Clay mineralogy of the Hawthorne Group

CLAY MINERALOGY OF THE
HAWTHORNE GROUP
by
John H. Hetrick Michael S. Friddell Charles E. Weaver

DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION DIVISION GEORGIA GEOLOGIC SURVEY

INFORMATION CIRCULAR 79

CLA1 MINERALOGY OF THE HAWTHORNE GROUP
by
John H. Hetrick, Michael S. Friddell, and Charles E. Weaver
DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES J. Leonard Ledbetter, Commissioner ENVI~ONMENTAL PROTECTION DIVISION Harold F. Reheis, A~sistant Director
GEORGIA GEOLOGIC SURVEY William H. McLemore, State Geologist
ATLANTA 1987
INFORMATION CIRCU~AR 79

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION STUDY AREA AND PREVIOUS WORK LABORATORY METHODS RESULTS STATISTICAL ANALYSIS CONCLUSIONS REFERENCES CITED APPENDICES

Page 1
3 5 8 8 45 46 47

l.

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

FIGURE

PAGE

1 Stratigraphic Correlation Chart

2

2 Location Map of Cores ..................................... . 4

3 Clay Minerals Distribution ~n Core 1 ....................... 11

4 Clay Minerals Distribution ~n Core 2 ....................... 12

5 Clay Minerals Distribution ~n Core 3 ....................... 13

6 Clay Minerals Distribution ~n Core 4 ............. ..... ..... 14

7 C~ay Minerals Distribution ~n Core 5 ....................... 15

8 CLay Minerals Distribution ~n Core 6 .. . .. .. .. . .. .. . .. .. .. .. 16

9 Clay ~inerals Distribution ~n Core 7 ..... , ... .... .......... 17

10 Clay Minerals Distribution ~n Core 8 .............. ,, ....... 18

11 Ctay ~inerals Distribution ~n Core 9 ....................... 19

12 Clay Minerals Distribution ~n Core 10 ...................... 20

13 C~ay ~inerals Distribution ~n Core 11 ...................... 21

14 Clay '1inerals Distribution m Core 12 ...................... 22

15 Clay ~inerals Distribution ~n Core 13 ...................... 23

16 Clay Minerals Distribution ~n Core 14 ...................... 24

17 Clay Minerals Distribution ~n Core 15 ...................... 25

18 Clay ~1inerals Distribution ~n Core 16 ...................... 26

19 Clay ~inerals Distribution ~n Core 17 ...................... 27

20 Clay Minerals Distribution m Core 18 ...................... 28

21 Clay :1inerals Distribution ~n Core 19 ...................... 29

22 Clay Minerals Distribution ~n Core 20 ...................... 30

23 Clay Minerals Distribution ~n Core 21 ...................... 31

24 Clay Minerals Distribution ~n Core 22 ............. . ........ 32

25 Clay Minerals Distribution ~n Core 23 ...................... 33

26 Clay Minerals Distribution ~n Core 24 ...................... 34

27 Clay Minerals Distribution ~n Core 25 ...................... 35

28 Clay Minerals Distribution ~n Core 26 ...................... 36

29 Clay Minerals Distribution ~n Core 27 ...................... 37

30 Clay Minerals Distribution ~n Core 28 ...................... 38

~~

LIST OF TABLES

TABLE

PAGE

1. Minerals Reported from the Hawthorne Group Sediments by Previous Workers ...................... . 7

2. Clay Mineral Composition Means for Samples Statistically Analyzed ................................... . 9

3. Clay Mineral Composition Means for Samples Not

-,.,..;....

Statistically Analyzed ................................... . 10

4. Results of the Kruskal-Wallis Analysis of Variance .............................................. . .. . 40

5. Results of Scheffe Method Tests ......................... .. 42

iii

APPENDICES APPENDIX A -- Compilation of X-Ray Diffraction Results
for Major Clay Minerals APPENDIX B -- Compilation of Chlorite Compositions APPENDIX C -- Core Locations, Designations, and Depths
1V

INTRODUCTION This study is part of a regional investigation of the mineralogy, biostratigraphy, and lithology of the Hawthorne Group. This portion of the investigation consists of the compilation and statistical evaluation of X-ray diffraction data from 713 samples obtained from 28 cores. The results of this study are intended to provide a clay mineral data base from which interpretations concerning the clay mineral origins and distributions can be made. The stratigraphic relationships of the formations which compose the Hawthorne Group and associated formations are shown in Figure 1.
1

GEOLOGIC UNITS SAMPLED

EPOCH Up dip
PLEISTOCENE

ONSHORE
Fm.

OFFSHORE Downdip

E
lL
MIOCENE

O..JGOCENE

EOCENE

Ocala Gp.

~ STRATIGRAPHIC GAP
*Recognized as Penney Farms in Florida

E
lL
......
Q)
0. 0 0
0
Unnamed

Figure 1. Stratigraphic Correlation Chart (After Huddlestun, in prep.)
2

STUDY AREA AND PREVIOUS WORK
Interest 1n the clay mineralogy of the Hawthorne Group has been primarily due to the presence of palygorskite and sepiolite. This 1s because palygorskite and sepiolite are: (1) major mineral components of Georgia's econom1c deposits of Fuller's earth (the Fuller's earth 1s stratigraphically equivalent to the Hawthorne Group), (2) rare from the standpoint of worldwide occurrence, and (3) believed to have formed authigenically.
The study area (Figure 2) was, to some extent, determined by the availability of cores. It was also necessary that the study area 1nelude Miocene-age marine sediments, so as to assure the reliability of stratigraphic correlation (by paleontology). Given these constraints, the geographic area investigated did not include the thick econom1c deposits of palygorskite and sepiolite in southwest Georgia.
The areas from which the cores were taken are southeastern Georgia, southwestern South Carolina, and northeastern Florida. The Georgia cores were taken from Screven, Effingham, Chatham, Bryan, Wayne, Camden, and Charlton Counties. The cores from Florida were taken from Nassau, Baker, Clay, Bradford, Putnam, and Alachua Counties. The single core from South Carol ina was from Jasper County. General locations of the cores can be found in Figure 2 and specific locations are given 1n Appendix C.
Previous investigations of the mineralogy of the Hawthorne Group were made by McClellan (1964), Reynolds 0962), Patterson and Buie (1974), Heron and Johnson 0966), Gremi 11 ion (1965), and Weaver and Beck (1977). Semiquant it at i ve estimation of clay mineral abundances are included 1n the studies of McClellan (1964), Weaver and Beck ( 1977), and Heron and Johnson ( 1966). Reynolds (1962) 1n his study
3

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/ 'SCREVEN
23

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)'H"MPT\~~-\
'
- / , """\../', ' -

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15...

,

12 ')

JASPER ')

\_, \,

.,BULLOCH\. Ql

./BEAUFORT

\t:ANDLER,

') ~ ~ {"\./

c-~~"- _,..,It ,..- "'.

\, \.'v4\tst_,..- t,/-'1o 's s

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28

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"-

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l

BACON'"'-.,
_. _(

~-~

WAYNE e26

YM~ ciNTOSH

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'l PIERCE\-- .......,.

~-

,..
l

WARE'":::_:'A-A-NTLEY - I~-GLYNN

\ -__l_r"' \ '

J

'---1

e5



> \ \ CHARLTON CAMDEN

l1l,--l 6e I

II

I

.........__,

/

..........

/
, DUVAL

V I" I BAKER 24

I I

-

-

-.

r

l

-

r-
21

-

-

-

t

.,l

"'"l._

_

L\UNION/~~(<>I\ CLAY ')

J . \/-."..'." .,..__,.~.-~- ....~-. --
II- \I\,_;- ALACHUA

0

\e13

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' ,----

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I PUTNAM L - _,..-

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20e r--' -<.,.

\FLAGLER

1 ' ~-----,

J ,_,.-

-"\. _....->\_ __

EXPLANATION
CORE HOLE
- - - COUNTY BOUNDARY

-

STATE BOUNDARY

0

20

40

60 MILES

Figure 2. Location Map of Cores. 4

included relative abundances of clays based on visual estimations from diffractograms. A listing of the minerals found 1n the Hawthorne Group by previous investigators 1s given 1n Table 1. The most comprehensive of the above studies is that of Weaver and Beck, (1977) who conclude that .... "palygorskite and sepiolite were formed 1n brackish water probably under schizohaline conditions. Sepiolite was deposited in the fresher-water environment."
LABORATORY METI-fODS
The stratigraphic assignments and samples of the cores were provided by Paul Huddlestun. Approximately one-half of the samples 1vere processed and analyzed hy personnel at the Georgia Institute of Technology. The remainder of the analyses were performed by Georgia Geologic Survey personnel using the same laboratory techniques as were used by Georgia Institute of Technology personnel. Each sample was crushed to a powder and dispersed in deionized water for approximately one minute with a blender. If the suspended clay flocculated after this dispersion, several ml of calgon solution (4mg/100 ml H20) were added and the suspension placed in an ultrasonic bath for several minutes. After a nonflocculating dispersion of the clay was achieved, a gravity separation of the particles smaller than two microns was made. In accordance with the equation of Folk (1955, p. 40), after a settling time of 13 minutes, clay from the top 0.3 em of the suspension was removed with an eyedropper and deposited on a glass microscope slide.
Each oriented clay slide was saturated with ethylene glycol vapor and then examined by X-ray diffraction. As the 001 d iff rae t ion peak
5

areas for kaolinite, illite and smectite* and the 110 diffraction peak areas of palygorskite, and sepiolite are related to the compositional abundances of these minerals (Carrol, 1970, p.65), the areas of these specific peaks were measured using a planimeter and the presence of other minerals noted. In diffractograms where the palygorskite (110) peak overlaps the illite (001) peak or the sepiolite (llO) peak, the peak areas were visually partitioned.
To correct for the intrinsically low diffraction intensities of illite, kaolinite, palygorskite, and sepiolite, their peak areas were multiplied hy mineral specific constants 1n order to approximate mineral abundance. The constants used for the correction of the illite and kaolinite peak areas are 9.4 and 7.1 respectively (Heath and Pisias, 1979) and the palygorskite and sepiolite constants are 3.0 and 2.0 respectively (Weaver and Beck, 1977). Because crystallinity, particle size, and chemical composition affect the accuracy of such analyses, truly quantitative values for the current study would have required that new constants be established specifically for the sediments examined in this study. Even if such constants had been developed, it is possible the parameters that affect the constants (crystallinity, particle size, and chemical composition) would vary enough with respect to depth (time) to invalidate quantitative measurements of clay mineralogy. Since the establishment of these constants was not feasible, the percentage mineral composition of the clay fractions is semiquantitative.
*smectite is the name of the group of expandable clay minerals which includes montmorillonite.
6

TABLE 1. MINERALS REPORTED FROM THE HAWTHORNE GROUP SEDIMENTS BY PREVIOUS WORKERS

CLAY MINERALS

OTHER MINERALS

kaolinitel,2,3,4,5,6*

calcitel,3,4,5,6

si 11 imanite 3 ' 6

illite1,2,4,5,6

dolomite1,3,4,5,6

rutile 36

palygorskite (attapulgite)l,2,3,4,5,6

phosphate minerals1,3,4,5,6

ilmenite 3

-.1

sepiolitel,2,3,4,5,6

microclinel,6 feldspar2,3,5

zircon6

smectite (montmorillonite)l,2,3,4,5,6 Fe-chlorite6

orthoclasel,6 I
opal, cristobalite1,3,5,6

t

ou

rma

1

.
~ne

6

staurolite 6

chert2

kyanite 6

pyrite 2

biotite 6

garnet3

muscovite 6

Clinoptilolite4,6

* 1- McClellan (1964), 2- Reynolds (1962), 3- Patterson and Buie (1974), 4- Heron and Johnson (1966), 5 -Gremillion (1965), 6 -Weaver and Beck (1977)

The percentage of each clay mineral in each sample was calculated from the corrected diffraction peak areas of the clay-size fraction. Semi-quantitative clay mineral compositions as well as the occurrences of non-clay minerals are listed 1n Appendix A. The precision of this method (one standard deviation) 1s !2.2, !2.9, and !1.5 percent for smectite, illite, and kaolinite respectively.
RESULTS The geologic units involved in the analyses, the number of samples examined, and the mean clay mineral compositions are given in Table 2. Similar information is given 1n Table 3 for geologic units for which less than 20 samples were available. Comparisons of the mean clay mineral compositions of var1ous geologic units suggest that there are some obvious clay mineralogy differences between the units, such as, the Marks Head Formation being high in palygorskite. However, examination of the stratigraphic distribution of clay mineral compositions (Sm
smectite, P =palygorskite, S = sepiolite, I = illite, K =kaolinite, C
= chlorite) in Figures 3 through 30 indicates that there is a high variability of clay mineral composition that 1s not obviously related to stratigraphic position. Thus, in order to determine which mean clay mineral compositions are significantly different, statistical analyses were performed.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS In the statistical analysis the clay mineral composition data were grouped on the basis of stratigraphic occurrence (formations or groups). No consideration was given to the core from which a sample was obtained. Data for any geologic unit which did not contain 20 samples were not analyzed. The cells, stratigraphic horizons, number
8

TABLE 2. CLAY MINERAL COMPOSITION MEANS FOR SAMPLES STATISTICALLY ANALYZED

Geologic Unit

Number of
Samples

Means (%) Smect i te Pa l ygorskite Se pio l ite Ill i te Kaolinite

Pleistocene

Formations (2)*

33

37.5

4.8

0.0

14.5

43.0**

Pliocene

Formations (3)

41

27.5

4. 5

3.8

13.9

49.8**

Coosawhatchie

Formations (6)

233

42.9

14.1

7.4

32.5

3.1

C1) ~

Marks Head

0..0

1-1 C1) 0
~rl...cu 1-1 :3:

Formation (7) Parachucla***

220

31.4

41.2

14.6

10.2

2.1

I'll I'll ~;:I:l

Formation (8)

120

54.6

12.2

6.8

18.7

7.7

I

C1)

~

rl

1-1

I'll ~
C1) C1)

~ ~ ~

I'll"" 1-1

c:: rl

1-1 I'll

..r0:::

bOS.u

1-1 0 :3:

I'll 0 I'll

~z:r:

Altamaha Formation (11)

21

62.0

1.5

Oligocene

Formations (9)

22

67.4

9.9

- - - - - -

* Number used for formation identification ** Also contains chlorite *** Recognized as Penney Farms Formation in Florida

0.0

11.9

24.6**

4.4

14.6

3.7

TABLE 3. CLAY MINERAL COMPOSITION MEANS FOR SAMPLES NOT STATISTICALLY ANALYZED

Geologic Unit

Number of
Samples

Means (%) Smectite Palygorskite Sepiolite Illite Kaolinite

Hawthorne (5)*

Undifferentiated

3

26.9

1.2

0.0

54.2

17.7

......

Q) Hawthorne

0

p
1-4

Equivalen~ (lO)

11

17.3

58.6

4.0

6.5

13.6

Q) 0

..P... . . C.u
1-4 ~

Upper Miocene

:C:'eCI::::Cc'CI

Hawthorne

Equivalent (12)

7

15.9

21.4

0.0

31.2

31.5

Q)
p

Qc:)

..... 1-4

1-4 0

aC'CI..C .u p ~

z0::cC'CI

Screven Fonnation (4)

2

0.0

0.0

* Number used for formation identification ** Also contains chlorite

0.0

0.0

97.5**

0
50
CORE I
100 1w w
~ I 1-
0w...
0
150
200

CYPRESSHEAD FM., (PLIOCENE)
COOSAWHATCHIE FM., HAWTHORNE GP.
MARKS HEAD FM., HAWTHORNE GP.
s

CUMULATIVE COMPOSITION (%)
Figure 3. Clay Minerals Distr~bution in Core 1 (Georgia Power B-41). K-kaolinite, 1-illite, S-sepiolite, P-palygorskite, Sm-smectite, C-Chlorite
11

0

50

100

i=
UJ
Uu.J.. ~ 150
b::
UJ
0

CORE 2

Sm
200

NASHUA FM., (PLIOCENE)
COOSAWHATCHIE FM., HAWTHORNE GP.

MARKS HEAD FM ., HAWTHORNE GP. 250

0 N
CUMULATIVE COMPOSITION (%)

PARACHUCLA FM., HAWTHORNE GP.

Figure 4. Clay Minerals Distribution in Core 2 (Fta. Bureau of Geotogy W-8400). K-kaolinite, !-illite, S-sepiolite, P-palygorskite, Sm-smectite, C-Chlorite
12

0
50
CORE 3
100 1w -
UJ ~
~ 150
0... UJ 0
200
250

CYPRESSHEAD FM.,

K

(PLIOCENE)

CUMULATIVE COMPOSITION (%)
Figure 5. Clay Minerals Distribution in Core 3 (Fla. Bureau of Geology W-10482). K-kaolinite, I-illite, S-sepiolite, P-palygorskite, Sm-smectite, C-Chlorite
13

0 50

100

1UJ

UJ

!b

:r:
t

~

CORE 4

150~------~~~~--------~

COOSAWHATCHIE FM., HAWTHORNE GP.

200

CUMULATIVE COMPOSITION (%)
Figure 6. Clay Minerals Distribution in Core 4 (GGS 1337, Bryan 2). K-kaolinite, I-illite, S-sepiolite, P-palygorskite, Sm-smectite, C-Chlorite
14

0
CORE 5
100 1w w
LL I
1-
w0...
0
150
200

COOSAWHATCHIE FM., HAWTHORNE GP.

CUMULATIVE COMPOSITION (%)
Figure 7. Clay Minerals Distribution in Core 5 (GGS 1339, Camden 2). K-kaolinite, I-illite, 8-sepiolite, P-palygorskite, Sm-smectite, C-Chlorite
15

0
CORE 6

150

200

.....
w
UJ u_
~ 250
I 1Cl...
~

Sm

300

350

400

450

COOSAWHATCHIE FM., HAWTHORNE GP .
MARKS HEAD FM., HAWTHORNE GP.
PARACHUCLA FM., HAWTHORNE GP.

CUMULATIVE COMPOSITION (%)
Figure 8. Clay Minerals Distribution in Core 6 (GGS 3185, Charlton 2). K-kaolinite, !-illite, S-sepiolite, P-palygorskite, Sm-smectite, C-Chlorite
16

0

CORE 7

Sm

SATILLA FM., (PLEISTOCENE)

~

UJ

UJ

~

Sm

I

l:L
UJ
0

150

DUPLIN FM. (PLIOCENE) COOSAWHATCHIE FM ., HAWTHORNE GP.
MARKS HEAD FM., HAWTHORNE GP.

200
PARACHUCLA FM., HAWTHORNE GP.

LAZARETTO CREEK FM., (OLIGOCENE)

250 ~~~~~~~--~~~~

0 C\1

0

0

0

<0

co

0

T""

CUMULATIVE COMPOSITION (%)

Figure 9. Clay Minerals Distribution in Core 7 (GGS 535, Chatham 1). K-kaolinite, I-illite, S-sepiolite, P-palygorskite, Sm-smectite, C-Chlorite
17

0
CORE 8
Sm
100
I 1--
Q._
UJ 0
150
200

K

SATILLA FM.,

(PLEISTOCENE)

HAWTHORNE UNDIFFERENTIATED
COOSAWHATCHIE FM., HAWTHORNE GP.
MARKS HEAD FM., HAWTHORNE GP.
PARACHUCLA FM., HAWTHORNE GP. LAZARETTO CREEK FM., ( OLIGOCENE)

CUMULATIVE COMPOSITION (%)
Figure 10. Clay Minerals Distribution in Core 8 (GGS 1341, Chatham 3). K-kao1inite, I-il1ite, S-sepio1ite, P-palygorskite, Sm-smectite, C-Chlorite
18

0
CORE 9
50
Sm
100

CYPRESSHEAD FM., (PLIOCENE)
COOSAWHATCHIE FM., HAWTHORNE GP.

~
LLJ
uLL..J
150
I
~
CL
LLJ 0

200

p

MARKS HEAD FM., HAWTHORNE GP.

PARACHUCLA FM.,

Sm

HAWTHORNE GP.

250~--------------~~--~
LAZARETTO CREEK FM.

(OLIGOCENE)

CUMULATIVE COMPOSITION (%)
Figure 11. Clay Minerals Distribution in Core 9 (GGS 3139, Chatham 14). K-kaolinite, I-illite, S-sepiolite, P-palygorskite, Sm-smectite, C-Chlorite
19

0
CORE I 0
Sm
50

CYPRESSHEAD FM.,

K

(PLIOCENE)

100
1ww-
LL 150
I 1-0...
w
0
200
Sm
250

COOSAWHATCHIE FM., K HAWTHORNE GP.

MARKS HEAD FM.,

p

HAWTHORNE GP.

s

P LAZARETTO CREEK FM ., (OLIGOCENE)

' .

CUMULATIVE COMPOSITION (%)

Figure 12. Clay Minerals Distribution in Core 10 (GGS 3135, Chatham 15). K-kaolinite, I-illite, 8-sepiolite, P-palygorskite, Sm-smectite, C-Chlorite
20

0

50 CORE I I

100
Iww
u..
I I-
Q..
UJ 0
150

Sm

PLEISTOCENE UN DIFFERENT! ATED K COOSAWHATCHIE FM., HAWTHORNE GP.
MARKS HEAD FM., HAyYTHORNE GP.

200

CUMULATIVE COMPOSITION (%)
Figure 13. Clay ~inerals Distribution in Core 11 (GGS 1445, Chatham 13). K-kaolinite, !-illite, S-sepiolite, P-palygorskite, Sm-smectite, C-Chlorite
21

0 CORE I 2

COOSAWHATCHIE FM., K HAWTHORNE GP.

200
CUMULATIVE COMPOSITION(%)
Figure 14. Clay Minerals Distribution in Core 12 (S. Carolina Geologic Survey, Dawson Landing).
K-kaolinite, 1-illite, S-sepiolite, P-palygorskite, Sm-smectite, C-Chlorite 22

0
50
CORE 13
100
Sm
150

.....
UJ
Uu.J.
a~.. 2.50
UJ Cl

Sm

300
Sm
350

400

450

K

CYPRESSHEAD FM.,

(PLIOCENE)

COOSAWHATCHIE FM., HAWTHORNE GP .

MARKS HEAD FM., HAWTHORNE GP. PAR ACHUCLA FM., HAWTHORNE GP.

CUMULATIVE COMPOSITION (%)
Figure 15. Clay Minerals Distribution in Core 13 (Fla. Bureau of Geology W-10488). K-kaolinite, 1-illite, S-sepiolite, P-palygorskite, Sm-smectite, C-Chlorite
23

50
100
.....
w w
l.L
I.....
w0...
D
150
s
200

CYPRESSHEAD FM., (PLIOCENE)
MARKS HEAD FM., HAWTHORNE GP.
PARACHUCLA FM., HAWTHORNE GP.

0

0

N

'<:!'

CUMULATIVE COMPOSITION (%)

Figure 16. Clay Minerals Distribution in Core 14 (GGS 2179, Effingham 6). K-kaolinite, 1-illite, S-sepiolite, P-palygorskite, Sm-smectite, C-Chlorite
24

0
CORE 15
50
Sm
100 i=
U1 U1 lL I
1-
Q..
U1
0
150
200

UPPER PARACH UCLA FM., HAWTHORNE GP.
LOWER PARACHUCLA FM., HAWTHORNE GP.
SUWANNEE LS. (OLIGOCENE)
OCALA GP . (EOCENE)

CUMULATIVE COMPOSITION (%)
Figure 17. Clay Minerals Distribution in Core 15 (GGS 3108, Effingham 10). K-kaolinite, I-i1lite, S-sepiolite, P-pa1ygorskite, Sm-smectite, C-Chlorite
25

.,_
UJ UJ LL
.I,_
CL UJ
0
200-

CYPRESSHEAD FM., (PLIOCENE)
MARKS HEAD FM., HAWTHORNE GP .

PARACHUCLA FM., HAWTHORNE GP.

s

SUWANNEE LS .

(OLIGOCENE)

250 L-~-o~~-oL-~~oL-L-~o--~

N

'<:!'

CO

CO

,....

CUMULATIVE COMPOSITION (%)

Figure 18. Clay Minerals Distribution in Core 16 (GGS 3109, Effingham 11). K-kaolinite, I-illite, S-sepiolite, P-palygorskite, Sm-smectite, C-Chlorite
26

0
- CYPRESSHEAD FM., (PLIOCENE)

50

MARKS HEAD FM.,

HAWTHORNE GP.

~---

100
1L.U L.U
LL
I 10... L.U 0
150

Sm

LOWER PARACHUCLA FM.,
HAWTHORNE GP.
SUWANNEE LS . (OLIGOCENE)
p

200 -

OCALA GP . (EOCENE)

CUMULATIVE COMPOSITION (%)
Figure 19. Clay Minerals Distribution in Core 17 (GGS 3110, Effingham 12). K-kaolinite, !-illite, 8-sepiolite, P-palygorskite, Sm-smectite, C-Chlorite
27

0
1-
w w u...
I I-
Cw...
0
150
200

PLEISTOCENE UN DIFFERENTIATED
COOSAWHATCHIE FM., HAWTHORNE GP . MARKS HEAD FM., HAWTHORNE GP .

0

0

0

N

"<t

<D

or-

CUMULATIVE COMPOSITION (%)

Figure 20. Clay Minerals Distribution in Core 18 (GGS 1394, Chatham 10). K-kaolinite, I-i1lite, 8-sepiolite, P-palygorskite, Sm-smectite, C-Chlorite
28

CORE 19
100
Sm
1UJ
Uu.J. I 250
10.. UJ 0
350

CYPRESSHEAD FM., (PLIOCENE)
COOSAWHATCHIE FM., HAWTHORNE GP.
MARKS HEAD FM., HAWTHORNE GP.
LAZARETTO CREEK FM . (OLIGOCENE)

Figure 21. Clay Minerals Distribution in Core 19 (GGS 3155, Effingham 14). K-kaolinite, I-illite, S-sepiolite, P-palygorskite, Sm-smectite, C-Chlorite
29

0
Sm

COOSAWHATCHIE FM., HAWTHORNE GP.

MARKS HEAD FM., HAWTHORNE GP.

fw -

w

lL

HAWTHORNE

I f-

1--....:a;;:a:--------!--.....J__UN Dl FFER EN Tl ATE D

(l_

w

0

150

200

CUMULATIVE COMPOSITION (%)
Figure 22. Clay Minerals Distribution in Core 20 (Fla. Bureau of Geology W-11486). K-kaolinite, 1-illite, S-sepiolite, P-palygorskite, Sm-smectite, C-Chlorite
30

0
50
CORE 2 I
100
Sm
150

200
fww
LL
I 250
f--
0w...
0
300

Sm

350

400
Sm
450

_NASHUA FM., (PLEISTOCENE)
COOSAWHATCHIE FM., K HAWTHORNE GP.
MARKS HEAD FM., HAWTHORNE GP.
PARACHUCLA FM., HAWTHORNE GP.

CUMULATIVE COMPOSITION (%)
Figure 23. Clay Minerals Distribution in Core 21 (Fla. Bureau of Geology W-12360). K-kaolinite, 1-illite, S-sepiolite, P-palygorskite, Sm-smectite, C-Chlorite
31

0
100
I-
LlJ LlJ LL
I I0...
LlJ
0
150
200

SATILLA FM. (PLEISTOCENE)
COOSAWHATCHIE FM., HAWTHORNE GP.
MARKS HEAD FM., HAWTHORNE GP.

CUMULATIVE COMPOSITION (%)
Figure 24. Clay Minerals Distribution in Core 22 (GGS 1164, Petit Chou). K-kao1inite, I-il1ite, S-sepio1ite, P-palygorskite, Sm-smectite, C-Chlorite
32

0
CORE 23
100
1UJ UJ
LL
I I-
C....
UJ 0
150
200

c
K

SCREVEN FM., HAWTHORNE EQUIVALENT

ALTAMAHA FM., HAWTHORNE GP.

PARACHUCLA FM . HAWTHORNE GP.

CUMULATIVE COMPOSITION (%)
Figure 25. Clay Minerals Distribution in Core 23 (GGS 3198. Screven 8). K-kaolinite, 1-illite, S-sepiolite, P-palygorskite, Sm-smectite, C-Chlorite
33

0

50

100

1LU
LuU... ~ 150
I
l:;::
LU
0

CORE 24

200

250

K COOSAWHATCHIE FM., HAWTHORNE GP.
K

CUMULATIVE COMPOSITION (%)
Figure 26. Clay Minerals Distribution in Core 24 (Fla. Bureau of Geology W-10473) . K-kaolinite, I-illite, S-sepiolite, P-palygorskite, Sm-smectite, C-Chlorite
34

0

50
CORE 25
100 p
fLU LU
LL
I f0.... LU 0
150

MARKS HEAD FM., HAWTHORNE GP.

200

250~~~~--L-~~~~~~~

0

0

C\1

"<t

CUMULATIVE COMPOSITION (%)

Figure 27. Clay Minerals Distribution in Core 25 (U.S.G.S., Chatham 484). K-kaolinite, I-illite, S-sepiolite, P-palygorskite, Sm-smectite, C-Chlorite
35

0
CORE 26
100 150

CYPRESSHEAD FM., (PLIOCENE)
COOSAWHATCHIE FM., HAWTHORNE GP.

fUJ UJ
LL
I fa_-
UJ
0
450 -
500
550 -
600

MARKS HEAD FM., HAWTHORNE GP.
PARACHUCLA FM., HAWTHORNE GP.

CUMULATIVE COMPOSITION (%)
Figure 28. Clay Minerals Distribution in Core 26 (GGS 3512, Wayne 2). K-kaolinite, 1-illite, S-sepiolite, P-palygorskite, Sm-smectite, C-Chlorite
36

0

50 CORE 27

100

f-

uUw.J.

;; 150

s

f-0...

UJ 0

200

Sm 250

UPPER MIOCENE-.

K

HAWTHORNE

EQUIVALENT

K K

COOSAWHATCHIE FM ., HAWTHORNE GP.

COOPER FM. PARACHUCLAEQUIVALENT

300 L-~~o--L-~o--L-o~~-o~~~

C\J

-::t

<D

ro

CUMULATIVE COMPOSITION (%)

Figure 29. Clay Minerals Disbribution in Core 27 (U.S.G.S. 6002). K-kaolinite, 1-illite, S-sepiolite, P-palygorskite, Sm-smectite, C-Chlorite
37

r-
UJ

PLIOCENE

UJ

!:::

I
11:
UJ
0

HAWTHORNE EQUIVALENT

CUMULATIVE COMPOSITION (%)
Figure 30. Clay Minerals Distribution in Core 28 (U.S.G.S. 6004). K-kaolinite, I-illite, S-sepiolite, P-palygorskite, Sm-smectite, C-Chlorite
38

of samples, and variables tested (minerals) are given in Table 2. Similar information is given in Table 3 for geologic units for which less than 20 samples were available.
In order to determine if there are significant differences between the geologic units with respect to the clay mineral composition, a Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance of ranks (Siegel, 1956, p. 184-194) was performed for each clay mineral. This is a nonparametric test and it was used because a preliminary examination found that the data are not normally distributed. In each of the Kruskal-Wallis tests, the null hypothesis was that all of the measurements for each variable came from a single population. That is, with respect to the clay mineral under consideration, there is no significant difference between the different geologic units.
Each clay mineral was tested by a separate Kruskal-Wallis analySlS, For each clay mineral the compositional data from all of the geologic units were ranked by ascending numerical value. The individual values were assigned ranks, with the smallest value having a rank of 1, the next smallest a rank of 2, and so on for each value. The resulting ranks are approximately normally distributed (Dixon and
Massey, 1969, p. 344). The Kruskal-Wallis statistic H = 12/(N(N+l))
~R 2 i/ni - 3(N + l) (Siegel, 1956) was used. In the above equation N is the total number of observations (690), Ri is the sum of the ranks for geologic unit i and ni is the number of observations for geologic unit 1. For each clay mineral, the above equation was used to test the hypothesis that there are no significant differences in clay mineral composition among the seven geologic units evaluated. The H statistic calculated for each mineral 1s given 1n Table 4 along with the critical x2 value. If the H statistic exceeds the x2 value the null hypothesis of equality of the geologic units is rejected.
39

TABLE 4. RESULTS OF KRUSKAL-WALLIS ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE

Critical X2 .95,6
12.6

H*
128.3 119.6
90.6 150.3 147.0

Mineral
Smectite Palygorskite Sepiolite Illite Kaolinite

*The statistic calculated which follows a x2 distribution

40

The null hypothesis was tested and rejected for each of the clay minerals at the 0.95 probability level. The Kruskal-Wallis test, however, does not provide information as to which geologic units (or unit) are significantly different in clay mineral composition; it only proves that one or more are not equal. In order to determine which geologic units (or unit) were different in clay mineral composition, it was necessary to use a parametric statistical method that is normally used 1n analysis of var1ance as a second step. The method used was Scheffe's method (Guenther, 1964, p. 57) for multiple comparisons (hereafter referred to as the S-method). According to Guenther (1964, p. 58) "An additional advantage associated with this method (S-method) is that i.t i.s known to be affected very little if the assumptions of normality and equal variances are not satisfied." For example, the S-
method can examine orthogonal contrasts such as 11 7p - 11 6p = 0 where
11 7p is the mean p (palygorskite) composition of formation 7 (Marks Head) and 116p ts the mean p (palygorskite) composition of formation 6 (Coosawhatchie). The above equation 1s a mathematical expression of the hypothesis that the mean palygorskite contents of the Marks Head and Coosawhatchie Formations are equal. For a lucid discussion of the equations and statistical methods used in testing such orthogonal contrasts, the reader is directed to Guenter (1964, pp. 50-59).
The S-method test yields two numbers, the upper limit and the lower limit of a confidence interval. If the numerical range defined by these limits includes zero, the data passes the S-method test and the means are not statistically different. The results of S-method tests on the selected hypotheses are significant at the 0.95 confidence level and are given in Table 5.
41

TABLE 5 Geologic Units Tested for Equal Mineral Composition Means
Pleistocene and Pliocene Compared to Marine Hawthorne Group
~
N
Marginal Marine - Nonmarine Hawthorne Group Compared to the Marine Hawthorne Group

RESULTS OF SCHEFFE' METHOD TESTS

Orthogonal Contrast Tested*

Lower Limit

~2m+ ~3m+ ~9m- ~(,m- ~m - ~m = 0 ~2p + ~3p + ~9p - ~~0 - ~7p - ~8p = lJ ~25 + ~3s + ~9s - ~65 - ~7s - ~8s = 0
~2i + ~3i + ~9i - ~6i - ~7i - Psi = 0 p2k + ~3k + ~9k - p6k - p7k - p8k = 0
Pllm + ~11m + P11m - P6m - ~7m - ~8m = 0 ~llp + ~llp + ~llp - ~6p - ~7p - ~8p = 0 ~lls + ~lls + ~ls - ~6s - ~75 - ~8s = 0 ~lli + ~1li + ~lli - ~6i ~7i - ~8i = 0 ~llk + ~llk + ~llk - ~6k - ~7k - ~8k = 0

-22.7 -75.6 -35.1 -39.8
64.2 26.4 -94.7 -45.9 -50.9 38.3

Upper Limit
29.7 -22.1
-5.7 3.1
103.0 87.6
-32.3 -11.5 - 0.7
43.0

Result
Not Significant
.Rejected
Rejected Not Significant Rejected Rejected Rejected Rejected Rejected Rejected

*Numbers in prefix are formation identification numbers (see table 1). Letters in
prefixes designate clay minerals where; m =smectite, p =palygorskite, s- sepiolite, i - illite, k = kaolinite.

TABLE 5 (Cont'd)
Geologic Units Tested for Equal Mineral Composition Means
Marks Head Formation Compared to the Coosawhatchie and Parachucla Formations
.p. w
Parachucla Formation Compared to the Marks Head and Coosawhatchie Formations

Orthogonal Contrast Tested*
~7m + ~7m - ~6m - ~8m = 0 ~7p + ~7p - ~6p - ~ 8p = 0 ~7s + u7s - ~6s - ~8s = 0 ~7i + ~7i - ~6i - ~8i = 0 ~7k + ~7k - ~6k - ~8k = 0 ~8m + ~8m - P7m - ~6m = 0 Pgp + Pgp - ~7p - ~6p = 0
.p8s + p8s - p 7s - ~6s = 0
Psi + Psi - P7i - P6i = 0
p8k + p8k - p7k - p6k = 0

Lower Limit
-46.0 45.7 8.7 -40.1 -15.0 22.8 -44.0 -15.2 -15.3 1.1

Upper Limit
-23.5 68.7 21.3
-21.6 1.7
47.2 -19.0 - 1.5
4.7 19.2

Result
Rejected Rejected Rejected Rejected Not Significant Rejected Rejected Rejected Not Significant Rejected

*Numbers in prefix are formation identification numbers (see table 1). Letters in prefixes designate clay minerals Where; m =smectite, p ="palygorskite, s sepiolite, i - illite, k a kaolinite.

The differences of means shown in Table 2 (p.9) were tested for statistical significance. The hypothesis of equal clay mineral composition was tested for each of the following comparisons of geologic units.
(1) Marine Hawthorne Group Formations = overlying Pleistocene Formations and underlying Oligocene Formations.
( 2) Marginal marine-nonmarine Al tamaha Formation = mar1ne Haw-
thorne Group Formations.
( 3) Marks Head Formation = Parachuc la and Coosawhatchie Forma-
tions. (4) Parachucla Formation Marks Head and Coosawhatchie Forma-
tions. Based on these results the following conclusions were made: (1) The marine Hawthorne Group formations are significantly different in palygorskite, sepiolite, illite, and kaolinite contents from the over lying and underlying sediments. (2) The marginal marine-nonmar1ne Altamaha Formation of the Hawthorne Group is significantly different 1n smectite, palygorskite, sepiolite, illite, and kaolinite contents from marine Hawthorne Group formations. (3) The marine Hawthorne Group formations (Coosawhatchie, Marks Head, and Parachucla) are significantly different from each other in smectite, palygorskite, and sepiolite contents. (4) The kaolinite content of the Parachucla Formation is significantly different from the kaolinite content of the Coosawhatchie and the Marks Head Formations. (5) The illite content of the Marks Head Formation is significantly different from the illite contents of the Coosawhatchie and the Parachucla Formations.
44

CONCLUSIONS The two pr~mary conclusions of the study are: (1) the mar~ne portion of the Hawthorne Group is unique in its clay mineral composition when compared to associated sediments, and (2) the formations which compose the Hawthorne Group are significantly different from each other in clay mineral composition. These conclusions conform to the conclus~ons of Weaver and Beck (1977) and support the recent revision of Hawthorne Group stratigraphic relationships (Huddlestun, 1982).
45

REFERENCES CITED
Carrol, D., 1970, Clay Minerals: A guide to their x-ray identification: Boulder, Colorado, Geol. Soc. of America, Special Paper 126, 80 p.
Dixon, W.J., and Massey, F.J., 1969, Introduction to statistical analysis: New York, McGraw-Hill, 638 p.
Folk, R.L., 1965, Petrology of sedimentary rocks: Austin, Texas, Hemphill's, 159 p.
Gremillion, L.R., 1965, The origin of attapulgite in the Miocene strata of Florida and Georgia: Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Tallahassee, University of Florida, 159 p.
Guenther, W.C., 1964, Analysis of variance: Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, Prentice-Hall, 199 p.
Beath, G.R., and Pisias, N.G., 1979, A method for quantitative estimation of clay minerals in North Pacific deep-sea sediments: Clays and Clay Min., v. 27, no. 3, p. 175-184.
Heron, S.D., Jr., and Johnson, H.S., Jr., 1966, Clay mineralogy, stratigraphy and structural setting of the Hawthorne Formation, Coosawhatchie District, South Carolina: Southeastern Geology, v. 7, no. 2, February, p. 51-63.
Hudd1estun, P.F., 1982, The stratigraphic subdivision of the Hawthorne Group in Georgia, in Miocene of the Southeastern United States (abst.): Special Publication no. 25, Fla. Bureau of Geology, p. 183-184.
McClellan, G. H., 1964, Petrology of attapulgus clay in north Florida and southwest Georgia: Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Urbana, University of Illinois, 119 p.
Patterson, S.H., and Buie, B.F., 1974, Field conference on kaolin and Fuller's earth- Pt. II -Fuller's earth district of the MeigsAttapulgus-Quincy District, Georgia and Florida: Georgia Geol. Survey Guidebook 14, p. 23-53.
Reynolds, W.R., 1962, The lithostratigraphy and clay mineralogy of the Tampa-Hawthorne sequence of peninsular Florida: Unpublished M.S. thesis, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, 126 p.
Siegel, S., 1956, Nonparametric statistics for the behavioral sciences: New York, McGraw-Hill, 312 p.
Weaver, C.E., and Beck, K.C., 1977, Miocene of the S.E. United States: A model for chemical sedimentation in a peri-marine environment: Sed. Geol. v. 17, nos. 1/2, 234 p.
46

APPENDICES 47

APPENDIX A
COMPILATION OF X-RAY DIFFRACTION RESULTS FOR MAJOR CLAY MINERALS

SYMBOLS USED IN APPENDIX A
Formations (geologic units)
Pleistocene ........................................ , ................ 2 Pliocene ............................................................ 3 Screven ............................. , , ........... ...... ........ . , ... 4 (Hawthorne Group Undifferentiated) ............................ , ..... 5 Coosawhatchie ....................................................... 6 Marks Head , , , .... , . , .......... , , ................................... , 7 Parachuc la ................................... , , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 (01 igocene) .............. , .......... , ................... , ........... 9 (Hawthorne group equivalent) ........... , , . , ....... , ............... , 10 Al tamaha ......... , ......... , ....... , , ........ , , , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 (Upper Miocene Hawthorne Group equivalent) ......................... 12
Other Ar - aragonite Gb - gibbsite H-C - heulandite - clinoptilolite Ap - apatite D - dolomite Cf - cristobalite F - feldspar E - erionite G - geothite An - analcime C - chlorite L - laumontite

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core 1

Depth
Samp led
Feet I Smectite Palygorskite Sepiolite Illite Kaolinite I Formation Other

80.0

26.9

0.0

0.0

73.1

0.0

6

H-C

85.0

60.0

34.2

0.0

0.0

5.8

6

90.0

13.2

0.0

0.0

85.1

1.7

7

95.0

11.2

45.2

25.0

18.6

0.0

7

D

100.0

6.5

33.1

23.2

37.2

0.0

7

D

105.0

25.6

43.0

31.4

0.0

0.0

7

110.0

31.8

29.4

15.8

23.0

0.0

7

115.0

27.3

21.9

12.7

38.1

0.0

7

120.0

40.1

40.3

19.6

0.0

0.0

7

D

125.0

35.1

42.7

22.2

0.0

0.0

7

130.0 133.0

27.2 19.6

37.6 49.7

0.0

35.2

0.0

o.o

30.7

0.0

7

D

7

135.0

26.7

48.7

0.0

24.6

0.0

7

F

141.0

34.4

65.6

0.0

0.0

0.0

7

Ap

145.0

53.6

0.0

0.0

46.4

0.0

7

D

145.0

28.0

38.0

0.0

34.0

0.0

7

D

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.
1

Depth

I Sampled

Feet

Smectite

152.0

23.4

Palz!!!orskite 44.4

Sepiolite 0.0

Illite 32.2

Kaolinite l Formation

0.0

7

Other

160.0

34.1

22.9

10.2

32.8

0.0

7

F

170.0

35.3

37.9

7.1

19.7

0.0

7

175.0

38.8

30.4

2.8

28.0

0.0

7

180.0

50.2

44.8

5.0

0.0

0.0

7

185.0

46.5

49.9

0.0

3.6

0.0

7

2 157.5 165.5 174.0 180.0 190.0 202.0 205.0 220.5 221.0

28.0 34.0 66.1 40.9 35.8 29.0 29.5 45.7 53.2

72.0 0.0
11.2 59.1 53.7 71.0 70.5
0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10.5 0.0 0.0 41.0 36.9

0.0 21.0 22.7
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 13.3 9.9

0.0 45.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

2

D

2

6

6

D

6

D

6

D

6

D, Cr

6

H-C, D

6

D

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.

Depth

I Sam2le d
-Fe-et

Smectite

Palygorskite

Sepiolite

Illite

Kaolinite I Formation

Other

2 225.0

49.8

0.0

37.7

12.5

0.0

6

H-C, D

23.3.0

46.6

0.0

19.8

33.6

0.0

6

H-C, Ap

236.0

68.1

4.4

0.0

27.5

0.0

6

D

237.5

5.2

94.8

0.0

0.0

0.0

6

D

239.0

18.1

81.9

0.0

0.0

0.0

7

D

242.5

27.2

45.1

4.9

22.8

0.0

7

D

244.0

19.8

80.2

0.0

0.0

0.0

7

D

246.0

38.9

42.5

3.8

14.8

0.0

7

247 .o

34.5

57.8

7.7

0.0

0.0

7

250.0 253.0

12.9 37.9

54.8 24.6

32.3

0.0

0.0

37.5

0.0

o.o

7

Ap

7

D

261.0

43.2

56.8

0.0

0.0

0.0

7

D

267.5

72.1

4.0

1.1

22.8

0.0

8

D

270.0

44.3

55.7

0.0

0.0

0.0

8

Ap, D

275 . 0

42.2

15.8

26.8

15.2

0.0

8

Ap, D

287.0

8.8

57.3

0.0

33.9

0.0

8

D

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.

Depth

I Samp l e d

Feet

Smectite

Pal,l~orskite

Sepiolite

Illite

Kaolinite I Formation

Other

2 290.0

10.2

89.8

0.0

0.0

0.0

8

D

294.5

30.3

4 7.4

22.3

0.0

0.0

8

D

3

78.0

41.3

0.0

0.0

18.0

40.7

3

80.5

22.9

77.1

0.0

0.0

0.0

6

87.5

43.1

19.7

0.0

0.0

37.2

6

90.0

25.0

24.0

0.0

0.0

51.0

6

92.5

4.5

42.1

0.0

0.0

53.4

6

4 151.5

36.2

17.5

6.9

38.8

0.6

6

166.5

18.7

0.0

24.7

56.6

0.0

6

189.0

34.0

0.0

15.3

50.7

0.0

6

199.0

35.5

0.0

13.8

50.7

0.0

6

206.0

78.4

0.0

0.0

21.6

0.0

6

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core 5

De p t h Sampled
Feet I Smectite Palygorskite Sepiolite Illite Kaolinite I Formation Other

55.0

23.9

31.2

14.3

30.6

0.0

6

58.0

33.9

2.9

0.0

34.4

28.7

6

60.0

20.9

33.8

0.0

45.3

0.0

6

D

65.0

23.3

15.8

12.2

48.7

0.0

6

D

68.0 72.0

55.4 45.3

0.0

16.7

27.9

0.0

o.o

14.2

40.5

0.0

6

H-C, D

6

H-C

78.0

51.9

0.0

11.8

36.3

0.0

6

D

86.0

29.2

0.0

16.4

48.6

5.8

6

H-C, D

89.0

35 . 4

0.0

0.0

62.8

1.8

6

H-C, D

102.0

57.1

7.9

5.7

26.6

2.7

6

D

103.0

33.4

0.0

0.0

22.3

44.3

105.0

75.0

o.o

0.0

20.0

5.0

6

6

H-C, D

111.0

54.1

14.1

10.3

19.4

2.1

6

D

117.0

58.7

7.0

0.0

27.7

6.6

6

122.0

64.4

11.7

7.8

16.1

0.0

6

H-C, D,

Ap

\
I

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

- - Core
Cont.

Depth

- - I SamEled

Feet

Smectite

Palygorskite ~iolite

Illite

Kaolinite I Formation

Other

5 130.0

52.5

12.9

14.4

20.2

0.0

6

H-C

163.0

34.1

0.0

0.0

21.2

44.7

6

164.0

45.0

0.0

0.0

23.2

31.8

6

H-C

168.0

70.6

0.0

0.0

29.4

0.0

6

171.0

63.1

0.0

0.0

35.6

1.3

6

H-C

175.0

35.7

0.0

11.9

52.4

0.0

6

D

180.0

60.7

0.0

0.0

34.1

5.2

6

H-C

184.0

70.9

0.0

0.0

29.1

0.0

6

H-C

186.0

70.9

0.0

0.0

29.1

0.0

6

H-C

189.0

40.7

22.2

4.8

32.3

0.0

6

D

194.0

67.0

8.0

0.0

19.2

5.8

6

H-C

6

51.5

61.5

70.0

74.0

24.8 21.1 17.0
0.0

75.2 78.9 26.4 33.4

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

35.3

21.3

0.0

56.7

9.9

6

6

6

6

Ar

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.

Depth

I Sam~ l ed

Fe et

Smectite

Palygorskite

Sepiolite

Illite

Kaolinite I Formation Other

6

82.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

82.9

17.1

6

88.0

7.9

0.0

0.0

62.5

29.6

6

100.0

1.6

0.0

0.0

81.4

17.0

6

107.0

45.3

0.0

0.0

44.5

10.2

6

132.5

23.1

27.5

0.0

47.3

2.1

6

D

142.5

14.3

26.6

0.0

56.0

3.1

6

155.5

10.5

33.4

0.0

56.1

0.0

6

170.0

26.5

0.0

0.0

69.1

4.4

6

179.0

21.1

29.5

0.0

47.5

1.9

6

D, F

188.0

29.1

0.0

33.7

37.2

0.0

6

200.0

61.9

0.0

13.2

24.9

0.0

6

H-C, D, F

228.0

48.4

11.3

0.0

40.3

0.0

6

240.0

54.3

0.0

5.7

40.0

0.0

6

260.0

55.2

0.0

4.1

40.7

0.0

6

H-C, Ap

309.0

59.6

25.3

15.1

0.0

0.0

6

314.0

45.7

54.3

0.0

0.0

0.0

6

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.

Depth Sampled
Feet

I Smectite

Pallgorskite

Sepiolite

Illite

Kaolinite I Formation

Other

6 323.0

39.8

43.6

0.0

16.6

0.0

6

326.0

33.6

22.3

0.0

44.1

0.0

7

D

335.0

30.8

16.4

32.8

20.0

0.0

7

D

345.0

34.9

21.6

0.0

43.5

0.0

7

360.0

47.0

7.0

31.8

14.2

0.0

7

H-C, D

374.0

60.0

0.0

4.8

35.2

0.0

7

H-C

400.0

36.1

63.9

0.0

0.0

0.0

7

404.0

56.4

26.0

0.0

17.6

0.0

7

D

418.0

31.2

17.1

11.1

40.6

0.0

7

438.0

52.7

5.3

19.0

20.9

2.1

7

H-C, D

450.1

73.3

0.0

0.0

26.7

0.0

8

D

465.0

56.4

0.0

0.0

43.6

0.0

8

H-C, D

7

11.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

31.7

68.3

16.0

71.8

0.0

0.0

0.0

28.2

21.0

71.4

0.0

0.0

0.0

28.6

2

L

2

H-C

2

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.

Depth

I Sampled

Feet

Smectite

Palygorskite

Sepiolite

Illite

Kaolinite I Formation Other

7

25.0

67.1

0.0

0.0

24.5

8.4

2

30.0

39.4

0.0

0.0

17.6

43.0

2

33.0

36.3

0.0

0.0

21.4

42.3

2

L

35.0

40.9

0.0

0.0

8.3

50.8

2

39.0

35.3

0.0

0.0

18.1

46.6

2

40.0

36.8

0.0

0.0

16.2

47.0

2

42.5

38.4

0.0

0.0

20.2

41.4

2

46.0

38.2

0.0

0.0

22.4

39.4

2

48.0

40.9

0.0

0.0

23.0

36.1

2

51.0

26.1

34.6

25.1

0.0

14.2

3

54.0

4.2

0.0

0.0

91.7

4.1

6

59.0

13.7

0.0

0.0

80.8

5.5

6

L

64.0

17.5

34.6

0.0

47.9

0.0

6

L

68.5

21.7

40.2

38.1

0.0

0.0

6

73.0

15.3

0.0

26.6

58.1

0.0

6

Ar

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

-CCoo-rnet.

Depth Sampled
-Fe-et

I Smectite

Palygorskite

Sepiolite

Illite

I Kaolinite Formation -Other

7

80.0

26.0

0.0

45.9

28.1

0.0

6

85.0

20.1

0.0

36.0

43.9

0.0

6

90.0

28.9

0.0

36.5

34.6

0.0

6

95.0

10.9

0.0

9.2

75.3

4.6

6

L

100.0

0.0

0.0

8.8

91.2

0.0

6

105.0

45.4

0.0

15.2

39.4

0.0

6

110.0

43.8

0.0

16.0

40.2

0.0

6

115.0

47.2

0.0

22.7

30.1

0.0

6

120.0

38.7

0.0

10.8

50.5

0.0

6

L

125.0

45.5

0.0

0.0

53.5

1.0

6

L

130.0

37.3

35.2

27.5

0.0

0.0

6

F

137.0

69.1

0.0

0.0

30.9

0.0

6

140.0

30.1

0.0

0.0

62.4

7.5

6

146.0

100.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

6

150.0

38.1

0.0

0.0

61.9

0.0

6

L

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.

De:eth

I Sampled

Feet

Smectite

Palz:gorskite

Sepiolite

Illite

Kaolinite I Formation

Other

7 155.0

21.6

43.1

0.0

35.3

0.0

6

159~0

15.9

53.7

0.0

30.4

0.0

7

D

163.0

23.9

76.1

0.0

0.0

0.0

7

D

174.0

13.9

86.1

0.0

0.0

0.0

7

178.0 183.0

15.8 17.5

84.2 82.5

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

o.o

7

7

D

194.0

23~1

30.0

31.5

15. 4

0.0

7

Ap,D;F

197.0

28.9

32.3

26.3

12.5

0.0

7

203.0

26.6

43.6

29.8

0.0

o~o

7

204.0

36.2

42.0

21.8

0.0

0.0

7

210.0

21.1

24.1

8.5

23.8

22.5

8

D

212.0

28.0

30.3

12.6

19.0

10.1

8

216.0

31.1

24.8

14.9

23.3

5.9

8

H-C

240.0

8.8

9.1

0.0

34.4

4 7. 7

9

D

247.0

86.2

0.0

0.0

13.8

0.0

9

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Co-re

De2th

I Sampled

Feet

Smectite Palygorskite Sepiolite Illite Kaolinite I Formation Other

8

8.0

14.0

32.0

35.0

38.0

47.0

55.0

59.8

62.5

65.0

78.0

82.0

89.0

96.0

72.3 38.9
2.3 21.0 24.7 13.5 11.0 38.0 32.2 17.1 31.6 19.4 51.8 25.7

0.0
o.o
0.0
o.o o.o o.o o.o
0.0 0.0 0.0 3.6 17.3 9.7 34.2

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 20.9 8.2 14.5

0.0 24.6 22.3 18.2 15.4
7.7 22.0
9.9 37.4 68.7 56.3 42.4 30.3 25.6

27.7 36.5 75.4 60.8 59.9 78.8 67.0 52.1 30.4 14.2 8.5
0.0 0.0 0.0

2

c

2

2

H-C

2

L, H-C

2

L

2

2

2

5

5

5

6

Ap

6

6

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.

Depth

I Sampled

-Fe-et

Smectite

Palygorskite

Sepiolite

Illite

Kaolinite I Formation

Other

8 104.0

22.2

41.1

0.0

35.9

0.8

6

107.5

29.9

22.2

17.6

30.3

0.0

7

D

110.0

24.8

27.0

22.6

25.6

0.0

7

D

114.0

27.3

27.2

18.3

27.2

0.0

7

D

125.0

25.2

32.4

13.6

28.8

0.0

7

D

133.0

17.3

82.7

0.0

0.0

0.0

7

D

142.5

13.0

71.1

15.9

0.0

0.0

7

144.5

30.0

0.0

0.0

70.0

0.0

8

E

147.5

63.2

0.0

0.0

36.8

0.0

8

E

155.0

56.8

0.0

0.0

39.2

4.0

9

E

9

20.0

12.2

0.0

0.0

35.0

52.8

40.0

34.8

0.0

0.0

62.6

2.6

57.4

41.3

0.0

0.0

41.7

17.0

60.0

41.8

0.0

3.0

42.4

12.8

3

F

3

6

6

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL 'FRACTION

Core Cont.

Depth

I Sampled

-Fe-et

Smectite

Palygorskite

Sepiolite

Illite

Kaolinite I Formation

Other

9 80.0

36.3

18.4

18.1

27.2

0.0

6

D

87.0

. 28.0

0.0

7.7

64.3

0.0

6

H-C,L

100.0

24.4

0.0

7.6

66.7

1.3

6

120.0

24.6

0.0

22.8

52.6

0.0

6

140.0

32.9

0.0

. 15.5

51.6

0.0

6

Ap

160.0

58.0

0.0

0.0

42.0

0.0

6

D,Cr

165.5

23.7

19.8

17.6

38.9

0.0

7

168.0

12.1

38.3

49.6

0.0

0.0

7

D,Ap

168.5

13.1

81.6

0.0

0.0

5.3

7

Ap

180.0

20.6

79.4

0.0

0.0

0.0

7

Cr,D

181.4

13.1

86.9

0.0

0.0

0.0

7

188.0

21.5

78.5

0.0

0.0

0.0

7

F,D

200.0

13.2

73.5

13.3

0.0

0.0

7

220.0

13.3

75.0

11.7

0.0

0.0

7

D,Ap

225.0

14.3

85.7

0.0

0.0

0.0

7

D,Ap

APPENDIX A PERCENT Of CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.

Depth Sampled
- Fe- et I Smectite

Palygorskite

Sepiolite

Illite

Kaolinite I Formation

Other

9 227.0

27.7

72.3

0.0

0.0

0.0

7

Ap

227.8

21.4

78.6

0.0

0.0

0.0

7

D,Ap

229.0

71.3

0.0

0.0

28.7

0.0

7

D

235.0

79.7

0.0

0.0

20.3

0.0

8

Ap

250.0

75.3

0.0

0.0

24.7

0.0

8

H-C

10

15.0

20.0

40.0

58.3

60.0

80.0

100.0

107.0

120.0

28.3 25.7 47.7 59.2 40.2 25.3 42.2 50.0 26.6

0.0

0.0

6.0

65.7

0.0

0.0

4.2

70.1

0.0

0.0

27.8

24.5

0.0

0.0

11.2

29.6

0.0

7.4

52.4

0.0

0.0

16.0

58.7

0.0

0.0

0.0

55.9

1.9

0.0

20.9

29.1

0.0

0.0

4.7

63.1

5.6

3

3

3

3

6

6

D

6

H-C

6

D,H-C

6

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

- CCoo- rnet.

Depth

I Sampled

- Fe- et

Smectite

Palygorskite

Sepiolite

Illite

Kaolinite I Formation - Oth-er

10 124.0

39.7

0.0

10.8

45.7

3.8

6

137.0

33.0

0.0

28.3

38.7

0.0

6

D,Ap

140.0

32.7

0.0

21.4

45.9

0.0

6

Cr

150.0

43.7

0.0

20.5

35.8

0.0

6

151. 1

32.9

0.0

21.9

45.2

0.0

6

D

160.0

48.5

0.0

0.0

51.5

0.0

6

164.0

55.8

0.0

0.0

44.2

0.0

6

165.0

39.7

0.0

0.0

60.3

0.0

6

165.8

33.2

0.0

0.0

66.8

0.0

6

173.0

67.9

0.0

0.0

32.1

0.0

6

180.0

16.0

84.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

7

D,Cr

186.8

21.1

64.1

14.8

0.0

0.0

7

Cr

200.0

19.7

80.3

0.0

0.0

0.0

7

D,Cr

211.5

16.7

83.3

0.0

0.0

0.0

7

220.0

28.3

71.7

0.0

0.0

0.0

7

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.

Depth

- - I Sampled

Feet

Smectite

Palygorskite

Sepiolite

Illite

Kaolinite I Formation

Other

10 240.0

33.5

66~' 5

0.0

0.0

0.0

7

242.5

33.6

27.2

9.6

29.6

0.0

7

249.0

41.1

44.8

14.1

0.0

0.0

7

250.0

33.0

46.3

20.7

0.0

0.0

7

D

253.0

29.1

22.0

23.8

25.1

0.0

9

D

255.0

78.0

22.0

0.0

0.0

0.'0

9

260.0

88~2

0.0

0.0

19.8

0.0

9

11

55.8

39.7

0.0

0.0

8.4

51.9

2

65'.0

37.2

0.0

0.0

5.9

56.9

2

72.0

47.0

0.0

0.0

11.1

41.9

2

80.0

46.1

0.0

0.0

38.6

15.3

6

85.0

60.0

0.0

0.0

34.1

5.9

6

90.0

59.7

0.0

0.0

30.2

10.1

6

95.0

63.9

0.0

0.0

9.9

26.2

6

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.

Depth

- - I Sampled

Feet

Smectite

Palygorskite

Sepiolite

Illite

Kaolinite I Formation

Other

11 100.0

30.0

22.6

21.3

26.1

0.0

6

D,Ap

105~0

31.5

20.7

21.3

26.5

0.0

6

110.0

29.5

25.3

26.7

18.5

0.0

6

115.0

54.0

0.0

15.2

30.8

0.0

6

125.0

30.1

49.8

20.1

0.0

0.0

7

12

5.1

100.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

7.0

93.8

0.0

0.0

6.2

0.0

9.0

76.0

0.0

0.0

24.0

0.0

11.0

84.1

0.0

0.0

14.7

1.2

15.2

79.1

0.0

0.0

20.9

0.0

19.0

66.3

0.0

0.0

31.7

2.0

21.0

43.9

0.0

0.0

53.8

2.3

23.0

59.6

0.0

5.0

35.4

0.0

26.0

53.5

0.0

0.0

46.5

0.0

6

6

6

6

6

6

F

6

6

F

6

F

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.

Depth Samp led
Feet j Smectite

Palygorskite

Sepiolite

Illite

Kaolinite I Formation Other

12

30.1

22.2

72.3

5.7

0.0

0.0

7

D

33.0

33.7

66.3

0.0

0.0

0.0

7

D

36.0

19.3

54.3

0.0

26.4

0.0

7

D

38.0

18.3

70.7

11.0

0.0

0.0

7

D

43.0

34.7

47.6

17.7

0.0

0.0

7

D

50.0

22.2

44.1

0.0

33.7

0.0

7

D

57.0

37.8

20.5

25.6

16.1

0.0

7

D

59.0

39.2

31.2

29.6

0.0

0.0

7

D

65.0

77.5

4.8

17.7

0.0

0.0

8

D

70.0

26.0

32.1

20.2

21.7

0.0

8

D

75.0

44.3

55.7

0.0

0.0

0.0

8

77.0

34.0

13.1

6.6

46.3

0.0

9

79.0

31.2

21.5

6.2

41.1

0.0

9

80.0

47.5

23.2

10.2

19.1

0.0

9

D

90.0

49.2

50.8

0.0

0.0

0.0

9

D

--v

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.

Depth Sampled
-Fe-et J Smectite

Palygorskite

Sepiolite

Illite

Kaolinite I Formation

Other

12

99.0

73.9

18.4

7.7

0.0

0.0

9

103.0

60.2

0.0

17.0

22.8

0.0

9

13

48.0

83.0

110.0

122.0

132.0

140.0

144.0
147 .o

151.0

155.0

160.0

165.0

52.8 0.0
79.6 48.3 94.2 75.2 50.5 32.3 25.2 33.6 67.1 81.9

15.4 0.0 0.0 25.9 0.0 14.9 22.1 67.7 74.8 11.0 22.9 12.1

14.9 0.0 0.0 7.7 0.0 0.0 9.7 0.0 0.0
10.7 0.0 0.0

16.9 0.0 8.1
18.1 0.0 9.9
17.7 0.0 0.0
41.2 10.0
6.0

0.0 100.0
12.3 0.0 5.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.5 0.0 0.0

3

D

3

3

3

D

3

6

Ap

6

D

6

F

6

6

D

6

D

6

E,Ap,F

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.

DeEth Sampled
-Fe-et ! Smectite

Palygorskite

Sepiolite

Illite

Kaolinite I Formation

Other

13 171.0

52.9

19.8

0.0

27.3

0.0

6

D

179.0

73.1

0.0

0.0

26.9

0.0

6

D

188.0

34.0

66.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

6

D

193.0

35.1

64.9

0.0

0.0

0.0

6

D

203.5

74.3

7.0

2.3

16.4

0.0

6

F,D

205.5

86.5

6.6

1.7

5.2

0.0

6

F,D

208.0

0.0

100.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

6

D

211.5

6.0

91.9

0.0

0.0

2.1

6

D

227.5

92.5

7.5

0.0

0.0

0.0

6

D

239.0

88.9

11.1

0.0

0.0

0.0

6

D

253.0

26.5

51.6

0.0

21.9

0.0

6

D

256.0

83.8

0.0

0.0

7.2

9.0

6

264.0

66.9

0.0

0.0

33.1

0.0

267 .o

61.1

0.0

0.0

38.9

0.0

6

Cr,F

7

F

288.0

47.4

0.0

54.6

0.0

0.0

8

D

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-t1INERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.

Depth

I Sampled

-Fe-et

Smectite

Palygorskite

Sepiolite

Illite

Kaolinite I Formation

Other

13 291.0

44.1

0.0

48.4

7.5

0.0

8

D

294.0

23.2

32.0

29.7

15.1

0.0

8

D

296.0

26.5

27.3

26.5

19.7

0.0

8

D

298.0

47.2

15.8

15.2

21.8

0.0

8

D

303.0

0.0

100.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

8

D

305.8

30.4

35.3

0.0

34.3

0.0

8

D

309.5

87.6

0.0

0.0

12.4

0.0

8

312.0

23.9

17.1

30.4

28.6

0.0

8

D

14

9.9

20.0

29.0

34.0

39.0

41.0

0.0 0.0 63.9 46.8 40.6 35.6

0.0 0.0 0.0 6.7 16.8 21.9

0.0 0.0 0.0 22.7 42.6 42.5

6.1 9.3 0.0 18.5 0.0 0.0

93.9 90.7 36.1
5.3 0.0 0.0

7

7

3

3

3

Ap

3

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.

Depth Sampl ed
-Fe-et

I Smectite

Palygorskite

Sepiolite

Illite

Kaolinite I Formation

Other

14

45.0

19.6

42.2

38.2

0.0

0.0

7

50.0

22.5

42.0

35.5

0.0

0.0

7

53.0

25.7

46.5

27.8

0.0

0.0

7

54.0

37.9

34.8

27.3

0.0

0.0

7

61.0

45.0

14.5

14.5

26.0

0.0

7

64.0

17.4

43.1

39.5

0.0

0.0

7

Ap,D

66.0

13.8

43.0

38.3

0.0

4.9

7

D

69.0

18.5

37.0

44.5

0.0

0.0

7

D

74.0

9.0

52.0

39.0

0.0

0.0

7

D

79.0

24.9

29.7

45.4

0.0

0.0

7

Ap

81.0

28.4

33.1

38.5

0.0

0.0

7

Ap

86.0

39.0

35.2

25.8

0.0

0.0

7

89.0

29.0

55.5

15.5

0.0

0.0

7

91.0

21.8

68.1

10.1

0.0

0.0

7

Cr

94.0

20.4

42.9

36.7

0.0

0.0

7

Cr

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.

Depth Sampled
-Fe-et I Smectite

Palygorskite

Sepiolite

Illite

Kaolinite I Formation

Other

14

99.0

26.7

73.3

0.0

0.0

0.0

7

Cr

106.0

28.4

33.5

14.0

24.1

0.0

7

109.0

23.2

28.5

31.5

16.8

0.0

7

F

114.0

33.0

42.8

24.2

0.0

0.0

7

116.0

36.0

39.4

24.6

0.0

0.0

7

124.0

30.6

50.0

19.4

0.0

0.0

7

131.0

77.5

0.0

0.0

11.6

10.9

8

148.0

71.0

0.0

0.0

29.0

0.0

8

Ap,H-C

150.0

82.5

0.0

0.0

11.2

6.3

8

Ap

152.0

77.3

0.0

0.0

22.8

0.0

8

Ap

163.0

13.8

6. 7

6.8

9.6

63.1

8

164.0

38.9

9.3

0.0

5.8

46.0

8

15

29.0

68.5

0.0

31.5

0.0

0.0

8

36.0

60.6

0.0

39.4

0.0

0.0

8

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.

Depth

I Sampl ed

-Fee-t

Smectite

Palygorskite

Sepiolite

Illite Kaolinite I Formation

Other

15

45.0

26.3

0.0

0.0

0.0

73.7

8

F

56.0

34.9

0.0

0.0

0.0

65.1

59.0

24.7

o.o

0.0

19.3

56.0

8

Cr

8

66.0

51.1

0.0

11.7

23.1

14.2

8

72.5

51.1

0.0

1.5

16.2

31.2

8

75.6

21.1

0.0

0.0

0.0

78.9

8

F

78.0

22.8

0.0

0.0

27.9

49.3

8

F

79.0

49.9

0.0

0.0

0.0

50.1

8

F

80.0

48.2

0.0

0.0

0.0

51.8

8

F

82.5

54.7

0.0

0.0

16.0

29.3

8

F

86.0

53.5

0.0

0.0

18.5

28.0

8

F

93.0

61.5

0.0

0.0

9.6

28.9

8

F

96.0

60.3

0.0

0.0

18.6

21.1

8

F

105.0

72.8

0.0

0.0

27.2

0.0

8

H-C

107.0

72.7

0.0

0.0

27.3

0.0

8

Ap,H-C

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.

Depth Sampl ed
Feet

I Smectite

Palygorskite

Sepiolite

Illite

Kaolinite I Formation

Other

15 111.0

73.9

0.0

0.0

26.1

0.0

8

Ap,H-C

118.0

57.8

0.0

0.0

42.2

0.0

8

Ap,H-C,F

125.0

52.2

25.3

22.5

0.0

0.0

8

D

129.0

67.4

0.0

32.6

0.0

0.0

8

D,Ap

131.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0 100.0

8

139.0

41.5

0.0

8.5

50.0

0.0

8

F

144.0

88.9

0.0

0.0

11. 1

0.0

8

145.9

67.5

0.0

0.0

32.5

0.0

8

F

148.0

100.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

9

150.0

70.8

0.0

0.0

0.0

29.2

9

F,Ap

176.0

56.1

0.0

0.0

43.9

0.0

9

Ar,Ap

185.0

100.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

9

194.0

72.4

0.0

0.0

15.7

11.9

0

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cant.

Depth Sampled
-Fe-et

I Smectite

Palygorskite

Sepiolite

Illite

Kaolinite I Format ion

Other

16

23.0

7.8

0.0

0.0

0.0

92.2

3

35.0

1.1

0.0

0.0

6.6

92.2

3

H-C,Cr

36.1

37.4

0.0

0.0

0.0

62.6

3

40.0

25.3

0.0

0.0

12.9

61.8

7

Ap

45.0

37.8

38.9

23.3

0.0

0.0

7

Ap

46.0

33.4

48.0

18.6

0.0

0.0

7

47.0

14.8

48.1

37.1

0.0

0.0

7

Ap

48.0

35.1

47.4

17.5

0.0

0.0

7

55.0

30.3

30.3

39.4

0.0

0.0

7

59.0

33.2

33.8

33.0

0.0

0.0

7

60.0

32.6

67.4

0.0

0.0

0.0

7

6'2.0

31.0

51.0

18.0

0.0

0.0

7

66.0

29.8

37.7

32.5

0.0

0.0

7

70.0

28.7

51.1

20.2

0.0

0.0

7

77.0

41.7

44.2

14.1

0.0

0.0

7

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-l1INERAL FRA.CTION

Core Cont.

Depth Sa mpled
Fe et

I Smectite

Palygorskite

Sepiolite

Illite

Kaolinite I Formation

Other

16

83.0

32.4

42.2

25.4

0.0

0.0

7

84.0

29.2

43.8

27.0

0.0

0.0

7

85.0

26.9

16.6

26.9

29.6

0.0

7

86.2

39.3

33.0

27.7

0.0

0.0

7

86.6

66.0

12.0

12.5

0.0

9.5

7

89.0

51.9

25.0

23.1

0.0

0.0

7

90.0

71. 5

0.0

0.0

0.0

28.5

7

F

95.0

57.3

6.5

8.7

10.2

17.3

7

Ap

103.0

45.5

30.3

24.2

0.0

0.0

7

105.0

86.4

13.6

0.0

0.0

0.0

8

H-C

107.0

85.9

14. 1

0.0

0.0

0.0

8

H-C

110.0

74.6

25.4

0.0

0.0

0.0

8

116.0

61.2

38.8

0.0

0.0

0.0

8

120.0

94.2

0.0

o.o

5.8

0.0

8

125.0

70.5

0.0

0.0

29.5

0.0

8

H-C

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.

Depth Sampled
-Fe-et

j Smectite

Palygorskite

Sepiolite

Illite

Kaolinite I Formation

Other

16 135.0

82.2

0.0

0.0

17.8

o~o

8

H-C

140.0

86.3

0.0

0.0

13.7 ;

0.0

8

H-C

150.0

82.2

0.0

0.0

17.8

0.0

8

157.0

74.3

0.0

0.0

25.7

0.0

8

F

160.0

24.2

0.0

0.0

75.8

0.0

162. o

48.4

0.0

o.o

51.6

0,.0

8

Ap

8

Ap

165.0

52.8

0.0

0.0

47.2

0.0

8

Ap

170.0

73.7

0.0

26.3

0.0

0.0

9

17

23.0

24.9

37.0

38.0

41.0

43.0

0.0 0.0 19.1 34.9 26.1 41.9

0.0 0.0 49.1 40.8 44.5 21.9

0.0 0.0 31.8 24.3 29.4 20;0

0.0 100.0

0.0 100.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

.Q~ 0

0.0

0.0

16.2

3

G

3

G

7

Ap

7

7

Ap

7

F, Ap

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.

Depth

- - I Sampled

Feet

Smectite

Palygorskite

Sepiolite

Illite

Kaolinite I Formation

Other

17

44.0

32~5

10. 1

14 . 7

18.9

23,8

Ap

45.0

31.1

39.2

29.7

0.0

0.0

7

49.0

20.9

22.1

57.0

0.0

0.0

7

51.0

20.4

35.2

44.4

0.0

0.0

1

60.0

26.4

30.4

43.2

0.0

0.0

7

62.0

21.4

39.6

39.0

0.0

0.0

7

63.0

21.7

30.4

47.9

0.0

0.0

7

64.0

13.7

22.8

27.5

0.0

0.0

7

65.0

21.0

41.3

30.0

0.0

7.7

7

70.0

21.8

49.3

28.9

0.0

0.0

7

72.0

23.0

77.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

7

74.0

26.7

48.9

24.4

0.0

0.0

7

75.0

27.3

40.7

16.3

0.0

15.7

7

76.0

100.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

7

79.0

24.7

46.9

28.4

0.0

0.0

7

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.

Depth Samp l ed
-Fe-et J Smectite

Palygorskite

Sepiolite

Illite

Kaolinite I Formation

Other

17

82.0

24.3

53.3

22.4

0.0

0.0

7

85.0

26.2

52.8

21.0

0.0

0.0

7

D

89.0

100.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

7

F

91.0

35.4

64.6

0.0

0.0

0.0

7

92.0

54.4

23.2

22.4

0.0

0.0

7

94.0

31.4

34.0

34.6

0.0

0.0

7

95.0

43.7

23.6

32.7

0.0

0.0

7

96.0

40.5

41.5

18.0

0.0

0.0

7

D

97.0

42.7

25.8

14.8

16.7

0.0

7

D

98.0

49.3

24.0

26.7

0.0

0.0

7

99.0

46.2

20.1

16.1

17.6

0.0

7

101.0

53.5

17.9

28.6

0.0

0.0

7

101.7

24.0

25.0

21.5

0.0

29.5

7

103.0

45.6

33.2

21.2

0.0

0.0

7

111.0

40.7

48.0

11.3

0.0

0.0

7

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.

Depth Sampled
- Fe- et I Smectite

Palygorskite

Sepiolite

Illite

Kaolinite I Formation

Other

17 112.0

44.4

12.5

20.5

22.6

0.0

7

117.0

44.7

20.4

20.4

14.5

0.0

7

118.0

38.3

0.0

11.2

50.5

0.0

7

H-C

118.5

67.8

0.0

0.0

32.2

0.0

7

H-C

120.0

91.3

8. 7

0.0

0.0

0.0

8

121.0

70.5

0.0

0.0

29.5

0.0

8

H-C, Ap

122.0

77.7

0.0

0.0

22.3

0.0

8

H-C, Ap

123.0

100.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

8

124.0

69.8

0.0

0.0

30.2

0.0

8

Ap, H-C

125.0

75.6

0.0

8.7

15.7

0.0

8

Ap, H-C

126.0

60.4

0.0

0.0

39.6

0.0

8

Ap,H-C

127.0

72.6

0.0

0.0

27.4

0.0

8

Ap,H-C

130.0

66.0

0.0

0.0

34.0

0.0

8

Ap,H-C

132.9

70.7

13.7

0.0

15.6

0.0

8

H-C,D

135.0

67.1

20.2

0.0

12. 7

0.0

8

H-C,F

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.

Depth

I Sampled

Feet

Smectite

136.0

60 .8

Pallgorskite 18.7

Sepiolite 0.0

Illi te 20. 5

I Kaolinite Formation

0.0

8

Other H-C

17 138.0

64.3

35.7

0.0

0.0

0.0

8

F

142.0

47.5

24.2

6.8

21.5

0.0

8

143.0

63.3

14.3

0.0

22.4

0.0

8

H-C,F

148.0

66.6

0.0

0.0

28.1

5.3

8

152.0

100.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

8

154. 1

84.5

0.0

0.0

15.5

0.0

9

H-C

157.0

80.6

19.4

0.0

0.0

0.0

9

184.0

81.4

18.6

0.0

0.0

0.0

9

18

57.0

70.0

75.1

76.0

80.0

85.0

0.0 18.7 25.2 29.0 24.1 21.5

0.0 0.0 74.8 71.0 75.9 54.5

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 24.0

0.0 40.5
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

98.1 40.8
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

2

Ch

2

F

6

6

6

6

v

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.

Depth

I Sampled

-Fe-et

Smectite

Palygorskite

Sepiolite

Illite

Kaol ii:iite I Formation

Other

18

90.0

38.6

0.0

31.3

30.1

0.0

6

95.0

35.5

33.6

30.9

0.0

0.0

7

100.0

30.4

49.3

20.3

0.0

0.0

7

19

2.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

120.0

160.0

180.0

200.0

220.0

240.0

8.5 1.8 33.9 31.3 66.1 58.2 66.3 60.9 17.4 46.9 49.0 100.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 82.6 43.5 51.0 0.0

0.0

0.0

86.0

o.o

19.8

78.4

0.0

9.1

57.0

0.0

56.0

12.7

0.0

31.3

2.6

0.0

41.8

0.0

0.0

33.7

0.0

0.0

39.1

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

9.6

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

3

Ch

3

F

3

6

6

D

6

D

6

6

7

D

7

7

9

F,D

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core 20

Depth Sampled
Feet 12 . .5

I Smectite
42.9

Palygorskite 4. 5

Sepiolite 0.0

Illite 52.6

I Kaolinite
0.0

Formation 6

-Other

15.5

32.1

0.0

0.0

21.2

46.7

6

22.0

86.3

0.0

1.9

11.8

0.0

6

23.0

68.1

8.3

13.6

10.0

0.0

6

26.0

69.0

3.1

8.3

19.6

0.0

6

31.0

62.2

0.0

0.0

37.8

0.0

6

35.0

66.2

12.8

6.7

14.3

0.0

6

37.0

56.5

16.0

4.2

23.3

0.0

6

41.5

67.3

9.5

0.0

23.2

0.0

6

48.0

69.0

31.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

7

50.5

86.5

13.5

0.0

0.0

0.0

7

53.0

7.3

89.1

3.6

0.0

0.0

7

58.5

12.9

81.9

5.2

0.0

0.0

7

62.0

15.4

79.9

4.7

0.0

0.0

7

Cr

71.0

0.0

100.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

7

7 5.0

0.7

99.3

0.0

0.0

0.0

7

' APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont .

I Depth
Sampled

Feet

Smectite

Palygorskite

Sepiolite

Illite

I
Kaolinite Formation

Other

21 195.0

. 100.0

0.0

0.0

b.o

0~0

6

E

202.0

'22. 5

. 77.5

0.0

0.0

0.0

6

210.0

43.0

0.0

0.0

.. 57.0

. 0.0

6

216.0

35.0

0.0

0.0

65.0

0.0

6

225.0

48.1

23.3

0.0

. 18.3

10.3

6

230.0

35.2

26.6

19.9

. 16.1

2.2

6

243.0

49.2

18.2

0.0

,: 32.6

0.0

6

255.0

53.6

10.0

. 29.0

7.4

0.0

6

D

265.0

44.9

25.6

0.0

29.5

0.0

6

D

no.o

22.4

21.'2

f).()

51).4

0.0

6

D

282.0

74.2

0.0

0.0

'25.8

0.0

6

285.0

'60 .4

8.2

0.0

31.4

0.0

6

290.0

58.1

9.0

0.0

32.9

0.0

6

300.0

52.6

26.6

0.0

20.8

0.0

6

D

310.0

73.6

5.4

11.8

9.2

0.0

7

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.

Dept h

I Samp l ed

Feet

Smectite

Palzgorskite ~iolite

Illite

Kaolinite I Formation Other

21 313.0

39.2

26.3

0.0

34.5

0.0

7

D

322.0 331.0

33.8 29.6

37.8 70.4

0.0

28.4

0.0

o.o

0.0

0.0

7

7

D

333.5

15~2

46.3

0.0

38.5

0.0

7

338;0

0.0

100.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

7

D

343.0

28.0

43.9

0.0

28.1

0.0

7

D

362:0

83.8

9.0

2.5

4.7

0;0

7

D

370.0

72.2

9.7

13.4

4. 7

0.0

7

H-C,D

380.0

11.1

88;9

0;0

0.0

0.0

7

D

385.0

28.5

71.5

Q.O

0.0

0.0

7

399.0

32.2

67.8

0.0

0.0

0.0

7

D

405.0

33.9

27.1

39.0

0.0

0.0

7

D

433.0

76.8

0.0

0.0

23.2

0.0

8

438.0

82.8

o~o

1.8

15.4

0.0

8

445.0

92.3

0.0

0,0

7.7

0.0

8

H-C

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.

Depth

I Sampled

-Fe-et

Smectite

Palygorskite

Sepiolite

Illite

Kaolinite I Formation

Other

21 452.0

87.8

0.0

0.0

12.2

0.0

457.0

87.0

0.0

0.0

13.0

o.o

8

8

H-C

471.5

76.0

0.0

0.0

24.0

0.0

8

480.0

90.9

0.0

o.o

9.1

0.0

8

22

77.0

80.0

82.5

122.0

50.9 50.1
0.0 16.8

0.0 0.0 0. 0 83 . 2

0.0

11.8

37. 3.

0.0

11.1

38.8

0.0

29.3

70.7

0.0

0.0

0.0

2

2

2

7

D,Ap

23

1.9

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

96.0

13.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

99.0

28.5

0.5

0.0

0.0

o.o 99.0

31.3

0.0

0.0

0.0

16.9

83 . 1

38.5

L~ 7. 3

0.0

0.0

12.0

40.7

4

Ch

4

Ch

11

Ch

11

11

APPErWIX A PERCE~T OF CLAY.-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.

-D ep- t h

Sampl ed

Fee t

I Smectite

Palzgorskite

Sepiolite

Il r'i te

Kaolinite I Formation :other

23

45.0

56.8

0.0

0.0

9.0

34.2

11

58.0

39.1

0.0

.Q.O

19.0

41.9

11

59.5

37.9

0.0

0.0

7.. 8

54.3

11

65.5

,52.1

0.0

0.0

8.4

39 . 5

11

66.0

36.4

0.0

0.0

U.9

51.7

11

76.0

93.7

0.0

0.0

6.3

.0.0

11

78.5

91.3

0.0

0.0

8. 7

0.0

11

~~

83.0

89-.7

0.0

0.0

1Q.3

0.0

11

90.0

37.4

32.2

0.0

30.4

0.0

11

L

99.0

70.8

0.0

0.0

17.9

11.3

11

110.0

82.5

0.0

0.0

17.5

0.0

11

120.5

86.6

0.0

0.0

3.4

0.0

11

126.0

90;0

0.0 .

0.0

10.0

0.0

11

130.0

82.8

0.0

0.0

12.5

4.7

11

134.0

100.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

11

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.

Depth Sampled
-Fe-et I Smectite

Palygorskite

Sepiolite

Illite

Kaolinite I Formation

Other

23 142.0

87.2

0.0

0.0

12.8

0.0

11

149~0

72.7

0.0

0.0

13.3

14.0

11

F

15{). 0

46.5

0.0

0.0

11.0

42.5

11

F

156.0

53.8

11.8

0.0

20.5

13.9

8

160.0

74.3

7.0

0.0

18.7

0.0

8

164.0

51.2

48.8

0.0

O.D

0.0

8

166.0

40.6

59.4

0.0

0.0

0.0

8

169.5

10.6

21.0

0.0

68.4

0.0

8

171.8 182.5

46.6 31.7

53.4 49.9

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

18.4

0.0

8

Ar

'

8

185.0

45.8

54.2

0.0

0.0

0.0

8

F

192.0

48.4

33.9

0.0

17.7

0.0

8

F

24 166.0 185.0

56.3 32.0

10.5 16.4

0.0

30.3

2.9

19.8

28 .l

3.7

6

D

6

D

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.

Depth

I Sampled

Feet

Smectite

Paly~orskite

Sepiolite

Illite

Kaolinite I Formation

Other

24 189.0

36.4

16.4

8.5

34.7

4.0

6

D

192.5

44.2

55.8

0.0

0.0

0.0

6

D

194.0

27.1

9.0

0.0

63.9

0.0

6

213.0

22.9

33.4

0.0

43.7

0.0

6

D

218.0

20.9

23.1

0.0

54.3

1.7

6

D

225.0

28.2

15.3

0.0

56.5

0.0

6

D

235.0 241.0 245.0

16.1 14.0 18.3

35.2 18.5 28.2

0.0

48.7

0.0

,,

0.0

67.5

0.0

0.0

53.5

0.0

6

D

6

D

6

H-C,D

25

90.0

100.0

110.0

120.0

127.0

9.6 24.1 24.0 14.9 10.3

42.0
63.8
.,
37.5
66.4
66.2

4.0

44.4

0.0

12. 1

0.0

0.0

22.7

15.8

0.0

18.7

0.0

0.0

4.8

18.7

0.0

7

D

7

D,Ap

7

D

7

7

F

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core

Depth
Sampled
Feet I Smectite Palygorskite Sepiolite Illite Kaolinite I Formation Other

26 51.0

45.1

0.0

0.0

54.9

0.0

3

55.0

63.8

20.5

0.0

0.0

15.7

3

56.0

42.9

13.0

0.0

28.4

15.7

3

58.0

40.3

0.0

0.0

44.0

15.7

3

59.0

35.4

0.0

0.0

52.6

12.0

6

61.5

92.4

0.0

0.0

0.0

7.6

6

81.0

70.1

0.0

0.0

29.9

0.0

6

D

83.0

46.9

14.6

6.4

32.1

0.0

6

96.0

58.0

0.0

0.0

42.0

0.0

6

99.0

55.7

0.0

0.0

44.3

0.0

6

101.0

60.6

0.0

0.0

39.4

0.0

6

105.0

35.7

24.5

0.0

39.8

0.0

6

D

122.0

31.3

25.0

9.2

34.5

0.0

6

D

136.0

42.3

0.0

21.7

36.0

0.0

-6

D

160.0

36.3

0.0

18.1

45.6

0.0

6

D

170.0

42.1

0.0

22.8

35.1

0.0

6

D,H-C

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.

Depth

I Sam p l e d

Feet

Smectite

Palz~orskite

Sepiolite

Illite

Kaolinite I Formation

Other

26 180.0

54.4

0.0

45.6

0.0

0.0

6

F,D

190.0

42.5

0.0

24.8

32.7

0.0

6

D

195.0

38.4

0.0

24.2

37.4

0.0

6

D

205.0

42.1

0.0

0.0

57.9

0.0

6

F,D,H-C

222.0

52.9

11.0

8.0

28.1

0.0

6

H-C,D

243.0

39.9

0.0

3.0

57.1

0.0

6

H-C,F,Ap

250.0

43.5

7.4

22.1

27.0

0.0

6

H-C,F

275.0

52.9

0.0

0.0

47.1

0.0

6

D

280.0

58.2

0.0

0.0

30.9

10.9

6

D

292.5

44.4

0.0

0.0

55.6

0.0

6

D,H-C

302.0

39.5

0.0

0.0

60.5

0.0

6

H-C

307.0

12.9

47.3

0.0

39.8

0.0

7

D

357.0

4. 3

83.1

12.6

0.0

0.0

7

D

359.0

10.3

55.7

0.0

34.0

0.0

7

D

372.0

52.7

0.0

12.9

34.4

0.0

7

D,H-C

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.

De_eth

I Sampled

-Fe-et

Smectite

Palygorskite

Sepiolite

Illite

Kaolinite I Formation Other

26 380.0

28.2

0.0

29.3

42.5

0

7

D

405.0

46.0

'0.0

4.7

35.8

13.5

7

407.0

37.7

O;O

23.0

39.3

0.0

7

D

425.0

44.8

0.0

15.8

39;4

0.0

7

D

433.0

46.6

0.0

15.5

.37.9

0.0

7

D

449.0

33.0

15~3

31.9

19.8

0.0

7

D

451.0

26.1

111. 5

28.7

,'33 .7

0.0

7

D

456.0

43.4

11.4

22.2

23;0

0.0

7

D

462.0

55.4

0.0

0.0

144.6

0.0

7

H-C

486.0

25.4

74.6

0.0

0.0

0.0

7

D

511.0

33.0

15.2

0.0

51.8

0.0

7

D

520.0

62.5

9.1

1.3

27.1

0.0

7

H-C,D

522.0

64.2

0.0

0.0

35.8

0.0

7

H-C

549.0

69.6

b.o

0.0

20.2

10.2

8

556.0

75.2

0.0

0.0

24.8

0.0

8

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.

De pth Sampled
Fee t

I Smec'tite

Pal:y:1;'2orskite

Sepiolite

Illite

Kao l'ini te I Formation

Other

26 574.0

58.4

0.0

0.0

41.6

0.0

8

D

594.0

50.4

0.0

0.0

49.6

0.0

8

D

604.0

41.6

0.0

0.0

33.3

25.1

8

D, H-C

618.0

51.$

0.0

0.0

22.6

25.6

8

D

643.0

100.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

9

27

57.0

59.9

68.0

70.6

72.3

79.8

84.2

89.5

95.4

14.5 14.5 18.1 21.9 14.0 13.2 15.1 22.4 30.1

0.0 16.6 23.4 13.5 19.3 33.7 43.4 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
o. o
31.3 31.8

7.3 22.9 36.8 35.9 38.9 38.2 38.2 46.3 36.8

78.2 46 . 0 21.7 28.7 27.8 14.9
3.3 0.0 1.3

12

12

Ap

12

Ap

12

12

12

6

Ap

6

Ap

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.

Depth Sampled
-Fe-et !Smectite

Palygorskite

Sepiolite

Illite

Kaolinite I Formation

Other

27 100.0

34.0

0.0

31.3

34.7

0.0

6

110.1

31.7

0.0

23.7

44.0

0.6

6

114.7

21.1

0.0

32.3

46.3

0.3

6

Ap

190.2

20.1

15.2

23.8

40.9

0.0

6

220.3

24.0

47.8

28.2

0.0

0.0

6

225.2

25.7

46.9

27.4

0.0

0.0

6

230.0

35.1

12.2

13.2

39.5

0.0

6

235.0

29.4

54.6

16.0

0.0

0.0

8

c

240.0

35.1

48.0

16.9

0.0

0.0

8

D

244.9

39.9

17.8

23.7

18.6

0.0

8

Ap

250.0

36.4

22.5

12.3

28.8

0.0

8

254.7

30.7

0.0

30.4

38.9

0.0

8

Ap,D

287.2

15.8

0.0

44.5

39.7

0.0

8

289.3

32.8

0.0

31.0

36.2

0.0

8

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core

Depth
I Sampled
Feet I Smectite Palygorskite Sepiolite Illite Kaolinite Formation Other

28 298.9 301.1 308.7 311.6 313.9 316.8 318.5 319.4 321.8 323.3 327.1
329~7
344.6 345.7 347.8

9.4 9.2 4.4 9.0 9.3 10.3 14.2 5.6 16.5 11.1 2.6 5.9 6.4 14.3 10.6

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.8 3.3 5.6 7.1 0.0 5. 7 6.6 74.4 7.8

0.0

10.8

79.8

0.0

11.1

79.7

0.0

16.4

79.2

0.0

15.4

75.6

0.0

21.1

69.6

0.0

18.5

62.8

0.0

14.5

65.5

0.0

10.5

72.6

0.0

20.1

57.8

0.0

25.4

56.4

0.0

17.9

79.5

1.5

0.0

86.9

0.0

18.9

68.0

0.0

11.3

0.0

0.0

18.5

63.1

3

3

Ar

3

3

Ar

3

Ar

3

Ar,Ch

3

Ar

3

Ar,Ch

3

Ar

3

Ar

3

F,Ar,D

3

Ar

10

10

Ap

10

Ar

,.

APPENDIX A PERCENT OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION

Core Cont.

Depth

- - I Sampled

Feet

Smectite

Palygorskite

Sepiolite

Illite

Kaolinite I Formation

Other

28 385.0

16.0

84.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

10

390.2

59.0

0.0

0.0

22.2

18.8

10

416.3

18.6

81.4

0.0

0.0

0.0

10

421.5

20.1

79.9

0.0

0.0

0.0

10

432.4

14.4

85.6

0.0

0.0

0.0

10

488.1

'8.0

76.8

15.2

0.0

0.0

10

Ap

514.1

12.2

87.8

0.0

0.0

0.0

10

575.5

11.1

60.2

28.7

0.0

0.0

10

D

APPENDIX B
COMPILATION OF CHLORITE COMPOSITIONS

CORE
18 19 23 23 23 28 28

DEPTH SAMPLED (FEET)
57 .o
2.0 1.9 13.0 28.5
316~8
319.4

APPENDIX B
PERCENT CHLORITE* OF CLAY-MINERAL FRACTION
1.8 5.5 4.0 1.0 0.5 8.4 8.0

FORMATION
(Pleistocene-Pliocene)** (Pleistocene-Pliocene) . Screven Screven Altamaha (Pleistocene-Pliocene) (Pleistocene-Pliocene)

* Calculated from diffraction peak area corrected by a factor of 1.1 **Composed of Satilla, Cypresshea&.and Nashua FJrmations

APPENDIX C
CORE LOCATICNS, DESIGNATICNS, AND DEP'IHS

APPENDIX C

Locations are given by latitude and longitude unless indicated otherwise. Sources of information are indicated by letters within parentheses. A code for the sources 1s given at end of the appendix.

Core 1 2
3
4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11
12
13

DATA SOURCES

c - Georgia Geologic Survey County Well Record F - Florida Bureau of Geology
s - South Carolina Geologic Survey
p - Paul Huddlestun
G- Georgia Power Company
u- u.s. Geological Survey

Sourc e

Location

Elevation

Total

(Land Surface) Depth

Ga . Power B-41

3225 1 4l"N-81l4 1 50"W (G)

90 1 (G)

232 1 (G)

Fla. Bureau of Geology
~v-8400

29o42 1 47 11 N-8l 0 5'0 1 29"W (F)

210 1 (F)

302 1 (F)

Fla. Bureau of Geology 4N-23E-Section 26** (F) W-104112

100 1 (F)

98 I (F)

GGS 1337, Bryan 2

31 48 I 1711 N-81 12 I 4 511W (P)

19 I (P)

220 1 (F)

GGS 1339, Camden 2

3102 1 4811 N-8146 1 00"W (C)

22 1 (C)

195 1 (P)

GGS 3185, Charlton 2

3049 1 1211 N-8200 1 4811W (C)

75 I (C)

480 1 (c)

GGS 535, Chatham 1

3159 1 2411 N-8l 0 02 1 50 11 W (P)

12 1 (P)

278 1 (P)

GGS 1341, Chatham 3

320l 1 50"N-8057 1 54"W (P)

13 1 (P)

159 1 (P)

GGS 3139, Chatham 14

3204 1 29 11 N-8109 1 18"W (P)

13 1 (P)

330 1 (P)

GGS 3135, Chatham 15

32ll 1 20"N-81ll 1 44"W (P)

20 1 (P)

322 1 (P)

GGS 1445, Chatham 13
s. c. Geologic Survey
Dawson Landing

3158 1 23"N-8059 148"W (P) 3233 1 35"N-8054 1 23"W (S)

12 1 (P) 12 1 (S)

270 1 (P) 125 1 (S)

Fla. Bureau of Geology 2955 1 4011 N-8202 1 00"W (F) W-10488

239 1 (F)

332 1 (F)

APPENDIX C (Cont'd)

Core 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21
22 23 24
25 26 27 28

Source GGS 2179' Effingham 6 GGS 3108, Effingham 10 GGS 3109, Effingham 11 GGS 3110, Effingham 12 GGS 1394, Chatham 10 GGS 3155, Effingham 14 Fla. Bureau of Geology W-11486 Fla. Bureau of Geology W-12360 GGS 1164, Petit Chou GGS 3198, Screven 8 Fla. Survey W-10473
U.S.G.S., Chatham 484 GGS 3512, Wayne 2 U.S.G.S 6002 U. S.G. S. 6004

Elevation

Total

Location

(Land Surface) Depth

323l'l711 N-81l4 1 47 11W (C)

95 I (P)

180 1 (P)

3234'2211 N-8l 0 25'03 11W (C)

112 1 (C)

198 1 (C)

3233 1 07 11 N-8l 0 22'3411W (C)

113 1 (C)

188 1 (C)

32 31 14 711 N-81 19 I 5 711 W (C)

109 1 (C)

210 1 (C)

31 o59 '35 11 N-80 51 1 1411W (C)

7 I (C)

222 1 (C)

3 2 21 I 15 II N-8 1 12 I 50 11W (C)

68 1 (C)

276 1 (C)

29o34'5411 N-8208'07 11W (F)

75 I (F)

145 1 (F)

4S-22E Sectioln 25-N.E. of S.E. ** (F) 3l 0 56'3811 N-8055'40 11 W (P)
324l 1 2511 N-8130'29 11W (P)
2S-22 E-Section 15-S.E. of S.E. ** (F)
3203'5811 N-8058'49 11W (U)
31 2 7 I 4 711 N-81 51 1 21 11 W (P) 3l 0 08.57'N-803l.05 11W (U) 3203.98 1N-7905.86 11W (U)

210 1 (F)
8' (P) 205 1 (P) 166 1 (F)
10 1 (U) 59.4 1 (P) -106'* (U) -570 1* (U)

493 1 (F)
286 1 (P) 212 1 (P) 288 1 (F)
842 1 (U) 687 1 (P) 1000 1 (U) 1010 1 (U)

* Offshore cores ** Township-Range-Section-Quadrant

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