Manual of the General Assembly, 1888

WKKM
MANAL
OF THS
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
1553
Prepared imdBr Jpint jRasalutinn pf tlia Sanata and Hpusb pf RaprBSBntativBS
GENERAL UBRARY University or Georgi Athewb Geowia
ATLANTA GA
W J CAMPBELL STATE PRINTER
1888

Executive Department
State of Georgia
JOHN B GORDON Governor
James W Warren
T V Secretaries
James T Nisbet J
W H Harrison Clerk Ex Department
J M Kell AdjGen andKPB and G
Nathan C Barnett Secretary of State
Wm A Wright Comptroller General
Robert U Hardeman Treasurer
Clifford Anderson Attorney General
James S Hook State School Commissioner
John T Henderson Commissioner of Agriculture
John R Towersprin Keeper Penitentiary
Willis F Westmoreland Prin Physician Penitentiary
GENERAL LIBRARY
tPNivERSiTY of Georgia
AtWEWS Georci a
MEMBERS AND OFFICERS OF
the SENATE OK GEORGIA 188889
President
Fleming G du Bignon First District Savannah President Pro Tempore
James M DuPree Thirteenth District Montezuma Secretary
Wm Augustus Harris Isabella
Assistant Secretary
Henry H Cabaniss Atlanta Journalizing Clerk
J T Taylor Atlanta
Calendar Clerk
W E Candler Blairsville
Message Clerk
John D Little Columbus
Enrolling ana Engrossing Clerks
H C Peeples Atlanta
W L Sykes Sumner
J B Hudson Preston
D P Hill Dallas
R P Trippe Jr Forsyth
James C Allan Bellton
Messenger
John D McLeod Lumber City Doorkeeper
L J Allred Jasper
Assistant Doorkeeper
G G Ford Isabella
6
First DistrictChatham Bryan and Effingham FLEMING G du BIGNON Savannah
Second DistrictLiberty Tattnall and McIntosh
S D BRADWELL Hinesville
Third DistrictWayne Pierce and Appling
S R HARRIS Jessup
Fourth DistrictGlynn Camden and Charlton
A G GOWEN Traders Hill
Fifth DistrictCoffee Ware and Clinch
F C FOLKS Waycross
Sixth DistrictEchols Lowndes and Berrien WILLIAM ROBERTS Lois
Seventh DistrictBrooks Thomas and Colquitt JAMES VICK Moultrie
Eighth DistrictDecatur Mitchell and Miller
J S CLIFTON Colquitt
Ninth DistrictEarly Calhoun and Baker
C B WOOTEN Leary
Tenth DistrictDougherty Lee and Worth
C A ALFORD Willingham
Eleventh DistrictClay Randolph and Terrell
M C EDWARDS Springvale
Twelfth DistrictStewart Webster and Quitman
W W FITZGERALD Florence
Thirteenth DistrictSumter Schley and Macon
J M DuPREE Montezuma
Fourteenth DistrictDooly Wilcox Pulaski and Dodge
T J RAY p Drayton
Fifteenth DistrictMontgomery Telfair and Irwin
M HENDERSON Minnie
Sixteenth DistrictLaurens Emanuel and Johnson
CL HOLMES 1 Dublin
7
Seventeenth DistrictScreven Bulloch and Burke
J W JOHNSON Scarboro
Eighteenth DistrictRichmond Glasscock and Jefferson T C GIBSON Agricola
Nineteenth DistrictTaliaferro Greene and Warren T E MASSENGALE Norwood
Twentieth DistrictBaldwin Hancock and Washington ROBERT WHITFIELD Milledgeville
Twentyfirst DistrictTwiggs Wilkinson and Jones
L D HANNON Jeffersonville
Twentysecond DistrictBibb Monroe and Pike C L BARTLETT Macon
Twentythird DistrictHouston Crawford and Taylor
B W SANFORD Everetts Station
Twentyfourth DistrictMuscogee Marion and Chattahoochee W O JOHNSON Columbus
Twentyfifth DistrictHarris Upson and Talbot
B H WILLIAMS Hamilton
Twentysixth DistrictSpalding Butts and Fayette JOHN I HALL Griffin
Twentyseventh DistrictNewton Walton Clarke Oconee and
Rockdale
JAMES R LYLE WatkinsviUe
Twentyeighth DistrictJasper Putnam and Morgan
T P GIBBS Madison
Twenty ninth DistrictWilkes Columbia McDuffie and Lin
coin
J E STROTHER Lincolnton
Thirtieth DistrictOglethorpe Madison and Elbert
AO HARPER Elberton
Thirtyfirst DistrictHart Habersham and Franklin W R LITTLE Carnesville
Thirtysecond DistrictWhite Dawson and Lumpkin WEIR BOYD Dahlonega
8
Thirtythird DistrictHall Banks and Jackson
W S McCARTY Jug Tavern
Thirtyfourth DistrictGwinnett DeKalb and Henry GEORGE H JONES Norcross
Thirtyfifth DistrictFulton Cobb and Clayton
F P RICE Atlanta
Thirtysixth District Campbell Coweta Meriwether and
Douglas
LEVI BALLARDPalmetto
Thirtyseventh DistrictCarroll Heard and Trourn E R SHARPE Carrollton
Thirtyeighth DistrictPolk Paulding and Haralson
E W Y ALLGOOD Embry
Thirtyninth DistrictMilton Cherokee and Forsyth
A J JULIAN Woolleys Ford
Fortieth DistrictUnion Towns and Rabun
J W FOSTER Hiwassee
Fortyfirst DistrictPickens Fannin and Gilmer DAVID GAREN Ellijay
Fortysecond DistrictBartow Floyd and Chattooga
J W HARRIS Jr Cartersville
Fortythird DistrictGordon Murray and Whitfield
S E FIELDS Trickum
Fortyfourth DistrictWalker Dade and Catoosa
I B McCOLLUM Trenton
ERRATA
Add the name of Mr Whitfield to the Committee on Education
Substitute the name of Mr Gibbs for that of Mr Gibson on Committee on Petitions
Add the following Rule 17
Nor shall any Senator interrupt another by question or suggestion while he is upon the floor without first obtaining his consent thereto and for this purpose a Senator desiring to propound a question or make a suggestion must rise in his place and address the President
Read Mr McCullum in place of Mr Boyd on Special Judiciary Committee
Standing Committees
OF THE SENATE
JUDICIARY
Mr Hall Chairman
DuPree Messrs Whitfield
Little Harris of tl
Strother Bartlett
Harris of the 3d Boyd
Wooten Shannon
Lyle
SPECIAL JUDICIARY
Mr Harris of the 42d Chairman
Shannon Messrs McCarty
Boyd Sharpe
Lyle Sanford
Strother Henderson
FINANCE
Mr Bartlett Chairman
Massengale Messrs Sanford
Fitzgerald Henderson
Julian Williams
Harper Bradwell
Ray McCollum
Gibson Holmes
Fields Allford
Rice Folks
10
STATE OF THE REPUBLIC Mr Strother Chairman
Messrs Henderson
McCollum
Gowen Roberts Bradwell
Messrs Sanford Wooten Garen Julian
ON HALLS AND ROOMS
Mr Sanford Chairman
Messrs Jones
Roberts
Messrs Harper Hall
ENGROSSING
Mr Shannon Chairman
Messrs Garen Messrs Gibbs
Clilton McCarty
ENROLLMENT
Mr Henderson Chairman
Messrs Julian Messrs Jones
Massengale Edwards
Folks
PRINTING
Mr Sharpe Chairman
Messrs Johnson of the 24th Messrs Fields
Massengale Harris of the 42d
11
AUDITING
S
Mr Ray Chairman
Messrs Johnson of the 17th Messrs Roberts
Rice Harper
JOURNALS
Mr Massengale Chairman
Messrs Shannon Messrs Harris of the 3d
Whitfield Strother
ACADEMY OF THE DEAF AND DUMB Mr Folks Chairman
Messrs Johnston of the 17th MeSssrs Vick
Gibbs Ballard
Sanford Allgood
Henderson Massengale
Sharpe
LUNATIC ASYLUM
Mr Johnston of the 17th Chairman
Messrs Gibbs Folks Clifton Gibson Foster Whitfield
Messrs Williams
Ray
Garen
Gowen
Edwards
Johnson of the 24th
ACADEMY OF THE BLIND
Mr Gibbs Chairman
Messrs Folks Messrs Garen
J ohnston of the 17th Bartlett
Gowen McCollum
12
IMMIGRATION AND LABOR Mr Fitzgerald Chairman
Messrs Allford Sanford Sharpe Williams Messrs Gowen Ballard Vick Fields
STATE LIBRARY Mr Lyle Chairman
Messrs DuPree McCarty Messrs Wooten Little
mines And mining
Mr Boyd Chairman
Messrs Allgood McCollum Gibson Messrs Julian Gowen Foster
MILITARY AFFAIRS Mr Gibson Chairman
Messrs Gowen McCollum Ray Strother Messrs Holmes Fitzgerald Allford
PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR Mr Harper Chairman
Messrs V Folks Holmes Messrs Clifton Gibson
13
PETITIONS 7 1
Mr Foster Chairman
Messrs Vick Messrs Sanford
Gibson Williams
Gowen
BANKS
Mr Johnston 24th Dist Chairman
Messrs Holmes Messrs Wooten
Harris 42nd Dist Massengale
Fitzgerald Bartlett
Allford
TEMPERANCE
Mr Julian Chairman
Messrs Holmes Messrs Gibbs
Henderson S Johnston 17th Dist
Boyd Roberts
Jones
PUBLIC PROPERTY
Mr Little Chairman
Messrs Rice Messrs Williams
Fields Vick
Sanford Allgood
Holmes Ballard
Julian
AGRICULTURE
Mr Ballard Chairman
Messrs Fitzgerald Gibson
Harper Ray
Jones
Edwards
Allgood
Williams
Roberts
14
Wooten
Bradwell
Harris 3d Dist Johnson 24th Dist Rice
PUBLIC SCHOOLS
Mr Bradwell Chairman
Messrs McCarthy Edwards Gibson Foster Clifton
Messrs Massengale McCollum Garen
Hall
EDUCATION
Mr McCarty Chairman
Messrs Edwards J ulian Bradwell F oster
Messrs Harris of 3d Dist Boyd
Vick
CORPORATIONS
Mr Rice Chairman
Messrs Harris of the 42d Strother
Sharpe
DuPree
Messrs Fields
Edwards
Jones
Hall
INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS
Mr Edwards Chairman
Messrs Clifton Messrs Roberts
Allgood Holmes
Sharpe Ballard
Vick Allford 15 Garen Johnston of the 17th RAILROADS
Mr Wooten Chairman
Messrs Little Foster Lyle Fields Rice Messrs DuPree Shannon Harris of the 3d Gibbs Clifton PENITENTIARY
Mr Whitfield Chairman
Messrs Lyle Jones Harper Ray Little Gowen Messrs Foster Fitzgerald McCullum McCarty Sanford Holmes
PRIVILEGES AND ELECTION
Mr Harris of the 3rd Chairman Messrs Sharpe Messrs Clifton
Williams Lyle
Bartlett Shannon Allgood Folks
COMMITTEE ON RULES President Chairman by Resolution
Messrs Hall Wooten Messrs Bartlett Fitzgerald

1

RULES OF THE SENATE
THE PRESIDENT
Rule i The President shall in his discretion suspend irrelDiscretion evant debate and command silence whenever he may deem it dent81 needful
Rule 2 In all cases of election by the Senate the President when
President
shall vote In other cases he shall not vote unless the Senate shall vote shall be equally divided or unless his vote if given to the minority will make the division equal and in case of such equal division the question shall be lost But in all cases where a fixed constitutional vote is required to pass the bill or measure under consideration and said bill or measure shall lack Pnly one vote to pass the same the President may vote
Rule 3 When two or more Senators shall rise at thefatorto
same time the President shall name the Senator entitled to pro Adeemed0
ceed by the
President
Rule 4 All committees shall be appointed by the President president
unless otherwise ordered by the Senate t0 appoint
committees
Rule 5 The method of stating a question or any motion by B 2 HWj J J Method of
the President shall be as follows All m favor of the motion will stating a
say Aye Those opposed will say No And when a decision President may seem doubtful to the President or a division of the Senate is called for by any one member of the Senate the President shall call upon the Senators in favor of the motion to rise and after a count is had by the Secretary he shall call upon the Senators to reverse their positions and the President shall announce the result
Rule 6 The President may during a days sitting name any President Senator to perform the duties of the Chair during any part ofnltordo that sitting but no longer preside
Rule 7 Whenever from any cause the President shall be Duty of absent the President pro tempore shall preside and if both shall whenresbe absent the Secretary of the Senate shall call the Senate to sent18 ab order and shall preside until a President pro tempore shall be elected which said election shall be the first business of the Senate The President pro tempore thus elected shall preside
20
until the returp of one of the first named officers when his functions shall cease
when no Rule 8 On all appeals on questions of order of a personal appeals character there shall be no debate
Rule 9 All appeals from the decision of the Chair shall be hmldat made immediately and no appeal shall be in order after other once business has intervened from the time of the alleged error of the Chair and before said appeal is sought to be made
Power Of Rule 10 The President shall have power to suspend the mesto suspend senger and doorkeepers for misconduct or neglect of duty and inateoffi when such suspension has been made he shall report the same cers to the Senate within twentyfour hours thereafter for such action as the Senate may see fit to take in the premises
President Rule M The President shall have power to cause the galleries iferieser and lobbies of the Senate cleared by the messenger and doorciearedbieS keepers in case of disturbance or disorderly conduct therein and to cause any person or persons so offending to be arrested and brought before the bar of the Senate to be dealt with for contempt of the Senate
No quorum Rule 12 When less than a quorum vote on any subject under tv of presi consideration by the Senate the President may order the bar of the Senate to be closed and the roll of Senators called by the Secretary and if it is ascertained that a quorum is present either by answering to their names or by their presence in the Senate and if any Senator present then refuses to vote unless excused such refusal shall be deemed a contempt of the Senate When Rule 13 The President may at any time order the roll called
mafordeV on any question and take the vote by yeas and nays where a hryeasind division of the Senate discloses the fact that a quorum of the nays Senate has not voted
Decision on Rule 14 All questions as to the priority of business to be ofriority acted on shall be decided by the President without debate
ON DECORUM AND DEBATE
Conduct of Rule 15 When any Senator is about to speak in debate or in debate deliver any matter to the Senate he shall rise from his seat and respectfully address himself to Mr President He shall be confined to matter in debate shalRnot speak more than twice on any subject or more than once until every member choosing to speak shall have spoken If any Senator in speaking or otherwise transgress the rules of the Senate the President
21
shall call him to order in which case the Senator so called to order shall immediately sit down unless permitted to explain The Senate shall if appealed to decide and if the Appeals decision of the Senate be not submitted to the delinquent for the first offense shall be reproved for the second fined in a sum not exceeding ten dollars and continuing refractory may be expelled from the Senate by a twothirds vote of the Senators which said vote shall be taken by ayes and nays sruiSei47
Rule 16 If any Senator be called to order for words spoken Exception the words excepted to shall be taken down in writing by the spexn8 Secretary and read then admitted denied or explained by the Senator who spoke and thereupon the question of order shall be decided and such other proceedings had as the Senate may deem proper in regard thereto But no Senator shall be held to answer or be subject to the censure of the Senate for words spoken in debate if any other Senator has spoken or other business has intervened after the words were spoken and before the exception to them was taken
Rule 17 The members of the Senate shall forbear from priSllencevate conversation arid preserve silence until a speaking Senator shall have taken his seat
Rule 18 The Senators shall avoid naming each other when Mode of dcs
7 ignating
they may have occasion to take notice of their observations but Senators may designate them by the district they represent
Rule 19 No Senator shall vote upon any question in the shall not i r i 1 1 z vote when I
result oi which he is personally interested and m every case interested
where the seat of a Senator is being contested the sitting Senator and the contestant shall both retire from the Senate before the vote is taken
Rule 20 An Senator may enter a protest in writing against Protests the action of the Senate said protest shall clearly and succinctly set forth the grounds of such protest and shall not be argumentative nor arraign nor impugn the motive of the Senate nor any member thereof
Rule 21 No Senator shall pass between the Chair and a Duty while Senator while he is1 speaking nor shall any Senator at the time speaking8 of adjournment leave his seat until the President retires ournment
22
Matters transpiring in Senate Committees and private conversation not to be referred to
Applause and bisses forbidden
No debate during yeas and nays
Only one motion can be made at a time
Explana
tion
Beading of papers
Motion to excuse when made Excuses from voting
Call for a division
Division bow made
Bills and resolutions called in order
Rule 22 No Senator shall in debate refer to any private conversation had with another Senator or to any matters which have transpired in any committee or in the Senate
Rule 23 Applause or hisses in the Senate chamber or in the galleries or lobby during any speech or legislative proceedings shall be promptly suppressed
Rule 24 During the calling or reading of yeas and nays on any question no debate shall be had
Rule 25 No Senator can make more than one motion at a time and while the motion is being put to the Senate he must resume his seat and he is not further entitled to the floor unless again recognized by the President
Rule 26 No Senator having asked and obtained leave of the Senate to explain his vote on any question before the Senate shall be allowed more than ten minutes for such explanation unless said time is extended by a vote of the Senate
Rule 27 When the reading of any paper is called for and the same is objected to by any Senator it shall be determined by a vote of the Senate and this motion shall be decided without debate
Rule 28 A motion to excuse a Senator from voting must be made before the Senate divides or before the call of the yeas and nays is commenced and it shall be decided without debate except that the Senator making the motion may briefly state the reason why in his opinion it ought to prevail
DIVISION OF A QUESTION
Rule 29 Any one Senator may call for a division of the question on a subject in which the sense thereof will admit of it
Rule 30 The Senator calling for a division must state into how many and definitely what parts he would have the question divided Each part of the divided proposition must be so distinct that if taken away the remainder can stand by themselves and be consistent and entire
BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Rule 31 All bills and resolutions shall be called in the order in which they stand on the calendar and before reading any
23
bill or resolution the second or third time the Secretary shall distinctly state its number and the name of the Senator by whom introduced
Rule 32 No debate shall be admitted upon any bill at the on ffrs11 first reading and the question shall be Shall this bill be comreadingmitted xr engrossed In case of engrossment the entry
thereof shall be made by the Secretary and the bill shall not be amendable thereafter unless subsequently committed Effect
In cases where the report of a committee is favorable tofayorable pjif f report of
the passage of a bill the same shall be read a second time committee
and passed to a third reading without question Where the report of a committee is adverse to the passage of a bill on the
second reading thereof the question shall be on agreeing to the Adverse rer 1 Rll Tf r 1 I port of com
report or the committee If the report of the committee lsmittee
agreed to the bill shall be lost If the report of the committee
is disagreed to the bill shall be passed to a third reading unless
recommitted Any bill may be withdrawn at any stage thereof withdravra
by consent of the Senate
Rule 33 No bill or resolution shall be transmitted to the
House on the day of the passage thereof unless a majority f majority a
the Senators present shall so order vte
Rule 34 No bill shall be printed until after the same has been Bils when
printed
reported to the Senate by the committee to which it has been referred or by request of said committee and the order of the Senate agreeing thereto
Rule 35 All bills and resolutions shall be written or printed Bills and and shall have the name of the Senator introducing the same to he in as well as the district he represents endorsed on the back ofW ltmg the same and in the case of bills the caption of the bill shall dorsed also be endorsed on the same
Rule 36 Where a bill or a resolution has been referred and Reports of reported by more than one committee or has been reported on tees border and recommitted to the same committee the last committee re f action port shall be acted on by the Senate
PRECEDENCE OF MOTIONS
Rule 37 When any subject is before the Senate for considerorder of
f prGC6d6nc6
ation or under debate no motion shall be received exceptthe following towit
24
ist A motion to adjourn
2nd A motion to lay on table
3rd A motion for the previous question
4th A motion to postpone indefinitely
5th A motion to postpone to a day certain
6th A motion to commit
7th A motion to amend
Which said several motions shall have precedence in the order named
MOTION TO ADJOURN
Not debatable when may be renewed
When debatable
When
made
When not to order
Effect of ad joumment
Hour of ad journment What business postpones
Rule 38 A motion to adjourn is in no instance debatable nor shall said motion be made a second time until further progress has been made in the business before the Senate
Rule 39 A motion to adjourn to a particular day or for a particular time is debatable
Rule 40 The motion to adjourn can be made at any time when the Senator moving it can legitimately obtain the floor
Rule 41 A motion to adjourn may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the Senate has voted that the main qustion shall be now put no motion to adjourn is in order nor shall any motion to adjourn be in order after the Secretary has called the first name of the yeas and nays and a vote of qne Senator has been given or after a division of the Senate has been had on a vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced
Rule 42 When a motion to adjourn in its simple form prevails it adjourns the Senate to the next sitting day or time in course
Rule 43 Whenever the hour of adjournment as fixed by a prior resolution shall arrive while the vote of the Senate is being taken by the yeas and nays the session shall continue untiTthe final vote is taken and announced and if said fixed hour of adjournment shall arrive while the Senate is acting on the main question after a motion for the previous question has been sustained and before the vote on the main question is being taken either by a division or by the yeas and nays as aforesaid the Senate shall stand adjourned by virtue of said prior resolution

25
MOTIONS TO LAY ON THE TABLE
Rule 44 No motion to lay an amendment or substitute on menyor the table shall be in order 1 cannotibe
Rule 45 A majority of a quorum voting may take from thewed nta table at any time when the Senate is not engaged on any other tersmaye measure any bill resolution or other paper which has been table from ordered to lie on the table
Rule 46 A motion to lay on the table or to take from when re the table can be renewed from time to time when new businewed ness has intervened between the votes
Rule 47 Neither the motion to lay on the table nor the mo debata i 11 ble or
tion to take from the table are debatable or amendable amendable
Rule 48 Nothing can be legitimatelyjaid on the table except What can ing what can be taken up again
Rule 49 Amotion to lay on the tablemay be made after when in the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the Senate has voted that the main question shall be now put no motion to lay on the table is in order
THE MOTION FOR THE PREVIOUS QUESTION
Rule 50 The motion for the previous question shall beEffet f decided without debate and shall take precedence of all other question motions except motions to adjourn or to lay on the table and when it is moved the first question shall be shall the call for the previous question be sustained If this be decided by a majority vote in the affirmative the motion to adjourn or to lay on the table can still be made but they must be made before the next question towit Shall the main question be now put is decided in the affirmative and after said last question is affirmatively decided by a majority vote said motions will be out of order and the Senate cannot adjourn until the previous question is exhausted or the regular hour of adjournment arrives
Rule 51 When the previous question has been ordered the Twenty Senate shall then proceed to act on the main question without debatlfaidebate except that before the main question is put twentylowed minutes shall be allowed to the committee whose report of the bill or other masure is under consideration to close th debate
Where the report of the committee is adverse to the passage of the bill or other measure the introducer of the bill shall be
26
allowed twenty minutes before the time allowed to the commit tee for closing the debate
The Chairman of the Committee or the introducer of the bill or other measure may yield the floor to such Senators as he may indicate for the time or any part of it allowed under this rule
Aote how Rule 52 After the main question is ordered any Senator may call for a division of the Senate in taking the vote or may call for the yeas and nays
Effect of Rule 53 The effect of the order that the main question be tionUieing now put is to bring the Senate to a vote on pending questions ordered orjer jn which they stood before it was moved
Reconsid Rule 54 After the main question has been ordered no motion whenhi to reconsider shall be in order until after the vote on the main order question is taken and announced
contested Rule 55 n cases of contested election where there is a election majority and a minority report from the committee on privileges and elections if the previous question is ordered there shall be twenty minutes allowed to the member of said committee whose name is first signed to said minority report or to such member or members as he may indicate for the time so allowed or any part of it before the twenty minutes allowed to the chairman submitting the majority report
How called Rule 56 The previous question may be called and ordered dered upon a single motion or an amendment or it may be made to embrace all authorized motions or amendments and include the entire bill to its passage or rejection
Call Of the Rule 57 A call of the Senate shall not be in order after the wheri in previous question is ordered imless it shall appear upon an actual count by the President that a quorum is not present
Questions Rule 8 All incidental questions of order arising after a of ordsr
motion is made for the previous question and pending such
motion shall be decided whether on appeal or otherwise without debate
MOTION TO INDEFINITELY POSTPONE
Effect Rule 59 When a bill resolution or other measure is under
consideration on the final reading thereof a motion to indefinitely postpone if decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum thereby disposes of said bill resolution or other measure for the session
27
Rule 60 The motion to indefinitely postpone lays open the Not amenwhole question for debate but it cannot be amended
Rule 61 While the motion to indefinitely postpone takes when canprecedence over a motion to postpone to a day certain or to applied commit or amend yet this motion cannot be applied to said motions nor can it be applied to incidental questions suclras questions of order reading of papers withdrawal of a motion and suspension of a rule
Rule 62 No motion to indefinitely postpone shall be renewed Not
J Jr 1 renewed
on any bill resolution or other measure after the same has once
been voted down
MOTION TO POSTPONE TO A DAY CERTAIN
Rule 63 On a motion to postpone to a day certain it is notlenaW in order to debate the merits of the question proposed to be aiiwed postponed Debate may be allowed but it shall be confined strictly to the proposition to postpone and to show why one day is preferred to another
MOTIONS TO COMMIT
Rule 64 Motions to commit may be made to refer a bill Motion to resolution or other measure to a standing or special committee
Rule 65 A motion to corhmit to a standing committee takes Precej dence of
precedence over a motion to commit to a special committee
and shall be first voted on
Rule 66 On a motion simply to commit no debate shall be when allowed but where instructions are added the merits of the question can be debated
Rule 67 A motion to commit may be amended by adding nded instructions or by substituting another committee for the one named by the Senator making the motion
Rule 68 Any proposition that has been referred to any Motion to recommit
committee either standing or special may on motion be
recommitted to the same or any other committee by a majority
of a quorum
28
MOTIONS TO AMEND
Amend Rule 69 There are three ways in which a proposition may ments how
made be amended towit
1 st By inserting or adding words
2nd By striking out words
3rd By striking out and inserting words
An amendment is itself subject to be amended in all three of the ways above mentioned but it is not admisgable to amend an amendment to an amendment
Bill first Rule 70 When a bill or resolution is before the Senate for then the consideration and amendments are pending thereto and a subsubstitute sttute LjjH be offered for said bill or resolution and an amendment shall be offered to said substitute it shall be in order for the Senate to first perfect the original bill or resolution and then perfect the substitute The question shall then be on agreeing to the substitute as amended if it be amended and if decided in the affirmative the question shall be Shall this bill pass or resolution be adopted as the case may be by substitute
When too Rule 71 An amendment can not be offered after the report amend of 1 committee to whom was referred the bill or resolution under consideration has been agreed to by the Senate unless said action of the Senate in so agreeing to said report of said committee shall first bereconsidered
Must he in Rule 72 All motions to amend any matter before the Senate
writmg mugt ke jn writing and must plainly and distinctly set forth the amendment desired and the part of the bill or resolution where said amendment shall be inserted or added
Priority Rule 73 On all questions whether in committee or in the Senate the last amendment the most distant day and the largest sum shall be first put
Blanks Rule 74 Where blanks occur in any proposition they must
be filed first before any motion is made to amend
Caption Rule 75 The caption or preamble of a bill or resolution shall
when not be considered or amended until the measure has been peramended
fected
Amending Rule 76 When a proposition consisting of several sections
hy sections resolutions is on a final reading and the Senate shall agree
to a motion to consider the same by sections or paragraphs the Secretary in reading the same shall pause at the end of each sec
29
tion or resolution and the amendments thereto shall be offered as the several sections or resolutions are read but the amendments offered by the committee to whom said bill or resolution was referred shall be read by the Secretary without any motion being made in the Senate and when a section or resolution shall have been considered it is not in order to recur back and amend it
Rule 77 Where a motion is made to amend by striking outAmendand inserting the Secretary shall read the paragraph as it is then striking7 the words to be stricken out and finally the whole paragraph as sertingd in it would be if amended
Rule 78 When a motion is made to amend by striking out a Priority of paragraph any amendment offered to perfect the paragraph ment to shall be put first before the question is put for striking it out perfect
Rule 79 When any bill or resolution which originated in the Amending Senate has been amended in the House and is before the Senate endfor action on the House amendment an amendment may bements offered in the Senate to the House amendment but the Senate amendment to the House arqendment cannot be further amended ee rae it must be agreed to or voted down
Rule 80 A motion to amend an amendment made by the PriorityHouse to a Senate bill or resolution takes precedence of a motion to agree or disagree to said amendment
Rule 81 The questions which arise before the Senate re Priority of
specting amendments by the House to a Senate bill or rsolu on House
firm am amend
uon are ments
i st A motion to agree to the House amendment
2nd A motion to disagree to the House amendment
3rd A motion to recede from its disagreement or amendment
4th A motion to insist on its disagreement or amendment
5th A motion to adhere to its disagreement or amendment
They take precedence in the above order y
RECONSIDERATION
Rule 82 When the Journal of the preceding day shall be MotioIH read it shall be in the power of any Senator to move for a reconsideration of any matter therein contained except such matter has been previously reconsidered Provided such Senator shall notify the Senate oi his intention to move such reconsideration at any time before the Journal is confirmed
30
Shall not be withdrawn when
When there may be one reconsideration
When in order
Amendments when reconsidered
Place of Calendar
Morning roll call dispensed with by majority vote Name of absentee noted
Power to compel attendance
Seargeant
atArms
Call how ordered Subsequent proceedings
Rule 83 The notice of a motion to reconsider shall not be withdrawn after the time has elapsed within which it might originally have been made
Rule 84 No matter shall be reconsidered more than once
Rule 85 Motions for reconsideration shall be in order immediately after the confirmation of the Journal on the day succeeding the action sought to be reconsidered except that any matter which could not be reconsidered on the succeeding day shall be in order for reconsideration on the day of said action
Rule 86 The action of the Senate upon an amendment may be reconsidered at any time before final action upon the section bill or resolution to which it relates
Rule 87 All bills reconsidered shall take their place at the foot of calendar of bills then in order for a third reading
ABSENTEES
Rule 88 The rollcall at the opening of each session of the Senate shall not be dispensed with except by majority vote of the members present
Rule 89 Upon the call of the Senators ordinary and extraordinary the names of the abseentees shall be noted by the Secretary and shall appear upon the Journal
COMPELLING ATTENDANCE
Rule 90 The power to compel the attendance of Senators in order to keep or secure a quorum shall be vested in the President and to this end he may have the doors of the Senate closed When the doors are so closed no Senator shall be allowed to retire from the Senate without first obtaining leave from the Senate
The Messenger of the Senate shall be exofficio SergeantatArms of the Senate and on order of the President may arrest any absentees and bring them before the Senate when necessary to secure a quorum as aforesaid
CALL OF THE SENATE
Rule 91 Whenever the result of a vote taken shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the Senate is present or when the President shall officially state the fact to the Senate it shall be in order for any Senator to make a motion for a call of the Senate and when this motion is made the President shall state the ques
31
tion as follows Shall the motion for the call of the Senate prevail and if five of the Senators present shall vote in the affirmative the President shall order the Secretary to call the roll of Senators and the absentees shall be noted the doors shall then be closed after which the names of the absentees shall again be called over and those who do not appear and who are absent without leave may by the order of the majority of the Senators present be sent for and arrested wherever they may be found by officers to be appointed by the Messenger for that purpose and their attendance secured and the Senate shall determine upon what conditions they shall be discharged
MISCELLANEOUS RULES
Rule 92 When a message shall be sent to the Senate it Messages shall be announced at the door of the Senate by the Doorkeeper and be respectfully communicated to the Chair by the person through whom it may be sent
Rule 93 Messages may be received at anytime while the Messages door is open except while a question is being put or a ballot wived and or a viva voce vote is being taken A message shall be preCnS1 ered sented to the Senate by the President when received or afterwards according to its nature and the business in which the Senate is engaged or its consideration may on motion be ordered by the Senate
Rule 94 After a motion is stated by the President or read by Motions the Secretary it shall be deemed to be in the possession of the Senate but may be withdrawn at any time before the decision by consent of the Senate
Rule 95 Any member presenting a petition memorial orPetitionSj remonstrance shall as concisely as practicable intimate the morias name and object of the petitioner memorialist or remonstrant which shall be noted on the Journal arid the paper may then be referred without reading
Rule 96 Any motion tosuspend the rules or change theNo debate order of business shall be decided without debate
Rule 97 Any motion not privileged containing new matter Motions shall lie at least one day on the table privileged
Rule 98 Whenever on any question the yeas and nays shall Record have been ordered the Secretary shall also enter on the Journal the names of those members not voting
32
Notneces Rule 99 Where a motion is made by any Senator it shall Kid not be necessary that the same shall be seconded before being motion pUj the Senate
Commit Rule 100 After the announcement of the standing commitamlwhen tee no other Senators shall be placed thereon unless it be at enlarged the request of a majority of the committee to be added thereto
except when Senators have been elected to fill vacancies caused
by death or otherwise the President may assign said Senators to such committees as he may see fit and he may fill any vacancy in chairmanships
Privileges Ruie 1Q1 No person shall be allowed to enter upon the floor of tne floor 1
of this Senate except the Senators and officers thereof the
officers and members of the House the Governor of the State and the heads of the offices of the Executive Department exGovernors Judges of the Supreme and Superior Courts in actual commission expresiding officers of the Senate and House and such others as the Senate may allow upon recommendation of the committee on the privileges of the floor
Duty Of Rule 102 It shall be the duty of the Committee on Journals onoumaisto read the Journal of each days proceedings and report to the Senate that the same is correct before the Journal is read by the Secretary
Adjourn Rule 103 The hour to which the Senate shall stand adjourned every day shall be 10 oclock a m of the succeeding day except Sunday unless otherwise ordered by the Senate
Motion for xue 1Q a motion for the call of the yeas and nays shall
yeas and
nays not be decided without debate
debatable A
Rule 105 All writs warrants and subpoenas issued by order
ofpeaker Gf e Senate shall be signed by the President and attested by
and Clerk
the Secretary
Rule 106 It shall be the duty of the Messenger to attend to messenger the wants of the Senate while in session to aid in the enforcement of order under the direction of the President to execute the demands of the Senate from time to time together with all such processes issued under its authority as may be directed to him by the President
Rule 107 The Messenger under the direction of the Secretary shall superintend the distribution by the Pages of all docuMessengers ments and papers to be distributed to the members he shall
distribut distribute to the members the usual and necessary stationery ingdocu 1 A
ments etc required by them
33
Rule 108 No Committee shall deface or interline a bill resolution or other paper referred to aid committee but shall bidden report any amendments recommended on a separate paper noting the section page or line to which said amendments relate 4
Rule 109 No pairing of members shall be recognized or Pairing allowed as an excuse for not voting
Rule no Whenever any Senator moves that a Committee Committee of confer
of Conference on disagreeing votes of the two Houses naming ence
the number of members be appointed if said motion prevails
the President shall appoint a committee on the part of the Senate
and in such case the committee shall consist only of such Sena
tars as voted in the majority on the position assumed by the
Senate and if by inadvertence any Senator be nominated on
said committee who was not in said majority vote he shall
notify the Senate and be excused by the President
Rule hi After commitment of a bill and report thereof to Amendthe Senate it may be amended before the report of the committee is agreed to by the Senate but the amendments if any reported by the committee shall be disposed of before any other amendment be considered unless it be an amendment to a committee amendment
Rule 112 No motion on a subject different from that under Motion consideration shall be admitted under color of amendment If a motion be made to strike out part of a bill or resolution a motion to amend the part proposed to be stricken out shall be first in order
Rule 113 All reports of a committee shall be in writing and Majority I and minor
the minority of a committee may make a report in writing set ity reports
ting forth succinctly the reasons for their dissent
Rule 114 Every motion to alter the rules of the Senate orwbatmo
v tionslieon
for information from the Executive or Departments shall lie on table
the table one day
Rule 115 On the call oi the yeas and nays the Secretary shall ging redd the names of the Senators after they have been called and no Senator shall be permitted to change his vote unless he at that time declares that he voted under a mistake of the question
Rule 116 Questions of privilege shall be first those affectQuestions j of privilege
ing the rights of the Senate collectively its safety dignity and
Elections

34
the integrity of its proceedings second the rights reputation and conduct of Senators individually in their representative capacity only and shall have prececence of all other questions except a motion to adjourn
Rule 117 In all elections a majority of the Senators present shall be necessary to a choice
Rule 118 Anyone of the foregoing Rules maybe suspended by a twothirds vote of a quorum
COMMITTEES
Rule 119 The President shall appoint the following standing committees
General Committee on Judiciary for consideration of general bills
Special Committee on Judiciary for consideration of special or local bills
Committee on Finance
Committee on Corporations
Committee on Railroads
Committee on State of the Republic
Committee on Internal Improvements
Committee on Agriculture
Committee on Privileges and Elections
Committee on Petitions
Committee on Enrollment
Committee on Journals
Committee on Military Affairs 1 Committee on Banks
Committee on Education
Commiitee on Public Schools
Committee on Deaf and Dumb Asylum
Committee on Blind Asylum
Committee on Lunatic Asylum
Committee or Penitentiary
Committee on Auditing
Committee on Public Printing
Committee on Immigration and Labor
Committee on Temperance
Committee on Public Property
Committee on Public Library
Committee on Privileges of the Floor
35
Committee on Mines and Mining
Committee on Engrossing
Committee on the Hall and Committe
Committee on Rules of which the President shall be exofficio Chairman
ORDER OF BUSINESS
Rule 120 The following shall be the order of business
1 Prayer by the Chaplain
2 Call of the roll
3 Reading the Journal
4 Confimation of the Journal
5 Motions to reconsider
6 Unfinished business
7 Presentation of petitious
8 Reports of standing committees
9 Reports of select committees
10 Messages from the Governor
11 Messages from the House of Representatives
12 Introduction of bills the first time on Mondays Wednesdays and Fridays of each week
13 Consideration of bills adversely reported from committee oft Tuesdays and Thursdays of each week
14 Reading of bills second time favorably reported from committee Mondays and Saturdays of each week
1 r5 Motions and resolutions
16I Special orders
17 General orders but messages from the Governor and House of Representatives and reports from the Committee of Enrollment may be received under any order of business
Rule 121 When any question arises which is not provided Questions for m the foregoing Rules the same shall be controlled by thedrrules usually governing parliamentary bodies
37
RULES
FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE SENATE IN EXECUTIVE SESSION f
1 When nominations shall be made by the Governor to the Senate a future day shall be assigned for their consideration unless the Senate directs otherwise
2 When acting on Executive business the Senate shall be cleared of all persons except the Senators the Secretary and Assistant Secretary
3 All information or remarks touching or concerning the character or qualifications of any persons nominated by the Governor for office shall be kept secret
4 The Legislative and Executive proceedings of the Senate shall be kept in separate and distinct books
5 All nominations approved by the Senate or otherwise
definitely acted on shall be transmitted by the Secretary to the Governor with the determination of the Senate thereon from day to day as such proceedings may occur but no further extract from the Executive Journal shall be furnished published or otherwise communicated during any session except by special order of the Senate and in transmitting the determination of the Senate thereon the Secretary shall in no instance furnish a list of the names of Senators voting in the affirmative or negative but only the fact of confirmation or rejection and the numerical vote and the record of votes shall be sealed and transmitted to the Secretary of States office there to be placed on file
RULES
FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY WHEN ASSEMBLED IN JOINT SESSION
1 The time of the meeting of the two houses in joint session shall be determined by the concurrent resolution of the Senate and House of Representatives except where provided by law
2 At the hour determined by the concurrent resolution the Senate shall repair to the Hall of the House of Representatives
3 The President of the Senate shall preside and announce that the General Assembly is in joint session and cause to be read the resolution convening the same He shall put all questions to the body and decide all questions of order An appeal may be taken from any of his decisions to the Whole General Assembly
4 The Speaker of the House shall sit on the left of the President of the Senate
5 In announcing a candidate the mover shall not make any commendatory or other remarks
6 In the elections by the General Assembly no member after having voted shall be allowed to change his vote unless he will rise and state in his place that he voted by mistake or that his vote has been recorded by mistake
7 No debate shall be in order except as to questions of order
8 No motion to adjourn shall be in order In lieu thereof there shall be the motion to dissolve the joint session which shall be in the form That the joint session of the General Assembly be now dissolved or That the joint session of the General Assembly be now dissolved to be reconvened at a time named The latter motion shall have precedence of the former
39
9 The motion to dissolve the joint session either indefinitely or until a fixed time shall always be in order except that after the call of the roll has commenced it shall not be in order until after the result of said vote shall have been declared by the President of the Senate
10 When a motion to dissolve the joint session shall be decided in the negative the same shall not again be in order until other business shall have intervened
11 When a motion to dissolve the joint session either indefinitely or to a fixed time shall be becided in the affirmative the President of the Senate shall so declare and the Senate shall without further motion immediately repair to the Senate Chamber
12 A majority of each house shall be necessary to constitute a quorum of the joint session
These rules may be amended by the concurrent resolution of the two houses and they or either of them shall cease to be in force when either house shall notify the other house of the withdrawal of its consent to the same
OFFICERS AND MEMBERS
OF THE
House of Representatives
OFFICERS
OF THE
House of Representatives
1888
A S CLAY of Cobb
MARTIN V CAL YIN of Richmond MARK A HARDIN
CHAS P HANSELL
A B HARRISON
J B SMITH of Coffee
MOSES MARTIN ef Gwinnett I
Speaker Speaker pro tem
Clerk Assistant Clerk Journal Clerk Messenger Doorkeeper
MEMBERS
OF THE
House of Representatives
alphabetical
Albritton M L Alderman J A Allred E W Alexander Eobt Arnold O H Arnheim Louis Atkinson A Atkinson J M Atkinson W Y Bates M M Bell G L Berner E L Boone K L Brady Wright Brewton J B Brown T W M Bush C C Buxton JST A Callaway L IT Calvin M Y Campbell E L Candler C M Caritherg H A Carleton J IT Chambliss S C Champion David Chew J C
Georgetown Hempstead Tates Thomasville Lexington Albany Jackson Harlem ITewman Spring Place Cumming Forsyth Gainesville Americus Eeidsville Buchanan Colquitt Girard Millidgeville Augusta Eudora Decatur Monroe Mountville Macon Doles Lawtonville
44
Clark A B Clement G A Clifton Wm Coggins J N Collier J T Crenshaw B P Crowdey J T Daniel W H Davie F T Davis W H Davis P W DeLacy J F Dennard J A Dogden J A Duggan I W Dugger B C Ewing J W Fain T W Felton W H Fleming W H Flynt S J Foute A M Francis W B Frazer Jas Fricks N A Gallaway J N Gamble R L Gholston J P Gilbert S P Glenn W C Goodman If B Gordon W W Griffin E S Gunter 1 L Hardage T J Hall F W Halliday G R Ham T C Hand J L
Reedy Springs Nor cross Savannah Bellton Yienna Cuthbert Forsyth Franklin Flowery Branch Waynesboro Elberton Eastman Abbeville Alpharetta
Linton
Blue Ridge
Rome
Nacoochee Cartersville Augusta Sharon Cartersville Davisboro High Shoals
Martin
Monroe Louisville Gholston Columbus
Dalton
Nashville Savannah Jeffersonville Whitehouse Powder Spring Dahlonega Lumpkin Statenville Pelham
45
Harper W H Harrell J D Harrell I B Hart J C Heery J H Herrington A Hill H W Hill E Y Hobbs J H Holtzclaw B H Holden A E Hood Z W Hooks W W Howell Clark Humpreys W S Humphries J B Huey J M Hunt James Huff W A Hyers Henry Jenkens J F JenkinsE Johnston H L Johnson W W Johnson G W Johnson J L Johnson Bichard Jones P W Jones Samuel E Jones J P Kimble J F Kendrick W C King J F Jr Kitchens Seaborn Knight Levi J Lamar J B Lang Alex Latham J H Lawson T G
Carrollton Bainbridge
Preston
Union Point
Clyde
Swaynesboro Greenville Washington Thomson
Perry
Yisage
Harmony Grove Leesburg Atlanta Quitman Halcyon dale Douglasvillle Binggold dead
Macon
Patterson Chipley Wrightsville Palmetto Bobley Lithonia Borne Clinton Hewton Kartah Whitesburg Cotton Hill Dawson
Jesup
Gibson Valdosta Augusta Tarboro Orange Eatonton
46
Lewis R H
Lofley S T Mathews H Mattox J P Maxwell S McArthur A G McDonald W A McDaniel W Gr McCalla A C McCook J C F Mclnnis D A McIntyre A T Fr Mclver S A Means J W Mitchell J H Mobley R B Montgomery Y Morgan Y H Morris O T Murray A C Mustin W R Olive J T Oliver Gr D ONeil J F Patk J B Sr Patterson R W Peacock F S Perry J P Postell Jas Rankin W R Rawls Morgan Reid R A Reilly Peter Speer T J Simmons E G Sims John Sims W M SingletoD F P Skelton J H
w Sparta Oglethorpe Fort Yalley Homerville Talbotton McArthur Waresboro Bowden Conyers Cusseta Minnie Thomasville Arcadia Mean sville Zebulon Hamilton Howard Cochran Dallas Ellaville Madison Lexington Blakely Atlanta Greenesboro Macon Harrison Ellijay Brunswick Calhoun Guyton Eatonton Savannah Social Circle Americus Lincolnton Washington Butler Hartwell
47
Smith C L
Smith W E
Smith W T
Smith J A
Snead John
Snelson A J
Stokes J J
Tanner Elijah
Tarver A E
Tatum G W M Taylor G M
Thurman B F
Tigner G Y
Turner J W
Tyson C M
T witty J FTI
Tuck H C
Yandever M D
Yeazey T J
Yenable W H
Walker J Y
Ward W B
Warren Madison
West H S
Whitaker T H Williams B T Williams W J
Williams A J
Wright B F Mr Speaker A S Clay
Morgan
Attapulgus Buford Irvinton Wolseyville Warm Spring Folkston Douglas Bartow Trenton Dixon Lafayette Columbus Borne Darien J efferson Athens Tallulah Norwood Atlanta Blairsville Jonesboro Parrish Clarkesville LaGrange Hazlehurst Temperance Thomaston Fish Marietta
MEMBERS
OF THE
By Counties with their PostOffice
COUNTIES NAME POSTOFFICE
Appling B T WilliamsHazlehurst
Baker P W Jones Newton
Baldwin L N Callaway Milledgeville
Banks J N CogginsBellton
BartowW H Felton Cartersville
Bartow A M Foute Cartersville
BerrienI B Goodman Nashville
BihbW A Huff Macon
BibbR W Patterson Macon
BibbS C ChamblissMacon
BrooksW S Humphreys Quitman
BryanJ H Heery Clyde
Bulloch Madison WarrenParrish
Burke N A Buxton Girard
Burke W H Davis Waynesboro
Burke J C Chew Lawtonville
Butts Alex Atkinson Jackson
Calhoun C L SmithMbrgnn
Camden Alex Dang Tarboro
Campbell H L JohnstonPalmetto
Carroll W G McDanielBowden
Carroll W H HarperCarrollton
Catoosa Representative dead
Charlton J J Stokes
Folkston
II
COUNTIES NAME
Chatham W W Gordon
Chatham Peter Reilly
Chatham Wm Clifton Chattahoochee J C F McCook Chattooga Samuel E Jones Cherokee J H Latham
Clarke H C Tuck
Clay J F Kimble
Clayton W R W ard
ClinchJ P Mattox
Cobb T J Hardage
Cobb A S Clay
CoffeeElijah Tanner
Columbia J M Atkinson
ColquittJ A Alderman
CowetaW Y Atkinson
Coweta i if J P Jones
Crawford W W Johnson
Dade G W M Tatum
DawsonG M Taylor
DecaturW E Smith
DecaturJ D Harrell
DeKalb G W Johnson
DeKalbC M Candler
DodgeJ F DeLacy
DoolyJ T Collier
Dougherty Louis Arnheim
Douglas J M Huey
EarlyG D Oliver
EcholsT C Ham
Effingham Morgan Rawls
ElbertP W Davis
Emanuel t Alfred Herrington
FafminBenj C Dugger
FayetteJno Snead
FloydJ W Turner
Floyd J W Ewirig
FloydJ L Johnson
POSTOFFICE
Savannah Savannah Savannah Cusseta Kartah Orange Athens Cotton Hill Jonesboro Homerville Powder Springs Marietta Douglas Harlem Hemstead Hewnan Whitesburg Robley Trenton
Dixon
Attapulgus Bainbridge Lithonia Decatur Eastman Yienna Albany Douglasville Blakely Statenville Guyton Elberton Swainsboro Blue Ridge Woolseyville
Rome
Rome Rome
Ill
COUNTIES NAME POSTOFFICE
ForsythG L BellCumming
Franklin H A Fricks Martin
FultonClark Howell Atlanta
Fulton W H Tenable Atlanta
Fulton J F OHeil Atlanta
GilmerJ P PerryEllijay
Glascock Seaborn Kitchens Gibson
GlynnJas Postell Brunswick
GordonW R RankinCalhoun
GreeneJ C HartUnion Point
GreeneJB Park SrGreensboro
Gwinnett W T SmithBuford
Gwinnett G A Clement Horcross
Habersham H S WestClarkesville
Hall F T DavieFlowery Branch
HallK L BooneGainesville
Hancock Ivy W Duggan Linton
Hancock R H LewisSparta
Haralson T W M Brown Buchanan
Harris J F Jenkins Chipley
HarrisR B Mobley Hamilton
HartJ H Skelton Hartwell
HeardW H Daniel Franklin
HenryI L GunterWhite House
Houston H A Mathews Fort Talley
Houston R H Holtzclaw Perry
IrwinD A MclnnisMinnie
Jackson Z W HoodHarmony Grove
Jackson J H Twitty Jefferson
JasperE L CampbellEudora
Jefferson A E Tarver Bartow
Jefferson R L Gamble Louisville
Johnson E Jenkins Wrightsville
Jones Richard Johnson Clinton
LaurensA B ClarkReedy Springs
Lee W W Hooks Leesburg
Liberty S A Mclver colArcadia
Lincoln Jno SimsLincolnton
IY
COUNTIES NAME POSTOFFICE
Lowndes L J Knight Yaldosta
Lumpkin F W HallDahlonega
MaconS T LofleyOglethorpe
MadisonJ P GholstonGholston
MarionY MontgomeryHoward
McDuffie J H HobbsThompson
McIntosh C M TysonDarien
Meriwether A J SnelsonWarm Springs
Meriwether H W Hill Greenville
MillerC 0 BushColquitt
Milton J A DodgenAlpharetta
MitchellJ L HandPelham
Monroe J T Crowder Forsyth
MonroeE L Berner Forsyth
Montgomery A G McArthurMcArthur
Morgan W E MustinMadison
MurrayM M BatesSpring Place
Muscogee G Y Tigner Columbus
Muscogee S P Gilbert Columbus
NewtonT J SpeerSocial Circle
Oconee James Frazer High Shoals
Oglethorpe J T Olive Lexington
Oglethorpe O H ArnoldLexington
Paulding O T Morris Dallas
Pickens E W Allred Tate
Pierce Henry HyersPatterson
Pike J W MeansMeansville
Pike J H MitchellZebulon
PolkB F Wright Fish
Pulaski Y H Morgan Cochran
Putnam T G LawsonEatonton
PutnamE A Eeid Eatonton
QuitmanM L AlbrittonGeorgetown
EabunM D YandeverTallulah
Eandolph B P Crenshaw Cuthbert
Eichmond M Y CalvinAugusta
Eichmond J E Lamar Augusta
Eichmond W H Fleming Augusta
y
COUNTIES NAME POSTOFFICE
Eockdale A 0 McCallaConyers
SchleJ0 MurrayEllaville
ScrevenJ E HumphriesHalcyon dale
SpaldingEepresentative dead
Stewart G E Halliday Lumpkin
SumterE G Simmons Americus
SumterWright BradyAmericus
Talbots MaxwellTalbotton
Taliaferro S J FlyntfSharon
Tatna11J B Brewton Eeidsville
TaylorF P Singleton Butler
TelfairW J WilliamsTemperance
Terre11W C HendrickDawson
ThomasAr T McIntyre Jr Thomasville
ThomasEobert AlexanderThomasville
TownsA F Holden r Visage
TrouPT H WhitakerLaGrange
Troup J ET Carleton Mountville
E S GriffinJeffersonville
non J Y WalkerBlairsville
P80nA J Williams Thomaston
Walker B F ThurmanLaFayette
Walton H A CarithersMonroe
WaltonJ ET GallawayMonroe
Ware W A McDonald waresboro
Warren T J Veazey Warrenton
Washington W B Francis Davisboro
Washington F S Peacock Harrison
WneJ King Jr Jesup
WebsterD B HarrellPreston
T W Fain Kacoochee
Whitfield W C Glenn Dalton
WcoxJ A Dennard Abbeville
Wilkes E Y Hill Washington
Wilkes W M SimsWashington
Wilkinson J A Smith Irwinton
Worth David ChampionDoles
Committees of the House
ADDENDA
The following members have been added to committees since the list was published
To Committee on Banks Mr McIntyre of Thomas Mr Mathews of Houston
To Committee on Railroads Mr Ewing of Floyd
Standing
OF THE HOUSE
ACADEMY FOR THE BLIND Mr West Chairman
Sims of Lincoln Morris
L vers
Jenkins of Johnson Johnson of Crawford Tner
errington
Olive
Brady
Harrell of Webster Humphries of Screven Gamble
Chambliss
Tanner
AGRICULTURE Mr Brady Chairman
Park
Jones of Baker Williams of Upson Harper
Calvin
Maxwell
Duggan
Hart
Rawls
McCook
Smith fof Decatur Snelson
Halliday
Sims of Lincoln Jones of Coweta
Campbell
Alderman
Brewton
Mobley
Davis of Burke Morris
Montgomery
Kimble
Jenkins of Johnson Clark
Collier
Atkinson of Butts Hardage
Hill of Wilkes Clement
52
Crowder
Reid
Chambliss
Arnpld
Carleton
Buxton
Gholston
Alexander
Francis
Mitchell
Means
Griffin
Murray
Smith of Wilkinson Tarver
Veazey
Twitty
Williams of Telfair
Johnson of DeKalb Johnson of Crawford Warren
Taylor
Vandever
Dennard
Hobbs
Holden
Champion
Ham
Hooks
King
Knight
Lang
Snead
Stokes
M elver
appropriations
Mr Gordon Chairman
Felton
Arnheim
Harrell of Decatur Huff
Mathews
Hand
Rankin
Morgan
Sims of Lincoln McIntyre
Hall
Lofley
Perry
Boone
Brewtou
Smith of Wilkinsoir McDaniel
Crowder
Twitty
Carithers
Crenshaw
Carleton
Venable
Collier
Callaway
Hill of Wilkes
McDonald
McArthur
53
Fleming
Hart
Reid
Jones of Coweta Davis of Burke
Smith of Gwinnett Speer
Thurman
Heery
AUDITING
Mr Huff Chairman
McArthur Hall
Humphries of Screven Griffin
Callaway Huey
Snelson Chambliss
BANKS
Mr Harrzll of Decatur Chairman
Simmons Bates
Hill of Wilkes Skelton
Reilly
Buxton
Callaway
Davie
Ward
ONeill
Atkinson of Butts Johnson of Floyd Carithers
Flint
Posteli
CORPORATIONS
Mr Lawson Chairman
Glenn
Hill of Meriwether Rawls
Fleming
Coggins
Bush
Mobley
McArthur
Bell
Hood
Whitaker
Gilbert
Johnson of Floyd Daniel
Boone
Patterson
Dodgen
Davis of Elbert Hyers
COUNTIES AND COUNTY MATTERS
Mr Hill of Merriwether Chairman
Albritton Brady
Smith of Gwinnett Alexander
Chambliss Johnson of Jones
Lewis Alderman
Lang Candler
Kitchens Taylor
DEAF AND DUMB ASYLUM
Mr Ewing Chairman
Wright Brady
Humphreys of Brooks Gunter
Johnston of Campbell Dugger
McCook Alderman
Ward Allred
V eazey Brown
Tatum Stokes
Singleton Peacock
Goodman
EDUCATION
Calvin
Duggan
Harper
Holtzclaw
Tuck
McCalla
Mr Candler Chairman
Flynt
Thurman
Mustin
Jones of Chattooga Twitty
Davis of Burke
55
Smith of Decatur Johnson of Jones Ewing
Francis
Carleton
Howell
Oliver
Mclver
Walker
Williams of Telfair McDonald
McDaniel
Sims of Wilkes
Alexander
Fricks
Maxwell
Campbell
Huey
Frazer
Gholston
Tyson
Mattox
ENROLLMENT Mr Duggan Chairman
Foute
Goodman
Mattox
Flynt
King
Tigner
Davis of Burke McDaniel
Bell
Sims of Wilkes Herrington
EXCUSES

Mr Williams
Tarver
Tatum
Williams of Appling Gholston
Frazer
Kimble
Montgomery
Davie
Mustin
Fricks
Jones of Chattooga McCalla
Huey
Tuck
Hart
Holtzclaw
Walker
OF MEMBERS
of Upson Chairman
Hyers
Holden
Morris
Montgomery
Smith of Decatur
56
GENERAL JUDICIARY
Mr Berner Chairman
Atkinson of Coweta ONeill
Glenn Ewing
Lawson Clifton
Simmons Daniel
Foute Holtzclaw
Gamble Johnson of Jones
Olive Sims of Wilkes
Lamar Fleming
Candler Bell
Hill of Meriwether Lewis
Patterson Mattox
DeLacy Mustin
Tuck Herrington
Whitaker Gilbert
Humphreys of Brooks Bush
Davis of Elbert Humphries of Screven
McCalla
HALLS AND ROOMS
Mr Wright Chairman
Williams of Appling Tyson
Arnold Thurman
Knight Collier
Singleton
HYGIENE AND SANITATION
Mr Sims of Lincoln Chairman
Kendrick Wright
Johnston of Campbell Morgan
Goodman Singleton
Gallaway Gunter
Latham
57
IMMIGRATION Mr Calvin Chairman
Jones of Baker Howell Postell Crowder Jones of Coweta Bush McDonald Halliday Collier Hobbs Knight Johnson of Crawford Mobley Hood Hyers Dennard Lang
INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS Mr DeLacy Chairman
Tuck T witty Lofley Dennard Stokes McDaniel Postell Speer y Jenkins of Johnson Huey Hooks Holden Means Mclnnis
JOURNALS
Mr Harper Chairman
Smith of Decatur Thurman Daniel Jenkins of Harris Taylor Peacock Atkinson of Columbia Vandever Means ONeill Brown
58
LABOR AND LABOR STATISTICS
Mr
Murray
Snead
Fleming
Smith of Gwinnett Skelton
Wright
Kendrick
Morgan
Duggan
Crowder
Coggins
Goodman
Halliday
Callaway
Johnson of Crawford Johnson of DeKalb Reilly
Jones of Coweta Brady
Veazey
Dodgen Chairman
Posted Oliver Vandever Tarver Tanner
LUNATIC ASYLUM
Felton Chairman
Warren Gunter Fricks Hardage Crenshaw Singleton Chambliss Buxton Heery Peacock Walker Gallaway Tanner Posted Latham
Mr
MANUFACTURES
West
Huff
Kimble
Howell
McIntyre
Mr Glenn Chairman
Hand
Gordon
Ham
McArthur
Buxton
59
Reid Speer
Smith of Calhoun
MILITARY AFFAIRS
Mr Reilly Chairman
Harrell of Decatur Patterson
Hart
Rawls
Mustin
Bell
Gilbert
Clifton
Hill of Wilkes Oliver
Tyson
MINES AND MINING
Bates
McDaniel
Davie
Dugger
Fricks
Taylor
Allred
Mr Hall Chairman
Latham
Fain
Clement
Holden
Brown
Vandever
PENITENTIARY
Mr Arnheim Chairman
Huff
Foute
Mathews
DeLacy
Williams of Upson Sims of Lincoln Rawls
Turner
Coggins
Tatum
V enable
W ard
Frazer
McCook
Arnold
Chew
Heery
Smith of Calhoun
60
Boone
Jones of Baker Smith of Gwinnett Tigner
Tarver
Gholston
Crenshaw
Veazey
Morgan
Albritton
Mobley
Hardage
Hooks
Hill of Wilkes
Dennard
Dugger
Mclnnis
Walker
Mclver
PRIVILEGES AND ELECTIONS
Mr Gamble Chairman
Simmons
Morgan
Jones of Baker Coggins
Atkinson of Coweta Mitchell
Lewis
Park
Gilbert
Jones of Chattooga Smith of Wilkinson Williams of Telfair Lamar
Hardage
Chew
Mattox
Atkinson of Butts Heery
PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR
Mr Johnson of Floyd Chairman
Venable Flynt
Ward Clark
Davis of Elbert Crenshaw
Skelton King
PUBLIC LIBRARY
Mr Mathews Chairman
Humphreys of Brooks Daniel Carithers Felton
61
Albritton Frazer
Brewton Gallaway
Bush Gordon
Campbell Jenkins of Harris
Chew Jenkins of Johnson
Candler
PUBLIC PRINTING
Mr Davis of Elbert Chairman
Atkinson of Columbia Hood
Davie McCook
Alderman Morris
Ham Mclnnis
Champion Herrington
RAILROADS
Mr Howell Chairman
Lamar
Harrell of Decatur Mathews
Simmons
Hand
Gordon
Dodgen
Turner
Arnheim
Johnson of Jones Perry
Park
Hill of Meriwether Wright
Tuck
Patterson
Clifton
Whitaker
Lewis
McIntyre
Lofley
Mitchell
Hall
Tigner
Berner
Herrington
Jones of Chattooga Mustin
Chew X Allred
Williams of Appling
62
PUBLIC PROPERTY
Mr Lamar Chairman
Patterson
Venable
Hill of Wilkes Boone
Mitchell
Francis
McIntyre
Humphries of Screven Tigner
Clifton
Carleton
Ewing
ROAD AND BRIDGES
Mr
Jones of Baker Smith of Wilkinson Gunter
Goodman
Kitchens I King
Fain
Lofley Chairman
Clement
Clark
Hobbs
Champion
Mclnnis
Lgg
Knight
SPECIAL JUDICIARY Mr Olive Chairman
Perry
West
Dodgen
Hart
Harper
Johnson of Floyd Skelton
Oliver
Harrell of Webster Tyson
Williams of Appling Davis of Burke Rankin
I
63
STATE OF THE REPUBLIC
Snelson
Montgomery
Murray
Stokes
Turner
Vandever
Whitaker
Peacock
Mr Rawls Chairman
Speer
Smith of Calhoun Dugger
Fain
Kitchens
Kimble
Snead
Tanner
TEMPERANCE
Mr Foute
McDonald
Atkinson of Butts
Johnson of DeKalb Gallaway
Murray
McCalla
Latham
Johnston of Campbell Jenkins of Harris
Halliday
Chairman
Ward
Arnold
Williams of Telfair
Atkinson of Columbia
Bates
Hood
Means
Berner
Brown
7
Mclver
WILD LANDS
Carithers
Clement
Brewton
Allred
Clark
Fain
Mr Perry Chairman
Griffin
Champion
Hobbs
Smith of Calhoun Ham
I
64
WAYS AND MEANS
Mr Harrell of Webster Chairman
Lawson
DeLacy
Atkinson of Coweta West
Rawls
Howell
Duggan
Park
Calvin
Snelson
Williams of Upson Tigner
Reilly 1 Francis
Kendrick
Mitchell
Tatum
Maxwell
Jenkins of Harris Griffin
Atkinson of Columbia Campbell
Hart
Bell
Albritton
Hooks
Alexander
Kitchens
Huey
WESTERN AND ATLANTIC RAILROAD
Mr Rankin Chairman
Hand
Arnhiem
Glenn
Gamble
Atkinson of Coweta McDonald
Felton
Huff
West
Olive
Lawson
Lamar
ONeill
DeLacy
Berner
Hart
Harrell of Webster Holtzclaw
Humphreys of Brooks Johnson of DeKalb Sims of Wilkes Maxwell
ACODE
OF
PARLIAMENTARY LAW
OF FORCE IN THE
STATE OF GEORGIA
Prepared by LOUIS F GARRARD
The Use of This Volume is Respectfully Dedicated to the House of Representatives of the State of Georgia
Adopted as the Rules of the House of Representatives of the State of Georgia 10th Day of November 1888
fmmm
THE SPEAKER
Rule i The Speaker shall in his discretion suspend irrelDiscretion evant debate and command silence whenever he may deem it pea er needful
Rule 2 In all cases of election by the House the Speaker when shall vote In other cases he shall not vote unless the House shall vote shall be equally divided or unless his vote if given to the minority will make the division equal and in case of such equal division the question shall be lost But in all cases where a fixed constitutional vote is required to pass the bill or measure under consideration and said bill or measure shalRlack only one vote to pass the same the Speaker shall vote and his vote so cast shall be counted the same as that of any other member
Rule 3 When two or more members shall rise at theMeSherto
same time the Speaker shall name the person entitled to proheedeeidea oPPl by the
Speaker
Rule 4 All committees shall be appointed by the Speaker speaker to unless otherwise ordered by the House committees
Rule 5 The method of stating a question or any motion by Method of the Speaker after the same has been read to the House by the questlonby Clerk shall be as follows All in favor of the motion will ay SpeakerAye Those opposed will say No And when a decision may seem doubtful to the Speaker or a division of the House is nailed for by any one member of the House the Speaker shall call upon the members in favor of the motion to rise and after a count is had by the Clerk he shall call upon the members to reverse their positions and the Speaker shall announce the result
Rule 6 The Speaker may during a days sitting name ahvSpeaker
0 J may name
member to perform the duties of the Chair during any part ofMembersto 0 J l preside
that sitting but no longer
Rule 7 Whenever from any cause the Speaker shall be absent Duty of the Speaker pro iempore shall preside and if both shall be absent speaker11 the Clerk of the House shall all the House to order and shallabsent preside until a Speaker pro tempore shall be elected which said

6
election shall be the first business of the House The Speaker pro tempore thus elected shall preside until the return of one of the first named officers when his functions shall cease
Rule 8 Should any member of the House be dissatisfied fromrulm TUng of the Speaker on any point he shall rise and
Weaker respectfully address the Speaker and say I appeal from the decision of the Chair The Speaker will then state to the House the point ruled on and his decision on it and shall then put the question of appeal to the House as follows All in favor of the decision of the Chair standing as the sense of this House will say Aye Those opposed will say No and the decision of the House in sustaining or overruling the Speaker shall be final
Rule 9 On all appeals on questions of order of a personal When no character there shall be no debate
debate on
appeals Rule io All appeals from the decision of the Chair shall be Appeals to made immediately and no appeal shall be in order after other bncede at business has intervened from the time of the alleged error of the Chair and before said appeal is sought to be made
Rule 11 Where debate is permissible on appeals from the When decision of the Chair any member after being recognized by maad8 the Speaker may a4dress his remarks directly to the House House16 Rule 12 The Speaker shall have power to suspend the mesPower of senger and doorkeepers for misconduct or neglect of duty and suspendt0 when such suspension has been made he shall report the same natboffl to FJ House within twentyfour hours thereafter for such action cers as the House may see fit to take in the premises
Rule 13 The Speaker shall have power to cause the galleries when and lobbies of the House cleared by the messenger and doormay order keepers in case of disturbance or disorderly conduct therein andiobbiesand to cause any person or persons so offending to be arrested cleared anj brought before the bar of the House to be dealt with for contempt of the House
Rule 14 When less than a quorum vote on any subject unNo quorum der consideration by the House the Speaker may order the bar tyofnJpeak of the House to be closed and the roll of members called by er the Clerk and if it is ascertained that a quorum is present
either by answering to their names or by their presence in the House and if any member present then refuses to vote such refusal shall be deemed a contempt of the House

7
Rule 15 The Speaker may at any time order the roll called When
on any question and take the vote by yeas and nays where aaken
division of the House discloses the fact that a quorum of the y yeas and
S 1 nays
House has not voted
Rule 16 All questions as to the priority of business to be Decision on
v questions
acted on shall be decided by the Speaker without debate of priority
ON DECORUM AND DEBATE
Rule 17 When any member is about to speak in debate orConduct of deliver any matter to the House he shall rise from his seat andin debate respectfully address himself to Mr Speaker He shall be confined to matter in debate shall not speak more than twice on any subject or more than once until every member choosing to speak shall have spoken If any member in speaking Appeals or otherwise transgress the rules of the House the Speaker shall or may call him to order in which case the member so called to order shall immediately sit down unless permitted to explain The House shall if appealed to decide and if the decision of the House be not submitted to the delinquent for the first offense shall be reproved for the second fined in aseeruie 147 sum not exceeding ten dollars and continuing refractory may be expelled from the House by a twothirds vote of the members which said vote shall be taken by ayes and nays and recorded on the Journal of the House
Rule 18 If any member be called to order for words spoken Exception the words excepted to shall be taken down in writing by the spoken8 Clerk and read then admitted denied or explained by the member who spoke and thereupon the question of order shall be decided and such other proceedings had as the House may deem proper in regard thereto But no member shall be held to answer or be subject to the censure of the House for words spoken in debate if any other member has spoken or other business has intervened after the words were spoken and before the exception to them was taken
Rule 19 The members of the House shall forbear from priSilence vate conversation and preserve silence until a speaking member shall have taken his seat
Rule 26 The members shall avoid naming eaeh other when Modeofdes they may have occasion to take notice of their observations but members may designate them by the place in which they may be or the county they represent
8
House how addressed Questions and interruptions
Shall not vote when interested in result
Protests
Smoking and con j versation prohibited Duty while member is speaking and at adjournment Matters transpiring in Senate Committees and private conversation not to be referred to
Laudatory and disparaging remarks when forbidden Applause and hisses forbidden
No debate during
yeas and nays
Only one motion can be made at a time
Explana
tion
Rule 2i No member shall address the House except as heretofore stated in case of appeals or interrogate a member who is speaking except through the Speaker and should the member speaking decline to be interrupted the Speaker shall cause the member desiring to interrogate to be silent
Rule 22 No member shall vote upon any question in the result of which he is immediately and particularly interested or in any case where he was not present when the question being voted on was put to the House except by permission of the House in every case where the seat of a member is being contested the sitting member and the contestant shall both retire from the House before the vote is taken
Rule 23 Any member may enter a protest in writing against the action of the House said protest shall clearly and succinctly set forth the grounds of such protest and shall not be argumentative nor arraign nor impugn the motive of the House nor any member thereof
Rule 24 No member shall smoke in the House nor shall he converse with any one over the bar thereof
Rule 25 No member shall pass between the Chair and a member while he is speaking nor shall any member at the time of adjournment leave his seat until the Speaker retires
Rule 26 No member shall in debate refer to any private conversation had with another member or to any matters which have transpired in any committee or in the Senate
Rqle 27 In nominating candidates for any office no laudatory remarks shall be allowed nor shall any other candidate be disparaged
Rule 28 Applause or hisses in the Representative chamber or in the galleries or lobby during any speech or legislative proceedings shall be promptly suppressed
Rule 29 During the calling or reading of yeas and nays on any question no debate shall be had
Rule 30 No member can make more than one motion at a time and while the motion is being put to the House he must resume his seat and he is not further entitled to the floor unless again recognized iy the Speaker
Rule 31 No member having asked and obtained leave of the House to explain his vote on any question before the House shall be allowed more than ten minutes for such explanation unless said time is extended by a vote of the House

9
Rule 32 When the reading of any paper is called for andReadingof the same is objected to by any member it shall be determined papers by a vote of the House and this motion shall be decided without debate
Rule 33 Every member within the hall when a question is when put shall vote unless he is immediately and particularly inter vote ested therein or the House shall excuse him A motion to excuse a member from voting must be made before the House Motion to divides or before the call of the yeas and nays is commenced whee and it shall be decided without debate except that the member Excuses making the motion may briefly state the reason why in his vot opinion it ought to prevail
DIVISION OF A QUESTION
Rule 34 Any one member may call for a division of the dfvLioin question on a subject in which the sense thereof will admit of it
Rule 35 The member calling for a division must state into how made how many and definitely what parts he would have the question divided Each part of the divided proposition must be so distinct that if taken away the remainder can stand by themselves and be consistent and entire
T Qualifying
Rule 36 A qualifying paragraph an exception or a proviso paragraph
I exception
if taken from that to which it belongs would not contain a disandpro t viso
tinct or entire proposition
1 a M8BH strikeout
Rule 37 A motion to strike out and insert is an mdivisiand insert not divisible proposition able
BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS
Call of counties
Rule 38 The Clerk shall dn Mondays Wednesdays and Fridays call the counties for the introduction of new matter
Rule 39 All bills and resolutions shall be called in the order Bills and in which they stand on the calendar and before reading any called in
i order
bill or resolution the second or third time the Clerk shall dis
tinctly state its number and the name of the member by whom introduced
Rule 40 It shall be in order to introduce bills or other mat Bills etc
i when in
ter upon the call of the counties without any previous notice troduced
having been given for that purpose

10
Rule 41 No debate shall be admitted upon any bill at the Question first wading and the question shall be Shall this bill be comreading mitted or engrossed In case of engrossment the entry thereof shall be made by the Clerk and the bill shall not be amendable thereafter unless subsequently committed In case Effect of commnient it shall be to a committee of the whole House report of6 unless the House shall otherwise direct and bills committed to committee the whole House shall be considered in committee of the whole House In cases where the report of a committee is favorable to the passage of a bill the same shall be read a second time Adverse reand passed toa third wading without question Where the remittfe em port of a C0Imittee is adverse to the passage of a bill on the second reading thereof the question shall be on agreeing to the report of the committee If the report of the committee is
Bills when areed tbe shall be lost If the report of the committee withdrawn is disagreed to the bill shall be passed to a third reading unless recommitted Any bill may be withdrawn at any stage thereof by consent of the House
Rule 42 No bill or resolution shall be transmitted to the
Transmis Senate on the day of the passage thereof unless twothirds of sion to feon 1
ate by twothe members present shall so order thirds vote n i XT ni
Kule 43 No bill shall be printed until after the same has been
reported to the House by the committee to which it has been printed reterrea or by request of said committee and the order f the
House agreeing thereto
Committee Rule 44 All proceedings touching the appropriation of
whole money shall be considered in the committee of the whole House See
Rule 107 riouse
Rule 45 All bills and resolutions shall be in writing and shall resolutions have the name of the membr introducing the same as well aswriting the county he represents endorsed on the back of th same
Howen and in the case of bills the caPtion of the bill shall also be endorsed dorsed on the same
Rule 46 Where a bill or a resolution has been referred and roSt f reported more than one committee or has been reported on tees orderRnd recommitted to the same committee the last committee report shall be acted on by the House and in all cases the report of the committee of the whole House shall be first acted on by the House
11
PRECEDENCE OF MOTIONS
Rule 47 When any subject is before the House for considerOrder of
J J pr66Gd6DC
ation or under debate no motion shall be received except the following towit
i st A motion to adjourn
2nd A motion to lay on table
3rd A motion for the previous question
4th A motion to postpone indefinitely
5th A motion to postpone to a day certain
6th A motion to commit
7th A motion to amend
Which said several motions shall have precedence in the order in which they stand as above arranged
MOTION TO ADJOURN
Rule 48 A motion to adjourn is in no instance debatable nor shall said motion be made a second time until further promay be regress has been made in the business before the House
Rule 49 A motion to adjourn to a particular day or for a departicular time if made when the House is not actually engaged in other business is debatable
Rule 50 The motion to adjourn can be made at any time when when the member moving it can legitimately obtain the floor
Rule 51 A motion to adjourn may be made after the mowhen not tion for the previous question has been sustained but when the House has voted that the main qustion shall be now put no motion to adjourn is in order nor shall any motion to adjourn bein order after the Clerk has called the firstmame of the yeas and nays and a vote of one member has been given or after a division of the House has been had on a vote and the vote is in process of being counted and announced
Rule 52 When a motion to adjourn in its simple form pre Effect of advails it adjourns the House to the next sitting day or time in5ournment course
Rule 53 Whenever the hour of adjournment as fixed by a Hour of ad prior resolution shall arrive while the vote of the House is being wSaTbusil taken by the yeas and nays the session shall continue until thejJ0St final vote is taken and announced and if said fixed hour of adjournment shall arrive while the House is acting on the main question after a motion for the previous question has
12
been sustained and before the vote on the main question is being taken either by a divisionor by the yeas and nays as aforesaid the House shall stand adjourned by virtue of said prior resolution
MOTIONS TO LAY ON THE TABLE
Rule 54 No motion to lay an amendment or substitute on
ment or the table shall be in order
substitute t i a f
cannot be Rule 55 A majority 01 a quorum voting may take from the bie table at any time when the House is not engaged on any other tersmay tie measure any bill resolution or other paper which has been tbfe frm ordered to lie on the table and when so taken up the samd is thereby restored to its appropriate place on the calendar
Rule 56 If the motion to lay on the table prevails it removes from the consideration of the House the measure together with all the motions attached to it at the time it is so disposed of
Rule 57 When the proposition is again taken from the table it stands before the House in the exact form with all the mofrom table tions pertaining to it just as it did at the time the motion to lay on the table prevailed
Rule 58 A motion to lay on the table or to take from the table can be renewed from time to time when new business has intervened between the votes
Rule 59 Neither the motion to lay on the table nor the motion to take from the table are debatable or amendable
Rule 60 No member having obtained the floor shall be allowed to submit a motion then move to lay that motjon on
Effect of vote to table
Effect of vote to take
When re newed
Eot debata ble or amendable
Member cannot
move to ta the table nor shall he be allowed to yield the floor to any other motion member in order for said member to whom the floor is so yielded to move to lay the motion of the member yielding on the table
Rule 61 Nothing can be legitimately laid on the table excepting what can be taken up again
Rule 62 A motion to lay on the table may be made after the motion for the previous question has been sustained but when the House has voted that the main question shall be wput no motion to lay on the table is in order
THE MOTION FOR THE PREVIOUS QUESTION Rule 63 The motion for the previous question shall be decided without debate and shall take precedence of all other motions except motions to adjourn or to lay on the table
What can be tabled
When in order
Effect of previous question
13
and when it is moved the first question shall be shall the motion for the previous question be sustained If this be decided by a majority vote in the affirmative the motion to adjourn or to lay on the table can still be made but they must be made before the next question towit Shall the main question be now put is decided in the affirmative and after said last question is affirmatively decided by a majority vote said motions will be out of order and the House cannot adjourn until the previous question is exhausted or the regular hour of adjournment arrives
i i Twenty
Rule 64 When the previous question has been ordered the minutes
i debate al
House shall then proceed to act on the mam question without lowed debate except that before the main question is put twenty minutes shall be allowed to the committee whose report of the bill or other measure is under consideration to close the debate
Where the report of the committee is adverse to the passage of the bill or other measure the introducer of the bill shall be allowed twenty minutes before the time allowed to the committee for closing the debate
The Chairman of the Committee or the introducer of the bill or other measure may yield the floor to such members as he may indicate for the time or any part of it allowed under this rule This rule shall not be construed to allow the twenty minutes above referred to to be used but once on any bill or measure and then on the final passage of the bill or measure
Rule 65 After the main question is ordered any member Vote how may call for a division of the House in taking the vote or may call for the yeas and nays if the call for the yeas and nays is sustained by onefifth of the members voting the vote shall be taken by the yeas and nays and so entered on the journal
Rule 66 The effect of the order that the main question beEffctof now put is to bring the House to a vote on pending questions in the order in which they stood before it was moved ordered
Rule 67 After the main question has been ordered no motion Reconsii to reconsider shall be in order until after the vote on the main enn question is taken and announced order
Rule 68 In all cases of contested election where there is a
v V Contested
majority and a minority report from the committee on pnvi election leges and elections if the previous question is ordered there shall be twenty minutes allowed to the member of said committee whose name is first signed to said minority report or to
14
such member or members as he may indicate for the time so allowed or any part of it before the twenty minutes allowed to the chairman submitting the majority report
Rule 69 The previous question may be called and ordered ajiToUed Upon a sinSle motion or an amendment or it may be made to dered embrace all authorized motions or amendments and include the entire bill to its passage or rejection
Rule 70 A call of the House shall not be in order after the Housthe Previous question is ordered unless it shall appear upon an ordCTin actual C0Unt by the speaker that a quorum is not present
Rule 71 All incidental questions of order arising after a fUordirns motion is made for the previous question and pending such motion shall be decided whether on appeal or otherwise without debate
MOTION TO INDEFINITELY POSTPONE
Effect Rule 72 When a bill resolution or other measure is under consideration on the final reading thereof a motion to indefinitely postpone if decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum thereby disposes of said bill resolution or other measure for the session
Rule 73 The motion to indefinitely postpone lays open the dabieamenwhole question for debate but it cannot be amended
Rule 74 While the motion to indefinitely postpone takes natbeCan Precedence over a motion to postpone to a day certain or to applied commit or amend yet this motion cannot be applied to said motions nor can it be applied to incidental questions such as questions of order reading of papers withdrawal of a motion and suspension of a rule
Rule 75 No motion to indefinitely postpone shall be renewed renewed on anJ resolution or other measure after the same has been voted down
MOTION TO POSTPONE TO A DAY CERTAIN
Rule 76 The motion to postpone a bill resolution or other measure to a day certain when decided in the affirmative by a majority of a quorum removes the subject from before the House until the time designated and makes it a privileged question for that day so selected
Rule 77 the motion to postpone a bill resolution or SJativi other measure is decided in the negative it leaves the question vote before the House as it was before the motion was madeand it
15
cannot be moved a second time on same day or at the same stage of the proceeding
Rule 78 This motion to postpone to a day certain may beay amended by substituting one day for another In this case the time would be treated as a blank and the Speaker should treat these propositions as he would those to fill blanks
Rule 7Q If a day is designated known to be beyond the To a day
1 1 j beyond the
session the Speaker shall treat the motion as though it had session
been a motion to indefinitely postpone the subject
Rule 80 Oil a motion to postpone to a day certain it is not Debate in order to debate the merits of the question proposed to be how1 an postponed Debate may be allowed but it shall be confined allowedstrictly to the proposition to postpone and to show why one day is preferred to another It shall be the duty of the Speaker to hold members rigidly to these points
Rule 81 This motion cannot be applied to subordinate or Motion incidental questions but must be applied to the whole bill applied resolution or other measure before the house and when it prevails it carries forward the whole proposition and its appendages to the day named
MOTIONS TO COMMIT
Rule 82 Motions to commit may be made to refer a bill Motion to resolution or other measure to a standing or special committee or committee of the whole House
Rule 8 A motion to commit to a standing committee takes Prece
0 deuce of
precedence over a motion to commit to a special committee
and shall be first voted on but where a motion is made that a bill resolution or other measure be committed to the committee of the whole House this motion shall be put before either of the above named motions
Rule 84 On a motion Simply to commit no debate shall be allowed but where instructions are added the merits of the question can be debated
Rule 8k A motion to commit maybe amended by adding How
J amended
instructions or by substituting another committee for the one named by the member making the motion
Rule 86 Any proposition that has been referred to any Motion to recommit
committee either standing or special may op motion be
recommitted 4o the same or any other committee by a majority
of a quorum
16
MOTIONS TO AMEND
Amendments how made

Bill first perfected then the substitute
Rule 87 There are three ways in which a proposition maybe amended towit
1st By inserting or adding words
2nd By striking out words
3rd By striking out and inserting words
An amendment is itself subject to be amended in all three of the ways above mentioned but it is not admissable to amend an amendment to an amendment
Rule 88 A substitute is simply an amendment it is in Substitute effect a motion to strike out all after the enacting clause of a bill or the word Resolved in a resolution and insert that offered as a substitute
Rule 89 When a bill or resolution is before the House for consideration and amendments are pending thereto and a substitute shall be offered for said bill or resolution and an amendment shall be offered to said substitute it shall be in order for the House to first perfect the original bill or resolution and then perfect the substitute The question shall then be on agreeing to the substitute as amended if it be amended and if decided in the affirmative the question shall be Shall this bill pass or resolution be adopted as the case may be by substitute
Rule 90 An amendment can not be offered after the report of the committee to whom the bill or resolution under consideration has been agreed to by the House unless said action of the House in so agreeing to said report of said committee shall first be reconsidered
Rule 91 All motions to amend any matter before the House must be in writing and must plainly and distinctly set forth the amendment desired and the part of the bill or resolution where said amendment shall be inserted or added
Rule 92 On all questions whether in committee or in the House the last amendment the most distant day and the largest sum shall be first put
Rule 93 Where blanks occur in any proposition they must be filed first before any motion is made to amend
Rule 94 The caption or preamble of a bill or resolution shall not be considered or amended until the measure has been perfected
When too late to amend
Must be in writing
Priority
Blanks
Caption
when
amended
17
Riile 95 When a proposition consisting of several sections Amending or resolutions is on a final reading and the House shall agree toy ectionsto a motion to consider the same by sections or paragraphs the Clerk in reading the same shall pause at the end of each section or resolution and the amendments thereto shall be offered as the several sections or resolutions are read but the amendments offered by the committee to whom said bill or resolution was referred shall be read by the Clerk without any motion being made in the House and when a section or resolution shall have been considered it is not in ordhr to recur back and amend it
Rule 96 Where a motion is made to amend tyy striking out Amentand inserting the Clerk shall read the paragraph as it is then striking the words to be stricken out and finally the whole paragraph as serting it would be if amended
Rule 97 When a motion is made to amend by striking out a Priority of paragraph apy amendment offered to perfect the paragraph to shall be put first before the question is put for striking it out perict
Rule 98 When an y bill or resolution which originated in the Amending House has been amended in the Senate and is before the Houseltoendfor action on the Senate amendment an amendment may bements offered in the House to the Senate amendment but the House amendment to the Senate amendment cannot be further amended ee mle 136 it must be agreed to or voted down
Rule 99 A motion to amend an amendment made by the Priority Senate to a House bill or resolution takes precedence of a motion to agree or disagree to said amendment
Rule 100 The questions which arise before the House rePriority of
specting amendments by the Senate to a Hodse bill or rsoluoSsenate
tion are amend
mente
1st A motion to agree to the Senate amendment
2nd A motion to disagree to the Senate amendment
3rd A motion to recede from its disagreement or amendment
4th A motion to insist on its disagreement or amendment
5th A motion to adhere to its disagreement or amendment
They take precedence in the aboV ordei
RECONSIDERATION
Rule 101 When the Journal of the preceding day shall be Motion to read it shall be in the power of any member to move for a recoDS1ler
18
reconsideration of any matter therein contained except such matter has been previously reconsidered Provided such member shall notify the House of his intention to move such reconsideration at any time before the Journal is confirmed
Rule 102 The notice of a motion to reconsider shall not be withdrawn after the time has elapsed within which it might originally have been made
Rule 103 No matter shall be reconsidered more than once Rule 104 Motions for reconsideration shall be in order immemay bene diately after the confirmation of the Journal on the day sue atiraSlder ceeding the action sought to be reconsidered except that any When in matter which tould not be reconsidered on the succeeding day shall be in order for reconsideration on the day of said action
Rule 105 The action of the House upon an amendment may be reconsidered at any time before final action upon the section bill or resolution to which it relates mentsd Rule 106 All bills reconsidered shall take their place at the ecidered fot calendar of bills then in order for a third reading
Calendar COMMITTEE OF THE WHOLE HOUSE
Rule 107 The Speaker may resolve the House into a com
Whenor mittee of the whole without a motion being made therefor
dered by 0
Speaker whenever a bill or resolution shall be in order for consideration
on its third reading before the House which is required by the
rules of this House to be considered in the Committee of the
See rule 44
Whole
Rule 108 The House may resolve itself into a committee of
When or the whole House by a majority of a quorum voting on motion
dered by r
the House of a member made for that purpose
Rule 109 In forming a committee of the whole House the How found Speaker shall leave the chair and a chairman to preside in committee shall be appointed by the Speaker
Rule no In the Committee of the Whole bills shall be Proceed first read throughout by the Clerk and then again be read or ings debated by clauses r sections leaving the preamble to be last considered unless otherwise ordered
Rule in The rules of the House shall be observed in the Rule in Committee of the Whole so far as they may be applicable excommittee ce tjat cannot refer a matter to any other committee it
Shall not be withdrawn when
19
cannot adjourn the previous question cannot be enforced a motion to lay on the table or indefinitely postpne shall not be in order a member may speak as often as he may obtain the floor no call of the House shall be m order nor shall any vote be taken by yeas and nays
Rule 112 If at any time in the Committee of the Whole it Debate shall be desired to close the debate or to limit th time to how closed
allowed members for speaking the committee may rise and report its desire to the House and the House shall take such ac tion thereon as it may see fit by a resolution agreed for that purpose said resolution shall apply only to the subject matter before said committee and when said resolution has been agreed to or refused by the House th action of the House shall be deemed the sense of the committee and the House may then on motion again resolve itself into Committee of the Whole and continue the consideration of the subject
Rule 113 In the event that a committee of the whol House Time of at any sitting shall for want of time fail to complete any mat tended ter under consideration it may on motion at any time in the committee made rise report progress and have leave to sit again generally or at a day certain
Rule 114 A motion that the committee rise and report Motion to progress and ask leave to sit again can be made at any time riseetcwhen the mover thereof can legitimately obtain the floor and shall take precedence over all other motions and shall be decided without debate and when it prevails the committee shall immediately rise
Rule 115 A motion to reconsider shall be in order in Com Reccmsid mittee of the Whole eration
Rule 116 The Committee of the Whole shall not proceed Duty of with the business before it whenever a vote on any question Soumis shall disclose the fact that no quorum of the House is present present Whenever it is suggested that a quorum is not present the Chairman of the committee shall satisfy himself of the fact by actual count f the committee and report the same to the committee and the Chairman shall on his own motion order that the committee immediately rise and he shall report the fact of the absence of a quorum to the House
Rule 117 The Speaker may in Committee of the Whole ah memtake part in the proceedings and he as well as all other memvote Unless bers shall vote on all questions before the committee unlessexcused
20
excused therefrom and no pairing of members shall be recognized or allowed in the Committee of the Whole
Rule 118 Amendments proposed by the Committee of the Amend Whole may be amended or rejected by the House and matters mentS stricken out by the committee may be restored by the House
Rule 119 A committee of the whole House cannot punish Disorderly disorderly conduct of its members but must report the same ported re to the House for action thereon
Rule 120 The Chairman of the Committee of the Whole chairman shall have power to have the galleries or lobbies cleared in case
may order r
galleries of any disorderly conduct therein
cleared Rule 121 When the Committee of the Whole have disposed Proceed of the bill resolutions or other measures before it by motion wifen busi and question it shall rise and the chairman will be instructed to teisSfini0re report the action of the committee to the House At this point ished Speaker will resume his seat andthe chairman will return to
the floor and will state in substance as follows Mr Speaker the Committee of the Wbole House have had under consideration naming what and fiave instructed me as their chairman to report the same back to the House with the recommendation that the same do pass or do pass as amended on do not pass as the case may be
The Speaker will receive this report and repeat the same and tie matter will then be before the House for action just as though reported by any other comjnittee
Rule 122 The proceedings in the Committee of the Whole Record shall not be recorded in the Journal of the House except so far as reported to the House by the chairman of said committee
Rule 123 When m the Committee of the Wkole any papers
Papersmayin the possession of the House may becalled for by any membe caucd and read by the Clerk for the information Gf the commit
tee unless the committee shall otherwise order
Rule 124 Amendments offered to an amendment in the Report Committee of the Whole shall not be reported to the House taineeuit but the report shall contain only the lesult of the committee s teesaction action on the bill resolution or other measure utider consideration before it
ABSENTEES
foiiS Rule 125 The rollcall at the opening of each session of the ebyed House shall not be dispensed with except by a threefourths
fourths vote f the members present vote
21
Rule 126 Upon the call of the members ordinary and extraName of ordinary the names of the abseentees shall be noted bythenoted6 Clerk and shall appear upon the Journal
The Clerk shall also keep a book accessible to the Commit Duty of tee on Excuses of Members absent without leave the names ofSSe all such absentes noting such as are absent without leave and the members so absent without leave unless excused by Excuge of the House shall not be entitled to draw pay for thetime they members are so absent
It shall be the duty of the Committee on Auditing to inquire into the matter before passing upon any members account
Excuses of members absent without leave shall be submitted to the Committee on Excuses of Members Absent without Leave and the recommendation of some member of said committee shall be necessary to have said excuse allowed by the House
COMPELLING ATTENDANCE
Rule 127 The pdwer to compel the attendance of members PQwer t0 in order to keep or secure a quorum shall be vested in the trance Speaker and to this end he may have he doors of the Hous closed When the doors are so closed no member shall be allowed to retire from the House without first obtaining leave from the House
The Messenger of the House shall be exofficio Sergeantat seargeantArms of the House and on order of the Speaker may arrest any atArms absentees and bring them before the House when necessary to secure a quorum as aforesaid
CALL OF THE HOUSE
Rule 128 Whenever the result of a vote taken shall disclose Call
ordered
the fact that no quorum of the House is present or when the Subsequent Speaker shall officially state the fact to the House it shall be in mgs
order for any member to make a motion for a call of the House and when this motion is made the Speaker shall state the question s follows Shall the motion for the call of the House prevail and if fifteen of the members present shall vote in the affirmative the speaker shall order the Clerk to call fhe roll of members and the absentees shall be noted the doors shall then be closed after which the names of the absentees shall again be called over and those who do not appear and who
22
are absent without leave may by the order of the majority of the memberspresent be sent for and arrested wherever they may be found by officers to be appointed by the Messenger for that purpose and their attendance secured and the House shall determine upon what conditions theo shall be discharged
CONSTITUTIONAL RULES
Rule 129 A majority of each Housefshall constitute a quorum What is a t0 transact business but a Smaller number may adjourn from
quorum 7
in attend 1 to day and compel the presence of its absent members as anee each house may provide
Art 3rd Sec 4 Par 4
Rule 130 Each Senator and Representative before taking Oath of his seat shall take the following oath or affirmation towit I mem ers will support the Constitution of this State and of the United States and on all questions and measures which may come before me I will so conduct myself as will in my judgment be most conducive to the interest and prosperity of this State
Art 3 Sec 4 Par5
Rule 131 No bill shall become a law unless it shallv receive reqmred toa majority of the votes of all the members elected to each pass hill House of the General Assembly and it shall in every instance
appear on the Journal
Yeas and nays order hy onefifth of
members
present
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 14
Rule 132 The yeas and nays on any question shall at the desire of onefifth of the members present be entered on the Journal
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 6
Rule 133 No bill or resolution appropriating money shall
Bill or resobecome a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in
lution ap
propriatmg each House are recorded money n x
must pass Art 3 Sec 7 Par 12
andynays Rule 134 Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twoConstitu thirds of either or both houses for the passage of an Act or tMds voteresolution th yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be yeasanl entered on the Journal nays Art 3 Sec 7 Par 21
Rule 135 Every bill before it shall pass shall be read three Reading of times and on three separate days in each House unless in cases biUs of actual invasion or insurrection
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 7
23
Rule 136 All bills for raising revenue of appropriating money Revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate bl s may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 10
Rule 137 No law or ordinance shall pass which refers to onesuhject more than one subject matter or contains matter differentfrom matteretc what is expressed in the title thereof
Art 3 Sec 7 Bar 8
Rule 138 No law or section of the Code shall be amended An amend I ment to
or repealed by mere reference to its title or to the number of laws and r i i sections of
the section 01 the Code but the amending or repealing Act Code
shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as
well as the alteration to be made
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 17
Rule 139 Laws of a general nature shall have uniform opera General tion throughout the State and no special law shall be enacted wiecLW in any case for which provision has been made by an existing general law No general law affecting private rights shall be varied in any particular case by special legislation except with and when the consent in writing of all persons to be affected thereby and reiuiredn o per son nnder legal disability to contract is capable of such consent
Art 1 Sec 4 Par 1
Rule 140 The General Assembly shall have no power tocorporagrant corporate powers and privileges to private companies tKms except banking insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies ior to make or change election pre pQwer dei0cincts nor to establish bridges or ferries nor to change names courtst0 or legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law the manner in which such power shall be exercised by the courts
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 18
Rule 141 The General Assembly shall have no power toReliefof relieve principals or securities upon forfeited recognizances from the payment thereof either before or after judgment thereon unless the principal in the recognizance shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the proper officer
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 19 what the
Rule 142 The General Appropriation bill shall embrace fropriathm nothing except appropriations fixed by previous laws the ordicontain1 nary expenses of the Executive Legislative and Judicial Depart propria
ments of the Government paying of the public debt and inter separate
hills
24
Adjourn
ments
Elections
Rejected bills again considered by a twotnirds vote
Session prolonged by twotnirds vote
Elections
disorderly
conduct
Expulsion by twothirds vote
Signature of Governor when required
est thereon and for tpport of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appropriations shall be made by separate bills each embracing but one subject
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 9
Rule 143 Neither House shall adjourn for more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of disagreement between the two Houses on a quest ion of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 24
Rule 144 All elections by the General Assembly shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the Journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare result
Art 3 Sec 10 Par 1
Rule 145 No bill ordinance or resolution intended to have the effectof a law which shall have been rejected by either House shall be again proposed during the sam session under the same or any other title without the consent of twothirds of the House by which the same was rejected
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 13
Rule 146 No session of the General Assembly shall continue longer than forty days unless by a twothirds vote of the whole pumber of each House
Art 3 Sec 4 Par 6
Rule 147 Each House shall be the judge of the election returns and qualifications of its members and shall have power to punish them for disorderly behavior or misconduct by censure fine imprisonment or expulsion but no member shall be expelled except by a vote of twothirds of the House to which he belongs
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 1
Rule 148 No provision of this Constitution for a twothirds vote of both Houses of the General Assembly shall be construed to waive the necessity for the signature of the Governor as in any other case except in the twothirds vote required to override the veto and in case of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly
Art 2 Sec 7 Par 23
25
Rule i4Q The Governor shall have the revision of all bills Governors passed by the General Assembly before the same shall become laws but twothirds of each House may pass a bill notwithstanding his dissent and if any bill should not be returned by the Governor within five days Sunday excepted after it has Effect of been presented to him the same shall be a law unless the Genvote eral Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return L He may approve any appropriation and disapprove any other appropriation in the ame bill and the latter shall not be effectual unless passed by twothirds of each House
Art 5 Sec i Par 16
Rule 150 Every vote resolution or order to which the conen Govcurrence of both Houses may be necessary except on a ques aPpravetion of election or adjournment shall be presented to the Gov yffpft of ernor and before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be passed by twothirds of each House
Art 5 Sec 1 Par 17
Rule 151 No county site shall be changed or removed TwotMrds except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the county quired voting at an election held for that purpose and a twothirds vote of the General Assembly
Art 11 Sec 1 Par 4
Rule 152 Any amendment or amendments to this ConstiTwothirds tution may be proposed in the Senate or House of Representaquired on tives and if the same shall be agreed to by twothirds of the ments to members elected to each of the two Houses such proposed tion amendment or amendments shall be entered on their Journals with the yeas and nays taken thereon and the General Assembly shall pause such amendment or amendments to be published in one or more newspapers in each Congressional District for two months previous to the time of holding the next general election and shall alsaprovide for submission of such proposed amendment or amendments to the people at the said next general election and if the people shall ratify such amendment or amendmentsby a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment or amendments shall become a part of this Constitution When more than one amendment is submitted at Jhe same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately
Art 13 Sec 1 Par 1
26
Rule 153 No convention of the people shall be called by
Twothirds the General Assembly to revise amend or change the Consti
quired t tution unless by the concurrence of twothirds of all the mem
vention bers of each House of the General Assembly The repreHow called J i
sentation in said convention shall be based on population as
near as practicable
Art 13 Sec p Par 2
Rule 154 The Judges of the Supreme Court shall have out Judges of the treasury of the State salaries not to exceed three thousanddollars per annum the Judges of the Superior Courts shall have salaries not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum the AttorneyGeneral shall have a salary not to exceed two thousand dollais per annum and the SolicitorsGeneral shall each have salaries not to exceed two hundred and fifty dollars per annum but the AttorneyGeneral shall not have any fee or perquisite in any cases arising after the adoption of this Constitution but the provisions of this section shall not affect those now in office
The General Assembly may at any time by a twothirds vote ay be of each branch prescribe other and different salaries for any or
all of the above officers but no such changes shall affect the thirds vote 0
officers then in commission
Art 6 Sec 13 Pars 1 and 2
Rule 155 No local or special bill shall be passed unless notice
Evidence of the attention to apply therefor shall have been published in of notice of
local and the locality where the matter or thing to be affected may be sit
hills must uated which notice shall be given at least thirty days prior to
ted before the introduction of such bill into the General Assembly and in
same the manner to be prescribed by law The evidence of such
notice having been published shall be exhibited in the General
Assembly before such Act shall be passed
Art 3 Sec 7 Par 16
MISCELLANEOUS RULES
Rule 156 When a message shall be sent to the House of Messages Representatives it shall be announced at the door of the House by the Doorkeeper and be respectfully communicated to the Chair by the person through whom it may be sent
Rule 157 Messages may be received at any time while the whence door is open except while a question is being put or a ballot considered or viva voce vote is being taken A message shall be pre
27
sented to the House by the Speaker when received or afterwards according to its nature and the business in which the House is engaged or its consideration may on motion be ordered by the House
Rule 158 It shall be the order of the day every Wednesday Petitions to take up and decide on reports of committees on petitions and all petitions shall be numbered as they are received and taken up and disposed of in the order they were received unless otherwise ordered by a majority of the House
Rule 159 After a motion is stated by the Speaker or read by Motions the Clerk it shall be deemed to be in the possession of the House but may be withdrawn at any time before the decision by consent of the House
Rule 160 Any member presenting a petition memorial or Petitions i J pi 0 memorials
remonstrance shall as concisely as practicable intimate theetcname and object of the petitioner memorialist or remonstrant which shall be noted on the Journal and the paper may then be referred without reading
Rule 161 The several standing committees of the House Commitshall have leave to report by bill or otherwise
Rule 162 The Clerk of the House shall take an oath for the clerk true and faithful discharge of the duties of his office to the best of his knowledge and abilities and shall be deemed to continue in office until another be elected
Rule 163 The Clerk shall take special care of the books procierk vided for the use of the House
Rule 164 The Committee of Enrollment shall carefully comDutieg of pare enrolled bills and resolutions and correcting any errors onmrofthat may be discovered in the enrolled bills or other papers ment make their report forthwith to the respective Houses
Rule 16 The rules of this House known as Constitutional syer Rules shall in no case be suspended all other rules shall in noralescase be suspended nor the order of business be changed except by a vote of threefourths of the members voting
Rule 166 Any motion to suspend the rules or change the No debate order of business shall be decided without debate
Rule 167 Any motion not privileged containing new matter Motions shall lie at least one day on the table privileged
Rule 168 Whenever on any question the yeas and nays Record shall have been ordered the Clerk shall also enter on tire Journal the names of those members not voting
28
Rule 169 Where a motion is made by any member it shall
Not neces not be necessary that the same shall be seconded before being sary to J o
second pUt to the House
motion 1
Rule 170 After the announcement of the standing commit
Commit tee no other members shall be placed thereon unless it be at tees how r
and when the request of a majority of the committee to be added thereto enlarged
except when members have been elected to fill vacancies caused by death or otherwise the Speaker may assign said members to such committees as he may see fit and he may fill any vacancy in chairmanships
Rule 171 No person shall be allowed to enter upon the floor of the floor of this House except the members and officers thereof the officers and members of the Senate the Governor of the State and the heads of the offices of the Executive Department exGovernors Judges of the Supreme and Superior Courts in actual commission expresiding officers of the Senate and House andsuch others as the House may allow upon recommendation of the committee on the privileges of the floor
Rule 172 It shall be the duty of the Committee on Journals committee to rea the Journal of each days proceedings and report to on journals tbe House that the same is correct before the Journal is read by the Clerk
Rule 173 The House may by unanimous consent relieve unanimous tself from the operation of any rule other than the Constitutional rules of the House
Rule 174 No member shall take any books or papers from the possession of the House or Clerk without first acquainting the Clerk and giving him a receipt to return the same in a reasonable time or on his demand
Rule 175 The hour to which the House shall stand adjourned every day shall be 10 oclock a m of the succeeding day except Sunday unless otherwise ordered by the House
Rule 176 A motion for the call of the yeas and nays shall be decided without debate
Rule 177 All acts and joint resolutions shall be signed by Speaker and Clerk and all writs warrants and subpoenas issued by order of the House shall be signed by the Speaker and attested by the Clerk
Rule 178 It shall be the duty of the Messenger to attend to the wants of the House while in session to aid in the enforcement of order under the direction of the Speaker to execute
consent
Members to receipt clerk for books and papers
Adjournment
Motion for yeas and nays not debatable
Signature of Speaker and Clerk
Duty of messenger
29
the demands of the House from time to time together with all such processes issued under its authority as may be directed do him by the Speaker
0 Rule 179 The Messenger under the direction of the Clerk Messengers shall superintend the distribution by the Pages of all documentsStmbutand papers to be distributed to the members he shall distribute Sensfetc to the members the usual and necessary stationery required by them
Rule 180 No Committee of the Whole or other committee110 shall deface or interline a bill resolution or other paper rebiddenferred to said committee but shall report any amendments recommended on a separate paper notihg the section page or line to which said amendments relate
Rulei8i No pairing of members shall be recognized or pairing allowed as an excuse for not voting
Rule 182 Whenever any member moves that a Committee committee of Conference on disagreeing votes of the two Houses naming ence er y the number of members be appointed if said motion prevails the Speaker shall appoint a committee on the part of the House and in such case the committee shall consistonly of such members as voted in the majority on the position assumed by the House and if by inadvertence any member be nominated on said committee who was not in said majority vote he shall notify the House and be excused by the Speaker
Rule 183 After commitment of a bill and report thereof to Amendthe House it may be amended before the report of the commit
tee is agreed to by the House but the amendments if any reported by the committee shall be disposed of befor6 any other amendment be considered unless it be an amendment to a committee amendment
Rule 184 No motion on a subject different from that under Motion considerationshall be admitted under color of amendment If a motion be made to strike out part of a bill or resolution a motion to amend the part proposed to be stricken out shall be first in order
Rule 185 All reports of a committee shall be in writing andMajority the minority of a committee may make a report in writing set ftydrorte ting forth succinctly the reasons for their dissent
Rule 186 Every motion to alter the rules of the House or what mofor information from the Executive or Departments shall lie onjiaWe 6 n the tableone day
30
Rule 187 On the call of the yeas and nays the Clerk shall Changing read the names of the members after they have been called and no member shall be permitted to change his vote unless he at that time declares that he voted under a mistake of the ques tion
Rule 188 Questions of privilege shall be first those affectQuestions ing the rights of the House collectively its safety dignity and of Prmiegethe integrity of its proceedings second the rights reputation and conduct of mernbers individually in their representative capacity only and shall have prececence of all other questions except a motion to adjourn
Rule 189 In all elections a majority of the members present Elections shall be necessary to a choice
COMMITTEES
Rule 190 The Speaker shall appoint the following standing committees
General Committee on Judiciary for consideration of general bills
Special Committee on Judiciary for consideration of special or local bills
Committee on Ways and Means
Committee on Appropriations
Committee on the Western and Atlantic Railroad
Committee on Corporations
Committee on Railroads
Committee on State of the Republic
Committee on Internal Improvements
Committee on Agriculture
Committee on Privileges and Elections
Committee on Enrollment
Committee on Journals
Committee on Manufactures
Committee on Military Affairs
Committee on Banks
Committee or Education
Committee or Deaf and Dumb Asylum
Committee on Blind Asylum
Committee on Lunatic Asylum
Committee or Penitentiary
Committee cr Auditing
31
Committee on Counties and County Matters
Committee on Public Printing
Committee on Immigration
Committee on Hygiene and Sanitation
Committee on Tepiperance
Committee on Public Property
Committee on Public Library
Committee on Privileges of the Floor
Committee on Wild Lands
Committee on Mines and Mining
Committee on Roads and Bridges
Committee cn Labor and Labor Statistics
Committee on Excuse of Members Absent without Leave Committee on the Hall and Committee Rooms
Committee on Rules of which the Speaker shall be exofficio Chairman
ORDER OF BUSINESS 1
Rule 191 The following shall be the order of business
1 Prayer by the Chaplain
2 Call of the roll
3 Reading the Journal
4 Confimation of the Journal
5 Motions to reconsider
b Reports of standing committees
7 Unfinished businessof previous session
8 Orders of the day
9 On Mondays Wednesdays and Fridays call of the counties for the introdution of new matter
10 House bills for third reading and House bills with Senate amendments
11 House bills for second reading
12 House resolutions
13 On Mondays and Fridays immediately after the call of the counties Senate bills for first and second reading shall be in order
14 On Wednesdays immediately after the call of the counties all petitions and reports of committees on petitions shall be in order
15 Bills of Senaterfor third reading
32
Changing
rules
Questions not provided for
16 Senate resolutions
17 The reports of the Committee on Enrollment may be made at any time
Rule 192 No change of or addition to these Rules shall be made unless such proposed change or addition be first referred to the Committe on Rules and reported back to the House
Rule 193 When any question arises which is not provided for in the foregoing Rules the same shall be controlled by the rules usually governing parliamentary bodies
CONSTITUTION
OF THE
STATE OF GEORGIA
BILL OF RIGHTS
PREAMBLE
To perpetuate the principles of free government insure justice to all preserve peace promote the interest and happiness of the citizen and transmit to posterity the enjoyment of liberty we the people of Georgia relying upon the protection and guidance of Almighty God do ordain and establish this Consitution
ARTICLE I
Section I
Paragraph I All government of right originates with the people is founded upon their will only and is instituted solely for the good of the whole Public officers are the trustees and servants of the people and at all times amenable to them
Par II Protection to person and property is the paramount duty of government and shall be impartial and complete
Par III No person shall be deprived of life liberty or property except by due process of law
Par IV No person shall be deprived of the right to prosecute or defend his own cause in any of the Courts of this State in person by attorney or both
Par V Every person charged with an offense against the laws of this State shall have the privilege and benefit of counsel shall be furnished on demand with a copy of the accusation and a list of the witnesses on whose testimony the charge against him is founded shall have compulsory process to obtain the testimony of his own witnesses shall be confronted with the witnesses testifying against him and shall have a public and speedy trial by an impartial jury
Par VI No person shall be compelled to give testimony tending in any manner to criminate himself
Par VII Neither banishment beyond the limits of the State nor whipping as a punishment for crime shall he allowed
Par VIII No person shall be put in jeopardy of life or liberty more than once for the same offense save on his or her own motion for a new trial after conviction or in case of mistrial
Par IX Excessive bail shall not be required nor excessive fines imposed nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted nor shall any person be abused in being arrested while under arrest or in prison
Par X No person shall be compelled to pay costs except after conviction on final trial
Par XI The writ of habeas corjms shall not be suspended
Par XII All men have the natural and inalienable right to worship God each according to the dictates of his own conscience and no human authority should in any case control or interfere with such right of conscience
Par XIII No inhabitant of this State shall be molested in person or property or prohibited from holding any public office or trust on account of his religious opinions but the right of liberty of conscience shall not be so construed as to excuse acts of licentiousness or justify practices inconsistent with the peace and safety of the State
Par XIV No money shall ever be taken from the public treasury directly or indirectly in aid of any church sect or denomination of religionists or of any sectarian institution
Par XV No law shall ever be passed to curtail or restrain the liberty of speech or of the press any person may speak write and publish his sentiments on all subjects being responsible for the abuse of that liberty U
Par XVI The right of the people to be securfe in their persons houses papers and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures shall not be violated and no warrant shall issue except upon probable cause supported by oath or affirmation particularly describing the place or places to be searched and the persons or things to be seized
Par XVII There shall be within the State of Georgia neither slavery or involuntary servitude save as a punishment for crime after legal conviction thereof
Par XVIII The social status of the citizen shall never be the subject ot
legislation
Par XIX The civil authority shall be superior to the military and no soldier shall in time of peace be quartered in any house without the consent of the owner nor in time of war except by the civil magistrate in such manner as may be provided by law uni
Par XX The power of the Courts to punish for contempt shall be limited by legislative acts
Par XXI There shall be no imprisonment for debt
Par XXII The right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed but the General Assembly shall have power to prescribe the manner in which arms may be borne
Par XXIII The legislative judicial and executive powers shall forever remain separate and distinct and no person discharging the duties of one shall at the same time exercise the functions of either of the others except as herein provided
Par XXIV The people have the right to assemble peaceably for their common good and to apply to those vested with the powers of government for redress of grievances by petition or remonstrance
Par XXV All citizens of the United States resident in this State are hereby declared citizens of this State and it shall be the duty of the General Assembly to enact such laws as will protect them in the full ujoyment of the rights privileges and immunities due tq such citizenship
Section II
Paragraph I In all prosecutions or indictments for libel the truth may be givenin evidence and the jury in all criminal cases shall be the judges of the law and the facts The power of the Judges to grant new trials in case of conviction is preserved
Par II Treason against the State of Georgia shall consist in levying war against her adhering to her enemies giving them aid and comfort No person shall be convicted of treason except on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act or confession in open Court
Par III No conviction shall work corruption of blood or forfeiture of
Par IV All lotteries and the sale of lottery tickets are hereby prohibited and this prohibition shall be enforced by penal laws
3
S decIfed to be a crime and the General Assembly shall enforce this provision by suitable penalties
IFar W The General Assembly shall have the power to provide for
hjfH fraud and shal Pide bJ for reaching property Of the debtor concealed from the creditor ng property
Section III
liagraph IIn ases of necessity private ways may be granted upon
beg firS aid m e applicant Private property
eauate rnmn61 r damad for public purposes without just and ad equate compensation being first paid
m atitainder H HI fact0 law retroactive law or ofLSTS6 Ration of contracts or making irrevocable grants ot special privileges or immunities shall be passed
vokpH f rart special privileges or immunities shall be re
or rrediWc1n such manner as to work no injustice to the corporators or creaitoi s of the incorporation r
Section IV
th9P a general nature shall have uniform operation wS nrotS S eLand no jPecial law shall be enacted in any case for been made by an existing general law No general
solciaf WiLP rlht usha11 be varied in any particular case by
aSed therehn fiSI Wtthe free consent in writing of all person ca2 and no person under legal disability to contract is
capable oi such consent J
stiSionofhfiif in violation of this Constitution or the Constitution of the United States are void and the Judiciary shall so declare
Section V
cluivegritPhht ple 1this State have the inherent sole and ex
thereof S l their internal government and the police
be ecLarv to thimgfd abobhmg their Constitution whenever itmay De necessary to their safety and happiness J
Constitution fumeration of rights herein contained as a part of this Si 0t be construed to deny to the people any inherent
lights which they may have hitherto enjoyed J
ARTICLE II
ELECTIVE FRANCHISE
Section I
baLT11 L In aU elections by the People the electors shall vote by
provided twin maie citizeniof the United States except as hereinafter one year nexrecfvPn68 wh shali have resided in tbis State in hJe county T Sha11 have resided six months
which may Lreafterfe 3 opportunity of paying agreeably to law except for the vei of the ele
4
tion shall be deemed an elector Provided that no soldier sailor or marine in the military or naval service of the United States shall acquire the rights of an elector by reason of being stationed on duty in th s State and no person shall vote who if challenged shall refuse to take the following oath or affirmation I do swear or affirm that l am twentvone years of age have resided in this State one year and m this county sisf months M preceding this election I have paid a 1 taxes
which since the adoption of the present Constitution of this State have been required of me previous to this year and which I have had an opportunity to pay and I have not voted at this election
Section II
Paragraph I The General Assembly may provide from time to time for theregistration of all electors but the following classes of persons shall not be permitted to register vote or hold any office or appointment of honor or trust in this State towit 1st Those who shall have been convicted in any Court of competent jurisdiction of treason against the State of embezzlement of public funds malfeasance in office bribery or larceny or of any crime involving moral turpitude punishable by the laws of this State with imprisonment in the penitentiary unless such pei son shall have been pardoned 2d Idiots and insane persons
Section III
Paraoraph j Electors shall in all cases except for treason felony larceny and breach of the peace be privileged from arrest during their attendance on elections and in going to and returning from the same
Section IV
Paragraph I No person who is the holder of any public money contrary to law shall be eligible to any office in this State until the same
is accounted for and paid into thetieasury
Par II No person who after the adoption of this Constitutionbeing a resident of this State shall have been convicted of fighting a duel in this State or convicted of sending or accepting a challenge or convicted ot aiding or abetting such duel shall hold office in this State unless he shall have been pardoned and every such person shall also be subject to such punishment as may be prescribed by law
Section V
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall by law forbid the sale distribution or furnishing of intoxicating drinks within two miles of election precincts on days of electionState county or municipaland prescribe punishment for any violation of the same
Section VI
Paragraph I Returns of election for all civil officers elected by the people who are to be commissioned by the Governor and also for the members of the General Assembly shall be made to the Secretary of State unless otherwise provided by law
5
ARTICLE III
LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT
Section I
Paragraph I The legislative power of the State shall be vested in a General Assembly which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives
Section II
Paragraph I The Senate shall consist of fortyfour members There shall be fortyfour Senatorial districts as now arranged by counties Each district shall have one Senator
The First Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Chatham Bryan and Effingham
The Second Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Liberty Tattnall and McIntosh
The Third Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Wayne Pierce and Appling
The Fourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Glynn Camden and Charlton
The Fifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Coffee Ware and Clinch
The Sixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Echols Lowndes and Berrien
The Seventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Brooks Thomas and Colquitt
The Eighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Decatur Mitchell and Miller
The Ninth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Early Calhoun and Baker
The Tenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Dougherty Lee and Worth
The Eleventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Clay Randolph and Terrell
The Twelfth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Stewart Webster and Quitman
The Thirteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Sumter Schley and Macon
The Fourteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Dooly Wilcox Pulaski and Dodge
The Fifteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Montgomery Telfair and Irwin
The Sixteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Laurens Emanuel and Johnson
The Seventeenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Screven Bulloch and Burke
The Eighteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Richmond Glasscock and Jefferson
The Nineteenth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Taliaferro Greene and Warren
The Twentieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Baldwin Hancock and Washington
The Twentyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Twiggs Wilkinson and Jones
6
The Twentysecond Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Bibb Monroe and Pike
The Twentythird Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Houston Crawford and Taylor
The Twentyfourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Muscogee Marion and Chattahoochee
The Twentyfifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Harris Upson and Talbot
The Twentysixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties Spalding Butts and Fayette
The Twentyseventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Newton Walton Clarke Oconee and Rockdale
The Twentyeighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Jasper Putnam and Morgan
The Twentyninth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Wilkes Columbia Lincoln and McDuffie
The Thirtieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Oglethorpe Madison and Elbert
The Thirtyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Hart Habersham and Franklin
The Thirtysecond Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of White Dawson and Lumpkin
The Thirtythird Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Hall Banks and Jackson
The Thirtyfourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Gwinnett DeKalb and Henry
The Thirtyfifth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Clayton Cobb and Fulton
The Thirtysixth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Campbell Coweta Meriwether and Douglas
The Thirtyseventh Senatorial District shall be composed of the countiesof Carroll Heard and Troup r
The Thirtyeighth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Haralson Polk and Paulding
The Thirtyninth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties oi Milton Cherokee and Forsyth
The Fortieth Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Union Towns and Rabun
The Fortyfirst Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Pickens Fannin and Gilmer
The Fortysecond Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Bartow Floyd and Chattooga
The Fortythird Senatorial District shall be composed of the counties of Murray Gordon and Whitfield
The Fortyfourth Senatorial District shall be composed of the couns ties of Walker Dade and Catoosa
Par III The General Assembly may change these districts after each census of the United States Provided that neither the number of districts nor the number of Senators from each district shall be increased
Section III
Paragraph I The House of Representatives shall consist of one hundred and seventyfive Representatives apportioned among the several counties as follows towit To the six counties having the largest population viz Chatham Richmond Burke Houston Bibb and Fulton three Representatives each to the twentysix counties having the next largest
7
Harris JeffersonMuS llS Gwinnett
DogheretriVconITaIb1tadtWikrC S
each ando the rernSninJ one hundred tW RePsentatives
sentative each g ne hundred and five counties one Repre
bf changed by the General Government so astove thesixrn T W United States three Representatives each arid to the arest population
next largest population two ReprentetivTs earhh CflntieS havi the the aggregatenumber of Representatives be increased HS Hp
Section IV
tion Of lkSiSi aftertheratifica
1878 and biennially thereafter on t J 9 Wednesday in November changed by law 1 jMf 1
prevent the Governor from cal fin a an flained sha11 be construed to sembly before the first Wednesdain Nn franf of rh GneraI Asthe public good shall require it vember 1878 if in his opinion
Hbe st H jSraHgCTj S pl a
ment or offichSiHnTanemoluiS1111 CmmiSSin r other appointunder this State or thf UnS or compensation annexed thereto the Peace i m except Justices of
or for any legal taxes reauired nf j5l u 7 deaultei fr public money nor shall anjr Senator orReDrentnp si at in either M
wrcX1hanZfeTeelSeTnt Z
Section V
8
zens of this State for four yearand for one year resident of the district from rvhich eiecW g Senateshall be styled he President
Par IV When sitting for that pm pose the memo orthepre
or affirmation and shall be presided ove yh 0 J Justice be dis
siding J ustice of the Supieme the Supreme Court to
3119 of two
thirds of the members present tmneacbment shall not extend further
than removalffiomffe sS
triaiudgment and pun
ishment according to law
Section VI
Paragraph I The RepresentatWehabe chizenstheUmted betm citizensof thh State fortwo years and for one year residents of the counties from which ejected of Representatives shall be
styled the Representatives and shall be elected
tin Representatives shall have the sole power to
tapScSl who shallPhave been or may be n office
Section VII
Paragraph I Each Hoise
and qualifications of its mem e censure fine imprisonment or
SrTeiTrafp expelled eicept by a vote of two
thirds of the House to which Jnishbf imprisonment not extending bePar II Each House may pum tyP gl shall be guilty of a conyond the session any Persffi S oresence or who shall rescue or tempt by any disorderly feWKther House attempt to rescue any Peri30 shall be free from arrest during
Pan III The membersof both mm g thereto or re
their attendance on the treason felony larceny or breach of the
udno TemSshall be liabk to answer in any other place for
a P1 S ProceedlngS and Pb
lish it immediately after its preserved after publication in
H reCrd
plEl Th mmkmdesireo
ammmmm 1
sion or insurrection ga 1x511 oass which refers to more than
11 OS expressed
in the title thereof
Par IX Th general appropriation bill shall embrace nothing except appropriations fixed by previous laws the ordinary expenses of the Executive Legislative and Judicial Departments of the Government payment of the public debt and interest thereon and the support of the public institutions and educational interests of the State All other appropriations shall be made by separate bills each embracing but one subject
Par X All bills for raising revenue or appropriating money shall originate in the House of Representatives but the Senate may propose or concur in amendments as in other bills
Par XI No money shall be drawn from the treasury except by appropriation made by law and a regular statement and account of the receipt and expenditure of all public money shall be published every three months and also with the laws passed by each session of the General Assembly
Par XII No bill or resolution appropriating money shall become a law unless upon its passage the yeas and nays in each House are recorded
Par XIII All Acts shall be signed by the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives and no bill ordinance or resolution intended to have the effect of a law which shall have been rejected by either House shall be again proposed during the same session under the same or any other title without the consent of twothirds of the House by which the same was rejected
Par XIV No bill shall become a law unless it shall receive a majority of the votes of all the members elected to each House of the General Assembly and it shall in every instance so appear on the journal
Par XV All special or local bills shall originate in the House of Representatives The Speaker of the House of Representatives shall within five days from the organization of the General Assembly appoint a committee consisting of one from each Congressional District whose duty it shall be to consider and consolidate all special and local bills on the same subject and report the same to the House and no special or local bill shall be read or considered by the House until the same has been reported by said committee unless by a twothirds vote And no bill shall be considered or reported to the House by said committee unless the same shall have been laid before it within fifteen days after the organization of the General Assembly except by a twothirds vote
Par XVI No local or special bill shall he passed unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the locality where the matter or thing to be affected may be situated which notice shall be given at least thirty days prior to the introduction of such bill into the General Assembly and in the manner to be prescribed by law The evidence of such notice having been published shall be exhibited in the General Assembly before such Act shall be passed
Par XVII No law or section of the Code shall be amended or repealed by mere reference to its title or to the number of the section of the Code but the amending or repealing Act shall distinctly describe the law to be amended or repealed as well as the alteration to be made
Par XVIII The General Assembly shall have no power to grant corporate powers and privileges to private companies except banking insurance railroad canal navigation express and telegraph companies nor to make or change election precincts nor to establish bridges or ferries nor to change names of legitimate children but it shall prescribe by law the manner in which such powers shall be exercised by the Courts
10
Par XIX The General Assembly shall have no power to relieve principals or securities upon forfeited recognizances from the payment thereof either before or after judgment thereon unless the principal in the recognizance shall have been apprehended and placed in the custody of the proper officer
Par XX The General Assembly shall not authorize the construction of any street passenger railway within the limits of any incorporated town or city without the consent of the corporate authorities
Par XXI Whenever the Constitution requires a vote of twothirds of either or both Houses for the passage of an Act or resolution the yeas and nays on the passage thereof shall be entered on the journal
Par XXII The General Assembly shall have power to make all laws and ordinances consistent with this Constitution and not repugnant to the Constitution of the United States which they shall deem necessary and proper for the welfare of the State
Par XXIII No provision in this Constitution for a twothirds vote of both Houses of the General Assembly shall be construed to waive the necessity for the signature of the Governor as in any other case except in the case of the two thirds vote required to override the veto and in case of prolongation of a session of the General Assembly
Par XXIV Neither House shall adjourn for more than three days or to any other place without the consent of the other and in case of a disagreement between the two Houses on a question of adjournment the Governor may adjourn either or both of them
Section VIII
Paragraph I The officers of the two Houses other than the President and Speaker shall be a Secretary of the Senate and Clerk of the House of Representatives and such assistants as they may Appoint but the clerical expenses of the Senate shall not exceed sixty dollars per day for each session nor those of the House of Representatives seventy dollars per day for each session The Secretary of the Senate and Clerk of the House of Representatives shall be required to give bond and security for the faithful discharge of their respective duties
Section IX
Paragraph I The per diem of members of the General Assembly shall not exceed four dollars and mileage shall not exceed ten cents for each mile traveled by the nearest practicable route in going to and returning from the Capital but the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives shall each receive not exceeding seven dollars per pay
Section X
Paragraph I All elections by the General Assembly shall be viva voce and the vote shall appear on the journal of the House of Representatives When the Senate and House of Representatives unite for the purpose of elections they shall meet in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate shall in such cases preside and declare the result
Section XI
Paragraph I All property of the wife at the time of her marriage and all property given to inherited or acquired by her shall remain her separate property and not be liable for the debts of her husband
11
Section XII
Paragraph I All life insurance companies now doing business in this State or which may desire to establish agencies and do business in the State of Georgia chartered by other States of the Union or foreign States shall show that they have deposited with the ComptrollerGeneral of the State in which they are chartered or of this State the Insurance Commissioners or such other officer as may be authorized to receive it not less than one hundred thousand dollars in such securities as may be deemed by such officer equivalent to cash subject to his order as a guarantee fund for the security of policyholders
Par II When such showing is made to the ComptrollerGeneral of the State of Georgia by a proper certificate from the State official having charge of the funds so deposited the ComptrollerGeneral of the State of Georgia is authorized to issue to the company making such showing a license to do business in the State upon paying the fees required by law
Par III All life insurance companies chartered by the State of Georgia or which may hereafter be chartered by the State shall before doing business deposit with the ComptrollerGeneral of the State of Georgia or with some strong corporation which may be approved by said ComptrollerGeneral one hundred thousand dollars in such securities as may be deemed by him equivalent to cash to be subject to his order as a guarantee fund for the security of the policyholders of the company making such deposit all interests and dividends arising from such securities to be paid when due to the company so depositing Any such securities as may be needed or desired by the company may be taken from said Department at any time by replacing them with other securities equally acceptable to the ComptrollerGeneral whose certificate for the same shall be furnished to the company
Par IV The General Assembly shall from time to time enact laws to compel ail fire insurance companies doing business in this State whether chartered by this State or otherwise to deposit reasonable securities with the Treasurer of this State to secure the people against loss by the operations of said companies
Par V The General Assembly shall compel all insurance companies in this State or doing business therein under proper penalties to make semiannual reports to the Governor and print the same at their own expense for the information and protection of the people
ARTICLE IY
POWER OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OVER TAXATION
Section I
Paragraph I The right of taxation is a sovereign right inalienable indestructible is the life of the State and rightfully belongs to the people in all Republican governments and neither the General Assembly nor any nor all other departments of the Government established by this Constitution shall ever have the authority to irrevocably give grant limit or restrain this right and all laws grants contracts and all other acts whatsoever by said Government or any department thereof to effect any of these purposes shall be and are hereby declared to be null nd void for every purpose whatsoever and said right of taxation hq
12
always be under the complete control of and revocable by the State notwithstanding any gift grant or contract whatsoever by the General Assembly
Section II
Paragraph I The power and authority of regulating railroad freights and passenger tariffs preventing unjust discriminations and requiring reasonable and just rates of freight and passenger tariffs are hereby conferred upon the General Assembly whose duty it shall be to pass laws from time to time to regulate freight and passenger tarffis to prohibit unjust discriminations on the various railroads of this State and to prohibit said roads from charging other than just and reasonable rates and enforce the same by adequate penalties
Par II The exercise of the right of eminent domain shall never be abridged nor so construed as to prevent the General Assembly from taking the property and franchises of incorporated companies and subjecting them to public use the same as property of individuals and the exercise of the police power of the State shall never be abridged nor so construed as to permit corporations to conduct their business in such a manner as to infringe the equal rights of individuals or the general wellbeing of the State
Par III The General Assembly shall not remit the forfeiture of the charter of any corporation now existing nor alter or amend the same nor pass any other general or special law for the benefit of said corporation except upon the condition that said corporation shall thereafter hold its charter subject to the provisions of this Constitution and every amendment of any charter of any corporation in this State or any special law for its benefit acceptedthereby shall operate as a novation of said charter and shall bring the same under the provisions of this Constitution Provided that this section shall not extend to any amendment for the purpose of allowing any existing road to take stock in or aid in the building of any branch road
Par IV The General Assembly of this State shall have no power to authorize any corporation to buy shares or stock in any other corporation in this State or elsewhere or to make any contract or agreement whatever with any such corporation which may have the effect or be intended to have the effect to defeat or lessen competition in their respective businesses or to encourage monopoly and all such contracts and agreements shall be illegal and void
Par V No railroad company shall give or pay any rebate or bonus in the nature thereof directly or indirectly or do any act to mislead or deceive the public as to the real rates charged or received for freights or passage and any such payments shall be illegal and void and these prohibitions shall be enforced by suitable penalties
Par VI No provision of this article shall be deemed held or taken to impair the obligation of any contract heretofore made by the State of Georgia
Par VII The General Assembly shall enforce the provisions of this article by appropriate legislation
13
ARTICLE V
EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT
Section I
Paragraph I The officers of the Executive Department shall consist of a Governor Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer
Par II The Executive power shall be vested in a Governor who shall hold his office during the term of two years and until his successor shall be chosen and qualified He shall not be eligible to reelection after the expiration of a second term for the period of four years He shall have a salary of three thousand dollars per annum until otherwise provided by a law passed by a twothirds vote of both branches of the General Assembly which shall not be increased or diminished during the period for which he shall have been elected nor shall he receive within that time any other emolument from the United States or either of them or from any foreign power But this reduction of salary shall not apply to the present term of the present Governor
Par III The first election for Governor under this Constitution shall be held on the first Wednesday in October 1880 and the Governorelect shall be installed in office at the next session of the General Assembly An election shall take place biennially thereafter on said day until another date be fixed by the General Assembly Said election shall be held at the places of holding general elections in the several counties of this State in the manner prescribed for the election of members of the General Assembly and the electors shall be the same
Par IV The returns for every election of Governor shall be sealed up by the managers separately from other returns and directed to the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives and transmitted to the Secretary of State who shall without opening said returns cause the same to be laid before the Senate on the day after the two Houses shall have been organized and they shall be transmitted by the Senate to the House of Representatives
Par V The members of each branch of the General Assembly shall convene in the Representative Hall and the President of the Senate and Speaker of the House of Representatives shall open and publish the returns in the presence and under the direction of the General Assembly and the person having the majority of the whole number of votes shall be declared duly elected Governor of this State but if no person shall have such majority then from the two persons having the highest number of votes who shall be in life and shall not decline an election at the time appointed for the General Assembly to elect the General Assembly shall immediately elect a Governor viva voce and in all cases of election of a Governor by the General Assembly a majority of the members present shall be necessary to a choice
Par VI Contested elections shall be determined by both Housesof the General Assembly in such manner as shall be prescribed by law
Par VII No person shall be eligible to the office of Governor who shall not have been a citizen of the United States fifteen years and a citizen of the State six years and who shall not have attained the age of thirty years
Par VIII In case of the death resignation or disability of the Governor the President of the Senate shall exercise the Executive powers of the government until such disability be removed or a successor is elected and qualified And in case of the death resignation or disability of the President of the Senate the Speaker of the House of Representatives
14
shall exercise the Executive powers of the government until the removal of the disability or the election and qualification of a Governor
Par IX The General Assembly shall have power to privide by law for filling unexpired terms by special elections
Par X The Governor shall before he enters on the duties of his office take the following oath or affirmation I do solemnly swear or affirm as the case mav be that I will faithfully execute the office of Governor of the State of Georgia and will to the best of my ability preserve protect and defend the Constitution thereof and the Constitution of the United States of America
Par XI The Governor shall be Commanderinchief of the army and navy of this State and of the militia thereof
Par XII He shall hiive power to grant reprieves and pardons to commute penalties remove disabilities imposed by law and to remit any part of a sentence for offenses against the State after conviction except in cases of treason and impeachment subject to such regulations as may be provided by law relative to the manner of applying for pardons Upon conviction for treason he may suspend the execution of the sentence and report the case to the General Assembly at the next meeting thereof when the General Assembly shall either pardon commute the sentence direct its execution or grant a further reprieve He shall at each session of the General Assembly communicate to that body each case of reprieve pardon or commutation granted stating the name of the convict the offense for which he was convicted the sentence and its date the date of the reprieve pardon or commutation and the reasons for granting the same He shall take care that the laws are faithfully executed and shall be a conservator of the peace throughout the State
Par XIII He shall issue writs of election to fill all vacancies that may happen in the Senate or House of Representatives and shall give the General Assembly from time to time information of the state of the Commonwealth and recommend to their consideration such measures as he may deem necessary or expedient He shall have power to convoke the General Assembly on extraordinary occasions but no law shall be enacted at call sessions of the General Assembly except such as shall relate to the object stated in his proclamation convening them
Par XIV When any office shall become vacant by death resignation or otherwise the Governor shall have power to fill such vacancy unless otherwise provided by law and persons so appointed shall continue in office until a successor is commissioned agreeably to the mode pointed out by this Constitntion or by law in pursuance thereof
Par XV A person once rejected by the Senate shall not be reappointed by the Governor to the same office during the same session or the recess thereafter
Par XVI The Governor shall have the revision of all bills passed by the General Assembly before the same shall become laws but twothirds of each House may pass a law notwithstanding his dissent and if any bill shall not be returned by the Governor within five days Sunday excepted after it has been presented to him the same shall be a law unless the General Assembly by their adjournment shall prevent its return He may approve any appropriation and disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill and the latter shall not be effectual unless passed bv twothirds of each House
Par XVII Every vote resolution or order to which the concurrence of both Houses may be necessary except on a question of election or adjournment shall be presented to the Governor and before it shall take effect be approved by him or being disapproved shall be repassed by twothirds of each House
15
Par XVIII He may require information in writing from the officers
in the Executive Department on any subject relating to the duties of their 1 espective offices It shall be the duty of the Governor quarterly and oftener if he deems it expedient to examine under oath the Treasurer and ComptrollerGeneral of the State on all matters pertaining to their respective offices and to inspect and review their books and accounts The Geneial Assembly shall have authority to provide bylaw for the suspension of either of said officers from the discharge of the duties of his office and also for the appointment of a suitable person to discharge the duties of the same
Par XIX The Governor shall have power to appoint his own secretaries not exceeding two in number and to provide such other clerical force as may be required in his office but the total cost for secretaries and clerical force in his office shall not exceed six thousand dollars per annum
Section II
Paragraph I The Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer shall be elected by the persons qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly at the same time and in the same manner as the Governor The provisions of the Constitution as to the transmission of the returns of election counting the votes declaring the result deciding when there is no election and when there is a contested election appl cable to the election of Governor shall apply to the election of Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer they shall be commissioned by the Governor and hold their offices for the same time as the Governor
Par II The salary of the Treasurer shall not exceed two thousand dollars per annum The clerical expenses of his department shall not exceed sixteen hundred dollars per annum
Par III The salary of the Secretary of State shall not exceed two thousand dollars per annum and the clerical expenses of his department shall not exceed one thousand dollars per annum
Par IV The salary of the ComptrollerGeneral shall not exceed two thousand dollars per annum The clerical expenses of his department including the Insurance Department and Wild Land Clerk shall not exceed four thousand dollars per annum and without said clerk it shall not exceed three thousand dollars per annm
Par V The Ireasurer shall not be allowed directly or indirectly to receive any fee interest or reward from any person bank or corporation foi the deposit or use in any manner of the public funds and the General Assembly shall enforce this provision by suitable penalties
Par VI No person shall be eligible to the office of Secretary of State ComptrollerGeneral or Treasurer unless he shall have been a citizen of the United States for ten years and shall have resided in this State for six years next preceding his election and shall be twentyfive years of age when elected All of said officers shall give bond and security under regulations to be prescribed by law for the faithful discharge of their duties
Par VII The Secretary of State the ComptrollerGeneral and the Treasurer shall not be allowed any fee perquisite or compensation other than their salaries as prescribed by law except their necessary expenses when absent from the seat of government on business for the State
Section III
Paragraph I The Great Seal of the State shall be deposited in the office of the Secretary of State and shall not be affixed to any instrument
16
of writing except by order of the Governor or General Assembly and that now in use shall be the Great Seal of the State until otherwise provided by law
ARTICLE VI
JUDICIARY
Section I
Paragraph I The judicial powers of this State shall be vested in a Supreme Court Superior Courts Courts of Ordinary Justices of the Peace commissioned Notaries Public and such other Courts as have been or may be established by law
Section II
Paragraph I The Supreme Court shall consist of a Chief Justice and two Associate Justices A majority of the Court shall constitute a
Panll When one or more of the Judges are disqualified from deciding any case by interest or otherwise the Governor shall designate a Tudge or Judges of the Superior Courts to preside in said case
J Par III No Judge of any Court shall preside in any case where the validity of any bondFederal State corporation or municipalis involved who holds in his own right or as the representative of others
any material interest in the class of bonds upon which the question to be
Cpar iv The Chief Justice and Associate Justices shall hold their officesfor ix years and until their successors are qualified A successor to the incumbent whose term will soonest expire shall be elected by the General Assembly in 1880 a successor to the incumbent whose term of office is next in duration shall be elected by the General Assembly in 1882and a successor to the third incumbent shall be elected by the General Assembly in1884 but appointments to fill vacancies shall only be for the unexpired term or until such vacancies are filled by elections agreeably to the mode pointed out by this Constitution
Par V The Supreme Court shall have no original jurisdiction but shall be a Court alone for the trial and correction of errors from the Superior Courts and from the City Courts of Atlanta and Savannah and such other like Courts as may be hereafter established in other cities and shall sit at the seat of government at such times in each year as shall be prescribed by law for the trial and determination of writs of error from
said Superior and City Courts
Par VI The Supreme Court shall dispose of every case at the first second term after such writ or error is brought and in case the plamtilt in error shall not be prepared at the first term to prosecute the case unless prevented by providential causeit shall be stricken from the docket and the judgment below shall stand affirmed
Par VII In any case the Court may m its discretion withhold its judgment until the next term after the same is argued
Section III
Paragraph I There shall be a Judge of the Superior Courts for each Tudicial Circuit whose term of office shall be four years and until his successor is qualified He may act in other circuits when authorized by law
17
Par If The successors to the present incumbents shall be elected by the General Assembly as follows To the half as near as may be whose commissions are the oldest in the year 1878 and to the others in the year 1880 All subsequent elections shall be at the session of the General Assembly next preceding the expiration of the terms of incumbents except elections to fill vacancies The day of election may be fixed by the General Assembly
Par III The terms of the Judges to be elected under the Constitution except to fill vacancies shall begin on the first day of January after their elections But if the time for the meeting of the General Assembly shall be changed the General Assembly may change the time when the terms of Judges thereafter elected shall begin
Section IV
Paragraph I The Superior Courts shall have exclusive jurisdiction in cases of divorse in criminal cases where the offender is subjected to loss of life or confinement in the penitentiary in cases respecting titles to land and equity cases
Par II The General Assembly may confer upon the Courts of common law all the powers heretofore exercised by Courts of equity in this State
Par III Said Courts shall have jurisdiction in all civil cases except as hereinafter provided
Par IV They shall have appellate jurisdiction in all such cases as may be provided by law
Par V They shall have power to correct errors in inferior judicatories by writ of certiorari which shall only issue on the sanction of the Judge and said Courts and the Judges thereof shall have power to issue writs of mandamus prohibition scire facias and all other writs that may be necessary for carrying their powers fully into effect and shall have such other powers as are or may be conferred on them by law
Par VI The General Assembly may provide for an appeal from one jury in the Superior and City Courts to another and the said Courts may grant new trials on legal grounds
Par VII The Court shall render judgment without the verdict of a jury in all civil cases founded on unconditional contracts in writing where an issuable defense is not filed under oath or affirmation
Par VIII The Superior Courts shall sit in each county not less than twice in each year at such times as have been or may be appointed by law
Par IX The General Assembly may provide by law for the appointment of some proper person to preside in cases where the presiding Judge is from any cause disqualified
Section V
Paragraph I In any county within which there is or hereafter may be a City Court the Judge of said Court and of the Superior Court may preside in the Courts of each other in cases where the Judge of either Court is disqualified to preside
Section VI
Paragraph I The powers of a Court of Ordinary and of Probate shall be vested in an Ordinary for each county from whose decision there may be an appeal or by consent of parties without a decision to the Superior Court under regulations prescribed by law
Par II The Courts of Ordinary shall have such powers in relation
to roads bridges ferries public buildings paupers county officers county funds county taxes and other county matters as may be conferred on them by law
Par III The Ordinary thall hold his office for the term of four years and until his successor is elected and qualified
Section VII
Paragraph I There shall be in each militia district one Justice of the Peace whose official term except when elected to fill an unexpired term shall be four years
Par II Justices of the Peace shall have jurisdiction in all civil cases arising ex contractu and in cases of injuries or damages to personal property when the principal sum does not exceed one hundred dollars and shall sit monthly at fixed times and places but in all eases there may be an appeal to a jury in said Court or an appeal to the Superior Court under such regulations as may be prescribed bylaw
Par III Justices of the Peace shall be elected by the legal voters in their respective districts and shall be commissioned by the Governor They shall be removable on conviction for malpractice in office
Section VIII
Paragraph I Commissioned Notaries Public not to exceed one for each militia district may be appointed by the Judges of the Superior Courts in their respective circuits upon recommendation of the grand juries of the several counties They shall be commissioned by the Governor for the term of four years and shall be ex officio Justices of the Peace and shall be removable on conviction for malpractice in office
Section IX
Paragraph I The jurisdiction powers proceedings and practice of all Courts or officers invested with judicial powers except City Courts of the same grade or class so far as regulated by law and the force and effect of the process judgment and decree by such Courts severally shall be uniform This uniformity must be established by the General Assembly
Section X
Paragraph I There shall be an AttorneyGeneral of this State who shall be elected by the people at the same time for the same term and in the same manner as the Governor
Par II It shall be the duty of the AttorneyGeneral to act as the legal adviser of the Executive Department to represent the State in the Supreme Court in all capital felonies and in all civil and criminal cases in any Court when required by the Governor and to perform such other services as shall be required of him by law
Section XI
Paragraph I There shall be a SolicitorGeneral for each judicial circuit whose official term except when commissioned to fill an unexpired term shall be four years
Par II It shall be the duty of the SolicitorGeneral to represent the State in all cases in the Superior Courts of his circuit and in all cases taken up from his circuit to the Supreme Court and to perform such other services as shall be required of him by law
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Section XII
Paragraph I The Judges of the Supreme and Superior Courts and SolicitorsGeneral shall be elected by the General Assembly in joint session on such day or days as shall be fixed by joint resolution of both Houses At the session of the General Assembly which is held next before the expiration of the terms of the present incumbents as provided in this Constitution their successors shall be chosen and the same shall apply to the election of those who shall succeed them Vacancies occasioned by death resignation or other cause shall be filled by appointment of the Governor until the General Assembly shall convene when an election shall be held to fill the unexpired portion of the vacant terms
Section XIII
Paragraph I The Judges of the Supreme Court shall have out of the Treasury of the State salaries not to exceed three thousand dollars per annum the Judges of the Superior Courts shall have salaries not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum th AttorneyGeneral shall have a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum and the SolicitorsGeneral shall each have salaries not to exceed two hundred and fifty dollars per annum but the AttorneyGeneral shall not have any fee or perquisite in any cases arising after the adoption of this Constitution but the provisions of this section shall not affect the salaries of thosenow in office
Par XI The General Assembly may at any time by a twothirds vote of each branch prescribe other and different salaries for any or all of the above officers but no such change shall affect the officers then in commission
Section XIV
Paragraph I No person shall be Judge of the Supreme or Superior Courts or AttorneyGeneral unless at the time of his election he shall have attained the age of thirty years and shall have been a citizen of the State three years and have practiced law for seven years and no person shall be hereafter elected SolicitorGeneral unless at the time of his election he shall have attained twentyfive years of age shall have been a citizen of the State for three years and shall have practiced law for three years next preceding his election
Section XV
Paragraph I No total divorce shall be granted except on the concurrent verdicts of two juries at different terms of the Court
Par II When a divorce is granted the jury rendering the final verdict shall determine the rights and disabilities of the parties
Section XVI
Paragraph I Divorce cases shall be brought in the county where the defendant resides if a resident of this State if the defendant be not a resident of this State then in the county in which the plaintiff resides
Par II Cases respecting titles to land shall be tried in the county where the land lies except where a single tract is divided by a county line in which case the Superior Court of either county shall have jurisdiction
Par III Equity cases shall be tried in the county where a defendant resides against whom substantial relief is prayed
Par IV Suits against joint obligors joint promissors copartners or
20
joint trespassers residing in different counties may be tried in either county
Par V Suits against the maker and indorser of promissory notes or drawer acceptor and indorser of foreign or inlaud bills of exchange or like instruments residing in different counties shall be brought in the county where the maker or acceptor resides
Par VI All other civil cases shall be tried in the county where the defendant resides and all criminal cases shall be tried in the county where the crime was committed except cases in the Superior Courts where the Judge is satisfied that an impartial jury cannot be obtained in such county
Section XVII
Paragraph I The power to change the venue in civil and criminal cases shall be vested in the Superior Courts to be exercised in such manner as has been or shall be provided by law
Section XVIII
Paragraph I The right of trial by jury except where it is otherwise provided in this Constitution shall remain inviolate but the General Assembly may prescribe any number not less than five to constitute a trial or traverse jury in Courts other than the Superior and City Courts
Par II The General Assembly shall provide by law for the selection of the most experienced intelligent and upright men to serve as grand jurors and intelligent and upright men to serve as traverse jurors Nevertheless the grand jurors shall be competent to serve as traverse jurors
Par III It shall be the duty of the General Assembly by general laws to prescribe the manner of fixing compensation of jurors in all counties in this State
Section XIX
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall have power to provide for the creation of County Commissioners in such counties as may require them and to define their duties
Section XX
Paragraph I All Courts not specially mentioned by name in the first section of this article may be abolished in any county at the discretion of the General Assembly
Section XXI
Paragraph I The costs in the Supreme Court shall not exceed ten dollars until otherwise provided by law Plaintiffs in error shall not be required to pay costs in said Court when the usual pauper oath is filed in the Court below
ARTICLE VII
FINANCE TAXATION AND PUBLIC DEBT
Section I
Paragraph I The powers of taxation over the whole State shall be exercised by the General Assembly for the following purposes only
For the support of the State Government and the public institutions
For educational purposes in instructing children in the elementary branches of an English education only
To pay the interest on the public debt
To pay the principal of the public debt
To suppress insurrection to repel invasion and defend the State in time of war
To supply the soldiers who lost a limb or limbs ha the military service of the Confederate States with substantial artificial limbs during life
Section II
Paragraph I All taxation shall be uniform upon the same class of subjects and ad valorem on all property subject to be taxed within the territorial limits of the authority levying the tax and shall be levied and collected under general laws The General Assembly may however impose a tax upon such domestic animals as from their nature and habits are destructive of other property
Par II The General Assembly may by law exempt from taxation all public property places of religious worship or burial all institutions of purely public charity all buildings erected for and used as a college incorporated academy or other seminary of learning the real and personal estate of any public library and that of any other literary association used by or connected with such library all books and philosophical apparatus and all paintings and statuary of any company or association kept in a public hall and not held as merchandise or for purposes of sale or gain Provided the property so exempted be not used for purposes of private or corporate profit or income
Par III No poll tax shall be levied except for educational purposes and such tax shall not exceed one dollar annually upon each poll
Par IV All laws exempting property from taxation other than the property herein enumerated shall be void
Par V The power to tax corporations and corporate property shall not be surrendered or suspended by any contract or grant to which the State shall be a party
Section III
Paragraph I No debt shall be contracted by or on behalf of the State except to supply casual deficiencies of revenue to repel invasion suppress insurrection and defend the State in time of war or to pay the existing public debt but the debt created to supply dficiences in revenue shall not exceed in the aggregate two hundred thousand dollars
Section IV
Paragraph I All laws authorizing the borrowing of money by or on behalf of the State shall specify the purposes for which the money is to be used and the money so obtained shall be used for the purpose specified and for no other
Section V
Paragraph I The credit of the State shall not be pledged or loaned to any individual company corporation or association and the State shall not become a joint owner or stockholder in any company association or corporation
Section VI
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall not authorize any county municipal corporation or political division of this State to become a stockholder in any company corporation or association or to appropri
22
ate money for or to loan its credit to any corporation company association institution or individual except for purely charitable purposes This restriction shall not operate to prevent the supportof schools by municipal corporations within their respective limits Provided that if any municipal corporation shall offer to the State any property for locating or building a capitol and the State accepts such offer the corporation may comply with such offer
Par II The General Assembly shall not have power to delegate to any county the right to levy a tax for any purpose except for educational purposes in instructing children in the elementary branches of an English education only to build and repair the public buildings and bridges to maintain and support prisoners to pay jurors and coroners and for litigation quarantine roads and expenses of Courts to surport paupers and pay debts heretofore existing
Section VII
Paragraph I The debt hereafter incurred by any county municipal corporation or political division of this State except as in this Constitution provided for shall never exceed seven per centum of the assessed value of all the taxable property therein and no such county municipality or division shall incur any new debt except for a temporary loan or loans to supply casual dficiences of revenue not to exceed onefifth of one per centum of the assessed value of taxable property therein without the assent of twothirds of the qualified voters thereof at an election for thdt purpose to be held as may be prescribed by law but any city the debt of which does not exceed seven per centum of the assessed value of the taxable property at the time of the adoption of this Constitution may be authorized by law to increase at any time the amount of said debt three per centum upon such assessed valuation
Par II Any county municipal corporation or political division of this State which shall incur any bonded indebtedness under the provisions of this Constitution shall at or before the time of so doing provide for the assessment and collection of an annual tax sufficient in amount to pay the principal and interest of said debt within thirty years from the date of the incurring of said indebtedness
Section VIII
Paragraph I The State shall not assume the debt nor any part thereof of any county municipal corporation or political division of the State unless such debt shall be contracted to enable the State to repel invasion suppress insurrection or defend itself in time of war
Section IX
Paragraph I The receiving directly or indirectly by any officer of the State or county or member or officer of the General Assembly of any interests profits or perquisites arising from the use or loan of public funds in his hands or moneys to be raised through his agency for State or county purposes shall be deemed a felony and punishable as may be prescribed by law a part of which punishment shall be a disqualification from holding office
Section X
Paragraph I Municipal corporations shall not incur any debt until provision therefor shall have been made by the municipal government
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Section XL
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall have no authority to appropriate money either directly or indirectly to pay the whole or any part of the principal or interest of the bonds or other obligations which have been pronounced illegal null and void by the General Assembly and the constitutional amendments ratified by a vote of the people on the first day of May 1877 nor shall the General Assembly have authority to pay any of the obligations created by the State under laws passed during the late war between the States nor any of the bonds notes or obligations made and entered into during the existence of said war the time for the payment of which was fixed after the ratification of a treaty of peace between the United States and the Confederate States nor shall the General Assembly pass any law or the Governor or other State official enter into any contract or agreement whereby the State shall be made a party to any suit in any Court of this State or of the United States instituted to test the validity of any such bonds or obligations
Section XII
Paragraph I The bonded debt of the State shall never be increased except to repel invasion suppress insurrection or defend the State in time of war
Section XIII
Paragraph I The proceeds of the sale of the Western and Atlantic Macon and Brunswick or other railroads held by the State and any other pi operty owned by the State whenever the General Assembly may authoi ize the sale of the whole or any part thereof shall be applied to the payment of the bonded debt of the State and shall not be used for any other purpose whatever so long as the State has any existing bonded debt Provided that the proceeds of the sale of the Western and Atlantic Railroad shall be applied to the payment of the bonds for which said railroad has been mortgaged in preference to all other bonds
Section XIV
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall raise by taxation each year in addition to the sum required to pay the public expenses and interest on the public debt the sum of one hundred thousand dollars which shall aS a sinkinS uncb to pay off and retirethe bonds of the State which have not yet matured and shall be applied to no other purpose whatever If the bonds cannot at any time be purchased at or below par then the sinking fund herein provided for may be loaned by the Governoi and Treasurer of the State Provided the security which shall be demanded for said loan shall consist only of the valid bonds of the State but this section shall not take effect until the eight per cent currency bonds issued under the Act of February the 19th 1873 shall have been paid J y 0
Section XV
Paragraph I The ComptrollerGeneral and Treasurer shall each make to the Governor a quarterly report of rhe financial condition of the State which report shall includde a statement of the assets liabilities and income of the State and expenditures therefor for the three months preceding and it shall be the duty of the Governor to carefully examine the same by himself or through competent persons connected with his department and cause an abstract thereof to be published for the information of the people which abstract shall be endorsed by him as having been examined
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Section XVI
Paragraph I The General Assembly shall not by vote resolution or order grant any donation or gratuity in favor of any person corporation or association
Par IL The General Assembly shall not grantor authorize extra compensation to any public officer agent or contractor after the service has been rendered or the contract entered into
Section XVII
Paragraph I The office of the State Printer shall cease with the expiration of the term of the present incumbent and the General Assembly shall provide by law for letting the public printing to the lowest responsible bidder or bidders who shall give adequate and satisfactory security for the faithful performance thereof No member of the General Assembly or other public officer shall be interested either directly or indirectly in any such contract
ARTICLE VIII
EDUCATION
Section I
Paragraph I There shallbe a thorough system of common schools for the education of children in the elementary branches of an English education only as nearly uniform as practicable the expenses of which shall be provided for by taxation or otherwise The schools shall be free to all children of the State but separate schools shall be provided for the white and colored races
Section II
Paragraph I There shall be a State School Commissioner appointed by the Governor and confirmed by the Senate whose term of office shall be two years and until his successor is appointed and qualified His office shall be at the seat of government and he shall be paid a salary not to exceed two thousand dollars per annum The General Assembly may substitute for the State School Commissioner such officer or officers as may be deemed necessary to perfect the system of public education
Section III
Paragraph I The poll tax any educational fund now belonging to the State except the endowment of and debt due to the University of Georgia a special tax on shows and exhibitions and of the sale of spirituous and malt liquors which the General Assembly is hereby authorized to assess and the proceeds of any commutation tax for military service and all taxes that may be assessed on such domestic animals as from their nature and habits are destructive to other property are hereby set apart and devoted for the support of common schools
Section IV
Paragraph I Authority may be granted to counties upon the recommendation of two grand juries and to municipal corporations upon the recommendation of the corporate authority to establish and maintian public schools in their respective limits by local taxation but no such
25
local laws shall take effect until the same shall have been submitted to a vote of the qualified voters in each county or municipal corporation and approved by a twothirds vote of persons qualified to vote at such election and the General Assembly may prescribe who shall vote on such question
Section V
Paragraph I Existing local school systems shall not be affected by this Constitution Nothing contained in section first of this article shall be construed to deprive schools in this State not common schools from participation in the educationel fund of the State as to all pupils therein taught in the elementary branches of an English education
Section VI
Paragraph J The trustees of the University of Georgia may accept bequests donations and grants of land or other property for the use of said university In addition to the payment of the annual interest on the debt due by the State to the University the General Assembly may from time to time make such donations thereto as the condition of the treasury will authorize And the General Assembly may also from time to time make such appropriations of money as the condition of the treasury will authorize to any college or university not exceeding one in number now established or hereafter to be established in this State for the education of persons of color
ARTICLE IX
HOMESTEAD AND EXEMPTIONS
Section I
Paragraph I There shall be exempt from levy and sale by virtue of any process whatever under the laws of this State except as hereinafter excepted of the property of every head of a family or guardian or trustee of a family of minor children or every aged or infirm person or person having the care and support of dependent females of any age who is not the head of a family realty or personalty or both to the value in the aggregate of sixteen hundred dollars
NoteThe above provision of the Constitution was specially submitted to the people and ratified as a part thereof by them on December 5th 1877
Section II
Paragraph I No Court or ministerial officer in this State shall ever have jurisdiction or authority to enforce any judgment execution or decree against the property set apart for such purpose including such improvements as may be made thereon from time to time except for taxes for the purchase money of the same for labor done thereon for material furnished therefor or for the removal of incumbrances thereon
Section III
Paragraph I The debtor shall have power to waive or renounce in writing his right to the benefit of the exemption provided for in this article except as to wearing apparel and not exceeding three hundred dollars worth of household and kitchen furniture and provisions to be se
26
lected by himself and his wife if any and he shall not after it is set apart alienate or encumber the property so exempted but it may be sold by the debtor and his wife if any jointly with the sanction of the Judge of the Superior Court of the county where the debtor resides or the land is situated the proceeds to be reinvested upon the same uses
Section IV
Paragraph I The General Assembiy shall provide by law as early as practicable for the setting apart and valuation of said property But nothing in this article shall be construed to affect or repeal the existing laws for exemption of property from sale contained in the present Code of this State in paragraphs 2040 to 2049 inclusive and the Acts amendatory thereto It may be optional with the applicant to take either but not both of such exemptions
Section V
Paragraph I The debtor shall have authority to waive or renounce in writing his right to the benefit of the exemption provided for in section four except as is excepted in section three of this article
Section VI
Paragraph I The applicant shall at any time have the right to supplement his exemption by adding to an amount already set apart which is less than the whole amount of exemption herein allowed a sufficiency to make his exemption equal to the whole amount
Section VII
Paragraph I Homesteads and exemptions of personal property which have been heretofore set apart by virtue of th provisions of the existing Constitution of this State and in accordance with the laws for the enforcement thereof or which may be hereafter so set apart at any time shall be and remain valid as againt all debts and liabilities existing at the time of the adoption of this Constitution to the same extent that they would have been had said existing Constitution not been revised
Section VIII
Paragraph I Rights which have become vested under previously existing laws shall not be affected by anything herein contained In all cases in which homesteads have been set apart under the Constitution of 1868 and the laws made in pursuance thereof and a bona fide sale of such property has been subsequently made and the full purchase price thereof paid all right of exemption in such property by reason of its having been so set apart shall cease in so far as it affects the right of the purchaser In all such cases where a part only of the purchase price has been paid such transaction shall be governed by the laws now of force in this State in so far as they affect the rights of the purchase as though said property had not been set apart
Section IX
Paragraph I Parties who have taken a homestead of realty under the Constitution of eighteen hundrod and sixtyeight shall have the right to sell said homestead and reinvest the same by order of the Judge of the Superior Courts of this State
27
ARTICLE X
MILITIA
Section I
Paragraph I A well regulated mititia being essential to the peace and security of the State the General Assembly shall have authority to provide by law how the militia of this State shall be organized officered trained armed ande quipped and of whom it shall consist
Par II The General Asaembly shall have power to authorize the formation of volunteer companies and to provide for their organization into battalions regiments brigades divisions and corps with such restrictions as may be prescribed by law and shall have authority to arm and equip the same
Par III The officers and men of the militia and volunteer forces shall not be entitled to receive any pay rations or emoluments when not in active service ty authority of the State
ARTICLE XI
COUNTIES AND COUNTY OFFICERS
Section I
Paragraph i Each county shall be a body corporate with such powers and limitations as may be prescribed by law All suits by or against a county shall be in the name thereof and the metes and bounds of the several counties shall remain as now pi escribed by law unless changed as hereinafter provided
Par II No new county shall be created
Par III County lines shall not be changed unless under the operation of a general law for that purpose
Par IV No county site shall be changed or removed except by a twothirds vote of the qualified voters of the county voting at an election held for that purpose and a twothirds vote of the General Assembly
Par V Any county may be dissolved and merged with contiguous counties by a twothirds vote of the qualified electors of such county voting at an election held for that purpose
Section II
Paragraph I The county officers shall be elected by the qualified voters of their respective counties or districts and shall hold their offices for two years They shall be removed on conviction for malpractice in office and no person shall be eligible to any of the offices referred to in this paragraph unless he shall have been a resident of the county for two years and is a qualified voter
Section III
Paragraph I Whatever tribunal or officers may hereafter be created by the General Assembly for the transaction of county matters shall be uniform throughout the State and of the same name jurisdiction and remedies except that the General Assembly may provide for the appointment of commissioners of roads and revenue in any county
28
ARTICLE XII
THE LAWS OF GENERAL OPERATION IN FORCE IN THIS STATE
Section I
Paragraph I The laws of general operation in this State are first as the supreme law The Constitution of the United States the laws of the United States in pursuance thereof and all treaties made under the authority of the United States
Par II Second As next in authority thereto this Constitution
Par III Third In subordination to the foregoing All laws now of force in this State not inconsistent with this Constitution and the ordinances of this Convention shall remain of force until the same are modified or repealed by the General Assembly The tax acts and appropriation acts passed by the General Assembly of 1877 and approved by the Governor of the State and not inconsistent with the Constitution are hereby continued in force until altered by law
Par IV Local and private acts passed for the benefit of counties cities towns corporations and private persons not inconsistent with the supreme law nor with this Constitution and which have not expired nor been repealed shall have the force of statute law subject to judicial decision as to their validity when passed and to any limitations imposed by their own terms
Par V All rights privileges and immunities which may have vested in or accrued to any person or persons 01 corporation in his her or their own right or in any fiduciary capacity under and in virtue of any Act of the General Assembly or any judgment decree or order or other proceeding of any Court of competent jurisdiction in this State heretofore rendered shall be held inviolate by all Courts before which they may be brought in question unless attacked for fraud
Par VI All judgments decrees orders and others proceedings of the several Courts of this State heretofore made within the limits of their several jurisdictions are hereby ratified and affirmed subject only to reversal by motion for a new trial appeal bill of review or other proceeding in conformity with the law of force when they were made
Par VII The officers of the government now existing shall continue in the exercise of their several functions until their successors are duly elected or appointed and qualified but nothing herein is to apply to any officer whose office may be abolished by this Constitution
Par VIII The ordinances of this Convention shall have the force of laws until otherwise provided by the General Assembly except the ordinances in reference to submitting the homestead and capital question to a vote of the people which ordinances after being voted on shall have the effect of constitutional provisions
NoteUnder the Ordinance of the Convention submitting the question of the location of the Capital to the people the city of Atlanta was chosen December 5th 1877
ARTICLE XIII
AMENDMENTS to the constitution
Section I
Paragraph I Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed in the Senate or House of Representatives and if the same shall be agreed to by twothirds of the members elected to each of
29
the two Houses such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on their journals with the yeas and nays taken thereon And the General Assembly shall cause such amendment or amendments to be published in one or more newspapers in each Congressional District for two months previous to the time of holding the next general election and shall also provide for a submission of such proposed amendment or amendments to the people at said next general election and if the people shall ratify such amendment or amendments by a majority of the electors qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly voting thereon such amendment or amendments shall become a part of this Constitution When more than one amendment is submitted at the same time they shall be so submitted as to enable the electors to vote on each amendment separately
Par II No convention of the people shall be called by the General Assembly to revise amend or change this Constitution unless by the concurrence of twothirds of all the members of each House of the General Assembly The representation in said convention shall be based on population as near as practicable
Section II
Paragraph I The Constitution shall be submitted for ratification or rejection to the electors of the State at an election to be held on the first Wednesday in December one thousand eight hundred and seventyseven in the several election districts of this State at which election every person shall be entitled to vote who is entitled to vote for the members of the General Assembly under the Constitution and laws of force at the date of such election said election to be held and conducted as is now provided by law for holding elections for members of the General Assembly All persons voting at said election in favor of adopting the Constitution shall write or have printed on their ballots the words For Ratification and all persons opposed to the adoption of this Constitution shall write or have printed on their ballots the words Against Ratification
Par II The votes cast at said election shall be consolidated in each of the counties of this State as is now required by law in elections for members of the General Assembly and returns thereof made to the Governor and should a majority of all the votes cast at said election be in favor of ratification he shall declare the said Constitution adopted and make proclamation of the result of said election by publication in one or more newspapers in each Congressional District of the State but should a majority of the votes cast be against ratification he shall in the same manner proclaim the said Constitutiou rejected
ORDINANCES
AN ORDINANCE
B it rdained by the people of Georgia in Convention assembled
i st That the question of the location of the Capital of this State be kept out of the Constitution to be adopted by the Convention
2nd That at the first general election hereafter held for members of the General Assembly every voter may indorse on his ballot Atlanta or Milledgeville and the one of these places receiving the largest number oi votes shall be the Capital of the State until changed by the same authority and in the same way that may be provided for the alteration of the Constitution that may be adopted by the Convention whether said Constitution be ratified or rejected And that every person entitled to vote for members of the General Assembly under the present Constitution and laws of this State shall be entitled to vote under this ordinance and in the event of the rejection of said Constitution shall should a majority of votes cast be in favor of Milledgeville then this provision to operate and take effect as an amendment to the present Constitution
AN ORDINANCE
Be it ordained by the people of Georgia in Convention assembled and it is
hereby ordained by authority of the same
st That the article adopted by this Convention on the subject of Homestead and Exemption shall not form a part of this Constitution except as hereinafter provided
2nd At the election held for the ratification or rejection of this Constitution it shall be lawful for each voter to have written or printed on his ballot the words Homestead of 1877 or the words Homestead of 1868
3d In the event that a majority of the ballots so cast have indorsed upon them the words Homestead of 1877 then said article so adopted by this Convention shall form a part of the Constitution submitted if the same is ratified but in the event that said Constitution so submitted shall not be ratified then the article on Homestead and Exemptions so adopted as aforesaid by this Convention shall supersede article seventh of the Constitution of 1868 on the subject of Homestead and Exemptions and form a part of this Constitution
4th If a majority of the ballots so cast as aforesaid shall have indorsed upon them the words Homestead of 1868 then article seventh of the Constitution of 1868 shall supersede the article on Homestead and Exemptions adopted by this Convention and shall be incorporated in and form a part of the Constitution so submitted and ratified
Read and adopted in Convention August 22 1877
Attest C J Jenkins
President Constitutional Convention
James Cooper Nxsbet Secretary
31
AN ORDINANCE
Whereas a committee has been appointed by this Convention to cipnsider and inquire into the ways and means by which the expenses of this Convention over and above those provided for by the General Assembly can be defrayed and whereas the committee are satisfied that
Be it ordained by the people of Georgia in Convention assembled and it is hereby ordained by authority of the same
That the President of this Convention shall be and he is hereby empowered by authority of this Convention to negotiate a loan of a sufficient sum of money at seven per cent per annum to defray the residue of the expenses of this Convention not provided for by the Act of the General Assembly calling this Convention
Read and adopted in Convention August 18 1877
Be it ordained by the people of Georgia in Convention assembled
xst That the Constitution as adopted and revised be enrollc signed by the officers and members of this Convention
2nd That the Governor shall issue his proclamation ordering ai tion for mpmW l Hi n 1 K o
is Convention
Read and adopted in Convention August 25th 1877
of this Convention therefore
a sufficient sum of money for the same can be procured by an ordinance
fvf IniC I ntnmnfiAn 41
Attest
C J Jenkins
Bresident Constitutional Convention
James Cooper Nisbet Secretary
AN ORDINANCE
Attest
C J Jenkins
President Constitutional Convention
James Cooper Nisbet Secretary
AN ORDINANCE
gomcu U11L1JL uaugcu Dy law
Read and adopted in Gonvention August 23 1877 Attest
James Cooper Nisbet Secretary
AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION
Paragraph 15 of Section 7 Article 3 stricken out
Paragraph 1 Section 1 Article 7 amended by adding at the end of said paragraph the following words And to make suitable provision for such Confederate soldiers as may have been permanently injured in such service
See Acts of 18845
INDEX
TO THE
CONSTITUTION OF GEORGIA
NoTErReferences in the Index are made to the Article Section and Paragraph of the provision referred to the original division of the instrument being strictly followed
A
Absent member of Legislature attendance of compelled
Abuse under arrest or in prison prohibited
Of liberty of speech or press responsibility for
Academy incorporated exempt from taxation
Acceptors suits against where tried
Account of Treasurer to be published quarterly
Accusation copy to be furnished defendant on demand
Acts amending or repealing must describe the law affected
Local and private authority of
Must be signed by President of Senate and Speaker of House Bequiring twothirds voteyeas and nays must be recorded
Adjournment of Legislature by less than a majority
Consent of both Houses required when
Houses failing to agree Governor may adjourn them Besolutions of not submitted to Governor
Ad valorem Tax on property shall be
Aged and infirm persons entitled to Homestead
Aid of State to any religious denomination prohibited
To any person or corporation by lending credit or taking stock prohibited
To any person or corporation by donation or gratuity prohibited Aid of County or City to person or corporation prohibited Amendments to Appropriation and Bevenue bills by Senate
To Constitution
To statute or CQde form of amendment act
Animals special tax may be imposed on vicious ones
Appeal from one jury to another in Superior and City Courts
Prom Ordinary to Superior Court
Prom Justice of the Peace to Jury or Superior Court Appellate Jurisdiction of the Superior Court
A s p
3 4 4
1 9
1 1 15
7 2 2
6 16 5
3 7 11
1 1 5
3 7 17
12 1 4
3 7 13
3 7 21
3 4 4
3 7 24
3 7 24
5 1 17
7 2 1
9 1 1
1 1 14
7 5 1
7 16 1
7 6 1
3 7 10
13 1 1
3 7 17
7 2 1
6 4 6
6 6 1
6 7 2
6 4 4
34
INDEX TO THE
A S P
Appointment of Legislator to another office prohibited 3 4 7
By Governor to fill vacancies 5 1 14
Rejiected by Senate effect of 5 115
Of State School Commissioner 2 8 2 1
Apportionment of Representatives how changed 3 3 2
Appropriation Acts authority of 12 1 3
Bills general and special 3 7 6
Bills must originate in House of Representatives 3 7 10
Bills yeas and nays must he recorded on 3 7 12
Bills may he approved in part 5 1 16
Necessary to authorize payment by Treasurer 3 7 11
Eor University of Georgia and College for colored pupils 8 6 1
Approval of Governor to Bills 5 1 16
Of Governor to Resolutions and Orders 5 1
Arms right of citizens to hearmanner of hearing 1 1 22
Army of the State Governor is Commander of 6 1 11
Arrest abuse under prohibited A 1 v
Punishment for rescue from under order either House 3 7 2
Privilege of Elector from 2 3 1
Privilege of member Legislature from 3 7 3
Artificial limbs for Confederate soldiers 71 V
Assemble right of people to do so guaranteed 1 1 24
Associate Justices of Supreme Court 6 2 1
Atlanta City Court of errors corrected in Supreme Court 6 2 5
Attainder hill of prohibited 1 32
Attendance of members of the Legislature compelled 3 4 4
Attendance of members of Legislature privileges during 3 7 3
Attorney right to defend or prosecute by 1 1 4
Right of Defendant in criminal cases to have 1 1
General election of 6 10 1
General duties 6 10 2
General salary 6 13 1
General qualifications 6 14 1
Authority of Constitution treaties laws judgments etc 12 1
B

Bail shall not be excessive
Ballot election by the people shall he by 2 1 1
Banishment beyond the State prohibited 1 1 7
Banks may be incorporated by the Legislature 3 7 18
Bequests may be received by the University of Georgia 8 6 1
Bills number of readings necessary before passage 3 7 7
Majority of all members in favor of necessary to passage 3 7 1
Rejected not again proposed without consent of twothirds 3 7 13
Appropriation and Revenue must originate in House 3 7 10
Appropriations general and special requisites of 3 7 0
Appropriations must be passed by yeas and nays 3 7 12
Revision of by Governor Tetohow overruled 5 1 16
See Local Bills also Acts
CONSTITUTION OF GEORGIA
35
Bond required of Secretary of Senate and Clerk of House
Required of Sec of State ComptrollerGenl and Treasurer Required of Public Printer V 1
Bonded debt not to be increased
Sale of States property to be applied to
Of county or city provisions for meeting Bonds in cases involving an interested Judge cannot preside
Of State declared void not to be paid or submitted to suit Of Western Atlantic Railroad paid by proceeds of Road Boundaries of counties to remain as now till changed by law Bribery Cenviction of disqualifies for office or voting
Bridges established by the Courts not Legislature
Bridges Ordinarys jurisdiction in matters of
Bridges taxation by county to keep up
Borrowing money by State laws for must specify purpose
Buildings public exempt from taxation
Public tax by county to maintain i
Ordinarys jurisdiction
Burial places exempt from tax
c
Cnal Companies may be incorporated by Legislature
Capital location of ordinance concerning
Capitol site for may be donated to the State
Censure of member of Legislature for misconduct
Certiorari writs of may be issued by Judge Superior Court
Challenge of voter oath to be administered
Conviction of sending or excepting disqualifies for office
Charitable institutions public exempt from taxation
Public aid from county or city
Charter of Corporations amended on conditions
Chief Justice of Supreme Court presides in impeachment trials See Supreme Court
Children legitimatized and names changed by the Courts
Church not to receive money from the State
Citizens of the State who are and right to protection
Of the State entitled to vote when
City aid by donation or taking stock prohibited
Consent before Street Railroad can be built in
Courts of the State need not be uniform
Court appeals and new trials in
Court errors corrected in Supreme Court
Court Judge may serve in Supreme Court when
Debt to be incurred by limited
Debt bonded provisions for meeting
Debt not to be assumed by State
Debt to be incurred only by authority of City Government
Public Schools may be maintained by tax
Civil authority superior to the military
Cases where tried
A s p
3 8 1
5 2 6
7 17 1
7 12 1
7 13 1
7 7 2
6 2 3
7 11 1
7 13 1
11 1 1
2 2 1
3 7 18
6 6 2
7 6 2
7 4 1
7 2 2
7 6 2
6 6 2
7 2 2
3 7 18
12 1 8
7 6 1
3 7 1
6 4 5
2 1 2
2 4 2
7 2 2
7 6 1
4 2 3
3 5 4
3 7 18
1 1 14
1 1 25
2 1 2
7 6 1
3 7 20
6 9 1
6 4 6
6 2 5
6 5 1
7 7 1
7 7 2
7 8 1
7 10 1
8 4 1
1 1 19
6 16 6
36
INDEX TO THE
Civil Continued
jji A S P
Cases judgment by Court without Jury when 6 4 7
Cases Yenue how changed 6 17 1
Jurisdiction of Superior Court 6 4 3
Jurisdiction of Justices Court 6 7 2
Clerical expenses of Treas Sec of State and ComptrollerGeneral 5 2 234
Clerk of House of Representatives Compensation and Bond of 3 8 1
Clerks of the Governor 5 1 19
Code sections not amended or repealed by reference to numbers 3 7 17
Colleges exempt from taxation 7 2 2
Bor colored pupils 8 0 1
Colored pupils College for 8 6 1
Colored and white Public Schools to be separate 8 1 1
Commissioner of Schools appointment and salary of 8 2 1
Commissioners of county affairs authorized 6 19 1
Commissioners of county affairs authorized H 8 1
Committee on Local and Special hills
Common law Courts may he clothed with equity jurisdiction 6 4 2
Common School system See Education 81 1
Commutation power in the Governor
Tax for military service goes to Schools 8 3 1
q 7 1 ft
Companies incorporation of I
Yolunteer military organization of 10 1 2
Compensation for private ways and public use of property 1 3 1
Of Clerk of House and Secretary of Senate 3 8 1
Of Jurors how fixed 6 18
Extra not be granted officers or contractors 7 16 2
Competition arrangements by corporations to defeat void 4 2 4
ComptrollerGeneral must license Life Insurance Companies 3 12 2
Supervise deposits of Life Insurance Companies 3 12 3
Officer of Executive Department 51 1
Examination suspension and discharge of 5 1 18
Election of i A 521
Salary and Clerkshire 524
Eligibility and Bond of 2
Perquisites not allowed to
Must report to Governor 7 15 1
Confederate Soldiers to be provided with artificial limbs 7 1 1
Public debt not to be paid 7 11 1
Conscience right of not to be controlled v 1 1 12
Liberty of does not excuse licentiousness 1 1 13
Consent of parties to vary general law in individual cases 1 4 1
City to building Street Railroads within its limits 3 7 20
Constitution of Georgia may be altered or abolished by the people 15 1
Authority of 42 2
Amendments of
1 q I o
Amendments by Convention
To be submitted to the people v 13 2 1
And United Stateslaws in violation of void 1 4 2
Of United States authority of 42 1 4
Constitutional Convention provisions to call 13 1 2
CONSTITUTION OF GEORGIA 37
A T g p
Construction of Constitution not to deny rights not enumerated 15 5
Contempt limitation of Courts power to punish for 1 1 20
Either House of General Assembly may punish for 3 7 2
Contested Election for Governor 5 j g
Contracts laws impairing obligation of void 1 3 2
By Government releasing power to tax void 41 1
By Government heretofore made not impaired 4 2 6
Between corporations defeat Competition void 424
Judgments on without verdict when g 4 7
Jurisdiction of Justices Courts in cases of 6 7 2
Contractor not to receive extra compensation from Government 7 16 2
Conventionsee Constitutional Convention and Ordinances
Conviction costs not to be exacted of defendant until 1 1 10
Does not work corruption or forfeiture 1 2 3
Of certain offenses disfranchises 2 2 1
Impeachment vote necessary 3 5 4
Dueling disqualifies for office 2 4 2
Copartners suits against where tried 6 16 4
Coroners County Tax to pay 7 g 2
Corporate Powers what may be granted by Legislature 3 7 18
Corporators not to he damaged by revocation of charter 1 3 3
Corporations subject to police power and eminent domain 4 2 2
Legislation in favor of conditional 4 2 3
Acts of to defeat competition and monopolize void 4 2 4
Right to tax not to be released 7 2 5
State not to take stock in aid or lend credit to 7 7 5 1
County or City not to take stock in aid or lend credit to 7 6 1
Donations to from State prohibited 7 lg 4
Authority of rights already accrued to 12 1 5
Municipal see City
Costs not payable by defendant till conviction 1 1 10
In Supreme Court eg 6 21 1
County Commissioners may he created 1 f 6 19 1
Debt to he incurred by limited 7 7 4
Debt not to be assumed by State 7 8 1
Debt Bonded provisions for meeting 7 7 2
Not to aid or take stock in Corporation 7 g 1
Public Schools may he maintained by 8 4 1
Matters Ordinarys jurisdiction g g 2
Officers election term qualification and removal 11 2 1
Officers and tribunals to be uniform in the State 11 3 1
Is a body Corporate suits of and boundaries 11 1 1
New one not to be created 11 1 2
Lines and Site how changed 11 1 34
Merger of 11 1 5
Special Acts authority of 12 1 4
Corruption of blood not worked by conviction 1 2 8
Courts power to punish for contempt limited 1 1 20
Power in matters denied to Legislature 3 7 18
Of the State i 6 1 1
1
38
INDEX TO THE
Courts Continued
a s P
Not mentioned in Constitution may be abolished 6 20 1
Of Common Law may be vested with Equity jurisdiction 6 4 2
Of same grade throughout State must be uniform 6 9 1
Courtstax to pay expenses of 7 6 2
Jurisdiction against Homestead denied 9 2 1
Authority of judgments and decrees of 12 1 5
Existing judgments and decrees of ratified 12 1 6
See also Supme Superior City and Justices Courts Credit of State not to be pledged to Corporationsor persons 7 5 1
Creditors law to be provided for reaching concealed property of debtor 12 6
Not to be damaged by revocation of Charter 1 8 3
Crime conviction in what cases disfranchises 2 2 1
Lobbying declared to be 1 2 5
Criminal Cases Jury judges of law and fact 1 2 1
Judge may grant new trial on conviction 12 1
Jurisdiction of Superior Court 6
Eights of defendant in 1 1 5
Where tried 6 16 6
Venue when changed IT 1
D
Damages jurisdiction of Justices Courts in cases of 6 7 1
Death of Governor vacancy how filled 5 1 8
Officer vacancy how filled 5 1 14
Debate liability of Legislators for words spoken in 3 7 3
Debt Public taxation to pay 7 1 1
Public new debt contracted to pay 7 3 1
Power of State to contract restricted 7 3 1
Of County taxation to pay 762
Power of City or County to contract restricted 7 7 1
To be incurred by City only on authority of City Government 7 10 1
Of County or City not to be assumed by State 7 8 1
Voidand Confederate against State not to be paid 7 11 1
Debtor Concealing Property provisions against 1 2 6
May waive Homestead 9 3 1
May waive Exemptions of the old Code 9 5 1
Decrees of Court authority and ratification of 12 1 56
Defaulters of public moneys disqualified for Legislature 3 4 7
Defend or prosecute in person or by attorney right to 1 1 4
Defense under oath not filed Court to render judgment when 6 4 7
Of State debts may be contracted for 7 3 1
Deficiency of Eevenue in State supplied by borrowing 7 3 1
Of Eevenue in City and County supplied by borrowing 7 7 1
Deposit required of Insurance Companies 3 12
Of public funds Treasurer to receive no profit from 525
Disabilities may be removed by Governor 5 1 12
Discrimination in Tariff by Eailroad regulated 4 2 1
Disorderly behavior in presence of Legislature punished 3 7 12
CONSTITUTION OF GEORGIA
39
AS P
Disqualification to hold office or vote 2 2 1
Eeligious opinion is not 1 j 13
To hold office in more than one department 1 1 23
Of illegal holders of public money 2 4 1
Of Duelists 2 4 2
For Legislature and of legislator to other office 3 4 7
Resulting from Impeachment 3 g g
Of J udge of Supreme Court who presides 6 2 2
Judge of Superior Court who presides g 4 9
Judge of Superior Court when there is a City Judge 6 5 1
Of interested Judge in bond cases 6 2 3
Districts Senatorial number composition and change of 3 212 3
Divorce exclusive jurisdiction in Superior Court 6 4 1
First and second verdicts in cases of 6 lg j2
Suits where tried g 6 16 1
Domestic Animals of vicious nature special tax on 7 2 1
Animals tax on goes to educational purposes 8 1 1
Donations by State prohibited 7 16 1
By State to University allowed 8 6 1
Drawer and Acceptor suits against where tried 6 16 5
Dueling conviction of disqualifies for office 2 4 2
E
Education Common School System established 8 1 1
Commissioner of Public Schools 8 2 1
Confined to English in local public schools 7 6 2
Confined to English in State public schools 8 1 1
Poll Tax for purposes of 7 2 3
Special Tax for purposes of 8 3 1
Taxation for purposes of by State 7 1 1
Taxation for purposes of by City or County 7 6 2
Appropriations for purposes of by City or County v 7 6 1
Election by the people shall he by ballot 2 1 1
By the Legislature shall be viva voce 3 10 1
Days furnishing Liquor on prohibited 2 5 1
Privilege of Electors while attending 2 3 1
Precincts changed by Courts not Legislature 3 7 18
Returns where made 2 6 1
Of members General Assembly 3 4 2
Members General Assembly each House to judge of 3 7 1
President Of the Senate 6 3 g 2
Speaker of the House of Representatives 3 6 2
Governor g 13
Governor returns how made 5 14
Returns open and published g 1 g
Governor hv General Assembly g 1 g
Contested g 1 6
Special g j 9
To fill vacancies in General Assembly 5 1 13
Of Secretary of State Comptroller General and Treasurer 5 2 1
40
INDEX TO THE
ElectionsContinued
a s P
Judges of Supreme Court 6 2 4
Judges Superior Court 63 2
Judges SupremeSuperior Courts and SolicitorGeneral 6 12 1
Justices of the Peace 6 7 3
AttorneyGeneral 6 10 1
By City or County on creating a new Debt 7 7 1
City or County on School question 8 4 1
To change County Site 11 1 4
Merge one County into another 11 1
Election of County Officers 11 2 J1
On amendments to Constitution 13 1 11
Ratification of Constitution 13 2
Electors who shall be so deemed 2 1 p
Registration of may be provided for 2 2 f
Privileges of while attending elections 2 3 1
Embezzlement of public funds disfranchises 2 2 1
Eminent Domain not to be abridged in favor of Corporations 422
Encumbrances Homestead liable for removal of 9 2 1
Endorsers suits against where tried 6 16 5
Equal Rights not to be infringed by Corporations 4 2 1
Equity Cases where tried 1
Jurisdiction is in Superior Court 6 4 1
Jurisdiction may be conferred on Common Law courts 642
Errors in Superior and City Courts corrected in Supreme Court 6 2 5
Of inferior judicatories corrected by Certiorari 6 4 5
Estate not forfeited by conviction 1 2 3
Excessive Bail and Pines forbidden 1 9
Executive Legislative and Judicial Departments are distinct 1 1 23
Department officers of 5 1 1
Department officers of repprt suspension and removal of 5 1 18
Powers visited in Governor 5 1 2
Exemptions from Taxation and void Exemptions 7 2245
Prom Levy and Sale 9 1 1
Prom Levy and Sale waiver of 9 3 1
Prom Levy and Sale under Debtors Act not repealed 9 4 1
From Levy and Sale under Debtors Act waiver of 9 5 1
Exhibitions special tax on goes to Public Schools 8 3 1
Expens of Clerks and Secretaries to Governor 5 1 19
Of Clerks of Secretary of State ComptrollerGenl and Treasr 5 22 3 4
Ex Post Facto Law not to be passed 1 3 2
Express Companies chartered by Legislature 3 7 18
Expulsion of Member of General Assembly for misconduct 3 7 1
Extra Session of Legislature before November 1st 1878 3 4 3
Session of Legislature may be called by Governor 5 1 13
Compensation not to be allowed by Government 7 16 2
F
Family each Head of entitledto Homestead 9 1 1
Pees not allowed officers of Executive Department 5 2 7
Not allowed AttorneyGeneral6 13 1
CONSTITUTION OF GEORGIA
41
Felony exclusive jurisdiction in Superior Court 6 4 1
Females persons having care of entitled to Homestead 9 i i
Ferries established hy Courts not Legislature 3 7 jg
Ordinarys jurisdiction concerning g g 2
Fines imposed must not be excessive 4 1 9
Imposed on member of Legislature for misconduct 3 7 1
Fire Insurance Companies deposit required of 3 12 4
Foreign Power Governor to receive no Emolument from 5 1 2
Forfeiture of Estate not brought about by Conviction 1 2 8
Of He cognizance relieved against when 3 7 19
Of Charter remitted only on Conditions 4 2 8
Fraud Legislature may provide Punishment for 1 2 6
Judgments attacked for 12 15
Free Schoolssee Education 811
Freight on Railroad subject to regulation hy law 4 2 1
Rebate not allowed nor deceit as to amount charged 4 2 5
Furniture waiver of Exemption not good against all 9 3 l
Funds of County Ordinarys jurisdiction g g 2
Of Public officers not to profit from use of 7 9 1
Sinking provided for 7 14 1
G
General Assembly
Consisting of Senate and House is the Legislative power 3 1 1
Members of elected for two years 3 4 l
Election when held 3 4 2
Election returns where made 2 6 1
Attendance of required 3 4 4
Oath of g g
Who are disqualified to he 3 4 7
Disqualified for certain other offices 3 4 7
Hot to profit from use of public funds 7 9 4
Hot to be interested in public printing 7 17 1
Seats of vacated by removal 3 4 g
Punished for misconduct in each House 3 7 1
Privileges of 373
Per diemand mileage of 3 9 4
Majority of all necessary to passage of bill 3 7 14
Officers of who are g g 1
Quorum of to transact business 3 4 4
Adjournment by less than a quorum 3 4 4
Adjournment for more than three days c 3 7 24
Elections by shall he viva voce 310 1
Of Judges of Supreme Court by 1st election 624
Of Judges of Superior Court by 1st election 6 3 2
Of Judges of Supme and Supr Courts SolieitorsGenl 6 12 1
Of Governor by when 5 1 5
Of Governor contested determined by 5 1 6
May pardon commute or reprieve for treason 5 1 12
42
INDEX TO THE
General AssemblyContinued
a s p
May direct affixing of the Great Seal 5 3 1
Sessions of are Biennial 3 4 3
Of limtd to 40 days unless prolngd by a twothirds vote 3 4 6
Of extra may be called by Governor 5 1 13
Of joint beld in Representative Hall 3 10 1
Each House of may compel attendance of members 3 4 4
Is judge of election and qualification of its members 3 7 1
May punish for misconduct 3 7 12
Must keep a Journal 3 7 4
Has general power of legislation 3 7 22
HAS POWER BY LAW TO
Provide punishment for fraud 1 2 6
For registration of voters 2 2 1
For removal Secrery State ComptrGenl and Treasurer 5 1 18
For appeals in Superior and City Courts 6 4 6
For appointment of Judge pro hac vice 6 4 9
Commissioners for County affairs 6 19 1
For organizing the Militia 10 1 1
Prescribe manner of bearing arms 1 1 22
Humber of Jurors in Inferior Courts 6 18 1
Who shall vote on School questions 8 4 1
Change Senatorial Districts when 3 2 3
Apportionment of Representatives 3 3 2
Governors Salary by twothirds vote 5 1 2
Salaries of Judges Attorneys and SolicitorsGeneral 6 13 2
Substitute another officer for School Commissioner 8 2 1
Establish Courts 6 1 1
Abolish Courts not named in Constitution 6 20 1
Confer Equity jurisdiction on Common Law Courts 6 4 2
Authorize formation of Volunteer Companies 10 1 2
Require Fire Insurance Companies to make deposits 3 12 4
Subject corporate property to public use when 4 2 2
Sell States property 7 13 1
Make donations to University of Georgia 8 6 1
Make donations to College for colored people 8 6 1
Amend Constitution in manner provided 13 1 1
Call Constitutional Convention as provided 13 1 2
SHALL BY LAW
Limit power of Courts to punish for Contempt 1 1 20
Protect citizens in their rights 1 1 25
Provide penalty against Lottery Agents 1 2 4
Provide penalty against Lobbying 1 2 5
Prohibit furnishing Liquor on election days 2 5 1
Provide penalty against Treasurer receiving unlawful fee 5 2 5
Provide for reaching concealed property of Debtor 1 2 6
Compel Insurance Companies to report to Governor 3 12 5
Regulate Freight and Passenger tariff 4 2 1
Enforce provisions against monopolies c 4 2 7
Establish uniformity in local tribunals 6 9 1
CONSTITUTION OF GEORGIA
43
General AssemblyContinued
a s p
Provide for selection and compensation of Jurors 6 18 23
A Sinking Fund 7 14 1
For letting Public Printing to highest bidder 7 17 1
Setting apart and valuation of Homestead 9 4 l
For appeals in Superior and City Courts 6 4 6
SHALL NOT PASS ANY LAW
To restrain or curtail liberty of speech or press 1 l 15
Respecting social status of citizens 1 1 18
Of Attainder ex post facto impairing contracts 1 3 2
Making irrevocable grants of special privileges 1 3 2
To revoke grants to injury of creditors or corporators 1 3 3
Of special nature when general law provides 1 4 1
Varying general law affecting private rights without consent 14 1
In violation of Constitution of Georgia or the United States 14 2
Referring to more than one matter or different from title 378
Incorporating companies except of class named 3 7 18
Relieving against Recognizancesexcept as stated 3 7 19
Authorizing Street Railroad in city without citys consent 3 7 20
For benefit of particular corporations except on conditions 4 2 3
Authorizing one corporation to buy stock in another 4 2 4
County or City to aid persons or Corporations 7 6 1
Payment of void bonds or Confederate debts 7 11 1
Granting donation or gratuity to persons or Corporations 7 16 1
Extra compensation to officers or contractorsI 7 16 2
See Tax
God may be worshipped according to dictates of conscience 1 1 12
Governor an officer of the Executive Department 5 1 1
Executive powers vested in 5 1 2
Salary term and limitation of terms of office 5 1 2
Election installation and terms of election of 5 1 3 4
Of by the Legislature when 5 1 5
Qualification and oath of 5 1 710
Death resignation or disability of 5 1 8
Secretaries and Clerks of 5 1 49
Is Commander of the Army and conservator of the Peace 5 11112
May adjourn the Legislature when 3 7 24
Call Extra Session of Legislature 5 113
Direct affixing of the Great Seal 5 3
Pardon reprieve commute and remit penalties 5 112
Remove disabilities 5 1 12
With the Treasurer loan the Sinking Fund 7 14 1
Require services of AttorneyGeneral 6 10 2
Shall order elections to fill vacancies in Legislature 5 1 13
Fill vacancies in other offices 5 1 14
Offices of Judges and SolicitorsGeneral 6 12 1
Appoint State School Commissioner 8 2 1
Judge to preside in Supreme Court when 6 2 2
Commission Notaries Public exofficio Justices of Peace 6 8 1
Examine and publish Report of Compr and Treasurer 7 15 1
Proclaim result of Election on Constitution 13 2 2
44
INDEX TO THE
Governor Continued
a s P
Cannot appoint member of Legislature to office 3 4 7
A person rejected by Senate when 5 1 15
Has revision of bills and resolutions of Legislature 5 1 17
Supervision over Executive officers 5 1 18
Government originates with people duty of 1 1 42
Exclusive right of the people to regulate 1 5 1
Legislative Executive and Judicial Departments distinct 1 1 23
Support of by taxation 7 1 1
Grants limiting power to tax void 4 1 1
Irrevocable of special privileges void 1 3 2
Not to be revoked so as to work injustice 1 3 3
Great Seal of the State use and device of 5 3 1
Guardian of minors entitled to Homestead9 1 1
H
Habeas Corpus Writ shall not be suspended 1 1 11
Head of Eamily entitled to Homestead 9 1 V
Homestead and Exemption to whom allowed and amount of 9 1 1
Not subject to levy and sale 9 2 1
Waiver and sale of 9 3 1
Setting apart of to be provided for 9 4 1
Supplemental 9 6 1
Already allowed good against old debts 9 7 1
Ordinance effect of 12 1 8
Of 1868 sales of confirmed 9 8 1
Of 1868 sales and reinvestments of 9 9 1
Under Debtors Act not repealed 9 4 1
Under Debtors Act Waiver of 9 5 1
House secure from search except as provided 1 1 16
Soldiers not to be quartered in except as provided 1 1 19
Of Representativesisee Representatives
Household furniture waiver of exemption on 9 3 1
Husbands debts wifes property not liable for 3 11 1
I
Idiots disqualified to vote or hold office 2 2 1
Immunities special not to be irrevocably granted 1 3 2
Not to be revoked so as to work injustice 1 3 3
Impeachment power in House of Representatives 3 6 3
Powerto tryin the Senate 3 5
Chief Justice to preside at trial of 3 5 4
Vote necessary to convict 3 6 4
Effect of conviction 6 5 5
Governor cannot pardon in case of 6 4 12
Imprisonment abuse under forbidden 11 9
For debt prohibited 4 4 21
For misbehavior in presence of Legislature 3 7 12
CONSTITUTION OF GEORGIA
45
Improvement on Homestead is part of
Indictment copy to be furnished defendant on demand
Inferior Judicatories errors of corrected by Certiorari
Infirm persons entitled to Homestead
Inherent rights not enumerated and not denied
Insane persons not entitled to vote or hold office
Inspection by Governor of Executive Offices
Installation of Governor
Insurance Department expense of
Companies to make reports to Governor
Chartered by Legislature
Eire deposit made with Treasurer
Foreign and Home Life deposits required
Foreign Life ComptrollerGeneral to license
Interest on Public Debt taxation authorized to pay
Intoxicating drinks not to be furnished on election days
Insurrection and invasion in time of Bills may pass summarily
Tax to suppress
Bonded debt incurred to suppress
Debts contracted to suppress i
Contracted by city or county to suppress assumed by State Invasion see Insurrection
Investment of funds raised by sale of homestead
Irrevocable grants of special privileges void
J
Jeopardy more than once for same offense prohibited
Joint obligors suit against where tried
Owner in property State shall not become
Journal each House of General Assembly shall keep
Original preserved in office of Secretary of State
Yeas and nays to be recorded in at request of onefifth Yeas and nays to be recorded in when twothird vote is required Must show majority of all members voted for bills passed
Must contain proposed amendments to Constitution
Of House must contain vote of elections by Legislature Judge disqualified to preside in bond cases if interested in the bonds
Pro hac vies Legislature may authorize
May grant new trials in cases of conviction
See Suprem Superior and City Courts
Judicial Legislative and Executive Departments distinct
Powers of the State where vested
Judiciary to declare unconstitutional acts void
Judgment of Impeachment extent of
Of Supreme Court maybe withheld one termv
Without verdict of Jury when
Of Courts authority of
Heretofore rendered ratified
Jurisdiction of Supreme Court
Of Superior Court
A s p
9 2 1
1 1 5
6 4 5
9 1 1
1 5 2
2 2 1
5 1 18
5 1 3
5 2 4
3 12 5
3 7 18
3 12 4
3 12 13
3 12 2
7 1 1
2 6 1
3 7 7
7 1 1
7 12 1
7 3 1
7 8 1
9 3 1
1 3 2
1 1 8
6 16 4
7 5 1
3 7 4
3 7 5
3 7 6
3 7 21
3 7 14
13 1 1
3 10 1
6 2 3
6 4 9
1 2 1
1 1 23
6 1 1
1 4 2
3 5 5
6 2 7
6 4 7
12 1 5
12 1 6
6 2 5
6 4 1
46
INDEX TO THE
Jurisdiction Continued
a s p
Of Superior Court appellate 6 4 4
Of Ordinary 6 6 1
Of Ordinary County matters 6 6 2
Of Justices of the Peace 6 7 2
Against homesteads denied 9 2 1
Jury right of trial by an impartial r 1 1 5
Eight of trial by guaranteed 6 18 1
Judges of law and fact in criminal cases 1 2 1
Appeal from one to another in Superior and City Courts 6 4 6
Prom Justice of the Peace to 6 7 2
Grand to recommend Commissioned Notary for appointment 6 8 1
Grand and Traverse selection and qualification of 6 18 2
Compensation of how fixed 6 18 3
Tax by county to pay 7 6 2
Justice of the Peace may he member of Legislature 3 4 7
Part of Judiciary 6 1 1
Election Commission and Kemoval of 6 7 3
Term of 6 7 1
Jurisdiction Sessions and Appeals 6 7 2
ExOfficio 6 8 1
K
Kiichen furniture waiver of exemption of 9 3 1
L
Labor done on Homestead Homestead is liable for 9 2 1
Land cases involving title to brought in Superior Court 6 4 1
Cases involving title to tried at what place 6 16 2
Homestead and Exemption on 9 1 1
Larceny conviction of disfranchises 2 2 1
Law due process of required to affect rights of persons 1 1 3
Laws of general nature must have uniform operation 1 4 1
Of general nature affecting private rights how varied 1 4 1
Unconstitutional are void 1 4 2
Por more than one matter or different from title void 3 7 8
Majority vote of all members necessary to pass 3 7 14
Por tax shall he general 7 2 1
Not repealed or amended by reference to title alone 3 7 17
Por borrowing money must he specific 7 4 1
To change County lines must he a general law 11 1 3
Of general operation 12
Of United States authority of 12 1 1
Of Georgia authority of 12 1 8
Local and Special authority of 12 1 4
See Local also General Assembly
Learning Seminaries of exempt from taxation 7 2 2
Legislative power is in General Assembly 3 1 1
Executive and Judicial Departments distinct 1 1 23
Legislaturesee General Assembly
CONSTITUTION OF GEORGIA
47
Legitimate Children power in Courts 3 7 ig
Levy and Sale exemptions from g 2 I
Libels in prosecutions for truth may be given in evidence 12 1
Liberty person to be deprived of only by due process of law 1 1 3
Not to be jeopardized but once for same offense 1 1 g
Of Conscience not to be controlled 1 1 12
Of speech or press not to be curtailed j 115
Libraries Public may be exempt from taxation 7 2 2
Licentiousness not excused on account of liberty of Conscience 1 1 13
Life person not to be deprived of but by due process of law 113
Not to be jeopardized but once for same offense 1 1 g
Crimes involving jurisdiction in Superior Court 6 4 1
See Insurance
Lines of County to be changed under operation of general law 11 1 3
Liquor special tax on for Educational purposes 831
N ot to be furnished on Election days 2 51
List of witnesses to be furnished defendant on demand 1 1 5
Litigation tax by County to pay expenses of 7 g 2
Literary Associations may be exempt from taxation 7 2 2
Loans to State for casual deficiencies of revenue 7 3 1
County or City for casual deficiencies of revenue 7 7 1
Of Sinking Fund by Governor and Treasurer 7 14 j
Lobbying is a crime Legislature must provide a penalty 1 2 5
Publication of before passed 3 7 16
Acts authority of i 22 1 4
School Systems existing not affected hereby g 5 q
Lottery Tickets sale of prohibited 1 2 4
M
Macon and Brunswick Bailroad if sold proceeds where applied 7 13 1
Majority of each branch of Legislature constitute quorum 3 4 4
Of all members of each House necessary to pass bill 3 7 14
Malfeasance in otfice disfranchises 2 2 1
Malpractice in office by Justice of the Peace removal for 6 7 3
Mandamus issued by J udge of Superior Court 6 4 5
Marriage does not divest wife of her property 3 11 1
Material furnished Homestead it is liable for 9 2 1
Matter different from title not to be contained in bill 3 7 g
Members of General Assemblysee General Assembly
Merger of counties U 5
Message of Governor g 1 13
Mileage of members of the General Assembly 3 9 1
Military authority subordinate to Civil 1 1 19
Commission except in Militia disqualifies for Legislature 3 4 7
Service commutation for goes to Public Schools g 3 1
Companies Volunteer organizations 10 1 2
Companies Volunteer paid only when called by State 10 1 3
48
INDEX TO THE
A S P
Militia officers may be members of Legislaturev 3 4 7
Governor is CommanderinChief of 5 1 11
District one Justice of the Peace for each 6 7 1
District one commissioned Notary for each 6 8 1
Organization of may be provided for 10 1 1
Paid only when called out by State 10 1 3
Minors family of entitled to Homestead 9 1 1
Ministerial officer not to levy on Homestead 92 1
Misconduct of member of Legislature bow punished 3 7 1
Mistrial in criminal cases authorizes a second trial 11 8
Money not to be donated by State to any church c 1 1 14
Illegal holders of public disqualified for office 2 4 1
Public defaulters of disqualified for Legislature 3 4 7
Authority and manner of drawing from Treasury 3 7 11
Borrowed by State laws for and use of 7 4 1
Monopoly provisions against 4 2 4
Municipal Corporation See City5
N
Names of children changed by Courts 3 7 18
Navigation Companies chartered by Legislature 8 7 18
N avy of State Governor is Commander of 5 1 11
New trial in criminal cases authorizes second trial 1 1 8
In criminal cases may be granted on conviction1 12 1
May be granted by Superior and City Court 6 4 3
Counties not to be formed 44 1 2
Notaries Public commissioned part of Judiciary 4
Appointment commission and powers 8 8 1
Novation of charter what shall so operate 4 2 3
o
Oath of voter if challenged jjj 2 1 2
Of member of General Assembly 3 4 6
Of Governor 1 10
To pleas
Obligation of contracts not to be impaired by law 4 3 2
Of contracts heretofore made by State binding 4 2 6
Office illegal holders of public money ineligible for 2 4 1
Who may not hold 2 2 1
Impeachment removes from and disqualifies for 3 5 5
Profiting from use of public money disqualifies for 7 9 1
Conviction of Duelingdisqualifies for 2 4 2
Religious opinion does not disqualify for 1 1 13
In gift of Governor or Legislature legislator disqualified for 3 47
Malfeasance in disfranchises 2 21
Officers are trustees of the people and amenable to them 1 1 1
Of one department disqualified to act in another 1 1 23
Returns of election of where made 2 6 1
Of State or the United States disqualified for Legislature 3 4 7
CONSTITUTION OF GEORGIA 49
Officers Continued
a s p
Of Militia or Justice of the Peace maybe legislator 3 4 7
Of General Assembly who are 5 1 1
Of Executive Department who are 3 8 1
Of Executive Department report suspension and removal of 5 1 18
Profiting from use of public fund punishable 7 9 1
Extra compensation to after service prohibited 7 16 2
Not to be interested in Public Printing 7 17 1
Not to levy on Homestead 9 2 1
Of County election removal and qualification of 11 2 1
Of county to be uniform except Commissioners 11 3 1
Now existing to continue till successor qualified 12 1 7
Order passed by Legislature must have Governors approval 5 1 17
Ordinances rejected not to be again proposed unless by twothirds vote 3 7 13
Must have but one subject matter and same as title 3 7 8
Of the Convention authority of 12 1 3
Of the Convention to have effect of laws 12 1 8
See Ordinances in Appendix
Ordinary Courts of part of Judiciary 6 1 1
Courts of jurisdiction of 6 6 1
Term of office 6 6 3
Origin of Government is with the people 1 1 1
P
Papers secure from search and seizure except as provided 1 1 16
Pardon removes political disabilities of convict 2 2 1
Of Duelists removes political disabilities of convict 2 4 2
Power in Governor must report to the Legislature 6 1 12
Passage of Bills readings necessary 3 7 7
Of Bills majority of all members necessary 3 7 14
Passenger Tariffrestriction on 4 2 15
Paupers jurisdiction of Ordinary t 6 6 2
Affidavit relieves from costs in Supreme Court 6 21 1
Tax for support ofV 7 6 2
Pay see Compensation Salary
Peace soldiers not to be quartered in houses in time of 1 1 19
Governor is conservator of 5 1 12
Penitentiary crimes punishable in to be tried in Superior Court 6 4 1
Per diem of members of the Legislature 3 9 1
Perquisites not allowed officers Executive Department 5 2 7
Not allowed AttorneyGeneral 6 13 1
Erom use of public funds by officers punishable 7 9 1
Persons and property to be protected by Government 1 1 2
Not to be molested for religious opinions 1 1 13
Bights not to be affected but by due process of law 1 1 3
May prosecute or defend in person or by attorney 1 1 4
Charged with offenses rights of 1 1 5
Life or Liberty not to be jeopardized but once for same crime 1 1 8
Houses and papers secure from illegal search 1 116
Personalty amount of exemption of from levy and sale 9 1 1
50
INDEX TO THE
A S P
Petition and remonstrance right of guaranteed 1 1 24
Pleas under oath in certain bases required 6 4 7
Police of the State right of people to regulate 1 5 1
Power not abridged in favor of corporations 4 2 2
Policy holders in Life Insurance Companies protected 3 12 13
Poll tax not to exceed one dollar 7 2 3
Goes to educational purposes 8 3 1
Practice in courts of same grade to he uniform 6 9 1
Precincts for elections how changed 3 7 18
President of Senate elected by Senate viva voce 3 5 2
Must sign acts v r 3 7 13
Per diem 3 9 1
Presides in joint session 3 10 1
Acts as Governor when 5 1 8
Press liberty of not to be curtailed 1 1 15
Printing public to he let to lowest bidder 7 17 1
Prisoners not to he abused li 1 1 9
Tax for support of by counties 7 6 2
Private ways to he allowed only on compensation paid 1 3 1
Acts authority of 12 1 4
Eights accrued by law authority of 12 1 5
Privileges special not to be irrevocably granted 1 3 2
Special not he revoked so as to do injustic 1 3 3
Probate jurisdiction in Ordinary 6 6 1
Proceedings of Legislature to be kept in journals 3 7 4
Of courts of same grade to he uniform 6 9 1
Process of law necessary to affect persons in their rights 1 1 3
Proclamation of Governor calling extra session 5 1 13
Of Governor on ratification of Constitution 13 2 2
Prohibition writs of issued by Judge of Superior Court 6 4 5
Prolongation of Legislative session by twothirds vote 3 4 6
Kesolution not submitted to Governor 3 7 23
Promissory notes suits on where tried 6 16 5
Property of person not to he molested for religious opinions 1 113
Protection to shall he impartial and complete 1 1 2
Not taken for public use without compensasion 1 3 1
Concealed by debtor to he reached by law 1 2 6
Of wife not subject to husbands debts 3 11 1
List of exempt from tax V 7 2 2
Amount of exempt from levy and sale 9 1 1
Protection to person and property paramount duty of Government 112
Prosecution rights of defendants in cases of 1 1 5
Provision waiver of exemption of restricted 9 3 1
Public Punds embezzlement of disfranchises 2 2 1
Officer not to receive profit from us of 7 9 1
Treasurer not to receive profit from use of 5 2 5
See Money
Public use of private property without compensation prohibited 1 3 1
Buildings jurisdiction of Ordinary 6 6 2
Buildings tax by county for authorized 7 6 2
CONSTITUTION OF GEORGIA 51
Public Continued
a s p
Debt and institutions tax for 7 1 1
Property charitable institutions and libraries exempt from tax 7 2 2
Printing let to lowest bidder 7 17 1
Printing officersof Government not to be interested in 7 17 1
School system see Education 811
Publication of ones sentiments right of not to be curtailed 1 116
Journal of General Assembly 3 7 4
Receipts and disbursements of Treasury 3 7 11
Intention to introduce Local Bills 3 7 16
Reports of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer 7 15 1
Proposed amendment to Constitution 13 1 1
Punishment for crime by whipping or banishment prohibited 117
Por contempt by Courts limited 1 1 20
Not to be cruel or unusual 1 1 9
Purchase of State Bonds with sinking fund 7 14 1
Money homestead liable for 9 2 1
Purchasers of old homestead how affected 9 8 1
Q
Qualification for Governor 6 1 7
Por Senator iv 2 6 1
Por Representative 3 6 1
Each House to judge of as to its own members 3 7 1
Of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer 5 2 6
Judges Supreme and Superior Courts Solicitor AttorneyGenl 6 14 1
County officers 11 2 T
Quarantine tax by county for expenses of 7 6 2
Quorum of each branch of Legislature is a majority 3 4 4
Of Supreme Court 6 2 1
R
Railroad may be incorporated by Legislature 3 7 18
Freights and Tariff subject to legislation 4 2 1
May build branch roads free from conditions of 4 2 3
Shall not deceive public as to rates 4 2 5
See Corporations
Railway Street not to run in City without its consent 3 7 20
Rates of freight and passage subject to legislation 4 2 1
Public not to be deceived as to amount charged 4 2 6
Realty Homestead of 9 1 1
Rebate of rates charged by Railroad not allowed 4 2 6
Recognizance when Legislature may relieve from forfeiture of 3 7 19
Reelection Governor not eligible for four years after two terms 6 12
Registration of Electors may be required by law 2 2 1
Rejection of nomination by Senate effect of 5 1 16
Of bill by Legislature effect of 3 7 13
Religious opinion civil and political rights not affected by 1 1 13
Denomination not to receive money from State 1 1 14
Worship places of may be exempt from tax 7 2 2
52
INDEX TO THE
A S P
Remittance of sentence in power of Governor 5 1 12
Of forfeited Charter only on conditions 4 2 3
Remonstrance and Petition right of guaranteed 1 1 24
Removal of legislator from district vacates his seat 3 4 8
Of disabilities in power of Governor 5 1 12
Of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer r 5 1 18
Of Justice of the Peace for malpractice 6 7 3
Of County Officers 11 2 1
From office effect of Impeachment 3 5 5
Repealing law form of 3 7 17
Reports of Insurance Companies to the Governor 3 12 6
Of Treasurer and Comptroller to the Governor 7 15 1
Representatives election and term of 3 4 12
Qualification of 3 6 1
House of part of General Assembly 3 1 1
Number and Apportionment of members of 3 3 1
Apportionment how changed 3 3 2
Representatives House of Speaker of how elected 3 6 2
Clerk of compensation and bond of 3 8 1
Impeaching power vested in 3 6 3
Local and Special hills must originate in 3 7 15
Appropriation and Revenue bills must originate in 3 7 10
Journal ofsee Journal
Representation of Constitutional Convention apportionment of 13 1 2
Reprieve in power of Governor 5 1 12
Residence requisite to vote 2 1 2
Resignation of Governor who acts in case of 5 1 8
Resolutions of Appropriation must he passed by yeas and nays 3 7 12
Requiring Governors approval 5 1 17
Requiring a twothirds vote yeas and nays must be recorded 3 7 21
Having effect of law result of rejection 3 7 13
Retroactive legislation prohibited 1 3 2
Returns of election of Legislators each House to judge for itself 3 7 1
To whom made 2 6 1
Of Governor how made 5 1 4
Of Governor how published 5 1 5
Of Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer 5 2 1
On Ratification of Constitution 13 2 2
Revenue Bills must originate in House of Representatives 3 7 10
Deficiencies of in State supplied by loans 7 3 1
Deficiencies of in County or City 7 7 1
And roads County Commissioners for 11 31
Rights not enumerated are not denied 1 5 2
Roads jurisdiction inOrdinary 6 6 1
Tax for keeping up by County 7 6 2
And revenue County Commissioners for 11 3 1
CONSTITUTION OF GEORGIA
53
S
A S P
Sailor in U S Service not entitled to vote because not stationed here 2 12
Salary of Governor 5 1 2
Of Treasurer Secretary of State and Comptroller 5 2 234
Of Judges of Supreme and Superior Courts Attorney and
SolicitorGeneral 6 13 1
Of Judges of Supreme andSuperior Courts how changed 6 13 2
Of State School Commissioner 8 2 1
Sale of States property proceeds to go to public debt 7 13 1
Exemptions from 9 1 1
Of homestead how affected 9 8 l
Of old homestead how affected P 9 9 1
Of old homestead heretofore made ratified 9 8 1
Savannah errors of City Court of corrected in Supreme Court 6 2 5
Scire facias writ of issued by Judge Superior Court 6 4 5
Schools Public how established by city or county 8 4 1
Public existing local system not affected 8 5 1
Not public may share school fund when85 1
See Education
Seal Great use and design of r 5 3 1
Search of persons houses and papers warrant for 1 1 16
Seconds in Duel on conviction disqualified for office 2 4 2
Secretary of State returns of elections to be made to 2 6 1
Officer of Executive Department 5 1 1
Election of 5 2 1
Salary and Clerk hire of 5 2 3
Eligibility and Bond of 5 2 6
Perquisites to forbidden 5 2 7
Is keeper of Great Seal 5 3 1
Senate compensation and bond of 3 81
Governor compensation of 5 1 19
Securities on forfeited recognizance when relieved 3 7 19
Seizure of persons and papers provisions against 1 116
Seminaries of learning may be exempt from tax 7 2 2
Senate is a branch of General Assembly 3 1 1
Consists of 44 members 3 2 1
May propose amendments to appropriation and revenue bills 3 7 10
Impeachments to be tried before 353
Senate nomination rejected by effect of V 5 1 15
President and Secretary of see President and Secty
Senatorial Districts number composition and change of 3 2 123
Senators number not to be increased 3 2 3
Election and term of 3 4 12
Qualification of 3 5 1
Sentence commuted or remitted by Governor 5 1 12
Servitude involuntary except as punishment for crime prohibited 1 1 17
Sessions of General Assembly see General Assembly
Of Supreme Court 6 2 5
Of Superior Court 6 4 8
Of Justices Court 6 7 2
54
INDEX TO THE
A S P
Setting aside homestead laws to he provided for 9 4 1
Shares in one corporation not to he bought by another to monopolize 4 2 4
Shows special tax on goes to educational purposes 8 3 1
Sinking fund provided for 7 14 1
Site of county how changed 11 1 4
Slavery forbidden 1 1 17
Social status of citizen not subject of legislation 1 1 18
Soldiers not to he quartered in private houses except when 1 1 19
Of IX S not to vote on account of being stationed here 2 1 2
Artificial limbs for maimed Confederates 7 1 1
SolicitorGeneral term of office and duties of 6 11 12
Election by the Legislature 6 12 1
Salary of 6 13 1
Qualification of 6 14 1
Speaker of House of Eepresentatives how elected 3 6 2
Must sign acts 3 7 13
Per diem of 3 9 1
Acts as Governor when 5 1 8
Special law not to he enacted when provision is made by genl law 14 1
Changing general law in particular cases how passed 1 4 1
For benefit of corporation conditional 4 2 3
Election of Governor 5 1 9
See Local
Speech liberty of not to he curtailed 1 1 15
State aid to corporations or persons in any manner prohibited 7 51
State aid by donation prohibited 7 16 1
To religious donation prohibited 1 1 14
Printer office abolished 7 17 1
Statement of Treasurer to be published 3 7 11
Stockholder in corporation State county or city not to be 7 56 1
Street railroad not to run in city without consent of authorities 3 7 20
Suits may be brought by or against counties 11 1 1
Against State to test void or Confederate bonds prohibited 7 111
See Yenuq
Superior Court is part of Judiciary 6 1 1
Jurisdiction of exclusive 6 4 1
Jurisdiction of general and appellate 6 4 34
Jurisdiction of to issue extra writs 6 4 5
Appeal and new trials in 6 4 6
Appeal from Ordinary to 6 6 1
Appeal from Justices to 6 7 2
Sessions of 6 4 8
Judge one for each circuit and term of 6 3 1
Election of 6 12 1
Salary and qualification of 6 1314 1
May change venue when 6 17 1
May preside in Supreme Court when 6 2 2
May preside in City Court when 6 5 1
Appoints Notary Public ex officio Justice of the Peace 6 8 1
Sanctions sale of Homesteads 9 38 1
CONSTITUTION OF GEORGIA 55
A S P
Supplemental Homestead laws to be provided for 9 5 l
Supreme Court part of Judiciary 6 1 1
Constitution of 6 2 1
Jurisdiction sessions and practice 6 25 6 7
Cost in and paupers affidavit 6 21 1
Judges election and term 0 2 4
Judges election and vacancies bow filled 6 12 1
Salary and qualification of 6 13 14 1
When disqualified in particular case 6 2 2
Suspension from office of Sec of State Comptroller and Treasurer 5 1 18
T
Tax to be paid before voting 2 1 2
Defaulters ineligible to Legislature g 4 7
By county Ordinarys jurisdiction 6 0 2
By county or city to meet bonded indebtedness 7 7 2
By county or city for school purposes 8 4 1
By county limited to certain purposes 7 0 2
May be imposed by Legislature for what purposes 7 1 1
Must be uniform ad valorem and by general laws 7 2 1
On domestic animals of vicious nature 7 2 1
Exemptions from other exemptions void 7 2 24
Poll for educational purposes 7 2 3
Special for educational purposes 8 3 1
States power to impose not to be restrained 4 1 1
Of corporations not tcbe surrendered 7 2 5
To raise a Sinking Fund 7 14 1
Lien good against Homestead 9 2 1
Act authority of 12 1 3
Act must originate in the House 3 7 10
Telegraph Companies may be incorporated by Legislature 3 7 18
Term of office of Governor 5 1 2
Secretary of State Comptroller and Treasurer 5 2 1
Judge of Supreme Court 0 2 4
Judge of Superior Court 0 313
J ustice of the Peace 0 7 1
Ordinary 663
Attorney and SolicitorGeneral 61011 1
State School Commissioner 8 2 1
County officers 12 2 1
Members of General Assembly 3 4 1
Testimony criminating himself witness not obliged to give 116
Title law must not contain matter different from 3 7 8
To land cases involving where brought 6 16 2
To land cases involving jurisdiction in Superior Court 6 4 1
Treason what is and how convicted of 1 2 2
Conviction of disfranchises 2 2 1
Pardon respite or commutation for 5 1 12
Treasurer election and term of office 5 2 1
Examination by Governor 5 1 18
56
INDEX TO THE
Treasurer Continued
a s P
Officer of Executive Department 5 1 1
Removal of 5 1 18
Salary and Clerks hire of 5 2 2
Perquisites not allowed 5 2 7
Fee other than salary not allowed to 6 2 5
Bond and qualification of 5 2 6
To receive deposits from Fire Insurance Companies 3 12 4
To make quarterly reports to Governor 7 15 1
And Governor authorized to loan Sinking Fund 7 14 1
Draw money from Treasury in what manner 8 7 11
Treaty force and authority of 12 1 1
Trial a speedy and impartial one is the right of defendant 1 1 5
By jury remains inviolate 6 18 1
Tribunals in the various counties to he uniform 11 3 1
Trustees of the people public officers are 1 1 1
The University of Georgia may accept donations etc 8 6 1
Families of minor children entitled to Homestead 9 1 1
u
Unexpired term of Governor special elections 5 1 9
Judges of Supreme Court 6 2 4
Judges Supreme and Superior Courts Attorney and SolGenl 6 12 1
Uniformity required in operation of general laws 1 4 1
In county officers and tribunals 11 3 1
In courts of same grade 6 9 1
In taxation 7 2 1
University of Georgia appropriations to 8 6 1
United States Constitution acts in violation of void 1 4 2
Treaties and laws authority of 12 1 1
Soldiers not entitled to vote for being stationed here 2 1 2
V
Vavancy in office of Governor 5 1 8
Judge of Supreme Court 6 2 4
Judge of Superior Court 6 3 2
Judge Supreme and Superior Courts and SolicitorGeneral 6 12 1
Members General Assembly 5 113
Governor may fill when not otherwise provided 5 1 14
Validity of bonds not to be tried by Judge who is interested 6 2 3
Declared void by Constitution not subject to suit 7 11 1
Valuation of Homestead laws to be provided for 9 41
Venue in cases of divorce 6 16 1
Of land titles 6 16 2
Of Equity 6 13 3
Against joint obligers acceptors endorsers etc 6 16 45
Civil and criminal generally 6 16 6
Civil and criminal changed how 6 17 1
CONSTITUTION OF GEORGIA
57
A S P
Verdicts judgments without when 6 4 7
First and second in divorce cases 6 15 1
Veto of Governor overruled by twothird vote 3 7 23
Viva voce voting by General Assembly 3 10 1
Void bonds of State not to be paid 7 11 1
Volunteer companies organization of 10 1 2
Not paid unless called out by State 10 1 3
Vote by the people shall be by ballot 2 1 1
Who is entitled toOath of voter 2 1 2
Who not entitled to 2 2 1
By General Assembly to be viva voce 3 10 1
Of twothirds being required yeas and nays must be recorded 3 7 21
Of twothirds being required does not do away with Governors approval 3 7 23
Of twothirds overrides Governors veto i 3 7 23
Of General Assembly having effect of law submitted to Gov 5 1 17
Of General Assembly in elections must appear in House Jour 3 10 1
w
Waiver of Homestead g 3 1
Of old exemption 9 5 1
War bonded debt may be increased for purposes of 7 12 1
Debt of county or city for may be assumed by State 7 8 1
Debt may be contracted to defend State in time of 7 3 1
Quartering soldiers in house in time of 1 1 19
Tax to defend State in time of 7 11
Warrant for search how obtained 1 1 16
Ways private may be granted after compensation paid 1 3 1
Wearing apparel waiver of exemption on limited 9 3 1
Western Atlantic Railroad if sold proceeds how applied 7 13 1
Whipping as punishment for crime prohibited 1 1 7
White and colored public schools to be separate 8 1 1
Wifes property is her separate estate after marriage 3 11 1
Wild Land Clerk compensation of 5 2 4
Witnesses in criminal cases rights of defendant as to 1 1 5
Not compelled to criminate themselves 1 1 6
Two necessary to convict of treason 1 2 2
Worship of God may be according to conscience 1 1 12
Places of may be exempt from tax 7 7 2 2
Y
Yeas and nays to be recorded in Journal
At request of onefifth 3 7 6
On appropriation bills and resolutions 3 7 12
When twothirds vote is required 3 7 21
On amendments to Constitution 13 1 1