Manual of the General Assembly of the state of Georgia, 1923-1924

THE LIBRARY OF
THE UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
MANUAL
OF THE
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
OF
The State of Georgia
4P
19231924
BY
DEVEREAUX F McCLATCHEY
Secretary of the State AND
E B MOORE
Clerk of the House of Representatsves
LIBRARY NOVI 8 1943
STATE OF GEORGIA EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT
CLIFFORD WALKERGovernor
PETER S TWITTYPrivate Secretary to Governor
M C BENNET Warrant Clerk
MYRTLE WHITEExecutive Secretary
S G McLENDONSecretary of State
T B CONNERSecurities Commission Secretary
WILLIAM A WRIGHTComptrollerGeneral
WILLIAM J SPEERState Treasurer
T R BENNETTState Superintendent of Banks
H J FULLBRIGHTI State Tax Commissioner
GEO M NAPIERAttorney General
J J BROWN State Sperintendent of Schools
N H BALLARD State Superintendent of Schools
CHAS E McGREGORPension Commissioner
CHARLES H COXAdjutant General
MRS M B COBB State Librarian
BEVERLY WHEATCROFTGa Library Commission Secretary
S W McCALLIE State Geologist
IRA W WILLIAMSState Entomologist
DR S H WILSON State Chemist
PETER F BAHNSENState Vetrinarian
DR L L KNIGHTState Historian
DR T F ABERCROMBIEState Board of Health Secretary
RHODA KAUFMANState Bd of Pub Welfare Acting Secy
P T McCUTCHEN Superintendent of Public Printing
T A CHEATHAMDrug Inspector
J J HOLLOWAY State Oil Inspector
O S LEEPure Food Inspector
J H ANDREWSKeeper of Public Buildings
H M STANLEYCommissioner of Commerce and Labor
OFFICERS
OF THE
SENATE OF GEORGIA 19231924
GEO H CARSWELL President IRWINTON
JAS L GILLIS President Pro Tem SOPERTON
DEVEREAUX F McCLATCHEY Secretary ATLANTA
H W NEVIN Asst Secretary ATLANTA
ROY M NIX Journal Clerk LAWRENCEVILLE
A E STROTHER Messenger LINCOLNTON
A P GRIFFIN Doorkeeper DECATUR
56305
MEMBERS
OF THE
SENATE OF GEORGIA
BY DISTRICTS
FOR SESSION OF 19231924
First DistrictBryan Chatham Effingham
ALLISON M CASON 1Ellabelle
Second DistrictLiberty McIntosh Tattnall
E C MILLERfgHinesville
Third DistrictAppling Jeff Davis Wayne
C H Parker J1Baxley
Fourth DistrictCamden Charlton Glynn
CHAS S ARNOW St Marys
Fifth DistrictAtkinson Clinch Ware
HENRY C MORGAN Homerville
Sixth DistrictBerrien Cook Echols Lowndes
J H KENNON Adel
Seventh DistrictBrooks Grady Thomas
LOUIS S MOORE Thomasville
Eighth DistrictMiller Mitchell Decatur
DR J M SPENCE Camilla
Ninth DistrictEarly Calhoun Baker
A N McLEOD Newton
Tenth DistrictDougherty Lee Worth
L D PASSMORE Sylvester
Eleventh DistrictClay Randolph Terrell
E R King Fort Gaines
Twelfth DistrictQuitman Stewart Webster
J LUTHER HORN Preston
Thirteenth DistrictMacon Schley Sumter
STEPHEN PACE Americus
6
Fourteenth DistrictBleckley Dooly Pulaski
HOWARD E COATES Hawkinsville
Fifteenth DistrictWheeler Montgomery Toombs
G W LANKFORD j
Sixteenth DistrictLaurens Johnson Emanuel Treutlen JAMES L GILLIS Soperton
Seventeenth DistrictBurke Jenkins Screven
CARROLL B GARLICK Waynesboro
Eighteenth DistrictGlascock Jefferson Richmond
JOHN R PHILLIPS Louisville
Nineteenth DistrictGreene Warren Taliaferro
B W BOYD Union Point
Twentieth DistrictHancock Baldwin Washington
W R HODGES Sandersville
Twentyfirst DistrictJones Twiggs Wilkinson
GEORGE H CARSWELL Irwinton
Twentysecond DistrictBibb Monroe Pike
J C BEAUCHAMP Williamson
Twentythird DistrictCrawford Houston Taylor
G C SMITH Butler
Twentyfourth DistrictMuscogee Marion Chattahoochee EMMETT F JOHNSON Box Springs
Twentyfifth DistrictTalbot Harris Upson
J B DOUGLAS I Talbotton
Twentysixth DistrictButts Fayette Spalding
C D REDWINE Fayetteville
Twentyseventh DistrictBarrow Oconee Walton
G A JOHNS Winder
Twentyeighth DistrictJasper Putnam Morgan
JOSEPH B DUKE Eatonton
Twentyninth DistrictColumbia Lincoln McDuffie
J GLENN STOVALL i Thomson
Thirtieth DistrictElbert Hart Madison
T S MASON Hartwell
Thirtyfirst DistrictFranklin Habersham Stephens
W R LITTLE Carnesville
Thirtysecond DistrictLumpkin Dawson White
A H HENDERSON JRCleveland
7
Thirtythird DistrictBanks Jackson Hall
J M GARRISON Gillsville
Thirtyfourth DistrictDeKalb Newton Rockdale ARTHUR WHITAKER Conyers
Thirtyfifth DistrictFulton Henry Clayton
ERNEST M SMITH McDonough
Thirtysixth DistrictCampbell Coweta Meriwether
G J KEITH Greenville
Thirtyseventh DistrictHeard Carroll Troup
FRANK S LOFTIN Franklin
Thirtyeighth DistrictPaulding Haralson Polk
W W MUNDY Cedartown
Thirtyninth DistrictCherokee Cobb Douglas
P B LATIMER Woodstock
Fortieth DistrictUnion Rabun Towns
R E A HAMBY Clayton
Fortyfirst DistrictPickens Gilmer Fannin J B CHASTAIN Blue Ridge
Fortysecond DistrictBartow Chattooga Floyd
JOHN CAMP DAVIS Rome
Fortythird DistrictGordon Whitfield Murray
DR THOMAS E GREEN Chatsworth
Fortyfourth DistrictCatoosa Dade Walker
W C HULLENDER Ringgold
Fortyfifth DistrictBen Hill Irwin Telfair
FRED A SMITH McRae
Fortysixth DistrictCoffee Bacon Pierce
E L GRANTHAM Douglas
Fortyseventh DistrictColquitt Turner Tift
J H ADAMS Ashburn
Fortyeighth DistrictDodge Crisp Wilcox
W B OWENS Rochelle
Fortyninth DistrictBulloch Candler Evans
DR W B KENNEDY Metter
Fiftieth DistrictClarke Oglethorpe Wilkes
BOYCE FICKLEN SR Washington
Fiftyfirst DistrictForsyth Gwinnett Milton
E W GILSTRAP Cumming
b

Standing Committees of the Senate
ACADEMY FOR BLIND
Whitaker Chairman Cason Chastain Green Johnson Kennedy
Boyd ViceChairman Lankford Mason
Smith 23rd Smith 35th Spence

AGRICULTURE
Smith 45th Chairman Mason ViceChairman
Arnow Lankford
Coates Little
Davis McLeod
Douglas Mundy
Duke Owens
Gilstrap Parker
Green Passmore
Hamby Redwine
Hodges Smith 23rd
Johns Smith 35th
Keith
li
APPROPRIATIONS
Lankford Chairman Adams Arnow Beauchamp Coates Duke Garrison Gilstrap Grantham Hodges Johns Keith Kennon Latimer
Redwine ViceChairman McLeod Mason Moore Morgan Mundy Pace Parker Passmore Smith 23
Smith 35th
Smith 45th Stovall
AUDITING
Douglas Chairman Gilstrap Hllender Johnson
BANKS AND BANKING
Grantham Chairman Smith 23rd ViceChairmn
Boyd Henderson
Chastian Kennedy
Douglas Lankford
Gillis Loftin
Green Redwine
12
Moore ViceChairman Kennon Loftin
COMMERCE AND LABOR
Ken non Chairman Beauchamp Cason Davis Douglas Gillis Hamby Johns
Whitaker ViceChairman Johnson Loftin Phillips Redwine Smith 35th
Spence
CONGRESSIONAL AND LEGISLATIVE REAPPOR TIONMENTS
Phillips Chairman Davis Grantham Hllender Kennedy
Horn ViceChairman Lankford Owens Spence
CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS
Smith 35th Chairman Adams Beauchamp Cason Coates Davis Ficklen Gilstrap Grantham Henderson Hodges Johns Keith
Garlick ViceChairman King Latimer Little McLeod Moore Morgan Mundy Pace Parker Passmore Redwine Smith 23rd
13
CORPORATIONS
Henderson Chairman Passmore ViceChairman
Arnow Hullender
Cason Kennon
Chastain Little
Garrison Morgan
Gilstrap Owens
Grantham Parker
Hamby Whitaker
Horn
COUNTY AND COUNTY MATTERS
Adams Chairman Johnson ViceChairman
Arnow McLeod
Boyd Miller
Coates Morgan
Henderson Owens
Horn Passmore
Hullender Smith 23rd
Kennon Smith 45th
Latimer Whitaker
DRAINAGE
Miller Chairman Owens ViceChairman
Arnow Hodges
Douglas Horn
Ficklin Kennedy
EDUCATION AND PUBLIC SCHOOLS
Beauchamp Chairman Hodges ViceChairman
Adams Latimer
Coates Little
Duke Moore
Ficklen Morgan
Garlick Parker
Garrison Passmore
Gillis Redwine
Green Smith 23rd
Hamby Smith 45th
Horn Spence
Kennedy Stovall
King
14
Horn Chairman Johnson Keith Kennon ENGROSSING McLeod ViceChairman Miller Whitaker
ENROLLING
Hllender Chairman Hamby ViceChairman
Gilstrap Horn Johnson Kennon Latimer McLeod Whitaker
Mason Chairman Boyd Davis Duke Ficklen Gar lick Garrison Gillis Green Hamby Henderson Kennedy FINANCE Johns ViceChairman King Lankford Little Miller Moore Mundy Phillips Redwine Smith 45th Spence Whitaker
Little Chairman Adams Boyd Cason Coates Garlick Gillis FORESTRY Garrison ViceChairman Henderson Miller Mundy Phillips Smith 23rd
Cason Chairman Adams Boyd Chastain Douglas Gillis GAME AND FISH Arnow ViceChairman Grantham Horn Johnson Smith 23rd
15
GENERAL JUDICIARY No 1
Stovall Chairman Coates Garlick Grantham Johns 1 King
Davis ViceChairman Little Loftin Moore Mundy
GENERAL JUDICIARY No 2
Parker Chairman Adams Duke Hamby Lankford Mason
Henderson ViceChairman Morgan Pace
Passmore Phillips Smith 35th
HALLS AND ROOMS
Owens Chairman Chastain Gilstrap
Coates Chairman Arnow Ficklen Garrison Hamby Hllender Gilstrap Keith Kennedy
Miller ViceChairman Loftin
HIGHWAYS
Gillis ViceChairman Lankford Latimer Little
Smith 23rd Smith 35th Smith 45th Spence
HYGIENE AND SANITATION
Kennedy Chairman Beauchamp Coates Davis Ficklen Green Henderson Johns King
Douglas ViceChairman Little Moore Latimer Passmore Smith 35th Spence Stovall
16
INSURANCE
Garrison Chairman Adams Henderson Johns Johnson Kennon
CASON ViceChairman King Langford Mundy Parker Phillips
INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS
Spence Chairman Ficklen Garlick Hodges Hllender
King ViceChairman Keith Kennedy Stovall
Johnson Chairman Gillis Hamby
JOURNAL
Ficklen ViceChairman Kennon Miller
MANUFACTURES
Passmore Chairman Henderson Hodges Kennedy Latimer
Spence ViceChairman McLeod Pace
Smith 35th
Stovall
Whitaker
Duke Chairman Chastine Garlick Garrison Grantham Johns Moore
MILITARY AFFAIRS
Coates ViceChairman Pace Parker Smith 23rd Smith 35th Smith 45th Stovall
MINES AND MINING
Hodges Chairman Loftin ViceChairman
Boyd Mason
Chastain Owens
Johns Parker
Latimer Redwine
McLeod Stovall
17
Davis Chairman Beauchamp Cason Ficklen Gilstrap Hamby Hodges
45th ViceChairn Little Loftin Passmore Smith 35th
Spence
MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT Smith
Hamby Chairman Chastain Duke Ficklen Garrison Gilstrap Grantham Green Henderson Horn Johnson
Loftin Chairman Douglas Henderson Horn Hllender
PENITENTIARY
Smith 23rd ViceChairman Kennedy Kennon King Latimer Little McLeod Mason Miller Morgan Whitaker
PENSIONS
Latimer ViceChairman Miller Mundy Phillips
PRIVILEGES AND ELECTIONS
Ficklen Chairman Beauchamp Duke Green Hodges King
Kennon ViceChairman Loftin Moore Mundy Smith 45th
PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR
Keith Chairman Carson Douglas Gillis
Hllender ViceChairman Hodges Loftin
18
PUBLIC LIBRARY
Boyd Chairman Douglas Johnson Owens Redwine
Stovall ViceChairman Smith 35th Smith 45th Whitaker
PUBLIC PRINTING
McLeod Chairman Arnow Boyd Davis Loftin
Duke ViceChairman Mason Owens Spence
PUBLIC PROPERTY
Latimer Chairman Beauchamp Cason Chastain Hodges
Grantham ViceChairman King Morgan Smith 45th
Stovall
Moore Chairman Arnow Beauchamp Boyd Coates Davis Gillis Gilstrap Green Hamby Hullender Latimer
RAILROADS
Keith ViceChairman Little Pace
Passmore Phillips Redwine Smith 23rd Smith 35th Smith 45th Spence Stovall
RULES
Prsident of Senate Chmn Pace Coates Duke Ficklen Garlick Gillis Hamby King Lankford
ViceChairman Mason Moore Mundy Parker Smith 35th Smith 45th Stovall
FOR THE DEAF
SCHOOL Green Chairman Adams Chastain Davis Douglas Horn Hllender
Beauchamp ViceChairman Keith Kennedy Loftin Passmore Spence
King Chairman Chastain Davis Duke Garlick Hamby
SPECIAL JUDICIARY
Adams ViceChairman Morgan Pace Parker Passmore Redwine
STATE OF THE REPUBLIC Gilstrap Chairman Chastain ViceChairman
Arnow Garrison
Byd Grantham
Duke Mason
Owens
SANITARIUM
Phillips ViceChairman Lankford Loftin Mason Morgan Parker Redwine Smith 35th
Smith 45th
STATE
Chastain Chairman Adams Beauchamp Garlick Grantham Green Henderson Hodges Kennedy
20
TEMPERANCE
Morgan Chairman Parker ViceChairman
Chastain Keith
Davis Little
Douglas Loftin
Ficklen Miller
Hodges Phillips
Johns Stovall
TRAINING SCHOOLS
Smith 23rd Chairman Pace ViceChairman
Duke Lankford
Garlick Moore
Grantham Morgan
Kennedy Smith 35th
Latimer Stovall
TUBERCULOSIS SANITARIUM AT ALTO
Green Chairman Kennedy ViceChairman
Beauchamp Keith
Coates Latimer
Douglas Mason
Garrison Phillips
Hamby Redwine
Henderson Spence
Johns Stovall
UNIFORM LAWS
Arnow Chairman Beauchamp Cason Henderson Horn Kennon
Morgan ViceChairman King Latimer McLeod Whitaker
21
UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
Garlick Chairman Adams Boyd Coates Ficklen Garrison Green Johns
Little ViceChairman Johnson Keith Moore Mundy Pace Phillips
WESTERN AND ATLANTIC RAILROAD
Redwine Chairman Beauchamp Davis Gilstrap Green Hamby Hodges Hullender Keith Kennedy
Smith 35th ViceChairn Kennon Lankford Latimer Little Miller Moore Passmore Phillips Stovall
22
RULES OF THE SENATE
ADOPTED FOR SESSIONS OF 19231924
23
THE PRESIDENT
Rule 1 The President shall in his discretion suspend irrelevant debate and command silence whenever he may deem it needful
Rule 2 In all cases of election by the Senate the President shall vote In other cases he shall not vote unless the Senate shall be equally divided or unless his vote if given to the minority will make the divisioin equal and in case of such equal division the question shall be lost But in all cases where a fixed constitutional vote is required to pass the bill or measure under consideration and said bill or measure shall lack only one vote to pass the same the President may vote
Rule 3 When two or more Senators shall rise at the same time the President shall name the Senator entitled to proceed
Rule 4 All committees shall be appointed by the President unless otherwise ordered by the Senate
Rule 5 The method of stating the question on any motion by the President shall be as follows All in favor of the motion will say Aye Those opposed will say No And when a decision may seem doubtful to the President or a division of the Senate is called for by any one member of the Senate the President shall call upon the Senators in favor of the motion to rise and after a count is had by the Secretary he shall call upon the Senators to reverse their position and the President shall announce the result
Discretion o President
When President shall vote
Right of Senator to the floor to be decided by the President
President to appoint committees
Method of stating a question by the
President
25
President may name Senators to preside
Duty of Secretary when President is absent
When no debate on apepals
Appeals to be made at once
Power of President to suspend subordinate officers
When President may order galleries and lobbies cleared
Rule 6 The President may during a days sitting name any Senator to perform the duties of the Chair during any part of that sitting but no longer
Rule 7 Whenever from any cause the President shall be absent the President pro tempore shall preside and if both shall be absent the Secretary of the Senate shall call the Senate to order and shall preside until a President pro tempore shall be elected which said election shall be the first business of the Senate The President pro tempore thus elected shall preside until the return of one of the first named officers when his functions shall cease
Rule 8 On all appeals on questions of order of a personal character there shall be no debate
Rule 9 All appeals from the decisions of the Chair shall be made immediately and no appeal shall be in order after other business has intervened from the time of the alleged error of the Chair and before said appeal is sought to be made
Rule 10 The President shall have power to suspend the Messenger and Doorkeepers for misconduct or neglect of duty and when such suspension has been made he shall report the same to the Senate within twentyfour hours thereafter for such action as the Senate may see fit to take in the premises
Rule 11 The President shall have power to cause the galleries and lobbies of the Senate cleared by the Messenger and Doorkeeper in case of disturbance or disorderly conduct therein and to cause any person or persons so offending to be arrested
26
and brought before the bar of the Senate to be dealt with for contempt of the Senate
Rule 12 When less than a quorum vote on any subject under consideration by the Senate the President may order the door of the Senate to be closed and the roll of Senators called by the Secretary and if it is ascertained that a quorum is present either by answering to their names or by their presence in the Senate and any Senator present then refuses to vote unless excused such refusal shall be deemed a contempt of the Senate
Rule 13 The President may at any time order the roll called on any question and take the vote by yeas and nays where a division of the Senate discloses the fact that a quorum of the Senate has not voted
Rule 14 All questions as to priority of business to be acted on shall be decided by the President without debate
ON DECORUM AND DEBATE
Rule 15 When any Senator is about to speak in debate or deliver any matter to the Senate he shall arise from his seatj and respectfully address himself to Mr President He shall be confined to matter in debate shall not speak more than twice on any subject nor more than once until every member choosing to speak shall have spoken If any Senator in speaking or otherwise transgress the rules of the Senate the President shall call him to order in which case the Senator so called to order shall immediately sit down unless permitted to explain The Senate shall if appealed to decide and if the decision of the Senate be not submitted to the delinquent for the
No quorum voting duty of President
When President may order vote taken by yeas and nays
Decision on questions of priority
Conduct of Senators in debate
Appeals
27
Expulsion See Rule 147
Exception to words spoken
Silence
Mode of
designating
Senators
Shall not vote when interested in result
first offence shall be reproved for the second fined in a sum not exceeding ten dollars and continuing refractory may be expelled from the Senate by a twothirds vote of the Senators which said vote shall be taken by ayes and nays
Rule 16 If any Senator be called to order for words spoken the words excepted to shall be taken down in writing by the Secretary and read then admitted denied or explained by the Senator who spoke and thereupon the question of order shall be decided and such other proceedings had as the Senate may deem proper in regard thereto Provided that if at the time the Senate is acting under the previous question such question of order and other proceedings referred to shall not be taken up for decision until after the previous question and the main question have been disposed of or until such further time as may then be ordered by the Senate But no Senator shall be held to answer or be subject to the censure of the Senate for words spoken in debate if any other Senator has spoken or other business has intervened after the words were spoken and before the exception to them was taken
Rule 17 The members of the Senate shall forbear from private conversation and preserve silence until a speaking Senator shall have taken his seat
Rule 18 The Senators shall avoid naming each other when they may have occasion to take notice of their observations but may designate them by the districts they represent
Rule 19 No Senator shall vote upon any question in the result of which he is personally interested and in every case where the seat of a Senator is being contested the sitting Senator and the
28
contestant shall both retire from the Senate before the vote is taken
Rule 20 Any Senator may have entered on the Journal a protest in writing against the action of the Senate said protest shall clearly and succinctly set forth the grounds of such protest and shall not be argumentative nor arraign nor impugn the motive of the Senate nor any member thereof
Rule 21 No Senator shall address the Senate nor interrogate a Senator who is speaking except through the President and if the Senator speaking declines to be interrupted the President shall cause the Senator desiring to interrogate him to be silent
Rule 22 No Senator shall pass between the Chair and a Senator while he is speaking nor shall any Senator at the time of adjournment leave his seat until the President retires
Rule 23 No Senator shall in debate refer to any private conversation had with another Senator or to any matters which has transpired in any committee or in the House except as to the final action taken by the House in any pending matter
Rule 24 No smoking shall be allowed in the Senate Chamber during the Sessions of the Senate nor shall conversation be permitted within the Chamber
Rule 25 In nominating candidates for any office no laudatory remarks shall be allowed nor shall any other candidate be disparaged
Rule 26 Applause or hisses in the Senate Chamber or in the galleries or lobby during any speech or legislative proceedings shall be promptly suppressed
Protests
Duty while Senator is speaking and at adjournment
Restrictions in debate
Applause and hisses forbidden
29
No debate during yeas and nays
Only oen motion be made at a time
Explanation
Reading of papers
Motion to excuse when made
Excuses from voting
Rule 27 During the calling or reading of ayes and nays on any question no debate shall be had
Rule 28 No Senator can make more than one motion at a time and while the motion is being put to the Senate he must resume his seat and he is not further entitled to the floor unless again recognized by the President
Rule 29 On all questions except such as are not debatable any Senator on the call of the ayes and nays shall be allowed five minutes as a matter of right in which to explain his vote Where the vote on any question is not taken by ayes and nays no Senator shall be allowed to explain except by unanimous consent No motion or request shall be entertained to vary this rule nor to extend a Senators time for explaining
Rule 30 When the reading of any paper is called for and the same is objected to by any Senator it shall be determined by a vote of the Senate and this motion shall be decided without debate
Rule 31 A motion to excuse a Senator from voting must be made before the Senate divides or before the call of the yeas and nays is commenced and it shall be decided without debate except that the Senator making the motion may briefly state the reason why in his opinion it ought to prevail
Rule 32 No Senator shall be allowed to address himself to any question and then move to table the bill resolution or motion or move the previous question thereon without relinquishing the floor
30
DIVISION OF A QUESTION
Rule 33 Any one Senator may call for a division of the question on a subject in which the sense thereof will admit of it
Rule 34 The Senator calling for a division must state into how many and definitely what parts he would have the question divided Each part of the divided proposition must be so distinct that if taken away the remainder can stand by itself and be consistent and entire
BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Rule 35 All bills and resolutions shall be called in the order in which they stand on the calendar and before reading any bill or resolution the second or third time the Secretary shall distinctly state its number and the name of the Senator by whom introduced Provided that the General Appropriation Bill and the General Tax Bill shall have precedence on third reading over all other matters even Special Orders until the said bills shall have been finally disposed of
Rule 36 Every motion or request to take up general bills or resolutions out of their regular order and every motion or request for special orders shall be submitted in writing and reported upon by the Committee on Rules before being submitted to the Senate
Rule 37 No debate shall be admitted upon any bill at the first reading Upon the introduction of any bill or resolution or other matter requiring reference to a committee the President shall as a
Call for division
Division how made
Bills and resollutions called in order
Proviso What motions to be in writiny
Question on first reading
31
Effect of favorable report of committee
Adverse report of committee
Bills when withdrawn
Reports of committees order of action
matter of course and without debate commit the same to the proper committee unless otherwise ordered by the Senate In case of engrossment of any bill or other matter the entry thereof shall be made by the Secretary and the bill or other matter shall not be amendable thereafter unless subsequently committed
Rule 38 Where the report of a committee is favorable to the passage of a bill etc the same shall be read a second time and passed to a third reading without question unless recommitted Where the report of a committee is adverse to the passage of a bill etc on the second reading thereof the question shall be on agreeing to the report of the committee If the report of the committee is agreed to the bill etc shall be lost If the report of the committee is disagreed to the bill etc shall be passed to a third reading unless recommitted Provided that no bill etc adversely reported shall be taken up for a second reading except by motion of some Senator Any bill etc may be withdrawn at any stage thereof by consent of the Senate
Rule 39 When a bill etc favorably reported by a committee is on its third or last reading if the report of the committee is disagreed to by the Senate the bill or measure shall be lost unless the action of the Senate in disagreeing to the committee report is reconsidered within the proper time
Rule 40 The President shall not recognize any Senator at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to place any general bill on its passage out of its regular order Neither shall he recognize any request for unanimous consent for
32
the introduction of new matter or to read any bill or resolution the second time or to place any local bill or resolution on its passage except during the first 30 minutes after the confirmation of the Journal The President shall entertain but one unanimous consent at any one time
Rule 41 Where a bill or a resolution has been referred and reported by more than one committee or has been reported on and recommitted to the same committee the last committee report shall be acted on by the Senate
Rule 42 All bills and resolutions shall be written or printed and shall have the name of the Senator introducing the same as well as the district he represents indorsed on the back of the same and in the case of bills the caption of the bill shall also be indorsed on the same
Rule 43 No bill shall be printed until after the same has been reported to the Senate by the committee to which it has been referred or by request of said committee and the order of the Senate agreeing thereto
Rule 44 No bill or resoultion shall be transmitted to the House on the day of the passage thereof unless a majority of the Senators present shall so order
Rule 45 The Committee on Rules during the last seven legislative days of each session shall arrange and fix the calendar of business for each day and such calendar shall be a standing and continuing special order during said period and no matter shall be taken up or acted on otherwise than in the order and manner fixed by such calendar except by a threefourths vote of those present
Bills and resolutions to be in writing
Hovr indorsed
Bills fhen printed
Transmission t House by majority vote
33
Order of precedence
Not debatable when may be renewed Amendment
When
debatable
When
made
When not to order
PRECEDENCE OF MOTIONS
Rule 46 When any subject is before the Senate for consideration or under debate no motion shall be received except the following towit
1st A motion to adjourn
2d A motion to lay on table
3d A motion for the previous question
4th A motion to postpone indefinitely
5th A motion to postpone to a certain
6th A motion to commit
7th A motion to amend
Which said several motions shall have precedence in the order named
MOTION TO ADJOURN
Rule 47 A motion to adjourn is in no instance debatable nor shall said motion be made a second time until further progress has been made in the business before the Senate A motion to adjourn in its simple form shall not be amended
Rule 48 A motion to adjourn to a particular day or for a particular time if made when the Senate is not actually engaged in other business is debatable and is amendable as to the day or time proposed
Rule 49 The motion to adjourn can be made at any time when the Senator moving it can legitimately obtain the floor
Rule 50 A motion to adjourn may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the Senate has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to
34
adjourn is in order nor shall any motion to adjourn be in order after the Secretary has called the first name of the yeas and nays and a vote of one Senator has been given or after a division of the Senate has been had on a vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced
Rue 51 When a motion to adjourn in its simple EJect of form prevails it adjourns the Senate to the next mentsitting day or time in course
Rule 52 Whenever the hour of adjournment as Hour of ad
J journment
fixed by a prior resolution shall arrive while the Whatbusi
ness post
vote of the Senate is being taken by the yeas and pnednays the session shall continue until the final vote is taken and announced and if said fixed hour of adjournment shall arrive while the Senate is acting on the main question after a motion for the previous question has been sustained and before the vote on the main question is being taken either by a division or by the yeas and nays as aforesaid the Senate shall stand adjourned by virtue of said prior resolution
MOTIONS TO LAY ON THE TABLE
Amendment
Rule 53 No motion to lay an amendment or tuteUcannot substitute on the table shall be in order bieidon
Rule 54 A majority of a quorum voting may how mattake from the table at any time when the Senate iakeay be is not engaged on any other measure any bill fromtableresolution or other paper which ha been ordered to lie on the table and when so taken from the table it is thereby restored to its appropriate place on the calendar
Rule 55 A motion to lay on the table or to take from the table can be renewed from time to inewed time when new business has intervened between the votes
HE UNIVERSITY OF flfipr UBRAI9V mr m
THi5GENERAL LIBRARY
mrnGrNERAL LIBSyll4BJfiiVERSTYOF GEORGIA
University dp Lnnn Athens Georgia
Not debatable or amendable
What can be tabled
When in order
Effect of previous question
Twenty minutes debate allowed
Rule 56 Neither the motion to lay on the table nor the motion to take from the table is debatable or amendable
Rule 57 Nothing can be legitimately laid on the table excepting what can be taken up again
Rule 58 A motion to lay on the table may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the Senate has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to lay1 on the table is in order
THE MOTION FOR THE PREVIOUS QUESTION
Rule 59 The motion for the previous question shall be decided without debate and shall take precedence of all other motions except motions to adjourn or to lay on the table and when it is moved the first question shall be Shall the call for the previous question be sustained If this be decided by a majority vote in the affirmative the motion to adjourn or to lay on the table can still be made but they must be made before the next question towit Shall the main question be now put is decided in the affirmative and after said last question is affirmatively decided by a majority vote said motions will be out of order and the Senate cannot adjourn until the previous question is exhausted or the regular hour of adjournment arrives
Rule 60 When the previous question has been ordered the Senate shall then proceed to act on the main question without debate except that before the main question is put twenty minutes shall be allowed to the committee whose report
36
of the bill or other measure is under consideration to close the debate When the report of the committee is adverse to the passage of the bill or other measure the introducer of the bill shall be allowed twenty minutes before the time allowed to the committee for closing the debate The Chairman of the committee or the introducer of the bill or other measure may yield the floor to such Senators as he may indicate for the time or any part of it allowed under this rule
Rule 61 After the main question is ordered any Senator may call for a division of the Senate in taking the vote or may call for the yeas and nays but on all questions on which the yeas and nays are called the assent of onefifth of the number present shall be necessary to sustain the call and when such call is sustained the yeas and nays shall be entered on the Journal
Rule 62 The effect of the order that the main question be now put is to bring the Senate to a vote on pending questions in the order in which they stood before it was moved
Rule 63 After the main question has been ordered a motion to reconsider this action will if adopted have the effect to repeal the ordering of both the main question and the previous question and will leave the pending measure again open to debate and amendment This motion to reconsider the ordering of the main question can be made only once and if lost or if the main question is again subsequently ordered on the pending measure no second motion to reconsider the ordering of the main question shall be entertained
Vote how taken
Yeas and nays Onefifth necessary
Effect of main question being ordered
Reconsideration when in order
37
Contested
elections
How called and ordered
Call of the Senate when in order
Questions of order
Effect
Not amend able
Rule 64 In all cases where a minority report has been submitted on any matter if the previous question is ordered there shall be twenty minutes allowed to the member of said committee whose name is first signed to said minority report or to such member or members as he may indicate for the time so allowed or any part of it before the twenty minutes allowed to the Chairman submitting the majority report
Rule 65 The previous question may be called and ordered upon a single motion or an amendment or it may be made to embrace all authorized motions or amendments and include the entire bill to its passage or rejection
Rule 66 A call of the Senate shall not be in order after the previous question is ordered unless it shall appear upon an actual count by the President that a quorum is not present
Rule 67 All incidental questions of order arising after a motion is made for the previous question and pending such motion shall be decided whether on appeal or otherwise without debate
MOTIONS TO INDEFINITELY POSTPONE
Rule 68 When a bill resolution or other measure is under consideration on the final reading thereof a motion to indefinitely postpone if decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum thereby disposes of said bill resolution or other measure for the session
Rule 69 The motion to indefinitely postpone lays open the whole question for debate but it cannot be amended
38
Rule 70 While the motion to indefinitely postpone takes precedence over a motion to postpone to a day certain or to commit or amend yet this motion cannot be applied to said motions nor can it be applied to incidental questions such as questions of order reading of papers withdrawal of a motion and suspension of a rule
Rule 71 No motion to indefinitely postpone shall be renewed on any bill resolution or other measure after the same has once been voted down
MOTION TO POSTPONE TO A DAY CERTAIN
Rule 72 On a motion to postpone to a day certain it is not in order to debate the merits of the question proposed to be postponed Debate may be allowed but it shall be confined strictly to the proposition to postpone and to show why one day is preferred to another This motion cannot be renewed or made a second time to the same measure on the same day
Rule 73 The motion to postpone to a day certain cannot be applied to subordinate or incidental questions but only to the whole measure It is amendable by substituting one day or time for another If a day proposed is known to be beyond the limits of the Session the motion shall be treated as one to indefinitely postpone
MOTION TO COMMIT
Rule 74 Motions to commit may be made to refer a bill resolution or other measure to a standing or special committee
When cannot bfe applied
Not renewed
Debate when and how allowed
Motion to commit
39
Precedence of
When debatable
How
amended
Motion to recommit
Amendments how made
Bill first perfected then the substitute
Rule 75 A motion to commit to a standing committee takes precedence over a motion to commit to a special committee and shall be first voted on
Rule 76 On a motion simply to commit no debate shall be allowed but where instructions are added the merits of the question can be debated
Rule 77 A motion to commit may be amended by adding instructions or by substituting another committee for the one named by the Senator making the motion
Rule 78 Any proposition that has been referred to any committee either standing or special may on motion be recommitted to the same or any other committee by a majority of a quorum
MOTION TO AMEND
Rule 79 There are three ways in which a proposition may be amended towit
1st By inserting or adding words
2d By striking out words
3d By striking out and inserting words
An amendment is itself subject to be amended in all three of the ways above mentioned but it is not admissible to amend an amendment to an amendment
Rule 80 When a bill or resolution is before the Senate for consideration and amendments are pending thereto and a substitute shall be offered for said bill or resolution and an amendment shall be offered to said substitute it shall be in order for the Senate to first perfect the original bill or resolution and then perfect the substitute The question shall then be on agreeing to the substitute as amended if it be amended and if decided in
40
the affirmative the question shall be Shall this bill pass or resolution be adopted as the case may be by substitute
Rule 81 An amendment cannot be offered after the report of the committee to whom was referred the bill or resolution under consideration has been agreed to by the Senate unless said action of the Senate in so agreeing to said report of said committee shall first be reconsidered
Rule 82 All motions to amend any matter before the Senate must be in writing and must plainly and distinctly set forth the amendment desired and the part of the bill or resolution where said amendment shall be inserted or added
Rule 83 On all questions whether in committee or in the Senate the last amendment the most distant day and the largest sum shall be first put
Rule 84 Where blanks occur in any proposition they must be filled first before any motion is made to amend
Rule 85 The caption or preamble of a bill or resolution shall not be considered or amended until the measure has been perfected
Rule 86 When a resolution consisting of several sections or resolutions is on a final reading and the Senate shall agree to a motion to consider the same by sections or paragraphs the Secretary in reading the same shall pause at the end of each section or resolution and the amendments thereto shall be offered as the several sections or resolutions are read but the amendments offered by the committee to whom said bill or resolution was
When too late to amend
Must be in writing
Priority
Blanks
Caption
when
amended
Amending by sections
41
Amendments by striking out and inserting
Priority of amendment to perfect
Amending
House
amend
ments
See Rule 130
Priority
Priority of questions on House amendments
referred shall be read by the Secretary without any motion being made in the Senate and when a section or resolution shall have been considered it is not in order to refer back and amend it
Rule 87 When a motion is made to amend by striking out and inserting the Secretary shall read the paragraph as it is then the words to be stricken out and finally the whole paragraph as it would be if amended
Rule 88 When a motion is made to amend by striking out a paragraph any amendment offered to perfect the paragraph shall be put first before the question is put for striking it out
Rule 89 When any bill or resolution which originated in the Senate has been amended in the House and it is before the Senate for action on the House amendment an amendment may be offered in the Senate to the House amendment but the Senate amendment to the House amendment cannot be further amended it must be agreed to or voted down
Rule 90 A motion to amend an amendment made by the House to a Senate bill or resolution takes precedence of a motion to agree or disagree to said amendment
Rule 91 The questions which arise before the Senate respecting amendments by the House to a Senate bill or resolution are
1stA motion toagree to the House amendment
2d A motion to disagree to the House amendment
3d A motion to recede from its disagreement or amendment
4th A motion to insist on its disagreement or amendment
5th A motion to adhere to its agreement or amendment
They take precedence in the above order RECONSIDERATION
Rule 92 When the Journal of the preceding day shall be read it shall be in the power of any Senator to move for a reconsideration of any matter therein contained except such matter has been previously reconsidered provided such Senator shall notify the Senate of his intention to move such reconsideration at any time before the Journal is confirmed
Rule 93 The notice of a motion to reconsider shall not be withdrawn after the time has elapsed within which it might originally have been made
Rule 94 No matter shall be reconsidered more than once
Rule 95 Motions for reconsideration shall be in order immediately after the time for unanimous consents on the day succeeding the action sought to be reconsidered except that any matter which could not be reconsidered on the succeeding day shall be in order for reconsideration on the day of said action Provided a motion to reconsider the action of the Senate ordering immediate transmission of any bill or resolution to the House shall be made and disposed of before the transaction of other business
Rule 96 The action of the Senate upon an amendment may be reconsidered at any time before final action upon the section bill or resolution to which it relates
Rule 97 All bils reconsidered shall take their
Motion to reconsider
Shall not be
withdrawn
when
When there may be one reconsideration
When in order
Amendments when reconsidered
43
Place on calendar
place at the foot of calendar of bills then in order for a third reading
Morning
rollcall
dispensed
with by
majority
vote
Names of absentees noted
Sergeantatarms Power to compel at tendance
Call how ordered
Suubsequent
proceedings
ABSENTEES
Rule 98 The rollcall at the opening of each session of the Senate shall not be dispensed with except by a majority vote of the Senators present
Rule 99 Upon the call of the Senators ordinary and extraordinary the names of the absentees shall be noted by the Secretary and shall appear upon the Journal
COMPELLING ATTENDANCE
Rule 100 The power to compel the attendance of Senators in order to keep or secure a quorum shall be vested in the President and to this end he may have the doors of the Senate closed When the doors are so closed no Senator shall be allowed to retire from the Senate without first obtaining leave from the Senate
The Messenger of the Senate shall be exofficio SergeantatArms of the Senate and on order of the President may arrest any absentees and bring them before the Senate when necessary to secure a quorum as aforesaid
CALL OF THE SENATE
Rule 101 Whenever the result of a vote taken shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the Senate is present or when the President shall officially state the fact to the Senate it shall be in order for any Senator to make a motion for a call of the Senate and when this motion is made the President shall state the question as follows Shall the motion for the call of the Senate prevail and if five of the Senators present shall vote in the affirmative the President shall order the
44
Secretary to call the roll of Senators and the absentees shall be noted the doors shall then be closed after which the names of the absentees shall again be called over and those who do not appear and who are absent without leave may by the order of the majority of the Senators present be sent for and arrested wherever they may be found by officers to be appointed by the Messenger for that purpose and their attendance secured and the Senate shall determine upon what conditions they shall be discharged
MISCELLANEOUS RULES
Rule 102 When a message is sent to the Senate it shall be announced at the door of the Senate by the Doorkeeper and be respectfully communicated to the Chair by the person through whom it may be sent
Rule 103 Messages may be received at any time while the door is open except while a question is being put or a ballot or a viva voce vote is being taken A message shall be presented to the Senate by the President when received or afterwards according to its nature and the business on which the Senate is engaged or its consideration may on motion be ordered by the Senate
Rule 104 After a motion is stated by the President or read by the Secretary it shall be deemed to be in the possession of the Senate but may be withdrawn at any time before decision by consent of the Senate
Rule 105 Any member presenting a petition memorial or remonstrance shall as concisely as practicable intimate the name and object of the
Messages
Messages when received arid considered
Motions
Petitions
memorials
etc
45
No debate
Motions not privileged
Record
Not necessary to second motion
Committees how and when enlarged
Privileges of the flcor
petitioner memorialist or remonstrant which shall be noted on the Journal and the paper may then be referred without reading
Rule 106 Any motion to suspend the rules or change the order of business shall be decided without debate
Rule 107 Any motion not privileged containing new matter shall lie at least one day on the table
Rule 108 Whenever on any question the yeas and nays shall have been ordered the Secretary shall also enter on the Journal the names of those members not voting
Rule 109 Where a motion is made by any Senator it shall not be necessary that the same shall be seconded before being put to the Senate
Rule 110 After the announcement of the standing committees no other Senators shall be placed thereon unless it be at the request of a majority of the committee to be added thereto except when Senators have been elected to fill vacancies caused by death or otherwise the President may assign said Senators to such committees as he may see fit and he may fill any vacancy in chairmanships
Rule 111 No person shall be allowed to enter upon the floor of the Senate except the Senators and officers of the Senate the officers and members of the House the President of the United States and Cabinet members the Governor of the State and the heads of the offices of the Executive Department exGovernors Judges of the Supreme Court and Court of Appeals in actual commission expresiding officers of the Senate and House members of Congress from Georgia Govem
46
ors and members of the Legislature of any State of the United States members of the press actually reporting legislative proceedings and such others as the Senate may allow upon recommendation of the Committee on Privileges of the Floor but the privilege of the floor shall be extended to no person for a period longer than two days and not more than twice during any session
Rule 112 It shall be the duty of the committee on Journals to read the Journal of each days proceedings and report to the Senate that the same is correct before the Journal is read by the Secretary
Rule 113 The hours of the morning sessions of the Senate shall be from 10 oclock A M to one oclock P M when the Senate shall stand adjourned until ten oclock A M of the next succeeding day Sundays excepted unless otherwise ordered by the Senate
Rule 114 A motion for the call of the yeas and nays shall be decided without debate
Rule 115 All writs warrants subpoenas issued by order of the Senate shall be signed by the President and attested by the Secretary
Rule 116 It shall be the duty of the Messenger to attend to the wants of the Senate while in session to aid in the enforcement of order under the direction of the President and to execute the demands of the Senate from time to time together with all such processes issued under its authority as may be directed to him by the President
Rule 117 The Messenger under the direction of the Secretary shall superintend the distribution
Duty of Committee on Journals
Adjourn
ment
Motion for yeas and nays not debatable
Signature of President and Secretary
Duty of Messenger
Messengers duty in distributing documents etc
47
Interlineation forbidden
Pairing
Committee of Conference
Amend
ments
Free debate
by the Pages of all documents and papers to be distributed to the members he shall distribute to the members the usual and necessary stationery required by them
Rule 118 No committee shall deface or interline a bill resolution or other paper referred to said committee but shall report any amendments recommended on a separate paper noting the section page or line to which said amendments relate
Rule 119 No pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed as an excuse for not voting
Rule 120 Whenever any Senator moves that a Committee of Conference on disagreeing votes of the two Houses naming the number of members be appointed if said motion prevails the President shall appoint a committee on the part of the Senate and in such case the committee shall consist only of such Senators as voted in the majority on the position assumed by the Senate and if by inadvertence any Senator be nominated on said committee who was not in said majority vote he shall notify the Senate and be excused by the President
Rule 121 After commitment of a bill and report thereof to the Senate it may be amended before the report of the committee is agreed to by the Senate but the amendments if any reported by the committee shall be disposed of before any other amendment be considered unless it be an amendment to a committee amendment
Rule 122 No Senator shall after debating any question and before yielding the floor be allowed to submit any motion the effect of which shall be to prevent further debate
48
Rule 123 No motion on a subject different from that under consideration shall be admitted under color of amendment If a motion be made to strike out a part of a bill or resolution a motion to amend the part proposed to be stricken out shall be first in order
Rule 124 All reports of a committee shall be in writing and the minority of a committee may make a report in writing setting forth succinctly the reasons for their dissent
Rule 125 Every motion for information from the Executive or other Departments shall lie on the table one day unless referred to a committee by vote of the Senate
Rule 126 On the call of the yeas and nays the Secretary shall read the names of the Senators after they have been called and no Senator shall be permitted to change his vote unless he at that time declares that he voted under a mistake of the question
Rule 127 Questions of privilege shall be first those affecting the rights of the Senate collectively its safety dignity and integrity of its proceedings second the rights reputation and conduct of Senators individually in their representative capacity only and shall have precedence of all other questions Provided that when any matter is pending before the Senate no question of personal privilege shall be acted on until the pending question is disposed of
Rule 128 In all elections a majority of the Senators present shall be necessary to a choice
Motion
Majority and minority reports
What motions lie on table
Changing
votes
Questions of privilege
Elections
49
Appropriating moneyryeas and nays called and recorded Must originate in House Representatives
Amendment to Con stir tution entered in full in journals
Caption or title only to be read in local bills
Secretary to take oath and give bond
Oath of enrolling and engrossing Clerks
Rule 129 No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays are called and recorded All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money must originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills
Rule 130 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passage of an act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal and when any amendment to the Constitution shall be agreed to by a twothirds vote of members elected such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on the Journal in full with the yeas and nays taken thereon
Rule 131 The first and second reading of local bills shall consist of the reading of the titles only unless said bill is ordered engrossed
Rule 132 The Secretry and Assistant Secretary shall before entering on their duties as such take an oath before their presiding offcer to discharge their duties faithfully and to the best of their skill and knowledge and the Secretary shall enter into bond in the sum of 5000 conditional for faithful discharge of his duties Said bond to be approved by President of Senate
Rule 133 All engrossing and enrolling clerks before entering upon the discharge of their respective duties shall take an oath before the President of Senate to discharge their duties faithfully and to the best of their skill and knowledge of which a minute shall be made and entered on the Journals and no journalizing recording enrolling or
50
engrossing clerk shall be appointed by the Secretary of Senate until such clerk has been examined by the Enrolling Committee and certified to be competent and well qualified for the discharge of the duties required of him and shall be removed at any time upon recommendation of the Enrolling Committee
Rule 134 When there is a meeting of both branches of the General Assembly in joint session the Secretary shall enter in the Journal of the Senate the proceedings of the same
COMMITTEES
Rule 135 The President shall appoint the following standing committees
Committee on Academy for the Blind
Committee on Agriculture
Committee on Appropriations
Committee on Auditing
Committee on Banks and Banking
Committee on Commerce and Labor
Committee on Congressional and Legislative Reapportionment
Commititee on Constitutional Amendments
Committee on Corporations
Committee on Counties and County Matters
Committee on Drainage
Committee on Education and Public Schools
Committee on Engrossing
Committee on Enrollment
Committee on Finance
Committee on Forestry
Committee on Game and Fish
Committee on Hall and Rooms
Committee on Hygiene and Sanitation
Committee on Insurance
51
Must be examined by enrolling committee and be recommended by it as competent
Secretary must enter on journals proceedings of joint sessions
Committee on Highways
Committee on Internal Improvements
Committee on Journals
Committee on Judiciary No 1 for consideration of general bills
Committee on Judiciary No 2 for consideration of general bills
Committee on Judiciary for consideration of special or local bills
Committee on Manufactures
Committee on Military Affairs
Committee on Mines and Mining
Committee on Municipal Government
Committee on Penitentiary
Committee on Pensions
Committee on Privileges and Elections
Committee on Privileges of the Floor
Committee on Public Library
Committee on Public Printing
Committee on Public Property
Committee on Railroads
Committee on Rules of which the President shall be exofficio Chairman
Committee on School for the Deaf
Committee on State of the Republic
Committee on State Sanitarium
Committee on Temperance
Committee on Training Schools
Committee on Tuberculosis Sanitarium at Alto
Committee on Uniform Laws
Committee on University of Georgia
Committee on W A Railroad
The Chairman and Vicechairman of the Committee on Appropriations shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Finance and the Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Committee on Finance shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Appropriations
52
ORDER OF BUSINESS Rule 136 The following shall be the order of business
1 Prayer by the Chaplain
2 Call of the Roll
3 Report of Committee on Journals
4 Notices of motions ta reconsider
5 Reading the Journal
6 Motions to reconsider
7 Confirmation of the Journal
8 Unanimous consents
9 Reports of Standing Committees
10 Reports of Select Committees
11 Messages from the overnor
12 Unfinished business
13 Special Orders and Orders of the Day
14 Messages from the House of Representa
tives
15 Introduction of bills etc the first time on
Mondays Wednesdays and Thursdays
16 Reading House Bills etc the first time for
reference
17 Reading bills etc second time favorably re
ported from committees
18 Consideration of bills etc adversely re
ported on Tuesdays and Fridays
19 Reading for third time bills etc ready for
passage
20 Motions resolutions and petitions
Rule 137 The report of the Committee on Rules shall be in order at any time and messages from the Governor or from the House of Representatives may be received under any order of business
Rule 138 No change of or addition to these rules shall be made unless such proposed change
53
or addition be submitted in writing and referred to the Committee on Rules and reported back to the Senate
Rule 139 The rules of the Senate shall in no case be suspended or changed or the order of business changed except by a twothirds vote a quorum of the Senate being present and voting
Rule 140 The Auditing Committee before auditing the account of any Senator for expenses as a Committeeman or incurred in discharge of any duty as a member of the Senate shall require of him an itemized statement of such account supported by proper vouchers for each item whenever the same is practicable
Rule 141 When any question arises which is not provided for in the foregoing rules the same shall be controlled by the rules usually governing parliamentary bodies
54
RULES
FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE SENATE IN EXECUTIVE SESSION
1 When nominations shall be made by the Governor to the Senate a future day shall be assigned for their consideration unless the Senate directs otherwise
2 When acting on executive business the Senate shall be cleared of all persons except the Senators the Secretary and Assistant Secretary
3 All information or remarks touching or concerning the character or qualifications of any person nominated Jby the Governor for office shall be kept secret
4 The Legislative and Executive proceedings of the Senate shall be kept in separate and distinct books
5 All nominations approved by the Senate or otherwise definately acted on shall be transmitted by the Secretary to the Governor with the determination of the Senate thereon from day to day as such proceedings may occur but no further extract from the Executive Journal shall be furnished published or otherwise communicated during any session except by special order of the Senate and in transmitting the determination of the Senate thereon the Secretary shall in no instance furnish a list of the names of Senators voting in the affirmative or negative but only the fact of confirmation or rejection and the numerical vote and the record of votes shall be sealed and transmitted to the Secretary of States office there to be placed on file
55
6 A majority of a quorum shall be necessary to confirm the nomination to any office made by the Governor and sent to the Senate for approval When nominations are made by the Governor for any office which require the assent and approval of the Senate in executive session after the Secretary shall read the name of the party nominated and the position to which he is appointed the President shall ut to the Senate the following Shall the nomination of the Governor be confirmed by the Senate Those who favor the confirmation will as your names are called vote Aye those opposed vote No After the roll is called the President will announce the result of the ballot and declare the result as follows It appears from the vote that a majority of the Senators have voted to confirm the appointment made by the Governor the same is hereby confirmed by the Senate or A majority of the Senators have voted against the confirmation of the nomination made by the Governor it is therefore rejected by the Senate
7 No Senator will be at liberty at any time or under any circumstances to expose or publish anything transpiring in executive session except only such matters as are required to be disclosed under the rules It is the intent and meaning of this rule that the business transacted in executive session shall be sacred and free from exposure to the outside world and that every Senator shall be on his honor concerning the same
56

RULES
FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY WHEN ASSEMBLED IN JOINT SESSION
1 The time of the meeting of the two houses in joint session shall be determined by the concurrent resolution of the Senate and House of Representatives except where provided by law
2 The elections shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representatives Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare the result
3 The votes are to be taken for but one election at the same time and a majority of the whole number of votes cast is necessary to a choice
4 The Senate and House of Representatives shall meet in joint session in the hall of the House of Representatives on the first Monday of every session at 10 oclock a m or at such time as may be fixed by joint resolution of both houses for the purpose of electing such officers of said State as are now or may hereafter be required to be elected by the General Assembly Said joint session shall continue in morning and afternoon sessions from day to day until all of said officers are elected
5 At the hour determined by the concurrent resolution the Senate shall repair to the Hall of the House of Representatives
57
6 The President of the Senate shall preside and announce that the General Assembly is in joint session and cause to be read the resolution convening the same He shall put all questions to the body and decide all questions of order An appeal may be taken from any of his decisions to the whole General Assembly
7 The Speaker of the House shall sit on the left of the President of the Senate
8 In announcing a candidate the mover shall not make any commendatory or other remarks
9 After a person is nominated for any office in joint session of the General Assembly it shall not be in order tosecond such nomination and when the nomination is declared closed the President shall forthwith order the rollcall and each member when called shall rise in his seat and respond promptly announcing distinctly his choice for such office
10 In the elections by the General Assembly no member after having voted shall be allowed to change his vote unless he will rise and state in his place that he voted by mistake or that his vote has been recorded by mistake
11 No debate shall be in order except as to questions of order
12 No motion to adjourn shall be in order In lieu thereof there shall be the motion to dissolve the joint session which shall be in the form That the joint session of the General Assembly be now dissolved or That the joint session of the Gentral Assembly be now dissolved to be reconvened at a time named The latter motion shall have precedence of the former
13 The motion to dissolve the joint session either indefinitely or until a fixed time shall al
58
ways be in order except that after the call of the roll has commenced it shall not be in order until after the result of said vote shall have been declared by the President of the Senate
14 When a motion to dissolve the joint session shall be decided in the negative the same shall not again be in order until other business shall have intervened
15 When a motion to dissolve the joint session either indefiinitely or to a fixed time shall be decided in the affirmative the President of the Senate shall so declare and the Senate shall without further motion immediately repair to the Senate Chamber
16 The majority of each house shall be necessary to constitute a quorum of the joint session
17 These rules may be amended by the concurrent resolution of the two houses and they or either of them shall cease to be in force when either house shall notify the other house of the withdrawal of its consent to the same
59











jj

i3
Officers and Members of the House of Representatives
OFFICERS
OF THE
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
1923 AND 1924
W CECIL NEILL of MuscogeeSpeaker
R B RUSSELL JR of BarrowSpeaker Pro Tern E B MOORE of DeKalb V Clerk
FRED T BRIDGES of Laurens Reading Clerk
MALLON SHEFFIELD of Fulton Journal Clerk
JULIAN E ROSS of Richmond Message Clerk
V H HAYNES of GordonMessenger
J G McELROY of WaltonDoorkeeper
62
MEMBERS
OF THE
House of Representatives of Georgia
WITH
COUNTY AND POSTOFFICE
19231924
NAMES OF COUNTIES ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED
County
Appling Hg
Atkinson
Bacon
Baker
Baldwin
Banks
Barrow
Bartow
Bartow
Ben Hill
Berrien
Bibb
Bibb
Bibb
Bleckley
Brantley
Brooks
Brooks
Bryan
Bulloch
Bulloch
Burke
Burke
Butts
Calhoun
Camden
Campfbell
Candler
Carroll
Carroll
Catoosa
Charlton
Chatham
Chatham
Chatham
Chattahoochee
Chattooga
Cherokee
Name Postoffice
J B Moore 4Baxley
C E Stewart Axson
J N Johnson Rockingham Rt 2
H L Wingate Arlington Rt 1
J Howard Ennis Milledgeville
J B G Logan Homer
JR B Russell Jr Winder
G H Aubrey Cartersville
W D TrippeTaylorsville
L L GrinerFitzgerald
Perry T Knight Ray City
Ben J Fowler Macon
Mrs Viola Ross Napier Macon
JN R Winship Macon
Charles Mullis Cochran
Jos B Strickland Nahunta
JW R Blease Barney
S M Turner Quitman
Dr W K Smith Pembroke
Harvey D Brannen Statesboro
J C Parrish Portal
H Cliff Hatcher Waynesboro
JW D Bell Sardis
J L LyonsJackson
JB W FortsonArlington
B A AtkinsonWaverly
L S CampFairburn
M S MilesMetter Rt 1
I H P BeckBowdon
J R Spence ClemRt 1
R H Bandy Tunnell Hill Rt 2
T L Pickren Folkston
D S Atkinson Savannah
J Hammond Eve Savannah
W G Sutlive Savannah
Dr Chas N Howard JrCusseta
T J Anderson Holland
John W Collins Canton
63
Name
Fostoffice
County
Clarke
Clarke
Clay
Clayton
Clinch
Cobb
Cobb
Coffee
Colquitt Colquitt Columbia
Cook
Coweta Coweta Crawford
Crisp
Dade
Dawson Decatur Decatur DeKalb DeKalb DeKalb
Dodge
Dodge
Dooly
Dougherty Douglas
Early
Echols
Effingham
Elbert
Elbert
Emanuel Emanuel
Evans
Fannin
Fayette
Floyd
Floyd
Floyd
Forsyth Franklin
Fulton
Fulton
Fulton
Gilmer
Glascock
Glynn
Gordon
Grady
Greene
Gwinnett
Gwinnett
JR Toombs DuBose Athens
Frank A Holden Athens
A T King Fort Gaines
J D DeFoorMorrow
Folks Huxford Homerville
J G Roberts Marietta
1C M Head Marietta Rt 5
Dr D H Meeks Nichols
W A Covington Moultrie
R L Norman Norman Park
Lonnie L Fleming Leah
J S Jones Adel
J Littleton Jones Newnan
A Sidney Camp Newnan
M B Carr Gaillard
A Stanley Bussey Cordele
W N Tatum Trenton
J E Robertson Gainsville Rt 10
T M Hines Attapulgus
G B TooleBaSnbridge
jC N Guess Stone Mountain
L J SteeleDecatur
Albert J Woodruff Decatur
0 R Bennett Eastman
J H Milner Eastman
E B Dykes Byromville
W H BurtAlbany
T R Whitley Douglasville
J D Haddock Damascus
W C Carter Lake Park Rt 311
A N GrovensteinGuyton
T J Hulme Elberton
Dr A S J StovallElberton
W E BoatrightSwainsboro
J Leonard Rountree Summit
B G Tippins Bellville
H M StanleyDue
J W CulpepperFayetteville
J Scott Davis Cave Springs
James P JonesRome
Lee J Langley Rome
John L Johnson Gumming
G A Adams Royston
Miss Bessie Kempton Atlanta
John Y Smith Atlanta
J 0 WoodAtlanta
A 0 Penland Ellijay
E L Braddy Gibson
B F Mann Brunswick
L R Pitts Calhoun
J R Singletary Ciro
Felix E Boswell Greensboro
Jno C HoustonLawrenceville
J S Shettlesworth Lilburn
64
County Name Postoffice
Habersham John L Perkins Cornelia
Hall S K Christopher Gainesville
Hall Otis P Latham Gainesville
Hancock Thos F Fleming Sparta
Haralson Sidney M Golden Buchanan Rt 2
Harris B J Williams Hamilton
Hart W B McMullan Hartwell
Heard Dr J W Daniel Franklin
Henry A C Norman McDonough Rt 1
Houston J P Duncan Perry
Irwin Warren Fletcher Mystic
Jackson H P DeLaPerriere Hoschton
Jackson S G Swindle Hull
Jasper Monroe Philips Monticello
Jeff Davis T M Linder Hazlehurst
Jefferson Roy V Harris Louisville
Jefferson T Smith Bartow
Jenkins J A Dixon Millen
Johnson Dr D C Harrison Kite
Jones J H Wright Gray
Lmar J D Smith Barnesville
Lanier W M Pafford Mi 11 town
Laurens Ernest Clark Dexter
Laurens S P New Dublin
Laurens Henry Bunn WimberlyDublin
Lee E L Simpson Smithville
Liberty Ben A Way Hinesville
Lincoln T M Price Double Branches
Long T L Howard Ludowici Rt B
Lowndes J B Copeland Valdosta
Lowndes Will H Stanford Valdosta
Lumpkin Dr Craig R Arnold Dahlonega
McDuffie Richard Bowden Thomson
McIntosh Wm S Tyson Darien
Macon Dr Chas A Greer Oglethorpe
Madison G Preston Whitworth Hull
Marion E H McMichael Buena Vista
Meriwether W R Jones Greenville
Meriwether A D Jones Woodbury
Miller D A Kirkland Colquitt
Melton J H Mansell Roswell
Mitchell T M Mavo Jr Camilla
Mitchell H L McDonald Pelham
Monroe Samuel Rutherford Forsyth
Montgomery Hugh Peterson Jr Ailey
Morgan A G Adair Rutledge Rt 2
Murray V C Pickering Chatsworth
Muscogee S B Hatcher Jr Columbus
Muscogee W C Neill Columbus
Muscogee R 0 Perkins Columbus
Newton L P Lovd Covington
Oconee F A Gillen Watkinsville
Oglethorpe C 0 Stevens Crawford
Paulding B McGarity Dallas
65
County Name Postoffice
Pickens G H Hamrick Ludville
Pierce S P Sweat Blackshear
Pike J C Owen Concord
Polk Dr Charles W Peek Cedartown Rt 6
Pulaski Geo W Jordan Hawkinsville
Putnam Gordon B Callaway Eatonton
Quitman G F Worthy Hatcher Station
Rabun James E Beckley Clayton
W R Curry Shellman
Richmond E B Re ville Blythe
Richmond Jos B Cumming Augusta
Richmond Patrick H Rowe Augusta
Rockdale C R Vaughn Conyers
Schley C R McCrory Ellaville
Screven I H Evans Halcyondale
Screven H L Howard Sylvania
Seminole W H VanLandinghamDonalsonville
Spalding A K Maddox Griffin
Stephens Fermor Barrett Toecoa
Stewart G Y Harrell Lumpkin
Sumter E A Hines Americus
Sumter G W Riley Americus
Talbot A J Perryman Talbotton
Taliaferro WW Bird Crawfordville
Tattnall H H Elders Reidsville
Taylor C W Foy Butler
Telfair D W Phillips Lumber City
Terrell W B Parks Dawson
Thomas H R Banister Coolidge
Thomas Thomas Davis Meigs
Tift R C Ellis Tifton
Toombs Ernest C Wimberly Lyons
Towns E L Adams Young Harris
Treutlen E E Cox Soperton
Troup J B Daniel LaGrange
Troup Mark McCullough West Point
D J Branch Ashburn
Twiggs F E Wimberly Jeffersonville
Union C A Duvall Blairs ville
Upson J J Childs Thomaston
Walker F McClure i LaFayette
Walker D F Pope LaFayette
Walton Alonzo C Stone Monroe
Walton J B Wilson Monroe
Ware W W Griffis Millwood
Ware Calvin W Parker Waycross
Warren John C Evans Warrenton
Washington J E Hyman Sanders ville
Washington Jeff W Warren Sandersville
Wayne J P Shedd Jesup
Webster J W Montgomery Preston
Wheeler Martin Jenkins Stuckey
White 0 B West Sautee
Whitfield W M Sapp Dalton
66
County
Name
Postoffice
Wilcox R 0 Holton Rochelle
Wilkes J T LindseyWashington
Wilkes C H Or Washington
Wilkinson W L Dixon Irwinton
Worth W O Bozeman Sylvester
Worth C W Hillhouse Sylvester
67
MEMBERS OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTA TIVES FOR THE SESSION 19231924 ARRANGED ALPHABETIBALLY ACCORDING TO NAME
Name
Adair A G
Adams G A
Adams E L
Anderson T J
Arnold Craig R
Atkinson B A
Atkinson D S
Aubrey G H
Bandy R H
Banister H R
Barrett Fermor
Beck I H P
Bell W D
Bennett O R
Bird W W
Blease W R
Bleckley J E
Boatwright W E
Boswell Felix E
Bowden Richard
Bozeman W 0
Braddy E L
Branch D J
Brannen Harvey
Burt W H
Bussey A Stanley Callaway Gordon B Camp Lawrence S Camp A Sidney
Carr M B
Carter W C
Childs J J
Christonher S K
Clark Ernest
Collns J W
Copeland J B
Covin ertn W A
Cox E E
Culpepper J W
Cummin01 J B
Currv W R
Dan1el T W
Hamel J B
Davis T Scott
Davis Thomas
County Post Office
Morgan Rutledge R 2
Franklin Royston
Towns Young Harris
Chattooga Holland
Lumpkin Dahlonega
Waverly
Chatham Savannah
Rartow Cartersville
Tunnell Hill R 2
Thomas Coolidge
Stephens Toccoa
Carroll Bowdon
Rnrke Sardis
Dodge Eastman
Taliaferro Crawfordville
Brooks Barney
Rabun Clayton
Emanuel Swainsboro
Greene Greensboro
McDuffie Thomson
Worth Sylvester
Glascock Gibson
Turner Ashburn
Bulloch Statesboro
Dougherty Albany
Crisp Cordele
Putnam Eatonton
Campbell Fairburn
Coweta Newman
Crawford Gaillard
Echols Lake Park Rt 311
TTpson Thomaston
Hall Gainesville
Jurens Dexter
Cherokee Canton
Jjowndles Valdosta
Colauitt Moultrie
Treutlen Sonerton
Favette Fayetteville
Richmond Augusta
Fnnolph Shellman
Heard Franklin
TrouP LaGrange
Floyd Cave Springs
Thomas Meigs
68
Name
Countj
Post Office
DeFoor J BClayton Morrow
jjeLarernere 1 P o acsson Hoschton
jjuxon J A j emons Miiien
jjixon W L Wilkinson irwinton
HuJtsose R Toomos ularKe Athens
JJuncan J PJtiouston Perry
Hu van C Aunion B lairs ville
DyKes F BJuooiy Byromville
Fiaers H M Tattnall Keidsville
Fins K CTift Tifton
Fnnis J H Baldwin Milledgeville
Fvans I Hbcreven Halcyondale
Evans J CWarren Warrenton
Eve J Hammond Chatham Savannah
Fleming Lonnie L Columbia Leah
Fleming Thomas FHancock Sparta
Fletcher Warren IrwinMystic
Fortson B WCalhoun Arlington
Fowler Ben J Bibb Macon
Foy C WTaylor Butler
Gillen F AOconee Watkinsville
Golden Sidney MHaralson Buchannan Rt 2
Greer Chas AMaconiOglethorpe
Griffis W WWare Millwood
Griner L LBen Hill Fitzgerald
Grovenstein A N 4Effingham Guyton
Guess Carl NDeKalb Stone Mountain
Haddock J DEarly Damascus
Hamrick G WPickens Ludville
Harrell G YStewart Lumpkin
Harris Roy VJefferson Louisville
Harrison D C Johnson Kite
Hatcher H Cliff Burke Waynesboro
Hatcher S B JrMuscogee Columbus
Head C MCobb Marietta Rt 5
HiJlhouse C WWorth Sylvester
Hines T M Decatur Attapulgus
Hines E A Sumter Americus
Holden Frank A Clarke Athens
Holton R 0Wilcox Rochelle
Houston John CGwinnett Lawrenceville
Howard Charles N Chattahoochee Cusseta
Howard T LLong Ludowici Rt B
Howard H L Screven Sylvania
Hulme T JElberij Elberton
Huxford Folks Clinch Homerville
Hyman J EWashington Sandersville
Jenkins Martin Wlieeler Stuckey
Johnson J NBacon Rochingham Rt 2
Johnson John LForsyth iCumming
Jones J SCook Adel
Jones J Littleton Coweta Newnan
Jones Tames PFloyd Rome
Jones A DMeriwether Woodbury
69
Name County Post Office
Jones W R Meriwether Greenville
Jordon Geo W Pulaski Hawkinsville
Kempton Miss BessieFuiton Atlanta
Ring A T Clay Fort Gaines
Kirkland D A t Miller Colquitt
Knight Perry T Berrien Ray City
Langley Lee J Floyd Rome
Latham Otis P Hall Gainesville
Linder T M Jeff Davis Hazlehurst
Lindsey J T Wilkes Washington
Logan J B G Banks Homer
Loyd L P Newton Covington
Lyons J L Butts Jackson
McClure Freeman Walker LaFayette
McCrory C R Schley Ellaville
McCullough Mark Troup West Point
McDonald H L Mitchell Pelham
McGarity C B Paulding Dallas
McMichael E H Marion Buena Vista
McMullan W R Hart Hartwell
Maddox K Spalding Griffin
Mann B F Glynn Brunswick
Mansell J H Milton Roswell
Mayo j M Jr Mitchell Camilla
Meeks D H Coffee Nichols
Miles M S Candler Metter Rt 1
Milner J H Dodge Eastman
Montgomery J W Webster Preston
Moore J B Appling Baxley
Mullis Charles Bleckley Cochran
Napier Mrs Viola R Bibb Macon
Neill W C Muscogee Columbus
New S P Laurens Dublin
Norman R L Colquitt Norman Park
Norman A C Henry McDonough Rt i
Orr C H Wilkes Washington
Owen J C Pike Concord
Pafford W M Lanier Milltown
Parker Calvin W Ware Waycross
Parks W B Terrell Dawson
Parrish J C Bulloch Portal
Peek Chas W Polk Cedartown Rt 6
Penland S 0 Gilmer E Hi jay
Perkins R 0 Muscogee Columbus
Perkins John L Habersham Cornelia
Perryman A J Talbot Talbotton
Peterson Hugh Jr Montgomery Ailey
Phillips Monroe Jasper Monticello
Phillips D W Telfair Lumber City
Pickering V C Murray Chatsworth
Pickren T L Charlton Folkston
Pitts L R Gordon Calhoun
Pope D F Walker LaFayette
Price J M Lincoln Double Branches
70
Name
County
Post Office
Roberts J GCobb
Simpson E LLee
Sweat S PPierce
Swindle S GJacks
Tatum W MDade
Tippins B GEvans
Toole G B
Trippe W D
Turner S M
West 0 BZZwhite
Wingate H LBaker
Winship N RBibb
Wood J 0Fulton
Wright J Hjones
Richmond Blythe
Sumter Americus
Cobb Marietta
Dawson Gainesville Rt 10
Emanuel Summit
Richmond Augusta
Barrow Winder
Monroe Forsyth
Whitfield Dalton
Wayne Jessup
Gwinnett Lilburn
Lee Smithville
Grady Cairo
Bryan Pembroke
Fulton
Jefferson Bartow
Lamar Barnesville
Carroll Clem Rt 1
Lowndes Valdosta
Fannin Due
DeKalb Decatur
Oglethorpe Crawford
Atkinson Axson
Walton Monroe
Elbert Elberton
Brantley Nahunta
Chatham Savannah
Pierce Blackshear
Jackson Hull
Dade Trenton
Evans Bellville
Decatur Bainbridge
Bartow Taylorsville
Brooks Quitman
McIntosh Darien
Seminole Donaldsonville
Rockdale Conyers
Washington Sandersville
Liberty
White Sautee
Douglas Douglasville
LMadison Hull
Harris Hamilton
Walton Monroe
Laurens Dublin
Toombs Lyons
Twiggs Jeffersonville
Baker Arlington Rt 1
Bibb Macon
Fulton Atlanta
DeKalb Decatur
Quitman Hatcher Station
Jones Gray
71
I
Standing Committees of the House of Representatives
73
Standing Committees of the House
ACADEMY FOR THE BLIND
Reville Chairman Adair Bird
Dixon of Wilkinson
Fleming of Columbia
Hillhouse
Kirkland
Latham
Montgomery
Owen ViceChairman
Norman of Colquitt
Price
Riley
Shettlesworth Simpson Smith of Bryan Strickland
Wimberly of Laurens
AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION
Jones W R of Meriwether Chairman Aubrey Barrett Bird
Boatwright
Brannen
Callaway
Camp of Campbell
Copeland
Covington
Culpepper
Cumming
Curry
Dixon of Jenkins
Duncan
Dykes
Ellis
Elders
Fleming of Hancock
Fortson
Fowler
Grovenstein
Haddock
Hatcher of Muscogee Hines of Decatur Howard of Chattahoochee
Holden ViceChairman Howard of Screven Jones of Coweta Knight McClure Mann Mayo Milner Moore Mullis Napier New Parks Pickering Pickren Perryman Russell Rutherford Steele Stone Sutlive Sweat Tatum
Van Landingham
Way
Wood
74
APPROPRIATIONS
Culpepper Chairman Arnold
Atkinson of Chatham
Barrett
Beck
Bird
Burt
Camp of Coweta
Carr
Copeland
Covington
Cumming
Curry
Davis of Floyd DeLaPerriere DuBose Elders
Fleming of Hancock
Griner
Harris
Harrison
Hatcher of Burke
Hines of Sumter
Howard of Long
Hulme
Huxford
Jones W R of Meriwether
Dykes ViceChairman Jordan King Linder McCullough McGarity Maddox Mayo Moore Mullis
Norman of Henry
Orr
Owen
Pafford
Perkins of Muscogee
Peterson
Riley
Roberts
Rountree
Simpson
Smith of Lamar
Stevens
Stewart
Stone
Van Landingham
Wood
Wright
AUDITING
Jones A D of Meriwether Chairman Adair Bandy Carter Christopher Duvall
Hillhouse ViceChairman Johnson of Bacon Pickren Price
Shettlesworth
Williams
Worthy
75
BANKS AND BANKING
DeLaPierre Chairman Bell Curry
Davis of Thomas
Evans of Warren
Grovenstein
Holton
Jordan
Latham
Logan
McCullough
McDonald
McGarity
Mansell
Mayo
Tippins ViceChairman Montgomery Moore Mullis Owen Pafford Parish Perryman Rountree Shettlesworth Smith of Jefferson Trippe Turner
Van Landingham
Warren
Whitley
CONSERVATION
Ellis Chairman
Adams of Towns Banister Bleckley Childs Cox Eve Griffis Howard of Chattahooche
Lindsey
McMullan
Mann
Carr ViceChairman Napier Orr
Penland
Perkins of Habersham Pope Rountree Shedd Spence Stone Sutlive Sweat
CORPORATIONS
PiCKREN Chairman Adair Banister Bell
Bennett
Blease
Bowden
Branch of Turner
Clark
Cox
Harris
Hines of Decatur Jenkins
Jones A D of Meriwether Kirkland
Jones of Floyd ViceChairman Loyd Lyons Miles
Norman of Colquitt Peek
Phillips of Jasper
Pickering
Pope
Price
Robertson
Rowe
Singletary
Stanford
Tippins
Way
COUNTY AND COUNTY MATTERS
Dixon of Jenkins Chairman Strickland ViceChairman
Adair
Atkinson of Camden
Atkinson of Chatham
Bird
Boswell
Burt
Carr
Clark
Davis of Floyd
Duncan
Dykes
Evans of Warren
Fortson
Gillen
Grier
Griffis
Griner
Haddock
Hines of Decatur
Hatcher of Muscogee
Hulme
Huxford
Hyman
Johnson of Forsyth Jones A D of Meriwether Meeks Parker
Perkins of Muscogee Peterson
Phillips of Telfair Pickren Reville
V imberley of Twiggs
Wingate
Wright
77
DRAINAGE
Boswell Chairman
Bell
Branch
Christopher
Dixon of Jenkins
Duvall
Grovenstein
Haddock
Howard of Screven
Head ViceChairman
Jenkins Loyd Lyons Mansell New
Phillips of Jasper
Roberts
West
EDUCATION
Elders Chairman
Adams of Towns
Banister
Beck
Bennett
Bozeman
Callaway
Cox
Covington Davis of Floyd Davis of Thomas Duncan Ellis
Fleming of Columbia
Foy
Golden
Greer
Griffis
Harrison
Hamrick
Head
Hillhouse
Holton
Howard of Long Hyman
Jones of Cook
Camp of Campbell ViceChair man King McClure McCrory McMichael McMullan Mansell Napier
Norman of Colquitt
Phillips of Jasper
Pitts
Rountree
Rowe
Sapp
Simpson
Smith of Bryan
Smith of Lamar
Spence
Stanford
Stanley
Steele
Toole
Trippe
Whitworth
Wimberley of Toombs Wright
78
ENGROSSING
Branch Chairman Bandy
Evans of Screven Evans of Warren Fletcher of Irwin
Smith of Jefferson ViceChairman Hamrick Linder Stanley
ENROLLMENT
DeFoor Chairman
Adams of Franklin
Boatwright
Golden
McCrory
Penland
Peterson
Duvall Vice Chairman Pickren Pope Spence Swindle
Wimberley of Twiggs Winship
EXCUSES OF MEMBERS ABSENT WITHOUT LEAVE
Simpson Chairman Wimberley of Toombs Vice
Anderson Chairman
Carter Foy
Norman of Henry
GAME AND FISH
Tyson Chairman
Atkinson of Camden
Carr
Cox
Davis of Thomas Ellis
Evans of Screven
Griner
Head
Houston
Kirkland
Phillips of Jasper ViceChairman Linder Mann Meeks Parish
Phillips of Telfair
Robertson
Stewart
Williams
Winship
79
GENERAL AGRICULTURE No 1
Haddock Chairman Bell
Bennett
Bird
Boswell
Brannen
Callaway
Camp of Campbell
Carr
Clark
Collins
Dixon of Wilkinson
DuBose
Dykes
Elders
Evans of Screven
Eve
Griner
Head
Howard of Screven
King
Knight
Langley
Hines of Decatur ViceChairman Lindsey McGarity Mansell Mayo Milner Montgomery New Peek
Perryman
Russell
Sapp
Simpson
Singletary
Stanford
Strickland
Swindle
Whitworth
Williams
Wimberley of Twiggs Worthy
80
GENERAL AGRICULTURE No 2
McMichael Chairman Adair
Adams of Towns
Arnold
Banister
Blease
Boatwright
Carter
Childs
Culpepper
Daniel of Troup
Davis of Floyd
Davis of Thomas
Griffis
Grovenstein
Hamrick
Harrell
Harris
Hines of Sumter Howard of Long Hulme Hyman
Johnson of Bacon Johnson of Forsyth Jones of Cook
Jones A D of Meriwether
DeFoor ViceChairman
Jones W R of Meriwether Linder Loyd McClure McDonald McMullan Meeks Miles
Norman of Henry
Owen
Parker
Parrish
Phillips of Telfair
Rountree
Rowe
Shedd
Stewart
Tippins
Tatum
Trippe
Van Landingham Way Wingate Wright
81
GENERAL JUDICIARY No 1
Guess Chairman Foy ViceChairman
Adams of Franklin McCrory
Aubrey McGarity
Bowden Maddox
Bozeman Napier
Brannen Peterson
Covington Perkins of Habersham
Christopher Rowe
Duncan Rutherford
Elders Sapp
Ellis of Tift Singletary
Gillen Steele
Harrell Stone
Harris of Jefferson Turner
Holden Tyson
Holton Van Landingham
Houston Yaughn
Howard of Screven Warren
Hyman Way
Jones of Floyd Wimberly of Laurens
Knight Wood Woodruff
GENERAL JUDICIARY No 2
Parks Chairman Hatcher of Muscogee Vice
Atkinson of Chatham Chairman
Barrett Hulme
Burt Jones of Coweta
Bussey Jones W R of Meri
Callaway wether
Camp of Coweta Logan
Collins McClure
Copeland Mayo
Cumming Milner
Culpepper Moore
Curry New
Dixon of Jenkins Perkins of Muscogee
Dykes Pope
Fleming of Hancock Roberts
Fortson Russell
Fowler Smith of Fulton
Hatcher of Burke Huxford Wilson
82
GEORGIA SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF
Jones of Floyd Chairman Peek ViceChairman Anderson Kempton
Arnold Lindsey
Daniel of Heard Phillips of Telfair
Fletcher Robertson
Hillhouse Whitley
GEORGIA STATE SANITARIUM
Smith of Bryan Chairman Arnold ViceChairman
Anderson Linder
Bennett McCullough
Bleckley McGarity
Boswell McMullan
Branch Maddox
Carr Mansell
Clark Mullis
Gumming Napier
DeFoor Orr
Dixon of Wilkinson Pafford
Duvall Peterson
Ennis Pickren
Evans of Warren Pope
Fleming of Columbia Reville
Fletcher Sapp
Greer Shettlesworth
Grovenstein Singletary
Hamrick Spence
Harrison Stevens
Holton Sweat
Howard of Chattahoo Swindle
che Whitworth
Hulme Williams
Huxford Wilson
Johnson of Bacon Wimberley of Twiggs
Jordan Worthy
Kirkland Wright
HALLS AMD ROOMS
Mulls Chairman Johnson of Forsyth V C
Kirkland Williams
Mayo Winship
83
HYGIENE AND SANITATION
Whitley Chairman Arnold Childs Clark
Cox
Daniel of Heard
Ellis
Greer
Harrison ViceChairman Grovenstein Latham Meeks Peek
Smith of Bryan Stovall
INSURANCE
Smith of Lamar Chairman McCullough ViceChairman
Bennett Brannen Brown
Camp of Coweta Copeland Cumming DuBose Harris
Jones of Cook King
Lindsey Miles
Phillips of Telfair
Riley
Stanford
Sweat
Toole
Turner
Van Landingham
INVALID PENSIONS AND SOLDIERS HOME Braddy Chairman Montgomery ViceChairman
Adams of Towns Davis of Thomas
Anderson Knight
Branch Smith of Bryan
Camp of Coweta Trippe
JOURNALS
Bell Chairman Bussey ViceChairman
Dixon of Wilkinson Shettlesworth
Norman of Colquitt Tatum
LABOR AND LABOR STATISTICS Stewart Chairman Way ViceChairman
Camp of Campbell Langley
Collins Parker
Daniel of Troup Pope
Eve Reville
Foy Russell
Griner Simpson
Guess Stanford
Hatcher of Muscogee Stovall
Hines of Sumter Tatum
Holden Tyson
84
LEGISLATIVE AND CONGRESSIONAL REAPPORTIONMENT
Howard of Long Chairman
First District
Brannen Howard of Long
Second District
Banister
Bozeman
Jones of Coweta ViceChmn
Seventh District
Jones of Floyd McGarity
Eighth District
Adams of Franklin McMullan
Third District
Dykes
Bussey
Fourth District Jones of Coweta Williams
Fifth District Vaughn Wood
Sixth District Culpepper Winship
Ninth District
Logan
Collins
Tenth District
Bird
Evans of Warren
Eleventh District Blease Fletcher
Twelth District
Holton New
MANUFACTURES
Eve Chairman Bussey Christopher DeLaPerriere Griner Guess
Hatcher of Burke
Head
Hillhouse
Loyd
McClure
McCullough
Toole ViceChairman Mann Mullis
Norman of Colquitt
Rountree
Rowe
Smith of Jefferson
Smith of Lamar
Tatum
Vaughn
Woodruff
85
MILITARY AFFAIRS
Burt Chairman Bussey Cumming Ennis
Evans of Warren Fleming of Columbia Fowler
Atkinson of Camden ViceC Holden McClure Simpson
Wimberley of Toombs Wingate
MINES AND MINING
Tatum of Dade Chairman Pickering ViceChairman
Adams of Towns Perkins of Habersham
Arnold Shettlesworth
Bandy Stanley
Collins Swindle
Johnson of Forsyth West
MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT
Mann Chairman Fleming of Columbia VC
Atkinson Latham
Bandy Logan
Bell Maddox
Bird Mayo
Boatwright Parker
Burt Parrish
Camp of Campbell Reville
Carr Roberts
DeLaPerriere Sapp
Duncan Smith of Fulton
Foy Stevens
Gillen Swindle
Griffis Vaughn
Harrell Wimberley of Laurens
Jones of Floyd Wood
86
PENITENTIARY
Perryman Chairman Bird Blease Bowden Braddy Callaway Collins Covington Curry
Daniel of Heard DeLaPerriere Dixon of Wilkinson Duncan Duvall Ellis Fletcher Foy Gillen Greer Griffis Guess Haddock Hamrick Harrell Harrison Hines of Decatur Hines of Sumter Howard of Chattahooche Hulme Huxford Jenkins
Johnson of Forsyth Jones of Cook Jones of Coweta Jones W R of Meriwether Kempton King
Camp ViceChairman Kirkland Lindsey Loyd McCrory McGarity Mann Mayo
Montgomery
Napier
Orr
Parks
Penland
Perkins of Habersham
Perkins of Muscogee
Phillips of Telfair
Pickren
Pope
Roberts
Robertson
Rountree
Rowe
Rutherford
Sapp
Shedd
Smith of Lamar
Spence
Stewart
Stone
Stovall
Sutlive
Sweat
Tatum
Vaughn
Warren
Whitley
Williams
Wilson
Wimberley of Twiggs Wingate
PENSIONS
Anderson Chairman Bleckley Bandy Braddy
Davis of Thomas Johnson of Bacon Knight Lindsey
Childs Vice Chairman Norman of Henry Shetlesworth Stanley Stone Stovall
Wimberley of Laurens Wingate

PRIVILEGES AND ELECTIONS
Moore Chairman
Adams of Franklin
Aubrey
Bowden
Daniel of Troup Evans of Warren Evans of Screven Fletcher
Hatcher of Burke
Huxford
Hyman
Johnson of Bacon Kempton
Jones of Floyd ViceC McDonald McMichael Penland Singletary s Smith of Bryan Strickland Sutlive Trippe
Wimberley of Toombs
Winship
Woodruff
PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR
Evans of Warren Chairman Carter ViceChairman Braddy Tippins
Golden Worthy
Smith of Fulton
88
PUBLIC HIGHWAYS
Turner Chairman Burt ViceChairman
Adair Logan
Arnold McMichael
Barrett Maddox
Bird Mann
Boswell Milner
Brannen Mullis
Camp of Coweta Parker
Christopher Penland
Clark Perryman
Curry Pickering
Daniel of Troup Reville
DeLaPerriere Riley
Dixon of Jenkins Rountree
DeFoor Russell
Ellis Rutherford
Ennis Sapp
Fletcher Singletary
Fowler Smith of Bryan
Griner Smith of Jefferson
Guess Smith of Lamar
Hatcher of Burke Spence
Hatcher of Muscogee Stanley
Howard of Chattahoo Stewart
chee Sutlive
Jones of Cook Tatum
Jones W R of Meri Tippins
wether Trippe
Kempton Whitworth
King Williams
Langley Winship
Linder
PUBLIC LIBRARY
Fleming of Hancock ChairORR ViceChairman
man Dixon of Jenkins
Atkinson of Camden Dixon of Wilkinson
Aubrey Kempton
Covington Langley
Daniel of Troup Stevens
DeFoor Tyson
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PUBLIC PRINTING
McCrory Chairman Boatwright ViceCairman
Beck Perryman
Braddy Price
Langley Stewart
McClure Sutlive
Parrish Wood
PUBLIC PROPERTY
Langley Chairman Beck Boswell Carter Copeland Daniel of Troup DeLaPerriere Evans of Screven Eve
Fortson
Fowler
Guess
Hillhouse
Harrell ViceCairman Holden Jordan Pafford Parks
Perkins of Habersham
Pitts
Russell
Smith of Fulton Stovall Swindle Tippins 5 West Wright
RAILROADS
Houston Chairman
Atkinson of Chatham Atkinson of Camden Barrett
Dixon of Jenkins Dykes
Fleming of Hancock
Fortson
Fowler
Grovenstein
Gillen
Hines of Sumter Holden Huxford Hyman
Perkins of Muscogee VC Johnson of Bacon Jones W R of Meriwether Lindsey McDonald Miles Moore Parks Tatum Turner Warren Whitworth Woodruff
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REFORMATORIES
Napier Chairman Branch
Daniel of Heard Davis of Floyd Lyons McMichael New
Braddy ViceChairman Norman of Henry Owen
Phillips of Jasper
Pitts
Trippe
RULES
The Speaker ExOfficio
Chairman
First District
Eve
Second District
Burt
Third District
Parks
Fourth District McMichael
Fifth District
Smith of Fulton
Sixth District
Fowler
Seventh District Tatum
Eighth District DuBose
Ninth District Russell
Tenth District
Hyman
Milner ViceChairman
Eleventh District Turner
Twelfth District
Milner
From the State at Large Barrett Covington Culpepper DeLaPerriere Dykes Elders Ennis
Fleming of Hancock Jones W R of Meriwether Mann Mayo Parker Rutherford Steele Stevens
SANITARIUM AT ALTO
Greer Chairrhan
Daniel of Heard Golden
Howard of Chattahoochee Latham Logan Meeks
Bleckley ViceChairman Milner Peek Perkins
Smith of Bryan
West
Whitley
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SPECIAL JUDICIARY
Mayo Chairman
Adams of Franklin
Banister
Bowden
Childs
Gumming
Duncan
Fletcher
Holton
Bozeman ViceChairman Howard of Screven Hyman McDonald Maddox Moore Pafford
Smith of Jefferson
Strickland
West
STATE OF THE REPUBLIC
Bussey Chairman Singletary ViceChairman
Bozeman Peek
Dixon of Jenkins Van Landingham
Hyman
TEMPERANCE
Covington Chairman Adams of Towns Beck Bennett Curry DeFoor Houston Huxford Jones of Cook Lyons McCrory McMichael
Knight ViceChairman Mann Napier Parks Penland Perryman Stanley Stovall Warren Whitley
Wimberley of Toombs Woodruff
UNIFORM STATE LAWS
Pope Chairman Blease Eve Gillen Golden Harrell Houston Howard of Long
Callaway ViceChairman Kirkland Maddox Perkins Strickland Warren Way
Wimberley of Laurens
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UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA AND ITS BRANCHES McClure Chairman Harris ViceChairman
Arnold Atkinson of Camden Bozeman Brannen
Camp of Coweta Daniel of Heard Ellis Ennis
Fleming of Columbia Griffis
Hatcher of Muscogee Holden
Jones of Floyd
Ennis Chairman
Atkinson of Chatham
Barrett
Boswell
Callaway
Camp of Coweta
Clark
Covington
Curry
Daniel of Troup
Davis of Floyd
DuBose
Elders
Fortson
Griner
Haddock
Hatcher of Burke Hatcher of Muscogee Holden
Howard of Long Jones of Floyd Jones W R of Meriwether
Jones of Coweta Jones A D of Merri wether Jordan Kempton
Jones A D of Meriwether Langley McMullan Maddox Orr
Peterson Pitts
Robertson Russell
Smith of Lamar Tyson Wilson Wingate WAYS AND MEANS
Rutherford ViceChairman
Knight King Linder Lyons McClure McDonald McMullan Miles Milner New
Norman of Henry
Orr
Parks
Parker
Perryman
Pitts
Riley
Rountree
Shedd
Smith of Lamar
Stanford
Steele
Stovall
Toole
Turner
Wilson
Wimberley of Toombs
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WESTERN ATLANTIC RAILROAD
Kempton Chairman
Adams of Franklin
Aubrey
Barrett
Bird
Blease
Bleckley
Boatwright
Branch
Bussey
Carr
Carter
Childs
Cox
Daniel of Heard
DeLaPerriere
Ennis
Evans of Screven
Grovenstein
Hamrick
Hines of Sumter
Jenkins
Kirkland
Johnson of Bacon Jones W R of Meriwether Langley Mann
Sapp ViceChairman Mansell Miles Milner Montgomery Norman of Henry Parrish Penland Pickering Pickren Pitts
Phillips of Telfair
Pope
Price
Riley
Roberts
Robertson
Rutherford
Singletary
Smith of Bryan
Stevens
Stone
Toole
Turner
Whitley
Wimberley of Laurens Worthy
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Standing Rules of the House of Representatives
95
THE SPEAKER
Rule 1 The Speaker shall in his discretion suspend irrelevant debate and command silence whenever he may deem it needful
Rule 2 In all cases of election by the House the Speaker shall vote In other cases he shall not vote unless the House be equally divided or unless his vote if given to the minority will make the division equal and in case of such equal division the question shall be lost But in all cases where a fixed constitutional vote is required to pass the bill or measure under consideration and said bill or measure shall lack only one vote to pass the same the Speaker shall vote and his vote so cast shall be counted the same as that of any other member
Rule 3 When two or more members shall rise at the same time the Speaker shall name the person entitled to proceed
Rule 4 All committees shall be appointed by the Speaker unless otherwise ordered by the House
Rule 5 The method of stating a question or any motion by the Speaker after the same has been read to the House by the Clerk shall be as follows All in favor of the motion will say Aye Those opposed will say No And when a decision may seem doubtful to the Speaker or a division of the House is called for by any one member of the House the Speaker shall call upon the members in favor of the motion to rise and after a count is had by the clerk he shall call upon the members to reverse their positions and the Speaker shall announce the result
Discretion of Speaker
When Speaker shall vote
Right of member to the floor to be decided by the Speaker
Appointment of Committees
Methods of stating a question by Speaker
97
Speaker may name members to preside
Duty of Clerk when Speaker is absent
Appeals from ruling of the Speaker
When no debate on apteals
Appeals to be made appeals
When mem bers may
Rule 6 The Speaker may during a days sitting name any member to perform the duties of the Chair during any part of that sitting but no longer
Rule 7 Whenever from any cause the Speaker shall be absent the Speaker pro tempore shall preside and if both shall be absent the Clerk of the House shall call the House to order and shall preside until a Speaker pro tempore shall be elected which said election shall be the first business of the House The Speaker pro tempore thus elected shall preside until the return of one of the first named officers when his functions shall cease
Rule 8 Should any member of the House be dissatisfied with the ruling of the Speaker on any point he shall rise and respectfully address the Speaker and say I appeal from the decision of the Chair The Speaker will then state to the House the point ruled on and his decision on it and shall then put the question of appeal to the House as follows All in favor of the decision of the Chair standing as the sense of this House will say Aye Those opposed will say No and the decision of the House in sustaining or overruling the Speaker shall be final
Rule 9 On all appeals on questions of order of a personal character there shall be no debate
Rule 10 All appeals from the decision of the Chair shall be made immediately and no appeal shall be in order after other business has intervened from the time of the alleged error of the Chair and before said appeal is sought to be made
Rule 11 Where debate is permissible on appeals from the decision of the Chair any member after
98
being recoginzed by the Speaker may address his address the remarks directly to the House
Rule 12 The Speaker shall have power to suspend the Messenger and Doorkeepers for misconduct or neglect of duty and when such suspension has been made he shall report the same to the House within twentyfour hours thereafter for such action as the House may see fit to take in the premises
Rule 13 The Speaker shall have power to cause the galleries and lobbies of the House cleared by the Messenger and Doorkeepers in case of disturbance or disorderly conduct therein and to cause any person or persons so offending to be arrested and brought before the bar of the House to be dealt with for contempt of the House
Rule 14 When less than a quorum vote on any subject under consideration by the House the Speaker may order the bar of the House to be closed and the roll of members called by the Clerk and if it is ascertained that a quorum is present either by answering to their names or by their presence in the House and if any member present then refuses to vote unless excused such refusal shall be deemed a contempt of the House
Rule 15 The Speaker may at any time order the roll called on any question and take the vote by yeag and nays where a division of the House discloses the fact that a quorum of the House has not voted
Rule 16 All questions as to the priority of business to be acted on shall be decided by the Speaker without debate
Power of Speaker to suspend subordinate officers
When Speaker may order galleries and lobbies cleared
No quorum voting duty of Speaker
When Speaker may order vote taken by yeas and nays
Decision on questions of priority
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Conduct of members in debate
Time extended how
Expulsion
Exception to words spoken Proviso
ON DECORUM AND DEBATE
Rule 17 When any member is about to speak in debate or deliver any matter to the House he shall rise and respectfully address himself to Mr Speaker He shall be confined to matter in debate shall not speak more than twice on any subject or more than once until every member choosing to speak shall have spoken
No member of the House shall occupy the floor longer than one hour in debating any question unless otherwise ordered by the House and any motion to limit or extend the time of individual speeches shall be decided without debate No such motion shall prevail unless it shall receive the affirmative votes of a majority of those voting Such motion may be made at any time that the movant thereof may legitimately obtain the floor
If any member in speaking or otherwise transgresses the rules of the House the Speaker shall call him to order in which case the member so called to order shall immediately sit down unless permitted to explain The House shall if appealed to decide and if the decision of the House be not submitted to the delinquent for the first offense shall be reproved for the second fined in a sum not exceeding ten dollars and continuing refractory may be expelled from the House by a twothirds vote of the members which said vote shall be taken by yeas and nays and recorded on the Journal of the House
Rule 18 If any member be called to order for words spoken the words excepted to shall be taken down in writing by the Clerk and read then admitted denied or explained by the member who spoke and thereupon the question of order shall be decided and such other proceeding had as the
100
House may deem proper in regard thereto Provided that if at the time the House is acting under the previous question such question of order and other proceedings referred to shall not be taken up for decision until after the previous question and the main question have been exhausted or until such further time as may then be ordered by the House But no member shall be held to answer or be subject to the censure of the House for words spoken in debate if any other member has spoken or other business has intervened after the words were spoken and before the exception to them was taken
Rule 19 The members of the House shall forbear from private conversation and preserve silence until a speaking member shall have taken his seat
Rule 20 The members shall avoid naming each other when they may have occasion to take notice of their observations but may designate them by the place in which they may be or the county they represent
Rule 21 No member shall address the House except as heretofore stated in case of appeals or interrogate a member who is speaking except through the Speaker and should the member speaking decline to be interrupted the Speaker shall cause the member desiring to interrogate to be silent
Rule 22 No member shall vote upon any question in the result of which he is immediately and particularly interested In every case where the seat of a member is being contested the sitting member and the contestant shall both retire from the House before the vote is taken
Silence
Mode of
designating
members
House how addressed Questions and interruptions
Shall not vote when interested in result
101
Protests
Smoking and conversation prohibited
Duty while member is speaking and at adjournment
Matters transpiring in Senate Committees and private conversation not to be referred to
Laudatory and disparaging remarks when forbidden
Applause and hisses forbidden
No debate during yeas and nays
Rule 23 Any member may enter a protest in writing against the action of the House said protest shall clearly and succinctly set forth the grounds of such protest and shall not be argumentative nor arraign nor impugn the motive of the House nor any member thereof and such protest shall be entered by the Clerk upon the Journal of the House

Rule 24 No member shall smoke in the House nor shall he converse with any one over the bar thereof
Rule 25 No member shall be permitted to enter upon the floor of the House or remain thereon in an intoxicated condition and the Messenger and the Doorkeepers of the House are specially charged with the rigid enforcement of this rule
Rule 26 No member shall pass between the Chair and member while he is speaking nor shall any member at the time of adjournment leave his seat until the Speaker retires
Rule 27 No member shall in debate refer to any private conversation had with another member or to any matters which have transpired in any committee or in the Senate
Rule 28Jhi nominating candidates for any office no laudatory remarksshall be allowed nor shall any other candidate be disparaged
Rule 29 Applause or hisses in the Representative chamber or in the galleries or lobby during any speech or legislative proceedings shall be promptly suppressed
Rule 30 During the calling or reading of yeas and nays on any question no debate shall be had
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Rule 31 No member can make more than one motion at a time and while the motion is being put to the House he must resume his seat and he is not further entitled to the floor unless again recognized by the Speaker
Rule 32 On all questions except such as are not debatable any member on the call of the ayes and nays shall as a matter of right be allowed three minutes in which to explain his vote Where the vote on any question is not taken by ayes and nays no member shall be allowed to explain except by unanimous consent of the House No motion shall be entertained to vary this rule nor to extend a members time for explaining
Rule 33 When the reading of any paper is called for and the same is objected to by anv member it shall be determined by a vote of the House and this motion shall be decided without debate
Rule 34 Every member within the hall when a question is put shall vote unless he is immediately and particularly interested therein or the House shall excuse him A motion to excuse a member from voting must be made before the House divides or before the call of the yeas and nays is commenced and it shall be decided without debate except that the member making the motion may briefly state the reason why in his opinion it ought to prevail
Rule 35 No member shall be allowed to address himself to any question and then make any motion the effect of which is to cut off debate without relinquishing the floor
Only one motion can be made at a time
Explanation
Reading of papers
When members shall vote
Motion to excuse when made Excuses from voting
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Call for a division
Division how made
Qualifying paragraph exception and provision
Strike out and insert not divisible
Call of counties
Bills and resolutions called in order Proviso
DIVISION OF A QUESTION
Rule 36 Any member may call for a division of the question on a subject in which the sense thereof will admit of it
Rule 37 The member calling for a division must state into how many and definitely what parts he would have the question divided Each part of the divided proposition must be so distinct that if taken away the Remainder can stand by themselves and be consistent and entire
Rule 38 A qualifying paragraph an exception or a proviso if taken from that to which it belongs would not contain a distinct or entire proposition
Rule 39 A motion to strike out and insert is an indivisible proposition
BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Rule 40 The Clerk shall on Mondays Wednesdays and Fridays call the counties for the introduction of new matter beginning alternately at the first and last of the alphabet Provided that no member shall introduce more than one bill of a general nature on any day except companion bills
Rule 41 All bills and resolutions shall be called in the numerical order in which they stand on the calendar and before reading any bill or resolution the second or third time the Clerk shall distinctly state its number and the name of the member by whom introduced provided that House and Senate bills and resolutions adversely reported shall not be taken up for a second reading except by request of the authors of such bill or resolution or some member of the House provided that the General Tax Bill and the General Appropriation Bill shall take precedence on third
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reading over all matters even Special Orders until the said bills shall have been finally disposed of In order that the proper numerical order may be accurately and fairly determined as between bills and resolutions it shall be the duty of the Clerk to place on each bill and resolution as same is read the first time a number following the numerical order in which said bills and resolutions are read the first time adopting one series of numbers and the same series of numbers for both bills and resolutions and not a separate series of numbers as heretofore practiced
Rule 42 Every motion to suspend the rules for the purpose of taking up bills or resolutions out of their regular order and every motion to make special orders shall be submitted in writing and reported upon by the Committee on Rules before being submitted to the House
Rule 43 The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent for the introduction of new matter or to read any bill or resolution the sectime or any local bill or resolution a third time or to put any local bill or resolution upon its passage or to recommit a bill or resolution or to withdraw from one committee and recommit to another a bill or resolution except during the first thirty minutes after the confirmation of the Journal or after the reading of the Journal has been dispensed with The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to put any general bill or resolution upon its passage or to read such bill or resolution the second time and recommit
The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous
Effect of
unanimous
consent
105
Suspension of rules
consent to make a special order or to change the order of business except that by unanimous consent an order of business may be fixed for the period of Unanimous Consents
The Speaker shall not recognize any member at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to cast his vote on any motion resolution amendment bill or other question nor shall any member be permitted to cast his vote on any motion resolution amendment bill or other question until the question is put to the House by the Speaker on viva voce vote or division of the House or until after the roll call has begun
The Speaker shall entertain but one unanimous consent at any one time
Rule 44 The rules of this House known as Constitutional rules shall in no case be suspended all other rules shall in no case be suspended nor changed nor the order of business be changed except by a vote of twothirds of the members voting Provided however that in order to so change or suspend the rules or change the order of business said twothirds so voting in favor of said change or suspension shall constitute a majority of the members of the whole House
Rule 45 No suspension of change in or addition to these rules shall be made unless such proposed suspension change or addition be first referred to the Committee on Rules and reported back to the House provided that any rule except rule number fortythree may be suspended by unanimous consent of the House Immediately after the confirmation of the Journal on the day following the introduction in the House of the proposed change or addition to these rules the Corn
106
mittee on Rules shall report the same back to the House A failure to so report such proposed change or addition to these rules for two days shall automatically bring said proposed change or addition before the House for consideration
Rule 46 Any motion to suspend rules or change the rules or change the order of business shall be decided without debate Provided however that whenever a report from the Committee on Rules is submitted to the House the questions arising on said report shall be debatable until the report of the Committee is agreed to or disagreed to or the main question is ordered There shall be no debate however on the report of the Committee on Rules during the last seven days of the session
Rule 47 It shall be in order to introduce bills or other matter upon the call of the counties without any previous notice having been given for that purpose
Rule 48 No debate shall be admitted upon any bill or resolution at the first reading Upon the introduction of any bill or resolution or other matter requiring reference to a committee the Speaker shall as a matter of course and without debate commit the same to the proper committee unless otherwise ordered by the House
No bill or resolution shall be engrossed except upon the affirmative vote of a majority of the members present No member shall be recognized at any time for the purpose of asking unanimous consent to engross a bill or resolution When a motion to engross is made which motion may be made upon reading the bill the first time and at no other time no debate shall be permitted except that the movant may speak to his motion
No debate
Bills etc when introduced
No debate on first reading
107
Effect of favorable reportof committee
Bills when withdrawn
not longer than three minutes and any one other member of the House may speak in opposition thereto for three minutes In case of engrossment of any bill or other matter the entry thereof shall be made by the Clerk and the bill or other matter shall not be amendable thereafter unless subsequently committed In cases where the report of a committee is favorable to the passage of a bill the same shall be read a second time and passed to a third reading without question Where the report of a committee is adverse to the passage of a bill on the second reading thereof the question shall be on agreeing to the report of the committee If the report of the committee is agreed to the bill shall be lost If the report of the committee is disagreed to the bill shall be passed to a third reading unless recommitted Any bill may be withdrawn at any stage thereof by consent of the House
When motion is made to refer a bill or resolution to a committee other than the one to which it is referred by the Speaker even though instructions be added no debate shall be permitted except that movant may speak to his motion not longer than three minutes and any one othr member of the House may speak in opposition thereto for three minutes No debate shall be permitted unless instructions are added
All resolutions providing for appointment of committees of inquiry or investigation and any and all other resolutions not privileged except motions for information from the Executive Department and any other Department of the State Government shall be referred by the Speaker to the appropriate committee unless by order of the House referred to some other committee
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Rule 49 No bill or resolution shall be transmitted to the Senate on the day of the passage thereof unless twothirds of the members present shall so order
Rule 50 No bill shall be printed until after the same has been reported to the House by the committee to which it has been referred or by request of said committee and the order of the House agreeing thereto
Rule 51 All proceedings touching the appropriating of money shall be considered in the Committee of the Whole House
Rule 52 All bills and resolutions shall be in writing and shall have the name of the member introducing the same as well as the county he represents indorsed on the back of same and in the case of bills the caption of the bill shall also be indorsed on the same
Rule 53 Where a bill or resolution has been referred and reported by more than one committee or has been reported on and recommitted to the same committee the last committee report shall be acted on by the House and in all cases the report of the Committee of the Whole House shall be first acted on by the House
Rule 54 The Committee on Rules during the last seven days of each session shall arrange and fix a calendar for each days business and such calendar shall be a standing and continuing Special Order during said period and no matter shall be taken up or acted on otherwise than in the order fixed by such calendar except by a twothirds vote of those present which said twothirds shall constitute a majority of all the members elected to the House
Adverse report of committee Transmission to Senate by majority
VOti
Bills when printed
Committee of the Whole House See Rule 107 et al
Bills and Resolutions to be in writing How indorsed
Reports of committees order of action
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Order of precedence
Not debatable when may be renewed
When made debatable
When not in order
PRECEDENCE OF MOTIONS
Rule 55 When any subject is before the House for consideration or under debate no motion shall be received except the following towit
1st Motion to adjourn
2d A motion to lay on table
3d A motion for the previous question
4th A motion to adjourn to a time definite
5th A motion to postpone indefinitely
6th A motion to postpone to a day certain
7th A motion to commit
8th A motion to amend
Which said motions shall have precedence in the order in which they stand as above arranged
MOTION TO ADJOURN
Rule 56 A motion to adjourn is in no instance debatable nor shall said motion be made a second time until further progress has been made in the business before the House A motion to adjourn in its simple form shall not be amended
Rule 57 A motion to adjourn to a particular day or for a particular time if made when the House is not actually engaged in other business is debatable
Rule 58 The motion to adjourn can be made at any time when the member moving it can legitimately obtain the floor
Rule 59 A motion to adjourn may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the House has voted that the main question shall be npw put no motion to adjourn is in order nor shall any motion to adjourn be in order after the Clerk has called the first name of the yeas and nays and a vote of one
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member has been given or after a division of the House has been had on a vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced but in such cases the rollcall shall be completed the vote counted and the result finally announced before a motion to adjourn shall be in order
Rule 60 When a motion to adjourn in its sihiple form prevails it adjourns the House to the next sitting day or time in course
Rule 61 Whenever the hour of adjournment as fixed by a prior resolution shall arrive while the vote of the House is being taken by yeas and nays the session shall continue until the final vote is taken and announced and if said fixed hour of adjournment shall arrive while the House is acting on the main question after the main question has been ordered and before the vote on the main question is being taken either by a division or by the yeas and nays as aforesaid the House shall stand adjourned by virtue of said prior resolution
MOTIONS TO LAY ON TABLE
Rule 82 No motion to lay an amendment or substitute on the table shall be in order
Rule 63 A majority of a quorum voting may take from the table at any time when the House is not engaged on any other measure any bill resolution or other paper which has been ordered to lie on the table and when so taken up the same is thereby restored to its appropriate place on the calendar
Rule 64 If the motion to lay on the table prevails it removes from the consideration of the House the measure together with all the motions attached to it at the time it is so disposed of
Effect of adjournment
Hour of adjournment What business postpone
Amendment or substitute cannot be laid on table
How matters may be taken from table
Effect of vote to table
Ill
Effect of vote to take from table
No motion to table in order until rollcall is completed
When renewed
Not debatable or amendable
What can be tabled
When in order
Effect of previous question
Rule 65 When the proposition is again taken from the table it stands before the House in the exact form with all the motions pertaining to it just as it did at the time the motion to lay on the table prevailed
Rule 66 After a yea and nay vote is called on any bill or resolutionthe House not acting at the time under the previous questionand one vote has been recorded no motion to table shall be in order until the rollcall shall have been completed When any bill or resolution is tabled after the completion of the rollcall and then taken from the table nothing can be done except to announce the result of said vote as shown by said rollcall at the time said bill or resoluiton was tabled
Rule 67 A motion to lay on the table or to take from the table can be renewed from time to time when new business has intervened between the votes
Rule 68 Neither the motion to lay on the table nor the motion to take from the table is debatable or amendable
Rule 69 Nothing can be legitimately laid on the table excepting what can be taken up again
Rule 70 A motion to lay on the table may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the House has voted on the main question shall be now put no motion to lay on the table is in order
THE MOTION FOR THE PREVIOUS QUESTION
Rule 71 The motion for the previous question shall be decided without debate and shall take precedence of all other motions except a motion to
112
adjourn or to lay on the table but neither of said motions shall be made but once until after the previous question has been exhausted and when it is moved the question shall be Shall the motion for the previous question be sustained If this be decided by a majority of a quorum in the affirmative and the next question towit Shall the main question be now put is decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum all other motions except one to reconsider the action in ordering the main question will be out of order and the House cannot adjourn until the previous question is exhausted or the regular hour of adjournment arrives But no motion to reconsider the action of the House in ordering the main question shall be in order after the Clerk has called the first name on call of the ayes and nays and the vote of any member has been given or after a division of the House has been had on the vote and the vote is in process of being counted and an nounced in such cases the roll call shall be completed the vote counted and the result finally announced
Rule 72 When the previous question has been ordered the House shall then proceed to act on the main question without debate except that before the main question is put twenty minutes shall be allowed to the committee whose report of the bill or other measure is under consideration to close the debate Where the report of the committee is adverse to the passage of the bill or other measure the introducer of the bill shall be allowed twenty minutes before time allowed to the committee for closing the debate The Chairman of the committee or the introducer of the bill or other measure may yield the floor to such members as he may indicate for the time or any part of it
Twenty
minutes
debate
allowed
113
Vote how taken
Effect of main question being ordered
Contested
Electiofi
How called and ordered
Call of the House when in order
allowed under this rule This rule shall not be construed to allow the twenty minutes above referred to to be used but once on any bill or measure and then on the final passage of the bill or measure
Rule 73 After the main question is ordered any member may call for a division of the House in taking the vote or may call for the yeas and nays if the call for the yeas and nays is sustained by onefifth of the members voting the vote shall be taken by the yeas and nays and so entered on the Journal
Rule 74 The effect of the order that the main question be now put is to bring the House to a vote on pending questions in the order in which they stood before it was moved
Rule 75 In all cases where a minority report has been submitted on any question if the previous question is ordered there shall be twenty minutes allowed to the member whose name is first signed to said minority report or to such member or members as he may designate for the time so allowed or any part of it before the twenty minutes allowed to the Chairman submitting the majority report
Rule 76 The previous question may be called and ordered upon a single motion or an amendment or it may be made to embrace all authorized motions or amendments and include the entire bill to its passage or rejection
Rule 77 A call of the House shall not be in order after the previous question is ordered unless it shall appear upon an actual count by the Speaker that a quorum is not present
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Rule 78 All incidental questions of order arising after a motion is made for the previous question and pending such motion shall be decided whether on appeal or otherwise without debate
MOTIONS TO INDEFINITELY POSTPONE
Rule 79 When a bill resolution or other measure is under consideration on the final reading thereof a motion to indefinitely postpone if decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum thereby disposes of said bill resolution or other measure for the session
Rule 80 The motion to indefinitely postpone lays open the whole question for debate but it cannot be amended
Rule 81 While the motion to indefinitely postpone takes precedence over a motion to postpone to a day certain or to commit or amend yet this motion cannot be applied to said motions nor can it be applied to incidental questions such as questions of order reading of papers withdrawal of a motion and suspension of a rule
Rule 82 No motion to indefinitely postpone shall be renewed on any bill resolution or other measure after the same has been voted down
MOTION TO POSTPONE TO A DAY CERTAIN
Rule 83 The motion to postpone a bill resolution or other measure to a day certain when decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum removes the subject from before the House until the time designated and makes it a privileged question for that day so selected
Rule 84 If the motion to postpone a bill a resolution or other measure is decided in the negative it leaves the question before the House as it
Questions of order
Effect
Not amendable
When cannot be applied
Not renewed
Effect of negative vote
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May be amended
To a day beyond the session
Debate when and how allowed
Motion how applied
Motion to commit
Precedence
of
was before the motion was made and it cannot be moved a second time on same day or at the same stage of the proceeding
Rule 85 This motion to postpone to a day certain may be amended by substituting one day for another In this case the time would be treated as a blank and the Speaker should treat these propositions as he would those to fill blanks
Rule 86 If a day designated is known to be beyond the session the Speaker shall treat the motion as though it had been a motion to indefinitely postpone the subject
Rule 87 On a motion to postpone to a day certain it is not in order to debate the merits of the question proposed to be postponed Debate may be allowed but it shall be confined strictly to the proposition to postpone and to show why one day is preferred to another It shall be the duty of the Speaker to hold members rigidly to these points
Rule 88 This motion cannot be applied to subordinate or incidental questions but must be applied to the whole bill resolution or other measure before the House and when it prevails it carries forward the whole proposition and its appendages to the day named
MOTIONS TO COMMIT
Rule 89 Motions to commit may be made to refer a bill resolution or other measure to a standing or special committee or committee of the whole House
Rule 90 A motion to commit to a standing committee takes precedence over a motion to commit to a special committee and shall be first voted on but where a motion is made that a bill resolution
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or other measure be committed to the committee of the whole House this motion shall be put before either of the above named motions
Rule 91 On a motion simply to commit no debate shall be allowed but where instructions are added the merits of the question can be debated
Rule 92 A motion to commit may be amended by adding instructions or by substituting another committee for the one named by the member making the motion
Rule 93 Any proposition that has been referred to any committee either standing or special may on motion be recommitted to the same or any other committee by a majority of a quorum
MOTIONS TO AMEND
Rule 94 There are three ways in which a proposition may be amended towit
1st By inserting or adding words
2d By striking out words
3d By striking out and inserting words
An amendment is itself subject to be amended in all three of the ways above mentioned but it is not admissible to amend an amendment to an amendment
Rule 95 A substitute is simply an amendment it is in effect a motion to strike out all after the enacting clause of a bill or the word Resolved in a resolution and insert that offered as a substitute
Rule 96 When a bill or resolution is before the House for consideration and amendments are pending thereto and a substitute shall be offered for said bill or resolution and an amendment shall be offered to said substitute it shall be in order
When debatable
How
amended
Motion to recommit
Amendments how made
Substitute
Bill first perfected then the substitute
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When too late to amend
Hust be in writing
Priority
Blanks
Caption
when
amended
Amending by sections
for the House to first perfect the original bill or resolution and then perfect he substitute The question shall then be on agreeing to the substitute as amended if it be amended and if decided in the affirmative the question shall be Shall this bill pass or resolution be adopted as the case may be by substitute
Rule 97 An amendment cannot be offered after the report of the committee to which was referred the bill or resolution under consideration has been agreed to by the House unless said action of the House in so agreeing to said report of said committee shall first be reconsidered
Rule 98 All motions to amend any matter before the House must be in writing and must plainly and distinctly set forth the amendment desired and the part of the bill or resolution where said amendment shall be inserted or added
Rule 99 On all questions whether in committee or in the House the last amendment the most distant day and the largest sum shall be first put
Rule 100 Where blanks occur in any proposition they must be filled first before any motion is made to amend
Rule 101 The caption or preamble of a bill or resoution shall not be considered or amended until the measure has been perfected
Rule 102 When a proposition consisting of several sections or resolutions is on a final reading and the House shall agree to a motion to consider the same by sections or paragraphs the Clerk in reading the same shall pause at the end of each section or resolution and the amendments thereto shall he offered as the several sections or resolutions are read but the amendments offered by the
118
committee to whom said bill or resolution was referred shall be read by the Clerk without any motion being made in the House and when a section or resolution shall have been considered it is not in order to recur and amend it
Rule 103 No motion on a subject different from that under consideration shall be admitted under color of amendment
Rule 104 When a motion is made to amend by striking out and inserting the Clerk shall read the paragraph as it is then the words to be stricken out and finally the whole paragraph as it would be if amended
Rule 105 When a motion is made to amend by striking out a part of a bill or resolution any amendment offered to perfect the part proposed to be stricken shall be put first before the question is put for striking it out
Rule 106 When any bill or resolution which originated in the House has been amended in the Senate and is before the House for action on the Senate amendment an amendment may be offered in the House to the Senate amendment but the House amendment to the Senate amendment cannot be further amended it must be agreed to or voted down
Rule 107 A motion to amend an amendment made by the Senate to the House bill or resolution takes precedence of a motion to agree or disagree to said amendment
Rule 108 The questions which arise before the House respecting amendments by the Senate to a House bill or resolution are
Amendments by striking out and inserting
Priority of amendment to perfect
Amending
Senate
amendments
See Rule 126
Priority
Priority of questions on Senate amendments
119
Motion to reconsider
Shall not be withdrawn when
When there may be one reconsideration
When in order
1st A motion to agree to the Senate amendment
2d A motion to disagree to the Senate amendment
3d A motion to recede from its disagreement or amendment
4th A motion to insist on its disagreement or amendment
5th A motion to adhere to its disagreement or amendment
They take precedence in the above order
RECONSIDERATION
Rule 109 When the Journal of the preceding day shall be read it shall be in the power of any member whether said member previousy voted in the affirmative or negative on the matter sought to be reconsidered to move for a reconsideration of any matter therein contained except such matter as has been previously reconsidered provided such member shall notify the House of his intention to move such reconsideration at any time before the Journal is confirmed Provided further that the action of the House on Senate amendments shall be in order for reconsideration immediately and not otherwise
Rule 110 The notice of a motion to reconsider shall not be withdrawn after the time has elapsed within which it might originally have been made
Rule 111 No matter shall be reconsidered more than once
Rue 112 Motions for reconsideration shall be in order immediately after the order of unanimous consent on the day succeeding the action sought to be reconsidered except that any matter which
120
could not be reconsidered on the succeeding day shall be in order for reconsideration on the day of said action
Rule 113 The action of the House upon an amendment may be reconsidered at any time before final action upon the section bill or resolution to which it relates
Rule 114 All bills reconsidered shall take their place at the foot of the calendar of bills then in order for a third reading
COMMITTEE ON THE WHOLE HOUSE
Rule 115 The Speaker may resolve the House into a Committee of the Whole without a motion being made therefor whenever a bill or resolution shall be in order for consideration on its third reading before the House which is required by the rules of this House to be considered in the Committee of the Whole
Rule 116 The House may resolve itself into a Committee of the Whole House by a majority of a quorum voting on motion of a member made for that purpose
Rule 117 In forming a Committee of the Whole House the Speaker shall leave the chair and a Chairman to preside in committee shall be appointed by the Speaker
Rule 118 In the Committee of the Whole bills shall be first read throughout by the Clerk and then again be read or debated by clauses or sections leaving the preamble to be last considered unless otherwise ordered
Rule 119 The Rules of the House shall be observed by the Committee of the Whole so far as they may be applicable except that it can not
Amendments when reconsidered
Place of calendar
When ordered by Speaker
See Rule 44
When ordered by the House
How formed
Proceedings
Rule in committee
121
Debate how closed
Time of how extended
Motion to rise etc
refer a matter to any other committee it can not adjourn the previous question can not be enforced a motion to lay on the table or indefinitely postpone shall not be in order a member may speak as often as he may obtain the floor no call of the House shall be in order nor shall any vote be taken by yeas and nays
Rule 120 If at any time in the Committee of the Whole it shall be desired to close the debate or to limit the time to be allowed members for speaking the committee may rise and report its desire to the House and the House shall take such action thereon as it may see fit by a resolution agreed for that purpose said resolution shall apply only to the subjectmatter before said committee and when said resolution has been agreed to or refused by the House the actioxi of the House shall be deemed the sense of the committee and the House may then on motion again resolve itself into Committee of the Whole and continue the consideration of thesubject
Rule 121 In the event that a Committee of the Whole House at any sitting shall for want of time fail to complete any matter under consideration it may on motion at any time in the committee made rise report progress and have leave to sit again generally or at a day certain
Rule 122 A motion that the committee rise and report progress and ask leave to sit again can be made at any time when the mover thereof can legitimately obtain the floor and shall take precedence over all other motions and shall be decided without debate and when it prevails the committee shall immediately rise and when the regular hour for adjournment of the House arrives the committee shall immediately rise and
122
when the regular hour for adjournment of the House arrives the committee shall automatically rise and the Speaker shall assume the Chair
Rule 123 A motion to reconsider shall be in order in Committee of the Whole
Rule 124 The Committee of the Whole shall not proceed with the business before it whenever a vote on any question shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the House is present Whenever it is suggested that a quorum is not present the Chairman of the committee shall satisfy himself of the fact by actual count of the committee and report the same to the committee and the Chairman shall on his own motion order that the committee immediately rise and he shall report the fact of the absence of a quorum to the House
Rule 125 The Speaker may in Committee of the Whole take part in the proceedings and he as well as all other members shall vote on all questions before the committee unless excused therefrom and no pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed in the Committee of the Whole
Rule 126 Amendments proposed by the Committee of the Whole may be amended or rejected by the House and matters stricken out by the committee may be restored by the House
Rule 127 A Committee of the Whole House can not punish disorderly conduct of its members but must report the same to the House for action thereon
Rule 128 The Chairman of the Committee of the Whole shall have power to have the galleries or lobbies cleared in case of any disorderly conduct therein
Reconsid
eration
Duty of when no quorum is present
All members shall vote unless excused
Amend
ments
Disorderly
conduct
reported
Chairman may order galleries cleared
123
Proceedings of when business before it is finished
Record
Papers may be called for
Report shall contain result of committees action
Rule 129 When the Committee of the Whole have disposed of the bill resolutions or other measures before it by motion and question it shall rise and the Chairman will be instructed to report the action of the Committee to the House At this point the Speaker will resume his seat and the Chairman will return to the floor and will state in substance as follows Mr Speaker the Committee of the Whole House have had under consideration naming what and have instructed me as their Chairman to report the same back to the House with the recommendation that the same do pass or do pass as amended or do not pass as the case may be
The Speaker will receive this report and repeat the same and the matter will then be before the House for action just as though reported by any other committee
Rule 130 The proceedings of the Committee of the Whole shall not be recorded in the Journal of the House except so far as reported to the House by the Chairman of said committee
Rule 131 When in the Committee of the Whole any papers in the possession of the House may be called for by any member and read by the Clerk for the information of the committee unless the committee shall otherwise order
Rule 132 Amendments offered to an amendment in the Committee of the Whole shall not be reported to the House but the report shall contain only the result of the committees action on the bill resolution or measure under consideration before it
124
ABSENTEES
Rule 133 The roll call at the opening of each session of the House and also the reading of the Journal shall not be dispensed with except by a vote of threefourths of the members present The motion to dispense with the roll call and to dispense with the reading of the Journal shall be decided without debate
Rule 134 Upon the call of all the members ordinary and extraordinary the names of thei absentees shall be noted by the Clerk and shall appear upon the Journal And it shall be the duty of the Clerk to keep a separate list of the absentees from each days proceedings which list shall be entered upon the Journal and shall show which of said absentees are absent without leave and of those absent with leave which are absent for providential causes and which for business reasons which said separate list shall be read in the House with the Journal upon which the same is entered
The Clerk shall also keep in a book accessible to the Committee on Excuses of Members Absent without Leave the names of all such absentees noting such as are absent without leave and the members so absent without leave unless excused by the House shall not be entitled to draw pay for the time they are so absent
It shall be the duty of the Committee on Auditing to inquire into the matter before passing upon any members account
Excuses of members absent without leave shall be submitted to the Committee oh Excuses of Members Absent without Leave and the recommendation of some member of said committee shall be necessary to have said excuse allowed by the House
Morning rollcall dispensed with by threefourths vote
Names of absentees noted
Duty of
Auditing
Committee
Excuse of members
125
Power to
compel
attendance
Sergeant
atarnis
Call how ordered
Subsequent
proceed
ings
COMPELLING ATTENDANCE
Rule 135 The power to compel the attendance of members in order to keep or secure a quorum shall be vested in the Speaker and to this end he may have the doors of the House closed When the doors are so closed no member shall be allowed to retire from the House without first obtaining leave from the House
The Messenger of the House shall be exofficio SergeantatArms of the House and on order of the Speaker may arrest any absentees and bring them before the House when necessary to secure a quorum as aforesaid
CALL OF THE HOUSE
Rule 136 Whenever the result of a vote taken shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the House is present or when the Speaker shall officially state the fact to the House it shall be in order for any member to make a motion for a call of the House and when this motion is made the Speaker shall state the question as follows Shall the motion for the call of the House prevail and if fifteen of the members present shall vote in the affirmative the Speaker shall order the Clerk to call the roll of members and the absentees shall be noted the doors shall then be closed after which the names of the absentees shall again be called over and those who do not appear and who are absent without leave may by the order of the majority of the members present be sent for and arrested wherever they may be found by the officers to be appointed by the Messenger for that purpose and their attendance secured and the House shall determine upon what conditions they shall be discharged
CONSTITUTIONAL RULES
Rulel37 A majority of each House shall constitute a quorum to transact business but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and compel the presence of its absent members as each House may provide
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 4
Rule 138 Each Senator and Representative before taking his seat shall take the following oath or affirmation towit I will support the Constitution of this State and of the United States and on all questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be most conducive to the interest and prosperity of this State
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 7
Rule 139 No bill shall become a law unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the members elected to each House of the General Assembly and it shall in every instance appear on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 14
Rule 140 The yeas and nays on any question shall at the desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 6
Rule 141 No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in each House are recorded
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 12
Rule 142 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passage of an Act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 21
What is a quorum Compelling attendance
Oath of members
Majority required to pass bill
Yeas and nays order by onefifth of members present
Bill or resolutions appropriating money must pass by yeas and nays
Constitutional twothirds vote taken by yeas and nays
127
Revenue
bills
Reading of bills
One subject matter etc
An amendment to laws and sections of Code
General laws how varied
Consent and when required
Rule 143 Every bill before it shall pass shall be read three times and on three separate days in each House unless in cases of actual invasion or insurrection The first and second reading of local bills shall be by titles only The third reading of local bills must be full and complete
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 5
Rule 144 All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 10
Rule 145 No law or ordinance shall pass which refers to more than one subjectmatter or contains matter different from what is expressed in the title thereof
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 8
Rule 146 No law or section of the Code shall be amended or repealed by mere reference to its title or to the number of the section of the Code but the amending or repealing Act shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as well as the alteration to be made
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 17
Rule 147 Laws of a general nature shall have uniform operation throughout the State and no special law shall be enacted in any case for which provisions have been made by an existing general law7 No general law affecting private rights shall be varied in any particular case by special legislation except with the consent in writing of all persons to be affected thereby and no person under legal disability to contract is capable bf such consent
Art 1 Sec 4 Par 1
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Rule 148 The General Assembly shall have no power to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies except banking insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies nor to make or change election precincts nor establish bridges or ferries nor to change names of legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law the manner in which such power shall be exercised by the courts
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 18
Rule 149 The General Assembly shall have no power to relieve principals or securities upon forfeited recognizances from the payment thereof either before or after judgment thereon unless the principal in the recognizance shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the proper officer
Rule 150 The General Appropriation bill shall embrace nothing except appropriations fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the Executive Legislative and Judicial Departments of the Government paying of the public debt and interest thereon and for the support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appropriations shall be made by separate bills each embracing but one subject
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 9
Rule 151 Neither House shall adjourn for more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of disagreement between the two Houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 24
Corpora
tions
Povrer delegated to courts
Relief of recognizance
What the r general appropriation bill shall contain Other aporopriations by separate bills
Adjourn
ments
129
Elections
Rejected bills again considered by a twothirds vote
Session limited to fifty days
Elections
disorderly
conduct
Expulsion by twothirds vote
Signature of Governor when required
Rule 152 All elections by the General Assembly shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the Journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare result
Art 3 Sec 10 Par 1
Rule 153 No bill or ordinance or resolution intended to have the effect of a law which shall have been rejected by either House shall be again proposed during the same session under the same or any other title without the consent of twothirds of the House by which the same was rejected
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 13
Rule 154 The General Assembly meets annually on the fourth Wednesday in June and the House and Senate are called to order at 10 oclock A M The Annual Sessions are limited to fifty days
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 6
Rule 155 Each House shall be the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its members and shall have power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by censure fine or imprisonment or expulsion but no member shall be expelled except by a vote of twothirds of the House to which he belongs
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 1
Rule 156 No provision of this Constitution for a twothirds vote of both Houses of the General Assembly shall be construed to waive the necessity for the signature of the Governor as in any other case except in the twothirds vote required
130
to override the veto and in case of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly
Art 2 Sec 7 Par 23
Rule 157 The Governor shall have the revision of all bills passed by the General Assembly before the same shall become laws but twothirds of each House may pass a bill notwithstanding his dissent and if any bill should not be returned by the Governor within five days Sunday excepted after it has been presented to him the same shall be a law unless the General Assembly by their adjournments shall prevent its return He may approve any appropriation and disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill and the latter shall not be effectual unless passed by twothirds of each House
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 16
Rule 158 Every vote resolution or order to which the concurrence of both Houses may be necessary except on a question of election or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor and before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be passed by twothirds of each House
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 17
Rule 159 No county site shall be changed or removed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the county voting at an election held for that purpose and a twothirds vote of the General Assembly
Art 11 Sec 1 Par 4
Rule 160 Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed in the Senate or House of Representatives and if the same shall be agreed to by twothirds of the members elected
Governors
veto
Effect of twothirds vote thereon

When Gov ernor must approve
Effect of
twothirds
vote
Twothirds vote required
Twothirds vote required on amendments to Constitution
131
Twothirds vote required to call a convention How called
Salaries of Judges
to each of the two Houses such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on their Journals with the yeas and nays taken thereon and the General Assembly shall cause such amendment or amendments to be published in one or more newspapers in each Congressional District for two months previous to the time of holding the next general election and shall provide for submission of such proposed amendment or amendments to the people at the said next general election and if the people shall ratify such amendment or amendments by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment or amendments shall become a part of this Constitution When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately
Art 13 Sec 1 Par 1
Rule 161 No convention of the people shall be called by the General Assembly to revise amend or change the Constitution unless by the concur rence of twothirds of all the members of each House of the General Assembly The representation in said convention shall be based on the population as near as practicable
Art 13 Sec 1 Par 2
Rule 162 The Judges of the Supreme Court shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries not to exceed four thousand dollars per annum the Judges of the Superior Courts shall have salaries not to exceed three thousand dollars per annum the AttorneyGeneral shall have a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum and the SolicitorsGeneral shall each have salaries not
132
to exceed two hundred and fifty dollars per annum but the AttorneyGeneral shall not have any fee or perquisite in any cases arising after the adoption of this Constitution but the provisions of this section shall not affect those now in office
The General Assembly may at any time by a twothirds vote of each branch prescribe other and different salaries for any or all of the above officers but no such changes shall affect the officers then in commission
Art 6 Sec 13 Pars 1 and 2
Rule 163 No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the locality where the matter or thing to be affected may be situated which notice shall be given at least thirty days prior to the introduction of such bill into the General Assembly and in the manner to be prescribed by law The evidence of such notice having been published shall be exhibited in the General Assembly before such Act shall be passed
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 16
MISCELLANEOUS RULES
Rule 164 When a message shall be sent to the House of Representatives it shall be announced at the door of the House by the Doorkeeper and be respectfully communicated to the chair by the person through whom it may be sent
Rule 165 Messages may be received at any time while the door is open except while a question is being put or a ballot or a viva voce is being taken A message shall be presented to the House by the Speaker when received or afterwards according to its nature and the business in which the House is engaged or its consideration may on motion be ordered by the House
May be changed by a twothirds vote
Evidence of notice of local and special bills must be submitted before passage of same
Messages
Messages when received and considered
133
Petitions
Motions
Petitions memorialsetc
Committees
Clerk
Clerk
Duties of Committee on Enrollment
Rule 166 It shall be the order of the day every Wednesday to take up and decide on reports of Committees on Petitions and all petitions shall be numbered as they are received and taken up and disposed of in the order they were received unless otherwise ordered by a majority of a quorum
Rule 167 After a motion is stated by the Speaker or read by the Clerk it Shall be deemed to be in the possession of the House but may be withdrawn at any time before the decision by the unanimous consent of the House
Rule 168 Any member presenting a petition memorial or remonstrance shall as concisely as practicable indicate the name and object of the petitioner memorialist or remonstrant which shall be voted on the Journal and the paper may then be referred without reading
Rule 169 The several standing committees of the House shall have leave to report by bill or otherwise The report of the Committee on Rules is in order at any time when the House is not actually engaged in other business
Rule 170 The Clerk of the House shall take an oath for the true and faithful discharge of the duties of his oifice to the best of his knowledge and ability and shall be deemed to continue in office until another be elected
Rule 171 The Clerk shall take special care of the books provided for the use of the House
Rule 172 The Committee on Enrollment shall carefully compare enrolled bills and resolutions and correcting any errors that may be discovered in the enrolled bills or other papers make their report forthwith to their respective Houses
334
Rule 173 Verification of a roll call vote can be dispensed with only by unanimous consent the Speaker shall not entertain a motion to that effect
Rule 174 Whenever on any question the yeas and nays shall have been ordered the Clerk shall also enter on the Journal the names of those members not voting
Rule 175 When a motion is made by any member it shall not be necessary that the same shall be seconded before being put to the House
Rule 176 After the announcement of the standing committee no other members shall be placed thereon except when members have been elected to fill vacancies caused by death or otherwise the Speaker may assign said members to such committees as he may see fit and he may fill any vacancy in chairmanships
Rule 177 No person shall be allowed to enter upon the floor of the House except the members and officers thereof the officers and members of the Senate the Governor of the State and the heads of the officers of the Executive Department Members of Congress from Georgia State House officers and members of the press actively reporting Legislative proceedings exGovernors Judges of the Supreme and Superior Courts and SolicitorsGeneral in actual commission expresiding officers of the House and Senate Judges and DistrictAttorneys of the United States Courts and such others as the House may allow upon recommendation of the Committee on the Privileges of the Floor The report of the Committee on Privileges of the Floor may be made at any time the chairman of the committee is recognized by the Speaker
Motions not privileged
Not necessary to second motion
Committees how and when engaged
Privileges on the tioor
135
Duty of Committee on Journals
Members to receipt Clerk for books and papers
Adjournment and meeting
Motion for yeas and nays not debatable
Signature of Speaker and Clerk
Duty of Messenger
Messengers duty in distributing documents etc
Rule 178 It shall be the duty of the Committee on Journals to read the Journal of each days proceedings and report to the House that the same is correct before the Journal is read by the Clerk
Rule 179 No member shall take any books or papers from the possession of the House or Clerk without first acquainting the Clerk and giving hiip a receipt to return the same in a reasonable time or on his demand
Rule 180 The House shall convene at 10 a m Sundays excepted unless otherwise ordered by the House The hour of adjournment to be fixed by a majority of said House on motion without debate
Rule 181 A motion for the call of the yeas and nays shall be decided without debate
Rule 182 All Acts and joint resolutions shall be signed by the Speaker and Clerk and all writs warrants and subpoenas issued by order of the House shall be signed by the Speaker and attested by the Clerk
Rule 188 It shall be the duty of the Messengei to attend to the wants of the House while in session to aid in the enforcement of order under the direction of the Speaker to execute the demands of the House from time to time together with all such processes issued under its authority as may be directed to him by the Speaker
Rule 184 The Messenger under the direction of the Clerk shall superintend the distribution by the Pages of all documents and papers to be distributed to the members he shall distribute to the members the usual and necessary stationery required by them
136
Rule 185 No Committee of the Whole or other committee shall deface or interline a bill resolution or other paper referred to said committee but shall report any amendment recommended on a separate paper noting the section page or line to which said amendment relates
Rule 186 No pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed as an excuse for not voting
Rule 187 Whenever any member moves that a Committee of Conference on disagreeing votes of the two Houses naming the number of members be appointed if said motion prevails the Speaker shall appoint a committee on the part of the House and in such case the committee shall con sist of only such members as voted in the majority on the position assumed by the House and if by inadvertence any member be nominated on said committee who was not in said majority vote he shall notify the House and be excused by the Speaker
Rule 188 After commitment of a bill and report thereof to the House it may be amended before the report of the committee is agreed to by the House but the amendments if any reported by the committee shall be disposed of before any other amendment be considered unless it be an amendment to a committee amendment
Rule 189 All reports of a committee shall be in writing and the minority of a committee may make a report in writing setting forth succintly the reasons for their dissent
Rule 190 Every motion for information from the Executive Department or any other Department of the State Government shall lie on the table one day and on the following day such mo
Interlineation forbidden
Pairing
Committee on conference
Amend
ments
Majority and minority reports
What motions lie on table
137
Changing
votes
Questions of privilege Proviso
tion shall be deemed privileged and shall be in order for immediate consideration at the request of the author or any other member of the House
Rule 191 On the call of the yeas and nays the Clerk shall read the names of the members after they have been called and no member shall be permitted to change his vote unless he at that time declares that he voted under a mistake of the question
Rule 192 Questions of privilege shall be first those affecting the rights of the House collectively its safety dignity and the integrity of its proceedings second the rights reputation and conduct of members individually in their representative capacity only and shall have precedence of all other questions except a motion to adjourn Provided that when any matter is before the House no question of personal privilege shall be acted on until the pending question shall be disposed of
Rule 193 In all elections a majority of the members present shall be necessary to a choice
Rule 194 When any question arises which is not provided for in the foregoing Rules the same shall be controlled by the rules usually governing parliamentary bodies
Rule 195 The Auditing Committee shall before auditing the account of any member for expenses of a committeeman or any account prescribed by a member for any expense incurred in discharge of any duty as a member of this House require of such an itemized statement of such account supported by proper vouchers for each item of said account
138
ORDER OF BUSINESS
Rule 196 The following shall be the order of business
1 Scripture Reading and Prayer by the Chaplain
2 Call of the Roll
3 Report of the committee on the Journal
4 Reading of the Journal
5 Confirmation of the Journal
6 Unanimous consents
7 Motions to reconsider
8 Reports of standing committees
9 House bills favorably reported for a second reading
10 Unfinished business of previous session
11 Orders of the day
12 On Mondays Wednesdays and Fridays call of the counties for the introduction of new matter On Mondays and Wednesdays third reading of Senate bills and resolutios
13 House bills and resolutions for third reading and House bills and resolutions with Senate amendments
14 On Tuesdays House Ibills on the calendar adversely reported for a second reading
15 On Mondays and Fridays immediately after the call of the counties Senate bills for first and second reading shall be in order
16 On Wednesdays immediately after the call of the counties all petitions and reports of committees on petitions shall be in order
17 Bills of Senate for third reading
18 Senate resolutions
19 Reports of committees on enrollment may be made at any time
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20 After the regular order of business for each day shall have been exhausted House Bills for first and second reading and Senate Bills for first and second reading respectively shall be in order
Unless otherwise ordered by the House no general bills or resolutions shall be in order for a third reading or for reconsideration at Saturdays sessions General bills or resolutions otherwise in order for reconsideration on Saturday shall stand over until the following Monday
Rule 197 No committee of the House shall consist of more than twentyfive members This rule however shall not apply to the following committees Amendments to the Constitution Appropriations County and County Matters Education Georgia State Sanitarium General Agriculture No 1 General Agriculture No 2 General Judiciary No 1 General Judiciary No 2 Municipal Government Penitentiary Public Highways University of Georgia and Its Branches Ways and Means Western and Atlantic Railroad
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COMMITTEES
Rule 198 The Speaker shall appoint the following committees
Academy for the Blind
Amendments to the Constitution Appropriations
Auditing
Banks and Banking
Conservation
Corporations
Counties and County Matters
Drainage
Education
Engrossing
Enrollment
Excuse of Members Absent without Leave Game and Fish
General Agriculture No 1
General Agriculture No 2
General Judiciary No 1 for the consideration of general bills
General Judiciary No 2 for the consideration of general bills
Georgia School for the Deaf
Georgia State Sanitarium
Hall and Rooms
Hygiene and Sanitation
Insurance
Invalid Pensions and Soldiers Home
Journals
Labor and Labor Statistics
Legislative and Congressional Reapportionment Manufacturers
Military Affairs
Mines and Mining
Municipal Government
Penitentiary
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4
Pensions
Privileges and Elections
Privileges of the Floor
Public Highways
Public Library
Public Printing
Public Property
Railroads
Reformatories
Rules of which the Speaker shall be exofficio Chariman
Special Judiciary for consideration of special and local bills
Sanitarium at Alto
State of Republic
Temperance
Uniform State Laws
University of Georgia and its Branches
Ways and Means
Western and Atlantic Railroad for the consideration of all matters pertaining to the Western and Atlantic Railroad
The Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Committee on Appropriations shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Ways and Means and the Chairman and Vice Chairman of the Committee on Ways and Means shall be exofficio members of the Committee on Appropriations
Rule 199 Whenever any bill or resolution has been referred to a committee and the same has been held in the custody or control of such committee for ten days without reporting on same the author of such bill or any member of the House shall have the right immediately after the confirmation of the Journal to give notice that on the next regular meeting of the House he will submit a motion instructing such committee to
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report such bill back to the House after which on the next regular meeting day of the House any member of the House immediately after the confirmation of the Journal may move to instruct such committee to report such bill or resolution back to the House and if the motion prevails it shall be the duty of such committee to report such bill or resolution accordingly with or without recommendation as the case may be at the next regular session and upon failure of said committee to report such bill accordingly the same shall automatically be returned to the House for consideration Debate on said motion to instruct such committee to report such bill or resolution back to the House shall be limited to twenty minutes unless otherwise ordered by the House and when such bill or resolution is so reported or returned to the House it may be referred or committed as other bills or resolutions Provided that any motion or resolution to set a special order or to change the order of business for any particular day which has been referred to the Committee on Rules may be held in the custody and control of such committee only three days instead of ten days under this rule
Rule 200 In drawing for seats all members except those who have been permitted by the House to select seats without drawing shall retire to the rear of the Hall The names of all counties printed on separate slips of papers shall be deposited in a box and the box placed on the Clerks desk The names of the counties shall be drawn separately from the box and announced by the Clerk from his desk
When the name of a county is announced the member or members from that county shall come forward to the Clerks desk and secure a desk
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card with name and county printed thereon and then proceed to select a seat All desks shall be arranged in their proper position on the floor of the House and no desk shall be moved or changed
The Speaker shall have the right to reserve seats for the chairmen of the committees on Appropriations and Ways andMeans and for the vicechairman of Committee on Rules before the drawing for seats
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CONSTITUTION
OF THE
STATE OF GEORGIA
OF FORCE AUGUST 1923
PREAMBLE
To perpetuate the principles of free government insure justice to all preserve peace promote the interest and happiness of the citizen and transmit to posterity the enjoyment of liberty we the people of Georgia relying upon the protection and guidance of Almighty God do ordain and establish this Constitution
ARTICLE
Bill of Rights
Section I
Paragraph I All government of right originates with the people is founded upon their will only and is instituted solely for the good of the whole Public officers are the trustees and servants of the people and at all times amenable to them
Par II Protection to person and property is the paramount duty of government and shall be impartial and complete
Par III No person shall be deprived of life liberty or property except by due process of law
Par IV No person shall be deprived of the right to prosecute or defend his own cause in any of the courts of this State in person by attorney or both
Par V Every person charged with an offepse against the laws of this State shall have the privilege and benefit of counsel shall be furnished on demand with a copy of the accusation and a list of the witnesses on whose testimony the charge against him is founded shall have compulsory process to obtain the testimony of his own witnesses shall be confronted with the witnesses testifying against him and shall have a public and speedy trial by an impartial jury
Par VI No person shall be compelled to give testimony tend
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ing in any manner to criminate himself
Par VII Neither banishment beyond the limits of the State nor whipping as a punishment for crime shall be allowed
Par VIII No person shall be put in jeopardy of life or liberty more than once for the same offence save on his or her own motion for a new trial after conviction or in case of mistrial
Par IX Excessive bail shall not be required nor excessive fines imposed nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted nor shall any person be abused in being arrested while under arrest or in prison
Par X No person shall be compelled to pay costs except after conviction on final trial
Par XI The writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended
Par XII All men have the natural and inalienable right to worship God each according to the dictates of his own conscience and no human authority should in any case control or interfere with such right of conscience
Par XIII No inhabitant of this State shall be molested in person or property or prohibited from holding any public office or trust on account of his religious opinions but the right of liberty of conscience shall not be so construed as to excuse acts of licentiousness or justify practices inconsistent with the peace and safety of the State
Par XIV No money shall ever be taken from the public treasury directly or indirectly in aid of any church sect or denomination of religionists or of any sectarian institution
Par XV No law shall ever be passed to curtail or restrain the liberty of speech or of the press any person may speak write and publish his sentiments on all subjects being responsible for the abuse of that liberty
Par XVI The right of the people to be secure in their persons houses papers and effects against unreasonable searches and seizurs shall not be violated and no warrant shall issue except upon probable cause supported by oath or affirmation particularly describing the place or places to be searched and the persons or things to be seized
Par XVII There shall be within the State of Georgia neither slavery nor involuntary servitude save as a punishment for crime after legal conviction thereof
Par XVIII The social status of the citizen shall never be the subject of legislation
Par XIX The civil authority shall be superior to the military
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and no soldier shall in time of peace be quartered in any house without the consent of the owner nor in time of war except by the civil magistrate in such manner as may be provided by law
Par XX The power of the courts to punish for contempts shall be limited by legislative acts
Par XXI There shall be no imprisonment for debt
Par XXII The right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed but the General Assembly shall have power to prescribe the manner in which arms may be borne
Par XXIII The legislative judicial and executive powers shall forever remain separate and distinct and no person discharging the duties of one shall at the same time exercise the functions of either of the others except as herein provided
Par XXIV The people have the right to assemble peaceably for their common good and to apply to those vested with the powers of government for redress of grievances by petition or remonstrance
Par XXV All citizens of the United States resident in this State are hereby declared citizens of this State and it shall be the duty of the General Assembly to enact such laws as will protect them in the full enjoyment of the rights privileges and immunities due to such citizenship
Section II
Paragraph I In all prosecutions or indictments for libel the truth may be given in evidence and the jury in all criminal cases shall be the judges of the law and the facts The power of the judges to grant new trials in case of conviction is preserved
Par II Treason against the State of Georgia shall consist in levying war against her adhering to her enemies giving them aid and comfort No person shall be convicted of treason except on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act or confession in open court
Par III No conviction shall work corruption of blood or forfeiture of estate
Par IV All lotteries and the sale of lottery tickets are hereby prohibited and this prohibition shall be enforced by penal laws
Par V Lobbying is declared to be a crime and the General Assembly shall enforce this provision by suitable penalties
Par VI The General Assembly shall have the power to provide for the punishment of fraud and shall provide by law for reaching property of the debtor concealed from the creditor
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Section III
Paragraph I In cases of necessity private ways may be granted upon just compensation being first paid by the applicant Private property shall net be taken or damaged for public purposes without just and adequate compensation being first paid
Par II No bill of attainer ex post facto law retroactive law or law impairing the obligation of contracts or making irrevocable grants of special privileges or immunities shall be passed
Par III No grant of special privileges or immunities shall be revoked except in such manner as to work no injustice to the corporators or creditors of the incorporation
Section IV
Paragraph I Laws of a general nature shall have uniform operation throughout the State and no special law shall be enacted in any case for which provision has been made by an existing general law No general law affecting private rights shall be varied in any particular case by special legislation except with the free consent 3 Legislature
in writing of all persons to be affected thereby and no person under legal disability to contract is capable of such consent
Par II Legislative acts in violation of this Constitution or the Constitution of the United States are void and the judiciary shall so declare them
Section V
Paragraph I The people of this State have the inherent sole and exclusive right of regulating their internal government and the police thereof and of altering and abolishing their Constitution whenever it may be necessary to their safety and happiness
Par II The enumeration of rights herein contained as a part of this Constitution shall not be construed to deny to the people any inherent rights which they may have hitherto enjoyed
ARTICLE II
Elective Franchise
Section I
Paragraph I After the year 1908 elections by the people shall be by ballot and only those persons shall be allowed to vote who have been first registered in accordance with the requirements of law
Par II Every male citizen of this State who is a citizen of the United States twentyone years old or upwards not laboring
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under any of the disabilities named in this Article and possessing the qualifications provided by it shall be an elector and entitled to register and vote at any election by the people Provided that no soldier sailor or marine in the military or naval services of the United States shall acquire the rights of an elector by reason of being stationed on duty in this State
Par III To entitle a person to register and vote at any election by the people he shall have resided in the State one year next preceding the election and in the county in which he offers to vote six months next preceding the election and shall have paid all taxes which may have been required of him since the adoption of the Constitution of Georgia of 1877 that he may have had an opportunity of paying agreeably to law Such payment must have been made at least six months prior to the election at which he offers to vote except when such elections are held within six months from the expiration of the time fixed by law for the payment of such taxes
Par IV Every male citizen of this State shall be entitled to register as an elector and to vote in all elections in said State who is not disqualified under the provisions of Section 2 of Artcle 2 of this Constitution and who possesses the qualifications prescribed in paragraphs 2 and 3 of this Section or who will possess them at the date of the election occurring next after his registration and who in addition thereto comes within either of the classes provided for in the five following subdivisions of this paragraph
1 All persons who have honorably served in the land or naval forces of the United States in the Revolutionary War or in the War of 1812 or in the War with Mexico or in any War with the Indians or in the War between the States or in the War with Spain or who honorably served in the land or naval forces of the Confederate States or of the State of Georgia in the War between the States or
2 All persons lawfully descended from those embraced in the classes enumerated in the subdivision next above or
3 All persons who are of good character and understand the duties and obligations of citizenship under a republican form of government or
4 All persons who can correctly read in the English language any paragraph of the Constitution of the United States or of this State and correctly write the same in the English language when read to them by any one of the registrars and all persons who solely because of physical disability are unable to comply with the above requirements but who can understand and give a reasonable interpretation of any paragraph of the Constitution of the United
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States or of this State that may be read to them by any one of the registrars or
5 Any person who is the owner in good faith in his own right of at least forty acres of land situated in this State upon which he resides or is the owner in good faith in his own right of property situated in this State and assessed for taxation at the value of 50000
Par V The right to register under subdivisions 1 and 2 of paragraph 4 shall continue only until January 1st 1915 But the registrars shall prepare a roster of all persons who register under subdivisions 1 and 2 of paragraph 4 and shall return the same to the clerks office of the superior court of their counties and the clerks of the superior court shall send copies of the same to the secretary of State and it shall be the duty of these officers to record and permanently preserve these rosters Any person who has been once registered under either of the subdivisions 1 or 2 of paragraph 4 shall thereafter be permitted to vote Provided he meets the requirements of paragraphs 2 and 3 of this Section
Par VI Any person to whom the right of registration is denied by the registrars upon the ground that he lacks the qualifications set forth in the five subdivisions of paragraph 4 shall have the right to take an appeal and any citizen may enter an appeal from the decision of the registrars allowing any person to register under said subdivisions All appeals must be filed in writing with the registrars within ten days from the date of the decision complained of and shall be returned by the registrars to the office of the clerk of the superior court to be tried as other appeals
Par VII Pending an appeal and until the final decision of the case the judgment of the registrars shall remain in full force
Par VIII No person shall be allowed to participate in a primary of any political party or a convention of any political party in this State who is not a qualified voter
Par IX The machinery provided by law for the registration of force October 1st 1908 shall be used to carry out the provisions of this Section except where inconsistent with same the legislature may change or amend the registration laws from time to time but no such change or amendment shall operate to defeat any of the provisions of this section
Section II
Paragraph I The General Assembly may provide from time to time for the registration of all electors but the following classes of persons shall not be permitted to register vote or hold any office or appointment of honor or trust in this State towit 1st Those
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who shall have been convicted in any court of competent jurisdiction of treason against the State of embezzlement of public funds malfeasance in office bribery or larceny or of any crime involving moral turpitude punishable by the laws of this State with imprisonment in the penitentiary unless such person shall have been pardoned 2d idiots and insane persons
Section III
Paragraph I Electors shall in all cases except for treason felony larceny and breach of the peace be privileged from arrest during their attendance on elections and in going to and returning from the same
Section IV
Paragraph I No person who is the holder of any public money contrary to law shall be eligible to any office in this State until the same is accounted for and paid into the treasury
Par II No person who after the adoption of this Constitution being a resident of this State shall have been convicted of fighting a duel in this State or convicted of sending or accepting a challenge or convicted of aiding or abetting such duel shall hold office in this State unless he shall have been pardoned and every such person shall also be subject to such punishment as may be prescribed by law
Section V
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall by law forbid the sale distribution or furnishing of intoxicating drinks within two miles of election precincts on days of electionState county or municipaland prescribe punishment for any violation of the same
Sectidn VI
Paragraph I Returns of election for all civil officers elected by the people who are to be commissioned by the Governor and 4 Legislature
also for the members of the General Assembly shall be made to the secretary of State unless otherwise provided by law
ARTICLE III
Legislative Department
Section I
Paragraph I The legislative power of the State shall be vested in a General Assembly which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives
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Section II
Paragraph I The Senate shall consist of fiftyone members There shall be fiftyone Senatorial Districts as now arranged by counties Each District shall have one Senator
The First Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Chatham Bryan and Effingham
The Second Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Liberty Tattnall McIntosh Toombs and Evans
The Third Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Wayne Pierce Appling Jeff Davis and Bacon
The Fourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Glynn Camden and Charlton
The Fifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Coffee Ware and Clinch
The Sixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Echols Lowndes Berrien and Tift
The Seventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Brooks Thomas Colquitt and Grady
The Eighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Decatur Mitchell and Miller
The Ninth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Early Calhoun and Baker
The Tenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Dougherty Lee Worth and Turner
The Eleventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Clay Randolph and Terrell
The Twelfth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Stewart Webster and Quitman
The Thirteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Sumter Schley and Macon
The Fourteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Dooly Wilcox Pulaski Crisp and Bleckley
The Fifteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Wheeler Montgomery and Toombs
The Sixteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Laurens Emanuel and Johnson
The Seventeenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Screven Bulloch Burke Jenkins and Candler
The Eighteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Richmond Glascock and Jefferson
The Nineteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Taliaferro Greene and Warren
The Twentieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the
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counties of Baldwin Hancock and Washington
The Twentyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Twiggs Wilkinson and Jones
The Twentysecond Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Bibb Monroe and Pike
The Twentythird Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Houston Crawford and Taylor
The Twentyfourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Muscogee Marion and Chattahoochee
The Twentyfifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Harris Upson and Talbot
The Twentysixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Spalding Butts and Fayette
The Twentyseventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Barrow Walton and Oconee
The Twentyeighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Jasper Putnam and Morgan
The Twentyninth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Wilkes Columbia Lincoln and McDuffie
The Thirtieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Elbert Madison and Hart
The Thirtyfirst Senatorial Distrct shall be composed of the counties of Habersham Franklin and Stephens
The Thirtysecond Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of White Dawson and Lumpkin
The Thirtythird Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Hall Banks Jackson and Barrow
The Thirtyfourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of DeKalb Rockdale and Newton
The Thirtyfifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Fulton Clayton and Henry
The Thirtysixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Campbell Coweta Meriwether and Douglas
The Thirtyseventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Carroll Heard and Troup
The Thirtyeighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Haralson Polk and Paulding
The Thirtyninth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Cherokee Cobb and Douglas
The Fortieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Union Towns and Rabun
The Fortyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Pickens Fannin and Gilmer
The Fortysecond Senatoral Dstrict shall be composed of the
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counties of Bartow Floyd and Chattooga
The Fortythird Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Murray Gordon and Whitfield
The Fortyfourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Walker Dade and Catoosa
The Fortyfifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Irwin Ben Hill and Telfair
The Fortysixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Bacon Pierce and Coffee
The Fortyseventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Colquitt Tift and Turner
The Fortyeighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Crisp Wilcox and Dodge
The Fortyninth Senatorial Distrct shall be composed of the counties of Bulloch Candler and Evans
The Fiftieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Clarke Oglethorpe and Wilkes
The Fiftyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Gwinnett Milton and Forsyth
Par II The General Assembly may change these districts after each census of the United States Provided that neither the number of districts nor the number of Senators from each district shall be increased
ART 3
Section III
Paragraph I The House of Representatives shall consist of Representatives apportioned among the several counties of the State as such counties are marked and defined and as the same may be hereafter created as follows To the eight counties having the largest population three Representatives each to the thirty counties having the next largest population two Representatives each and the remaining counties one Representative each including the new counties of Lanier Seminole Brantley Long and Lamar In the event of the ratification of this amendment to the Constitution and in the event of the ratification of the amendments tb the Constitution creating the counties of Lanier Seminole and Brantley or either of them the said counties so created shall also be entitled to representation in the General Assembly In the event of a ratification of the amendments creating the counties of Lanier Seminole and Brantley or either of them an election shall be held in such county or counties on the first Tuesday in January 1921 under the laws now governing similar elections for members of the General 5 Legislature
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Assembly for the election of a member of the General Assembly from said county or counties for the session of 1921 and 1922
Par II The above apportionment shall be changed by the General Assembly at its first session after each census taken by the United States government so as to give the six counties having the largest population three representatives each and to the twentysix counties having the next largest population two representatives each but in no event shall the aggregate number of representatives be increased
Section IV
Paragraph I The members of the General Assembly shall be elected for two years and shall serve until the time fixed by law for the convening of the next General Assembly The provisions of this paragraph section and article shall apply to the term of the members of the General Assembly who are elected at the general election for members of the General Assembly in the year 1912
Par II The first election for members of the General Assembly under this Constitution shall take place on the first Wednesday in December 1877 the second election for the same shall be held on the first Wednesday in October 1880 and subsequent elections biennially on that day until the day of election is changed by law
Par III The first meeting of the General Assembly after the ratification of this Constitution shall be on the fourth Wednesday in October 1878 and annually thereafter on the same day until the day shall be changed by law
Par IV A majority of each house shall constitute a quorum to transact business but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day and compel the presence of its absent members as each house may provide
Par V Each senator and representative before taking his seat shall take the following oath or affirmation towit I will support the Constitution of this State and of the United States and on all questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be most conducive to the interests and prosperity of this State
Par VI No session of the General Assembly shall continue longer than fifty days Provided that if an impeachment trial is pending at the end of fifty days the session may be prolonged till completion of said trial
Par VII No person holding a military commission or other
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appointment or office having any emolument or compensation annexed thereto under this State or the United States or either of them except justices of the peace and officers of the militia nor any defaulter for public money or for any legal taxes required of him shall have a seat in either house nor shall any senator or representative after his disqualification as such be elected by the General Assembly or appointed by the Governor either with or without the advice and consent of the Senate to any office or appointment having any emolument annexed thereto during the time for which he shall have been elected
Par VIII The seat of a member of either house shall be vacated on his removal from the district or county from which he was elected
Section V
Paragraph I The senators shall be citizens of the United States who have attained the age of twentyfive years and who shall have been citizens of this State for four years and for one year residents of the district from which elected
Par II The presiding officer of the Senate shall be styled the President of the Senate and shall be elected viva voce from the senators
Par III The Senate shall have the sole power to try impeachments
Par IV When sitting for that purpose the members shall be on oath or affirmation and shall be presided over by the Chief Justice or the Presiding Justice of the Supreme Court Should the Chief Justice be disqualified the Senate shall select the judge of the Supreme Court to preside No person shall be convicted without the concurrence of twothirds of the members present
Par V Judgments in case of impeachment shall not extend further than removal from office and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor trust or profit within this State but the party convicted shall nevertheless be liable and subject to indictment trial judgment and punishment according to law
Section VI
Paragraph I The representatives shall be citizens of the United States Who have attained the age of twentyone years and who shall have been citizens of this State for two years and for one year residents of the counties from which elected
Par II The presiding officer of the House of Representatives shall be styled the Speaker of the House of Representatives and
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shall be elected viva voce from the body
Par III The House of Representatives shall have the sole power to impeach all persons who shall have been or may be in office
Section VII
Paragraph I Each house shall be the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its members and shall have pqwer to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by censure fine imprisonment or expulsion but no member shall be expelled except by a vote of twothirds of the house to which he belongs
Par II Each house may punish by imprisonment not extending beyond the session of any person not a member who shall be guilty of a contempt by any disorderly behavior in its presence or who shall rescue or attempt to rescue any person arrested by order of either house
Par III The members of both houses shall be free from arrest during their attendance on the General Assembly and in gonig thereto or returning therefrom except for treason felony larceny or breach of the peace and no member shall be liablq to answer in any other place for anything spoken in debate in either house
Par IV Each house shall keep a journal of its proceedings and publish it immediately after its adjournment
Par V The original journal shall be preserved after publication in the office of the Secretary of State but there shall be no other record thereof
Par VI The yeas and nays on any question shall at tfye desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the journal
Par VII Every bill before it shall pass shall be read three times and on three separate days in each house unless in cases of actual invasion or insurrection but the first and second reading of each local bill and bank and railroad charters shall consist of reading of the title only unless said bill is ordered to be engrossed
Par VIII No law or ordinance shall pass which refers to more than one subjectmatter or contains matter different from what is expressed in the title thereof
Par IX The general appropriation bill shall embrace nothing except appropriations fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the executive legislative and judicial departments of the government payment of the public debt and interest thereon and the support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appropriations shall be made by separate bills each embracing but one subject
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Par X All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills
Par XI No money shall be drawn from the treasury except by appropriation made by law and a regular statement and account of the receipt and expenditure of all public money shall be published every thyee months and also with the laws passed by each session of the General Assembly
Par XII No bill or resolution appropriating money shall be come a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in each house are recorded
Par XIII All acts shall be signed by the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives and no bill ordinance or resolution intended to have the effect of a law which shall have been rejected by either house shall be again proposed during the same session under the same or any other title without the consent of twothirds of the house by which the same was rejected
Par XIV No bill shall become a law unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the members elected to each house of the General Assembly and it shall in every instance so appear on the journal
Par XV By an act approved September 24 1885 an amendment to the Constitution was submitted to vote of the people in October 1886 and adopted whereby the original of this paragraph was stricken from this Constitution
Par XVI No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the locality where the matter or thing to be affected may be situated which notice shall be given at least thirty days prior to the introduction of such bill into the General Assembly and in the manner to be prescribed by law The evidence of such notice having been published shall be exhibited in the General Assembly before such acts shall be passed
Par XVII No law or section of the Code shall be amended or repealed by mere reference to its title or to the number of the section of the Code but the amending or repealing act shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as well as the alteration to be made
Par XVIII The General Assembly shall have no power to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies to make or change election precincts nor to establish bridges or ferries nor
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to change names of legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law the manner in which such powers shall be exercised by the courts it may confer this authority to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies to the Judges of the Superior Courts of this State in vacation All corporate powers and privileges to banking insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies shall be issued and granted by the secretary of State in such manner as shall be prescribed by law and if in any event the secretary of State should be disqualified to act in any case then in that event the legislature shall provide by general laws by what person such charters shall be granted
Par XIX The General Assembly shall have no power to relieve principals or securities ujpon forfeited recognizances from the payment thereof either before or after judgement thereon unless the principal in the recognizances shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the proper officer
Par XX The General Assembly shall not authorize the construction of any street passengerrailway within the limits of any incorporated town or city without the consent of the corporate authorities
Par XXI Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both houses for the passing of an act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the journal
Par XXII The General Assembly shall have power to make all laws and ordinances consistent with this Constitution and not repugnant to the Constitution of the United States which they shall deem necessary and proper for the welfare of the State
Par XXIII No provision in this Constitution for a twothirds vote of both houses of the General Assembly shall be construed to waive the necessity for the signature of the Governor as in any other case except in the case of the twothirds vote required to override the veto and in case of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly
Par XXIV Neither house shall adjourn for more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of a disagreement between the two houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them
Section VIII
Paragraph I The officers of the two houses other than the President and Speaker shall be a secretary of the Senate and clerk
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of the House of Representatives and such assistants as they may appoint but the clerical expenses of the Senate shall not exceed sixty dollars per day for each session nor those of the House of Representatives seventy dollars per day for each session The secretary of the Senate and clerk of the House of Reprsentatives shall be required to give bond and security for the faithful discharge of their respective duties
Section IX
Paragraph I The per diem of the members of the General Assembly shall not exceed seven dollars and mileage shall not exceed ten cents for each mile traveled by the nearest practicable route in going and returning from thq Capitol but the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives shall each receive not exceeding ten dollars per day
Section X
Paragraph I All elections by the General Assembly shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare the result
SECTI3N XI
Paragraph I All property of the wife at the time of her marriage and all property given to inherited or acquired by her shall remain her separate property and not be liable for the debts of her husband
Section XII
Paragraph I All life insurance companies now doing business in thtis State or which desire to establish agencies and do business in the State of Georgia chartered by other States of the Union or foreign States shall show that they have deposited with the comtrollergeneral of the State in which they are chartered or of this State the insurance commissioners or such other officer as may be authorized to receive it noteless than one hundred thousand dollars in such securities as may be deemed by such officer equivalent to cash subject to his order as guarantee fund for the security of policyholders
Par II When such showing is made to the comptrollergeneral of the State of Georgia by a proper certificate from the State official having charge of the funds so deposited the comptroller
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general of the State of Georgia is authorized to issue to the company making such showing a license to do business in the State upon paying the fees required by law
Par III All life insurance companies chartered by the State of Georgia or which may hereafter be chartered by the State shall before doing business deposit with the comptrollergeneral of the State of Georgia or with some strong corporation which may be approved by said comptrollergeneral one hundred thousand dollars in such securities as may be deemed by him equivalent to cash to be subject to his order as a guarantee fund for the security of the policyholders of the company making such deposit all interests and dividends arising from such securities to be paid when due to the company so deposited Any such securites as may be needed or desired by the company may be taken from said department at any time by replacing them with other securities equally acceptable to the comptrollergeneral whose certificate for the same shall be furnished to the company
Par IV The General Assembly shall from time to time enact laws to compel all fire insurance companies doing business in this State whether chartered by this State or otherwise to deposit reasonable securities with the treasurer of this State to secure the people against loss by the operations of said companies
Par V The General Assembly shall compel all insurance companies in this State or doing business therein under proper penalties to make semiannual reports to the Governor and print the same at their own expense for the information and protection of the people
7 Legislature
ARTICLE IV
Power of the General Assembly Over Taxation
Section I
Paragraph I The right of taxation is a soverign right inalienable indestructible is the life of the State and rightfully belongs to the people in all republican governments and neither the General Assembly nor any nor all other departments of the government established by this Constitution shall ever have the authority to irrevocably give grant limit or restrain this right and all laws grants contracts and all other acts whatsoever by said government or any department thereof to effect any of these purposes shall be and are hereby declared to be null and void for every purpose whatsoever and said right of taxation shall always be under the complete control of and revocable by the State notwithstanding any
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gift grant or contract whatsoever by the General Assembly
Section II
Paragraph I The power and authority of regulating railroad freights and passenger tariffs preventing unjust discriminations and requiring reasonable and just rates of freight and passenger tariffs are hereby conferred upon the General Assembly whose duty it shall be to pass laws from time to time to regulate freight and passenger tariffs to prohibit unjust discriminations on the various railroads of this State and tb prohibit said roads from charging other than just and reasonable rates and enforce the same by adequate penalties
Par II The exercise of the right of eminent domain shall never be abridged nor so construed as to prevent the General Assembly from taking the property and franchises of incorporated companies and subjecting them to public use the same as property of individuals and the exercise of the police power of the State shall never be abridged nor so construed as to permit corporations to conduct their business in such a manner as to infringe the equal rights of individuals or the general wellbeing of the State
Par III The General Assembly shall not remit the forfeiture of the charter of any corporation now existing nor alter or amend the same nor pass any other general or special law for the benefit of said corporation except upon the condition that such corporation shall thereafter hold its charter subject to the provisions of this Constitution and every amendment of any charter of any corporation in this State or any special law for its benefit accepted thereby shall operate as a novation of said charter and shall bring the same under the provisions of this Constitution Provided that this section shall not extend to any amendment for the purpose of allowing any existing road to take stock in or aid in the building of any branch road
Par IV The General Assembly of this State shall have no power to authorize any corporation to buy shares or stock in any other corporation in this State or elsewhere or to make any contract or agreement whatever with any such corporation which may have the effect or be intended to have the effect to defeat or lessen competition in their respective businesses or to encourage monopoly and all such contracts and agreements shall be illegal and void
Par V No railroad company shall give or pay any rebate or bonus in the nature thereof directly or indirectly or do any act to mislead or deceive the public as to the real rates charged or received for freights or passage and any such payments shall be
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illegal and void and these prohibitions shall be enforced by suitable penalties
Par VI No provision of this article shall be deemed held or taken to impair the obligation of any contract heretofore made by the State of Georgia
Par VII The General Assembly shall enforce the provisions of this Article by appropriate legislation
ARTICLE V
Executive Department
Section I
Paragraph I The offcers of the Executive Department shall consist of a Governor secretary of State comptrollergeneral and treasurer
Par II The executive power shall be vested in a Governor who shall hold his office during the term of two years and until his successor shall be chosen and qualified He shall not be eligible to reelection after the expiration of a second term for the period of four years He shall have a salary of three thousand dollars per annum until otherwise provided by a law passed by a twothirds vote of both branches of the General Assembly which shall not be increased or diminished during the period for which he shall have been elected nor shall he receive within that time any other emolument from the United States or either of them or from any foreign power But this reduction of salary shall not apply to the present term of the present Governor
Par III The first election for Governor under this Constitution shall be held on the first Wednesday in October 1880 and the Governorelect shall be installed in office at the next session of the General Assembly An election shall take place biennially thereafter on said day until another date be fixed by the General Assembly Said election shall be held at the places of holding general elections in the several counties of this State in the manner prescribed for the election of members of the General Assembly and the electors shall be the same
Par IV The returns for every election of Governor shall be sealed up by the managers separately from other returns and directed to the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives and transmitted to the secretary of State who shall without opening said returns cause the same to be laid before the Senate on the day after the two houses shall have been organized and they shall be transmitted by the Senate to the House of Representatives
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Par V The members of each branch of the General Assembly shall convene in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives shall open and publish the returns in the presence and under the direction of the General Assembly and the person having the majority of the whole number of votes shall be declared duly elected Governor of this State but if no person shall have such majority then from the two persons haying the highest number of votes who shall be in life and shall not decline an election at the time appointed for the General Assembly to elect the General Assembly shall immediately elect a Governor viva voce and in all cases of election of a Governor by the General Assembly a majority of the members present shall be necessary to a choice
Par VI Contested elections shall be determined by both houses of the General Assembly in such manner as shall be prescribed by law
Par VII No person shall be eligible to the office of Governor who shall not have been a citizen of the United States fifteen years and a citizen of the State six years and who shall not have attained the age of thirty years
Par VIII In case of the death resignation or disability of the Governor the President of the Senate shall exercise the executive powers of the government until such disability be removed or a successor is elected and qualified And in case of the death resignation or disability of the president of the Senate the Speaker of the House of Representatives shall exercise the executive powers of the government until the removal of the disability or the election and qualification of a Governor
Par IX The General Assembly shall have the power to provide by law for filling unexpired terms by special elections
Par X The Governor shall before he enters on the duties of his office take the following oath or affirmation I do solemnly swear or affirm as the case may be that I will faithfully execute the office of Governor of the State of Georgia and will to the best of my ability preserve protect and defend the Constitution thereof and the Constitution of the United States of America
Par XI The Governor shall be commanderinchief of the army and navy of this State and the militia thereof
Par XII He shall have power to grant reprieves and pardons to commute penalties remove disabilities imposed by law and to remit any part of a sentence for offences against the State after
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conviction except in case of treason and impeachment subject to such regulations as may be provided by law relative to the manner of applying for pardons Upon conviction for treason he may suspend the execution of the sentence and report the case to the General Assembly at the next meeting thereof when the General Assembly shall either pardon commute the sentence direct its execution or grant a further reprieve He shall at each session of the General Assembly communicate to that body each case of reprieve pardon or commutation granted stating the name of the convict the offense for which he was convicted the sentence and its date the date of the reprieve pardon or commutation and the reasons for granting the same He shall take care that the laws are faithfully executed and shall be a conservator of the peace throughout the State
Par XIII He shall issue writs of election to fill all vacancies that may happen in the Senate or House of Rperesentatives and shall give the General Assembly from time to time information of the state of the Commonwealth and recommend to their consideration such measures as he may deem necessary or expedient He shall have power to convoke the General Assembly on extraordinary occasions but no law shall be enacted at call sessions of the General Assembly except such as shall relate to the object stated in his proclamation convening them
Par XIV When any office shall become vacant by death resignation or otherwise the Governor shall have power to fill such vacancy unless otherwise provided by law and persons so appointed shall continue in office until a successor is commissioned agreeably to the mode pointed out by this Constitution or by law in pursuance thereof
Par XV A person once rejected by the Senate shall not be reappointed by the Governor to the same office during the same session or the recess thereafter
Par XVI The Governor shall have the revision of all bills passed by the General Assembly before the same shall became laws but twothirds of each house may pass a law notwithstanding his dissent and if any bill shall not be returned by the Governor within five days Sundays excepted after it has been presented to him the same shall be a law unless the General Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return He may apprbve any appropriation and disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill and the latter shall not be effectual unless passed by twothirds of each House
Par XVII Every vote resolution or order to which the con
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currence of both houses may be necessary except on a question of election or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor and before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be repassed by twothirds of each house
Par XVIII He may require information in writing from the officers in the Executive Department on any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices It shall be the duty of1 the Governor quarterly and oftener if he deems it expedient to examine under oath the treasurer and comptrollergeneral of the State on all matters pertaining to their respective offices and to inspect and review their books and accounts The General Assembly shall have authority to provide by law for the suspension of either of said officers from the discharge of the duties of his office and also for the appointment of a suitable person to discharge the duties of the same
Par XIX The Governor shall have the power to appoint his own secretaries not exceeding two in number and to provide such other clerical force as may be required in his office for salaries and clerical force in his office shall not exceed the sum of ten thousand dollars 1000000 and this sum shall not be exceeded either directly or indirectly for any services rendered the Governor in the way of clerical assistance or in any other manner
ART 5
Section II
Paragraph I The secretary of State comptrollergeneral and treasurer shall be elected by persons qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly at the same time and in the same manner as the Governor The provisions of the Constitution as to the transmission of the returns of election counting the votes declaring the result deciding when there is no election and when there is a contested election applicable to the election of Governor shall applyto the election of secretary of State comptrollergeneral and treasurer they shall be commissioned by the Governor and hold their offices for the same time as the Governor
Par II The salary of the treasurer shall not exceed fortyeight hundred dollars per annum the salary of the assistant treasurer shall not exceed thirtysix hundred dollars per annum The other clerical expenses of the Treasury Department shall not exceed six thousand dollars per annum The premium on the bond of the treasurer shall be paid by the State provided that this amendment shall not take effect until the Bank Bureau as now conducted in the
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State Treasury Department shall have been separataed from that department according to law
Par III The salary of the secretary of State shall not exceed two thousand dollars per annum and the clerical expenses of his department shall not exceed one thousand dollars per annum
Par IV The salary of the comptrollergeneral shall not exceed two thousand dollars per annum The clerical expenses of his department including the insurance department and wildland clerk shall not exceed four thousand dollars per annum and without said clerk it shall not exceed three thousand dollars per annum
Par V The treasurer shall not be allowed directly or indirectly to receive any fee interest or reward from any person bank or corporation for the deposit or use in any manner of the public funds and the General Assembly shall enforce this provision by suitable penalties
Par VI No person shall be eligible to the office of secretary of State comptrollergeneral or treasurer unless he shall have been a citizen of the United States for ten years and shall have resided in this State for six years nfext preceding his election and shall be twentyfive years of age when elected All of said officers shall give bond and security under regulations to be prescribed by law for the faithful discharge of their duties
Par VII The secretary of State the comptrollergeneral and the treasurer shall not be allowed any fee perquisite or compensation other than their salaries as prescribed by law except their necessary expenses when absent from the seat of government on business for the State
Section III
Paragraph I The great seal of the State shall be deposited in the office of the secretary of State and shall not be affixed to any instrument of writing except by order of the Governor or General Assembly and that now in use shall be the great seal of the State until otherwise provided by law
ARTICLE VI
J UDICIARY
Section I
The judicial powers of the State shall be vested in a Supreme Court a Court of Appeals superior courts courts of ordinary justices of the peace commissioned notaries public and such other courts as have been or may be established by law
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Section IL
Paragraph I The Supreme Court shall consist of a Chief Justice and five Associate Justices A majority of the court shall constitute a quorum
Par II When one or more of the judges are disqualified from deciding any case by interest or otherwise the Governor shall designate a judge or judges of the superior courts to preside in said case
Par III No judge of any court shall preside in any case where the validity of any bondFederal State corporation or municipalis involved who holds in his own right or as the representative of others any material interests in the class of bonds upon which the question to be decided arises
Par IV The Chief Justice and Associate Justices shall hold their offices for six years and until their successors are qualified A successor to the incumbent whose term will soonest expire shall be elected by the General Assembly in 1880 a successor to the incumbent whose term of office is next in duration shall be elected by the General Assembly in 1882 and a successor to the third incumbent shall be elected by the General Assembly in 1884 but appointments to fill vacancies shall only be for the unexpired term or until such vacancies are filled by elections agreeably to the mode pointed out by this Constituton
Par V The Supreme Court shall have no original jurisdiction but shall be a court alone for the trial and correction of errors of law from the superior courts and the City Courts of Atlanta and Savannah and such other like courts as have been or may hereafter be established in other cities in all cases that involve the construction of the Constitution of the State of Georgia or of the United States or of treaties between the United States and foreign governments in all cases in which the constitutionality of any law of the State of Georgia or of the United States is drawn in question and until otherwise provided by law in all cases respecting titles to land in all equity cases in all cases which involve the validity of or the construction of wills in all cases of conviction of a capital felony in all habeascorups cases in all cases involving extraordinary remeedies in all divorce and alimony cases and in all cases certified to it by the Court of Appeals for its determination It shall also be competent for the Supreme Court to require by certiorari or otherwise any case to be certified to the Supreme Court from th Court of Appeals for review and determination with the same power and authority as if the case had been carried by writ of error to the
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Supreme Court Any case carried to the Supreme Court or to the Court of Appeals which belongs to the class of which the other court has jurisdiction shall until otherwise provided by law be transferred to the other court under such rules as the Supreme Court may prescribe and the cases so transferred shall be heard and determined by the court which has jurisdiction thereof
Par VI The Supreme Court shall dispose of every case at the first or second term after such writ of error is brought and in case the plaintiff in error shall pot be prepared at the first term to prosecute the caseunless prevented by providential causeit shall be stricken from the docket and the judgment below shall stand affirmed
Par VII In any case the court may in its discretion withhold its judgment until the next term after the same is argued
Par VIII The Supreme Court shall hereafter consist of a Chief Justice and five Associate Justices The court shall have power to hear and determine cases when sitting either in a body or in two divisions of three judges each under such regulations as may be prescribed by the General Assembly A majority of either division shall constitute a quorum for that division The Chief Justice and the Associate Justices of the Supreme Court shall hereafter be elected by the people at the same time and in the same manner as the Governor and the Statehouse officers are elected except that the first election under this amendment shall be held on the third Wednesday in December 1896 at which time one Associate Justice shall be elected for a full term of six years to fill the vacancy occurring on January 1st 1897 by the expiration of the term of one of the present incumbents and three additional Associate Justices shall be elected for terms expiring respectively January 1st 1899 January 1st 1901 and January 1st 1903 The persons elected as additional Associate Justices shall among themselves determine by lot which of the three lastmentioned terms each shall have and they shall be commissioned accordingly After said first election all terms except unexpired terms shall be for six years each
In case of any vacancy which causes an unexpired term the same shall be filled by executive appointment and the person appointed by the Governor shall hold his office until the next regular elec 9 tion and until his successor for the balance of the unexpired term shall have been elected and qualified The returns of said special election shall be made to the secretary of State
Par IX The Court of Appeals shall consist of the judges provided therefor by law at the time of the ratification of this amendment and of such additional judges as the General Assembly
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shall from time to time prescribe All terms of the judges of the Court of Appeals after the expiration of the terms of the judges provided for by law at the time of the ratification of the amendment except unexpired terms shall continue six years and until their successors are qualified The time and manner of electing judges and the mode of filling a vacancy which causes an unexpired term shall be the same as are or may be provided for by the laws relating to the election and appointment of Justices of the Supreme Court The Court of Appeals shall have jurisdiction for the trial and correction of errors of law from the superior courts and from the City Courts of Atlanta and Savannah and such other like courts as have been or may hereafter be established in other cities and in all cases in which such jurisdiction has not been conferred by this Constitution upon the Supreme Court in such other cases as may hereafter be prescribed by law except that where a case is pending in the Court of Appeals and the Court of Appeals desires instruction from the Supreme Court it may certify the same to the Supreme Court and thereupon a transcript of the record shall be transmitted to the Supreme Court which after having afforded to the parties an opportunity to be heard thereon shall instruct the Court of Appeals on the question so certified and the Court of Appeals shall be bound by the instructions so given But if by reason of equal division of opinion among the Justices of the Supreme Court no such instruction is given the Court of Appeals may decide the question The manner of certifying questions to the Supreme Court by the Court of Appeals and the subsequent proceedings in regard to the same in the Supreme Court shall be as the Supreme Court shall by its rules prescribe until otherwise provided by law No affirmance of the judgment of the court below in cases pending in the Court of Appeals shall result from delay in disposing of questions or cases certified from the Court of Appeals to the Supreme Court or as to which such certificate has been required by the Supreme Court as hereinbefore provided All writs of error in the Supreme Court or the Court of Appeals when received by its clerk during a term of the court and before the docket of the term is by order of the court closed shall be entered thereon when received at any other time shall be entered on the docket of the next term and they shall stand for hearing at the term for which they are so entered under such rules as the courts may prescribe until otherwise provided by law The Court of Appeals shall appoint a clerk and a sheriff of the court The reporter of the Supreme Court shall be the reporter of the Court of Appeals until otherwise provided by law The laws relating to the Supreme Court as to qualifications and salaries of judges the
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designation of other judges to preside when members of the court are disqualified the powers duties salaries fees and terms of officers the mode of carrying cases to the court the powers practice procedure times of sitting and costs of the court the publication of reports of cases decided therein and in all other respects except as otherwise provided in this Constitution or by the laws as to the Court of Appeals at the time of the ratification of this amendment and until otherwise provided by law shall apply to the Court of Appeals so far as they can be made to apply The decisions of the Supreme Court shall bind the Court of Appeals as precedents
Section III
Paragraph I There shall be a judge of the superior courts for each judicial circuit whose term of office shall be four years and until his successor is qualified He may act in other circuits when authorized by law The legislature shall have authority to add one or more additional judges of the superior court for any judicial circuit in this State and shall have authority to regulate the manner in which the judges of such circuits shall dispose of the business thereof and shall fix the time at which the term or terms of office of such additional judge or judges shall begin and the manner of his appointment or election and shall have authority from time to time to add to the number of such judges in any judicial circuit or to reduce the number of judges in any judicial circuit Provided that at all times there shall be at least one judge in every judical circuit of this State
Par II The successors to the present and subsequent incumbents shall be elected by the electors entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly of the whole State at the general election held for such members next preceding the expiration of their respective terms Provided that the successors for all incumbents whose terms expire on or before the first day of January 1899 shall be elected by the General Assembly at its session for 1898 for the full term of four years
Par III The term of the judges to be elected under the Constitution except to fill vacancies shall begin on the first day of January after their election Every vacancy occasioned by death resignation or other causes shall be filled by appointments of the Governor until the first day of January after the general election held next after the expiration of thirty days from the time such vacancy occurs at which election a successor for the unexpired term shall be elected
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Section IV
Paragraph I The superior court shall have exclusive jurisdiction in cases of divorce in criminal cases where the offender is subjected to loss of life or confinement in the penitentiary in cases respecting titles to land and equity cases
Par II The General Assembly may confer upon the courts of common law all the powers heretofore exercised by courts of equity in this State
Par III Said courts shall have jurisdiction in all civil cases except as hereinafter provided
Par IV They shall have appellate jurisdiction in all such cases as may be provided by law
Par V They shall have power to correct errors in inferior judicatories by writ of certiorari which shall only issue on the sanction of the judge and said courts and the judges thereof shall have power to issue writs of mandamus prohibition scire facias and all other writs that may be necessary for carrying their powers fully into effect and shall have such other powers as are or may be conferred on them by law
Par VI The General Assembly may provide for an appeal from one jury in the superior and city courts to another and the said court may grant new trials on legal grounds
Par VII The court shall render judgment without the verdict of a jury in all civil cases founded on unconditional contracts in writing where an issuable defense is not filed under oath or affirmation
Par VIII The superior courts shall sit in each county not less than twice in each year at such times as have been or may be appointed by law
Par IX The General Assembly may provide by law for the appointment of some proper person to preside in cases where the presiding judge is from any cause disqualified
Section V
Paragraph I In any county within which there is or hereafter may be a city court the judge of said court and of the superior court may preside in the courts of each other in cases where the judge of either court is disqualified to preside
Section VI
Paragraph I The powers of a court of ordinary and of probate shall be vested in an ordinary for each county from whose de
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cision there may be an appeal or by consent of parties without a decision to the superior court under regulations prescribed by law
Par II The courts of ordinary shall have such powers in relation to roads bridges ferries public buildings paupers county officers county funds county taxes and other county matters as may be conferred on them by law
Par III The ordinary shall hold his office for the term of four years and until his successor is elected and qualified
Section VII
Paragraph I There shall be in each militia district one justice of the peace whose official term except when elected to fill an unexpired term shall be four years Provided however that the General Assembly may in its discretion abolish justice courts and the office of justice of the peace and of notary public exofficio justices of the peace in any city in this State having a population of over twenty thousand and establish in lieu thereof such court or courts or system of courts as the General Assembly may in its discretion deem necessary conferring upon such new court or courts or system of courts when so established the jurisdiction as to subject matter now exercised by justice courts and by jutices of the peace and notaries public exofficio justices of the peace together with such additional jurisdiction either as to amount or to subject matter as may be provided by law whereof some other Court has not exclusive jurisdiction under this Constitution together also with such provsion as to rules and procedure in such courts and as to new trials and the correction of errors in and by said courts and with such further provision for the correction of errors by the Superior Court of the Court of Appeals or the Supreme Court as the General Assembly may from time to time in its discretion provide or authorize Any court so established shall not be subject to the rules of uniformity laid down in Paragraph 1 of Section 9 of Article 6 of the Constitution of Georgia
Par II Justices of the peace shall have jurisdiction in all civil cases arising ex contractu and in cases of injuries oij damages to personal property when the principal sum does not exceed one hundred dollars and shall sit monthly at fixed times and places but in all cases there may be an appeal to a jury in said court or an appeal to the superior court under such regulations as may be prescribed by law
Par III Justices of the peace shall be elected by the legal voters in their respective districts and shall be commissioned by the
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Governor They shall be removable on conviction for malpractice in office
Section VIII
Paragraph I Commissioned notaries public not to exceed one for each militia district may be appointed by the judges of superior courts in their respective circuits upon recommendation of the grand juries of the several counties They shall be commissioned by the Governor for the term of four years and shall be exofficio justices of the peace and shall be removable on conviction for malpractice in office
Section IX
Paragraph I The jurisdiction powers proceedings and practice of all courts or officers invested with judicial powers except city courts of the same grade or class so far as regulated by law and the force and effect of the process judgment and decree by such courts severally shall be uniform This uniformity must be established by the General Assembly
Section X
Paragraph I There shall be an attorneygeneral of this State who shall be elected by the people at the same time for the same term and in the same manner as the Governor
Par II It shall be the duty of the attorneygeneral to act as the legal adviser of the executive department to represent the State in the Supreme Court in all capital felonies and in all civil and criminal cases in any court when required by the Governor and to perform such other services as shall be required of him by law
Section XI
Paragraph I There shall be a solicitorgeneral for each judicial circuit whose official term except to fill a vacancy shall be four years The successors of present and subsequent incumbents shall be elected by the electors of the whole State qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly at the general election held next preceding the expiration of their rspective terms Every vacancy occasioned by death resignation or other cause shall be filled by appointment of the Governor until the first day of January after the general election held next after the expiration of thirty days from the time such vacancy occurs at which election a successor for the unexpired term shall be elected Provided that the successors for all incumbents whose terms expire on or before the first day of January 1899 shall be elected by the General Assembly at its session for 1898 for the full term of four years
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Par II It shall be the duty of the solicitorgeneral to represent the State in all cases in the superior courts of his circuit and in all cases taken up from his circuit to the Supreme Court and to perform such other services as shall be required of him by law
Section XIII
Paragraph I The Justices of the Supreme Court each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 7000 per annum the Judges of the Court of Appeals each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 7000 per annum the Judges of the superior courts each shall have out of the treasury of the State salaries of 5000 per annum the attorneygeneral shall have a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum and the solicitorsgeneral each shall have salaries not to exceed two hundred and fifty dollars per annum but the attorney general shall not have any fee or perqusite in any cases arising after the adoption of this Constitution Provided that the county of Chatham shall from its treasury pay to the Judges of the Superior Courts of the Eastern Circuit three thousand dollars per annum said payments are hereby declared to be a part of the court expenses of said county and shall be made to the judges now in office as well as their successors Provided further that the Board of County Commissioners of Fulton County or such other board or person as may from time to time exercise the administrative powers of Fulton County shall have power and authority to pay the judges of the superior court of Fulton County such sums in addition to the salaries paid by the State as said administrative authority or authorities may deem advisable and the amounts so paid are declared to be a part of the court expenses of said county
Provided further that the Board of County Commissioners of the counties of Clark Floyd Sumter Muscogee Bibb or such other Board or persons as may from time to time exercise the administrative powers of said several counties may supplement from their respective county treasuries the salaries of the judges of the circuits of which they are a part by such sum as may be necessary with salaries paid each of said judges from the State treasury to make a salary of 6000 each per annum of such judges and such payments are declared to be a part of the court expenses of said counties and such payments shall be made to the judges now in office as well as to their successors Provided further that the County of Fulton may supplement the salary of the judge of the Stone Mountain Circuit or the judges of such other circuit as may be hereafter required to regularly preside therein for additional services rendered in the Superior Court of said county such sums as will with the salary
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paid such judge from the State Treasury make a salary of 6000 per annum said payments are declared to be a part of the court expenses of Fulton County such payments to be made to the judge now in office as well as to his successors The provisions of this amendment shall take effect and the salaries herein provided for shall begin from the ratification of this amendment and shall apply to the encumbents in the several offices as well as their successors and provided further that the Board of County Commissioners of the county of Richmond or such other Board or persons as may from time to time exercise the administrative powers of said county shall supplement from said countys treasury the salary of the judge of the Superior Court of the circuit of which the said County of Richmond is a part by such sum as may be necessary with salaries paid such judge from the State Treasury to make a salary for said judge of 7000 per annum and such payments are declared to be a part of the court expenses of said county and such payments shall be made to the judge now in office as well as to his successor The provisions of this amendment shall take effect and the salaries herein provided for shall begin from the ratification of this amendment and shall apply to the encumbents in office as well as his successors
The Act of the General Assembly of 1904 entitled An Act to regulate the salaries of Judges of the Superior Courts of all Judicial Circuits of this State having or that may hereafter have therein a city with a population of not less than 54000 nor more than 75000 inhabitants and for other purposes with the Acts of the General Assembly of 1905 and 1906 amendatory thereof and also the Act of the General Assembly of 1906 entitled An Act to Regulate the Compensation of Judges of the Superior Courts for services rendered outside of their own Circuits in those Judicial Circuits of the State having therein a city of not less than 75000 inhabitants according to the Census of 1900 and for other purposes which Acts provide for the payment from the treasuries of the counties containing said cities to the judges aforesaid of a part of their salaries are ratified validated and confirmed as to the dates of said respective enactments
Par II The General Assembly may at any time by a twothirds vote of each branch prescribe other and different salaries for any or all of the above officers but no such change shall affect the officers then in commission Provided however that the General Assembly shall have power at any time by a majority vote of each branch to abolish the fees at present accruing to the office of solicitorgeneralin any particular judicial circuit and in lieu thereof to prescribe a salary for such office in addition to the salary prescribed in paragraph 1 of this section of this article and without
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regard to the uniformity of such salaries in the various circuits and shall have the further power to determine what disposition shall be made of the fines forfeitures and fees accruing to the office of solicitorgeneral in any such judicial circuit where the fees are abolished
Section XIV
Paragraph I No person shall be judge of the Supreme or superior courts or attorneygeneral unless at the time of his election he shall have attained the age of thirty years and shall have been a citizen of the State three years and have practiced law for seven years and no person shall be hereafter elected solicitorgeneral unless at the time of his election he shall have attained twentyfive years of age shall have been a citizen of the State for three years and shall have practiced law for three years next preceding his election
Section XV
Paragraph I No total divorce shall be granted except on the concurrent verdicts of two juries at different terms of the court
Par II When divorce is granted the jury rendering the
final verdict shall determine the rights and disabilities of the parties
Section XVI
Paragraph I Divorce cases shall be brought in the county where the defendant resides if a resident of this State if the defendant be not a resident of this State then in the county in which the plaintiff resides
Par II Cases respecting titles to land shall be tried in the county where the land lies except where a single tract is divided by a county line in which case the superior court in either county shall have jurisdiction
Par III Equity cases shall be tried in the county where a defendant resides against whom substantial relief is prayed
Par IV Suits against joint obligors joint promissors co
partners or joint trespassers residing in different counties may be tried in either county
Par V Suits against the maker and indorser of promissory notes or drawer acceptor and endorser of foreign or inland bills of exchange or like instruments residing in different counties shall be brought in the county where the maker or acceptor resides
Par VI All other civil cases shall be tried in the county where the defendant resides and all criminal cases shall be tried in the county where the crime was committed except cases in the
superior courts where the judge is satisfied that an impartial jury cannot be obtained in such county
Sectidn XVII
Paragraph I The power to change the venue in civil and criminal cases shall be vested in the superior courts to be exercised in such manner as has been or shall be provided by law
Section XVIII
Paragraph I The right of trial by jury except where it is otherwise provided in this Constitution shall remain inviolate but the General Assembly may prescribe any number not less than five to constitute a trial or traverse jury in courts other than the superior and city courts
Par II The General Assembly shall provide by law for the selection of the most experienced intelligent and upright men to serve as grand jurors and intelligent and upright men to serve as traverse jurors Nevertheless the grand jurors shall be competent to serve as traverse jurors
Par III It shall be the duty of the General Assembly by general laws to prescribe the manner of fixing compensation of jurors in all counties in this State
Section XIX
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall have power to provide for the creation of county commissioners in such counties as may require them and to define their duties
Section XX
Paragraph I All courts not specially mentioned by name in the first section of this article may be abolished in any county at the discretion of the General Assembly
Section XXI
Paragraph I The costs in the Supreme Court shall not exceed ten dollars until otherwise provided by law Plaintiffs in error shall not be required to pay costs in said court when the usual pauper oath is filed in the court below
ARTICLE VII
Finance Taxation and Public Debt
Section I
Paragraph I The powers of taxation over the whole State shall be exercised by the General Assembly for the following purposes only
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For the support of the State government and the public institutions
For educational purposes in instructing children in the ele
To pay the principal of the public debt
To suppress insurrection to repel invasion and defend the
To supply the soldiers who lost a limb or limbs in the military service of the Confederate States with substantial artificial limbs during life and make suitable provisions for such Confederate soldiers as may have been otherwise disabled or permanently injured in such service or who may by reason of age and poverty or infirmity and poverty or blindness and poverty be unable to provide a living for themselves and for the widows of such Confederate soldiers as may have died in the service of the Confederate State or since from wounds received therein or disease contracted in the service or who by reason of age and poverty or infirmity and poverty or blindness and poverty are unable to provide a living for themselves Provided that the Act shall only apply to such widows as were married at the time of such service and have remained unmarried since the death of such soldier husband
To make provisions for the payment of pensions to any exConfederate soldier residing in this State January 1 1920 who enlisted in the military service of the Confederate State during the Civil War between the States of the United States and who performed actual military service in the armies of the Confederate States or of the organized militia of this State and was honorably discharged therefrom and to widows now residents of this State of exConfederate soldiers who enlisted in the military service of the Confederate States and who performed actual service in the armies of the Confederate States or of the organized militia of this State who died in said military service or was honorably discharged therefrom who were married prior to January 1 1881 No widow of a soldier killed during the war shall be deprived of her pension by reason of having subsequently married another veteran who is dead unless she is receiving pension account of being the widow of such second husband
Any soldier doing service in the Confederate army whether he belonged to the Confederate army or whether he belonged to the militia of any Confederate State and served with the Confederate army shall be eligible to draw a pension
Par II The levy of taxes on property for any one year by the General Assembly for all purposes except to provide for repelling
mentary branches of an English education only To pay interest on the public debt
State in time f war
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invasion suppressing insurrection or defending the State in time of war shall not exceed five mills on each dollar of the value of the property taxable in the State
Section II
Paragraph I All taxation shall be uniform upon the same class of subjects and ad valorem on all property subject to be taxed within the territorial limits of the authority levying the tax and shall be levied and collected under the general laws The General Assembly may however impose a tax upon such domestic animals as from their nature and habits are destructive of other property
Par II The General Assembly may by law exempt from taxation all public property places of religious worship or burial all institutions of purely public charity all buildings erected for and used as a college incorporated academy or other seminary of learning and also funds or property held or used as endowment by such colleges incorporated academies or seminaries of learning provided the same is not invested in real estate and provided further that said exemption shall not apply to such colleges incorporated academies or other seminaries of learning as are open to the general public provided further that all endowments to institutions established for white people shall be limited to white people and all endowments to institutions established for colored people shall be limited to colored people the real and personal estate of any public library and that of any other literary association used by or connected with suchlibrary all books and philosophical apparatus and all paintings and statuary of any company or association kept in a public hall and not held as merchandise or for purposes of sale or gain provided that property so exempted be not used for purposes of private or corporate profit or income The General Assembly shall further have power to exempt from taxation farm products including baled cotton grown in this State and remaining in the hands of the producers but no longer than for the year next after their production
Par III No polltax shall b6 levied except for educational purposes and such tax shall not exceed one dollar annually upon each poll
Par IV All laws exempting property from taxation other than the property herein enumerated shall be void
Par V The power to tax corporations and corporate property shall not be surrendered or suspended by any contract or grant to which the State shall be a party
Par VI All persons or classes of persons who were by laws
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of force January 1st 1911 required to make returns for taxation to the comptrollergeneral and all who may hereafter be so required shall on or before the first day of March of each year make such returns as of date of January 1st of that year and shall pay the taxes arising on such returns in favor of the State on or before the first of September of the same year anything heretofore contained in the Constitution or laws of Georgia to the contrary notwithstanding The laws of force on said date governing such returns and payments and the collection and enforcement thereof shall remain of force as applicable to the returns and payments herein required until the same shall be changed by law The General Assembly shall have power to make or alter all laws that may be necessary or proper for enforcing the provisions of this paragraph
Section III
Paragraph I No debt shall be contracted by or on behalf of the State except to supply such temporary deficit as may exist in the treasury in any year from necessary delay in collecting the taxes of that year to repel invasion suppress insurrection and defend the State in time war or to pay the existing public debt but the debt created to supply deficiencies in revenue shall not exceed in the aggregate Five Hundred Thousand Dollars and any loan made for this purpose shall be repaid out of the taxes levied for the year in which the loan is made
Section IV
Paragraph I All laws authorizing the borrowing of money by or on behalf of the State shall specify the purposes for which the money is to be used and the money so obtained shall be used for the purpose specified and for no other
Section V
Paragraph I The credit of the State shall not be pledged or loaned to any individual company corporation or association and the State shall not become a joint owner or stockholder in any company association or corporation
Section VI
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall not authorize any county municipal corporation or political division of this State to become a stockholder in any company corporation or association or to appropriate money for or to loan its credit to any corporation company association institution or individual except for purely charitable purposes This restriction shall not operate to prevent the support of schools by municipal corporations within their
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respective limits Provided that if any municipal corporation shall offer to the State any property for locating or building a capitol and the State accepts such offer the corporation may comply with such offer
Par II The General Assembly shall not have power to delegate to any county the right to levy a tax for any purpose except for educational purposes to build and repair the public buildings and bridges to maintain and support prisoners to pay jurors and coroners and for litigation quarantine roads and expenses of courts to support paupers and pay debts heretofore existing to pay the county police and to provide for necessary sanitation
Sectdn VII
Paragraph I The debt hereafter incurred by any county municipal corporation or political division of this State except as in this Constitution provided for shall not exceed seven per centum of the assessed value of all the taxable property therein and no such county municipality or division shall incur any new debt except for a temporary loan or loans to supply casual deficiences of revenue not exceeding onefifth of one per centum of the assessed value of the taxable property therein without the assent of twothirds of the qualified voters thereof voting at an election for that purpose to be held as prescribed by law provided said twothirds so voting shall be a majority of the registered voters and provided further that all laws charter provisions and ordinances heretofore passed or enacted providing special registration of the voters of counties municipal corporations and other political divisions of this State to pass upon the issuance of bonds by such counties municipal corporations and other political divisons are hereby declared to be null and void and the General Assembly shall hereafter have no power to pass or enact any law providing for such special registration but the validity of any and all bond issues by such counties municipal corporations or other political divisions made prior to January 1st 1918 shall not be affected hereby but any city the debt of which does not exceed seven per centum of the assessed value of the taxable property at the time of the adoption of this Constitution may be authorized by law to increase at any time the amount of said debt three per centum upon such assessed valuation except that the City Council of Augusta from time to time as necessary for the purpose of protection against floods may incur a bonded indebtedness upon its power producing canal and municipal water works in addition to the debts hereinbefore in this paragraph allowed to be incurred to an amount in the aggregate not exceeding fifty per centum of the corn
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bined value of such properties the valuation of such properties to be fixed as may be prescribed by law but said valuation not to exceed a figure five per cent on which shall represent the revenue net per annum produced by the two such properties together at the time of said valuation and such indebtedness not to be incurred except with the assent of twothirds of the qualified voters of such city at an election or elections for that purpose to be held as may be now or may be hereafter prescribed by law for the incurring of new debts by said City Council of Augusta Except that the city of West Point from time to time as may be necessary for the purpose of protection against floods may incur a bonded indebtedness in addition to and separate from the amount of debts hereinbefore in this paragraph allowed to be incurred to an amount in the aggregate not exceeding the sum of seven hundred and fifty thousand dollars and such indebtedness not to be incurred except with the assent of twothirds of the qualified voters of such city at an election or elections to be held as may be now or may be hereafter prescribed by law for the incurring of new debts by said city of West Point Provided any municipality having a population of 150000 or more can issue and sell street improvement bonds without the said assent of twothirds of the qualified voters at an election called thereon but upon a twothirds vote of the members of its governing body with these limitatons First the term of such bonds shall in no case exceed ten years Second the amount of each issue shall be limited to the amount assessed by such municipality upon each improvement Third these bonds shall be issued only for the grading and paving or repaving of streets or portion of streets Fourth the interest thereon shall not exceed six per centum per annum Fifth these bonds can be issued without regard to the amount of other outstanding debts or bonds of said municipality Sixth these bonds not to be issued except in case such pavement or repavement has been petitioned for in writing by the owners of more than fifty per cent of the property abutting on the street or portion of street paved or repaved
Par II Any county municipal corporation or political division of this State which shall incur any bonded indebtedness under the provisions of this Constitution shall at or before the time of so doing provide for the assessment and collection of an annual tax sufficient in amount to pay the principal and interest of said debt within thirty years from the date of the incurring of said indebtedness
Section VIII
Paragraph I The State shall not assume the debt nor any
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part thereof of any county municipal corporation or political division of the State unless such debt shall be contracted to enable the State to repel invasion suppress insurrection or defend itself in time of war
Section IX
Paragraph I The receiving directly or indirectly by any officer of the State or county or member or officer of the General Assembly of any interests profits or perquisites arising from the use or loan of public funds in his hands or moneys to be raised through his agency for State or county purposes shall be deemed a felony and punishable as may be prescribed by law a part of which punishment shall be a disqualification from holding office
Section X
Paragraph L Municipal corporations shall not incur any debt until provisions therefor shall have been made by the municipal gov ernment
Section XI
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall have no authority to appropriate money directly or indirectly to pay the whole or any part of the principal or interest of the bonds or other obligations which have been pronounced illegal null and void by the General Assembly and the constitutional amendments ratified by a vote of the people on the first day of May 1877 nor shall the General Assembly have authority to pay any of the obligations created by the State nder laws passed during the late war between the States nor any of the bonds notes or obligations made and entered into during the existence of said war the time for the payment of which was fixed after the ratification of a treaty of peace between the United States and the Confederate Stattes nor shall the General Assembly pass any law or the Governor or other State official enter into any contract or agreement whereby the State shall be made a party to any suit in any court of this State or of the United States instituted to test the validity of any such bonds or obligaions
Section XII
Paragraph I The bonded debt of the State shall never be increased except to repel invasion suppress insurrection or defend the State in time of war
Section XIII
Paragraph I The proceeds of the sale of the Western and Atlantic Macon and Brunswick or other railroads held by the State
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and any other property owned by the State whenever the General Assembly may authorize the sale of the whole or any part thereof shall be applied to the payment of the bonded debt of the State and shall not be used for any other purpose whatever so long as the State has any existing bonded debt Provided that the proceeds of the sale of the Western and Atlantic Railroad shall be applied to the payment of the bonds for which said railroad has been mortgaged in preference to all other bonds
Section XIV
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall raise by taxation each year in addition to the sum required to pay the public expenses and interest on the public debt the sum of one hundred thousand dollars which shall be held as a sinking fund to pay off and retire the bonds of the State which have not yet matured and shall be applied to no other purpose whatever If the bonds cannot at any time be purchased at or below par then the sinking fund herein provided for may be loaned by the Governor and treasurer of the State Provided the security which shall be demanded for said loan shall consist only of the valid bonds of the State but this section shall not take effect until the eight per cent currency bonds issued under the Act of February the 19th 1873 shall have been paid
Section XV
Paragraph I The comptrollergeneral and treasurer shall each make to the Governor a quarterly report of the financial condition of the State which report shall include a statement of the assets liabilities and income of the State and expenditures therefor for the three months preceding and it shall bef the duty of the Governor to carefully examine the same by himself or through comptent persons connected with his department and cause an abstract thereof to be published for the informaton of the people which abstract shall be indorsed by him as having been examined
Section XVI
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall not by vote resolution or order grant any donation or gratuity in favor of any person corporation or association
Par II The General Assembly shall not grant or authorize extra compensation to any public officer agent or contractor after the service has been rendered or the contract entered into
Section XVII
Paragraph I The office of the State printer shall cease with
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the expiration of the term of the present incumbent and the General Assembly shall provide by law for letting the public printing to the lowest responsible bidder or bidders who shall give adequate and satisfactory security for the faithful performance thereof No mepiber of the General Assembly or other public officer shall be interested either directly or indirectly in any such contract
ARTICLE VIII
Education
Section I
Paragraph I There shall be a thorough system of common schools for the education of the children as nearly uniform as practicable the expense of which shall be provided for by taxation or otherwise The schools shall be free to all children of the State but separate schools shall be provided for the white and colored races
Section II
Paragraph I here shall be a State school commissioner elected by the people at the same time and manner as the Governor and Statehouse officers are elected whose term of office shall be two years and until his successor is elected and qualified His office shall be at the seat of government and he shall be paid a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum The General Assembly may substitute for the State school commissioner such officer or officers as may be deemed necessary to perfect the system of public education
Section III
Paragraph I The polltax any educational fund now belonging to the State except the endowment of and debt due to the University of Georgia a special tax on shows and exhibition and on the sale of spirituous and malt liquors which the General Assembly is hereby authorized to assess and the proceeds of any commutation tax for military service and all taxes that may be assessed on such domestic animals as from their nature and habits are destructive to other property are hereby set apart and devoted for the support of common schools
Section IV
Paragraph I Authority is granted to the counties and municipal corporations upon the recommendation of the corporate authority to establish and maintain public schools in their respective limits by local taxation The proper county authorities whose duty it is to levy taxes for county purposes in this State shall on the recommendation of the board of education assess and collect taxes for
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the support of the public schools under its control not less than one nor more than five mills on the dollar of all taxable property of the county outside of independent local systems which shall be distributed equitably according to the school population tax values the number of teachers and their grade of license among the public schools therein An additional levy to that already allowed not to exceed five mills shall be permissible in independent local systems municipalities or school districts on a twothirds vote of those voting No additional election shall be required to maintain any local school tax now in existence in districts counties or municipalities provided this paragraph shall not apply to counties having a local school system of taxation adopted prior to the Constitution of 1877
Section V
Paragraph 1 Existing local school systems shall not be affected by this Constitution Nothing contained in first section of this article shall be construed to deprive schools in this State not common schools from participation in the educational fund of the State as to all pupils therein taught in the elementary branches of an English education
Section VI
Paragraph I The trustees of the University of Georgia may accept bequests donations and grants of land or other property for the use of said University In addition to the payment of the annual i interest on the debt due by the State to the University the General I Assembly shall from time to time make such appropriations to the f University and high schools as the condition of the treasury author ize
ARTICLE IX
Homestead and Exemption
Section I
Paragraph I There shall be exempt from levy and sale by virtue of any process whatever under the laws of this State except as hereinafter excepted of the property of every head of a family or guardian or trustee of a family of minor children or every aged or infirm person or person having the care and support of dependant females of any age who is not the head of a family realty or personalty or both to the value in the aggregate of sixteen hundred dollars
Section II
Paragraph I No court or ministerial officer in this State shall ever have jurisdiction or authority to enforce any judgment execution or decree against the property set apart for such purpose in
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eluding such improvements as may be made thereon from time to time except for taxes for the purchasemoney of the same for labor done thereon for material furnished therefor or for the removal of incumbrances thereon
Section III
Paragraph I The debtor shall have power to waive or renounce in writing his right to the benefit of the exemption provided for in this Article except as to wearing apparel and not exceeding three hundred dollars worth of household and kitchen furniture and provisions to be selected by himself and his wife if any and he shall not after it is set apart alienate or encumber the property so exempted but it may be sold by the debtor and his wife if any jointly with the sanction of the judge of the superior court of the county where the debtor resides or the land is situated the proceeds to be reinvested upon the same uses
Section IV
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall provide by law as early as practicable for the setting apart and valuation of said property But nothing in this Article shall be construed to affect or repeal the existing laws for exemption of property from sale contained in the present Code of this State in paragraphs 2040 to 2049 inclusive and the Acts amendatory thereto It may be optional with the applicant to take either but not both of such exemptions
Section V
Paragraph I The debtor shall have authority to waive or renounce in writing his right to the benefit of the exemption provided for in section four except as it is excepted in section three of this article
Sectidn VI
Paragraph I The applicant shall at any time have the right to supplement his exemption by adding to an amount already set apartj which is less than the whole amount of exemption herein allowed a sufficiency to make his exemption equal to the whole amount
Section VII
Paragraph I Homestead and exemptions of personal property which have been hertofore set apart by virtue of the provisions of the existing Constitution of this State and in accordance with the laws for the enforcement thereof or which may be hereafter so set apart at any time shall be and remain valid as against all debts and liabilities existing at the time of the adoption of this Constitution
to the same extent that they would have been had said existing Constitution not been revised
Section VIII
Paragraph I Rights have become vested under previously existing laws shall not be affected by anything herein contained In all cases in which homesteads have been set apart under the Constu tution of 1868 and the laws made in pursuance thereof and a bona fide sale of such property has been subsequently made and the full purchaseprice thereof has been paid all right of exemption in such property by reason of its having been so set apart shall cease in so for as it affects the right of the purchaser In all such cases where a part of the purchaseprice has been paid such transactions shall be governed by the laws now of force in this State in so far as they affect the rights of the purchaser as though said property had not been set apart
Section IX
Paragraph I Parties who have taken a homestead of realty under the Constitution of eighteen hundred and sixtyeight shall have the right to sell said homestead and reinvest the same by order of the judge of the superior courts of this State
ARTICLE X
Militia
Section I
Paragraph I A well regulated militia being essential to the peace and security of the State the General Assembly shall have authority to provide by law how the militia of this State shall be organized officered trained armed and equipped and of whom it shall consist
Par II The General Assembly shall have power to authorize the formation of volunteer companies and to provide for their organization into battalions regiments brigades divisions and corps with such restrictions as may be prescribed by law and shall have authority to arm and equip the same
Par III The officers and men of the militia and volunteer forces shall not be entitled to receive any pay rations or emoluments when not in active service by authority of the State
ARTICLE XI
Counties and County Officers
Section I
Paragraph I Each county shall be a body corporate with
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such powers and limitations as may be prescribed by law All suits by or against a county shall be in the name thereof and the metes and bounds of the several counties shall remain as now prescribed by law unless changed as hereinafter provided
Paragraph II There shall not be more than one hundred and fortyfive counties in this State Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this Constitution there shall be a new county laid out from the counties of Irwin and Wilcox bounded as follows Beginning at the point where the south line of land lot No 167 in the third district of Wilcox County crosses the Alapaha river and running due east along the south line to the northeast corner of 1and lot No 159 in the third district of Irwin county thence north to the northeast corner of land lot No 172 in the third district of Wilcox county thence east to the northeast corner of land lot No 174 in the third district of Irwin county thence south to the northeast corner of land lot No 157 in the third district of Irwin county and thence east to the northeast corner of land lot No 156 in the third district of Irwin county and thence south to the northeast corner of land lot No 66 in the third district of Irwin county thence east to the northeast corner of land lot No 62 in the third district of Irwin county and thence south to the northeast corner of land lot No 32 in the third district of Irwin county thence east to the southeast corner of land lot No 233 in the fourth district of Irwin county and thence north to the southwest corner of land lot No 206 in the fourth district of Irwin county and thence east to the southeast corner of land lot No 39 in the fourth district of Irwin county and thence north along the east line of land lot No 39 to the Ocmulgee river and thence in a westerly direction along the Ocmulgee river to the point where House creek in Wilcox county empties into the Ocmulgee river and thence in a westerly direction along the said House creek to the point where the said House creek crosses the north line of land lot No 255 in the third district of Wilcox county and thence west along the north line of said land lot No 255 and the district line between the first and third districts in the said county of Wilcox to the Alapaha river and thence in a southerly direction along the said Alapaha river to the starting point That Fitzgerald shall be the county site of said county Said county shall be attached to the Third Congressional District and to the Oconee judicial circuit until another circuit shall be established embracing the present county of Irwin in which case it shall belong to said new circuit and shall be attached to the fifteenth State senatorial district That all legal voters residing in the limits of said county of Ben Hill entitled to
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vote for members in the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Tuesday in January 1907 elect an ordinary a clerk of the superior court a sheriff a coroner a tax collector a tax receiver a county surveyor and a county treasurer and three commissioners of roads and revenues for said county said election to be held at Fitzgerald the county site of said county That the superior courts of said county shall be held on the first Mondays in April and October of eacb year The limits of the said county the Congressional and senatorial districts and the judicial circuit to which it is attached the time of holding the terms of the superior courts shall be designated above until changed by law
Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this Constitution there shall be a new county laid out and created from the territory now comprising Pulaski County to be made up and composed of all that part of the territory of Pulaski County lying north and east of a line extending northwest and southeast across said county said line beginning at the point on the boundary line of Pulaski and Dodge Counties where land lots Nos 123 and 148 in the 20th land district of Pulaski County meet and thence extending from said point in a northwesterly direction along the line dividing said lots 123 and 148 thence continuing in a northwesterly direction along the dividing lines of the following land lots Nos 122 and 149 121 and 150 in the 20th land district and Nos 300 and 301 299 and 302 298 and 303 297 and 304 296 and 305 295 and 306 294 and 307 293 and 308 292 and 309 291 and 310 290 and 311 289 and 312 288 and 313 287 and 314 286 and 315 in the 21st land district and Nos 354 and 361 and between lots 360 and 355 and between 359 and 356 between 358 and 357 in the 24th land district to the Ocmulgee river and to the line of Houston County
That the said new county shall be known as the County of Bleckley and the City of Cochran shall be the county site of the same
That the said County of Bleckley shall be attached to the same Congressional District and to the same Judicial Circuit and to the same State Senatorial District as those to which the County of Pulaski is attached at the date of the ratification of this amendment
That all legal voters residing in the limits of the county of Bleckley entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Wednesday in January following the ratification of this proposed amendment elect an Ordinary a Clerk of the Superior Court a Sheriff a Coroner a Tax Collector a Tax Receiver a County Surveyor and a County Treasurer and one Commissioner of Roads and Revenues for said new county and said
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election shall be held at Cochran
That the Superior Courts of said Bleckley County shall be held on the second Monday in January and the first Monday in July of each year
That the Congressional and Senatorial Districts the Judicial Circuit to which said county is attached the time of holding the terms of the Superior Court and the limits of the county shall be as designated above until changed by law
Provided that the laws applicable to the organization of new counties as found in Sections 829 to 848 inclusive of the Code of 1911 are hereby made applicable to said County of Bleckley whenever the same may be created by the proposed amendment to the Constitution and that said county when created shall become a statutory county and shall be at all times subject to all laws applicable to all other counties in this State
Provided However that in addition to the counties now provided for by this constitution there shall be a new county laid out from the county of Montgomery and bounded as follows Commencing at a point on the western bank of the Oconee river where the Laurens county line intersects with said river thence down the western bank of the said river to the mouth of the said river thence up the northern bank of the Ocmulgee river to the mouth of Little Ocmulgee river thence up the said Little Ocmulgee river to the line of Dodge county thence east along said line of Dodge county and Laurens county to the western bank of the Oconee river to the starting point That said new county the boundaries of which are described herein shall be called and known by the name of Wheeler and shall be attached to and become a part of the Twelfth Congressional district the Fifteenth State Senatorial district and the Oconee judicial circuit and the county site of the said new county shall be the town of Alamo That all legal voters residing in the limits as herein described of said proposed new county of Wheeler entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Tuesday in January 1913 elect an ordinary a clerk of superior court a sheriff a coroner a tax collector a tax receiver a county surveyor a county treasurer and three commissioners of roads and revenues for said county said election to be held at the town of Alamo the county site of said new county That the superior courts of said county shall be held on the first Mondays in March and on the first Mondays in September of each year The limits of the said county the Congressional and Senatorial districts and the judicial circuit to which it is attached and the time of holding the terms of the superior courts shall be as
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designated above until changed by law provided that the laws applicable to the organization of new counties as found in section 829 to 848 inclusive of the Code of 1911 are hereby made applicable to said county of Wheeler whenever the same be created by the proposed amendment to the Constitution and that said county when created shall become a statutory county and shall be at all times subject to all laws applicable to all other counties in this State
Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this constitution there shall be a new county laid out from the counties of Gwinnett Walton and Jackson said county bounded as follows Beginning at a point amid stream where the Mulberry river crosses the Hall County line joining Jackson County thence following the line between Hall and Jackson Counties to the corner of Hall Gwinnett and Jackson Counties thence in a direct line to the center of the Appalachia river at Freemans mill thence following the middle of the current of said Appalachia river down to the line of Walton and Oconee Counties thence following the line between Walton and Oconee Counties to the common corner of Walton Jackson and Oconee Counties thence following the line between Jackson and Oconee Counties to the Clarke County line dividing Oconee and Clarke Counties thence in a direct line to McCleskys Bridge at the central point over the Mulberry river and thence up the said Mulberry river to the beginning point on the Hall County line That Winder Georgia shall be the county site of said county Said county shall be attached to the Ninth Congressional District and to the Western Judicial Circuit and shall be attached to the Thirtythird Senatorial District That the name of said new county shall be Barrow and that all legal voters residing in the limits of said county of Barrow entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Tuesday in January 1915 elect an ordinary a clerk of the Superior Court a sheriff a coroner a tax collector a tax receiver a county surveyor and a county treasurer Said election to be held at Winder Georgia the county site of said county That the Superior Courts of said county shall be held on the fourth Mondays in March and September of each year The limits of said county the congressional and senatorial districts and the judicial circuit to which it is attached the time of holding the terms of the Superior Court shall be as above designated until changed by law
That in addition to the counties heretofore existing in this State created by the General Assembly and those created by amendments to the above and foregoing Paragraph Section and Article of the Constitution of this State there is hereby created an additional
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county which county shall be known as Candler County The territory for the formation of said county of Candler shall be taken from the counties of Emanuel Bulloch and Tattnall and the said territory so taken for the formation of said new county of Candler shall be included within the following described boundaries towit Starting at the south of Ten Mile Creek where it empties into Canoochee river running in a northerly direction up said river to Excelsior bridge thence in a northerly direction straight course to Lotts Creek to a point onequarter of a mile above new bridge thence along the line of Lotts Creek to DeLoachs Pond leaving DeLoachs Pound running in a northwesterly direction crossing the Bulloch and Emanuel County lines intersecting with the Swainsboro and Statesboro public road at D B Johnsons place thence in a southwesterly direction to Union School House thence in a southwesterly direction to Cowarts Mill Pond thence a direct line south to the Leo Collins crossing on Central of Georgia Railroad thence a southwesterly course to Griffins Ferry Bridge on the Ohoopee River crossing line of Emanuel and Tattnall Counties a southerly course to a point where the counties of Emanuel and Tattnall meet on the Ohoopee River thence a direct line east to Kennedys Bridge on the Canoochee River That when said county is created the county seat of the same shall be the town of Metter now in the county of Bulloch that if the above and foregoing amendment should be ratified by the people when the same is submitted to them for their ratification at the next general election after the adoption of this proposal to amend the Constitution there shall be on the first Wednesday in December after the proposed amendment to the Constitution is adopted an election for the county officers herein named in and for said new county to be held at the several election precincts existing within the limits of said new county at the time of the adoption of the proposed amendment during the usual hours of holding elections and all legally qualified voters residing in said territory shall be qualified to vote at said election and the ordinaries of the several counties in which said election precincts are located at the time of adoption of this amendment shall each appoint the election managers for the precincts in the counties in which he shall exercise jurisdiction of ordinary and the managers of the election shall on the day succeeding the election meet at the town of Metter the place designated as the county seat of the new county and consolidate the vote for the county officers at such place within the limits of the town of Metter as shall be designated by the Judge of the Superior Court of the middle circuit whose duty it is hereby made to designate the place of meeting of said election
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managers within the corporate limits of said town of Metter and the general laws now in force as to the consolidation of the votes the return of the election and the commission of officers shall be applicable to officers elected at such special election herein provided for that the officers to be elected at said special election herein provided shall be an ordinary a clerk of the Superior Court a sheriff a tax collector a tax receiver a coroner a county surveyor and a county treasurer that said officers shall be commissioned as now required by law and all laws now in force in this State to commission officers and for bonds required of them shall be applicable to the officers so elected that the officers elected at said general election shall hold their offices until the next general election for county officers and until their successors are elected and qualified The General Assembly is hereby given power to create any additional statutory officers in said county or statutory courts and to provide by law for filling said offices Any vacancies that may occur before the next general election in any of the offices created by said county may be filled as now provided by law The said county of Candler shall be attached to the First Congressional District the Middle Judicial Circuit and the Seventeenth Senatorial District but it shall be in the power of the General Assembly at anj time to change the judicial circuit to which said county of Candler is attached and the said General Assembly of Georgia is herebj given power to change said county of Candler in arranging congressional and senatorial districts as now provided by law That the Superior Courts in said county of Candler shall be held on the third Mondays in February and August months of each year but it shall be within the power of the General Assembly at any time by law to change the time of holding the courts and the number of terms thereof That the Justices of the Peace and Constables residing in the territory included within the new county of Candler shall exercise the duties and powers of their office until new militia districts are laid out in said county of Candler as now provided by law that all of the provisions of the law as contained in Chapter Thirteen 13 of the Code of 1910 are hereby made applicable to the said county of Candler whenever the same is created that all of the genera laws in this State in addition to the above having application to the statutory counties of this State are hereby made applicable to the said county of Candler especially the law in reference to holding elections for the purpose of creating a debt for said county that the said county of Candler so created by this amendment shall become in all respects a statutory county and shall be governed by all laws now in force in this State regulating county and county affairs
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Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by the Constitution of the State of Georgia there shall be a new county laid out from the counties of Appling Pierce and Ware that the name of said county shall be Bacon and the boundaries shall be as follows Commencing at the southwest corner of the county of Appling where it corners with Ware and Coffee Counties being at the southwest corner of land lot 471 of the 5th district of Appling County and running thence north along the dividing lines between the counties of Appling and Coffee to the southwest corner of land lot 464 of the 5th district of Appling County and running thence west along the original land line to the southwest corner of land lot 510 of the 5th district of Appling County where it corners with Coffee County and running thence north along the dividing line between the counties of Appling and Coffee to the northwest corner of land lot 115 of the 2nd district of Appling County where it corners with Jeff Davis County and running thence east along the dividing line between Appling and Jeff Davis Counties to the northwest corner of land lot 108 in the 2nd district of Appling County thence running north along the dividing line of Appling and Jeff Davis Counties to the northwest corner of land lot 169 of the 2nd district of Appling County and thence east along the original land line to what is known as the Little Satilla River and thence southeasterly along the middle thread of the Little Satilla River to a point where said river crosses the southern line of land lot 75 of the 4th district of Pierce County and running thence west along the original land line to the Northwest corner of land lot 76 in the 4th district of Pierce County thence running south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 63 in the 4th district of Pierce County and running thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 30 in the 4th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 31 of the 4th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 16 in the 4th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 15 in the 4th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land line of the southeast corner of land lot 38 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 36 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 57 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 58 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 81 in the
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5th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 80 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 105 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence south along the original land line to the southeast corner of land lot 106 in the 5th district of Pierce County thence west along the original land lines to the southeast corner of land lot 198 in the 5th district of Ware County thence south along the original land line to the coutheast corner of land lot 199 in the 5th district of Ware County thence west along the original land lines to the southwest corner of land lot 291 in the 5th district of Ware County thence north along the original land lines to the northwest corner of land lot 290 in the 5th district of Ware County thence west along the original land line to the southwest corner of land lot 310 in the 5th district of Ware County thence west along the original land lines to the southwest corner of land lot 471 to point and place of beginning
That Alma Georgia shall be the county site of said county that the said county shall be attached to the Eleventh Congressional District and the Waycross Judicial Circuit and to the Third Senatorial District That all the legal voters residing in the limits of said county of Bacon entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Tuesday in January 1915 at Alma Georgia the county site of said county elect an ordinary a clerk of the Superior Court a sheriff a coroner a tax collector a tax receiver a county surveyor a county school superintendent and a county treasurer The limits of said county the congressional and senatorial districts and the judicial circuit to whieh it is added shall be as above designated until changed by law The Superior Court of said county shall be held on the third Mondays in March and October That said county of Bacon is a statutory county the General Assembly of the State of Georgia is given the power by legislation to create local offices and local courts in the said county other than those provided for in this constitution and the General Assembly shall have the same power to legislate in reference to said county of Bacon that it has as xo other counties in the State All laws applicable to the counties in this State shall apply to the said county of Bacon Said county of Bacon is hereby authorized to create a bonded debt not to exceed one hundred thousand dollars 100000 for public improvements in said county of Bacon by the consent of the majority of the regular qualified voters of said county of Bacon voting at an election for that purpose Said election to create said debt shall be held under law now in force for creation of the debt
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Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this Constitution there shall be a new county laid out and created from portions of the counties of Bulloch and Tattnall and embraced within the following boundary lines Commencing at a point known as Johnsons Old Ferry on the Canoochee river and running thence in a southwesterly direction along the boundary line between Liberty and Tattnall Counties to a point known as the Ford on Canoochee Creek thence in a westerly direction a straight line to Jennie thence a westerly direction a straight line to Rogers Crossing at the intersection of the Bellville and Reidsville roads thence in a northerly direction in a straight line to a point on the Seabord Air Line Railway half way between the towns of Bellville and Manassas thence northerly in the same direction in a straight line until it intersects the line of the proposed county of Candler thence along said line to the Canoochee River thence in a southerly direction down the Canoochee River to Kennedys Bridge thence in an easterly direction along the public road leading from Kennedy s Bridge to Ada Belle on the Register and Glennville Railroad thence in an easterly direction along the old Dublin Road to the rightofway of the Dublin Railroad bed thence in a southeasterly direction down said rightcfway to Scotts Creek thence in the same direction down Scotts Creek to its mouth in Lotts Creek thence in a southerly direction down Lotts Creek to its mouth in Canoochee River and from thence down Canoochee River in a southeasterly direction to the starting point at Johnsons Ferry That the territory embraced in the foregoing boundary lines shall be known as and be named Evans County and the City of Claxton shall be the county site of the same That said proposed county shall be attached to the First Congressional District to the Atlantic Judicial Circuit and to the Second Senatorial District That all legal voters residing within the limits of said proposed county of Evans entitled under the laws of Georgia to vote for members of the General Assembly shall on the first Wednesday in January following the ratification by the people of this proposed amendment elect the following officers for the said county of Evans An ordinary a clerk of the Superior Court a sheriff a coroner a tax collector a tax receiver a county treasurer a county surveyor a county superintendent of public schools and three commissioners of roads and revenues said election to be held at Claxton the county site according to law That the Superior Courts of the said county of Evans shall be held on the fourth Mondays of January March June and October of each year and that the grand jury for said county of Evans shall serve at the January and June terms of said court each year provided however that tne Judge of the Superior Court
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may in his discretion cause the grand jury of said county to be summoned at any term of said Superior Court That the limits of said county of Evans the congressional and State senatorial districts the judicial circuit to which said county of Evans is hereby attached the terms of the Superior Court of the same shall be as designated herein until changed by law provided that the laws applicable to new counties and not inconsistent or in conflict with the provisions of this Act as found in Sections 829 to 848 inclusive of the Code of Georgia 1910 are hereby made applicable to said county of Evans whenever said county is created and that said county shall be subject to all laws applicable to all other counties of this State
Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this Constitution there shall be a new county laid out and created from territory embraced in Coffee and Clinch Counties within the following boundary lines Beginning at the point where the southern boundary line of lot of land No 334 in the fifth land district of Coffee County intersects the middle of the run of Willacoochee Creek then follow said line directly east to the southeast corner of lot of land No 15 in the sixth land district of Coffee County thence south along the eastern boundary of lot of land No 16 in the sixth land district of Coffee County to the southwest corner of said lot of land thence along the land line directly east to where it intersects the middle of the run of the Satilla River thence in a southeasterly direction along the run of the said Satilla River to where the same intersects the northern boundary of lot of land No 250 in the sixth 6 land district thence directly east along said line to where it intersects the Ware County line thence in a southerly direction along the Ware County line to the north side corner of lot of land No 234 in the seventh land district of Clinch County thence directly westward along the land line of said lot of land No 234 on the north to where it intersects the middle of the run of Alapaha River thence in a northerly direction along the middle of the run of the Alapaha River to the mouth of Willacoochee Creek thence along the middle of the run of Willacoochee Creek to point of beginning That said new county shall be known as Atkinson County and the City of Pearson shall be the county seat thereof That said Atkinson County shall be attached to the eleventh Congressional District the Waycross Judicial Circuit and the Fifth Senatorial District That all the legal voters residing within the limits of the County of Atkinson entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia on the first Wednesday in December fol
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lowing the ratification of this proposed amendment shall elect an ordinary a clerk of the Superior Court sheriff coroner tax collector tax receiver county surveyor and county treasurer for said new county said election to be held at the militia district courthouses at Willacoochee Pearson and Axson in the manner now provided by law for holding elections for county officers and said county officerselect shall qualify and enter upon the discharge of their respective duties on the first day of January following their election and shall hold their offices for a term of two years or until their successors shall be duly elected and qualified That the Superior Courts of said Atkinson County shall be held on the fourth Mondays in January and June of each year That the Congressional and Senatorial Districts the judicial circuit to which said County of Atkinson is attached the time of holding the terms of the Superior Courts and the limits of the county shall remain as designated above until the same shall be changed by law Provided that the laws applicable to the orginization of new counties found in sections 829 to 848 inclusive Code of 1911 are hereby made applicable to the County of Atkinson and that said county shall become a statutory county and shall be at all times subject to all laws applicable to other counties in this State
In addition to the counties heretofore existing in this State there is hereby created an additional county which county when created shall be known as Treutlen County The territory for the formation of the said county of Treutlen shall be taken from the counties of Montgomery and Emanuel and the said territory so taken for the formation of said county of Treutlen shall be included within the following described boundaries towit Starting at a point on the east side of the Oconee River where Red Bluff Creek empties into the Oconee River running up said Red Bluff Creek to a point where the river road crosses Red Bluff Creek thence on a straight line in a northeasterly direction to Wixtrums Bridge on Pendleton Creek said Pendleton Creek being the present line between Montgomery and Emanuel Counties thence in a northerly direction from Wixtrums Bridge on Pendleton Creek to Moores Bridge on the Ohoopee River the public road from Wixtrums Bridge leading to Swainsboro being the line to said Moores Bridge on the Ohoopee River thence up the run of the Ohoopee River from Moores Bridge to McLemores Bridge where the Savannah and Dublin public roads crosses the Ohoopee River thence in a westerly direction along said Savannah and Dublin public road to where said public road crosses the county line between Laurens and Emanuel Counties thence in a southwesterly direction along the
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county line between the present counties of Emanuel and Laurens to Pendleton Creek thence along the county line between Laurens and Montgomery Counties to Mercers Creek thence down Mercers Creek in a southwesterly direction to where Mercers Creek empties into the Oconee river thence down the Oconee river to the mouth of Red Bluff Creek at the starting point That if the said county is created the county seat shall be at the town of Soperton now in the county of Montgomery That if this amendment shall be ratified by the people when the same is submitted to them for their ratification then on the first Wednesday in December 1918 an election shall be held for the election of county officers herein named to serve in and for said new county that said election shall be at the said election precincts existing within the limits of said proposed new county at the time this amendment shall take effect and be held during the hours now fixed by law for holding elections and all legally qualified voters residing in the territory included in the limits of said proposed new county shall be qualified to vote at said election for said officers and the ordinaries of the several counties in which the election precincts are located within the limits of the said proposed new county at the time this amendment is to take effect shall each appoint the election managers for the precincts in the county in which he exercises jurisdiction as ordinary and said managers shall take and subscribe the oath now prescribed by law and the election managers shall on the day succeeding the election meet at the town of Soperton the place herein designated as the county seat of said proposed new county and consolidate the vote cast at said election at such place within the limits of said town of Soperton as shall be designated by the judge of the Superior Courts of the Oconee Circuit whose duty it is hereby made to designate a meeting place for said election managers within the corporate limits of said town of Soperton and the general law of this State now in force as to the consolidation of votes the return of the election and the commission of the officers shall be applicable to such special election herein provided for The officers to be elected at said election shall be an ordinary clerk of the Superior Court sheriff tax collector tax receiver coroner county surveyor county treasurer county superintendent of education and member of the General Assembly that the persons who shall be elected to fill said offices at said election shall be commissioned as now required by law and the laws now in force in this State in regard to commissions for officers and the bonds required of them shall be applicable to the officers so elected and they shall hold their offices until the next general election for county officers and until their successors are elected and qualified The General Assembly is hereby given power
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to create any statutory offices or statutory courts and provide for filling the same Vacancies that may occur before the next general election in any of said offices shall be filled as now provided by law That said new county when created shall become a part of the Twelfth Congressional District and Sixteenth Senatorial District and shall be included in the Oconee Judicial Circuit and a Superior Court for said county is hereby created which court shall have the same jurisdiction as now provided by law for the Superior Courts of this State that the said court until otherwise changed by law shall be held on the third Mondays of February and August of each year but the General Assembly is hereby expressly given the power to change the terms of said court and to increase the number thereof that the justices of the peace and constables residing within the territory included within the new County of Treutlen shall exercise the duties and powers of their offices until new militia districts are laid out for said county of Treutlen as now provided by law That the provisions of Chapter 13 of the Code of 1910 are hereby made applicable to said proposed county of Treutlen and that all the general laws of this State in reference to holding elections for the purpose of creating debt and that the said proposed county of Treutlen shall when created become in all respects a statutory county and shall be governed by all laws now in force in this State relating to counties and county affairs and shall be subject to the legislative control of this State and the Legislature of this State is hereby given power to enact laws in reference to said county in the same manner and the same extent that they have the power to legislate as to the other counties now existing in this State that the property of all taxpayers included within the limits as herein defined of the said proposed county of Treutlen is hereby made chargeable with any debt that may have been incurred by any of the counties from which the territory included in the new county is taken by the legally constituted authorities of the county for the purpose of raising revenues for the benefit of either of said counties whether the said debt is a bonded debt or one which has been incurred for the benefit in any way of either of the counties The value of the taxable property included in the said county of Treutlen at the time of the adoption of this amendment to the Constitution in proportion to the value of the property left in the counties from which the said county of Treutlen is taken shall determine the proportionate amount of the debt which shall be put upon the property of the taxpayers located in said proposed new county Authority is hereby given to the ordinary of the said county of Treutlen and to the officers of th counties from which said territory is taken who are charged with the managfement of the business of the said
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counties to settle and agree upon an amount of the said indebtedness that shall be assumed and paid by the said county of Treutlen and it is hereby made the duty of the ordinary of said county of Treutlen when the amount of said debt is so ascertained to cause a tax to be levied upon all the property within the limits of the said county of Treutlen of such per cent as will be sufficient to discharge said debt and in the event of the failure or refusal of the ordinary of Treutlen County to levy such tax it shall be the duty of the judge of the Superior Court of the circuit of which the said county of Treutlen forms a prt to compel the ordinary of the county of Treutlen to perform the duty herein required of him In the event of the failure of the authorities of the said county of Treutlen to ascertain the proportionate part of said debt the said County of Treutlen is hereby required to pay or in the event the authorities of the counties fail to agree upon the amount of said debt then either of said counties may bring a suit against the said county of Treutlen in the Superior Court of said county for the purpose of having the proportion of said debt so assumed by the said county of Treutlen to be ascertained and the said court is hereby given power to enforce whatever judgment may be had as the result of said trial by compelling the ordinary of said county to levy a tax for the payment of said debt
That section 846 of the Code of 1910 in reference to the registration of voters is hereby expressly made applicable to said county and in addition to the provision contained in said section it is hereby made the duty of the ordinaries of the several counties in th territory included in said county to furnish to the election managers the names of all persons legally registered and who reside in the territory included in the said county of Treutlen and who are qualified to vote according to the laws of this State
In addition to the counties heretofore existing in this State there is hereby created an additional county which county when created shall be known as Cook County The territory for the formation of said county of Cook shall be taken from the county of Berrien and the territory so taken for the formation of said new county of Cook shall be included within the following described boundaries towit
Starting at a point where the Willacoochee River crosses the county line between the counties of Berrien and Lowndes thence running a northerly direction along the run of said Willacoochee River to where said river intersects with New River thence taking a northwesterly direction up and along the run of said New River to where said New River crosses the county line between the counties
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of Berrien and Tift thence westward along what is now the county line between said counties of Berrien and Tift to the northeast original corner of lot of land No five hundred seventeen 517 in the 6th land district of originally Irwin county thence south along the east original line of said lot to the New Flat Bridge public road thence west along said road fifty 50 feet then south along a line 50 feet from and parallel with the east line of lot 517 as aforesaid to the south original line of No 517 thence in a westward direction along what is now the ounty line between said counties of Berrien and Tift to where said county line crosses the run of the Little River thence a southerly direction and southeasterly direction down and along the fo said Little river to where the same reaches the county line between the counties of Lowndes and of Berrien thence eastward along said county line between the said counties of Lowndes and Berrien to where same crosses the run of said Willacoochee River that being the starting point
That when said county is created the county seat for the same shall be the town of Adel now in said county of Berrien There shall be on the first Wednesday in December an election for the county officers herein named in and for said new county to be held at the several election precincts existing within the limits of said new county during the usual hours of holding elections and all legally qualified voters residing in said territory shall be qualified to vote at said election and the ordinary of Berrien County the county in which said election precincts are located shall appoint the election managers for such precincts and the managers of the election shall on the day succeeding the election meet at the city hall in the town of Adel and consolidate the vote for the county officers and the general laws now in force as to the consolidation of the votes the return of the election and the commission of officers shall be applicable to officers elected at such special elections herein provided for that the officers to be elected at said special election herein provided for shall be an ordinary clerk of the Superior Court sheriff tax collector tax receiver coroner county surveyor and county treasurer that said officers shall be commissioned as now required by law and all laws now in force in this State to commission officers and for bonds required of them shall be applicable to the officers so elected that the officers elected at said election shall hold their offices until the next general election for county officers throughout the State and until their successors are elected and
qualified The General Assembly is hereby given power to create
any additional statutory offices in said county or statutory courts
and to provide by law for filling said offices Any vacancies that
may occur before the next general election in any of the offices
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created thus for said county may be filled as now provided by law The said county of Cook shall be attached to the Eleventh Congressional District the Southern Judicial Circuit and the Sixth Senatorial District but it shall be in the power of the General Assembly at any time to change the Judicial Circuit to which said county of Cook is attached and the said General Assembly of Georgia is hereby given power to change said county of Cook in arranging Congressional and Senatorial districts as is now provided by law That the Superior Courts in said county of Cook shall be held on the first Mondays in March and September of each year but it shall be within the power of the General Assembly at any time by law to change the time of holding court and the number of terms thereof That the Justices of the Peace and Constables residing in the territory included within the new county of Cook shall exercise the duties and powers of their office until new militia districts are laid out in said county of Cook as now provided by law That all the provisions of the law as contained in Chapter Thirteen 13 of the Code of 1910 are hereby made applicable to the said county of Cook whenever the same is created That all of the general laws in this State in addition to the above having application to the statutory counties of this State are hereby made applicable to the said county of Cook especially the law in reference to holding elections for the purpose of creating a debt for said county
When this amendment is adopted the said county Of Cook so created by the adoption of this amendment shall become in all respects a statutory county and shall be governed by all laws now in force in this State regulating county and county affairs The county authorities of said county shall have the right to create a debt for and on behalf of said county to defray the expenses of said county for the first year without submitting the same to a vote of the qualified voters of said county The Legislature is hereby authorized to correct any mistake or mistakes or inaccuracies that may occur or may have occured in reference to the line or lines of said proposed new county
Provided however that in addition to the counties heretofore existing in this State created by the General Assembly and those created by amendment to the Constitution df this State there shall be an additional county which county when created shall be known as Lanier county The territory for the formation of said county of Lanier shall be taken from the counties of Clinch Berrien and Lowndes and the territory so taken for the formation of said new county of Lanier shall be included within the following described boundaries towit Beginning at the northwest corner of land lot
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312 in the 10th land district of Berrien county thence running south along the west line of lots 312 333 358 379 404 425 and 450 to the southwest corner of said lot 450 thence westward along the north lines of lots 470 and 469 to the northwest corner of lot 469 thence south along the west lines of lots 469 498 and 515 to the southwest corner of lot 515 thence east along the south lines of lots 515 and 516 to the northwest corner of lot 231 all of said lots being in the 10th district of Berrien County thence south along the west lines of lots 231 232 233 234 235 and 236 to the southwest corner of said lot 236 all of said lots being in the 11th district of Lowndes County thence east along the south lines of lots 236 271 282 317 328 363 374 409 420 to the run of Alapaha River in Lowndes County all of said lots in the 11th district of Lowndes County and thence down the run of said Alapaha River in a southerly and southeasterly direction to where said run of said river crosses the present line between the Counties of Clinch and Echols said line being the run of Cow Creek at said point thence easterly and northeasterly along the run of said Cow Creek to a point where said creek leaves the present line between Clinch and Echols Counties thence easterly and southeasterly along the present line between the Counties of Clinch and Echols to the southeast portion of lot of land 519 that lies in the present County of Clinch and in the 11th district of said county thence north along the east lines of lots of land 519 518 517 516 515 514 513 512 511 510 509 508 507 in the 11th District and 529 484 483 438 437 392 391 346 345 300 299 254 253 to the northeast corner of said lot 253 in the 10th District all in the County of Clinch thence westward along the north lines of lots 253 252 251 250 and 249 to the run of Alapaha River in a southerly direction to where the run of said river crosses the north line of lot 304 in the 10th District of Berrien County thence westward along the north lines of lots 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 and 312 in the 10th District of Berrien County to the northwest corner of said lot 312 the starting point
That when said county is created the county seat for the same shall be the town of Milltown now in said county of Berrien That if the above and foregoing amendment should be ratified by the people when the same is submitted to them for their ratification at the next general election after the adoption of the proposal to amend the Constitution there shall be on the first Wednesday in December after the proposed amendment to the Constitution is adopted an election for the county officers herein named in and for said new county to be held at the several election precincts existing within the limits of said new county at the time of the adoption of the proposed
206
amendment during the usual hours of holding elections and all legally qualified voters residing in said territory shall be qualified to vote at said election and the ordinary of the county in which said election precincts are located at the time of the adoption of this amendment shall appoint the election managers for such precincts and the managers of the election shall on the day succeeding the election meet at the city hall in the town of Milltown and consolidate the vote for the county officers and the general laws now in force as to the consolidation of the votes the return of the election at such special election herein provided for that the officers to be elected at such special election provided for shall be an ordinary clerk of the Superior Court sheriff tax collector tax receiver coroner county surveyor and county treasurer that said officers shall be commissioned as now required by law and all laws now in force in this State to commission officers and for bonds required of them shall be applicable to officers so elected that the officers elected at said1 election shall hold their offices until the next general election for county officers throughout the State and until their successors are elected and qualified The General Assembly is hereby given power to create any additional statutory offices in said county or statutory courts and to provide by law for filling said offices Any vacancies that may occur before the next general election in any of the offices created thus for said county may be filled as now provided by law The said county of Lanier shall be attached to the Eleventh Congressional district the Alpaha Judicial Circuit and the Sixth Senatorial District but it shall be in the power of the General Assembly at any time to change the judicial circuit to which said county of Lanier is attached and the said General Assembly of Georgia is hereby given power to change said county of Lanier in arranging the Congressional and Senatorial districts as is now provided by law that the Superior Court in said county of Lanier shall be held on the second Mondays in January and July of each year but it shall be within the power of the General Assembly at any time by law to change the time of holding court and the number of terms thereof that the justices of the peace and constables residing in the territory included within the new county of Lanier shall exercise the duties and powers of their offices until new militia districts are laid out in said county of Lanier as now provided by law that all the provisions of law as contained in Chapter thirteen 13 of the Code of 1910 are hereby made applicable to the said county of Lanier whenever the same is created that all of the general laws of this State in addition to the above having application to the statutory counties of this State are hereby made applicable to the said county of Lanier especially the law in reference to holding elections for the purpose
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of creating a debt for said county that when this amendnient is adopted the said county of Lanier so created by the adoption of this amendment shall become in all respects a statutory county and shall be governer by all laws now in force in this State regulating county and county affairs The county authorities of said county shall have the right to create a debt for and on behalf of said county to defray the expenses of said county for the first year without submitting the same to a vote of the qualified voters of said county The Legislature is hereby authorized to correct any mistake or mistakes or inaccuracies that may occur or may have occurred in reference to the line or lines of said proposed county
In addition to the counties now provided for by the Constitution of Georgia as amended there shall be organized by this further amendment to Paragraph 2 Section 1 Article 11 another new county to be known as Brantley the same to be laid out from the Counties of Pierce Charlton and Wayne and shall include all of the territory embraced within boundaries as follows towit Beginning at the coutheast corner of Pierce County at the southeast corner of lot of land number three hundred 300 in the 9th District of Pierce County and thence northwards along the line between Pierce and Charlton Counties to the southwest corner of land lot number thirteen 13 in the 2nd District of Charlton County thence eastwards along the south line of land lots numbers thirteen 13 fiftytwo 52 seventyseven 77 one hundred and sixteen 116 one hundred and fortyone 141 one hundred and eighty 180 two hundred and five 205 and fractional lot two hundred and fortyfour 244 and thence continuing in a straight line to Buffalo Creek and thence eastwards along the line between Counties of Charlton and Wayne to the Big Sattilla River and the western line of Camden County thence northwards along the line between Wayne and Camden Counties to the Glynn County line thence further northwards along the line between the Counties of Wayne and Glynn to a point oi said county line one mile north of the main line of the Atlanta Birmingham and Atlantiv Railway thence westwards along a line one mile north of and parallel with the aforesaid main line of the Atlanta Birmingham and Atlantic Railway to the Little Satilla River and the line between the Counties of Wayne and Pierce thence southeast along the channel of the Little Sattilla River to the southwest corner of land lot number one 1 in the 3rd District of Wayne County thence southwards along the west lines of land lots numbers thirtytwo 32 and thirtyone 31 in the 2nd District of Pierce County to the channel of the Big Satilla River thence westwards up the channel of the Big Sattilla River through Pierce
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County to the county line between Pierce and Ware Counties and thence south and southeast along the county line between Pierce and Ware Counties to the Charlton County line and thence eastwards along the county line between Pierce and Charlton to the southeast corner of Pierce County the point of beginning aforesaid
The county site of said new county Brantley shall be Hoboken Georgia
Said county shall be attached to the Eleventh Congressional District to the Waycross Judicial Circuit and to the Third Senatorial District until changed by the General Assembly of Georgia
Terms of Superior Court shall be two in number held on the first Monday in June and on the fourth Monday in November in each year until the number of said terms and time of holding the same shall be changed by the General Assembly
Justices of the Peace and Constables cut off into the new county shall continue to exercise the duties and powers of their respective offices until new militia districts are laid off in said new county and until ther successors are elected and qualified
The voters of said new county qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the second Wednesday in December 1920 elect an Ordinary Clerk of Superior Court Sheriff Coroner Tax Collector Tax Receiver County Treasurer County Surveyor County School Superintendent and Representative in the General Assembly who shall hold office until the next general election for county officers shall be held in the State of Georgia and until their successors are elected and qualified and said officers shall qualify give bond and take oath as prescribed by law Said election shall be held at the schoolhouse at Hoboken the county seat of said county by managers appointed by the Ordinary of Pierce County for said purpose or by three freeholders in event the managers so appointed fail or refuse to hold said election and said election shall be held under the laws now of force relating to the manner of holding elections for county officers The officers elected at said election shall enter upon the discharge of their respective duties on the 1st day of January 1921
The ordinaries of the counties from which said new county is laid out shall furnish the managers of said election with a list of the legal voters registered in their respective counties who reside within the territory included in said new county
The provisions of Section 829 to 848 inclusive of the Code are hereby made applicable to said new county and said new county when created shall be a statutory county and subject to all
209
general laws of this State applicable to the counties thereof
The county authorities of said new county shall have the right to create a debt for and on behalf of said county to defray the public expenses thereof for the first year without submitting the same to a vote of the qualified voters thereof
Said new county when created shall be entitled to one representative in the Lower House of the General Assembly of Georgia and the membership cf said House shall be increased by one so as to admit of representation therein for said new county
The General Assembly is authorized to correct any mistake or mistakes or inaccuracies in reference to the boundaries of said new county
Provided however that in addition to the counties now provided for by this Constitution there shall be a new county laid out and created from the territory now comprising the counties of Pike and Monroe to be made up and composed of all of that part of the territory of the Counties of Pike and Monroe described and contained within the boundaries as follows
Beginning at the northwest corner of land lot 185 adjoining Spalding and Pike County line in the 2nd District of Pike County and running along land lot lines southward to northwest corner of land lot 75 in the 8th District Pike County Georgia thence west along land lot line between land lots 86 and 87 to the northwest corner of land lot 86 thence south along line between land lots 86 and 107 to northwest corner of land lot 85 thence west along lines between land lots 107 and 108 to northwest corner land lot 108 thence south along land lot line to Upson County lines at southwest corner land lot 112 in 8th District Pike County Georgia thence east along land lot lines between Pike and Upson to Pike and Monroe County lines at southeast corner land lot 113 in Pike County Georgia thence south along line between Upson and Monroe County to southwest corner of land lot 130 in 11th land District of Monroe County thence east along land lot line to southeast corner of land lot 28 in 11th District Monroe County and thence north along land lot line to northeast corner land lot 29 thence east along land lot lines to south corner of land lot 8 Monroe County Georgia 11th District and thence north along lines between land districts 11 and 12 7 and 6 and 3 and 4 to Butts County line at northeast corner of land lot 247 in 3rd District of Monroe County Georgia thence west to northwest corner of land lot 138 Monroe County Georgia said land lot being in 3rd District Monroe County thence southward along present county lines between counties of Monroe and Spalding to present Pike County line thence west along county line between counties
210
of Spalding and Pike to beginning point on northwest corner of lot of land 185 in the 2nd District of Pike County Georgia the present county lines between Monroe and Butts Monroe and Spalding Pike and Spalding being the northern boundary line of the proposed County of Lamar
That the said new county shall be known as the County of Lamar and the City of Barnesville shall be the new county site of the same
That irrespective of other provisions of this Constitution said County of Lamar shall upon its creation be entitled to one representative in the House of Representatives of this State and said County of Lamar shall be entitled to one representative in the House of Representatives of Georgia until the apportionment shall be changed by law in accordance with the provisions of this Constitution
That the said County of Lamar shall be attached to the same Congressional District and to the same Judicial Circuit and to the same State Senatorial District as those to which the County of Pike is attached at the date of the ratification of this amendment
That all legal voters residing in the County of Lamar entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Wednesday in January following the ratification of this proposed amendment elect a Representative in the House of Representatives ofthis State and an Ordinary a Clerk of the Superior Court a Sheriff a Coroner a Tax Collector a Tax Receiver a County Treasurer and a County Surveyor Said special election shall be held at the several election precincts existing within the limits of said Lamar County at the time of the adoption of this amendment and the Ordinary of Pike County shall appoint election managers for such election precincts as may be located in Pike County at the time of the adoption of this proposed amendment and the Ordinary of Monroe County shall appoint election managers for such precincts as may be located in Monroe County at the time of the adoption of this proposed amendment On the day succeeding the holding of said election the election managers shall meet at the Council Chamber of the Mayor and City Council of the City of Barnesville and consolidate the vote for the officers named and the general laws of this State now in force as to elections consolidation of votes the return of the election and the commission of officers shall be applicable to the officers elected at the election herein provided for The officers elected at said elction and th Representative in the House of Representatives shall hold their offices until th next general election for such officers throughout the State and until their successors
211
are elected and qualified The General Assembly is hereby given the power to create any additional statutory offices in said county or statutory courts therein and to provide for filling said offices Any vacancies that may occur before the next general election after the elections are herein provided may be filled in the same manner as such vacancies are now filled under the law The Justices of the Peace and the Constables residing in the territory included within the limits of said County of Lamar shall exercise the duties and powers of their offices until new militia districts are laid out in said County of Lamar as now provided by law and the Justices of the Peace and the Constables elected therefor
That the Superior Courts of said Lamar County shall be held on the first Monday in March and the first Monday in September of each year
That the Congressional and Senatorial Districts the Judicial Circuit to which the said Lamar County is attached the times of holding the terms of the Superior Court and the limits of the county shall be as designated above until changed by law
Provided That the laws applicable to the organization of new counties as found in Sections 829 to 848 inclusive of the Code of 1910 of Georgia and any other Acts or sections having applicability are hereby made applicable to said County of Lamar whenever the same may be created by the proposed amendment to the Constitution and that said new county when created shall become a statutory county and shall be subject to all laws applicable to all other counties of the State
That the property of all taxpayers included within the limits of the said Lamar County as hereinbefore designated is hereby made ratably chargeable with any debt that may have been incurred by either of the counties from which the territory included in the new county of Lamar is taken by the legally constituted authorities of the counties for the purpose of raising revenues for the benefit of either of said counties whether the said debt is a bonded debt or one which has been incurred for the benefit in any way for either of said counties The value of the taxable property included within the limits of the said County of Lamar at the time of the adoption of this amendment to the Constitution in proportion to the value of the property in the counties from which the said County of Lamar is taken shall determine the proportionate amount of the indebtedness which shall be borne by the property of the taxpayers located within the limits of said proposed new county
Authority is hereby given to the Ordinary of the said County of Lamar and to the officers of the counties from which said terri
212
tory is taken who are charged with the management of the business of said counties to settle and agree upon an amount of the said indebtedness that shall be assessed against and paid by the said County of Lamar and it is hereby made the duty of the Ordinary of the said County of Lamar when the amount of indebtedness with which the said County of Lamar is chargeable is so ascertained to cause a tax to be levied upon all of the property within the limits of said County of Lamar sufficient to pay off and discharge the proportionate part of the indebtedness due by the said Lamar County
In the event of the failure or refusal of the Ordinary of Lamar
County to levy such tax it shall be the duty of the Judge of the
Superior Court of the Circuit to which said County of Lamar is
attached to compel the Ordinary of the said County of Lamar to
perform the duty herein required of him In the event of the failure of the authorities of the counties from which the said Lamar County is created and the Ordinary of said Lamar County to ascertain and agree upon the amount of said indebtedness then either of said counties may bring a suit against the said County of Lamar in the Superior Court of said County of Lamar for the purpose of having the proportion of said debt so assumed by the said County of Lamar ascertained and the said Superior Court is hereby given power to enforce whatever judgment may be had as to the result of such trial by compelling the Ordinary of said Lamar County to levy a tax sufficient for the payment of the indebtedness found to be due by the County of Lamar cause the same to be collected and paid to the constituted authorities of the county or counties from which said Lamar County is created entitled to receive the same
It is especially provided that all ad valorem and all other special taxes and all other revenues realized for the year in which this amendment is adopted or ratified by the qualified voters of this State shall be applied to any indebtedness except bonded indebtedness due and owing by either of the said counties from which the said Lamar County is created it being the purpose of this provision to fix the basis of settlement between the counties involved upon their financial condition on the 31st day of December next following the ratification of this amendment
In addition to the counties now provided for by the Constitution as heretofore amended there shall be a new county known as Long laid out from the County of Liberty bounded as follows towit
Beginning at a point on the Altamaha River where the same is intersected by the county line between Liberty and McIntosh Counties thence northeast and north along the aforesaid county line between McIntosh and Liberty to intersection thereof with South
213
Newport River and to the northwest corner of McIntosh County at the point where said Liberty and McIntosh line is nearest the Atlantic Coast Line Railroads main line thence a straight line northwestward to the main line of the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad at a point onehalf mile southwest of said railroads depot at Lambert Georgia Post Office and Walthourville Station thence due north a straight line to the Walthourville and Smiley public road north of Lambert Georgia thence northwestward a straight line to a point in the Ludowici and Hinesville public road three hundred 300 yards north of the residence of W H Devereaux in the 1756th G M District of Liberty County thence northwestward a straight line to a point on the Roderick and Hinesville public road where same is intersected by the Walthourville public road from the southeast thence west along the center of said Roderick and Hinesville public road a short distance to where the Walthourville public road leaves same towards the northwest thence northwestwards along the center of said Walthourville public road past Gum Branch Post Office old site to intersection thereof with the Savannah public road or Beards Bluff public road about one and oneeighth 1 18 miles
east of the Cross Roads School House thence west along the center of said Savannah public road or Beards Bluff public road to where said Walthourville public road leaves same going northwest thence along the center of said Walthourville public road to intersection of same with the Moody Bridge public road to the point where same crosses the Savannah and Southern Railroad right of way at Strain on said railroad and to the north line of said right of way thence westward along the north line of the Savannah and Southern Railroad right of way to the first public road crossing at Lida depot on said railroad thence westward along center of public road from Lida past Bear Branch School House to forks of said public road and thence along the center of the northwest fork thereof in a northwesterly direction to where said public road crosses the Liberty and Tattnall County line nearby and east of Hampton School House thence southwards and south along the county line between Liberty and Tattnall to the Altamaha River and to the line between Liberty and Wayne Counties thence southeast along the channel of said Altamaha River and along the county line between Liberty and Wayne to point of beginning
The county site of said county shall be the town of Ludowici Georgia
Said county shall be attached to the 1st Congressional District to the Atlantic Judicial Circuit and to the 2nd Senatorial District until changed by the General Assembly of Georgia
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Terms of Superior Court in said county shall be held on first Mondays in March and September in each year until changed by the General Assembly
Justices of the Peace and Constables cut off into the new county shall exercise the duties and powers of their offices until new militia districts are laid out in said new county as provided by law and until their successors are elected and qualified
The voters of said new county qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Wednesday in December 1920 elect an Ordinary Clerk of Superior Court Sheriff Coroner Tax Collector Tax Receiver County Surveyor County Treasurer Representative and County School Superintendent who shall hold office until the next general election for county officers shall be held in the State of Georgia and until their successors are elected and qualified said election shall be held at the usual voting places heretofore established within the territory of said new county and shall be conducted in the manner now prescribed by law for holding elections for county officers and the officers elected therein shall qualify give bond and take oath as prescribed by law and enter upon the discharge of their respective duties on the first day of January 1921
The provisions of Sections 829 to 848 inclusive of the Code are hereby made applicable to said new county and said county when created shall be a statutory county and subject to all general laws applicable to counties of this State
The county authorities of said new county shall have the right to create a debt for and on behalf of said county to defray the public expenses thereof for the first year without submitting the same to a vote of the qualified voters thereof
Said new county when created shall be entitled to one Representative in the Lower House of the General Assembly of Georgia and the membership of the said House shall be increased by one so as to admit of representation therein for said new county
In addition to the counties now provided Tor the by the Constitution as heretofore amended there shall be a new county to be known as Seminole laid out from the Counties of Decatur and Early bounded as follows towit Beginning at the southwest corner of the State of Georgia running thence eastward along the line between Georgia and Florida to the mouth of the Flint River thence up the channel of Flint River to the mouth of Spring Creek thence northward up the western bank of Spring Creek to land lot number one hundred and thirtyone No 131 in the 21st District of De
215
catur County at a point opposite a public road known as Rhodes Ferry road and thence west to a point onehalf mile distant from the west bank of Spring Creek and thence northward along a line parallel with and onehalf mile distant from the west bank of Spring Creek to the south line of Miller County thence west along the south line of Miller County to the southwest corner of Miller County thence west along the south line of Early County to the line between Georgia and Alabama thence southward along the State line between Georgia and Alabama to the southwest corner of the State of Georgia and the line between Alabama and Florida continuing southward along the State line between Georgia and Florida to the southwest corner of the State of Georgia the point of beginning
The county site of said county shall be the town of Donalsonville Georgia
Said county shall be attached to the 2nd Congressional District to the Pataula Judicial Circuit and the 8th Senatorial District until changed by the General Assembly of Georgia
Terms of Superior Court in said county shall be held on the third Mondays in February Juneand October in each year until changed by the General Assembly
Justices of the Peace and Constables cut off into the new county shall exercise the duties and powers of their offices until new militia districts are laid out in said new county as provided by law and until their successors are elected and qualified
The voters of said new county qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly under the laws of Georgia shall on the first Wednesday in December 1920 elect an Ordinary Clerk of the Superior Court Sheriff Coroner Tax Collector Tax Receiver County Surveyor County Treasurer Representative and County School Superintendent who shall hold office until the next general election for county officers shall be held in the State of Georgia and until their successors are elected and qualified Said election shall be held at the usual voting places heretofore established within the territory of said new county and shall be conducted in the manner now prescribed by law for holding elections for county officers and the officers elected therein shall qualify give bpnd and take oath as prescribed by law and enter upon the discharge of their respective duties on the 1st day of January 1921
The provisions of Sections 829 to 848 inclusive of the Code are hereby made applicable to said new county and said new county when created shall be a statutory county and subject to all general laws applicable to counties of this State
216
The county authorities of said new county shall have the right to create a debt for and on behalf of said county to defray the public expenses thereof for the first year without submitting the same to a vote of the qualified voters thereof
Said new county when created shall be entitled to one Representative in the Lower House of the General Assembly of Georgia and the membership of the said House shall be increased by one so as to admit of representation therein for said new county
Par III County lines shall not be changed unless under the operation of a general law for that purpose
Par IV No county site shall be Changed or removed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the county voting at an election held for that purpose and a twothirds vote of the General Assembly
Par V Any county may be dissolved and merged with contiguous counties by a twothirds vote of the qualified electors of such county voting at an election held for that purpose
Section II
Paragraph I The county officers shall be elected by the qualified voters of their respective counties or districts and shall hold their office for four years They shall be removed on conviction for malpractice in office and no person shall be eligible to any of the offices referred to in this paragraph unless he shall have been a resident of the county for two years and is a qualified voter Provided that the provisions of this amendment shall not become effective until January 1st 1917
Section III
Paragraph I Whatever tribunal or officers may hereafter be created by the General Assembly for the transaction of county matters shall be uniform throughout the State and of the same name jurisdiction and remedies except that the General Assembly may provide for the appointment of commissioners of roads and revenue in any county and may abolish the office of county treasurer in any county or fix the compensation of county treasurers and such compensation may be fixed without regard to uniformity of such compensation in the various counties
Section IV
Paragraph I The City of Atlanta shall be the capital of the State until changed by the same authority and the same way that is provided for the alteration of this Constitution
217
ARTICLE XII
The Laws of General Operation in Forqe in This State Section I
Paragraph I The laws of general operation in this State are First as the supreme law The Constitution of the United States the laws of the United States in pursuance thereof and all treaties made under the authority of the United States
Par II Second as next in authority thereto this Constitution
Par III Third in subordination to the foregoing All laws now in force in this State not inconsistent with this Constitution and the ordinances of this Convention shall remain of force until the same are modified or repealed by the General Assembly The tax acts and appropriation acts passed by the General Assembly of 1877 and approved by the Governor of the State and not inconsistent with the Constitution are hereby continued in force until altered by law
Par IV Local and private acts passed for the benefit of counties cities towns corporations and private persons not inconsistent with the supreme law nor with this Constitution and which have not expired nor been repealed shall have the force of statute law subject to judicial decision as to their validity when passed and to any limitations imposed by their own terms
Par V All rights privileges and immunities which may have vested in or accrued to any person or persons or corporations in his her or their own right or in any fiduciary capacity under and in virtue of any act of the General Assembly or any judgment de cree or order or other proceeding of any court of competent jurisdiction in this State heretofore rendered shall be held inviolate by all courts before which they may be brought in question unless attacked for fraud
Par VI All judgments decrees orders and other proceedings of the several courts of this State heretofore made within the limits of their several jurisdictions are hereby ratified and affirmed subject only to reversal by motion for a new trial appeal bill of review or other proceeding in confirmity with the law of force when they were made
Par VII The officers of the government now existing shall continue in the exercise of their several functions until their successors are duly elected or appointed and qualified but nothing herein is to apply to any officer whose office may be abolished by this Constitution
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Par VIII The ordinances of this Convention shall have the force of laws until otherwise provided by the General Assembly except the ordinances in reference to submitting the homestead and Capital question to a vote of the people which ordinances after being voted on shall have the effect of constitutional provisions
ARTICLE XIII
Amendments to the Constitution
Section I
Paragraph I Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed in the Senate or House of Representatives and if the same shall be agreed to by twothirds of the members elected to each of the two houses such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on their journals with the yeas and nays taken thereon And the General Assembly shall cause such amendment or amendments to be published in one or more newspapers in each Congressional district for two months previous to the time of holding the next general election and shall also provide for a submission of such proposed amendment or amendments to the people at said next general election and if the people shall ratify such amendment or amendments by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment or amendments shall become a part of this Constitution When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately
Par II No convention of the people shall be called by the General Assembly to revise amend or change this Constitution unless by the concurrence of twothirds of all the members of each house of the General Assembly The representation in said convention shall be based on population as near as practicable
Section II
Paragraph I The Constitution shall be Submitted for ratification or rejection to the electors of the State at an election to be held on the first Wednesday in December one thousand eight hundred and seventyseven in the several election districts of this State at which election every person shall be entitled to vote who is entitled to vote for the members of the General Assembly under the constitution and laws of force at the date of such election said election to be held and conducted as is now provided by law for holding elections for members of the General Assembly All persons voting at said election in favor of adopting the Constitution shall write or have
219
printed on their ballots the words For Ratification and all persons opposed to the adoption of this Constitution shall write or have printed on their ballots the words Against Ratification
Par II The votes cast at said election shall be consolidated in each of the counties of the State as is now required by law in elections for members of the General Assembly and returns thereof made to the Governor and should a majority of all votes cast at said election be in favor of ratification he shall declare the said Constitution adopted and make proclamation of the result of said election by publication in one or more newspapers in each Congressional district of the State but should a majority of the votes cast be against ratification he shall in the same manner proclaim the said Constitution rejected
ORDINANCES
STATE CAPITOL
Be it ordained by the people of Georgia in Convention assembled
1 That the question of the location of the capitol of this State be kept out of the Constitution to be adopted by this Convention
2 That at the first general election hereafter held for members of the General Assembly every voter may indorse on this ballot Atlanta or Milledgeville and the one of these places receiving the largest number of votes shall be the capitol of the State until changed by the same authority and in the same way that may be provided for the alteration of the Constitution that may be adopted by the Convention whether said Constitution be ratified or rejected And that every person entitled to vote for member of the General Assembly under the present Constitution and laws of this State shall be entitled to vote nder this ordinance and in the event of the rejection of said Constitution shall should a majority of votes cast be in favor of Milledgeville then this provision to operate and take effect as an amendment to the present Constitution
HOMESTEAD
Be it ordained by the people of Georgia in Convention assembled and it is hereby ordained by authority of the same
1 That the article adopted by the Convention on the subject of homestead and exemption shall not form a part of this Constitution except as hereinafter provided
2 At the election held fqr the ratification or rejection of this
220
Constitution it shall be lawful for each voter to have written or printed on his ballot the words Homestead of 1877 or the words Homestead of 1868
3 In the event that a majority of the ballots so cast have indorsed upon them the words Homestead of 1877 then said article so adopted by this Convention shall form a part of the Constitution so submitted shall not be ratified then the article on homestead and exemptions so adopted as aforesaid by this Convention shall supersede Article Seven of the Constitution of 1868 on the subject of homestead and exemptions and form a part of this Constitution
4 If a majority of the ballots so cast as aforesaid shall have indorsed upon them the words Homestead of 1868 then Article Seven of the Constitution of 1868 shall supersede the article on homestead and exemptions adopted by this Convention and shall be incorporated in and form a part of the Constitution so submitted and ratified
JUDICIAL CIRCUITS
There shall be sixteen judicial circuits in this State and it shall be the duty of the General Assembly to organize and proportion the same in such manner as to equalize the business and labor of the judges in said several circuits as far as may be practicable But the General Assembly shall have power hereafter to reorganize increase or diminish the number of circuits Provided however that the circuits shall remain as now organized until changed by law
SIGNING AND RATIFICATION
Be it ordained by the people of Georgia in Convention assembled
1 That the Constitution as adopted and revised be enrolled and signed by the officers and members of this Convention
2 That the Governor shall issue his proclamation ordering an election for members of the General Assembly and a vote upon the ratification or rejection of this Constitution as therein provided and a vote upon the capitol and homestead questions as provided by the ordinances of this Convention
Read and adopted in Convention August 25th 1877
Attest C J JENKINS
President Constitutional Convention
JAMES COOPER NISBET Secretary
VOID BONDS NOT TO BE PAID
Neither the General Assembly nor any other authority or officer of this State shall ever have power to pay or recognize as legal or
221
in any sense valid or binding upon the State any direct bonds or currency bonds gold bonds or the States alleged guaranty or indorsement of any railroad bondsor any other bonds guaranties or indorsements heretofore declared to be illegal fraudulent or void by act or resolution of the legislature of the State or that may be declared illegal fraudulent or void by act or resolution of the legislature originating this amendment viz The State gold bonds issued under the Act of October 17th 1870 in aid of the Brunswick and Albany Railroad Company the currency bonds issued under the Act of August 27th 1870 the quarterly gold bonds issued under the Act of September 15th 1870 which are enumerated in the Act of August 23d 1872 the indorsement of the State upon the bonds of the Brunswick and Albany Railroad Company fnade under the Act of March 18th 1869 the indorsement of the State upon the bonds of the Cartersville and Van Wert Railroad Company and of the Cherokee Railroad Company the indorsement of the State upon the bonds of the Bainbridge Cuthbert and Columbus Railroad Company and all other bonds guaranties or indorsements declared illegal fraudulent or void as herein provided Nor shall any General Assembly ever have power to provide for the reindorsement of such railroad bonds or to place the States guaranty upon the same or to provide for the indorsement or guaranty by the State of any new bonds issued in lieu of or to pay off or retire such railroad bonds by any railroad company or to issue bonds of the State to such railroad companies or other persons in payment or in lieu of such indorsed bonds or other bonds herein declared illegal or to lend the aid or credit of the State by any act resolution or law to such railroad companies or to other incorporated companies or persons acquiring or succeeding to the rights and franchises of said companies or to buy the railroads of such companies or to submit the question of the liability of the State upon any of the bonds or indorsements upon bonds or other guaranty herein declared illegal fraudulent and void or upon any claim for money advanced upon said bimds indorsements or guaranties or expended by said companies or other persons in and about the construction of said railroads to the decision of any court tribunal or person whatever or to pay assume or secure directly or indirectly by any act resolution or law any money advanced or claimed to have been advanced on the bonds indorsements or guaranties herein declared invalid
222
INDEX
to the
CONSTITUTION OF GEORGIA
NoteReference in the Index of the provision referred to strictly followed
are made to the Article Section and Paragraph the original division of the instrument being
Absent members of Legislature attendance of compelled
Abuse under arrest or in prison prohibited
Of liberty of speech or press responsibility for
Academy incorporated exempt from taxation
Acceptors suits against where tried
Account of Treasurer to be published quarterly
Accusation copy to be furnished defendant on demand Acts amending or repealing must describe the law affected
Local and private authority of1
Must be signed by President of Senate and Speaker
of House
Requiring twothirds voteyeas and nays must be
recorded
Adjournment of Legislature by less than a majority
Consent of both Houses required when
Houses failing to agree Governor may adjourn them
Resolutions of not submitted to Governor
Ad valorem Tax on property shall be
Aged and infirm persons entitled to Homestead
Aid of State to any religious denomination prohibited To any person r corporation by lending credit or
taking stock prohibited
To any person or corporation by donation or gratuity prohibited
26Legislature
Aid of County or City to person or corporation prohibitedagl
Amendments to Appropriation and Revenue bills by
Senate
To Constitution
To statute or code form of amendment act
Animals special tax may be imposed on vicious ones
A s P
3 4 4
1 1 9
1 1 15
7 2 2
6 16 5
3 7 11
1 1 5
3 7 17
12 1 4
3 7 13
3 7 21
3 4 4
3 7 24
3 7 24
5 1 17
7 2 1
9 1 1
1 1 14
7 5 1
7 16 1
7 6 1
3 7 10
13 1 1
3 7 17
7 2 1
223
A S P
Appeal from one jury to another in Superior and City
Courts 6 4 6
From Ordinary to Superior Court 6 6 1
From Justice of the Peace to Jury or Superior Court 6 7 2
Appellate Jurisdiction of the Superior Court 644
Appointment of Legislator to another office prohibited 3 4 7
By Governor to fill vacancies 5 1 14
Rejected by Senate effect of 5 1 15
Of State School Commissioner 8 2 1
Apportionment of Representatives how changed 3 3 2
Appropriation Acts authority of 12 1 3
Bills general and special 3 7 9
Bills must originate in House of Representatives 3 7 10
Bills yeas and nays must be recorded on 3 7 12
Bills may be approved in part 5 1 16
Necessary to authorize payment by Treasurer 3 7 11
For University of Georgia and College for colored
pupils 8 6 1
Approval of Governor to Bills 5 1 16
Of Governor to Resolutions and Orders 5 1 17
Arms right of citizens to bearmanner of bearing 1 1 22
Army of the State Governor is Commander of 5 1 11
Arrest abuse under prohibited 1 1 9
Punishment for rescue from under order either
House 3 7 2
Privilege of Elector from 2 3 1
Privilege of member Legislature from 3 7 3
Artificial limbs for Confederate soldiers 7 11
Assemble right of people to do so guaranteed 1 1 24
Associate Justice of Supreme Court 6 2 1
Atlanta City Court of errors corrected in Supreme
Court 6 2 5
Attainder bill of prohibited 1 3 2
Attendance of members of the Legislature compelled 3 4 4
Attendance of members of Legislature privileges during 3 7 3
Attorney right to defend or prosecute by 1 1 4
Right of Defendant in criminal cases to have 1 1 5
General election of 6 10 1
General duties 6 10 2
General salary 6 13 1
General qualifications 6 14 1
Authority of Constitutiontreaties laws judgments etc 12 1
224
B
A S P
Bail shall not be excessive j j 9
Ballot election by the people shall be by 2 1 1
Banishment beyond the State prohibited 117
Banks may be incorporated by the Legislature 3 7 18
Bequests may be received by the University of Georgia 8 6 1
Bills a number of readings necessary before passage 3 7 7
Majority of all members in favor of necessary to
passage 3 7 14
Rejected not again proposed without consent of
twothirds 3 7 13
Appropriation and Revenue must originate in House 3 7 10
Appropriations general and special requisites of 3 7 9
Appropriations must be passed by yeas and nays 3 7 12
Revision of by Governor Vetohow overruled 5 1 16
See Local Bills also Acts
Bond required of Secretary of Senate and Clerk of House 3 8 1
Required of Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer 5 2 6
Required of Public Printer 7 17 1
Bonded debt not to be increased 7 12 1
Sale of States property to be applied to 7 13 1
Of county or city provisions for meeting 7 7 2
Bonds in cases involving an interested Judge cannot
preside 6 2 3
Of State declared void not to be paid or submitted
to suit 7 1
Of Western Atlantic Railroad paid by proceeds
of Road 7 13 1
Boundaries of counties to remain as now till changed
by law 11 1 1
Bribery Conviction of disqualifies for office or voting 2 2 1
Bridges established by the courts not Legislature 3 7 18
Bridges Ordinarys jurisdiction in matter of 6 6 2
Bridges taxation by county to keep up 7 6 2
Borrowing money by State laws for must specify pur
Pose v 741
Buildings public exempt from taxation 7 2 2
Public tax by county to maintain 7 6 2
Ordinarys jurisdiction 6 6 2
Burial places exempt from tax 7 2 2
225
c
A S P
Canal Companies may be incorporated by Legislature 3 7 18
Capitol location of ordinance concerning 12 1 8
Capitol site for may be donated to the State 7 6 1
Censure of members of Legislaturefor misconduct 3 7 1
Certiorari writs of may be issued by Judge Superior
Court 6 4 5
Challenge of voter oath to be administered 2 12
Conviction of sending or accepting disqualifies for
office 2 4 2
Charitable institutions public exempt from taxation 7 2 2
Public aid from county or city 7 6 1
Charter of Corporations amended on conditions 4 2 3
Chief Justice of Supreme Court presides in impeachment trialssee Supreme Court 3 5 4
Children legitimatized and names changed by the Courts 3 7 18
Church not to receive money from the StateJ 1 1 14
Citizens of the State who are and right to protection 1 1 25
Of the State entitled to vote when 2 1 1
City aid by donation or taking stock prohibited 7 6 1
Consent before Street Railroad can be built in 3 7 20
Courts of the State need not be uniform 6 9 1
Court appeals and new trials in 6 4 6
Courts errors corrected in Supreme Court 6 2 5
Court Judge may serve in Supreme Court when 6 5 1
Debt to be incurred by limited 7 7 1
Debt bonded provisions for meeting 7 7 2
Debt not to be assumed by State 7 8 1
Debt to be incurred only by authority of City Government 7 10 1
Public schopls may be maintained by tax 8 4 1
Civil authority superior to the military 1 1 19
Cases where tried 6 16 6
Cases judgment by Court without jury when 6 4 7
Cases venue how changed 6 17 1
Jurisdiction of Superior Court 6 4 3
Jurisdiction of Justices Court 6 7 2
Clerical expenses of Treasurer Secretry of State and
ComptrollerGeneral 5 22 34
Clerk of House of Representatives Compensation and
Bond of 3 8 1
Clerks of the Governor 5 1 19
226
A
S P
Code sections not amended or repealed by reference to
numbers 3 7
Colleges exempt from taxation 7 2
For colored pupils 8 6
Colored pupils College for 8 6
Colored and white public schools to be separate 8 1
Commissioner of Schools appointed and salary of 8 2
Commissioners of county affairs authorized 6 19
Commissioners of county affairs authorized 11 3
Committee on Local and Special bills 3 7
Common Law Courts may be clothed with equity jurisdiction 6 5
Common School systemsee Education 8 1
Commutation power in the Governor 5 1
Tax for military services goes to Schools 8 3
Companies incorporation of 3 7
Volunteer military organization of 10 1
Compensation for private ways and public use of property 1 3
Of Clerk of House and Secretary of Senate 3 8
Of Jurors how fixed 6 18
Extra not granted officers or contractors 7 16
Competition arrangements by corporations to defeat
void 4 2
ComptrollerGeneral must license Life Insurance om
panies 3 12
Supervise deposits of Life Insurance Companies 3 12
Officers of Executive Department 5 1
Examination suspension and discharge of 5 1
Election of 5 2
Salary and Clerks hire 5 2
Eligibility and Bond of 5 2
Perquisites not allowed to 5 2
Must report to Governor 7 15
Confederate Soldiers pensions for 7 1
Public debt not to be paid 7 11
Conscience right of not to be controlled 1 1
Liberty of does not excuse licentiousness 1 1
Consent of parties to vary general law in individual
cases 1 4
City to building Street Railroads within its limits 3 7
Constitution of Georgia may be altered or abolished by
the people 1 5
17
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
5
2
1
12
1
18
2
1
1
2
4
2
3
1
18
1
4
6
7
1
1
1
12
13
1
20
1
227
A S P
Authority of 12 1 1
Amendments of 13 1
Amendments by Convention 13 1 2
To be submitted to the people 13 2 1
And United Stateslaws in violation of void1 4 2
And United States authority of 12 1 1
Constitutional Convention provisions to call 13 1 2
Construction of Constitution not to deny rights not
enumerated 1 5 5
Contempt limitation of Courts power to punish for 1 1 20
Either House of General Assembly may punish for 3 7 2
Contested Election for Governor 5 1 6
Contracts laws impairing obligation of void 1 3 2
By Government releasing power to tax void 4 1 1
By Government heretofore made not impaired 4 2 6
Between corporations defeat competition void 4 2 4
Judgments on without verdict when 6 4 7
Jurisdiction of Justices Courts in cases of 6 7 2
Contractor not to receive extra compensation from Government 7 16 2
Conventionsee Constitutional Convention and Ordinances
Conviction costs not to be exacted of defendant until 1 1 10
Does not work corruption or forfeiture 1 2 3
Of certain offenses disfranchises 2 2 1
Impeachment vote necessary 3 5 4
Dueling disqualifies for office 2 4 2
Copartners suits against where tried 6 16 4
Coroners County Tax to pay 7 6 2
Corporate powers what may be granted by Legislature 3 7 18
Corporators not to be damaged by revocation of charter 13 3
Corporations subject to police power and eminent domain 4 2 2
Legislation in favor of conditional 4 2 3
Acts of to defeat competition and monopolize void 4 2 4
Rights to tax not to be released 7 2 5
State not to take stock in aid or lend credit to 7 5 1
County or City not to take stock in aid or lend
credit to 7 6 1
Donations to from State prohibited 7 16 1
Authority of rights already accrued to 12 1 5
Municipalsee City
228
A S P
Costs not payable by defendant till conviction 1 1 10
In Supreme Court 621 1
County Commissioners may be created j 6 19 1
X n 3 i
Debt to be incurred by limited 7 7 l
Debt not to be assumed by StateJ 7 8 2
Debt bonded provisions for meeting 7 7 l
Not to aid or take stock in Corporation 7 6 1
Public Schools may be maintained by 8 4 1
Matters Ordinarys jurisdiction 6 6 2
Officers election term qualification and removal 11 2 1
Officers and tribunals to be uniform in the State 11 3 1
Is a body corporate suits of and boundaries 11 1 1
New one not to be created n l 2
Lines and site how changed 11 1 34
Merger of 11 1 5
Special acts authority of 12 1 4
Corruption of blood not worked by conviction 1 2 3
Courts power to punish for contempt limited 1 1 20
Power in matters denied to Legislature 3 7 18
Of the State 6 11
Not mentioned in Constitution may be abolished 6 20 7
Of Common Law may be vested with equity jurisdiction 6 4 2
Of same grade throughout State must be uniform 691
Courts tax to pay expenses of 7 6 2
Jurisdiction against Homestead denied 9 2 1
Authority of judgments and decrees of 12 1 5
Existing judgments and decrees of ratified 12 1 6
See also Supreme Superior City and Justice Courts
Credit of State not to be pledged to Corporations or
persons I 7 5 1
Creditors law to be provided for reaching concealed
property of debtor 1 2 6
Not to be damaged by revocation of Charter 1 3 3
Crime conviction in what cases disfranchises 2 2 1
Lobbying declared to be 1 5 5
Criminal cases Jury judges of law and fact 1 2 1
Judge may grant new trial on conviction 1 2 1
Jurisdiction of Superior Court 641
Rights of defendant in 1 1 5
229
A S
Where tried 6 16
Venue when changed 6 17
D
Damages jurisdiction of Justices Courts in cases of 6 7
Death of Governor vacancy how filled 5 1
Officer vacancy how filled 5 1
Debate liability of Legislators for words spoken in 3 7
Debts Public taxation to pay 7 1
Public new debt contracted to pay 7 3
Power of State to contract restricted 7 3
Of County taxation to pay 7 6
Power of City or County to Contract restricted 7 7
To be incurred by City only on authority of City
Government 7 10
Of County or City not to be assumed by State 7 8
Void and Confederate against State not to be paid 7 11
Debtor Concealing Property provisions against 1 2
May waive Homestead 9 3
May waive Exemptions of the old Code 9 5
Decrees of Court authority and ratification of 12 1
Defaulters of public moneys disqualified for Legislature 3 4
Defend or prosecute in person or by attorney right to 1 1
Defense under oath not filed Court to render judgment when 6 4
Of State debts may be contracted for 7 3
Deficiency of Revenue in State supplied by borrowing 7 3
Of Revenue in City and County supplied by borrowing 7 7
Deposit required of Insurance Companies 3
Of public funds Treasurer to receive no profit from 5 2
Disabilities may be removed by Governor 5 1
Discrimination in Tariff by Railroad regulated 4 2
Disorderly behavior in presence of Legislature punished 3 7
Disqualification to hold office or votey 2 2
Religious opinion is not 1 1
To hold office in more than one department 1 1
Of illegal holders of public money 2 4
Of duelists 2 4
For Legislature and of legislator to other office 3 4
Resulting from impeachment 3 5
Of Judge or Supreme Court who presides 6 2
230
p
6
1
1
1
14
3
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
6
1
1
56
7
4
7
1
1
1
12
5
12
1
12
1
13
13
1
2
7
5
2
A S P
Judge of Superior Court who presides 6 4 9
Judge of Superior Court when there is a CityJudge 6 5 1
Of interested Judge in bond cases 6 2 3
District Senatorial number composition and change
of 3 21 23
Divorce exclusive jurisdiction in Superior Court 6 4 1
First and second verdicts in cases of 6 15 12
Suits where tried 6 16 1
Domestic animals of vicious nature special tax on 7 2 1
Animals tax on goes to educational purposes 8 1 1
Donations by State prohibited 7 16 1
By State to University allowed 8 6 1
Drawer and Acceptor suits against where tried 8 16 5
Dueling conviction of disqualifies for office 2 2
E
Education Common School System established 8 1 1
Commissioner of Public Schools 8 2 1
Confined to English in local public schools 7 6 2
Confined to English in State public schools 8 1 1
Poll Tax for purpose of 7 2 3
Special Tax for purposes of 8 3 1
Taxation for purposes of by State 7 1 1
Taxation for purposes of by City or County 7 6 2
Appropriations for purposes of by City or County 7 6 1
Election by the people shall be by ballot 2 1 1
By the Legislature shall be viva voce 3 10 1
Days furnishing Liquor on prohibited 2 5 1
Privileges of Electors while attending 2 3 1
Precincts changed by Courts not Legislature 3 7 18
Returns where made 2 6 1
Of members General Assembly 3 4 2
Members General Assembly each house to judge of 3 7 1
President of the Senate 3 5 2
Speaker of the House of Representatives 3 6 2
Governor 5 1 3
Governor returns how made 5 1 4
Returns opened and published 5 1 5
Governor by General Assembly 5 1 5
Contested 5 1 6
Special 5 1 9
To fill vacancies in General Assembly 5 1 13
231
Of Secretary of State CompGenl and Treasurer
Judges of Supreme Court
Judges of Superior Court
Judges of Supreme Superior Courts and SolGenl
Justices of the Peace
AttorneyGeneral
By City or County on creating a new Debt
City or County on School question
To change County Site
Merge one County into another
Election of County officers
On amendments to Constitution
Ratification of Constitution
Electors who shall be so deemed
Registration of may be provided for
Privileges of while attending elections
Embezzlement of public funds disfranchises
Eminent Domain not to be abridged in favor of Corporations
Encumbrances Homestead liable for removal of
Endorsers suits against where tried
Equal Rights not to be infringed by Corporations
Equity Cases where tried
Jurisdiction is in Superior Court
Jurisdiction may be conferred on Common Law
Courts
Errors in Superior and City Courts corrected in Supreme
Court
Of inferior judicatories corrected by Certiorari
Estate not forfeited by Conviction
Excessive Bail and Fines forbidden
Executive Legislative and Judicial Department are distinct
Department officers of
Department officers of report suspension and removal of
Powers vested in Governor
Exemption from Taxation and void Exemption
From Levy and Sale
From Levy and Sale waiver of
From Levy and Sale under Debtors Act not repealed
From Levy and Sale under Debtors Act waiver
232
A s p
5 2 1
6 2 4
6 3 2
6 12 1
6 7 3
6 10 1
7 7 1
8 4 1
11 1 4
11 1 5
11 2 1
13 1 1
13 2 1
2 1 2
2 2 1
2 3 1
2 2
4 2 2
9 2 1
6 16 5
4 2 1
6 16 3
6 4 1
6 4 2
6 2 5
6 4 5
1 2 3
1 1 9
1 1 23
5 1 1
5 1 18
5 1 2
7 22 45
9 1 1
9 3 1
9 4 1
9 5 1
A S p
Exhibitions special tax on goes to public schools 8 3 1
Expense of Clerks and Secretaries to Governor 5 1 18
Of Clerks of Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer 5 22 34
Ex Post Facto Law not to be passeds 1 3 2
Express Companies chartered by Legislature 4 3 7 18
Expulsion of Member of General Assembly for misconduct 3 7 1
Extra session of Legislature before November 1st 1878 3 4 3
Sessions of Legislature may be called by Governor 5 1 13
Compensation not to be allowed by Government 7 16 2
F
Family each Head of entitled to Homestead 9 1 1
Fees not allowed officers of Executive Department 5 2 7
Not allowed AttorneyGeneral Q 13 1
Felony exclusive jurisdiction in Superior Court 6 4 1
Females persons having care of entitled to Homestead 9 11
Ferries established by Courts not Legislature 3 7 18
Ordinarys jurisdiction concerning 6 6 2
Fines imposed must not be excessive 1 1 9
Imposer on member of Legislature for misconduct 3 7 1
Fire Insurance Companies deposit required of 3 12 4
Foreign Power Governor to receive no Emolument from 5 1 2
Forfeiture of Estate not brought about by conviction 1 2 3
Of Recognizance relieved against when 3 7 19
Of Charter remitted only on conditions 4 2 3
Fraud Legislature may provide Punishment for 12 6
Judgments attacked for 12 1 5
Free Schoolssee Education 8 11
Freight on Railroads subject to regulation by law 4 2 1
Rebate not allowed nor deceit as to amount charged 4 2 5
Furniture Waiver of Exemption not good against all 9 3 1
Funds of county Ordinarys jurisdiction 6 6 2
Of Public officers not to profit from use of 7 9 1
Sinking provided for 7 14 1
G
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
Consisting of Senate and House is the Legislative
power 3 4 4
Members of elected for two years 3 4
Election when held t 3 4 2
Election returns where made 42 6 1
233
A S P
Attendance of required 3 4 4
Oath of 3 4 5
Who are disqualified to be 3 4 7
Disqualified for certain other offices 3 4 7
Not to profit from use of public funds 7 9 1
Not to be interested in public printing 7 17 1
Seats of vacated by removal 3 4 8
Punished for misconduct in each House 3 7 1
Privileges of 3 7 3
Per diem and mileage of 3 9 1
Majority of all necessary to passage of bill 3 7 14
Officers of who are 3 8 1
Quorum of to transact business 3 4 4
Adjournment by less than a quorum 3 4 4
Adjournment for more than three days etc 3 37 24
Election by shall be viva voce 3 10 1
Of Judges of Supreme Court by 1st election 6 2 4
Of Judges of Superior Court by 1st election 6 3 2
Of Judges of Supreme and Superior Courts and
SolicitorsGeneral 6 12 1
Of Governor by when 5 15
Of Governor contested determined by 5 1 6
May pardon commute or reprieve for treason 5 1 12
May direct affixing of the Great Seal 5 3 1
Sessions of are annual 3 4 3
Of limited to 50 days 3 4 6
Of extra may be called by Governor 5 1 13
Of joint held in Representative Hall 3 10 1
Each House of may compel attendance of members 3 4 4
Is judge of elecn and qualificatn of its members 3 7 1
May punish for misconduct 3 7 12
Must keep a Journal 3 7 4
Has general power of legislation 3 7 22
HAS POWER BY LAW TO
Provide punishment for fraud 1 2 6
For registration of voters 2 2 1
For removal Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer 5 1 18
For appeals in Superior and City Courts 6 4 6
For appointments of Judge pro hac vice 6 4 9
Commissioners for county affairs 6 19 1
234

A S P
For organizing the Militia 10 1 1
Prescribe manner of bearing arms 1 1 22
Number of Jurors in Inferior Courts 6 18 1
Who shall vote on School questions 8 4 1
Change Senatorial Districts when 3 2 3
Apportionment of Representatives 3 3 2
Governors Salary by twothirds vote 5 1 2
Salaries of Judges Attorneys and SolicitorsGeneral 6 13 2
Substitute another officer for School Commissioner 821
Established Courts 6 1 1
Abolish Courts not named in Constitution 6 20 2
Confer Equity jurisdiction on Common Law Courts 6 4 2
Authorize formation of Volunteer Companies 10 1 2
Require Fire Insurance Companies to make deposit 3 12 4
Subject corporate property to public use when 4 2 1
Sell States property 7 13 4
Make donations to University of Georgia 8 6 1
Make donations to College for colored people 8 6 1
Amend Constitution in manner provided 13 1 1
Call Constitutional Convention as provided 13 12
SHALL BY LAW
Limit power of Courts to punish for Contempt 1 1 20
Protect citizens in their right 1 1 25
Provide penalty against Lottery Agents 12 4
Provide penalty against Lobbying 1 2 5
Prohibit furnishing Liquor on election days 3 5 1
Provide penalty against Treasurer receiving unlawful fee 5 2 5
Provide for reaching concealed property of Debtor 1 2 6
Compel Insurance Companies to report to Governor 3 12 5
Regulate Freight and Passenger Tariff 4 2 1
Enforce provisions against monopolies etc 4 2 7
Establish uniformity in local tribunals 6 9 1
Provide for selection and compensation of jurors 6 18 23
A sinking fund 7 44 4
For letting Public Printing to highest bidder 7 17 1
Setting apart and valuation of Homestead 9 4 1
For appeals in Superior and City Courts 6 4 6
SHALL NOT PASS ANY LAW
To restrain or curtail liberty of speech or press 1 1 15
Respecting social status of citizens 1 1 18
235
Of Attainder ex post facto impairing contracts Making irrevocable grants of special privileges To revoke grants to injury of creditors of corporators
Of special nature when general law provides
Varying general law affecting private rights without consent
In violation of Constitution of Georgia or the
United States
Referring to more than one matter or different form
title
Incorporating companies except for class named Relieving against recognizances except as stated Authorizing Street Railroad in city without citys
consent
For benefit of particular corporations except on
conditions
Authorizing one corporation to buy stock in another County or City to aid persons or corporations
Payment of void bonds or Confederate debts
Granting donation or gratuity to persons or corporations Extra compensation to officer or contractors
See Tax
God may be worshipped according to dictates of conscience
Governor an officer of the Executive Department
Executive powers vested in
Salary term and limitations of terms of office
Election installation and terms of election of
Of by the Legislature when
Qualification and oath of
Death resignation or disability of
Secretary and Clerks of
Is Commander of the Army and Conservator of the
Peace
May adjourn the Legislature when
Call Extra Session of the Legislature
Direct affixing of the Great Seal
Pardon reprieve commute and remit penalties
Remove disabilities
With the Treasurer loan the Sinking Fund
Require services of AttorneyGeneral
Shall order elections to fill vacancies in Legislature
236
A s p
1 3 2
1 3 2
1 3 3
1 4 1
1 4 1
1 4 2
3 7 8
3 7 18
3 7 19
3 7 20
4 2 3
7 6 1
7 11 1
7 17 1
7 16 2
1 1 12
5 1 1
5 1 2
5 1 2
5 1 14
5 1 5
5 17 10
5 1 8
5 1 19
5 11 11
3 7 24
5 1 13
5 3 1
5 1 12
5 1 12
7 14 1
6 10 2
5 1 13

A S P
Fill vacancies in other offices 5 1 14
Offices of Judges and SolicitorsGeneral 6 12 1
Appoint State School Commissioner 8 2 1
Judge to preside in Supreme Court when 6 2 2
Commission Notaries Public exOfficio Justices of
Peace 6 8 1
Examine and Publish Report of Comptroller and
Treasurer 7 15 1
Proclaim result of Election on Constitution 13 2 2
Cannot appoint member of Legislature to office 3 4 7
A person rejected by Senate when 5 1 15
Has revision of bills and resolutions of Legislature 5 1 17
Supervision over Executive officers 5 1 18
Government originates with people duty of 1 1 12
Exclusive right of the people to regulate 1 5 1
Legislative Executive and Judicial Departments
distinct 1 1 23
Support of by taxation 7 11
Grants limiting power to tax void 4 1 1
Irrevocable of special privileges void 1 3 2
Not to be revoked so as to work injustice 1 3 3
Great Seal of the State use and device of 5 3 1
Guardian of minors entitled to Homesteada 9 11
H
Habeas Corpus Writ shall not be suspended 1 1 11
Head of family entitled to Homestead 9 1 1
Homestead and Exemption to whom allowed and amount
of 9 1 1
Not subject to levy and sale 9 2 1
Waiver and sale of 9 3 1
Setting apart of to be provided for 9 4 1
Supplemental 9 6 1
Already allowed good against old debt 9 7 1
Ordinance effect of 12 1 8
Of 1868 sales of confirmed 9 8 1
Of 1868 sales and reinvestments of 9 9 1
Under Debtors Act not repealed 9 4 1
Under Debtors Act Waiver of 9 5 1
House secure from search except as provided 1 1 16
Soldiers not to be quartered in except as provided 1 119
Of Representativessee Representatives
Household Furniture waiver of exemption on 9 3 1
237
Husbands debts wifes property not liable for
I
Idiots disqualified to vote or hold office
Immunities special not to be irrevocably granted
Not to be revoked so as to work justice
Impeachment power in House of Representatives
Power to tryin the Senate
Chief Justice to preside at trial of
Vote necessary to convict
Effect of conviction
Governor cannot pardon in case of
Imprisonment abuse under forbidden
For debt prohibited
For misbehavior in presence of Legislature
Improvement on Homestead is part of
Indictment copy to be furnished defendant on demand Inferior Judicatories errors of corrected by Certiorari
Infirm persons entitled to Homestead
Inherent rights not enumerated and not denied
Insane persons not entitled to vote or hold office
Inspection by Governor of Executive Officers
Installation of Governor
Insurance Department expense of
Companies to make reports to Governor
Chartered by Legislature
Fire deposit made with Treasury
Foreign and Home Life deposits required Foreign Life ComptrollerGeneral to license Interest on Public Debt taxation authorized to pay Intoxicating drinks not to be furnished on election days Insurrection and invasion in time of Bills may pass
summarily
Tax to suppress
Bonded debt incurred to suppress
Debts contracted to suppress
Contracted by city or county to suppress assumed
by State
Invasion see Insurrection
Investment of funds raised by sale of homestead
Irrevocable grants of special privileges void
A s p
3 11 1
2 2 1
1 3 2
1 3 3
3 6 3
3 5 3
3 5 4
3 5 4
3 5 5
5 1 12
1 1 9
1 1 21
3 7 12
9 2 1
1 1 5
6 4 5
9 1 1
1 5 2
2 2 1
5 1 18
5 1 3
5 2 4
3 12 5
3 7 18
3 12 4
3 12 13
3 12 2
7 1 1
2 5 1
7
7 1 1
7 12 1
7 3 1
7 8 1
9 3 1
1 3 2
238
Jeopardy more than once for same offense prohibited 1 1
Joint obligors suit against where tried 6 16
Owner in property State shall not become 7 5
Journal each House of the General Assembly shall keep 3 7
Original preserved in the office of Secretary of State 3 7
Yeas and nays to be recorded in at request of one
fifth 3 7
Yeas and nays to be recorded in when twothirds
vote is required 3 7
Must show majority of all members voted for bills
passed 3 7
Must contain proposed amendments to Constitution 13 1
Of House must contain vote of elections by Legislature 3 10
Judge disqualified to preside in bond cases if interested
in the bonds 6 2
Pro hac vice Legislature may authorize 6 4
May grant new trials in cases of conviction 1 2
See Supreme Superior and City Courts
Judicial Legislative and Executive Departments distinct 1 1
Powers of the State where vested 6 1
Judiciary to declare unconstitutional acts void 1 4
Judgment of Impeachment extent of 3 5
Of Supreme Court may be withheld one term 6 2
Without verdict of Jury when t 6 4
Of Courts authority of 12 1
Heretofore rendered ratified 12 1
Jurisdiction of Supreme Court 6 2
Of Superior Court 6 4
Of Superior Court Appellate 6 4
Of Ordinary 6 6
Of Ordinary County matters 6 6
Of Justices of the Peace 6 7
Against Homestead denied 9 2
Jury right of trial by an impartial 1 1
Rght of trial by Guaranteed 6 18
Judges of law and fact in criminal cases 1 2
Appeal from one to another in Superior and City
Courts 6 4
From Justice of the Peace to 6 7
p
8
4
1
4
5
6
21
14
1
1
3
9
1
23
1
5
7
7
5
6
5
1
4
1
2
2
1
5
1
1
6
2
239
A S P
Grand to recommend Commissioned Notary for
appointment 6 8 1
Grand and Traverse selection and qualification of 6 18 2
Compensation of how fixed 6 18 3
Tax by county to pay 7 6 2
Justice of the Peace may be member of Legislature 3 4 7
Part of Judiciary 6 1 1
Electon Commission and removal of 6 7 3
Term of 6 7 1
Jurisdiction Sessions and Appeals 6 7 2
ExOfficio 6 8 1
K
Kitchen furniture waiver of exemption of 9 3 1
L
Labor done on Homestead Homestead is liable for 9 2 1
Land cases involving title to brought in Superior Court 6 4 1
Cases involving title to tried at what place 6 16 2
Homestead and Exemption on 9 1 1
Larceny conviction of disfranchises 2 2 1
Law due process of required to affect rights of persons 1 1 3
Laws of general nature must have uniform operation 1 4 1
Of general nature affecting private rights how
varied 14 1
Unconstitutional are void 142
For more than one matter or dfferent from title
void 3 7 8
Majority vote of all members necessary to pass 3 7 14
For tax shall be general 7 2 1
Not repealed or amended by reference to title alone 3 7 17
For borrowing money must be specific 7 4 1
To change county lines must be a general law 11 1 3
Of general operation 12
Of United States authority of 12 1 1
Of Georgia authority of 12 1 3
Local and special authority of 12 1 4
See Local also General Assembly
Learning Seminaries of exempt from taxation 7 2 2
Legslative power is in the General Assembly 3 1 1
Executive and Judicial Departments distinct 1 1 23
LegislatureSee General Assembly
Legitimate Children power in Courts 3 7 18
240

A S P
Levy and Sale exemptions from 9 1 1
Libels in prosecutions for truth may be given in evidence 1 2 1
Liberty person to be deprived of only by due process
of law i i 3
Not to be jeopardized but once for same offense 1 1
Of Conscience not to be controlled 1 1 12
Of speech or press not to be curtailed 1 l 15
Libraries Public may be exempt from taxation 7 2 2
Licentiousness not excused on account of liberty of Conscience 1 1 13
Life person not to be deprived of but by due process
of law 1 3
Not to be jeopardized but once for same offense 1 1 8
Crimes involving jurisdiction in Superior Court 6 4 1
See Insurance
Lines of County to be changed under operation of general law 11 1 3
Liquor special tax on for Educational purposes 8 3 1
Not to be furnished on Election days 2 5 1
List of witnesses to be furnished to defendant on demand 115
Litigation tax by County to pay expenses of 7 6 2
Literary Associations may be exempt from taxation 7 2 2
Loans to State for casual deficiencies of revenue 7 3 1
County or City for canal deficiencies of revenue 7 7 1
Of sinking Fund by Governor and Treasurer 7 14 1
Lobbying is a crime Legislature must provide a penalty 12 5
Publication of before passed 3 7 15
Acts authority of 12 1 4
School Systems existing not affected hereby 8 5 1
Lottery Tickets sale of prohibited 1 2 4
M
Macon and Brunswick Railroad if sold proceeds where
applied 7 13 1
Majority of each branch of Legislature constitute quorum 3 4 4
Of all members of each House necessary to pass bill 3 7 14
Malfeasance in office disfranchises 2 2 1
Malpractice in office by Justice of the Peace removal
for 6 7 3
Mandamus issued by Judge of Superior Court 6 4 5
Marriage does not divest wife of her property 3 11
Material furnished Homestead it is liable for 9 2 1
241
A S P
Matter different from title not to be contained in bill 3 7 8
Members of General AssemblySee General Assembly
Merger of counties 11 1 5
Message of Governor 5 1 13
Mileage of the members of the General Assembly 3 9 1
Military authority subordinate to Civil 1 1 19
Commission except in Militia disqualifies for Legislature 3 4 7
Service commutation for goes to Public Schools 831
Companies Volunteer organizations 10 1 2
Companies Volunteer paid only when called by
State 10 1 3
Militia officers may be members of Legislature 3 4 7
Governor is Commanderinchief of 5 1 11
District one Justice of the Peace for each 6 7 1
District one commissioned Notary for each 6 8 1
Organizaton of may be provided for 10 1 1
Paid only when called out by State 10 1 3
Minors family of entitled to Homestead 9 1 1
Ministerial officer not to levy on Homestead 9 2 1
Misconduct of member of Legislature how punished 3 7 1
Mistrial in criminal cases authorizes a second trial 1 1 8
Money not to be donated by State to any Church etc 1 114
Illegal holders of public disqualified for office 2 4 1
Public defaulters of disqualified for Legislature 3 4 7
Authority and manner of drawing from Treasury 3 7 11
Borrowed by State laws for and use of 7 4 1
Monopoly provisions against 4 2 4
Municipal Corporationsee City
N
Names of children changed by Courts 3 7 18
Navigation Companies chartered by Legislature 3 7 18
Navy of State Governor is Commander of 5 1 11
New trial in criminal cases authorizes second trial 1 1 8
In criminal cases may be granted on conviction 1 2 1
May bei granted by Superior and City Court 6 4 6
Counties not to be formed 11 1 2
Notaries Public commissioned part of Judiciary 6 1 1
Appointment commission and powers 6 8 1
Novation of Charter what shall so operate 4 2 3
242
0
Oath of voter if challenged
Of member of General Assembly
Of Governor
To pleas
Obligation of contracts not to be impaired by law
Of contracts heretofore made by State binding
Office illegal holders of public money ineligible for
Who may not hold
Impeachment removes from and disqualifies for Profiting from use of public money disqualifies for
Conviction of Duelling disqualifies for
Religous opinion does not disqualify for
In gift of Governor or Legislature legislator disqualified for
Malfeasance in disfranchises
Officers are trustees of the people and amenable to them Of one department disqualifies to act in another
Returns of election of where made
Of State or the United States disqualified for Legislature
Of Militia or Justice of the Peace may be legislator
Of General Assembly who are
Of Executive Department who are
Of Executive Department report suspension and
removal of
Profiting from use of public fund punishable
Extra compensation to after service prohibited
Not to be interested in Public Printing
Not to levy on Homestead
Of County election removal and disqualification of Of County to be uniform except Commissioners
Now existing to continue till successor qualified
Order passed by Legislature must have Governors approval
Ordinances rejected not to be again proposed unless by
twothirds vote
Must have but one subjectmatter and same as
title
Of the Convention authority of
Of the Convention to have effect of laws
See Ordinances in Appendix
A s p
2 1 2
3 4 5
5 1 10
6 4 7
1 3 2
4 2 6
2 4 1
2 2 1
3 5 5
7 9 1
2 4 2
1 1 13
3 4 7
2 2 1
1 1 1
1 1 23
2 6 1
3 4 7
3 4 j 7
5 1 1
3 8 1
5 1 18
7 9 1
7 16 2
7 17 1
9 2 1
11 2 1
11 3 1
12 1 7
5 1 17
3 7 13
3 7 8
12 1 3
12 1 8
243
Ordinary Courtsof part of Judiciary
Courts of jurisdiction of
Term of office
Origin of Government is with the people
P
Papers secure from search and seizure except as provided
Pardon removes political disabilities of convict
Of Duelists removes political disabilities of convict Power in Governor must report to the Legislature
Passage of bills reading necessary
Of Bills majority of all members necessary
Passenger Tariffrestriction on
Paupers jurisdiction of Ordinary
Affidavit relieves from costs in Supreme Court
Tax for support of
Paysee Compensation Salary
Peace soldiers not to be quartered in houses in time of
Governor is conservator of
Pentitentiary crimes punishable in to be tried in Supe
erior Court
Per diem of members of the Legislature
Perquisites not allowed officers Executive Department
Not allowed AttorneyGeneral
From use of public funds by officers punishable Persons and property to be protected by Government
Not to be molested for religious opinions
Rights not to be affected but by due process of law May prosecute or defend in person or by attorney
Charged with offenses rights of
Life or liberty not to be jeopardized but once for
same crime
Houses and papers secure from illegal search
Personalty amount of exemption of from levy and sale
Petitions and remonstrance right of guaranteed
Pleas under oath in certain cases required
Police of the State right of people to regulate
Power not abridged in favor of corporations
Policyholders in life Insurance Companies protected
Poll tax not to exceed one dollar
Goes to Educational purposes
Practice in courts of same grade to be uniform
244
A s p
6 1 1
6 6 1
6 6 3
1 1 1
1 1 16
2 2 1
2 4 2
5 1 12
3 7 7
3 7 14
4 2 15
6 6 2
6 21 1
7 6
1 1 19
5 1 12
6 4 1
3 9 1
5 2 7
6 13 1
7 9 1
1 1 2
1 1 13
1 1 3
1 1 4
1 1 5
1 1 8
1 1 16
9 1 1
1 1 24
6 4 7
1 5
4 2 2
3 12 13
7 2 3
8 3 1
6 9 1
A S
Precincts for elections how changed 3 7
President of Senate elected by Senate viva voce 3 5
Must sign acts 3 7
Per diem3 9
Presides in joint session 3 10
Acts as Governor when 5 1
Press liberty of not to be curtailed 1 1
Printing public to be let to lowest bidder 7 17
Prisoners not to be abused 1 1
Tax for support of by counties 7 6
Private ways to be allowed only compensation paid 1 3
Acts authority of 12 1
Rights accrued by law authority of 12 1
Privileges special mot to be irrevocably granted 1 3
Special not be revoked so as to do injustice 1 3
Probate jurisdiction in Ordinary 6 6
Proceedings of Legislature to be kept in journals 3 7
Of courts of same grade to be uniform 6 9
Process of law necessary to affect persons in their rights 1 1
Proclamation of Governor calling extra session 5 1
Of Governor on Ratification of Constitution 13 2
Prohibition writs of issued by Judge of Superior Court 6 4
Prolongation of Legislative session by twothirds vote 3 4
Resolutions not submitted to Governor3 7
Promissory notes suits on where tried 6 16
Property of person not to be molested for religious
opinions 1 1
Protection to shall be impartial and complete 1 1
Not taken for public use without compensation 1 3
Concealed by debtor to be reached by law 1 2
Of wife not subject to husbands debts 3 11
List of exempt from tax 7 2
Amount of exempt from levy and sale 9 1
Protection to person and property paramount duty of
Government 1 1
Prosecution rights of defendants in cases of 1 1
Provision waiver of exemption of restricted 9 3
Public Funds embezzlement of disfranchises 2 2
Officer not to receive profit from use of 7 9
Treasurer not to receive profit from use of 5 2
See Money
Public use of private property without compensation
prohibited 1 3
P
11
8
13
3
1
1
18
5
9
2
1
4
5
2
3
1
4
1
3
13
2
5
6
23
5
13
2
1
6
1
2
1
2
5
1
1
1
5
1
245
A S P
Buildings jurisdiction of Ordinary 6 6 2
Buildings tax by county for authorized 7 6 2
Debt and institutions tax for 7 1 1
Property charitable institutions and libraries exempt from tax 7 2 2
Printing let to lowest bidder 7 17 1
Printing officers of Government not to be interested
in 7 17 1
School systemssee Education 8 1 1
Publication of ones sentiments right of not to be curtailed 1 1 15
Journal of General Assembly 3 7 4
Receipts and disbursements of Treasury 3 7 11
Intention to introduce Local Bills 3 7 15
Reports of Secretary of State Comptroller and
Treasurer 7 15 1
Proposed amendment to Constitution 13 1 1
Punishment of crime by whipping or banishment prohibited 1 1
For contempt by Courts limited 1 1 20
Not to be cruel or unusual 1 1 9
Purchase of State Bonds with sinking fund 7 14 1
Money homestead liable for 9 2 1
Purchaser of old Homestead how affected 9 8 1
Q
Qualification for Governor5 1 7
For Senator 2 5 1
For Representative 3 6 1
Each House to judge of as to its own members 3 7 1
Of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer 5 2 6
Judge Supreme and Superior Courts Solicitor and
AttorneyGeneral 6 14 11
County officers 11 21
Quarantine tax by county for expenses of 7 6 2
Quorum of each branch of Legislature is a majority 3 4 4
Of Supreme Court 6 2 1
R
Railroad may be incorporaed by Legislature 3 7 18
Freights and Tariff subject to legislation 4 2 1
May build branch roads free from conditions of 4 2 3
246
A S P
Shall not deceive public as to rates 4 2 5
See Corporations
Railway Street not to run in City without its consent 3 7 20
Rates of freight and passage subject to legislation 4 2 1
Public not to be deceived as to amount charged 4 2 5
Realty Homestead of 9 1 1
Rebate of rates charged by Railroad not allowed 4 2 5
Recognizance when Legislature may relieve from forfeiture of 3 7 19
Reelection Governor not eligible for four years after
two terms 5 1 2
Registration of Electors may be required by law 2 2 1
Rejection of nomination by Senate effect of 5 1 15
Of bill by Legislature effect of 3 7 13
Religious opinion civil and political rights not affected
by 1 1 13
Denominations not to receive money from State 1 1 14
Worship places of may be exempt from tax 7 2 2
Remittance of sentence in power of Governor 5 1 12
Of forfeited Charter only on conditions 4 2 3
Remonstrance and petition right of guaranteed 1 1 24
Removal of legislator from district vacates his seat 3 4 8
Of disabilities in power of Governor 5 1 12
Of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer 5 1 18
Of Justice of the Peace for malpractice 7 3
Of County Officers 11 2 1
From office effect of impeachment 3 5 5
Repeating law form of 3 7 17
Reports of Insurance Companies to the Governor 3 12 5
Of Treasurer and Comptroller to the Governor 7 15 1
Representatives election and term of 3 4 12
Qualification of 3 6 1
House of part of General Assembly 3 1 1
Number and apportionment of members of 3 3 1
Apportionment how changed 3 2 2
Reprensentatives House of Speaker of how elected 3 6 2
Clerk of conpensation and bond of 3 8 1
Impeaching power vested in 3 6 3
Local and Special bills must originate in 3 7 15
Appropriation and Revenue bills must originate in 3 7 10
Journal ofsee Journal
Representatation of Constitutional Convention apportionment of 13 1 2
247
A S P
Reprieve in power of Governor 5 1 12
Residence requisite to vote 2 1 2
Resignation of Governor who acts in case of 5 1 8
Resolutions of appropriation must be passed by yeas
and nays 8 7 12
Requiring Governors approval 5 1 17
Requiring a twothirds vote yeas and nays must be
recorded 3 7 21
Having effect of law result of rejection 3 7 13
Retroactive legislation prohibited 1 3 2
Returns of election of Legislators each House to judge
for itself 3 7 1
To whom made 2 6 1
Of Governor how made 5 14
Of Governor how published 5 1 1
Cf Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer 5 2 5
On ratification of Constitution 13 2 2
Revenue bills must originate in House of Representatives 3 7 10
Deficiencies of in State supplied by loans 7 3 1
Deficiencies of in County or City 7 7 1
And roads County Commissioners for 11 3 1
Rights not enumerated are not denied 15 1
Roads jurisdiction in Ordinary 6 6 1
Tax for keeping up by County 7 6 2
And revenue County Commissioners for 11 3 1
S
Sailor in U S Service not entitled to vote because not
stationed heret 2 1 2
Salary of Governor 5 1 2
Of Treasurer Secretary of State and Comptroller 5 22 34
Of Judges of Supreme and Superior Courts Attor
nay and SolicitorsGeneral 6 13 1
Of Judges of Supreme and Superior Courts how
changed 6 13 2
Of State School Commissioner 8 2 1
Sale of States property proceeds to go to public debts 7 13 1
Exemption from 9 1 1
Of Homesteads how affected 9 3 1
Of old Homestead heretofore made ratified 9 8 1
Savannah errors of City Court of corrected in Supreme
Court 6 2 5
Scire Facias writ of issued by Judge Superior Court 645
248
A S P
Schools Public how established by City or county 8 4 1
Public existing local system not affected 8 5 1
Not public may share school fund when 8 5 1
See Education
Seal Great use and design of 5 8 1
Search of persons houses and papers warrant for 1 1 18
Seconds in Duel on conviction disqualified for office 2 4 2
Secretary of State returns of election to be made to 2 1 9
Officer of Executive Department 5 11
Election of 5 2 1
Salary and Clerk hire of 5 2 3
Eligibility and Bond of 5 2 6
Perquisites to forbidden 5 2 7
Is keeper of Great Seal 5 3 1
Senate compensation and bond of 3 8 1
Governor compensation of 5 1 19
Securities on forfeited recognizances when relieved 3 7 19
Seizure of persons and papers provisions against 1 1 16
Seminaries of learning may be exempt from tax 7 2 2
Senate is a branch of General Assembly 3 1 1
Consists of 51 members 3 2 1
May propose amendments to appropriation and
revenue billsjjj 3 7 10
Impeachments to be tried before 3 5 3
Senate nomination rejected by effect of 5 1 15
President and Secretary ofSee President and Secretary
Senatorial Districts number composition and change of 3 2 123
Senators number not to be increased 3 2 3
Election and term of 3 4 12
Qualification of 3 5 1
Sentence commuted or remitted by Governor 5 l 12
Servitude involuntary except as punishment for crime
prohibited 1 1 17
Sessions of General AssemblySee General Assembly
Of Supreme Court 6 2 5
Of Superior Court 6 4 8
Of Justices Court 6 7 2
Setting aside Homestead laws to be provided for 9 4 1
Shares in one corporation not enough to be bought by
another to monopolize 4 2 4
249
A S P
Shows special tax on goes to educational purposes 8 3 1
Sinking fund provided for 7 14 1
Site of county how changed 11 1 4
Slavery forbidden 1 1 17
Social status of citizens not subject of legislation 1 1 18
Soldiers not to be quartered in private houses except when 1 1 19
Of U S not to vote on account of being stationed
here 2 1 2
Artificial limbs for maimed Confederates 7 1 1
SolicitorsGeneral term of office and duties of 6 11 12
Election by the Legislature 6 12 1
Salary of 6 13 1
Qualification of 6 14 1
Speaker of House of Representatives how elected 3 6 2
Must sign Acts 3 7 13
Per diem of 3 9 1
Acts as Governor when 5 1 8
Special law not to be enacted when provision is made
by general law 1 4 1
Changing general law in particular cases how passed 14 1
For benefit of corporation conditional 4 2 3
Election of Governor 5 1 9
See Local
Speech Liberty of not to be curtailed 1 1 15
State aid to corporations or persons in any manner prohibited 7 5 1
State aid by donation prohibited 7 16 1
To religious denomination prohibited 1 1 14
Printer office abolished 7 17 1
State School Commissioner election and term8 2 1
Statement of Treasurer to be published 3 7 11
Stockholder in corporation State county or city not
to be 7 56 1
Street railroad not to run in city without consent of
authorities 3 7 20
Suits may be brought by or against counties 11 1 1
Against State to test void or Confederate bonds
prohibited 7 11 1
See Venue
Superior Court is part of Judiciary 6 1 1
Jurisdiction of exclusive 6 4 1
250
P
A S
Jurisdiction of general and appellate 6 4 34
Jurisdiction of to issue extra writs 6 4 5
Appeal and new trials in 6 4 6
Appeal from Ordinary to 6 6 1
Appeal from Justices to 6 7 2
Sessions of 6 4 8
Judge one for each circuit and term of 6 3 1
Election of 6 12 1
Salary and qualification of 6 1314 1
May change venue when 6 17 1
May preside in Supreme Court when 6 2 2
May preside in City Court when 6 5 1
Appoints Notary Public exofficio Justice of the
Peace 6 8 1
Sanctions sale of Homesteads 9 38 1
Supplemental Homestead laws to be provided for 9 5 1
Supreme Court part of Judiciary 6 1 1
Constitution of 6 2 1
Jurisdiction sessions and practice 6 25 67
Cost in and paupers affidavit 6 21 1
Judges election and term 6 2 4
Judges election and vacancies how filled 6 12 1
Salary and qualifications of 6 1314 1
When disqualified in particular case 6 2 2
Suspension from office of Secretary of State Comptroller
and Treasurer 5 l 18
Tax to be paid before voting
Defaulters ineligible to Legislature
By County Ordinarys jurisdiction
By county or city to meet bonded indebtedness
By county or city for school purposes
By county limited to certain purposes
May be imposed by Legislature for what purpose Must be uniform ad valorem and by general law
On domestic animals of vicious nature
Exemptions from other exemptions void
Poll for educational purposes
Special for educational purposes
States power to impose not to be restrained
Of corporations not to be surrendered
2 1 2
3 4 7
6 6 2
7 7 2
8 4 1
7 6 2
7 1 1
7 2 1
7 2 1
7 2 24
7 2 3
8 3 1
4 1 1
7 2 5
251
A S P
To raise a Sinking Fund 7 14 1
Lien good against Homestead 9 2 1
Act authority of 12 1 3
Act must originate in the House 3 7 10
Telegraph Companies may be incorporated by Legislature 3 7 18
Terms of office of Governor 5 1 2
Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer 5 2 1
Judge of Supreme Court 6 2 4
Judge of Superior Court 6 3 13
Justice of the Peace 6 7 1
Ordinary 6 6 3
Attorney and SolicitorGeneral 6 1011 1
State School Commissioner 8 2 1
County Officers 11 2 1
Members of General Assembly 3 4 1
Testimony criminating himself witness not obliged to
give 116
Title law must not contain matter different from 3 7 8
To land cases involving where brought 6 16 2
To land cases involving jurisdiction in Superior
Court 6 4 1
Treason what is and how convicted of 1 2 2
Conviction of disfranchises 2 2 1
Pardon respite or commutation for 5 1 12
Treasurer election and term of office 5 2 1
Examination by Governor 5 1 18
Officer of Executive Department 5 1 1
Removal of 5 1 18
Perquisites not allowed 5 2 7
Fee other than salary not allowed to 5 2 5
Salary and Clerks hire of 5 2 2
Bond and qualification of 5 2 6
To receive deposits from Fire Insurance Companies 3 12 4
To make quarterly reports to Governor 7 15 1
And Governor authorized to loan Sinking Fund 7 14 1
Draw money from Treasury in what manner 3 7 11
Treaty force and authority of 12 1 1
Trial a speedy and impartial one is the right of defendant 1 1 5
By jury remains inviolate 6 18 1
Tribunals in the various counties to be uniform 11 3 1
Trustees of the people public officers are 1 1 1
252
A S P
The University of Georgia may accept donations etc 8 6 1
Families of minor children entitled to Homestead 9 1 1
U
Unexpired term of Governor special elections 5 1 9
Judges of Supreme Court 6 2 4
Judges Supreme and Superior Courts Attorney and
SolicitorGeneral 6 12 1
Uniformity required in operation of general laws 1 4 1
In county officers and tribunals 11 3 1
In courts of same grade 6 9 1
In taxationM 7 2 1
University of Georgia appropriation to 8 6 1
United States Constitution acts in violation of void 1 4 2
Treaties and laws authority of 12 1 1
Soldiers not entitled to vote for being stationed here 2 12
V
Vacancy in office of Governor 5 18
Judge of Supreme Court 6 2 4
Judge of Superior Court 6 3 2
Judge of Supreme and Superior Courts and Solicitor
General 6 12 1
Members General Assembly 5 1 13
Governor may fill when not otherwise provided 5 1 14
Validity of bonds not to be tried by Judge who is interested 6 2 3
Declared void by Constitution not subject to suit 7 11 1
Valuation of Homestead laws to be provided for 9 4 1
Venue in cases of divorce 6 16 1
Of land titles 6 16 2
Of Equity 6 16 3
Against joint obligors acceptors ndorser etc 6 16 45
Civil and criminal generally 6 16 6
Civil and criminal changed how 6 17 1
Verdicts judgments without when 6 4 7
First and second in divorce cases 6 15 1
Veto of Governor overruled by twothirds vote 6 7 23
Viva voce voting by General Assembly 3 10 1
Void bonds of State not to be paid 7 11 l
Volunteer companies organization of 10 1 2
Not paid unless called out by State 10 1 3
Vote by the people shall be by ballot 2 1 1
Who is entitled toOath of voter 2 1 2
253
A S P
Who is not entitled to 2 2 1
By General Assembly to be viva voce 3 10 1
Of twothirds being required yeas and nays must
be recorded 3 7 21
Of twothirds being required does not do away with
Governors approval 3 7 23
Of twothirds overrides Governors veto 3 7 23
Of General Assembly having effect of law submitted to Governor 5 1 17
Of General Assembly in elections must appear in
House Journal 3 10 1
W
Waiver of Homestead 8 3 1
Of old exemption 9 5 1
War bonded debt may be increased for purpose of 7 12 1
Debt of county or city for may be assumed by
State 7 8 1
Debt may be contracted to defend State in time
of 7 3 1
Quartering soldiers in house in time of 1 1 19
Tax to defend State in time of 7 1
Warrant for search how obtained 1 1 16
Ways private may be granted after compensation paid 1 3 1
Wearing apparel waiver of exemption on limited 9 3 1
Western Atlantic R R if sold proceeds how applied 7 13 1
Whipping as punishment for crime prohibited 1 1 7
White and colored public schools to be separate 8 1 1
Widows pensions provided for 7 l 1
Wifes property is her separate estate after marriage 3 11 1
Wild Land Clerk compensation of 5 2 4
Witnesses in criminal cases rights of defendants as to 1 1 5
Not compelled to criminate themselves 1 1 6
Two necessary to convict of treason 1 2 2
Worship of God may be according to conscience 1 1 12
Place of may be exempt from tax 7 2 2
Y
YEAS AND NAYS TO BE RECORDED IN JOURNAL
At request of onefifth 3 7 6
On appropriation bills and resolutions 3 7 12
When twothirds vote is required 3 7 21
On amendments to Constitution 13 1 1
254
INDEX TO STANDING RULES OF
Georgia House of Representatives
Prepared by W Cecil Neill of Muscogee County
ABSENTEES Rule No
Auditing Committee duty as to 134
Clerks duty as to 134
Roll call dispensed with when 133
ADJOURN MOTION TO
Committee of whole not in order in 119
Definite time debatable when 57
Effect when motion prevails 60
Motion not debatable 56180
Moton not amendable 56
Motion when in order 58
Motion when not in order 59
Precedence of motion 55
Shall not be made second time until when 56
AMENDMENTS
Constitutional time limit 151
Courtesy to speaker at time of 26
Effect of 60
Effect when hour of arrives when House acting under previous question 61
Effect when hour of arrives during vote by yeas and nays 61
Hour of fixed by House X 180
ADVERSE REPORT
Bills and resolutons adversely reported taken up when 41
Debate on final passage 72
Effect of on bills 48
AMENDMENTS
Applicable to an amendment 94
Bills or resolutions amended by sections 102
Bill perfected before caption or preamble 101
Bills perfected before substitute 96
Blanks must be filled 100
Clerks duty in amending by striking out and inserting 104
Committee of whole action on 126
Committee of whole what reported to House 132
Germane must be 103
255
Rule No
Motion to amend how made 94
Moton to commit amendable 92
Motion to postpone indefinitely not amendable 80
Motion to postpone to time definite amendable 85
Motion to table amendment not in order 62
Motion to table not amendable 68
Must be in writing I 98
Precedence of motion to amend 55
Priority of amendments 99
Priority of amendments to perfect part proposed to be
striken 105
Priority of over motion to agree or disagree 107
Priority of questions on Senate Amendments to H B 108
Priority of on passage of bill 188
Senate amendments to H B House amendment in order 106
Reconsidered when 113
Substitute is an amendment 95
When in order 188
When too late 97188
AMENDMENT TO CONSTITUTION
Submission to people 160
Convention called 161
APPEALS
From Speakers decision 5 8
Members may address House 11
No debate when of personal character 9
To be made at once 10
APPLAUSE
Speakers right to suppress 29
APPROPRIATIONS
General bill right of way 41
Governors power over 157
Considered in committee of whole 51
House must originate 144
ATTENDANCE
Call of House 136
Messengers duty 135
Power to compel 135136
Speakers duty 135
AUDITING COMMITTEE
Absentees duty as to 134
Accounts of members duty as to 195
256

Rule No
BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Amendments and substitutes bill first perfected 96
Amendments by sections 102
Amendments to Code sections 146
Amendments to passed on before those to caption or preamble 101
Approprations House must originate 144
Clerk to state number and author when reading 41
Clerk to call in order on calendar 41
Committee of whole how read 118
Committee reports favorable effect of 48
Committee reports unfavorable effect of 48
Committee reports order of precedence 53
Corporations laws relating to 148
Engrossment effect of 48
General appropriations what to embrace 150
General laws how changed 147
Governors approval necessary 158
Governors failure to return 157
Governors veto 157
Immediate transmission when 49
Introduction when 47
Printed when 50
Reconsideration effect of 114
Rejected when again considered 153
Relief of principals and sureties 149
Requirements for 52
Speakers duty to commit 48
Special laws prohibited when 147
Subjectmatter only one and expressed in title 145
Unanimous consent for reading 43
Withdrawal of when 48
Majorty necessary to pass 139
Debate none at first reading 48
Constitutional requirement as to reading 143
Reading of unanimous consent 43
Reading first no debate 48
Reading constitutional requirement 143
CALL OF HOUSE
Committee of whole not in order 119
Contempt refusal to vote on 14
When in order 14136
When not in order 77
257
CAPTION
Not considered until bill perfected 101
CHANGE OF VOTES
How done and when 191
CLERK
Absence of speaker and speaker pro tern duty of 7
Absentees duty of 134
Amendments striking out and inserting duty of 104
Bills and resolutions how read committee of whole 118
Bills and resolutions called in order from calendar 41
Bills and resolutions name and authors stated 41
Books duty to care for 171179
Call of counties Mondays Wednesdays and Fridays 40
Journal names not voting duty to enter 174
Oath of prescribed 170
CODE SECTIONS
Amendments to Constitutional requirements 146
COMMITTEES
Amendments by take precedence 188
Appointed by speaker 4198
Bills not to be interlined or defaced by 185
Chairmen Appropriation and Ways and Means ExOfficio
Members 198
Conference how constituted 187
Defaulting committee provision as to 199
Enlarged how 176
Failure of to report provision as to 199
Membership limited 197
Reports of order of precedence 53
Reports of required 199
Reports must be in writing 189
Rules committee how elected 4
Speaker exofficio member of Rules 4
Speaker to appoint certain committees 4198
COMMIT MOTION TO
Amended how 92
Applicable to what 8993
Committee of whole not in order II9
Precedence1 of as among other motions 55
Precedence of as among motoins to commit to different committees 90
COMMITTEE OF WHOLE HOUSE
Amendments by action by House 126
Amendments to amendments how reported to House 132
258
Rule No
Appropriation bills considered in 51
Bills read and debated by sections 118
Call of House not in order 119
Chairman appointed by Speaker 117
Chairman power to clear galleries or lobby 128
Debate how limited and closed 120
Disorderly conduct reported 127
Extension of time how secured 121
Formation of 117
House may resolve itself into when 116
Interlineation of bills or resolutions prohibited 185
Journal not show proceedings 130
Members shall vote 125
Motion to commit to precedence 90
Motion to rise report progress and ask leave to sit again 122
Papers called for 131
Proceedings how closed 122
Proceedings not reported in Journal 130
Procedure vthen business finished 129
Quorum not present procedure 124
Reconsideration in order 123
Reports of precedence 53
Rules applicable to and exceptions 119
Speaker may resolve House into when 115
Speaker may take part 125
Speaker chairman appointed by 117
CONSTITUTIONAL RULES
Adjournments limited 151
Amendments to Code sections 146
Amendments to Constitution 160
Appropriation Bills House must originate 144
Appropriation Bill General what to embrace 150
Appropriations Journal to show yeas and nays 141
Bills majority necessary to pass 139
Bills reading of 143
Bills rejected when again considered 153
Bills subjectmatter expressed in title 145
Bills only one subjectmatter permitted 145
Constitutional convention how called 161
Corporations power of General Assembly over 148
County sites how changed or removed 159
Date of meeting fixed 154
Elections by General Assembly 152
Expulsion of members twothirds vote necessary 155
259
Rule No
General laws how changed 147
General appropriation bill what to embrace 150
Governor failure to return bills 157
Governors signature when required 156158
Governors veto 157
House judges of election and qualification of members 155
Journal must show majority vote 139
Journal must show yeas and nays when required 140141142
Local and special bills notice required 163
Members power to punish misconduct of 155
Members oath of prescribed 138
Quorum defined 137
Relief of principals and sureties 149
Salaries of certain officers how changed i 162
Special laws prohibited when 147
Subjectmatter bills to contain but ond 145
Subjectmatter must be expressed in title 145
Veto of Governor 157
Yeas and nays required when 14014H42
Yeas and nays Journal to show on Apps 141
Yeas and nays Journal to show where twothirds vote required 142
CONTEMPT
Refusal to vote unless excused on call of House 14
CONTEST
Contestant and contestee to retire when vote taken 22
CONVERSATION
Prohibited 24
COUNTY SITE
How changed or removed 159
DEBATE
Adjournment decided without 180
Bills first reading no debate 48
Committee of whole regulated 119120
Committee happenings reference to out of order 27
Conversations reference to out of order 27
Conduct of members in 17
Individual speeches limited 17
Motion to adjourn not debatable 56
Motion to change rules not debatable 46
Motion to commit when debatable 91
Motion to change order of business not debatable 46
Moton to extend members time of speaking not debatable 17
Motion to excuse member from voting not debatable 34
260
f Rule No
Motion to indefinitely postpone debatable 80
Motion to instruct committee debate limited 199
Motion to postpone to time definite what debatable 87
Motion for previous question not debatable 71
Motion to read papers not debatable 33
Motion to suspend rules not debatable 46
Motion to table not debatable 68
Previous question decided affirmatively debate regulated 72
Priority of business not debatable 16
Roll call no debate during 30
Senate happenings reference to out of order 27
Yeas and nays decided without debate 181
DISPARAGING REMARKS
Members prohibited from 28
DIVISION
Duty of member calling for 37
Motion to excuse from voting to be made before 34
Right to call for 36
What not divisible 3839
DRAWING FOR SEATS
Regulated 200
ELECTION
House Judge of of members 155
Majority vote necessary 193
ENROLLMENT COMMITTEE
Duties of 172
EXCEPTION TO WORDS SPOKEN
Procedure 18
EXPLANATION OF VOTES
When allowed and time limited 32
EXPULSION OF MEMBERS
When 17155
DOORKEEPER
Duty as to enforcement of rule as to intoxicatiop 25
Duty as to messages 164
Speaker may suspend when i 12
GALLERIES
Applause to be suppressed 29
Committeeof whole chairman may clear 128
Speaker may clear 13
261
Rule No
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
Meets when 154
Session limited 154
GENERAL APPROPRIATION BILL
Constitutional provision as to what it shall embrace 150
Right of way in order of business 41
GENERAL LAWS
How changed 147
GENERAL TAX BILL
Right of way of V 41
GOVERNOR
Failure to return bill effect 157
Signature when required 156158
Veto 157
HOUR OF ADJOURNMENT
Fixed by House 180
IMMEDIATE TRANSMISSION TO SENATE
Twothirds vote necessary 49
INTOXICATION
Member denied floor while in state of 25
JOURNAL
Absentees shown on 134
Amendments to Constitution yeas and nays must be shown
on I 160
Appropriation of money yeas and nays shown 141
Committee duty to read 178
Committee of whole proceedings not shown 130
Majority on passage of bills must be shown 139
Names those not voting shown on 174
Yeas and nays to be shown140141
LAUDATORY REMARKS
Prohibited in Nominations 28
LOCAL BILLS
Constitutional requirement as to reading 143
Constitutional requirement as to notice 163
Introduction when 47
Reading of third time and put on passage by unanimous
consent 43
262
Rule No
MAIN QUESTION
Effect as to when votes had on motion for previous question 1717274
Minority report time allowed for debate 75
Motion to table supersedes when 70
Reconsideration of 71
When ordered call of House 77
When ordered vote how taken 73

MAJORITY
Bill majority vote necessary to pass 139
Elections majority vote necessary 193
Quorum majority necessary 137
MEMBERS
Adjournment duty of at 26
Arrest subject to when 135136137
Attendance of compelled when 135136137
Books and papers duty as to 179
Called to order for transgressing rules 17
Changing votes how and when 191
Committee of whole right to speak 119
Committee of whole duty to vote 125
Conduct in debate 17
Conversation and smoking prohibited 1924
Debate how often to speak 17
Debate individual speeches limited 17
Debate references to conversations happenings in committee and Senate prohibited 27
Decorum of 17242627
Designation of members mode of 20
Exceptions to words of procedure 18
Expulsion of when15517
Interrogating mode of 21
Intoxication denied floor when in sate of 25
Introduction of bills number limited 40
Introduction of bills name and county to be endorsed 52
Laudatory remarks in nominations 28
Member speaking duty of while 26
Misconduct in house and committee of whole155127
Motion may make one at a time 31
Motion must resume seat while being put 31
Motion prohibited from making nondebatable when 35
Oath of prescribed 4 138
Protests of proceedings 23
263
Rule No
Retire when required to 22
Seats drawing for 200
Vote shall not when interested I 22
Vote shall exception B4125
MEMORIALS
Manner of presentation 168
MEETING OF HOUSE
Adjournment fixed by House 10
Time of meeting for daily sessions 180
Constitutional provision 154
MINORITY REPORTS
How made 189
Main question ordered privilege first signer 75
MESSAGES
How sent announced received and considered 165
MESSENGER
Arrest of members 135136
Exofficio sergeantatarms 135
Intoxicated member enforcement of rule 25
General duties i 183184
Speaker may suspend when 12
MOTIONS
Information from executive department lie on table 190
Nondebatable prohibited when 35
One at a time only 31
Order of priority 55
Order of business motion to change not debatable 46
Order of business motion to change vote necessary 54
Read papers motion to decided without debate 33
Rules motion to change or suspend vote necessary 44
Rules motion to change or suspend how submitted424546
Seconding of unnecessary 175
Special orders motion to make how substituted 42
Strike out and insert motion to not divisible 39
Unprivileged to lie on table 173
Withdrawn how 167
NEW MATTERS
Call of counties by clerk 40
General bills limited to one a day 40
Information from executive department to lie on table 190
Motion unprivileged containing lie on table 173
Unanimous consents for 43
264
Rule No
NOMINATIONS
Laudatory remarks prohibited 28
OATHS
Of clerk prescribed 170
Of members prescribed 138
ORDER OF BUSINESS
Changed how 4445
Motion to change not debatable 46
Motion to change vote necessary 4454
Priority of established 196
Rules committee to fix during last seven days 54
PARLIAMENTARY LAW
Applicable when 194
PETITIONS
Considered when 166
Manner of presentation m 168
PREAMBLE
Not considered until resolution perfected 101
PRECEDENCE OF MOTIONS
Established 55
PREVIOUS QUESTION
Adjourn motion not in order after affirmative votes on 71
Adjournment effect arrival hour of House acting under 61
Affirmative votes result 71727475
Applicable to what 76
Call of House not in order after ordered except when 77
Call for sustained motion to table in order 70
Exhausted must be before matters of words excepted to
be decided 18
Precedence of motion 55
POSTPONE
Applicable to what definite and indefinite 8188
Committee of whole motion to definitely postpone not in
order 119
Debate motion to indefinitely postpone debatable but not
amendable 80
Definitely postpone motion to amendable 85
Effect of affirmative action on motion to indefinitely postpone 79
265
Rule No
Effect of affirmative action on motion to postpone to time
definite 84
Effect of negative action 84
Indefinitely motion to when not applicable 81
Impossible day motion to postpone to treated how 86
Indefinitely motion to not renewable 82
Precedence of motion 55
PRIVILEGE
Motion without to lie on table 173
Personal privilege 192
Questons of what constitutes 192
PRIVILEGES OF FLOOR
Who entitled to 177
PRINTING OF BILLS
When ordered 50
PROTESTS OF MEMBERS
Procedure 23
QUALIFYING PARAGRAPH
Not a divisible question 38
QUORUM
Constitutional definition 137
READING OF PAPERS
House determines by vote 33
RECONSIDERATION
Amendments when reconsidered 113
Bills notice of motion when given 109
Bills notice not to be withdrawn when 110
Committee of whole motion in order 123
Effect of on bills 114
Main question ordered motion in order to reconsider 71
Motion in order but once on same subject matter Ill
Motions when in order 112
REMONSTRANCES
Manner of presentation 168
REPORTS OF COMMITTEES
Committees may report by bill or otherwise 169
Order of precedence of 53
266
Rule No
ROLL CALL
Explanation of votes on 32
Debate none during 30
How dispensed with 133
Speaker may order when 15
RULES
Motion to suspend or change decided without debate 46
Suspended or changed how 444546
RULES COMMITTEE
Constituted and elected how 4
Effect of failure to report 45
Order of business fixed by during last seven days 54
Report of in order when 169
Special orders and motions to suspend rules duty to report
on 4245
SALARIES
Constitutional provision as to changing 162
SEATS
Drawing for regulated 200
SERGEANTATARMS
Call oi House duty of 136
Messenger is exofficio 135
SIGNATURE OF SPEAKER AND CLERK
When required 182
SILENCE
Members to preserve when 19
SMOKING
Prohibited 24
SPEAKER
Absence of Speaker pro tern to preside 7
Adjournment members to remain until Speaker retires 26
Appeals from decision of 891011
Appeals from decision of to be made1 at once 10
Appeals from decision of no debate when 9
Appointment of committees by 4198
Appointment of chairman of Committee of Whole 117
Appointment of Conference Comipittee 187
Attendance power to compel 135
Business priority of decided without debate 16
267
Rule No
Chairman Committee of Whole appointed by 117
Committees appointed by 4198
Committee of Whole may resolve House into when 115
Committee of Whole assumes chair when 122
Committee of Whole receiving chairmans report 129
Committee of Whole right to take part in 125
Courtesy of members to at adjournment 26
Doorkeeper Speaker may suspend 12
Galleries may be cleared by 13
Interrogation of members conducted through 21
Irrelevant debate power to suspend 1
Members Speaker may name to preside 6
Members courtesy due by at adjournment 26
Method of stating question by 5
Quorum duty of when no quorum voting 1415
Recognition of members decided by 3
Recognition of members for unanimous consent 43
Rules Committee Speaker exofficio member 4
Silence commanded1 byy when 1
Suspension of officers 12
Vote Speaker required to when 2
SPEAKER PRO TEM
Absence of Speaker duty to preside 7
Absence of Speaker duty to preside 7
elect 7
SPECIAL COMMITTEE
Priority of motion to commit in 90
SPECIAL LAWS
Notice required 1 163
Prohibited when 147
SUBJECTMATTER
Bills to contain but one and expressed in title 145
SUBSTITUTE
Amendment is 95
Bill perfected before substitute 96
Motion to table not in order 62
SUSPENSION OF RULES
How accomplished 444546
TABLE MOTION TO
Amendment or substitute motion to table not in order 62
Amendment motion to table not subject to 68
Application pf what can be laid on table 69
268
Rule No
Committee of whole motion not in order v 119
Debate motion to table not debatable 68
Effect when motion to table prevails A 64
Effect when motion to take from table prevails 6365
Effect when motion to take from table prevails where measure tabled after roll call i 06
Executive department information called from tabled one
day 190
Main question motion to table in order after motion for previous question sustained 70
Main question motion to table not in order after House has
voted that main question shall be now put 70
Motion to take from when in order 63
Previous question motion to table in order after call for sustained 70
Previous question motion to table not in order after main
question ordered 70
Renewal of motions to table and take from when 67
Roll call motion not in order until completion 66
TWOTHIRDS VOTE NECESSARY WHEN
Amendments to Constitution 160
Constitution Convention 161
County Site changed or removed 159
Expulsion of members 155
Governors veto overridden 156157158
Prolongation of session 156
UNANIMOUS CONSENTS
Limitation and regulation of 43
YEAS AND NAYS
Adjournment effect when hour of arrives during vote by 61
Amendments to Constitution 160
Changing votes after call of 191
Committee of whole vote not taken by 119
Explanation of votes when vote taken by 32
Excuse from voting motion must be made before roll call
begins 34
Journal to show when 140141142
Journal to show names not voting 174
Motion to table when in order when vote taken by 66
Required when 73140141142
Speaker may order when no quorum voting 15
269
GA
MB