Educational survey of Stephens County, Georgia [1922]

Educatio-noaf l- Survey
Stephens County Georgia
BY
M.L. DUGCAN, Rural School Agent
AND EURI BELLE BOLTON, Extension Dept., C. N. I. College
No. 36
Under Direction of Stafe
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
M. L. BRITTAIN State Superintendent of Schools
1922 1

STEPHENS COIJNTY PUBLIC SCHOOLS Hon. Thos. G. WaIters, County Superintendent, Trcrccoa, Ga.
County Board of Education
Hon. J. S. Crawford, R. I?. D. 2................................Toccoa Ga. Hon. Slaan Bruce, R. F. D. 2..................................Avalon Ga, Ron. Arthur Andrews ................................................ T o c o a , Ga. Hon. W. P. F a r r , R. F. D. 1 T ...................................... 'occa, Ga. Ron. J. M. Farmer, R. F. D. 1............................. Ayersville, Ga,

TO PUBLIC SCHOOL OFFICIALS AND CITIZENS OF
STEPHENS COUNTY:
From illustrations and descriptions and reports of t h e schools of Stephens county a s given herein it will be seen t h a t the public school situation isnot such as t o excite t h e pride of the citizens or afford a fair opportunity t o t h e children, and it is very clear that the entire county school system must be reorganized before a basis can be laid for adequate educational facilities for the children of the county. The problem, which is the most important one confronting t h e people, shauld be considered a s a whole rather than from the standpoint of any one school or locality. It is a countywide problem of far-reaching importance, and well deserves t h e most serious consideration of all good citizens. It is not even second in importance to permanent good roads or streets or court houses.
No school in the county can ever attain its highest efficiency or render its greatest service until every school in the county is made a g o d school. Each one is more or less dependent upon and influenced by every other one, and all should be organized into a harmmious educational system with the purpose of providing for every child in the couhty equal and adequate opportunities for a thorough education. This can only be done by a business-like organization well indicated by experience and opinions of public school administrators, and the unselfish cooperation of all t h e citizens s f the county.
Such reorganization will first involve abolishing the legal wall of separation in educational matters set up by special legislation around the towns of Toccoa and Martin, and making one cause with the rest of their county for a thoroughly efficient educatianal system. This can be done as it has been done in many other Georgia counties, without any sacrifices, financial or educational, to either of these Stephens county 'towns. On the contrary, there is much t o be gained by both towns from cooperating in such proposed reorganization. Still more would be t h e gain to rural sections of t h e county; and no good fortune can come to any part of the county withaut being shared by the county seat. The public schools a t Toccoa and Martin have probably about reached their full growth and development already until they can render better service and receive better support for their county, and to perpetuate their limitations would be selfish, non-progressive, and suicidal policy.

A PROPOSED COUNTY EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
An efficient county educational system should contemplate :
1. ONE COUNTY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL of eleven or twelve grades we11 provided with suitabIe libraries, Iabora'ories, etc., and free in its high schooI grades t o a11 the children sf the county. No system can be expected to produce satisfactory results without incIuding some nvo isi ions for professional training of its teachers, and therefore this school should offer an approved Tescher Training Course from which most of the teachers for the county would come.
2. ONE COUNTY VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL, well equipped for vccational education, and free to all the children of the county who desire vocationaI training. This schooI would contribute greatly to the materia1 proyress and prosperity of the county, and for this reason should be IiberaIIy supported by the county.
3. TWO OR THREE JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOLS should be provided. (Later on this number would be increased t o four or five.) Senior high schooI subjects cannot be taught well without reference libraries and laboratories and in schools of more than five teachers. Conveniently located junior high schools can do good preparatory work a t less cost to the county and without taking young pupils away from their family influences and control.
4. Where for lack of sufficient support and patronage Junior high schools can not be justified there should be provided primary and elementary schools of one and two teachers each. These should never be nearer than four miles of other schools (See Ga. School Laws, Art. 6 ; Sec. 117.) They should be well housed and equipped, and provided with capable teachers. For t h e sake of thoroughness in t h e fundamentals of education it is most important that they be limited t o four or five grades a t one-teachers schools, and seven grades a t t h e two-teacher schools. More grades allowed will result in such lack of thoroughness a s will hinder the normal progress of pupils as they are advanced. Pupils above such grades should attend the nearest Junior high schools or one of the Senior high schools. Transportation should be provided if distances are too great. (See Ga. School Laws, Art. 5 ; Sec. 93).

LARGER SCHOOL DISTRICTS AND SCHOOL
LOCATIONS
Practically all of the scho31 D i s t f c t s are smaller in area than is contemplated by law. (See Ga. School Laws, Art. 6 ; Sec. 117). In order to comply with the law, and for the best interests of t h e cause, we recommend P a t the Board of Education lay off the county into larger school districts wherever possible. In the upper portions of the county this is not practicable, except in a few instacces, on account of the mountains and dangerous streams. In a map submitted we have indicated approximately where i t seemed desirable to enlarge the Districts. I t would not be pvacticable for us to indicate more definitely without a much better knowledge of land lots, land lines, public roads, streams, etc., but it will not be difficult for the county school a u t h x i ties to indicate such exact descr:ptions as the law requires. Their good judgment may also suggest some changes in the tentative map submitted. Laying off larger school districts does not necessarily mean immediate changes in school locations, or that only one schzol can be permittea in a distr:ct by the Bgard. However, the permsnent loc2tions of the schools in every district is a n im;?ortant matler deserving serious consideration. Generelly accessibility will be the determining factor, altl-ough there are apt to be other i m p ~ t a n ltocal considerations in each case. In c z s e ~ of Junior high schools such considerztio--s 2s prospects of patronage in the higher grades, the r u m b e - of te:chei-p that can be provided, etc., will usually determine proler locations.
As to the proper locations for the COUNTY SEVIOR HIGH SCHOOL and the COUNTY VOCATIONAL HIGE SCHOOL there can be no doubt. These could r o t become debatable questions in the mind of any thinking citizen.
A BUILDING PRBGPAM
Any wise reorganization policy must contemplat? a building program f a r beyond any immediate realization. All buildings should be carefully planned with reference to their use and future demands. There would be immediate need for a well equipped Senior High School building a t the county seat adequate to the constantly increasing educational demands of the county. For equally important county-wide service more room and very much better equipment

should be added to the County Vocational High School. Entirely new buildings will be necessary for all the Junior High Schools. New buildings tor completely remodelled buildings should be provided for all the primary and elementary schools, exvept a t Fairview, which wlll before long require additional rcoms and teachers. This school will later most probably become a junior high school.
Important permanent public improvements are nowhere ~lndertakennow except by bond issues. Ga. laws provide for issuing bonds for building school houses by c-unties o r by school districts. The latter plan would probably be moat satisfactory in Stephens county, a s each school district would thus incur obligations only for its own buildings.
ADMINISTRATION AND SUPERVISION
No public school system such as is proposed for Stephens county could not be thought of without adequate administrat:on and professional supervision. Full time with proper compensation should be required of a superintendent, and constant professional supervision should be provided. The business of educating and training the children of t h e county is a very serious undertaking. but nothing pays better. Education comes high, but ignorance costs vastly more. Up02 the educational policy of the county depends largely its future prosperity. The responsibility of determining that policy is placed upon the county Board of Educatioon, and they deserve t h e sympathy and cooperation of all good citizens-men and women.
The public school funds of the county received from t h e State and collected from the people are partly wasted because the public schools are failing to educate the children. The time has come when t h e people will not complain a t a high rate of school tax pravided 'it i s so administered a s to give their children a g o d education. Like any other "big business" this can only be accomplished through proper organizaticn and efficient administration. Given the best and most progressive county public school system in the State and Stephens county would soon stand a t the head of the list in material p~osperity. No other public enterprise could so greatly cr srr universally benefit every citizen or' prcperty owner in the county. There is no good reason for further delay. The State Department of Education stands ready to render every possible asistance.
(NOTE-Free and f r a n k discussions and criticisms of these recommendations by all interested citizens of the county most cordially invited, and their active combined efforts toward creating an improved public school system f o r t h e county confidently expected.-M. L. Duggan, Rural School Agent f o r State Department of Education).
6

SCHOOL CONDITIONS IN STEPHENS COIJNTY
Buildings and Equipment
All of the one-room school buildings and all of t h e tworoom buildings except the one a t the Fairview School have been poorly planned or built without any plan and are wholly unsuited to school purposes. (See pictures and descriptions for details). As a general rule t h e one-teacher school buildings consist of one rather small room. There are no cloak rooms nor halls nor rooms for industrial work of any kind. The classrooms of the one and two-teacher buildings, with one or two exceptions, are lighted by 6 or 8 small windows placed on two, three, and in s o F e cases four sides of the building. In many of the buildings2he amount of window space is insufficient; and the windows are placed a t long distances apart causing shadows and cross lights, which are injurious to the eyes of the pupils. There is not a jacketed stove nor a correct system of heating in any school in the county. Most of the buildings are unpainted. Many of those which have been painted a r e colored on the inside in dark grey, dull green, or bright blue. These colors are not pretty and they have a very bad effect on t h e lighting of a classroom. Even the larger school buildings a t the Avalon and the Martin Schools are just as poorly planned and as unsuited t o s c h o ~ lpurposes a s smaller school buildings. One of the worst conditions exist a t Merritt's School where two teachers are trying to teach 75 pupils in one small room. The pupils are crowded together three on a seat.
In many of t h e small schools there are no good blackboards, and in many others t h e amount of blackboard space is insufficient. Teachers cannot teach writing and number work without good blackboards. In many of the oneteacher schools there are no desks. The children sit for long hours on long uncomfortable homemade benches. As a result of leaning over in order t o read their books, which are usually held in the lap, the children develop stooped shoulders and in some cases curvature of the spine. This lack of comfortable desks not only impairs the health of the pupils, but makes the school work more difficult. There a r e very few charts, maps, globes, or pictures in any of the schools.
The buildings a t the Fairview School stands out in sharp contrast to the buildings described above. This building is according to a State approved plan drawn by one who understands the principles of school architecture. The two classrooms are of standard size and a r e correctly lighted-the light coming from the east and from only one side of the

building. There is a long hall in which individual lockers will be built so as to provide a place for each child to keep his wrap and lunch. - In addition to the classrooms, there are two rooms providing space for a school kitchen and for a dining room and library combined. The school has a good library consisting of 175 well selected books. The classrooms are seated with single patent desks and other school equipment is being added a s rapidly as the funds can be raised. The teachers and people are consulting school experts about the colors to be used in painting the building, about sanitary toilets and the best plan for improving the school grounds. As a result of their co-operation with the county and state educational officials there will soon be developed a modern school plant efficient in every detail and capable of rendering the best service to the boys and girls who are to be trained there. The Toccoa Lake School building was built without any plan and even though i t is new, it is as unsuited to school purposes as the dilapidated building a t the Merritt's School. This is a natural result of a lack of professional direction and supervision. Country boys and girls deserve as good, comfortable, attractive and well equipped school buildings as do the boys and girls in any community.
SHORT SCHOOL YEAR AND SHORT RECITATION PERIODS
For the past ten years the country schools of Stephens County have had an average school year of 5 months. The Toccoa School and other good schods in the state have a nine months term. Children in the country schools have no more ability than the children in Toccoa or the other systems. Can they do t h e same amount of school work in five months that the children in the other systems do in nine months ?
Added to the inequality in the length of the school term is the inequality of teaching time per grade in the small schcols as compared with that in the larger schools. The teachers were asked to send in daily schedules of work showing the number of minutes given t o each recitation. Only a few schedules were sent in, but they reveal some interesting facts. The teachers in the one-teacher schools have an average of 36 recitations per day and the average length of each recitation period is 10.6 minutes; the teachers in the three-teacher schools have an average of 18 recitations per day and the length of each recitation is 20.8 minutes. In one one-teacher school only 60 minutes during the entire day are devoted to two sections of the first grade; in another

85 minutes are devoted to three sections cf the first grade; while in one of the three-teacher schools 220 minutes per day are devoted to two sections of the first grade. From
these figures it is clearly evident that the primary children in the small s c h ~ ~ oalrse receiving very little of t h e tescher's time. There are not so many pupils in the upper grades in the small schools as there are in the lower grades, but these few upper grade pupils have two or three more recitations per day and about twice as much of the teachers' time as do t h e small children in the lower grades. And yet children in the lower grades are practically helpless and stand in greater need of help and direction from the teacher than the older children who have learned how to study. The teachers in the small schools can nctt do their best work because they have too many grades to teach. If a teacher can give only 10 minutes to each recitation, she can not possibly do her work as thoroughly as a teacher who has 20 minute recitation periods.
QUALIFICATIONS OF TEACHERS
The teachers in the one and two-teacher schools of Stephens County are not so well prepared for their work as t h e teachers in the larger schools. Three of the 22 teachers in the small schoo!s have had a normal training; 11are high school graduates and 8 have had less than high school scholarship. Eighteen of t h e 23 teachers in the larger schools (the schools having three or more teachers) have had either normal or college training; 3 are high school graduates and 2 have had less than high school scholarship. The teachers of Stephens County, on t h e whole, are better trained than the teachers in many Georgia Counties, but from the figures given above it is quite evident that the professional strength of the teachers, especially in the small schools, is f a r below standard. A large number of the teachers in the county a r e graduates of the Toccoa High School. If the high school a t Taccoa would offer a Teacher Training Course a s an elective f a r those senPors who wish t o beclome teachers, it would render a much greater service t o the county than it is now doing. In order to improve the present conditions of t h e schools it will be necessary to have a better trained corps of teachers.
The teachers could do much better work if they served for a langer time a t the same school. Of the 45 teachers whose qualifications were studied, 27 were teaching a t their present school for the first time. It takes a teacher a t least a year to learn her puipls, patrons, and community and their
various needs and problems. If she goes on to another

school a t the end of the year she has no opportunity to do any constructive c0mmunit.y work. The Board of Education could encourage the teachers to overcome this handicap by offering a graduated bonus for length of service.
CLASSROOM WORK
In order to get some idea of the quality of classroom work being done in the schools, educational tests were given to the fourth and the seventh grades in each school. The time for making the survey was so limited that it was impossible to give the tests to all of the grades. These two were selected so that some study might be made of the primary work and the upper grammar grade work. These educational tests have been given under the same conditions to thousands of pupils in representative schools in all parts of the United States. The median or average scores have been found and are called Standard Scores. The Standards for each test, therefore, represent what average children should be able to do in each subject if they have been well taught. The results of the tests a r e not tabulated in this report, but the scores made by the pupils in the various types of schools have been compared with the standard scores and from the comparisons some definite conclusions may be drawn.
1. In all of the schools in the county the work in reading, writing, language, and arithmetic shows a serious lack of thoroughness. The scores made in comprehension in reading by the fourth grades in all of the schoo!s are more than a year and a half below standard and the rate scores are more than a year below standard. (The comprehension score in reading represents ability to get thought from paragraphs read. The rate score represents the number of words per minute.) The scores made in comprehension in reading by the seventh grades in all of the schools are nearly two years below standsrd in comprehension and are more than three years below standard in rate. Pupils who read so poorly as these scores indicate can not do thorough work in history, geography and the other school subjects, for ability to learn any subject depends upon ability to read! understandingly the lessons assigned in that subject. The scores made in arithmetic by the fourth grade in all of the schools are below the standard score for t h e third grade; t h e scores made by the seventh grade are below t h e standard score for the fifth grade. The work in writing and composition is correspondingly below standard. It is absolutely necessary that children have some degree of mastery in

handling these tool subjects of fesrning if they are to progress through the grades satisfactorily. It is also important that they master the work outlined for each lower grade before they are advanced to the higher grade. If
pupils attempt work for which they are not prepared the work becomes a burden, and their lack of thoroughness increases as they advance. As school work becomes increasingly irksome because of their not being able to do it well, they lose interest and then drop out of school before they reach the upper grades. We must see that our children are well taught in the lower grades if we expect them t o stay in school and secure a high school education.
2. The upper grades are furtheri below standards than the lolwer grades in all of the subjects in which t h e tests were given. In spite of the short school term, irregular attendance, and short recitation periods, all of which make it difficult for pupils to complete the work outlined for each grade, they are promoted a t the end of t h e term. As they are promoted from year to year their lack of thoroughness increases.
3. The work being done in the one and two-teacher schpols is not so thorough a s thq work done in the larger schaols of the county. The poor quality of work being done in the small schools is due to conditions fairly shown in this/ Bulletins.

EDUCATION DAY IN STEPHENS COUNTY, DECEMBR IZTH, 1921. Two Thousand Children from the Schools of the County.
1: Toccoa High School, Prof. Edmund Wroe, Superintenden 2: One End of the Line of March. 3 : Indian Pageant on Court House Lawns. 4: Grand Stand, Toccoa High School kthletic Grounds.

ESTANOLLEE SCHOOL
Teachers: A. H. Johnson, Mizs Albrrta Wright, Miss Daisy Hayes, Mrs. A. H. Johnson, n/li.s Jewel Hayes, Mrs. L. T. McLain, Miss Dona Wiley.
ccation: R. R. Station ond Toccoa and Elbelton Ry., Nine miles South of Toccoa.
,rounds: Area 10 acres; titles in County Board; wooded except one acre; two pumps and buckets; a school garden; snpervised play; sanitary toilets.
Iduilding: Value $20,000.CO; eight rooms; good condition; four cloak rooms; good ventilation. Also Domestic Science building, shops, teachers home, etc., value $3,000.00.
lquipment: Patent desks; homemade blackboard; 1 globe; some agricultural charts; some maps; a few pictures; a library; no reference dictionary; laboratory equipment for agriculture, domestic science, etc.
tbrganizaticn: Seven teachers; 11 grades; 225 enrolled; programs posted; vocatimal agricu1tu:e; domestic science provided for; nine months school year.
Iaintenance:

Teachers: Prof. W. R. Eskew; Miss Ruth Dean; Miss Mary Sadie
Tsbell: Miss Lucille Roark.
h a t i o n : Avalon 1% miles northwest; Line 2 miles southeast (Franklin Co.); Tom's creek 3 miles southwest.
Grounds: Area 2 acres; titles in Board of Trustees; partly improved; some play equipment; supervised play; no gardens; two sanitary toilets; a covered well.
Building: Value $4,5C0.00; 4 rooms; lighting bad; insufficient window space; needing repairs; well kegt; no cloak rooms; plastered inride; brlck outside.
Equipment: Double and single patent desks; poor black boards; a few maps; no charts; one globe; no pictures; a very small library; no reference dictionary; a piano.
Organizatioh: 4 teachers; ten grades; 115 enrolled; no probrams posted; no industrial work; a literary society; a Woman's Club; eight months schools year.
Maintenance: $3,000.00 per annum from City and state.

AVA1,ON SCHOOL
Teachers: Prof. J. M. Skelton, Miss Bessie Cdlins, Miss Oma H.
Thomas.
Location: Martin 1 mile southeast; Eastonollee 3 mlles northwest.
rounds: Area one and one-half acres; titles in County Board; snnle play equipment; supervised play; no gardens; su surface toilets in poor condition.
Building: Value $1,250.00; three rooms; very bad lighting; good condition; well kept; no cloak rooms; painted inside and outside.
quipment: Double patent desks; one teschers' desk; two tables; insufficient amount of blackboard; one map; some primary charts; one globe; a few pictures; no library; a reference dictionary.
Organization: Three teachers; ten grades; 130 enrolled; no programs posted; no industrial work; a Canning Club; a Literary Society; Seven months school term.
[aintenance:

FAIRVIEW SCHOOL
Teachers: Mrs. Frank Simpson, Miss Caroline StovalL
Lccation: Rock Creek 4 miles northwest; Eastanollee 6 miles west; Avalon 4 miles southwest.
Gtcunds: Area 12 acres; titlta in County Board; we11 kept; spacious play grounds; no equipment; supervised play; vegetable and flower gardens; two surface toilets in fair condition.
Building: Value $3,500.00; properly lighted; new; well kept; cloak rooms; painted outside. A modern building built by State approved plans.
Equipment: Single patent desks; good hyloplate blaclrboards; three good maps; a globe; no pictures; a library; two sets of reference books; no reference dictionzry.
Organization: Two teachers; seven grades; 58 enrolled; programs posted; a Parent-Teacher Asociation. Seven months school year.
Maintenace: $973.00 per annum from county.

BIG A SCHOOL
Teachers: Prof. T. G. Walters, Miss Ora Belle Kesler, Miss Nellie
Walters.
Location: Rock Creek 4 miles; Eastonelle 5 miles southeast.
~unds: Area 2 % acres; titles in County Board; well kept; flower gardens; supervise; play; some play equipment; two surface toilets.
Building: Value $2,000.00; three rooms; good condition; no cloak rooms; painted outside and inside.
Equipment: Double patent desks; teacher's tables; good hyloplate blackboards; no sand tables; no charts; no globes; a few pictures; a small library; a reference dictionary; a covered water cooler.
Organization: Three teachers; nine grades; 145 pupils; programs posted; no clubs; seven months term.
Maintenance: $1,487.50 per annum from County.

UNION HILL SCHOOL
Teachers: Prof. C. I?. Fisher, Miss Leone Collins, Miss Lu!a Pulliam.
Location: Three and one-half miles northeast to Tom's creek; 4 miles to Eastonollee; 5 miles southwest to New Hope.
Grounds: Area 1% acres; titles in Trustees; unimp:oved; no school gardens; supervised play; one surface tcilet in good condition.
Building: Value $2,500.00; three rooms; very well lighted; well kept; two cloak rooms; painted outside.
Equipment: Double patent desks; hyloplate blackboard; four maps; no sharts; no pictures; a globe; a bookcase and a few books; no reference dictionary; a teachers' desk.
Organization: Three teachers; nine grades; 91 enrolled; no program posted; no industrial work; no clubs; 6% months school year.
Maintenace: $1,557.50 per annum.

NEW HOPE SCHOOL
Teachers: R. N. Dover, Miss Ruth Kirk, Miss Hortense Pulliam, Mize, Georgia.
Location: 4 % miles west to Cannon School.
Grounds: Area % acre; titles in Trustees; wooded; small play grounds; no school garden; surface toilets in very good condition.
Iding: Value $1,700.00; three rooms; lighting from west; insufficient window space; two cloak rooms; ventilation very good; painted inside and outside; well kept.
Equipment: Double patent desks; good blackboard; no maps; no charts; no globes; a few pictures; a reference dictionary; no library.
'anization: Three teachers; nine grades; 111 enrolled; program posted; corn and pig clubs; parent-teacher club; School year 28 weeks.
Maintenance: $1,331.75 per annum from County.

ROCK CREEK SCHOOL
Teachers: Miss Eva Camp, Mrs. G. W. Thompson. Loeation: Big A four miles west; ETastanollee 4 miles southwest. Grounds: Area, one and one-fourth acres; titles in local trustees;
no equipment; no gardens; water secured from open spring; one surface toilet m fairly good condition. Building: Value $1,200.00; improperly and insufficiently lighted; ceiled; well kept; no cloak rooms; unpainted inside; painted outside. Equipment: Double patent desks; no teachers's desks; good blackboard, but an insufficient amount in primary room; no charts; no library; one picture; globes. Organization: Two teachers; 8 grades; 88 enrolled; no program posted; no industrial work; no clubs; seven months school year. Maintenance: $891.50 per annum from County.

CARNES CREEK

'Teachers: Mr. Bart Thon~as,Mrs. Carrie Hurst.

Locaticn: 2 miles northwest t o Merritts Academy; New 'Hope five miles south.

r u n : Area 2 zcree; titles in County Board; unimproved; r.0 plsy equirnent; no gardens; two surface toilets, cot very good condition.

Building: Value $1,000.00; two rooms; ceiled; unpainted outside; has been painted inside; well kept.

Equipment : Double patent desks; two teachers' desks; homemade blackboard; two maps; primary chart; no chart; no globes; a few pictures.

Organizaticn: Two teachers; 8 grades; no program posted; no industrial work; no clubs; seven months school year.

Maintenance.

~ 7 5 9from County.

TOM'S CREEK. SCHOOL
Teaehcrs: Prof. B. H. Rich Miss Viok Soather.
Location: Aualou 3 miles m r t b a s t ; Union Hill 4 mi%s northwest;
G.raunds: Area 2 acres; titles; Trustees of schools; rough, newly cleared; small play grounds; no equipment; one surface! tcilet, well kept.
Building.: Value $2$00.00; two rooms; properly lighted; new; not well kept; no cloak rooms; unpainted inside; painted outside,
Equipment: Double patent desks; insufficient amount af good blackboard; two maps; no charts; no globes; no pictures; n o library; a reference dictionary.
Otganization: Two teachers; seven grades; 191 enrolled; no industrial work; program posted; no clubs; seven months school year,
Mainteuaac~: $833.00 per annum from County.

Teachers: Mrs. Cary Whitmire, Miss Bertha Tagor,

Eocatio~: Canres Creek 2% miles southeast; Currahee 3 miles south.

Grounds: Area 2 acres; titles.................,; appliance; no gardens, no toilrels.

uaimproved; no play

Building: Value $400.00; one morn; improperly lighted; ne@dsrepair; no cloak rooms; heabd by 'two stoves; unpainted; no community use.

-pment:

Double patent desks; no teachers' desks; vbry smail

blackboard; three maps; no pictures: no rharts; no globes;

no dictionary; no library.

Organizaticn: TWOteachern; 7 grades; 73 pupils; pyogranle posted; no clubs; seven months school year.

Maintenance: $736:75 per annum from cot.int.$

CANNON SCHOOL
Teachers: Misses Fannie Garland,. Mamie Fa;lae Location: Currahee 2% miles; Mountain Grove 2 miles N. W.
Grcun.4~: Area, one acre; titles to trustees with revertkg clause; clean hnd fairly well :.ept; no gardens; no toi ets; no playequipment,
Building: Value $1,0OC.CO; one room; improperly lighted; no cloak rooms; heated t y fireplaces; unpainted.
Equipment: Benches; no teachers' desks; no sand tables; one small blackboard; one Georgia map; no charts; no globes; no pictures; r,o dictiona:~; no library.
Organization: Two teachezs; 6 grades; 21 pupils; no programs posted; no clubs; seven months school year.
Xaintenance: $585.25 per annum.

MOUNTAIN GROVE SCHOOL Teachers: Miss Thelma Davis. Location: Cannon two miles southeast; Ayersville 5 miles northeast. Grounds: Area................; titles................ ; unimproved.
small playgrounds; no play appliances; supervised play; no toilets. Building: Church; no cloak rooms; heated by stove; unpainted. Equipment: Benches; small hyloplate blackboard; two maps; no sand tables; no pictures; no globes; no library; no reference dictionary; no water cooler. Organization: One teacher; six grades; 40 pupils; no posted program; no industrial work; seven months school year. Maintenance: $446.25 from County.

CURRAHEE SCHOOL Teachers: Miss Mattie Stowe. Loeation: Merritt's 4 miles northwest. Grounds: Area one acre; titles in trustees; not in good condition;
small play grounds; no play appliances; no gardens; no toilets. Building: Value $300.00; one room; improperly lighted; well kept; Equipment: Double patent desks; teachers' desk; good blackboard; no cloak rooms; heated by fire place; unpainted. no sand tables; no charts; no globes; no library; no dictionary; a covered water cooler. Organization: One teacher; seven grades; 60 pupils; no program posted; no industrial work; no clubs. Maintenance: $446.25 per annum from county.

AYERSVILLE SCHOOL
Teacher: Miss Elma Weeks.
Lacation: Six miles to Mountain Grove.
Grounds: Area two acres; titles......................... unimproved; no play appliances; supervised play; no gardens; no toilet.
Building: Value $800.00; one room; properly lighted; well kept; no cloak rooms; heated by stove; good ventilation; unpainted inside.
Equipment: Double patent desks; no teachers' desks; 20-in. hyloplate blackboard; no charts; no globes; no pictures; no reference dictionary; a covered water cooler.
Organization: One teacher; 5 grades; 42 pupils; no programs posted; no clubs; seven months' school year.
Maintenance: $516.25 per annum from County and local tax.

DANCE ACADEMY
Teachers: Miss VeIma Davis. Location: Rock Creek 2 miles; Eastanollee 2% miles southwest. Grounds: Area 1 acre; titles in trustees; unimproved; fair condi-
tion; small playground; no gardens; one toilet (surface) in fair condition. Building: Value $300.00; one room; improperly lighted; new; well kept; no cloak rooms; unpainted. Equipment: Long benches; small blackboard; two maps; no charts; no globes; no library; no dictionary. Organization: One teacher; 7 grades; 33 enrolled; no program posted; six months school year.
Maintenance: $.....................

PULLIAM SCHOOL
Teachers: Miss Florence Griggs.
Lccaticn: Trimmier 3% miles north; Providence 4 miles southeast.
Grounds: Area one acre; titles in Board of Education; rocky and unimproved; small playgrounds; no equipment; no gardens; one surface toilet in poor condition.
Building: Value $700.CO; one room; incorrectly lighted; comparatively new; well kept; no cloak rooms; unpainted; heated by stove.
Equipment: Double patent desks-insufficient number; no teachers' desk; no maps; insufficient amount of blackboard; nb tables; nd charts; no globes; no pictures; no dictionary; no library.
Organization: One teacher; 7 grades; 35 pupils; no program posted; 60 recitation periods; no industrial work; no clubs; seven months school year.
Blaintenance: $446.25 per annum.

TOCCOA LAKE SCROOL
Teachers: Mrs. Oscar Sosebee.
Lacation: Bending Hickury 3 miles west
Groundu: Area 2 acres; titles in County Board; neuly cleared, rough; clean; no pla yappliances; no gardens; two surface toilets, in good condition,
Buildings: Value $700.00; oae room; improperly lighted; new; welt
kept; no cloak rooms; unpainted; heated by stove. Bquipment: Double homemade desks; no blackboards; no maps; m
sand tables; n o globes; no h a m d pictures; no library; no dictionary.
Organization: One teacher; four grades; thirty pupils; no program posted; no industrial work; no clubs.
Maintenance :

BENDING HICKORY SCHOOL
Teachers: K i s Cleo Ellms. neation: !Ibccca Lake 3 miles west. rounds: Area one acre; titles P n Cobt~tyBoard; clean; no plag appliances; no gardens; no toilets.
Buildings: Value $300.00; one room; insufficSently lighted; ho cloak rooms; painted inside; needs repairing outside.
Equipment: ....Double homemade desks; no teachers' desk; hohe-made blackboards; no maps; no &rtS; no pictures; no dictionary; no globes.
Organization: One teacher; seven eades'; 30 pupils.; progtam posted;
no industrial work; no club. Maintenance: $362.25 per annum.

UNION SCHOOL Teachers: Miss Pearl Davidson.

Lccation: Cross Roads (Habersham) 3% miles west; Old Toccoa 4 miles south (across mountain).

Grounds: Area

titles

water from neighbor's

well; no playground space; no gardens; no toilets.

Building: Value $300.00; one room; insufficiently lighted; ceiled; well kept; no cloak rooms; unpainted.

Equipment: Benches, oiled cloth blackboards; no maps; no charts; no globes; no pictures; no library; no reference dictionary.

Organization: One teacher; seven grades; 23 enrolled; no program posted; no industrial work; no clubs; seven months school term.

TRIMMIER SCHOOL

Teachers: Miss Juanita Powell.

h a t i o n : Pulliam three miles southeast.

Grounds: Area ................; titles..................... hilly and unimproved; no gardens; no toilets.

Buildings: Value $250.00; one room; insufficiently lighted; fairly well kept; no cloak rooms; heated by stove; painted inside; unpainted outside.

Equipment: Double patent desks; no teachers' desk; small homemade blackboard; no globes; no pictures; no library; no charts.

Organization: One teacher; 5 grades; 26 pupils; no clubs; seven months' school year.

Maintenance:

..

TOCCOA FALLS SCHOOL
Teachers: ....Miss Alice Larson.
Location: Bending Hickory three miles north.
Grounds: On grounds of Toccoa Falls Institute.
Building: One small rooni of one of t h e Institute's buildings; too small; insufficiently lighted; no cloak rooms; unpainted inside.
Equipment: Horne-made desks and chairs; home-made blackboards; one map; no charts; no pictures; no library; one globe; no reference dictionary.
Organization: One teacher; 7 grades; 40 enrolled; no clubs; seven months' school year.
Maintenance: $446.00 per annum.
Remarks: This grammar school is operated by the Toccoa Falls Institute in cooperation with the County.

TUGALO SCHOOL
Teacher: H. M. Pulliam Location: Three and a half miles south of m a l o Station; 4 miles
north of Rock Creek School. Grounds: Area......-............/ Titles..................../ entirely unimproved;
no toilets; no school garden; no playgrounds. Building: Value, $250.00; one small room; no cloak rooms; insuf-
ficiently lighted; ceiled; painted on the outs'lae. Equipment: Rough home-made. desks; good blackboards; no maps;
no charts; no globes; no reference dictionary or other teaching device. Organization: One teacher; seven grades.; enrollment 31; average attendance 22; l a g * of school six months.

PROVIDENCE SCHOOL
Tearhem: Mrs. 4 . B. TurnbuII, Principal; Miss Hennie TurnbulILoeatian: At Tngalo Station on Southern RailwayGrounds: Church yard and cemetery. BniLding: Methodist Church; wholly unsuited f o r school purposes;
both teachers teaching in one room. Equipment: Long adult benches for seats; no equipment except a
very small blackboard and a Georgia map. Organizatioxt: Two teachers; seven grades; enrollment 52 from Geor-
gia and 17 from South Carolina; average attendance about 45, Note: This should become an important point for developing a good
junior high school if given enlarged territory and active co-operation from all of the citizens,