The School helper, 1939 - 1941

SCHOOL
~H E L PER

C. H. H OLL INGSWORTH Roy G. PARKS N ELL A. GIBBONS H. E. W OODRUFF
BARTON CLARK

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c~ EdtOr ex-ofhci0 Edtor
Associate Edt or Assoeime Ed tor Print n g Instruct or

Vol. 40

OCTOBER, 1939

No.1

IN THIS ISSUE

HISTORY OF VOCATIONAL EDUCATION

AT THE GEORGIA SCHOOL FOR THE DEAE

1

EDITORIALLY SPEAKING_____________________________________________________________________ 3

S S UPERI~TENDENT' CORNER____________________________________

4

AM0 NG THE STAFF

6

CO~CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES

ALUMNI NEWS

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NEWS FROM THE BOYS' SIDE-__________________________________________________________ 9

NEWS FROM THE GIRLS' SIDE

7

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10

1.IBRARY NOTES

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12

All communications should be addressed to the School Helper, Cave Spring. Georgia. Published monthly during the schoOl year-in the Printing Department of the Georgia School for the Deaf. Entered at the Post Office at Cave Spring, Georgia, as second class matter November, 1899. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided in Section 103. Act of October 3, 1917. - Authorized October 31, 1918. Subscription price is fifty cents for nine months.

"Arts and Mysteries of a Trade"

H. E. WOODRUFF

A Review of Vocational Instruction at the Georgia School
for the Deaf, Prior to 1900
T HE beginning of vocatipnal training at the Georgia School for the Deaf was coincident with the organization of the school in 1849, when a boot and shoe shop w'as started as the first class to teach boys to learn a trade. It is possible that some were trained along other lines in a less formal way. They may have helped in the garden or aided in carpenter work needed around the new school.
The need for training the deaf for making a living was recognized in the first annual report of the Board of Commissioners, dated July 1, 1850 in which they said: "The Board were of the opinion that it was their duty to instruct them not only morally and intellectually, but also mechanicall y; not only to prepare them for felicitous interchange of thought and opinion with their fellow beings, but also to free them from the necessity of becoming a tax upon the kindness of friends, by providing them with the knowledge of a trade by which they could maintain themselves after they had gone from the Asylum."
The girls were not entirely forgotten for the record shows that they were required to do "domestic work". It was not stated whether the purpose was to fit them for hou.sekeeping later or to get the mending and other jobs done that were necessary around the school. Possibly both purposes were served at least partially. At that time some of the pupils paid tuition, and these were required to do the same amount of work. During this first year the Legislature appropriated money for the erection of a shop building.
At first this training was carried on by the steward and matron,

positions occupied by husband and wife during the first one-third of a century of the school's existances. According to the contract under which they worked they were to furnish all household, kitchen, and family utensils and furniture and feed and cloth the pupils. They were also to furnish the shops with all necessary tools and employ one or more mechanics of sufficient skill "to instruct the boys in the arts and mysteries of 'a trade". In return they were to receive six dollars per month for the board of each pupil and the proceeds of the work of the boys during the time set apart for "labor".
Under the terms of such an agreement it was only reasonable to expect that immediate financial returns should outweigh instructional value. To what extent this attitude prevailed is not known. All of the pupils needed shoes which could be made by hand in a shoe shop. This fact probably influenced the selection of this enterprise as the first effort of organized vocational instruction. Fortunately this was a happy selection, as the pupils not only contributed to the maintenance of the institution, but were trained to follow this occupation throughout life, many of them doing so. Today this work is still maintained. Although shoemaking by hand is a thing relegated to the "horse and buggy" days. yet its successor, shoe repairing, is now one of the leading occupations of the deaf in the state.
The need continued to be felt for the teaching of these trades. In 1853 the Board asked for the addition of cabinet making, joining, printing. and book binding. However, until 1877 the "master of the shoe shop" was the only name listed under "Mechanical Department". In 1857 a new building for this department was constructed. In the report of that

year came a hint of the most serious problem that vocational education has had to face in residential schools for the deaf: Should a vocational class pay its way? No one seems to expect an academic class to be operated at a profit, yet many times in the early reports the shoe shop was judged on whether it made a profit after paying f01 materials and paying the salary of the teaclter. It is possible that we are still inclined to weigh the value of these departments on their value to the Institution rather than the training of the pupil.
In 1859 gardening was mentioned as a suitable trade for the deaf, and it is inferred from the report that this had been made a major activity. This seems to be the beginning of organized work in 'agricultural instruction, yet we have no way of knowing just who was responsible for carrying it on. Tin manufacturing was recommended as an additional activity.
Exasperating conditions were known in the early days. In Acts of the Legislature we find that eight thousand dollars were appropriated February 17,1854 for the erection of a cabinet shop, purchase of apparatus, and recovering the main building. Evidently this appropriation was sidetracked for in the report of the Board dated July 1st of that year we find this enlightening comment.
"We made application to the last Legislature for an appropriation to erect a cabinet shop, to purchase a chemical and philosophical apparatus, and for recovering the Asylum building with tin or some other fire proof material; and have been informed that a bill to that effect was regularly passed. If this be so we are at a loss to account for the manner in which another Bill entirely different in its provisions should have been substituted.

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THE SCHOOL HELPER

October, 1939

We are therefore led to the conclusion that a great wrong has b~n committed, either through carelessness or by intention. If intentional, the perpetrator of the fraud has, for the time being, deprived the Institution of the benefits accuring from these several measures. We know not how low, how degraded, how iniquitous that heart must be which for the sake of gratifying private spleen, would deprive the innocent, the unfortunate and the unoffending of a moity of happiness. We feel 'assured that such a heart is prepairng itself, with forethought, for a habitation with congenial spirits hereafter."
Evidently the wrong doers repented of the evil of their ways, for two years later funds were again appropriated and evidently used for these purposes. The shoe shop was made to pay expenses, but little mention was made of cabinet making. For many years to come this and other desired trades suffered from a lack of attention.
In 1874 money was made available to purchase a printing press. A contract was made with a printing company in Rome to print a weekly newspaper at the shop. The publisher agreed to get the paper out at his own expense and to teach typesetting to such pupils as would be assigned to him. The school contributed office, press, and outfit. The first issue of this paper, The Cave Spring Enterprise, made its appearance June 24, 1874. As tthe act appropriating the money for the press was passed in March of the same year there seemed to be no delay in getting the equipment into use.
For the first time in its history the school recognized two branches of its Mechanical Department. and pupils were able to have a choice in their training. The time spent in shops varied from two and one-half to three 'and onehalf hours per day for six days e:tch week. The following year 1874-75 the "Foreman of the Print Shop" was listed among the officers of the school along

with the "Master of the Shoe Shop". The annual report for 1876 was printed for the first time on the school press. This job of printing seemed to be equal in quality to previous reports printed in commercial shops in Rome or Atlanta.

In 1894 the Board recommended Art as a proper course to be added, also dressmaking for girls, and blacksmithing and printing for boys. It seems that the course in printing mentioned above was short lived. In March 1877 a new Board of Trustees succeeded the old Board. Evidently they terminated the contract to print the paper, 'and for several years no mention was made of it in annual reports. It is probable that the presses were kept and maybe some occasional work done, but no printer was listed among the officers of the school.

In 1895 a teacher of Art and Physical Culture were employed. For a number of years this course had no connection with the vocational department. In 1899 a picture of the faculty was published which included thl' teacher of Art and Physical Culture. No other vocational teacher was included in this select group. This leads one to infer an officer engaged in vocational work was considered to be working for the maintenance of the institution rather than teaching pupils in preparation for useful employment. This 'apparent attitude may explain some of the things indicated in the employment of the deaf at that time. In the 1899 report a list of all former pupils was published. Among the information given after each name was the occupation at that time when known. The following table is made up from a study of the list.

Occupations of former pupils up to

1899.

Occupation

Number

Farming

.... 57

Shcemaking.. .. .. . . .. . 19

Stone cutter.. .. ..

8

Teacher ....

5

Printer.. .. .. .. ..

4

Laborer

.

4

Carpenter.. .. .. ..

3

Cotton mill operator,

painter and dressmaker

2 each

"

6

Bookkeeper, clerk, peddler,

clerk in store, photographer, recording clerk, clerk in newspaper office, bank cashier,

knitting mill operator, fore-

man Collar, Cutter,

1 each

10

Total whose occupations were known.. .. . ... 116

It is interesting to note from the above tabulation that approximately one-half were engaged in farming. This was to be expected in an agricultural state where more than one-half of the total population were on farms. Yet in its entire history the school had not recognized farming as of enough importance to warrant its being considered as an occupation suited for the deaf. Possibly some training had been received by many of these boys in working on the school farm, in the garden, and with cattle and poultry at the school. The fact that one out of six were engaged in shoemaking bore evidence of the practicability of this training for the deaf. Probably the reason that more printers and carpenters were not shown was because training up to that time had been very meager.

In 1898 printing was reinstalled and a new department at training in woodwork was started. Forty years before money had been appropriated to equip a cabinet shop, and now an effort would be made to make training along this line available to the boys. At the same time a recommendation was made that a Superintendent of Industries be employed to supervise training in all of the trades. a move that was actually made a third of a century later. Metal work was added in 1899, and blacksmithing became a recognized trade for the deaf in Georgia.

The school had finished a halfcentury of work. Vocational education with the boys had advanced until there was a variety of occupations to choose from. Definite proof was available that this
(Continued on Page 11, Column 3)

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Editorially Speaking

An Open Letter

taking part in the local church services at least

Dear Parents,
As we take up our work where we left off last spring, we find many faces missing. Five teachers have resigned and one is ill. We have replaced three of the five teachers. We were ahle to do this by eliminating the two beginning classes and combining two other classes. This will in no way affect the progress of your child. We have every reason to think that your child will make better progress this year than last year.
The Georgia School for the Deaf has not departed from any of its objectives it had last year. A tenative course of study for the advanced and primary grades has been completed and' is now in use. Reading, written language, speech and speech-reading continue to hold their place in our present curriculum. There

once a month. In addition to the church services in the local churches we hope to have Rev. Fletcher, Missionary to the Deaf of the South, from time to time throughout the year.
We have continued the policy of abondoning study-hour, however, every child in the advanced department is required to study at least one hour a day outside of school. The more advanced classes are expected to spend at least two hours on outside assignments daily. We believe this plan will help to encourage initiative and ability to economize time.
Formal study-hour has been replaced by story-hour, current events by the teachers, lyceum club, outside speakers and other worthwhile activities. Hobby hour is held every Wednesday night for those who desire to take part. Attendance is not compulsory.

has been an effort made to correlate the four phases of work to a greater degree than in the past. Building for life through lifelike situations has been the keynote of the curriculum.
We have continued the policy of emphasizing

The SChool library has been enlarged and adequate quarters for the time being have been
provided. Under the direction of Mrs. H. C. Stevens we are anticipating a great improvement in reading ability.

a vocational course for thoSe who do not plan to enter college. We now have two classes specializing in vocational training. As time and facilities increase we hope to work out an even better program than we have at the present time.
Very closely associated with the academic and vocational program is the co-curricular program. It is designed to develop the boys and girls physically, socially, and morally. Cocurricular activities embrace the time when the child is not in school or vocational training. Under the direction of Mr. Race Drake and Mrs. Sarah Ware the program has taken on a new meaning. Every child has been examined by the school doctors and nurse and recommendations have been made as to the proper physical activity for each child. A rich and varied program is being carried on by the physical directors. This is a far cry from the old type of supervision program, but in line with the practice followed by competent physical

From time to time you will receive reports from your child's teacher, physical director and his or her vocational teacher. We urge you to give these reports your earnest consideration. We are endeavoring to give you a picture of your child's needs, strengths and weaknesses in schoo], and it is through these reports we solicit your aid in developing your child to his highest potentialites.
Consider all the opportunties your child has and be thankful that he or she is not one of the many that is being denied the opportunities your child has. Be thankful that the State of Georgia provides facilities to develop your child and place him or her in society as an integral part of the world.
May we have your wholehearted cooperation in developing your child into an individual we will all be proud of? May we hear from you from time to time throughout the year?
Yours truly,

directors throughout the United States.

Roy G. PARKS, Principal.

Parties and socials are numerous over the week-ends. All parties and socials are under
the guidance of the matron and housemothers. It is hoped that every boy and girl will have an opportunity to plan a party or social sometime during the year.

NOTICE
The October issue of the SCHOOL HELPER will be sent free to all parents and former sub-

Sunday school classes are conducted in the scribers. After this month the SCHOOL local churches by teachers from the school HELPER will be sent only to those who have every Sunday. We shall continue the policy of paid the subscription price of fifty cents.

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Superintendent's Corner

TO That Trip

U n t r a v eled

to Berkeley

Georgians, mak-

ing their initial

trip across the continent to Cali-

fornia via automobile, there comes

indescribable sensations and emo-

tions. To c'atalog these experi-

ences in any appreciable degree of

pleasing coherency is well-nigh im-

possible. An attempt at a book-

ish treaties, designed as an in-

formational travelogue is out of

the question. The kaleidosocopic

p'anorama of events and scenes

that crowd and confuse our minds

shout, "Tenderfoot, be yourself'"

It would take volumes to describe

even a little part of our journey

from Cave Spring to Berkeley and

return in attending the Conven-

tion of American Instructors of

the Deaf.

To belie all fears as to what

follows, 'and out of deference to

the real purpose of the trip, w ~

hasten to say that all observations

are confined, a~most wholly, to

personalities. events. and placec;

pertinent to a description of a tour

made by educators of the deaf.

Let us add. the treatment is light

and entirely in the spirit of vaca-

tion from work. Amen!

In the early morning hours of June 6 we, my two boys. Hillis and Wright. Bill McCanless. and I packed our belongings in our trusty '38 model Ford. Mrs. Hollingsworth, the Parks. and the
Caples. assisted in the last minute details. and were also a part of the initial scene of a complete "movie-story" of the trip. Bill. an expert amateur photographer. attended to this phase of our
travel.

The first day's journey was un-
eventful. We had traveled that
route before through northeast Alabama. southwest Tennessee to
Memphis. and on to Little Rock. Out of sheer exuberance over this prospect of a real vacation trip to California. we did marvel at the
beauty of the hill and valley land-
scapes. the back water lakes on the

Tennessee River, and thrill over
crossing the mighty Mississippi at
Memphis.
On one of the finest highways
in the country, from Memphis to
Little Rock, travel was smooth
and fast. Wright kept remark-
ing. as he was seeking additional inspiration for his diary recordings, "I don't like so many of the little match-box houses dotting the farms we pass". It was true, there was a kind of sad tameness hinting of "tenant depravity" about that low-lying fiat section of Arkansas. However. our spirits lifted as we were soon traveling through a section of the State's great rice fields, Here there were evidences of splendid enterprise and prosperity on every hand.
Whether through effort to es-
cape realities or just the propelling
urge to go forward, it was on this
leg of the journey we discovered
our trusty (?) Ford could not do
75 m. p. h. without giving out of
oil ahead of gas, However, Hillis' persistence and signboard adver-
tisements carried us on to Alamo Plaza Courts in Little Rock for
the night. This was our first ex-
perience at one of the vaunted
"west of the Mississippi" tourist
camps-hardwood floors. tile baths, Simmons beds, and all.
The next morning. bright and early. we headed out to western Little Rock to bring- the Arkansas School for the Deaf under the barrage of our movie c'amera artillery. Superintendent D. T. Henderson hurried out to greet us. In true southern style. he chivalrously rebuked us for not coming to his place for the night. We enjoyed immensely the short visit with our good friend- a southern gentlemen and an educator par excellent. His school is conceded to be one of the very best in the south and is the source of great state pride. Beautiful in its apportionment and effective in constructive service-incidentally, it was after traveling days westward from Little Rock that we really discovered that Superintendent

Henderson was a Southerner and that Arkansas was not a far western state.
Westward hoI Fertile farms 'and beautiful little cities bespeaking unusual educational and civic advancement was our dessert through the western part of the state. Passing through Fort Smith and crossing the Arkansas River we paused to picture a sign spelling O-K-L-A-H-O-M-A. Were we excited' Now we knew truly we were on our way. Certainly. was our thinking. this must be the beginning of the wild and wooly west' Fine spacious farms growing cotton and corn like in the southeastern states excited our admiration while enriching our knowledge. We hadn't known that they grew our type of crops so beautifully in Oklahoma. Following the typical farmer instinct of inquiring about the crops and weather, a filIng-station attendant laconicly replied, "Yes, we have had good rains hereabout this
year '" Farther westward, evidences of
dryness set in while wheat and oats took the place of cotton and corn. Still farther on, a few isolated oil wells came into view. These were our first 'and we were excited to the extent some films were wasted for the oil wells soon became more profuse.
Not long past the middle of the afternoon, we sighted on the horizon what seemed to be a distant city. We were puzzled by what appeared to be closely packed thin spires encircling it about-a great inverted fine tooth comb through which we had to look to see the city beyond, Presently. oil wells were everywhere. thick as trees in a forest. That is the way we first saw Oklahoma City, The myriad of tall derricks crowded almost into the heart of this western state capital.
We had intended spending the second night out. at Shamrock. Texas. but the lure of this beautiful Oklahoma City, plus the fact we were tired and the knowledge that another of that chain of Alamo Plaza Courts was located

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THE SCI-!OOL HELPER

October, 1939

here completely destroyed all intention of further travel that day. We had plenty of time for some exercise on the be'autiful green court (we had brought a baseball and gloves along) and to get down into the city before dusk. Here, it is con fessed, we did not stand the strain of traveling as well as the rest of the boys, so it was they, who, following a refreshing shower, streaked off to the city. We were satisfied to sit on an outdoor bench during the early cool of the evening and complacently smoke our pipe; besides, we had seen the city while driving through to our camp.
Into the heart of Oklahoma and out again we kept thinking of that grand old patriarch of the profession, Dr. J. W. Blattner. We looked uo the location of his school on the map and debated driving that way. What if we were to miss seeing him? If he attended the convention, he would be the only one present who attended the last convention held in Berkeley in 1886 . We were sorry later that we did not obey the impulse to visit his school and meet this noble friend of the deaf; an educator in his field longer than anyone else now living. What advise and encouragement based on the wisdom of years of fine service might have been our reward! Greetings. Dr. Blattner, and all good wishes for many more active years in the work you love.
It was about noon of our third day from Cave Spring when we dispatched a wire from a point in Texas to Superintendent W. O. Connor at Sante Fe telling him that we would arrive at his place about six o'clock that evening.
After speeding across the Texas panhandle and penetrating well into New Mexico, judging by our reaction to what we saw, one might well have asked, "What's your hurry?"Hills were assuming mountainous proportions, but were merely great mounds of bare rocks, and shale sparsely dotted with scrubby juniper trees. Sage brush and cactus fought for a bare existence in the hot dry valleys.

One had the impression that it might have been a good country, but was now literally burned up. Vegetation became scarcer and scarcer. Althrough the temperature did not reach much above ninety degrees that day, the dazzling sunlight, the absence of any hint of a cloud and "nary" an oasis in sight, all conspired to make the oppression more acute. (After a few days of climatization we were made aware of the fact these first discomforts were more mental than physical.) Upon inquiry a filling station operator "allowed" that the weather was just average and the herds of Herefords we saw stretched out along the plains were not prostrate, as we thought, but were merely taking their midday "snooze. " (We will bet a Georgia cow could not have lived there three days.) All our inferences that the climate and country were not, by any stretch of the imagination, ideal. were met with nettled tolerance and "Where 'are you fellows from, anyway?" Perhaps we did not show proper appreciation, for was not there a sign hanging over a wet burlap-wrapped barrel that read, "Drinking Water Free"!
Not consciously, but driving steadily toward higher ground. we found ourselves arriving on time in Sante Fe, "The City Different," seven thousand feet above sea level. And what a city! Public buildings. private residences, and even the federal government in the post office and court building cooperated in effecting the Mexican Adobe style of architectture. Quaint, narrow streets and ancient structures in the oldest section of the town rivaled, or even surpassed, St. Augustine in rich historic lore.
In crossing the portals of any public building, hotel, musuem and even private residences, the startling contrast with the adobe exteriors reminds one of stories of fabulous Persian wealth, so rich and colorful are the interiors in design and rna terial splendor.
It is not wise to suggest in Sante Fe that the push of the

Spaniards up the' old Sante Fe trail toward the headwater of the Rio Grand and the establishment of the town do not predate and out-aura any other white settlement in North America.
It would almost be a sacrilege not to mention New Mexico's capital city's wonderful summer climate. On arrival there in the late afternoon, we were admonished to dress in more comfortable attire. Instructions like this five hours earlier and three hundred miles away would have meant to effect abbreviated shorts, sans shirt and shoes. In Sante Fe this 8th day of June, it meant to don a woolen suit and "Do not forget your vest". What a relief from that desperately hot drive just behind us!
The New Mexico School for the Deaf follows the prevailing style of architecture. It is one of the most complete and splendidly equipped schools for the deaf that we have seen anywhere. Every indication was that the type work and the school program measured up to the fine physical properties.
W. O. (Pops) Connor's first greetings were, "Well, why the h- don't you get down?" and "What time do you leave tomorrow?" About this time we had mustered up courage sufficient for the rejoinder, "If it is all the same to you, we are not leaving until day after tomorrow".
Beneath a gruff exterior, we discovered a man with a heart as big as the fifty thousand broad New Mexican acres belonging to the school. The fine fellowship enjoyd with him carried on through
the week spent in Berkeley. In
addressing him, the appelation
"Pops" was so.on openly and af-
fectionately appropriated as our
privilege. Mrs. Connor's beauti-
ful hospitality and charming per-
sonality too, added greatly to the
joy of our two days visit at the
New Mexico School for the Deaf.
(To be continued)

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Among the Staff

GLADYS CLARK

Mr. Hollingsworth spent most of his vacation in Cave Spring. He m'ade several business trips to Atlanta. In June he took his sons, Hillis and Wright, and Mr. Bill McCanless to Berkeley, California to attend the Convention of American Instructors of the Deaf. They reported a most delightful trip. Mrs. Hollingsworth was at home most of the summer entertaining her friends. She spent several days in Birmingham visiting her sick sister.
Mr. Roy Parks went to the convention at Berkeley and afterwards attended the University of California for six weeks. Then he spent the remainder of the summer in Cave Spring. Just before school started, he made a field trip to south Georgia. Mrs. Parks w'as in Cave Spring practicially the entire summer.
Mrs. Kennard accompanied her husband to Arkansas in their car last June to visit his relatives. After returning, they purchased the Spence house on the Cedartown road.
Mr. John Caple attended summer school in Daytona, Florida. Mrs. Caple was in Cave Spring the early part of the summer and spent the latter part .in Florida with Mr. Caple. Her sister, Jimmie from Arkansas. accompanied her to Florida.
Mrs. Nell Gibbons spent most of her vacation at home tending her flower garden. Just before school opened. she underwent a major operation at the Harbin hospital in Rome.
Mr. and Mrs. H. E. Woodruff attended the convention of the American Legion. They had several trips to Athens. Then they remained in Cave Spring the rest of the summer.
Mrs. Harriet C. Stevens had a restful summer at home. Her son. George and his wife from East Orange, New Jersey, spent sometime with her.
Mrs. Ruth Forbes visited her friends and relatives in Waycross. She had a wonderful trip to St. Augustine, Florida. Then she

had a restful vacation at home the rest of the summer.
Mrs. Edythe Montgomery attended summer school in Milledgeville.
Mrs. I1a Sewell visited her sister, Mrs. C. M. Cason, in Huntsville. Alabama. She also went to Guntersville to see the dam across the Tennessee river. Then for the rest of her vacation she remained at home near Cave Spring.
Mrs. Julia Arnold worked for the Frontier Press in Savannah almost all the summer. She spent a month at home with her relatives.
Mrs. Jessie Jones spent most of the summer at home. Some of her relatives from Tennessee and Atlanta visited her during June and July.
Mr. Olaf Tollefson had a twoweeks vacation in North Dakota with his relatives. On the way there he stopped in Missouri and soent several days with Mr. and Mrs. John Gough. He was in Cave Spring the rest of the summer.
Mr. and Mrs. Barton Clark stayed at home throughout the entire vacation with the exception of several short trips to Atlanta, Carrollton, and Chattanooga.
Miss Charolette Reynolds remained in Cave Spring with her parents all summer.
Mrs, Gladys Carpenter went to the Baptist World Alliance in Atlanta'in July. She visited her relatives in Augusta for three weeks. During the rest of the vacation she stayed at home near Cave Spring.
Mrs. Pauline Casey spent the vacation in Cave Spring. Her mother from Virginia was her guest for several months.
Miss Juilet McDermott was in Montrose. Pennsylvania during the summer. She attended the World's Fair at New York in
J~!y.
Mr. and Mrs. J. R. Ware were in Cave Spring most of the summer. They made several trips to Augusta and Newnan visiting their relatives.

Mr. Leila Barnett spent sometime in Milledgeville and Chattanooga with her daughters Mary Beth and Mildred. She was in Cave Spring the greater part of the summer.
Miss Katherine Casey was at home with her family most of the summer.
Mrs. Ruby Perry worked at the school all summer.
Mrs. Annie Dickerson had a motor trip to Burnswick, Day-
tona Beach, Florida. and other points of interest with her sister and brother-in-law. The rest of her vacation was spent at home in Chattanooga.
Miss May Clark rested the whole summer at home. She did some canning, making jelly, knitting, and weaving. She also entertained her relatives and friends.
Mr. Race Drake with his charming wife whom he married just after school closed, spent most of the vacation in Arkansas. Mr. Drake worked temporarily in a print shop.
Miss Annie McDaniel was busy sewing during the vacation. In
June she and her sister Edna motored to Columbus and other points in Geargia.
Miss Elise Sawyer was a tutor of a special student for two months in south Georgia. Then she spent the rest of the vacation with her folks in Lawrenceville.
Miss Lillie Mae Wood spent most of the vacation with her relatives in Centre, Alabama.
Miss Luella Brown spent her vacation at home in Macon.
Mr. Connor Dillard. Mr. Cecil White, and Mr. Everett Ryle remained at work at the school with the exception of short vacations.
Dr. Connor was i:l Cave Spring the entire summer.
Mr. William Stewart purchased a new Ford as soon as school closed and put it to good use during the vacation.
Mr. Wilson, Mr. Morgan. and Mr. Elrod spent the summer working at the school.
We are sorry to lose several of our teachers this year, but we
(Continued on Page 11, Column 2)

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Co-Curricular Activities

HOMECOMING AT THE
GEORGIA SCHOOL FOR
THE DEAF
The faculty and pupils of the Georgia School for the Deaf are planning to have a big homecoming at the school October 28 to which all alumni, former pupils, and friends of the school are cordially invited. The inspiration for this happy occasion is the football game scheduled on that date between the Florida School for the Deaf and the Georgia school. We realize that the Florida team is hardened and seasoned and has a long list of victories of which they may justly boast, while our team, which is in its infancy, having only been organized this fall, has played only one competitive game. With these facts in mind we would not be surprised to have to bow in defeat to our more experienced visitors. but we will not admit or anticipate such a result until the last blast of the referee's whistle. This is a time when our former pupils -and friends can express their loyalty to the school by their presence at the same time enjoy a real worth while game.
The Athletic Association of the school is planning a big dance in the chapel which will be gaily decorated in the colors of both schools the night of the game. This will be a very enjoyable affair and you will have the opportunity of meeting old time friends and schoolmates. We hope that you will plan to be here for the game and the party.
OUR FOOTBALL TEAM
After a lapse of several years, the Georgia School for the Deaf again has a football team. As soon as school opened. a notice was set up and immediately some 25 big boys were on the field waiting for instruction.
Of this group none had ever played football before, however. at the rate they have picked up the ft!ndamentals of the sport in the short period of practice we have had. it is clear they will form an

eleven not to be sniffed at by the end of the season
We have a schedule of seven games including -a meet with th~ Tennessee School for the Deaf to be held at Knoxville and a meet with the Florida School to be held at Cave Spring. It is the hope of both the Coach and the whole school that soon the name of a Georgia player will grace the rolls of an all America Deaf football team.

Oct. 9-Rome High B. Team .. Rome
Oct. 14-Darlington Jr. Varsity .... Darlington
Oct. 20-Bremen (night game) .... Bremen
(Homecoming Game)
Oct. 27-Florida School for the Deaf .... Cave Spring
Nov. 4-Rome B. Team .. .. Cave Spring
Nov. 10-0pen Nov. 18-Darlington Jr. Varsity ....
Cave Spring
Nov. 25-Tennessee School for the Deaf .... Knoxville

The probable line up will be:

Name

Position

Leonard Barrow Hale Hester .. Douglas Shaffer

.. Quarter ... .Full .., .Half

Bryon Avant .. .... Half

Jack Hitchcock .. .. .. End

Tommy Hamm ..

.. End

Mac Ellerbee .. .. .. Tackle Laroy Garner .. .. .. Tackle

BillyPowell .. .. .. .. Guard

Bob Adams .. .. .. .. Guard

Maurice Samples " .. Center

Allerson Sherman .. .. Half

William Massey .. .. .. End

Ralph Benson .. " .. Tackle

Horace Johnson

Center

Seventeen pupils and two members of the staff were awarded citizenship certificates by the Shanklin-Attaway Post No. Five, American Legion. in a meeting in Rome, Georgia. October 12, at the American Legion home.
This was a part of a statewide program sponsored by the Geor-

gia Education Association, the Legion and other organizations. whereby certificates of citizenship were awarded to young men and women reaching the age of twenty-one between October 12, 1937. and October 12, 1938. In Floyd County, which includes Cave Spring, the Rome American Legion post was in charge.
This is said to be the first time in America that young citizens have been so honored and the studen ts of the Georgia School for the Deaf were eager to be in on this first meeting. The certificates were signed by E. D. Rivers. Governor; M. D. Collins, Superintendent of Education; John B. Wilson, Secreretary of the Georgia Education Association; -and the chairman of the local committee. A short, well written leaflet, entitled "Twenty-One" was distributed among the new citizens. This was prepared by the Georgia League of Women Voters for this first statewide Citizenship Day. This leaflet described methods of registering, and voting, and discussed some of the rights and duties of the ballot. It listed the nationaL state, county, and city officials elected by ballot.
For several weeks prior to Citizenship Day, Radio station WSB had a program on Sunday night on the responsibilities of citizenship. At some of these programs the new citizens at the School gathered around a radio to receive the program interpreted to them by R. G. Parks, academic principal. Local and state papers carried news stories on this item.
At the program in Rome Mr. Parks again interpreted for the pupils who sat together. When they were introduced as a group from the Georgia School for the Deaf there was a great brust of spontaneous applause from the other new citizens as well as from Legionnaires, educationaL and civic leaders presents.
One of our students was on the program at the meeting to give a response, Tommie Hamm. His

-7-

THE SCHOOL HELPER

October, 1939

short message was delivered well and received a good hand.
Immediately following the ceremony all new citizens were guests of Rome High School at a .night football game. Between halves the announcer asked that all new citizens assemble on the fifty-yard line. The announcer stated to all present that the band would honor all new citizens and twice in his announcements he stated the number from the Georgia School for the Deaf. Upon assembling at the proper place the high school band consisting of more than one hundred pieces faced the new citizens and gave several musical numbers in their honor. In their beautiful new uniforms resplendent under the excellent lighting system of the field and headed by twenty drum-majorettes with twirling batons, they presented a beautiful picture. As the last number they played America and all the batons came to "salute".
Those receiving certificates were Elise Sawyer, supervisor. 'and Rebecca Spencer. secretary to the superintendent; and the following students: Tommie Hamm, Janetta Wilson. Doris Herrin, Lona Holland. Kathleen Highfield. Fred Buchanan, Bob Adams. Raleigh Sellers.
The Lyceum Club had its first meeting in the Hearn building September 18 to elect new officers for the year. The new officers are as follows:
President-Florence Johnson
Vice-president-Byron Avant
Sec'y-Treasurer-Irene Browning
Sergeant-at-arms-Lona Holland
AlUMNI NEWS
The Dixie Association of the Deaf concluded a most successful convention in Atlanta recently. With a program of business and enjoyment well mixed so that there was hardly a dull moment during the whole time. It was widely acclaimed as one of the best and most harmonious conventions ever held by the Association. Ernest Herron of Atlanta was

elected President to succeed Mr. Herbert Smoak who had served two successful terms. J. W. McCanless of Johnson. Miss. was elected 1st Vice-president. Mrs. P. W. Ligon. Atlanta. Secretary. and Hugh G. Miller, Raleigh. N. C . Treasurer. One of the high lights of the convention was a beauty contest which was held in the beautiful Civic Room of the Ansley Hotel. Instead of the customary bathing suits the contestants were attired in beautiful dresses. The winner was decided by popular vote of the spectators. Mrs. J. A. Spurlin (Ida Lee Harrell of Atlanta was the winner and made a very lovely Queen for the convention. It was decided that henceforth the convention would be held biennially instead of annually. The next convention will be held in St. Augustine, Florida in 1941.
Plans are already being laid for the 1940 convention of the Georgia Association of the Deaf. Interest is keen and is the subject of general conversation among the Atlanta deaf. A mass meeting of the Association will be held at an early date to discuss the plans and to choose a committee to make the arrangements. The famous" At lanta Spirit" which sank to a low level during the depression years is much in evidence again with everybody lending a willing hand in promoting social and charitable movements of every kind.
The annual Halloween Frolic and Party of the Atlanta Division. No. 28. N. F. S. D. will be held on October 28 at Red Men's Wigwan, 160 central Ave., at 7 :30 P. M. Mr. Howitt Morgan, Chairman, says he is expecting a crowd of over 100 visitors and he is promising a good time for all. Prizes of real cash money will b.? given for the best costumes and to the winners of the various games and contests. We'll be seeing you there.
Mr. J. M. Vestal, Chief of the N. C. Bureau of Labor for the Deaf, was a recent visitor in Atlanta. Mr. Vestal has many friends in Atlanta and his visits are

much enjoyed. We wish he might come oftener.
THE CONVENTION OF THE
AMERICAN INSTRUCTORS
OF THE DEAF
The thirty-first meeting of the Convention of the American Instructors of the Deaf convened at the California School for the Deaf in Berkeley, California on Sunday, June 18. 1939. There were 357 registered before the close of the meeting.
While the number in attendance was small compared with some ot the other conventions, the program was one of the best that has ever been arranged. California was fortunate in being able to gzt so many outstanding men such as: Dr. George C. Kyte. professor of education University of California; Dr. Vern O. Knudsen. professor of physics and Dean of the Graduate Division University of California at Los Angeles; Dr. Elsie H. Martens. senior specialisr in the education of the exceptional child, United States Office of Ed-
cation, Washington, D. c.; Dr.
Raymond G. Gettel, professor of political science and Dean of the Summer Session, University of California. In addition to the above mentioned speakers, all the outstanding leaders in the education of the deaf either delivered an address or read 3 paper on special topics which they were well qualified to speak.
Georgia was represented by Superintendent C. H. Hollingsworth and Mr. Roy G. Parks, academic principal. Mr. Hollingsworth gave a paper on supervision of co-curricular activities in a school for the deaf as contrasted with supHvision of activities on the city playground. Mr. Hollingsworth stressed the importance of having trained personnel in charge of our children outside of school hours. He outlined very throughly the trends we are now following in this regards and advocated the establishment of a de partment of physical education at Gallaudet College comparable
(Continued on Page 11, Column 1)

-8-

News From the Boys' Side

Billie Powell enjoyed a pleasant trip to Birmingham, Alabama from September 2 to 6. At the Fraternal Insurance programs at the Thomas Jefferson HoteL he met his friends.
This year Douglas Shaffer is thrilled about practicing football. He hopes our team will win all its games this fall.
Dean Greene was lucky to be in Athens last summer while President Roosevelt was there. The President spoke about farming. Dean wanted to get near to see him, but two policemen were guarding him. Everybody applauded the President.
Horace Johnson enjoyed working in a garden last summer. He plowed with a cultivator. 'and weeded cabbages and beets. He helped his grandfather with the plowing.
The football team from the Florida School for the Deaf will play our team October 28.
During the summer Teddie Waters worked in the Savannah Daily Times office. He exp(jCts to work there again next summer.
William Massey spent three days with Teddie Waters in Savannah. Teddie enjoyed having him. He hopes that William will come to Savannah again next summer.
Teddie Waters's uncle took several of his relatives and him to his cousin's wedding at Neese. South Carlona on July 7.
William Massey's father helped him fix up a small shoe shop in the back of his store last May. William repaired shoes through the summer.
Ralph Benson had a nice time last summer. He took a trip to Atlanta with his brother to see some relatives and spend the night with them.
Maurice Samples helped his father throughout the summer in the Big House Cafe. He helped him cook hamburgers and wash dishes. His father was proud of him.

REPORTERS:
Leonard Barrow Douglas Shaffer Ralph White
John Smith and George Smith went hunting one day in June. They looked for squirrels and saw two big doves sitting on a branch. John went behind the tree. He shot at them, but the gun broke open. and the shell came out. John was very angry 'at the gun.
Bob Adams received a card from his mother one day and was glad to get it. His mother told him that she would send him some roasted peanuts soon. We hope that he shall enjoy his peanuts.
The boys football squad played the Rome High B Team at the Darlington field October 6 at 3:30 Tommy Hamm said that he tried to win although we hadn't the slightest chance to win for they were such good players.
Leonard Barrow stayed in Cave Spring 'all through the summer. He worked on the farm and sometimes also helped Mr. Caple in the dairy.
Carl Barber is learning how to operate the linotype machine in the print shop. He does that by practicing on the dummy linotype.
Calvin Stegins goes to the print shop everyday at eight o'clock and again in the afternoon at two 0' clock. He enjoys his work there.
Oran Price's dog died last summer. Oran misses him.
Ned Palmer took a trip to Atlanta last summer and spent two days with Maurice Samples.
John Hayes went to Decatur with his nephew. They rode their bicycles. They stayed about a week and had a fine time.
C. G. Tuner received a box from his parents one day last week. They sent him some food and funny papers.
Laroy Garner and his friend went bicycling to Cave Spring last summer. They saw Leonard Barrow, Tommy Hamm, and Mr.

Tollefson at the swimming pool. They had a nice time. but were very tired when they got home.
Fred Buchanan received two letters from President Roosevelt last summer. The President said that he appreciated the drawings Fred sent him.
One Friday night Pat Kelly and Claude Campbell went to East
Griffin to see a wrestling match.
Jack Hackney and Miller wrestled. Claude enjoyed the wrestling. westling.
One day last summer Jack Sellers and all his brothers went to town to see a movie. The picture was Snow White. It was very good.
Our football team played against Rome High School Friday. October 6. Allerson Sherman hoped that we would beat them. Mr. Olaf Tollefson is our football coach this year.
Ralph White was very much surprised when he heard that he had been promoted to a higher class. He will have to study very hard if he wants to keep up with his new class.
Jack and Raleigh Sellers went to Savannah with several deaf girls on July Fourth. They went swimming at the beach and had a good time.
Byron Avant got a letter from his mother September 30 saying that she was spending a week with his sister in Atlanta. He thinks that his sister is very happy to have his mother there with her.
Elliott Jameson was in the country one day last summer. He got his little toe smashed. It swelled up and he could not walk fast. He didn't have any fun while it was sore.
Olin Love and his mother went to Jacksonville, Florida in June to visit his aunt. They went to the Jacksonville Beach. Olin met Myrtle Turnage and Doris Herrin there.
Mack Padgett worked for Mr. and Mrs. Clark last summer. He swept the yard, mowed the grass. and helped Mrs. Clark clean house.

-9-

News From The Girls' Side

Nettie Lee Tucker met Lloyd Newton before she came to school in September. She said that he wanted to come back to school, but was too old. We are sorry
for him.

Pauline Stith had a nice time last summer. On June 18 she went to Cobbtown to have dinner with Pearl Brewton. She was surprised that she had already invited several deaf people. Among them were Evelyn and Henry Doyle, Teddie W"aters, Emma Brewton, and George Mock.

One day last summer Emma

Brewton and Fannie Faulk took

a trip to Red Bluff, South Car-

olina to a fish fry. They had a

nice time.

Susie Taylor kept house and

worked on the farm all summer.

She said that she worked very

hard.

Evelyn Doyle and her brother

went to Lyon to get Mr. and Mrs.

Whipple. They went to Vidilla

to have dinner with Pauline Stith

They had a grand time. It was

al most 12 :30 when they got back

home.

Two of Irene Browning's

friends from Florida came to see

her in August and stayed for sev-

eral days. They all had a great deal

m.M. of fun. Irene hopes that her

'u!e2e l(lq (l(lS 01 (lWO:>

SpU(l!l}

Pauline Carter went to Pauline

Stith's the third of September.

Pauline Stith invited twelve

people to have dinner with her.

Her sister took them to Brice after

dinner to see a beautiful house and

then to her sister's. Refreshments

were served. They enjoyed the

day very much.

Carolyn Gunnells had a trip to Flovilla last summer and she visited her sisters. She spent four weeks with them. Her friends in Flovilla took her to Jackson one afternoon. She enjoyed her trip very much.

Last summer Myrtle Turnage was walking on the road to the swimming pool when suddenly she saw a rattle snake crawling on a wide road. She screamed and hurried back home. She said that

REPORTERS: Esther Poole Ethel Pope Idell Rentz
she never walked on that road again.
Catherine Langer went with her family to Columbus, Ohio to visit her aunt. They stayed in Columbus for several days. Then they went to New York and to the World's Fair. They had a wonderful trip which Catherine enjoyed very much.
On July 2 Eragane Wilson and several numbers of her family stayed in Miami, Florida for two days. They had an enjoyabl~ trip and Eragane wants to return to Florida some time.
Mr. and Mrs. Ownsly took Doris Herrin to Jacksonville, Florida with them where they remained three days. They went bathing, sightseeing, and to the zoo and an amusement park. The roller coaster was fun.
Jennie Mock did not come to school the twelfth of September because her mother was very sick. Suddenly her mother died. We were sorry to hear of it.
Sybil Cook spent two weeks with Idell Rentz. They went to Tybee on the Fourth of July. After swimming all day, they enjoyed a party at Teddie Waters' that evening.
On July first Francine Waldrop went to Franklin, North Carolina to visit her relatives. She had a very pleasant time there.
Hazel McLendon spent three weeks in Atlanta with her sisters last summer. Her cousin was also in Atlanta visiting her sisters. They had a glorious time there.
Esther Poole was very much disappointed because she did not have any vacation during the summer. Her daddy was ill for three months, but now he is fine.
Dorothy Neal and a crowd of deaf people went fishing the second of September. They enjoyed fishing and having a fish supper.

Irene Browning spent a week with Frankie Baxley in August. Then Irene Rentz and Frankie went to Irene's and spent a week.
Elaine Willard spent a few days with her brother and sister-in-law in August. She enjoyed taking care of her little nephew, cleaning up the house, and cooking for her brother and sister-in-law while they worked at the shoe factory.
Louise Holland stayed here with Mrs. Stevens and kept house and cooked for her during the summer. Louise was a good maid.
In May Louise Mayn"ard spent a week in Thomaston, Georgia with her sister, Mrs. Coy H. Henton. She had a real nice time there.
Maggie Lane and her sister went to Blakely, Georgia to visit their brother and sister-in-law in July and spent a week with them. They had a glorious time.
Florence Johnson had a wonderful time last summer. She stayed with Doris Hanes and then with her relatives in Alabama for a month.
Mildred Scurlock was very much surprised when Mrs. Gibbons came to Chickamauga to see her the twenty-third of April.
Janetta Wilson enjoyed having Florence Johnson and her family for several visits during the summer.
Ruth Cook and her family went to North Carolina one day last summer to visit relatives. They had a good time during their trip to North Carolina.
Louise Caudell's sister-in-law and two nieces and nephews from North Carolina spent several days with Louise and her family in August. Louise had not seen them for a long time.
Bill Massey, Teddie Waters, Fleta Kitchens and Ruth Wilson
went to visit MardI Martin and Annie Logan in Athens for a week last summer. They had an enjoyable visit.
Janetta Wilson, Doris Herrin, Mac Ellerbee, Emma Brewton, Annie Logan, Florence Johnson,

-10-

THE SCHOOL HELPER

October, 1939

Ralph White, Pauline Carter, and Kathleen Highfield go to the Methodist Church to Sunday School every Sunday.
Willen Letson received a letter recently from her aunt who lives in California. She wrote that it never rains where she lives.
One Sunday morning Frankie and Hazel Baxley, and Jack and Raleigh Sellers enjoyed having dinner at Idell's home. After that they took Irene Browning to spend a week with Frankie and Hazel.
Ruth Wilson spent two weekI; with Fleta Kitchens in Commerce, Georgia last summer. They also visited Marell Martin and Annie Logan.
Julia Williamson's sister and brother-in-law will go to the World's Fair. They are in New York. She could have gone with them. but she had rather come to school.
Margaret Perdue was very happy October 3 because she received a post card from Miss Fitzgerald. She will write to her as soon as she can.
Barbara Russell and her parents spent a month at Minneapolis, Minnesota. Barbara enjoyed her trip and had a nice time.
Mary Taylor had a fine time last summer for she spent two weeks with Catherine Langer. She enjoyed a picnic with Catherine before she went back home.
THE CONVENTION OF THE AMERICAN INSTRUCTORS
OF THE DEAF
(Continued from Page 8)
to that of any other University in the United States. Mr. Hollingsworth's p'aper was very well received by all those present and invoked considerable lively discussion.
The paper given by Mr. Parks W<lS 011 purposes and problems of the present-day cirriculum. After delineJting the basic philosophy of curriculum construction, Mr. Parks suggested a definite procedure by which effective revision may be accomplished, including a clear-cut statement of objectives,

selection and organization of content matenial, adapt~on to community and individual needs of pupils, and helpfulness to teachers. In addition Mr. Parks outlined the type of organization necess'ary to cope with the problem of revising the curriuclum.
At the business meeting held on Friday the following officers were elected: Mr. Elwood A. Stevenson of California, president; Dr. Clarence J. Settles, Florida SchooL vice-president; Dr. Elizabeth Peet, Gallaudet College, second vicepresident; Mr. Burton W. Driggs, Idaho School, secretary, and Mr. Odie W. Underhill, North Carolina School, treasurer. The three directors are Dr. Ignatius Bjorlee, Marytand. Miss Josephine F. Quinn, Minnesota, and Mr. C. E. MacDonald, British Columbia. The new section leaders for the convention are: Supervision, Miss Sarah E. Lewis, Lexington School; Speech; Miss Jennie M. Henderson,Horace Mann School; Auricular Training, Mr. Marshall Hester, California School; Curriculum Content, Mr. Roy G. Parks, Georgia School; Vocational Training and Art, Dr. Tom L. Anderson, Iowa School; Health Education, Mr. George W. Harlow, Mt. Airy School; Character Training Miss Rae Martino, Arizona School; and Publications, Mr. Tobias Brill, New Jersey School.
An invitation to hold the 1941 convention at the Missouri School was unanimously accepted. This was very pleasing to the officers of the Georgia School for the Deaf as it is now possible for Georgia to have a good representation at the next convention.
AMONG THE STAFF
Continued from Page 6
wish them much success in their new work. Among them were Mr. and Mrs. John Welles who accepted positions as teachers in the Tennessee school; Miss Edith Fitzgerald is teaching at another school; Mrs. Carolyn Shipley has settled down with her husband; Miss Jessie Stevens went to the Alabama school; and Miss Doris

Mann has a new position in Monroe, Georgia. The new teachers are Mrs. Russell Irwin, Misses Paris and Watson who were members of our normal class last year. New members in other departments are Misses Gene Gesling, supervisor of the small girls and Effie Wood, supervisor of the small boys. Miss Dorothy Stephens filled the vacancy of Miss Mann. Miss Rebecca Spencer is the new secretary to Mr. Hollingsworth in the place of Mrs. Caple and Mr. Clifford Culberston takes Mr. Otis Grimes' place.
We are happy to report that Mrs. Nell Gibbon who has been quite for several weeks following an operation is well along the road to recovery again. Mrs. Gibbons expects to be able to take up her duties at the school by November 1 if her improvement continues.
The many friends of Mr. J. C. Harris, Superintendent-emeritus of our school, will regret to learn that he has been confined to a hospital in Philadelphia since August. We hope for him a speedy recovery.
We wee.? glad to welcome among our summer VISitors to Cave Spring Miss Nettie McDaniel Principal of the school for the Deaf at Beverly, Massachusetts. For many years Miss McDaniel was assistant principal of our school and formed a large circle of friends in Cave Spring who always gladly welcome her back "home".
"ARTS AND MYSTERIES OF A TRADE"
(Continued from Page 2)
training was helping boys to earn a living after leaving school. The girls however seem to be entirely neglected. And most of the boys went back to farms, with little or no training except that of possibly helping with the chores around the school. The nineteenth century ended with a program in operation, incomplete but full of promise.
In a later issue some of the problems arising in the twentieth century will be discussed.

-11-

Library Notes

A NUMBER of our students have asked for information con-
cerning Ellen G. Fisher. the deaf woman for whom our library was named and who always showed the keenest interest in the Georgia School for the Deaf and its students.
Mrs. Fisher was born in Barnstable County. Massachusetts. She attended the American Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb at Hartford. Connecticut. and while a student in this school she met her future husband. James Fisher. an Englishman who had emigrated to America with his family in e"arly childhood. Both Ellen Newcomb "and James Fisher were pupils of Laurent Clerc. The latter came from France with Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet and was one of the first teachers of the deaf in the United States.
On November 18. 1840. Ellen Newcomb was married to James Fisher. For many years they lived at Harper's Ferry where Mr. Fisher was employed in the government armory. Later they moved to Richmond. Virginia where he held a post in Confederate Government service. It may be said in passing that Mr. Fisher was one of the few deaf soldiers on either side in the War Between the States.
It was in 1867 when the Georgia School for the Deaf was reopened following the war tbat James Fisher became a part of our schoo!. Until 1886 when he retired from active service. he was a loyal faithful teacher. During these years Mr. and Mrs. Fisher lived in the school and formed an intimate part of the school family.
I always think of Ellen G. Fisher as one of the bright spots of my childhood. To me she was a real inspiration and nothing made me happier that to slip away to her room for a visit. She always welcomed me with a smile and never seemed too busy to take special interest in the things that c"lncerned me and my childhood likes and dislikes. Then. too. she never forgot the bowl on her

table which held fruit. cookies. candy or other things dear to a childish heart.
She took a keen interest in reading and often lent me magazines. pointing out the stories or articles she knew I should like. Reading was her favorite recreation and she showed much interest in the deaf children and their reading. re"alizing as she did the serious importance of this branch of their education.
On February 10. 1890. James Fisher died in Brunswick. Georgia at the age of seventy-five. Mrs. Fisher continued to live in Atlanta where they had made their home most of the time since leaving our school. The Georgia School for the De"af had always been dear to the heart of Ellen G. Fisher. She loved my father. Superintendent W. O. Connor. and the school family as her own. This being true it seemed quite natural and quite like her to remember our library in her will. when she died in Atlanta. Georgia in 1903. Indeed it is to her and her munificent gift that we owe the foundation of our library to-day.
Just recently Mrs. Bayard Wootten. nationally known pictorialist. who in her early womanhood taught art in our school presented the library with a handsome portrait of Mrs. Fisher. This portrait is framed in "a handcarved frame. made at the school and will hang in a prominent place in our library where it will be a constant inspiration to all.
-Haeriet Connor Stevens
We are indeed happy and grateful to report a number of splendid donations to our library this summer. It is inspiring to know that our old students are taking an enthusiastic interest in our work. Byrd Trawick. of Cedartown. gave us seventeen well chosen volumes. Miss Wimbish. a former teacher. gave us twentyone. Miss Hattie Harrell who taught in our school for several years gave us a copy of Stars Fell on Alabama. Other contributors

were Miss Pauline Camp. of Madison. Wisconsin. also a one time teacher. and fifteen books were added by exchange.

Some books we need and want. Can't you help us find them.

Old Hickory's Pioners

Marshall

Mrs. Wiggs of the

Cabbage Patch

Rice

The Kentucky Cardinal

Allen

The Choir Invisible

Allen

Behind the Great Smokies Strong

Blackbeard's Treasure

Cartell

You Make Your Own

Luck

Singmaster

Colonial Twins of Old

Virginia

Perkins

Pappy King

Weaver

Lil Miss Tweety

Pyrnelle

Two Little Southern Sisters

and Their Garden play

Young

Lucille
Young Volunteer with Old Hickory

Meredith Knapp

Young Mountaineers

Craddock

David Crockett

Allen

Little Lady of the Fort

Barnes

Tom and I on the Old Plantation

RutledgE;

In Another Girl's Shoes

Ruck

The Yoke

Miller

On the Wings of

Occasions Joel chandler Harri::;

Truths of History

Oglesby

Janice Meredith When Knighthood Was

Ford

In Flower

Caskoden (Major)

Alice of Old Vincennes

Thompson

Quo Vadis All of Marion Crawford's Stories All of Miss Mulock's Stories Paul Bunyan and His Great

Blue Ox

Wadsworth

Gettysburg

Singmaster

Wind in the Chimney

Meigs

Little House on Wheels

Hayes

King of the Thundering

Herd

Hawke:3

War Trail

Gregor

Those Plummer Children

Govan

Red Heifer

Davison

All the Ogli Stories

Kipling

Men Against the Sea

Nordhoff

Street Fair

Fisher

Tangled Waters

Means

Men of Iron

Pyle

Audubon

Rourke

Wild Life of the South

Rutledge

Marsh Island Mystery

Chapman

Seven Beads of Wampum

Gale

Uncle Bill

James

-12-

ADMINISTRAnON

E. D. Rivers

Governor

State Board of Public Welfare

Braswell Deen

Director

Dr. C. J. Welborn,Director, Div.of Institutions

In cooperation with

Floyd Countv Board of Education

J. Scott Davis A. N. Swain

Chairman County Sup't of Schools

Administration

C. H. Hollingsworth, M. A Superintendent

J. C. Harris, M. A

Sup't Emeritus

Rebecca J. Spencer

Secretary

Clifford W. Culbertson

Steward

OFFICERS AND TEACHERS

Academic

Roy G. Parks, M. A

Principal

Marie Kennard,B.S. Supervisor,Primary Dept.

Julia L. Arnold

Juliet McDermott

Gladys E. CarpenteI Ila Sewell, A. B.

Katherine Casey Charlotte Reynolds, B.S.

Pauline N. Casey Edythe D. Montgomery

Gladys B. Clark Margaret Paris

Ruth Forbes

Olaf Tollefson, B. A.

Nell A. Gibbons

Allie S. Woodruff

Russell Irwin

Katherine Watson

Jessie F. Jones

Harriet C. Stevens. A. B., Librarian

Vocational

John L. Caple

Principal

A. May Clark Dorothy Stephens, B.S.H.E.-

Barton Clark, B. A.

J. R. Ware

William McCanless

Cecil White

Annie McDaniel H. E. Woodruff, B.S.A.

Physical Educl1tion

Sarah F. Ware

Director of Girls

Race Drake, B. A

Director of Boys

Medical

J. C. Connor, M. D General Practitioner

W. S. Watson, D. D. S

Dentist

Ralph McCord, M. D. .

Otologist

Lillie Mae Wood,R. N

Nurse

Household

Leila H. Barnett

Matron of Dormitories

Annie D. Dickerson Director of Laundry

Olaf Tollefson, B. A

Dean of Boys

Race Drake, B. A Connor Dillard

Head Supervisor Supervisor

Everett Ryle Luella Brown Effie Wood Gena Gesslin

Barber and Janitor Supervisor of Small Boys
Supervisor Supervisor

Ruby D. Perry J. A. Elrod

Dining-room Matron Night Watchman

Maintenance

John L Caple

Engineer

C. H. Chapman

Mechanic

Capers Baxter

Fireman

Calvin Holman

Fireman

D. S. Peck

Plumber

H. E. W oodroff

Farm Manager

Walter Wade William Stewart Harvey Wilson J. F. Morgan

Yardman Farmer
Dairyman Carpenter

School for the Colored

J. D. Rice

Principal

Estelle G. Rice

Teacher

Wilhelmina Betton.............. Teacher

Annie Mae Bostic............... Teacher

Bertie London

Seamstress

E. Willard Rice... . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. Matron

James E. Swanson

Boys' Supervisor

Cynthia Strange

Girls' Supervisor

lorda Schoo for the ea

versus

Oe gia Sc 00

t e ea

C0 E



C

I 0 EO G

dmis ion----------35C

JOL


November, 1939 Vol. 40 No.2

PUBLISHED A T THE GEORGIA SCHOOL FOR. THE DEAF
I



~ or that ltthitlt \ttt_.
Itf us b~ 'ijbltanktu1 1f

THANKSGIVING-DAY
Over the river and through the wood. To Grandfather's house we go; The horse knows the way To carry the sleigh Through the white and drifted snow.
Over the river and through the wood.Oh, how the wind does blow! It stings the toes, .And bites- the nose, As over the ground we go.
Over the river and through the wood, To have a first-rate play, Hear the bells ring "Ting-a-ling-ding!" Hurrah for Thanksgiving Day!
Over the river and through the wood. Trot fast, my dapple-gray! Spring over the ground Like a hunting hound, For this is Thanksgiving-Day.
Over the river and through the wood. And straight through the barnyard gate! We seem to go Extremely slow,It is so hard to wait!
Over the river and through the wood; Now Grandmother's cap I spy! Hurrah for the fun! Is the pudding done? Hurrah for the pumpkin pie!
-Lydia Maria Child.

SCHOOL
HE L PER

C. H. HOLLINGSWORTH

.

Roy G. PARKS

N ELL A. GIBBO s

H. E. W OODRUFF

BARTO CLARK

Vol. 40

NOVEMBER" 1939

IN THIS ISSUE

A LETTER TO PATRO IS A 0 FRIE OS

THE TRANSITION____ _ .___ _ __ _

SPIRITUAl. TRAINING FOR OUR PUPILS EOITORIALLY SPEAKING_ __ __ _

SUPERINTE DENT'S CORl ER

.

CO-CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES A BOOK REVIEW

EWS FROM THE PRIMARY SIOE.

AMONG THE STAFF

EdiCOr ex-officio

.

Editor

Associate Editor

Associate Editor

Printing Instructor

No.2

._. __
..

3 _5
6 7 8 10 12 13 14

All communications should be addressed to the School Helper, Cave Spring. Georgia. Published monthly during the school year in the Printing Department of the Georgia
School for the Deaf. Entered at the Po t Office at Cave Spring, Georgia, as second class matter Novem-
ber, 1899. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided in Section 103. Act of October 3, 1917. Authorized October 31, 1918. Subscription price is fifty
cents for nine months.

Right: The Perry house, located on the farm recently purchased, will be a part of the new Colored School.
Below: A view of the campus showing the administration and school buildings. The creek bed at this point has been converted into a modern swimming pool by the city of Cave Spring.
F';-" _ ~~.~:..-* .......~ >-~ "r~

~rnrgia ~rlfnnl fnr tlfr iraf
CAVE SPRING. GEORGIA

C. H. HolliDlawortb Superintendent

Dear Patrons and Friends,
It was with sincere regret that the announcement or the temporary closing of school October 31 had to go forward to you several weeks ago. That the necessity for this action was deplored by the school, the Governor of our state, the State Board of Public Welfare, and friends of the education of the deaf everywhere, cannot be gainsaid.
However, we are all mindful of the fact that this inconvenience is a harbinger of better things to come. We are, for the present, giving right-of-way to a new building and repair program which will, when completed, double the capacity of the school. It will, at the same time, improve and modernize the entire plant to the extent that your child will be safe while working under conditions conducive to wholesome progress. A~testing to the needs of this expansion and improvement, we have only to recall the delapidated and unsafe condition of the buildings and the fact that there are more than a hundred eligible boys and girls on the waiting list seeking admission.

It must be the determined purpose of everyone to push this building and repair program on to its full completion; and then to keep the school in session, when it reconvenes in January, until the year'~ work will have been completed. The past neglect of Georgia's children handicapped with deafness demands no less than that.
A detailed study of new construction and repairs now being made will be found in Mr. Woodruff's article in this issue of the School Helper.
Thanking you for your fine cooperation in meeting this emergency and looking forward to your continued support, I am
Very sincerely,
c. H. HOLLINGSWORTH, SUPERINTENDENT.
-~-

The beginning of the Georgia School for the Deaf.
.
Right: The old school building now being used as a boys' dormitory. Erected in 1884.
Below: View of the cam9US taken a number of years ago showing the administration building, girls' dormitory, and dining hall at the back.

The Transition

H. E. Woodruff

N EVER before in its history has visited the school inspecting ex- called the Primary Department. the Georgia School for the isting facilities and m'aking studies We are suffering great distress for

Deaf seen such rapid improvement cf needs. The legislature. in ses- lack of dormitory room. especially

in its physical plant. On Novem- rion at the time. set aside certain for the boys. The provision of a

ber first the pupils left old build- funds to be used for repairs. It was dormitory for the small children

ings that were inadequate. unsafe. during the summer of 1938 that to be located at a considerable dis-
and unsightly. In January. we are some idea of the magnitude of the tance from the present dormitory assured. they will return to a plant program began to be apparent as wo~ld r~lieve this unhealthy con-

consisting of either new buildingi plans were drawn for a com- gestIon in our present dormitory

modern in design or old buildings plete new plant.

and provide conditions that would

made over along latest approved During the closing months of give to our younger children only

lines.

that year plans became more fixed the modern methods of instruc-

This transition taking place dur- for some of the items on the con- tion."

ing these two months represents struction program. In December a A quarter of a century later

years of effort and many months contract was let to build a new this recommendation has received

of actual construction. It will not primary unit financed by state 'and favorable action. Now the young-

be completed II'"":".......,--~-.".,.,....--.~_.~------..,..,..---~---~---...."..,.cr-:::-=-:-=-.e.r pupils will

by 1940. al-

be housed in

though suffi-

';

a building es-

cient spa c e

pecially plan-

will be avail-

ned for their

able for saris-

comfort and

factory tem-

wellbeing.

porary opera-

Their school

tion. In or-

will be made

der that this

for the i r

change might

needs. Their

take place a

recre'a t ion

recess of two

will be with

months h.:ts o ther s of

been taken to permit fi-

similar ages. and they wili

n a I touches

be surround-

to be made

ed by an at-

on the new

mo s p her e

buildings and

conducive to

emptying of

their most ra-

old struct-

pid develop-

tureS.

menlo

For several years govern-

THE NEW PRIMARY UNIT

A dormitory built for the

ing boards and committees have PWA funds. This building is larger girls is now finished, mod-

recommended the modernization now nearing completion and will ern in every way and com-

of the plant.

be ready for occupancy when pletely fireproof. No longer will

The staff and friends have lived school reconvenes in January. It deaf girls sleep on the third floor

in constant dread of fire. With will house the primary department of old Fannin Hall with its old

ten to fifteen sleeping in a in all of its activities. It will in- woodwork and open stairways

room epidemics of colds. influenza. clu.de bedrooms for 150 pupils. making the spread of an accident-

measles. mumps. and other diseases play rooms. dining rooms, kitch- al fire rapid. and escape difficult.

constantly threatened and fre- en. and eleven classrooms. For the The building formerly used for quently materialized. At one time first time the school will be equip- boys has been empty for several

early in 1939 there were seventy ped for testing hearing and have weeks and is being completely re-

pupils on the sick list. Crowded hearing aid equipment. This work modeled to serve as a classroom

sleeping quarters aggravated this will be carried on in two rooms building for the advanced depart-

ccndition. Fortunately there were Iccated in the new building.

ment. This will be ready when

no fatalities.

In the annual report of the the pupils return. The larger boys

In the fall of 1937 a representa- superintendent in 1916 we find will continue to have their sleep-

tive of the State Planning Com- this recommendation: "We most ing quarters in the "Id school

mission visited the school and urgently recommend that a new building where they have been

made some definite recommenda- building be provided in which all located for the past two years.

tions. During the winter that fol- of our young children of the They will have more room on

lowed various groups of engineers white department will live. to be

(Continued on Page 16)

-5-

Spiritual Training For Our Pupils

Nell A. Gibbons

THE schools for the de"af over the country are much concerned about the mental and physical training of the pupils entrusted to their care much of the year but what are they doing about the moral side of their education? In the Georgia School we have inaugurated "a Sunday program which has caused a good deal of favorable comment both locally and abroad to which we would like to call attention" It has proved successful here and we see no reason why it shouldn't be practical
for other schools"
At nine o'clock each Sunday morning the pupils of the advanced and intermediate departments gather in the chapel in their preliminary Sunday School assembly. They have their officers, the same as any church school, whom they elect bi-annually: Superintendent, Assistant Superintendent, Secretary, and Treasurer. The Superintendent posts the program for the following Sunday on the bulletin board sometime during the week so that there is ne con fusion and each child who is expected to take part may be prepared. A new chapel book containing hymns, prayers, responsive readings, etc. has been recently compiled which we hope wiil more adequately fill the needs of the students. Each pupil has his own book and is held responsible for it. The programs are carried out orally for the most part.
At the close of the 'assembly, which usually lasts from 20 to 25 minutes, the pupils go to their classes. Those who care to attend Sunday School classes at either of the churches in the community are permitted to do so while the others remain at school where teachers take charge of classes. There is :l class for the deaf at each church, Mr. Tollefson being in charge of the one at the Methodist Church and Mr. Drake being the teacher of the class at the Baptist Church. The pupils enjoy this contact with hearing boys and girls of their own age and the association is most beneficial to them.

Not long ago the writer was seated just in front of a class of deaf children in a hearing Sunday School and was surprised and delighted at the manner in which they entered into the service; singing the songs and reading responsively with the others.
One of the co-curricular activities sponsored by our school last year was the attendance of the pupils at the morning church service at a local church once each month, with the deaf pupils in charge of the devotional part of the service. The Baptist and Meth-
Sunday School Class at the Baptist Church
odist Churches welcomed the students wholeheartedly and they attended these churches alternate1y. A fine feeling of interest and unity was created which increased during the year. This fall we are again observing this program the first service being held on the 24th of September at the Methodist Church. The pupils opened with the hymn "Holy, Holy, Holy" in which the congregation joined. Following this the pupils repeated the Lord's Prayer in unison. Other hymns were sung and a reponsive reading was then given. After the sermon the students sang the Doxology and repeated together the closing prayer. Every part of the program in which the pupils participated was given orally. So well were the children trained that it is doubtful if a stranger in the congregation would have detected that more than half of those present were deaf. We believe that these services are unusual because if there is another school in

~he land that is taking its pupils Into churches in the community and having them participate with the congregation in the service, we have never heard of it.
As we believe the ability to actively enter into the things that count for spiritual development is most important, we have set apart a period each week for the pupils to assemble in the chapel at which time hymns, responsive readings, Psalms, prayers, etc. are practiced. All of the teachers accompany the pupils and lend what assistance is necessary. We have found that it is most important to have a competent leader who un d e rstands rhythm and expression to the extent that she is able to impart them to the pupils. It is necessary, too, to have a pianist for while the children can do nothing more than chant the hymns a musical accompanimtent 1 end s greatly to the general effect.
The pastors of the churches prepare sermons that the deaf boys and girls will comprehend and appreciate and Mr. Parks interprets his rem"arks in the sign language so that the pupils may understand more fully.
We feel that this training we are giving our pupils is invaluable in many ways and it is a service which we hope will be more universally practiced.
The first issue of the Buff and Blue under the date of October 9 announCe5 a widespread revision of the curriculum of Gallaudet College, and concludes as follows: "Basing their conclusions on the fact that tests conducted last year revealed that the median of the Sophomore class was above that of thousands of students in other colleges, the Faculty is confident the new curriculum will lead to a more well-rounded education will provide better training for teachers, and will raise the educational standards of Gallaudet in the eyes of other colleges."
-The South Dakota Banner

-6-

Editorially Speaking

Roy G. Parks

Distinguished Visitors
The Georgia School for the Deaf was honored by a visit by Rev. Robert C. Fletcher October 22. Rev. Fletcher arrived about 5 :30 P. M. and spoke to the pupils the same evening. He is a past master in understanding his audience. For more than an hour he held the pupils spellbound. Georgia is looking forward to another visit from Rev. Fletcher just as soon as school reopens.
Rev. J. W. Gardner, working under the Baptist Home Mission Board, visited the school October 26. Although a comparative stranger to Cave Spring, one would have never known it. His sermon on the wayward son was delivered with such clearness that even the youngest child in school could follow him. Rev. Gardner has promised to return and hold S'ervices in the local churches in the near future.
On Friday, October 27, there arrived a large blue and white bus with a sign on the side that clearly told all that it was from the Florida School for the Deaf. After the occupants emerged from the huge bus it was discovered that they were the coaches and football players of the Florida School for the Deaf. Mr. Dey and Mr. Gerber-Florida had such an array of talent she had to have a staff of coaches and trainers-accompanied the boy,s to Cave Spring. Aft.er being with us Friday night and Saturday, it was learned that both Mr. Gerber and Mr. Dey originally hailed from the North. We have never had with us any more perfect Southern Gentlemen than Mr. Dey and Mr. Gerber. In spite of the torn-up condition of the school, ;compliments flowed from the lips o.t the two men. Naturally we were pleased to hear compliments coming from men who have such fine equipment to work with as Florida provides. Evidently manners and spirit are like measlesl--catching. The boys conducted themselves in a manner which would have been complimentary to any school in the land. Florida is to be congratulated on having two fine young men like Mr. Dey and Mr. Gerber. (Incidentally we lost the game by a nice margin. but not by a score to be ashamed of. When another football season rolls around, Fords,

Lincolns, and Plymouths, all bearing Georgia licenses, will invade the campus of the Florida School for the Deaf in order to try to take back the scalps of some of the Seminole Indians to Georgia.)
Welcome and Congratulations
During the summer l:'everal important changes were made in positions of heads of schools. The new men, Mr. Harley Z. Wooden, Michigan; Mr. Morris Wood, Mt. Airy School for the Deaf; Mr. Joseph E. Healy, Virginia; Mr. E. R. Wright, Texas, we welcome to our ranks. The profession is certain to gain a great deal from these new men in new ideas and enthusiasm. We feel confident that the above mentioned men will aid materially in placing the profession of teaching the deaf at the head of the list, a place it rightfully deserves.
To Mr. Howard M. Quigley, of Kansas, former academic principal of Iowa, and Mr. Arthur S. Myklebust, formerly of Iowa and Montana, now Superintendent of South Dakota, we offer our congratulations and best wishes for continued success. Both are able young men and should carry their schools to new and greater heights.
The boards of the above mentioned schools have made wise choices and we hope for the welfare of the deaf child their decisions will be as wise in other matters pertaining to the schools as they were in selecting the heads.
Another Loss--Another Gain
Mrs. Julia Arnold has resigned to accept a teaching position in the Northern N. Y. School for the Deaf, Malone, New York. We regret very mueh to lose such a splendid teacher as Mrs. Amold, but due to the increase in salary and opportunity we can say nothing but, "God Speed and Good Luck." Looking at the cheerful side. we know Mrs. Arnold will reflect nothir;g but honor and glory on the State of Georgia. To the other states we might add that we have a few good teachers left, but please don't make your offers too attractive. This makes the fifth teacher we have lost to other states since September.

-7-

Superintendent's Corner

C. H. Hollingsworth

T Romance m

HERE is now a great new build-

Building

ing and repair

program under

way at the Georgia School for the

Deaf.The largest single unit of the

new structures is the Primary

Building. Viewed in the light of

the most pretentious we had be-

fore the program was inaugurated,

the Primary Building is a mag-

nificent structure. For its day, it

possibly rivals old Fannin Hall,

when in its prime of fifty years

ago, it stood in ornate splendor

as the 'architectural gem of all

north Georgia.

A new girls' dormitory, two
buildings for the school for the Negroes, located on the newly acquired Perry Farm, a complete new water and heating system, and a repair program embracing all existing old buildings, constitute
the addition'al procedure.

What does all this development mean? It represents a step from inadequately provided educational advantages for about one half of Georgia's children, entitled to the same, to adequate physical provisions for all of them. To approximately one half of our State's children handicapped with deafness, it may represent the difference between hope and despair, self-reliance and dependency, happiness and misery. These gains cannot be reckoned in dollars and cents and the value of these improvements is far beyond our poor powers to determine. That there is a glamor and a thrill permeating the minds and hearts of those who worked and prayed to these ends can not be denied. We have seen old eyes shed tears of joy; we have seen many workers for the cause imbued with new hope; and we have witnessed happiness coming into the lives of children and parents alike in anticipation of what these improvements
would mean to them.

One other building being erected on the school property is more than worthy of a mention. For sheer romance and character de-

veloping requIsites, this building stands in a class alone. True, it is not a part of the big glamorous program, but it was born of neccesity, ingeniously provided for, and now stands as a monument to willing sacrifice and love. Perhaps it is difficult to connect romance with the building of a cow barn. But this modern one hundred and twenty foot milking barn is accuratel y constructed from plans furnished by the State College of Agricul ture. Its construction was engineered by our school personnel; its timbers were salvaged materials; its foundation was dug and the cement was poured by a deaf teacher and students who became callous-handed and deeply tanned as they labored throughout the hot summer months. The monetary award was a mere pittance, but pride in workmanship and a willingness to give of what they had was great.
Yes, there is romance in building!

T That Trip to

URNING out early the morning

Berkeley

of J u n e 10,

(Continued) while Sante Fe still

s 1u m b ere d, we

drove into Albuquerque. New

Mexico's metropolis city, for

breakfast. We were headed for the

Grand Canyon country in North

Arizona. The whole day's journey

was pleasant and intensely interest-

ing. There is a certain invigoration

in the dry atmosphere that covers

the high tablelands of western

New Mexico and northern Ari-

zona. But what! no dewy morn-

ings, beautiful clouds at sunset.

placid waters and rippling streams,

and the damp sweet coolness of

shade afforded by luxurio~s vir-

ginal growth ?-We are reminded

of the Texas soldier who was

shunted to a camp in the heart of

Kentucky's bluegrass region in the

most be.. uteous season of the year.

One evening he was very lonely

and homesick and was heard to

lament, "What would I give to

hear the wind whistling through the sage brush tonight! "
V!e passed m'any Indian villages dunng the day. Time was taken out to inspect ancient aboding places of cliff dwellers and we stopped to look over a few curio shops that dotted the highway. The Pueblo and Navajo tribes predominated in this section. The two were distinguishable by their dress affectations; also, respective differences in craftmanship in woven patterns and silverware work could be recognized.
Further into Arizona, it was not necessary to refer to our road guide to know that we were ap" proaching the renowned "Painted Desert." Varied colored clay pigments had impregnated the city sand, rock, and shale with colorful tints. Vegetation had almost completely disappeared. (Rainfall rarely exceeds six inches in this section of the country.)
Suddenly a wide expanse opened up to our right. Although somewhat prepared for the scene that lay before us the ejaculations of "Ahs." and "Ohs!" that spontaneously leaped into our throats would have done credit to a demonstration by a group of ladies at a bridal shower display. Before us, in the valley of the Little Colorado, lay a never-to-be-forgotten spectacle. Colors-red, pink, chocolate, lavender, pale green, and gray, stood out, and at the same time, blended in exquisite splendor. The "Master Painter", using this valley as a canvas, had painted a picture that defies mortal man to copy. While partaking of the nature of a picture on dry canvas, mirage-like effects gave one at times the impression of an expanse of undulating water with each wave crest a different hue.
Time, space, and limited decriptive power say, "desist!". However, be it said, we brought away with us several hundred feet of technicolot movie film and a great store of mental recordings that we wish, by proximity to, or

-8-

THE SCHOOL HELPER

Noue ber, 1939

by gift of writing, we could share with you.
Bill said the painted desert so far exceeded his expectations in beauty of coloring that when California's redwood forest could not be seen from afar as a deephued red on the horizon, he thought the "West" had let him down.
The two hours tarried beside the "Painted Desert" delayed our progress, but expanded our hearts and spirits to the extent that our approach to the Grand Canyon was in fine fettle and happy anticipation of other "wonder worlds" to conquer. So strengthened a:ld prepared were we, there were no qualms or fears, even when recalling a description of the canyon depicting it as being, "awful in its magnificence."
When we arrived at Grand Canyon Station it was near nightfall. The business of finding a lodging place and getting comfortable for a two-day stay precluded 'any sightseeing this first evening. As arrangements were finally effected, we were housed in a restful cottage while enjoying meals at Bright Angel. Lodge overlooking the canyon nm.
The most noted scenic spectacle of its kind in the world was our privilege to marvel over and enjoy from Saturday night till Monday afternoon.
At the main vantage point, the canyon is approximately six miles from rim to rim and more than one mile deep-the magnificent stupendousness of the thing denies anything more than a prosaic description.-The outcropping rock strata in the walls of the canyon represents geological time from Archaean to Carboniferous, and this limestone, sandstone, and shale varies in colors from white and buff to dull red and green. There is a thirty degree change in temperature from the canyon rim to the bottom. The botanical species variation as seen on the successive step-like escarpments forming the walls represent climes from central North American all the way to Mexico. Comfortably

seated in the cool rarified atmosphere of the canyon's rim. one. any day, may see pack mules. like ants, creeping along a hot desertlike trail five thousand feet below. There were sightseting trips and an excursion part way down. but the most remembered experienct was four entrancing hours on a bench. On the other end of this bench was a halndsome sombreroed youth wearing boots and spurs. We recall that he affably talked about life on the plains, and even told of a trip he made back East. However, now it is realized this conversation, while interestingly informative on the one side, must have been dilatory and abstract on the other. We were under the hypnotic spell of the scene before us-the spirit of some muse must have directed the placing of that seat as a trap and then satisfyingl y smiled on the victims as they were caught.
The stupendous chasm, the delicately tinted haze 'and the changing of colors and play of lights as dusk crept over the rim of the canyon served as a soul stirring climax to the four hours on the bench. This spell was only broken when one of our party, finally spying us, cried, "Where have you been? " We wanted you in some pictures made hours ago."
Two days after our arrival, we tore ourselves away from the Grand Canyon country. Back to U. S. Highway 66, made both famou.s and tragic by John Steinbeck in "The Grapes of Wrath." At Ashfork our course veered off 66 straight south through central Arizona to a junction with Highway 80 between San Antonio and Los Angeles.
Out of Prescott we topped a great promotory that overlooked shimmering desert land as far as eyes could see. \Ve knew we were approaching the several hundred miles of low hot country that must be traversed ere we reached the mountains in the west.
In these past few days, we had seen much of Arizona-two days spent on the high plateaus of the north, then down through the

central part of the state and across the west. Like explorers thrilling over something new, there had been much absorbing of the spirit of the people and their environmental surroundings.
When we met Superintendent Robert D. Morrow, of Arizona, a week later at Berkeley, there was ready appreciation, and even a feeling of kinship, for this fine upstanding young man. It was known that the huge Stetson he wore was a natural affectation 'and not for the purpose of attracting attention. There is something fine and wholesome about these men acclimated to the great open spaces of the west. Greetings. again, Mr. Morrow. and we hope for a better acquaintanceship with you.
Rushing across the desert at night--hot, dry, and a little suffocating, yes, but our endurance and prospective had greatly expanded since we came into the west. At a stop for gas between nine and ten o'clock that night. the thermometer read 108 degrees.
The very next day we occupied a tourist apartment opening on a green court on Ocean Boulevard overlooking the Pacific at Santa Monica. Here. Principal Parks joined our party. He had come out on the bus and had so timed his arrival to be with us for a few days at Los Angeles. He knew this great city 'and had already planned a four-day itinerary. There was a trip to Catalina, deep-sea fishing, ice-skating, tours of the city (including Beverly Hills). a trip to Pasadena, attending a big N.A. A. U. track meet at the colosseum. swimming, and many other things to do that more than completely filled every minute of the stay. However, some of us did all of these things and more besides.
Meeting and hobnobbing with some of the celebrities of Hollywood was not on the schedule. Yet, being greenhorns, we aspired to do just that and to see pictures in the making. Undaunted, we put our heads together in working out strategy to attain the unattain-
(Continued on Page 15)

-9-

Co-Curricular Activities

G.S.D. TIES ROME HIGH
JUNIOR V ARISTY
After some delay in getting underway, the G.S.D. warriors encountered the strong Rome Hi Junior Varisty Friday, October 9. Rome Hi drew first blood on 'a series of long end runs that finally found a half-back in pay dirt. G.S.D. received the kickoff and proceeded to score a touchdown of their own on off tackle drives that left the enemy momentarily stunned. The try for point was missed and the score was tied at six all. Rome Hi elected to kick off to G. S. D. and the boys went over the goal line again without losing the ball. The try for extra point through center by Hester was good and the lads from G.S.D. were leading 13-6. From this point on through the third quarter the game was a seesaw affair with neither team gaining to any extent. However, shortly after the beginning of the fourth quarter, the right halfback of Rome found the end for a beautiful executed pass and the score was 13-12. Pulling a fake place kick the lads from Rome added the extra point to tie the score 13-13. The remainder of the game was fought in midfield.
There was no individual star of the game. On the whole for a team that had played its first game, and to many it was the first game they had seen, it turned in a very creditable performance.
G.S.D. BOWS TO STRONG
DARLINGTON V ARISTY
SQUAD
Fielding almost as many boys as we have in school the Darlington Junior Varisty rather easily subdued the boys from G.S.D. The final score was 14-0. Only once in the game did the boys from G.S.D. threaten to score. This threat came midway in the third quarter after Leonard Barrow had intercepted a pass about the fifty yard line. After a series

of line plays by Hale Hester, the ball was worked to the three yard line where the Darlington Junior Varisty held for downs and then took possession of the ball. Not content with a seven point lead the boys from Darlington proceeded to manufacture another touchdown. Caught by surprise on the first down by a fake kick, the G.S.D. lads were unable to halt the Tigers until they had reached the pay-off--stripe. Two minutes later the game ended with the boys from G.S.D. on the short end of a fourteen to nothing score.
Hale Hester was perhaps the most outstanding player of the game. Time and time again, he broke through the line for spectacular runs only to be caught by the safety man. In the line, Bob Adams, Billy Powell and Mac Ellerbee were the outstanding stars.
G.S.D. DROPS ANOTHER
TO BREMEN
Outweighed almost five pounds to the man, the G.S.D. warriors bowed in defeat to Bremen High School in a night game October 20. The bright lights and the white ball seemed to dazzle the team at the beginning of the game. After a series of reverses and end runs, which placed the boys from G.S.D. fourteen points behind, they woke up and proceeded to score a touchdown of their own. However, Bremen rushed her first string back on the field and proceeded to push over a couple of more touchdowns which placed her well out in front. In the fourth quarter Leonard Barrow threw a perfect strike to Allerson Sherman which resulted in another touchdown for G.S.D. Enhearted by this easy means of scoring, G.S.D. started filling the air with footballs only to have one intercepted and run for a touchdown. This ended the scoring for the evening.
There could hardly a man be picked for outstanding work during the game. Every man on the

team played a splendid game. Lack of experience and dazzling lights, plus a good team, spelled defeat for the boys from G.S.D.
G.S.D. LOSES HOMECOMING
GAME
Coach Tollefson's plans for a celebration at the expense of the Florida School for the Deaf football team went slightly haywire. There is some suspicion that Coach Tollefson had been gazing in the crystal ball or had been to 1.:ee a palmist. At the last minute he decided to have the bonfire and celebration before the game instead of after the game. It is just as well he did as he would not have been in the mood to have had it after his boys went down in defeat to Florida 20-0.
Florida brought one of the best coached aggregations to Cave Spring that has been seen here in a long, long time. Speed, blocking, teamwork and the ability to capitalize on the mistakes of the other team were the main contributing factors in Georgia's defeat.
Choosing to defend the goal with their backs to the wind, sent the Florida boys off to an early lead. After a long kickoff and a blocked punt, Florida scored on the first play to go out in front 6-0. Not disheartened by the score the lads from G.S.D. came back and pushed the ball to the Florida three yard line where with the help of an offside penalty the boys from Florida held for downs. Five more plays by Florida placed the ball over the goal line. The try for point was good and Florida went into the lead 13-0. Midway in the second quarter, Florida again blocked a punt and proceeded to score another touchdown and kick the extra point. This ended the scoring for the day.
Outside of the brilliant running by Florida's fullback, Tarrant, the most outstanding star of the day was Billy Powell, Georgia's left

-10-

THE SCHOOL HELPER

ovember, 1939
I

guard. Billy was a powerhouse both on offense and defense. Billy's parents on the sideline may have had something to do with his ferocious tackles.
A perfect game, played in a sportsmanlike manner was a grand way to end a short season. There is little doubt with a few more games for experience, G.S.D. will be ready to place on the field a team that will play the best teams in the state.
PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Physical education is a most important form of education. It is life and living. Its activities are to be engaged in because of satisfactions they offer to him who participates. To him who enters the lists of its activities there should come as by-prodUicts, health, skills, good posture endurance, strength, and the many results so frequently sought as direct ends and so rarely gained. Physical education is fundamentally an attitude, a way of living, a point of view, by chance it is a technique, a performance, a perticular skill.
From this view point physical education as a school subject has certain definite functions. It should, first, provide conditions that will give the child opportunity to indulge in vigorous physical activities that are satisfying in themselves. It should next create conditions that will help the child to develop mentally by means of ~elf expressive activities. And iinall y it should make an effort to place the child in a position that will favor its growth as a social being.
Each child must have a physical examination conducted by the school physician aided by the physical director and a chart made out noting the defects and treatmen t of those defects.
. Those children who are physClally fit are separated into groups for competitive sports. The defective children are given corrective exercises.

Games, sports, athletics and 'all forms of play are included. These activities for younger persons are persued because of the urge to do them which arise out of the nature of boys and girls. For the former there always will be a stronger urge to engage in play and games, but the present judgement may have to be recast in the future as more and more girls are given an opportunity in youth to participate in sports. These activities are for the girls who are physcially fit. For those who are defective there must be careful supervision.

One may talk about good sports-

manship, fair play, loyalty, hon-

esty, and kindred virtues, but the

pIa y field is the only place in

school that provides the situations

where the individual is under

pressure to meet the standard set

up.

--Sarah F. Ware

IT is hoped that the physical education program for the year 1939-40 will be successful. This year we have better equipment than we have had and all the pupils must take part in some form of physical activity.
The intramural program has already started. We have volleyball, horse shoe pitching, tennis, badminton, football, basketball, ping-pong, and softball. The physical directors have arranged many tournaments. All the boys and girls are very alert and aggressive, and are interested in this program.
The objects of the physical education training are to raise the moral of the groups and to arous! school spirit through the sports.
For the fall term we have volleyball, horse shoe pitching, football, badminton, and tennis. There is a football league of four teams in the intermediate group. The teams play football every other day and volley ball or horse shoe pitching alternately.
In the last week of October, there will be a horse shoe pitching tournament and tennis tournaments for singles, doubles, and

mixed doubles. Also the intermediate group will have a volley ball tournament.
A varsity football team was orga.nized this year and will play With the boys from several high schools. During the winter term there will be a big and exciting program: basketball, ping pong, lOdoor volleyball, and badminton. About eight basketball teams will be organized into a league.
Three basketball teams-Senior Varsity, Junior Varsity and Junior-will report for pr'3ctice in December. The Senior team will enter the tournament in the Southern Conference of the Schools for the Deaf at Talladega, Alabama in February.
The program for the spring term will include softball, track, horse shoe pitching, tennis, and spring football practice.
-Race Drake
A MEMORIAL TO WILLIAM
FEW
A Georgian, famous in our history, is being honored in a far away state. A marker will be dedicated in the Dutch Reformed Church Cemetery at Beacon, New York in honor of the memory of William Few. William Few, who was a gallant leader, was famous in Georgia's earlier history. Few was a member of the General Assembly, surveyor-general and commissioner to the Indians, and judge of the Second Federal Judicial Circuit. He signed the Federal Constitution for Georgia and was a member of the state convention. In his fifty-second year, Colonel Few moved to New York City to become president of the City Bank and he served in thi: General Assembly of New York State. He died at the age of fourscore years at the home of his sonin-law, Major Albert Chrystie. The Georgia Society of the Sons of the American Revolution don'ated the marker and it will be presented in the name of our staU by Colonel James D. Wastoll, who was the former president of Georgia Society. -Lona Holland.

-11-

A Book Review

Michael Lapides

A BOOK REVIEW FROM THE
STANDPOINT OF THE
DEAF CHILD
''The Psychology of Language" by Pillsbury and Meader is unique in that it treats the subject of language processes from the dual standpoint of psychology and linguistics. The first part of the book is concerned with the physiological mechanisms of speech. It deals largely with the nervous, muscular. mental, and motor processes in speech. The rest of the book dwelIs upon the effects which such mechanisms of speech have upon the listener or reader.
The purpose of this review is not so much to summarize the high points of the book as to point out certain analogies or dissimilarities. as the case may be. between the education of the hearing child and that of the deaf child. in so far as some of the points raised in the book have a bearing on them.
As speech is to the hearing child. so is writing to the deaf child. This point is clearly brought out by the cause-and-effect relationships of thought. speech, and language. What is true of writing must also apply to fingerspel ling in the case of the deaf child. For the interdependence of the muscles and the nerves in the human body is stressed throughout the book. The interrelations of the muscles and the nerves are so close that they control alI mental processes. which include language. writing, hearing. and reading. The nervous system connects the sense organs with the muscles. Muscular contraction is preceded by sensory excitation. In other words, muscle tissue functions only in relation to nervous tissue. The coordination of muscular activity and nervous activity underlie the physiological mechanisms of speech and of writing. Here the analogy between the normal child and the deaf child ends. The dissimilarity between them appears when mental growth is taken into consideration in con-

nection with nervous changes that take place during early childhood.
According to S. L. Pressey. author of "Psychology and the Education." in the case of the normal child. the rate of mental growth conforms closely to the rate of neural develpoment. For the first five years after birth. the rate of mental and neural development proceeds rather rapidly. Thereafter the rate of growth slows up yearly until the nervous system approaches its limit of development at the age of twelve. The cessation of mental growth takes place during the years of later adolescence.
During early childhood. when mer.tal growth coincides with mental development. the normal child abscrbs language through the ear. However. the average deaf child. being deprived of the sense of hearing. is handicapped in this respect. Consquently, when the normal child and the deaf child enter school at the age of five or six, the latter has already lagged behind the former from three to five years. on the average. in language comprehension. The normal child has the advantage over the deaf child in that he possesses not only the ability to comprehend language but also the ability to speak. Conversely, the deaf child is doubly handicapped by his inability to comprehend language and his inability to write. In other words. in the case of the normal child, mental growth and neulal development have been accompanied by the ability to understand spoken language and the power to speak. whereas in the case of the deaf child there has been .no ~uch parallel development. HereIn hes the fundamental dissimilarity between the normal child and the deaf child. in spite of the fact that in both cases, muscle tissue functions in relation to nervous tissue.
The statement of Pillsbury and Meader that some people have the habit of thinking in visual terms is particulary true of the deaf

child. He has to rely on the sense of sight cantin uousl y for educational purposes. Language is introduced in the classroom by means of acti.on work. Action work is pedagogically sound, as it enables the deaf child to make use of the sense of sight, educationally speaking.
The authors refer to the importance of the skill to tell the meaning of words through their context. This is where the deaf child is woefully weak. One can acquire that skill only when his range of comprehension is much greater than that of expression. Because of the absence of language background during early childhood, the deaf child's progress in reading is made correspondingly difficu.lt. In addition to reading in the classroom, he should be encouraged to do as much outside reading as possible. This problem is a challange to the "best minds" of the special field of the education of the deaf.
The laws of association in the recall of ideas and facts are stressed by the authors. Very good illustrations of such laws in the recall of language principles are found in "Logical System of Language-Teaching and an Analysis of the English Language" by Mrs. Marietta R. Vinson. Throughout that book the pupil is held responsible for the use of each language principle by tying it up with its associated vocabulary, with particlar emphasis on verbs, and the symbol sentence form. Thus. when he thinks of any particular symbol
sentence form, he recalls the verbs
associated with it, and hence the
commonly used sentences contain-
ing such verbs. Conversely, when
he recalls any given list of verbs
associated with a language prin-
ciple. he visualizes the symbol
sentence form that represents the
language principle. The laws of
association in the recall of facts
and principles hold true for both
(Continued on Paue 14 )

-12-

News From the Primary Side

MISS McDERMOTT'S CLASS Miss McDermott gave Rhunette
Falline some paper dolls October the sixteenth.
Tarver Holmes, Leru Byrd, Lester Smith, John Barnett and John Pate rode on a merry-goround October the seventeenth.
Edna Pope has some new glasses.
John Pate got a letter from his daddy October the nineteenth. His daddy sent him a dollar.
Ruth Owens went to Cedartown October the nineteenth. Dr. Watson pulled two teeth for her.
Wilda Maulden likes to feed Miss McDermott's fish.
Love Byrd and Lester Smith were sick several days recently.
Evelyn Robinson got a box from home October the twentieth.
MRS. CLARK'S CLASS Carlos Redden has 'a nickel. Philips Hester has a nickel, too.
Walter Johnson has some new socks.
F. B. Smith ate some nut~ Wednesday.
Albert Smith has a black jacket. Herbert Fuqua was sick Wednesday.
Lindbergh Armour has 'a sore thumb,
R. T. Holmes has a blue and white tie.
Mary Godwin fed Mrs, Clark's goldfish Thursday
Pauline Childers has a red ring, a red pin, and a red bracelet.
MISS CASEY'S CLASS Nell Smith has a big doll. Jane Elder has a ring. Vinton Troup has a gun. Mary Roberts has a little doll. Billy Hayes has a little book. John Harrell has a balloon. Patsy Baker has a doll. Herbert White has some money. Bud Little has a top. Duwyne Dukes has a black tie. J. W. has a car.

- MRS. IRWIN'S CLASS
Hope Ellis's father sent him some cane and some nuts Thursda y morning.
A. D. Ray's. mother sent him some new shoes, and a new jacket Friday morning.
Billy Adams got a card Thursday morning.
William Bell's mother sent him some cane and some peanuts Thursday morning.
Jewell Wilson received a letter Thursday afternoon. Her father is sick.
Thelma Hollaway received a letter Friday morning.
Charles Stocks and Jack Callaway bought some candy Monday afternoon.
Parran Youngblood and some of the boys played football Saturday morning.
MRS. WOODRUFF'S CLASS
Loraine Kicklighter went to town Friday morning. She bought some candy.
Mary Moon got a card Thursday morning. She went to town Friday morning and bought some candy.
Mary Baker went home Friday afternoon October the thirteenth. Her daddy and mother brought her back early Monday morning.
Doyle Norris went for a ride with Mrs. Woodruff Wednesday afternoon. He got some red and yellow leaves.
Bonnie Craig went to Bremen to the football game Friday night.
Homer Benson went to Mrs. Woodruff's Wednesday afternoon. He cut some sticks to make a log house.
Alton Holman went home Fri day afternoon. He stayed all night. He saw his grandfather. He came back to school Saturday afternoon.
October the twenty-fourth wil1 be Lamar Spratling's birthday. His mother sent him a pretty handkerchief Sunday morning.
Georgia Hargrove went to Mrs.

Sewell's with Mrs. Woodruff Wednesday afternoon. She saw a mother cat and three kittens. She saw a gO'at, a cow, a calf, two mules, and some hens, too.
Jack Callaway went to the carnival Monday afternoon.
MRS. CARPENTER'S CLASS Frank Tyndall helped Mrs.
Kennard one morning. She gave him a nickel.
Billie Etheridge went to the carnival one night. He won a toy horse.
John Holbrook went to Dr. !'JcCord's office Wednesday mornmg.
Dorothy Higgins is sick. We are sorry.
John Green went to the carnival one night. He rode on the swing.
Bobby Davis went for a walk Sunday afternnoon. He saw the Primary Building.
Earl Webster has a blue pencil.
MRS. CASEY'S CLASS Sue Brannan received 'a card from her mother Thursday, October the nineteenth. Her mother told her that she would send her a box for her birthday. Beth Noblitt is in the hospital. We are sorry that she is sick. Brinkley Smith went to the carnival Wednesday night, October the eighteenth. The boys went for a walk with Mr. Drake Tuesday, October the seventeenth. Clarence Highfield found some pecans and walnuts. Roscoe Singletary is making a picture frame in the shop. When he finishes it, he will give it to his mother. James Vickers is looking forward to the Hal1owe'en party. A man gave George Vaughan a nickel Monday, October the sixteenth.
Raymond Baker received a card (Continued on Page 15)

Among The Staff

Mr. J. C. Harris has been in the hospital at Philadelphia for the past several weeks. He is now ot home in Cedartown looking better than he has for some time. He visited here November 8 to see what the new buildings were like.
Mr. James Harris, Jr. and family have been transferred to Philadelphia from Baltimore.
Miss McDermott was hostess to the Bridge Club at her apartment on October 5.
Mrs. R. G. Parks was hostess to the Bridge Club on October 13.
Mr. R. G. Parks went to Atlanta October 5 to attend the Southeastern States fair.
Miss May Clark had Mrs. S. C. Gentry and Mr. and Mrs. Edwards, of Atlanta, as her guests the week of October 1.
Miss McDermott, Miss Stevens, Miss Watson, Mrs. Arnold, and her daughter Julia have a fiveroom apartment at the home of Mrs. A. J. Casey, Jr.
Mr. and Mrs. John L. Caple were dinner guests of Mr. 'and Mrs. Quinn Shipley recently.
Mrs. Carpenter's father, Mr. Evans, is seriously ill at Mrs. Carpenter's home in Kirk's Grove. Mrs. Marie Lloyd is visiting Mrs. Carpenter while her father is ill.
Mr. L. O. Evans, of Augusta, and Mrs. J. L. Mayo spent October 7 with Mrs. Carpenter.
Mrs. Kirk Owens, of Atlanta, and Mrs. Dick Owens, of Kentucky, spent the afternoon and night of the eleventh with Mrs. Fred Forbes.
Miss Dorothy Stevens attended a District Home Economics meeting in Rome on October 2 and 3.
Miss Katherine Casey attended the Southeastern States fair October 1.
Wright Hollingsworth has been ill in the school hospital for several weeks.
The Faculty Club held its monthly meeting on October 10. Major W. H. Patten, of Rome, was guest speaker. Mrs. Fred Forbes of the faculty read a paper.

W. O. CONNOR OUTSTAND-
ING IN DEAF WORK
New Mexico's School for the Dea!, located in Santa Fe. is not only one of the state's most useful institutions, but is widely recognized as one of the foremost of its kind in
the United States. One of the principal reasons is that it has had one directing head for the past 33 years.
When Wesley O. "Pops" Connor
came to Santa Fe to accept the post of superintendent in July of 1906, the institution consisted of one red brick building, and an enrollment of eight. The original building has disappeared, replaced
by a group of nine buildings, all in the Santa Fe architecture and form-
ing as beautiful, modern and complete a plant as can be found in America. The campus of 20 acres, with its magnificient shade and fruit trees, green lawns, shrubs, and flowers, is one of the beauty SpOts
of the west. Enrollment is now nearly 150 an-
nually. Graduates are equipped to
take their place as full-fledged citizens, competent to earn a good living and to rear families.
Wesley Connor was born and
reared with the deaf. His father, for whom he was named. was superintendent of the Georgia School for the Deaf at Cave Spring for 50
years. He received his masters degree at Gallaudet College, Washington, D. C., and Georgia Tech, Atlanta, where he played football
Wlith the late Maj. Gen. Leonard
Wood. Mr. Connor retains his keen in-
terest in all forms of athletics. For
many years the basketball team of his school has been one of the best in the state. Mr. Connor has actively supported everything tending to improve Santa Fe and his faithful
services in fraternal orders have brought the reward of high rank.
He is a past exalted ruler of the Santa Fe lodge of B.P.O.E., and
a Mason of both York and Scottish Rites. In the York Rite he is a past grand commander of the Grand
Commandery of New Mexico, while in the Scottish Rite he is an inspector general, honorary, of the
33rd degree. He has also plodded across the burning sands of the Mystic Shrine.
Wesley Connor has built a great institution through close application to business and his great love and sympathetic understanding of youngsters. And through his years
of patient, constructive work on behalf of handicapped children, he
has become one of New Mexico's legendary characters.
The above extracts from a tri-

Katherine Watson
bute paid by a New Mexico paper to Wesley Connor was a sourCl of much gratification to his many friends here.
Mr. Connor is a son of W. O. Connor who was for fifty years superintendent of the Georgia School for the Deaf. He was reared in this school and we heartily agree with the Santa Fe New Mexican that he has worked long and faithfully and deserves all the honors he has won. Indeed we wi!1 add an extra tribute by saying, ' 'Wesley Connor is a real chip off the old block."
-R. G. Parks
HILLIS HOLLINGSWORTH
IS NEW MEMBER ALPHA
PSI OMEGA
Hillis Hollingsworth was initiated into the local Zeta Pi cast of Alpha Psi Omega, national dramatic fraternity last week.
Hollingsworth began his career in dramatics in Emanuel County Junior High School and continued through his senior year at Darlington School for boys in Rome.
Since entering Mercer last year, Hollingsworth has taken an active part in dramatics, participating in three one-'act plays and being stage manager in The Iron Collar. He will be remembered as the "bashful country boy" in the Fork-Hand Road, as the prospective- bride groom in The Mail Order Bride, and as the Alabama farmer in' Urban Drift. In the Wesleyan production of Ice Bound, Hollingsworth played the part of Jim Jay, sheriff. -The Mercer Cluster
A BOOK RENIEW
(Continued from Page 12)
the normal child and the deaf child.
Those who wish to gain a better understanding of the psychological aspects of language would do well to read Pillsbury and Meader's book because of its thorough treatment of the subject from the standpoint of psychology and linguistics.
-The California News

-1~-

THE SCHOOL HELPER

\
Novemtier, 1939

THAT TRIP TO BERKELEY
(Continued from Page 9)
able. Bill had met Douglas Fc:irbanks, Jr. on board a steamer retu.rning from Europe one time. We were sure we "had something there." Hillis had a friend who was a friend of the southern accen t technical advisor in the studios of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer making "Gone With The Wind." This seemed to be a good bet, tOQ. Wright was philosophically noncommittal regarding our plans. The writer thought he had some accf. up his own sleeve as a referve. Principal Parks, better acqu.ainted with Hollywood, had a "Fools rush in where angels fear to tread," attitude about the whole matter.
Hillis induced us to let him have a first trial at seeing some pictures being made. We all stood aside and saw his self assured manner and glib tongue win his way through the first barrier. Our only reward from this effort was the movie we made of him disconsolately returning down the walk with a sheepish grin in his face. It developed that he did succeed to the extent that he had actually talked over 'an inside 'phone to this lady who we hoped would wave the magic wand, dispelling all barriers between us and the glory of the thing we sought. But, nothing doing, "all visiting on the lot absolutely prohibited," etc. It came our turn. What luck! At another studio we found the outside gatekeeper to be an ex-big-Ieague baseball player and an ex-m'anager of the Southern League Nashville Vols. He was well acquainted with Atlanta and had a soft Irish spot in his heart for all Georgians. H~ re'adily joined us in a conspiracy.
On purported direction of our state Board Chairman, who is a chain theater owner, we were admitted through several portals to the publicity directors inner sanctuary. Not being satisfied with the little mare than ordinary tourist privilege offered, we pulled another 'ace out of the hole. We avowed a personal and close ac-

quaintanceship with the big director at that time working in this studio.
We had become very emboldened with success and our good fortune continued. We were ushered right on to this director's studio office. Here, confronted by a cool. calculating, and we suspect, efficient secretary, our ego took a nose dive-a real barrier at last. We wound up by meekly asking permission to leave our card. On this card the night before, under more favorable circumstances, we had penned a short message recalling our acquaintanceship, when the one addressed was playing on Jccation in Cave Spring back in 1915. Prepared for all eventualities "that was us." Strategy won again as a 'phone message came through the next morning inviting us to return to the studio that afternoon. We went. This same secretary said, "I am directed to take you down to the set.. " We all eagerly started to follow when a curt "Not you," was directed to the rest of the p'arty, "You will have to wait here." Flabbergasted, disappointed, pleading, but to no avail. Finally one of the bravest of the quartet weakly whispered, "You go ahead."
On the set, this Hollywood director, an actor still, professed to remember us perfectly. He actu'ally did recall something of Cave Spring and his experiences there. On the first "What can I do for your pleasure ?"-despite his secretary's previous warning-we quickly begged, "Let the rest of our party come in." It was no sooner said than done.
When our readers enjoy "Hollywood Cavalcade" starring Don Ameche and Alice Faye, you might remember that we saw some of those enchanting "closeups" in the making-and we are willing to swear Director Irwin Cummings is our friend.
That there was a little happening occasioned by our presence, that for a moment destroyed the professional tempo of a movie studio in action, is of little moment, and except for its human

interest, perhaps should not be mentioned here. During a deathlike quiet, while dramatic dialogue was being recQ!ded on the stage, Miss Faye, smilingly poised on tiptoes, stood right near our seats.
Me. Parks, discovering the close
presence of this lovely actress, drew the attention of everyone and bellowed commands of "QUIET! QUIET!" from the director, as he (Mr. Parks), with much scraping and bowing, was insisting that she have his seat. It mattered not that expensive film was lost and a scene reshot, for youth must have its way.
(Continued in a later issue.)
Editor's note:
It can be proven by all present that it was Mr. Hollingsworth's 'gallantry and youthful exhuberance that caused the confusion.
NEWS FROM THE PRIMARY SIDE
(Continued from Page 13) from his father Friday, October the twentieth.
MISS WATSON'S CLASS James Galloway made a small box October the seventeenth. Mr. White gave him some leather for hinges. He put some of his things into the box.
Vera Reeder went to the carnival October the eighteenth. She saw a greyhound. She rode on the swings, too.
Elaine Pannal played with some of the girls October the nineteenth. They played tag. Elaine hit Ruth and ran.
Jackie Hallman received a box October the nineteenth.
J ames Sharpton and Hulet Hawkins went for a walk October the nineteenth. They found some walnuts, some hickory nuts, and some some pecans.
Virginia Giles 'and MattiE O'Dell played hide and seek October the nineteenth.
Olin Patten played football October the nineteenth. He likes to play football.

-'15-

THE-SCHOOL HELPER

November, 1939

THE TRANSITION (Continued From Page 5) account of the small boys going to the new primary unit. At a later date this too will be modernized. The third floor will be removed from Fannin Hall and it will be made more useable and
safer.
Contracts have been let and work is progressing on a new water, drainage and sewage system for the entire plant, to be in operation early in tbe school year. A higher water tank will be needed due to the location of the primary unit. An arrangement has been made with the city of Cave Spring to secure water from the spring located in the cave.
Last February a farm was bought located about one and onehalf miles from the present school property. This will furnish partially the needs of the dining rooms, serve as a laboratory for instruction in vocational agricultum, and on it is the site for the new colored school for the deaf. This is what has been known locally as the "Perry Farm." It contains four hundred and fifty acres including one bundred and forty in cultivation, forty-two in pasture and the remainder in mountainous woodland. The pasture will rank with the best in tbis section of the state when improved. About one-half of the crop la'nd is excellent, the remainder ranging from fair to badly eroded. Borders between woodland and cultivated fields will be made into 'wildlife areas. Two lakes well stocked with fish are located on the farm.
The colored unit of the school is still in session and will continue tbroughout'the school year. No repairs are being made on tbe old buildings they now occupy. They will have by the fall of 1940 a new plant located on the Perry farm. Contracts have already been let and work has started on a dormitory and classroom building for their use.
In addition to the buildings now under construction, the following improvements are to be made ac-

cording to the report of the Georgia Department of Public of Pub'" lie Welfare dated June 30, 1939:

PWA Work Approved

but not all under

Construction

$199,192.00

Water and Sanitary Sewers

24,392.00

Oustide Electrical Work

9,800.00

Remodeling Boiler Plant and Steam Distribution 36,200.00

Remodeling administration

Building

27,000.00

Remodeling Boys Doritory into School
Remodeling School into Boys Dormitory
Remodeling Kitchen and Dining Room

16,300.00 20,200.00 13,100.00

Kitchen Equipment

3,600.00

Repairs to Perry Farm

and New School Build-

ing.

48,600.00

(Editor's note.-This sum is to be used to build the new Colored
School for the Deaf.)

Most of these items are now in the process of construction.

When these plans have been executed, Georgia will have a physical plant that will adequately care for the deaf pupils of the state. Plans are being made on a conservative basis as shown by the following table indicating that the Georgia plant will then only approach tbe schools for the deaf in otber states.

Present value of build-

ings Georgia School for

the Deaf

$100,000.00

Value after present build-

ing program is com--

pleted

732,000.00

Average value of buildings

in schools for the deaf

in five adjoining

states

842,268.00

Friends over the state join with the alumni, patrons, and pupils in gratitude to those responsible for for these great improvements. Figures themselves have little meaning, but when translated into terms of greater safety, healthful environment, greater comfort, and better educational facilities for training boys and girls., they instantly become fraught witb significance to all those interested in the education of the deaf in Georgia.

-16-

MY POINT OF VIEW ON

THE WAR

The war in Europe is stirring

up many subjects all over the

world. It has stirred up an im-

portant one among us Americans

here in the United States. It is

about the Neutrality Law. Con-

gress thinks that, if we sell arms,

ammunition, and supplies to war-

ring nations, it will pull us into

the war. The President hit up-

on a plan called the "Cash and

Carry Plan." This plan would

be a safe one for the United States,

I think. Other nations would

take all the risk by coming here

in their own ships and paying

cash for what they get. I want

France and England to win the

war, and I don't think that Ger-

many would have much chance of

buying from us because France and

England control the seas.

The "Cash and Carry Plan"

would be a means by which the

United States could regain some

of its World War debts, too. But

I think the government should put

a heavy tax on the big privately

owned factories that manufactule

war materials and sell them to th~

warring nations.

I don't want the United States

to enter the war, but I don't see

why it should stand idle and not

help its friends in time of need

when it would not lose, but profit

by it.

-Bill Powell

WE BECOME CITIZENS The pupils at G. S. D., who are twenty-one or over, were taken to Rome Thursday evening, October 12, to receive their citizenship papers from the American Legion Post at the Legion Hall. Each candidate for citizenship papers swore to do his best to be of service to the United States. A long address was given about the government and how laws are made. After the address a lady from the hearing group spoke in behalf of the heating group; and Tommy Ham, your reporter, spoke in behalf of the pupils from this school. Then they received their citizenship papers and the meeting was adjourned.
Tommy Hamm

ADMINISTRATION

E. D. Rivers

Governor

State Board of Public Welfare

Braswell Deen

Director

Dr. C. J. Welborn,Director, Div.of Institutions

In cooperation with

Floyd Count)' Board oJ EducatioD

J. Scott Davis A. N. Swain

Chairman County Sup't of Schools

Adminiatration

C. H. Hollingsworth, M. A Superintendent

J. C. Harris, M. A.

Su.p't Emeritlll

Rebecca J. Spencer

Secretary

Clifford W. Culbertson .......... Steward

OFFICERS AND TEACHERS

Academic

Roy G. Parks, M. A

Principal

Marie Kennard,B.S. Supervisor,Primary Dept.

Gladys E. Carpenter Juliet McDermott

Katherine Casey na Sewell, A. B.

Pauline N. Casey Charlotte Reynolds. B.S.

Gladys B. Clark Edythe D. Montgomery

Ruth Forbes

Margaret Paris

Nell A. Gibbons Olaf Tollefson, B. A.

Russell Irwin

Allie S. Woodruff

Jessie F. Jones

Katherine Watson

Harriet C. Stevens, A. B., Librarian

Vocatioaal

John L. Caple .................. Principal

A. May Clark Dorothy Stephens, E.S.H.E.

Barton Clark, B. A.

J. R. Ware

William McCanless

Cecil White

Annie McDaniel H. E. Woodruff, B.S.A.

Pbyaical Education

Sarah F. Ware

Director of Girls

Race Drake, B. A

Director of Bo)'1l

Medical

J. C. Connor, M. D General Practitioner

W. S. Watson, D. D. S

Dentist

Ralph McCord, M. D. .

Otologist

Lillie Mae Wood,R. N. .

Nune

Houaehold

Leila H. Barnett

Matron of Dormitories

Annie D. Dickerson Director of Laundry

Olaf Tollefson, B. A

Dean of Boys

Race Drake, B. A

Head Supervisor

Connor Dillard

Supervisor

Everett Ryle

Barber and Janitor

Luella Brown

Supervisor of Small Boys

Effie Wood

Supervisor

Elise Sawyer

Supervisor

Lorene Drake

Supervisor

Gena Gesslin

Supervisor

Ruby D. Perry

Dining-room Matron

J. A. Elrod

Night Watchman

MaiDteD_C. John L Caple ............... Engineer

C. H. Chapman

Mechanic

Capers Baxter.................Fireman

Calvin Holman ........... Fireman

D. S. Peck .................. Plumber

H. E. Woodruff

Farm Manager

Walter Wade

Yardman

William Stewart

Farmer

Harvey Wilson ................ Dairyman

J. F. Morgan

Carpenter

School for the Colored

J. D. Rice

Principal Bertie London ............... Seamstr811

Estelle G. Rice

Teacher E. Willard Rice.................. Matron

Wilhelmina Betton.............. Teacher James E. Swanson

Boys' Supervisor

Annie Mae Bostic............... Teacher Cynthia Strange ......... Girla' Superviaor

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PUBLl HED AT THE

GE. ORGIA

SCHOOL \

FOR

THE DEAF, CA

SPRI G, GEQRGIA

DECEMB R, 1940
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-----------
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THE
Volume 41

SCHOOL HELPER

Cave Spring, Georgia, December, 1940

No.3

OUR EAGLE SCOUTS

I T IS WITH PRIDE that we make mention in this issue of a very great honor and distinction that has been bestowed upon two of our boys. Laroy Garner and Byron Avant have recently become Eagle Scouts which is one of the highest ranks in scouting. This is an honor that is attained by only a few hearing boys so we feel justly proud that two of our deaf boys have been able to make the grade.
Both Byron and Laroy joined the Boy Scouts in 1934 and have been faithful and loyal Scouts ail through the years. Most of their training was under Scoutmaster Bill McCanless, who is one of the highest ranking Scouts in the country. Since Mr. McCanless has been unable to return to his work, Mr. Race Drake has been carrying on for him.

Laroy Garner
Laroy became an Eagle Scout in Septem ber, I 940, being the first deaf Boy Scout in Georgia to receive that honor. He has 25 merit badge~ to his credit. Byron, with 21 merit badges, follows as a close second, having became an Eagle Scout in November.

Byron Avant
We are all very proud of these splendid boys. They have worked hard and faithfully fo'r this honor that has come to them and they richly deserve our confidence 'and praise. We know that they will continue to be brave and loyal Scouts and will develop into splendid citizens of our state.

William J. McCanless

WILLIAM l McCANLESS

M R. MCCA LESS, our Scoutmaster for the past eight years, has been large! y responsible for building our fine Scout Troop. His great love of Scout work and deep in terest in boys has kept the troop alive and active and always planning for the future. Mr. Mc Can less has not been able to be with us for more that a year. A severe illness has kept him confined to his bed most of the time

but he has not given up his Scout work. From his bed he writes page after page to his boys, the troop committee, and Mr. Drake who has taken over in his 'absence, keeping everyone on his toes to keep up to the standard. We are proud of our Eagle Scouts. We are also proud of a leadership like Mr. McCanless'. We miss him and hope that he will be able to return to us soon.

-(1)-

Citizenship

by Marie Kennard

AT THIS TIME when everyone is interested in the problem of national defense, we are asking curselves the question, "What can we do to help our country?" As teachers of the deaf I think we can do our bit by training our children to love and respect our flag and to become good citizens.
There are two factors which will bring good results, first, the atmosphere of the classroom, and second, the personality of the teacher. Fresh air, comfortable temperature, orderliness, and a classroom made attractive by bright pictures and blackboard decorations m;~ke a good working background. Children naturally like order, and it is useless to expect them to concentrate on what is being done in disorderly surroundings.
Most of the mental attitudes of the deaf child come as a result of the manner in which he has been trained at home. He has received either too much attention or has been neglected. It is hard to overestimate the importance of the teacher's influence in trying to improve the child's mental hygiene. The most important part is her personality. Children are born imitators, and a child's conduct is usuall y his reaction to ?is. en~ironment. He is naturally Imitative and takes on the habits and mannerisms of his teacher.
We teachers must realize that a child's good qualities as well as his les desirable ones are acquired from the human environment in which he lives. The foundations for these are laid in early childhood. This attitude toward life is determined by the moral background of his early life. Our children come to us with many mental and emotional attitudes already fixed. If these habits are not good, we must immediately begin making an effort to change them. The older the child is the more difficult it is to change these

attitudes. When a child enters school. we must first endeavor to stress the attitudes of good citizenship. It is necessary to help each child adjust himself to his new surroundings. We must give him a sense of security in his school life. He must feel that he is in the hands of friends who will deal fairly and kindly with him and take the place of his mother and father.
A child must like his teacher if he is to learn. We know that the suppressed child is not in a learning attitude, neither is the child who is weeping. The teacher must be tactful rather than stern, thus the child will be good because he is interested. It is possible for the teacher to plan constructive ways in which to keep the small child busy. This brings about dependence on self rather than on those about him. It will also keep him in good spirits and at peace with his classmates. It is interesting to see how a child who has been robbed of all opportunity to develop self-reliance. will change outwardly in a comparatively short time after entering school.
In addition to physical independence, the child must gain independence in his mental action. We, who are dealing with young children, must remember that they are at the habit-forming age and that their reactions now will make impressions which will influence their social attitudes during their entire lives. Most important is an open mind and a willingness to abide by the judgment and experience of older people. Cooperation puts the child into a receptive mood whereby he can absorb knowledge pleasantly and easily. Disobedience is the root of a great many evils. It is essential to insist upon absolute obedience at all times, for if a child learns to obey in the ordinary things it will be easy and natural for him to conform to rules and regulations in the bigger things.

A child's naturalness is a very charming thing, and we should try in every way to prevent his becoming self-conscious. An inborn sense of humor is a valuable endowment, and it is interesting to see it ;lppear in little deaf children.
There is nothing we might give the child that would prove of areater benefit all through his life than a sense of poise and self-control. He must learn to accept the world as it is, make the best of it or better it if possible, and adapt himself to it.
Consideration of others and thz ability to cooperate in work and play are very desirable social 'attitudes to be developed, Every child wants to be popular, to be loved, welcomed, and admired, and it is the teacher's responsibility to help him attain this desire. We must show them that liking people and giving them first place, and being modest and unassuming rather than loud and demanding will win friends. We must bring them to see that living happily with other children and with the teacher is a thing worth working for.
The habit of entering into all experiences free Iy and joyously is to be cultivated, Probably the most important factor in helping a child look forward with pleasant anticipation to each new day is to do much encouraging and very little discouraging. If we can instill a sense of joy in accomplishing 'a task, he will soon learn the satisfaction of completing an exercise and of doing it properly with no other rewarding stimulus. We know that satisfaction comes not from without but from within. He will become interested in undertaking ~imilar forn:s of play voluntanly and that IS the beginning of constructive thought and growth.
The function of the school IS to control the environment so as
(Continued on Page 10)

-(2)-

Reading in the Primary Department

This mont~ every teacher in the Pri.mary Departme~t has contributed to the School Helper. We are finding our readl!1g program most mteres~mg and ~ould hke for the p~~ents and others in the profession to know somethmg of what we are domg.-Mane Kennard, Supervlsmg Teacher, Primary Department.

T HE BABIES have enjoyed two unrelated projects this month which have been worked out together, one was possessives and the other geography.
The children were encouraged to bring some of their own possessions to the classroom. They responded so well and brought so many objects that some mornings looked like "moving day." These objects were labeled; as, Jimmie's knife, Gene's marbles, J uanice's purse. Has statements were written on the blackboard, and the possessions illu.strated and colored so as to resemble the objects as nearly as possible. Jimmie has a knife. Gene has some marbles. J uanice has a purse.
Some of the children did not have anything to bring to the classroom so we saved our money for a week and went to Rome. We had a wonderful time shopping at the toy counters and just as much fun making an experience chart of the trip and the things each child had bought.
Then all of the children had something to bring to the classroom and write about on the has board.
We had begun geography in the way described by Mrs. Arnold last month, and each child knew the location of his home on the outline map. After the trip to Rome, we located Rome on a road map and added it to our map. We traced the route from Cave Spring to Rome with a red pencil and drew a little car on it going in that direction.
When I point to the printed card We went to Rome ouemher 18, the children point it out on the map and on the calendar and incidentally, get in a little trilling of the lips playing car.
We SOon added other towns to our map. Mrs. Kennard went to

Atlanta on the train November 19. This time we drew a little train on our map. Miss Casey went to Columbus. Harold went home Thanksgiving.
The children are busy now thinking up another trip. They
want things that we cannot get in town, and I think that we shall be forced to go to Cedartown soon.
-Katharine Casey.
During the first two periods in school we have had either three or four new nouns in reading and speech reading each week making a total thus far of about thirtyfive nouns. This daily routine of reading and speech reading of these nou.ns had become very tiresome and uninteresting to the children.
Sometime ago Marie Curtis of the Louisiana School described in the Convention Bulletin a method of making a game of these exercises. We decided to adapt Miss Curtis' plan to meet our own needs, and for several weeks we have truly turned our work into play. Heavy sheets of white construction paper were used and each sheet was divided into sixteen spaces 2 inches by 2}/z inches with a common margin. We then used the first sixteen nouns we had had in speech reading One noun was printed in each space, and no two sheets had identical arrangements. Various colored beads or cubes were used for markers, and each child was al!owed to select his own color.
Our first game was merely a matching exercise. As a printed word was held up, each child found the word on his card and placed a bead in that space. The first child to complete a line, either vertically, horizontally, or diagonally, held up his hand and was the winner of the game.
We played one game using the printed form of the words as the

children matched the words very quickly. The game was played several times using the pictures. As I held up a picture each child placed a bead on the corresponding
printed word. The winner was awarded a small prize.
The last time we played the game we used speech reading, and each child placed a bead on the printed word as the word was
spoken. The children thoroughly enjoyed every step, and they are always glad when the time comes for us to "play our game."
-Allie S. Woodruff.

My class is beginning simple sentence structure and paragraphing by using the animals that can say things. A bird, a chicken, a hen, a rooster, a turkey, and a duck are used, too.

Each noun is first taken up in

reading and speech reading and

labeled in the Plymouth chart; as,

(picture) a cow, (picture) a dog.

After the children's reading and

speech reading vocabulary contains

about six nouns in the above

classifications, we begin making

statemen ts using This is.

.

I place in the Plymouth chart a card on which is printed This is followed by the picture of a noun and that by a period card in order to show that the statement is not complete until the period is in its place ; as, This is (picture). The child selects the cdrresponding printed statement (This is a cow.) and places it under the above. The exercise IS

This is (picture of a cow). This is a cow.

After each noun is used, we are

then ready to go to the next step

which is taken up in this way. The

printed This is

.' statements,

the A . . says. cards, and the

cards on which are printed what

each animal says are grouped

(Continued on Page 8)

-(3)-

Reading

.
In

the

Intermediate

Department

by Margaret Paris

T HERE ARE five classes in the Intermediate Department:
Classes A. B. C. D. and E. This
is a general outline of the work we are now doing in these classes.
First I would like to list the reading skills and abilities to be developed in each class.
Classes A and B.
1. To increase the child's ability to read at sight with proper ease, speed and comprehension.
2. To answer questions that call for judgment.
3. To read for central thought and noting details.
4. To attack new words by knowledge of prefixes and suffixes.
5. To use effectively the table of contents, word lists, illustrations and chapter headings.
6. To select aim or purpose of passage.
7. To know simple expressions.
Classes C and D
1. To develop ability to look for thought in all reading.
2. To develop ability to get thought from printed page.
3. Ability to memorize. 4. Ability to master new words. 5. Ability to read with proper speed. 6. To understand simple expressions. 7. Ability to follow directions. 8. Ability to comprehend stories.
Class E
1. To develop ability to follow simple printed directions.
2. To associate specific rhymes or sentences as wholes with appropriate illustrations.
3. To develop ability to read and look for thought in simple paragraphs and stories.
In developing the vocabulary each new word introduced is kept on file. and the number of repetitions checked on a special chart.
For repetition of words thi? following methods are used:
1. Pictured word sheets. 2. Matching lists of new words with
words that have the same meaning and that the children know. 3. Matching words of the same meaning. 4. Matching words of opposite meaning. 5. Yes or No statements. 6. True or False statements. 7. Multiple choice statements.

8. Filling in blanks with correct word.
9. Learning prefixes and suffixes.
Class A is now working on the
Unit Transporation.

Class B. is making a trip around the world with stories. Their Unit Plan is "Travel."

Class C. is reading "Stories Everyone know," and stories for entertainment "and are developing a large vocabulary.

Classes D and E are reading simple stories for developing an interest in and a desire for reading. Vocabulary building and comprehension of the whole are stressed in this reading.

The following is a simple outline of the Unit Plan for Class A.

Subject for research: Transportation.

1. a. Land Transportation. b. Water Transportation. c. Air Transportation.

II. How Early Men Traveled

a. walking b. carrying things
head, in arms c. dragging loads
ground d. first pack c. the drag f. skids g. litter

on back, along the

III. Learning to use animals
a. fear of animals b. dog, first animal friend c. camel d. burro e. llama f. elephant g. Eskimo dogs h. ox i. horse
IV. Wheels and resulting benefits.
a. log b. slices of log, hole in center,
axle through it. c. cart
1. harness 2. yoke d. roads
V. Two-wheeled Vehicle
a. chariot b. jinrikishas c. carts d. bicycle

VI. Four-wheeled Vehicles
a. wagon b. coach c. stagecoach d. covered wagon c. buggy
VII. Steam-Its use and benefits resulting.
a. locomotive b. trains, joining of East and
West c. streamline train d. freight train
VIII. Travel in Cities
a. horsecars b. cablecars c. streetcars (Invention of
electricity) d. trolley busses e. elevated trains e. subway trains g. elevators h. electric locomotives i. double deck busses
IX. Gasoline Engine
a. horseless carriage b. automobiles c. airplanes d. airships e. motorcycles f. boats g. busses h. trucks i. tractors
X. a. Roadways b. tunnels c. bridges
XI. Water Transportation
1. Water Transportation before the sail was invented.
a. wade b. swim c. logs d. raft and pole e. dugouts f. gufas, round basket boats g. skin boats h. birch bark canoes, paddles
used i. kayak j. rowboat
XII. Sails invented
a. sailboats (1) skin (2) grass (3) reeds (4) mast used
b. galleys c. viking ships
(1) steered by wide oars at back
d. larger ships (1) steered by rudders
e. packet ship f. clipper ship

- (.. ) -

THE SCHOOL HELPER

J)ecember, 1940
~

XIII. Steam Power
a. teamboat b. steamships
1. made of iron 2. paddle wheel 3. sails and screw propeller c. ferries d. ocean liner e. barges f. battleship f. freight boats h. tugs i. junks j. gondolas
XIV. Canals
XV. Light Houses
1. buoys
XVI. Traveling by Air
a. balloon b. airship 01' dirigible c. zeppelin d. airplanes e. transportation planes f. seaplanes
XVII. Time to be spent on unitSix weeks.
XVIII. Inventors of vehicles
XIX. People who lived and used
the vehicles
XX. Material to be learned
a. Term and expressions used in connection with each ubject.
b. How different people have traveled
c. comparison of the new method with the old.
XXI. Tracing some article exported from a foreign country until it arrives in our hands.
XXII. Materials to be used
a. all related materials in textbooks.
b. maps and chart . c. pictures and murals. d. available l'esearch books.
XXIII. Books and stories to be used:
a. Basic textbook-Story Pictures of Transportation by
John Y. Beaty
b. Friendly Hour, Book 4 pages 181-194
" 195-207
270-280 292-302
" 67- 73
c. Facts and Fancies, Book 4 pages 154-161
" 181-189
d. Child-Story Book 4 pages 116-203
e. Happy Hour Reader, Book 4 pages 1-41

Unit Plan for Class B.
Subject for research: Travel
Simple outline of Unit: I. List alI countries to be visited
II. Transportation to the different countries, and while in the different countries
III. Time to be spent In each country
IV. Interesting sights to be seen.
a. homes b. surrounding country c. natives
d. methods of travel e. monuments f. parks g. animals h. rivers, cities, mountain i. museums and building
V. Material to be learned
a. customs of natives b. dress c. festivals d. prominent features of races e. physical geography of coun-
try f. food g. lights h. transportation i. animals j. plants and trees k. minerals 1. weather m. occupation
VI. Materials to be used
a. maps b. all related material in textc. research books d. murals and picture
VII. Tests to be given
a. checks on skills and abilities b. test from time to time
VIII. Books and Stories available:
a. Trail, of Adventure (4) pages 55 Washington D. C. page 37-42 Visiting a Planetarium page- 43-54 Mammoth Cave 67-73 Oil Fields 75-83 A City 83-101 Cotton fields and mills pages 102-113 Sheep Ranch and Woolen Mills pages 181-194 Traveling in car
b. Friends About Us pages 147-162 Train trip pages 167-172 Ocean Liner pages 173-176 Airport and Trip pages 225-243 Alaska

c. Work Play, .,'Ird reader. pages 145-162 China pages 163-182 Holland pages 197-128 London pages 183-196 South America
d. Wide 'Windows, Book 4 pages 167-171 Holland pages 205-213 Holland pages 214-222, 172-180
China pages 181-182 Mexico pages 64-72 Mexico pages 73-80 Switzerland pages 55-63 Bagdad pages 81-89 Lapland pages 98-105 Sweden pages 109-116 Travel
e. Facts and Fancies, Book 4 pages 107-121 The desert pages 103-106 France pages 123-127 Czechoslova-
kia pages 40-49 Switzerland

Class C. D, and E
Vocabulary building, comprehension of the whole and following printed directions are stressed in these classes.

Textbooks used are, for class C:
a. Happy Hour Reader, Book 2 b. Faraway Ports, Book 3 c. Work-Play, Book 2 d. Through the Green Gate,
Book 2

Class 0 Textbooks:
a. Friendly Hour, Book 2 b. Wheels and Wings, Book 2 e. Alice and Jerry, Book 2 d. ew Friends, Book 2 e. Alice and Jerry, Book 2

Class E.

Following printed directions.

Work sheets are made for these:

I. Color Sheets, for discrimination

II. Put X or draw a cross

.

1. over

2. under

3. beside

4. in front of

5. after

6. before

7. on

8. by

III. Draw a circle around

.

Draw a line

.

Draw a ring around

.

FilI in the blanks or dashes _ Work on comprehension of a paragraph or a whole is done by
(Continued on Page 10)

-(5)-

THE SCHOOL HELPER

December, 1940

THE SCHOOL HELPER

All communication" should be addressed to the School

Helper, Cave Spring, Georgia.

.'

Published monthly during the school year In the prmt-

ing Department of the Georgia School fo~' the Deaf:

Entered at the Post office at Cave Sprmg, Georgia, as second class matter November, 1899. ~cce~tance ~or

mailing at special rate of postage provlded m SectIOn

1103. Act of October 3, 1917. Autborized October

school, I wish to assure you the best of care for your children; Christmas parties, Santa Claus, presents, and as happy and homelike an atmosphere as loving and attentive teachers and supervisors can provide are being arranged.
Here's wishing all you parents and your children a very happy and healthful Christmas Season.
C. H. HOLL! GSWORTH,

31, 1918.

.h .

Subscription price is fifty cents for elg t lSsues.

C. H. HOLL! GSWORTH JOHN L. CAPLE__ NELL A. GIBBO S. . .
MARIE KE NARD . . .
BARTON CLARK

. . . Editor ex-officio . . . . Editor
. . .Assistant Editor . . .Associate Editor . . Printing Instructor

Vol. 41

December, 1940

No. 3

HOLIDAY NOTICE
CHRISTMAS HOLIDAYS begin December 21. Parents coming after their children may get them
after noon Friday, December 20. The regular transportation facilities which must be
accepted by all children, whose parents do not call for them, or who have other approved travel arrangements will be on a train arriving in Atlanta a?out 10: 00 A. M. Saturday, December 21. Supervisors -nd attendants will accompany this group and see ;hat all are properly distributed from this point.
The return trip to school will be made Monday, December 30. Attendants will again meet all the children in Atlanta. They must have a ticket through to Rome and 25 cents for ?us fa.re on. to Cave Spring. Please do not let your child miss this return
schedule. Many of you are looking forward to a happy re-
union with your boy or girl during the Christmas holidays. Other parents because of shortness of the vacation period, distance to travel etc., will leave their children here at the school for the holidays. In either event, let us make the most of the opportunity and responsibility that is ours.
You who are sending for your children to come home by train or bus see that they have the proper fare and that all directions furnished you are explicity followed. Have them properly clothed for the journey and during the time that they are home exercise all necessary precautions in that colds, over-eating and exposure to contagious diseases are carefully guarded against. Remember that any exposure that your child is subjected to not only endangers your child but all the group who return to school. If you

T o WHAT DEGREE of success can the deaf child be taught to read has been one of the big questions
that has faced the profession for a number of years.
Several studies have been undertaken to determine
the extent that the deaf child can be taught to read . Dr. Helen Thompson comes to the conclusion, "That in one hour a day, much less time than is
given to reading in most schools, deaf-mutes of an
average age of six years and ten months can achieve
in one year of beginning reading five-sixths of the
achievement of a normal hearing class in one year of beginning reading." ("Experimental Study of beginning'rea'ding of Deaf-Mutes,Page 66.) The
writer obtained practically the same results in a study
conducted at the California School for the Deaf in 1937. Other studies have shown the same results.
Using the same methods and principles as used in the experiments, the reading program of the Geor-
gia School for the Deaf was started. It was found
that skills of reading were present just as skills in arithmetic. There are five main groups of skills: (I) Comprehension which involves six separate and distinct skills: (2) Retention which involves three definite skills: (3) Interpretation and Application i~volving thirteen different skills; (4) OrganizatIOn composed of seven separate and distinct skills; (5) Research having fourteen sub-divisions. The
skills have been placed in the particular year of their development and drill work given just as one would ~ive drill on multiplication, division, addition or other arithmetic processes. This has called for special work sheets to develop the concepts that the deaf child lac.ks thr~)Ugh the loss of hearing. For instance; the heanng chIld learns to recognize the printed form of "desk". He immediately associates it with the wor~ tha~ he has heard his mother call the piece of furmture m the home; the teacher has called the piece of furniture in the classroom, etc. The deaf child mu~t be taught all the concepts the hearing child has received through the ear. Naturally this calls for a great deal of extra planning and work on the part of the teacher.

could witness the little epidemic of sickness which usually follows the Christmas vacation period, you would know what I am talking about. Often it is nothing more than bad colds, but even that is something to vigilantly guard against. There is much
damage incurred even with an epidemic of common colds.
To you who will leave your boys and girls '~t

I would like to call your atten tion to the remarks made by the primary teachers in the last issue of the !:"IELPER and the remarks made by Miss Paris in this I.ssue of th~ HELPER. <?ne may see that the principles Ju~t mentlO~ed are bemg followed and the reading sktlls. are bemg developed and the boys and girls are learnmg to read and not like Topsy-"Just growed".
-Roy G. Parks

-(6)-

Superintendent's Corner

B Defense
Training

ETTER provision for the self-suf-

ficiency of our

nation through civilian prepared-

ness programs fairly well depicts

educational (rends in the United

States. That a recent Federal

grant to Georgia of $490.000.00

for "Training in Defense Course

for Out-of-School Rural Youth"

together with similar grants for

trades and industrial courses, all

under the direction and manage-

ment of the State Department of

Vocational Education, magnifies

the whole movement as one pro-

perly fitting into our educational

scheme.

While these emegency endeavors mesh well into our educational machinery and conform with the presen t-da y general philosophy of education. the mere fact that there is a dearth of trained men and women bespeaks certain faults in our educational system. However, these faults are not in the vocational emphasis trend. but in the lack of appreciation for extending and expanding

this trend. It should be kept in mind that the present emergency preparation is designed not only to be a defense measure. but to better fit our youth for the time when there may be a let down. a time when countless thousands may be thrown back on the land and on our industrial centers to work out a new existence and a new order for themselves. Any argument is defenseless that would contend that public school or government sponsored training in homemaking. building. trades. vocational agriculture, farm and general shop practices. etc., is not practical for a peacetime pursuit of happiness and economic adjustment.

This thought is aptly expressed by Robert Quillen in his column in the ovember 29 edition of the Atlanta Constitution He says:

"Come war or peace, the machine age is oiJly beginning. It take 10 years to develop a

precision tool-maker and from 10 to 50 to develop the scientific knowledge and technical skill that discovers new. ways to create new wonders and new ways to harness old forces for the service of mankind.
We must begin quickly to school our youngsters for the kind of world they will live in. And somehow we must make them see that great skill and knowledge and usefulness are not less honorable than unskilled service that permits a white collar."
It is sincerely hoped that the
new impetus given vocational
training as a result of these emer-

gency measures will find per-

manent lodgment in our school

system. It is not too much to

think that a new conception of

the moral, utilitarian and cuI tural

values of training as offered in

our vocational field of education

will grip the minds of our educa-

tors as important adjuncts in the

whole training of our boys and

girls. This new emphasis is in

truth training for defense and for

peace.

I Trends

~~~
GEORGIA, eoarly

are Slow

following the War

Between the States.

the immortal Henry W. Grady

inspired us to ambitious longing

to achieve the lofty heights of his

rhetorical and oratorical splendor.

We even thrilled with a new zeal

to work and achieve. Yet, the

practical and scientific approach

to a realization of, The New South was slow materializing.
That sweet singer of the Southland. Sidney Lanier, carved his name in thc~ annals of America's great. His "Song of the Chattahoochee" and "Marshes of Glynn" swing us to new heights of esthetic delight. However. we long ignored his impelling platitude. "There is more in the Man than there is in the Land".
The late Hoke Smith. the most farseeing exponent of vocational guidance and training of all modern time, espoused a great idea in the creation of the ten District Agricultural and Mechanical Schools in Georgia (1907) . But we were not ready for them. These schoois did not' die-they never lived. It was a still-birth; they died aborning. We were too busy increasing the number of accredited four-year public high schools from four in 1905 to 514 by 1939: and. seemingly, for the ostensible purpose of fitting 90 percent of the pupils for 10 percen t of the jobs.
Yes, trends are slow. "The mills of the God grind slowlyyet they grind exceeding small." We are on the threshold of The New South. Two thousand Master Farmers and 200.000 Future Farmers of America are the vanguard in demonstrating that "There is more in the Man than there is in the Land"and that permanent prosperity must come from the hinterlands.
Governor Smith moved on to the United States Senate. The Smith-Lever Act of 1913 and the Smith-Hughes Act of 1917 are two of the most significant and far-reaching pieces of peacetime legislation our country has seen in any fifty years of its history. The Act of 1913 was augmented by the George-Deen Act of 1936 giving us the machinery of government, the motivating agency and the inspiration for the sanest and safest civilian preparedness program conceivable.
Slow but sure are the trends

-(7)-

THE SCHOOL HELPER

December, 1940

that shape our ever-evolving educational practices. We are proud of the part Georgia and Georgians have taken and are taking in shaping and directing these

trends.

IF~~~

The Deaf

OUR COUNTRY

and Defense was being invad-

ed and all our

manpower was being conscripted

for service tomorrow, it is be-

lieved that the graduates of thi::

American schools for the deaf

would be found more uniformly

prepared than any other group.

It is true they could not be called

into active service, but they are pre-

pared to do other essential things.

Their training has equipped and

qualified them to go into the shops

and on farms to do their bit in the

performance of duties to our coun-

try that are just as necessary as

bearing arms.

Seven ty-five years ago, before vocational training was ever dreamed of as a function of our public schools, deaf students were trained in making their own shoes and their clothes. They, under the guidance of instructors, helped in keeping house, cooking and producing their own vegetables and foodstuffs on the school farm. They were early taught to handle tools and to do simple wood and metal work advancing while they grew towards maturity. As the years went by this training has been scientifically improved in keeping with the times and their actual needs for independence and good citizenship. At the same time, vast improvements have been made in the academic program and in the methods of teaching the three "Rs."

The machine age, increased length of school terms and many other factors have robbed our hearing youth of much fine
training formerly provided by the
home. They have experie'nced an ~du.cational opportunity deficit. Th.ls. added need for their complete trainIng must be found in the

scloJool program if they would not suffer more. The deaf have been more fortunate in this respect. Despite their handicap, they can be made important factors in any emergency defense program.

READING IN THE PRIMARY DEPARTMENT
(Continued from Page 3)
separately in a Plymouth chart. I place the cards as suggested in the first exercise (This is (picture). The child selects the corresponding printed statement and puts it under the above form. He then selects the two cards that make the statement telling what the animal says. The work so far is
This is (picture of a cow).

This is a cow. A cow says, "Moo, moo." In the third step the first person is used instead of the third person. This idea was introduced by giving each of us a card on which was printed I am. We clipped them to the printed form of our names making the statements I am John, I am Mrs. Evans. We fastened them to our shirts and dresses and went around to other classrooms and introduced ourselves.

After the children understood

the idea of I am, we introduced it

with the nouns used in the prev-

ious exercises. I am was used in

place of This is and I say in place

of A

says,. __ This exercise is

I am (picture of a cow). I am a cow. I say, "Moo, moo".

We will gradually add nouns to both, the I am and the This is exercises as they are taken up in reading and speech reading. These exercises provide good material for work in speech reading: as, Show me the picture of a cow, Show me what a cow says, Show me what says "Moo, moo", Show m_ This is a cow, Show me another This is a cow.

I am planning to make books to be used during the children's

leisure time in class. They will include gay pictures of the known nouns and p,rinted paragraphs bringing out the ideas as described. These books will have more meaning to the children than the prepared pre-primers 'and can be readily read and enjoyed.
-Vela Euans.
Young children adore bringing their tr\!asured possessions to school for their teachers to admire. These afford interesting material for our first work on possessives and has.
As soon as the children could recognize their names in print, I labeled their possessions as they brought them in. At first I placed a printed card with the possessive form of the child's name to the left of his or her object. Later I replaced that card with another printed card having the possessive form of the child's name followed by the name of the object: as, Ruth's doff, Mary's ring, Ben's knife. At this time I introduced has. I had on cards the prin ted has sentences to correspond with the phrases above. These sentences are kept in a Plymouth chart and are used for reading and speech reading.
Our children open their boxes from home in the classrooms, which is another source of material for work on possessives and has as well as news.
I continued the work on the possessive form of the children's name and has in this way for several weeks, then I introduced the possessive pronoun my. I used a card having on one side the possessive form of the child'1: name followed by the name of the object that he had brought in and on the other side of the card the pronoun my followed by the name of the object; as Ruth's doll, my doll.
After I have used the children's things several times, I let them take their possessions out of the

-(8)-

THE SCHOOL HELPER

\ December, 1940

classroom to play with or use. Several days later, I ask them to bring their things back to school. When a child has used up, lost, or destroyed his possession, I take his sentence out of the Plymouth chart and cross off has to show that he no longer has the object. Then I place a card with had printed on it over the word has. His sentence is then placed in another Plymouth chart. In this way work on had is begun.
-Julia Arnold

name to the right below it; as,

What did

do?

I mopped.

John

In this way the child sees that I

and John are the same. This

arrangem.ent paves the way for

original news which will soon be

required of each child. When two

children do the same thing, or one

child does two things, we have a

good place to use and in our chart;

as, What did

do?

I bring the tunny papers to class every Monday, and the children can't wait for their turns to find out what Mickey Mouse. Minnie Mouse, Donald Duck. Goofy, ana-Ptuto are doing.
I keep pictures of each in view with printed cards under them labeled This is Mickey Mouse, This is Pluto, etc. so that the children can recognize the characters as they read the funnies. We get in quite a bit of language each week by my asking questions

Johnny and Roscoe swept. about the various activities. When

Matti~ dusted Mrs. Irwin's asked which character he liked

Our clean up period is becoming a source of many good habits and valuable language. We use about thirty minutes every afternoon to put our classrooms in order.
At first it took some diplomatic ability to make Ruby see the pleasu.re of dusting the chairs while Faye Nelle was outside having a grand time cleaning the erasers. There are naturally a few favorite duties, and the children can't help showing their pleasure or dis pleasure at their assignments. In this way a lesson in giving and taking is taught.
Some of us teachers have settled this difficulty by making charts

desk and watered the plants.
From this part of our day's work each child is learning a number of things he will not forget when he goes home. Too, many words and expressions will find their places in the speech and speech reading periods and finally in the child's vocabulary. -Jim Irwin and Mabel Fincher.
The task of cleaning the rooms gives an opportunity for teaching language and also for lessons in careful and thorough cleaning.
The children in my class are old enough to understand and take pride in doing nice work.

best, one child replied that he liked Donald Duck because he rode in an airplane. It is no wonder the child likes Donald Duck best for he loves airplanes so much and is always drawing them in class when he should be doing something else.
We have enjoyed dressing up Marie (the paper doll) and arranging and labeling her furniture. We have printed cards to correspond with the pictures; as, This is Marie, This is Marie's bed, This is her desk, etc.
The girls love to bathe and dress Marie. I bold up the cards Put on the blue and white dress, Put on the dress with red and blue stripes, etc. and they look through

with the necessary duties printed We have the printed directions Marie's wardrobe and select the

on them. The children's names for cleaning up and the cor- costume called for. In this way

are printed on cards which slip in- responding printed statements to they have learned a few new verbs to slots to the left of the directions' tell what each child did. I point and several nouns besides more With names in place, they read to the direction, the child per- work on the colors.

Jackie sweep; Tom, clean the forms the action and then points

-Gladys Clark.

erasers, etc. Each week all names to the printed statement telling

except one move down one space. the last one moves up to the first place. In this way everybody must do each duty in his turn.

what he has done.
There is a certain sequence to be followed in cleaning a room which I have tried to emphasize,

In our reading periods for the last few weeks we have been working on paragraph meaning. The riddle is a favorite form in

After the classrooms have been such as putting away the pencils, my class, and we have been pre-

made tidy, the children go to their paper, charts, and other materials paring for riddles by studying th'!

desks, and the question What did first then erasing the black- characteristics of animals.

____do? is asked each child. From board and wiping the chalk dust First, we mounted large pic-

the set of printed statements which off the ledge before sweeping and tures of animals on heavy manila

correspond to the duties perform- dusting.

cards and labeled the different

ed, he selects the card that tells The boys move the chairs and characteristics of each. Our aim

what he did. He places the state- sweep, empty the wastebasket, and is visualization in every exercise

ment in the Plymouth chart under clean the erasers. The girls dust and with these pictures before

the printed question What did _ and keep the plants watered.

them, the children are able to see

do? with the printed form of his

-Ruth Forbes. the characteristics common to

-(9)-

THE SCHOOL HELPER

December, 1940

many animals, those common to only a few, and the ones that distinguish certain animals. In this way reasoning is simplified. A child can see in the first riddle below that the animal cannot be a cow because small is used, and in the second the answer cannot be a cat because cat does not say "Bowwow."
I have four feet. I have a long tail. I am small. What am I?
I have four feet. I can run. I say, "Bow-wow." What am I?
We had done a good deal of work on big, little, large, and small in various ways, and concepts of can, cannot and like had been well established before beginning work on riddles.
Some of the work has been done orally as a class exercise, some has been done at the blackboard, and some has been seat work using work sheets. Original statements using these ideas have also been done; as, Name an animal that can run; that cannot swim; that has a curly" tail; that like~, grass; that says; Meow, meow. ; that is small. etc.
We put the mounted pictures before the children when first taking up riddles and discuss whether the animal mentioned has two legs or four; whether its ears are long or short; whether it has a bill, teeth, horns, whiskers, or wings; whether it has fur, hair, or feathers; 'and whether its tail is long, short, bushy, or curly-if indeed it has one at all.
The children were surprised to learn that tables and chairs have legs, too and were highly amused when I asked if these inanimate objects could perform actions.
We still have a great deal of work to do along this line. There is no end to the new language that can be brought in. and the children never tire of the exercise as it

IS In the form of a game requIrIng both reasoning and judgment.
-Polly Casey.
Of our many trips this year we enjoyed our visit to Mrs. Kennard's home most of all. It happened to be Loraine's birthday which added to the importance of the occasion. We decided to celebrate it by trying our I uck at making chocolate fudge.
As we are working on Rooms in a house and Things in a house, this trip was most beneficial. After admiring the furnishings and brica-brac; the children's attention became centered on the pictures in the bedrooms. They were especially interested in those of Mrs. Kennard taken at different ages, and quite a lively discussion followed.
When the candy making began, all hands were busy. The boys shelled peanuts, and the girls helped in various ways in the kitchen.
We all sat down in the living room while Loraine passed the candy. We left some for Mrs. Kennard to see what good cooks we were.
Besides the worthwhile language involved, the homelike atmosphere was a real treat for the children.-Gladys Carpenter.
CITIZENSHIP
(Continued from Page 2)
to give the best opportunities for the development of constructive habit patterns and to help the child realize his own problems so that he can face reality squarely. In planning our work we try to visualize the child as we want him to become. We try to anticipate outcomes in knowledge, habits, skills, and attitudes. Our aim is to provide a rich environment with many varied experiences and to help the children live normally.
As soon as a child recognizes the fact that it is advisable and

better for him to behave according to the prescribed standards, he has begun to reason. Then when he voluntarily acts for his own betterment, he has made a decision and has learned the value of right and wrong. A proper sense of val ues is the basis of all social standards. It is our own individual consciences which guide us to act so that we may gain the approval of others and satisfaction for ourselves. These first little masteries in self discipline are the beginnings of character development. With the help of these normal healthy impulses children will be able to adjust themselves and make happy contacts with their families and friends.
READING IN THE INTERMEDIATE DEPART-
MENT
(Continued from Page 4)
means of work sheets. These steps are followed:
I. Comprehension of one sentence (2 pictures).
II. Comprehension of two sentences (2 pictures)
III. Comprehension of three sentences (2 pictures)
IV. Comprehension of three sentences (3 pictures)
V. Comprehension of four sentences (2 pictures)
VI. Comprehension of four sentences (3 pictures)
VII. Comprehension of four sentences (4 pictures)
VIII. Comprehension of four sentences (no pictures)
(Supplying the words!)
Textbooks used are:
Happy Hour Reader, Book 1 Down the River Road Good Times Together, Bookl
APOLOGY TO
MR. SCOTT
The Alumni News was printed in the November issue of THE HELPER without giving credit to its editor Mr. W. J. Scott, of Atlanta. We are sorry of this oversight and promise to be on the alert hereafter.

-(10)-

Among the Staff

by Gladys Carpenter

MR. and MRS. Roy G. PARKS,
Mr. and Mrs. J. R. Ware, Miss Julie[ McDermott, Miss Kathryn Watson, Miss Dorothy Stephens and Olaf Tollefson were among the teachers attending th football game between the Alabama and Georgia Schools for the Deaf at Talladega in ovember.
The lovel y home of Mr. and Mrs. Carl Reeves was the scene recently of one of the most delightful parties of recent date, when Mrs. Reeves entertained at a dessert-bridge honoring Mrs. Van Ingram, of Rome, a recent bride. Mrs. Ingram is a niece of Mrs. Leila Barnett.
Mr. and Mrs. Al David, of Augusta, have returned home after spending a week with Mr. and Mrs. J. R. Ware and other relatives.
Mr. and Mrs. James Lewis, of Milledgeville, spent Thanksgiving with Mrs. Lewis' mother, Mrs. Leila Barnett, at the school.
Among the Cave Spring young people who are attending colleg and were at home for the Thanksgiving week-end were Misses Mary Forbes and Martha Kay Perry, stu.dents at G. S. C. W., Miss Carolyn Tumlin, a freshman at Agnes Scott College, Miss Mary

Alice Tumlin, who attends Georgia State Womans' College in Valdosta, Hillis Hollingsworth, a student at Mercer, and Wright Hollingsworth, who attends Georgia Military Academy at Milledgeville.
J u.lia Arnold, daughter of Mrs. Julia Arnold, who is going to school in Savannah this winter, spent the Thanksgiving holidays with her mother at the Cave Spring Hotel.
Miss Emmalee Jones, who has a position in the North Carolina School for the Deaf, spent several days here with her mother, Mrs. Jessie Forbes Jones, recently.
Miss Effie Wood and Bill Stewart motored to Atlanta Friday for the day. Miss Wood's mother of Vienna, Georgia, met them in Atlanta and accompanied them to Cave Spring where she spent several days with her daughter.
Mrs. Quinn Shiple'Y was the g~.est of Mrs. John Caple Thanks-
giVing.
Miss Catherine Casey attended a horseshow in Columbus, Georgia recently.
The Rev. J. W. Fletcher, of Birmingham, was a guest of the $chool for a few days recently.

Mrs. Rolfe Kennard and Roy G. Parks spent Tuesday in At~ lanta. They visited the school sponsored by the Junior League of that city and were luncheon guest of Mrs. William Hamm and Mrs. Mayland Courts at the Piedmont Driving Club.
Mr. and Mrs. Fred Forbes had a nice trip to Milledgeville Sunday, November 24th. They took their daughter Mary, Martha Kay Perry and Wright Hollingsworth back to school after the Thanksgiving holidays.
Mrs. Vela Evans spent the week-end recently with Miss Willie Ruth McKinney.
Mr. Steve Pettis recently attended the Short School for water plant operators at the Georgia School of Technology and passed his examinations as a qualified operator. This course is given each year as a cooperative affair between the Georgia School of Technology, The Georgia Waterworks and the Sewage Operators Association. Mr. Pettis stands as a guardian to the health of our children by his expert care in pumping and chlorinating the water we use.

Pupils' Locals

Teddie \Vater wishes each of you "A :Werry hristmas and A Happy 1 aw Year" in this manner instead of sending you Christma cards.
:\1argaret Heidt can hardly wait to go home on December 20 for the Christma holiday. She wants to have a good time at home.
Thef'e was a production of The ourt,hip of :Wile Standi h given by the D cia . ovembar 1 . Hazel :\[cLendon enjoyed 'being Priscilla.
Mary Taylor had a bad dream one night. She walked toward the teps and was awakened when he struck the waste basket.
u ie Tavlor ha harder lessons than she ~lid last year. She i laarning lots of thing and is trying to study hard.

Reported by
Barbara Russell Mildred Scurlock Hazel M'cLendon Mary Taylor Carl Barber Peggy Taylor Wilma Whaley
Hazel Baxley had rather stay here Cbri tma than go home because the vacation is only for eight days. If her parents want her to go, she will have to go, though.
Thank giving Dori Hanes missed seaing two of her sisters and one brother fr::Jm a distance. They visited her home. Dori enjoyed the game here instead of going home.

John Smith sold coca cola during the homacoming game Thanksgiving. He made $6.00 for the B. A. A.
Louise Maynard was very much surpri ed on Thanksgiving Day when her sister ent her a jumper dress.
Jud on Carr is our champion checker playaI'. He won the tournament from all the other boys.
ovember 23 Francine Waldrop had a delightful vi it to the beautiful new home of one of her friends. She expacts to pend a day there Christmas.
November 23 wh n Margaret Heidt and Evelyn Doyle went to Rome. they Forgot and lef~ their money at school so they had to borrow money to go to the movie .

-(11)-

THE SCHOOL HELPER

December, 1940

William :.\1assey says, "Merry Christmas and Happy ew Year," to all.
Virginia Ray will go home for Chr~ tmas and stay five. days. She likes Cave Spring better than Atlanta. Her uncle will come and get her.
Wilma Whaley is quite an artist. The inside of the Christmas covel' of this issue was drawn by her.
ovember 27 Elliott Jameson went olltside to see if it' was cold. \Vhen he g><>t outside, old Jack Frost bit the end of his nose and made it red.
Fred Buchanan was forunate enough to go to Rome with 11'. Ware to see the good movie, "The Mark of Zorro."

,Do any of you get magazines?
Recently !Florence Johnson sent for a subscription of the Newsweek magazine. Florence enjoys reading them because they yield many interesting articles. 'Better secure 'One soon.

Donald Turner spent Thanksgiving at his home in Atlantt.l. While he was there, he attended a birthday dinner of a friend nearby. He wlas very glad to get back to school.

It was with much amazement thjat

Byron Avant heard that his sister,

A~ma" hald gotten m&rried 1'01" the

"econd time.

Congratulations to

Alma and hel' new husband, Mr.

Agfee.

Annie Logan l'ceived a long letter from Lon\a Holland three weeks ago saying that Lona was a dressmaker now. She misses her many friends amd the school life here. We miss you also, 'Lona.

Betty Taylor, Mary's sister, must be very smart for she had her name put in the Ocilla Stat' for being the smartest pupil in her class. Mary was proud of her because she had gone to school only a few months and was in the first grade.
Margaret Perdue can hardly wait for the dining room to be finished. She hates to walk so far up the hill to the Primary Building for every meal.
Nettie Lee Tuckler planted some flowers in pretty flower pots ovember. 9. She looks at them all the time. Some of the girl were sur. pl'ised that she loves flowers.
Donald Turner was much pleased .at the way the Alabama football team treated them dU'ring their stay there. Their ~eam outweighed the G.S.D. squad. Although they play, ed lots of tricks, they won fairly and squarely.

Louise Maynard enjoyed a visit from her mother, sister, and two of her aunts Novmber 10. They had to eat their lunch in the basement of the Girls' Dormitory because the
weather was too rainy for them to go
to the spring.
~r~d <Buchanan went to Rome in Mr. Clark's oar the afternoon of Amistice Day to see that good movie, Curtain Call.
Horace Johnson hurt his ankle in the Georgia-Alabama football game. He stayed in the hQspitJtl all day November 10. It i better now.
Irene Browning's sis tel', Jewell, is working in a fruit packing house in Waverly, Florida. 'Irene wants Jewell to get a job for her after Christmas.
iPoor Myrtle! She has not heard a word from her father and mother since school opened. She is worried about them.
Hazel .Baxley had her first stage tright before she began to speak on the program in the chapel on Armistice Day. She recited a poem while ,Ralph White interpreted for her.
Ralph White played a good joke on William Massey one night when we boys were in poor spirits. Some of the boys and Ralph made an apple pie bed. They folded the top sheet in half and tucked one half of it under. William was perplexed when he found out that he coulil get his feet only half way under. iHis antics caused a hearty laugh thus chasing the blues away.
On ovember 10 Byron Avant was very much pleased when he received a friendly letter from Ruth Mullins of Jackson, Mississippi.
Evelyn Doyle was disappointed that her father would not let her spend the Christmas holidays with Doris Hanes. He needs her to help him at home because he has been sick since last summer.
Idell .Rentz will soon be strutting around wearing her gl'aduation ring. She is very much thrilled at the prospect of wearing it. She already has the money for it in her pocket.
Virginia Ray was delighted to see her mother and relatives one Sunday in Septembel'. They visited the cave and spring. They thought that the Girls' Dormitory was beautiful.
Is Florence Johnson's brother, Alvin, going to grow a flowing mustache this year? He must grow one later because he has planned to be a diamond jeweler after he has

learned to be a watch repairer and jeweler. Will 'Florence ever live to w,ear diamonds and other jewels? Florence wishes her brother good luck as a reward for his hard work in learning to be a good diamond jeweler.
On "ovember 7 nine boys who work in the print shop including Carl Barber went to Atlanta to see an exhibition of offset printing. After the exhibition Carl went to his home to surprise his mother.
Elliot Jameson went to Atlanta with Mr. ,Clark ovember 7 to see the printing shops. He went to a show while there.
:vIrs. Massey had planned to visit Bill Thanksgiving, but she had to postpone her trip. Now 'Bill will have to wait until Christmas to see her.
One night Pauline Carter thought that somone had turned on the light. She woke up and the moon outdoors was beautiful. "
Perhaps the people who live between Cave Spring and Rome thought that an Eskimo had come to G. S. D.. When the girls went to Rome on November 9, Hazel McLendon wrapped herself all up in a blanket to keep herself warm. She laid her head in Myrtle's lap and fell fast asleep and did not wake up until she got to RQme ..
Susie Taylor will be very happy right after chool closes next sprinobecause she will go to Akron, Ohio to stay all ummel' with her relatives. She ca.n't wait to go because she has never been in Ohio and he hasn't seen her relatives for about eight years.
When our team went to Florida, it was the first time that Jack Sellers had ever been there. He liked Florida, but he still think that Georgia is the best of all. Hurrah for Georgia!
Dol': Ha.nes' brother ILamjar ha' a new job with the Railway Expre s Company. He makes more money than before. He cannot ee the movie with his girl now because he has to work every night. 001' Lamar!
A urpri e package of peanuts came f-:lr Peggy Taylor [rom her family ),Iovemer 11. They are going to send her some pecans and cake soon.
Esther Poole's sister, Helen, is proud of getting a better job at Fort Benning. Georgia. She has wOTked there . ince Septemer 16. Esther hopes Helen will be successful in her work.

-(12)-

GEORGIA SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF

ADMI ISTRATION E. D. River

Governor

State Board of Public Welfare

Joseph M. Branch

. Director

Dr. C.J. Wellborn,Director, Div.of Institutions

In cooperation with

Floyd County Board of Education

J. Scott Davis

. . Chairman

A. N. Swain .

County Sup't of Schools

Administration

C. H. Hollingsworth, M. A. Rebecca J. Spencer
Clifford W. Culbertson

Superintendent Secretary
Steward

OFFICERS AND TEACHERS

Academic

Roy G. Parks, M. A.

Principal

Marie Kennard,B.S. Supervisor,Primary Dept.

Gladys E. Carpenter ell A. Gibbons

Julia L. Arnold Katharine Casey Pauline N. Casey Gladys B. lark Vela V. Evans

John G. Kester, B. J. Juliet McDermott Ila Sewell, B. S. Margaret Paris, B. S. Fern D. Parks

Mabel L. Fincher Ruth D. Forbes

Olaf Tollefson, B. A. Allie S. Woodruff

Jessie F. Jones

Kathryn Watson, B.S.

Jim C. Irwin

Edythe D. Montgomery, B. S.

Frances Longshore, B. S.

Harriet C. Stevens, B. A., Librarian

Vocational

John L. Caple A. May Clark
Barton Clark, B. A.
Steve Pettis Annie McDaniel Dorothy Stephen B.S.H.E. J. R. War Cecil White H. E. Woodrulf, B. S. A.

Principal

Physical Education

Sarah F. Ware.

Director of Girls

Race Drake, B. S.

Director of Boys

Medical
J. C. Connor, M. D. W. S. Watson, D. D. S. Ralph McCord, M. D. .

. .Physician
. Dentist . Otolgist

Household

Leila H. Barnett. Emma Henderson. Olaf Tollef on . . Connor Dillard. . Luella Brown. . Harold Killian. Everett Ryle. Effie Wood . . . Gena Geeslin. Ruth Geeslin. Ruby D. Perry. J. A. Elrod.

. . . .Matron .Laundry Matron . . . . Dean of Boys . . . . . .Supervi or
Supervi or . . . Supervisor
. . Barber and Pressing Supervisor Supervisor Supervisor
. . Matron . Nightwatchman

Maintenance

John L. Caple.

.. Engineer

Steve Pettis. . . . . Electrician and Mechanic

L J. Wood ..

. . .Fireman

Calvin Holman.

Fireman

William Stewart.

.Farm Manager

D. S. Peck . . .

. .Plumber

Harvey Wilson. .

. Dairyman

J. F. Morgan.

. Carpenter

Walter Wade. . .

. Yardman

J. D. Rice . . Estelle G. Rice. .
Wilhelmina Betton. Annie Mae Bostic.

School for the Colored
.Principal E. Willard Rice. . Teacher Abbie Mullins. Teacher Macie Sams .. Teacher Ralph Rice . . . . .

. . . . .Teacher . . . .Matron
. . . Girls' Supervisor . . .Boys' Supervisor

SCHOOL

PUBLISHED AT THE GEORGIA SCHOOL FOR
THE DEAF, CAVE SPRING, GEORGIA

JA UARY, 1941
. '-

VOL. 41

NO.4

THE
Volume 41

,
SCHOOL HELP ER

Cave Spring. Georgia. January. 1941

. '-

No.4

Our New Governor

II

The Honorable Eugene Talmadge
Governor of Georgia 1933-35, 1935-37 $.-
Overwhelmingly elected for the term beginning:1941 I

Football Game Played in Silence

by John Couric Jr.

We believe that the following article which is copiad from the Atlanta Journal of December 29 wiJI prove interesting to the raaders of the School Helper. It is a splendid word picture of the Homecoming Game which was pl:ayed on our field Thanksgiving day. -Editor
OLD GRADS, pr~u? of their Alma Mater's gndlron prowess; well-to-do alumni in big cars; loyal students with plenty of pep: souvenir vendors. It's the same old football atmosphere, but this is no ordinary game. It is homecoming for the Georgia School for the Deaf at Cave Spring.
Few of the spectators and none of the participants. can hear,. Those who Can speak do so rather artificially, and the rest. convey their expressions and wishes .by sign language. But they ar~ tak~ng part in a football game-Just like you and I. The playe~s perform with added zest and a little something extra in the way of the old
school try. The specta tors '!1ake
noise, 'Wplaud, laugh and Joke. Were you to see this game from the air you would not be able to distinguish it from the ordinary high school contest.
The hubbub of aetlvlty is the same. Alumni are looking up old friends, making new acquaintances, asking each other where they are working now. if they are married yet. And all by that magic method of communication, the sign language.
Let's stop a minute and watch that pretty little blond cheerleader direct the organized cheering section. She can't hear what she is saying, but that doesn't dampen her ardor or desire to see Georgia score. "Go. Go." she shouts. And the crowd ech~es the refrain. She'll be a trifle weary tonight, but not too tired to take in that big dance "on the hill."
The Tennessee School for the Deaf has just scored a touchdown. Tennessee's supporters aren't nu-

merous, but the few in attendance are jubilant. See that fellow dancing the jig and manipulating his fingers madly. He's saying he played for Tennessee in 1907; he thinks the 1940 team is small, but darn good; he believes the Georgia School hasn't a chance. and he wants the world to know it. The final score upholds his prediction.
The Georgia coach, blond, good-humored Scandinavian Olaf Tollefson, is looking worried. Like other coaches, he paces in front of the players' bench. Deaf like his pupils, Olaf Tollefson graduated from college and becaml~ a champion wrestler. Now he is dean of boys and coach at the school. There are plenty of others like him.
One peddler with his football pins passes by, signing to all to come and purchase his wares. Two early 'teen-age boys roll their softdrink wagon among the standing spectators. It's all for the school and the athletic association, and the students are determined to make the day profitable as well as entertaining. Look closely at the footballs glued on the colored bits of silk ribbon, and you'll discover that they are midget pecans covered with shellac.
Half-time whistle sounds and the players with some slight semblance of hearing signal to their team mates to leave the field. Thus it is on every play. Some players on each side realize that the ball is dead and transmit the idea to their pigskin companions. Penalties aren't called for an occasional hard block or tackle after the ball is dead. Other penalties are rarely necessary. The deaf boys playa clean game.
Well, you think, this IS one football game where there won't be any half-time show; just time to catch your breath. You're wrong again. The Georgia marching group of the coed student body has started down the field. Side by
-(2)-

side in perfect rhythm, with their blue skirts and white shirtwaists adding the Georgia colors to the ceremony, the girls studiously follow the drum majorette, who waves a colored, crepe-cov'ered baton to and fro. They have successfully navigated a difficult right angle maneuver and are facing the Tennessee side. The crowd is hushed as the Georgia group silently pays its respects to the visiting opponents.
Ethical requirements met, the majorette wheels her group around and maneuvers toward the center of the field. It's time to praise Georgia now. Slowly, deliberately rhythmically they begin to weave a G formation. The crowd watches anxiously. The formation is completed, and the spectators begin to applaud. No ordinary high school is going to outdo these lasses, however. They keep their position and begin a cheer; the Alma Mater follows. That song has something. Lacking cadence and not audibly pleasing in the ordinary sense, the song still probably brought more emotion to the hearing spectators than would the University of Texas' ZOO-piece band. It is not surprising that quite a few adult hearing spectators kept silent in an effort to hide their emotion. The spectacle-it was a spectacle-didn't make one sorry for the dea f: on the contary, it produced a feeling of cheer to think that under present conditions one can be deaf and normally happy at the same time.
The game ended all too soon for everyone. But preparations were in the offing; dinner and then dressing for the dance, scheduled to start at 8 p.m. Deaf people dancing! It seems impossible. But it isn't. As C. H. Hollingsworth, superintendent of the school explained it: "The deaf respond to rhythmic vibration as a mode of speech development."
To watch the deaf dance is beautiful. Thrilling, too. The girls
(Continued on Page 10)

Reading in the Primary Department

TOYS and a letter to Santa Claus held the center of attention in our class during December.
We had a few toys in our speech reading nouns, namely, a top. a ball, a balloon, and a doll. The children saw that there were different kinds of tops and balls on our trips to the toy counter1> and not just the kind that we had in our classroom.
After these visits the children spent a great deal of time drawing the toys they had seen, and due to popular demand a few mar nouns were added to our speech reading list.
We looked at Christmas sales catalogues, and each child chose three or four things that he wanted. Then we began our letters to Santa Claus. I wrote the heading
Dear Santa Claus, I want
and the children drew the toy that they wanted for Christmas. I wrote the names of the toys underneath, added J [oue you, and each child signed his name to his letter.
Some of the children were torn between desire and confidence in their artistic ability, but desire was stronger in every case. Robert wanted a train but was afraid that he could not draw it, and Louise hesitated a long time before drawing a doll carriage.
The little time that we spent on toys and letters has helped the parents and me in selecting their Christmas presents, intensified their interest in speech reading and made the Christmas displays in the local windows more delightful. -Katharine Casey.
Since good health is the first requisite for a good pupil, the classroom teacher should coop" erate with the home department in establishing good health habits in her pupils,

Every morning as soon as the devotional period is over, we have inspection. At first the printed cards with the questions
Did you brush your teeth this morning? Did you wash your face? Did you comb your hair? Did you wash your hands?
were used as silen t reading with pictures to illustrate the questions. I placed each question in the Plymou.th chart under the picture that illustrated it. I placed a card with Yes printed on it and a card with 0 on it at the bottom ()f the Plymouth chart. I pointed to a question, and the child pointed to the Yes or 0 card.
After the children seemed to have grasped the idea, I gave each child a Yes and a 1 0 card. I pointed to a question, and the children held lip the cards with their answers. (Of course the answers were always Yes). Then I had one child place his Yes card under the auestion.
My next step was putting the pictures in one Plymouth chart and the questions in another. I pointed to a question. The child showed me the picture that ill ustrated the question, then placed his Yes card under the question. As soon as the children were sure of the question, 1 introduced the following statements printed on cards:
I brushed my teeth. I combed my hail'. I washed my face. I washed my hands.
After the child had placed his answer under the question. he held up the statement that wenl with the question, and then placed it at the bottom of the chart tha t held the question cards.
I always asked the questions as I pointed to them so it wasn't difficult to change this exercise from silent reading to speech reading. ow I ask the question. The child points to the picture that illustrates the question, puts
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his Yes card under the question, th.en selects the. statement that goe with the question and places it at the bottom of the Plymouth chart that holds the question cards. From time to time other questions and statements will be added.
--Julia Arnold.
My class is composed of children who were late en trants. Their eagerness to learn adds to my pleasure in planning for them.
As the Christmas season drew near I wanted to give them as much of the real meaning of Christmas as they could undcrstand.
Children are always interested in birthdays. We had been in school only a short time when we fou.nd each child's birthday on th~ calendar and wrote his name on that date. Pictures of birthday cakes with a differeli.( number of candles on each were shown. Each child's birthday was printed on a separate card. When I pointed to the question When is your birthday? each in turn found his birthday on the calendar and took the printed card and placed it in the Plymouth chart under the question. My birthday was a short time before Christmas, and we marked that on the calendar.
I showed pictures of the Baby J eSl'.S and designated His birthday. I showed a picture of Joseph, Mary, and Jesus with the corresponding printed cards. Th children soon learned these. and then I presen ted This is J e:;us, This is Mary, Mary was Jesus's mother, This is Joseph, December 25 is Jesus's birthday. and Do you love Jesus?
We dramatized the story of the Nativity. They loved this and readily entered into the spirit of the play. i ot the least of th~ characters in the dramatization were the Wise Men with gifts for

THE SCHOOL HELPER

January, 1941

from this I led to our custom of giving presents at Christmas time.
Thus, from the story of the birth of Christ a wealth of material was garnered for language, reading, and speech reading.
-Vela Evans.
Since the deaf child's ability tc learn is so closely linked with his ability to observe, we feel that drawing and other forms of handwork are a very necessary part of his training.
When the child is told to draw an object which is placed before him, he must observe closely in order to be able to judge in just which direction his lines should run, just where one line should join another, and the proportion of one part of the object to the rest. Muscular coordination plays an important part in this work. Later, where only the printed direction is given, his memory must supply the model, and there is no question as to the necessity of memory training in our department.
We have a set of directions which we find quite helpful as weIl as interesting to the children. There are three groups of cards in the set-the first being directions to draw an object. (Draw a-.) We bring in all possible nouns that have been used in reading. The second direction is to color the object (Color tbe ), and
the third group of cards has the names of all colors the children know folIo wed by a period (red.) . Sometimes we use a number of objects to draw and color, and again we select six since we have six colors and rotate our colors until we have the sam~ object in each color-if the object~ can be all colors. This brings up discussions and valuable training in color discrimination for we it would cause us to have such as vary our rotation of color when a bl ue cow or a green horse on out sheets. The children object strenuously to coloring an object some color in which they have never seen it in reality.

Most important of aiL draw-

ing gives the child much necessary

help in expressing ideas for which

his vocabulary does not provide a

medium. This is helpful in

working up our news. We take

the children for a walk, calI their

attention to various forms and

colors of things on the outside.

and with these things in mind,

draw and color what we have

seen.

--Jim Irwin.

At the beginning of each month a weather calendar for that particular month is drawn on the south board with a picture or some appropriate decoration at the top. The purpose of this calendar is to picture the weather day by day in a non-Iangauge way.
By using printed questions, answers, and statements, we have found it possible to do much more work along this line with very young children than was formerly done.
The following questions with pictures to ill ustra te are placed in a Plymouth chart:
Is it raining? Is it cloudy? Is the sun shining?
Each child is given a Yes card and a 0 card with which to answer the questions before he 1~ able to speak the answers.
I point to the printed question while asking "Is the sun shining this morning?" To make sure the question is understood, one child is told to point to the picture iII ustrating that particular question. After looking outside to verify their answers, the children hold up either their Yes or No cards. One child is called upon to place his answer under the ques.. tion in the Plymouth chart. This procedure is followed with each question and answer.
After the questions have been asked, verified, and answered, one child builds up the weather report in another Plymouth chart under the heading T he Weather. This is done by selecting the statements that correspond to the questions. If
-(4)-

the answers are No, the statements

are turned out of sight, thus leav-

ing in sight only the true state-

ment. The child puts the proper

day of the week to the left on the

line below the statement and hi!>

name to the right on the same line.

The exercise is

The Weather

The sun is shining.

Monday

Tom

The following day I refer La this report, and one child draw!> it in yesterday's square on the weather calendar. Iwrite it in the past tense on the blackboard set aside for that purpose until the children are able to write it. When they can speak it, they take turn.s drawing and writing the report in the past tense. From this work. they can go to the next step which includes both yesterday's weather and today's up to the present time in one report; as,

The Weather The sun shone yesterday. It is shining again this morning. At 8:30

Tuesday

Mary

In this wa y the meaning of many adverbial phrases is made

clear and time telling is simplified. -Mabel Fincher.

The verb has was presented to my class as described by Miss Casey last month. As each child brought a toy, an article of clothing, or some other possession to the classroom, I labeled each and put it on a table set aside for that purpose. I held up each possession with the corresponding printed phrase; as, Mary's dolI, Tommie's purse, and changed each to a statement using has. (Mary has a doll.)
For more work on sentence comprehension I selected pictures of a baby with a baIl, a boy with a ball, and a girl with a ball. Printed sentences were placed under the correct pictures.
Pictures of a man, woman, boy, girl, and baby each having some flowers were used, and the corresponding printed statements

THE SCHOOL HELPER

January, 194 J

placed underneath. In order to bring in speech re'ading I asked to be shown various pictures and objects: as. "Where is the picture of the boy with 'a ball; the baby with some flowers; the girl with some flowers?" "Show me the girl's ball: the woman's flowers: the man's flowers."
Other pictures were selected and used in sets. In this way the children comprehend the meaning of the entire sentence.
-Gladys Clark.
Almost from the very first day of school. we begin work on ex pressions. We have printed copies of these which are placed either in a Plymouth chart or on the wall where they are most convenient. Good morning, Good afternoon, and Goodbye are, of course, among the first ones used. For instance, as the child enters the room, the teacher points to the printed form of Good morning (also speaking it), and the child in turn points to it. Other expressions are gradually added as need or occasion arises. even beforE: the child can speak them.
From this beginning, we work on up to what the animals say, In an 'article last month Mrs. Evans discussed this. After this step, it is easy and natural for the child to sense and absorb the first step in direct discourse. More printed material is needed here-the n'ames of the teacher and pupils (which we already have on hand) , necessary pronouns, the verb said, and the expressions, which this time are in quotation marks.
It is simple and interesting then to work up an exercise building it up from the printed material in one Plymouth chart and placing it in another. Below is an exercise which might be among the first.
Mrs. Kennard said, "Good morning,"
Billy said, "Good morning" too. She said, "How are you?".' He said, "Just fine, thank you."
Maudene stepped on Billy's foot. She said, "Pardon me." He said, "Certainly."
-Polly Casey.

All through a deaf child's school life every opportunity should be grasped to develop in him a reverence for things of a spiritual nature. In the religious work of my class this year, we have connected our work with the Bible. When possible we have found passages in the Bible to verify sta temen ts: as,
Is God a man?-Numbers 23 :19. Can God see you ?-Genesis 1: 16. Does God love you ?-I John 4 :19.
The books of the Old and New Testaments are written on flasb cards and kept in the two separate groups. Before opening their Bibles to find a scripture, they sec whether it is in the Old or New Testament. It was explained to the class that the story of the life of Jesus is only in the New Testament. Speech reading is also used to acquaint the children with the Bible; as, In which Testament is Proverbs? Is Mark in the Old or the New Testament?
In our work on moral truths the following were discussed. dramatized, and where possible pictures were shown to illustrate:
It is right to be good. It is right to be kind. It is l"ight to speak the truth. It is right to be helpful. It is right to be happy. It is right to obey. It is right to be unselfish. It is right to be polite.
It is wrong to be naughty. It is wrong to be unkind. It is wrong to lie. It is wrong to be lazy. It is wrong to be cross. It is wrong to disobey. It is wrong to be selfish. It is wrong to be impolite.
With the above for a foundation, a chart was begun with the headings Right and Wrong. As an experience came up in the daily lives of the children, it was discussed and listed on the chart.
These verses were found in the Bible in connection with moral truths:
"Children obey." Ephesians 6:1 "Speak the truth." Ephesians 4:2 "Be ye kind." Ephesians 4 :32 "Do right." Deuteronomy 6 :18 "Do no wrong." Jeremiah 22:3
-(5)-

Simple stories were given illustrating moral truths: as,

obeyed or disobeyed:

Tom's fatl1e'r told Tom not to

climb the fence. Tom climbed

the fence. He fell and hurt his

arm. He

his father.

-G. Carpenter.

We do not give formal tests in rhe Primary Department, and sometimes it is hard to know just how much each child really comprehends of the work done each day. We 'teachers spend hours preparing work sheets that, as a rule, the children finish in a few minutes. These hours of preparation are quite well spent, however, for the work sheets serve as individual tests after the different ideas have. been worked up 'as a class exerCIse.
Recently we have been working on prepositions in my class. We first took up on and .used it with every noun that we knew. After a few lessons, I prepared work sheets to be sure that each child really had a dear mental picturE of this preposition before taking up another. Under was presented next in the same way and work sheets u.sed for it. Then on and under were mixed. We drew pictures on and under everything we could think of, and then work sheets were prepared for these two. Over was introduced and drilled on before being mixed with on and under. We shall add to these as rapidly as possible taking up each new one separately for awhile then mixing it with those already learned.
This is only one of the man)' uses of the work sheets. I shall use them for work on nouns, ver~s, colors, number (including ordmals), and adjectives.
The directions for doing thi3 work can be varied in order to make each child reason each one for. himself. My pupils enjoy havmg the worksheets and I find them quite a help.-Ruth Forbe5.

THE SCHOOL HELPER

January, 1491

THE SCHOOL HELPER
All communications should be addressed to the School Helper, Cave Spring, Georgia.
Published monthly during the school year in the printing Department of the Georgia School for the Deaf.
Entered at the Post office at Cave Spring, Georgia, as second class matter ovember, 1899. ~cce~tance ~or mailing at special rate of postage prOVIded In SectIOn 1103. Act of October 3, 1917. Authorized October 31, 1918.
Subscription price is fifty cents for eight issues.

Vol. 41

January, 1941

No.4

CHANGES IN STAFF
T HE NEW YEAR brings a number of changes in our school staff. Mr. Woodruff. teacher of vocational agriculture. leaves us to accept a position with Swift and Company m'aking his headquarters in Athens. Along with him goes Mrs. Woodruff. one of our fine primary teachers. Our best wishes go with these two for happiness and success.
A newcomer to the staff is Miss Elizabeth Barnes of Talladega. Alabama. Miss Barnes is a graduate of Franklin Normal School and took her normal training in the deaf work in the Western Pen~ sylvania School for the Deaf. We take pleasure 111 welcoming Miss Barnes to our staff.
Mrs. Stella M. Hood of Atl'anta came to fill a vacancy of several weeks standing as school ~urse. Mrs. Hood is a registered nurse with long expenence. She came at a time when the hospital was filled to overflowing with cases of flu and colds. The skill ful way in which she met this emergency leads us to believe that she is well equipped to handle our hospital and aid Dr. Connor in keeping the pupils well.

JACK HITCHCOCK AND W ALTER WADE
T HESE two young men, recent graduates of our schooL are now serving their apprenticeships as electricians with the construction crews on the building and repair program here. The school is indebted to Mr. J. B. Clifton, Superintendent of Construction. for his interest in these two young men. Jack has been in the work for about a year and Walter is now rounding out his first month. The boys seem to be interested in their work and the foreman says they are making progress. The entire school is on the sidelines cheering. We expect them to come through with flying colors. Since Walter took his training in printing. and Jack studied

agriculture. ther'e are some people who would use these two cases as proof that Our school had been deficient in its training program. We do not share this feeling of failure. If we take the trouble. to check reports from Colleges and Universities all over the country we would find large numbers of lawyers entering other fields of work and we would find a surprising number of trained engineers entering the fields of business and agriculture. Why then should we be alarmed if a few of our boys or girls do not follow the specific lines in which they were trained?
Recent surveys of workers in various fields show that workmen do not lose their' jobs' from lack of skill but that most of them are discharged because they are deficient in personality or good character traits. 1 lore and more attention should be given in our academic and vocational classes to proper attitudes and character education. Since we know that these things contribute so much to the success of a boyar girL we cannot place the responsibility for failure on anyone course or teacher. The entire school program has its influence on the pupils..
DAN CUPID really pulled a stunt during the holidays. He rang the Christmas Bells and Weddings Bells all at the same time. William Stewart. the manager of our farm. and Effie Wood, supervisor of our small girls. were very quietly married on Christmas Eve. We extend our hearty congratulations to this young couple and wish them every happiness and joy during the coming years.
T HE Cave Spring Garden Club sponsored an ourside decoration program during Christmas, offering a prize of $5.00 for the best display and $3.00 for second best. The members of our faculty practically eloped with the prizes. The Parks received first prize for an outdoor scene of. deer displayed by a very unique lighting arrangement and the Caples took second prize for a door decoration representing a Christmas Package. ornamented with a string of lighted bells. Several other pepole in our school family received honorable mention including Mrs. Casey. Mrs. Gibbons and some others.
The school felt it a privelege to cooperate with the Club at this season. A very realistic and .1ife~like scene lighted with large flood lights was placed on the roof of our school building. Three life-size shepherds and about a dozen sheep made up the group while a large lighted star on the steeple of the boys' dormitory seemed to be guiding the shepherds to the manger.
On the lower floor of the building and s)1ining through the main entrance door was an especially beautiful lighted Christmas tree.
Miss Watson and Miss Paris were In charge of these features of the decorations.

-.(6)-

Superintendent~s Corner

Govern'x Talmad:Jc

ELSEWHERE in this issu.e of the Helper is :l

fplendid likeness of the new gov-

ernor, the Honorable Eugene

Talmadge of McRae, Georgia.

Or rather, it is the likeness of our

old governor prominently back

again on the stage of state politics

and affairs. A thumbnail treJ-

tise of the "Sage of Sugar Creek"

might be an appropri.ate considera

tion for our out-of-the-state ex-

change readers.

Governor Talmadge, affectionately known as "Gene" by a large majority of the people of our commonwealth, was reelected governor by a landslide vote and was properly inducted into office at high noon on Tuesday, January 14. He is the first individual to serv our state as chief executiv<: for a third term in more than fift,. years. This, of itself, certifies to his great appeal. One of tbe secrets of his popularity is the fact that he can be depended upon to carry out his every campaign promise-and then some. The din of the tremendous ovation accorded his inaugural address had hardly died out before the new Governor was back in his executive chamber fulfilling his campaign pledges.

One other great secret of Gene Talmadge's popularity is his aversion to state debts and high taxes. He balances the budget by cutting expenses. He cuts expenses by cutting them now. This has a popular appeal to people concerned about public debt and burdened with heavy taxes.

Mr. Talmadge appointed us to our present post in 1936. He stipulated that we should take a years leave of absence without pay and at our own expense attend Gall~udet College preparatory to the assuming of duties as superintendent at the Georgia School tor the Deaf. This was a taxing requirement, but we have long since concluded that it was a just one. While in Washington, the Stale

Administration changed. Governor Rivers had come into office.
Over the period of the past four years much progress has been made in expanding and improving th~ physical facilities of the school. The courses of study have been extended to include a full high school curriculum while the vocational and trades and industrial programs have been made to con form with all standard req uirements. These developments were tantamount to actual needs of the institution.
We feel that everything bodes well for the Georgia School for the Deaf. Governor Talmadge, ever mindful of the under-privileged and the handicapped, has promiseJ to maintain and improve the present expanded services for tbe deaf of our state. He keeps his promIses.

The Cogswell

T HE whole profession is indebted

Letters

to Superinten-

dent Edmund B.

Boatner of the American School

for the Deaf at Hartford, Con-

necticut, for his exemplary service

in the printing and distribution of

The Cogswell Letters. We can

feel no less indebted to the Cogs-

well family descendants for pre-

servi ng for posteri ty these letters

and documents. They furnish

source material that give a warmth

and color to the early history of

the education of the deaf i:1

America not attainable from any

other source.

What a heritage is ours! A study of the humble and ennobling beginning of the education oi the deaf in this country can prove nothing less than an inspiration to teachers everywhere. This beginning, as revealed by these letters, was in Connecticut, the seat of some of our early American wlture. The three main actors were Mason F. Cogswell, Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet, and beautiful Alice Cogswell. These first two were honor graduates and some-

times lecturers at Yale University. The one, a noted surgeon, and the other, an eminent clergyman. Little Alice, the heroine. was th deaf daughter of Dr. Cogswell.
All the father's medical skill availed him nothing in trying to cure the affliction which had come to his little daughter. She was about the age of two when deafened from the result of the ravages of "spotted fever." This good man s anxiety for his daughter and his great benevolent spirit drove him to seek a new redemption for his precious child. Along came his neighbor, the scholarly and kind hearted Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet. Gallaudet had known the child before deafness occurred. He knew her sweet spirit and the brightness of her mind. Through his own ingenuity and skill. he started slowly but surely leading his adopted charge from what might have been the educational and spiritual blight of a silent world.
Thus was the stage set. And these were the actors that were destined to enact a drama on the stage of life that still warms our hearts and inspires our efforts in behalf of children afflicted with the handicap of deafness. Mason F. Cogswell's contributions and the interest and contributions hE: elicited from others were the means of founding the first organized permanent school for the deaf in the United States.
Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet was sent to Europe for further study and came back to become the first teacher in this school. Alice. though deaf since two years of age, inspired her teachers and the entire country with her ability to learn and her educational accomplishments. However. our greatest inspiration is the story a her love and appreciation for the new world opened up to her by her instructors. This love was exceeded on Iy by her devotion to her benefactors who unfolded to
( ontinued on Page 10)

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Reading in the Advanced Department

by Kathryn V. Watson

R EADING has now come to b~ recognized as a basic subject. A subject which in itself may help or hinder the success of teaching other subjects. What child can do his work in history, geography, literature, or arithmetic if he has not mastered the fundamentals of reading? In especially prepared textbooks for the teaching of reading we now find unit~ devoted to reading skills as they are applied in other fields. It is no longer strange to find pages of arithmetic problems which help the child to better understand the meaning of sentences and para graphs of problem language. If then these fundamentals are mastered as soon as possible, better learning habits can not but be formed.
Reading is a physical process. In the beginning it is of necessity slower since the reflexes involved are not well coordinated and adjustments have not been well established~ The eye moves across the page, not in one sweep, but in a series of short spans, pausing after several words and then moving again. Experiments have shown that actual reading does not take place in the movements, but in the fixations. Consequently it must follow that the fewer fixations that are required the faster the reading rate. The aim then is coordination to such an extent as to give the maximum span between fixations.
Reading is a combin'ation of a great many skills. We well know that the whole is equal to the sum of its parts. We also know that a chain is only so strong as its weakest link. The links are the skills. The chain is begun within the first year in school and links are added in rapid succession. By the time the child has completed his years of primary training, he should have mastered the following skills:
1. Ability to express meaning ::lnd desires.

2. Ability to listen to stories and to comprehend them.
3. Ability to follow a line of thought.
4. Ability to retell a story either through pantomime or words.
5. Ability to recall experiences. 6. Ability to upply mis ing words
in rhymes and tories. 7. Ability to repeat rhymes or
brief messages correctly. 8. Ability to sense emotional
coloration in storie read. 9. Ability to dramatize simple
stories. 10. Ability to anticipate what is
coming next. 11. Ability to classify pictures and
objects. 12. Ability to carryon activities to
develop interest. 13. Ability to discriminate be-
tween sounds and formation. 14. Ability to recognize reading
situations, names of object, persons, and names of officers and employees of the school.
At the time the above skills are
completed the child will have ar-
rived at what is generally refer-
red to as the wide-reading stage.
This stage normally falls within
the limits of the Intermediate and
Advanced departments. The skiils
which are developed in the wide-
reading stage are as follows:
1. Ability to look for thought in all reading.
2. Ability to get thought from the printed page.
3. Ability to read with the proper speed.
4. Ability to read in thought units.
5. Ability to master new words. 6. Ability to organize material. 7. Ability to appreciate literature. 8. Ability to memorize. 9. Ability to get es ential thoughts
quickly. 10. Ability to read and reproduce. 11. Ability to read maps, graphs,
diagrams, and drawings. 12. Ability to use the dictionary
and other reference . 13. Ability to summarize materials.
I t is needless to sa y that if the skills of both the reading stage~ are not properl y developed
through special exercises and acti-
vities, it is useless to attempt
teaching any subject whatsoever
that requires reading for under-
standing and learning.
The method of developing
skills of the wide-reading stage IS
-(8)-

necessarily different from the method of developing earlier skills. In the wide-reading stage we have a new psychological elementadolescence. This stage of development of every normal child brings the increased problems of individual differences. In order to meet these demands a greater variety of methods are needed. To obtain the best results under these conditions, reading materials are divided into units. These u.nits are based in the reading in terests of adolescen t children. Studies of children in this stage of development have shown conclu.sively that during these years of adjustment girls much prefer the fictional type of reading material and that boys prefer stories of adventure. Later girls still prefer fiction and boys prefer biography and a more abstract type of material. Units of reading must then include materials of sufficient range as to satisfy all these interests. The method of grouping stories and reading material according to interest will afford a variety wide enough to encompass the differences of a class.
Within the past twelve weeks three classes of the Advanced de. partment have had units buill around adventure and industry The first unit was a group of adventure stories and was in brief as follows:
I. Aims of the unit:
A. General aim-To create an interest in reading stories fOJ their own sake.
B. Specific objects: 1. To increase the ability of the class to read quickly and carefully. 2. To increase the vocabulary. 3. To increase the ability tC' get meaning of sentences and paragraphs.
II. Selections from various readers were:
A. Yu uf in the Apple Tree B. The Boy Who Could Give Up C. The Bowman and the Bugle,'

THE SCHOOL HELPER

Jam/ary, J941

D. An Adventure of Little Pear. A Chinese Boy
E. A Constant Tin Soldier F. A Story of Little Hannibal G. Dr. Sheldon Jackson H. William Tell I. Hannibal With The One Eye J. Clever Manka K. Ali Baba and the Forty
Thieves L. Anne Randolph, A BravE'
American Girl
III. Steps of procedure:
A. On reading days one story was given in class and im mediately after the completion of it questions and' reading exercises were given to stress one particular skill or group of skills.
B. Reading exercises were of an objective type involving the following of directions as well as indication what meaning the child had derived from the selection.
C. Vocabulary from each :;election was carefully checked and work sheets of a multiple choice type were given one day each week to check up on the comprehension of it.
D. One day each week was devoted to a summarizing test ot the materials covered.
E. At the end of the six weeks period, a general test was given over all the materials included in the unit. These tests coveTed comprehension of stories as a whole, information obtained through reading, the vocabulary involved in all stories, the following of directions, and other ~kills that were stressed during the period.
F. In addition to these stories of the unit, poems have been given from time to time along with yells and school songs to develop the ability to memorize and retain printed material.
G. Posters illustrating the poems and well known quotations were made and before being placed in the reading class room were placed on the bulletin board so that more than one particular group of children might read and perhaps become interested enough to inquire about it for themselves. Reading like any other interesting subject spreads among the children themselves. They compare work sheets in the dormitory and often two classes which have been given different assignments exchange information and are sufficiently interested to ask me questions on

the other assignment. If we expose all the children to the work being done in both departments in the advanced building we are helping to spread the information we wish to teach through a great channel of learning-innate curiosity.
IV. Outside reading assignments have been assigned to each child also. He is held responsible for the reading of at least one book in each two week period. A written read ing report is submitted by the child on each assignment and the reports are filed. This method of recording reading materials completed will be of great value in the future in that it will show accurately just what books have been read over a period of time. This file of materials read should constitute an index to the reading interests of each child individually and of the children as a group.
The second unit of reading selection was based on the industries of the world and was carried out in the same manner as the first unit. The second unit was designed particularly to stress reading for information.
A third unit has now been begun on the methods of trade over the world. This unit will stress the skill of reading for a purpose. In this unit a list of suggestions and questions are to be read before the story is read by the students. The point of the exercise being the reading to find out certain specific ideas or answers to questions. After the student has completed the assignment, the suggestions are discussed in class without written work sheets. This creates an open forum for the ideas of the class in addition to those they sought from the selection. After each such assignment study sheets are assigned to check the comprehension of the whole.
There are other most important skills to be developed in the test periods tha t Iie ahead . We still have such important ones to stres~
-(9)-

as s.ummarizing stories, outlining stones, library research assignments, dramatization of stories, and others. These will be included in the f~'ture reading units of the years in the Adanced dc partment.
Now let us turn to the othel classes of the Advanced department in which the reading fundamentals have been reasonably developed. These classes are studying literature of America and England. The most advanced class has been studying American Literature entirely. They began with Washington Irving and read two of his works, namely: Rip Van Winkle and The Legend of Sleepy Hollow. From Irving they went to Nathaniel Hawthorne, Benjamin Franklin, James Fenimore Cooper, Henry W. Longfellow, William C. Bryant, Abraham Lincoln, Mark Twain, and Edgar Allen Poe. In each instance stories were selected which were representative of the author's style and writing as a whole. The biographies of the authors and a list of their outstanding works were given to the students in hectographed form. Realizing that it was impossibk to read all the great works of each author, we have tried to connecl the greater works with each author by whom we have read one or more selections.
The next class has also had a nnit on American Literature from a different point of view. They began with a unit of nature stories written by American authors. A little later they read The Courtship of Miles Standish and presented it as a play for the student body and the faculty. At the present time they have a very simple unit on English author's which includes abridged selections taken from great English works.
In addition to the units mentioned as having been carried out in the five classes there is another unit which has been given and will be given simultaneously in all classes. This is a unit on Bible Stories. On Tuesday of each

THE SCHOOL HELPER

January, 1941

week in this third period and throughout the year, a hectographed Bible story will be given. These stories are purposely made simple so that all the thought possible may be obtained. After each story has been read it is re-

and most of the sign alphabet, 1 class last year and sent four of Its

persuaded Hillis Hollingsworth, members to college.

the superintendent's son, to intro- Work a little, playa little, try

duce me to the cute blond, who to enjoy life. It's the normal

had led the cheers that afternoon .. routine we all follow. And the

She looked even prettier in a set- deaf are no different.

ting that flatters all women. Thi:

The Atlanta Journal.

told through speech-reading and introduction was over. I had bow-

then the vocabulary, history, and the story are discussed. The aim in doing this is to further acquaint the students with ~he

ed to her and we were gliding about the floor. I racked my brain for something that I could say to her that she could understand. As

SUPERINTENDENT'S CORNER
(Continued from Page 7)

familiar stories that every heanng the mu.sic stopped it came to me. her this beautiful life and under-

child knows almost as soon as he With much vigor and in a way standing.

can talk. These stories ofFer that probably amused many on On the death of her father Dec-

much for the pleasure of the lookers, I went through the mu- ember 10, 1830, with a mind that

students who are always ahead of ~ions of leading a cheer. Then 1 had been trained to think co-

the teacher in their suggestions for pointed to her and made the sigr: herently and with lips that had

the next one.

for good. She smiled and signed been unloosed to speak, she uttered

Thus through the program I have outlined, we hope to establish the skills of reading to the end that reading may be an asset to all the other fields of learning and that the students may come to know the wider world that comes to normal people through varied reading. Reading must be understandable and above all in teresting to tbe child and in

back, "thank you."
My ego, inflated over the accomplishment of such a feat, was soon punctured. "What in the world were you making those fool motions for?" my host asked. "It looked to me as if you were giving a lesson on how to milk a cow, and besides that girl can read lips. "

her last message of love: "My heart is so grown to my father that I cannot live without him". Thirteen days later she was dead. A simple tombstone in the Old North Cemetery at Hartford, Connecticut, bears this inscription:
'United in death here rest the remains of Mason F. ,Cogswell, M.D. wh:> died December 17, 1830, aged 69 years, and of Alice C:>gswell who died December 30,

no wise as Hamlet said, "Words, words, words."

The people of Cave Spring who are attending the dance chat

1830, aged 25 years. The father distingu:shed for his private virtues, and public spirit, and his

FOOTBALL GAME PLAYEO IN SILENCE
(Continued from Page 2)

among themselves and occasionally sign to a deaf friend. For the deaf school has been in Cave Spring a long time, and most of

proof s~onal worth and the daughter though deprived of hearing and speech for her intellectual attainments and loveliness of char'-lcter. The Ameri-

are radiant in their party best; the boys act according to their nature, some gallant, some shy, some bold, some indifferent. The old folks

the merchants and townspeople have picked up the sign language.
Fun can't last forever and all hard workers need sleep. There

can Asylum fa!' the Deaf and Dumb which under Providence .owes its or:gin to the father's tenderness t:nvard his child and his sympathy for her fellow

sit around, a few patting their feet, many merely sitting and gossiping with their fingers. All of this forms a composite scene of peace and contentment.
The dance is typical of any high school or county club affair. Over there are two jitterbugs, unconscious of their admiring audience. Here in this corner are two couples dancing slowly, automatically. They'd rather look into each other's eyes. A stag comes over to break. The girl smiles and nods to her last partner, places her hand on the shoulder of her new one.
Made bold by the fact that I knew the signs for three words

are classes tomorrow which must be attended: so right around midnight the dance breaks up.
The deaf have classes just like other high schools with equal stress on academic and practical training. Tomorrow when they resume their studies, they will receive instruction in some vocation-printing' shoe repairing, wood work, barbering. But theil regular studies won't be neglected. For under the supervison of Mr. Hollingsworth, who has been head of the school since 1937, the Georgia School for the Deaf has become a fully recognized high school, which graduated its first

sufferers will stand an enduring monument to their memory."
Yes, we are grateful for The Caswell Letters for their preservation by the family, for their compilation by Mrs. Grace Cogswell Root and to Superintendent Boatner of the American School for the Deaf for their printing and distribution.
Note: It is of interest to Georgians to know that ~Ir. Lewis Weld of the Hartford :School and himself a graduate of Yale visited Georgia in 1834. He appeared before the State Assemblv meeting in Milledgeville in the inter-est of the deaf of our State. Following h s app(Iuence, Georgia appropriated her first money for this cause. ~r. Weld wa the on-in-law of Dr. :\lJason F. Cogswell.

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Among the Staff

by Juliet McDermott

M R. and MRS. JOH W. KESTER OF Fulton, Missouri and Miss Dorothy Kester, a teacher in the Alexander Graham Bell School in Cleveland, Ohio spent the holidays with Mr. and Mrs. John G. Kester of Cave Spring.
Mrs. James Carpenter and daughter, Ann, spent the holidays with relatives in Augusta.
Mr. Cecil White enjoyed hunting during the holidays.
Mr. Everett Ryle visited his family in Macon, Georgi'a during the holidays.
Mr. and Mrs. W. S. Gibbons had breakfast Christmas morning with their son and daughter, Mr. and Mrs. Wheeler Gibbons in Cedartown. The entire Gibbons family gathered at the home of Miss Fannie and Charlie Gibbons for Christmas dinner.
Mr. and Mrs. A. J. Casey J1. visited Mr. and Mrs. Pressley Cleveland of Alpine, Alabama during the Christmas holidays.
Janetta Robinson of Waco visited her aunt, Mrs. Barton Clark, during the holidays.
Miss Katharine Casey and her mother spent a day during vaca tion in Centre, Alabama as the ~uests of Mr. and Mrs. E. V. Ellis.
Mr. and Mrs. Steve Pettis and Ladye spent Christmas day in Cedartown with Mrs. Pettis's mother and father, Mr. and Mrs. D. L. Roberts.
Mr. and Mrs. Race Drake gav~ a rook party December 20. Mr. Tollefson made high score and was given a deck of rook cards. Miss McDaniel made low score and was given a luncheon set.
Miss Jimmie Rowland, a student at Montreat College, Montreat, North Carolina spent the holidays with her sister, Mrs. John L. Caple.
Mr. Parks spent an enJoyabl~ Christmas day at home playing with his children's toys.
In the con test sponsored by the Cave Spring Garden Club for home decorations at Christmas

Mr. and Mrs. R. G. Parks were awarded first prize. Mr. and Mrs. John L. Caple were awarded the second prize.
Mrs. Julia Arnold spent th~ Christmas vacation in Savannah with her daughter and oth(>r relatives.
Miss Luella Brown spent the holidays in Macon, Georgia.
Mr. Barton Clark spent several days of his vaction in Winter Haven, Flordia.
Mr. and Mrs. Parks, Miss Watson, Miss McDermott, Miss Emily Asbury, and Mr. Tip Asbury drove to Marietta the night ot December 23 to see the Christmas 1;cene on display in that city.
Mr. and Mrs. R. W. Fincher and family spent the holidays in Bowdon with Mrs. Fincher's parents.
Miss Emmalee Jones, who has a position in the North Carolina School for the Deaf, spent the holidays with her mother, Mrs. Jessie F. Jones.
Mr. Tollefson enjoyed playing t.he part of Santa Claus Christmas Eve.
Miss Mary Forbes, a student at G. S. C. W., spent the holidays with her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Fred Forbes.
Mr. and Mrs. Hubert Forbes and daughter, Phyllis, spent th~ holidays with relatives in Cave Spring.
Mrs. Vela Evans visited her mother and brothers in Crab Orchard, Kentucky during th~ Christmas holidays.
Mrs. Perry's brother, Harry Dickerson, of Detroit, Michigan visited in Cave Spring during the Christmas season.
Mr. and Mrs. Parks were dt home Christmas morning to Mr. and Mrs. Hollingsworth, Mr. and Mrs. Caple, Mr. and Mrs. Kest~r and the Kester's house guests.
Miss Dorothy Stevens spent the holidays with her parents whc live near Rome.
Miss Effie Wood and Mr. William Stewart were married Christmas eve in Cave Spring.

Mrs. J. R. Ware spent the Christmas holidays with her sister, Mrs. David, in Augusta. Mr. Ware went to Newman, Georgia to see his rela ti ves.
Miss Paris's sister, Mrs. Cletus Green, of Cincinnati, Ohio spent the Christmas vacation in Cave Spring.
OUR CHRISTMAS PAGEANT
Of somewhat unusual character was our Christmas pageant this year. Since classroom decorations and a large lighted Christmas scene on the roof of our school building depicted the usual shepherds, wise men, the manger scene, and the star in the east, it was decided to present a child's play on the night before school closed for the hoildays. The principal characters were selected from the advanced and intermediate departments but a class of pupils from the primary department appeared in one scene.
The play "Christmas Windows", was presented before the student body and an audience of friends at the Baptist Church ince at present our auditorium is inadequate for staging a play.
The stage setting was a large window through which on Christmas Eve a poor, ragged, hungry little boy gazed longing for the joys and comforts depicted within but from which he was crowded by shop keeper, church janitor, and merry makers alike. At last he was received into the bosom of a very lowly family which was gathered around a small fire listening to the Christmas Story.
At in tervals during the differen t scenes an invisible choir composea of our deaf boys and girls softly sang Christmas Carols. The effect was very pleasing and effective.
Thanks are due Miss Juliet McDermott for directing the play and Irs. Edythe Montgomery who trained the carolers, and other members of the faculty who assisted in making the evening a success.

-(11)-

Pupils' Locals

1 received a box of handkerchiefs

from IdeU Rentz after I went home

Christmas. They were very beauti-

ful. I received three boxes of hand-

kerchiefs, but I like IdeU's the best of

all. It was very sweet of her to

send them to me.

-Ruth Cook.

I went to JacksonsviUe, Florida Friday morning about ten o'clock with my family. When we got th-ere, we went to a caf-e for dinner. The negro waitress told me that my baby sister, Virginia, was very cute.
That night a cal' passed our car and almost ran over us. It was raining and I was very much frightened.
-Catherine Lang'll'.

~1y family went to Chula, Georgia to visit Aunt Maggie and her husband on Christmas Day. We had a big Christmas dinner. We had turkey an d everything good.
I surely had a good time Chl"istmas week. but I did not stay at home very much. I think that my family were much happier because Daddy has come back to live with us.
-Marjorie Lane.

On Christmas Day my two little sisters got up very early and ran to my brother's bedroom to see what Santa Claus had brought them. My
sister, Margaret, told me that we had a new bicycle. I was very much
surprised to get one. Before breakfast MaTgaret phoned my bl',other, Roy, to coma because we had a big surprise for him. When he came home, he saw the bicycle. We were very happy to have one. After breakfast I put on a warm coat and hat and rode it
around the house. ext summer I will rid a it every day. I like to ride a bicycle. I had a good time at home.
-Willene Letson.

When I got home last December, my

I'amily had moved to Leesburg, and

my father, Heywa"rd, and I worked on

the house for three days. When we

had finished it. I went hunting with my brother, Bill, and looked for squir-

rels for a long time. but did not find

any. I think that they did not like

to play in the wet.

Tt rained all day and the squirrels

went to sleep in their nest near the

creak. . ext summer I will go hunt.

ing again.

-Friedson Odom.

My brother got a new bicyc e for Christma. That afternoon I rode it on Pryor Street. A street car almost ran over me when I was riding it at a dangerous crossing. It scared me almost to death. I think that I will never ride on that street again, because too many cars and street cars go that way. If I had been run over. it would have been in the Atlanta Journal or Constitution. Some of the

pupils might have read it. I am glad that I am still alive. My mother does not know about it. If she did, she would not let me ride any more.
-Elizabeth Hornsby.

I went to the show five times during

Ohdstmas week. 'Dbey were g.ood

shows. They were Gone With the

Wind, Boom Town, The Thief of Bag-

dad, Maryland, and I Stole a Mil-

['cn Dollars. 1 had a good time at

home.

-John Hayes

This morn:ng Mr.Parks asked Friedson Odom. John Hay,es, and me to Ill( a e . catch h,is dogs. W'!: each c1ught one and took it to the dog pen. After they were in, one of them jumped over the fenca again. John SHV it. Friedson and I ran down the hill t<:l catch it, but Walter Wade -aw :t and caught it first.
-C. G. Turner

Twelve of us girls stayed at
school during the Christmas holidays. [ wrote th,rae Christmas cards to
friends. We went to Rome on Christmas day to see the movies. The name of the picture was "Oomrade X."
-~1:arre[ Martin

I've always wanted a wrist watch

and now I have one. San ta Claus

br'Jught it to me. I am "ery proud

ofi it.

-Dorothy eal

:\lotiler told me that I could keep h:use for my cousin in Trion when sch:.ol closes. :\1:y cou in came to see my family during Christmas.
-Jane Wils'On.

My s:ster Luc:lle and her husband invitad Cl~rence and me to go to the Ritz Theatre to see a movie the d1Y afta'r Christmas. The name of the pic:ure was ",,1:e]ody Ranch" .]t w:..s very intel'esting. The Ritz is a naw theatre in Gainesville. It is veTy attractive. We went there 1'01' the first tima and enjoyed seeing it very much. -K1thleen Highfield.
Some of us g:rls and boys went to Roma in the scho:>1 truck on Christ mas day. 'Ve went to the De Soto and saw "Comrade X."
-Hazel Watkins

I recaived a letter [rom my aunt and a card from Mother this mOd'n ing. I was o-lad to get them. Sunclay will ba :\10ther's birthday. I will end her a birthday c1rd.
Maybe I w'll go to l\liami. Florida, Y:rgnia. and New York next summer with :vI other. Aunt Lucy, Uncle Hyman and Bannye. I know that I will have a grand time if 1 go.
1 am having a good time at school and I am always happy.
-Jacquelin Hallman

-(12)-

Hazel, Mary, and I skated in town aU afternoon Christmas day.
I received two p'resents from Roscoe. I was surprised to get them. I received a box forom my sister, too.
A few of us girls and boys went to Rome one afternoon to see the movies. The show was very good.
-Virgini.a Gilas.

This is what I got for Christmas: a bcycle. a pail' of skates, two
I'ollntain pens, a suit, some socks, a fo::tball, a ball glove, a hall and bat. a tennis game, a tool box with tools, a. chemcraft set, some s:ory hoo' s. a big hox of candy, some orange~. apples, nuts, and a big cake.
\\'asn't Santa Claus good t:J me? --.lames Galloway.

I went homa Christmas. I stayed 11 days. 1 had a good time.
I went to Dalton to see my brother and aunt. I got me a box of craam,
a ring and a bath robe. I got a new parmanen~, a Ibox of kleenex. and some tooth powder for Christmas.
-Etta Lea Kilgore.

When we went home Christmas. l\lother met me at the bus. Then 1 went to see my sisters and brother.
'Moth1' made f.ollr 01' five cakes for Christmas. We had lots of good things to eat. We had turkey for Christmas dinner
Santa Claus brought me many nicH things.
Last Sunday I went on the bus to see tha doctor. I came back on thp. train that night.
I had a good time at home. -Vera need'll'.

o-ot some nice thino-s for Christ mas. My baby brothel' is three yearR o:d. He got a toy automob:le. He play~d with all his toys. Some people o-ave David. Jeny, and me man~' pl'esen ts. I was glad.
-Bobby Ro e

In ~ovember my fathe'l' was very

s'clc He, couldn't work for fou"

we-elis. His boss gave him $50.00 1'01'

a Christmas present. My father waR

very glad to get it so he could 1.Ju~'

food and clothes 1'01' our family. He

wi I start to work January the sixth.

He drives a Texaco tl'llck and likeR

his work very much. He has fun

with other peOlple in the town of

Dalton.

-Bill Nelson

I shot some firecrackers and ROnUL!1 candles one night. After that I went to town with Father and Mother an!l we went to the ,show. I had a goo:1 time at home.

I went to town with Father and

Mothe'I' ea.'Iy Sunday morningan-d

came back to school with Frank Pal-

mer's brother.

-Marvin Hanell.

---
5 SCHOOL

PUBLISHED AT THE GEORGIA SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF. CAVE
SPRING. GEORGIA

FEBRUARY, 1941

VOL. 41

NO.5

THE
Volume 41

SCHOOL HELPER

Cave Spring, Georgia. February, 1941

No.5

A Tribute to William J. McCanless

by IG Anus BJORLEE
uperintendent of the Maryland School for the Deal

I T was with a feeling of profound sorrow that we received a message announcing the passing of William J. McCanless at his home in Canton, Georgia, on January 20. Bill enrolled as a tuiti~n pupil at the Maryland School 111 September 1921. He acquitted himself creditably in scholastic work and successfu 11 y passed the entrance examinations for Gallaudet College in June 1925. Frail health and impaired vision forced him to discontinue college work after one year and he was invited to return to the Maryland School a:; assistant director of boys.
Boy Scout work held a particular fascination for Bill from the day of his arrival and was not regarded as a mere pastime. but received earnest consideration. Every spare momen t was devoted to some worth-while Scout pursuit. but what impressed the observer most of all was Bill's manifest pleasure at being able to render service to others. Though he diligently sought advancement for himself. he was never more happy than when he:pin~ others to solve their problems. In 1928 Bill was awarded the Eagle Badge. being the fust student of the Maryland School to attain this high rank. Unquestionably it was the zeal put forth by him that is largely responsible for the twelve Eagle Scouts that have since been developed at the tlaryland School. Later he attained the Palm Award and is one of two deaf youths in the United States to be awarded the high rank of the Scoutmaster's Key. This honor came to him in 1939. It was his good fortune to attend the Fourth World Scout

Jamboree in Hungary in 1933. and the National Jamboree il~ Washington in 1937. Besides assisting with the organization of new troops at the Maryland
William J. McCanless 1903-1941
School, he has to his credit several troops of hearing boys in his home town. Canton. Georgia. and two troops at Cave Spring: one for hearing boys and the other for deaf boys at the school where he served as crafts teacher and director of Scouting.
Bill held a teacher's certificate l' nder the Conference of Executives of American Schools for the Deaf, and attended the Convention of American Instructors of the Deaf at Berkeley. California. in 1939.

The young man will be greatly missed because of his cheerful disposition and his constant desire to be of service. The impression that will always remain is the indomitable will power with which he overcame his numerous handicaps. Deafness was but :l lesser drawback to him. He was a splendid lip-reader and possessing intelligible speech. he found little difficu.lty in mingling with the hearing world. Endowed with a frail consitution. however. it was difficult for him to accomplish many of the things which he wished to do. Faulty vision was a constant source of irritation which he bore cheerfully though it restrained him from accomplishing many of those things which were pictured in his rrind.
"hayt! y before Christmas a Jetrer W;J~ rec,.ived of which extracts ;>re Qiven here as being most revealing:
"I a'n ;- Scoutmaster "01' the Georg'a School bv mail now. Ycu mu t excuse my writing :1S I am a home and -::onfined to bed. I a:n hopeful of getting two more Scout ready fer their Eagle Award. They will take thair examjnation::> tomorrow. One boy has qualified and will receive his badge in March. I shall be very happy if 'i;hey all pass."
Scout Camp William McCanless
at Canton, Georgia. will remain a a livin2 memorial while the impetus he gave to Scouting at the Maryland School, and at the Georgia School, will keep his memory green.
Sympathy is extended to the bereaved parents whose unfailing interest was ever repaid by fond devotion.

My

Record

,
In

Scouting

by WILLIAM J. MCCANLESS

The two following a,rticles are among the last to come from the pen of the late W;lliam J. McCan:ess and were sent to ISuperintendent Holl;ngsworth only a few days befJre his de'lth. They a:re proof positive that his worl, and his boys were uppermost in his mind even nnto the last.-Ed. lote.
I N the Maryland School for the Deaf at Frederick, Maryland I was appointed Assistant Scoutmaster of Troop No. 8 on April
23, 1925. I gradu.ated from the Maryland
School in June 1925 and then entered Gallaudet College.
In the fall of 1926 Dr. Ignatius Bjorlee asked me to come back to the Maryland School to have duties in Scouting and as assistant supervisor of boys. I immediately hecome assistant Scoutmaster of Troop No.8, but about two months later I became Scoutmaster of Troop No. 16, which was <:
new troop. In the spring of 1927 I took a
Home study course in Scoutmastership at Columbia University, New York City, and graduated in June of that year.
I became very much interested in merit badge work so I started to try for the Eagle badge as soon as Troop 16 was organized and worked hard until July 29, 1929 when I received the award. Thus I became the first Eagle Scout in the Canton, Georgia Troop No. I and the Maryland School for the Deaf.
Then I became interested in the training courses in Scouting in 1927 but was unable to finish all of them for eleven years.
In 1930 I organized Canton Troop No. I with Dad Sims a~ Scoutmaster.
In 1930 the Francis Scott Ker Council in Frederick appointed me f..ssistant Deputy Scout CommisSiOner.
In 1931 I was appointed Deputy Scout Commissioner under Atlanta, Georgia Council, Canton District. In this same year I also organized a regular Scout camp, a Court of Honor and a Scouters

Club all of which proved to be wccessful. In 1932 the Camp \" as named in my honor.
In 19') 3 I attended the World Jamboree in Godollo, Hungary. where I was awarded a medal of recognition.
I was offered a position at th~ Georgia School for the Deaf in Cave Spring in September 193 '3 as assistan t supervisor and I started Scouting in that school. I was also Scoutmaster of Troop 28 p.nder Northwest Georgia Council in Rome for two years.
In 1935 I had made all preparations to attend the National Scout Jamboree, but it had to be called off on account of infantile oaralysis, so I went to Pensacola, Florida with the Northwest Georq;ia Council Scouts instead. I was instructor at the Brud Smith Camp at Cave Spring for two summers.
I stayed at home for two years and in 1937 I attended the National Scout Jamboree in Washington, D. C. That same year I instructed bandaging and artificial respiration in a Red Cross First Aid Course.
Dad Sims and I started the District Organization and had started two new troops when I was recalled to myoid job at th2 Georgia School for the Deaf. That fall I organized a new troop in the town of Cave Spring and a new troop, No. 42, at the school.
In October 1938 I took the examination on the Red Cross First Aid which I passed thus finishing all courses for the Scoutmaster's Key Award for which I had worked for eleven years. In January 1939 I was awarded the Key and was the second deaf Scout in the United States to receive it.
I was taken ill in the summer of 1939. In April 1940 I wa~ awarded the Lewis H. Beck Medal for outstanding meritorious service by the Atlanta Council.
I have earned a total of 44 merit badges, but I am still working on several more. When I get
-(2)-

well enough to go back to ewe Spring, I am going to start .) senior troop for boys over 15 or 16 years old and also a cub pack for boys from 9 to 1 I years of age.
A. SHORT HISTORY OF TROOP NO. 42
I N October 1931 Trcop No. 28 wa~ org;Jnized with Troop Committee Chris Smith. John Caple and Stahl Butler: Bill McCanless was made Scoutmaster ilnd Wayne Upchurch and Morris Stephens were a-sistants. The troop was very successful until I 935. During this time the troop won the Court of Honor Sheepskin for having the largest num bel' of Scouts in attendance at the Court of Honor twice in succession. Scoutmaster McCanless did not return to Cave Spring for two years and during his absence the troop was dropped. If it had attended the Court of Honor for th.~ third time it would have receiveo the Steerhorn A ward.
Mr. Alex Patterson, who was the Scout Executive of the Northwest Georgia Council, received a better offer and removed to North Carolina. Mr. Freeman Self of Atlanta became the Scout Exective in Mr. Patterson's place. During the absence of Scoutmaster McCanless a group of hearing boys in Rome organized a new troop and was given the numeral 28 which had been the number of the troop of deaf boys. When Mr. McCanless reeturned he was very much disappointed that he could not reorganize a new troop under the same numeral because it had been one of the best troops in the council.
The new troop was organized with John Gough, John Welles, John Caple, and C. H. Hollingsworth as troop committee, Bill McCanless, Scoutmaster and George Mock and Robert Shaffer as assistants. As soon as the troop
(Continued on Page 9, Column 2)

Bill McCanless

Eagle Scout. Assistant Scoutmasrer, Scoutmaster, Commissioner. Merit Badge Councellor, A Friend by WEAVER M. MARR

W ORDS fail me as I attempt to speak of the life and virtues of Bill McCanless. It has been my good fortune to have known him a little less than five years.

an active capacity. The last time I saw him was on a visit to his room in the Emory Hospital before Christmas. The moment I entered his room a great smile

Whereby there came to the attention of the orthwest Georgia Council, Boy Scouts of America that one of the leading Scoutmasters of .;he Council having passed on to '~he Scout-

Through these years I have been privileged to learn a great deal about his spirit, his aspirations. his ideals and what Scouting meanr

covered his whole countenance, and he was overjoyed to see me again. We talked about Scouting, for there was little else mOle

master of all good Scouts and that this loss is severely felt by this group;
Therefore, be it :resolved that the orthwest Georgia Council,

to him. I have never known one who gave such tangible proof of the effect of the spirit of ScoutinJ upon his life. It was so genuine

important to him. He still had faith and hope that there was more yet for him to do in this, to him, great spiritual program.

Boy Scouts of America, feeling a deep sense of loss on the passing of Bill McCanless, extend to his parents their profound sympathy; and that a copy of

so sincere, that one marveled at it.

It seems to me that, as I think

caught its influence and went out of the moment he passed into the

to give it to others.

richer fields of service, there came

this resolution be sent to Mr. and Mrs. McCanless as an ex-
pression of this feeling.
FREEMA E. SELF

Canton, Bill's home town, can never adequately honor him. A monument in marble would not be sufficient. Nothing material cou.ld possibly show succeeding generations all that he contributed and meant to the youth of the city and surrounding country. Even though he may have labored under physical handicaps they did not hamper him in his devotion to thz ideal of making stronger characters ;lmong the youth and training for a more consecrated citizenry.
Somewhere in my files I am snre I have letters from Bill in which he poured out his heart to me when hours of discouragement came to him: when he felt that th.:

from his hands a visible torch, typifying Scouting, which he expected someone to catch and carry on. Perhaps he expects us all to share it. Wherever Bill is tonight-perhaps on a campground where his fondest dreams have been more than realized-we wish to assure him that we will keep his memory always fresh, remember his unselfish, Scout-like service and try to do a real bang-up job for his sake.
Bill, it is great to leave behind such a priceless record of service. We know you have already heard the ~ell-earned verdict: "Well Done.
Atlanta Council Messenger

For the Scouts and Scouters of the orthwest Georgia Council,
B. S. A. ----
THE STATUE OF LIBERTY
T HE Statue of Liberty is mad~ of bronze. It was made by
Frederic A. Bartholdi and given to us by France on August 5, 1884, because the French wanted to show the friendship between the two countries. It was located on Bedloe's Island in New York Harbor on October 28, 1886.
It is the largest statue ever made. The right arm holds a great torch and the left grasps a tablet on which is the date of the Declaration of Independence. The Statue cost about $250,000. The

road was rough, when men were

Statue is about 350 feet from th~

apparently indifferent to his pleas, ilnd there was little progress. Yet, To:

foundation to the top of the torch and weighs 150,000 pounds. The

he would always conclude that he Me. and Mrs. E. A. McCanless head will hold forty persons.

never expected to give up, for his

Canton, Georgia

The torch held twelve people.

faith was too strong to allow him to give up Scouting. Scores oi boys and young men in Canton and Cave Spring, where he organized and served as Scoutmaster of a Troop, will bear witness to the noble and sacrificial spirit of thi~ great Scouter.

The Northwest Georgia Council of the Boy Scouts of America at its Annual Meeting held January 28, 194 I passed the following resolution in honor of the fine work done by Scoutmaster Bill McCanless and directed the Scout Executive to forward a copy of

Lately people are not allowed in
the torch. It has a stairway from the foot
to the hand so that people who want to see it, can go in and look out over the city of New York.
In the night there are some lights so the people who live in other buildings, or hotels or apartments

Dnring his last illness Scoutin b th2 resolution to you as an expres- can see it and it looks very pretty. dominated the thoughts of Bill. sion of their appreciation and It is over 55 years old.

He relived his past. He worked gratitude for the irreplaceable loss It was very nice of France to

and planned for the future. He al- which was occasioned by his un- make this friendly gesture toward

ways felt that again an opportuni- timely death. The resolution fol- the United States.

ty would come for him to serve in lows:

--Just Once AMon/h.

-(3)-

From the Primary Department

T v:.o HE BABIES ha.ve had a nderful time thiS month party-
Ing.
The tea sets and telephones that the girls received for Christmas and a cold rainy day seem to create just the right atmosphere for a tea party and the wonderful game of pretending.
The hostess phones everybody, and very shortly the guests start arriving. I'.sually with their family of dolls in tow. Each guest knocks on the door, is greeted by the hostess. seated and given a cup of tea and some cake. She chats awhile. then gathers up her family, bids the hostess good bye. and departs. Contrary to the supposed rule. the boys enjoy these parties just as much as the girls do ~nd are very conscientious about seelllg that the ~irls are seated and served.
The children have absorbed a great deal in the way of manner~ and have picked up a number o~ words in soeech without any preliminary drill, such as, hello, yes, no. thank you. and 'bye.
One day Mrs. Kennard gave us some odds and ends of fragile chin.a teasets, which the children think are especially elegant because no two are alike. When I am working on speech and the children have finished their written work, they may play with these dishes. and our one knife. fork, and spoon. provided they do so quietly.
During this period the children usually set the table and cut and eat their food. Our shortage of silverware would be appalling to some tables. but in the classroom it has been a decided advantag~. The children in turn pretend to cut and ea~ their food and then pass on the knife, fork, and spoon. The child eating is tbe center of attention, while eight others watch him to see that he does it correctly.
This game demands that . the children be careful and dextrous in

their handling of the dishes il~ order that they play quietly, and also seems to have helped solve problems in the dining room. The children are very much interested now in cutting and managing their food independently, and, if on occa:;ion I cut any child's meat. there is u')uall y a teasing cry of .. Baby. Caby," from all the others. Conseqrently, the children usually do cut 1'0 tr.eir own meat, which, to me s ems oretty good for anybody "g:::ing on six."
-Katharine Casey.
Mrs. Arnold described in the December i-~ue of the HELPER the way that the map of Georgia is drawn on heavy cardboard and the children's homes designated on the r'lo. This is done as soon as the children know their names in reading. Marvin's home. Alma's 'v'me. etc. are printed on small clrd- with tabs which can be sliprv,-j into slits on the map. Each chile! en readily find the star that m~-ks thz location of his home. If a child's parents move to a n~w rlace while he is at fchool. a icture of a moving vall is shown, his new home located. and hir. name card moved.
In oder ro get in sentence comprehensi'Jn. I have the following clipped to the map:
Marvin lives in ewnan. Alma. lives in Macon, W. C. lives in lacon, too,
etc.
My home is in Alabama, and soon I am going to introduce the United States map. I am going to show them on the Georgia road map that certain teachers, whose homes they see when they go for walks, live in Cave Spring; Mrs. Irwin lives in Cedartown, where they go to the dentist; Mrs. Arnold lives in Savannah, which is quite a distance from Cave Spring. Before I present the United States map, I will draw on cardboard an outline map the exact size vf Georgia on the big

United States ma:p. When I present it. I will put the duplicate map on top of Georgia on the big map and show them that my home is not in Georgia. Then I will show them where my home is in Alabama and call attention to the shape of the Alabama map. In this way, the children will begin to have an idea that there is a difference in the shape of these things called states. The postmarks of my letters and theirs will also show a difference.

I keep cli ped to the map a

picture of a road with trees on

each side. U ndei' thiro picture are

______ went home

.

______ came home

.

One of my pupils goes hon~e often in a little red truck. I have a picture of a red truck which I pLice on the road and pretend th~t Lou.ise is going home. Then I turn the truck around and pretend that she is coming back. In this way the meaning of these two sentences is simplified and visualized.

Last week one of the children brought a toy telephone to the classroom. Each child took turns coming up. pointing to his home on the map, :lnd pretending to call hi_ mother. The children can say. "Mama, Daddy, No. I love you. and 'Bye". The calls caused QUill.' a bit of excitement. and we had lots of fun watching the facial expressions of the different children. -Elizabeth Barnes

We know that it takes a great many re~etitions for deaf children to get words so thoroughly established in their minds that they actuall y become part of then vocabularies and, with this thought in mind, we have placed an unusl'.ally large amount of reading matter in our building for the children to "absorb." All rooms and much of the furniture have been labeled with cards printed in the same type that is used in the classrooms.

-(4)-

THE SCHeOL HELPER

February /94/

Would you like to make a tour of the Primary Building? Well.
let's start just outside the front entrance where you are asked very politely to please wipe your feet.
Inside. the reception ha'l is the first pl<:ce we see. In fron t of us i~ the dininq room. and back of that the kitchen. To the left of the entrance hall is Mrs. Kenn'1rd's offce. and on the other side Wi:. will find the hearing aid roam. Farther to the left. we see the boys' playroom. and at an equ,tl
distance to the right is the girls' playroom. We will cross one of these playrooms and go down the hall toward the boys' bedroom.
On the left of this hall we see th" teacher's rest room. and on thr right the h'1throom and the howe- room displaying cards saying R-IJ~h !I')ur teeth. Take [jour bath. Take a shower, etc. ext is th'? mop and broom closet with il~ contents carefully labeled. Here is the locker room, and you will
notice that each locker has Tom's locker or John's locker on the front. Now let's go into the bedroom. Tom's bed and John's bed are as easily located, for these cards are attached to each bed. Across the room, you see Afiss Prawn':' bedroom and Mis, f3rown'~' bathroom.

The other bedrooms are ar-
ranged and labeled in the same way, so we will go up the stairs and down the hall to the classrooms. If you will look insid~ one. you will see that each chair i~ lilbeled This is Mary's chair. or Thi~ is Ruth's chair. The teacher's chair. as well as her desk
and table are as clearly marked.

It is easy for the children to Jearn to deliver necessary messages for they are taught the names of the teachers, and if a boy is sent for Miss Casey he can see at a glance that this IS Miss Casey',; c'assroom.

It is necessary for the children

to know all these names and places,

ilnd we have found it very help-

ful and quite a valuable time-sav-

inC' plan to present them in this

way.

-Jim Irwin.

What can a young deaf child be taught about God? Very little, but that little is a beginning. From the first day of school a Bible is kept in view and labeled ~ he Bible. The teacher clasps it In her hands during the silent prayer at the beginning of each day. She shows the word God in the Bible. The frequency of its occurrence in the first three chapters of Genesis and its numerous repetitions all through make the game ,?f finding it surprisingly Interestmg. Of course it means nothing at first; it is just something to lo;)k for.
Our first prayer is
I love Mama. I love Daddy. I love God.
Amen.
This is put up before the class and is used as reading before the children can speak it. The teacher repeats the prayer each morning. and as the children learn it, they join in voluntarily. The meaning of the verb love is taught and the word found in the Bible. The mother or teacher who passes from a happy "I love you," with the child to an illuminating "God loves you, too. God loves me." conveys far more than words.
Other fv ndamental facts are taught as occasions arise. Every one must be taught with care in a setting that makes it important to the child. The following are among the first taught:
There is one God. God is good. God is lov~. He loves us. We love Him. God hears us. God sees us. God knows all things.
The deaf child needs to know, too, what God expects of himand of other people. Up to this point he is an unmoral creature, doing right because he happens to want to, or is under compulsion. but never from recognition of hi:.; own responsibility for right-doing. He has no idea that there arc rules which apply to him and to grown people equally. We grad-
-(5)-

ually lead him to an understanding of the following:

no good. Be kind. Obey God. Obey your mother .-nd :-athcr. Love one another.
Speak the truth. Give thank unto God. Wor hip God.

As a help in C'l'Jtin;:; rev::,-:nc( and inspiring awe for the omnipotence of a higher power it is well to have the children make animals. flowers, etc. of clay, paper, and other materials and compare them with animals that are aLive-a fish, a bird, some of their pets at home; a beautifuj flower: compare a doll with a child and a toy animal with :; live one. Have the children name or point out, in the classroom things that men made and then enumerate the things that are made by God. By this time thl ~hildren are ready for the followmg verse:

God made the sun, the moon, the stars,
He made the sky and sea; He made '~he trees, the f"ras , .he flowers, He made both you and me.

An <lttitude of reverence for .1

bed-time prayer is taught. The

teacher presents the prayer anJ

teaches the meaning of it. The

printed form is placed in various

places in the children's bedrooms,

and the supervisors cooperate ill

having the children say their

prayers each evening.

The blessing is printed and

placed in the dining room where

all can see it. After the children

are able to speak it, they take

turns leading. It is a joy to

watch the five and six-year-olds

join in with their little voices and

give thank...

-Vela Evans.

Jn connection with our weather report each morning we have just begun reading the thermometer.
At first I drew a large thermometer all the blackboard. I used red chalk for mercury and
(Continued on Page 10, Column 3)

THE SCHOOL HELPER
-------------------------- --------

February 1941

THE SCHOOL HELPER

All communications should be addressed to the School Helper, Cave Spring, Georgia.
Published monthly during the school year in the printing Department of the Georgia School for the Deaf.
Entered at the Post office at Cave Spring, Georgia, as second class matter ovember, 1899. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided in Section 1103. Act of October 3, 1917. Authorized October
31, 1918. Subscription price is fifty cents for eight issues.

C. H. HOLLINGSWORTH

. . . Editor ex-officio

JOHN L. CAPLE_

.

.

Editor

NELL A. GIBBONS. . .

. . .Assistant Editor

MARIE KENNARD . . .

. . .Associate Editor

BARTON CLARK

. . . . Printing Instructor

Vol. 41

February. 1941

No.5

T HIS issue of the HELPER is dedicated to the memory of Bill McCanless, a former student and for a number of years Scoutmaster and Vocational teacher. On other pages of this paper will be found te5timony of the fine work Bill did in Scouting. Here we would like to say that he also reflected credit on our Vocational department as a teacher. Bill first started handicraft work as a part of his Scout program. His exhibits brought praise from Scout leaders all over the State. We soon found that he had the special ability to teach craft work and simpl~ shop work to younger boys. so the idea of pre-vocational general shop work for our school was born. Bill's interest and enthusiasm soon made this one of our prized departments and sold us on the idea of making it a permanent part of the schoor The boys in our Vocational shops today are better prepared because of the early training they received from Bill.

SOMEONE has said that "character is what you are;
'- personality is what you seem to be." The word character refers to the sum of traits and habits that make up a person's metal and moral being. Personality, although the word itself is often used synonymously with character. is entirely different. For instance, two persons may have similar characters, yet one of them may have a more pleasing personality than the other. Personality is more closely associated with social situations and is the effect that one's traits of character has upon those with whom he comes in contact. In most cases an outstanding personality has as its foundation an admirable character.
The best characters are found in persons who not only achieve good characters. but also influence others to better living. Each individual is measured partlY by what is within him and partly by the effect he produces on his associates.
A teacher of deaf children needs more than an ordinary share .,f strength of character and personality.

There is never a moment when some child's eyes are not fixed upon her. taking in much more than the lip reading or arithmetic she is teaching. Character is developed among the young largely by their contacts with adults whom they respect and admirt~. They pay the closest attention to qualities of character which they admire or detest.
One of the most impelling motives possessed br an y normal child is the desire to imitate his elders. The parents, the teacher. and the doctor are the types of persons who are rated the highest by childish standards, as can readily be proved by watching a group of children absorbed in their games of dramatic imitation. The child's nature craves the presence of strong "grown-ups". If there is one fundamental need common to all children. it is a sense of stability and security.
Every teacher aspires to be a master of her profession: otherwise. she is not a teacher in the true sens., of the word.
The master teacher is she who yearns for the pupil's growth- physical. mental. social, and spiritual -to the end that each may lead a more serviceable life.
The position of teacher involves a heavy responsibility. Education today concerns itself with the all-round happy and satisfying development of children. It includes the steady cultivation of sound bodies and personalities as well as special aptitudes and interests. It includes helping children to a deeprooted social consciousness that is essential to character and citizenship. It, of course, includes giving children a mastery of those aspects of a common school education which are necessary to effective living in the world as it is. Teachers who wish to be su.ccessful in this broader type of education must possess character and personality in the highest degree.
-Marie Kennard.
P LA S are now in the making for a Boy Scout Cabin to be erected on the hillside back of the shoo building facing Little Cedar Creek. This cabin is to be a memorial to Bill McCanless. It is bein~ given by Bill's parents, Mr. and Mrs. E. A. McCanless of Canton. Mr. McCanless. an outstanding business and civic leader in Georgia, has a deep and devoted interest in Scouting. He befieves that Scou.t work is one of the greatest helps to a deaf boy.
In addition to the Scout Cabin. they are setting up a fund that through the years will help many deaf boys realize their dreams of wearing a boy Scout uniform.
Ralph White. a Senior and a high ranking Scout "t the G.S.D., withdraws his article, Our School. t:) make place for the splendid tribute to Bill McCanless by Weaver M. Marr, in The Atlanta Council Messenger.

-(6)-

Superintendent's Corner

A

HIS issue of the

Good T HELPEF is dedi-

Scout

cated to William J. (Bill) McCanles~

who departed this earthly vale

January 1.9, 1941. His very

name in Georgia is synonymous

wit!: consecrated Scouting.

Through the many boys whom

he trained, State Scout executives

and officials and educators of the

deaf throughout the country who

knew him and his work. his ex-

ample and influence will continue

to flourish. Who can measure the

worth of a good Scout leader.

Only He who blesses boys with

the stuff that men are made of-

He who glorifies His humbl~

servants devoting their lives to the

developmen t of these boys.

Bill was a good Scout, a tireles~ and efficient Scoutmaster and withal a princely gentleman. He became interested in Scouting while attending school in Maryland. True to his quality of perseveranc~ and zeal. he forged right ahead to become one of the country's first deaf Eagle Scouts.

In this great new interest, young McCanless found his life's work. Fond and indulgent parents afforded him every educational opportunity in surmounting the obstacle of the deafness handicap. He traveled extensively in this country and abroad. It is doubted that there are many hearing people who could have made better use of these opportunities as a preparation for service to oersons less fortunate than themselves. It remained for the Georgia School for the Deaf and his native State to reap the benefits of his most fruit ful days. This was entirely in keeping with his heart's desire. It was he Who installed in the Georgia School a live functioning Scout Troop and a manual arts department for small boys. Through this medium. he brought to the deaf boys of this state wholesome advantages that he formerly had bad to seek for himself elsewbere.
It had always been Bill's hope, and that of his parents. to see the

Georgia School for tbe Deaf render service commensurate with that of the service rendered by the better of similar institutions in other states. It is poetic justice that he lived to see the start of our present new building and expansion program. For more than a year prior to his death. he was confined to bis home and could not personall y inspect the progress. His fatber. Mr. E. A. McCanless, on a recent visit while viewing our new shops and our adequate and safe school buildings and dormitories. with tears in his eyes and a tremor in his voice remarked. "I wish Bill had lived to see all this". Bill. through an inner consciousness, did see it all and he did rejoice exceedingly. Thus ended a highly meritorious life.
We bid you adieu, Bill, but not goodbye.

Deaf Drivers

T HROUGHOUT the United States,

there has been

mu.ch unfair discrimination against

the deaf in matters affecting their

szainful employment. Especially has

this discrimination hurt the deaf

in states where the handicap of

deafness barred one from legally

qualifying for an automobile dri-

ver's license. The very fact that

this damaging hindrance and in-

terference with the progress and the

well-being of the deaf has been

proved a hoax and an unfounded

preju.dice, all the more behooves us

to "sell" tbe trained deaf man and

woman to the world employer.

The fight carried on by tbe LPF to enlighten the public regarding the deaf man's and woman's ability to operate an automobile is a momentous step in thaI direction. The October issue of The Mt. Airy World carries an article from the Keystone MotoriM entitled "Deaf Lead in Safe Driving". This enlightening bit of news appearing in a publication in nowise connected with the deaf. but greatly concerned with "safety on our highways" is as follows:

-(7)-

"Believe it or not, the deaf are the safest drivers on Pennsylvania highways!
In the last two years one minor acciden't has been chalked up against the approximately 600 deaf motorist holding operators' license~ in the state. And that occurred when a so-called normal driver collided with the parked car of a deaf man.
The two year figures reveal the accident ratio between 1101'mal drivers and those who can neither hear not speak showing a safety factor of 28 to l. In other words, while 3.9 per cent of all physically normal operators were involved in accidents in a given year only one-seventh of one per cent of deaf were similarly concerned.
Credit for this amazing safety record of deaf drivers, according to Revenue Department officials, must be given first to the operator himself who is invariably more cautious than his more fortunate fellow motorist; second, to the Pennsylvania Motor Police who conduct examinations of this type with great care and understanding, and,
last, to the State Deaf Committee, whose endorsement is necessary before a cleaf person may obtain an operator's license."

AboUl

THE January is-

Hearing Aids

sue of the West

Virginia Tab-

let very timely contributes practi-

cally all of its pages to the evils of

the indiscriminate and unwise

buying by the parents of expensive

hearing aids for their deaf chil-

dren. Ir. addition to a strong

editorial. the paper carries articles

on this subject by ELwood A.

Stevenso'1, superintendent of the California School for the Deaf and

the editor of the Iowa Hawkeye.

We hope for the benefit of our Georgia parents to furnish some information on this subject in the near future. In the meantime, parents, bewa're the glib-tongueJ salesman until it is specifically determined that your child will benefit by the use of a hearing aid. We are rapidly improving our facilities in this field and feel that we can bidy safely guide you.

Alumni News
by WILLIAM JEFFERSON SCOTT

W E are sorry that there was .no news in our corner dunng January. It seemed as if the writer had run out on the draft. It has been said that the readers want some gossip added here. I am not a woman and have never had a chance to gain the proficiency they have acquired along. this line, ;'owever here I come with something I hope that I won't get
blamed for.
What (he Deaf ate doing and their
Hobbies
Mr. Esteben Ward, as you all t now. used to be Presiden t of the G. A. O. At that time he surely did put up a hard fight with the Republican party and gained some ground where the grass never grows. Esteben is a pressman by trade and is employed at th~
adem Pre~f in Decatur, Georgia. He lives in. the ci.ty o~ A~lanta. while he praetlces his skl11 m another place. They say that this guy can take an old press that has been in t":e junk pile and make :l million dollar press out of it. It is l'.ndersrood that he uses axle grease and ladies' face powder to color his ink. No wonder Esteben i such a g:)od pressman that the paper and ink salesmen are alw~ys giving him cigars for braggmg about their products. On the other hand he has a wife and a fine boy who has passed his sixth birthday. His nickname is Lyn. Esteben has a fine hobby, too. He spends the summers down in South Georgia, eating all the fried chicken his friends care to cook for him. He always tries to bring back the biggest fish story he can concoct.
And here is another one:
Mr. Leonard McLean is one of the finest automobile machinists in the city. They say that he never leaves J car in the garage. Mr. McLean is employed at the Wadi> Motor Company. He has been wi th them for several years. He does not make your car ride wloothly. he makes it float in th~

air after J complete check up. The trouble with this guy is, he always tears dov" the motors looking for a rusted piston ring or a loose nut in the ho:e pipes. After assemblying the motor block ready for a test sometimes the motor fails to run. Well, back under the hood and under the car he is apt to find he has left out half of the motor parts. His chief hobby is hunting but he rarely keeps up with the season due to the fact that he is on six days working shift. He has a fine bird dog and a Mercury. Mr. McLean married the writer's classmate. the former Louise Hitchcock. who was voted the "Eeautiest"-during her school days. Mrs. McLean is employed at the Arrow Shirt Company. That is the only place this lady likes to work. She has been trailing up and down town to work for more than ten years. She says the Arrowstyles a:e the best for the wel! dressed man, but her husband wears work shirts. Thi" lady knows mO;'e about men's shirts than they do themselves. For all of the mi!lions of shirts she has made she never sews a button on Me. McLean' s shirts. She likes all outdoor sports but it is hard to state which is her real hobby.
Still another one:
Mr. Ernest Hartsfield is the little ki. II of all fishermen and frog hunters. Mr. Hartsfield i~ a printing pressman by trade. He i~ employed at Higgins-McArthur PrintinF Company. This little fellow is one of the smartest pressman yOIl ever knew. He has his boss to buy his ink already mixed and the stock stacked in a straight pile where it won't slide in and out. He has the janitor oil the press from end to end, and the stoneman has the forms weil planned where it won't need any "Work-ups". He gets his form on the press with an outline map with spots on it. The meaning of these .;pots is a cede that we readers do not understand. All ready to go, he pulls l'p a box and sits by the
-(8)-

press and d earns of those big fish he is hopino to catch in the summer, and frogs that won't be singing their songs any more. When there is a fish story to be printed he holds up the press and reads the story first before proceeding with the ;",b and if the location is a good fishinq qround he stops the press and fipishes the job afterwards. So this gu.y has a trade and ;:j hobby all in one. Mr. Hartsfield hilS a beautiful wife and two fine children.--a boy and a girl-named Howard and "Dot". Howard is five years old, goes to school and comes home at night telling his t"l3rents something they did not 'e;)m whl1e they were in schoo!. "Dot" is a cute little runt-stays lt home and helps her mama with the house work. Mrs. Hartsfie!d :'llways sees that the old man gets his corn bread and butter milk.
One more for this time:
Mr. Horace Tavlor is a printer who is employed a t the Stein Printing Company. It seems that he knows something about the "A's" and "Z's" and is always ::\rguing with the proof-readers When he l!ets a proof with railroad marks which calls for revised oroof, he just takes the whole form on the galley to the proof reader to be corrected and gets the "O.K." stamped on the galley Horace is the new t-e;:Jsurer of the Frat, Atlanta. Division No. 28 and uses the railroJd time tables to keep the records straight. It seems that this guy must be related to bears as his hobbies are loving tl~ sleep and eat. Mrs. Taylor was an Oklahoma Queen before her marriage. While here on a visit one summer Mr. Taylor decided that this lady could cook the best western steaks while Mrs. Taylor nill thinks that the southern steah needs some one to cook it and this is how it started and ended.
We have just organized one of the finest bowling teams in the
(Continued on Page 10, Column 2)

BiII McCanless, Scout Leader

by FREEMA SELF. Scout Executive orthwest Georgia Council

T HE reco~ds at Scout HeadQuarte-s show that William J. McCanless first became registered as a SC'1ut Leader on April 23. 1925, at Frederick. Maryland and maintained a continuous registration record to the time of his passing. His was the long servic~ record of over fifteen years as a commissioned Scout Leader. He became an Eagle Scout. the highest rank of Scouting, on July 9, 1929 and in Januarv, 1937 was awarded the Scnu tmaster's Key, the highest award which can be awarded to a Scoutmaster, which requires at least five years of service as Scoutmaster, completion of many training courses and camp experienc~ with his Troop. In 1940 he was awarded the William H. Beck medal for outstanding service to boys.
Thi~ i, a remarkable record. The Eagle Badge was earned at a time when there were very few rl~;1 f E'QIc Scouts. The Eagle Badge is very difficult, and usually takes several years to earn. Nationally, approximately just two percent of all Boy Scouts attain the ranl-: of Eagle Scout-this face alone demonstrates the difficulty of the badge and the tremendous energy shown by Bill McCanless in accomplishing tasks requiring self-expression and knowledge as well as physical skills.
The Scoutmaster's Key IS an honor attained by few men. Only five have ever earned it in this Council, and, as far as we know. his is the only one ever earned by one who is deaf. This badge requires the completion of manv training courses conducted usually with written examinations.
We are unable to say how many boys came under the influence of Bill McCanless, directly or indirectly. Not only did he operate his own Troop, but he personally organized ~everal Troops for hearing boys which are still carrying on and which will continue in thl.:

years to come to serve another generation of boys because of Bill's organization. Certainly the figure must run into hundreds of lads, many of whom. are now grown that have looked to Bill for leadership and guidance. To the last he kept in constant contact with each of the large number of Scouts at the Georgia School for the Deaf by letter, encouraging them in Scouting and keeping a record of aII testf passed.
Bill's life was a full one. Although leaving us at a comparatively early age, we like to think that actually he lived a long and nseful life. crowding into a few years a life-time of accomplishment. He was an inspiration to all of us and will remain so in the years to come. His enthusiasm, consecration to ScoutinS!: and boys. and his smiling cheerful face will live a long long time in the memories of those who were fortunate in knowing and loving him.
A SHORT HISTORY OF TROOP NO. 42
(Continued frcm Page 2)
was organized. we immediately went to the Brud Smith Camp for the week-end which was enjoyed very much.
In November 1937 we started to attend the Court of Honor every month and we never missed a meeting except during the summer vacati:)n. Two out of th", 3 7 SCO\lt~ in our troop were awarded honor bars from President Roosevelt for training new Scouts durin~ a contest which was held from December I to January 3 I. Tb.e two boys to receive the award were Laroy Garner and Ralph White. Presentation of the bars was made in chapel services. In February 1937 we gave 3 demonstration before the Faculty Club. We also had a display in one of the store windows in Rome which attracted a lot of attention.

April I 5 to I 7 the troop went to the Brud Smith Camp for an outing. All the Scouts wanted to stay in camp for a week but tbe school closed April 30 so it was impossible to stay longer.
In October 1938 twelve or more Scouts were taught how to build brid~e~ without the use 01 nails. At the Court of Honor Mr. Self and the committee w('~e so ple?sed with our work that we passed Pioneering Merit Badges. Mr. ~('ff ;l~ked us to give him several b-idqes for the e~xhibition which we were very glad to do
In March 1939 Laroy Garner. Byron J\vant and Jack Sellers became Life Scouts at the Court of Honor.
In the .~"mmer of 1939 Scoutmaster McCanless was taken sid, and wa~ I'nable to return to the school in the fall. Race Drake. who W;J, the first Eagle Scout at Arkansas School for the Deaf. took his place.
Durinp- the summer of 1940 Mr. McCanless instructed several of the Scouts by corresoondence s,) that Larov Garner finished his Eagle renuirements Au~ust 20 ar..d Byron Avant finished h:s September 8.
Since Troop 42 was organized we have earned between 170 and 200 merit badC!es. We have three Life SCOl.t~. five Star Scouts. one First c1'~~ Scout. 10 Second class Scouts rrl 12 Tenderfoot Class Scouts \Ve are lookin o forward to hav;n" our Life Scouts becoml? Eagle Scouts in March since two) of them. Ralph White and Jack Sellers. hck only one or two tests and the other. Carl Barber. lacks only six or seven merit hldges.
Horace Johnson, Ralph White. Laroy Garner. Jack Sellers. Byron A va nt. George Moc!<.. Robert Shaffer ;Jnd Arnold Bustin be longed to our old original troop No. 28.

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Among the Staff

by KATHARI E CASEY

MR. and Mrs. Carpenter and daughter Anne spent Sunday, January 26, in Jacksonville, Alabama with Mr. Carpenter's cousin, Miss Fitz.
Mrs. John Caple's attractive apartment was the scene of a lovely tea January 30. Among the out-of-town callers were Mrs. L. E. Bassett of Cedartown, Mrs. Don Powers, and Mrs. Collie Powers of Rome. Mrs. W. W. Gibbons of Cedartown, Mrs. Rolfe Kennard and Miss Katharine Casey assisted the hostess in entertaining.
Mrs. Gibbons and the A class of the Intermediate Department had a very delightful visit to the Hollingsworth's apartment one afternoon the latter part of January. Much to their surprise Mrs. Hollingsworth had prepared lovely refreshments which were greatly enjoyed by all.
Miss Sophia Nichols was the week-end guest of Mr. and Mrs. Drake Janu'ary 18. Then Mrs. Drake went to visit her family and stayed all day January 22. She has never lived on a farm, but she learned a lot about it. She thinks that rural life would be very attractive.
Superintendent and Mrs. Hollingsworth were entertained at din ner recently by Mrs. Mamie McDaniel and daughters, Misses Edna and Annie McDaniel.
Mr. and Mrs. Fred Forbes and Mrs. Jessie F. Jones spent Sunday, February 2, in Duluth, Georgia with relatives.
Mrs. Evans had the opportunity to inspect the paper mill at Cedartown February 7. She accompanied Miss Willie Ruth McKinney and Mrs. Kennard.
Mr. and Mrs. Barton Clark went to Atlanta February 8 and spent the day.
Mr. Tollefson almost went 011 a wild goose chase to Knoxville the first of February. A proposed meeting of Coaches of the Southeastern Schools for the Deaf was postponed at the last minute and

he received a telegram notifying him just as he was about to leave.
The meeting will be held at Cedar Springs, South Carolina on the 15th which he expects to attend.
Cecil White went to Atlanta with Mr. Tollefson, Walter Wade and Jack Hitchcock February 8 and went bowling with some of his deaf friends.
Mr. and Mrs. John Caple were guests for luncheon February 8, their wedding anniversary, at the home of Misses Edna and Annie McDaniel.
Mrs. A. J. Casey, Miss Katherine Casey, and Mrs. A. J. Casey. J r. were hostesses for the meeting of the Cave Spring Garden Club in January. A delightful and instructive film was shown through the courtesy of the Rome Coca Cola company, and was thoroughly enjoyed by all.
Miss Juliet McDermott and Miss Kathryn Watson honored Mrs. Roy Parks with a delightful birthda y dinner February 1st. There was a big birthday cake with candles and all the "Trimmill s. Other guests were Mr. Parks and Tip Asbury.
ALUMNI NEWS
(Continued from Page 8)
South for the deaf under the Atlanta Division No. 28 at the Blick Bowling Center. We have the world's largest alley in Atlanta Our team lined up with the following: Mr. L. B. Dickerson, Manager: William J. Scott, Assistant Manager: Mr. John Davis, Coach: Mr. Rush Letson, Captain: Mr. Charles Cataldo, Second Captain. along with the players and subs. It is stated that Mr. Hitchcock has such long arms that he just takes the ball and pushes the pins down for a strike. We .1'-e expecting to play against the Birmingham team on February B at Blick's Bowling Center on Houston Street behind the Candler Building. After the game
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the players and vIsitors will be entertained at dinner. It is our aim to trim the Bham's to their heels. So come and root for our team.
On February 22 the Frat will have a big party celebrating Washington's birthday at St. Marks M. E. Church on the corner of Peachtree and Fifth Streets.
A late report has it that the Atlanta Silent Club will try their stuff bowling against the Frat on February IS. Those gals will need someone to help throw the balls. Make your dates as we have enough entertainment for everybody.
We want to bowl against thl? G. S. D. How about it boys?
Mr. Ernest Herron, an active member of the G.A.D. has just recovered from the flu, after being laid up in the hospital in Talladega, Alabama. The flu has knocked out a good man y of the Atlanta deaf and the worse p'art is still to come.
FROM THE PRIMARY DEPARTMENT
(Continued from Page 5)
placed the figures to correspond with the real thermometer. The children are learning to read it and to designate the different degrees as they are called for.
I connected it with the real thermometer from the first but used the one on the bO'ard for practice in different ways.
Every morning we keep an account of the reading and include it in our weather report. In this way we are able to use warmer than and colder than naturally as expressions. This also gives more work on is and was.
-Gladys Clarl<

Pupils' Locals

How happy Idell Rentz was to know that her father harl :-ecured a good job as county inspector of highways and bridges. He thinks that they might move to Baxley before long. Idell is looking forward to the time her family will move.
February 7 Maurice Samples had an accident in Spring Creek. The basketball teams were practicing, and somebody's elbow :1truck his mouth. Several of his teeth were loosened and h:G mouth was badly cut.
Margaret Heidt was ;very sony to hear of Mr. McCanless' death. He was a fine man be::ause he helped all the boys who joined ;;he Boy Scouts while he was here. She feels as if she had lost a true friend.
Some cf the pupils gave a short program at the Kiwanis Club in Cedartown February 7. They marched and sang several Gong. They also gave some of the >chool yells. Francine Waldrop, who is the drum major, enjoyed leading the march.
The Boy Scout troop, of which Ralph White is an officer, is Gtriving hard to fullfill Mr. McCanless' dream cf turning out a great many Eagle Scouts and of making G. S. Do's treop the best in the
Torthwest Georgia Council. A plan fOI' a Scout hut is now under way. It is to be situated on the hill beyond the shop building. Mr. Eugene Mc('anless. father of the late William McCanless, gave the necessary funds for the building in memory of his son.
When we go to the Primary Building to have our meals every day, Ethel Pope has a good chance to see her baby sister, Edna. Ethel has noticed that Edna i getting bigger and bigger every day. Edna said that she would oon be a big girl like Ethel.
Dean Green was very much disgusted about losing the basketball game to Armuchee at the Spring Creek Gym February 7. Leonard and Bill will do their best ~o win the other games which .;he .;eam will play this month. Dean hope~ that the G. S. D. team will win the championship of the ieague next month.
Fred Buchanan and Bonnie Craig went heme one Friday in January and spent the week-end with their tamihes.

Reported by
Barbara Russell Mildred Scurlock Hazel MoLendon Mary Taylor Carl Barber Peggy Taylor
Freel. Buchanan l'eceive-l .'1 let.ter from Eona Allen. Inc. rf Buford February 4 !'laying that they had no work for him iust then.. but they would be glad to give him a :nlace with 'chem in ~ few weeks. Good Junk. Fred!
Mrs. Sewell took her class ;'0 Cedart::wn January 22 to learn about banking. The class visited the Commercial Bank. Louise Maynard enjoyed eeing the bank and understands more about banking now.
Our boys' and girls' ba ketball teams went to Spring Creek in our truck January 31 to play basketball. The games were the mest exciting of the season. Evelyn Doyle almost wept because Spring Creek defeated G. S. D. in both games.
Virginia Ray is rather worried that she has not received any letters or boxes from home since the ;lrst of the year. She has written to ner mother and uncle, but they have not answered her letters. She hopes she will receive some word soon.
Pauline Stith hopes that ;,he scenery this spring will be illore beautiful than last year. Winter will soon be gone. Pauline will be glad to leave off her heavy ~oat because it gives her much trouble putting it en all the time.
Susie Taylor received a sad ietter from her mother February 1. It waG about her grandmother's sickness. She has been Rick for a long time and cannot sit up by herself. Mrs. Taylor has to feed her and help her dress every morning. She is very old now. Susie loves her grandmother very much.
Louise Maynard's mother told her that her sister and brother-in-law had a new Ford. Louise hopes that they will come w see her sometime during '~he 3pring.
Annie Logan is very glad that the flu is over and that her .;hree teachers-Mr,. Montgomery, Mrs. Sewell, and iss Watson-have ;'eturned ;;0 school. '1 hey had not been in school tor several days because of flu.

Lamar ,Hanes, Dc ris' brother from Atlanta. went to Dallas )i'eb-
ruary 6 to see th2 double-header basketball ~ames betwE'en Dallas and G,.S.D. Doris surely was glad to see hml and they '~::lke::l together a':ter the game.

Bill Massey received a birth :lay

telegram from Smith, January

his 2

.

firsTthactous.inel~gBrialml

w,a really inspiring. He also poot six

birthday cards. He \vas delighted to

get two boxes of handl:erchief; from

his aunt and a preen tie :;'rom hiR

mother.

All of the flewers .vere dead dur!ng the winter, but it is new early
m February and the daffodils are growing. Julia Williamson iG :mre that the flo~rs show us ',hat Gpring is comir.g soon. The flowers are
always the most beautiful in the spring,

Pauline Carter's sister and her husband have a motorcycle. Pauline had a letter from EileE'n recently saying that they had '.;raveled from Dublin to Garden by motorcycle. They ride '~o a great many places on their inotorcycle.

Laroy Garner and Byron Avant were the guests of Mr, Self, the Scout Executive, at the annual meeting and banquet at the Forrest Hotel in Rome .January 28. They wore '~heir Sceut uniforms with their Eagle badges and merit badge sashes. Mr, Parks and Mr. Caple interpreted while th2 officers spoke into '~he microphone. Laroy and [yron were very much delighted to
r.tter.d the banquet.

A birthday party was given ior
William Massey by several 0::: the
boys February . The boys plan-
r.ed the birthday supper, and several cf the girls helped them, se~ve. '1 welve girls and boy were mVlted to the party, Hazel IcLendon :;~lld that it was the best party to which
she had ever been.

Not long ago word came to Byron Avant from his mother that she feels very much better '.,han when she came out of '.;he nospltal. He was very much delighted to
heal' the news. He had lelt wor-
, ried about hi mother's health.
The Exchange Club meets ill Rome every l'hulsday. January::Su about twenty-four girls and b::y' went 'i;here '.;0 give a short program. They marchea, sang songs, ~nd gave a few yell barbara Russell

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THE SCHOOL HELPER

February 1941

enjoyed participating in the program, but it was very cold in the truck, and she had to wear her heavy coat.
Myrtle Turnage's favorite sport is basketball. She is on the senior team and thinks she is very lucky. She enjoys going tJ the different games. She knows s~e will miss basketball when she IS graduated from G. S. D.
Ralph Benson was surprised after the first of the year to learn that his family had moved to Palmetto from Douglasville. Ralph hopes that he will like his new home and farm when he goes home.
The senior basketball team will go to Spring Creek February 20 to play tor t.he league champ:lonship. Horace Johnson hopes that G. S. D. will win the championship.
A very inspiring program, which was called Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs was held in the auditorium Febraury 7. Dorothy Young enjoyed being the witch. She hopes she will play a part in another program soon.
We have an Athletic Association candy store this year. Jack Sellers is very much interested in working in the store every day. H ':! wants to help the Athletic Associations by earr;ing plenty of money so that they can secure what they need for sch: 01 athletics.
At long last a letter has come to Claude Campbell from his si tel', Dorothy, who is back in Griffin .10W. She has returned from Florida, and Claude is very glad to know that she lives there. She got a job in the mill.
Peggy Tayler should be \very proud of her sister ljetty be:ause she will get on the honor roll again. Peggy thinks she is the smartest girl in hel' class.
January 25 Evelyn Morgan went to Rome with the gil'1s on the truck. She and Pauline Stitn went to the ten cent stores and other stores. They went to a pict~re show atter shopping.
February 14 our tea.1 will go to the Spring l,reek Gym to play basketball agains~ Lin..lale. john Smith hopes that our 'ceam will beat.
Hazel Baxley hopes her older sister will stay strong enough to hold her new job. She lost her job last winter when he was in a bad wreck.

January 28 Mildred Scurlock was greatly surprised when she received a letter from her mother telling her that she had had a permanent. This is her first permanent, and Mildred wants to see how she looks.
Martha Anthony has enjoyed the mens' meetings held in Rome and Cedartown, at whicll Ehe read an essay about our school written by Ralph White. She Lves to go to the hotels.
Leonard Barrow was disappointed that the sen' or boy:;' basketball team lost to Dallas February 6. b spite of hard work on the part of the team the final score was 40 to 23.
February 1 Mr. Clark was idnd enough to take Carl Barbel' to Atlanta with him. 'lhen '~arl went home as his pare.. ts were going to give a party, and he wanted to be there. He had an e.ljoyable '~ime at the party.
Mary Taylor enjoyed the play, Snew White and the Seven Dwarfs, given by class C in the auditorium February 7. She iiked '~he second act and wanted to see more of it.
Esther Poole is pr<lcticing basketball as a member of the junior team. She enjoys s!,orts and thinks she plays basketball fairly well.
Saturday afternoon C. .G. Turner and Elliott Jameso:J went hiking.
'I hey walked io,' a long -cime until
they came to a field in which there were hay stacks. J. hey made a h;;le in one of the stalks' and made a warm hut in it. 'lhey climbed '~rees and had fun all the a~ternoon.
Margaret Perdue was sad when she heard of her pet canary:; death January 2. vv h:m she was at home fOI' the Christmas holidays, he ,:ould not see very well; but he could still sing. Cetus, the cana.y, was nearly seventeen years Old. MIs. Perdue gave her the canary :Cor Christmas when she was seven years old.
I received a letter from my cousin in New York yester, ay afternoon. I was very glad -Co hear from her.
Mrs. Jones stepped in a hole in the front yard Monday morning, February 3, and turned her ankle. It was very sore for several days. It is almost well now. -Dorothy Higgins.
I got a card one day last week from Daddy. He 'cold me that he ""ould send me a box ::;0on.
-Frank Tyndall. I got a letter irom Grandfather Davis Sunday morning. He :..ent :l1e

a dollar. He lives in Wray, Georg:a.

He told me that he wanted me to

come to see him iust as sr on as

school closed.

. '-Bobby Davis.

I received a letter from Father yesterday afternon. He '~old me -Chat Mother was well. She went back -Co work Tuesday, February 4.
-Billie Ethridge.

I got a letter from Mother :,'ebruary 4. She sent me fifty cents. I was glad to hear from her.-William Bell.

I was glad to get a letter and a

dollar from Mother Friday, Janu:lry

31.

-Clyde Crook.

Some of us boys go to .he :..ar,n

in the truck every afternoon. 'We

feed the cows. I like to w vrk on tile

farm.

-Charles Stokes.

We went to Mrs. Jones's Friday

morning, January 31. t;hal'1es, Dobby,

and I got John <.:alvins skates. lie

skated on the walk for aW11Jie. 1

skated too fast and fell. .. e had a

good time.

'-J~hn Holbrook.

WHAT IS A BOY?
H E is the person who is going to carryon what you have started.
He is to sit right where you are sitting, and when you are gone. attend to those things which you thinK are important.
You rna y adopt all the policies you please. but how they wdl b\: carried out depends on him.
Even if you make leagues and treaties, he will have to manage them.
He is going to sit at your desk in Congress and occupy your plae.: on the Supreme Court bench.
He will assume control of your cities, states and nations.
He is going to move m and take over your churches. schools. universities. and corporations.
All your books are going to be judged, praised. or condemned by him.
All your work is for him. and the fate of the nations and humanity is in his hands.
So it might be well to pay him some attention.
-Meaduille, Pa, Kiwanian.

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,

THE
Volume 41

SCHOOL HELPER

Cave Spring, Georgia, March. 1941

No. 6

What OUf Schools Have Done

For The Deaf Child

by DR. PERCIVAL HALL
President of Gallaudet College, Washington, D. C.

I T may be of interest to go back with me awhile and consider

what educational institutions have

done for the deaf children of our

country.

.

At the beginning of the 19th century there was not a school for the deaf in existence in the United States. A census of Massachusetts taken by Francis Green, whose deaf son Charles had been educated in Scotland and had only recently died, led him to believe that there were at least five hundred deaf children then living in our country receiving no education whatever.
I wonder if we really can imagine even if we try our best the pitiable state of such children fated to grow up with only the most meager instruction at the hands of their families and friends. No doubt such children were taught to do useful work about the house and the farm by imitation. No doubt they were able to communicate in
a very crude way with the nearest friends, but they could not read or write, they could not take part with any pleasure in any of the church or social gatherings and in many respects were little better off than the anim'als in the stables of their parents.

Before we can see a much brighter picture for the deaf children of this country we have to come another generation into the 19th century. Through the wonderful work of Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet, who was sent abroad by Mason Cogswell and other friends at Hartford to learn methods of teaching deaf children, the first permanent school for the deaf was

established in Hartford, Connecticut, in 1817. It received private aid, and state aid in cash, and national aid through a large grant of wild land. This school became the parent school on the western continent and remains today. though it is moved from its old site to West Hartford, a noble example of the highest type of school for the deaf ever established. It owns its own property, is managed by its own Board of Directors. is entirely free from political controL but receives tuition from the state. which is expended carefully and wisely for the best interests of the deaf pupils who are assembed under its charge.
The foundation of The Hartford School was followed by that of The New York Institution and The Pennsylvania Institution at Philadelphia. Gradually private schools, state aided schools. state schools and city schools for deaf children have followed the lead of the parent school at Hartford and the education of the deaf child has been made the duty of every state in the Union. State after state has p'assed compulsory school laws requiring the attendance of the deaf child in an educational institution.
State after state has lengthened the period during which the deaf child must remain in school. Millions of dollars are expended annually for the salaries of teachers and for the upkeep of these schools for our deaf pupils.
What. after all these years. we may ask. has been the effect on the deaf child of the work begun by

Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet and carried on by his followers?
In the first place over twenty thousand deaf children are receiving an education. In the second place of these twenty thousand children a very large percentage are taught to speak and to read the lips of their hearing friends and companions. Those who have already learned speech before they have become deaf are given special attention so that their speech may not deteriorate. Many of those who have usable remnants of hearing are taught through the ear so that they may retain this valuable asset in their intercourse with their hearing fellows. In the third place school teachers especially prepared to do our work are in charge of the children in our schools and lead them through a definite schedule of studies comparable to those pursued by our hearing children in the public schools of the country. A great majority of aeaf pupils are carried at least through the sixth grade in their studies, many through the eighth grade; some 'are carried through a high schol curriculum. and a few of the best prepared receive a still higher education at Gallaudet in Washington. D.C. In the next place these deaf children are given a high type of physical care. General practitioners and specialists look to their physical welfare and see that they are protected as far as possible against disease. Physical defects are remedied wherever this can b~ done. They 'are taught to play the games that their hearing brothers and sisters play. They organ-
(Continued on Page 9)

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OUf School

by RALPH WHITE
This article was w.ritten by one of our .seniors, Ralph White. and read before the Exchange Club in Rome and the Kiwanis Club in Cedartown. It is of interest in that it depicts our sChool as seen through the eyes of one of our pupils.-Editor's Note.

T HE Georgia School for the Deaf is located at Cav~ Spring, Georgia in Floyd county sixteen miles southwest of Rome. It is supported by direct appropriation by the legislature and is under the Department of Public Welfare. The Deaf, hard of hearing, and the deafened may come here 'at six years of age and stay for twelve years. The school term corresponds to the public school. It is required that all be in normal health and of normal mentality-and not feeble minded. The function of our school is to educate the typical deaf boy and girl. to educate the hard of hearing and the deafened child who is unable to get 'along in public school. Another function is the rehabilitation of the boyar girl who was deafened near graduation in public school. The school tries to complete the education of this typ~ and to help him along socially and voca tionall y.
Our superintendent, principals, and officers must be of good character. They must have good habits as the children learn through their examples. They must have an understanding of the deaf and be interested in them.
We boast of twenty-one well qualified teachers, besides two physical directors who teach part time as well as direct outside activities. All are well qualified for their position. Most 'are college graduates. Our superintendent's qualifications are four years of college and a year of special training for teaching the deaf at Gallaudet College, and he holds a Master's degree. Our principal has had similiar training plus several years of graduate study 'at the University of California. He too holds a Master's degree. All teachers are required to have a college education like any public school teacher and in addition

they 'are required to have one year of special training in the instruction of the deaf.
We are taught through speech and speech reading. Vibrations, a feeling of music, is one of the best means of speech development, and is greatly used. The hard of hearing children use hearing aids which help them to recognize words.
This is 'a typical day of a high school student. We get up at a quarter to six, and breakfast is served at six thirty. After breakfast we all attend to our household tasks. At eight we go to school. We rotate every forty-five minute5 and take five subjects. Then we move back to our home room where study period is held. We have a fifteen-minute recess at 10: 15. Dinner is at one, and beginning at two we devote two full hours and a half to a trade in the vocational department. In the early evening we take physical training which lasts for an hour. B'ack in our dormitories and to supper at six. After supper until 9: 30 is devoted to studying our lessons and reading. On some nights we may have clubs activities, hobbies, or parties. 9: 30 is bedtime for all of us.
The courses we take are similar to those of public schools. We take 'algebra. history, geography, science. literature, English, Composition, and Civics. Some pu,pils take college preparatory work and the college examinations are taken in May. Others prepare in both acaQemic and vocational branches for life after school. Gallaudet College in Washington, D. C. is the only college for the deaf in the world. It is supported bv the United States Government. Each state in the union has a quota for admission into college.
-(2)-

Our vocational department is divided into two divisions. One division is for boys while the other is for girls. B.oys are taught shoe repairing, printing, machanics. carpentry. horticulture, and agriculture. Our girls' vocational dep'artment is comprised of arts and crafts, industrial sewing, and Home Economics. The main aim is that we learn a trade so that we can be prepared to earn our own living.
The school strives to give motal and spiritual training to, all and prepare the pupils for an all-round social life. For instance, our Sunday School is one that gives spiritual training. Each Sunday the students have singing and a Sunday School lesson which is in charge of a teacher.
We have an Athletic Club, the purposes of which are to finance our athletics and to promote sportsmanship. The dancing club is one of our best clubs. Its members join it to le'arn how to dance. All, of the deaf boys and girls dance to vibration and rhythm rather than to music.
The ultimate objective of the school is to make every boy and girl a self-supporting and independent citizen. Some go to college; some do not. Really our school is more than a school. It is a school. a home, a religious center, and a community; and it is as if we were living at home. If you think the school does not fulfill its mission. look at the police records. Only one arrest of a deaf person was made through all of last year. Vle have our proof of independence in that we have no deaf workers on W. P. A. at present, and there have been no de'af beggars in years. This school turns out graduates who return to their communities upright, self-supporting ciitizens.

From the Primary Department

DEVELOPING proper attitudes er children can correlate their class- ment, I am a' dog for instance, and and good manners in its room work with their pupils' pretending that he is a dog runs

pupils is a major responsibility of every day needs.

with it. After performing the

any school and especially is this true in a residential school which also must be the students' home for the greater part of the year.
We try to develop the right attitudes and manners not only in the classroom, but we also carry

The health program of the school has its basic work carried on at the dining room table. The children are encouraged to eat some of everything that is served so that they will be well and strong. If a child doesn't like carrots,

action, he refurns the card to its place in the chart. He puts the card A dog ran under I am a dog, then gets A dog can run and puts it under A dog ran. In this way the children see that a dog can really run.

on this training in the dining his teacher has him taste them Later the cards I am

,1

room. Each class has its table and every time they are served. In ran, and I can run are substituted

each teacher eats with her class. most cases the child will soon for the cards above.

The children come in and stand le'am to eat the food that he didn't

behind their chairs. Then Mrs. like when he came to school.

In another Plymouth chart

Kennard leads the blessing. Usually several children who can say the grace well stand with Mrs. Kennard in the front of the dining room and join with her in leading the blessing. Every child that has sufficient speech repeats:

To encourage the children to try to improve their manners and
dislikes for certain foods, each teacher has a chart and gold stars are given every week to those who deserve them. --Julia Arnold.

there are several copies of the card Can run? After the above ex-
ercise is completed, the teacher takes a duplicate picture of the animal used in the first set of statements and places it between the Can and run The child selects

the printed answer and places it

"Our Father in heaven, We thank Thee for this food.
Amen."
The younger children who cannot yet say the grace stand with hands folded in the attitude of prayer and watch Mrs. Kennard. A card with the blessing printed in large type is kept on the front

T HE direction Run and the ques-

tion form Can

? are

'among the first to be taught. By

using the printed cards we have

been able to bring in the question

Can

run? quite early the first

year in school. This is begun as

in the chart below the question. A dupl,icate picture of the animal in the second set of statements is taken up in the same way, and so on until all animals known at that time are used. As new animals are learned in reading, they are added to this exercise.

wall where everyone can see it. soon as the children know the Cannot run is taught by elim-

After thanks have been returned meaning of run and have had the ination. For instance, when a

Mrs. Kennard gives the direction, names of a few animals in reading. fish is the only noun left in the

"Sit down."

Each new animal is included in chart, the children readily see that

The children are taught the
fundamentals of good table manners. If a child doesn't know

this exercise.
Mrs. Evans explained in the December issue of the HELPER the

a fish cannot run. Each new animal is classified either in the can run group or the cannot run group.

how to hold his fork, the teacher way I am is introduced. After the The children look at the ans-

shows him how she holds hers idea of I am Evelyn, I am John is wer under the Can

run ques-

and if necessary places his fork comprehended, the children are tions and. if the answers are Yes,

in his hand correctly. The ready for the following:

he selects positive statements for

children are taught the little nice-

the correct card. If the "answers

ties such as waiting until everyone In order to be sure that the are No, negative statements are

is served before beginning to eat direction is understood, the teacher used.

and the other courtesies that m'ake points to the printed card Run and

a meal a social pleasure. Interesting a child runs. She tells him to

Run.

conversations are encouraged. The select from the pictures of the ani- I am (picture of a dog).

teacher tells her pupils the names mals known in reading one ani- I am a dog.

of the foods and the things used mal tha t can run. He makes his A dog ran.

at the table. Printed cards with choice and puts the picture after the A dog can run.

the names of the foods, the neces- I am card in the Plymouth chart sary" permissions" and the n"ames and follows that with a period

I am (picture of a cow). I am a cow.

of the things in the dining room card to show that the thought is A cow ran. are kept on the tables. This af- complete. He puts the printed A cow can run.

fords a wealth of material for reading, speech-reading, and speech.

statement directly under the above. The teacher points to Run again,

Can (duplicate picture of a dog) run?

In this way the teachers of the old- the child takes the printed state-

Yes.

-(3)-

THE SCHOOL HELPER

March, 1941

Can (duplicate picture of a cow) run?
Yes. Can (picture of a fish) run?
No.
A dog can run. A cow can run. A fish cannot run.
Note: A hand press is used to make the pictures used in these exercises.
-Mabel Fincher.
For some time I have been accused of reading all available magazines with the scissors, and lately the accusation has been justly deserved.
My class had become a little bored with the continued use of the same noun cards for speechreading, but I did not feel that all the children were as familiar with the nouns as they should be.
In order to get in a few more repetitions, I searched all the old magazines I could find for pictures of people with the objects I wished to review. In order to get thz children to pay more attention to the sentence as a whole instead of watching for just one word, I tried to find as many pictures as possible showing different people -men, women, boys, girls, babies, and even animals with the same objects. Perhaps we would have a woman with a cup, a man with a cup, a woman with a box, and a man with a box. This made it necessary to observe closely to see whether I said a man or a woman with a cup or a box.
As these pictures were for such temporary use, they were not mounted, but were clipped to a chart. (As evidence of the interest of the children in this idea, they cut out all pictures they could find and brought them to be used during the speech-reading period. Some of them were not usable, of course, but were always accepted anyway.) When the sentence was given, if the child called upon selected the correct picture, he removed it from the chart and placed it face down upon his desk. After all were removed, one child came to the front and I asked,

"Who has the picture of the woman with a cup?" etc. If he remembered, he returned it to the chart and was given another question. If he had forgotten, he sat down and some one else was cal,led to the front.
We have some very enjoyable as well as profitable periods with our pictures, and I feel that the time spent in searching for them was not wasted. --Jim Irwin.
We do not leave time telling for a particular grade. The teacher begins early in the preparatory year to bring it in with the nonlanguage weather reports and to connect it with events of interest. As a result, the children absorb much in connection with it, and it comes very easily and naturally.
Before the children have the realization that we have recess, go to dinner, etc. at any definite time, the teacher puts up as reading We shall go to the hearing-aid room, sets the dial and places it at the end of the statement. The children soon begin to connect the statement (We shall go to the hearing-aid room) with a particular time and are able to set the clock for this and other daily events themselves.
I first called attention to the recess period by writing on the blackboard We shall have recess and setting the dial at 10: 15. I gradually added other statements, and soon the children began setting the dial themselves. I found them watching the clock closely, sometimes too closely I thought, and interrupting me to tell me that it was almost time for whatever event we had set the dial.
This understanding speeds the speech and language connected with time telling. I have found that if understanding and clear mental pictures are put first, thz child has a much easier time acquiring the necessary language later on.
I introduced the face of the clock and the long and short
- (... ) -

hands. Then began speech reading; as, Show me the long hand; the short hand; the face. Show me when you had breakfast this morning, when we shall have recess; when we shall go to the hearing-"aid room, etc. Show me seven o'clock; ten o'clock; four o'clock, always being careful that the children move the hour hand and the minute hand in conjunction, as they move in real clocks.
We take up railroad time first as it seems easier for small children. We present hours, then half and quarter hours. We "are careful that the children say just 7: 30 and not 7: 30 0'clock. When the hands are on the hour we always write it in words; as, It is one o'clock.
Much practice is required and the drills must be varied so that the children will not get bored. Sometimes one child plays teacher and tells the others what to do. Two children may come up to the front, one sets the diaL "and the other writes the statement on the board.
In order to get in some work on speech I set the clock, and the children say, "It is nine o'clock," etc.
For more work on visua15zation I took off copies of clock faces on the ditto machine. 1 give directions and the children draw in the long and short hands accordingly. Then under the clock face they write, It is ten 0'clock, etc. By being able to draw clock faces and place the hands correctly, they are avoiding confusion later on when the language becomes more involved.
Then we can tell time without a clock face by putting on the board the two necessary figures and the two hands to show whatever time we choose. In this way the children are not confused by so many figures.
One's own ingenuity will suggest plenty of games for more practice, and I say again that, if the children have enough practice

THE SCHOOL HELPER

March, 1941

in the visualization of these pre- verbs, adjectives, numbers (in- Draw a circle under the animal

liminary steps, the teacher will cluding both cardinals and ordi- that can bark.

save herself many worries.

nals) , and prepositions.

Put a x on the animal that says,

-Polly Casey. The underlying objective of the

A chart illustrating each direction has been made and is added to as a new one is introduced. Our chart now includes:

"Meow, meow/' Draw a line from the animal that
says, "Wee, wee," to the animal that says, "Bow-wow."
Draw a line to the animal that has

work sheets is to teach the child to follow directions, without which he will be unable to take his place in a hearing world. In almost any field of employment the deaf have to depend largely upon written directions. Their success, therefore, depends to a great extent on their ability to follow directions swiftly and accurately.

Put a cross ~ on, under,

a square over, before,

a circle after,

a ring

between ....

Draw a line on, under, over, before after, between, through .... from .... to, to.... from.

Draw a circle ~ on, under,

a square over, before,

an oval between,

a ring

around .... .

Check the word that makes

a snout from the one that can climb a tree.
Draw a circle around the animal that has hoofs.
Check the animal that can swim. Draw a line over the animal that likes mice. Write your first name between the animal that can scratch and the one that likes corn.
--Gladys Carpenter.

To enable our children to understand text-books, much work has to be done. They will have to become adept at:
Getting thought from all reading

each statement true. Draw a line through the word
that does not belong in each group.
Write your first name on, under over, before, after, between .....

The foundation for lessons in Citizenship is laid in the very beginning of the child's school life.

Reading by thought units Reading with proper spee~ and
accuracy

Note: Each direction is illustrated on the chart so that the children will be able to visualize the meaning.

When the child first comes to school, he is taught that others have rights the same as he and that

Mastering new words through context clues
In the Primary Department the skills introduced have been:
Comprehension a. Recognizing words and phrases, and the understanding of words by use of context clues b. Understanding the total meaning of phrases, sentences, and paragraphs c. Following directions d. Reading to answer a question or to verify a statement

I mounted large pictures of animals, labeled their characteristics and listed what each could say and do. We have done a great deal of work with these cards, and I have found it a most interesting, thorough, and comprehensive way gradually to bring in more involved language.
The work sheets are not used indiscriminately. Each new word, phrase, and idea is presented clearly and carefully, worked up at the blackboard and at the desks, the

he must respect them. He is taught to take care of his own things and the things he uses in the classroom. He learns also to be careful of his personal appearance.
As the child grows older and has more understanding of language, the printed questions for inspection are used; as, Did you brush your teeth this morning? or Are your fingernails clean? etc. At first the simple answers, Yes and No, are used. In my class of older children, they write the complete statements in answer to

We have by no means completed necessary repetitions given and, as the questions; as, I brushed my

this work but feel that we have a final test, the work sheets are teeth, or I did not brush my teeth.

laid a good foundation. The chil- given. The child is not allowed My fingernails are clean, or My

dren's interest never lags for there to refer to the chart or to get help fingernails are not clean, etc.

is endless variety in giving the necessary repetitions.
In presenting a new preposition the old stand by "action work" is used. For visualization we do a great deal of drawing; as, Draw a bed, Draw a picture over the bed, Draw a pair of shoes under it. In order to get in more drill the children write what they have done; as, I drew a bed, I drew a picture

from anyone but must depend entirely upon himself. There is no need for confusion or questions of any kind if he has comprehended the previous exercises. Time is saved by using the work sheets as he can go to work quickly and quietly on his own copy.
The following sheet was used in my class recently:

Another part of this foundation work is to create and encourage pride in the appearance of the classroom and other surroundings. The duty of cleaning the classrooms has been described and each teacher tries to instill in the pupils a desire to have the room as clean and orderly as possible. This lesson can be carried on further to the care of the dormitories and

over the bed, etc. This work can a dog

a cat

a pig school grounds. If a child is well

be made to include their entire Draw a line over the animal that grounded in this lesson, he might

vocabulary-nouns, pronouns, can grunt.

(Continued on Page 9)

-(5)-

THE SCHOOL HELPER

March, 1941

THE SCHOOL HELPER

All communications should be addressed to the School Helper, Cave Spring, Georgia.
Published monthly during the school year in the printing Department of the Georgia School for the Deaf.
Entered at the Post office at Cave Spring, Georgia, as second class matter November, 1899. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided in Section 1103. Act of October 3, 1917. Authorized October 31, 1918.
Subscription price is fifty cents for eight issues.

C. H. HOLLINGSWORTH . . . Editor ex-officio

JOHN L. CAPLE__ . .

. . . . Editor

NELL A. GIBBONS. . .

. . .Assistant Editor

MARIE KENNARD. . . . . . . . .Associate Editor

BARTON CLARK:

.... Printing Instructor

Vol. 41

March" 1941

No.6

CONVENTION
I T is needless,to say'the Convention of American Instructors of the Deaf will be held in Fulton, Missouri June 23 to 27, 1941. It is not out of place to urge all that can possibly do so to attend. By attending you not only help yourself, but all others with whom you come in contact. Surely you would not deny us the opportunity of talking with you and thereby gaining inspiration and ideas to carryon ilnother two years.
No banquet or gathering of any kind would be complete without a few words on national unity at this time. No one will deny that national unity should be on the lips of every person far ilnd near. As members of the profession of teaching the deaf. we should do our uttermost to promote unity in our profession. This can be brought about by attending the Convention and taking part in the discussions both in the section meetings and on the main floor. Without a full attendance we can never achieve national unity or become a re'a1 democratic body in the highest sense of the word.

BEGINNING with this issue of the HELPER we are mailing two copies instead of one to all state schools for the deaf. Many schools have been fol10w:ing .this plan for a number of years. Two coples glve a much better circulation in our schools and gives more teachers and pupils an opportunity to read the school papers. We recommend this practice to other schools for the deaf who are now mailing only one copy as an exchange.
IN MEMORIAM-WILLIAM J. McCANLESS
I T is kno~n with sincere grief, by all the Georgia deaf cltlzens and the puptls at the Georgia School for the Deaf, that our beloved friend and teacher, William J. McCanless, has been taken away. We. the members of the Georgia Association of the Deaf, grieve in the loss of our great worker and to him t~e organizer of the Boy Scout Troop at the Georgla School for the Deaf, we wish to express the following:
BE IT RESOLVED, that the Georgia Association of the, Deaf. show their gratitude to the Almighty for havmg gIven to the deaf the wonderful leadership and services of William J. McCanless by carrying on and imitating his excellent example to the young deaf men as far as possible, and
BE IT ALSO RESOLVED, that the Meeting Cabin presented to the Boy Scouts at the Georgia School for the Deaf in Cave Spring by his parents, stand as a lasting monument to his memory and also the sir~ct:re appreciation of every upright citizen for WIlham J. McCanless' great part in firmly planting the feet of the young deaf men on the road to upright manhood, and
BE IT FINALLY RESOLVED, that these resolutio~s ~e spread upon the minutes .of the Georgia AsSOCIatIOn of the Deaf as a memOrIal to him who was greatly loved and who will be missed by all who knew him and that a copy of these resolutions be sent to his parents.
GEORGIA ASSOCIATION OF THE DEAF Howard P. Sturgis, Secretary

There is always so much going on at a convention

at the same time that a person is tempted to pass up

everything due to the fact that he does not know be-

forehand what to expect. To a certain extent we

should budget our time and attend those meetings

from which we could gain the greatest amount of

good. We can not do this if we do not know before-

hand the general nature of the program. A great many

more would undoubtedly attend the convention

meetings if they knew that a certain well known per-

son would be present. With this thought in mind.

it is hoped that all the section chairmen will publish

through the channel of the school papers the pro-

grams they have to offer.

-R. G. Parks.

Editor's Note: The April issue of the HELPER will have the program of the curriculum section in more
or less detail.

WE have seen and heard much criticism of the W. P. A. in its many and varied fields throughout this land of ours. The workmen of this agency have been the "goat" of countless thousands of jokes built around the subjects of laziness and incompetency. Our story of the W.P.A. must necessarily come from observation of work done on our campus. We have had the opportunity of seeing this group work on such projects as trunk sewer lines, Imhoff treatment plant. sidewalks and driveways. In each case we have been amazed at the rapid progress and the quality of the finished work. During the time they have been working on our campus, other types of building and repair have been done by contracting companies. We believe that the W. P. A. projects will compare favorably with any work done on our campus.

--'(6)-

Superintendent's Corner

O A
Memorable

N the week-end of February 8, Mrs.

Week-end

Hollingsworth

and the writer

were guests of Mr. and Mrs. M. M.

Simmons, Decatur, Georgia. To

say that it was our privilege to

commune and have fellowship

with these good people in their

delightful home is sufficient evi-

dence of a pleasant event. How-

ever, the incidents of this par-

ticular visit remind us that bless-

ings come in bundles and it is

good to recount them one by one.

On Friday evening, our hosts
favored us with advantageous re servations at the Atlanta City Auditorium to hear Yehudi Menuhin in a violin concert with Hendrik Endt at the piano. We do not think we have enjoyed the violin so much since Dr. Powrie V. Doctor shared tickets with us to enjoy the Stradivarius Quartet
in the Music Chamber of the Congressional Library in 1936. Yehudi Menuhin, a novice or at best a boy prodigy of a decade ago, is universally proclaimed a master today. As unqualified for judgment as we may be, we unhesitatingly and insistently share this verdict. While the entire program was enjoyed immensely, Mrs. Hollingsworth says our great delight reached embarrassing proportions when, foll.owing a lively encore. we vociferously proclaimed, That boy has gone to fiddling now! Anyway. we have to admit
it was withal a sensational musical treat such as is not often given us to enjoy. Too, it renewed our faith in America to see that tremendous audience in one spontaneous ovation after another recall that splendid artist to the stage for number on number as if they could never get enough.

The gracious hospitality and kindness of our hosts knew no bounds. There was another mountain-top experience awaiting us the following afternoon. We returned to the self-same auditorium to be enthralled for hours by the presentation of that

world-renowned dramatization
"The Original Luenen Passion Play of the Black Hills" with Josef Meier, internationally fam-
ous portrayer of the Christus. Since reading years ago something of the
history of this play, its origin,
and first presentation by the Monks of Cappenberg Monastery as early as 1242 A. D. and its course through the succeeding centuries, it has been our hope to witness this great drama with just such a cast 'as played in Atlanta February 5-9. Our hope was bountifully fulfilled and all our fondest expectations were proven fully justified.

Vivid memories of these two especial events and of our sojourn
in the home of these dear friends
are indelibly imprinted on the escutche~ns of our happiest memones.

To our genial host, the scion of an old and honored Cave Spring family; to our lovely hostess, a former teacher here and perhaps best remembered as the talented daughter of the late Rev. Samuel M. Freeman for whom a building at the Georgia School for the Deaf was recently named; to Freeman. the fine son now in second-year medical school at Emory University; to Frances. the attractive married daughter who 'added to the occasion with her presence; and to neighbors and friends who called by, we extend our sincere
thanks for a most unusual and enjoyable week-end.

Just

WE ~ wonder some-

Wondering

times if we, of

the Georgia

School for the Deaf, recognize our

full responsibility to the children

enrolled. If we do realize the fuil

mission of the school, can it be that

some portion of these functions

are neglected?

It is good to wonder since it ofttimes occasions pertinent and wholesome questioning. For instance, what are our obligations to
-(7)-

the deaf child 10 a residential school and, in this relation. to society in general and to our country? Thinking in this vein, this definition comes to mind; our obligation is to direct the child in the pursuit and acquisition of knowledge, information, skills and experiences that give motivation to an ever enlarging capacity for happy and fruitful living. This may not be the best answer to the question, but it certainly gives us something to think about.
This wondering business will get you going if it doesn't get you down first. We are thinking just now about happiness and fruitfulness in terms of our boys and girls now in their last few years of school-boys and girls who are soon to be turned loose "to do or die." We flatter ourselves in thinking there has been splendid accompl,ishments with most of them in their early acquisition of language, in speech and speech reading, and later on in an almost normal mastery of the common school and even high school courses of study. They have been impregnated with a certain amount of culture and social graces. They are good institutional citizens and know something' about working with their hands, and even find honor in honest toil. But, are they ready to become socially and economically adjusted in a hearing world?
In thinking on this. let's keep economic adjustment foremost in mind. Are our boys. as future breadwinners, being definitely and especiall'y prepared to earn an independent livelihood? (In truth, the State has spent too much money on them for us to dare consider their becoming economically maladjusted, or perhaps. burdens on society. ) What will become of their highly nurtured esthetic natures if they find themselves inadequately prepared to meet keen competition in earning the wherewithal to live decently and happily? It must be kept in mind that. say what you may, the most

THE SCHOOL HELPER

March, 1941

devastating enemy of culture is financial insecurity and an empty stomach.
Our readers might perchance be constrained to think our wondering has turned to a wandering that has led us into unorthodox thinking. However, we still contend that any school for the deaf is unworthy of the name if it does not experience great concern over the failures, and find comfort in the wellbeing, of the children whom society had sought through that medium to benefit. The success or failure, the happiness or unhappiness of the graduate of the Georgia School for the Deaf is a measure of our accomplishments or shortcomings as teachers and administrators. It must be an unwise school that is not concerned about the future of its graduates, or heeds not the counsel of its own alumni.
If these questions are reasonable, the final wonder is, how can we go about improving the situation as an appeasement for, and as security against, these doubts?
A survey in Georgia discloses that a majority of our boys and girls return to the farm, or to the farm community, from whence they came. We "jumped the gun" on these findings by embracing vocational agriculture in our courses of study four years ago. Now, perhaps we should renew this emphasis. Certainly if the school meets its obligation to this particular group, they must be returned to the farm with a fine background of scientific study and practical farming experience. Their interest and training might be in general farming, or special attention could be given to stockraising, dairying, chickens, or farm mechanics, but, in any case, if properly taught, their chances of success and independence would be greatly enhanced. Likewise, the above-mentioned survey indicates that a goodly number of our girls marry these farm boys. Is it not our obligation here to top their academic training with a thorough course in homemaking? If the job is well done, it might prove pretty

good insurance against failure, and perhaps disaster, affecting whole families.

Shame on our school that so many of our past graduates are out of employment during the present building boom. Some are working as common laborers-skilled artisans, scarcely any. One-half of the 360 square feet of added floor space to our shops is designed for teaching the building trades. Seventy-five percent of these deaf men out of employment or working as day laborers might have been trained plasterers, bricklayers, carpenters, etc. We think possibly we see the answer to that one.

It is true that many of Georgia's deaf men and women are gainfully employed and can be
considered successes. Far too many are not. There are numerous successful printers, barbers, shoe repairmen, businessmen, sec-
retaries and clerks, enjoying a normal life, but, 'almost invariably,
they bemoan their past lack of an opportunity for better training and preparation for the work that they are doing. Perhaps the younger generations should have an im-
proved opportunity.

There are always a few bril Hant young deaf students in our school responding splendidly to their specialized educational opportunity, and ambitious to go to college. How fine it is for them to have that chance! However. specific training to earn as well as to live must be their goal if they
would find their full measure of happy and fruitful living.

Although we are just wondering, we think perhaps we see our obligation to Georgia's deaf boys
and girls and we trust that no portion of it will be neglected.

~

Inviting Outside

T HIS Corner has always been of

Interest

the opinion that

possibly in the

past there has existed just a little

too much "clannishness" in the

educational attitudes of thosp.

working with the problems of

educating the deaf. Isn't it possible that we can get so close to and so wrapped up in our work that we cannot see our task and our problem as well, at times, as can keen and interested educators lookin!,! on from the outside? These problems, at best, are important and difficult enough to challenge the attention and study of all who can be made interested in them.
We have been for four years attempting to "sell" our problems and our work in the education 01 the deaf to the people in general of our State, and to educators and the State Department of Education in particular. To s'ay the very least, the response to these efforts has proven helpful and invigorating. The following short article by Byron Dexter in The New Republic,-The Journal of the N. E. A. and reprinted in The Illinois Advance exemplifies some refreshing and vigorous views of an outsider:
Deafness is one of the outstanding unsolved public-health problems. It is just beginning to be tackled. Seven states only, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Oklahoma, California, Indiana, and New Hampshire require yearly examinations of public-school children for signs of impaired hearing. School children to the appalling number of one million-odd are hard of hearing.
Weare all thinking these days about the necessity of making America a fine place to live in. Making America a happy place for those children wouldn't be a bad way of getting specific about it. Deafness in a child is prison, prison often with solitary confinement, a cruel affair. A measure has been introduced in Congress, the Pepper-Boland Bill, to "enable each state to establish, extend, and improve services for educating physically handicapped children". It should be passed. Laws prescribing periodic hearing tests for every school child should be on the statute books of forty-one other states.
What you do tomorrow will never make up for what you lost -today.
The man who get'S along in life is the Ol,e who can look happy when he isn't.

-(8)-

THE SCHOOL HELPER

March, 1941

WHAT OUR SCHOOLS

ing with employees of high of their teachers and supervisors a

HAVE DONE FOR THE

character outside of the school very large share ,of their time,

DEAF CHILD
(Continued from Page 1)
ize football, basketball, baseball. track and tennis teams. They learn to swim and enjoy dancing, to take part in dramatics and literary programs. They help to edit and publish their school newspapers. They learn to be at ease with their parents, friends. and associate~. hearing or deaf. They forget then handicap to a very large extent and le'arn to lead a normal social existence.
And next. a very important branch of training is given to every one of these deaf children before graduation. This is yocational training. Starting with s~nse training. followed by prevc;>catlOnal training. trades and skills are developed along m'any different lines. To read the list of industries taught in American schools for the deaf is like reading an almost complete list of all industries practised in the country. for they cover art, baking. barbering. bookbinding, bricklaying, c~binet ~ak ing, carpentry, chalI can~ng. domestic science. dressm'aklDg, beauty culture. press wor~. linotyping, leather work. .ml1h!1ery, photography. shoema~lDg, lIoning, dry cleamn~. glazlDg,. brushmaking. rugmaklDg. weavlDg, ce-

room. taught by especially selected te'achers in the classroom. organized in Christian Endeavor groups, in Boy and Girl Scout troops. made to understand the fundamentals of an ethical and a religious life, these deaf children go out into the world with an understanding of their duties and responsibilities to others as well as with their own knowledge of books and of trades.
And what has been the result of this period of more than a century of education. of loving labor, of founding and maintaining schools like this at high standard? This is the result. Those deaf children who cannot be educated in the regular public schools of the country have been sent out prepared 'and happy into the world and have taken their places in almost every conceivable walk of life. They have supported themselves by their labor. manual or mental. They have built homes. They have purchased autoI?obiles. They have read 'and studied and traveled. and have been a real asset to the citizenry of our land. I am well acquainted with hundreds of these deaf citizens of various ages. I have visited their children. almost all of them hearing persons. intelligent 'and active. I know personall y one of the cleverest

where they are brought under the c'are of the highest type of superintendent. specially prepared for our work, where they are looked after most c:nefully day by day physically. mentally. and morally that the most successful deaf young people are trained-From the Iowa Hawkeye.
FROM THE PRIMARY
DEPARTMENT
(Continued from Page 5)
safely be expected not to abuse public property.
By having plants in the classroom or gold fish, the children are taught an appr~ciation of .beauty and growing thlDgs and klDdness toward animals. The love of nature c"an be encouraged by outdoor trips and attention given to the growth and change from season to season.
Simple stories to suit the Ian guage attainments of the .class 'are given to convey the ideas of honesty. thoughtfulness. courage, truthfulness. courtesy, etc. If a chi~d has been carefully led .to feel and understand these different phases of life whi~e h~ is in school. he will be more inchned to make a good citizen than if these things were left untaught.
-Ruth Forbes.

ment work. automobile repairing, artists that the United States has

art metal work. tailoring, tinning, mechanical drawing, farming. poultry raising, and last but per" haps not least. in one of our western schools, rabbit raising. When the boys and girls of schools for the deaf of the country are graduated a large majority of them .are fit to take up work as apprent.ices or journeymen in on.e of the hnes which I have mentlOned and to enter upon a life of independency and self-support.
There is still another phase. however, of the education of the deaf which I have not yet touched upon and which is one of the. most important of all. and that is the

ever produced. a deaf man. I have known deaf sculptors. bankers. chemists, architects, ministers of the Gospel, farmers, teachers, housewives, librarians, doing their work happily and successfully day 'after day. While during the depression many of them have suf: fered as others have and many ot them have lost their opportunities to labor as others have. in normal times they are actuall y as independent as their hearing brothers and sisters. They are not law breakers; they do not fill the courts with quarrels and law suits. They are self-respecting. law-abiding independent Americans.

VISITORS AT G. S. D.
On Wednesday. March 5. Dr. Rayford Tharpe of Austell, a new ly appointed member of the State Board of Public Welfare, paid the school a visit. He was accompanied by Mrs. Tharpe. The two spent the entire day visiting classes and inspecting the plant. Both manifested gre'at interest in the school and its work.
Tuesday. March 1 L we were
favored with a visit by Mr. W. S. Phillips, Division of General Extension of the University of Georgia, and a group of about thirtyfive teachers from points in Floyd and Polk Counties. An inspection

character building which is done My personal belief is that it is tour and some demonstration

in schools like this for every deaf in schools of this type where the teaching constituted a program for

boy and girl who enters. Associat- children remain under the influence this interested group.

-(9)-

Among the Staff

WE have always known that the flowers burst forth in a multitude of blossums as one of the first signs of spring. But several of our faculty and starr seem to have "put one over" on the proverbial daffodils and violets. They have blossomed out in new cars of every shade and hue.

Spring fever is definitely pass... It is now fashionable to break out with "caritis". Its a new kind of fever, just as catching as spring fever-but much more expensive.

SYMPTOMS:

A far-away,

dreamy look in the eye and a rather gloomy, preoccupied facial ex-

pression, from which stage one passes into a complete coma. This is followed by the arrival of several high-powered salesmen dangling portfolios and exhibiting their vari-colored wares.

Finally the dreamer awakens to find himself the proud possessor (with the fin'ance company) of a new automobile-and what a boat! Gadgets of every description, including everything from shoe laces to curl papers-lacking nothing except the driver. Well,
I'll bet the next models will have them, tool

Among those around the plac who have already succombed to this fatal new malady are Mr. Hollingsworth, Mr. Parks, Mr. Caple, Mr. Tollefson, Mr. Ware, Mr. Clark, Mr. Clifton, Mr, Goree, and Mrs. Longshore and we are momentarily expecting to
hear of other "victims."

Mr. and Mrs. Kester have spent the past month very quietly in Cave Spring. They have found no end of diversion, though, in discussing the weather. They 'are definitely on the lookout for springtime and a change for the
better.

Mrs. Clyde Hollingsworth of Sylvania, Georgia was the delightful guest of Mr. and Mrs. Hollingsworth for two weeks recently. Her husband and two sons joined her here Saturday, March 8, and spent the week-end returning to

by MARGARET PARIS
their home Sunday. During her visit Mrs. Hollingsworth was the recipient of many lovely social courtesies.
Miss Juliet McDermott enter tained her bridge club at her home February 20. Mrs. Parks was the winner of a lovely antique glass dish.
Mr. and Mrs. Montgomery and Mr. and Mrs. Forbes were the guests of Mr. and Mrs. Hollingsworth at a birthday dinner honoring Mr. Parks on February 14.
Many of the teachers attended an old-fashioned "singing" at the home of Mr. and Mrs. Carl Reeves the evening of March 8. Every one was asked to bring a "covered dish" and spend the evening in singing old favorites. It proved a most novel and entertaining part! and was greatly enjoyed by a large group.
The Rev. J. W. Fletcher of Birmingham was a guest of the school the week-end of March 1. He returned Tuesday, the 4th, and gave the story of "Quo Vadis" to the pupils of the Advanced Department in the chapel. To say that they enjoyed it would be a mild expression of their pleasure.
The teachers were guests of the students at a dance which was given Saturday night, MarchI, in honor of recent victories by the basketball teams.
Mr. and Mrs. Fred Forbes enjoyed a trip to Milledgeville recently where they went to see their daughter, Mary, who is a student at G. S. C. W.
Mrs. J. T. Barnes of Talladega, Alabama was the guest recently of her daughter, Miss Elizabeth Barnes, at the Cave Spring Hotel.
Miss Martha K. Perry, a student at G. S. C. W., arrived Friday, March 14, to spend the spring holidays with her mother, Mrs. Ruby D. Perry, and her aunt,
Miss K. Dickerson.
Mrs. Julia Arnold spent the week-end of March 14 in Savannah with her daughter, Julia.
-(10)-

Mr. and Mrs. Carpenter and daughter, Anne, spent the day reo cently with Mr. and Mrs. Colliz Powers. After dinner they went to see Mrs. Powers' sisters' new home in Rome.
Mrs. Russell Irwin spent the week-end of March 1 as the guest of her brother, Dr. R. L. Crawford, in Locust Grove.
MrSj. Evans has moved from the Cave Spring Hotel to Mrs. R. B. Tilly's. She feels that she is very fortunate in being so pleasantly located.
Mr. and Mrs. R. W. Fincher and sons recently visited Mrs. Fincher's grandmother in Atlanta.
Miss Katharine Casey made a tour of Fort McClellan at Anniston, Alabama recently. There are many "Yankees" there who are enjoying our "Sunny South". She wants to m'ake another visit when the rain sets in "in them thar hills."
Mr. and Mrs. Gibbons enjoyed a motor trip to Calhoun, Dalton, Fort Oglethorpe, Chickamauga, and other points Sunday, March 9.
Since the leave of absence of Mrs. Clark on March 1, Mr. Drake has been "promoted" to the Primary Department. He says he is e~joying his "mountain-top" expenence.
Mr. W. H. Crowe of Rome has recently been added to our staff at the school in the capacity of bookkeeper.
Dr. and Mrs. Raye W. Tharpe of Austell were interested visitors at the school early in March. Dr. Tharpe is 'a newly appointed member of the Department of Public Welfare and we were delighted to have him come and give us the privilege of meeting him and hi5 charming wife.
Mr. and Mrs. James Lewis of Milledgeville were the guests of Mrs. Lewis' mother, Mrs. Leila Barnett, the week-end of March 15.

Pupils' Locals

I received a letter from Mother Some of us boys went to the ball I have not received a letter from

recently. She said that Doris start- ground yesterday afternoon and my sister-in-law for a long time. I

ed work nursing at the Piedmont played softball. My team won. The am mad at her. I guess she is busy

Hospital in Atlanta two weeks ago. score was 21 to 2. We had a good all the time. -.-

She makes good money. She gets time, but I turned my ankle and had Katherine made two new dresses

$47.00 a week. I am very happy for to go to the hospital Mrs. Hood for Mrs. Ware. They are very

her.

bandaged it for me. It is still sore pretty.-Carolyn Gunnells

I received a letter from Doris. She asked me if I read about the big plane crash near Atlanta. She told me that they carried all the people who were

this morning.-C. G Turner We. had a very interesting pro-
gram In the chapel this morning at

Bob Adams went home last week
to work on the farm We miss him and hope he will hurry up and come

injured to her hospital. She is helping nurse them. I told her that I read about it in the paper.
-Hugh McLeroy.
Our Junior Boys' Basketball team will go to the Johnson Gym to play in the tournament tonight. If w.e win, we will play for the championship tomorrow night. Our team hopes that we will win the games tonight. If we lose, we will have to play against the senior boys. We will try hard and I hope that the Lord will help us to win.
-Freidson Odom.

10:30. It was called "The Battle of the Sexes." The boys won. Miss McDermott gave each boy on the team a bag of pennies. To the losing side she gave a nickel each.
-Catherine Langer.
I received a letter from my sister and her husband who live in Chicago Wednesday noon. I was glad to hear that Grandmother was going to see my sister soon. I also received a letter from Daddy and he sent me $5.00. He said that he would send me more when he draws his money on the railroad.-James Galloway.

back.-Oran Price.
We had two good programs in chapel this week. Mr. Fletcher told us a fine story Tuesday afternoon. Friday morning Miss McDermott had a quiz program. We were glad that the boys won.-Mack Padgett.
Louis and I will go home on the bus at 2 o'clock this afternoon. I received a card from Mother and she told me. She sent Mr. Parks the tickets. Mr Dillard is taking care of them for us. Weare glad to go home.-Bobby Rose.

The Junior Girls' Basketball team went to Rome last night to play for the championship. They lost to Spring Creek by the score of 18 to

Jackie gave Vera and me each a coca cola. She got a dime in a letter from her aunt.-Elaine Pannal.
Aunt Margaret will send me a big

I received a letter from Mother Saturday afternoon. I got a money order and went to the postoffice and cashed it.-Hulet Hawkins. ,

6. I am sorry that they couldn't get the chanmpionship.
The Junior Boys' team will play for the championship tonight at the Johnson Gym. I hope that we will win. -John Hayes.
I like to play basketball very much and always enjoy seeing a game. I Was very much surprised when I was put on the Junior team. I want to be a good player and will work very hard.
I dreamed about a basketball game one night. I was playing in it and I was very fine. I worked very hard. I often think of it.-Ruth Cook.

box of cake this week. I was very much surprised to hear it.
I got a card from Father Thursday. He asked me if I got a dollar. I did not get it.-Vera Reeder.
I was glad to hear from my sister yesterday She told me that she would send me a box for Easter.
I think that I will go to Miami, Florida this summer to see my aunt and grandmother. I think Mother is sweet to let me go.-Virginia Giles.
My birthday is April 1st, April Fool's Day. Aunt Lucy Mae is going to send me a big box. I hope

Charles and I went to Rome Saturday afternoon. We saw an airplane. We went to the movies. It was about the war. We had a good time.-Carlton Huff
Mother and Daddy will come to see me sometime soon in John Raymond's car. He is coming, too. I will be happy to see them.
I would like to go home some Friday and come back Sunday. I will ask Mother about it.
It is fine here. The school and the teachers are good. I like to come to school here.-Etta Lee Kilgore.

I received a letter from Mother last month. I Was very much surprised at one thing she told me. She said that I would have a job at Daddy's market when I came home. She wants me to clerk and charge things, but I am afraid that I can't do that. I could clean up every day and help with other things.
All my family say that they can't wait for me to come home because Daddy has bought this new market. I can't wait to go, either.
- Majorie Lane.
I got a letter from Mother not

that Mr. Parks will let me have a birthday party.-Jacqueline Hallman.
Some of us boys were skating on the sidewalk about a month ago. I fell and hurt my hand. I did not go to the hospital to see the nurse about it. It was sore for three or four days.-Olin Love.
The boys lined up Thursday afternoon and Morris pIcked out softball teams. My team lost 9 games and the others won 17 games.
-Roscoe Singletary.
I hemmed some towels and mended some clothes the other day.

We played baseball yesterday. I fell and hurt my knee-Olin Patten.
My family came to see me Sunday afternoon. They brought me some clothes. They said they would send me a pair of skates this week. I got the skates last night. I was glad to get them. Mother is very sweet to me.-Bill Nelson
J ames and I went to Mr Parks' Saturday after dinner and borrowed his golf sticks. We went to the football field and played golf. I taught Teddie how to play.-Grady Carlisle.

long ago. She was very proud of me because I could play basketball. She asked me if I was a good player. I
am afraid that I am not a very good player, but I am going to try hard
and do my best. I want the deaf boys and girls to

I received a letter from my sister. She told me that Frances Hoy had been to see my family. She will move to New Jersey in June.
-Grace Sharp.
We lost the basketball game at

I was delighted to receive a nice letter from Mother Tuesday. She
said that she might come to see me
soon. If she does, she will let me know. I will be happy to see her.
-Frances Bartlett.

win the championship. If we defeat Spring Creek last night, but I had a I received a letter from my broth-

the hearing teams, our families will good time. I bought some popcorn er in Hawaii not long ago. He want-

be very proud of us.-Willene Letson. and coca cola.-Louise Callaway.

ed to know if I had received his

-(11)-

THE SCHOOL HELPER

March, 1941

watch that he sent me. He is planning to buy me some earphones if he can save the money by spring.
Walter Brown.
My family wanted to come to see me in February, but they couldn't. Mother told me that they would try to come sometimes in March. I will be glad to see them. I would have gone to Rome with Mr. Clark Friday night to the movies, but I didn't have any money.-Carlton Scurry.
Eloise went to Cedartown to the dentist Tuesday morning and had three teeth filled.-Sue Brannan.
We went to the spring with Miss Brown Sunday afternoon. Carlos and I bought some candy. We had a good time.
We went to the show that night. We will go to the show next Sunday night, too.-George Vaughan.
James and I made a bank in the shop this morning. We made a boat Thursday morning.-Brinkley Smith.
I received a letter from Mother and Father this morning. I got three dollars and ten cents. I was very much surprised. I received a box, too. I got some peanuts, chewing gum, two boxes of cookies, some pecans, raisins, and jelly.
-Marvin Harrell.
I have a little boil on my neck. Mrs. Hood put some medicine on it.
-Raymond Baker.
Brinkley, Marvin, Louis, and I played baseball yesterday afternoon.
-Clarence Highfield.
Mack, Tommie, and I went to t~e dairy yesterday morning. TommIe and I fed the cows and Mack washed the milk cans.-Lewis Tucker.
I received a box and card from Lillie Mae this morning. I got three pieces of candy, so~e. crackers, cookies, oranges, and ralsms. I was surprised.-James Sharpton.
Jane, Louise, and I went to Cedartown to the dentist Tuesday morning.He filled three teeth for me.
Dorothy and I went to town yesterday afternoon. I bought some candy and suckers. I gave Grace and Elizabeth some candy and two suckers. I gave Grace a dime.
Thelma, Elizabeth, Dorothy, and I played tag last night. We had a good time.-Eloise Brent.
Barbara, Willene, Jewell, and I sweep the basement in the girls' dormitory every morning.
-Elizabeth Noblett.
Mrs. Ware took her class to Spring Creek last night to see the basketball game. They enjoyed watching it.
Mr. Fletcher came to see us

Tuesday afternoon. We went to the chapel and he told us a good story. He will come back again in March.
-Mattie O'Dell.
Some of the large boys helped Mr. Tollefson move the piano in the truck to the primary building Saturday. We had a dance in the dining room that night. I was sorry that I could not go. I watched the teachers and the girls and boys dancing for awhile. Mr. Drake asked me to go to Fannin Hall and get him a bottle of coca cola. He gave me a nickel.
-Ned Palmer.
THE READING HONOR ROLL OF THE ADVANCED
DEPARTMENT
At the beginning of this year a reading Honor Roll was established in the Advanced Department to promote interest in outside reading units. Each month the names of the students who have complied with the requirements are listed according to classes. The requirements are as follows:
1. The student must read at least one book outside of his class reading each week.
2. A reading report must be submitted on the book read.
3. Daily work of the pupil in class must be satisfactory.
The names of the pupils who have been listed each month for this year are as follows:
September-Class A. Florence Johnson Leonard Barrow Margaret Heidt Ethel Pope Ralph White Janetta Wilson Class B. No one. Class C. No one. Class D. No one. Class E. Julia Williamson
October-Class A. No one. Class B. No one. Class C. John Smith Dorothy Young Class D. Hazel McLendon Class E. Evelyn Doyle

November-Class A. Martha Anthony Ethel Pope Idell Rentz Class B. William Massey Class C. Hazel Baxley Dean Green Myrtle Turnage Dorothy Young Class D. Hazel McLendon Barbara Russell Mildred Scurlock Mary Taylor Class E. Pauline Carter Evelyn Doyle Laroy Garner Pauline Stith Susie Taylor Nettie Tucker
December-Class A. No one. Class B. Judson Carr Class C. No one. Class D. Hazel McLendon Mary Taylor Class E. No one.
January-Class A. Martha Anthony Esther Poole Ethel Pope Janetta Wilson Class B. No one. Class C. Hazel Baxley Evelyn Morgan Myrtle Turnage Dorothy Young Class D. Byron Avant Carl Barber Hazel McLendon Mildred Scurlock Mary Taylor Peggy Taylor Class E. Evelyn Doyle
February-Class A. Martha Anthony Florence Johnson Ralph White Janetta Wilson Class B. No one. Class C. Hazel Baxley Ralph Benson Elliott Jameson Evelyn Morgan Class D. Carl Barber Hazel McLendon Barbara Russell Mary Taylor Peggy Taylor Francine Waldrop Class E. No one.

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SCHOOL

PUBLISHED A THE
. . GEORGIA SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF. CAVE SPRING. GEORGIA

APRIL, 1941

VOL. 41

NO.7

MP

WHAT IS EDUCATION FOR THE COMMON DEFENSE?
It is individual, helping each person to make the most of his talents.
It is universal, seeking to educate all the children and all the people.
It is practical, helping prepare people to earn a good living.
It is civic, preparing individuals to be wise and loyal citizens.
It is spiritual, recognizing the eternal dignity of human personality.
A system of universal public education is the greatest common defense the American people have erected or can ereet.---School Life.

THE
Volume 41

SCHOOL HELPER

Cave Spring. Georgia, April, 1941

No.7

The Oral Method and Finger Spelling

by E. S. GREE WAY, B. Sc.

The Teacher of the Deaf, Auspices of National College of Teachers of the Deaf, England

T HE subject of finger-spelling is not new to teachers of the deaf and to many it will be wearisome. Yet the recently revived controversy has some serious implications and the vexed question of school methods needs clarifying and defining. In a recent article an attempt was made to prove that finger-spelling is a legitimate medium for the education of the deaf and on the same pages the interesting suggestion of Sir Richard Paget concerning the possibilities of the New Sign Language was adversely criticised. In the October issue ot "The Teacher" Sir Richard proposed an experiment to test the efficacy of his method. Whiie there may be theoretical grounds for the use of the N. S. L. it i' doubtful if any experienced teacher of the deaf would undertake the responsibility of such a test in the light of the lessons of the history of deaf education. Destructive criticism, however, should be forthcoming without some constructive proposals. The following is an attempt to show that while the Oral Method remains. in the opinion of the writer, the only sound basis for the education of the deaf. it is possible to correlate with it a limited use of finger spelling and that the combination of methods will have no detrimental effect on the oral standard of the school and at the same time will be of benefit to that section of the school most urgently needing assistance-th? totally deaf and the so-called Oral Failures.
Since the publication of the Eichholz Report in 1932 the edcational methods in schools for the deaf have been characterised by an increasing confusion. This is due to two factors. In the first in-

stance there was an unexpressed dissatifaction with the results of the Pure Oral Method and a consequent search of a remedy. The advent of Hearing Aids of the radio-value type and the researchers into Defective Hearing led to wider experiment and greater confusion. The remedy sought by those who were not content with the Pure Oral Method was the time-honoured one of FingerSpelling. This was not openly approved by the majority but it gradually crept into occassional use, especially in Senior Classes. When the stage was almost set for another conflict between the adherents to Pure Oralism and the advocates of Finger-Spelling the minds of all were distracted by the appearance of Hearing Aids of which subsequent years of labor and experiment have shown us their virtues and limitations. We know that they are not the panacea for all the ills of deafness. Yet from the brilliant work of the Ewings and others. in this field and in that of Defective Hearing, a new system of school classification has been evolved. Lack of uniformity in teaching method in the schools still remains and there is present a feeling of dissatisfaction with the results of Oral Teaching. This discontent is a healthy sign. It does not mean that Oralism has failed but it implies a fuller consciousness of the needs of the various types of deaf children and that our old methods must be improved and adapted to meet their varied requirements.
The period since the publication of the Eichholz Report has not been years that the locusts have eaten for we have gained valuable experience in new fields and some

important facts have merged upon which we can build a better method of education and of c1assification. The fact are these:

(1) The Oral Method IS still the best basis for all educational practice

in schools for the deai-but-

there are children for Whom

the 100 per cent oral method is

not suitable.

(2) Hearing Aids have not solved the

problem of oral education.

(3) Efficiency in speech unrelated to

ability in language is not the

chief criterion of successful ed-

ucation. In the past there has

been confusion between the l"e-

lative importance of Speech and

Language.

(4)

The Oral Method needs r;upplementing and adapting so that it

provides more effectively for

the needs of the totally deaf.

The Pure Oral Method is the idealist's method, for it represents an attempt to make the deaf child into a normal member of society or failing this to give him as large a share of normal life as is possible. This alone justifies it. Any other method tends to make the deaf child a being apart from society and a stranger to his own family. The psychological benefits of the normalising effects of the Oral Method cannot be overestimated. But we must not allow our ideals to blind us to reality and the facl is that the Pure Oral Method does not achieve satisfactory results with a large proportion of the totally deaf. Many of these children even with the best teachers never get intelligible speech and much precious time and labour is spent on an impossible task. Nol only is the effort wasted but the children's mental development is slowed up by failure to give them language. We must not be content to acknowledge this failure-we must seek a remedy. It was hoped

-(1)-

THE SCHOOL HELPER

April, 1941

that hearing 'aids would come to new language or as a means of ex- perfectly legitimate tool for the

our aid but they have only pro- pression. The system has failed education of the deaf when judged

vided a more efficient means of for them and yet instead of being by normal language standards.-

teaching speech and their useful- provided with a new medium for Signing. not finger-spelling, is the

ness has been largel y confined to instruction they are still taught by enemy of the oral method. Let us

the education of those pupils with the old methods. The child not make the mistake of confusing

a fair amount of hearing-the 2b should not be made to fit the sys- friend with foe. Finger-spelling

group. The deafest children for tem but the system should be made can promote language develop-

whom help is most urgently needed to fit the child.

ment, and language ability en-

are left as they were.
The Oral System has failed to achieve its best results because ther!.' has been confusion as to relative importance of Speech and Language. As teachers, our first task is to promote mental development

The Chairman of the College has urged "a general drive in speech" and every teacher will agree that this is necessary but at the same time it will be wise to consider how and where this drive is going to react in our own schools.

courages speech. Finger-spe\ling then is an indirect aid to the use of speech and need not supplant or suppress speech-teaching. It will
come to the aid of unsuccessful speech work for the promotion of language teaching.

along lines determined by society It must not mean a further martyr- We must follow the examples

and therefore language attainment dom of the Oral Failures. It must set out in Our own racial history

is of prime importance. In the not mean a dropping off in lang- and end feuds by marriages of the

first stages of the child's education uage teaching in the senior classes. rival parties. Let us unite finger-

speech plays an important role, for While by our efforts in improving spelling with Otalism and the

it provides the normalising atmos- the efficiency of our speech teaching fruits of the union will be better

phere and it is the foundation of we are seeking to reduce the number education for the deaf children.

that most important factor "speech of oral failures we must not for- Having done so what will our edu-

reading." In this stage prowess get to help those whom this drive ca tional scheme look like? There

in language and speech are reason- will not benefit.

can be no doubt that there should

ably close together but in the higher stages we generally find that progress in speech is an Arithmetic Progression whereas language a(tainment follows 'a Geometric one. The latter rapidly outruns the former and speech becomes in many instances an inefficient medium for language teaching and expression In the later stages of school life Language is undoubtedly the chief need of the child and yet too often valuable time is spent in trying to improve hopeless speech and then in using this poor tool as a meanS of teaching language. It is then that the Pure Oral System breaks down and it is why so many critics of Oralism are found among teachers of senior classes. The Oral teacher in the senior school has two tasks: the first is to teach his pupil language; the second to

The Pure Oral System as we know it fails for a proportion of the children. Something more is needed to give this section of the school a sound education. We need a new weapon in the later school period when language development is the chief consideration. Why not call in the help of Finger Spelling? Finger spelling has always had many strong and wise supporters especiall y among Missioners and Welfare Workers for the adult deaf. It is significant that the most ardent supporters of finger-spelling should be found here. These are the people who see the results of deaf education and who are most intimately connected with our pupils in their struggle for existence in the normal world. They realize, perhaps

be no interference with the Oral Method as it is practised in so many of our Infant and Junior schools. Here the psychological effect of its normalising influence is greatest. It is here that the foundations of the education of the successful speech pupils are laid. Here the child is given every opportunity in oral teaching and here the first classification is made. From these departments the pupils proceed into Intermediate school in two streams one the 2b group who can proceed on full oral lines and the other still to be taught orally but on more traditional deaf lines and with a view to further division as the oral failure'i become more apparent. At the end of this stage finger spelling could be introduced to facilitate language ;nstruction-to hel p

teach him to speak intelligibly. more than the class teacher, the those who are not up to standard

Whether or no he succeeds in th(' latter he must do the former, for upon this the child's future depends. Speech without adequat.. language in this stage is educationally valueless. Speech with language or language without speech but never speech and poor language. The Oral Failure are chil-

value of language; they know that in the working world "deaf" speech is little more than an academic accomplishment while good language is a vital necessity. It teachers can give this useful language to the deaf by the means of finger spelling then finger-spelling must be used.

in speech or in speech-reading and to develop accurate conversational use of language for all. The senior school will then divide into three streams-the 2b group as before, a 3v group comprising the oral successes and the 3t group who are our once called oral failures.

dren for whom speech has failed In a previous article it was ex- 3v is the group with useful either as a medium for teaching plained that finger-spelling is a (Continued on Page 12, Column 2)

-(2)-

Campus Beautiful
by HARRIET Co I OR STEVE
"Woodman, spare that tree Touch not a ingle bough In youth it sheltered me And I'll protect it now."
N o word could morefitl y expre m deepe t reverence for each one of the trees on our campu beautiful toda than those expre sed in the line above. "Touch not a single bough", To me the e trees form a acred shrine and their quiet hadow fall like a benediction out of the long ago, ot only did these bles ed old trees helter me in my own youth, but th y heltered my father in his youth a well, these turdy old warrior of mol' than a century's growth. There are other trees planted by my father's own hands. He loved them and faithfully cared for them for sixty year. They stand there today, their towering heights pointing to the stars,-a i1ent tribute to his memory. God bless him!
The spring breezes through the branches of our most venerable oak giant on the gra y knoll in the southwestern corner of our campus whisper w et mes ages of Mi s Robena Summers. our loved" iss Bean", who for forty- even years wa a member of our official family. It was in a cottage on this knoll that she was born in 1848. To me thi old forest veteran will '11ways be "Miss Bean' tree".
Far away down at the north end of our campu stands my own individual tree,-the holly grown from a part of the decorations used on the oc-
casion of my marriage in ovember 1892.
The willow about our chool ground came originally from the tomb of apoleon on t, Hel na. The magnolia in front of Freeman Hall was plant d by Dr, Philip Gillett, for so many years superintendent of the Illinois School for the Deaf and one of my father's closest friends.
Then there is the irginia Creeper from Dr. Gallaudet, originally planted at Gallaudet College by Emp ror Dom Pedro of Brazil, and the Virginia Creeper from t. Vernon. In fact on every hand, there are historic memories of pa t generations, reminders of the pr s nt, and dreams of the future.
All of which bring us do n to Arbor Day on April 10 and the plant-
ing of our 1941 cia s tr e, an 1m. This cia s cbos to honor the memory of Joseph H. John on, one of our earli t teach [ . whose father was a trustee. and who e whole family resided in our school for years, and who was later found r of the Alabama chool for the Deaf. For this fitting choice to honor one four profe sion's greatest men, Class of 1941, we salute you.
I wa very happy to note th keen intere t of our students and the nthu iasm hown over the idea that henceforth they would have a major part in k eping our campus beautiful.-just that in every sense of the word,-a campus beautiful. at only will each class have its tree, but ach tree will carr its own peculiar hi torical significance and in thi way forge a strong link in th chain between the tudents and their trees throughout the coming years.
There is nothing that draws u into a more intimate touch with nature and God than the awe-in pi ring majesty of a tree. The stren th of the gigantic oak, th daint airin s of the willow, the stately dignity of the elm, and the perp tual fr hne of the mountain pine all bear into our innermost souls the idea I of b amy and of ev rlasting life.

Nature Study

T HE following outline is used in the Primary Department. Our aim is to train the children to be close observers so that they can enjoy the beautiful things around us and to learn in a natural way the names of the most common trees, birds, flowers, insects, etc.
-Marie Kennard.
1. The Weather-sun, rain, snow, hail, sleet, frost, dew, clouds, wind, lightning, thunder
a. The Weather Calendar b. Effects of changes in weather;
as, freezing plants, evaporation of water c. Mark places on floor where sun shines early in the morning and at the close of school.
Observe the effects of sun on plants. Call attention to the fact that plants turn toward the sun. d. Shadows Observation of showers Work on shadows at play time. Stand with shadow in front of, behind, etc. Make shadows run, walk, etc. in front of and behind child. Call attention to length of shadow as compared to height of child. Observe shadows of trees, houses. etc. Make shadows on the wall.
II. Flowers and Planb a. Names of flowers in season b. Names of wild flowers c. Children arrange flowe.t'S brought to school and decide where to put them. d. Children care for plants and window boxes in room. e. Notice that some plants require more water than others. f. If possible each child plant a bulb and care for it during the winter. g. Parts of plants; as, roots, stems, leaves, buds, blossoms, petals h. Protecting plants from insects
III. Signs of Fall a. Observe trees, leaves, fruits, and nuts. b. Bring in the thought of harvest time. c. Leaves-why they fall Gather leaves of different kinds. Children draw, color, and make leaf books. Remind children that leaves are not dead.

d. Call attention to the migration of birds and the habits of squirrels.
e. Find empty bird nests and bird houses.
f. Names of birds that remain all winter
IV. Names of Common Trees; as, weeping willow, oak, cedar, elm, maple, pine, magnolia a. Class select a tree and study it all year. b. Parts of trees; as, roots, trunk, bark, limbs, branches, twigs, leaves, blossoms
V. Seeds
Collect seeds of all kinds. a. Notice shape, size, color
b. Use of seeds c. How seeds travel d. Parts of seeds we eat
VI. Changes of Seasons
a. Call attention to the fact that the days are growing shorter.
b. Make use of thermometer as seasons change and work in vocabulary. (Notice frost, frozen ground, ice, etc.)
c. Seasonal changes in plants, animals, trees
d. Signs of spring 1. Days grow longer 2. Nature awakening 3. Position of sun in spring as compared with that in fall and winter 4. Note degree of warmth as compared with same before this. 5. Take walks to note signs of spring. 6. Return of birds 7. Nest building
VII. Birds a. Names of birds as seen b. Study characteristics of common birds; as, robin, blue jay, sparrow, blue bird, woodpecker. c. Parts-head, breast, bill, tail, wings, feathers, claws d. Eggs-size and color
VIII. Rocks. Stones. and Pebbles Note sizes, shape, color, and formation
IX. Insecta a. Names of common insects, etc.; as, fly, mosquito, butterfly, earthworm, beetle, ant, spider, tadpole, turtle, grasshopper, snake, snail b. Are they helpers or do they do us harm?

Suggestions
1. Plants, Flowers. and Vegetables Measure off garden, prepare ground, mark rows, plant seeds, and care for garden. Notice growth. Watch for weeds. Reasons for keeping them out.
2. Put sweet potato in glass. Observe growth of roots.
3. Put grass and other seeds in large sponge and suspend sponge.
4. Cover plate with cotton. Plant wheat, oats, rye, and grass seeds. Notice germination.
5. Line a fish bowl with moss. Put green side toward glass. Plant ferns and partridge berry vines. Sprinkle lightly and cover with glass top. Keep top on all winter.
6. Make bird houses. Children decide where to hanlr them.
7. Experiments with pea, bean, and pumpkin seeds. Plant in shallow box. otice characteristics as seeds sprout.
8. Experiment with lima beans. Put in glass lined with cotton.
9. Root pussywiIlow switches. Notice bursting of buds.
10. Gather pine cones when out for walks. Think of ways to use them.
11. Turn children's thoughts to feeding birds in winter. Have feeding table or shelf. Let children put out a bird bath.
12. Try to have children see a canary in cage. Call attention to its food, bath, and how it keep's its bill sharp. Be sure that chIldren realize that canaries sing.
13. Cocoons Collect in winter, keep moist. and watch results.
14. When taking walks, call attention to forms of water as seen (pond, lake, creek, spring). Bring in vocabulary as suggested by these (watercress. pond lilies, mint, bridges, etc.).
15. Goldfish
a. Care of, feeding, etc.
b. How they breathe
c. Call attention to eyes.
d. Teach fins, scales, gills. etc. 16. When a very cold spell comes,
grasp the opportunity to show expansion of water. Fill bottle with water, cork, and leave out all night. See what happens. (Ice needs more room than water.) 17. Tadpoles
1. Get frog and toad eggs, keep in aquarium, watch changes.
2. Feed
3. Call attention to legs, head, skin, etc.

-(4)-

Among the Staff

by JULIA AR OLD

Who believes in the Easter Bunny? The G. S. D. teachers. Why? Haven't you heard,-they got an Easter vacation. And judging by the news items, they knew what to do with the vacation.

Miss Katharine Casey and Mrs. J. C. Connor attended the horse show at Bowling Green, Kentucky April 12.
Mrs. R. P. Kennard spent Saturday, April 12, in Atlanta.

Covering the table was a lovely cut-work and embroidered linen cloth and the central decoration Was a pyramid of choicest daffodils. Lighted candles in handsome crystal candelabra diffused a soft glow over the entire room.

Mr. and Mrs. R. W. Fincher and sons, Clark 'and Dan, recently
spent the week-end with Mr.. and Mrs. A. W. David of Augusta

Miss Catherine Barker, youngest daughter of Mrs. Green C. Barker, was united in marriage to Dudley Foss, of Lindale, at a sim-

Mrs. Leila Barnett and Mrs. Julia Arnold were among those assisting in entertaining. About one hundred guests called between

Mrs. Russell Irwin spent the week-end of April the eleventh in Atlanta with friends.
Miss Juliet McDermott went to Talladega, Alabama April fourth.
Olaf Tollefson, Connor Dil-

ple home ceremony Friday afternoon, April 4, at 5: 30 o'clock. The Rev. A. A. Tilly officiated with a ring ceremony. The house was simply but tastefully decorated with a variety of spring flowers.

the hours of four and six.
Miss Virgina Smith left Friday, April 4th to accompany friends on a motor trip to points in Florida. During her absence Mrs. John Kester taught her classes at the Consolidated School.

lard, Walter Wade, and Cecil White attended the bowling meet between the North Carolina frats and the Atlanta Division which

Miss Barker is the sister of Mrs. Albert Montgomery of New York who formerly taught in our school.

Mr. and Mrs. Wilson Montgomery have taken the home on Rome Street belonging to Miss Gussie Simmons and expect to

was held in Atlanta the twelfth.

Miss Jessie Stevens, who in May move about May first.

The bowling meet was also attended by Mr. and Mrs. Race Drake and Miss Annie McDaniel. Mr. and Mrs. Drake took in the Easter CarnivaL too.
Mrs. Jessie F. Jones spent Easter Sunday in Atlanta with relatives.
Miss A. May Clark spent the

will become the bride of Meade Wood, of Talladega, Alabama. was central figure Saturday aftcrnon, April 5, at an elaborate tea at which Mrs. C. H. Hollingsworth, Mrs. R. P. Kennard, Mrs. Roger Asbury and Miss Willie Ruth McKinney were hostesses in Mrs. Hollingsworth's apartment at the Georgia School for the

Mrs. Carl Reeves and Miss Pauline Camp returned April 4th from Savannah where they attended the convention of the Georgia Garden Clubs.
Mr. and Mrs. Malcolm Simmons of Decatur were the guests of Mr. and Mrs. C. H. Hollingsworth the week-end of April 5th.

week-end in Atlanta recently.

Deaf.

The HELPER extends sympa-

Miss Dorothy Stephens attended the Home Economics meeting at the General Forrest Hotel in Rome the fifth of April.
Mrs. Julia Arnold's daughter. who is in school in Savannah, spent the Easter vacation with her.

The attractive new apartment was decorated with a profusion of daffodils of many varieties. Bowls and baskets of this bright spring flower were artistically arranged about the rooms. Guests were greeted at the door by Mrs. Ruby D. Perry and little Rena Reeves re-

thy to Mrs. Jessie Forbes Jones and the family of the late C. S. Forbes who passed away April 1st. Mr. Forbes was among the oldest citizens of Cave Spring and was held in high esteem by all who knew him. For the past few years Mr. Forbes had been con-

Mr. and Mrs. J. R. Ware spent the week-end in Augusta with Mrs. Ware's sister, Mrs. A. W. David.
Mrs. J. K. Carpenter was absent for a week during this month on account of illness.
Mr. 'and Mrs. Fred Forbes took a group of young people to Rockmart Friday night to an Epworth League Rally.

ceived the cards. Mrs. Carl Reeves invited the callers into the reception room where the hostesses and guest of honor and Mrs. Malcolm Simmons, a guest of Mrs. Hollingsworth, were receiving.
In the dining room Mrs. A. N Tumlin and Miss Pauline Camp seated at the tea table poured coffee and tea from antique silver services. Assisting in passing cheese wafers, cakes and mints were

fined to his home following an accident in which he broke his shoulder. He had been a devoted member of the Presbyterian church since early manhood. Surviving him are his wife, two daughters, Mrs. Jones and Miss Grace Forbes, two sons, Hubert Forbes of Waycross and Fred Forbes of Cave Spring, and several grandchildren.
Miss Emmalee Jones, who came from Morganton, N. C. to attend

Miss Elizabeth Barnes spent the Mrs. A. J. Casey, Jr., Miss Kath- the funeral of her grandfather, C.

Easter vacation in Talladega with erine Casey, Miss Juliet McDer- S. Forbes, returned Sunday, Apnl

her parents.

mott, and Miss Kathryn Watson. 6.

-(5)-

THE SCHOOL HELPER

April, 194/

THE SCHOOL HELPER
All communications should be addressed to the School Helper, Cave Spring, Georgia.
Published monthly during the school year in the printing Department of the Georgia School for the Deaf.
Entered at the Post office at Cave Spring, Georgia, as second class matter November, 1899. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided in Section 1103. Act of October 3, 1917. Authorized October 31, 1918.
Subscription price is fifty cents for eight issues.

first milestone. After years of preparation on the part of both the student and teacher, the great day of graduation comes. With much celebrating and fanfare the diplomas are awarded, bags are packed, goodbyes are said, and the boy and girl walks out of the door for the last time. At this moment, if we should look, we would no doubt see a teacher standing by a window quietly watching and we feel sure that in her heart she is saying, "There goes a part of me. I have given her the best I had. May she have a safe voyage."

C. H. HOLLINGSWORTH . . . Editor ex-officio

JOHN L. CAPLE__ . . NELL A. GIBBONS. . . MARIE KENNARD. . . . BARTON CLARK

. . Editor . . .Assistant Editor . . .Associate Editor ... Printing Instructor

VOCABULARY OF THE BIBLE
T HE importance of special ministration to the deaf is illustrated by the difficulties of the typical Bible Class or religious program in the schools for

Vol. 41

April, 1941

No. 7 the deaf. As it occurs during the formative years of the deaf child, this function of our Church is valuable.

GRADUATION DAYS AHEAD

Effective teaching is needed here, as the only time when teaching will be available. For, in later years,

A FTER April Showers, come May Flowers, and after the Easter Parade, comes Graduation. Mingled with the feeling of happiness and joy pre-
v.alent at this season is a little heartache, for gradua-

the deaf boy or girl will have to depend on the printed page for further instruction: and fundamental ideas are difficult to understand in print if one does not possess an adequate vocabulary.

tIOn to most me'ans not only a triumphant' conclusion For instance, there is that simple statement in the

of twelve years of study and pleasure but also separa- Apostle's Creed: "He rose again from the dead." In

tion from school and friends. Partings are not pleas- a class of deaf boys twelve to fifteen years old, nearly

ant. But joy is predominant and sadness recedes. everyone defined "rose" as a red flower, and to them

A few years ago, the writer sat in a summer schooi class of a southern university, conducted by an executive of the world's largest ship building company. We often coaxed him to tell us of the subject nearest his heart. "Ships." One day he related the story of "The Building of a Ship." He told how it progressed day by day, week by week, year by year.
From blue prints to foundry, to shops and to the final day of completion when she was ready for the big day. Crowds gather and bands playas the beautiful ship is christened and given a short trial run. After the crowds leave the ship returns for its fin'al check-up and finishing touches. Then-without the bands playing, and without the throng of spectators, she sails away to take her place in the shipping lanes. It is at this moment that every man in the great organization quietly finds a place by a window and stands, cap in hand, silently watching. If one had the power to read thoughts running through their minds the probable trend would be thus: "There goes a part of me. For three years I have given the best I had to her. Safe voyage."

the entire clause was incomprehensible. One boy, on being pressed to say what he thought a flower could possibly have to do with the matter, mumbled something about funeral decorations. The fact of the matter was that these boys had never before encountered the word "rose" used as a verb. Not that they lacked any mental conception of the action involved, bu.t had merely learned to express it in different words, such as "I got up this morning." and "The
sun came up."
The vocabulary of the Bible, and of most religious instruction, is archaic and to a great degree removed from the speech of today. Rare is the school teacher who can take his deaf pupils off on pleasant excursions into the realm of outmoded phraseology. That task, necessary 'as it is, devolves much more upon the pastor and the missionary. Theirs is the responsibility of initiating our deaf children into the mysteries of "quoth", "hath", "behold", "beseech", "hewn", "hearken", "rend", "raiment", "verily", "vouchsafe", "wast", "wert", "wroth", "whilst", "whence", "whithersoever", and all the other hard words that make the reading of the Bible a formid-

As I heard this story, my thoughts turned to an- able undertaking for young people. All power to

other group of workers, teachers of the deaf. They our missionaries whenever their paths cross those of

are molding citizens instead of ships, and insteaq of the state school for the deaf, And three cheers for three years, their work covers a period of twelve or Thomas G~lIaudet Church School in C.ol?rPbus, .and more years. Playing the part of father, mother, other establishments of the sort, where It IS explallled

teacher and friend these teachers are diligently pre- that, when Adam and Eve were "driven" out of the

paring boys and girls not only for a "trial run" but Garden of Eden, the thing was done without the use

for a definite place in the world. Graduation is the of horses or reins or even a steering-wheel.

-The Silent Missionary.

-(6)-

Superintendent's Corner

"GOD A Great

has an-

Leader

swered Our

prayers." so

intoned the Rev. Robert C.

Fletcher of the Province of Sewanee

of the Protesant Episcopal Church.

The occasion was a special assembly

of the Advanced and Intermediate

Department in the chapel of Free-

man Hall honoring a committee

of gentlemen from the Georgia

State Legislature.

missioned, in the Province of Sewanee, a general missionary to the deaf, he regularly visits and holds services in the state schools for the deaf in these nine states, as well as holding services for deaf people in many cities and small towns throughout this area. A talented and versatile speaker and a high type Christian gentleman, he has won the admiration and respect of all, particularly of the

These words and the subsequent

address, coming from the lips of I

this eminent divine, was not a

prearranged part of the program.

The speaker had just dropped by,

in between regular appointments,

to see us while en route from

Birmingham to fill an engagement

in Atlanta. Had he been pre-

paring for months to speak at this

time. he could not have done the

occasion greater justice. The

eloq uence and earnestness of this

deaf preacher was something at

which to marvel. From the time

of this early pronouncement to the

time his voic~ Jid 0\lt at the end

of the discourse, his audience was

rapt with attention. With con-

trite spirits and shining eyes all

were caught in a spell of hallow-

ed hush as this good man enumer-

ated and magnified our many bles-

sings. His clear and modulated

speech belied his physical handi-

cap. His beautiful flowing signs,

made as he spoke, detracted not one whit from what he said. His

Rev. Robert C. Fletcher

deaf audience hung on his every interpretation. Those who could hear eagerly awaited and embraced each spoken word. These impressions and the indelible imprints made on the minds and hearts of the student body, staff, and visitors alike epitomizes the earnestness and influence of the man whom we, in our humble and weak way, would honor. Too, we feel that it is good to give to the living, during their time of good service, our bouquets.

great number of students with whom he associates and to whom he preaches. His influence in directing their spiritual lives cannot be over-estimated. Being deaf himself since early childhood and having acquired a finished education despite this physical handicap. he stands a living and inspirational example of the value of an education to a deaf person. His struggle through the elementary schools, high school, and finally to a coveted graduation from Gal-

There is probably not a greater laudet College and the Phil-

educational and spiritual force iI'. adelphia Theological School is

all our group of souteastern states well-known history. However.

than is the Rev. Robert C. the most admirable quality Gf

Fletcher of Birmingham. Com- this good man and the quality

that m'arks his true worth is the use to whic.h he pUts his training and s'pl~nd~9. tale,nts. Certainly, the miSSIon to which he has given himself amplifies the magnanimity of his sterling character.
By virtue of his affliction the Rev. Mr. Fletcher knows very much better than the average person the dearth of recreational, educational, and spiritual guidance provided those sorely handicapped as himself. Imbued with a burning desire to promote the best interests of all the deaf youth of our land and possessing a high quality intellect, his influence proves a positive force extending into the promotion of progressive educational advancement in a host of schools. Add to this the influence and leadership exerted among the deaf themselves and you glean some slight conception of the value and importance of this beloved friend of these handicapped people.
May he prosper and his fine service long continue, is our prayer!

O School Will
Operate tne

N notice of reo cent substan-

Months This

tial approval

Year

by the State

Budget Com-

mISSion of our budget request for

the quarter beginning April I, we

are enabled to announce that school

will continue a full unbroken

thirty-six weeks session this year.

The very nature of the deafness

handicap requires certain skills and

precisions in the teaching process

that demand a closer and more un-

broken application to the task.

As evidence of the importance of

the time element, our academic

and vocational departments are

enthusiastically meeting this chal-

lenge of additional time in prepar-

ing to round out the full require-

ments of a normal years' work;

and are looking forward to the

creditable graduation of the second

class of recent years from the

Georgia School for the Deaf.

-(7)-

Alumni News

by W. JEFF SCOTT

SHALL I get back to What the deaf are doing and their hobbies? The writer gets a real kick out of the latest news of the doings here in the "Empire City." So here he goes with another lin;: up.
Mr. Douglas Hitchcock, as you all know, was the star player of the basketball team of the G.S.D. back yonder in the "Gay Nineties." Being a tall player he just tipped the ball in the ring from the center of the court without making a step. Mr. Hitchcock is employed at Russell Toy Factory. He has been in this service for quite a few years. The writer visited this huge plant some time ago and the foreman told me that this guy was one of the best workers they have. But here is a problem that the writer can't understand. Dougla" makes millions of toys a year for millions of little tots, yet he has no kids of his own to play with the toys he makes. So how does he know what they want? I dunno, but maybe his wife tests them out herself before the orders are produced. He has a fin~ bunch of hobbies, too. They are 10 combination numbers. He likes to show his wife how a real cook should fix the table. He likes to hunt birds that are easy to get. Lately he took up bowling and seems to hit more pins with a ball than he could with a machine gun. Mrs. Hitchcock is another hit of the parade in the line up, too. She was a Tom boy during school days and a star player of the girls' basketball team. Every time she missed a shot at the goal she spread the snake tongue at the writer. Mrs. Hitchcock, is employed at the Youth Form Company. She has been trying to bring the fat lad.ies back to their girlish figures with Youth Forms. If she has a hobby it is wearing red. It might be said that she wears red all the year around. Her chief hobbies are "Fussing" with the incomers and the outgoers and she never lets down on any body. Lately she tried to take up bowling but the

ani y pin she knocked down was with her foot. Above all Alice is a good sport!
Mrs. Mae Bridges-Wow! (l don't mean Mae West.) I am getting the jitters 'about what to say about this one and would like to have the promise of the whole force of the National Guards for protection before I start. Will they stand by me ? We all call her "Mama," but the writer calls her "Fa tty." Before her marriage she was Mae Spurling, sister of "Uncle Andy." She was another star player of the girls' basketbaJ! team, always standing under the gO'al post waiting to make sure that the ball entered the ring, and if it did she told the coach they had scored two points. It seems that Mae had the biggest thrills of life at school. The writer recalls that she once tried to teach his class and busted an ink well and the juice went flying in the laps of another one who had on her Sunday dress. Mae was so tickled over the show that she had to excuse us. "Fatty" is employed at the Youth Form Company,too. She has suggested that the fat men should reduce by starving to death. She has a fine hobby, too. When all of you ladies get lonesome just form a party and get her to entertain you with a story. Mr. Bridges is a finz gentleman and has his own business where he is under nobody's nose. He does not have to bother about using his wife's comb (or anyone else's) and the barber never gets a chance to look him over. Mr. Bridges is a world war veteran, went to the front line and gave those Germans some of "Uncle Sam's" bullets. He dreads the thoughts of it and hardly ever talks of the war days.
To be continued in the next Issue.
On February 15th, Mr. and Mrs. John Davis, Douglas Hitchcock, Rupert Cooper, Capt. Rush Letson and the writer motored to Charlotte, North Carolina to give those boys up there some

inside dope on bowling. We were surprised that Mr. and Mrs. L. W. Alderman came in Saturday morning, making their trip by bus. Charlotte has a fine team of duck hunters, but to our dismay they are unaware of Ten Pin bowling, while the Atlantans could not tell a duck from a goose. So we took our cannon balls and began to chase the ducks all over Charlotte. Upon adding up the score w,' found our cannon balls outscored the "Tar Heelers" for two games. So we took them down to the artillery training ground where we have been on the National defense for some time. Those "Tar Heels" sure outscored us till the last elephant left the den. Those bowlers had us on the guessing points for the rest of the night. The Charlotte division entertained the visitors at the hotel where a large number of visitors from other parts of the States took part in the affairs. So long Charlotte bowlers, we are waiting for you to come down here on the 12th of April and see what the results will be. Atlanta is waiting to welcome you and when the battle is over we will see if we can find you for the smoke.
On March 8th a number of Atlantans motored to Bimingham to see what they had in store for us there. It was understood that the "Barns" has been drilling their men like the army to drive us nuts. When the gun went off Atlanta's team drove the "Barns" bowlers over a hundred miles back to "No Man's Landi." In ,the second game of the fight tbe "Barns" sent out S. O. S. calls for a reinforcement. This time th;:y drove us back half way, The third game the "Barns" decided that the Atlanta team was far from getting any more men from the camp, so as luck would have it, the "Barns" had the pin boy to glue our pins down and when their men went to bowl to shake down their pins for them. It all ended up with a most enjoyable game with the "Barns" winning 2 to 1.

-(8)-

THE SCHOOL HELPER

pril, 194/

Just wait. we are going to give those boys the stuff they need when they meet here on our alley May 3-4. We have the largest alley in the South. They do not know what we have that they have not. So if you think you can lick us we are ready.
After the game the visitors were entertained at a delightful dinner down town with a number of speakers and the most glorious song sung by Mrs. Chunn. She has composed an interesting bowling hymn that is a big inspiration. The writer is going to have her broadcast it over the radio. The next day, Sunday, the Atlanta bowlers took on the Talladega boys for a game with a winning score of 2 to 1 in favor of Atlanta.
"The Barns" sure know how to make you feel at home. Everybody had a most enjoyable time over the week-end and we are looking forward to putting them back just where we left them when they show up here May 3-4. How about it "Barns"?
The writer would like to know what has became of this fellow Parks. who is always telling the folks how the world is made? Some of the bowlers would like to meet him in a single handed game if he is willing to take it. What do you say, Roy?
How about Mr. Hollingsworth? We are wondering if he stilll takes his daily swims in the lake-but guess it is a little chilly yet. Guess he gets more pleasure out of his cob pipe than any thing else and his daily naps, too.
Cameraman Caple, what has become of all of those pictures you have taken lately? We hope that you have not broken the camera. Come on with something as we have been missing you.
Well folks, it gives me great pleasure to introduce a fellow who is back home after an absence of several months. He has been out 01 the State of Georgia for some time trying to learn the art ?f printing and press-work. It IS under-

stood tbat he Was tbe general super intendent of a large printing enterprise somewhere over in Alabama. He claimed that his boss had too many salesmen on the staff and only one man to be the jaintor and he was "it." This fellow is working with the writer or rather trying to work and never talk on the job. because he is dreaming of the girl he left bebehind over there.
Meet Mr. Ernest Herron. So let us see what he has written for us. Thank you, Ernest, for this fine article you have given us.
ALUMNI NEWS
by Ernest Herron
Jeff Scott, the "Big Boss" of the G.A.D. has gently requested (blackjack in hand) that we help out with the Alumni column this month or else. The "or else" sounded very ominous so we have decided that it might be wise to comply with the request.
The writer has returned to Atlanta after spending eight months in Alabama and is busy renewing old friendships and visiting old haunts or, as one "Smart Alec" puts it: "Digging up the bones he buried before he left." Alabama and Alabama people were nice and we miss the many good friends we made while there but it is nice to be back home again. We are employed at The Harland Printing Co. in the same department with Jeff Scott who admits without blushing that he is the world's best printer.
At Harland's we have made the acquaintance of Mr. Gene Watson, press room superintendent. who tells us that he coached the basketball team at G.S.D. back in 1917. Do any of you old timers remember him?
We dropped in on Mr. and Mrs. Howard (Dagwood and Blondie) Sturgis a few nights ago and found them deep in the problem of whether or not to buy a new car. It was an interesting discussion with Howard doing the listening. When we left she had not yet made up their minds. Baby Dumpling

was sleeping peacefully through it all. dreaming of lollypop trees and bottomless ice cream dishes.
SIGHTS AROUND TOWN!
The Saturday afternoon crowd at the bowling alleys. Scowls and head shaking when a hook goes awry and smiles and back patting when a strike is scored. The scorer is always standing knee-deep in kibitzers.
Bernard Gordy standing speculatively in front of a down town theatre featuring a shoot-ern-up western picture.
L. B. Dickerson strolling along Peachtree deep in thought, his twofor-a-nickel clutched firmly between his teeth. It is said that L. B. was once caught in a cyclone and lost everything except his cigar. On calling at his home one Sunday afternoon we found him sound asleep with his cigar in his mouth.
Esteben Ward getting ready to pay a bill and frantically going through his pockets trying to discover in which one he deposited his pay check and giving a big sigh of relief when he finally locates it.
Mrs. Leonard McLean hotly denying a recent report in this column that she never sews buttons on her husband's shirts and threatening vengeance on Jeff Scott for making such a statement. Watch out Jeff! P.S. We notice that Leonard's shirts had all the buttons on last week-it pays to advertise.
Jim Ponder standing in front of a men's shop looking at thr display of elastic things recommended for a trim "figger." Yep. Jim is filling out these days. Gained about thirty pounds in the past year.
Reports coming out of Lawrenceville, Georgia inform us that Elise Sawyer has been trying horseback riding but that she is cured now. Seems the horse and Elise had different ideas about turning a corner with the horse

-(9)-

THE SCHOOL HELPER

April, 1941

going one way and Elise the other hand that has carried the saw, interest these outstanding citizens

way. The horse kept going but hammer, shovel and pick must now in our school and our problems.

Elise stopped in a puddle of red rock the cradle for---Suzanne Has

Georgia clay. Treatment for her bruises consisted of a poultice made of feather pillows.
Spring is in the air again. Hark! is that the crack of the bat we hear? We expect that the men will soon be forsaking the bowling alleys in favor of the bleachers. It's a good thing that His Honor the Umpire can't understand sign language. We hear the men do not like Ladies night at the ball games. On other days they pay four bits for a bleacher seat while on Ladies' night they must shell out six bits plus tax for the privilege of sitting in the grandstand with friend wife and explaining to her that the pitcher is not a good pitcher even if he does hit their bats every time, "and that when a runner steals a base he does not put it under his

Arrived!
Storied windows, richly dight
Casting a dim religious light. There let the tired mother snore
While poor John Caple walks the floor.
We offer our sincere congratulation to Editor and Mrs. Caple upon the advent of little Miss Suzanne Janice Caple who "discovered America" March 21, 1941.
Please be lenient with us if this issue of the HELPER is running behind schedule. Who could come down to earth for the sake of a mere paper when there is a new boss taking over the reins at home?

We hope that the contacts which we have made and th~ interest which has been aroused in our pupils will in time be of aid to the school and perhaps be the means of obtaining employment for some of our boys and girls. We have received many queries concerning our vocational department and along what lines our pupils are trained. One gentleman who operates a large mining industry and employs many workmen was deeply interested in the children. He had never contacted a deaf person before "and seemed quite disappointed that a very small pupil to whom he spoke could not understand him. However he was later seen engaged in conversation with an older group of children.

shirt and try to sneak out of the THE CHEERING SQUAD

Another instance is a minister

O park with it.

UR cheering squ"ad, composed of state-wide reputation who be-

See you at the ball park folks!

of twelve boys and twelve girls, has been much in demand

came interested in the deaf children when we gave our program

for programs this spring. Our in Cedartown. He has since

first appearance was at the Ex- visited our school and recently

NEW STAFF MEMBER

change Club in Rome several gave a most delightful talk to the

March I wenty-first! Spring weeks ago. After that we were children during chapel service. It

flowers, sunshine, and joy ever- invited to appear before the means much to the boys and girls

lasting. Those of us who have Kiwanis Club in Cedartown and to realize that men like this want

lived on a farm know full well the shortly afterwards at the Kiwanis to know them better and are inter-

joy of a brimming cup of sassafras Club in Rome. Our fame must ested in them to the extent that

tea "to thin the blood." The have spread for on Monday, April they will leave their other duties

women! __-And who can herald 14, we journeyed to Cartersville to come and visit them.

the coming of spring in better style? Silk dresses-woolen dresses--cotton dresses .-in competition with nature in all her loveliness. Birds!- robins- bluebirdsredbirds- blackbirds- all forecasting the coming of new life. Trees! dogwood- redbud- apple and peach proclaim the long-sought-forspring.
Ah, yes, all messengers of

where we gave a program before the Rotary Club. All of our efforts have been wonderfully received and many compliments have been passed on our programs which are made up for the most part of our school songs and yells. We have also included a little patriotic touch in the singing of "America", "God Bless America", and the pledge to the flag.

We do not want to create a wrong impression when we say that our children "sing". We do not mean that they actually "carry a tune". It would perhaps be a more correct statement if we said "chanted". What-ever verb is used, however, is meant to convey the idea that the children are trained in perfect rhythm, accent, and modulation which with 0.

spring, but even these must pass We are always glad to give a piano accompaniment gives a very

into insignificance when compared demonstration of our work be- pleasing result.

to the light and airy step of one cause the public in general knows

of those who toils "among us. With little of our school and the things We have gotten a real inspira-

hands that have grown hard and we are doing here. We do not tion from each program which we

horny with the innumerable hand- consider that we are merely "put- have given and sincerely hope that

shakes of congratulations from his ting on a show" for the momen- the different organizations have

fellow workers, he spreads light tary entertainment of the groups enjoyed having us as much as we

and glory as only Mendelssohn's before which we appear, but we have enjoyed being with them.

Spring Song could. Yes, the hope by this method that we may

-Nell A. Gibbons.

-(10)-

Pupils' Locals

Dorothy Young enjoyed looking for signs of spring on the afternoon of April 7. Mrs. Montgomery took the C class around the campus and beside the lake and through the park. They saw many pl'etty flowers and much green grass. Dorothy is glad that spring has come.
Horace Johnson received a letter from Mr. Johnson at noon April 9. Horace was delighted to know that his father was still working in the stove foundry in Atlanta. Mr. Johnson sent permission for Horace to spend the Easter week-end at home.
Ralph Benson went to Cartersville with some of the boys and girls to put on a program for the members of the Rotary Club Monday, April 14. They. had a nice time there and also on the trip going and coming.
Laroy Garner has practiced football for three weeks and he will miss it when Thursday brings the end of the spring football practice. He enjoys playing football very much and prefers it to either basketball or softball. He will be glad to practice track next week.
Some of the girls had a good chance to skate on the sidewalk April 2 as they had nothing else io do all afternoon. Evelyn Doyle went very fast. She tried to turn to thp. left, but she could not. Suddenly she grabbed hold of a tree and the tree scraped her arm, but she enjoyed skating just the same.
Pauline Stith's Easter outfit con sisted of a flowered silk dress and a dark blue silk redingote. She looked very stylish in them.
The D Class had a caller who visited their classroom April 10. He came just to sleep under their desks. The visitor was a puppy that the boys are keeping for a pet. One of his ancestors was a wire-haired terrier. He is a mongrel.
Ralph White enjoyed Dr. ath Thompson's Arbor Day address April 10. His subject was Arbor Day and the Spirit of Civic Betterment. The speech was entertaining as well a. inspiring to all.

Ethel Pope had her tonsils removed April 9. She hopes that he will feel lots better after the operation.
A surprise birthday luncheon was given to Hazel McLendon on March 31 by Florence Johnson, Martha Anthony, and Hazel Baxley. Hazei said that she had never enjoyed such a good lunch in her life and was never so much surprised.
The boys had three weeks of spring football practice. They have learned some new signals so that they will be prepared for next fall. The practice was stopped April 10 so that the boys could practice track. Carl Barber wishes that they could have practiced football for a few more \veeks.
Francine Waldrop enjoyed the program which was held in the auditorium Friday, April 4. It was Pinocchio which was given by the Intermediate Department under the direction of Miss Paris. It was the best program this year.
The Easter week-end was one of the most enjoyable which Mildred Scurlock has spent at home in a long time. She spent one day in Chat tanooga with her sister, Ruth. Easter Sunday Mildred went to church and wore a fine new Easter outfit.
Thursday, April 10, 1941 was a bu y day in Freeman Hall. Two programs were given by the Advanced Department: an Arbor Day program at 10 :30 and an Ea tel' pageant at 2 o'clock. Leonard Barrow was Judas in the Easter pageant and he hopes that everybody enjoyed the pageant.
Donald Turner was the host of Ralph White over the Easter weekend. Donald enjoyed having Ralph as a guest in his home, and both boys reported that every minute of their time was full.
The Camera Club meets every Wednesday night. Bill Ma sey is iis pre ident. He likes to develop pictures. He has grown to be an expert in both developing and printing pictures.

Monday afternoon John Smith practiced football' from 4 :30 until 6 o'clock. Jack Sellers ran and hit him on his leg. He fell down, and skinned his wrist on Horace Johnson'" shoe. His wrist was swollen and it felt as if a bee had stung him.
Annie Logan had a letter from Lona Holland April 8 saying that she had not found a job, but she was making dresses, shirts, and other things for her friends and neighbors. She said to tell everybody who knew her hello and to give them her love,
Mary Taylor's favorite sport this spring is softball. She is glad that the winter season has gone so she can play softball every afternoon except rainy ones. She hopes that the girls who will play against the hearing girls will beat them badly.
The Senior Class sponsored all Arbor Day program April 10. Dr. Nath Thompson, pastor of the First Methodist Church in Cedartown, addressed the student body on the sub, ject: Arbor Day and the Spirit of Civic Betterment. Afterwards a class tree was planted on the lawn of our campus. Ralph White hopes that the program was enjoyed by the others as much as by him.
Easter has just passed and Byl'on Avant enjoyed his trip to Atlanta and spending the week-end with his sister, Louise.
Martha Anthony was filled with amazement April 6 to see her mother and father who brought her brother who is in the army in Chicago to sec her. Her aunt and uncle came along with their two boys. They all brought heI: many Easter gifts and she enjoyed seeing them as well as receiving the lovely gifts.
The graduation at G. S. D. will take place on May 23, 1941. There will be eight graduates. Esther Poole hopes that her family and friends from Columbus will come to see her graduate.
Janetta Wilson has read all the books required on the Gallaudet College reading list except The Lay uf the Last Minstral. She is going to

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THE SCHOOL HELPER

April, J94J

the Carnegie Library in Atlanta to get this book because the school does not have it. She will have completed the record and will start reviewing for the examination which will be held May 15 and 16. That time is not far off, so Janetta you had better put on your thinking cap.
Mr. Killian spent the Easter weekend at his home. Teddie Waters acted as the supervisor of the small boys for the three days that Mr. Killian was gone. Teddie was glad to assist Mr. Killian, but he would rather be a printer than a supervisor.
All day Easter Idell Rentz thought about her family and wondered what they Were doing. She was disappointed that they could not come to see her, but she enjoyed Easter very much.
Margaret Perdue has been taking a first aid course in the hospital since Christmas. Mrs. Hood teaches six of the advanced girls how to take care of sick patients. They have taken care of the patients who had their tonsils and adenoids removed. She thinks they are getting braver in nursing.
Louise Maynard thought that the play, Pinocchio, was one of the best that she had ever seen
William Bell, Elliott Jameson and another boy went hiking the first week in April. They looked for rabbits in a corn field which was one mile from our school. They crossed the fields and woods. Finally when they came into the forest, a rabbit jumped out from under the leaves just as if it were a bomb going off. They had no time to catch it because it jumped up and ran away.
It was a great shock to Jack Sellers when he heard about the death of Claude Campbell's fathp.r. Claude is an orphan now. Jack appreciates his own father and mother so much more because he realizes that Claude has no parents to take care of him.
Spring practice for football is over now. Maurice Samples has learned more about blocking. He can hardly wait for fall so that he can put 1.0 use the things he has learned on some opposing team.

THE ORAL METHOD AND
FINGER METHOD
(Continued from Page 2)
hearing-the oral successes, 3t represents the totally deaf and the "oral failures."

DEPARTMENT CLASSIFICATION

Nursery

No grouping

Intermediate

Preparation for grouping

Junior

Group 2 b Group 3

I \ \-

Senior

2b I~I 3t I

METHOD
Full Oral Methods using amplifiers, etc.
As above but at the end of the period the children should begin to separate into two distinct groups.
Group 2b will be taught on normal lines for this group. Group 3 will follow the full Oral Method but finger-spelling can be introduced as division into 3v and 3t starts.
Group 2b as before on full oral lines plus subsidiary finger-spelling.
3t with finger-spelling as chief medium for teaching.
The above plan follows the suggestions of the Report on Defective Hearing with regard to classification and does not destroy the Oral foundation of our educational system. Let us be honest with regard to our failures and do something to better the lot of the unfortunate totally deaf who gain little or nothing from hearing aids. If the 2b group are taught in the same building there is no reason why they should not be taught fingerspelling indirectly ,-not for use in the classroom but as a means of accurate communication with the non-speaking deaf. This will prevent the growth of signing for it is well known that the partially deaf are as prone to sign as are the totally deaf. If finger-spelling is given honest recognition and use, much will be done to improve the

standard of language in the schools and speech teaching need in no ways suffer-it should in fact become more effective for it will be applied where it will be most beneficial and wasted efforts will be eliminated.
Any consideration of school organization on the above lines will inevitably lead to the question of a National Classification. Numbers play a great part in any effective system of classification and it is obvious that many of our schools are too small for a threestream system such as the one given above. The remedy is obvious and we must not allow our children to suffer because our organization is a fault. The College must press on for a better national organization in education. The war has called a halt to many of our normal activities but a time will come with victory for a rebuilding. In this enforced haIt let us make plans to put our educational system in order. Our greatest needs are for a national classification and within it a standardised system of school organization. When we have obtained this our work as teachers will be much more effective and the lives of our pupils much richer. But we shall have to fight for it. Day by day we are learning the bitter lessons of unpreparedness in warfare. Let us be prepared in our fight against deafness and' make our plans for a better school system. We need to rebuild. Then "let us build as men must build, with the sword in one hand and the trowel in the other."
-Rochester Aduocate.
COVER DESIGNS
W E wish to express our appreciation to Margaret Perdue for the pretty Easter lily which adorns the cover of the HELPER this month. Margaret has given us several pretty cover designs this year which we have failed to give her credit for. We appreciate the splendid work of the pupils which adds much to the attractiveness of our publication.

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'.-

SCHOOL
C
L A S
S
o
F
'4
1

PUBLISHED AT. THE
- GEORGIA SCHO L FOR ~ THE DEAF, CAVE
SPRI G, GEORGIA

~ .-,... MAY, 1941

VOL. 41

O. 8

CLASS OF 1941

PRESIDE T_ VICE~PRESIDE T SECRETARY TREASURER __ _

OFFICERS
____ _ __

RALPH WHITE IDELL RENTZ
___ ETHEL POPE ESTHER POOLE

COLORS: Red, white, and blue.

FLOWER: Sweetheart rose

MOTTO:
"After the rain, the rainbow."

COMMENCEMENT SONG

'Tis June, the month of roses, Of golden, sunny hours,
Of liquid bird notes calling, The men th of sun and flower:;;
l' nd Nature's myriad voices From field and stream repeat
TI:e song our hearts are singing Ccmmencement Day to greet.

TO more the good old friendships, No more the well-known ways; For us new paths must open, New duties fill our days. nut time can never alter Devotion tried and true, A nd Memory will make sweeter The joys that here we knew.

o Right joyfully we hail thee, long-expected day. Yet there's a thrill of sadness
That will not pass away, For autumn's golden weather
o more for us will tell 1 he hour of glad returning
To scenes we've loved so well.

So. Classmates, stand together, As heartily we raise
One'loyal song at parting
In Alma Mater's praise. 1ay Fortune smile upon her.
May men her naIlle enthrone. j\ nd we forever cherish
H~r honor as our own. -Mary S. Morison.

THE
Volume 41

SCHOOL HEL'PER

Cave Spring, Georgia, May, 1941

'- ,

No.8

Graduation Exercises

May 26, 1941

Consolidated School Auditorium

I VOCATIO

.

.

The Rev. Mr. A. A. Tilly

ALICE I Wo DERLAI D

A Four Act Play .

.. __.

SALUTATORY _ _ __ _

VALEDICTORY

.__ ._ .

Pupils of the Primary, Intermediate, and Advanced Departments

.

Margaret Perdue

. _...

.

Ralph White

SCHOOL AWARDS

Mr. C. H. Hollingsworth

BACCALAUREATE ADDRES

.__ ._.

.

Mr. Ralph T. Jones,

Associate Editor, Atlanta Constitution

PRESE TATIO OF DIPLOMAS _.

Mrs. Albert M. Hill,
Director, Diuision of Institutions, Department of Public Weffare

A OUNCE IE TS. .

---- -- ..-- -- ---- ---- Mr. C. H. Hollingsworth

ALMA MATER . .

BE EDICTIO

.

.

---- ---- ---- ---- Pupils of the Advanced and Intermediate Departments
---- ---. ---- ---- The Rev. Mr. E. H. Blackburn

SUPERI TENDE T C. H. HOLL! GSWORTH

'- .
Superintendent's Message
Y ou. the Class of 1941, are the second high school class of recent years to be graduated from the Georgia School for the Deaf. As you are ;lware, our present advanced department was organized four years ago. Our school now takes its place along with the best of other state schools for the deaf in offering a full junior high school cou.rse to all with special advanced college preparatory courses for these possessing proper aptitudes, ability, and ambition to meet college requirements. Since you are the second class to be graduated under this new program, you join the group of last year with a special responsibility resting on your shoulders. You must. through your own accomplishments. justify this added advantage given you.
You. who elect to attend college next fall, do so with tile full determination to make good, to carry through to the end. In whatsoever you prepare yourself to do. follow that course with credit and distinction, both to yourself and to your fellowman. Carry the banner high that proclaims the advantages of advanced educational opportunities to those handicapped with deafness. To you whose fortunes. perhaps, do not favor a full college course, continue your preparation in whatsoever course or work you pursue. Build on that foundation already acquired to an independent and happy citizenship that asks special favors of no one.
We are proud of your accomplishments to date and wish for you a full measure of continued success and happiness.

ETHEL MAE POPE
SECRETARY OF SENIOR CLASS
Girl Scout Scribe, '37, '38; Girl Scout Leader, '38; Member of Lyceum Club, '38, '39, '40, '41; Member of Hobby Club, '38, '39, '40, '41; Member of Reading Club, '38, '39; Member of Athletic Association, '39, '40, '41; President of Junior Class, '40; Superintendent of Sunday School. '39, '40; Little Cracker Staff, '39, '40; Associate Editor of Blue Jay, '40, '41; Secretary of Home Economics Club, '40, '41.
"Be what you seem to be." She is, in all sincerity
ELLA IDELL RENTZ
VICE-PRESIDENT OF SENIOR CLASS
Vice-President of Baptist Bible Class, '40; Treasurer of Sunday School. '39; Vice-President ot Junior Class, '40; Member of Dancing Club, ':;8. '39, '40, '41; Member of Lyceum Club, '38 '39, '40, '41; Member of Home Economics Club, '38, '39, '40, '41; Member of Athletic Association, '38, '39, '40, '41: Member of Camera Club, '41; Little Cracker Staff, '40.
"Woman is always a changeable and capricious thing."
MARGARET PERDUE
Member of Camera Club, '37, '38, '39; Member of Lyceum Club, '38, '39, '40, '41; Vice-President of Home Economics Club, '39; Treasurer of Camera Club, '39, '40; Treasurer of Junior Class, '39, '40; Treasurer of Baptist Bible Class, '40, '41; Member of Girls' Athletic Association, '38, '39, '40, ' 41; Basketball, '35 to '41.
"A quiet, little girl with a lot of goodness to her."
ESTHER MAE POOLE
TREASURER OF SENIOR CLASS
President of Baptist Bible Class, '40, '41; President of Camera Club, '39, '40; First VicePresident of Athletic Association, '41; SecretaryTreasurer of Junior Class, '40; Member of Lyceum Club, '37, '38, '39, '40; Member of Girls' Athletic Association, '38, '39, '40; Member of Home Economics Club, '38, '39, '40, '41; Little Cracker Staff, '40.
"Full of deepest, truest thought, Doing the very thing she ought."

MARTHA ANNE ANTHONY Treasurer of Athletic Association, '41; Associate Editor of Blue Jay, '41; Member of Home Economics Club, '41; Member of Dancing Club, '41; Member of Lyceum Club, '41; Member of Baptist Bible Class, '41.
"She has two eyes, so soft and blue, Take care!
She gives a side glance and looks down, Beware!"
RALPH HADEN WHITE
SE lOR CLASS PRESIDE T
President of Federation of Hobby Clubs, '41; Editor-in-chief of Blue Jay, '41; Treasurer of Sunday School, '39; Member of Lyceum Club, '38, '39, '40, '41; Junior Assistant of Boy Scout Troop No. 42, '41; Scribe of Troop No. 42, '39, '40. '41; Editor-in-chief of Senior Issue of School Helper, '41; Presiden t of Athletic Associa tion, '41.
"A fluent tongue, a ready smile, A willing hand, a boy worth while."
DONALD MAURICE TURNER Secretary of Sunday School, '41; Member of Dancing Club, '41; Member of Lyceum Club, '41; Member of Baptist Sunday School Class, '41; Member of Athletic Association, '41; Football, '41. "Not that I like study less, but that I like play more."
LEONARD CLIFFORD BARROW Member of Lyceum Oub, '40, '41; Member of Dancing Club, '40, '41; Member of Boys' Athletic Association, '37, '38, '39, '40, '41; Treasurer of Sunday School, '40, '41; Teacher of Sunday School Class, '40, '41; Vice-President of Camera Club, '38; Member of F. F. A., '37; Little Cracker Staff, '39, '40; Football Captain, '40, '41; Basketball Captain, '38, '39, '40.
'A star in the firmament of Athletics."

THE SCHOOL HELPER

May, 1941

THE SCHOOL HELPER

All communications should be addressed to the School Helper, Cave Spring, Georgia.
Publi hed monthly during the chool year in the printing department of the Georgia School for '~he Deaf.
Entered at the post office at Cave Spring, Georgia as second class matter ovember, 1899. Acceptance :;'01' mailing- at special rate of postage provided in Section 1103. Act of October 3, 1917. Authorized October 31, 1918.

RALPH WHITE

Editor-in-chlef

man whose ability is known to most of you. He is the Honorable Ralph T. Jones, Associate Editor of the Atlanta Constitution. He has conferred a great honor upon us by coming here to address us upon the occasion of our graduation. He has long been interested in education as you all know. The paper with which he is associated has ever been a friend of education and has ever been in the van in the fight to give the boys and girls of Georgia as good an education as the youths of an yother state in the union.

Associate Editors

MARTHA ANTHO y LEONARD BARROW MARGARET PERDUE ESTHER POOLE

ETHEL POPE IDELL REI TZ Do ALD TURNER

Vol. 41

May, 1941

No.8

Valedictory
W E ARE assembled this evening In a recognized mode of dismissal. Tonight all the world before us brightly lies. We have come to the end of our school days and have arrived at the goal for which we have striven so hard. After this we are to tread life's highway and take our places in the busy world ahead. Tonight is set aside for the special purpose of parting, and it is hard for us to realize that we are leaving.
Our class did not reach this goal unaided. Our praises are due to the tireless efforts spent by the superintendent, principals, and the faculty of the Georgia School for the Deaf in their furthering us on toward our goal. So in our hearts our gratitude is sincere and deep.

There is still another person to whom we wish to pay tribute. It is to Mr. Parks, our principal, because of his ever ready help when we were seeking advice and the interest which he has never failed tC' show. The school has been running smoothly under his able direction. To him our gratitude comes deep from our hearts.
Still there is one man in our school whom we, at least, have not forgotten. His kindness and understanding of the needs of specific vocational training for us will long be remembered. To Mr. John L. Caple, our vocational principal, our thanks go out.
We are greatly indebted to the teachers for their valuable time and interest spent on us. Long in our hearts will endure our gratitude to them.
To our fellow students, we wish to pay tribute for their progress has spurred us on toward our goal. Their friendship has been inspiring as it will always be. They have proven their friendship in the past so we know that we can still be friends in the future.
It is with trepidation that we face what lies before

To you, Mr. Hollingsworth, for the realization of your dreams which have made our higher education possible, we wish to express our heartfelt thanks. As I see it, the conditions prior to your coming here were unfavorable to the acquisition of a higher education. The beautiful new buildings and renovated buildings are great assets to the state as they are benefiting many deaf boys and girls in the state. It is the deep regret of the boys being graduated tonight that they are not to be able to live in the boys' dormitory. The beautification of our campus tends to raise our school on the list as one of the best-equipped schools for the deaf in the country. Mr. Hollingsworth, again we wish to tbank you.
We are greatly honored to have with us this evening the presence of a renowned gentieman. He is a

us in the future. Here at school, we are encouraged by teachers and congratulated when we do anything well. Out in the world, it will be very different. We are to do things ourselves without helping hands. Life is the lock; while Time is the key.
Among those gathered here tonight there are some whom we may never see again. We are to part, and each one of us is to tread a different path through life. For some of us success may come; for others success of a lesser degree may come. In the critical days which lie before us, we will have to strive earnestly to bf good citizens. We pledge to bring honor and glorY to our Alma Mater. We bid adieu to our dear s perintendent, principals, teachers, and comrades. Life changes, and we must face forward.

-[6]-

Salutatory

by MARGARET PERDUE

T HE Senior Class of the Georgia School for th<, Deaf welcomes each and everyone of you to the commencement exercises tonight. We are proud and glad to see such a large audience tonight. It is as large as on the occasion of the last graduation and which we hope will increase as the years roll by.

We are not forgetting the. ou~side activities which we have enjoyed. Those have helped us greatly in becoming fine citizens and in giving us healthy bodies and a complete knowledge of social life. The main essentials for enjoying life are sports, churches, socials, movies, cl ubs, and traveling.

We are glad to welcome you: our parents, our superintendent, principals, teachers, officers, and our many friends. The smiles that brighten our faces prove how very glad we are to welcome each and everyone of you.

Sports give us an opportunity of learning good deeds. If we are dishonest in games, we will be dis-
honest in life. Sports are our greatest means of learning to play fairly.

Our powers and abiltiy to do things are becoming known in every corner of Georgia, and we hope that these exercises will help spread this fame and Will lead others to take an interest in us and in our schaal. It gives us the greatest pleasure to be able to have a graduation exercise which is but little different from other high school graduations. We have worked long and hard toward the goal of being graduated from the Georgia School for the Deaf. Tonight we realize

Churches teach us the straight way through life. We have taken part in Sunday School programs and are able to do So as well as any high school girl or boy. We have attended church regularly and can take part in the service. Mr. Parks has interpreted many sermons for us. Through this we are able to lead a Christian life and know that God will always answer our prayers if we are good and want to serve Him.

this dream. We have worked hard and faithfully to prepare a program which we hop~ you will enjoy and to which each one, whom I see before me, is very
welcome. We hope this will be a lasting memory which you will always carry with you as you go
down life's pathway.

Socials are given to help us make social adjustments in life and to entertain us. Life is filled with hard work and worry, and parties should be given to relieve the strain and to keep us from growing old and contracting gray hairs. Life without fun is dull. Good movies are part of the fun in life.

It has been the greatest privilege of our lives to
grow up in a fine school like the Georgia School for the Deaf and to receive the high type of education with which the school has provided us. We have enjoyed the school life and being together. It is

Clubs form an important part in our school plan. Each pupil is required to attend a club in order to learn how to hold office, vote, and take part in programs. He will need this knowledge when he leaves

heartbreaking to know that we are leaving as students never to come back. a matter how far we may roam in life, we will always look back on the Georgia School for the Deaf and think of her as home-a home that we have known from our early

school and takes up his duties as a citizen and a club worker. With his mind well-organized to do the work step by step, he will be less clumsy and will enjoy working for his club.

boyhood and girlhood, and which we leave only because we have become men and women, and to give the younger generation a chance for the same education which we have received.
We owe to Mr. Hollingsworth, superintendent 01 our school, our heartfelt thanks br every effort he has put forth in helping us realize our ambition of

Our pupils have traveled a number of places in the last few years. This has not been time wasted for it has awakened in all of us the desire to travel and has shown us the broadening effects what come from familiarity with places other than our home and 1:chool environment.

securing a higher education and in giving us a chance of becoming fine citizens of our state. Without his help perhaps our dream would never have been realized.
Mr. Parks also deserves great credit for the fine work he has done in raising the standards of our school to that of a high school. His work is greatl y

Before closing, I want you to know how much we will miss our school life, our teachers, officers, and our many friends. It is with deep regret that we realize this will be our last day in school. Yet iL will not be without our greatest thanks for the kind interest you all have shown in coming here. I want

appreciated by those who will use their knowledge La thank you again and again for your interest in us.

in college and out in the world.
Mr. Caple has aided us greatly III our vocational work and his high ideals have made our vocational department a much finer one. We certainly do

This peech is an example of how we live our daily lives: and the program, which follows, is an example of part of our school life.

thank him for his interest and his constant help.

We bid you all welcome.

-l7]-

Class History

by ESTHER POOLE

T HE Senior Class is composed of eight students ot 1930. She had previously attended a class for the which five are girls and three are boys. Ethel Deaf in Atlanta. She was promoted in 1940 to our

Pope and 1, Esther Poole, were the original members class which was then the Junior Class.

of it.

Ralph White came to G. S. D. in 1931 at the age

Your historian was born in the city of Columbus, of seven. He became hard of hearing at the age of

Georgia November 29, 1920 and has lived there four. He talked as well as he did before he became

ever since. I was born deaf. I attended public school hard of hearing and he still does. He was put into

for two years. My first teacher, who taught in a class of young boys and girls. Mrs. Gibbons was

kindergarden, was Mrs. Morgan. I was taught two his teacher for five years. In 1938 he was promoted

years by Mrs. Morgan. I enjoyed being in the pub- to our class, the Sophomore Class. In this class, we

lic school because I was anxious to learn and make have been together until now our senior year.

man y hearing friends.

Martha Anthony, a hard of hearing student, at-

In 1929 I found that there was a Sunday School tended a public school for nine years until the fall of

Class for the Deaf in the First Baptist Church. A 1940 when she came here. She entered the Senior

friend took me to the class one Sunday. I met many Class though only sixteen years old. At the age of

young and grown-up people there and made friends. five in 1929 she had an attack of ear trouble which

Later I became acquainted with ether people. 1 caused her to become partially deaf. She talks and

have been to the Sunday School Class ever since. 1 reads very well.

was baptized in 1936 by the late Rev. Mr. Wilson Donald Turner is a deaf student who attended

of Dallas, Texas who traveled through the Southern public school for five years after becoming deaf. He

States preaching to the Deaf.

came to this school in the fall of 1940 and entered

I came to the Georgia School for the Deaf at Cave the Senior Class. He had mastoiditis at the age ot

Spring in 1929 at the age of nine. I felt strange nine and finally became totall y deaf at the age ot

here when I came here with my parents. I was not twelve. He talks well and is a splendid lip-reader.

afraid at first. I saw many deaf pupils talking by We Senior have made rapid progress since Mr. using their hands. They talked so fast that I didn't Hollingsworth was appointed superintendent in know what they said because of unfamiliar signs. 1 I 937. This school has been doing fine under him was bashful because they were strangers to me. At ever since. He has helped this school get better imfirst I did not feel homesick when my parents left provements. here, but later I felt homesick and wanted to go home because some of the children were bossy to me and Mr. Gough was appointed principal in 1937. He some were cruel to me. Later I got acquainted and helped us by ordering many new books.

made a few pals. I cannot hear. but I can talk well We were Sophomores at the time that Mr. Roy

Ethel Pope, aged seven, came to school the same year I came and has been in the class with me from that time until now. Our first teacher was Miss Jessie Stevens in 1929. We continued under her teaching for three years. Since then we have had six different teachers.
Idell Rentz began her education here twelve years ago. She was in several different classes until in 1937 she was promoted to our class which was a high class.
Leonard Barrow came to this school fourteen years ago. He was in several different classes before he was put into our class in 1935.

Parks from California was appointed the principal in 1938. The class has been doing fine under him ever since. He has helped us lots in many ways. He is always helpful and also he always wonders how he can help us to get a better education. We Seniors have worked hard and some of us hope that we can attend college. The college examinations were held the fifteenth and sixteenth of May. Several of us are planning to return for postgraduate work next term.
Graduation days are near. We are happy, but regrets are in our hearts at parting with the boys and girls and the school which we all love so much. We hope that we can bring honor and glory to our Alma

Margaret Perdue has attended this school SlOce Mater some day.

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Class Will

.by MARTHA A THONY

It is customary before a person "passes on" to m'ake a will bequeathing his possessions to his loved ones. We, the Seniors of 1941, are at the crossroads where we must part. We must go out into a far different world, not to face death, but to face life away from school. We have certain possessions here at school which we cannot take with us: so we are bequeathing them to our "beloved friends" who will be Seniors in the coming years.
Ralph White wills his spirit of romance to Carl
Barber to inspire him on moonlight nights.
Martha Anthony bequeaths her ever ready smile, her hard desk, and nasty compositions to Hazel McLendon.
Donald Turner bequeaths his collection of love poems to Evelyn Doyle.
Esther Poole leaves her desk and papers to Virginia Ray.
Ethel Pope wills her star-lit face and fancies to Peggy Taylor in the hope that Peggy will rise at all hours of the night to gaze upon the heavenly bodies.
Leonard Barrow leaves his collection of love stories to Francine Waldrop to keep her in a romantic mood.
Margaret Perdue bequeaths her skill in dressmaking to Doris Hanes.
Idell Ren tz wills her broken grins and flirting ways to Hazel Baxley.

Now that I have enumerated what each of the Seniors has willed to indiviQuals, I shall tell what they bequeath to you as a group. They wish to leave Mr. Tollefson and his room to the Juniors who will be the Seniors of 1941-42. If any of you future Seniors like chewing gum very much, be sure to look under the desks. You wiil find plenty, and you are welcome to all that you find. We love our campus, but we hate the sight of book, and nasty old
examinations, and composition papers to be written.
We leave our duties in school to be done by others. The white blackboards must be dusted. The thick blankets of dust on top and bottom of the cabinets must be dusted on tiptoe and on bended knees. The chalk dust, which gets in noses and tickles and makes you sneeze, must be cleaned up. We leave our spring to the school girls and boys who have poor backs and fear breakdowns when crossing the wooden bridge.
We, the Seniors, are very sorry to leave our dear school, our pretty campus, and our good friends. We wish to thank you for your cooperation with us and to wish good luck in the years to follow.
We beseech you to take good care of our class tree and to remember to sing the Alma Mater. As we say, "Farewell", we ask you again to continue our unfinished work and to love and revere G. S. D. as we have done in remembrance of us.

Class Prophecy

by ETHEL POPE

T HE year was 1966 and the month was May. 1 was lovely and fresh green as it is here today. One afternoon I had completed weeding my f1.ower garden and had nothing to do; so I went to the porch to rest and enjoy the late afternoon. I was waiting for my' two children to come in from school. 1 wanted something to read and I picked up a copy of the SCHOOL HELPER from the table, and it reminded me of myoId friends. So I was interested in the copy of the SCHOOL HELPER and turned at once to the Alumni News written by my former classmate, Ralph White. When I began reading, it surprised me to find my former classmates in the news. It surely made me more than anxious to know what
they were doing because I had not seen most of them in nearly tweny-five years. When I completed my reading, I pondered on what myoId classmates were doing outside in the world today.
That night there came a very beautiful moon and I could see everything as bright as day. I had al-
ways been fond of boating in the moonlight. My

youngest brother was visiting me and we went to the Savannah River to go boating. He rowed for me. We were riding downstream headed for the open sea. I sat dreaming like a cloud that floats on high. Pleasant dreams came to my fancy of my former classmates who were scattered throughout the state. My hope was to realize the fulfilment of my dream-the dream of good deeds each of my classmates had performed and of how successful all of them had been. Soon the river had lulled me so that 1 was dreaming, really dreaming, of my farner classmates. Perhaps I was clairvoyant. My dream showed the measure of success which had come to each of my former classmates.
Ralph White had studied chemistry and medicine and had been graduated from college. He was very learned. He used the best of his knowledge and devoted his entire life to helping all mankind. He be-
came the greatest scientist in the South in mastering germs. His work saved millions of lives. I saw
(Continued on Page 16)

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Co-Curricular Activities

Intramural Activities
by IDELL RENTZ The G. S. D. students have many opportunities for enjoying sports around the school campus. Although we have no gymnasium, there are good places for us to play games outside during the fall, winter, and spring months. Even during the cold weather the boys and girls have played outdoors every afternoon except rainy ones. Some of the girls have taken long walks most afternoons through the fall and winter. Since spring has come, all the girls have been busy with softball.
I think it is best for the boys and girls to play outside because their playing has improved greatly and they have been victors in more games than last year. Mr. and Mrs. Ware are still the coaches of the girls. We need a gymnasium so we can have spectators at our games and have home games.
The softball season is the most thrilling which the girls have. This game seems more greatly enjoyed by everyone than basketball. On April. 21, 1941 the boys for the first time played softball with the girls. At first the boys were saying that they could defeat the girls. To their surprise the girls had better players and defeated the boys by the score of 28 to 18.
The girls' and the boys' teams played several additional games together as it was good practice and good fun. The boys won one and the girls won one. Several other games were highly contested.
Among the minor sports enjoyed 'at G. S. D. were tennis, horseshoes, and volleyball. Volleyball caused the greatest excitement as the pupils would jump up and down with excitement during the games in which good sportmanship and good team work were displayed.
There is a pretty place here to swim in front of the campus. On warm afternoons the pupils may be seen swimming with the town people.
All these sports have given the pupils at G. S. D. healthful exercise which has helped to keep their bodies strong. Interest in sports is a very real factor in keeping school life at G. S. D. happy.
FIELD DAY
Field Day was held on May 2,.1941. Track and field events lasted from 9:30 until 4:30. This was the first Field Day for every boy and girl.
That day was beautiful but rather hot. The boys and girls got sunburned. They all really enjoyed that day very much..
The events scheduled were the 50 yard dash, 100 yard dash, 220 yard dash, running broad jump, run-

ning high jump, three-legged race, sack race, relay race, shot put, ball throwing, and discus throwing. There were four divisions for most of the events; the junior girls, the junior boys, the senior girls, and the senior boys. The teachers and officers acted as starters and judges.
At 9: 30 a meeting was held in the chapel and each pupil pledged himself to play fairly and to keep the rules of good sportmanship in everything done during the day. This was a very impressive sight. The preliminaries were run off in the morning. A delicious picnic lunch was served in the dining room at one o'clock. After which the finals were run off.
At 4: 30 at a meeting in the chapel final awards were made. Blue ribbons were given for first place, red ribbons for second place, and white ribbons for third place in every event in each division. Then yellow ribbons were given for the highest number of points to the junior boy, Roscoe Singletary; the junior girl, Dorothy Neal; the senior boy, Bonnie Craig; and the senior girls, Hazel McLendon and Louise Callaway. It was a most successful Field Day.
Boys' Basketball
by LEONARD BARROW
T HE 1940-41 basketball season was marked by far greater success than the 1939-40 season. The players were more seasoned and played like veterans. We had no gym 'and the teams had to practice on the tennis court because the gym in the boys' dormitory was being repaired. It is our hope that G. S. D. will have a gymnasium by next year.
There were games scheduled and played during December, January, and February, but none of these games were played at G. S. D. because we lacked the facilities for playing. The members of the team were: William Massey, Dean Green, Jack Sellers, Hale Hester, Byron Avant, and Leonard Barrow; the substitutes were Ralph Benson, Laroy Garner, Horace Johnson, and Maurice Samples.
Our team was a member of the Basketball League of Floyd County and played every Friday night. The team manager was Teddie Waters, and he certainly did a fine job. Coach Drake made us practice long and hard and inspired us to hard and fair play during every game.
The team and the substitutes had the same umforms-blue and white-this year, and they still look like new.
G. S. D. WINS FROM McHENRY
The opening game was played with McHenry at Spring Creek December 6. At first the team thought that the other team was very god, but they played very easily. Mr. Drake decided to let the third team

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THE SCHOOL HELPER

May, 1941

go into the game, and they played very well. G. S. D. easily. Mr. Drake wanted to keep the senior team

beat them by the score of 40 to 12.

for another game so the substitutes were sent in. The

G. S. D. DEFEATS ARMUCHEE

score was 51 to 10. Maurice Samples. a substitute who netted 21 points, won high scoring honors.

A hard game between Armuchee and G. S. D. was

held at Johnson court December 13. The score

G. S. D. DEFEATS ARMUCHEE

went skyward in all the quarters. G. S. D.'s team

FOR CHAMPIONSHIP

was careful in playing and they were glad to beat Armuchee. The score was 14 to 12. Armuchee's team were good players. Armuchee's team had won all their previous games, and at last G. S. D. won from them.

An exciting game between G. S. D. and Armuchee was played. G. S. D.'s team fought very hard again and again. At first they played very fast. and Mr. Drake told them to play with cool minds and not to play so fast. So G. S. D. did very well.

G. S. D. DEFEATS GLENWOOD
G. S. p. played with Glenwood at Johnson court
January 24. The substitutes played with Glenwood. They fought very hard. The first team at G. S. D. had planned to play if Glenwood's score was

Byron Avant helped very much and G. S. D. beat them by one point. The hard score was 22 to 21. By this game the G. S. D. senior boys' team won the League championship of Floyd County and received the loving cup and were very happy.

high, but it was not necessary. G. S. D. beat them by the score of 24 to 19.

G. S. D. DEFEATS ALABAMA SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF

DARLINGTON DEFEATS G. S. D.

G. S. D. amid cheers won its coveted victory when

A thrilling battle between Darlington and G. S. D. our team won a high score over Alabama School for

was played at the Darlington court January 31. The the Deaf at the Alabama court in Talladega. Byron

team tried to beat Darlington and played very hard: Avant stopped Alabama from getting balls. He

and they got very hot. At last Darlington con- did very well and he helped G. S. D. the most. Fine

quered by only one point with the score at 23 to 22. passing and defense marked the wa y for victory from

the beginning to the finish. Alabama had two good

G. S. D. TIES WITH ROCKMART

teams. The flying colors of blue and white stayed

A game between G. S. D. and Rockmart was play- up with the score of 6 to 0 in the first quarter.

ed on the Rockmart court February 1. The Rock- G. S. D. stayed ahead. The final score was 16 to mart team were tall and powerful. Our team tried 10. The entire team were outstanding players. very hard in fighting with Rockmart as they wanted

to beat them. Rockmart had won all their games for In all G. S. D. won seven games. lost five. and tied

about six years. G. S. D. had beaten Rockmart one one. Hale Hester was the best player and was a

night and Rockmart was angry that their team had fine guard and jumped very high to get the ball. He

lost that one game. They tied by the score of 15 to is at home now helping his family on the farm.

15.

William Massey was a good center and good in shoot-

G. S. D. LOSES TO ARMUCHEE
G. S. D. thought that they would beat Armuchee again They played with them at the Spring Creek court February 7. The team were slow and sleepy;

ing goals. He will not be able to play next fall because he is over age. Leonard Barrow will be graduated this year. but there will still be good players left.

that is why Armuchee beat them by the score of 25 There was a junior team this year consisting of

to 23. Both teams played a good game.

Friedson Odom, John Hayes. Carl Barber. Ralph

G. S. D. DEFEATS GLENWOOD

White, Grady Casider. and Mack Padgett. This was their second year and they played very well.

An easy game between G. S. D. and Glen wood was They will be fine players for our future senior team.

held at the Spring Creek court February 14. When

the game opened. G. S. D. played very fast an? the score was going high. Mr. Drake let the substitutes

Girls' Basketball

play with that team to win. The score was 35 to 13 in favor of G. S. D.

by MARTHA A 'THO Y The girls' basketball team strove very hard this

ROCKMART DEFEATS G. S. D.

year to win the championship of the Basketball

G. S. D. played with Rockmart there February 15 League of Floyd County. In playing other teams

and were defeated by the score of 32 to 28

they had a fine time during the year although our

THE CHAMPIO SHIP

team did not win the cup. The girls who played in the League games are as follows:

At the Johnson court the Basketball League of Floyd County had several games for the League championship. At first G. S. D.'s senior team played with McHenry February 20. They played very

SENIOR GIRLS
Hazel McLendon Annie Logan ~1argaret Perdue

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THE SCHOOL HELPER

tMay ,1941

Ifartha Anthony Myrtle Turnage Peggy Taylor Kathleen Highfield
JUNIOR GIRLS Ruth Cook Dorothy eal Mary Taylor Mildred Scurrlock Hazel Baxley Louise Callaway Evelyn Doyle Florence Johnson Elizabeth Hornsby Grace harpe Willene Letson Esther Poole

games lost by G. S. D., they play"d all games in a sportsman-like manner. All games were played hard and fair. Coach Tollefson did a fine job in turning a bunch of raw recruits into fine defense players.
G. S. D. strove for victory ~~-nd'er the same colors--
blue and white-under which they played so hard last year.
Three outstanding players will retire from the team at the close of this season. They are Leonard Barrow who will be graduated. Hale Hester who has obtained a job, and William Massey who is forced to retire because he is above the required age.
Our team was well-prepared for any emergency

Every afternoon from 4: 15 to 5:30 all the girls went for practice to learn to be good players, and they showed good sportsmanship during the year's work.

with two student managers who were John Hayes and Dean Green. They did a splendid job.
Our cheer leaders, who organized the cheering section at all home games, were Hazel McLendon,

The girls played many games that were enjoyed. Ralph White, and Hazel Baxley. Whether they won or lost, they piayed with smiles on their faces. The following games were played: G. S. D. BOWS TO CAVE SPRI G'S ELEVEN

December 6-G. S. D. Senior Girls-20, McHenry-20. December 13-G. S. D. Senior Girls -16, Armuchee-IO. January 24-G. S. D. Senior Girls-12, Glenwood-7. January 31--G. S. D. Senior Girls-14, McHenry-25. February 1--G. S. D. Senior Girls-8, Rockmart-27.

Cave Spring High School on October 2, 1940 was first call on the roll of the nineteen hundred and forty season. The Georgia team were all over the field. This being their first game or the season, they were rather excited.

February 6-G. S. D. Senior Girls-15, Dallas-34.

In the third quarter Leonard Barrow, our out-

February 7-G. S. D. Senior Girls-19, Armuchee-19.

standing quarterback, crashed through the oppo-

February 14-G. S. D. Senior Girls-21, Glenwood-13. February 15-G. S. D. Senior Girls-17, Rockmart-29.

nents' line and made an eighty-seven yard run, but he failed to make the expected touchdown. He was

December 11-G. S. D. Junior Girls-ll, Armuchee-24. January 24-G. S. D. Junior Girls-13, Glenwood-9.

nailed on the fifteen yard line in the enemy's territory. Later after two plays Hale Hester, our big one hundred and eighty-five pound fullback, crashed

January 31-G. S. D. Junior Girls-17, Spring Creek-31. through and completed the touchdown.

February 7--G. S. D. Junior Girls-13, Alto Park-13. February 14-G. S. D. Junior Girls-13, Lindale-19. February 22-G. S. D. Junior Girls-12, Harmony-36.
After these games were played, a tournament was held between G. S, D. and some of these schools February 21. Johnson School was the champion of the senior girls' division of the Basketball League of Floyd County.
The rest of the cool weather our girls chose sides to play games every afternoon. All the teams worked very hard showing their best sportsmanship in the hope that they would win. Finally Peggy Taylor's team were the champions.

Our outstanding players were Leonard Barrow, quarterback. and Hale Hester, fullback. In this way Georgia School for the Deaf lost her first game of the season by the score of 34 to 14.
G. S. D. LOSES TO STRONG DARLI GTO VARSITY
Georgia School for the Deaf pla';:';c a sportsmanlike game, but were overpowered uy Darlington's reserve strength. The Georgia lau:. '::ere poor in defense and could make no gain on account of the strong Darlington line. Only once did it look as if Georgia were going to score; thi - came in the sec-

The basketball teams of G. S. D. had a good season and are anxiously waiting for the 1941-42

ond quarter. It was when Barrow found a hole in the Darlington line and ran forty yaros. The out standing players of the game were Leonard Barrow

season.

and Hale Hester who were great in holding the Dar-

lington ball carriers down. The final score found

Football
by Do ALD TUR ER

Georgia facing her first whitewash of the season at 27 to O. The game took place on the Darlington field in Rome October 9, 1940.

T HE Georgia School for the Deaf started its second In spite of the strength of the opposing team and season under the leadership of Coach Tollefson the lack of score every player did his best and played who organized the squad in '39. In spite of the hard up to the last whistle.

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THE SCHOOL HELPER

May, 1941

G. S. D. WINS FROM ROME HIGH SCHOOL
Georgia School for the Deaf on October 11, 1940 wins a lone game of the season with the score of 19 to 14. Leonard Barrow, our versatile quarterback, made a long run again. This came during the second quarter. It was made on a fluke punt by Barrow. He broke through the line for a ninety yard run. On the next play Hale Hester stretched it for a touchdown.
In the third quarter Leonard Barrow passed a ball to Odom who ran ten yards to the goal for a touchdown.
Near the end of the last quarter Hale showed new spirit and crashed through the enemy line for the winning touchdown.
The outstanding stars of the game were Leonard Barrow, Hale Hester, and Friedson Odom.
G. S. D. LOSES SECOND GAME WITH ROME HIGH SCHOOL
The Georgia School for the Deaf played poor ball at the start of this game. They seemed to be asleep in the first half of the first quarter. Rome High School found Georgia's line full of holes and scored twice in five minutes. This woke up the Georgia squad; for during the rest of the game they gave Rome no time to make their third touchdown until the later part of the fourth quarter. G. S. D. made a couple of touchdowns of their OWf.. One came in the third quarter and the other, by Hale Hester, in the fourth quarter. Both were made by forward passes by Barrow who was credited for the excellent work. The outstan<.(ing stars of the game were Leonard Barrow and Byron Avant. If the Georgia squad had been more alert at the start of the game, they would probably have won their second game over Rome High School.
G. S. D. BOWS TO FLORIDA SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF
Before the very early dawn of October 25, 1940 the G. S. D. squad arose to make the trip for their first out of state game. The members of the squad were all excited at the prospect of going out of the state to play at the Florida School for the Deaf.
Donald Turner, who had been on the bench almost the entire season, was picked ~o play right end for Georgia against Florida. He showed Coach Tollefson fine play.
In the last quarter Byron Avant, silver streak for Georgia, ran around right end for a fifty yard run.
The outstanding stars of the game were Byron Avant, Donald Turner, and Friedson Odom.
Florida School for the Deaf had a sandy advantage over Georgia for the entire Florida field was covered with sand. As it was near the ocean, no grass would grow. Each step taken by a G. S. D. player would cause sand to come up to his shoe tops. Florida, however, being used to it, were not bothered by

the sand which gave the members of the G. S. D. squad so much trouble. The final score found Georgia facing her second whitewash of the seasonthis time 20 to O.
The defeat was soon forgotten b)' the members of the Georgia Cracker squad as Florida School for the Deaf gave G. S. D. a tour around St. Augustine. Our team visited several interesting places; many 01 which will be hard for any of them ever to forget. One of the most interesting places which the team visited was Marineland, Florida. The time taken to reach Florida from Cave Spring was fourteen hours. They were all tired and happy to see the sights of the oldest city in the United States. The defeat was forgotten until the squad arrived home and were asked about the game. The players were disappointed over the defeat, but were very happy over the grand time that was spent at the Florida School for the Deaf. We hope the coming year we shall be able to give Florida the wonderful time that they gave us. The team is looking forward impatiently for the coming of the F. S. D. squad in 1940.
G. S. D. LOSES TO ALABAMA SCHOOL FOR
THE DEAF
Georgia School for the Deaf played another out of state game with Alabama School for the Deaf November 9, 1940. This time, however, the game was played under the spotlights. Alabama had a large advantage over Georgia. They out-weighed the G. S. D. squad about four pounds to each man. Alabama also worked a play that Georgia knew nothing about. They were passing from a wide wing formation. The bright lights were one cause of Georgia's defeat. Horace Johnson did a fine job blocking and was named the outstanding player of the game. At the finish of the game Georgia trailed by the score of 27 to 7. Every member of the Georgia squad fought hard and clean. G. S. D. enjoyed the amusement which was furnished by the Alabama School for the Deaf during their stay there. Our team hopes that we can do as much for them when they make their trip to G. S. D. next fall.
G. S. D. LOSES HOMECOMING GAME WITH TENNESSEE SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF
Georgia School for the Deaf played one of the most exciting games of the season against the Tennessee School for the Deaf at Cave Spring, Georgia Thanksgiving Day, November 21, 1940. It was played before a fine homecoming crowd who had come from all over the state to see Georgia play. It was not only named the most exciting game, but the cleanest played throughout the season. Several times Georgia attemped to score, but were unsuccessful caused by fumbles made by teammates. Leonard Barrow, the wonder boy for Georgia, was again outstanding for his team. Friedson Odom was also outstanding for Georgia. If Georgia had been more

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THE SCHOOL HELPI!R

May 194/

careful and had not made so many fumbles, it is believed that the squad might have won. Our team is planning on a great game when the Georgia Crackers go to the Tennessee School for the Deaf next fall. Good luck to them when they go to carry tb~ banner for our Alma Mater.
Georgia School for the Deai' started and finished spring practice. The practice continued for three weeks. During this period each pIJyer learned more about blocking, signals, and how to hold better control over passes. Our team is planning on a great comeback in 194 I, beginning October 3 against Rockmart's strong eleven. Here's hoping that the team will be very successful in the games played in the future.
The team through the season of 1940 won only one game with six defeats. However, it was a good start. You must stop and put on your thinking cap. This was only the second season for the current team. Just wait and see the future to compare it to this. During the next five years Georgia School for the Deaf will come out on top with a winning team. The sportsmanship way is always the best, and every member of the squad has played clean games.

G. S. D. BOWS TO ALTO
Keen competition marked the two softball games which G. S. D. played with ,Alto on the Alto field April 30. The boys' game was almost a tie. It was only at the last of the game that Alto made the fin'al run which gave them a victory at lito 10. The Alto girls' team were excellent players and displayed splendid teamwork. The final score Ghowed 13 to 1 in Alto's favor.
May 2 was Field Day at G. S. D. The scheduled games with Spring Creek were cancelled due to the track and field events at the campus.
G. S. D. VICTORIOUS OVER JOHNSON
The most thrilling softball games of the season were played on the Johnson field against the Johnson boys' and girls' teams May 9. Great enthusiasm was shown throughout both games, The girls from G. S. D. were victorious with the score of 15 to 7 and the boys from G. S. D. also scored a victory at 29 to 4.
The games with Johnson were the last league games played due to the prevalence of measles in the county and to the closing of some of the county schools. Next season G. S. D. is going to win the championship of the Softball League.

Softball

HOBBY CLUBS

Every Wednesday evening is devoted to hobby

by IOELL RE TZ

clubs beginning at half past seven and lasting until

SOFTBALL teams were organized with both the
. boys and girls as soon as spring came. The boys' team and the girls' team played several gameG
together here at school. The boys won' ne ::amr and the girls won one game. Several other games were played in which much rivalry was shown. Th~ boys and girls enjoyed playing together.

half past eight. Every boy and girl is given an opportunity to join a hobby club, but it is not compulsory. Those boys and girls who do not wish to join a hobby group must spend that hour in the dormitory in study.
'Hobby clubs were organized in order to give the pupils outlets for individual interests. At the present time there are five hobby clubs: the Dancing

Both the boys' team and the girls' team joined tp.e Club, the Airplane Modeling Club, the Ceramics

Softball League of Floyd County. Each memoe~ C).ub, the Cooking Club, and the Camera Club.

showed great interest in the competitive games wI1'ich Next year other clubs may be organized depending

were played with the teams from the regular public upon the interests of the pupils. Each club has a

high schools. The boys' and girls' teams played teacher who is in charge of its program. Each club

opposing teams from the same school on the same elects officers to manage its affairs. In addition,

afternoon. Our teams rode out to victory-not on there is a Federation of Hobby Clubs of which Ralph

white chargers. but on the school truck.

White is president, Hazel McLendon is vice-president,

G. S. D. WI S FROM McHE R Y
On the Consolidated School field G. S. D.'s softball teams of boys and girls played the McHenry boys' and girls' teams April 23. It was fun although it rained and the . tea~s got wet all over. Both boys and girls were vlctonous over th.e h,eanng teams. The boys' score was 8 to 0; the girls score

and Carl Barber is secretary-treasurer. The pupils have enjoyed the hobby club work
and they have profited much from their work in hobby clubs.
ATHLETIC ASSOCIATION BANQUET AND DANCE
The annual banquet of the Athletic Association

18 to 12. G. S. D. VICTORIOUS OVER GLE WOOD

is becoming of greater importance year by year. It is one of the crowning events of the spring term and is planned for months ahead by the pupils. One

The G. S. D. boys' and girls' tams were again year it is given by the boys and the next year by the

victorious when they played the Glenwood boys' and girls. This was the boys' year to be hosts.

girls' teams at Cave Spring April 25. These were On the evening of May 10 the Boys' Athletic

exciting games with the boys' score of 18 to 8 and Association gave a lovely banquet and dance at

the girls' score of 20 to 16.

which there were more than one hundred and

-[15]-

THE SCHOOL HELPER

May, 1941

twenty-five guests present. The boys made all the arrangements for the evening's entertainment. The older pupils' refectory was beautifully decorated with white flowers. The tables were arranged in the form of a large U and down the center of the tables stretched a long band of fragrant, waxy syringa. Most of the guests wore formals and it was a lovely sight.

At nine o'clock every Sunday morning a chal?el service is held in Freeman Hall. After the service every pupil attends a Sunday School class either at one of the churches or at Freeman Hall.
Through these religious activities it has been the aim to keep vital the spiritual lives of the pupils.

Mr. Hollingsworth was the toastmaster of the evening. Mr. Roy G. Parks spoke briefly on the program of sports at G. S. D. Later Ralph White, president of the Association, gave a brief talk on behalf of the members. A few remarks were made by Leonard Barrow, captain of the football team, by William Massey, captain of the boys' basketball team, and by Hazel McLendon, captain of the girls' basketball team.
Coaches Drake and Ware each spoke on the fine work done in sports by the individual pupils. Then awards were made to the members of all the teams and to a number of pupils who had excelled in the various sports. Good sportsmanship was emphasized in all speeches.
The spe'aker of the evening was Mr. Wallace Butts, head coach of the University of Georgia. After a delightful introductory speech by Toastmaster Hollingsworth, Mr. Butts spoke on the value of sports. After Mr. Butts' address a movie of the Georgia-Georgia Tech game was shown in technicolor.
A dance was held in the Freeman auditorium after the banquet was over. The dance was greatly enjoyed by everyone present. The boys escorted their dates back to the Girls' Dormitory after the witching hour of midnight.
CHURCH ACTIVITIES
For the past two years it has been the policy at G. S. D. to encourage the pupils to attend the town churches and to take an active part in the service. The entire student body, with the exception of the Primary Department, has attended church services at least once a month during the school year. The students have gone to the Methodist Church one month and to the Baptist Church the next. They have joined with the congregation in the regular form of worship. Each sermon has been interpreted for them by Mr. Parks. All pupils have benefited by their contacts with hearing people and should be able to take their places in the churches in their own communities.
There is a class for deaf students at the Methodist ~hurch. This is the Methodist Silent Class under vlr. Olaf Tollefson. teacher. This class has fifteen .nembers. At the Baptist Church there are two classes. One is for the older deaf pupils and for the deaf people from town. This class is t~ught by Mr. Drake. The other is for smaller pupl1s and IS
taught by Mrs. Ware.

CLASS PROPHECY
(Continued from Page 9)
him just as thin as of old puttering around his laboratory.
Idell Rentz had always dreamed of becoming one of the ten best-dressed women in the world. Her dream had been realized and her fame had spread around the world. Others, who want to know of her famous taste in clothes, write for information. She also conducts a syndicated column, "What the Well-Dressed Woman Should Wear". Through this she is able to earn more than a comfortable living.
Donald Turner is a well-known wealthy bachelor and manager of a number of studios. He is popular with many attractive girls. He is much too flirtatious to settle down and marry. He will probably remain a wealthy bachelor.
Esther Poole had married a wealthy professional man and is now the mistress of a fine and lovely home like a castle. Married life and children surely have made her very happy and successful.
Leonard Barrow had always wanted to own a shoe shop. Success has come to him as he now owns a shoe shop in New Y 011<... He is successful in his enterprise and is one of the busiest men in all the shoe shops in New Y o,rk.
Martha Anthony had continued studying the piano. She became a famous pianist and is now honored and known all over the world. But her state is still one of single blessedness because she never could decide which one of her many admirers to marry.
Margaret Perdue had become a famous swimmer and had won many championship cups. She is a famous swimming teacher and has taught man y children and adults how to swim and dive beautifully. She is a wealthy bachelor maid and owns a large, clear swimming pool near her home in Los Angeles, California.
Suddenly my brother woke me and said that it was time to go home. I thought that I had really been away visiting my one-time classmates. Perhaps I really had been because my impressions were much too clear to have been just a dream. 1 stumbled sleepily home trying to realize that my dream was over and that I had a home, a husband. and two children to occupy my time. The last thing I remember Was wondering if I too had been successful.

-[16]-

f
Calendar of Outstanding Events

by RALPH WHITE

SEPTEMBER 16 marked one of the red letter days for the students at G. S. D. who were ready to resume their scholastic duties with much vigor after restful summer vacations.
All the students, both new and old. were assembled in Freeman auditorium where. after a brief talk by Mr. Parks. they were enrolled in different classes September 17.
The combination of churches in Cave Spring presented a Convocation Service September 22 at the Baptist Church with the Reverend Mr. Tilly officiating. The real aim of these churches was to welcome the students back to school.
October 4 the football squad of G. S. D. opened its football season by playing Cave Spring High. It resulted in a taste of defeat for our squad. The score was in the opponents' favor at 34 to 14.
Two Senior girls from the Home Economics Department were hostesses at a lovely party which was held at Freeman Hall October 5. Those who were present had a nice time.
An interesting 'and historical pageant was sponsored by the Junior and Senior Classes October 12 under the direction of Mr. Olaf Tollefson and Mrs. Ila Sewell. The pupils enacted the journey and the landing of Columbus and his crew on the swimming pool in front of the campus. It contained a greater element of humor than the real voyages.
October 10 the G. S. D. football squad won their first football game in the recent history of the school when they played Rome High B. The score in their favor was 19 to 14.
The entire United States observed Registration Day which was made legal by the United States government October 14. This school celebrated it with a holiday. A number of G. S. D. students registered and the teachers acted as registrars.
The football squad bowed to the strong Darlington eleven October 11 when they lost their game by the score of 27 to O.
A lovely and enjoyable party was held at the Perry Mansion and was given by the Future Farmers of America Chapter and the Future Homemakers of America. A number of games were played and there was square dancing. Later refreshments were served. The party took place October 17.
October 18 the Girls' Athletic Association were hostesses at a lovely dance at Freeman Hall which was one of the highlights of the season. The girls in their attractive evening gowns added to the party loveliness. The dance turned out to be a huge success as was expected.
The G. S. D. students. eager for a victory over Florida. were assembled on the ball ground where

they had a pep rally on the everting of October 25. They yelled and sang. and the yells could be heard a mile away. There was an old gray haired dummy which was put into the fire which was a big one. After the flames died out. the rally was over.
Early October 26 the football squad boarded a hired bus and headed south to Florida for a game with F. S. D.
October 27 was a great day for it was the day
when Georgia fought on the F. S. D. football field.
The pep rally did not have any effect toward a victory 'as G. S. D. lost. The score was 20 to 0 in favor of F. S. D.
The Home Economics Department entertained a group of guests at a delightful party which took place at Freeman Hall November 8.
November 11 was Armistice Day. The Seniors presented a program at the chapel. All the pupils and some American Legionnaires rind visitors were present. Miss Camp gave a splendid address. Afterwards a semi-holiday was celebrated and the visitors were given a tour of our school.
Georgia School for the Deaf was paid a visit by the squ'ad of the Tennessee School for the Deaf when they played us on our field Thanksgiving. The bus loaded with Tennessee boys showed up on our campus November 20.
With bonfire flames leaping up in the air. we raised our voices in a pep rally November 20. hoping we would win and honoring our visitors. A Tennessee mule was later put into the fire.
November 21 the football battle began at 2: 30 at the Consolidated School field. The rooting section did not prove to be at all effective as G. S. D. lost the game. The score was in the opponents' favor by 19 to 6.
December 1 the first basketball season game was played against McHenry. G. S. D. was victorious with a high score of 40 to 12.
December 13 a brief biography and the story of Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet. founder of Gallaudet College. was given in the Freeman auditorium.
An interesting Christmas pageant. Christmas Windows. was given at the Baptist Church December 19 in pantomime. There were some choir boys and girls who sang well. Praises are due to Miss McDermott. Mrs. Montgomery. Mrs. Gibbons. and some other teachers for their work in it. The play was extremely successful and was wildly applauded by the large audience who witnessed it.
School closed for the Yuletide hoiidays and most of the pupils headed home December 21.
School reopenend December 28.

-[17]-

THE SCHOOL HELPER

May, /94/

A late New Year's Eve party was the spotlight of The Senior Class gave an Arbor Day program

the season when we celebrated ew Year':;. Danc- April lOon the front campus. A class elm was

ing was held all evening until twelve when we rheer- planted and the students delivered several speeches

ed thus ending the party. The party was on the and recited some poems. Afterwards Dr. Nath

thirty-first.

Thompson spoke at Freeman Hall. His subject was

A party was sponsored by the Home Economics Club at the Primary Building January 10. A number of dancing games were played and they were en tertaining to the guests.

based on Arbor Day and the Spirit of Civic Betterment. It was very inspiring as well as humorous.
Pinocchio was given April 4 by the Intermediate Department under the direction of Miss Paris. Everyone present enjoyed the play.

A sad thing occurred January 21. Mr. W. J. McCanless, our beloved scoutmaster, was taken away by death after a prolonged illness. There was mourning everywhere.

The G. S. D. senior boys' basketball team was presented :vith a loving cup at the <Jssembly April 7 by Mr. RIchard Montgomery, County Superintendent of Schools. The boys won the championship

January 22 almost the entire troap of Boy Scouts of the Floyd County Basketball League. were carried to Canton to attend Mr. McCanless's The Seniors were guests of the De Soto Theatre funeral. The G. S. D. Boy Scouts served as a guard April 28. They enjoyed the movie, Victory .

of honor. Later burial took place at the Canton There was a Junior-Senior Prom April 29 in the

Cemetery.
January 24 the G. S. D. basketball team, having been idle for some time due to the epidemics of flu and measles all over Floyd County, played Glenwood and were victors by the high score of 36 to 14.
Although winning most basketball games, G. S. D. lost to Darlington by the score of 23 to 22 on January 31. This was the first taste of defeat for them.
February 1 was a historic day at G. S. D. as Mr. Eugene McCanless, father of th late William J. McCanless, announced that he had given $1500 for a rustic Boy Scout cabin. In addition, the hillside and part of the school campus near the Scout hut will be improved and named in honor of the late William J. McCanless, our beloved Scoutmaster.
A basketball tie between G. S. D. and Rockman High took place February 2. The score was 15 to 15.

Girls' dormitory basement. The prom was enjoyed by those who were present.
. May. 2 was Field Day. All the students particIpated 111 the events of the day. Later in the afternoon awards and ribbons were given to the pupils ranking highest in points.
May 3 the Juniors entertained the Seniors at a tacky party and wiener roast at Mrs. Sewell's home. A number of games were played. The prizes for the tackiest costumes went to Leonard Barrow and Virginia Ray. There were some extra prizes for other things. Mrs. Hollingsworth and Mr. and Mrs. Parks attended the party where they enjoyed themselves as the students did.
The Boys' Athletic Association banquet held May 10 was an important event long to be remembered. It was held in the boys' and girls' refectory. Mr. Wallace Butts, head coach at the University of Georgia and coach of the famed "Bulldogs", was the guest speaker at the banquet. After the address

Another severe taste of defeat occllrred at the newly movies were shown of the Georgia-Georgia Tech

built gym when G. S. D. played Dallas's swift five game. Afterwards a dance was held at Freeman

February 6. The score was high in the opponents' Hall where everybody had a nice time.

favor and was 40 to 23.

May 12 and 13 were the days when achievement

A play, Snow white and the Seven Dwarfs, was given at the Freeman auditorium February 7. The members of the C Class were assigned different roles which they acted out very well. It was entertaining as well as interesting.

tests were held.
May I 5 'and 16 there were more headaches for the three Seniors-Janette Wilson, Florence Johnson, and Ralph White-for they had to take Gallaudet College entrance examinations.

G. S. D. played basketball with Armuchee February 7. Armuchee won, the score being 25 to 23.
There was a Valentine box in the Freeman auditorium which was given by Mrs. Parks's class. Later valentine wafers were served.
G. S. D. won a long coveted victury in basketball from the Alabama School for the Deaf February 23. Due to the splendid cooperation and teamwork it resulted in a generous score of 16 to 10 for G. S. D.
The basketball season closed with a game against Taylorsville which G. S. D. lost February 27.

May 18 the Reverend Mr. Blackburn, pastor ot the First Methodist Church, gave the baccalaureate sermon at the Methodist Church.
Commencement exercises were held at the Consolidated School auditorium May 26 at which eight Seniors were graduated. The guest speaker of the evening was Mr. Ralph T. Jones, Associate Editor of the Atlanta Constitution. A large crowd attended the exercises.
The school term came to an end May 26 and all the pupils headed for home the next day, tired but happy.

-[18]-

Names

Nicknames

Weakness

Favorit,~ Pastime

Favorite Sport

-

RALPH WHITE
---

lchabod

Singing

- ------ - -- ----

Jitterbugg: ng

Swimming
--

ETHEL POPE

Blond;,e

Boy crazy

Coo!dng

Tennis

----

ESTHER POOLE

Smoothle

Movi'es
-

Readi,ng

Bowling

LEONARD BARROW

Buster

Smoking

Loafing

Football

, --------

MARGARET PE'RDUE

Margie

Saving money

Dressmaking

Ba5ketball

-

MARTHA ANTHONY

Mammy

Biting her nails

Eating

Swimming

DONALD TURNER
--
IDELL RENTZ

-Donald Duc!, Boots

Girl crazy Day-Dreaming

.-
Love letter writing
-- -- --
Dancing

-
Baseball

Bowling

I

I

Favorite Saying
"Well !" "Is that true ?" "Thllit's not funny." "Phooey!" "I know it." "You know." "I don't care," "Goodness me!"

Life's Ambition
School Teacher
Supervi50I' of Small Girls
Globe Trotter
"\.
-
Airplane Mechanic
DIessmaker
Beautician
Linotype Operator
-
Stenographer
f

~

AUTOGRAPHS

AUTOGRAPHS
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