Ground-water quality in Georgia, January 2003 through January 2004 [2004]

GROUND-WATER QUALITY IN GEORGIA JANUARY 2003 THROUGH JANUARY 2004
John C. Donahue
GEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION DIVISION GEORGIA GEOLOGIC SURVEY
ATLANTA 2004
CIRCULAR 12S


GROUND-WATER QUALITY IN GEORGIA JANUARY 2003 THROUGH JANUARY 2004
John C. Donahue
The preparation of this report was funded in part through a grant from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency under the provisions of Section 106 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, as amended.
GEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES LONICE C. BARRETT, COMMISSIONER
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION DIVISION CAROL A. COUCH, DIRECTOR GEORGIA GEOLOGIC SURVEY
WILLIAM H. McLEMORE, STATE GEOLOGIST
ATLANTA 2004
CIRCULAR 12S

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Purpose and Scope 1.2 Factors Affecting Chemical Ground-Water Quality 1.3 Hydrogeologic Provinces of Georgia
1.3.1 Coastal Plain Province 1.3.2 Piedmont/Blue Ridge Province 1.3.3 Valley and Ridge Province 1.4 Regional Ground-Water Problems

Page 1-1 1-1 1-2 1-2 1-4 1-5 1-5 1-5

CHAPTER 2 GEORGIA GROUND-WATER MONITORING NETWORK 2-1

2.1 Monitoring Stations

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2.2 Uses and Limitations

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2.3 Analyses and Data Retention

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CHAPTER 3 GROUND-WATER QUALITY IN GEORGIA

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3.1 Overview

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3.2 Cretaceous Aquifer System

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3.3 Providence Aquifer System

3-6

3.4 Clayton Aquifer System

3-6

3.5 Claiborne Aquifer System

3-10

3.6 Jacksonian Aquifer System

3-13

3.7 Floridan Aquifer System

3-16

3.8 Miocene Aquifer System

3-19

3.9 Piedmont/Blue Ridge Unconfined Aquifers

3-22

3.10 Valley and Ridge Unconfined Aquifers

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CHAPTER 4 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

4-1

CHAPTER 5 LIST OF REFERENCES

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APPENDIX Laboratory Data

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1-1 The Hydrogeologic Provinces of Georgia

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Figure 3-1 The Seven Major Aquifer Systems of the Coastal Plain

Province

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Figure 3-2 Locations of Stations Monitoring the Cretaceous Aquifer

System

3-3

Figure 3-3 Nitrate/Nitrite Concentrations for Selected Wells in the

Cretaceous Aquifer System

3-5

i

LIST OF FIGURES (Continued) Figure 3-4 Locations of Stations Monitoring the Providence Aquifer
System Figure 3-5 Nitrate/Nitrite Concentrations for Selected Wells in the
Providence Aquifer System Figure 3-6 Locations of Stations Monitoring the Clayton Aquifer
System Figure 3-7 Nitrate/Nitrite Concentrations for Selected Wells in the
Clayton Aquifer System Figure 3-8 Locations of Stations Monitoring the Claiborne Aquifer
System Figure 3-9 Nitrate/Nitrite Concentrations for Selected Wells in the
Claiborne Aquifer System Figure 3-10 Locations of Stations Monitoring the Jacksonian Aquifer
System Figure 3-11 Nitrate/Nitrite Concentrations for Selected Wells in the
Jacksonian Aquifer System Figure 3-12 Locations of Stations Monitoring the Floridan Aquifer
System Figure 3-13 Nitrate/Nitrite Concentrations for Selected Wells in the
Floridan Aquifer System Figure 3-14 Locations of Stations Monitoring the Miocene Aquifer
System Figure 3-15 Nitrate/Nitrite Concentrations for Selected Wells in the
Miocene Aquifer System Figure 3-16 Locations of Stations Monitoring the Piedmont/Blue Ridge
Unconfined Aquifers Figure 3-17 Nitrate/Nitrite Concentrations for Selected Wells in the Piedmont/
Blue Ridge Unconfined Aquifers: Piedmont Sector Figure 3-18 Nitrate/Nitrite Concentrations for Selected Wells in the Piedmont/
Blue Ridge Unconfined Aquifers: Blue Ridge Sector Figure 3-19 Locations of Stations Monitoring the Valley and Ridge
Unconfined Aquifers Figure 3-20 Nitrate/Nitrite Concentrations for Selected Wells and Springs
in the Valley and Ridge Unconfined Aquifers

Page 3-7 3-8 3-9 3-11 3-12 3-14 3-15 3-17 3-18 3-20 3-21 3-23 3-24 3-25 3-26 3-28 3-29

LIST OF TABLES

Table 2-1. Georgia Ground-Water Monitoring Network, January 2003

through January 2004.

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Table 4-1. Pollution and Contamination Incidents, January 2003 through

January 2004.

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Table A-1. Standard Water Quality Analyses: Anions, Volatile Organic

Compounds, and Other Parameters.

A-2

Table A-2. Optional Water Quality Analyses: Metals, Anions, and

Pesticides.

A-6

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LIST OF TABLES (Continued) Table A-3. 2003-2004 Ground-Water Quality Analyses of the Cretaceous
Aquifer System. Table A-4. 2003-2004 Ground-Water Quality Analyses of the Providence
Aquifer System. Table A-5. 2003-2004 Ground-Water Quality Analyses of the Clayton
Aquifer System. Table A-6. 2003-2004 Ground-Water Quality Analyses of the Claiborne
Aquifer System. Table A-7. 2003-2004 Ground-Water Quality Analyses of the Jacksonian
Aquifer System. Table A-8. 2003-2004 Ground-Water Quality Analyses of the Floridan
Aquifer System Table A-9. 2003-2004 Ground-Water Quality Analyses of the Miocene
Aquifer System. Table A-10. 2003-2004 Ground-Water Quality Analyses of the Piedmont/Blue
Ridge Aquifer System. Table A-11. 2003-2004 Ground-Water Quality Analyses of the Valley and
Ridge Aquifer System.

Page A-9 A-12 A-13 A-14 A-15 A-17 A-27 A-28 A-32

iii

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE
This report, covering the calendar year 2003 and January of calendar year 2004, is the nineteenth in a series of summaries discussing the chemical quality of ground water statewide across Georgia. Future summaries will evaluate potential ground-water impairment within specific areas of Georgia or for specific types of wells.
These summaries are among the tools used by the Georgia Environmental Protection Division (EPD) to assess trends in the quality of the State's ground-water resources. EPD is the State organization with regulatory responsibility for maintaining and, where possible, improving ground-water quality and availability. EPD has implemented a comprehensive statewide ground-water management policy of antidegradation (EPD, 1991; 1998). Five components comprise EPD's current ground-water quality assessment program:
1. The Georgia Ground-Water Monitoring Network. The Geologic Survey Branch of EPD maintains this program, which is designed to evaluate the ambient ground-water quality of nine aquifer systems throughout the State of Georgia. The data collected from sampling of the Ground-Water Monitoring Network form the basis for this report.
2. Sampling of public drinking water wells as part of the Safe Drinking Water Program (Water Resources Management Branch). This program provides data on the quality of ground water that the residents of Georgia are using.
3. Special studies addressing specific water quality issues. A survey of nitrite/ nitrate levels in shallow wells located throughout the State of Georgia (Shellenberger, et al., 1996; Stuart, et al., 1995), operation of a Pesticide Monitoring Network conducted jointly by the Geologic Survey Branch and the Georgia Department of Agriculture (GDA) (Tolford, 1999; Glen, 2001), and the Domestic Well Water Testing Project conducted jointly by the Geologic Survey Branch and the GDA (Overacre, 2001; 2002; 2003) are examples of these types of studies.
4. Ground-water sampling at environmental facilities such as municipal solid waste landfills, RCRA facilities, and sludge disposal facilities. The primary agencies responsible for monitoring these facilities are EPD's Land Protection, Water Protection, and Hazardous Waste Management Branches.
5. The wellhead protection program (WHP), which is designed to protect the area surrounding a municipal drinking water well from contaminants. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) approved Georgia's WHP Plan on September 30, 1992. The WHP Plan became a part of the Georgia Safe Drinking WaterRules, effective July 1, 1993. The protection of public water supply wells
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from contaminants is important not only for maintaining ground-water quality, but also for ensuring that public water supplies meet health standards.
Analyses of water samples collected for the Georgia Ground-Water Monitoring Network during the period January 2003 through January 2004 and from previous years form the database for this summary. The Georgia Ground-Water Monitoring Network is comprised of 128 wells and springs. All stations are generally sampled on an annual basis, however, stations showing recent pollution or contamination may be subject to confirmatory sampling on a basis more frequent than annual. Testing for most stations is restricted to volatile organic compounds and nitrate/nitrite.
During the January 2003 through January 2004 period, EPD personnel collected 132 samples from 115 wells and 9 springs. A review of the data from this period and comparison of these data with those for samples collected as early as 1984 indicate that ground-water quality at most of the 128 sampling sites generally has changed little and remains excellent.
1.2 FACTORS AFFECTING CHEMICAL GROUND-WATER QUALITY
The chemical quality of ground water is the result of complex physical, chemical, and biological processes. Among the more significant controls are the chemical quality of the water entering the ground-water flow system, the reactions of infiltrating water with the soils and rocks that are encountered, and the effects of the well-and-pump system.
Most water enters the ground-water system in upland recharge areas. Water seeps through interconnected pores and joints in the soils and rocks until discharged to a surfacewater body (e.g., stream, river, lake, or ocean). The initial water chemistry, the amount of recharge, and the attenuation capacity of soils have a strong influence on the quality of ground water in recharge areas. Chemical interactions between the water and the aquifer host rocks have an increasing significance with longer underground residence times. As a result, ground water from discharge areas tends to be more highly mineralized than ground water in recharge areas.
The well-and-pump system can also have a strong influence on the quality of the well water. Well casings, through compositional breakdown, can contribute metals (e.g., iron from steel casings) and organic compounds (e.g., tetrahydrofuran from PVC pipe cement) to the water. Pumps often aerate the water being discharged. An improperly constructed well can present a conduit that allows local pollutants to enter the groundwater flow system.
1.3 HYDROGEOLOGIC PROVINCES OF GEORGIA
This report defines three hydrogeologic provinces in Georgia by their general geologic and hydrologic characteristics (Figure 1-1). These provinces consist of:
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Figure 1-1 The Hydrogeologic Provinces of Georgia
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1. the Coastal Plain Province of south Georgia;
2. the Piedmont/Blue Ridge Province, which includes all but the northwest corner of north Georgia; and
3. the Valley and Ridge Province of northwest Georgia.
1.3.1 Coastal Plain Province
Georgia's Coastal Plain Province generally comprises a wedge of loosely consolidated sediments that gently dip and thicken to the south and southeast. Ground water in the Coastal Plain Province flows through interconnected pore space between grains in unconsolidated material and through solution-enlarged voids in rock.
The oldest outcropping sedimentary formations (Cretaceous) are exposed along the Fall Line (Figure 1-1), which is the northern limit of the Coastal Plain Province. Successively younger formations occur at the surface to the south and southeast.
The Coastal Plain of Georgia contains seven major confined and unconfined aquifers. Confined aquifers are those in which a layer of impermeable material (i.e., clay or shale) overlies the aquifer and may hold the top of the water column below the level to which it would normally rise (an artesian condition). Water enters the aquifers in their updip outcrop areas, where permeable sediments of the aquifer are often exposed. Many Coastal Plain aquifers are unconfined in their updip outcrop areas, but become confined in downdip areas to the southeast, where they are overlain by successively younger rock formations. Ground-water flow through confined Coastal Plain aquifers is generally to the south and southeast, in the direction of the dip of the rocks.
The sediments forming the seven major aquifers in the Coastal Plain range in age from Cretaceous to Miocene. Horizontal and vertical changes in the permeability of the rock units that form these aquifers determine the thickness and extent of the aquifers. Several aquifers may be present in a single geographic area, forming a vertical "stack".
The Cretaceous and Jacksonian aquifer systems (primarily sands) are a common source of drinking water within a 35-mile wide band that lies adjacent to and south of the Fall Line. Southwestern Georgia relies on four vertically stacked aquifers (sands and carbonates) for drinking-water supplies: the Providence, Clayton, Claiborne and Floridan aquifer systems. The Floridan aquifer system (primarily carbonates) serves most of south-central and southeastern Georgia. The Miocene aquifer system (primarily sands) is the principal "shallow" unconfined aquifer system occupying much of the same broad area underlain by the Floridan aquifer system. It becomes confined in the coastal counties and locally in the Grady, Thomas, Brooks and Lowndes County area of south Georgia.
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1.3.2 Piedmont/Blue Ridge Province
Crystalline rocks of metamorphic and igneous origin (primarily Precambrian and Paleozoic in age) underlie the Piedmont and Blue Ridge Provinces. These two provinces differ geologically, but are discussed together here because they share common hydrologic properties. The principal water-bearing features are fractures, compositional layers, and other geologic discontinuities in the rock, as well as intergranular porosity in the overlying soil and saprolite horizons. Thick soils and saprolites are often important as the "reservoir" that supplies water to the water-bearing fracture and joint systems. Ground water typically flows from local highlands toward discharge areas along streams. However, during prolonged dry periods or in areas of heavy pumpage, surface water may flow from the streams into the ground-water systems.
1.3.3 Valley and Ridge Province
Consolidated Paleozoic sedimentary formations characterize the Valley and Ridge Province. The principal permeable features of the Valley and Ridge Province are fractures and solution voids; intergranular porosity also is important in some places. Locally, ground-water and surface-water systems closely interconnect. Dolostones and limestones of the Knox Group are the principal aquifers where they occur in the axes of broad valleys. The greater hydraulic conductivities of the thick carbonate sections in this Province, in part due to solution-enlarged joints, permit development of higher yielding wells than in the Piedmont/Blue Ridge Province.
1.4 REGIONAL GROUND-WATER PROBLEMS
Data from ground-water investigations in Georgia, including those from the Ground-Water Monitoring Network, indicate that virtually all of Georgia has shallow ground water sufficient for domestic supply. Iron, aluminum, and manganese are the only constituents that occur routinely in concentrations exceeding drinking-water standards. These metals are mainly naturally occurring and do not pose a health risk. Iron and manganese can cause reddish to brownish stains on objects.
Only a few occurrences of polluted or contaminated ground waters are known from North Georgia (see Chapter 4). Aquifers in the outcrop areas of Cretaceous sediments south of the Fall Line typically yield acidic water that may require treatment. The acidity occurs naturally and results both from the inability of the sandy aquifer sediments to neutralize acidic rainwater and from biologically influenced acid-producing reactions between infiltrating water and soils and sediments. Nitrite/nitrate concentrations in shallow ground water from the farm belt of southern Georgia are usually within drinking-water standards, but are somewhat higher than levels found in other areas of the State.
Besides the karst plain area (Dougherty Plain) in southwest Georgia, the Floridan aquifer system contains two other areas of naturally occurring reduced ground-water quality.
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The first is the area of the Gulf Trough, a narrow, linear geological feature extending from southwestern Decatur County through northern Effingham County. Here, ground water is typically high in total dissolved solids and contains elevated levels of barium, sulfate, and radionuclides. The second is the coastal area of Georgia, where influx of water with high dissolved solids content presents problems. In the Brunswick area, ground-water withdrawal from the upper Floridan results in up-coning of water with high dissolved solids content from deeper parts of the aquifer. In the Savannah region, a cone of depression caused by pumping in and around Savannah has apparently induced saline water to enter the Floridan aquifer via breeches in the Miocene confining unit along the bottoms of waterways and sand-filled paleochannels in the Beaufort/Hilton Head area of South Carolina and to flow down-gradient toward Savannah (Foyle et al., 2001; Krause and Clarke, 2001).
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CHAPTER 2 GEORGIA GROUND-WATER MONITORING NETWORK
2.1 MONITORING STATIONS
Stations for the period January 2003 through January 2004 Ground-Water Monitoring Network are situated in the seven major aquifers and aquifer systems of the Coastal Plain Province, and in the unconfined ground-water systems of the Piedmont/Blue Ridge, and the Valley and Ridge Provinces (Table 2-1). Monitoring stations are located in three critical settings:
1. areas of surface recharge; 2. areas of potential pollution related to regional activities (e.g.,
agricultural and industrial areas); and 3. areas of significant ground-water use.
Most of the monitoring stations are municipal, industrial, and domestic wells that have reliable well-construction data. The Monitoring Network also includes monitoring wells in specific areas where the State's aquifers are recognized to be especially susceptible to contamination or pollution (e.g., the Dougherty Plain of southwestern Georgia and the State's coastal area).
2.2 USES AND LIMITATIONS
Regular sampling of wells and springs of the Ground-Water Monitoring Network permits analysis of ground-water quality with respect to location (spatial trends) and time of sample collection (temporal trends). Spatial trends are useful for assessing the effects of the geologic framework of the aquifer and regional land-use activities on ground-water quality. Temporal trends permit an assessment of the effects of rainfall and drought periods on ground-water quantity and quality. Both trends are useful for the detection of non-point source pollution. Non-point source pollution arises from broad-scale phenomena such as acid rain deposition and application of agricultural chemicals on crop lands.
It should be noted that the data of the Ground-Water Monitoring Network represent water quality in only limited areas of Georgia. Monitoring water quality at 128 sites located throughout Georgia provides an indication of ground-water quality at the locality sampled and at the horizon corresponding to the screened interval in the well or to the head of the spring at each station in the Monitoring Network. Caution should be exercised in drawing strict conclusions and applying any results reported in this study to ground waters that are not being monitored.
Stations of the Ground-Water Monitoring Network are intentionally located away from known point sources of pollution. The wells provide baseline data on ambient water




Table 2-1. Georgia Ground-Water Monitoring Network, January 2003 through January 2004.

AQUIFER SYSTEM

NUMBER OF MONITORING STATIONS VISITED & SAMPLES TAKEN, JAN. 2003 THROUGH JAN. 2004

PRIMARY STRATIGRAPHIC EQUIVALENTS

AGE OF AQUIFER FORMATIONS

Cretaceous

17 stations (17 samples)

Ripley Formation, Cusseta Sand, Blufftown Formation, Eutaw Formation, Tuscaloosa Formation, Steel Creek Formation, Gaillard Formation, Pio Nono Formation

Late Cretaceous

Providence

4 stations (4 samples)

Providence Sand

Late Cretaceous

Clayton

5 stations (5 samples)

Clayton Formation

Paleocene

Claiborne

5 stations (5 samples)

Claiborne Group

Middle Eocene

Jacksonian

8 stations (8 samples)

Barnwell Group

Late Eocene

Floridan Miocene

49 stations (56 samples)
6 stations (6 samples)

Predominantly Suwannee Limestone and Ocala Group

Predominantly Middle Eocene to Oligocene

Predominantly Altamaha Formation Miocene-Recent and Hawthorn Group

Piedmont/Blue Ridge

21 stations (22 samples)

Valley and Ridge 9 stations (9 samples)

Various igneous and metamorphic complexes

Predominately Paleozoic and Precambrian

Shady Dolomite, Knox Group, and Conasauauga Group

Paleozoic: Cambrian and Ordovician

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quality in Georgia. EPD requires other forms of ground-water monitoring for activities that may result in point source pollution (e.g., landfills, hazardous waste facilities and land application sites) through its environmental facilities permit programs.
Ground-water quality changes gradually and predictably in the areally extensive aquifers of the Coastal Plain Province. The Monitoring Network allows for some definition of the chemical processes occurring in large confined aquifers. Unconfined aquifers in northern Georgia and the surface recharge areas of southern Georgia are of comparatively small areal extent and more open to interactions with land-use activities. The wide spacing of monitoring stations does not permit equal characterization of water-quality processes in these settings. The quality of water from monitoring wells completed in unconfined aquifers represents only the general nature of ground water in the vicinity of the monitoring wells. Ground water in the recharge areas of the Coastal Plain aquifers is the future drinking-water resource for down-flow areas. Monitoring wells in these recharge areas, in effect, constitute an early warning system for potential future water quality problems in confined portions of the Coastal Plain aquifers.
2.3 ANALYSES AND DATA RETENTION
Analyses are available for 132 water samples collected from 124 stations (115 wells and 9 springs) during the period January 2003 through January 2004. In 1984, the first year of the Ground-Water Monitoring Network, hydrogeologists sampled water from 39 wells in the Piedmont/Blue Ridge and Coastal Plain Provinces. Since 1984, the Ground-Water Monitoring Network has been expanded through addition of further wells and springs to cover all three hydrogeologic provinces, with most of the monitoring performed in the Coastal Plain.
Ground water from all monitoring stations is tested for nitrate/nitrite and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE). Testing for metals and select anions that are subject to Primary Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) continues for stations that have shown past contamination by these substances. A sample from one well (GWN-J7) received testing for organochlorine pesticides at the request of the operator. For stations used as public water supplies and having histories of trihalomethane contamination, EPD personnel also test for free and total chlorine. Before collecting a sample, EPD personnel also observe and record certain field parameters -- pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, and temperature -- using field instruments. This Circular includes the pH, conductivity, and chemical analysis results.
The Drinking Water Program of EPD's Water Resources Management Branch has established MCLs for certain parameters included in analyses performed on GroundWater Monitoring Network samples (EPD, 2002). Primary MCLs pertain to parameters that may have adverse effects on human health when their values are exceeded. Secondary MCLs pertain to parameters that may give drinking water objectionable, though not health-threatening, properties that may cause persons served by public water
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systems to cease its use. Foul odor and unpleasant taste are examples of such properties. MCLs apply only to treated water offered for public consumption; nevertheless, they are useful guidelines for evaluating the quality of untreated (raw) water. Tables A-1 and A-2 in the Appendix list the Primary and Secondary MCLs for Ground Water Monitoring Network parameters.
Most of the wells originally on the Monitoring Network had in-place pumps. Using such pumps to purge the wells and collect samples reduces the potential for crosscontamination of wells. For those wells that lacked in-place pumps, EPD personnel used portable pumps for purging and sampling. All wells, however, that lacked in-place pumps were dropped from the Monitoring Network.
Sampling procedures are adapted from techniques used by USGS and USEPA. Hydrogeologists purge the wells (three to five times the volume of the water column in the well) before collecting a sample to reduce the influence of the well, pump and distribution system on water quality. Municipal, industrial and domestic wells typically require approximately 30 to 45 minutes of purging before sample collection.
Previously during purging, a manifold captured flow at the pump system discharge point before the water was exposed to the atmosphere and conducted it past field instrument probes while EPD personnel observed and recorded field parameters. In October of 2002, a single instrument with a multiple parameter probe replaced the manifold with multiple field instrument probes. With the new system, water enters the bottom of a container, rises past the probe, and discharges out of the top of the container. With increased purging time, typical trends for field parameters include a lowering of pH, dissolved oxygen content, and conductivity, and a transition toward the mean annual air temperature in the shallower wells (in deeper wells, geothermal warming can become pronounced). The hydraulic flow characteristics of unconfined aquifers, depth of withdrawal, and pump effects may alter these trends.
Samples are collected once field parameters stabilize or otherwise indicate that the effects of the well have been minimized. EPD personnel fill the sample bottles and promptly place them on ice to preserve the water quality. For public wells with a history of low-level trihalomethane contamination, field personnel test for free and total chlorine (these species may be present if treated water leaks back into the well). If the tests are positive, a premeasured amount of ascorbic acid is added to the VOC sample water as a preservative. (Ascorbic acid neutralizes chlorine and other reactive halogen species which attack naturally occurring organic matter, forming trihalomethanes. Adding ascorbic acid thus prevents the formation of spuriously high levels of trihalomethanes.) Personnel transport samples to the laboratories for analysis on or before the Friday of the week in which they were collected, well before holding times for the samples lapse. Field parameters (pH and conductivity) and analytical results are provided in the Appendix.
Files at the Geologic Survey Branch contain records of all field parameter measurements and chemical analyses. Owners of wells or springs receive copies of analysis
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sheets and are notified in writing if any MCLs are exceeded. EPD's Drinking Water Program receives notification of Primary MCL exceedences or near-exceedences involving public water supplies. Field parameters and analytical data are forwarded to STORET, a national water quality database maintained by USEPA. Pending an upgrade of STORET, the forwarding of data has been temporarily suspended.
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CHAPTER 3 GROUND-WATER QUALITY IN GEORGIA
3.1 OVERVIEW
Georgia's nine major aquifers and aquifer systems are grouped into three hydrogeologic provinces for the purposes of this report.
The Coastal Plain Province comprises seven major aquifers or aquifer systems that are restricted to specific regions and depths within the province (Figure 3-1). These major aquifer systems commonly incorporate smaller aquifers that are locally confined. Ground-Water Monitoring Network wells in the Coastal Plain aquifers are generally located in three settings:
1. Recharge (or outcrop) areas that are located in regions that are geologically updip and generally to the north of confined portions of these aquifers.
2. Updip, confined areas that are located in regions that are proximal to the recharge areas, yet are confined by overlying geologic formations. These areas are generally south to southeast of the recharge areas.
3. Downdip, confined areas, located to the south and southeast in the deeper, confined portions of the aquifers distal to the recharge areas.
Small-scale, localized ground-water flow patterns characterize the two hydrogeologic provinces of north Georgia, the Piedmont/Blue Ridge Province and the Valley and Ridge Province. Deep regional flow systems are unknown in northern Georgia. Geologic discontinuities (such as fractures) and compositional changes within the aquifer generally control ground-water flow in the Piedmont/Blue Ridge Province. Local topographic features, such as hills and valleys, influence ground-water flow patterns. Many of the factors controlling ground-water flow in the Piedmont/Blue Ridge Province also apply in the Valley and Ridge Province. The Valley and Ridge Province possesses widespread karst features, which significantly enhance porosity and permeability in localized areas and exert a strong influence on local ground-water flow patterns.
3.2 CRETACEOUS AQUIFER SYSTEM
The Cretaceous aquifer system is a complexly interconnected group of aquifer subsystems developed in Late Cretaceous sands of the Coastal Plain Province. These sands crop out in an extensive recharge area immediately south of the Fall Line in west and central Georgia (Figure 3-2). Overlying Tertiary sediments restrict Cretaceous outcrops to valley bottoms in parts of the northeastern Coastal Plain. Five distinct subsystems of the Cretaceous aquifer system, including the Providence aquifer system,
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Figure 3-1 The Seven Major Aquifer Systems of the Coastal Plain Province 3-2

Figure 3-2 Locations of Stations Monitoring the Cretaceous Aquifer System 3-3

are recognized west of the Ocmulgee River (Pollard and Vorhis, 1980). These merge into three subsystems to the east (Clarke, et al., 1985; Huddlestun and Summerour, 1996). Aquifer sands thicken southward from the Fall Line where they pinch out against crystalline Piedmont rocks, to a sequence of sand and clay approximately 2,000 feet thick at the southern limits of the main aquifer-use area (limit of utilization, Figure 3-2). Vertical leakage from overlying members of the aquifer system provides significant recharge in downdip areas.
EPD collected 17 samples from 17 wells to monitor water quality of the Cretaceous aquifer system, exclusive of the Providence aquifer system (Figure 3-2). Table A-3 lists analytical results for samples collected from the Cretaceous aquifer system. Four of the sampled wells, GWN-K8, GWN-K9, GWN-K12, and GWN-K20 are located away from the Cretaceous outcrop and recharge area, while the remainder lie within or near the recharge area. pHs are available for 16 wells and ranged from 3.44 to 9.23, with the majority (13) being acidic. The pHs measured in 2003 for wells GWN-K5, GWN-K9, GWN-K10B, GWN-K11A, and GWN-K16 declined markedly from those obtained during the previous four years (declines of more than 0.8 versus 2002 values). These declines coincide with the end of an extended drought. (The water system operator at Marshallville (GWN-K9) complained of having to use more soda ash in 2003 to adjust the pH during water treatment.) Conductivities are available for all wells and ranged from 10 to 187 microsiemens (uS/cm), with the lowest generally occurring in waters from recharge area wells.
Water samples from all 17 wells were analyzed for nitrite/nitrate and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including MTBE. Ten wells yielded samples with detectable nitrate/ nitrite, with the highest concentration, 1.0 ppm as nitrogen, occurring in a sample from well GWN-K5. Figure 3-3 shows trends in levels of nitrate/nitrite (reported as parts per million [ppm] nitrogen) for three selected wells.
Two wells gave samples containing VOCs. Wells GWN-K1 and GWN-K5 yielded samples containing trichloroethylene (TCE) (1.8 ppb and 2.9 ppb, respectively). Both wells are located in industrial settings, with GWN-K1 being used for industrial process water and GWN-K5 being used as a public supply well.
For well GWN-K1, regular testing for VOCs did not begin until 1999. Before that year, VOC testing had been performed twice, with one occasion finding low-level pollution by TCE and 1,2-dichloroethylene and the other finding no detectable VOCs. Well GWN-K5 has been tested regularly for VOCs since 1993, but has experienced pollution by VOCs only since 1999. Because of the recent contamination history, no follow-up sampling was deemed necessary. The Water Resources Management Branch, however, was notified of the results. A study has commenced in an attempt to locate the source(s) of the TCE pollution in this well.
3-4

NO2 & NO3,mgN/L (MCL=10 mgN/L)

1.6

1.4

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.0 1999

2000
Station ID

2001 K5

2002

K13

K16

2003

Nitrate/nitrite levels below the detection limit are assigned a value of 0.01 ppm.
Figure 3-3 Nitrate/Nitrite Concentrations for Selected Wells in the Cretaceous Aquifer System
3-5

3.3 PROVIDENCE AQUIFER SYSTEM
Sand and coquinoid limestones of the Late Cretaceous Providence Formation comprise the Providence aquifer system of southwestern Georgia. Outcrops of the aquifer system ex-tend from northern Clay and Quitman Counties through eastern Houston County (Figure 3-4).At its updip extent, the aquifer system thickens both to the east and to the west of a broad area adjacent to the Flint River. The aquifer system also generally thickens downdip, with an area where the thickness exceeds 300 feet existing in Pulaski County, and an area of similar thickness indicated in the Baker/Calhoun/Early county region (Clarke, et al., 1983). Figure 3-4 also shows the downdip limit of the area in which the aquifer system is utilized.
The permeable Providence Formation-Clayton Formation interval forms a single aquifer in the updip areas (Long, 1989) and to the east of the Flint River (Clarke, et al., 1983). This same interval is recognized as the Dublin aquifer system to the east of the Ocmulgee River (Clarke, et al., 1985). Outcrop areas and adjacent covered areas to the east of the Flint River, where permeable sand units overlie the aquifer, are surface recharge areas. The Chattahoochee River forms the western discharge boundary for this aquifer system in Georgia.
EPD sampled four wells drawing from the Providence aquifer system during the period January 2003 through January 2004. Two wells, GWN-PD2B and GWN-PD5, are situated in the recharge area, whereas wells GWN-PD3 and GWN-PD6 tap confined portions of the aquifer. Conductivity data are available for all four wells and range from 26 uS/cm to 244 uS/cm. pH data are available from all four wells. Both recharge area wells yielded acidic water, while both down-dip wells produced basic water. Detectable nitrate/nitrite was present only in the recharge area well samples. Figure 3-5 shows trends in levels of nitrate/nitrite (reported as parts per million [ppm] nitrogen) for a recharge area well and a downdip well. Well GWN-PD6, a downdip well, yielded a sample containing dichloromethane and chloroform. Both compounds may arise from the reflux of treated water into the well bore, allowing disinfectants in the treated water to react with organic matter naturally present in the raw water. Analytical results are presented in Table A-4.
3.4 CLAYTON AQUIFER SYSTEM
The Clayton aquifer system of southwestern Georgia is developed mainly in the middle limestone unit of the Paleocene Clayton Formation. Limestones and calcareous sands of the Clayton aquifer system crop out in a narrow belt extending from northeastern Clay County to southwestern Schley County (Figure 3-6). Aquifer thickness varies, ranging from 50 feet near outcrop areas to 265 feet in southeastern Mitchell County (Clarke, et al., 1984). Both the Flint River, to the east, and the Chattahoochee River, to the west, are areas of discharge for the aquifer system in its updip extent. Leakage from the underlying Providence aquifer system and from permeable units in the overlying Wilcox confining zone provides significant recharge in downdip areas (Clarke, et al., 1984). The
3-6

Figure 3-4 Locations of Stations Monitoring the Providence Aquifer System 3-7

2.0

1.8

1.6

1.4

NO2 & NO3,mgN/L (MCL=10 mgN/L)

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.0 1999

2000
Station ID

2001 PD2B


2002 PD3

2003

Nitrate/nitrite levels below the detection limit are assigned a value of 0.01 ppm. A missing bar indicates that samples were not collected for that year.
Figure 3-5 Nitrate/Nitrite Concentrations for Selected Wells in the Providence Aquifer System
3-8


Figure 3-6 Locations of Stations Monitoring the Clayton Aquifer System 3-9

Clayton and Providence Formations merge to form a single aquifer unit in updip areas (Long, 1989) as well as east of the Flint River (Clarke, et al., 1983). West of the Flint River and downdip, the Clayton/Providence confining zone, a silt and clay-bearing interval, confines the aquifer below (McFadden and Perriello, 1983). In the area east of the Ocmulgee River, the combination of these two aquifers is referred to as the Dublin aquifer system (Clarke, et al., 1985). Figure 3-6 also shows the downdip limit of the area in which the aquifer system is used
EPD collected five water samples from five wells to monitor water quality in the Clayton aquifer system (Figure 3-6). Three wells (GWN-CT5A, GWN-CT7A, GWN-CT8) are located in or near the recharge area, with the latter two wells being less than 100 feet deep. Wells GWN-CT2A and GWN-CT3 were used to sample the downdip portion of the aquifer system.
The pH of waters from the Clayton wells ranged from acidic to slightly basic. The two shallow recharge area wells yielded waters with lower conductivities and acidic pHs. All samples were analyzed for VOCs (including MTBE) and nitrate/nitrite. Nitrate/nitrite levels ranged from undetected to 6.8 ppm as nitrogen. Well GWN-CT7A, a shallow updip well located near a livestock enclosure, produced the sample with the elevated 6.8 ppm nitrate/nitrite level ("elevated" being greater than the 5 ppm "trigger level" for public water supplies but less than the Primary MCL). Figure 3-7 shows trends in nitrate/nitrite concentrations for three selected wells in the Clayton aquifer system. No VOCs were detected in any of the samples. Table A-5 lists analyses for water samples from the Clayton wells.
3.5 CLAIBORNE AQUIFER SYSTEM
The Claiborne aquifer system is developed primarily in the sandy units in the middle and lower portions of the Middle Eocene Claiborne Group of southwestern Georgia. Claiborne Group sands crop out in a belt extending from northern Early County through western Dooly County. Recharge to the aquifer system occurs both as direct infiltration of precipitation in the recharge area and as leakage from the overlying Floridan aquifer system (Hicks, et al., 1981; Gorday, et al., 1997). Discharge boundaries of the aquifer system are the Ocmulgee River to the east and the Chattahoochee River to the west. The aquifer is more than 350 feet thick near its downdip limit of utilization (Figure 3-8) (Tuohy, 1984).
The aquifer generally thickens from the outcrop area toward the southeast. The clay-rich upper portion of the Claiborne Group, the Lisbon Formation, acts as a confining layer and separates the aquifer from the overlying Floridan aquifer (McFadden and Perriello, 1983; Long, 1989; Huddlestun and Summerour, 1996). The lower waterbearing parts of the group had been correlated to the Tallahatta Formation (e.g., McFadden and Perriello, 1983; Long, 1989; Clarke et al., 1996) or, more recently, have been divided into two formations, the upper one termed the Still Branch Sand and the
3-10

8

7

6

NO2 & NO3, mgN/L (MCL=10mgN/L)

5

4

3

2

1

0 1999

2000

Station ID

2001 CT2A

2002 CT7A CT8

2003

Nitrate/nitrite levels below the detection limit are assigned a value of 0.01 ppm.

Figure 3-7 Nitrate/Nitrite Concentrations for Selected Wells in the Clayton Aquifer System
3-11

Figure 3-8 Locations of Stations Monitoring the Claiborne Aquifer System 3-12

lower one correlated to the Congaree Formation (Huddlestun and Summerour, 1996). The permeable lower units are included in the Gordon aquifer system east of the Ocmulgee River (Brooks, et al., 1985).
During the period January 2003 through January 2004, EPD personnel obtained five samples from five wells to monitor the water quality of the Claiborne aquifer system. Wells GWN-CL2, GWN-CL4A, and GWN-CL8 lie within or near the recharge area, and wells GWN-CL6 and GWN-CL9 tap the downdip portion of the aquifer system, near the limit of utilization.
Two of the recharge area wells yielded acidic water, while one recharge area well and the two-downdip wells yielded basic water. The lowest conductivity was measured at an updip well (GWN-CL8), while the highest was measured in a downdip well (GWNCL6). All samples were analyzed for VOCs (including MTBE) and none were detected. All samples were also analyzed for nitrate/nitrite, which was detected in two recharge area samples. The nitrate/nitrite level in one of these samples, from well GWN-CL4A, a public supply well adjoining a row crop field, was elevated (5.2 ppm as nitrogen). Figure 3-9 shows trends in nitrate/nitrite concentrations for three selected wells, and Table A-6 provides analytical results for the Claiborne wells.
3.6 JACKSONIAN AQUIFER SYSTEM
The Jacksonian aquifer system of central and east-central Georgia is predominantly comprised of sands of the Eocene Barnwell Group, though isolated limestone bodies are locally important. Barnwell Group outcrops extend from Macon and Crawford Counties (Hetrick, 1990) eastward to Burke and Richmond Counties (Hetrick, 1992). Figure 3-10 shows the most significant Jacksonian recharge areas. Aquifer sands form a northern clastic facies of the Barnwell Group; the sands grade southward into less permeable silts and clays of a transition facies (Vincent, 1982). The water-bearing sands are relatively thin, ranging from ten to fifty feet in thickness. Limestones equivalent to the Barnwell Group form a southern carbonate facies and are included in the Floridan aquifer system. The Savannah River and Ocmulgee River are eastern and western discharge boundaries respectively for the updip flow system of the Jacksonian aquifer system. The Jacksonian aquifer system is equivalent to the Upper Three Runs aquifer as used in Summerour et al. (1994).

EPD monitored the water quality of the Jacksonian aquifer system in by taking eight samples from eight wells (Figure 3-10). Well GWN-J8, a domestic well left unsampled last year due to a drought-induced low water level, recovered more than enough this year to allow sampling. Six wells are in the clastic facies (one, GWN-J2A, drawing from an isolated limestone body), and two wells (GWN-J3 and GWN-J5) are in the transition facies. The pH of the sampled water ranged from 4.62 to 7.44. Conductivity measurements were lowest for the shallow updip clastic facies well GWNJ7. Table A-7 lists analytical results for all the Jacksonian aquifer wells sampled.
3-13

6

5

4

NO2 & NO3, mgN/L (MCL=10mgN/L)

3

2

1

0 1999

2000 Station ID

2001

2002

CL2 CL4A CL9

2003

Nitrate/nitrite levels below the detection limit are assigned a value of 0.01 ppm. A missing bar indicates that samples were not collected for that year.
Figure 3-9 Nitrate/Nitrite Concentrations for Selected Wells in the Claiborne Aquifer System
3-14

Figure 3-10 Locations of Stations Monitoring the Jacksonian Aquifer System 3-15

All samples were analyzed for nitrate/nitrite and VOCs (including MTBE). No VOCs were detected. Well GWN-J8 has, in the past, given samples with excessive beryllium and received testing for metals. Beryllium was detected but remained below the Primary MCL (4 ppb). Nitrate/ nitrite, as nitrogen, ranged from undetectable to 7.6 ppm and was detectable in samples from six wells. The sample with the elevated 7.6 ppm value came from well GWN-J8. Figure 3-11 depicts trends in nitrite/nitrate concentrations for three selected wells.
3.7 FLORIDAN AQUIFER SYSTEM
The Floridan aquifer system consists predominantly of Eocene and Oligocene limestones and dolostones that underlie most of the Coastal Plain Province. The aquifer is a major source of ground water for much of its outcrop area and throughout its downdip extent to the south and east.
The upper water-bearing units of the Floridan are the Eocene Ocala Group and the Oligocene Suwanee Limestone (Crews and Huddlestun, 1984). These limestones crop out in the Dougherty Plain (a karstic area in southwestern Georgia) and in adjacent areas along a strike to the northeast. In parts of Camden and Wayne counties the Oligocene unit is absent, and the upper part of the Floridan is restricted to units of Eocene age (Clarke, et al., 1990). The lower portion of the Floridan consists mainly of dolomitic limestone of middle and early Eocene age and pelletal, vuggy, dolomitic limestone of Paleocene age, but extends into the late Cretaceous in Glynn County. The lower Floridan is deeply buried and not widely used, except in several municipal and industrial wells in the Savannah area (Clarke, et al., 1990). From its updip limit, defined in the east by clays of the Barnwell Group, the aquifer thickens to well over 700 feet in coastal Georgia. A dense limestone facies along the trend of the Gulf Trough locally limits ground-water quality and availability (Kellam and Gorday, 1990; Applied Coastal Research Laboratory, 2002). The Gulf Trough is a linear depositional feature in the Coastal Plain that extends from southwestern Decatur County through northern Effingham County.
A ground-water divide separates a smaller southwestward flow regime in the Floridan aquifer system in the Dougherty Plain from the larger southeastward flow regime in the remainder of Georgia. Rainfall infiltration in outcrop areas and downward leakage from extensive surficial residuum recharge the Dougherty Plain flow system (Hayes, et al., 1983). The main body of the Floridan aquifer system, to the east, is recharged by leakage from the Jacksonian aquifer system and by rainfall infiltration in outcrop areas and in areas where overlying strata are thin. Significant recharge also occurs in the area of Brooks, Echols and Lowndes counties, where the Withlacoochee River and numerous sinkholes breach upper confining beds (Krause, 1979).
During the period January 2003 through January 2004, EPD collected 56 samples from 49 wells in the Floridan aquifer system (Figure 3-12). All samples underwent testing for nitrate/nitrite and VOCs (including MTBE). Measurements of pH are available
3-16

NO2 & NO3, mgN/L (MCL=10mgN/L)

4.0

3.5

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0 1999

2000

2001

2002

Station ID

J1B

J4

J7

2003

A missing bar indicates that samples were not collected for that year.
Figure 3-11 Nitrate/Nitrite Concentrations for Selected Wells in the Jacksonian Aquifer System
3-17

Figure 3-12 Locations of Stations Monitoring the Floridan Aquifer System 3-18

for 49 stations and all were basic. Conductivities ranged from 130 uS/cm to 1160 uS/cm. Most of the wells yielding water with higher conductivity are deeper ones located along the coast. Table A-8 lists analytical results for the Floridan wells.
Five wells -- GWN-PA1, GWN-PA14, GWN-PA17, GWN-PA25, and GWNPA33A -- yielded samples indicating pollution by trihalomethane compounds. The levels of these compounds did not exceed the Primary MCL for total trihalomethanes (100 ppb) for any of the wells. Chloroform and other trihalomethanes may arise from the reflux of treated water into the well bore, allowing disinfectants in the treated water to react with organic matter naturally present in the raw water. No other VOCs were detected.
Detectable nitrate/nitrite concentrations occurred in samples from 22 stations, with the high concentration being 4.4 ppm as nitrogen. Most of the wells yielding water with the highest nitrate/nitrite contents are located in the Dougherty Plain. Figure 3-13 shows trends in nitrate/nitrite levels for four selected Floridan wells.
3.8 MIOCENE AQUIFER SYSTEM
Much of south-central and southeastern Georgia lies within outcrop areas of the Miocene Altamaha Formation and Hawthorn Group (according to Weems and Edwards (2001), the term "Hawthorn" has precedence over "Hawthorne"). Discontinuous lensshaped bodies of sand, 50 to 80 feet thick, are the main permeable units. Miocene clays and sandy clays are thickest, more than 500 feet, in Wayne County (Watson, 1982).
Areas of confinement exist in the coastal counties. Leakage from overlying surface aquifers into the Miocene aquifer system and, in some areas, from the underlying Floridan aquifer system is significant in the coastal counties (Watson, 1982). Here, two principal aquifer units are present (Joiner, et al., 1988). Clarke et al. (1990) use the names upper and lower Brunswick aquifers to refer to these two sandy aquifer units. Weems and Edwards (2001) refer the Marks Head Formation and the Tybee Phosphorite Member of the Coosawhatchie Formation to the upper Brunswick and the Tiger Leap Formation to the lower Brunswick. These workers include aquifers in the uppermost Miocene Ebenezer Formation among the surface aquifers.
EPD collected six water samples from six wells to monitor water quality in the Miocene aquifer system (Figure 3-14). The pH of the samples ranged from 3.69 to 7.63, with five stations producing acidic water. Conductivities ranged from 58 uS/cm to 160 uS/cm. Table A-9 lists analytical results for Miocene samples.
Nitrate/nitrite data are available for all six stations. Concentrations ranged from undetected to 14 ppm as nitrogen. Two wells, GWN-MI9A and GWN-MI15 produced samples with concentrations in excess of the Primary MCL of 10 ppm as nitrogen. The first well is used as a garden well and the second for household water supply. One other well, GWN-MI5, a household water supply well, gave a sample with an elevated nitrate/nitrite concentration. Wells GWN-MI9A and GWN-MI15 lie near row crop fields,
3-19

4.5

4.0

3.5

3.0

NO2 & NO3, mgN/L (MCL=10mgN/L)

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0 1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

Station ID

PA17 PA38 PA46B PA51

Nitrate/nitrite levels below the detection limit are assigned a value of 0.01 ppm. A missing bar indicates that samples were not available for that year.
Figure 3-13 Nitrate/Nitrite Concentrations for Selected Wells in the Floridan Aquifer System
3-20

Figure 3-14 Locations of Stations Monitoring the Miocene Aquifer System 3-21

while well GWN-MI5 is located near an animal enclosure. Figure 3-15 illustrates trends in nitrate/nitrite concentrations for selected wells drawing from the Miocene aquifer system. VOC tests were performed for all six samples and none contained detectable VOCs (including MTBE).
3.9 PIEDMONT/BLUE RIDGE UNCONFINED AQUIFERS
Georgia's Piedmont and Blue Ridge Physiographic Provinces are developed on metamorphic and igneous rocks that are predominantly Precambrian and Paleozoic in age. Soil and saprolite horizons and fractures, joints, and openings along compositional layer contacts in the rocks are the major water-bearing features. Khallouf and Williams (2003) noted the solution enlargement of compositional layer fractures, which enhances their water-bearing capacity. The density of, size of and interconnection among the various void spaces provide the primary controls on the rate of water flow into wells completed in crystalline rocks. The permeability and thickness of soils and saprolite horizons determine the amount of well yield that can be sustained.
EPD collected 22 samples from seventeen wells and four springs to monitor water quality in the Piedmont/Blue Ridge unconfined aquifers. Figure 3-16 shows the locations of the monitoring stations. The pH of the water samples ranged from 4.40 to 7.87, with the majority of the stations yielding slightly acidic water. Conductivities ranged from 11 uS/cm to 379 uS/cm.
All samples were tested for nitrate/nitrite and for VOCs (including MTBE). Because of a history of high fluoride concentrations at station GWN-P12A, the sample from that station also was analyzed for inorganic anions. Nitrate/nitrite concentrations ranged from undetectable to 1.8 ppm as nitrogen (the Primary MCL is 10 ppm as nitrogen). Figures 3-17 and 3-18 show nitrite/ nitrate concentrations in selected stations from the Piedmont and Blue Ridge sectors, respectively. An analytical summary for the Piedmont/Blue Ridge sampling stations appears in Table A-10.
Samples from two wells and two springs contained VOCs. MTBE occurred in samples from two wells, GWN-P1 and GWN-P15A and one spring, GWN-P18. Chloroform was present in a sample from spring GWN-P13A, at a level considerably below the Primary MCL (100 ppb total trihalomethanes). Trichloroethylene exceeded the Primary MCL of 5 ppb in the sample from well GWN-P1.
Trihalomethanes may originate when treated water leaks back into a well, allowing disinfectants in the treated water to react with organic matter naturally present in raw water. The source of the chloroform in spring GWN-P13A is problematical as no apparent attempt is made to treat the water.
The fluoride content of the sample from spring GWN-P12A exceeded the Primary MCL of 4 ppm. The source of the fluoride in spring GWN-P12A is almost certainly natural.
3-22

30

25

20

NO2 & NO3, mgN/L (MCL=10mgN/L)

15

10

5

0 1999

2000

2001

2002

Station ID

MI5 MI9A MI15

2003

A missing bar indicates that samples were not collected for that year.
Figure 3-15 Nitrate/Nitrite Concentrations for Selected Wells in the Miocene Aquifer System
3-23

Figure 3-16 Locations of Stations Monitoring the Piedmont/Blue Ridge Unconfined Aquifers
3-24

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

NO2 & NO3, mgN/L (MCL=10mgN/L)

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.1

0 1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

Station ID

P5 P11A P14 P15A

Nitrate/nitrite levels below the detection limit are assigned a value of 0.005 ppm. A missing bar indicates that samples were not collected for that year.
Figure 3-17 Nitrate/Nitrite Concentrations for Selected Wells in the Piedmont/Blue Ridge Unconfined Aquifer: Piedmont Sector
3-25

2

1.8

1.6

1.4

NO2 & NO3, mgN/L (MCL=10mgN/L)

1.2

1

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0 1999

2000

Station ID

2001

2002

BR1B BR2A BR4

2003

Nitrate/nitrite levels below the detection limit are assigned a value of 0.005 ppm. A missing bar indicates that samples were not collected for that year.

Figure 3-18 Nitrate/Nitrite Concentrations for Selected Wells in the Piedmont/Blue Ridge Unconfined Aquifers: Blue Ridge Sector
3-26

Well GWN-P17, a public supply well, yielded water that was milky because of fine gas bubbles, a condition that caused complaints from some water system customers. The composition of the gas is unknown.
3.10 VALLEY AND RIDGE UNCONFINED AQUIFERS
Soil and residuum form low-yield unconfined aquifers across most of the Valley and Ridge Province of northwestern Georgia. Valley bottoms underlain by dolostones and limestones of the Cambro-Ordovician Knox Group are the locations of most higheryielding wells and springs that are suitable for municipal supplies.
Four wells and five springs were used to monitor the water quality in the Valley and Ridge unconfined aquifers (Figure 3-19). Three of the wells and four springs produced water from Knox Group carbonates. Spring GWN-VR10 derives water from the Cambrian Conasauga Group, while well GWN-VR6 taps the Cambrian Shady Dolomite.
Sample pHs were mostly basic and ranged from 6.89 to 7.50. Conductivities ranged from 155 uS to 256 uS. All samples were tested for nitrate/nitrite and for VOCs (including MTBE).
Nitrate/nitrite ranged from 0.62 ppm to 3.4 ppm as nitrogen. Figure 3-20 shows nitrite/nitrate levels for three selected sampling stations in the Valley and Ridge aquifers. VOCs were present in samples from two stations. One of these, spring GWN-VR8, located near a commercial area, provided a sample containing low levels of MTBE and benzene. The spring has intermittently experienced contamination from motor fuel components in the past. Another, well GWN-VR6, gave a sample containing 1,1dichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene. The well is located in an industrial area and has, in the past, provided samples contaminated with chlorinated aliphatic compounds. None of the volatile organic compounds exceeded the Primary MCLs. Table A-11 presents the analytical summary for the wells and springs located in the Valley and Ridge unconfined aquifers.
3-27

Figure 3-19 Locations of Stations Monitoring the Valley and Ridge Unconfined Aquifers
3-28

4.0

3.5

3.0

NO2 & NO3, mgN/L (MCL=10mgN/L)

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0 1999

2000

2001

2002

Station ID

VR3 VR5 VR9

2003

A missing bar indicates that samples were not collected for that year.
Figure 3-20 Nitrate/Nitrite Concentrations for Selected Wells and Springs in the Valley and Ridge Unconfined Aquifers
3-29

CHAPTER 4 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
EPD personnel collected 132 water samples from 115 wells and nine springs on the Ground-Water Monitoring Network during the period January 2003 through January 2004 for volatile organic and limited inorganic analysis. These wells and springs monitor the water quality of nine aquifer systems in Georgia:
Cretaceous aquifer system Providence aquifer system Clayton aquifer system Claiborne aquifer system Jacksonian aquifer system Floridan aquifer system Miocene aquifer system Piedmont/Blue Ridge unconfined aquifers Valley and Ridge unconfined aquifers
Comparisons of analyses of water samples collected during the period January 2003 through January 2004 were made with analyses for the Ground-Water Monitoring Network dating back to 1984, permitting the recognition of temporal trends. Table 4-1 lists the contaminants and pollutants detected at stations of the Ground-Water Monitoring Network during 2003-2004. Although isolated water quality problems existed at specific localities, the quality of water from most of the Ground-Water Monitoring Network stations remains excellent.
Nitrates/nitrites are the most common substances present in ground water in Georgia that can have adverse health effects. Two wells (GWN-MI15 and GWN-MI9A), both shallow domestic wells tapping the Miocene aquifer system, yielded water samples with nitrate/nitrite concentrations exceeding the Primary MCL of 10 ppm as nitrogen (Table 4-1). Samples from four other wells (GWN-CL4A, GWN-CT7A, GWN-J8 and GWN-MI5) also had nitrate/nitrite levels that were elevated, though concentrations did not exceed the Primary MCL. Well GWN-CL4A is a public supply well, while the remainder are domestic wells. All are relatively shallow. Wells GWN-MI5 and GWNCT7A are located near animalenclosures. Wells GWN-CL4A, GWN-J8, GWN-MI9A, and GWN-MI15 are located near row crop fields. The nitrate/nitrite level for well GWNCT7A seems to depend on whether or not the nearby animal enclosure is occupied. The level was elevated in 1999, 2001, and 2002 when the enclosure was occupied and was depressed in 2000 when the enclosure was vacant (for 2003, no animals were present during the sampling visit). All well or spring owners receive copies of analytical results.
Spatial and temporal limitations of the Ground-Water Monitoring Network preclude the identification of exact sources of increased levels of nitrogen compounds in some of Georgia's ground water. Nitrate/nitrite originates in ground water from direct sources and through oxidation of other forms of dissolved nitrogen deriving from both natural
4-1

Table 4-1. Pollution and Contamination Incidents, January 2003 through January 2004.

Station
GWN-K1 GWN-K5 GWN-K16 GWN-PD6
GWN-PA1
GWN-PA14
GWN-PA17 GWN-PA25 GWN-PA25 GWN-PA33A GWN-PA33A GWN-MI9A GWN-MI15 GWN-P1 GWN-P12A GWN-P13A GWN-P15A GWN-P18 GWN-VR6
GWN-VR8

Contaminant/Pollutant MCL

TCE=1.8 ppb

TCE=5 ppb (1st MCL)

TCE=2.9 ppb

TCE=5 ppb (1st MCL)

chloroform=1.3 ppb

total trihalomethanes=100 ppb (1st MCL)

chloroform=4.3 ppb dichloromethane=1.4 ppb

total trihalomethanes=100 ppb (1st MCL) dichloromethane=5 ppb (1st MCL)

bromodichloromethane=0.71 ppb chlorodibromomethane=1.1 ppb
chloroform =3.7 ppb bromodichloromethane=1.8 ppb chlorodibromomethane=1.2 ppb
chloroform=0.69 ppb

total trihalomethanes=100 ppb (1st MCL) total trihalomethanes=100 ppb (1st MCL)
total trihalomethanes=100 ppb (1st MCL) total trihalomethanes=100 ppb (1st MCL) total trihalomethanes=100 ppb (1st MCL)
total trihalomethanes=100 ppb (1st MCL)

chloroform =0.50 ppb

total trihalomethanes=100 ppb (1st MCL)

chloroform =0.51 ppb

total trihalomethanes=80 ppb (1st MCL)

chloroform =0.72 ppb

total trihalomethanes=100 ppb (1st MCL)

chloroform =0.57 ppb

total trihalomethanes=80 ppb (1st MCL)

NOx =12 ppm NOx =14 ppm TCE=8.6 ppb MTBE=6.8 ppb

NOx =10 ppm (1st MCL) NOx =10 ppm (1st MCL) TCE=5 ppb (1st MCL) (none)

F*=5.8 ppm

F*=4 ppm (1st MCL)

chloroform =0.61 ppb MTBE=0.87 ppb

total trihalomethanes=100 ppb (1st MCL) (none)

MTBE=0.91 ppb
PCE=3.0 ppb 1,1-dichloroethylene=2.8 ppb
benzene=0.85 ppb MTBE=2.8 ppb

(none)
PCE=5 ppb (1st MCL) 1,1-dichloroethylene=7 ppb (1st MCL)
benzene=5 ppb (1st MCL) (none)

Year Sampled
2003 2003 2003 2003
2003
2003
2003
2003 2004* 2003 2004* 2003 2003
2003
2003 2003 2003 2003
2003
2003

Notes:

F*

= Fluoride

NOx = Nitrate/Nitrite
MTBE = Methyl tert-butyl ether TCE = Trichloroethylene PCE = Tetrachloroethylene 1st MCL= Primary MCL * Primary MCL for total trihalomethanes changed from 100 ppb to 80 ppb on January 1, 2004.

4-2

and manmade sources. The most common sources of manmade dissolved nitrogen in Georgia usually consist of septic systems, agricultural wastes, and storage or application of fertilizers (Robertson, et. al., 1993). Dissolved nitrogen also is present in rainwater and can be derived from terrestrial vegetation and volatilization of fertilizers (Drever, 1988). The conversion of other nitrogen species to nitrate occurs in aerobic environments such as recharge areas. Anaerobic conditions in ground water, which commonly develop along the flow path of ground water, foster the denitrification process. However, the lack of denitrifying bacteria in ground water may inhibit this process (Freeze and Cherry, 1979).
Volatile organic compounds were detected in samples from fifteen stations. MTBE was detected in samples from two wells (GWN-P1 and GWN-P15A) and two springs (GWN-P18 and GWN-VR8). All four of these stations are located in or near built-up areas.
Samples from seven wells and one spring contained low levels of trihalomethanes. For wells GWN-K16, GWN-PD6, GWN-PA1, GWN-PA14, GWNPA17, GWN-PA25 and GWN-PA33A, the trihalomethanes probably originated from the reflux of treated water down the well bores. The halogens from disinfectants in the water then react with naturally occurring dissolved organic matter to form trihalomethanes. The reason for the presence of the trihalomethane, chloroform, in spring GWN-P13A is not clear. Well GWN-PD6 also contained dichloromethane, a possible disinfectant byproduct, though not a trihalomethane.
Samples from four wells were contaminated with chlorinated ethane and ethylene compounds. The level of trichloroethylene for well GWN-P1 exceeded the Primary MCL. Three wells (GWN-K1, GWN-K5, and GWN-VR6) are located in industrial settings. One well (GWN-P1) is located near a built-up area.
Spring GWN-VR8 was the only station to produce a sample contaminated with a BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes, and related compounds) compound, an amount of benzene below the Primary MCL. The spring is a public water source located near a commercial area and has a history of intermittent low-level contamination by motor fuel components.
Fluoride exceeded the Primary MCL (4 ppm) in the sample from spring GWNP12A, which is located in the Piedmont and has previously provided samples containing excessive fluoride. A sign placed near the spring advises against consuming the water. The source of the fluoride is almost certainly natural.
Measurements of pH at some stations within or near Cretaceous recharge areas underwent an apparent decline of 0.8 units or more in 2003 versus 2002. The cause of this is uncertain but may be related to the end of the recent drought.
4-3

CHAPTER 5 LIST OF REFERENCES
American Public Heath Association, American Water Works Association, and Water Environment Federation, 1995, M. Franson, ed., Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 19th Edition.
Applied Coastal Research Laboratory, Georgia Southern University, 2002, Gulf Trough and Satilla Line Data Analysis: Georgia Geologic Survey Project Report 48, 3 p., 10 fig., 1 tbl., 1 pl.
Brooks, R., Clarke, J.S., and Faye, R.E., 1985, Hydrology of the Gordon Aquifer System of East-Central Georgia: Georgia Geologic Survey Information Circular 75, 41 p., 2 pl.
Clarke, J.S., Faye, R.E., and Brooks, R., 1983, Hydrogeology of the Providence Aquifer of Southwest Georgia: Georgia Geologic Survey Hydrologic Atlas 11, 5 pl.
Clarke, J.S., Faye, R.E., and Brooks, R., 1984, Hydrogeology of the Clayton Aquifer of Southwest Georgia: Georgia Geologic Survey Hydrologic Atlas 13, 6 pl.
Clarke, J.S., Brooks, R., and Faye, R.E., 1985, Hydrogeology of the Dublin and Midville Aquifer Systems of East Central Georgia: Georgia Geologic Survey Information Circular 74, 62 p., 2 pl.
Clarke, J.S., Hacke, C.M., and Peck, M.F., 1990, Geology and Ground-Water Resources of the Coastal Area of Georgia: Georgia Geologic Survey Bulletin 113, 116 p., 12 pl.
Clarke, J.S., Falls, W.F., Edwards, L.E., Frederiksen, N.O., Bybell, L.M., Gibson, T.G., Gohn, G.S., and Fleming, F., 1996, Hydrologeologic Data and Aquifer Interconnection in a Multi-Aquifer System in Coastal Plain Sediments Near Millhaven, Screven County, Georgia: Georgia Geologic Survey Information Circular 99, 49p. 1pl.
Crews, P.A., and Huddlestun, P.F., 1984, Geologic Sections of the Principal Artesian Aquifer System, in Hydrogeologic Evaluation for Underground Injection Control in the Coastal Plain of Georgia, R. Arora, ed.: Georgia Geologic Survey Hydrologic Atlas 10, 41pl.
Davis, K.R., Donahue, J.C., Hutcheson, R.H., and Waldrop, D.L., 1988, Most Significant Ground-Water Recharge Areas of Georgia: Georgia Geologic Survey Hydrologic Atlas 18, 1 pl.
Drever, J. I., 1988, The Geochemistry of Natural Waters: Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 437 p.
5-1

EPD, 1991, A Ground-Water Management Plan for Georgia: Georgia Geologic Survey Circular 11 (1991 edition).
EPD, 1998, A Ground-Water Management Plan for Georgia: Georgia Geologic Survey Circular 11 (1998 edition).
EPD, 2002, Rules for Safe Drinking Water, Chapter 391-3-5, Rules of the Georgia Department of Natural Resources Environmental Protection Division.
Federal Register Vol. 56, No. 20, 1991.
Foyle, A.M., Henry, V.J., and Alexander, C.R., 2001, The Miocene Aquitard and the Floridan Aquifer of the Georgia/South Carolina Coast: Geophysical Mapping of Potential Seawater Intrusion Sites: Georgia Geologic Survey Bulletin 132, 61 p., 4 pl.
Freeze, R.A., and Cherry, J.A., 1979, Groundwater: Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 604 p.
Glen, J.C., 2001, Pesticide Monitoring Network 1989-2000: Georgia Geologic Survey Project Report 43, 58 p.
Gorday, L.L., Lineback, J.A., Long, A.F., McLemore, W.H., 1997, A Digital Model Approach to Water-Supply Management of the Claiborne, Clayton, and Providence Aquifers of Southwestern Georgia: Georgia Geologic Survey Bulletin 118, 31 p., Appendix, Supplements I and II.
Hayes, L.R., Maslia, M.L., and Meeks, W.C., 1983, Hydrology and Model Evaluation of the Principal Artesian Aquifer, Dougherty Plain, Southwest Georgia: Georgia Geologic Survey Bulletin 97, 93p.
Hetrick, J.H., 1990, Geologic Atlas of the Fort Valley Area: Georgia Geologic Survey Geologic Atlas 7, 2 pl.
Hetrick, J.H., 1992, A Geologic Atlas of the Wrens-Augusta Area: Georgia Geologic Survey Geologic Atlas 8, 3 pl.
Hicks, D.W., Krause, R.E., and Clarke, J.S., 1981, Geohydrology of the Albany Area, Georgia: Georgia Geologic Survey Information Circular 57, 31 p.
Huddlestun, P.F. and Summerour, J.H., 1996, The Lithostratigraphic Framework of the Uppermost Cretaceous and Lower Tertiary of Eastern Burke County, Georgia: Georgia Geologic Survey Bulletin 127, 94 p., 1 pl.
5-2

Joiner, C.N., Reynolds, M.S., Stayton, W.L., and Boucher, F.G., 1988, Ground-Water Data for Georgia, 1987: United States Geological Survey Open-File Report 88323, 172 p.
Kellam, M.F., and Gorday, L.L., 1990, Hydrogeology of the Gulf Trough-Apalachicola Embayment Area, Georgia: Georgia Geologic Survey Bulletin 94, 74 p., 15 pl.
Khallouf, D.D., and Williams, L.J., 2003, Structural and Lithologic Controls on GroundWater Availability in a Granite and Biotite Gneiss in the Conyers, Georgia Area: Proceedings of the 2003 Georgia Water Resources Conference, April 23-24, 2003, University of Georgia, Athens, Ga.
Krause, R.E., 1979, Geohydrology of Brooks, Lowndes, and Western Echols Counties, Georgia: United States Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations 78117, 48 p., 8 pl.
Krause, R.E., and Clarke, J.S., 2001, Coastal Ground Water at Risk Saltwater Contamination at Brunswick, Georgia and Hilton Head Island, South Carolina: United States Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 01-4107, 1 pl.
Long, A.F., 1989, Hydrogeology of the Clayton and Claiborne Aquifer Systems: Georgia Geologic Survey Hydrologic Atlas 19, 6 pl.
McFadden, S.S., and Perriello, P.D., 1983, Hydrogeology of the Clayton and Claiborne Aquifers in Southwestern Georgia: Georgia Geologic Survey Information Circular 55, 59 p., 2 pl.
Overacre, L., 2001, Domestic Well Water Testing Project 2000: Georgia Geologic Survey Project Report 42, 30 p.
Overacre, L., 2002, Domestic Well Water Testing Project 2001: Georgia Geologic Survey Project Report 47, 53 p.
Overacre, L., 2003, Domestic Well Water Testing Project 2002: Georgia Geologic Survey Project Report 51, 48 p.
Pollard, L.D., and Vorhis, R.C., 1980, The Geohydrology of the Cretaceous Aquifer System in Georgia: Georgia Geologic Survey Hydrologic Atlas 3, 5 pl.
Robertson, S.J., Shellenberger, D.L., York, G.M., Clark, M.G., Eppihimer, R.M., Lineback, J.A., 1993, Sampling for Nitrate Concentrations in North Georgia's Ground Water: Proceedings of the 1993 Georgia Water Resources Conference, April 23-24, 2003, University of Georgia, Athens, Ga.

5-3

Shellenberger, D.L., Barget, R.G., Lineback, J.A., and Shapiro, E.A., 1996, Nitrate in Georgia's Ground Water: Georgia Geologic Survey Project Report 25, 12 p., 1 pl.
Stuart, M.A., Rich, F.J., and Bishop, G.A., 1995, Survey of Nitrate Contamination in Shallow Domestic Drinking Water Wells in the Inner Coastal Plain of Georgia: Ground Water, Vol. 33, No. 2, p. 284-290.
Summerour, J.H., Shapiro, E.A., Lineback, J.A., Huddlestun, P.F., and Hughes, A.C., 1994, An Investigation of Tritium in the Gordon and Other Aquifers in Burke County, Georgia: Georgia Geologic Survey Information Circular 95, 93 p.
Tolford, B., 1999, Pesticide Monitoring Network 1998-1999: Georgia Geologic Survey Project Report 40, 60 p.
Tuohy, M.A., 1984, Isopach Map of the Claiborne Aquifer, in Hydrogeologic Evaluation for Underground Injection Control in the Coastal Plain of Georgia, R. Arora, ed: Georgia Geologic Survey Hydrologic Atlas 10.
Vincent, R.H., 1982, Geohydrology of the Jacksonian Aquifer in Central and East Central
Georgia: Georgia: Geologic Survey Hydrologic Atlas 8, 3 pl. Watson, T., 1982, Aquifer Potential of the Shallow Sediments of the Coastal Area of
Georgia: Proceedings, Second Symposium on the Geology of the Southeastern Coastal Plain, Arden, D.D., Beck, B.F., Morrow, E., eds., Georgia Geologic Survey Information Circular 53, p. 183-194. Weems, R.E., and Edwards, L.H., 2001, Geology of the Oligocene, Miocene, and Younger Deposits in the Coastal Area of Georgia: Georgia Geologic Survey Bulletin 113, 124 p.
5-4

APPENDIX Laboratory Data

LABORATORY DATA

The standard testing regimen for all samples collected for the Ground-Water Monitoring Network consisted of laboratory analyses for volatile organic compounds and nitrate/nitrite and of field measurements of pH and conductivity. Optional tests were carried out at three stations (GWN-J7, GWN-J8, GWN-P12A) for additional substances.

Except for fluoride analysis, USEPA has set forth a series of (serially numbered) analytical methods officially recognized as suitable for environmental purposes. For fluoride analysis, USEPA defers to the method listed in Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater (American Public Health Association et al., 1995). The EPD laboratory cites USEPA method numbers and the Standard Methods... method number along with analysis results, and Tables A-1 and A-2 list the method numbers appropriate to the various analytes.

Tables A-3 through A-11 regularly list results for the following parameters: pH, conductivity, nitrate/nitrite, trihalomethanes, MTBE, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and total xylenes. Other VOCs are listed if detected. Owing to the intermittent detection of beryllium in the past (Primary MCL is 4 ppb), results for station GWN-J8 also list metals. Results for station GWN-P12A, which has a history of excessive fluoride, (Primary MCL is 4 ppm) list substances amenable to EPA method 300.0 and Standard Methods... method 4500-F-E -- fluoride, chloride, and sulfate. Results for station GWN-J7 list organochlorine pesticides, which were analyzed per request of the well operator. The abbreviation "ppm", where used in a nitrate/nitrite entry in these tables, is understood to mean parts per million as nitrogen.

For this appendix, the following abbreviations are used:

su

= standard units

mg/L

= milligrams per liter (parts per million)

ppm

= parts per million

ug/L

= micrograms per liter (parts per billion)

ppb

= parts per billion

uS/cm

= microsiemens/centimeter

nd

= not detected

--

= not analyzed

rl

= reporting limit

Note:

The reporting limit (rl) for the same substance can vary among different laboratories and can vary for a single laboratory if a sample is diluted to lower the concentration of interfering substances, or if the array of standards used to develop the reporting limit is revised.

A-1

Table A-1. Standard Water Quality Analyses: Anions, Volatile Organic Compounds, and Other Parameters.

Parameter
Nitrate/Nitrite (NOx)

ANIONS

Test Method Typical Reporting Primary Maximum

Limit

Contaminant Level

EPA 353.2 0.02 mg/L as N

10 mg/L as N

VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Parameter
Vinyl Chloride
1,1Dichloroethylene Dichloromethane
Trans-1,2Dichloroethylene
Cis-1,2Dichloroethylene
1,1,1Trichloroethane Carbon Tetrachloride
Benzene
1,2-Dichloroethane
Trichloroethylene
1,2-Dichloropropane
Toluene
1,1,2Trichloroethane Tetrachloroethylene
Chlorobenzene
Ethylbenzene
Total Xylenes

Type of Test
EPA 524.2 EPA 524.2
EPA 524.2 EPA 524.2
EPA 524.2
EPA 524.2
EPA 524.2 EPA 524.2 EPA 524.2 EPA 524.2 EPA 524.2 EPA 524.2 EPA 524.2
EPA 524.2 EPA 524.2 EPA 524.2 EPA 524.2

Reporting Limit
0.5 ug/L 0.5 ug/L

Primary Maximum Contaminant Level
2.0 ug/L
7.0 ug/L

0.5 ug/L 0.5 ug/L

5.0 ug/L 100 ug/L

0.5 ug/L

70.0 ug/L

0.5 ug/L

200 ug/L

0.5 ug/L 0.5 ug/L 0.5 ug/L 0.5 ug/L 0.5 ug/L 0.5 ug/L 0.5 ug/L

5.0 ug/L 5.0 ug/L 5.0 ug/L 5.0 ug/L 5.0 ug/L 1000 ug/L 5.0 ug/L

0.5 ug/L 0.5 ug/L 0.5 ug/L 0.5 ug/L

5.0 ug/L 100 ug/L 700 ug/L 10,000 ug/L

A-2
-


Table A-1 (Continued). Standard Water Quality Analyses: Anions, Volatile Organic Compounds, and Other Parameters.

VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Parameter
Styrene
1,4-Dichlorobenzene (P)
1,2-Dichlorobenzene (O) 1,2,4-
Trichlorobenzene Dichlorodifluoro-
methane Chloromethane
Bromomethane
Chloroethane
Trichlorofluoromethane
1,1-Dichloroethane
2,2-Dichloropropane
Bromochloromethane
Chloroform
1,1Dichloropropylene Dibromomethane
Bromodichloromethane Cis-1,3-
Dichloropropylene Trans-1,3-
Dichloropropylene 1,3-Dichloropropane
Dibromochloromethane

Type of Test
EPA 524.2 EPA 524.2
EPA 524.2
EPA 524.2
EPA 524.2
EPA 524.2 EPA 524.2 EPA 524.2 EPA 524.2
EPA 524.2 EPA 524.2 EPA 524.2
EPA 524.2 EPA 524.2
EPA 524.2 EPA 524.2
EPA 524.2
EPA 524.2
EPA 524.2 EPA 524.2

Reporting Limit
0.5 ug/L 0.5 ug/L

Primary Maximum Contaminant Level
100 ug/L
75.0 ug/L

0.5 ug/L

600 ug/L

0.5 ug/L

70.0 ug/L

0.5 ug/L

None

0.5 ug/L 0.5 ug/L 0.5 ug/L 0.5 ug/L

None None None None

0.5 ug/L 0.5 ug/L 0.5 ug/L

None None None

0.5 ug/L 0.5 ug/L

100 ug/L, 80 ug/L * None

0.5 ug/L 0.5 ug/L

None 100 ug/L, 80 ug/L *

0.5 ug/L

None

0.5 ug/L

None

0.5 ug/L 0.5 ug/L

None 100 ug/L, 80 ug/L *

A-3
-


Table A-1 (Continued). Standard Water Quality Analyses: Anions, Volatile Organic Compounds, and Other Parameters.

VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Parameter
1,2-Dibromoethane
1,1,1,2Tetrachloroethane
Bromoform
Isopropylbenzene
1,1,2,2,-Tetrachloroethane Bromobenzene
1,2,3Trichloropropane N-Propylbenzene
2-Chlorotoluene (O)
1,3,5Trimethylbenzene 4-Chlorotoluene (P)
Tert-Butylbenzene
1,2,4Trimethylbenzene Sec-Butylbenzene
P-Isopropyltoluene
1,3-Dichlorobenzene (M)
N-Butylbenzene
1,2-Dibromo-3Chloropropane Hexachlorobutadi-
ene Naphthalene

Type of Test
EPA 524.2 EPA 524.2
EPA 524.2 EPA 524.2 EPA 524.2
EPA 524.2 EPA 524.2
EPA 524.2 EPA 524.2 EPA 524.2
EPA 524.2 EPA 524.2 EPA 524.2
EPA 524.2 EPA 524.2 EPA 524.2
EPA 524.2 EPA 524.2
EPA 524.2
EPA 524.2

Reporting Limit
0.5 ug/L 0.5 ug/L

Primary Maximum Contaminant Level
None
None

0.5 ug/L 0.5 ug/L 0.5 ug/L

100 ug/L, 80 ug/L * None None

0.5 ug/L 0.5 ug/L

None None

0.5 ug/L 0.5 ug/L 0.5 ug/L

None None None

0.5 ug/L 0.5 ug/L 0.5 ug/L

None None None

0.5 ug/L 0.5 ug/L 0.5 ug/L

None None None

0.5 ug/L 0.5 ug/L

None 0.2 ug/L

0.5 ug/L

None

0.5 ug/L

None

A-4
-


Table A-1 (Continued). Standard Water Quality Analyses: Anions, Volatile Organic Compounds, and Other Parameters.

VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Parameter
1,2,3Trichlorobenzene Methyl Tert-butyl
Ether

Type of Test
EPA 524.2
EPA 524.2

Reporting Limit 0.5 ug/L

Primary Maximum Contaminant Level
None

0.5 ug/L

None

Parameter
pH Conductivity

OTHER PARAMETERS**

Units
0.01 su 1.0 uS

Maximum Contaminant Level None
None

Notes:
Primary MCL's from Georgia Rules for Safe Drinking Water, as amended December 10, 2002 (EPD, 2002).
* Indicates a trihalomethane compound. The Primary MCL for total trihalomethanes is 100 ug/L until January 1, 2004, when it decreases to 80 ug/L.
**pH and conductivity are measured in the field (see Chapter 2).

A-5
-


Table A-2. Optional Water Quality Analyses: Metals, Anions, and Pesticides.

METALS

Parameter
Antimony (Sb) Arsenic (As) Barium (Ba) Beryllium (Be) Cadmium (Cd) Chromium (Cr) Cobalt (Co) Copper (Cu)
Lead (Pb) Nickel (Ni) Selenium (Se) Silver (Ag) Thallium (Tl)
Tin (Sn) Vanadium (V)
Zinc (Zn)

Test Method Reporting Limit

EPA 200.8 EPA 200.8 EPA 200.8 EPA 200.8 EPA 200.8 EPA 200.8 EPA 200.7 EPA 200.8 EPA 200.8 EPA 200.8 EPA 200.8 EPA 200.8 EPA 200.8 EPA 200.8 EPA 200.7 EPA 200.8

5 ug/L 5 ug/L 1 ug/L 1 ug/L 1 ug/L 5 ug/L 5 ug/L 5 ug/L 1 ug/L 5 ug/L 5 ug/L 5 ug/L 1 ug/L 10 ug/L 1 ug/L 10 ug/L

Max.Contaminant Level 6 ug/L1
50 ug/ L1** 2000 ug/L1
4 ug/L1 5 ug/L1 100 ug/L1 None
1000 ug/L2 None
100 ug/L1 50 ug/L1 100 ug/L2 2 ug/L1
None
None
5000 ug/L2

Parameter
Chloride (Cl) Sulfate (SO4) Fluoride (F)

ANIONS

Test Method Reporting Limit

EPA 300.0 EPA 300.0 4500-F-E

10 mg/L 10 mg/L 5.0 mg/L

Max.Contaminant Level
250 mg/L2
250 mg/L2
4.0 mg/L1, 2.0 mg/L2

1A-6
-


Table A-2. (Continued). Optional Water Quality Analyses: Metals, Anions, and Pesticides.

PESTICIDES

Parameter

Test Method Reporting Limit

Lindane (g-BHC) a-BHC b-BHC d-BHC
Chlordane 4,4-DDD 4,4-DDE 4,4-DDT Dieldrin Endosulfan I Endosulfan II Endosulfan Sulfate
Endrin Endrin Aldehyde
Heptachlor

EPA 8081A EPA 8081A EPA 8081A EPA 8081A EPA 8081A EPA 8081A EPA 8081A EPA 8081A EPA 8081A EPA 8081A EPA 8081A EPA 8081A EPA 8081A EPA 8081A EPA 8081A

Heptachlor Epoxide
Toxaphene
Chlorpyriphos (Dursban)
Hexachlorobenzene
Methoxychlor
Mirex

EPA 8081A EPA 8081A EPA 8081A
EPA 8081A EPA 8081A EPA 8081A

Aldrin

EPA 8081A

0.05 ug/L 0.05 ug/L 0.06 ug/L 0.15 ug/L 2.0 ug/L 0.10 ug/L 0.05 ug/L 0.06 ug/L 0.05 ug/L 0.10 ug/L 0.10 ug/L 0.10 ug/L 0.10 ug/L 0.10 ug/L 0.05 ug/L 0.05 ug/L 2.0 ug/L 0.10 ug/L
0.05 ug/L 0.20 ug/L 0.30 ug/L 0.05 ug/L

Max.Contaminant Level
0.2 ug/ L1 None None None
2.0 ug/ L1 None None None None None None None
2.0 ug/ L1 None
0.4 ug/ L1 0.2 ug/ L1 3.0 ug/ L1
None
1.0 ug/ L1 40 ug/ L1
None None

A-7
-


Table A-2. (Continued). Optional Water Quality Analyses: Metals, Anions, and Pesticides.

PESTICIDES

Parameter

Test Method Reporting Limit

gamma-Chlordane EPA 8081A alpha-Chlordane EPA 8081A

0.10 ug/L 0.10 ug/L

Max.Contaminant Level
see "Chlordane"
see "Chlordane"

Notes:
MCL's from Georgia Rules for Safe Drinking Water, as amended December 10, 2002 (EPD, 2002):
1=Primary Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL). 2=Secondary MCL.
*=USEPA concluded that the originally suggested Secondary MCL of 50 ppb for aluminum would not be a workable one for many water systems. They therefore adopted a range of 50 ppb 200 ppb and left the establishment of precise limits to the States (see page 3573, Federal Register Vol. 56, No. 20, 1991). Georgia has adopted the range as is.
**=A new Primary MCL of 10 ppb for arsenic was proposed on December 4, 2002, and will become enforceable on January 23, 2006.

A-8
-


Table A-3. 2003-2004 Ground-Water Quality Analyses of the Cretaceous Aquifer System.

GWN-K1

Well Name:

Englehard Kaolin Company #2

County:

Wilkinson

Date Sampled:

04/23/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

0.27

ppm

pH

4.05

su

conductivity

70

uS/cm

Trihalomethanes

nd

ppb

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

ppb

Benzene

nd

ppb

Toluene

nd

ppb

Ethylbenzene

nd

ppb

Total Xylenes

nd

ppb

Other Volatile Organic Compounds:

trichloroethylene

1.8

ppb

Other:

GWN-K3

Well Name:

Sandersville #7B

County:

Washington

Date Sampled:

04/24/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

0.06

pH

5.78

conductivity

68

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

Other:

GWN-K6

Well Name:

Huber #6

County:

Twiggs

Date Sampled:

06/18/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

pH

conductivity

Trihalomethanes

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Total Xylenes

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppm

5.06

su

27

uS/cm

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

Other:

GWN-K2A

Well Name:

Irwinton #303

County:

Wilkinson

Date Sampled:

04/23/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

0.06

pH

5.53

conductivity

63

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-K5

Well Name:

Richmond County #101

County:

Richmond

Date Sampled:

08/27/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

1.0

pH

3.53

conductivity

14

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds:

trichloroethylene

2.9

Other:

GWN-K7

Well Name:

Jones County #4

County:

Jones

Date Sampled:

04/23/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

0.16

pH

4.82

conductivity

16

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

A-9
-


Table A-3 (Continued). 2003-2004 Ground-Water Quality Analyses of the Cretaceous Aquifer System.

GWN-K8

Well Name:

Mohawk Industries #3

County:

Laurens

Date Sampled:

06/19/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

pH

6.62

conductivity

160

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-K10B

Well Name:

Fort Valley #6

County:

Peach

Date Sampled:

05/22/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

0.66

pH

3.84

conductivity

11

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-K12

Well Name:

Perry/Holiday Inn Well

County:

Houston

Date Sampled:

09/11/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

pH

3.81

conductivity

33

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

GWN-K9

Well Name:

Marshallville #1

County:

Macon

Date Sampled:

05/22/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

pH

3.44

conductivity

33

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-K11A

Well Name:

Warner Robins #2

County:

Houston

Date Sampled:

09/11/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

0.89

pH

3.98

conductivity

13

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-K13

Well Name:

Omaha #1

County:

Stewart

Date Sampled:

11/25/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

pH

9.06

conductivity

132

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

A-10
-


Table A-3 (Continued). 2003-2004 Ground-Water Quality Analyses of the Cretaceous Aquifer System.

GWN-K15A

Well Name:

Georgetown #3

County:

Quitman

Date Sampled:

03/26/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

pH

9.23

conductivity

187

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-K18A

Well Name:

Buena Vista #4

County:

Marion

Date Sampled:

03/12/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

0.16

pH

4.89

conductivity

16

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-K20

Well Name:

Plains #7

County:

Sumter

Date Sampled:

03/12/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

pH

8.04

conductivity

78

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

GWN-K16

Well Name:

Pactiv, Inc. North Well

County:

Bibb

Date Sampled:

09/11/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

0.52

pH

4.71

conductivity

18

Trihalomethanes: chloroform

1.3

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-K19

Well Name:

Hephzibah/Murphy St. Well

County:

Richmond

Date Sampled:

08/27/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

0.09

pH

--

conductivity

10

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

A-11
-


Table A-4. 2003-2004 Ground-Water Quality Analyses of the Providence Aquifer

System.



GWN-PD2B

GWN-PD3

Well Name:

Preston #4

County:

Webster

Date Sampled:

03/12/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

pH

conductivity

Trihalomethanes

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Total Xylenes

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

1.2 5.59 27 nd nd nd nd nd nd nd

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

Well Name:

Fort Gaines #2

County:

Clay

Date Sampled:

03/26/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

pH

conductivity

Trihalomethanes

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Total Xylenes

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd 8.25 244 nd nd nd nd nd nd nd

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

Other:



GWN-PD5

Well Name:

Brooklyn #2

County:

Stewart

Date Sampled:

11/25/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

pH

conductivity

Trihalomethanes

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Total Xylenes

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

Other:









































0.64 ppm

5.54 su

26

uS/cm

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb











































Other:



GWN-PD6

Well Name:

Blakely #4

County:

Early

Date Sampled:

03/26/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

pH

conductivity

Trihalomethanes: chloroform

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Total Xylenes

Other Volatile Organic Compounds:

dichloromethane

Other:









































nd

ppm

7.91 su

217

uS/cm

4.3 ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

1.4 ppb
ppb





































































A-12

-


Table A-5. 2003-2004 Ground-Water Quality Analyses of the Clayton Aquifer System.

GWN-CT2A

Well Name:

Mashburn house well

County:

Sumter

Date Sampled:

03/27/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

pH

7.51

conductivity

155

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:



GWN-CT5A

Well Name:

Cuthbert #3

County:

Randolph

Date Sampled:

03/27/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

pH

7.46

conductivity

168

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:



GWN-CT8

Well Name:

Weathersby house well

County:

Schley

Date Sampled:

09/24/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

0.63

pH

4.04

conductivity

14

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:
























ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb


GWN-CT3

Well Name:

Dawson/ Crawford St. Well

County:

Terrell

Date Sampled:

03/27/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

pH

7.53

conductivity

169

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

Other:



GWN-CT7A

Well Name:

St. John farm well

County:

Sumter

Date Sampled:

09/24/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

6.8

pH

4.23

conductivity

76

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd


ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

Other:





















































































A-13

-


Table A-6. 2003-2004 Ground-Water Quality Analyses of the Claiborne Aquifer System.

GWN-CL2

Well Name:

Unadilla #3

County:

Dooly

Date Sampled:

09/11/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

pH

conductivity

Trihalomethanes

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Total Xylenes

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

0.29

ppm

7.61

su

137

uS/cm

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

Other:

GWN-CL6

Well Name:

Maverick Tube Central Supply Well

County:

Early

Date Sampled:

03/26/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

ppm

pH

7.35

su

conductivity

205

uS/cm

Trihalomethanes

nd

ppb

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

ppb

Benzene

nd

ppb

Toluene

nd

ppb

Ethylbenzene

nd

ppb

Total Xylenes

nd

ppb

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppb

Other:

GWN-CL9

Well Name:

Newton #3

County:

Baker

Date Sampled:

03/13/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

pH

conductivity

Trihalomethanes

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Total Xylenes

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppm

8.15

su

175

uS/cm

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

Other:

GWN-CL4A

Well Name:

Plains #5

County:

Sumter

Date Sampled:

03/12/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

pH

conductivity

Trihalomethanes

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Total Xylenes

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

5.2

ppm

4.61 su

58

uS/cm

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

Other:

GWN-CL8

Well Name:

Flint River Nursery Office Well

County:

Dooly

Date Sampled:

05/22/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

pH

5.77

conductivity

53

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

Other:

Ot

A-14
-


Table A-7. 2003-2004 Ground-Water Quality Analyses of the Jacksonian Aquifer System.

GWN-J1B

Well Name:

McNair house well

County:

Burke

Date Sampled:

11/06/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

2.5

pH

7.13

conductivity

185

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-J3

Well Name:

J.W. Black house well

County:

Emanuel

Date Sampled:

08/28/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

0.02

pH

7.44

conductivity

171

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-J5

Well Name:

Cochran #3

County:

Bleckley

Date Sampled:

06/18/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

pH

7.02

conductivity

228

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

GWN-J2A

Well Name:

Oakwood Village Mob. Home Park #2

County:

Burke

Date Sampled:

11/06/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

0.53 ppm

pH

7.23 su

conductivity

154

uS/cm

Trihalomethanes

nd

ppb

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

ppb

Benzene

nd

ppb

Toluene

nd

ppb

Ethylbenzene

nd

ppb

Total Xylenes

nd

ppb

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppb

Other:

GWN-J4

Well Name:

Wrightsville #4

County:

Johnson

Date Sampled:

04/24/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

pH

conductivity

Trihalomethanes

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Total Xylenes

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

0.19 ppm

7.25 su

178

uS/cm

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

Other:

GWN-J6

Well Name:

Wrens #4

County:

Jefferson

Date Sampled:

04/24/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

pH

conductivity

Trihalomethanes

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Total Xylenes

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppm

6.78 su

169

uS/cm

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

Other:

A-15
-


Table A-7 (Continued). 2003-2004 Ground-Water Quality Analyses of the Jacksonian Aquifer System.

GWN-J7

Well Name:

Templeton livestock well

County:

Burke

Date Sampled:

12/11/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

2.7

pH

4.62

conductivity

37

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

Organochlorine pesticides

nd

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppb

GWN-J8

Well Name:

Kahn house well

County:

Jefferson

Date Sampled:

11/18/03

Nitrate/Nitrite

pH

conductivity

Trihalomethanes

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Total Xylenes

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

Other: Beryllium Nickel Copper Zinc Cadmium Barium

7.6

ppm

4.84 su

71

uS/cm

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

3.5

ppb

15

ppb

15

ppb

32

ppb

1.5

ppb

43

ppb

A-16
-


Table A-8. 2003-2004 Ground-Water Quality Analyses of the Floridan Aquifer System.

GWN-PA1

Well Name:

Thunderbolt #1

County:

Chatham

Date Sampled:

11/05/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

pH

7.69

conductivity

171

Trihalomethanes: bromodichloromethane 0.71

chlorodibromomethane 1.1

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

Other:

GWN-PA3

Well Name:

Grist Equipment Co. shop well

County:

Chatham

Date Sampled:

10/22/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

ppm

pH

7.92

su

conductivity

154

uS/cm

Trihalomethanes

nd

ppb

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

ppb

Benzene

nd

ppb

Toluene

nd

ppb

Ethylbenzene

nd

ppb

Total Xylenes

nd

ppb

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppb

Other:

GWN-PA5A

Well Name:

Interstate Paper #1

County:

Liberty

Date Sampled:

05/07/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

pH

7.65

conductivity

210

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

Other:

GWN-PA2 Well Name: County: Date Sampled: Nitrate/Nitrite pH conductivity Trihalomethanes

Savannah #13 Chatham 11/05/2003

Methyl tert-butyl ether Benzene Toluene Ethylbenzene Total Xylenes Other Volatile Organic Compounds

Other:

GWN-PA4

Well Name:

Tybee #1

County:

Chatham

Date Sampled:

11/05/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

pH

conductivity

Trihalomethanes

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Total Xylenes

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

Other:

GWN-PA6

Well Name:

Hinesville #5

County:

Liberty

Date Sampled:

05/07/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

PH

conductivity

Trihalomethanes

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Total Xylenes

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

Other:

nd

ppm

7.96 su

162

uS/cm

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppm

7.87 su

427

uS/cm

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppm

7.87 su

185

uS/cm

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

A-17
-


Table A-8 (Continued). 2003-2004 Ground-Water Quality Analyses of the Floridan Aquifer System.

GWN-PA7

Well Name:

Darien New South Well

County:

McIntosh

Date Sampled:

02/26/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

pH

7.60

conductivity

505

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-PA9C

Well Name:

Miller Ball Park TW 25

County:

Glynn

Date Sampled:

02/26/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

pH

7.81

conductivity

1160

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-PA11

Well Name:

St. Marys #2

County:

Camden

Date Sampled:

02/26/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

pH

7.30

conductivity

658

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

GWN-PA8

Well Name:

ITT Rayonnier #4D

County:

Wayne

Date Sampled:

05/07/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

pH

7.55

conductivity

238

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-PA10B

Well Name:

Durango Georgia #11

County:

Camden

Date Sampled:

05/08/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

pH

7.57

conductivity

648

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-PA12

Well Name:

Folkston #3

County:

Charlton

Date Sampled:

02/26/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

pH

7.32

conductivity

602

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

A-18
-


Table A-8 (Continued). 2003-2004 Ground-Water Quality Analyses of the Floridan Aquifer System.

GWN-PA13

Well Name:

Waycross #3

County:

Ware

Date Sampled:

05/08/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

pH

7.62

conductivity

264

Trihalomethanes

nd

ppm su uS/cm ppb

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

ppb

Benzene

nd

ppb

Toluene

nd

ppb

Ethylbenzene

nd

ppb

Total Xylenes

nd

ppb

Other Volatile Organic Compounds nd

ppb

Other:

GWN-PA15

Well Name:

King America Finishing, Inc. Fire Well

County:

Screven

Date Sampled:

08/28/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

0.02

ppm

pH

7.82

su

conductivity

160

uS/cm

Trihalomethanes

nd

ppb

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

ppb

Benzene

nd

ppb

Toluene

nd

ppb

Ethylbenzene

nd

ppb

Total Xylenes

nd

ppb

Other Volatile Organic Compounds nd

ppb

Other:

GWN-PA17

Well Name:

Swainsboro #7

County:

Emanuel

Date Sampled:

01/29/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

0.04

pH

7.44

conductivity

231

Trihalomethanes: chloroform

0.69

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds nd

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

Other:

GWN-PA14

Well Name:

Statesboro #7

County:

Bulloch

Date Sampled:

01/29/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

pH

7.50

conductivity

219

Trihalomethanes: chloroform

3.7

bromodichloromethane 1.8

chlorodibromomethane 1.2

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-PA16

Well Name:

Millen #1

County:

Jenkins

Date Sampled:

01/29/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

pH

7.44

conductivity

251

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-PA18

Well Name:

Metter #2

County:

Candler

Date Sampled:

01/29/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

pH

7.71

conductivity

197

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

A-19
-


Table A-8 (Continued). 2003-2004 Ground-Water Quality Analyses of the Floridan

Aquifer System.

yyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy

GWN-PA19

Well Name:

Douglas #4

County:

Coffee

Date Sampled:

02/27/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

pH

conductivity

Trihalomethanes

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Total Xylenes

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppm

7.76

su

289

uS/cm

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

GWN-PA20

Well Name:

Lakeland #2

County:

Lanier

Date Sampled:

01/15/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

pH

conductivity

Trihalomethanes

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Total Xylenes

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppm

7.57 su

324

uS/cm

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

Other:

Other:

GWN-PA21A

Well Name:

Valdosta New #4

County:

Lowndes

Date Sampled:

01/15/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

pH

7.76

conductivity

238

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

GWN-PA22

Well Name:

Thomasville #6

County:

Thomas

Date Sampled:

02/13/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

pH

conductivity

Trihalomethanes

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Total Xylenes

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

0.11 ppm

7.59 su

359

uS/cm

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

Other:

Other:

GWN-PA23

Well Name:

Cairo #8

County:

Grady

Date Sampled:

01/14/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

pH

conductivity

Trihalomethanes

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Total Xylenes

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

0.02

ppm

7.68

su

328

uS/cm

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

GWN-PA24

Well Name:

Bainbridge #1

County:

Decatur

Date Sampled:

01/14/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

pH

conductivity

Trihalomethanes

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Total Xylenes

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

2.2

ppm

7.61 su

217

uS/cm

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

Other:

Other:

A-20
-


Table A-8 (Continued). 2003-2004 Ground-Water Quality Analyses of the Floridan Aquifer System.

GWN-PA24

Well Name:

Bainbridge #1

County:

Decatur

Date Sampled:

01/21/2004

Nitrate/Nitrite

2.0

pH

7.81

conductivity

153

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-PA25

Well Name:

Donalsonville /7th St. Well

County:

Seminole

Date Sampled:

01/21/2004

Nitrate/Nitrite

1.5

pH

7.56

conductivity

192

Trihalomethanes: chloroform

0.51

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-PA26

Well Name:

Colquitt #3

County:

Miller

Date Sampled:

01/21/2004

Nitrate/Nitrite

2.0

pH

7.72

conductivity

156

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

GWN-PA25

Well Name:

Donalsonville /7th St. Well

County:

Seminole

Date Sampled:

01/14/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

1.6

pH

--

conductivity

267

Trihalomethanes: chloroform

0.50

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-PA26

Well Name:

Colquitt #3

County:

Miller

Date Sampled:

01/14/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

2.2

pH

7.48

conductivity

220

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-PA27

Well Name:

Camilla/Industrial Park Well

County:

Mitchell

Date Sampled:

02/12/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

0.5

pH

7.33

conductivity

220

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

A-21
-


Table A-8 (Continued). 2003-2004 Ground-Water Quality Analyses of the Floridan Aquifer System.

GWN-PA28

Well Name:

Moultrie #1

County:

Colquitt

Date Sampled:

02/13/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

pH

7.79

conductivity

380

Trihalomethanes: chloroform

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-PA30A

Well Name:

Amoco/Nashville Mills #1

County:

Berrien

Date Sampled:

01/15/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

pH

7.66

conductivity

327

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-PA32

Well Name:

Ocilla #3

County:

Irwin

Date Sampled:

01/30/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

pH

7.59

conductivity

189

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

GWN-PA29

Well Name:

Adel #6

County:

Cook

Date Sampled:

01/15/03

Nitrate/Nitrite

pH

conductivity

Trihalomethanes

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Total Xylenes

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

Other:

GWN-PA31

Well Name:

Tifton #6

County:

Tift

Date Sampled:

09/10/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

pH

conductivity

Trihalomethanes

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Total Xylenes

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

Other:

GWN-PA32

Well Name:

Ocilla #3

County:

Irwin

Date Sampled:

01/22/2004

Nitrate/Nitrite

pH

conductivity

Trihalomethanes

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Total Xylenes

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

Other:

nd

ppm

7.56 su

303

uS/cm

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

0.02 ppm

7.35 su

185

uS/cm

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppm

7.77 su

136

uS/cm

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

A-22
-


Table A-8 (Continued). 2003-2004 Ground-Water Quality Analyses of the Floridan Aquifer System.

GWN-PA33A

Well Name:

Fitzgerald #G

County:

Ben Hill

Date Sampled:

01/30/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

pH

7.62

conductivity

188

Trihalomethanes: chloroform

0.72

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-PA34

Well Name:

McRae #2 (Telfair Ave.)

County:

Telfair

Date Sampled:

06/18/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

pH

7.36

conductivity

216

Trihalomethanes: chloroform

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-PA36

Well Name:

Vidalia #1

County:

Toombs

Date Sampled:

06/19/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

pH

7.96

conductivity

153

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

GWN-PA33A

Well Name:

Fitzgerald #G

County:

Ben Hill

Date Sampled:

01/22/2004

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

pH

7.86

conductivity

135

Trihalomethanes: chloroform

0.57

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-PA35

Well Name:

Mt. Vernon New Well

County:

Montgomery

Date Sampled:

06/19/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

pH

7.81

conductivity

182

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-PA38

Well Name:

Eastman #4

County:

Dodge

Date Sampled:

06/18/2003

Nitritate/Nitrite

0.25

pH

7.35

conductivity

150

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

A-23
-


Table A-8 (Continued). 2003-2004 Ground-Water Quality Analyses of the Floridan Aquifer System.

GWN-PA39

Well Name:

Sylvester #1

County:

Worth

Date Sampled:

02/12/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

pH

conductivity

Trihalomethanes

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Total Xylenes

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

0.04

ppm

7.39

su

268

uS/cm

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

Other:

GWN-PA43A

Well Name:

Owen & Williams Fish Farm office well

County:

Baker

Date Sampled:

09/24/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

3.8

ppm

pH

7.22

su

conductivity

193

uS/cm

Trihalomethanes

nd

ppb

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

ppb

Benzene

nd

ppb

Toluene

nd

ppb

Ethylbenzene

nd

ppb

Total Xylenes

nd

ppb

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppb

Other:

GWN-PA45A

Well Name:

Abbeville #1

County:

Wilcox

Date Sampled:

01/30/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

pH

conductivity

Trihalomethanes

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Total Xylenes

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

0.53

ppm

7.27

su

238

uS/cm

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

Other:

GWN-PA40

Well Name:

Merck #8

County:

Dougherty

Date Sampled:

02/12/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

pH

conductivity

Trihalomethanes:

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Total Xylenes

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

Other:

GWN-PA44

Well Name:

Sycamore #2

County:

Turner

Date Sampled:

02/12/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

pH

conductivity

Trihalomethanes

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Total Xylenes

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

Other:

GWN-PA45A

Well Name:

Abbeville #1

County:

Wilcox

Date Sampled:

01/22/2004

Nitrate/Nitrite

pH

conductivity

Trihalomethanes

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Total Xylenes

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

Other:

1.8

ppm

7.23 su

270

uS/cm

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

0.18 ppm

7.71 su

175

uS/cm

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

0.47 ppm

7.59 su

174

uS/cm

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

A-24
-


Table A-8 (Continued). 2003-2004 Ground-Water Quality Analyses of the Floridan Aquifer System.

GWN-PA46B

Well Name:

Wenona Mobile Home Park Well

County:

Crisp

Date Sampled:

09/25/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

3.2

ppm

pH

7.70

su

conductivity

173

uS/cm

Trihalomethanes

nd

ppb

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

ppb

Benzene

nd

ppb

Toluene

nd

ppb

Ethylbenzene

nd

ppb

Total Xylenes

nd

ppb

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppb

Other:

GWN-PA49

Well Name:

Harmony Church Well

County:

Dooly

Date Sampled:

01/22/2004

Nitrate/Nitrite

1.6

pH

7.85

conductivity

130

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

Other:

GWN-PA51

Well Name:

Adams house well

County:

Mitchell

Date Sampled:

03/13/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

1.8

pH

7.89

conductivity

162

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

Other:

GWN-PA49

Well Name:

Harmony Church Well

County:

Dooly

Date Sampled:

01/30/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

1.6

pH

7.54

conductivity

181

Trihalomethanes:

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-PA50

Well Name:

Reynolds house well

County:

Laurens

Date Sampled:

10/23/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

1.2

pH

7.40

conductivity

199

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-PA52

Well Name:

Simmons house well

County:

Mitchell

Date Sampled:

03/13/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

3.3

pH

7.91

conductivity

151

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

A-25
-


Table A-8 (Continued). 2003 Ground-Water Quality Analyses of the Floridan Aquifer. System.

GWN-PA53A

Well Name:

Cato new house well

County:

Decatur

Date Sampled:

05/21/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

4.4

pH

7.27

conductivity

141

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

GWN-PA55

Well Name:

Parrish/Royal house well

County:

Burke

Date Sampled:

10/23/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

0.05

pH

7.59

conductivity

171

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm

A-26
-


Table A-9. 2003-2004 Ground-Water Quality Analyses of the Miocene Aquifer System.

yyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy

yyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy

GWN-MI1

Well Name:

McMillan house well

County:

Cook

Date Sampled:

09/10/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

pH

7.63

conductivity

160

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

GWN-MI2A

Well Name:

S. Boutwell house well

County:

Lowndes

Date Sampled:

09/10/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

4.5

pH

3.69

conductivity

58

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

Other:

Other:

GWN-MI5

Well Name:

Carter house well

County:

Appling

Date Sampled:

10/22/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

9.8

ppm

pH

4.90

su

conductivity

102

uS

Trihalomethanes

nd

ppb

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

ppb

Benzene

nd

ppb

Toluene

nd

ppb

Ethylbenzene

nd

ppb

Total Xylenes

nd

ppb

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppb

GWN-MI9A

Well Name:

Murphy garden well

County:

Thomas

Date Sampled:

05/21/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

12

ppm

pH

5.66 su

conductivity

112

uS

Trihalomethanes

nd

ppb

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

ppb

Benzene

nd

ppb

Toluene

nd

ppb

Ethylbenzene

nd

ppb

Total Xylenes

nd

ppb

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppb

Other:

Other:

GWN-MI10B

Well Name:

Calhoun house well

County:

Colquitt

Date Sampled:

05/21/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

ppm

pH

6.27

su

conductivity

83

uS

Trihalomethanes

nd

ppb

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

ppb

Benzene

nd

ppb

Toluene

nd

ppb

Ethylbenzene

nd

ppb

Total Xylenes

nd

ppb

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppb

GWN-MI15

Well Name:

Aldrich house well

County:

Bulloch

Date Sampled:

08/28/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

14

ppm

pH

3.88 su

conductivity

110

uS

Trihalomethanes

nd

ppb

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

ppb

Benzene

nd

ppb

Toluene

nd

ppb

Ethylbenzene

nd

ppb

Total Xylenes

nd

ppb

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppb

Other:

Other:

A-27
-


Table A-10. 2003-2004 Ground-Water Quality Analyses of the Piedmont/Blue Ridge Aquifer System.

GWN-BR1B

Well Name:

Young Harris New Well

County:

Towns

Date Sampled:

07/31/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

0.02

pH

6.88

conductivity

95

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-BR4

Well Name:

Morganton Old Well

County:

Fannin

Date Sampled:

07/30/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

1.8

pH

5.54

conductivity

69

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-P1

Well Name:

Luthersville New Well

County:

Meriwether

Date Sampled:

08/14/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

0.02

pH

5.67

conductivity

82

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

6.8

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds:

trichloroethylene

8.6

Other:

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppb

GWN-BR2A

Well Name:

Notla Water Authority #3

County:

Union

Date Sampled:

07/30/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

1.1

pH

5.14

conductivity

40

Trihalomethanes: chloroform

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-BR5

Well Name:

Chatsworth/Nix Spring

County:

Murray

Date Sampled:

07/30/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

0.42

pH

5.90

conductivity

22

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-P5

Well Name:

Flowery Branch #1

County:

Hall

Date Sampled:

10/09/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

0.76

pH

6.78

conductivity

110

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

A-28
-


Table A-10 (Continued). 2003-2004 Ground-Water Quality Analyses of the Piedmont/Blue Ridge Aquifer System.

GWN-P6A

Well Name:

Shiloh #1

County:

Harris

Date Sampled:

07/17/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

0.02

pH

6.88

conductivity

99

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-P8

Well Name:

Wayne Farms #4

County:

Jackson

Date Sampled:

10/08/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

0.62

pH

6.68

conductivity

182

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-P10E

Well Name:

Franklin Springs #14

County:

Franklin

Date Sampled:

10/08/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

0.07

pH

6.90

conductivity

75

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

GWN-P7

Well Name:

Hampton #6

County:

Henry

Date Sampled:

08/12/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

pH

conductivity

Trihalomethanes

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Total Xylenes

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

Other:

GWN-P9B

Well Name:

Gray #10

County:

Jones

Date Sampled:

04/23/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

pH

conductivity

Trihalomethanes

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Total Xylenes

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

Other:

GWN-P11A

Well Name:

Danielsville #2

County:

Madison

Date Sampled:

10/08/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

pH

conductivity

Trihalomethanes

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Total Xylenes

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

Other:

0.29 ppm

5.98 su

90

uS/cm

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

0.02 ppm

6.18 Su

379

uS/cm

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

0.34 ppm

6.35 su

83

uS/cm

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

A-29
-


Table A-10 (Continued). 2003-2004 Ground-Water Quality Analyses of the Piedmont/Blue Ridge Aquifer System.

GWN-P12A

Well Name:

Indian Spring

County:

Butts

Date Sampled:

07/17/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

pH

conductivity

Trihalomethanes

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Total Xylenes

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppm

7.49

su

172

uS/cm

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

Other: Chloride Fluoride Sulfate

12

ppm

--

ppm

30

ppm

GWN-P13A

Well Name:

Covington/Academy Spring

County:

Newton

Date Sampled:

07/17/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

0.56

pH

5.88

conductivity

46

Trihalomethanes: chloroform

0.61

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

Other:

GWN-P15A

Well Name:

Bolton garden well

County:

DeKalb

Date Sampled:

08/14/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

0.05

pH

6.55

conductivity

123

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

0.87

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

Other:

GWN-P12A

Well Name:

Indian Spring

County:

Butts

Date Sampled:

11/18/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

pH

conductivity

Trihalomethanes

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Total Xylenes

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppm

7.35 su

176

uS/cm

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

Other: Chloride Fluoride Sulfate

13

ppm

5.8

ppm

30

ppm

GWN-P14

Well Name:

Upson County/Sunset Village Well

County:

Upson

Date Sampled:

07/17/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

0.35 ppm

pH

4.40 su

conductivity

11

uS/cm

Trihalomethanes

nd

ppb

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

ppb

Benzene

nd

ppb

Toluene

nd

ppb

Ethylbenzene

nd

ppb

Total Xylenes

nd

ppb

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppb

Other:

GWN-P16C

Well Name:

Mt. Airy #4

County:

Habersham

Date Sampled:

07/31/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

pH

conductivity

Trihalomethanes

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Total Xylenes

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

0.23 ppm

4.90 su

15

uS/cm

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

Other:

A-30
-


Table A-10 (Continued). 2003-2004 Ground-Water Quality Analyses of the Piedmont/Blue Ridge Aquifer System.

GWN-P17

Well Name:

Oconee County/Hillcrest Well

County:

Oconee

Date Sampled:

10/07/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

nd

ppm

pH

7.05

su

conductivity

364

uS/cm

Trihalomethanes

nd

ppb

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

ppb

Benzene

nd

ppb

Toluene

nd

ppb

Ethylbenzene

nd

ppb

Total Xylenes

nd

ppb

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppb

Other:

GWN-P18

Well Name:

Dawsonville City Spring

County:

Dawson

Date Sampled:

10/09/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

1.5

pH

5.62

conductivity

32

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

0.91

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

GWN-P19

Well Name:

Fayetteville #1

County:

Fayette

Date Sampled:

08/12/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

0.10

ppm

pH

7.02

su

conductivity

262

uS/cm

Trihalomethanes

nd

ppb

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

ppb

Benzene

nd

ppb

Toluene

nd

ppb

Ethylbenzene

nd

ppb

Total Xylenes

nd

ppb

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppb

Other:

GWN-P20

Well Name:

Suwanee #1

County:

Gwinette

Date Sampled:

11/17/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

pH

conductivity

Trihalomethanes

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Total Xylenes

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

Other:

0.39 ppm

7.87 su

209

uS/cm

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

A-31
-


Table A-11. 2003-2004 Ground-Water Quality Analyses of the Valley and Ridge

Aquifer System.

yyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy

GWN-VR1

Well Name:

Floyd County/Kingston Road Well

County:

Floyd

Date Sampled:

06/04/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

0.68

ppm

pH

7.41

su

conductivity

160

uS/cm

Trihalomethanes:

nd

ppb

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

ppb

Benzene

nd

ppb

Toluene

nd

ppb

Ethylbenzene

nd

ppb

Total Xylenes

nd

ppb

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppb

GWN-VR2A

Well Name:

LaFayette/Lower Big Spring

County:

Walker

Date Sampled:

06/04/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

2.2

pH

7.22

conductivity

176

Trihalomethanes:

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

Other:

Other:

GWN-VR3

Well Name:

Crawfish Spring/Chickamauga

County:

Walker

Date Sampled:

06/04/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

0.80

ppm

pH

6.89

su

conductivity

163

uS/cm

Trihalomethanes

nd

ppb

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

ppb

Benzene

nd

ppb

Toluene

nd

ppb

Ethylbenzene

nd

ppb

Total Xylenes

nd

ppb

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppb

GWN-VR5

Well Name:

Chattooga County #4

County:

Chattooga

Date Sampled:

06/04/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

3.4

pH

6.89

conductivity

256

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

Other:

Other:

GWN-VR6

Well Name:

Chemical Products East Well

County:

Bartow

Date Sampled:

06/05/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

1.0

pH

7.50

conductivity

178

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds:

1,1-dichloroethylene

2.8

tetrachloroethylene

3.0

Other:

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppb ppb

GWN-VR7

Well Name:

Adairsville/Lewis Spring

County:

Bartow

Date Sampled:

06/05/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

0.62

pH

7.35

conductivity

155

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

Other:

A-32
-


Table A-11 (Continued). 2003-2004 Ground-Water Quality Analyses of the Valley and Ridge Aquifer System.

GWN-VR8

Well Name:

Cedartown Spring

County:

Polk

Date Sampled:

06/05/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

0.72

pH

7.23

conductivity

174

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

2.8

Benzene

0.85

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

GWN-VR10

Well Name:

Chatsworth/Eton Spring

County:

Murray

Date Sampled:

07/30/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

1.6

pH

7.19

conductivity

171

Trihalomethanes

nd

Methyl tert-butyl ether

nd

Benzene

nd

Toluene

nd

Ethylbenzene

nd

Total Xylenes

nd

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

nd

Other:

ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb
ppm su uS/cm ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb ppb

GWN-VR9

Well Name:

Polk County #2

County:

Polk

Date Sampled:

06/05/2003

Nitrate/Nitrite

pH

conductivity

Trihalomethanes

Methyl tert-butyl ether

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Total Xylenes

Other Volatile Organic Compounds

Other:

0.96 ppm

7.03 su

188

uS/cm

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

nd

ppb

Other

A-33
-


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