southerly direction to where the run of said river crosses the north line of lot 304 in the 10th district of Berrien county thence westward along the north lines of lots 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 and 312 in the 10th district of Berrien county to the northwest corner of said lot 312 the starting point
That when said county is created the county seat for the same shall be the Town of Milltown now in said County of Berrien That if the above and foregoing amendment should be ratified by the people when the same is submitted to them for their ratification at the next general election after the adoption of the proposal to amend the Constitution there shall be on the first Wednesday in December after the proposed amendment to the Constitution is adopted an election for the county officers herein named in and for said new county to be held at the several election precincts existing within the limits of said new county at the time of the adoption of the proposed amendment during the usual hours of holding elections and all legally qualified voters residing in said territory shall be qualified to vote at said election and the ordinary of the county in which said election precincts are located at the time of the adoption of this amendment shall appoint the election magagers for such precincts and the managers of the election shall on the day succeeding the election meet at the city hall in the Town of Milltown and consolidate the vote for the county officers and the general laws now in force as to the consolidation of the votes the return of the election and the commission of officers shall be applicable to officers elected at such special elections herein provided for that the officers to be elected at such special election herein provided for shall be an ordinary clerk of the Superior Court sheriff tax collector tax receiver coroner county surveyor and county treasurer that said officers shall be commissioned as now required by law and all laws now in force
260
in this State to commission officers and for bonds required of them shall be applicable to officers so elected that the officers elected at said election shall hold their offices until the next general election for county officers throughout the State and until their successors are elected and qualified The General Assembly is hereby given power to create any additional statutory offices in said county or statutory courts and to provide by law for filling said offices Any vacancies that may occur before the next general election in any of the offices created thus for said county may be filled as now provided by law The said County of Lanier shall be attached to the Eleventh Congressional District the Alapaha Judicial Circuit and the Sixth Senatorial District but it shall be inthe power of the General Assembly at any time to change the judicial circuit to which said County of Lanier is attached and the said General Assembly of Georgia is hereby given power to change said County of Lanier in arranging Congressional and Senatorial district as is now provided by law That the Superior Courts in said County of Lanier shall be held on the second Alondays in January and July of each year but it shall be within the power of the General Assembly at any time by law to change the time of holding Court and the number of terms thereof That the Justices of the Peace and Constables residing in the territory included within the new County of Lanier shall exercise the duties and powers of their offices until new miltia districts are laid out m said County of Lanier as now provided by law That all the provisions of law as contained in Chapter thirteen 13 of the Code of 1910 are hereby made applicable to the said County of Lanier whenever the same is created That all of the general laws of this State in addition to the above having application to the statutory counties of this State are hereby made applicable to the said County of Lanier especially the law in reference to holding elections for the purpose of creating a debt for said county That when this amendment is adopted the said County of Lanier so created by the adoption of this amendment shall become in all respects a statutory county and shall be governed by all laws now in force in this State regulating county and county affairs The county authorities of said county shall have the right to create a debt for and on behalf of said county to defray the expenses of said county for the first year without submitting the same to a vote of the qualified voters of said county The Legislature is hereby authorized to correct any mistake or mistakes or inaccuracies that may occur or may have occurred in reference to the line or lines of said proposed county
In addition to the counties now provided for by the Constitution of Georgia as amended there shall be organized by this further amendment Paragraph 2 Section 1 Article 11 another new county to be known as Brantley the same to be laid out from the Counties of Pierce Charlton and Wayne and shall include all the territory embraced within boundaries as follows towit Beginning at the southeast corner of Pierce County at the southeast corner of lot of land number three hundred 300 in the 9th district of Pierce County and thence northwards along the line between
261
Pierce and Charlton counties to the southwest corner of land lot number thirteen 13 in the 2nd district of Charlton County thence eastwards along the south line of land lots numbers thirteen 13 fiftytwo 52 seventyseven 77 one hundred and sixteen 116 one hundred and forty one 141 one hundred and eighty 180 two hundred and five 205 and fractional lot two hundred and fortyfour 244 and thence continuing in a straight line to Buffalo Creek and thence eastwards along the line between Counties of Charlton and Wayne to the Big Satilla River and the western line of Camden county thence northward along the line between Wayne and Camden counties to the Glynn County line thence further northwards along the line between the Counties of Wayne and Glynn to a point on said county line one mile north of the main line of the Atlanta Birmingham and Atlantic Railway thence westwards along a line one mile north of and parallel with the aforesaid main line of the Atlanta Birmingham and Atlantic Railway to the Little Satilla River and the line between the Counties of Wayne and Pierce thence southeast along the channel of the Little Satilla River to the southwest corner of land lot number one 1 in the 3rd district of Wayne County thence southwards along the west lines of land lots numbers thirtytwo 32 and thirtyone 31 in the 2nd district of Pierce County to the channel of the Big Satilla River thence westwards up the channel of the Big Satilla River through Pierce County to the county line between Pierce and Ware counties and thence south and southeast along the county line between Pierce and Ware counties to the Charlton county line and thence eastwards along the county line between Pierce and Charlton to the southeast corner of Pierce County the point of beginning aforesaid
The county site of said new county Brantley shall be Hoboken Georgia
Said county shall be attached to the Eleventh Congressional District to the Waycross Judicial Circuit and to the Third Senatorial District until changed by the General Assembly of Georgia
Terms of Superior Court shall be two in number held on the first Monday in June and on the fourth Monday in November in each year until the number of said terms and time of holding the same shall be changed by the General Assembly
Justices of the Peace and Constables cut off into the new county shall continue to exercise the duties and powers of their respective officesuntil new militia districts are laid off in said new county and until their successors are elected and qualified
The voters of said new county qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the second Wednesday in December1920 elect an ordinary clerk of Superior Court sheriff coroner tax collector tax receiver county treasurer county surveyor county school superintendent and representative in the General Assembly
262
who shall hold office until the next general election for county officers be held m the State of Georgia and until their Successors are elected and qualified and said officers shall qualify give bond and take oath as prescribed by law Said election shall be held at the schoolhouse at Hoboken the county seat of said county by managers appointed by the ordinary of Pierce County for said purpose or by three freeholders in event the managers so appointed fail or refuse to hold said election and said election hall be held under the laws now of force relating to the manner of holding elections for county officers The officers elected at said election shall enter upon the discharge of their respective duties on the 1st day of January 1921
The ordinaries of the counties from which said new county is laid out shall furnish the managers of said election with a list of the legal voters registered in their respective counties who reside within the territory included in said new county
The provisions of Section 829 to 848 inclusive of the Code are hereby made applicable to said new county and said new county when created shall be a statutory county and subject to all general laws of this State applicable to the counties thereof
The county authorities of said new county shall have the right to create a debt for and on behalf of said county to defray the public expenses thereof for the first year without submitting the same to a vote of the qualified voters thereof
Said new county when created shall be entitled to one representative in the Lower House of the General Assembly of Georgia and the membership of said House shall be increased by one so as to admit of representation therein for said new county
The General Assembly is authorized to correct any mistake or mistakes or inaccuracies in reference to the boundaries of said new county
Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this Constitution there shall be a new county laid out and created from the territory now comprising the Counties of Pike and Monroe to be made up and composed of all of that part of the territory of the Counties of Pike and Monroe described and contained within the boundaries as follows
Beginning at the northwest corner of land lot 185 adjoining Spalding and Pike County line in the 2nd district of Pike County and running along land lot lines southward to northwest corner of land lot 75 in the 8th district Pike County Georgia thence west along land lot line between land lots 86 and 87 to the northwest corner of land lot 86 thence south along line between land lots 86 and 107 to northwest corner of land lot 85 thence west along lines between land lots 107 and 108 to northwest corner land lot 108 thence south along land lot line to Upson County lines at southwest corner land lot 112 in 8th district Pike County
263
Georgia thence east along land lot lines between Pike and Upson to Pike and Monroe County lines at southeast corner land lot 113 in Pike County Georgia thence south along line between Upson and Monroe County to southwest corner of land lot 130 in 11th land district of Monroe County thence east along land lot line to southeast corner of land lot 28 in 11th district Monroe County and thence north along land lot line to northeast corner land lot 29 thence east along land lot lines to south corner of land lot 8 Monroe County Georgia 11th district and thence north along lings between land district 11 and 12 7 and 6 and 3 and 4 to Butts County line at northeast corner of land lot 247 in 3rd district of Monroe County Georgia thence west to northwest corner of land lot 138 Monroe County Georgia said land lot being in 3rd district Monroe County thence southward along present county lines between Counties of Monroe and Spalding to present Pike County line thence west along county line between Counties of Spalding and Pike to beginning point on northwest corner of lot of land 185 in the 2nd district of Pike County Georgia the present county lines between Monroe and Butts Monroe and Spalding Pike and Spalding being the northern boundary line of the proposed County of Lamar t
That the said new county shall be known as the County of Lamar and the City of Barnesville shall be the new county site of the same
That irrespective of other provisions of this Constitution said County of Lamar shall upon its creation be entitled to one representative in the House of Representatives of this State and said County of Lamar shall be entitled to one representative in the House of Representatives of Georgia until the apportionment shall be changed by law in accordance with the provisions of this Constitution
That the said County of Lamar shall be attached to the same Congressional District and to the same Judicial Circuit and to the same State Senatorial District as those to which the County of Pike is attached at the date of the ratification of this amendment
That all legal voters residing in the County of Lamar entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Wednesday in January following the ratification of this proposed amendment elect a Representative in the House of Representatives of this State and an ordinary a clerk of the Superior Court a sheriff a coroner a tax collector a tax receiver a county treasurer and a county surveyor Said special election shall be held at the several election precincts existing within the limits of said Lamar County at the time of the adoption of this amendment and the Ordinary of Pike County shall appoint election managers for such election precincts as may be located in Pike County at the time of the adoption of this proposed amendment and the Ordinary of Monroe county shall appoint election managers for such precincts as may be located in Monroe county at the time of the adoption of this proposed amendment On the day succeeding the holding of said
264
election the election managers shall meet at the Council Chamber of the Mayor and City Council of the City of Barnes ville and consolidate the vote for the officers named and the general laws of this State now in force as to elections consolidation of votes the return of the election and the commission of officers shall be applicable to the officers elected at the election herein provided for The officers elected at said election and the Representative in the House of Representatives shall hold their offices until the next general election for such officers throughout the State and until their successors are elected and qualified The General Assembly is hereby given power to create any additional statutory offices in said county or statutory courts therein and to provide for filling said offices Any vacancies that may occur before the next general election after the elections as herein provided may be filled in th same manner as such vacancies are now filled under the law The Justices of the Peace and the Constables residing in the territory included within the limits of said County of Lamar shall exercise the duties and powers of their offices until new militia districts are laid out in said County of Lamar as now provided by law and the Justices of the Peace and the Constables elected therefor
That the Superior Courts of said Lamar County shall be held on the first Monday in March and the first Monday in September of each year
That the Congressional and Senatorial districts the Judicial Circuit to which the said Lamar County is attached the times of holding the terms of the Superior Court and the limits of the county shall be as designated above until changed by law
Provided That the laws applicable to the organization of new counties as found in Sections 829 to 848 inclusive of the Code of 1910 of Georgia and any other Acts or sections having applicability are hereby made applicable to said County of Lamar whenever the same may be created by the proposed amendment to the Constitution and that said new county when created shall become a statutory county and shall be subject to all laws applicable to all other counties of the State
That the property of all taxpayers included within the limits of the said Lamar county as hereinbefore designated is hereby made ratably chargeable with any debt that may have been incurred by either of the counties from which the territory included in the new County of Lamar is taken by the legally constituted authorities of the counties for the purpose of raising revenues for the benefit of either of said counties whether the said debt is a bonded debt or one which has been incurred for the benefit in any way for either of said counties The value of the taxable property included within the limits of said County of Lamar at the time of the adoption of this amendment to the Constitution in proportion to the value of the property in the counties from which the said County of Lamar is taken shall determine the proportionate amount of the indebtedness which shall be borne by the property of the taxpayers lpcated within the limits of said proposed new county
265
Authority is hereby givejn to the Ordinary of the said County of Lamar and to the officers of the counties from which said territory is taken who are charged with the management of the business of said counties to settle and agree upon an amount of the said indebtedness that shall be assessed against and paid by the said County of Lamar and it is hereby made the duty of the Ordinary of the said County of Lamar when the amount of indebtedness with which the said County of Lamar is chargeable is so ascertained to cause a tax to be levied upon all of the property within the limits of said County of Lamar sufficient to pay off and discharge the proportionate part of the indebtedness due by the said Lamar county
In the event of the failure or refuisal of the Ordinary of Lamar county to levy such tax it shall be the duty of the Judge of the Superior Court of the Circuit to which said County of Lamar is attached to compel the Ordinary of the said County of Lamar to perform the duty herein required of him In the event of the failure of the authorities of the counties from which the said Lamar county is created and the Ordinary of said Lamar county to ascertain and agree upon the amount of said indebtedness then either of said counties may bring a suit against the said County of Lamar in the Superior Court of said County of Lamar for the purpose of haVing the proportion of said debt so assumed by the said County of Lamar ascertained and the said Superior Court is hereby given power to enforce whatever judgment may be had as to the result of such trial by compelling the Ordinary of said Lamar county to levy a tax sufficient for the payment of the indebtedness found to be due by the County of Lamar cause the same to be collected and paid to the constituted authorities of the county or counties from which said Lamar county is created entitled to receive the same
It is specially provided that all ad valorem and all other special taxes and all other revenues realized for the year in which this amendment is adopted or ratified by the qualified voters of this State shall be applied to any indebtedness except bonded indebtedness due and owing by either of the said counties from which the said Lamar County is created it being the purpose of this provision to fix the basis of settlement between the counties involved upon their financial condition on the 31st day of December next following the ratification of this amendment
That in addition to the counties now provided for by the Constitution as heretofore amended there shall be a new county known as Long laid out from the County of Liberty bounded as follows towit
Beginning at a point on the Altamaha River where the same is intersected by the county line between Liberty and McIntosh counties thence northeast and north along the aforesaid county line between McIntosh and Liberty to intersection thereof with South Newport River and to the northwest corner of McIntosh County at the point where said Liberty and McIntosh line is nearest the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad s main line thence a straight line northwestward to the main line of the Atlantic Coast
266
Line Railroad at a point onehalf mile southwest of said railroads depot at Lambert Georgia Post Office and Walthourville Station thence due north a straight line to the Walthourville and Smiley public road north of Lambert Georgia thence northwestward a straight line to a point in the Ludowici and Hinesville public road three hundred 300 yards north of the residence of W H Devereaux in the 1756th G M district of Liberty County thence northwestward a straight line to a point on the Roderick and Hinesville public road where same is intersected by the Walthourville public road from the southeast thence west along the center of said Roderick and Hinesville public road a short distance to where the Walthourville public road leaves same towards the northwest thence northwestward along the center of said Walthourville public road past Gum Branch Post Office old site to intersection thereof with the Savannah public road or Beards Bluff public road about one and oneeighth 1 18 miles east of the Cross Roads School House thence west along the center of said Savannah public road or Beards Bluff public road to where said Walthourville public road leaves same going northwest thence along the center of said Walthourville public road to intersection of same with the Moody Bridge public road thence northwards along the center of said Moody Bridge public road to the point where same crosses the Savannah and Southern Railroad right of way at Strain on said railroad and to the north line of said right of way thence westward along the north line of the Savannah and Southern Railroad right of way to the first public road crossing at Lida depot on said railroad thence westward along center of public road from Lida past Bear Branch School House to forks of said public road and thence along the center of the northwest fork thereof in a northwesterly direction to where said public road crosses the Liberty and Tattnall County line near by and east of Hampton School House thence southwards and south along the county line between Liberty and Tattnall to the Altamaha River and to the line between Liberty and Wayne counties thence southeast along the channel of said Altamaha river and along the county line between Liberty and Wayne to point of beginning
The county site of said county shall be the Town of Ludowici Georgia
Said county shall be attached to the 1st Congressional District to the Atlantic Judicial Circuit and to the 2nd Senatorial District until changed by the General Assembly of Georgia
Terms of Superior Court in said county shall be held on first Mondays in March and September in each year until changed by the General Assembly
Justices of the Peace and Constables cut off into the new county shall exercise the duties and powers of their offices until new militia districts are laid out in said new county as provided by law and until their successors are elected and qualified
The voters of said new county qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Wednes
267
day in December 1920 elect an ordinary clerk of Superior Court sheriff coroner tax collector tax receiver county surveyor county treasurer representative and county school superintendent who shall hold office until the next general election for county officers shall be held in the State of Georgia and until their successors are elected and qualified said election shall be held at the usual voting places heretofore established within the territory of said new county and shall be conducted in the manner now prescribed by law for holding elections for county officers and the officers elected therein shall qualify give bond and take oath as prescribed by law and enter upon the discharge of their respective duties on the first day of January 1921
The provision of Sections 829 to 848 inclusive of the Code are hereby made applicable to said new county and said county when created shall be a statutory county and subject to all general laws applicable to counties of this State
The county authorities of said new county shall have the right to create a debt for and on behalf of said county to defray the public expenses thereof for the first year without submitting the same to a vote of the qualified voters thereof
Said new county when created shall be entitled to one Representative in the Lower House of the General Assembly of Georgia and the membership of the said House shall be increased by one so as to admit of representation therein for said new county
That in addition to the counties now provided for by the Constitution as heretofore amended there shall be a new county to be known as Seminole laid jout from the Counties of Decatur and Early bounded as follows towit Beginning at the southwest corner of the State of Georgia running thence eastward along the line between Georgia and Florida to the mouth qf the Flint River thence up the channel of Flint River to the mouth of Spring Creek thence northward up the western bank of Spring Creek to land lot number one hundred and thirtyone No 131 in the 21st district of Decatur County at a point opposite a public road known as Rhodes Ferry Road and thence west to a point onehalf mile distant from the west bank of Spring Creek and thence northward along a line parallel with and onehalf mile distant from the west bank of Spring Creek to the south line of Miller County thence west along the south line of Miller County to the southwest corner of Miller County thence west along the south line of Early County to the line between Georgia and Alabama thence southward along the State line between Georgia and Alabama to the southwest corner of the State of Georgia and the line between Alabama and Florida continuing southward along the State line between Georgia and Florida to the southwest corner of the State of Georgia the point of beginning
The county site of said county shall be the Town of Donalsonville Georgia
268
Said county shall be attached to the 2nd Congressional District to the Pataula Judicial Circuit and the 8th Senatorial District until changed by the General Assembly of Georgia
Terms of Superior Court in said county shall be held on the third Mondays in February June and October in each year until changed by the General Assembly
Justices of the Peace and Constables cut off into the new county shall exercise the duties arid powers of their offices until new militia districts are laid out in said riew county as provided by law and until their successors are elected and qualified
The voters of said new county qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Wednesday in December 1920 elect an ordinary clerk of the Superior Court sheriff coroner tax collector tax receiver county surveyor county treasurer representative and county school superintendent who shall hold office until the next general election for county officers shall be held in the State of Georgia and until their successors are elected and qualified Said election shall be held at the usual voting places heretofore established within the territory of said new county and shall be conducted in the manner now prescribed by law for holding elections for county officers and the officers elected therein shall qualify give bond and take oath as prescribed by law and enter upon the discharge of their respective duties on the 1st day of January 1921
The provisions of Sections 829 to 848 inclusive of the Code are hereby made applicable to said new county and said new county when created shall be a statutory county and subject to all general laws applicable to counties of this State
The county authorities of said new county shall have the right to create a debt for and on behalf of said county to defray the public expenses thereof for the first year without submitting the same to a vote of the qualified voters thereof
Said new county when created shall be entitled to one Representative in the Lower House of the General Assembly of Georgia and the membership of the said House shall be increased by one so as to admit of representation therein for said new county
Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this Constitution there shall be a new county laid out and created from the territory now composing Houston and Macon counties to be made up and composed of all that part of the territory of Houston and Macon counties described and contained within the boundaries as follows
Beginning at the point where the Counties of Bibb Houston and Crawford corner running thence along the line between the Counties of Houston and Crawford to the point where the Counties of Houston Crawford and Macon corner thence in a southwesterly direction along the lirie
269
between the Counties of Crawford and Macon to the middle of the run of Flint River thence in a southerly direction along the middle of the run of Flint River to the southern line of fractional lot number 151 in the 8th district of Macon County thence east along the southern line of lots 151 138 and 119 to the southwest corner of lot number 106 in the 8th district of Macon County thence north along the western line of lot number 106 to the southwest corner of lot number 105 in the 8th district of Macon County thence east along the south line of lots 105 and 88 to the northwest corner of lot 74 in the 8th district of Macon County thence south along the western line of lot 74 to the southwest corner of lot 74 thence east along the southern line of lots 74 55 42 and 23 to the southwest corner of lot number 10 in the 8th district of Macon County thence north along the west line of lot number 10 to where said western line intersects with the public road leading west from the Dixie Highway between Marshallville and Fort Valley to the old Neil plantation thence along the said public road to the center of the said Dixie Highway leading from Marshallville to Fort Valley thence in a southerly direction along the center of said Dixie Highway to the south line of the property of D C Strother and C Z McArthur in lot 13 in the 8th district of Macon County thence east along the said south line of the property of D C Strother and C Z McArthur to the western line of lot 253 in the 9th district of Macon County thence north along the western line of lots 253 and 252 to the southwest corner of lot number 251 in the 9th district of Macon County thence east along the south line of lots 251 and 230 to the middle of the run of Big Indian Creek thence in a generally southeasterly direction along the middle of the run of Big Indian Creek to the point where the western line of lot 96 in the 9th district of Houston County intersects the run of Big Indian Creek thence south along the western line of lots 96 and 11 in the 9th district of Houston County and lot 22 in the 14 district of Houston County to the northern line of the public road leading from Marshallville to Perry thence east along the northern line of the public road leading from Marshallville to Perry to the western line of the public road leading from Small Academy to Fort Valley via Norwood Springs thence north along the western line of the public road leading from Small Academy to Fort Valley via Norwood Springs to the southwest corner of lot 12 in the 9th district of Houston County thence east along the south line of lots 12 and 13 to the southwest corner of lot 14 in the 9th district of Houston County thence north along the western line of lots 14 33 34 35 36 and 37 in the 9th district of Houston County to the southwest corner of lot 38 in the 9th district of Houston County thence east along the south line of lot 38 to the southwest corner of lot 27 thence north along the west line of lots 27 and 26 to the southwest corner of lot 25 thence east along the southern line of lot 25 to the northwest corner of lot 7 in the 9th district of Houston County thence south along the western line of lot 7 to the southwest corner of lot 7 thence east along the south line of lot 7 in the 9th district and lots 10 and 23 in the 10th district of Houston County to the southwest corner of lot 42 in
270
the 10th district of Houston County thence north along the western line of lots 42 41 and 40 in the 10th district of Houston County to the run of Mossy Creek thence southeasterly along the run of Mossy Creek to the bridge over said Mossy Creek on the National Highway in Houston County and to the western line of the National Highway thence north along the western line of the National Highway to the south line of lot 69 in the 5th district of Houston County thence west along the southern line of said lot number 69 to the southwest corner thereof thence north along the western line of lots numbered 69 70 and 71 to the southwest corner of lot number 72 in the 5th district of Houston County thence west along the southern line of lot number 59 to the southwest corner of lot number 59 thence north along the western line of lots numbered 59 and 58 to the southwest corner of lot 57 in the 5th district of Houston County thence east along the southern line of lots numbered 57 and 74 to the western line of the National Highway thence north along the western line of the National Highway to the run of Echeeconnee Creek which is the dividing line between Bibb and Houston counties thence west along the line between the Counties of Houston and Bibb to the point where Houston Bibb and Crawford corner same being the point or place of beginning
That the said new county shall be known as Peach County and the City of Fort Valley shall be the county site of the same
That irrespective of other provisions of this Constitution said Peach County shall upon its creation be entitled to one Representative in the House of Representatives of this State and said Peach County shall be entitled to oiie Representative in the House of Representatives of Georgia until the apportionment shall be changed by law in accordance with the provisions of this Constitution
That the said Peach County shall be attached to the same congressional district and to the same judicial circuit and to the same State Senatorial district as those to which the County of Houston is attached at the date of the ratification of this amendment
That all legal voters residing in the limits of Peach County entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the Laws of Georgia shall on the first Wednesday in January following the ratification of this proposed amendment elect a Representative in the House of Representatives of this State and an ordinary a clerk of the Superior Court a sheriff a coroner a tax collector a tax receiver a county treasurer and a county surveyor Said special election shall be held at the several election precincts existing within the limits of said Peach county at the time of the adoption of this proposed amendment and the ordinary of Houston County shall appoint managers for such election precincts as may be located in Houston County at the time of the adoption of this proposed amendment On the day succeeding the holding of said election the election managers shall meet at the council chamber of the Mayor and Council of the City of
271
Fort Valley and consolidate the vote for the officers named and the general laws of this State now in force as to elections consolidation of the votes the return of the election and the commission of officers shall be applicable to the officers elected at the election herein provided for The officers elected at said election and the Representative in the House of Representatives shall hold their offices until the next general election for such officers throughout the State and until their successors are elected and qualified The General Assembly is hereby given power to create any additional statutory offices in said county or statutory courts therein and to provide for filling said offices Any vacancies that may occur before the next general election after the elections as herein provided may be filled in the same manner as such vacancies are now filled under the law The justices of the peace and constables residing in the territory included within the limits of said Peach County shall exercise the duties and powers of their offices until new militia districts are laid out in said Peach County and justices of the peace and constables thereof elected
That the Superior Courts of said Peach County shall be held on the first Monday in March and the first Monday in September of each year
That the congressional and senatorial districts the judicial circuit to which said Peach County is attached the time of holding the terms of the Superior Court and the limits of the county shall be as designated above until changed by law
Provided that the laws applicable to the organization of new counties as found in Sections 829 to 848 inclusive of the Code of 1910 of Georgia and in any other Acts or sections having applicability are hereby made applicable to said Peach County whenever the same may be created by the proposed amendment to the Constitution and that said county when created shall become a statutory county and shall be subject at all times to all laws applicable to all other counties of this State
That the property of all taxpayers included within the limits of said Peach County as herein above designated is hereby made ratably chargeable with any debt that may have been incurred by either of the counties from which the territory included in the new Peach County is taken by the legally constituted authorities of the counties for the purpose of raising revenues for the benefit of either of said counties whether the said debt is a bonded debt or one which has been incurred for the benefit in any way of either of said counties The value of the taxable property included within the limits of said Peach County at the time of the adoption of this amendment to the Constitution in proportion to the value of the property in the counties from which the said Peach County is taken shall determine the proportionate amount of the indebtedness which shall be borne by the property of the tax payers located within the limits of said proposed Peach County
Authority is hereby given the ordinary of said Peach County and to the officers of the counties from which said territory is taken who are charged
272
with the management of the business of said counties to settle and agree upon an amount of said indebtedness that shall be assessed against and paid by the said Peach County and it is hereby made the duty of the ordinary of the said Peach County when the amount of said indebtedness with which the said Peach County is chargeable is so ascertained to cause a tax to be levied upon all the property within the limits of the said Peach County sufficient to pay off and discharge the proportionate part of the indebtedness due by said Peach County
In the event of the failure or refusal of the ordinary of Peach County to levy such a tax it shall be the duty of the Judge of the Superior Court of the circuit to which the said Peach County is attached to compel the ordinary of said Peach County to perform the duty herein required of him In the event of the failure of the authorities of the counties from which the said Peach County is created and the ordinary of the said Peach County to ascertain and agree upon the amount of said indebtedness then either of said counties may bring a suit against the said County of Peach in the Superior Court of Peach County for the purpose of having the proportion of said debt so assumed by the said Peach County ascertained and the said Superior Court is hereby given authority and power to enforce whatever judgment may be had as the result of such trial by compelling the ordinary of said Peach County to levy a tax sufficient for the payment of the indebtedness found to be due by the said Peach County cause the same to be collected and paid to the constituted authorities of the county or counties from which said Peach County is created entitled to receive the same
It is especially provided that all ad valorem and special taxes and all other revenues realized for the year in which this amendment is adopted or ratified by the qualified voters of this State shall be applied to any indebtedness except bonded indebtedness due and owing by either of the counties from which the said Peach County is created it being the purpose of this provision to fix the basis of settlement between the counties involved upon their financial condition on the 31st day of December next following the ratification of this amendment
A The General Assembly shall have the power to consolidate and combine all governmental functions and powers now vested in and exercised by cities and municipalities having a population of more than 52900 according to the Federal Census of 1920 with the governmental functions and powers now vested in and exercised by the authorities of the county in which such cities or municipalities are situated to create designate and give a name to political subdivisions composed of the entire area of such counties to vest in and confer upon such subdivisions such authority and power as may be conferred upon municipalities or counties or both under existing laws to abolish any and all offices now existing under the charters of any such municipalities and also to abolish the offices of tax collectors and tax receivers in any such counties to create new offices for purpose of exercising and carrying out the powers to be vested
273
in such political subdivisions and powers and duties formerly appertaining to such offices so abolished add the powers and duties formerly exercised by such counties and such municipalities all without regard to the uniformity of the powers duties and compensation appertaining to the offices so created in other municipalities other counties or other political subdivisons hereby authorized to divide such political subdivisions into districts to fix a maximum rate of ad valorem taxation to be levied by authority of such political subdivisions within the various districts without regard to the uniformity of the rate also to consolidate and combine any and all school systems and school districts now existing in any such cities or municipalities and counties into one system covering the entire area of the counties to be governed and controlled under the provisions of the Act creating the political subdivisions hereby authorized regardless of the method of control of schools or school systems in other counties or municipalities
The powers herein granted shall not be extended to cities municipalities or towns and cities and towns and municipalities the corporate limits of which are included within more than one county nor shall said powers herein granted be extended to the counties in which said cities or towns or municipalities and cities and towns and municipalities are located
The General Assembly in exercising the powers herein conferred may include in the Act or law any one or more of the powers or provisions herein enumerated and may exclude therefrom any one or more of the powers or provisions enumerated
This provision of the Constitution shall not be construed to empower the General Assembly to create new counties nor to affect or change the representatives of any county in the General Assembly nor shall it be construed to authorize the General Assembly to abolish the offices of clerk of the Superior Court ordinary sheriff or coroner in any of the counties affected by this Act said office being expressly hereby preserved
The General Assembly shall not change or abolish any county nor the name thereof which may be affected hereby and in naming the consolidated subdivisions in each case the names of the municipality or municipalities and of the county shall be combined so as to preserve them
The General Assembly shall create such political subdivisions by special act or law relating to a particular subdivision but no such act or law shall have any force or effect until the same shall have been ratified by a vote of a majority of the qualified voters voting at a special election in such county to be held not earlier than sixty days after the final passage and approval by the Governor of any such act provided however that the people within the corporate limits of municipalities affected and the people of the county affected outside of the corporate limits shall vote separately and before the Act shall go in effect a majority of those voting in the municipalities separately If more than one municipality is affected a majority of those voting outside of said municipality or municipalities shall vote in favor of said Act
274
Par III County lines shall not be changed unless under the operation of a general law for that purpose
Par IV No county site shall be changed or renewed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the county voting at an election held for that purpose and a twothirds vote of the General Assembly
Par V Any county may be dissolved and merged with contiguous counties by a twothirds vote of the qualified electors of such county voting at an election held for that purpose
Paragraph VI The governing authorities of the County of Glynn and of the County of McIntosh shall have authority to establish and administer within the bounds of their respective counties districts for special sanitation fire prevention police protection or building and improving roads and to carry out the purposes of such establishment they shall have authority to levy taxes upon the taxable property in said respective districts to issue bonds of such districts upon a vote of the qualified voters of such districts and under the rules of law governing the issuance of county bonds and to levy assessments against and collect service charges from the property abutting upon or served by the utilities established or provided pursuant hereto Provided that districts in McIntosh County may issue bonds net exceeding 14 of the value of the taxable property therein
Section II
Paragraph I The county officers shall be elected by the qualified voters of their respective counties or districts and shall hold their office for four years They shall be removed on conviction for malpractice in office and no person shall be eligible to any of the offices referred to in this paragraph unless he shall have been a resident of the county for two years and is a qualified voter Provided that the provision of this proposed amendment shall not become effective until January 1st 1917
Section III
Paragraph I Whatever tribunal or officers may hereafter be created by the General Assembly for the transaction of county matters shall be uniform throughout the State and of the same name jurisdiction and remedies except that the General Assembly may provide for the appointment c f commissioners of Roads and Revenues in any county and may abolish the office of County Treasurer in any county or fix the compensation of County Treasurer and such compensation may be fixed without regard to uniformity of such compensation in the various counties And the General Assembly shall also have authority to consolidate the offices and duties of Tax Receiver and Tax Collector in any or all of the counties of the State the official performing the duties of said two offices when so consolidated to be hnowp as County Tax Commissioner and the General Assembly may prescribe the compensation of such County Tax
275
Commissioner or authorize county authorities to fix the same which compensation may be on the basis of fees or salary and may be fixed without regard to uniformity in the various counties and when such compensation is fixed on a salary basis the authority fixing the same shall determine what disposition shall be made of the fees and commissions accruing to each of said offices so consolidated and to provide for the levy and collection of a tax sufficient to pay the salary so fixed
Section IV
Paragraph I The City of Atlanta shall be the Capital of the State until changed by the same authority and the same way that is provided for the alteration of this Constitution
ARTICLE XII
The Laws of General Operation in Force in This State Section I
Paragraph I The laws of general operation in this State are First as the supreme law The Constitution of the United States the laws of the United States in pursuance thereof and all treaties made under the authority of the United States
Par II Second as next in authority thereto this Constitution
Par III Third in subordination to the foregoing All laws now in force in this State not inconsistent with this Constitution and the ordinances of this Convention shall remain of force until the same are modified or repealed by the General Assembly The tax acts and appropriation acts passed by the General Assembly of 1877 and approved by the Governor of the State and not inconsistent with the Constitution are hereby continued in force until altered by law
Par IV Local and private acts passed for the benefit of counties cities towns corporations and private persons not inconsistent with the supreme law nor with this Constitution and which have not expired nor been repealed shall have the force of statute law subject to judicial decision as to their validity when passed and to any limitations imposed by their own terms
Par V All rights privileges and immunities which may have vested in or accrued to any person or persons or corporations in his her or their own right or in any fiduciary capacity under and in virtue of any act of the General Assembly or any judgment decree or order or other proceeding of any court of competent jurisdiction in this State heretofore rendered shall be held inviolate by all courts before which they may be brought in question unless attacked for fraud
Par VI All judgments decrees orders and other proceedings of the several courts of this State heretofore made within the limits of their
276
several jurisdictions are hereby ratified and affirmed subject only to reversal by motion for a new trial appeal bill of review or other proceeding in conformity with the law of force when they were made
Par VII The officers of the government now existing shall continue in the exercise of their several functions until their successors are duly elected or appointed and qualified but nothing herein is to apply to any officer whose office may be abolished by this Constitution
Par VIII The ordinances of this Convention shall have the force of laws until otherwise provided by the General Assembly except the ordinances in reference to submitting the homestead and Capital question to a vote of the people which ordinances after being voted on shall have the effect of constitutional provisions
ARTICLE XIII
Amendments to the Constitution
Section I
Paragraph I Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed in the Senate or House of Representatives and if the same shall be agreed to by twothirds of the members elected to each of the two houses such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on their journals with the yeas and nays taken thereon And the General Assembly shall cause such amendment or amendments to be published in one or more newspapers in each Congressional district for two months previous to the time of holding the next general election an shall also provide for a submission of such proposed amendment or amendments to the people at said next gene al election and if the people shall ratify such amendment or amendments by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment or amendments shall become a part of this Constitution When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately
Par II No convention of the people shall be called by the General Assembly to revise amend or change this Constitution unless by the concurrence of twothirds of all the members of each house of the General Assembly The representation in said convention shall be based on population as near as practicable
Section II
Paragraph I The Constitution shall be submitted for ratification or rejection to the electors of the State at an election to be held on the first Wednesday in December one thousand eight hundred and seventyseven in the several election districts of this State at which election every
277
person shall be entitled to vote who is entitled to vote for the members of the General Assembly under the constitution and laws of force at the date of such election said election to be held and conducted as is now provided by law for holding elections for members of the General Assembly All persons voting at said election in favor of adopting the Constitution shall write or have printed on their ballots the words For Ratification and all persons opposed to the adoption of this Constitution shall write or have printed on their ballots the words Against Ratification
Par II The votes cast at said election shall be consolidated in each of the counties of the State as is now required by law in elections for members of the General Assembly and returns thereof made to the Governor and should a majority of all the votes cast at said election be in favor of ratification he shall declare the said Constitution adopted and make proclamation of the result of said election by publication in one or more newspapers in each Congressional district of the State but should a majority of the votes cast be against ratification he shall in the same manner proclaim the said Constitution rejected
STATE CAPITAL
Be it ordained by the people of Georgia in Convention assembled
1 That the question of the location of the capital of this State be kept out of the Constitution to be adopted by this Convention
2 That at the first general election hereafter held for members of the General Assembly every voter may indorse on his ballot Atlanta or Milledge ville and the one of these places receiving the largest number of votes shall be the capital of the State until changed by the same authority and in the same way that may be provided for the alteration of the Constitution that may be adopted by the Convention whether said Constitution be ratified or rejected And that every person entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the present Constitution and laws of this State shall be entitled to vote under this ordinance and in the event of the rejection of said Constitution shall should a majority of votes cast be in favor of Milledgeville then this provision to operate and take effect as an amendment to the present Constitution
HOMESTEAD
Be it ordained by the people of Georgia in Convention assembled and it is hereby ordained by authority of the same
1 That the article adopted by the Convention on the subject of homestead and exemption shall not form a part of this Constitution except as hereinafter provided
A tbe election held for the ratification or rejection of this Constitution it shall be lawful for each voter to have written or printed on Veto tHe Wrds Hstead of 1877 or the words Homestead of
lOOO
3 In the event that a majority of the ballots so cast have indorsed upon them the words Homestead of 1877 then said article so adopted by this Convention shall form a part of the Constitution submitted if the same is ratified but in event that said Constitution so submitted shall not be ratified then the article on homestead and exemptions so adopted as aforesaid by this Convention shall supersede Article Seven of the Constitution of 1868 on the subject of homestead and exemptions and form a part of this Constitution
4 If a majority of the ballots so cast as aforesaid shall have indorsed upon them the words Homestead of 1868 then Article Seventh of the Constitution of 1868 shall supersede the article on homestead and exemptions adopted by this Convention and shall be incorporated in and form a part of the Constitution so submitted and ratified
JUDICIAL CIRCUITS
There shall be sixteen judicial circuits in this State and it shall be the duty of the General Assembly to organize and proportion the same m such manner as to equalize the business and labor of the judges in said
TTiu CirCUlts as far as may be practicable But the General Assembly shall have power hereafter to reorganize increase or diminish the number of circuits Provided however that the circuits shall remain as now organized until changed by law
SIGNING AND RATIFICATION
Be it ordained by the people oj Georgia in Convention assembled
jThtt the Constltution as adopted and revised be enrolled and signed by the officers and members of this Convention
2 That the Governor shall issue his proclamation ordering an election for members of the General Assembly and a vote upon the ratification or rejection of this Constitution as herein provided and a vote upon the capital and homestead questions as provided by the ordinances 01 this Convention
Read and adopted in Convention August 25th 1877
Attest C J JENKINS
President Constitutional Convention JAMES COOPER NISBET Secretary
279
VOID BONDS NOT TO BE PAID
Neither the General Assembly nor any other authority or officer of this State shall ever have power to pay or recognize as legal or in any spnsff valid or binding upon the State any direct bonds or currency bonds gold bonds or the States alleged guaranty or indorsement of any railroad bonds or any other bonds guaranties or indorsements heretofore declared to be illegal fraudulent or void by act or resolution of the legislature of the State or that may be declared illegal fraudulent or void by act or resolution of the legislature originating this amendment viz The State gold bonds issued under the Act of October 17th 1870 in aid of the Brunswick and Albany Railroad Company the currency bonds issued under the Act of August 27th 1870 the quarterly gold bonds issued under the Act of September 15th 1870 which are enumerated in the Act of August 23rd 1872 the indorsement of the State upon the bonds of the Brunswick and Albany Railroad Company made under the Act of March 18th 1869 the indorsement of the State upon the bonds of the Cartersville and Van Wert Railroad Company and of the Cherokee Railroad Company the indorsement of the State upon the bonds of the Bainbridge Cuthbert and Columbus Railroad Company and all other bonds guaranties or indorsements declared illegal fraudulent or void as herein provided Nor shall any General Assembly ever have power to provide for the reindorsement of such railroad bonds or to place the States guaranty upon the same or to provide for the indorsement or guaranty by the State of any new bonds issued in lieu of or to pay off or retire such railroad bonds by any railroad company or to issue bonds of the State to such railroad companies or other persons in payment or in lieu of such indorsed bonds or other bonds herein declared illegal or to lend the aid or credit of the State by any act resolution or law to such railroad companies or to other incorporated companies or persons acquiring or succeeding to the rights and franchises of said companies or to buy the railroads of such companies or to submit the question of the liability of the State upon any of the bonds or indorsements upon bonds or other guaranty herein declared illegal fraudulent and void or upon any claim for money advanced upon said bonds indorsements or guaranties or expended by said companies or other person in and about the construction of said railroads to the decision of any court tribunal or person whatever or to pay assume or secure directly or indirectly by any act resolution or law any money advanced or claimed to have been advanced on the bonds indorsements or guaranties herein declared invalid
280
INDEX
to the
CONSTITUTION OF GEORGIA
NoteReference in the Index are made to the Article Section and Paragraph of the provision referred to the original division of the instrument being strictly followed
A
Absent members of Legislature attendance of compelled
Abuse under arrest or in prison prohibited
Of liberty of speech or press responsibility for
Academy incorporated exempt from taxation
Acceptors suits against where tried
Account of Treasurer to be published quarterly
Accusation copy to be furnished defendant on demand
Acts amending or repealing must describe the law affected
Local and private authority of
Must be signed by President of Senate and Speaker of House
Requiring twothirds voteyeas and nays must be recorded
Adjournment of Legislature be less than a majority
Consent of both Houses required when
Houses failing to agree Governor may adjourn them
Resolutions of not submitted to Governor
Ad valorem Tax on property shall be
Aged and infirm persons entitled to Homestead
Aid of State to any religious denomination prohibited
To any person or corporation by lending credit or taking stock
prohibited
To any person or corporation by donation or gratuity prohibited
Aid of County or City to person or corporation prohibited
Amendments to Appropriation and Revenue bills by Senate
To Constitution
To statute or code form of amendment act
Animals special tax may be imposed on vicious ones
Appeal from one jury to another in Superior and City Courts
From Ordinary to Superior Court
From Justice of the Peace to Jury or Superior Court
Appellate Jurisdiction of the Superior Court
Appointment of Legislator to another office prohibited
By Governor to fill vacancies
Rejected by Senate effect of
Of State School Commissioner1
Apportionment of Representatives how changed
Appropriation Acts authority of
Bills general and speciaL
Bills must originate in House of Representatives
Bills yeas and nays must be recorded on
Bills may be approved in part
Necessary to authorize payment by Treasurer5
For University of Georgia and College for colored pupils
A S P
3 4 4
1 1 9
1 1 15
7 2 2
6 16 5
3 7 11
1 1 5
3 7 17
12 1 4
3 7 13
3 7 21
3 4 4
3 7 24
3 7 24
5 1 17
7 2 1
9 1 1
1 1 14
7 5 1
7 16 1
7 6 1
3 7 10
13 1 1
3 7 17
7 2 1
6 4 6
6 6 1
6 7 2
6 4 4
3 4 7
5 1 14
5 1 15
8 2 1
3 3 2
12 1 3
3 7 9
3 7 10
3 7 12
5 1 16
3 7 11
8 6 1
281
A S P
Approval of Governor to Bills 5 1 16
Of Governor to Resolutions and Orders 5 1 17
Arms right of citizens to bearmanner of bearing 1 1 22
Army of the State Governor is Commander of 6 1 11
Arrest abuse under prohibited 119
Punishment for rescue from under order either House 3 7 2
Privilege of Elector from 2 3 1
Privilege of member Legislature from 3 7 3
Artificial limbs for Confederate soldiers 7 11
Assemble right of people to do so guaranteed 1 1 24
Associate Justice of Supreme Court6 2 1
Atlanta City Court of errors corrected in Supreme Court 6 2 6
Attainder bill of prohibited 1 3 2
Attendance of members of the Legislature compelled 3 4 4
Attendance of members of Legislature privileges during 3 7 3
Attorney right to defend or prosecute by 1 1 4
Right of Defendant in criminal cases to have 115
General election of 6 10 1
General duties 6 10 2
General salary 6 13 1
General qualifications 6 14
Authority of Constitution treaties laws judgments etc 12 1
B
Bail shall not be excessive 1 19
Ballot election by the people shall be by 2 1 1
Banishment beyond the State prohibited 11 7
Banks may be incorporated by the Legislature 3 7 18
Bequests may be received by the University df Georgia 8 6 1
Bills a number of readings necessary before passage 3 7 7
Majority of all members in favor of necessary to passage 3 7 14
Rejected not again proposed without consent of twothirds 3 7 13
Appropriation and Revenue must originate in House 3 7 10
Appropriations general and special requisites of 3 7 9
Appropriations must be passed by yeas and nays 3 7 12
Revision of by Governor Vetohow overruled 5 1 16
See Local Bills also Acts
Bond required of Secretary of Senate and Clerk of House 3 8 1
Required of Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer 5 2 6
Required of Public Printer 7 17 1
Bonded debt not to be increased 7 12 1
Sale of States property to be applied to 7 13 1
Of county or city provisions for meeting 7 7 2
Bonds in cases involving an interested Judge cannot preside 6 2 3
Of State declared void not to be paid or submitted to suit 7 11 1
Of Western Atlantic Railroad paid by proceeds of Road 7 13 1
Boundaries of counties to remain as now till changed by law 11 1 1
Bribery Conviction of disqualifies for office or voting 2 2 1
Bridges established by the courts not Legislature 3 7 18
Bridges Ordinarys jurisdiction in matter of 6 6 2
Bridges taxation by county to keep up 7 6 2
Borrowing money by State laws for must specify purpose 7 4 1
Buildings public exempt from taxation 7 2 2
Public tax by county to maintain 7 6 2
Ordinarys jurisdiction 6 6 2
Burial places exempt from tax 7 2 2
282
c
A S P
Canal Companies may be incorporated by Legislature 3 7 18
Capitol location of ordinance concerning 12 1 8
Capitol site for may be donated to the State 7 6 1
Censure of members of Legislature for misconduct1 3 7 1
Certiorari writs of may be issued by Judge Superior Court 6 4 5
Challenge of voter oath to be administered 2 12
Conviction of sending or accepting disqualifies for office 2 4 2
Charitable institutions public exempt from taxation 7 2 2
Public aid from county or cityI 7 6 1
Charter of Corporations amended on conditions 4 2 3
Chief Justice of Supreme Court presides in impeachment trials
see Supreme Court 3 5 4
Children legitimatized and names changed by the courts 3 7 18
Church not to receive money from the State 1 1 14
Citizens of the State who are and right to protection 1 1 25
Of the State entitled to vote when 2 11
City aid by donation of taking stock prohibited 7 6 1
Consent before Street Railroad can be built in 3 7 20
Courts of the State need not be uniform 6 9 1
Court appeals and new trials in 6 4 6
Courts errors corrected in Supreme Courts 6 2 5
Court Judge may serve in Supreme Court when 6 5 1
Debt to be incurred by limited 7 7 1
Debt bonded provisions for meeting 7 7 2
Debt not to be assumed by State 7 8 1
Debt to be incurred only by authority of City Government 7 10 1
Public schools may be maintained by tax 8 4 1
Civil authority superior to the military 1 1 19
Cases where tried 6 16 6
Cases judgment by Court without jury when 6 4 7
Cases venue how changed 6 17 1
Jurisdiction of Superior Court 6 4 3
Jurisdiction of Justices Court 6 7 2
Clerical expenses of Treasurer Secretary of State and Comptroller
GeneralI5 22 34
Clerk of House of Representatives Compensation and Bond of 3 8 1
Clerks of the Governor 5 1 19
Code sections not amended or repealed by reference to numbers 3 7 17
Colleges exempt from taxation 7 2 2
For colored pupils 8 6 1
Colored pupils College forHs 8 6 1
Colored and white public schools to be separate 8 11
Commissioner of Schools appointed and salary of 8 2 1
Commissioners of county affairsauthorized 6 19 1
Commissioners of county affairs authorized 11 3 1
Committee on Local and Special bills 3 7 5
Common Law Courts may be clothed with equity jurisdiction 6 5 2
Common School Systemsee Education 8 1 1
Commutation power in the Governor 5 1 12
Tax for military services goes to Schools 8 3 1
Companies incorporation of 3 7 18
Volunteer military organization of 10 1 2
Compensation for private ways and public use of property 1 3 1
Of Clerk of House and Secretary of Senate 3 8 1
Of Jurors how fixed 6 18
Extra not granted officers or contractors 7 16 2

283
A S P
Competition arrangements by corporation to defeat void 4 2 4
ComptrollerGeneral must license Life Insurance companies 3 12 2
Supervise deposits of Life Insurance Companies 3 12 3
Officers of Executive Department 5 11
Examination suspension and discharge of 5 1 IS
Election ofi 5 2 1
Salary and Clerkshire lt 5 2 4
Eligibility and Bond of 5 2 6
Prequisites not allowed to 5 2 7
Must report to Governori 7 15 1
Confederate Soldiers pensions for 7 1 1
Public debt not to be paid 7 11 1
Conscience right of not to be controlled 1 1 12
Liberty of does not excuse licentiousness 1 1 13
Consent of parties to vary general law in individual cases 14 1
City to building Street Railroads within its limits 3 7 20
Constitution of Georgia may be altered or abolished by the people 15 1
Authority ofi 12 1 1
Amendments of 13 1
Amendments by Convention 13 1 2
To be submitted to the people 13 2 1
And United Stateslaws in violation of void 14 2
And United States authority of 12 1 1
Constitutional Convention provisions to call 13 1 2
Construction of Constitution not to deny rights not enumerated 1 5 5
Contempt limitation of Courts power to punish for 1 1 20
Either House of General Assembly may punish for 3 7 2
Contested Election for Governor 5 16
Contracts laws impairing obligation of void 13 2
By Government releasing power to tax void 4 11
By Government heretofore made not impaired 4 2 6
Between corporations defeat competition void 4 2 4
Judgments on without verdict when 6 4 7
Jurisdiction of Justices Court in cases of 6 7 2
Contractor not to receive extra compensation from Government 7 16 2
Conventionsee Constitutional Convention and Ordinances
Conviction costs not to be exacted of defendant until 1 1 10
Does not work corruption or forfeiture 1 2 3
Of certain offenses disfranchisei 2 2 1
Impeachment vote necessary 3 5 4
Dueling disqualifies for office 2 4 2
Copartners suits against where tried 6 16 4
Coroners County Tax to payi 7 6 2
Corporate powers what may be granted by Legislature 3 7 18
Corporators not to be damaged by revocation of charter 13 3
Corporations subject to police power and eminent domain 4 2 2
Legislation in favor of conditional 4 2 3
Acts of to defeat competition and monopolize void 4 2 4
Rights to tax not to be released 7 2 5
State not to take stock in aid or lend credit to 7 5 1
County or City not to take stock in aid or lend credit to 7 6 1
Donations to from State prohibited 7 16 1
Authority of rights already accrued to 12 1 5
Municipalsee City
Costs not payable by defendant till conviction 1 1 10
In Supreme Court 6 21 1
284
A S
County Commissioners may be created 6 19
1 n 3
Debt to be incurred by limited 7 7
Debt not to be assumed by State 7 8
Debt bonded provisions for meeting 7 7
Not to aid or take stock in Corporation 7 6
Public Schools may be maintained by 8 4
Matters Ordinarys jurisdiction 6 6
Officers election term qualification and removal 11 2
Officers and tribunals to be uniform in the State 11 3
Is a body corporate suits of and boundaries 11 1
New one not to be created 11 1
Lines and site how changedJ 11 1
Merger of 11 1
Special acts authority of 12 1
Corruption of blood not worked by conviction 1 2
Courts power to punish for contempt limited 1 1
Power in matters denied tp Legislature 3 7
Of the Stater 6 1
Not mentioned in Constitution may be abolished 6 20
Of Common Law may be vested with equity jurisdiction 6 4
Of same grade throughout State must be uniform 6 9
Courts tax to pay expenses of 7 6
Jurisdiction against Homestead denied 9 2
Authority of judgments and decrees of 12 1
Existing judgments and decrees of ratified 12 1
See also Supreme Superior City and Justice Courts
Credit of State not to be pledged to Corporations or persons 7 5
Creditors law to be provided for reaching concealed property of
debtor 1 2
Not to be damaged by revocation of Charter 1 3
Crime conviction in what cases disfranchises 2 2
Lobbying declared to be 1 5
Criminal cases Jury judges of law and factJ 1 2
Judge may grant new trial on conviction 1 2
Jurisdiction of Superior Court 6 4
Rights of defendant in 1 1
Where tried 6 16
Venue when changed 6 17
D
Damages jurisdiction of Justices Courts in cases of 6 7
Death of Governor vacancy how filled 5 1
Officer vacancy how filled 5 1
Debate liability of Legislators for words spoken in 3 7
Debts Public taxation to pay 7 1
Public new debt contracted to pay 7 3
Power of State to contract restricted 7 3
Of County taxation to pay 7 6
Power of City or County to Contract restricted 7 7
To be incurred by City only on authority of City Government 7 10
Of County or City not to be assumed by State 7 8
Void and Confederate against State not to be paid 7 11
Debtor Concealing Property provisions against 1 2
May waive Homestead 9 3
May waive Exemptions of the old Code 9 5
285
P
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
34
5
4
3
20
18
1
7
2
1
2
1
5
6
1
6
3
1
5
1
1
1
5
6
1
1
1
14
3
xl
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
6
1
1
Decrees of Court authority and ratification of
Defaulters of public moneys disqualified for Legislature
Defend or prosecute in person or by attorney right to
Defense under oath not filed Court to render judgment when
Of State debts may be contracted for
Deficiency of Revenue in State supplied by borrowing
Of Revenue in City and County supplied by borrowing
Deposits required of Insurance Companies
Of public funds Treasurer to receive no profit from
Disabilities may be removed by Governor
Discrimination in Tariff by Railroad regulated
Disorderly behavior in presence7 of Legislature punished
Disqualification to hold office or vote
Religious opinion is not
To hold office in more than one department
Of illegal holders of public money
Of duelists L
For Legislature and legislator to other office
Resulting from impeachment
Of Judge or Supreme Court who presides
Judge of Superior Court who presides
Judge of Superior Court when there is a City Judge
Of interested Judge in bond cases
District Senatorial number composition and change of
Divorce exclusive jurisdiction in Superior Court
First and second verdicts in cases of
Suits where tried
Domestic animals of vicious nature special tax on
Animals tax on goes to educational purposes
Donations by State prohibited
By State to University allowed
Drawer and Acceptor suits against where tried
Dueling conviction of disqualifies for office
E
Education Common School System established
Commissioner of Public Schools
Confined to English in local public schools
Confined to English in State public schools
Poll Tax for purpose of
Special Tax for purposes of
Taxation for purposes of by State
Taxation for purposes of by City or County
Appropriations for purposes of by City or County
Election by the people shall be by ballot
By the Legislature shall be viva voce1
Days furnishing Liquor on prohibitedL
Privileges of Electors while attending
Precincts changed by Courts not Legislature
Returns where made
Of members General Assembly
Members General Assembly each house to judge of
President of the Senate
Speaker of the House of Representatives
Governor
A S P
12 1 56
3 4 7
1 1 4
6 4 7
7 3 1
7 3 1
7 7 1
3 12
5 2 5
5 1 12
4 2 1
3 7 12
2 2 1
1 1 13
1 1 13
2 4 1
2 4 2
3 4 7
3 5 5
6 2 2
6 4 9
6 5 1
6 2 3
3 21 23
6 4 1
6 15 12
6 16 1
7 2 1
8 1 1
7 16 1
8 6 1
8 16 5
2 2
8 1 1
8 2 1
7 6 2
8 1 1
7 2 3
8 3 1
7 1 1
7 6 2
7 6 1
2 1 1
3 10 1
2 5 1
2 3 1
3 7 18
2 6 1
3 4 2
3 7 1
3 5 2
3 6 2
5 1 3
286
Governor returns how made
Returns opened and published
Governor by General Assembly
Contested
Specials
To fill vacancies in General Assembly
Of Secretary of State Comp Genl and Treasurer
Judges of Supreme Court
Judges of Superior Court
Judges of Supreme Superior Courts and Sol GenlI
Justices of the Peace
Attorney General
By City or County on creating a new debt
City or County on School question
To change County Site
Merge one County into another
Election of County officers3
On amendments to Constitution
Ratification of Constitution
Electors who shall be so deemed j
Registration of may be provided for
Privileges of while attending elections
Embezzlement of public funds disfranchises
Eminent Domain not to be abridged in favor of Corporations
Encumbrances Homestead liable for removal of
Endorsers suits against where tried
Equal Rights not to be infringed by Corporations
Equity Cases where triedgj
Jurisdiction is in Superior CourtJ
Jurisdiction may be conferred on Common Law Courts
Errors in Superior and City Courts corrected in Supreme Court
Of inferior judicatories corrected by Certiorari
Estate not forfeited by Conviction
Excessive Bail and Fines forbidden
Executive Legislative and Judicial Department are distinct
Department officers of
Department officers of report suspension and removal of
Powers vested in Governor
Exemption from Taxation and void Exemption
From Levy and Sale
From Levy and Sale waiver of
From Levy and Sale under Debtors Act not repealed
From Levy and Sale under Debtors Act waiver
Exhibitions special tax on goes to public schools
Expense of Clerks and Secretaries to Governor
Of Clerks of Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer
Ex Post Facto Law not to be passed
Express Companies chartered by Legislature
Expulsion of Member of General Assembly for misconduct
Extra session of Legislature before November 1st 1878
Sessions of Legislature may be called by Governor
Compensation not to oe allowed by Government
A S P
5 1 4
5 1 5
5 1 5
5 1 6
5 1 9
5 1 13
5 2 1
6 2 4
6 3 2
6 12 1
6 7 3
6 10 1
7 7 1
8 4 1
11 1 4
11 1 5
11 2 1
13 1 1
13 2 1
2 1 2
2 2 1
2 3 1
2 2
4 2 2
9 2 1
6 16 5
4 2 1
6 16 3
6 4 1
6 4 2
6 2 5
6 4 5
1 2 3
1 1 9
1 1 23
5 1 1
5 1 18
5 1 2
7 22 45
9 1 1
9 3 1
9 4 1
9 5 1
8 3 1
5 1 18
5 22 34
1 3 2
3 7 18
3 7 1
3 4 3
5 13
7 16 2
287
F
A S P
Family each Head of entitled to Homestead 9 11
Fees not allowed officers of Executive Department 5 2 7
Not allowed Attorney General 6 13 1
Felony exclusive jurisdiction in Superior Court 6 4 1
Females persons having care of entitled to Homestead 9 11
Ferries established by Courts not Legislature 3 7 18
Ordinarys jurisdiction concerning 6 6 2
Fines imposed must not be excessive 119
Imposed on memoer of Legislature for misconduct 3 7 1
Fire Insurance Companies deposit required of 3 12 4
Foreign Power Governor to receive no Emolument from 5 12
Forfeiture of Estate not brought about by conviction 1 2 3
Of Recognizance relieved against when 3 7 19
Of Charter remitted only on conditions 4 2 3
Fraud Legislature may provide Punishment for 1 2 6
Judgments attacked for 12 1 5
Free Schoolssee Education 8 1 1
Freight on Railroads subject to regulation by law 4 2 1
Rebate not allowed nor deceit as to amount chargedi 4 2 5
Furniture Waiver of Exemption not good against all 9 3 1
Funds of county Ordinarys jurisdiction 6 6 2
Of Public officers not to profit from use of 7 9 1
Sinking provided for 7 14 1
G
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
Consisting of Senate and House is the Legislative power 3 11
Members of elected for two years 3 4 1
Election when held 3 4 2
Election returns where made 2 6 1
Attendance of required 3 4 4
Oath of 3 4 5
Who are disqualified to be 3 4 7
Disqualified for certain other offices 3 4 7
Not to profit from use of public funds 7 9 1
Not to be interested in public printing 7 17 1
Seats of vacated b removalj 3 4 8
Punished for misconduct m each House 3 7 1
Privileges of 3 7 3
Per diem and mileage of 3 9 1
Majority of all necessary to passage of bill 3 7 14
Officers of who are 3 8 1
Quorum of to transact business 3 4 4
Adjournment by less than a quorum 3 4 4
Adjournment for more than three days etc 3 37 24
Election by shall be viva voce 3 10 1
Of iudges of Supreme Court by 1st election 6 2 4
Of Judges of Superior Court by 1st election 6 3 2
Of Judges of Supreme and Superior Courts and Solicitors Gen
eralL 6 12 1
Of Governor by when 5 15
Of Governor contested determined by 5 1 6
May pardon commute or reprieve for treason 5 1 12
May direct affixing of the Great Seal 5 3 1
288
A S P
Sessions of are annual 3 4 3
Of limited to 50 days 3 4 6
Of extra may be called by Governor 5 1 13
Of joint held in Representative Hall 3 10 1
Each House of may compel attendance o members 3 4 4
Is judge of election and qualification of its members 3 7 1
May punish for misconduct 3 7 12
Must keep a Journal 3 7 4
Has general power of legislation 3 7 22
HAS POWER BY LAW TO
Provide punishment for fraud 12 6
For registration of voters 2 2 1
For removal Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer 5 1 18
For appeals in Superior and City Courts 6 4 6
For appointments of Judge pro hac vice 6 4 9
Commissioners for county affairs 6 19 1
For organizing theMilitia1 10 1 1
Prescribe manner of bearing arms 1 1 22
Number of Jurors in Inferior Courts 6 18 1
Who shall vote on School questions 8 4 1
Change Senatorial Districts when 3 2 3
Apportionment of Representatives 3 3 2
Governors Salary by two thirds vote 5 12
Salaries of Judges Attorneys and Solicitors General 6 13 2
Substitute another officer for School Commissioner 8 2 1
Established Courts 6 11
Abolish Courts not named in Constitution 6 20 2
Confer Equity jurisdiction on Common Law Courts 6 4 2
Authorize formation of Volunteer Companies 10 1 2
Require Fire Insurance Companies to make deposit 3 12 4
Subject corporate property to public use when 4 2 1
Sell States property 7 13 1
Make donations to University of Georgia 8 6 1
Make donations to Colleges for colored people 8 6 1
Amend Constitution in manner provided 13 1 1
Call Constitutional Convention as provided 13 1 2
SHALL BY LAW
Limit power of Courts to punish for Contempt 1 1 20
Protect citizens in their right 1 1 25
Provide penalty against Lottery Agents 1 2 4
Provide penalty against Lobbying 12 5
Prohibit furnishing Liquor on election days 3 5 1
Provide penalty against Treasurer receiving unlawful fee 5 2 5
Provide for reaching concealed property of Debtor 12 6
Compel Insurance Companies to report to Governor 3 12 5
Regulate Freight and Passenger Tariff 4 2 1
Enforce provisions against monopolies etci 4 2 7
Establish uniformity in local tribunals 6 9 1
Provide for selection and compensation of jurors 6 18 23
Asiniringfund 7 14 1
For letting Public Printing to highest bidder 7 17 1
289
A S P
Setting apart and valuation of Homestead 9 4 1
For appeals in Superiof and City Courts 6 4 6
SHALL NOT PASS ANY LAW
To restrain or curtail liberty of speech or press 1 1 15
Respecting social status of citizens 1 1 18
Of Attainder ex post facto impairing contracts 1 3 2
Making irrevocable grants of special privileges 1 3 2
To revoke grants to injury of creditors of corporators 13 3
Of special nature when general law provides 14 1
Varying general laws affecting private rights without consent 14 1
In violation of Constitution of Georgia or the United States 14 2
Referring to more than one matter or different form title 3 7 8
Incorporating companies except for class named 3 7 18
Relieving against recognizances except as stated 3 7 19
Authorizing Street Railroad in city without citys consent 3 7 20
For benefit of particular corporations except on conditions 4 2 3
Authorizing one corporation to buy stock in another County or
City to aid persons or corporations7 6 1
Payment of void bonds or Confederate debts 7 11 1
Granting donation or gratuity to persons or corporations 7 17 1
Extra compensation to officers or contractors 7 16 2
See Tax
God may be worshipped according to dictates of conscience 1 1 12
Governor an officer of the Executive Department 5 11
Executive powers vested in 5 12
Salary term and limitations of terms of office 5 12
Election installation and terms of election of 5 1 14
Of by the Legislature when 5 1 5
Qualification and oath of 5 17 10
Deatr resignation or disability ofj 5 18
Secretary and Clerks ofL5 1 19
Is Commander of the Army and Conservator of the Peace 5 11 11
May adjourn the Legislature when 3 7 24
Call Extra Session of the Legislaturer 5 1 13
Direct affixing of the Great Seal 5 3 1
Pardon reprieve commute and remit penalties 5 1 12
Remove disabilities 5 1 12
With the Treasurer loan the Sinking Fund 7 14 1
Require services of Attorney General 6 10 2
Shall order elections to fill vacancies in Legislature 5 1 13
Fill vacancies in other offices 5 1 14
Offices of Judges and Solicitors General 6 12 1
Appoint State School Commissioner 8 2 1
Judge to preside in Supreme Court when 6 2 2
Commission Notaries Public ex Officio Justices of Peace 6 8 1
Examine and Publish Report of Comptroller and Treasurer 7 15 1
Proclaim result of Election on Constitution 13 2 2
Cannot appoint member of Legislature to office 3 4 7
A person rejected by Senate when 5 1 15
Has revision of bills and resolutions of Legislature 5 1 17
Supervision over Executive officers 5 1 18
Government originates with people duty of 1 1 12
Exclusive right of the people to regulate 15 1
Legislature Executive and Judicial Departments distinct 1 1 23
290
Support of by taxation
Grants limiting power to tax void
Irrevocable of special privileges void Not to be revoked as to work injustice Great Seal of the State use and device of Guardian of minors entitled to Homestead
H
Habeas Corpus Writ shall not be suspended
Head of family entitled to HomesteadZIZIZZIZIZZI
Homestead and Exemption to whom allowed and amount of
Not subject to levy and sale
Waiver and sale of
Setting apart of to be provided for
Supplemental
Already allowed good against old debt
Ordinance effect of
Of 1868 sales of confirmed
Of 1868 sales and reinvestments of
Unde Debtors Act not repealed
Under Debtors Act Waiver ofIII
House secure from search except as provided
Soldiers not to be quartered in except as provided Of RepresentativesSee Representatives
Household Furniture waiver of exemption on
Husbands debts wifes property not liable for 11
I
Idiots disqualified to vote or hold office
Immunities special not to be irrevocably granted
Not to be revoked so as to work justice
Impeachment power in House of Representatives
Power to tryin the Senate I
Chief Justice to preside at trial of
Vote necessary to convictI
Effect of conviction
Governor cannot pardon in case of
Imprisonment abuse under forbidden 111IIII I
For debt prohibitedIIIIIH
For misbehavior in presence of Legislature II
Improvement on Homestead is part of
Indictment copy to be furnished defendant on demand Inferior Judicatories errors of corrected by Certiorari
Infirm persons entitled to Homestead
Inherent rights not enumerated and not denied
Insane persons not entitled to vote or hold office III I
Inspection by Governor of Executive Officers
Installation of Governor
Insurance Department expense of
Companies to make reports to Governor
Chartered by Legislature
Fire deposit made with Treasury II
Foreign and Home Life deposits required
Foreign Life Comptroller General to license
A S P
7 1 1
4 1 1
1 3 2
1 3 3
5 3 1
9 1 1
1 1 11
9 1 1
9 1 1
9 2 1
9 3 1
9 4 1
9 6 1
9 7 1
12 1 8
9 8 1
9 9 1
9 4 1
9 5 1
1 1 16
1 1 19
9 3 1
3 11 1
2 2 1
1 3 2
1 3 3
3 6 3
3 5 3
3 5 4
3 5 4
3 5 5
5 1 12
1 1 9
1 1 21
3 7 1 2
9 2 1
1 1 5
6 4 5
9 1 1
1 5 2
2 2 1
5 1 18
5 1 3
5 2 4
3 12 5
3 7 18
3 12 4
3 12 1 3
3 12 2

i

291
Interest on Public Debt taxation authorized to pay
Intoxicating drinks not to be furnished on election days
Insurrection and invasion in time of Bills may pass summarily
Tax to suppress
Bonded debt incurred to suppress
Debts contracted to suppress
Contracted by city or county to suppress assumed by State Invasionsee Insurrection
Investment of funds raised by sale of homestead
Irrevocable grants of special privileges void
Jeopardy more than once for same offense prohibited
Joint obligors suit against where tried
Owner in property State shall not become
Journal each House of tne General Assembly shall keep
Original preserved in tne office of Secretary of State
Yeas and nays to be recorded in at request of onefifth
Yeas and nays to be recorded in when two thirds vote is required Must show majority of all members voted for bills passed
Must contain proposed amendments to Constitution
Of House must contain vote of elections by Legislature
Judge disqualified to preside in bond cases if interested in the bonds
Pro hac vice Legislature may authorize
May grant new trials in cases of conviction
See Supreme Superior and City Courts
Judicial Legislative and Executive Departments distinct
Powers of the State where vested
Judiciary to declare unconstitutional acts void
Judgement of Impeachment extent of
Of Supreme Court may be withheld one term
Without verdict of Jury when
Of Courts authority of
Heretofore rendered ratified
Jurisdiction of Supreme Court
Of Superior Court
Of Superior Court Appellate
Of Ordinary
Of Ordinary County matters
Of Justices of the Peace
Against Homestead denied
Jury right of trial by an impartial
Right of trial by Guaranteed
Judges of law and fact in criminal eases
Appeal from one to another in Superior and City Courts
From Justice of the Peace to
Grand to recommend Commissioned Notary for appointment
Grand and Traverse selection and qualification of
Compensation of how fixed
Tax by county to pay
Justice of the Peace may be member of Legislature
Part ox Judiciary
Election Commission and removal of
Term of
Jurisdiction Sessions and Appeals
Ex Officio
A S P
7 1 1
2 5 1
7
7 1 1
7 12 1
7 3 1
7 8 1
9 3 1
1 3 2
1 1 8
6 16 4
7 5 1
3 7 4
3 7 5
3 7 6
ed 3 7 21
3 7 14
13 1 1
3 10 1
6 2 3
6 4 9
1 2 1
1 1 23
6 1 1
1 4
3 5 5
6 2 7
6 4 7
12 1 5
12 1 6
6 2 5
6 4 1
6 4 4
6 6 1
6 6 2
6 7 2
9 2 1
1 1 5
6 18 1
1 2 1
6 4 6
6 7 2
6 8 1
6 18 2
6 18 3
7 6 2
3 4 7
6 1 1
6 7 3
6 7 1
6 7 2
6 8 1
292
K
Kitchen furniture waiver of exemption of
L
Labor done on Homestead Homestead is liable for
Land cases involving title to brought in Superior Court
Cases involving title to tried at what placeHill I
Homestead and Exemption on
Larceny conviction of disfranchises
Law due process of required to affect rights of persons
Laws of general nature must have uniform operation
Of general nature affecting private rights how varied Unconstitutional are void
For more than one matter or different from titlevoidIII
Majority vote of all members necessary to passA
For tax shall be general1
Not repealed or amended by reference to titlealonelIII
For borrowing money must be specific
To change county lines must be a general lawIIIIIIIIII
Of general operation
Of United States authority of
Of Georgia authority of
Local and special authority of
See Local also General Assembly
Learning Seminaries of exempt from taxation
Legislative power is in the General AssemblyI III
Executive and Judicial Departments distinct LegislatureSee General Assembly
Legitimate Children power in Courts
Levy and Sale exemptions from
Libels in prosecutions for truth may be given in evidence Liberty person to be deprived of only by due process of law Not to be jeopardized but once for same offense
Of Conscience not to be controlledHI
Of speech or press not to be curtailedIIIIIIIIIIH
Libraries Public may be exempt from taxation
Licentiousness not excused on account of liberty of Conscience Life person not to be deprived of but by due process of law
Not to be jeopardized but once for same offense
Crimes involving jurisdiction in Superior CourtII
See Insurance
Lines of County to be changed under operation of general law Liquor special tax on for Educational purposes
Not to be furnished on Election daysIIIIIIIIIIH
List of witnesses to be furnished to defendant on demandlllll
Litigation tax by County to pay expenses of
Literary Associations may be exempt from taxation
Loans to State for casual deficiencies of revenue
County or City for canal deficiencies of revenue
Of sinking Fund by Governor and Treasurer
Lobbying is a crime Legislature must provide a penalty
Publication of before passed
Acts authority of
School Systems existing not affected herebyIIHIIIHH Lottery Tickets sale of prohibited
A S P
9 3 1
9 2 1
6 4 1
6 16 2
9 1 1
2 2 1
1 1 3
1 4 1
1 4 1
1 4 2
3 7 8
3 7 14
7 2 1
3 7 17
7 4 1
11 1 3
12
12 1 1
12 1 3
12 1 2
7 2 2
3 1 1
1 1 23
3 7 18
9 1 1
1 2 1
1 1 3
1 1
1 1 12
1 1 15
7 2 2
1 1 13
1 1 3
1 1 8
6 4 1
11 1 3
8 3 1
2 5 1
1 1 5
7 6 2
7 2 2
7 3 1
7 7 1
7 14 1
1 2 5
3 7 15
12 1 4
8 5 1
1 2 4
293
M
A S P
Macon and Brunswick Railroad if sold proceeds where applied 7 13 1
Majority of each branch of Legislature constitute quorum 3 4 4
Of all members of each House necessary to pass bill 3 7 14
Malfeasance in office disfranchises 2 2 1
Malpractice in office by Justice of the Peace removal for 6 7 3
Mandamus issued by Judge of Superior Court 6 4 5
Marriage does not divest wife of her property 3 11
Material furnished Homestead it is liable for 9 2 1
Matter different from title not to be contained in bill 3 7 8
Members of General AssemblySee General Assembly
Merger of counties 11 1 5
Message of Governor 5 1 13
Mileage of the members of the General Assembly 3 9 1
Military authority subordinate to Civil 1 1 19
Commission except in Militia disqualifies for Legislature 3 4 7
Service commutation for goes to Public Schools 8 3 1
Companies Volunteer organizations 10 1 2
Companies Volunteer paid only when called by State 10 1 3
Militia officers may be membersof Legislature 3 4 7
Governor is Commander in chief of 5 1 11
District one Justice of the Peace for each 6 7 1
District one commissioned Notary for each 6 8 1
Organization of may be provided for10 1 1
Paid only when called out by State 10 1 3
Minors family of entitled to Homestead 9 11
Ministerial officer not to levy on Homestead 9 2 1
Misconduct of member of Legislature how punished 3 7 1
Mistrial in criminal cases authorizes a second trial 1 1 8
Money not to be donated by State to any Church etc 1 1 14
Illegal holders of public disqualified for office 2 4 1
Public defaulters of disqualified for Legislature 3 4 7
Authority and manner of drawing from Treasury 3 7 11
Borrowed by State laws for and use of 7 4 1
Monopoly provisions against 4 2 4
Municipal Corporationssee City
N
Names of children changed by Courts 3 7 18
Navigation Companies chartered by Legislature 3 7 18
Navy of State Governor is Commander of 5 1 11
New trial in criminal cases authorizes second trial 1 1 8
In criminal cases may be granted on conviction 1 2 1
May be granted by Superior and City Court 6 4 6
Counties notto be formed 11 1 2
Notaries Public commissioned part oi Judiciary 6 11
Appointment commission and powers 6 8 1
Novation of Charter what shall so operate 4 2 3
O
Oath of yoter if challenged 2 1 2
Of member of General Assembly 3 4 5
Of Governor1 5 1 10
To pleas 6 47
294
Obligation of contracts not to be impaired by law
Of contracts heretofore made by State binding
Office illegal holders of public money ineligible for V
Who may not hold
Impeachment removes from and disqualifies for
Profiting from use of public money disqualifies for
Conviction of Duelling disqualifies for
Religious opinion does not disqualify forIIIIIIIZIIIIIIH i t Goyernor or Legislature legislator disqualified for
Malfeasance in disfranchises
Officers and trustees of the people and amenable totbein
Of one department disqualifies to act in anotner
Returns of election of where made
atmp6 or United States disqualified for Legislature
Of Militia or Justice of the Peace may be legislator
Of General Assembly who areZ
Of Executive Department who are
Of Executive Department report suspension andremoval of
Profiting from use of public fund punishable
Extra compensation to after service prohibited 11111111
Not to be interested in Public Printing
Not to levy on Homestead
Of County election removal and disqualification oLZIIIII
Of County to be uniform except Commissioners
Now existing to continue till successor qualified11
Order passed by Legislator must have Governors approval
Ordinances rejected not to be again proposed unless by twothirds vote
Must have but one subject matter and same as title
Of the Convention authority of
Of the Convention to have effect of laws I
See Ordinances in Appendix
Ordinary Courts of part of Judiciaiy
Courts of jurisdiction ofI
Term of office2
Origin of Government is with the people1
P
Papers secure from search and seizure except as provided
Pardon removes political disabilities of convict
Of Duelists removes political disabilities of convict Power m Governor must report to the Legislature
Passage of bills reading necessary
Of Bills majority of all members necessary
Passenger Tariffrestriction on
Paupers jurisdiction of Ordinary
Affidavit relieves from costs in Supreme Court
Tax for support of
Pay see Compensation 1 Salary
Peace soldiers not to be quartered in houses in time of
Govemor is conservator of
Penitentiary crimes punishable into be trkdin Superior Cmirt
Per diem of members of the Legislature
Perquisites not allowed officers Executive Department
Not allowed Attorney General
From use of public funds by officers punishable
A S P
1 3 2
4 2 6
2 4 1
2 2 1
3 5 5
7 9 1
2 4 2
1 1 13
3 4 7
2 2 1
1 1 1
1 1 23
2 6 1
3 4 7
3 4 7
5 1 1
3 8 1
5 1 18
7 9 1
7 16 2
7 17 1
9 2 1
11 2 1
11 3 1
12 1 7
5 1 17
3 7 13
3 7 8
12 1 3
12 1 8
6 1 1
6 6 1
6 6 3
1 1 1
1 1 16
2 2 1
2 4 2
5 1 12
3 7 7
3 7 14
4 2 15
6 6 2
6 21 1
7 6
1 1 19
5 1 12
6 4 1
3 9 1
5 2 7
6 13 1
7 9 1
295
Persons and property to be protected by Government
Not to be molested for religious opinions
Rights not to be affected but by due process of law
May prosecute or defend in person or by attorney
Charged with offenses rights of
Life or liberty not to be jeopardized but once for same crime
Houses and papers secure from illegal search
Personalty amount of exemption of from levy and sale
Petitions and remonstrance right of guaranteed
Pleas under oath in certain cases required
Police of the State right of people to regulate
Power not abridged in favor of corporations
Policyholders in Life Insurance Companies protected
Poll tax not to exceed one dollar
Goes to Educational purposes
Practice in courts of same grade to be uniform
Precincts fot elections how changed
President of Senate elected by Senate viva voce
Must sign acts
Per diem
Presides in joint session
Acts as Governor when
Press liberty of not to be curtailed
Printing public to be let to lowest bidder
Prisoners not to be abused
Tax for support of by counties
Private ways to be allowed only compensation paid
Acts authority of
Rights accrued by law authority of
Privileges special not to be irrevocably granted
Special not to be revoked so as to do injustice
Probate jurisdiction in Ordinary
Proceedings of Legislature to be kept in journals
Of courts of same grade to be uniform
Process of law necessary to affect persons in their rights
Proclamation of Governor calling extra session
Qf Governor on Ratification of Constitution
Prohibition writs of issued by Judge of Superior Court
Prolongation of Legislative session by two thirds vote
Resolutions not submitted to Governor
Promissory notes suits on where triedT
Property of persons not to be molested for religious opinions
Protection to shall be impartial and complete
Not taken for public use without compensation
Concealed by debtor to be reached by law
Of wife not subject to husbands debts
List of exempt from tax
Amount of exempt from levy and sale
Protection to person and property paramount duty of Government
Prosecution rights of defendants in cases of
Provision waiver of exemption of restricted
Public Funds embezzlement of disfranchises
Officer not to receive profit from use of
Treasurer not to receive profit from use of
See Money
Public use of private property without compensation prohibited
A S P
1 1 2
1 1 13
1 1 3
1 1 4
1 1 5
1 1 8
1 1 16
9 1 1
1 1 24
6 4 7
1 5
4 2 2
3 12 1 3
7 2 3
8 3 1
6 9 1
3 7 11
3 5 8
3 7 13
3 9 3
3 10 1
5 1 1
1 1 18
7 17 5
1 1 9
7 6 2
1 3 1
12 1 4
12 1 5
1 3 2
1 3 3
6 6 1
3 7 4
6 9 1
1 1 3
5 1 13
13 2 2
6 4 5
3 4 6
3 7 23
6 16 5
1 1 13
1 1 2
1 3 1
1 2 6
3 11 1
7 2 2
9 1 1
1 1 2
1 1 5
9 3 1
2 2 1
7 9 1
5 2 5
1 3 1
296
A S P
Buildings jurisdiction of Ordinary 6 6 2
Buildings tax by county for authorized 7 6 2
Debt and institutions tax for 7 11
Property charitable institutions and libraries exempt from tax 7 2 2
Printing let to lowest bidder 7 17 1
Printing officers of Government not to be interested in 7 17 1
School systemssee Education 8 11
Publication of ones sentiments right of not to be curtailed 1 1 15
Journal of General Assembly 3 7 4
Receipts and disbursements of Treasury 3 7 11
Intention to introduce Local Bills 3 7 15
Reports of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer 7 15 1
Proposed amendment to Constitution 13 1 1
Punishment of crime by whipping or banishment prohibited 1 1
For contempt by Courts limited 1 1 20
Not to be cruel or unusual 1 1 9
Purchase of State Bonds with sinking fund 7 14 1
Money homestead liable for 9 2 l
Purchaser of Old Homestead how affected 9 8 1
Q
Qualification for Governor 5 17
For Senator 2 5 1
For Representative 3 6 1
Each House to judge of as to its own members 3 7 1
Of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer 5 2 6
Judge Supreme and Superior Courts Solicitor and Attorney
General 6 14 11
County officers 11 2 1
Quarantine tax by county for expenses of 7 6 2
Quorum of each branch of Legislature is a majority 3 4 4
Of Supreme Court 6 2 1
R
Railroad may be incorporated by Legislature 3 7 18
Freights and Tariff subject to legislation 4 2 1
May build branch roads free from conditions of 4 2 3
Shall not deceive public as to rates 4 2 5
See Corporations
Railway Street not to run in City without its consent 3 7 20
Rates of freight and passage subject to legislation 4 2 1
Public not to be deceived as to amount charged 4 2 5
Realty Homestead of 9 11
Rebate of rates charged by Railroad not allowed 4 2 5
Recognizance when Legislature may relieve from forfeiture of 3 7 19
Reelection Governor not eligible for four years after two terms 5 1 2
Registration of Electors may be required by law 2 2 1
Rejection of nomination by Senate effect of 5 1 15
Of bill by Legislature effect of 3 7 13
Religious opinion civil and political rights not affected by 1 1 13
Denominations not to receive money from State 1 1 14
Worship places of may be exempt from tax 7 2 2
Remittance of sentence in power of Governor 5 1 12
Of forfeited Charter only on conditions 4 2 3
297
Remonstrance and petition right of guaranteed
Removal of legislator from district vacates his seat
Of disabilities in power of Governor
Of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer1
Of Justice of the Peace for malpractice
Of County Officers
From office effect of impeachment
Repeating law form of
Reports of Insurance Companies to the Governor
Of Treasurer and Comptroller to the Governor
Representatives election and term of
Qualification of S
House of part of General Assembly
Number and apportionment of members of
Apportionment how changed
Representatives House of Speaker of how elected
Clerk of compensation and bond of
Impeachment power vested in
Local and Special bills must originate in
Appropriation and Revenue bills must originate in
Journal ofseeJournal
Representation of Constitutional Convention apportionment of
Reprieve in power of Governor
Residence requisite to vote
Resignation of Governor who acts in case of
Resolutions of appropriation must be passed by yeas and nays
Requiring Governors approvalj
Requiring a two thirds vote yeas and nays must be recorded
Having effect by law result of rejection
Retroactive legislation prohibited
Returns of election of Legislators each House to judge for itself
To whom made
Of Governor how made
Of Governor how published
Of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer
On ratification of Constitution
Revenue bills must originate in House of Representatives
Deficiencies of in State supplied by loans
Deficiencies of in County or City
And roads County Commissioners for
Rights not enumerated are not denied
Roads jurisdiction in Ordinary
Tax for keeping up by County
And revenue County Commissioners for
S
Sailor in U S Service not entitled to vote because not stationed here
Salary of Governor
Of Treasurer Secretary of State and Comptroller
Of Judges of Supreme and Superior Courts Attorney and Solicitors General 1m
Of Judges of Supreme and Superior Courts how changed
Of State School Commissioner
Sale of States property proceeds to go to public debts
Exempt from
A S P
1 1 24
3 4 8
5 1 12
5 1 18
7 3
11 2 1
3 5 5
3 7 17
3 12 5
7 15 1
3 4 12
3 6 1
3 1 1
3 3 1
3 2 2
3 6 2
3 8 1
3 6 3
3 7 15
3 7 10
13 1 2
5 1 12
2 1 2
5 1 8
3 7 12
5 1 17
3 7 21
3 7 13
1 3 2
3 7 1
2 6 1
5 1 4
5 1 1
5 2 5
13 2 2
3 7 10
7 3 1
7 7 1
11 3 1
1 5 1
6 6 1
7 6 2
11 3 1
2 1 2
5 1 2
5 22 34
6 13 1
6 13 2
8 2 1
7 13 1
9 1 1
298
A S
Of Homesteads how affected 9 3
Of old Homestead heretofore made ratified 9 8
Savannah errors of City Court of corrected in Supreme Court 6 2
Scire Facias writ of issued by Judge Superior Court 6 4
Schools Public how established by City or County 8 4
Public existing local system not affected 8 5
Not public may share school fund when 8 5
See Education
Seal Great use and design of 5 8
Search of persons houses and papers warrant for 1 1
Seconds in Duel on conviction disqualified for office 2 4
Secretary of State returns of election to be made to 2 1
Officer of Executive Department 5 1
Election of 5 2
Salary and Clerk hire of 5 2
Eligibility and Bond of 5 2
Perquisites to forbidden 5 2
Is keeper of Great Seali 5 3
Senate compensation and bond of 3 8
Governor compensation of 1 5 1
Securities on forfeited recognizances when relieved 3 7
Seizure of persons and papers provisions against 1 1
Seminaries of learning may be exempt from tax 7 2
Senate is a branch of General Assembly 3 1
Consists of 51 members 3 2
May propose amendments to appropriation and revenue bills 3 7
Impeachment to be tried before 3 5
Senate nomination rejected by effect of 5 1
President and Secretary ofSee President and Secretary
Senatorial Districts number composition and change of 3 2 1
Senators number not to be increased 3 2
Election and term of 3 4
Qualification ofI 3 5
Sentence commuted or remitted by Governor5 1
Servitude involuntary except as punishment for crime prohibited 1 1
Sessions of General AssemblySee General Assembly
Of Supreme Court 6 2
Of Superior Court 6 4
Of JusticesCourt 6 7
Setting aside Homestead laws to be provided for 9 4
Shares in one corporation not enough to be bought by another to
monopolize1 4 2
Shows special tax on goes to education purposes 8 3
Sinking fund provided forpg 7 14
Site of county how changed 11 1
Slavery forbidden 1 1
Social status of citizens not subject of legislation 1 1
Soldiers not to be quartered in private houses except when 1 1
Of U S not to vote on account of being stationed here 2 1
Artificial limbs for maimed Confederatesi 7 1
Solicitors General term of office and duties of 6 11
Election by the Legislature 6 12
Salary ofIt 6 13
Qualifications of 6 14
Speaker of House of Representatives how elected 3 6
Must sign Acts 3 7
P
1
1
5
5
1
1
1
1
18
2
9
1
1
3
6
7
1
1
19
19
16
2
1
1
10
3
15
23
3
12
1
12
17
5
8
2
1
4
1
1
4
17
18
19
2
1
12
1
1
1
2
13
299
Per diem of
Acts as Governor when
Special law not to be enacted when provision is made by general law
Changing general law in particular cases how passed
For benefit of corporation conditional
Election of Governor
See Local
Speech Liberty of not to be curtailed
State aid to corporations or persons in any manner prohibited
State aid by donation prohibited
To religious denomination prohibited
Printer office abolished
State School Commission election and term
Statement of Treasurer to be published
Stockholder in corporation State county or city not to be
Street railroad not to run in city without consent of authorities
Suits may be brought by or against counties
Against State to test void or Confederate bonds prohibited
See Venue
Superior Court is part of Judiciary
Jurisdiction of exclusive
Jurisdiction of general and appellate
Jurisdiction of to issue extra writs
Appeal and new trials in
Appeal from Ordinary to
Appeal from Justices to
Sessions ofJ
Judge one for each circuit and term of
Election of
Salary and qualification of
May chahge venue when
May preside in Supreme Court when
May preside in City Court when
Appoints Notary Public ex officio Justice of the Peace
Sanctions sale of Homesteads
Supplemental Homesteads laws to be provided for
Supreme Court part of Judiciary
Constitution ofv
Jurisdiction sessions and practice
Cost in and paupers affidavit
Judges election and termQ
Judges election and vacancies how filled
Salary and qualifications of
When disqualified in particular case
Suspension from office of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer
T
Tax to be paid before voting
Defaulters ineligible to Legislature
By County Ordinarys jurisdiction
By county or city to meet bonded indebtedness
By county or city for school purposes
By county limited to certain purposes
May be imposed by Legislature for what purpose
A S P
3 9 1
5 1 8
1 4 1
1 4 1
4 2 3
5 1 9
1 1 15
7 5 1
7 16 1
1 1 14
7 17 1
8 2 1
3 7 11
7 56 1
3 7 20
11 1 1
7 11 1
6 1 1
6 4 1
6 4 34
6 4 5
6 4 6
6 6 1
6 7 2
6 4 8
6 3 1
6 12 1
6 1314 1
6 17 1
6 2 2
6 5 1
6 8 1
9 38 1
9 5 1
6 1 1
6 2 1
6 25 67
6 21 1
6 2 4
6 12 1
6 1314 1
6 2 2
5 1 18
2 1 2
3 4 7
6 6 2
7 7 2
8 4 1
7 6 2
7 1 1
300
Must be uniform ad valorem and by general law
On domestic animals of vicious nature
Exemptions from other exemptions void
Poll for educational purposes
Special for educational purposes
States power to impose not to be restrained
Of corporations not to be surrendered
To raise a Sinking Fund
Lien good against Homestead
Act Authority of
Act must originate in the HouseZZZZ
Telegraph Companies may be incorporated by Legislature
Terms of office of Governor
Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer
Judge of Supreme Court
Judge of Superior Court
Justice of the PeaceIZIZZZZIZ
Ordinary
Attorney and SolicitorGeneral
State School Commissioner
County Officers
Members of General Assembly
Testimony criminating himself witness not obliged to give
litle law must not contain matter different from
To land cases involving where brought
To land cases involving jurisdiction in Superior Court
1 reason what is and how convicted of
Conviction of disfranchise
Pardon respite or commutation for
Treasurer election and term of office
Examination by Governor
Officer of Executive Department
Removal of
Perquisites not allowed
Fee other than salary not allowed to
Salary and Clerkes hire of
Bond and qualification of
To receive deposits from Fire Insurance Companies
To make quarterly reports to Governor
And Governor authorized to loan Sinking Fund
Draw money from Treasury in what manner
treaty force and authority of
Trial a speedy and impartial one is the right of defendant
By jury remains inviolate
Tribunals in the various counties to be untforjaZZZZZZZZZ
Trustees of the people public officers are
The University of Georgia may accept donations etc if amihes of minor children entitled to Homestead
U
Unexpired terms of Governor special elections
Judges of Supreme Court
Judges Supreme and Superior Courts Attorney and Solicitor General
Uniformity required in operation of general laws
A S P
7 2 1
7 2 1
7 2 24
7 2 3
8 3 1
4 1 1
7 2 5
7 14 1
9 2 1
12 1 3
3 7 10
3 7 18
5 1 2
5 2 1
6 2 4
6 3 13
6 7 1
6 6 3
6 1011 1
8 2 1
11 2 1
3 4 1
1 1 6
3 7 8
6 16 2
6 4 1
1 2 2
2 2 1
5 1 12
5 2 1
5 1 18
5 1 1
5 1 18
5 2 7
5 2 5
5 2 2
5 2 6
3 12 4
7 15 1
7 14 1
3 7 11
12 1 1
1 1 5
6 18 1
11 3 1
1 1 1
8 6 1
9 1 1
5 1 9
6 2 4
6 12 1
1 4 1
301
A S
In county officers and tribunals 11 3
In courts of same grade 6 9
In taxationJ 7 2
University of Georgia appropriation to 8 6
United States Constitution acts in violation of void 1 4
Treaties and laws authority of 12 1
Soldiers not entitled to vote for being stationed here 2 1
y
Vacancy in office of Governor 5 1
Judge of Supreme Court6 2
Judge of Superior Court 6 3
Judge of Supreme and Superior Courts and Solicitor General 6 12
Members General Assembly 5 1
Governor may fill when not otherwise provided 5 1
Validity of bonds not to be tried by Judge who is interested 6 2
Declared void by Constitution not subject to suit 7 11
Valuation of Homestead laws to be provided for 9 4
Venue in cases of divorce 6 16
Of land titles 6 16
Of Equity 6 16
Against joint obligors acceptors endorser etc 6 16
Civil and criminal generally 6 16
Civil and criminal changed how 6 17
Verdicts judgements without when 6 4
First and second in divorce cases 6 15
Veto of Governor overruled by two thirds vote 6 7
Viva voce voting by General Assembly 3 10
Void bonds of State not to be paid 7 11
Volunteer companies organization of 10 1
Not paid unless called out by State 10 1
Vote by people shall be by ballot 2 1
Who is entitled toOath of voterJ 2 1
Who is not entitled tor 2 2
By General Assembly to be viva voce 5 3 10
Of twothirds being required yeas and nays must be recorded 3 7
Of twothirds being required does not do away with Governors
approval 3 7
Of twothirds overrides Governors veto 3 7
Of General Assembly having effect of law submitted to Gover
nor 5 1
Of General Assembly in elections must appear in House Journal 3 10
W
Waiver of Homesteadi 8 3
Of old exemption 9 5
War bonded debt may be increased for purpose of 7 12
Debt of county or city for may be assumed by State 7 8
Debt may be contracted to defend State in time of 7 3
Quartering soldiers in house in time of 1 1
Tax to defend State in time of 7 1
Warrant for search how obtained 1 1
Ways private maybe granted after compensation paid 1 3
P
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
8
4
2
1
13
14
3
1
1
1
2
3
45
6
1
7
1
23
1
1
2
3
1
2
1
1
21
23
23
17
1
1
i 1
1
1
1
19
16
e l
302
Wearing apparel waiver of exemption on limited1 9 3 i
Western Atlantic R R if sold proceeds how applied1 7 13 1
Whipping as punishment for crime prohibited 1 1 7
White and colored public schools to be separate 8 1 1
Widows pensions provided fori 7 11
Wifes property is her separate estate after marriage1 3 11 1
Wild Land Clerk compensation of 5 2 4
Witnesses in criminal cases rights of defendants asto 1 1 5
Not compelled to criminate themselves 1 1 6
Two necessary to convict of treasonI 12 2
Worship of God may be according to conscience 1 1 12
Place of may be exempt from tax 7 2 2
YEAS AND NAYS TO BE RECORDED IN JOURNAL
At request of onefiftl 3 7 6
On appropriation bills and resolutions 3 7 12
When twothirds vote is required 3 7 21
On amendments to Constitution 13 1 1
l
303
4
GA HJ 3
B
A
l 3 i V