Report of the adjutant-general of the state of Georgia from 1911-1912

REPORT
F THE
e.o gl ADJUTANT-GENERAL's DFr!C
OF THE
5TATE OF GEORGIA
FRO 1
January 1st, 1911; to December 31st, 1912
ATLANTA, GA. eRAS. P. BYRD, TATE PRI ITER

-

.

Adjutants General State of Georgia

1792 to 1912

NAME

RAl\'X (Highest)

TERM

Elkbolrn, Augustus, C. G __ Lieut. ColoneL Dec. 19, 1792 to Jab. 15, 1795

Fauche, Jonas

Lieut. COloneL Feb. 20, 1796 to Nov. 2,1806

Newman, DanieL

Lieut. ColoneL Dcc. 13, 1806 to Nov. 10, 1817

Easter, John C Newman, DanieL

Lieut. COloneL Nov. 13, 1817 to J ov. 11,1835

Brig. GenL

Dec. 25,1837 to Dec. 22,1840

Wayne, Henry C

._Maj. GenL

Dec. 12, 1860 to May 10,1865

Baird, John B

COloneL

Oct. 16, 1 79 to Nov. 5,1882

Stephens, Jno. A

ColoneL

~ _Nov. 6, 1882 to Dec. 31, 1886

Kelt, John McIntosh

Brig. GenL

Jan. 1, 1887 to Oct. 5, 1900

Byrd, Phil. G

Brig. GenL

Oct. 11, 1900 to Nov. 11, 1900

Robert on, James W

Brig. GenL _______ ov. 12, 1900 to ov. 30, 1903

Harris, Sampson W

Brig. GenL

Dec. 1, 1903 to July 1, 1907

Scott, Andrew J

Brig. GenL

July 2, 1907 to July 1, 1911

Obear, Wm. Gray

Brig. GenL

Aug. 7,1911 to Dec. 31, 1912

HISTORICAL
The office was first created by Act of the General A embly, December 14th, 1792, abolished December 22d, 1840, re-established December 12th, 1860, abolished March 7th, 1866, and re-established October 16th, 1879.
Between 1840 and 1860 the duties of Adjutant General were discharged by the Division Inspectors and between 1866 and 1879 the duties devolved on the Secretary of State.

STATE OF GEORGIA, MILITARY DEPARTMENT,
ATLANTA, GA., Dec. 31st, 1912.

rr To

ORABLE ,To EPH M. BRO' N,

Governor, State of Georgia.

IR: omplying with law and regulation I have the honor to ubmit a report of the operation of the filitary Department for the year 1912 which will also include tIl period of my administration inee J u1~T 1 t, ] 911, and u0h matters previou thereto of whir}) I have knowledge.

ORGA IZATIO AND PERSONNEL.

Strength of The strength of the National Guard on

Militia.

December 31st, 1911, was 228 officers

and 2690 enlisted men, total 2918, a

gain of only ,31 over the previous year- alihough

:fi new companies of infantry aggregating three

hundred officer and men had been added to the

for e ju t previou to the clo e of the year. The

return' for the year 1912 show a strength of 223

ollie I' and 2723 en1i ted men, total 2946, a gain of

2 over the previou year notwithstanding a 10

of Jh e companie of infantry which were not re-

pIa ed. A 10 in the averao' strength per company

of four in 19] 1 and a crain of five in 1912 explain

the mall net gain in the total trength for these

year.

-The btrength shown in ] 91 0 report is in error, as it should be 2, 7 Instead of 3,GGG.
3

Units of

'l'hi.. force i compo ed of fifty-one

Organization. compani , 0 cupyina- twenty-three

srtation , and i or<Yanized into the

following units:

1 Brigade of Infantry (3 regim nts and 1 bat-

talion)

2226

1 quadron of avalry C troop )__________ 267

2 Batteries of Field rtillery

186

1 orps of Coa t rtill l' (4: companies)

....03

Sanitary Troop neces 'ar for the above or-

ganization

55

taff Department

9

Total officer and men_______________ 2946

Proportion to ccording to (the Ia t report from the Population. War Department the proportion of
organized militia in the United States to the population of militia age, ba ed on present strength of militia and 1910 cen us, is .597'0 of which Georgia maintain her exa t quota, but based on e timated population of this State for 1912 the proportion i but .51%. 'Ihis difference when made up hould come a an increa e of str ngth of present organizations rather than creating new organization. The report al 0 how that ince the adoption of the "Dick Bill" by iongre s in 1903 there has been a gain of 5,335 officer and men in the militia of the nitod tate the, tr ngth now being 122,377. Of eighteen State 'llOwing a 10' Georgia ha the large t, being 1771 officer. and men, and wirthout explanation thi would, eem to indicate that this tate was lackin<Y in military pirit. Thi 10 is due larO'ely to the di bandment by the General As'sembly in 1905 of :five col l' d companies of nearly :five hundred men; to the nm. tel' out of everal inefficient white companie' ,,-hi'1I it had previoll 1 been impracticable to do' and to the limination from the 1'0]] of the remaining c mpanies the non
4

active men of wbicb it bad been tbe practice for year to carry a large percentaO'e. It i confidenth-' a erted, therefore, that tbi decrea e in number ba bad no connection with the real effecti'c trength of the Guard which i lowl but rely increa ing in number a well a in O'eneral effici ncy.

Proposed

With a view of co-operating with the

Organization. War Department in it effort to

bave tbe militia organized in it

larger unit on the proper tactical ba. i ,a far a.

circum tance. in tate would 1 ermit, I communi-

cated with tbe Chief of the _Iilitia Divi ion in the

War D partment with reference to the numb I' of

ompanie. and the I roper proportion of each arm

of the . ervice tbat a State with a force equal to

GeorO'ia '. . bould maintain, and it wa indicated the

foUowinO' bould be the unit :

1 Bri ade of infantry (3 reO'iment. of 36 companie and 3 band ).
1 quadron of cavalry (-I: troop ). 1 Battalion of field artillery (3 baHeri ). 1 ompany of ena-in er . 1 ignal company. 1 Field 110 pital. 1 Ambulance compan)~. 1 orp of coa t artillery ( compani . ).

Of the above there i lacking a field battery, a field ho pital comI any an ambulance company a . ignal compan and an ena-ineer company.
In addition to the troops to be organized a [I ov
indicated there is now a luplu of one cava1r.' :1l1(]
four infantry companies, the latter or~anized into a battalion, which it i proposed to retain in ervire for State 1.1e in time of war or to fill vacl1.ncie~ a
. they occur in the infantry regiments and the cavalry
squadron.
All of the unit which are mentioned a lackina- in
5

the organization of this State are very expensive to organize and to maintain, (and for State uses with the exception of the field ho pital company are hardly needed), but to encourage States in completing their organization on proper line the Government will under certain conditions upply the needed equipment without charge when it can be hown that the proper personnel can be obtained and that the Sta1e is willing to maintain the unit after it has been organized.
It is therefore hoped that in creating new unit in thE.' Guard thi State will move on the line indicated so that it may have a well balanced force to respond to the call of the PI' ident for nited States service.
.A field hospital outfit ha been promli ed thi' State and will be supplied at an early date, wllloh will permit the organization of thi unit without delay and ihere hould be the most efficient surgeon with military experience placed in charge. This hospital while required for war purposes can be, and in other States has been, u ed locally in uch emergencies as cyclones, flood and epidemics where prompt and efficient medical attention is needed in large numbers' with propel' facilities for taking care of the sick. Such use of it equipment i authorized by the Government and it would bring the Guard of thi State into closer touch with the people generally who are not so well advised as to the advantages of the militia as they should be.
The Medical Department hould be extended to include a Medical Reserve Cory' in order that each station where there are troop may be upplied with the service of a regularly commi sioned surgeon for making physical examinations of recruits in -time of peace and war, and for extra u e in emergencles.
6

Personnel. The Guard i still composed of the bet class of citizens in the towns and citie.
in which the organization are located and it i believed that the quality of it member hip i not excelled by the guard of any other State. There have been comments by nited States in pectors that the phy ical examination of recruit wa not a trictly enforced a in the nited State Army, which is doubtless a fact, but it must be borne in mind that in time of peace the examination requirenn nt for enli tID nt in the Regular Army are ri~dly enforced and that in time of war they are modified a circumstance make it neces ary to ecure the de ired number of recruit. It is ther fore believed that the Government hould not expe'ct
tate to enforce its phy ical e.'amina tion on a trict line a the Army in time of peace but rather that they hould conform to examination for volunteer in time of war, which all tate' can and probably would willingly do.
Term of The term of enlistment in thi State i Enlistment. two years and in the Army until re-
cently three, but a recent act of ongre s changed the enli tment period to ev n year. , three of which i to be on active duty with the 0101'. and the remainder in the re erve at home on furlough but ubject to recall in time of war. How successful this plan will be remains to be een but a the United States laws require State to "conform" to U. . organization, di cipline, training, etc., it i po ible that State rna be xpecterl to adopt thi plan and term of enli tment. hould it be decided to do so, the Governor i now authorized by law to make such a change whenever it may be required by the War Department; and under the e tabli bed policy of thi office to release men from their enli tment before tbe expiration thereof upon pre entation of ati factory reas'on it i believed there would be no seriou difficulty in re ruiting for
7

uch a long term. Thi plan would probably prove beneficial to oro'anization a it would have a tendency to increa e the ~nli ted trenO'th by retaininO' the veteran member on an available roll and at the arne time extend to till veteran member hip all de. irable privilege of the orO'anization without 0 mu h of the routine duty of acti e member hip on e the novelty thereof ha worn off.
To mu tel' into the United tate ervice in time of war each company mu t ha' e an nli ted trength of 5 able bodied men and it probably would be immediately ordered to recruit to full war ."trength, which would requir an increa. e of over 10 rtr , and unle orne uch 8rranO' ment i adopted organization will find them elve filled with raw recruits in~tead of rea onably trained men 111 on enterinO' the
nited tate enice whi h will au. e them to be releo'ated to a camp of in truction until their men are ufficiently trained in tead of beino ent at once into the field a they would de ire. It bould be the aim therefore of organization commander to keep their unit full of trained ill n, active and reo erve, to omplete th orO'anization to war trenO'th.
ince la t report chanO' in oro'anization have tak n place a follow :
DISBANDED.
Cit Light Guard, o. G 4th rnfty., olumbu, June th, 1911.
Third Divi ion Javal "Militia, avannah, ITOV. 15th, 1911.
edartown Rifle, na iO'ned Infty. edartown June 30th, 1912.
Third Battalion Fir t Infty, June 30tb, J912, oni. ting of :Major Frank . Dunn ommandinO', 1 t Lient. John P. Twomey, djutant, 2nd Lieutenant 'iTm. L. Harwell, Quarterma. tel', of Brun wick, Co.
I Thoma ,-i1le Guard) of Thoma ville; o. B

(Valdo ta "' idette ) of Valdo ta; Co. D (Emmett Rifle ) of avannah' and o. F (Way fO 'Guard) of Waycro
TUN FER.

larke Rifle, na iQ"lled Infty., Athen to o.

F, 4th Infty, June ,1911.

Fir,'t Battalion, Fifth Infty. con i ting of :Major

II. P. Hunter, ommanding, 1 t Li ut. Geo. H. e-

ion " Adjutant, 2nd Li ut. F. W. Bondurant Quar-

n t rma. tel', Co. F (Mari tta Rifle ), Co. G ( edar-
tOV,TJ1 Rifle ), o. H inder Guard ), and o. I

(Elbert Light Infantry), to Third Battalion, Infan-

try, D . 29th, 1911 with arne letter a ignment.

Lindale Rifle, from o. E, 5th Inf,ty. to na-

ierned, Dec. 29th, 1911.

C lartown Rifle ,from o. G, 3rd Battn. Infty.,

to una. ,'igned, pril] L:j 1912.

Lindale Rifle, una igned to Co. E, 3rd Battn,

Inft)-., April 1 th 1912.

Georgia flu ar una igned, to 2nd quadron,

':l.\alry, :JIarch 12th, 1912, for admini tration and

di, cipline.

larke Rifle ,from o. F 4th Battn. Inft . to o.

F 1 t Inft)., Aug. 1, 1912.

Third Battalion, 2nd Infantry con i tiner of Major bram Levy ommandin er, 1 t Lieutenant. J.

Lxon, djutant, o. D ( lin h Rifle ), Co. I (Rich-

mond Light Infantry), and o. K (Oerlethorpe In-

fantry), to Fir t Regiment, Infantry, July 1 t, 1912,

a ompanie , D, and B, re peetively.

Fourth Battalion, Infantry, con i tinO' of 1ajor

Han Mozen, Commanding, 1 t Lieut. Wm. M. Wilder, djutan~ 2nd Lieut. 1:. O. Young, Quarterma -

tel', o. C (Columbu Guard), Co. E ( lbany

Guard ), and Co. L ( mericu Light Infantry) to

econd Regiment, Infantry, Augu t 1st 1912 as

OID} anie D, K, and L, re pectively.'

,

9

ORGANIZED.
grady Cadet~, Atlanta, Nov. 29th, 1911. a igned as Co. E, 5th Inft ., Dec. 29th, 1911.
Fulton Blues, tlanta, Dec. 19th, 1911, a igned as Co. F, 5th Infty., Dec. 29th 1911.
Mari tRifles, tlanta, Dec. 29th, 1911 a ia-ned as Co. G, 5th Inft ., Dec. 29th, 1911.
Fulton Fusilier, tlant.:'1, Dec. 29th, 1911, as igned as Co. H, 5th Infty., Dec. 29th, 191].
German American Rifle," Atlanta, Dec. 30th 1911, as igned a Co. I, 5th Infantry, D ., Oth, 1911.

FINA CIAL.

State Fund. To maintain it National Guard the

State make an annual apI ropriation

of 25,000.00, though the Geperal

m bly of 1911

restricted for 1912 the u. e of . 7,500.00 for an n-

campment at Macon durina- the reunion of onfed-

erate Veteran. It wa .. nece ary to a k for and which wa received, a d ficiency appropriation in

1912 for thi amount. At the a'me time a eparate item wa provided in the Military Fund of .'2,500.00

annually to be u ed ex lu ively for expen e. of

troop on duty aiClina- ivil authority any unu e l

portion to 'be covered into the 'rrea ury at the clo e

of the year, and it wa. al 0 provided that no expense of thi nature. hould be met from the re!rular appropriation for maint nance of the troop.

Whenever troops ar needed to any e.-tent tbi

amount is in ufficient to meet all the expen e tbereof

and it should be increa ed to at lea t $5,000.00 otherwi e the pay of the troop and sundry claims for

expenses have to wait until the next General . sern-

bly can provide therefor. Thi has been the experi-

ence of the Department for thi year, being com-

pelled to carryover to next year $2,500.00 to be met

-Name later changed to German .\merican Guards.

10

out of the fund accruing January 1, 1913, and about . 2 500.00 additional which it will require another appropriation to meet, and be ides it leave nothinO' in the fund to meet expenses of active duty occurring in 1913 should there be any.
The appropriation for regular expen e of the Department is too small to meet the actual requirement of the Militia, who are of course compelled to meet the deficit from private ource, the tate thereby placing a tax on their patrioti m when only their time, and their live if need be, hould be required.
The State's share of the expense for maintenance should at least equal ,that of the Government, about '90,000.00, which would enable the Department to properly maintain the force and admini ter thereto without per ona] expen e to it member, and j t i urg ntly recommended that effort be made to ecure the proper incr~a e of appropriation.
..:\. tatement of cash received and di bur. ed by thi. Department in 1911 and 1912 follows:

CASH RECEfVED AND DI BRED I1"\' 1911.

RECEl\EI>.

Jan. 1 To Balance on hand

$ 1,920.14

Jan. 16 To Property paid for

. 2634.69

Feb. 9 To Warrant on Treasury

. 7,793.76

Feb. 27 To Sundry receipts

.

4.58

April 22 To Sundry receipts . 0 0 0

22.75

May 5 To Sundry receipts

0 0 0

44.12

May 20 To Sundry receipts 0 0 0 0 0

10.00

June

1 To Sundry receiptS' 0 0 0 0 0 0

9.90

June

To Warrant on Trea ury .. 0 $10,313.76

June

To Sundry receipt .... 00......

51.2

10, 32.04

June 30 To Wa.rrant on Treasury. 0 0 $ 7,220. 0

June 30 To Property paid for 0 0 0 0

3,030.6

10,251.4

Aug. 24 To Refund for camp expense 0 0 0

ov. 22 To Property paid for . . . . o o

OVo 22 To Fine for absence from muster

0

Dec. 29 To Property paid for

0 0 0 0

Dec. 30 To Warrant on Trea llry

.

15.75 1.00
10.00 60.63 5,000.00

Total receipts
11

$ 3 ,610.84

DISBURSED.

For alaries

For Rent allowances

For ledeal allowance to companies

For Freight and drayage For Po tage For Printing and tationery

For Riot expenses For Telegrams' and telephone For In pection expenses For Property purcha e] For . Instructors expen es For Camp e>.:penses ,

For

. Di bur ing Offi er

For Miscellaneou expen

To balance on hand

$ 7,362. 5

. 10,00 .29

. 3,311. 00'

. 659.13

. 334.00

. 721.61

. 1,376.27

. 107.77

. 417. 9

. 5,152.97

. 256.

.

41.19

. 131. 67

. 530.60

. 31,212. l~

7,39.72

A H BE 'EIVED iU'<D DI BUR ED .LJ\ 1912.

Jan. Dec. De. Dec. Dec.

RECEIVED.

1 To Balance on hand (in bank)

$ 7,39 .72

31 To lmdry warrants on 'rreasury

27,500.00

31 To :Mi cellan ous receipts for property........ 2, '27.57

31 To ~Iiscellaneous receipt for fine . . . . . . . . . .

70.00

31 To ~liscelJaneous rec ipts

ti .67

Total

DISBUR ED.

For alarie For Rent allowance to companie For lerieal allowance to companies For Freight, drayage and expre For Po tage For Printing and tationery For Riot expen es For Telegram and telephones For In pection expense

For Property purcha ed

For

. In tructors expenses

For amp expens'es

For Mi cellaneou expen e

$37,64.96

. 7, 27. 96

10,406.95

. 4207.0

. 7 9.66

. 370.00

. 902 13

. _,677. 5

.

58.48

. 415.53

. 296.71

. 249.50

. 6,302.76

. 431.19

$ 35 457.26

To balance on hand

2,407. 70

The accoun from July 1st, 1911, to date ha\"e been audited by

the In pector General of the State as required by p cial Order No.

25, Par. 5, A. G. O. Ga. July 7th 1912, and passed.

12

RE OUR E AND LIABILITIE , DECEMBER 31st, 1912.

RESOURCES.

To 'a h on hand (in bank Ie s oustanding

checks)

. 2,407.70

To 'a h in Treasury

. 15,000.00

To 'laim on U. . Disbur ing Officer for

refund (doubtful)

. 222.22 $17,629.92

LIABILITillS.

By Amount due U. . for property

( timated)

$ 9000.00

By amount held in re en"e to meet poo.

ible claims for 2d infantry camp .. 1,197.24

By 'Iaim for allowances to organizations,

now due but not filed

. 4,000.00

By out tanding mi cellaneou accounts . 600.00

$15,797.24

By estimated surplus

.

$ 1, 32.6

) n addition to the olltstan<1iug miscellaneous claims there is about $5,000.00 remaining to be paid on Riot ac ount, of which $2" 500.00 can be met ITom the fund accruing January 1 t, and the re .. mainder will have to be met from a special appropriation.

Balan' in

. Fund, Dec. 31. 1 12, IYith l'r:lctirally no

outstanding claims:

Arm, equipmcnts and camps Promotion of rifle practice .\.mmunition Field uppli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..

3~,:.' 9.07 4,657.77 16,532.70 20,~65. 65

Total

73 745.19

United States Fund. The nited State" Government appropriate 2,000,000.00 an-
Dually for the upport of the militia, one million of which i aplortioned on the basi of repre entation in ODO"re and the oth r on the trength of troop at the annual in pection. The amount re eived by thi. tate annually under the everal ac ount i' approximately a follow :

For rms Equipment and Oamps

$ 3 ,114. 3

For Promotion of Rifle Practice________ 12,704.95

For Ammunition

12,824.93

For Field upplie

26,795.22

Total

$ 90,439.93

*Estlmated.
13

In addition to the above special donation of equipment i occasionally made and every other year a special allowance for camp expen e with Regular Army is allotted, which u ually amount. to about $25000.00, all of which makes the annual amount of a i tance receiv d from the Government con iderably over $100,000.00.
All disbursements of the above funds are made by U. S. official, a statement of which is attached for 1911 and 1912, ee appendix 1.

United States

nder certain conditions a part

Disbursing Officer. of the fund for" rms Equip-

ment and Camp" and for

"Promotion of Rifle Practice" may be drawn in

cash to be expended for camp , rifle contests and for

lease and purchase of rifle ranges. These fund are

not tran ferred to State authority but are paid a.

required by law "to the Quarterma ter-General of

the State or such other officer as the Governor may

designate" who is required to make bond to the

Government and who under the U. S. law and regu-

lations become for this purpose a United State

Disbursing Officer, reportinO' direct to the Comp-

troller of the Treasury, and disburse under Gov-

ernment regulation.

The Quartermaster-General, so far, has never

been required to perform this duty, it having alway

been a signed to orne other officer of the Guard who

wa not on reO'ular duty in the 1ilitary Department.

nti! recently the officer making these di bursements

received no compen ation from the State but wa.

paid according to hi grade by the Government for

lo)'P. tjme he was actually on duty in the field making

ell bursements, and he wa occasionally allowed by

the Government office pay not to exceed twenty days

after camps to compen ate him for the time enO'aged

in clo. ing hi a counts. The Auditor for the War

Department ha by hi' ruling ore. tricted this

office pay that the Di bur. inO' Officer cannot possibly

14

receive annually more than $300.00, office and field pay, for di bur ing thi' fund which amount from '25,000.00 to $50,000.00 a year and which i hedged about by so many trict regulations and technicalitie. It has therefore become necessary to pay the Di bursing Officer from State fund a salary of $600.00 per year, a office pay, in addition to the field pay which he may draw from the Government in order to retain a competent officer for thi duty. It i believed, therefore, that the Government by the strict rulings of it auditor is placino- a hard hip on this tate which wa .not contemplated in the pa sage of the filitia ct, and one which the tat cannot afford.
Regulations publi hed recently by the War Department, with reference to mu tel' of the Jationa1 Guard into the service of the United State in event of war, contemplates that the . . Di bur ino- Officer of a tate, shall, in conjunction with t11 djutantGeneral thereof, represent the Governm nt in completing the transfer of troops of a tat to the "Gnited tate and that the Disbursing Officer nball with . S. fund specially provided,' meet all pense of this transfer. This, and the fact that th disbursement of the State Military Fund i becomin?; more exacting, warrants the appointment of an officer on regular duty in the Military Department to be charged with making all disbursement ~rom
tate and United States' fund., and with keeping the financial account in connection therewith.
Spanish War Funds. Durino- the panish-American War a number of State' ad-
vanced funds for the payment of their Volunteer in the U. S. Army, for the period between enrollment and muster-in, and Oongress later made an appropriation to repay the States. The appropriation act, however, had a provision that any State which had not paid its Volunteer a above could draw the funds from the Government and di bur e
15

it to the individual entitled thereto but could not cover any of the fund 0 drawn into the tate trea ury in ca e the individual could not be located and paid. Thi tate received approximately $60000.00 and ha di bur ed all but $4,72 .16, which i now on depo it in the Fourth ational Bank, of Atlanta, to th credit of the Governor, State of GeorO'ia, account' Spani h- merican War. Practically all claimant' that can be found have been ettled with and it ha b come a problem how to di po e of the remainder of the fund ina much a it cannot be covered into the tate Trea ury. Effort have been made to have a bill introduced in
onO're authorizinO' the State to cover tbi amount into its i(iJitary Fund and to meet any future claims for thi account from the Military Fund but as yet thi '11Ft not b en done.

Lost Property ince October 1 t 1907, there ha

Funds.

b en collected through the Quarter-

rna ter-General' offi e $10,4-63.21 for

10 t property belonging to the nited State, of

which 165.95 ha been refunded to orgaruzation.'

by the Quarterma ter-General and the remainder

,'10,297.26 tran ferred to thi Department for proper

di po ition. Of this amount approximately $6,000.00

ha' been expended at arious time to purcba. e

property to replace that which ba been 10 t ~Uld

there yet remain for a like purpo e J 297.26. A.-

it ha be n e timated that thi State i now due tl1

Government for 10 t property to the value of about

.'9,000.00 I have held in re erve from the :Military

Fund, in addition to the above mentioned $4,297.26,

a ufficient amount to meet this obliO'ation when a

ettlement i 'made. During the comino- annual in-

pection tep will be taken to prove definitely the

value and quantity of property 10 t and to make ..

. ettlement therefor with the Governm nt from the

fund tIm held in re I'Ve.

16

LEGJSLATIO
The General embly of 1912 wa favorable to the :Military Department, pa ing all bill in reference thereto wjthout eriou oppo ition, which were a follow:
.An Act to upply a deficiency in the }'1ilitary Fund of ,7,500.00 and appropriating annually $2,500.00, or 0 much thereof a may be needed for the expen. . of troop on duty aiding civil authority.
.An ct to r peal ection 143;, 01. 2 ode of Georgia, 1910 which- emtpowered judge heriff and mayor to call out troops.
An Act amending eetion 143-t-, Vol. 2, Code of Georgia, 1910 I roviding for calling out troop in aid of civil authority, 0 a to confine thi power olely to the Governor who i. required to fir t i~ ue a pro lamation declaring a tate of in urreetion in the affected di trict al 0 l' quiring troop to act under the direct order of the Gov-ernor only.
An Act to further promote the efficl ency of the ~Iilitia, and for other purpo. e which covered a number of minor correction in the military law"-.
.An Act to amend ection 414-, Vol. 2, Code of Geor ia, regarding the running of railroad train. on the abbath 0 a not to re trict the movement of troop acting under competent order .
It i thouO"ht that the act with reference to u e of the militia in aid of civil authority i th be:-;t of it l'inc1 in any of the tate and it place GeorO"ia in the I ad a to the military enforcement of law ana order whenever uch force may become nece ary.
TIli act hould be followed by act organizinO" a tate on tabular'y under the order of the Governor requiring a change of venue and place of execution under certain circum tance , and the UIDmary u pen ion of heriff by the Governor when
J7

conditions so warrant. This' would reduce the necessity of calling out troops to the minimum.
It Js also thought that the General A embJy should extend to head of the Departments the privi~ lege of the floor for debate upon all matter affecting such departments and for the purpo e of rendering any information in regard to the department a.' may be necessary.
The military laws, and reO'ulation made in pursuance and in furtherance thereof, are generally all that could be desired but they are only effective in so far as they are enforced.. It must be borne in mind that but few officer and enli ted men are vel' ed in law and therefore not thoroughly familiar with the proper construction of the tatute, and it would 'eem an advantaO'e to have the military law re-written, made shorter and clearer, . 0 that they might be published in one volume together with the military regulations, properly indexed for ready reference.
TROOPS AmING CIVIL A '['RORITY.
Troop have been called upon to aid the civil authority a number of times during the period covered by this report, as follows:
At Monroe) May 25th 1911, to prote t pl'i oner.' on trial charged with heineous crime. The force employed con isted of a detachment of the Fifth Infantry, 132 officer and men, of Atlanta, and Co. F. 3'rd Infantry, of then, all under command of Colonel E. E. Pomeroy, 5th Infantry. While under ordinary conditions this force appeared large for this duty, it was purpo ely made so as the circumstances connected with the crime were aggravating and the danger of a colli ion with a mob imminent and it was thought that a strong force would reduce
to the minimum the chance of a collision and conse-
quent losS' of life. The prisoners were convicted. sentenced to be hung, returned to Atlanta for safe-
18

keeping, from whence they were later taken to Monroe without military escort for execution, but the train was held up by a mob and the prisoner lynched. Attention is invited to the report of the detachment commander, appendix 2-A.
At Andersonville, May 30th, 1911 and 1912, policing the town. The celebration of Federal Decoration Day at the Andersonville National Cemetery and low rates given by the railroads on these occa-. sions' bring to this town, in addition to those who come for patriotic purposes, a large cIa, s of unruly and irresponsible colored people who overrun the town and uburbs and engage in all kinds of disorder. There is no police force in the town and the sheriff of the county with a force of deputies has been unable to cope with such large crowds and he has found it absolutely necessary to have military assistance to preserve order and to prevent los of life, which has annually resulted before the use of the military. All cases of dis'order have been promptly suppressed, the offenders arrested, jailed and brought to trial. It is believed by those who are best informed of the situation that troops will continue to be needed so long as the railroads are permitted to run tbes'e excursions. Company L, 4th Infantry, of rnericu, performed this duty and attmtion is invited to report thereof, appendix 2 band c.
At Sava~'/,nahJ JOY. 27th and 30th, 1911, policing certain public highways ordered closed to the public by local authoritie on account of their use as a course for automobile races. This duty has been performed two or three time' previously, at the reque, t of the county authorities, by local troops wbo volunteer their service which use of troops they consider nece sary to the success of the races.
This duty wa ' performed by six companies of the 1 t Infantry, four companies of Coast Artillery, Troop A Cavalry, and Battery A Field ArtilJery,
19

all under command of Colonel 1. J. 0 'Lear ,1st Infantry.
At Gainesville, :N ov. 30 1911, b Troop F, 2nd avalry, Capt. John :M. Fray Commanding, guarding property during a large fire.
At Colwmbus, April 25th, 1912, by Co. ,4th Infantry, Uapt. F. M. Schomberg, Commanding, O"uarding property during a large fir .
Under the old law o'o,;erning the use of troops, the authority of a mayor to call out a military force for thi duty wa not que tion d but under the act of 1912 he ha no uch authority.
At CmY/,1Jting, ept. 7th, Oct. 2nd and 24th, 1912. At the reque t of local authority, Sept. 7th, 1912, Troop F, 2nd Cavalry, from aine ville, and Co. F 3rd Infantry, from :Mari tta, -were ent to CumminO". b automobile to protect pri oner confined in the local jail again t mob violence. This ervice was promptly render d and the prisoner brought to
tlanta for afe-ke pinO'. On Oct. 2nd the e pri oner at the I' que t of the trial judge, were conducted from tlanta to umminO" for trial, under a trong O"uard compo ed of four ompanie of the Fifth Infantry Major 1. T. atron, Commandino'.
The e troop left tlanta in the afternoon via Southern Railway to Buford where the:- harl supper thence march d throuO'h the country to umming. about 14 mile , arriying in time for trial next morninO". rrhe trial I roceeded without, eriou interruption the pri, oner were found guilt:- an(l entenC'erl to be hung and ordered returned to tlanta for afkeepinO" until the day of execution. On Octob"'r
24th they were again taken from the tlanta jail 11:-
a detachment of the Fifth Infantry, under Major Catron, e corted to umming and duly hunO" by the civil authority. 0 revoltinO' wa the crime committed by the e pri 'oner that it wa deemed nece ary to bring their bodie back to Atlanta. The
20

'ommanding Officer make severe strictures on the conduct of the sheriff during the banO'ing, tatinO' that it wa hi belief that the heriff wa in entire ympathy with tbe de ire of the crowd to lynch the pri 'oner. In view of the e circum tance Iajor
atron recommend that the General embly bould empower the Governor to suspend a heriff when vel' he fail, or i likely to fail, in hi duty toward pri oner under hi charge who are liable to he lynched.
The trial of the e pri oner wa the fir t u e of troop for uch 1urpo e under the am nded law, requiring them to take order from no other civil authority but the Governor and with the hearty cooperatio~ of the trial judo'e everything pa ed off without friction. Utention i invited to report. of tlH' everal officer on d.uty on thi occa ion, appendix 2 d to 0' inclu. ive.
.At Augu ta, ept. 27th to Oct. 21 t, 1912. Troop were called out by the Governor on the night of
ept. 27th, 1912, at Au2'U ta, on reque t of the mayor of that city, and remained on duty until Oct. 2Lt, ] 9] 2. The trenO'th of thi force ranged from l'i_- ompanie to ten men, all under the immediate command of ~Iajor bram Levy 1 t Infantry with
01. ~L J. 0 'Le:u), 1 t Infantry, on the ground at yariou time in O'eneral charge. The occa. ion for thi. duty wa a trike of the treet railway employee , wbich at time wa accompanied by attack on the car company' property and emplo ee at work. Thi wa probably the 10nO'e t tour of duty, the mo t trying and the mo t decisive the Guard of thi tate ha ever heen called to perform: it ha fully demon trated to the State tbat the citizen, oldieI' can and will perform the duties assigned him, however di ta teful tbey may be, when fully protected by the law of the tate, properly officered and. trained, and with tbe knowledO'e that they will be uu tained by a commander-in-chief po 'e ing the
21

mOl'al couraO'e to meet the obligations of his office. :Military control when nece arv and when admini tered under such condition a'it was on this occasion has no terror except to evil doers' who will submit to no other authority. It i a matter of sincere regret, and especially to the National Guard, that circumstance :made it nece sary to sacrifice lives on this occasion to su tain the maje ty of the law and the dignity of the State which at all time mu t be upheld. The officer and men re pon ible for the death of the citizen , who per i ted in forcinO' the guard lines after repeated warning, were promptly brought to trial before a general courtmartial, under a charge of murder. ]] partie having knowledge of the affair were ummoned and all others who 0 de ired were invited to te tify before the court, which waived all technicalities and made every po sible effort to get the full facts in the case before them. The Judge dvocate waR assi ted in the pro ecution by counsel elected b relatives of the deceased and the defendants were represented by the able t counsel the local bl:lr afforded. After several days of most searching and thorough investigation and deliberation the General Courtmartial, compo ed of the highe t ranking- and most prominent officers of the Guard available, found that the defendants' had acted, trictly within the law and they therefore acquitted both offirers and men.
Special attention i, invited to the report of Major Levy, appendix 2H, and to the proceedinO', of the General Courtmartial which i of record in thi office.
Mobs May be These and event of like nature lead Prevented. to the opinion tha t if the people of
till State incerely desire to eradicate the mob evil from their midst the'y mu t, throuO'h their General A sembly provide the nece ary machinery for 0 doing. It i believed that the recent Act re trieting the ordering out of troop
22

olely to the Governor and reqUlrmg hiru to fir t declare a state of insurrection in the affected district when troop are so ordered, is a Ion tep in the right direction, but this should be followed by other tatutes to make the machinery complete. el ewhere indicated, authority i needed to upend heriffs who fail in their duty; to direct a change of venue in ca e: where mob violence i likely to occur; and there hould be organized a State Police or Con tabulary, imilar to the Texas Ranger , the Penn ylvania on tabulary, and the anadian "Mounted Police, to act directly under the Governor' order, or through the ~1ilitary Department for th purpo e of ferretinO' out and brinO'ing to trial uch ca e of lawles ne' a has en ted in certain countie. recently and which i liable to re-occur in the
tate at any time. The trength of this force shonld be ela tic 0 that it miO'ht be reduced to a few men, or increa ed when circum tance demand.
If the local authoritie could be uniformly depended upon to do their whole duty in enforcinO' the law. uch a force might not be needen but it i reg-retable to tate that it i now a rare exception when local autboritie are not found wantinO' in nch ('a~e: due larO'ely to politi al condition. With urh law:; any Governor who 0 de ired could, with the u e of the militia a. a la t re ort (for which they w re oriQ"jnally intended), effectualJy uppre. the moh evil in the tate.
INSPECTIO~ AND INSTRUCTION.
State Inspection. The National Guard of the tate is in pected annually and mu.-
tered by an officer of the Guard as well a by an officer of the Rernlar Army, and when in camp with Tnited State troops an inspection i also made by an officer of the Army to determine the fitness of the Guard for field service.
The home inspection and muster of the Guard
23

made by the tate In pector General, contained in appendix 3 a and b, howS' the Guard to be in a very ati factory condi,tion notwith tandino- the difficultie financially and otherwi e with which it ba to contend.

United States The re 'ult of the nited tate in-

Inspection.

p ction can be t be judged of b the

following letter from the office of the

ecretary of War:

"WAR DEPARTMENT, W ASHINGTO , July 2, 1912.

Tn:E GOVERNOR, State of Ge01'gia, tlanta.

SIR: I de ire to inform you that the rep.ort of in pection of the J: ational Guard of Georgia, made by officer of the Regular Army under the provi ion of Section 14 of the Militia Law, a amended indicate that the National Guard of your tate i in a very ati factory condition.
ot only are the variou organization reported a being properly organized and equipped, and in a creditable condition a to training, but the in pector report that the nited tate property which i in your hand and in the po e ion of the variou organization i beino' properly cared for, and that the interest of the Federal Government are bein o' carefully safe-guarded.
This condition of affair make it very evident that there is proper organization in your djutantGeneral' office, for the efficiency of the ationa1 Guard of a tate is largely dependent upon the energy, ability and re ourcefulne of the AdjutantGeneral. Where a State 0 efficiently administer its J: ational Guard, it o-reatly Ie en the labor and difficultie of the War Department. When. nch at-
24

i factory condition obtain uniformly throughout

the nited tate, it will be IO ible to put the

ational Guard on a prop I' tactical ba i, 0 that

it could be mobilized for war without confu ion or

delay.

"\ ery re pectfully,

ROBERT HA\Y OLIVER,
A i tant ecretary of War."

Field in truction ha been held a follows:

1911.

t avannah: 2nd Infantry, July -rth, 1911. '11'0013 A, Cavalry, July 22-29th, 1911. Battery A, April 7- th, 1911; June 4-5th, 1911; Oct. 15-16th, 1911.

At St. Simon' I land: 5th Infantry, July 15-22, 1911.
4th Battn. Infty., J ul 22-29th, 1911.

At Atlanta Range: Tr. F, K, L, 2nd av., July 22-29th, 1911. tate Rifle Conte t, July 31, ug. 2, 1911.

t Fort 'creven: oa t Artill ry 01'13, May 1 27th 1911.

t Liberty ounty: Troop B, 2nd avalry, ug. 21-:.5th 1911.

At an Antonio, T x., with . . Army: number of officer in ~lay and June.

.At Ft. Rile, Kan.: 5 cavalry officer, June I-15th, 1911.

1912.

~\.t .lnni ton, Ala.: With

. Troop, July 16-

25th, 1912.

Hdqrt . 1 t Brigade, Infantry.

5th Regiment, Infantry.

4th Battn. Infantry.

3rd Battn. Infantry.

2nd quadron avall'Y, mount d.

'_)D-

.At Macon: 2nd Infantry, May 5-10th, 1912.
At Holton: 2nd Infty. Rifle Oontest,- Sept. 12-13th, 1912.
_At Savannah: Batteries A & B Field Artillery, Mounted, July 28, Aug. 3rd, 1912.
_At Ft. Riley, Kan., with U. S. Troops, July 6-20th, 1912.
5 Field Artillery officers.
Reports of the commanding officers are inclosed, .Rppendix 4.
State Camps. It has' been the custom in the past when the Guard did not camp with
U. S. troops to encamp them within the State at the expense of the Government allotment. It is believed for the present that a wiser use of these funds would be to supply much needed equipment as far as it will, and to train the officers to a higher standard than now exists'. Ttoops should not be camped on local sites until inspected and approved by a competent. officer of the Medical Oorps.
Arrangements for local camps, where cities or commercial bodies bear part of the expenses as has been done in the past,should be carried out under the direction of an officer of the Quartermaster's Oorps so that the responsibility for the camp would be upon a single person and that all troops mig-ht know with whom they were to deal.
United StatesUnder recent acts of Oongress the War Instructors. Department is supplying to the mili-
tia of the several States withol1t ,charge therefor, officers and non-commissioned officers of the Army as instructors, the States being required, however, to pay the travelling expenses also the commutation for quarters of the enlisted =men.
There is now exclusively assigned to this' State
26

two captains of infantry, two sergeants of infantry and one sergeant of field artillery, and there is also an officer of cavalry and of field artillery who instructs the troops of these arms of the s'ervice in this and the adjoining States. Under another act of Congress there is attached to State Headquarters a major of infantry, who has been assigned to duty as Inspector General of the State.
Excellent results are being obtained from these assignments and it is hoped that the Government will extend this policy until each company' of the militia has a regular sergeant and each higher unit of organization a regular officer on duty therewith, but due to a lack of funds from which to meet the expense of travel for inspection and personal instruction, and of clerical assistance to these officers, their services so far have been somewhat restricted.
Officers' Instruction. A school of instruction for officers by correspondence, un-
der direction of the senior instructor on duty in this State, has been in operation for several months and has met with fair results.
It was the intention to conclude this' course with a camp of practical instruction in the' spring with the hope.of making the officers more thorough in the performance of their several duties but this is now a matter for future determination.
'Dhe officers most needing practical instruction, according to the War Department reports, are those of the staff and especially of the supply departments; and it was planned if the officers' camp was held to arrange a special course for quartermasters and commissaries. It is not thought that sufficient care is' yet exercised in making selection for appointments as quartermasters -as many have been of limited experience in the military service and possessed of no special business qualification for thiS' particular duty, therefore it is recommended that additio.nal restriction be placed on appointments' of
27

ihis character. It is believed there can be no material advancement of the Guard until a thorough -system of instruction for its offi:cers is adopted and enforced for as surely as a stream can rise no higher than its source, no military organization can become more efficient than its officers are capable of making it.
Instruction The class of instruction imparted in Needed. large camps' should be limited strictly
to that which cannot be taught at home station and troops should be daily placed in contact with such problems as they would encounter under a'ctual service conditions, as far as circumstances will admit and their previous training warrant. To continue transporting troops' to a considerable distance at large expense and to spend much of their ti-me in teaching them interior guard duty, close order drills, target practice, etc., is an unwise use of their time and of Government funds. The instruction should be progressive from battalion and regimental camps to the brigade in joint manuevers' with U. S. troops, when the funds are available, and those organizations which have not shown improvement shoul!. not be advanced until their fitness therefor has been demonstrated. This' is also true of the individual soldier and the practice 'of taking raw recruits to camp should be still further restricted until they have advanced in their instruction at home station to a point where field service can reasonably be understood and profited by.
Camp Proposed. The following schedule of field instruction, funds' permitting, for
the ensuing year is recommended:
(1) An officers' camp following the close of the 'school of correspondence.
(2) Rifle contest on local ranges by each regiinent :and separate battalion, with teams of ten men and <one officer per company.
28

(3) A State rifle contest, under usual conditions.
(4) Participation in the National matches, care being taken to properly select and train a team therefor.
Target Practice. During the year 1911 the number of officers and men firing for
record on the target range was 1487 and for 1912 it was 1234, a falling off of 253', due largely to the fact that some ranges were out of commission early in the year 1912 on account of unusual rains,. and that no National Match was to be held that year. The State was represented at the 1911 National Matches but the standing of the team was not en~ couraging. The expens'e of selecting and training a team for the National Matches is considerable and constitutes quite a charge ag'ainst the U. S. allotment to the State, and unless means can be devised to secure better results there are those among us who are of the opinion that the money 'could be better spent.
Too much attention is given, it is thought, todeveloping a limited number of expert shots rather than a larger number of fairly good shots, also that more stress should be placed on the instruction of the enlisted men who are the ones expected to use the rifle in actual service.
A team was entered in the Inter-State matches at Birmingham, Ala., Jov. 26-27, 1912, with very good result!' although they had no practice either as a team or individual.
Heretofore the officer having supervision over srn?ll arms practice was the Inspector on the BrIgade staff but it has been found advisable to have thi!' dnty performed hy s'ome officer on regular duty at tate Headquarters for the reason that there i." ~o much paper work now attached to this positjon that ,it is difficult for an officer who has not plenty
of tJme to meet these demands, without derical
a si tance for which there are no funds, and besidefi
29

it is an advantage to have the records whe're they can be referred to wi~hout delay in case of necessity.

PROPERTY.

Supply and Care of The property used by the

Property.

Guard, which includes arms,

clothing and camp equipment,

is almost exclusively drawn from Government sup-

plies and the title thereto remains in the Govern-

ment, which requires an annual accounting therefor.

That which is not issued to organizations on bond is

kept in storage in the arsenal, located in the capitol

basement, which space is inadequate and subject to an increasing fire risk, due to the large amount of

frame partitions it has been necessary to erect to

provide office space for the other departments of the State. The time is approaching when the State should erect a suitable building for an arsenal and release the present space for much needed office accommodations. The Government regulations now contemplate that States should keep in stock, pur.chased from Government funds, a complete equipment for their troops when called into the United States service, and that it should not be necessary to call upon the Government at such a time to supply a deficiency. For this purpose two appropriations, annually, of a million each, have been made from which the present supplies have been drawn. yet there remains much property to be secured by this State that cannot be obtained in open market in emergencies and which will be required for actual neld service. It is recommended that a careful estimate be made of the equipment that is needed for the troops' now organized and that a systematic disbursement of all available funds be made towards supplying this deficiency at the earliest possible

date.

30

Rifle Ranges. The State has purchased with Government funds at four large 'centers
tracts of land for USe as rifle ranges for the troops' at those stations and in the vicinity thereof, at a, cost of approximately $60,000.00, and it controls by lease at each one company station about ten or twelve more ranges. It is believed that a larger: amount of Government funds have'been invested in ranges than circumstances warrant, having due regard to other necessities of the service and the limited appropriations, therefore it is recommended" that no more ranges be purchased. Of the ranges owned the Atlanta range represents at least twothirds of the funds expended and as' there is reason to believe that a good opportunity will soon present itself to dispose of this property, it is recommended that it should be done to the best advantage and thaf only a small part of the proceeds if any should be reinvested for a range at the station named, the remainder being used to purchase needed field equipment.
Efforts have been made during the year to provide a uniform system of control and operation of ranges, placing them under direct control of a range board at each station which ac,ts through an executive officer, and who is responSIble direct to the Adjutant General.
By this plan it is hoped to economize in the maintenance of ranges, to remove all cause of local friction, and to provide opportunity for the largest number of men to use the range.
As soon as circumstances permit each station not now upplied with range facility should be so provided by leasing the necessary land and the is'sue of target upplies, etc.
Armories. A large number of armories are not adapted to the purposes for which they
are used, and especially as to the safe-keeping of Government prpperty. The State should provide a
31

fund for the building of proper armories, and in the meantime it should take steps to have its property more carefully guarded from fire and other risks. In two or more armories the risk from fire is nnusua]Jy large, and the property stored therein amounts in one case to approximately $100,000.00; therefore, it is believed that some insurance should be carried on joint armories where property stored therein exceeds in value $5,000.00.
Uniforms. rhe constant change by the United State in the style and material of its
uniforms, to which States are expected to conform, works quite an unnecessary expense and hardship on the Sta te, and to the officers of the Guard who have to supply their own outfit. There seems' no advantage to require uniformit}T of States in its clothing, except as to that which is to be worn in the field along with the Regular Army in trme of war; therefore, it is recommended that in future the State conform to the Army only as to field clothing, and permit its regiments and separate battalions to equip themselves with special uniformS' for dress and fulldress purposes as now authorized by law. This will remove a fruitful cause of complaint, and will popularize the service by giving it a local significance.
While there is on the statute book a law prohibiting the wearing of the uniform, or any part thereof, by unauthorized persons' it has been difficult to prevent the practice which is growing more frequent among a class of undesirable persons, and it is thought that the present law should be amended to provide that the informer should receive a part of the fine upon conviction of the guilty party, which would assist materially in bringing a number of cases to trial wh~ch now escape punishment. The National Guard represents the authority and dignity of the State and is entitled to have its badge of office properly respected.
32

Reserve Arms For Judging from the experience of

Local Use.

the Civil War and of the Span-

ish-American War, troops will

again be needed to aid local authority under similar

circumstances, when all the National Guard has been

called into the United States service, and while it

mav be an easy matter to rais'e additional troops

for'local use, it will require arms and equipment to

make them of service. These supplies cannot be

obtained from those now on hand, which is Govern-

ment propert}T, and will be needed by regiments going

into United States service; therefore, they will have

to be obtained elsewhere. Having this contingency

in mind the General Assembly of 1912 authorized

the Governor "to provide a reserve of arms and

equipment sufficient for a regiment for State duty

in the event of all regiments of the National Guard

being called into the United States service," but it

failed to make the necessary appropriation to carry

thi direction into effect. It will be difficult to ob-

tain arms and equipment when the emergency is

upon the State, and without great expense and de-

lay; therefore, a request for an appropriation for

thi purpos'e should now be made,

Spanish War Flag. T'he flags of the regiments
from this State in the SpanishAmerican War, under authority of the General Aso emhly, will be placed. in the rotunda of the Capitol, in a manner similar to those of the Confederate Regiments, as soon as a proper receptacle is proyided.

Obsolete Orcnance. All obsolete ordnance stores,
the property of the State in whirh the G.overnment has no title, are being surYeyed and dl po~ed of under authority of an act of the General.A embly. Several cannon have been donnted to cities for decorative purposes, and two hra. s cannon, formerly used by the Georgia Military
33'

Institute of Marietta, before the Oivil War, have' been reserved and are to be placed on the steps of the Oapitol building, it being thought that these guns were entitled to this post of honor, as they are the only opes which can be identified as having been actually used in the defense of the Oapitol of the State, they having been served by the Oorps of Oadets of the Georgia Military Institute to resist the advance of Sherman's Army on the Oapitol at Milledgeville.
MISCELLANEOUS.

The Guard of all the States haye

National Guard organized associations, State and

Associations.

National, for conference and im-

provement of the conditions which

surround the service. The National Association has

been the means of bringing the military needs to the

attention of thoS'e responsible for national condi-

tions with the result that modern laws and increased

appropriations by the Government have been made.

While there is a great improvement of conditions

over those existing at the outbreak of the Spanish-

American War, much remains to be done to make

the Guard a real effective force, sufficiently armed,

equipped and trained, to take the field in an emer-

gency along side of the Regular Army. This the

Guard greatly desire, but more demands cannot be

made on their time than is now given without some

financial compensation therefor, at le-ast adequate

to meet the small personal expense attached to each

individual in complying with the increased require-

ments. There has been pending in Oongress a meas-

ure known as "The Militia Pay Bill," which con-

templates' the paYluent per annum to enlisted men

of 25 per cent., and to officers from 5 to 10 per cent.

of the pay received by similar grades in the Regular

Army, which is to be accompanied by requirements

for increased training to make the militia an ef-

fective reserve force of over 100,000 men for the

3

Army at a minimum of cost. This measure should become a law without further delay, as the militia cannot stand the present demands' of the service without proper recognition.
This State has not taken its proper position in the councils of the National Association for the reason that it has not been regularly represented at the annual conventions because of lack of funds' to meet the expense of the officers designated to attend and represent the State. The failure to be properly and regularly represented at these conventions is a dis'tinct loss to the State in prestige and otherwise, which should not longer be permitted.
The State Association was organized to meet local conditions, but due also to financial reasons it has not been the success that was contemplated for it, as the officers cannot, in large numbers, attend the annual conventions which have heretofore been held at places and times when members had to travel considerable disiance at their own expense. In order that there may be a full attendance annually, hereafter, it is hoped that the Association will, in fixingthe date and place of meeting, arrange to have it during some large encampment, officers' schools, or State rifle contest, where a considerable number of officers will be on duty, and where the remainder would probably like to attend for the double purpose of eeing the camp and attending the meeting.

OFFICE ADMINISTRATION.

On July 1st, 1911, I was detailed as Acting Adju-

tant General, in addition to my duties as Quarter-

rna tel' General, relieving Brigadier General A. J.

cott, djutant General, term expired, and on Augn t.7th, I was ~uly commissioned and immediately

quahfied a time detailed

AadsJAutcatnint gGQeunaerratle,rmbeaisnto-~raGt etnheerasl aumne-

der authority of the State :Militia Act of 1907.

Upon assuming charge of the offiee I found that

35

the husiest season of the year was at hand, the plans for the field instruction of the 'troops having been announced but no adequate preparation had been made for putting" them into operation, which caused serious inconvenience and confusion to all concerned. Hereafter whenever it may become necessary to make a change in the head of the office upon a change of Governors the plan for the instruction of the troops should he carefully prepared and announced early in the year, and arrangements should be made to have it carried out regardless of any change of officials.
The General Assembly was also in session, and it becarrne necess'ary to give considerable time to securing the regular annual appropriation for the support of the military establishment.
Records. The records of the office, it was found, did not extend further than 1882, the period of
the reorganization of the Department after the Civil War. A considerable number of military records were discovered in the Executive Office, others in the office of the Secretary of State, and still others stored in various rooms of the Capitol building, apparently abandoned, which under an Executive order, I proceeded to have collected and brought back into the possession of the Military Department, except such as were by law required filed in other Departments.
The records thus recovered constitute a complete file of roster books since the establishment of the State government, a large number of valuahle Indian and Civil War papers', and papers connected with the militia before the Civil War. The General Assembly of 1912 made this office the depository for all military records and directed they be indexed and filed for ready reference, but failed to make any appropriation to meet the expenses necessary to comply with these directions.
From the information recovered I have been able
36

to compile a list of Adjutant Generais sInce 1792, a copy of which appears on the front page of this
report. There has also been prepared a Roster of officers
now in commission, and of organizations existing since 1891, whether now in servi-ce or not, under the direction of Major F. L. Palmer, Inspector General, whieh has been published and distributed for the information of the Guard, and it is hoped to continue this publication annually. (Appendix 6).
In compiling the history of different organizations it was noted that there was a lack of much information which evidently had never been filed, or filed in such a manner as not to be readily accessible; therefore, it is suggested that the State should require organizations to keep and file annually a narrative history, as is required of organizations in the United . States service.
Many of the organizations are upwards of a hundred years old, and others approaching thereto, and it would seem that if the record is worth making it would be worth preserving for all time at military headquarters'.

A Definite Policy From an experience of eighteen

Needed.

years with the Military Depart-

ment Qf the State, and as the

Chief thereof for the past eighteen months, I am

impressed with the need of a definite policy for

thiS' Department in its dealing with the questions of

recruiting, organization, training and discipline of

the militia, which should not be subject to the ever-

changing idea8 of its different heads', but should be

settled on broad lines after careful consideration by

all those whose experience and study fits them for

counsel, so that the efforts of all could be directed

along well-defined channels for the continued bet-

terment of the service.

r.Dhe great improvement in the Regular Army in

recent years is' known to be due largely to that care-

37

fully selected. body of officers which constItute the General Staff Corps, which plans and co-ordinates the work of all arms and departments, and it suggests that a board organized on similar lines could do much the same clas's of work for the Guard of this State. There is already suffi'cient authority of law for suoh a board, and should it be ordered it should consist of all the officials of The :Military Department, the United States Army Officers on duty with the State, The Commanding General of the Guard, and a limited number of other officers whose experience and study fit them for such advisory duties, regardless of their rank.
Office Needs. The office needs proper heating facilities and more floor spa'ce and filing
cabinets; also private office room should be provided for the United States Officers on duty with the Department.
Besides the Adjutant General, the office force now consists of a chief clerk, a property clerk, a reeord clerk and a stenographer, and there are also two officers of the Army attached. for such duty as their orders contemplate.
The saving of the salary of the Quartermaster General for the past year and a half has enabled the Department to secure much needed clerical assistance (the chief and the record clerks being added), but the force is yet too small to properly dise!large the duties of the Department, and there is now pressing need for at least three more stenographer-elerks and a number of record derks-the larger the sooner the records can be indexed for reference.
The work and responsibility attached to the offiees of Adjutant General and Quartermaster General is now too much for one officer to properly perform without an experieneed eommissioned assistant, and were it not intended relieving the Adjutant General of the duties of the Quartermaster General
38

on the first of the year and to fill the office of Quartermaster General, I would feel obliged to recommend the appointment of an experienced commissioned assistant for The Adjutant General's office.
Attention is invited to the necessity of defining by State regulation the several duties in detail of the Quartermaster General's office, which are now largely implied from United States Regulations, in order that there may be no overlapping of Departments and pos'sible friction therefrom, as' has been the case in the past.
GENERAL REMARKS.
I have endeavored to perform as best I could Witll the limited clerical assistance and funds at my disposal the double duty assigned me, and, as I shall lay aside the duties of Adjutant General on the first of the year and reassume my former commission of Quartermaster General, permit me, in surrendering my office, to thank you, Governor, for the consideration and support you have extended me during the past year, which has been" a most eventful one for the National Guard, and to express my appreciation of the firm stand which you have always taken on the side of law and order.
I wish also to record my sincere appreciation of the generous' support given me by officers and men of the Guard, and to acknowledge the valuable and loyal service rendered by the office force,' whose hearts have been in their work, without which my efforts would have been futile.
Herewith is appended the several reports made to this Department, which are incorporated herein, and to which your careful attention is respectfully invited.
Respectfully,
Wm. G. Obear,
The Adjutant General.
39

ApPENDICES. *
1. a. Disbursement from U. S. Funds, 1911, [or Arms, Equipment and Camp.
b. Disbursement from U. S. Funds. 1912, for Arms,_ Equipment and Camp.
c. Disbursement from U. S. Funds, 1911, for Rifle Practice.
d. Disbursement from U. S. Funds, 1912, for Rifle Practice.
e. Disbursement from U. S. Funds, 1911, for Ammunition.
f. Disbursement fr0111 U. S. Funds. 1912, for .Ammunition.
g. Disbursement from U. S. Funds, 1911. for Field Supplies.
h. Disbursement from U. S. Funds, 1V12, for Field Supplies.
2. a. Report of troops aiding civil authority at Monroe, Ga;
b. Report -of troops aiding civil authority at Andersonville, 1911.
c. Report of troops aiding civil authority at Andersonville, 1912.
d. Report of Capt. John M. Fray, on duty at Cumming, Septem ber, 1.912.
e. Report of Capt. W. A. \!Yay, on duty at Cumming, September, 1912.
f. Report of Major 1. T. Catron, on duty at Cumming, October 2, 1912.
g. Report of Major 1. T. Catron, 011 duty at Cumming, October 2J, 1912.
h. Report of Major Levy, on Augusta strike duty: I. Report 1'ire at Columbus. k. Report Fire at Gainesville.
:1. a. FIll Report of State Inspector General on annual inspection.
b. 1!H2 Report of State Inspector General on annual inspection.
-k'1911 and 1912 Camp Reports.
5. 1911 and 1912 Annual Reports of Department and Organization Commanders.
6. Register of officers.
7. Orders issued.
* To be published separately and furnished on application therefor.
40

APPENDIX No.1
REPORT
OF THE
ADJUTANT GENERAL
STA TE OF GEORGIA
1911-1912
SUBJECT:
Disbursement of United States Funds

STATE OF GEORGIA IN ACCOUNT WITH THE UNITED STATES JANUARY 1 TO DECEMBER 31, 1911.
FOR "ARMS, EQUIPMENTS AND CAMP PURPOSES"
under Section 1661, Revised Statutes.

1911.

CREDITS.

Jan. 1 By Balance, as per statement rendered Feb-

ruary 15, 191L

$20,181 91

Mar. 6 " Overcharge, publications, July 21-________ May 17 " Overcharge, publications, April 7, ________

7 50 3,00

June 28 " Ordnance, value of empty cartridge cases and zinc lined packing boxes ____ ______ 30 80

May 24 " Overcharge, publications, April 18________

6 75

July 1 "Allotment for fiscal year 1912

38,114 83

Aug. 2 " Transfer from" Promotion of Rifle Practice" ____________________________ ___ 5,895 95

Aug. 18 " Overcharge, Quartermaster, May 31, 1911 Aug. 29 " Certificate of Deposit, Major M. J. Dan-
iel__________________________________

90 43 28 27

Sept. 14 " Certificate of Deposit, Major M. J. Daniel__________________________________ 120 54

Oct. 12 " Transfer from" Promotion of Rifle Practice" ________________________________ 300 00

Oct. 9 " Certificate of Deposit. Major M. J. Daniel__________________________________ 19 50

By Total Credits

<

_

$64,79948

Jan. 12 To Ordnance Stores

CHARGES.

1,23240

Feb. 3 " Ordnance, estimated cost of repairs to 3

in. field materiaL Oct. 13 " Militia forms Nov. 10 " Militia forms

_ _
_

75 00
63 35

Feb. 8 " Commissary, Subsistence stores furnished

at Chickamauga Park, 1910

1,023 83

Feb. 25 " Cost of General Orders and Circulars, W.

D. and Circulars, D. M. A. ,from July 1,

1909, to Dec. 31,1910

_

Feb. 23 " Militia forms

_

Mar. 11 " Additional charge publications, Sept. 26 _

Mar. 17 " Ordnance stores

_

Mar. 30 " Requisition for funds in favor of Major M.

Mar. 24" J. Daniel, Disburs~ng Officer- - _- - - - _- - -

Mar.30 "Quartermaster supphes ::_~ _=

-

Ordnance stores ________________________

172 16 36
1 95' 69 18
300 00 . -1-5 -66---456 00

pro ar.

36~

" ::

T~grna!n!,slfePr:otope"rPtyromotion of

Rifle Practice" 1,500 = 33

00 28

App~: 20

"ubhcatlollS___________________________ Requisiti?n for: funds in favor of Major M.

3200

pl'. 14
pl'. 25 ay 19

" J. Darnel, DlSbursing Officer .

_ 3,8,3527

Ordnance Stores :: ~dnsfer to "~ro~~-ti~~-ofRiil~-P;~~ti~~"-

13 00 190 00

I' nance, estimated cost of repairs to 3"

pro 19 May 1

"Pubflieilcdatmioantesrial-- .. ------------------- .. "Requisiti?n f~~-f'iIDd;i~-f~~~~-o{M~lO;r-.;(

150 00 33 75

" J. Darnel, Disbursing Officer. __________ 6,574 85

Apr. 14 Quartermaster supplies__________________

81

Carried forward, 3

$ 15,710.48

Brought forward

_

June 12 To Ordnance, cost of alteration and repair of

mechanism of 3 in. field guns

_

June 17 " Transfer to "Promotion of Rifle Practice" _

June 19 " Medical supplies

_

May 31 " Quartermaster supplies

_

June 16 " Medical supplies

_

15,710.4
3 4 4 20
12 99 90 43 7 19

July 6 " Requisition for funds in favor of Major M. J. Daniel, Disbursing Officer ___________ 3,965 60

July 8 " Requisition for funds in favor of Major M.

J. Daniel, Disbursing Officer

17, 51 22

Aug. 30 " Quartermaster supplies, disallowed_ ______ 295 9 Aug. 30 " Ordnance stores, disallowed_ _____________ 1,624 39 Aug. 22 " Publications ___________________________ 5 50

Sept. 11 " Ordnance, estimated expense of inspection

and tion

roefpCar.inAg.

material Org

issued

for

instruc_

Sept. 13 " Medical supplies, disallowed

_

Sept. 11 " Publications

_

4000 2 23
1 3 00

ept.19 " Transfer to "Promotion of Rille Practice"

Aug. 10 " Signal Property

_

Sept. 18 " Quartermaster supplies

_

Sept. 29 " Quartermaster supplies__ .

_

Oct. 4 " Publications

_

153 60 16200
15 66 13500
21 00

Oct. '12 " Amount in hands of Major M. J. Daniel, Disbursing Officer ____________________ 300 00

Oct. 10 " QuartermaSter supplies__________________ 5 5 00

Oct. 24 " Requisition for funds in favor of Major M.

J. Daniel, Disbursing Officer

7 500 00

Oct. 24 " Transfer to "Promotion of Rifle Practice" _ 9 075 00

Oct. 18 " Publications___________________________

3 60

Sept. 18 " Quartermaster, additional charge_________

06

Sept. 29 " Quartermaster, additional charge_ ________

38

Sept. 11 " Publications ,additional charge_ __________

25

ov.23 " Publications, additional charge_ ______ ___

Nov. 14 " Ordnance forms_ __ ____

_ __ ___

ov.23 " Commissary Property___________________

Nov. 23 " Ordnance stores_ _______________________

ov.23 " Qliartermaster supplies__ ________________

Oct. 10 " Quartermaster, additional charge _________

Dec. 19 " Publications_ __________________________

Dec. 19 " Publications ___________________________

2 20 60
59 9 76 7 21
1 54 1 50 10 50

Dec.2 " Transfer to "Promotion of Rille Practice" _ 225 34 58,564 79

BY BALANCE DEC. 31, 1911

_

6,234 69

4

TATE OF GEORGIA m ACCOU T WITH THE TITED
JAN ARY 1 TO DEC. 31, 1912.

FOR

"ARM ,EQUIPME T

D CAMP PURPO E "

under ection 1661, Revised tatutes.

TATES

1912

CREDITS.

Jan. 1 By Balance______________________________ 6,234 69

Jan. 23 " Overcharge, 2 M. supplies, ov. 22, 1911 _

01

April 22 " Overcharge, 2 M supplies Feb. 20, 1912_ __

01

May 25 " Overcharge, 2 M Supplies, pril 3, 1912___ 33 4

Jul' 2 " AUottment For ficalyear, 1912-13

37,9360

July 24 " Certificate Deposit, o. 3374,Lowry Bank_ 1,484 32

Aug. 1 " Overcharge,2 M supplie , June 10, 1912 __

05

ug. 21 " Certificate Depo it, No. 3410, Lowry Bank 10 7

Oct. 9 Transfer from "Promotion Rifle Practice" Account_____________________________ 919 21

ov. " Overcharge, Repairs Field Artillery_______ 134 2

ov. 21 "Overcharge, C. D. M. Nov. 14, 191L_____ 11 40

'ov. 19 " Certificate Depo it, 0.3477, Lowry Bank 16 54

----~,46, 7 0 9<1

1911

CHARGE.

Dec. 22 To Publication

_ 34

Dec. 29 " Quartermaster upplies-

_ 636 56

1912

Jan. 15 " Adjutant-General, Blank form

_ 3 30

Feb. 5 " General Orders and Circulars, Jan. to June 45 17

TOV 14 " Ordnance, Estimated co t 4 Tripod------- 100,00

Feb. 20 " Publications, (Military urgeon)

_

1 50

.'ov.19 " Publications Additional charge Feb. 20 " Quartermaster upplies.lar.11 "Ordnance upplie .Iar. 12 . Adjutant -General-Publication

_

00

. _ 39 07 _ 360 62

_

75

.lar.12 " Ordnance upplies---------------------- 21 59

ov. 23 " Quartermaster Additional Charge

._

34

lar. 25 " Gt'neral Orders and Circulars July 1, Dec.

" 31. 1911.

_ 120 62

far. 1 Publi ations _

:ar:.2~9

:: "

~pdurbtlci:r~miaos~tpeprli~edcl-i-t-i-~-~-~l-C-h-~-;.i-e----~-~-=-=-=-=-==-.

61 25 44
254 00

ril.ar. 23 Ordnance up-,i~- - --- - - --- - - -- - - - - - - --

2 ay 21

" "

QAudjaur.ttearnmt Gaesnteerrsaul$u-,bilei-~-~-t-i-~-n-s-----

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

---

ay 21 " Puhhcations

- - -- -- - - - --

Feb. 29 " Publications - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -' --

1 50 135 60 175 17
50 41 50

Feb.

" Publications-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --

875

June 3 June 11 June 10 June 15

" " "
I

Cash transfe~~-t~C~C~~l.TD~~~ljj.-O

Ordnance Repalr Field Artillery

Quarterma ter upplies

. -- - - -. --

OrdnlUlC upplies- ~== ====== ==== =====

~2

,

29 000 150
25 73

00 00 00 65 91

Amount forwarded

.

_

5

Amount forwarded

4,495 27 46,7eO 94-

June 24 To Quartermaster upplies__________________ 1 4

July 17 " Apply Tag to Platting Board

3 00

July.20 " Cash transferred to Col. M. J. Daniel D. O. 3,000 00

July 25 " Cash transferred to Col. M. J. Daniel D. O. 3,500 00

Aug. 8 " B1nnk forms, General Orders to June 1912 179 33

June 24 " Publica.tiollS___________________________

644

Apr. 18 " Quartermaster supplies__________________ Aug. 12 "QuartermasterForms___________________

1 61 7 30

Aug. 12 " Adjutant General Blank form____________ Aug. 12 " Commissary blank forms________________
Aug. 12 " Ordnance blank forms___________________ Sep. 18 "Publica.tiollS___________________________

17 835
3 45 11 19

Apr. 18 " Quartermaster, Additional Charge________

08

Oct. 9 " Amount in bands Col. Daniel D. 0._______ 919 21

Oct. 4 " Quartermaster blank forms_ _____________

84

Oct. 26 " Subsistence furnished at camp ___________ 103 89 Aug. 8 " Publica.tiollS_ ____ __ ___ _________________ 10 50

Oct. 31 " Subsistence, L Inf. at camp______________ 28 16

Nov. 15 " Publication

: ______________ __ 3 00

Dec. 2 " Cash transferred to Col. M. J. Daniel D. 0.2,000 00 Dec. 19 " 2 M Supplies__________________________ 17 20 14,491 87

BY BALANCE ON HAND

_

$32,289 07

6

STATE OF GEORGIA IN ACCO T WITH THE U ITED STATE JMHJARY 1 TO DECEMBER 31, 1911.
FOR "PROMOTIO OF RIFLE PRACTICE'.
Section 1661, Redsed Statutes.

1911.

CREDITS.

Jan. 1 By Barluaanrcye,1a5s,1p9e1r1statement rendered Feb- _

00

Apr. 6 " TrPanusrpfeorsefrso" m" Arms, Equipments and Ca_mp

1,500 00

Apr. 25 " Transfer from" Arms, Equipments and

Camp Purposes"

_

190 00

June 17 " TrPanusrpfeorsefsr"om" Arms, Equipments and _

4 4 20

July 1 "Allotment for fiscal Year, 1912

_

12,704 95

Sept. 19 " TrCanasmfepr Pfruorpmo"seAsr"ms, Equipments and _

153 60

Oct. 12 " AmInosubnutrisninhgaOndffsicoefr Major M. J. Daniel, _

300 00

Oct. 24 " TrCanasmfepr Pfruorpmo"seAsr"ms, Equipments and _

9,075 00

Dec. 28 " TrCanasmfepr Pfruorpmo"seAsrms, Equipments and Total Cred,its. _____ _

_
-

-

-

-

-2-25

-34

_

$24 633 09

CHARGES.

Apr. 6 To requisition for funds in favor ofMajor M.

J. Daniel, disbursing officer

Apri 18 May 31

" "

Ordnance stores Ordnance stores

_ _

1 500 '190

00 00

_ 484 20

July 12 " Ordnance stores

. 809 00

July 24 " Requisitions for funds in favor of Major M.

J. Dahiel, Disbursing Officer-

6, ()()() 00

Aug. 2 " TrPanusrfpeorsetos""Arms, Equipments and Camp 5,89595

Sept. 5 " Ordnance stores________________________ 153 60
Oct. 12 " TrPanurspfeorsetso"_"_A_r_m__s,__E_q_u_i_p_m__en__ts__a_n_d_C__a_m_p_ 300 00

Oct. 24 " Requisition for funds in favor of Major M.

J. Daniel, Disbursing Officer

9,07500

Dec. 21 " Ordnance stores_ _______________________ 225 34$24,633 09

Dec. 31 1911 BY BALANCE

_

000

7

TATE OF GEORGIA I ACCOU -T WITH THE U ITED TATE JAr. 1 TO DEC. 31, 1912.
FOR "PROMOTIO OF RIFLE PRACTICE." Section 1661, Revised tatutes.

1912

CREDIT .

Jan. 1 Br Balance

_

July 1 ' Allotment funds 1913

12,64.5 35

Oct. 9 " Amount in hands Col. Danirl D. 0_______ 919 21 Oct. 16 " Overcharge signaL_____________________ 141 75

Total Credits

_

.13,70631

CHARGE.

July 20 To Cash transferred to Col. Daniel D. 0

2,000 00

July 25 " Cash transferred to Col. Daniel D. 0

2,500 00

Aug. 5 " ignal EquipmenL_____________________ 347 52

Aug. 14 "Ordnance .________________________ 9600

Oct. 9 " Transferred to" Arm. , Engn. and Corp" _ 919 21 Dec. 2 " Cash transferred to Daniel D. 0 __________ 3,000 00 Dec. 14 "Ordnance______________________________ 1 j 1

Dec. 31 "BALANCE

_

STATE OF GEORGIA IN ACCO NT WITH THE U -ITED TATE J . 1 TO DEC. 31, 1911.
FOR "A IMUNITIOK."
Under Section 13 of the Militia Law.

1911 Jan.
July

CREDIT.

1 By Barluaanrcye,15as, 1p9e1r 1.tatement render d Feb- _

00

1 " allotment for fiscal year 1912

_

12, 2-! 93

--------

Tota.l Credit

12, 2-1 93

CIiARGE .

Aug. 28 To Ordnance stores

.

Aug. 28 "Ordnance stores,_

ept. 2 "Ordnance ammunition . "ued to tate team at ational Match____________________

13 00 1 1 40
125 54 1,120.u

Dec. 31 BY BALANCE

_

.11.704 40

TATE OF GEORGIA L ACCO _-T WITH THE Jan 1 to Dec. 31, 1912. FOR ItAl\nI~ITION."
nder ection 13, ~Iilitia Act.

_ ITED TATES

1912

CREDITS.

Jan. 1 B,Y Balance

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 11 ,704 49

July 1 'Allotments Fiscal year 1913

17,18920

1913

July

13

It Empty Case

returned

(J'lot

available)____
-

-116-00-

-

-

-

Tot& ~eWts

._________

29,009 69

CHARGE.

July 30 To Ammunition

.

.

7,3952

Apr. 8 It Ammunition __ .

._.

._ 44200

June 11 " Ammunition'_ ___ ________ _

._ 65 00

June 15 " Ammunition __ . .

. R 02 21

July 1 " Amount 1912 lapsed____________________ 116 00

July 3 " Ammunition

. _____ 462 50

July 31 " Ammunition

19400$12,476 99

Dec. 31

BY BALANCE_______________

16,532 70

TATE OF GEORGIA Ii ACCOlPlT WITH THE Ur ITED J~ . 1 TO DEC. 31, 1911. FOR SUPPLIES. ction 13, U. . Militia Act.

TATES

1911

CREDIT'.

Jan. 1 B1 Balance on haneL _________________ ___ 21,357 45

Feb. 3 ' Overcharge, January 12, 191L

_ 67 50

June 1 " Allottment, additionaL

_ 4,327 07

June 26 " Transfer from ammunition account. July 1 It Allottment.
July 31 " Overcharge June 7, 191L .. ug. 1 u O,oercharge :\1ay 31,1911 . ug. 19 " O'-ercharge ~Iay 13,1911.

_ _

5,249 22,468

7 15

_ 126 49

_ 93 07

_ 105 00

53,794 51

gOd ~ 'Ii?

CHARGES. missary property------

_ 1,117 50

ar 15 .. ~nance property - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Ordn:: ~: 25 ..

~~~Pp~~~yy--------------------

~ 14 .. Ordnance pro ert - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --

r------------------- priJ 14 y1

"
'0

O. drddnitainocnealpCrotiaerr~;-' ------------------

ay 13 ay 29

..
It

QOru d~t ~~~~~p ~o.pe- r- -t-y---- --

-

---

---------

-

-

-

-

-

570 90 4400
30400 764 21
26
22400 1,305 00

ay 31 ay 31 June 3
June 3 June 7

" " " "
It

Q~~~Illueeedaddiiir(tcce'aar&11mp~rrroootp:ee:rr~Jt~r=o~=_p--_e--~--ty----------------------------------------------------------------- Quartermaster pro -;.t-----------------
pe y----------------

3,127 75 24
16,329 91 12625
544 6,934 20

9

June 13 " Ordnance property June 16 " Ordnance property
June 30 " Balance lapsed to Treasury Oct. 12 " Quartermaster property Oct. 19 " Medical property
Oct. 20 " Ordnance property

Dec. 31

By Balanee

_ _

6000 40

_ 321 70

_ _

30 00 10 05

_ 396 35 31,762 67

_

22,031 75

TATE OF GEORGIA IN ACCO r-T WITH THE U"XITED TATES JAN ARY 1 TO DECEMBER 31, 1912.
FOR UPPLIES.

1912

CREDITS.

Jan. 1 By Balance

22,031 75

Mar. 28 " Overcharge as 2 M upplies Dec. 29, 191L 2,2 9 3

Apr. 26 " Addittional allotment-

2,159 6

June 30 " Overcharge on Commissary property______ 1 9

June 20 " Overcharge 2 M Commi ary property ____ 11 81

July 1 " Allotment-

20, 10 00

--------

$47,304 96

CHARGE.

Nov. 15 To Medical upply________________________ 5 00

Dec. 29 " 2 M upply

17 ,141 09

June 15 "Ord. upplie

19050

June 17 " 2 M upplies__________________________ 331 56

June 11 " 2 M upply___________________________ 74672

June 17 " Commissary supplies ___________________ 50 11

July 1 "Amount lapsed_________________________ 299

Dec. 14 " Ordnance

. ___ __________________ 544 35 27,049 31

Dec. 31 ByBalance

_

20.265 65

10

APPENDIX No. 2
REPORT
OF THE
ADJUTANT GENERAL
STATE OF GEORGIA
1911.1912
SUBJECT:
Troops On Active Duty

A
MONROE DUTY
Atlanta. Ga., May 27, 1911.
The Adjutant General, State of Georgia, Atlanta, Ga.
Sir: In accordanee with S. O. _ o. 106 A. G. O. 1911, 3
companies of this Command were ordered to report at your Atlanta Armory at 1 :45 p. m. in accordance with S. O. No. 22 R. H. 1911. A copy of both orders is hereto attaehed. Captain W. C. Hendrix, on account of the great pressure of work due to his plan to leave for the manoeuver in Texa on Thursday night, May 25th, wa excused from the tour; Captain Hendricks did not request to be excu ed, however. By verbal orders 50 rounds of ball cartridge instead of the riot cartridges, were carried.
Captain Hall, named in S. O. No. 22 accepted his commis ion as Lieutenant-Colonel and served in this capacity.
The Battalion took charge of the prisoner at the Fulton County Jail and the ommander secured the written orders from Sheriff ..:: tark of Walton ounty, a copy of which is attached. All arrangements for tran portation were made by the QuartermasterGeneral of the State. The Battalion left over the Seaboard at 4 :05 p. m., in p cial cars, and at the junction just below Winder transferred to the narrow guage railroad and reached Monroe about 7 p. m. Quite a crowd was at the Court House as we arrived, but the prisoner wa taken to the Court House and placed in the pri on room without any disturbance. The Commander of Company F, 3d Separate Battalion reported with 49 men and 2 offi-
1

eel'S, in accordance ,Yith Par. 3 . O. 106 A. G. O. 1911, immediately upon our arrival. That night a cordon of entinel wa placed around the Court House and court ground, and one Company with small additional detail wa con tantly on duty, with another Company resting on it arms in the corridor of the Court House.
All information pos ible wa obtained from friendly citizen official., local military officers, and former Captain Carither of Company F, 3d Separate Battalion. .l: 0 patrollina wa done, as no information ju tifyino' it was obtained.
The next mornin . the auard around the Court Hou e was treno'th nen and no one wa allowed to pass, except under written orders of the Commander, except arand juror and petit juror for the court, who were pa . ed per onally" in each in tance by the Sheriff.
Upon the arrival of Jud~'e Brand of "Walton Superior ourt on that morning- a conference wa at once held nnd on account of the ahsence of one of the mORt important wine. e , tJudge Brand announced that the ea e would he pORtponed and the court would he adjourned.
Whereupon, in accordance wi h your order. contained in S. O. 106 (copy" attached)' the underRigned wa ordered to brina the .pri. oner Tom llan, ~lDd turn him over to the heriff of Fulton ounty. The under irned had held the mornino' train leavin o' }{onroe, and a. oon a in. tructions to return the pri oner to tlanta were received, boarded the train with hi omIDand and the prisoner. The prisoner wa duly turned over to the Sheriff of Fulton County and the under igned hold his receipt. The undersigned a1 0 holds a written order to return the pri oner to tlanta.
The pri oner wa marched through the street of Atlanta and of Monroe on the in ide of what i lrnown as a "hollow, square" formation, with advance, flank and rear ouard..
C)

Ju t as we were about to entrain a party of citizens evinced a desire to take the prisoner, but the formation was' such that it was impossible, and no

ngorous effort was made.

When the prisoner was afely on the train all the curtains in the train were pulled down and the prisvner placed under the seats. Deputy Sheriff Geo. Broadnax of Fulton Oounty, who accompanied the

ommand, was sitting near a window and hi blue uit was noticeable throuO'h a crack in the curtain.

Although the under igned "as the last man ,to board the'train, and while iO'nalling to the enO'ineer' to go

ahead, an unkno\ n citizen lipped out of the crowd up to the train and, as I am informed, tuck a pi tol through the crack under the curtain again t or almo t again t Deputy' heriff Broadnax. I am inform-

ed that the pistol wa knocked out of the "ay by a member of the Oommand. Sergeant Long of ompany A, who was on the tep and aw the occurrence,

jumped off and forced the citizen back ju t a the train pulled out, The facts in regard to thi ocurrence were not known to the Oommander until the train was ev ral mile on its way to Winder.

The special train reached Winder about 11 :30 and the Command immediately went aboard the special car. The pecial engine which had been ordered did not reach Winder until 2 p. m" and the Oommand reached Atlanta about 4 p. m.

As tated, the pri oner was turned over to the Sheriff of Fulton ounty and I hold hi wri tten receipt.

Subsi tence was furni hed the Oommand b\' aptain J. R. Nunnally of the ~lonroe Oomman'd in a very efficient and satisfactory manner. Sheriff Stark

of Walton Oounty wa "ith the Oommand all the

time, and evinced a lofty purpose to do hi, duty

under what he reO'arded a 1110 t tn'iDO' CIrcum-

tance..

.

3

The men for the duty were specially elected from the Atlanta Companie and all officer and men performed their duty in a hiO'hly creditable manner.
The officers and men of Company F, 3d Separate Battalion 1 erformed heir duty in a thoroughly military manner, and the men were at all times well in hand.
Due to the illne of the victim, it i believed that her friends will go to vigorous extent in saving her the necessity of appearinO' in court. The ileriou ne s of a trial would be exaO'lYerated on this account. The number' of men carried by the various Atlanta Commands were slightly "aried at the Armory before leaving'. The correct number to be hown by pay rolls to be approved by the under igned.
It wa deemed expedient to purcha e andwiches at Winder for the Command at an expen e of $12.50, 6 lanterns were 'Purchased at {onroe, at an expense of $4.35, to guard aO'ain t po ible failure of the electric lightninO' y. em and confu ion incident thereto. $1.75 inci ntal expen e wa incurred. Proper pay rolls a d \oucher win be at once ubmitted.
An especial caution ~hould be exhibited on another tour to prevent indivi ual from lYetting clo e to the pri.oner or of having an opportunity to fire upon him for a distance.
Re;: )('ctfully,
E. E. POMEROY,
("0 onel 5th Regt. Infy. N. G. Ga. ('ommaniling Detachment.

Special Orders. No. 106.

_-\ tlanta Ga. May 24 1911.

EXTHACT

4. Colonel E. E. P meroy of the 5th Infantry, . G. of Ga., eleven offic r~ and one hundred and twenty men of the 1 Infantry, . G. of Ga.. will

4

rep;>rt to Shc:-iff W. B. StErk of vValton County, Georgia, at the jail of Fulton County, Georgia, armed and equipped in heavy marching order on Thursday, May 25th, 1911, at 2 :30 o'clock p. m. and will ~omply with uch order as he may give con istent with the law.
Colonel Pomeroy will provide the troops under hi command with an ample upply of ball cartridge and will act a Q'Uard to the Sheriff of Walton 'County and one pri oner darged with rwpe to Monroe, Georgia. On arrival at Monroe, Georgia 'tolonel PomelOy will act in conjun tion with the heriff of Walton County in maintaining peace and order, and will adopt uch mea ures as he may deem proper to prevent mob violence to the prisoner in hi charO'e and to pre erve peace order, life and property. . Mter the performan e of the above pecified duty
olonel Pomeroy will return to hi home tation with hi command and the aid pri oner if so ordered by the Judge of the SUJPerior ourt pre iding at aid trial or by the Sheriff of Walton ounty.
The Quarterma tel' General of Geor!ri.a will furnLh the transportation n ce ary to complete the above movement.
The expense incurred in the performanre of the ahove duty i nece sary in the s rvice.
B-r ORDER OF THE GOVERNOR: A . .T. COTT,
The Adjutant General.
. O. ~ 0.22. The following officers and detail will report at the Atlanta Armory, Thur day, May ~5th, at 1 :45 p. m. in . ervice uniforms, shirts and blouse . for duty:
OFFICER ' DETATL.
Captain Oscar Palmour T. A. Kemp F. M. Cochran O. H. Hall
5

Co. A. Co. B. Co. C. Co. D. Co. K. 1 1st S t. Co. L. 1 1st Sgt. Co. M. 1 1st Sgt.

Lieut. H. Jones W. G. Mills B. Fowler D. R. Winn W. O. Marshburn A. H. Lindorme - - Jackson

DETAIL. 3 Sgts. 2 gis. 2 Sgts. 2 Sgt . 1 Sgt. 2 Sgts. 1 S~t.

3 Corp. 2 Corp. 2 Corps. 2 Corps. 2 Corp. 1 Corp. 1 COl'p.

12 Men. 14 Men. 12 Men. 14 Men. 12 1\1 en. 122\'[('n. 1~ Men.

All officers and men will carry poncho blanket, helter half, canteen and mess kit in haversack. Each man will be equipped with 40 round of riot cartridges.
ompany Commander will notify all officer in their Commands and will be per onally re pon ible for appearance of their detail at the time and place, and in the manner designated.
ommander will ele t the very best men obtainable and require their pre ence.
By order Col. Pomeroy. F. M. COCHRAN,
apt. O. D. A.ding Adjutant.

May 25; 1911. Colonel E. E. Pomeroy,
Comdg. Fifth Regt. Infty., N. G. Ga., Atlanta, Ga.
Sir: You having reported to me in accordance with
Special Orders, No. 106, May 24, 1911, I hereby instruct you to take charge of the negro Tom Allen and carry him to Monroe, Walton County, for the purpose of trial under indictment, and retain charge of him until said trial is over. You will take such measures as you may deem proper to prevent mob
6

yioien e to the prisoner in your charge and to preer\'e peace, order, life and property. You will u e vour di cretion in how these instruction are carried ~ut, but you have authority to clo e such treets and other place a. may be nece ary in the proper performnnce of thi. duty.
R pectfully, (jO'ned) ,Yo B.. 'T.\RT\.
heriff, Walton County On.
Atlanta, Ga.,:i\Ia 30] !H]. The ~ djutant G neral, tate of Georo'ia,
Atlanta, Ga .
11':
I c1e~ire to upplement by report on the :JIonroe tour of duty as dated may 27th.
The m n mo t directly connected with the effort of the citizen to shoot throuo'h the car and who ;l . j ted in preventing flame were orporal Emery and Private Leech. both of ompany D.
Re pectfulIy, E. E. POMEROY,
olonel Fifth Infantry, Commanding Detachment.
B DUTY AT ANDERSONVILLE, 1911
~ mericu . Ga., ~Iay 1 t, 101]. b djutnnt Geu<>rnl,
tlantn. Ga.
pI i? . itb . O. 10 of ~Iay 26th, my comneon 1 hng of thirty (37) men and Three (3) ffie r re~orted to the herjff of Sumter County at nder onvIlle Ga., ~[ay 30th for hi a sistance in the preservation of peace and order and the protection of life and propertv.
7

The number of person pre ent at Anders'Onville

hardly exceeded two thou and, and was composed of

a greater number of white people in proportion. than

in past years. The conduct of the Negroes was on

the whole much better than usual at this place and

occasion, due to presence of the Military entirely, I

believe, and I believe that in a few years more that

the occasion will not be marred by the drunken

carousals of the negroes, but will be observed as it

was intended when the day was set apart. Only two

arrests being made for illegal sale of liquor.

The conduct of the men was 'Perhaps better than

on any previous tour of duty that the Military had

been used there, and wa complimented highly by the

Sheriff for their conduct and assistance.

Vouchers for tran portation 37 men at 56

cents each

$20 72

Vouchers for 0 travel ration at 25 cent

each B&D

20 00 ~--------

either Transportation nor Travel Rations being furnished us were paid from the Company Treasury, and I reque t that check bemail d me direct to cover same to reimburse the ompany treasury.
Pay Roll for 3 Officer and 37 men, $46.50 as well as above named vouchers inclosed.
To comply with . O. 10 we assembled at Armory 5 :30 a. m. and left ALrmory 8 p. m.
Re pectfully, HAS. P. DAVIS,
Capt. Co. L 4th Bat. Infy., N. G. Ga. Copy to Commanding Officer 4th BatIn.

C DUTY AT ANDERSONVILLE, 1912
Americus Ga., June 5, 1912. The A(ljutant General,
Atlanta, Ga.
II' :
I have the honor to knowledge receipt of your letter of the 3d. in t. in regard"" to above matter. I

find that all the men mentioned in your letter of the 3d, were duly enlisted on that date.
Report of day's duty as follows: Thi command assembled at the armory at 6 :00 o 'clock on the morning of May 30th. and left the station at 640, arrived at Andersonville, Ga. about 7 :09. Immediately after breakfast the <company was divided into two platoons, one platoon under Lieut. Hogue going on duty at the crossing near the entrance of the ational Cemetery where the excursion train top in the morning. The other platoon under Lieut. M Lendon was on duty at the station. The morninO' passed off without incident. From 12M to about 5 p. m. the crowd blocked the station (Anderonville) 0 it kept the detail busy making- them move on. The depot aO'ent had to call for help to get the bagO'age to check it and when trains pulled in the pa engel's had con iderable trouble in getting to the depot. There i only one street in Andersonville and a majority of the negroes tand or aunter up and down this street and it on anything in sight. We could open a pathway through the crowd but it would close in behind us just about a fast as we opened it. There wa no di order. We arrested a negro for robbery but he was lat l' di charged by order of the heriff. A quad broke up a blind tiger. Otherwise the tour was without incident. The crowd wa. small er than usual on this occasion. A to whether or not the service hould be continued in future I will state the fact a I ee them' Andersonville i a town of about 250 or 350 population. polic protection one mar hal without uniform, the sheriff and a dupty from Americus are on hand on the 30th. There is no regular guardhou e. The mE:'rchant are busy on this occasion and if any trouhle bonld occur they would have to clo e up and ::let a deputies and they don't want to do it. Based on what we actually did it would eem that we were not needed, however the people of Amder onville think our presence there prevent trouble.
9

I asked several citizen there if they thought we were needed and the all answered in the affirmative. In this connection I had a talk with Capt. Bryant who i in charge of the ational Cemetery and he told me he believed it wa. necessary to nave some troops on hand and that he had on one occasion asked for
. S. troops although they could only patrol the re ervation.
It eems that Ander onville i without adequate police protection fQr this occa ion and they don't know how to bandle the crowd so they have come to rely on a company of Militia.
Respectfully, JAMES A. FORT,
Captain Co. L 4th Bat. Inf. . G. Ga.
D
UMMI G D TY (FIR T TOUR).
rmory, Troop F, 2d Squad. Cav., N. G. Ga. Gainesville, Ga., 2 :30 p. m. Sept. 8, 1912. From: aptain John L Fray, Troop F, 2d. Squad.
avo To: The Adjutant General, State of Georgia. Subject: RIOT DUTY AT CUMMING, GA.
1st Lt. eal, Troop F, 2d Squad. Cav. N. G. Ga., received telephonic instructions from the djutant General at 11:35 A. M. Sept. 7, 1912, to hold twenty men in readiness, to ecure a number of automobiles to transport above men to Cumming, Ga., find cost of such tran portation, and await further orders from him.
He immediately attempted to get in communication with me, who at that time was en route from Dahlonega, Ga., to Gainesville, Ga., without any knowledge of having been ordered out.
Re then ordered 2nd. Lt. Ashford and Segt. Sheridan to have some twenty five men report to theArmory, and there hold them elve' in readine . to
10

proceed to Cumming, and during which time lie secured four automobiles.
I reached Gainesville at 12 :30 p. m. and was immediately notified as to the conditions. 0 definite instructions had been received by Lt. Neal up to this time, but he informed me that twenty five men were in readiness at the Armory, and that a ufficient number of automobiles had been secured for 20 men. Lt. Neal was then attempting to get in communication with the Adjutant General, and Lt. Ashford was attempting to ecure two more machines.
Upon my arrival I O'ot in communication with the Adjutant General and recei, ed tile following: "Why hadn't eel moved out a pur uant to order. Proceed at once to Cumming, which place bad been declared in a state of insurrection obey no orders from any civil authority, govern your elf accordin,r to the conditions found. Take the negroe who were held for rape and bring them to Gainesville."
At that time the other machine had not becll ecured and were not till 1 :15 p. m. In the meallt.imG I received another communication from the Adjutant General just as the men were getting into the machines. In thi it was asked why there was such a delay and also stated that I would be re-inforced by a Marietta Company, and if that company reached the cene of disturbance first, I would report to Capt. Way. We moved on out with five machines ann twenty-three men. Four men were left to come in a machine which had not arrived. We proceeded by the way of Buford as this was a graded road, and reached Cumming at 4 p. m.
Upon arrival at Cumming it was observed that there were some three hundred men in and around the court House where the negro Grant Smith was field a prisoner, the Sheriff being afraid to escort him to the jail from the Court House, the mob having already made demonstrations, and had been successfully held off by Sheriff Reed and his deputies of Forsyth Cotmty and Sheriff Crowe of Hall County.
11

We formed a hollow quare and escorted the negro to the jail, the mob giving away at each point without any trouble. A cordon of entinels wa then thrown around the jail with order to allow no one to come near.
After sizing up the ituation I found it advi able to await the arrival of Capt. Way before attemptin<r to take the negroes ix in number from the Jail. In tl1e mean time the officers and a number of the good citizen mixed with the mob and by per i tent talking per uaded them to di perse and await the trial which orne one promi ed would take place early the next week.
aptain Way with twenty-five men arrived about 5 :15 p. m. and as the mob was then scattering it wa agreed to take advantage of the situation and hurry the neo-ro to larietta, that beino- in the same judicial circuit a ummin oo and al 0 a a part of my command would remain in umming a lono- a neceary and therefore giving the maximum o-uard trength to the neo-roe. TID. wa accompli hed r.bout 6 :20 p. m. as the mob at that time was about one-fourth of the original ize.
Ten officer and men of my Troop and three men of the Marietta ompany remained. Immediately after the departure of the negroe , a patrol wa sent out with in truction to run all negroe out of the limits of the town. Thi was done without any trouble. Sentinel were posted at nightfall on all road leading into town and a mall patrol wa kept to cover all alley. At 1 a. m. the entinels were relieved but the patrol wa kept out till sunri e.
The Adjutant General being advised as to the' peaceful condition exi ting in umming on the morning of the tho gave instructions that if I thought advisable, to 'take my remaining command back to Gaine ville.
This was done in a car that remained there during the night, a car that had a i ted in carryinO' the negroe to Marietta, and two car ent ba k from I
12

Ga~sville. The men of the Marietta o. were brougbt to Gainesville with in truetions from Captain Way to return to Marietta ia Atlanta.
Both Lts. Neal and A hford are to be commended as to the way they handled the men and engaged the transportation before my arrival. It wa no easy ta k to get car for the work. all owner' were loath to let them out to assi t in aceomplishing an undeirable end.
The men are to be commended for the eagerness with which they responded to th caJl.
However, I trongly adyiBe tha a much larger force be ent to the trial a~ th m n in the commnuity of the two crime bave a\\'akeu d 0 tbe fact that they erred in not attempting to eff ct a lynching before and after the troop reach d 11 .. c' ne. A very large force ay four companie will keep down disordeJ', whereas a small force will only b making trouble) and there will mo t certainly h blood-sbed, wbic:h every one desire to avoid.
J EN M. FRAY,
aptain Troop F. 2d quad Cav. N. G. Ga. ompany F. 3d Bat. Jnfy. N. G. Ga.
E

Mariet a Ga. Sept. 8 1912.

From: ommanding Officer o. F. 3d. Bat. Infy. G. Ga.

To: Th djutant General. ta of Georgia.

ubject: RIOT DUTY Ul\! 11_-G, GA., SEPT 7TH, ] 912.

pon your Telephone Order~ to me at 12:] 0 p. m. . t. 7th, 191~ I mu tered 2 officers and 24 men

1 ] a po. Ible and 1 ft in H avy Marching Order

m th rmory at 1 :50 p. m., via automobiles for

u. ht

~

a. n

and the fir. t macbine with reached umming at 4 p.

myself and ill. and the

? h machine with balance of ompany arrived at

Illt rval of 5 to 10 minute a art, I at once took my

men to the ounty Jail and re orted to Captain Fray

ho w on the cene with hi men. Quiet had been

13

re tored and very little disorder in the town at any part of same. Captain Fray and myself conferred and decided best plan to restore complete order and harmony would be to move the 6 negro pri oner from jail at Cnmming. t the direction of Captain Fray 1 took charge of all of the prisoners and brought them to Marietta and had them locked in the Cobb County Jail at 8 :40 p. m. Sept. 7th, 1912. In order to make room for the six pri oners I had to ecure one of the machine of aptain Fray and al 0 }lad to leave three of my men on duty with Captain Fray at Cumming as hown by enclo ed Ii t of officers and men participating.
Andrew Ben on, a youno' man ao-reed to take 3 men in his machine to umming and about G or miles from Marietta some one telephoned out to n farmer and told him to return to Marietta, which he did taking the three men back with him, they were later picked up by Sero-eant Holland and ru hed to Cumming in his Machine which was badly damao-ed by hi tryinO' to make up the time 10 t by Ben on refu jng to carry the men through.
1 enclo e list with nnme and rank of officcl'. ;Ill 1 men taking p{lrt in thi~ duty, also receipt from Deput~r Sheriff and Jailor of Cobb County for the f, pri oners turned over to him.
After arriving in Marietta last night 1 telephonecl (}o\'erl1or Brown advi ing' him in person of our ucceo !' fnd the outcome of tbi duty.
W. A. WAY, Captain Commandino-.
F
('U:\BIIKG DUTY (SECOND TOUR).
Atlanta, Ga., Oct. 5th, ] !n~. From: The OfTicer Commanding the Provisional
Battalion of the Fifth Inft., in For~yth County. To: The Adjutant General, State of Georgia.
14

ubject: ACTIVE DUTY L- FORSYTH COU_~TY.
1. In compliance with R. . O. o. -2 which c illplie with letter from your office to the ommanding Officer 5th Inft. relative to active duty in For ytb 'olmty, dated September 30th, 1912, I report a follow :
2. Tith a Battalion composed of 17 officer and
r1 enlisted men (and five team tel' picked up at
Buford, Ga.), with si.- prisoners. We left Atlanta over the Southern Railway for Buford, Ga. about 12 :00 noon, October 2, reaching Buford about 1 p. m. where we had dinner. Loading our wagons we beO"an our march for Cumming. We reached the "E te Hou e" one and one-half mile from Cumming, where I had intended to spend the night, about 6 :30 p. m. It was already dark, one company was placed a guard around the Camp. Shelter tents were put up and upper was served and the men retired very early. About midnight Qne of the
entrie heard or thought he heard or aw omeone coming toward his po t he chalenged twice and then fired. The officer of the guard inve tigated
and reported to me and camp wa not di tur'bed b
th occurrence. We were up at daylight th next momina' and march d rapidly on into umminO'~ wher we e tabli bed Camp at tbe Court Hou e.
3. I allowed the pri oner to have an interview ith their attorney at Buford, then again at the te Hou e. The trial judge and tbe beriff also
out to tbe E. te Hou e to see u and advi ed . h me to plan for the trial.
4. in tru ted !he offic~r under me to make every if to make frIend Wl~b the leading citizens and found that we were maklDg good headway in tbis matt.er w ought out t11 ourt Official the County O~CI~] the City Official, the JUdg~ elect, the OlIcltor-GeneraJ eJ ct. the Legi lator elect the memher of the Bar an J many oth I' and tri~(f to
15

make ourselves friendly and affable and to show them that we were citizens as well as soldier and that we were anxious to carry out our orders without friction.
I believe the succe s of our trip depended largely on this' and I wish to commend the officers under me for their success along these lines. I wish to state that the Judge had made it easy for us to do this by issuing admission cards, subject to my approval, to these men saying in most instances who they were.
I believe that we made friends of every man we came in contact with and I am sure the officer and the men under me thoroughly appreciated the courteous manner in which we were treated.
5. Military dicipline was at all times rigid, the men were not allowed to carry on conversation with the people, they understood the seriousness of our duties, they were not allowed to talk loudly or ing or in any way conduct themselves in a way to offend the people, they understood the seriousness of our position. Their guns were 'Carried loaded at all time and they were informed that to handle them recklessly or to unload them would subject them to di ciplinary measures, they were informed that to take a drink of intoxicant meant a court martial.
The people were made to understand that even though we were friendly it would not be wise or safe to tamper with us, that we were strictly for busines. and that the prisoner woulcl be protected at all hazards.
6. We left Cumming about 10 :00 0 'clock the morning of the 4th reaching Atlanta about 5 :00 p. m. We turned the prisoners over to the jailor of Fulton County, receipt for which is enclosed.
7. I am enclosing vouchers for expenses marked J o. 4. The subsistence of 40 centS' per man per day think i too low for a precedent.
. The trip demonstrated the very great need of Army wagons for services of this kind it is about a
16

easy to get suitable guns and ammunition in the country as it is to get uitable wagons for transportation.
A Battalion of thi size hould carry three Army wagons. One for Headquarters, carrying subsis. tence, ammunition, ho pital supplies, etc., then one waO'on every two Companie .
Another very nece ary thing i" hoe for the men. It is an impb ition for them to have to wear out more than they get paid for the trip, and tbe ordinary low cut high beel light hoe that a great many of tbe men wear is an impediment for the command and cause orne of the be t soldiers to become a burden to the orO'anization.
9. Medical report, Inclosure o. 5. 1. T. CATRON,
Maj. 5th Infy. . G. of Ga.
INCLOS RE 5 TO MAJOR CATRON'S REPORT.
Atlanta, Ga., Oct. 7th, 1912.
From: Major . H. Lindorme, Medical Corps N. G. Ga.
To: The Adjutant General of Ga. (Tbrougb Military hannels.)
Subject: MEDICAL REPORT OF RIOT DUTY AT UMMING, GA.
In compliance of S. O. No. 52-2, I accompanied a Battallion of 5th. ReO't. in command of Major 1. T. Catron, con i tin~ of 172 Officer and men, inc1u ive of one medical officer and four enli ted men of ho "pital corp detachment, to Cumming Ga. and return, Oct. 2d to 4th inclu ive. Tbe command traveled by rail to Buford. Ga. then marched to Cumming, Ga., a di tanee of ] 3 mile. Tbe return trip was made the same way. Time con umed in bike up wa about 4 nours; left Buford 2 :30 p. m. arrived at temporary
17

to"Wn in short order. On return trip the time conumed in hike was about 6 hour, 9 :30 a. m. to 3 :20 p. m. 'l'he endurance of the troops was plendid on both hikes, notwith tanding the fact that road had become heavy by the hard rain of the night before.
At temporal' camp water was used from a large spring acro s the road from camp. The open pit was used for refuse and properly covered before leavino- camp. Cooking was done by enlisted men of command.
At Cumming the command "as camped in the court house square. A well on square furni hed water, "ood for cooking wa hauled in by one of our escort "agons. The cooking was done by detail on the t"o field ranges taken with us. The cooking was well done, the food was wholesome and well served.
The toilets in the court house were used by the troops. Kitchen refuse was buried in pits at the two kitchen tents. Before leaving the court house square was policed by the men and left in a clean condition. The health of the battalion was good on this trip, no sickness except of a minor nature (digestive disturbance) and a few blistered feet. The medical equipment consisted of one detached medical-surgical chest, two "all tents, the pouche (medical) were carried by the men litter. The per onal of sanitary unit con i ted of one Major M. . one Sergeant, three private fir t class ho pitaI corps.
A. H. LIXiJOR1I1E.
G C'"CJDIL G DUTY (THIRD TOUR).
Atlanta, Ga., Oct. 29, 1912. From: The Commanding Officer Detachment 5th
Inft. in Forsyth County. To: The Adjutant General, State of Georgia. Subject: Fn'AL REPORT ACTIVE DUTY IN FORSYTH
COUNTY. ir: 1. In compliance with O. No. 191 from your
18

office to the Commanding Officer 5th Inft., relative to the Active duty in Forsyth County dated Oct. 24th, 1912, I report a follows:
2. We left Atlanta four thirty P. L Oct. 24th ] 91:2, for Cumming, Forsyth Co., by way of Buford. We went over the Southern Railroad to Buford reaching that point about ix o'clock. We had supper at Buford at the Hotel and owing to the fact that only a few men could be fed at a time we did not get away before eight-thirty.
3. We carried eleven officers and ei O'hty-seven men and the two pri oner , 0 car Daniel and Ernest Knox. We had an uneventful trip acros the country (about 15 mile) reaching Cumming about onethirty a. m.
4. Upon our arrival one platoon was placed on guard and the re t of the men were allowed to make them elve a comfortable as they could in the Court Hou e. ,Vo "ere up at five o'clock and had break-. fa t.
5. The heriff met u at the ourt Hou e when "e arriyed there and promi ed me that he would have the execution at the very earlie t hour pos ible under the law (10 :00 0 'clock a. m. 9 :00 0 'clock Atlanta time.) He informed me that the gallows had been huilt about one-balf mile from tbe Court House that h had built a fence around it but it had been torn down and burned about two or tbree hours before our arri\-al. I a. k him if he did not intend to have i rebuilt, but he aid he could not get the lumber for th t purpo. e. I had noticed a tack of lumber on our
into town and I told him I would have the himput on the round and furnish him any number m n from my command to put it up but he declined hi 11: r ithout comment.
. I liev(> the legal re ponsibility of the execun.on re ted upo~ the heriff, that it wa my duty to
e all protechon nece ary in carrying it out, and a1. 0 that it wa my duty to maintain law and order in the community but the technique of the actual
19

execution I had nothing to do with any more than I would ha\e been ju tilled in undertaking to dictate to the Trial Judge a to how the jury should have been drawn or any other technical point in the tJ:ial of the prisoner or to the Sheriff a to where the gallows hould be built or the hour the execution should take place. A long as I could give the proper protection and otherwi e carry out the instructions given me from your office and put into effect the proclamation i u d by the Governor.
7. I had every reason to believe that the Sheriff wa entirely in ympathy with the would be mob, that he elected the place for the gallow solely that the fence might be torn away and the pectators miO'ht have a good view of the execution. I believe that he connived with the mob in tearing away the wall and that hi. own henchmen actually did the work. A I haye aid he proIllli ed that the execution hould take place early in order that the crowd would not have time to ather and po ibly get boi terou and unruly. H at the arne time advi ed the doctors who were to be witne e to the execution not to come until 12 0 'clock; that the execution would not take place until that time and the facts remain that it did not take place until that time. Notwithstanding my effort to hay it over with and avoid complication, J believe that he wa playinO' with the law for political advantage and woull l,ave welcomed an opportunity to openly e pou e the ide of the mob. He was boi terou and went out where every body could ee him and wre tled with a younO' man dra!ri.nO' him down the hill by the foot and in other way trying to create a cene the mob around the fence were contantly callinO' to him to let them know when he needed them and he would call back to them that he would do 0, he wa constantly yelling to the people around the fence out ide. He insisted on wearing hi revolver where everybody could see it. His son al 0 carried a revolver all the time. The Sheriff so onducted himself t.hat if the entence of the court
20

could have been carried out without bim I would have placed him lmder arre t for inciting to riot.
I believe there hould be a law enabling a governor to u pend from office a beriff so openly in accord with insurrection.
. I felt at all time that we could handle the situation. I believe that we could have put up the fence with but little danger to our elve and if it had been necessary we could have handled the crowd, notwith tandino- thel'e wa between six or eight thousand people there and we had only eio-hty-one rifles, of eour e, the mo t of the e people were merely idle spectators but there wa a large element of vicious and lawle people and we had no way of di tingui hing them. The officer and men were cool and steady and di cipline was perfect and I felt tbat every man could be relied upon.
9. There wa a wire fence almost entirely around the field in which the gallow wa ituated. The people were kept on tbe out ide of thid fence I would say that this field wa at 1 a t 100 yard acros and nearly qual'e. The o-allow wa placed within 60 or 80 feet from one ide of tbi fence. The large t part of the crowd boweyer, wa on the oppo ite side of the field from tbi place a they bad a better view from the hill above. I allowed about twenty people within the enclosure evel'al new paper men, some two or three heriff from adjoining countie and a few relative of the heriff of For yth County and the member. of th family of the young lady upon whom the crill wa~ committed for which the pri 'oner were executed. ~ line of entinel were placed around the field with instruction to inform anyone tryino- to pa the line that they would be hot if they came through. and then to hoot if their orders were not obeyed.
10. I had heard a l'umor that if the bodie of the pri oner were left at umming they would be burned, 0 I thought be t to bring the bodies along which I did they were turned over to a representa-
21

tive of the State Anatomical Board at Atlanta.
n. We left umming about 12 :30 took an hour
for dinner reaohed Buford at five thirty, making fifteen miles in ju t four hours, this after marching nearly all the night before and having very strenuou guard duty performed intervenin<Y. It wa .a pretty severe te t for men practically unaccu tomed to such work. There were a good many sore feet, showinO' again the need of proper kind of hoes, but upon a whole they tood the trip fine and very cheerfully and promptly responded to every demand made of them.
12. The expen e account will be ubmitted a oon as it can be gotten too'ether.
I. T. CATRON, :Maj. 5th Inft. N. G. of Ga.
IKCLo URE TO MAJOR CATRO~' REPORT.
Atlanta Ga. Oct.:2 , 1912. From: {ajor A.. H. Lindorme, Medical Corp N. G.
Ga.
To: The Adjutant General State of Georgia. (Through Military Channels.)
ubject: RIOT DUTY, CUMMING, GA., Oct. 24-25, 1912. The detachment of troops under command of Major I. T. Catron, which I was ordered to accom-
pany with two H. C. men consisted of n Officers and
78 men, total 98, inclusive of Sanitary detachment. The troops left Atlanta on the four o'clock train
over the Southern. At Buford supper was served on arrival and by eight we were off on the hike to Cumming. The weather was ideal, cool and bright moonlight, with roads in O'ood condition we made good time. At 1 :30 a. m. the command reaohed the ~ourt house, in Cumming.
A good breakfa t at the two hotel" (both hotels were used to facilitate the serving and horten the
22

time) put the men in good hape for the days work.
The town began to fill up with people very fa t. And it oon became evident that the bitter feeling a ain t the negroe was still very much alive. So much 0 that Major Catron and the writer thought it hetter in order to prevent further trouble, to bring the bodies back to Atlanta with the troop. The writer called Dr. Selman over long di tant phon, and arranO"ed with hi mto bring the bodies to ~ tlanta at the expense of the Anatomical Board and for their
u~e.
With the help of the Sheriff-elect, team were engaged, also the local undertaker furnished a casein which to tran port the bodies.
The fence around the gallows had been torn down and burned by the mob. The ground selected by the
heriff for the execution could not have been better for the purpo e to let the thou ands of people who O'athered to see it well done by him, THE SHEBIFF. It made on the writer the iri:lpre sion of an execution a wa indulged in in the early time of the 18th rentury.
One phy ician of the two appointed by the court to he pre ent wa on hand at the time set. In order that no further delay would take place the writer acted in place of one of the doctors bv invitation of
heriff. and consent of the commanmnO' officer. The trap wa prung at 12 m. 12:11 the heart topped heating at 12 :15 the bodie were cut down placed in h crude coffin loaoed on the wagon and the march o. uford h~gun, which was reached about 5 p. m.
I h h 1 tance of r. ew of the Southern Railhe writer procured ticket and filled out the
n d paper. to tran port th bodie into Atlanta.
h troop. di. played good fortihlde under the ork done. dLcipline wa . plendid, and the health ill ood' the u ual bli tered feet from bad shoe wa with us.
A. N. LINDOBME.
23

H
REPORT OF AUGU TA RIOT.
RMORY, UGU TA. GA.
October 2:'d, 1912,
SEPTEMBER 27TH.
To: Adjutant General, State of Georgia. From: Commanding Officer.
Your orders received over the telepbflue at 1 :10 a. m., eptember 27th, ( ee" Inclo ure 1.") Al 0 copy of telephone me sage and order confirming arne. AI 0 received information from you over tbe telephone, wbich information wa later confirmed by receipt of tele!ITam and proclamation (see Inclosures 2 and 3), that proclamation of martial law would be forwarded by mail in tbe morning and for me to 0 inform the Mayor of arne.
Immediately after receipt of this teleg-ram I receiv-. ed a telephone mes age from Lieut. Petit tating tbat Capt. J,owitt had informed him tbat he bad been at a meeting with tbe Mayor and tbat tbe Mayor bad informed him of a conver ation he had had with th Governor over the telephone, and tbat Capt. .Towitt had gone to a . emble hi Company. I then directed Lieut. Petit' to report to tbe Armory to notif:- . ucb officer a he migbt be able to find. M~T telephone seemed then to be out of commi sion so I immerHately dre ed and hurried to the Armory wbere I found Lieut. Petit and Capt. Demp. ey awaitinO' on the out ide.
I then directed Capt. Dempsey to a emhle bi. troop and directed Lieut. Petit to assist Capt. Jowitt in a semblyinO' bi ompany. I then allecl up the Police Headquarter and findinO' Lieut. Hatcher on duty, reque. ted him to vi it me at th 'lll101'Y in order to get a full idea of the ituation. He reported hortly afterwards and tated that at about -ten o'clock, p. m.. of September 2fith. a moh had formed
24

and marched on the Power Plant and had as aulted some of the men therein, and that there were several men injured; that the crowd had been dispersed by the police, but that he expected trouble again on Friday morning or Friday night. He stated that the P,olice Department had been continuou lyon duty for some time, and that they would have to 00ntinue on duty the next day. I then excused him. Then called the Mayor over the telephone and he gave me practically the same repoTt. I requested the Mayor to see that I would have thirty-five hor es by daylight, which request he immediately granted.
I called up an agency service and requested three men to report to me by seven o'clock, whioh they did, and I sent them to different parts of the City where I expected trouble to get informatioll for me (thi service was ecured without expense to the State).
At 4 :00 a. m., a report was received from a party whom I initialed "M. S. ", that an attack was contemplated beinO' made, between 8 :00 and 10:00 a. m., on the motormen and the policemen who were tationed a guards on the cars.
As soon as the company commanders reported, I instructed them not to allow any man to leave the Armory except by special permis ion, and ave them strict QTder not to allow any man to go into a saloon, nor allow any liquor to be brouO'ht into the Armory.
At 8:00 a. m., called for a report of the aptain as to the number of men in the Arml()ry, and found as follow:
Company B. Two Officer , Twenty-nine men; Company A. Three Officer, Thirty-one men Company D. One Officer, Twenty-eight men. Troop K. Three Officers, Twenty-three men One Adjutant and urgeon Capt. Battey'
Making a total of one field, two taff officer , nine line officef1S and one hundred and eleven men. 8:30 A. :M.
25

At about :30 a. m., report from initial (( A t. L.. , that there was no trouble at Lombard.
At 2 ::!5 p. m., I had everal conferences with the Mayor and Chief of Police in regard to the ituation and sent the following telegram. (See "Inclo ure 14 and 15," Page 48).
At about 3 :30 p. m., initial (( A st. H," reported that at about 1 :15 p. m. he had met everal bricklayers who tated to him that they had quit work under orders from their President to go out. lIe al 0 reported that at about 11 :00 a. m., he had met a crowd at the corner of 1cKinne and Broad Street who tated that all would 0'0 out of work except l'\arber~ and hotel help, and that they understood that the militia would u e blanks or would fire over the head of the mob.
t about four o'clock p. m. the 1[ayor cullen 011 me at the rmory and advi ed that I place prot ('tion at the Barn and Power Plant, and he all"O stat cl that there had been threat made again t the Ele hie- Railway Terminal Rtation.
On thi. information I laid out my plans, i,. n 1 Fi eld Order o. 1 ("ee "IncIo ure 2 ," Page 5 ). as embled the Offic r' together and O'ave them intruetion on riot dut}, pointin o' out particular Paragraph, ; also a,e them a map of the City. outlining' the ituation and showinp' them the location of the two Power Plants, the Railway Terminal Station and the lower Barn. Gave them spe inl in truction. a to the Power Plant, that thi mu t be thoroughly protected and the approaches thereto O'uarded and dir cted each commandinO' officer to instruct hi men that in ca e of an attack to hold the mob back 1y per uasion if po ible, but should an attempt be made to force the guard and break throuO'h the lines, to hoot, if no other mean:would stop them.
At :five o'clock p. m., Lieut. YounO', of the cavalry. reported a detachment ready for duty and at 5 :02, I directed him to proceed to the Power Plant. At
26

5 :10 p. m. he reported to me, by telephone, from the Power Plant informing me of his arrival and stated that all wa quiet. After the Infantry arrived at the Power Plant Lieut. Young returned to the Armory.
At 5 :20 p. m. Capt. Henderson reported by telephone from fargaret Wright Ho pital, and at 5 :4~ arrived at Power Plant.
Lieutenant Petit reported by tel phone rioting at Power Plant and a ked for a istance. I immediatel" ordered the detachment under Lieut. Young to pro~eed to the Plant at once. Hi WT'Itten report i attached. marked "Inc1o ure 96." AI 0 directed
urgeon Capt. Battey to Proceed to the Plant. ~~t 6 :06 Oaptain J owitt reported by telephone that yere rioting wa O'oinO' on at Pow l' Plant; that one wa killed and two severely wounded. At 6 :07 directed Lieut. William on by telephone to proceed from Lower Car Barn to Power Plant in all ha.. t ; hi. written report i atta hed marked "In10. nr . 94." Page 100. _\ t () :30 p. m., Dr. Battey returned reporting ~ yere fhinO' and ome wounded, and about ame time the ) [;:1 yOI' and Chief of Police arrived at Armory, and with them I immediately went to the Power Ron e and a umed charO'e of the ituation. I immediately placed Captain J owitt and Hendel' on in temporary arre. t and later i ued Order No. ] 1. e 'Inclo nre 3 ," PaO'e 63).
I r (' i" d con tant report by telephone of the exrite<! condition of the reopl ; that an a embly would
held at th ourt Bou e and that it wa the pinion of the peopl on the tre t that the Power an onld b attacked that night. I immediately arran ed the troop in anticipation of uch an attack b. ?rd ring my r ~rve at the ~ rmory under Captain HaID and the gathn gun, nnder Lieutenant Smith
to report to the Power Phmt, apt. Hains to accom~
pany the gun with his entire command with the exception of a !'malJ detail- left to guard the Armory,
27

and kept the cavalry troop on patrol duty for several Mock in front of and around the Plant.
Dater reque ted the Mayor a~d heriff to report to me, and explained the situation to them and that I expected them to control the mob and that I would not send any troops from the Power Hou e unle they could not handle the situation in the City, as I was of the opinion that the Plant would not be attacked. The crowd did a: emble at the Court Hou e
and the report that were made to me over the
telephone were of a very excitinO' nature stating' that the crowd wa thorouO'hly excited and that the speeche made were of an exciting nature, thouO'h quite a number of prominent men endeavored to qui t them, but their efforts eemed to have but little effect. I sent one of my non-commi sioned
officers to the Court House and upon hi return he
reported to me that there were about eiO'bteen hundred people in and about the Oourt Hou e, with a larO'e string of automobile in front thereof. When the crowd left the Court Hou e and started up Broad
tr et I wa kept thoroughly advised of their movements and when the halted at ,Jackson Street, I then felt confident that they would proceed no further. especially, a~ I was advised that the rank had be ('orne thinner.
I reported the ihlation to the Adjutant General, over the telephone, and he advi en me that he had already telegraphed ro1. 0 'Leary to proceed to Au~u ta; that he would also be down and that he was ending' me n copy of hi. telegram SEPTEMBER 2 TH 19] 2.
The Adjutant General and Tbe Oolonel of the First Infantry arrivec1 in Augusta and went ovpr the ituation. Several conference were hplfl wit.h the fayor. at which it was decided that anothf'r tro0n of cavalry wa. to be ent here. It was reported at one o th f:e conference thnt a large crowfl of lHlion
en ann ympathizer from along- th interurban
2

line of the Augusta-Aiken Railway Company would join in a demonstration Saturday night, and in view of this report it W1a decided to place an embargo on persons com'ing into Augusta from South Carolina, and the Mayor instructed the Ohief of Police to allow no .one to come over either of the two bridges into the City. Had large ign printed and placed one hundred feet in front of and uround Power Plant, warning the public not to pa .
Troop A. o.f Savannah was ordered to ugusta. They arrived and reported to 001. 0 'Leary and remained under his command in the City and left Sunday morning.
There were several report of minor di turbance along the line of the treet Railway and one party by the name of W. E. Wall made a written tatement which I enclose. (See "Indo ure 44," Page 65). Another party, by the name of Joe Hampton, telephoned of a di turbance. ( ee" Inclo ure 45, " Page 66). In con equence of the e everal report I directed a letter to the Mayor and hief of Police, reque ting them to call upon me at 10 :00 a. m. Sunday. Copy of my letter ha been misplaced, but copy of the {ayor' an weI' thereto will be found in ("Inclosure 46," Page 66).
SEPT~MBEB 29TH, 1912.
At about 10:00 a. m., Mr. Spofford of the Railroad Company, called upon me and reported that the Augusta-Aiken Railroad car had been attacked several time by a crowd. (ee "Inclo ure 49," Page 68).
At about 10 :00 a. m., the {ayor and the .:- , itant hief of the Fire Department ani"'ed at the Power Plant, where I informed them of the nature of the reports received, both a to the actions again t the motormen and the conductor and aloof the crowd gathered on May Avenue. The Mayor .cautioned Chief Schaufele of the Fire Department, that a tbi disturbance eemed to have been in front
29

of the Engine Hou e on Fifteenth treet that he hould in pect same and ee that none of his men were implicated, and for him to use hi best effort to prevent its recurrence. Chief Schaufele did in\'e tigate it and found that Mr. Spofford's report \fa correct, with the exception that the disturbance \fa at May Avenue and Fourteenth treet, and he . aid that he would assist in preventing the recurrence of the di turbance.
About this time the Chief of Police arrived and ~ tated that on account of the fago'ed out condition of the police force he had only one patrol for pre ent duty and could render but little a istance, and that having received a report of the di turbance on May Avenue he had already sent the patrol to Fifteenth
treet, but that he hoped to have hi~ Department again in hape in a fe,,- day, a oon a they could get a little rest.
t about eleyen o'clock a. m., ::Jlr. Deal of the Rail\fay ompany, called and made practically the arne report that Mr. pofford had made, and reo que ted protection for hi men, a well a for hi. property. The Mayor and hief of Police were pre ent. The Chief of Police wished to go on record that he could not furnish protection now. Mr. Deal then a ked permission to arm his men while they \fere on the cars. I informed him that thi could be done provided hi men were worn in a policemen or as deputy heriffs. The Mayor refused to swea r them in as policemen ayinO' that he did not know the character of men employed on the car. As 1 did not deem it proper that the militia should do this duty I directed Mr. Deal to remove the cars from the lines and return them to the Barn until I could communicate with the Adjut.ant General, and ~ave him a written order. ( ee "Inclosure 33," Page 61).
At about 12 :35 p. m. Mr. ~f. C. Holly and Mr. E. O. Cooper, member of Council called on me and l'eque. ted me to enter their proteut in reO'ard to the
30

strike-brenker~. I r que. te(l them to vut it in writ-

ino-. whieh wn. (lone by- :J[r. Holley-. ( ee "lnclo ure

57, ' P:we 75). I a ked :JIr. Cooper what he thoua-ht

of the Military and he I' plied "1 have the highe t

respect for the :Military."

Then called Adjutant General over the telephone,

I1factically givina- the entire situation. which wa

confirmed by telegram copy of which i hereto attached. ("lnclo ure 15," Pacye 4 ).

During the morning there were seyeral rumor

that an attempt would be made to dynamite the Power TIou e. At about 2 :30 a c uncilman. :Jlr.
, am :Jlyer , informed me of the above rumor and
tated that he had it from cyood information that
uch an attempt was contemplated. The rumor wa that the approach to th Plant would b throuo'h an underground ~ewer which pa~ ed directly underneath the Plant. Durin o' the entire mornin~' 1 had cavalry patr lout, covering the approaches to th ew r. FinalI~', I decided to make a thorouo-h inn.. tiu-ation, called for yolunteer. , apt. .Towitt, erp;t. :JIaj. Gwin and 1. t Rerg . :J1. , . Levy of Troop K.

re pon led an(l "e It through the entire length of
thi .. ewer. Their I' port "a. practically a follo,,!'::
That they went thr011O'h tll . e"er, could find no
('vidence of . uch a plot except that one of the man-
hole. wa. open and that near it wa found a lonfl' oil of wire rope. long noug'h to allow a per~on to de. r('nel to th bottom of the sewer.

t about :30 recei - c1 your telephone order nil' ting me to reduce the for to fort, mell and hre officer~. di. mounted and confin n1'....e1, for the
l' n to guardin~ Barns and Po"er Hon. e.. ~\ t It ut 10:10 your telegram wa. receiyed, (Inclo~ure



e 41) : the next day the confirmation (''In-

clo ul' 5. Page 42). "a. received. there bein

om di cl'epancie. h t" en th telegram and the confirmation.

t ahout :()(). L ned Order Xo. 7 ( ee "lnclo...ure

31

34," Page 62); at 8 :40 i sued Order o. 10 ( ee "Inclosure 37," Page 63).
Company E. returned to their home station. (See "Inclosure 88," Page 94), for report.
Sh<>rtly after Order No. 10 had been received, the Commander of Troop K. rep<>rted that the Troop requested permission to remain at the Power Plant the balance of the night. The C<>mmanders of the Companies that were relieved from duty al 0 made the same request. These requests were granted with a feeling of deep appreciation of the loyalty the men had displayed, especially in view of the fact that they knew this additional service would be without remuneration.
From the 30th of September until the 11th of October the military duty was confined to the guardino- of the Power Plant and the Lower Barn, though a great deal of my time was occupied in inve tio-ating the several ane tJs made by the Police Department and held for the military authoritie. Al 0 had daily conf rence with the :Mayor and Sheriff, and wired you the ituation daily. (See telegram of October 3d, . 'Inclo ure 1 ," Page 50, telegram of October 4th, 'Inclo ure 19," Bage 50).
October 7th "Inclo ure 21," Pao-e 52, and October 10th ' Inclo ure 23," Pao-e 53, and letter of October 5th, ' Inc10 me 20," Pao- 51). All of the cases of arre t by the Police Department and held for military authorities, "With the exception of those mentioned hereinafter ("Inclo ure 38," Page 63), upon investigation, were found not to come under military juri diction and same w re relea ed.
On September 30th. received letter from the Augusta-Aiken Railway Corporation reo-arding the Company' cal being retained in the Barns. (Copy of same, my an weI' thereto and dispusition will he found in "Inclo ure 50, 51, 52," Page 68 and 70. On arne date I directed letter to the Augu ta-Aiken Railway Corporation in regard to the report made by the Chief of Police. (See "Inclosure 53 and 54,"
32

Pao-e 71, and the approval of the Mayor, juri diction wa relea ed on this part. and he was ent out of town by the Company.
Having been informed hat there wa aloin the County Jail, two negroe under military authority, inve tigation was made and found that tbere was no occasion to hold them, and the jailor wa directed to relea e tbem. (See "Inclo ure 58," PaO"e 76).
On October 2nd, I received report from Chief of Police regarding J es ie W. Heeps. (" Inclo ure 59 " Pao-e (6). Having found upon inve tigation, that it came more particularly under civil juri diction, J. W. Heep was released.
On October 2d, received report from bief of Police regarding John charmitzky .01' violation of Proclamation relative to beinO" in a near beer aloon. ( ee Inclo ure 60," PaO"e 77). Upon investigation it 'Wa found that tbis party was the clerk of Fred Lackman and bad been ent to Lackman place by Lackman, to clean up. The facts were laid before the Judge Advocate General, while in the City, and he directed the relea e of Mr. charmitzky, and that Mr. Lackman, the propri tor, be beld on hi own reeognizance, and tated .ha. he Wlould place the matter before you.
On October 2d, tbere wa. publi hed in the Afl,l-gusta Chronicle ("Inclo ure 4,' PaO"e 91). Proclamation of Mayor and beriff, which was approved to make effective.
On October 3d received a I tter from . W. Wilson wbich he aid wa copy of letter he ent you. ("Inclo ure 7" Page 93).
On October 5tb, I ordered a ummary ourt to be held at the Power Plant. ( 'Inclosure 40," Page 64). Als tbis party bad been confined in the jail, I directed the jailor to release him. ("Inclosure 72," PaO"e 2). Upon inve tiO"ation I found that there wa. nothing very eriou in thi ca e; thi party bad flickered a cinder at a motorman on a car. The fin lin o' of the
33

Oourt Martial were ent you on the 1 th in t, approved by me.
On October 6th, directed the relea e of one of the men carried to the ounty jail. ("Inclosure 69," Page 81).
I enclose copy of two letter ("Inclosures 70 and 73," Page 82 and 83), merely as a matter of information. In this connection, will state that laS far as could po sibly be a certained, the prohibition on the ale of intoxicants was maintained but we found that a great deal of intoxicants had been imported into the Oity from acro the River; al 0 that shipment were being received from the railroad and expre company and were being peddled on the treet. To prevent this peddling on the streets, issued a circular to the several railroad in regard to same, copy of which i hereto attached. ("Inelo ure 61 to 6 ," Page 7 to 81), and has remained in effect until thi date, and relieved by reque t of the Mayor. (See "Inclosure 5," Page 92).
On October 9th, order havino- been re tored, by application, approved by the Mayor and Sheriff of the Oounty, the pool-room were allowed to be opened provided no di turbance occurred otherwi e, thi order permittin o' tbem to open would be immediately revoked. ( ee "Inclo ure 74," Page 83).
On October 10th, at 10 :30 p. m., received a telephone communication from Mr. am Olive, attorney in regard to the tatement of Mr. Spofford of an affair which occurred on the treet between AI'. Spofford of the ugu ta-Aiken Railway Oorporation and a Mr. Corneliu one of the Officer of the malgamated Railroad sociation. A the conver. ation was quite lengthy I reque ted bim to reduce it to writing, which he stated he would do, and arne wa received by me on the morninO' of the 11th, copy of which i hereto attached. (See "Inelo ure 81," Pao-e 89). I informed II'. Olive that I did not deem thi matter to be a ubject of military juri di~tion, and sugge. ted that he bould ee the 'bief of Police or
34

the Mayor which he tated he would do, and reque ted an appointment with me at my office the next morning at 9 :30. I granted Mr. Olive' request but he failed to keep his appointment.
On October 11th, received your lett rs of October 10th. ( ee "Indo ure 7 and 8" Page 42 and 44). On arne date received copie of telegrams from ~[r. Boykin Wright to Hon. Jos. M. Brown, Governor; also from the Governor to Mr. Wright and to ,Judo'e Henry . Hammond. ("Inclosures 80, 82, and 3." Pages 87 to 90). My reply to your letters of October 10th, i contained in my report of October 11th. ( ee "Indo ure 26," Page 54).
On October 11th at 4 :50 p. m., received your telegram in regard to again ordering out reserve troops at thi tation, ("Indo ure 10," Page 45), and acknowledged same at 5 :00 p. m. I immediately notified the Officer to a emble their men at the Armory. At 8 :30 Col. M. J. O'Leary arrived at the Armory and a umed harge of the ituation. From then until the 1 th in t. my dutie were confined entirely to the Troops. At 8 :30 ompany E. arrived at the Armory mth thr e Officer and twenty- even men. At 10 :40 the report of the Companie at the Armory were as follows:
Trook K. One Officer. twenty-two men' ompany A. Two Officer fourteen men;
Company B. One Officer, eventeen men' omp-any D. One Offi~er, nineteen men;
These were supplemented by additional men during the night. At mid-night I directed ompany E. to report to the Power Hou e and relieve the Companies there on duty for twelve hour , the two ompanie there to go on twelve hour tour. ompany E. remained at the Power House until releived, on the 14th. Report of this Company will be found in ("Indo ure 9" Page 95).
On October 14th received report from heriff Clark of the hooting of one of the deputie on the ] lth, ("Inclo. ure 75,76, 77," Page 84 and 85) and
35.

upon inve tigation, p rty was released from military juri diction. (See' Inclosure 86," Page 93). At 6 :00 P. M. ompanie at Armory were relieved by order of 01. O'Leary.
On the 16th of October, at 6 :30 p. m. received a telephone me age from Col. 0 'Leary directing me to assemble three mpanie at the Armory. I immediately directed the three aptain to as emble their Companie at the Armory. t 11 :00 p. m. the report of the Companie. a the Armory were a follows:
Company A. Two Offi~e ~. twenty-two men; ompany B. Two Officer, twenty-two men'
Company D. Two Officer, eventeen men: These men were held in he Armory all of the 17th of October and until 11 :00 . m. of the 17th. at which time I received a telephone ('ommunication from Col. O'Leary, a follows: rike ati factorily ettIed; relieve Troop. at Armory. Retain Comp'any at Power Plant with Officer,. Coll' uJt the 11ayor in reo-ard to opening saloon . etc. Am leavino- for Savannah. I immediately ransmitted th order. to the Companie ' Commander and relieved the troop at the Armory. On the 19th redu ed the f rce at the Power Hou e, la per your teleo-ram ("Inclo ure 11," Page 46), to cne officer and ten men, which were relieved, a per. your telegram of 21 tin. t .. at 3 :40 p. m. ("Inclo ure 12," Pa o-e 46). Confirmation and H Proclamation of the Governor: receiv d on 0 tober 22d. ("Inclosure 13" Pao-e 47). Accompanyino- thi. report will be found the reports of the ommandino- Officer of the Companie A, B -and D, and r.Iroop K, relative to the dutie they performed. ("Inclo. ure to 96 inc.," Pao-es 94 to 10 ). The Court rartial i.' no mentioned in thi report a it wa fully covered in he report of it proceedino-. Sr ecia1 attenti on is c'1.lled to the prompt a emblino- of the mem erR of the Companie. on each of the
3

threE\ ocrasionR they were called out, as the method in which notice had to be given to them W!a very difficult. The first call WaJS very late at night and at the time great excitement preV'ailed, and it wa deemed unwise to s-ound the riot alarm as it might have frustrated the design of getting the men to the ATmory before the public wa aware of the a embling. So we resorted to the method of notifying the men by me enO'er on bicycle or in automobile and there ha not been a ca e reported of where an order was arctually received that the men did not re pond. Quite a number of the men were out of the ity and when they read the announcement in the morning paper, or got the information that the troop had been ordered -out, they immedi'ately returned to AuO'u ta and reported for duty to the Armory.
I desire to take this opportunity tc) call attention, pe ially, to the ervice rendered by Capt. Jowitt Co. B. 1st Infantry . G. Ga. and the two non-commi ioned officer, to-wit 1 t S rO'eant, M. . Levy, Troop K. 2d Cavalry, and Sergo Major Wm. Gwin, Battalion Staff. I al 0 de ire to expr my appr dation of the hearty co-operation, by tbe M'ayor 'of the City, the Sheriff of thi County and of the Cbief of Police of thi City 'and to the everal citizen who loaned their automobiles for the u e of the militia. The expense account hereto attached. The item for hoI' e hire being a great d al m-ore than the tate rate, hut under the circum tance it being nere. sary that we should have hoI' e ,I informed the
raV01' of A ugn ta of the circum. tance and he im-
meniately directed th'at I should have the hoI' e and that an, amount in ex es of the tate rate, he would see to it that it wa paid.
Paragraph 4- 4, GeorO'ia RegouJation 190 pag-e 140, under whi-ch, no doubt, the e expen e item would come, not being pecific and not limited to the l'1uthority of one per on to contract these expen e . for where there are everal companie on duty and
37

each commanding officer having authority to contract for his company, though they may u e all po sible discretion, unfortunately, they are very apt to
allow the amount to run to quite a considerable sum,
as has been the case in thi in tance. No doubt a great deal of this expen e i due to the fact that we were compelled to purchase the articles in open market and also to the fact that we had to have a great many cooked meal .
As matter of record, enclose report of Lieut. Fletcher covering accident at Power Plant ("Inclo ure 56 " Page 74) . and report of Lieut. Greali h of the arrest of two civilians, a information wa given by parties passing the Power Plant that they had seen the oldiers drinking whiskey. ("Inclosure 79," Page 86).
ABRAM LEVY,
Major 1 t Infy. N. G. Ga.
I CLOSURE 1.
ADJUTANT GENERAL'S OFFICE, Atlanta, Ga. Sept. 27, 1912.
From: The Adjutant Genera], tate of Georgia, To: The Commanding Officer, . G. Ga., Augusta, Ga. Subject: RIOT.
1. The Mayor of AuO'u ta, Ga., report a riot in progress and asks for troop to restore order.
2. Y;ou will turn out all the troops at your station and take charO'e of the situation, reporting your action to the Governor.
3. See General Order o. 8, 1912. 4. Be careful of expenses. By ORDER OF THE GOVER OR.
(Signed) WM. G. OBEAR, The Adjutant General.
COPY:
ATTESTED: ABRAM LEVY, Major 1 t Infry. N. G. Ga. (Confirmed. )
38

NOTE-Delivered to Major Levy at 12.10 a. m. over the telephone. Also advised him to get in touch with the Mayor, and if troopS' were needed to call them out, or only such as would be required.

li~CLOSURE 2. Atlanta, Ga. Sept. 27, 1912.
Major Abraham Levy, Augusta, Ga.
Order and Proclamation sent by mail this afternoon. Arrange with Post-Office to get it promptly.
(Signed) WM. G. OBEAR, The Adjutant General.

A TRUE COPY:

ABRAM LEVY,

(Telegram Confirmed.)

Major 1st Infry. . G. Ga.

INCLOSURE 3. A PROCLAMATION. WHEREAS, upon repre entation made by the Mayor of Augusta, Ga., th'at he ha rea onable cau e to apprehend the outbreak of a riot, tumult, insurrection, mob, unlawful a embly, or combination to oppose the enforcement of the law, by intimidation, force or violence within the juri diction of which he is by law conservator of the peace, which can not be peedily suppre~ed, or effectively prevented by ordinary posse comitatus and peace officer, and such apprehension being deemed well founded, therefore by authority of Code Section 1434 of Vol. 11, Code of Georgia, 1910, 'as amended by an Act of the General As embly approved Augu t 16, 1912 and a required therein I, Joseph L Brown, Governor of the tate of Georgia, de hereby proclaim a state of in urrection in the City of Augusta, Ga. 1. The Military Commander will a sume charO'e of the situation, reporting directly to me for in tructions. 2. 11 person who may have heretofore given aid to or otherwi e .upportpn the lawle . ne hitherto
39

existing in this City, who shall return to peaceful

occupation, holding no communication of any kind

with lawless person or persons, will not be disturbed.

3. All rights of property of whatever kind will be

held as inviolate and will not be disturbed, except

as the exigencies of the public welfare may neces-

sitate, and by direct Command of the Commanding

Officer of the district.

4. All shops and places of business, except a

otherwise ordered by the Military Commander will

be kept open aJS usual in time of peace, and all per-

sons are enjoined to continue their cu tomary peace-

ful occupation.

5. Excepting as herein provided, or wh~re the

existence of Martial Law implies to the contrary, the

usual laws of the community will be in force. Crimes

will be tried by Military Commission or by ivil

Oourts aJS may 'be most pradiCJable, as the Governor

may decide.

.

6. 'No publications, either by new papers, pam-

phlets, hand bill or otherwise, refl~ting in any way

upon the United States, or the State of Georgia, or

their officer , or tending to influence the public mind

against the United States, or the State of Georgia,

or their officers, and no article commenting in any

way on the work or action of the military authoritie

win be permitted.

7. All assemblaO'es in the streets, whether by day

or night, are prohibited, and arms will be borne only

by permi sion of the Military ommander.

8. Any person found on the streets who appears

to be habitually idle and without occupation will be

placed under arrest.

.

9. Pool rooms, near beer saloons, disorderly

hou e~ and places where ammunition or :fire arms of

any kind are kept for sale must be dosed immedinte-

ly. Disorderly rendevous of any kind are pro-

hibited.

10. Wllile it i the desire of the authorities to exer-

cise the powerR of martial law mildly, it mu t not ba

40

supposed that they will not be vigorously and firml~ enforced as occasion arises.
11. When in his opinion the ivil Authorities are able to resume their ordinary functions the Military Commander will communicate with the Governor with a view to withdrawal of the troops, upon which the ivil Authorities will resume full control.
Done under my hand ,and the great seal of the State, at the Capitol in Atlanta, on the Twentyeventh day of September, in the year of our Lord One Thou and Nine Hundred and Twelve, and of the Independence of the United States of America the One Hundred and Thirty- eventh.

By THE GOVERNOR:

JOSEPH M. BROWN, Governor.

PHILIP COOK,
Secretary of State.

COPY:

ATTESTED:

ABRAM LEVY,
Major 1 t Infry. . G. Ga.

I CLOSURE 4. {Received at 10 :10)
Atlanta, Ga., September 29, 1912. Major Abram Levy,
Alugusta, Ga. Governor directs you to reduce your force at once to fifty men and three Officers, dismounted, and confine your elf for the present to guarding barns and power house .
WM. G. OBEAR, "'\"0 djutant General.
.A TRUE COPY:
ABRAM LEVY,
Major 1st Infry. . G. Ga.
41

INCLOSURE 5.

(Confirmation)

Atlanta, Sept. 29, 1912.

Major Abram Levy, Augusta, Ga.

Governor directs you to reduce yOUT force at onee to forty men and three officers dismounted, and confine yourself for the present to guarding barns and
power houses. Military telegram. U'gent.
WM.. G. OBEAR, The Adjutant General.

COPY:
ATTESTED: A:SRAM LEVY, Major 1 t Infry.

. G. Ga.

INCLOSURE 6.

Atlanta, Ga., Oct. 2d, 1912.

:lfajor Abram Levy

Augusta, Ga.

Oaptain Battey granted leave of absence for 30 day, from October 5th, if ourt Martial can spare

him. Advi e.

WM. G. OBEAR,

The kdjutant General.

COPY:

(Confirmed. )

ABRAM LEVY, Major 1st Infry. . G. Ga.

INCLOSURE 7.
Atlanta, Ga., Oct. 10, 1912. From: The Adjutant General, State of Georgia. To: Major Abram Levy 1st Infantry, Augu tao Subject: RIOT DUTY.
1. Your telegram of this date with reference to conditions of Augusta received and noted. It wa
42

the desire to relieve the troops from duty to-day, but on account of reports made by you of -conditions at Augu ta, and other 00nditions here, troops will not be relieved to-day nor tomorr<>w.
2. I have been attempting to get into conne-ction
with Mr. Loyless who desired to talk with me I under-
stand, as s-pokesman of a conference, regarding conditions at Augusta, but have been unable to reach mm. Please advitse him that troops will remain on duty today and tomorrow at lea t, and that we are very anxiou to relieve tr<>ops at the earliest p<>ssi'ble date.
3. In rendering your report of this tour of duty, please submit same in duplicate to this office. A!s thi i the fir t extensive servi~e under the new law and as there will doubtless be many calls for infor-
mation in regard thereto, I have to suggest that this
report should be carefully prepared and it should be as full and 'complete a's possible to make it, under the circum tances, and hould contain copies of all orders, instru-ctions and <>ther matters in -connection therewith.
4. A oon a troop are relieved from duty a complete report should be made of all indebtedness incurred with certified bill in duplicate.
5. E pecial attention hould be paid to the expiration of enlistment of men on active duty and no man' enlistment hould be allowed to expire without bavipg him promptly re-enli ted altbouo-b under the new law, he remain in ervice until actuall discharged.
6. If you have not already done s'o, I would like for you to advise me, f<>r information of the Governor, of the exact details covering the killing la t night by
trikers of the two street-car employee howing what the heriff and police did to prevent such an occur-renee and what they are now doing to prevent similar ~currencesin future.
7. Advise what action wa taken in the case of the enlisted man of your command, on active duty, who
43

threw a rock at the employee of the street railroad while ruruiing a car.
WM. G. OBEAR, The Adjutant General.

COpy:

ATTESTED: ABRAM LEVY,
Major 1st Infry.

. G. Ga.

I CLOSURE 8.
Atlanta, Ga., October 10, 1912.
!i'rom: The Adjutant General, tate of Georgia, To: Major Abram Levy, 1 t Infantry, Augusta. 'ubject: RATES OF PAY.
1. I have to invite your attention to ection 75 in
the Military Code covering rates of pay, and especially to that section which proOvides for army rates after 15 days continuous service.
2. As you are substituting individual it will be construed in thi office that a 15 day continuou gervice will apply to the individual and not to the organization. TIll, if YoOU are not careful, will complicate the preparation of your pay roll , and with regard to officers it makes it necessary for them to subsist them elve in a manner imilar when in theU. S. ervice.
3. If you 0 de ire you may ubstitute for all men who have erved up to and includinO' 15 day other enlisted men who have not had that service, and you may aJ 0 relieve any officer and replace ,him with another one.
4. Before the troops are finally relieved their propel-~., accountability hould be thoroughly checkerl ann the value )f any shortage of property should b
44

not d on the pay roll in order that it may be deducted from their pay.
WM. G. OBEAR, Tbe Adjutant General.

COPY:
ATTESTED:
.ABRAM LEVY, Major 1 t Infry.

. G. Ga.

INCLO URE 9. Atlan a, Ga., Oct. 10, 1912.

Major Abram Levy, Augusta, Ga.
lt i de ired to relieve troop to-day. on ult with Mayor and advise fully at one by wire.

OBEAR,
djutant GeneraL
(Confirmed)

COPY:
ATTESTED:
.ABRAM LEVY, Major 1 t Infry.

. Ga.

I LO URE 10.
Atlanta, Ga., Oct. 11 ,1912.
Major Abram Levy, Commanding Po t of Augu ta, Augusta, Ga.
Wayne boro ompany ordered to report to you
this afternoon. Colonel 0 'Leary will arrive seven
thirty tms evening for ~on ultation. If the situation demands prompt action the Governor authorized you
45

to call out all troop at Augu ta and pre erve order in the City. cknowledO'e.
OBEAR,
Adjutant General. (Confirmed)
OOPY: ATTESTED:
ABRAM LEVY,
{ajor 1 t lnfry. N. G. Ga.
I CLOSURE 11. Atlanta, Ga., October 12, 1912.
Major Abram Levy, Augusta, Ga.
It should be understood that Martial Law is not withdrawn until Governor issues proclamation to that effect. If circumstances permit, your force should be reduced to one officer and ten men. It i understood that Col. 0 'Leary returned home. cknowledge.
OBEAR,
Adjutant General. (Confirmed)
COPY: ATTESTED:
ABRAM: LEVY,
{ajor 1 t Infry. N. G. Ga.
I CLO URE 12.
Atlanta, Ga., Oct. 21, '12. Major Abram Levy,
Augusta, Ga. Governor has approved findings of Court Martial, acquitting Capt. Jowitt and Henderson and enlisted men and restoring them to duty. Proclamation raising martial law issued today. Copy by this after-
46

noon's mail. Notify the Mayor and relieve all your

troops from duty.

.

OBEAR,
Adjutant-General.

(Confirmed. )

COPY: ATTESTED:
ABRAM LEVY, Major 1 t Infy.

. G. Ga.

I CLOSURE 13.
A PROOLAMATION.
WHEREAS, at the reque t of the ~Iayor of he City of ugusta, troops were ordered out to uppress riot and insurrection which, a required by law, was by Proclamation, declared to en t and
WHEREAS, the troops havinO' re tored order and the necessity for the exi tence of Martial Law having therefore passed away
THEREFORE, I, JOSEPH L BROWN, Governor of the State of GeorO'ia, do hereb yproclaim that the state of insurrection declared by me by Proclamation, dated September 27 1912, ha cea ed to exist in the
ity of ugusta, State of Georgia, and that the civil authorities are hereby again placed in full and unre tricted control accordingly.
DOI E under my hand and .'eal and the great seal of the State of GeorO'ja at the Capitol jn Atlanta on the twenty-fir t day of October in the year of our Lord One Thousand ine Hundred and Twelve and of the Independence of the United States of
merica the One Hundred and Thirty-seventh. (Signed) JOSEPH M. BROWN, Governor.
(jO'ned) PHILIP COOK, Secretary of State.
A TRUE COPY. WM. G. OBEAH, rrbe :. djutant-General.
47

COpy:
ATTE TED: ABRAM LEVY,
Major 1st Iufy.

J. G. Ga.,

INCLO URE 14.
Armory, September 27, 1912.
Adjutant General, tlanta, Ga.
ituation at present quiet, with car running on two lines and with police protection. Four companie assembled at Armory. Total strenO'th. one hundred and forty. Superintendent Deal of railway, reports he expects trouble at power plant either tonight or Saturday morning and anticipated sympathetic strike. Mayor Barrett states practically same and under tands Martial Law exists. He and police department will co-operate with me. And he states that he consider it ab olutely nece :;al'~' for the force here to be maintained until perfect order is re tored, in whi0h view I concur.
ABRAM LEVY,
Major 1st. Infy., N. G. Ga. Commanding Augn ta tation.
COPY:
ATTE TED:
ABRAM LEVY,
rajor 1st Infy. N. G. Ga.

I OW DRE 15.
ARMORY, ~ GU TA. GA.,
Sept. 29, 1912. Adjutant General,
Atlanta, Ga. Situation here as you left, except a few minor disturbances and orne demonstration again t the cars running on May Avenue, a] 0 frequent ob tructions on tracks. After consultation with ~fayor Barrett
48

and Chief of Police who informed me that on account of fagged out condition of the police force he had only one (1) patrol for present duty and could render but little assi tance. This patrol was sent to the cene of the disturbance and with a small cavalry patrol have re tored order. Had conference with Superintendent Deal and ordered him to cease running car until after conference with you. The cars were guarded by the railway men armed. My opinion is that either the railway people be allowed to provide and arm their own guard on cars and property which they are willing to do and relieve the ational Guards. If the railway are not allowed to provide these guards I deem it necessary to have other troopS' to relieve the local troops and keep the cars in barn as I can protect property but have not enough men to patrol city also. Capt. Cohen has left for Wayne boro.
ABRAM LEVY, Major Commanding. COPY: ATTESTED: ~.t\BRAM LEVY Major 1st Infy. . G. Ga.

I CLOSURE 16.

POWER PLANT RAILWAY Co.,

ugusta, Ga., Sept. 29, '12.

From: Commanding Officer. To: The Adjutant General.

Subject: CONFIRMATION TELEGRAM.

I herewith confirm telegram of this date by attached copy.

ABRAM LEVY,

COPY:

Major 1st Infy. N. G. Ga.

ATTESTED:

ABRAM LEVY

Major 1st Infy. N. G. Ga.

4-9

INCLOSURE 17.
ARMORY, AUGUSTA, GA.,
Sept. 30, 1912. Adjutant General,
Atlanta, Ga. Pre report error. Troops have not been relieved and are till on duty.
MAJOR LEVY. COPY: ATTESTED:
ABRAM LEVY,
Major 1st Infy. N. G. Ga.
INCLOSURE 18.
ARMORY, AUGUSTA, GA.,
Oct. 3, 1912. Adjutant General,
Atlanta, Ga. At a conference between Mayor Barrett, Sheriff Clark and hief of Police Elliott and myself at twelve noon today, it was the unanimous opinion of each that the troops now on duty in Augusta, be retained on duty. Should conditions so improve that, in the opinion of the officers named, troops can be relieved, I will at once advi e you.
MAJOR ABRAM LEVY. COPY: ATTESTED:
ABRAM LEVY,
Major Jst Infy. J. G. Ga.
INCLOSURE 19.
ARMORY, AUGUSTA, GA.,
Oct. 4, 1912. Adjutant Genera],
Atlanta, Ga. ituation only,.slightly improved. See copy of the
50

Jeffersonian of October 3, pages 1, 9 and 12. Wilson has ent me copy of letter to you. May I publish it.

ABRAM LEVY,
Major.

COPY:
ATTESTED:
ABRAM LEVY,
Major ]st Infy.

. G. Ga.

INCLOSURE 20.
ARMORY, AUGUSTA, GA.,
October 5, 1912.
From: The Commanding Officer. To: The Adjutant General, State of Georgia. Subject: RIOT SITUATION.
I herewith confirm my tele hone message to you of this morning. The situa n here remains practically the same. The gener 1 opinion here is that order is maintained only on account of Martial Law and that as oon as military authority is removed there will be further outbreaks unless the strike is satisfactorily settled, and that the military should be continued until perfect order is restored. This is concurred in by the Mayor, Sheriff and Chief of Police.
SO'IIle disturbance ha been reported along the line of railway, uch a rocking cars and placing booms and dynamite on tracks.
I herewith confirm my telegrams of Oct. 3rd, and 4th, by attachin~ copies of game.
I herewith attach copy of the Progressive Democrat of October 4th. Mr. J. L. Cartledge lives in this city.
Private Pate will be tried before a Summary Court this afternoon and papers in case will be forwarded to yon as soon a received.
ABRAM LEVY,
Major 1st Infantry N. G. Ga.
51

COPY:
ATTESTED:
.A.BEAM LBVY,
:Major 1st lnfy. 1 . G. Ga.
I LO URE 21.
ARMORY, AUGUSTA, GA.,
October 7th 1912. The ~ djutant General
.. tlanta, Ga. Three men ick, haye ent two to Oity Hospital. .Alter conference with hief urgeon, would request a medical officer for duty.
ABRAM LEVY,
Major 1st lnfy. . G. Ga.
COPY:
ATTE TED:
ABEAl\! LE'Y.
~rajor 1 t Tnfy. . G. Ga.
I OLO URE 22.
ARMORY. AUGUSTA, GA.
October 11, 1912. Adjutant General,
Atlanta Ga. Facts of the killin difficult to get. Have been inve tigatinO' all ye terday and thi morning. Ohief of Police passed pot few minute before shootiJ;lg, and a deputy sheriff was within two hundred yard. Place very dark. Am working on case. herig wa~ with me thi mornin lY On return wa shown copy of Mayor Barr tt' telegram. The general strike being called in our ab ence. Will endeavor to get full fact and make written report. Police Depart.> ment doing all po ible. . heriff ha deputies picketed around belt line. A car will top running at six thi, . hould be ample protection. He bas to a] 0 protect Georgia Railroad property and rail-
52

road belt line and i 'rendering all assistance possibly can. Found Lake View line not properly protected and repQrted it to the Mayor.
ABRAM LEVY,
Major 1st Infy., N. G. Ga.
COpy: ATTESTED:
ABRAM LEVY,
Major 1st Infy. N. G. Ga.
I CLO TIRE 23.
.ARMORY, UGUSTA, GA.,
October 10, '12. Adjutant General,
Atlanta, Ga. Mayor Barrett advises me that he wired you thi morning that the ituation i more acute now than ever. Two imported railway men shot. One killed la t night on principal treet at 8:00 p. m. I deem it most inad'visable to consider remo'val of troops at thi juncture. Will keep you advised.
MAJOR LEVY,
Major 1 t Infy., N. G. Ga.
COPY: ATTESTED:
ABRAM LE'Y.
Major 1 t Infy. N. G. Ga.
I OLO URE 24.
ARMORY, UGUSTA, GA.,
October 11, 1912. Adjutant General
Atlanta, Ga. Telegram regarding Waynes'boro and troops received. In truction will be complied with.
MAJOR LEVY,
Major 1st Infy., N. G. Ga.
53

COPY: ATTE TED:
.ABRAM LEVY, :Jlajor 1 t Infy.

. G. Ga.

INCLO URE 25.
ARMORY, AUGUSTA, GA., October 17, 1912.
djutant General, Atlanta, Ga.
trike officially declared off at midnight. Order re tored. I deem that troops can now be relieved. Expect to have report complete by Tuesday. Advise.
MAJOR LEVY, Major 1st Infy., N. G. Ga. COPY: ATTESTED: ABRAM LEVY, Major 1st Infy. . G. Ga.

IN LOSURE 26.
ARMORY, AUGUSTA, GA., October 11th, 1912.
From: The Commanding Officer, Augusta Station. To: The Adjutant General, State of Georgia.
ubject: REPORT ON KILL! G OF OCTOBER 9TH. 1. I herewith confirm my two telegrams of this afternoon by attachinO' hereto carbon copies of the ame. Also our conversation in regard to same. 2. I also acknowledge receipt of your letter of October 10th and copy of telegram. Also acknowledge receipt of your letter of October 2nd, in regard to rates of pay, and will give same my attention. 3. In your letter of October 10th, regarding riot duty, report as follow : This morning I called upon the Sheriff at the court house, but as he was out I found him at the Union Depot waiting for the Georgia train to leave. After waiting for some moments
54

he left with me and went around the Belt Line Electric Railway and found at Eleventh and Fenwick Streets one. policeman and one deputy sheriff. This point is better known as Lombard's Foundry, and although there has' been reports received this morning of the rocking of cars, both the policeman and the deputy sheriff stated that they had seen nor heard nothing. A block further on Eleventh Street, we found one policeman; on Eleventh and Gwinnett Streets', one policeman and one deputy. At Gwinnett and Twelfth Streets there were two policemen, one was mounted; Fifteenth and Gwinnett Streets, two policemen, one was a bicycle policeman. This was the point where the shooting occurred on the night of the 8th inst. At Exposition, Park and Central Avenue we found two deputies, whose beat was from there to a point known as Lackmans; from Lackmans to Monte Sano Avenue we found one deputy in a buggy and one mounted policeman. On Monte Sano Avenue, between Central Avenue and Walton Way was one deputy. On Walton Way and John's' Road was another deputy; Walton Way and Druid Park Avenue, one bicycle policeman and one deputy, and at Fifteenth Street one policeman.
The territory above mentioned covers about three mile and I think it is effectually patrolled, inasmuch as the cars will be taken off at six 0 'clock. Yet, upon returning, I heard that there was a shooting below Lackman's Corner, which must have occurred in a few minutes after we had left, as we had posted one of the deputies at this point. From the information received, I understand that the shooting was by one of the men on the car, at a deputy (by deputy I mean, sheriff). This has not been verified, however, as yet.
I then went around with the Sheriff over the steam railroad known as "Belt Line," which is operated mostly by the Georgia Railroad, and then around to the Atlantic Compress Warehouses, but we found no trouble or sian of trouble, and the railroad has
55

asked for no especial deputie ' to-day, as they think that the ituation can be controlled by the Federal Injunction.
I then went over the Lake View Line, and I found only one policeman along the line from Fifteenth
treet to High Street, which fact I have reported to the layor and hief of Police, who since, has informed me that this line was patrolled by a quad in automobiles, which probably accounts for my not having seen them.
The heriff has, in addition to the deputie above mentioned, four more on duty.
4. In regard to the Police Deparbment, I have ascertained the following fact, as leadinO' up to the h.'illing:
About 6:3'0 p. m., one of the street car officials reported to the Chief, over the telephone, he heard that there was a crowd or gathering on fcKinne
treet in front of Holley'~ Wagon Works. At 6:35 p. m. the Chief sent Fir t Lieutenant Britt, of the Police Force, and a squad of men in automobiles over this route to this point. They went about eight hundred yards up McKinnie Street. Lieut. Britt reported that the street was clear and that there had been a policeman patrolling along this street and that the policeman reported to him that the had seen no crowd. At about 6 :40 the Chief of Police followed over the same route and s'aw no one in this vicinity, and went all the way along Walton Way to
ummerville and saw no crowd at all, and then ~topped at hi house for supper. In about ten minute he received the mes age of the shooting, which evidently had happened ju t behind him. deputy sheriff by the name of Walter E. Kent, was within two hundred yards of the place (I find that the distan<>e wa about four hundred yards'). I have not been able to ee Mr. Kent but I understand that he 'knowi': nothinO' of the hooting except that he saw the car running down without anyone on it. Policeman Belding wa off duty at the time and happened
'if;

to be sitting in a store about one hundred feet from the spot where the killing occurred, and states that

at the first report he thought it was a torpedo on

the car track, but at the second shot, he ran out of the store toward the car track in order to stop the

car, and when he was at about the middle of the treet he wa topped by a man, lying on the ground,

saying, "I arr:n hot; help me." The place is ratber

dark along here with an open field on the opposite

side. The car prevented his seeing on the other side,

and the part , or parties, escaped in the darkne '.

The policeman remained to assist the wounded man

in getting to the hospital.

A prominent citizen stated to me that he wa going down the road in his automobile and that he could

see the flash of the shot in front of bim and a party

running in the direction of the open field. He slowed down the machine, as be thought it was' the soldiers

firing, and had passed the man wbo was killed be-

fore he knew it.

.

It i e, ident that the man made a clear "O'et-a-

way," with only a faint clue a to hi identity, which is the de cription given by the wounded man, and

he wa in such a terrible condition that tbe descrip-

tion was not given very clearly.

5. In regard to the private. He was ordered for

trial before a ummary Court, and a oon as the paper8 are returned they will be forwarded to 'you.

6. I have lirected the commanding officers here

to a semble their companie at the Armory. I will al 0 keep them there in ca e it be necessary to u e them.

7. Have directed the agent of the Central Railroad to communi ate with the Waynesboro Company

and to keep me advi ed of this company's movement', and will al 0 quarter them at the Armory unle s it , hould be necessary to place them on duty

at the Power House. 8. At about 2:00 0' lock p. m. I was requested to
meet tlw ~fl'lyor at tbe hamber of Commerce, and

57

upon my arrival there I found the Mayor, Judge Eve, Oity Attorney Oohen, Mr. Loyless and Mr. Fred Pope, the Oounty Oommis ioner. They informed me of their action and of the telegram they had sent you and stated that they had endeavored to reach me before sending the telegram.
MAJOR LEVY,
Major 1 t Infy., N. G. Ga.
COPY: ABRAM LEVY,
Major 1st Infy. . G. Ga.
I LOSURE 27.
ARMORY, AUGUSTA, GA.,
October 18th, 1912. Adjutant General,
Atlanta Ga. Telegram received. 001. 0 'Leary left last night. I request proclamation held until you receive letter I will end to-niO'ht containing certain information.
LEVY,
Major 1 t Infy. N. G. Ga.
COPY: ATTESTED:
ABRAM LEVY,
~1ajor 1st Infy. N. G. Ga.
I OLO URE 28.
ARMORY, AUG STA, GA.
September 27, 1912. FIELD ORDER O. 1.
1. A Platoon of Oavalry under Lieutenant Young will proceed at 5 p. m. to Power Plant at 15th and Greene Streets, advancing via Reynolds-Fourteenth
treets. Will patrol streets around plant until same is occupied by infantry, returning via Gre ne-. inth Sta. They will report by telephone immediately on arrival at Power Plant.
58

2. A detachment under Captain Henderson conisting of Second Platoon Company A, and Company B under Captain J owitt will proceed at 5 :05 p. m. via inth-Greene Streets to power plant and occupy same. The platoon occupying the lower plant and Company B the upper plant. Reports will be made by telephone from M. W. Hospital and on arrival at plant. 3. One Platoon of Cavalry under Lieutenant William on will proceed at 5 :10 p. 'Ill. to lower car barn at 3rd and Hale Street via Reynold -Third-Hale

Street Will patrol street around barn and ball park until barn i occupied by infantn', reporting by

telephone on arrival, and returninO" via Third-Reynolds Streets.
4. First Platoon Company A. under ommand

Lieutenant Woodson, will proceed at 5 :1; to car barn at 3rd and Hale treets via. Reynold -Fifth-HaleThird treet, and occupy ham. reporting by telephone on arrivaL

5. The avalry under Captain Demp ey, will be

used for patrolling and for attack, if neces ary. 6. ompany D, under aptain Rain will be held

in re erve at armory, toO'ether with Machine Gun Detachment under Lieutenant mith.
7. The Chief of Police wiD ee that these treets are patrolled by policemen between 4 :30 and the bour of march.
ntil further orders report will be made to commandinO" officer at the armory.

BY ORDER OF MAJOR LEVY:

JNO.

IXON. JR.,

First Lieutenant, Adjutant.

To Capt. Demp ey, Capt. Hendel' on Capt. J owitt apt. Hain , Lieut. Woodson, Lieut. Young,
hief Elliott, Lieut. mith Lieut. WiJliam on.
59

ATTESTED:
ABRAM LEVY,
Major 1st Infy.

. G. Ga.

I TCLOSURE 29.

ORDER 0.2.

LANGLEY MFG. OFFICE,

September 28th, 1912.

To the Hon. Mayor,

Augusta, Ga.

Sir:

You will, through your Police Department, see

that the Provi ion of the Governor' Proclamation

of September 27th are carried out within the city.

MAJOR LEVY,
Major 1 t Infry. N. Ga. C(YII1manding ugusta Station.

COPY:

ATTESTED:

ABRAM LEVY,
Major 1st Infy. . G. Ga.

INCLOSURE 30.

ORDER 0.3.

LANGLF.Y MFG. OFFICE,

September 28th, 1912.

To the Hon. fayor,

City of Augu tao

Sir:

In regard to Paragraph o. 9 of the Governor's

Proclamation of September 27th, regarding the clos-

ing of places selling fire arm " if these placeR will

withdraw from sale or display in window anrl, bow-

ca~e all uch articles, tbey may remain onen, otber-

wi e, the ProvLion must be fully carried out.

MAJOR LBVY.
Major JRt Tnfry., . G. Ga. Commandin~ AuO'u, ta Station.

COPY:

ATTE TED:

ABRAM LEVY,
~ fajor Jst Tnfy. J G. Ga.

60

INCLOSURE 31.

ORDER o. 4.

POWER PLANT, AUGUSTA, GA.,
eptember 28th, 1912.

Lieut. Wadley Petit, Company B, is hereby relieved from service on this tour of duty on account

of sickness.

BY ORDER OF MAJOR LEVY:
JOHN S. IXON, JR., 1st Lieutenant, Adjutant.

COPY:

ATTESTED:

ABRAM LEVY,
Major 1st Inf;y. . G. Ga.

INCLOSURE 32.

ORDER No.5.

POWER PLANT, AUGUSTA, GA.,

eptember 28, 1912.

By recommendation of Oapt. Dempsey, Private

J. D. Green is hereby relieved from this tour of duty

on account of sickness.

BY ORDER OF MAJOR LEVY :

JOHN . IXON, JR.,
1 t Lieutenant, Adjutant.

COPY:

ATTESTED:

ABRAM LEVY,
fajor 1st Infy. N. G. Ga.

INCLOSURE 33.

ORDER No.6.

POWER PLANT, AUGUSTA, GA.,

September 29, 1912.

ntil further order all tre t cars will be taken

off the line '.

BY ORDER OF MAJOR LEVY:
JOHN S. NIXON, ,TR., 1. t Lieutenant, Adjutant.

COPY:

ATTESTED:

ABRAM LEVY
Major 1st lnfry., N. G. Ga.

61

INOLOSURE 34.

ORDER No.7.

POWER PLANT, AUGUSTA, GA.,

September 29, 1912.

By order of Adj. Gen. Obear, Oompany E, First

Inf., is ord.ered to home station.

BY ORDER OF MAJOR LEVY:
JOHN S. NIXON, JR., 1st Lieutenant, Adjutant.

COPY:

ATTE TED:

ABRAM LE\T,
[ajor 1 t Infry. N. G. Ga.

INOLOSURE 35.

ORDER O. 9.

POWER PLANT. A GUSTA, GA..

September 29, 1912. Upon recommendation of Oapt. H~ins, Pvt. Scott i hereby relieved from duty.

BY ORDER OF MAJOR LEVY:

JNO. S. NIXON, JR.

COPT: ATTE TED:
ABRAM LEVY,
)Iajor 1 t Infry.

. G. Ga.

I CLOSURE 36.

ORDER No.9.

POWER PLANT, AUGUSTA, GA.,

Given over telephone.

September 29, 1912.

Mr. Davy will guard Barn, by his own men fully

armed, and will station sentinels at points which he

thinks advantageous. He will instruct sentinelS' not

to fire unless closely pressed. He will have sentinels

notify him of the approach of anybody, and he will

notify me immediately. He will also notify entinels

to inform him when relief is needed. There will be

cavalry Rnd. infantry in automobiles, held in readi-

62

ness and when firing starts sentinels are to go into building. BY ORDER OF MAJOR LEVY :
JOHN S. NIXON, JR., 1st Lieutenant, Adjutant.
COPY:
ATTESTED: ABRAM LEVY, Major 1st Infry., N. G. Ga.

INCLOSURE 37.

ORDER 0.10.

POWER PLANT, 8:50 P. M.

AUGUSTA, GA., Sept. 29, 1912.

1. Troop K, 2nd Cav., is hereby relieved from'

duty.

2. A detail of 13 men from CO'ill panies " A," "B,"

and "D," will report to me for duty.

3. Sergt. Gwin and three privates will report to

Lower Barn and guard same.

4. Companies "A," "B," and "D," with excep-

tion of 13' men detailed, and following Officers, Capt.

Hain , Lieutenants Woodson and Smith, are relieved

from duty.

BY ORDER OF MAJOR LEVY:

JOHN S. IXON, JR.,

1st Lieutenant, djutant.

COpy:
ATTESTED: ABRAM LEvt, Major 1st Infry. N. G. Ga.

INCLOSURE 3

ORDER No. 11.

POWER PLANT, AUGUSTA, GA.,

September 29th, 1912.

Captain J. F. Renders'on Company A, 1st Infry.,

N. G. Ga., and Capt. T. C. Jowitt, Company B, 1st

Infantry, . G. Ga., are hereby placed under arrest.

They will not be relieved from their official duties,

63'

but their confinement will be limited to the boundaries of the City of Augusta..
JOHN S. NIXON, JR., 1st. Lt. & Bat. Adj., 1st Infry.,
N. G. of Ga., Adjutant.
COPY:
ATTESTED:
ABRAM LEVY,
Major 1st Infry., . G. Ga.

INCLOSURE 39.

ORDER o. 12.

POWER PLANT, AUGUSTA, GA.,

Sept. 29, 1912.

1 t erg. M. S. Levy, Troop "K," 2nd Cav., N. G.

. Ga., will, in addition to other duties, act as Hospital

ergt., until further orders.

ABRAM LEVY,
Major 1st Infry. , N. G. Ga. Commanding Augusta Station.

COPY:

ATTESTED:

ABRAM LEVY,
Major 1st Infry., . G. Ga.

INCLOSURE 40.

ORDER o. 13.

ARMORY, AUGUSTA, GA.,

Oct. 5th, 1912.

A Summary Court is hereby ordered to assemble

at 5 :00 p. m., October 5th, at Power House, Augusta,

Georgia, to try such ca e as may come before it.

Detail for Court,

Capt. George Hains, Co. D, 1st Infry., N. G. of Ga.

ABRAM LEVY,
Major 1st Infry., N. G. Ga. Commanding Augusta Station.

I LOSURE 41.

ORDER No. 14.

ARMORY, AUGUSTA, GA.,

Oct. 11th, 1912.

1 t Sergo M. S. Levy, 1'roop K, 2nd Cav., N. G.

64

Ga., is hereby relieved from duty as Ho~vitnl ~t'r~t.. and will return to duty with his Troop.
AnRAM LEVY,
Major 1st Infry., N. G. Ga. Commanding Augusta Station.
INCLOSURE 42. ORDERS NO. 15.
ARMORY, AUGUSTA, GA.
October 18tb, 1912: 1. Lieut. O. K. Fletcher is hereby relieved from this tour of duty. 2. Lieut. S. P. Grealish will report for duty to Capt. Hains at Power Plant.
ABRAM LEVY,
Major 1st. Infry. N. G. Ga. Commanding Augusta Station.
IXCLOSURE 43. ORDER NO. 16.
ARMORY, AUGUSTA, GA.
.A.ugu ta, Ga., Oct. 19th, 1912. 1. Lieut. S. P. Greali h and ten men will remain until further orders 'on duty at Power Plant. 2. Capt. Hains, with detachment at Power Plant, will return to Armory, with exception of ten men detailed for duty with Lieut. Grealish, and are hereby relieved from this tour of duty.
ABRAM LEVY,
:Major 1 t. Infry. . G. Ga. CommandinO' Augusta Station.
INCLOSURE 44.
Augusta, Ga., Sept. 28, 1912. Mr. W. E. Wall tate he wa cro ing the brido'e on 13th. tre t when the car rolled up and eight or
G.)

t.en men jumped off and covered him with pistols, saying "you God damn Southern son of a bitch, we are running this town to-day." Mr. Wall states that these men were motormen and conductor of Augusta Railway & Electric Corporation.
W. E. WALL.
ATTEST: THAD . JOWITT, ..
Capt. o. B. 1 t Infy.
COPY: ATTESTED:
.ABRAM LEVY, Major 1st Infry., . G. Ga.
INCLOSURE 45. Joe Hampton, 2110 Walton Way, ay that a he was passing a car that the motorman and conductor got off of ear 'and drew pistol on a little boy named H. Bell, a paper carrier .for the Hemld. Witnesses: J. M. Tice, Rob Walker.
Telephoned by him at ten o'clock.
COPY: ATTESTED:
ABRAM LEVY,
Major 1 t Infr.,.. N. G. Ga.
IN LO URE 46. Augusta, Ga., September 29 1912. Major Abram Leyy Officer Commanding. Sir: In respon e to yom.' reque t the Chief of Police and myself will call on you at the Power Hou e at 10 :00 a. ID. this date. "'\ ery respectfully
THOMAS BARRETT JR.,
Mayor.
OJ

COPY: ATTESTED:
ABRAM LEVY,
Major 1 t Infry. N. G. Ga.
INCLOSURE 47. Augusta, Ga., September 29, 1912. Major Abram Levy, Officer Commanding. Sir: Your order to raise the embargo on South Carolina will be complied with. Very respectfully,
THOMAS BARRETT, JR.,
Mayor C. A.
COPY:
ATTESTED:
ABRAM LEVY,
:Major 1 t Inf:v. N. G. Ga.
INOLOSURE 48. Augusta, Ga., eptember 29th, 1912. Commanding Officer, Military Headquarter , City. Sir: I have the honor to report that at 11 :10 o'clock a. m. near Fifteenth Street on May Avenue, this department arrested Sym Yabor for in tigating riot and drawing pi tol on an Officer. We have delivered him at the County J'8il, ubject to the order of the Military Authorities.
Respec fully, GEO. P. ELLIOTT, 'Jhief of Police.
COPY:
ATTESTED:
ABRAM LEVY
}Iajor 1 t lnfr). ~. G. Ga.
67

INCLOSURE 49. September 29th, 1912.
Mr. Spofford, of the Augusta-'Aiken Railway & Electric Corporation, called at about ten o'clock and made the following statement:
"The first car passed the :Monument at 7 :55 a. m. and was not molested but that they had found obstructions on track on May Avenue and Fifteenth Street j that small crowds ~f men were gathered on May Avenue and 'some rocks were thrown at the car j that the men on the car removed the obstruction. The second car that pa ed, fifteen minute later, found in the ame place a crowd O'athered in larger numbers on :May Avenue. Thi car was topped several times by the crowd, some members of which drew gun and threatened the crew, aying that they would shoot them if they came around again. At 8 :15 the third car received about the same treatment as the second car did, the car being obstructed at same place. No policemen were een along there. Crowds were een at different corner along May A,enue. Fourth car out about nine o'clock a. m. found track ob tructed at same place aBd a large crowd wa near the ob truetion. Thi, car carried eight men a guard, be ide a crew. The e men removed the ob truction and when the crowd closed on them they charO'ed the crowd and di!'\persed them. No policemen "ere een on ~Iay A,enue by any crew tbi morninO'.'
COPY:
BRA:I: LEVY,
Major 1 t lufr:-. N. G. Ga.
Ii OLOSURE 50.
ugu ta Ga., ept. 30th, 19J 2. :Major Abram Levy,
Oommandin o' at Auo'u tao Sir:
The Augu ta-Aiken Railway & Electric Oorpora-
6

tion respectfully calls your attention to the fact that on Sunday morning, September 29th, at 10 :45 a. m. you issued Order o. 7, ordering all the cars of thi Company off the lines until further notice the rea on therefor as verbally given the officials of this Company being that the police force was inadequate any longer to supply guards on the cars, and that the military could not do 0 beC'ause they were worn out and needed re t.
In the meantime you had ordered home the Savannah .and ~ 'ayne bol'o Companie ,a iO'nin o' a the reason therefor that quiet had been re tored and their services were no longer required, leaving your four companie of one hundred and twenty-five men on duty here. After the police guard had been removed from the cars you 'authorized the ompany to put it own aImed o'uard on the car to protect the trainmen in operating them. On the fir t trip out the car 1 rotected by- our own armed O'uards were attacked, ob truetion placed upon the track. by- the striker and their sympathizers, and other di order~ followed. Then came ~'our order forbiddinO' the Company' O'uard carryino' arm., and a little later your order ordering the car. off the line until further notice which i still in effect. All unday and Sunday night disorders continued, and ob tructions were piled upon the track and orne of the rails at certain point in the City taken up. ... 11 day to-day September 30th, the car have be n kept in the barns in obedience to your order although thi. Company ha at it barns ,at <Treat expen. e a full complement of trainmen ready and waiting to operate it ear the ole ob tacIe in the way- heing that you inform tr that you are not in a po ition to protect our trainmen from the moh while operating the car.
'Thu the Military had heen enabled to keel down the di order and ,'iolenc of the mob only by removing the irritati])o' cau e. which W'a the operation of the car. Katurally the mob j, appea ed and
69

con ent to be quiet and inactive so long as the car are kept in the barn.
Thi Company respectfully asks that it be permitted to operate its cars and that it receive at your hands the protection necessary for it to do so, beginning at such an hour as you may name to-morrow morning October 1st.
Respectfully submitted, AUGUSTA-AIKEN Ry. & ELEC. CORP.
By: E. C. Beale, Gen. Mgr. COPY: ATTESTED:
ABRAM LEVY, :Major 1st Infry., N. G. Ga.
INCLOSURE 51. POWER PLANT, AUGUSTA, GA.
Sept. 30, 1912. From: Commanding Officer, Augu Va Station. To: The Augu ta-Aiken Railwa & Elec. Corp.
ubject: LETTER SEPT. 30TH, 1912. In reply to your letter, will ubmit same to the Adjutant General, State of Georgia who will arrive here tomorrow morning from tlanta.
ABRAM LEVY, :Jajor ] t. Infry. . G. Ga.
CommandinO'.
COpy:
ATTE TED: ABRAM LE\T, :JIajor 1 t Infr:-., ~. G. Ga.
INCLO URE 52. POWER PLA~T AUGUSTA, GA.
Oct. 1st, 1912. From: ommandin o' Officer, Auo'u ta Station. To: A uO'u ta-~t\iken Railway & Elec. Corporation.
ubjeet: LETTER OF EPT. 30TH, 1912. 1 t. ReferrinO' to your letter of the 30th, and a ~tat d in my reply of same date after conferrinO"
-0

with the Adjutant General, I have to advi e you. 2d. That you are authorizea to operate car . 3d. Under my orders my force is to be used at
present exclusively to guarding Power House and car barns; therefore, can not furnish you with Mili~ tary guards to operate your cars.
4th. The Mayor and the Sheriff have authority, under the Law, to swear in such of your employees as you may designate, as special policemen or deputy sheriffs respectively, which carries with it the authority to bear arm .
ABRAM LEVY,
Major 1 t. lnfry. N. G. Ga.
COpy:
ATTESTED:
ABRAM LEVY,
Major 1 t Infry.. N. G. Ga.
I CLOS RE 53. POWER HOUSE, AUGUSTA, GA.
Sept. 30th, 19J 2. From: ommandina- Officer, Augu ta tation. To: Aua-u ta-Aiken Railway & Elec. orporation.
ubject: Snr YABOR. On Sept. 29th, 1912 the police department report arre. t of ym Yabor, and ent him to Oounty Jail. You will inve tio'ate and report to me if thi man i>; in your employ.
ABRAM LEIT,
:Major.
COPY:
ATTE TED:
BRAl\f LEVY
~Iajor 1 t. Infy. X. G. Ga.
URE 54. October 1 t. 1912.
Commanding Officer , Augn ta tation. SnI YABOR.
-1

Dear ir: Replying to yours of September 30th, regarding
arrest of Sym Yabor, I beg to inform you that in\estigation fails to show any such man in our employ. However, one of our men, by the name of O'Donnell was arrested on the 29th ultimo, and is, I understand, still in confinement.
Will you please investigate this case and inform me of any action taken.
Very truly your , B. W. SPOFFORD,
Superintendent Railways.

COPY:
ATTESTED:
...<.. \BRAM LEVY,
:Major 1 t. Infy.

. G. Ga.

I CLOSURE 55.
Augusta, Ga., October 10, 1912.
Major Abram Levy,
'ommanding at Auou tao
ir:
Permit me to bring to your attention the ca_e of the arre t of James O'Donnell who i now confined in the County Jail under the charge preferred b:Chief of Police for disorderly conduct, carrying concealed weapon and pointing weapon at an officer.
After a careful inve tigation I find the fact to be a follows:
Mr. O'Donnell wa motorman on one of the Company's car unday, September 29th. Thi occurred at the time of the incident with which you are perfectly familiar when a crowd of lawless persons were ob tructin o the track on l\f'ay Avenue just beyond Clark }Iill. It eem that a roller or boiler, be lonoing to the City, wa rolled upon the track~ and after being rolled away everal time by the trainmen they undertook to put it on the car and brill~
72

it in to avoid further annoyance and obstruction of the track, when policeman John Steven interfered saying tha t it was City property and they could not remove it. TIhi brought on word between I the motorman in the discharge of hi duty and policeman Steven in the di charge of hi dut:. ,Vhile the motorman was on the ground ome one el e on the ground handed him a pistol which he threw away from him hittino' the top of the car and reboundinO' into the treet on the ground. Thi pi tol fell at or near policeman J. . Ree e, who picked it up. O'Donnell wa thereupon arre ted and ent in on the charge above named. He ha been lyin o' in jail for ten or twelve day_.
You will recall that thi oc urrence took place after the police had been withdrawn from the cars of the
ompan:- and after you had tated that the ~Iilitary wa 0 worn out it could not afford protection and authorized the Company to permit it trainmen to hear arm to prote t them elve. Soon after thi occurrence thi permi ion wa withdrawn by yo~ Dnd almost immediately thereafter under your order the car were ent to the barn and the car service 8U pended.
Th above .facL. I think will be borne out by the tatement of .J. S. Ree e. We reo pectfully a k that you permit thi man to be released from .Tail and returned to his horne on the earli t practicable train. It i manife t that he i guilty of no eriou offense, if any at all. The pre tige of the police and the Military authorities ha been fully vindicated by his arrest and incarceration, and we think tbat no public good would re ult in keeping him here indefinitely at the expense of the County, e pecially when
this Company is willing to give you every a urance
tbat be. ball at once be returned to hi bome and not l'e-employed.
I bave no donbt but tbat tbe Mayor and hief of Police will cordially acquie ce in tbe above di position of this matter.
73

I han the honor to be, Very truly yours, BOYKIN WRIGHT.
(Copy to the Mayor & Chief of Police.) COPY: ATTESTED:
ABRA1\! LEVY, )Iajor 1 t. Infy. N. G. Ga.

IN CLOSURE 56.

Augu ta, Ga., October 7th, 1912.

From: ommander of the Guard, Power Plant, A. A.

R. R. & Elec. Co.

rro: )Iajor Abram Levy, 3d Battalion 1st. Infy. N. G.

Ga.

ubject: ACCIDENT AT POWER HOUSE.

At 7 :30 0 'clock this a. m. Private Grady Po s, o.
"A," Infy. N. G. Ga., a member of thi Guard, placed

a looking glas on top of "Transformer" No.1, at
tation No.1, of the A. A. R.. R. & Elec. 00., allow-

ing it to rest against the "Switch" cau in 0' a

"Short Oircuit," whioh threw 2300 Volt Ourrent

back on the" Generators, " damaging" Alternating' ,

machine No.3, at Station No.2, burning out one-

" oil," al 0 damaging two other" Generators" 0

that the Plower was off for one-half hour while they

were repaired. Electrician J. T. Fea tel' was in

charge 0. Station No.1 at the time of the 'accident.

No report was made to me by him, my attention first

being called to the accident when Pvt. Poss 'Came to

me complaining of hi burn. I found that he had

su ,tained severe burn on both hand and ,,-ri, t ,

which wa cau ing a good deal of pain. I immediately

called an ambulance and had him taken to the Citv

Hospital.

.

To prevent accident of thi nature, in the future,.

I have issued an order forbidding all enlisted men

entering any part of the Plant not occupied by them

a quarters, also caused io~s to be painted and

} 0 ted at the doors, forbidding admittance.

74

The Electrician informs me that it i~ a great wonder that Private Poss was not instantly killed.
Copy of the Order inclosed, for information. ORLIN R. FLETCHER,
1st. Lieut. Co. "D," 1st. Infry. N. G. Ga.
COPY:
ATTE TED:
ABRA f LEVY :Jlajor 1 t. Infy. ~ .... G. Ga.
INCLOSURE 57.
ulYu ta, Ga., ept. 29, 1912.
12:35 P. M. .Major Abram Ley)'
A!bout two hour ago an open car of the A-A Ry. .& Ele~. 'Corp., pas ed along May Avenue loaded with
about 20 to 30 of the trike breaker brought
here by the A.A-Ry. & Elec. Corp., and when they reached a point near May Avenue and Young treet the car stopped and the men on the cars drew their pistols, the police on duty at this point then attempted to arrest the trike breakers that had gotten on the ground when one of the men now under arrest tried to pass his pistol to another one who could not reach him. He then threw his pistol toward the car, whi<Jh fell on the ground near and was picked up -by an officer. Then the motorman in -charge of the car pulled off and the police could only -get one of the men on the ground, the others jumping on the car.
It is my opinion that it is your duty to have these strike breakers disarmed, and if this is done and the -cars kept in the barn there will be no further demonstrations, and the police should be instructed by you to place under arre8't and jailed all of these strikebreakers who are found with pistols.
(Signed) L C. HOLLEY -Member of Council Fourth Ward.
75

COPY:
ATTESTED: ABRAM LEVY, )Iajor 1 t. Infy.

. G. Ga.

I CLO TIRE 58.

POWER HOUSE, ~\.UG STA, GA. Sept. 30, 1912.

From: Commanding Officer, Augu ta Station.

To : Jailer, Richmond o. Ga. ubject: RELEA E OF TWO OLORED MEN. 'Ihere having been placed in your cu tody by the
Police department two colored men ubject to my

order, You will release them and hold this a your

authority.

ABRAM LEVY, Iajor 1 t. Infl~Y. .r G. Ga.

COPY:
ATTE TED: ABRAJII LEVY, )Iajor 1. t. Infy. N. G. Ga.

I CLOSURE 59.
Augu ta, Ga., October 2d, 1912.
ommanding Officer, r: G. Georgia, Augusta Ga.
~ lr:
I have the honor to report that the Police Department arrested Je e W. Heep and committed him to 'jail ubject to the order of the Government. Heeps is oile of the leading striker and has been O'iving trouble for several days. Charges are now pendinO' again t 'him in 'the Police' Court here.
In the neighborhood of 3:00 o'clock to-day, some one on the 1200 block of Broad Street shot at a passing car. Upon the a.rrival of an officer on the scene, Heep. wa very much in evidence and a a matter
76

of safety until we could further investigate, we lJa 1 him locked up.
Respectfully, G. P. ELLIOTT, Chief of Police.
COPY:
ATTESTED:
ABRAM LEVY,
Major 1st. Infy. . G. Ga.
IN CLOSURE 60. Augusta, Ga. Oct. 2d, 1912.
Commanding Officer, N. G. Georgia, Augusta, Ga.
Sir: I have the honor to report that John Scharimityky
has been turned over to the Sheriff to be held subject to the order of the Governor .for keeping his barroom open. This barroom is the property of Mr. Lackman, and they had been selling liquor in open violation for the last couple of days. .Ai detective was put on the case to watch Lackman's place, and reported fifteen or twenty people going in and out, and at the time -of the arrest six or seven negroes and white people were on the inside.
There are several violations of this kind going on and I respectfully request that the Commanding Officer will con ider the matter well before turning this man loose, as it is my intention to make a written report of the liquor violations to the City Council a. soon a the :Martial Law is recalled.
Re pectfully, G. P. ELLIOTT, Cbief of Police.
COPY:
ATTESTED:
ABRAM LEVY,
Major 1st. Infy. N. G. Ga.
77

11\ LO RE 6l. ARMORY, AUGUSTA, GA. October 3d 1912.
From: Commanding Officer, To: Local Freight Agent Central of Ga. Railroad. Subject: DELIVERING HIPMENTS TO EAR-BEER
DEALERS. You are hereby authorized to deliver shipments addressed to near-beer dealers on application of consignee, when approved by the Chief of Police and accompanied by a police officer.
ABRAM LEVY, :Major 1 t. 1nfry. I . G. Ga.
COpy:
ATTESTED: ABRAM LEVY, Major 1st. 1nfy. I . G. Ga.
I CLOSURE 62.
ARMORY, AUGUSTA, GA. October 3d, 1912.
From: Commanding Officer, Augusta Station. To: Local Freight Agent C. & W. C. Railroad. Subject: DELIVERING SHIPMENTS TO NEAR-BEER
DEALERS. You are hereby authorized to deliver shipments
addressed to near-beer dealers on application of con-
sign'ee, when approved by the Chief of Police and aceompanied by a police officer.
ABR,AM LEVY, Major 1st. 1nfy. N. G. Ga.
COpy:
APPROVED: ABRAM LEVY, Major 1st. 1nfy. N. G. Ga.
78

II LOSURE 63. ARMORY, AUGUSTA, GA. October 3d, 1912.
From: Commanding Officer, Augusta Station. To: Local Freight Agent Southern Railroad. Subject: D/ELIVERING SHIPMENTS TO NEAR-BEER
DEALERS.
You are hereby authorized to deliver shipments addres ed to near-beer dealer on application of conio-nee, when approved by the Chief of Police and accompanied by a police officer.
ABRAM LEVY, "Uajor 1 t. Infy. . G. Ga. COPY: ATTESTED: ABRAM LEVY, :llajor 1st. Infy. . G. Ga.
I CLOSURE 64. ABMORY, AUGUSTA, GA. October 3d, 1912.
From: Commanding Officer, Augusta Station. To: Local Freight Agent Southern Railroad, Subject: l1.ELIVERING SHIPMENTS TO EAR-BEER
DEALERS.
You are hereby authorized to deliver shipments addressed t.o near-beer dealers on application of conignee, when approved by the Chief of Police and accompanied by a police officer.
ABRAM LEVY, Major 1 t. Infy. N. G. Ga. COPY: ATTESTED: ABRAM LEVY, Major 1st. Infy. N. G. Ga.
INCJ-JOSURE 65. ARMORY, AUGUSTA, GA. October 3d, 1912.
From: Commanding Officer Augusta Station.
79

To: Local Freight Agent Georgia Railroad. Subject: DtELlVERI G SHIPM:ENTS TO NEAR-BEER
DEALER. You are hereby authorized to deliver shipments addres ed to near-beer dealers on application of consignee, when approved by the Ohief of Police and a companied by a police officer.
ABRAM: LEVY,
Major 1st. Infy. . G. Ga.
COPY: ATTESTED:
ABRAM: LEVY, '!ajor 1st. Infy. N. G. Ga.
INOLOSURE 66.
ARMORY, AUGUSTA, GA. October 3d, 1912.
From: OommandinO' Officer Augu ta tation. To: Local Freight Agent Georgia Railroad. .. ubject: lliLIVERI~G HIPM:E1\TS TO NEAR-BEER
DEALERS. You are hereby authorized to deliver shipments addressed to near-beer dealer on application of consio'nee, when approved by the Ohief of Police and accompanied by a police officer.
ABRAM LEVY,
:Major 1st. Infy. . G. Ga.
COPY: ATTESTED:
BRAM LEVY, fajor 1 t. Infy. . G. Ga.
INOLOSURE 67.
ARMORY, AUGUSTA, GA. October 3d, 1912.
From: Oommanding Officer, Augusta Station. To: Local Freight Agent Atlantic Coast Line. Subject: DELIVERING SHIPMENTS TO EAR-BEER
DEALERS. You are hereby authorized to deliver shipments
80

addressed to near-beer dealers on application of consignee, when approved by the Chief of Police and aJccompanied by a police officer.
.ABRAM LEVY, Major 1st. Infy. . G. Ga.
COpy:
ATTESTED: ABRAM LEVY,
Major 1 t. Infy. . G. Ga.

I CLOSURE 68.

ARMORY, AUGUSTA, GA. October 3d, 1912.
From: Commanding Officer AJugusta Station.
To: Local Freight Agent Georgia & Florida R. R.
Subject: DELIVERING SHIPMENTS TO NEAR-BEER DEALERS.
Y.ou are hereby authorized to deliver shipment addressed to near-beer dealers on application of

consignee, when 'approved by the Chief of Police and a,ccompanied by a police officer.

ATTESTED:

.ABRAM LEVY, Major 1 t. Infy. . G. Ga.

COPY:
ABRAM LEVY, Major 1st. lilly. N. G. Ga.

INCLOSURE 69. ARMORY, AUGUSTA, GA. Oct. 6th, 1912.
From: Commanding Officer, Augusta Station. To: Jailer Richmond Co. Ga. Subject: RELEASE OF WALTER FORD.
You will hereby release Walter Ford upon this order.
.ABRAM LEVY, Major 1st. Infy. N. G. Ga.
81

COPY: ATTESTED:
ABRAM LEVY,
"Major 1 t. Infy. 1\. G. Ga.
1.. 1.0 URE 70.
AuO"u ta, Ga., Oct. th, 1912. Major Levy, Dear iT:
I will inform ou that :Mr. heehan at the 1100 Block of Broad, ell whi key the whole day. He has the oda water hop open ju t for a bluff, and we poor liquor men have to clo e our places
N. Du HAM.
1.. LO"( E 7l. AR~{oRY, UGUSTA STATION.
October 5th, 1912. From: ommanding Officer. To: Chief of Police ity of Augu tao
ubject: RELEASE OF J URISDICTIOK ON WALTER ISDELL AND J. W. REEP .
~Iilitary jurisdiction j hereby released on Walter
I dell and J. W. Heep and are turned over to you.
ABRAM LEVY, )Jajor 1 t. Infy. . G. Ga. COPY: ATTESTED: ABRA:\! LEVY, ~ajor 1 t. Infy. J. G. Ga.
IN CLOSURE 72. ARMORY, AUGUSTA, GA. October 5th 1912.
From: Commanding Officer, A'11gusta Station. To : Jailer Richmond o. Ga.
ubject: RELEASE OF PRIVATE PATE. You are hereby dire ted to turn over Private Pate
2

to Lieut. Fletcher, to be brought before the ummary Court for trial.
.ABRAM LEVY,
Major 1st. Infy. J. G. Ga.
COPY:
ATTESTED:
ABRAM LEVY,
Major 1 t. Infy. N. G. Ga.

Major Levy.

I~ CLOSURE 73. AUgll ta Ga., Oct. 10, 1912.

If you don't stop Mr. E. Sheehan from sellinO' whiskey by 12 0 'clock to-day I will send a telegram to the Governor and telling him that you allow whiskey to 'be sold in Augusta, helping murdering motormen and conductor. The boys are in the back of the bottling shop and elling the whole day long, niggers and whites going in there from morning' until

night. Why is he allowed? Is there ome graft' My boss cut me out of my,pay ince he has closed his place, and I don't ee why Mr. Sheehan on the 11 hundredth block can sell whiskey. Do your duty.
Respectfully N. DUNHAM.

COPY:

ATTESTED:

.ABRAM LEVY,
Major 1st. Infy. N. G. Ga.

INCLOSURE 74.
POWER HOUSE, AUGUSTA, GA.
Mr. N. M. Reynolds, Attorney. Augusta, Ga.
Dear Sir: Permission is hereby given your clients, Jones &
Bayne, 815 Broad St., Burdell-Cooper Tobacco Co. 718 Broad St., J. H. Reynolds, Jackson St., Livingston & Toney, 725 Broad St., Wolfe & Lombard, 930 Broad 'St., to open their billiard and pool rooms to
83"

their customers at any time after 11 o'clock a. m.

October 9th, 1912; it being understood, of course,

that no intoxicating drink of any kind are sold or

drank in connection with or about their premises.

Thi October 9th, 1912.

(Signed) THOMAS BARRETT, JR.

Mayor Oity of Augusta.

(Signed) JNO. W. OLARK,

Approved:

8heriff Richmond 00. Ga.

ABRAM LEVY, Major 1st. Infy. . G. Ga.

Commanding Augusta Station.

COPY:

ATTESTED:

ABRAM LEVY,

Major 1st. Infy. . G. Ga.

INOLOSURE 75. Augusta, Ga., Oct. 14th, 1912.
Major Abram Levy, Dear Sir:
As you reque t a report of the shooting on Oentral ..'. b enue on 11th Oct. 12, I respectfully forward certificates of A. S. Clark and others present when the trouble was on.
Yours truly, JOHN W. OLARK, .Sheriff R. O. Ga.
COPY:
ATTESTED: ABRAM LEVY, :Major 1st. Infy. N. G. Ga.

INCLOSURE 76. TATE OF GEORGIA, RICHMOXD COUNTY. Personally appeaTed before Ira C. W!hittle, a Notary Public in and for said State and Oounty, George Jones, who on oath deposes and says that
84

on Jj'riday, Oct. 11th, 1912, I was eutting hay with a band blade on Monte Sano car line. I was about 30 yards from the car track. I heard a car passing but thougbt notbing of it until I heard pistol shots. I turned and looked back. I saw a man on rear of car firing a pistol. This man fired three or four times very fast. I saw a man who I found out later was Mr. A. S. Clark standing by track. I saw Mr. Clark. fire twice at man on car. I beard man on car say come on come on.
his igned) GEORGE X JONES,
mark Witness:
J. T. PLUNKETT, GEORGE A. WHITTLE,
Notary Public Richmond Co. Ga.
COPY:
ATTESTED: ABRAM LEVY, Major 1st. Infy. . G. Ga.
INCLOSURE 77. STATE OF GEORGIA, RICHMOND COUNTY.
Per onally appeared before me, Albert S. Clark, wbo on oath deposes and says on F1riday Oct. lltb, ]912, about one o'clook I was on duty on Monte Sano
ar Line under Sberiff Clark. I left Morris corner at about five minutes to one o'clock and rode my bicycle slowly down tbe track. A street car passed by me. I saw the conductor standing on rear platform of car. I saw bim with hand to nose wiggling his fingers Oat me: I was riding over a rough plaee in tbe street at the time. I liad to look down at wheel in front of me for a moment and when I raised my bead I saw tbe conductor witb pistol in band firing at me. Just as soon as I could stop and get off my wheel I pulled my pistol and fired at the conductor twiee. As I fired the conductor dodged down behind
85

the end of the car. There were two ladie on car .and I would not shoot any more.
Sworn to before me this October 13th, 1912. (Signed) A. S. CLARK.
InA C. WHITTLE, otary Public Richmond Co. Ga.
I CLOSURE 78. TATE OF GEORGIA, .RICHMOND COUNTY. Per onally appeared before me, Ira C. Whittle, a Notary Public in and for said county and State, Amelia Walton, who on oath ays that he resides at '952 J one St. and works for {I'. Fairbrothers in Monte Sano. I was on my way home :F1riday Oct. 11th, 1912, walking along Monte Sano car line. A man pa ed me on a wheel and a treet car passed by me. I ",aw and heard the conductor on car fire a ]1i tol. I don't know how many hot were fired. I did not ee man on wheel shoot. It frightened me o I don't know much about what happened. I did not ee man on wheel ay or do anythin0' to cause man on car to shoot.
(Signed) AMELIA WALTON. IRA. C. WHITTLE,
otary Public Richmond Co. Ga.
<JOPY:
ATTESTED: ABRAM LEVY, 'Major 1st. Infy. N. G. Ga.
INCLOSURE 79. POWER HousE, AUGUSTA, GA.
Oct. 18th, 1912. To The Commanding Officer,
3 Bat. 1st. Reg. Staff, N. G. of Ga. Augusta, Ga.
From The Commander of the Guard. Sir:
About 10 :15 p. m. I was ittinO' in the office u ed
86

a. headquarters when I heard a woman scream on or near the property of the Aiugusta Ry. & Elec. Power Co. I immediately sent the Sergt. of the Guard to investigate. On his way to the place of eli turbance he came across two men sitting on some poles used by the said Company to string wire , the poles being on the Company's property. I ordered them arrested and brought inside the guard line, and after questioning them found that one of the parties had attacked the woman. I immediately telephoned the Police Department and shortly after Lt. Britt came in and took the partie to Headquarters.
While awaiting the arrival of the police officer and while my back was turned, one of the arrested parties pulled a bottle of whiske'Y out of his pocket and attempted to take a drink, when Sergt. Stephens of Co. B. stopped him after which he began to curse. At the same time a gentleman and a lady happened to pa s. I aw them take the street and first thought they went out 0I! the treet on account of the patrol, but it seems that they saw the bottle of whiskey and heard the cursing, and in passing the sentry at the bridge told him that he was going to come back and report he saw the oldieI' drinking whiskey and they cur ed in the pre ence of his wife, which I am glad to ay that the gentleman was mi taken, as I never even melt whi key on the men's breath, or heard one cur e.
S. P. GREALISH, 2d Lt. 1. t Infy.
COPY:
ATTESTED:
ABRAM LEVY, Major 1st. Infy. N. G. Ga.

I CLOSuRE 80.

POSTAL TELEGRAPH CABLE COMPANY,

Augn ta, Georo-ia, October 10th, 1912.

kI

87

J os. M. Brown, Governor, Atlanta, Ga.
The as asination of two of our trainmen following the incidents of Saturday and Sunday afternoon in which other cars were hot into and further di turbance thi morning in the operation of our car leaves the ituation at pre ent in a mo t critical condi tion. The Augu ta-Aiken Railway & Electric Corporation ha been operatinO' it car re olllarly with competent trainmen ince we were authorized by
rajor Levy on Oct. fir t to restore the car ervice
which had been Sl1 -pended by- hi order Sunday September twenty-ninth. It eem to be the determined effort on the part of the trikers to 0 terrorize our pre ent trainmen and the public who patronize the car as to prevent anyone from riding on our cars.
nder order from {ajor Levy our trainmen are unarmed and absolutely defen ele. 0 O'uardi'! from the ] olice, County deputies or Military are placed on the car for the protection of trainmen or :ra engel' on the car. It wa thouO'ht that hy l1lacinO' police and deputie along the line of the track to patrol it the situation could be held in hand. By deo-ree the number of the e patrol had heen decreased and the ex-trai.nmen and the moh have regained couraO'e to hegin a new campaign of riot. yiolence an murrler. 'T' f' "'ill tio'~ f1t thi time. 0 far a the protection of our property and the. ecurity of the trainmen and the puhlic who de. ire to ride on our cars is mo t eriou. Thi Company ha done everythino' in its power to compo e the difference. "The City Council by a laro-e vote thi morning so declared ayino- the rajIway company had done its full hare and requested the extrainmen and the public to unite in restoring normal car service and peace.
nless 'Orne effective protection is given this Company its property and it trainmen are at the mercy of the mob. Last night the a sassinators who boarded the car on May Avenue the principal street leadinofrom the city to Summerville and shot down our
88

motorman and conductor have escaped and no arrests have been made. The police authorities were notified about one hour and a half or two hours beforehand that groups of suspicious men were upon May Avenue where the shooting took place but there were no police or county deputies present at the time of the shooting. The Mayor and Council to-day have offered one thousand dollars reward and this company has added to that sum two thousand dollars for the arrest and conviction of the assassins. The e facts doubtless have been reported to you by Major Levy and the Mayor and the Sheriff, but this Company feels that it is due you to directly state these facts and to earnestly request the protection of its property including the right to operate its cars and to receive protection for its trainmen and passengers against violence of the mob. This is written not only as the General Counsel of tbe Company but as a citizen of Augusta.
BOYKIN WRIGHT.
opy:
ATTESTED:
ABRAM LEVY,
fajor 1st. Infy. N. G. Ga.
INCLOSURE 81. Augusta, Ga. Oct. 10, 1912.
To Major Abram Levy, Amm ta Ga.
I take thi method of re pectfully informing you that a few minutes aO'o II'. pofford, Supt. Augu tao Aiken Ry. & Electric Corporation, came up to me on Broad Street, about the front of Gardell' store, Augusta, Ga., and . aid very abruptly, "Cornelius how long are you going to tay in thi town'" I aid, "I don't know, I haven't any idea of leaving at pre ent." Mr. pofford. aid, "You'd better." I said, "Is that so. That won't make me 0'0 a moment ooner." Mr. pafford then aid," I'm not looking for any trouble with you but you'd b tter get out of
!)

this town." I said" that won't make me do it." Mr. Spofford said, "well you'd better, you're in for it proper." He said something as he walked off, which I did not understand.
If this conduct on the part of Mr. Spofford, Supt. Augusta-Aiken Ry. and Electric Corporation wa a violation of law, I respectfully reque t his immediate arrest.
Yours respectfully, R. CORNELIUS.
COPY:
ATTESTED:
ABRAM: LEVY,
Major 1st. Infy. N. G. Ga.
INCLOSURE 82. Atlanta, Ga., Oct. 10, 1912.
Hon. Boykin" right, Augu ta, Ga.
Replying to your telegram of thi date, it i primarily the duty of the beriff and police to preserve order in tbe street and prevent interference with your car. They hould be impre sed with the necesit: of di cbarO'inO'thi duty fully wb\ch can be done by proper patrolling. 1ilitary can not be u ed for the purpo e of operating car.
Paragraph 7 of Proclamation regarding unauthorized assemblie sbould be enforced by police and sheriff.
Your men can lawfully hear arm if. worn in a. deputies by heriff or chief of police.
All good citizen of Au!Z'u ta bonld ee that lawIe ne complained of i prevented b:- 10 al anthoritie .
J OSBPH M. BRo,,"x, Goyernol'.
COPY:
ATTESTED:
A BRAM: LEVY,
Major 1st. Inf~. N. G. Ga.
90

INCLOSURE 83. Atlanta, Ga., Oct. 10, 1912.
Hon. Henry C. Hammond, Judge Superior ourt, Augusta, Ga.
Am advised that suspicious assembly of men who killed street car employees last night were reported to Police and Sheriff two hours before the killing~ with request that they be di persed and no action was taken to prevent trouble.
May I ask that you instruct your Sheriff to use uch power as the law confers upon him to protect the peace.
There should be constant conferences and cooperation between civil authorities and military commander.
JOSEPH M. BROWN, Governor.
COPY: ATTESTED:
ABRAM LEVY, Major 1st. Infy. . G. Ga.
INCLOSURE 84. A PROCLAMATION TO THE PUBLIC. WHEREAS, the operation of the cars of the AugustaAiken Railway & Electric Corporation having been ordered discontinued by Military authorities in charge of the City of Augusta; and WHEREAS, upon the request of the said Augu taAiken Railway & Electric Corporation, the Military have this day withdrawn the order prohibiting the running of car on the tracks of the Augusta-Aiken Railway & Electric Corporation; and WHEREAS, the Augusta-Aiken Railway & Electric Corporation as a tax payer has demanded of the {ayor of the City of Augusta, and the Sheriff of the County of Richmond, the protection of its property and emplo es in the operation of its cars,Xow, THEREFORE, the Mayor of the City of Au-
91

gusta and the Sheriff of Richmond County, as the executive authorities of the City of Augusta and the CoUh~ of Richmond, do hereby proclaim to the public that on Wednesday, October 2nd, 1912, at 10 o'clock A. M., the cars of the Augusta-Aiken Railway & Electric Corporation will be started in operation, and the police of the City of Augusta, and the Sheriff of Richmond County, through its posses, have arranged to guard and protect the said Railway and the person of the employes of said Railway from interference or injury of any character whatever.
The public is' further advised that all persons engaged in interfering with the lawful and peaceful operation of the cars of the said Corporation will be immediately arrested, and delivered to the Military authorities for confinement pending the decision of the Governor as to the manner of trial as set forth in paragraph 5 of the Governor's Proclamation dated September 27th, 1912, declaring a state of insurrection in City of Augusta.
JOHN W. CLARK, Sheriff Richmond County.
THOMAS BARRETT JR.,
Mayor City of Augu tao Approved:
BRAM LEVY,
Major 1st Infy., N. G. Ga. Commanding Po t of ugu tao
COPY:
ATTESTED:
ABRAM LEVY,
Major] st Infry., N. G. Ga.
IN LOSURE 85. Augusta, Ga., Oct. 18 '12.
To the Commanding Officer Augusta Station: Inasmuch a the strike has been declared off, and
order fully restored, I request that I be allowed to j ~ue an order relieving all commerciaI place
92

affected under the paragraph of the Governor'8 Proclamation of September 27th, 1912.
I deem that all troops may now be relieved. THOMAS BARRETT, JR., Mayor C. A.
Armory, Augusta, Ga. Oct. 19, '12. Approved:
ABRAM LEVY, Major 1st Infry., N. G. Ga. Commanding Augusta Station.
COpy:
ATTESTED: ABRAM LEVY, Major 1st Infry., N. G. Ga.
INCLOSURE 86. Armory.
From: Commanding Officer, Augusta, Station. To: Sheriff, Richmond County, Ga.
Subject: ARREST OF H. CLISTON.
Upon investigation :find that H. Cliston. arrested by your deputy on Oct. 11th, 1912, should be held under civil authority, and 0 release military jurisdiction.
ABRAM: LEVY, Major 1st. lnfy. N. G. Ga. Commanding _ u~sta . tation.
COPY:
ATTESTED: ABRAM LEVY, Major 1st Infry., N. G. Ga.
INCLOSURE 87. ugusta, Ga., Oct. 3rd. '12.
The Adjutant General, Georgia State Troops, Atlanta, Ga.
On the evening of September 27th. in the heat of
93

pa ion I ent you a telegram that I would like to

retract.

Hoping that you will accept this as an apology,

I am,

Respectfully,

C. W. WILSON.

COPY:
ATTESTED: ABBA)! LEVY, . "Major 1st Infry.. N. G. Ga.

INCLO URE 8.
Warne boro, Ga., Sept. 30, 1912.
To: The Adjutant General, . G. Ga., Atlanta, Ga.
From: The C. O. Co. E, 1st Infy., N. G. Ga., Waynes.boro, Ga.
ubject: RIOT DUTY, AUGUSTA, GA.
In pursuance of telephone order from the Adjutant General received at,.., :45 P. M. (Central Time), Frida , Sept. 27 1912, Co. E reported for duty at Armory.
1 t. . O. mre upt. Wright of Central of GeorO"ia Ry. for 1>ecial train for Augu tao
2nd. upt. Wright of C. R. R. furnishes special train at 11 :30 P. ~I. ( entral Time) and instructs a ent to acceI t order of . O. on Adjutant General for tran portation.
3rd. ompany entrain "ith three (3) officer and t"enty-five (25) enli ted men.
4th. Co. E. detrains at nion Station, Augusta, Ga., 1 :30 A. :JJ. (Ea tern Time), Sept. 28th, 1912, met by automobile from ~ajor Levy transported to Po"er Hou. e of Augu ta Railway & Electric Co.
-tho C. O. report to Major Levv for duty at 2 :00 _\. }I. (Ea tern Time) and was immediately placed on O"uard on Fifteenth treet (Power House) an] remained on duty at Au u ta until relieved per orIel' ~o. se'-en (7) 1fajor Levy, at 1 :10 P. M. (Ea~t rn Time), . ept. 29th 1912.
94:

-,(
6th. Company arrive at Horne Station at 2:40 P. M. (Central Time), Sunday, Sept. 29th, 1912.
M. C. COHEN, Captain Commanding, o. E 1 t mfy. . G. Ga.
COPY:
ATTESTED: ABRAM LEVY, {ajor 1st Infy. . G. Ga.
INCLOSURE 89. Waynesboro, Ga., Oct. 17, 1912.
(Through Military Channels). From: C. O. Co. E" 1st Infy., Waynesboro, Ga. To: Adjutant General, State of Georgia. Subject: RIOT DUTY, AUGUSTA, GA.
1. In pursuance of telephone order, verified by telegraph, received at 2 :00 P. M. (Central Time) Company E wa assembled at Armory at 2 :30 P. M. on Friday, Oct. 11 1912 and entrained for AuO'usta at 5:35 P. M.
2. Co. E reported to {ajor Levy at Armory in AuO'u ta, Ga'., at :00 P. M.' (Ea tern Time).
3. Company wa ordered to remain in Armory until 12 :30 then tran ported to Power Plant for duty.
4. Company wa immediately placed on dut~ at Power Plant and remained on duty until 5 :30 P. 1. Sunday morninO', Oct. 13th 1912, when tiley were relieved and ordered to report to rajor Levy at the rrnory.
5. Company wa ordered to return to home tation on 9 :20 train unday nip:ht, but. order was res inded by Col. 0 'Leary. and Company ordered to remain at rmory until Monda~ morninO' a 7:30 . M.
6. bove order. uper. eden b~- order to remain at Armory indefinitely by Col. 0 'Leary.
7. Company ordered by Major Le,'Y to return to
home station at 5 :30 P. nL. entrained at 9 :20. ar-
rived at home station at 9 :40 P. M. (Central Time
95

Company stands ready to return to Augusta for duty, immediately, when ordered.
M. C. COHEN, Captain Co. E, 1st Infy., N. G. Ga. COPY: ATTESTED: ABRAM LEVY, Major 1st Infy., N. G. Ga.
INCLOSURE 90.
ARMORY, TROOP "K," 2d SQDR. CAVALRY,
NATIONAL GUARD OF GEORGIA.
AUGUSTA, GA., Oct. 10th, 1912.
From: Capt. J. C. Dempsey, Troop "K," 2d Sqdr. Cav., N. G. Ga.
To: The Adjutant General, State of Georgia, Atlanta, Ga:
Subject: REPORT OF RIOT DUTY PERFORMED BY TROOP "K," 2d SQDR. CAV., SEPTEMBER 27TH TO 30TH, 1912.
I have the honor of respectfully advising that at 1:3'0 A. M., Sept. 27th, I was notified that the troops had been ordered out for riot duty, and to report to the Armory at once. I immediately complied with the above direction, and on arrival at the Armory, eon ulted Major Levy and he ordered me to order out my ttOOps. I called up my Lieutenants and First
ergeant and we at once started assembling our men. At 10 :00 I reported to Major Levy with 44 men and three officer .
We acted tmder orders of Major Levy. One platoon under Lt. Young was ordered to the Power House for the purpose of patrolling the streets in that vicinity, and one platoon under Lt. Williamson was ordered to the lower car-barn to patrol the streets about this point. Later Lt. Williamson's platoon wa brought to the Power House and the Troop continued to perform patrol duty about the Power Plant until relieved on Sunday night, Sept.
0G

30th. The conduct and behavior of each and every member of the Troop during this duty was of the best.
Respectfully submitted, J. C. DEMPSEY,
Capt. Commanding Troop "K," 2d Sqdr. Cav., N. G. Ga.
COPY:
ATTESTED:
BRAM LEVY,
Major 1 t Infy., N. G. Ga.
INOLOSURE 91.
Armory, Troop "K," 2d Sqdr. Cavalrv,
National Guard of Georgia. Augusta, Ga., Oct. 10th, 1912.
From: Capt.J. C. Dempsey, Troop "K," 2d Sqdr.
Cav., N. G. Ga. To: The djutant General, State of Georgia, At-
lanta, Ga. Subject: Report of Riot Duty performed by Troop
"K," 2d Sqdr. Cavalry, October 4th to 7th.
At 6:00 P. 1\f. October 4th, Major Levy called me over the telephone and ordered me to have one platoon report to him at the Armory for duty. At about 7:00 o'clock P. M., Lieutenants Young and Williamson who relieved one another during this tour of duty, reported to Major Levy. They remained on duty at the Armory until relieved October 7th at 7:00 P. M.
Re pectfully . ubmitted, J. C. DEMPSEY,
Capt. Commanding, Troop "K," 2d Sq. Cav., N. G. Ga. P. S.-Enclosed is list of expenses for entire tour of duty.
COPY:
ATTE TED:
ABRAM LF"'Y
)[ajor 1 t Iufy., . G. GR.
97

I CLOSURE 92.
Augusta, Ga., 21 October, 1912.
From: The Commanding Officer, Co. D, 1st Inf., N. G. Ga.
To: Commanding Officer, 3rd Batt. 1st Infy., N. G. Ga.
Subject: REPORT RIOT DUTY.
On September 27th, 1912, thi company waS' ordered to report to the Augusta Armory for Riot Duty, and in response to the order the Commanding Officer, George Hains, and forty-one enlisted men assembled at the Augusta Armory until about 6 P. M., at which time it was ordered to report to the Power House. The Company then went to the Power Hou e and carried along with it the Gatlin gun stationed at th rmory and remained at the Power House with it full strength of forty-one men until Monday, the 30th of September, after which date the Commanding Officer, together with thirteen enJi ted men were detailed to remain at the Power House with similar details from the other two Infantry Companie at this post; the remaining men of the company being dismissed. On October 11th the
ommanding Officer wa again ordered to assemble thi company at the Armory. This was done immediately and the cO'mpany remained on duty through the 13th of October after which date the company wa di mi ed with the exception of the men at the Power House and the CommandinO" Officer, who was detailed again for duty at that place. The Commanding Officer with the detail, remained on duty at the Power HOll e when on October 16th this company wa ordered again to report to the Armory. This order was obeyed immediately and this compan~7, a a consequence, remained on duty through the 1 th day of October, after which it was dismi ed. On October 19th, 1912, the Commanding Officer was relieved from duty. During the time of this-duty no disturbance, violence or disorder of any
98

nature ha come under tLe ilmnediate . urveillance of the Commanding Officer of thi Company.
GEORGE IlAINS,
Captain Co. D, 1st Infy., N. G. Ga.
COpy:
ATTESTED:
ABTIAM LEVY)
Major 1 t Infy., N. G. Ga.
INCLOSURE 93. rmors, .Augu'ta, Ga. October 24, '12. From: ommanding Officer, Co. A, 1st Inf., . G. Ga. '1'0: Po t Commander. Jnhjeet: REPORT. 1. In accordance with your orders over the telephone at 2 :30 A. M. September 27th, 1912, I reported to .Armory immediately and about 4 o'clock A. ~r. had as embled my Company consi tinO' of three officers and 3 men ready for duty. 2. We were held at .L rmory in readiness until 5 :30 P. M., wlien in pur uance of Field Orders No.1, ~ept. 27, 1912 I a. umed command of Co. B and one l1atoon of Company A and marched to the Power Plant of the UO'u ta- iken Railway & Electric Corporation on 15th treet marching via Campbell and Greene Street. . pon arrival at Power Plant I di co ered that a mob wa a embling at the corner of Broad and 15th Rtreet , northeast of power plant. There wa also quite an assemblage of persons' on Greene treet we. t of Enterprise Mills who were makinO' threat and cur ing the troops. 3. After a moment of viewing and sizing up the ituation and taking into consideration the fact that
th rom would c]o e at . ix o'clock, it was deemed
advi abl to clo e J5th Street. I immediately ordered a relief formed and posted two sentinels acro;,s Greene , treet, a hort distance east of 15th
treet to tre tle northwe t of Greene Street, one on oath ide of Gre ne Street and bridge across canal, two on bridO'e and wa on my way up the canal bank
99

about one hundred and fifty yards from the bridge' when the firing began.
4. The e entinels were given orders to allow noone to pass the line which we had established, and in the event that anyone attempted to pass or break through the line " to halt them and hold them back with bayonet as long as possible, and if they then made any attempt to break through to fire, but fire low.
5. I asked Oaptain J owitt to assist me in having' the entinels posted as I considered the situation very grave at this time, and he wa ' in performanceof his duty when. the firing took place.
6. I wa not an eye-witness to the shooting. As stated above I wa on the canal bank fully 100 yards from where the firing took place. My object in beingat tbi place was to see that the sentinels who wereto be placed at thi point were given the proper instructions a it was a very vital point.
J AS. F. HENDERSON, Oaptain 00. A, 1st Inf.
COpy:
ATTE TED:
ABRAM LEVY,
Major 1st Infy., N. G. Ga.
I OLOSURE 94. Augusta Ga., October 21st, '12.
From: 2nd 'Lieut. Troop "K," 2nd Oav.
To: Post ommander. Subject: RIOT DUTY.
Oomplying with Order No.1, dated September 27, 1912, I proceeded with one platoon of Troop K, tolower car barn via. Reynolds and Third Streets, leaving Armory at 5 :10 P. M. arriving at car barn about 5 :25 P. M. On my arrival at car barn I found everything quiet and no sign of trouble at all. I posted patrols on all roads leading to car barn and remained there until relieved by infantry. About th time that the infantry arrived I received a tele-
100

phone me sage from you saying to proceed with my platoon to power house on Fifteenth Street and to get there as quickly as possible as some trouble was expected. The infantry relieved me, I assembled my pia toon and proceeded to the power house at the gallop via Third and Greene treet, leaving the car barn at about 6 :30 P. M. When I arrived at Greene treet bridge I saw a large crowd of people in th road near the power house and S'ent a man forward to see what the trouble was and if we would hav to force our way through. The man returned with the information that two citizens were shot by :oldj r~ on guard at the power house and we would not have to force our way through. I arrived at the power house with my platoon about 6 :40 P. M., and found everything there in a state of excitement over the hooting. I reported to you and you ordered me to hold my platoon in reserve.
W. E. WILLlA.MSON, 2nd Lieut. Troop "K," 2nd Cav.
OPY:
ATTE TED: ~\BP.Al\] LEVY,
11ajor 1st Infy., N. G. Ga.

INCLOSURE 95.

Augusta, Ga.; ovember 1. t, 1912.

From: The Commanding Officer, Co. B, 1st -Inf.,

. G. Ga.

To: The CominandinO' Officer, 3'rd Bat., lsi Inf.,

. G. Ga.

ubject: REPORT OF RIOT DUTY. 1. A per your request this date, I beg to submit

thi , my report.

2. When the platoon of Company A, and my com-

pany reached the power plant, Lieut. Young and

a platoon of cavalry were in charge. I conferred

with apt. Henderson as to the posts, etc. I asked

apt. Henderson what his order, were. He said the

_.~

101

fEt~';:~~

.'treet ' were to be closed, halt everybody, and if they did not halt, to fire, if necessary. He asked me to help him post his men, as he wanted them posted before the mills shut down, and to transmit the order. to the men.
2. Capt. Hendel' on was in the street between the main gate of power hous'e and bridge, I think posting relief. I was tandino' at the gate. Crowds began advan ing from Broad Street and Enterprise )JillR closing.in on the lin s. 2\1any were turned b8 k [Iud others seemed determined to break through threatening and cursing the troops. Mr. Dorne and
:vrr. Baker started from Broad Street in a buggy.
\\ hen th y reached the fir t treet, which waf': the challeno-in o' point (about one hundred and fifty yard. from plant) the 'Jentinel ommanded them to halt. By the time they reached the first sentinel, the horse was running full peed. They pas ed the first man. When they aw me one drew his revolver and began firing at me. I do not know how many times I wa. fired upon. I think three. It was then the s'entinel began :firing. The peed of the horse never decrea ed and continued over the brid e.
3. In tlle ca. e of :!'Ifr. Wil on he wa notified by a policeman not to come to the power house as h~ could not get through. He told the policeman that he thought he could. .He was then advi. ed that if he still insi. ted upon going,' to take his wife and child out of the machine and leave them behind. Thi. he refused to do and commenced advancing, .aying the hoy would let him through. He wa. halted at the . arne point that Mr. Dome and Mr. Baker were, but continued to advance. The men shouted to him to llalt. I saw that they would fire, and ..houted to them not to. Tho e farthest awav evidently did not hear and fired. I stopped the firin;" a' . oon a. po ible. I understand that }Ir. Wil on wa not hit. He drew a pistol and told the guard tllRt lw would. hoot him. The. entinel had Mr. Wil~ on ('oYel'pr] with hiR rifle. If it had not b 11 tllat T
12

commanded him not to fire, Mr. Wilson would have been killed.
4. In case of Mr. Ohristie, I did not see the machine until it was' being fired upon. It passed through the lines in front of plant, turned and pa ed through other lines in direction of Broad Street. I topped the firing as soon as I could. The curtain, were up, which made it impossible to see the onditi n of occupant-in ide.
.-. :Jlr. Dorne and hiS' companion were notified by a policeman on Broad Street that they could not come up that treet a the troops had orders to halt everyone.
6. The reason why the remaining sentinel were not posted immediately- as per Field Order No.1, is that the firing began before it could be accomplished, and it wa neces ary that I remain and control the firing a much a possible until you could be communicated with.
7. fter your arrival at the Power Plant, you order d me to take charge of the exterior of both plant and the rear of the upper plant, which inelu led practically everything, except the immediate front. entrie were 1 0 ted on the canal bank extending fro'll the front of the upper plant to beyond the 1 "er plant. There wa one sentry which wa po ted a an ntpo t about five hundred yard be~~ond thi.: line to command a better view of the np1 l' canal bank, a quad of five men under a non('orumi .. ioned officer, in rear of the upper plant to C01l1man 1 tlle a1 proache~ to the bridO'e (which had already be u torn up), and the underbrush on the
th l' ide of the other canal which emptied into IIawk Gulley. second squad of five men were po ted in the coal chute which also overlooked the underbru hand bridO'e. Between the e two squad I bad mounted an electri search lio-ht under the opera tion of two men. Thi light enabled both . quad. to . e the treet J a ling t the rear of the ]l1"1llt, the rear of be hou e in that vi inity, al 0
103

weeds and nnderbru 'h and the ,ewer from upper plant wbich opened into the econd canal. Three men were. tationed in vicinity of stables which is a ontinul:l tion of the entries of that side, to prevent anyone from fording the small canal or gaining entrance under cover of the nnderbrush. On the top of tbe upper plant I had a second search light mounted and a quad of five men on the'roof of the building. I deemed this adyisable as this approach offered excellent cover due to telegraph poles being between plant and first street. ' Without light at thiS' point it would have been very easy for a determined mob to hay crawled among these pole . This would have given us temporary annoyance. The tationery light in front. of the plant I had a switch cut in 0 in ca e of an attack we could have turned it out without interfering with the other city lights. I had the globes broken on those on the canal bank, to give the sentries a better opportnnity for ob ervation. Those on the other side of the plant, neal' the coal chute, were al 0 turned out, leaving no lights on the sentry lines excepting our search light .
8. fter reporting to you information received from Mr. Will Twigg, that is, 1,500 pounds of dynamite had been tolen and the acces ibility of tbe underground ew r to the upper pow r plant I deemed it advisable to ob truct this passage before nightfall, a the po ting of the men required my per onal attention, and I did not have time to make a thorough inv ligation but 1 laced timb I' , 4x4, in the man-hole which opened into the yard. This would have prevented anyone entering on the other ide of the canal and crawling under the power plant.
9. Later during the night there was some firing in rear of the plant. I went to that location to investi- ' gate. The sentry reported that four men had approached from the rear under cover of the underbrush and when halted by them they split, running
104

in the direction of the plant. He fired at one of the men and called the Corporal of the Gua~d. I made a search and also sent some men into the underbrush but was unable to find anyone there. It was reported from the squad in the coal chute that they had also seen men in the weeds within sixty feet of the plant. T'hey were unable to fire, as the operator -of the light would not hold it long enough in any one place. A quad was sent into these weeds which were ten or fifteen feet high and drove out those who were there. While on top of the building with the search light I discovered a mob of about fifty men crossing the trestle and endeavoring to get into the mall canal, which was fordable up to the power plant. I sent a messenger to you to report the facts and asked for instructions. Before the messenger returned they were routed and ran back in the direction of Broad Street, by the glare of the light.
Lieut. Williams, of Troop K, took a squad and went to the tre tIe and inspected underneath and vicinity. I also went into the telegraph poles with a quad, after the sentry had fired upon some one whom he said was trying to crawl up to the plant.
10. The following day you called a meeting of the officers and advised us that you had very authentic information that the upper plant had been mined with dynamite, wired and could be exploded at any time. You al 0 tated that two non-commissioned officer had volunteered to enter this sewer for the purpo e of inve tigation. After giving us this information you a ked for an officer to volunteer to take charge of these men and conduct the investigation, and, if the dynamite was found, to remove it.. I volunteered to perform this duty and asked, as these two men's lives were in my hands, to leave the inve tigation and the methods' entirely to me, which you immediately consented to do. I immediately di patched a cavalry patrol to the opening of the
ewer which was located on the other side of the canal and in tructed them to allow no one to enter
105

or leave the sewer and to also watch all houses in the vicinity, and report direct to me any suspicious actions of any of the occupants.
I dispatched Sergeant Mose Levy for wire cutters and a rope. Sergeant Gwin was sent in search of a lantern. As there were no lanterns at the power plant it was necessary that we make our investigation by triking matches. I ordered Sergeant Gwin to remove the 4x4' , which I had placed there the night before, from the opening in ide of the yard.
ergeant Levy accompanied me from the bridge to the other opening. Upon arriving we investigated the immediate vicinity and found a coil of wire near the man-hole, which was found open when the cavalry arrived. By mean of a rope we entered and were lowered about twenty feet into the s'ewer. It was with much difficulty. In fact, I had to order SerO"eant L vy not to enter the man-hole until I had fir t been lowered. The diameter of the ewer was about three feet and the water wa twelve or fourteen inches deep. With the aid of matches we made a diligent search, both for wire and dynamite, reaching the opening in the yard by the time SerO'eant Gwin had removed the obstruction. EmerginO" from thi opening went to the lower plant and made an inve tigation there. I then ordered the e obtructions returned to the man-hole, and reported to you.
I can not give the e two men the amount of cr dit that i due them and will ay, that no one could have acted more heroically than they did under the report that they had received, and would re pectfully uO"ge t that everything be done to have the State recoQ"llize and commend their actions.
11. During the time of the third call I was at the . ommercial Club being shaved. Mr. Pardee, VicePresident of the Augusta-Aiken Railway & Electric Corporation telephoned and a ked if I could come b~- th hotel. I told him that I did not think it adyi. abl con iderin o' the feel in o' that ex-i. ted in
106

Augusta at that time. He then suggested that he come to the club. He came over and told me that he had received from one of his detectives information that nine policemen and fifteen rioters, some drunk and some drinking, threatening to shoot up the town, were located in a house on Ellis Street, and that access could be obtained through a tin shop on Campbell Street, then through a yard and a hole in the fence. I a ked him if he had reported this to the police or to Col. 0 'Leary. He . aid that he did not want to report it to the Police, and h had tried, but was unable to find Col. 0 'Leary, therefore, could not make the report. While we were talking a gentleman aid that Col. 0 'Leary was in the King Mill office. I immediately reported the facts and gave him a diagram that was given me of how to obtain access to this house. He ordered me to go back to the Armory, take a company, and arrest everyone I found there. A none of the Augu ta companie W' re intact, (bein on duty at the power plant)", I ordered Capt. Cohen to as emble his company. Col. 0 'Leary then came to the Armory and told me to hold them in readines . and accompany him in an aut<YIDobile. We made a personal in pection of the surrounding building., went to the Police Barracks, and he sent me back to the rmory. t the expiration of an hour I heard no more so had the company dismis ed. During thi tim you were not at the Armory.
12. In conclu i n I had forty-four men actually on duty during the. trike period. This doe not include tho e who were excused by me for sickness after being examined by Major Lyle. In every in. tance, when a man wa reported as . ick, I had him examined by a physician. 11 men not accounted for were reported out of the city.

COPY:

THAD C. JOWITT,

ATTESTED:

Capt. 00. B., 1. t Tnft.,

l3:RA~ LEVY,
:J a: or 1. t Tnfy.. K T. Ga.

. G. Ga.

1-

IN LOSURE 96.

Augusta, Ga., Sept. 30, '12.

From: Lieut. Young, Troop K, 2nd Cav.

To: Commanding Officer Augusta Station.

Subject: RIOT DuTY.

In compliance with Field Order No.1, I assembled

the first Platoon of the troop and proceeded at 5 :02,

on September 27th, 1912, to Power Plant, via Rey-

nold and Fifteenth Streets, arriving there, reported

to you by telephone at 5 :10. Proceeded to at once

picket my men in front of plant and to notify those

passing that the plant would be occupied by Infantry

and for them not to pass again this way.

As soon as the Infantry arrived and entered plant

I returned via Greene and Campbell Streets.

At 6 :05 received your orders to proceed at once

to plant and disperse crowd as reports had been

received of rioting. Immediately proceeded at a

O'allop up Reynolds, sending one man ahead. At

15th treet he reported a large crowd at Broad and

15th, about 200. With thi information, had the

Platoon to draw abel' and told them we had to go

through. We tarted at Fifteenth Street at a trot

and at Broad Street went into the gallop up to the

plant, the crowd di per ing quickly as they heard

u coming.

'l"'be remainder of time wa' devoted mostly to

patrol duty.

W. K. YOUNG,

-COpy:

1st Lieut., Troop K, 2nd Cav.

ATTE TED:

ABRAM: LEVY,
Major 1st Infy., . G. Ga.

I FIRE ~T COLUMBUS.
Columbu , Ga., April 29, 191:.. The Aojutant General,
State of Georgia Atlanta, Ga.
108

Sir: I have the honor of reporting that this city was
visited by a disastrous fire in the resident part on Thursday, April 25th, the fire destroying about 42 residences.
At about 3 :30 in the afternoon the Sheriff requested me to turn out the local Military Company for the protection of property, which wa cattered all over the adjoining street and carried there by the occupants of the houses for safety. I immediate. ly ordered Captain Schomburg and his ompany to proceed to the affected district, the Company report. ing there at half past four, Captain Schomburg, Offi eel'S and men remaining on duty from that time until 7:30 a. m. April 26th.
I would request that blanks be furni hed this head quarters in order to enable us to make out the pay rolls incident to this tour of duty.
Very re pectfu1ly, H. MozEN,
Maj. 4th Bat. Inf. N. G. Georgia.
Commanding.
K
FIRE AT GAINESVILLE.
Gainesville, Ga., Dec. 4, 1911.
The Adjutant General, State of Georgia, Atlanta, Ga.
Sir: I have the honor to make the following report of
the services rendered ov. 30 to the City of Gaine ville by Troop F. 2nd. Squad. avo . G. Ga. These services were rendered pursuant to the orders of Mayor Mitchell of Gaine. ville.
Fire broke out in the heart of the city early in the evening of the 30th. A oon a it wa made known to me, I went down to a c rtain if the property of the Troop wa' in dano'er. Finding thi, to be untrue, I
109

found the Mayor about 9 p. m., and received verbal orders from him to put my Troop on guard to quell any excitement and to watch against looting. Call to arms was sounded in the middle of the Square and within 10 minutes twelve Troopers had reported for duty. Having some of my cadets in town with me, I took ten of these, and placed them all on guard. About 10 :30 I relieved all of the cadets with my own men. This gave me 22 enli ted men and two officer including myself. I did not attempt to order out any more as this was a ufficient number to meet the emergency.
Guard duty wa carried on throughout the night which con isted of three posts. In addition a patrol was kept out most of the time. All were relieved at 8 a. m. the next morning.
Very respectfully, J. M. FRAY,
Captain Troop F. 2d. Squad Cav. N. G. Ga.
110

APPENDIX No.3
REPORT
OF THE
ADJUTANT GENERAL
STATE OF GEORGIA
19111912
SUBJECT:
State Inspections

1911 INSPECTION.

STATE OF GEORGIA. THE ADJUTANT GENERAL'S OFFICE
.Atlanta Ga., June 1, 1911.
GENERAL ORDERS.
0.1.
The Report of the Inspector General, National Guard of Georgia, i ' herewith published for the information and guidance of all concerned.
By ORDER OF THE GOVER OR: A. J. SCOTT,
The djutant General.

OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GE ERAL,
ATIO AL G ARD OF GEORGIA,
Atlanta, Ga., June 1, 1911.

The Adjutant General, State of Georgia, Atlanta, Ga.

Sir: I have the honor to ubmit the following as

my report upon the Annual Muster and Inspection

of the ational Guard of Georgia, for the year 1911

and coverino- all matters pertaining to the various

organization for the calendar year of 1910, made

by me under G. 0., No. 12, from your office and dated

December 12th, 1910.

.

This Inspection was made concurrently with that

of the variou U. S. Inspectors detailed, by orders

from Headquarters Department of the Gulf, to

inspect the Organized Militia of the State, the

3

s'chedule having been carefully arranged to that end. Fortunately neither illness nor accident interfered with this schedule, which was accordingly carried out as planned with the exception of one oranization only, the date of the inspection of which was changed for reasons beyond human control.
The Inspection of the Infantry arm, beO'inning January 19th, and ending April 3'rd, was made by First Lieutenant W. H. Clendennin 17th U. S. Infantry for the War Department until the exiO'encie of the service required him to be relieved from this duty, upon 1arch 9th, when he was' ucceeded by Major J. f. William , Coa t rtillery orp, U. S. Army, who completed the In pection of the Infantry, General Staff, Brigade Headquarters, and State
I' enal. The Cavalry In. pection, eO'inninO' April 5th and ending April] 3th, wa. made by Fir t Lieutenant Henry Gjbbin ,9th U. S. avalry. The Artillery In pection beginninO' pril 14th and ending
pril 24th, wa made by econd Lieutenant R. F. Maddux, oa t Artj]]ery orp, . Army.
Due to an unfortunate mi under tandinO' of a change in the order for the In pection of the General
taff and ... ide to the Governor, neither ajor Williams nor myself wa pre ent for the evening Inspection on March 2 th, at the Capitol at Atlanta, both having under tood the hour to have been chanO'ed to the forenoon of that date, when we were both present and inspected all who presented themselves as required. 'rho e who were not pre nt at the time lao t named, but who were preent at the eveninO' In pection hour, are herein reported a present for thi rea on.
Spea]"ring O'enerally, this In pection wa a mo t u ces ful one, probably the mo t O'eneral1y satisfactory one at which I have been present. The U. S. In pector were all competent and intere ted, very patient and helpful to all concerned, while both officers and enlisted men of the Guard appeared to be thoroug~ly interested and re pon ive.
4

Before proceeding to a detailed report upon the various organizations and as a summary of the results found, attention is invited to the following general remarks and recommendations:
IN GENERAL.
There has been general and marked improvement throughout the Guard during the year past, though, a should be expected it has been one of degree only, and the criticisms and recommendations, made by me in former years are still applicable to a greater or Ie extent. In spite of the change made in the method of grading (reducing the agO'regate number of points attainable from 1,000 to 800) which would tend to reduce the percentages obtained, there has been an actual O'ain in averaO'e efficiency; the percenta 'e for the 1910 In pection wa 74.95, while thi 'year it i 75.50, a O'ain of .55. In tabulatinO' the result of the grading, column have been added howing gain or loss in each organization over the !ITadinO' which would have re ulted at the 1910 Inspection had it been made on the arne ba is as at the 1911 Inspection. It will be noted that by thi method the eneral percentage of improvement was found to be 3.02, which i regarded a eminently satisfactory, all condition con idered.
RECORDS.
While the remarks made la t year (G. 0., 0.7, . G. 0., Ga., 1910) still apply, it i found that there ha been very O'reat improvement in practically all orO'anization r cord , though much le in the Corre pondence Book than el ewhere. The average per centage for 10J 0 wa but 75.51 while this year it is 81.14, a gain of 5.53, which i regarded a' excellent.
PROPERTY.
This i the only headinO' under which there appears a loss in efficiency during the 'year, and is wholly attributable to a very general neglect of the rifles and
5

bayonet in by far the larO'er portion of the organization. While largely due to neglect by the organization them 'elve ,thi i at lea t partly due to the failure of the State authoritie to provide organization with the proper material for cleaning the fouling from the bor after firinO'. As a re ult of th lack of proper car or of the proper material, or both, the bor of man of the rifle are now badly "pitted" and the hooting accuracy of the rifl larO'ely impaired.
In all other re pect there ha be n improvem nt in the care and pre ervation of the propert , and ther howd have been a corre pondinO' Q'ain. Actually the 10 s i .71 (three-fourths of one per cent.), tbe difference between 88.25 for 1910 and 87.54 for 1911.
For what is probably the first tim at any In pection in the State, every orO'anization througbout tbe whole tate Guard ha ettled all its property hortaO'e , not only for the ear 1910, but for all previou year al o. Tbi i reO'arded a mo t hiO'hly atifactory and i b lieved to be a !!'reat tep in advanc toward a marked reduction in 10 e in future. Becau e of its importance in many direction, a tabulated tatement ha been made (Appendix C, h reto) >!' of the amount paid by 53 orO'anizati on ; this include all except the variou Headquarter' and Ho pital Corps detachment , no fair method of grading wbich could be found becau e of their mall and variable strenO'th. The Band of the Second Infantry had been mu tered out before the date for it In pection, and tbe re I on ible officer wa very ill and ab ent, hence not available for ettlement with the In pector. For a simila.r rea on o. G, 4th Battalion of Infantry did not ettle its account with the Inspector, while, for varying rea ons, the accounts of o. F, 1 t Inf., and I 2nd Inf., were not settled at the In peetion. All of th above ex ept the Band 2nd Inf. have been. ettled in full ince In peetion,
"" page 55.
6

r
hence the result are at band and can be considered aooordingly.
Upon considering the data included in Appendix C, it will be observed that 25 out of 53 organization had to pay less than $15.00 for their year's sbortage of all kinds; it wa e timated by the Inspector General in 1910 that thi amount should be sufficient for all lo . es incurred where proper effort wa being made to care for the property. While opinion. will naturally differ as to this matter, it would appear that not more than 37 organizations have made proper effort in this direction during the pa t year, the maximum sbortage paid for by them beinO' $59.99, without clothinO' allowance, or $38.29 with clothinO" allowance. In the former ca e there would have been but $3. 9 to pay had the Captain been pre ent and had his property collected, while the latter ca e i that of a Cavalr troop in which larger lo e are to be expected becau e of the large amount of valuable but ea ily lo able property in it equipment. The average lo for the e 37 organization. for which payment wa required wa $12. 0 only.
Of the remaininO' 16 orO'anization , 10 may be conidered to have made but poor effort to care for their property, while the remaininO' 6 eem to have practically neglected the property altoO'ether.
the amount fixed for the 10thinO' allowance ( 1.00 per man for the averaO'e enli ted trenO'tb for the year) wa larO'ely exp rimental, it i intere tmg to compare re ult and ee whether thi i a uffici nt allowance to provide .for leO'itimate lo ses while not encouraging- lack of care. In thi connection, it may be note~ that both the amount "due" and "u ed" have heen increa ed by the 10 per cent. for packinO' and shipping, a a 'mere convenience in com: putation. It will be noted, in ppendix C, that 29 out of 53 organization (or about 55 per cent.) did not n~quire tbe full allowance to cover clothinghortage. But if con ideration be limited to the 37 organization' con. id red to have made due effort to
7

care for their property, it will be found that 75 per cent. succeeded in keeping within the allowance, which is surely proof that it is -sufficient for all.
In this connection, it may be added that the nece sity of paying for lost property was due, in several cases, to neglect 'of organization commander to check their property at the proper time and procure and forward the neces'sary affidavits so that the property could be acted upon by the Survey officer before the" Inspection.
Upon considering the year's history of the organizations in which the largest losses occurred, it becomes more and more evident that such los e are almost wholly due to the fault or neglect of the Captain or Commander. In some cases he turns all property matters over to his Quartermaster Sergeant, without proper precautions toward selecting the proper man for that important position or without exercising due supervision. In too many cases the Captain attemptS' to attend to everything personally (himself) and hence does not have trained men in his company who can attend to matters when he is unable to do so through press of private affairs. In the latter case large losses occur whenever, through illnesS', absence or pressure of private business, the Captain is forced to neglect military affairs even for a short time. The day of "one-man" com-, panies in the National Guard is wholly gone, and forever. No organization can possibly be successful under existing conditions, except through a proper division of work and responsibility among the officer and non-commissioned officers, insuring continuity of care and ability and continued progress toward efficiency. In practically every case where the care of the property has been found up to standard and where the losses are small, it is found that there is an effective system of checking the property in and out, as to the enlisted men, so that the responsibility for each article at all times may be known, while the Captain merely supervises :the rnon-commissioned
8


officers to whom this work i entrusted. In other words, . the successful captains are those who are learning to appreciate the great fact that" the backbone 'Of the Army is the con-commissioned man. "
ATTENDANCE AT DRILLS, ETC.
The average percentage at this Inspection is found .to be 82.63, as against 79.76 for 191Q-a gain of 2.87 per cent. which would be very satisfactory if it could be accepted as reliable. It is believed, however, that there is still some "juggling" with :figure in some organizations, by counting men as present who are excused, while in several organizati'Ons it is still the custom to enter upon the drill report book only those drills at which a satisfactory attendance is' present. In some cases also the custom is adhered to of having alternate drills compulsory, the 'Others being optional, and entering on the record only the attendance at the compulsory drill. It is needle s to add that all of this is in plain violation of orders, regulations, and the instruction printed in the front 'Of the Drill Report Book, and that no Captain has any just excu e for ignorance as to what i required in this regard. The loss in the grading caused by such disregard of proper discipline more than compensates for any gain made in attendance percentaO"e, while the efficiency of the organization i nece arily injured in all way by the maintenance of uch vicious custom. It is al 0 believed that, in many companie , men are discharged for merely temporary inability
to attend drill " on account of the nature of their employment, who would otherwi e be valuable as efficient member of the company. While thi. increa e the attendance percentaO"e it also reduces the percentage of average enlisted strength, causing an actual los , rather than a O"ain in the total percentage of efficiency. Inactive members should, of cour 'e, be gotten rid of a . oon as it i a certained that their intere t or ability to participate in military duties ha di appeared. But all possible effort should also
9

be made to replace each man dicharged a promptly as possible, for any notable efficiency depend -largely upon the trength of the organization, as mere increa e in ize of the company doe much to increa e the interest of all concerned.
GUARD D TY.
The percentage for thi In pection i 70.10 a again t 60.74 per cent. for 1910. Thi i a gain of 9.36 per cent. which i the large t gain under any heading and i very atisfactory indeed. While failure to attain better result is frequently due to the ignorance of inexperienced or worthle s non-commi ioned officer , it is believed that the real reason for lack of greater efficiency i ' the ignorance and lack of intere t. of the officer thernselve. Having little or no experience in the practical performance of guard duty and utterly lackino- in proper appreciation of it fundamental importance a a military duty, officers do not have that intelligent and persi tent intere tin thi dut which i nece ary in order to impre S' it, importance upon the men 'Or ev n properly instruct them. It wa a common experience, at the In pection, to have the Captain or orne officer of the company, cause the Corporal to wrongly po t hi relief when the Corporal had tarted to do 0 corre tly. Such incompetence of officer cannot but have a bad effect in all way upon the in truetion and di cipline of an oro-anization. While it i true that, due to their own lack of intere t and appreciation of it importance the men them elve do not alway learn their General Order fully or ac urately (to ay nothing of the lack of any true tmder tanding of them), it i fully believed that even this is due primarily to the failure of the officers to give proper instruction, and to in i t on proper performance; in other word , the lack of intere t of the men i due to lack of intere t of the officer .
10

TARGET FIRr G.
The percentage thi year wa found to be 26.23 a again t 19.31 per cent. for 1910, a very creditable gain of 6.92 per cent. This gain, however, i found to be due almost wholly to increas'ed outdoor range facilities, and even these were not taken advantage of to the full extent possible. Due to the difference in the private employment of the men of different companies, there i a great and unavoidable difference in the ability of organization commander to get their men to the ranO'e for firing. everthele it is believed that, in this matter al 0, lack of intere t (or of energy) on the part of the officer is largely re ponsible for the lack of interest of the men, and for. onsequent poor results.
s for the gallery (or in-door) firing, it eems to be almo t a total failure, except in a few companie in which it i effectively used a a preparation for out-door firing. While everal organization having no out-door ranO'e did ome in-door firing, not a
inO'le one completed it in-door qualification with a view to a grading under thi headinO". 0 'mall i the intere t developed in in-door firing, where there is no range available for out-door practice, that many of the men have almo t no lmowledo-e of how to load the piece et the sight properly, or allow for wind, or of the u e of the variou part of the
iO'ht it If. a con equence, a large proportion of the men in ome companie are 0 irnorant of and inexperienced in firin O' the piece that in ca e of actual ervice they would be far more of a menace to their comrade than to any enemy.
IN PE TION AND DRILL.
The gradino- under this headino- cover the I erforman e of all military maneuver durino- the In pection and tbe drill followin O' it. The percentage this year wa found to be 73.95 a aO"ain t 69.0 per cent. for] 9] 0, a ati fa tory gain of 4. 7 per ent. There ha been durino- the pa t three year, a tead and
11

noticeable inprovernent in the cer emony of the Inspection, both as to the officers and the commands given by them and as to their peFformance by the men. The same is true, though to a less extent, of the drill itself. And it is' undoubtedly true that a large part of the lack of better results is due to twoprimary causes; viz, the presence in ranks of undrilled recruits, and to g-eneral fiustration due to the pre ence of the In~pector and a desire to excel accordingly. Every effort is made by the Inspector toavoid causing or incr-eal3ing nervousness on the part of the inspected, but it exists noticeably neverlheIe s. In each organization, however, a very large proportion of the men have never before undergone an official Inspection and are under severe mental train largely due to this fact alone. Allowance is made for this in the grading by the Inspector, and he ob erve from a distance and abstains from intruding his pre ence a far ,a' pos ible without nndue prolono-ino- of the drill to cover the de ired 'cope.
In mo t ca es the lack of better results in the drilT i due to the lack of properl instructed non-commis ioned officers who have had sufficient experience to give them some deo-ree of confidence in them elv-e . For this reason the extended order movements are a a rule, much more poorJy executed than tho e in clo e order.
The only means of improvinO' in this direction eems to lie in better trainino- and developinO' of noncommi sioned officerS', and in avoiding as much as possible the enli ting of new men ju t before In pection and when it is too late to instruct them before that event. This is being done in orne of the more pro!ITessive cq,mpanie , and indicates the rea on fortheir mall strength at the In. pection.
DISCIPLINE.
According to the grading, there i a gain for the past year of only 1.24 percentage, 80.51 as against
12

79.27 for 1910. This is believed to be due to increased stringency on the part of the Inspector, in grading the organizations, Bind the real improvement should appear much greater; in fact, it is believed that the real improvement for the year has not been less than 10 per cent. at the least. As an illustration of the reason for this belief it may be stated that all organization commanders were directed at Inspection to forward all unserviceable property designated by the Inspector to the State Arsenal prior to May 15th. Upon that date investigation showed that out of 62 organizations (including Headquarter" and Hospital Corps detachments), 59 had complied.. with the order, while only 3 had failed to do so. This is a remarkable improvement over last year, when many oro-anizations did not ship in their unserviceable property until near the end of the year, while some did not do so at all.
As usual, the greatest defect in di cipline is the failure to read orders or regulations at all, or to rel' them under tandingly. The former is Ie eninlY allci there is great improvement in that regard. The latter i till the general rule, the exceptions being very few, though till enough in number to O'ive ()Ime encouragement. s an illustration; ince in pection, the In pector had occa ion to write to organization commanders for the Ar enal number of the bayonet in po e ion of their organizations, and especially reque ted that the Ii t be arranged erially with lowe t numbers :fir t and higher in succes. ion. Several commanders have not as yet furnished the Ii ts asked for, while not to exceed one in five arranO'ed the Ii t erially as reque ted.
However, as above tated there i a very notable improvement in this direction, and the progress i reO'arded a very creditable and encouraging.
AVERAGE ENLISTED STRENGTH.
There is a marked improvement for the year 1910, the percentage being 83.83 as against 75.32 per cent.
13

for the preceding year, giving a gain of 8.51 per cent. Upon referring to the data tabulated in Appendix B, hereto attached,*' it will be noted that there was a gain of 109 officers and men in the organizations which are now in the Guard. This doe not include any of the organizations disbanded either in 1910 or 1911 to date. This gain is really the excess of gains over losses for 1910, and amounts to about 5 per cent. Of the 109 cited, 27 were officers and 82 were enlisted men. The apparent discrepancy between the percentages above cited is due to the manner of computation, Headquarters, Bands and Hospital Oorps pergentages being given equal weight with those of the companie , etc., though much smaller in actual enIi sted strength.
It is to be noted, in this connection, that several organizations paid no attention to Par. 156 of the Georgia Regulation during 1910, but enlisted men in excess of the 58 allowed and without first obtaining vacancies as required. One company had upon its rolls 90 or more men at one time, of whom about 40 were enlisted for a special purpose; viz, to take a trip to Savannah at the unveiling of the Oglethorpe lIIonument.
In this connection, it is notable al 0 that these facts were made known to the Adjutant General through Quarterly Returns, etc., and organization commanders reported to the Inspector that no adver~e criticism had been made to them for their violation of the Regulations. If the Regulations are to be respected and enforced all such violation coming to the lmowledge of the Adjutant General should meet with prompt, definite and severe reprimand; otherwise lack of discipline is encouraged and the Regulations become utterly worthle .
AVERAGE PERCENTAGE OF EFFICIENCY.
The gain for the year is nominally .55 per cent. only, beinO' the difference between 75.50 and 74.95,
* See psg_ 53.
14

the latter being the percentage for 1910. This is due to the change in method of computing the grading, and does not show the real gains or losses in efficiency which have IaCCOrd!i.ngly 1been !noted in Appendix A, the grading for 1910 having been made upon the same basis as for 1911, and the difference taken. From this table it will be noted that the greatest gain for the year was in Co. I, 1st Infantry (18.10), while greatest loss was in 00. I, 2nd Infantry (12.27). In 17 organizations there was a loss in grading while the remaining 48 made gains.
The average gain i 3.02 per cent. which is considered very atisfactory,e pecially as it is made up from mall gain of many organizations offset by los es (in some cas'es quite large) of a few, and in further view of the fact that gains are difficult while 10 se are very easy.
APPENDIX B. *
pon consideration of the data given in Appendix TI, many of the rea ons for lack of greater efficiency in the State ational Guard become very plain and elf-evident. 'Dhere were 17 changes among the field officer , 47 among the captain , 67 among the :first lieutenants and 62 among the econd lieutenants, a total of 1 1 in the official per onnel during one year. Nineteen companies out of 51 (nearly 40 per cent.) gained new captains; 25 companies gained first lieutenants (3 of them gained 2 each), and 21 companies gained second lieutenants (3 of them 2 each). This mean that a very large proportion of the officer are inexperienced in their new dutie ' and are nece sarily more or Ie s inefficient a instructors until experience has increased their knowledge and self confidence. As to the enlisted men, it will be observed that the number of men gained during the year exceed the entire number present at the Inspection by about 60. ,
* e page 53.
15

Under normal conditions it is believed that, in the National Guard of this State, the changes among officers should not exceed 25 per cent. each year as a maximum, while the maximum change among the enlisted men ought not to exceed 60 per cent. instead of 100 per cent. as indicated above. As the enlistment is fQr the peri'Od of 2 years, 50 per cent. should naturally be di6charged each year by expiration of ervice, a portion of whom re-enlist. If proper care be taken in the selection of the recruits, it would appear that there should be no reason for procuring discharges f'Or many more men than the number who re-enlist. A total change of 60 per cent. would seem to be sufficient, while 75 per cent. should certainly be ample.
The real difficulty, as to the officers', is that too many of them accept (or acquire) office for personal rea60ns (tQ give local influence or personal advancement in non-military ways) and have neither the time or inclination to make themselves very efficient, and, having attained their objects, resign on account -of pressure of private affairs, leaving the organizati<m to disorganization to be followed by re-organization, with consequent great losS' of efficiency and great discouragement to the men. In other words, lack of efficieney on the part of many 'Of the officers is the cau e, direct or indirect, of the disappointment of the men and of theirloss of interest after short service in their organizations; hence it is largely the cause of the frequent di 'charges necessary to clear the rolls of inactive membe~, and of lack of efficiency 'Of organizations due to the ever-changing enlisted personnel.
In this connection, it may be added that, largely due to this 'salme cause, the election of officers has 'become very largely a farce, and is an almost unmitigated evil where it is' not a mere formality. The whole idea on which it is based is obsolete and eniirely unsuited to even the National Guard under modern conditions. Such elections are persistent
16

obstacles to progressive efficiency, and S'Ometimes result in situations which are entirely subver ive of all military discipli~e, as well as ridiculous in tllemselves. An illu tration is afforded by the case of an officer who e re ignation wa demanded for cause, and who accordingly resigned. He immediately became a candidate for election to succeed himself, was duly elected, pa sed his examination (if one was needed in this ca e) and wa duly re-commissioned. All of this is not only pos ible under the law as it now standS', but there is no way of avoiding the resultant evils so long as the law remains in force.
In many ca e where a vacancy 'Occurs, especially as captain, no election is ordered until the colonel has found a candidate who appear to be promising and the best available at the time; rival candidates are then discouraged, and, at the psychological moment, the "election" is held, with the resul t desired, naturally. It is believed that far greater 6fficiency would re ult if the selection to :fill a vacancy in any company, troop, battery etc., were to be made by a board of officers appointed by the Regimental or Battalion Commander, or the Adjutant General; pending examination of the person elected, the organization concerned should be notified, and have full opportunity to pre ent to the examination board any evidence showinO' valid reason' why the candidate hould not be commissioned. The board could thu decide the whole que tion at once, in a fair, impartial, and final way.
RECOMMENDATIONS.
That, insofar a the in tructions from the War Department may per mit, the nnual Muster and Inspection for 1912 be conducted in the same manner as for 1911.
That no change be made in the ClothinO' allowance nor in the conditions under which only it is' now given organizations.
17

That if the In pection is made in 1912 a in 1911. the system of grading be the same as that reported on herein; uggestion have been made with a view to grading Target Firing on the basi of 200 instead of 100, the former being the maximum possible for any organization, while in a few ca e organizations may exceed 'the latter in their actual F~gure of Merit, and thus 10 e orne portion of the results of their efforts. Were thi change to be made it would re ult in till greater discouragement to all organization having no outdoor range facilities, and would reduce the average grading under thiS' heading by about 50 per cent. It is not believed that any good could re ult from the change which would compensate in any de irable way for the consequent los e to the majority of the organizations.
DETAILED REPORT OF THE II PE TIOl OF ORGANIZ TIO S, ETC.
STAFF OF THE COMMANDER-I -CHIEF.
Brigadier General A. J. Scott, Adjutant General, Atlanta.
BriO"adier General Wm. G. Obear Quartermaster General, Atlanta.
Major F. L. Palmer, In pector General and Survey Officer, Atlanta.
AIDES-DE-CAMP.
Colonel F. J. Paxon Chief of Aide, Atlanta. Lieutenant olonel: . H. Van D ke, L. L. McCle ky, H. F. We t, W. B. Stovall, J. Van H. I ash, . R. John ton, . G. andler, Atlanta; eyle Colquitt, SiO'o Myel' , C. F. Berry and C. P. Rowland, at avannah; R. R. Hopkin, at J e up; J. B. Way at Thomasville; D. Fleming, at Albany; V. L. 'tarr, at Marietta, and S. V. Sanford, at Athens. The following failed to report for Inspection: Lieutenant Colonel , J. B. Connally, A. H. Marchant,
18

S. Tate, Shelby Myrick, 1. P. Cocke, R. A. Ji bett, G. W. Duncan, Z. H. Clarke, Thad dams and R. A. Franklin.
IDE-DE- AMP, BY DETAIL.
In pected with hi proper organization. H. P. feikleham, Captain Co. E 5th Infantry, at Lindale.
GE ERAL STAFF.
The office of the Adjutant General and Quarterrna ter General are found to be on a high plane of efficiency, which i also believed to be continually increa ing. All duties are believed to be a well and con cientiously performed a could be expected under the adverse conditions long well-known but which cannot be corrected until greater State appropriations are available.
U.r AS IGNED OFFICER OF STAFF DEPARTMENTS.
fajor W. L. Gilbert, fedical Corp ,at Atlanta. aptain J. C. Po tell, Ordnance Department, at Savannah. aptain W. L. tarr, Ordnance Department, at Macon. Captain M. . Stowe, fedical Corps, at avannah. aptain.1. . Ben, Quarterma ter' Department, at Griffin.
HEADQUARTERS, FIR T BRIGADE.
Brigadier General lifford L. nder on, ommanding, Atlanta.
fajor J. D. Dunwody djutant General Atlanta. fajor f. J. Daniel, Quarterma ter, Griffin. Major 1. E. Laird In p ctor . . P., tlanta. Major E. S. Elliott, JudO'e dvocate, Savannah. fajor W. . Lyle, hief urgeon, Augu tao Major J. D. Twigg, Chief of E!nO'ineer, ugu tao Major . Wright, Paymaster, Atlanta. Major C. C. Smith, Ordnance officer Atlanta.
19

All of the officers above named were present for In pection at the times ordered; all are considered excellent in both business and social standing, as well as in military efficiency.
Major C. L. Stockdell, Commi sary, was absent on leave, and was not inspected.
FmST BATTALION, COAST ARTILLERY CORPS.
At Savannah, Headquarters.
Major W. B. Stephens, Commanding. Captain R. G. Tunno, Adjutant. Captain F. A. Brown, Chaplain. First Lieutenant G. Haines, Artillery Engineer. First Lieutenant W. W. Wilder, Ordnance Officer. The . C. S. consi ted of 13, one of whom only was absent from In pection. The Records, Property, etc., were found to be in excellent condition, and the entire personnel thoroughly interested and efficient. The only adver e critici m i due to lowne in correspondence and filing receipt on the part of the Ordnance Officer during a part of 1910, but this has been corrected atisfaetorily. Armory conditions have been markedly improved, and the whole work of the Headquarter and Battalion for the past year has been highly creditable to all concerned.
FIRST COMPANY.
Captain G. C. Hayward, Commanding. In excellent condition throughout, except as to
small enli ted strength for the year and an apparent lack of interest in Target Firing.
Property losses were next to smallest in the State. See Appendix C.
SECOND COMPA Y.
Captain G. C. Heyward, Commanding. In generally excellent condition, except that re-
cords are only fair, there was little apparent interest in Target Firing, Guard Duty was rather poorly
20

performed, and enlisted strength for year was very smalL
Property 108's smallest in State. See Appendix C.
THIRD COMPANY.
Captain R. J. Travi , Commanding. In generally excellent condition, though records
were poor and neglected, and di cipline only fairly good. The interest hown in Target Firing was greater than in the other companie of the Battalion, though till considerably below average for the tate. Average enli ted strength for the year was considerably higher than in any other company of the Battalion.
Property los es third mallest in State. See Appendix C.
FOURTH COMPANY.
Captain W. H. Robertson, Commanding. In fairly satisfactory condition only. Records
were -only fair, Guard Duty rather poor, no apparent interest in Target Firing, lara-e shortage in property. In pection and drill onl fair, discipline fair only, and average enlisted strength for year mall.
Armory conditions for this Battalion are 8'omewhat improved from la t year, and are considered excellent. Except as to the 4th Oompany, all property was excellently cared for, in all cases it was well . di played, and all of the organizations are considered a con tantly improving in efficiency and value. The lack of interest in Target Firina- i attributable to two cau es; first, to lack of intere t in rifle firing as pertaining purely to it function a Infantry and to increasing ab orption in its work as Coa t Artillery, and to the interference of the e two cla es of military work with each other; secondly, to the distance of the range from the city, and the difficulty of getting the men to the range in view of the time and expen e involved.
For the purpo e of the State e pecially it is nece ~ary that all of the troops hould be thoroughly
21

..
efficient in the u e of the rifle; from the number of Coast Artillery Corps troops now erving as Infantry in Texa it i al 0 evident that this is also nece ar for possible . S. ervice. Hence, and while admittino- fully the value of the Coa t Artillery work and the difficulty of properly fitting itself for the performance of both, the In pector doe not feel justified in recommending any abolition of Infantry work from the grading of the 'Companies of this Battalion at pre ent, and e peeially as to so vital a matter a target Firing. Due credit should be oiven in the grading, to proO'res and efficiency in Coast Artillery direction and effort will be made to do this in future, so far a the condition of the In pection will permit.
FIELD ARTILLERY.
BATTERY A, SAVANNAH.
Captain R. J. Davant, Commanding. In excellent condition throughout, in pite of its
very small enli ted trenO'th both durino' the year and at In pection. Con iderinO' the great and di:::swuraging difficultie of thi bran h of the military . ervice under ational Guard condition " thi orO'anization i entitled to Teat credit for the thol'OuO'hly excellent ondition of it property and for the excellent in truction and apparent efficiency of it men.
BATTERY B TLANTA.
Captain J. E. Eubank, ommandin 0'. , In O'enerally excellent condition throughout, though Ie s 0 than in ca e of Battery in mo t dir etion-'. The arne remark a to the di.fficultie encountered apply in both ca e , and thi organization is entitled to gTeat credit for its pre ent ex ellent and improving efficiency.
22

The average grading, a a Battalion, is 76.77, and about 1 per cent. above State average. It is 5th in order of merit among the Battalions.

SECO D SQUADRON OF CAVALRY.

HEADQUARTER ,ATLA TA.

Major . T. B. Wilson, Commanding.

First Lieutenant H. K. Kicklighter, Adjutant.

Secon,d Lieutenant L. F. Wil on, Supply Officer.

In pector S. . P.

( acancy) .

The officer named above were present for In pec-

tion, as well a the Sergeant Major. All seemed

capable and efficient, though the Quarterma ter-

Commissary i till lacking in experience and will

lfndoubtedly proo-re s.

The admini tration of affairs appears to be effi-

cient and generally excellent, and sati fact()ry ac.,

cordingly.

TROOP B McINTO H.

Captain W. P. Waite, Commanding. This organization, while till only fairly ati fac-
tory, show 'lIJ'arked improvement for pa t year, the gain being 11.36 per cent. The nli ted trength for pa t year was small, and there eems to be difficulty in keeping up recruiting. Insufficient intere t, considering the local facilitie ,wa hown in Target Firing. Property los e were malleI' than for any other Cavalry troop for year. Due to rain at time of Inspection, it was impracticable to have drill, and the o-rading wa e timated a ide from the ceremony of In pection, which wa poor.

TROOP F, GAINESVILLE.

Captain J. M. Fray, Commanding. In generally ati fact()ry condition, and con ider-
ably improved during year, gain being 5.86 per cent.

23

Records and care of rifles had been neglected, and should be improved. Continued and intelligent effort toward improvement is being made by the present captain, who seems interested, energetic, and generally efficient.
TROOP K, AUGUSTA.
Captain J. C. Dempsey, Commanding. In generally satisfactory condition, and constantly
improving; gain during year was 8.01 per cent, which is very good. Care of property is not yet a! it should very good. Care of property is not yet all it should be, and losses were too large; improvement is being made, however. Lack of facilities for target Firing on range during year is the principal reason why standing is not much higher.
TROOP L, ATLA TA.
Captain J. O. Seamans, Commanding. In generally excellent condition, and leading in
grading among the Cavalry troops for the year; gain was 6.54 per 'Cent., principally due to large Figure of Merit in Target Firing, which was 109.85, and second highest in State. Guard Duty was rather poor, and should be improved.
TRoop A, UNASSIGNED, AT SAVANNAH.
Captain F. P. McIntire, Commanding. In excellent condition throughout, though property losse for year were too large. A thoroughly intere ted and efficient organization, which would be much higher in grading had its' Target facilities been better. Difficulties 'of distance to range, lack of facilities for going and returning, and time and expense involved explain relatively small FiO'ure of Merit, which is still above State average, however. Armor'y conditions are till poor, space very cramped, rendering care of property difficult. Improvements are in contemplation which will go far toward increasing ease of administration; great credit is due for results secured under present adverse conditions.
24

Too much credit Can.llot be given to the Cavalry organization for the great improvement made in all direction durmO' the past three year. Their ta k is exceedingly difficult because of the very large and varied supplies required for full equipment, so much of which require great and never-cea ing care and labor for it pre ervation and which requires extreme watchfulne to prevent losse. In view of these facts and of the varied instruction necessary to give efficiency as' Cavalry, this arm may well be proud of its high standing this year in the grading of the State. It i third in order of merit among the Battalion , etc., and is excelled by only two of the Infantry Battalions, who e work and responsibilities are much Ie s. The average percentage of efficiency, 78. 7, i an exceedinglv creditable one, all condition considered.
FIRST REGIME T OF I FA TRY.
HEADQ ARTERS, SAVANNAli.
Colonel M. J. O'Leary, Commanding. Lieutenant Colonel J. G. Butler. Captain H. H. Aveilhe, Adjutant. Captain J. J. Gaudry, Quartermaster. Captain G. B. Elton, Commissary. Oaptain W. R. Dancy, Inspector S. A. P. Captain S. L. McCarty, Chaplain (Thomasville). All of the above naJrned officers and 5 Regimental N. C. S. officers were present at the Inspection, fully and properly equipped. The personnel is excellent, both as to s'ocial and business standing, and as to military efficiency. The discipline and administration is excellent throughout.
BAND, BRU SWICK.
Major F. A. Dunn, Commanding. While small in enlisted strength at the Inspectiont
this organization is in thoroughly satisfactory con-
25

dition, and is believed to be deeply intere ted, energetic and very efficient.
FIRST BATTALIO
HEADQUABTER , BRUNSWICK.
([ajor F. A. Dunn, ommanding. Fir t Lieutenant J. P. Twomey, Adjutant. Second Lieutenant W. L. Harwell, Supply Officer. The officer above named, together with the Battalion SerO"eant Major, were pre ent at In pection, fully and properly equipped. The per onnel is excellent, and quite efficient. Records and property were found in excellent condition, but there is not ufficient promptne in correspondence and attendance to property matter .
COMPANY THOMA VILLE.
aptain W. . Watt, ommanding. Though enlisted strength at In pection (and for 1910 throughout) wa too mall, thi company i in generally excellent condition, having gained 4.50 per ent. during pa t year. Lack of higher gradinO" i due to ab ence of home facilitie for Target Firing, and to rather large property los es. In all other re pect ,condition and re ult are excellent. Th captain i an excellent officer, interested, ener'" tic of very hi h p ronal cbaracter and very efficient. Armory condition have improved, but are till uceptible of impro"Vement, which is beinO' made a fa t a conditions pernlit.
COMPAXY B, VALDO TA.
Captain A. Winn, ommandinO". While still in. but fairly ati factory condition,
marked improvement ba. b en made during the pa t year, the O'ain beinO' 4.20 per cent. Property 10 es were altoO'ether too larO"e, Guard Duty wa poor, Drill and Di iI line are but fair. till tbere ha b en general and creditable improvement during the year,
26

and general intere t and efficiency are greater, with promi e of further improvement. n erviceable property ordered turned in to the State AI' enal was not rec ived until May 24th, in tead of before "Nlay 15th, as ordered.
. COMPA Y ,FITZGERALD.
aptain C. A. DeLang, ommanding. In pite of great and enero'etic effort on the part of the captain, there ha been but light impro ement in thi company dmino- the year. The property, e pe ially rifle , bayonet ,etc. had been badly neglected, and were ru ty and deterioratino- rapidly. It i.. reported that, through lack of fund, it i .neces ary to leave the cleanino- of rifl ,etc., to the men to whom issued, who have gro ly neglected them. Drill and Guard Duty were poorly executed, while greater lack of discipline among the men wa di played by thi company than in any other oro-anization in the tate. everal men indicated by their manner that they con idered the In pection a comedy of farcical sort, and an wered the que tion a ked of them in a mo t in ubordinate, di re pectful, and impertinent manner, which mu t have been very displea ing and disQ'U ting to the U. S. In pector, who bore him elf, however, with great patience and benignity. It wa very evident that the company contained ome highly unde ilable per onnel, and the captain a ured both In pector that the di charge of the men in que tion would be promptly a ked for, and him elf apologized for the unfortunate occmrence above noted. While the captain i inten ely intere ted and di play indefatigable energy and indu try in connection with his company, the people of the town seem luke-warm or' even antagonistic toward it, and afford it very little, if any, encouragement pecuniary or otherwi 'e. Whether thi i a permanent and inherent attitude is difficult to determine. But it is very doubtful whether the local influence of the captain i uch a to cau e amelioration of existing
27

conditions, and without this the company cannot be~ome a very creditable or efficient one.
COMPANY G, BRUNSWICK.
Captain C. A. Taylor, Commanding. In thoroughly excellent -and ati factory condition j
with range facilities for Target Firing it should be among the highest in grading in the State. Gain was 831 per cent. for past year. The <Yrading in Di 'cipline i probably too high, as data a ked for by tbe In pector since Inspection bas not a yet been furni hed.
Due to it being so cattered and to 'adver e local ondHion for at least two of it companies, this Battalion tand' next to lowest among the Battalions, etc. of the State in the grading for tbe ear, which is but 6 .73 per cent. and far below the average for the State.
SECO D B TTALIO J.
HEADQ ARTERS, SAVAN AH.
Major C. H. Richard on Commanding. Fir t Lieutenant C. F. Power, Adjutant.
econd Lieutenant . D. Kent, Supply Officer. Tbe e officers, together with the Battalion Sero-eant !ajor were all pre ent at In pection, fully and properly equipped. The per onnel is excellent, of excellent ocial and bu ine s tanding, and ver efficient, e pecially as to the !ajor.
Co fPANY F, WAYCROSS.
Captain W. Lott, Ab ent from In pection. The condition of thi company at the In pection
wa v ry un ati factory. The captain wa not pres-ent, property was not all at armory and could not be ch eked accura tely or ettled for j record were onl: fair j Di cipline wa very poor' Guard Duty only fair, and Drill was good only. There wa a 10 S of efficiency for the 'year, 3'.52 per cent. wbich was wholly due to the ab ence of the captain and failure
28

to collect property for Inspection and to settle at that time for losses. As will be seen by reference to Appendix C, when this property was properly collected the shortage was small; had it been collected and s'ettled for at the Inspection, the cost would have been but $3.89 instead of $59.99, which had to be paid to the Quartermaster General, due to forfeiture of the Clothing Allowance, in the settle'IDent required immediately upon recommendation of the Inspector. In general efficiency this company is believed to be fair, and it is hoped and believed that there will be improvement during this year.

K , C O M P A N Y

SAVANNAH.

Captain Oliver Allen, Commanding. This company tands 3rd in the State in grading
for the year, with a percentage of 89.28, which is a gain of 2.88 per cent. Eixcept that it enlisted strength at In pection wa too mall, it is in thorougWy excellent condition throughout, and its efficiency i all that can be desired.

L, COMPA ~Y

SAVANNAH.

Captain J. F. McCarthy, Commanding. This company improved markedly during the past
year, it gain being 6.70 per cent. While property los wa too large, interest in Target Firing was apparently slight, and its average enlisted trength for 1910 too small in all other regards its condition was found to be excellent and thoroughly sati factory.

M, COMPANY

SAVANNAH.

Captain J. O. Maggioni, Commanding. Except for apparently slight interest in Target
Firing and that the Drill was fairly good only, this company is in excellent condition; it gain for the year was 3.85 per cent., which i . especially creditable because of the very large gain made during the previous year.

29

Thi Battalion has an averaO'e grading of 75.57 per cent. comparing almo t exactly to the average for the State. It tand 7th among the Battalions in this year's grading.
TIDRD B TTALIO
HEADQUARTERS, SAVAJ: NAH.
:l\Iajor G. H. Ri hter ommandin0'. Fir t Lieutenant D. . tkin on, Adjutant.
econd Lieutenant R. Falligant Supply Officer. The e officer together with the Battalion ergeant 1ajor, were pre ent for In pection. fully and properly equipped. The personnel i excellent, of excellent social and busine tandino', and very efficient.
C01\IPAKY D, SAVAKNAH.
First Lieutenant E. J. Glea on, ommanding. The ondition of this company at the In pection
cannot be called ati factory; the record bad been neglected, rifle, bayonet ',' etc., not cleaned ince camp (in many cases, at lea t) and ru ted and deteriorating accordinO'ly; Guard Duty, Drill and Di cipline were all very poor; there wa a 10 of 8.26 per cent. in efficiency during tbe ear. Tbi tate of affairs was largely due to di organization resulting from 10 'of the former captain and failure to promptly fill the vacancy, and in part to inexperience in command {)f the temporary commander. It i believed that tbere will be marked improvement during tbe current year.
COMPANY E, WAYNE BORO.
Captain M. C. Coben, Commanding. While its property losses were altogether too large
for the year, and it had no facilitie for outdoor range Firing, in other re pects thi company is in thoroughly excellent and highly atisfactory condition; its gain for the year waS' 3.85 per cent. and it is believed that tbere will be continued improvement.
30

COMPANY H, SAVANNAH.
Captain G. D. Semken, Commanding. Except for apparently slight interest in Target
Firing, and that the Guard Duty was poor 'and records considerably neglected, this company was in generally excellent condition; its loss in efficiency for the year was 5.07 per cent., which is deplored, a this i usually an excellent organization. It i beueved that there will be considerable improvement thi year due to increa ed experience of the captain, who i able, intere ted and capable of great efficiency.
COMPA Y I, SAVANNAH.
Captain H. M. Peek, Commanding. Thi company i in thoroughly excellent condition
thl'ouO'hout, tanding :first in the grading for the year with a p'ercentage of 91.60, and a gain of 18.10 per cent. con iderably the largest in the State for this year. It Figure of erit in Target Firing i 104.43, the 3rd in the State, and e pecially creditable in view of the difficultie attending O'etting the men to the ranO' on account of the diffi ultie a to di tance, time and expen e involved, and al 0 throuO'h contra t with re ult obtained by all other companies (except
ompany K) at Savannah and baving the same difficulties to overcome. Thi i further notable from the fact that the pre 'ent commander became 0 during the pa t year, and u ually uch a cbanO'e is accompanied by O'reater or Ie di orO'anization rather than remarkable improvement at once. Tbe re ult i a plendid tribute to tbe ability, energy and great per onal efficiency of the pre ent captain, a well as to the excellent per 'onnel of the company.
Thi Battalion tand 9th in average gradinO', with a percentage of 73.37 about 2 'per cent. below State av ra e.
The Fir t Infantry a a Regiment icon. idered to be in very ati factory condition, though everal of it organization can be greatly impro, ed. Large-
31

ly due to lack of equally good Target facilities ,and of lesS' apparent general interest in Target Firing, its grading is below that of the 5th Regiment, though above the average for the State and howing greater percentage of general improvement for the pa t year.
The on-Commi ioned Officer of the Regular Army, who i attached for duty to this Regiment, is believed to be a very excellent, energetic and competent man, who i greatly interested, and who 'e service will be of great benefit to the Regiment if they fire properly utilized.

SECOND REGIME IT OF 11: FA TRY.

IIEADQUARTERs, MACON.

Colonel W. A. Harri , Commanding.

Lieutenant Colonel B. Jones.

Captain A. A. Drake, Adjutant.

Captain

Quartermaster, (Vacancy).

Captain P. Hammond, Commi sary, Barnesville.

Captain R. 11. Mason, Inspector S. A. P.

Captain R. E. Douglas, Chaplain.

All of the officers above named were present at

In pection, and were fully equipped, except the chap-

lain, who was absent. The Regimental . C. S. con-

sisted of only the Commissary Sergeant and one

Color Sergeant, present at Inspection, all other posi-

tions being vacant.

Second Lieutenant A. F. Holt, Supply Officer 1st

Battalion, was Acting Regimental Quartermaster.

Except for being slow in correspondence, receipts,

etc., the property was properly cared for and the

office of Quartermaster well administered, though

records might have been improved. Illness of the

Acting Quartermaster was reported as cause of

failure to have the proper tabulation of memorandum

receipts corrected and ready for Inspection. Except

as just noted, the headquarters administration I:!-P-

32

pear to be e:s::c llent now though the dutie. of Adjutant had 1een badly neglected during 1910, largely due to severe illne of the then Adjutant. '10 the arne cau e wa attributable the large apparent hortaO'e in property i ued to the Band, which had been di banded prior to date of In pection; due to the 'arne cau e, no ettlement of this shortage wa practicabl , the former ~ djutant, re pon. ible therefor, beinO' till ill and ab ent.
The per.onnel i excellent in ocial and bu in . tandinO', and peaking o'enerally, i efficient in a 11Jilitary WI1Y al o.
FIR T B TT LION".
IIEADQ~ARTERS, ~rACO~.
~Iajor J. . Thoma, ommandinO'. Fir t Lieutenant E. B. Burden, djutant.
econd Lieutenant A. F. IIoJt, Supply Offi Ell'. -:.. II of th above together with the Battali n er0' ant -:\Iajor were pre ent at In peetion and were prop rly equil ped, except the Adjutant. who wa in pected in per on at Brun wick, he beillo' ah~ nt on ick leave. The per onnel i excellent in ocial and bu.-in tanclin o', and the -:\Iajor i e:s::tremely efficienL
COMPAl.'<Y A, JACKSON.
'l1ptain J. J. \fillingham CommandinO'. In enerally e:s::cellent and ati factor~' onditi n throuo'hout; Target Firing Figure of Merit was 'mall, range havin o. been a,ailable only part of:' ar' o'ain during year wa 2.97 per cent., which i y ry O'ood con idering the already high efficiency of the ompany.
01\lPA~Y B -:\1.-\ 0."'.
aptain'A. ~I ~\. I aac, ommanding. Thi company, a u 'uai, i. in thoroughly excellent and ati. fa tory ondition. While it., property
33

10 e for the year were too large, and a few rifl.e~ were in need 'of wiping out at Inspection, in all other respect condition were excellent and highly creditable. Thi company i second in the grading of the State, though it had a light loss (.84 per cent.) for the year. In it the non-commissioned officer are very well-trained and perform their dutie at the In pedion with great credit to them elve and the organization. The only company which excelled this one in thi year's grading did '0 through higher Figure of Merit in TarO'et Firing and maller]o 'e of property.
COMPANY C, ~fAco~.
Captain)1. M. Thurman, ommandinO'. This company i in only fairly atisfaetory condi-
tion thi 'year having a con iderab1e 10 in gTadinO' ince la t Inspection; viz, . 9 per cent. The 10 was di tributed generally throughout the grading, indicating a general Ie sening of enerO'y and attention in a11 direction. The property 10 . e were e 'pecially notable, the company tanding 49 out of 53; some rifles' were dirty, some bayonet rusty, a1 0 orne knive fork, poon, etc.
While it labor under certain ill ad\antage.. they . are not considered to give sufficient excu, 'e for the
]0 of efficiency noted; it i hoped that there will be improvement dm'inO' thi year.
COMPANY F, ~fACOK.
Captain W. P. Wheeler, OommandinO'. A u ual, tbi company i in thorouO'h1y excellent
and satisfactory condition, except a to ~ertain matter. for which re pon ibi1ity mu t re t on the captain, who i otherwi e a most efficient and excellent officer. Records are only fairly good, and di cip]ine poor; failure to attend to property carefully, large 10 e and neglect to make and forward report- return , etc., at proper time, caused the 10 e of percentage in the direction referred to. imilar condition'

were noted at the 1910 In pection, and promise of impl'oYement wa made; a noted, thi improvement did not materialize. A the e are matter only econdarily (if at all) the fault of the men, they deprive the men of the company of the full benefit of their excellent intere t, energy, and notable efficiency, which i 'an un ual and unfortunate condition, unique in the Guard of tbi tate. It i incerely hoped that a recurrence of the nece ity for the e critici m. may not ari e in future.
Thi Battalion tand 2n I in the grading for tbe y ar W"ith a percentage of 79.3:1:, about 4 per cent. abo,e th ta te average.
ECOND BATTALION.
HEADQ ARTERS, GRIFFIN.
Major W. H. Beck, Commanding.
Fir t Lieutenant J. H. Crouch, Adjutant. Second Lieutenant J. A. Go ett Supply Officer.
The e officer~, toO'ether with the Battalion erO'ea-nt :Major were pre ent at In pection, fully and properly equipped. The per onnel i excellent in aU way. and i ,ery efficient.
OMPANY E, :MILLEDGEYILLE.
aptain J. H. Enni Commandino'. Thi company i in but fairly atisfactory condition, all circum tance con. idered. Record were neglected, property 10 e ,ery large for year; rifles, bayonet, meat can, etc., were largely ru ty and neglected. Good intere twas hown in Target Firing, and general grading hould have been much higher accordinO'ly. Improvement in record and care of property would cause greater efficienc , and hould be ea .. to attain.
CO:\IPAXY G, B.lll~ESTILLE.
aptain B. Franklin, Commanding. . While there wa impro,ement in thi company during the year, and wbile it ha no facilitie. for
35

range practice in Target :b-'iring, condition in thi ' cO'mpany are but fairly atisfactory. The records are somewhat neglected, property losses large, Guard Duty rather poor. Contrary to Par. 156 Georgia Regulations, the enli tment was at times largely in e:s:ce s of the number of men allowed, and purely for a temporary purpose. This worked po itive harm to the company in increa ing property losses, and considerably offset gains in other directions. In spite of the e nece sary adver e criticism " the company i. considered an efficient one and improvement is expected as well as hoped for.
COMPANY L, GRIFFIK.
Captain E F. Travi , Commanding. In generally satisfactory condition, thouO"h prop-
erty losses were too large, Guard Duty rather poor, Drill only fair, and sJight apparent intere t in Target Firing.
COMPANY M, FORSYTH.
Captain . L. Porch, Commanding. Thi company is in excellent general condition,
and it improvement in percentage for the year is next to the large t in the State, being 14.96. Con'ic1ering its lack of hO'me Target Firing facilities (the only men who qualified did so at the (acon range, at Holton), it high standinO" is especially creditable to all concerned.
Thi Battalion tand 7th in the year's' grading, with a percentage of 93.76, which i nearly 2 p r cent. below average for the State.
'fHIRD BATTA.LIOX.
HEADQUARTERS, A G'CSTA.
::\Iajor A. Levy, Commandino'. First Lieutenant G. Hain , Adjutant. Second Lieutenant J. S. Watkins SUI ply Officer. These officer, and the Battalion ero'eant "Major, were present at Inspection, properly- and fully equip-
36

peel The per onne] i excellent in all way and i general,lr verr efficient.
COl\IP.L'<Y D, AUGUSTA.
Captain J. F. Hendel' on, Commanding. on iderinO' that it was without range facilities,
tlli company' grading for the year i very sati factory; it gain being 3.7 per cent. General condition are excellent, though property 10 es for year were entirely too large, though much smaller than in other companie at Amrusta. When the contemI !ated Rifle Range i available, this company should tand hiO'h amon those of the State.
COMPA -y H, MONROE.
aptain J. R. Nunnallv, Commanding. Except tha t its Guard Duty was poor and DrilJ only O'ood, this company is in excellent and highl, ati factory condition, and is constantly improving; its gain for the year was 3.10 per cent., which is notable for the rea on that it was acquired in spite of a con iderable 10. in Target Figure of Merit.
CO:MPAXY I, A GUSTA.
Captain W. 1. Stephen , Commanding. Thi company, at the time of the In pection, was
in a thoroughly di organized and wholly un atisfactory condition almo t wholly due to neO'lect of the captain throughout the year. Condition fotmd could be explained onIon two grounds, the more charitable of which wa that illnes had cau ed mental affliction resulting in total inefficiency and numerou \'agaries, both military and moral. ~. a re ult, the propertv 10 e then apparent, were very large indeed, and there wa uch lack of in truction evident on the part of the men that it wa not considered advi able to have the Drill, Guard Duty, etc., in public, and they were accordingly held in the armory llall. The captain havinO' failed to make .ettlement for the propert~-lo e, with.the In peetor, wa ,upon
37

the recommendation of the latter, at once required to make full ettlement with the Quarterma tel' General, forfeiting all clothing allowance accordingly. The 10 in efficiency during the year, 12.27 per cent., "a con iderably the large t in the' tate.
OMPANY K, AUG STA.
Captain T. . J owitt, ommanding. Tbi company had a very unfortunate run of ill
luck during the year preceding the Inspection, including los of its former captain, illne . and enforced neglect on the part of the temporary commander ucceeding, and practical di organization accordingly. These, together with the fact that the former commander had apparently bo.rrowed property to di play at the 1910 In pection and to over reallo e then exi ting, cau ed a very large 10 s in property for the year, and made the task for the new captain an exceedingly difficult one to prepar the company for any sort of creditable in pection thi year. Thanks to his energy, efficiency, and great enthu ia m, thi wa accomplished much more succe fully than should have been expected, though of cour e, the evil could not be wholly undone. Conidering thi condition of affair, the company wae in highly atisfactory condition at this In 'pection, though it property 10 e were very large, and Guard Duty only fair.
In view of the fact that in pite of the adver e condition , there wa a gain during the year of 3.76 per cent. in grading and of the expected availability of a Target Range for outdoor firing, it is expected that this company will how marked improvement in efficiency in the future, a . the captain, himself very enthusiastic, is very energetic and efficient.
Due to conditions readily to be understood from the ccymments given above, thi Battalion stands low-
t among the Battalion of the Sitate for the year, with a percentage of but 68.72, or about 8 per cent. below the State average. Thi i especially regret-
38

table, in view of the energy and per onal efficiency of the Major, who e intere t and intelligent efforts will undoubtedly be rewarded by notable improvement during thi and coming years.
A a Regiment, the 2nd Infantry tand lower in grading this year than either the 5th or 1 t, although there i an average gain among the organizations composing it of 2.14 per cent. for the year. The dispel' ion of it component organizations, and unfortunate local condition' in orne cases, are largely responsible for this result. It is believed that there will be great improvement in many of its organization in the coming year, which will naturally show in the average of the Regiment itself.
The on-Commissioned Officer of the Regular rmy who is attached to this Regiment, i a most excellent man, who seems to be entirely competen~ thoroughly interested, and doing most excellent work in all ways.
FO RTH BATTALIO OF INFA TRY.
HEADQUARTERS, COLUMBUS.
:Major H. Mozen, Commanding. Fir t Lieutenant W. S. Key, Adjutant. Fir t Lieutenant W. M. Wilder, A i tant In pector S. A. P., Albany. Second Lieutenant T. O. Young, Supply Officer. These officer, and the Battalion Sergeant fajor, were all present at Inspection, fully and properly equipped. The personnel i excellent in all ways, and e pecially a to the Major and the S. A. P. Inspector who are very intere ted, energetic and efficient.
OMPANY C COLUMBUS.
Captain F. H. chomburg, Commanding. ~ue principally to evident neglect of the property
durmg the year and an exceedingly large hortage in con equence, this company lost in effi,ciency during the past year to the extent of 2.68 per cent. Drill,
39

Guard Duty, and Di cipline all howed 10 e. While the lack of attention of the captain to hi organization during the :ear and ju t 1 re,iou to the In pection are I artl: attributahle to 1 I' . ure of pri,ate bu ine s affair of an emergen : nature it i believed that there ha been a 10. of intere t on hi part al 0, a he ha hitherto been one of the mo t intere ted and efficient commander in the tate. It i. hoped that hi condition i onl: temporary, and that impro,ement in all direction rna: corne.
CO~'IPAKY E, .ALBAKY.
aptain G. W. aye CommandinO". Except a to it tate of di cipJine, thi organization wa found in 'ill 0 t ati factor: condition at thi In peetion having a gain of 3. 2 per cent. for the year. In Target Firing it wa excelled by only four other orO"anization , and practicall: equalled it own ,ery creditable record for the preceding year. Lov e of property were too laro-e thouo'h malleI' than in the pa t. Particularly notable however, wa the fact that a con iderable number of the men in rank at the In pection eemed to con ider the In pection a a farce and to be imbued with a pirit of di re pect and impertinence which wa a di creditable a it wa uncalled for. The In peetor i o-lad to b Rble to remark in thi connection, that thi i but the econd ca e in which uch conduct ha occurreci in any organization in the State at the la t four Annual In pection. A ide from the fact that uch an incident mu t affect the mind of the . . In pector adver ely a to the whole i\ational Guard of the 'tate, it hould be further evident to all that no men who could feel, much Ie s betray, uch a pirit are in any way fitted to belong to the :N ational Guard, a they are not soldier in any true en e, and probably could not become o.
COMP.L'l""Y L Al\IERI u .
aptain . P. Dan, Commandino-. Thi compan:- i. in thoroughl: ex elJent and highly
40

satisfactory condition in all re peeL', as wa the case last year al 0; due to the lack of home range facilities, such men as' qualified in Target Firing had to go to Albany to do so, and their intere t is higWy .creditable to all. In property losses for the ) ear this company stands 6th; but taking into consideration its record in this respect for the past two years, it is believed to be excelled by none, the excellence of its prevention of loss and of the fine condition of all -property on hand. This is considered as an excellent and efficient company, creditable to all officers and men belonging to it.

COMPANY F, THIRD BATTALION OF INFANTRY, ATHE~S.

First Lieutenant T. G. Anderson, Commanding.

While this company does' not properly belong to

the Fourth Battalion and is assigned to the Fifth

Regiment for administrative purposes, it has been

considered advisable to consider it, for grading pur-

po es, with the 4th Battalion instead of as a separate

Battalion.

Taken as a whole, it i in very sati factory con-

dition, though no gn~at interest was apparently taken

in Target Firing, home facilities considered. The im-

improvement during the past year was notable, the

gain being 7.17 per cent. Property losses were too

large, but improvement is expected.

.While nominally in command of the First Lieuten-

ant, the Second Lieutenant wa really in command,

having been elected as Captain, but hi commission

not having yet arrived.

'

The Fourth Battalion, including Company F,

Third Battalion. tands 6th among the Battalions

of the State for the year, with a percentage of 76.70.

Company G havino' become entirely disorganized,

was di banded prior to the Inspection, and hence was

-not Inspected; hence, no comments on it above. It

1 roperty 10 ~e for .the year are considered (Appen-

dix C) merely a a part of the available data in

decidino' matters pertainin o' to care and los e of

'1Jrol erty.

41

FIFTH REGIMENT OF I .. F ANTRY.

HEADQUARTER ,ATLA~ A.

Colonel E. E. Pomeroy, Commanding.

Lieutenant Colonel

(Vacancy).

Captain F. M. Hadley, Adjutant.

Captain O. H. Hall, Quarterma tel'.

Captain C. E. Harp, Commissary.

aptain W. T. Spratt, Inspector S. A. P.

Captain C. B. Wilmer, haplain.

All of the e officers, together with 3 Regimental

N. C. Staff officer, were pre ent, properly equipped

for the Inspection. Two vacancie exi ted in N. C. S.

po ition. The per onnel i excellent in ocial and

bu ine s standing, and the general military efficiency

j excellent and improvinO'.

BAND, ATLA cPA.
Captain F. M. Hadley, Adjutant, Commanding. The Band is apparently an efficient musical or-
ganization, which eems to be in ati factory condition.
FIRST BATTALION.

HEADQ ARTERS, ELBERTON.
Major H. P. Hunter, ommanding. Fir t Lieutenant G. H. Se ions, Adjutant, 1farietta.
econd Lieutenant F. W. Bondurant, upply Oflreer, Winder.
All of these officer inspected at their proper tation . there wa a vacancy a Sergeant Major. The personnel is excellent in all ways, and i believed to be O'enerally efficient.

COMPANY E, LINDALE.
aptain H. P. Meikleham, Commanding. A u ual, this company is in thoroughly excellent and highl ati factory condition. HavinO' no home range facilities until too late in the year, there wa

42

no Target Firing; in pite of which the grading of this company is considerably above the average of the State, though having a slight loss, 2.77 per cent.
for the year, principally In Guard Duty, Drill and
average enlisted strength for the year. As an effective military unit ready for active er-
vice at any time, it i believed that thi company i not excelled by any other in the State. If advantage i taken of the range facilities now available, thi organization should be well toward the top of the Ii t in future.
OMPANY G, CEDARTOWN.
aptain W. H. Trawick, Commanding. This i really the fir t inspection of this company by the pre ent Inspector since the company has become normal in it organization, due to aboli hing of the Carrollton platoon and concentration at Cedartown. The original date of Inspector wa changed on account of the pre ence of mall-pox in the neiO'hborhood, and of prevalent vaccination. The record have been badly neglected, also rifle, bayonet etc. to some extent, and average enli ted trength for the pa t year wa mall. Wbile the property 10 'e appeared large, this wa probably almo t wliolly due to 10 ses occurring through the arrollton platoon and which could not be definitely n certained and settled for at the la t Inspection, but which were wholly settled this year with the In pector. Home facilitie do not permit of completinO' qualification in Target Firing, as firing can be bad at cnly 200 and 300 yard. Except a to neglect of record and property, thi company may be conidered a in ati factory condition in view of pa t condition, but improvement hould be expected now.
. COMPANY H WI DEB.
'aptain G. A. John CommandinO". Thi company can' carcely be con idered a in sati factory condition at thi In pection largely
43'

throuoh neo'led of the captain, due to pre sure of 1 rivate bu ine ,and hi inabilit - to get hi re ignutio.n acc pted, the offi er de ignated to receive the property hayino' fail d to furni h the required bond at that time. The 10 in grading for the year wa quite laro'e, beino- 6.16 per cent. Records were POOl't Drill Di cipline and averaO'e enli ted strength poor al o. In fact there eemed to have been a general 10 of intere t among the men, and recruiting wa reported a very difficul t. It wa decided to allow the company further opportunity to ascertain whether it could be ucce fully continued, rather than to recommend di bandment at thi time. hould th re b no impro"i ement by the next In pection di bandrnent . bould certainly take place.
COMPANY I ELRERTON.
a.tain J. . Ree e, ommandino'. While in o'enerally . ati factory ondition there wa a lio,ht 10 in 0Ta lino- f I' th year princil ally due to 10 of propert and to orne neglect of proI erty on hand. orne rifle were dirt - ome bayonet ru 1:)T, while 10 es both of ordnance and clothinO', were very laroe. It i believed that the captain i not ufficiently forceful and energetic in dealing with hi men while the :,~tem of care of property could well be imI roved. The Company icon idered a o'ood and fairly efficient one, but the error' noted hould he correct d promptly. In pite of it havinO' one f the be t companie of the tate, the ayerao'e of effi'ciency of thi Battalion i next to the lowe t in the tate bein o' but 6 .73 or nearly p I' cent. below ~ tate m-erao'e.
HEADQUARTER , ..A. TLAXTA.
lIajor \\. J. Pre ton, Commandino-. First Lieutenant H. M. Dunwoodv Adjutant.
44

econd Li utenant F. H. Lichtenwalter, 'apply Officer.
.The e officer with the ergeant Major were in..pected at ..U. lanta and were fully and properly quipped. Th I er~onnel eem excellent in all way , and o'enerall efficient.
'O:\IPA_-Y F, ).LUUETTA.
Fir t Lieutenant \\. A. Way, ommanding. While there "a a malllo in grading for pa t
year, 3.32 per cent. this company icon idered a in fairly ati factory condition and better than could have been expected, all condition con idered. Guard Duty, Drill and average enlisted trength for pa t year were all belo" tandard. Having 10 t it former aptain and a new one not yet having been commis ioned, the company could not be expected at it be t thouO"h th temporary command l' i very intere tin o' and enero'etic, and will improve in efficien y with increa ino' e:q rience.
CO:llPAXT K, TLAXTA.
Captain C. A. toke, Commanding. rhi company wa in but fairly atisfactory con-
dition it 10 O'rading for the year being 7.61 per nt. quite O"eneraJly eli tributed. There was no great
intere t appal' nt in Taro'et ] iring, and Drill and Guard Duty "'ere fair only, and average enli ted treno,th wa. entirely too mall.
C :\IPANY L ATLANTA.
aptain L. D. \\bite ommandinO". In excellent g n ral condition, with a gain of 11.27 per cent. for the year, which i exceedingly creditable. Property 10 e were too laro'e and Guard Duty only fair; otherm._e there "a o'en~ral improvement and oTeatly increa ed efficiency, mo tly due to enero' and efficiency of the captain.
45

O:\IPASY ~I, ~\TLAXTA.
Captain T. A. Kemp, Commanding. In generally excellent condition, though Guard
Duty wa ' rather poor, and Drill wa fairly good only. In 'l'arget Firing this company leads the State for the year, with the excellent Figure of Merit of )35.42. The Gatling ooun and it appurtenance were in excellent condition, and a detachment i reported as at all time under in truction and kept efficient in the u e of the gun if needed in action. The vroperty 10 e were too large, both a to clothinlY .and ordnance, etc. Taken a a whol ,tbi i an excellent organization, reflecting great credit on all concerned.
Thi. Battalion i 4th in the tate for tbe year, with a grading of 77.77 per cent., which i more than 2 per cent. higher tban the tate averaooe.
THIRD B... TTALIO T.
HEADQCARTERS, TLANTA.
Major I. T. Catron ommandinoo. Fir t Lieutenant W. R. llier, djutant.
econd Lieutenant H. T. :Morrison, Supply Officer. Tbe e officer, with the ergeant Major, were pre ent at Inspection. fully and properly equipped. The per onnel j, excellent in all way, and all are believed to be very efficient.
CO:\fPAXY A, ATLAXTA.
aptain O. Palmour (Ab ent on leave). The Fir t Lieutenant wa in command at the Inpeetion, and eem. to be a mo t excellent vouno' officer, lacking only in experience. Except f~r the very large property lo~ e and apparently liO'ht inter t in Target Firino', thi company i. in generally excellent condition, it. ooain for the year havingbeen .29 per cen t.

O)IP.-\~Y B, ATLA~TA.
Captain R. N. Fickett, Jr., ommanding. Thi company wa in about its u ual condition,
having made a gain of but .36 per cent. (about on . third of one per cent.). Property 10 e' were mall, and the property generally well cared for; not all un erviceable wa . eparated, and arrangement for checking wa fair only. Drill, Guard Duty and interest in Target Firing were only fair. While fairly effi jent, thi ompany is below the average tate O'radin o' by about 2 per cent.

COMPANY ,ATLANTA.

Captain W. C. Hend.l'ix, Commanding.

-.

Thi company i in excellent condition throughout,

tX ept that its average enlisted trength for 1910

wa . entirely too mall. Property 10 e were small,

and property generally in excellent condition though

onlyfairly arranged for checking. Excellent interest

wa hown in TarO'et Firing the Figure of ~Ierit be-

inO' .93'. Though too mall, this company i con-

idered an excellent one, it gain for the year havino'

been 10.09 per cent.

This Battalion stand at the head of the ji tin thi

year' O'rading with the very reditable percentage of

79.9 , a o'ain 0", er it last year' . percentage (if com-

puted on arne ba i ) of 4.60

,

A. a Regiment, the Fifth Infantry tand. higher in

o-rading thi year, a it al. 0 did la t year, than either

the 1 t or 2nd. ~foreover, except a to record.' and

average enlj ted trength for year, it o-radino- i.

bio-her than either of them under each remainino-

b adino' howing that the high o-rading i not due

to orne fortunate chance in . orne one direction. It

~ain over o-rading of ]a t year wa. malleI' than in

the ca e of cither of the other Regiment, being but

1.27 per cent. a . ao-ain t 3.1 for the 1 t Infantry

and 2.14 for the 2nd Infantry.

EO prrAL ORP DETA H:JIENTS.

. A. O. SAHNNAH.

Oaptain L. Lee, Oommanding.
Though but recent! commi ioned and lacking in xperience accordingly, Captain Lee eemed interested .and competent and the detachment is in fairly ati factory condition. Record were poor, no driUs were held in 1910 or at In pection. Property was found in excellent condition. There wa a gain of 2. 6 per cent. for the year, and further improvement 'may be expected.

BATTERY A, F. A., SAVA~NAH.

aptain H. P. Adams, Oommanding.

Except that records were neglected and no drill

had during 1910 or at Inspection, this detachment

flppeared to be in atisfactory condition. Its grading

i. about the same as la t year, though with a slilYht

10 .

., BATTERY B, F.

TLA~TA .

Captain J. H. Orawford, Oommanding. Th re have been no enli ted men in this detach-
ment ince March 31, 1910. 0 grading was given, therefore as the In pection became merely a peronal one for the Medical Officer in command.

SECOND SQUADRON OF OAVALRY, TLANTA.

Captain B. E. Pearce, Oommanding. This detachment i in very s'atisfactory condition
indeed, the gain for the year being 29.76 per cent. due largely to the consolidation of all detachments at
tlanta for drill purpo e. The property was in ex ellent condition though ome had become mixed with that of the Squadron Headquarter ; it was very well di played for in pection. Record were neglected and more attention hould be lYiven them in future.

4

FIR T IXFA_-TRY, 'AYAXXAH.
Captain R. V. }Iartin olll1llandino. With a view to acceptan e of his re ignation :JIajor
Train had been detached, and Captain Jlartin plac d in command. Thouo-h no drill were held in 1910 or at the Inspection, and the record-bad been largely Jleo-Ieded, the detachment howed a o-ood gain in fficiency during the year and may be con idered a in fairly ati factory condition; it i belie\ed efficient only for camp purpo e:- at pre ent. The property had been neo'lected, and wa in rather poor condition "With con iderable 10 ,e .
ECO TD IN1'AXTRY, BARNE \ILL~.
:Major C. H. Willi , Commanding. In generally excellent condition, and by far the
mo t efficient in the State for the year' gradino" o'ain durino- the year wa G. 2 per cent. which 'j excellent. The property wa in o-enerally very good condition, and as well displayed a space permitted; hortage were small.
Pending expira tion of their enli tment the men of detachment at Augu ta (which fOl'rnerly belonged to the Third Battalion of Infantry), are carried a a part of the 2nd Infantry d tachment and are includ d in it . Inspection for thi year.
FOURTH BATTALION OF I TFANTRY.
Captain W. D. Travi , Medical Corp. There are no enli ted men hence no detachment
for In pection or grading.
FIFTH INFANTRY, ATLANTA.
:JIajor J. W. Duncan, Commandino-. While the drill after In pection wa excellent, thi
detachment j in but fairly ati. factory condition. R cord were poor and neglected; property not all at Armory, and accurate ch cking wa impracticable; Di cipline i. rather poor: there wa~ a los_ for the year in o-rading of 5. 6 ]) l' nt.
49

~A"' AL MILITIA. ~~ peciall'eport wa made at the time of the Inpeciion of thi pre umed organization. It i deemed unnece ary to make any further report at thi time, except to invite attention to the fact that thi organization was not graded and is not included in the Tabulated Report or in the General .li.verage ' of the tate for the year.
I CO CL ION. As i invariably the ca e, the Inspector wa treated mo t COUl'teou ly and con iderately by both officer and men (With the two exceptions already noted), and all pos ible effort wa made by them to facilitate the In pection. All criticism " no matter how adver e, were recei, ed in uch an intere ted and earne t pirit, and in so wholly a military and proper manner, a not only to reduce to the minimum the unplea ant part of the duty of the In pector, but al 0 to impre him to an even greater degree with repect and admiration for the per onnel of the Guard and for their enthu ia m and elf- acrifice in their earne t, though often mi dire ted, effort to learn and perform their dutie in a thorouo-hly efficient and truly military manner. The In peetor there-
fore extend .0 all hi thank for their courte ie "
cono-ratulations on their increa ing ucce ,and be t wi he for increa ed and continued improyement in the re ult of their elf- acrificing labor~.
F. L. PALMER, :,Iajor and In pector General.
50

APPE DIX A.
TABULATED REPORT OF INSPECTION N. G., GA., 1911.

Organization.

C. A. C.,H. Q.. 95.0095.00 94.44 ........ _. _....'SO.OO 9 . 7 92.661.. _..112.02 __ ._.

..

A .. 5.0095.00 90.17 5.00 ... _.. 5.0085.00 60.74 73.24 30 3.11 ... _.

..

B .. 75.0095.00 83.6260.00 .0560.00SO.00 53.19 63.36 45 ._ .. _ .65

..

C .. 60.0095.00 6.06 5.00 16.47 5.0075.00 74.70 72.15 33 2.1 .....

_ _'__~75.0019000~70.00.:.::=:70.00~53.7 i 65.1 I 43 1.7 00.00

A\'erage __~ 7 .00,94.00~75.00~75.0079.00 68.26 73.32 __ 00' 3.6900.00

F. A. Bat. A_. 90.0097.50 81.0070.00 00._00 95.00 5.00 45.71ISO.60 11 1.34.0000

..

Boo 5.00, 5.00 ~5O.00.:.::=:75.OOSO.0052.04 72.94 32 3.29.0000

A\'erage_._ ..... 7.5091.25 2.2760.00 ... __ . 5.00 2.50 4 . 8 76.77 .... _ 2.32 .....

2 Ca,;;. H. Q.. ~ 5.009- 0.00 100.00 .. _. i ....

I75.00 100.00 90.00._. __ . __ .. 1.00

B._75.oo 5.00 80.9 70.00 11.29 0.0075.00 79.31 69.57 40 11.36 . _..

rFe..

70.00 0.00

0.00 5.00

84.6970.00 46.9670.0075.00 84.6 75.OO_ .... SO.OO 0.00

97.4 91.30

74.27 72.00

24 34

5. 6 .01._

_ .

L .. lJO.0092.5O 84.5370.00 100.0090 .OOSO.OO 90.45 7.19 4 6.54 __ ._.

1 t Cal'. A . _.. 5.0090.00 6.61SO.OO 33.68 5.0090.00 90.95 SO.16 12 1.25 .....

A\erage.... _._. SO. 7.0 6.9273.00 3 .39 1.0079.17 93.25 7 . 7 ... _. 5.34 .. _.
---------------------------

lot InL B. Q.. 9 .0095.00100.00

_

95.00 90.00 95.60

4.2 _ .

Bd.95.0090.oo .44 ...... _ _._.90.00 92.11 91.11

3.34 _...

A .. 95.oo90.00 91.4275.00 10.7475.0090.00 66.10 74.16

B .. 85.00SO.oo 71.9 60.00

60.0060.00 72.14 61.14

26 49

I

4.50 4.20

. .

C_. 5.0070.00 90.2860.00

60.0040.00 6.07 61.72 47 1.29 __ ._.

D .. 5O.00 5.00 71.2445.00

50.0050.00 5.33 54.57 51 1..___ .26

E_. -.00 5.00 7.4OSO.00 .. _._.90.0090.OO 93.62 76.3 20 3. 5 ... _. F._75.0070.oo 73.3470.00. __ ._.75.0040.00 7.93 61.41 4 ... _. 3.52

0._90.0095.00 1.54SO.00 ... 85.OO90.00 96.55 77. 9 15 .31._ .. _

H ..'60.0090.oo 9.4050.00 21.7490.0075.00 91.17 70.91 3 _.... 5.07

1..195.0095.00 90.16 5.00100.0090.0095.00 2.67 9 1..60 re_.95.oo95.00 01.0990.00 81.6090.0095.00 76.57 89 28 L __ . 5.0090.00 2.9780.00 26.39 5.00 5.00 75.22 76.20 _ _ _ _1\_1_00, 5.0090.00 ~75.00~70.oo 5.00 91.01 75.3

311182 . 810._ . .-.... 21 6.70 ..... 23 ~==

Average __ .....

4.14.,7.14

85.3070.83

21.7575.0077.14I

84.75

75.53 .. _.. 3.1 ..... ~-.-----

2nd Inr. B. Q .I5.00 5.00,94.74 ..... __ ._ .... __ .85.00 5.71 7.09 ..... 9.67 _

..

A._ -.00 -.00 2.4475.00 10.1980.0090.00 95.04 75.42 22 2.97. .

B.. 90.0090.00 90.0485.00 93.4495.009.00 .15 91.20 2

.S4

C . .I75.0075.00 85.3375.00_._. __ 50.0075.00 79.53 64.36 44 .... _ . 9

D .. 90.0090.00 7.0775.00

85.00 -.00 9.03 73.9 27 3.7 ._.. _

E .. 70.00SO.00 91.9975.00 68.4690.0075.00 .09 79. 6 13 3.23 .

F .. SO.OO 7.50 91.7590.00 1.7390.0070.00 100.00 6.37 5 .4 _ .

0 __ 75.00SO.00 91.4160.00 .... _.75.0075.00100.00 69 ..55 41 6.47 .

B .. 92.5095.00 77 .5250.00 44.0375.00SO.OO100.00 76.76 19 3.10 ..

..

r1e._.

95.0070.00 5.00SO.00

6.7025.00 ..... 30.0030.00 100.00 89. 160.00 .. _... 0.0075.00 7.35

54.59 1\9.75.

50 39

_"'_ 12.27 3.76 .....

L.. 90.0090.oo 1.6050.00 14.9365.0090.00 89. 1 71.42 36 2.39

.. 1\1 90.00,95.00 76.41SO.00 3.72 0.00 5.00 3.40 74.10 25 14.96:::::

- - - - - - A\erage._ .. n 85.5'84. l' 6.6 66.67 26.3 74.5 77.92 01.27\74.05="2.14=
4th Bat. of Inr. I~--r-----------

:: B. Q.. 9.5.009.5.00 l00.oq .... _ 100.00 ..... 95.00 100.00 97.00 _,_,_14.00 _._ ..

..

C._00.0070.oo E .. 90.00 5.00

5.7,,60.00 17.2 .0070.00100.00 7170 2.1 65.00 92.17SO.00 0.00 .5.50 SO'61

35 10

'3--2

-q .

..

L_.9.5.009.oo 1.4175.00 .47 .;.0095.00 .4 77:30 16 1:00:::::

F.3rd In. ..... 92.00 7 . .50 6.427.;.00 12.46 .0090.0094.19 77.20 1 7.17 ._ ..

A\-erage....... 92.40 7.10 7.156.5.00 32.73 1.25 6.00 92.03 0.76_ ....' 2.66=

51

APPE DIX A.-Continued.
TABULATED REPORT OF INSPECTION . G., GA., 1911.

Organization.

~
?
~

~

~_.:

"
z

I ~g-

-~~# siu~e.:

~~j~ ;:a0~~C

=

.~:- <- 0- . . <.-<I ....

Q~:"I.i'g5..~.

II
~ 5-0:;
0.:

-i
~t

:~g ~~ ~Q g ~ 0

-~~<-o

5> 8'~ -<

~
0-

.~
0

~
......,

I

I

Q--'O.oo95.oo1oo.oo!-----~I----- 75.00~= 5th In..!. H. Ed_, 0.0095.00, 95.43.

1
55..0000 71.891 ~~:~_____ 2.7.529=_

..

A __ il5.00 5.00 3.7575.00 27.9 5.0090.00 6.2 77.25 17 .29 _

..

B __ 5.00 0.00 7.7970.00 32.26 0.00/0.00' 1.90 73.37 29 .36 _

__ 7.5090.00 00.91 0.00 .9380.00 5.00 70.69 84.13

10.09 _

D __ 92.0095.00 5.1590.00 45.0892.0095.00 6.71 5.1

_____.33

E __ 5.0095.00 7.3 75.00

85.0095.00 93.68 7 .26 14

2.77

F __ 5.0090.00 9.4270.00 15. 570.00 5.00,62.64 70.99 37

3.32

G __ 40.00 0.00 84.34 0.00 4.0985.0075.00,94.47 67.36 42 1.73 _

B!

____

60.00 5.00 5.0075.00

73.0 84.0

70.00 75.00

,60.00,65.00, 10.14 0.00,0.00

1.96 99.36

61. 73.51

46 2

6.16 , .95

h __ 7.50 5.00 c3.3 70.00 27.9475.00,90.00 66.3 73.15 31

7.61

L __ 90.0095.00 .6965.00 6 .53 0.00,5.00 0.3 1.5 9 11.27- _

."

i\L-90.0~?2.50i 9~.96,60.001~0.0075.00190.00 3.3~ ~:.35_6_.!.:..::.:.:.=

AHrage

1.5/ .36, 1.5y3.333".07 7 .92 83.93 ~ 1I.46.:.:.=~.:.:.= 1

H. C., . A. C __ 40.00195.00 10.00_____

.001 5.00 66.67 50.7 5 2.36 _

.. A. F. A__ 40.0090.00 10.00_____

.00 0.00 66.67 49.11 G

.29

2ndCs\__ 40.0090.00 72.06

90.0090.00 7.50 7 .26 2 29.76 _

1st Inf._ 6O.00}5.00 7. J4

7.50 0.00 2.25 51.9 4 7.01. _

2nd InL_ 5.0090.00 1.49

75.0095.00 100.00 7.65 1 6. 2 _

5th Inf._ 65.00,0.00 79.35

5.0070.00 0.21 76.59 3

5. 6

--
Ayeragen.:..:..::.:.:55.00

,6-.67-43-.34-.:.-:.=-.:.-.:.-.::.:.:~.:3.3310-.5-5-6-5-.7-3-.:.-:.-=

------
6.63.:.:.=

1911 Gen. Ayg._ 1.1417.54 2.6370.10 26.23 73.91;'80.51 3. 3 75.50

3.02 __

-----~---.-E 1 :-:=-----

1910 Gen. lhg.. 75.51, .2579.7660.74 19.3169.079.2775.3274.95

.:.:.= _

~~--~~~~~~~~~~R~~~,~,~~~~=~

EFFICIENCY OF BATIALIO S, FROM THAT OF Ol\1PA lES ONLY.

1. 3rd BntlnHon

5th Infantry

2. 1st BnttaHon

2nd Infantry

3. 2nd 'Quadron of Cavalry

4. 2nd Battalion

5th Infantry

5. Field Artillery Bat1aUon

6. 4th BattaHon of Infantry

7. 2nd BattaHon

l.,t Infantry

c. 2nd BattaHon

2nd Infantry

9. 3rd Battalion

1st Infantr:l'

10. Const Artillerv Bat1aUon

11. I t BattaHon -

5th Infantrv

12. 1 t Battalion

1st lnfantr:i'

13. 3rd BattaHon

2nd Infantry

Companies A, B, C, and D Companies A, B, C, nnd F Troops B, F, K, & L, & A, 1st Companies F, K, L, and M Bstteries A and B Companies C, E, & L, and F, 3rd Companies F, K, L, and 1\1_ Companies E, G, L, and 1\1 Companie. D, E, H, and I Companies A, B, C, and D Companies E, G, H, and I Companies A, B, C, and G Compsnies D, H, I, and K

79.9 79.34 7 .87 77.77 76.77 76.70 75.57
73.76 73.37 73.32 70.25 68.73 68 72

52

APPE DIX B.

TABULATED REPORT ON PERSON EL.

FOR THE IX PECTlO:-i.
--------------
;;
~"
<

I 'tieC~XG ~URIXG YEAR 1910.

rn rrJ:oe

:::3
u

;=j~~
~_ !

~~e~~~~~

1c
:aWQ
~E

riJ
]~

Organization. DATE. - - - -

------ili-~-

____Il:o~

~
'"

J~
0i

<II'~~-=-~~:..~=~:..~=-~~.C~~g.~~ .~.I~~-I=~-~.~~~

gri~. J~t==== M~~ ~4 ~ ~3 =_=_~_=_ 3 :: Unaseigoed

==== --i- ====
.------- 3 ---- ---- ----

-2-- =_=_=_ -__3 _-2_ =1= =_=_ =_=_
1

:==1=_=_

=_=_=_-_-

=_=_=_=_

-i-
l

.=_=.

-T-o-ta-ls-__-_-_-_-_ -__-_-__-_-_-_-1-4-_-_-_-_-1--__-_-_-1-1-5-

~~~;;;;[ ~

C.A. C.. ., H. QA__ AApprr 2210 53 11326

1 3198 - __ 11 -- -- 1._1 21 ._ -- -- 292 2113

1Z

..

B_ Apr 19 2 33

4 39 1

1L

1 1 25 30

5

..

C_ Apr 17 3 41

1 45

2

1 1 136 35 1 __

..

D_ Apr 1 3 34

1 38

2

1 1 20 31

11

T

ot...ls

____

~

_-___-__-___-

-
16

--
156

-

--

-
7

t17-9

-

-5-

-

-

-2-2

-4

-1

2

21-1-2r11:3-0: - - 1

---- - - - - - - - - -
23T44= F. A...Bat'y A_ Apr 14 2 27

8

3

=24====~~

:l

I I B Apr 24 3 37 ---- 6 46 - __ 20 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- __ 31 50

19

194= - - Totala______ ===-5-~I-l-------------

14

84 =44=~====

54

0

1======= =__ 2. q. 'yav. H. Q Apr 7 4 1 B_ Apr 12 3 36

C=C= 5 445 ___ __ __ 1 __ __ __ _1_ _1_ 31 39 ___ 7

F_ Apr 5 2 38

6

~~ 1~ ~f k 1~ K_ Apr 10 3 35

L_ Apr 6 1st Cay. A ____ ApI 13

3 3

45 53

Totals ____________
--- ------

--

-

-2-08-

-

-

1 2 1
15

50 57
241

=== 7 == == == == == == == == 37 I 32 ==5= __

4

L

49 41 9 __

-
__

~4-1

-

-

--
L_

--
L_

1

----'---

1213 22

13

1st Inr. H. Q-
-~- ~~~~~~ -~ -:1 2~ 25_~ ~ B~.nd------

Feb Feb.

2217 __1_6_

1

A_ Mcb 2 3 32

-g- 1 _ _ _ _ __ __ 1 1 1 1 52 52 1Jf' __ _

B_ Mob 1 2 37 C_ Mcb 3 2 41

22

1 1 11. 53 3122 __

2

42 46

4

D_ Feb 13 1 32 E_ Feb 10 2 45

6 ___ __ __ 1. _ __ __ __ __ 49 44 4

___ 10

1L

40 33 7

F_ Feb 2 1 37 G_ Feb 27 2 44 H_ Feb 16 2 49 L Feb 20 3 46 K_ Feb 17 3 39 L_ Feb 14 3 40 M_ Feb 15 2 47

60 25 --------------- 1__ 146 13 542 1 123 -- -- 1I ._L 1 1 2 2 4552 4432 14 1

49

5

1L

43 31 9 __

42

7

44 57

13

54 20

1 1 1 1 39 33 6 __

54

1

21

41 39 3 __

- - TotaL ______________
-------

42
--

-515-

-

-

----------+-1----,
-37 - - 2-2- -6- -7 6590 533 62

2nd Inf. H. Q_ Mcb 20 14 4 1

19 ___ 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 11 7 4

..

A_ Mcb 14 3 46

1 50 ___ 7

111L

60 4713

B_ Mcb 16 2 39

C_ Mcb 13 2 39

D Feb

3 40

E_ Mcb 17 3 43

F _ Mcb 16 3 53

G_ Mcb 22 3 50

H_ Mcb 29 3 46 L Feb 7 3 36

2 4 1 5
1 2 14

43 45

-3-~~_1====-\~-:-~-~-~ ~~

44 ___ 6 __ __ 1 __ 1 1 I 1 48

'44 51 ___ 2

11

56 ___ 5 __ __ __ __ __ __ I 1 40

54 1

1 __ 1 __ 1 2 1

III 51
53

-7-- - 6

1 1 __1 21 11 3459

~~ ~
52 ___ 4 39 5 __ 57 17 30 50 __
41 I 4 -24115--

K_ Feb 6 3149 L_ Mcb 23 3 40

2 1

54 44

10 --___ 17 __ __

1 1

1 2

1._11 212

1 1

42 44

37 6 __ 49 ___ 4

M_ Mcb 21 3 43

46 --- ~::::...:...: 11 1 1 1 ..!:.~~=

Total!.

=::::='-4-1528-1-33' 610 ___ 39 2 210 9l4J 914131590 1570 '90 I._

53

APPENDIX B.-Continued.
TABULATED REPORT OF PERSOf';'NEL.

FOR THE INSPECTIO:,\.

C

iii

I!t

j< I

Org3ciz.ation. DATE.

----;-

I I I or! . rw!

t)

C

t)

C

o!E

::"E

!E '0

~"

r I 4tb Bat~-I-----I--I , - - - - - - - / -

~~. Q--- cb 9 3 1 __ ._

41

1 1,

L_ 1__ 1 1 2 __

C .1cb 1 3 46

5 54,1 -

3 39

1

.. E .. L

Mob 6 3 39 )lcb 7 2 39

1 43 3 3 44 3

II __ - 1
-- __

1146 -H 3 __ 1 __ 35 2$ 9 ,__

3~rtd aBlat.

L

__

~~L:.. ~"":""_4_---- 3 ~=:~--

---- 113 1173

1

-_.:.:..:.:..:.:..:.:.
1 2.:.:. 11 __

I 3

1 2

~210 4I 353

=:~
-.:...!__

";tb In. H. Q- Jan 31 15 5 .B. and A_ JJaann 3270 ---1- 3226

I 20, 3 1 __ 1 __ 1 1 2 2 ---- 2l-
7 4252/51 --- -- -- -- --I-1- -1- -- -- 4170 413 67 ____

B_ Jan 25 3 33 C_ .Jan 25 3 34 D_ Jan 24 3 33

5 41

4

3 40 4

5 41 17

1 ,- 46 33 13 __

.1
'

J 1 4a4

40 35

4 __ 3 __

E_ Feb 3 2 52

2 56

5

4 44 4 __

F_ Mcb 27 1 39 SG__ MMccbb 3250 32 4355

1 41 81 14495

I 3

11

36 41

5

175 -- -- -- __112 11 11 --1 3394 4314 1 -i

KL_ JMancb 3213 32 3432 1 1 53 4408 1-1-- 13 -- -- --1 -1- 11 11 __ -- 4446 442 2 1_2_

L_ Jan 20 2 34

6!~ I_~_ 4

1

42 50

9

I;: )1. Jan 19 3 49

Tot-a-l.-_-__-_-_-'_'

I~503

1~4

11

49 49

_

1 ~ 593 =: 54 1 1 2]10 LO ~..!.523 501 24

: ~: t~~~ -t:~--~~ i -T ==j~== ~ I=~= T~= ==:~ =~ ::~: ::~: =]~ -------- H. '~u~~~a1d'-

1 ---- ---- ---- ~ 1 --- -- -- -- __1__ -- -- -- ----,---- ---1--

== == == == .... 2n.d. CaBy___ F Febb I1 11 --4-- ---T--- 51 --- -1-- -- -- -- __1,_1_ __1 __ __ ' 3 1 21 1 I'__I

I .. 1st InL __ Feb 23 3 7 1 3 14 4

1__ __ __ __ __ 3

4

1---/-- ------ .... 42ntbdIInoLf -__- MMccbb 2127

4
~

11 ----, 2 I 171 --- 1 -- -- 1

.. 5tbInL __ Feb 1 1 ~ 10 -\- 14 1

1

Totals = = 19 ~1-I-15612=

1__ -- -- , 11 6 - __ 6_

'________

,10

2

----'i----k--'-- - Q,. G. ~==,==1-31=-3-==

j~ ,

Inspection 1911.

21 213 9 200 2610 307 9 2 1939? 342-2-241216-610-91-__

1910

==21025i2'12:1--29i7== -,=~I=

=J==r

54

Order of merit.

APPE DIX C.

RECORD OF LOST PROPERTY FOR YEAR 1910.

I Clotbin~ Allowance.

,

i~ ~sed. Amount
Paid.

Organization.

It

.29

36.85

.00 (l

2nd Co., C. A. C.

2t

7.0'

42.0'

1.14 I!!<

1st Co., C. A. A.

3t

.67

51.89

17.78

3rd Co., C. A. C.

-lot

0.00

66.

1 .48(gl

Battery A. F. C.

5t

0.14

59.76

18.82(g,

E. 5th Infantry

6t

0.97

51.34

21.3 (g,

L. 4th Batt. Inf.

7t

1.91

27.64

2&.77@

. C. S. & Band, 5th InL

't

5.35

51.15

19.00@ I Tr. B., 2nd Cavalry.

lO9tt

6.05 11.75

45 57.99

19.19(g, 17.52(gj

Co. K, 1st Infantry. Tr. L, 2nd Cavalry.

11t

3.48

52.30

26. 1 (g)

Co. H, 5th Infantry.

12t

9.66

45.10

22.70(gj

Co. C, 5th Infantry.

13t

13.15

58.17

19.77 (g)

Co. H, 1st Infantry.

14t

10.21

64.35

22.91(gj

Co. H, 2nd Infantry.

15t

6.56

39.96

27.52(gl

C.o F. 5th Infantry.

16t

6.15

&3.21

19.23(gl

CO. M, 2nd Infantr~'.

lit

4.69

54.54

53.59 (0)

Co. 0, 5th Infantry.

1t

1.9

61.60

40.40@

Co. G, 1st Infantry.

19t

2.4

54.91

-loO. 13 (gl

Co. C, 1st Infantr~'.

20t

11.63

36.16

34.97(gl

. C. S. . Band, 1st Inf.

21t

11.57

52.75

35.14(gl

Co. I, 1st Infantry.

22t

.03

53.70

39.39@

CO. M, 1st Infantry.

23t

11.62

52.25

39.37(g)

CO. B, 5th Infantry.

~~t

4.41 21.22

60.6 42.35

53.41 a 3 .5O@,

Co. A, 2nd Infantry. Co. K, 5th Infantry.

26

59.99

.56.10

... (g,b Co. F, 1st Infantry.

27

16.63

46.62

46.62

Co. L, 5tb Infantry.

2"

32.08

62.19

35.44 a

Tr. F, 2nd Cavalry.

29

30. 9

37.27

'61.27

4th Co., C. A. C.

30

33.00

42.16

42.16

Co. A, 1st Infantry.

31t

3.74

76.13

74. '9~

Battery B, F. A.

32

29.92

49.50

49.50

CO. 0, 1st Infantry.

33

3 .29

5"'.26

42.

Tr. K, 2nd Cavalry.

34

80.34

56.24

3.46c

CO. B, 2nd Infantry.

35

26.59

57.30

57.30

Co. L, 2nd Infantr~'.

36

35.74

4 .33

4 .33

Co. M, 5th Infantry.

37

36.37

47.99

47.99

Co. L, 1st Infantry.

3 39 40

25.31 65. 3
6 .44

59.40 54.55 46.06

59.40 54.55 46.06

ICo. G, 5th Infantry. Co. E, 4th Batt. Infantry. Co. B, 1.t Infantry.

41

69.72

56.79

56.79

I Co. 0, 2nd Infantry.

42

67.33

5 .66

58.66

Tr. A, 18t Cavalry.

43 44

77.95 79. 7

50.04 59.73

50.04 59.73

I

Co. Co.

A, E,

5th Infantry. 1st Infantry.

45

90.

63. 0

63. 0

Co. G, 2nd Infantry.

46

93.92

63.39

63.39

CO. I, 5th Infantry.

47

117.73

5 .11

5 .11

Co. E, 2nd Infantry.

4

140.91

63. 0

63. 0

Co. F, 2nd Infantry.

49

153.98

53.16

53.16

Co. C, 2nd Infantry.

50

175.10

55.74

55.74

Co. K, 2nd Infantry.

51

272.39

63. 0

.....b

Co. I, 2nd Infantry.

52

223.64

63. 0

63.80

Co. C, 4th Batt. Infantry.

5.3

300.00

.....d

Co. G, 4th Batt. Infantry.

t-Total hort.ge, paid for, Ie" than .15.00; 25 in all. --Witbin Clotbing Allowance; 29 in all.
b-No clothing allowance given to organizations which did not settle with tbe Inspector General at tbe Inspection, and immediate settlement in full with the Quartermaster General was exacted in each case.
o-Bought clotbing from Quartermaster General, previou. to Inspection, to make up Josse. Hence did not g t benefit of full allowance.
d-Disbanded before In pections.

55

1912 INSPECTION.
STATE OF GEORGL\., THE ADJUTANT GENERAL'S OFFICE,
Atlanta, Ga., June 18, 1912.
GENERAL ORDERS.
No.6. The Report of the Inspector General~ National Guard of Georgia, is herewith published for the information and o'uidance of all concerned.
By ORDER OF THE GOVERNOR: WM. G. OBEAR,
The djutant General.

OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL,
ATIONAL GUARD OF GEORGIA,
Atlanta, Ga., June 18, 1912.

The Adjutan t General, State of Georgia, Atlanta, Ga.

Sir: I have the honor to ubmit the following a

my report upon the Annual In peetion and Muster

of the .r ational Guard of Georgia for the year 1912

~md covering all matters pertainino' to the variou

organizations for the calendar year of 1911, made

by me under G. 0., o. 16, from your office and dated

December 8th, 1911.

Thi In pection wa made concurrently with that

of the variou

. Inspector detailed to inspect

the Organized Militia of the State, the schedule

56

having been carefully arranged to that end. For-

tunately neither illne nor accident interfered, and

the schedule wa carried out a planned except for
an exchange of date between 0.0. K, 5th InfantrYr

and Co. F, 3rd Battalion of Infantry, a postponed

inspection of Co. H, 3nd Infantry, and a po tponed

in peetion of Co. G una igned, at Cedartown, which

was not made as the company reque ted di band-

ment prior thereto.

.

The In pection beO'an with the Cavalry arm J anu-

ary 16th to 23rd inclu ive, the U. S. In peetor being

First Lieut. E. R. W. McCabe, U. S. Cavalry, a most

engaging and efficient young officer, who ha greatly

benefitted the Caval,ry organizations of this State in

the performance of his duties as Instructor-Inspec-

tor.

The Coast Artillery In pection, January 25th to

31 t inclusive, wa made by Major E. O. Sarratt, U.

. Coast Artillery while the Field Artillery In pee-

tions, February 1 t to 6th inclu ive, were made by

Fir t Lieut. E. P. King, Jr., 6th U. S. Field Artil-

lery.

The Infantry In pection , from February 12th to

March 29th, inclu ive (and al 0 includino- the post-

poned Inspection of pril 20th, of! Co. H, 2nd

Infantry), were made by Captain A. Mitchell, 5th

. S. Infantry, the Infantry In tructor-In pector for

thi State. From pril 1st to 29th the Infantry In-

pection for the U. S. were made by me in my

capacity of Retired officer, U. S. Army.

The In pections of the Medical Corps officer and

of detachment of the Hospital Corps were made

(with minor exception) by Major F. T. Woodbury,

fedical Corps, . S.' Army, who showed himself

exceedingly intere ted and efficient at this ort of

duty, and wa, most instructive and helpful to all

concerned.

The under igned wa therefore, able to be pre ent

at the In peetion of every organization in the State

and to verify- in per on the very general and

57

highly creditable improvement which ha taken place within the pa t year, a hown by their grading (Ap}Jendix A). *
Before proceeding to a detailed report on the various organizations, and as a summary of the results found, attention is invited to the following general remark and consequent recommendations:
IN GENERAL.
There ha' been general and marked improvement throughout the Guard during the year past, though, a should be expected, it ha been one of degree only, and the criticism and recommendation made by me in former years are still applicable to a greater or less extent. To avoid undue prolixity the e remarks and recommendation will not be repeated in this report, which will be limited to brief Teferences and comment on the variou change~ made during the year for better or wor e.
Upon reference to Appendix A it will be noted that the general average for efficiency of all troop reported on is 80.90 per cent, a again t 75.50 per -cent for the previous Inspection, a gain of 5.40 per ~ent which is notable. While it i true that a con-
iderable portion of this apparent improvement i due to the fact that 5 organization (4 of which had been low in grading in former year ) had been ordered di banded and are accordingly not included in the grading, thi would by no mean wholly account for the entire amount of improvement noted. Thi i conclu ively shown by an examination of the "Gain" and "Lo "column from which it i een that 46 organization made gains in efficiency, while but'15 how los es. While both gain and losse are due, in ome cases, to a difference in the method of grading between thi year and la t, it i not believed thi would materially affect the general re uIt .
It will al 0 be noted from thi tabulation that an effort ha ' been made, a far a po" ible to compare
* 'ee page tf1Q,
5

in grading onl~' tbo:se organization having 'imilar duties and re pon ibilitie. Thu all Headquarters are grouped together and arranged in Order of Merit a shown by the grading. In a similar manner are arranged and graded the Bands, Hospital
orps Detachments, Coast Artillery Companies, etc. \Vhile the Infantry Companies are arranged by regiments, etc., for convenience in computing regimental or battalion averages, it will be noted that the Order of Merit in each case i for the whole Infantry apm~ the number running from 1 to 3'6, the latter being' the whole number of infantry companies graded. It will al 0 be noted that the organizations are arranged with highest companies first, rather than alphabetically as heretofore.
RECORDS.
There i an average gain in efficiency of 5.04 per cent., which i excellent. In only 7 cases are the Records generally un atisfactory (below 80 per cent.). The Corre pondence Book is still very generally kept in only a perfunctory manner, but all other record which have been required in the past are in very generally excellent condition throughout. The great improvement now needed is in the keeping of the Fir t Sergeant's Roll Book. This ha heretofore been co idered merely as an unofficial record which wa not properly kept nor preserved. All organization commanders were carefully instructed at thi Inspection in the proper manner of . keeping thi most important record, and were cautioned to pre erve it most carefully so that it may be accurate and complete when called for by the State In pector at the next Inspection; they were further cautioned that their grading, for Record, at the next In pection, would largely depend upon the condition in which it is then found.
PROPERTY.
The general average is' 90.01 per cent as again. t 7.54 per cent for la t year, a gain of 2.47 per cenL
59

This i' "ery o'ood indeed, e 1 cial1y a the rifle are deteriorating yearly and the 10 ~ in thi' direction lTIU t be counterbalanced in other before there can be an)- o-ain a talI. Practically all companie ha\ been upplied with propel' cleanin<T material for ih ir arm ,etc. and in mo tease' intelligent effort 11a been made to utilize thi and keep the rifle from deterioratino' through neglect. There i still, however con id rable room for improvement in thi regard. In orne ca e the men are required to care for their Om] rifle, etc.; thi i alway' a failure and re ult in rapid deterioration. In other ca e the employe i not ufficiently killed, or i not properly uperintended by the captain, with a imilar re ult. killed employes, careful uperintendence, and cea ele work and care only will pre erve the rifle In prop l' and thoroughly erviceable condition.
ApPENDIX B.*
The care and pre elTation of property for the year i exhau tiYely hOWD in the tabulation in Appendix ,** which i well worthy of clo e study by -all concerned.
From thi. tabulation it will be een that 7 organization had no property to pay for' 7 others paId Ie s than one dollar eac11; 26 other (or 40 in all) raid Ie '. than $15.00 each; 8 paid from $15 to $~5 'Cach; 9 paid from $25 to $50 each; 5 paid from $50 io $100 ea h; 2 paid from $100 to $200 each; and 1 paid $355.21' it may be added that thi company ha ince been ordered di banded. It will thu be noted. that the total 10 e (an paid for) in the 66 organization noted, were $1585.31, after refunding wmount "paid (under G. O. No.2 1911, A. G. O. Ga.) for rifle &c., later found in other organization. Of thi total, $610.21 wa paid by 3 or<Tanization only, leavlng the amount of 10 e paid for by the remaininf,l' 63 oro-anization a .975.10, an averao-e of .'15.4
~nly.
* '=cc pngp !02.
p"ge 10.;.
60

It will al 0 be noted that the lothing .Allowance wa exceeded in only 20 case out of 66, or in Ie HlaD one third of the organization. This is con. idered to how conclu ivel. that the .Allowance i ample for all organizations in which any reas'onable effort is made to prevent 10 e by properly checkina- it into and out of the po es ion of the men "hen th y remove it from the ~\.rmory.
ATTENDAX E.
There wa a slight]o in the averaD'e gradinD' under thi heading, the average being 2.53 per cent. a again t 2.63 for la t Inspection. It is highly probabl that thi 10 i only apparent rather than rea], and is a counted for by greater accuracy in r ord rather than by any actual decrease in attendance.
GUARD D TY.
nder this heading there wa a marked improvement, the average beinD' 77.49 per cent. a aD'ain t 70.10 per cent. for ]a t In pection, a gain of 7.39 per cent., which i excellent. The 'ame remarks a made in la t year' report till apply however, a to the intere t taken in thi important duty by either offi.cer or men peakinD' D'enerally, and a to the cau e for lack of better in truction. In addition it may be aid that the conditions under which the te.t i. made at the In pection make it by far the mo. t embarra ing part thereof to both men and In, pector alike; thi i principall:- due to the pre ence, and crowding around, of the pectator, many of whom are, in some ca e , men of other organization.. While it i not beli ,ed that uch men intentionall:- attempt to flu trate the .~entries, there is no doubt that their pre ence doe h:'\\e that effect and tlm. help to preyent the te t beinD', in an:- real . en. ,a true test of their abilit:- to propel']~- perform thi, dut:-. If an:- other mean. call 1e found for ('n. urinD' I roper in. truction ill and performance of
61

thi duty, the writer will glad13 welcome relief from it as a part of the formal In pection. But discu 'sion of the ubject with the uperior officer of the Guard has convinced the In pector that they do not desire this test to be abolished, and claim that it i ' the best means as yet found for en. uring attention to and in truction in this duty.
r:I:ARGET FIRING.
The general average is 48.12 per cent. a again t 26.23 per cent. for la t In pection, a gain of 21. 9 per cent., by far the greatest under any heading for the year. While there are till a number of organizations having no home range, many of them have taken advantage of opportunities afforded while at camp to obtain as large a Figure of :Merit a posible in the time allowed; this fact, with increa ing general intere t, will account for a general average nearly double what it wa a year ago.
The grading ha been ba ed on 100 as the maximum given to any organization, even when its Figure of Merit e.ceeded that amount. In view of the fact that the tabulation would not thu how the actual Figure of :Uerit where in exce of 100, it 11a been deemed de irable to enter the actual figure of :Merit in each uch ca e for purpo e ' of information, though the gradin0' and all computation ba ed thereon count 100 a the maximum.
IN PE TIOX AND EN ING DRILL.
In pite of the fact that thi wa the fir t in pection ince the promulgation of the new (1911) Infantry Drill Regulation and of con equent lack of familiarity (enpecially on the part of offi~er of orne length of' ervice and who had not yet conquered the old habit), it i notable that there wa very marked improvement in the o'eneral grading under thi heading ala. The general average is 1.99 per cent. a again t 73.95 per cent. for la t Inspection, a gain of 8.04 per cent. which j mo t excellent all thing.
62

con idered; it indicate exceedingly creditable effort on the part of both officer and men to keep abreast of all improvements in military knowledge and method , and is typical of the progre sive spirit which i 0 characteristic of the ational Guard of thi. State and i the true ba i of its' constantly increa inIY efficiency.
DI IPLINE.

According to the grading the average efficiency is

85.25 per cent. a against 80.51 per cent. for last

year, a IYain of 4.74 per cent., which i very good.

Examination of this grading in Appendix A shows

that, out of the 64 organization graded, 2 had 98

per cent., 2 had 97.50 per cent., 1 had 92.50 per cent.,

13 had 95 per cent., 16 had 90 per ceni., 15 had 85

per cent. 6 had 0 per cent., 4 had 75 per cent., 1

had 65 per cent., 1 had 50 per cent., 1 had 45 per

cent., and 2 had 40 per cent. In other words, 34

orga'nization were graded at 90 per cent or better

while only 30 had a lower grading' excluding the

5 organization graded below 75 per cent., the

general avera lYe of the remaining 59 would have been

.3'2 per cent.; or, tated differently, 5 organizations

lowered the average grading from 8.32 per cent. for

59 organizations to 85.25 per cent (a 10 of 3.07 per

cent.) for 64 organization.

.

For last year, out of 65 organizations graded, only

21 had 90 per cent. or better, 13 had 5 per cent., and

10 had 0 per cent., a total above 0 per cent. of 45

a again t a total of 55 for thi. y-ear. Thi proves

that the number of organization try-ing to comply-

with order and regulation in an intelligent manner

i. increa ing each year ,and that they are al 0 each

year learning better what i required and how to ac-

compli hit.

AVERAGE E~-LIsTED STREXGTH.

Except for the mall 10 already referred to under" Attendance" tbi i the onl~- column. ho,,",-

63

ing lo~ in gradin o' for the year; it i now 77.-:1:6 p l' cent a again t 3. 3 per cent a year ago, a 10 of 6.37 per cent.
It i reall, a very difficult matter to make any ju t compari on' bet\V~en re ult und l' thi heading in different year for the rea 'on that organization are di banded new one oro-anized, and orne orO'anization are chanO'ed from one regiment or independent battalion to another making it almo t impracticable to compare the tatu of any regiment or battalion for one 'Veal' with that for another. All that an be definitely pointed out i the broad, general feature. affeetinO' the whole Guard of the State.
~.uPENDIX B.
From thi tabulation it will be een that, on Januar.' 1st, 1911 the Guard was compo ed of 219 officer and 2,69 enli ted men; on J anuar 1 t, 1912, there were 22 officer and 2,692 men, a gain of 9 officer and a 10 of 6 men, or a total gain of 3 only. Amon o' the officer 69 were appointed or promoted while 59 left the ervice through re ignation, retirement. promotion to higher office, etc. mong the enli~ ted men, 1,962 were O'ained and 1,968 were di eharoed. In other word , the O'ain among the officer for th yeat wa about 30 per cent., and amonO' the men wa~ about 70 I er cent. while the 10 e were n arlr the arne.
_-\ t 'the In pection there wa a gain of 15 officer and 361 men (pre ent and absent) over la t year, the aO'O'regate beinO' 2996 as again t 2620 for la t year. In ]a t year' tabulation an error of 10 (41 in~t ad of 51) wa. made in the Aggregate for Co. D, fith Infantry. Thi. made the total too mall (2610 instead of 2620), and cau e an apparent gain of 3 6 for thi year while it i really only 376 a above !"tatecl. It will a1.o be noted that there were 2996 officer and men in the Guard at the In pection a a O'ain. t 2920 on .January fir t, howing 76 exce of O'ain o,er ]0.. e between the beO'inning of the year
64

and the Inspection instead of an excess of losses, as usual. It is al 0 notable that, while there wa a gain of 11 officer and 190 men present at In pection, there was also a gain of 4 officers and 181 men among the absen.t.
RECOMMENDATIONS.
_1. That each officer bonded f'Or property, and each officer holding property on Memorandum Receipt, be required to take an inventory of all such pt"operty actually in his po session and contt"ol during the month of Odober each year, and be required to submit not later than November 1 t, a letter igned b.'l him and directed to thi office, which letter hall state definitely that he ha actually made uch inventory and give a list of all article of public military property found short or ahead of hi accountability or l'e pon ibility; al 0 that thi letter be accompanied by the nece ary affidavit for Survey of any arti Ie (not covered by the lothing Allowance) found short and for which he believe he hoald be relie, ed under exi tinO' orders and Regulation.
2. That hereafter no accountable or respon ible officer be permitted the benefits of the Olothing 1lowance who doe' not ubmit to the State Inspector, prior to the In pection of the property submitted for. In pe tion and checking, a certifica te igned by him-
If and definitely tating that the property' ubmitted by him to the In pector comprise all the public military property in hi po. ession or control and that none 'Of it ha been borrowed from any other per on or organization for Inspection purpose.
3. That hereafter the Headquarter of each regiment, eI arate battalion, etc., be in pected before, in tead of after, the organization compo ing it, wherever circum tance permit, and for the purpo e of facilitatinO' the property ettlement of uch headQuarter ; also that each officer holding property on Memorandum Receipt be required to have such property di played at the AI'm'Ory for In -pection
65

and to submit therewith the certificate required by recommendation 2 above.
4. That in ca e of failure or refu al to furnish the certificate required by recommendation 2 above, the offi er in que tion hall thereby forfeit his right to the lothing Allowance, to urvey for any article found hort, and hall al 0 be amendable to such disciplinary mea ure a circumstance may eem to require.
DETAILED REPOR.T OF THE INSPECTIO
STAFF OF THE OMMANDER-IN- HIEF.
Brio-adier General Wm. G. Obear, Adjutant General, Atlanta.
Major F. L. Palmer, In pector General and Survey Officer, Atlanta.
The officer of the Adjutant General, Actino- Quarterroa tel' General, and the In peetor Genera1, are found to be, generally speaking on a high plane of efficiency, and con tantly imprOving therelin. In pite of the fact that appropriation made by the
tate are far too mall, better y tern are now in force than formerly, clerical work i better and more accurately performed, and property in the AI'. 'enal i~ better cared for.
HEADQUARTERS FIRST BRIGADE.
Brigadier General C. L. Anderson, Commanding, Atlanta.
ATTA.CHED OFFICERS OF STAFF DEPARTMENTS.
Major J. D. Dunwody, Adjutant General, Atlanta. Major W. C. Lyle, Chief Surgeon, Augusta. Major J. D. Twiggs, Chief of Engineers, Augusta. Major M. E. Laird, Chief Ordinance Officer, Atlanta.
66

Major A. Wright, Paymaster, Atlanta. Maj'Or C. C. Smith Judge Advocate, Atlanta.
AIDES-DE-CAMP.
1st Lieut. S. Y. Tupper, Jr., Ordnance Department, Atlanta.
1st Lieut. H. K. Kicklighter, Ordnance Department, Atlanta.
U ASSIG ;rED OFFICERS OF STAFF DEPATRMENTS.
Colonel M. J. Daniel, Quartermaster's Department, State Disbursing Officer, Griffin.
Maj. W. L. Gilbert, Medical Corps, Atlanta. Captain W. L. Starr, Ordnance Department, Macon. Captain J. C. Po tell, OTdnance Department, Savannah. Captain M. N. Stow, Medical Corps, Jesup. Captain J. . Bell, Quartermaster's Department, Griffin.
POST NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF.
Po t Quarterma ter Sergeant H. T. Greene, Griffin.
All of the foregoing were present for Inspection at their proper stations at the time ordered with the exception -of Captain M. . Stow, who did not report at any time or place.
All are considered excellent in both bu iness and social standing as well a . in military offibiency.
FIRST BATTALION, COAST ARTILLERY CORPS.
HEADQUARTER, SAVANNAH.
Major W. B. Stephens, Cam-manding. Captain R. G. Tunno, Adjutant. Captain F. A. Brown, Chaplain,
67

1 t Lieut. G. Haines, Artillery Engineer. 1 t Lieut. W. W. Wilder, Ordnance Officer. All of the e officer were pre ent for Inspection; the . C. S. consi ted of 14, ~ll of whom were present except one Engineer. The Record , Property, &c., were found to be in excellent condition, and the per onnel thoroughly interested and efficient except the Ordnance Qfficer who i again per istently neglectful of his correspondence, rendition of Returns, &c. and whose attention to property i al 0 su ceptible of improvement. Up to date of submission of thi Report, he is reported to the In pector General a having entirely failed, in spite of repeated corre pondence, to ubmit corrected Annual Return due in January la t.
HOSPITAL CORPS.
Captain Lawrence Lee, Medical Corp , Commanding. Except that the detachment has had no drills .dur-
ing the year, thi organization i in excellent condition; its gain in efficiency for the year is 21.23 per cent., which i remarkable.
FIRST COMPANY.
Captain G. .c. Heyward, Commanding.
. In. generally excellent condition, though enlisted trength for the year ha been entirely too smalL
SECOND COMPANY.
aptain S. . HarriS', Commanding. In generally excellent condition, though records are only fairly well looked after and average enlisted trength wa entirely too mall. It gain in efficiency for year is 15.12 per cent., the be t in the Battalion.
THIRD COMPANY. ,.'
Captain R. J. Tra~is; Commanding. In generally excellent condition, with a gain in
efficiency for the year of 13.74 per cent., whicn. is ex-
68

cellent indeed. This company lead the Battalion in efficiency as shown by the grading.
FOURTH COMPANY.
Captain W. H. Robert on, ommandino'. Except for neglect of record and entirely too
small average enli ted trength, thi company is in generally excellent condition, ha,ing O'ained 11.44 per cent. in efficiency ince la t In pection.
GE ERAL REMARKS.
ext to the Field Batterie . the a"eraO'e enli ted strength in the companie of tm Battalion i very much farther below the authorized minimum than for any other in the State. Effort has been made inc~ January 1 t, 1912, to remed' thi and it i hoped uch a condition will not recur.
While a larO'e part of the apparent improvement in average efficiency of th1 Ba ttalion i . due to a change in method of O'rading and e pecially to the omi sion, for thi year of Target Firing a a part of tbe O'!'ading for oa t Artillery, there ha been notable and O'eneral improvement in all other direction well worthy of comment.
Attention i called to the y tem of O'rading to be adopted for the next In pection (See ircular Letter, A. G. 0., Ga., June 4, 1912), and to the fact that, 'in fqture Target Firing of thi _Battalion, Special C9vrse A i to he followed. Hereafter the HeadQU,arter ' and all companies will be graqed for t~is ~iri:pg~ whether it i had or not.

tl: I .~. I :

FIELD ARTILLERY.

BATTERY A, AVANNAH.
Gap-tain R.. J. Davant, ommanding: , In; 'pite of it exceedingly small average enlisted strength for 1911, the Battery i, in its u uaUy, excel~

69

lent condition, in all matter within its control, except for lack of promptness in correspondence and for orne neglect as to Records'. Due to these matter there has been a loss in grading for the year of 5.3 per cent., which is the greatest loss shown by any ompany troop or battery not recommended disbanded.
BATTERY B, ATLANTA.
Captain J. E. Eiubanks, Commanding. In generally excellent condition and showing a ain in efficiency of 1. 9 per cent. over la t year.
HOSPITAL CORPS, ATLANTA.
1 t Lieutenant J. H. Crawford, Medical Corps, Commanding.
In generally excellent condition for a newly organized detachment.
ECOND SQ ADRO J OF CAVALRY.
HEADQUARTERS, ATLANTA.
Major J. O. Seaman, Commanding. 1st Lieut. H. K. Kicklighter, Adjutant. 1 t Lieut. S. Y. Tupper, Jr., Asst. Inspector S. A.
P. 2nd Lieut. L. F. Wilson, Supply Officer. The officer named above, as well a the Sergeant
Major, were present at Inspection; all seemed able and fairly efficient. The Adjutant had been rather neglectful of corre pondence for the year, and the Quartermaster failed to turn in uns'erviceable property prior to May 15th, as directed at the Inspection.
In ot,her respects administration seems to be satisfactory.
Ho PITAL CORPS, ATLANTA.
Captain B. E. Pearce, Medical Corps, Commanding. In excellent condition; the gain in grading for the
year wa 10.92 per cent.
70

TRoop B, Mel -TOSH.
Captain W. P. Waite, Commanding. While the average enlisted strength of thi organ-
ization wa entirely too small for 1911, there wa marked improvement in all other re peets, and 3 g'ain in grading of 8.33 per cent., which i excellent, all conditions con idered. The impro\ement in this troop for the past two year is mo t creditable to all concerned, and e pecially to the aptain.
TROOP F, GAINESVILLE.
Captain J. f. Fray Commanding. There has been a gain in a.. erage efficienc of 4.17
per cent. for this troop during the year, in pite of failure of the captain to hip in the un 'erviceable property prior to May 15th, as 'ordered at In pection, and a tendency to not ufficiently inform bim elf a to the requirement of order and Reo'Ulati{)n~ and to not comply with them promptly and properly.
TROOP K, AUGUSTA..
Captain J. C. Dempsey, Commanding. In spite of neglect t'O end in property found un-
serviceable at Inspection !pri.or ~o May 115th, 11:1; ordered, ihis' troop shows a' gain of 5.69 per cent. in grading for the year. The average enlisted trength was entirely too mall for 1911, and record wer somewhat neglected. Except for rather large 10 se , the property was found in excellent condition a Inspection; it pre ented a better appearance than in any other cavalry troop and was excelled by no other organization in the State.
TROOP L, ATLANTA.
1st Lieut. O. L. Rudis'ail, Commanding. In excellent condition throughout, and sh'Owing a
slight gain in grading for the year in spite of it very high rec9rd for the preceding year. It aver,age enlisted strength was too small, and should be
71

increased. In Target Firing this organization ranks 2nd in the State for the year, with the exceedingly ueditable Figure of Merit of 135.70.
TROOP A, (ATTACHED), SAVANNAH.
Captain F. P. McIntire, Commanding. Although showing a gain in Target Firing grading
of 66.32 per cent. the total gain in grading of this troop for the year was but 1.06 per cent., due to general losses in other directions. As usual, the property losses were very large; its standing in this regard wa:s 64 out of 66 ((AJppendix 0). Correspondence was grossly neglected during 1911, and little attention paid to requests or instructions from superior authorities. The Adjutant General report continued failure to receive Annual Property Return for 1911, in spite of all disciplinary efforts to this date. The property found unserviceable at Inspection has not, up to date, been received at the Arsenal, though ordered sent in prior to May 15th la t; no reply has been received to letter of Inspector General dated May 8th and calling attention to neglect of the crder referred to. The Target Figure of Merit for 1911 was 118.67, which is exceedingly creditable, and was the 4th in the State. While there were 10 ses in grading under several heading , the mo t notable by far was the los of 50 per cent. in Discipline, due to the failure and neglect of the aptain as noted above. Under thi heading thi troop stand lowest, for thi year of any organization in the State with the exception of one company which ha been ordered disbanded. And the unfortunate part of this state of affair is that it ari e from no neO'lect or failure on the part of any officers or men of the organization except th Captain him elf who eem utterly unable to look upon military matters from a military point of view or to recognize any authority . uperior to hi own de ire. ntil this attitude toward hi~ sU~lel'ior undergoe a totaI change, it i not believed that there can be any O'reat improvement in
72

this organization or in its value to the tate through efficiency.
GENERAL REMARKS.
It is believed that all cavalry troop of this State have been greatly aided and encouraged in their work during the pa t year through the efforts of the' Cavalry In pector-In tructor, Lieut. E. R. W. {er Cabe, U. S. Army who e enthu ia m, energy, and efficiency ha-'\ e been an in pira tion to all. In spite of a.ll difficultie . to be encountered and overcome, the average efficiency of the ca'\ aIry troop i till above that for all troop of the tate, which i exceedingly creditable to them indeed.
FIR T REGIME.r T OF INFA TRY.
HEADQ ARTER, SAVA.XKAH.
Colonel M. J. O'Leary, ommanding. Lieutena.nt Colonel J. G. Butler.
Captain H. H. Aveilhe, Adjutant. Captain J. J. Gaudry, Quartermaster. Captain G. B. Elton Commi _a1'Y. Captain W. R. Dan y, In pector S. A. P.
aptain S. L. McCarty, Chaplain (Thoma ville). All of the foregoing officers, and the 5 Regimental . C. S. Officer, were pre ent at In pection, fully and properly equipped, except the haplain who failed to report at Thoma ville. Per onnel di cipline, admini tration and efficiency are excelle.nt throughout, a u ual; thi Headquarters stand , and de ervedly. at the head of the]j t of headquarters for the year in practical efficiency though, due to Target :Firing it i excelled by the Headquarter' of the Fourth Battalion of Infantry in grading.
HOSPITAL ORP, AVANNAH.
Major R. V. Martin, Medical Corp, Commanding. While howing a gain in efficiency for the year of
13.99 per cent., thi detachment still tands lowest
73

811nong those in the State. It appears that the Surgeon in charge is too busy professionally to devote the necessary time to the records', care of property, or drills of hi detachment, or to properly inform himself as to his duties from the military point of view. It is believed, however, that the detachment is of sufficient practical efficiency to answer its general purposes .
BAND, BRUNSWICK.
Major F. A. Dunn, Commanding. In generally excellent condition except as to diffi-
culty of keeping up enlistments in so small a city, and as to orne neglect of records for the year. It is a very good musical organization, in spite of loss of grading for the year due to cau es named.
FIRST BATTALIO .
HEADQUARTER, SAVAN Ali.
Major G. H. Richter, Commanding. 1st Lieut. D. S. Atkinson, Adjutant. 2nd Lieut. R. Falligant, Supply Officer. All of these officers, with the Battalion Sergeant
Major, were present and properly equipped at the In pection. The personnel i excellent and apparently efficient.
COMPANY C, FITZGERALD.
1st. Lieut. "yv. S. Haile, Commanding. While the average efficiency of this company is but
70.80 per cent, about 10.00 per cent. below State average, there wa a gain during past year of 9.08 per cent, which is excellent. This was by far the, best Inspection passed by this company to the present time, and is below State average principally because of total lack of ~arget facilities. Great credit is due Lieut. Haile for the marked improvement in all directions since he took command.
74

COMPANY E, WAYNESBORO.
Captain M. . Cohen, Commanding. Property losse were entirely too lal'ge; rifle had
been badly neglected, being in awol' e condition than any other seen at thi ' Inspection; records were poor and neglected' no facilitie for Target Firing. A a result of the foregiong there wa a los in O'rading for the year of 5.35 per cent. It i hoped there will be improvement before the next In pection.

COMPANY H, SAVANNAH.

Captain Geo. D. Sem-ken, Commanding.

This company ha improved greatly during the

past year, the gain in grading being 14.54 per cent.,

one of the largest gains noted in any compan.

This was largely due to the Target Firing, the com-

pany having a Figure of Merit of 102.54 for 1911,

and standing 8th for the year. The O'eneral condition

is now excellent.

.

COMPANY I, SAVANNAH.

Captain H. M. Peek, Commanding. This company is in it usual excellent condition,
although not f.ortunate enough to retain it place at the head in the grading. There was a gain of 1.40 per cent. in grading, which wa mo t excellent considering its high record for the preceding year, and is roo t creditable to all concerned. It Figure of Merit was 114.36, and the 5th in the State.

REMARKS ON BATTALION.
Due to absence of target facilities' for 2 of its companies, this Battalion ha an average efficiency of but 80.09 per cent., and i naturally below the State average. It i 7th for the year in order of merit of Battalions.

SECOND BATTALION, FIRST INFAI TRY.
HEADQUARTERS, SAVANNAH.
Major C. H. Richardson, Commanding. 1st Lieut. A. D. Kent, Adjutant.
75

Vacancy a Supply Officer. The officer named above, and the Battalion Sergeant Major, were pre ent and properly equipped at Inspection. The personnel is excellent in all ways, and thoroughly efficient.

COMPANY G, BRUNSWICK.

Captain C. A. Taylor, ommanding.

There wa . a light 10 in grading for the year due

to greatly decrea ed average enli ted trength for

1911. In all other regard the company i in excel-

lent condition, though it ha no Target facilities at

home station, which account for thi organization

being a little below the tate average for the year

through no fault of its own.

.

COMPANY K SA\'AN~ AH.

1 t Lieut. J. E. Cro by 'ommanding. Due to improvement in other organization this
company 10 t po ition in o-rading during pa t year though having only a very light 10 .62 per cent. In Target Firing it lead the tate for 1911, having a Figure of Merit of 139.43, which i believed to be the highe t yet made in thi State. It i believed, however, that thi wa obtained at a acrifice of the average enli ted trength for the year, which wa but 35.87 men; thi is altogether too mall, and is notably malleI' than in any other infantry organization. The 10 in gradino' in thi re pect more than compen ated for gain in other direction, and the re ult wa a light 10 . in grading, ufficient, however, to lose the company it relative po ition in the grading for the year. The company is in excellent condition in all other re peets, and stands 7th among the infantry companie for the year, which is highly creditable to both officers and men.

COMPANY L, SAVANNAH.

Captain J. A. Daily, Commandino-. Thi company i in excellent ondition, having a
gain in grading for the year of 5.66 per cent. Due to

76

flustration and presence of several recruits, the drill following the In pection was scarcely up to tandard; the average enlisted trength for 1911 was too small; there was a notable gain in Target Figure of Merit (42.02 per cent) and general gains in other directions. Taken all in all, the ~mprovement for the year i highly creditable to all concerned.
OOMPANY M, SAVANNAH.
Captain J. O. Maggioni, Oommanding. Except as to average enlisted trength for 1911,
which wa too mall, this company howed mo t excellent gain in all direction ; the gain in grading was 10.22 per cent., which is among the large t for the year. The company is in mo t sati factory condition, creditable to all concerned.
REMARK ON BATTALIO .
A a Batta)ion the average efficiency i 3.11 per cent., and second in the State for the ear in spite of the fact that one company had no opportunity for Target Firing at home tation.
THIRD BATTALIO ,FIRST II FA TRY.
HEADQUARTERS, BRUNSWICK.
Major F. A. Dunn, Oommanding. 1st Lieut. J. P. Toomey, Adjutant. 2nd Lieut. W. L. Harwell, Supply Officer. All of these officers, with the Battalion Sergeant.
Major, were present at Inspection and properly equipped. The per onnel is excellent and of fair -efficiency. Battalion admini tration, 0 far a carried on, eemed to be fairly well attended to.
OOMPANY A, THOMASVILLE.
Captain W. A. Watt1 Oommanding. Due to the apparent impo sibility of keeping the
average enlisted strength up to present requirement .during 1911, all concerned seem to have become dis-
77

couraged with the pro pect of continuing thi company, and reque t had been accordingly made, prior to the Inspection, for di bandment. This wa delayed until the Inspection so that the Inspector might per onally investigate and decide on the question of the disbandment requested. After careful consideration of all conditions though with great regret, di bandment wa recommended, a it wa apparent that not even Captain Watt's well known intere t and efficiency (aside from local popularity. and influence) could attract a sufficient number of men to the company to keep it efficient and effective. The grading was not completed, therefore, and hence doe not appear in the tabulation in Appendix A.
COMPANY B, V.ALDOSTA.
aptain A. Winn, Commanding. Prior to the In pection thi company had reque ted di bandment, all concerned having become convinced that it was impracticable, through loss of interest of the town in it company, to continue thi organization in existence. After inve tigation at the time of the Inspection, the disbandment was recommended and has ince been ordered. For thi rea on the grading was not completed, and is not given accordingly.
OMPANY D AVANNAH.
1st. Lieut. E. J. Gleason, Commanding. While disbandment had not actually been request-
ed prior to Inspection, it was expected and apparently de ired by the Commander and hi ' superiors, though some of the enli ted men perhaps desired to continue the effort to become efficient. After investigation it wa decided that disbandment was nece sary; hence the Inspection was not completed, nor the grading; disbandment has since been ordered.
A illu tration of the reasons why this was deemed unavoidable, it may be cited that the property 10. ses settled for at last Inspection were $59.99; be-
78

tween that time and Dec. 31st, 111, further losses were settled for with the Quartermaster General to the amount of $348.3'6; and, although a large amount of new property had been received, some of which had scarcely been taken from original packages, further loss'es were found at date of Inspection (March 5th) to the amount of $38.04. Cl'!-re of property, independent of the losses, was poor, and, as had occurred at all previous inspections of this organization by the present Inspector, the property on hand, was not properly gotten .together or arranged for Inspection so that it could even be accurately counted or checked until arranged under the immediate supervisi'on of the Inspector him elf. In addition, it was found that 14 men, who 'e enlistments had expired from one to two months before date of Inspection, (including the 1st Sergeant) ,had not been discharged but had been carried on all reports and returns as if still enlisted. These men were discharged on the day of Inspection, by the Inspector's' orders, and such as desired were re-enlisted; this reduced the number of men who would probably have been absent by about 11, in spite of which there were 14 others absent at the night Inspection of the personnel. Records were poor throughout, large property losseS', and poor care of what was on hand, Drill and Guard Te t were poor, and Discipline purely nominal. These fundrumental defects, and the absence of any discernible traces of real military knowledge or point of view, could not possibly have been corrected through the presence, at the Inspection, of the Captain or 1st Lieut., and the organization was' therefore decided as hopeless, and its disbandment recommended ascordingly.
REM~RKS ON THE BATTALION.
For reasons which will be obvious to all, this Battalion has not been graded for comparison with others. At the time of the Inspection itself, the companies belonged to other battalions of the regiment;
79

their prospective disbandment necessitated a new assignment of the remaining companies to battalionsr and that assignment is the one used in this report.
REMARKS ON THE FIRST INFANTRY.
Because of the conditions noted above, and certain others affecting the 5th Infantry and to be noted later, it is impracticable to make any compari ons between the three Infantry Regiments a to relative efficiency at this Inspection.
The Fir t Infantry, as to all organization not recommended disbanded, is in excellent general condition. With Co. F included, the average grading under several headings is slightly below the State average; if this company were excluded, the averages. in all ca e would exceed the general average for the State.
SECO D REGIME T' OF I FA TRY.
HEADQUARTERS, MACON.
Colonel W. A. Harris, Commanding. Lieutenant Colonel B. Jones. Captain A. A. Drake, Jr., Adjutant. Captain . McA. I 'aac , Quartermaster. Captain R. H. Mason, Inspector S. A. P. Captain R. E. Douglass, Chaplain. All of the foregoing officers, and tbe 5 reO'imental . C. S. officer , were present at In pection, fully and
properly equipped, except the Chaplain who failed to report for In pection at any time or place. Peronnel, discipline, admini tration and effibency are generally excellent, as u ual; property affairs were in a badly mixed condition, due partially to neglect of the former Acting Quartermaster and partially to' other conditions' which were unavoidable. After conidel."able effort on the part of the Inspector in cooperation with the Quartermaster, tbe property records bave been straightened' out and all bortage.
80

ascertained and settled for (so far as concerns the present Quartermaster) and it is accordingly hoped, and believed, that the almost continuous' chaotic condition of this department in the past will not again recur.
HOSPITAL CORPS, BARNESVThLE.
Major C. H. Willi , Medical Corps, Coinmanding. This organization is in thoroughly excellent con-
dition throughout, and is ea ily the best now in the State, among the Hospital Corp deta~hment., reflecting great credit upon all concerned.
BAND, SHELLMAN.
Chief Musician J. T. Oliver, in charge. There is no commissioned officer at this station
available for command, and military instruction of this Band. Consequently this organization, newly organized and largely without any previous military experience, is almo t entirely without Inilitary training, though apparently an excellent musical organization. All seem greatly interested and desirous of becoming efficient in all ways; continued improvement may therefore be confident.ly expected.
FIRST BATTALION.
HEADQUARTERS,MAcON.
Major J. A. Thomas, Commanding. 1st Lieut. and Adjutant, Vacancy. '2nd Lieut. A. F. Holt, Jr., Supply Officer. The foregoing officers, and the Battalion Sergeant
~fajor were present at Inspection, and fully and properly equipped. The personnel is excellent in social and busines standing, and the Major is especially efficient.
COMPANY A, JACKSON.
Captain G. E. Mallett, Commanding. In excellent and thoroughly satisfactory condition,
showing a gain in grading for the year of 3.64 per
81

cent. With the marked improvement in Armory conditions, it is' expected that there will be further improvement in future, especially as to care of property while in store.
OOMPANY B, MACON:
Captain J. B. Harris, Oommanding. The splendid condition of this company for thi
In pection may be inferred from the fact that it average efficiency is graded at 94.05 per cent. and that it is easily in the lead among all organization in the State. This i especially creditable and notable since the Oaptain has occupied that position for less than a year, and this was his fir t Inspection in command. The ceremony of In pection and the ensuing drill were easily the best s'een at this Inspection. The Target figure of Merit for 1911 was . 119.63, and ranked 3rd in the State. The average enlisted strength for 1911 wes entirely too small, conf,iderably lowering the average effi.ciency. The grading attained by this company is the highe t a yet given any organization in the State at any In pection.
OO~PANY 0, MACON.
Captain M. M. Thurman, Oommanding. This organization continueS' in most unsatisfactory
condition, and with very vague prospect of future improvement. Apparently neither of the officer i able, on account of private affairs, to devote either the proper time or attention to the company or to the administration of its affair. As usual the property was grossly neglected, the losseS' being larger than for any other organization not recommended disbanded. Records were only fairly good, attendance at drills &c., poor, average enlisted strength for 1911 very small, &c. Although not found in satisfactory condition at previous Inspections', the company deteriorated during the past year, showing a loss in grading of 2.75 per cent. In view of all the foregoing and the apparent improbability of improve-
82

ment under it present officers, it was recommended that thi company be allowed 90 day in which to in tan a 2nd Lieut. and have him receipt for all property that the aptain and 1 t Lieut., both of whom expre ed to the In pector General a desire to re ign, be then permitted, or reque ted, to do 0; jf the e condition were complied with the company was then to be on probation till next Inspection; otherwi e that it be disbanded.
OMPAXY F, )!ACON.
aptain W. P. Wheeler ommanding. Thi compan:" as u ual i in O'enerally excellent condition througbout, tanding 4th among the infantry companie ' with a grading of 90.00 per cent., a gain of 3.63 per cent. for the ear, which i highly creditable in view of it previou high tanding. The fauJt , while Ie. marked than in former years are the. arne in kind a commented on in previous report. Record had been somewhat neglected, and , property found unserviceable and ordered shipped in to tbe AI'. enal prior to May 15th ha not been received there.
REMARK OX THE BATTALION.
The average efficiency of this Battalion i 81.71 per cent., well above the average for the State, and it ranks 4th among the Battalion for the year.
ECOXD BATT.A.LIO .
HEADQ -ARTER, GRIFFIN.
rajor W. H. Beck, Commanding. 1st Lieut. J. H. rouch, Adjutant. 2nd Lieut. J. A. Gossett, Supply OfficeI'. These officers, with the Battalion Sergeant Major, were pre ent at In pection, and fully and properly equipped. The per onnel is excellent, and seems thoroughly efficient.
83

COMPANY E, MILLEDGEVILLE.
Captain J. H. Ennis, Commanding. While, a u ual, the property 10 es were too large
and care of property had been omewhat neglected. there was an improvement in grading in thi ' company for the year of 3.54 per cent., which is very good. The c.ompany i undoubtedly in better and more satisfactory condition than at any previou Inspection, and it is hoped it will continue to improve in future.
CO ~PANT G, BAB~ ES\ILLE.
Captain Ben Franklin, ommandino-. There was marked improvement in thi company,
a hown by it gain in grading for the year of 6.42 per cent., which i excellent. .A new and 'lUuch bett I' Armory ha been obtained, and it i 'tl'U t d that thi will permit of continued improyement in thi organization, which i greatly hampered by lack of Target facilitie at home tation; thi fact account for the average efficiency beiug below the State avenw
OMPA~Y L GRIFFIN.
-Captain E. W. Beck, ommandino. While till below the tate averao-e, there ha. been
marked improvement in thi company durino- pa t year, a shown by gain in grading of 7.13 per cent. It is now in generally ati factor~' condition, thouo'h, due to a large number of recruit at In pection, the Guard Duty wa rather I 001' and the dl'ill only fairly good.
Ol\IPAXY M FOR YTR.
Captain U. L. Porch, ommanding-. Except ~or lack of home facilitie for Target Fir-
ing, this company i now in thoroughly excellent condition throughqut it o-ain in grading for the year was 6.39 per cent., which i excellent, e pecially when con idered in connection with it neat O'ain (14.96 per cent.) for the previou year.
4

REMARKS ON THE BATTALION.
Largely due to lack of Target facilities', or apparent lack of interest in Target firing, the average of this Battalion is slightly below the State average, being but 79.16 per cent.; the Battalion rank 9th among the 11 battalions graded for thi year.

THIRD BATTALION.

HEADQUARTERS,

Major A. Levy, ommanding.

1st Lieut. J. S. ixon, Jr., Adjutant.

2nd. Lieut. and Supply Officer, Vacancy.

All of the e officer, and the Battalion ergeant

Major, were pre ent at In pection, fully and properly

equipped. Th per ounel eem excellent, intere ted,

and efficient.

OMPANY D,

GUSTA.

Captain J. F. Henders'on, Commanding. Except that the property found unserviceable at
In pection wa not hipped in to the AI' enal prior to May 15th, a ordered at In pection, this company is in generally excellent condition. It i below the average for the tate only because of lack of facilitie for Target Firing at home station.

COMPANY H, MONROE.

Captain J. R. .J: unnally, Commanding. Except for being unduly mall at In pection and
having a large number of recruits (with cons'equent result of rather poor drill and guard tests), this company was found in its usually excellent condition at Inspection; considering all difficulties to be locally met and overcome, this result is exceedingly creditable to all concerned and e pecially to a very efficient captain.
COMPANY I, AUGUSTA.

Captain Geo. Hain , COII\1llanding. ThiS' company wa found in generally excellent
condition at In pection except a to Drill and Guard

85

Test (which were fairly good only) and as to Target Firing, for which it had no local facilities. There was also an exce sive number of absentees among the enlisted men from the Inspe tion. Considering the totally un ati factory condition of thi ' company at the last Inspection, its present condition i nothing short of remarkable, and is the highe t sort of tribute to the ability and efficiency of the pre ent very competent and energetic captain, in spite of his laok of xperience in thi po ition. The gain in efficiency, as hown by the grading, wa 21.20 per cent., far greater than for any other company of any branch of the ervice during the year. Great credit i al 0 due to the other officers 'and the enlisted men of the company for their excellent work and co-operation in raising the standard of efficiency.
OMPANY K, AUG TA.
Oaptain T. . Jowitt, Commanding. This company was found in generally excellent
and highly creditable condition, its grading showing a gain of 7.05 per cent., which is excellent indeed. Except as to Target Firing, for which it had no local facilitie ,thi company i well above the State average, and especially in it average enlisted strength for 1911, and excellent attendance at drill throughout the year. The property found unserviceable at the Inspection was not shipped to State AI' enal until after May 15th, instead of prior thereto as ordred at the Inspection.
REMARKS ON THE BATTALION.
. Due to lack of Target facilities at Augusta and consequent lack of qualification of companies at that station, this Battalion ha an average efficiency of but 76.41 pr cent. which is' considerably below the State average, as hould be expected. It is hoped that range facilitie will b available hereafter and that this defet, for which the organizations are in no way responsible will not militate against them in
86

future. The Battalion is efficient in all other respect , and i believed to be constantly improving in efficiency.
REMARKS ON THE REGIMENT.
Of the three Infantry Regiments, this i ' the only one which has no loss 'Of companie since the last Inspection; it has but one company which i apparently in danger of future di bandment due to lack of efficiency, intere t, and energy. In pite of the lack of Target facilitie of five of it companies', the regiment i ju t above the State average of general efficiency. In average enlisted trength it leads all other regiments and battalion. In general it may be said that the condition of the Regiment for 1911 and at the Inspection is excellent and very satisfactory indeed, except a to the one company above noted.
THIRD (SEPARATE) BATTALION OF I [FA TRY.
HEADQ ARTERS, ELBERTON.
Major H. P. Hunter, ommanding. 1st Lieutenant, G. H. Ses'sions, Adjutant, Marietta. 1st Lieut. G. A. Johns, Asst. Inspector S. A. P.,
Winder. 2nd Lieut. and Supply Officer, Vacancy. The foregoing officers, and the Battalion Sergeant
Major at Elberton, were present at the Inspection. All seemed effilCient, though administration is necessarily hampered by the dispersion of the Commander and his staff at different stations. Captain F. W. Bondurant, Co. H, at Winder, was .acting as Supply Officer, he having but recently been promoted from that position and the vacancy not having yet been filled.
The personnel is excellent and generally efficient; records, property, &c., were found in satisfactory
87

condition con idering the recent transfer of this organization from the 5th Infantry and the consequent independent administration involved.
COMPANY E, LINDALE.
Captain H. P. Meikleham, Commanding. Due to local Target facilities at last obtained, this
company was' enabled, and for the first time, to take a position in the year's grading to which it has long been entitled from its general efficiency. Its gain in grading for the year was 15.01 per cent. which is mo t excellent, and by no means due to Target Firing alone. It general average of efficiency for the year i 93.27 per cent., a percentage never attained by any organization until this year and now exceeded by but one company. This is considered most 'atisfactory, and i hio-hly creditable to all officers and men concerned, and to the tate it elf.
COMPA Y, F, MARIETTA.
aptain W. A. Way, Commanding. Except as to Target Firing, for which it ha no local facilities, thi company is in highly atisfaetory condition, and a credit to all concerned. Especial credit i 'due becau e of the practical disorganization of the company for some month consequent upon the fire which, in May 1911, destroyed it armory, records and a large amount of its property, and left the company to struggle along with lack of equipment and without armory facilitie for a considerable period of time. Through u e of the Atlanta Target Range a Figure of Merit of 24.44 was obtained, and the total gain in grading for the year was 6.37 per cent., which is excellent indeedd in view of the facts cited.
COMPA Y H, WINDER.
Captain F. W. Bondurant, COID'manding. Thi company wa not found at all in atisfactory
condition and hould con ider itself as on probation
88

until the next Inspection. The captain had but recently been promoted to that position, and the COllipany had been badly neglected and poorly handled prior to that time. The general efficiency was lower than for any other company not ordered disbanded though showing a very small gain in grading for the year. Unle s there is a growth in intere t and a better respon 'e to the efforts of the officers to increase efficiency during the coming ear it i doubtful if the organization will be of ufficient value to the State to warrant retaining it in service.
COMPANY I, ELBERTON.
Captain J. C. Ree e, Commanding. There wa general and very creditable improve-
ment in this company for the year, the gain in gradinoo being 4.78 per cent, which is excellent. The general efficiency i 78.29 per cent., which is considerably above the State average exclu ive of Target Firing for which this company has no local facilitie .
REMARKS ON THE BATTALION.
Due largely to lack of Target facilitie for 3 of it companie , the average efficiency of this Battalion i somewhat below the State average, as hould be expected. The average gain in oorading for the year wa 6.79 per cent, which i very atisfactory indeed.
FOURTH (SEPARATE) BATTALION OF I FANTRY.
HEADQUARTERS, /COLUMBU .
Major H. Mozen, Commanding. 1 t Lieut. W. M. Wilder, Adjutant, Albany. 1st Lieut. T. F. Joerg. Asst. Inspector . A. P., Columbu. 2nd Lieut. T. O. YlOung, Supply Officer, Columbus. The e officer, and the Battalion Sergeant Major at Albany, were pre ent at the In pection, properly and fully equipped. The per onnel is excellent and
89

seemed quite efficient. Speaking generally, records and property were found in excellent condition, and the administration excellent. In its grading, this Headquarters leads all others' in the State this year, though not, of course, haying responsibilities equal to those of the headquarter. of re.oiment .
HOSPITAL CORPS, COVINGTON.
Captain W. D. Travis, Medical Corp , Commanding. There is but one enlisted man in this detachment,
and he is at Albany, while Captain Travis resides at Covington. Due to this fact he ha had no military in truction since enlistment in 1911, and is not under control or instruction of Captain Trvais except when on duty together at camp, the detachment can scarcely be 'Considered a of much value under present conditions, though probably ufficiently useful for camp needs.
The Hospital Corps man at .AJbany failed to report for Inspection; Captain Travis reported, with all property for which he is accountable, at Monroe on April 20th, a ordered.
COMPANY C, COLUMBUS.
Captain F'. H. Schomburg, Commanding. Except for poor care of property and consequent
large losses, this company has improved since last Inspection as is nown by the gain in its grading, 5.35 per cent., which is very good.
COMPANY E, ALBANY.
Captain G. W. Saye, CO'IIImanding. Although having a Target Figure of Merit of
113'.16 (the 6th in the State for 1911), this company made very slight gain in grading for the year. Loss'es of property were too large, and average enlisted strength for 1911 was entirely too small. The general condition of the organization can only be considered as fairly satisfactory, and efforts should be made to improve it in the future.
90

COMPA~Y F, ATHENS.
Captain J:W. Arnold, Commanding. While standing well in the grading for the year,
and showing an excellent gain of 7.55 per cent. therein, thi company can only be considered a in fairly satisfactory condition. The record were somewhat neglected, enlistments were carele sly and illegally made, rifles were neglected and several practically" unserviceable, &c. However, it is believed that earnest effort i ' being made to remedy the e defect, and that marked improvement will be "hoWD in future.
COMPANY L, MERICUS.
Captain . P. Davi , Commanding. This company i about in its usual excellent con-
dition, though howing a very slight losS' (.07 per cent) in grading for the year. Having no local Target Firing facilitie , such qualifications as is obtained i through firing on the range at Ibany; the interest thus shown is highly creditable to all.
REMARKS ON THE BATTALION.
This Battalion stands 6th in grading among the battalions' this year with an average efficiency of 80.09 per cent., a gain of 3.39 per cent. over last year.
FIFTH REGIMENT OF INFANTRY.
HEADQUARTERS, ATLANTA.
Colonel E. E. Pomeroy, Commanding. Lieutenant Colonel O. H. Hall. Captain F. M. Cochran, Adjutant. Captain J. Q. Nash, Quartermaster. Captain F. H. Lichtenwalter, Commissary. Captain W. T. Spratt, Jr., Inspector S. A. P. Captain C. B. Wilmer, Chaplain. All of the foregoing officers, and the 5 Regimental
N. C. S. officer , were present at Inspection fully and
91

properly equipped. The personnel is excellent, and seems generally efficient. The AdjutaJlt's office seems' now to be excellently conducted; due to the distance of his residence, or some other cause, the Quartermaster seems to have left the care of the property and its records almost wholly to the Q. M. Sergeant with not very satisfying results.

HOSPITAL CORPS.
Major J. W. Duncan, Medical Corps', Commanding. This detachment wa not found in very satisfac-
tory condition; records had been neglected, property was not well cared for and there were apparently some hortages; discipline eemed poor. It was found impracticable to settle the property. hortages at the inspection as' it wa impos ible to ascertain accurately what property wa actuall on hand. It wa therefore recommended that settlement be made direct with the Adjutant General, which has ince been done.
BAND.
Captain F. M. Cochran, Adjutant, Commanding. In excellent condition throughout, though enlisted
strength for 1911 was too small. In grading this. organization leads among the band of the State for the year, and shows a gain of 2.99 per cent., which is very good.

FIRST BATTALION.

HEADQUARTERS, ATLANTA.

Major I. T. Catron, Commanding.

1st Lieut. W. F .. Slatton, Jr., Adjutant.

2nd Lieut. anq ,E?,upply Officer, Vacancy. ,

Major Qatron, and th.e .Battalion Sergeant' were

present and properl,y- equ,ipped at Insp~~ti?~; ~ieut.

Slaton was absent.. T,4e. personnel seems e:x;cellent

and effici~nt..

.,'

-. ft " :; ...

92

COMPANY A.

Captain O. Palmour, Commanding. This company was found in generally ati factory
condition, it gradinO" howing a gain for the year of 2.23 per cent. There ha been improvement in care of property, though los 'es are still too large; records are omewhat neglected; intere t in Target FirinO', while above the average, can be improved. Though lightly below the average efficiency of the State, this company is a fairly efficient one and improving
lowly. OMPANY B.

aptain H. J. Weaver, Commanding.

In view of the recent promotion of the present

Captain and consequent changes in the company,

thi organization wa found in very satisfactOl"y

condition at the Inspection; its gain in grading for

the year was' 5.08 per cent., which is excellent, the

condition con idered. Property los e were too

large and intere t in Target Firing too mall; aver-

a~e enli ted strength for 1911 wa al 0 too mall.

Although at pre ent below the State average in effi-

ciency, the compan~v i a good one and will probably

improve con iderably in future.

'

COMPANY C.
aptain A. W. Candler, ommanding. In very excellent condition, standing 5th among the infantry companieS' of the State in grading with 89.93 per cent., a O'ain of 4.23 per cent. for the year. Thi is further notable a the Captain was 0 recent-
ot ly promoted, while u ually a change of captains
pring on temporary di organization and los efficiency.
COMPANY D.
Captain W. J. Stoddard, Commanding.
, Thi company.,wa found in excellent condition throughout, tanding 6th in .grading among the in-

93

fantry companie of the tate with 83.77 per cent., ao-ain of 3.59 per cent, which i excellent.
REMARKS OF THE BATTALION.
Thi Battalion leads the battalions of the State for the year in its grading, having 84.16 per cent., a gain of 4.18 per cent. for the year; this i excellent, e pecially when it high previou record is considered.
SECO D BATTALIO .
HEADQ ARTERS, TLANTA.
Major W. C. Hendrix, Commanding. 1st Lieut. and A~jutant, Vacancy. 2nd Lieut. R. V. Anderson, Supply Officer. The above named officers were present and fully
and properly equipped at Inspeotion. There was a vacancy as Battalion Sergeant Major. The personnel 'eems excellent and efficient.
COMPANY E.
Captain W. H. Leahy, ommanding. The captain being ab ent, thi company wa com-
manded at the In pection by the 1 t Lieut. who, unfortunately, became much flu bated, permitting neither the company nor him elf to do ju tice to the occasion. This company wa authorized ov. 21, ]911, and mustered into ervice Nov. 29. The progre s made is considered a exceHent, and it is believed that this organization hould rapidly become an efficient one.
COMPANY F.
Captain H. Jones, Commanding. This company was authorized ov. 27th, and
mustered into service Dec. 19th, 1911. The progress made by all concerned ha been excellent and highly creditable to all. Especially notable was' the excellent Drill and Test in Guard Duty. Thi hould develop into one of the best companies in the State
94

if interest is sustained, as the per onnel seems exceptionally high and capable.
OMPANY G.
Captain E. R. S. Schmidt, Commanding. This company was authorized Dec. 2nd, and mu '-
tered into ervice on Dec. 22nd, 1911. The progress made is excellent and most creditable to all eoncerned. Both Drill and Guard te t were excellent; record were not quite correct. It i believed that this will oon develop into a thoroughl efficient and reliable company.
COMPANY H.
Captain J. W. Quillian, O'mmandin<Y. Thi compan r wa authorized Dec. 19th, and
mu tered into service on Dec. 30th, 1911. The progre' made, a shown at In pection, ha been excellent and mo t creditable to all concerned. Especially creditable were the Drill and Guard Test following the in, peetion. It i believed that this win rapidly develoI into an efficient and valuable company.
RJ~MARKS OK THE BATTALION.
A noted above, all companie were organized late in the year, and were assigned to the 5th Infantry upon tran fer of other companies of similar designations from the regiment to the (then organized) 3rd Battalion of Infantry and one company to the una signed list. The property issued to these companies was not received by them until long after Jan. 1, 1912, was entirely new when seen at the In spection, and was in excellent condition accordingly. In order that the progress made might be made evident, it was deemed desirable to grade these companies as far as practicable and purely from what could be een at Inspection; but it was' not deemed just to compare the gradings made lmder such timited condition with tho e made by organizations having a whole year' work on which to be graded.
95

For thi rea on thi Battalion is not included among those graded, nor are the gradings of these companies, (nor o. I, 5-th Infantry), included in the grading of the 5th Infantry as a whole.
THIRD BATTALIO .
HEADQUARTERS, ATLANTA.
Major W. J. Preston, Commanding. 1st Lieutenant A. Morgan, Adjutant. 2nd Lieut. S. P. ronbeim, Supply Officer. The e officer, and the Battalion Sergeant Major,
were all pre ent at In pection fully and properly equipped. The per onnel eemed excellent and generally efficient.
COMPA Y 1.
Captain T. Toepel, Commanding. This company wa authorized on Dec. 1, and mu -
tered into service on Dec. 30th, 1911. The progress made, a 'bown at the Inspection, wa highly creditable to all concerned. The per onnel eemed generally excellent except tha.t some of the men poke the Engli h language quite brokenly while a few seemed to carcely peak it at all. Thi i a defect which should be corrected a oon a pos ible, and not be again cO'lllmitted. In other re pect the company i wholly. ati factory, and hould develop into an efficient and reliable one. The remarks a~ to grading of os. E, F, G, & H, 5th Infantry, apply to thi company equally.
COMPANY K.
Captain . A. toke ommanding. Except that, probably due to flustration' of the
men, the Drill and Guard Te t at the In pection were not up to standard, thi company wa found in excellent condition, howing a slight gain in O"rading in spite of the results above noted. The average enlisted trength for 1911 wa entirely too small, and
96

intere t in Target Firing wa light al o. It is believed that, while now con iderabl~ below the ta t averaO' there will be future impro\ ement and that even now it is wholly reliable and of ufficient effiiency to be valuable to the tate.

COMPANY L.

aptain L. D. White ommanding.

,

Except that its proper-ty 10 e are still too laro'e

this company wa found in excellent condition,

though the averaO'e nli ted strength wa too mall

for ] 91 ] whi 11 i not ex eptional in thi regi-

ment. Especially wa the Target Firing, the Figure

of Merit beinO' 102.96, tbe 7th in the State. The gain

in grading for the year wa. 4.05 per cent., which i

xcellent this company stand 9th among the i 0-

fnntry companie for the year, which i mo t r dit-

Ci blc to all concerned.

COMPANY f-

al tain T. A. Kemp CO'IDmanding. 'I'bi compan was found in its u ually excellent >ondition and tand th among the infantry companie ' in grading for the year' it O'ain was light (1.44 per cent. only), but any gain is creditable to :m orO"anization already 0 high in gradinO' a wa thi one. The Machine Gun'" and its equipment weI' in excellent condition and a detachment trained in 11 ing the gun efficiently wa reported as being kerJt fill d (these drills beinO" extra for the men oncrned) .

REMARKS ON THE BATTALION.

For reason given in remarking upon the 2nd Battalion of this regiment Co. I has not been included in the grading of this Battalion, leaving its' grading to be based on tbat of 3 companies only. As so graded it is 3rd amonO" the battalions of the State, and its general average i about 1.00 per cent. above that of the State at large, howing a gain of 4.21 per ent. for the year.

* tate property, Cal. 45 Gatling, on carriage.

97

REMARKS Or THE REGIMENT.

Thi Regiment is now wholly tationed at Atlanta, and quartered in the uditorium-Armory. As this building was originally de igned for only 7 com-

panie (beside Headquarter, Band, Hospital

orp , &c.) it ha been nece' ary to crowd the new

organizations into uch pace as could be rendered
available until completion 0. the new quarters being

provided.

a re ult of this condition of affair

and of the u e of the Auditorium for Grand Opera during the In pe tion of thi, reO'iment, the In pec-

tion took place under marked di advantaO'e to all

concerned. In fact, tb condition of affair made vident at this In pection renders it doubtful whether the non-military use of the building does not interf re too O'reatly with it use a an Armory for tbi buildino' to be con idered uitable a an Armory

from the . . Point of view. Whatever may be tbe deci ion on thi I oint, the In pector i of the definite

opinion that no In pection sbould be made in future of companie quartered in thi building during it

1I. for Grand Opera or . imilar purpo es.

It al 0 became apparent durinO' the In pection that other' than tho e bonded and accountable for

property eem to have access to it, and that, from . orne cau e or other, it i impossible for the In pector to be ure that tbe propert being in pected in an (,l'O'anization really belong to that orO'anization and has not been "borrowed" to cover hortaO'es. It i almo t needle s to add that, under the e condition,

:my In pection of property not ab olutely identified

by AI' enal numb I' or ten il mark. i a farce and wa. te of energy.

For rea OTIS already cited previou ly in this report, it i onsid red impracticable to cite any compari on, between regim nt.' a to grading. In O'en-

eral, however it may be noted that, for the 7 com-

panie included the averaO'e for thi ReO'iment i

higher than for the whole State under each heading'

98

except Record, and Guard Duty, and but very

plei~o'hctelynt baebloowve

in these' the general average that of the State, and a gain

i of

2.3'2 3.00

per cent. for the year which is very creditable

indeed.

OMPANY G, UNASSIGNED, OEDARTOWN.

aptain W. H. Trawick, Oommanding. 'Ihis company wa not In pected, and as a con quence it is not graded in the tabulation in Appendix A. Application for dis'bandment wa made prior to da te of the po tponed In pection, and, a thi wa approved, no In pection was con idered nece ary or de irable.
IN 00 OLUSION.

i invariably the ca e, the In pector wa treated mo t courteously and con ideratel by both officer and men without exception, and all po sibl effort wa made by them to facilitate the In pection, and to liO'bten, 0 far a they could, the arduou and uuplea ant feature of the ta k of the In pector.
The Insp ctor therefore take great plea ure in extendinO'to all hi thank' for their many kindne e and courte i congratulation on the marked improvement hown 0 generally a a re ult of their gr at intere t and commendable energy, and be t wi he for till further ucce of their 'elf- acrificinO' labor.
F. L. P ALMIDR, :Major and In pector General, . G. Ga.

99

APPENDIX A.
TABULATED REPORT OF ANNUAL INSPECTIO

N. G., GA., 1912.
8lOce 1911 Inspec-
tion.

rganization.

C. A. C.

Average

_

Average

_

100

2. 5 _

3.63 _ 3.M _

6.39 _ 3.64 _

7.13 _ .99 _

7.05 _

75. 7 2 6.42 _

75.79 29 21.20_
75.29 30 1.40 _

63.73 34

.75

6. 6 0.91- 15.12 _

rg3nizutiou.

. G., GA., 1912.

.; Inr.

.\ \"crnge

_

Gen .-h. 1912 _ ., 1911. __

12 7.5L _

15 .73 _

24

.07

25 5.35 _

3.39 _

5 4.23 _ 6 3.59 _
1.44 .
4.05 _ 2.23 _ 5. _. __
.37 _

EFFICIE CY OF BATTALIO FROM THAT OF THE COMPANlE ONLY.

I. 1st Battalion

5th Inf<tntr.\

2. 2nd Battalion

1 t Infamry

3. 3rd B:lttalion

5th Infantry

4. It Battalion

2nd Ingfantry

5. 2nd uadron of avalry

6. Battalion of oast Artillcry

7. 4th Battalion of Infantry

. 1st Battalion

1st Infantr)'

9. 2ad Battalion

2nd Infantry

lll. 3rd Battalion of Infantry

11. 3rd Battalion

2nd Infantry

Companies A, B, C and D Companiea G, K, L and M Companies K, Land M Companies A, B, C and F
Troops B, F, K, L and A (1st Co,'.) Companies A, B, C and D Companies C, E, F and L Companies C, E, H and I Companies E, G, Land M Companies E, F, H and I Companies D, H, I and K

114.16 3.11
1.9 1.71 1.15
SO.93 SO.09 SO.07 79.16
77.95 -6.41

*TheEe companies were mustered into service only between Xov. 20 and Dec. 31, 1911, and had practically no work for 1911 on which to grade them. The grading noted is for the
Inspection work and for 1912 records, c. As it would bc obviously unfair to compare them with companies in sen-ice throughout the year 1911, the gradiag of these companies is not inclndcd in that of the 5th Infantry, nor in the general grading for the year.
tCompanies A, B and D of the 1st Infantry, and o. G, 3rd Battalion of Infantry wcre not graded at the Inspection, they having requested disbandment previous thereto. They are th refore entirely omitted from this tabulation.
On account of the ehanges noted above, and the organization of the 3rd Battalioa of Infantry by transfer from the 5th Infantry to make room for the newly organized companies.
the grading of the various Battalions is noted according to their pre.;ent organization, and regardless of their assignment during the year 1911.
;\. B. while the exact Figure of ~Ierit made by each organization in Target Firing is given the proper column for the information of all concerned, in the actual grading (and in all com-
putations ba.ed tb reon) 100.00 is the maximum number of points, and is given to each organization making a Figure of Merit of 100.00 or more.

101

rganizntion.

APPE DIX B.
TABULATED REPORT ON PERSO EL.

I For tbe fnspection.

Cbnnge During Yenr 1911.

------ -i~-'--------.-

- I

E'"

."..:
..,

"'iii
0

oi
o'S"

..:
..".,

"aWjI5~;~E'5:~~"~~~,!,S:~E"

---
Gen. 'taf

-
L

-

-

_

--
Apr

---
32

-

-

-

-

1

-

-

-_-__

-113-

1 - - -2 - - -2 - -_

SBtraifgf. DHe. pQts------ -__- AApprr 9 ~

_

1

___ 1 II __ .



1

1

10

Totals

12

:--t-+-t"2Tt5=1=~13=

~fe~eaJr?:rffQ Feb 15 1

nn sg d

._ 1

--+--r--'-+-~------

1 _.-_-_1_.-_-_ 1



1 __ ._

1

2

2





2_

1I. ., C. A. C

Feb 23 1 2

._ 3 __ 1 1 4

11 3

.. F. A . Bat. A Feb 23 __



21 2

12_

..

B __ Apr 10 1 1

21

1

2



12

2nd a" __ Apr 10 1 3 __

4, ,1 1 4



,I 4

1st InC __ Feb 23 4 ij _ _ -1 14

3 12 3 2 2 6 4

2nu InL _ .\1<'b 2 3 9 1 I H

3 -I 1

4tb InL_ Apr 20 1

I 21

1

4

10 4 12

I



11

I: 5tb InL. Apr 10 4 10

14

-1 9 110

4 II

- - - ------------j--,--t-+----t---------

Totals __



17 31 2 6 :>6 : 1-~-li1: :: 3 1: -~-N2: :~

..A. C., R CO.

QA _-_-_-_-
B ____ C ____ D ____

1

Jan Jan Jnn
Jan
Jan

31 5 29 2 33 26 2 25 3

13 32
42 47
46

___ 4 1

6

2

2

6 1_._ 3

_-1-/-_-1.2-___1_ 3

39 2 22 ___ 39

35 2 24 1 2

49

32

42

31 ___ 22

22

3 22 3 31 3 39
3 _31

Totals __________________ 15 1 0

5

25 -I 14 ~~~~~

.. ___ I --- F. A.

BatL'y A__ ..
B. ___

Feb Feb

-I -I

~ ~? ~~

2 4 2 34 ___ 33 4 49

5 5 51 ___ ~~ 70. 2 ~.:..:..:.~~~

Totals __________ ----.--_ 9

2 SQ. Cn". 1I. Q

Tr.

B

..

F

K

L

(lSt CD".) A

Jan 1 4 Jan 22 3 Jan 16 3 Jan 19 3 Jan 17 2
Jan 23 3

99 ___ -1-6-1-2-1,-4-0 ....5--11---4--,0-.-__----9--1-10-

1

5

3 12

1 14

34

-I 41

3 3 46

13 __ 17 I 3 -12

36

9 4 2 , 2 56' 3 33 2 44 3 -15

39

4 -16 7

3 38

4

45 3 41

4

I 51 1

3 46 1 122 2 27 2 41

-14

~.:..:..:.~~..:::..:..:..:. 23 3 49

Totnls

1 202

26 246 10 5 17 236 6 139 5 157 21

- - - - ------------~-'-------------,---

Is~ Inf. I:l. Q

Feb 29 1-1 7 1

22

2 16

1 -I 2 4 15

Band

Meb '1. __ 19

2 21 3 , 20

5

17

o. A

.\leb 7 3 15

12 30 ,. __ 6 3 32 , 22

29 3 31

B

.\Ieb 6 2 16

12 30

14 2/57 .-__ 4

30 2 31

Meb 2 35

11 4 2

2 43 1 26 2 I 1 51

D==== Feb 12.

11 37 3S

10 1 47 1 1 1 25 1 40

E_ ___ Feb 16 3 37 ___ 2 42 ___ 9 2 52 2 1 1 29 3 41

F

.\Ieb 512721444 1612 - 3 72

357

G

Meb I 2 37,___ 4 43

5 2 51 , 14

26 2 39

11

Feb 27 3 58

1 62 10

2 52 2 29

30 3 51

L

Feb

K

Feb

L

Feb

M

Feb

-----~

To1als

,

19 3 39

2

20 2 3

2

21 3 39

5

26 2 40

3

~-
40 407 4 107

44

5 1 51 2 21

34 3 38

I 42 __ 3 32

24 I 19 2 37

47

7 3 45 . 2 22 3 24 2 43

45

92 1

49 1- -24 - -34 -2 -39

15

1 59711-1 244 13 31 42 523

102

APPENDIX B-Continued.

, TABULATED REPORT ON PERSON EL.

-------+--+-1 For tbe Inspection.

I Cbanges During Year 191!.
I -;--T-~-~

Organization.

I j t. -<
Dal~. 1 - 1 - - 1 - -

~I~ ~ ~ '';;

0

~

~

--1--------

I .~ ~ J~ ~i E J J 1~"'~"
'0
I
21 ' I l 2nd Inr. H. Q.... Mcb 2513

E " g g ~

~ 0

.:
:2

<O~O,._:O~o~o:2

"" '1""1-.-.-.1--22- =[7 f 4 '~? 151 ~

lit ;2 B:.nt=== ~f~~ ~~\T ~g '=== ~ ~r 1=== T ~g 'i' ~? "2' ~~ '2'

B .... Mob 18 3 56

59 J6.. 3 44 3 4~ 3 51 3 41

C ... Mob 21 2 32 '" 11 4;;. '1"'12 43

36

2 2 51

D . Feb 12 3 42 '" 4 49 .; '" 3 47

3J

26 3 52

E

Mob 22 2 53

F. Mob 20 2 57

6

6J 59

IJO3

... ".1

3 3

51 41

27 47

2 3 50 40 3 4

G

Mob 27 3 45

3 51 . 1 3 3 99 2 26 2 79 3 46

1-1 Apr 201 3 34

3 401... :11 3 52

26

27 3 51

IiL: ......

Feb Feb

14 13

2 3

42 '" 44

16
0

60 7 ...,3 52 '" 2 3

73 54

1

53 3

2

67 39

2 3

59 53

1.. .. Mob 29 1 3 ?-1. Mob 26 3

4487

'" I'"

4 .._.

54 51

10 5

'" '"

3 3

45 53

1

40 29

2

45 42

2 3

40 40

Totals.... _

p-jMn;j7'615 :4;; 587 11 58 691 197 16 52 ,686 12 ~78

I gG'I.!0' 3 B":~. Inr. Jl. Q

Apr

Co. E.... Apr

~l ~

-. I4 ~ 1'_'13 .. _. __ ....1

3

1 61 o . _. 3 5 I 36 J 42 3 52

..

F Apr 19 2 39 '" 1 42 1 .. 1 36 2 29 1 2 2 37

..

R

Apr 414 43 '" 14 60 15 12 3 1 33 '" 27 3 44

..

L

Apr 5 3 51 '" 7 61 13 , 3 56 '" 32 .. 30 3 58

1
Total.... _.......... _.14 191 '_' 23 22 3 1 ,12 J88 4 1130 2 127 14 191

1 Bat. In!' H. Q ... Mob 14 4 1

5 lC~11 I '.... J 1... _ 3 1

..

Co. C .... E_

Mcb 14 Mobil

3 3

47 ... 13 40

63 43

9 ... 3 2

59 ._. 45 __ . 45

46 1 35

50

3 3

59 31

F . Apr ' 3 42

45

3 47 2 41 2 38 3 50

L . Mob J3 3 37

41 '.__ 3 I 47 3 47 1 62 3 32

----1,...---

Totals

.

16 167 __ . 14 197 10 IJ 12 200 7 168 4 195 15 173

5tb,~nf. R. Q

Apr 2913 7 1

CBOa. nAd. __ . AApprr 1115 __2. 3196

'1 21 1 __ .13 5 5 ' 4 1 6 312 (j

1 20 1__ ' 2 - . 24 __ 11 --. H

21

9 47 2 __ 1 53 2 50 1 54 2 49

B . Apr 16 2136

46 5 __ . 3 49 __ . 40 1 31 2 5

&=== 1~~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ === ~ ~ ~~ '2" ~~ 'i' ~g ~ :~

~==== ~~~ gi i: I~~~ 1~ :~ "~'I=i=I'n~r ~il=== :i ~~======== ~~~~~~ ~~~ ~~::~g

~~

~~~~

i4~ '

.~_===
1==="==

==== ====

=== ===

~~~~

==='====:=== === =======

~~99

T ':(T _ _ _ ~, Apr 23 3 49 __ 8 60 7 ~ 52 1 30 __ . 31 I 3 51

Total
--
Grand Totals

1

.~43 508 I 3 84 638 58 13 27 342 13 610 13 302 31 650

1.

__ ..

__

.

-,~-'-_f__
229 237310 339

1 29-5- 12-9-51I4-1'-21_4+25-8L5,-68t_1.96-2-57l-1_89+0-'2.2,5~-6+ 57_-

4tb In!' Co. G
n 3rd Inf. Co. G __
3 Bat. Inf. (E. F, H &

.
.

I1

-'

3 2 I ~~ : 1

2 5 __ . _

3 42 45 45 4 3 55 __ 1 .

20 3 35

194-

__

Aggregate

. __ 229237313 381 2996,534148219'269868 196259 19682282692

-
bnIsUpne, ot1i9o1n2,

191 1. ----------

-
21118'211930

-
94

-210-01-1~!36,8J6-O1t

_

.--t
--- - -

--t
----

-I-
----

-+--+
---. -.-

-

'

.
1

-

+--
----_

11

103

APPENDIX B-Continued.
TAB LATED REPORT 0 PER 0 EL.

AGGUEGATES

At Inspection.

Gen. taff:

2 0ffJ~cr8 ____ enHsted I~cn

Brig. H. Q. 1

tali Dept. 9

1

Moo. Corps. 19

37

C.A.C.

15

15

Field Art.

9

115

Cavl'y

1

22

Infantry 169

21

242

2754

.Jall. I, 101:!.

2

1

10

19

41

17

136

9

110

1

21

152 21 7

22

2692

Changes during 1911.
Brig. Ge-n-.--=-L-:-ie-u-t.-C=o-"'I-.-Majors. Capt. l~t Lieu t.

Gain. 1

1

2

19

22

1.0 pe. 2

4

20

13

2nd Uem. 23 20

Totals.

Officer. Enlioted ~Ien.

1962

59

196

104

APPENDIX C.
RECORD OF LOST PROPERTY FOR YEAR 1911

I Ordcr of JIferit.

Amount. paid.

Clothing Allowance.

Due.

Used.

Organization.

1

$ ___ --

2

-----

I 3
4

-- :i3

5

-----

6

.31

7

1.10

1.55

9

2.21

10

2.2

11

2.72

12

.33

13

1.30

14

1.21

15

.23

16

. 13

17

.49

18

19

3.77

20

21

22

1.54

23

24

1. 6

25

5.67

26

2.07'

27

. SO

2

25.3

29

6.06

30

5.65

31

12.97

32

. 51

33

12.76

34

10.1

35

16.

36

35.15

37

3.12

38

13.16

39

.57

40

5.77

41

4.77

42

7.49

43

36.34

44

16.26

45

17.31

46

9.00

47

16.21

4

23.19

4

23.19

49

18.55

50

38.30

51

24.55

52

23. 9

53

26.9

54

~.33

55

26.

56

38.38

57

42.36

49.4

59

53.14

60

52.9

61

60.23

62

7.93

63

7.29

64

112.65

65

142.05

66

355.21

$ 7.41 3.13
1.00 44.71
1.00 17.67
---- 13.63
4.00 35. 7
1.00 50.46 13.71 58.
8.24 44.71
59.60 1.00
4 .17 3 .33 35.37
39.29 49.46 56.96 21.25
36.50 24.75
6.38 40.74
41.83 46.92 49.00 44.62
33.90 57.42
5.1 44.21 54.37 49.46
46.33 45.75
43.63 45.46 49.54 45.50 52. -
46.29 44.75
44.75 45. 3
~.29
49.50 48.16 46.50
U.09 41.00 40. 37.58 45.41
50.67 44.25
52.54 37.29 52.54
62.21 48.13 56.21

$----
----- ---- ---1.11@
9@ .62
----.30 .73
3.37 2.90 5.55 7.09
-
9.39 l1.oo@ 7.26 11.93 12.35 16.20 1 .17 1 .19 15.00 1 .75 15.00
6.3 @ 20.75 22.00 13.41 29 .15 24.69 29.10 23.08
5.1 @ 37.70 30.05 35.68 40.10 42.55 43.63@ 16.33 39.22 44.00 52.' @ 46.29@ 43.80 43.80 45. 3@
U.~
47.00 4 .16@ 46.50@ U.09 41.oo@ 40.58@ 37.58@ 44.75 42.10 44.25@ 52.54@ 36.60 52.54@ 58.00 4 .13@ 31.19

*Q. M. lst Infantry.

*H. C., C. A. C.

*H. C., 4th Infantry.

*Co. B, 2nd Infantry.

*H. C., Battery B, F. A.

*Band, lat Infantry.

*Q. M., 3rd Batt .Infantry.

I*H. C., 2nd Infantry. *H. C., 2nd Cavalry. *Co. K, 1st Infantry. *Q. M., 2nd Cavalry.

*Co. I, 2nd Infantry.

*Q. M., C. A. C.

*Co. E, 3rd Batt. Infantry.

*H. C. 1st Infantry.

*Co. H , 1st Infantt}

*Co. G, 2nd Infantry.

*Q. M., 4th Batt. Infantt}'.

*Co. D, 5th Infantry.

*Co. B, C. A. C.

*Co. A, C. A. C.

*Co. L, 1st Infantry.

*Co. F, 4th Bat~. Infantry.

*Co. K, 2nd Infantry.

*Band, 5th Infantry.

*Co. A, 1st Infantry.

*Band, 2nd Infantry.

Q. M. 2nd Infantry.

*Co. B, l~t Infantry.

*Co. F, 3rd Batt. Infantry.

*Co. G, 1st Infantry.

*Co. C, C. A. C .

*Batt'y A, F. A.

*Co. D, C. A. C.

Co. T, 3rd Batt. Infantry.

Q. M., 5th Tnfantry.

*Co. M, 1.t Tnfantry.

*Batt'y B, F. A.

*Co. D, 2nd Infantry.

*Co. H, 3rd Batt. Tnfantry.

*Co. L, 4th Batt. Infantry.

*Tr. L, 2nd Cavalry.

Co. A, 5th Infantry.

Co. M, 5th Infantry.

I Co. 1\1, 2nd Infantry. *Co. A, 2nd Infantry. Co. I, 1st Infantry.

Co. L, 2nd Infantry.

Co. L, 2nd Infantry.

Co. E, 1st Infantry.

Co. K, 5th Infantry.

'fT. F, 2nd Cavalry.

Co. H, 2nd Infantry.

Co. C, 5th Infantry.

Co. F, 2nd Infantry.

Tr. K, 2nd Cavalry.

Tr. B, 2nd Cavalry.

Co. D, 1st Infantry.

Co. L, 5th Infantry.

Co. B, 5th Infantry.

Co. C, 1 t Infantry.

Co. E, 2nd Infantry.

Co. E, 4th Batt. Infantry.

Tr. A, 1st Cavalry.



Co. C, 4th Batt. Infantry.

Co. C, 2nd Infantry.

Co. F, 1st Infantry.

Totals. S15 5.31

2160.74

51624.61

No Property Settlement was made, at Inspection, with the Hospital Corps, 5th Infantry, the matter h..ving been referred to the Quartermaster General for his action, as was also done with Co. G, 3rd Batt. Infantry, which was not inspected.
Because of the fact that Companies E, F, G, H and I, 5th Infantry, were not mustered into service, until late in 1911 and their property waa not issued until after Dec. 31st, 1911, these companies were not required to make the Inspection Property Settlement, and hence do not appear in the tabulation above.
*Total shortage, paid for, less than 15.00; of these there are 41 organizations. @These 20 organizations were the only ones to exceed their Clothing Allowance in their
loaJea of clothing, etc.

105

APPENDIX No.4
REPORT
OF THE
ADJUTANT GENERAL
STATE OF GEORGIA
1911-1912
SUBJECT:
Camp Reports

SECOND I FANTRY CAMP, 1911.
Macon, Ga., January 8, 1912.
THE ADJUTANT GENERAL,
State of Georgia, Atlanta, Ga.
Sm: I have the honor to ubmit the following report of tour of duty of this Regiment in camp at Rose Dhu, near Savannah, July 8th to 15th, 1911, inclusive.
The Regiment went into camp in compliance with G-eneral Orders No.4 A. G. O. dated July 3, 1911.
The movement to camp was made in accordance with G. O. No.2, dated July 3,1911, from the Headquarters of this Regiment, and the Special Orders i ued thereunder.
Sub-divisions of the eommand arrived at Savannah Sunday morning, July 9th.
The Adjutant General was present and understands the difficulty that was experienced in transferring the command across the river from Montgomery to Rose Dhu.
The lalillch of the naval militia ran aground and the entire day was spent in crossing the river and making camp.
The camp site was bounded by water on two sides and the rifle range and the camp occupied all of the government property, leaving no room for drill, and of course none for maneuvers.
The only field exercises that could have been indulged in would have been practice marches along the shell road.
Upon inspection of the foot-gear of the men, it was found that they were not properly equipped for marching.
In trnction while in camp therefore, was limited
3

almost entirely to camp sanitation, guard duty, routine of administration, and rifle practice.
Even the rifle practice was interfered with on the second day by the temporarily unsafe condition of the pits, Captain Willingham and two enlisted men of Co. A being struck by flying splinters from the bullets glancing from the iron target frames.
Rifle practice was therefore stopped on that day until the fact could be communicated to the Adjutant General and measures taken to make the range safe. Immediately upon 'being informed of the condition, Colonel M. J. 0 'Leary, commanding 1st Infantry N. G. Ga. secured the county chaingang and put the range in safe condition and no further trouble was encountered.
Rifle practice however was again 'stopped on account of the severe rain on the last day, and two of the companies lost valuable time and instruction.
However, it is my opinion that the camp was of great benefit to the Regiment. Interest in rifle practice was awakened throughout the entire command.
Many men had never fired a shot before on account of the fact that there are no ranges at the home stations of nearly half of the companies of this Regiment.
During this camp every man was given an opportunity to fire his piece, though on account of their inexperience not many qualified as marksmen. They at least know how to set their ights and to load and aim their rifles.
The battalions did not march back to Savannah on account of the heat and the unfitness of the shoes of many of the men for such a march.
By chartering other boats the ferry across the river was managed with much more ease and celerity than on the movement to camp.
Camp was broken and the Regiment returned to home stations in accordance with the provisions of General Orders No. 6 of the Headquarter of this Regiment, dated July 14, 1911.
4

1,st Lieutenant Oliver F. Snyder, 17th Infantry, was with the Regiment to inspect and instruct it during encampment. Being an expert rifleman and much intere ted in the promotion of rifle practice. hi advice and assi tance wa particularly valuable upon thi encampment.
I wi h in thi official report to expre s the sense of obligation that this Regiment feels under to Colonel M. J. O'Leary of the 1 t Infantry, . G. Ga., for the invaluable a i tance which he rendered to the Regiment, for hi advice and for hi many act of courtesy and kindne during thi tour of duty.
He a i ted the officers of thi Regiment in every way po sible to make the encampment a ucce ,and it i impossible to estimate the value of the aid which he 0 freely gave.
Special mention hould be made of the work of Major . H. Willi, urgeon, and the i tant urgeon, Lieutenant T. H. Hall. The anitation of the camp was excellent, and there wa practically no sicknes whatever during thi tour of duty.
While the Adjutant, Captain Drake, was new in office, he wa energetic, indu triou , and untiring working practically from daylight to midnight, and I think it but ju t that I hould tate that he performed hi duty well.
aptain Mason, A istant In pector of Small Arms Practice, was of cour e busy during the whole tour of duty.
In addition to the duties of hi own office, he performed the dutie of Quarterm'a tel'.
Ri work upon the rifle range was excellent, and he ucceeded in communicating much of his enthusia m throughout the command.
Although this camp was held dose enough to a ]arO'e city to ubject the men to all the temptation of uch proximity, the di cipline wa excellent and there were very few in tance of mi behavior deservinO' puni broent.
5

The Regiment bad its full quota of compame , Band and Hospital Corp .
The rule that no man bould be taken unless be bad tbree montb ervice was adhered to except in the ca e of tbe Band, and all tbe companie carried over thirty-five men.
A field return has been previou ly ubmitted. Very re p ctfully, WALTER A. HARRIS, Colonel 2nd Inf., N. G. Ga., COm.'manding the Regiment.
MEMORAN DUM ON FIELD INSPECTIO OF 2D REGIMENT
OF INFANTRY, ORGANIZED MILITIA OF GEORGIA,
IN CAMP AT RoSE DHU, EAR SAVANNAH, JULY, 1911, By U. S. I SPECTOR.
1. Many companies were reduced by absentee below tbe number required for efficient work.
2. The comments of the Inspector on per onnel are referred to the Adjutant General.
3. Uniform and Quarterma tel" equipment. (a) Hat, .deficient. (b) hoe, un uited for Field ervice. ee Memo. on 4th Battalion Infantry, for comments by this Division. (c) 'Ihe s'birts 'bould be uniform and hould conform to the nited tate tandard.
4. Tbe rifle, aIthouO'h erviceable need attention. a mentioned by the In tructor. Haver"ack and Canteen ,dirty. Thi reO'iment bould be upplied with intrenching tool , whicb form an e ential part of a soldier's equipment for field ervice.
5. 'anitation. Generally excellent, e pe ially metbod of dispo ing of garbage.
'Ihe me ing while perhap ati factory from tb point of view of thi camp j not adapted to field
See page 34.
6

condition, since the cooks are not enlisted. In sevral States negro cooks have been enlisted with satisfactory results, where it has been found impracti-
cable to obtain whites. This arrangement has no objectionable feature, as far as the Division of Militia Affairs is concerned.
6. Drill and In truction. ot well adapted to camp of In truction. While rifle practice is an important part of a oldier's training, it cannot in it elf, replace training in Field work, but should be given therewith.
Deficient jn Field In truction and all clas e of drill.
'l"'he Divi ion of Militia Affairs fails to approve of a program of instruction a given in this camp.
7. The favorable comment of the Instructor is noted with ati faction, on the excellent conduct and di cipline of officer and men.
Hi recommendation in re pect to (a) Suitable hoe , (b) are of the rifle, are de erving of careful attention. Increa. d instruction in guard duty, to the curtailment of other in truction, i not recom'mended.
FIFTH INF NTRY AMP, 1911.
TLANTA, GA., AuO". 1, 1911.
THE ADJ- TANT GENlm'AL,
tate of Georo'ia, tlanta, Ga.
m: I bave the bonor to report upon the tour of duty of tbi ommanc1 at t. imon I land, July ] 5th to 22nd, in accordance with G. O. No.5, A. G. 0., Jul: 7 ]911.
rl'h entire Reo'iment travelled, leaving tlanta in two e tion . over the outhem Railway. The fir t
ection left .rulv 15th, at 6 :30 P. M., under command
of fajor Pre ton Lieutenant Hal Morri on Train
7

Quarterma tel', and con j ted of ompanie . B, , D, K, Land M, all of tlanta together with the officer of the 2nd (Pre ton' ) and 3rd ( atron' ) Battalion. This section arrived at Brun wick about 5 A. M. and its baggaO'e was immediately transferred to the liO'hter and tb troop. C'anied to the Island.

The remainder of the Regiment left tJanta about 10 P. M. July 15th. Oompany E of Lindale wa brought to Atlanta by pecial train ervic of the ,Southern Railroad, arrivinO' at 7 :15 P. M. ompany G reached Atlanta at 12 :20 P. 1., July 15th, over the Seaboard. Oompany F arTived in Atlanta at 7 :35 P. M. over the W. & A. Oompanie H and I were to arrive over the Seaboard at 7 :45, but tlli, train did not arrive until about 9 :30, which cau ed the delay in leaving time of the econd section until about 10 0 'clock. Tbi ection reached Brun wick about 8 A. M. and immediately tran ferred baggage and proceeded to the Island.

Returning the second ection became the fir t ection and reached Atlanta about 6 A. M., July 23rd, the out of town organization going to their home stations on the first train on that date. The econd section, formerly the fir t section, reached Atlanta about 6 :30.

The movement goinO' wa planned by LieutenantOolonel Hall and returning by aptain a h, Q. nL Both movements were carried out under the dir tion of Oaptain Nash in an efficient manner.

The total number of officers and men pre, ent for duty on the first day wa a follow :

Officer

51

Jon-corns

119

Cooks

10

Mu ician Private

6 363

Total

549

8

The total absent was 7 officers and 191 enlisted men. Under Regimental order, no organization was allowed to carryover ten men who ],ad lceB than three months previous service, and each organization reported with the minimum of 35 men.
The camp was named Camp Barker in memory of Lieutenant-Colonel Walter W. Barker, deceased, formerly of this Command, and on the retired roll at the time of hi death.
SANITATION.
The general drainage and surface of the camp ite was good. The general execution of sanitary regulations was good, but not entirely satisfactory to the Commander.
Sinks were dug in each Battalion and also a garbage sink for each Battalion. A detail of one noncommissioned officer and two men in each Battalion wa provided to cover the e ink at least three times a day. In ome instances Companies gave away their garbage to negroes who called for it but thi facilitated rather than hindered the general soheme of sanitation.
The private clo et urrounding the camp were under the direct charge of a non-commis ioned officer of the Staff and tbree privates, and were thoroughly limed at least twice a day, to-wit, at 8 :15 . Land 2 :40 P. M. This part of the work wa faithfully done after the first day. This feature i very unde irable, and the State should provide other ground for a ~amp, in order to obviate thi trouble. The food was reported by the Sura-eon as being sufficient in kind, cleanly and well cooked.
The kitchens and water were provided by the citizen of Brunswick and St. Simons. The water supply wa ufficient and the kitchens were reasonabl o.
In thi connection, I desire to report that some of th ompanie are without ufficient stove pipes and
9

there wa danger of burning the kitchen until tile trouble wa rectified by private purchase.
fuALTH.
The health of the Command was good. In thi~ connection and in connection with sanitation .the 1:edical Department is regarded as very efficient.
There wa no erious ickness; one man was injured by an auto and was in the infirmary one night and day. Four men were put in quarter for from one to two days for slight illnesses. inety-one men an wered ick call for unburn and other minor complaint incident to a change of locality and beinO' near the water.
The Surgeon of this Command recommends a garbage incinerator and the recommendation is con-
cUlTed in a being very e ential to a proper ms-
po ition of garbage under all the circumstance. It i not regarded that a patented article i neces ary, but the ommander should be allowed di cretion in matter of expen e of incinerating refu e from the kitchen.
III

INSTRUCTIONS.

The following general scheme of instruction was adhered to and carried out:

First Period.

Second Period.

{onday : Company and Bat- Company and battalion extend-

talionclose order.

ed order.

Tuesday: Setting up exercises, bayonet and rifle drill. School for all officers by Battalion on General Orders for sentinels.

Wednesday: Riot duty instruc-

tion.

.

School for officers by

Battalion on duties of

a Private of the

Guard.

'Thursday: Second Battalion close and extended Qrder for Squad, Company and Battalion under supervision of Capt. Mitchell- U. S. Army, and at his sug!reStion. Fir t and Third Battalion, etMO' up exerci es, bayonet and rifle drill. chool for officers in B~ttalion on corporal and sergean t of the Guard.

Friday: Third Battalion. quad, Company and
Battalion ext end e d order under supervision Capt. Mitchell U. S. Army and at his snggestion. Fil"!!t and econd Battalion, Guard duty and advauce guard.

Close and extended order.
Guard duty.
Guard duty.
Third Battalion. Guard duty and advance guard.
First Battalion-Squad, Company and Battalion extended Order under Capt. Mitchell, U. S. Army.

11

Demon tration and lecture on first aid b~T ReO"jmental Surgeon, School for officer by Battalion' on officer of guard, officer of day and CommandingOfficer. Non-commissioned officer chool in 1st (Hunter's) Battalion, under Sergeant Le tel', 1 t U. S. Infantry.
The instructions of the Adjutant General were that this tour should be devoted to Guard Duty and Target Practice. My written reque t for blank ammunition for field instruction in attacks, defence, advance and rear guard, patrollinO" and other work including a problem, wa refu ed on thi account.
Practice for musician was held each day underthe Chief Mu ician of iihe Band.
One period was devoted to -riot duty in truction, in order that all of the officer might be brought to a con ideration of the proper manner in which thi important branch of our ervice should be conducted. In this connection the drill of the bayonet and the butt of the gun was O"iven attention, a it !Was thouO"ht that it might be u eful in connection with this duty.
As thi camp wa laTgely for the purposes of in truction in guard duty, a very large guard was mounted each day, together with two officers of the Guard, one of whom would be for the purpose of" in truction solely. The guard each day numbering 56. In truction wa given regularly to the Guard' by an additional officer of the Guard and by Sergeant Lester, and supplemented somewhat by the Officer of the Day.
Dress parade wa held each day that the weatherpermitted, and very largely attended.
CAMP CALLs.
The following i a lit of the call ob erved throughout the camp:
12

ST. SIMON'S, GA., Camp Barker, July 16th, 1911.

General Order o. 13.

Reveille: First call

5 :00 A. M.

Drill: March

5 :05

A embly

5 :15

offee

5:20

Drill:

First call s embly
djt . call in Battalions Recall Mess
Sick and Fatigue

5 :30 5 :35
5 :40 7:00 7:10
7 :30

Drill: Fir t call

8 :00

As embly in Battalions

8 :05

Recall

9:30

Guard Mount: seIllbly
Adjutant' call
Officer' call:

10:00 10:20
10 :15
10:45

Fir t ergeant's call: Mes:

11 :30 12:15P.M.

Parade: Fir t call Assembly Adjutant' call
Retreat. Band concert (after retreat). Me
Tattoo
Call to Quarters
Taps:

5 :30 5 :40 5:50
6:40 10:00 10:45 11:00

By order Col. POIlleroy: F. M. COCHRAN,
Capt. COIlldg. Co. D. .A!ctg. Adjutant.
13

DISCIPLINE.
The general discipline of the camp was good and better than previous camps.
Seventeen men were confined in the guard tent for varying periods for minor offences, such as fighting, attempt to pass lines without pass, throwing garbage on the ground, not saluting colors, and two for drunkenness.
Three non-commissioned offieers were reduced to ranks for reasons satisfactory to the Commander.
The courtesies due the colors and superiors appeared to be an improvement over previous camps.
TARGET PRACTICE.
A range for two targets at 200, 300 and 500 yards was constructed under direction of LieutenantColonel Hall, acting under orders from your office. The general urrounding of the range were fait and a great improvement over the range of two years ago. It is believed that a range can be con strueted that will be satisfactory.
Target practice was conducted under the direction of Captain Spratt, A. 1. S. A. P. Companies F, G and I had all of their men present on the range, with a respective figure of merit of 17, 20 and 20. A few members of the Field and Staff fired. The rain interfered with the target work of Company H. The other organization have target facilities at home tations.
SUBSISTENCE.
Commutation of subsistence was allowed at the rate of 40 cents a day for the travel ration and 25 cents a day.in camp. The total amount drawn was $1,140.25.. Supplies were purchased by each Company. This method i not approved by the Commander of this Regiment. An effort is now being made to ascertain the exact co t to each organization of ub i ten on thi tour. ( ee page 18).
14

Private Fred R. Garner, of ompany D, on the night of July 17th, wa drowned while out bathing in the surf. At reveille July 18th when his absence was discovered, under circumstances to warrant the belief that he was not wilfully absent, the Commanders, Captain Cochran and Lieutenant Parker, con ulted various residents of the Island and those experienced with the surf, to ascertain what assistance could be rendered and what could be expected. In accordance, Company D patrolled the beach for about five miles from then until the body was found, at about 4 :30 P. M. Field glasses were used, and the commanders of boats, and other seafaring men, were put on notice. The body was washed up near the pier during a heavy thunder storm and upon the arrival of oR boat, First Sergeant Burpitt of Company L, with others, rendered distinguished service in recovering the body from the surf. General Order
o. 17 wa publi hed at parade the day following. The military and personal effects of Private Garner were taken in charge by his Commander, Lieutenant Parker, in accordance with regulations. A bill of $55.00 for services of undertaker at Brun wick was incurred, and payment of an amount of $75.00 from the proper funds is requested. The body, immediately upon recovery, was placed upon a boat and sent to Brunswick, with proper escort, and returned to Atlanta, where the funeral was held. Other funeral expenses were $117.00. It is believed that an exercise of reasonable discretion upon the part of Company Commanders in enlisting not exceeding ten men to take to the off year camp will result in good to the organization. This camp is one of the greatest indueements t() young men to enlist and, properly <safeguarded, will result in good to the Command. About the first of next year it is my purpose to make a study, from each organization, as to the permanent worth or value of these men to the organization in which they enlisted.
15

Captain A. Mit hell, of the 5th Infty., and Lieut. 'Vm. St. J. Jervey, U. S. A., unassigned, were present as inspectors and instructors and rendered very valuable assistance and aid. These officers were anxious to assist, and their presence, officially and personally, was very much appreciated by the entire command.
Major Frank A. Dunn, 1st Infty., N. G. Ga., was present during much of the tour, and rendered much appreciated assistance. Major M. J. Daniel, Brigade 'Staff, Paymaster.
Lieut. J. P. Twomey, 1st Iufty., N. G. Ga., and Lieut. Burden, 2nd Infty., N. G. Ga., were present on detail with the Regiment, and rendered satisfactory service.
The Headquarters of the Regiment was represented by a complete complement, with the exception of one medical officer. For the first time, the Lieutenant-Colonel was present throughout the entire tour and rendered efficient service, as did the entire Regimental Staff.
It is believed by the entire command that the tour of duty has increased interest and was of benefit from a military standpoint.
The command is indebted to Colonel Frank D. Aiken, Mr. J. B. Wright and others, of Brunswick, for assistance in providing for the camp site and its equipment, and for courtesies. The entire sentiment of the people in that neighborhood seems friendly to the Guard.
It is believed that one of the greatest needs of this command is more thorough instruction of the officers, and more attention will be given to this -essential and important detail in the future. The enlisted strength can advance no further than their 'Officers can lead them. The men are willing and .capa:ble; the officers must make themselves efficient.
It is believed that one of the greatest needs of the 'Guard is a permanent camp site for the off years,
(()T at least the adoption of a permanent policy in
16

'Connection with instruction for the years between joint manoeuvers. I have heretofore recommended the appointment of a Board to outline this policy and, if decided upon, to select a camp site and provide for its equipment. This recommendation and request is most earnestly renewed.
Respectfully,
EDGAR E. POMEROY,
Colonel Commanding.
INCLO URE. ATLANTA, GA., Oct. 24, '11.
THE ADJUTANT GENERAL OF GEORGIA,
Atlanta, Ga. SIR: I have the honor to enclose, herewith, consolidated statement of expenses of thi Regiment for the camp at St. Simon's, Ga., July 15-22nd, 1911, and to request that it be attached to IDlY report previously sent to your office.
Respectfully,
E. E. POMEROY,
Comdg. 5th. Inf., . G. Ga.
17

.

MESS EXPENSES AT CAMP BARKER-1911-FIFTH INFANTRY N. G. OF nEORGIA.

-

-

CommuLa--

No.

tion subsis-

Total

I Cooks

Food

From State

Cost per Mlln per

Men

tence

Expense

for

Day for

I

Cooks

Food

A____________________ B ____________________ C ____________________

39 40

J) ___________________

E ____________________

F ____________________

G ____________________

.....
00

II ___________________ I ____________________ lC ___________________

L____________________

M ___________________

II. C. _______________ Band ________________

35 36 57 38 37 43 47 32
38 37 7 14

$89.70 92.00 80.50 75.90 131.10 83.70 84.40 98.90 108.10 73,60 87.40 80.35 16.10 32.20

$140.00 198.00 120.00
103.00 158.01
138.50 184.30
116.75 162.80
144.76
208.66 151. 56
36.12 64.33

$26.00 I
30.00 16.00 14.00 I None 21.55 31.00 23.05 29.00 27.50 30.00 20.00 14.00 16.00

$114.00 168.00 104.00 89.00 158.01 116.95 153.30 93.70 133.80 117.26 178.66 131. 56 22.12 48.33

~8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00

$ .30 .52 .37 .30 .34 .37 .51 .27 .35 .45 .58 .44
.39
.43

500
Organization
" "

$1,132.95

$1,912.79

$298.10

$1,614.69

$- - .-.-- :$

--

--

IIighest amount per caoita per day

Lowest

"

,,(c

"

58 Cents 27 CenLs

Average " " "

"

40 Cents

The State allowed Commutation of subsistence from Government Fund under Section 1661 R. S. @ 25 cenLS for field, bei:n~ 6 days, and 40 ee~ts f?r travel ration, being 2 days,

- lEMORANDUM ON FIELD I SPECTION OF 5TH I FANTRY,
ORGANIZED MiLITIA OF GEORGIA, IN CAMP AT
ST. SIMON'S ISLAND, JULY, 1911, By
U. S. INSPECTOR.
1. The attendance at drills and other camp exer'ci e was excellent, but many companies were too weak in camp for efficient instruction.
2. The Instructor's comments on personnel are referred to the Adjutant General for his informaiion and their complimentary nature is favorably remarked.
3. Uniforms and Quartermaster's equipment. (a) Deficient in shoes. See Memo. on 2d Infantry and Separate Battalion.'"'
4. General condition of ordnance property noted -as serviceable, but rifles not properly cared for. 'Some tentage, old.
5. Sanitation noted by Instructor as excellent. 'The style of sink used is considered less satisfactory "than to line the trenoh endosed in a fly proof box, and burned out twice daily. The garbage hould be burned.
Cook should be enlisted to comply with Par. 236, Militia Regulations, 1910. Enlisted cooks are esseniial for Field service.
6. The close order drill was good, but the Field J.ll truction was deficient. While target practice is one of the e sential parts of a soldier's training, it i not in it elf of such primary importance as to preclude all other forms of Instruction. Guard -duty, while of value for purposes of discipline, is not considered essential for the Organized Militia, only .as far as it safeguards property.
Officers' school in Guard duty in camp are not adapted to the conditions; tactical work is of far more importance.
.. .See page 3...
19

The practical suggestions of the Instructor are approved, in respect to-
(a) Officers instruction. (b) Work preliminary to camp. (c) Instruction in Field work.
4TH BATTALIO ,INFANTRY CAMP, 1911.
COLUMBUS, GA., Sept. 18, 1911.
To THE ADJUTANT GENERAL,
State of Georgia,
Atlanta, Ga.
Sm: With reference to the annual encampment of this battalion at St. Simon's Island, Ga., July 22nd to 29th, 1911, I have the honor to report a follows:
In compliance with par. 4, . O. No. 147, July 17th, your office, and G. O. o. 4, your office, c. s., companies of this battalion entrained at home stations July 22nd and during the early hours of July 23rd, arriving at Brunswick, Ga., about 6 :40 A. M., July 23rd, 1911. Company "F" of the battalion did not arrive until over an hour later. The unloading of baggage from baggage cars and loading on boa t wa completed within 40 minutes from the time that wagons were available for that purpose, they not arriving until after 7 A. M. owing to the fact that train bearing troops from Columbus, Americus and Albany had arrived before schedule time. The command arrived at St. Simon's Island about 10 :20 A. M., unloading was immediately begun and again accomplished in record time, the first company reporting tents up and fires in the range at 12 :20
P. M., which was accomplished by Company "c"
of the battalion.
20

The strength of the command reporting at the camp were as follows:

Hdrs.
Company "C" ompany "E" ompany "F"
Company "L"

Officer 4 Enl. 2 Officers 3 Enl. 44 Offi:cers 3 Enl. 39 Officer 2 Enl. 48 Officers 3 Enl. 48

Total

Officer 15 Enl. 181

Attached to the command, as per your orders wa also Capt. H. P. Adams, Med. Corps, N. G. Ga., not included in above figures. Of the total commissioned personnel of the battalion only one officer was absent owing to eriou. ickness in that officer' family.

INSTRUCTION.
I attach hereto copy of Order o. 1," issued immediately after arriving on camp site. The order had been prepared by me before arrival and was submitted to the ranking U. S. Officer, Oapt. Americus Mitchell, detailed as In tructor, for his approval
1
e pecially as to list of calls and division of available time for duty and instruction. A short re ume of the course of instruction is as follows:
Monday, TuesdOl!J and Thursday.
Company Drill, 7 :00 to 8:40 A. M. Guard Mount, 9 :10 A. M. Battalion Parade, 10 :10 A. M. Battalion Drill, 10 :30 to 11 :45 A. M. Officers School, 1 :10 to 3 :00 P. M. Recitations in Guard Manual, pars. 209, 276, 115
1
183, 200, 208, 42, 114 and orders for sentinels on Post, also short lectures by U. S. Instructors on Advance Guard, Attack, Patrols, Map Reading, etc., with situation given on map.
See page 28.
21



WedinesdQ,y and F1'iday.
ompany Drill, 7 :00 to 8:40 A. M. Guard Mount, 9 :10 A. 1:. Battalion Drill, 10 :10 to 11 :45 A. M. Officer's chool, 1 :10 to 3 :00 P. M.
Instruction by U. S. Instructors as on other day .
Battalion Parade and Retreat, 5 :30 P. M. Field Exereises, Friday only from 3 :00 to 5 :00 P.M.
Saturday.
Company In peetion, heavy marching order, 8 :00 A.M.
Muster and pay, 11 :00 A. M. trike amp, 3 :00 P. M.
Departure from Camp, 4 :00 P. M. During all formations for drill and ceremonies during the tour of encampment, instructions were given on the field by the U. S. Instructors. By the above it will be seen that all dutie with exception of Retreat and Battalion Parade and Retreat on Wednesday and Friday ceased as far as the enlisted men were concerned 'by 11 :45 A. M., which fact wa greatly appreciated by the men and tended greatly to facilitate the work of the officers by promoting a receptive spirit in the men and otherwi e proved to be a thoroughly reliable and succes ful plan. I also attach hereto copy of a memorandum issued concerning the Field Exercises held in the afternoon of Friday, July 28th. Purse amounting to $25.00 had been offered by the officers of the Battalion for thi purpose, and in order to timulate athletic competition among'the cornpanie .of the battalion with gratifying result, all companies, with exception of ompany "F" of the battalion, entering heartily into th~ spirit.
22


SANITATIO
'l'be sanitation of the camp was as good as could be expected under the circumstances. The camp site wa , from a anitary tandpoint, a very unfortunate one, but the be t that could be elected on 0 hort a notice. The kitchen were all screened but not situated according to Field and rSemce Regulations and too near the latrines. A camp, such a the one at
t. imon' I land, which i used during the remainder of the year a picnic ground and urrounded on all side by cottage, the inhabitants of which u e their back ard a common dumping ground for all trash, and are content with the mo t primitive anitary arrangements, especially with reference to rear ,i extremely hard to keep in proper and sanitary hape and to do so to the full atisfaction of any U. S. Officer i practically not within the pos ibility of any ational Guard troops. However, I con ider the effort made by all concerned praiseworthy. The camp and surroundinO' vicinity was inspected by the U. S. Inspector and m'Yself, accompanied by the Camp Surgeon and the Police Officer every morning and again by the Surgeon a.nd Police Officer after every meaL The health of the troops during our stay was very good, only cases of minor sickness occurring except one case of malaria fever, the patient suffering therefrom being sent to his home station. In this connection, I desire to comment favorably on the efforts made by the Camp
Surgeon, Capt. W. n. Travis, to accomplish the best
re ults in anitation as eould be accomplished under tho e adver e circumstances.
DISCIPLINE.
The discipline of the troops, as a whole, was very good. While beer was sold on the island, not a single case of drunkenness came to my knowledge and only one case of breach of discipline on the part of a non-commissioned officer of Company "F,"
23

who was promptly tried by summary court, reduced to the rank and fined the amount of two dollars.
RECOMMENDATIONS.
It is recommended that encampment be of longer duration than one week. If it is taken into consideration that fully two days or more of that time are lost in travel, making camp and breaking camp, it will be readily recognized that the remaining five days are not sufficient to exact such benefits from the encampment as are expected and hould be procured, con iderino- the amount of money spent for transportation alone. It is recommended that at least 10 days be allowed yearly for instruction, not including time spent on railroads. That length of time will enable the Commanding Officer of a regiment or battalion to accompli h more than to take the rouO'h edges off the officers and men as far af' dl'ill and discipline i concerned. The companies of thi battalion, for in tance are located in towns widely apart and the yearly encampment is the only opportunity we have to work together, to learn the rudiment of battalion drill, of the Attack Patrol , etc., in Battalion formation and to be taught Field work which the National Guard has practically no other time to learn than at these e.ncampment. But not only with respect to drill would prolonged encampment be of any benefit for di cipline, the foremost requirement of a oldier, al o. He alway will have new men attend encampments. They have very little opportunity to learn discipline in the armory. It is impo sible to demonstrate to officers and men alike, in such short period as four or five days, that strictness goe hand in hand with ju tice. It is the officer who can demonstrate thi to hi men who will be rewarded with the greate t amount of loyalty and who will be able to how the be t disciplined OIDmand.
24

It is also recommended that the State augment the ration money. allowed by the United States by at least 25 cents per day per man. It is impos ible for the average ational Guard officer to O'et any men to go to camp a a cook and do the cooking. We must, in times of peace, rely more or Ie s on the negro for that kind of work and the mismanaO'ement of ration a neO"ro is capable of is well known. But we al 0 have not the opportunity in buyinO" as the Company Commander of the Regular Army ha . We have no Commis ary Department at our di posal where we can buy provisions at practically the whole ale price for which the Commissary Department buys. On the contrary, we have to depend on the good will of merchants of the town nearest to the encampment to sell us what "We need at a reasonable price and, as a O"eneral rule, pay dearly for what we O"et. It is true that. orne companie have company funds out of which to defray this extra expen e, company fund which, in the majority of ca es, have been collected from the sale of jury exem~ption. But this doe not hold true in every ca e as in some localities the sale of a jury exemption is a rare a snow in July. I have a case of this kind in my battalion and know the dHlicultie that a I'ompany commander has to lmdergo in order to feed hi men decently. That three decent meals can be furnished out of twenty-five cents is, I hope acknowledged by all, impossi'ble. Twenty-five cents a day is about the amount of a Government straio-ht ration. I know of no U. S. Army organization which attempt to ub, i t its men on a . traiO"ht ration, except "When on tlle march or in the field ao-ain t the enemy. They have auxiliary funds which are used for the purpo e of aU!!1IlentinO" the ration and I fail to see llny rea on why a Commanding Officer of a N~tionaT Guard organization should augment the ration out of hi personal fund or out of the slender company fHud of which he i . 0 badly in Deed of during the I' mainder of the year and wbich . bould and could
25

be used for better purposes than to help to give his

men a decent meal while in the employ of this great

State of Georgia.

.

It is al 0 recommended that in addition to U. S.

Instructors, a sergeant from the U. S. Army be

detailed with each eompany to assist the Fir t Ser-

geant in his dutie. and to act as Instructor to the

comvany in general. The cost would be nomiI~al a

compared to the benefits derived.

.Again, I repeat the recommendation so often made

b~' me and other ational Guard officers that troops

he . upplied with the regulation hoes. No amount

of order by the Commanding Officer will insure the

wearin o' of proper shoe by the men when ordered

into an encampment. The shoe is more essential to

the welfare of the men and their comfort, than the

blou e. It i a part of the uniform and it should

be upplied by the State. Just as easily as uniforms

:in different ize are supplied now to our organiza-

tion , shoes could be supplied in the same manner.

Company Commanders are under bond and will see

that the e shoes are only issued to the men when

ordered into an encampment, for parades or other

du tie out ide the armory and that they are re-

turned at the end of the tour of duty, the same as

campaign hats are returned. If a company com-

mander fail in thi duty, the State has the same

recour e as it now ha in the matter of other parts

of uniforms which prove mis ing at the annual in-

. I ection. When shoe are worn out they should be

condemned by the In pector in the same manner as

other article are condemned and there seems to be

no rea on evident why they should not be made part

of our uniform. It is trongly recommended that

this recommend-ation be given early and favorable

con ideration.

It i the opinion of the undersigned and of every

olIker of the battalion who had the plea ure of par-

ticipating in the lat encampment that St. Simon'

I::,land i the ideal location for a permanent camp

26

for the State troops durinO" the off years. It afford

the opportunity of combining duty with plea ure, a

fa tor which we have to take into con ideration

when trying to get a maximum number of men to

attend the encampment. While the ite u ed thi

year i unsuitable for rea on stated above, other-

and very uitable -site could ea ily be procured. J

have no doubt that the people at Brun wick will do

everything in their power to a si t, financially and

otherwi e, in the accomplishment of this project.

The i land i healthy and its topography is such a.

to allow the practical working out of problem in

Field work. It ha arte ian water of the be t qual-

ity and in many other re pect will, with the ex-

penditure of a comparative small amount of money

make an ideal site for encampment. It i true

there i no site for a rano-e, but with the almo t daily

completion of large and mall range all over the

State thi fact should not enter into the que tion.

In conclu ion I desire to express my and my

offi er appreciation of the very valuable ervice

rendered by the

. In tructor, apt. Americu

Mitchell and Lieut. J ery y who had b n de-

tail d with thi command, a well as of the ervice

rendered by apt. H. P. Adam, Med. Corp, N. G.

Ga., who had been" attached to this command. The

tour of duty at St. 'imon' I land thi year proved

not onl. the mo t in tructive one the under irned

had the plea ure to participate in since hi onnec-

tion with the National Guard of thi State, but WHo

otherwi e mo t enjoyable for officer and men alike,

mainly due to the man courte ie extended to u

by the people of Brun wick e pecially oJ. F. D.

iken, an oc-ea ion which will long be remembered

by u and the recollection of which will, without

doubt, brino- forth plendid re ult in the number

of att nding any other and futur encampment at

t. imon' I land.

"' ery re pectfully,

H. ~IozEN

:Major 4th Battn. Inf. X. G. Ga., ComdO".

27

IX LOS RE.

CAMP OF INSTRUCTION,
4th Bn. Infty. N. G. Ga., St. Sim~:m's Island, Ga., July the 23rd, '11.

ORDERS: 'UIIlber 1.

1. 'This amp of in truction i named in honor of Major John C. oart, a former Commander of the Battalion.

2. The following li t of call will govern the move-

ment of the Camp:

-

1 t Call, Reveille

4 :45 M.

Reveille

5:00 .M.

Mess Call, Brealrfa t Sick all
Fatigue Call

5 :30 A. M. :00 . L
6 :10 A. M.

1 t Call for Drill, ompany Assembly

7 :00 . M. 7 :10 A. M.

Recall from Drill
1 t all for Gual'dmount As embly

8 :40 A. M.
9 :10 . M. 9 :20.N. M.

Adjutant' Call

9 :30 A. 1.

1 t Call for Parade, {onday, Tue day and Thul' day embl

10 :10 A. 1. 10:20 .M.

Adjutant' Call

10 :25 A. M.

Parade followed b~- Battalion Drill.

Recall

11 :45 A. M.

1 t Call Battalion Drill, Wednesday and Friday
1 t ergeant' all
~eurbly
Adjutant' Call Recall

10 :10 A. 1. 11 :55 . M. 10 :20 A. M.
10 :25 A. M. 11 :45 A. M.

l.fe all, Dinner Fatjo-ue all

12 :00 M. 12 :45 P. M.

28

Officers Call
1st Call for Retreat
Retreat, Monday, Tuesday and Thursday
1st Call for Parade, Wednesday and Friday
Assembly Adjutant's Call
Mess Call, Supper Tattoo
Call to Quarters Taps

1 :00 P.M. 5 :50 P.M.
6:00 P.M.
5 :30 P. M. 5 :40 P. M. 5 :45 P. M. 6 :30 P. M. 9 :00 P. M. 10 :45 P. M. 11:00 P. M.

3. 1st Lieut. J as. A. Fort, Co. "L," is appointed Police Officer of the Camp, and will report to the Commanding Officer for instructions.
4. Attention is directed to paragraph 4, A. R. and paragraphs 113, 114, 115, Georgia Military Regulations relative to Military courtesies. Strict observance of the same will be exacted of all concerned.
5. Morning ,reports and list of passes win be
brought to this office daily at 7 :00 A. M.
6. Sgt. C. S. Torbert, Co. " ," and 'Sgt. D. A. McIntosh, Co. "E," will act as Color Sgts. in addi-
tion to their other duties, and will report to the
Commanding Officer.

7. The followin o' named private of Co. "L,"
S. A. Burdge C. M. Bazeman J. W. Harris B. Kiker H. W. Rainey R. G. Burton Nelson Hawkes J. E. Johnson D. R. Fussell H. H. Williams
are detailed to Special Duty and will re-port to Musician H. C. Witt, o. "L," from 7 :00 A. M. to 8 :40 A. M. daily for instruction, and for duty in

29

connection with the ceremonie of Guardmount and Battalion Parade dail a ordered.
Musician L. E. Ogletree Co. "F," is designated Chief Trumpeter of thi ommand, and will conduct the practice of the Company Musician daily from 7 :00 A. M. to 8 :40 A. M.
8. Men carTied on ick report will remain in Company Quarters, and will not leave the Camp.
9. ot more than 15 per cent. of the men in each CDmpany will be allowed on pa s, and these men only from 12 :00 M. until Reveille the next mornino-, on days in which no evening Battalion Parade i held.
10. Company Officers will not leave Camp between Reveille and 12 :00 M., nor between Reveille and Evening Parade on days designated, without permi ion of the next Superior Officer.
11. A detail of one man will be made daily from the e Headquarter, who e duty it will be to police the entire amp once every hour until Retreat, observing all Company streets and kitchens, gathering all trash of every kind. Should he find any gro s violation of the sanitary regulations governing the Camp, he will make report of arne to the Poli e Officer, or in hi absence, to the Battalion Adjutant.
12. Attention i invited to the strictest Sanitary /precautions. All trash and soiled matter Ito be thrown on fires and thoroughly burned and the re idue of the same to be collected twice daily by om-
an pany Fatigue Detail, and removed from the Camp. The Fatigue Detail will cover excreta one hour after each meal with and and lime, in all ink of the Camp. All men are enjoined to cover their excreta with lime provided for that purpose.
13. Check Roll will be taken at Reveille and Retreat by the on-Commi sioned Offi-cer in charO'e of Quarter, and all absentees reported to the Officer of The Guard.
30

14. Private R. F. Armstrong, Co. "E," is de-tailed to special duty and will report to the Adjutant's Office.
By Order of Major Yozen: WM. Y. WILDER,
1st Lieut. & A. I. S. A. P., 4th Bn. Inf. N. G. of Ga., Acting Adjutant.
Headquarters, 4th Bat. of Inf., Nat. Gd. of Ga.,
Camp Coart, Ga., July 28th, 1911.
Memorandum:
ORDER OF EVENTS AND RULES FOR FlELD DAY.
1. Tug of War: 1st Heat. 2. 100 yd. dash-1st heat; 2nd heat; 3rd heat. 3. Tent Pitching. 4. Three Legged Race. 5. Broad Jump. 6. Equipment Race. 7. Final tuO' of War.
100 yd. Da h, final heat.
RULES.
Tug of War-You will stand upright until the command: "Go." Leno'th of pull, three feet.
100 Yard Dash-1st Heat, Company "C"; 2nd Heat, Company "E"; 3rd Heat, Company "L." The men fini hing fir t in each heat will run in the nnal heat.
Tent Pitching-Company Commander will bring a tent from hi Company Street, folded with pin. and hood inside, with two axes, the center pin of each tent will be given. Tents must be pitched completely with my rope over ruide pins and wall loop mu t be placed over wall pin. Hood placed over tent.
31

Th'rce Legged Race-Two bindings, one at ankle and one at knee .
B1'oad Jump-Two jum'Ps to qualify.
Equipment Race-Men line up, run ten yards, lay down rifle, at next ten yards, lay down hat, next ten, blanket roll, next ten, haversack, next ten, canteen next ten, belt, next ten, legO'in , next ten, hoe. They will then proceed to end of 100 yards and come back picking up shoes and tiein0' them; then proceed to next ten yards, picking up leggin put them on, lace and tie them, and so forth; 'and team fini hinO' in quickest time, wins. Men competing must be equipped with high lace shoes.
Pinal Tug of War-The winner of the first heat will pull Company which has not pulled and order of precedence will be determined by lot.
Pinal Heat, 100 Yard Dash-The three men fini hing fir t in each heat will run in the final heat.
ames of men competing will be ent to these Headquarters, stating events entered, immediately upon receipt of this memorandum, and the judges request all participating in these events to stay in the immediate vicinity of point of starting, 0 that event may be pulled off promptly.

PRIZES.

Tug of War Broad Jump Equipment Race 100 Yards Dash Tent Pitching Contest Three Legged Race

$5.00 one prize only. 3.00 one prize only. 6.00 one prize only. 3.00 one prize only. 5.00 one prize only. 3.00 one prize only.

By Order of Major Mozen: WM. M. WILDER,
1st Lieut. & A. 1. S. A. P., 4th Bat. Infty., N. G. Ga., A~ting Adjutant.
3'2

Headquarters, 4th. Bat. of Infty., Nat. Gd. of Geol'gia,
Oamp Ooart, Ga., July 29th, 1911.
ORDE.RS: Number 7.
At the conclusion of the duties of the 1911 Oamp, The Battalion Oommander desires to express his appreciation of the co-operation of the United States Inspectors and Instructors, The Oompany Oommanders, The Officers, Band Detachment, and Men; and to say that, in his opinion the results obtained are the most substantial of any coming within his observation of any Oamp tour it has been his pleasure to attend.
He considers the efforts of "L" Oompany in supplying a Band Organi2iation by men from its ranks, a special mark of zeal, and to thank the men for their creditable efforts, and Musician H. C. Witt for the competent instruction he has given them.
It is the hope of the Battalion Oommander that the Instructions given during this tour will be lasting and prove a benefit on all future encampments that the Command is permitted to attend.
Thanking all Officers and men 'alike for the soldierly spirit displayed in all duties performed, you are discharged from this tour of duty and directed ,to return to your Home Station.
H. MozEN, Major Oommanding. Washington, September 19, 1911.
33

MEMORANDUM ON F1:ELD INSPECTION OF THE FOURTH
BATTALION OF INFANTRY, ORGANIZED MILITIA
OF GEORGIA, IN CAMP AT ST. SIMON'S
ISLAND, JULY, 1911, By U. S.
INSPECTOR.
1. The attendance in camp was fair only, while many men were absent from drill and other camp duties. Bands form no part of a battalion. See organization in paragraph 236, Militia Regulations, 1910.
2. Although the general equipment of uniforms i very good, yet this battalion is not equipped in service shoes. Many States are now issuing the United States mlarching shoe, either on the clothing allowance as specified in paragraph 53, Militia Regulations, 1910, or by requiring the men to bear part of the cost, while the State provide the remainder. Under this arrangement the men may become the owners of the shoe. In one instance good results have been attained by the company commander giving attention to the fit of the hoe and requiring the men to purcha e shoes suitable for marching.
3. The rifles are reported erviceable but not properly cared for. Instruction will readily remedy this deficiency.
Mounted officers should have hor e equipment. IntrenchinO" tools form part of the equipment
of a oldier, and are con idered of importance for purposes of instruction. Note the inspector's comments on tentage. 4. The police 'Of tbe ~amp and I anitatf;ion are hardly up to the standard attained by the OrO"anized Militia in other States. The rears of this nature should be in the form of a fly-proof box, and flyproof, such as were used in San Antonio at the Manoeuver camp. All cooks should be enlisted, in order to conform to the requirements of paragraph 236, Militia Regu-
34

lations, 1910. Organizations with hired cooks are

handicapped.

.

The camp site was unsanitary, and was reported

a menace to the health of the command.

5 It is noted that no field instruction was held in

this camp, while guard duty was made the principal

object, which is of some importance for purposes

of discipline, but serves little purpose in preparing

an organization for field service, and may well be

reduced to a minimum conducive to the safety of

public property.

6. The practical suggestions of the instructor on

page 8, are worthy of careful attention, particularly

his remark that the instruction of the companies

should be increased at their home stations.

CAVALRY CAMPS, 1911.

Headquarter 2nd Squadron Cavalry,

Atlanta, Ga., August 1, 1911.

The Adjutant General,

State of Georgia,

Atlanta, Georgia.

Sir:

Pursuance to General Orders o. 4, c. .~ A. G. O.

Ga., I have to report that Headquarter , Troops F,

K, and L encamped, dismounted, on the rifle range

near Atlanta, Ga., July 22 to the 29th, inclusive,

1911, for the special purpose of instruction in Tar-

get Practice.

Attendance was as follows:

Officers Enlisted Total

men

Field and Staff _________ Troop F _______________

3 2

1 39

4 41

Troop Troop

K L

_-_-_-__-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-_-

1 3

38 37

39 40

Medical Dtachment ____

2

4

6

Totals ----------- 11

119

130

35

The instruction in target practice proved very beneficial to the men and most of them joined heartily into it. This instruction was under the direct su~rvision of Lieut. E. R. W. McCabe, U. S. Cavalry, Inspector-Instruetor, who proved to be of yery valuable assistance dllring this encampment and I consider that the State is very fortunate in securing his services as Inspector-Instructor.
The sanitary condition of the -camp at all time was very good. The water supply was inadequate. All water used for drinking and cooking purpose had to be hauled to camp, land in order for the men to get baths it was necessary for them to either go to Fort McPherson or to the city of Atlanta. I recommend that the range be equipped with water works and that the system be connected to the city main on the ampbelton road, or to connect with the Fort McPherson sy tern.
Troop B encamped in Liberty County, Augu t 21, 1911, and Troop A camped on the Rifle Range near Savannah, July 22-29, 1911, separate Ireport Qf whi-ch were made 'by camp commanders.
Very respectfully, J. O. SEAMANS,
Capt. Troop L, 2nd Sqd. av., N. G. Ga. Commandino'.
Troop A, N. G. Ga.,
Savannah, Ga., January 27th 1912.
Adjutant General, State of Georgia, Atlanta, Ga.
Sir:
Pursuant to Georgia regulations, I have the bonor to report that during the period from July 22nd to
29th, 1911, Troop A encamped at Rose Dhu Rifle
Range in Chatham County. The purpose of the .camp was rifle instruction and the week proved mo t
36

ucce sfu!. During this period the basis of the pre ent figure of merit of 118 per cent. was made. A -comparison with sea on of 1910 when a figure of 33 per cent. wa made show. just how valuable and how necessary the camp. Three offi-cers and a minimum of thirty-three and a maximum of forty enlisted men performed thi tour of duty.
In addition to the rifle instruction guard was mounted throughout the entire camp and practical in truction in guard duty wa obtained.
Much confu ion resulted becau e of the inability of the Troop to learn definitely whether or not thi tour of duty wa to be perforrood, three changes in orders being made relative thereto. IS a consequence there was no ammunition or mosquito nets ready for the Troop and the CommandinO" Officer upon authority of the Adjutant General wa forced to borrow ufficient ammunition from local command to be able to proceed to camp. The mo quito net were not u ed, a they had been moved from Savannah to Macon and were not available.
Matter of thi kind are demoralizinO" to the N ational Guard, and force upon officers, who are busy with a great many detail , getting ready to make camp, matter which they should not be expected to take care of.
Very re pectfully, F. P. 1:cINTIRE, aptain ommanding.
Troop B, 2nd avalry,
Dorche tel', Ga., Sept. 4th, 1911.
The Adjutant General, Atlanta, Ga.
Sir:
I have the honor to report that, pur uant to I pecial Order No. 157 from your office under date July 28th, 1911, Troop B, 2d qd. av., . G. Ga.,
37

as embled at 12 0 clock noon on ugu t 21 t 1911, at Liberty Hall, near Dorche ter, Ga., 41 men and officers, and establi hed Oamp John Mclnto h Kell. The afternoon of the 21st was spent in erecting tents and building the rifle range. Tue day, 22d. morning commenced the routine work with reveille at 4 0 'clock A. M.; roll Icall, 4 :30 '0 'clock, then fatigue duty until breakfa t, 6 :00 o'clock. Target practice until dinner, 12 o'clock; dismounted drill in variable formation from 2 to 3 o'clock, then guard mount by the entire Troop at 4:00 o'clock with sentinel work until 9 P. M.
On Friday, 12 o'clock noon, 25th, tent were truck, equipment loaded, flag lowered, a volley salute was fired, and Oarnlp John McIntosh Kell ended. Troopers returned to their homes as they came, in automobile and hor e conveyance. I cannot too hiO"hly prai e the officer and men for their fidelity to duty and the manner of their behavior; they were prompt in obeying order , worked hard, were cheerful and orderly. The result wa that they greatly improved in small arm practice and guard duty. Ten men will surely qualify as marksmen, and 3 probably as sharpshooter. We had ideal weather and' no wind to interfere with the target work. The Troop could not have done better work elsewhere. I am rea onably ure more wa gained to the Troops advantaO"e at Oamp Kell than could have been gained at any other camp, for the excellent rea on that the men were ati fled and happy.
Rspectfully submitted,
w. P. WAITE,
Oapt. OomdO". Troop and Oamp.
38

COAST ARTILLERY CAlMP, 1911.
Savannah, Ga., June 9th, 1911.
The Adjutant General of Georgia, . Atlanta, Georgia.
Sir: In 'pursuance of Special Orders, No. 90, A. G. 0.,
May 1st, 1911, this corps went into camp at Fort Screven, Ga., May 18th to 27th, inclusive, for purpose of artillery in truction. On the 17th, the equipage was shipped on train leaving Savannah at 1:00 o'clock P. M., in charge of details from Headquarter and each of the four Companies, as required by Orders, which equipage was discharged from the car and placed upon the several camp sites prior to the arrival of the command on the morning of the 18th. Tihe command left Savannah at 10 :00 o'clock \... M. on the 18th and reported for duty to the Commanding Officer of the Artillery District of Savannah shortly before 11:00 o'clock, Eastern time, the arne morning.
There were one hundred and fifty-three officers and IDIen mustered for duty during this encampment; the number being in excess of the number available for duty at the last and previous encampments, attributable to better co-operation upon the part of the employers of Savannah.
Herewith attached is a copy of General Orders, o. 12, Headquarters Artillery District of Savannah, May 9th, 1911, including regulations for and program of instruction.'* It will 'be noted that sub-caliber practice was had by both the gun and mortar batteries on 23rd, 24th and 25th, and that service practice was had by both batteries on the 26th. For the first time, ,the Companies (3rd and 4th) assigned to duty at the Mortar Battery, were permitted to fire at a moving target in service practice. The range wa between 5,000 and 6,000 yards.
See page 42.

T1he Companie (1 t and 2nd) a si!med to duty at the Gun Battery, al 0 fired at a movino- taro-et in ervice practice, and the range thereof wa more than 6,000 yards. In the ervice practice at both Batterie all Regular Officer and enli ted men were ordered to turn over the Station to the Officer and men of our orp and to refrain from makino' any ugge tions or rendering any as istance of any de-
ription, thus castino- upon u the re pon ibilitie incident to the work and according to u the credit for what might be accomplished. At least one, and perhap two, hit out of five shots were made by the Mortar Battery, and at least two hit , out of five shots, were made by the Gun Battery; and the work and records were pronounced very good by the Commander of the Department of the Gulf, who witne ed practice, and b the Commander of the
rtillery District of Savannah.
We are sati fied that after the in tallation of the dummy armament, which ha already been provided for by an appropriation by Congress, our record for hit at service practice will be greatly increa ed, for then we will have an opportunity to train the ,ariou ections before going to the Fort.
H will be noted, too, that during the tour of duty our orps participated with the Regular troop. in parade, and that Po t guard duty wa performed by Reg-nlar troops and our own con-jointly the
ompany Commander of the Reo-ular troop and our COl1-) being placed upon one 1'0 tel' for Officer of the day, and all other line Officer beino- placed on another 1'0 tel' for Officer of the Guard; and that our Adjutant erved a Regimental or Field Adjutant for all parade and guard mount formations, and that our Sero'eant Major ~erve as such at all o'uard mount formation.
hool of In. truction for non-commi ioned Offier were held dail~ by the Regular Offic l' and everal lecture. b:- th Regular Ollic l' were deliv-
40

red to the commissioned Officer ; all of which were intere ting and of great value to us.
o illne s of any consequence developed during the encampment, and the Po t Surgeon did not hesitate to express his entire satisfaction with the sanitation of the camps.
There were no breaches of discipline requiring the attention of a summary or other ourt.
Reports by all officers were submitted as required. This was the busiest tour of duty in which we have yet participated, greater responsibilitie were thrust upon us in many ways and splendid opportunities afforded for training the Officers, non-commi ioned officers and privates in guard duty. The entire Corps returned to the home Station in good pirit, feeling that the best efforts had been put forth and looking forward to the time when the opportunity may be pre ented for accomplishing till better results. We cannot say too much in praise of Colonel Charles L: Phillips, Commanding, and his Officers for the interest manifested in us and our training, for the efforts exerted in increasing our profi<liency and for our comfort, for the patience at all time exhibited and for the kind words of sympathy and encouragement with which each and all greeted u upon every occasIOn.
Respectfully submitted, W M. B. STEPHENS,
Major C. A. ., . G. Ga., Commanding.
41

INCLOS RE.
HEADQUARTERS ARTILLERY DISTRICT OF SAVA All

FORT SCREVEN, GEORGIA.
May 9, 1911.
General Orders, No. 12.

REGULATIONS GOVERNING MILITIA INSTRUCTION.

OAST ARTILLERY

fay 1 th to 27th, 1911.

. 1. General program of instruction.

May 18: Arrival of :Militia, encampment, mu tel' general in truction ,to mall details, upon major elements of coa t defense at po t pre-
paration of manning tables. At 8:00 p. m. all
officers assemble in Gymnasium for lecture on amp Sanitation by Post Surgeon.
May 19: atch Artillery Drill of regular troops 8 :30-9 :00 a. m.; Militia Artillery Drill, 9 :0010 :00 a. m., and 1 :30-2 :30 p. m.; Instruction, Drill Regulation, oa t Artillery, for noncommissioned officers, 3 :00-4 :00 p. Ill. ; Lecture, for officers, 8 :00 p. m. at Gymnasium.
May 20: Inspection, Infantry, 8 :00-9:00 a. m.; A'l'tillery, 9 :30 a. m.; Militia Artillery Drill, ] :302:30 p. Ill.
May 21: Sunday, no exerci es. May 22: Same as for May 19. May 23: Morning: Battery Brumby, same a for
May 19; Battery Habersham, subcaliber practice; Afternoon: Battery Brumby, subcaliber practice, Battery Haber ham, same as for May 19. Lecture, for officers, 8 :00 p. m. at GymnasIum.

42

May :.4: Morning: Battery Habersham, same as for May 19, Battery Brumby, ubcaliber prac- . tice; Afternoon: Battery Habersham, subcalibel' practice, Battery Brumby, same as for May 19. Lecture, for officers, 8 :00 p. m. at Gymnasmm.
May 25: Same as for May 23.
May 26: Morning: Battery Habersham, service practice; Mternoon: Battery Brumby, service practice.
May 27: Rendering reports, breaking camp, embarkation of troops.
In addition to the foregoing, Call-to-ATIDs will occa ionally be sounded, by direction of the District Commander, at such times as will not interfere with the general program, for the purpo e of elementary instruction in Battle Tactics.
2. The visiting troops will attend parades with the regular troops daily and for this purpose there will be formed two battalions, the fir t consisting of the 116th and 121 t Companies, C. A. . and the econd con i ting of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th Companies, C. A. C., . G. of Georgia.
3. During the encampment, but beginning on May 19, and excluding May 27, post guard duty will be performed by the regular and visiting troops conjointly. The enli ted strength of the guard, to be furni hed by the visiting troops additional to that u ually furnished by the regular garrison, will coni t of one (1) ergeant, three (3) corporals. and twelve (12)" private, three (3) privates from each company, except a provided be.low.
(a) No corporals of the guard will be detailed from the regular troops during the periods above named.
(b) On May 25 the guard furnished by the visitinC)" troop will be taken entirely from the companies a igned to Battery Brumby.
( ) On lay 26 the guard furni hed by the visit-
43'

ing- troop w:ill be taken entirely from the companie a ig-ned to Battery Habersham.
The post of the sentinel furni hed by the visiting troops will be, in each ca e, the company tre t and camp of the company to which the sentinel belongs.
'Oompany Oommanders of both the regular and visiting troop will be put on one 1'0 tel' for Officer of the Day. .All other line officer, regular and militia, will be put on one 1'0 tel' for Officer of the Guard of which two (2) will be detailed daily, one of whom shall be of the militia.
As camp guard prior to O'ua.rd-mountinO' on May 19, each Oompany ommander will detail for hi own camp a guard con i tinO' of one (1) serO'eant, one (1) corporal and three (3) pri' ate and will make proper report of uch detail to the commanding officer of the vi iting troo-p who will de iznate an officer of hi command a Oamp Officer of the Day for the arne period. Thi Officer of the Day will upervi e all camp !mard de iznat d for thi period.
4. The battalion adjutant of the vi itinO' troop will be regimental or field adjutant for all parade and guard-mount formation and the sergeant major of the e troop will be ergeant major at all !mardmount formations.
5. Except a herein modified, and 0 far as they are applicable, Po t Order, o. 45, of 1910, relative to call for daily ervice will govern the vi iting troop.
6. For the purpo e of the general instruction
cheduled for May 1 , the company commander of the 116th and 121 t companies will each detail a sufficient number of their be t instructed non-commi ioned officer to accompany the everal detail or quad of the companies of the vi iting troop a iO'ned to their re pective batteries. The officer of the e vi iting troops will be accompanied by the battery commander and their subalterns. The
44

quads into which the visiting companie are divided should consist of not more than ten men each.
7. The reO'ular officers on duty at the batteries to whi h the vi iting companies are as igned will be the in truetor of the chool for non-commi ioned officer of the e ,companie re pectively. There is no' objection to, and it is recommended that, the officer of the companies attend the se sions of this
chool. Each vi itinO' company will have its separate hool.
. uch fati!rue work a may be nece. ary in or about camp or at the batterie to which th militia ar a ign d will be p rformed by the member of the old guard from these organizations under the direction of the battalion commander. The junior militia offic l' of the old Guard will be Police Officer for all O'round occupied or u ed by the militia. The e troop will not otherwi e be employed in post fatjgue work.
9. Company commander of the regular troops wi]] arrange f l' the in truetion of the enlisted cooks of the comrpanie of the vi iting troop with which they are a ociated for drill, by the cooks of their re pective companie , in handling, preparinO' and cooking the omponent of the army rations, and of the compan officer of the e companies in the detail of mes inO', cooking and sanitation of their companies.
10. Each po t staff officer or non-commissioned officer will ee that those .of the militia from whom report , rolL, return and other papers are requiredT are upplied, each in his own department, with the nece ary blank and are in trueted in their preparation. Each vi iting staff officer and non-commisioned staff officer will report to the corresponding po t officer for instructions.
11. From May 19 to 26 inclusive one militia musician of the guard will be mounted daily in addition to uch as prescribed by post orders. He will be
45

stationed at the Fire Commander's Station, No.2, Fire Comriland.
Calls will be sounded as required by post orders. All calls will be repeated by the musician stationed at the Fire ommander's Station, ithe time for sounding same to be indicated to him by phone from Post Headquarters. All routine service calls Will be sounded twice by the musician, once facing battery Brumby and once facing battery Habersham. Call-to-Arms, Fire-call and the like will be repeated several times by this musician and will be promptly taken up and sounded by all musicians in camp.
12. Reports of the result of reveille, retreat or check roll calls from the companies in camp will be recived by the acting Police Officer of camp and reported by him to the post Officer of the Day at or before the followinO' guard-mounting. For thi purpose of receiving those report he will take station OR the high ground near the Fire ommander's Station.
13. During the encampment ick call for tho e in camp will be held in a tent pitched for the Hospital Corps detachment in the vicinity of Battery Fenwick and by the surgeon of the visiting troop.
14. The morning reports of the several elements of the visiting battalion will be consolidated in the office of the battalion commander and this consoli- . dated morning report will be submitted daily to Post Headquarters at or before 8 :30 A. M. All other routine or other paper requiring the action of the Po t Commander will, so far as practicable, be submitted at the same time.
15. The commanding officer of the visiting battalion will appoint an officer as Summary Court to adjudicate all breaches of discipline, etc., tbat may occur in his command during the encampment. All reports of such Summary Court after action ha been taken by the battalion commander will be referred to the Post Commander. for inspection.
46

16. On the completion of these exercises leach regular and militia officer participating in them will submit to the district commander a brief report, giving his personal views as to their value and offering any suggestions he may have to give, tending to increa e the value of them to all concerned.
17. In addition to the foregoing all officers are enjoined to read carefully, G. O. 44, W. D. 1908, as amended by G. O. 64, W. D., 1908, G. O. 91, W. D. 190 and G. O. 71, W. D. 1909.
By Order of Colonel Phillips: - RALPH C. fuRRISON,
2nd .Lieutenant Coast Artillery orps, Acting Adjutant.
FIELD ARTILLERY CAMPS, 1911.
Savannah, Ga., Jan. 30, 1912.
Adjutant General of Georgia, Atlanta, Georgia.
Sir: I have the honor to report that this Battery was
in Camp 2 days, April 7th and 8th, 2 days June 4th and 5th, and 2 days October 15th and 16th, making a total of ix days. Mounted Drill, Drivers Drill and 'I arget Firing with service and subcalibre was had.
Respectfully, R. J. DAVANT,
Capt. Comdg. Bat. A. F. A. N. G. Ga.

1912 AMP SE OND INFANTRY.
Headquarters . G. G., 2nd Regt. Infy. Macon, Ga., 11 June, 1912.
The Adjutant General,
State of Georgia, Atlanta, Ga.
Sir:
I have the honor to ubmit my report of the tour of duty performed by the Second Regiment of Infantry, National Guard of Georgia, under my command in Camp at Macon, Georgia, May 5th to 10th, 1912, under the provisions of S. O. No. 71, A. G. 0., April 10, 1912.'*'
The organizations came into camp on fay 5th. The railroads again refu ed to operate special trains for this movement on account of the provisions of the Georgia law prohibiting the operation of trains other than regular scheduled passenger trains on Sunday, consequently it was after 4 :30 P. M. before all the organizations reached Macon. Orders for the routine of duty were issued on the first day, but it was soon ascertained that the Regiment had other work before it which would completely absorb the time that it wa intended to devote to drills and parade. The Regiment paraded on the afternoon 'Of the 5th at the ceremony of raising the flag over the Confederate Veterans Camp. On the 6th and 7th rain fell in torrent . The combat exercises in which the Regiment wa to participate on the 7th were abandoned because of other work which had to be done, and also because of the excessive rain. On the afternoon of the th the Regiment paraded and took part in the ceremony of the Coronation of the Queen of the onfederate Reunion.
Also Act of General Asse'nbly, 1011.
48

On the afternoon of the 9th the Regiment again paraded, taking part in the Grand Parade of the United Confederate Veterans.
Camp was broken on the 10th and the organizations returned to their respective home stations.
The Band, Hospital Corps, and the twelve companies of the Regiment attended this Camp.
Having no blanks for field return, I enclose consolidated morning report, showing the attendance at this Camp.
The foregoing summary gives little idea of what this Regiment really did toward making the 22nd .Annual Reunion of the United onfederate Veterans a success. The writer was the General Chairman of the committees having in charge the arrangements for this Reunion, and peak with authority when he says that if the Reunion wa ucces ful, this success was due more to the work done 'by the 2nd Infantry ational Guard of Georgia, than to any other one thing. In fact, it is difficult to ee how other Reunions have been ucce sfully managed without such assi tance a was given 'by the National Guard to the people of {acon.
Thi was really a joint encampment of the young ational Guard men and the old onfederate 01diers. The one-half mile track in which this Regiment camped, and the mile track in which the tents of the onfederate Veterans were pitched, are separated by only a few feet and in the intervening space the ,Sons of Confederate Veterans had their camp. The United States lent the tent and cot for the onfederate Veteran. It had been found impossible to stretch the cots before the arrival of this Regiment, and the fir t work required of the ational Guard on the morning of <the 6th was to tretch 12 000 new government cots. The simple statement that they did this work, conveys no idea of the labor impo ed on these young oldiers. It wa very hot, but they did the work uncomplain-
49

ingly-work that no one else could have done-and when the Oonfederate Veterans came in that night, as they did in large numbers, they found their beds ready for them.
This was but the beginning of the work. In all there were over 7,000 Confederate Veterans in this Camp-the largest number that has ever been assembled under canvas since the War between the States. Old and feeble, and strangers to the locality, they depended entirely on the Boy Scouts and the ational Guard to assign them to quarters, to find the e quarters for them again, and to attend to their every want. It was necessary to put four companies on guard at once. The responsibility for the maintenance of order and the carrying out of every arrangement in the Central City Park during the whole Reunion was turned over to this Regiment. 'While the crowds in the city were not as large as had been anticipated, there was at all times an enormous crowd in the Park. The women and feeble old Veterans congested in the streets, automobiles and other vehicles dashing in and out, it seemed inevitable that some casualty would occur. It was necessary for the National Guard to perform duties about which it had never been instructed, but the officers and men took hold of the task before them, and the fact that not an accident oecurred, not a man was robbed, not even a fight took place in the Park, how how well these young soldiers did their duty. Day and night they directed the traffic, keeping the streets clear, and reduced the risk of injury to a minimum. They guarded the government property, they directed the visitors, they practically nursed the old Veterans. ompany F was kept in town on provost duty the entire time. The Veterans came to rely upon the Regiment for everything. The National Guard
50

kept order in their Conventions and cleared the floor for their dances, and when their Grand Parade was to be formed, the officers of the National Guard arr,anO'ed and directed the formation, and the parade
moved off upon the minute as ordered.
Major Willis, commanding the detachment of the Eo pital Corps, had charge of the emergency hospital in the Park. He also established first ald stations in town. The work done by the officers and men of this department can be characterized as practically perfect.
The discipline during this tour of duty was excellent. The men seemed to realize the responsibility that rested upon them. A summary court officer was appointed, but he had nothing whatever to do.
I cannot close this report without expre ing, as General hairman of the Reunion Committees, the deep appreciation of the City of Macon for the work done in its behalf and in behalf of the Confederate Veteflans, by thi Regiment. When it icon idered that out of the fourteen organization, only three were from {aeon, and that th men in the other gave up their ummel' vacation and their opportunity to participate in a oomp where the duties would have been purelymilitary and not nearly so arduou , and where the cene would have been new and the experiences novel, and when it is realized that in Macon every officer and man worked practically day and night without relief, and yet withal there was no complaint and no failure in any respect to do willingly whatever was asked it is impossible to say too much in their praise.
In my capacit as General 'Chairman I am under the deepe t obligations to "them, and as Colonel of their Regiment I am proud of them.
The 4th Battalion under Major Mozen came to Macon on the 9th in t. and was with the Regiment -that day and participated in the parade.
51

Ihe officer from other organizations detailed by the Adjutant General for duty during this encampment rendered invaluable service. The Regimental Adjutant being in charge of the assignment of the Confederate Veterans to their camp, hi duties with this Regiment were performed by Lieutenant W. M. Wilder, 4th Battalion, who acted as Adjutant.
The other officers assisted the Colonel in his double labor as General Chairman and as Oommander of the Camp in every possible way, and he wa never more efficiently served.
I realize that this report is somewhat laudatory of my own Regiment, but this i the only opportunity I have had to express my feeling of personal obligation to my officer and men. That I am not alone in my opinion of the value of the work that they did i evidenced by the official order of the United Confederate Veterans issued at their last meeting and adopted by them, a copy of which I attach.
The report of this tour of duty does not show in full the work that was done for this Reunion by the officer and men of thi Regiment re ident in Macon. They erved on the mo t important committees. The Veteran encampment wa entirely arranged by Major Thoma, Captain Winn, and ex-Captain Daly. Company F went on duty a week before the Reunion and erved a week after the Reunion.
'rhis report seems to be somewhat late, but it wa.' only on the 8th in t. that th work wa over for Lieutenant Holt and Sergeant Harri and Giddings of Company C have been continuou lyon duty at the Park guarding the governmJent property and re-packin lY and hipping it.
Very respectfully, - WALTER A. HARRIS,
Colonel 2nd Inf., N. G. Ga.,
Commanding the Regiment.
52

.c. OFFICIAL EXPRESSION OF APPRECIATION OF U . V.
Adjutant General William E. Mickle, of New Orlean, acting under orders of Gen. Bennett H. Young, commander-in-chief of the United Confederate Veterans, last night gave official expression to the people of Macon for the reception given and the entertainment provided for the Veterans, paying high tribute to the hospitality of the city as a whole and declaring Macon to be "the bigge t little city in the world." The order follow :
"Headquarters nited Confedemte Veteran
"Macon, Ga., May 9, 1912.
"General Orders o. 2.
" t the clo e of the twenty- econd annual reunion of the United Confederate "' eteran just held in the city of Macon, all it member de ire to give sincere t expre ion of their appreciation of the plendid ho pitality and generou welcome which Macon, 'the biO'gest little city in the world,' ha accorded them. In the State of John B. Gordon and
lement A. Evan , it wa natural to expect that onfederate Veteran would receive all that appreciation and kindne s could sugge t, but this metropoli of entral l outhern Georgia ha broken all record . and while the va t as emblaO'e 'folds its tent and ilently teal away,' each vi itor will bear from thi beautiful city delightful memories of what the noble heart of it citizen. have prompted to be done for the urvivors of the great army that once wore the gray. " Jot one vi itor in the city failed to note and take plea ure in the great decoration which were o numerou and beautiful, not only in the city proper, but extended to remote eotion of the uburbs.
(( None but the Vete'rans an, appreciate' at its full val'tte the ?nost meritoriou erivce rendered by the men of the Second Georgia. Infantry.
53

"The aid given by the 'Boy Scouts' was efficient

and valuable. The e mites of humanity, with the

bravery of their ancestors, trugded through mud

and rain, guiding Veterans to quarters, and acted

like full-grown men. All honor to them!

"The pledges made by the people of Macon were

kept, and in no respect with greater fidelity than in

the manner in which matter were conducted at

Camp John B. Gordon, which reflects the highe t

credit on all concerned.

"While the parade was somewhat long and fatigu-

in0', it was one of the be t ever made; and General Maddox, chief marshal and the committee are to

be congratulated.

"The new papers, local and throughout the coun-

try, have rendered powerful a i tance in making

known the proceeding of the convention.

"All concerned have performed the duties com-

mitted to them well, and each and all are entitled

to the thank of the Veteran, and the general com-

mandinO' in hi own name and for hi beloved a so-

ciate ,expre es mo t hearty appreciation for every

service; and he assures the good people of Macon

that the twenty- econd annual reunion will long be

trea ured in the minds and hearts of all who were

present.

"By command of

"BENNETT H. YOUNG,

"WM. E. MICKLE,

"Gelleral Commanding.

"Adjutant General and Chief of Staff."

54

1912 CA {P, FIFTH I FA TRY.
Atlanta, Ga., July 30 1912.
rrhe Adjutant General,
State of Georgia,
Atlanta, Ga.
Sir:
I have the honor to render herewith my report of the tour of duty of this Command at .Camp of Intruction, Anniston, Ala., July 16-25, inclusive.
The Command left home station on July 16th in two sections over the Southern Railway, with 52 officers and 526 men. Of this number 4 officers and 53 men were detailed from other organizations. Through an oversight and misinformation before leaving the Armory the Band only carried 17 men, all other organizations carried the full quota.
The entire cherne of in truetion was in tactical problem with the exception of one period which was company extended order.
'The instructions consi ted of problem in advance and rear guard, outpost patrolling, battalion and regimental attack and defen e, in which battalion and regiment acted alone, and also in problem in which they erved in conjunction with other units.
rrhe anitary in truction at this camp were very thorough and this duty was reasonably well performed by this Command. The health of the men was excellent and the order in camp, so far as any service breach was concerned, was almost perfect.
Every organization of the new Fifth Infantry was present for duty and the new companies entered into the spirit of the camp with an intelligent purpose to learn as much as possible. All of the new organizations were prompted by a proper spirit and morale and it is believed that they are now on a permanent basis.
The Command was delayed for one hour and a half in leaving Anniston due to the fact that the
55

Sanitary Inspector did not arrive until one hour after the appointed time.
The instruction and proO'ram wa well planned and all 'Officer -and men are indebted for much assistance to the amp ommander, olonel Van Orsdale, to Oaptain Gowen and Oaptain Weigenstein of the Army, as well as the other officer of the 17th Infantry and the 11th Oav.alry.
Respectfully, EDGAR E. POMEROY, Oolonel.
1912 OAMP, SECOND VALR.Y.
Atlanta, Ga., July 30, 1912.
The Adjutant General State of Georgia, Atlanta, Georgia.
Sir: In compliance with Paragraph 670, Georgia Regu-
lation , I have the honor to tender herewith my detailed report of the tour of duty of this command at Oamp of In truction Anni ton, Ala., July 16 to the 25th inclu ive.
The Troop left their re pective home stations in time to arrive in camp on the afternoon of July 16. All organizations carried their full quota of officers and men, there bein 0' 17 officer and 166 men present for duty, including one officer and three enlisted men of the Ho pital Detachment. -
The following schedule of in truction was given and carried out by the Squadron:
July 16. Afternoon. rrived in camp. Mu ter and Ins-pection.
July 17. Morning. Tent pitchinO' and mai"lnO' camp. Informal talk on hygiene and camp anitation. Mternoon. In truction in table duty, feeding, waterinO' and grooming.
56

July 1. lorning. Adju ting and fitting equipment, addling and bitting. School of the trooper and troop. Afternoon. Stable duty. In truction in the care of horses, practical patrolling.
July 19. Morning. ~djustment of equipment, saddling and bitting. School of the trooper, close and extended order. Squadron drill. Afternoon. Practical patrolling, advance guard duty, map reading, and stable duty.
July 20. Morning. Adju~tment of equipment, addlinO" and bittinO", school of the trooper and troop, clo e extended order, quadron drill and hort squadTon maTch. Mternoon. Practical patrolling and outpost duty, map reading and table duty.
July 21. Sunday. Packing saddle, pitching heltel' tent, table duty. Informal discu ion of cavalry creen, outpo t duty and advance guard. Meages.
July 22. forning. Joint Maneuver. avalry and Infantry in defense attack. Cavalry screen and patrol work. Mternoon. Pitching helter tent.. individual cooh.-ing table duty, care of m~n and hoI' e on march, bivouacing.
July 23. M'orning. Breaking camp, joint maneuver, cavalry in attack and defense, cavalry patrolling and rear guard work. Afternoon. Stable duty.
July 24. In pection Arm and Equipment. table duty and Squadron drill. Short Squadron march. Troops Paid.
July 25. Morning. Breaking camp, entraining. The anitaTY instruction at this camp was very thorouO"h and the duty wa performed very creditably by thi command. The health of the men wa good, and the order in camp was excellent. The command wa delayed two hours in leaving Anniston, Ala., on account of the Sanitary In pector not arriving at the appointed hour. The instruction and program was well planned and all officers and men are much indebted to the
57

Camp Commander, Col. Van Orsdale, 00T. Morgan, 11th Cavalry, and Lieut. E. R. Werner McCabe, for their most able assistance.
Very respectfully, J. O. SEAMANS,
Major Commanding Squadron.
REPORT ON CAMP FOR FIELD ARTILLERY
COFFEE BLUFF, 11 MILES FROM SA-
VA NAH, GA., JULY 28, AUGUST 3, 1912.
Battery" A" reported at their armory at 7 A. M. and Battery "B" at 9 A. M. after arriving from Atlanta over the Central of Georgia.
The movement to Coffee Bluff was made under the usual difficulties of working green horses. The afternoon was devoted to making camp and tent pitching.
INSTRUCTION.
Officers instruction consi ted of problems of attack and defense selecting positions for each; map making of terrain covered in rides and discussion of the e problems from 7 to 8 :30 P. M. Scout information, route marking, telephone and signal details were given especial instruction by Lieut. E. P. King Jr., 6th F. A., Inspector for this di trict.
Drill covered harnessing, fitting harness, caring for and grooming horses, mounted drill and mounted maneuvers, sight and quadrant setting.
Special effort was made to give instruction in guard work all during camp.
Thursday and Friday were devoted to firing problems, a report on which will be forwarded later in due form.
5

With but one or t~o exceptions all work was done in a cheerful spirit and prompt manner very much to the credit of the enlisted men.
The efficiency of the work with the sights, laying the piece and that generally that can be taught in the armories as compared with the deficiency of drivers work who have had no experience with teams, stresses the imperative neces ity for some arrangement that will give an opportunity for some experience and training of drivers that will bring them somewhere near the efficiency of the gunner .
Tents were struck at 9 :30 A. M., Saturday, Augu t 3rd, and the return was made to Savannah with much greater order than could be maintained going, as men and hoI' es had learned omething during the week.
Battery "B" left over Central of Georgia for Atlanta at 8 :45 P. M.
RECOMMENDATIONS.
1st. That the camp for artillery be annual instead of occasional.
2nd. That the duration of camp be at lea t ten days. Inspection of the amount of work attempted will convince one at a glance that it must be hurried too much to be effective.
3rd. That furnishing horses for work of training drivers be given serious consideration and that an earnest effort be made to secure some horses for that purpose. Battery" A" has had the use of 12 horses during the spring months and this has done more towards building for efficiency than any other or all. other means used.
4th. That the officers be given every opportunity to see the piece fired with service ammunition.
Further that this be made effective by sending the officers of Battery "B" to all target work of Battery"A" as the latter Battery has a camp at which range can be had from 1,000 yards to the limit of the piece.
59

This is urged for the rea. on that under these circumstance officers of both batterie will receive the benefit of the expenditure of ammunition and get the very much desired practice which develops judO'ment in fire for adju tment.
Re pectfully, R. J. DAVANT,
Captain, Comdg., Battery "A," F. A. N. G. Ga.
REPORTS ON OFFICERS SCHOOL AND C MPS OF I TRUCTIO, 1911-12.
Atlanta, Ga., April 28th, 1911.
Adjutant General, State of Georgia, Atlanta, Ga.
Sir: Having completed the regular Army cour e in the
Garri on .school for Officer ,a provided for in
rticle Am of the Regulation of the War Depart-
ment for the Organized Militia, I have the honor to submit thi my final report:
Under authority of special orders of the War Department I attended the school at Fort McPheron, Ga., from J ovember 4th, 1908, to March 31 t, 1909, from November 1 t, 1909, to March 23rd, 1910, and from .r ovember 2nd, 1910, to January 31st, 1911, and also at Fort Myel', Va., from February 2nd, 1911, to March 31st, 1911, thereby completing the full three year course.
The following subje t were taken up in the order named:
Term of 1908-9 Tactics Military Law International Law
60

Term of 1909-10 Military Field Engineering Military IIygiene IIippology Military Topography
Term of 1910-11 Field Service Regulations Administration Drill Regulations and Gunnery (Field rtillery) Sm~n Arm Firing Manual Field Artillery Material and Explo ive
r obtained certificate of proficiency in each of
these subjects except that of Administration, the examination in this subject was so entirely foreign to the cour e of study pursued that no militia officer and very few regular officers pa sed either at Ft. McPher on or at Ft. Myel' or at any other Po t
from which r have been able to hear. r applied for
a re-examination in this ubjeet, as permitted by re!n1lation , but a the date et for the same wa interfered with by the Texas maneuver and by my transfer to Fort Myel', wa unable to obtain the arne.
The e ubject were tudied a carefully and thoroughly a the limited time in Garri on chool would permit. With some of the subjects the time allotted is 0 in ufficient, that unle the. tudent continue bi intere t in them beyond the school term hi workinO' knowledge will be only uperfrcial, but the general instruction !riven us was of uch high order that the tudent, eriou ly interested in hi profe ional education, will have very little difficulty in perfecting hi knowledge of these ubjeets from time to time after completion of the course.
r found that, to Militia officer , the benefit of the
cour e were by no mean limited to the knowledO'e O'ained in the subjects prescribed in the curriculum, but on account of the intimate as ociation with the regl.llar officers and the clo e contact with the prac-
61

tical administration of the regular Army, the natu-

ral absorption of the customs, ethics and traditions

of the profe sional oldieI' were as important and

as beneficial as the course itself.

The fraternal spirit of the officers of the Army

toward the Militia officers during the cour e and

their painstaking care in our instruction were 0

evident that I cannot fail to call attention to it in

this report.

During the entire course the kind, patient and

. courteous consideration given me was even more

than I had a right to expect. The ommanding

Officers at both Ft. McPher on and Ft. Myel' did

everything in their power to make the cour e a

success.

The financial support of the militia students con-

sist of commutation of sub istence at one dollar

per day and commutation of quarters, light and

fuel at the same rate, according to rank, as allowed

regular officers occupying building other than pub-

lic. This is allowed only during actual attendance

at the school and amounts to the following totals:

for captain, $97.80 per month; for first lieutenants,

$82.60 per month, and for second lieutenant, $67.40

per month. In addition to this, travel pay at 7

-cents per mile is 'allowed to and from the designated

Post at the beginning and ending of each term.

The school term begins on ovember 1st and end

on March 30th each year, and, as there is no means

provided for employinO' or taking care of militia

officers during the summer months, very few officers

will be' able to take the course on account of the

financial difficulties involved.

.

However, if the State were to make some arrange-

ment whereby a limited number of officers, say one

from each regiment, independent battalion, squad-

ron or battery, could be employed on military duty

during the intervening summer months at pay suffi-

cient, when added to the U. S. commutation, to fur-

nish a upport for the 29 months nece sary in which

62

to take the full course, I have no doubt that a number of our officers could be induced to attend, and if a certain number were so supported through the course and succeeded by others as they comlpleted the same, in a few years the accumulation of militia officers with Army training would be such as to enable the Georgia National Guard to organize it own course of instruction and furnish its own intructor .
I find that it i a mistake for an officer to attend the course at a Post where no troops of his own arm are stationed, unless, 'as in my own case, it would be impossible for the student officer to take the course if required to leave his home station for the entire period.
I would recommend, that in the adoption of any definite y tern of appointment to theS school , the student officers be very carefully elected. During my cour e I have known of several in tances where officers from other 'State have not only brought di credit upon the Militia of their own State but al 0 upon the entire student body of Militia officers by their unworthiness or lack of interest. I am glad to tate, however, that no such jn tance ha yet happened in regard to a Georgia officer.
An officer attending thi school from motive of purely elf interest, or who doe not intend to remain in the ational Guard or to become an officer in the rmy is almo t ure to di credit hi tate and the ational Guard in the e timation of the War Department, but with careful selection and intelligent support, I believe that a sufficient number of earne t and intelliO'ent young officer could be ent to these ervice chools from time to time a to eventually enable the State to conduct its own ystem of military in truetion without calling on the War Department. Re pectfuIly ubmitted,
J. ED. EUBANKS, Capt. Field Artillery, Georgia National Guard.
63

LT. A. J. McBRIDE ON FORT RILEY SCHOOL.
Armory Battery B, F. A. N. G. of Ga.
Atlanta, Ga., Jan. 29, 1912.
The Adjutant Gen~ral,
State of Georgia,
Atlanta, Ga.
Sir: I have the honor to submit the following as my report on subject of" amp of Instruction for Artillery Officers" held at Fort Riley, 'Kansa from June 1st to 15th, inclusive, 1911.
As stated in memorandum for in tructors the object was "to lead officers up to the point where they can reconnoiter and select good positions for batteries, occupy them in good order, and conduct the fire of the guns therein."
To accomplish this object the instructors worked untiringly with student officers, who were divided into sections, each section having an instructor. Each student officer was provided with horse and mounted orderly.
Each day was divided into three periods of instruction. The first period commencing at 8 A. M. was devoted to "selection, reconnaissance and occupation of positions, with simulated firing. This instruction required an average of 'about 31j2 hours each day. A battery was attached to each section and was officered by militia officers. The work was divided equally among the student officer. They were required to select positions, figure out firing data and bring battery into position. The work was thoroughly practical 'and required on part of student officers a knowledge of topography, Field Service regulations and Field Artillery regulations. The greater part of problems required selection of masked positions and consequent calculation of firing data. Alter the problems were solved, there was a discussion of solution, followed by criticism of in trudoI'.
64

The 'ond period from 1 :00 P. ~I. to about 3 :00

"n" P. ~I.

taken up "ith pecial in~truetion includ-

ino' in.tructi n a to u e and adju tment of ang'le

m a..urina- in hum nt and comI utation of firino'

lata. Tber wa work on terrain board al 0 durino' thi . perioL1.

The la t period ommencino' at 4 P. ~I. "a c1eYot d to lecture~ on follo"ing ubject: (a) Tbr e inch F. ~\. material (b) The trajectory in vacua

and in air, (c) Rano'e table analy i of (d) ompu-

tation of firino' lata, (e) Accurac:y of fire and cau e,

affectino' it. (f 'brapnel fire, proper adju tment of,

(0') Rano'ino'. application of fir, (h) explo iv '.

The for goino' 1 cture were delivered by Capt.

"e ternlt and apI ear in hi t xt on "Gunnery and Exploi'iye... The la~t ] ctur on "Line of om-

mUllicati n wa. deliYer 1 by Lt. Olm tead.

atnrda~'. June 10th wa deyoted to a practice march im'olyin o' a tactical 'ituation.

The la t three mornina- I eriod were d voteel to

tar 'et practice. Each ection wa giYen thr proh-

lem to soh'e. The battery "a officer d by tud nt

officer.., "ho put into actual u e th Imowled'e o'ain-

ed at thi. p rioel in preyiou in truction. rrhe re -

ord. ma Ie in thi taro' t practice I roy d onclu-

iYely that militia officel'~ made remarkable proa-re:~

in conduct of fire. In the word of ~Iaj. ~IcKail'

th tudent officer "played the game well, u ing

with a fair leo-r e of ec nom', th ammuhitiol1

available."

'

Lt. Hallman and I were in the fir t ection und l'
in truetion of apt. Lloyd and later apt. Kilbreth, both of 6th F. ~-\.. We were pre ent at every e~ ion and received invaluable in truction.

In conclu~ion, I wi h to tate that value of intruction w received at Fort Riley cannot be overe timated. It i to be hoped that this camp of instruction will be held yearly and that all militia

65

Field Artillerymen will be given an opportunity to attend.
Very respectfully, A. J. iIcBRIDE, JR.,
1 t Lt. Battery B, F. . .... G. Ga.
LT: O. F. HALLMAN ON FT. RILEY HOOL.
rmory Atlanta Artillery, Atlanta, Ga., Jan. 25, 1912.
Captain J. E. Eubank , Battery "B" F. A. . G. Ga.
Sir:
I have the honor to ubmit the following report of my attendance at the camp of instruction for Artillery Officer at Fort Riley, Kan. as, from June l' t to 15th, inclusive.
In obedience to . O. No. 105 A. G. O. I reported to Major Wm:. . Mc air on the afternoon of May 31 t and was as igned to a tent and o'iven a copy of the program to be followed durino- the camp.
June 1 t was pent in electing mount and official call. On the mornino- of the ..econd the real work started.
A the time wa too hort to permit detailed intruction in all the variou thing nece ary to make a good battery the cour e wa planned to cover "selection, reconnai ance, and occupation of positions" and the" preparation and conduct of fire."
Three ession were held every day, except Sunday. At the mornino- e ion the officer were all mounted -and given work everal miles from camp oyer varied ground.
The afternoon e ion were 'pent in pecial intruction, in calculation of firing data and lecture on gunnery and e:s:plo ives.
During the latter part of th com 'e Militia Offi-
66

eel'S were put in command of the Regular Batteries and, much valua'ble training was obtained in this way.
Seventy-three militia officers were present at the camp, a large number of them having attended the camp of 1910, and it was the unanimou opinion tbat the camps hould be held every year.
Camp wa broken June 15th and I returned home reaching AtJanta on the morning of the 17th.
Respectfully, JOHN F. HALLMAN,
1 t Lieut. Battery "B" F. A. N. G. Ga.
CAPT. VV. P. "AITE 0 FT. RILEY SCHOOL.
Dorchester, Ga., June 26th, 1911
Adjutant General Georgia, Atlanta.
Sir: I have the honor to make report to you on my
tour of duty at Camp of Instruction, Fort Riley, Kan., as fo]1ow , viz.:
I arrived at the Fort on the evening of May 31st and at once reported to Major :McDonald in charge of Camp. On June 1 t work tarted and then each day for 15 days we were given practical and theoretical instruction in Cavalry field ervice, embracing map reading, advance and rear guard formations, marching and camping, with individual cooking, convaying a baggage h-a.in; be ide we were in tructed in tbe care and feeding of horses, training and riding borses; attended lectures on cooking and care of meats, and lecture on hoI' e-shoeing, and veterinary practice, and given object lessons on loading a Troop with wagons and equipment on cars an~ loading a pack train.
We were kept bu y and acquired much valuable in truction on tbe "employment of cavalry" and I
67

would heartily" commend the cour e for it thoroughne_. and practical re ult .
I wi h to eipre thank to lfajor ~IcDonald apt. ~'aldwel1, apt. Babco k apt. Goethe, and otber officer of tbe Po t for tbeir courte y kindne and patien e and commend them for tbeir tbor011O"h m tbod of in tru tion.
Re peetfully ubmitted, W. P. W.ll'rE, apt. omd<>'. Troop' , 2d Sqd. a"V. I. G. Ga.
~ UQ1l ta Ga . .June 12 1911.
Tb _1..tljutant General, 'tat of Georgia, _ tlanta, Georoia.
lr:
I haye the honor to her with ubmit report of tour of duty at tbe joint encampment lfaneuver and Fi lcl In truction at an ..:-wtonio, Texa , ~Iay :..7th to .June 9tb inclu ive.
In compliance witb pecial order No. 100 Ex. _...... G. O. Ga. ~Iay J5tb, 1911 I left my bom tation on ~Iay 24th, arri"Ving and reporting for as ignment at ~Ianeuver Camp, Fort am Hou ton San Antonio Te:s:a 11 :00 A. :JI. 27tb lfay". _ iOl1ed to econd Battalion 15tb Infantry, U. . A.
TIll report is compiled from note , kept in form of a Diary of ucb'matter a came under my obo er"Vation' tbey were in truetive to me and tru t will be of ome interest to State Troops.
~lay 27th 4 :00 P. f. tbe division was reviewed by ~lajor General arter; tbe National Guard Offier~ were not permitted to take part in this ceremon}- otber tban to observe. The divi ion is compo,"ed of tbe following organization
68

1 t Brigade Commanded by General 'mith com-

posed of the 11, 15, 18 Infantry.

2nd Brigade Commanded by General ~au , com-

posed of 13, 22, 23 Infantry. The 23rd beinO" de-

tached to the 'border.

3rd Brigade Commanded by General Hoyt com-

po ed of 10, 17 and 18 Infantry.

avalry Brigade Commanded by General cuyler.

composed of the 9 and 11 Cavalry.

The AI-tillery Brigade Commanded by Col. . B.

Dyer, compo ed of the 3 and 4 Field rtillery.

Engineer orp ommanded by Major Walk r,

composed of one Battalion and Bridge Train.

ignal Corp Commanded by Major Squire, com-

po ed of two Signal companie., the Field Ho pital

and Ambulance rompanie, lmder ommand of

Chief urgeon H. B. Birmingham Supply mmuni-

tion and Pack Train, were made up from Regi-

mental Train.

6 :30 P. 1. with the Battalion Command r in-

pected the Oompany treet ob ervinO' the Camp

anitation, Incinerator for refuO'e, O'ar1 au'e, and

Latrine which are nuted under the head of Camp-

inO' and Camp anitation.

May 2 th. Sunday all dutie other than Routine

were su pended' at 4 P. M. the National Guard

Officer received their fir t inoculation of .Anti-

Typhoid Senlll1

refer to note in Ie ture n

Camp Sanitation.

May 29th the Signal Officer made a ucce ~ful

-flight in the Aeroplane; no tactical u e wa attempt-

ed, yet it wa apparent that the Aeroplane will plaY'

a erviceable part in the reconnai ance of fuhll'e

wars.

7 :30 to 10 :30 A. 1. the Battalion made a march

of five miles, the Hike was more in the nature of a

walk to train the men. 3 P. M. Lecture by Lieutenant Weiser, 15th InfantrY'. On ~Iap readino', which

was not only intere ting but in tructiv , the im-

portance of the , ubj et cannot be too hiO'bly em-

69

pha ized, a every Officer bould be able to readily comprebend a )Iap and recognize the ground; thi was ob ervable in the :Maneuver. The ubject of Map reading, :Map drawing and Road ketehing' should 'be promulgated to the Guard through a ytematic cour e prepared by competent officer.
30th. Memorial Day exercise upended.
31st. g :30 A. M. company in pection and mu tel'.
June 1 t. 7 :30 to 10 :30 A. M. Battalion in ad-
vanced Guard Drill.
June 2nd. Reveille sounded at 3 :45 A. M. an] 5 :15 the divi ion marched on Leon SprinO' , marchinO' 26 mile in two day , and went into Bivoua until Juue tho
June :lth. unday no exer i e in I ected ompany treet ob erving clo ely the kitchen Incinerator and Latrine. They were erected of a temporary nature but were very effective and tbe ab ence of Hie wa remarkable. everal of tbe companie pitched double belter tent and in tead of pegging down the ide joined adjacent tent too'ether through the loop, forming a continual heltel' for tbe entire treet and makino' it very comfortable and had) for the men.
1 :15 P. 1. the reO'imental ommander olonel W. ott a embled the officer of hi regiment to-
gether in order to bid them goodbye on account of his retirement.
June 5th. 7 to 11 . ~r. Problem attack and defen e of a po ition the objective beinO' a hill defended bone Brio'ade Infantry with cavalrv and artillery attacked by two Brioade. :l:00 P. "J1. Problem of the morninO' wa e::q lained by aptain Willi Dline to the .J: ational Guard Officer attacbed to the regiment. Hi explanation wa limited to tbe action of the 15th. Infantry in the "Jlaneuver and uch conclu. ion a he reached from hi ob ervation. a orders, other than the reo'imental were not tran mitted to him.
70

June 6th. 7 to 10 A. ~1. Problem e tablishing Regimental Out Post -2 Battalion being placed in our po t and one held in re erve.
~Iu h practicable information wa obtained in notinO' the ~election of the line of re i tance, how the upport were placed, and the po ition of the :Machine Gun. Al 0, the election of the Line of Ob ervation and the locating of the Out Guard .
4 P. M. Captain line explained in a lecture the advantage of the po ition elected.
June 7th. 7 to 11 . 1\1. Problem of advance and. attack of the po ition by the divi ion with the exception of one provi ional regiment of cavalry and one regiment of A!rtillery made the advance by three road upon the po. ition. The strength of the enemy wa repre ented by the provi ional Te!timent of cavalry and the regiment of rtillery.
4 P. ~I. Explanation of Problem by aptain line' 4 :45 P. ~1. Lecture in amp anitation note on the lecture are refened to later. Exercise upended in the momin o'. The Gen ral wa ounded at 6 :15 P. M. and the divi ion took up the niO'ht march back to amp at an tonio, Texa arrivinO' a tamp 5 :25 A. :M., June 9th, having covered a di tance of 29 mile . The troop roorched fifty minutes and re ted 10 minute throuo'hout the night, with the exception at the pIa e called Blue Wells, a distance of about 16 mile , a halt wa made of about two hour and twenty-five minute in order to give the men a re t, and to refill their anteen and to water their hoI' e . Thi march wa a te t of endurance, and beino' throuO'h a Lime tone ountry in which no rain had fallen in . orne week ; the oil wa ground to a lowder forming cloud of du t that wa stifling. Thi concluded the Field in truction and ubmit the following remark : The :N ational Guard Offi er were attached to Officer of the arne rank and po ition and though they had no re pon ibillty or duty to perform had
71

an excellent 01 portunity to 01 ~erY th . enH'al :JIanenver of a Divi ion of the reornlar army, althouo-h the evolution were tactical, the action of \\arfare wa imulated and naturally lacking in that caution, which would ha,e to be ob erved if ad"ancing again t Lead. Yet valuable information w'a gained in ob erving how the e,eral unit approached from their po ition and form the e,eral line. It demon trated the importance to every officer, even the men of knowing the objective to be Qbtained and all the information in reo-ard to arne together with a thorouo'h comprehen ion and appreciation of the Terrain ampin o' and amp anitations.
Note taken from Lecture by the uro-eon of the 15th Infantry, the importance of Camp. anitation i~ the preventino' of ickne and di. ea e.
The ill of amp are IJy entery, Cholera, Typhoid Fever, and Relap ino' Fe\'er' it wa first thought that the Mo quito 1 read the Typhoid, :-ince eli overed that the Fly al 0 i~ th carrier of di a . Therefore, it i nece ary to pre"'ent the br din u vf the Fly and :J10 quitoe . which an be pre" nt d by care in the "kitchen and the proml t burnino- of all food and liquid refuo'e matter' where it i po. ib1e, the kitchen hould be creened and th food . tuff kept covered, and i.. preferable that all food matter be served hot. II water for drinking purl 0 e~ hould be analyzed before u ino-: in u ino- the incinerator , :the liquid Irefuo'e bould be pou're I UI on the Hot Rock lowly and in . mall quantitie allowing the :m.atter to dry out before rakin o' into
the fire. Latrines hould be kept carefull~- attende I and
o constructed, if po ible, to prevent lio-ht into it. and where it i impo ible to be co,ered, then the depo it ho-qld be properly covered with dirt. And the Latrines burnt out daih- with traw and oil and wben within two feet of the urface of the ground
boul,d be entirely coyered and new ones dug. For
72

field u e, those constructed 2x6x feet, i found be. t ervicea'ble and should 'be sheltered by" tree .
Immunity from Disease can 1)e obtained in a mea ure by two means cultivated by traininO', and artificially by vaccination; previou record (I believe 189 ) that one ca e out of fifty not ,accinated had Typhoid, whereas, in the pre ent Camp of the 12,000 who were Vaccinated only one case of Typhoid had developed and that in a very mild form' and on inve tigation, it was discovered that the patient had not received the third inoculation which wa nece~ ary.
CAMP.
ttached are a few view taken of the fifteenth Infantry.
Xo. 1. The banel Incin rator con tructed by placing a barrel over the inter ection of two trenche , in the center of the barrel i placed an Iron creen, or cro bar of Iron. The barrel i covered with "Dobe" or mud and burned. The trenches are about 2 ft. wide by 41j~ ft. lono' and .10pinO' to the inter ection to a depth of 2 ft. and are lined with tone or rock.
Xo. 2. The mold Incinerator the trenche are 3 ft. wide by 5 ft. long and the depth of 4 ft. 9 tone end and loping to 5 ft. at the other and lined with tone and rocks and the ides built up to about 2 ft. above the ground, and banked with dirt; over this j placed an iron frame, on which can be heated water and can be u ed for other purpo e .
~ o. 3. A creen Kitchen and a ~Ie Hall of Co. "F."
No.4. Company" F" Street. ~ o. 5. Interior Conical Tent. K o. 6. Interior Pyramidal. Xo. 7. Improvi ed Mess Hall for Officer. Photograph o. 3, 4, and 7, are pre. ented to . how the cleanline of the Camp and the mean u ed to prevent the food from belnO' contaminated
73

by flie ,and these creen hou es can be easily erected at very mall co t.
No . 5 and 6 are t~ken to show the arrangement of the interior of'the tent for Company in pection, but unfortunately the views are not good.
In conclu ion, will state that the officers 1 had the Ilea ure to meet, endeavored in every way po . ible not onl3 to make the tour pleasant but were untirinO" in their effort to give in tructions and information.
I am indebted for much of the above information to Captain Uline, commanding the Second Battalion Fifteenth Infantry; to Lieut. Terrel, Fifteenth Infantry, for information on ~1:ap reading' and ROPod ketching; to Lieut. Glendening for the demonstration of the new Pack and Canteen.
One other feature that wa a ource of plea ure and profit, wa the opportunity to meet and converse with the National Guard Officers from other 'State, and from whom learned many valuable point a to what their States were doing for the Guard.
Returning left an Antonio Jtme 9th, arriving Home tation night 11th of June..
Very re pectfuJJy,
ABRAM LEVY,
:JIajor 2nd Infantry, N, G. Ga,
~IAJOR J. ,\, DUN A:N ON A' ANTONIO
AMP.
Atlanta, Ga., June l:..th, 1911.
The Adjutant General, State of Georgia, Atlanta, Ga.
U:
I have the honor to make the following report relative to my tour of duty with the "YIaneuver Divi ion at Fort Sam Hou ton and on the U. S. Reser-
74

vation in Texas, 'illay 27th, 1911, to June 9th, 1911. I left Atlanta May 25th and arrived in San
Antonio, Texas, May 27th, 8 :00 A. M. I reported at Divi ion Headquarters and got a signment with the 18th U. S. Infantry, !aj. Jelson, Chief Surgeon. Attended Mu tel'. Reported at First Brigade Headquarter and then to Maj. elson and was as igned to my quarters. After getting acquainted with the Major and his As istant Surgeons, I began ob ervation .
I found the camp in a fine sanitary condition. Every kitchen wa screened, and on inspection they were found to be clean and well kept. Every kitchen had an incinerator close by it. The treets and every part of the camp were well policed. The ditch latrine wa used. Thi con isted of a ditch two feet wide and about 20 or 30 feet long and 6 or 8 feet deep. Over thi ditch a long box eat wa placed with a number of hole, each hole being provided with a well fitting drop cover, the entire box being~ fly proof. E-very morning at 9 o'clock orne hay and one gallon of crude oil wa prinkled and then set on fire. After the burning, milk of lime wa . freely sprinkled on the wall of the ditch. The kitchen incinerator di posed of all the kitchen slop, etc.
At about 9 :30 A. ~I., the Major and hi two A i tant would tart on their round of in. pe tion, each officer inspectin O' one battalion. These ins} ection . I attended. The latrine , street , quarter , incinerator and kitchen , includino' the ice che ts and all of the cooking uten il and even the finger nail. of every cook were in pected.
At 7 :00 A. ~I. I would attend ick call and observe the attention given patient and the clerical work at the di pen ary, all of which wa done very much a our eu tom.
I attended lecture on hygiene and anitation;
heard a di COul' e on bread making in the army, and . aw the variou mode of baking the bread. At the
75

l)akery "here I \\a " tbey- oull turn out L 000 lb . of fine bread a day-ordinary and travail bread.
I u ually aro e at 5 :00 A. M. and beo'an my obervation and kept them up until 10 :00 P. L
fter pending ix days in the camp at Fort Sam Hou ton, we were ordered to tart at 6 :00 A. M. .June 2nd, to Leon Spring. We marched nine miles and bivouced at Blumell Store, where we could get water. Jext morning we marched at six o'clock and fini hed the trip to the U. S. Reservation, a distance of ixteen miles, where we arrived at 11 :00 . M. and pitched camp at Well No.5, Schasse Ranch. I o'ot my dinner and went to Divi ion Headquarter 2nd got a Military Map.
Next morning the entire Division went out for manoeuvers. I was assigned to an Ambulance onpany, commanded by Capt. Conner. The Field Ho -
pital was located at Well o. 5. -The Dre ing ta-
tion wa located at the ba e of hill we t of o. 121. There I left my hoI' e and went with :M:aj. Parker of irginia and ix Ho, pital Corp men to e tabli h fir t aid tation in the rear of the differ nt regiments.
We had one of the Ho pital orp men to make a bandage trail from the dre ing station to the aiel . tabon. After thi' wa done "We returned to the dre ing tation and got our horses, at which time l'ecall wa ounded and we returned to camp.
The order for the 6th wa for outpo t dutv, or xerci e , which wa well executed.
On June 7th the manoeuver con i ted of the entire Di, i ion again. On thi occa ion I wa assigned to the advance guard. The problem wa different from the first one and was executed as planned.
After the first Divi ion manoeuver problem, I at.tended a di cus ion of the problem bv the variou medical officers at the Field Hospital. After th
econd Divi ion mano uver, I attended a discussion of the problem by thl:: line officer and al 0 a lecture
76

on hygiene and sanitation by tIl :Jlajor of the 15th Regiment.
On account of the breakage of the large pump, the Division wa ordered to return to the camp at Fort
am Hou ton on the night of the 8th. It was to be an all night march, and after con uWn o' Col. DR,i. , Lt. Col. Sti] on an 1 Major Tel on, "ho were ver~ positive in their advice, which "a that Maj. ~ ankivill and I should ride back during the day, we aro e at 4 :30 A. 1\1., had our hoI' e fed, got breakfast and left camp at 6 :15 .L 1\1. Were ted twent.,minute at Blumell' Store, watered our hor es and had a lio'ht lunch. We got to San Antonio at 1:.. :00 1\1. We made the trip of thirty miles in o'ood ha')e. We turned our mount over and went to the Menger Hotel and spent the nio'ht and joined the Reoiment the next morning, it having O'otten to camp at 5 :00 L M.
This being the la t day of our ta - in camq , we packed our belono'in o' and took the 10 :00 P. ~1.
train for home.
CO ~CLU 10_- .
1 t. The Kational Guard offi er "ho "ent to th:>::.\Ianoeuvers e:s:pecting to enjoy a lo,e]~ ,aclation and "bo closed his eye and topped his ear "ould better to have tayed at home for he "ould get no benefit for him elf or for the organization he i'epreo ented.
2nd. The Kational Guard officer "ho went to the manoenvers to learn and who wa. vigilent, could not fail to get much information for him elf and he wi] J be able to benefit those he represented for theMedical officer. and Line officer were uniformly courteou and alwa~s ready to impart needed information.
3rd. I belie,e tbat the Medical officer who attended the manoeuver could get more out of same than the Line officer for the rea on that bygiene and sanitation have been given 0 much attention by the Medical Department in recent years, and a.
77

they are of paramount importance much improvement has been made, and unle hygiene and sanitation in the camp or in the field be given constant anrl zealou attention, we cannot expect to have able oldieI' on the line of battle.
4th. At retreat, both morninO' and evening, every -enlisted man, who is not otherwi e detailed, should police the entire camp for fifteen minutes, each Company or detachment giving its attention to it own
pace, for eternal vigilance only will o'i, e us a clean, anitary camp.
5th. When a camp i once clean and when every man i willing to do hi part to keep it anitary, the 1a k is not heavy on anyone, but when all the work i left for a few to do it is almo t impo ible to have <or to keep a camp in proper condition.

S GGE TION .

1 t. That every officer, non-com'Ini ,ion and pri-

vate, co-operate in maintaining a clean, sanitary

.camp.

2nd. That every man take care of his feet by

being properly hod.

3rd. That every officer and private be protected

from the contagion of typhoid fever by vaccination.

4th. That our Adjutant General arrange with the

authoritie at Wa. hington, D. ., for a free supply

()f typhoid viru

, ery respectfully,

J. W. DUNCAN,

Major Medical Corp, ~. G. Ga.

78

LT. J. A. DAILY ON

NTO -10 C MP.

Savannah, Ga., June 19, 1911.

The Adjutant General tate of Geor!ria, ttlanta, Ga.
I II':
A directed in your letter of :May Uth, I have the honor to report a follow : In compliance with
. O. 91, A. G. 0., I reported to the Commanding General, Maneuver Divi ion, 'at San Antonio, Texa , on May 11th, 1911.
Owing to the fact that Division Headquarter had not received advice of the names and rank of the Georgia officer, our as ignment had not been prepared, there was a delay in being assio-ned and mu tered and in preparinO' pay voucher .
I wa assigned to Co. "C," 10th Inf'y., and tran -
ferred the next day to Co. "D," 10th Inf'y., Lieut.
Ca1dwell, Commanding. The Divi ion wa under order to march on the
12th to Leon pring. Owing to a heavy rain on the night of the 11th, the movement wa lostponed for one day. The march, about ~-! mile, wa made in two day, each day' march beinO' fini hed before noon. The Divi ion remained at Leon lrino- until fay 21st, maneuver beino- held daily.
These maneuver u uany con i ted in the Di,i ion oc upying a po ition ao-ain t an ima!rinar~- enem~. There was one Outpo t problem. The Divi ion left Leon Sprino- on the afternoon of the 21 t, and arrived at San Antonio hortly before noon on the 22nd.
Drill on the ~3rd wa, by Compan~r, and in the afternoon the field bakery wa visited by the Jational Guard Officer and it working, explained to them. The Officer were paid on the 24th and relieved of further duty.
rrhe advantage were: (1) An opportunity to ob~erve a COL11llete Divi -

79

ion and to note the number and kind of troop com-

po ino' it.

(2) To ob e1"-e a march, amping, breaking-

Camp, Loading Wagons and eeing what equipment

wa carried into the field.

It i true tbat all the e ubjects are treated in tbe

Field er,\'i e Reo'ulations, but the Ie on 1 arn d

from xperi nee are remembered lono'er than tho..e

learned from th printed page. The clo e a ociation of Officer of the Reo:1.1lar

Army and Xational Guard wa of much value t the latter. Li ut. aldwell and umrnin o' of om-

pany "D" did everything po ible to make my tour

both plea ant and in tructive, and in conyer ation.

with tbem many things were learned about Fiel]

ervice, Oompany management, and l\mitary affair.

in general.

peaking a a ompany Officer, I do not think

that the in truction l' ceived wa worth what it co t.

The in truction of ~ ational Guard Officer wa b11 an incidental feature; the main object of the ~Ianeu

vel' at Leon prinO' beinO' to give General Officer

an QPPortunity to exerci e command.

Except in I1:h number of troop :engaged, tile

problems were imilar to tho e worked out in our

joint encampment at Ohickamauga, and a iyi ion

moyement afforded little opportunity for a om-

pany ommander to take any initiative or to b w hi kill in han llinO' bis Oompany, and con. equentl~'

no opportunity for an ob. erver to gain tactical in-

formation. It would be of great advantaooe to the ~ation<11

Guard, if an opportunity of ob erving Reo'ula!'

troop were given, not only to Officer but al 0 to nli ted men. It it were found practicable to a ign

one ompany of Reo'ulars to each Battalion of Nat-

ional Guard tb value of our ('amps of in truction

would be doubled.

Re~'pe tfully, J. A. DAILY,

1 t Lieut. 0." L," 1 t Infy. N. G. Ga.

o

.ARTILLERY OFFICERS AMP, ]912.
a, nnnah Ga., .AuD'. 7, 19]2.
The Adjutant General of Georo'ia,
Atlanta GeorO'ia.
(Through Military bannels) .
lI':
We hm e the honor to report unon tll Camp of In truction for Fi ld rtillery Offirer. of the National Guarrl, held at Fort Riley from .July 6th to :?Oth inclu. ive.
We left. avannah .on .Jul~ 3rd, r 1 orting- to th Commanding' Officer of the Camp on the 6tb, aUfI were relieved from duty there on th 20th, rea hin,!!: our home tation on the 23rd.
Enclo ed i. a copy of the proD'ram of in. tru tion. ,,:hi h will g-iv you in detail the chara tel' amI Rlllount of work we were a . i~ed. In addition to following- thi . chedule for the. enior ('la .. , Lif>lltenant Well. , alonD' with tbe ection to wbich he wa::: a. iO'ned, took a CaUl'. e at the hool for cook aUfl hak r. and a1 a at the. choo1 for farrier and hal'. e. hoer .
The iu tructor of the amp were most capable, lain takinO' and courteau making- our tour of dut of D'reat value to u and our Batt r' .
Respeetfully, E. D. WBLL.,
] t Lieut. Bat. ,F. A., N. G. Ga. EDW. G. TRaM 01 ,
] t Lieut. Bat. F. A. N. G. Ga .
. G. LANG, 2nd Lieut. Rat. A, F. A. N. G. Ga.
E. GEORGB B TLBR, 2nd Lieut. Bat. F. A., X. G. Ga.
\pproved and forwarded. R. .J. DAVANT, apt. Bat. ,F. A., ~. G. Ga. 1

PROGRAM OF INSTR 1TION.

Camp of Field Artiller: Officer of Militia, July 6 to 20, 1912.
Saturday, July 6. Anival of officer in camp. Me s will begin operation at noon.
Sunday, July 7. A iO"nment of mount,. A iO"nment to cIa E>'e and eetion Official call. . lornin o' in tru tion-Mounted.

S.

~[ooday, July . In pectioo and adju. tment of
B. '. telescopes and ruler' ancl in truction in their use.
Tue day, July 9. Map reading 00 the terrain. etting up in trum nt and
measuring angles with B. C. tell' cope, ruler and hand breadths.
Estimating range.
Wednesday, July 10. amI' as preeecling ~ay and se-
lection of po itions and calcnlation of firing data.
Thursday, July 11. 'alcnlation of firing data and
simulated conduct of fire of a b3ttery.
Friday, July 12. Occupying position with a
battery, calculation of firing data and imulated conduct of fire_
Saturday, July 13. Occupying position with a
battery calculation of firing data and simulated conrluct of fire.
nnday, July 14.

In pection and adju tment of B. '. tel cope and rulers. Terrain ride.
.
Reeonnai' ance aotl selection of position, panoramic sketching of ector containing targets. Identification of targets.
Reconnaissance and selection of position, panoramic ketching of sector containing target.
Identiiication of target _
Reconnais ance sell' tion and occnpation of po ition, identification of targets and simnlate j fire of a battery. ( sing: actual batteries.)
Reconnai ance selection and occupation of po 'ition, iUentification of target and imulated fire of a battery. ( ing actual batteries.)
Reconnais"sance, selection and occupation of a position by a battalioll. Simulated condnct of fire by battel'ie in connection with fire direction by battalion commander. :\1ean of communication pertaining to battalion to be u I'd.

82

JUNIOR 'LA",

Mouday, July 15, Rcconnaissance, selection au]
occupation of Iosition by ba tteries and simuiateu conelnct of

TIre.



Tuesday, .July 16.

Reconnaissance anel selection anel occupation of position 1):'1 hatteries and simulateel conduct

of fire with frequcnt changes "f target.

'Werlnesday, July 17.
Observation of fire, (The fil'iug of the eniol' class will be obsen'e] aucl recorded on forms furnished, to be ('ompal'ed with range ofIic l' 's l'eport later in the day.)

'l'hurselay, .Ju!y 1 . Ob ermtion of fire.
Friclay, .Tu!" 19. Obsel',-ation of Dl'e.
Target practice. Bl'eaking caml).

SEXJOR LA S. Recounaissan e, selection and oc 'upation of positions by ba'terie" ",ith simulated fire using smoke bombs to represent bUl'sts, Reconnaissance sclection and occupation of po itions by batterie ' with simulatel! fire usi ul! smoke bombs to represent bUl't.
Target practice.
'l'm'get pmctice.
SatUl'day, Jul... 20.
Breaking camp.

A t the morninO" se.. ion.' lall officer. will be mOlUlted and will work over terrain at ucb cli, tance from eamI a. will require them to do . everal m31e,' of ridin o' each day. Each officer will habituFlll~'" carry hi mrq with him 'and in. tructors will cau e them to Lethe map a, opportunit.\ occur going to, during' and returning from the exerci es.
Hternoon will be devoted to lecture. critiques ,'pecial in truction in use of mean of communication, practice in giving commands, accurnte ndju. trnent of sight and qundl'ant , etc., nnd in tbe per,'onal in truction of individuals on point' relating to tlle morning work or on matter. which the~' mar inquire about.
MOlwted work "ill hegin at 7 :~O n. m. and terntinnte at 11. :30 n. m.

3

APPENDIX No.5
REPORT
Of THE
ADJUTANT GENERAL
STATE OF GEORGIA
1911.1912
SUBJECT:
Annual Reports of Organizations

QUARTERMASTER GE1~R.AL'S REPORT.
ATLA.NTA, Dec. 31st, 1912. THE ADJUTANT GENERAL,
State of Georgia, Atlanta, Ga.
SIR: In compliance with Regulations, I have the honor to submit the report of thi Department for the calendar years 1911 and 1912.
ORGANIZATION.
Previous to October 1 t, 1907, the office of Quartermaster General was purely an honorary part of The Governor's Military Staff but the General Assembly of that year, actina upon a recommendation of the War Department in order to more closely conform to the U. S. :Militia Act of 1903, provided for a Quartermaster General on active duty, with the rank of Brigadier General, and prescribed his duties generally. as hereafter referred to.
PERSONNEL.
The strength of thi Department now consi ts of one officer and one enlisted man, in addition to two officers serving by detail, and is a follows:
Colonel Wm. G. Obear, Inspector General, Atlanta, Ga., was on October 1st, 1907, commissioned as Quartermaster General, with rank of Brigadier General, and entered immediately upon the duties of the office. On August 7th, 1911, he was promoted to Adjutant General of the State but continues to serve as Acting Quarterma tel' General in addition to his other duty.
Major Milton J. Daniel, Griffin Ga. wa commi.sioned Dec. 30th, 1907, for duty as Chief Quartermaster, 1st Brigade, Infantry' wa promoted Colonel, Quarterma tel' 's Corp , March '13th 1912, and on Dec. 2nd, 1912, accepted a commission as Lieut. Colonel, 2nd Regiment, Infantry, but continues to serve by detail as Actina Chief Quartermaster, 1st Brigade.
1

Captain Jewell N. Bell, Griffin, Ga., was commissioned in the Department Dec. 2nd, 1910, and Quartermaster Sergeant H. T. Green, Griffin, Ga., was later enlisted.
There is attached, also, one civilian clerk and one laborer. Of the above only the Quartermaster General, civilian clerk and laborer are on active duty.
Each organization of the line also has its supply officer but the frequent changes thereof make it difficult to thorou<Yhly instruct the personnel. The need is felt for more careful selection of supply officers' and some method for their practical in truction provided, e pecially in view of the recent adverse comments of the War Department on the weakness of the Militia Supply Staff in general.
DUTIES PRESCRillED.
The Act of 1907 creating the office of Quartermaster General of the tate prescribed the following duties:
(1) He hall attend to the care, preservation, safe-keeping and repairin<Y of the arms, ordnance, and accoutrements, and all other military property belonging to this State, or issued to the State by the U. S. Government, and shall be respon ible therefor.
(2) He hall perform uch duties as pertain to the office of Quarterma tel' General as from time to time may be provided by the laws, rules and regulations made by the Government for the U. S. Army.
(3') He shall perform uch additional duties a may be prescribed by the Governor; and
(4) He hall prescribe the duties of all assistants in his Department.
In view of the fact that the State Regulations are silent on the duties in detair of the Quartermaster General and The Quartermaster's Corps, leaving them to be implied largely from United States Regulations which are often only partly applicable, it is beljeved that regulations should be promul<Yated pre-
2

scribing in detail the duty of the Quartermaster's Corp, which is now by U. S. law and regulations, charged with the Pay, Subsistence and Supply. of troops.
DUTIES PERFORMED.
Since the organization of this Department its efforts have been directed towards perfecting the records of the office; to issuing and receiving property; to providing tran portation for troops to State and U. S. encampments', and to preparing and auditing accounts in connection therewith.
Of the bonds for property transferred to this office there were but few which contained accurate accounts of the property with which the principal was chargeable and to ascertain the exact amount in each case it wa necessary to secure new bonds and receipts for such property a wa' actually on hand, which was thereafter carefully checked at the annual inspections, tbe surplus articl.es if any being required taken up and receipted for on account. ~\Jl bonds and receipts attached now how an accurate record of the accountability to the State.
LOST PROPERTY.
Since the Act of Congress, 1887, States are held to account to The Government for all military supplies' issued to them, and it is contemplated by thi . Act and the regulations made thereunder that a settlement be made annually for any loss or damaO'e, but it is not apparent that any effort in the past ha been made to meet this requirement. Persistent efforts have been made by me to ascertain the value and quantity of lost property for which the State is re ponsible to the Government and to arrange a settlement therefor. It now appears that the value of 10 t property to date is approximately $15,000.00, of which $6,000.00 has been replaced or paid for, leaving about $9,000.00 to be replaced or paid for, fund for which, I am ndvi ed, are being held in
3

reserve by The Adjutant General for this purpose. Collections on bonds have been demanded of
officers known to be responsible for 10 ses, in which tlie Inspector General has rendered most valuable assistance as will be shown in the table of settlement contained in reports of his annual in pection. , and there has been received from thi ource the following:

Cash, Nov. 1907 to Dec. 31, 1910 Cash in 1911 (Jash in 1912

$ 4,392.57 _ 3,124.12 _ 2,946.52

TotaL

$ 10,463.21

Of this amount, '10,297.26 haf> been tran ferred to The Adjutant General at variou time. and the remainder, $165.95, ha been di. bur ed by me to replace 10 t article or to refund to officers the value of article found by them which had been previou.ly paid for as lo~t all uch property beinO' aO'ain taken up on account.

PROPERTY Aceo NT.A:BILITY.

The sy tem of property accountability 1 now thorouO'hly establi hed, all company commanders and orO'anization quarterma ter beinO' required to file bond and to receipt for such property as i i ued to them or comes into their po es ion.
At each annual in pection a careful check i . made of the property and the officer's accountability and a settlement ecured for any loss or damage. The annual return which wa heretofore required will be di continued in future, in order to reduce to a minimum the clerical work exacted of organization commander , as the e annual ettlements at in peetion answer all purpo e of accountability.
The trict enforcement of the e reO'ulation ha resulted in quite a aving to the State' ha increa ed the efficiency of the organization, and has attracted favorable comment from the War Department. It

4

i beli ved that no tate in the South and but few in the nion excel Georgia in thi respect.
STATE ARSENAL.
The Qual'terma tel'" tore rooms or the "State l' enal" a it is called, i located in the ba ement of the apitol Building and con ists of eleven (11) adjoining rooms containing 3,000 cubic feet of storage space. These room are more or Ie unuitable for the purpose for which they are u ed, a they are not safe from unauthorized entry, have bad ventilation, and are not properly equipped for carino- for and handling the class of property contained therein. In addition to this the space is somewhat limited for the ordinary stock, and if the State is required to carr in tock a full amount of equipment to complete the upply of its organizations at war strength, more storage pace would be needed. A suitable store house should be provided fOT the Quarterma tel" Department, locat d, if po ible, convenient to the railroad. 0 facilitie are afforded in the AI' enal for any general repair to property, althouo'h it would b pos ible to repair a number of article' if additional labor and . orne minor facilities were available. Acce to the Capital ba ement has been re tricted in the past few years by cIo ing three of the four outlet, the remaining door being hardly large enough to permit the' entry of loaded wagons, cannon, etc. The closino- of these thre out of four door , and the erection of a number of frame partitions in the hallway as torage spa e for other departments, have, in my opinion increa ed greatly the fire risk to the AI' enal a . well a affecting its ventilation.
EQUIPME T FOR FIELD ERVI E.
There is much property yet needed to properly and fully equip the troop of this State for field
ervice, and it is recommended that all available
5

funds be devoted to this purpo e, pursuing a sy tematic course of supplies nntil the object is accomplished.
Due to frequent change of tyle, hade and material of clothing and equipment by the Government it has been impracticable to uniformly equip troops and to obviate this in future, as far as it can be done, it is recommended that when purchave are made of an article a full upply for the State be obtained at one time.
WAR FLAGs.
The flags carried by the State regiments in the Spanish-American War remain on hand in the Arsenal awaiting a proper receptacle for di playinO' th m in the corridors of the Capitol, in accordance with a recent Act of the General Assembly.
OBSOLETE CAN ON.
Surveys have been made on the ob olete cannon, State property, as authorized by recent act of the General Assembly, and they will be disposed of ror ornamental purposes, two formerly used by the Georgia Military Institute before and during the Civil War, being reserved for di play on the north steps to the CapitoL
OFFICE FORCE.
There is pre sing need for a tenographer for the exclusive use of the Quarterma tel' General and for another laborer in the Arsenal, who is competent to make minor repair and keep record , in order that the duties in detail devolving upon thi office may with the assistance of the pre ent force be properly discharged.
Respectfully, WM. G. OBEAH,
Acting Quarterma tel' General of Ga.
6

1~..P.FX TOR GE ERAL'S REPORT FOR 1911.
January 4th, 1912. THE ADJUTANT GE EBAL,
State of Georgia, Atlanta, Ga.
SIR: I have the honor to submit the following a my Annual Report, in compliance with paragraph 463, Georgia Regulation :
My time throughout the year, and except during the Annual Inspection from January 19th to April 24th, 1911, inclusive, and except from July 25th to Augu t 26th, while on leave of absence by authority of your office, ha been occupied in office duties more or less routine in character. The Annual In,pection occupied practically all of my time until June 1st (preparing for it, makina- it, and a-ettina- out report thereon), and there is no nece sity for further comment upon it a the result' were published in G. O.
0'. 1, 1911,'" from your office.
Otherwise my office duties (in addition to uch advice and a si tance a I have from time to time been called on to give your office) have largely been devoted to surveys of property found un erviceable
at the Annual Inspection ana unserviceable property
which had, for many ears, accumulated in the State renal. In addition urveys have been maile upon
some property lost by various organizations and the accumulated shortage of past years as hown by the di crepancies between quantities actually on hand in the State and the quantities called for by State accountability to the United States.
All urveys of shortage and of un erviceable property of organization have been acted upon and ettled, so far as this office i concerned. A very large part of the State hortaa-e ha been settled, but it is understood that a con<;iderable portion of the tate hortage in Ordnance property ha not as yet been settled, due to lack of State fund' for the
See Appendix No, 3 to Heport of Adjutant General.
7

purpo e. It i regarded as of prime importance that full ettlement of tbe balance of tbi sbortaO'e sbould be made at the earliest practicable moment, and that hereafter no hortage of any ort be permitted to remain un ettled at the close of the calendar year.
I did not attend any encampments during tbe year' due to tbe fact tbat each of uch encampments i attended by the U. S. Inspector-In tru tor and reported upon by bim, and to tbe furtber fact tbat he gives all tbe critici ms and instruction needed by tbe troops pre ent, it is not con idered u ce.. ary that tbe under igned sbould in future attend tbe e encampments, unle for tbe ole purpose of ob ervation and consequent O'rading in efficiency of the units participating.
From all information wbich has reached thi. office, directly or throuO'b your office, it appeal'. to the undersigned that 1911 ba been tbe mo t !'mcce _ful year, in regard to the progress made in effici n . , known to him. All pre.'cribed dntie appear to have been more intelliO'ently performed and with hetter effort on the part of all concerned; report, return and corre pondence generally, h3"\"e been more prompt and accurate, and di. cipline ha improved as bown by the general effort to comply with order and in tructions exactly and without argnment or que tion.
So far a may be jud ed from matter uhmitted for urvey, tbe 10 .e in property since lao tIn. 11 ction have been smaller tban u nal, and the organization commander are learninO' to re ognize much more clearly tbe di tinction between avoidHhle and unavoidable los e and to further recog-nize the justice of tbe former heinO' . ettled for by the 01'0'<1nization in tead of being thrown upon the tate. Tn O"eneral, it i believed tbat better care i. beinD' tnken of all property though there i naturally H con. tant deterioration of tbe rifle " partially due to ontinued u e but more larO"ely due to ignorance or carele.. n .. in keeping tbem clean Hnd free from rn. t.
8

Perhaps the most noteworthy change during 1911 has been the consolidation of the offices of Adjutant and Quartermaster General, with the resulting con.'equences. Each year, heretofore, the undersigned ha been forced to renew recommendations for additional clerical assistance in each of these department in order that the duties might be properly performed, and to deplore the apparent inability of the e departments to fully agree and co-operate in dealing with the organizations of the Guard. Due to the saving of the salary of the Quartermaster General under the present system it has now become po 'sible to obtain the needed clerical assistance, and competent men have been found to occupy the place . With all the administration concentrated under one head and energetic and competent clerks in charge of the various lines of work better systems of accounting, of filing records, of checking them and obtaining greater accuracy, are. already noticed, a well as much better knowledge of and care for the property stored in the Arsenal. In view of the recent change to the present ystem, remarkable progress has been made toward a much more ideal condition of affair in the conduct of the e important office which control all other unit of the Guard, and instead of their being, as heretofore, below the average tandard of efficiency of the State they are now believed to be fully up to standard, and should soon be beyond the necessity for any ju t critici m at lea t as to matter within their controL Thi has been 0 di tinctly a step forward and 0 emphatically for the good of the ervice, that any change backward, to th former y tern, would be deplorable to the greate t degree.
It i ao-ain neces ary to call attention to the fact that the tate appropriation for maintenance of the ]\ational Guard i entirely inadequate, and should be largely increa ed. It is easily susceptible of onvincino- proof that practically all organizations are till called upon to meet from private funds
9

many expenses which should be justly borne by the

State as they are wholly military; funds needed for

social purpo es may safely be left to the car of the

organization them 'elves as at present, but no or-

ganization should be left to raise fund to meet it

purely military expenses as is now the genera] ca e.

While there is believed to be continued proO're s

toward efficiency, it is believed that this i ' almo t

wholly on the part of the commis ioned per onnel

together with some part of the non-commi ioned

personnel. The changes in the enlisted strength are

still too large and frequent, and it appear to be

increasingly hard to procure enlistments except

under temporary stress of local enthu ia, m. There

is a minimum of incentive to re-enlistment or even

to enli tment at all, while the requirement of the

Division of Militia ffair cannot be at all generally

met in this State without a much higher average

enlistment, in nearly all of our organizations', than

now exists. A memorandum has already been ub-

mitted to your office by the undersigned in which is

embodied the only means he has been able to devise

which will, it i believed, obtain the interest and

assistance of all in bringing the enlisted trenO'th

of all organizations to their leO'al minimum. It is

certain that all pos ible effort should be devoted to

accompli bing this end, and by all members of the

Guard.

It is also recommended that all possible effort be

made to procure and at as' early a date a po ible

the detail of a sufficient number of U. S. Inspector-

Instructors for the State to enable all organizations

to be under their supervision and instruction at the

arne time instead of in ucces ion as is now the case

with the infantry.

_

It is also recommended that a clerk (steno!!Tapher

and typewriter) be furnished for the office of the

Inspector General, and that provision be made to

enable this clerk to accompany the Inspector-

throughout the Annual In. 'Pection; the work requir-

10

-ed of the State In pector is already too great to permit of his doing his own clerical work during the in pection as well as in hi office, and the nece ity j constantly increasing with the greater amount of work thrown upon this office due to greater effort toward general efficiency. At present all clerical work must either be done by the Inspector General bim elf or he mu t depend upon thru tinO' it upon the clerical force in your office, which i already fully occupied with nece ary busine .
Finally, previou recommendation' are renewed that all possible effort should be made to encourage commi sioned officers to remain a long a po sible in commission, with a view to retaininO' competent instructors', without which no military organization can be much of a success as regards efficiency.
Re pectfully, F. L. PALMER,
Major and In pector General, . G. Ga. fajor U. . Army, Retired.
I SPECTOR GE ERAL' REPORT FOR 1912.
Atlanta, Ga., January 2d, 1913. From: The Inspector General, . G. Ga. To: The Adjutant General, State of GeorO'ia. Subject: Annual Report, required by Par. 463, G. R.
1. My time for the year 1912, wa occupied a. follows: Jan. 1 to J nne 1, in preparinO' for making and making report on, the annual in pection of all troops of the State; the remainder of the year wa occupied in office duties of general character, except for a visit to the encampment at Anniston, Ala., to in pect tentao'e, and a leave of absence of one week in ugust, due to the death of my wife's father.
2. As a full report of all matters pertaining to the troops wa made (and printed) immediately followinO" the in pection, it i not regarded as' necessary
ee Appendix '0, 3 to Report ot Adjutant General.
11

to now add thereto except 0 far as to 'ay tbat, from

what information has since reached thi offi . it j

believed that proper progress ha been made toward

correcting many of the matter there criti i.ed.

3. Surveys of all property found un erviceable at

inspection were dilly made, though con id rable

delay wa neces ary to allow for delayed hipment

by some commander , and further to include the

tentage found un erviceable at the camp in peetion

already referred to.

all of the 'e urv y wer

submitted to or through your office, no further ref-

erence to them seem nece sary here.

4. .All hortages of property of the tate (differ-

ences between amounts on U. S. accountability and

amounts actually on hand) have been a curately

ascertained; due to shortage of funds, however, the

ordnance shortage haS' not been settled a y t, a I

understand. This is a matter which should be et-

tl d at the earliest possible moment and while th

fund' are available (as it is understood they now

are), for the credit of the State a well a in order

that the reports showing them to be on hand may be

correct in future.

5. t the last session of the State Legislature,

certain acts were passed which were badly needed

for the improvement of the guard and its u e in

emergency in thi State, practically all of which met

the approval of the Governor and became law ac-

cordinO'ly. It is con idered regretable that he failed

to see the wisdom of and to approve the act con-

solidating the offices of Adjutant and Quarterma tel'

General one of the most needed reforms in the

military admini tration of this State, and the cau e

of more adver e criticism from this office in the past

than all other caus'es combined, as it was really the

cause of all the others.

6. In the Annual Report from this office for 1911,

the following langua e wa used: "Perhap the mo t

noteworthy chan~e during 1911 has been the consoli-

dation of the offices of the djutant and Quarter-

12

ma ter-General, with the resulting consequences. Each year, heretofore, the undersigned ha been forced to renew recommendations for additional clerical assistance in each of these depp,rtments in order that the duties might be properly performed, and to deplore the apparent inability of those departments to fully agree and co-operate in dealing with the organizations' of the Guard. Due to the saving of the salary of the Quartermaster General under the present sy tem, it has now become possible to obtain the needed clerical assistance, and competent men have been found to occupy the places. With all the administration concentrated under one head, and energetic and competent clerks in charge of the variouS' lines of work, better systems of accounting, of filing of records, of checking them and obtaining greater accuracy, are already noticed, as well as much better knowledge of and care for the property stored in the Arsenal. In view of the recent change to the present system, remarkable pro-
re has been made toward a much more ideal condition of affairs in the conduct of these important office which control all other units of the Guard, and in tead of their being, as heretofore, below the average tandard of efficiency of the State, they are now believed to be fully up to the standard, and should soon be beyond the nece sity for any just criticism, at lea t as to matters within their control. This has been so di tinctly a step forward and so emphatically for the o-ood of the service, that any change backward, to the former y tem, would be deplorable tothe o-reatest degree."
year's added experience has but rendered these r~marks more just and confirmed the undersigned in the opinion above expressed.
7. It was als'o recommended, in the above report, that a clerk ( tenoo-rapher and typewriter) be furni hed for the office of the in pector General, and that provision be made to enable this clerk to accompany the Inspector General throughout the Annual
13

Inspection. This recommendation is hereby emphatically renewed, as the services asked for are more and more urgently needed each year. It may also be noted that, since the establishment of the office of the' Infantry Inspector-Instructor in that of the Inspector General, the services of this clerk are of still greater necessity to enable him to help out in the conduct of the Correspondence School records and save interruption of the clerical force of the Adjutant General to the detriment of the efficiency of his office.
8. In view of public rumor of the possible revival of the office of Quartermaster General, taken together with the perennial insufficiency of State appropriations, it is recommended that arrangements be made so that, if a Quartermaster General is again appointed, his salary may be arranged for as an increase to the present amount of the appropriation, so that it may not be neces'sary to reduce the present clerical force from financial considerations. It is further recommended that, in case of this appointment, the Quartermaster General be required, in future and in addition to the duties imposed upon him by existing law, to perform, under the supervision of the Adjutant General, the duties of State DisbursinO' Officer and keeper of the Military Records. This would provide the Quarterma tel' General with office room, and would effect a saving in expense which could then be used to carry out the recommendation (7 ante) for a clerk for the Inspector General and without appreciable increase of expense beyond that of the salary of the Quartermaster General himself. It would also effect a saving of about $600.00 a year, now paid to the Dis'bursing Officer, besides brinO'inO' the performance of this work to Atlanta where it could be performed in more immediate co-operation with that of the Adjutant General.
9. It is further recommended that steps be taken to estahlish a : yst~m of enlistment for the Guard of
14

this State to correspond with that now in fOl'ce in the Regular Army of the United States.
10. Previous recommendations' are hereby renewed that all possible effort be made to encourage commissioned officers to remain as long as possible in commission, with a view to retaining competent instructors without which no military organization can be made of great efficiency.
11. It is again recommended that every possible effort be made to procure increased military appropriation for the Guard, as nearly all of its principal deficiencies are now due, more or Ie s directly to the lack of sufficient funds.
F. L. PALMER,
REPORT OF ~GE ADVOCATE GENERAL 1912.
JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERAL'S DEPARTMENT,
NATIONAL GUARD OF GEORGIA,
Atlanta, Ga., Jan. 1, 1913.
From: Major Claude C. Smith, Judge Advocate, N. G. Ga.
To: The Adjutant General, State of Georgia. Subject: ANNUAL REPORT.
The most important matters before this department during the year 1912, were the new laws passed at the 1912 s'ession of the Legislature and the Augusta Riot cases.
Two of these new laws were of great importance to the National Guard. One took from the various sheriffs, mayors, City and Superior Court Judges, the authority to call out troops in their respective juri dictions at their own discretion and restricted this great power in the Governor only. The other important law placed the troops at all times directly under the order of the Governor when ordered out to preserve the peace. These laws were drafted by the Judge Advocate at the request of the National Guard Association of Georgia. The purpose of the
15

first, was to take away from more than one hundred State officials, the authority to call 'out troops and to restrict this authority to the Governor alone. It
had become customary for certain officials to call out troops upon trivial occasions. One Georgia sheriff during 1912, had the riot alarm sounded, summoning troops to their armory for duty, to be performed
under his orders, when it was reported to him that an escaped convict was supposed to be hiding in a house some miles from town. Some officials seemed to regard military companies as supernumeraries of the police force. The ordering out of troops is' a matter of gravest importance and often fraught with danger, both to the troops ordered out and to the people among whom they are sent. This great power to order out troops, should rest with the Governor alone and in my opinion, this law will largely curtail, if not almost eliminate, calling out troops.
The second law referred to, is equally as important as the first. Heretofore troops were usually under the direct orders of the civil officials mention,ed above. The Governor, being commanded by the Constitution and the laws of the State to preserve the peace, is made by law the Commander in Chief of the military forces -of the State and under no condition, should this authority be delegated to any other State official. When the civil authorities utterly fail to preserve the peace and such a state of anarchy and in urrection obtains in any community that necessitates the Governor taking charge of such community, through the use of troops, he should remain in charge of the ituation until order is restored and the civil authorities can resume their duties.
Neither of these laws' add anything whatsoever to the power heretofore vested in the Governor but they do take away fr.om a large number of per ons the authority to call out and command troops. The
16

xpl'ess purpose of these laws, is to limit the calling out of troops to cases of actual neces'sity.
The Judge Advocate was ordered to Augusta the latter part of September to prepare charges against and prosecute before a Court Martial, certain officers and enlisted men, who were on duty in Augusta during the strike of the street car employees. ChargeS' of murder were preferred against two officers and seven enlisted men, for the shooting by the troops then on duty, of three civilians. Every effort was made by the Judge Advocate to :find out and present to the Court all the facts that might throw light on the killing. An advertisement was placed in the ugusta Herald, requesting all personS' who desired to assist in the prosecution or who had charges to prefer, to meet the Judge Advocate at the hotel and as ist in the preparation of the cases. About thirty men responded and the names of a large number of witnesses were thus obtained. Several of the relatives of the men who were killed were pre ent and were informed that the Judge Advocate would gladly have any attorney or attorneys that they mio-ht employ, join with him in the pro ecution. Every effort wa made to bring out the facts in these cases and a full hearing of all material evidence that could be obtained, was had by the Court. The :finding of the Court in the e trials, has already been made public through order from your office.
In conclusion, I desire to strono-Iy urge that you recommend to tbe Governor and to the Leo-islature, the pas age of a law, authorizing . ummary u pen.sion of a heriff by the Governor. From my experience of more than ten year in the Jational Guard, I am convinced that nece ity for ordering out troop for riot call , would be almost entirely done away with, if the beriff of the. county, in which the trouble is located knew that his tenure of office depended upon prompt exercise of his authority. Too frequently, the heriff is unwilling to vigorously
17

oppo e a threatened riot, either because he is in ;,'ympathy with the rioters or fear that a vigorous exerci e of his authority, will cost him votes at the next election. Several minor opinions have been o-iven which it i unnecessary to detail here.
CLAUDE C. SMITH,
Major and Judge Advocate, N. G. Ga.
SMALL RM] IRING REPORT, 1912.
HIEF INSPECTOR OF MALL ARM PRACTICE, . G. GA. Atlanta, January 1, 1913.
From: The Acting hief In p ctor Small rms Practice, Atlanta.
To: Adjutant General of Georgia. Subje t: ANNUAL REPORT.
1. In compliance with Paragraph 463 Ga. Regulations, as amended, I submit herewith, this, the Annual Report of the cting hief In peetor mall Arm' Practice for the year 1912.
2. This office was made vacant on June 20, 1912, by the death of Major Mack E. Laird, of the Ordnance Department and the under igned a umed the duties June 24, 1912, being detailed S. O. 122, Par. 2, ~ djutant General's Office.
3. It i the understanding of the under igned that the grade of hief Inspector is not authorized and no effort ha been made to do anything other than to keep uch record a are nece ary to accurately show the work done by the troop in the ational Guard and to check firing report and i ue required in ignia and certificate.
4. This ha been what might be called an "off" year in Rifle Firino- due laro-ely to the fact that no _ ational nor tate matche have been held. 0 competitive hoots, except the ordinary organization competition were held and no reports made to thi office.
18

A selected team consisting of eight men, one alternate and a team captain entered tlie annual shoot of the Southern Interstate Rifle Association, held in Birmingham, Ala., Nov. 27-28.
A very creditable showing was made by the team, it coming a close second to the winner, Alabama, and with any team practice prior to the match there is every reason to believe that Georgia would have been an easy winner. Some remarkable individual shooting was done.
General Wm. G. Obear captained the team and will, doubtless :file a report.
5. The following tables will show in detail the firing of the various units, firing done under Special Course "C" as prescribed in the Provisional Small ~'\.rms Manual, 1909, as amended by Oil'. 4, D. M. A., 1912:
19

COMPANY. II

F. & 8 Co. A

_ KR.

~D==============_

1
I

8
::

o~

EF

__ ..

G II

_I 23

L _____________ 7

!{

I 10

L______________ 5

M

,G

Totals

i 59

-n _ 'OT INFANTRY.

I

I

I I i Marks.c.l '2 ,I. 301.1I 4_'_1.

I fTuomta.l.
1_1_ i

F. M.

'- Remarks.

I

1

_.

52.17

I 2

--

__

__ I

. . . . : : . . , ..

8

----- \ Range not com----- J plete.

:: ' : ; 2 2

..

-6~ 55 }

No range. Range not com-

.1 .I . . : : I :: I ._._ I ..

plete. No range. No range.

4

18

__

14

-2

I 2

2

__

1

__ --

49 24

83.93 39 .00

No range.

__

17

1

__

__

__

28

48.52

__

11

2

__

4

1

23

31.15

__

20

3

2

1

__

32

49.18

4

I I 83 I 11 I 7

10 I 1

175 Regt. F. M.22.45

--
COMPANY.

-

---

2ND INFANTRY.

~---I

-

!

Total F. M.

Remarks.

I E. R. S. S. Marks. 1 d.

2 01.

3 c1.

l''iring. 4 cl.

I

F. &S_____________

Co. A______________ B ______________

C ______________

D _____________

E______________

t-:> f-L

F______________
G _____________

H _____________

I ______________

I{ _____________ L ______________

M _____________

6

3

--

--

I 27

.1

1
--

-1

6

1

8

2

--

11

--

--

2

-- --

15 26 22
2 15 21
21 2 50 17 5

-
5
-
1 17 25 6
3
--
6
--

7
-
2 21 11
4
4 2
5 1

2
1 14
--
6
8 6
5 2

-----

9 29
54 27

45.65 34.75 97.54 40.66

--------
--

55 51

40.16 56.39

I

I 44

58.52

I

No range.

46

61.97

10

6.56

61

103.60 *

--

35

42.29

--

8

9.50

Totals _________

59 I 10

96

---

*Third Honors National Defense Trophy.

63

I 57

44

---

I

--

I 429 Regt. F. M.45.99
---

COMPANY.

5TH INFANTRY.

~ E. R.

Marks. 1. cl.

2 cl.

3 cl.

Total Firing. F.M. 4 cl.

Remarks.

F. &S _____________
Co. A _____________ B _____________

9 11

~ ~

C _____________ D _____________ E ______________
F ______________ G_____________

8 14 2
1

H _____________
1_ . ____________ K _____________ L _____________

3 1 2
13

4
4 3 --
-- --
'1
--
--

6 48
20
30 21
17 15 20
14 21
13 32

2
8 3
3
5 10 8 2 4

--
6 3
3 2 4 11 1 7 2

--
5 5
2 10
--
11 3 4 1

--
--
--
--
--
-----
----

17

78.26

63

104.13 *

39

46.23

53

78.69

38

67.37

27

37.38

28

31.14

29

40.33

49

49.50

35

47.77

28

33.11

52

83.61

1\1 - ---------

11

--

26

4

6

7

--

54

74.42

Tot.als _________ 75 ---

I 12 283

49

45

48

--

512

Regt. F. M.58.70

*2nd Honors National Defense Trophy.

3RD BA'l'r. rnI'AN'l'RY.

Total

COMPANY.

I I I E. R. S. S. Marks. 1. c1. 2 e1. 3 rl.

Firing. F.M. 4 e1.

Rpmarks.

F. &S _____________
Co. E ______________

--

F _____________

--
--

--
1

72 4

2 --

~~- ~~~===========I

--
--

--

-

--
--

Totals _________

-- I

2

3
-----
3

-

--

~~~::::~ -
2 --

-

--

I -..-

77
,7

I I 96.62 * 9.01 No range.

I -- 2

84

Batt. F. M. 32.09

-_._- --

---

*First Honors National Defense Trophy.

~

-

--- -

~

. - - - - [ 2ND SQ ADRON CA VALRY.

I

I-

Total

TROOP.

F. & S

_

Tr. A

_

B

_

FK-==~==========

L

_

Totals

_

--- - ---_.-

E.R. ! S. s.

2

18

2

21

41

2

I J ,M-"k,. ' 1 e1. 2 e1.

1

1

I 221441

3 4

5 3

--

--

--

--

--

--

H 32

1

68

9

3 e1. 4
---
-1 5

Firing. F.M. 4 el.

Remarks.

--
---
--
--

4 54 20
---

80.00 82.29
27.54
--- ------

!Rloaoteeivfoordelatososi-

fieation.

--

56

95.74 Range not com-

pleted.

--

134 Sqdr. F. M.52.69

CONSOLIDATED REPORT OF Rifle Firing, Special Course "C", State of Georgia, 1912.


. Org.

G. S. & S. D __________________ 1InI_________________________
2InL ________________________ 3 Batt. InL __________________ 5InL ________________________ 2 Sq. Cay ____________________

~

Totals ___________________

-

- --

237 E. ll.

29 S. S.

706 Mns.

134 1 c.

121 2 c.

109 3 c.

1 4 c.

E.ll.
59 59
75 41
237
120 110 100 60 40
20o

1337

*Troop A aLlacbed.

S. S. Marks. 1 c.

2 c.

3 c.

-

4

83

11

7

10

10

196

63

57

44

1

76

2

3

2

12

283

49

45

48

2

68

9

9

5

29

706

134

121

109

Total 4 c. Firing.

3

1 175

-- 429

--

84

--

512

-- 134

1 1337

Authorized Minimum.
16 755 755 249 755 310*
2840

28440 3190
70600 8040 4840
2180o
117290

117290 divided by 2840 gives 41.30 m. State F. M. Course "C" is 41.30.

The following table will show the Revolver qualification by organization.

ORGANIZATION. -----Brigade and Staff Depts ___ 1st Infantry______________ 2nd Infantry ________ ____ 5th Infantry _____________ 3rd Batt. Infantry ________ 2nd Sq. Cavalry __________ Field Artillery-
Batt. A______________ Batt. B ______________
Totam _______________

R. E.
3
--
9 16 -7
7 5
47

R.S.
---
1 1 -2
9 7
20

I R.M.

I

--

--

I1 2

--

--

27 14

44
I

RECOMMENDATIONS:-
It is recommended that every possible encouragement be given this very important branch of our work; that, if funds are available, every station be given a suitable range.
That active preparation for the ational Shoot be commenced at the earliest practicable date in order that a team may be selected and get in a great deal of the one necessary thing for a winner, team practice. No suggestions are made as to the best manner in which to do this matter but I desire to say that this state ha a plendirl set of A istant Inspectors who will render every assistance and it is recommended that they be consulted for opinion and sugges ion.
F. :M. COCHRAN, Capt. and Adj., 5th Infantry, N. G. Ga. Acting Chief In pecto. mall Arm Practice.

FIRST BRIGADE AN UAL REPORT, 1911.

Atlanta, Ga., Jany. 17th, 1912. "l~o: The Adjutant General, State of Georgia,
Atlanta, Georgia.

Sir: In obedience to the provisions of paragraphs 463

.and 464, Georgia regulations for the National Guard of Georgia, I beg leave to submit the following re-

port for the year ending December 31st, 1911:

REPORT.
The Fir t Brigade, ational Guard of Georgia, as' a unit, had no camp service and no operations during

that year, and I have therefore no detailed report to

make.

RECOMMENDATIONS.

I beg leave to repeat the recommendation con-

tained in my last annual report, in substance as

follows:

nder the present regulations governing the National Guard of Georgia, the commanding officer of the First Brigade is not in close touch with the orO'anizations under his command, and while it is

appreciated that brigade administration in the ordinary meaning of the term is not practicable because

both cumber orne and expensive, I respectfully sug'est that orne change in the administration should, be made so as to enable the Brigade Commander to keep more intimately in touch with the organizations under hi command. My recommendations upon that line are:
1. That the orO'anization attached to hi command be required to file copie of all general orders i._sued with Brigade Headquarters.
2. That all movement of troops forming a part

of the Fir t BriO'ade, or attached thereto, be made through the Brigade Headquarters except in cases (if g-reat emergency. Re pectfully ubmitted,

CLIFFORD L. ANDERSON, Brigadier-General, CommandingFir t BriO'ade ational Guard of Gfl.

26

FIRST BRIGADE ANNUAL REPORT, 1912.

Macon, Ga., January 10, 1913.

From: Commanding General 1 t Brigade, . G. Ga.

To: The Adjutant General, State of Georgia.

Subject: AN~ UAL REPORT.

1. I accepted commission a Brigadier General

on November 4, 1912.

During the short time that I have been in command of the brigade it has not been po sible to or-

ganize my staff. The officerS' recommended by me

have not yet received their commissions. Owing to

the lack of organization and the short period of time during which I have been in command of the Bri-

gade, I have little to report.

2. Under our regulations, in time of peace the

Brigadier General has little opportunity to exerci e

any command or any real supervision of the troops.

His report mu t nece sarily be limited to uch recom-

mendation a may be ugge ted by hi pers'onal

observation.

3. I recommend that the first aid packaO"es, which

I understand are in the ar ena] be i ued to the companie . It i impo ible to foretell at what time

they may be needed. They might be kept by the

Company Commander , but the ompany Comman-

der hould be allowed each year to give hi men

in truction in the u e of the e package, and to obtain enouo'h of them for thi . purpo. e.

4. I recommend that intrenchinO" tool be i ued to troop.. I think the practical value of maneuvers j con. id rably]e ened when the men do not have an opportunity to learn the u e of this important

part of their equipment for the field.

5. The problem of hoe should be worked out.

and orne method found to . upp]y a marchinO" shoe

to the men. march.

at pre ent equipped, our men cannot

6. It i my opinion that the State hould adopt

the policy of endinO" all the troop to camp each

27

year, regardless of whatever else may be done. If an offioers' school is held this year, I hope that it will not interfere with camp duty for the men. Practical instruction during the week or ten days' in camp amount to more than all that can be given in the armories during the year; and it must not be forgotten that with a great many organizations the promise of an encampment is the only thing, except rifle shootino-, that can be used to induce enlistments.
WALTER A. HARRIS, Brigadier General N. G. Ga.
HIEF QUARTERMASTER FffiST BRIGADE
A NUAL REPORT, 1912.
Griffin, Ga., Jan. 4, 1913. The Adjutant General, State of Georgia,
Atlanta, Ga.
11' :
In accordance with relrulation I have the honor to ubmit the following report:
The regular routine of i suing and receivinoproperty to and from the Staff Officer' of the Brio'ade has been promptly handled through thi office, i ue_ beino- made from the Arsenal covered by duplicate memorandum receipts tran mitted to and on file in my office.
nder General Order o. 7 . G. O. I participat d in the amp of in truction at Anni ton, Ala., July 15 to 25, 1912, being detailed, in addition to m other duties, a Chief of Staff to the Commanding General. Very little work in my department was nece 'ary, but the dutie. of Chief of Staff l' quired c]o e application. In addition the pay 1'0]] of the Brio'ade Staff, and Field and Staff and Band 5th Infantry were prepared and paid in my capacity aR United tate Di~bur ing Officer.
1 am of the opinion that the Camp ite at Anni ton is much superior to that at Chickamauga, entirely
28

.as accessible, healthy, and supplied with an abundance of pure water, which seems to be impossible at Chickamauga.
The 'Regimental and Battalion Quartermasters performed well their duties, it being my pleasure to have been in close touch with them, giving them the benefit of my experience whenever possible.
The movement into camp was very well handled by the Railroad , but some delay was experienced in getting the trains tarted returning. In future I would recommend that the officers coach be not placed in the train between the baggage cars and thos'e assigned to the enlisted men.
Very respectfully, M. J. DANIELS,
Lt. Col. 2d Infy. . G. Ga., Disbur inoo Officer. ct. . Q. if. 1 t Brig.
FIR T I JFA JTRY J J AL REPORT 1911.
Savannah, Ga., January 2 tb, 1912.
.djutant General of Georgia tlanta, Georooia.
Sir:
I have the honor to submit the following report of the work of the first Regiment of Infantry, ..... G. of Ga., for year ending December 31st, 191].
W kly drill were generally held throuoohout the year.
Battalion drills were held monthly, .Tanuary to June inclu ive by the six companie ~ tl'ltioned at 'avannah.
On January 19th, 1911, Field Staff and I on-commi, sioned taff, Companie.' D, H, I, K, Land M. participated in a joint parade in bonor of the birthday of General Robert E. Lee, concludinoo with an eveninoo parade.
Sergeant Joseph P. Doyle of Company "L" (Iri h J a per Gre n ) wa the ucoo. ful conte taut
~

in the Regimental Individual Drill participated in by squads from companies D, G, H. 1. K. Land M on January 26th.
On February 22nd, a Blue force under Major Geo. H. Richter consisting of Companies D, H and I and one ection Battery A Field Artillery marched from Isle of Hope via. LaRoche Avenue and came in contact near the German Club with a Brown force under Major C. H. Richardson, consisting of Companies K, Land M and one section of Battery A Field Artillery, an engagement followed, the umpires, Lt. Col. J. G. Butler, Capt. H. C. Williams, 2nd U. S. Field ..A!rtillery, and Capt. R. J. Davant, Battery A Field Artillery, N. G. Ga., ruled the engagement a draw, each battalion marched about twelve miles.
On November 28th and 30th, the First Infantry joined with the other commands' in Savannah in patrolling the Automobile Course, furnishing on the 28th, 24 officers, 188 men of a total of 42 officers, 351 men and 26 offcers, 169 men of a total of 45 officers, 314 men on the 30th.
A weekly school of instruction for officers covering map reading, minor tactics and field service regulations was held January to June inclusive.
Acknowledgement is made of our indebtednes's to Capt. H. C. Williams for his attendance and direction of this school.
With the exception of the montbs of July, August and September a weekly school of instruction of non-commissioned officers has been held. I desire to commend the excellent work during the year of Sergeant J. H. Shearhouse of Company I, 1st. Inf. N. G. of Ga.
Interest has been well maintained in the School of Instruction directed by Inspector Instructor Capt. Americus Mitchell, 5th U. S. Inf.
General Orders covering dates and scope have been issued.
In the pring of 1911, it was tentatively deterrnin-
~()

ed to camp the 1st, 2nd and 5th Inf. for on we k each on Rose Dhu Rifle Range, commencing July 1st., in the order named above; on June 1st it became known that there would be a change in the head of the Military Dept. and doubt arose as to the foregoing plan being made effective; on June 15th not having any orders relative to the camp and fearing that the hort notice would militate against a full attendance, I requested a postponement of the regiment's encampment until November, which was granted; as the cotton season advanced, it developed that serious inconvenience and loss would be occasioned a large number of the officers and men of the regiment if they were required to go into camp in Jovember. As the companies had applied them elves thoroughly to Rifle Practice during the summer, earning a figure of merit of 48.27 (the principal part of the work of the organizations that did go into camp being Rifle Practice), I deemed it advi able to reque t that the reO"iment be excused of the tour of duty in amp which wa approved by the Governor.

The work of the Regiment with the exception of Companie Band D has been very sati factory.

During the year 1911 we have gained:

BenE. tments
By re-enli tments By tran fer

146
97 1 244

Lo -

Expiration of service

113

By Order

201

Death

1

Disability

1

Promotion --__________________________ 1 317

et 10

73

The Regiment on December 31st, 1911, con isted

31

of Field, Staff Band and 12 Companies, a total of 46 officers, 531 men making a grand total of 577.
Respectfully submitted, M. J. 0 'LEARY,
Colonel 1 t Inf. N. G. of Ga.
FIRST INFA ~TRY REPORT, 1912.
Savannah,. Ga., January 21st, 1913. From: Colonel M. J. 0 'Leary 1st Inf. . G. of Ga. To: The Adjutant General of Georgia. Subject: REPORT FOR 1912.
1. The following report is' submitted pursuant to Georgia Regulations Paragraph 463.
2. With the exception of the months of August and September weekly drills were generally held by the companies of this regiment. Six battalion drills were held by the companies stationed at Savannah. Field Staff and on-commi sioned Staff Companies D, H, 1. K. Land M participated in joint parade January 19th, 1912, to commemorate the birthday of General Robert E. Lee.
3. Owing to differences between the '" uO'usta Street Railway Co., and its employeeS', the ai.d of the State was called for by the Mayor, and City of Augusta was placed under qualified Martial Law by the Governor, Companies A, B, D and E, under command of Major Levy, were on duty September 27th, to October 21st. I made two trips to Augusta, September 27 to 29th, and October 11th to 18th, inclusive and was in conference with the Mediation Board; an amicable adjustment of the differences of the Street Railway Company and its employee wa agreed upon near midniO'ht of October 17th 1912.
4. The following chanO'e occurred -during the year; Companies A Thomasville, B Valdosta, D Savannah, F Waycross were mustered out of the ervice of the State, their place being filled by the tran fer of three companies in Augusta and one in Athen .
32

During the year we gained by: Enlistments

Re-enlistments

TI'ansfers

-

177 , 162 , 223

Total ~---------------------------.

562

Loss during the year: By order Retired

, 220 1

Died

~

~_

6

Transfer

1

Total

487

Net gain of

75

The regiment on Dec. 31st, 1912, consisted of Field, Staff Band and twelve Companies, 48 officers and 604 men, making a grand total of 652.
M. J. O'LEARY.

SECOND INFANTRY ANNUAL RE~ORT, 1911.
Macon, Ga., January 8, 1912. The Adjutant General,
State of Georgia, Atlanta, Ga.
Sir: As Commanding Officer of the 2nd. Regiment of
Infantry, National Guard of Georgia, I have the honor to submit my annual report for the calendar year ending December 31, 1911.
INSTRUCTION.
The Companies of this Regiment being widely scattered, instruction is necessarily largely a matter for the attention of the Commanding Officer at each station.
A correspondence school for the officers was formerly instituted, but abandoned because no practic-
33

able way wa known to secure prompt answer from the officer .
The officer ' school in facon meet one a week and much intere t i taken in the tudy of map reading and map problems.
The instruction in camp in all but rifle practice and guard duty and camp sanitation wa very meager on account of the conditions urrounding the Regiment, which I explained in special report of that tour of duty herewith submitted.
CAMP.
The Regiment went into camp at Rose Dhu Rifle Range near avannah, July 8 to 15th. I attach hereto separate report of this tour of duty.""
RIFLE PRACTICE
The improvement in rifle practice ha been marked. In fact, the advance in this regard is not fully hown by the figures of merit of the units of the Regiment. It must be realized that Companie D, G, I, K and M have no ranges available at present. Many of the e men never fired their rifles prior to thi year.
The Assi tant In pector of Rifle Practice i enthu iastic and is greatly intere ted and communicate much of his enthu ia m throuO"hout the Regiment.
Now that a range ha been bought at Augu ta, it is confidently believed that great progre will be hown next year in rifle practice.
The :fifth annual competition of the Regiment was held at Holton eptember 15th. Thirteen team participated.
Company H again won the Regimental Trophy. This Company al 0 won the Individual ChampionQhip through erO"eant W. S. Hale, the Individual Skirmish Match through SerO"eant W. S. Hale, the R. . fatch through Private D. L. Hale, and the
ee Appendix TO. 4. report of Adjutant General.
34

Novice Match through Private D. L. Hale. Oompany F, through Oaptain W. P. Wheeler, won
the Rapid Fire Match.
ACTIVE SERVICE.
So far a reported to the Headqual'ters of this Regiment, none of the troops have been called into active 'ervice during the year.
GENERAL REMARKS.
The Regiment now consists of the twelve Oompanies, Band and Hospital Oorps. With the exception of one Oompany" it is believed that they are all fairly efficient. The Oompany referred to, Oompany 0, is not in good condition, as it has only two officers and they are unable to give proper attention to the Oompany.
The writer, with the other field officers at Macon, ha personally endeavored to raise the standard of this Oompany. It is my belief that the material for a good company can be obtained, and the only pro'blem i one of securing officers who can give the time and attention and intelligent interest to the work of rendering this Oompany efficient. In its pre ent tate I should now recommend that it be mustered out, but it is an old O<>mpany and there is O'reat need of it here in Macont and for that reason it i my desire to make a further effort to impr'ove jt before final action is taken.
It ought, however, to be put on pI\obation immediately, in order that it may be mustered out on the recommendation of the Inspector General if timprovement is not shown by the time of inspection.
For the first time since I have commanded the ReO'iment, I have an efficient staff. However, the great number of details of administration still require too much time of officers who e capacity :01' their po itions' implie that they have much business to attend to. I do not believe that even with the allqwance granted the headquarter for clerical
35

work, it is possible to keep efficient taff officers in the militia for any considerable length of time. I think this i one of the most serious problems confronting those intBrested in military affairs.
In this connection, I de ire to tate that in the position of Sergeant Major, this Regiment ba the services of Sergeant William C. Drinnon, who was the Non-commi ioned Officer detailed from the regular service for the purpos'e of instruction and who enlisted in this Regiment upon his discbargB. It is impossible to estimate his value to the Regiment.
RECOMMENDATIONS.
The only solution of the problem of staff officers that sugo-esis itself to me is to abolish the regimental organi~ation. To re-establish battalion admini tration leaVing the regimental organization intact is the nearest app~oach to this tbat can probably be reached at the present time.
I recommend that each Company of this Regiment be given a rifle range to practice through the sharpshootBr's course, and that men qualifying as sharpshooters be sent at the expense of the State, to the nearest Fange where they play qualify as expert riflemen.
I recommend that some method be adopted at once to issue marching shoes to the men. No Company in my command is equipped for field service in this respect. Even where the companies have purchased hoe , they have purchased thos'e which might be fit for use in garri on, but in which their men ~ould never take the field.
The new Infantry Drill Re!!11lations having been published, I think the companies should be at once equipped with the sabres for their 1st Sergeants, and the ignal flag required to 00 carried by the mUSICIans.
I recommend that an appropriation be made for the purpose of sending the officers in each battalion
36

to one designated point for that battalion where a school of instruction may be held once a month.
Thi Regiment ha not had the advantage of the pre ence of any U. S. Officer with it during the year. Ire pectfully ugge t that if, under the pre ent regulation an officer from the regular service i detailed for the instruction of the militia, thi Reo-iment howd be given the opportunity to participate in the benefit of uch in truction.
It was noted in camp that the hats worn by the men were nearly all old and generally unsightly.
I recommend that an i ue of new hat. b made as soon a possible.
Very respectfully, WALTER A. HARRIS,
Colonel 2d Infy., . G. Ga. Commandino. the Regiment.

ECO m INF NTRY A

AL REPORT, 1912.

fa on, Ga., January 6, 1913.
From: CommandinO' Officer, 2d Inf. . G. Ga. To: The djutant General tate of Georgia.
ubject: ANNUAL REPORT FOR 1912.
1. Having a um d command of the ReO'iment
November 22 1912. I find it compo ed of 12 Companie , Band and Hospital Corps.
2. There has been no gathering of the Regiment .ince I assumed command.
3. The officer chool ha been fairly well attended and much good is expected from it.
4. I recommend that shoes be issued the troops. 5. I recomniend that the 1 t Sergeant. ' sabers and the irnal flag be issued at once.
J. A. THOMAS, JR., olonel 2d Inf. J. G. Ga. Commanding.

37

THIRD BATTALION II FA TRY AN UAL
REPORT, 1911.
Elberton Ga., January 1 th, 1912. To The Adjutant General of Georgia,
tlanta, Ga. Sir:
In accordance with Paragraph No. 463 Georgia Regulations, I have the honor to submit the following report for the year 1911 :
The under i!!'Iled a umed ommand of thi Battalion a a eparate organization under authority of Special Order o. :.56 A. G. O. December 29th, 191L I pre ume the report of the Battalion prior to this period will be ernbodied in the report of the op:1manding Officer of the 5th. Infantry. *'
The several taff officer a sumed the admini tration of their department promptly and with energy.
The trength of thi ommand Dec. 30th. wa : Field and taff Officer, 3; Line Officer , 14; enli ted men,173. AO'gregate Officer and men, 1 7.
Effort will be made immediately to increa e the enli ted trength of the organization.
RECOMMENDATIONS. one.
Re pectfully H. P. HUNTER,
1ajor Commanding 3d Bat. Inf. N. G. Ga.
THIR.D BATTALlO I A TRY REPORT 1912.
Elberton Ga., January 25, 1913. From: Commanding Officer, 3d ep. Batt. Inf. .r . G.
Ga. To: The Adjutant General of Georgia. Subject: ANNUAL REPORT.
As Commanding Officer 3d ep. Batt. Inf. . G. Ga., I ubmit my annual report for the calendar year ending Dec. 31 t, 1912.
See page 43.
38

The compani of thi Battalion being 10 ated in different town, no l' gular battalion drill were held during the year the only reo-ular battalion formation beino- at amp of In tru tion, Anni ton Ala. in July. Beino- impo ible for the :Major to upervi e per onally, the in. h'uction of the variou. Companie ,thi duty wa. left entirely to the ompany Oommander.
FIELD DUTY.
Thi Battalion, e_'cept o. F, attended amp of Instruction, Anniston Ala., July 16 to 25, inclusive.
Company E, Lindale, marched from home tation nrivinO' at camp afternoon of July 15. ompanie H and I arrived by train morning July 16.
The in truction at thi amp onsi ted almo t entirely of field . eryice, outpo t and patrol . and battalion attack and def n. e. tre. W/a laid on the importance of appl~'ino' general principle, and avoiding the allowance of' unnece ary detail' to interfere with the ac ompli hment of the object to be attained. Thi. ommand participated in the general problem, July 23 and 2-1-.
The in truction under apt. R. O. Van Horn
17th . Inf. wa thorough y. tematic and comprehen ive.
A ITATION.
The anitar: condition of the camp was good at nll time, pecial mention of tlri battalion beinomade by the In pectinO' uro-eon. There -wa no . eriou i kne amono- the officers and men, except a few ca e of heat exhau tion, recovery beinO' rapid.
EVENTS.
apt. Way and 25 men, of o. F, were on riot duty ept mber 7, at ummino', Ga., eparate report beinO' made to Adjutant General by the officer in ommand.
ompany E, Lindale, won fir t honor and the National Defen trophy for highe t percentage of member lrip qualified a mark men or better, during
39

year 1912. This organization wlith 78 men on roll during firing season, qualified 72 mark men, two first class, and 3 seoond class, figure of merit, 96.62. Figure of merit of Battalion, 32.09, Companie F, H and I having no ra:nge.
STRENGTH.
The strength of the Battalion December 31, 1911, was 14 officers, 173 men, total 187. December 31, 1912, 13 officers, 199 men, total 212. Gain 25.
RECOMMENDATIONS.
The following recommendations are made: That pay allowance be made for officers" uniforms. That Rllowance be provided for Commanding Officer to inspect out of town Companies. That a on-comTIJissioned Officer of tbe regular army be detailed this Battalion if po sible.
H. P. HUNTER, Major Commanding.
FOURTH BATTALION INFANTRY, ANNUAL
REPORT, 1911.
Columbus, Ga., Jan'y 9, 1912. The Adjutant General,
State of Georgia, Atlanta, Ga.
Sir: In compliance with Paragraph 463, Regulations
for the National Guard of Georgia, I have the honor to report as f.ollows:
DRILLS.
Weekly drills were held by all Companies' of this Battalion during eight months of the year, while two drills monthly on an average were held by the Companies during the heated term. It is a matter of regret to the undersigned that owing to the fact of companies of this battalion being very much scattered and not more than one company being at any one town, Battalion Drills, except during period. of encampments, cannot be held. All companie of thi,
40

battalion participated in parades on Memorial Day in their respective cities. Headquarters, Companies C, F and L, of the Battalion also participated in the unveiling exercises of the Old Guard Monument of the Gate City Guards of Atlanta, October 9th, 10th and 11th, 1911, which was made possible by liberal contributions on the part of councils, county commissioners and private citizens of the cities in which these Companies' ~re domiciled.
TARGET PRACTICE.
The figure of merit for the Battalion during the year 1911, was 53.42 as against 30.98 for the preceding year. While this re ult with reference to increase in the Figure of Merit is to a certain degree gratifying it is hoped that better showing will be made during the year 1912. Oompany L, of the Battalion, stationed at Americus, has, as yet, no range and this Company did not fire during the pa t season. It is hoped that during the current year arrano-ements will be completed by which this Company will be able to participate in taro-et practice yearly with equally good results as the other Companies of the Battalion. Company E, of the Battalion achieved the best results headino- the list of ElXpert Riflemen with 18 out of a total number of 20. It is als'o gratifying to note that during eason 1910, 168 men of the Battalion did not fire while durinoeason 1911 this figure was reduced to 128 men with a total in rease in the strength of the Battalion of ]] men durino- the pa t year.
ORGANIZATION.
In compliance with Paragraph 1, S. O. o. ..to, G. O. Ga., February 24th, 1911, ompany G, (City Light Guards) of the Battalion was mu ter d out of service on the recommendation of the Company Commander, Lieut. T. F. J oerg, approved by the undersioned. "\ ery much to my reo-ret, I deemed this step nece. al'y owing to the complete demoralization of th Company llartially can. ed by the protracted and
41

evere illne of it aptain. Before forwardin o' thi reque t to your offic, the ituation wa. thoroughly g'one into by all concerned wtith an endeavor to find way and m an to retain the orO'anization within the rank of the ational Guard of thi ta teo After every tep taken in this direction proved futile, and then only wa. the recommendation referred to above made.
Par<1~l'aph 5 . O. 0.116, A. G. O. Ga. June 8th, 1911, ompany F ( lark Rifle, of then), 3rd Battalion of Infantry, T. G. a., heretofore attached to the Fifth Regiment ational Guard of GeorO'ia, for di cipline and admini tration wa a iO'ned to thi Battalion' a . Company F.
CTIVE SERVICE.
With exc ption of ompany L, of thi battalion, tationed at .:lineri us, Ga., ompanies of this Battalion weI' not ordered out for any active duties during the year. That ompany a i u ual every year went to Ander onville Ga. to pre erve order at that place on Decoration Day. The separate report ent your office after return to home station for thi and pa t ~ ear will how that the pre ence of the troops wa not needed, the crowds being quiet and orderly, and the wi dom of continuing this detail appear que tionable. It i believed Ithat if the heriff of umter ounty would wear in a ufficient number of deputies order can be preserved without the aid of the Iilitia and thu quite an item of expen e aved to the tate.
EN AMPMENT.
In compliance with Para!rraph 4 . O. 147, . G. O. Ga., July 17th, 1911, this battalion encamped at
t. imon's, Ga., during the period of July 22nd, July 29th. I con id rthi la t encampment the mo t ucce ful ever held by thi Battalion ince the under iO'ned ha been connected with it the more 0 a we were enabled to carry to camp nearl 94% of
42

it total commis ioned and enlisted strength, namely 15 officers and 1 1 enli ted men. Explicit report covering this tour of duty was forwarded to your office, together with all order i ued, on September 18th, 1911.
The under igned a well a Oapt. F. H. Schomburg, Oompany . 4th Battalion Infantry, . G. Ga., were al 0 detailed by order from your office for a tour of duty at the amp of oncentration at San Antonio, Texa ,in fay 1911. Report covering thi detail wa forward d to your office May 15th, 1911.
RECOMMENDATIONS.
In addition to the recommendations made in m report oovering the encampment of 1911,' I would re pectfully recommend:
1. That Band of half the strength a authorized for Regiment be authorized for Separate Battalion .
2. That one Battalion Quarterma tel' ergeant and two 0101' r<Yeant be authorized for eparate Battalion.
3. That Officer' chool a held in 1910 b a<Yain inaugurated in 1912.
Re pectfully ubmitted H.MoZEN
Major 4th Bat. of Infy N. G. Ga. Oommanding.
FIFTH I F TRY REPORT, 1911.
tlanta, Ga., January 2, 1912. The Adjutant General, tate of Georgia,
State Oapitol, tlanta, Ga.
ll':
In accordance with th regulation,. I have the honor to ..nbmit herewith my report for the Fifth Reo-im nt, Infantry for the year 1911.
43

The report mu t of nece ity con ider the condition of the Regiment a it existed prior to December 30th, the time at which five new Companies were mustered into the ervice and when five Companie were transfened from thi Command, and a it
en ted after uch changes.
TIDJT' diately after the Peace Jubilee, which wa held in tlanta in October, it wa thouo-ht advi able by tho. e interested in the Service in tlanta to attempt to rai e five new ompanie for the Regiment, in order to make it di tinctively an Atlanta organization. ccordino-ly, with the approval of the Gover:cor the djutant General, the Brigade Commander, and all the officer of the ommand residing in Atlanta, as well as with the concurrence of the out of town officer' of the Regiment, the movement was tarted and Companie raised and named as follows:
"Th Grady adet, " recruited undr the direction of W. H. Leahy a i ted by T. J. Bryon; "The Fulton Blue," recruited by Lieutenant Harrison J one of Company A; "The ~1:ari tRifle ," recruited by Eugene R. Schmidt from among the matriculate and graduates' of Mari t College, and a isted by them; "The Fulton Fusileer," recruited by J OM W. Quillian, a graduate of nnapoli with the as i tance of Lieutenant Hal orrion of the Staff and "'\ . S. oburn:" The tlanta German-American Guards," recruited with tlle approval of all the German organizations of tlanta and largely through the instrumentality of Dr. Theo Toepel and 11'. F. E. Raden laben. The e companieS' have all been mustered into the ervice and a iO'ned to thi Command with appropriate ompany letters. The enli ted men of the e new O'ffipanies unquestionably repre ent the very best pirit of tlanta citizenship and their interest, prop rly directed, will unque tionably mean much for the
ervice. To accommodate the new Companie it i expected
that the City and ounty will appropriate the um
44

of $13',000.00 for improvements in the Armory and for lockers.
The out of town Companies of this command which have been transferred to the Third Battalion N. G. of Georgia are composed of men very much intetested in the Service and efficiently officered. The Atlanta part of the Regiment regret exceedingly to . lose them from the Regiment and will always entertain for them a feeling of friendship and respect.
The instruction throughout the year has been of the usual and ordinary nature such as drill and in addition thereto officers' schools were held in Atlanta during the latter part of the year and at camp in July. Sergeant H. F. Lester, U. S. A., has been present throughout the year and been of much assis'tance with recruits" enlisted men and especially the non-commissioned officers.
A camp of instruction was held during the summer at St. imons I land, lmown as "Camp Barker," in memory of Lieutenant-Colonel Barker, decea ed, late of this Command. A full report of this tour of duty has been heretofore filed in your office. The allowance for mes for thi camp wa 25 cents per man per day. What i believed to be accurate statement, how the actual expenditure on the part of the variou companies to have been an average of 40 cent per day. report of this ha been heretofore filed in your office.
The total enlisted strength of this Command .Tanuary 1, 1911 wa 639 men and 49 officer. The total enli ted strength January 1, 1912 was 650 enlisted men and 31 officers. The increase of enlisted men was due to the new companies and the decrease in officers was due to the fact that the officers of the new companies had not been commis ioned.
A provisional Battalion of this Command, in J nne, was ordered to Monroe to guard a negro there to be placed upon trial, and returned to the city without especial incident. report of thi ' tour i
45

likewise on :file in your offi'ce. There ha been no other active service during the year.
An especial effort is being made to increa e intere t in athletics in the Reoiment, believing that it will serve to interest the young men in the community and thereby rai e the efficiency of the Regiment. We have already had teams in the variou learue of the city in ba eball, indoor baseball and ba ket ball.
In 1911 the figure of merit of rifle practice for this command wa 58.48 the highe t in the State. The record for 1910 was 3 040 for 1909, 34.80, and for 1908, 16.81. In 1911 all Companies except Company H. fired .upon the range. 60% of the enlisted men of the Command fired. Seven of the Companie had a figure of merit of more than 500/0; 10 officer had a record for pistol firing upon the range. Company E, Lindale Rifle , had the hig-he t average for per cent of men firing upon the range, to-wit, 97%. Thi Company, with only a range for 500 yards made a figure of merit of 95.26. ompany L. had a figure of 102.96 and Company M of 98.59. This Reo-iment has lead the other Regiment of the State in fio-ure of merit for three year .
It is believed that the efficiency of the Command in care of property and keeping of records ha been better during the pa t year than ever before.
REcoMME ""DATIO permitted b the regulation , I make the following recommendation : 1. That the State make provi ion for payment of officer ., equipment.
2. That a board be constituted frO'lD among the officers, advisory to the djutant General, on all matters of military purchases and policy, and especially that either thi board or another board be appointed for the purpo e of taking up the question of a camp ite in Georo-ia for the off years, that i the year between manoeuver camp .
See Appendix 2, Report ot Adjutant General.
46

3. That a board be appointed to study the military law' of the State and to' present to the Legi lature and urge the passage of such laws as may be found advisable, and the following change are recommended:
(a) That it be made a mi demeanor for employer to refu e to allow member of the Guard to perform military duties.
(b) That the law be changed so as to require judge in rape case to change the venue where the ne e it for troop is apparent.
(c) That martial law be declared ipso facto in communitie where troops are called for the preservation of order (I have not given thi particular sugge tion deep thouO'ht and make it merely as a sugge tion worthy of con ideration.)
(d) That the law be so amended that the victim in rape ca e will not be required to te tify in open court.
(e) That the law be amended so that Guardsmen charO'ed with offen es committed while on duty and und l' order hall be tried by a military and not a civil court.
4.That the date of the next camp be announced and d termined a many month in advance thereof as po, ible.
Re pectfully, EDGAR E. POMEROY,
olonel Comdg. Fifth 1nfty. N. G. Ga.

FIFTH II FA rTRY

L REPORT 1912.

Atlanta, Ga., Jan. 1 t, 1913.

From: Commanding Officer 5th Regt. 1nfty, . G. Ga.

To: The djutant General, ational Guard of Ga.

ubject: 1912 ANNUAL REPORT.

In accordance with Par. lation , I have the honor

t4o6.3uobfmtihteAGnenouragliaRRepe~rur-t

for the year 1912.

47

The total strength of this CO'mmand December 31, 1911 was 650 men and 31 officers. The total strength December 31, 1912 was 633 men and 46 officers.
INSTRUCTION.
The work and instruction of this Command during the year has been more comprehensive than previous years. Regular weeldy drills and formations have been held by all of the organizations. Semi-monthly formations of Battalions has been held and drill conducted under the Majors; this consisted of close and extended order and some work in guard duty, outpost, advance guard and patrolling. The school of instruction in which all of the officers in Atlanta participated has been conducted by Captain Kimbrough, U. S. A., and the subject of riot duty has been completed. Much interest was shown in this school. Captain Kimbrough has also conducted a correspondence school wlhich has been of benefit. Captain Kimbrough is very earnest in his work and much good is resulting therefrom.
All officers of the line, field and staff are in the Armory on each Monday night.
FIELD DUTY.
The Command was in camp at Anniston, Ala., in joint manoeuvers with the Army July 16th to the 25th, with 52 officers and 526 enlisted men. Report has heretofore been :filed with reference to this camp.
The only active duty for troops of this Command has been two tours to Cumming, Ga., under orders, reports of which have been heretofore furnished.'*' October 2d, to 4th, Major Cartron, in command 'Of 17 officers and 151 men, proceeded to Cumming to guard a prisoner on trial, and marched from Buford to Cumming and return, a distance of about 26 miles. On this tour were Captains Palmour, Leahy, Jones and Candler.
On Oct. 24 to Oct. 25, Major Carton, in command of 17 officers and 81 men, returned to Cumming under the ame conditions, to guard the same
--.-gee Appendix 2, Report of Adjutant General.
48

prisoner during the hanging. Captains Stoddard and Quillian were present on this tour of duty. It is believed that the Command performed these dutieS' in an intelligent and efficient manner.
NEW COMPANIES.
The last annual report made casual reference to the organization of the new Companies, but they were not assigned to this Regiment until January 1, 1912. A good spirit prevails among most of these organizations and most of them are on a permanent basis. Only one change among the Captains has' occurred and but one or two among the Lieutenants. The Grady Cadets, Captain Leahy were assigned as Company E, and on December 31st had an enlisted strength of 58 men; Fulton Blues; Captain Jones, Company F, 58 men December 31st; Mari tRifles, Captain Schmidt, Company G, 58 men December 31 t; Fulton Fusileers Captain Quillian, Company H, 58 men December 31st; Atlanta German-American Guards, Lieutenant Hartlaub, Company I, 58 men December 31st. The per onnel of these Companies is high and the intere t, in most cases, is keen. It i believed that with proper direction these Companies will be permanent features.
RIFLE PRACTICE.
During a large part of the season the Regiment, from its own funds, paid the expenses for Lieut. Laird and markers to be on the Range at all time~. This is necessary to enable the men to shoot with the minimum amount of incon enience to ithemselves, and was at an expense of about $350.00 to the Command, no aid from the State or Government having been received for this purpo e. The Regiment believes this is of sufficient importance to continue it next year under the arne plan.
The Re!ri.ment again lead the State in figure of merit, which i the fourth uccessive year it has lead the Regiment of the State:
49

1908 figure of merit 1909 figure of merit 1910 figure of merit 1911 figure of merit

16. 1 3-1. 0 3 .40 5 .-!

1912 figure of merit

58.70

The figure of merit for 1912 did not how much
increa e over 1911 but the revi ed r.ule for calculat-
jno- the figure of merit make the actual fi!mre for
1912 about 25% over 1911. It i e timated that 5%
of the men fired upon the range. All officer fired

with about three exception. 19 officers fired upon

the pi tol range. The figure of merit for each Com-

pany numerically arranged was a follow :

ompany A

10-1.13

ompany B

-16.23

Company

7 .69

D Compan~T Company E Company F Company G Company H Company I
Compan K Company L Company iII
F&

67.37 37.3 1.14 ._ 40.33 49.50 -17.77 33.11
.61 74.42 78.26

The Battalion average wa a follows :

1 t Battalion

7-1.10

2nd Battalion

39.59

3rd Battalion

59.72

The following were the winner of the Regimental

Annual Shoot: ilverman medal Lieut. S. P. ronheim winner.
Engli h medal, Pri. W. R. Browne o. C winner. a h m dal, Lieut. S. P. Cronheim, winner. fajor medal, Lieut. S. P. Cronheim winner.
Co. L won the .r ovice Trophy.

. AR1>1ORY.
All of the Companie are located in the uditorium-Armory. All field and taff officers have

50

offices. The Armory itself i practically complete.

ew rooms were added for the new Companies dur-

ing the year and new rooms for other u es. 'l"'he City

and the County each appropriated the urn of $6,-

500.00 for these purpose .

,

Each Company now ha a complete et of steel

lockers of the latest and mo t modern pattern.

The drill space in the Armory is not sufficient.

On 'Monday night by re olution of the City

Council the Militia has entire control of the building

but frequently demands for u e of the arena, which

made it impracticable for u to refu e consent, are

made. This result in considerable inconvenience,

and i a rea on which will prevent our quarter from

ever being entirely satisfactory, but it '!Dust be re-

membered that in the matter of armory the Regi-

ment i infinitely ahead of where it wa :five year

ago and, if po ible, the u e of the arena for military

and public purpo 'es must be made to harmonize.

A new stairway has been built into the Armory from

the out ide 0 that we are no 10nO'er inconvenienced

by the 10 inO' of the front door. The e doors, how-

ever, are not clo ed without our con ent.

An effort will be made during 1913 to in tall a

lar er elevator ervice and to increa e the liO'htinO'

and heating facilitie of the rmory.

PARADES.
The entire ommand paraded Memorial Day in dre' uniform; upon our return from Anni ton, in heavy marching order; in ovember in connection with the Elk ; and in December a portion of the Command paraded with the Corn lub.

GENEL.
thletic are regarded a of vital importance to rai 'e the per onnel in till enthu ia m and to improve the general appearance of the men, and it is the purpo e of thi ommand to encourage intere t in ,all athletics and athletic sports.
51

The Canteen, supplied with smoking materials,. soft drinks, military supplies and pool tables, is conducted in the Armory under the direction of the Exchange 'Council appoinied :.in accordance With Army regulations.
A. field officer is detailed for a limited time to conduct the Summary Court, and an accurate Summary Court record is kept by the Adjutant.
The riot call in the City of Atlanta is fifteen strokes upon the fire bell, repeated as' may be necessary, and the Fire Qhief and the 'Commander of this Regiment haye a complete under tanding on this subject.
During the year Captain Cochran, Adjutant, published a bulletin of general affairs and instruction.
Al] field and taff officers of this Command will be equipped with full dre uniformS' prior to March 1st. Heretofore the policy of this ReO'iment has been not to wear the full dres. The increased prominence of the Regiment in the community has made this step imperative.
The work in the Adjutant's Office has been conducted in a highly satisfactory manner and Captain Oochran is commended. The work of the A. I. S. A. P. and of the CommisRary ha been conducted in an entirely satisfactory manner.
Sergeant Stamper, 10th Infty., has been on duty as in tructor for mo t of the year, and while it is difficult at all times to :find work for him to do, bis work has been efficient and sati factory of much as'si tance, and hi continued pre ence i desired. Sergeant Stamper file a weekly written report of bi dutie., and he has been found wiJling and anxious to help.
RECOMMEl:\TDATIONS.
1. That provi ion for pay of equipment of officers be made.
2. Tbat camp site for the off 'year camp be provided and equipped.
52

3. That the dates for camp be fixed as early as possible.
4. That during the season of 1913 the State pay markers on the Rifle Range.
5. T'hat as soon as possible regulations for machine gun detachment be issued.
6. That equipment for 1st Sergeants and other non-commissioned officers be secured a early as' pos ible.
7. That an officers' board be appointed to con ider matter of policy and purcba es for the Guard of tbe State.
8. Tbat a board be appointed to contmue the study of tbe military laws of the State, and tbe following are sugge ted for con ideration:
(a) That it be made a misdemeanor for employers to binder men in the performance of any military duty.
(b) That victim in rape ca es be not required to appear at public trials.
(c) That cbana-e of venue be made in all cases where nece ity for military protection exists.
(d) Tbat hana-ina- be authorized in counties different from the cene of the crime.
(e) That other matter be considered by said board.
EDGAR E. POMEROY.
E 0 CA LRY AI AL REPORT, 1911.
Atlanta Ga., Feb. ] 5, 1912. The djutant General,
tate of Georgia, Atlanta, Ga.
Sir:
'In compliance with Parao-rapb 463 Georo-ia Regulation governing tbe ational Guard of Georgia, I bave tbe bonor to ubmit tbe following report coverina- tbe dutie performed by tbe Second
53

Squadron Cavalry, ational Guard of Georgia, C<Ylllpo ed of Troop B, Dorchester, Ga.,; Troop F, Gainesville, Ga.; Troop K. Augusta, Ga., and Troop L. Atlanta, Ga., for the year ending Dec. 31, 1911.
Complying with Special Order o. 105, A. G. 0., the following officer attended the Camp of Instruction at Fort Riley, Kans., from June 1 t to 15th inclu ive.
Captain J. C. Demp ey, Trook K; Captain J. O. Seaman, Troop L; Captain W. P. Wait, Troop B; Captain J. M. FTay, Troop F.' Lieut. H. K. Kicklio-hter; Staff Lieut. H. C. orman, Troop B; Lieut. H. J. Young, Troop K.
The cour e of In truction was far uperior thaD, any amp of Instruction for officer that I hav~ ever attended and I recommend that till cour e of instruction be continued.
The Squadron with the exception of Troop B. held an encampment, di mounted at the t1anta Rifle Rano-e, from July 22nd to 29th, inclu ive, which wa devoted to rifle rano-e work and guard duty, under the in truction of Lieut. E. R. W. McCabe, U. S. Cavalry.
Troop B. went to encampment mounted Augu t 21st, for :five day at Lawyer amp, in Liberty County near Dorche tel', Ga. Tbey participated in Rifle Practice and Guard Duty.
The strength of the quadron on January 1 t, 1912, con i t of 15 Officer and 171 enli ted men.
The improvement in Rifle hooting in the quadran ha increa:ed double of 1a t year. Troop L, bould be e pecially mentioned for their intere t in Rifle Practice. They have more Expert Riflemen than any other organization in th ta teo Their :fio-ure of merit beino- 13'7, the ond hio-he t in the State. Other Troop mio-ht how up a well, jf they h'ad the proper Rifle Range faci1itie for practice.
apt. J. O. Seaman, attended the Maneuver amp at Fort Sam Hou ton Tex., in pril 1911,
54

for twenty-one days, of which a previou report ha' been ent to the Adjutant General.
RECOMMENDATIONS.
1. I refer to the recommendation that was made in the last annual report, that some provi ion be made to forage the mounts of the Cl:tvalry of thi State.
2. That the Cavalry be upplied at the earliest po ible moment with revolvers.
3. That the Cavalry be furnished with Slicker Coat which i more de irable and useful to a Cavalryman than a poncho and les expen ive.
4. That pay allowance be wade for Officers' uniforms.
5. That the proper kind of hoes be is ued the National Guard.
6. That when the ational Guard Troops are sent into Camps at or near a Regular Army Po t, (for in truction) that permis ion be procured if pos ible, from the ommanding Officer of aid Post, to employ .t~rmy cooks, in tead of having the ~egro cooks that are now employed. Thi will enable the men who are now carried on the road as cook, to learn the handling of the Army rations. That some allowance will be made for their 1 a~-, which I think would be a aving to the State and I lmow would be beneficial and in tructive to the Troop .
7. That a T:roop wagon with equipment and harne . b furnished each Troop, which will enable the Troop to take more cro country marche. The hired waO'on we now have to depend upon is very un ati factory and expen ive, for it takes two or three waO'on to load the equipment, }'There one Troop wagon would an weI' the purpo e.
Thi waO'on can be u ed at the various stations' where located for hauling Military equipments and bago'age in ca e of encampment, moving baggage to and from tation for different organizations.
55

I believe it would be the means of causing more Troops to take more practice marches at their .home stations.
Respectfully, J. O. SEAMANS,
Major Comdg. 2nd Sqd. Cav. N. G. Ga.
CAVALRY, ANNUAL REPORT, 1912.
Atlanta, Ga., January 13, 1913.
From: The Commanding Officer 2nd. Sqd. Cav. . G. Ga., Atlanta, Ga.
To: The Adjutant General, State of Georgia. Subject: ANNUAL REPORT.
1. In compliance with paragraph 463, Georgia' Regulations, as amended by Changes o. 1, Georgia Regulations, October 15, 1912, I submit herewith my annual report for the year ending December 31, 1912.
2. The Squadron as a whole is in very good condition with the exception of Troop F, who is anticipating a change in their Captain in the near future and I hope to be able to bring it up to the standard with the other troops in the State with its new captain.
3. The quadron Ie troop ,went into camp at Camp Pettus, Anniston, Ala., July 16-25, inclusive, and made a very creditable howing, and wi h in this connection, to call your attention to my report on this tOUT of duty made July 30, 1912.
4. Troop K was on riot duty at u u ta for some twenty odd day or more of which I call your attention to r~port made direct to your office by the Officer in command of ugusta at that time.
5. pecial mention should be made of Troop L. in reO'ard to their rifle practice for they have made a very creditable howing for the year.
6. It i pecially recommended that the officer of the squadron be ent to 'orne Governm nt choo] of in truction this year, for I believe that thi. kind of
56

training will do the squadron more good as a whole than ten days in camp duty.
Also recommend that troops and headquarters be furnished with stable brooms, pitchfolks, and rakes, for police duty at encampments heretofore this expense has been borne by the organizations tnemselves.
Also renew my recommendations of last year that the Squadron be equipped with revolvers, holsters and revolver cartridge belts, for in case of riot in close quarters a mounted s'entinel would practically be useless as a rifle is very unhandy to handle on a horse.
Also that the olive drab service uniforms and olive drab overcoats be issued to the troops.
Also that the troops' be allowed, if possible, a larger clothing allowance.
Also that the troops be given a larger quarterly allowance as they have more responsibility and about three times as much property as an infantryman has, and they are required to keep their property, such as saddles, bridles, and halters in repair from this allowance.
The tentage of the squadron as a whole is old, and practically unfit for field service, the majority of the tents leak, making it very unpleasant for the officers and men while in camp..
The State should also make some allowance for the officers uniforms and equipments, as it is very expensive for an officer to equip himself according to the reo-ulations, as is no doubt holding back some good man on account of this expense.
J. O. SEAMAN.
57

TROOP A, A\ LRY, A.\..N" \ili REPORT, 191J.
TROOP ,N. G. GA. avannah, Ga. Jan. 27th, 1912. Adjutant General State of Georgia, Atlanta, Ga. Sir: Pur uant to Georoja regulation, I have til honor to ubmit thi report conring the work of Troop ~, for the year 1911. The enli ted trenoth of the ommand maintained an averao-e of fifty-three men throuo-hout the year. Drill exclu ive of camp duty to the number of forty were had during the year, with an average number of enlisted men at each drill of thirty-tbree. Tbe drill embraced the u ual work of tbe cavalry, covering quads, platoons, the troop in clo e and extended order, mounted work, practice marche., instruction, guard duty and the care and handling of horses and equipment. The intere t in the organization continue and the personel of the men . how no cbange; only eighteen men in tbe Oommand are erving first enli tment and five are serving more than their :fifth enli tment. Tbe bridle with wbich the Troops are equipped are too light and break easily. The addle al'e all of a ize to-wit: an eleven inch eat and are not adapted to the u e of all men. In the future purchase of saddle ,thi rror can be very ea ily corrected and i a mo t important thing to be don. The equipment i' er"\iceable in mo t ca e and with the exception of reyolver , the Oommand i fully armed. Very re pectfully,
F. P. Mel TIRE, Oaptain Oommanding.
5

B TTERY

FIELD RTILLERY REPORTt 1911.

avannab, Ga. May 29th, 1912.
Adjutant General of GeorO"ia, tlanta, Georgia.
Sir: I have the bonor to advi e in reply to TOur of tbe
22nd, in tant, in re Annual Report for 1911 that in re pon e to your of February 1 t I mailed you on F-ebruary th, the following report:
"Thi Battery ha without expen e to the tate or Government, had ix da in camp in t>eriod of two day each. A ite i u ed at offee Bluff, about twelve miles from Savannah, GeorO"ia. Tbe Battery arranlring for nec ar animal for the march.
Target practice witb ervice charge wa had on two of the e camp. At tbe la tone beld in October, Lieutenant E. P. KinO" Jr., wa present as intructor.
The averaO"e attendance at thi work ba been thr e officer and tbirty- even men.
Revolver practice has been held ever. two week, during target ea on and we have qualified everal men, a will be hown by report to In pector of Small I'm Practice.
Tbe reports for practice with three inch Field Piece have been forwarded to In pector-General of '('man I'm a per your instruction .

REco:M:ME DATIONS.
It i recommended that tbe State furni h fund for emploYIfient of a competent person to care for all ordnance property in tbe po e ion of the Battery.
If tbi report i not ati factory it hould have been objected to when made.
Re pectfully, R. J. DAVA T,
apt. omda'. Bat. A. F. A., . G. Ga.

59

BATTERY A, FIELD ARTILLElRY, A AL REPORT, 1912.
Battery A, F. A., N. G. of Ga. Savannah, Ga., Jan. 9, 1913.
From: Commanding Officer, Battery A, F. A., J. G. Ga.
To: The Adjutant-General, State of Georgia, Atlanta, Ga.
Subject: Annual Report for 1912. 1. I beo- to ubmit thi my report of th operation
of Battery for the calendar year ending December 31, 1912.
2. The work done ha been in detail a follow : Weekly drills have been held, at which have been . given o-eneral instruction in the school of the oldier and of the battery dismounted; in harnes ing and driving; in standing gun drill ; in the care and To vice of the piece; in sight ettino" in o-uard duty' in tent pitching; and in the ervice of scout. and agent of cO'IIlmunication. During the Spring we were able to borrow from the City twelve or fourteen hor es every other Sunday morning, with which w held mounted drills of a section, under the direction of one of our officers, as isted by Sergeant Brown, 6th Field rtillery, ~-. S. A. This in truction wa very valuable and proved to be hio-hly interesting and attractive to the men. We expect to be 0 favored again thi prinoo b~ the City authoritie . In the late pring the Batterv pent two day at Coffee Bluff, near avannah, receivino- field in, truction and holding target practice with ervice ammunition, u ing in the latter the indirect method of lay-
ing and firino- at the mid-rano-e. On thi tour of duty
we <rot the benefit of both night and day marching. During the entire eason for mall arm 'firing the
Battery worked diligently to qualify a' many men a possible, and ucceeded in firing 61, out of which number we made 7 expert, 9 harp hooter and 27 mark men. Thi j a better record than we flu,'
60

had any previous year and W<3 accomplished under trying conditions. Thi practice had to be done on Sundays, almost exclu ively, the men not being able to gt away from business any other time.
The encampment held in conjunction with Battery B at Coffee Bluff, from July 28 to August 3, inclu ive, with Lieut. E. P. King, Jr., U. S. A., as instructor, a sisted by Sergeant Brown, 6th Field Artillery, U. S. A., was resultant of more benefit to officers and men than any service we have ever had. This encampment waS' fully covered by my report filed immediately thereafter, in which I stressed the belief that the bringing together of the two Batteries of the State for an annual encampment and target practice would prove invaluable and justify the expense involved.
In the Fall the Battery sold its armory property in the up-town district and purchased half a block frontinO' on the parade ground in the center of Savannah where it is now preparing to erect a modern buildinO', thoroughly adapted to the uses and need of Field Artillery. This tran action will represent an outlay of approximately ninety-five thou and dollars, which will give us when completed the most attractive military home in the City, and which we are confident will be of great as istance to us in securing and retaining desirable men.
Our enlistment has increased steadily during the past year and we have now a full ~omplement of officers.
The four lieutenants of the Battery attended the Camp of Instruction for Field Artillery Officerl3, held at Fort Riley in July, proper report being filed by them with your office immediately upon their return.
3. I would make the following recommendations: That tbe Battery be furni bed newer and more uniform , tbo e on .hand, both dress and service, being generally un atisfactory; that the Battery be furnished lickers; that the Battery be furnished marcb-
61

ing shoes, if within the State's means; that fund be furnished for the employment of a caretaker for all ordnance property in the posses ion of the Battery: and that every effort be made to ecure at lea t 16 hoI' 'es from the Government for mounted drills and harnessing instruction.
R. J. DAVANT, Oaptain Oommanding.
BATTERY B, FIELD R'IILLERY REPORT, 1911.
Atlanta, Ga., Feb. 9th, 1912. The Adjutant General,
State of Georgia, Atlanta, Georgia.
Sir: In accordance with Section 463 of the Regulations
I have the honor to submit thi ,my annual report for Battery "B" Field Artillery, ational Guard of Georgia.
I was absent attending' Officers' School at Fort Myel', Va., from Feb. 1st to April 10th, Lieut. McBride was in command until March 10th, when he left to attend Officers' School at Fort Root, ... rk., leaving the Battery under the command of Lieut. J. F. Hallman.
I completed the three year cours'e at Garrison School for Officers on March 31st (See special report herewith) and returned to the cOm'IDand on April 10th.
The Battery was in pected April 24th and I believe showed a sub tantial gain in all the inspector ' ratings.
We were unable to attend camp, engage in a practice march or have target practice this year on account of the State's failure to provide funds. Fortyseven men fired at Pistol Practice during the ea on qualifying nine pistol experts, three sharp hooter. and eight marksmen.
62

On July 10th Sergt. Tho. "V. Jones and orporal

Sidney F. Dunn were promoted and commissioned

2nd Lpeutenant and a igned to dUity 'mith tHe

Battery.

On UO". 1 t Lieut. E. P. KinO"

. wa de-

tailed a In pector-In tructor of till Artillery divi -

ion but a hi territory i so exten ive he ha not

been able to O"ive much attention to thi Battery.

On Augu t 7th ergt. J. H. Brown, 6th Field

Artillery, U. S. . arrive~, beinO" detailed to thi

Battery, by . 0., W. D. o. 177, the Sergeant eem

to be very much in earne t, ha worked hard and

accomplished orne result , it i believed that hi

usefulnes will be greatly increa ed when he becomes

more familiar with the difference between 1:ilitia

and rmy conditions.

On Dec. 6th Lieut. C. T. Harri , Ordnance De-

partment and Foreman F. E. larke from U!ru. ta

I' enal in pected the material of the Battery and

found it in very O"ood hape.

I wi h to call your attention to the courte y of

Capt. R.:JI. layton Chief of Con truction, City of

Atlanta and to Mr. YIn Hurt, Supt. of PavinO" in

lending u their mule on three different occa ion

till year for u e a draft teams. I also de ire to

mention the very excellent work of Quarter- fa tel'

Sergt., . B. Goodman and ctinO" Ordnance Sergt.

J. C. Wardwell, these young men have worked hard

and faithfully to keep the Battery' property and

material in order, and, on account of the amount of

property to be cared for by Field Batterie I re-

pectfully recommend that orne financial allowance

be made to employ labor to relieve the Quarter-

Ma tel' SerO"eant of orne of the mo t laboriou work.

orne provision for horse hire at regular drills i

still our mo t urO"ent need and until somethinO" on

thi line can be done we cannot O"ain proficiency in

drill.

I mo t ur ently I' commend that thi Battery be

ent to amp mounted and with their O'un in 1912

63

two gun were pulled to and from the firinO' point by hand.
The Battery drilled by platoon during this year, the fir t platoon on Monday nights and the second platoon on Thursday nights.
Thi plan has proved to be a decided succe ,th increa e in intere t and efficien is very noticeable.
INSPECTIONS.
On February 5th, the Battery was in pected by the State and the Federal inspectors, the result being shown in the report of the In pector-General.
On July 1 t we were vi ited by the Ordnance macbini t and certain repairs and alteration', authorized by the Ordnance Department were made.
In October the Material was inspected by an officer from the Augu ta Arsenal, a report of which wa sent to the Adjutant General.
CAMP.
Two lieutenants and 60 men attended camp and target practice with Battery A. at Coffee Bluff, near
avannah, from July 28 to ugu t 3rd inclu ive. I have been unable to get a written report of thi camp but from verbal reports of our officers, its ucce was doubtful, uch records of tarO'et firinO' as were kept are so incomplete as to be of very little value, the sub i tence was very poor the ration allowance being trictly limited to 25 cent per man and the supplie purcha ed in the open market in Savannah. The O'reater part of these ration could have been purchased from the U. S. Commissary Department either at Fort McPherson or at Fort S.creven and tran ported with the troop , which i the only way that troops can be properly sub i ted on an allowance of 25 cents.
Such food as these men were required to subsist on make it harder each year to get men to go to camp.
I STRUCTION.
The Battery cO'lIlJIlander attended the Field Artillery School of Fire at Fort Sill, Oklah<Yma,
65

from the 15th of May to the 15th of J nne, (a report of which was forwarded immediately on return). The school is newly organized and still somewhat crude in its methods', however the instruction, which is limited strictly to fire problems, is the best that militia officers have ever had the privilege to receive.
Target firing wa had three times each week, over 2 000 rounds being fired, followed by critiques and ~ctures and on alternate days we had simulated
firing, p~noramic sketching, mount~d d.rill ' and sel~ -
tion of firing positions. On the 31 t of arch Lieutenant A. 'J. McBride,
Jr., completed the three year course at the U. S. Army Garri on School for officers.
The training' obtained at this school has greatly increa ed Lieut. IcBride' value a an officer.
Lieutenant Thoma W. Jones attended the Field Artillery school at Fort Riley, Kansas from the 6th of July to the 20th, the effect of this instruction is plainly noticeable in the improvement of Lieut. J ones work as a platoon commander.
On account of the extent of the territory covered, the U. S. ,Army in tructor has been able to visit us but once during the year, but the instruclion outlined by him ha been carried on durinO' the year by the officer. On January 16th the U. S. rmv serO'eant-in tructor detailed to thi Battery was l~aned to the Chatham Artillery in order that the State might get the O'reate t amount of benefit from his ervice. It wa thought be. t to let him remain there for the balance of the year.
PISTOL PRACTICE.
On account of inadequate supply of ammunition, pistol pra tice ha uffered durinO' this year the ammunition wa requi itioned promptly on the open ing of the . ea on, accordinO' to section 598 Georcia Regulation, but none wa i ued to u until September 6th and then only 6,000 rounds, less than one third of the amount allowed by the reO'ulation. 0
66

reason was given for this delay or reduction in

amount.

Two hundred rounds per man is not too ~arge an

allowance for pistol practice, and as' the pistol is the weapon our men would have to depend on in riot

duty, this discrimination will have a very depressing

effect on the personnel, to say nothinO' of the loss of

efficiency.

There were 61 men in the Battery who did not

fire, only 5 experts were qualified, against 9 th

previous year, the following being the result':

Pistol Experts

5

Pistol Sharpshooters

7

Pistol Marksmen

14

Fired but not qualified

27

.r ot firing

61

RECOMMENDATIONS.
It is recommended that target "N" be used hereafter for pistol practice, and that the Regular Army pistol course be fired. There is no reason why the militiaman should not become as proficient with the pistol as the regular soldier, and as this course is permitted by the War Department to be fired by the militia, it will be much better to work toward thesame standard.
It is again recommended that some provision be made for horse hire, without horses we cannot hopeto become proficient in the drill of this arm. It is also recommended that a financial allowance be madQ for labor in care of property if Field Batteries. The amount of equipment carried is so much larger than that of other arms of service, it is a hardship to require the men to do all the hard and necessary work of cleaning, repairing etc., without ome compensation.
Respectfully submitted, J. ED EUBANKS,
Captain Atlanta Artillery.
67

COAST ARTILLERY ANNUAL REPORT 1911.
Savannah, Ga., February 5th, 1912. The Adjutant General,
State of Georgia, Atlanta, Georgia.
Sir: In compliance with regulations, I have the honor
to submit this report as to the operations of the Coast Artillery Corps for the year ending December 31st, 1911.
DRILLS AND SCHOOLS OF INSTRUCTION.
During January and February, in addition to the weekly infantry drills, a school of instruction was had, twice a week for a portion of the time and once a week for the remainder, for officers and non-commissioned officer , in artillery work, supervised by officers of the Coa t Artillery Corps, U. S. A., who were ent to Savannah from Fort Screven by the District Commander. This work was progres ing very sati factorily when the regular troops at Fort Screven were ordered to Texas and we could no longer obtain the services of these instructorS'. We kept up the work until the encampment in May and accompli hed beneficial re ults, but not the re uIts which would have been attained with the a i tance of the regular officers and instructors. Weekly drills were held during eight month of tbe year, and two drill per month durinO' June July, Augu t and
eptember by beadquarter and the four om1 ames.
On May 1 t, 1911 a prize drill in infantry tactics was had between squad repre entinO' the four Companie of this Command each squad con i ting of eight enlisted men under the command of a erO'eant a drill rna tel', and an individual prize drill in infantry work W'a al 0 bad between the individuals ompo. ing the quads. Medal and money prizes were award d. O'reat deal of intere t and enthuia m wa manife ted by the entire Corp and by the
68

friends of the various oompanies, so that the occasion was deemed a complete success. It is contemplated similar contests will be held this year.
PARADES AND CEREMONIES.
The Corps participated in joint parade on January 19th, 1911, in memory of General Robert E. Lee.
DEATHS.
On October 31st, 1911, Private B. D. Southcott, Jr., of 3rd Company, departed this life. This young man had proved his worth as a soldier and a citizen, and the corps has lost an enthusiastic and valued member.
CAMP AND FmLD DuTY.
The Corp wa in camp at Fort Screven from May 18th to 27th, 1911, inclu ive, in coa t defen e exercises and target practice. I have heretofore ubmitted pe ial report coverinO' this tour of duty, and extract from the report of the Di trict ommander are available in the War Department pamphlet containing report on joint army and militia coast defense exerci es during the year 1911, to all of which reference i made.
On ovember 27th and 30th 1911 tbi Corp a i ted other avannah organization volunteering for the ervices in patrollinO' about i..~teen mile of
ounty road and in preventinO' the u e thereof by the public, under and in pur uance of order i ued by tbe Governor, upon the reque t of the Sheriff of
hatham County GeorO'ia. Seven mile were covered by this Command and thi territory was patrolled and protected a ordered and without incident worthy of mention.
D MMY AnMAME ""T.
in our Ia t report, we ucceeded through our enator and Repre entative in Congre in having add d to the rmy ppropriation Bill the sum estimated to be the co t of the artillery equipment deo ir d to h in talled for our use. Our information
69

is that the model of the 10-inch di appearinO" gun and 12-inch mortar are now being manufactured. The Engineering Corps have prepared plan for the in tailing thereof in the drill ground of the avannah Military, which plan have been forwarded to Wa hington for approval. So soon a approved, bids for construction will be sought and contract awarded. It i nece ary that the available money be spent or contracted for on or before June 3'Oth, 1912, and we have no doubt but that the authorities having the matter in hand will ee that thi i done. We feel quite sure therefore, that this artillery equipment will be installed. and ready for our use before the end of the current year.
This will put u in po ition where we can perform all the preliminary work at our home tation and go to Fort Screven a often a the Government may de ire it for purpo e of target practice anI . ThiS' r;lan has the approval of the Chief of Artillery and of the Chief of the Division of Militia Affairs, so that we may con ider it a settled policy so far as concerns our orp.
For rea ons which were satisfactory to the Governor, the Command ha been excu ed from encampment and target practice at Fort Screven during the year 1912. We hope and expect, however, that our armament will be in taIled in time for us to prepare for the most ucce sful tarO'et practice next year that we have had. Certainly, we will put forth our best effort to demon trate the fact that the Governor has made no mistake in acquie eing- in our sugO'e tions that our annual encampment be di continued, that all preliminary work be done at our home station and that we 0'0 to Fort Screven for tarO'et practice only.
illu trative of the popularity of the policy to be pur ued in the future by the War Department in the training of the e orp in artillery worlT , T de. ire to mention the fact that durinO' the month of January 1912, there wa a net Q'ain of -1 men in the enli. teo
70

strength of the organization and we have no doubt but that we will reach the numerical strength au., thorized by the State.
RECOMMENDATIONS. It i recommended that the State provide the funds with which to defray the expenses of an officer from Fort Screven to Savannah and return each week, in order that we may have the benefit of his services as in tructor. It will be necessary for him to remain over-night in Savannah, and his expense on each trip will aggregate about $2.00. I have delayed filing this report until the present time for the reason that there were several important matters pending and undetermined on December 31st 1911, with reference to which it was then impossible to make any definite report.
Re pectfully submitted, WM B. STEPHENS,
fajor, O. . 0., . G. Ga., Oommanding.
REPORT ON BUR G OF ARMORY 00. E.
FIRST I FA TRY.
Atlanta, Ga., ov. 13 1912. From: The In pector General, . G. Ga. To: The Adjutant General, State of Georgia, At-
lanta, Ga. Subject: INVESTIGATION INTO FIRE IN ARMORY AT
WAYNESBORO. 1. A result of my vi it to Wayne boro (leaving Atlanta the nio'ht of the 11th in t., and returning this morninp;) I report that the armory building was entirely de troyed, except as to outer brick walls, and that all of the public property there stored was de. troyed: that the fire seem to have been caused by rat or mice gnawing at matches-at least this is the only uo-ge ted explanation; the fire originated. in immediate vicinity of only tairway to econd floor where armory wa located, and on arrival of men and officer of Company- E the fire had so progressed
71

that thi tairway could not be u ed, hence all property wa de troyed; that the fire wa di covered at about 5 :3'0 a. m., and alarm given by ringinO' :firebell, but that the bell-rope broke almo t at once, delaying the alarm which wa generally heard.
2. Pending Survey of the property 10 t, I recommend that aptain Cohen be relieved of account.ability for all article charged again t him, without co t, upon hi furnishing receipt from 1 t Lieut. H. P. J one for 3 O. D. overcoat and hood which were not de troyed a the officer had them at their home ; and hi bond be cancelled thereupon and that he be placed on the retired Ii t in accordance with hi wi h as expressed to me.
3. It is further recommended that the above action be taken at earlie t po sible moment 0 a to create a vacancy as captain in order that it may be :filled as soon as po ible; in view of local conditions, it i a foregone concIu ion, I believe, that Lieut. J ones will be el cted a captain; it i hio-hlr probable therefore, that property now invoiced to Lieut. J one would not have to be tran ferred to anyone el e upon the qualification of the new captain.
4. For its moral effect upon the community at Waynesboro, I recommend that an i ue be made to Lieut. Jones at once of 58 rifle , bayonet, cabbards, cartrido-e belt complete, canteen , haversacks, and me kit, cleaning material, rod, and ammunition, be ides the nece ary book and record for admini tering the Company temporarily and that th balance of the clothing and equipment be i ued later, when ize needed are a ked for and when armory facilitie are ao-ain available.
F. L. PALMER.
72

REPORT OF DELEGATE TO MILITARY SUR-
GEONS CONVENTION, 1911.
Atlanta, Ga., Oct. 1st, 1911. To The Adjutant General of Ga.,
Atlanta, Ga. Sir:
I have the honor to herewith hand you my report on the Meeting of the Military Surgeons Ass'ociation of the United States, held at Milwaukee, Wis., September 26th to 29th, inclusive, which I attended under Special Order No. 194 A. G. 0., . G. of Ga., 1911.
Arrived in Milwaukee Monday evening and renewed old friendships among the members and made new ones. On Tuesday morning the first business session was held when the reports of the different standing committees were heard and adopted. Also report of Treasurer and Secretary was received. Tuesday night the Meeting was formally opened, with a public meeting at Wisconsin Conservatory of Mu ic, which was well attended by Milwaukee citizens. The meeting waS' presided over by Lieut. Gen. Arthur MacArthur, U. S. A., Ret., who now makes his home in Milwaukee.
Address of welcome in behalf of the State was made by the Governor, Hon. Francis E. McGover, which was clever and well received, althouO'h I fear the Governor is not well posted on the work of the army medical man of to-day. The address of welcome in behalf of the medical fraternity of the city was made by Dr. A. J. Patch, President of the Milwaukee County Medical A sociation. It was a short, spicy and interesting talk. Dr. Patch did a great deal toward helping to make our stay in the city a plea ant one.
The annual addre s of the Pre ident, Brig. Gen. Geo. N. Torney, Surg. Gen. U. S. A., dealt with an appeal for a more earne t study of preventitive medicine and anitation by al1 medical men in the IJublic ervice, a well as the Guard medical officers,
73

and a closer relation hip between the Regular Army and the Guard.
Music on this occa ion was rendered by the Wisconsin Con ervatory Trio, con isting of Mi s Pearl Brice, violin; Miss Imogene Hewitt, Piano; and Miss Grace Hill, violin cello. They did their part well, being called back time and again.
After the public meeting we repaired to the University Club where the committee on arrangements tendered us a reception and moker which was "free and easy," with plenty to eat and drink, music and ong, and general <Tood-fellowship.
Wedne day morning the bu ines of the s ociation was taken up again. The writer a<Tain served on the ominatin<T Committee. For President, Surg. C. P. Wertenbaker, P. H. & M. J. Service, was elected. Durino. the yellow fever epidemic (1905) in New Orleans and Jack onville, Surg. Wertenbaker was stationed in Atlanta repre enting the Public Health and Marine Hospital Service.
{ajor ID. L. Mun on, Med. Corp U. S. A., read a paper entitled " ugge tions for Tactical Maneuver of Militia anitary Troop" in which he urged that more practical work be done by the Sanitary Troop with :Militia Troop. During maneuvers, when battle orders are issued, they should contain the para<Traph relative to the Sanitary Troop~' and they through the Chief Sur<Teon hould work out that part of their special work, and the line should give its aid in having it arranged for men to fall out, and o forth. Major Mun on al 0 claimed it would be a g'ood Ie son for the line to witne the work of the Sanitary Troop.
long this line a <Tood paper waS' read, of the work done by the Ohio troop at camp last summer, by Lieut. Col. J. A. Hall, Chief Surgeon, Ohio N. G. A copy 'of their proO'ram (inclo ure I) "" is attached,. which peaks for itself. Lt. Col. Hall is a very enthusia tic officer and a very hard worker for the upbuilding of the Corp in Ohio. A very intere iing
74

part of the program was the evenings, when the work of the day was gone over and criticised by all who took part, and the opinions of the U. S. Medical Officers were given. Lieut. Col. Hall believes that work of the kind suggested above will make the Sanitary troops better and give them an insight into what would be expected of them in time of war more than 'anything else. He states that the men entered into the work with vigor and did not mind the hard physical labor the program entailed.
"Sanitary Troops in the Organized Militia" was the title of a paper read by Capt. Henry D. Thomason, U. S. A., Assistant to the Chief of :Militia Affairs, War Dept., U. S. A. The Captain gave figures which showed that most of the States were far behind in having sufficient medical supplies and Sanitary troops as the new Field Service Regulations requires. States which have sufficient troops to make a brigade should have one field hospital and one ambulance company-which we should have in Georgia according to this schedule. A good point was made by the speaker (which point I have also heard made by the present Adjutant General of Georgia) and that is that if the State had a wellequipped Field Hospital and Ambulance Company in case of a civil disaster, such as a severe fire or c.yclone as we had a few years ago at Gainesville, the Field Hospital and Ambulance Company with its full equipment of stores, tentage, medical supplies, medical officers and trained hospital corps men could do a great deal of work in a short time, relieving sufferers and bringing 'order out of "chaos." A demon tration of this nature would do much toward creating a friendly feeling between the military and the general pUblic, and we of the military would get all the support from the public we could wish, and which we need so badly. Circular No. 19, War Dept.,
Jo,",. 9, 1910, (inclo ure 2)* gives an exposition of Sanitary Troops and equipment which should be normally, with fio-htin o' troops in the field.
75

t 12 :30 p. m., on ,Vedne day the A ociation wa entertained at lunch at "Schlitz Palm Garden, Grand Ave. and Third Street, (courtesy ihein Bros.) which it o-oe without ayino- wa enjoyed by all who were 0 fortunate a to attend.
At about 3 p. m. the Profe ional Program wa resumed. "The daption of the Medical Service of the.r ational Guard to That of the Army" by iajOl' J. F. Edward . G. Pa., was read. In thi paper he pointed out orne of the difficultie encountered in bringing the ational Guard Iedical Service on an equal footing with the Regular Army. The thing needed mo t i. an active officer at the head of the Medical Department, to admini tel' it a an independent organization and not have it admini tered a it were a regimental oro-anization-a. it formerly was. The Dick bill require a {edical orp organized as it is in the Regular army, under the arne rule and regulation. Has Georgia done thi. I think only in i nino- the commi ions ~hich read" in Iedical orp, State of Georo-ia" in tead of thi or that reo-iment. The {edical Corp, or anitary Troops, as the new Field Regulations now style them, i a very important branch of any country' :fi~hting army, and unles thi branch i well oro-animd drilled and equipped it will cripple the whole force.
":Military Ab entee-i m With Special Reference to the Part Played by the Medical Department Therein," by fajor E. L. :;}{un on, U. S. ., wa one of the mo t intere tino- paper read at the meetin0'. The writer gathered extract from records of the Civil War, a well as of the pani h War, and in a most intere ting way howed how the Medical Department i re pon ible for a great many men getting to the rear and not remainino- on the :firingline. How a man would manage to get on ick report through his reo-imental uro-eon and finally he i ent back to the Fjeld Hospital because the reo-iment move forward' then when the :field ho pital i moved how thi man who ha o-otten the endor ement of
76

two or may be three medical officers tbat be is sick . finally gets to the bas'e hospital; stays there a while and is at last sent borne on furlough or sick leave, and be never gets to tbe front again for he never gets well until the war is over. As Major Munson say , as medical officers we should not fail to give every man his deserts as a sick man, but we should exercise a grellJt deal of care in taking a man from active duty, where he is most urgently needed, for fear we are doing an injustice to a sick man. I recall an incident at Camp, when on a Saturday morning tbe ick call fell off three-fourtbs of what it had been tbe day before, and it was due to the fact that on tbat day tbere were to be no hikes, nor problems to solve only a review in the morning and then "do as you please" for tbe rest of the day. I fear the real health of tbe troop had notbino' to do witb it.
~ t 9 p. m. 'Wednesday evening tbe President's Reception, a very pleasant affair, wa beld on the Parlor Floor of the Hotel.
Thursday 9 a. In. Professional Program continued. A good paper was read by the representative of the French Government, on a new di position of the Sanitary Troops with tbe fighting army in the field. It was a splendid translation into EnO'li h. Tbe plan a worked out wa much as we have it in our Army.. Next wa a paper by Capt. W. P. Merrill, Med. Corps. . G. Maryland, on Typhoid Prophylaxis in tbe National Guard. He told how on a certain drill nigbt, all tbings being arranged to give the virus a lecture was given by tbe Medical Officer before the command, on this ubject of typhoid prophylaxis,' bow it was done, how it would protect men from one of tbe mo t dano-erous disea e of any army, bow the men bad died of typhoid durinO' the Civil War, and how this country had lost bundreds of fine young men durinO' tbe Spanish-American War, which bad it been known tben, it would have prevented nearly all of this and the e men saved from an early death. Tbis was well and grapbically told, and figures
77

given to prove this from the work already done in

the English, German and American Armies. After

this talk by the Medical Officer volunteers were asked

for. (It had been very wisely arranged beforehand

that if any officer did not intend to volunteer for

this vaccination he should very quietly withdraw be-

fore it came to the point of volunteering for treat-

ment, so as not to discourage the men.) Therefore,

as soon as volunteers were invited to come forward

all officers then present stepped forward. The'men,

having their officerS' to set the example, came for-

ward with a rush. If there was one that would

hesitate the jeers of his comrades would usually

bring him into line with the rest. The Medical

Officer, with one or two of his Hospital Oorps men,

was arranged in his quarters 8'0 the men could pass

in and get their inoculation and pass Oli:l:. This was

so well arranged that nearly a hundred men were

treated on one night. Records were kept for each

Oompany by the company clerk. I would urge again

on the Georgia authorities that they have this done

with our troops. The vaccine can be procured at a

very reasonable rate from the laboratory of the

.A rmy Medical School at Washington. Or I believe

the Georgia State Board of Health would be glad to

furnish all we would need for this purpose.

To become convinced that Typhoid inoculation as

a preventitive i a uccess, we need only to glance at

a few figure : Durinao the Spanish- merican War

tbere were 20,738 ca es of typhoid fever, with 1,580

deaths, and all within three and one-half montbs.

(Figures from Sur. General's Report). Major F. F.

Burrell, U. S.

edical Oorp , report 12 644 per-

'ons vaccinated. Of tbis number five contracted the

disease. There were no deaths and all cases' were

mild. He further reports 418 cases of typhoid with

32 deaths, making the rate per thousand among the

vaccinated 0.39 while t1:J.at among the unvaccinated

was ten times as aoreat. The troops on the Mexican

:border were vaccinated, and went through the whole

18

camp 'thout a ingle em 'e deveiopmg among the.
vaooin~ted troops. A case developed 1n a civilian
team tel' who had not been vaccinated. Inoculation
in the English Army had reduced typhoid fever.
;among their troops to about one-third, during the~ ~Boel' War; in the German experiments to about one.'f-ourtb. The recent British experiments show a re'duction to Ie s than one-tenth. Furthermore, if .from the statistic were eliminated the cases inade quately inoculated (that is, those receiving only one injection, or who were injected with vaccine later found to be of questionable efficiency) the showing would be still more favorable. Each man should receive three injections at ten day intervals, to be ;properly protected. I believe this is important as it is to teach a soldier to know how to drill, and to live in the field under war condition.
At eleven a. m. an automobile ride over the city, through its splendid parks, out to the Soldiers' Home, with a lunch at Whitefish Bay at 1.00 p. m. (courtesy of Col. G. G. Pabst), was a welcome breach in the professional program.
At 3 :30 p. m. we were at work again. The first paper on the program was by Lieut. Col. Banister, Med. Corp. U. S. A. on "Veneral Prefilasci '''. H~ told of the work in this line which had been done in the Department of the Lakes, by educating the men by leaflets (one enclosed) and further by the means taken to have the men use preventative measures to avoid the veneral diseases if possible. He believed that they were accomplishing some good with it. It provoked some discussion and an interesting hour was spent. I believe that lectures by our Medical officers to the men would be interesting and instructive to them, and be well received.
A new surgical needle was exhibited by Lieut. Harold D. Gorbrusier, N. G. . J., of hi own invention which was very interesting. By this needle the end of the thread, of whatever kind of material, was held by a clamp at the eye of the needle, making it
79

practically a single strand needle, -thus doing away with the double strand at the eye of the needle and leaving no chance of the needle becoming unthreaded during an operation.
An interesting incident at this meeting, which was the Twentieth Anniversary of the Military Surgeons Association, which was founded by 8urg. Gen.
m. Nicholas Senn, . G. (at that time of Wiscon in.)
A picture was presented to the Association by Dr. H. M. Brown, one of the Charter Members, of the first meeting ever held. The picture was accepted by the President on behalf of the Association and will be hung in the office of the Association in Washington.
Friday, 9 a. m. An interesting paper on " An Operation for Inguinal Hernia and Fexmoral Henria" was read by Lt. Col. Buotte, St. Martin Military Hospital, Paris, France, and was well dis'cus ed, but I do not quite understand the advantage O'ained by the changes proposed.
Antonio Agudo Avila, Regimental Surgeon Captain, Argentine, offered a resolution providing for the organization of an International Military Surgeons Association. It was freely discussed and .. :fi:p.ally a committee was appointed to take the matter under advis'ement and report at next meeting.
A motion was made and carried that the Oom'luittee on LeO'islation for the ensuing year be composed wholly of members of the ational Guard and inactive Medical Re erve Corp. Thi was done becau e member of the Regular Service can do noth, ing in the way of furtherinO' legislation.
A re olution wa pa 'ed and referred, with copy of bill, to the Legi lation Committee, giving to 1edical Reserve Corps officers (on active list) retirement and 10nO'evity pay, and so forth. , At this meeting the fact was brouO'ht out that a O'ood deal of difference exists in the different States in the organization of the 'e Medical Departments and "not very near what the U. S. Government has
80

asked for," for should the whole medical force, States and Regulars, be put together under one head a good deal of confusion must result therefrom. The Bureau of Military Affairs is working along this line through its Asst. Chief, Capt. Thomason, Med. Corps. U. S. A. This will come up again, and no doubt some plan will be evolved by which something will be done to correct this, as much as possible.
And again let me urge on my brother officers of the Medical Corps of Georgia that they miss a great opportunity to learn in not taking a more active part in the Association of Military Surgeons of the United States of America.
Respectfully submitted, A. R. LINDORME,
Lieut. Medical Corps, ational Guard of Ga.

E CLOSURE 1.

COpy FOR INFORMATION

Headquarters of Division Ohio National Guard, Office of Chief Surgeon.

" OBDER No.3.

Cincinnati, 0., June 10, 1911.

The following programme will be carried out during the encampment of the Medical Department, Ohio National Guard, at Coshocton, Ohio, June 24th to July 1st, 1911; under the instruction of Majors F. P. Reynolds, E. L. Mun on, C. R.. Re'ynolds, Captain Henry D. Thomason, Medical Corps United States Army' and SerO'eants First Clas Francis E. White and Elmo D. Mathews, Hospital Corp, U. S. rmy.

FIBST DAY.
Saturday, June 24. Arrival of command. practical in truction in detrainin0', transportation and camp establi hment under organization commanders.
81

,iT

SECOND DAY.

Sunday, June 25, 8 a. m. Inspection of entire com-,
mand, camp, equipment and transportation by Lieut. Colonel J. A. Hall, Chief Surgeon, and Captain H. D. Thomason, and visiting officers.
9. a. m. Conference by Lieut. Colonel J. A. Hall and Major E. L. Munson, with all officers and enlis-
ted men regarding the course of instruction contemplated for the ensuing week, its gener.al purpo e and the olution of sanitary proble~ .. I

THffiD DAY.

Monday, June 26, a. m. Participation by entire. com- _

mand in general parade to be given in the City-

of Coshocton.

.

Practical instruction in marching~ drill and

management of transportation.

1:30 p. m. Joint conference (Major F. P. Reynolds)

officers and enlisted men, on the sanitation of

camps and prevention of di ease amo;r;tg, sol-

diers.

.

2 :30 p. m. (a) Officers conference (Major E. L. Mun-

son) on the general functions of the sanitary

service and its relation to the combatant forces;

general outline of sanitary organization for

war; zones of activity, the service of information

and orders; battle ca ualtie weapons, cover

and map readina'.

.

Sanitary service with independent battalion and squadron.

(b) Enlisted men. Litter dJ;ill;,squad,undernon-

commissioned officers.

. j.



3 :45 p. m. (a) Officers ~op:(erenc.e (Major C. R.
Reynolds) on the pa,Rers.'and records required in field service; theil!.p,urpose ~n4 preparation.
(b) Enlisted men" Prill ~ tirst aid. splinting
and bandaging under..IJ,@:commissioned officers.
Evening. Social entertainment in Coshocton. l. :., -

FOURTH DAY.
Tuesday, June 27, 7 a. m. Participation by entire command in a field problem, sanitary s'ervice with the independent battalion.
1:30 p. 'IIlo. Joint conference (Major F. P. Reynolds), officers and enlisted men, on the sanitation 01 camps and the prevention of diseases among soldiers.
2:30 p. m. (a) Officers conference (Major ID. L. Munson) on the sanitary detachment with independent regiments; including its organization, tactical disposition on the march and in action, zone of activity, transportation, stations of relief, supplies, accessory sources of assistance, etc.
(b) Enlisted men. Litter drill, platoon, under non-commissioned officers.
3:45 p. m. (a) Officers conference (Major C. R. Reynolds) internal administration and training of sanitary detachments with the battalion and regiment, equipment and supply; duties of sanitary personnel in camp; the uses and limitations of the regimental infirmary. (b) Enlisted men. Drill in ambulance loading, use of travois'; construction of improvised travois'; hammock slings; carriage of wounded without slings, etc.
4- :45 p. m. Demonstration of foregoing apparatus to medical officer .
Evening. 7 :30 p. m. Camp Fire Lyceum for all officers and non-eommissioned officers. (1) Discu sion of the field problem of the day (Major E. L. Munson) by all officers, opened by

(2) Paper by Captain H. D. Thomason, on the

relation of the Medical Department to the or-

ganization, management, duties, training, etc.,

of a newly raised infantry regiment in camp and

campaign. Discussion opened by

and _

83

FIFTH DAY.

Wedne day, June 28, 7 a. m. Participation by entire

command in field problem, sanitary service with

the independent regiment.

1:30 p. m. Joint conference (Major F. P. Reynolds)

officer and enlisted men on the anitation of

camps and the prevention of disea e among

oldiers.

2 :30 p. m. (a) Officers conference (Major E. L. Mun-

son) on stations for lightly Wounded their or-

ganization and equipment; on Ambulance Com-

panie , including organization, tactical di posi-

tion on the march and in action, zone of activity,

Dres ing Station equipment and supplies,

transportation, acce ory sources of si tance,

etc.

(b) Enlisted men. Drill in pitching and strik-

ing hospital and shelter tents, under non-com-

missioned officer .

3 :45 p. m. (a) Officers conference ( {ajor C. R. Reynold ) on the internal administration of Anibu-

lance Companie ; equipment and upply; duties

and training of per onnel in camp; care of animal and manaO"ement of transportation, etc.

(b) Enli ted m n. Drill in e tablishin0" and breakinO" up Aid and Dre inO" Station .

Evening 7 :30 p. m. Camp Fire Lyceum for all offi-

cer and non-commi ioned officers. (1) Discu sion of the field problem of the day

(Major F. P. Reynold) by all officers opened

by

_

SIXTH DAY.
Thursday, June 29, 7 a. m. Participation hy entire command in field problem, sanitary service with the independent brigade.
1:30 p. m. Joint conference (Major F. P. Reynolds) officers and enli ted men, on sanitation of camps and the prevention of di ease among soldiers.
84

2 :30 p. m. (a) Officers conference (Major E. L. Mun-

son) on Field Hospitals, including organization,

tactical disposition on the march and in action,

equipment and upplie, tran portation and

evacuation.

Re erve Sanitary Supplie , their tactical dis-

position and method of i ue.

(b) Enlisted men. Drill in unloadino' unpack-

ing and establi bing Field Hospitals, under di-

rection of commanders of those organizations.

3 :45 p. m. (a) Officers conference (Major O. R. Rey-

nold ) on the internal admini tration of Field

Ho pitals; equipment and uppl ; duties and

training of personnel in camp; the u es and limi-

tation of Field Hospitals for care of the dis-

abled. The internal admini tration of the Re-

serve Sanitary Supplies.

(b) Enlisted men. Drill in strikinO', packing

and loading Field Hospital , under direction of

commanders of those orO'anization .

Evening, 7 :3'0 p. m. Oamp Fire Lyceum for all

officers and non-commi ioned officer .

(1) Di cu ion of the field problem of the day

(Major O. R. Reynold ) opened by

_

(2) Paper by ajor E. L. )Iunson on the in-

fluence of military epidemic on the O'eoO'rapmcal expan ion, political hi tory and military

polic of the nited State. Di cus ion opened

by F. P. Reynold and

_

SEVE TH DAY.
Friday, June 30, 7 a. m. Participation by entire command, in connection with the cavalry and signal troop , in field problem, anitary service with the independent brigade.
1:30 p. m. Joint conference (Major F. P. Reynolds) officers and enlisted men, on the sanitation of camp and the prevention of di ea e among soldiers.
85

2 :30 p. m. (a) Officers Conference (Major E. L.

Munson) on the sanitary service of evacuation

and the sanitary formations of the line of com-

munications.

(b) Enlisted men. Drill in unloading, unpack-

ing and establishing Field Hospitals.

3':45 p. m. (a) Officers conference (Major F. P. Rey-

nolds) on the sanitary service and sanitary for-

mations of the base.

(b) Enlisted men. Drill in repacking instru-

ments, appliances, utensils and equipment.

Evening, 7 :30 p. m. Camp Fire Lyceum for all offi-

cers and non-commissioned officers.

(1) Discussion of the field problem of the day

(Captain H. D. Thomason) opened by .

_

(2) Paper by Major E. L. Munson, on Military

Absenteeism in war, and the relation of the

Medical Department thereto. Discussion open-

ed by Lieut. Colonel J. A. Hall and

._. _

EIGHTH DAY.
Saturday, July 1, 7 a. m. (a) Participation by all officers in a Tactical Walk. (b) For enlisted men, such exercises as commanders of the s'anitary organizations may prescribe.
P. M. No further e4ercises, JOSEPH A. HALL,
Lt. Colonel, Medical Corps, O. N. G."

OFFICIAL,
FREDERICK C. WEAVER, Maj. Medical Corps, O. N. G., Ass't. to the Chief Surgeon.

INCLOSURE 2.
"CmmJLAR No. 19.
WAR DEPARTMENT, DIVISION OF MILITIA AFFAIRS,
Washington, November 9, 1910. The Field Service Regulations, edition of 1910, provide for each military division certain sanitary
86

troops. This is a new designation for troops of the United States service and applies to the commission-' ed and enlisted personnel of the Medical Department which is assigned to field sanitary service.
The normal assignment of units 'Of sanitary troops to a military division is four ambulance companies and four field hospitals.
An ,ambulance company consists of twelve ambulances, three escort wagons, the necessary horses,draft and pack animals, with a commi ioned per-' Bonnel of four officers, a maximum enlisted strength. of seventy-nine and a minimum of forty-three.
..~. field hospital consists of medical supplies and equipment for one hundred and eight patients, eight escort wagons, the neces&ary horses, draft and pack' animals, with a commissioned personnel of five officers, a maximum enlisted strength of fifty-seven and a minimum of thirty-three.
Sanitary troops are distributed to the organizations of combatant troops which compose a military division as follows:
One ambulance company and one field hospital to. each brigade.
One ambulance company and one field hospital to the auxiliary troop , consisting of two regiments of field artillery, one regiment of cavalry, one battalion of engineer , and one battalion of signal troops. .
The duties of an ambulance company are (1) to, establish and operate dressing stations in a locality. of comparative safety where they can be reached by the ambulances, and as near as possible to the regi-. mental first-aid stations; (2) to help the sanitary. troops of the regimental first-aid stations, and (3) to carry the sick and wounded on litter to the dressing. stations, or to the farthest point reached by the ambulances, and thence in ambulances to the field , hospitals.
A field hospital is a mobile sanitary unit, centrally located be'yond the zone of 'Conflict, usually three or four miles in the rear of the dressing stations. Its '
87

function is to receive, care for, and shelter the sick and wounded which come to it from the dres ing stations. They are evacuated as rapidly as pos ible, the patients who can not retmn to duty being transferred to the stationary hospitals on the line of communication farther to the rear.
Recent investigation by the Division of Militia Affair demon trates that, with rare exceptions, no ambulance companies or field hospitals have been provided for in the organizations of the Organized Militia of the States and Territories. In case of mobilization, therefore, in military divi ion , there would be an almost complete deficiency of sanitary unit which normally should be provided therefor.
It is de ired to urge this fact upon the attention of the militia authorities of the States and Territorie and, by reason of its importance, to urge further that step be taken to provide more adequately for this particular feature of field service organization.
State and territorial militia authorities should be impre. ed with the importance of the fact that the orgamzation of these units of sanitary troop lone of the es ential auxiliary means for the maintenance of combatant troop in the highest state of efficiency for field service. In this connection reference is made to Article X page 179, Field Service Regulations, edition of 1910.
ide from their importance from a military point of view, the pos ession of such trained, orO'anized, mobile, sanitary units, capable of despatch in a few hour to cenes of civil di aster, such as fires, flood , earthquake cyclones etc., i a mo t valuable a set for a commonwealth to posse s and a potent ource of popularity and encouragement for the exi. tence of an organized militia.
The mted tate Government ha. on hand and ready for i sue about forty field ho. pital. . (material) which can be issued to the OTKanized 1\fllitia of the United States, under the provi ion of ection 1661,
88

Revi ed Statute ,a amended, or section 13 of the Militia Law, or purcha ed for cash under the provisions of section 17 of the Militia Law. The cost of the medical property pertaining to a field hospital, complete, i $5 950.
In a number of State it is believed the co t of a field ho pital can be materially decrea ed by reducing their regimental ho pital to regimental infirmaries, as provided in paragraph 593, fanual of the Medical Department, 1906, and the surplus resulting froIP thi change applied toward the equipment of a field ho pital.
By way of uo-ge tion, it may be indicated that the sanitary per onnel attached to a normal military division hould con ist, in accordance with the Field Service Regulations, edition of 1910, of-
1 lieutenant colonel, chief surgeon. 1 lieutenant colonel, sanitary in pector. 19 majors (one a i tant to chief uro-eon). 80 captain and 1 t lieutenants (one a istant to
chief uro-eon) . 35 ergeant 1 t cla . 97 sergeant and corporal. 745 privates 1st clas and privates. State havino- a military force approaching in strength a normal military divi ion should organize their sanitary ervice accordingly. States having an incomplete divisional organization may properly organize the anitary service thereof in reduced proportion. For example, the State of Ohio, whose divisional organization approximates 6,000 men, has, in a recent order, provided 69 medical officers and 282 enlisted men (Ho pital Corps). This number being regarded as sufficient to supply the sanitary personnel for all existino- combatant organizations and for two field hospitals and the two ambulance companies now composing the Organized Militia of Ohio; the order further provides that this sanitary personnel shall be increased a the need of the service demand.
89

The equipment of a field hospital is prescribed in paragraphs 58). to 590, Manual of the Medical De, partment, 1906, and that of an ambulance company in paragraph 594 and 595.
States which have only a brigade organization may well organize their sanitary personnel to include-
6 majors (one to be chief surgeon and one to be sanitary inspector).
19 captains and first lieutenants (one to be assistant to chief surgeon).
9 erO'eants 1st class. 22 sergeants and corporals. 178 privates 1st class and privates. This personnel would be sufficient for the combatant units and for one field hospital and one ambulance company. States and Territories havinO' a military force of les than briO'ade strength, but greater than one regiment, hould provide a ufficient sanitary personnel to a siO'n an adequate number to combatant organization for first-aid station service, and one unit of anitary troops, either one field hospital or one ambulance company. State or Territories bavinO' a military trenO'th equivalent to a reO'iment or malleI' unit should provide a sanitary per onnel and equipment con istinO' of one major, three captain one ergeant 1st cIa s', three sergeant and corporal twenty private J t cIa s and privates, mounts one waO'on, four draft hoI' e and one pack animal. In some in tance eetion 3, ~fi]itia Law has not been complied with ati factol-jly, in 0 far a relates to commi sioning and desiO'nating medical officer.. These officer have not in all ca e been commi ioned aFl officer of a 1nedical corps. but as re!rimental medical officer.. In other State lliedlcal officer have been commi, sioned as ". urgeon. " and" a sistant . urO'eons," whereas no uch title exi t now in the Reg-ular Army. Some State and Territories have not a yet made provi ion for an enlisted sani.
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tary personnel and others have not provided medical or surgical supplies and equipment.
It is' hoped the above irregularities and deficiencies will be corrected, in order that the sanitary personnel and equipment throughout the Organized militia may conform more fully to the standard and organization of those of the Medical Department of the
rmy. (19694-D. M. A.) By ORDER OF THE SECRETARY OF WAR:
LEONARD WOOD,
Major General, Chief of Staff."
OFFICIAL:
E. M. WEAVER, Colonel General Staff Corps, Assi tant to the Chief of Staff, Chief of Divi ion.
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