Certification of teachers, 1937

Jr~ t G4
3ao. T 3
st
C-L/-
113 7

42
CERTIFICATION
of
TEACHERS
1937

of the
STATE DEPARTMENT
of
EDUCATION
of the
State of Georgia
M. D. COLLINS State Super.intendent of Schools
M. E. THOMPSON Director of Teacher Training and Certification

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page.
How to Apply for a Certificate~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 3
Classes of Certifi cates~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~ ~~ ~~---------~~---------~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~-~-~~~-~~~~- 4 Types of Certificates~~~ ~~-~~~~-~~~~~~~-~~~~~~~~ ~~ ~~ ~~~~~ ~~~ ~~~~~~~~~ ~-------------~-~----~--~~- ~4-7
Elementary certificates -~~~~~~~~~~~--~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~--~-----~~~~-~~~~~~~~-~- 5 High school certificates ~-~-~~~-~~-~-~~--~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -~~-~~~~--~---~--~5-6 Supervisors certificates --~~~~---~-~~-~~~~ -~~~~~-~~--~-~~-~~~-~~-~--~---~-~-~-~~~~~- 7 Administrators certificates ~-------~~~~~~~~------~--~~-~------~------~~--~~---~-- 7 Professional Requirements for Certificates_~~.~~~~~---------- --~ ~~~----~~~~~--~~~8-11 Elementary certificates ~~~~~~~-~~~~-~~~~~-~~~~~~-~~~~--------------~~------------8 -9 High school certificates ------------------------------------------------------10-11
Supervisors and Administrators certificates________________________11
Subject-Matter Requirements for High School Teachers____________ l1:13
Regulations Governing Examinations for State Certificates____________13

Definitions, Explanations and Additional Regulations________________13-15
Regulations Governing Examinations for County Licenses~------------- 15

Certification of Teachers

How to Apply for a Certificate

1. Persons desiring; to apply for a state certificate should write to the Director of Certification, State Departwent of Education, Atlanta, Georgia, for the necessary blanks. All applications must be made out in ink on the regular form.

2. The applicant should fill out the blank giving all information requested thereon. The blank should be witnessed by a notary, recommended by a school official, and forwarded to the Director of Certification.

3. Official transcripts of credit should be sent by college reg-

istrars directly to the State Department of Education. An applica-

tion is not complete until official transcripts of all college credits

are filed with the Division of Certification.



4. Only transcripts sent by college r egistrars directly to the State Department of Education will be accepted. Records up<>n which certificates are issued become the property of the state, and must be kept in the files of the Department.

5. Certificates from other states cannot be exchanged for Georgia certificates. If the applicant holds a certificate from another state, it will be necessary for him to follow the above directions when applying for a Georgia certificate. All teachers in Georgia schools must hold Georgia permits to teach.

6. A fee of one dollar ($1.00) is regularly cha; ged for the issuance of certificates to all applicants who are not residents of Georgia.

r

Permits to teach are of two kinds: I. State Certificates

II. County Licenses

Teachers' certificates may be secured in two ways:
I. On a basis of credits from standard institutions approved by the State Department of Education.

II. On a basis of examination (see "Regulation Governing Examinations" page 13.)

CLASSES OF CERTIFICATES

There are three classes of state certificates:
I. Provisional
II. Professional
III. Professional Life
Provisional or professional certificates will! not be issued on less than two years of college credit.
Provisional certificates will be issued where credit for as much as nine but less than eighteen semester hours of approved professional education is submitted. (see Professional Requirements for Certification, page 8 and 10.)
Professional certificates will be issued where credit for eighteen semester hours of approved professional education is submitted.
Professional life certificates will be issued where credit for eighteen semester hours of approved professional education and evidence of forty-nine months of teaching experience are submitted.
Provisional certificates are valid for a period of three years from date of issuance.
Professional certificates are valid for a period of seven years from date of issuance.
Provisional or professional certificates. may be renewed upon presentation of additional credit for six semester hour~ of college work.
A professional or a professional life certificate shall automatically lapse if the holder fails to teach for a period of five consecutive years.
Any certificate that has lapsed may be reinstated upon presentation of six semester hours of ,professional credit earned not more than three years prior to date of application.

TYPES O'F CERTIFICATES

Certificates are issued for the following types of services:

' I. Elementary Sc116oi teiichers

It

H. .

i

gh .

s.~hoo.l

.t

.e.a.

ch ~~

e

r

s

III. Supervisors

IV~ Administrators
.: J:
4

I. ELEMENTARY CERTIFICATES
Elementary certificates will be issued on the basis of one, two, three, four, or five years of college credit above graduation from an accredited high school (or validation of high school credits).
A. General Elementary certificates will be issued on a basis of thirty semester hours o.f college credit, including at least nine semester hours of approved professional education. After September 1, 1938, General Elementary certificates will rvot be issued to beginning teachers (teachers who have not had1 regular teaching experience previous to that date).
B. Provisional Elementary Two-year certificates will be issued on a basis of a minimum of sixty semester hours of college credit, including at least nine semester hours of approved professional education. Professional Elementary Two-year certificates require eighteen semester hours of approved professional education.
C. Provisional Elementary Three-year certificates will be issued on a basis of a minimum of ninety semester hours of college credit, including at least nine semester hours of approved professional education. Professional Ele~entary Threeyear certificates require eighteen semester hours of approved professional education.
D. Provisional Elementary Four-year certificates will be issued on a basis of graduation with a Bachelor's degree from an approved college, including at least nine semester hours of approved professional education. Professional Elementary Four-year certificates require eighteen semester hours of approved professional education.
E. Provisional Elementary Five-year certificates will be issued on a basis of' a Master's degree from an approved college, including at least nine semester hours of approved professional education. Professional Elementary Five-year certificates require eighteen semester hours of approved professional education.
II. HIGH SCHOOL CERTIFICATES I
High school certificates will be issued on a basis of two, three, four, or five years of college credit above graduation from an accredited high school (or validation of high school credits).
A. Provisional High School Two-year certificates will be issued on a basis of sixty semester hours of college credit, includ-
5

ing at least--' nine semester hours of approved professional education. Professional High School Two-year certificates require eighteen semester hours of professional education. Afte1 September 1, 1938, High School Two-year certificates will not be issued to beginning teachers (teachers who have not had regular teaching expe'rience previous to that date).
B. Provisional High School Three-year certificates will be issued on a basis of a minimum of ninety semester hours of college credit including at least nine semester hours of approved pro- , fessional education. Professional High School Three-year certificates require eighteen semester hours of approved professional education.
C. Provisional High School Four-year certificates will be issued on a basis of a minimum of a Bachelor's' degree from an approved college, including at least nine semester hours of approved professional educatiqn. Professional High School Four-year certificates require eighteen semester hours of professional education.
D. Provisional High School Five-year certificates will be issued on a basis of graduation with a Master's degree front an approved college, including at least nine semester hours of approved professional education. Professional High School Five-year certificates require eighteen semester hours of approved professional education.
III. SUPERVISORS CERTIFICATES
Professional or Professional Life Supervisors certificates will be is!;Ued on a basis of four or five years of college credit.
A. Supervisors Four-year certificates will be issued on a basis of a minimum of a Bachelor's degree from an approved college, including at least twenty-seven seme,ster hours of approved ,professional education, nine semester hours of which must be in the field of supervision.
B. Supervisors Five-year certificates will be issued on a basis of a Master's degree from an approved college, including- at least twenty-seven semester hours of approved professional education, nine semester hours of whicH must be in the field of supervision.
6

IV. ADMINISTRATORS CERTIFICATES Professional or Professional Life Administrators certificates will be issued on a basis of four or five years of college credit. A. Administrators Four-year certificates will be issued ,on a
basis of a minimum of a Bachelor's degree from an approved college, including at least twenty-seven semester hours of approved professional education, nine semester hours of which must be in the field of administration. B. Administrators Five-year certificates will be issued on a basis of a Master's degree from an approved college, including at least twenty-seven semester hours of approved professional education, nine semester hours of which must be in the field of administration.
7

PROFESSIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR CERTIFICATES
I. ELEMENTARY CERTIFICATES
Nine semester hours or three courses must be taken from the following:
A. ORIENTATION IN EDUCATION
The purpose of this course should be: to give an historical and philosophical background of the American school system; to give a detailed study of the needs and opportunities in the Georgia school system; to make comparisons of school systems of other countries with that of our own; to provide prospective teachers with a basis for selecting the fields of work for which to prepare~ to give prospective teachers a view of the present-day problems of education, and the school's methods of approa.ch in solving them.
B. EDUCATIONAL PSYC,HOLOGY
This course should deal with the learner and the learning process integrated with the principles of teaching and accompanied by observation. Emphasis .should be given to educational psychology of the child.
C. THE SCHOOL AND SOCIETY'
The purpose of this course should be to give the student a comprehensive picture 'of the activities and needs of children, youth and adults in the social order. Consideration should be given to the place and function of the school in a changing society, including the principles of education. A comprehensive and integrated program of education should be formulated.
D. ELEMENTARY CURRICULUM AND METHODS
This course should aim to develop the ability to organize and use specialized and integrated curricula, to meet the needs of children.
Courses other than those given above should be offered only by such institutions as are equipped for the purpose. Permission to give these additional courses for credit must be obtained from the State Department of Education.
Professional and professional life certificates require a minimum of eighteen semester hours of approved professional credit.
8

In addition to the required nine hours listed above, the record of the 'applicant for a professional elementary certificate should include courses in:
A. The analysis, selection, adaptation, organization and development of instructional materials in specialized or integrated fields on the elementary levels.
B. Directed observation of the best teaching practice, and supervised teaching in typical elementary school situations.
The professional training of the elementary teacher should be based upon academic courses, well distributed throughout the better known fields of culture and knowledge, including health, geography, natural science, literature, music, art, and, wherever possible, home economics, agriculture, and industrial arts. All elementary teachers should be familiar with the history and geography of Georgia. Primary teachers should have special training in the teaching of reading.
Not more than thirty per cent of the total college credit on which elementary certificates are issued should be professional education courses.
~\
I
9

PROFESSIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR CERTIFICA:TES
II. HIGH SCHOOL CERTIFICATES
Nine semester hours or three courses, must be taken from the following:
A. ORIENTATION IN EDUCATION
The purposes of this course should be: to give an historical and philosophical b11ckground of the American school system; to give a detailed study/ of the needs and opportunities in the Georgia school system; to make comparisons of school systems of other countries with that of our own; to provide prospective teachers with a basis for selecting the fields of work for which to prepare; to give prospective teachers a view of the present' day problems of education, and the school's method of approach in solving them.
B. EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY
This course should deal with the .learner and the learning process integrated with the principles of teaching and accompanied by observation. Emphasis should be given to educational psychology of the adolescent and the adult.
C. THE SCHOOL AND SOCIETY
The purpose of this course should be to give the student a comprehensive picture of the activities and needs of children, youth and adults in the social order. Consideration should be given to the place and function of the school in society, including the principles of education. A comprehensive and integrated program of education should be formulated.
D. HIGH SCHOOL CURRICULUM AND METHODS
This course should aim to develop the ability to organize and use specialized and integrated curricula, to meet the needs of adolescents and adults.
Courses othe:q than those given above should be offered only by such institutions as are equipped for the purpose. Permission to give these additional courses for credit must be obtained from the State Department of Edueation.
Professional and professional life certificates require a minimum of eighteen semester hours of approved professional credit. In
10

addition to the required nine hours listed above, the record of the applicant for a professional high school certificate should include courses in:
A. The analysis, selection, adaptation, organization and development of instructional materials in specialized or integrated fields on the high school levels.
B. Directed observation of the best teaching practice, and supervised teaching in typical high school situations.
C. Guidance.
III. SUPERVISORS AND ADMINISTRATORS CERTIFICATES
Only Professional and Professional Life Supervisors and Administrators certificates will be issued. .Any person qualifying for ither of these types of certificates must have had a minimum of three years' experience in the teaching profession.
In order to receive a Supervisors certificate for service in the elementary schools, it will be necessary for one to hold a Professional Elementary certificate. In order to receive a Supervisors certificate for service in high schools, it will be necessary for one to hold a Professional High School certificate. In addition, a minimum of nine semester hours in the field of supervision on the appropriate level will be required. Supervisors in the elementary field should take such special courses in supervision as will train them specifically for work in the elementary field. Supervisors in high school should take such special courses in supervision as will train them for work in the high school field.
In order to receive an Administrators certificate it will be necessary for one to hold a Professional Elementary or High School certificate. In addition, a minimum of nine 'semester hours in administr.ation will be required.
Jl

SUBJECT-MATTER REQUIREMENTS FOR HIGH SCHOOL TEACHERS

Below are college requirements in subject-matter preparation for permission to teach in the various subject-matter fields in high schools:
No. of Semester Hours

English (including American Literature)

21

Foreign Languages: (for each subject taught eg. Latin,

French, Spanish, German)

If based on four years of high school

12

If based on two years of high school

15

If based on no higlt1school courses .

18

Mathematics:

If based on four years of high school

9

If based on two years of high school

12

Natural Science: (biology, physics, chemistry, etc.)

24

(At least six semester hours in each subject will

be required of those who teach in specialized

science fields.)

Social Science: (history, government, sociology,

economics, etc.)

24

(At least six semester hours in each subject will

be required of those who teach in specialized

science fields.)

Home Economics: (vocational standards)

30

(foods and nutrition, clothing and textiles,

home management, child development, housing

and family relationships)

Agriculture: (vocational standards)

30

(crop and animal production, farm economics,

management, marketing, and soil conservation)

Art

18

Music

18

Industrial Art

18

Physical Education

.\ .

12

Library Service

1. Teacher-Librarian)

12

(organization and activities of the library,

reading guidance, the school library as an in-

formation laboratory)

12

...

2. Librarian

30

(administration, reference and bibliography,

cataloging and classification and book selec-

tion)

Commercial Subjects

24

(including three courses in shorthand, two in

typewriting, two in accounting and one in bus-

iness English)

Industrial and Trade Arts

1. Technical or engineering subjects directly related

to occupational field to be taught

45

2. Manipulative subjects of the occupation to be taught (beyond four years of apprenticeship) . 45

The professional training of the high school teacher should be based upon approved academic courses, well distributed throughout the better known fields of culture.

Not more than thirty per cent of the total college credit on which a high school certificate is issued should be professional education courses.

REGULATIONS GOVERNING EXAMINATIONS FOR STATE CERTIFICATES
Examinations for state certificates 'will be given in the office of the State Superintendent of Schools annually during the month of August at a time designated by him.
Examinations will be based on two years of college work. The basal examinations will be general in scope, including questions in English, history, mathematics, science, language (Latin, French, Spanish, German). Examinations will validate only subject-matter requirements for certificates.
In order to receive a state certificate, it will still be necessary for an applicant to submit credit under the professional requirements for certificates.

DEFINITIONS, EXPLANATIONS AND ADDITIONAL REGULATIONS
1. A college hour represents the work done during one recitation a week for thirty-six weeks.
13

2. A semester hour represents the work done during one recitation a week for eighteen weeks.

3. A term, or quarter hour, represents the work done during one recitation a week for twelve weeks.

4. A course represents the work done during fiv e hours per week for one quarter, or twelve weeks. A half-course represents the work done during five hours every two weeks for one quarter, or twelve weeks. Courses and half-courses correspond .to majors and minors. A course is the equivalent of one and two-thirds college hours, or three and one-third semester hours, or five term or quarter hours. A half-course is the equivalent of one and two-thirds semester hours, or.two and one-half term or quarter hours.

5. Thirty semester hours, or fifteen college hours, represent the

minimum college year's work.



6. An accredited high school is one that has been approved by the Accrediting Commission of this State.

7. A standard junior college may be defined as a junior college approved by the State Departm,ent of Education requiring for admission graduation from an accredited high school, and requiring for graduation approximately sixty semester hours.

8. A standard normal school may be defined as a normal school approved by the State Department of Education, requiring for admission graduation from an accredited high school, and requiring for graduation an approved two-year course.

9. A standard college may be defined as an institution approved by the State Department of Education, requiring for admission graduation from an accredited high school, and requiring for graduation approximately one hundred and twenty semester hours.

. 10. In regard to the ratings of out-of-state institutions, as these affect certification, the State Department 'of Education will be guided by the rating that the Department of Education of the state in which the institution is located places upon that institution, or by the rating of other standard accrediting agencies, such as the Southern Association, etc.

11. Subject-matter requirements include such subjects as do not relate directly to teaching.

12. Professional education requirements include such subjects as have a direct relation to teaching.

13, Professional credit, to be applied on a college certificate, should be earned at a standard college; professional credit, to be
14

applied on a normal or junior college certificate, should be earned at a standard colleg~, normal school, or junior college.
14. All applications for certificates must be based on credits from standard educational institutions, (except where application is based on examination).
15.' All applicants for certificates must show teaching experience, attendance upon summer school, or other evidence of professional growth within a period of three years preceding date of application.
16. No certificate will be issued to any applicant who is under eighteen years of age.
17. Applicants for teachers' certificates must show evidence of good moral character.
18. Any certificate may be cancelled by the State Board of Education upon satisfactory evidence that the holder thereof is conducting his school in violation of the laws of the state or who is a person unworthy to instruct the youth of the state, or who has obtained his certificate under misrepresentations.
REGULATIONS GOVERNING EXAMINATIONS FOR COUN'rY LICENSES
The examination of teachers for county licenses will be held annually in the summer under the supervision of the County Superintendent of Schools. On request questions will be sent to any County Superintendent of Schools a few days before examinations.
Examinations for county licenses will be on questions on the following subjects: reading and writing, spelling, arithmetic~, English, composition, grammar, United States history, civics, geography, health, methods in education.
Examination papers for county licenses will be examined and graded by the County Superintendent of Schools. An average of seventy-five per cent on the examination will be a minimum requirement for the issuance of a county license.
A county license will be valid for a period of three years from date of issuance.
A county license may be renewed upon the completion of a minimum of six semester hours of college work.
15

Il U~~~~~~MII~ll~~~~~~illll~~~l111~Il
. 3 2108 05732 8703