Ground-water quality in Georgia for 1989

GROUND-WATER QUALITY IN GEORGIA FOR 1989
by Dennis B. O'Connell and Kenneth R. Davis
GEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION DIVISION GEORGIA GEOLOGIC SURVEY
CIRCULAR 12F

GROUND-WATER QUALITY IN GEORGIA FOR 1989
DENNIS B. O'CONNELL AND KENNETH R. DAVIS GROUND-WATER MANAGEMENT PROGRAM

The preparation of this report was financed in part
through a grant from the u.s. Environmental Protection
Agency under the provisions of Section 106 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972, as amended.
GEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES JOE D. TANNER, COMMISSIONER
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION DIVISION HAROLD F. REHEIS, DIRECTOR GEORGIA GEOLOGIC SURVEY
WILLIAM H. McLEMORE, STATE GEOLOGIST

ATLANTA 1991

CIRaJIAR 12F



Section

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction

1-1

Purpose and scope

1-1

Ground-water quality controls

1-2

Hydrogeologic provinces of Georgia

1-2

Coastal Plain Province

1-3

Piedmont and Blue Ridge Provinces

1-5

Valley and Ridge Province

1-6

Regional ground-water quality problems

l-6

Georgia Ground-Water Monitoring Networt

2-l

Monitoring stations

2-1

Uses and limitations

2-2

Analyses

2-3

Ground-water quality in Georgia - 1989

3-1

OVerview
Cretaceous aquifer system Providence aquifer system Clayton aquifer system
Claiborne aquifer system Jacksonian aquifer system
Floridan aquifer system
Miocene aquifer system
Piedmont/Blue Ridge unconfined aquifers Valley and Ridge unconfined aquifers

3-1
3-4 3-10
3-15 3-19
3-24 3-28
3-36 3-42 3-52

sumroary and conclusions

4-1

References cited

4-6

Appendix

Analyses of samples collected during 1989 for

the Georgia Ground-Water Monitoring Network

A-1

Table A-1.

Standard water-quality analysis: indicator

parameters, Organic Screens #2 and #4, and

ICP metal screen

A-2

Table A-2.

Additional water-quality analyses: cyanide,

mercury and Organic Screens #1, #3, #5 and

#7

A-3

Table A-3.

Additional water-quality analyses:

Organic screens #8 and #9

A-4

Table A-4.

Additional water-quality analyses:

Organic Screen f 10

A-5

Appendix. CContinuedl

~

Water quality for the Cretaceous aquifer system Water quality for the Providence aquifer system Water quality for the Clayton aquifer system Water quality for the Claiborne aquifer system
Water quality for the Jacksonian aquifer system Water quality for the Floridan aquifer system Water quality for the Miocene aquifer system
Water quality for the Piedmont unconfined aquifers Water quality for the Blue Ridge unconfined aquifers
Water quality for the Valley and Ridge unconfined aquifers

A-6 A-10 A-ll A-13 A-15 A-17 A-29
A-32 A-36 A-37

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Figure 1-1. The three hydrogeologic provinces of Georgia 3-1. The seven major aquifer systems of the Coastal Plain Province 3-2. Water quality of the Cretaceous aquifer system 3-3. Iron concentrations in selected wells in the Cretaceous aquifer 3-4. Manganese concentrations in selected wells in the Cretaceous and Jacksonian aquifers 3-5. Nitrite/nitrate concentrations in selected wells in the Cretaceous and Providence aquifers 3-6. Water quality of the Providence aquifer system 3-7. Iron concentrations in selected wells in the Providence aquifer 3-8. Tetrachloroethylene concentrations in selected wells 3-9. Water quality of the Clayton aquifer system
3-10. Manganese concentrations in selected wells in the Clayton and Claiborne aquifers
3-11. Water quality of the Claiborne aquifer system 3-12. Iron concentrations in selected wells in the
Claiborne aquifer 3-13 Nitrite/nitrate concentrations in selected wells
in the Claiborne aquifer 3-14. Water quality of the Jacksonian aquifer system 3-15. Nitrite/nitrate concentrations in selected wells
in the Jacksonian aquifer 3-16. Water quality of the Floridan aquifer system 3-17. Iron concentrations in selected wells in the
Floridan aquifer 3-18. Manganese concentrations in selected wells in
the Floridan aquifer 3-19a. Nitrite/nitrate concentrations in selected wells
in the Floridan aquifer 3-19b. Nitrite/nitrate concentrations in selected wells
in the Floridan aquifer (continued) 3-20. water quality of the Miocene aquifer system 3-21. Iron concentrations in selected wells in the
Miocene aquifer
3-22. Manganese concentrations in selected wells in
the Miocene aquifer 3-23. Nitrite/nitrate concentrations in selected wells
in the Miocene aquifer

1-4 3-3
3-6
3-7
3-8
3-9 3-12
3-13
3-14 3-17
3-18 3-21
3-22
3-23 3-26
3-27 3-31
3-32
3-33
3-34
3-35 3-38
3-39
3-4 0
3-41

II

Figures. CContinuedl

3-24. Water quality of the Piedmont/Blue Ridge

unconfined aquifers

3-44

3-2Sa. Iron concentrations in selected wells in the

Piedmont aquifer

3-45

3-2Sb. Iron concentrations in selected wells in the

Piedmont aquifer (continued)

3-46

3-26a. Manganese concentrations in selected wells in the

Piedmont aquifer

3-47

3-26b. Manganese concentrations in selected wells in the

Piedmont aquifer (continued)

3-48

3-27. Iron concentrations in selected wells and springs

in the Blue Ridge & Valley and Ridge aquifers

3-49

3-28. Manganese concentrations in selected wells and

springs in the Blue Ridge & Valley and Ridge

aquifers

3-50

3-29. Nitrite/nitrate concentrations in selected wells

in the Piedmont and Blue Ridge aquifers

3-51

3-30. Water quality of the Valley and Ridge

unconfined aquifers

3-53

3-31a. Nitrite/nitrate concentrations in selected wells

and springs in the Valley and Ridge aquifer

3-54

3-31b. Nitrite/nitrate concentrations in selected wells

in the Valley and Ridge aquifer

3-55

TABLES

Table

2-1. Georgia Ground-Water Monitoring Network, 1989

2-6

2-2a. The significance of parameters of a basic water

quality analysis, cations

2-7

2-2b. The significance of parameters of a basic water

quality analysis, anions

2-8

4-1a. Contaminants and pollutants detected during 1989

in stations of the Ground-Water Monitoring Network,

by aquifer

4-3

4-lb. Contaminants and pollutants detected during 1989

in stations of the Ground-Water Monitoring Network,

by aquifer (cont'd.)

4-4

4-lc. Contaminants and pollutants detected during 1989

in stations of the Ground-Water Monitoring Network,

by aquifer (cont'd.)

4-5

Ill

:INTRODOCT:ION
PURPOSE AND SCOPE This report is the sixth annual summary of ground-water quality in
Georgia. These evaluations are one of the tools used by the Georgia Environmental Protection Division (EPD) to assess trends in the quality of the State's ground-water resources. EPD is the State organization with regulatory responsibility for maintaining and, where possible, improving ground-water quality and availability. Four components constitute EPD's ground-water quality assessment program. These components include:
1. The Georgia Ground-Water Monitoring Network. This program is maintained by the Geologic Survey Branch of EPD, and is designed to evaluate the ambient ground-water quality of ten aquifer systems throughout the State of Georgia. The data presented in this report were provided by this program.
2. Sampling of public drinking water wells as a part of the Safe Drinking Water Program (Water Resources Management Branch). This program provides data on the quality of ground water that is be~ng used by the residents of Georgia.
3. Special studies that are conducted in order to address specific water quality issues. An ongoing survey of nitrite/nitrate levels in shallow wells located in the farm belt (currently being conducted by the Geologic survey Branch in cooperation with Georgia southern University) is an example of this type of study.
4. sampling of ground water at environmental facilities such as municipal solid waste landfills, RCRA facilities, sludge disposal facilities, etc. EPD's Land Protection and Water Protection Branches have the primary responsibility for monitoring these facilities.
Analyses of water samples collected for the Georgia Ground-Water Monitoring Network during calendar year 1989 and from previous years are
1-1

the data base for this summary. Representative water samples were collected from 140 wells and springs in 1989. A review of the 1989 data, and comparison of these data with analyses of samples collected as early as 1984, indicates that ground-water quality at most of the 140 sampling sites generally has changed little and remains excellent.
GROUND-WATER QUALITY CONTROLS
The quality of water from a well is the end result of complex physical and biochemical processes. Some of the more significant controls are the quality and chemistry of the water entering the groundwater flow system, the reactions of infiltrating water with the soils and rocks that are encountered, and the effects of the well and pump system.
Most water enters the ground-water system in upland recharge areas. Water seeps through interconnected pores and joints in the soils and rocks until it is discharged to a surface-water body (e.g., stream, river, lake or ocean). The chemistry and amount of recharging water and the attenuation capacity of soils have a strong influence on the quality of ground water in recharge areas. Chemical interaction of water with the aquifer host rocks has an increasing significance with longer underground residence times. As a result, ground water from discharge areas tends to be more highly mineralized than ground water in recharge areas.
The well and pump system can have a strong influence on the quality of the well water. Well casings can contribute metals (e.g., iron from steel casings) and organic compounds (e.g., tetrahydrofuran from PVC pipe cement) to the water. Pumps often aerate the water being discharged. Improperly constructed wells, on the other hand, can present a conduit for local pollution to enter the ground-water flow system.
HYDROGEOLOGIC PROVINCES OF GEORGIA
Three hydrogeologic provinces in Georgia are defined by their general qeoloqic and hydrologic characteristics (Fiqure 1-1). These
1-2

provinces include: 1. The coastal Plain Province of south Georgia 2. The Piedmont and Blue Ridge Provinces, which include all but the northwest corner of northern Georgia 3. The Valley and Ridge Province of northwest Georgia Each of these provinces is described in greater detail below.
coastal Plain Province
Georgia's Coastal Plain Province is composed of a wedge of loosely consolidated sediments that gently dip and thicken to the south and southeast. Ground water in the Coastal Plain Province flows through interconnected pore space between grains in the host rocks and through solution-enlarged voids. The oldest outcropping sedimentary formations (Cretaceous) are exposed along the Fall Line, which is the northern limit of the Coastal Plain Province. Successively younger formations occur at the surface to the south and southeast.
The coastal Plain contains the State's major confined (artesian) aquifers. Confined aquifers are those which are overlain by a layer of impermeable material (e.g., clay or shale) and contain water at greaterthan-atmospheric pressures. Water enters the aquifers in their up-dip outcrop areas where the permeable rocks of the aquifer are exposed. Many of the Coastal Plain aquifers are unconfined in their up-dip outcrop areas, but become confined in down-dip areas to the southeast, where they are overlain by successively younger rock formations. Ground-water flow through confined Coastal Plain aquifers is generally to the south and southeast, in the direction of dip of the rocks.
1-3

ID

D

ID 1D ID ~-

Figure 1-1. - T.he three hydrogeologic provinces of Georgia. 1-4

Rocks forming the seven major confined aquifers in the Coastal Plain range in age from Cretaceous to Miocene. Horizontal and vertical changes in the permeability of the rock units that form these aquifers and the quality of ground water they contain determine the thickness and extent of the aquifers. Several aquifers may be present in a single geographic area, forming a vertical stack'.
The Cretaceous and Jacksonian aquifer systems (primarily sands) are a common source of drinking water within a 35-mile wide band that lies adjacent to and south of the Fall Line. Southwestern Georgia relies on four vertically stacked aquifers (sands and carbonates) for drinkingwater supplies: the Providence, Clayton, Claiborne and Floridan aquifer systems. A large area of south-central and southeastern Georgia is served by the Floridan aquifer system (primarily carbonates) The Miocene aquifer system (sands and carbonates) is the principal 'shallow' unconfined aquifer system occurring in the broad area underlain by the Floridan aquifer system. It becomes confined in the coastal counties and locally in the Grady-Thomas-Brooks-Lowndes Counties area.
Piedmont and Blue Ridge Provinces
Crystalline rocks of metamorphic and igneous origin (primarily Precambrian and Paleozoic in age) underlie the Piedmont and Blue Ridge Provinces. These two provinces differ geologically, but are discussed together here because they share common hydrologic properties. The principal water-bearing features are fractures, compositional layers and other geologic discontinuities in the rock, as well as intergranular porosity in the overlying soil and saprolite horizons. Thick soils and saprolites are often important as the 'reservoir' that supplies water to the water-bearing fracture and joint systems. Ground-water typically flows from local highlands towards discharge areas along streams. However, during prolonged dry periods or in the vicinity of heavy pumpage, ground water may flow from the streams into the fracture and joint systems.
1-5

Valley and Ridge Province
The Valley and Ridge Province is underlain by consolidated Paleozoic sedimentary formations. The permeable features of the Valley and Ridge Province are principally fractures and solution voids; intergranular porosity also is important in some places. Ground-water and surface-wat&r systems are locally closely interconnected. Dolostones and limestones of the Knox Group are the principal aquifers where they occur in the axes of broad valleys. The greater permeabilities of the thick carbonate sections in this Province, in part due to solutionenlarged joints, permit development of more extensive aquifer systems than in the Piedmont and Blue Ridge Province.
REGIONAL GROUND-WA'l'BR QUALITY PROBLEMS
Data from ground-water investigations in Georgia, including the Ground-Water Monitoring Network, indicate that virtually all of Georgia has shallow ground water sufficient for domestic supply. Iron and manganese are the only constituents that occur routinely in concentrations exceeding drinking-water standards. These two naturallyoccurring metals can cause staining of objects, but do not pose a health risk.
Only a few occurrences of polluted or contaminated ground waters are known from north Georgia. Aquifers in the outcrop areas of Cretaceous sediments south of the Fall Line typically yield acidic water that may require treatment. The acidity occurs naturally, and results from the inability of the sandy aquifer sediments to buffer acidic rainwater and acid-producing reactions between infiltrating water and soils and sediments. Nitrite/nitrate concentrations in ground water from the karstic areas of both southwestern and northwestern Georgia are within drinking-water standards, but are somewhat higher than levels found in other areas of the State.
The Floridan aquifer system includes two areas of naturallyoccurring reduced ground-water quality in addition to its karstic plain in southwestern Georgia. The Gulf Trough, a narrow, linear geologic feature extending from southwestern Decatur County through central
1-6

Bulloch County, typically yields water with high total dissolved solids concentrations. Elevated levels of barium, sulfate and radionuclides are common in ground water from the Gulf Trough. High levels of total dissolved solids also are common to the lower section of the Floridan aquifer system along the Georgia coast. Ground-water withdrawals have allowed upconing of brine from deeper parts of the aquifer in the Brunswick area.
l-7

GEORGXA GROUND-WATER MONXTORXNG NETWORK
MONXTORXNG STATXONS
Stations of the Ground-Water Monitoring Network include all seven major aquifer systems of the Coastal Plain Province and unconfined ground-water systems of the Piedmont and Blue Ridge Provinces and the Valley and Ridge Province (Table 2-1). Monitoring stations are located in three critical settings:
1. areas of surface recharge, 2. other areas of potential pollution related to regional
activities (agricultural and industrial areas) and 3. areas of significant ground-water use.
The majority of monitoring stations are municipal, industrial and domestic wells that have reliable well-construction data. Many of the monitoring stations that are located in recharge areas are sampled more than once a year in order to more closely monitor changes in water quality. The Monitoring Network also includes monitoring wells in specific areas where the state's aquifers are recognized to be susceptible to contamination or pollution (e.g., the Dougherty Plain of southwestern Georgia and the State's coastal area). These monitoring wells are maintained jointly by the Georgia Geologic survey and the u.s. Geological Survey.
EPD's concern over pesticides in ground water warranted the addition of 22 shallow wells as monitoring stations and an expanded pesticides analysis program for samples from two other Monitoring Network wells during 1988 and 1989. Three of the recently added wells were sampled during 1988. Nineteen shallow wells located in agricultural areas of the coastal Plain Province were sampled for the first time in 1989. Most of the wells are the source of domestic drinking-water supplies. Two of the new wells are screened in the Jacksonian Aquifer System (J7,J8), six are screened in the Floridan Aquifer System (PASOPASS), and eleven are screened in the Miocene Aquifer System (MIS MilS). The increased number of monitoring stations necessitated a
2-1

reduction in the frequency of sample collection from some of the other Monitoring Network wells, especially those located in confined aquifers of south-central and coastal Georgia.
USES AND LIMITATIONS
Regular sampling of wells and springs of the Ground-Water Monitoring Network permits analysis of ground-water quality with respect to location (spatial trends) and with respect to the time of sample collection (temporal trends). Spatial trends are useful for assessing the effects of the geologic framework of the aquifer and regional landuse activities on ground-water quality. Temporal trends permit an assessment of the effects of rainfall and drought periods on groundwater quantity and quality. Both trends are useful for the detection of non-point source pollution. Examples of non-point source pollution include acid rain and regional land-use activities (for example, application of agricultural chemicals on crop lands).
It should be noted that the data of the Ground-Water Monitoring Network are representative of water quality in only limited areas of the State. Monitoring water quality at 140 sites located throughout the State provides an indication of ground-water quality at the localities sampled and at depths corresponding to the screened interval in the well at each station in the Monitoring Network. caution should be exercised in drawing broad conclusions and applying any results reported in this study to ground waters that are not being monitored.
Stations of the Ground-Water Monitoring Network are intentionally located away from known point sources of pollution. The stations provide baseline data on ambient water quality in Georgia. EPD requires other forms of ground-water monitoring for activities that may result in point source pollution (e.g., landfills, hazardous waste facilities and land application sites) through its environmental facilities permit programs.
Ground-water quality changes gradually and predictably in the areally extensive aquifers of the Coastal Plain Province. The Monitoring Network allows for some definition of the chemical processes occurring
2-2

in large confined aquifers. Unconfined aquifers in northern Georgia and the surface recharge areas of southern Georgia are comparatively small and more open to interactions with land-use activities. The wider spacing of monitoring stations does not permit equal characterization of water-quality processes in all of these settings. The quality of water from monitoring wells completed in unconfined north Georgia aquifers represents only the general nature of ground water in the vicinity of the monitaring stations. In contrast, ground water from monitoring stations located in surface recharge areas of Georgia Coastal Plain aquifers may more closely reflect the general quality of water that has entered these aquifers. Ground water in the recharge areas of the Coastal Plain aquifers is the future drinking-water resource for downflow areas. Monitoring stations in these recharge areas, in effect, constitute an early warning system for potential future water quality problems in confined portions of the Coastal Plain aquifers.
ANALYSES
Analyses are available for 167 water samples collected during 1989 from 137 wells and three springs. Annual analyses of water samples from 28 of the wells span six years with the addition of the 1989 data. For 1984, the first year of the Ground-Water Monitoring Network, hydrogeologists sampled water from 39 wells located in the Piedmont, Blue Ridge, and Coastal Plain Provinces. Nine of these wells have been sampled each year since 1984. Water samples were collected state-wide from 84 wells and three springs in 1985, 25 wells and three springs in 1986, 123 wells and three springs in 1987, and 112 wells and three springs in 1988.
Ground water from all monitoring stations is tested for the basic water quality parameters included in the Monitoring Network's standard analysis. The standard parameters include pH, specific conductivity, chloride, sulfate, nitrite/nitrate, chlorinated pesticides (Organics Screen #2), phenoxy herbicides (Organics Screen #4) and thirty metals (Appendix, Table A-1). Where regional land-use activities have the potential to affect ground-water quality in the vicinity of a monitoring station, additional parameters are tested. These additional chemical
2-3

screens are listed in the Appendix (Tables A-2, A-3, and A-4). Tables 22a and 2-2b summarize the significance of the common major constituents of a water-quality analysis.
The Drinking Water Program of the Georgia Environmental Protection Division has established Maximum contaminant Levels (MCLs) for some of the parameters that are included in the analyses performed on Ground Water Monitoring Network samples. Primary Maximum Contaminant Levels are established for parameters that may have adverse effects on the public health when the Primary MCLs are exceeded. Secondary Maximum contaminant Levels are established for parameters that may give drinking water an objectionable odor or color, and consequently cause persons served by public water systems to discontinue its use. The Primary and Secondary MCLs for Ground Water Monitoring Network parameters are given in Tables A-1, A-2 and A-4 in the Appendix.
In-place pumps are used whenever possible to purge wells and collect water samples. Using these pumps minimizes the potential for cross-contamination of wells. Some wells that are included in the Ground-Water Monitoring Network are continuous water-level monitoring stations and do not have dedicated pumps. A two horse-power, trailermounted four-inch electric submersible pump and a three-inch, truckmounted submersible pump are the principal portable purge-and-sampling devices used. A battery-powered, portable Fultz sampling pump and a PVC hand pump are occasionally used at stations that cannot be sampled using the principal sampling pumps.
Sampling procedures are adapted from techniques used by the u.s. Geological Survey and the u.s. Environmental Protection Agency.
Hydrogeologists purge the wells prior to the collection of a sample to minimize the influence of the well, pump and distribution system on water quality. Municipal, industrial and domestic wells typically require 45 minutes of purging prior to sample collection. Wells without dedicated pumps often require much longer periods of purging.
Hydrogeologists monitor water quality parameters prior to sample collection. Measurements of pH, dissolved oxygen content, specific
2-4

conductivity, temperature and ionic potential are observed using field instruments. The instruments are mounted in a manifold that captures flow at the pump system discharge point before the water is exposed to atmospheric conditions. Typical trends include a lowering of pH, dissolved oxygen content and specific conductivity, and a transition towards the mean annual air temperature with increased purging time. The hydraulic flow characteristics of unconfined aquifers and pump effects often alter these trends.
Samples are collected once the parameters being monitored in the field stabilize or otherwise indicate that the effects of the well have been minimized. Files at the Georgia Geologic survey contain records of the field measurements. The sample bottles are filled and then immediately placed in an ice water bath to preserve the water quality. After one to two hours, the bottles are transferred to a dry cooler refrigerated with an ice tray. The hydrogeologists then transport the samples to the laboratories for analysis on or before the Friday of the week in which they are collected. EPD laboratories in Atlanta perform all analyses except for organic chemical screens 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 7 (Appendix, Tables A-1 and A-2). The Agricultural Services Laboratory of the Cooperative Extension Service at the University of Georgia in Athens performs these organic screens.
2-5

Table 2-1. - Georg1a Ground-Wa ter Mon1'tori ng Network 1989

AQUIFER SYSTEM

NtJMBER OF MONITORING STATIONS

PRIMARY STRATIGRAPHIC EQUIVALENTS

AGE OF AQUIFER FORMATIONS

Cretaceous

20
(16 sampled in 1989)

Ripley Formation, Cusseta Sand,
Blufftown Formation,
Eutaw Formation, and Tuscaloosa Formation

Late cretaceous

Providence

4

Providence Sand

Late Cretaceous

Clayton..

7
(6 sampled in 1989)

Clayton Formation

Paleocene

Claiborne

9
(7 sampled in 1989)

Tallahatta Formation Middle Eocene

Jacksonian

10
(9 sampled in 1989)

Barnwell Group

Late Eocene

Floridan

58
(54 sampled in 1989)

Suwannee Limestone,
Ocala Group, Bridgeboro Limestone
and Claibornian Carbonates

Middle Eocene to Oligocene

Miocene

15

Altamaha Formation Miocene

and Hawthorne Group

Piedmont

18
(17 sampled in 1989)

New Georgia Group, Sandy Springs Group,
Laura Lake Mafic Complex, Austell
Gneiss, Sand Hill Gneiss, Mulberry
Rock Gneiss, Atlanta Group and Lithonia
Gneiss

Predominately Paleozoic and Precambrian

Blue Ridge

4

Corbin Gneiss

Predominately

Complex, snowbird

Paleozoic and

Group, Walden creek Precambrian

Group, Great Smoky

Group and Murphy

Marble Belt Group

Valley and

9

Shady Dolomite,

Paleozoic,

Ridge

Knox Group, and

mostly Cambrian

Chickamauga Group

and Ordovician

2-6

Table 2-2a. - The significance of parameters of a basic water quality analysis, cations (Wait, 1960}

PARAMBTBR(S) pH (Hydrogen ion concentration)
Calcium and magnesium *

SIGNIPICANCB
pH is a measure of the concentration of the hydrogen ion. Values of pH less than 7.0 denote acidity and values greater than 7.0 indicate alkalinity. Corrosiveness of water generally increases with decreasing pH. However, excessively alkaline waters may also attack metals. A pH range between 6.0 and 8.5 is considered acceptable.
Calcium and magnesium cause most of the hardness of water. Hard water consumes soap before a lather will form and deposits scale in boilers, water heaters and pipes. Hardness is reported in terms of equivalent calcium carbonate. The hardness of a water can be estimated by multiplying the parts per million of calcium by 2.5 and that of magnesium by 4.1.

Water Class
Soft Moderately Hard Hard Very Hard

Hardness (parts per million)
Less than 60
60 to 120
121 to 180 More than 180

Sodium and potassium *

Sodium and potassium have little effect on
the use of water for most domestic purposes. Large amounts give a salty taste when
combined with chloride. A high sodium content may limit the use of water for irrig_ation.

Iron and manganese

More than 300 parts per billion of iron
stains objects red or reddish brown and
more than 50 parts per billion of manganese stains objects black. Larger quantities cause unpleasant taste and favor growth of iron bacteria but do not endan-
ger health.

*MaJor alkal~ metals present ~n most ground waters.

2-7

Table 2-2b - The siqnificance of parameters of a basic water quality analysis, anions (Wait, 1960)

PARAMETER(S)

SIGNII'ICANCE

Chloride

Chloride salts in excess of 100 parts per
million qive a salty taste to water. Larqe quantities make the water corrosive. Water
that contains excessive amounts of chloride is not suitable for irriqation. It is recommended that chloride content should not exceed 250 parts per million.

Nitrite/nitrate Sulfate

Concentrations much qreater than the local averaqe may suqqest pollution. Excessive amounts of nitroqen in drinkinq or formula water of infants may cause a type of methemoqlobinemia ("blue babies"). Nitrite/ nitrate in concentrations qreater than 10 parts per million (as nitroqen) is considered to be a health hazard.
Sulfate in hard water increases the formation of scale in boilers. In larqe amounts, sulfate in combination with other ions imparts a bitter taste to water. Concentrations above 250 parts per million have a laxative effect, but 500 parts per million is considered safe.

2-8

GROUND-WATER QUALZTY ZN GBORGZA - 1989
OVERVZEW
Georgia's ten major aquifer systems are grouped into three hydrogeologic provinces for the purposes of this report.
The Coastal Plain Province is comprised of seven major aquifers that are restricted to specific regions and depths within the Coastal Plain because of their aquifer geometry (Fiqure 3-1). These major aquifer systems, in many cases, incorporate smaller aquifers that are locally confined. Monitoring stations in the Coastal Plain aquifers are generally located in three settings:
1. Recharge (or outcrop) areas, which are located in regions that are geologically up-dip and generally to the north of confined portions of these aquifers. 2. Up-dip, confined areas, which are located in regions that are proximal to the recharge areas, yet are confined by overlying geologic formations. These areas are generally south to southeast of the recharge areas. 3. Down-dip, confined areas, located to the south and southeast in the deeper, confined portions of the aquifers distal to the recharge areas.
The two major hydrogeologic provinces of north Georgia, the Piedmont/Blue Ridge Province and the Valley and Ridge Province, are characterized by smaller-scale and more localized ground-water flow patterns in aquifers that are typically unconfined. Deeper regional flow systems are less developed in northern Georgia than in the Coastal Plain Province because of the discontinuous nature of permeable features in the north Georgia aquifers. Ground-water flow in the Piedmont/Blue Ridge Province is generally controlled by geologic discontinuities (such as fractures) and compositional changes within the aquifer. Local physiographic features, such as hills and valleys, may influence local ground-water flow patterns. Many of the factors controlling ground-water flow in the Piedmont/Blue Ridge Province are also present in the Valley
3-1

and Ridge Province. In addition, widespread development of karst features (for example, caves, springs and solution-enlarged voids) may significantly enhance porosity and permeability in localized areas, and exert a strong influence on local ground-water flow patterns.
3-2

. .,;, ... ' .
' I
"

~~~11

..

CLAYTON

A

B E

MSL FLORIDAN
-1000'

B

MIOCENE

c

c

D

MSL

FLORIDAN

-1000'

FLORIDAN

Figure 3-1. - The seven major aquifer systems of the Coastal Plain Province.

3-3

CRETACEOUS AQUIPER SYSTEM
The Cretaceous aquifer system is a complexly interconnected group of aquifer subsystems consisting of the Late Cretaceous sands of the Coastal Plain Province. These sands crop out in an extensive recharge area immediately south of the Fall Line in west and central Georgia (Figure 3-2). OVerlying sediments restrict Cretaceous outcrops to valley bottoms in parts of the northeastern coastal Plain. Five distinct subsystems of the Cretaceous aquifer system, including the Providence aquifer system, are recognized west of the Ocmulgee River (Pollard and Vorhis, 1980). These merge into three subsystems to the east (Clarke, et al., 1985). Aquifer sands thicken southward from the Fall Line, where they pinch out against crystalline Piedmont rocks, to a sequence of sand and clay approximately 2,000 feet thick at the southern limits of the main aquifer-use area. Leakage from adjacent members of the aquifer system provides significant recharge in down-dip areas.
Water quality of the Cretaceous aquifer system, excluding the Providence aquifer system (discussed separately in this report), was monitored in 16 wells. All of these wells are located in up-dip areas in or adjacent to outcrop and surface recharge areas for the Cretaceous aquifer system. No down-dip wells were sampled during 1989.
Water from the wells in the up-dip area was typically acidic, to the point of being corrosive, and soft. Three wells in outcrop areas adjacent to the Chattahoochee River yielded basic water. Iron and manganese concentrations were generally low, although one well in Macon County yielded water containing 740 parts per billion iron. The State Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) for iron is 300 parts per billion. Figures 3-3 and 3-4 show trends in iron and manganese concentrations for wells that have historically yielded water with high levels of these metals. concentrations of major alkali metals (calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium) were generally either low or below detection limits. Other trace metals (aluminum, copper, strontium and zinc) were commonly present in minor amounts.
Chloride and sulfate levels were low (less than 15 parts per
3-4

million chloride and 10 parts per million sulfate) in all of the samples collected. Water samples from eight of the wells in the up-dip area contained detectable levels of nitrite/nitrate. The highest values, 0.23 to 0.98 parts per million, were measured in samples from five wells in middle Georgia and in a Richmond County well. Fiqure 3-5 shows trends in levels of combined nitrite/nitrate (reported as parts per million nitrogen) for wells that have historically yielded water with high nitrite/nitrate levels. Most of these wells show an overall decrease in nitrite/nitrate levels when compared to previous years, although one updip well'showed a slight increase.
3-5

\ __ )
....
I
\
I
\ I

. l._)

1 j

... ----.1..._-...Ju.....

_

I L_

r
~--



-

-



-

---..,.i

~-~lL----.1,/

".'.....0._..__.IC.,...._1~0....:".:' .....-.. "'&.0

't_: ..

0 Iron concentrations exceed drinking-water limits ~ Nitrite/nitrate concentrations exceed 0.45 parts per million Soft water iF~Hilli General recharge area (from Davis 1 et al. 1 1988) Figure 3-2. - Water quality of the cretaceous aquifer system.
3-6

4500~J u:::~ - -~---' lW~D 5000TF.~~~~-------------

L-------------. .....lovll

7---~

-----

. K2 i

40001- --------------------------- <

_. 35oo1...........----'-"-'--------- )Y

*-

K3
--------------------- . ._w,,.

..0..). . 3000---------------------------

---------------------------

K4

::J

B

-........
Q)

2500~-------------------------------....--------------.................._ _ _ _ _,_____

K8

LL

*......._______........-. e'-"'
C 2000

-----------------.,------)-<----.------------~ ----------11 ~~w.9....

w
I

1500-1- ..................-------------------

-..I

1ooa1............---------------------------------

*K16

500f--.............................--------------------- + 7/ ac.... --~- ............... t ...................... ..

a1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

Calendar Year

Figure 3-3. - Iron concentrations in selected wells in the cretaceous aquifer.

I ~ I 250 ----------------~----~~~~;;;;~~;=lllWeiiD

...

MaJdnun Contar6a1l LM

-

Ma lga1ll8 (Mn) - SJ 101- -

K4

200----------

~
-:J
..c....:... 150-1------------------------
6

Q)

m

cas: 1Q0-1---------------------------------

C)

w
I
ClD

cas:
~

K8
--------------,--11 J3*
B
J4
J8*

50+-------------------------

-- -- - - ---------

01 1984

[j3
1985

[j3
1986

q!'
1987

Calendar Year

I
1988

I 1989

Figure 3-4. - Manganese concentrations in selected wells in the Cretaceous and Jacksonian aquifers.

1.21 I * = average of 2 samples U = Undetected

...ra

IMIDik1uneom.mantl.ovel
.*, 1or Nllrile/Nitnlle - to mgN/1.

II I WilD# K5

1-1----""--------- ,.r

----- ----~---

-+-

K6

~ 0.8-------~-----------------------------------------------

*

C)

K6A

E..

j.:.:_::,l

8 0.6+-------------------- -~--~----"---------------------------~---11 K1 0

z

od

w_ ....

w
I \D

8z 0.4..-- ---------------------------

PD2A

0.2 ----------------------------------

0+-------~------~----~------~------~

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

Calendar Year

Figure J-5. - Nitrite/nitrate concentrations in selected wells in the Cretaceous and Providence aquifers.

PROVIDENCE AQUIFER SYSTEM
Sand and coquinoid limestone of the Late cretaceous Providence Formation comprise the Providence aquifer system of southwestern Georgia. Outcrops of the aquifer system extend from northern Clay and Quitman Counties through eastern Houston County (Figure 3-6). In its updip extent, the aquifer system thickens both to the east and to the west of a broad area adjacent to the Flint River~ Areas where the thickness of the Providence exceeds 300 feet are known in Pulaski County, and similar thicknesses have been projected in the vicinity of Baker, Calhoun and Early Counties (Clarke, et al., 1983).
The permeable Providence Formation-Clayton Formation interval forms a single aquifer east of the Flint River (Clarke, et al., 1983). This same interval is recognized as the Dublin aquifer system to the east of the ocmulgee River (Clarke, et al., 1985). outcrop areas and adjacent covered areas to the east of the Flint River, where the aquifer is overlain by permeable sand units, are surface recharge areas. The Chattahoochee River forms the western discharge boundary for this flow system in Georgia.
Water quality in the Providence aquifer system was monitored in one outcrop-area well and in two up-dip and one down-dip wells where the system is confined. Water from the outcrop-area well was acidic and soft. The wells in the confined areas yielded water that was basic and soft to moderately hard. Manganese levels were below 15 parts per billion in the water samples from all four wells. Water from the downdip well in the confined area of the aquifer contained 1,200 parts per billion of iron. Figure 3-7 shows trends in iron concentrations in this well. Calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium and strontium were the only other cations that were commonly detected. Chloride and sulfate concentrations were low, less than 14 parts per million, in all samples. Minor nitrite/nitrate levels were present in the water samples from the one well located in the up-dip outcrop area. Figure 3-5 shows that nitritejnitrate concentrations in this well have decreased since 1988.
3-10

One well in the up-dip, confined portion of the Providence aquifer yielded water containing 2 parts per billion of tetrachloroethylene when it was sampled during March (Figure 3-8). This well, located in Americus, Sumter County, was resampled in June, at which time no tetrachloroethylene was detected. Teterachloroethylene is a common industrial soivent used in dry cleaning and degreasing appiications.
3-11


_ .
\..... ..;
\
- - ... F '
\

10

C

I('

10



iiOIIt!J..LS

Iron concentrations exceed drinking-water limits ~Nitrite/nitrate concentrations exceed 0.45 parts per million
Soft water Moderately hard water ~m* General recharge area (from Davis, et al., 1988) Figure 3-6. - Water quality of the Providence aquifer system.
3-12

I I 16.~----------~ MllldnunContanlantlewl '

14 -1..

for Iran fe) :Dl ugiL

---------------~--------------:-:--,-....,---1

-W~~ID#
PD1

12-1....................................,_,,_______,,,...,,,_,____________________.)..______________,______ .J I CT1

*

~
0;

-a;

10+--..- - - - - - - - - - - - -

. ----------..-:'lr

------

----4 CT2A

w

::::s "c'0:

-(i) (/)

"' L....L.....
c:

:J
.0c

-e t:..

8-1-....-----------

B
..--.- ..-----------......................,..........\. --,----~ I CT5

* 6~----..------. -----..---------..---.......................- ........- ..................--.......---. -~-------11 CTSA

I
~ w

* 4-l-----.......................- .....- -....,..................._..________,....______......................................................................._____________~ CT68

2..................................- -------------.----------- -----..-.....................___________..

ol

:

!:; ===

~

~

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

Calendar Year

Figure 3-7. - Iron concentrations in selected wells in the Providence and Clayton aquifers.

Propo!ed MaJitrun

Co 11a'*W1l leva! for
Tetractboe1hvlen 5 tGl

P13

_.
0,

P*A41

::J
-Gc )
G)
-..~ c
Q) ~

a~-----------..........--------

.......___.

- _______.._____

a
.. PD4A

* 5-f-..---..----..----..------------------------------'-..------------ VR2

-0 4 -1---------------------..------------..--------------~
..c

..w
..I..

! 3 ....---. ------:..------------. ----.. . ---~---------- ,----

;!

2-1----:_--------------~

----------------

~

:r--~--------.-------~- ~-------l

1984

1985

1986

1987

Calendar Year

1988

1989

Figure 3-8. - Tetrachloroethylene concentration in selected wells.

CLAYTON AQUZPER SYSTEM
The Clayton aquifer system of southwestern Georgia is developed in the middle limestone unit of the Paleocene Clayton Formation. Limestones and calcareous sands of the Clayton aquifer system crop out in a narrow belt extending from northeastern Clay County to southwestern Schley County (Figure 3-9). Aquifer thickness varies irregularly, ranging from 50 feet near outcrop areas to 265 feet in southeastern Mitchell County (Clarke, et al., 1984). Both the Flint River, to the east, and the Chattahoochee River, to the west, are areas of discharge for the aquifer system in its up-dip extent. Leakage from the underlying Providence aquifer system and the overlying Wilcox confining zone is significant in down-dip areas (Clarke, et al. , 1984) The Clayton Formation and Providence Formation merge to form a single aquifer unit in up-dip areas (Long, 1989). In areas east of the Ocmulgee River, the combination of these two aquifers is referred to as the Dublin aquifer system (Clarke, et al., 1985).
Six wells were used to monitor water quality of the Clayton aquifer system. These sample stations included five wells in confined, up-dip areas of the Clayton aquifer, and one well in the confined, down-dip area of the aquifer.
All water samples from the confined-area wells were slightly basic and non-corrosive. The water samples from wells in the up-dip area were hard to very hard. Iron and manganese concentrations exceeded drinkingwater limits in samples from the western-most well. Manganese levels in this well have decreased over the last three years (Figure 3-10), but still exceed the Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level for public drinking water. Concentrations of iron in the same well for the same period have also decreased, but also remain above levels considered acceptable for public drinking water (Figure 3-7). Trace amounts of gold, barium, bismuth, cobalt, molybdenum, strontium, vanadium and zinc and the major alkali metals were the other common cations. The water sample from the one down-dip well was moderately hard, with iron levels that exceeded public drinking-water limits.
3-15

Chloride content was uniformly low, less than 10 parts per million, in all samples. Sulfate levels were less than 20 parts per million in the water trom all sample stations except for a well adjacent to the Chattahoochee River. Nitrite/nitrate concentrations were below detection limits in all of the samples analyzed.
3-16

..
Diron concentrations exceed drinking-water limits Ciron and manganese concentrations exceed drinking-water limits Soft water Moderately hard water Hard water Very hard water ~~~r,~\lGeneral recharge area (from Davis 1 et al. 1 1988)
Figure 3-9. - Water quality of the Clayton aquifer system.
3-17

J545000~1 ~:.!- L.___ -A-------==-==~==~=1 c;BWoiiD#

400-t------------------------,.--
...J

CL4

0;
c-:J 350-----------------------------------...-----------

*
CL5

~ 300i------------------ ------------------->or---:

"C""D"'

U)

cCaDs: 250-+--------------

--------------------\-----

----- ~ CL8

C)

w
..I..
(I)

cas: 200-------------------------------------------
-~

--------

150-m--.----oooo---------------- -----------------

100-+---------------------

---------------- --~---- 8 - - - - - - - - - -

sot-----~==~~*=====~======~====~

1984

1985

1988

1987

1988

1989

Calendar Year

Figure 3-10. - Manganese concentrations in selected wells in the Clayton and Claiborne aquifers.

CLAZBORKB AQUXPBR SYSTEM
Sands of the Middle Eocene Claiborne Group are the primary members of the Claiborne aquifer system of southwestern Georqia. Claiborne Group sands crop out in a belt extendinq from northern Early County throuqh western Dooly County (Fiqure 3-11). Limited recharqe may be derived down-dip_in the vicinity of Albany in Douqhe~y County by leakaqe from the overlyinq Floridan aquifer system (Hicks, et al., 1981). Discharqe boundaries of the aquifer system are the Ocmulqee River, to the east, and theChattahoochee River, to the west.
The aquifer qenerally thickens from the outcrop area towards the southeast, attaininq a thickness of almost 3oo feet in eastern Douqherty County. In down-dip areas where the Claiborne Gr.oup can be divided into the Lisbon Formation above and the Tallahatta Formation below, the Claiborne aquifer system is qenerally restricted to the Tallahatta Formation, and the Lisbon Formation acts as a confininq unit that separates the Claiborne aquifer from the overlyinq Floridan aquifer (McFadden and Perriello, 1983: Lonq, 1989). The permeable Tallahatta unit is included in the Gordon aquifer system east of the ocmulqee River (Brooks, et al., 1985).
Ground-water samples of the Claiborne aquifer system were collected from three outcrop-area wells and from four wells in down-dip areas where the aquifer is confined. Water samples from wells in the outcrop areas were acidic, to the point of beinq corrosive, and soft. Iron concentrations exceeded drinkinq-water limits in one outcrop-area well in Lee County, and water from two wells in Sumter and Randolph Counties exceeded acceptable limits for manqanese. Wells in the down-dip areas yielded water that was basic and moderately hard to very hard. Water from one down-dip well in Douqherty County exceeded the Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level for iron, but the remainder of the wells in the down-dip area yielded water with acceptable iron and manqanese levels. Fiqures 3-12 and 3-10 show trends in iron and manqanese concentrations for wells that have historically yielded water with hiqh levels of these metals. Aluminum, barium, bismuth, cobalt, copper, qold, molybdenum, strontium, vanadium, yttrium and zinc were also detected.
3-19

Chloride and sulfate concentrations in the water samples were uniformly low. Further down dip, in Thomas county, water in the Claiborne aquifer system is highly mineralized (Sever, 1966). Nitrite/nitrate levels of 3.5 and 7.6 parts per million nitrogen were measured in water samples from two of the three outcrop-area wells. Concentrations have increased from 6.33 (average of two analyses) to 7.6 parts per million in the water samples collected from a Shellman, Randolph County, well since sampling began in 1986 (Figure 3-13). A well in Sumter County has shown an increase from 1.15 to 3.5 parts per million nitrite/ nitrate since 1985. One well in Unadilla, Dooly County, located in the confined portion of the aquifer, yielded water containing 7.9 parts per million nitrite/nitrate. In previous years, nitrite/nitrate levels in this well bad never exceeded 0.2 parts per million. The same Dooly county well contained 0.45 parts per billion of the herbicide Dinoseb. Nitrite/nitrate levels were below detection limits in water samples from other wells in the confined portion of the Claiborne aquifer.
3-20

0 Iron concentrations exceed drinking-water limits 0 Manganese concentrations exceed drinking-water limits ~ Nitrite/nitrate concentrations exceed 0.45 parts per million Soft water Moderately hard water Hard water ~~General recharge area (from Davis, et al., 1988)
Figure 3-11. - Water quality of the Claiborne aquifer system.
3-21

1200 I
I I MIDCinun Contauhn level for hln fe) :m uaiL
1000+-~ ----..- - - - - - - - -

_. 800-..---"-----------..------..----

......._

t

-:::J
u~ .......... 600-t..-------------------

. _______._~~ .

w

-ec 400-t--.........._______________,_______. .,____,

I

N

N

~w..n4ti
CL1
Cl2
C*L3
E3
CL8
D

200-+---........._........_.,,.. ____.._____

='"<

----"-----=------- 4

oL-----~~----~------~======~==~~

.1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

Calendar Year

-

Figure 3-12. - Iron concentrations in selected wells in ~h~ Claiborne aauifer~

8

-

j = average of 2 s.,tesj

7 ~-1 Maxlnun Contaminant Level
for Nitrite/Nitrate = 10 mgN/L

.

6-----------------------------------------------------..- CL4

z_J
C) 5-------------------........_,_________..,_____.._,.__,....................___

C*L5

-E
0(f) 4..................................................................- ..- ....--. -- -------..--------....---................----

- -. .

z

ol.S a~.........................._

w

8

I
w N

z 2... .................._...._.. .........___,.

+ - - -- - - - - - -

1-~.............................- .............._,__________,,,,__.._........-......._ ..__,___,________............- ..............________,______

ol
1984


1985

~
1986

~
1987

Caiendar Year


1988

I
1989

Figure 3-13. - Nitrite/nitrate concentrations in selected wells in the Claiborne aquifer.

JACKSONX&R AQUIPBR SYSTBK
The Jacksonian aquifer system of central and east-central Georgia is developed in sands of the Eocene Barnwell Group. outcrops of sand and clay of the Barnwell Group extend from Macon and Peach Counties eastward to Burke and Richmond Counties (Figure 3-14). Aquifer sands form a northern clastic facies of the Barnwell Group and grade southward into less permeable silts and clays of a transition facies (Vincent, 1982). The water-bearing sands are relatively thin, generally ranging from ten to fifty feet in thickness. Limestones equivalent to the Barnwell Group form a southern carbonate facies and are included in the Floridan aquifer system. The Savannah River and ocmulgee River are eastern and western discharge boundaries respectively for the up-dip flow system of the Jacksonian aquifer system.
Water quality in the Jacksonian aquifer system was monitored in seven wells in the clastic facies and two wells in the transition facies. Two of the clastic facies wells, located in Burke and Jefferson Counties, were sampled for the first time in 1989. Water from the aquifer system was generally basic and varied from soft to very hard. Iron levels in all sampl~s were below the Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level for drinking water. Manganese exceeded drinking water limits in water from one transition-facies well in Emanuel County and one clasticfacies well in Jefferson County. Figure 3-4 shows trends in concentration for wells that have historically yielded water high in manganese. Water from one well in Jefferson County exceeded Primary Maximum Contaminant Levels for silver. High levels of silver can lead to a condition known as argyria, with symptoms including discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes. The major alkali metals and aluminum, antimony, barium, bismuth, cobalt, copper, gold, molybdenum, strontium, tin, vanadium and zinc were the other common cations.
Chloride and sulfate levels were 11 parts per million or less in all samples. Nitrite/nitrate concentrations ranged from below detection limits up to 0.34 parts per million in the water samples from six of the wells. Two clastic-facies wells in Burke County contained 2.1 and 2.3 parts per million nitrite/nitrate. These concentrations are within the
3-24

range of previous measurements from wells in the same area. The new monitoring station in Jefferson County yielded water containing 7.1 parts per mi~lion nitrite/nitrate, the highest level yet measured from a Monitoring Network ~tation in the Jacksonian aquifer. Figure 3-15 summarizes trends in nitrite/nitrate levels for the Jacksonian aquifer.
3-25

...

1."1

.

I !' . \

-:L---,

I - .,. . .

-...

-

-.L

-

-

\....:...--Il..--..
ot'

.... _

1 _,.. 1

-~l
-

-

. I
,

- I
a

o Manqanese concentrations exceed drinking-water limits
~ Nitrite/nitrate concentrations exceed 0.45 parts per million Soft water Moderately har.d water Hard water Very hard ~1Jgf General recharge area (from Davis, et al. , 1988) ---Facies boundary (from Vincent, 1982)
Figure 3-14. - Water quality of the Jacksonian aquifer system.

3-26

I I I - 8~========~-----------r========~~

* = average of 2 sample

MIXImun Contamlrw1t Levell

IWen ID

7------- -------

-----

for Nltrfte/Nflnlte = 10 mgN/L
- - - -- ...

J1

~

6-'---------------------------------------------

J1B

=a, J j ~ 5 ------------------------------------------------------------ -J--2"*A

E..

.. r..:.:.:.a..

('t)
0z 4+----------------------------'---------------------------------11 J4

w

od
8

3 * -'------------------------------~

I N

z

-.J

2~-- ---- - "-------'-'- -------- ---- - ---------

-----------

~
J7
* - JB

11--------------------------- ---:-----------------

ol1984

:
1985

~
1986

:1987

~1988

*
1989

Calendar Year

Figure 3-15. - Nitrite/nitrate concentrations in selected wells in the Jacksonian aquifer.

PLORI:DU AQUIPBR SYSTBX
The Floridan aquifer system, formerly known as the Principal Artesian aquifer system, consists of Eocene and Oligocene limestones and dolostones that underlie most of the Coastal Plain Province (Figure 3-l). Other units are included locally in the aquifer. The aquifer is a major source of ground water for much of its outcrop area and throughout its down-dip extent to the south and east.
Floridan aquifer system carbonates form a single permeable zone in up-dip areas. There are two permeable zones in down-dip areas (Miller, 1986). The upper water-bearing units of the Floridan are the Eocene Ocala Group and the Oligocene Suwannee Limestone (Crews and Huddlestun, 1984). These limestones crop out in the Dougherty Plain (a karstic area in southwestern Georgia) and in adjacent areas along strike to the northeast (Figure 3-16). In Camden and Wayne Counties, the Oligocene unit is absent, and the upper part of the Floridan is restricted to units of Eocene age (Clarke et al., 1990). The lower portion of the Floridan, which consists of dolomitic limestone of middle and lower Eocene age and pelletal, vuggy, dolomitic limestone of Paleocene age, is deeply buried and not widely used, except in several municipal and industrial wells in the Savannah area (Clarke et al., 1990). From its up-dip limit, defined in the east by clays of the Barnwell Group, the aquifer thickens to well over 700 feet in coastal Georgia. A dense limestone facies along the trend of the Gulf Trough locally limits ground-water quality and availability (Kellam and Gorday, 1990). The Gulf Trough is a linear depositional feature in the Ocala Group that extends from southwestern Decatur county through central Bulloch County.
A ground-water divide separates a southwestward flow system in the Floridan aquifer in the Dougherty Plain from the Floridan aquifer system's major southeastward flow system in the remainder of Georgia. Rainfall infiltration in outcrop areas and leakage from extensive surficial aquifers provides recharge to the Dougherty Plain flow system (Hayes, et al., 1983). The main body of the Floridan aquifer system, to the east, is recharged by leakaqe from the Jacksonian aquifer system and by rainfall infiltration in outcrop areas and in areas where overlyinq
3-28

strata are thin. Significant recharge also occurs in the Brooks-EcholaLowndes counties area where the Withlacoochee River and numerous sinkholes breach upper confining beds (Krause, 1979).
Ground-water samples were collected from 54 wells completed in the Floridan aquifer system. Six wells that are located in recharge areas of the Floridan were sampled for the first time in 1989. All of the water samples were neutral to basic and moderately hard to very hard. Iron and manganese exceeded drinking-water limits in water from only six wells. Trends in iron and manganese levels in selected wells screened in the Floridan aquifer are shown in Figures 3-17 and 3-18. Aluminum, barium, bismuth, cobalt, gold, molybdenum, strontium, tin, vanadium and zinc were other common trace metals, with copper, silver and titanium occurring less frequently. Barium levels in water samples from a well in Fitzgerald, Ben Hill County, exceeded the drinking-water maximum. Silver was detected above the Primary Maximum Contaminant Level in an outcroparea well in Burke County.
Chloride and sulfate concentrations in the water samples commonly were below 10 parts per million. Chloride and sulfate levels were highest (90.2 and 168.1 parts per million, respectively) in water from a Brunswick, Glynn County monitoring well. Concentrations of sulfate were highest (49 to 168.1 parts per million) in water samples from the Glynn County well and in fourteen wells located within and south of the Gulf Trough.
Most of the water samples collected from the recharge area of the Floridan aquifer contained detectable amounts of nitrite/nitrate. Levels
of nitrite/nitrate in this area ranged from o. 08 to 6. 06 parts per
million. Nitrite/nitrate was also detected in two wells located in the up-dip, confined portion of the aquifer. One of these wells, located in Bulloch county, yielded water containing 6.0 parts per million nitrite/nitrate. When previously sampled in 1988, water from this well contained only 0.03 parts per million nitrite/nitrate. Most of the wells in the down-dip, confined portion of the Floridan aquifer did not contain detectable levels of nitrite/nitrate. Trends in nitrite/nitrate
3-29

levels in selected wells in the Floridan Aquifer are presented in Figures 3-l9a and b.
organic compounds were detected in water samples from three wells screened in the Floridan Aquifer. Bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate was detected in two wells located in Chatham and Lowndes Counties. Samples from these wells contained 127 and . 38.6 parts per billion bis (2ethylhexyl) phthalate, respectively. This compound is a common component of lubricating oils, frequently used in pumps. It is possible that this contamination may be coming from the lubricants used on the pump, and therefore may not actually be present in the aquifer itself. Water from a shallow monitoring well in Albany, Dougherty county, continued to contain traces of volatile organic compounds. Tetrachloroethylene was detected in a sample from this well at a level of 1.5 parts per billion (Ficgure 3-8).
3-30

.tG

c

10

D Iron concentrations exceed drinking-water limits
o Manganese concentrations exceed drinking-water limits
~Nitrite/nitrate concentrations exceed 0.45 parts per million Moderately hard water Hard water Very hard water ~~General recharge area (from Davis, et al., 1988)

Figure 3-16. - Water quality of the Floridan aquifer system. 3-31

I 2soo II ~;;:-;:,;::.._~

2000+----------- -

__.

.......
C)

150Q.J-- -- --- - ----~---

-::J
'G)

LL

w

-"c"""'
E

1000-----------

' w
N

500----..-------

~~;~;'Ao*l

PA9B

P*A9C

EJ
PA15

----\>---------------------

W, ---o
PA37

*PA48

o I

!!' ??&::C IJ"

~ ='I

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

Calendar Year

Finnr,r:a ~-17. - Trn"' ...f' ........................... _ . .1- - - " __.._ _ _. ~- " -

1::l-----~~--------+~ -..ea:.~u ~ ;!~:

Mang.,.e tM1 SJ to'L

80-1---------------------------- ---- ...... .. ---

~ +

..J

PA34

0; 70-~-------------
-::::J
..c......

---------- -..--...------------------ *

.~........
Q)

50~--------\--- -------------~......~------ -

Tl~48 --- . . .. .

0

cCcuD

w wwI

Cccu)

30-~---------------

~

1 0 -- ---------------- --\--t/----------,c------------~

0 I
1984

[j]
1985

:t
1988

I
1987

~

1988

1989

Calendar Year

Figure 3-18. - Manganese concentrations in selected wells in the Floridan aquifer.

5.5 = average of 2 SIII1Piel
5 = _+ average of 3 samples -----

-------A-

4.5-------..---------------------

I I N~~Hrate PAa7 Maxlmun Contar1*1ant Level

. for

=tO mgN/L

WilD #

PA41

~ 4-1---
t

----- - -

P*A42

E

w

0C1i 3.5~------- ------- -------

+

z

3~-------------------

od

~

/ t }I(>

I

*

\\--------------1 3

*

~LI PA43

P*A47

wI

z

*PA48

. 1.51---~----- ---------- ~........:::: ~

1
1984

1985

-

1986

1987

Calendar Year

1988

1989

.Fiqure J-19a. -Nitrite/nitrate concentrations in selected wells in the Floridan aquifer.

1.6 I I

I

= average of 2 sanplet

= average of 3 sanples
1.4J......................-.... . -- -

:::;;Al(:

)IE .v.v.e-1ID # I PA24

f

1.2;.--.......- ...- .--..r - - -
_.
zC) 1~...........___________......,..

PA25
P*A26

E

('I)
0z 0.8

--------------------

E3
PA27

w
wcI.n

od
~ z

.0 6 J ........,_:.................---_.,.._._

0.4------------------~~--

------- P*A40



PA46A

0.21"1 Mulmum Contaminant Level--..-
for Nttrtte/Nitrate = 10 mgN/l

0+-----~~----~------~------~----~

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

Calendar Year

Figure J-19b. - Nitrite/nitrate concentrations in selected wells in the Floridan aquifer (continued).

MIOCENE AQUIPBR SYSTZM
Much of south-central and southeastern Georgia lies within outcrop areas of the Miocene ~tamaha Formation and Hawthorne Group (Figure 3-8). Discontinuous lens-shaped bodies of sand, 50 to 80 feet thick, are the main permeable units. Miocene clays and sandy clays are thickest, more than 500 feet, in Wayne County (Watson, 1982).
Areas of confinement exist along the coast and locally in Grady, Thomas; Brooks and Lowndes Counties. Leakage from overlying surface aquifers into the Miocene aquifer system and, in some areas, from the underlying Floridan aquifer system is significant in the coastal counties (Watson, 1982). Two principal aquifer units are present in the coastal area (Joiner, et al., 1988). Clarke et al. (1990) use the names upper and lower Brunswick aquifers to refer to these two sandy aquifer units.
Water quality of the Miocene aquifer system was monitored in fifteen wells, eleven of which were first sampled in 1989. Water samples varied from acidic to basic, with pH values ranging between 4.3 to 8.1 (standard pH units). Most of the water samples were soft to moderately hard, but wells in Brooks, Glynn and Screven counties yielded hard water. Water samples from six wells in Bulloch, Colquitt, Cook, screven and Thomas Counties contained iron at concentrations in excess of acceptable drinking water limits (Figure 3-21). Manganese was detected above Secondary Maximum Contaminant Levels in water from four wells in Appling, Bulloch, Coffee and Screven counties (Figure 3-22). Aluminum, barium, strontium, titanium, zinc and the major alkali metals were other commonly detected cations in the Miocene aquifer system water samples. Bismuth, Copper, and tin were less commonly detected trace metals.
Chloride levels were less than 25 parts per million in all of the samples analyzed. The highest chloride levels (over 20 parts per million) were recorded from stations in Colquitt, Glynn and Thomas counties. Sulfate levels were highest (38.9 parts per million) in a Glynn County well, but were 4 parts per million or less in all of the
other wells. Detectable levels of nitrite/nitrate, ranging from o.os to
3-36

14.70 parts per million, were found in eight of the fifteen wells sampled. ~1 eight of these wells were sampled for the first time in 1989. A residential well in Bulloch County contained 14. 7 parts per million of nitrite/nitrate. This is the first Monitoring Network well to exceed drinking water limits for nitrite/ nitrate (Figure 3-23).
3-37

0 Iron concentrations exceed drinking-water limits
o Manganese concentrations exceed drinking-water limits
0 Iron and manganese concentrations exceed drinking-water limits ~ Nitrite/nitrate concentrations exceed 0.45 parts per million Soft water Moderately hard water Hard water
Figure 3-20. - Water quality of the Miocene aquifer system.
3-38

I I 2500

Mfomr Inronm(FQe)H M3DMlG-lLov*

Iwe-alD# I Ml1

2-oooJ-------------------------

..- - - - - - - - - ---'

---11 f
Ml4

..J

"'-..
0)

1500-1--------------------------------------------- - - -

M*IS

::J..

a

'G)
L...L...

Ml9

w w I
\D

-e1:

1 000-"---------- ---------- ~ --- --- --- -------

~
Ml11

Ml13

500 -"------ -----------------------------------------

01
1984


1985


1986

I
1987

Calendar Year

.,.
1988

I
1989

Figure 3-21. - Iron concentrations in selected wells in the Miocene aquifer.

2so1j-F~~_~~._~~..-_:~..~,u-o~l~l ~~~-~b~1~-------------------------------------I-W-o~i~iD-#-I Ml1

200-t--...............-----------------------------------.---------------.-----11 -M+l4

..J

C;
-:::J
c 150-'"--..--..--. -----..------------ ----..--------.......___.._,_____________

M*IS

~

e

~

Q)

MIS

fJ)

.w
I

* caQs) , .. oo.-~ ------. -----------..-- -.
cCas)

---------------------------------

Ml13

0

~

50-----..---------

0+-------~------~------~------~-------~

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

Calendar Year

Figure 3-22. - Manganese concentrations in selected wells in the Miocana anui_f'Ar.

= average of 2 samples

Maxfnun Contarrinant Level

U = Undetected
14-1-

---------- -

for Nltrtte/Nitrate = 10 mgN/L
-------------- ----

.Ml2

_. 12-~--------------------------------------------------

MIS

z

*

0) 10---------------------- - - - - - - -----------------

Ml6

E

8

8 z

8 -1------------- ------------------ -------------------,---------------------- Ml7

olS

.w
I
....

~ z

6----------------- --------

4..J- ---------- --------------------------



*Ml10

Ml15

2

01
1984


1985

I
1986

I
1987

Calendar Year


1988

lll
1989

Figure 3-23. - Nitrite/nitrate concentrations in selected wells in the Miocene aquifer.

PIBDMONT/BLUB R%DGB ONCOHPINBD AQUIPBRS
Georgia's Piedmont and Blue Ridge Physiographic Provinces are developed on metamorphic and igneous rocks that are predominately Precambrian and Paleozoic in age. Soil and saprolite horizons, compositional layers and openings along fractures and joints in the rockS are the major water-bearing features. Fracture density and interconnection provide the primary controls on the rate of flow of water into wells completed in crystalline rocks. The permeability and thickness of soils and shallow saprolite horizons determine the amount of discharge that can be sustained.
Ground-water samples were collected from seventeen wells in the Piedmont Province and four wells in the Blue Ridge Province (Figure 3-9). Water from wells in the crystalline-rock aquifers was generally non-corrosive and soft to moderately hard, although one Piedmont well in Jackson County yielded hard water. Iron and manganese levels exceeded drinking-water limits in water samples from eleven of the Piedmont wells and two of the Blue Ridge wells (Figures 3-25a and b, 3-26a and b, 3-27 and 3-28). Aluminum, barium, bismuth, strontium and zinc were common trace metal constituents. Less commonly detected trace metals included antimony, cobalt, gold, molybdenum, nickel, silver, thallium, tin, titanium, vanadium and zirconium. A Piedmont well in Riverdale, Clayton County, exceeded Secondary Maximum Contaminant Levels for silver. Analysis of a water sample taken from a Franklin County (Piedmont) well detected thallium (a highly toxic metal) at a level of 94 parts per billion. The same sample also contained 30,000 parts per billion iron. Because excessive amounts of iron in a sample can result in spurious estimates of thallium content, this analysis for thallium may not be valid. Subsequent water samples collected from this well have not contained detectable levels of thallium.
Chloride and sulfate concentrations in the water samples were typically below 20 parts per million. Nitrite/nitrate was present in water from five of the wells (Figure 3-29). Four of these wells yielded
:
water with nitrite/nitrate levels greater than 0.45 parts per million. The highest concentration measured was 3.2 parts per million. For most
3-42

monitoring stations, nitrite/nitrate concentrations monitored in 1989 were approximately the same as levels reported in samples collected during 1988 from the same wells. One Blue Ridge well showed an increase . in nitritejnitrate from below detection limits in 1988 to 1.9 parts per million in 1989.
Traces of volatile organic compounds continued to be detected in samples from wells in Fulton and Rockdale Counties. Water samples collected in April and october of 1989 from a monitoring well at Fort McPherson, Fulton County, contained ethylbenzene and P, M, and o xylenes. Other organic compounds, including trimethyl benzene, ethylmethyl benzene, 1, 2 dichloropropane and toluene, were detected from the same well in October, but were not detected in April. An unused well in Conyers, Rockdale county, yielded water containing tetrachloroethylene at a concentration of 7.8 parts per billion (Figure 3-8) and 1.6 parts per billion trichloroethylene.
3-43

...
0 Iron concentrations exceed drinking-water limits 0 Manganese concentrations exceed drinking-water limits 0 Iron and manganese concentrations exceed drinking-water limits ~ Nitrite/nitrate concentrations exceed 0.45 parts per million Soft water Moderately hard water Hard water
Figure 3-24. - Water quality of the Piedmont/Blue Ridge unconfined aquifers.
3-44

3QQO

j-~LM I forhlnfe) -~~

2500-1-------...----...--------- ' --------------

1 WilD# 1
P1

P2

..J 2000......-------------------------------------
0;

P*9

:J..

8

'0)
l..L....,

15oor---------......--------~ --------------)=(-------.r---------------------------~l P11

.w
I

c.0.. 1ooa..............................................................--------------------- - ----

"'

-*P13

P15A

500i---------------------------------------------- ::::::;::::;a-

0 I

,c:::=

I

~.

~

rp

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

Calendar Year

Figure 3-25a. - Iron concentrations in selected wells in the Piedmont aquifer.

I I 111 ;;DI u:~:m-:.._~ 30rr=======~----------------------~

25 -1----..,...........................- ...........-------..---------------..---.......- ....- ........,_,_________+--~

f
P4B

w .eI .
0\

* 20-t --...................... .....................___,.,_,__________.,,. ____________.................______.........--. ----f--

._...J_
C)
:J
..-.u.........
-ce

0
"ca'0s:
0
:J
.0c 1:::,

P10
8
15-J-........ ..- ................. .. _. _____. ___________ . ~-~,....--.- ...-... .......- . .......... .I----. --f I P1 OA
~
10.............. . ................................-.......--....................--------------- -----------------------.---- --- P16

P16C

5 """''"'"''''"''''----- -. -..............______.......- -..

ol

:

:

~~ ~

I

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

Calendar Year

Figure J-25b. - Iron concentrations in selected wells in the Piedmont aquifer (continued).

1200JL~~~1-~ ;~ID# 1400w=~======~~--~-------------------

II

I

----------.................

----

I

_. ..._
C)

1OOOi------------...-------------------------~-

::J

P48
------'---t-----------4
*

-c
:..:..!....

P9 800-~---------..------- ----------------------------------------- e

G)

P10A

w
I
~

~
cas cCas) ::!

6 0 0 . . .-- -----------------------------------------------------------

400-1------- - -

--------------------

M
P16

P16C

200 ~uuuuouuu-u------------------ ~

~

OT-------.------.------~------~------~

1984

1985

1986

1987 . 1988

1989

Calendar Year

Figure 3-26a. - Manganese concentrations in selected wells in the Piedmont aquifer.

go,i _.___l I 100~----~M==::=-,=::=:=~~=.t=ar=~------------~-------.I ,.....w1--IID-#-

.........

._.. .

-----7~ = ~ - ----::.....-..::::::: P1 B

_. . 80~-------- .--

/ ------->< :;r---- _~-:::::::=.... -=::::::::: )( --------i~~I P2

........
.. , C)
:::J 70 r....--:.-----..-------
c

---....-------------------------------------------f----11 P,~ 3.-

::E 60-----------------------------------------------

e

"C""D"'

P6A

w
'CD

0
cCaDs:

50-1-------------------------------------.-.. ~

C)

M
P13

cas: ::E

, II P15A 40-+-----..------

30 --------------------L~-------- ---~ -1....

/---~---~

-.---'---~---------------------------

20...................- ......................------------................____............................._..........- ......................._____,.........................................

10~----~~------~------~------.-----~

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

Calendar Year

Figure J-26b. - Manganese concentrations in selected wells in the Piedmont aquifer (continued).

5000J l -,.,~...,I-F.,l- ad 4500:

300 ...._

+
: --------

----------"""'--------

II I W;IID#
---- BR1 .

4ooo ...................... ----------------------------

- --------.....----------------- BR2

35QQ-1-----------------------------------------------------------

-

---------

.w.
"

...J
0; 3000----------------------------------------------------

BR2B

..:::J

8

Ci> 2500-+----------------------------:______
L_.L...

------------------------t I BR3

.w
I

* c:
~

20001------------------..-----------..-----------------------------------..--t I VR3

'D

* 1500....-------------------------------------------------------------............................______,,

1000---..-----..----..---------"..-- .

_____________,,....________, ___________, _______'~ VR4

5001........................................- -...................................~-----------------------------

1985

1986

1987

Calendar Year

1988

1989

Figure 3-27. - Iron concentrations in selected wells and springs in the Blue Ridge and Valley & Ridge aquifers.

350

Mllldnun Conlarr*l.m Level fur M51g~nt1e (MrO 9J ugll.

300+----------------------------------------4--lr---

1wen1o .... BR1

._....J....
C)

250-4----------------------------------------------/--------\---

:::s..

c

BR2
I
*
BR3

.~......... 200-.------------------~------------------------t------------

E3

Q)

VR2

(/)

w
I 01 0

Q)
cas

150----------------------------------------------------------

C)

cas
~

1oo-~---------------------""~~------

~
VR4

0+-------~------~----~~----~------~

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

Calendar Year

Figure

J-28.

-

Man
...... ..:.

ganese c
-, 1 ........

o
r..

ncentr
D .a A~--

a-t_i.o. .. n.a

s in
#,...,...

selected

wells

in the Blue Ridge

4 3.5--.

11Y8r11Qtt fi 2elmpln .. - IMif1lg8 d 3 nmplee
u-~

.......,=<:

Maximum Contarmant level for Nitrite/Nitrate= 10 mgN/L
--~-----------------------

-w--e.iiD :s BR4

...

3-1-----------------------------l-----------------------------

---- ----- P2

z...J
~ 2.5;----------------------------r----------

-----------------------------

P*4B

..
8 z

- 2 ;. --------------1---------------------------------~---------------------------

8
P12

~

~

w
I U'l
~

C\1 1.5-1--------------------.,<.------------- -
0 z

-------- - - - - - -----------

,r I P14

1

;:::-=---r 0.5i-----------------------x . -- .

=------~*----------- -----\;----~---1~------*

~

(

1

0+-------~------~------~------~~----~

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

Calendar Year

Figure 3-29. - Nitrite/nitrate concentrations in selected wells in the Piedmont and Blue Ridge aquifers.

VALLEY AND RZDGB ONCOIO'IDD AQUIJIBRS
Soil and residuum form low-yield unconfined aquifers across most of the Valley and Ridge Province of northwestern Georgia. Valley bottom outcrops of dolostones and limestones of the Cambro-ordovician Knox Group are the locations of most higher-yielding wells and springs that are suitable for municipal supplies.
Water quality in the Valley and Ridge unconfined aquifers was monitored in five wells and three springs located across the Province (Figure 3-30). Three of these wells and all three springs produced water from Knox Group carbonates. The other wells represent water quality in the Ordovician Chickamauga Group of Walker County and the Cambrian Shady Dolomite of Bartow County. Water from the Valley and Ridge monitoring stations was typically basic and moderately hard to very hard. Iron and manganese concentrations were below drinking-water limits in all of the water samples analyzed. Barium, bismuth, strontium and tin were the most common trace metal constituents.
Chloride and sulfate concentrations were typically less than five parts per million. A water sample from a well in Walker County contained 12.2 parts per million chloride and 66 parts per million sulfate. Detectable levels of nitrite/nitrate were present in all but one of the water samples. Concentrations ranged from 0.30 to 2.80 parts per million in water from eight of the wells and springs. The nitritejnitrate levels measured in 1989 were generally within previously established ranges for water from these monitoring stations. Four of the stations showed moderate decreases in nitrite/nitrate levels since 1988, while two stations showed slight to moderate increases over the same period.
3-52

...
~ Nitrite/nitrate concentrations exceed 0.45 parts per million Moderately hard water Hard water Very hard water
Fiqure 3-30. - Water quality of the Valley and Ridge unconfined aquifer. 3-53

r:= .--.of 1~--------------~--~-r====~~~~

2 -;.m,..l

Maxlmt.m Contari1ant Level

0.9+

--

----

.

for Nllritt/Nitrate = 10 mgN/L

v~

...

0.8-1-------------

-------- /

VA3

~

.=:::a!., 0.7,----------

VA6

E

~

~

E3

z0 0.8+-----------~-..------------- ----

VR7

..w
I Ul

s ~ 0.5-'----------
z

--------------------------------------

o.4i. ----------~----------------------a--..-----~--------s

0.3...-------------------- -------------------------

0.2+----oor--------.-----r--------,:----~

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

Calendar Year

Figure 3-Jla. - Nitrite/nitrate concentrations in selected wells and springs in the Valley ~~A O~Ana A~-~~a

7
6---------------------------

Maxlml.m ContsNw1t Level for Nltrtte/Nitrate = 10 mgN/L

-I WeJ.:D ...
.VR1

VAS

z vAs _J 5--------------------------------------------------------------- ~
C)

~ 4--------------------------------..-----------..------------ 8

('1)

0 z

VA9

~ 3-l----------------------------.,..,..,----.--------------

w

C\1

I 0'1 0'1

0z 2 ~..........................:._______............_____, --------------------------. --....................___

1i .......- ....................- .........&..iJt

-- ...... ~
~

0+-------~------~------~------~------~

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

Calendar Year

Figure 3-Jlb. - Nitrite/nitrate concentrations in selected wells in the Valley

and Ridge aquifer (continued).



SUMMaRY AND CORCLUSIORS
Bydrogeoloqists collected 167 water samples for analysis from 137 wells and three springs for the Ground-Water Monitoring Network in 1989. These wells and springs represent the ten major aquifer systems of the State:
Cretaceous aquifer system, Providence aquifer system, Clayton aquifer system, Claiborne aquifer system, Jacksonian aquifer system, Floridan aquifer system, Miocene aquifer system, Piedmont unconfined aquifer, Blue Ridge unconfined aquifer and Valley and Ridge unconfined aquifers.
Analyses of water samples collected in 1989 were compared with analyses for the Ground-Water Monitoring Network dating back to 1984, permitting the recognition of temporal trends. Tables 4-1a through 4-1c list the major contaminant~ and pollutants that were detected at stations of the Ground-Water Monitoring Network during 1989. Although isolated ground-water quality problems were documented during 1989 at specific localities, the quality of water from the majority of the Ground-Water Monitoring Network stations remains excellent.
An increasing occurrence of detectable levels of nitrite/nitrate in samples collected from some monitoring stations is the only apparent adverse trend in ground-water quality in Georgia. Few wells or springs yielded water samples in 1989 with nitrite/nitrate concentrations that exceeded previously established ranges. Samples from Coastal Plain aquifers with the highest nitrite/nitrate levels were, in most cases, from wells in outcrop areas. The first occurrence of nitrite/nitrate levels greater than the Primary Maximum Contaminant Level of 10 parts per million nitrogen was recorded from a domestic well in the Miocene aquifer. Because this well had not been sampled prior to 1989, it is not yet possible to determine if the nitrite/nitrate level is increasing or decreasing at this station.
4-1

Spatial and temporal limitations of the Ground-Water Monitoring Network preclude the identification of the exact sources of the increasing levels of nitrogen compounds in some of Georgia's ground. water. Nitrite/nitrate originates in ground water from direct sources and through oxidation of other forms of dissolved nitrogen. Some nitrite/nitrate may come from natural sources, and some may be man-made. The most common sources of man-made dissolved nitrogen are septic systems, agricultural wastes and fertilizers (Freeze and Cherry, 1979). Dissolved nitrogen is also present in rainwater, derived from terrestrial vegetation and volatilization of fertilizers (Drever, 1988). The conversion of other nitrogen species to nitrate occurs in aerobic environments (i.e. recharge areas). Anaerobic conditions, as are commonly developed along the flow path of ground water, foster the denitrification process. However, this process is inhibited by the lack of denitrifying bacteria in ground water (Freeze and Cherry, 1979).
Iron and manganese were the most commonly detected metals in the samples analyzed. Although minor increases or dec~eases in levels of iron and manganese were noted for some stations, no long-term trends in concentrations of these metals were documented for the majority of the wells and springs sampled.
The presence of organic compounds was again documented in water from a few of the wells sampled. Because of the sporadic nature of the occurrence of organic compounds in most of these wells, spatial and temporal trends in levels of organic pollutants cannot be defined at this time.
4-2

Table 4-1a. - Contaminants and pollutants detected during 1989 in stations of the Ground-Water Monitorincr Network, bv aquifer

Aquifer

Well ID, 'Parameter. and detected value

cretaceous

GWN-K9 GWN-K10

Iron -= 740 ug/L NO.,/NO~ 0. 98 & 0. 8 mqN/L

Providence

GWN-PD1
GWN-PD2A GWN-PD4A

Iron 1,600 ug/L
NTOet/NraOc~or0o.e4t7hymlgeNn/eL = 2.0 uq/L

Clayton Claiborne

GWN-CT1 GWN-CT6B
GWN-CL1 GWN-CL2
GWN-CL3 GWN-CL4
GWN-CL5

Iron 590 ug/L Iron 4,100 ug/L
Mancranese = 100 ucr/L

Iron = 350 ug/L

N02/N~-= 7. 9 mgN/L Dines 0.45 ug/L

Iron -= 1,200 ug/L
Manganese = 62 ug/L

MN0a2n/ Ng a0n3 e-s=e

3. -=

5 mgN/L 450 ug/L

NO.,jNO~ 7. 6 mqN/L

Jacksonian

. GWN-J1B GWN-J3 GWN-J7 GWN-J8

MN0a2n/Nga0n3 ese 2=. 113m0gNu/gL/L

MN0a2n/ Ng a0n3 es e

2.

3 mgN/L 72 ug/L

= NSOi rv'Ne0r3

7 .1 mgN/L 62 uq}L

Floridan
(Principal Artesian)

GWN-PA2A
GWN-PA9B GWN-PA14 GWN-PA18 GWN-PA21
GWN-PA24 GWN-PA25 GWN-PA26 GWN-PA33 GWN-PA37
GWN-PA40 GWN-PA41
GWN-PA42 GWN-PA43

Bis (2-Ethylhexyl)-

phthalate 127

Iron 1,200 ug/L

MN0a2n/Nga0n3


es

e

6.

0 5

mgN/L 6 ug/L

Bis (2-Ethylhexyl)-

phthalate = 38.6

NNNB000a222r///iNNNum000333

=

=

1. 2 & 1.2 & 1.8 &
2,500

1. 3 mgN/L 1.2 mgN/L 1.4 mgN/L
ug/L

Iron -= 4oo ug/L

TNNNO00e22t///rNNNa000c333h


-=
=
lo

1. 7 0. 9
2.0 roet

mgN/L & 1. 27 mgN/L & 2.8 mgN/L
hylene = 1.5

ug/L

NNo0:2//NNO0~3

-= =

2. 71 & 3. 5 mgN/L 1. 3 & 1. 4 mqN/L

Metals are reported only when detected at levels above the max2mum

contaminant level. Nitrite/nitrate mgN/L are not reported. Two values

i(nNdO2?c/Na0t3e)

levels less two sampling

than 0.45 dates.

4-3

Table 4-lb. - Contaminants and pollutants detected during 1989 in stations of the Ground-Water Monitoring Network, by ~quifer (contd.)

Aquifer

Well ID, parameter, and detected value *

Floridan (Principal Artesian), continued

GWN-PA46A GWN-PA47 GWN-PA48
GWN-PA50 GWN-PA51 GWN-PAS2 GWN-PA53 GWN-PA5S

NNIr00o22//nNN00=33

1.13 mgN/L = 1.29 & 6.06 680 ug/L

mgN/L

= NNNSNNi0000O~2222z////v/NNNNNe00000r33333



1.49 & 1.9 mgN/L 0. 74 mgN/L 1. 7 mgN/L 3. 4 mgN/L
3. 7 mgN/L 64 ugLL

Miocene

GWN-MI1 GWN-MI4
GWN-MIS
GWN-MI6
GWN-MI7 GWN-MI8 GWN-MI9
GWN-MI10 GWN-MI11
GWN-MI13
GWN-MI15

Iron 400 &300 ug/L

MIraonngane4s1e0=u1g1/L0 ug/L

Manganese = 170 ug/L

= MN0a2n/Nga0n3 es

e

6

.

2 mgN/L 62 ug/L

= NNIr00o22//nNN0033

7. 8 mgN/L c 6. 4 mgN/L 730 ug/L

Iron 1,300 ug/L

NNIr00o22//nNN0033

2. 8 mgN/L 8. 2 mgN/L
soo ug/L

NIr0o2/nN03

0.86 mgN/L 2,400 ug/L

MN{_0Oa2n/VNgera0n3Me=CseL)14

220 ug/L . 7 mgN/L

Piedmont

GWN-P1B

Iron 2,500 ug/L

Manganese 59 ug/L

GWN-P2

Iron 1,500 ug/L

Manganese 86 ug/L

NSi02~/vNe0r3




1.1 mgN/L 52 ug/L

GWN-P3

Iron 980 & 6,300 ug/L

Manganese 62 ug/L

Ethylbenzene 1 & 1.3 ug/L
p, m & o Xylenes = 2 & 7.4 ug/L

Trimethyl benzene = 2 ug/L

TEothluyelmneet=hy5l .9beungze/Lne
1,2 Dichloropropane


=

2 ug/L 1.7 ug/L

* Metals are reported only when detected at levels above the max~mum

contaminant level. Nitrite/nitrate (NO~/N03 ) levels less than 0.45 mgN/L are not reported. Two values ind1cate two sampling dates.

4-4

Table 4-1c. - contaminants and pollutants detected during 1989 in stations of the Ground-Water Monitoring Network, by aquifer (cont'd.)

Aguifer

Well ID, parameter, and detected value *

Piedmont (continued)

GWN-P4B GWN-P6A GWN-P9 GWN-P10A
GWN-P12 GWN-P13
GWN-P15A GWN-P16C

Iron - 6,300 ug/L

MN0a2n/Nga0n3 ese

0.

4 7 86

mgN/L ug/L

Iron 2,000 ug/L

Manganese 260 ug/L

Iron 30,000 ug/L

MThaanlglaiunemse=

760 ug 94 ug/L

/L (No

MCL

established for thallium)

NIr0o2/nN0=3

3. 2 mgN/L 440 ug/L

MTraincghalnoersoeethy78lenueg/L=
Tetrachloroethylene

=1.67

.

u 8

g/L ug/L

Iron 480 & 480 ug/L

MIraonnga=ne3s,e50 08u6g&/L88 ug/L

Manganese 110 ug/L

Blue Ridge

GWN-BR1 GWN-BR2B GWN-BR4

Manganese 63 ug/L Iron 300 ug/L NO.,/NO-t 1. 9 mgN/L

Valley and Ridge

GWN-VR3 GWN-VRS GWN-VR8 GWN-VR9

NNNNO000;222////NNNNO000~333






0. 5 mgN/L 2. 8 mgN/L 1. 9 mgN/L 1. 0 mgN/L

* Metals are reported only when detected at levels above the maximum

contaminant level. Nitrite/nitrate mgN/L are not reported. Two values

i(nNd012/cNa0t3e)

levels less two sampling

than 0.45 dates.

4-5

REfERENCES CITED Brooks, R., Clarke, J.S., and Faye, R.E., 1985, Hydrogeology of the
Gordon Aquifer System of East-central Georgia: Georgia Geologic Survey Information Circular 75, 41 p. Clarke, J.S., Brooks, R., and Faye, R.E., 1985, Hydrogeology of the Dublin and Midville Aquifer systems of East-central Georgia: Georgia Geologic Survey Information Circular 74, 62 p. Clarke, J.S., Faye, R.E., and Brooks, R., 1983, Hydrogeology of the Providence Aquifer of Southwest Georgia: Georgia Geologic Survey Hydrologic Atlas 11, 5 pl. Clarke, J.s., Faye, R.E., and Brooks, R., 1984, Hydrogeology of the Clayton Aquifer of Southwest Georgia: Georgia Geologic Survey Hydrologic Atlas 13, 6 pl. Clarke, J.S., Hacke, C.M., and Peck, M.F., 1990, Geology and GroundWater Resources of the Coastal Area of Georgia: Georgia Geologic Survey Bulletin 113, 106 p., 12 pl. Crews, P.A., and HuddlEtstun, P.F., 1984, Geolo~Jic sections of the Principal Artesiatt Aquifer system, .in Arol::-a, R., editor, Hydrogeologic Evaluation for Underground JCnj ection Control in the Coastal Plain of G;eorgia: Georgia Geologic: survey Hydrologic Atlas 10, 41 pl. Davis, K.R., Donahue, J.C., Hutcheson, R.B., and Waldrop, D.L., 1988, Most Significant Ground-Water Recharge Areas of Georgia: Georgia Geologic survey Hydrologic Atlas 18, 1 pl. Drever, J.I., 1988, The Geochemistry of Natural Waters: Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 437 p. Environmental Protection Division, 1989, Rules for Safe Drinking water, Chapter 391-3-5, Revised June 1989, Georgia Department of Natural Resources 63 p. Freeze, R.A., and Cherry, J.A., 1979, Groundwater: Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 604 p. Hayes, L.R., Maslia, M.L., and Meeks, w.c., 1983, Hydrology and Model Evaluation of the Principal Artesian Aquifer, Dougherty Plain, Southwest Georgia: Georgia Geologic Survey Bulletin 97, 93 p. Hicks, o.w., Krause, R.E., and Clarke, J.s., 1981, Geohydrology of the Albany Area, Georgia: Georgia Geologic Survey Information Circular 57, 31 p. Joiner, C.N., Reynolds, M.S., Stayton, W.L., and Boucher, F.G., 1988, Ground-Water Data for Georgia, 1987: United States Geological survey Open-File Report 88-323, 172 p.
4-6

Kellam, M.F., and Gorday, L.L., 1990, Hydrogeology of the Gulf Trough Apalachicola Embayment Area, Georgia: Georgia Geologic Survey Bulletin 94, 74p.
Krause, R.E., 1979, Geohydrology of Brooks, Lowndes, and Western Echols counties, Georgia: United Statas Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations 78-117, 48 p.
Long, A. F., 1989, Hydrogeology of the Clayton and Claiborne Aquifer Systems: Georgia Geologic Survey Hydrologic Atlas 19, 6 pl.
McFadden, s.s., and Perriello, P.D., 1983, Hydrogeology of the Clayton and Claiborne Aquifers in southwestern Georgia: Georgia Geologic Survey Information Circular 55, 59 p.
Miller, J.A., 1986, Hydrogeologic Framework of the Floridan Aquifer System in Florida and Parts of Georgia, Alabama, and South Carolina: United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 1403B, 91 p.
Pollard, L.D., and Vorhis, R.C., 1980, The Geohydrology of the Cretaceous Aquifer System in Georgia: Georgia Geologic survey Hydrologic Atlas 3, 5 pl.
Sever, c.w., 1966, Reconnaissance of the Ground Water and Geology of
Thomas County, Georgia: Georgia Geologic Survey Information Circular 34, 14 p. Vincent, R.H., 1982, Geohydrology of the Jacksonian Aquifer in Central and East Central Georgia: Georgia Geologic Survey Hydrologic Atlas 8, 3 pl. Wait, R.L., 1960, Source and Quality of Ground Water in Southwestern Georgia: Georgia Geologic survey Information Circular 18, 74 p.
Watson, w., 1982, Aquifer Potential of the Shallow Sediments of the
Coastal Area of Georgia, in Arden, D.D., Beck, B.F., and Morrow,
E., Editors, Second Symposium on the Geology of the Southeastern Coastal Plain (March, 1979): Cieorgia Geologic survey Information Circular 53, pp. 183-194.
4-7

APPEBDXZ

UPBND:IX: ANALYSES OP SAMPLES COLLBCDD DUR:ING 1989
FOR THE GEORGIA GROUND-WATER MONITORING NETWORK

All water quality samples that are collected for the Georgia Ground-Water Monitoring Network are subjected to a Standard Analysis which includes tests for five 'indicator parameters, twelve common pesticides and industrial chemicals and thirty metals. Analyses for . additional parameters may be included for samples that are collected from an area where a possibility of ground-water pollution exists due to regional activities. These optional screens include tests for
agricultural chemicals, coal-tar creosote, phenols and anilines and volatile organic compounds (Tables A-1 through A-4). Because parameters
other than the five indicators and eight of the metals of the standard Analysis were detected very rarely, other parameters are listed in the appendix only when they were detected.

For this appendix, the following abbreviations are used:

SU

standard units

mg/L

= milligrams per liter (parts per million)

mgN/L

=milligrams per liter (parts per million), as

nitrogen

ug/L

= micrograms per liter (parts per billion) and

umhojcm = micromhos per centimeter

U

=less than (below detection limit). Where this

abbreviation is used for a figure that is a

calculated average, the average is below the

typical detection limit for the parameter

D

= for minimum values reported for a parameter,

indicates that the parameter was detected below

the usual detection limit (usually used when

the minimum would otherwise be below the

detection limit)

Underlined values listed for a parameter in the water quality data summaries indicates that the parameter was detected at levels above the Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) listed in the Rules for Safe Drinking Water. Values that are both underlined and enclosed in parentheses indicate detected pollutants for
which no MCL has been established.

A-1

Table A-~. - standard water-quality analysis: indicator parameters, organic Screens f2 and f4 and ICP metal screen

Parameter

Typical Detection

Limit I MCL *

Parameter

Typical
Limit I

DMeCteLct*ion

ICP SCBEEN. Cant.

pH Spec. Cond. Chloride Sulfate

(NA) SO
1.0 I NA umbo/em
0.1 I 250 mg/L 2 2.0 I 250 mg/L 2

Silver
Aluminum
Arsenic **
Gold

30 1 50 50 INA 10 1 5o 10 INA

UCJ/L 1 UCJ/L
UCJ/L 1 UCJ/L

Nitrite; nitrate

o. 02 I 10 mg/LN 1

Barium Beryllium

10 I 1000 UCJ/L 1 10 I NA UCJ/L

ORGANIC SCBEEH #2

Bismuth

30 INA UCJ/L

(Chlorinated Pesticides)

Dicofol

0.10 1 NA_ ug/L

Cadmium Cobalt

5.o 1 10 UCJ/L 1
10 INA Ug/L

Endrin

0.03 1 0.2 ug/L 1

Lindane

0.008 1 4.0 ugjL 1

Methoxychlor 0.30 1 100 UCJ/L 1

PCB's

0.60 I NA ugiL

Chromium Copper Iron Manganese

10 I so ugiL 1 20 I 1000 UCJIL 2 10 I 300 UCJ/L 2 10 I 50 Uc;J/L 2

Permethrin 0.30 1 NA ug/L

Molybdenum

10 I NA UCJ/L

Toxaphene 1.20 1 5.0 ug/L 1 QRGAHIC SCBEEN #4

Nickel Lead Antimony

20 I NA UCJ/L 25 I so ug/L 1 40 UCJ/L

(Phenoxy Herbicides)

2,4-D

5.2 I 100 UCJ/L 1

Selenium **
Tin

s I 10 ugiL 1
20 INA ug/L

Acifluorfen 0.2 1 NA ug/L

Strontium

10 INA UCJ/L

Chloramben 0.2 1 NA UCJ/L

Titanium

10 I NA UCJ/L

Silvex

0.1 I 10 ug/L 1

Trichlorfon 2.0 1 NA ug/L

Thallium vanadium

40 INA UCJIL 10 I NA Uc;J/L

ICP METAL SCBEEN

Yttrium

10 / NA ugiL

Calcium Magnesium

1.0 / NA mg/L 1.0 I NA mg/L

Zinc Zirconium

20 I 5000 ugiL 2 10 I NA UCJ/L

Sodium

1.0 I NA mg/L

llr* Analyzed by atomic absorption

graphite furnace

*PMoCtaLss=iuMmaximumsC.oonItaNmAinamntg/LLevel from the Georgia Rules for Safe

Drinkinq Water, established)

1989

( 1

Primary, 2

Secondary,

NA

no MCL

A-2

Table A-2. - Additional water-quality analyses: cyanide, mercury and Orqanic Screens #1, f3, #5 and f7

Parameter Cyanide

Typical Detection Limit
0.05 Uq/L

Parameter Mercury

Typical Detection Limit
0.2 I 2.0 u;VL *

Atrazine

H

Azodrin

I

Chlorpyrifos I

Dasanit

I

DCPA

H

Demeton

I

Diazinon

I

Dimethoate I

Di-syston

I

Eptam

H

Ethoprop

I

Fonophos

I

Guthion

I

Isopropalin H

QBGANJ;~ SCREEH iJ.

(Herbicides (H)/Insecticides (I))

0.30 uq/L

Malathion

I

1.00 Uq/L

Metolachlor H

0.80 uq/L

Metribuzin

H

0.60 uq/L

Mevinphos

H

0.01 uq/L

Parathion (E) I

1.00 Uq/L

Parathion (M) I

1.00 uq/L

Pebulate

H

0.50 uq/L

Pendimethalin H

1.00 uq/L

Phorate

I

0.50 uq/L

Profluralin H

0.50 uq/L

Simazine

H

0.50 uq/L

Sutan

H

2.00 uq/L

Trifluralin H

1.00 uq/L

Vernam

H

1.40 uq/L 1.00 uq/L 0.90 uq/L 1.40 uq/L 0.08 uq/L 0.10 uq/L 0.60 uq/L 0.80 uq/L 1.00 uq/L 0.90 uq/L 0.90 uq/L 0.70 uq/L 1.00 uq/L 0.50 uq/L

Dinoseb

QRGANJ;~ ~CREEl! iJ

0.10 uq/L

(Herbicide)

ORG6li:t~ ~CREEiH i~

(Herbicides (H)/Insecticides (I))

carbaryl

I 10.0 uq/L

Linuron

H 1.0 uq/L

carbofuran I 2.0 uq/L

Methomyl

I 3.0 uq/L

Diuron

H 1.0 Uq/L

Monuron

H 1.0 ug/L

Fluometuron H 1.0 ug/L

iZ QBGM:t~ ~CREEl!

EDB 1.0 uq/L

(fumigant, gasoline additive)

* Primary Maximum Contaminant Level for Mercury.

A-3

Table A-3. - Additional water-quality analyses: organic Screens #8 and #9

PArameter

ORGAHIC SCBEEN #8
(Extractable Organics: Coal-tar Creosote) Typical D~t~Qti2D Limit

Naphthalene

10 Ug/L

2-Cbloronaphthalene

10 ug/L

Acanaphthylene

10 Ug/L

Acanaphthene

10 ug/L

Fluorene

10 Ug/L

Phenanthrene

10 ug/L

Anthracene

10 ug/L

Fluoranthene

10 ug/L

Pyrena

10 ug/L

Benzo(A)Anthracene

10 ug/L

Benzo(B)Fluoranthene

10 ug/L

Benzo(K)Fluoranthene

10 ug/L

Benzo-A-Pyrene

10 ug/L

Indeno(1,2,3-CD)Pyrene

10 ug/L

Benzo(GHI)Perylene

10 ug/L

Parameter

QRGAHIC SCBEEH #9 (Extractable Organics: Phenols and Aniline)
Typical Detection Limit

Aniline

10 ug/L

2-Chlorophenol

10 ug/L

2-Nitrophenol

10 ug/L

Phenol

10 ug/L

2,4-Dimethylphenol

10 ug/L

2,4-Dichlorophenol

10 ug/L

2, 4, 6-Trichlorophenol

10 ug/L

Parachlorometa cresol

10 ug/L

2,4-Dinitrophenol

50 ug/L

4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol

50 ug/L

Pentachlorophenol

20 ug/L

4-Nitrophenol

50 ug/L

A-4

Table A-4. - Additional water-quality analyses: Organic Screen flO

Parameter Methylene chloride

OBGANIC SCREEN flO (Volatile organics)

Typical Detection Limit I Primary MCL 5 uqiL I NA

Trichlorofluoromethane

1 ugiL I NA

1,1-Dichloroethylene

1 ugiL I 7 uqiL

1,1-Dichloroethane

1 ugiL I 5 uqiL

1,2-Trans-dichloroethylene

Chloroform *

( * Indicates a tri-

Dichlorobromomethane * halomethane compound;

Chlorodibromomethane * MCL for total trihalo-

Bromoform *

methanes 100 uqiL)

1 uqiL INA
1 ugiL I *
1 ugiL I *
1 ugiL I * 1 ugiL I *

1,2-Dichloroethane

1 ugiL I NA

1,1,1-Trichloroethane

1 uqiL I 200 uqiL

Carbon tetrachloride

1 uqiL I 5 uqiL

1,2-Dichloropropane

1 uqiL I NA

Trans-1,3-dichloropropene

1 uqiL I NA

Trichloroethylene

1 uqiL I 5 uqiL

Benzene

1 uqiL I 5 uqiL

1,1,2-Trichloroethane

1 uqiL I NA

Cis-1,3-dichloropropene

1 ugiL I NA

1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane

1 ugiL I NA

Tetrachloroethylene

1 ugiL I NA

Toluene

1 ugiL I NA

Chlorobenzene

1 ugiL I NA

Ethylbenzene

1 ugiL I NA

Acetone

10 uqiL I NA

Methyl ethyl ketone

10 uqiL I NA

carbon disulfide

1 ugiL I NA

Vinyl chloride

10 uqiL I 2 ~9IL

Isopropyl acetate

1 ugiL I NA

2-Hexanone

1 ugiL I NA

Methyl isobutyl ketone

1 ugiL I NA

Styrene

1 ugiL I NA

Xylene (Total of o, m, and p-xylenes)

1 ugiL I NA

A-5

PARAMETER
UIIITS WELL IDI

VATER QUALITY FOR THE CRETACEOUS AQUIFER SYSTEM

pH Ca Mg

Na

IC

Fe Mn Cl S04 N02 Ba Sr Spec. Ott.r

U03

Cond. Par~~~~etert

su mg/l . mg/l

lllg/l

lllg/l

ug/l ug/l

mg/L

mg/L ~ngN/L

ug/L

Detected ug/L ..tro/aa ug/l

6WM-IC1

4.8 1.0 u 1.0 u 1.8 5.0 u 100

WEll NAME: Englehard ICaoltn Company 12, 6ordon

COUNTY: Wilkinson

DATE SAMPLED: 06/13/1989

10 u 2.2

2.0 u 0.40 10 u 10 u

24 Al29

M-IC2

4.5 1.3 l.OU 1.7

WEll NAME: Irwinton 12

COUNTY: Vtlk inson

DATE SAMPLED: 06/13/1989

5.0 u 29

10 u 1.8

3.5 0.17 10 u 10 u

27 Al 58

6WM-IC3

8.5 19.0 1.4 2.4 5.0 u 130 27 2.0 8.5 0.02 u 22 63

119

WELl NAME: Sandersville 178

COUNTY: Washington

DATE SAMPLED: 04/20/1989

,.,

6WM-l5

5.9 l.OU l.OU 1.4 5.0 u 20 u 20 u 2.0 u 2.0 u 0.02 u 10 u 10 u

WEll IIAME: Richmond County 1101, Augusta

17

I

COUIITY: Richmond

0\

DATE SAMPLED: 04/19/1989

6VNIC5

8.3 l.OU l.OU 1.3 2.0 u 20 u 10 u 1.4 2.0 u 0.40 10 u 10 u 14

WEll NAME: Richmond County 1101, Augusta

COUNTY: Richmond

DATE SAMPLED: 09/12/1989

6VIt-IC6A

5.8 4.2 1.0 u 3.4 . 5.0 u 20 u 10 u 2.8 4.2 0.02 u 15 58

WELL NAME: Huber Corporat ton 16

COUNTY: Twiggs

DATE SAMPLED: 06/15/1989

53 Zn 89

Other Screens Tested
10 1, 5, 10 8, 9, Hg 8, 9, Hg CN

VATER QUALITY FOR THE CRETACEOUS AQUIFER SYSTEM

PARAMETER

pH Ca Mg

Na

K

Fe Mn Cl S04 N02 Be Sr Spec. Other

Other

&N03

Cond. Parameters

Screens

Detected

Tested

UNITS su lllg/L mg/L mg/L lllg/L ug/L ug/L mg/L lllg/L mgN/L ug/L ug/L lllrho/aa ug/L

---V-E-L-L---ID--I-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

6VN-K7

5.4 1.8 l.DU 1.5 5.D u 2D u 1D u 2.D 2.D u D.D2 u 13 11

31

VELL NAME: Jones County 14, Macon

COUJITY: Jones

DATE SAMPLED: 06/15/1989

6VN-k9

3.8 1.4 l.D u 1.1

VELL NAME: Marsha llv tlle 11

COUNTY: Macon

DATE SAMPLED: 06/13/1989

5.D u 1!2

1D u 1.6

7.9 D.02 u 1D u 1D u

47 Al 34D

1, 5, 1D

6VN-K10

4.9 1.3 l.DU 2.7 2.0 u 2D u 10 u 3.2 2.0 u D.98 20 u 10 u 3D

1D

VELL NAME: Fort Valley 11

COUNTY: Peach

DATE SAMPLED: Dl/26/1989

6VN-K10

4.9 1.3 l.DU 2.9 5.D u 2D u 1D u 2.8 2.D u D.80 1D u 10 u 3D

1D

>I '

VELL NAME: Fort Valley 11 COUNTY: Peach

~

DATE SAMPLED: D6/13/1989

6VN-Kll

5.D l.OU l.DU 1.3 2.D u 10D 1D u 1.3 2.D u 0.23 2D u 10 u 15

1D

VELL NAME: Varner Robtns 11A

COUNTY: Houston

DATE SAMPLED: D1/26/1989

6VN-K11

5.1 l.D u l.D u 1.1 5.0 u 20 1D u 1.0 2.D u 0.12 1D u 10 u 14

10

VELL NAME: Varner Robtns 11A

COUNTY: Houston

DATE SAMPLED: 06/13/1989

WATER QUALITY FOR THE CRETACEOUS AQUIFER SYSTEM

PARAMETER
UIIITS WELL IDI

pH Ca Mg

Na K

Fe Mn Cl

S04 1102 Be

Sr Spec. Other

IN03

Cond. Par. .tera

Detected

SU mg/L mg/L III!J/L mg/L ug/L ug/L III!J/L 111!1/L lllgft/L ug/L ug/L lllflto/r:tl ug/L

I

Other Screens Tested

------------------------------------ --------------------------~---- ---------------- --- -------------------------- --------------------------------- --

M-Kif

4.0 l.OU l.OU 1.2 2.0 u 240 12 1.9 5.1 0.02 u 20 u 10 u 48 Al 390

10

WELL NAME: Perry, Holtdly Inn Well

Zn 58

COUNTY: Houston

DATE SAMPLED: 01/26/1989

M-Kl2

3.9 1.0 u 1.0 u 1.2 5.0 u 180 11 1.4 : 7.2 0.02 u 10 u 10 u 45 Al 370

5, 10

WELL NAME: Perry, Holtdly Inn Well

Zn 42

COUNTY: Houston

OAT SAMPLED: 06/14/1989

M-K13

8.5 2.3 1.0 u 45.0 2.0 u 20 u 10 u u.s 8.5 0.02 u 10 u 45

167

3, 5

WELL NAME: Dnllhl 11

COUNTY: Stewart

DATE SAMPLED: 11/28/1989

6W-K14

7.8 13.0 1.0 u 24.0 2.4 100 10 u 7.7 7.1 0.02 u 17 220

159

t

WELL NAME: Fort 8enntng Test Well COUNTY: thattahoochee

CD

DATE SAMPLED: 11/29/1989

M-Kts

8.9 1.0 u 1.0 u 81.0 2.0 u 20 u 10 u 7.9 2.0 u 0.02 u 10 u 17

334

10

WELL NAME: GeorgetCMn 12

COUNTY: Quttman

DATE SAMPLED: 11/28/1989

6W-K18

5.3 1.0 u 1.0 u 4.5 2.0 u 22 10 u 2.2 2.0 u 0.19 20 u 10 u 26 Zn 31

10

WELL flAME: Packagtng Corporation of America, florth Well

COUNTY: 8tbb

DATE SAMPLED: 01/26/1989

WATER QUALITY FOR THE CRETACEOUS AQUIFER SYSTEM

PARAMETER UIIITS
VELLIDI

pH Ca . Mg

Na

K

Fe Mn

Cl

S04 N02 Ba

Sr Spec. Other

IN03

Cond. Parameters

Detected

su lllg/L III!J/L lllg/L rrg/L ug/L ug/L III!J/L rrg/L 111gN/L ug/L ug/L Wfho/Cfl ug/L

Other .screens Tested

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

6VN-K16

5.4 1.0 u 1.0 u 5.3 5.0 u 20 10 u 2.2 2.4 0.24 10 u 10 u 30

10

WELL NAME: Packagtng Corporatton of Amertca, North Well

COUNTY: Btbb

DATE SAMPLED: 06/13/1989

6VN-K11A

4.8 1.1 LOU 1.2 2.0 u 110 10 u 1.7 2.9 0.06 20 u 10 u 28 Al 28

10

WELL NAME: Buena Vtsta 16

COUNTY: Marton

DATE SAMPLED: 03/30/1989

6VN-K19

5.0 l.OU l.OU 1.3 2.0 u 27 10 u 1.7 2.0 u 0.02 u 10 u 10 u 15 Cu 38

10

WELL NAME: Hephztbah, Murphy Street Well (13)

COUNTY: Rtchnond

DATE SAMPLED: 09112/1989

Average:

5.55 2.22 0.07 u. 8.92 0.1 u 86.57 2.38 u 2.86 2.83 0.17 3.19 u 19.62 60.43

':'
~

Maxt1111111: Mtnt. . .:

8.9 19.0 1.4 45.0 3.8 l.OU l.OU 1.1

2.4 2.0

u

740 20

u

27
10 u

11.5 2.0 U/

8.5 0.98 22 2.0 U 0.02 U 10 U

220 10

u

334 14

1.0 D

VATER QUALITY FOR THE PROVIDENCE AQUIFER SYSTEM

PMAMETER

pH ca Mg

Na

K

Fe Mn Cl

S04 N02 Ba Sr Spec. Other

Other

1103

Cond. Parameters

Screens

Detected

Tested

UIIITS SU 1119/l 111!1/l 111!1/l 111!1/l ug/l ug/l 111!1/l lllg/l lllgN/l ug/l ug/l tJiftro/err. ug/l

---W--E--ll--ID--f--------------------------- -------------------------.------------------------------------------------------------------------------

M-PD1

8.9 6.5 1.0 u 88.0 2.0 uL.UJl 10 u l.OU 7.1 0.02 u 10 u 77

350 Al 3,000

1, 5

WEll NAME: TV 10 - Albany

Tl 100

COUIITY: Dougherty

DATE SAMPLED: 10/24/1989

M-PD2A 5.9 10.0 1.0 u 1.6
WEll flAME: Preston 12 COUNTY: Webster DATE SAMPLED: 03/30/1989

M-PD3

8.0 6.0 1.1 78.0

WEll flAME: Fort 6atnes 12

COUNTY: Clay

DATE SAMPLED: lli28/1989

2.0 u 20 u 10 u 2.0 u 2.0 u 0.47 20 u 14 2.0 u 20 u 10 u 11.1 11.1 0.02 u 10 u 100

52 Zn 170 288

1, s. 10

M-PD4A 7.2 43.0 2.3 2.7 2.1 73 12 2.0 u 13.7 0.02 u 20 u 220

.~.I.
0

WELL flAME: Allier tcus 13 COUNTY: Sllllter OAT SAMPLED: 03/30/1989

234 (Tetra"blg!J! ethylene 2. O)

M-PD4A

7.4 (No

~netal

WEll flAME: Alnerfcus 13

COUNTY: Sumter

DATE SAMPLED: 06/14/1989

....,le

taken)

1.4 13.0 0.02 U (flo tlq)le) 209

1, 3, s. 10
10

Average: Max flllllll: lttnt. .:

7.48 16.37 8.9 43 5.9 6.0

0.85 u 42.57

2.3 1.0

u

88.0 1.6

0.65 u 418.25

2.6 2.0

u

12,6000u

3.0 u 2.5

12
10

u

11.1 2.0

u

8.98

13.7 2.0

u

0.094

0.47 0.02

u

10 10 10

u u u

102.75 220 14

226.6 350 52

WATER QUALITY FOR THE CLAYTON AQUIFER SYSTEM

PARAMETER

pH Ca Mg

Na

K

Fe Mn Cl S04 N02 Ba Sr Spec . Other

Other

&N03

Cond. Parameters

Screens

Detected

Tested

UNITS SU mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L ug/L ug/L lllg/L mg/L lllgN/L ug/L ug/L lllrtwJ/cm ug/L

---W--E-L-L--1-01----------------------------------------------------..---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

M-en

7.8 9.6 4.8 37.0 2.6 ~ 11

WELL NAME: Turner Ctty Well

COUNTY: Dougherty

DATE SAMPLED: 10/25/1989

1.0 u 11.2 0.02 u 10 u 240

250 tu 37

M-tT2A 7.5 43.0 3.0 6.3 WELL NAME: Burton Thomas Well COUNTY: Sumter DATE SAMPLED: 10/16/1989

2.0 u 110

10 u 0.1 17.8 0.02 u 10 u 280

217 Bt 57 Mo. 10
v 10
Zn 33

1. 3, 5

M-CT3

7.5 46.0 4.6 7.7 2.0 u 20 u 10 u 1.8 13.0 0.02 u 10 u 440

WELL NAME: Dawson, Crawford Street Well

COUNTY: Terrell

DATE SAMPLED: 10/17/1989

249 Bt 48 Co 11 Mo. 10
v 11

1, 3, 5, 10

M-CT4

7.5 47.0 3.4 5.4 2.0 u 150 10 u 2.1 9.6 0.02 u 11 280 250 Au 37

~......

WEll NAME: C. T. Marttn TW 2 COUNTY: Randolph DATE SAMPLED: 10/23/1989

8t 92 Co 16 Mo. 17
v 18

1, 3, 5

M-CTSA 7.5 47.0 4.0 2.2 2.0 u 170 36
WEll NAME: Cuthbert 13 COUNTY: Randolph DATE SAMPLED: 10/17/1989

2.1 11.2 0.02 u 17 160

246 Bt 70 Co 11 Moll
v 12

1, 3, 5, 10

WATER QUALITY FOR THE CLAYTON AQUIFER SYSTEM

PARMETER

pH Ca Mg



IC

Fe Mn

Cl

504 102 Ba

Sr Spec. Other

&1103

Cond. Par. .terl

Other
Screens

Oetec~ed

Tested

UNITS SU mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L ug/L ug/L mg/L mg/L ~ngN/L ug/L ug/L wlto/cra ug/L

----V-E-LL--JD-I----------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------,-----------------

M-tT81

7.3 110.0 3.2 7.1 3.2 ygg JB

VELL NAME: Fort &atnet Test Well

COUNTY: Clay

DATE SAMPLED: ll/28/1989

7.1 60.0 0.02 u 36 160

530 Zn 100

1, 3, 5

Average:
Maxt~~~n:
Mtnt-:

7.48 50.43
7.6 110.0 7.3 9.6

3.83 4.8 3.0

10.95 37.0 2.2

0.97 u 853.3 24.5

3.2 2.0

u

4100 20

u

100 10

u

2.28 20.47
7.6 60.0 1.0 U/ 9.8

0.02
0.02 0.02

u u u

10.67

38 10

u

260 440
160

0.1 0

290.3 530 217

:r
~
N

VATER QUALITY FOR THE CLAIBORNE AQUIFER SYSTEM

PARAMTER

pH Ca Mg

Na

K

Fe Hn Cl S04 N02 Ba Sr Spec. Other

Other

IN03

Cond. Parameters

Screens

Detected

Tested

UNITS SU mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L ug/L ug/L mg/L mg/L mgN/L ug/L ug/L llflto/CIII ug/L

WELL 101

---------------- -------- --- -- ---- ----- ----- ------- ---- -------------------- ---- --------- -- ---- ---- ---------- --------------------- ------- ------ ---

M-Cll

7.3 56.0 8.6 9.3 2.9 IS 10 u 4.1 3.0 0.02 u 10 u 360

VELL NAME: TV 5 - Albany

COUNTY: Dougherty

DATE SAMPLED: 10/25/1989

340 Au 32 Bt 84 Co 14 Mo 14
v 15

M-CU

7.2 46.0 1.0 u 1.7 2.0 u 20 u 10 u 1.8 0.1 7.9 10 110

VELL NAME: Unadilla 13

COUNTY: Dooly

DATE SAMPLED: 10/16/1989

204 (Dfn2seb g145!

1, 3, 5

6VN-CL3

5.1 1.3 1.0 u 1.5 2.0 u LlU 14

VELL NAME: Pete Long TV 2

COUNTY: Lee

DATE SAMPLED: 10/16/1989

2.1 2.0 u 0.02 u 10 u 11

20 Al 38

1. 3, 5

...IIIII
I
w

6VN-tl4

4.6 2.4 1.5

VELL NAME: Platns 13

COUNTY: Sinter

DATE SAMPLED: 03/30/1989

4.8 2.0 u 20 u n

7.2 2.0 u 3.50 20 u 17

65 Al 45 Cu 130 y 14
Zn 29

1, 3, 5, 7. 10

6VN-CL5

4.3 4.7 2.4 3.0 3.1

20 u !S 10.9 2.0 u 7.60 56

34

102 Al 210

VELL NAME: Shellman 12

Co 27

COUNTY: Randolph

y 55

DATE SAMPLED: 10/11/1989

6VN-tl6

7.7 36.0 8.1 19.0 3.8 71 10 u 4.1 3.2 0.02 u 10 u 430 225

VELL NAM: Georgta Tubing Company Vell

COUNTY: Early

DATE SAMPLED: 11/28/1989

1, 3, 5

WATER QUALITY FOR THE CLAIBORNE AQUIFER SYSTEM

PARAMETER

pH Ca Mg



K

Fe Mn Cl

504 N02 Be 1103

Sr Spec. Other Cond. Parameters

Other Screens

Detected

Tested

UIUTS su 1119/L 1119/L 1119/L 1119/L ug/L ug/l 1119/l 1119/l mgl/l ug/l ug/l lllftw:J/f:lll ug/l

---V--E--l-li-D--I---------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------

MCl7A 7.8 60.0 2.0 2.6 2.0 u 100 10 u 2.6 5.5 0.02 u 20 u 190

302

7

VELl NAME: Vet. Memortel State Perk TV 2

COUNTY: Crtsp

DATE SAMPLED: 03/27/19~9

Averege: MextiUI: MtntiUI:

&.26 29.49 3.23 5.99 1.4 u 245.86 75.14 4.88

7.7 60 4.3 1.3

8.6 1.0

u

19.0 1.55

3.8 1,200 450 10.9
2.0 u 20 u 10 u 1.8

1.69 u 2.71 9.43 164.57
5.5 7.9 56 430 2.0 U/ 0.02 U 10 U 11 0.1 D

179.7 340 20

.~..
~

WATER QUALITY FOR THE JACKSONIAN AQUIFER SYSTEM

PARAMETER

pH Ca Mg

Na

K

Fe Mn Cl

S04 N02 . Ba Sr Spec. Other

Other

loN03

Cond. Parameters

Screens

Detected

Tested

UNITS SU mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L ug/L ug/L mg/L mg/L mgN/L ug/L ug/L umho/an ug/L

----W-E-LL---ID--I-
6VN-J1A

---7--.6---8--6-.0------1-.4------3--.1------5-.0---u----2-8-0------2-1-------3-.-0----

~

2--.0---u---0-.0-2---u---6-7-------8-8

------------323

------------------------
Al 300

.. ------
I, 3, 5

WELL NAME: Vi dette New We 11

Cu 46

COUNTY: Burke

Sb 31

DATE SAMPLED: 04/19/1989

Zn "' 100

6WN-JIB

7.2 56.0 1.0 4.2 2.0 u 55 10 u 9.6 2.0 u 2.10 23

27

WELL NAME: Horton Residence Well

COUNTY: Burke

DATE SAMPLED: 09/13/1989

255 Zn = 46

I, 3, 5

6WN-J2A

8.0 50.0 1.0 u 1.4 5.0 u 20 u 20 u 2.0 u 2.0 u 0.34 44 57

261

WELL NAME: Oakwood Village MHP 12

COUNTY: Burke

DATE SAMPLED: 04/19/1989

1, 3, 5, 10

GWN-J3

7.7 36.0 6.0 10.0 2.0 u 110 130 8.0 2.0 u 0.02 u 720 300

250

WELL NAME: J. W. Black Well, Canoochee

.~..

COUNTY: Emanuel DATE SAMPLED: 01/25/1989

Ul

6WN-J4

7.6 48.0 2.3 3.4 2.0 U 20 U 10 U 2.7 4.7 0.12 20 u 180

245

WELL NAME: Wrightsville 14, North Myrtle Street Well

COUNTY: Johnson

DATE SAMPLED: 01/25/1989

1, 5, 10

GWN-J4

7.5 47.0 2.4 3.4 5.0 U 20 U 33

2.3 6.3 0.02 u 10 u 190

257

I, 5

WELL NAME: Wrightsville 14, North Myrtle Street Well

COUNTY: Johnson

DATE SAMPLED: 06/13/1989

WATER QUALITY FOR THE JACKSONIAN AQUIFER SYSTEM

PARAMETER

pH Ca Mg

Na

K

Fe Mn

Cl

S04 N02 Ba

Sr Spec. Other

Other

&N03

Cond. Parameters

Screens

UNITS

su mg/l mg/l

mg/l

mg/l

ug/l ug/l

mg/l

mg/l mgN/l

ug/l

Detected ug/l urrtto/cm ug/l .

Tested

W--E-l-l --ID--I --------------

GVN-J5

7.6 69.0

-----------------2.5 3.2

-5--.0---u---

--2-0--u----2-5-------2-.-I-

...

---1-1-.0-----0--.0-2---u---1-0--u----2-3-0--------3-4-8-----S-n----3-3-------

----------------1, 3, 5,

WEll NAME: Cochran 13

10

COUNTY: Bleck ley

DATE SAMPLED: 06/14/1989

GVN-J8

7.3 27.0 l.OU 1.9 5.0 u 170 20 u 2.0 u 6.6 0.02 14

97

153

WEll NAME: Wrens 14

COUNTY: Jefferson

DATE SAMPLED: 04/20/1989

1, 5, 10

GVN-J8

8.6 29 .0 1.1 1.7 2.0 u 190 12

1.8 7.0 0.02 u 14 100

144

WEll NAME: Wrens 14

COUNTY: Jefferson

DATE SAMPLED: 09/13/1989

1, 5, 10

6VN-J7

4.9 2.6 1.4 4.1 2.0 u 20 u 10

7.6 2.0 u 2.30 23

17

48 Al 29

1, 5

WEll NAME: Templeton ltvestock Well

:...

COUNTY: Burke

I

DATE SAMPLED: 09/12/1989

~

G\

GVN-J8

4.9 10.0 1.6 5.4 2.0 u 45 Z1

8.9 2.0 u 7.10 38

20

91 Ag 62

1

WEll NAME: Kahn Restdence Well

Al 43

COUNTY: Jefferson

Au 82

DATE SAMPLED: 09/13/1989

Bt 170

Co 38

Mo. 34
v 36

Average: Maxtmum: Mtntmum:

6.99 41.87 1.79 3.8

8.0 86.0 4.9 2.6

6.0 1.0

u

10.0 1.4

2.0 5.0

u u

2.0 u

77.27 27.54

280 20

u

130 10

u

4.18 3.24

9.6 2.0

u

11.0 2.0

1.09 85.73 118.73

7.10 0.02

u

720 10

u

300 17

Zn 26
215.9 348 48

WATER QUALITY FOR THE FLORIDAN AQUIFER SYSTEM

PARAMETER

pH Ca Mg

Na

K

Fe Mn

Cl

S04 N02 Ba

Sr Spec. Other

Other

IN03

Cond. Parameters

Screens

Detected

Tested

tmiTS SU mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L ug/L ug/L mg/L mg/L mgN/L ug/L ug/L umho/cm ug/L

--W--E-L-L--ID--I--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

GVN-PA1

7.7 27.0 9.2 15.0 5.0 u 20 u 10 u 14.3 5.8 0.02 u 12 380

WELL NAME: Thunderbolt 11

COUNTY: Chatham

DATE SAMPLED: 05\24\1989

273 Bt 23

6W-PA2A

7.7 25.0 8.1 11.0 5.0 u 20 u 10 u 4.1 4.9 0.02 u 14 300

WELL NAME: Savannah #6

COUNTY: Chatham

DATE SAMPLED: 05\23\1989

225 jBts 12-Eth~lhex~l}- 8, 9 phthalate 127} 81 20

GVN-PA4

7.7 35.0 25.0 49.0 5.0 u 20 u 10 u 25.0 98.0 0.02 u 10 1,200

WELL NAME: Tybee Island 11

COUNTY: Chatham

DATE SAMPLED: 05\24\1989

590 Bt 36

:r
~
-.I

GW-PASA

7.7 27.0 15.0 16.0 2.9

53 10 u 5.7 35.5 0.10 u 30 440

WELL NAME: Interstate Paper Company 12, Riceboro

COUNTY: Liberty

DATE SAMPLED: 12\21\1989

6W-PA6

7.5 24.0 12.0 14.0 3.0

WELL NAME: Htnesv111e IS

COUNTY: Liberty

DATE SAMPLED: 12\21\1989

20 u 10 u 4.6 22.9 0.10 u 23 370

302 Cu 35 263

6W-PA7

7.6 48.0 28.0 24.0 2.0 u 130 10 u 23.1 121.0 0.10 u 52 760

531

WELL NAME: Darten New Well

COUNTY: Mcintosh

DATE SAMPLED: 12\21\1989

WATER QUALITY FOR THE FLORIDAN AQUIFER SYSTEM

PARMETER pH Ca Mg Na K

Fe Mn Cl 504 N02 Ba Sr Spec. Other

Other

&N03

Cond. Parameters

Screens

Detected

Tested

IJIIJTS su mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l ug/l ug/l mg/l mg/l mgN/l ug/l ug/l tlllfto/an ug/l

-..W--E-L-L--1-0-1--------------------------------------------------------------------..------------------------------------------------------------------

6WII-PA8

7.7 33.0 17.0 17 .o 2.9

20 u 10 u 7.4 52.8 0.10 u 73 550

350

WELL NAME: ITT/Rayonter 14d, Doctortown

COUNTY: Wayne

DATE SAMPLED: 12\18\1989

6WN-PA9A

7.6 43.0 25.0 13.0 2.1

40 10 u 15.1 101.6 0.10 u 44 420

469

8, 9

WEll NAME: Brunswtck Pulp and Paper Company South 2

COUNTY: Glynn

DATE SAMPLED: 12\19\1989

6WN-PA98

7.8 67.0 53.0 110.0 3.6 1.200 11 90.2 168.1 0.10 u 89 1,000 1,380

8, 9

WEll NAME: Brunswtck Pulp and Paper Company South 1

COUNTY: Glynn

DATE SAMPLED: 12\19\1989

6VN-PA9C

7.7 41.0 26.0 18.0 2.0 u 77 10 u 20.7 98.5 0.10 u 41 660

450

8, 9

.>.I . '


WEll NAME: Mtller Ball Park TW 25 COUNTY: Glynn DATE SAMPLED: 12\20\1989

6\111-PAlOB 7.2 78.0 41.0 54.0 2.8 20 u 10 u 60.4 146.0 0.10 u 39 780
WELL NAME: Gtlman Paper Company Ill, St. Marys COUNTY: Camden
DATE SAMPLED: 12\20\1989

919 8t 33

6VN-PAllB 7.2 74.0 35.0 24.0 2.0 u 68 10 u 32.4 141.4 0.10 u 36 650

698

5

WELL NAME: St. Mary's Well 13

COUNTY: Camden

DATE SAMPLED: 12\20\1989

WATER QUALITY FOR THE FLORIDAN AQUIFER SYSTEM

PARAMETER

pH Ca Mg

Na

K

Fe Mn Cl

S04 N02 Ba Sr Spec. Other

Other

&N03

Cond. Parameters

Screens

Detected

Tested

UNITS SU mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L ug/L ug/L mg/L mg/L mgN/L ug/L ug/L llllho/cm ug/L

WELL IDI

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

GVN-PA12

7.6 70.0 29.0 22.0 2.1

43 10 u 29.2 121.6 0.10 u 33 520

630

WELL NAME: Folkston 13

COUNTY: Charlton

DATE SAMPLED: 12\20\1989

6VN-PA13

7.6 42.0 17.0 15.0 2.0 u 22 10 u 14.2 58.4 0.10 u 71 350

385

8, 9

WELL NAME: Waycross 13

COUNTY: Ware

DATE SAMPLED: 12\20\1989

6WN-PA14

7.8 35.0 5.1 7.0 2.0 u 20 u 10 u 6.3 28.0 6.00 33 200

223

WELL NAME: Statesboro 17

COUNTY: Bulloch

DATE SAMPLED: 01\25\1989

6WN-PA15

7.8 28.0 9.1 8.3 4.1

29 10 u 2.5 2.7 0.02 u 20 u 430

231

CN

'..r..
\D

WELL NAME: Ktng Ftntshtng Company, Ftre Pump Well, Dover COUNTY: Screven DATE SAMPLED: 01\25\1989

6WN-PA16

7.7 49.0 3.2 4.8 2.0 u 20 u 33

5. 6 6.0 0.02 u 20 u 210

262

1, 5

WELL NAME: Mt llen 11

COUNTY: Jenktns

DATE SAMPLED: 01\25\1989

6WN-PA17

7.6 49.0 2.0 3.4 2.0 u 20 u 10 u 2.9 2.0 u 0.02 u 170 170

254

WELL NAME: Swatnsboro 17

COUNTY: Emanuel

DATE SAMPLED: 01\25\1989

WATER QUALITY FOR THE FLORIDAN AQUIFER SYSTEM

PARAMETER
UNITS WEll 101

pH Ca Mg

Na

K

Fe Mn Cl

S04 N02 Ba Sr Spec. Other

&N03

Cond. Parameters

su mg/l mg/l

mg/L

mg/l

ug/L ug/L

mg/L

mg/L mgN/L

ug/L

Detected ug/l ...tto/cm ug/l

Other Screens Tested

----- ---------- ---- -- -- --- -------- -- --- --- ----- ------------ -- -- -- ---- --- -- -- ---- -- --- -- ----- -- -- ------ ----- -- ---- --- --------- --- --- -------- ----

6WN-PA18

7.8 32.0 3.5 11.0 2.1

20 u ~

3.9 2.0 u 0.02 u 27 260

218

WEll NAME: Metter 12

COUNTY: Candler

DATE SAMPLED: 01\25\1989

6WN-PA20

7.4 47.0 16.0 4.8 2.0 u 20 u 10 u 3.3 72.0 0.02 u 30 200

WELl NAME: lakeland 12

COUNTY: Lanter

DATE SAMPLED: 02\07\1989

6VN-PA20 7.6 44.0 16.0 4.6 5.0 u 20 u 10 u 3.2 70.0 0.02 u 28 190
WEll NAME: lakeland 12 COUIITY: Lanter DATE SAMPLED: 07\12\1989

6WN-PA21

7.3 42.0 4.6 3.3 2.0 u 20 u 10 u 4.5 49.0 0.02 u 53

63

~
N 0

WELl NAME: Valdosta 11 COUNTY: Lowndes DATE SAMPLED: 02\07\1989

6WN-PA21

7.5 34.0 4.2 3.2 5.0 u 20 u 10 u 4.5 35.0 0.02 u 42

52

WEll NAME: Valdosta 11

COUNTY: Lowndes

DATE SAMPLED: 07\12\1989

6WN-PA22 7.5 49.0 20.0 8.2 5.0 u 20 u 10 u 7.3 72.0 0.02 u 35 360
WELl NAME: Thomasv llle 16 COUNTY: Thomas DATE SAMPLED: 02\22\1989

360

10

362 8t 32

10

247

1, 5, 8,

9, 10

225 (Bis (2-eth~lhex~l!- 1, 5, 8,

~hthalate 38 .6!

9, 10

395

VATER QUALITY FOR THE FLORIDAN AQUIFER SYSTEM

PARAMETER

pH Ca Mg

Na

IC

Fe Mn

Cl

S04 N02 Ba

Sr Spec. Other

Other

&N03

Cond. Parameters

Screens

Detected

Tested

UNITS SU mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L ug/L ug/L mg/L mg/L mgN/L ug/L ug/L umho/cm ug/L .

--W--E-L-L--ID--f--------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------

6WN-PA23

7.6 39.0 16.0 12.0 5.0 u 20 u 10 u 6.4 34.0 0.02 u 190 360

WELL NAME: Catro 18

COUNTY: Grady

DATE SAMPLED: 02\22\1989

6VN-PA24

7.7 38.0 3.2

WELL NAME: Batnbrtdge 11

COUNTY: Decatur

DATE SAMPLED: 02\22\1989

2.2 5.0 u 20 u 10 u 3.3

2.0 u 1.20 20 u 38

6VN-PA24

7.8 37.0 3.3

WELL NAME: Batnbrldge 11

COUNTY: Decatur

DATE SAMPLED: 07\11\1989

1.8 5.0 u 20 u 10 u 3.1

2.0 u 1.30 10 u 36

GVN-PA25

7.4 56.0 l.OU 4.2 5.0 u 20 u 10 u 4.7 2.0 u 1.20 20 u 26

~

WELL NAME: Donalsonville, East 7th Street Well COUNTY: Seminole

.~ ....

DATE SAMPLED: 02\22\1989

6VN-PA25

7.6 52.0 l.OU 3.4 5.0 u 20 u 10 u 4.6 2.0 u 1.20 10 u 24

WELL NAME: Donalsonville, East 7th Street Well

COUNTY: Seminole

DATE SAMPLED: 07\11\1989

GVN-PA26 7.4 49.0 l.OU 2.4 WELL NAME: Colquitt 13 COUNTY: Ml ller DATE SAMPLED: 02\23\1989

5.0 u 20 u 10 u 3.4

2.0 u 1.80

20 u 21

332 Mo. 25 216 223 274 292 Sn 26 227

10
3, 7. 10
1, 3, 5, 7. 10 3, 7. 10
1, 3, s. 10,
CN 3, 10

WATER QUALITY FOR THE FLORIDAN AQUIFER SYSTEM

PARAMETER
UNITS WELL IDI

pH Ca Mg

Na

IC

Fe Mn

Cl

S04 N02 Ba

Sr Spec. Other

&N03

Cond. Parameters

su mg/L mg/L

mg/L

mg/L

ug/L ug/L

mg/L

mg/L mgN/L

ug/L

Detected ug/L unm/cm ug/L

Other Screens Tested

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

VN-PA26 7.7 44.0 l.OU 1.9 WEll NAME: Colquttt 13 COUNTY: Mt ller DATE SAMPLED: 07\11\1989

5.0 u 22

10 u 3.3

2.0 u 1.40 10 u 19

228 Al 69 Zn 35

1, 3, 5, 10

6VN-PA27 7.6 so.o 1.2 2.1 5.0 u 20 u 10 u 2.5 0.4 0.02 u 20 u 42

299

WELL NAME: Camtlla New Well (14)

COUNTY: Mttchell

DATE SAMPLED: 02\21\1989

3, 8, 9, 10

6VN-PA27

7.6 45.0 1.2 1.7 5.0 u 20 u 10 u 2.4 2.0 u 0.27 10

38

WELL NAME: Camtlla New Well (14)

COUNTY: Mttchell

DATE SAMPLED: 07\10\1989

238 Sn 30

1, 3, 5, 8, 9, 10

6VN-PA28 7.7 42.0 21.0 30.0 s.o u 20 u 10 u 11.1 101.0 0.02 u 130 2,300

229

:r

WELL NAME: Moultrte 11 COUNTY: Colquttt

N

DATE SAMPLED: 02\21\1989

N

6VN-PA29

7.6 47.0 16.0 3.8 2.0 u 68 34

2.0 u 2.0 u 0.02 u 20 u 310

350

WELL NAME: Adel 16

COUNTY: Cook

DATE SAMPLED: 02\08\1989

10, CN

6VN-PA29

7.8 45.0 15.0 3.7 5.0 u 73 34

WELL NAME: Adel 16

COUNTY: Cook

DATE SAMPLED: 07\13\1989

3.8 65.0 0.02 u 13 310

368 Sn 23

1, 5, 10

PARAMETER
UNITS WELL 101

VATER QUALITY FOR THE FLORIDAN AQUIFER SYSTEM

pH Ca Mg

Na

K

Fe Mn

Cl

S04 N02 Ba

Sr Spec. Other

&N03

Cond. Parameters

Detected
su mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L ug/L ug/L mg/L mg/L mgN/L ug/L ug/L umho/cm ug/L .

GVN-PA3D 7.8 43.D 16.D 4.9 2.D u 2D u lD u 2.0 u 2.D u D.02 u 6D 24D
WELL NAME: Nashville Mills 12, Amoco Fabrics Company COUNTY : Berrien DATE SAMPLED: 02\07\1989

6WN-PA30

8.0 41.0 16.D 4.7 5.0 u 20 u 10 u 4.7 61.0 0.02 u 56 230

WELL NAME: Nashville Mills 12, Amoco Fabrics Company

COUNTY: Berrien

DATE SAMPLED: 07\13\1989

6WN-PA31

7.7 44.D 8.3 2.6 2.0 u 25 10 u 2.0 u 2.0 u D.02 u 75 270

WELL NAME: Tifton 16

COUNTY: Tift

DATE SAMPLED: 02\08\1989

,..

6WN-PA32

7.8 35.0 4.9 2.5 2.0 u 140 26

WELL NAME: Ocilla 13

2.0 u 2.0 u 0.02 u 88 160

I

COUNTY: Irwin

N
w

DATE SAMPLED: 02\07\1989

6WN-PA33

7.9 23.0 8.4 3.1

WELL NAME: Fitzgerald Well C

COUNTY: Ben Hill

DATE SAMPLED: 02\06\1989

2.D u 20 u 13

2.0 u 2.0 u 0.02 u 2500 270

GWN-PA34

7.2 50.0 9.6 5.5 5.0 u 190 ~

WELL NAME: McRae 11

COUNTY: Telfatr

DATE SAMPLED: 06\14\1989

5.8 2.8 0.02 u 300 730

341 351 266 203 180 321 Sn .. 35

Other Screens Tested
10

WATER QUALITY FOR THE FLORIDAN AQUIFER SYSTEM

PARAMETER

pH Ca Mg

Na

K

Fe Mn

Cl

S04 N02 Ba

Sr Spec. Other

Other

IN03

Cond. Parameters

Screens

UNITS

su mg/L mg/L

mg/L

mg/L

ug/L ug/L

mg/L

mg!L mgN/L

ug/L

Detected ug/L wmo/cm ug/L

Tested

VELL 101

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

6WN-PA35

7.7 30.0 13.0 6.0 5.0 u 64 29

3.5 6.9 0.02 u 90 490

266

WELL NAME: Mount Vernon New Well

COUNTY: Montgomery

DATE SAMPLED: 06\14\1989

6VN-PA38

7.9 30.0 5.4 12.0 5.0 u 32 38

3.8 3.0 0.02 u 140 370

227 Zn 35

CN

WELL NAME: Vidalia 11 (Sixth Street Well)

COUNTY: TOOIIIbs

DATE SAMPLED: 06\14\1989

6VN-PA37

7.5 47.0 1.0 u 2.0

WELL NAME: Hogan Monitoring Well

COUNTY: laurens

DATE SAMPLED: 01\26\1989

2.0 u !!!.!l

10 u 3.7

2.0 u 1.70 20 u 25

233 Zn 65

6VN-PA38

7.5 46.0 1.3 2.1 5.0 u 20 u 10 u 2.2 2.0 u 0.08 110

96

234

>'

WELL NAME: Eastman 14

I N
~

COUNTY: Dodge DATE SAMPLED: 06\13\1989

6W-PA39

7.5 42.0 7.4 3.8 5.0 u 20 u 10 u 2.7 1.8 0.02 u 220 410

231

WEll NAME: Sylvester 11

COUNTY: Worth

DATE SAMPLED: 02\21\1989

1' 3, 5, 10 3, 7, 10

6VN-PA39

7.5 48.0 6.7 3.4 5.0 u 20 u 10 u 2.5 2.0 u 0.02 u 210 360

294

VELL NAME: Sylvester 11

COUNTY: Worth

DATE SAMPLED: 07\10\1989

1, 3, 5, 10

VATER QUAliTY FOR THE FLORIDAN AQUIFER SYSTEM

PARAMETER

pH Ca Mg

Na

K

Fe Mn

Cl

S04 N02 Ba

Sr Spec. Other

Other

&N03

Cond. Parameters

Screens

UNITS

su mg/l mg/l

mg/l

mg/l

ug/l ug/l

mg/l

mg/l mgN/l

ug/l

Detected ug/l lllltto/em ug/l

Tested

__W__E_l_l__ID__I_________________________________,______________________ ..,______________________________________________________________________________

6WN-PA40

7.6 58.0 1.1 2.1

WEll NAME: Merck and Company 18

COUNTY: Dougherty

DATE SAMPLED: 03\28\1989

6WN-PA40

7.4 64.0 1.1 2.6

WELL NAME: Merck and Company 18

COUNTY: Dougherty

DATE SAMPLED: 10\25\1989

2.0 u 21 2.0 u 34

10 u 3.4
10 u 1.1

2.0 u 0.90 20 u 51
2.0 u 1.27 16 51

6VN-PA41

7.3 110.0 3.1 22.0 3.1

21 10 u 14.1 28.8 2.00 i14

89

WEll NAME: TV 13 - Albany

,

COUNTY: Dougherty DATE SAMPLED: 03\28\1989

I

6VH-PA41

7.0 120.0 3.2 23.0 3.4 66 17 18.0 36.9 2.80 47 87

~
U'l

WEll NAME: TV 13 - Albany COUNTY: Dougherty

DATE SAMPLED: 10\18\1989

GWN-PA42

7.5 37.0 1.0 u 2.5

VELL NAME: Garrett OV 14

COUNTY: lee

DATE SAMPlED: 03\29\1989

GVN-PA42

7.0 40.0 1.0 u 3.1

WEll NAME: Garrett OV 14

COUNTY: lee

DATE SAMPLED: 10\26\1989

2.0 u 20 u 10 u 5.4 2.0 u 35 10 u 8.3

2.0 u 2.71 20 u 16 2.0 u 3.50 10 u 16

285 Al 25
280 Au 43 Bt 91 Co 19 Mo 18 Sn 37
y. 21
637
608 (Tetrach loroeth;tlene 1.5) Au 31 Bt 75 Co 14 Mo 16 Sn 51
v 17
197
180 Au " 68 81 140 Co 31 Mo 28
v 31

CH
CN
1, 3, 5, 10 1, 3, 5, 10, CN
7, CN CN

VATER QUALITY FOR THE FLORIDAN AQUIFER SYSTEM

PARAMETER

pH Ca Mg

Na

K

Fe Mn

Cl

S04 N02 Ba

Sr Spec. Other

Other

IN03

Cond. Parameters

Screens

UNITS

Detected
su mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l ug/l ug/l mg/l mg/l mgN/l ug/l ug/l umho/cm ug/l

Tested

WELL IDI

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

6VN-PA43

7.7 47.0 l.OU 3.0 5.0 u 20 u 10 u 5.7 2.0 u 1.30 20 u 41

476

WELL NAME: Newton 11

COUNTY: Baker

DATE SAMPLED: 02\23\1989

3, 7, 10

6VN-PA43

7.9 44.0 1.0 u 2.2

WELL NAME: Newton 11

COUNTY: Baker

DATE SAMPLED: 07\12\1989

5.0 u 20 u 10 u 3.2

2.0 u 1.40 10 u 37

250 Sn 32

1, 3, 5, 10

GVN-PA44

7.8 32.0 4.1 2.2 2.0 u 20 u 10 u 1.7 2.0 u 0.25 160 280

187

VEll NAME: Sycamore 12

COUNTY: Turner

DATE SAMPLED: 02\08\1989

1, 3, 5, 10

>I -
N

6VN-PA45 7.7 52.0 3.5 WELL NAME: Abbeville 12 COUNTY: Vt lcox

2.1 2.0 u 23

10 u 2.6

2.0 0.02 u 20 u 210

270

G'l

DATE SAMPLED: 02\06\1989

1, 3, 5, 10

6VN-PA46A 7.6 51.0 l.OU 2.3 2.0 u 20 u 10 u 4.0 2.0 u 1.13 32 39
VELL NAME: Tyson Residence Vell COUNTY: Crisp DATE SAMPLED: 03\27\1989

259 Zn 71

1, 3, 5, 7' 10

6VN-PA47

7.7 55.0 1.0 u 1.7 2.0 u 20 u 10 u 2.8 2.0 u 1.29 20 u 57

268

VELL NAME: lfa ley Farms TV 19

COUNTY: lee

DATE SAMPLED: 03\28\1989

1, 3, s. 7.
10

WATER QUALITY FOR THE FLORIDAN AQUIFER SYSTEM

PARAMETER

pH Ca Mg

Na

K

Fe Mn

Cl

S04 N02 Ba

Sr Spec. Other

Other

&N03

Cond. Parameters

Screens

UIIITS

su mg/l mg/l

mg/l

mg/l

ug/l ug/l

mg/l

mg/l mgN/l

ug/l

Detected ug/l umho/cm ug/l

Tested

WEll IDI

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

6WII-PA47

7.4 ' 69.0 1.1 2.7 2.0 u 65 10 u 1.0 2.0 u 6.06 14

57

WEll NAME: Haley Farms TW 19

COUNTY: lee

DATE SAMPLED: 10\24\1989

310 Au 45 Bf 95 Co 20 Mo 19
v = 23

1, 3, s. 10

6WN-PA48

7.6 51.0 l.OU 2.2

WEll NAME: Doug Harvey TW 1

COUNTY: Early

DATE SAMPLED: 03\29\1989

2.0 u 2

10 u 2.9

2.0 u 1.49 20 u 24

243 Al 65

1, 3, 5, 7, 10

6WN-PA48

7.4 48.0 1.0 u 3.3 3.0 u 100 10

WEll NAME~ Doug Harvey TW 1

COUNTY: Early

DATE SAMPLED: 11\27\1989

3.6 2.0 u 1.90 10 u 25

235 At 55 Tl 78

1, 3, 5, 10, CN

:r
N....

GWN-PASO

7.3 61.0 1.4 2.8 5.0 u 72

WEll NAME: Reynolds Residence Welt

COUNTY: laurens

10 u 4.4 4.5 0.74 39 180

302 Sn "' 31

1, 5

DATE SAMPLED: 06\15\1989

6WN-PA51

7.6 40.0 l.OU 2.6

WEll NAME: Adams Residence Well

COUNTY: Mitchell

DATE SAMPLED: 07\10\1989

5.0 u 20 u 10 u 3.0

2.0 u 1.70 10 u 17

222 Sn 25 Zn 22

l, 5, 7

6WN-PA52

7.8 36.0 l.OU 2.3 5.0 u 43

WEll NAME: Simmons Residence Well

COUNTY: Mitchell

DATE SAMPLED: 07\10\1989

10 u 4.4

2.0 u 3.40 10 u 23

215 Sn 23 Zn 35

l, 5, 1

PARAMETER
UNITS
WEll 101

WATER QUALITY FOR THE FLORIDAN AQUIFER SYSTEM

pH Ca Mg

Na

K

Fe Mn Cl

SD4 N02 Ba Sr Spec. Other

&N03

Cond. Parameters

Detected
su mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l ug/l ug/l mg/l tng/l mgN/l ug/l ug/l umo/cm ug/l

6\IN-PAS3

7.6 41.0 1.1 3.1 5.0 u 20 u 10 u 5.0 2.0 u 3.70 14

27

WEll NAME: Cato Residence Well

COUNTY: Decatur

DATE SAMPLED: 07\11\1989

226 Al 28 Zn 120

6\IN-PA54 7.7 35.0 l.OU 1.6 WEll NAME: Fields Residence Well COUNTY: Seminole DATE SAMPLED: 07\11\1989

5.0 u 120

10 u 2.1

2.0 u 0.06 10 u 16

185 Sn 26 Zn 39

6\IN-PA55

7.5 61.0 2.8 3.6 2.0 u 70 10 u 2.7 4.0 0.02 u 150 250

255 Ag 64

WEll NAME: Holland Residence Well

Au 83

COUNTY: Burke

81 180

DATE SAMPLED: 09\13\1989

Co 38

Mo 36

Sn 46

>'

v 37

I

~
CD

Average:

7.59 46.64 8.99 9.79 0.46 u 58.35 5.8 u 8.22 27.0 0.49 82.65 279.46 329.78

Maxtnun:
M1nllllln:

8.00 120 7.00 23

53 1.0

u

110 1.6

4.1 1,200 98
2.0 u 20 u 10 u

90.2 2.0

168.1 U/ 2.0

U/

6.06 .02

u2,50100 u

2300 16

1380 180

0.1 0 0.4 D

Other Screens Tested
1, 7
7
1. 5

,...

VATER QUALITY FOR THE MIOCENE AQUIFER SYSTEM

PARAMETER

pH Ca Mg

Na

K

Fe Mn

Cl

S04 N02 Ba

Sr Spec. Other

Other

&N03

Cond. Parameters

Screens

UNITS

su mg/l mg/l

mg/l

mg/l

ug/l ug/l

mg/l

mg/l mgN/l

ug/l

Detected ug/l umho/cm ug/l

Tested

--W--E-l-l--ID--I-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

6VN-MI1

7.8 24.0 14.0 6.9 2.0 u !1m 31

WELL NAME: McMillan Residence Well

COUNTY: Cook

DATE SAMPLED: 02/08/1989

2.9 4.0 0.02 u 21 120

231 Zn 22

1, 5, 10, CN

GVN-Mil

8.1 22.0 13.0 6.5 5.0 u ~ 23

WELL NAME: McMillan Residence Well

COUNTY: Cook

DATE SAMPLED: 07/13/1989

2.8 4.0 0.02 u 20 120

245 Bi 36 Sn 26

1, 5, 10, CN

6VN-MI2

5.7 3.2 l.OU 2.6 2.0 u 20 u 10 u 3.0 2.0 u 0.02 u 20 u 10 u 40

WELL NAME: Boutwell Residence Well

COUNTY: lowndes

DATE SAMPLED: 02/07/19B9

1, 5, 8, 9, 10

GVN-MI2

5.6 3.0 1.0 u 2.3 5.0 u 20 u 10 u 2.7 2.0 u 0.02 u 10 u 10 u 49

>I '
N \D

WELL NAME: Boutwell Residence Well COUNTY: lowndes DATE SAMPLED: 07/12/19B9

6VN-MI3

7.4 68.0 11.0 20.0 4.0

85 15 23.6 38.9 0.10 u 11 440

496

WEll NAME: Coffin Park TV 3

COUNTY: Glynn

DATE SAHPLEO: 12/20/19B9

1, 5, B, 9, 10 10

GWN-MI4

7.1 16.0 5.1 5.B 2.0 u 410 !!.!! 3.0 2.0 u 0.02 u 78 89

140

WELL NAME: Hopeuliktt TV 2

COUNTY: Bulloch

DATE SAMPLED: 01/24/1989

WATER QUALITY FOR THE MIOCENE AQUIFER SYSTEM

PARAMETER

pH Ca Mg

Na

K

Fe Mn Cl S04 N02 Ba Sr Spec. Other

Other

&N03

Cond. Parameters

Screens

Oetected

Tested

UNITS SU mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L ug/L ug/L mg/L lllg/l 1119N/L ug/L ug/L 11/fho/an ug/L

--W-E-L-l--1-0-1----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

M-MIS

5.0 6.2 2.8 5.1 2.9 20 u 1Z.Q 10.9 2.0 u 6.20 140 40

WELL NAME: Carter Residence Well

COUNTY: Appltng

DATE SAMPLED: 08/28/1989

104 Al 140

M-MI8

n 8.0 14.0 6.7 7.8 2.0 u 210

13.7 3.0 7.80 120 110

WEll NAME: Williams Residence Well

COUNTY: Coffee

DATE SAMPLED: 08/28/1989

179 Al 960 Tt 67

6VII-MI7

4.3 3.5 3.3 4.4 2.0 u 20 u 10 u 9.4 2.0 u 8.40 64 36

WEll NAME: Chaudotn Residence Well

COUNTY: Irwin

~

DATE SAMPLED: 08/29/1989

96 Al 410

6VN-MI8

5.5 1.7 l.OU 1.7 2.0 u ill 10 u 2.5 2.0 u 0.05 10 u 12

25 Al 1,000

1, 5

~
w
0

WELL NAME: McCall Residence Well COUNTY: Colquitt DATE SAMPLED: 08/29/1989

Cu 60 Tt 55 Zn 27

6VN-MI9

4.8 2.3 2.7 17.0 2.0 u ~ 10 23.3 2.0 u 2;80 58

30

WELL NAME: Neely Residence Well

COUNTY: Thomas

DATE SAMPLED: 08/29/1989

137 Al 2,700 Tt 86 Zn 320

GWN-MilO 5.0 4.7 5.2 22.0 3.9 35 18 24.6 2.0 8.20 260 63

207 Al 130

1, 5

WEll NAME: luke Residence Well

COUNTY: Colquitt

DATE SAMPLED: 08/30/1989

WATER QUALITY FOR THE MIOCENE AQUIFER SYSTEM

PARAMETER

pH Ca Mg

Na

K

Fe Mn

Cl

S04 N02 Ba

Sr Spec. Other

Other

&N03

Cond. Parameters

Screens

Detected

Tested

UIIITS SU mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L ug/L ug/L ~~~g/L mg/L mgN/L ug/L ug/L tnho/cm ug/L

---W-E-L-L--ID- .I. ---------------- --------- ------------ ------------------- --------- ----- --------- ---- -------------- -- -- --------- ----- ---- ---- --- --- ----- -

GWN-Mill

5.3 2.5 1.1 3.9 2.0 u ~ 11

5.7 2.0 u 0.86 35

16

WELL NAME: Harrtson Restdence Well

COUNTY: Grady

DATE SAMPLED: 08/30/1989

45 Al 1,100 Bt 23
n 37
Zn 24

Gwtt-MI12

7.4 49.0 1.4 2.8 2.0 u 130 15

3.9 2.0 u 0.02 u 13

39

252 Zn 41

1' 5

WELl NAME: Herzog Greenhouse Well

COUNTY: Brooks

DATE SAMPLED: 08/30/1989

6WN-MI13

7.4 56.0 1.0 2.3 2.0 u 2.400 220

2.7 2.0 u 0.02 u 27

52

249

1

WELL NAME: Meeks Rental House Well

COUNTY: Screven

DATE SAMPLED: 09/14/1989

:a-
w I

Gwtt-MI14

2.1 1.0 u 7.7

WELL NAME: Thomas Restdence Well

COUNTY: Bulloch

2.0 u 270

10 u ( No sample ) 11

10 u (No Al 150
sample) Zn 22

1, 5

~

DATE SAMPLED: 09/14/1989

GWN-MI15

4.4 10.0 8.5 1.8 2.0 u 29 13

9.9 2.0 u .l!:1Q 63 100

154 Al 220

1' 5

WELL NAME: Aldrtch Restdence Well

COUNTY: Bulloch

DATE SAMPLED: 09/14/1989

Average: Max hnum: Mtntmum:

6.05 16.95 4.46 7.09 0.06 u 399 41.06 9.04 3.24 2.94 54.18 74.53

8.1 56 14.0 22.0 4.3 1.7 l.OU 1.7

4.0 2. 0

2,400
u 20

u

220 10

u

24.6 2.5

38.9 2.0

u

14.70 0.02

u26100

u

440 10

u

165.6 496 25

WATER QUALITY FOR THE PIEDMONT UNCONFINED AQUIFER SYSTEM

PARAMETER

pH Ca Mg

Na

K

Fe Mn Cl S04 N02 Ba Sr Spec. Other

Other

&ND3

Cond. Parameters

Screens

Detected

Tested

UNITS su mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l ug/l ug/L mg/L mg/L mgN/L ug/L ug/L umho/cm ug/L

...W__E-L-L--10-1-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

GWN-PIB

6.2 7.9 2.4 10.0 2.6 2.500 ~

5.4 15.0 0.02 u 10

96

119

WELL NAME: luthersville New Well

COUNTY: Meriwether

DATE SAMPLED: 08/30/1989

6VN-P2

6.5 20.0 2.3 11.0 2.8 1.500

3.5 2.0 u 1.10 41 110

140 Ag 52

10

WELl NAME: Riverdale, Delta Drive Well

Au 68

COUNTY: Clayton

Bt 150

DATE SAMPLED: 09/15/1989

Co 30

Mo .. 29

Sn " 30

y 32

6WN-P3

7.3 9.4 2.3 9.2 5.0 u 21 43

2.0 u 5.8 0.02 u 14

74

WEll NAME: Fort McPherson Well

COUNTY: Fulton

~

DATE SAMPLED: 04/18/1989

w I

N
6VN-P3

6.5 9.0 2.5 9.3 3.7 6,300 n

0.1 6.9 0.02 u 21

72

WEll NAME: Fort McPherson Well

COUNTY: Fulton

DATE SAMPLED: 10/11/1989

108 [Eth~lbenzene 1! (P,M,&O X~lenes 2) Al 110

8, 9, 10

108 (Tttmeth~l benzene 2) 8, 9, 10 [Eth~lmeth;tl benzene 2)
(P&M Xlflenes 5.2) (0 Xlflene 2.2)
[Ethlflbenzene 1.3) (Toluene 5.9)
(1,2 Dtchloropronane 1.7} AI 990 Nt .. 24 T1 .. 100

6VN-P48

6.6 23.0 4.1 36.0 5.0 u 6,300 1.1

WEll NAME: Barton Brands, Inc. 12

COUNTY: Fulton

DATE SAMPLED: 04/19/1989

GWN-P4C

6.3 6.1 1.1 8.5 2.0 u 130 13

WEll NAME: Barton Brands, Inc. 13

COUNTY: Fulton

DATE SAMPLED: 09/11/1989

18.8 10.4 0.47 140 350
1.6 2.0 u 0.02 u 16 64

311 Zn = 290
79 AI 38 Zn 35

8, 9, 10 8, 9, 10

WATER QUALITY FOR THE PIEDMONT UNCONFINED AQUIFER SYSTEM

PARAMETER

pH Ca Mg

Na

K

Fe Mn

Cl

S04 N02 Ba

Sr Spec. Other

Other

&N03

Cond. Parameters

Screens

Detected

Tested

UNITS SU mg/L mg/l mg/L mg/l ug/L ug/L mg/l mg/L mgN/L ug/L ug/L lll'tlto/an ug/L

--W--E--ll --ID- -I ------------ --------- ---- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

6WN-PS

7.0 25.0 4.0 1.6 5.0 u 20 u 10 u 1.0 2.0 u 0.02 u 32 90

158

10

WEll NAME: Flowery Branch 11

COUNTY: Hall

DATE SAMPLED: 05/25/1989

6WN-P6A

7.5 16.0 2.5 8.1 2.1 160

WEll NAME: Sht loh 11

COUNTY: Harrts

DATE SAMPLED: 11/30/1989

2.3 5.5 0.02 u 10

10 u 130 Al 44

6WN-P7

6.4 11.0 4.4 8.6 2.0 u 20 u 10 u 2.0 3.8 0.02 u 59

69

122 y 11

10

WELL NAME: Hampton I&

COUNTY: Henry

DATE SAMPLED: 08/30/1989

6WN-P8

7.1 33.0 10.0 9.3 5.0 u 20 u 10 u 3.1 19.0 0.02 u 10 u 91

271

~

WELL NAME: Vayne Poultry Company 14, Pendergrass

wwI

COUNTY: Jackson DATE SAMPLED: 05/25/1989

6VN-P9

6.9 20.0 9.7 15.0 5.0 u 2.000 !!!!

8.5 . 60.0 0.02 u 48 160

252 Nt 22

10

WELL NAME: Gray 14

Sb 46

COUNTY: Jones

DATE SAMPLED: 06/13/1989

6WN-P10A

3.4 9.4 8.3 5.9 5.0 u 30.000 760

2.0 85.0 0.02 u 17

93

WELL NAME: Frankltn Sprtngs 14

COUNTY: Frank ltn

DATE SAMPLED: 05/23/1989

326 Al 620 Au 33 Bt .. 55
Co = 19 Nt = 56
(Tl .. 94)
Zn .. 110

WATER QUALITY FOR THE PIEDMONT UNCONFINED AQUIFER SYSTEM

PARAMETER pH Ca Mg Na K

Fe Mn Cl S04 N02 Ba Sr Spec. Other

Other

&N03

Cond. Parameters

Screens

UNITS

su mg/L mg/L

mg/L

mg/L

ug/L ug/L

mg/L

mg/L mgN/L

ug/L

Detected ug/L umho/cm ug/L

Tested

--W--E-L-L--ID--I-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

6\111-Pll

6.7 11.0 4.8 6.3 5.0 u 84 17

WELL NAME: Danielsville f1

COUNTY: Madtson

DATE SAMPLED: 05/23/1989

1.3 3.2 0.02 u 10 u 30

124 Zn 22

6\111-PU

5.9 11.0 2.6 15.0 3.8

20 u 10 u 13.9 5.2 3.20 60

81

156

WELL IIAME: Nabisco Plant Well f1, Woodbury

COUNTY: Meriwether

DATE SAMPLED: 08/30/1989

6\111-Pll

7.4 31.0 1.5 13.0 2.0 u !!2 ll 5.4 15.5 0.02 u 10 u 83

223 Trichloroethylene 1.6 10

WELL NAME: Conyers, Rosser Street Well

(Tetrachloroelhllene Za8J

COUNTY: Rockdale

Al 120

DATE SAMPLED: 08/29/1989

Mo. 30

Tt 19

Zn 29

',wr.

6VII-Pl4

5.1 1.0 LOU 2.2 2.0 u 27

WELL IIAME: Upson County, Sunset VIllage Well f1

25 u 2.5

2.0 u 0.32 39

10 u 32 Al 29

COUNTY: Upson

DATE SAMPLED: 08/30/1989 1

6WH-P15A

7.9 20.0 4.7 8.4 5.0 u !.2 5.9

5.9 0.02 u 74 100

179

10

WELL NAME: Bolton Rental House

COUNTY: Dekalb

DATE SAMPLED: 04/19/1989

6WH-P15A

7.0 19.0 4.7 8.1 4.5 !.2 ! 7.6

6.4 0.02 u 68 97

171 Zr 17

10

WELL NAME: Bolton Rental House

COUNTY: Dekalb

DATE SAMPLED: 09/11/1989

PARAMETER
UNITS WELL IDI

WATER QUALITY FOR THE PIEDMONT UNCONFINED AQUIFER SYSTEM

pH Ca Mg

Na

K

Fe Mn Cl S04 N02 Ba Sr Spec. Other

&N03

Cond. Parameters

Detected

su mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L ug/L ug/L mg/L mg/L mgN/L ug/L ug/L umho/cm ug/L .

6WN-P16C

7.1 12.0 2.1 3.3 5.0 u 3.500 ill

WELL NAME: Mt. At ry 14, Chase Road We 11

COUNTY: Habersham

DATE SAMPLED: 05/23/1989

Average: Maxtnun: Mtntnun:

6.57 15.52 3.95 9.94 1.76 u 2,888.5 92.1

7.9 33.0 3.4 1.0

10.0 36.0
1.0 u 1.6

4.5 30,000 760
2.0 u 20 u 10 u

1.0 u 10.0 0.02 u 10 u 67
4.47 13.66 0.27 34.16 90.9 18.8 85.0 3.2 140 350
2.0 U/ 2.0 U 0.02 U 10 U 10 u
0.1 D

93 Au 11 Zn 47
163.3 326 32

0
:r
w
Ul

Other Screens Tested
10

VATER QUALITY FOR THE BLUE RIDGE UNCONFINED AQUIFER SYSTEM

PARAMETER
UNITS WELL IDI

pH Ca Mg

Na

K

Fe Mn

Cl

504 N02 Ba

Sr Spec. Other

&N03

Cond. Parameters

Detected

SU mg/L mg/L mg/L mg/L ug/L ug/L mg/L mg/L mgN/L ug/L ug/L umho/cm ug/L

Other Screens
Tested

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

GVII-BR1

7.0 11.0 2.4 4.7 5.0 u 54 n

1.2 16.0 0.02 u 43

63

105 Bi 20

10

WELL flAME: Hiawassee 16

COUNTY: Towns

DATE SAMPLED: 05/24/1989

6VII-BR28

7.3 11.0 2.8 8.8 5.0 u 1!!.Q 23

WELL NAME: Notla Vater Authority 16

COUNTY: Union

DATE SAMPLED: 05/24/1989

0.8 4.2 0.02 u 10 u 110

113 Zn 22

GVN-BR3

8.0 16.0 1.0 u 19.0 5.0 u 20 u 10 u 1.0 u 3.7 0.02 u 10 360

163

WELL flAME: Dawsonville, Shoal Hole Park Well

COUNTY: Dawson

DATE SAMPLED: o5n4/1989

GVN-BR4

6.5 11.0 2.3 6.9 5.0 u 20 u 10 u 2.5 2.0 u 1.90 10 u 100

~
w
G\

WELL NAME: Morganton Old Well COUNTY: Fannin DATE SAMPLED: 05/24/1989

106 81 21

Average:
Maxiii'IUIII: Mlnlnun:

7.2 12.25 8.0 16.0 6.5 11.0

1.87 9.85 2.8 19.0
1.0 u 4.7

5.0 5.0

u u

5.0 u

88.5 300
20 u

21.5 63
10 u

1.12 5.97 0.475 13.25 158.2 2.5 16.0 1.90 43 360
1.0 U/ 2.0 U 0.02 U 10 u 63
0.8 D

121.7 163 105

10, CN

WATER QUALITY FOR THE VALLEY AND RIDGE UNCONFINED AQUIFER SYSTEM

PARAMETER

pH Ca Mg

Na

K

Fe Mn

Cl

S04 N02 Ba

Sr Spec. Other

Other

&N03

Cond. Parameters

Screens

UIIITS

su mg/l mg/l

mg/l

mg/l

ug/l ug/l

mg/l

mg/l ~ngN/l

ug/l

Detected ug/l wrho/tlft ug/l

Tested

W--E-LL--I-D-I----- ------------------------------------------------------------------------ --- ---------------------- "":----- -------- -------- ---------

6WN-VR1

7.9 26.0 14.0 1.3 5.0 u 20 u 10 u 1.5 2.0 u 0.39 10 u 16

230

10

WELL NAME: Kingston Road Well, Rome

COUNTY: Floyd

DATE SAMPLED: 07/11/1989

GWN-VR3

7.2 29.0 11.0 1.3 5.0 u 20 u 10 u 1.6 2.0 0.50 62

26

247 Bi 30

10

SPRING NAME: Chickamauga, Crawfish Springs

COUNTY: Walker

DATE SAMPLED: 07/12/1989

6WN-VR4

7.3 81.0 20.0 14.0 5.0 u 81 19 12.2 66.0 0.02 u 120 670

WEll NAME: American Thread Company 14

COUNTY: Walker

DATE SAMPLED: 07/12/1989

595 Sn 60

~

6WN-VR5

7.4 74 .0 3.7 5.1 5.0 u 20 u 10 u 8.2 2.0 2.80 97 180

WELL NAME: Chattooga County 14

400 Sn 37

10

w....

COUNTY: Chattooga DATE SAMPLED: 07/11/1989

GWN-VR8

7.6 26.0 15.0 3.4 5.0 u 20 u 10 u 3.0 3.0 0.30 590 110

WEll NAME: Chemical Products Corporation, East Well

COUNTY: Bartow

DATE SAMPLED: 07/12/1989

261 Sn 31

GWN-VR7

7.3 23.0 12.0 1.0 u 5.0 u 44 10 u 1.2 2.0 u 0.36 26 18

223

10

SPRING NAME: Adairsville, lewis Spring

COUNTY: Bartow

DATE SAMPLED: 07/1211989

WATER QUALITY FOR THE VALLEY AND RIDGE UNCONFINED AQUIFER SYSTEM

PARAMETER

pH Ca Mg

Na

IC

Fe Mn Cl S04 N02 Ba Sr Spec. Other

Other

&N03

Cond. Parameters

Screens

Detected

Tested

liMITS SU 1119/L mg/L mg/L ~~g/L ug/L ug/L mg/L 111!1/L ~~gN/l ug/l ug/l ucrRJ/CIR Ug/l

---W--E-L-L--ID--I--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

6Wfi-VR8

7.5 36.0 15.0 1.7 5.0 u 27 10 u 1.1 2.0 1.90 15 25

270 Sn 25

10

SPRING NAME: Cedartown Sprtng

COUNTY: Polk

DATE SAMPLED: 07/11/1989

6Wfi-VR9

7.5 39.0 12.0

WEll NAME: Polk County 12

COUMTY: Polk

DATE SAMPLED: 07/11/1989

Average: Maxtnun: Mtntlllllft:

7.46 41.75 12.84 7.9 81.0 20.0 7.2 23.0 3.7

1.5
3.66 14.0 1.0

5.0 u

5.0 u

5.0 5.0

u u

20 u 10 u 2.9

19 2.4 u 3.96

81 20

u

19 10

u

12.2 1.1

3.0 1.00 13 28

9.75 0.906 115.4 134 .1

66.0 2.0

u

2.80 0.02

u

590 10

u

670 16

290 Bt 30 Sn 21
314.5 595 223

:r
w
CD

I
I.
I.

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