Regulations for the Medical Department and Hospital and Ambulance Corps of the State of Georgia

RE(;ULATlONS

FOR 'l'HE

MEDICAL DEPARTMENT

.-

AND

Hospital -and i\n1bulance Corps

OF TH~
r
STATE OF GEORGIA.

ATLANTA, GA.;
Goo. W. HARRISON , ST.\TE PRINTER.
The Franklin Printing and Publishing Co. 1894.

STATE OF GEORGIA, ADJUTANT-GENERAL'S OFFICE,
ATLANTA, November 19 , 1894. The regulations for the government of the Medical De-partment and the Hospital and Ambulance Corps of the ;S tate of Georgia, prepared by Colonel Napoleon G. Gewinner, Surgeon-General, Georgia Volunteers, are hereby approved and promulgated, .in accordance with the provisions of section XXIV of the Act of the General Assembly, approved D ecember 20, 1893, and will be strictly -observed by all concerned. By order of the Governor:
J NO. MclN'rosu KELL,
Adjutant-General.


MILITARY LAW
Pertaining to the Medical Department and Hospital and Ambulance Corps of the State of Georgia:
An Act to provide for the reorganization, th e discipline and the r e!.'ulation of th e Volunteer forces of this Stnte, and for other purposes con nected therewith.
SEc. II . Be it enacted by the au,ilw1ity ajo1esaid, That in tim e -of peace the aforesaid volunteer forces shall consist of not exceed ing seventy-two companies of infantry, white, and twenty com panies of infantry, colored ; twenty-four troops of cavalry, white, and one troop of cavalry, color ed; two batteries of artill e r~ , white, and one battery of artill ery, colo red; not exceeding six machine-gun platoon s, white; ct 1neclicctl depa1 t1nent, wh'ite; ct hospital nnd et1nb1tlnnce cmps, 'Wh'ite; and to e11ch reginwnt of infantry a nd cavnlry, white, which ma~r be organized as hereinafter provided , a signal corps and a band of mnsic; said Volunteer forces, fully armed and equipped, to be nllotted and npportionecl in such localiti e,; ot the Sta te as the interests of the service, in the discretion of th e Governor, may require; p1ovided, that the Gov ernor shall have power in case of war, invasion, insurrection , ri ot or im'minent cla" ger thereof, to increase the said furces and organize the sa me, as the exigencies of th e occasien may demand.
..:iEc. III. B e it enacted by the autho1ity ajonsaid, That the aforesaid Volunteer forces shall be organi zed and arranged by the Gov ern or into such regim en ts, Hnassigned battalions, una ss ign ed companies, sepa1ctte depet1't'Jnents ttncl co1ps, wit.h power to make such alterations in the organization a nd arrangement thereof, from time . to time, as he may deem necessary; p?ovided, that unassigned battali ons of in fa ntry and cavalry, white, now existing, or as may h ereafter be organized, shall be assigned to regiments whenever it is prn cticnble, in the judgment of the Gov-

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ernor, so to do ; p 1ovided f~wther, that in tim e of peace the num ber of regim ents of infan try , white, shall not exceed six, and the number of r egim ents of cavalry, white, shall not exceed two ;; p;ovided f w the1', that in such organi zati on and arrangement th e companies composing any regim ent shall be selected from the same general geographical section of the State, to the end that the territor y in which a r eg iment is located shall be di stin ct and separate; p1ovided .t~wthe1, that for the p Lnposes of thi s A ct, HS hereinbefore set fo1th, the Gov ernor shall be auth orized to tran s ~ fer , if n ecessa ry, companies to and fro m r egim ents and battalions. as t hey are n t)W organized ; provided fU?ther , that the infantry, color ed, sh all be organized into battalion s and unassigned com-panies.
SEc. XX. B e i t enacted by the autho1ity ajoTesaid, That th e medical de partm ent -herein before prov ided shall be known and designated as the Medical D epartment of t he Georl!,ia V olunteersand sh a ll co nsi st of one surgeon- general, with the rank of colone l, one assista nt surgeon-general, with th e rank of li eutenant-colonel, one m edi cal in spe ctor, with the rank of major, not . exceeding one surgeon, with the rank of captain, and one assistant surgeon , with the rank of fi!'st li eutennnt, to each regim ent,. an d not exceed in g one assistant surgeon, with the rank of fir st . lieu tenant, to each unassign ed battalion , and to each unassigned battery, which may be organi zed under the provisions of this Act; that all medical officers of the Georg ia Volunteers now holdin g co mm iss ions, and all oth er perso11s wh o may hereaft er be com- mi ssioned as medi cnl offi cers of th e G eorgia Volunteers, shall constitute a med ical stuff, uncl that th e said medical staff shall be und er th e di rection and control <f th e said .Mecl icul Dep a rtm ent.
SEc. XXI. B e it enacted by the antho1iiy ajo1esaid, Th at t he offi ce rs of th e ufor esaid Medicul D ep art ment shall be appointed ns follow s, t o wit: th e surgeon-general by the Gove rnor, th e ussistan t surgeon-general und th e medical inspector by the Governor, upon th e recom me nd ation of the surgeo n-gen e rul; th e surgeons nnd assistant s urgeons by th e Govern or, upon th e recom-. menclation of t he r Pspective commanders of organization s entitl ed to such med ical officers; Jnovided, that no person shall be eligible for ap pointm ent as Rurgeon -genera l, assistant surgeon-generul or medica1 in spector, w ])o is not at the tim e an offi cer of th e 1\feclical Department of th e Geor gia Volunteers.

Sgc. XXII. B e -it enacted by the auihmity aforesaid, That all -;persons nominated as medi cal officers of the volunteer forc es uf -thi s State shall, before b eing co mmi ssion ed, und ergo such examillation as to fitn ess as is n ow or may hereafter be prov ided for by a w; p1ovided, that all medi cal officers of the Georgia Voluntee rs n ow holdin g ccmmissions may be r ecommissioned as offi cers of the ,aforesaid Medica l :Jepartment wi thout e,_am inati on.
SEc. XXIII. Be it enacted by the autho1ity ajo1esaid, That all medical officen shall hold commissions during g ood. behavior, and .shall be subj ec t to the same regulations for the go,ernment of th e .aforesaid vo luntee r forces as all oth e r co mmi ssioned offi ce rs.
SEc. XX IV. B ed enacted by the autho1ity aj01esaid, That the .surgeon-general of th e Georgia Volunteera ;ball be attac hed to th e military stuff of th e Governor, and, und er his direc ti on, shall h av e .ge neral supervi sion and control of all m atters pertaining to th e Medical D epmtm en t o f the volunteer forces of th e State, and .sh all be charged with the administrative duties of th e Medi ca l Department; he shall have supervi sion and direction of the selection and distribution of all medical and hospital supplies, and shall ap prove or di aapp rove of all requi sit ions for suppl1es from all medica l officers; h e shall make, subj ec t to the approval of th e Govern or, such regul ations tor the gov e mm ent of th e Medical D e:]Jartment as be may dee m n ecessary; he is chief of hi s departm ent .and shall submit a nnually to the Govern or a report in writin g -of the M edical Department, a:Jd shall perform such other duti es as may be required of him by the Governor.
. S"c. XXV. B e it enacted by the cwJ.ho1ity ajonsriid, That as soo n after the passage of thi s Act as practicable. th e surg eon-general sh>Lll assign to p ermanent duty wi th th e various co mmands of the GRo rg ia Volunteers th e m edical office rs connected with such commands ; that th ese officers so assigned shall co ntinue to act as part of th e sta ff of the commanding officer of the organ izati on t o which they >Lre thus assigned; that hereafte r, in case of vacan cy, .an officer co mmission ed tu fill it shall in like mann er be assig-n ed ,and shall se n 'e as a part of th e staff of th e co mmandin g office r of the comma nd to which he is assig ned; that officers of the M ed ical Department may be detached and detailed for temporary duty by the surgeon-general should the interest of the Medic al Departmen t s o demand, but the detachment shall not continue beyond a reasonable period n or to th e detriment of the commands to which .such offi cers are p er manentl y ass ig ned.

SEc. XXVI. B e it enacted by the autlimity aforesaid, That th e h ospital and ambulance corp~ herein b efore provid ed shall be kn ow n and designated as th e H os pital and Ambulance Corps of th e Geo:rgia V olunteers, and sh all con sist of hospita l stewards, aeting hospital stew a rds and privutcs, and all n ece~sary sen iee in garri son, camp, or fi eld, in cluding ambulance ser vice, sh all be performed by the members thereof, who shall be r eg ulHrl y enli sted, for a period of two ye ars, under such r eg ulation s as may be prescribed by the Go vernor; that said H ospital and Ambulanc e Corps. sh all be perman ently attached to and be und er th e directi on and control of the Medical Departmen t of the Georgia Voluntee rs.
SEc. XXVII. B e it enacted by the antho1ity ajonsaid, That th e s urgeon -~eneral of the Georgia Volunteers shall h ave authority to appoint as man y h ospital steward s a~ , in hi s judgment, th e se rvice may r equire, but not exeeecJing two h ospital stewa rds t o each r egiment, an d not exceedin g one hospital steward to each nn as- sign ed battalion or battery, whi ch may be organ ized as aforesa id.
SEc. XX VIII. B e it enacted by the authority c\fmesaid, That n o person shall be appointed a hospital ste ward who is n ot a pract ical druggist, duly li cense d from th e State Board of Ph ar macy.
SEc. XXIX. B e it enrtcted by the authority etf"mesaid, Th at th e surgeon-general of the Georgia Volunteers is h ereby empowered to en list or cause t o be en listed as many priva tes of th e h ospi t;1l and am hulance corps, each to be over eigm een years of age, as t he se rvice may r equ ire, and to limit and fi x the 11u mber, and make such regulati ons for th eir gov ernm ent ns may be r.ecessary; and any enii sted man of the Geo 1p;ia Vol unteers shall be elig ibl e for transfer to the sa id hospital a nd a mbulance corps as a priYate; that pri vates of th e h ospital and ambulance co rps shall perform duty us wardmasters, cooks, nurses, and attendants in hospitals , and as litter bearers, and ambulance atte ndants in the field , an d such other duties as may by proper authority be r eq uired of th em, and these men shall have all the rights an d privileges of enlisted m en of th e afcwesaid volunteer forces .
SEc. XXX. . B e it enacted by the authority afonsaid, That p rivates of th e said hospi tal and ambulance corps may be detailed as acting hosp ital ste wards by the surgeon-gen eral when ever th e necess ities o f t he service require th e same. Actin g hospital stewards when Aducatecl in the duties of the position may be eli g ible for appointment as hospital stewards.

7 SEc. XXXI. Z:e it enacted by the autho?iiy ajo?esaid, T hat all general and special law s, and parts of such laws, in conflict with the purposes and term s of this Act be, and the same ar e, hereby re pealed. Approved December 20, 1893.
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REGULATIONS
F or the Govemment of the Medical D epa?t?nent and the Hospital cmd Ambttlance Corps of the State of Gemgia.
SU RGEON-GENERAL.
1. The Surgeon-General is charged with t he administration of the Medical Department und er th e direction of th e Gov ern or.
ASSISTANT UHGEON -GENERAL.
2. Th e A ssistant Surgeon-General shall n si t the SurgeonGeneral in th e admini tmti on of the Med ical Department, perfon11 suc h duties a ma y be a. signed him by th e Su rgeo n-G eneral , and in case of the absence, di sabil ity, resignation or deuth of th e Surgeor.-General perform the duties of hi s office during said abse nce, or disability, or in case of r e ignation or death, until hi successo r is appointed.
THE MEDICAL INSPECTOR.'
3. It shall be the du ty of the Med ical Inspector, when so ordered, to inspect medical suppli es, instruments, and surgical appliances in charge of the medical offi ce rs o f th e :Medical Department of the Georgia Volunteers.
4. H e shall require medical offi cers to furni sh him with a list, statin g the quantity, quali ty , co nditi on and description of nil drugs, in strume nts, su rgicRl dressin g,; Rnd appli ances in their charge, the prope rty of the Stat!l.
5. H e shall , wh en so ordered, inspect all armories used by organizations of t he Georgia Volunteers and report a to the ir sanitary con diti on and fitn ess for th e use and drillin g of troops.
6. H e hull inspect and report on the physical conditi on and adaptation to military servi ce of t roops a far as practicable.
7. H e shall in spect th e ambulance equipm ents and barnes attached to th e ~Ied ica l Departm e nt of th e Georgi a Vo lunteers.
8. H e shall speciall y exam ine the h ospital and am bulan ce corp s us t o their proficiency in ambulance and litter drill, and the method of g iving fir t aiel to th e sick and wounded.

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9. The Surgeon-General may order special m edical inspection s, if for th e interest of th e se rvi ce, at an y time.
10. The Medical Inspector shall make a report to the SurgeonGeneral on March 31st, Jun e 30th, September 30th and Decembe r 31st of each year, of all official duties performed by him .
EXA.MINA.TION OF CAN DIDATES.
11. Candidates for the position of Surgeon or Assi stant Surgeon ar e required to be regular graduates of med icine, and must pass a satisfactory examination in accordan ce with such regul ations as may f1om time to time be required by th e Governor.
12. The written examin ation shall embrace anatomy, physiology, snrgery, hyg iene, medi cal jurisprudence, chemistry, obstetrics, and gy nn ecology, materia medi ca and thcmpeutics, and practice of medicin e.
13. Cand idates for the po~iti on of surgeon must give e vid ence of a th oroug h knowledge of all military matters that it is necessary that a medi cal offi ce r should know.
14. Th e proceed ings of all board s of exam in ation must in all cases be referred to th e Stugco n-Geneml for review.
POWERS A.ND DUTIES OF MEDICAL OFFICERS.
15. A.n officer of th e l\Iedical Stuff cannot exercise command except in hi s own department; but by virtue of his commi ssion he may command _all enli sted men lil<e oth er commissioned officers.
Hi. Wh en atta ched to a post or co mmand he hnl l, like other commission ed offi cers, be subj ect to the author ity of th e commandin g officer, but shall r.ot bo called upon to perform any duty oth er th an th e regular duti es of hi s position or that of co urt-mnrtial.
17. A medical officer shall not be assign ed to a post or com mand in charge of any officer of inferi or runk, nor shall he be sub ject under any ci rcumstnn ce~: to th e orders of a n offi ce r infe1ior in rank.
18. A. med ical office r, charged with tho commission of an offence, shall not be placed in arrest until the court- marti al for his
t1ial co nv enes, if the .se1'tJice would be in convenienced tAer eby, unless
the charge is of a flagrant ch.a racte r. 19. An importa nt duty of a med ical offi cer is th e supervi sion
of th e hygien e of th e urmory, pos t or comma nd to whi ch he is at-

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tached, and the recommendation of such measures as he may deem

necessary to prevent or diminish disease among troops.

20. , He should examine and note (in th e medical history of the

command) as often as necessary the sanitary cnndition of all

buildings or tents, the drainnge, or sewerage, and the amount and

quality of the water supply, the clothing and the habits of the

men, and the character and cooking of the food. He shall make

a r eport to the commandi1\g officer, with such recommendations

ns be may consider necessary, and also trammit a copy to the

Surgeon-General.

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21. The sen ior medical officer shall alway s have the direction of

those under hi m in his department. H e shall have -the direction

of the hospital and th e members of the Hospital and Ambulance

Corps, and be responsible for the muster and pay-rolls of nil con-

nected with the Medical Department, attached to the command

to which he is nssigned.

22. Th e medical officer or officers assigned to a command shall

make, wh en requireO., a physical examination of all recruits for

that command and advise th e r ejection of a ll recruits physically

unfit for the duties of a soldi er. A record shall be kept of all

such examinations and forwarded to the Surgeon-General on or

before the last day of March, June, Septembet and Decem her

immediately following such examination.

23. A complete statement of the disbursements of all medical

supplies during the quarter, together with a medical history of the

command for the quarter, with the date and number of litter clrills
and in struction in the methods of giving first ~id to th e sick and

wounded, shall be fowarded to the Surgeon-General at the expira-

tion of each quarter ending March 31st, June 30th, September

30th, and December 31st, of each year.

24. In active service, daily sick reports shall be made to the

commanding officer.

25. The senior medical officer shall, at the completi on of fie ld

or camp service, account for all the supplies of every character in

his charge, in duplicate statem ents to be sent to the Surgeon-

General. Said statements shall be accurate and correct inven-

tories of all supplies on hand ready to be turned over to the officer

authorized to receive them.

26. At the close of an y tour of duty the senior medical officer

shall have all med ical stores, in struments, and prope;ty of the

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Medical Department, properly a nd safely packed so that they

may be kept In good condition for use in case of emergency.

27. R eq ui sition s for all medi cal supplies should be mad e by th e

senior medical officer and then fow arded to th e Surgeon -General.

28. A ll requisitions must be mD-de in duplicate, one to be re

tain ed in th e S urgeon-General's offi ce, the other to be forw a rded

by him to the Adjutant-General.

29. 'l'he Surgeon-General h as the power t o approve, modify, or

reject all requi sitions made by medical officer s for m edi cal s upplies ~ 30. Medical offioe~s shall r eport t o the S urgeon-General all

de fects observed in quality, qu a ntity, or packin g of medi cal sup-

plies, or in the material or construction of surgical instruments,

stating th e na me of seller or mak er.

31. Medi cal officers a re prohibited from using State medi cal

suppli es or instrume nts for any per sons other tha n members of th e

Georgia Volunteers.

32. Medical officers are responsible for all medical suppli es and

in st mm ents under their charge, a nd mu st see t hat th ey are kept

in good co ndition , and replaced at once if damaged or lost.

Wh e n public property becomes dam Eged (except by fair wear

and tear ) or otherwise un serviceable; wh en it bas been lost or

destroyed , or wh en there is a deficiency, th e office r accountable

fo1 it shall immediately report the cuse to th e Adjuta nt General,

through proper channels, clearly settinp; forth th e kind and

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umount of property dam aged, lost, destroyed or mi ssing, an d ask for a boatd of survey .
33. In case of emerge ncy, not admittin g of delay , where an impemtive demand exi sts for so me drug, instrument, or surgical appliance, the medical officer i n charge may purchase such article

or articles as may be necessary to meet the emergen cy, and send

dupli cate bill s to the Surgeon-General ; a statement of the cir-

cumstances requirin g the extraordinary purchase should always

accompany the bill.

34. The se nior in edical officer shall make all arrangem ents for

the care of the sick and wound ed, their transportation to h os pital,

etc.; b e shall makE>, subject t o the approval of th e commanding

officer, regulations for the government of the hospital and those

attached th e reto, provided that they are in conformity to the reg-

ulations of th e Medical D cpa1~tment.

35. Retii ed m edical offi cers, and medical officers who are not

assign ed to any particular command or duty, may be assigned to

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special tempornry duty on the recommendation of the S urgeon -
General; such se rvi ce, however, in the case of retired office r<, shu-11 be optional.
THE HOSPI'.rAL AND AMBULANC.E CORPS.
36. The Hospital and Ambulance Corps shall consist of h ospital stewards, actin g hoopital stewards and privates.
37. Hospital stewards and acting hospital stewards may reenlist at the expiration of their term of service or within sixty (60) days thereafter, on the written authority of th e surgeonGeneral, and shall b e assigned to th eir former position s.
38. An enlisted man of th e line of the Georgia Volunteers desiring to be transferred to the Hospital and Ambulance .Corps, application through. the regular chann el, duly approved by the Surgeon-General, shall be rnacle to the Adjutant-General, requesting his discharge for the purpose of enlisting in the Hospital and Ambulance Corps. Said discharge being granted, he shall then be enlisted as are other members of the Hospital and Ambulance Corps for the full term of two years from the clute of hi s disclutrge from the line.
In the case of applicants for th e position of hospital stewa rd or acting hospital steward, no warrant shall be issued by the SurgeonGeneral until the above regulation is co mplied with.
39. Men of intelli gence, industry, and of the best ch aracter,shoulcl alone be selected as privates in the H ospital and Ambulance Corps.
40. The senior med ical . office r in charge shall assign to the respective duties connected with hospital service, such as wardmasters, nurses, attendants, etc. , members of the Hospital and Ambulance Corps, who shrrll p erform all hospital service under th e supervisi;:m and direction of medical officers.
DUTIES OF HOSPITAL STEWAl~DS AND ACTING HOSPITAL STEWARDS.
41. U ncler the direction of the melical officer, h ospital ~te w ards and acting hospital stewards sh all look after and distribute hospital stores and suppli es; shall care for hospital property; sh all compoun d and administer medicines; sha ll super vise the preparati on and administration of food to the sick; shall maintain order al1flcliscipline in hospitals; shall prepare h ospital r eports and returns; shall supervise the duties of the members of the Hospital and Ambu-

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lan ce Corps; shall perform such other duties connected with their positions as may, b y proper authority, be required of them.
42. The senior medical officer shall select, when there are two or more hospital stewards present, the hospital steward who shall act as senior hospital ste ward, usually being governed by the dates of their warrants. Thi s, however, is not to deter the medical officer from selecting th e h osp ital steward whom he deems bes t suited for that position.
43.. The senior hospital steward is, under the medical officer in charge, responsible for the order and discipline of the patients and detachment of the hospital co rps, and the police of the bu il dings and grounds; he supervi ses the work of th e entire hospital establishment, and in the performance of his duty must exercise patience, gentleness, and at the same time firmn ess, in dealing with those und er him.
44. Be is respon sible for all public propetty pertaining to the Medical Depal'tment, and shall keep an accurate account of it, and of its place of distribution and condition.
45. He accompanies the m ed ical officer on his official round>, a nd carefully notes his in structions and orders and sees that th ey are executed.
~6. Be makes out or supe rvi sf s the making out of all reports, returns, r equi sition s, etc., and keeps or supervi ses the keeping of all books, records and correspondence pertaining to the h ospital.
47. When any case of illness 0r accident is reported at or brought t o tbe hospital, he immediately causes a medi cal officer to be informed, and pending his arrival takes such steps ns may appear to him to be necessary to meet the urgent requirements of the case.
48. When a patie nt is admitted to ho>pital or quarters, h e sees that his name, age a nd command is duly entered in the blotter !tn d that all cases excused from duty, discharged, transferred, or dead. are entered in the register of sick.
49. He inspects the wards, mess room and kitchens, at the appointed hours for meal s, and sees that the prescribed diets are se rved in a proper manner.
50. When a deatl\ occurs he reports it to the medical officer at once. Wh en men are to be discharged from the hospit>1.l ut the hour of surgeon's call, he will cause them to repurt to the medical , officer in c hhrge of that duty befo re they are turned over to the sick marchers.

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51. He will accompany through the h ospit al any office r authorized tv visit it.
52. H e will n ot )eave th e h ospitt\l without form ally placing the n ex t senior n on -commissioned officer, or a selected private present, in eharge of his duti es.
53. He will <muse all keys to b e labeled, and such as are n ot in eon stant use to be hung on a keyboard iri th e disp ensar y .
54. He visits eyer y p>nt of the hos pital after breakfast, a nd after th e patients h ave retired, and ascertain s th at eve rything is correct.
55. He is r esponsible for the m ethodi<>al arrangement of all d r ugs, etc., in the di spensar y, and for their economi cal use. That all drugs and medicines are prope rl y labeled, and in case of mixtures, not official , that not onl y th e name but also th e formula be placed on bottle for the g uidan ce of th e hospital stewa1d who may succeed him.
56. He is respon s1ble fo r th e sa fe tmd proper k eeping of all poisons, alcohol, whi sky, b randy or other spirituous li quo rs, und er lock and key, and he is responsible for the regularity and punctuality of all d etails in th e issue of m~Jdi cines, and th at each b ottl e or packet is C!trefully labeled with the name and command of the patient, the nature of the m edicin e, and th e directions for u se.
57. He will him self di spense. or super vise the di spen sing of all presc ription s. I f at till Y tim e h e is in doubt about a prescription, h e will , before dispen sin g it, refer to a medical officer for instructions.
58. He will di sp e nse no m edicine witho11t a prescription a nd will file all prescripti ons for inspection.
59. He is respon sibl e that th e stomach pump, hypodermi c and other syringes, and all other surgical instruments and appliances are in readin ess for in stant use.
60. All junior hospital ste ward s shall be under the com mand o( the senior hospital steward and shall assist him in the discharge of his duties.
MEMBERS OF THE HOSPITAL AND AMBULANCE CORPS.
61. Members oftbe Hospital a nd Ambulan ce Corps will wear the prescribed uniform at all tim es when present at th e post ; while on fatigue, they may wear th e fatigue dress ; while on duty in

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wards, dispensary, operating room, or kitche n, they may wear the white duck blouse.
62. Th e men will pay the utm os t attention to. personal cleanliness, each will bathe at least once weekly, his hair must be k ept short and his face shaved or beard neatly trimmed.
63. All public property in the possession of the m en must be kept in good order, and all missing or damaged articles must be accounted for.
64. l\f embers of the detachment will not at any time leave the hospital except by permission from proper authority, or in case of eri1ergency in the execution of duty.
65. J\llen on duty mu st treat patients with gentleness and consideration .
66. Th ey will at once report any breach of discipli ne on the part of a patient.
67. Ea ch non-commissioned officer and man will assist the othe r men_of th e detachment in learn ing everything pertaining to their duti es as sanitary soldi ers.
68. All non-commissioned officers and privates of the detachment will be present at all formations, unless speciall y excused.
69. No information regardin g th e condition or di sease of patients under treatment will be given to any one except those authorized , under the regul ations, to r eceive it.
70. Th" senior hospital steward will see that all men of the detachment and all patients in the hospital are always present or accounted for.
71. Officers and non~ commissioned officers are required to see that all orders and regulations are complied with.
72. A medi cal officer on activ e duty should always be attended, if in the field , by a member of the Hospital and Ambulan ce Corps, either mounted or on foot, tully equipped with all necessary instruments, drugs, and surgi cal dressings.
73. Wh en on active duty in the field, each member of the Hospital and Ambula.nce Corps shall carry on his person a canteen of water, a knife of approved pattern, and a simple package of dressin gs; every fourth man shall carry the reg ul ation handsack with its complement of surgical and medical supplies.
74. M omhers of the Hospital and Ambulan ce Corps shall be exempt fr om all military service except that connected with the Med.ical Departm ent.
75. Details from th e Hospital and Am buhm ce Corps may be

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made, when necessary, from t"he regiment or battalion to which they are assigned, and attached to a command, at post, or camp, or in the field, and while so attached shall be under the <rders of the senior medical officer of the command to which they are attached.
76. When on active detached service the senior medical officer shall have charge and supervision over them and keep the pny accounts.
77. The number of members of the Hospital and Ambulance Coq:~s to constitute a special detail will be determined by the Surgeon-General, who will also select the men to be detailed.
78. All details of members of the Hospital and Ambulance Corps shall be temporary, nnd when the service for which they were detailed is finished, they will be returned ~o the organization or post of duty to which they were originally assigned.
79. In warfare a member of the 'Hospital and Ambulance Corps is classed as a non-combatant, and as such is entitled to certain immunities denied to a combatant.
AMBULANCE.
80. The ambulance, its equipment and harness, shall be under the immediate charge and control of .the senior medical officer, and shall be used for no other purpose than the transportation of the sick and wounded, and of medical supplies, or to enable medical officers to give instruction in the duties <,f the ambulance service.
81. It shall be kept near the hospital if in post or camp, or in the rear of column if the CO)llmand is on the march, and well in the reur, out of immediate danger, if the command is in action.
82. When in active use, the ambulance and all connected therewith shall be in the immediate charge of an ambulance driver to be selected by the senior medical officer from the members of the Hospital and Ambulance Corps.
83. It shall be the duty of the _ambulaL)Cfl driver, under the direction of a medical officer, to care for the equipment, harness, and animals of the ambulance, and see that the ambulance and all that is connected with it is always ready for immediate service.
84. On the appli,;ation of the senior medical officer, the quartermastP,r's department, in the absen.~c of a regulation ambulance, shall make such temporary provision for an ambulance as may

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cs uffice fo r tl1 a im mediate purposes of active service, or giving in stru'ction in ambulan ce drill to th e H ospital and Ambulance Corps.
HOSPITALS AND THEIR MANAG-EII'rE:t\'T.
85. H ospitals are prov id ed fo r the care and treatment of th e s ick and wounded, and will be used onl y for that purpose.
8fi. N o portion shall be occupied as quarters, except for th e r eg ular hospital attendants in charge of th e sick.
87. Hospitals may be of three description s - general, p ost and field.
88. General hospitals are central depots for th e reception of the sick and wounded, and are und er th e exclu si ve con trol of the ~'[ edical Department. They are n ot attach ed to any command of t r oo ps.
89. Post h ospitals are. located at permanent military p osts a nd camps, under th e cha rge and supervision of the senior medical -officer.
90. Fi eld h ospi ta ls are temporary places of shelter for the care -of the sick and wounded whil e a body vf troops are in th e field.
91.. There may be al so hospital transports, hospital boats and cars or train s; th ese latter , when properl y ass igned as such, are -exclusively under the ch arge a nd direct ion o f th e Medical D epartm e nt.
92. A buildin g or t ent shall n ot. be erected or occ upi ed as a h ospital, until the opini on of a m edi cal officer has been obtained .as t o its suitablenBss, both as to site a nd arrangement.
93. When a hospital building is t o b e erected at a. permanent p ost or camp, the plan s a nd sp ecification s mu st first be approved by the Surgeon-General.
94. The se nior m edi cal officer is charged w ith th e management .a nd is responsibl e for th e condition of th e hospital, which is at all tim es open to the in spection of t he co mmandin g offi ce r or hi s duly .auth ori zed in spector .
95 T he senior m edi cal offi cer will assig n th e m em hers o f th e Hospital ancl Ambulan ce Corps t o their several duties co nnected with th e hospital. To each ward of a hospital there shall be one ward master, o ne g eneral attenda nt a nd m esse nger, and on e nurse to every four bed s.
The detail of hospital at tend ants on duty m ay be relieved on ce i n eight hours.

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96. The s.enjor medical oificer shall select a medical officer to act as" medical officer of the clay" to be on duty twenty-four honrs.
97. The med ical officer of the day, under the supervi sion of the se nior medical officer , shall have th e charge and management o f the hospital a11cl hospital details, and shall assign t h e patients. to wards and beds acco rdin g to convenience and the nature of" their complaints. He will visit them as often in the twenty-four hours as may be necessary for their pwper care and treatment.
1!8. A ssistants selected from junior medical officers may be assigned to the hospital under the direction of the "medical officer of the clay."
99 . The senior medical officer will be responsible for the care and preparation of the necessary h osp ital reports, registers and records , as well as all medical property which may be in the hosp ital build i ng, for the proper expe ndittl'l"e of medicines and hospital stores, and for the preparation of reqnisitions, returns and the muster and pay-rolls of the Hospital and Ambulance Corpsunder his supervision .
100. He will require a proper performance of duty on the part of medical officers and hospital attendants, :wd shall enforceproper sanitary regulations and discipline generally. H e will prepare nnd forward to the command ing officer a daily report of" the side nnd wounded admitted to the hospital or under treatme nt. in its ward s, with any other m a tter worthy of note.
101. A duplicate of each daily hospital report shall be en tered in t he h ospital r ecord for transmission to the Surgeon -Gen eral.
102. Medical officers in charge of hospital property at military posts or camps, or in the fie ld, w ill not permit it to be used for othe r th!\n h ospital purposes.
103. Patients will, if possible, leave their arms and aecout rements with their co mpanies. In n o event shall ammun ition be tak en into the h ospital.
104. A meteorological daily record-giving temperature, barometer, direction of wind, rainfall, etc.-shall be k ept at the hospital aiJd entered in the dai ly medical report; the record sball bekept by the sen ior hospital steward on a blan k form authorized for th is purpose.
105. At " Surgeon's Call " the sick ot the companies shall be co nducted to th e hospital by a non-commissi oned officer. Th e"medical office r of th e day," or one of his assi stants, shall exam in e lhe sick, and if in his judgment they should be adm itted to the-

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h ospital , he will so certify in a company sick repo rt book in ch arge of the non -commiss ioned officer wh o acc ompani ed tl1em .
106. Patients whose ailments ar e n ot of sufficient gr avity for h ospital treatment w ill b e sen t to quarters with a recommendation that they be excused from duty for a spec ified tim e.
107. E xcept under ex traordinary circu mstanceti, pri vat e soldiers n:ust al wRys be treated at th e h ospital, not in q uarters, and n o surgeon shall v isit m en sick in quarters who are ab le to go to the hospital.
108. Pati en ts will g ive prompt obedi ence to the hospital steward , nurses, etc., in al l law ful comm and s.
109. An y infraction s of disciplin e, di sob edi ence of orders, drunk enn ess, or disorderly co nduct, will be promptly p uni shed.
110. Durin g the officia l (mornin g and eve;1 in g) visits of th e medi cal officer ever y pati ent must be in hi s ward .
111. P atients who are able will ri se when th e m edi cal office r e nters t he ward and w ill remain standing at the foot of thei r beds un ti l prescribed f01 or otherwise ordered. Othe r pati en ts will cease all occupation.
112. N o patient will be allowed to enter t h e surgeon's office, di spensar y or other rooms of t he hospital unless on busin ess.
11 3. r..ounging about th e hall s is forbidden.
114. On the reception of a patient, his effects will at once b e turn ed over to the senior h ospital stewa rd , who will examine them and enter th em (each a rt icle se parately ) in th e " regi ster of patients' effects " and cau se them to be neatly pa cked and placed in a safe place. A ll money, watch es, an d other valuables, a1ter bein g entered as above, are t o be enclosed in an envelope, marked with the patient's name and safely deposited.
11 5. vVh en the pati ent leav es th e bospital his effects will be retunied to hi m, and h e will receipt ior them in th e " register of pati ents' effects."
11 6. Ea ch patient, if able, will wash his h an ds and fac e and comb his hai r at least every morning, and he will be required to keep h imself clea n both as to pe rso n a nd cloth in g. Th ose who are unable to do this will ha ve it done for th e m by the nurse.
117. Th e beds w il\ be made every m orning and al ways kep t cl ean and in orde r. Th e mattress will o rdinaril y b e turned over before tbe bed is made. Th e blankets a nd bedding must be frequently aired. .Mattress cover s will b e ch anged as often as is necessary.

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ll8. No fo od, sp iri t uous liquors, or articles of any kind what~oeve r shall be brought within the hospital without p ermission frum proper authority. And no patient will be allowed to receive s uch food , liquor, or other things without the permission of a m edical office r.
119. Profane or vulgar language, loud talking, whistling , or singing is forbidd en in the h os pita l.
120. Smoking is not p erm itted in the h osp ital, di spensary, or surg<'o n 's office. Medical officers are expected to set an example {)[obedien ce to this rul e and see th at it is enforced.
l2l. Convalesce nts are r equ1red to perform sue!: li g h t work .abo ut the hospital as they 1n ay be ab le to do.
12:!. Immed iately after brea kfast the h ospital will b e thoroughly poli ced in eve ry d epa rtme nt. It must be ready for inspection at 10 A. M. and a lways be kept absolutely clean.
123. No water will be used on the floor with out special permi ssion from the senior h osp ital steward.
124. All lamps must be clea ned a nd filled and made r eady for li ghting before th e mornin g inspection. The filling of lamps after dark is absolutely prohibited.
125. Talkin g in the ward s must cease at 8:30P.M ., when all the patients will go to bed . All lights in the wa rd s will be low ered at 9:00 P. M., a nd at 11:0(1 P. M., all oth er lights in the hospital, except the spec iall y des ignated night li g h ts, w ill be extinguished.
126. No patient will be allowed to leave th e h osp ital withou t permission from proper authority.
127. E xce pt in cases o f emerge ncy, m edicines or other property pertaining to the Medical Department will be issued only upon the order of a medical offi cer .
REPOHTS A ND BLANK FORYI S.
128. The reports and papers called for from medical officers are as follow s:
REP ORTS RELATING '1'0 THE MEMBERSHIP OF THE MEDICAL DE -
PARTMENT.
1st. A mornin g r ep ort of the H ospital and Ambulan ce Corps g i v in~ its strength for du ty and the chan ges, if any, that have tak en place during th e prev ious twenty-four h ours for th e inform ation of the p ost commander at posts or camps.

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21. A qua rterly return in duplicate to the Surgeon-General of

the peT.sonnel and equipment of the Hospital and Ambn lan ce

Corps, giving a nominal li st of the mem ben of the corps, with the

changes that ha ve taken place durin g th e quarter. Al so a li st o f

ambulances, harness, litte rs, a nd all property of the :i\!Iedical De-

p artm ent in charge. Thi s report musL a lso be made at the close

of a t ou r of duty , either at a post, camp, or field .

3d. A quarterly r eport g ivin g a statem e nt of th e di sburoe ments

o( all m edi cal snppli es, etc., to the l:lurgeo n-G e1,eml.

.

R EP ORTS R E LATI N G '1'0 SICK N ESS AND pTHER CAS U ALTI E S OR CHANGES I N THE TROOPS :

129.-1st. A. m orning report of sick and wounded, for t he in-

formation of the post commander.

2d. A m onthl y rep ort, or at close of tour of duty , t o th e Sur-

geon-G eneral, gi ving the strength , present, and changes th at have

taken place and t he numbers treated under headings of special

d isease and injury . The blank form s furni sh ed are provided with

a space for remarks ; but the hi stor y of cases that possess a pro-

fession al in terest shou ld be r eported specially to the Surgeo n-

General.

'

3d. In th e event of th e outbreak of epidemic di sease, a specinl

r eport of th e fH c ts sh ould be imm ediately forward ed to tho Sur-

g eo n - G e n e r a l .

4th . A sanitary report to th e post r>ommand<w, with a copy of

th e same to the Surgeo n-G eneral.

5th. A meteorologi cal r eport to the Surgeon -General at th e cl ose

of the t our of duty or with m onthly rep ort.

130. Th e foll owing books should be kept at a ll pos t or cnmp

hospitals :

1. Morning report of Hospital and Ambulance Corps.

2. A morning report of :Sick and wounded .

3. A register of patients' effects .

4. A case, di et, and prescr iption book.

5. A medical history of th e post.

6. An ord er and letter book .

7. An in voice book.

131. Th e followin2; blank forms, adopted by the M edical D e-

partm ent, Georgia V olunteers, are the reg ulation blank for ;11s of

the M edi cal D epartment U . S. Army as follow s :

Requi siti on for medical suppli es, No. 18, U nitecl Stntes Army ..

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Special requi sition for medi cal supplies, No. 19, Un ited States .Army.
R eceipt for medi cal supplies, No. 23, United States Army. Return of medical property, No. 2fi, United States ~~rmy. Return of per son nel and equipm ent of Hospital and Arnbulnnce Corps, No. 67, United States Army. Regist er of patients, No. 30, United States Army. Also a hospital record book , m eteorological record, No. 34 United States Army. l~ec ord of deaths.
Th e enlistment rolls ol th e Georgia Volunteers will be used fo r
th e enlistment of privates of the Hospital and Ambultlnce Corps. A s far as practicable these bla nks will be used for reports.
132. Th e ordinary blank fo.rms and company book, in use by com panies of th e Georgia Volunteers, will be used for "corps service" by the Hospita l and Am bulanee Corp s.
MEDICAL SEl~VICE ON THE RLB'LE RANGE.
133. One m edical oftker shall be detai led to be present on the rifle ran-ge during the hours of nuthori zed rifle practice.
134. Tw o or more members of the Hospi tal and Ambulance Corps, completely equ ipped with all necessary drugs, in struments and surgical dressings, should also b e detailed by th e se nior m edical oflieer.
135. A litter shall a] ways be kept in a con venient place, ready for immediate use, at rifl e ran11:e.
FIELD SEl{VICE.
ARRANGEMENT 01' STATIONS DURING ACTION.
136. During an engagement, the wounded will receiY e atten tion at the following principal points and in the followin g ord er:
First. With the lin e of battle under fire . Second. At the fir st dress in g stations. Third . At the mi1 bu lan ce stations. Fourth. At th e field hospital 137. Th e sen ior meoical office r will arrange the n ecessa ry details of medical officers and members of the H ospital and Ambulanc e Corps for service at th ese stations, all of wl1ich shall be under his irnmediftte cha rge and superv ision. 138. First dressing stations will be established at th e n ea rest

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-place to the combatants, where the wounded and those caring fo r them may not be unnecessarily exposed to fire.
139. Ambulance stations will be established at some place of security in the rea r, or in some conven ient building near the field -of battle. Th e ambulance stations should be within easy signal ing distance from the first dressing stations.
140. The field hospital will be established in a secure place where the danger fro.m missiles is reduced to a minimum.
141. During an engagement, the wounded who r equire immediate operativ e pro~edure should be designated by a red badge attached to their clothing, in a conspicuo us place, by the first medical office r into whose hands tbey come; on arriving at the first dressing stations, th e wounded so marked wi ll receiv e the first surgical attention.
142. No persons, except the proper medical officers, members of the Hospital and Ambulance Corps, or such persons ns may be .specially assigned temporarily, in emergency cases, by the proper military authority, shall be permitted to take or accompany sick or wounded men to the rear.
SIGNAL SERVICE.
143. A proper number of intelligent and r el iable men should 'be selected and assigned to duty as signalmen in conn ection with the different medical field stations, and under the direction of th e senior medical officer.
144. These signalm e n should be station ed at selected pl!wes within sight and sigmtling distance of each other, each one to b e eq uipped with a hospital guidon.
145. By th e following system of signals given one to another, -o rd ers may be rapidly and accurately transmitted.
(A) To advance ambulance to.first dressing stations-wave -guidon three times forward.
(B) Ambulance to fall hack to fi eld hospital-wave guidon three times backward.
(C) Surgi ca l supplies needed at first dre~s i ng stations-wave guidon in a ho1i zontal circle three times above head .
( D ) 1\'l.ore men needed at first dressing or ambulance station swave guidon Lip and clown above h ead, one time for each man needed.

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(E) More med ical officers need ed at first dressing or ambulance static>ns-wave guidon in a half circle perpendicularl y above head, one time for each offi cer needed.
(F) Line of battle abOLlt to fall back, and prepare for retreat, throw guidon up in th e a ir, above head, and allow to fall on the ground.
146. Signalm en mu st be constantly alert, with th eir eyesfi xed on each other and prom ptl y repeat all signals.
. BOOKS OF INSTRUCTION.
147. The " Ma nual of Drill fo r the Hospital Corps, " Un ited States Army, is adopted as the " Manual of Drill " for use in the ~ledi cal De-partm ent of t he Geo rg ia Vo"hmtee rs.
148. The " H an dboo k for th e H ospi tal Corps of the U nited States Army an d State lllili tary Forces,'' by Charles Smart, Major and Surgeon U nited States Army , is reco mmend ed to the H os pital and Ambulance Corps of th e Georgia Volunteers for th eir instruction.
149. Wh ere n ot herein proyided for the regulations of the United States Army Med iC>11 Department will be r ecogn ized as authority.