GA-
t. T1DD, P f o . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -_ _------. HI , I
~) ICl99 , 'Ei5

-r . ~I.

,I

Y, ,,'

State Route 133 Corridor Study
Albany to Valdosta
Dougherty, Worth, Colquitt, Brooks, and Lowndes Counties

Prepared By: Office of Planning Ulysses Mitchell September 30, 1999
"
,I


TABLE OF CONTENTS

State Route 133 Corridor Study

Albany to Valdosta

EXECU. TIVE. SUMMARY

The Office of Planning received several requests to evaluate the State Route (SR) 133 corridor between Albany and Valdosta. One request came from the district as a result of a meeting between a DOT Board member and a delegation from Colquitt County. The second request came from a U.S. Representative in response to a letter he received from one of his constituents.

In 1989, the Department conducted two studies of the SR-133 corridor. One study covered SR-133 from Albany to Moultrie. This study concluded that the service provided by the corridor would be acceptable for, at least.ten years. The second study covered the portion of the corridor from Moultrie to Valdosta and concluded that this portion of the corridor was adequate for present and future traffic.

Study results reveal that this route currently functions at an acceptable level of service, except for

the areas immediately south of Albany and immediately north of Valdosta. No project is

..

currently programmed to address the deficiency south of Albany. However, construction project

STP-032-2(l8)01 in 'Brooks County (immediately north of Valdosta) is currently under

construction to widen the section of roadway to four-lanes. After this project is completed and

opened to traffic, the level of service will increase from level D to level A.

Within 23 years, all of SR-133 between Albany and Moultrie will reach an unacceptable level of service. On SR-133 between Moultrie and Valdosta, the section of SR-133 between the west limits of the current construction project and Brooks Comity Road 10 (TC Station 225) will drop to an unacceptable level of service by 2013. The study recommendations are shown on Map 7. The section between Berlin and Morven is not projected to reach an unacceptable level until well

Office of Planning 1

State Route 133 Corridor Study

Albany to Valdosta

beyond 2023. The other sections of SR-133 between Moultrie and Valdosta will not fall below acceptable levels until after 2018.

In response to local requests for analysis of the impact of farm equipment on SR-133'~ traffic, the truck percentages were increased from 15% to 17%. The occurrence of farm equipment on the highway is more prevalent during planting and harvesting seasons during the non-peak hour traffic. A worse case scenario was assumed in computing the Level of Service. Traffic on new or widened routes normally experience a 20%-30% increase in volume due to traffic diverted or attracted from other streets within the network. An additional 20% of through traffic was applied to traffic on SR-133 be,tween Moultrie and Valdosta. The increased truck percentages and the additional traffic generated from the diverted traffic accelerated the decline in the projected level of service on the section between SR-76 in Morven and the four-lane section west of Valdosta.

The Office of Planning recommends two projects for SR-133 between Albany and Moultrie: a short-range project to address the current deficiencies immediately south of Albany and a longrange project between the south limit of the short-range project and the four-lane section in Moultrie. The 24-mile long-range project can be divided into three smaller projects to be constructed between 2012 and 2020 and has an estimated construction cost of $59,110,000. The short-range project is estimated to cost $12,300,000.

Three long-range projects recommended for SR-133 between Moultrie and Valdosta are at an estimated cost of $47,100,000. The recommended project between Berlin and the four-lane section of SR-133 south of Moultrie is estimated to cost $15,800,000, the project located between Morven and Brooks County Road 10 is estimated to cost $15,100,000 and the project between Brooks County Road 10 and Brooks County Road 276 is estimated to cost $16,200,000. All of the projects recommended in the study are shown on Map 7.

Office of Planning

ii --!

',.T.

t'....!': '

State Route 133 Corridor Study

Albany to Valdosta

SCOPE'
The Office of Planning received several requests to evaluate the State Route (SR) 133 corridor between Albany and Valdosta (see Map 1). One request came from the district as a result of a meeting between a DOT Board member and a delegation from Colquitt County, The second request came from a U.S, Representative in response to a letter he received from one of his constituents.

This study does not include the section of SR-133 located in Moultrie (see Map 2) which already has four lanes and a level of service A. The level of service (LOS) is not expected to fall below a level B at any time during the next 20 years (Levelof Service is explained in Appendix A). The 1994 through 1997 accident rates for SR-133 in Moultrie are below the average statewide accident rate for similar routes.

BACKGROUND
The SR-133 corridor traverses five counties; Colquitt, Lowndes, Brooks, Worth, and Dougherty (see Map 1). This corridor begins at SR-3/U.S. 19 in Albany and extends southeasterly through Moultrie to Interstate' 75 in Valdosta. In Moultrie, the corridor runs common with SR-33 and SR-35.

Four of the five counties increased in population between "the 1980 and 1990 census (see

Table 1 on page 4). Lowndes County showed the highest increase at 11.8%.. The population in

Dougherty County dropped 4.4% during the same period. However, the city of Albany (located

in Dougherty County) showed an increase in population of 5.5%. The 3.6% population increase

"

.

Office of Planning
1

~~)f-"'"~~f;t~ MAPi~~'"

.-,u~_
..... ' L .

/"

~~J ---.:lh~~ ),(l2j~ O'~ i~,~. DO10DG'E\_'\ ~ I~,

ROUTE 133 CORRIDOR

Location of Dougherty, Worth, Colquitt, Brooks, and Lowndes Counties ..

.l
,p 133
I
]

MAP 2

ff / LOS - Level Service
" . ~ \ MDT - Annua Average Dail Traffic .
3

State Route 133 Corridor Study

Albany to Valdosta

in Colquitt County occurred in the rural areas of the county. All of the cities in Colquitt County
experienced a decrease in population.

Table 1 POPULATION

Community
Dougherty County Albany
Worth County Colquitt County
Berlin Doerun Moultrie Brooks County Morven Lowndes County Valdosta Georgia

Population

1970

1980

89,639. 72,623 14,770 32,298
422 1,157 14,400 13,743
449 55,112 32,303 4,589,575

100,710 74,059 18,064 35,376
538 1,062 15,708 15,255
471 67,972 37,596 .5,463,105

Growth (%) 1990 1970-1980 1980-1990

96,311 78,122 19,745 36,645
480 899 14,865 15,398 536 75,981 39,806 6,478,149

12.4 2.0 22.3 9.5 27.5 -8.2 9.1 11.0 4.9 23.3 16.4 19.0

-4.4 5.5 9.3 3.6
-10.8 -15.3
-5.4 0.9 13.8 11.8 5.9 18.6

Each of the five counties have a portion of their work force commuting outside of the county for employment. Dougherty, Lowndes and Colquitt Counties have the lowest rate of residents commuting outside of the county for employment. Dougherty County has 7% of its employed residents commuting to another county for work, while Lowndes County has 9% and Colquitt County 18%. Worth and Brooks Counties have the highest number of residents commuting outside of the county. Over half (57%) of Worth County's employed residents commuted to another county. Brooks County has 42% of their employed residents working outside of the county.

In 1989, the Department concluded two studies of the SR-133 corridor. One study covered SR-133 from Albany to 'Moultrie. The other study covered SR-3,3 and SR-94 (both SR-33 and Office of Planning
4

State Route 133 Corridor Study

Albany to Valdosta

SR-94 were later redesignated as SR-133) from Moultrie to Valdosta. The Albany to Moultrie corridor study concluded that the service provided by the corridor would be acceptable for at least ten years. The study also recommended the addition of two passing lane sections, one in Dougherty County and one in Colquitt County. The Office of Traffic and Safety concurred with the passing lane recommendation in Colquitt, but did not concur with the passing lane in Dougherty County.

The Moultrie to Valdosta Study concluded that the corridor was adequate for present and future. traffic; except for a few locations and recommended passing lanes in Colquitt south of Moultrie and in Brooks County. The study also recommended that three miles -of the corridor west of Valdosta be widened to four lanes.

ROADWAY CHARACTERISTICS
As a result of the 1989 studies, several projects have been constructed or are programmed for construction. In 1996 a northbound passing lane was constructed in Brooks County north of Morven and a southbound passing lane south of Morven. Presently, there is a widening project (STP-032-2(l8)OI) under construction in Brooks County. The project begins west of CR-276 and extends east to CR-549 in Lowndes County. There is also a passing lane project (STP-032-2(26)) in Colquitt County between Wesley Chapel Road and Adel Road that is programmed for construction. Northbound and southbound passing lanes will be constructed, increasing the number of lanes to two in each direction. A widening project (STP-032-2(28 programmed for Colquitt County, located between Spence Field and SR-35, will add a 20-foot median to the existing four-lane section. Both projects are in long range. Project locations are
Office of Planning
5

State Route 133 Corridor Study

Albany to Valdosta

shown on Map 3. The projects in Brooks County, Lowndes County, and the passing lane project in Colquitt County were recommended by the previous studies.

The average width of the SR-133 corridor is 24 feet with four to seven-foot shoulders and an average of 100 feet of right of way. Shoulder type varies with width of shoulder. In the city of Moultrie the average pavement width is 48 feet with five-foot shoulders. The corridor's length is 70.6 miles with a breakdown of county mileage shown in Table 2.
Table 2 COUNTY MILEAGE

COUNTY Dougherty Worth Colquitt Brooks. Lowndes TOTAL

TOTAL LENGTH 8.68 10.35
30.23 20.20
1.14 70.6

There are passing lanes in Dougherty, Brooks, and. Worth Counties. Dougherty County has a northbound passing lane approximately four miles north of the DoughertylWorth county line. In Brooks County, there are two passing lanes, one located south and one located north of Morven .. Worth County has a northbound passing lane just north of SR-112 and a southbound passing lane approximately three miles north of the Worth/Colquitt county line.

Office of Planning
6

,z;t
l0,<~~=-."
"~"J~",,~'

" ....

" .*' -,..-.;~ t' .,

I '. 's2O' ~ .~ : "~B"r. o""ok'll"iel!1~1;:~;- ~I=-. 4-~ "\ .;. ~ 6'2!:JJ

35 ~j
~

; r' s

.(- Pereotse

~:;,

n,'djJ

Public

_ F. ishing, A r e ai

_~meQ ~rogramm~d Projects

.,;/; - --'~ ~ ,I 14~ ~( 125

11
12

!""-.:.... . . ,..

Willac,

BERRIEN

"m Now

' \ . ~ Crosland

";

c. \

~~'" <: 34

22

~?; NO .;

'~'~"''>'i\",

."~'.:.,,;It ..:..,.,;.v,"~,~~:.~.,'v.~.', z.,. .'..I.,,.'.. :"lW)7 "'C"' ' ' O'/\.O'-KP~!

35 r"\~",';,'1~"};"<"':"":'%.;'''j'''''t'''''~ Cool Springs

~.~.

1

STP-032-2(28) P.I.# 431780

~~.~~~~;:J.~_~EI~ler Widening to add center median from Spence Field G .to State Route 3~ (East Moultrie Bypass).

Status: Preconstruction

Program: Long Range

~~/
I

. ~2 ',. A~ del' j . 1 .

,.

. ~7

_____-+--~-STP-032-2(26) P.I.# 422450

( Northbound and' southbound passing lanes from

44~ Wesley Chapel Road to Adel Road. -r.';. ~tatus:(~reconstruction Program: Long Range.

ille

:;

TH 0 MAS

r:
I ..

(53 )
M4nl~nN\

7
376-

State Route 133 Corridor Study

Albany to Valdosta

TRAFFIC CHARACTERISTICS
The 1998 traffic volumes along SR-133 range from 2,600 vehicles per day to 14,300 vehicles per day (see Map 4). The volumes increase as traffic approaches the cities of Valdosta, Moultrie, and Albany. In Valdosta west of Interstate 75, the traffic volume is 14,300 vehicles per day and the traffic is 8,000 vehicles per day east of Albany. Truck traffic accounts for 15% of the traffic volume along the corridor.

Like most rural highways in Georgia, SR-133 is used by farmers to move farm equipment from one field or farm to another. The presence of the farm equipment has a tendency to cause a queue of vehicles to form behind the farm equipment when there is no opportunity for vehicles to pass. The occurrence of farm equipment on the highway is more prevalent during planting and harvesting seasons during the non-peak hour traffic. To compensate for the presence of farm equipment, the truck percentage was increased from 15% to 17% in computing the level of service on SR-133.

The LOS improves as traffic moves away from the three major cities along SR-133. Most of the segments along SR-133 currently function at a C level of service or higher (see Map 4). Approaching Albany and approaching the BrookslLowndes county line, the level of service drops to D. Approximately midway between Albany and Moultrie and halfway between Moultrie and Valdosta, SR-133 functions at a level of service B. The drop in the level of service as traffic approaches Albany and Valdosta is reflective of the rise in traffic volumes near these cities, which mimics the commute patterns of those residents in Brooks and Worth counties working in either Albany, Moultrie or Valdosta.
Office of Planning
8

.I

MAP 4

I.

LEGEND
LOS - Level of Service MDT - Annual Average Daily Traffic
.i
9
.J
1 _ _ - - - - - , - _ _- - - - 'i

State Route 133 Corridor Study

Albany to Valdosta

By the year 2018, the majority of SR-133 between Albany and Moultrie will be at a D level of service with the section of roadway between SR-112 and. Doerun functioning at a level C. Between Moultrie and Valdosta, the majority of SR-133 will function at a level C through 2018. Refer to Map 5 for 20 18 ~raffic.

There are only two segments along SR-133 that are above the 1997 statewide average accident rate. A segment in LowndeslBrooks Counties, where 30 accidents occurred, has been above the statewide accident rate the past four years. Eight of the accidents occurred at the intersection of Lowndes County Road (CR) 549, five of which were rear-end accidents. There were also seven accidents at the intersection of Lowndes County Road 524, five of which were angle-intersecting accidents and four involved left-tum movements. In 1996, there were also 30 accidents within the LowndeslBrooks Counties segment. There were eleven accidents in 1996 at the intersection
,
with CR-524 and eleven at the intersection with CR-549. The concentration of accidents at CR-549 and at CR-524 decreased slightly over the past year. Refer to the inset on the map in Appendix B for the location of Lowndes County Road 549 and Lowndes County Road 524.
}
The second segment with 1997 accident rates above the statewide average is located at Traffic Count Station 225 in Brooks County. Appendix B contains accident data for 1994 through 1997 and a map of the Traffic Count Stations. There were 23 accidents at this location in 1997, which is a small decrease from the 26 accidents in 1996. Nine of the 1997 accidents were rear-end accidents. However, the accidents were dispersed along the 6.66-mi1e segment.

Office of Planning
10

/

I

MAPS


LEGEND . LOS - Level of Service AADT - Annual Average Daily Traffic
11

State Route 133 Corridor Study

Albany to Valdosta

ANALYSIS
There are currently two segments of SR-133 that are functioning at unacceptable level of services. Both segments, the segment west of Valdosta in Brooks County and the segment southeast of Albany in Dougherty County are functioning at a level D. The segment west of Valdosta has accident rates that have been above the statewide average for the past four years. The construction project under way to widen this section of roadway will increase the level of service on the segment to a level A and should reduce the accident rate by decreasing the density Of vehicles per lane. The project will allow greater distance between cars and allow more time to react to unanticipated incidents on the highway.

The second segment southeast of Albany is partially located within the urbanized area boundary

of Albany and wholly within the study area of the Dougherty Area Regional Transportation

Study (DARTS). There are no projects programmed in the Department's Construction Work

.

Program to address the current deficiencies in the level of service or the accident rate, which is

above the state average.

With the projected growth in traffic over the next 20 years, the section of SR-133 between Albany and Moultrie will have a level-of service D by 2021. Traffic Count Station 154 is projected to reach a level D in approximately two years. A map showing the traffic count stations is included in Appendix B. The majority of the upper section will be at a level D in approximately 18 years. There are no projects currently programmed for SR-133 between Albany and Moultrie.

Office of Planning
12

State Route 133 Corridor Study

Albany to Valdosta

Traffic Count Station 225 west of Valdosta is projected to reach a level of service D as traffic
."
volumes increase around 2012. Increasing the opportunity to pass by adding passing lanes along
this segment or the section between Albany and Moultrie will not significantly improve the level
of service.

. Additional widening or opening a new road to traffic will cause an estimated 20%-30% diversion .
of traffic from surrounding surface streets to the newly improved (constructed) route. When the
\
section of SR-133 between Albany and Moultrie is widened, some traffic would be diverted from SR-520 and the local network to SR-133. To account for the diverted traffic, traffic volumes on SR-133 between Moultrie and Valdosta were adjusted beginning the year after improvements are completed on SR-133 between Albany and Moultrie. The additional traffic generated from the diverted traffic will accelerate the decline in the level of service on the section of SR-133 between SR-76 in Morven and the four-lane section west of Valdosta. Map 6 shows the effect of diverted traffic assuming SR-133 from Albany and Moultrie is multi-Ianed by 2020.

CONCLUSION
Although several sections of SR-133's accident rate exceeded the average statewide accident" rate, the overall rate is below the state average. This route currently functions at an acceptable level of service, except for the areas immediately south of Albany (Traffic Count Station 158) and the area immediately north of Valdosta (Traffic Count Station 223r The construction project underway in Brooks County will widen the section of roadway immediately north of Valdosta to four-lanes which will increase the level of service from level D to level A. This section will decrease to a B level of service within 20 years.
Office of Planning
13

MAP 6
w

- r --~\Tr-'U",I

~l I

...

I LOWNDES

LOS - Level of Service AADT - Annual Average Daily Traffic
14

State Route 133 Corridor Study

Albany to Valdosta

Within 23 years, all of SR-133 between Albany and Moultrie will have reached an unacceptable level of service. The section immediately south of Albany (TC Station 158) is presently at a level D, and the section (TC Station 154) immediately south of there will reach a level D in approximately two years. The remainder of SR,.133 between Albany and Moultrie will drop' to a level D before 2018 except for a short section mid-way between Doerun and Moultrie and a section between SR-1l2 and Doerun. These two sections of SR-133 will not reach a level of Service D until around 2020 and 2023. SR-133 in Doerun should reach a level of service D around 2018.

On SR-133 between Moultrie and Valdosta, the section between the west limits of the current

construction project and Brooks County Road 10 (TC Station 225) will drop to an unacceptable

level of service by 2013. Other sections on the southern half of SR-133 will not reach



unacceptable levels until after 2018. The effect of diverted traffic on the southern half of SR-133

will be minimum at best until after construction of the entire northern half is completed around

2020. SR-133 between Morven and Brooks County Road 10 will reach a level of service D by

2023. The only other section on the southern half that is projected to drop to an unacceptable

level is the section south of Moultrie between the existing four-lane roadway and the city of

Berlin. This section is projected to reach a level D around 2021. The section of SR-133 between

Berlin and Morven is not expected to reach an unacceptable level well beyond 2023.

Only one of the three programmed projects along SR-133 will affect the level of service upon completion of construction. The Moultrie project is a safety project and involves adding a raised . median.. The Berlin Project adds passing lanes, but the additional lanes are not enough to
Office of Planning
15

State Route 133 Corridor Study

Albany to Valdosta

increase the level of service significantly. The Valdosta project adds passing lanes in both directions for.the entire length of Traffic Count Station 223, thus increasing the level of service.

RECOMMENDATIONS.
The Office of Planning recommends a, short-range project to widen SR-133 to four lanes beginning in Albany at the four-lane section of SR-133 and extending approximately 4.9 miles south of CR-134 (Gibson Road). Recommended projects are shown on Maps 7.. The traffic tapers off from 7,300 vehicles per day north of CR-468 (Spring Flats Road) down to 5,700 vehicles per day. southof CR-134.. The .cost to four-lane with a 44-foot grassed median is approximately $12,300,000 including extending the right-of-way to 250 feet.

A widening project should also be developed for the section of roadway south of Gibson Road



extending approximately 24 miles to the multi-lane section in Moultrie (see Map 7). The

widening can be subdivided into three smaller projects with the section between the proposed

short-range project and SR-112 being completed by 2012. This section is about 6.8 miles and is

estimated to cost $15,700,000. The second project would begin just north of Doerun city limits

and extend east to ~he four-lane section in Moultrie. This project would be 11.3 miles in length

at an estimated cost of $29,600,000 and should be scheduled for completion by 2017. The third

project would include the section between projects one and two from SR-112 to the north city

limits of Doerun. The project would have an estimated length of 5.9 miles and an estimated cost

of $13,800,000. The third project should be scheduled for completion by 2020. The total cost

for widening the section of SR-133 between the proposed short-range project and the existing

four-lane section north of Moultrie is approximately $59,110,000.

Office of Planning
16

MAP 7


STP-032-2(26) Project to add NB and SB passing lanes. Long-Range

Long-Range Project
Can be sub-divided into three projects.
Long-Range Project
17

State Route 133 Corridor Study

Albany to Valdosta

The section of SR-133 in Dougherty County has to be evaluated by the MPO, AlbanyDougherty County Planning Commission. If the MPO concurs with this study's recommendation, the recommended projects will have to be included in the Dougherty Area Regional Transportation Study (DARTS). See Appendix C for an explanation of DARTS.

Three long-range projects are recommended for the section of SR-133 between Moultrie and

Valdosta. The four-lane section west of Valdosta will need to be extended beginning at the west

project limits of the existing construction project and ending .near Brooks County Road 10.

.Construction and right-of-way is estimated to cost $16,200,000 for the approximately seven

miles. The project should be scheduled for completion by 2013. The remaining section of

SR-133 between Morven and Brooks County Road 10 (5.5 miles) will need to be widened by

2019 at an approximate cost of $15,100,000. The third recommended project is approximately



6.2 miles and would extend the four-lane section south of Moultrie to Berlin at an estimated cost

of $15,800,000. This recommended project would encompass the programmed project

STP-032-2(26), which adds northbound and southbound passing lanes. These two projects

should be combined and constructed by 2021.

Office of Planning
18

APPENDIX A
,
19

Level-of-Service

Level-of-Service is defined as a qualitative measure describing operational conditions within a

traffic stream. There are six identified Levels-of-Service a roadway can operate. Each of the

six are identified by a letter, A through F with Level-of-Service A representing the best

operating conditions and Level-of-Service F the worst. For example, Level-of-Service A

represents free flow. Individual users are virtually unaffected by the presence of others in the

traffic. stream.. The general level of comfort and convenience provided to the motorist is

excellent. Level-of-Service C marks the beginning of a range of flow in which the operation of.

the individual users becomes significantly affected by interactions with others in the traffic

stream. The general level of comfort declines noticeably at this level. Level-of-Service E



represents operating conditions at or near capacity. All speeds are reduced to. a low, but

relatively uniform value. Comfort and convenience levels are extremely poor. Level-of-

Service F is when traffic flow has shut down completely and the traffic stre~m is characterized

by stop-and-go traffic.

Information on Level-of-Service was taken from "Highway Capacity Manual" Special Report 209.
20

,

' - . 1\.

LEVEL OF SERVICE

LOS Adescribes free-flow operations. Free-
flow speeds prevail. Vehicles are almost completely unimpeded in their ability to
maneuver within traffic.

LOS Brepresents reasonably free flow, and
tree-now speeds are maintained. The ability to maneuver within the traffic stream is only slightly restricted, and the general level of physical and
psychological comfort provided to drivers is still high.



LOS C provides for flow with speeds at or near

the free-flow speed. Freedom to maneuver within

the traffic stream is noticeably restricted, and

passing requires more care and vigilance on the

part of the driver.

LOS Dis the level at which speeds begin to
decline slightly with increasing flows. Freedom to maneuver within the traffic stream is more . noticeably limited. The driver experiences reduced physical and psychological comfort levels.
LOS E describes operation at capacity.
Operations at this level are volatile, there being virtually no usable gaps in-the traffic stream. Maneuverability within the traffic stream is extremely limited, and the level of physical and . psychological comfort afforded the driver is poor.

21

Traffic Count Stations



y

'.

.

\, r"oupville

c:'1r
\
r-.~
~~'

I I
I

Inset

..I...~

~"> ''lo..~~ ,

,

24

~

APPENDIXC

a

27

DARTS
Dougherty Area 'Regional Transportation Study
The City of Albany Department of Planning and Development Services provides local staff support for the Dougherty Area Regional Transportation Study (DARTS). The purpose of the study is to see that federal-aid Transportation projects are planned in a continuous, coordinated,
,
and comprehensive manner. The DARTS area includes those areas that are expected to become urbanized over the next 20 years. Currently, the DARTS study area includes all of Dougherty County and the southern portion of Lee County. The DARTS process was mandated by the 1962 Highway Act, which required that a transportation planning process be established in all metropolitan areas. Before federal funds can be expended on a project in the Albany urbanized

area, the project must come out of the DARTS planning process. Organization of the study is centered around the Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO). The MPO is composed of elected, appointed, and advisory officials from the federal, state, and local levels. The DARTS planning process operates under a three committee structure composed of (1) the Policy Committee, ,(2) the Technical Coordinating Committee, and (3) the Citizens' Transportation committee.
28