After the flood : rebuilding communities through historic preservation

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Georgia Department oj Natural Resources

Our Mission
To promote the preservation and use of historic places for
a better Georgia.

Our Vision
Georgia will be a better place tomorrow than it is today, providing quality communities in which to live, work, learn and recreate. Historic places will be widely valued as irreplaceable resources that contribute to our heritage, our economy, our neighborhoods, and our sense of who we are as Georgians. Communities and the State will plan for growth and change that respect and include our historic places. Communities will possess the knowledge, the legal and financial tools, and the authority to decide how preservation and new development will relate to one another. There will still be distinctions between city and suburbs, developing areas and countryside. All Georgians will posess a greater understanding and apprecialtion of our shared heritage in all its variations. People and organizations throughout Georgia will work in partnership to preserve and use historic places. Georgia's communi tiC's, economy, environment, and people will be beller because of the preservation of historic resources.

COVER Pl-IOTOGRAPHS:
/top) Montezuma, '994
(bot/olll) Montezuma, 1996. Daryl Barksdale, Historic Preservation Division, photographer.

DING COMMUNITIES THROUGH HISTORIC PRESERVATION
SEPTEMB ER 1997

CONTENTS

Preface

3

Georgia Counties Declared Disaster Areas

4

1. Introduction

5

The Disaster Begins

5

Historic Property Damage

6

2. Response to Disaster

7

The Crisis Unfolds

7

First Steps

7

Response Teams

7

Coordination and Recovery Planning

8

The Flood Recovery Program

9

Ingredients for Success

9

Information

10

Coordination

10

Funding

10

3. Program Funding

11

Securing the Federal Allocation

11

Eligible Grant Activities

11

4. Case Studies: Flood Recovery Funds at Work

13

Baker County Courthouse, Newton, Baker County

13

Old Webster County Jail, Preston, Webster County

14

Fielder's GristMill and Gin, Junction City, Talbot County

14

Ables Residence, Buena Vista, Marion County

15

Radium Springs Casino, Albany, Dougherty County

16

Regional Archeological Surveys and Studies

17

Downtown Courthouse Square, Lumpkin, Stewart County

18

Downtown Commercial District, Plains, Sumter County

19

Downtown Facade and Structural Block Grants, Montezuma,

20

Macon County

5. Review of Federal Actions

24

Coordination With Federal Agencies

24

Results of Review

24

6. Some Keys to Success

26

Planning Assistance

26

Architectural Assistance

26

Partnership With the Georgia Trust for Historic Preservation

27

Partnership With the National Trust for Historic Preservation

27

Teamwork Brought Results

28

7. Special Events amI Educational Activities

29

Local Celebrations

29

Workshops and Educational Materials

31

1

AFTER THE FLOOD

8. Putting it All Together: Success ofthe Program and Lessons

Learned

33

SUIl1l1la1Y

33

Success of the Program

34

Lessons Learned

35

Appendix A: Financial Summary of Georgia's Flood Recovery

Program

37

Appendix B: Summary ofFlood Recovery Program Grant

Projec~

38

Appendix C: Additional Funding Sources

40

Appendix D: Program Handouts and Information

41

Appendix E: Acknowledgments

54

Credits

57

2

PREFACE
What began as a rainy Fourth ofJuly weekend that put the damper on picnics and cancelled fireworks around the state quickly became the real disaster of Tropical Stonn Alberto, an unrelenting rain that did not let up for days, and that changed the lives of thousands of people throughout Georgia. The televised images of the resulting flooding cannot truly convey the horror of this natural disaster. The cost to people and place is almost immeasurable. Tropical Stonn Alberto was the greatest natural disaster in Georgia's history. Fifty-five counties in Georgia, from Atlanta southward, were declared federal disaster areas by President Clinton by mid-July, 1994. Lives were lost, and billions of dollars of private and public property were destroyed or damaged. Thousands ofhistoric places, buildings, and sites were threatened with destruction. Even before the rains ended, Georgia citizens and government agencies responded fiercely to tllis threat. Rapid response saved lives and property, as communities banded togetller to help one another. l1lis report highlights one part of the many efforts of individuals and organizations to assist people and communities devastated by natural disaster. The Historic Preservation Division, which serves as the state's official historic preservation agency, worked with many other partners in delivering key technical and financial resources both during and after this critical period. This assistance involved a host of organizations and agencies, members of Georgia's Congressional delegation, federal and state agencies, and countless local heroes who worked to ensure tllat tlleir historic properties were saved. In workingwitll many groups throughout the state, tllis collaborative partnership was able to turn tlle tragedy of tlle disaster into a catalyst for positive change. As you read about the results of tIle Flood Recovery Program, you will get an idea of tlle scope of our collective efforts, representing the absolute best of government action and private partnership. I am very proud of this effort. In July of 1994, no one would have imagined that stronger, better communities and community spirit would have arisen from such destruction. This report is a tribute to tllese communities. I hope that otIlers will be able to use the example of tllis recovery program, if and when tlley are faced witIl tlle challenge of rebuilding after a natural disaster.
Mark R. Edwards Director and State Historic Preselvation Officer
3

Georgia Counties Declared Disaster Areas
Fifty-five counties were declared disaster areas by President Clinton in July 1994 following Tropical Storm Alberto. The map shows the rivers in Georgia and the flooded counties.
4

I. INTRODUCflON

Tbt DiSil.JIlr IHillJ

On d>o wffi<tnd of July 4lh, 1m, 1OU1Ivm half of Gmrga2. '"'"K hi ..~lh ruo<d ~ ....f2Il f T 1CIiI Soonn AIIxno. Tht o.totm RV;I'ftd on {rom d>o Gulf of ;\/cnco saIIcd over Gcorpa few _ th;on a
..-edt, rdcndcaly pourw>g up 10 z.4 n:hes of""" ()\-e< halfofdot JI2Ie. Ai a .-.It,
!he Otmulp 1nd Fl."" R.~ and ooundeu I~ and ~ CttS"",, u
m:onl bonk>ns Ie-.'ds.

Tlw: fM\ Wf\bI'lUtd nonsI<Ip lOr dr>'m days. IUvcn .-.d auks,u~.gpdby run-

off, O~,ftowcd as lhq ""'-kd sou1hw3ld lbc..-..WIDowed bndp,

ohmI,toado ..... IV\>C!Utn .. "" padl. Ai floodInglflCfnKd,!ova wen: 100......

d...... .........-i," ma- cltM' dw TtcpCIiI Storm A1brno had auoed Ihc

........ .,I0OI< wonl naNn! <M"~ 0'Ve< 10 stn"kc lhe Ita" ole-p. "floe< lhc ... fin>lI}'

cnso:d...t Ihc ftood wmn <=lied,

oe--aal dIfl ro. .... _ 10 n.'<I'de.

n.. C ..... 1'Iood ofl'4 '"'U. SOO-yea< flood, wcne 1han onyoneCtlUld Iu,,,

"71om!', _ .....,., "" .... ill
e - p --.". 1'1>1, ""'" dtq
_ ,,",-.J-U1M "'*<NJ ... H<.,..,...,cJIIo_"
_~ un !ofil/u

1'ht cITem ,""C'n'drvu"'''''g. o.tt IO.ooo"luart: mil", ",(I>nd on ~ ........ rnmpIndy ...bmorgtd Half I milhon acrn off.nnlw ...... Ut1dc,w;lfer, 33
p<Ople 1oo.I1ho,' l"'n ..>Ii 60,000 or more ....'" suddenly homel.,... 0"", 150
poople on !Ilbony h>d to be: t,'XUed by boat, and AlInn, Sr.Ut Un"".. ,,)" "'....
"""rly dc"",)-.:d. M"", lh:an 150.0<Xl ",.o<knts of )T,bcon ....,re ..,tl>out ....,'er for two .....,.,k. 'J1"""mds (}f I~ oeros. IOUlh Gm'S'. we", destroyed.
I.""... to b""I1<"""""'''' ,n~.. mill,ons of doll.rs, Th"'" WU r2i" .nd ...,,><1 dom.'gt ,,'{'II ao flood d..",gc; dom, we", br.ached; rood. ond brOdges
coIl.pK'd; SInkholes appeared; ~Ih h...",b mounted;.r>d the hclihoods,
posse "",. hope, and memorie. of thou.",,,!J "fGeorgi.... ' ",e~ '''''P' ~""';
by d>e flooo.b.

SI:.l'. eov OnJull' 6,

..-7..,U .\lill., dn:Ia<! ~ of",,>ergot..,. AflA:' th..... tbys

of lOI>ri"S tho d>INgt' l>e wd, -11.....1101 ""j'd\M\ll hloo: th.. on ~ h.J'lO<)'_
r"" ""'" 'Iol ofCoorg.. hlSto<y boob:and t1ug/>t" on my hfo, and I<bl', knoo,'

of "",th"'8 "",', h'Pf""'"d of thIS ""'l9"fU<k. PI,," th1' thq' ....... dI...-onl

would be lCUChtd '"'"' ~"'S co.Otod '" ...........

A f"",d'J1 b ..., plnldnua..mn da:hm:l 55.",..,...,. on Goorp, 12 coun...,.
.. Hon<b, and 10 on Abb1m>.:as 1'1tiomI o.s:as.... A..... It .. ntl.",,,'Od dw
Gtoq;I:l'. coal fll"l3na3llou .... gtntn" dun SI bill00n.

,

AfTER THE FLOCll

His/oric ProfNrf} DtIm(lU

The ~ -:l Gmrpa'.

t.Ioricptq)(_"'2Ioloo
<In .. M>nJ of 1he

"~"'"...". tlhal, o""eored b- ..;

Il'<S - -.... ouch as
~ ..eu" I...mpkin.

Mcnoauma, and NewD'I

- - . . lXli''P'4Cd _

od, ... .. ordyofhalol: pq:colld
~ptOb,_

~ Aod .. V ol Iotlts,

lXlil"O'~"" banb of """' ... bIcr:s, ..'ft'I:

Irft <:lCpOIftI aflel" lhe ....

... .. ""dc'd, Roof. of

!Iuroddoo(lwlOncb.tikl- If~ of IrlslOrle b.,/d$<lp Ilt~ /Iris rut"","
...go "'ft'I: cbnogd br.... ...~d m-agcfr- ntllI,f/ood. ~u. ",lid
w~>.I.I.,m:kan~d)o(nl'"o"u"n"c,bt,io,n_I. <WJd ",i/dnt.

<:o<rmerc"" """led b,r /Ioodong. the mare MIOne

ctn""'of~lonl\"Zlnrl'tood '"

","""10 d>el'QO/"tops, Thehis,oric African Amoncan ~>oo<J ofAJl.>:>ny was

c:a..-<=! ,~rtLi:OIly cleotrO;,I. The Auch~ Cm!k

llndjp: """ ",-ulled away

in d"' .... ~ wall:n, In :Ill, as many as ZSOI...wn:: properties ""... d.nugrd or

deslI'll)'Cd by d", G"". Aood of 199~.

111M<!hismnc: prope'bCllud gffil' cu!...<:11 :and hi.toric-.ll;&", rocanc<= tlu., could no<
J.. reapron:d ,f 10$. liovo~"tt, m. historic plOCel repreomll'd """" d..., lusto<y -:l m." oon.nuni bn; dlf:}'"""" d",~.m. busoncsocI, Ihtd>un:hcl, m.1d>ook.
and !he oetllC<l of !IP'.etJ\I........ of many ~.. Ren.bil;"'hng hiIIOnC pooptlbu ., II.. aftmn:Mh ofT""P"""I Soorm .......<10 "':II ,1tII for d>e ~ of d>e ""'y of 11&0 of ....... co:ron.>rot>es-

..n Thc""l"""C-:l .... ~br ltandfcdi:fal~andb1~..'2I ....

and

, eo."'mor:.I . . - ..dt:>r .... 1hm:_ .... ~pnontylOr

......, and 1)('1(0.001. AI ioCldb'"" folloo.""a ~ .......... funds

f"",,1he r~ Ea, ."..., Mao. . .'.... AtJnq ~ .......,~ fOr..-pa.r

lone..,..... 101d ..t ~"' ,ofpublic ~ bpooptitiaor.-ntd by pWl,,-..d non

pM;! .......... 101d lOr ..........., ohd"" *lid bas.<:

Few of ....

hl611QnC..........-s"'~~_awaalbjfto.W......." ' .... IT'""l/I

fUndo.. TI.1d1 .........-.trofllood-da,::;:pIhoscotxptq:lCftG",\hout fO .......

a". w lila b iCOOO'UJ- Thc I-tiuoo>c ~ nr..-..on of ... Gcotp:t

.no __ Dq>ata'aJw ofN..n R....,iQ'S.......

oflhe /'o.';Ioonol T"", b

I bAonc~101d1heGcoipTruublliAon::l'tnnvmon,corantGII!d

on pi".''Clons 1td 101d f..."'ol.......,..,.,.IO """""'dI on...x.cpoopo:ny

"".......too hid _

eloc 10 tum Ift..-""' ........

tt<JO-r l\oe use of hos<t:W; ~ lUndI101d Itdlnoques :II p:wt of "'"

of

Sou'" c..o.p-.. an.. TnJll""'I Soo<m.OJberIo f"O'~ 10 I)( a tI.itOII$I!uIlU'l"IY b

!uldmkofptopen1 QOIl't"Otn 101d """I'comn'U'Ilba The !Iomoo:

and

((lilII'l'&lilOlId lh:I.UKda~"t>QI1 ~......,no<onIy..:buiI~ bu. d>ey ....,

""'''f. "'* bene< ""'" ~ Boy rdubililaMg the IusIlQnC p<qXllId lha add J.. "'vagd

.mn. aftc,-oo
"'P'

........ hJd bren.""PI l.,k \II,th theit pas..-.d

/Iood
build a belief

foundaont>dQtcl1Iirf0a1t 'dlU..iIinOiel"..........,

10

2. RESPONSE TO DISASTER

The Crisis Unfolds
As Georgians returned to work from the July 4th weekend, news reports of the devastation in south Georgia made it clear that massive and immediate help would be needed. The Department of Natural Resources (DNR) was one of the first state agencies to respond, sending personnel, boats and other equipment to help with the evacuation and law enforcement. Hundreds of DNR staff would eventually go to south Georgia to provide essential services. They worked to save lives, evacuate neighborhoods, transport food and supplies, maintain security, inspect breeched dams, and test water. Many more DNR staff provided support assistance from other locations. Governor Miller issued orders that disaster response and recovery were the highest priority for all State personnel until the disaster ended, and DNR rose to the challenge. It was one of the Department of Natural Resources frnest achievements.
First Steps
Although not called on for evacuation and law enforcement duties, the Historic Preservation Division began organizing flood recovery assistance as early as July 7th, establishing contact with preservationists throughout the flood region to assess damage and needs, and assembling data on historic resources in the area. One of the first calls the Division received during that time was an offer of help from the Southern Regional Office of the National Trust for Historic Preservation. The National Trust and State Historic Preservation Offices from the Midwest provided much needed guidance and information based on their previous experiences with natural disasters. Close communication was maintained between Historic Preservation Division staff and regional development centers' preservation planners,local preservation organizations, historical societies, and other preservation project sponsors. Through these local sources, the Division obtained valuable preliminary information on the extent ofdamage to historic buildings and provided information on the treatment of flooded historic resources.

"The National Trust had a growing awareness and sensitivity toward natural disasters and the impact they have on people's lives. We knew from our experience with Hurricane Hugo, Hurricane Andrew and the 1993 Midwestern floods how important it is to be involved and get information out to people immediately. We thought we could perhaps have a calming influence also, to let people know they would make it through this disaster. That seemed the most important thing we could do. "
--John Hildreth, National Trustfor Historic Preservation

Response Teams
As the flooding continued, the Historic Preservation Division organized disaster response teams to travel to the flooded areas as soon as it was deemed safe. The disaster response teams were in the field by July 14th. These teams were composed of a Historic Preservation Division preservation architect and an architectural historian, plus field representatives from other government agencies. The National Trust and the Georgia Trust for Historic Preservation both sent architectural specialists to assistwith damage estimates. Each team's job was to conduct a basic inventory ofhistori~ resources, assess damage, and to make technical assistance readily available. As the response teams traveled across south Georgia, other Historic Preservation Division staff were planning a long-term flood recovery program and preparing a special funding request for federal flood recovery based on the teams' assessments.
One of the first hurdles was the lack ofaccurate documentation. South Georgia had been less active in historic preservation than other parts of the state. The flood occurred primarily in rural areas where little historic resource survey work had been conducted, few National Register listings existed, and relatively few local preservation organizations were in place. This made organized assessment of the damage difficult. Information provided through the preservation planners, Main Street managers and local government officials was invaluable. Most of the information the Division needed, however, had to be collected in the field after the flood waters receded.

7

AFTER THE FLOOD

71>0 preservation P"'",o,. worked logo/her /0 tkl;", key lechnlf:O{
Nrvle.s andfinantiol "SQM,"""S 10 mak. Ih. g""ltsllmpact dM,lng Ihis crilia>1 ptrlad 1/ ~..... Inlly" groMp
offi>rt.
-Mark R. Ech<'ards. !/i.lone P,,""''''''Iion DMsian

..:-. .... ~ ~~. ".,--c._~ .........

1"'_ On. ofllPD'. dislUlor NlSJXHl'"

muls ",ilh ("",.nfo,"""",on' ptr_n.IIO

locol. h;Slorle proptrlits In 1M ,'Ielnl/)'.

The di"wc, re'ponl' ttlmS /lOt only g:>t~r~ hi,tone "'0IIta: and d""",gc dal>., !hey a1,0 diSltibuted information '0 local g<),-e"m"",ts and pto"idcd
much-needed p""""'.!ion :>$Iil/an,. to flood ,.;,;tims. acan-up. demolition
and rebuilding l>egon "'" d.y "'" flood ended, Iht natu,..] in'ti""t ofpropetr;. owne" and vol""tc." was to imm<di>rdy rip OU' wh.t"-e< had been d""",gcd by d", wate.;n .n e(fon to return d",i, liv"", llOlnM atId bu~IDe$U$ to "normal"
Ioca,. >$ $OOrt as po..ible. Th. di.as'er ""po",. ""."'" had to "".k quickly '0
hiltoric rt'$OUr<;e. and get information to !he property""""'" abou' ,ffecti,-. dean.up rno!d>od~ before d", properties were dernoli~hed Of gurted,

Pre" release. we,e i~,,>Cd to announce d,. ro""",' prtscnc. in "'" <:omm\lnitie~ atId to pro,.;,je basic information on earing fo, w:a,,'-d>rnag! h;,toric
b\l~dings. [n(o"nalion packets On """,iring flooded hiltoric bu~dings and 'outa:, of infonnation .....rt .ro, '0 ,egional and Iocallibnri.,. Th. ,.""'" di,rribulCd 1,000 handouts cortl.ining initial p,escrvalion ;"fonnation and
con~ts fo, futan,ial and u:chnical .,..'ta""" plus copies of N"ional Tr\l1I publie>tionlorigimulyprepared fo, Ihe p",,-iou, ye.r'. Mississippi Rivtrflood.

CoordiNo/ioN I1Nd Rtcowy Pf/lt/llilll,
In lI>e u,v""",', "datl,a olhco, ,,-ark ,,-al underway '0 m.p lloodcd .reas and the htone ,"sou",.. ,,'idlin them; to coorum.t. w,d, local goven",,,,,,,, .nd p"""""ation o~i>ation,; l(' "",.,t;g;". sou., of fundi"S (0' hi,tOric prt",,,,-ation diuI"" o'C$!X"''''; and 10 coordinate lI>e HislOti<: Prt"''''.tion Divilion'l .rfons ,,'id, d>Ol. of other Sl",e .."d (edo,..] '/''COC;''. So many agrncics ....e.. in,-oked in relpond,ng to the dos""te, d"t flood "ietim< received conflicting infonn:llion and ad,,e. from d,fferent .gene;"., 11 wos essential '0 fond OUt ,,-ho '''os doing ,,-hot, "'ho had .ud>or1ty o..e, condemn.tions and demolition, and "'M had fund Lng and for wh.t PU'PO"'. Go"omo, M~I", formed an UlI.ragrncy flood recovery team dm included ltaff mcrnbetS from d", Georgi. Em.tgeney M",'ogcn",n! Agency (GEl\l!l), FE-M.A, the Off... of PI",,,,ingand Dudgcr, d,. Depawncllt of Communit)' Mfai", the Dep;runent of Hunun R.$Oue., the Historic I',e,e",.,ion D;vi~ion atId o!her ,We
.gencies. In addition, the O"';,io" helped elL-a", a p..","'-alion luppan ne"''''fk compo.ed of Ihe G...."gia TNSl, !he Narional Tr\I~I,!h. "dvi.ory Council On Hi"oric Pre..",ation. dlC HLSloric P....."'-arion Di'~lion, and !he

,

........ p.au"'XlO!' officer ofFEM:\ 10 fICO'"lde IIlfoemaDon and _~ ...
qudd, and :o<:c:l.InCd,... POfCilIe

Amcnm. of~ Hilloric Pcaft\'3tion 0,......., ,tlrr_ ~ 1e>~!'alA
offICe Kw rc.... monlhl Ie> ....... fE.\lA ....th .,. caponow.e... Ie> doAofy,
,,",uae and 3SS1i1 lusccnc: poq",,,... inl'Cllvtcl III ~ ~rOI diwctr. The J IIlll;lnC Prc:Iorcv:Ilion 1);_, FE.\lA, ~ Ad....1ClCy Council ond ~ N)tICln3I
Trusl 'llhc:k1y c:rn.la:l Uld ~lI:d) f"ogJ)o1'WnaOC )j;l",,, ...M lCll~"" hTlnnd d:uify ...... rontllCIlllll ~ proo:dUI'U foc FEl>lA', e."",.i~ d,.ute< ""po,ue :oc:ti,.;,y in Gcocgi. lI,i"';I., "8<eC.. oe"l w;U .igJ>eC! wuh the Feder.l! Ihghw.y IIdmini.tration and the Gwrgi. Dtpa<tn'ltTlt of TI"IIUpoctl.licn.

TIlt l);";,ion oJ$O worked Wlth !he DNR 1'...1<1, R.ec:n:o.tioo and Hi.toric: Sicn

DeNoon co d<te

""' n.",,, of Rood :and r.aicl damage: co ill IuslllnC

~, ond 10 oIT IIlfocmalOOll ond tee:hnoal ......tanc:e on repair of I!'>cH

cac>IUUI_ Seven Hole p2.!U ....,'" 8oodccl.. The hnYieoc ~ OCC\I~ '"
HlfI' F:oIIoSca~..... ond o-g... Ve1I:QnISme Pod.. /\I High f)lb,a 1902
faciI._ IIttl ltU$I ~ ...ned ~ o.rn.p ~ l\'S(IU""'" II e:;..,.p
\'ntI'IRI SeD: Parl<1nCludtd ~ _ a n d ~

n.. H....nc: ~ Dn-ision". dioasur <aplICIK efforts _ mul,,
fac:nrd. !Ilmo<t C>'tI'J" ,tIlT cncmIxt ..... ...."QI,'ftl III ICICtIC way. A ",~~
"'"' _ d<$,pll:d 10 keep!he DMsion'ltf;'lIarop"""Jon, P'&'" belt thty could .....ile mo<t of the ,<:I.IT ......., dcYQlftI 10 l1ood~. Starr ......lung on IIood IK1OW1)' mel """kly _ and oometimeo daily _ Ie> Ih...,
n-, ",focnuloon, plan ncllltq>s. amici!,"", problmlS and b....inslOfm IOlUNonI.
modllugu'l, emergency octivitiu ~'" bei"g CClnduded ....d attention tu",."j to plan"'''g fOf ~... louS-rem> 'KO'~'}" of lhe region. The Di,~.;oo fceuscd on
ro, K'CUring funding CO provide granl$ pro'Klion.llllb~iution. and I'thab~i.a.
l>(ltl; woci<ing with no.", and f~r.I! ogtnCc. co c:conli<wc u.<Star ond prCICcve It<slDnC ~ wt.e", pou&; ond helping the 1wd-hi10lllm'lU-nlbCl of IOUChwflc Geoog.a 10 devdop ,tr:lrq;.eo Kw rcc:ovcry ond rdIuilding.

T~ F'-J Rna.,?, Pnt:nur

The Ionc-.cxm po"".... for 800d ........'tI'J .....tInC't dw ~ Iu.-.e:
Prc:Iorcv:I""" Dn">llOn dt.ti....poo <XIItIimd of rcur 'JP'S of """"'"
-..naldw ~C1 10 PCq>c'll owroctI lOr ~iration of Rood<bmaA:r:d It'"onc l"q>cuc.
..,mTla ""dtanC<O 10 1'""P"It)' .......'I>CfI on eITea:ivoe and "l'l""P'..te
td>abil italOOll teeluuqucs
, pl...."ing all"lance 10 pcopelt)' OWIltIl, locaJ otganizations., local govenllnem a"d communi!}" leaders l(l encourage inc:orpontio" of Iti"oric p,elClVlIlion inro ICCm~'J' pi.....

ongoing coocdin31ion with st.lle and fcde<al agenc:icI on d..Ule< I'tSpOCIIC and on Wuoler prcpacaIncl-l pl........g for !he furu",.

Thi$ IC,>biciout pcot;l.." lOOk dupe in July and lIugus. of 1994 'iI<Id_ COOliplU,rl b,-!he ............. of 1997.

1.8"dit.1J fw J.wnss

A$ people lOOk .1Ud< ofthtio"bICs iIt>d !he I'tloefdfc:wt ~ ic>ICl P'.

" became endtol 10 J1..1One ~'IOon DwtIoon IOIT ~ lhree ...........

_ criOIO ~ NlXCIS of :IIIIy3SStSQllC't i:heJ" could p<O\idt afctr Toopoc:aI

.""bene>: Stonn

'IIfocmatoon, toOIdinaoon, and fu..ling. W...... btgan on all

dtCft elements from the filiI dzr-

Gnsou ndpkJof C.......... .lbp
tJ/s-Nr Cc>-Iyil<;-tJ/1lb
Cuou,.oUW F_ ...fl<tod j 'COou)'
-*,.." '"",.

UH"fl<J1 ~~"up" SII'C'CO/iA1

P ~P',,*, _

/oI#c>;k



AFTER THE FLOOD

Information
When a natural disaster strikes, there is aneed to quickly gather data and distribute information at the same time. IV order to respond, the Historic Preservation Division needed a variety of information:
a reliable inventory of historic and archeological resources in the area maps locating the historic/archeological resources in flooded areas damage estimates and descriptions of types of damage to historic
properties information on what was happening to the resources at each phase of
recovery and who was responsible Tor making decisions about them names, phone numbers, contact persons, and responsibilities ofagencies
involved in the disaster response sources of funding and assistance for historic properties accurate technical information on repairing damaged properties. Simultaneously, preservationists needed to provide the following information: how to care for a flood-damaged historic property where the historic properties were in the flooded region sources of help and information for historic properties
proper procedures for handling archeological sites, burials and cemeteries damaged by the flood.
Coordination
The flood recovery program for historic properties could not have succeeded without the close cooperation of many organizations, agencies and individuals. In particular, the Historic Preservation Division, the National Trust for Historic Preservation, and the Georgia Trust for Historic Preservation agreed in the earliest days of the disaster to form a partnership to coordinate flood relief efforts. This partnership produced impressive results, including working together in response teams, providing excellent technical materials and workshops, and "adopting" several flooded communities and assisting with their flood recovery plans. Second, the preservation planners in the Southwest Georgia, Middle Flint, Lower Chattahoochee and Middle Georgia regional development centers worked closely with the Division to identify damaged historic properties, distribute information, assist in grant-writing, identify needs in their regions, and provide on-site assistance to property owners. Their cooperative efforts were invaluable.
Through participation in the interagency flood response task force, the Historic Preservation Division was able to work with other state agencies to streamline procedures, avoid duplication of efforts, fiU gaps in relief efforts, coordinate funding schedules and coverage, and iron out differences in policies or regulations. A goal of the Governor's task force was to eliminate or reduce problems at the agency level instead of causing local governments or individuals to wade through such difficulties. It was important for the Division to be part ofthis task force; otherwise, historic properties would not have been included in Georgia's recovery efforts.
Funding
The one element that had to be in place for the rest of the plan to work was grant funding specifically for the rehabilitation of historic properties damaged by Tropical Storm Alberto. As a business owner in one flooded town said, "Almost everybody in town has already got about all the loans they can stand. Loans just won't help in a lot ofcases." Through the swift actions of the Governor's office, the Georgia Congressional delegation, the National Park Service, the National Trust, the National Conference of State Historic Preservation Officers, and the Historic Preservation Division, funding was secured.
10

3. PROGRAM FUNDING

Securing the Federal Allocation
During the month ofJuly, it became clear that the only source of funding for the stabilization and rehabilitation of flooded historic properties would be the President's Discretionary Fund, which had been used to assist similar programs after disasters in California and the Midwest. Before a request for funding could be made, however, the need for the funds had to be documented in terms of both the number and cost of such projects. The Historic Preservation Division gathered this information from the flood recovery teams and from the regional preservation planners in the affected area.
Through the cooperative efforts of Senators Sam Nunn and Paul Coverdell, Congressman Sanford Bishop, Governor Zell Miller, the National Trust, the National Conference of State Historic Preservation Officers and the Historic Preservation Division, an appropriation was secured. The Office of Management and Budget allocated to the National Park Service $2.945 million for disaster-related historic preservation projects in the three southern states affected by Tropical Storm Alberto. The State of Georgia received the largest sum of $2.475 million; Alabama received $250,000; and $100,000 went to Florida. The National Trust for Historic Preservation received $120,000. The allocation to Georgia was an unprecedented sum for historic preservation projects related to a natural disaster. The appropriation was based on the documented need and the Historic Preservation Division's detailed plans for how the funds would be used.
Georgia's appropriation was provided through the Historic Preservation Division for projects in the 55 counties declared disaster areas. Eligible activities included rehabilitation of damaged historic properties, planning, technical assistance and information. The National Park Service agreed to waive some of the more stringent guidelines usually associated with federal grants in an effort to rapidly distribute funding to those in need. For example, properties did not have to be listed in the National Register ofHistoric Places as long as they were eligible. No matching funds were required.
The Historic Preservation Division initiated the new grant program as quickly as possible to help families return to their homes and to return businesses to full operation. Grant applications and information were sent to every mayor and county commissioner in the 55-county area, to statewide and local media, and to other organizations. Two grant workshops were also held in the region to publicize the funding availability and to help interested parties apply.
Eligible Grant Activities
Eligible activities included construction work to stabilize and repair historic properties, technical assistance to local governments and property owners, architectural or engineering plans and specifications, economic feasibility studies, damage assessments, and recordation of flood damaged historic and archeological resources. The inclusion of archeological projects in this program was unique, since other states hit by disasters had funded only repairs to historic buildings.
The Historic Preservation Division realized it needed someone to design and administer this massive program, to provide the necessary hands-on technical assistance, and to see that the Flood Recovery Program produced long-term and broad benefits to the State of Georgia. Three temporary staff members were added to work exclusively on the Flood Recovery Program. In addition, the Division contracted with two independent architects in the flood area to provide

The $2.475 mil/ion allocation to Georgia was an unprecedented sum for historic preservation projects related to a natural disaster.

11

AmR TIlE FLOOD

Plonnlng Proj~cts fumkd by t~ N",/onal T'lIStjor IlWorlc P",:,,,wltlon

rou' TO"'n Af/e' t~ FlwJ:

lXsigning rou, Recovery"

Workshop

S U. 969

Pns"m'llon Compon~nI, Alb<r.ny Jo1ooJR~(;(} ."ryPI"" S9,958

Dt:s/gn for ScQu.,."J Slu Iiousing

onAlbony

SS,ooQ

Lamlst:<t~& I",,,,pret"'" PI"" fO'

JlislO,ic Qu<>tlTangle, Albany SlOte

University

SI. 795

MOnl~:uma Gaten'ay & COTTidcr

lX#gnPlan

S9,500

Monle:uma fr<tnamic

~...Iopment & fI"ritage TouriShl

Plan

$5,QOQ

SI,a,egie Planjo, MOn/":"mo 51,500
fAmJKo~ & /nle'pretiYe Plan fOr
mS/Q,lc Do",nto",n .\~'ton 511.813

ASl't:;<.<nlcn' &, Fea<.bility Study for

Historic Comme,cial Bulld/ngs,

N'/Qn

SI2.000

" p,.in/ing ofThnical MOlerialsjor

Distribution 10 Flooded

Communiliu

Ss.OOO

.,.t3tl<e on-.i",>rch'lC<:tu<>l asto FlO<:<! He-
="'Y Program gr:I<11
pco;e.:ts The Division
,jsooont~",itll<hc
Georgi. Trust forplon. ning on<! prescn.-alion
cd"""lion :iICli"itICS in .pcciflC noodcd communilits and ","id\ dlC
Sou'h",e.' Geo,g;. ""d Middle Hint .... gian.1 devdopmcnt =~ focassist:\I>CCtO comrnuni~ on<! his
1O<IC propI}' """Ie".

\



".,

The Flood R~co"ery Progrom mode i' pass.ble for owners 10 hi,.. >killed crof/>pe<Jpie 'a ,..habiUlole
rhoi, histo,ic pTOp<>Ttlu,

The Nation,) Tf\I$t usod ill "PI'ropriolion to fund plonning. ttChnd. :wis12l'lCt and
,..,icl, infonnation. The 1'0\1$1 eardUlI)" coordinated its dfum with "" I I"tori< l'~.... o;,'i,ico, 00 th., the lWO organizations' acoYi,ies would be ~'>I)'

""h"'fd,.., duplicati.".

Gr.", 2'.<-ords ..'eft: OIUIOUl>Ctd on Ncwomb..- 16, 1m. AlthcoJgh!his was foo,

months.frtr<hcdisaslCrh><lended,i'wasoneofthe.arlicstdi,..teercliefl'fOl'P'Tl'
in Gt:orgi. to ""tuoll)" distribu,e fund, to CQrTfllO.Initics ""d be#> work. Some other

<bs.asrer fundsdid ROt reach appli......1S until a }...... af'",. dlO flood. D..,i<! M,.,.,hk

" acohi,cet from All>an}' ,,'ho worked on "'''''y of the pruj"CIS, saKl, "d\C Hi""nc

P"'''''''-'lion Di,'''ico, "",,,cd ,.....lIy r"l'idl}' '" ..."SpooJdi"8 10 d,e flood, ...... mol1rr

off",~ we fmt IIe..-d from Ihn wIle" d\C flood w... tiI1 ""gaOls:. 1he proo'"

oo.. t1l:lt [tit< Division] " up to i" gr:I<1' funds was mearrlincd in onler to l1)' to

1;'" d\C gra"" .W'll"<k<l quickly and effecri,,,ly, ""d 1;'" the rnoneyoo, dlOre 00 th>!
t1\C won. could proctcd.'. S,rll. Gray U,yan~ then p"'"""""ion pi"""", "ith the

Middlc Hint Rrgio"a] l)e,'dopmen' eemer, helped he< r<gion to obtain disasl<'<'

roco,..,,}' fundi"8rtOf ooIy from the Di"';,OO bu, al",frome",'J" otherage""y tha,

'is''''"'''', pro,'idcd ..

I" ~ the procoss and the lifn,linos. of lhcse

programs, she <:lid, "i, "". really p>inl... compared 10 a \0{ of other programs,"

"[ho oppl icalion pack' iro::I uded fao, .hce~ gran' schedule and dc:KII incs, sclcctio<> ni",r;. and dc",i1cd in,lr\ICti.on, fo< ~.ting the appli....,ion. The eligibility rrqo,,,,,,,,,nts "'C",de.rly <tared. OnIYP"'P"rtlCS li,red Of digil~efo< I"tingin d..
NationoJ Regis"" of lJislOnc PI"""" "...". con,id.red f<>e nUl,ling. Eligil>lo
appl '='>0..,. inc! oded ;"Cl~'""'''''''ko:->l.,... "'to!1"'.m"",,' '11""";"",.,.-1 P",..... ......,.
profit o:>rg>ni,.,ion. POOC"," ..."no'" and religiou, ins,iru'''''\$ """'e no! eligible. EJigibl."".1S ind oded. t.l!>u i,.alion, p""""",1ion and rcluIJili""ion acmnling to the Sec,.ttty or d.. Imcno(. S~.rd> for the T rea"""'" of I Ii,ton. I'roperri... ['red<:,rlopn~ru ",li,'ibM ,uch .. hi,tori< ,uur:I\'re eepoet>, plans ."d specifiealims
and feasibility ,tudies fo, 'f'"Cif>c ,uur:lUrcs ""''' al00 acr:cpt.lble. ImrnOO;.te ,tabil ""(IOn was ",,,,h,,,iud, Ineligible e.pc""" mU<kd ""'lui. ,lion, rcoonslnlC (>(>01, rourine ,ruilrcnorocr, ""'" c"",,,,,,,lion and ""o,i,... untd>tcd 10 "" tlood.

"l'l"''''''' h boca>-ne

til>! some (X>,cnli'll applicants "'ere noc re><ly Or al~e to ""ply

by die Ocrol:ocr gr.>J1l appI;",1ion dc:idlOlO. "[~fore, the ""p1ica'ion process was

divid<:d "\10 ,,",'0 rounds ""d g<:UllS "''Ore a",...nled on No,crnbtr 16, 1994, and
Frbrwry 22, 1995. l'h< nlUllbcrofapplicatlons rccci"cd and the >m:Jun' of funds

l'C<j"",red "'Cre resta",..,1S to "'" need ro. the l'lood Rrco'1!CJ' Pmgrn:n foe historic

pre""va,ioo, 0..... n;,lOly applications rrqucsting mote ,han $6.6 million ...ere

n::cci,'Cd in round one. Rour.d ......" pr<Xluccd """rly si,I}' appl'ocacio:Jca r<:questing

",ell ow, $2 min.... Sixty gr:I<1lS ....w: ""...rded totaling $1,9n,566 in f,nal

c'?"'''''", and the work ...... soon un<Icrway.

4. CASE STUDIES: FLOOD RECOVERY FUNDS

AT WORK
'I'M H,sooric Prnen;otion 0.............. Flood Rovar PI",,"... ptO\-.ded ""'If
gr3f>1S IOCIWf lOOhoJlOnC fI:IOUfUSlR 13cibtstnd lSUlUnCICS"""""""'KJudl
tnd oentnl C.mrpL AuaJl*> '"'"" pctMdaI OD a broad amy of plIllUc and
pm.. propc.1ICi ondudong oourtl>ouseo, .....-..no. - - I f buiJdOoIp. 1heattr tJu;ldirlp. faun ~ Q)ll........... bu*Lnp, pn'" ~
p;..Imill."lndald ..... oIli.,. EadlOOi'~I'fOI"CI._trilwngllllho Q)ll'W\'"U\1If and Iho lb;ol ~ tffon lR Goorpa. Somt ol1ht notabII I:l:Inlplel; _ ......lnI<d httt.

BaM UNI/!) e-rtlxm~. Nn'ltI, Bah.- e-.!)

In oht .fte"""lh of Tropical

SlMmAlbMo.lho &1lctCounIf



Cou""'-t bcarnt a .Jmbol of

Il>e flood ~ N. f70~

to<o..... inSO\llhwa,GeotPa- The

Narionol R~It. ...U'd Court-

h.oust i.loolld in tht counlJ" on,

of No:w'on..... hose popuI.,ion is

"'ss than 800. The ~outthousc .quatt in ,he cen,,,," of 1QW1'l i.

locort(\ ollly 1,0<Xl J""rds from

1'1,1. I. 100>0' tho y(jb, CUMnty CUMrlItoM~ dlt Rillt Rl\-.l.

look," (JjI~, th4 j/exxI_ul..s ",e,lka.

No:w'on. downfO',\"f1 was com-

pl.'dy .ubmcrgtd :os a ",.uh of

d.. N'OIlcn ....,"" of the nyu, !\enol pholognph. of die ""'" dc!poclld many oftht one..lO<)' commc",,01 bu ading:s on ohc "lUltt ltT"fII<"ltIy .ubrtrrged and no Iongre. ,-isible und<1 the flood ....It... The cou<thouS<'......"n1 .~ lug/>. lOSt ~wl) abo\'e ohc flood Ic-."J.. bul much of chc build"'S '"'21 un&. ....It<.
, -The lil'i' /loorw;u inundal<.'d, and ....., :and miIdcw<brnaec .ffecird die upptr

"1Jt4 fJ<>U, C"",,1y C""rllt<>lut

projtt::llnvolws ~"...~tIIJi"4

obo., "s,""";.... Oflhul_lu,., TIN

hildjng '<>OJ; ....

16/t,' of

",,,I,,from th, j/ood om!'1<:4;o,d

"1,,,.;"4 daMog4. F,onk/y. this

""'c,.,, .. , I. probably"", ofllH
h,,, I". m"", -''''4 IhOl ""'w",..,,, ""'foci
,h,,1 ,"" _,,, MJI fer Joys

r"IIJIly "jJ<c<td ,Itt 1",11'1", ",oltri"b.

"'hen Iho ...lIef ~ It ....2pplf1enIN the &Ioct CounlfCOUnhouse ......

... rnIuoubit. ~ Iud upericnced

did_ on IUCfII mrs '"' a

ttS/,III of. ~f(J)I""'"tmc and

otrou.ptenouI 600ds CIWf chc

)'tIll. 'I'M~"lUI"' ..... ""'WirlcOD ""'~u. ,-..bk~n. The CXlUtlhouse Iud tIOI Iud ~ .....lL'ftII'I(lt:and 1ho........,......-dI:d ~

ooomfor,...knl l'usOCOOi ... Ounngdle ~ htacIinI., Iho ~ Htnld

<ad, "'Flood Owns Ba1<cr Counhausc.- and ...""" eon 1D""pm IQ obiiuJry~II

eoun.,. Ihc .of33, """lhl CIUIIC ofdcarb.1ht Flood ot'9-l.M Ewnlhoo-m... of

chc

Conm.ssoon dou'-l us funJrt.

U-'C>w. """ oflho HISIOnC Pr8Cn~ 0..........., !-load !W:o.ct) P....

gram tpnlt P<O"'dcd ....... hopr b !he ciIl...... of &Ioct Councr and ttcoutthouse. ilausc of "'" poogt .. ,~ rclubiIiQ<oOn oflhc courthouse bcc:amI

\fuloboIdc.fPIn"Il:lcfcoerml:leri,ng1l'Je9..4h.UfbCkfI.J..-...<:nTuhni.s,.

...... IWIrdtd
gnnc ""'CIUId

S5501JOO. I1Iow for

Ihc IIflPl compIcIC

..hIbiI, ..,..... of!he building,

Af, !he Oood die Bake. County Comrn;s.ion dodId 10 soIvc Iho need b mott 'pa by rrODVIfIg COUrr :and counlJ" lUnCheon. lQ iIqI;c h"lOnc Khool budding on hIgher ground. At the W'I'It time, lht coufllY continued its commitn'ltn, III lht prcsc......,ion of its mos, .-.Ju.bIc hisoonc landma.k. PI..,.

AmR THE FLOOD
"Aty famUy ha.s been heff sinc~ b~f<m! (he Indians leJl. and so Ihis pi(l(;~ is a fX"'lq[m~, "
-.\like Bueme" a.'ne" Fielde"s G'isl ,Ifj// qnd Gin

";,,,.., IlUdc for ..:bp,i,......""" of the otrucrure 10 g;ve i,. new lif" .... mulci-
u'" PU'T""" wilding for by B.ker Coun,>, citizens and communiry sen'ic"
progr.rms. Sev.r:>! county Muc"ion:al :and .oci:>l prognnu we", in need of
'p"'" in order lO~r,u. 1hr: old coutthou'" w,ll now hou,e!he ><lul, li,er>g', Neighborhood Sen'ice Center, P"""h, :and Coune~ on Ag;ng p~, A
community center fOfculrur:>! " ....1> :and meetings :>Iso beame. rcoIil)' fo. the communil)' thl'QUgh this p~.

As ""ult of the Flood Rec""ery Program grant, the Bake. County Court oou,., once thought too d:omagr:d to '''P.ir,g:>ine<l new lif. th.t wm I~t well into d.. Ulllrt. T1>e courthou",roru;nlKS 10 se...... the c,ti ..n. ofB.lrcrCounty whil. reminding d,..." of d..i, II<ritage,

Tht! Old Webste, C(;untyJail ...'iII ~ 'Wain b. q community (J,JU'.

Old IVtbsftr COllnly Jai~
Pnsfon, IVtbsftr ClJlmry
The Old \X'ebs,.. County J:oiI i,.
nrc ,,;oodcn j.a d.ting to ci= 1860, It i. con'trueted ofh....dh""'.... ,,"OOdcn be......, .he.thed on the i.\(e.ior with vertie.1 wooden oo.nk Alu>ough lI,e Great Flood of1994 <.u>Cd dom.ge 10 the ,tructutC'. found..""" it <lIso p",sented. unique apportunil) to n:po,r or.<! reuse th;, hi,10Iic "rucrure for commun;l)' bc""r,t.

In ='n' ynn, the j:lil had bn moved to. ';te r.fry yard, ."..yfrom ,ts origin:>l

loarion. Th. county hod usro the jo.il ~ .storage f;rc;il,ty for , ..'cr:>! 1'.... , but

1oc:lJ in," fOf od.pri,... reu,. of the srrucrure '-'"as gro,,-ingp.io. w II.. Oood.

.,,.rdcd Wid, dlt: h.lp of the "'gion:>l p",,......tion pl:lru1.r, Web"crCoun,l' sought..l<l

W~

$7.500 Flood Roc,w.,.,. Progrom G=, '0 .e("li. the found.tion

of the j.il. Addi,ionoJly, th~ COUl"ll)' f,nMICro th~ ",Ioation of the j~i1 b""k W

,ts orig;n:al .ire, so that these twO project, could be completed concurtcnlly
Tad.y. the Old Web,,,,, County J.il has undergone flood "'po" ond i. flOW

fo,. loa,ed on 'fSorig;n:>l ,il<, ..Jj.eent '0 the l?06 briek j.il. Th~coull'Y;' wotking
on (>l ..... new ule thOl ",ill serve the entire community.

Fielde,'s G,iSI Ami W'a$ dam<>ged by jlood ...me" surging Ihrough ift[oundoa"" ~nd machinery. ""_'he mill i$ (;IN,ming 'Wain q'[ull rop/ty.

Fiddtr's Grisl Mill alld
Gin, Jlllltrion Ciry,
Talbot COII/lry
'"..-ld.,', Gri" Mill ..,II Gin i, ci= 1930 .....t.,.pow. cred mill ,,'hieh grind, con,
""d ,,'h., 'nw me:>l, flour
ond grits for d.. public ..\<1 loc:al,to,es. lt i, d.. onl)' gri" mill ,v.il.ble W co Em" '<s, ..,d on. of the few " ...
ter_po"...",d mill, now ;n
opc...oon in the SlOte. Owner M;lr<> Bueknc. deKnbc. hi,
connection '0 the mill: "My
&mill' has hccn he.c .i""e
before the [n<!iOll$ Icft, ....d SO thi, pl""e i po.t of me,

It"'.... onginally built in 1840,:md th< .. was agri'l mill. oollon gin,and ,awma1
here. My great grmd&.th<r :md grmdfad>e' built thi, building in 1930 I.ftcr
r. .. d<stroyed dl< origi"'J], .nd it's bun Fil'lrkr'. Mill.inc. tha, t~lI'." H. h:ul
opc",..d d,. n'lill for 27 ye... al d,e time of Ihe flood.

1"" m;ll is located al the end of a dirt ro:ul m jUllc,;o" Cil)'. During the Flood of 1994, flood "' "'.. poured d"",n the road mto th< mill, through dl< ""alC< wlt..,1 gate bett th th< .tn>eru.., to thtte:m"l behind the mill. n.., amowu of " ...Ie. pouring through the strucru.. ","u.ed "In"i,. dlIlluge to the " ...I<,r wheel be:oring. as the f"'t-ll""'''''gcurrcnt ","used the wl>..,l to 'pmW<ltinuou,ly until the ",in:md llood;ngt:l.ptml off. 111< millstrucru.. also ,uff.m1.xtt:r1Siv. ,uucrural d"""'gt:.

A $24,000 1'lood R""m"ry Prognm grrnl from the Hi,toric P...." ...,;O" o;"i,;o" allowed Mr. Buckn.r '0 "p.ir the ,lrU(:tural damage to ,he found .."" oflti. building. the d""",8" 10,he '0'1'" ,,'hc<:I. and other reI.ted d1m18" SO ,ha, the grist mill could I>< ..turned ,ou. TOOa,', the Fi.lder'. Gn" Mill continuc. to ...... the community, and ..hool group' often "i.it to I.:am about thi, put of Georgi. history.

Mr. Buckn.r d_scribed the imp1C' of til< gr.nt "We'd like to dunk e,"ybody

conc.m'ng ,hi, projttlbcnu.. dt... 110 w:l.y th1l1 could It".. afforded '0

Ita,.. dOl'" tI,i. 1 didn', Ita", any in.u"""., Ofld it ,,'Ould ju" Ita,.. fall", in

di'rrp.i. 10 the point I couldn', grind Oflymo... It just mco.ns SO muclt '0 me

:and to the communiI)', and I hope to d.. ptopl. ofth. ""t. ofGcotgia. W.

.to"", a.. now grind,ng almOst daily for the public. local

and small .hipments

of mco.I, Ilou . "nd grits all ov<r the country. And hoptfull,', with all d.. work

d,,,,', ~n done, i, willI>< he.. for motl ..r hundred y.......

It;",,,,,,,,,,, .. "Tbm, .. ~ I toN!J _ 4ffisnJtdc._

th.. rIJi, ...

"'.dJ ..... ",,<I

10' _",n;!1. _<I I !xl-< 101J'NIk of

1 ""I"'Ie-x;,,"

..Mib Rw....n; O.~n;
a. l'iIidtI', GripMill",,<I

Fielder's Crist Mill is {'Qpulor JOJIi"o/i"" for
school cltilJrtn.
Ab/eJ Htsidtl/, BI/wa Viila, MariM COl/III]
Th.J.ne and AI fred Ables Residencc i, an I892 Fol kViclOfian 'lyle COll'ge. Th.
Ables were prominentAfncan Amencan citizen. ;n Buen. Vi... a, the time thi, hou.. was ron'l1\Icted. and their hou", w'l:an imprc"ivc homclle>d. Howey"", in recen, ye.... th_ condition of th_ hou", Itad d_tcriotatcd. 1'h. conditioo, of Ih. house worsen.d during the tlood. H..vy ...in from rllC
roor tl..h tloodinSc.u,edd"m"ge tothe re.idenee', .nd ch;nulCYS iUld standing
"

AFTER mE FLOOD

".lef lOOk weeks to ~e. c.using foundation damo.~. A Flood Recovery I'rog<am gntlt of SB,OOO oIl""'Cd !he O"nc' to ~. the roof and chimney, providillg protcction from the clements. lnspim! by the gntlt-os,i,ted "'0<10,
the owner, Beverly Wood,. continued with p<t<erwhOll wo.k 00 the home,
completing found.tion and ",indow 'cp>irs, interior re,to<:l.tion, and painting,
TOO.y, the Ables Rt<idcncc i, once .go;n os imprc..ivc os i,,,,... ill il$ heyday.

-- 11.,,, . 1h~ Abl.. R~.I<kn~In BUM" ~.u in nud ojlotal nnabilitotlon.

1h~ jully ,~nabili'otedhome is now a f"'I'ud l~nument lu lhe uccumplishm.nl. <>j,l/frM""dJane Able.

Rodill!!! Spn"!!!.. Guino, Alba'!)'. DOllghtrty CO/mly
The Rodium Springs Cosino is 0 complex o(buildings built ill the 192()s os 0 =ott for "",th",-es' Georgi., 1n recen, j"Cars, the ''''''1'1.. hod wmergonc =to<:l.tion on order to ",.ve 0' mee,ing and rec",.tiorW fac~ity. The proptrty

Tht: f1~ inund<>led Ih. Rnd;.m Sp<"ing.
Casino e<>mpl~" ;n Alb<my.

cOflsi"s of nwn<rou, buildings spreod Ove' the sire, ,urrounded by 'trikillg historic lartd~. This site;, located ;n on<= of the ar= most danuged by the Greal Flood of 1994, 1he Rodium Springs Cosino "'... 'ubmcl};f'l by llood
"..,n .. warers, 11.. result""" danugo to 011 ,uueturtl ",id'in d,e eoll1ples
to the landscaping.
11.. """e" the R.dium Springs l'",,,,,,,.tion Group. """ .warded $57,000 Flood Recovery Frog=<' gntlt to <q':ai' much of the flood danugo Grant fundingen.bled the rcpa;. of hi'toric outbuildings ,u,rounding the main,.. ino building. including ,.,..t:I1 ,en.S"" a ga,e Imu.. and .gazebo. tn ""'dition, the unique hi'toric landscapingaru! ."""kd"", ",e.. restom!, To,!>y, the hdium Springs C.'inoonce .gain se,,c, thccommunity .. visitors swim in the springs, "It the meeting f:ocilitics and dine a, the noino.

Rqitmal ArrlJultJriml S1I'".}! Qlfd StMditJ
s.:..m In Jddilion to lht ~ ..tuehOCOJntd 10 h..1Orif; ,ma=..... T~
A1bulO ~. subn.nriol "'Y';>(:' on . ~ 'i.... in Gco<gI "Moslof
..,,,,,roI Cro<gio', U1'11'0....r'll.n;lItOlog>col'i= ..... loc."od:along its ri,e on<!
'''''I. of the mo.. sip;nif""", onct...., oIong!he Flin,. ll\tsc d:umgcd by the
flood," ..id I'I'2"k Schnell, :on .rcheologill "'im the CoIumbu, Museum. An;hroIogic'oI ..""'........ often ovorlookod in di...\ """""'Y prog:romI.

*'" Througt. its flood R.eco""'Y Progrorn !he 11;,!Oric I'rc~bon Di~ion ....
ollie ... ...,..k ....mbod, w Columbus Museum lht Fftnbanll Mu5tUm of

.'if'O'-' """ N.lUr;l! Hiuocy .. ~ twO

no.. gran< tipOt.us

"~ '''..~.-tw>oittmotpto.opanoIfC1Sho' J_ ulJ 1, 994odfa1lJ2osolndQinlsl .o.od;oaK'lC'dt." 01 "ocsalon&1ho Flin,

no.. Columbus MUICUm used $40.000 Rood IlcwYery ProlgJ3m p " 10
_.yIe... lC'pOftcnhlkd, ~A SNdy ofohe Efftcts of<he AIbo<al flood 0{ 1m

nu. up:>n lht ~ Rnou~ of e-p.M

Rudy MIlO,"" ohe

ciomoF from lht ftood on .odlcologoaIl"OfCmu loaRd "'id'lin ohe CllUrlIICO

""Pn' *'" dtcIorcd kdorol dlS:U~' ....... A compro......i,~ rcconruiss3ncc Icwlltlrveyo{

"9'if>l;:lJ1' "In

10 "'" lloodcd ""' ,.. ...... conduo;lt</

""uI" <:eogr.phic Inl(,m",,,o,, S"tmI d.ubuc ..... dt, Iop<d. using tho (1<:1d 1tl<Vq

",romution. n ..

o{ d,i, P'Oi"" willl'",vide bcnchrrwk infomution on

"nde.. ,.nding. p",dil:litt80 .nd ,ninimizing d.e h.nnful dftcts of f"IU'" /lOQ,h

on !he p..hi.lOne .rld h'"orl<: "lC'I in !he f'lin, ltiv.. bo,in on<! in odIC, .......

The Femba.nk MUSNn'I of 1loslO<J oIsa rewvcd $10.100 throug/> !he Hood fttcov'l:ry Prop;nm 10 r:ompIctc ltudy er>udc:d, ~~bnaging ArI:htolopnl
Rnour<:a '" ft~ I'IoodpWn Conidors: An HOIIQnC:;lI AI.Itumen, {Of W
.... *'" 1'1"'1 Rn..,.. FoII.I~ Zone~ ThiI.lldyusedhtllOnCol-.:k.indu<lin&hIoton<: xrioI ~:ojJ1d.,10 ;U"'~ hoIlonc IrcndI on ..eto.... 'S" .. "leO
on doc AIIll RJ..... lIoodpl.... The ht:s.........l ItCOIds wettuscd 10 lIX1e <he..-pet
*'" "In. 0{ Iong-...... ch..,;a on lht n'..,.. chonnd on 1IIOIc ..... ..-.110 pctdo:t ~
ucnds on !he n'''''' c-...I how ..,.,. will "'1'X'!he aid .. 'II" :II!
The ...fonnation {rom <he r-anbonl lrudy, -.tJoned ..~th dul {rom w

Most of~'IIi""jiaI<Il ...... ~Ii~I_. . . . ltI
nr...-. ""f'I'I; rIwy_ ~""'--d
........ ~0W1
/-dtd -.Jia wiN -Ip,,-a
. . . . .~ 1iMs .. _ poM
;.-,.,.,.,jIood. . . .

"

AFTER THE FLOOD
'7My did ~ goodloh on ~II 'M
,lie"" _ hj/dl~g$. Sonrc hl>d H'~ j~ pnlly
bl>d .~. b., ,,,,,. /uui~utll" ,At hjJJi~gl ""d /My'''''
""'''' .,,11. Ow l(,JIAriU ,,,,* i, .p
ond "'" lt>I opIlD#I ID/., lax .-roy".,
I!ID ~ II- dirily,~ 1M
Ai_ ~kMP""JU. 1Jt<' "''''' - "/~" u-pliin.

Col umlluJ MU$tW1I otudy,... bc: u><:d 10 <k1.'dop aloofl'lCnn praWrion plan (or 1he ,hou.undo o( ~ sOltl in fIoodpbinl l!'uougI>ou.< Georgi..
Drnllu Cardru Sf-If, I ~..c.. SL'Il7t Ua~
Lumphn " ' OOIC of","", _ _
Iha' Uj)(>:>c>ad dama&t= (rom 1he
Iremtndou.l flash Oood,"8 of
T"'fl'CI'l Sootm A/txnO. The......
~ ....rround"'l Iho: ~
<:.ooncrCounhooutCllnlolSlIO(..... mt10UI , ... ,.,"'.... ~and
a ha$oonc:aI............ The """" sp:md Iho:alU""""-, bu.laOJted on darrag: to lhe roofs IlI>d IusIOric
mtlllI .......ong olllWiJol1hebuijd.
ings klaled :If'OO.nd !he ~
l.ocal buildu>g 0'/'''''', ""til gudInce f.om th. l..ow
Ou,~Rq;o:>n",~
"'tnt GtntU ~lYIbO<lp1;o1V>C', IOUghtlV"'" fun<!Ulg to al<l on the
'<t>"" of ~'" n""""""" down'"",... F-"'ply "mJj11JOd d"""'i.d ...""", 1",1I1dLllgs ...lth dlm>gcd roo(, and iII"stralt /h. diffic"III" Lumplll~ ''''IlUlga. 11,. <C<jutot "",luded ~'" falld in ,M SIImm., ~f 199~. D.d,ngr",ld Inn,' l~ h'$lnnc.ol muSn/IlI "'h"'h pro"i<!<:1 hcn ..gc roueallOn ac,ivi,ieJ :and mecullg (ac~'ly (0< ..... ""'''''Ulllly Commcr<;,.l build,nga ncoding uliI,""", "ldudtd ~'" Old Bank Bu~d",l\o Swlge' lI.rd......., the Old Il~,h Dtpmmcn', Old T""'., Squ~... Foodl, ~'" Old Funeral II"",,, :and !he TrotnUtl~. A toral o( lnl buadLngs locatl Oi' d'" squ.", "'O,,,:rwardo:d IV""lS (0< rtp"'.
!IJ, a I't:IUIr of~. S71.ooo 11'I flood Rcr=...,. Prognm grant (undl, Lumplun
...... 2bIt 10 "'l'all ..""d~buildongl_ ~'tf, commun>l)' bmc:fil,,=t

b""'" _11'.,- UC="~
#""",

"""i"" Tod.1y. ""'.'11I"",,, /."mplll" boosts ~... b.sln.utl, I",..~..d

QIId

grt"", """""" I" 1M do.nI~"''' h,>Jaric Jis/,Ior.

hr be)'OOd tho.., rq.il"l, 1~ ,,;Urn of o;QI'J'In'ICftiiil bu~diogs irll.ut'f1'kio .....

Jq"''''' _ rtmin.iKcflI of thti. "'$(I dUM/! an "'" when the 10\1."
rmtl, acri~. I n recml ynrs, Lumplun.'I cb&"lO\I.'I1 art&, as In

vibr2ro. aod
Nral snulIlO\I.T1S,

had IUrr~n:d CCOfIOfTIOl; ..,lbach. 1~ ~lood Rcro'"ffJ' Prognm facililarM a

...vttSiil of dUJ ffa\d.

mrancel. In several

granlf. (rom die IlillOric P~bOo> o,viuoo ,..... !he

cmlrs' foI tt!Urn",/! vacan. buildiop back 10 ....... !u buildiog.,....,.,.. AodJ

-= ~~ ofSocwan Cou,,,)" InOUlOn ShrM io S le.tl:< 10 Ihe o,vWon, ~MlI:< the
floods, all (l>W" of dv: build>rlg ...", 1fllll~ foI ... cr><lanffttd. None w=
~ OI'evm io rableCOl>ll,bOo>. In,,,,,,of~.poorn'coun'''',

" "'.,.. ~,

noc:aIl(l n:plaee!he ooofs an;! rtp;\U che iolefior ~

I suspKI rhaI_ of dv: squatt would h..", d>eo- (:dIen down 01' been I(lnl

dao." evenlUallysOncesomany buiktongs

rroubk .. chelJllddleofochen.

Today. all rl>W" of dv: buildirlcl_ ttOeoYftl gan.. on ha''''' bcm cullpku:l,

tttIOYaIfd and 6>_ of !he IOuo .,., __ ""'IlO<l ~

11"1 ~ _

,rpccranr: it1 of.. ~'OilOO::dc.clop, plan fa< !he

""lOI'>I: l<I.'",cW di co tudl ... apolal..,..on

pcw

, and ~

_

ID ~~1aI12C dao."!D'IIo,, Llmpbn.

0 ....11.... Gmt.miDi

Dis/rid, PIoi.1, S_'"

e-"1

,

The City of Pb. . is """"",,,
~ thttwion fa< Its ...... IOn( I'CSOtltrn. indudong !he

J"""'1 Csnrt NaDDnaI Hioa>nc

-. Oumg tht Grnr Aood of

1994,hoslOl'>l: buiJrIOoIss .. I'bir.s

surrett<! ...... from tht on-

........ flash flooding lha....-as

Nnt -Is ~;bk ";111 IIwllistorlc

ptn:>knr ~.....ur.tts.
Geo<pa. Among tht bui<Lngr;

dtDnIcur ...11 proIt ""=nu t>f~

d>oo>agtl_ PI:tlN City HaD,:IS

kl/Jmglllr /'f<JUujII.-yJ'N".

well as NlfM...... t2tly 1900s po>-

....od,....,..ntd CUI.iICtal build-;"gI ..tudl mKc up tht dao.".,..." NatI(II'I;>j Rep"", d.......a. Vomoally ~

.......corrrncm buiId"'S downto..." ~ UStSI3nD< /Or .....r r<paits; !he City
H:alI rtqUid ..._,'" "'~l'IOI' work. ind\.diog door, ..~. and tnm

The City of fll.... ou...YN f1&,ns dllough 1 block granl for .IN<tU.... and
roof repao.. to "'" """""""'I corrrncttl3l buikl.... lNl wnedOl.gtd. A t<>r>l
of t1u........ roor.'S Jl'OI<C" _tt compl<1ed 10 <:otm:t .... h<:tvy bt=Ig (oom
!he July 199~ f2>nl,. 11". gnn. rnulft!d ;" trplxcmml of tht roof. and tht pnxecbOo> of Ito< IntenD<S from funh< \I<t d......
An indi.,;,j,;al p>t 0($5.000 _ ilIlO ....xd (II rqY.tlf...,..1< on PI.,n, City Iiali. Toda, !hi. bu~ding ((lrIunl.lCl to be u"'" both as che City Hall :and as a
(OI'J'\m\lt\ity ",",ting (:lIt~ity
1he <in>tnl o( Pbin. ulebn''''' their ~ry with the ttSt of the Aood. unpacrM (ommun'tin on April 27, IWS, at d'y.long e."em h<ld in P1.ins,

AmR mE FLOOD

DOII-'/lfoZl-'JI Facade and Structural BllKk GralltJ, MOllt~ma, Maron COI/Ilty
III

- .-

Ovt,fi>-ry bwildinlls In M<muz.mn's
hl'Sino.. dist,jet K..,e ",hnhllilalod
using bi,lo,ie p"'...TVOU= fimds.

M""" people predieled thM Momo:.",o "'O/Ild no"", 'e."",,' from
Ibe Flood "I 1994,
Oneofth. {own, most de''''lalW by d>e flood of 1?94 W2S Mon,c>uma. A, ...in continu.cd du,ing d,. f,,,, week ofJuly, tIli~ community of 4,500 citizen, p..panod fo, flooding from tIl.llin, Ri,t" ,,'hich W2H'PCCtcd IOC"'sr se"cf2l days 12'c,. n", IOwn ""'" C2Ughl ofr gu.<d, Itov,tvt,. whnl nC2<by 13M"", Ctttlc, ,wollen from me
!low ofloc21 fmn pond$ :and broken d""",. ,uddenly o"fl",,-cd the town's Ie'""".
Flood ""'len rose in. mm.r of minute,:and me downtown commc:iol di,trict.
nude up of~ppro.irm.",ly60 buildings."'" unde, as much as fOil <teen feet ofw.1e< fo, fi,~ d.),s.
Afte' the w",c" rc<:c<kd, Monte,\UTU " ... faced wim monumen12l ,.. k of
'e<:o,-ery, Observe" s.id d,e IO'-"n ..... deod. A nev.1.papc' described Monrez\1fI\1 .. "a drowned ,own .!nIggiing 10 ,a"e its dO"'ntou--n" :and said me business di"ricl
" ... '1,t.~.ulyWCtering on tinct;"',." H,w.eve" mc eommuni!y refused 10 gi,-e up.
Monte.\1fI\1', community 'piri,:and detcrmin.tion. guided by ,trong Ioc2llcadc,' ,hip. brougl>t abou!2 succ~$,ful reco.-c'yon bod, an cwnomic and sthetic level.
MonlO~Urm.', f,rst wk aft 1he flood was to e"'an up d", convnercial building> in tl,e dow,,'
WWll .,~.. 1.0<;.. """ell.. "" .. l<.'''pl<.,J 'u "goi" control of dlti, li"es ."d rwpen d",i, bu,i"es.es as 'luickly .. pos,ible. HuRdtcd, of
n.e vol"n!""" can", from .round me ,ute.
H"toric l'rese,,.uon DiYi,;.,., provided toxh-
n,~ :u,;,",,'ee lo building ow'n,,,. where po,-
sible to help preserve me historic buildings during dC2ll-UP, Hi'lOne building clemen"
soch :u ,,'ood noo.-. .nd pl:Ulrr \\-'1Ils we,.
I"., i" d,e fi"t r.w d.)., .. building OWl"''' "nd vulwlltt" ru,htJ to nuke <qlli", Wl "w.,c d.., d,....Ie",e"" could be dritJ OUt "ltd ,21v"gro 0\-<' ollie.

A..... _ <ime. Mor"...uma sought fl<Wlcial:aid lOr -':1}'. 'The 1t;Nm'.

It:odo" 3ftJimJ ooug/>l :aid from every aY3il>blc IOUIU. FEMA funds

hdpcd...,1II infftNC1Ufe rq>aU-_ TheOO-'...""" ~ " _Y('<! in",,,,,.

f_ Sm:llillul..- .o.dmonisteltion Io:InI from ~ofCLJrnmo.-lil}'

AffiIi.. fot ~ COll" such 111 irn~ ..-pI:ocernl'I>L l~. Ihey

IIffilrd _ittana' fot rtpairof dw buiIdingJ.i>idl houMd " -busftsxs 0<

p<_.u_ rnlJ' would """~. The prin>dy0WtWd """.'......... ~ -.e """

~ fot ""'" of Ihc ~ :aid :rnilabIe. Monorzuma', mnarbIlIe

'O'J . . mldr JlOf,ilk lh<ough IuIa:lrit;

us- ..., from

riUl"lJ'lWtCU. ~Iho IIiIa:Iric PtoIftY:I_ Dn-.Ihc NaliomI TNII

,oa..... fot Hioaon<" PlnftWbDft,andIho Georgi;> T"".bHiuoncPtaavu.on. The

Flood Raxnu, PWC'."- dtIiglcd., hdp ..

w.e MonItZUma,

,,"""'..,.,roano: a>nWTU\M)" tcSOUra:Ilad "bIIcn ~ dw cncb" oflhc

dioaurr rdief 'JI......

down-." 1'1..,

....munll of Mon~ Iod .". a nno.ir-fonnod flood

.>00'(1}' llIIk forl;:r."""f1I' grant _it ....., from dw Il,aonc Pmc,,'alion

o,viIoon. T,,"k f(Ma mmi>trI ...-err exh usigr>al a P'P of rnc<chanIJ.,

"",,,Dna: ""1iIt ~tptl, "f'l'liaboni. N.11ftUl'oflh.. conwnun'IJ'~,

all 00-. ..,.." ....<dun......... had buildings digible lOr

oubmilled

gran,tppliationa.

The H"tone Pmc".,.""" Dov,,"'" .wvdcd Ihe 01}' ofl.lon,e:nonu """ block
gnnll ",hoch I'fOVI<k'd comprcherui,.., re<'O'''''Y ,,",;,ta<'a '0 the entit[' 00-.....
to,," conv"erc.a1 d'"lrIC'. lhee;!)"1 block gnnu were an innovo.~,.., "l'Pl'MCh
propootd l>r d,. H'S1o"e 1'""",,-....... Dlv;"on, 'ince hi,ton.; prest"""i""
gt;\'ll f~"dllre !)plC'.Jly ....."kd 10 u,divKluoll>uild",gs, 11", Divi'Km INd. dlC c:uc for dlC block 8""'" beau'" d,e en~re dO""'IOI>I" hi,tonc dislnct ..'aS
.ul>rnotg<:<J during cl,e fIood,.oo ""f'< 40 of cl'" 57 buildi"gs in cl'" d<n>11tov.11
Ire:> wen: dolor-mined t1igible for gt;\'ll ,... i""nce.

A $502,015 f>e:ado rch>bilitltOon block gnm plOVldod fundll1810 repair onrI

oo-.... ",h>bi!,\;ue the f"""lnrl feU ureriorl of die

lOWt\ buJd.np. ThiI gran.

wert<! Ihe COllI of repaus 10 iII2SOr\ry. ~. """''''81. and ocher ,......

dtrn;\ged .. the flood. In addition. nonh"lOric demon" .\lth ,., II............

nlst fron.. 0< "s/,pcovm" ......, <err>ovI. ,,~"'g <he ong.n>l hdmric
bada.ad 111I\Iltd IUlOr.ll>OO ofIhesc bada _ KCOO .lflIoshed. The multo

"1'ft1pk . .of _ Motrtr.- _ ..
..o ...oi_ ..... fItNt_ 11M
_ _ -",~_kcl ,1....,
.\1<1II"' ' $Ito1tlf_l-J _ ~ ., ,. IIwIT mUilp.
n. _M<iyH_ 11M Mil4UtpjOr
J-~ Ir~1I1y11UMJ1IM

...""'''''''

lIM_offill

.11.M..b..-..-r.K..IuIf"w"'J-_-"'_- n-}.-u

Io<tou It> P'" . . . bed '" 6""'"'

{hI}"'" _/do~

bIt

1/," -:y_1tJbk "' {"-
hilJi"f """.uri ffiswnc
/'Tr"'''OlkM DhiIkM """~.,....I. .'JIlI 1M,., B"""lI.

- C=_ AlltooJ,
~'M()Itlt:~"'D 1"1_
e;,...", t:OOr'l!JMI(Jr

R _ u g ._ _ -.....~dtt
""-_Jt-uofJ,iOIflt~
~ , , , , , - i c" " . l l I .

Arn.R TIlE FLOOD

'1 _d>ls,*,~_.

.....Ioa. rM
ri.

W

i

.

_

P'fJIlA..A-Jr.

P"~'" -,.~.,.
_Ilth'

--"T"-",'r,t":k_K..__. ..

p' .. 1:(0

t .~ . ~

_.... - <-'I/' '1' '.,1' .



..o:"

.oJ"

'

,

..."" I 'i..K>J.\::. .' I

\ <?
: , 4 / .oc:? ..

,,~.



)

. ;: ~&.4-.'IO&-V.Q". i~~\~~.,!-LJ"~

A. E:lJAICDB!G...-J-Std 1M pI-Ji>' HOImjlalflOlf of

~'-s"""+StJllM - .

of !hi, vant '<I'OCk pccMdccl 3 d....,..,tio: tr3<UfonnallOl'l of downlO'O'"
Montnum1

A ~ond blo<:k grant of 5%,360 fOt 'lC'UCfU...oI ,l3biItubon pcoWloccl SllUCfUt:>I rtp>i .. beyond the bu~dings f:ocodes. Doun, of roof" d>rn>gccl by the intffl~ rain., ,,"C~ ttpairccl. Hi,roric .lmlCfllS of buadinp' inrrriocs including wood fIoo..,1"11 tin ailings, ~deven> hi.toric: bank VlIult, ,...,~
,d,.biIi"ted.

]n'pi reel by d>c bene: fiu 0 fhisroric pfCSCmltion, Montcsun undertOOk olllc,

p:semltion >etivi,ieI 10 compIcmtn, the "iubJi",tion of the down10'0"1l

di,lric~ n.e;, .rrO<tI ,,"C~ :lI,i,ttd by boch flood ttWVcry and ongoing

~bon p<OgJW1>S. "Ion ;......... invi<cclthe ]'Iisootic Itrse~c;..~sion'.

oror.... Lof:3I Go~mmm. Coonlitwoc fO hdp the orr eotablisll a hi.1Oric
i"fi"l'v::llion """"""oon and beooc". > c"niforcl Lof:3I eo...mmm~ This

ddroswignJuwtowonnlllw'dillw~ .. adv:>tnhteascriotyL

fO f"'O""C" "' othc< fund.ng

"
U\

~1r impcowd me furutr. The

hiuoric (~ I(nl

II"""'" &oa-#

lit ~M(jftrt:~S.;;;;~!~

Ioal mlidmtl 3nd 0lJ 0 ....,........ ,",!'out T-.o Mil'< .N. I-lood"'
wurbhop, """bOOed br.N. N2bOnlIl TNSI 3nd 1bc ~ of Georpa Schod of f:n."UOnmtnnl ~ 11:1 I=n aboul a>mrrU>fIJ ~ ch:ol ~cwnomocoodop''''>l.lnaddollOl'l,'l':.-.l~ _ _ fOrlbc """nl\1O.... 0)0.0 .,."... d.nnct ... '" ~

An Economic Da..,Iopmen< Au""'"'lyfC'O""'.......1y De"Clopmen1 Block
Granl funded t=ISQ(>C "'"1'IO'-emc<l1 plan fo. M"flle%uma lOoornplernen. rthab~itlOOn effon~, The ,treelSC>pe rtvitlhuuon woek beg>n '" 1997. TIle
Georgi. T Nn provided p1-mning ...."once to develop I"ng.....,ge p1-m, fix
economic developmenl, heritage toun'lfI and down."",., ",,>Ii.~rion, TIle Georgi. TN" >Itosecurtd. $100,000 gnnl from the ~loodlUrrp()u ...bOOn
10 CO<'l'f'Ie'" ...., foc>de tth.b~; ..tion project

TIle """,,-ati~ block gnnlS:II'd \\'oodlUffr"OUnlbtion funds, COfTlbontd wid>

IeChnoaIIIDd p10nn0ns uo..c:once from the ~1...lOnC P=c<nllOOl I:lonioon. d>e

.,,,..,1 Georp:1 TIUI'I ..., the N.-.l T""" h,...., ruulll"d in fuI lUX)'('j of

MotlltZUm>'. dolo.....,...... (01.0

dalinCC C:on:n AlI&'OC'd. Mon..,_ftl'~

Flood Ganr Coordon>u><, $UIt>I1li II up: ~h _ the $pI<d of die propk IIDd

lho: opiriI ofodunlet<UM!Iu. $pUIYe<I ~ on. And 1dunl die dung lh2. "'"

ktpI ~png_hr", hopong.. ~<c:onoo..,e>llj .... 1)(.(n lho:"-:Iric

l"'"""'-obon effo<tl.~ MoninUma hod "'" prcviou$Ij biPen . . ......wIy in,...."'"" in lu,tOn< ~bOn...... IQUI, of lho: 1Iood,Ihe ci<y Inmed N'

ptt'SI',,-.bon C2ti ~ die foundotion of ~ and phl'ic::aI """""'.

The Aood llcco1ie<y Progr>rn broughl new indultry heri'>g!: rourillfl- 10

MOIlIe.um:o, brougln ncw life 10 the downlown, -md helped bring ,he eiti,en,

of die 10"'" IOgcd'C. ir [Q(J'lm(ln oust. AI l.>uSinctl owner Torrunj

"o,..., MeKen.it IOl", "the nood VI<! the 1'tI""i)' fl'Oln i,.tt! .bout the CIIIIy bnght

",IOU dlis ., .... Iud. [1ft this do:;w...

""'if:Oli""tion "",,eel .. our

econon,;e """ b(101. And I'm putting my money ,,~ ,.", """"" IS, I'm

building d"""new build.,&, 1O ..IIe:odv:ln... of the n,oo"ny Long.f",.. die

Flood of 199-1 bob from memo<j, die 1\10.11 of MooleZlllftl,..;)1 iJ'w,e ...
" ........,f'" eemple of 11I,IIone ~ 21 .... dfecove tool WI "-let

~"'.

AflfJl THE Fwoo

5. REVIEW OF FEOERAL AcnONS

e-di11Jl~ Witb FtdUllI AltJUUJ

no. ann< .."S'a" ....... nJj,-.du3I h...onc ............... _ one of die key

,"'"al coo, .......".. of doc I'loud I\.wo'CI) P~ no. cn......

~

l""l9a" ..'Z a>oChcr. no. En,.....,... oal Reriew twa .. IS ~iml b,

fcdcnl b",. It en"'*' !he StOll. HlSIOric P~ ...... Off.:.: (the HillOric

Prcsernlion On""""') .. poonIc "'rirw.... coo ,",,", Otl fcdcnl actions chal could affect hoi'tone Il.."..n>e. '" die ,tlttc of ~a.

Iltginning dIt ""ttk of !he Oood, dIt Historic Prex....lion Divuion "'""<1<e<I
clostly wilh dIt FcdcnJ Em.rgmcy l>bn:lgemcnl Agency {FEMA), lht
Georg;. Emt:rgmcy M:an>gMl<ll1 A&"""Y (G/I.IA), lhc Gcorgio. Dq>wmtnt of T,.""pomtioo, :and ihc: Georg;. o..!'"'nmcnt of CorronWlity Aff"';rs to
identify hislOne propcrtiet tim were .ffccred by th. d.... le', to >elv;.. ""
docummtotioo :and tre1b1'1efn options fOf thot.e P~"in. :and 10 de,..lop 'If"ltegirs tllIl ...:ablcd tI>ose ~ 10 takehi.toricpropertin iruO:occounI .. they IIdIrIInillcred their 0\I.'n f~IJ funded di."m........laICe 1""&f"I""-

&mlJJ of &tit...

IlundR"ds ofhastori<

POOlIt'''''' -.em...
\1fi.d. prot...:,ed,
funded Of odW>iI._

l"1It'd ....-.I'of....,

11_Ptncrnbon
o.ntoOR'. consul ....
_ ....tIl ohtot .tote

:ond fcdcnI ~
r..... cnmpl I'E.\{A

funded the 'CCOtl-

,,'uc,ion of lh.

Auehu"Y'k.. C"",k Covred Bridg., wh'eh broke i",o

TM dnrtUlge {D CkJtI.,ew Gild RI.-erslde Cemeury ,.... D,er.rAe/mmg.

pieces and w:a<hcd oo....nlltum during 'he Oood. In A1b:any, "E.MA funds
" ..re uKd to resl<)f'l' the hi.toric (hkvi<:w!Ri"...ide Cemelery. including rep"';, :and d ..arung ofgr. marl<crs. rt$ton,ion ofhislQric landsc:lpt feolUrt$.

aid rep:ait of CClT"IC'j f WIg. fa-fA Ibo funded "'" rclubiIi..lion of "'" IUSIOnC Tift \(!ard>ouse .. "'" ll".....seesko I--ltntsgt CcnlCt on Alblny.

no. Dtpantnent of ComononOlJ Affoirs funded doc rthabi!,l:iIJQtl of IOn><

h'llon: homes in ArbsrrJ'........gfcdcnl<:txnnu"ulJ Dor>dopo'""ll BIod<Gnou funds. no. J:tLopsrtmem ofTrsntpOI ...,jou was ollie .. rtpaa< ~ himnc

u.,. l:Jndgs ..-hidI ....... cbrn2fp;I b, "'" flood ..-aoen. FE.\tA .... GEMA

~ ..~m doc

of Macon ond lht Hiucnc Prt$C.suo Dn-$on ..

Idenofy opraans ro. "'" haslOC'JC Maron "'Mer \1'",b IflCf I ""' ..-=r pbou

" buill ..~tIl FE.\tA fundi..

no. Mxon U'I'" \(",b ... good o:a,""'of"," tc:SUItsof en,i....".n....

"'It... rtt>Cw elfom .f... the l1ood. no. fxi!ilJ""" vily c!IonIFI by the nging

flood ..

Eon",,:ues of die cost of tcpIIO" .h cd til.. new CJ:lmttuebon

wuuld l:>< "'" bes' opoon The Ci'J lAd FE.\tA plannctl 10 demolish die

bu~drngt and rcdtvdop tht .".. 110wc>-et, tht 1897 Waltr W",ks ,rill hsd

value lO "'" commun'lJ. As Fl!j,L', """ 'he HislQnC Prexn",'ion o;vi.ion

wo&td "'F""" to

h..1On< "'w"rOC2flCf:, ot ~:oppan'JI' w. "'"

Mxon Ilil= WOfb noll(>l1;J!ly """.r>(:;ln' IusllOnC' P'OPl'ltJ'.

The p,..."h~ f.>l;~..., aIoo&"" banks of".. <:lcn-..Ip R...~. could brctxnf,. bnoutifUI tUonoonol ........ly ro. the CiIJ of /l.bcon. ThtI.IJPt of _ wauld

Ix aplIIIly opptepnatc bccouse ".. Ilt~ \tOfb .... ocigInaIIy drs.gno<I to

stn"! lha putpooe II wdI .. 10 ~..-ate< fOf Iht olJ, and .... lIICd ro.
pma and odic. outInf;S ro. d=deJ ar 11 opened.. Ane. c:rpIonrIc 011 Iht

opbons. "'"'"""8 ....th ........,.11:<1 0

:ond ~, and tnIisms Iht

"'WO'" olloal_-prof", ~ FaIA and lht Ciry ofM3aln ogfftd

OIl prqoo.n= on:hov:ll qual..,. ~ of lht /l.bcon IX..",," '\1I:'Ofb and OIl

im"CSllptC 0fM*0"I ro. rtuK of lhe 0fIgIR0I POI"'''I If' 0)I'l"0'fIUn01J JWlt .......

dc.~lojw'6 f'l- fOf CtlIUIrUOion of

~ foril")' nnrbf

of.'........... /u'ood'In .'......' 1OOmC or..,

,,111 ~ oontuI"'(I(II\f ..-ilh kdtt:aI

and w,,., ~

".. ""'~ :ond pr<>fCCtlOn of hundmk

-....m "*' _1>roIopc3I <noUfUI and KI'"'' """""'- lu:taIl tNt _ donujI;ftl Of
bJ lhe Grn! Hood of 199-1_ .... bI<e IfId n.~ Io>odl or><! rd!,

"'""1 "In ...""" domof:ed- The dunl of Ioo~ .... a1wars prncm. The

Ilt' ' ' ' ' Dn"t$ion'.1frlItologIs1I "'"f'O"'led quidJy lOaol1I ..-t.cn such solCl_disow-

trrd, and f"O"'dtd guod:ua on lhe "JlIl<OI'<U'" ;IoC'>OI\I 10 lake.

the

Ili.toric 1'~"'llIOn [)'vision'I..,.~1II """""'" invol...,....,. in d",dins-

lef' ","pon~. CO\.If\tleli rullOnc fl<'l1'l'nioH ...'OUItl now be t""" ro=.

1f_ _ tJ/~pn>pMWS_
iJrorifiu. prt1lIH.fi-JH.~1,r4IHAI. ",.It tJ/"'"
.......1Iisulrif:-.._ ~...
_ 1 - -./tIr_ Md/tdmll

AFTER THE FLOOD
"The architect has been very helpful and [the] knowledge and expertise that he so generously shared with [us] during this entire project is greatly appreciated. "
--Mrs. RonaldT. Williams, The Federated Garden Clubs ofMacon

6. SOME KEYS TO SUCCESS
Planning Assistance
One key to the success of this fast-paced and ambitious grant program was having regional preservation planners in the two regions hardest hit by Tropical Storm Alberto. The Middle Flint Regional Development Center (RDq, headquartered in Americus, already employed a preservation planner who spent 40% of her time on historic preservation. The Historic Preservation Division was able to provide Flood Recovery Program funds to the RDC to increase the time she was able to spend on flood-related preservation assistance. The Southwest Georgia RDC had not had a preservation planner on staff since the early 1980s. The Division provided Flood Recovery Program funds to allow the RDC to hire a preservation planner to work full-time on flood-related preservation activities for the two most intensive years of recovery.
The preservation planners were critical to the success of both the individual projects and the overall Flood Recovery Program. They identified potential projects and helped owners apply for grant funds; they spread word of the availability of funds; they worked closely with property owners, architects, and contractors to insure high quality preservation work; and they hosted workshops on preservation in their regions to further extend the benefits of the program. Perhaps their most valuable contribution was to work closely with local officials and community leaders in many towns and counties to establish plans for longterm preservation activities that will bring economic, tourism, and community development benefits long after flood recovery is complete.
Architect/Ira! Assistance
One of the most difficult aspects of the recovery of south Georgia was the lack ofcontractors, architects and building suppliers to keep up with the demand for repair and reconstruction assistance. It was even harder to find architects and contractors experienced in historic preservation work. Therefore, the Historic Preservation Division used Flood Recovery Program funds to contract with two architects, David Maschke of Albany and David Richardson of Macon, who lived and practiced in the region and who were experienced in preservation.
The architects' involvement in the program was invaluable. They helped put together bid documents, helped owners select contractors, and oversaw the work on most of the projects. One grant recipient, describing the architect's role, said, "he has been very helpful and his knowledge and expertise that lhe] so generously shared with [us] during this entire project is greatly appreciated."
The architects worked closely with tl1e Historic Preservation Division to verify that standards were met and grant requirements were fulfilled. The Division's office is several hours away from the region in which the grant projects were located; tl1erefore, staff architects could not provide the level of oversight and assistance that these projects needed. The project architects were easily accessible to the local project managers. They worked closely with the property owners and project sponsors to help tl1em stay within budget and on time, and ensure quality workmanship on their buildings. They also provided much-needed encouragement during the long process of recovery. David Maschke, project architect from Albany, observed, "following any natural disaster there are all sorts of needs that people put primary emphasis on... in most of the smaller communities throughout the flooded area, tl1e older structures are really the source of community pride and identification. Being able to respond to get the necessary repairs made to historic structures helped the community recover, both in terms of physical [and] psychological recovery."

26

Partnership With the Georgia Trust for Historic Preservation
The Georgia Trust for Historic Preservation played a vital role throughout the Flood Recovery Program. Georgia Trust staff participated in the disaster response teams to assess damage and provide the first wave of technical assistance to property owners. The Trust was also instrumental in the establishment of the Flood Task Force of preservation organizations. In addition, the Georgia Trust designated a staff member to work two days per week on flood recovery assistance. This position was funded by Flood Recovery Program funds from the Historic Preservation Division. The Preservation Associate identified particular needs for assistance to the cities a fMontezuma, Newton and Albany and worked with these cities on recovery projects for a full year.
In Montezuma, the Georgia Trust brought in Ben Boozer, a downtown development specialist from South Carolina, to consult with city leaders, business people and others to develop a strategic planningagenda for Montezuma. With this agenda in hand, the Georgia Trust asked the National Trust for Historic Preservation to fund a corrununity strategic plan. The Preservation Associate worked with the city to publicize the public meetings for the plan and to begin implementation of it. The Georgia Trust's key role in seeking private funding to complement the public flood recovery funds resulted in a $100,000 grant from the Woodruff Foundation to Montezuma for completion of the downtown facade rehabilitation project.
The Georgia Trust concentrated its efforts in Albany on assistance to local nonprofit organizations. Their work strengthened local preservation organizations and assisted with the development ofa preservation plan for Albany which was funded by the National Trust. The Georgia Trust assisted with a similar plan for downtown Newton and advocated the reuse of a historic school building as a county judicial and administrative facility.
One of the many lasting contributions of the Georgia Trust to the flood recovery effort was its development of a "corrununity visioning" process through which citizens and corrununity leaders can create a shared vision for a corrununity's future and identify assets upon which they can build that future. This process proved successful during the recovery from Tropical Storm Alberto, but it will also be a useful technique for many other corrununities that wish to incorporate historic resources in their plans for the future.
Partnership With the National Trust for Histonc Preservation
The Southern Regional Office of the National Trust for Historic Preservation was involved in Georgia's flood recovery effort from the first days of the disaster. During the emergency period, the National Trust sent an architect to participate in the Historic Preservation Division's disaster response teams and provided technical handouts on treatment ofa flooded historic building. A staff person was later hired to work part-time on flood recovery in Georgia, Alabama, and Florida.The National Trust staff came to Georgia and met often with the Historic Preservation Division and the Georgia Trust to develop plans for dIe Flood Recovery Program.
The National T rust was instrumental in securing the federal allocation for historic preservation flood recovery in Georgia, Alabama and Florida. It also cosponsored with the University of Georgia a "Your Town After the Flood" workshop in Americus. Finally, using its portion of the federal allocation, the National T rust provided grants for preservation planning projects in Montezuma, Newton and Albany.

''After the flood waters had receded, the preservation partners went into the field with two goals: first, to help the impacted communities understand and choose from the variousforms of assistance available, and second, to envision the future direction oftheir community andformulate the key strategies to achieve this vision. "
--Greg Paxton, Georgia Trustfor Historic Preservation

27

AFTER THE FLOOD

Teamwork Brought Results
One of the most important keys to success of the Flood Recovery Program for historic properties was the cooperative spirit of all of the preservation organizations. This teamwork enabled preservationists to respond to the emergency quickly and effectively, and allowed each organization to focus on what it could best do to support south Georgia's communities during this unprecedented disaster.
For example, according to federal law an option available to homeowners in the floodway was to use FEMA funds to move their homes to new locations and rehabilitate them, rather than have FEMA buy and demolish them as part ofthe Hazard Mitigation Program. FEMA staff in Georgia agreed to allow homeowners to take advantage of the salvage option, but left it up to preservationists to let property owners know that this option existed. The National Trust for Historic Preservation sent information showing that, in other states, FEMA had allowed historic buildings to be moved rather than demolished; the Historic Preservation Division negotiated the agreementwith FEMA; the Georgia Trust and regional preservation planners advertised the moving option throughout the region; and the Preservation Associate of the Georgia Trust worked with a Newton property owner to have a historic house moved out of the floodplain so that it could be rehabilitated. This is now one of the few historic homes remaining in Newton after the flood.
Each of the preservation partners played a crucial role in the Flood Recovery Program. Cooperation and teamwork were the underlying foundations of the entire Flood Recovery Program.

28

7. SPECIAL EI'E/(fS AND EDUCATIONAL
ACTII'ITIES

~ _ I I Q hdd special e>-enlJ ""aIebn.. lhNcononuing lO'~1')
r...... 1hl: Grno: Floodo( 199-1, and "" dank Ihl:fI"'M"\..... ~....... dw
had~II> Ihr>< m:o.~..,. lbtstttoUS p"" lhc flood V1Cbfl'lII ~cNnce
10""""'" IhN own a<alO.pish'nmn and toc:dobr.ue lhtt< ..................
"P"I.",.", "

Tho flt$l tdd:nuon ,..,.. held in bnlOW1\ PIains, ... April 27. 1995- C>IIed

~1Ilbtno ~ Da,," cht "'....., higIlIigIlood !he contribulions I>istDnc

"',-Iong pmtn.._ IS ~ 10 "'" ttt;ion'............ and ~ .cd<odupoOkOiL
(),-n 200 people: from ..........ut G<orgiI anmdc:d "'" ewnr. Tho

ctkbnll"" (on.JoOO ~ a""ooo'1 10 honor the ,ijlio,,, of ..... Historic

P<nn'I"""" "'VIS_'S Flood Rt<m~ I'rogrwn gr;lIllS, J lwbut picnic. 3

1""'''' wotkshop on !he~'pJCMS:and how lOCI'" (or h'lronc

ties 1fl~ ,he

flood, :and lOUrs of 1"1111I1 :and lhc Jimmy Cane, N.oorul ]lillone Si~.

1f~"'pn>pkl'-dw'"'ll'''''~'''PldIU'''~~
AIHrlo~Da)t

Formt< T'<t$dml and 1'1_ rum-., J........y Canrr .... !he loeynoor $ptHtt.

pta..,. I'lUodtnt C:ann COOI elled on !he o><>p<_ b t _ oo:u>ont and JP1'"tt"'"

rnl'JIl ,flit< lht ......'31.._ of dot lIood. He lUi, "llw:oc

YMd

dtmonl...--ltw _'", part oCou<pc".,."". ]f.1 oha~ rupoouibilioy

.....110 ...-tu, ~ an do roo"b.otd...Mh !he odf.rd~ and f'<"id" of

",,"~cil1%O'l$-n....pco:al ~ Ihis mom....."",...." "'fIlhe~

of our ~_-->ll Ihc ...., ::Ie",," the rtgIO'I. noc "'" ., I"Wn&. A

cowuoplw: Iw ....., of bongmg people: ~, and .....,"'It lhrm III

00".'01)0' cffon.R

' 'IOn ]1"lOnel'1KC......rion Di

DirKlO<:and Snle HISIOOC l'rutt\'2.bon Off"""

in"""""", l-brlc Ed",ordII'ICK<l'ed on O\."rsiud check for $140,500 10 !he Ci'l' arPl.ins,

<ep~,i"f:lilt St.""

in Ihc town'. ru N'" ducus" ",h.b~;IO'>OI1of

AfTER TIlE FL<XXl

~il_-"Mn. C _
. .Mayrw GDtItont
~wd .. cItk .... HIoDIf
D/P/GiIfS!r- ,\1",.
~ond[)..,yl
8arbJG1. of t~ IIWQf'i~
I'ffiU,""OU"" Vi"i,i."..

"'IlN lIist()f'i~ hutrw>lio>t Oi,'i"""
_If...,. ..... 11M />U" 1t>U>1/y dldicNtd ill NtnJI"' , ."i/)' "UIdI ..... ftOGl; 10 roWr' -.d H H/"" .......fonllNjIooJof'U ..f7J-yJ u ,. ~.lMd _ ..",.....oc_.IooI"
"""" .............,,---/d..
_ P n S l O t l N ' i l l i. . . . AID,.", AItHo't:"",,,

lOS ~ hislOflC ~ The crlcbn_ demcIno oaI ....lOfic
p'ae,n"",,'. abiI'rr lei b<-..g JIC"'l* "'S"~. lei bWId p<ide COITWT-.Inirr,
lei link pul and fuN"'. """ 10 1nC<n5C ......... 'IOC OO'dopmcot

MOnlt:"",,,

The nexllocal edcbr:l1;oo """"<ttd it, MOnlc>"JI\) Ul J:k<;,mlx, or I')')S. The

M;>CO<\ U>un'Y Ili$torical Socl(\)". tll( Flint Ri,'" Community Ilotp;tal. ond !hi!

p....,,,.. Gty or MoolCzunu hosted ~ rtption to hooor d... IllSto<ic PrQCt'l"1bon

Di'tision...... "-gia Trus' l'<w HIS"';"

lO\, ..... "'atJOIUI T t. m.

u............, of"-gia SdwxII of Em .....'k"m Daif;n. ond ..... I ';"'k of
eo.rm....r, """ Art:I ~olcpt*.... _ilo h3d ~ WIOfl<cd ..."dd to help

MonlnUml - . . - from TrcpaI Soorm."Jbcno. The rt<r ..... ' wro cdcbnlCd.........., 1""""""_ the .....fpngdcmont of~lonooxuma'._

pbns lOr 01,o".. do>iolcp ..eht:and dcro."lO'tl" ""'..;II=-.

Le>dtn of MonlC>unn, sn,d,.J for the rmo..'cd "taI,ty of dlt' ."y 1ft mlny
1'",..,,,,.,,,,,, hod prcdi<:tcd '.. dc:oth. pttKIucd the key to the ."y III M>rk F~".."II, Hi$ton<: Div'lIO<' 0.'''101 ..1<1 Stl.lC 11"",,;., Pre..,,,,..,,,,,, OITI(". D.= Allgood. tho" I~""" G",u.. Coo,duuto' fo' tho ."y, c"""neillod, "delp;te
medii ...-portl It> \h. (O"''''ry. Montl'>wtU " d,n",ng ""''' i" th. midlf of
tTcmMdou.I economic n::,,taI'>auon. nu. l'ffort wu Ul,h..ed 1' :an l'atrWUtion of ..... Glfl pUI gn>"o"tb t:IuougIl hIStone "'...,....,oon...

~Ion=unu opn cdcbntnl ...'hen "" f...so rdtabiIiation pro;... bcpn. "

""IOn:: mbonaot""'...." ...." _hridon ""'r;usI7. 1996,_t>cn thr fuvol...........

Wl'ftWIg ...... """",...:I from I

..-.f""" .... dooo...."""... M",,1nUmO.

1.ocII Iadno. buslCSS _....... IQIII: offiaal thr prt>II ,""",><1 :and

oon<rXlOr. "" Gcocp1 TIUII l'ot His"""" P....,,,..oon, """ thr 1I..1On:: PtntrVOt"'" o;,"i$ion were 00 lund to ...~tnCSl "" bcginnD1g of thr tnn5fo.

..nation o( the CQfhInl'1Ci>l dOSlno:'.

D,,''';'''' Oirector "'ork Ed"..tdI noled th.1 thc 1'1""" Rcco,'ory 1''''8''''''

block gtIIm to Monl.>WlU " ..'" ~lC l.tgCII fin....'>1 coo",ulIl... it from the

Historic I'

tion o;"is"", to Illy commtIftlty f'<.'CO\'''';'ll: from tl'" I10o<I.

Mlyor 1' _ ..xTdliIms

10 think "" 0."' for thi

ying,

~thr HiltQnC P""""..oon Dovil"", hu bcm lOtIIly dcdiCIocd

ling our

P ' ........ ~ to rnch

10 l'CCO'o-n """ bt bcnc1 thin btlOn: thr

800d ol'9L (On

01 pmvidcd"''''...-r-lJC oudook ""-'doom

:and t;loom. prc. '1 1 duang..... nrfy fCCOl'ftJ'.... [ThcrIse< the IlOnCbnf fOr

odIcn 10 mUolt ond cv..od toal rnpccL \'t'c IooIt: 1Or.t....-d 10"'" oononuing

....... tdIoonIhrp ....... ornpIcmcnt """ ........ lUO\"ft)" .........Ii """ pro.
""","

GMrri, Mic'1,1 AuociQliOfl
In J - of 1995. lI-c Gcoogi> M....icipaI Asoocianon honot<d !he Hiuonc
P~ nonD"""lOndunngthoGMA~eo..VU\nonfo.r........l3I1du>g
cffons assl$' tho ........ and cibo$ of _th ~ u Ihcr 'bCO'Ut<l f.....
IhcGfnf ..1ooo:I ofl9'M Arltt~~ldl""andMMIo: Ildwxds p<acnlCd an 0'0'Mal! check 10 !he cibcs of ~ and ~ the Hiltonc
p~_ o.,"dIOf"I" p1~ ltd.oic::aI and fllnNl ....aau 10 GMA
-"e,obtt COIJmUnItla. !he P<adcnl olGMA _ ,....>lCci on lhe ."iOttai.....
",!houonc ,__",_10 Ihc ......... ,... ~ol~l.,.....and

Go,..........Ilt/le' tmd Viw""" Di1'CClO' }.f",t ~ pnunl<> &Ilt 1<> 1M ~ ..-110M loa... ~iwd Flood Rtcr>"t'Y ~ ,""" f -

11Y~1 aaJ EdNmliullaJ Ma/mals

I H. . . .~WIfn

p...,........ 0... ofIhcpJ !he HiJCOn: P~"alJOn0......... 1<'\ lOr 1U Rood Roxo.,.,. to ptOViclo UOtJancc em!......ld IndI beyond Ihc dins... 1Odf.

ltIIu.If;h bodIli.n;\inp;:and Ird>nd ."tailCe. The I~ p~
0.,..... .ndudt<I aetmlla tlw would help I'""'f'Ie and ~ beyond

!hedisaMr<am and lhal......ld c:oNR.c 10 rnpborw:fa loolf;aIltth dis3s...

u.. . .... 0'0,". One such actn~1J "ozs Ihc 'lI;"iOd :and

',J;'Oibhop hc/d in

om..... Stp........ 1995.111 Dennw. Tho lby-Ion& worbhop .... co-opono<>ml br

!he HIWJnC Pmcrn_

!he Kaboftal Pod< StMa:. Ihc Gcocp>

~ olCOirrnunIlJ Af&in.and !he ~ Depa<lmenI ollndustry.

Trodc and Tourism. Tho "'m ond Wartr Worbhopl! f'iowodtd ltd."'aI
informa,lOn on .."Ooding and lmIbng <bnugie II) haslOnC f'l0PUbcs auscd br

wind and ....~r from humc:In<s.lOI1'I3dots and fIocJdl. Thc kcyno4c spnUr

John waJ

Lctkt f"""t ........,., COiI$u1ta", and COOUXIO< (rom M......

l"cchnoc:al hondouu g....ng Jpeof" gUldmcc and co"'",,1S (0< funhtt '" f(l<r"l'lO.

non ......, ~ 10 ~h p-><tioci!W't Ari;h"cclS, tu"o<1C f"q'tltJ owntrl.

plnCfV".uoo'I$l$. ~'..qp;rncy """'"g:men, pc"",,~lCl.b,,,ldms inspcctOrl, ond
J""". I>u~d"'g lI'"MJoo ,)l:"",,~lClancndt<l from Gcmg1a and .~rrounding

7Ior Jlt>otI~?J . . _
illdlldttl ri'rllll!l ..... wiU IwIp
~-,~-..,....
~ .... -' WlII"..,_ "' .... ~ 'lfIeT*U df_ .......,.

AFTER THE FLOOD

In addition to the workshop, the Historic Preservation Division developed a "Wind and Water" presentation kit which can be used by any interested organization for local workshops on disaster preparedness for historic resources. The self-contained workshop kit includes a presentation guide, samples ofbuilding materials, Preservation Briefs, a video and other publications. The kit is available from the Historic Preservation Division.
"Your Town After the Flood"
The next workshop, entitled ''Your Town After the Hood," was held in Americus onJuly 14-15, 1995. The workshop was sponsored by the University of Georgia School of Environmental Design and by the National Trust for Historic Preservation. Thirty-three people from ten southwest Georgia communities attended. This creative workshop enabled participants to see the flood as a turning point in their town's history and an opportunity to begin planning for a better future for their town. 1ne ''Your Town" process helps local leaders develop skills in improving community appearance as a complement to economic development activities. ''Your Town" seminars are held annually around tl1e southeast; this one was specifically directed toward flood recovery.
"Economic Benefits ofHistoric Preservation"
In Albany, tl1e Middle Hint and Southwest Georgia Regional Development Centers hosted an "Economic Benefits Through Historic Preservation" workshop in May 1996, to introduce the benefits of preservation -- such as rehabilitation tax credits, grants, and economic development -- to the region. The primary focus of ilie workshop was the rehabilitation ofhistoric properties for low-income housing. Speakers included representatives from the Georgia Housing and Finance Authority, the Internal Revenue Service, low-income housing development specialists, and a preservation architect. Rehabilitation projects using tax credits and National Register nominations for significant historic properties have already resulted from iliis workshop.
"After the Flood:Rehabilitating Historic Resources"
As a result of tl1e 'Wind and Water" workshop, the Historic Preservation Division prepared a publication designed for the property owner, titled, "After tl1e Hood: Rehabilitating Historic Resources." This manual is a compendium of practical tips, including preparing a building for impending flooding, safety guidelines, re-entry after flooding, drying and cleaning the building, and planning for rehabilitation. It includes information from tl1e Red Cross, FEMA, and preservation organizations. "After tl1e Hood: Rehabilitating Historic Resources" was well-received by building professionals, preservationists, and property owners in Georgia. It has been requested by many other states. Copies are available from tl1e Historic Preservation Division.
"After the Flood:Rebuilding Communities Through Historic Preservation"
Finally, tl1e Division worked wiili ilie film crew of ilie Georgia Department of Natural Resources to produce a 20-minute video on ilie Great Hood of 1994 and the results of recovery through historic preservation. Containing footage of the disaster as it happened and of tl1e progress and results of the Hood Recovery Program grant projects, tl1e video focuses on the ways in which people were affected by the flood and by the recovery through historic preservation. This video is available to community leaders, preservationists, organizations, educational groups and oilier states through tl1e DNR Film and Video Catalog.
32

8. PUITI~G IT ALL TOGETHER: SUCCESS OF

TIlE PROGRAM AND LESSONS LEARNED

S JIIIIIY

Tht Ib:>d of JulJ, 1994 """ the e>-enlJ ctQIl'olIowed It affaI the tms of
"""->ds otCO-p. """ ~ _comnuuca~. DtsuIrn
web. Tn>pot'II Soorm~ (aISf: unaold.......,.and COl.milbons ofdoD=,
bullhcy 0100 bnlcouo. "'"' bw: lD P"<'Pe on<! ~ OUt ~ ~
oppcxNnIlJOa. One ado opponunity dw ........,. ~ lOlled _ !he
"""'.,"*,,031 fior 0....."'.." .. oncI phJ$icIiI do:.dopt"'M Ihat hinane .. ~

Sarno ....... ILJd iotlf; ...dcntood chesc bcncflll >nd Iud UKd hastoric pran"

nban '"". cbdoponcUl1OOlli:w many ~ Ther wca: poiocd I:> rrWoo the

""12I'U me.1 of the new flfUnCl3l ..... tn:hnic:aI

~ b,. the Historic

"-'mll>Cl<l 0Msi0n "'rousI> the Flood R<m..,,.,. Pros:r-n- Manhew ~Iofe

of I.......,k... uys. "u 100I'I"" I he>rd oIn.ot .... 1F1ood Rtco.~1'J PrognmI3nd

bcpt> 10 COfICr1ft of:all lIu.. I!PD """" ofr..~ I lOkI other people in !he

commun'lJ obou.;1. This projttt h.. bttn bunctbng pad foe l.umplUn, ",'hich

is."''Y poor 10'<1o... ond I th,nk dul if. ""I')' irrlpolnnL We ..,rymuch ~ialC

th., N
L1.

Flood

Recovery

I'rogr.om ~,!S

:and u.i.13rlC<:

h<lpI'd thnc c(lfT'lrJIUIliri(s

", "1'.ir wh _ d;vnaged :and CO<IbnUC: mov,nl; lQW:Iro (UlUt't buil<U

on d'e be.1 of the post

-W I/MIi_~"f" 'H".
""Y.-......"' ... "'....
-n-t. - C>p<:NUiotf oDtnd ~
all tJ/:J'O". NffdI.s> '" "'Y.... D.\"R lfistom ho...._tiM ~ f"looJ
RU<N<:ry Gr-,W<U II I~ - f o r
fJHl filflllfdtll aulJt_ gl...".
TIlM.b again-"'" ,..,... _
pro!.mo.r,.llifId go....""" "'~.

Other pixel t,ld not ho.d """,h ex""""nce with histone prtm'Y'I.t;oo, ye' they
cOt\lOined m>ll)' hi,lO<ic Prop<'rtitl in their downfQWt\S aod their oeighhor.
hood" and ""'t't ,herefore obi. '0 12k. ad-nn'.ge of me Rood Recovery Program. 'n,i. program provided >II opportunlly for the HislOric Prnc~lJO<l l"livition and P"""'" O<p1;ntions to shov. commun;,1tS .... ~ue of hi.tone ~Ml'o..The coownunitio's rha, p2rticipolnl II.." cmtl'gtd better lh>n lhey ...,~ bero~. toe'lPud by new po..ib~;b"s for Iht.. fuN~ and tIl'W partnC<l in
~eITo<u.

Ta}~"" C"""'Y Co.",....,... C"poIa _mAtr
CMlI",el/o",

The rtbuiId"l&proo:cu .r....1hc flood

mrs ...-ill OOIlll<>Ul: for

01;> 0Qfl'l. In

m3flr pbca ~, soulh.u,
Georpo. MIOtIC: p""'''u_ ..... be

.... of1he~ofdul~

builcl.n& elTon becaaSl' h1s1Orit ~

so....., en.....,., maRs _ 1'0< d>e 1\>....

As

~ po......ions:and

"'''r IT","UOO:S '0<'0 wasl>od

br d>e

flood. r..s.-;,; p'C:SCh:ooon hdpod

iCGWke, Gootpa peopIe..-ilh lheir

paII:and pndc ........ ~ AI Ihc hatd ""'ldl of ~ and

rdIu~ IqIn, propIo disw tI new pouibiIi_ 1'0< d>tir old tJu;Id..

ongsanddown..,."....:pouibiliOts Iikc

benage lIJUi'>Jm, down_ <tYila!-

lUlICWl. Gll etliu for rth;lbihQUon.

:od'p!Jve <nil':. one! community I-

"""...ons ofloo;3l hcn';lp',

-G.N.MlifIl.y. Radlam Sprl"g. ",....."""Ian Groap
p"aTd.florr ~ U~"''''__'.'I'f.'. "'~ "Y""'"
_.a-it..

AFTER THE FLOOD
"The [Flood Recovery) Program has been instrumental and has provided considerable support to them in keeping their community alive, because it could have very easily died after the flood. "
--DavidRichardson, AlA ProjectArchitect
"Historic preservation and tourism is going to save us, in the long run. It's going to create a showplace and people are going to come down to see it. "
--TommyMcKenzie, Montezuma business owner

Success of the Program
Some ofthe measures ofsuccess for the Historic Preservation Division's Flood Recovery Program include the quickness and efficiency with which funds were made available for projects so that work could begin. The grant program was in place and projects were underway within only a few months after the flood waters receded. Paul Forgey of the Southwest Georgia Regional Development Center commented, "the Historic Preservation Division has been one of the best and fastest acting [flood] reliefagencies. It really needs to be seen as a relief agency because... it's funding the basic needs of the people."
Another measure ofsuccess was the difference historic preservation made in the fate and future ofseveral communities. Some of the most hard-hit towns were dismissed by many as too far gone to recover. Through the combined determination oflocal people and the historic preservation programs and funds now in place, these communities have replaced dim prospects for the future with enthusiastic pride in their accomplishments, a healthier economy, and plans for even greater success:
An additional successful outcome of the Flood Recovery Program is the new level of support for historic preservation that has grown from preservation education efforts. Areas where there had been little preservation activity now boast new or revitalized local preservation organizations. The Historic Preservation Division is receiving requests for assistance on all preservation programs, including National Register nominations, Centennial Farm designations and tax credit projects, as a result of the greater awareness ofpreservation in southwest Georgia. This awareness and sensitivity to preservation will provide long-term benefits to the region, as preservation activities and successes continue to build on one another.
A related outcome of the program is the assistance the Historic Preservation Division has been able to give to many other states as they deal with disasters oftheir own. The Division fields requests from colleagues across the nation and now provides information, based on Georgia's experience, via the World Wide Web, conferences, written materials, its video, and telephone consultations. Georgia benefitted tremendously from the ready assistance from Midwestern states that were hit by the flood of1993; that tradition ofhelping others in times ofdisaster continues.
Perhaps the greatest success ofhistoric preservation efforts that came out ofthe 1994 disaster is the clear evidence that historic preservation is a cost-effective investment. Eminent economist John Kenneth Galbraith has said, "the preservation movement has one great curiosity. There is never retrospective controversy or regret. Preservationists are the only people in the world who are invariably confirmed in their wisdom after the fact."
111ere may have been doubts during the flood about the wisdom of reclaiming the Baker County Courthouse, rehabilitating empty stores on the square in Lumpkin, investing in the future of downtown Montezuma, or rehabilitating any number ofother historic buildings tl1roughout the devastated region. Now, however, tl1ere is no more doubt. The fully rented stores in Lumpkin, the growing heritage tourism market in Plains, the increased business at the Radium Springs Casino, the growth in business for tl1e Fielder's Grist Mill, the expanded space for government functions and premier space for community events in Baker County, and the bright future of downtown Montezuma are proof that historic preservation is a wise investment.
Montezuma took advantage ofthe benefits ofpreservation more than any other community after the flood. Its people, therefore, are best qualified to determine ifhistoric preservation made a difference in the economy and the community.
34

Saro o.vdPeulel'.CilJ M~.Mono:

WORl ., desoibt our ,a:o'~IJ:on<! lhe

... of h&slOOC ~oon would be
'n:tI'IVbbItl' Anocher would be ' - r :

'-one ~ .... b<ouglll our

u-o IOf;lchei. It shox:b'd \OS bid< 11\10

realOlJ of lhe pa$t of lhIt - . MOM of \OS "-:l roop.... ",tw 'II't' had,:on<! _

- . . Ww. Now fOlk> ~ 10 ...

~,~rybody lhq'", from Mon..al.....

",

ponnvation ond lhe llolloric

p..,..,.. tion 0;..""", granllUnd~'w

0100 ..,. 1 1.ongtenn gooJ o f _

dcvdopn~nt. Ourpbn io 10 tunuroo.u>d

the economy. Tourism is going 10 l>c 1

big J'~rt of ,hOI, "'ld of course, ~,e

down.OWtl I>u.incu diwict il critic:al.

Wi lhout hUlO<ic l""'efV100n, dlC' COUlty

Down,,,,,,,, would AnT, t...'"e m:adc It." Tommy

"' ' ' tnurrIO McKtn>~

bustncot_

M""re~ lit /997.

."1jI;<eft- MHlIIOric pn::oetv1bon and IOUnom1ftgoing.,...." UI. in lheIon&.....
h'. goina ., Ctt'1J<: ohowpl_ and pcopLt 1ft going 10 CXIoTlI: dQoo,... ., lee

AJd'lougt> htuoric ~_;II(""'J'lixuoon buiIdonsI:ond poper_.i,.

baAcpurpllfll' if., hofp po<JpIe. r _ J;II(bon. rtapomIof. Flood Ilea:ft"et)'

1\0flI"" pu 10 Rhobol,... htr homt, ... <:11<,'-. -n... home .... been

on my f1miIy or1lrnol< IOO~ My rd1bYn soiII CQIU>I1Uol''' I,ft 111 .......00
lhaI lgIRoI hr:mf'..... I low duo """'" "f'P'"'"'.... lhe H.lIDric

PrQtn'1b(lI'I Dirioion <Wming 11 """""'" of p

lt>On. "Th1nb ID yow

O'p.llU_ ~ l""" hrip. I _111ft l k.lOUI'>d. praavut.1NCtUR

I an""""""" 10 m1kt myCUrtml home pus on 10 fuNK~tionII.N

UUO/IS uarntd

One of !he In""" preoc.....uo""u I....rncd t.cn the lIDOd began ...-u how
crit>col it i. to h.,,,. comJll~.e on<! llPm.d lIWcntoty of hillone ",SOUf'CCI

of ,he 1101 "I"'<'io.lly ,n 1 gcogr.phic 0< nuppe<! fotrn1f. l.*Ok of 11,1. Iwit

iIIfornu.ion llowed ,he JlislOric l'.uerv>tion Di,isiot,'. ""J"""" to the eri,i.

and mode i. diffll;Ult 10 kl..,... ,f oJl el,gible pmpctty 0Wtttf1 h>d 1\Ctl1 "",ifocd

"""'.nce. o f .V'l.iI.bIc

AI' lUult of !he 11ood, the Division h.. incrnoed i.ls

.,TOftS lO "'''''1 atnS where <bra is Ixkong ond 10 en .... the do.. inlO

GcognpIuc Inl"ootubon Syornn J h"one rcsou= informa""" will then be

mono tt1day .voiIobl. to 0."""", and lOodtn"agc'IC,...f notu<oJ tLno<cn

.trike: in the lU",..,. l1>c 0;" will """"""" 10 pulSUlO ..-mun (or funding

""'QI.. ."'" \.,taI.....n..

Anocher

Icuon ..... lhe nd roo "''l!P''&~ bnooun

1M HulOnC Pram.<I00n 0......,., and"'C,#,ICJ =ponsc 1OIeI. GEMA

o.v...on .... the H....,..., PtcSftV:LOlIfI

had 1lC\'" "-:l 0CCIiS_ 10 wodt

"'P..... befotc T topoaI SoormAlbeno. l1>c ","",sa ,oats Jnmcd much

ftOoTl t:1dl ochct dutin& thao thou..... one! found ......,y ,.,........ AJ 1

resuI. of .... 19941\ood, the Huronc: ~bDn DMoton II now worI<"'g

....lh GEMA. ~ Georgi. T..... fot H....,..., Platrvmon. Ind ~

de>-dopmm. t:mfCfS to d<-.'dop t:I~ dioas.... p"'p.taInrso pi... that

..al .1CIud<: ttc idcn~fica_ one! ptOUCbon ofhi,1otic p"'p"..... in fu",..,

dis."Cl' re,pono<: ....."'S"".

"Olot """"'10 tltxriIN ow r''''' ..."

p'-,._ ty....- ....tIM rok
- U I N . .

_ofw"'-.l.c,./.."...Y ...,

-

_IJIN

~--

. ~I"',

-DoMtIP_, M<Jo,te:- City lfm:>gD

AFTER mE FLOOD
USSQIlS 1,~d/roM 1M Hood 0/ 1994:
lH..n "nalu'al diSl1SI" 'Irik", iI I. "Wrollo htNt! " romplete ""d up-,o-date imemory a/hi"",ic n.lt>urces/",.Ihe 'fale, especially in " rompule"':'" In/orm,,'ion 'Y"em mopped/om",l.
The... I. a nud/01' ""going
."",",unicol,,;n be"'ee" Ihe !fi'lfN;e P"'Mrvol,an O;m""" "nd
1Ii"""i.",.... .m''S'ney ...sponu agenei... ",ati"" "alu-,,)" a ctJ()pemr"" .jJo". 1".1'100-1
Neeo",,'}' Prog",m "'Ould ,"'1 hm'e
been ",...s.<ful"'irhoullke ejJ"'l.
Md unl'1.' ,;anr"bun"", ,,/aJl 0/
the ",...""",lion pc"n,,,,
"n I/i."",i. ",....",,,'Ion U'O,<
imeg,,,1 ,o"'pcne'" o/Ih, dl'lUter NXI)'e'Y'1!"" in G""IIio Although ;';'I",j, ",..""'oli"" /oc."s"" b.jldings and properlle., ils PU'fX'3" Is 10 help people.

l"i".1Iy, an impo''''''1 1.,on from the nooJ was d.. :inforccmc<lt of whal p=c,,"ationiSl> >Iready knew: historic p....."'.lion i. >Iw:>.y. , coop<r/.,i,,,
.rr"n. So.u:tt.. ful p"""""I",n requires d.. commiUnenl and d'lCnnino,ion of loc.! poople, (he :ady supportof ,"won.! and .Ule agencies and organi,.lions,
""'0 funding from luc::Il, ,,,,d n.cionalwurce>. and the :Wilily of oil invoh'ed to
s<eh for crcoli,.., 0pl'to>chc. '0 age<>ld problems_ Historic p""""'orion
po,n",,,, ,,-o,kcd li:lc.<Iy 'u dev.lop and provide "" effecli'-e f100d Recov",)" Progr.m for historic pl'OJ'<'rtitl in Grorgia. These dfuru ,,'wid nol have been
,ucce..ful, ho'..:.",,,, withoul the coop<r/.tive .rrom of manj' people ""d
organization" particularl)" the local pcople >nd property owne", who dld the hard "-ollr of ...budding.
d',.. lli.,onc p.....<V:l.,;"" h.. been an integral component of the ,er =0"")'
effort in G~", 11Je 11i$I<>ri<; P.....<V:l.lion Oi,';.ion conl;m... to incorpo1:lle tht many 1...00$ I"m! from the G....l Flood of 1994 into its ongoing
progranu and pl>nning erroru,'o (hal h",onc p",.."'.Mn ""Ii"i,"" in e"ery Gcoq;i. commun"y will ...""h tlleir full potenliol in. making Georgi better place tomof'1'O\/>' (han il i. lOO'y, p"",ldingquolily~o<nmunitieS1fl which '0 I"'e, "-ork and pl.)"_

m.l",ic pnse",ation hlU created new partnership' and n,.., pouibilillesjtN (;(}mmunilies In sou,h Geo.-gio.

ApPENDIX A: FINANCIAL SUMMARY OF GEORGIA'S FLOOD
RECOVERY PROGRAM
President's Discretionary Fund, administered by the Historic Preservation Division September 1994 - September 1997

Program Coordination, Administration &Technical Assistance Flood Recovery Program Staff Information and Education Projects and Activities Program Operating Costs
Professional Consultant Services Architectural Services and Project Review Planning Assistance and National Register Evaluations RDC Preservation Planning Assistance
Subgrants for Rehabilitation, Stabilization and Archeology

$253,956 $243,478 $1,977,566

Total Expenditures

$2,475,000

Total Number ofSubgrant Applications: Number of Counties Served: Number ofMunicipalities Served: TotalNumberofApplications Funded: Total Amount Requested: Total Amount Granted Types ofProjects Funded:
Commercial Projects: 'Private Residences: Public Buildings: Non-Profit Facilities: Archeology Projects

Subgrant Projects At AGlance 148 15 18 60
$9,258,531 $1,977,566
19 26
8
5 2

37

ApPENDIX B: SUMMARY OF FLOOD RECOVERY PROGRAM

GRANT PROJECTS

Project and Grant Recipient
Baker County Baker County Courthouse, Newton; Baker Co. Board of Commissioners Miller-Mathis House, Newton; Sam Mathis Alsobrook Residence, Newton; James and Eloise Alsobrook Williams Residence, Newton; Jesse Williams

Grant Amount
$550,000 25,000 7,000 10,000

Bibb County Headquarters Building, Macon; Federated Garden Clubs of Macon Round Building, (Smith Art Hall), Macon; City of Macon Ribeiro Residence, Macon; Norman Ribeiro

$ 34,000 50,000 3,800

Clay County Ivy Manor, Blumon; Daniel and Ann Staib

$ 10,000

Decatur County Battle House, Bainbridge; Jennifer Pittman

$ 4,500

Dougherty County Daisy Brown Hall, Albany; Albany State College Orene Hall, Albany; Albany State College Alford Residence, Albany; Barbara Whitaker Jane Miller Residence, Albany; Jane Miller Radium Springs Casino, Albany; Radium Springs Preservation Group North Washington Street Commercial Buildings, Albany; Libby Pridgeon

$ 7,286 12,714 18,000 25,261 57,000 16,476

Macon County Downtown Commercial Distric~ Facade Gran~ Montezuma; City of Montezuma ($100,000 also provided by the Woodruff Foundation) Downtown Commercial District, Structural Gran~ Montezuma, City of Montezuma Emma Jackson Residence, Montezuma; Emma Jackson Carrie Clayton Residence, Montezuma; Mary Smith Hill's Weekend Store, Montezuma; Nancy Hill Cherry Street Office Buildings, Montezuma; James Brown Marilyn's Salon of Beauty, Montezuma; Marilyn Davis Citizen's National Bank Building, Montezuma; Liggin & Winkler

$502,075
96,360 12,500 10,000 9,000 6,500 4,500 1,000

Marion County Ables Residence, Buena Vista; Beverly Woods

$ 8,000

Randolph County Gunn Hall, Cuthbert; Barbara Finch Hood House, Cuthbert; Tina Recore Muse-Gamble House, Cuthbert; Wilbur T. Gamble III

$ 12,000 5,000 8,183

38

Stewart County Bedingfield Inn, Lumpkin; Stewart County Historical Society Butts Residence, Lumpkin; Randall Butts Slave House, Moye Plantation, Lumpkin; Sue Moye Old Bank Building, Lumpkin; Ed House Old Funeral Home, Lumpkin; Stewart County Investors Old Health Departmen~ Lumpkin; Stewart County Investors Old Town Square Foods, Lumpkin; Stewart County Investors PTs Restauran~ Lumpkin; Sue Harrison Trotman Store, Lumpkin; Stewart County Investors Singer Hardware Building, Lumpkin; Sam Singer, Jr. Roger's Barber Shop Building, Lumpkin; Ann Singer
Sumter County Carranza Morgan Farm, Smithville; Carranza Morgan City Hall, Plains; City of Plains Dale Gay Residence, Plains; Dale Gay Dismuke-Minyard Wilson Store, Americus; Karl Wilson Dodson Residence, Plains; Ann Dodson Downtown Commercial District, Plains; City of Plains Forsyth Bar and Grill, Americus; Charles Sykes Gaston Plantation, Americus vicinity; Jim Gaston Guerry-Mitchell House, Americus; Pamela Stapleton Rylander Theatre, Americus; City of Americus Whatley Residence, Plains; Alberta and James Whatley Wiley Residence, Plains; James Wiley Williams Residence, Plains; G.F. Williams Williams Residence, Americus; Juliane Williams Windsor Hotel, Americus; Windsor Hotel
Talbot County Fielder's Grist Mill and Gin, Junction City; Mike Buckner Straus-Levert Hall, Talbotton; Historic Talbotton Foundation
Taylor County Taylor County Courthouse, Butler; Taylor Co. Board of Commissioners
Terrell County Pickett House (Grey Gables), Dawson; Alonzo Lewis
Toombs County Club House, Lyons; Lyons Women's Club
Webster County Old Webster County Jail, Preston; Webster Co. Board of Commissioners
Regional Archeological Surveys and Studies "A Study of the EfTects of the Alberto Flood of 1994 upon the Archeological Resources of Georgia," Columbus Museum " Managing Archeological Resources in Riverine 'floodplain Corridors: An Historical Assessment for the Flint River Fall-Line Zone, " Fernbank Museum of Natural History
Total
39

$ 16,070 5,000 7,260 3,500 10,000 5,000 5,000 4,500 10,000 2,000 3,000
$ 4,469 5,000 10,810 3,203 9,670 78,725 3,700 4,478 26,000 28,000 3,726 10,000 4,000 25,200 32,000
$ 24,000 7,000
$ 33,500
$ 20,000
$ 9,000
$ 7,500
$ 40,000
10, I 00
$1,977,566

ApPENDIX C: ADDITIONAL FUNDING SOURCES
Woodruff Foundation Montezuma Facade Rehabilitation Project
National Trust for Historic Preservation Planning projects Printing of technical materials
Georgia Department ofIndustry, Trade &Tourism "Wind and Water" Workshop
Georgia Department of Community Affairs "Wind and Water" Workshop

S100,000 79,533 4,000 1,500 1,000

40

ApPENDIX D: PROGRAM HANDOUTS AND INFORMATION
Press Release: Technical Assistance Available Flood Damage Assessment Form for Historic Buildings Initial Contact Questions to Assess Damage to Historic Buildings Information Used for Basis ofRequest for Federal Funding for Historic Preservation Recovery Program Flier Announcing Possible Flood Recovery Funds for Historic Properties Handout on Assistance Available for Damaged Historic Properties Announcement ofFlood Recovery Program Grants Grant Selection Criteria Press Release: Wind and Water Workshop
41

Joe O. Tannet, Convnlltloner

Georgia Department of Natural Resources
Historic Preservation Division
c.c. fl7I~ A. Lyon. 0Ired0r and StIle Historic PrMIMtion
205 Butler Stt-. a.E.. $I" 1482, AISarU. O>lg. 303S4
Telephone (404) 856-2140

FOR MORE INFORMATION CONTAcr:
Carole Moore, 404-656-2840 Historic Preservation Division
WOR IMKBDIATB RILIAB. July 12, 1994
The Historic Preservation Division ot the Georgia Department of Natural Resources is offering technical assistance to property owners of flood-daaaged historic properties in the aiddle and southwestern areas of the state affected by the recent floodinq. The Historic Preservation Division will provide advice on appropriate treataents for building. and sites 50 years old or older that have sustained damage froa the floods, as well as offer incentive proqraas for rehabilitation of these properties. Division staff are currently coapiling inforaation on which comaunities and areas bave suffered daaage to bistoric properties and vi\l be Baking site vi.it. to thes. areas throughout the next tew weeks. More inforaation on the technical assistance and rehabilitation proqraaa offered by the Historic Preservation Division is provided on the attached sheet. ror aore inforaation about bow your co. .uaity caD take a4vantaqe of tbis a.sistance, contact tbe Historic Pr.servation oi.isioD at 404-'5'-2840.

42

rLOOD DaxAca. u 1tIIft wou rca IU'~IC BUILDI
1.lfOaIC . . . . .nlIOli DnI.IOII

8UILDIMG DIm.

CBUITILYD, INCGOUANDTYD,RESSTSA: TE:

_

PARDODPREERSTSY: OWNER:

_

TELEPHONE: CONSTRUCTION DATE: USE OF BUILDING: N.R. LISTED:

N.R. ELIGIBLE:

BUILDING DISCRIPTIO. NUMBER OF STORIES: BASEMENT: ROOF:
OTHER:

BUILDING XA~IRIAL8 FOUNDATION: EXTERIOR WALLS:
Roor:
INTERIOR WALLS: FLOORS:
OTHER:
DBSCRIPTIO. or DADG. , RICOMKDlDA'IIOIf.
FOUNDATIONS , BASEMENT:

EXTERIOR WALLS , WINDOWS:

FIRST FLOOR STRUCTURE:

FIRST FLOOR FLOORING:

INTERIOR WALL FINISHES:

ELECTRICAL/MECHANICAL SYSTEMS:

BUILDING SITE:

OVERALL ASSESSMENT:
ESTIMATED COST or REPAIR:

OTHER COMMENTS:

ASSESSMENT TEAM:

DATE:

43

I.ITIAL COIl'1'AC'l' gn8lfI0JI8 lfO U8.88 DAICAG. TO HI8TORIC R.sone. .
1. Were historic buildings flooded? What is the extent of the damage?
2. Is the downtown area flooded? What is the extent of the damage?
3. Are any historic neighborhoods or downtowns affected? What is the extent of the damage?
4. Are any archaeological sites or historic cemeteries affected? What is the extent of the damage?
5. Have any landmark buildings suffered any damaqe? Ask about courthouses, aills, bridges, national register listings. What is the extent of the damage?
.In asking the above questions try to pinpoint if the dUlage is to the first floor, second floor, completely destroyed, off the foundation, or daap?
7. What is the status of the flood? Is it rising, recedinq, stagnant, etc.? If rising, when do you expect it to peak?
8. Who are soae other local contacts or property owners we should contact to get a better idea of the situation?
9. Who should our office contact to let thea know we want to co.e, survey the daaage, and provide advice and technical assistance?
10. When would be the earliest we could co.e to asseS8 the damage?
11. What is the status of communication ability, i.e. telephone., fax machines, .ail, and/or electricity?
12. Would a sumaary of what our office can provide in the way of technical assistance and advice be helpful?
44

Joe O. Tanner. Commissioner

Georgia Department of Natural Resources
Historic Preservation Division
Elizabeth A. Lyon. Director and State Historic Pruervation Office 205 Butler Street. S.E. Suite 1462. Atlanta. Georgia 3033~
Telephone (404) 656284(

PRESERVATION ASSISTANCE NEEDED FOR FLOOD-DAMAGED HISTORIC BUILDINGS IN 'SOUTHWEST GEORGIA NOT COVERED BY DIRECT FEDERAL OR STATE ASSISTANCE OR INSURANCE

Juliette
Moderate water damage to floors, lower Interior and exterior walls, and foundations of
approximately 10 historic wooden downtown buildings In the town made famous by the
movie "Fried Green Tomatoes."
Estimated preservation assistance ne~d: $100,000
Montezuma
Extensive water and mud damage to virtually the entire historic cent,al business district. Approximately three dozen historic buildings, which were being considered for the National Register of Historic Places. suffered severe damage to brick foundations and walls, interior walls, and floors. Water damage Is compounded by septic complications arising from the flooding of the local sewerage system.
Estimated preservation assistance need: .750,000
Albany
The South Albany area Including a historic African-AmerIcM neighborhood wu MY.rely flooded; flood waters In several blocks reached the roofs of historic hou.... More than
100 historic houses may have been extensively damaged. As the water IUbsIdes, sinkholes are appearing, causing further damage to historic houses and yards In the neighborhood. Some of this area" In the 100-YUI floodplain and wII likely not be restored; approximately half the houses may be outside the floodplain and may be
restorable.
Estimated preservation assistance need: .500.000

45

City cemeteries adjacent to the Flint RIve' suffered exteMlve damap to grav.., gravestones, and landscape features including fenc.., trees and shrubbery, and streets. FEMA funds will cover some repair costs; however, extensive restoration work to monuments and landscape features Is also needed but not covered under FEMA.
Estimated preservation assistance need: '100,000
Approximately half a dozen historic commercial buildings including the recently rehabilitated St. Nicholas Hotel (listed In the National Register) in the Sandy Bottom" commercial district between the railroad depot and downtown Albany suffered moderate water damage to foundations and the lower portions of ground floors.
Estimated preservation assistance need: .140,000
A half-dozen historic buildings at Albany State College adjacent to the Flint River suffered extreme water and mud damage. Water damage is compounded by septic compUcations arising from the flooding of the local sewerage system. As the water subsides, there Is increasing concern that sinkholes may appear. Insurance wiH cover most of the estimated
$400,000 restoration costs; FEMA funds will cover some infrastructure repairs and
landscaping. However, there Is a need for specialized historic preservation technical assistance in the restoration of these historic landmark buildings.
Estimated preservation assistance need: '50,000
The Thronateeska Heritage Foundation property, consisting of two historic railroad (jepots, a historic Railway Express Agency building, and several auxiliary structures suffered water in basements and water damage to brick foundations and wooden
platforms. Approximately $'00,000 in estimated damages apparently will be covered by
FEMA.
The Radium Springs property, a historic landscaped resort south of Albany along the Flint
River, suffered approximately $50,000 water damage to the reconstructed casino building
and additional damage to the landscaped grounds around the springs and pools. The property is privately insured.
Newton
A block of historic one-story commercial buildings adjacent to the courthouse square was literally submerged under flood wate,s. Approximately two dozen historic residences in town were flooded to various degrees.
Estimated preservation assistance need: '750,000
46

The Baker County courthouse, listed in the National Register of Historic Places, suffered extensive water damage to the basement and first floor. In addition, some county records located on these two levels of the courthouse apparently have been damaged. Estimated repair costs of approximately $200,000 may be covered by FEMA or the courthouse may be abandoned and the county government relocated to a new FEMAfunded structure.
Upson County
The Auchumpkee Creek Covered Bridge collapsed and fell into the flood waters. Estimated restoration costs of $395,000 apparently will be covered by FEMA.
Technical Assistance to Owners Qf FIQQd-Damaged HistQric PrQDerties
To provide adequate technical assistance tQ owners Qf flQod-damaged histQric properties: two histQric preservation architects, fQr a Qne-year period, tQ be statiQned in the field (possibly in RegiQnal Development Centers); Qne histQric preservatiQn structural engineer (on partial retainer); one grants administratQr fQr a Qne-year period; and the preparatiQn, publication, and distribution of technical assistance information.
Estimated preservation assistance need: $205,000

SUMMARY OF ESTIMATED PRESERVATION ASSISTANCE NEED FOR FLOOD-RELATED DAMAGE TO HISTORIC BUILDINGS IN SOUTHWEST GEORGIA

Juliette MQntezuma Albany Newton Technical Assistance

$100,000 $750,000 $790,000 $750,000 $205,000

TOTAL ESTIMATED PRESERVATION ASSISTANCE NEED $2,595,000

Prepared by:
Richard aoues, Deputy State Historic Preservation Officer July 26, 1994

47

FLOOD RECOVERY FUNDS POSSmLE FOR mSTORIC PROPERTIES

There Is a strong possibUity that federal funds wiD be made available to the Historic Preservation DiflsioD 01 the Georgia Departmeat of Natural
Resources, for repairs to nood-damaged historic properties. To .be eligible, the property must be Usted in the National Register of Historic Places, or be
eligible for listing in the National Register. We wiD not know for a few weeks if the funds will definitely be made available, but urge all Interested owners of historic property in the Georgia counties declared disaster areas to con~ct the Historic Preservation Division If you want to receive a grant application, should the appropriation be made. Funds would be available on or after
October 1, 1994.

To indicate your interest In a Flood Recovery Grant, r1ll out the information

below and return it to:

Flood Recovery Grants

HIstoric Preservation Division

Department of Natunl Resources

205 Butler Street, Suite 1"2

Atlanta, GA 30334



YES, I WANT TO KNOW ABOUf ANY ROOD RECOVERY GRANT FUNDS THAT BECOME AVAILABLE FOR HISTORIC PROPERTIES!

NAME:

ADDRESS:

_

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _PHONE:

_

IDSfORlCPROPERTYNEEDINGASSISTANCE:

_

48

FLOOD ASSISTANCE AVAILABLE
TO OWNERS OF DAMAGED HISTORIC BUILDINGS
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE Type of program: Assistance in the form o( s~ visits, advice, and t~chnica' information for repairio.-'damaged buildings. Eligible properties: Residential, commercial, institutional, and industria buDdings, and arcbaeoJoaical sites; generally, buildinl' should be at least '0 years old; advice based on The SecretaJy of the Interior's Standilrtb for Rehabilitation. For more infonnation: Contact Richard Laub, Michael Miller, Beth Gibson, or Angie Edwards, Historic Preservation Division, Georgia Department of Natural Resources: (404) 656-2840.
STATE TAX INCENTIVES Type of program: Eight year property tax assessment freeze for historic properties that ha~ undergone substantial rehabilitation. Eligible properties: Both residential and commercial, either listed or eligible for
listinl in the Oeoraia Register or the National Register of
Historic Places; buDdinp must be rehabilitated a(COrdinl to
DNR's StIlNl4nb for 1WuIbiJitiltion.
For more information: Contact Joan Cole, Historic PreselVation Division, Georgia Department of Natural Resources: (404) 656-2840.
FEDERAL TAX INCENrIVES
. Type of program: Rehabilitation investment tax credits for substantial rehabilitation of both historic (~ tax credit) and nonhistoric properties buDt before 1936 (1~ tax credit).
Eligible properties: Income-producing; historic buDdings must be listed in the National Register and be rehabilitated according to The Secretai)' of the Interior's StandlJrtb for Relulbilitation; nonhistoric buDdinp cannot be listed in the National Register and must meet a wall retention requirement.
For more information: Contact Joan Cole, Historic Preservation DiYision, Georgia Department of Natural Resources: (404) 656-2840.
49

FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY
Type of pl'Op'llD: Grants, loans, and other types of financial assistance upon completion of request for federal disaster relief.
Eligible properties: Both privately and publicly owned buDdings as well as properties owned by non-profits; disaster recovery projects involving historic properties would be reviewed under Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act by the Historic Preservation Division to determine what effect they would have to these properties.
For more information: Contact Lester Smith (public buDdinplfmancial aid),
FEMA: (404). 763-7785; Melvin Schneider (private
, buildiilgslfmaneial aid), FEMA: (404) 763G-?64S;and Jeff Durbin (Section 1(6), Historic Preservation Division, Georgia Department of Natural Resources: (404) 656-2840.
FOR LONG-RANGE REHABILITATION, state funds are available through the Georgia Historic Preservation Division's -Georgia Heritage 2000 Grants- and the Historic Preservation Fund; contact Cynthia Byrd: (404) 656-2840. Long-range planning funds are available through the Southern Office of the National Trust for Historic Preservation; ask for information on the Preservation Services Fund: 456 King Street, Olarleston, SC 29403; (803) 722-8552.
INFORMATION BOOKLET, Contact the Georgia Trust for Historic Preservation at (404) 8819980 to receive a free copy of"the Information Booklet entitled, --rreatment of FloodDamaged Older and Historic Buildings-; it contains infonnation on foundation problems, masonry deterioration, wood rot, interior finish damage (Dooring, woodwork, wall paper), and exterior paint problems.
or Prepared by: Histodc PruerYadon DIYlslon, CeoIJla Department Natural Resources, 205 Butler SL,
Suite 14'2, Atlanta, GA 30334 Telephone: (404) 'S6-Z840 FAX: (404) 6515811. (Date: ?/111M)
50

September 26, 1994
FLOOD GRANT FUNDS AVAILABLE FOR HISTORIC PROPERTIES
To all GBORGXA PLOOD VXCTXK8:
The Georgia Historic Preservation Division of the Department of Natural Resources has been awarded a federal grant to assist the owners of historic structures with repairs to their flood-damaged properties. To be eligible for assistance, a property must be either listed on the National Register of Historic Places, OR be eligible for listing on the National Register. The funds are available for any historic properties in the 53 Georgia counties declared disaster areas during the July floods. The grant funds will pay for damage that is not covered by private insurance or other government funds. Grant applications will be available on October 3. Funds will be made available as quickly as possible.
If you are interested in receiving a qrant application, please fill out the form below and return it to:
Flood Recovery Grants Historic Preservation Division Department of Natural Resources 205 Butler Street, Suite 1462 Atlanta, Georgia 30334
PLBASB SBIfD lIB A PLOOD RBCOVBR GRA!1T APPLXCATIOB POR IlY BISTOIlXC PROPBRTY:
DXB:
ADDRBSS:
PBon:
BXSTORXC PROPBRTY nBDXNG - ASSXSTANCB - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
If you have previously mailed us a flood flyer, a grant application will automatically be mailed to you.
51

BI8TORIC PRB8ZRVATIOK DIVI8IOK SELECTION CRITERIA FOR GRANTS
BEQUIREMENTS:
* Usted on National Register of Historic Places Q! eligible for listing (either
individually or as a district
* Location within any of the 55 disaster area counties * Activities/costs must be related to the July 1994 floods * Project confonns to S8cretaty of the Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation
OTHER CRITERIA FOR CONSIDERATION:
* EXTENT OF FLOOD DAMAGE (Prioritized below):
Damage requiring emergency stabilization/protection from further deterioration
Critical structural damage Moderate structural damage Damage to historic materials and finishes Damage to mechanical systems Other damage * DEMONSTRATED FINANCIAL NEED FOR THE FUNDING: Do applicants have other funding sources for the work such as FEMA funds or private insurance funds?
* PROJECT ADDRESSES THREAT OF LOSS OR DAMAGE TO THE RESOURCE
Is the Mure of the structure or resource threatened without these funds?
* ABIUTY OF APPUCANT TO COMPLETE PROJECT * CLEAR PROJECT GOAlS AND REAUSTIC BUDGET
* PROJECT THAT CAN BE COMPLETED BY SEPTEMBER 30, 1995 * PROJECT ACHIEVES SIGNIFICANT PRESERVATION OBJECTIVE
52

Lonice C. Berr.tt, Commiaioner

Georgia Department of Natural Reso'urces
Historic Preservation Division
Mark R. Edward., Division DIrector and State Historic PruervatJon O~ 500 The Healey Building, 57 Forsyth Street, N. W., Atlanta, Georgia 30303
Telephone (404) 656-2840 Fax (404) 851-8739

FOR MORE INFORMATION CONTACT: Carole Moore, 404-656-2840 Historic Preaervatioo Diviaioo
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE September 15, 1995
Wind and Water Workshop to Be Held In Decatur
Wind and Water: a workshop focusing on ways to care for flood- and stonn-dama&ed
historic buildings, will be offered in downtown Decatur at the Holiday Inn Conference Center on September 26 from 9 a.m.-4 p.m. 1be workshop, sponsored by the Historic Preservation Division of the Georgia Department of Natural Resources, the National Park Service, the Georgia Department of Community Affairs, and the Georgia Department of Industry, Trade and Tourism, will include a series of preservation e~rts as speakers, a panel discussion, and participant work groups who will share e~riences and e~rtise related to disaster response and protection of
historic buildings. -nus workshop is one of the ways in which HPD is continuing to provide
technical services to the owners of historic properties dama&ed by Tropical Storm Alberto and to
help people prepare for future disasters, says Mark Edwards, State Historic Preservation Officer and
Director of the Historic Preservation Division. Preservation Consultant John Leeke will be the featured speaker at the workshop. Other
speakers will include Daryl Barksdale, HPD flood grant coordinator, David Richardson, AlA, Richardson Ie Associatel; and David Maschke, AlA, David Maschke Ie Associates. Persons working with historic buildings such as architects, preservation specialists, planners, building inspectors, museum house directors, emergency management personnel, leaders in preservation organizations, and historical societies; those involved in the building trades; and owners of historic homes and commercial buildings may be interested in attending the workshop.
For more information on Wind and Water or to register, call Kathryn Coggeshall at HPD at 404/651-8739.

53

ApPENDIX E: ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The Historic Preservation Division would like to thank all who were partners in the Flood Recovery Program effort. We have tried to acknowledge here all the people and organizations who took part in the program and who provided assistance to communities in south Georgia. They are listed according to their position or involvement during the time of the flood and recovery. Any omissions are unintentional.
Historic Preservation Division
Flood Recovery Program Staff: Daryl Barksdale, Kathryn Coggeshall, Madelyn Foard
Disaster Response Teams: Joan Cole, Debbie Curtis, Jeff Durbin, Angie Edwards, Beth Gibson, Richard Laub, Michael Miller, Lisa Raflo, Greg Schneider, Leslie Sharp Appropriations: Richard Cloues, Karen Easter
Architectural Review and Assistance: Mary Ann Eaddy, Beth Gibson, Michael Miller
National Register Review and Assistance: Richard Cloues, Lisa Raflo, Greg Schneider, Leslie Sharp, Ken Thomas
Environmental Review and Liaison with Federal &State Agencies: David Bennett, Richard Cloues, Jeff Durbin, Karen Easter, Richard Laub, Larry Leake, John Morgan, Richard Warner
Survey and GIS Assistance: Kenneth Gibbs, Ronnie Rogers
Public Awareness and Information: Karen Luehrs, Carole Moore
54

Photographic Sel1'ices: Jim Lockhart
Administrative Support: Cynthia Byrd, Sandra Garrett, Tameka Pugh, Vivian Pugh
Flood Recovery Program Development and Management: Richard Cloues, Mary Ann Eaddy, Karen Easter, Mark Edwards, Carole Griffith
Other Division Programs: Cynthia Byrd, Angie Edwards, Marty Goldsmith, Conrad Rosser, Tracey Rutherford
Division Director and State Historic Presel1'ation Officer: Mark Edwards
Consultants
David Maschke, AlA, Albany David Richardson, AIA, Macon John Leeke, Maine Macon Heritage Foundation, Macon
Regional Development Centers
Stella Gray Bryant, Preservation Planner, Middle Flint RDC Paul Forgey, Preservation Planner, Southwest Georgia RDC Chrissy Marlowe and Brandon Brazil, Preservation Planners, Lower Chattahoochee RDC Robin Nail, Preservation Planner, Heart of Georgia Altamaha RDC Adriane Wood, Preservation Planner, Middle Georgia RDC
National Trust for Historic Preservation
Charles John, AIA, Midwest Office Susan Kidd, Executive Director, Southern Office John Hildreth, Associate Director, Southern Office Susan Wall, Flood Coordinator, Southern Office
55

Georgia Trust for Historic Preservation
Greg Paxton, President and CEO Bill Parrish, Vice President and COO Tommy Jones, Restoration Director Greta Terrell, Preservation Associate Michael Wyatt, Main Street Design Specialist
Department of Natural Resources
Jim Couch and Becky Marshall, Film and Video Unit
University of Georgia, School of Environmental Design
Pratt Cassity, Director, Office of Preservation Services Lisa Vogel, Grants Coordinator
56

CREDITS
Map, page4 Ronnie Rogers Photograph, page 15 Mike Buckner

Writing and Editing Karen Easter and Daryl Barksdale
Layout and Design Karen Luehrs
Top Photograph, cover Caren Allgood
Photograph page 24 Jeffrey Durbin
All Other Photographs Jim Lockhart Cover Design Mike Nelson Times 3

57

The preparation and printing of this document were fundcd in part by a grant from the Departmcnt of the Interior, National Park Service, under the provisions of the NATIONAL HiSTORiC Pr<ESERVATION ACT OF 1966, as amended. However, the contents do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of the Interior, nor does the n1ention of trade names, commercial products or consultants constitute an endorsement or recommendation by these agencies.
This program receives fcderal financial assistance for identification and protection of historic properties. Under Title VI of the CIVIL RICHTS ACT OF 1964, the ACE DISCRIMINATION ACT OF '975, and Section 504 of the REHABILITATION ACT OF 197}, the US. Department of the Interior prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, gender or disability in its federally assisted programs.
If you believe you have been discriminated against in any program, act'ivity or facility as described above, or if you desire further infonnation, please write to:
OFFiCE FOR EQUAL OPPORTUNiTY 2840 C STREET, ROOM 1}24 US. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERiOI< W ASlliNCTON, D.C. 20240
As an agency of the Georgia Deparhnent of Natural .Resources, the Historic Preservation Division pledges to foster the letter and spirit of the law for achieving equal opportunity in Georgia. If you need this publication in an alternate format, please contact the Historic Preservation Division

SOO THE HEALEY BUILDING 57 FORSYTH STREET NW ATLANTA GEORGIA 30303 (404) 656.2840
www.dnr.state.ga.us/dn r/ h istp res

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