Report of the Georgia Illiteracy Commission to the General Assembly of the state of Georgia for the year ending December 31, 1920 [1920]

REPORT
OF THE
'GEORGIA ILLITERACY COMMISSION
TO THE
GENERAL ASSEMBLY , . .; ~
OF THE
.STATE OF GEORGIA
,.
FOR THE
Year Ending December 31, 1920

REPORT
OF THE
G'. EORGIA ILLITERACY
COMMISSION
TO THE
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
OF THE
STATE OF GEORGIA
FOR THE
Year Ending December 31, 1920
~' ..tI

GEORGIA ILLITERA.CY COllIMISSION.

",
FINAL REPORT OF THE GEORGIA ILLITERACY
COMMISSION.
In AUgUst, 1919, the General Assembly passed an Act creating an Illiteracy Commission and giving to this body the unexpended funds previously appropriated to the State Council of Defense, in amount $14,369.48. The Governor signed the Bill August 18, 1919, and appointed the following as members of the Commission in accordance with the law:
C. J. Haden, W. C. Vereen, Kyle T. Alfriend, H. H. Elders, A. J. Fleming, R. W. Weaver, Mrs. S. B. C. Morgan, Mrs, Rogers Winter. Governor Hugh M. Dorsey, Ex-officio, Supt. M. L. Brittain, Ex-officio.
On September 10, 1919, the Commission met and organized by electing Governor Hugh M. Dorsey, President; C. J. Haden, Vice-President; Mrs. Rogers Winter, Treasurer; M. L. Brittain, Secretary and Director of the work. The State School Superintendent was also asked tQ prepare a Lesson Book suitable for grown-up men and women, since the ordinary Primers were not adapted to immature children ofsix or seven years of age.
NEED.
Although for several years past the public school system has cut down the illiteracy to a marked degree, since the first census after the Civil War showed 27% white and nearly 100% negro illiteracy. Step by step the improvement shown by the Federal Census or ten year periods is as follows:
1

Percent. in 1870 Per cent. in 1880 Per cent. in 1890 Per cent. in 1900 Per cent. in 1910 Per cent. in 1920

White Illiterates.
. 27.4% . 23. . 16. . 11.9 . 7. . 5.5

Negro Illiterates.
92.1% 81. 67. 52. 36. 29.

Several good men and women have organized private classes to teach these of our people who were deprived of early educational advantages. The most systematic and thorough attempt was that by Judge Frank Park now a Member of Congress from the 2nd District. After the conviction in his court of an illiterate young man for arson, he urged and financed a summer school in Worth County for illiterate men in which a number were enrolled and taught.
The most famous movement of this kind, however, originated in Kentucky under the direction of Mrs. 'Cora Wilson Stewart, who was at that time Superintendent of the Rowan County Schools in that State: These classes of hers were taught under the name of "Moonlight" Schools and her success won for her National reputation. Immediately after the results were published, the Georgia State Department of Education asked for funds to try the same work in this State. They were not given, at first, however, and the State Superintendent, through the Supervisors, Miss C. S. Parrish, F. E. Land, M. L. Duggan, J. O. Martin and George D. Godard, planned an experiment to show the feasibility of the work in five counties, Houston, Newton, T'attnall, Tift and Worth.
Fairly good results were secured, in Tattnall County particularly, through the enthusiasm ~nd devotion of County Superintendent 1. S. Smith. Here the best work in the State-and as generally understood the next best to Mrs. Stewart's in Keutucky-'-was accomplished; Picture No.1 shows a class in that County under the direction of Prof;J. M. Harvey, of Glennville. One or two of the individuals in this group taught to sign checks for the first time in their lives possessed property to the amount of $40,000 or $50,000.
With these facts demonstra.ted and due particularly to the

2

eloquent advocacy of Judge W. A. Covington, the Bill introduced by Hon. H. H. Elders in the Senate and Hon. Kyle T. Alfriend in the House became a part of the Georgia Law. According to the census of 1910 there were white illiterates in Georgia to the amount of 81,078 and negro illiterates to the amount of 308,639. These were counted from ten years and upwards in accordance with the custom of the United States Census authorities. However. there were many thousand grown-up people who were illiterate and a dozen counties re-
Youngest and Oldet't Taught in Butts County.
ported one-fifth of their men unable to read the ballots they cast.
The seriousness of the task before the Commission, of course, required a much greater sum of money than the $14,369.48 appropriated to prosecute the work with anything like thoroughness in the 155 counties of the State. Accordingly efforts were
3

set on foot to supplement these funds and several hundred dollars were secured by Messrs. C. J. Haden and W. J. Vereen from various philanthropic individuals. Muchmore was needed, however, and the various Boards of Education and County Commissioners were urged by the representatives of the State Department of Education to meet the State half way at least in providing for their local classes and teachers. In this way, though the funds were never reported to the State Treasurer of the Commission, more than three times the sum granted by the Legislature was raised and expended in different sections of Georgia for the work. No member of the Commission, of course, received payment for services and the following Organizers were the only employes paid by the State:
. Mrs. Elizabeth Moore, Metter, Ga. Miss Mattie Tyus, Milner, Ga. Mrs. Jessie Wilson, Sylvester, Ga. Miss C. B. Kate Banks, Milledgeville, Ga. Miss Lula Edwards, Oxfordj Ga. .Miss Lillie Thompson Glennville, Ga. Miss Nelle Ault, Helena, Ga.
And for the colored classes Lydia Thornton, Columbus, Ga.
All of these Organizers were teachers who had shown their ability and achieved success in this special line of work. Half the salary and expenses 01 the teacher for colored classes was genously paid by the General Education Board of New York.
In addition to these whose salaries and expenses were paid from Illiteracy funds, we had much appreciated help from Miss Enri Belle Bolton, Miss Caro Lane, Miss Sus~n Myrick arid Miss Lurline Parker, of the Extension Department of the Georgia. Normal & Industrial College and Miss McAlpin and Miss Susan Mathews, of the State College of AgriCUlture, were also just as effective. In fact, it was the plan of the State Department of Education to organize the field forces thoroughly and to endeavor to reach through an active campaign every county and every city Board of Education in the State. It is a pleasure to state that more than 90% gave actual cooperation. The work began in the Fall of 1919. The funds were husbanded econo-
4.

This' pie-ture makes an eloquent appeal to every Georgian who loves his State. It shows one of the largest and best evening classes for grown-ups. It was taught by Prof. J. M. Harvey at Glennville in Tattnall County, under Supervisor 1. S. Smith.
mically and made to go as far as possible. Even the Lesson Book was published at cost by the Byrd Printing Company6c per copy. When the end of our resources had been reached at the close of the year 1920, the results show that more than 140 counties had been effectively reached. Less than 10% of the Boards and Superintendents were apathetic or fearful for political reasons to undertake the work, for it must be understood that through the worst educational law on the Georgia statute books, the County Superintendents are elected every four years by the people. In spite of the thorough systematic campaign projected and carried out, therefore, by the State Superintendent of Schools as Field Director, the work was stifled in ten or fifteen cOlmties, and conducted with Ii"ttle enthusiasm by the local authorities in some others. The State School Supervisors, Messrs. M. L. Duggan, J. O. Martin, George D. Godard, I. S. Sniith and Walter B. Hill, aided conspicuously at evet'y point. They, and the Organizers who devoted their whole time to it; maintained their enthusiasm -throughout the entire campaign. r.rhe Supervisors did not conduct an institute nor address a single assembly without emphasizing and calling attention to this patriotic work.
The final results shown, county by county, are as follows: By counties, the classes formed, numbers enrolled and those taught to read and write, are as follows:
5

COUNTIES

"0 ...,

'"en ;:':":;

en
~ '"
5

.0..
rF.qI

~
::l
~
8

00
ZZ

0
Z

Appling ------._- 1 15 15

Atkinson -------- 15

38

Bacon ----------- 25 168 6P.

Baker ----------- 12 104 III

Baldwin --------- 18 162 37

Banks ------.---- 20 50

Barrow ---------- 2 24

BBeanrtoHwill--_-_-_-_-_-__-_-_-

18 13

307 100

254 78

Berrien --------- 14 106 46 Bibb ----------- 28 1300 66fi Bleckley ----0---- ]7 339 4S

Brooks ---------- 3 9

Bryan -----_._--- 11 64 8

Bulloch ---------- 25 507 213 Burke 54 900 420 ______ 0 ___ -

Butts ----------- 8 85 79 Calhoun --------- 21 174 46 Camden ------.-- 28 408 92

Campbell -------- 26 345 165

Candler ---------

400 310

Carroll ---------- ' 76 996 607

Catoosa --------Charlton -------- 2 40 10

Chatham -------- 39 661 75

ahattahoochee __ 0 12 152 88

Chattooga ------- 21 100

Cherokee -------- 5 50 40

Clarke __ 0 ________

4 159

6

Clay ------------ 3 51 5

Clayton -------

4 16 6

Clinch -----_._--- 9 86 52

Cobb ------------ 10 204 Coffee ---------- 53 492 279, Colquitt --------- 8 494 2'91 Columbia -------- 48 330 165

Cook ------------ 25 99 60

Ooweta ---------- 8 234 234 Crawford -------- 30 431 431

Crisp -----_._--- 34 120 30

Dade -----------Daws'on --------- 2 7 2
Decatur ---_._--- 1 15 8

DeKalb --------- ]2 121 65
Dodge ---------- 23 2'88 159 Dooly ----------- 12 201 55
Dougherty ------- 3 64 37

Douglas -------- 34 407 407

Early - ... --------- 42 908 496 Echols ---------- 3 16 8 Effingham ------- 27 117 25

6

COUNTIES

~

"0
;:':":;

...,
..<:l

~
~
5

.0..
rF.qI

bD ::l
~
8

000
ZZZ

Elbert ---------- 19 80 77

Emanuel -------- 33 1059 258

Evans ----------- 9 66 13

Fannin ----------

285 87

Fayette --------- 13 75 34

Floyd ----------- 5

Forsyth --------- 6 30 6

Franklin -------- 7 55 27

Fulton ---------- 26 929 632

Gilmer ---------- 9 210 50

Glascock -------- 8 135 119

Glynn ----------- 4 100 75

Gordon ---------- 2

35

Grady ----------- 12 84 2

Greene ---------- 18 468 458 Gwinnett -------- 45 450 300

Habersham ------ 6 50 20

Hall ------------ 58 593 255

Hancock --------

250 175

Haralson -------- 31 194 70

Harris ---------- 1 37 37

Hart ------------

192 27

Heard ---------- 21 278 117

Henry ----------- 9 264 264

Houston -------- 1 12

Irwin ----------Jackson --------- 8 213 ]99

Jasper ---------- 9 97

Jeff Davis ------ 15 153

Jefferson -------- 39 253 250

Jenkins' --------- 10 66 49

Johnson --------- 14 127 27

Jones ----------- 4 48 7

Laurens --------- 14 515 100

Lee ------------- 25 300 50

Liberty .--------- 5 45

Lincoln --------- 23 207 11!1

Lowndes -------- 12 77

Lumpkin -------- 28 242 ]03

Macon ---------- 42 496 496

Madison ---------

Marion --------- 16 202 6
McDuffie -------- 28 322 134

McIntosh -_ .. ---- I 150

Meriwether ------ 12 465 465

Miller ---------- 10 138 49

Milton ---------- 7 102 35

Mitchell --------- 9 173 M'onroe --------- 2 176 1

Montgomery ----- 25 41 20

Morgan --------- 7 45 30

COUNTIES

~ "0

-0)
'" ... ''o""j

0)
~

5

1"1 ~

...,
tb
p
oj
E-t

o00

Z ZZ

M~u=r- ra-y- _- __,_-_" _- __.__-2~0 109 85

1fusc9gee

51 1035 638

Newton
~onee

27 260 30 5 36 10

,/Oglethorpe ,/ Paulding

13 35 11 6 50 10

P~ckens
Plerce
Pike

. _~"':. 33 214 95 . c.___ 18 104 12
20 1320 407

Polk

'-_______ 30 240 315

Pulaski' Putnam

21

136

2 50 6

Quitman Rabun

5 100 25 40 155 33

Randolph Richmond

23 296 145

8

202

Rockdale Schley

10 76 21 18 172 150

Screven Spalding

, 30 423 255 43 711 387

Stephens Stewart

" 15 96 59 6 59 22

Sumter Talbot

38 405 176 17 17 5

Taliaferro

6 71 3

Tattnall Taylor

. 26 145 100 9 187' 45

Telfair __ .

31 160 500

--------r-
,,.'
~
.,e01JNTIES

&'"
~
0

"0 0)
~...
1"1 ~

...,
~p
oj
E-l

_______--'z...:.o_...:.~ ~

Terrell Thomas Tift
Toombs Towns Treutlen

_

307 101

'-

_ _

55 3

115 20

82

_ 16 152

_

300 190

_

Troup

12 84 52

Turner

13 115 35

T~~ggs

9 145 70

Union

16 318 61

Upson

.

2 25

VValker

.___ 15 46 15

VValton

4 7iO 12

VVare

_ 7 42 20

VVarren

6 56 6

VVashington

34 854 555

VVayne VVebster

_ 44 340 245

VVheeler

. __ 32 250 80

VVhite _-'-----____ 2 20 17

VVhitfieid VVilcox
VVilkes

20 60

597

255 492

38 722 413

VVilkinson . VVorth

19 12

428 30

153 14

Totals

2607 35137 17982

The figures show the most successful campaign for illiteracy

work ever projected and carried out so far as known by any

State in any one year. This is true because our educational

machinery was placed behind the task and none of the State

educational forces ever faltered for a day in enthusiasm or in-

terest. They gave the Organizers their full co-operation and

not only so, but planned to secure them an adequate entrance

for their work in each section. In the larger cities of the State

the first effort and even the second were failures. Some of the

leading citizens stated that while it might be done in rural

sections, it could not be carried on with success in large cities

like Atlanta or Savannah. Changes were made, however, in pla~s and. local forces and financial success was attained in

urhan communities as well as in the country. Some of the

largest and finest classes taught were in cities like Atlanta,

Macon and Columbus. It is doubtful if Georgia ever under-

7

took a work that gave more of real happiness and good to some of her neglected people. Photographs of some of the first lessons received by members of these classes of grown-ups are shown in this report. Workers in other states have sent con-' gratulations for the wonderful showing made and to anyone acquainted with the difficulty of organizing work of this kind it is a wonderful showing to present this Report to you of 2607 classes organized, 35,137 enrolled and 17,982 taught to read their Bibles and the newspaper and to have some knowledge of figures.
It was a misfortune that the General Assembly of 1920 adjourned in the confusion of the closing day leaving the appropriation for this work as well as to the different colleges of the State in the mass of unfinished legislation. Naturally the State-wide nature of the work has had to stop and it has only been carried on since that time in a few places, notably in Macon under Mr. Eugene Anderson, where local funds are provided.
METHODS OF ORGANIZATION.
At the first meeting of the educational authorities and all citizens interested, the Organizers explained the purpose of the plan and frequently demonstrate the teaching of a lesson. The next step was to secure teachers to organize the classes and to train them and to secure necessary funds. At first the mistake was made of asking for volunteers. A great many volunteered, but this was found to be of little value. As a matter of fact, nine-tenths of the work, it was found, must be done with the regular teachers, the volunteer teachers not being dependable and not very enthusiastic for longer than one or two lessons. The State Superintendent, therefore, at this point desires to pay tribute to the teaching force of the State as the real workers who accomplished this task so well.
After this preliminary organization, the second step was to secure the names and addresses of the illiterates in the town or county. It was soon found that the Clerk of the Court, Tax Collector, Tax Receiver and Bank Cashier could gi ve most informa. tion. Curiously it developed later that any illiterate could help still more and that one illiterate generally knew all others in the community.
8

The third step was to decide upon a' suitable place for the class. Usually this resulted in a room in a public school building, since seats and blackboards were available. Two or three afternoons or two or three nights in the week were found to be best rather than to attempt the lessons on each day.
.The fourth step required more tact and common sense than any of the others. It was to secure the promise of the illIterate .to attend. Individual effort waS found necessary, for the white people at least, in nearly. every case. Pencil, tablet and a copy of the Lesson Book for grown-ups were given to each one.

METHODS OF TEACHING.
It was found that interest is most quickly secured by teaching the illiterate to write his own name. From this starting point the lessons are most interesting if combined in the effort to teach reading, writiIlg and simple figures. Where the active interest of the Superilltendents and Boards were secured and . reports were made regularly each month, the work proceeded without halting. The following was the form of the report secured through post card:

.

REPORT OF ILLITERACY WORK IN CITY OR COUNTY.

Name of County

.,.

_

WHITE

Total Number Classes to Date~_________ Total Number En!olled

to Date________ Tot3tl Number Taught to Read alid Wri~('

to Date

_

Total Number Classes to Date__________ Total Number Enrolled

to Date________ Total Number Taught to Read and Write

. to Date

_

Superintendent or Organizer. This Report should. be forwarded on the 1st of each month.

9

FINANCI.AL STATEMENT OF THE GEORGIA STATE ILLITERACY COMMISSION

September, 1919-1921

RECEIPTS

Amount appropriated from State Treasury

$14,369.48

Received by the Commission from individual donors___________ 1,635.80

Received from sale of Less'on Books

1,482.81

Received from interest

28.43

$17,516.52

DISBURSEMENTS

Amount paid for salaries and expenses of Field

Workers

- __ - - __ - - - - - __$12,301.30

Paid for Illiteracy work in Savannah________________ 100.00

Paid for Illiteracy work in Carroll Co.

.:.. __ 100.00

Paid for Illiteracy work in Heard Co._______________ 50.00

Paid for salary of Office Secretary__________________ 468.00

P.aid for Lesson Books

3,920.83

Paid for expenses of Board Members

Paid for Bond of Treasurer

Paid for stamps

..

.

92.39

10.00

48.01

Paid for office supplies, stationery, etc.______________ Paid for check returned to Miss Emma Perry
Paid for exchange .10, check returned $1.50__________ Paid W. M. Holsenbeck

246.60 12.00
1.60 40.00

- - - - 17,390.71

1921 May 1, Balance __ ..

..

May-Paid for printing Illiteracy pamphlets Balance on hand

$ 125.79 . 110.00 $ 15.79

This is to certify that I have this day audited the ac-

counts of the Georgia State Illiteracy Oommission and find all funds properly accounted for as per statement attached.

This 11th day of May, 1921.

Tom Wisdom.

State School Auditor.

In conclusion, let me repeat that we have done no finer work than in helping these unfortunates. Within the hour this sentence is written a petition from 104 has been transmitted to the writer through Supt. G. G. Bond requesting that a class be formed for them and for financial aid for its maintenance. The

10

answer had to be made that the State had temporarily at least given up the work, though of course urgent .request was sent' to this particular community to care for it. Pathetic incidents have occurred; one ,Supervisor reported that over one hundred . negroes in a church in one of our counties knelt and gave thanks to God for those who had brought them this opportunity in their old age. .
The lessons in the Lesson Book follow as a supplement to this Report.
Respectfully subll}.itted,
f7/Y;, J!.. ~~
State Superintendent of Schools.
11 .[, \
\

him at home but talked with his wife who informed me to this effect:
"We have done hearn all about yo an Knowwhat yo bisiness is but I kin tell you now hit won't do you no bit 0' good to talk to me nul' me ole man nuther for I done hearn him say that you had as well be savin' yo breath to cool yo mush with as to be talkin' to him and as fer me I wouldn't go nairy step if hit wuz rat thaI' at the end uv the lane. "
Another man who had been asked the second time to join our class remarked that if somebody did not mind their own business he would knock their block (meaning head) off if they said anything more to him. about learning to. read and write. He later became one of our most interested pupils.
One .of our pupils, a man about fifty-five years old, was in cne of our towns one day when Mr. N. said to him,
"Well, Mr. W. you should be here now to attend our night school. We have a fine one here now. "
Mr. W. replied, "Well, you haven't got a thing on us, for we have one at our school and I have been going to it. If you do not believe me just look here where I wrote my name."
Mr. N. looked and saw the man's name written upon the wall of his garage and could not think that Mr~ W. himself had written it. He said, "I do not know that you wrote that for I did not see you do it."
Mr. W. said, "I will just write it again then while you see
that I do it myself." Turning to the wall, he wrote his name again.
That same day Mr. W. went into the bank and when handed a check, wrote his name upon it instead of making his mark, as had been his custom. The cashier looked up in surprise and said,
"Mr. W. why have you not been doing this all the time?" His reply was, "I have just learned to do this since I have been attending the classes for grown people.'"
Wa have enrolled people from nineteen to seventy-three
years old in our classes. They all seem to be very much interested when once they know that they can really learn to read Bnd write.
MARY E. WHITE, County Organizer, Wayne County.
14

'l'HE FOLLOWING ARE SPECIMENS OF' WORK DONE AFTER A FEW LESSONS.

16

17

LESSONS
IN
READING-WRITING ARITHMETIC
FOR-
SPECIAL SCHOOL WORK IN GEORGIA
PREPARED BY
M. L. BRITTAIN, Secretary Georgia Illiteracy Commission
ATLANTA, GA. 1920

FOREWORD

A Personal Message From the'State Superintendent of Schools

These lessons are prepared to aid those who have unfortu-

'nately missed their opportunity for education in early life. To

)'OU who are to use it I appeal as a friend and fellow citizen to take

advantage of the opportunity for removing- what I am sure you

realize has ahvav8 heena misfortune. It is no disgrace not to

know how to read and write. Some men and women for various

reasons did not have a chance to learn. but I am sure you realize

that it is unfortunate and an increasing- source of mortification to

family and friends. If you will take advantag-e of the help now

given, you will find more of joy and usefulness to yourself and

to your State. Learn how to write and to solve problems in arith-

metic in order to better protect your interests in business life. I

want you to be able to read the newspapers and the Bible at

least, in order to find out for yourself, without being dependent

npon others, the truths needed for your happiness in this life as

well as the one to come.

.

'-

Sincerely,

LESSON I

READING

I

and

read

book

can

the .

WrIte

Can you read?

I can write.

.I can read.

Read the book

I can read and write.

JRITING

ARITHMETIC
0123456789 Count the numbers from 1 to 10.
I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X.
Count the Roman numerals from I to X .

.How many marks are// / marks and / / / / marks? How many are 3 and 4? How many are three and four?

81 2

.3
8 \+

7

4

65

Add the number in the center to each number on the outside of the circle.

II

LESSON II

READING

John

teach

a

Smith

you

me

John Smith can read.

Can you teach me?

I can read a book.

Can you read the book?

John Smith can write.

WRITING

ARITHMETIC

Count the numbers from 1 to 20.
W rite the numbers from 1 to 20. Count the numbers from 20 to SO. W rite the numbers from 20 to SO. Learn these Roman numerals: I, V, X, L. Learn the Roman numerals for 15, 20, 30,

40 and 45.

8~3
~4 65

8~3
~4 65

Add the number in the center to each

one around the circle, as for instance
+ 2 1=3, + 2 2=4, etc.

4

LESSON III

READING

Review the words learned in the previous lesson.

Lea.rn the following:

IS

name

to

my

Bible

My name is-----I can write my name. Can you read the book? I can read the Bible. I can write to you.

WRITING

ARITHMETIC
Review the counting work already done. Count by tens from 10 to 100.
W rite the numbers by hundreds from
100 to 1,000.
W rite the numbers by thousands from
1,000 to 9,000.
5

LESSON IV

READING

Review the words learned in the previ-

ous lessons.

Learn the following:

paper

comes

lives

Mary

town

from

in

Jones

Can you read the paper? Mary Jones lives in town. The paper comes from town. Mary Jones can read.
I can read the paper.
WRITING

ARITHMETIC

2 8'2 8 41+ 3

07

4

8 5+ 3

7

4

0'28 6+ 3

7

4

65

65

65

Add the number in the center to each one around the circle.

We have been having number work in addition. When we take one number from another and find what number is left we call it subtraction. The sign of subtraction is called minus and this is the way it is made.

9-1=8 9-2=7 9-3=6

9-4=5 9-5=4 9-6=3

9-7=2 9-8=1 9-9=0

89 1 2 3

Subtract the numbers on the

8 9- outside of the circle from the

7 6 5 4 number in the center.

LESSON V

READING

Review the words learned in the previous lessons.
Learn the following:

at home

go church

we

sing

do

I can read at home. We read the Bible and sing

I go to church.

I can sing and read.

Do you go to church?

WRITING

ARITHMETIC

Add these columns both upward and

downward. In this way you can prove

your work.

3

5

8

9

7

4

4

2

3

5

5

6

5

4

8

6

7

6

2

3

Subtract:

9

12

16

13

18

7

8

7

5

6

Subtract:

45

58

76

89

83

12

23

34

16

71

LESSON VI

READING

Revie,v.

Learn the following:

farmer

corn

cotton

crop

has

sell

bales

good

The farmer has corn to sell. He has cotton to sell. The cotton sells for 30c a lb. I have ten bales at home.
The cotton crop is good.

WRITING

ARITHMETIC

Add the following:

46

28

75

49

65

37

53

18

36

27

Subtract:

20

50

65

83

92

10

31

46

45

26

How many halves make one whole ~ How many thirds make one whole ~ How many fourths make one whole ~
14+14=~

LESSON VII

READIKG

Review. I.earn the following:

like bad road not

it

hurt

will team

wagon want

I like a good road. A bad road is not good. It will hurt my team. It will hurt my wagon and team. We want a good road to school.

school

WRITING

Jkdckot$ om C/~Mad.
;%~evpud~

ARITHJ.liETIC .\

Add:

165

178

684

587

489

148

235

371

324

453

Subtract:

812

922

925

728

900

675

784

786

599

699

Learn: Thirty days has September, April, June and November. The other months have thirty-one; Except :H'ebruary alone, Which has but twenty-eight in fine Till leap year gives it twenty-nine. The other months are January, March, May, July, ..L. \.ugust, October and December.

J-JESSON VIII

READING

Review. Learn the following:

acre

boy

plows

plants

fine

land

club

deep

seed

The boy has an acre of land. He is one of the Corn Club boys. He plows the land deep. He plants good seed corn. He has a fine 'crop.

WRITING

ARITHMETIC

1. The farmer has 16 acres in corn, 19 acres in cotton, and 14 acres in oats. How many acres has he in cultivation?
2. If I have 642 acres of land and sell 329 acres, how many have I left?

Learn to multiply by 2 as follows:

2 X 1= 2 2X 2= 4 2 X 3= 6 2X 4= 8 2 X 5=10

2 X 6= 12 2 X 7=14 2 X 8= 16 2 X 9=18 2 X 10=20

10

LESSON IX

READiNG

Review. Learn the following:

tomatoes girls

their fathers

gave some

Kate has t of an acre in tomatoes. The school girls have a Tomato Club. Their fathers gave some land. The crop was good. The crop of the Tomato Club is large.

lVRITING

large

ARITHMETIC

If you sell tomatoes for $3.65 and corn for

$4.40, how much is obtained from the sale?

Add: $5.45 1.25 3.15

$9.35 2.13 4.40

$3.35 4.40 6.35

$8.25 6.75 8.55

$7.42 6.53 8.54

Subtract:
$3.75 2.25

$4.50 2.35

$6.75 4.40

$9.55 6.25

$7.42 6.33

If I have $5.40 and spend $2.50, how much have I left'l Learn to multiply by 3 :

3 X 1= 3 3 X 2= 6 3 X 3= 9 3 X 4=12 3 X 5=15

3 X 6=18 3 X 7=21 3 X 8=24 3 X 9=27 3 X 10=30

11

LESSON X

READING

Review. Learn the following:

house clean

neat

well

keep

eat

The school house is clean. The house is neat and clean. Keep clean and you will keep well. We must eat clean food. We have clean hands when we eat.

WRITING

food hands

ARITHMETIC
Learn this table:
2 pt. = 1 qt. 8 qt. = 1 pk. 4 pk.= 1 bu.
How, many pt. in 2 qt. , How many pt. in 2 pk. 7 How many pt. in 2 bu.7 How much are 2 bu. of strawberries worth at 10c a pt. Learn the following table:
4X 1= 4 4X 2= 8 4: X 3=12 4 X 4=16 4 X 5=20 4 X 6=24 4 X 7=28 4 X 8-32 4 X 9=36 4X 10=40
12

LESSON XI
READING
I have good cows. It is hard to make poor stock fat. A Duroc-Jersey eatsno more than a scrub piv. A good breed of chickens is best. They make more money for the farm. I shall make a silo for feed.
'WRITING

ARITHMETIC

Learn this table:
2 pt. = 1 qt. 4 qt. = 1 gal.
How many pt. of milk in 1 gal. ~ How many qt. of milk in 2 gal. ~ How many pt. in 4 gal. ~ What will 3 gal. of milk be worth at 10c a pt. ~

Learn the following tables

5 X 1= 5 5 X 2=10 5 X 3=15 5 X 4=20 5 X 5=25 5 X 6=30 5 X 7=35 5 X 8=40 5 X 9=45 5 X 10=50

6 X 1= 6 6 X 2=12 6 X 3=18 6 X 4=24 6 X 5=30 6 X 6=36 6 X 7=42
. 6 X 8=48
6 X 9=54 6 X 10=60

13

LESSON XII
READING
Jesus, Lover of My Soul
Jesus, lover of my soul, Let me to Thy bosom fly; While the nearer waters roll, While the tempest still is high; Hide me, 0, my Savior, hide, Till the storm of life is past; Safe into the Haven guide, 0, receive my soul at last.
WRITING

ARITHMETIC

Learn this table: 12 in. = ft. 3 ft. =lyd.
1760 yd. = 1 mi.
How many in. in 3 ft. ~ How many ft. in 4 yds. ~
What is the value of 6 yds. of cloth at 35c a yd ~
Learn these tables~

7 X 1= 7 7 X 2-14
7 X 3=21 7 X 4=28 7 X 5=35 7 X 6=42 7 X 7=49 7 X 8=56 7 X 9.=63
7 X 10=70

8X 1= 8 8 X 2=16 8 X 3=24 8 X 4=32 8 X 5=40 8 X 6=48 8 X 7=56 8 X 8=64 8 X 9=72 8 X 10=80

LESSON XIII
READING
The Ten Commandments
~. Thou shalt have no other God before me. 2. Before no idol bend the knee. 3. Take not the name of God in vain.
4, Dare not the Sabbath day profane. 5. Give to thy parents honor due. 6. Take heed that thou no murder do. 7. Abstain from word and deed unclean.
8. Restrain thy hand from stealing mean. 9. False witness do not bear nor love it. 10. What is thy neighbors' do not covet.
WRITING

Learn this table:

ARITHMETIC
16 oz. =1 lb. 2000 lb. = 1 ton.

How many oz. in 5 Ibs.' How many lb. in 2 tons 7
What is the value of a 5eO-lb. bale of cotton at 30c a lb. , it worth at 40c'
Learn these tables:

What

9X 1= 9 9 X 2=18 9 X 3=27 9 X 4=36 9 X 5=45 9 X 6=54 9 X 7=63 9 X 8=72 9 X 9=81 9 X 10=90

10 X 1= 10 10 X 2= 20 10 X 3= 30 10 X 4= 40 10 X 5= 50 10 X 6= 60 10 X 7= 70 10 X 8= 80 10 X 9= 90 10 X 10=100
15

LESSON. XIV

READING

Psalm XXIII

The Lord is my shepherd; I shall not want.

He maketh me to lie down in green pastures: He leadeth me beside

the still waters.

He restoreth my soul: He leadeth me in the paths of rig-hteous-

ness for His name's sake.

Yea, though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I

will fear no evil: for Thou art with me; Thy rod and Thy

staff they comfort me.

.

Thou preparest a table before me in the presence of mine enemies:

Thou anoinest my head with oil; my cup runneth over.

Surely goodness and mercy shall follow me all the days of my life:

and I will dwell in the house of the Lord forever.

WRITING

ARITHMETIC

Multiply the following:

25

35

44

65

88

10

20

32

43

74

What is the value of 325 acres of land at $80 an acre?
What is the value of a 550-lb. bale of cotton at 34c a lb.?
16

LESSON XV
READING
I believe that the Demon of Strong Drink is the foe of God and man; that it ruins men alike for happiness on earth and blessedness in Heaven; and that two-thirds of all pauperism, crime, woe on earth may be traced to him as its father; that he was born of Satan, and the depraved appetites of men, and inflicts only suffering upon his victim; that under his rule, reason is crucified, love dies, and conscience is buried; that man descends into hell, even on earth, and has no resurrection for his manhood. nor redemption for his enslaved soul, but in the power of God; that no drunkard can enter into the Kingdom of God or abide His presence who shall come to judge the living and the dead.
WRITING

Learn this table:
3--;-..3= 1 6-;.-3= 2 9-;.-3= 3 12 --;-.. 3 = 4 15 --;-.. 3 = 5

ARITHMETIC
18 --;-.. 3 = 6 21--;-.. 3 = 7 24-;.-3= 8 27 --;-.. 3 = 9 30 --;-.. 3 -10

Arrange the 4 and 5 tables in the same way. If a farm of 650 acres is divided among 5 people, how many acres will each have?
What is 1Mof 1728?
17

LESSON XVI
READING
My Creed
I am a citizen of Georgia and the United States, a great commonwealth of the world's greatest land. It is my duty to make an honest living and my right to be healthy and happy. It is my privilege to help others also to secure these benefits. I will work and play fair. I will be polite always to old people and kind to the unfortunate and to my little brethren of the field and of the air. To the best of my ability, I expect to make Georgia a clean, beautiful, and law-abiding State, for this is the best service I may render to the land that has given me birth.
WRITING
ARITHMETIC
Learn this table:
6-+-6= 1 12 -+- 6 = 2 IS-+- 6= 3 24-+- 6= 4 30-+- 6= 5 36-+- 6= 6 42-+-6= 7 48-+-6= 8 54-+- 6= 9 60 -+- 6= 10
Arrange the 7 and S tables the same way. How many eights in 62561 What will 30 eggs cost at 40c a dozen f From $136.00 take $13.63.
18

LESSON XVII

READING
My Health Creed

I believe my body and good health are sacred. If I am sick, it

will very probably be because I have violated some one or more of

Nature's laws. I will study the laws of health and will obey them for my own

sake.

.

I will not wet my fingers in my mouth when turning the leaves

of books.

I will not put pencils in my mouth nor wet them with my lips.

I will not put pins or money in my mouth.

I will use my mouth for eating good, plain food, drinking pure

water and milk, and for saying good and kind words.

I will always chew my food thoroughly, and never drink whiskey

or wine.

I will not cough or sneeze without turning my face or holding

a handkerchief before my mouth. Polite people never cough in

public if they can prevent it.

I will keep my face, hands and finger nails as clean as possible.

I will not spit on floors, stairways or sidewalks, and will try

not to spit at all; ladies and gentlemen try to avoid this bad habit.

I will wash my mouth every morning on getting up and at night

on going to bed, and will use a tooth brush.

I will be clean in body, clean in mind, and avoid all habits that

may give offense to others.

I will get all the fresh air I can and will open wide my windows

when I go to bed.

-From Talks on Health for Georgia Schools.

WRITING

t k CiJ?J~/IJW/JV/tdI

~

umkO/{jod

ARITHMETIC

Learn Table 9 in division. Arrange 10 in the same way. Learn this table:

60 sec. = 1 min.

7 days = 1 week

60 min. = 1 hr.

4 weeks= 1 mo.

24 hr. = 1 day

12 mo. =.l year

A boy earns $40.00 a month, how much does he earn in a yearY

How many days from March 12 to April 20 ~

How many days in January, February and March

19

LESSON:XVIII
READING
GRATITUDE
The Ant and the Dove
An ant went to the bank of a river to drink and, having accidently fallen into the stream, was on the point of being drowned.
A dove sitting on a tree overhanging the water, pulled off a leaf and dropped it into the water near the little insect. The ant climbed on this and, floating in safety,came to the bank. , Soon afterwards a hunter saw the dove and crept forward carefully, endeavoring to get close enough to shoot. The ant, perceiving his design, bit him on the ankle so sharply that he cried out in pain and, upon this, the dove flew away and escaped.
-Aesop.
WRITING

ARITHMETIC

Solve the following examples: 8432 -.;- 5

3579 -.;- 21

5923 -.;- 7

4589 -.;- 42

6837 -.;- 8

8372 -.;- 65

4193 -.;- 9

3764 -.;- 29

4691-.;-10

9212 -.;- 91

How many yards in 345 ft. ? A bu. of corn. weighs 56 Ibs., what is the weight of a pk. of corn?

~(\

LESSON XIX
READING
Beatitudes
Blessed are the poor in spirit: for their's is the kingdom of heaven.
Blessed are they that mourn: for they shall be comforted. Blessed are the meek: for they shall inherit the earth. Blessed are they which do hunger and thirst after righteousness: for they shall be filled. Blessed are the merciful: for they shall obtain mercy. Blessed are the pure in heart: for they shall see God. Blessed are the peacemakers: for they shall be called the children of God. Blessed are they which are persecuted for righteousness: for their's is the kingdom of heaven. Blessed are ye, when men shall revile you, and persecute you, and shall say all manner of evil against you falsely, for my sake.
WRITING
rm~ ~~ ~!r~ lo
Ifbwed qf Jmud :kv
f!(})~mv~

~~

ARITHMETIC

Make out thE' following account:

Mr. Robert Thomson.

Tifton, Georgia, January 3, 1916.

Bought of Charles Edmonds

$

e

. 1915

Dec.

10

19

10 lb. Coffee 50 lb. Sugar 2 lb. Tl'.a 28 lb. Butter

@ 35c @ 5c @ 65e @ 32e

January 15, 1916,

Received payment, Charles Edmonds, by George Smith.
21

LESSON XX

READING

My State

,

lowe oy State pride in its beauty, its extent, its progress.

lowe my State love of its history and it traditions, and obedi-

ence to its laws.

lowe my State a patriot's heart, a citizen's interest and 'indus-

try, a family's health and happiness.

And lowe my state one kindly, helpful, tolerant, honest, hard-

working, law-honoring human being.

My State owes me protection of life and property.

A sound elementary education.

An honest government in which I can place my trust.

Reliable public servants.

Preservation of the great natural resources of my land.

Wise expenditure of public funds.

A ju~t system of taxation.

Opportunity to live and work and grow with high ideals of truth,

and justice.

WRITING--CHECK FORM

0a1Yl/ ATLANTA.GA

If? t91h-No.--L-

.#

280 days of work @ sa
12 sacks of fertilizer @ $6 Seed cotton and com 2 bu. of seed potatoes 2 sows @ $10 10 chickens @ SOC. 1 cow
Total Recelpta

S

8 bales of cotton $150

$

8,000 lb. of cotton seed .

@$90perton

300 bu. of com @ $1.80

30 doz. e~s @ 60c

80 lb. of ut.ter @ 450

15~gs@ $8 M"

._ Total ExpenseS.__..... Net Profit._. ..__

.\

A

a

B

b

C.

c

D

d

E

e

F

f

G

g

H

h.

I

.1 .

J

J

K

k

L

1

M

m

N

n

0

0

p

p

Q

q

R S

r s

.

T

t

U

u

V

v

W

w

X

x

y

y

z . , " - '

z

24