Storage requirements for Georgia streams

S TORAG E REQUIREMENTS FOR GEORGIA STREAMS
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
WAT ER RESOURCES INVESTIGATIONS
Open-File Report 82-557 Prepared in cooperation with the
GE O R G I A DEPA R TMENT OF" NATURAL RESOURCES

STORAGE REQUIREMENTS FOR GEORGIA STREAMS By R. F. Carter U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Water Resources Investigations Open-File Report 82-557
Prepared in cooperation with the GEORGIA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES
Doraville, Georgia 1983

CONTENTS

Page

Abstract

1

Introduction............................................................. 1

Purpose and scope 2 Cooperation and acknowledgments 2
Methods of analysis...................................................... 3

Within-year storage 3 Over-year storage................................................... 5

The combined draft-storage relation................................. 5

Regionalization of draft-storage relations 7 Presentation of draft-storage data....................................... 9

Accuracy.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Adjustment for natural storage depletion 30 Application to stream-development problems............................... 34

Determination of storage required at potential reservoir sites...... 34

General utility of the data 37
Summary.................................................................. 38

Selected references 39

ILLUSTRATIONS

Page

Plate 1. Map of Georgia showing average annual runoff, draft-storage regions, and location of gaging stations.

in pocket

Figure 1. Draft-storage-frequency diagram for Flint River near Culloden (station 02347500) 6
2. Draft-storage diagram for 20-year recurrence interval for Flint River near Culloden (station 02347500) 7
3. Draft-storage diagram for selected frequencies for Flint River near Culloden (station 02347500) 8
4. Graphs showing draft-storage relations for selected frequencies related to the 10-year recurrence interval, 7-day average flow for streams in Region A: a. 2-year frequency graph 10
b. 5-year frequency graph 11 c. 10-year frequency graph 12 d. 20-year frequency graph 13 e. 30-year frequency graph 14 5. Graphs showing draft-storage relations for selected frequencies related to the 10-year recurrence interval, 7-day average flow for streams in Region B: a. 2-year frequency graph 15 b. 5-year frequency graph 16 c. 10-year frequency graph 17 d. 20-year frequency graph 18 e. 30-year frequency graph 19

iii

FACTORS FOR CONVERTING INCH-POUND UNITS TO INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM (SI) UNITS
The analyses and compilations in this report were made with inch-pound units of measurement. To convert inch-pound units to metric units, the following conversion factors should be used:

Multiply

By

acre-foot (acre-ft)

1233

cubic foot per second (ft3/s)

0.02832

inch (in.)

2.540

mile (mi)

1.609

million gallons per day (Mgal/d)

3786

square mile (mi2)
.. ~

2.590

To obtain cubic meter (m3) cubic meter per second (m3/s) centimeter (em) kilometer (km)
cubic meters per day (3/d) square kilometer (km2)

v

STORAGE REQUIREMENTS FOR GEORGIA STREAMS
By Robert F. Carter
ABSTRACT
The suitability of a stream as a source of water supply or for waste disposal may be severely limited by low flow during certain periods. A water user may be forced to provide storage facilities to supplement the natural flow if the low flow is insufficient for his needs. This report provides data for evaluating the feasibility of augmenting low streamflow by means of storage facilities. It contains tabular data on storage requirements for draft rates that are as much as 60 percent of the mean annual flow at 99 continuous-record gaging stations, and draft-storage diagrams for estimating storage requirements at many additional sites.
Through analyses of streamflow data, the State was divided into four regions. Draft-storage diagrams for each region provide a means of estimating storage requirements for sites on streams where data are scant, provided the drainage area, mean annual flow, and the 7-day, 10-year low flow are known or can be estimated. These data are tabulated for the 99 gaging stations used in the analyses and for 102 partial-record sites where only base-flow measurements have been made. The draft-storage diagrams are useful not only for estimating in-channel storage required for low-flow augmentation, but also can be used for estimating the volume of off-channel storage required to retain wastewater during low-flow periods for later release. In addition, these relationships can be helpful in estimating the volume of wastewater to be disposed of. by spraying on land, provided that the water disposed of in this manner is only that for which streamflow dilution water is not currently available. Mean annual flow can be determined for any stream within the State by using the runoff map in this report. Low-flow indices can be estimated by several methods, including correlation of baseflow measurements with concurrent flow at nearby continuous-record gaging stations where low-flow indices have been determined.
INTRODUCTION
The climate of Georgia is humid. Precipitation averages about 50 inches per year, and on the average, 15 inches of this precipitation appears as stream runoff, an amount equal to 64,000 Mgal/d. About 1,230 Mgal/d of this amount, less than 2 percent, is put to use by man, excluding such categories of use as navigation and electric-power generation. Based on this rate of runoff, it seems that the available supply should be adequate for the demand, but seasonal low flows limit the dependable year-round surfacewater supply unless storage is provided.
Demands for very large volumes of water for navigation and electricpower generation are commonly met by construction of large reservoirs on major rivers. These rivers are not conveniently located to supply the needs of many water-using facilities distributed irregularly over large areas. Many surface-water users rely on smaller tributary streams and limit their rate of use to low flow during drought or they consider augmenting their supply from storage. Development of such storage facilities may require use of ungaged streams.
1

}lliTHODS OF ANALYSIS
An analysis of storage requirements to insure dependable draft rates requires data on streamflow characteristics. Ideally, a long-term record of daily flows should be available at the potential damsite. Unfortunately, this ideal situation is seldom realized. In this report, draft-storage relations have been developed at points on streams where continuous records of streamflow are available, and these relations have been regionalized to estimate storage requirements on streams where information is scant.
Regionalized storage-requirement curves were first published for Georgia streams by Thomson and Carter (1963). Those curves were based on mass curves of streamflow during the drought of 1954 and, hence, were applicable only to a drought period such as that of 1954. Some later storage studies (Carter and Gannon, 1965) were more generally applicable, but were for limited areas. The present study is aimed at delineating storage requirements throughout the State for optimum development of available streamflow. Long periods of streamflow record are analyzed and the probabilities of given amounts of storage being deficient are evaluated.
For convenience, separate analyses were made of within-year and overyear storage requirements, accordirig to the time required for replenishment. Within-year storage was analyzed by use of a computer program which, in effect, constructed a mass curve of streamflow for each year of the record and computed yearly storage requirements for various draft rates. These storage data were analyzed on a frequency basis by statistical methods. For droughts having recurrence intervals greater than 5 years, over-year storage must be considered for draft rates that exceed 40 to 80 percent of the mean annual discharge over most of the State (Regions A, B, and C, pl. 1), and for draft rates that exceed 20 to 40 percent of the mean annual discharge in the remainder of the State (Region D, pl. 1). The analysis of over-year storage is based on probability routing of mean annual discharge to define storage requirement related to the mean annual discharge and the variability of the annual discharges (Riggs and Hardison, 1973). Both analyses are explained in more detail in the following sections.
Within-Year Storage
Draft-storage analyses for each year of record were prepared for all continuous-record gaging stations used in this report. The analyses were based on data for the climatic year (beginning Apr. 1), because a reservoir would most likely be full on that date. Data for the analyses were prepared by use of the U.S. Geological Survey ANSTOR computer program.
In general, draft-storage relations were computed at gaging stations on streams having continuous discharge records of 8 years or more and not materially affected by regulation. Most of the large streams are regulated to some . extent; therefore, only streams having drainage areas of about 2,000 mi2 or less above the gaged site and not subject to significant regulation were used in the analyses.
The program assumes a full reservoir on April 1 and for each of several selected draft rates computes the annual maximum depletions, which are the storage requirements. The computer performs the analyses arithmetically rather than graphically. Table 1 shows a typical output of this program, for the gaging station, Flint River near Culloden, Ga.
3

Frequency curves (fig. 1) of storage required to maintain draft rates of 150, 200, 260, 320, 380, 440, 520, 600, 700, and 900 ft3/s were prepared from the data in table 1. Storage quantities were arrayed in order of magnitude and assigned order numbers with the largest magnitude as 1. The recurrence intlrval (RI) of each value in the array was computed by the for-
mula RI = ~' where N is the number of years (51 in this example) in the
array and H is the order number.
Storage quantities were plotted against the appropriate recurrence interval on extreme log-data graph paper and lines of best fit were drawn through the points. The extreme log-data form used has the abscissa graduated according to the Gumbel Type I extremal distribution and the ordinate scale is graduated logarithmically. The resulting graph paper is commonly referred to as Weibull probability paper (Chow, 1964). By using this method, frequency curves of within-year storage requirements at 99 sites were computed at various draft rates. Only gaging stations having at least 8 years of record were included in the analyses.
The following limits were established for extending frequency curves. (1) For stations at which 8 or 9 years of record were available, the frequency curves were extended to the 10-year recurrence interval. (2) Stations having 10 or more years of record, but less than 20 years, were extended to 20 years. (3) Stations having 20 or more years of record were extended to 30 years. Within these limits, draft-frequency data were read from the curves for recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, 20, and 30 years.
The example computation for Flint River near Culloden was extended to 50 years to help illustrate the method of using frequency curves.
Over-Year Storage
Over-year storage will be required to maintain high draft rates. The method for analyzing over-year storage, as described by Riggs and Hardison (1973), is used in this report. This method is based on probability routing of annual mean discharges to define storage requirements. Diagrams in that report show storage requirements in terms of draft rate and variability of annual mean flows. Because these diagrams are based on an assumption of a constant flow during each year, seasonal adjustments, as described by Riggs and Hardison (1973), were made to draft-storage relations computed from them (fig. 2).
The Combined Draft-Storage Relation
Curves showing the relation of draft rates of as much as 60 percent of the mean annual discharge to storage requirements were obtained by combining over-year storage curves and within-year storage curves computed from ANSTOR computer data. A draft-storage curve for Flint River near Culloden for a 20-year recurrence interval (fig. 2) illustrates the method of combining the two. Figure 3 shows draft-storage relations for 2-, 5-, 10-, 20-, and 30year frequencies for Flint River near Culloden. For a 20-year recurrence interval, over-year storage is required for streams in Georgia when the draft rate exceeds from 30 to 50 percent of the mean annual discharge.
5

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TO BE ADDED TO OVER - YEAR S T ORAGE
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400

800

1200

1600

2000

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2800

STORAGE REQUIRED, IN THOUSANDS OF ACRE-FEET

Figure 2.- Draft-storage diagram for 20-year recurrence interval for Flint River near Culloden (station 02347500), showing method of combining within-year and over-year storage curves.

Regionalization of Draft-Storage Relations
Draft-storage relations at other than gaged sites can be estimated by relating draft-storage data to some flow parameter that can be estimated at the ungaged site. Draft-storage relations computed from streamflow records tend to have similar areal characteristics and patterns and lend themselves to definition of regional families of storage curves when compared with a third parameter, such as a characteristic of low flow. The selection of a low-flow index is not critical and, for this report, the index used is the minimum average flow for 7 consecutive days with a 10-year recurrence interval (7Ql0). To eliminate the effect of stream size, the data need to be converted to ratios to drainage-area size or to ratios to magnitudes of mean annual f low or storage. Regional storage curves previously published for Georgia streams used flow and storage data in units of ratio to drainage area. However, the magnitude of mean annual flow is a factor affecting draft-storage relations, especially for the higher draft rates. Tests of the two methods of adjusting for stream size showed that more consistent
7

errors of estimate. These regions conform, in part, to physiographic provinces. The need for such subdivision was first noted during preparation of regional storage curves based on the 1954 drought. Actual locations and boundaries of the regions in this report were mainly dictated by general patterns of draft-sto~age relationships. Region A conforms closely to the Valley ahd Ridge physiographic province in the northwest. Region B includes the remainder of the area north of the Fall Line, the Blue Ridge and the Piedmont provinces. The Coastal Plain, the area south of the Fall Line, is subdivided into Regions C and D.
PRESENTATION OF DRAFT-STORAGE DATA
Drainage areas, mean annual discharges, 7-day,10-year low flows, and locations by region are listed in table 2 for 99 continuous-record gaging stations and for 102 partial-record gaging stations. Low-flow data (7-day, 10-year) shown in table 2 were taken from the report by Carter and Putnam (1977). Draft-storage relations for th~ 99 continuous-record stations are listed in table 3 up to draft rates as much as 60 percent of the mean annual flow. High values of draft and storage are not shown for many streams in Regions C and D in the south, because the flat terrain limits availability of favorable sites for large reservoirs. Because of their length, tables 2 and 3 are placed at the end of the report.
Eleven of the gaging stations listed in table 3 were moved to near the end of the table to allow better definition of their draft-storage relations. This was done because they are in mountainous areas and have a regimen of flow that is greater, per unit of drainage area, than the State average. If these gaging stations had not been handled in this manner, table 3 would have been required to contain a greater number of columns, many of which would have been blank for most gaging stations.
Families of draft-storage curves are presented for each of the four regions for use in estimating storage requirements for ungaged streams. These curves are shown in figures 4-7 with 2-, 5-, 10-, 20-, and 30-year recurrence intervals shown as a, b, c, d, and e, respectively, for each figure number. These plots define the storage required for draft rates as much as 60 percent of the mean annual discharge. Definition of the curves is illustrated by plots of gaging-station data for a storage of 7 percent of the mean annual runoff for a 10-year frequency of recurrence in Region B (fig. 5c). The method for using the curves is- explained in the section, "Application to Stream-Development Problems."
Draft rates and storage data in table 3 are expressed as ratios to the drainage area of each gaging station instead of as ratio to mean, as in figures 4-7. It was felt that use of only one multiplier (drainage area) in table 3 for figures in the column headings (draft rates) and for figures in the body of the report (storage volumes) would make the table easier to use and would help to prevent errors. If the data in this table were expressed in units of ratio to mean, then two multipliers would be necessary. Mean annual flow would be needed for draft rates and mean annual flow volume would be needed for storage values, and this could possibly cause confusion.
9

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11

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Figure 4d.- Draft-storage relations for 20-year frequency related to the 10-year recurrence interval, 7-day average flow for streams in region A. Relations shown are for uniform draft rates. No adjustment has been made for reservoir seepage and evaporation.
13

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Figure Sa . - Draft-storage relations for 2-year frequency related to the 10-year recurrence interval , ?-day average flow for streams in region B. Relations shown are for uniform draft rates. No adjustment has been made for reservoir s eepage and evaporation. Computation of storage requirement for a stream site with a low-flow inde x of 0.123 mean annual flow is illustrated a s e x plained in "Determination of Storage Required at
Pontential Reservo i r Sites " .

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TEN-YEAR MINIMUM 7-DAY AVERAGE FLOW , IN RATIO TO MEAN ANNUAL FLOW

Figure 5c.- Draft-storage relations for 10-year frequency related to the 10-year recurrence interval. 7-day average flow for streams in region B. Relations shown are for uniform draft rates. No adjustment has been made for reservoir seepage and evaporation . Definition of curves is illustrated by plotting of data points for the curve representing 0.07 mean annual flow volume. Computation of storage requirement for a stream site with a low-flow inde x of 0 .123 mean annual flow is illustrated as explained in "Determination of Storage Required at Potential Reservoir Sites" .

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Figure 5e.- Draft-storage relations for 30-year frequency related to the 10-year recurrence interval , ?-day average flow for streams in region B. Relations shown are for uniform dr a ft rates . No adjustment has been made for reservoir s eepage and evaporation . Computation of storage requirement for a stream site with a low - flow inde x of 0.123 me a n annual flow is illu s trated a s e x plained i n "Determin a tion of Stor a ge R e quired a t
Pontential Reservoir Site s.

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Figure 6b.- Draft-storage relations for 5-year frequency related to the 10-year recurrence interval, 7-day average flow for streams in region C. Relations shown are for uniform draft rates. No adjustment has been made for reservoir seepage and evaporation.

21

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Figure 6d.- Draft-storage relations for 20-year frequency related to the 10-year recurrence interval , ?-day average flow for streams in region C . Relations shown are for uniform draft rates. No adjustment has been made for reservoir seepage and evaporation .

23

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Figure 7a.- Draft-storage relations for 2-year frequency related to the 10-year recurrence interval, 7-day average flow for streams in region D. Relations shown are for uniform draft rate s . No adjustment has been made for reservoir seepage and evaporation.

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5 r eqy ir e~, i h -~~~dld me a n ~ t_::::::I:_..,~J..J-...1 rU_-J )~ ,-/~//1/ 0 0 03 ! s torage

f-

I ; ; :/ 't 0 0.02

j


f<(

i '

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!

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z
w -
f<(

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00 ..000076 t--- - -+-------it---+--+--+-

'

:

a:

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_c



1 1

a'iJ nu aTLfloiv vjotcrnte i,

I
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:
.



'II,~ ~ ~~ ~ - ~/: i il' ~ i M"~ : /

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o.

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lIi i'.I_ 1!I !1Ii 1iI

J I

.

,

(\ -

_ _ . . .:-, -- - - -.

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'I

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/

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; I 1/

~==t:;;;~:t:Enn====~=:rnrtt==1=1=l:2c!~trrr=-=-=-=-=-:=-=-=-r=--~-~----~-~--_J~-++,- f- 0o.o0 0o4 ~

.

I/

,

1

1 ,: o:o4 1: 0 03

:,, 0.02
'

1 J 0.0 1

0.009

I i
,

'l
I

:>' 'I
j ,_

000 ..000000768

1

, . 0 005

: :,-:1:1 I: .

0. 0 0 4

lL <(

I

/ ! II

I

1
I

a:
0 :: : : : r--------i---+-----+--+-+-+-+-H-----+----+---+--t-1,-+1--+'-t-
Ii 1

oAI /

1

1 1

I d 11 i --->-------!-!I--+1-+---ilf-+-il-!-+-1 :::::

I ! :,. REGION

I

' I'

0
1 0
0 .0 0 1 '----'------'----- --'---'---'---'--'----'----'---'-----'---'-j-'--l----'--'-1L/L,__-'--ii_---'---I--'---'-/_.___/'--Jilj'-'-j__._____-_v__e,__a;_r_J_If_r_jj___q _],_eL:UlJ o.oo1

0.00001

0.001

0.01

0. 1

AVERAGE FLOW, IN RATIO TO MEAN ANNUAL FLOW

Figure 7c.- Draft-storage relations for 10-year frequency related to the 10-year recurrence interval, 7-day average flow for streams in region D. Relations shown are for uniform draft rates. No adjustment has been made for reservoir seepage and evaporation.

s
0
_J LL

_J
<t
=zz::>
<t
z
<t
w
::::2:

0
f-

N

0

\1:)

f-

<t

I a:
z 0.01

- 0. 009

w

0.008 0 . 0 07

I

f-
<t
a:

0. 006 0. 005

f- 0. 004

LL

<t
a:

0. 003

0

I J i

I !

0.6 0.5

! : 0.4

I' ' 0.3

0.2

I

Figure 7e.- Draft-storage relations for 30 - year frequency related to the 10 - year recurrence interval, 7-day average flow for streams in region D. Relations shown are for uniform draft rates . No adjustment has been made for rese'rvoir seepage and evaporation.

1.0
EXP L ANAT ION

Region A

ui
::;;:

<{
a:

(:J

<{

0. 1

0

0 Region B
Region C ... Region D

llJ (:J

:w:;;:

<{
a:

::J
_J

0
f--

0 >

s: (f)

~
LL

0

<{ _J

a: LL

0.0 1

0 _J

_J
<{
z
0
Ci
w

<{
:zz:J
<{
z

.w......

a:

<{
w

::;;: ::;;:

0a: 0 0.001

0

LL f--

0 0

w
f-::J a_

f-<{
a:

...

::;;: z

0

0

w
(:J
<{
a: 0
f--

~ 0.0001

Curve I- Draft r ate
1 percent of mean

annual flow

(f)

0 0001

SCALE FOR CURVE l i

0 001

0 01

/~.:;,.,:... "'' 0 percent of mea n annual flo w
/

0 1
"'"']J[ """ ""
20 perc ent of mean annua l flo w

0 001

S,CALE FOR CURVE Il[

0 01

0 1

05

C urve Til- D r af t

rate 40 percent of

/

mean annual flow

0.00001L-~~~------~~~--------~~----------L---------~~----------~~--------~~-----------L------------L-----------~------__J

0.000 1

0.001

0.01

0.0001

0.001

0.01

0.1

SCALE FOR CURVE I

SCALE FOR CURVE ]J[

STORAGE COM PUTED FROM GAGING-STATION DATA, IN RATIO TO MEAN ANNUAL FLOW VOLUME

Figure

8.-

Relation

between

s torage

--.:~~;-.~-
require me n 'f~"'' 9.0 m p u ted

f r om

.

.

gag 1n g - s t a t 1on

data

and

from

regional

draft-storage diagrams for variou s d r a f t r a t e s"'.;to..r a 2 0- yea r f r e q u e n c y .

EXP LAN AI I ON
LIN E OF EQ UAL AVERAGE ANNUAL LA KE E VAPORAT I ON-
Int e rv a l 2 in c h es

EXPLANAT I O N

-7 2-

LINE 0 F E 0 U A L M E AN A NNU AL PREC I P I TAT I O N1 94 1 -7 0 -Int e r va l 4
in c hes

w w

Figure 10.- Average annual lake evaporation for the period 1946-55. From National Weather Service
( 1959).

0

I I I I

I I

0

50

I
I

I I

50

I 00

100
I
KILOMETERS

Figure 11.- Average annual rainfall in Georgia , 1941-70 . (Data furnished and map reviewed by National Weather Service.)

gaging stations shows a good correlation (fig. 12). The continuousrecord station used is Yellow River near Snellville (station 02206500).

100

>- >--

<( UJ

~

UJ
w..

I

0 ~

i !!l :::J

UJ 0

>--
,<_(

~

Note: A base f l ow of 5.0 cubic f eet per seco nd a t station 02206500 indi ca t es a like l y base flow of 8.6 c ubi c feet per second a t s t atio n

-'
<(

:;;

a. UJ
<( I

UJ
w.. ...J

0 I >--

UJ UJ

0 !!l

a:
<(

a:

I <(

z 0 UJ
Ul

0

10
5 2

"I '
10

100

D I SC HARG E OF YELLOW RIVER AT GAG I NG STA TI O N NEAR S N ELLV ILL E ( 134 SQU AR E MI L ES) , IN CUB I C F EE T PER SECO ND

200

Figure 12 . - Relation of concurrent base flows for Apalachee River near Bethlehem and Yellow River near Snellville showing method for estimating low-flow index (7-day minimum flow with a 10-year recurrence interval).

5. 7Q10 for station 02206500 is 5 ft3fs, which is used to enter the regression in figure 12 and from it, the low-flow index for Apalachee River is determined to be 8.6 ft3/s, which is 8.6/70 or 0.123 of the mean annual discharge.
6. By entering a 7Q10 of 0.123 of mean annual flow on the abscissa scale of the draft-storage diagrams for Region B (figs. Sa, b, c, d, e), draft rates for various storage values can be read from the ordinate scale for frequencies of 2, 5, 10, 20, and 30 years. A summary of these data for a 10-year frequency follows:

Draft rate

(1)

(2)

Ratio to mean Cubic feet per

annual flow second (1) X 70

0.15 .18 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6

10.5 12.6 14 21 28
35 42

Storage required

(3)

(4)

Ratio to mean Acre-feet

annual runoff (3) X 50,700

0.0009 .0078 .0042 .023 .052 .11 .18

45 142 212 1,170 2,640 5,580 9,130

35

The volume of storage required to maintain a given draft rate may be estimated simply by noting the value of the storage curve intersecting the left ordinate axis, the draft-rate axis, of the diagram at the desired draft rate. A storage estimate by this method is the best that can be obtained for such streams using the regional data available.
General Utility of the Data
Data and methods of application, as presented in this repnrt, are expected to be useful for development of small and medium streams having less than 1,000 mi2 of drainage area. This report is intended for reconnaissance-type studies to determine the suitability of a given stream site, or the relative merits of several alternative stream sites. The curves herein provide the best available estimate of the volume of storage that will be required on an ungaged stream. Flows of very large streams are, generally, not amenable to regional analysis methods. Also, most of the large rivers in Georgia have already been extensively developed by construction of storage reservoirs. Any additional projects on large streams will likely be complex and costly and will require an intensive engineering study.
Increasing demands for water supplies on small and medium size streams and the resulting requirements for low-flow augmentation are the most obvious source of demands for draft-storage analyses. However, this is not the only type of need that such analyses can supply. At present, many operators of municipal and industrial wastewater treatment facilities on streams having insufficient flows during droughts are likely to consider alternatives to the considerable expense of high levels of waste treatment. One alternative is low-flow augmentation provided from a storage reservoir on the stream. A more likely solution is to build an off-channel wastewater storage lagoon in which all or part of the treated wastewater would be stored during periods when streamflow is inadequate to provide the dilution required to meet water-quality standards. In this situation, draft-storage curves could also be helpful. This application is an extension and modification of a method previously proposed by G. G. Goddard (U.S. Geological Survey, written commun., 1970).
Consider this example:
Water-quality standards are to be maintain~d in a stream below a wastewater outfall during droughts having recurrence intervals up to 10 years. The statistics are:
A. Drainage area of receiving stream, 54 mi2.
B. Index flow (7Q10) of stream, 8.6 ft3/s.
C. Average rate of effluent flow, 3.5 ft3/s.
D. Desired dilution factor, 3 parts streamflow to 1 part wastewater flow.
E. Streamflow required to maintain dilution, 10.5 ft3/s.
37

data in each of four regions in the State, conforming, in part, to physiographic provinces. These analyses supersede previously available draftstorage analyses which were not on a frequency basis, or were applicable only to limited areas.
This report describes previously unpublicized methods for using draftstorage curves in the design process of off-channel storage or landtreatment facilities for effluents from wastewater treatment plants. This significantly extends the usefulness of draft-storage analyses to include wastewater treatment plant design as well as water-supply problems. The report also presents a method for making estimates of storage requirements in problem areas, such as in much of south Georgia, where wastewater receiving streams are frequently in a condition of no flow and, therefore, do not have a low-flow index for use in the conventional method for making storagerequirement estimates.
SELECTED REFERENCES
Beard, L. R., 1943, Statistical analysis in hydrology: American Society of Civil Engineers Transactions, v. 108, P 1110-1160.
Carter, R. F., 1970, Evaluation of the surface-water data program in Geor-
gia: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report, 65 P
Carter, R. F., and Gannon, W. B., 1965, Surface-water resources of the Yellow River basin in Gwinnett County, Georgia: Georgia Geologic Survey Information Circular 22.
Carter, R. F., and Putnam, s. A., 1977, Low-flow frequency of Georgia
streams: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations 77-127,
101 P
Chow, V. T., 1964, Handbook of applied hydrology: New York, HcGraw-Hill Book Company, p. 8-28.
Dawdy, D. R., and Matalas, N. C., 1964, Analysis of variance, covariance,
and time series, in Chow, V. T., Handbook of applied hydrology: New York, McGraw-HillBook Company, P 8-68 to 8-90.
-
Hardison, C. H., 1966, Storage to augment low flows, in St. Hilda's College, Oxford, England, 1965, Proceedings Reservoir Yield Symposium [Medmenham, Buckinghamshire, England] Water Research Association Paper 8, 41 p.
Inman, E. J., 1971, Flow characteristics of Georgia streams: U.S. Geologi-
cal Survey Open-File Report, 262 p.
Riggs, H. C., 1966, Hydrologic data for reservoir design, in Hydrology of Lakes and Reservoirs, v. 2: International Science Hydrology Publication 71, Symposium of Garda, p. 540-550.
- - -1968, Frequency curves: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of WaterResources Investigations, Book 4, Chapter A2, 15 p.
39

Table 2.- Flow characteristics at selected sites on Georgia streams
(Type- of station: D, daily-discharge gaging station; P, partial-record gaging station. Mean annual discharges: values in parentheses were estimated from plate 1. Low-flow index: minimum 7-day flow having a recurrence interval of 10 years)

Mean ann ua l dischar ge, ad justed
to period 1941-70

Low-flow index

Station number

Name

Location

Type

Drainage
area (mi2)

Cubic feet per
second

Cubic feet per second per square
mile

Cubic Ratio feec pe r to
secon d mean

Region

Savannah River Basin

02177000 Chattooga River Lat 3448'50"", long 8318'22"",

near Clayton

Oconee County, S.C., on l eft

bank 150 ft downstream from

bridge on U.S. Highway 76, 2.8

mi upstream from Stekoa Creek,

7 mi southeast of Clayton, 9 mi

downstream from War Woman Creek ,

and 9 mi upstream from conflu-

ence with Tallulah River.

D

207

630

3.04

02178400 Tallulah River Lat 3453'25"", long 8331'50"",

near Clayton

Rabun County, on right bank 100

ft downstream from county high-

way bridge, 120 ft downstream

from Persimmon Creek, 8 mi up-

stream from Burton Dam, and 10.3

mi west of Clayton.

D

56.5 181

3. 20

02180400 Tiger Creek

Lat 3447'04", long 8324'58",

at Lakemont

Rabun County, on county highway

bridge, at Lakemont.

p

a26

(70. 2) (2.70)

02182000 Panthe r Creek Lat 3440'40", long 8320'43",

near Toccoa

Stephens County , on left bank

at Yonah Settlement, 0.2 mi up-

stream from mouth, and 7 rni

north of Toccoa.

D

32.5

67. 7 2.08

02188500 South Beaverdam Lat 34.10'52"", l ong 8256'38"",

Creek at

Elbert Co unt y , on left bank 50

Dewy Rose

ft upstream from highway bridge,

l mi northeast of Dewy Rose, and

3 mi upstream from confluence

with North Beaverdam Creek.

D

35.8

50.5 1.41

02191200 Hudson River at Homer

Lat 3420'15", long 8329'17",

Banks County, on downstream side

of center pier of bridge on

State Highway 15 at Homer, 3 .6

mi upstream from Webb Creek, and

10.8 mi upstream from Grove

Creek .

D

61.1 105

1.72

02191300 Broad River

Lat 3404'24"", long 8300'12"',

above Carlton

~fa dis on County, at State Highway

72, 2.8 mi northeast of Carlton. p

760 (1,100) (1.45)

02191700 South Fork Broad River near Comer

Lat 34 o3 '40 "", long 83 o9 '22 .. ,

~~ dison County, at State Highway

72, 2 mi west of Comer.

p

a89

(120) (1.35)

02191800 Falling Creek Lat 3400'14", long 8248'32",

near

Elbert County, at county road

Fortsonia

1. 8 mi southwest of Fortsonia.

p

a44

(48.4) (1.10)

02191900 Long Creek

Lat 3350'30", long 8303'50",

near Lexington Oglethorpe County, at State

Highway 10 , 3.5 mi southeast of

Lexington.

p

a31

(34. 1) ( 1.10)

02 192000 Broad River near Bell

Lat 3358 '27"", long 8246' 12"", Elbert County, at downst ream side of main channel pier of bridge on State Highway 17, 0.5 mi downstream from Long Creek, 1 mi south of Bells Crossroads, and 12 mi southeast of Elberton.

D a1,430

1,740

1. 22

120

0.19

B

54

.30

B

12

.17

B

14

.21

B

5.4

.11

B

28

.27

B

180

.16

B

11

.085

B

1.9

.039

B

3.6

.11

B

200

.11

B

a Approximatel y.

41

Table 2.- Flow characteristics at' selected sites on Georgia streams - Continued
(Type of station : D. daily-discharge gaging station; P, partial -record gaging station . Mean annual dis.charges: values in parentheses were estimated from plate 1. Low - flow index: minimum ?-day flow having a recurrence interval of 10 years)

Mean annual
discharge, adjusted t o period 1941 - 70

Low-flow index

Station number

Name

Location

Type

Drainage
area (mi2)

Cubic feet per
second

Cubic feet per second per square
mile

Cubic Ratio feet per to
second mean

Region

Ogeechee River Basin--Continued

02202000 Ogeechee River at Scarboro

Lat 32'42 ' 38" , long 81'52'46", Jenkins County , on left bank 15 ft downstream from abandoned highway bridge at Scarboro , 3. 5 mi downstream from Sculls Creek, 6.5 mi upstream from Horse Creek and 7 . 5 mi southeast of Millen .

D a1, 940

1,780

02202500 Ogeec hee River
near Eden

Lat 32'11 '29", long 81'24 ' 58" , Effingham County , on right bank 600 ft downstream f r om bridge on U. S. Highways 25 , 80, and 280, 2 mi west of Eden, 2 mi upstream from Seaboard Coast Line Railroad bridge, and 3 mi upstream from Black Cr eek .

D a2 , 650

2,380

02202800 Canoochee Creek Lat 32'36'19", long 82'15 ' 21" ,

near

Emanuel County , at U. S. Highway

Swainsboro

80, 4 . 75 mi east of Swainsboro .

p

a 55

(49 . 5)

02203000 Canoochee River Lat 32'11 ' 05", l ong 81'53'20" ,

near Claxton

Evans County, on right bank 400

ft upstream from bridge on Stat e

Highway 73, 2 mi northeast of

Claxton, and 10 mi upstream from

Lotts Creek.

D

a555

467

0. 91
. 89 ( . 90)
. 84

180

0.10

c

240

.10

c

0

D

1.6

. 0034

D

02204300

Little Cotton Indian Creek
near Stockbridge

0220500

Wildcat Creek near Lawren c eville

02205500 Pew Creek near Lawrenceville

02206000 Shetley Creek near Norcross

02206500 Yellow River near Snellville

Al tamaha River Basin

Lat 33'31 '26", long 84' 11' 21" ,

Henry County , at State Highway

42, 2 . 5 mi southeast of

Stockbridge .

p

a 50

Lat 34'00 ' 08" , long 84'00'18",

Gwinnett Co un ty, on left bank 75

ft upstream from highway bridge,

0 . 7 mi upstream from mouth, 1.1

mi east of State Highway 20 , and

3.2 mi north of Lawrenceville.

D

1. 59

Lat 33'56'05", l ong 84'01' 00" ,

Gwinnett County , on right bank

20 ft upstream from highway

bridge, 1 mi upstream from Red-

l and Creek , and 2 . 2 mi southwest

of Lawrenceville .

D

2. 23

Lat 33'57'20", l ong 84'09'50" ,

Gwinnett County , on ri ght bank

150 ft upstream from hi ghway

bridge, 1 mi upstream from

mouth , and 2 . 8 mi northeast of

Norcross .

D

. 98

Lat 33'51'11", long 84'04 ' 45 ",

Gwinnett County, on left bank at

downstream side of county high-

way bridge, 3 . 2 mi west of

Snellville , 4 mi downstream from

Sweetwater Cr eek , 6 . 5 mi north-

east of t own of Stone Mountain,

and 7.5 mi upstream from Stone

Mountain Creek .

D

134

(57.5) ( 1.1 5) 2 .1 1. 32 3. 3 1.48 1. 3 1.34

166

1. 23

5.1

. 089

B

. 04

. 019

B

. 20

06 1

B

. 038 . 029

B

5. 0

. 030

B

a Approximately .

43

Table 2.- Flow characteristics at selected sites on Georgia streams - Continued
(Type of station: D, daily - discharge gaging station; P, partial-record gaging station. Mean annual discharges: values in parentheses were estimated from plate 1. Low-flow index: minimum 7-day flow having a recurrence interval of 10 years}

Mean annual discharge, adjusted
to period 1941-70

Low-flow index

Station numb e r

Name

Location

Type

Drainage
area (mi2)

Cubic feet per
second

Cubic feet per second per square
mile

Cubic Ratio feet per to
second mean

Region

Altamaha River Basin--Continued

02213500 Tobesofkee

Lat 3248'32 "", long 8345'30"",

Creek

Bibb County, on right bank at

near Macon

downstream end of pier of bridge

on U.S. Highway 80, 8 mi west of

Hacon , and 14 mi upstream from

mouth.

D

182

196

1.07

8. 5

0.043

B

02214000 Echeconee Cr eek Lat 3245 '54"", l ong 8350'42"" ,

near Hacon

Crawford-Bibb Counties, at

county road , 13 mi southwest of

Macon .

p

147

(154)

(1.05)

3.0

.019

c

02214500 Big Indian

Lat 3227'20"", long 8344'21"",

Creek at Perry Houston County , at municipal

waterworks at Perr y , on left

bank 300 ft downstream from

bridge on U. S. Highway 41, 1 mi

downstream from Bay Creek, and

3.2 mi upstream from Flat Creek. D

108

85.3

.79

21

.25

c

02215100 Big Cr eek near Hawkinsville

La t 3214'23"", long 8330 '04"", Pulaski County , at State Highway 27, 3 . 5 mi southwest of Hawkinsville.

p

a155

( 163)

( 1.05)

5.5

.034

c

02216000 Little Ocmulgee Lat 3200'28"", long 8245'10"",

River at Towns Te lfa ir County, at bridge on

State Highway 134 at Towns, and

9 mi upstream from mouth.

D

325

365

1.11

2.6

.0071

D

02217000 Allen Creek at Talmo

Lat 34 o 11' 34 .. , l ong 83 43 '11"",

Jackson County, 400 ft upstream

from bridge on St ate Highway 11,

0.5 mi north of Ta lmo, and 5 mi

upstream f rom con fluence with

Pond Fork.

D

17.3

26.9

1. 56

2.4

.089

B

02217200 Middle Oconee Lat 3405'42"" , long 8336'21"",

River

Jackson County, at State High-

near Jefferson way 11, 2. 2 mi southwest of

Jefferson.

p

12 8

(181)

(1.42)

12

.066

B

02217300 Cedar Cr eek

Lat 3400 ' 43"", long 8344'19"",

near Winder

Barrow Count y, at county road,

1. 8 mi west of Winde r.

p

a9.9 (13. 4) (1.35)

.21

.016

B

02217500 Middl e Oconee Lat 3356'48"", long 8325'22"",

River

Clarke County, on left bank 0.5

nea r Athens

mi upstream from U.S. Hi ghway

29, 2 mi west of Athens, and 5

mi upstream from Barber Creek.

D

398

505 . 0

1. 27

45

.089

B

02217600 Nor th Oconee

Lat 34 o 13 '49"", long 83 34' 07"",

River

Jacks on County , at count y road ,

near ~laysville 1. 5 mi south of Haysville .

p

a70

(105)

(1. 50)

16

.15

B

02217700 Sandy Creek

Lat 3359 '10 "" , long 8322'38"",

at Athens

Clarke County, a t State Highway

24, near Athens.

p

a6 1

(82.4) (1.35)

3.8

.046

B

02218500 Oconee River near Greensbo r o

Lat 3334'52"", long 8316'22"", Greene County, on right bank 300 ft downstream from bridge on State Highway 12, 1 mi downstream from Town Creek, 5 mi upstre am from Apalachee River , 5 mi west of Greensbor o , and 12 mi downstream from Barnett Shoals Dam .

D a1,090

1,310

1.20

150

.11

B

a App roxima t ely .
45

Table 2.- Flow characteristics at selected sites on Georgia streams - Continued
(Type of station : D, daily-discharge gaging station; P, partial-record gaging station. Mean annual discharges : values in parentheses were estimated from plate 1. Low-flow inde x: minimum 7-day flow having a recurrence interval of 10 ye1rsJ

Mean annua l discharge, adjusted
to period 1941-70

Low-flow index

Sta ti on number

Name

Location

Type

Drainage area (mi2)

Cubic fee t per
second

Cubi c feet per second pe r square
mile

Cubic Ratio feet per to second mean

Region

Al tamaha River Basin--Continued

02225100 Cobb Creek

Lat 32"02'06" , long 82"22'44",

near Lyons

Toombs County , at Sta t e Highway

56 , 1. 8 mi northeast of Cedar

Crossing, and 13 mi northeast

of Lyons.

p

a69

(62 .1) (0.90)

0

02225300 Ohoopee River Lat 32"23'26 "", long 82"18 ' 46 "",

near Oak Park Emanuel Co unty, a t U. S. Highway

1, 2.5 mi north of Oak Park .

p

a620

(552)

( . 89)

10

02225500 Ohoo pee River Lat 32"04 ' 42 ", l ong 82"10 ' 39 " ,

near

Tattnall County , on downstream

Reidsville

side of pier near center of span

of bridge on State Highway 56,

0 . 5 mi downs tream from Brazells

Creek, 1.5 mi downstream f rom

Rocky Creek , 3 . 5 mi west of

Reidsvil l e , 6 mi downstream f r om

Pendleton Cr eek , and 14 mi up-

st ream from mouth.

D al, ll O

996

. 89

34

02226 100 Penholoway

Lat 31"34'00", long 81"50 '1 8",

Creek

Wayne County, on downstream side

near Jesup

of bridge on U. S. Highway 341, 4

mi so utheast of Jesup , and about

9. 5 mi upstream from mouth.

D

a2 10

206

98

0

D

. 018

D

. 034

D

D

Satil la River Basin

02226200 Sa tilla Rive r near Doug l as

Lat 31"24'45 ", long 82"51'01" , Coffee County , a t U. S. Hi ghway 441, 6. 5 nti south of Douglas .

p

a235

02226500 Satilla River near Waycross

Lat 31"14'17"", l ong 82"19 ' 29 "", \-/a re County, on downst ream side of pier near center of span of bridge on State Highway 38 , 3 mi northeas t of Waycross , and 16 mi upstream from Al abaha River.

D a 1, 200

02227000 Hur ri cane Cr eek Lat 31"34'00" , long 82"27'50" ,

near Alma

Bacon County , near cen-t er of

span on downstream side of high-

way bridge on U. S. Hi ghway l,

l. 5 mi no rth of Alma, and ll mi

upst ream from Ten Ui le Creek.

D

alSO

02227100 Litt l e Hurri- Lat 31"29'47"", long 82"3 1 '45"" ,

cane Creek

Bacon County , a t State Highway

near Alma

64 , 5 mi southwest of Alma .

p

a6 1

02227200 Little Hu rri- La t 31"25'25 "" , l ong 82"25'59 "",

cane Cr eek

Bacon Coun t y , at St ate Highway

below Alma

4, 8. 5 mi so uth of Alma.

p

lll

02227300 Alabaha River near Blackshear

Lat 31"19 ' 00"", l ong 82"13'36 "", Pierce County , at State Highway 38, 1 mi northeast of Blackshea r.

p

438

02227400 Big Satilla

La t 31"39 ' 24"", l ong 82"25 ' 55"",

Creek

Bacon Co unt y , at Sta t e Highway

near Alma

4, 8 . 2 mi north of Al ma .

p

11 2

02227430 Lit tle Satilla Lat 31 "40 ' 00 .. , long 82"02 ' 23""

Creek at Odum Wayne Co unt y, at St a te Highway

27 a t Odum , 10 mi northwest of

Jesup .

p

a49

(204)
989.0
139 (51. 8) (93.2) (372) (100) (39 . 2)

( . 87)
. 82
.92 (. 85) ( . 84) ( . 85) ( .90 ) (.80)

0
13
0 0 0 1. 7 0 0

D

. 013

D

D D D

.0046

D

D

D

a Approximate l y.
47

Table 2.- Flow characteristics at selected sites on Georgia streams -Continued
(Type of station: D, daily-discharge gaging sta tion ; P, partial-record gaging station. Mean annual discharges: values in parentheses were estimated from plate 1. Low-flow index: minimum 7-day flow having a recurrence interval of 10 years)

Mean annual discharge , adjusted
to period 1941-70

Low-flow index

Station number

Name

Location

Type

Drainage area (mi2)

Cubic feet per
second

Cubic feet per second per square
mile

Cubic Ratio feet per to
second mean

Reg ion

Suwannee River Basin--Continued

02316200 Willacoochee Creek near Ocilla

Lat 31"30 ' 06", long 83"09'43", Irwin County , at State Hi ghway 90, 8 mi southeast of Ocilla .

a90

(80.1)

02317500

Alapaha River at Statenville

Lat 30"42' 14"", long 82"02'00"",
Echols County, at downstream side of left bank pier of bridge on State Highway 94, 0 . 2 mi west of Statenville.

D a1,400 1, 070

02317600 Little River

Lat 30"42' 12", long 83"07'21"",

near

Echols County , at county road,

Statenville

5.5 mi west of Statenville.

p

199

(179)

02317700 Withlacoochee Lat 31"11'54", long 83" 16'21",

River

Berrie n County, at State High-

nea r Nashville way 76, 1.5 mi southwest of

Nashville.

p

132

(112)

02317800 Little River near Tifton

Lat 31"26'21"", l ong 83"33'39 "",

Tift County , a t U.S . Highway 82,

3 mi west of Tifton.

p

a145

(126)

02317900 Ty Ty Creek at Ty Ty

Lat 31"28'22 "", long 83"39'47"", Tift County, at U. S. Highway 82, 1 mi west of Ty Ty.

a47

(40.0)

02318000 Li ttle River

Lat 31"09'18", long 83"32'38",

near Adel

Cook County, on right bank 500

ft downstream from bridge on

State Highway 37, 0 . 5 mi down-

stream from Georgia & Florida

Railroad bridge, 5. 5 mi upstream

from Bear Creek, 6 mi downstream

from Warrior Creek , and 7 mi

west of Adel.

D

577

496

02318500 Withlacoochee River near Quitman

Lat 30"47'36", long 83"27'13", Brooks County, at bridge on U. S. Highway 84, 800 ft downstream from Seaboard Coast Line Railroad bridge , 6 mi east of Quitman.

D a1,480 1,140.

02319000 Withlacoochee River near Pinetta, Fl a .

Lat 30"35 ' 43", long 83"15'35", in NW quarter sec.7, T.2N.,
R.11E., tiadison County, on right bank 30 ft downstream from !ughway bridge, O. l mi downstream from small tributary, 0 . 3 mi west of Bellville, 5.6 mi east of Pinetta , and 22 mi upstream from mouth.

D a2,120

1,700

(0.89) .76
( . 90) ( . 85) ( .87) (.85)
86 .77
. 80

0

D

25

0.023

D

2.1

.012

D

0

D

0

D

0

D

1.2

.0024

D

8.0

.0070

D

90

053

D

02327200 Ochlockonee River at l1oultrie
02327500 Ochlockonee River nea r Thomas ville
a Approximately.

Ochlockonee River Basin

Lat 31"10 ' 58", long 83"48'32" ,

Colquitt County, a t State High-

way 37, at Houltrie.

p

a96

Lat 30"52 ' 32", long 84"02'44",

Thomas County , on downstream

side of left bank pier of

bridge on U. S. Highway 84, 2 mi

upstream from Seaboard Coast

Line Railroad bridge, 4 mi up-

stream from Barnetts Creek, 5 mi

northwest of Thomasville, and 6

mi downstream from Little

Ochlockonee River.

D

a 550

49

(85.4) 522

( . 89) 95

0

D

4.9

.0094

D

Table 2.- Flow ch ar acter ist ic s at selected si te s on Georgi a streams - Continued
( T y p e o f st a ti o n : D , dai l y - d i scha r g e gagi n g s ta ti o n ; P, p ar ti a l- r eco r d ga gin g sta t io n . Mea n a nnu a l di sc h a rg es: val u es in pa r entheses we r e esti m a t e d f r o m p la t e 1. L ow -flo w in d e x; mi n imum 7-day fl ow hav in g a r ecu r re nce inte r v al of 10 year s)

Mean annual dis c harge , ad juste d
to period 194 1- 70

l;ow- f l ow index

Station number

Name

Location

Type

Dr a i n a g e area (mi2)

Cubic feet per
second

Cubic feet pe r second pe r square
mile

Cubic Ratio feet per to second mea n

Region

Apalachicola River Basin--Continued

02333600 Yahoola Creek Lat 3432 ' 41", 10ng 8358 ' 08",

at Dah l onega

Lumpkin County , at Sta t e High-

way 52, at Dahlonega .

p

31. 3 (7 1. 9)

02335700 Big Creek

Lat 3403'02" , long 84 o 16 ' 10 " ,

near

Fulton County , on l ef t bank at

Alpharetta

downstream side of co unty high-

way bridge , 2 . 6 mi so utheast of

Alpha retta , and 9 . 4 mi upstream

from mouth .

D

a72

101

02335900 Rottenwoood Creek near Marietta

Lat 3354 ' 41 ", long 8428 ' 43" , Cobb Co un ty , at Terre ll Mill Roa d, nea r Ma rietta .

p

a 15

(1 9. 5)

02336 100 North For k

La t 3350 ' 28" , long 84 18 ' 46",

Peachtree

DeKalb County , at Cl a irmont

Creek

Roa d, near Atla nta .

p

27 . 8 (3 6.7 )

at Atlanta

02336300 Peachtree Creek Lat 33'49 ' 10 "' long 8424 ' 28" ,

a t At lanta

Fulton County , on downstream

side of bridge on Nor t hside

Dr ive a t Atlan t a, 0 . 4 mi down-

stream from Tanyard Branch , and

4 mi ups t ream f r om mouth .

D

86 . 8 120

02336400 Nancy Creek

La t 3350 ' 54" , long 8425 ' 58",

a t Atlanta

Fu lton County, a t Wes t Paces

Fer ry Roa d, at Atlanta .

p

38 . 2 (4 9. 6)

02336800 Swee t water

Lat 3348 ' 17 ", long 8447 '1 0" ,

Cr eek

Paulding Co unty , at county road,

nea r Hi ram

5. 5 mi southwes t of Hi ra m.

p

a 50

(72 . 5)

02337000 Swee t wa t er

Lat 3346 ' 22" , l ong 84 36 ' 53" ,

Creek

Dougl as County , on r i ght bank

near Auste ll

100 f t upst ream from br idge on

Interstate H i gh~<ay 20, 400 ft

upst r eam from Bl ai r Bridge , 3

mi southeas t of Austel l , and

5 . 5 mi upstream from mouth .

D

246

02337200 Anneewakee

Lat 33 39 ' 55" , l ong 84 41' 02 " ,

Creek near

Douglas County, at State Highway

Camp be llton

166 , l mi ups t ream from mouth .

p

a2 9

02337400 Dog River near I Lat 3339 ' 36" , l ong 8451 ' 41 " ,

Dougl asvi ll e

Douglas Co unt y , at co unty roa d,

2 . 2 mi north of Fair Pl ay .

p

a43

310 -
37 . 7
(62 . 4)

02337500 Snake Cr eek near Whitesbur g

Lat 333 1 ' 46" ' l ong 8455 ' 42 ",

Carro l l County , a t downstream

end of left bank pie r of high-

way bri dge a t Banning Hill s , 1. 5

mi nor t h of St a t e Highway 16 , 3

mi no r thwest of Whitesbu rg , 4 mi

downs tream from Lit tle Snake

Creek , and 7 mi ups tream fro m

mouth .

D

a37

55 . 8

02338 100 Wahoo Cr eek

Lat 3325 ' 20 ", l ong 84 o 50 ' 27" ,

near Sargent

Cowe t a Co unty , a t co unty road ,

2 mi sout heast of Sargent .

p

al6

(20 . 2)

02338400 Centra lhatchee Cr eek nea r Franklin

Lat 3318'58" , long 8506 ' 19", l-Ieard County , at U. S. Hi ghway 27 ' no rt h of Fr anki i n .

p

a 57

(87 . 8)

(2 . 30)
1. 39 ( 1. 30) (1. 32 )
1. 38 (1 , 30 ) (1, 45)
1. 26 1. 30 (1 , 45)
1. 51 ( 1. 26) (1 . 54)

18

0 . 25

14

.1 4

3. 6

. 18

. 85

. 02 3

11

. 092

3. 7

. 07 5

1. 5

. 02 1

15

.048

3. 6

. 095

5. 8

. 093

9. 2

. 16

2. 3

11

13

. 15

B
B B B
B B B
B
I B
B
B B B

a Ap proximate l y .

51

Table 2.- Flow characteristics at selected sites on Georgia streams - Continued
(Type of station : D. daily-discharge gaging station ; P, partial-record gaging station. Mean annual discharges : values in parentheses were estimated from plate 1. Low-flow index: minimum 7-day flow having a recurrence interval of 10 vears)

Station number

Name

Locat i on

Mean annual discharge, adjusted
to period 1941-70

Type

Drainage area (mi2)

Cubic feet per
seco nd

Cubic feet per second per square
mile

Low-flow index
Cubic Ratio feet pe r to
second mean

I
Reg i on

Apa l achico l a River Basin-- Conti nued

02344900 Walnut Creek

La t 3300 ' 44" , l ong 8442'34" ,

near

Heriwet her Count y, a t State

Greenvill e

Hi ghway 41, 1 mi south of

Greenville.

p

a4 .5

(5.6) (1. 24)

0. 50 0 . 089

B

02345400 Elkins Creek

Lat 3258 '1 5", lon g 84 30' 56" ,

near Mol ena

Pi ke County , at county road,

3 mi south of Mol ena, and 1 mi

upstream from mouth.

p

101

(126)

(1. 25)

3. 6

. 029

B

02346400 Potato Cr eek near Piedmont

Lat 33 0 1 ' 10". l ong 8415 ' 33 ", Lamar County, at county road , a t Piedmont.

p

a96

(120)

(1.25)

2.6

02 1

B

02346500 Potato Creek

Lat 3254 '15", l ong 8421 ' 45 "",

near Thomas t on Upson Count y , on right bank 300

ft downstream from St ate Highway

74, 600 ft downstream from Basin

Creek, 1, 000 ft downstream f r om

Cent ra l of Geo r gia Railway

bridge, 1 mi downst ream from

Ten Hile Creek , and 2 . 5 mi

northeast of Thomaston.

D

186

23 1

1. 24

11

.048

B

02347500 Flint River nea r Culloden

Lat 3243 ' 17" ' long 84 13 ' 57", Upson County, on left bank underneath bridge on U.S. Highway 19, 4 mi upstre am from Auchumpkee Creek, 5 mi downs tr eam from Swift Creek, 13 mi southwest of Culloden , and at mile 238 . 4.

D a1,850 2,300

1. 24

180

. 078

B

02348300 Patsiliga Creek Lat 3234 '20", long 84 05 ' 27",

at Reynolds

Taylor County, at State Highway

128, 1 mi north of Reynolds.

p

13 9

(2 15)

( 1. 55)

31

.14

c

02349000

Whitewater Creek below Rambulette Creek near Butler

I 02349300

I Shoal

Cr eek

at Tazewell

Lat 3228 ' 02 ", l ong 84 15 ' 59" , Taylor County, at bridge on
u.s. Highway 19 and 6.5 mi
south of Butler.
Lat 3222 ' 40", l ong 84.26 ' 46 '', Mar ion County , at St ate Highway 137, at Tazewell .

D

93 . 4 169

1. 81

11 0

p

a44

(72 .6) (1. 65)

30

.65

c

.41

c

0234 9600 Beaver Creek

La t 32 17' 48" , l ong 8401' 50 " ,

at I1ont ezuma

Macon County, at St a te Hig hwa y

26, at Mon t ezuma .

p

a39

(46.8) (1. 20)

16

34

c

02349900 Turkey Creek

Lat 32 11'44", long 8354 '03"'

at Byromville Dooly County , on downstream side

of bridge on St ate Highway 90,

0. 5 mi southwest of Byromville,

I 02349960 Little Penna-

and 11 mi upstream f rom mouth. Lat 3206 ' 58" , long 8351 '43",

D

a45

hatchee Cre ek Dooly Coun ty , at St a te Highway

near Lilly

90, 2 . 2 mi southeast of Lill y.

p

a24

49.0

1.08

(24 . 5

(1.02)

3.5

. 071

c

0

--

c

02350600 Kinchafoonee

Lat 3203 ' 09" , long 8432 ' 54 ",

Creek

l<lebster Co unty , near right bank

at Preston

on downstream s ide of bridge on

State Highway 41, 1 mi southwest

of Pres t on , and 1 mi upstream

from Harrel Mil l Creek .

D

197

216

1. 09

25

.12

c

a App r oximate l y .

5.3

Table 2.- Flow characteristics at selected sites on Georgi a streams -Continued
(Type of s t a tion : D, daily-discharge gaging s t at ion ; P, parti a l-record gaging stafion. Mean annual discharg.es: val ue s in parenth eses were estimated from pl a te 1. Low-flo w inde x: minimum 7-day flow hav ing a recurrence interval of 10 yea rs}

Mean annual discharge, adjusted
to period 1941-70

Low-flow index

Station number

Name

Location

Type

Drainage area (mi2)

Cubic feet per
second

Cubic feet per second per square
mile

Cubic Ratio feet pe r to
second mean

Region

Mobile River Basin--Continued

02380000 Ellijay River Lat 34"41 ' 06", long 84"28'40",

at Ellijay

Gilmer County , on left bank at

downstream side of bridge on

State Highway 5 a t Ellijay, 1 mi

upstream from conf l uence with

Ca rt ecay River .

D

a90

201

2.23

35

0.17

B

02380500 Coosawattee

Lat 34"40 ' 18", l ong 84"30'31",

River

Gilmer County, on right bank 0 . 5

near Ellijay

mi downstream f r om State Highway

5, 2 mi southwest of Ellijay,

and 2 . 2 mi downstream from con-

fluence of Cartecay and Ellijay

Rivers .

D

238

496

2. 10

120

. 24

B

02382000 Scarecorn Creek Lat 34"28'04" , long 84"35 ' 30",

at Hinton

Pickens County, on left bank 100

ft upst r eam from bridge on State

Highway 53, 0 . 2 mi west of Hin-

t on , 1 mi upstream from Dean ' s

!till, and 5 mi upstream from

mo uth.

D

21.1

26 . 7

1. 27

1.8

. 067

B

02383000 Rock Creek

Lat 34"21 ' 32", long 84"46 ' 46",

near Fairmount Bartow County, on right upstream

wingwall of culver t on State

Highway 140 , 2. 8 mi upstream

fr om mouth, and 7 mi southwest

of Fa irmount.

D

5.61

7.o

1. 23

. 40

.057

B

02383500 Coosawat tee

Lat 3434'37", long 84"51'35",

River

Gordon County, at downstream

at Pine Chapel edge of highway bridge at Pine

Chapel, 4 mi downstream from

Sallacoa Creek, 5 mi east of

Resaca, and 6 mi upstream from

confluence with Conasauga River . D

856 1,470

1. 71

275

.19

B

02384000

Conasa uga River near Tennga

La t 3500 ' 34", long 84"44 ' 02", Polk County, Tenn., at U. S. Hi ghway 411, 1. 5 mi north of Tennga .

p

10 8

(200)

( 1. 85)

25

.1 2

A

02385500 Mi ll Creek

Lat 34"47'18", l ong 84"58 ' 30",

at Da lton

Whitf i eld Co unt y, 1,000 ft up-

stream from city pumping plant,

and 1.5 mi upstream from South-

ern Railway bridge at Dalton.

D

38 . 4

67 . 5

1. 76

14

. 21

A

02385800 Holly Creek near Chatsworth

Lat 34"43 ' 00", long 84"46'12",

Murray County, on right bank

100 ft upstream from bridge on

county road, 3 mi upstream from

Rock Creek, and 3.3 mi south of

Chat sworth .

D

54 .9 109

1. 68

3. 3

. 030

B

02387000 Conasauga River Lat 34"40 ' 00", long 84"55 ' 42",

at Tilton

Murray County, on left bank

250 ft downstream from highway

bridge , 0 . 2 mi downstream from

Swamp Creek , 0 . 5 mi northeast

of Tilton , and 12 mi ups tream

from confluence with Coosawattee

River .

D

682 1' 170

1.72

89

. 076

A

02387600 Oothkalooga

Lat 34"29'44 " , long 84"57 ' 55" ,

Creek

Gordon County , at county road,

near Calhoun

1.2 mi south of Calhoun .

p

66.0 (82.5) (1. 25)

22

.27

A

a Approximately.

55

Table 2.- Flow characteristics at selected sites on Georgia streams - Continued
(Type .of station: D, daily-discharge gaging station; P, partial-record gaging station . Mean annual discharges: values in parentheses were estimated from plate 1. Low-flow index: minimum ?-day flow having a recurrence interval of 10 years)

Mean annual discharge, adjusted
to period 1941-70

Low-flow index

Station number

Name

Location

Type

Drainage area (mi2)

Cubic feet per
second

Cubic feet per second per square
mile

Cubic Ratio feet per to
second mean

Region

Mobile River Basin--Continued

02394900 Euharlee Creek Lat 3405'42", long 8459'28 '',

at

Bartow County, at county road,

Taylorsville

at Taylorsville.

p

a95

(114)

(1.20)

0.38 o. 33

A

02394950 Hills Creek

Lat 3404'27", long 8457'02",

near

Polk County, on left bank on

Taylorsville

downstream side of highway

bridge on county road, 2 mi

southeast of Taylorsville, and

2 mi upstream from mouth.

D

a26

27.2

1.05

1.2

.055

B

02395500 Dykes Creek

Lat 3415'31", long 8505'00",

near Rome

Floyd County, 0.5 mi upstream

from bridge on State Highway 20,

and 5 mi east of Rome.

p

14.8 (19.2) (1.30)

2.3

.12

A

02396300 Silver Creek

Lat 3410'38", long 8509'39",

near Lindale

Floyd County, at county road,

southeast of Lindale.

p

al7.9 (22.0) ( 1. 22)

7.3

33

A

02397500 Cedar Creek

Lat 3403'38", long 8518'41",

near Cedartown Polk County, on left bank 700 ft

downstream from bridge on State

Highway 161, 4.5 mi upstream

from Lake Creek, and 4.5 mi

northwest of Cedartown.

D

109

152

1.39

32

21

A

02397900 Cane Creek near Trion

Lat 3434'20", long 8518'24", Chattooga County, at county road 1.8 mi north of Trion.

p

a36

(67. 3) (1.87)

47

070

A

02398000 Chattooga River Lat 3428'03", long 8520'19",

at Summerville Chattooga County, on left bank

600 ft downstream from bridge

on U.S. Highway 27, 1 mi south-

east of Summerville, and 4 mi

upstream from Raccoon Creek.

D

193

347

1.79

63

.18

A

02411800 Little River

Lat 3347'51", long 8507'03",

near Buchanan Haralson County, on right bank

150 ft upstream from county

highway bridge, 4.3 mi east of

Buchanan, and 7 mi upstream

from mouth.

D

alB

27.5

1. 53

2.3

.084

B

02411900 Tallapoosa

Lat 3346'27", long 8518'00",

River

Haralson -County, at State Highway

at Tallapoosa 100, 2 mi south of Tallapoosa.

p

23 7

(344)

(1. 45)

17

.049

B

02413000 Little Talla- Lat 3335'50", long 8504'49",

poosa River

Carroll County, at city water-

at Carrollton pumping plant 200 ft downstream

from bridge on U.S. Highway 27

at Carrollton.

D

a89

141

1. 58

6.8

.048

B

02413200 Little Talla- Lat 3330'46", long 8514'03",

poosa River

Carroll County, at State Highway

near Bowdon

5, 2.2 mi southeast of Bowdon.

p

a210

(326)

(1. 55)

16

.049

B

Tennessee River Basin

03545000 Hiwassee River Lat 3454'17", long 83.42'01",

at Presley

Towns County, on left bank 0.1

mi downstream from Cynth Creek,

0.5 mi southeast of Presley, 1.4

mi upstream from Hightower

Creek, and at mile 133.9.

D

45.5 130

2.86

27

.21

B

a Approximately.

57

Table 3.- Draft-storage relations at selected gaging stations on Georgia streams

Number

Station Name

Savannah River Basin
02177000 Chat tooga River near Clayton
02178400 Tallulah River near Clayton
02 182000 Panther Creek nea r Toccoa

02188500 So uth Beaverdam Cr eek at Dewy Rose
02191200 Hudson River at Homer
02192000 Broad River near Bell

02 193500 Little River near Washington

02 197 600 Brushy Creek near Wrens

02198000 Brier Cr eek at Millhaven

Drain-
age area (mi2)

Recurrenee interval (years)

Sto rage required, in acre - feet per s quare mile , to maintain uni fo rm draft rat es , in cubic feet pe r second per square mile , indicated in column subhea ds (uncorrected for seepage or evaporation ) ; dash leaders indicate physical limitation of storage sites .
0.01 0 . 02 0 . 05 0 . 10 0 .1 5 0 . 20 0 . 30 0 .40 o. 50 o. 60 o. 70 0 . 80 1.0 l.l 1.5

Data for this s tation placed

end of table to facilita t e good definition of draft- storage relation .

I I I I L I I I I I I I I Data for this station placed nea r end

table to facilitate good definition of dra ft - storage re lation.

32 . 5

2

5

10

20

30

35 . 8

2

5

10

20

30

61.1

2

5

10

20

I

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

. 28 1. 2

. 15 1.3 5 . 3

. 77 3 . l 9. 2

0 1.3 6. 8 17 24

.001 1.3 2. 4

0 . 08
1.3 3. 5
s. 2

0 1. 0 4.0
8. 7 10

o. 22
3. 0 11 23 28

1.2 8. 7 l4 44 56

o. 95 5. 3 17

35

58

8 . 0 20

42

70

113

lO

41

70

109

162

37

62

99

152

207

46

76

11 6

169

239

0 35

0 . 39 . 91
1.9

0 .4 2 2. l 3. 8 5. 9

1. 9 8. 0 12 16

s. 9
48 52 54

8 . 0 29

36

91

70 15 3

106 213

121 257

22 147 151 153

l' 430 291

2

0

0

1. 6

7.8 22

41

67

5

0

2.1 12

47

89

lJ8

195

10

u

23 1.3

8. 8 23

58

106

174

56

20

. 12 1.2 4 . 4 19

38

73

136

22b

352

30

. 28 2. 2 &. 8 26

47

87

170

271

39 3

2

0

0

0 . 07 o. 93 4 . 7 l3

5

0

0

. 56 4 . 2 14

28

10

0

. 12 l. 2 8.6 22

37

20

. 08 . 42 2. 5 12

28

44

30

.33 . 91 3 . 6 15

34

49

35

66

10 2

139

61

94

127

198

69

106

160

27 9

80

130

236

91

160

27 4

28

2

5

10

20

30

646

2

5

10

20

30

0 0 0
.13 .60

0 0 0
.13 . 37
0 . 08 . 44
l. 5 3. 0

0 . 39 .80
2. 0 2. 9

l.l 5. 5 9. 4 12 14

6 . 2 25

19

98

31

143

35

216

42

24 1

0 . 52 s.o 16

34

2. 8 3l

76

119

7. 8 39

84

138

17

49

102

18 6

24

57

115

210

Ogeechee River Basin

02 200500 Ogeechee River

800

nea r Louis vill e

02202000 Ogeechee River at Scarboro

l ' 94 0

0202500 Ogeechee River near Eden

2' 650

02203000 Canoochee River

555

near Claxton

2

0

0

0 . 63 5 . 6 ll

16

30

5

0

. 29 1.7 l3

50

90

132

10

0

. 62 3 .1 15

51

97

156

20

. 04 . 98 4 . 1 16

5l

122

23 1

2

0

0 . 08 1. 0

9. 7 24

43

58

5

0

.82 5 . 0 24

61

106

189

10

.33 l . 6 lO

39

81

144

269

20

1.8 6 . 5 19

55

10 8

198

30

3 . 7 12

l7

66

126

240

2

0

0 . 31 2. 5 14

26

43

61

5

. OJ 1.8 7 . 3 28

63

108

192

10

.35 3. 9 l3

42

83

142

265

20

2 . 0 9.1 21

S8

107

193

30

3. 2 12

28

70

127

236

2

0 . 48 o. 33 1.7 7 . 6 15

24

5

. 33 1.05 5. 2 15

30

45

10

. 56 l . 2 9 . 2 22

39

53

20

l.l 3.8 14

33

51

n

30

1.4 5. 0 17

39

55

82

Altamaha River ~asin 02205000 Wildcat Creek
near Lawrenceville
022 05500 Pew Creek near Lawrenceville
0 22 06000 Shetley Cr eek near Norcross

l. 59

2

0

0

0

0 . 39 1.7 5.1 21

46

74

108

5

0

0

. 49 3.3 9.1 18

49

84

11 8

154

10

0

.1 9 1. 2 7 . 4 17

30

61

94

126'

167

20

. 10 .35 1.6 lO

22

39

72

l OS

139

20l

30

. 15 . 40 1.7 11

25

44

77

11 0

142

41

---- !I
-I

2. 23

2

5

10

20

o. 98

2

5

10

20

0

0 . 3 1 0 . 94 8.0 25

48

76

112

150

228

. 23 1.8 6 . 0 26

60

94

129

163

197

289

.4 8 J . 7 11

35

69

102

136

169

203

358

.71 5.4 14

42

74

108

146

184

233

451

0

0.12 o. 87 3. 0 ll

. 21 1.9 8.0 14

32

1. 5 7 .l 16

26

49

3.8 l3

24

36

63

26

47

77

114

153

57

9l

127

163

200

73

106

140

174

226

90

12 5

162

206

306

-- I

59

Table 3.- Draft-storage relations at selected gaging stations on Georgia streams -Continued

Number

Station Nar.1e

Altamaha River Basin
02225500 Ohoopee River near Reidsville

02226100 Penholoway Creek near Jesup

Drainage
area (m12)

Recu rrenee interval (years)

Storage required, in acr e-feet per square mile, to mainta i n uniform draft rates , in cub ic fee t per second per square mile, indicated in column subheads (uncorrected for seepage or evaporation); dash leaders indicate physical limitat i on of storage sites.

0 . 01 0 . 02 0 . 05 0. 10 0 .1 5 0 . 20

0 .30

0,40

0 , 50

o. 60

0 . 70

0.80

1.0

1.2

1. 5

1,110

2

0

0

0. 10 1. 9 2. 3 2. 7

3,6

5

0

0

. 48 6.8 16

31

63

10

0

0

1, 2 12

25

40

75

20

0

30

0

0

2. 9 17

36

53

102

. 02 4 . 7 23

43

67

104

I

2 10

2

o. 76 1.6 4.6 ll

18

25

40

5

1. 2 2. 5 6.8 15

24

33

60

10

1. 5 3 . 0 8 .1 17

28

40

74

20

1. 8 3 . 5 9.8 22

36

50

87

30

1.9 3. 9 ll

26

41

60

94

Sat illa River Basin

02226500 Satilla River

1,200

2

0

0

1.1 1.4 1. 7 2.2

4.2

near Waycross

5

0

34 4.0 13

29

44

76

10

. 002 . 83 5 . 5 17

32

47

10 1

20

. 28 1.7 8.3 22

37

67

154

02227000 Hurricane Creek

30

.60 2. 6 10

27

42

78

184

150

2

0.49 1. 2 4. 0 ll

20

30

54

I

nea r Alma

5

1.7 3. 5 10

28

46

60

89

10

2. 6 5. 6 17

40

60

77

108

20

3 . 4 7.4 23

49

78 ll O

188

30

3.6 8 .1 24

53 104 174

269

I

02227500 Little Satilla River

646

near Offe rman

2

0.38 1. 0 4. 2 ll

19

28

48

5

.99 2. 6 7.8 21

37

52

84

10

1.6 4.0 ll

26

41

57

103

20

2. 5 5 . 8 16

38

73 ll9

228

30

3. 2 7.2 19

62 148 198

02228000 Sa till a River at Atkinson

2, 790

2

0

0

0 . 67 5.3 ll

20

38

5

0

. 08 2. 4 ll

27

42

74

10

0

. 20 4 . 0 15

30

46

101

20

0

1.6 7.8 22

37

68

158

30

,37 2.4 10

30

46

81

188

St. ~tarys River Basin

022 28500 North Pr ong St . Mar ys

160

Ri ver at Maniac

2

0.27 o. 58 2.0 6. 7 13

20

36

5

1. 2 2. 5 7. 7 21

36

50

80

10

2.1 4. 2 13

28

43

58

ll O

20

3. 3 6 . 6 19

36

53

71

161

30

4. 3 8 . 6 23

45

66

99

189

Suwannee River Basin
02314500 Suwannee River at Fargo

1, 260

02316000 Alapaha River

663

near Alapaha

02317500 Alapaha River at Sta tenville

1,400

02318000 Little River

577

near Adel

02318500 Withlacoochee River nea r Quitman

1 ,480

02319000 Withlacoochee River near Pinetta, Fla.

2,120

2

0

0

0

1.6 5.2 12

29

5

.27 .83 4. 7 19

34

49

80

10

1.2 3.1 12

26

41

67

150

20

2. 5 6.0 19

36

57 102

219

30

3. 4 8 . 0 22

43

75 ll9

249

2

0.31 0 . 83 4 . 4 14

26

38

66

5

1.2 3. 3 ll

26

41

56

85

lO

1.9 4. 6 15

33

47

66

128

20

2.6 6 .1 20

40

54

90

187

30

3.1 7. 2 22

44

59 102

216

2

0

0.41 5. 9 14

23

48

5

0

2. 4 14

30

46

78

10

. 12 3 . 3 17

32

47

131

20

. 25 4.3 18

36

79

187

30

.42 5.1 22

48

92

216

2

0.12 o. 57 3. 8 l3

25

39

73

5

.so 2.0 9. 0 25

40

55

84

10

. 88 3 . 0 ll

30

46

68

14 0

20

1.6 4.4 16

38

55

95

204

30

2. 2 5.5 19

43

72 Ill

232

2

o.oz 0.4 1 3. 3 10

19

31

61

5

. 29 1.4 7. 5 19

34

52

83

10

.42 1.8 8, 6 21

36

53

ll 4

20

. 59 2.2 9.0 23

38

69

153

2

0

0

0

2.1 9. 3 20

46

5

0

0

.12 7.6 23

39

74

10

0

0

. 55 12

28

44

96

20

0

0

1.3- 17

80 187

30

0

0

2. 8 24 290 402

Oc hlockonee River Basin
02327500 Ochlo ckonee Rive r near Thomasville

550

2

0

0

0.8 1 6 . 0 14

20

45

5

0

.45 4. 2 14

29

45

79

10

.13 . 96 6.4 20

37

54

97

20

.47 1. 6 8. 0 22

48

68

129

30

.58 1. 7 10

32

55

83

149

61

Ta bl e 3. - Draft-s t ora ge r el a t ion s at s el ect ed ga ging st at ions o n Georg ia stre ams - Con t inued

Number

Station Name

Drainage
area (mi2)

Recurrenee interval (years)

Storage required, in acre- fee t per square mile, to maintain uniform draft rates, in cubic feet per second per square mile, indicated in column subheads (uncorrected for seepage or evaporation) ; dash leaders indicate physical limitation of storage sites.
0.01 0.02 o.os 0.10 0.15 0.20 0 . 30 0 .40 o. 50 o. 60 0 . 70 0 . 80 1.0 1. 2 1.5

Apalachicola River Basin

02347500 Fl int River near Culloden

1,850

2

0

0

0

0

0

0

1.9

8 . 6 19

38

64

96

5

0

0

0

0

52 2.1 10

30

50

84

135

200

10

0

0

0

22 1. 5 5 .l 19

42

67

110

183

266

20

0

0

0

. 86 4 . 4 10

28

54

90

146

231

358

30

0

0

0

1.7 6 . 8 14

34

61

104

182

286

407

02349000 Whitewater Creek below Data for this station placed near end of table to facilitate good definition of draft-storage relation. Rambulette Creek, near Butler

02349900 Turkey Cr eek at Byromville
02350600 Kinchafoonee Creek at Preston

45

2

0

0

0

0

0 . 82 5. 4 28

51

76

5

0

0

0

.48 4.2 16

50

84

118

10

0

0

0

1.4 8 . 0 23

56

96

ISO

20

0

0

.35 3 .4 14

32

66

13 1

215

197

2

0

0

0

0

0

0

0.66 4. 7 17

5

0

0

0

0

10

0

0

0

0

.10 75 8 . 5 23

51

.so 2. 3 13

34

69

20

0

0

0

.OS

.72 3.6

IS

42

77

30

0

0

0

. 18 .89 4 .1 16

43

104

-----

--
----

--
--
--

-- -- --

----

--

--
--

------

---
--

----
--

02353400 Pachitla Creek

188

near Edison

02353500 Ichawaynochaway Creek

620

at Hilford

02354500 Chickasawhatchee Creek 320 at Elmodel

02357000 Spring Creek

485

near Iron City

2

0

0

u

0

0

0

0

0 . 43 2.1 12

5

0

0

0

0

0

0

.84 6.4 17

53

10

0

0

0

0

0

0

3.4 16

40

79

20

0

0

0

0

0

.38 7. o 27

66

130

-- --

---

-
--

-- --

2

0

0

0

0

0

0

5

0

0

0

0

0

0

0 59

0.40 6.6 4 . 0 23

---

--
--

--
--

10

0

0

0

0

0

0

2.0 10

33

20

0

0

0

0

0

. 13 4.8 19

51

----

--
--

--
--

30

0

0

0

0

0

.27 6. 8 26

63

-- -

--

2

0

5

0

10

0

2

0

5

0

10

0

20

0

30

0

0 0
.14
0 0 0 0

0 .54
3.0
0 0
.54 2. 5

'10.30 3.6

14

26

0
2. 0
7.o
13

1.1 10 19 31

8. 4 33 42
4. 6 24 34 49

19 66 77
18 57 69 122

36 104 126
38 100 138 218

.17 3 . 8 18

37

59

143

262

- -- -- --

-- -- -- --

-

-- -- --

-- -- - --

-- -- -- --

----

----

--
--

---

-- -- -- --

- - --

---
--
--

--
------

----
-
--

-- -- --

--
--

----

----

-- -- --

-- -- --

---

----

--

--
--

----

--

-- -- --

---
--

------

---

-- -- --

---

---

--

-- -- --

-- -- --

-- -- --

---

----

----

----

------

----
--

-- -- --

-- -- --

Mobile River Basin 02379500 Cartecay River
near Ellijay
02380000 El lijay River at Ellijay
02380500 Coosawattee River near Ellijay
02382000 Scarecorn Creek at Hin ton
02383000 Rock Creek nea r Fairmount
02383500 Coosawat tee River at Pine Chapel
02385500 Mill Creek at Dalton
02385800 Holly Creek near Chatsworth

135

2

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

o. 76 8 . 2 30

94

5

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

58 4 . 0 27

74 273

10

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

.11 2. 1

8. 9 40 100 31 0

20

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1.7

7.3 18

56 122 425

30

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

.30 4 . 0 12

25

64 140 512

90

2

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0.48 1.6

6. 7 27

61 138

5

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

73 3. 4

9. 3 20

61 Ill 227

10

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1. 0

6.0 14

25

38

87 148 262

20

0

0

0

0

0

0

2 . 3 12

23

35

51

67

112 186 293

238

2

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0 .67 2 . 0 16

44 120

5

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1.1

5. 1 14

49 128 307

10

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

. 54 2 . 8 10

23

61 143 372

20

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1. 7

6.6 16

28

68 177 528

30

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

2. 7 10

19

30

72 234 634

21.1

2

0

0

0

0

0

0.34 2. 8 12.3 25

40

61

88

5

0

0

0

0

.68 1.9

9 . 2 21

56

97

137

178

10

0

0

0

.41 2 .0 4 . 3 14

26

60

101

147

207

20

0

0

0

73 2.2 5 . 4 16

30

63

108

170

268

-- -- --

--
-

---

----

-- -- --

5.61

2

0

0

0

0

0 ,4 0 2 . 0 14

33

58

92

131

170

5

0

0

0

. 30 1.8 6 . 8 26

56

93

129

164

211

10

0

0

0

66 2.6 8 .1 30

61

97

133

168

237

20

0

0

.10 79 3 .4 B. 9 33

67

104

145

195

286

30

0

0

. 22 .89 3. 7 9 . 6 36

70

108

152

215

325

---

----

-
--

-- -- -

---

---

---

856

2

0

0

0

0

0

0

5

0

0

0

0

0

0

10

0

0

0

0

0

0

0 0 0

0.3

2. 0

7. a 19

1.2

7.0 20

38

2 . 9 12

29

52

34

76 136

71

164 267

88

177 290

---

20

0

0

0

0

0

0

. 65 6 . 0 20

39

62

101

206 374

-

30

0

0

0

0

0

.20 1.2 10

27

46

70

106

233 460

--

38.4

2

0

0

0

0

0

0

5

0

0

0

0

0

0

0 0

0

1. 4 10

56 7 . 4 26

25

43

88 165

62

104

189 282

---

10

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

.86 13

41

77

118

205 321

--

20

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1.1 22

51

92

132

219 354

-

69.9

2

0

0

0

o. 57 2.0 5. 1 19

36

59

81

106

134

194 248

5

0

0

.OS 1.0 3. 8 8 . 3 25

51

82

118

152

188

264 361

---

10

0

0

28 2 . 0 4 . 8 10

28

58

96

135

173

215

290 432

--

20

0

0

.60 2. 2 5. 8 II

30

65

109

152

194

237

326 516

--

63

Table 3.- Draft-storage relations at selected gaging stations on Georgia streams -Continued

Numbe r

Station
~lame

Drain-
age a rea (mi2)

Recur renee interval (years)

Storage requi r ed , in acre - fee t per sq uare square mile, indicated in column subheads
physical limitation of storage sites.

mile , to maintain uniform dra ft rates, in (uncorrected for seepage or evaporation);

cubic feet per second dash leaders indicate

pe r

o. so

o. 60

o. 70

0.80

1.0

1. 1

1. 2

1.4

1. 5

1.6

1. 7

2.0

Savannah River Basin 02177000 Chattooga River
near Clayton
02178400 Tallulah River near Clayton

NOTE : Oat a for these stations pl aced here to facilitate good definition of draft -st orage relatio ns .

207

2

0

5

0

0 0

0

0

. 28

1.4

0 . 31 8. 8

0 . 69 1 2 . 2 10

16

26

60

10

0

. 62

2.0

6.3

26

20

. 30

1.9

9.2

20

51

I ~~

54 88

96" 149

30

1.4

7. 2

19

32

63

88

113

181

17

27

38

87

78

100

125

295

119

147

177

362

16tl

181

196

429

2 14

253

295

592

56 . 5

2

0

5

0

10

0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0

o. 15

1. 0

7. 9

13

. 67

1.4

3 . 8 17

26

1. 3

2. 7

6.5 24

41

22

32

66

43

98

264

63

11 6

279

20

0

0

0

0

' 1.8

4. 3

9 . 9 33

61

90

141

299

Apalachicola River Basin

02331000 Chattahoochee River

IS O

near Leaf

2

0

5

0

0 0

0
. so

0 2. 2

1.8

4. 5

10

38

17

30

46

110

47

56

77

162

214

265

--
--

10

0

.28

2. 0

8. 2

34

20

0

2. 4

8. 0

20

54

30

.02

4. 5

13

31

69

54

78

146

78

lOS

183

91

118

214

195

244

303

254

307

409

318

423

537

---

02 33 1600 Chattahoochee River

3 15

2

0

near Cornelia

5

0

10

0

20

0

30

0

0

0

0

o. 21

1.0

6 . 0 17 . 6

25

32 . 1

--

--

0 . 10

. 37

. 93

3.3

9. 0

56

16 1

. 64

1.2

s. 7

14

62

167

214

266

219

271

--
-

---

. 24

76

1.3

7.1

18

66

170

225

273

--

--

. 30

. 80

1. 3

7. 4

20

68

172

228

275

--

--

02333500 Chesta t ee River near Dah l onega

!53

2

0

0

0

1. 0

7. 4

15

28

59

88

117

--

--

5

0

97

4. 1

11

10

96

3.4

10

25

20

3. 6

9. 5

20

36

30

6. 1

15

28

45

42

62

87

158

219

271

-

--

69

93

124

198

258

315

--

--

86

115

148

225

342

461

--

--

95

12]

159

323

452

566

-

--

02349000 Whitewater Creek below

93 . 4

2

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0 . 57

12

--

--

--

Rambulette Creek, near Butler

5

0

10

0

20

0

30

0

0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0
(J
0 0

0 0 0 0

0 20 .32 . 38

. 32 25 1. 1 32 1.6 41
1.7 so

14 3
----

-----

--
----

--
---
--

Hobile River Basin 02389000 Etowah River
near Dawsonvill e
02390000 Amicalo l a Creek nea r Dawsonvi l le
Tennessee River Basin 03545000 Hiwassee River
at Presley
03558000 Toccoa River near Dial
03560000 Fightingtown Creek at McCaysville

103

2

0

0

0

0

o. 94

3. 0

7 . 7 25

37

62

--

5

0

10

0

0

.1 8

1. 8

16

.26

3. 4

8. 3

32

29
so

47

54

76

126

128

19 1

173

254

--
-

--
--

20

0

2. 5

10

20

55

78

110

139

261

412

--

--

30

. 60

5. 4

16

31

73

98

131

190

363

515

--

--

84.7

2

0

5

0

10

0

20

0

0

0

0

6. 1

14

23

52

74

101

126

--

0

. 67

2. 1

16

27

43

85

133

192

243

-

0

1. 2

3. 4

21

32

so

99

147

207

303

-

.1 4

2. 0

4. 2

22

34

54

108

18 1

274

398

--

45 . 5

2

0

0

0

0 . 13

5. 0

11

17

41

57

75

101

141

5

0

0

. 87

4. 1

20

35

49

90

112

140

185

352

10

0

. 34

3. 0

9. 8

33

52

69

117

144

176

218

377

20

0

2. 0

8. 0

18

48

71

91

147

179

211

255

422

30

. 26

4. 7

12

24

59

81

10 7

164

199

230

269

5 18

177

2

0

5

0

10

0

20

0

30

0

0

0

0

1. 5

4. 5

10

17

47

61

-

-

0

0

2.0

IS

28

46

88

116

lSI

--

--

0

. 68

5. 1

30

48

71

120

152

19 0

--

--

0

2.0

11

43

65

88

146

177

213

--

--

.03

4. 0

17

52

76

100

159

190

351

-

--

70 . 9

2

0

5

0

10

0

20

0

30

0

0

0

0. 34

6. 0

14

25

59

78

97

--

--

0

. 86

4.0

23

37

56

109

159

212

--

--

.47

4. 0

10

39

58

80

135

184

235

--

--

1. 6

7. 4

18

55

74

96

148

195

244

--

--

2. 0

9. 4

24

60

80

103

153

203

252

--

--

65

U N I T E 0 S T A T E S 0 E P A R T M E N T 0 F T H E I IN T E R I 0 R G EOLO G I C AL S URV EY
34
33

Prepared in c oop e r a tion with the G EO RGIA D EP ARTM E NT OF NATU R AL R ES OURCES
E NVIRONM E NTAL PROTECT I O N D I V I S I O N

WATER RESOURCES INVE ST IGATI O N S 82-557 OPE N-FILE R EPORT PLATE 1

35

EXPLANATION

D

AREA OF DRAINAGE BASIN- For site 2187, Apalachee River near Bethlehem

--1.4--
- -A- -

LINE OF EQUAL MEAN ANNUAL RUNOFF, 1941-70 - Interval 0 . 1 below 1.4, 0 . 2 above
1.4 cubic feet per seco nd per square mile
REGIONAL BOUNDARY AND DESIGNATION

CONT INUOUS -RECORD GAGING STATION AND IDENTIFICATION NUMBER

k918

PARTIAL-RECORD GAGING STATION AND IDENTIFICATION NUMBER- Low flow
N o te: The first two digits o f the eight digit gag i ngstation identification n u m ber have been omitt e d . The digit s omitted were '02', except for g a ging s t a tions 1n the Tennessee River basin, where the digits were '03'. The final two digits were omitted i f they were bot h zero. Final digits other th a n ze ro a re shown fo ll owing a de ci m a l poi n t. Refer to table 2 tor full e ight d igit numb e r.
EXA MPL ES

02191200-191 2 0 35667 00- 5667 02197 53 0 - 1975.3 03 550766 - 55 0 7 .66

33

32

31

3 1

85
Base from U.S . Geologic a l S urvey S t a te base m ap , 1: 1,00 0 ,000

84

83

8 2

0

1 0

20

30

40

50

60 MI LES

I

I I I

I

I

I I I

I I I

I I

I I

0

1 0 20 30 4 0 50 60 70 80 90 KILOMETERS

8 1

MAP OF GEORGIA SHOWING AVERAGE ANNUAL RUNOFF, DRAFT-STORAGE REGIONS, AND LOCATION OF GAGING STATIONS.